U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Technical Information Service
PB80-112170
Formulation of a Preliminary Assessment
of Halogenated Organic Compounds in
Man and Environmental Media
Research Triangle Inst, Research Triangle Park, NC
Prepared for
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC Office of Toxic Substances
Jul 79
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PORTIONS OF THIS REPORT ARE NOT LEGIBLE,
HOWEVER, IT IS THE BEST REPRODUCTION
AVAILABLE FROM THE COPY SENT TO NTIS,
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-560/13-79-006
. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
4 TITLE AND SUBTITLE
FORMULATION OF A.PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF HALOGENATED
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. IN MAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIA.
5. REPORT DATE
July. 1979
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
E..DV Pellizzari, M/ D. Erickson and R. A. Zweidinger
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
'Research Triangle Institute
; P. 0. Box 12194
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-01-4731
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Toxic Substances
Washington, DC 20460
13. TYPE OF REPORT ANO PERIOD COVERED
Annual, Nov. 1976-Dec. 1978
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
This comprehensive report covers the information which has' been gathered on. this.
program during the past year. A model is developed for making .a comparative assess-
ment of halo genated prganics: in ^man^and environmental .media. .This/ comprehensive , ,
report punctuates- the -first .phase of this program. - . .
T7;
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lDENTlFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
C. COSATI Field/Group
Preliminary Survey .
, Halogenated Hydrocarbons
""
.
•Water . ;
Food... ;
:Tissue. • .' •' :
Five Area -Study
13. DISTRIBUTE ON STATEMENT
Release to"' Public
19. SECURITY CLASS (This Report!
.Unclassified-. . . -
21.
20. SECURITY CLASS (This page)
• Unclassified.
22. PRICE
Form 2220—1 (R«y. 4—77) f=ReviOUS EDITION IS OBSOLETE.
/
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FORMULATION OF A PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF
HALOGENATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN MAN AND
ENVIRONMENTAL MEDIA
by
Edo D. Pellizzari, Mitchell D. Erickson and R. A. Zweidinger
Contract No. 68-01-4731
Project Officer
Dr. Joseph Breen
Office of Toxic Substances
Washington, DC 20460
U. S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES
WASHINGTON, DC 20460
I, CU
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DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the Surveillience and Analysis Division
of the Office of Toxic Substances, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency,
and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the contents
necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U. S. Environmental Protec-
tion Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute
endorsement or recommendation for use.
ii
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ABSTRACT
This comprehensive report covers the information which has been gathered
on this program during the past year. A model is developed for making a
comparative assessment of halogenated organics in man and environmental
media. This comprehensive report punctuates the first phase of this program.
•ill
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IV
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CONTENTS
Abstract iii
Figures vi
Tables xi
Acknowledgment xxi
1. Conclusions 1
2. Recommendations 2
3. Program Objectives 3
4. Introduction 4
5. Incidence of Cancer in The Study Areas 9
6. Potential Sources of Halogenated Hydrocarbons 27
7. Measurement" of Halogenated Hydrocarbons in The Environment. 38
8. Mutagenic/Carcinogenic Activity of Halogenated Compounds. . 89
9. Biological Chemistry of Halogenated Hydrocarbons 95
10. Demographic and Meteorological Characteristics of Several
Potential Study Sites 109
11. Sites and Halogenated Hydrocarbons Selected for a Compara-
tive Analysis Between Man and the Environment 118
Appendices
A 142
B Metabolism Summaries 278
C Wind Roses for Study Sites 412
D Population Density for Potential Study Sites 422
Preceding page blank
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FIGURES
Number £i£
4-1 Schematic flow diagram demonstrating interlocking rela-
tionships between environment, man and association
with incidence of cancer 5
4-2 Pertinent relationships between discharge sources, environ-
mental media and man 7
10-1 Aerial photograph (black and white copy of color print) of
Allied North and surrounding area, Baton Rouge, LA. . . Ill
10-2 Reproduction of transparent overlay for Figure 10-1 showing
rough outlines of plant sites 112
10-3 Infrared aerial photograph (black and white copy of .-?lor
print) of Allied North, Allied South, Ethyl, and
surrounding area, Baton Rouge, LA 113
10-4 Reproduction of transparent overlay for Figure 10-3 showing
rough outlines of plant sites and other major features. 114
A-l Map of Buffalo and Niagara Falls, NY Area 143
A-2 Map depicting sampling locations 1 to 13 in Niagara Falls,
NY, 144
A-3 Map of "Old Love" Canal area of Niagara Falls, NY - sampling
locations for body-burden study 158
A-4 Sampling locations and plant identifications for Site No.
2, Niagara Falls, NY 165
A-5 Sampling locations and plant identifications at Site No. 3,
Buffalo, NY '167
A-6 GC/MS profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air in
Niagara Falls, NY (P4/L7) 168
A-7 GC/MS profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air in
Niagara Falls, NY (P4/L8) 169
VI
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FIGURES CONT'D.
Number Page
A-8 GC/MS profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air in
Buffalo, NY (P4/L2) 170
A-9 GC/MS profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air from
Buffalo, NY (P4/L3) 171
A-10 GC/MS profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air from
Buffalo, NY (P4/L4) 172
A-ll Northern New Jersey, showing general sampling sites, Trip
2 (September, 1978) 187
A-12 Map of Bound Brook, NJ showing site No. 1 and the sampling
locations 188
A-13 Map of Rahway, NJ area showing site No. 2 and the sampling
locations 189
A-14 Map of Hillside, NJ area, showing Flash Dry Cleaners (FDC)
and sampling locations 190
A-15 Map of Edison, NJ area showing site No. 3 and sampling
locations 191
A-16 Map of Fords, NJ area showing site No. 4 and sampling
locations 192
A-17 Map of Rutherford, NJ area showing site no. 5 and sampling
locations 193
A-18 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase- organics in ambient air
at site No. 1 in Bound Brook, NJ (PI/LI) 200
A-19 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air
at site No. 1 in Bound Brook, NJ (P2/L4) 201
A-20 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air
at site No. 2 in Rahway, NJ (P3/L7) 202
A-21 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air
at site No. 2 in Rahway, NJ (P4/L2) 203
A-22 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air
at site No. 2 in Rahway, NJ (P3/L3) 204
A-23 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air
at site No. 3 in Edison, NJ (P6/L5) 205
VII
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FIGERES CONT'D.
Number ^^
A-24 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air
at site No. 4 in Edison, NJ (P6/L6) 206
A-25 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air
at site No. 4 in Fords, NJ (P8/L1) 207
A-26 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air
at site No. 4 in Fords, NJ (P9/L3) 208
A-27 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air
at site No. 5 in Carlstadt, NJ (P10/L7) 209
A-28 GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air
at site No. 5 in Carlstadt, NJ (P11/L4) 210
A-29 Sampling locations surrounding Kin-Buc Lanfill, Edison, NJ. 244
A-30 Map depicting sampling locations near industrial complex
in Iberville Parish, LA 247
A-31 Map depicting sampling locations of ambient air samp"1 \ng
network in Iberville Parish, LA 248
A-32 Sampling site and locations in Geismar, LA area 252
A-33 Sampling site and location for Baton Rouge, LA area .... 257
A-34 Sampling site and locations in Baton Rouge, LA 258
A-35 Sampling locations for Deer Park and Pasadena, TX sites . . 274
A-36 Sampling locations in Freeport, TX (Dow 'A') 275
A-37 Sampling site and locations in La Porte, TX (E. I. DuPont
deNemours & Co) 276
C-l Wind rose for Baton Rouge, LA 413
C-2 Wind rose for Newark, NJ 414
C-3 Wind rose for McGuire, AFB, Writestown, NJ 415
C-4 Wind rose for Buffalo, NY 416
C-5 Wind rose for Greensboro, NC. 4^7
C-6 Wind rose for Winston-Salem, NC ATO
C-7 Wind rose for Houston (Ellington AFB), TX 419
C-8 Wind rose for Houston Intercontinental, TX 420
C-9 Wind rose for Houston (Hobby), TX
Vlll
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FIGURES CONT'D.
Number Page
D-l Population, density map for the area surrounding Allied
North, Baton Rouge, LA 423
D-2 Population density map for the area surrounding Allied
South, Baton Rouge, LA 424
D-3 Population density map for the area surrounding Ethyl
Corp., Baton Rouge, LA 425
D-4 Population density map for the area surrounding Dow Chemical
Plaquemine, LA 426
D-5 Population density map for the area surrounding Hercules,
Inc. , Plaquemine, LA 427
D-6 Population density map for the area surrounding Ciba-Geigy,
St. Gabriel, LA 428
D-7 Population density map for the area surrounding White
Chemical Co., Bayonne, NJ 429
D-8 Population density map for the area surrounding Givaudan
Corp., Clifton, NJ 430
D-9 Population density map for the area surrounding GAP Co.,
Linden, NJ 431
D-10 Population density map for the area surrounding Prentiss
Drug and Chem. Co., Newark, NJ 432
D-ll Population density map for the area surrounding Troy Chem.
Co., Newark, NJ 433
D-12 Population density map for the area surrounding Standard
Chlorine Chem. Co., Kearney, NJ 434
D-13 Population density map for the area surrounding UOP, East
Rutherford, NJ 435
D-14 Census tract map for the portion of Niagara Falls, NY, sur-
rouding "Old Love" Canal 436
D-15 Population density map for the area surrounding Petrotex,
Houston, TX ..... 437
D-16 Population density map for the area surrounding Ethyl Corp.,
Pasadena, TX 439
IX
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FIGURES CONT'D.
Number
D-17 Population density map for the area surrounding Gulf
Chemical, Texas City, TX 440
D-18- Population density map for the area surrounding Union Car-
bide, Texas City, TX 441
D-19 Population density map for the area surrounding DuPont,
LaPorte, TX 442
D-20 Population density map for the area surrounding Upjohn,
LaPorte, TX 443
D-21 Population density map for the area surrounding Diamond
Shamrock, Deer Park, TX 444
D-22 Population density map for the area surrounding Rollins
Environmental, Deer Park, TX 445
D-23 Population density map for the area surrounding Shell Co.,
Deer Park, TX 446
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TABLES
Number Page
5-1 US Average Cancer Mortality 10
5-2 Cancer Mortality for Baton Rouge Study Area 11
5-3 Cancer Mortality for Northeast New Jersey Study Area
1950-1969 15
5-4 Cancer Mortality for the Buffalo-Niagara, NY Study Area. . 21
5-5 Cancer Mortality for Greensboro, NC Study Area 24
5-6 Cancer Mortality for the Houston, TX Study Area 25
6-1 Halogenated Hydrocarbon Manufacturing Locations Identified
for Population Density Mapping--Northern New Jersey
Area 28
6-2 Halogenated Hydrocarbon Manufacturing Locations Identified
for Population Density Mapping—Baton Rouge Area. . . 31
6-3 Halogenated Hydrocarbon Manufacturing Locations Identified
for Population Density Mapping--Buffalo/Niagara Area. 32
6-4 Halogenated Hydrocarbon Manufacturing Locations Identified
for Population Density Mapping—Houston Area 34
7-1 Levels of Halogenated Organic Compounds Found in Food in
•the United States . • 39
7-2 Levels of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Human Serum,
Plasma and Blood in the United States 44
7-3 Levels of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Human Milk
in the United States 47
7-4 Levels of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Human Tissue in
the United States 50
7-5 Summary of Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated
Organics in Ambient Air in Niagara Falls, NY 55
7-6 Summary of Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated
Organics in Drinking Water from Niagara and Buffalo, NY 57
XI
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TABLES CONT'D.
Number Page
7-7 Levels of Halogenated Organics Found in Water in the
Buffalo/Niagara Area 58
7-8 Summary of Estimated Levels of Halogenated Organics in
Human Breath in Niagara Falls, NY 61
7-9 Summary of Estimated Levels of Purgeable Organics in Human
Blood Samples in Niagara Falls, NY 63
7-10 Halogenated Extractable (Semi-Volatiles) in Human Blood. . . 64
7-11 Summary of Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated
Organics in Human Urine from Niagara Falls, NY 65
7-12 Summary of Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated
Organics in the•New Jersey Area • 66- •
7-13 Summary of Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated Organics
in New Jersey Drinking Water 67
7-14 Levels of Halogenated Organics Found in Water in the 'Tew
Jersey Area 68
7-15 Quantitative Analysis of Extractable Semi-Volatile HHC's
in Tap Water in Northern New Jersey 71
7-16 Summary of Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated
Organics in Baton Rouge, LA Area 72
7-17 Summary of Purgeable Halogenated Hydrocarbon Levels Found
at Jefferson Parish Water Plant, 2/7/77-8/5/77 73
7-18 Summary of Purgeable Halogenated Hydrocarbon Levels Found
in Tap Water in Jefferson Parish 74
7-19 Levels of Halogenated Organics Found in Water in the New
Orleans/Baton Rouge Area 75
7-20 Summary of Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated
Organics in Ambient Air in Baton Rouge, LA and Vicinity 79
7-21 Levels of Halogenated Organics Found in Water in the
Houston Area g-^
7-22 Halogenated Hydrocarbons Detected in Ten Expired Air Samples
From Male Volunteers at Brooks AFB, TX 83
Xll
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TABLES CONT'D.
Number Pag
8-1 Summary of Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity Data on
Halogenated Compounds 90
9-1 CEA litres in Healthy Non-Smoking Subjects 98
9-2 CEA litres in Healthy Subjects - Smokers, Non-Smokers and
Pregnant Females 99
9-3 CEA litres in Patients with Clinically Suspected Malignant
Disease 100
9-4 CEA litres in 3340 Patients with Non-Malignant Disorders. . 101
9-5 Comparison of RIA Methods for CEA 103
9-6 Urinary CEA Levels in Healthy Subjects and Several Disor-
ders 104
9-7 Plasma CEA Levels in the "Old Love" Canal Study 107
10-1 Water Companies Serving the Sampling Sites in New Jersey. . 115
11-1 Prevalent Halogenated Compounds in Ambient Air and Water
of Niagara Falls and Buffalo, NY 119
11-2 Prevalent Halogenated Compounds in Ambient Air and Water
of Rahway/Woodbridge, Boundbrook and Passaic, NJ . . . 120
11-3 Prevalent Halogenated Compounds Occurring in Ambient Air
and Water of Baton Rouge, Geismar and Plaquemine, LA . 121
11-4 Prevalent Halogenated Compounds Occurring in Ambient Air
and Water of Houston, Deer Park and Pasadena, TX . . . 122
11-5 Ranking of Pesticides and PCB's by Reported Concentrations
11-6 Total Potential 24 Hr Dose of Halogenated Compounds to
Humans from Air and Water in Niagara Falls and Buffalo,
NY 125
11-7 Total Potential 24 Hr Dose of Halogenated Compounds to
Humans from Air and Water in Rahway/Woodbridge,
Boundbrook, and Passaic, NJ 126
11-8 Total Potential 24 Hr Dose of Halogenated Compounds to
Humans from Air and Water in Baton Rouge, Geismar
and Plaquemine, LA 127
XI11
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TABLES CONT'D.
Number
11-9 Total Potential 24 Hr Dose of Halogenated Compounds to
Humans from Air and Water in Houston, Deer Park,
128
and Pasadena, TX
11-10 Halogenated Compounds Selected for Monitoring in Air and
Water in Niagara Falls and Buffalo, NY 131
11-11 Halogenated Compounds Selected for Monitoring in Human
Samples from Niagara Falls and Buffalo, NY 132
11-12 Halogenated Compounds Selected for Monitoring in Air and
Water in Rahway/Woodbridge, Boundbrook and Passaic, NJ 133
11-13 Halogenated Compounds Selected for Monitoring in Human
Samples from Rahway/Woodbridge, Boundbrook and
Passaic, NJ 134
11-14 Halogenated Compounds Selected for Monitoring in Air and
Water in Baton Rouge, Geismar and Plaquemine, 1* . . 136
11-15 Halogenated Compounds Selected for Monitoring in Human
Samples from Baton Rouge, Geismar and Plaquemine, LA. 137
11-16 Halogenated Compounds Selected for Monitoring in Air and
Water in Houston, Deer Park and Pasadena, TX 138
11-17 Halogenated Compounds Selected for Monitoring in Human
Samples from Houston, Deer Park and Pasadena, TX. . . 139
11-18 Pesticides and PCB's Selected for Correlative Studies in
Biological Tissue and Soil Samples for All Geographi-
cal Areas 140
A-l Sampling Protocol for Vapor-Phase Organics in Air from
Household Basements and School Rooms in Niagara, NY . 145
A-2 Sampling Protocol for Collection of Semi-Volatile Organics
on Polyurethane Foam from Air in Household Basements
in Niagara, NY j_47
A-3 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organic Vapors
in Air of Household Basements and School Room in
Niagara, NY 148
xiv
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TABLES CONT'D.
Number Page
A-4 Semi-Volatile Organic Chemicals Identified in Air from
Household Basement (LI), Niagara, NY Using PUT
Technique 151
A-5 Semi-Volatile Organic Chemicals Identified in Air from
Household Basements (L3), Niagara, NY Using PUT
Technique 152
A-6 Semi-Volatile Organic Chemicals Identified in Air from
Household Basement (L5), Niagara, NY Using PUT
Collection Technique 153
A-7 Semi-Volatile Organic Chemicals Identified in Air From
Household Basement (L6), Niagara, NY Using PUT Collec-
tion Technique 154
A-8 Semi-Volatile Organic Chemicals Identified in Air from
Household Basement (L4), Niagara, NY Using PUF Collec-
tion Technique 155
A-9 Semi-Volatile Organic Chemicals Identified in Air from
Household Basement (L2), Niagara, NY Using PUF Collec-
tion Technique 156
A-10 Air Exposure Monitoring Protocol for the "Old Love" Canal
Area of Niagara Falls, NY 158
A-ll Meteorology for July 6 and 7, 1978 in the "Old Love" Canal
Area of Niagara Falls, NY 159
A-12 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Compounds in
Air Inside Homes of "Old Love" Canal Area of Niagara
Falls, NY 160
A-13 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Compounds in
Ambient Air Outside Homes of "Old Love" Canal,
Niagara, NY 162
A-14 Sampling Protocol for Site No. 2, Niagara Falls, NY - Trip 1 164
A-15 Sampling Protocol for Site No. 3, Buffalo, NY - Trip 1. . . 166
A-16 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Niagara
Falls, NY (P4/L7) 173
xv
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TABLES CONT'D.
Number
A-17 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Niagara
Falls, NY (P4/L8)
A-18 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics In Ambient Air in
Buffalo, NY (P4/L2) 174
A-19 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in Ambient Air from
Buffalo, NY (P4/L3) 174
A-20 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in Ambient Air from
Buffalo, NY (P4/L4) 17$
A-21 Estimated Levels of Site-Specific Vapor-Phase Halogenated
Compounds in Ambient Air in Niagara Falls, NY 176
A-22 Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated Compounds in
Drinking Water from "Old Love" Canal in Niagara Falls,
NY 177
A-23 Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halo.genated Compounds -'n
Drinking Water from "Old Love" Canal in Niagara
Falls, NY 178
A-24 Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated Compounds in
Drinking Water Samples from Niagara Falls/Buffalo, NY
Area ' 179
A-25 Quantitative Analysis of Extractable (Semi-Volatile) HHC's
in Tap Water in Buffalo/Niagara 181
A-26 Body Burden Sampling Protocol for the "Old Love" Canal Area
of Niagara Falls, NY 182
A-27 Estimated Levels of Halogenated Compounds in Human Breath
from "Old Love" Canal in Niagara Falls, NY 183
A-28 Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated Compounds in
Human Blood Samples from "Old Love" Canal in Niagara
Falls, NY 184
A-29 Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated Compound? in Human
Urine Samples from "Old Love" Canal, In Niagara, NY. . 185
A-30 Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated Compounds in Human
Urine Samples from "Old Love" Canal in Niagara Falls,
NY 186
xvi
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TABLES CONT'D.
Number Page
A-31 Sampling Protocol for Site No. 1, Bound Brook, NJ -
Trip 2 194
A-32 Sampling Protocol for Site No. 2, Rahway, NJ - Trip 2. . . 195
A-33 Sampling Protocol for Site IDC (Flash Dry Cleaners),
Hillside, NJ - Trip 2 196
A-34 Sampling Protocol for Site No. 3, Edison, NJ - Trip 2. . . 197
A-35 Sampling Protocol for Site No. 4, Fords, NJ - Trip 2 ... 198
A-36 Sampling Protocol for Site No. 5, Carlstadt, NJ - Trip 2 . 199
A-37 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Ambient
Air at Site No. 1 in Bound Brook, NJ (P2/L4) 211
A-38 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in Ambient Air at Site
No. 1 in Bound Brook, NJ (PI/LI) 211
A-39 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Ambient Air
at Site No. 5 in Rahway, NJ (P3/L7) - Trip 2 212
A-40 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Ambient Air
at Site No. 2 in Rahway, NJ (P4/L2) 212
A-41 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Ambient Air
at Site No. 2 in Rahway, NJ (P3/L3) 213
A-42 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Ambient Air
at Site No. 3 in Edison, NJ (P6/L5) 214
A-43 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Ambient Air
at Site No. 4 in Edison, NJ (P6/L6) 214
A-44 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Ambient Air
at Site No. 4 in Fords, NJ (P8/L1) - Trip 2 215
A-45 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Ambient Air
at Site No. 4 in Fords, NJ (P9/L3) 215
A-46 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Ambient Air
at Site No. 5 in Carlstadt, NJ (P10/L7) 216
A-47 Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics Identified in Ambient Air
at Site No. 5 in Carlstadt, NJ (P11/L4) 216
A-48 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Ambient Air at Site No. 1 in Bound Brook, NJ
(9/18 - 19/78) 217
xvii
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TABLES CONT'D.
Number
A-49 ' Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Ambient Air at Site No. 1 in Bound Brook, NJ
01 O
(9/19-20/78)
A-50 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Ambient Air at Site No. 2 in Rahway, NJ (9/20-
21/78) 219
A-51 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Ambient Air at Site No. 2 in Rahwaya, NJ (9/21-
22/78) 22°
A-52 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Ambient Air at Site No. 3 in Edison, NJ (9/22-
23/78) 221
A-53 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Ambient Air at Site No. 3 in Edison, NJ (9/2^-
24/78) 222
A-54 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Ambient Air at Site No. 4 in Fords, NJ (9/25-
26/78) 223
A-55 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Ambient Air at Site No. 4 in Fords, NJ (9/26-
27/78) 224
A-56 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Ambient Air at Site No. 5 in Carlstadt, NJ (9/28-
29/78) 225
A-57 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Ambient Air at Site No. 5 in Carlstadt, NJ (9/29-
3/78) _ 226
A-58 Sampling Protocol for Central and Northern New Jersey. . . 227
A-59 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organi-s in
New Jersey 228
A-60 Sampling Protocol for Kin-Buc Disposal Site 229
XVlll
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TABLES CONT'D.
Number Page
A-61 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in
Ambient Air from Kin-Buc Disposal Site., Edison, NJ
(Periods 1 & 2) 232
A-62 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in
Ambient Air from Kin-Buc Disposal Site, Edison, NJ
(Periods 3 & 4) 234
A-63 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in
Ambient Air from Kin-Buc Disposal Site, Edison, NJ
(Periods 5 & 6) 236
A-64 Ambient Air Sampling Protocol for Investigating Chemical
Dump/Landfill in Edison, NJ 238
A-65 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in
Ambient Air from Kin-Buc Disposal Site 240
A-66 Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Drinking Water from New Jersey 241
A-67 Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Drinking Water at Site No. 4 in Fords, NJ . . . . 242
A-68 Estimated Levels of Purgeable Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Drinking Water at Site No. 5 in Carlstadt, NJ . . 243
A-69 Ambient Air Sampling Protocol for Plaquemine, LA Area . . 245
A-70 Concentrations of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in
Iberville Parish, LA 249
A-71 Concentrations of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in
Iberville Parish, LA 250
A-72 Ambient Air Sampling Protocol for Geismar, LA Area. . . . 251
A-73 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in
Geismar, LA Area 253
A-74 Ambient Air Sampling Protocol for Baton Rouge, LA Area. . 254
A-75 Vapor-Phase Halogenated and Other Organics Estimated in
Ambient Air of Baton Rouge, LA and Vicinity 259
A-76 Minimum Total Halogenated Hydrocarbon Vapor in Ambient
Air of Baton Rouge, LA 260
xix
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TABLES CONT'D.
Number Page
A~77 Ambient Air Sampling Protocol for Vapor-Phase Organics
in Baton Rouge, LA 261
A-78 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in
Ambient Air from Baton Rouge, LA 262
A-79 Ambient Air Sampling Protocol for Houston, TX and
Vicinity 264
A-80 Ambient Air Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Hydrocarbons
in Houston, Pasadena, Deer Park, Freeport and LA
Porte, TX Areas 266
A-81 Estimated Minimum Total Ambient Air Levels of Vapor-Phase
Organic Chemical Classes in Houston and Vicinities. .. 268
A-82 Ambient Air Sampling Protocol for Vapor-Phase Organics
in Houston, TX 269
A-83 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase 'Halogenated Organics in
Ambient Air from Houston, TX 270
A-84 Ambient Air Sampling Protocol for Volatile Organics in
• . . . Houston, TX 272
A-85 Estimated Levels of Vapor-Phase Halogenated Organics in
Ambient Air From Houston, TX 273
B-l Metabolism Studies for Some Halogenated Organics to be
Monitored in This Study 279
B-2 Metabolism Studies for Some Pesticides to be Monitored
In This Study 404
D-l Census Data for Tracts Shown in Figure D-14 437
xx
-------
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.
The authors wish to thank the following RTI individuals for their
'participation and assistance in the program: Dr. J. Bursey, Dr. K. Tomer,
Benjamin Harris,. Ill, Milas Kilkpatrick, Doris Smith, Steve Cooper, Nora
Castillo, Joseph Davis, Jane Barkley, Margaret Ray, Sandra Parks and Neal
• Williams. Also Drs. Joseph Breen and Vincent DeCarlo and Ms. Cindy Stroup
of the Office of Toxic Substances provided assistance and guidance in the
preparation of this report. The assistance provided by personnel in the
Region II office of EPA is acknowledged for the site selection and sampling
effort in Buffalo and Niagara, NY and NJ. These individuals were Art Gervitz,
:David Kraft, William Librizzi and Judhea Menczel. • . •: •
..Finally, we wish to express our sincere appreciation and thanks to the
*,people in the study areas for donating'their.premises as sampling locations.
- The cooperation of the '"Old Love" Canal .residents .is especially appreciated.
xxi
-------
SECTION 1
CONCLUSIONS
During the course of acquiring information for this report, it became
apparent that a substantial volume of data existed on the measurements of
halogenated hydrocarbons in the environment, their mutagenic and carcino-
genic activity and the biological chemistry of these materials. This
information has allowed the selection of those substances which are probably
most prominent and biologically important for a subsequent epidemiological
study. An inadequate amount of information was available for the production
and emissions of halogenated hydrocarbons from the industry in the five
geographical areas. Without this information, a backward extrapolation
between levels in the environment and the incidence of cancer will be very
difficult. Furthermore, data were not available on levels in human fluids
nor the variance of the halogenated hydrocarbons in biological fluids and
tissue. This information is important for statistical analyses and for
subsequent correlations.
-------
SECTION 2
RECOMMENDATIONS
Future programs which undertake a comparative analysis between pollu-
tants in the environment and in man should be extended to other chemicals
which may be potentially responsible for the increase incidence of cancer in
the Continental U.S. It is recommended however that a pilot program be
instituted which provides the following information: (1) environmental
levels of chemicals in air, water, soil, sediment and the food chain; (2)
levels of the pollutants in the human biological fluids and tissue; (3)
biological testing of chemicals for carcinogenic and mutagenic activity
which is needed for the selection of the more important compou ds for
epidemiological studies; and (4) production and emission levels for chemicals
during the past 10-15 years.
These data are required and are considered as the key ingredients in
designing a program which makes an assessment of the organic pollutants in
man and environmental media.
-------
SECTION 3
PROGRAM OBJECTIVES
The general broad term thrust of this program is to conduct environmental
sampling and related epidemiological studies concerning halogenated organic
compounds in five metropolitan locations within the Continental U.S. A
comparative analysis is to be made of environmental levels (air, water,
soil, sediment and aquatic and terrestrial species) with levels of chemicals
found in the endogenous population and cancer mortality rates (in the metropo-
litan areas). The selected halogenated hydrocarbon chemicals are to be
measured in human blood, urine and/or fat tissues.
Under the first phase of this program, identification and quantification
of the halogenated hydrocarbons occurring in air, water, etc. are to be
performed for the sampling areas selected. The ultimate objective is to
acquire information which will allow a statistical correlation of the levels
of halogenated organic compounds in the environmental, samples with those in
human tissue and with the incidence of mortality.
This comprehensive report presents the information which is required
for establishing which chemicals are most important for study and establishes
those substances which most likely will contribute to a health effect. The
report lays the foundation and rational basis for developing a model/hypothe-
sis concerning halogenated hydrocarbons and the incidence of cancer in man;
furthermore, the hypothesis is to be tested.
-------
SECTION 4
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL PROGRAM CONCEPT
The general program concept which has been developed attempts to furnish
a comprehensive and systematic approach which will make a comparative analysis
of selected organic compounds in man and the environmental media. For the
purpose of presenting an overview of the concept, Figure 4-1 depicts a flow
diagram demonstrating the 'interlocking relationship between the environment,
man and a potential association with the incidence of cancer. This schematic
presents a number of prerequisite components of the current program which
need examination to demonstrate a potential associational relationship
between halogenated hydrocarbons and the incidence of cancer in man. The
general program concept has been simplistically divided into three basic
levels. The first demonstrates the dosage of man with halogenated hydrocar- •••-•
bons via environmental media such as air, water and food. The second demon-
strates the degree of body-burden in man via examination of urine, blood,
breath and tissue for these compounds. The last phase of the program attempts
to demonstrate an associational relationship (i-e_. , response) between body-
burden and the incidence of cancer.
CONCEPTUAL MODEL
There are essentially three basic elements which must be present in
developing this hypothesis: (1) a source of emissions or effluents; (2) a
pathway by which a population might be exposed; and (3) a plausible etiologi-
cal relationship between emissions or effluent and the incidence of disease.
These essential ingredients have been incorporated into the i lodel depicted
in Figure 4-1.
Beginning with the first level, it is advantageous to have detailed
data on specific halogenated hydrocarbons which are emitted from industrial
plants and processes. In order to insure that a complete and valid picture
-------
INDUSTRIAL DISCHARGE
SOURCES OF HALOGENATZD
HYDROCARBONS
ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
MATRICES REPRESENTING PORTALS
OF ENTRY TO MAN
eaographic,
Hydrologic,
Meteorologic,
Topographic
Data
ANALYSIS
OF
ENVIRONMENTAL
SINKS
LEVEL 1: DOSE
LEVEL 2: BODY BURDEN-fUrineWBlood!- rfissueJ - ffireac
iochemical
Physiologic
arameters
Historical
Etiology
LEVEL 3: RESPONSE
BACK
OR FORWARD
EXTRAPOLATIO
OF
AIR/WATER
QUALITY
FORMULATION OF
HYPOTHESES
MORTALITY AND
MORBIDITY
ANALYSIS
EVALUATION AND
HYPOTHESES TESTING
CONCLUSION
Figure 4-1.
Schematic flow diagram demonstrating interlocking
relationships between environment, man and
association with incidence of cancer.
-------
has been described, this information must be fortified with environmental
sampling and analysis. To successfully and representatively analyze environ-
mental matrices which represent portals of entry to man, the hydrologic,
meteorologic and topographic characteristics in the geographical area selected
for study must be understood. Such information is the basis for a rational
sampling regime for the collection and analysis of environmental samples.
Environmental sinks need also to be analyzed and the acquisition of data on
the types and concentrations of halogenated hydrocarbons which are found in
air, water and food helps to establish man's potential dosage. Depicted in
Figure 4-2 is a more detailed pertinent relationship between discharge
sources, environmental media and man.
To establish a dose (Level 1), body-burden (Level 2) and relationship,
it is necessary to acquire appropriate demographic data and to design a
human sampling regime which adequately represents the sampled population.
For the purpose of developing statistical cell models, detailed demographic
data must be obtained concerning each blood and urine sample. .T^ ensure
that the proper halogenated hydrocarbons have been selected for study in the
blood and urine samples, the biomedical and physiological parameters and
information on their historical etiology must be known. Information on the
mutagenic and carcinogenic effects of the individual halogenated hydrocarbons
should be known in order to assist the selection of a representative number
of substances for monitoring and statistical correlation.
Subsequent to the generation of information and completion of the first
two levels of the overall program, the final phase will involve the formu-
lation of various hypotheses or models which can then be evaluated and
tested. Information on mortality and morbidity as well as regression
analysis to account for latency factors can possibly be incorporated into
the hypotheses. Whether or not an associational relationship can be ascertai-
ned between the halogenated hydrocarbons in the environment, man's exposure
to these compounds and the incidence of cancer will depend upon the validity
of the model.
A number of important ingredients are envisioned for the successful
development and testing of the conceptual model. These are as follows: (1)
there exists a statistically significant excess of cancer mortality or
-------
DIRECT APPLICATION
(weed, pest control)
HALOGENATED ORGANIC
DISCHARGE
/WVWWWX
AQUEOUS EFFLUENT
XAAAAAAAAA/
f- FOOD
(animal, vegetable)
RESPIRATION
AQUATIC LIFE
*• MAN
DRINKING
WATER
\
n n n
-*• /TREATMENT PLANT,
SEDIMENT
Figure 4-2. Pertinent relationships between discharge sources, environmental media and man.
-------
morbidity in the areas studied as compared to matched controlled areas; (2)
medical evidence which documents that the pollutant is capable of causing
disease (etiology analysis) can be found; (3) actual measurements which
document excessive levels of halogenated hydrocarbons in the area of interest
(air, water, and food) can be performed; (4) specific industrial process
data which document the industrial activity in a particular geographical
area which is acutally producing or has produced the halogenated hydrocarbons
can be located; (5) a means by which the pollutant is released from the
industry and transported to the population exists; (6) the presence of
halogenated substances in human biological fluid and tissue can be demonstra-
ted; and (7) production records which support the contention that the industry
was actually involved in the production of halogenated hydrocarbons during the
past 10-15 years can be found.
-------
SECTION 5
INCIDENCE OF CANCER IN THE STUDY AREAS
One of the objectives of this study is to compare the environmental
levels and body-burden of halogenated organics with cancer mortality rates
in the study areas. To this end, the cancer mortality statistics for the
United States and the counties comprising the study areas have been compiled
(5-1), as shown in Tables 5-1 - 5-6. For the study areas comprising more
than one county, an average was calculated for each cancer type. The total
deaths in each county were summed to give the total deaths in an area. The
death rate for the area was calculated by taking a weighted average of the
death rates for each county. The relative rate was calculated in the same
manner as for the individual counties: a simple ratio of the county death
rate vs. the national death rate.
Several of the study areas exhibit high cancer incidence relative to
the national averages. Bladder cancer and, to a lesser extent, lung cancer
are above average in the Baton Rouge area. All cancers listed, except
testicular, are above average in the New Jersey study area. The cancer
incidence in this area has been partially linked to the chemical and allied
industries located there (5-2).
In the Buffalo-Niagara study area, all cancers except prostate are
above the national average. In Greensboro (the control area) only prostate
cancer is above the national average. Houston has high rate of malignant
neoplasm, especially of the liver, lung and bladder.
The above discussion is intended only as a comparison of the data in
Tables 5-1 - 5-6. In no way should it be construed at this point as an
association of halogenated organic production and/or pollution with cancer.
Caution must be exercised in use of these data. Very high or very low
relative death rates may result when only a few deaths have occurred,
without being significant (for example, 3 deaths yielding a death rate of
2.2).
-------
Table 5-1. US AVERAGE CANCER MORTALITY
State and
•3
County Code Cancer
(City) Type Race
United 1 White
States Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
76,070
10,021
571,226
53,910
252,763
35,397
12,918
504
57,780
4,072 :
98,304
7,001
2,572,035
264,108
Male
Sex
Death Relative0
Rate Rate
5.16
6.91
37.98
, 36.67
17.84
27.39
.83
.30
3.86
2.67
6.78
5\ 05
174.04
; 184.28
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Total Death
Per 20 Years
94,229
7,261
108,326
10,222
-
-
34,204
2,429
43,095
4,758
2,258,282
228,561
Female
Death
Rate
5.34
4.59
6.29
6.27
•
1.99
1.42
2.39
3.05
130.10
139.80
Relative0
Rate
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
-
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
3Source: US Cancer Mortality by County 1950-1969, DHEW (NIH) 74-615. Code for Cancer Types: 1 = liver;
2 = trachea, lung, bronchi, etc.; 3 = prostate; 4 = testis; 5 = kidney; 6 = bladder and other urinary
organs; All = all malignant neoplasms.
Death rate is the average annual age-adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 calculated for the 20-year
period.
°Relative Rate is the County death rate divided by the national death rate .for, a, cancer., site.
-------
Table 5-2. CANCER MORTALITY FOR BATON ROUGE STUDY AREA
State and —
County Code Cancer3 T
(City) Type Race P
22033
E. Baton Rouge, 1 White
LA Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
22047
Iberville, LA 1 White
Nonwhite
Sex
Male
'otal Deaths Death
er 20 Years Rate
41
22
399
123
106
106
11
2
29
12
59
35
1,509
790
4
16
4.
5.
44.
27.
16.
25,
8.
0.
2.
2.
8.
8.
176.
176.
2.
14.
9
0
5
3
6
0
7
2
8
7
0
0
1
.2
7
1
Relative0
Rate
0.
0.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.
1.
1.
1.
0.
0.
2.
91
72
17
74
93
91
84
67
72
01
18
58
01
96
52
04
Female
Total Deaths Death
Per 20 Years Rate
39
28
71
29
-
-
33
9
24
14
1,300
727
3
3
3.
5.
6.
5.
_
-
-
3.
1.
2.
2.
114.
130.
2.
2.
7
1
3
3
0
5
4
6
8
6
1
1
Relative0
Rate
0.
1.
1.
0.
-
_
-
1.
1.
1.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
69
11
00
84
51
06
00
85
88
93
39
46
(continued)
-------
Table 5-2 (cont'd.)
State and
o
County Code Cancer
(City) Type Race
Iberville, LA 2 White
(cont'd.) Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
22121
W. Baton Rouge, 1 White
LA Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhlfe
3 White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
61
48
21
35
2
0
1
3
15
7
230
227
6
4
29
27
3
13
Male
Death
Rate
46.0
40.1
16.7
27.8
1.3
0
0.9
2.5
11.9
5.7
173.7
189.6
11.2
6.9
54.3
49.2
6.2
19.9
Sex
Female
Relative0
Rate
1.21
1.09
0.94
1.01
1.56
0
0.23
0.94
1.76
1.13
1.00
1.03
2.17
1.00
1.43
1.34
0.35
0.73
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
8
8
_
-
_
-
1
1
3
10
146
156
2
2
3
6
_
-
Death
Rate
5.7
5.4
__
-
_
-
0.7
0.8
1.9
7.0
102.5
113.1
3.9
3.2
5.7
10.0
_
-
Relative0
Rate
0.91
0.86
_
-
-
-
0.35
0.56
0.79
2.30
0.79
0.81
0.73
0.70
0.91
1.59
_
-
(continued)
-------
Table 5-2 (cont'd.)
C |- a •- & onH
D Ca LtJ anCl
County Code
(City)
W. Baton Rouge,
(cont'd.)
Baton Rouge Area
Average (Iberville,
W. Baton Rouge, and
E. Baton Rouge
Parishes)
a
Cancer
Type
4
5
6
All
1
2
3
4
5
Race
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
1
0
3
2
3
3
101
93
51
42
489
198
130
154
14
2
33
17
Male
Death
Rate
1.3
0
5.6
2.9
6.3
5.0
191.1
159.3
4.9
6.9
*
45.2
31.7
16.0
25.0
0.8
0.2
2.8
2.7
Sex
Female
Relative0 Total Deaths
Rate
1,57
0
1.45
1.05
0.93
0.99
1.10
0.86
0.95
1.11
1.19
0.86
0.90
0.91
0.93
0.67
0.71
1.01
Per 20 Years
-
1
0
3
3
67
89
44
33
82
43
_
-
-
35
10
Death
Rate
-
1.8
0
5.8
4.5
119.0
151.7
3.5
4.3
6.2
5.7
_
-
-
2.7
1.4
Relative0
Rate
-
0.90
0
2.43
1.48
0.91
1.09
0.66
0.95
i
0.99
0.91
-
-
1.35
0.97
(continued)
-------
Table 5-2 (cont'd.)
Sex
Male
Female
oudLe auu
County Code
(City)
Baton Rouge Area
Average (cont'd.)
Cancer
Type
6
All
Race
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
1
1
77
45
,840
,110
Death
Rate
8.'5
7.3
177.0
177.2
Relative0
Rate
1.25
1.44
1.02
0.96
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
30
27
1,513
927
Death
Rate
2.5
3.6
113.7
129.0
Relative0
Rate
1.04
1.18
0.87
0.92
aSource: US Cancer Mortality by County 1950-1969, DREW (NIH) 74-615. Code for Cancer Types: 1 = liver;
2 = trachea, lung, bronchi, etc.; 3 = prostate; 4 = testis; 5 = kidney; 6 = bladder and other urinary
organs; All = all malignant neoplasms.
bDeath Rate is the average annual-adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 calculated for the 20-year
period. For average of several counties, the sum of the total deaths divided by death rate for each
county was divided by the sum of the total deaths for all counties.
°Relative Rate is the County death rate divided by the national death rate for a cancer site.
-------
Table 5-3. CANCER MORTALITY FOR NORTHEAST NEW JERSEY STUDY AREA 1950-1969
Ln
State and
County Code
(City)
34003
Bergen, NJ
(Rutherford)
34013
Essex, NJ
(Newark)
Male
Cancer3 Total Deaths Death
Type Race Per 20 Years Rate
1 White
Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
1 White
Nonwhite
365
14
3,090
92
1,026
11
56
1
307
1
531
8
12,863
373
536
69
5.8
9.8
46.4
67.3
18.6
29.6
o'.a
0.5
4.6
0.5
8.9
6.7
202.1
281.4
6.7
6.4
Sex
Relative0
Rate
1.12
1.42
1.22
1.84
1.04
1.08
0.96
1.67
1.19
0.19
1.31
1.33
1.16
1.53
1.30
0.93
Female
Total Deaths Death
Per 20 Years Rate
438
11
570
20
_
-
_
-
197
0
246
3
11,894
344
551
48
5.5
6.8
7.0
10.7
_
-
-
2.5
0
3.1
2.0
148.1
192.2
5.4
3.9
c
Relative
Rate
1.03
1.48
1.11
1.71
_
-
-
1.26
0
1.30
0.65
1.14
1.37
1.01
0.86
(continued)
-------
Table 5-3 (cont'd.)
State and
County Code
(City)
Essex, NJ
(cont'd,)
34023
Middlesex, NJ
(Edison, Fords)
a
Cancer
Type Race
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
1 White
Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
3,697
547
1,381
229
69
7
366 :
33
829
57
16,975
2,385
199
4
1,665
76
455
27
Male
Deathb
Rate
44.7
48.1
19.0
27.5
0.9
0.6
4.5
2,9
10.9
5.6
215.1
219.2
6.8
3.3
54.5
70.7
17.9
33.9
Sex
Female
Relative0
Rate
1.18
1.31
1.07
1.00
1.08
2.00
1.17
1.09
1.61 '
1.11 '
1.24
1.19
1.32
0.48
1.43
1.93
1.00
1.24
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
712
107
-
—
_
-
204
30
272
50
15,258
2,155
224
8
230
11
_
-
Death
Rate
7.2
7.6
-
—
_
-
2.1
1.9
2.6
4.3
154.5
1-54.6
6.6
8.7
6.6
10.7
—
-
Relative0
Rate
1.14
1.21
-
—
_
-
1.06
1.34
1.09
1.41
1.19
1.11
1.24
1.90
1.05
1.71
_
-
(continued)
-------
Table 5-3 (cont'd.)
State and
County Code
(City)
Middlesex, NJ
(cont'd.)
34031
Passaic, NJ
(Clifton,
Rutherford)
o
Cancer
Type Race
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
1 White
Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
24
1
149
4
230
10
6,556
282
227
9
1,835
103
591
36
35
2
178
7
Male
Death
Rate
0.6
1.0
4.7
4.0
8.4
11.5
220.8
279.0
5.9
7.0
46.3
79.2
16.6
36.4
0.9
1.1
4.6
4.5
Sex
Female
Relative0
Rate
0.72
3.33
1.22
0.15
1.24
2.28
1.27
1.51
1.41
1.01
1.22
2.16
0.93
1.33
1.08
3.67
1.19
1.69
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
-
83
1
92
1
5,251
223
253
8
327
15
_
-
_
-
125
6.
Death
Rate
_
—
2.4
0.9
2.8
1.2
149.2
208.2
5.6
6.2
7.2
7.8
_
-
__
-
2.8
4.3
Q
Relative
Rate
_
—
1.21
0.63
1.17
0.39
1.15
1.49
1.05
1.35
1.14
1.24
_
-
_
-
1.41
3.03
(continued)
-------
Table 5-3 (cont'd.)
00
State and
County Code
(City)
34039
Union, NJ
(Elizabeth)
NE New Jersey
Average (Bergen,
Essex, Middlesex,
Passaic, Somerset
and Union Coun-
ties)
o
Cancer
Type Race
1 White
Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
1 White
Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
235
16
1,811
123
682
• 76
38
3
218
15
369
10
8,311
620
1,616
112
12,634
960
Male
Death
Rate
5.8
6.1
42.0
48.8
19.3
39.0
0.8
0.7
5.2
5.3
9.9
4.7
203.4
252.2
6.1
6.5
46.0
53.5
Sex
Female
Relative0
Rate
1.12
0.88
1.11
1.33
1.08
1.42
0.96
2.33
1.35
1.97
1.46
0.93
1.17
1.37 •
1.19
0.94
1.21
1.46
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
295
23
354
29
—
-
_
-
114
9
141
15
7,757
534
1,821
106
2,306
184
Death
Rate
5.8
7.0
6.9
10.1
—
—
_
—
2.3
2.7
2.8
4.8
151.6
166.3
5.6
5.4
7.1
8.4
Q
Relative
Rate
1.09
1.53
1.10
1.61
-
—
_
-
1.16
1.90
1.17
1.57
1.17
1.19
1.05
1.17
1.12
1.33
CcOTXi
-------
Table 5-3 (cont'd.)
State and
County Code
(City)
Passaic, NJ
(cont'd. )
34035
Somerset, NJ
(Bound Brook)
o
Cancer
Type Race
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
1 White
Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhi te
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
331
9
7,981
355
54
0
536
19
160
8
11
0
53
1
84
2
2,151
74
Male
Death
Rate
9.0
9.7
209.5
271.5
4.5
0
44.2
63.7
15.7
30.0
0.8
0
4.3
1.6
7.9
5.6
182.8
226.9
Sex
Female
Relative0
Rate
1.33
1.92
1.20
1.47
0.87
0
1.16
1.74
0.88
1.10
0.96
0
1.21
0.60
1.17
1.11
1.05
1.23
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
121
9
6,631
302
60
5
113
2
_
-
_
-
31
0
41
0
1,820
66
Death
Rate
2.7
6.2
141.8
182.7
4.7
18.6
8.6
8.8
_
-
_
-
2.4
0
3.0
0
135.7
228.5
Relative0
Rate
1.13
2.03
1.14
1.31
0.88
4.05
1.37
1.40
_
-
_
-
1.21
0
1.26
0
1.04
1.63
(continued)
-------
Table 5-3 (cont'd.)
State and
County Code
(City)
NE New Jersey
Average (cont'd.)
Cancer"
Type
3
4
5
6
All
Race
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
4,295
387
233
14
1,271
62
2,374
96
54,837
4,089
Male
Deathb
Rate
18.3
30.5
0.8
0.7
4.7
3.2
9.0
6.1
208. 5
236.2
Sex
Female
Relative0
Rate
1.03
1.11
0'. 98
2.25
1.21
1.20
1.33
1.21
1.20
1.28
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
-
_
-
754
46
913
78
48,611
3,624
Death
Rate
-
_
-
2.4
2.1
2.8
4.2
150.2
165.0
Relative
Rate
-
_
-
1.19
1.50
1.17
. 1.38
1.15
1.18
Source: US Cancer Mortality by County 1950-1969, DHEW (NItt) 74-615. Code for Cancer Types: 1 = liver;
2 = trachea, lung, bronchi, etc.; 3 = prostate; 4 = testis; 5 = kidney; 6 = bladder and other urinary
organs; All = all malignant neoplasms.
Death Rate is the average annual age-adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 calculated for the 20-year
period. For average of several counties, the sum of the total deaths divided by death rate for each
county was divided by the sum of the total deaths for all counties*
t
"Relative Rate is the County death rate by the national death rate for a cancer site.
-------
Table 5-4. CANCER MORTALITY FOR THE BUFFALO-NIAGARA, NY STUDY AREA
State and
County Code
(City)
36029
Erie, NY
(Buffalo)
36063
Niagara, NY
(Niagara
Falls)
Q
Cancer
Type
1
2
3
4
5
6
All
1
2
Race
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
530
43
4,531
300
1,491
3
99
1
438
21
874
19
18,959
1,087
105
4
922
24
Male
Death
Rate
5.8
9.6
47.8
61.5
17.8
41.6
1.0
.1
4.6
4.2
9.9
3.9
207.0
237.0
5.3
8.5
45.5
51.3
Sex
Female
Relative
Rate
1.12
1.39
1.26
1.68
1.00
1.52
1.20
0.33
1.19
1.14
1.46
0.77
1.19
1.29
1.03
1.23
1.20
1.40
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
648
17
631
42
_
-
„
-
239
14
333
23
15,598
797
130
0
145
1
Death
Rate
5.9
3.4
5.8
8.1
_
—
_.
-
2.2
2.6
3.0
5.2
142.3
161.2
5.9
0
6.6
3.2
Relative0
Rate
1.10
0.74
0.92
1.29
—
—
__
-
1.11
1.83
1.26
1.70
1.09
1.15
1.10
0
1.05
0.5
(continued)
-------
Table 5-4 (cont'd.)
N>
State and
County Code
(City)
Niagara, NY
(cont ' d. )
Buffalo/Niagara
Average (Erie
and Niagara
Counties)
Male
Cancer3 Total Deaths Death
Type Race Per 20 Years Rate
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
1 White
Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
282
9
24
0
79
1
155
0
3,635
76
635
47
5,453
324
1,773
12
15.6
29.1
1.1
0
4.0
4.1
8.2
0
,; 184.2
182.1
5.7
9.5
47.4
60.6
17.4
31.5
Sex
Relative0
Rate
0.87
1.06
1.33
0
1.04
1.54
1.21
0
1.06
0.99
1.11
1.37
1.25
1.65
0.98
1.15
Female
b c
Total Deaths Death Relative
Per 20 Years Rate Rate
-
-
43
2
64
1
3,008
57
778
17
776
43
-
-
-
2.0
1.8
2.9
2.4
135.8
143.5
5.9
3.4
5.9
7.8
-
-
-
1.00
1.27
1.21
0.8
1.04
1.03
1.10
0.74
0.94
1.24
-
(continued)
-------
Table 5-4 (cont'd.)
CO
State and
County Code
(City)
Buffalo/Niagara
Average
(cont'd.)
Cancer
Type
4
5
6
All
Race
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
123
1
517
22
1,029
19
22,594
1,163
Male
V,
Death
Rate
1.0
0.1
4.5
4.2
9.6
3.9
203.0
232.4
Sex
Female
Relative Total Deaths
Rate
1.23
0.3
1.17
1.57
1.42
0.77
1.17
1.26
Per 20 Years
-
282
16
397
24
18,606
854
K
Death
Rate
-
2.2
2.5
3.0
5.0
141.2
159.9
£
Relative
Rate
_
-
1.09
1.73
1.25
1.63
1.08
1.14
Source: US Cancer Mortality by County 1950-1969, DHEW (NIH) 74-615. Code for Cancer Types: 1 - liver;
2 = trachea, lung, bronchi, etc.; 3 = prostate; 4 = testis; 5 = kidney; 6 = bladder and other urinary
organs; All = all malignant neoplasms.
Death Rate is the average annual age-adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 calculated for the 20-year
period. For average of several counties, the sura of the total deaths divided by death rate for each
county was divided by the sum of the total deaths for all counties.
^Relative Rate is the County death rate by the national death rate for a cancer site.
-------
Table 5-5. CANCER MORTALITY FOR GREENSBORO, NC STUDY AREA
N>
State and
County Code
(City)
37081
Guilford, NC
(Greensboro)
rj
Cancer
Type Race
1 White
Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
11
5
472
118
216
92
10
0
50
9
48
25
2,018
618
Male
Death
Rate
2.9
2.8
33.6
36.1
19.3
36.9
.5
0
3.4
2.9
3.8
9.0
148.4
202.1
Sex
Female
Relative0
Rate
0.56
0.41
0.88
0.98
1.08
1.35
0.60
0
0.88
1.09
0.56
1.78
0.85
1.10
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
17
3
93
21
-
-
35
3
39
11
2,004
545
Death
Rate
3.5
1.3
5.2
5.8
-
-
2.0
.6
2.4
2.8
113.6
140,3
Relative0
Rate
0.66
0.3
.0.83
0.93
-
-
1.00
0.4
1.00
0.92
0.87
1.00
3Source: US Cancer Mortality by County 1950-1969, DHEW (NIH) 74-615. Code for Cancer Types: 1 = liver;
2 = trachea, lung, bronchi, etc.; ? = prostate; 4 = testis; 5 = kidney; 6 = bladder and other urinary
organs; All = all malignant neoplasms.
''Death Rate is the average annual age-adjusted mortality rate per 100,000 calculated for the 20-year
period. For average of several counties, the sum of the total deaths divided by death rate for each
county was divided by the sum of the total deaths for all counties.
-------
Table 5-6. CANCER MORTALITY FOR THE HOUSTON, TX STUDY AREA
tn
State and
County Code
(City)
48201
Harris, TX
(Houston)
a
Cancer
Type Race
1 White
Nonwhite
2 White
Nonwhite
3 White
Nonwhite
4 White
Nonwhite
5 White
Nonwhite
6 White
Nonwhite
All White
Nonwhite
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
391
160
3,684
726
939
388
78
3
255
64
408
109
12,286
3,183
Male
Death
Rate
6.1
10.0
53.5
44.4
18.9
30.1
0.8
0.2
3.7
3.6
7.4
7.4
188.5
203.8
Sex
Female
c
Relative
Rate
1.18
1.45
1.41
1.21
1.06
1.10
0.96
0.7
0.96
1.35
1.09
1.47
1.08
1.11
Total Deaths
Per 20 Years
321
94
713
123
_
-
_
-
165
28
169
53
10,014
2,553
Death
Rate
4.3
5.4
8.8
7.0
_
-
_
-
2.1
1.4
2.3
3.1
124.2
139.5
c
Relative
Rate
0.80
1.18
1.40
1.12
_
-
_
-•
1.06
0.99
0.90
1.02
0.95
1.00
Source: US Cancer Mortality by County 1950-1969, DHEW (NTH) 74-615. Code for Cancer Types: 1 = liver;
2 = trachea, lung, bronchi, etc.; 3 = prostate; 4 = testis; 5 = kidney; 6 = bladder and other urinary
organs; All = all malignant neoplasms.
Death Rate is the average annual age-adjusted morality rate per 100,000 calculated for the 20-year
period. For average of several counties, the sum of the total deaths divided by death rate for each
county was divided by the sum of the total deaths for all counties.
"Relative Rate is the County death rate by the national death rate for a cancer site.
-------
Similarly, for counties and cancers in which several thousand deaths were
reported, a small deviation from 100 may be significant. The significance
of the data (and therefore the applicability to this project) will be calcu-
lated during the data analysis phase.
26
-------
SECTION 6
POTENTIAL SOURCES OF HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS
In order to plan the sampling strategy, it is important to know as
much as possible about the potential sources of halogenated compounds. To
this end, all available resources have been used to obtain data on halogena-
ted organic compound manufacturers, users, and disposal facilities. As
discussed below, the information is far from comprehensive. Realizing the
limitations of the data, RTI feels it can make an intelligent selection of
sampling sites with the data now in hand concerning the potential sources
of halogenated hydrocarbons.
MANUFACTURING LOCATIONS
The known halogenated hydrocarbon manufacturing locations are listed
in Tables 6-1 - 6-4. No halogenated hydrocarbon manufacturing locations
have been found in Greensboro, NC. In addition to the sources of data
listed in the footnotes to the tables, data obtained in previous contracts,
contacts with EPA, state, and local officials, and chamber of commerce
literature have been used to augment and verify the data.
NEW JERSEY AIR EMISSIONS DATA
Airborne plant emission data were obtained from Dr. Jehuda Menczel,
Air Facilities Branch, EPA, Region II, New York, for several plants in New
Jersey which represent potential study sites. The raw data were evaluated
and summarized by RTI:
Pentasote (Passaic) manufactures polyvinyl chloride and was reported
to emit 500 tons/year VCM (11/78 = 50 T/yr).
Givaudan (Clifton) had only ethylene dichloride (^1.2 T/yr) as a
significant emission, so it probably does not represent a good study site.
Tenneco (Fords) reportedly emits chlorotoluene, dibromopropanol, and
dibromopropylphosphate. Since this is a batch operation, deciphering the
emission rates was not possible.
27
-------
Table 6-1. HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON MANUFACTURING LOCATIONS IDENTIFIED FOR
POPULATION DENSITY MAPPING — NORTHERN NEW JERSEY AREA •
Company
Tenneco Chem. Co.
Stauffer
DuPont
GAF
IMC Chem. Co.
(Defunct)0
Prentlss Drug and
Chem. Co.
Troy Chem. Co.
Standard Chlorine
Chem, Co.
Municipality
Fordg
Edison
Linden
(Tremley Pt.)
Linden
Newark
Newark
Newark
Kearney
Compounds Manufactured ,
toxaphene
f enac
2,3,6-trlchlorobenzolc
acid and salts
o-chloro toluene
benzyl chloride
o-chloro toluene
benzyl chloride
methoxychlor
chloroneb
2,4,5-T
propanil
llndane
methoxychlor
chlordane
chloromethoxypropylmercuric acid
dichlorobenzene
trlchlorobenzene
Population
Location Obtained
40.3166°N, 74.3223°W
(40"31'00°, 74°19 20")
40.4905°N, 71.3873'W
(40° 29 '26", 74°23'1V)
40.5959'N, 74.2042°H
40.6137°N, 74.2139°U X
40.7816'N, 74.1446°\l X
40.7186°N, Ti.l4i,0°V X
40.7506'N, 7A.1068°W X
Population
Radius
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
UOPf Inc.
E. Rutherford chloro-(£-chlorophenyl)phenyl-
methane
(o-chlorophenyl)acetonitrile
chlorodlphenylmethane
ct-chlorotol uene
cihnamoyl chloride
proplonyl chloride
trlmedlure
o^-chlorotoluene (user)
benzyl chloride (user)
40.8302'N, 74,0887*W
(continued)
-------
Table 6-1 (cont'd.)
Company
Municipality*
Compounds Manufactured
Location
Population
Hap
Obtained
Population
lUdlus
UD
American Cyanamid
Merck
White Chem. Co.
W. A. CJeary Corp.
Clvaudan
Coaan Clteut. Co.
Blue Spruce Co.
Hercules, Inc.
1CI United States,
Inc.
Chevron
KlnBuc Dump
(rloued)
Bound Brook
Railway
Bsyonne
Somerset
Cllfcon
Clifton
bound Brook
Parlln
Bayonne
S. Plalnfleld
Edison
chloroform (user)
ethylene dlchlorlde (user)
chlorobenzene (user)
trichlorobenzene (user)
chloroform (user)
methylene chloride (usar)
62 HliC's listed Including;
acid chlorides
alkyl chlorides
alkyl bromides
and fire retardanta
MCPP (mecroprop)
hexachlorophene
"halogenated organlcs"
propanil
3,4-dichloroanillne
l,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene
chlorinated parafflna
chlorinated paraffins
aa led
40.5576"M, 7
(40*33'27"N, 74°33'14MW)
40.6U9°N, 74.2719°U
(40°36'43"N, 74°16'19"W)
10.6520^, 74.1125"W
40.8312"N, 7
40.8322°N, 74.1053°W
(continued)
-------
Table 6-1 (cont'd.)
Company
Halocarbon Pro-
ducts Corp.
Municipality"
Hackensack
Compounds Mamif actured
bromotrlf luoroethylene
chlorodlf lueroacetlc actd
Pop itlat Ion
Map
Location Obtained
Population
Radlua
chlorotrlfluoroethylene
tetrachlorohexafluorobutane
trichloroheptafluorobutane
trifluoroacetic acid
trlfluoroacetlc anhydride
trlf liiorocthanol
trlfluoropropone
ttIfluoropropene
Sources of data include: 1. 1977 Directory of Chemical Producers - USA, Chemical Information
Services, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA 94025.
2. Personal communication, D. K. Oestreich, EPA, IERL, RTP, NC 27711.
locations obtained from plant sites on USGS 7 1/2 minute quadrange maps. Plants located through
prior RTI experience or contacts with local officials.
° °Source: A. Thornton, NJ Board of Air Pollution.
-------
Table 6-2. HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON MANUFACTURING LOCATIONS IDENTIFIED FOR POPULATION DENSITY
MAPPING — BATON ROUGE AREA
Company Municipality
Clba-Celgy St. Gabriel
Ethyl Baton Rouge
Allied, North baton Rouge
Allied, South Baton Rouge
Herculea Plaquemlne
Dou Plaquemlne
Sources of data include:
Compounds Manufactured
liexachlorobutadiene
ch lo rod Ime Corn
atrazlne
slmazlne
trlchloroethylene (50)
1,1,1-trlchloroethane (40)
1,2-dichloroethane (330)
tetrachloroethylene (50)
vinyl chloride (330)
1,2-dichloroethane (300)
vinyl chloride (300)
dlallfor
1,2-dichloroethane (450)
etrachloroethylene (150)
Inylldfne chloride
inyl chloride (450)
, 2 , 3-trlchloropropene
, 2-dichloropropane
methylene chloride
Population
Hap
Location Obtained
30.440°N, 91.0968°U
30.4968°N, 91. 1814 °W
(30°29'48", 91°19'53")
30.4954'M, 91.1881°U
39.4742°N, 91.1B70°W
(30°28'27", 91*11'13")
30.2679°N, 90.5315'U
30. 3179°N. 91.2324°W
1. 1977 Directory of Chemical Producers - USA,
Services, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo
2. Personal communication, D. K. Oestreich, EPA
X
X
X
X
X
X
Population
Radlua
10
5
5
5
10
10
Chemical Information
Park, CA 94025.
, IERL, RTP, NC 27711.
Locations obtained from plant sites on USGS 7 1/2 minute quadrange maps. Plants located through
prior RTI experience or contaccs with local officials.
'Midwest Research Institute, "Sampling and Analysis of Selected Toxic Substances, Task B.
Hexachlorobutadiene" EPA 560/6-76-015, June 1976.
-------
Table 6-3. HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON MANUFACTURING LOCATIONS IDENTIFIED FOR POPULATION DENSITY
MAPPING — BUFFALO/NIAGARA AREA
Population
Company3 Municipality" Compounds Manufactured3 Location*5 Obtained Radius
Occidental Petroleum Niagara Falls c«-cliIorotoluene 43.0790°N 79 0106°W
Corp., Hooker Chem. £-chlorotoluene
subsId. I»2,4-trlchlorobenzene
1,2,3-trlchlorobenzene
pentachlorobenzene
lindane
one
dlenochlor
mi rex
endosulfan
glytac (EGT)
c>-chlorobenzald«hyde
£-chlorobenzaldehyde
o-chlarobenzolc acid
ra-chlorobenzoyl chloride
c>-, m-, j>~chloro-ata,a-trlfluoro-
toluene
CO 2,4-dlchlorobenzotrifluoride
^ 2,4-dlchlorobenzotrichloride
2,4-dichlorotoluene
hexachlorocyclopentadlene
isophthaloyl chloride
tcrephtbnloyl chloride
ava^a-trlchlorotoluene
a,a,a-trlfluorotoluene
chlorotrlfluoroetliylene, poly-
merized
1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachloro-5-nor-
borncne-2,3-dlcarboxyllc acid
ICC Industrie, Niagara Falls chlorobenzene 43.0800°N, 79.0232°W
Inc. Solvent Chem, o-f m-, £-dlchlorobenzene
Corp., subs Id, trichlorobenzene
-------
Table 6-3 (cont'd.)
OJ
Company Municipality Compounds Manufactured
Goodyear Tire and Niagara Falls polyvinyl chloride
Rubber Co., resins
Chemicals Dlv.
Old Love Canal0 Niagara Falls C
S Area Dump Niagara Falls c
102nd St. Uumpd Niagara Falls c
Hyde Park Dump Niagara Falls C
Buffalo Color Corp. Buffalo dyes
(formerly Allied
Chemical Co.
DuPont, Plastics Buffalo fluorocarbon resins
Products and
Resins Department
Populat ion
Map
Location Obtained
43.0859°N.
(43°05'09",
43.0776°N,
(43°04'39",
43. 0762 °H.
(43.04*34",
43.0732*N.
(43°04'24",
43.1323°N.
(43°07'56"t
42.8699°N,
(42°52'12"N
42.9642°N,
79.0023°W
79°00'08")
78.9499°W
78"57'00")
79. 0064 °W
79°00'23")
78.9481'W
78°56'53")
79.0393'W
79°02'21")
78.8437°W
, 78°50'37"U)
78.9177°W
Population
Radius
5
5
3
5
aSources of data include: 1. 1977 Directory of Chemical Producers - USA, Chemical Information
Services, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA 94025.
2. Personal communication, D. K. Oestreich, EPA, IERL, RTF, NC 27711.
Locations obtained from plant sites on USGS 7 1/2 minute quadrangle maps. Plants located through
prior RTI experience or contacts with local officials.
Industrial Waste Disposal Area.
Source: Assessment of the Extent of Environmental Problems Posed by Hooker Chemical Dumps in
Niagara Falls, New York and Estimated Cleanup Costs by F. C. Haut, Assoc., New York, December
11, 1978.
-------
Table 6-4. IIALOGENATED HYDROCARBON MANUFACTURING LOCATIONS IDENTIFIED FOR POPULATION DENSITY
MAPPING — HOUSTON AREA
Company
Ethyl Corp.
Shell Chem. Co.
Diamond Shamrock
Pearsall Chem. Corp.
Chemetron
Mobay Chem. Corp.
Upjohn
Rollins Environ-
mental
DuPont
Municipality8
Pasadena
Deer Park
Deer Park
taPorte
LaPorte
Cedar Bayou
LaPorte
Deer Park
LaPorte
Compounds Manufactured '
vinyl chloride
1,2-dlchloroethane
chloroethane
vinyl chloride
eplchlorohydrin
ethylene dlchlorlde
3-chloropropene
cbloroethane
1, 3-dlchloropropene
lt 2-dlchloropropane
1,2, 3-trlchloropropane
1 , 2-d Ichloroe thane
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorinated paraffins (20)
phosgene
chloroformate esters
phosgene
phosgene
d
bromacll
dluron
llnuron
maneb
monuron
slduron
terbacll
neburon
Population
Map Population
Location0 Obtained Radius
29.7«05°N, 95.1694°W X 5
29.7149'N, 95.1235°W X 5
(29°42'5V, 95°07'25")
29.7296"N, 95.1109°W X 5
29.7196°N, 95.0870"W X 5
29.7305°N, 95.0952°W X 5
29. 7001 °N, 95.0366°W X 5
(continued)
-------
Table 6-4 (cont'd.)
CO
u\
Company
Union Carbide
Pet rotex
Gulf Cliemlcal
Municipality"
Texas City
Houston
Texau City
Compounds Manufactured '
1,2-dichloroeflinne (150)
1 , 1 ,2-trlchloroethane
1.4-dlchlorobut-2-ene
3,4-dichlorobut-l-ene
Location
29.3722-N,
(29.22'20".
29.7010°N,
(29°42'04",
29.3569-N,
c
94.
95.
95
94.
9444"U
°51'40")
2564 °W
°15'23")
9417"W
Population
Map
Obtained
X
X
X
Population
Radius
3
3
3
Sources of data include: 1. 1977 Directory of Chemical Producers - USA, Chemical Information
Services, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA 94025.
2. Personal communication, D. K. Oestreich, EPA, IERL, RTF, NC 27711.
Numbers In parenthesis are annual production capacity - millions of pounds.
°Locations obtained from plant sites on USGS 7 1/2 minute quadrange maps. Plants located through
prior RTI experience or contacts with local officials.
Waste disposal facility.
-------
Hoffman LaRoche (Nutley) uses a large volume of solvents such as methy-
lene chloride and halogenated intermediates. The emissions profile here is
similar to that of Merck, so it was not included as a preliminary site.
Merck (Rahway) was reported to have low level emissions of some chlorina-
ted aromatics and other halogenated intermediates. However, two solvents,
chloroform (10.7 T/yr) and methylene chloride (742 T/yr), were reported to be
emitted in large quantities.
Ciba-Geigy (Summit) reportedly has only very low emissions of some
organic intermediates. Thus, it is an unsuitable site.
Toms River Chemical (Toms River) was reported to emit a variety of
chlorinated aromatics at low levels as well as epichlorohydrin (5635-36
Ib/yr). These emissions are significant, but discussions with Region II
personnel indicated that there is no human population near the plant site,
so this site does not appear to be suitable for this study.
American Cyanamid (Bound Brook) was reported to emit a variety of halo-
genated organics, most notably chloroform (35 T/yr), ethylene di-hloride
(24 T/yr), chlorobenzene (16 T/yr), and trichlorobenzenes (8.4 T/yr). These
high levels, coupled with reportedly (Region II personnel) high nearby
population, make this a prime candidate as a study site.
Chevron (S. Plainfield) is merely a pesticide formulator. Their emis-
sions are reportedly confined to particulate and petroleum fraction solvents.
This site does not appear to be suitable for this study.
OTHER POTENTIAL EMISSION SOURCES
In addition to the manufacturing facilities listed in Tables 6-1 - 6-4
and the other miscellaneous sources discussed above, there are a number of
other important sources of halogenated organics. Dry cleaners use halogenated
solvents (generally trichloroethylene or 1,1,1-trichloroethan.e) in their
processes and may be suspected of high emissions due to poor controls and
practice. This source is especially important in that dry cleaning .establish-
ments are often located in or near residential areas. Information about dry
cleaning activities in the sampling sites should be collected during field
activities. Various industries use halogenated solvents for degreasing
metal parts and similar uses. Information on these users and potential
emissions does not appear to be available. A wide range of other industries
36
-------
could use (and emit) halogenated solvents, including pharmaceutical formula-
tors, manufacturers of synthetic organic chemicals, cleaning product manufac-
turers, flavor and fragrance industries, textile processing plants, spice
extractors, rubber industry, and polymers. The emissions from these indus-
tries, as discussed for some potential New Jersey sampling sites (vida
supra), can be significant. However, information on the users and, more
importantly, their emissions is lacking.
The population at the study sites is also potentially exposed to a
variety of pesticides (herbicides, fungicides, fumigants, insecticides,
etc.) applied indoors and outdoors in residences, commercial establishments,
and at work. There is no way to anticipate these sources. Potential
exposure from these sources may be determined only from the study question-
naire administered during field sampling.
In addition to industrial use, transfer and disposal could potentially
emit significant amounts of halogenated organics. The known industrial
waste disposal sites have been included in Tables 6-1 - 6-4.
Finally, domestic uses of halogenated organics in cleaning, hobbies,
etc., must be recognized. The levels of exposure will be ascertained from
the study questionnaire during field sampling.
37
-------
SECTION 7
MEASUREMENT OF HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
INTRODUCTION
Figure 4-1 presented the general scheme of this research program. In
order to determine which halogenated hydrocarbons might contribute to a health
impact on the human population, it has been necessary to acquire information
concerning the potential sources of halogenated hydrocarbons as well as to
provide some measurements of the environment. It is the intent of this section
to provide information which has been acquired under this as well as other
research programs on measured levels of halogenated hydrocarbons. These data
are needed not only to ascertain which halogenated hydrocarbons ^^e most impor-
tant for study, based on their prevalence and magnitude of occurrence, but to
assist in selecting the sites within the five geographical areas for comparison.
The information presented in this-section was obtained by consulting the
open literature, and by conducting a pilot study. Primary emphasis was given
to ambient air and drinking water as part of the environmental samples acquired
and analyzed under this program while the levels of halogenated organic compounds
found in other environmental media were obtained through consulting previously
reported information.
HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN FOOD AND HUMAN TISSUE IN THE UNITED STATES FOOD
Table 7-1 presents the level of halogenated organic compounds which have
been found in food in the United States. The predominant halogenated hydrocar-
bons are DDT, DDE, DDD, and PCB's in fish and shell fish. Average concentrations
were 2-400 ppb for DDD, DDE, and DDT. Somewhat lower PCB concentrations have
been reported. Many other halogenated hydrocarbons (pesticides) have also been
detected in food but only at trace levels. Thus it appears the most important
compounds which should be considered for monitoring under phase II might be
DDT, DDE, DDD, and PCB's in food.
38
-------
Table 7-1. LEVELS OF HALOGENATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FOUND IN FOOD
IN THE UNITED STATES
LO
l-D
Chealcul Food Type
DOE seal fat
sea duck meat
bivalves
Crustacea
benthlc fish
pelagic fish
sugar beet pulp
dairy products
potatoes
leafy vegetables
root vegetables
garden fruits
oils, fats, shortening
ODD bivalves
Crustacea
benclilc fish
pelagic fish
DDT seal Cat
bivalves
Crustacea
benthlc fish
pelagic fish
sugarbeet pulp
dairy products
meat, fish, poultry
potatoes
leafy vegetables
root vegetables
garden fruits
oils, fats, shortening
sugars and adjuncts
Cone. Mean"
(ppb)
105
4
510
840
450
450
<10
2
1
1
1
T
T
360
120
140
170
19
130
40
410
380
<10
T
6
T
T
6
T
T
T
Cone, range
(ppb)
410-570
670-920
270-700
290-650
N.D.e-160
T-12
T-5
T-6
N.D.-14
T-12
280-480
40-330
50-250
110-240
110-170
N.D.-80
250-590
190-550
N.D.-50
T-15
T-15
Number of
Determinations
1
1
34
47
84
96
114
30
30
30
30
30
30
34
47
84
96
1
34
47
84
96
114
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
Location
Hooper Bay, AK
Hooper Day, AK
N.
N.
N
N.
N.
N
N
N
H.
.U.
.U.
.U.
.U.
.U.
.U.
.U.
Atlantic
Atlantic
Atlantic
Atlantic
Atlantic
Atlantic
Atlantic
Atlantic
Hooper Bay, AK
N
N.
N
N.
.U.
.U.
.U.
.w.
Atlantic
Atlantic
Atlantic
Atlantic
Reference
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7,
7.
7.
7.
7 ,
7
7,
7.
7
7.
7
7
7
7
7,
7.
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
.4
4
.4
.4
.4
.4
, 2
,2
.2
,2
.1
,2
,2
.2
.2
.3
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
(continued)
-------
Table 7-1 (cont'd.)
Chemical
PCD'S
Toxaphene
Ferthane
Pentachlorophenol
Dleldrln
Dicofol
Endosulfan
Food Type
bivalves
crnstacea
benthic ftsh
pelagic fish
dairy products
meat, fish poultry
potatoes
oils, fats, shortening
sugarbeet piilp
leafy vegetables
fruits
gelatin
dairy producte
leguminous vegetables
sugars and adjuncts
sugar beet pulp
dairy products
meat, fish, poultry
potatoes
leafv vegetables
leguminous vegetables
garden fruits
fruits
oils, fats, shortening
oysters
fruits
potatoes
leafy vegetables
garden fruits
fruits
Cone . Mean
(ppb)
16
46
61
700
T
T
T
T
<30
44
2
26
T
10
3
<10
2
4
1
T
T
3
T
T
7
2
1
19
T
T
Cone, range
(ppb)
2-51
14-70
6-600
46-9700
N.D.-340
13-20
N.D.-6.4
T-10
1-20
N.D.-10
T-5
1-10
T-7
T-12
T-4
T-44
T-15
T-4 39
T-2
T-7
Number of
Determinat Jons Location
34 N.W. Atlantic
47 N.W. Atlantic
84 N.W. Atlantic
96 N.W. Atlantic
30
30
30
30
114
30
30
4
30
30
30
114
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
Reference
7.2
7.2
7.2
7.2
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.3
7.4
7.4
7.5
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.3
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
(continued)
-------
Table 7-1 (cont'd.)
Chenlcal
Llndane
Aldi In
Endrin
lleptachlor epoxlde
BUG
Chlordane
Methoxychlor
Peutachloroanillne
THE
Food Type
dairy products
meat, fish, poultry
potatoes
garden fruits
sugars and adjuncts
garden fruits
potatoes
oysters
dairy products
meat, fish, poultry
potatoes
dairy products
meat, fish, poultry
garden fruits
oils, fats, shortening
sugars and adjuncts
garden fruits
dairy products
oils, fats, shortening
dairy products
meat, fish, poultry
potatoes
leafy vegetables
leguminous vegetables
garden fruits
oils, fats, ahor ten Ing
sugars and adjuncts
Cone. Mean
(ppb)
T
T
1
6
T
Td
T
T
T
T
T
1
T
T
T
T
T
T
3
T
2
T
T
T
1
1
T
b
Cone, range
(ppb)
T-.6
T-3
*
; T-2
T-2
T-2
T-4
T-3
1-2
T-5
T-5
T-2
3-32
T-l
T-ll
T-9
T-21
Number of
Determinations Location
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
Louisiana
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
Reference
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.6
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
.4
(continued)
-------
Table 7-1 (cont'd.)
Chemical
l,2,4,5-Tetrachloro-3-nltrobenzene
Hexachlorobenzene
Phosalone
Polychlorodlbenzo-jj-dloxin
Ronnel
Strobane
Pentachloronltrobenzene
Oc tachlorodlbenzo f uran
Hep tachlorodlbenzof uran
Food Type
meat, fish, poultry
grain and cereal
potatoes
garden fruits
fruits
oils, fats, shortening
dairy products
meat, fish, poultry
root vegetables
oils, fats, shortening
fruits
gelatin
fruits
leguminous vegetables
oils, fats, shortening
gelatin
gelatin
Cone. Mean
(ppb)
1.1
5
7
5
1
T
.6
1
T
1
T
.9
T
T
T
<.4
<•< :
Cone, range Number of
(ppb) Determinations Location
30
30
32-173 30
30
30
30
30
T-41 30
30
T-6 30
^30
N.0.-30 : 7
:30
•30
T-2 30
1
1
Reference
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.5
7.4
7.4
7.4
7.5
7.5
aAs presented in primary reference.
Minimum and maximum values reported in primary references.
*-»
General U.S. unless otherwise indicated.
Trace concentration.
6
Not detected.
-------
Emphasis probably should be given to fish and shellfish since they represent
potential biomagnification in the food chain.
Serum/Blood
The levels of halogenated organic compounds in human serum, plasma and
blood in the United States are given in Table 7-2. Again, as in food, the
predominant pesticides observed were p_,p_'-DDD, o,p_'-DDE, p_,p_'-DDE, DDE,
o,p_'DDT, p_,p_'-DDT, and DDT. Furthermore, (3-BHC and dieldrin levels were
significant. In general, the mean concentrations of pesticides were less
than 50 ppb. Also, higher concentrations of the pesticides are found in
blood than in plasma and serum.
Milk
A number of determinations on the levels of halogenated organic compounds
in human milk have been made and are listed in Table 7-3. The general
trends are similar to those observed in human serum. The concentrations of
pesticides in milk fat were found to be considerably higher than in milk
and often mean concentrations of greater than 100 ppb were observed.
Tissue
Table 7-4 presents the levels of halogenated organic compounds found
in human tissue in the United States. Again, pesticides have been studied
and the general trend is for higher concentrations to be observed in adipose
tissue (fat) as compared to other human tissues. Relatively high concentra-
tions of p-BHC, £,£'-DDE, DDE and £,£f-DDT have been measured. The concen-
trations in adipose tissue are, in general, an order of magnitude greater
than in any case of the other types of human tissue.
Very high concentrations of some pesticides are observed in adipose
tissue with levels exceeding 1 ppm. For the observations reported, the DDE
levels were the highest reaching 7 ppm (mean concentration) with a range
from 440 ppb to 56 ppm.
As in the case of fish and shellfish, bioaccumulation also occurs in
human adipose tissue. Thus, fat appears to be the most significant tissue
to study in this program since it serves as a sink for halogenated hydrocar-
bons and possibly represents a means of backward extrapolation of human
exposure to halogenated hydrocarbons.
43
-------
Table 7-2. LEVELS OF HALOGENATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN HUMAN SERUM, PLASMA AND BLOOD
IN THE UNITED STATES
Compound
d-BHC
3-B11C
Y-BHC
Total BHC
£,£(-DDD
o>,£*-DDE
£,£'-DDE
Sample
Matrix
Serum
Male blood
Female blood
Serum
Blood
Male blood
Female blood
Female plasma
Female serum
Female serum
Male blood
Female blood
Female blood
Serum
Male blood
Female blood
Female plasma
Male blood
Female blood
Serum
Female plasma
Female serum
Female serum
Serum
Serum
Blood
Mean
(ppb)
<0.1
6.0
.2,2
0.1
1.4
1.5
1.4
3.4
1.6
1.7
18.9
7.9
<0.1
0.2
2.2
1.0
<0.1
17.8
8.8
11
13
39.5
40.6
17.6
22
15.7
Range Number of
(ppb) Determinations Location
0-15
1.3-20.3
0.3- 3.5
0-15
S.D.= 0.46
0.5- 8.0
0.7- 1.0
1.4- 9.6
0-10.2
0-2.9
5.7-44.8
3.2-15.0
<0.1
0-27
<0.3- 8.5
<0.3- 2.5
<0.1
6.2-36.7
6.8-10.7
5 -22
5 -20.3
6.1-114
13.2-60.5
-
0-383
S.D.= 6.5
1000
10
10
?
10
10
10
28
7
10
10
10
1000
10
10
10
10
10
38
10
28
7
970
782
?
ID
US
US
ID
FL
US
US
US
TX
Houston, TX
•US
US
US
ID
US
US
US
US
US
Hooper Bay, AK
US
TX
Houston, TX
UT
ID
FL
Reference
7.7, 7.8
7.9
7.9
7.8
7.10
7.9
7.9
7.9
7.7
7.7
7.9
7.9
7.9
7.8
7.9
7.9
7.9
7.9
7.9
7.8
7.9
7.7
7.7
7.13
7.8
7.10
(continued)
-------
Table 7-2 (cont'd.)
Compound
DDE Blood
Plasma
Plasma
Plasma
Plasma
Serum
Serum
Serum,
Serum,
Blood
Sample
Matrix
, white children
, black children
, white adults
, black adults
children
adults
j>,£'-DDT Male blood
Female
Female
blood
plasma
p,p'-DDT Male blood
Female
Female
Serum
Serum
Blood
DDT Blood
Serum
Serum,
Serum,
Serum,
Serum,
Serum
Serum
Serum ,
Serum,
Blood
blood
plasma
white children
black children
uhite adults
black adults
children
adults
Mean
(ppb)
29.
24.
55.
28.
122
15.
13
13.
20.
11.
8.
3.
0
24
13
5
3
4
4.
8.
<2
6.
18.
11.
26.
4.
3
3.
6.
<7.
.
.
.
.
1
6
2
5
7
4
9
3
2
3
7
a
1
3
8
2
18
4
6
5
2
3
2
6
6
0
Range Number of
(ppb) Determinations Location
2 -54
1.4-33.6
1.6- 6.5
0.1- 1.1
6.8-84.4
5.7-19
2.6- 9.5
-
0-42
S.D.- 1.83
_
<2- 3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
37
96
96
119
10
10
10
10
10
10
970
978
?
372
378
96
96
-
-
-
-
-
-
119
Tucson, AR
SC
SC
SC
SC
FL
ID
UT
UT
Miami. FL
US
US
US
US
US
US
UT
ID
FL
Tucson, AR
Hooper Bay, AK
SC
SC
SC
SC
FL
ID
UT
UT
Miami, FL
Reference
7.14
7.15
7.15
7.12,7.
7.12,7.
7.12
7.12
7.12
7.12
7.13.7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.12
7.12
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.13
9
9
11
9
9
11
13
8
10
14
12
15
15
.7.
,7.
12
12
12
12
,7-
15
15
16
15
15
16
(continued)
-------
Table 7-2 (cont'd.)
ON
Sample Mean Range Number of
Compound
Total DDT
Dleldrln
Matrix (ppb) (ppb) Determinations
equlv. Female plasma 20.0 6.8-29.5
Male blood 5.5 1.0-12.9
Female blood 1.8 0.6-4.5
Female plasma 0.3 0.1-1.2
Female serum 1.2 0-6.0
Female serum 1,5 1.3-6.0
Serum 0.9
10
10
10
10
28
7
970
Serum 0.4 0-25 1000
Blood 1.49 S.D.- 1.00
Heptachlor Epoxlde Male blood 2.3 <0. 3-12.0
Female blood 2.2 0.5-5.1
Female plasma 0.6 0.3-1.0
?
10
10
10
Serum <0.1 0-5 1000
PCB's
NOTES :
BHC
DDD
DDE
DDT
Total
PCB's
T
ND
NQ
Plasma (refuse workers) 2.6 ND-14.1
Plasma (controls) 3.7 ND-20.2
= benzenehexachloride (hexachlorocyclohexane)
2 , 2-bis (chlorophenyl) -1 , 1-dlchloroethane
l,l-dichloro-2,2-bis (chlorophenyl) e thy lene
1,1, 1- trlchloro-2 , 2-b±s (chlorophenyl) ethane
37
54
DDT equiv. = Sum of all DDT-related peaks calculated as
Polychlorlnated blphenyls. Quantltation generally
an Aroclor mixture
Trace
Not detected
= Not quantitated
Location
US
US
US
US
TX
Houston, TX
UT
ID
FL
US
US
US
ID
US
US
Reference
7.11
7.9
7.9
7.11
7.7
7.7
7.13
7.8
7.10
7.9
7.9
7.11
7.8
7.10
7.10
if all were DDT
based on
comparison to
-------
Table 7-3. LEVELS OF 1IALOGENATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN HUMAN MILK
IN THE UNITED STATES
Compound
|3- BMC
Y-BUC
Total D1IC
£,£'-DDD
o(£'-DDE
£,£'-DDE
DUE
Sample
Matrix
Milk
Milk
Milk fat
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk fat
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk fat
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Mean
(ppb)
0.5
-
83
6.5
7.7
6.2
4.7
10.8
-
1.0
227
29
84.1
92.4
1766
-
194
60
30
30
100
Range Number of
(ppb) Determinations Location
T- 10
T- 38
30 - 270
0.1- .70.2
0- 37.0
3.6- 9.0
<0.1- 14
NO- 30
T- 5
<0.1- 2.8
10 -1720
5.2- 981
13.4- 236
16.7- 138
790 -4350
79 - 3J6
74 - 314
20 - 90
<10 - 140
-
70 - 120
57
40
53
14+
28
7
14+
53
40
14+
57
14+
28
7
53
40
30+
4
5
1
A*
AR, MS
CO
PA
US
TX
Houston, TX
US
PA
CO
US
AR, MS
US
TX
Houston, TX
PA
CO
AZ
Chicago. IL
WA
Phoenix, A2
US
Reference
7.17
7.18
7.19
7.11
7.7
7.7
7.11
7.19
7.18
7.11
7.17
7.11
7.11
7.7
7.19
7.18
7.20
7.21
7.21
7.21
7.21
(continued)
-------
Table 7-3 (cont'd.)
Co
Sample
Compound Matrix
o,£'-DDT Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
£,£V-DDT Milk
Milk
Milk fat
Milk
DDT Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Total DDT equiv. Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk
Milk (black)
Milk (white)
Milk
Milk
Milk
Mean
(ppb)
92
25
10
-
29
114
513
-
100
60
60
70
-
130
334
70.5
100
170
180
220
170
150
180
447
75
323
130
370
Range Number of
(ppb) Determinations Location
10 - 840
0.1- 10.8
5-36
T - 13
7.8- 89
- 9 - 383
, 90 -2120
7 - 109
80 - 130
<10 - 220
-
50 - 90
10 - 110
0-770
20 -2760
40.4- 156
S.D.- 100
S.D.- 130
.. S.D.- 100
S.D.- 170
S.D.- 150
S.D.- 80
' S.D.- 120
59 -1899
15 - 133
185 - 721
0- 770
0- 370
57+
U+
30+
40
<
30+
53
40
4
5
1
**
40
32
57+
14+
14
20
19
27
34
6
18
38
14
7
32
6
AR, MS
US
AZ
CO
US
AZ
PA
CO
Chicago, IL
WA
Phoenix, AZ
US
CO
DC
AR, MS
US
Long Island, NY
Rochester, NY
Chicago, IL
Lexington, KY
Nashville, TN
Memphis, TN
Los Angeles, CA
MS, AK
Nashville, TN
MS, AK
DC
CA
Reference
7.17
7.11
7.20
7.18
7.11
7.20
7.19
7.18
7.21
7.21
7.21
7.18
7.22
7.17
7.11
7.23
7.23
7.23
7.23
7.23
7.23
7.23
7.23
7.24
7.24
7.24
7.22
7.25
(continued)
-------
Table 7-3 (cont'd.)
Compound
Dleldrin
Heptachlor
Epoxlde
t-Nonachlor
Oxychlordane
I'CB's
NOTES :
BUG
ODD
DDE
DDT
Total DDT
PCB's =
rii
ND
NQ
_l> =
* /.-
A- =
Sample Mean Range Number of
Matrix (ppb) (ppb) Determinations Location
Milk - T - 50 57 AR, MS
Milk 6.2 2.9- 14.6 14 US
Milk 3.3 0- 21 28 TX
Milk 7.5 1.9-21 7 Houston, TX
Milk - T - 11 40 CO
Milk 4 T - 30 57 AR. MS
Milk 1.7 <0.1- 4.4 14 US
Milk fat 160 40 -460 53 PA
Milk - T - 5 40 CO
Milk 1 T - 10 57 AR, MS
Milk 5 T - 20 57 AH, MS
Milk T T - T 57 AR, MS
Milk M.O <40 -100 39 CO
Milk - 40 -100 40 CO
benzenehexa chloride (hexachlorocyclohexane)
2 , 2-bis (chlorophenyl)-l, l~dichloroethane
l,l-dichloro-2,2-bis (chlorophenyl) ethylene
1,1, l-trlchloro-2, 2-bis (chlorophenyl) ethane
equiv. = sum of all DDT-related peaks calculated as if all
polychlorinated biphenyls. Quantitation generally based on
to an Aroclor mixture
trace
not detected
not quantitated
5 women. Separate determinations make total of 14 samples
unspecified pool or donors in Denver and other US areas
Reference
7.17
7.7
7.7
7.7
7.18
7.17
7.11
7.19
7.18
7.17
7.17
7.17
7.26
7.18
were DDT
comparison
6 positive values out of unreported number of samples analyzed
-------
Table 7-4. LEVELS OF HALOGENATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN HUMAN TISSUE
IN THE UNITED STATES
Compound
a-BHC
B-B11C
Total BHC
ODD
£,£' -ODD
o,£'-DnE
£,£*-DDE •
Sample
Matrix
Fat
Fat
Fat
Ferirenal fat
Mesenteric fat
Panniculus fat
Bone marrow
Tracheobronchlal lymph nodes
Adrenal
Kidney
Liver
Brain
Gonad
Lung
Spleen
Fat
Fat
Adipose
Adipose
Fat
Mean
(ppb)
<30.0
600
480
11
47
18
76
10
57
2
33
2
2
0.9
3
450
290
5,000
2,400
6,850
Range
(ppb)
-
30-2,430
0-12,300
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
- _
-
-
-
-
90-990
50-530
-
-
560- 21,170
Number of
Determinations
25
25
994
30
29
30
19
11
18
38
42
32
36
25
27
25
40
103
959
25
Location
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans, LA
Chicago, IL
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu , HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans , LA
UT
Chicago, IL
New Orelans, LA
Reference
7.27
7.27
7.28
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.27
7.27
7.13
7.30
7.27
(continued)
-------
Table 7-4 (cont'd.)
Compound
DDE
o,£'-DDT
jJ.p'-DIJT
DIJT
Sample
Matrix
Adipose
Adipose
Liver
Kidney
Brain
Perlrenal fat
Mesenterlc fat
Panniculus fat
Bone marrow
Tracheobronchial lymph nodes
Adrenal
Kidney
Liver
Brain
Gonad
Lung
Spleen
Fat
Adipose
Fat
Fat
Adipose
Adipose
Liver
Kidney
Brain
Perlrenal fat
Mesenteric fat
Pamilculus fat
Mean
(ppb)
5,790
A, 580
432
133
84
4,640
4,400
4,480
2,080
1,380
875
209
200
83
69
59
31
7,000
7,000
60
1,730
2,050
1,540
101
30
22
1,330
1,350
1,160
Range Number of
(ppb) Determinations Location
5
70
70
66
52
30
29
30
19
11
18
38
42
32
36
25
27
0-56,100 994
440-23,400 159
<10-670 25
150-5,990 25
5
70
70
66
52
30
29
30
Phoenix, AZ
Tucson, AZ
Tucson, AZ
Tucson, AZ
Tucson, AZ
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Chicago, IL
Miami, FL
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans, LA
Phoenix AZ
Tucson, AZ
Tucson, AZ
Tucson, AZ
Tucson, AZ
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Reference
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7.
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
.14
.14
.14
.14
.14
.29
.29
.29
.29
.29
.29
.29
.29
.29
.29
.29
.29
.28
13,7.16
.27
.27
.14
.14
.14
.14
.14
.29
.29
.29
(continued)
-------
Table 7-4 (cont'd.)
Sample
Compound Matrix
DDT (continued) Bone marrow
Tracheobroncliial lymph nodes
Adrenal
Kidney
Liver
Brain
Gonad
Lung
Spleen
Fat
Adipose
Fat
Dieldrin Adipose
Adipose
Hair
Adipose
Ferirenal fat
Mesenteric fat
Tracheobronchial lymph nodes
Adrenal
Kidney
Liver
Brain
Gonad
Lung
Spleen
Fat
Adipose
Adipose
End r in Fat
Fat
Mean
(ppb)
411
892
125
83
47
10
15
14
11
2,600
4,300
5,300
210
140
^1
170
30
63
19
6
5.6
3.7
3.1
2.1
2.2
2.1
140
220
290
ND
<30
Range Number of
(ppb) Determinations Location
19
11
18
38
42
32
36
25
27
0-19,000 994
490-32,800 159
0-34,000 75
5
70
<10-10 9
103
30
29
19
11
18
38
42
32
36
25
<10-1,390 221
<50-770 146
30-1,150 25
221
25
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans, LA
New Orleans, LA
Chicago, 1L
Miami, FL
CA
AR, MS
Tucson, AZ
Raleigh, NC
UT
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Chicago, IL
Miami, FL
New Orleans, LA
Chicago, IL
New Orleans, LA
Reference
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.28
7.13,7.16
7.22
7.17
7.14
7.31
7.8
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.28
7.32
7.27
7.28
7.27
(continued)
-------
Table 7-4 (cont'd.)
CO
Compound
Hepcachlor
Mlrex
t-Nonach]or
PCU's
NOTES :
BUG
DDD
DDE
DDT
Total
PCB's
T
ND
Nil
*
Sample
Matrix
Epoxide Perlrenal fat
Mesenteric fat
Pannlculus fat
Bone marrow
Tracheobronchial
Adrenal
Kidney
Liver
Brain
Gonad
Lung
Spleen
Fat
Fat
Adipose
Adipose
Adipose
Hair
Adipoae
Adipose
Adipose
Adipose
Hair
Mean Range
(ppb) (ppb)
22
32
27
4
lymph nodes 0.1
1.2
0.9
1.9
0.2
0.1
0.3
T
160 <10-750
240 30-1.450
2,500 160-5,940
40
60
270 ND-760
470,000 204,000-600,000
M.,000
100,000
^1,000
ND
Number of
Determinations
30
29
30
19
11
18
38
4
32
36
25
27
505
25
*
6
5 (comp)
11
9
2
637
1
196
91
Location
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Honolulu, HA
Chicago, IL
New Orleans , LA
US
MA
TX
Raleigh, NC
US
US
MI
US
US
Reference
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.29
7.28
7.27
7.33
7.34
7.34
7.31
7.35
7.36
7.37
7.37
7.10
= benzenehexachloride (hexachlorocyclohexane)
2, 2-bis (chlorophenyl)-l, 1-dichloroethane
1 , l-dichloro-2 , 2-bis (chlorophenyl) ethylene
1,] , 1-trichloro-
DDT equiv. = sum of
poly chlorinated
mixture .
= trace
= not detected
not quantitated
2 , 2-bis (chlorophenyl) ethane
all DDT-related peaks calculated as
biphenyls. Quantitation generally
if all were
DDT
based on comparison to an
Arochlor
6 positive values out of unreported number of samples analyzed
-------
HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN ENVIRONMENT OF NIAGARA FALLS/BUFFALO, NY AREA
Ambient Air
The occurrence of halogenated hydrocarbons in the vapor phase of
ambient air was tabulated using information from other research programs as
well as environmental monitoring conducted under Phase I of this contract.
The sampling locations for the Niagara Falls and Buffalo areas, sampling
protocols and detailed information on the levels of halogenated hydrocarbons
are given in Appendix A. Table 7-5 summarizes this information. Listed is
the concentration range for the halogenated hydrocarbons which were detected
in the ambient air samples taken from this area, as well as the frequency
of detection and number of determinations. Their percent occurrence in
ambient air was also calculated. It is evident that a number of halogenated
hydrocarbons are occurring with a high frequency at levels above 1000
3
ng/m . Also, a number of halogenated hydrocarbons appear to be site-
specific for this area since these substances were not identified in ambient
air in other geographical areas. This factor will be further dicussed in
the summary section of this chapter.
Drinking Water
Appendix A presents detailed information on sampling and analysis and
the data obtained for the concentrations of purgeable halogenated organics
in drinking water from Niagara and Buffalo, NY. Table 7-6 summarizes the
estimated levels of these compounds. Many of the halogenated hydrocarbons
found in ambient air are also present in the drinking water from this area.
Table 7-7 presents additional information on halogenated organics and water
which has been reported in the literature.
Human Breath
As part of the pilot study, limited sampling and analysis was conducted
in the human population in order to estimate the levels of halogenated
organics. Samples were taken from individuals living in the ''Old Love"
Canal area to determine the extent of human contamination. Appendix A
presents the sampling protocols for -the human body-burden study.
Table 7-8 lists a summary of the estimated levels of halogenated
organics in human breath for the Niagara Falls, NY area.
54
-------
Table 7-5. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS
IN AMBIENT AIR IN NIAGARA FALLS, NY
Ln
Chemical
chloroform
tetrachloroethylene
carbon tetrachloride
1,1,1-trichloroethane
chlorotoluene isomers
dichlorobenzene Isomers
dlchlorotoluene Isomers
trichlorobenzene isomers
trichlorotoluene isomers
chloro benzene
chloronaphthalene isomers
tetrachlorobenzene isomers
1 , 2-dibromoethane
1, 3-hexachlorobutadiene
dichlorobenzaldehyde isomer
tetrachlorotoluene isomers
1 , 2-dichloro ethyl ene
1 ,2-dichloroethane
C r ichloroe thylene
1, 2-dichloro pro pane
chlorobenzotrif luoride isomers
Cone. Range
(ng/m3)
1,050-105,461
122-14,000
T-3,692
1,444-5,444
T-12,274
T-444
T-648
T-4,346
T-568
T-119
T
T-451
T
T-389
T
T
T
T
285-611
T
410-19,586
(continued)
Frequency
Detected
9
9
8
8
12
7
10
10
10
5
5
8
4
6
3
3
3
2
2
2
3
No. of
Determinations
9
9
9
9
15
9
15
15
15
9
9
15
9
15
9
9
9
8
9
9
15
Percent
Occurrence
100
100
89
89
80
78
67
67
67
55
55
53
44
40
33
33
33
25
22
22
20
-------
Table 7-5 (cont'd.)
Ln
Chemical
dichlorobenzotr If luorlde
bromo toluene Isomer
bromochlorotoluene Isomer
pentachlorobenzene
1 , 1-dichloroethane
chlorobenzaldehyde
chlorobenzodlchlorof luorlde
isomer
1, 2-bis- (trif luoromethyl)benzene
Cone. Range
(ng/m3)
193
T
T
17
ND
NDa
NDa
Frequency
Detected
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
No. of
Determinations
6
9
9
15
9
9
9
9
Percent
Occurrence
17
11
11
7
0
0
0
0
Previously Identified In household basements In "Old Love" Canal, see reference 7.60.
-------
Table 7-6. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN
DRINKING WATER FROM NIAGARA AND BUFFALO, NY
Chemical
bromodlchloromethane
tetrachloroethylene
1,1, 1-trichloroethylene
chlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride
bromof orm
chlo rod Ibromome thane
trichloroethylene
trichlorobenzene isomers
teCrachlorobenzene isomers
1 , 3-hexachlorobutadiene
o-dichlorobenzene
chlorotoluene isomers
1 , 2-dichloropropane
Cone. Range
(ng/4)
1,758-10,375
350-2,875
8-417
8-58
8-700
4,433-39,625
16-192
16-60
75-6,767
8-253
325-542
125-1,958
T-167
56-125
T
T
Frequency
Detected
15
15
15
15
15
14
14
13
13
13
11
8
6
5
2
1
No. of
Determinations
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
14
15
15
14
Percent
Occurrence
100
100
100
100
100
93
93
87
87
87
73
53
43
33
13
7
-------
Table 7-7. LEVELS OF HALOGENATED ORGANICS FOUND IN WATER
IN THE BUFFALO/NIAGARA AREA
CO
Chemical
Hethylene Chloride
Chloroform
Dibromochlorome thane
Bromodichlorotne thane
PCB's
DDE
DIeldrin
DDD
DDT
£-Dlchlorobenzene
b c
Cone. Range Cone, Mean
((Jg/i) (|Jg/£)
5
3.1
0.6
0.5
0.0705
0.0203
0.0043
0.0040
0.0035
Number of
Determinations
1
3
2
2
2
2
3
2
2
References Production Data (million Ib./yr.)
7.38
7.39
7.39
7.39
7.40
7.40,7.41
7.40
7.40
7.40
ICC Indust., Inc., Niagara Falls,
Chlorobenzene
Chlorotoluene
(7), Solvent Chem. Corp., Niagara
Falls (10).
6ICC Indust., Inc., Niagara Falls
(0.02); Solvent Chem., Corp., Inc.,
Niagara Falls; Occidental Petroleum
Corp., Niagara Falls (0.015)
o- and £- isomers: Hooker Chem.
Corp., Niagara Falls
(continued)
-------
Table 7-7 (cont'd.)
Chemical
b c
Cone. Range Cone. Mean
Number of
(pg/4) Determinations References Production Data (million Ib./yr.)
1,2,4-Trlchlorobenzene
Pentachlorobenzene
1,2.4-TrIchlorobenzene
Phosgene
Solvent Chero. Corp., Niagara
Falls (1.5); Occidental
Petroleum Corp., Niagara Falls (2).
Occidental Petroleum Corp.,
Niagara Falls.
Occidental Petroleum Corp.,
Niagara Falls.
Van De Mark Chera., Co., Inc., Lock-
port, NY (8).
Buffalo/Niagara area includes sites in/at Iliap.ara River, Lake Ontario-olcott, Marrero,
Buffalo, Dunkirk, Niagara.
Cone, range omitted where none was cited, or where individual pieces of data were not given,
or where a range cited in one reference was exceeded by a value reported in another reference
in which no range was given.
'Cone, mean is the arithmetic average of concentration data, with the following limitations
imposed by the nature of the reporting:
(1) where no quantification was performed the occurrence of a chemical was in no way
included in calculating the mean.
(2) where only one concentration was reported for an unspecified number of determination
<(n) and/or samples, that concentration was Included in the calculation as if only
one determination had been performed.
(3) where several concentrations were reported, each was included individually in the cal-
culation of the mean.
(4) where an average value and the number of determinations <(n) perfo'med were given, but
individual values were not given, the average value was included n times in the calcu-
lation of the mean.
(continued)
-------
Table 7-7 (cont'd.)
Number of determinations was calculated by adding, where given:
(1) the number of individual determinations performed (case C.3 and C.4 above).
(2) 1 (one) for average values given where no number of determinations was given (case C.2
above).
Unpublished data, Tracer Jitco, Inc., 1776 East Jefferson St., Rockville, MD 20852
-------
Table 7-8. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED LEVELS OF HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN HUMAN BREATH
IN NIAGARA FALLS, NY
Chemical
chloroform
1, 1,1-trichloroe thane
tetrachloroethylene
carbon tetrachloride
dichlorobenzene Isomers
1, 2-dlchloroethane
chlorobenzotrifluoride Isomers
1, 1-dichloroethane
trichloroethylene
chlorobenzene
chlorotoluene isomers
dichlorotoluene isomers
chloronaphthalene isomer
bromotoluene isomers
trichlorobenzene isomers
telrachlorobenzene isomers
pen Lac hi oro benzene
1, 3-hexachlorobutadiene
Cone. Range
(ng/m3)
3,896-94,510
T-394
658-1,753
T-796
T-5,294
T-243
T-852
T
T
T
261-338
1,220
T
T
T-88
27-180
73
T
Frequency
Detected
9
9
9
8
7
4
5
1
3
1
2
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
No. of
Determinations
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
Percent
Occurrence
100
100
100
89
78
44
55
11
33
11
22
11
11
11
22
22
11
11
-------
Human Blood
In addition to human breath, blood samples were also acquired -from the
same individuals in the "Old Love" Canal area. The purgeable halogenated
organics were quantified in the blood samples and these data are shown in
Table 7-9. The concentrations of many of the halogenated hydrocarbons
exceeded 1 ppb levels.
Table 7-10 presents the pesticides which were measured in the same
human blood samples. Virtually every sample contained p_,£'-DDE while a few
samples may have contained heptachlor.
Human Urine
Table 7-11 gives the levels of purgeable halogenated organics occurring
in human urine from the inhabitants of the "Old Love" Canal in Niagara-.- • .
Falls, NY. Many of the chemicals which were detected in breath and blood
were also detected in urine of these individuals.
HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN ENVIRONMENT OF NEW JERSEY AREA
Ambient Air
The sampling protocols and locations of sampling for ambient air in
the New Jersey area which was conducted under the pilot study of this
program, as well as under other research programs, are presented in Appendix
A. Detailed data are also given in Appendix A.
Table 7-12 presents a summary of the estimated levels of vapor phase
halogenated organics in the New Jersey area. Many of the halogenated
hydrocarbon levels exceeded the ppb level and represented the highest
values observed in the ubiquitous category when compared to the other five
geographical areas. The ubiquitous compounds were detected at high frequen-
cies .
Drinking Water '
Table 7-13 presents the levels of purgeable halogenated organics which
were found in New Jersey drinking water samples. The leve'.s of these com-
pounds were also relatively high as compared to water in other geographical
areas. Furthermore, they occurred at a high frequency rate.
Table 7-14 presents the levels of halogenated organics found in water
in the New Jersey area which was information acquired from other research
62
-------
Table 7-9. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN HUMAN BLOOD SAMPLES
IN NIAGARA FALLS, NY
en
OJ
Chemical
chloroform
1,1, 1-trichloroe thane
tetrachloroethylene
m-dichlorobenzene
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
chlorobenzene
o-dlchlorobenzene
bromodiclilorome thane
tetrachlorobenzene
Cone. Range
(ng/£)
1,100-20,100
250-2,000
22-255,550
600-67,700
40-140
100-2,550
50-16,800
150-350
14,250
2,600
Frequency
Detected
9
9
9
9
8
6
8
5
1
1
No. of
Determinations
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
Percent
Occurrence
100
100
100
100
89
67
89
55
11
11
-------
Table 7-10. HALOGENATED EXTRACTABLE (SEMI-VOLATILES) IN HUMAN BLOODa
Compounds, ng/1 (ppt) Whole Blood
Heptachlor
Sample Trifluralin a-BHC Heptachlor Epoxide Endosulfan Dieldrin £,£!-DDE £,£'-DDT Mirex
1 1610 - - 3035
2 - - 2990
3 - - 2040
4
5
6
8
9
10
1070 - - - 925 -
h
1335 - - 800
- - - 935
630C - - 1440
- - - - 800
h
- - - 1370D
a20 ml whole blood diluted to 50 ml with distilled water. Control: 0.52 pg ct-BHC. 35.2 + 4.4%
recovery (two Injections of both standard and extract). Chromatography Cleanup: 0.18 pg a-BHC.
99.8 + IV 'i% recovery from Florlsll (two Injections of both std. and extract). Sensitivity:
5-205~ng/£, - = not detected.
Compound discovered after Florisil cleanup. Interferences due to peak overlap, low sensitivity,
etc.
Unconfirmed. Large peak overlap.
-------
Table 7-11. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED ORGANICS
IN HUMAN URINE FROM NIAGARA FALLS, NY
ON
Cn
Chemical
chloroform
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
carbon tetrachlorlde
1,1,1-trichloroe thane
trlchloroethylene
m-dichlorobenzene
o-dlchlorobenzene
1 , 2-dichloroethane
chlorotoluene isomer
bromotoluene isomer
Cone. Range
(ng/A
858-1,460
120-550
50-117
42-150
92-183
42-400
36-39,160
108-725
50-75
T
T
Frequency
Detected
9
9
6
9
4
9
6
3
2
1
1
No. of
Determinations
9
9
9
9
4
9
9
4
9
9
9
Percent
Occurrence
100
100
67
100
100
100
67
75
22
11
11
-------
Table 7-12. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS
IN THE NEW JERSEY AREA
Chemical
tetrachloroethylene
trichloroethylene
chlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
1,1,1-trichloroe thane
1 , 2-dichloroethane
o-dichlorobenzene
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride
vinyl chloride
trichlorobenzene
1 , 2-dichloroethylene
1,1, 2-trichloroethane
1,1,2, 2-tetrachloroethane
1 , 1-dichloroethane
Concentration Range
(ng/m )
T-394,000
T-173,886
T-6,072
T-3,392
T-111,167
T-139,121
T-12,433
T-98,625
T-42,378
T-3,132
33-1,160
T-5,263
294-17,571
T-2,872
T-342
Frequency
Detected
85
86
85
90
83
75
84
78
83
15
27
4
7
4
10
Number of
Determinations
86
87
86
93
86
93
93
87
93
36
96
16
36
26
66
Percent
Occurrence
99
99
99
97
96
81
90
90
89
42
28
25
19
15
15
-------
Table 7-13. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN
NEW JERSEY DRINKING WATER
Chemical
1,1 ,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
bromodichlorome thane
chlorodibromome thane
chlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
o-dichlorobenzene
1 ,1-dichlorobenzene
trichlorobenzene isomers
Concentration Range
(ng/A)
64-2,667
77-575
757-18,017
86-1,183
624-146,150
274-92,592
T-75
T-25
17-50
105-142
50
Frequency
Detected
22
22
22
22
22
22
20
20
12
3
1
Number of
Determinations
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
Percent
Occurrence
100
100
100
100
100
100
91
91
55
14
5
t >
-------
Table 7-14. LEVELS OF IIALOGENATED ORGANICS FOUND IN WATER IN THE NEW JERSEY AREA
00
Cone. Range
Chemical (|ig/l)
Dlchlorobenzene
Trie hlo roe thane
Dteldrin 29.0 - 4.0
Chloroform
Chloronltrobenzene
Trichloroetbylene
Dlchloroe thane
Methyl Trichlorophenoxyacetate
Bromodlchloroe thane
Bromod-lchloromethane 16.0 - n.d.
Tetrachloroethylene
Methyl Dlchlorophetioxyacetate
Dlbromochloromethane
Bromopropylbenzene
Bromobenzene
Methylene Chloride
Tetrachlo roe thane
Met hy 1-2- (4-Chlorophenoxy)bucanoate
Bromochloroerh, e
Dlchloroe thylene
Bromochloropropane
Pentachloroanlsole
Dlchloropropane
Com- . Mean
209
42.0
19.7
14.5
10.7
7.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
3.7
3.6
3.5
3,3
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.5
2.0
2.0
1.8
1.5
1.3
1.3
Number of
Determlna t Ions
6
11
4
5,6
3
33
27
1
2
16
23
: 2
9
1
1
8
13
1
2
5
2
'~ 4
4
References Production Data (million Ib/yr)
7. IN Standard Chlorine Chem. Co., Inc., Kearny
(o-isomer (16); 0-isomer (n.d.).]
7.38,7.39,7.43
7.38
1.1,2
7,'JH
7.38,7.35,7.43
7.38,7.44,7.45
7-lfi
7.38
7.38,7.39,7.45
7.38
7. 311
7.38,7.33,7.43,7.45
7.311
7. 38
7.38
7.1.'!
7.18
7. 30
(continued)
-------
Chemical
lie Kachloroe thane
Tr Ichlo roan i sole
Ch 1 orobenzene
01 chlorolodome thane
Carbon Tetrachlorlde
llexachlorobutadlene
Bromoform
£-Chloro toluene
o-Chloro toluene
Cone. Range Cone. Mean Number of
(ug/ i) (pg/t) Determination References Product ion Data (ml 11 ion Ib^yr)
1.0 l ' 7 . 3H
1.0 2 7-38
1-0 1 7.38
1.0 1 ?.3fi
7. 38.7.39, 1. AJ
<2.0 - n.d. 1.0 6 1 t L 1 L\
0.7 3 7- h'i.7.46
0.6 fl 7.1?!, 7. 39, 7. 45
Tenneco, Inc. , Fords
Tenneco, Inc . , Ford a (9) ; Monsanto, Bridgeport
0\
Benzyl Chloride
Phosgene
(80); Stauffer Chan. Co., Edison (11); used by
UOPi Inc.. East Rutherford (5).
Monsanto, Bridgeport (80); Stauffer Chen, Co.,
Edison (11); Tenneco, Inc., Forda (9), used by
UOP, Inc., East Rutherford (5).
E.I. duPont de Nemours, Deepwater Point (133).
New Jersey includes aites in/at Reedy Island, Turnpike Bridge, Paasalc River mouth, Port Elizabeth, Bayonne, Linden, St. John, Delaware Memorial
Bridge, Marcua Hook, Pauldboro, Navy Yard, Tremley, Newark, Narrows, Lower Bay, Ifudaon River mouth. Fort Lee, Little Falla, Ben Franklin Bridge,
Racltan Bay, Perth Amboy, Sewaren, Tufts, Pasaaic County, Bristol, Torresdale, Phillipsburg, llauorth. Clifton, Rahvay. Colonic, Delaware River mouth
French town . 1: lisa be tit town, lie a ex County , Kingstown, Shrewsbury , Woodbr ld(*£, Suffolk City, Toms River , and East on, PA.
Cone, range omitted where none was cited, or where individual pieces of data were not given, or where a range cited in one reference was exceeded
by a value reported In another reference in which no range was given.
""Cone. mean io the arithmetic average of concentration data, with the following limitations imposed by the nature of the report ing;
1. where no quantification was performed, the occurrence of a chemical was in no way included
in calculating the mean.
2. where only one concentration was reported for an unspecified number "of determinations <(n) and/or
aampl.es, that concentration was included in the calculation as if only one determination had been
pc rformed.
3. where several concentrations were reported, each was included Individually in the calculation of
the mean.
4. where an average value and thu number of determination <(n) performed were given, but Individual
valueti were not given, the average value waa included 11 times In the calculation of the mean.
j
Niim bur of dutermi nat ions was ca leu 1 a ted by adding, where g 1 van :
1) the number of indIvidual determlnat(ons performed (case C3 anil CA above).
2) t (one) for average wi lues gi vi-o whe re no number of dt.'lerinl nat Ions was g I vrn. (c;me C2 above) .
-------
programs. These data are comparable to those presented in the previous
table.
Table 7-15 presents the analysis of extractable halogenated hydrocarbons
in tap water from northern New Jersey. These water samples are the same as
those presented in Table 7-13. In contrast to the data in Table 7-13 for
purgeable halogenated hydrocarbons, essentially none of the pesticides were
detected in these drinking water samples.
HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN ENVIRONMENT OF BATON ROUGE, LA AND VICINITY
Ambient Air
Appendix A presents the sampling protocol and locations, as well as
the detailed information on the levels of vapor-phase halogenated organics
in ambient air from Baton Rouge, LA. Table 7-16 presents a summary of
these estimated levels. Substantial quantities of the ubiquitous compounds
were observed, as well as the presence of a new set of site specific pollu-
tants which were not detected in samples from other geographical areas.
Twenty-nine vapor-phase halogenated organics were identified and measured.
Drinking Water
Table 7-17 presents a summary of the levels of purgeable halogenated
hydrocarbons found at the Jefferson Parish water plant. Table 7-18 presents
additional information for halogenated hydrocarbons in tap water from
Jefferson Parish. Finally, Table 7-19 presents the data for the New Orleans/
Baton Rouge, LA area. In general, the purgeable compounds appear to be at
rather elevated levels while the pesticides are not detectable.
HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN ENVIRONMENT AT HOUSTON, TX AND VICINITY
Ambient Air
The sampling protocol and locations as well as the detailed information
on the vapor phase halogenated organics in ambient air for Houston, TX and
vicinity are given in Appendix A. Table 7-20 presents a summary of the
estimated levels of these compounds. The ubiquitous compounds comprise the
substances occurring at the highest frequency rate an? nighest concen-
tration values. A series of site-specific pollutants is also present which
represents essentially the production, storage, or usage of these compounds
in this area. Data for 30 halogenated hydrocarbons are presented in this
table.
70
-------
Table 7-15. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF EXTRACTABLE SEMI-VOLATILE HHC'S IN
TAP WATER IN NORTHERN NEW JERSEY3
Site
I
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
Period
2
3
4
6
6
6
1
1
1
a
a
a
a
a
a
a
10
10
10
10
10
11
Location
Trlfluralin
5
6
2
4
5
6
2
3
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2
4
5
6
7
1
Conpound (ng/t.ppt)
a-BHC Heptachlor
.
_ -
_
- -
- -
- -
-
-
- -
-
-
-
_ -t
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
Heptaclilor Endoaulfan JP.g'-DDB Dleldrla
Epoxlde
-
— — _ —
- _ _
- _ _ _
— _ _ _
- _ _ _
-
- _ _ _
- - -
_ _ _
,.
_
_
_
_ _ _ _
_
-
_
_
-
_
E.J»'-DDT
_
_
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
aSample size - 120 rai; Detection limit » 5-25 ng/8.
See Tables 7-37, 7-38, 7-40, 7-41 and 7-42
-------
Table 7-16. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS
IN BATON ROUGE, LA AREAa
Chemical
chloroform
tetrachloroethylene
carbon tetrachloride
1 , 2-dlchloroethane
1,1, 1-trichloroethane
trichloroethylene
o-dichlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
chloroethane
vinyl chloride
chloroacetylene
1 , 2-dichloropropane
1,1, 2-trichloroethane
1,1-dichloroethane
tetrachlorobutadiene
tetrachloropropane isomer
bis (2-chloroisopropyl)ether
chlorobenzene
hexachloro-1 , 3-butadiene
1 , 3-dichloropropene
tr 1 chloropropane
1,1,2, 2-tetrachloroethane
vinylidene chloride
dichloropropene
pen tachloroe thane
hexachloroe thane
pentachlorobutadiene
chloro toluene
trichlorobenzene isomers
Concentration Range
(ng/m )
181-11,742
7-1,224
T-10,100
9-10,341
T-8,760
T
T
T
1,378
T-1,334
T-58
T-3,999
36-9,611
T-500
T-139
13-242
T-363
T-900
18-37
T-10
T-24
T-1,573
T-990
106-261
T-13
T
T
35
ND
Frequency
Detected
42
40
37
36
33
3
3
3
19
9
5
15
13
12
3
3
3
10
2
2
2
7
6
2
2
2
1
1
0
Number of
Determinations
43
43
43
43
43
4
4
4
30
16
12
39
43
43
11
11
11
43
11
11
11
43
44
11
15
15
11
11
4
Percent
Occurrence
98
93
86
84
77
75
75
75
63
56
42
38
30
28
27
27
27
23
18
18
18
16
14
18
13
13
9
9
0
See reference 7.61 and 7,62.
-------
Table 7-17. SUMMARY OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON LEVELS FOUND AT
JEFFERSON PARISH WATER PLANT, 2/7/77 - 8/5/77
Detection
Limit
(Mg/A)
C-l, 2-dichloroethylene
dlchlorome thane
bromo ethane
carbon tetrachloride
chloroform
bromo chlorome thane
trichloroethylene
dichlorobromome thane
1 , 2-dichloroethane
dibromochlorome thane
1,1, 2-trichloroethane
chlorobenzene
bromo form
m-dlchlorobeivzene
.2
-
.3
1.0
.3
.7
.6
1.3
.5
2.5
1
.15
10.0
.5
Number
of
Times.
Found
0
52
0
12
52
0
24
1
52
16
13
5
0
1
River
Q
Mean
(vg/A)
-
2.581
-
0.69
1.245
-
0.20
0.0242
8.680
1.86
0.237
0.062
-
0.037
a
Low
Value
(Kg/A)
-
0.4
-
0.7
0.2
•
0.1
1.3
1.1
1.4
0.2
0.1
-
1.9
High
Value
(ug/A)
-
15.8
-
11.2
2.5
-
1.4
1.3
32.3
13.4
2.1
1.5
-
1.9
Number
of
Times
Found
0
51
0
8
52
1
15
18
52
19
18
4
0
2
Sand
c
Mean
(Mg/A)
-
3.848
-
0.395
10.008
0.010
0.087
0.990
8.014
1.63
0.223
0.027
-
0.039
Filter3
Low
Value
(Mg/A)
-
0.3
-
0.8
1.8
0.5
0.2
0.5
1.1
0.2
0.3
0.1
-
0.1
High
Value
(Mg/A)
-
18.1
-
8.0
46.0
0.5
0.5
6.2
23.7
12.8
1.6
0.8
-
1.9
River = untreated Mississippi River water. Sand Filter = water entering distribution system.
^Number of items given compound found at level greater than detection limit.
'Arithmetic mean for 52 samples, with zero used as value for concentrations below the detection limit.
Some values reported below detection limit.
-------
Table 7-18. SUMMARY OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON LEVELS FOUND IN TAP WATER
IN JEFFEUSON PARISH3
Compound
1 , 2-dichloroethylene
dichlorome thane
bromoethane
carbon tetrachloride
chloroform
bromochlorome thane
trichloroethylene
dichlorobromome thane
1, 2-dichloroethane
dlbromochloromethane
1,1,2-trichloroethane
chlorob^nzene
broroofonn
dlchlorobe'i~ene
tetrachloroetbylene
Source: Private communication, N. V.
Number
of
Times .
Found
1
117
0
145
145
5
92
141
145
63 i
87
0
0
0
114
Brodtmann,
Low
c
Mean Value
(ug/£) (ug/Jt)
0.0007
0.13
_
0.20 0.03
6.06 0.9
0.089
0.19
1.74
2.16 0.6
0.20
0.12
_
.
-
o.i4
Jr.; Jefferson Parish Department
High
Value
(Mg/0
0.1
1.1
-
2.5
86.1
7.5
1.6
14.0
8.1
3.5
2.4
-
-
-
1.1
of Water,
Jefferson, LA, May 1978.
Number of times given compound round out of 145 samples.
r»
Arithmetic mean for 145 samples, with zero used as value for concentrations below
detection limit.
the
-------
NEW ORLEANS/BATON ROUGE AREA
Chemical
t rlchloroelhylene
chloroform
bromobenzene
trlchloroethane
dlchloroethane
carbon tet rachlorlde
dlchlorobenzene
at razlne
dlchloroethylene
methylene chloride
chlorodlbromofne thane
alaclilor (2-C1 homolog)
bromod ichloromethane
tetrachloroeLhyltiiie
, Number of
Cone. Range (Mg/t) Cone. Hean (Mg/*) Determinations References
5227-n.d. 96 66 7.38,7
7.48,7
394-0.2 20 73 7.38,7
7.48.7
7.45,7
13 1 7.38.7
334-0.235 10.6 68 7.47,7,
7.49,7.
32.3-n.d. 7.7 61 7.38,7,
7.47,7.
193-<,1 7.1 67 7.47,7.
7.49,7.
7.52
15-n.d. 4.2 >55 7.38.7.
7.52
4.2 4 7.38,7,
4 1 7.38
15.8-0.34 2.6 53 7.47,7.
7.52
15.0-n.d. 3.5 58 7.38,7.
7.47.7.
7.55
2.9-1.9 2.3 3 7.52
2.2 60 7.38,7.
7.47.7.
7.52,7.
7-0.2 1.9 6 7.38,7.
.47,
.49
.47.
.49.
.51
.54
.48
.52
.45
.52
48
51,
47.
,52
51.
45,
52,
45
51
55
52
Production Data (million Ib./yr.)
Ethyl Corp., Baton Rouge (50);
Occidental Petroleum Corp., Taft
(40)
1 . 1,1-trichloroethane; Vulcan
Materials Co., Celtimar (65);
Ethyl Corp., Baton Rouge (40)
1,2-dichloroethane: Allied Chem.
Corp., Baton Rouge (300); Borden,
Inc., Gelamar (300); Dou Chem.,
Plaquemlne (450); Ethyl Corp.,
Baton Rouge (330); Monochem. Inc..
Celsmar (300); Shell Chem. Corp.,
Norco (700)
Dow Chem.. Plaquemlne (190);
Vulcan Materials Co.. Celsmar (80)
Ethyl Corp., Baton Rouge (50);
Vulcan Materials Co.. Ceismar
(150); Dow Chem., Plaquemlne
(150); Occidental Petroleum
Corp., Taft (50)
(continued)
-------
Table 7-19 (cont'd.)
(T>
Chemical Cone. Range (|Jg/t)
hexachlo roe thane
dichlorolodome thane
hexachlorobutadiene
dibromochlorome thane
chloral
alachlor (1-C1 homolog)
deethylatrazlne
trlchloropropane
dibromodlch lor oe thane
chlorobenzene
bromoform
cyanazlne
vlnylldene chloride
bis (2-chloroisopropyl) ether
blo{2-cnloroe thy 1) ether
slmazine
propazlne
tetrarhloroe thane
heptach l.oronorbomene
dleldrln
butachlor
4.3-0.19
1.6-1.1
4.7-n.d.
1.7-0.5
0.80-0.75
0.63-n.d.
0.57-n.d.
0.35-0.21
0.18-0.03
0.16-0.04
0,11-n.d.
0.07-0.04
0.07-n.d.
0.06-0.05
Cone. Mean (pg/O
1.6
1.3
1.2
1.0
1.0
0.88
0.78
0.4
0.32
0.30
0.25
0.29
0.2
0.10
0.11
<0.1
<0.1
0.04
0.06
0.02
0.05
Number of
Determinations References Production D.-iln (million Ih./yr.)
3
3
16
1
9
3
3
10
3
53
4
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
6
9
3
7.
7.
7, W,
7.
. 7.
7.
7.
7.38,
7.
7.47,
7.45,
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
52
52
7.53
51
55
52
52
7.52
52
7.51
7.52
52
56 Dow Chem. , Plaquemlne
52
52
52
52
7.52
7.52
7.42,7.52
7.52
(continued)
-------
Table 7-19 (cont'd.)
Chemical
DOE
chlordane
ptsntachlorophenyl methyl
pentachloroethane
DDT
endrln
PCB'a
ehloronl t robenzene
b romochlorobenzene
trlchlorotrlfluoroethane
dlchloropropane
bis (chloroiaetbyl) ether
a Id rln
chloroDie thane
chloropyridlne
llndane
benzene hoxach lor Ida
vlny 1 chloride
Cone. Rangeb 3
1
32
1
References Production Data (million Ib./yr.)
7.52
7.52
7.52
7.52
7.42
7.52
7.40
7.54,7.52
7.54
7.51
7.56
7.54
7.57
7.54
7.54
7.57
7.57
7.58 Allied Ctiem. Corp., Baton Rouge (300);
Borden, Inc., Gelauar (300); Dow Chem.
Plaquemlue (450); Ethyl Corp., Baton
Rouge (330); Monochem., Inc., Celamar
(300); Shell Chem. Corp., Norco (700).
dlchloroacetylene
7.54
(continued)
-------
Table 7-19 (cont'd.)
Chemical
dlbromobenzene
dichlorobutene
hexachlorobenzene
cyanogen chloride
hexachlorocyclohexane
Cone. Range (|i(;/
n.q.
n . <| .
n.q.
n.q.
Number of .
(,) Cone. Mean (iJR/P.) Determinations References Production l):il.-i (million lh./yr.)
7. 54
7.54
7.54
7.54
Shell Chem. Co., Norco (60).
aBaton Rouge/Hew Orleans area includes sites In New Orleans, Luling, Jefferson P.-irisb, Cnrrollton, Terrebonne Parish, Morgan City, Lafayette,
Head of Passes, Port Sulphur, Lutcher, Plaquemlne, Geismar, tlahnvllle. Baton Rouge, Mississippi River, Baton Rouge - Port Sulphur transect.
Cone, range omitted where none was cited, where individual data were not given, or where range cited In one reference was exceeded by a value
reported In another reference in which no range was given,
°Conc. mean Is the average of concentration data, with the following limitations:
(1) where no quantitation was performed, the occurrence of a chemical was not Included in calculating the mean
(2) where only one concentration was reported for an unspecified number of determinations and/or samples, that concentration was included
In the calculation as if only one determination had been performed
(3) where several concentrations were reported, each was Included individually in the calculation of the mean
(4) where an average value and the number of determinations were given, but not individual values, the average value was included (n) times
in the calculation of the mean
lumber of determinations calculated by adding:
(1) the number of Individual determinations performed (case C,3 and C,4 above)
(2) 1 (one) for average values where number of determinations was unavailable.
n.d. » not detected
n.q. =* not quantitated
-------
Table 7-20. SUMMARY OF ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS
IN AMBIENT AIR IN HOUSTON, TX AND VICINITY
Concentration Range
Chemical (ng/m^)
carbon tetrachloride
chloroform
m-dichlorobenzene
tetrachloroethylene
1 ,1 ,1-trichloroethane
1 , 2-dichloroethane
chlorobenzene
trichloroethylene
o-dichlorobenzene
hexachloro-1 , 3-butadiene
trichlorobenzene isomers
dichloropropane isotner
dichloropropene isomers
bis (2-chloroisopropyl) ether
chloroprene
vinylidine chloride
dibromoe thane
dichlorobutane isomers
dichlorobutene isomers \
pentachlorobutadiene isomers
1, 1,2-trichloroethane
1,1,2 ,2-tetrachloroethane
1 , 2-dibromopropane
1,2, 3-trichloropropane
tetrachlorobutadiene isomer
trichloropropene isomers
1 , 1-d ichloroethane
1,1,1, 2-tetrachloroethane
pen tachloroe thane
vinyl chloride
T-11,538
T-53,846
T
T-2,019
T-27,700
T-66,300
T-125
T-5,071
T
T-2,066
T
T-2,586
T-1,293
T-333
266-4,000
T-531
T-158
52-700
. T-262
T-100
3,334-6,700
19-33
T
298
T
T
555
21
3,984
T
Frequency
Detected
30
29
12
26
25
22
9
20
6
7
4
5
4
3
2
3
2
2
2
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Number of
Determinations
30
30
13
30
30
30
13
30
13
17
13
17
17
17
17
25
17
17
17
17
30
30
17
17
17
17
30
30
30
30
Percent
Occurrence
100
97
92
87
83
73
69
67
46
41
31
29
24
18
12
12
12
12 .
12
12
10
7
6
6
6
6
3
3
3
3
See reference 7.60, 7.61, 7.62,
-------
Drinking Water
Table 7-21 summarizes the halogenated organics found in drinking water
in the Houston, TX area. Many of the compounds occur at the ppb level.
Human Breath
Table 7-22 provides information on the concentration of halogenated
hydrocarbons which was detected in 10 expired air samples from male volunteers
at the Brooke Air Force Base in Texas.
80
-------
Table 7-21. LEVELS OF HALOGENATED ORGANICS FOUND IN WATER IN THE HOUSTON AREA
Chemical
Trichlorobutane
Trlchloropentene
Trlchloroethylene
Trichloroetliane
Dichlorobenzene
Bis (chloroisopropyl) ether
Trichlorohexane
Carbon Tet rachlorlde
Chlorof ortu
Tet rachloroethylene
Dichlorobutane
Olchlorolteptane
Chloroprene dlmer
Pen cachlo roan iaole
flls(chloroethyl)ether
Dlchloroethane
llexachlorubutadleite
Trlchloropropaue
Bromof urra
Clilorophenol
Number of
Cone. Range (Mg/£) Cone. Mean (|ig/O Decarmlnacions
185 1
92 I
197-0.9 54 18
119-0.1 24 14
21 1
19 1
16 2
13 15
82-<.l 8.9 20
8 4
8 2
4 1
2 2
2 2
1.4 1
1.3 3 .
2.0-n.d. --.1 1
1 1
a. d.
n.d.
References
7.38
7.38
7.38,7.48
7.49
7.48.7.49
7.38
7.59
7.38
7.38,7.48,
7.49
7.38,7.48
7.49,7.50
7.38
7.38
7.38
7.38
7.38
7.59
7.38
7.46
7.38
7.50
7.59
Production Data (million Ib./yr.)
Diamond Shamrock, Deer Park (90),
Dou Chem. , Freeport (150)
1,1 , 1-Trichloroethane: Dow Chem.,
Freeport (450), 1, 1 ,2-Trlchloro-
ethane: Dow Chera. , Freeport (n.a.)
Diamond Shamrock, Deer Park (160);
Dow Chem., Freeport (120)
1 , 2-Dlchloroet hane : Diamond Shaiu-
rock. Deer Park (550); Dow Chem.,
Freeport (1600) and Oyster Creek
(1100); Ethyl Corp., Pasadena (260)
Shell Chem. Co., Deer Park (1200)
(continued)
-------
.Table 7-21 (cont'd.)
Cone. Ranj;e Cone. Mean
Chemical (Mg/£) (MB/lt) Determinations Reference Production Data (million Ib./yr.)
Dlchlorodlbromomethane n.d. 7,50
Dlchlorotoluene n.d. 7.50
1,2-Dlchloropropane Dow Cliem. , Freeport (25).
Vinyl Chloride Dow Chem., Freeport (200) and Oyster Creek (700);
Ethyl Corp., Pasadena (150); Shell Chem. Co.,
Deer Park (840).
Methylene Chloride Dow Chem., Freeport (200).
l-Chloro-2, 3-Epoxypropane Dow Chem., Freeport (250); Shell Chem. Co.,
(Eplchlorohydrln) Deer Park (110).
Houston area includes sites in Morgan Point, Deer Park, Lynch, Bayou> Freeport, North Shaver, Turning, Pelican,
Texas Bayou, Houston, Red Fish, Port Nechea.
OO Cone, range omitted where none was cited, or where individual pieces of data were not given, or when a range cited
"^ in one reference was exceeded by a value reported in another reference in which no range was given.
CConc. mean is the arithmetic average of concentration data, with the following limitations imposed by the nature
of the reporting:
(1) where no quantification was performed the occurrence of a chemical wag in no way included in calculating
the mean!
(2) where only one concentration was reported for an unspecified number of determinations <(n) and/or samples,
that concentration was included In the calculation as if only one determination had been performed;
(3) where several concentrations vere reported, each was included individually in the calculation of the mean;
(4) where an average value and the number of determinations <(n) performed were given, but individual values
were not given, the average value was included n times in the calculation of the mean.
Numbe- of determinations was calculated by adding, where given:
(1) the number of Individual determinations performed (case C3 and C4 above).
(2) 1 (one) for average values given where no number of determinations was given, (case C2 ;ibovc) .
-------
Table 7-22. HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS DETECTED IN TEN EXPIRED AIR SAMPLES FROM
MALE VOLUNTEERS AT BROOKS AFB, TX 3
00
to
Compound
1,1, 1-trlf luorotrlchloroethane
roethylene chloride
dime thy Idlfluorosllane
1,1,1-trlchloroe thane
dichlorobenzene
chloroform
vinylidine chloride
trime thy If luoroa liana
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroe thane
1,2-dlchloroethane
vinyl chloride
fluorochloroethylene
dlchlorof luoronve thane
trlchlorof luorome thane
dlchlorodlf luoroethylene
chlorobenzene
1 , 1-dichloroethane
Mean
(ug/hr)
71.4
44.0
24. 1
16.9
3.2
1.3
1.3
0.52
0.43
0.20
0.08
0.073
0.054
0.020
0.008
0.0068
0.002
T
Range of
Positives
(ug/hr)
2.6-580
0.12-340
1.2-140
0.034-140
0.001- 26
T-ll
13
5.2
T-3.9
.022-2.0
T-0.80
T-.73
0.54
0.062-0.14
0.007-0.041
0.002-0.029
0.002
T
Number of
Positives
6
5
10
4
7
5
1
1
4
2
2
3
1
2
4
4
1
1
Eight Volunteers; one was sampled three times.
Arithmetic mean with non-detected samples counted as zero.
Source; J. P. Conklo, A. J. Cutnp, and B. E. Welch, "Trace Composition of Human Respiratory Gases,"
Arch. Environ. Health, _30, 290-295 (1975).
-------
REFERENCES
7.1 Serat, et al., "Pesticides in People", Pest. Mon. J., 11(10), 1-4
(1977).
7.2 Sims, et al., "Organochlorine Residues in Fish and Fishery Products
from the Northwest Atlantic", Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 18,
697-705 (1977).
7.3 Yang, et al., "Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Sugarbeet Pulps
and Molasses from 16 States, 1971", Pest. Mon. J., 10, 41-43 (1976).
7.4 Johnson, R. D. and D. D. Manske, "Pesticide Residues in Total Diet
Samples (IX)", Pest. Mon. J., 9_, 157-169 (1976).
7.5 Firestone, D., "Determination of Polychlorodibenzo-£-Dioxins and
Polychlorodibenzofurans in Commercial Gelatins by Gas-Liquid Chroma-
tography", J Agr. Food Chem., 25, 1274-1280 (1977).
7.6 Rowe, £t al., "Dieldrin and Endrin Concentrations in a Louisiana
Estuary", Pest. Mon. J., 4, 177-183 (1971).
7.7 Dymnet, P. G., et al., "Relationship Between Levels of ChJorinated
Hydrocarbon Insecticides in Human Milk and Serum", Bull. Environ.
Contam. Toxicol., 6, 449-452 (1971).
7.8 Watson, M., ejt al., "Serum Organochlorine Pesticide Levels in People
in Southern Idaho", Pest. Mon. J., 4, 47-50 (1970).
7.9 Dale, W. E., et al., "Determination of Chlorinated Insecticides in
Human Blood", Ind. Med. Surg., 36, 275-280 (1967).
7.10 Hammer, D. I., £t al., "Polychlorinated Biphenyl Residues in the
Plasma and Hair of Refuse Workers", Environ. Health Perspect. , 1,
83 (1972).
7.11 Curley, A. and R. Kimbrough, "Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Insecticides
in Plasma and Milk of Pregnant and Lactating Women", Arch. Environ.
Health, 18, 156-165 (1969).
7.12 Serat, W. F., et al., "DDT and DDE in the Blood and Diet of Eskimo
Children from Hooper Bay; Alaska", Pest. Mon. J., 11, 1-4 (1977).
7.13 Warnick, S. L., "Organochlorine Pesticide Levels in Humrn Serum and
Adipose Tissue, Utah - Fiscal Year 1967-71," Pest. Mon. J., 6, 9-13
(1972).
84
-------
7.14 Morgan, D. P. and C. C. Roan, "Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Residue in
Human Tissues", Arch. Environ. Health, 20, 452-457 (1970).
7.15 Keil, J. E., et al., "DDT and DDE Residues in Blood from Children,
South Carolina - 1970", Pest. Mon. J., 6, 1-3 (1972).
7.16 Davies, J. E. , e_t al. , "Problems of Prevalence of Pesticide Residues
in Humans", Pest. Mon. J., 2, 80-85 (1968).
7.17 Strassman, S. C. and F. W. Kutz, "Insecticide Residues in Human Milk
from Arkansas and Mississippi, 1973-74", Pest. Mon. J., 10, 130-133
(1977).
7.18 Savage, E. P., et al., "Organochlorine Pesticide Residues and Poly-
chlorinated Biphenyls in Human Milk", Pest. Mon. J. , 7_, 1-3 (1973).
7.19 Kroger, M., "Insecticide Residues in Human Milk", J. Pediat., 80,
401-405 (1972).
7.20 Hagyard, S. G., et al., "DDT and DDE Content of Human Milk in
Arizona", Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 9. 1969-172 (1973).
7.21 Quinby, G. E., et al., "DDT in Human Milk", Nature, 207, 726-728
(1965).
7.22 Laug, E. P., et al., "Occurrence of DDT in Human Fat and Milk", Arch.
Indust. Hyg., 3, 245-246 (1951).
7.23 Wilson, D. J., et al., "DDT Concentrations in Human Milk", Am. J.
Dis. Child, 125, 814-814 (1973).
7.24- Woodard, B. T., et al., "DDT Levels in Milk of Rural Indigent Blacks".
EPA-600/1-76-032 (1976).
7.25 West, I., "Pesticides and Contaminants", Arch. Environ. Health,
9, 626-633 (1964).
7.26 Savage, E. P., et al., "A Search for Polychlorinated Biphenyls in
Human Milk in Rural Colorado", Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.,
9, 222-226 (1973).
7.27 Harps, W. J., Jr., "Storage of Insecticides in the Fat of People of
New Orleans", Life Sci., 4, 1611-1675 (1965).
7.28 Hoffmann, W. S. , e_t al. , "Relationship of Pesticide Concentrations
in Fat to Pathological Changes in Tissues", Arch. Environ. Health,
15, 758-765 (1967).
85
-------
7.29 Casarett, L. J., et al., "Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in
Human Tissue in Hawaii", Arch. Environ. Health, 17_, 306-311 (1968).
7.30 Hoffman, W. J. , et al. , "Relation of Pesticide Concentrations in
Fat to Physiological Changes in Tissue", Arch. Environ. Health,
15, 758-765 (1967).
7.31 Matthews, H. B., et al., "Hair and Its Associated Lipids as an Excre-
tory Pathway for Chlorinated Hydrocarbon", Xenobiotica, 6, 425-429
(1976).
7.32 Edmundson, W. F., et al. , "Dieldrin Storage Levels in Necropsy Adipose
Tissue from a South Florida Population", Pest. Mon. J. , 2, 86-89 (1968).
7.33 Kutz, F. W., et al., "Mirex Residues in Human Adipose Tissue", Environ.
Entomol., 3, 882-5 (1974).
7.34 Kutz, F. W., et al., "Trans-Nonachlor Residues in Human Adipose Tissues",
Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 16, 9-14 (1976).
7.35 Biros, F. J., et al., "Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Human Adipose Tissue",
Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 5, 317-323 (1970).
7.36 Yobs, A. R., "Levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Adipose Tissue
of the General Population of the Nation", Environ. Health Perspect.,
1, 79-81 (1972).
7.37 Price, H. A. and R. L. Welch, "Occurrence of Polychlorinated Biphenyls
in Humans", Environ. Health Perspect., 1, 73-78 (1972).
7.38 Ewing, B. B. , e_t al. , "Monitoring to Detect Previously Unrecognized
Pollutants in Surface Waters", Contract No. 68-01-3234, EPA-560/7-
77-001, July 1977.
7.39 Water Supply Monitoring and Surveillance Program, U. S. EPA, un-
published data.
7.40 Finlay, D. J., et al., "Review of PCB Levels in the Environment", U. S.
EPA, EPA-560/7-76-001, January 1976.
7.41 Haile, C. L., et al., "Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in the Lake Ontario
Ecosystem", Contract No. R-800608, EPA-660/3-75-022, June 1975.
7.42 McCarthy, E. M., "National Survey of Pesticides in Drinking Water",
Contract No. 68-01-2849, June 1976.
86
-------
7.43 Burke, T. A. and R. K. Tucker, "A Preliminary Report, on the Findings
of the State Groundwater Monitoring Project", N. J. Dept. Environ-
mental Protection, March 1978.
7.44 Symond, J. M., et al., "National Organics Reconnaissance Survey for
Halogenated Organics", J. Amer. Water Works Ass., 67_, 634-47 (1975).
7.45 Preliminary Assessment of Suspected Carcinogens in Drinking Water,
Report to Congress, U. S. EPA, O.R.D., December 1975.
7.46 Sampling and Analysis of Selected Toxic Substances: Hexachloro-
butadiene.
7.47 Private communication, N. V. Brodtmann, Jr., Jefferson Parish
Department of Water, Jefferson, LA, 1978.
7.48 Battelle Columbus Laboratories, Environmental Monitoring Near Indus-
trial Sites: Methylchloroform, Contract No. 68-01-1983, EPA-560/5-
77-025, August 1977.
7.49 Battelle Columbus Laboratories, Environmental Monitoring Near
Industrial Sites: Trichloroethylene, Contract No. 68-01-1983,
EPA-560/6-77-024, August 1977.
7.50 Bertsch, W. and E.,Anderson. ."Trace Analysis of Orgario Volatiles
in Water by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry with Glass Capillary
Columns", J. Chromatogr., 112, 701-18 (1975).
7.51 Preliminary Assessment of Suspected Carcinogens in Drinking Water,
Interim Report to Congress, U. S. EPA, O.R.D., April 1975.
7.52 Analytical Report: New Orleans Water Supply Study, U. S. EPA,
Region VI, EPA-906/9-75-003, June 1975.
7.53 Laseter, John L., et al., "An Ecological Study of Hexachlorobutadiene
(HCBD)", EPA Contract No. 68-01-2689, April 1976.
7.54 Industrial Pollution of the Lower Mississippi River in Louisiana,
U. S. EPA, Region VI, 1972.
7.55 Keith, L. H. , et. a_l. , "Identification of Organic Compounds in
Drinking Water from Thirteen U. S. Cities", in Identification and
Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Water, L. H. Keith, ed., pp. 329-
373 (1976).
87
-------
7.56 Going, J. E. and J. L. Spigarelli, "Environmental Monitoring Near
Industrial Sites: Vinylidene Chloride", Contract No. 68-01-4115,
EPA-560/6-77-026, October 1977.
7.57 Schafer, M. L. , et al., "Pesticides in Drinking Water; Waters from
the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers", Environ. Sci. Technol., 3_(12) ,
1261-9 (1969).
7.58 Kraybill, H. F., "Distribution of Chemical Carcinogens in Aquacic
Environments", Tumor Res., 20, 3-34 (1976).
7.59 Private Communication, J. Smith, O.T.S., EPA, Washington, DC., 1978.
7.60 Pellizzari, E. D., "Improvement of Methodologies for the Collection
and Analysis of Carcinogenic Vapors", EPA Contract No. 68-02-2764
in press.
7.61 Pellizzari, E. D., "Analysis of Organic,..Air .Pollutants by Gas Chroma-
tography and Mass Spectroscopy", EPA Contract No. 68-02-2262, in press.
7.62 Pellizzari, E. D., "Measurement of Carcinogenic Vapors in Ambient
Atmospheres", EPA-600/7-78-062, April 1978.
88
-------
SECTION 8
MUTAGENIC/CARCINOGENIC ACTIVITY OF HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS
A summary of mutagenicity and carcinogenicity data for halogenated organic
compounds to be studied is listed in Table 8-1. This summary is useful not only
for quickly assessing the mutagenicity/carcinogenicity of the study compounds
but also for determining where there is insufficient data which NCI may be
able to supply.
The summary presented in Table 8-1 must be viewed with some caution. The
inaccuracies of the tests and their interpretations are well-known. The defi-
nition of a significant positive result varies from test-to-test and among
investigators. Some of the results summarized in Table 8-1 were not evaluated
in the original citation--the data were presented with no interpretation—and
the evaluation was made by RTI personnel. The experimental quality (controls,
etc.) of some of the citations is also subject to question. In addition,
some of the older references may have produced negative results due to poor
testing sensitivity.
89
-------
Table 8-1. SUMMARY OF MUTAGENICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY DATA ON HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS.
Class
Industrial
Chemicals
Chemical Name
dich lor ome thane
dibromome thane
chloroform
tribromome thane
carbon tetrachloride
dibromodichlor ome thane
vinyl chloride
vinylidine chloride
1 , 2-dichloroethane
1 , 2-d ibromoethane
t rich loroe thy lene
1,1 ,1-trichloroe thane
1,1, 2- t rich loroe thane
tetrachlo roe thy lene
1,1,2 ,2-tetrachloroethane
dichloropropane
2-chlorobutadiene
(chloroprene)
1 ,4-dichloro-2-butene
hexachloro-1 , 3-butadiene
chlorobenzer.e
bromoberzene
o-dichlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
jD-dichlorobenzene
o-chloroaniline
m-chloroaniline
_p_-chloroaniline
benzyl chloride
PCB (Aroclor)
NCI
Test
Status
CBT, CBT
+
CBT
+
+
± CBT (4)
?, CBT
-f, ?, CBT
+
CBT
CBT
CBT
Carcino'
genicir
±
+
+
+
+
+
±
+ (?)
-
?
-
+ (?)
?
-
^
Terato-
genicit
-
-
-
MUTAGENICITY
CO
Bacteri
+ ?
+
+
+
±
•f
+
+
+
+
+
-
+ ?
+
SFT
-
SFT
SFT
+
+
C^l
vt
01
0)
en
-H
00
1
+
-
-
+
-
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
Domina
Letha
(Mice
•o
cu
t-l U
CO CO
O -H
HI
4)
4-1
O
References
2,4,13,21
2
3,4,21
4,13
12,13,21
12,13,21
12,18,19,21
2,21
12
1,6-8,21
13,26
4,10,21
4
1,2
12,21
21
4,21
3
12
3,21
3,21
13
3
3
3
12,21
13,20,21
-------
Table 8-1 (cont'd.)
Class
Insecticides
Herbicides
Metabolites
Chemical Name
Dieldrin
DDE
DDT
Aldrin
Heptachlor
O>,£'-DDD
£,£f-DDD
Heptachlor epoxide
Atrazine
chloroacetaldehyde
chloroethanol
trichloroacetic acid
3-chloro-o-cresol
4-chloro-o-cresol
5-chloro-o-cresol
5-chloro-3-methyleatechol .
3,4-dichlorocatechol
3,5-dichlorocatechol
3 ,6-dichlorocatechol
3,4 ,5-t rich lorocatechol
2 ,3-dichlorophenol
2 ,4-dichlorophenol
2 ,5-dichlorophenol
2 ,6-dichlorophenol
3 ,4-dichlorophenol
3,5-dichlorophenol
NCI
Test
Status
± (tech.)
- (purif.)
±
-
+ (tech.)
+
NR
Carcino-
genicit;
+
+
+
+
+
+ (?)
+
+
?
+
Terato-
genicit
+
-
+
MUTAGENICITY
i-*
(0
1
Bacteri
±
-
+
-f
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
—
UJ
id
01
•f
V-*
to
U,
-
"V
•H
3
•H Id
n) i-l
fl
-------
Table 8-1 (cont'd.)
1
Class
Metabolites
(cont'd.)
Chenical Name
2,3,5-trichlorophenol
2,3 ,6-trichlorophenol
2 ,4 ,5-trichlorophenol
2,4 ,6-trichlorophenol
2 , 3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol
chloroacetic acid
NCI
Test
Status
i ?•<
C tl
-H 0
U 'rt
f* C
ID «
O M
—
;>.
O -rt
U U
n -H
V- C
U 01
H 00
MUTAGENICITY
N
41
U
-
-
-
-
*"•
4-1
V)
"•
-H
00
^
-»
S
"H
c
q
HI rH
|3
33 tj
c •-* '-^
a i: "
(j « X
a
•o
U) (4
O -H
tl
*
(|
tl
References
16
16
16
16
16
12,17
VO
to
+ Reported positive.
Reported negative.
1 "Bacteria" includes: Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Klebsciella pneumoniac.
2 Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
3 Neurospora crassa, Aspergillus nidulans.
4 Drosphila raelanogaster.
NCI Data based on Technical Reports and "Chemicals on Standard Protocol", NCI Carcinogenesis Testing
Program, February 1, 1979.
NR No Report, insufficient data.
CBT Currently being tested.
SFT Scheduled lor Test.
-------
REFERENCES — Table 8-1
1. "Carcinogenesis Bioassay of Trichloroethylene", NCI Carcinogenesis
Technical Report Series No. 2, Feb. 1976 (NCI-CG-TR-2).
2. M. Bignam, G. Cardamone, P. Comba, V. A. Ortali, G. Morpurgo, and
A. Carere, Mutat. Res., 46, 243-4 (1977).
3. I. Prasad and D. Pramer, Genetics, 60, 212-3 (1968).
4. J. C. Theiss, G. D. Stoner, M. B. Shimkin, and E. K. Weisberger,
Cancer Res., 37, 2717-2720 (1977).
5. S. K. Majumdar, L. G. Maharam, and G. A. Viglianti, S. Hered., 6J3,
184-5 (1977).
6. G. F. Smith, "Trichloroethylene: A Review", Brit. J. Ind. Med. 23,
249-262 (1966).
7. "Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances in Work-
room Air," Amer. Conf. of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Third
ed. 1971.
8. B. B. Fuller, "Air Pollution Assessment of Trichloroethylene," Feb.
1976 (EPA-7/MTR-7142).
9. R. Johns, "Air Pollution. Assessment-of Tetrachloroethylene", EPA-MTR-
7143, February 1976.
10. B. B. Fuller, "Air Pollution Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene", EPA-
MTR-7143, February 1976.
11. J. R. Sanborn, B. M. Francis, and R. L. Metcalf, "The Degradation of
Selected Pesticides in Soil: A Review of the Published Literature,"
EPA-600/9-77-022 (August 1977).
12. J. McCann, E. Choi, E. Yamasaki, and B. N. Ames, Proc. Nat'l. Acad.
Sci., USA, 72, 5135-5139 (1975).
13. "Drinking Water and Health", National Academy of Sciences, Washington,
DC, 1977.
14. L. Fishbein, "Potential Industrial Carcinogens and Mutagens", EPA-
560/5-77-005, May 1977.'
15. J. McCann, V. Simmon, D. Streitwieser; and B. N. Ames, Proc. Nat'l.
Acad. Sci., USA, 72, 3190-3193 (1975).
16. L. Rasanan, M. L. Hattula, and A. U. Arstila, Bull. Environ. Contain.
Toxicol. , 18, 565-71 (1977).
93
-------
17. "Criteria for a Recommended Standard . . . Occupational Exposure to
Ethylene Bichloride (1,2-dichloroethane)", (NIOSH) 76-139, March 1976.
18. J. Hushon and M. Kornreich, "Air Pollution Assessment of Vinylidine
Chloride," EPA-MTR-7230 (PB 256 738), May 1976.
19. R. D. Huffman and P. Desai-Greenaway, "Health and Environmental Impacts:
Task 1, Vinylidine Chloride" EPA-560/6-76-023 (October 1976),
20. Chemical and Engineering News, Apr. 24, 1978, p. 15.
21. Environmental Mutagen Information Center Data Bank, Oak Ridge National
Labs, Oak Ridge, Tenn.
94
-------
SECTION 9
BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY OF HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS
The biological chemistry of the halogenated hydrocarbons is central to
this research project. In order to make any correlation among the environ-
mental levels, body-burden, and disease incidence, the uptake, metabolism,
and excretion of halogenated hydrocarbons must be considered. To this end,
the literature on uptake, metabolism, and excretion has been reviewed and is
summarized in this report.
In addition, the potential use of indirect indications of cancer was
investigated. A number of biological indicators were considered, including
plasma alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SCOT),
y-glutamyl transpeptidase, ornithine carbamyl transferase, serum aryl hydro-
carbon hydroxylase, and alphafetoprotein. Unfortunately, only the Carcino-
embryonic Assay presented any realistic hope of providing data relevant to
this program. Other assays were insensitive, too complex for the available
level of effort, or did not have a large data base with which to compare the
results of this study.
The summary of the halogenated hydrocarbon metabolism literature and a
discussion of CEA, including background and pretest results, are presented
below. The deficiencies of the available scientific data and methodology
are acknowledged: lack of data on uptake from environmental levels, lack of
metabolism data for some compounds, lack of excretion kinetics for many
compounds, and lack of more definitive biochemical assays to augment chemical
analyses. However, it is felt that the available data and techniques will
be invaluable to this study.
METABOLISM OF HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS
The biological chemistry of the study compounds is important for several
reasons: if compounds are readily metabolized, the metabolites may be the
95
-------
analytes of interest for biological fluids. In addition, the mutagenicity/
carcinogenicity of the metabolites must be known. • In order to assess the
body-burden, the residence time in the body must be known. The half-life of
the halogenated organics under study varies from a few hours (e.g., methylene
chloride) to several years (e.g., pesticides). The route of excretion is
important to determine which biological samples are most important (breath,
blood, urine, or tissue).
In an effort to resolve these issues, a summary of the known biological
chemistry of the halogenated organics under study has been prepared and is
presented in Appendix B. The major portion of this summary, Table B-l, was
taken from "Metabolism Summaries of Selected Halogenated Organic Compounds
in Man and Environmental Media, A Literature Survey" by R. Huffman, C.
Latanich, T. Collins and .J. Caldwell which was prepared by Tracer Jitco for
Dr. Joseph Breen, Survey and Analysis Division, Office of Program Interpreta-
tion and Information, Office of Toxic Substances, EPA, under Contract No.
68-02-4116, Task 19. The data presented in Table B-l were specially format-
ted by Tracer Jitco personnel for this study. These summaries are the
result of an intensive effort to comprehensively review the literature for
these compounds.
The metabolism of the pesticides to be studied is summarized in Table
B-2. Data on the kinetics of these metabolism/elimination reactions were
found only for dieldrin in pigeons and atrazine in pigs. It may be assumed
that for DDT, DDE, and heptachlor, the half-life of the pesticide or its
major metabolite is very long (several years) in humans.
POTENTIAL UTILITY OF RADIOIMMUNOASSAY—CARCINOEMBRYONIC ANTIGEN
In the search for diagnostic tools for the early detection of cancer,
many biochemical markers have been examined. Few biochemical markers are
altered until extensive tumor growth has occurred. The unique exception to
this is the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). It is a small protein present
in the developing embryo and some cancers. Plasma levels of CEA have been
used to monitor the clinical progress of some tumors. Its use as a diagnostic
tool has been impaired by high numbers of false positive and false negative
results. In addition, there is conflicting opinion on the threshold value
96
-------
for a positive finding. In spite of these drawbacks, the determination of
CEA is valuable since elevated levels of CEA have been the only predictive
biochemical marker for cancer. Elevated serum levels have been found in
patients with no clinical evidence of carcinoma who later developed carcinomas
A rise in CEA frequently precedes tumor recurrence after surgery, chemotherapy
or radiation treatment.
For the purposes of this study the question of whether a particular
individual does or does not have cancer is not as important as the incidence
of cancer in different populations. A considerable body of data exists on
CEA blood levels in various populations and can be used to evaluate the
populations in this study.
Historical Data Base for the Correlation of CEA and Disease State and
Smoking
Normal healthy subjects with no smoking history were examined for their
CEA titres using a radioimmunoassay (RIA) procedure according to Hansen (1).
These results are summarized in Table 9-1. Approximately equal numbers of
male and female subjects were represented among the 1425 individuals studied.
Another group of 2107 subjects with no known disease was evaluated for CEA
levels. These results are summarized in Table 9-2. Some malignant and non-
malignant disease states influence the levels of CEA. For example, the
levels in 2033 patients with clinically diagnosed malignant disease are given
in Table 9-3. The levels for non-malignant conditions are given in Table 9-4.
All of the data presented in Tables 9-1 through 9-4 were derived using
the Hansen method (1). Other RIA methods have been used and are listed with
their unique characteristics in Table 9-5. Due to the commercial availa-
bility of the Hansen RIA procedure as a kit and the large population data
base, this is the method of choice.
Urinary CEA levels have been determined and a correlation with certain
diseases exists. Table 9-6 shows some of these results. It may be useful
to determine CEA in urine even though the results are somewhat ambiguous due
to the elevation of CEA by urinary infections.
97
-------
Table 9-1. CEA TITRES IN HEALTHY NON-SMOKING SUBJECTS
00
Age
<20
21-30
31-40
41-50
51-60
61-70
<70
All ages
No. of
Subjects
224
506
248
202
111
99
35
1425
0.0-2.5
94.6
92.1
88.7
80.2
77.5
85.9
85.7
88.5
Percentage of Subjects
ng/ml 2.6-50.0 ng/ml
4.5
7.3
10.5
19.3
17.1
10.1
11.4
10.2
Having CEA Levels
5.1-10.0 ng/ml
0.9
0.6
0.8
0.5
5.4
3.0
2.9
1.2
In Each Range
10.1-20.0 ng/ml
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.1
>20 ng/ml
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
^
Reference 1.
-------
*
Table 9-2. CEA TITRES IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS - SMOKERS, NON-SMOKERS AND PREGNANT FEMALES
Subject
Type
Non-smokers
Presently smoking
Former smokers
Pregnant females
No.
892
620
235
360
Percentage
0.0 - 2.5 ng/ml
97.0
81.0
93.2
96.1
of Subjects Having
2.6 - 5.0 ng/ml
2.8
15.0
5.1
3.0
CEA Levels
5.1 - 10.0
0.2
3.1
0.8
0.8
In Each Range
ng/ml >10.0 ng/ml
0.0
0.9
0.8
0.0
*
Reference 1
-------
Table 9-3. CEA TITRES IN PATIENTS WITH CLINICALLY SUSPECTED MALIGNANT DISEASE
o
o
Disease (site)
Carcinomas
colorectura
lung
pancreas
stomach
breast
other
Non-carcinoma malignant disease
malignant lytnphoma
sarcoma
acute and chronic leukemia
other=
Non-malignant disease
normal
benign tumor
hyperplasia
other@
No. of
Subjects
544
181
55
79
125
343
72
38
40
78
62
143
45
231
Percentage of
0.0 - 2.5 ng/ml 2.6
28
24
9
39
53
51
65
69
63
50
81
82
79
86
Patients Having
- 5.0 ng/ml 5.
23
25
31
32
20
28
24
26
25
41
16
12
17
11
CEA
1 -
14
25
25
10
13
12
11
5
7
8
3
6
4
3
Levels In Each Range
10.0 ng/ral >10 ng/ml
35
26
35
19
14
9
0
0
5
1
0
0
0
0
Reference 1
Prostate, head, neck, ovary, cervix.
Multiple myeloma, astrocyatoma, mesothelioma and neuroblastoma.
"Crolin's disease, fibrocystic disease, colitis, pancreatitis.
-------
Table 9-4. CEA TITRES IN 3340 PATIENTS WITH NON-MALIGNANT DISORDERS
o
Percentage of Patients Having CEA
Levels in Each Range (ng/ml)
Disorder
pulmonary emphysema
alcoholic cirrhosis
ulcerative colitis
regional ileitis
granulomatous colitis
gastric qlcer
duodenal ulcer
rectal polyps
diverticulitis
breast disease
(benign)
osteoarthritis
myasthenia gravis
bronchitis
obesity
hernia
diabetes
heart condition
hypertension
No. of
Patients
49
120
146
97
59
94
166
90
84
115
112
183
61
55
103
230
289
156
0.0 - 2.5
43
30
69
60
53
55
70
81
73
85
70
82
67
69
77
62
61
72
2.6 - 5.0
37
44
18
27
27
29
22
15
20
11
24
17
25
28
22
34
32
26
5.1 - 10.0.
16
24
8
11
15
15
6
3
5
4
5
1
7
3
1
3
5
2
10.0
4
2
5
2
5
1
2
1
2
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
2
0
(continued)
-------
Table 9-4 (cont'd.)
o
N>
Percentage of Patients Having CEA
Levels In Each Range (ng/ml)
Disorder
Crohn's disease
hemorrhoids
divertlculosls
pancreatitis
hypo thyroid ism
kidney transplant
anemia
cholelithiases
cholecystitis
alcohol addiction
pneumonia
tuberculosis
hepatitis
other d'isoru^rs
No. of
Patients
29
49
58
95
47
45
70
54
39
37
28
30
69
481
0.0 - 2.5
86
67
59
47
68
44
57
82
77
35
54
63
70
67
2.6 - 5.0
12
28
38
31
28
39
34
17
17
40
42
35
29
28
5.1 - 10.0
2
4
3
18
4
12
8
1
5
13
4
2
1
5
10,0
0
1
0
4
0
5
1
0
1
12
1
0
0
0
Reference 1.
-------
Table 9-5. COMPARISON OF RIA METHODS FOR CEA
Method
(References)
Hansen (1)
Thomson (2)
Egan (3)
McPherson (4)
Coller (5)
MacSween (6)
H-*
S Go (7)
Preliminary
Extraction
1.0 M HC10.
— 4
1.0 HC10.
4
none
none
none
none
none
Method of Separating
CEA from CEA - anti CEA
zirconylphosphate gel
50% (NH,)0SO.
42 4
second antibody
solid phase
radioimmunoelectrophoresis
second antibody
zirconylphosphate gel
Lapsed Time
for assay (Days)
2
5
2
5
0.083
2
2
Upper Limit
of "normal"
2.5 ng/ml
2.5 ng/ml
16 ng/ml
2.5 ng/ml
not quantitative
5.0 ng/ml
2.0 ng/ml
Population
assayed
>10,000
-vlOO
unknown
unknown
unknown
unknown
unknown
-------
Table 9-6. URINARY CEA LEVELS IN HEALTHY SUBJECTS AND SEVERAL DISORDERS
Health Status
Normal controls
Carcinoma of the bladder:
1) Treated with no evidence of
recurrence of tumor
2) with secondary infection
Non-urethelial malignant tumors
Benign disease
Urinary infection
Sex
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
F
M
F
No.
<35
42
30
16
2
32
9
2
0
16
5
6
3
0
0
of Subjects in Each
(ng/ml)
35-60
3
8
5
2
1
1
2
0
0
3
1
0
0
1
61-100
1
4
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
Range
>100
1
6
20
9
1
0
13
3
0
2
0
1
5
3
Positive
To
Total
5/47
6/48
31/47
9/13
2/37
0/10
5/17
3/3
0/16
2/11
1/7
1/5
5/5
3/4
n
Reference 8,
The threshold for positive CEA in urine was 35 ng/ml for men and 100 ng/ml for women.
-------
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) Analysis on Residents of the Old Love
Canal Area of Niagara Falls, NY -- A Pilot Study
Blood samples from the nine participants in the pilot study at "Old Love"
Canal, Niagara Falls, NY were analyzed for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) by
the procedure specified for the CEA-Roche Kit (Roche Diagnostics, Nutley,
NJ). Briefly, the elements of this procedure are described below.
Collection of Samples
The blood samples were collected in 10 ml Vacutainer tubes containing
EDTA and potassium sorbate (#4759 Vacutainer, Becton Dickinson and Company).
The samples were centrifuged immediately for 30 min in a clinical centrifuge,
and the plasma was withdrawn and placed in labelled containers. These
samples were refrigerated until they were returned to the laboratory where
they were frozen until analyzed.
Indirect Assay for CEA
Perchloric Acid Extraction—Duplicate aliquots of each plasma sample
(0.5 ml) were diluted with 2 ml of 0.85% Nad and mixed. 2.5 ml of perchloric
acid (1.2 M) was added to each tube and mixed. The samples were then centri-
fuged for 20 min at 1000 x g and the supernatants decanted into dialysis
bags. The bags were labelled and securely fastened before dialysis against
water (250 ml/bag) with 4 changes of water and a minimum of 3 hr between
changes with thorough mixing maintained throughout the dialysis. A final
dialysis was performed against 0.01 M ammonium acetate (pH 6.5 + 0.2). The
extracts were then assayed by the radioimmunoassay (RIA) procedure.
RIA Procedure—Standards were prepared by adding 5 ml of the EDTA
buffer (provided in the kit) to each of 5 pairs of labelled tubes. Aliquots
of the CEA standard were added to each to provide duplicate standards with 0,
1.25, 3.125, 6.25 and 12.5 ng CEA per sample. The contents of each dialysis
bag were placed in labelled tubes and treated exactly like the standards
above. CEA antiserum (25 |Jl) was added to each tube (in small batches to
facilitate accurate timing) and mixed. The tubes were incubated at 45°C for
125
30 min and removed. Twenty-five (Jl of I-CEA was added, mixed, and incuba-
ted as above for 30 min. 2.5 ml Z-gel (Zirconyl phosphate gel provided in
the kit) was added, rapidly mixed, and centrifuged at 1000 x g for 5 min.
105
-------
The supernatants were decanted. The Z-gel was further washed with 5 ml of
0.1 M ammonium acetate by mixing, centrifuging and decanting the supernatant.
The remaining Z-gel was counted in a gamma scintillation spectrometer. A
calibration curve was constructed from the standards and used to estimate
the sample concentrations.
Results and Discussion
The results of the analysis of the 9 participants in the pilot study
are given in Table 9-7. The CEA-Roche procedure indicates standard deviations
are roughly +0.5 ng/ml in the 0 to 5 ng/ml range.
CEA levels are not considered elevated until they exceed 2.5 ng/ml by
this procedure. Three individuals from "Old Love" Canal fall into that
category. In a normal healthy population of non-smokers the predicted
frequency of elevated CEA is 3 in 100 and 19 per 100 for smokers. Of the 9
participants in this study, 5 were smokers. By using a weighted average
incidence of elevated CEA levels for smokers -and non-smokers, th^ 3 elevated
CEA levels in this pilot study was of borderline significance (barely signi-
ficant at the 90% confidence level). This is a very small population to
attempt to analyze statistically; however, it does demonstrate the approach.
106
-------
Table 9-7. PLASMA CEA LEVELS IN THE "OLD LOVE" CANAL STUDY
Sample No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
Mean ng/ml
1.40
2.58+
1.98
1.18
3.02#
2.29
1.11
1.91
2.74#
A
Standard Error
ng/ml
0.46
—
0.21
0.21
0.69
0.27
0.66
0.30
0.50
The standard error was computed from (s , , + s~ .. )n
standards samples
Initial assay resulted in loss of one sample. A separate assay was
made after the expiration date of the Kit.
Initial assay resulted in loss of one sample and insufficient plasma
remained for a repeat.
107
-------
REFERENCES
Hansen, H. J., J. J. Snyder, E. Miller, J. P- Vandervoorde, 0. N.
Miller, L. R. Hines, and J. J. Bums. Carcinoembryonic Antigen
(CEA) Assay. Human Pathology, 5:139-147, 1974.
Thompson, D. M. P., J. Krupey, S. 0. Freedman, and P. Gold. The
Radioimmunoassay of Circulating Carcinoembryonic Antigen of the
Human Digestive System. Proc. Nat"l. Acad. Sci., 64:161-167, 1969.
Egan, M. L., J. T. Lautenschleger, J. E. Coligan, and C. W. Todd.
Radioimmune Assay of Carcinoembryonic Antigen. Immunochem., 9:289-
299, 1977.
McPherson, T. A., P. R. Band, M. Grace, H. A. Hyde, and V. C.
Patwardhan. Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA): Comparison of the
Farr and Solid-Phase Methods for Detection of CEA. Int. J. Cancer,
12:42-54, 1973.
Coller, J. A., R. W. Corichlow, and L. K. Yin. Radioimmunrelectro-
phoretic Binding Assay for the Detection of Carcinoembryonic Anti-
gen. Cancer Res., 33:1684-1688, 1973.
MacSween, J. M., N. L. Warner, A. D. Bankhurst, and I. R. MacKay.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Whole Serum. Brit. J. Cancer, 26:356-
360, 1972.
Go, V. L. W., A. J. Schutt, C. G. Moertel, W. H. J. Summerskill,
and H. R. Butt. Radioimmunoassay of Carcinoembryonic Antigen
(CEA). A Modified Method and a Clinical Evaluation. Gastroentero-
logy, 62:7540, 1972.
Hall, R. R., D. J. R. Laurence, A. Munro Neville, and D. M. Wallace.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Urothelial Carcinoma. Brit. J. Urology,
45:88-92, 1973.
108
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SECTION 10
DEMOGRAPHIC AND METEOROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF
SEVERAL POTENTIAL STUDY SITES
To assist in both, the site selection and data interpretation, demo-
graphic and meteorological data have been collected for the potential study
sites. The data collected include: wind roses, population density maps,
USGS topographic maps, other local maps, aerial photographs, and water
sources. In addition, RTI has all of the US Census data, in both hard copy
and computer tapes, which may be accessed if necessary.
HISTORIC METEOROLOGICAL DATA (WIND ROSES)
Wind data for the study areas were obtained from the National Oceano-
graphic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Asheville, NC and converted
to wind roses. The wind roses, shown in Appendix C, will be invaluable for
planning sampling strategies and for estimating population exposures.
MAPS
Topographic maps (7-1/2 minute) were obtained for all of the potential
study sites. These maps are useful for obtaining plant coordinates for
population mapping and aerial photographs, roughly determining the population
near the potential sites, determining the topography, and selecting sampling
locations.
Maps from other sources (commercial, state, local government, chamber
of commerce, banks, etc.) have been collected as available. These maps are
generally more up-to-date and often give pertinent information such as plant
names and street names which are not always given on the USGS maps.
POPULATION DENSITY MAPPING FOR STUDY AREAS
Arrangements were made with the Bureau of the Census through the
Project Officer to obtain population density maps for the plant sites of
interest to this study. The population density maps for the study areas are
shown in Appendix D. The population density maps provide information
109
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pertinent not only to selection of sampling locations but also for the
epidemiological studies later in this program.
The exact locations for the plants at the study sites were determined
by discussion with EPA personnel, state and local officials, and RTI personnel
who have been to the areas. The plants were then located on USGS 7-1/2"
quadrangle maps and the longitude and latitude calculated. Table 6-1 lists
the plants of interest, their locations, compounds produced, and the popula-
tion radius selected for mapping. Some plant coordinates are missing, where
the plant could not be pinpointed on a map. These locations will be filled
in following the first trip to an area.
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY
Aerial (or satellite) photographs of selected plant sites were obtained
by the. Project Officer, J. Breen, from EPA-EMSL, Remote Sensing Division-Las
Vegas. The photographs are extremely helpful, in conjunction with the maps,
for determining industrial vs. residential areas. In addition, such factors
as tree cover are obtainable. For the maps thus far obtained, overlays have
been constructed showing the plants, points of interest, and, where applicable,
previous sampling locations.
As an example, parts of two aerial photographs for Baton Rouge, LA have
been reproduced here,. The photographs are shown in Figure 10-1 and 10-3.
It should be noted that the photograph received from the EPA was in color
(infrared). The overlays for the areas shown in Figure 10-1 and 10-3 are
reproduced in Figures 10-2 and 10-4, respectively. Not only are the plants
of interest to this study (Allied North, Allied South and Ethyl) shown, tut
also several other nearby industries.
Additional aerial photographs are being prepared and will be treated in
a similar manner when received.
WATER SOURCES
The water companies serving the sampling sites in New Jersey are
listed in Table 10-1. Similar data will be obtained for the other areas as
the study progresses.
The Niagara Falls water treatment plant is located immediately to the
East of the Hooker chemical complex. The water intakes are about AGO m out
110
-------
Reproduced from
best available copy.
Figure 10-1.
Aerial photograph (black and white copy of color print) of
Allied North and surrounding area, Baton Rouge, LA. Scale
of original is 1:12,000. Size of original is 46 x 46 cm.
Ill
-------
Cement
Plant
Kaiser
Aluminum
Exxon
Refinery
Figure 10-2. Reproduction of transparent overlay for Figure 10-1
showing rough outlines of plant sites.
112
-------
..;
Figure 10-3.
Infrared aerial photograph (black and white copy of color print) of Allied
North, Allied South, Ethyl, and surrounding area, Baton Rouge, LA. Scale
of original is 1:24,000. Size of original is 50 x 60 cm; area shown is
is 32.5 x 50 cm.
.
5.S
0°
o 3
t>
-------
Figure 10-4.
Reproduction of transparent overlay for Figure 10-3 showing rough outlines of
plant sites and other major features.
-------
Table 10-1. WATER COMPANIES SERVING THE SAMPLING SITES IN NEW JERSEY
Municipality
Edison
Metuchen
Fords
Hopelawn
Water Company
Middlesex Water Co.
1 Woodbridge Center
Phone No. Contact
634-1500 Mr. Bastian
Mr. Mullen
Perth Amboy
South Amboy Jet.
Sayreville
Milltown
New Brunswick
Perth Amboy Water Co.
590 Smith St.
Perth Amboy
South Amboy Water Co.
Sayreville Water Co.
Milltown Water Co.
New Brunswick Water Co.
76 Bayard
826-0290
Mr. Langenohl
727-0171
Mr. Piatek
745-5061 Don Carey
Bound Brook
Rutherford
E. Rutherford
Carlstadt
Woodridge
Moonachie
Secaucus
Elizabethtown Water 'Co. 354-4444 Mr. Caden
Hackensack Water Co. 863-0500 Don Hoven
Source: Harry Smith, USEPA, Region II, New York
115
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from the treatment plant in the Niagara River. This treatment plant serves
the entire city.
RECONNAISSANCE OF THE NEW JERSEY STUDY AREA
On July 13, 1978, Dr. M. D. Erickson of RTI drove through some of the
potential study sites in northern New Jersey. Upon inspection, many potential
sites could be eliminated for one reason or another.
Tenneco.--Tenneco, Ashland, and Hatco/Grace are located near the
Raritan River on bottomland. Ashland manufactures alkyl cresols; Hatco/-
Grace manufactures plasticizers (phthalates and adipates); the town of Fords
represents a moderate study population and is generally considered downwind
from Tenneco although an elevated freeway (New Jersey 440) may interfere
with the air flow to the population area. Nevertheless, this site may be
acceptable for purposes of this program.
Tremley Point (DuPont, GAF, American Cyanamid).—Tremley Point is a
massive, sprawling industrial park. Because many large, non-halogenated-
hydrocarbon-producing industries are located in this area (for example,
Exxon Bayway Refinery), because the population in Linden is somewhat removed
(>3 kilometers) and population densities to the north and east lie in New
York (Staten Island) outside of the study area, and because GAF is currently
not operating (according to Dr. Menczel of Region II), this site appears to
be somewhat less than ideal as a suitable study site for this program.
Prentiss Drug and Chemical and Troy Chemical.—These companies are
located near Wilson Avenue in Newark. The area is an old, decaying indus-
trial park. The nearby population is primarily located upwind (to the
west), although a sparse population to the north may be downwind during some
of the time according to our meteorological data. The site is further
complicated by other industries in the nearby area and heavy traffic on the
skyway and turnpikes near Doremus Avenue. This does not appear to be a
suitable site for this program.
White Chemical Company.--This company is located just east of the
residential neighborhoods of Bayonne at the beginning of a sprawling indus-
trial area on Constable Hook. The prevailing winds of this area result in
the Hudson River being downwind; the population to the south (about 1 kilometer)
116
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is on Staten Island, NT which may be considered outside the study area. A
large amount of non-halogenated industry is in the vicinity. Thus the site
may be unsuitable for study.
UOP.—UOP is located along a four-lane artery (New Jersey 17) in East
Rutherford. To the east, are the Meadowlands and Sports Complex. To the
west beginning within three blocks is a dense housing area. Thus the predomi-
nant downwind locations are unpopulated. In addition, Region II personnel
have advised RTI that the Rutherford area is highly sensitized because of
the recent discovery of a high incidence of childhood leukemia and Hodgkin's
disease. This site has been under intensive study by the State, EPA, CDC
and others.
Givaudan and Cosan.—In Clifton, NJ these two companies are about three
blocks apart and are in a nearly ideal setting. The population surrounds
the companies on all four sides, both close and at a distance. A minimum of
non-halogenated hydrocarbon industry is present. Minwax Plant #2, Passaic
Adhesive Chemical Company, and Rubber and Latex Company are all very small
nearby plants. Cosan Chemical Company is a very small operation. Givaudan
is, however, a very large complex of buildings, both manufacturing•and
office, with an estimated 500-1000 people working at the time the site visit
was made. The volume of HHC's produced and used is probably very low and
requires further investigation to justify the selection of this site.
Standard Chlorine Chemical Company.--This company is located in the
Meadowlands at least 2 kilometers from any significant population. Despite
the fact that they produce large quantities of chlorinated benzenes (75, 75
and 18 million pounds per year capacities for mono-, di-, and 1,2,4-trichloro-
benzene, respectively, according to 1977 Directory of Chemical Producers -
USA, Chemical Information Services, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA,
94025) the population is rather distant. The concentrations of HHC's probably
decrease to very low levels before reaching the communities and thus human
exposure would be extremely small. However, further consideration needs to
be given to this site.
117
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SECTION 11
SITES AND HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS SELECTED FOR A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
BETWEEN MAN AND THE ENVIRONMENT
This section utilizes the information in the previous Sections 5-10 in
selecting the sites and halogenated hydrocarbons for monitoring in the
environment to make a comparative analysis between man and the environment.
In keeping with the acquisition of information according to the schematic
shown in Figure 4-1, this section attempts to focus on the study design pro-
posed for the program based on the uncovered information. Discussed here
are the events which lead to the halogenated hydrocarbons to be monitored
in the selected geographical areas in the respective environmental media in
an attempt to demonstrate their dosage to man with the subsequent monitoring
of the human sample to establish a human body-burden.
SUMMARY OF MOST PREVALENT HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS
Vapor-Phase
The vapor-phase halogenated hydrocarbons which occurred at the higher
concentrations in air and water were ranked and are listed in Tables 11-1 -
11-4. The compounds were divided into two groups, those which are considered
to be ubiquitous, i.e. occurring at all of the geographical areas and dif-
ferent primarily only in concentration and those which are considered to be
areas specific. A comparison of the halogenated hydrocarbons listed in
Tables 11-1 - 11-4 reveals a particularly interesting trend. For the most
part, those which are considered major compounds and ubiquitous in air are
also commonly found in water.
Of the many compounds which were identified and measured and reported in
Section 7, the most prevalent ones were selected for representation in these
tables. Attention was given primarily to the mean concentration at which
these compounds occurred and their mutagenic, carcinogenic or toxicity data.
118
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Table 11-1. PREVALENT HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN AMBIENT AIR AND WATER
OF NIAGARA FALLS AND BUFFALO, NY
Medium
Air
Water
Ubiquitous
chloroform
tetrachloroethylene
1,1,1-trichloroethane
trichloroethylene
carbon tetrachloride
bromodichlorome thane
chloroform
tetrachloroethylene
chlorodibromome thane
m-dichloro benzene
1,1, 1-trichloroe thane
carbon tetrachloride
Mean Cone.
89,000 ng/m3
6,800
3,600
540
1,700
8.3 pg/a
3.1
2.0
2.0
0.4
0.3
Occurrence
Area Specific
chlorobenzotrifluoride isomers
chloro toluene isomers
trichlorobenzene isomers
trichlorotoluene isomers
1 , 3-hexachlorobutadiene
dichlorotoluene isomers
dichlorobenzotrif luoride
tetrachlorobenzene isomers
trichlorobenzene isomers
1 , 3-hexachlorobutadiene
bromoform
Mean Cone.
11,400 ng/m3
6,800
2,300
320
250
310
193
1.5 yg/£
0.5
0.07
0.05
-------
Table 11-2. PREVALENT HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN AMBIENT AIR AND WATER
OF RAHWAY/WOODBRIDGE, BOUNDBROOK AND PASSAIC, NJ
Medium
Ubiquitous
Occurrence
Mean Cone.
Area Specific
Mean Cone.
Air tetrachloroethylene
trichloroethylene
1,1,1-trichloroethane
1,2-dichloroethane
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride
o^,tn,f>-dichlorobenzenes
chlorobenzene
Water dichlorobenzene
trichloroethane
chloroform
trichloroethylene
dichloroethane
bromodichloroethane
bromodichloromethane
tetrachloroethylene
dlbromochloromethane
210,000 ng/nT
125,000 ,
62,000
96,000
47,000
29,000
11,000
2,700
209
42
14
7
5
5
3.7
3.6
3.3
1,1,2-trichloroethane
vinyl chloride
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
chloronitrobenzene
methyl trichlorophenoxy acetate
methyl dichlorophenoxy acetate
bromopropylbenzene
bromobenzene
tetrachloroethane
dichloroethylene
9,000 ng/nT
1,200
1,000
750
10
7
5
3.5
3
3
2.5
1.8
-------
Table 11-3. PREVALENT HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS OCCURRING IN AMBIENT AIR AND WATER
OF BATON ROUGE, GEISMAR AND PLAQUEMINE, LA
Medium
Ubiquitous
Occurrence
Mean
Area Specific
Mean
Air
Water
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
1,1,1-trichloroethane
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
1,1-dichloroethane
trichloroethylene
chloroform
trichloroethane
diehloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
dichlorobenzene
chlorodibromomethane
tetrachloroethylene
,500 ng/m"
,656
811
605
142
118
86
96
20
11
7.7
7.1
4.2
3.5
1.9
1,1,2-trichloroethane
1,2-dichloroethylene
dichlorobutane
1,2-dichloropropane
vinylidene chloride
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
bromobenzene
1,2-dichloroethylene
hexachloroe thane
632 ng/nf
472
409
306
78
70
13 yg/Jl
4
1.6
-------
Table 11-4. PREVALENT HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS OCCURRING IN AMBIENT AIR AND WATER
OF HOUSTON, DEER PARK AND PASADENA, TX
Occurrence
Med ium
Air
Water
Ubiquitous
1 , 2-dichloroethane
1,1, 1- trichloroethane
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
o,m,£-dichlorobenzenes
tetrachloroethylene
1 , 1-dichloroethane
chlorobenzene
trichloroethylene
trichloroethane
dichlorobenzene
carbon tetrachloride
chloroform
tetrachloroethylene
Mean Cone.
3,162 ng/m
2,428
1,000
532
345
300 O100 ea.)
189
162
164
54 yg/fc
24
21
13
9
8
,
Area Specific
1 , 2-dichloroethylene
1,1, 2- trichloroethane
chloroprene
dichloropropane isomer
vinylidene chloride
pen tachloroe thane
hexachloro ethane
trichlofobutane
trichloropentane
bis- (chloroisopropyl) ether
trichlorohexane
dichlorobutane
dichloroheptane
chloroprene dimer
pentachloroanisole
Mean Cone.
697 ng/m3
584
251
243
188
156
121
185 yg/fc
92
19
16
8
4
2
2
-------
Pesticides
Table 11-5 presents the ranking of the pesticides and PCB's by reported
concentrations in human fat and milk. These data represent a summary of the
information which was presented in Section 7 which indicated that the pre-
dominant concentration of pesticides and PCB occurred in fat and milk. For
the pesticides which were measured, the predominant species were DDE, DDT,
mirex and PCB's. Although these data were not exclusively obtained for the
areas selected for study in this program, they do represent a general trend
upon which a selection of the pesticides for monitoring in human tissue and
milk can be made for the five geographical areas.
EXTRAPOLATED DOSAGE OF HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS TO MAN
The potential human 24 hr dosage based upon the mean concentrations of
halogenated hydrocarbons for the four geographical areas (Houston, Baton
Rouge, NJ, and Niagara/Buffalo, NY) are presented in Tables 11-6 - 11-9.
The dosage was calculated using a human air and water intake of 8,640 2/24
hrs and 1 2/24 hrs, respectively. Based upon the average concentrations
which were given in- the previous table (11-1 - 11-4), the potential dosage
from air + water was determined. As in the previous tables, the compounds
were again grouped according to their occurrence as ubiquitous or area speci-
fic.
The general criterion which was used for selecting an arbitrary cut-off
point was a potential dosage of ^1 pg/24 hrs of a substance. An estimation
can be made as to whether it is possible to detect using the current analyti-
cal methodology, the halogenated hydrocarbons diluted in 8 2, of human blood
(average man 70 kg) for a dosage of 1 |Jg/24 hrs. This calculation of course
does not account for the half-life (metabolism and/or excretion) of a compound;
however it does provide an estimation of the maximum quantity of halogenated
hydrocarbon which might be present in the blood. From this value, then it can
be determined whether it is potentially possible to detect a compound by the
analytical techniques to be employed. An example of such calculation is as
follows:
3 3
[air cone, (pg/m ) x air intake (m /24 hr)] +
Blood Level (jjg/£) = [water conc./Hg/2)x water intake Mg/A)
o J6
123
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Table 11-5. RANKING OF PESTICIDES AND PCB's BY REPORTED CONCENTRATIONS
IN HUMAN FAT AND MILK
Compound
DDE
DDT
Mlrex
PCB's
BHC
Dieldrin
Heptachlor epoxlde
ODD
t-Nonachlor
Oxychlordane
End r in
Wtd . Mean
Cone.
4,836
2,651
2,500
2,080
472
155
145
95
50
<30
Fat3
Number
of Samples
2,444
1,545
6
836
1,044
659
672
114
5
246
Milkb
Wtd. Mean
Cone.
99
94
<10
3.4
4.0
3.5
4
1
5
Number
of Samples
103
100
96
106
92
71
54
57
57
All fa: and adipose tissue samples included, except milk fat, cone. = ppb.
Whole raijk only.
•~t
"All isomers summed.
Mean value calculated from a weighted mean of values in Table 7-4. Where either the mean or number
of samples analyzed were unavailable, the data were excluded from calculation.
-------
Table 11-6. TOTAL POTENTIAL 24 HR DOSE OF HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS TO HUMANS FROM
AIR AND WATER IN NIAGARA FALLS AND BUFFALO, NY
fo
Oi
Ubiquitous
Compound
chloroform
tetrachloroethylene
1,1, 1-trlchloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
bromodichlorome thane
chlorodibromome thane
Media
A,W
A,W
A,W
A,W
W
W
Total:
ng/24 hr
772,060
60,752
31,404
14,690
8,300
2,000
889,200
Area Specific
Compound
chlorobenzotrif luoride isomers
chlorotoluene isomers
trichloroebenzene isomers
trichlorotoluene isomers
dichlorotoluene isomers
1, 3-hexachlorobutadiene
dichlorobenzotrif luoride
Media
A
A
A,W
A
A
A,W
A
Total:
ng/24 hr
98,496
58,752
20,372
2,765
2,678
2,230
1,667
187,360
-------
Table 11-7. TOTAL POTENTIAL 24 HR DOSE OF IIALOGENATED COMPOUNDS TO HUMANS FROM
AIR AND WATER IN RAHWAY/WOODBRIDGE, BOUNDBROOK, AND PASSAIC, NJ
Ubiquitous
Compound
tetrachloroethylene
trichloroethylene
1,1, 1-trlchloroe thane
1, 2-dichloroethane
chloroform
carbon tetrachlorlde
o,m,j>-dichlorobenzenes
chlorobenzene
bromodichloro ethane
bromodlchloromethane
dlbromochloromethane
Media
A.W
A,W
A,W
A,W
A,W
A
A
A
W
W
W
Total:
ng/24 hr
1,818,000
1,087,000
57 ,680
834,440
420,000
250,560
304,040
23,330
5,000
3,700
3,300
5,327,130
Area Specific
Compound
1,1,2-trichloroethane
vinyl chloride
chloronitrobenzene
1, 2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2, 2-tetrachloroethane
methyl trichlorophenoxy acetate
methyl dlchlorophenoxy acetate
bromopropylbenzene
bromobenzene
Media
A
A
W
A
A,W
W
W
W
W
Total:
ng/24 hr
77,760
10,368
10,700
10,440
8,980
5,000
3,500
3 , 000
3 , 000
132,748
-------
Table 11-8. TOTAL POTENTIAL 24 HR DOSE OF HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS TO HUMANS FROM AIR AND WATER
IN BATON ROUGE, GEISMAR AND PLAQUEMINE, LA&
Ubiquitous
Compound
trlchloroethylene
chloroform
1, 2-dichloroethane
carbon tetrachlorlde
1,1, 1-trichloroe thane
methylene chloride
dichlorobenzene
chlorodibromome thane
tetrachloroethylene
1 , 1-dichloroethane
Media
A,W
A,W
A,W
A,W
A,W
A,W
W
W
A,W
A
Total:
ng/24 hr
97,230
67,520
22,007
14,110
16,227
10,255
4,200
3,500
2,920
8,440
224,402
Area Specific
Compound
bromobenzene
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2-trichloroethane
dichlorobutane
hexachloroe thane
vinylidene chloride
1,1,2, 2-tetrachloroethane
Media ng/24 hr
W 13,000
A,W 8,078
A 5,460
A 3,534
W 1,600
A 673
A 604
Total: 32,949
Based upon human air and water intake of 8,640 £/24 hr and 1 £/24 hr, respectively.
-------
Table 11-9. TOTAL POTENTIAL 24 HR DOSE OF HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS TO HUMANS FROM AIR AND WATER
IN HOUSTON, DEER PARK, AND PASADENA, TX3
Ubiquitous
Compound
trichloroethylene
1, 1, 1-trlchloroethane
1, 2-dichloroethane
dlchloro benzene
methylene chloride
carbon tetrachlorlde
tetrachloroethylene
chloroform
chlorobenzene
1,1-dlchlo roe thane
Media
A,W
A,W
A
A,W
A
A,W
A,W
W
A
A
Total:
ng/24 hr
54,290
45,000
27,320 .
23,596
22,378
17,596
9,633
7,640
1,417
1,400
210,270'
Area Specific
Compound
trichlorobutane
trichloropentane
bis-(chloroisopropyl)ether
trichlorohexane
dichlorobutane
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1, 2-trichloroethane
dichloroheptane
chloroprene
dichloropropane isomer
chloroprene dimer
pentachloroanisole
vinylidene chloride
pentachloroe thane
hexach oroethane
-
Media
W
W
W
W
W
A
A
W
A
A
A,W
W
A
A
A
Total:
ng/24 hr
185,000
92,000
19,000
16,000
8,000
6,022
5,045
4,000
2,169
2,099
2,000
2,000
1,624
1,348
1,045
347,352
*Based upon human air and water intake of 8,640 £/24 hr and 1 £/24 hr, respectively.
-------
Blood Level (Mg/2) = [2'9 HS/24 hr] + [54 Hg/24 hr] = _ _
82 £ ml
assuming 4 half-lives, the concentration may be as low as 0.437 2£
ml.
Beginning with the potential dosage of halogenated compounds to humans
from air and water in Niagara Falls and Buffalo, NY, the data listed in
Table 11-6 indicate substantial quantities of compounds can be ingested
during a 24 hr period. Recalling that these calculations are based on
mean concentrations which were observed in these areas, then it is conceiv-
able for chloroform, mg quantities may be ingested by the human population.
Furthermore, the total human body-burden load of halogenated hydrocarbons
may reach well into the mg/24 hr period.
The levels of ubiquitous halogenated hydrocarbons occurring in the
selected sites for Northern New Jersey appear to be considerably higher than
the other major geographical areas selected for study. The potential dosage
of many of the ubiquitous halogenated compounds may reach well into the
mg range/a 24 hr period when considering their ingestion through air and
water. The total human body-burden of halogenated hydrocarbons is in the
mg range on a 24 hr basis.
The remaining two geographical areas, Baton Rouge, LA and vicinity and
Houston, TX and vicinity also contain substantial quantities of halogenated
hydrocarbons which may lead to a significant human body-burden. A comparison
of each of the tables clearly delineates those compounds which are area
specific and represent the most prevalent and thus highest total potential
dosage to man.
HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS SELECTED FOR STUDY
Vapor-Phase
As indicated in the sections on potential sources and the measured
halogenated hydrocarbons in the environment, there are many compounds to
consider in this program. The magnitude of the number of compounds which
have been found in each of the geographical areas is well beyond the level
of effort which this program can devote to their study. For this reason,
a set of criteria were defined which were used to guide the selection of
129
-------
compounds for study in making a comparative analysis between man and the
environment. These criteria are: (1) their known presence in environmental
media directly related to man's intake and exposure for the five geographical
areas under consideration. Their known presence were to be examined on
the basis of site-specific vs. ubiquitous pollutants, their relative concen-
tration and their propensity to persist in the environment; (2) their known
or suspected carcinogenic/mutagenic activity, e.g. those which are procarcino-
gens vs. co-carcinogens. This information was presented in Section 8 of this
report. In combination with other pollutants, the question to be asked was
whether they act synergistically or antagonistically. Information concerning
their metabolism and metabolite activity was also considered and discussed
in Section 9; (3) their known production, usage or disposal in the areas of
study, jL.e. their potential air emission, liquid effluents traced to drinking
aquifers, their agricultural usages such as pesticides which might be involved
in run-off during precipitation and eventually contaminate the drinking water
supplies or foods and their resistance to biodegradation. This information
was discussed in Section 6; (4) their presence in human biological fluids and
tissue. Information concerning their half-life in the body was important
as to whether their monitoring was even feasible and their persistence as, ......
either parent compounds or major metabolites. Again much of this information
was discussed in Section 7 and 9.
Using these criteria as a guideline, a series of halogenated hydrocarbons
have been selected which are suggestive for monitoring in air, water and
human samples.
Vapor-Phase
Table 11-10 presents the compounds which have been selected for monitoring
in air and water in Niagara and Buffalo, NY. Correspondingly, these compounds
are proposed to be monitored in human blood (Table 11-11) and Tor the more
volatile constituents also in breath. A tentative selection has been made for
the compounds which are to be monitored in urine.
Table 11-12 presents the halogenated hydrocarbons to be monitored in air
and water in Rahway/Woodbridge, Bound Brook and Passaic, NJ. Of course all of
these compounds will be monitored in blood (Table 11-13) while the more
volatile constituents are to be examined in breath.
130
-------
Table 11-10.
HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS SELECTED FOR MONITORING IN AIR AND WATER IN
NIAGARA FALLS AND BUFFALO, NY
Air
Water
Ubiquitous
Area Specific
chloroform
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzotrifluoride isomers
chlprotoluene isomers
trichlorobenzene isomers
trichlorotoluene isomers
1,3-hexachlorobutadiene
dichlorotoluene isomers
chloroform
1,1,1-trichloroethane
tetrachloroethylene
bromodichloromethane
chlorodibromomethane
carbon tetrachloride
m-dichlorobenzene
trichlorobenzene isomers
tetrachlorobenzene isomers
1,3-hexachlorobutadiene
bromoform
-------
Table 11-11.
HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS SELECTED FOR MONITORING IN HUMAN SAMPLES FROM
NIAGARA FALLS AND'BUFFALO, NY
Blood
Breath
Urine
Ubiquitous
Area Specific
chloroform
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzotrifluoride isomers
chlorotoluene isomers
trichlorobenzene isomers
trichlorotoluene isomers
dichlorotoluene isomers
tetrachlorobenzene isomers
bromoform
1,3-hexachlorobutadiene
chloroform
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
To be selected.
-------
Table 11-12.
HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS SELECTED FOR MONITORING IN AIR AND WATER IN
RAHWAY/WOODBRIDGE, BOUNDBROOK AND PASSAIC, NJ
Air
Water
Ubiquitous
Area Specific
LO
U)
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene '
chlorobenzene
o^ni,_p_-dichlorobenzenes
vinyl chloride
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2-trichloroethane
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroethane
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
bromodichloroethane
bromodichloromethane
dichlorobenzenes
chloronitrobenzene
methyl dichlorophenoxy acetate
bromopropylbenzene
bromobenzene
-------
Table 11-13.
HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS SELECTED FOR MONITORING IN HUMAN SAMPLES FROM
RAHWAY/WOODBRIDGE, BOUNDBROOK AND PASSAIC, NJ
Blood
Breath
Urlnec
Ubiquitous
Area Specific
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachlorlde
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
o^m,2.-dichlorobenzenes
bromodichloromethane
vinyl chloride
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2-trichloroethane
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
chloronitrobenzene
methyl dichlorophenoxy acetate
bromopropylbenzene
bromobenzene
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
bromodichloromethane
vinyl chloride
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2-trichloroethane
To be selected.
-------
Tables 11-14 - 11-17 presents the halogenated substances selected for
monitoring in the two remaining geographical areas. The Greensboro, NC
area was selected essentially as a control and thus all of the ubiquitous
which are listed for the other four geographical areas will be monitored
in the air, water and blood samples from Greensboro as well as those com-
pounds which were designated as area-specific.
Pesticide
Table 11-18 presents the pesticides and PCB's which have been selected
for correlative studies in biological tissue and soil samples for all of
the geographical areas.
135
-------
Table 11-14. HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS SELECTED FOR MONITORING IN AIR
AND WATER IN BATON ROUGE, GEISMAR AND PLAQUEMINE, LA
Air
Water
Ubiquitous
Area Specific
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
1,1,2-trichloroethane
1,2-dichloroethylene
dichlorobutane
1,2-dichloropropane
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
chlorodibromomethane
dichlorobenzenes
1,2-dichloroethylene
bromobenzene
hexachloroethane
136
-------
Table 11-15. HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS SELECTED FOR MONITORING IN HUMAN SAMPLES
FROM BATON ROUGE, GEISMAR, AND PLAQUEMINE, LA
Blood
Breath
Urine
Ubiquitous
Area Specific
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorodibromomethane
dichlorobenzenes
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2-trichloroethane
dichlorobutane
1,2-dichloropropane
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
bromobenzene
hexachloroethane
chloroform
1, 2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorodibromomethane
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2-trichloroethane
dichlorobutane
1,2-dichloropropane
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
To be selected.
-------
Table 11-16. HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS SELECTED FOR MONITORING IN
AIR AND WATER IN HOUSTON, DEER PARK AND PASADENA, TX
Air
Water
Ubiquitous
Area Specific
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
o_,m,£-dichlorobenzenes
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2-trichloroethane
chloroprene
chloroform
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
dichlorobutane
trichlorobutane
trichloropentane
bis-(chloroisopropyl)ether
trichlorohexane
138
-------
Table 11-17. HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS SELECTED FOR MONITORING IN HUMAN SAMPLES FROM
HOUSTON, DEER PARK AND PASADENA, TX
Blood
Breath
Urine
Ubiquitous
Site Specific
u>
VD
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
o^ni,£-dichlorobenzenes
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2-trichloroethane
chloroprene
dichlorobutane
trichlorobutane
trichloropentane
bis-(chloroisopropyl)ether
trichlorohexane
chloroform
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroe thane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1,2-trichloroethane
dichlorobutane
a
To be selected.
-------
Table 11-18.
PESTICIDES AND PCB's SELECTED FOR CORRELATIVE STUDIES
IN BIOLOGICAL TISSUE AND SOIL SAMPLES
FOR ALL GEOGRAPHICAL AREAS
Compound
Structure
Molecular Weight
y-BKC (Lindane)
H Cl
288
g-BKC
Cl H
288
cx-BHC
Cl H
288
p,p'-DDE
318
p, p'-DDD
Cl
HCC1
Cl
320
(continued)
140
-------
Table 11-18 (cont'd.)
Compound
Structure
Molecular Weight
p,p'-DDT
354
Mirex
Heptachlor epoxide
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
540
386
PCB's
Cl
Cl
188 - 494
141
-------
APPENDIX A
142
-------
Figure A-l. Map of Buffalo and Niagara Falls, NY Area
(x = sampling site near LaSalle Arterial).
143
-------
NIAGARA RIVER
- — WEST-
—
1
LA SALLE EXPRESSWAY *• EAST |
'I
FRONTIER AVENUE
tn
8
II
o t
w
a!
8
7
6
• WHEATF1ELD AVENUE
R
.1
§
^•*
1
2
3
4
5
j:
f-
12
READ
O
S*
*»
f
en
AVENUE
to
0
APT
COMPLEX
\ 1
1
'Z
"E
m
AD
AVE
COLVIN BLVD. »
^
f
CTl
13
P
ro
CJ>
SHANTZ
DEAD
END
Figure A- 2. Map depicting sampling locations
Niagara Falls, NY.
to 13 in
144
-------
Table A-l. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR VAPOR-PHASE ORGANICS IN AIR FROM
HOUSEHOLD BASEMENTS AND SCHOOL ROOMS IN NIAGARA, NY
-P-
Ul
Remarks
Sampling Time
Sampling Location (min)
1 198
2 135
3 235
4 207
5 562
6 212
7 186
8 192
9 151
10 200
11 154
Sampling Volume
(£)
268
95
258
300
597
140
134
283
219
263
226
(continued)
Date
Relative Humidity
2/9/78
52% RH
2/7/78
49% RH
2/7/78
66% RH
2/7/78
68% RH
2/8/78
50% RH
2/8/78
44% RH
2/9/78
49% RH
2/7/78
61% RH
2/9/78
37% RH
2/8/78
48% RH
2/8/78
31% RH
Time
Temp. (°C)
1051-1409
15°
1035-1250
22°
1055-1450
18°
1130-1457
16°
1013-1935
17°
0923-1255
19°
0910-1216
13°
1155-1507
18°
0950-1221
17°
0945-1305
22°
1038-1312
18°
Odora
6/6
10/9.5
9.5/10
6/6
8/8
6/7
1/1
1/1
1/1
1/2
1/1
-------
Table A-1 (cont'd.)
Remarks
Q
Sampling Location
12A
12B
13A
13B
13C
Sampling Time
(mln)
480
520
490
490
536
Sampling Volume
W
43
47
44
66
72
Date
Relative Humidity
2/8/78
22% RH
2/8/78
25% RH
Time
Temp. (°C) Odors
0855-1655 ,
0845-1725 '
21°
0830-1460
0832-1642 1/1
23"
*s
Each household basement was designated as a sampling location (Reference A-1).
Using a scale of 1—10, subjective evaluations were made for presence of chlorinated and general
odors in basements.
-------
Table A-2. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR COLLECTION OF SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANICS
ON POLYURETHANE FOAM FROM AIR IN HOUSEHOLD BASEMENTS IN
NIAGARA, NYa
Remarks
Sampling Location
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
Sampling Time
(min)
497
558
514
513
562
600
580
500
566
643
553
Sampling Volume
(4)
94,049
116,067
100,369
100,173
109,742
124,803
120,643
94,097
110,523
125,559
104,072
Data
2/9/78
2/7/78
2/7/78
2/7/78
2/8/78
2/8/78
2/9/78
2/7/78
2/9/78
2/8/78
2/8/78
Time
1051-1908
1025-1943
1056-1930
1130-2003
1013-1935
0923-1923
0912-1852
1155-2015
0934-1900
0945-2028'
1038-1951
See Reference A-l.
147
-------
Table A-3. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANIC VAPORS IN AIR OF
HOUSEHOLD BASEMENTS AND SCHOOL ROOM IN NIAGARA, NY3
00
Sampling/Location
Chemical
dlchloroethylene
methylene chloride
chloroform
1,1,1-trlchloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
pentachloroethane
pentachlorobutadlene
1 , 3-hexachlorobutadlene
chlorobenzene
dlchlorobenzene Isomer
dlchlorobenzene isomer
dlchlorobenzene isomer
trichlorobenzene Isomer
trlchlorobenzene isomer
trichlorobenzene isomer
LI
<263
1,534
1,670
3,656
200
1,224
6,346
<19
<22
<22
1,940
2,044
260
<30
642
58
<22
L2
<334
<714
834
506
496
2,920
10,652
<53
<63
114
4,232
4., 400
2,442
<63
10,084
1,010
<63
L3
<294
1,300
464
412
T(83)
270
3,342
<19
<23
<23
1,000
154
76
418
72
T(23)
<23
L4
<263
1,334
684
400
5,038
5,344
5,386
<17
<20
26
3,674
2,940
2,106
3,654
56
1,306
1,066
L5
T(79)
11,556
13,484
3,890
562
1,374
51,992
<10
T(10)
100
2,778
8,914
6,024
2,294
26
3,424
580
L6
T(334)
9,428
8,584
1,000
704
15,880
37,442
<36
<43
414
<107
100,476
51,600
34,686
27,228 '
2,370'
3,686
L12A
T(334)
4,000
2,668
<334
<95
T(116)
<163
<116
<140
<140
<348
<186
<186
<186
<140
<140
<140
Bc
<10
3.6
22
<5
<2
<5
<7
<5
<6
<6
<15
<8
<8
<8
<6
<6
<6
(continued)
-------
Table A-3 (cont'd.)
Samp ling/ Location
Chemical
tetrachlorobenzene isomer
tetrachlorobenzene isomer
tetrachlorobenzene isomer
pentachlorobenzene isomer
chlorotoluene isomer
chlorotoluene isomer
dichlorotoluene isomer
dichlorotoluene isomer
dichlorotoluene isomer
trichlorotoluene isomer
trichlorotoluene isomer
trichlorotoluene isomer
trichlorotoluene isomer
trichlorotoluene isomer
tetrachlorotoluene isomer
tetrachlorotoluene isomer
chlorobenzaldehyde isomer
dichlorobenzaldehyde isomer
bromo to luene isomer
LI
16
12
<22
<22
2,552
3,820
8,836
3,956
<19
634
3,336
<19
1,142
<19
148
58
<26
<26
25
L2
1,832
9,600
<63
494
14,990 1
<53
20,926
6,316
<53
206
3,790
1,810
842
<53
168
<26
180
<63
T(53)
(continued)
L3
<23
62
<23
T(23)
,754
*C 1 Q
<^ 1 Q
86
48
46
62
T(19)
T(19)
<19
<27
<27
<19
<23
<19
L4
280
360
<20
18
4,586
<17
5,240
5,320
314
134
1,786
<17
594
60
<15
16
746
<20
134
L5
214
406
<10
30
3,022
<8
7,428
2,318
<8
1,644
4,908
466
160
<8
56
<8
34
<10
66
L6 L12A
2,400 <140
17,142 <140
<43 <140
250 <140
226,514 <116
223,042 <116
158,628 <116
98,428 <116
109,872 <116
6,886 <116
42,286 <116
43,700 <116
25,986 <116
<36 <116
<18 <116
970 <116
4,058 <116
950 <140
4,372 <116
BC
<6
<6
<6
<6
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<7
<7
<5
<6
<5
-------
Table A-3 (cont'd.)
Samp ling /Location
Chemical
bromochlorotoluene isomer
chloronaphthalene isomer
1,2-dichloropropane
total halogenated organics
LI
T(19)
78
1,406
59,489
L2 L3
<53 <19
84 <31
<53 <19
172,713 13,760
L4
80
<27
<17
58,968
L5
28
<13
<8
127,778
L6 L12A
1,542 <116
3,414 <186
<36 <116
1,786,636 7,644
Bc
<5
<8
<5
3See Table A-l for sampling protocol (Reference A-l).
b
Values are in ng/m , T = trace, ( ) or < indicates limit of detection.
Values are ng/cartridge.
-------
Table A-4. SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS IDENTIFIED IN AIR FROM
HOUSEHOLD BASEMENT (LI). NIAGARA, NY USING PUT TECHNIQUE3
Chroma tographic
Peak No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Elution Time
(min)
0.73
0.86
1.00
1.24
1.38
1.54
1.86
1.89
2.13
2.19
2.46
2.73
3.44
4.06
Compound
dichloro toluene
trichlorobenzene
unknown
trichloro toluene
trichloro toluene
tetrachlorobenzene
tetrachlorobenzene
chloronaphthalene
dichloroaniline (tent.)
tetrachloro toluene
tetrachloro toluene
tetrachloro toluene
unknown
pen tachloro toluene
See Reference A-l.
151
-------
Table A-5. SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS IDENTIFIED IN AIR FROM
HOUSEHOLD BASEMENT (L3), NIAGARA, NY USING PUF TECHNIQUE3
Chroma tographic
Peak No.
1
2
Elution Time
(min)
1.69
3.06
Compound
tetrachlorobenzene
pentachlorobenzene
See Reference A-l.
152
-------
Table A-6. SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS IDENTIFIED IN AIR FROM
HOUSEHOLD BASEMENT (L5), NIAGARA. NY USING
PUF COLLECTION TECHNIQUE
Chromatographic
Peak No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Elution Time
(min)
0.54
0.79
0.89
1.06
1.23
1.36
1.53
1.83
2.00
2.69
3.16
5.66
5.93
6.39
Compound
dichlorobenzene
dichlorotoluene
trichlorobenzene
hexachlorobutadiene
unknown
trichloro toluene
tetrachlorobenzene
tetrachlorobenzene
unknown
tetrachloro toluene
pentachlorobenzene
hexachlorocyclohexane
pentachloropropane
unknown
See reference A-l.
153
-------
Table A-7. SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS IDENTIFIED IN AIR FROM
HOUSEHOLD BASEMENT (L6), NIAGARA, NY USING
PUF COLLECTION TECHNIQUE3
Chroma tographic
Peak No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18 .
Elution Time
(min)
0.36
0.43
0.59
0.73
1.01
1.26
1.49
1.56
2.26
2.73
3.19
3.36
3.46
4.3.3
5.79
6.00
6.76
11.39
Compound
chlorotoluene
dichlorobenzene
dichlorotoluene
trichlorobenzene
trichlorotoluene
tetrachlorobenzene
tetrachlorobenzene
a-chloronaphthalene
tetrachloro toluene
pentachlorobenzene
dichloronaphthalene
trichlorophenol (tent.)
pent achloro toluene
pentachloro toluene
hexachlorobenzene
unknown
hexachloro toluene
pentachlcrobiphenyl
(tent )
"See reference A-l.
154
-------
Table A-8. SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS IDENTIFIED IN AIR FROM
HOUSEHOLD BASEMENT (L4), NIAGARA, NY USING
PUT COLLECTION TECHNIQUE3
Chromatographic
Peak No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Elution Time
(min)
0.71
0.83
0.86
1.33
1.46
1.63
1.69
1.73
1.79
1.93
2.59
3.06
3.79
Compound
dichloro toluene
dichlorophenol
trichlorobenzene
trichloro toluene
tetrachlorobenzene
chloronaphthalene
t rich lor ophenol
tetrachlorobenzene
tetrachlorobenzene
trichloroaniline (tent.)
tetrachloro toluene
pentachlorobenzene
pentachlorotoluene
(tent.)
14
5.46
hexachlorocyclohexane
See reference A-l.
155
-------
Table A-9. SEMI-VOLATILE ORGANIC CHEMICALS IDENTIFIED IN AIR FROM
HOUSEHOLD BASEMENT (L2), NIAGARA, NY USING
PUF COLLECTION TECHNIQUE3
Chromatographic
Peak No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Elution Time
(min)
0.76
0.93
1.39
1.53
1.83
2.43
2.69
3.00
3.06
3.13
3.43
3.96
4.89
5.66
5.76
6.06
6.39
6.69
7.33
9.09
10.13
Compound
dichloro toluene
trichlorobenzene
trichloro toluene
tetrachlorobenzene
tetrachlorobenzene
unknown
tetrachloro toluene
tetrachlorotoluene
hexachlorocyclohexane
pentachlorooenzene
unknown
pentachlorotoluene
' "pentachlorotoluene
pentachlorotoluene
hexachlorocyclohexane
dichlorobiphenyl (tent.)
hexachlorobenzene
unknown
hexachloro toluene
chlorobenzof luorene
(tent.)
hep tachloro toluene
'See reference A-l.
156
-------
NIAGARA RIVER
1— 1 — 1,
•« — EAST 1-
LA SALLE EXPRESSWAY •• WEST | !
J
FRONTIER AVENUE
Vt
s
VI
ff)
ff>
® <
AVENUE
in
oi
APT
COMPLEX
Vjg
COLV1N BLVD.
VI
13
C
\
•o
10
31
AD
vt
m
EA
ENC
AVE
SHANTZ
0
3
Figure A-3. Map of "Old Love" Canal area of Niagara Falls,
sampling locations for body-burden study.
157
-------
Ln
oo
Table A-10. AIR EXPOSURE MONITORING PROTOCOL FOR THE "OLD LOVE" CANAL AREA OF
NIAGARA FALLS, NY
Period of Air
Monitoring
Location
1
2
3b,c
4
5
6
8
9b
iob
Date
7/6/78
7/6,7/78
7/6,7 778
7/6/78
7/6,7/78
7/6/78
7/6/78
7/6/78
7/6,7/78
Inside
1022-1747
1800-0807
2113-0835
0929-1511
1548-0858
0854-1720
1103-1737
1041-1630
1655-0926
Outside
1028-1747"
1759-0810"
2113-0838
0927-1515
1550-0857
0857-1720
1102-1737
1045-1637
1700-0927
Volume of Air
Collected
(M3)/Cartrldge
Inside
0.020
0.041
0.034
0.017
0.051
0.026
0.017
0.017
0.050
Outside
0.022
0.042
0.034
0.017
0.051
0.025
0.017
0.018
0.049
Tanunter
Date No. of Samples
7/6/78 2
Same household as 1
7/6/78 2
7/6/78 2
7/6/78 2
7/6/78 2
7/6/78 2
7/6/78 2
7/6/78 2
Other Participant
10066
10090
10074
Radishes from 10017
backyard garden
10041
10033
10025
10009
10058
The sampler was set up in the next yard, a corner lot and upwind of the "canal".
Households previously Included in the basement air monitoring.
"Location of MRI weather station.
-------
Table A-ll. METEOROLOGY FOR JULY 6 AND 7, 1978 IN THE "OLD LOVE" CANAL AREA OF
NIAGARA FALLS. NY
Date Time
7/6/78 1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
2200
2400
7/7/78 0200
0400
0600
0800
1000
Temp (C°)
25
28
29
29
29
27
23
22
20
20
19
23
27
Wind: speed/Direction
(KM/Hr)
3 / S
3 / S
3 / S
2 /SSW
; <2 /SSW
<2 /SSW
calm
calm
calm
calm
calm
calm
2 /S
Wind speed/Direction
(KM/Hr)
13
17
20
24
24
18
15
13
13
9
13
14
20
SW
sw
SSW
sw
sw
sw
sw
sw
SSW
SSW
SSW
SSW
SSW
MRI weather station, 6" above ground level.
^Niagara Falls, N. Y. Weather Station.
-------
Table A-12. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN AIR INSIDE HOMES IN
"OLD LOVE" CANAL AREA OF NIAGARA FALLS, NY3
Compound
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride
1 , l-d±chloroethane
1, 2-dichloroethane
1, 1 , 1-trlchloroethane
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
1 2 -. 3
15,342 3,169 11,088
352 868
- - -
127
577 1,073
T
422 ' 794
_ _ _
Sample No.
4 5
3,486 3,646
T 33
-
-
T 364
T
540
- i-
6
2,392
T
-
-
1,216
T
1,334
588
8 9
1,429 Tb
657 -C
-
-
600
T
1,142
286
10
950
340
-
100
430
T
480
60
dichlorobenzene isomer(s)
chlorotoluene isomer(s)
dlchlorotoluene Isomer(s)
chloronaphthalene isomer(s)
bromotoluene tsomer(s)
trlchlorobenzene Isomer(s)
chlorobenzotrlf .'uorlde isomer(s)
tetrachlorobenzene isomer(s)
pentachlorobenzene
1,3-hexachlorobutadlene
trichlorotoluene isomer(s)
tetrachlorotoluene isomer(s)
1,542
-------
Table A-12 (cont'd.)
Compound
Sample No.
9 10
1,2-dichloropropane
chlorobenzaldehyde
dichlorobenzaldehyde
bromochlorotoluene isomer
1,2-dibromoethane
a 3
Values are in- ng/m .
bTrace.
c
Not detected.
-------
Table A-13. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN AMBIENT AIR
OUTSIDE HOMES OF "OLD LOVE" CANAL, NIAGARA, NY3
Compound
chloroform
carbon tetrachlorlde
1 , 1-dlchloroethane
1 , 2-dichlo roe thane
1,1, 1-trlchloroe thane
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroetbylene
chlorobenzene
dlchlorobenzene (2 Igomers)
1, 2-dlchloropropane
chlorotoluene (2 leomere)
chlorobenzaldehyde leoraer
dlchlorotoluene (3 Isomers)
chloronaphthalene isorner
bromotoluene leoraer
dlchlorobenzaldehyde laotner
trlchlorobenzene (3 Isomere)
1 , 2-dlbroraoethane
trlchlorotoluene (5 laoroers)
tetrachlorotoluene Isomer
bromochlorotoluene leomer
chlorobenzodichlorofluorlde isomer
Sample No.
1 2 3 4 5689 10
15,846 105,461 70,308 30,231 1,385 51,692 1,050 19,692 55,923
2,000 3,692 2,923 1,615 2,231 1,000 1,000 Tb
_ _ c
-T -NQdT
2.111 5,444 2,222 1,778 4,222 1,444 2,667 1,667
285 - - 611 -
591 714 735 14,000 647 400 750 2,111 122
119- it TT
190 206 T 353 T 350 444
-----TT--
T T 1,235 647 T - 2,750 T T
---------
T - - 648 T T 500 T T
T--T--TTT
------- -T
-T--TT---
-T-TTT-TT
T--TTT--
TTTTTTTTT
-TT--T---
— — -_ T
1 ~ — —
-'_
(continued)
-------
Table A-13 (cont'd.)
Compound 1 2
chlorobenzotrlf luorlde (2 iaomera) -
1, 2-bis (Crif luoromethyl) benzene -
pentachlorobenzene -
1 , 3-hexachlorobutadiene
1, 2-dichloroethylene -
Sample Mo.
3 4 5 6 8 9 10
T T T 300 T T
T * T - - T
T T - T
a 3
Values are ng/m .
Trace.
c
Not detected.
Not quantltated.
-------
Table A-14. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR SITE NO. 2, NIAGARA FALLS, N. Y. - TRIP 1
ON
Period
PI
7/8-7/9/78
P2
7/10-7/11/78
P3
7/11/78
„
P4
7/12-7/13/78
Location
Sampling
Time
Sampling
Volume (i)
Meteorological Conditions
Type of Wind Dir./
Sample T (°C) % RH Speed (km/h) Other
No Samples Collected
L5
L6
L7
L8
L5
L8
Lll
L12
L13
L5
L6
L7
L8
L9
L10
1135
1213
1235
1305
(7/10)-1151
(7/10)-1204
(7/10)-1220
(7/10)-1150
(7/H)
(7/11)
(7/11)
(7/11)
0910-1510
1230
1515
1005
0915
0930
0900
0910
0910
0840
(7/12)-0920
(7/12)-0908
(7/12)-0852
(7/12)-0844
(7/12)-1310
(7/13)
(7/13)
(7/13)
(7/13)
(7/13)
60. 9a
95. 4a
71.63
70. 2a
2 x 120 mlc
120 ml
22.0a,b,f
3 coregd
1«
89. 5a
77. 6a
2 x 120 mlc
63. ia
2 x 120 raic
72. 7»
3 cores''
19.53,6
Air 11-23 84-76 SSW-NW/11-28 light rain 0925
Air
Air
Air
Tap water 11-23 76-55 NW-NNW/11-24
Tap water
Ait
Soil
Tap water
Air 11-26 75-42 SSW-WSW/calm-19
Air
Tap water
Air
Tap water
Air
Soil
Air
Volume of air/cartridge. '
Average of 2 calculations: 1) Sampling time x flow rate; 2) Counts x Volume/count.
°lst 120 ml - First water from tap; 2nd 120 ml = after 2 min run.
5 cm diameter x 6 cm core.
p
Finished water - water treatment plant.
99th Street Elementary School.
Street Elementary School.
-------
Ln
J.-L-3C
i »f=
-VJ HvdEr/ARK/ g; \\l=-lUl^
EW ^ fl | Jk%*&
^AwV- i • !"•"* ?iy <• -
T$$&\ t~ i-^at^
«4«\r/:f7j 4:;;i &•"*.. M ^Jfe .
:MMlMf.^ -.js
SAI TWk'isKW/rais:
^%» -VR^|-4:
- NI..
*r-=r—r <-^r=^
g o - « 8 ^7
§i- ^ S
5 .'• .8 3 . -\
r^ "§ • i • n
'^rf^/' ^4"
--J rn
- -^ s—~~J
""'''-c-r^^
r> j.'.' ' •'14~^^.—
NIAGARA CO |>m.H£At>
1 lilt CO
O
Q-
(I ^
o
o 3
Figure A-4. Sampling locations and plant Identifications for Site No. 2, Niagara Falls, N. Y.
-------
Table A-15. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR SITE NO. 3, BUFFALO, N.Y. - TRIP 1
Period
PI
7/8-7/9/78
P2
7/10-7/11/78
P3
7/11/78
t— »
'ON
ON
P4
7/12-7/13/78
Location
No Samples
LI
L2
L3
L4
LI
L3
L4
L12
L13
L14
LI
L2
L3
L4
Sampling
Time
i Collected
0755
0820
0845
. 0905
0854
0904
0920
0931
(7/10)-0751
(7/10)-0745
(7/10)-0809
(7/10)-0822
(7/12)-0807
(7/12)-0735
(7/12)-0759
(7/12)-0752
(7/11)
(7/11)
(7/11)
(7/11)
;
(7/13)
(7/13)
(7/13)
(7/13)
Sampling
Volume (I)
87.28'b
74.7a.'j
60.3a»b
66.5a.b
2 x 120 mlc
2 x 120 mic
2 x 120 mlc
2 x 120 ralc
3 coresd '
ie
60. Oa
86. 7a ;
62. 4a
67.2a
HrteoroloRlcnl Conditions
Type of Wind Dlr./
Sample T (°C) 7. RH Speed (km/h) Other
Air 11-23 84-76 SSW-NW/11-28 light rain 0925
Air
Air
Air
Tap water 11-23 76-55 NW-NNW/11-24
Tnp water
Tap water
Tap water
Soil
Tap water
Air 11-26 75-42 SSW-WSW/calro-19
Air
Air
Air
Volume of air/cartridge.
Average of 2 calculations: 1) sampling time x flow rate; 2) counts x volume/count.
"1st 120 ml = First water from tap; 2nd 120 ml = after 2 min. run.
5 cm diameter x 60 cm core,
'Finished water - water treatment plant.
-------
Reproduced from
best available copy.
Figure A-5•
Sampling locations and plant identifications
at Site No. 3, Buffalo, N.Y.
167
-------
ON
Co
HE
1 k '"fc
Figure A-6. GC/MS profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air in Niagara Falls, Wf
(P4/L7). See Table A-16.
-------
o\
Figure A-7. GC/MS profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air in Niagara Falls NY
(P4/L8). See Table A-17.
-------
ill
T S
T I
Figure A-8. GC/MS profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air in Buffalo, NY (PA/L2).
See Table A-18.
-------
Figure A-9. GC/MS profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air from Buffalo, NY (P4/L3).
See Table A-19.
-------
--J
N>
Figure A-10. GC/MS profile of vapor-phase organlcs In ambient air from Buffalo, NY (P4/L41)
See Table A-20.
-------
Table A-16. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
NIAGARA FALLS, NY (P4/L7)a
ChroiMCo-
graphic
Peak No.
3
7
11
13
14
20
23
Elucion
Temp.
(•c?
64
71
75
31
31
95
101
Compound
c?2ci2
bromomethane (cenc.)
CCljF (Freon 11)
iMChylene chloride
CC12FCC1F2 (Freon 113)
chloroform
1 ,1, 1-trlchloroethane
Chromato—
graphic
Peak No.
24
29
39
42
56
66
83
Elution
Temp .
rc)
106
114
141
149
174
187
221
Compound
carbon cetrachloride
crichloroechylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzocrifluoride Isomer
chlorotoluene Isomer
dichlorobenzene isomer
chlorobenzocrlfluoride isoner
See Table A-14 for sampling protocol.
Table A-17. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
NIAGARA FALLS, NY (P4/L8)a
Chroma co-
graphic
Peak No.
5
7
3
9
10
16
19
22
23
43
47
53
62
Elucion
Temp.
(*C)
73
75
77
80
81
94
101
106
113
141
148
160
173
Compound
CF2C12 (Freon 12) (tent.)
CC13F (Freon 11)
CH2C1F
methylane chloride
CC12FCC1F2 (Freon 113)
chloroform
1,1,1-trichloroethane
carbon cetrachloride
trichloroechylen*
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzocrif luoride isomer
chlorobeniotrifluoride isomer
chlorocoluene
Chromaco-
graphic
Pealc No.
67
73
78
91
93
96
100
101
108
109
112
114
118
Elation
Temp .
(°C)
181
186
191
209
214
220
227
228
240
240
240
240
240
Conpound
dichlorobensotrif luoride
m- and/or ^-dichlorobenzene
o-dichlorobenzene
dichlorocoluene isomer
dichlorocoluene Isomer
trichlorobenzene isomer
crichlorobenzene isomer
hexachlorobucadiene
crichlorotoluene isomer
crichlorocoluene isomer
cecrachlorobenzene isomer
cecrachlarobenzene isomer
pen cachloro benzene
See Table A-14 for sampling protocol.
173
-------
Table A-18. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR IN
BUFFALO, NY (P4/L2)a
Chromato-
graphic
3
6
9
i:
14
21
-'-
Elution
Temp .
(°C)
64
70
75
81
82
95
10:
Compound
CF2C12
bromomethane (tent.)
CFC13 (Freon 11)
methvlene chloride
CC12FCC1F2 (Freon 113)
chloroform
1 , 1 , 1-trichloroethane
Chromato-
graphic
Peak No.
27
33
52
83
87
92
Elution
Temp .
CO
106
114
142
187
193
198
Compound
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
n- and /or £-dichlorobenzene
o-dichlorobenzene
trimethylphenyl chloride (cent.)
See Table A-15 for sampling protocol.
Table A-19. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR FROM
BUFFALO, NY (P4/L3)3
Chr one co-
graphic
Peak \c.
3
8
10
11
1 ?
21
Elution
Temp .
(°C)
64
76
82
83
97
103
Compound
CT2C12
CC13F (Freon 11)
mechylene chloride
CC12FCC1F2 (Freon 113)
chloroform
1,1, l-trichloroethane
Chroma to-
graphic
Peak No.
22
29
45
81
85
Elution
Tentp .
(°C)
107
114
142
187
191
Compound
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
»- and /or £-dichlorobenzene
o-dichlorobenzene
See Table A-15 for sampling protocol.
174
-------
Table A-20. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR FROM
BUFFALO, NY (P4/L4)a
•
graphic
Peak No.
9
13
14
20
25
28
— — ^— —
Eluclon
Temp.
CO
75
30
81
94
101
105
Compound
CCl^F (Freon 11)
methylene chloride
CC12FCC1F2 (Freon 113)
chloroform
1,1, 1-crichloroechane
carbon cetrachlorlde
Chromaco-
graphic
Peak No.
34
52
83
89
94
118
Elucion
Temp.
CO
113
139
176
184
189
218
Compound
crlchloroechylene
cecrachloroechylene
C.-alkyl chlorobenzene isomcr
m- and/or p_-dichlorobenzene
o-di chlorobenzene
crlchlorobenzene Isoner
See Table A-15 for sampling protocol.
175
-------
Table A-21. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF SITE-SPECIFIC VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS
IN AMBIENT AIR IN NIAGARA FALLS, NY3
Period/Location
Compound
chlorobenzotrlfluorlde
chlorotoluene
dlchlorobenzotrlf luorlde
dlchloro toluene
trlchlorobenzene
hexachlorobutadiene
trlchlorotoluene
5^ tetrachlorobenzene
pentachlorobenzene
B
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
P3/L11
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
P4/L5
ND
427
ND
43
39
54
ND
ND
ND
P4/L6
410°
2,333
ND
113
5,346
T
ND
230
ND
P4/L7
523
527
ND
ND
43
ND
ND
ND
ND
P4/L8
19,586
12,274
193
446
324
389
568
451
17
P4/L10
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
QSee Table A-14 for sampling protocol.
B = blank Tenax cartridge.
CValues In ng/tn , ND = not detected, T = trace,
-------
Table A-22. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN DRINKING WATER
FROM "OLD LOVE" CANAL IN NIAGARA FALLS, NY3
--4
--J
Sample No.
Halogenated Compound
1, 1-dlchloro ethane
chloroform
1, 2-dichloroethane
1, 1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachlorlde
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
dichlorobenzene isomer(s)
bromod ic hlor oine t hane
chlorodibroinome thane
bromof orm
trichlorobenzene
hexachlorobutad i ene
tetrachloro benzene
pent a chlorobenzene
d 1 cliloropropane
1
_
13,194
45
48
69
214
486
16
92
4,100
87
50
464
55
-
-
-
3
_
17,525
-
75
16
-
350
8
8
3,458
75
16
467
142
1,083
-
-
4
_
6,467
-
8
25
16
608
25
92
6,352
2,133
-
450
75
1,517
-
-
5
_
14,092
-
25
16
8
375
16
83
4,417
6,767
75
575
Tc
1,958
-
-
6
_
9,542
-
417
192
65
2,875
42
825
10,375
3,108
-
542
-
658
-
-
8
—
>24,700
-
16
33
-
650
8
75
4,550
1,400
50
483
167
175
242
-
9
-
4,433
_b
17
-
8
383
58
117
1,758
-
-
325
58
125
-
1,192
10
-
17,495
50
120
88
253
448
16
72
4,498
1,098
60
755
-
-
-
-
Values are ng/fc. See Table A-10 for sampling protocol.
Not detected.
Trace
-------
Table A-23. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN DRINKING WATER FROM
"OLD LOVE" CANAL IN NIAGARA FALLS, NYa
Category Compound
Ubiquitous chloroform
1 , 2-dichloroethane
1,1, 1- tr ichloroe thane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
o-dichlorobenzene
bromodichlorome thane
chlorodlbromome thane
bromoform
Site-Specific chlorotoluene
dichloro toluene
trichlorobenzene
hexachlorobutadiene
Sample No.
1
13,194b
45
48
69
214
486
16
36
56
4,100
887
50
ND
ND
464
55
10
17,495
<50
120
88
253
448
16
72
ND
4,498
1,098
60
ND
ND
755
ND
3See Table A-10 for sampling protocol, initial tap burst,
Values are in ng/£, ND = not detected.
-------
Table A-24. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN DRINKING WATER SAMPLES
FROM NIAGARA FALLS/BUFFALO, NY AREA3
Compound
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride
1, 1-dichloroethane
1 , 2-dichloroethane
1,1, 1-trichloroe thane
trichloroethylene
bromof orm
chlorodibromome thane
chlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
o-dichloro benzene
bromodlchlorome thane
1 , 2-dichloropropane
chlorotoluene
chlorobenzaldehyde
dichlorotoluene isonier(s)
chloronaphthalene
bromo toluene
dichlorobenzaldehyde
trlchlorobenzene isomer(s)
Locations
LI L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7
39,625 29,392 34,600 - 20,667 13,133 18,125
133 108 108 63 25 50 42
_b ______
_ ' _
42 242 150 75 242 42 50
133 92 50 258 50 167 67
67 69 100 142 133 158 167
1,300 908 - 1,333 2,225 1,858 3,533
42 50 83 29 83 33 46
108 183 150 358 125 200 104
15 J 142 - 67 -
12,467 5,517 6,442 3,758 8,450 5,708 10,308
-
______
-------
-------
_______
-------
_______
425 975 492
(continued)
-------
Table A-24 (cont'd.)
Locations
Compound LI L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7
1,2-dibromoethane - — ' - - - - -
trlchlorotoluene - ' -
broraochlorotoluene _______
chlorobenzodlchlorofiuoride - . -
1,2-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzene _______
tetrachlorobenzene _______
tetrachlorotoluene _______
pentachlorobenzene _______
1,3-hexachlorobutadlene 108 - 92
chlorobenzotrifluoride _______
dlchlorobenzotrlfluorlde _______
trlchlorotoluene -
tetrachloroethylene 633 908 542 442 225 283 267
Values are In ng/fc. See Tables A-14 and A-15 for sampling protocol.
Not dete~«:ed.
-------
Table A-25. QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF EXTRACTABLE (SEMI-VOLATILE) HHC ' S IN TAP WATER
IN BUFFALO/NIAGARA3
Compounds, ng/1 (ppt)
4,4'-dichloro- 2,4' ,5-trlchloro- llepcachlor
Samples Trifluralin a-BHC blphenyl biphenyl lleptachlor Aldrln Epoxide EndosulCan £,£'-DDE Dleldcin j>,£'-DDT End ill)
H3L5 _.
P3L8 _ _
P3611 __
P3L12 -108
10008
10017
10025
10033
10041
10074
a,.
Sample size = 120 ml; detection limit = 5-25 ng/1. Control: a-BHC, 1.04 yg, 64% recovery.
See Tables A-10, A-14 and A-15 for sampling details.
-------
Table A-26. BODY BURDEN SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR THE "OLD LOVE" CANAL AREA OF
NIAGARA FALLS, NY
j
Location" Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
7/6/78
7/7/78
7/7/78
7/6/78
6/7/78
7/6/78
7/6/78
7/6/78
7/7/78
Urine
Time
1543
0740
0814
1446
0842
1610
1636
1510
0916
Blood
3 tubes
3 tubes
3 tubes
3 tubes
3 tubes
3 tubes
3 tubes
3 tubes
3 tubes
SpGr8
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
1.
010
033
025
009
016
023
015
009
016
SpGr
NCC
NC
NC
1.020
NC
0.020
1.023
1,014
HC
Breath
3
Volume (m ) Tlme(mln) Temp.°C
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.049
.069
.074
.050
.067
.087
.075
.112
.069
7
7
9
12
12
9
10
7
4
30
26
26
30
27
31
31
30
28
Participant
lio.
1
2
3
4
5
6
8
9
10
r\
Early morning sample.
b
00 C
fo None
See
sample at time
collected.
of blood
Figure A- 3 for sampling
collection
locations .
- omitted for
early morning
collection.
-------
A-2/. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN HUMAN BREATH FROM
"OLD LOVE" CANAL IN NIAGARA FALLS, NYS
Sample No.
Compound 1 2
chloroform 3,896 23,529+11,764
carbon tetrachlorlde - 88+22
1 , 1-dlchloroethane - -
1,2-iHchloroethana - 73+12
1.1,1-tricliloroethana 2,812 264 + 44
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene 750 632 + 294
dluhlorobenzene laomer(a) T 58+0
chloro toluene iaomer(s)
t-1
CO dlchlorotoluene lsomer(8) - 1,220
GJ
cliloronaphchalene laomer(s) - T
bromo toluene isomerfe) ~ T
trlchlorobenzene laotuer(s) - 8fl
chlorobtnzotrlf luorlde luoiner(a) - 852 + 441
tetrachlorobenzene Isotner(a)
pentachlorobenzene - 73
3 45 6 8 9 10
20,424 94,510 23.530 37,447 45,892 36,576 25,591
T 796 + 135 167 + 75 689 + 378 622 90+36 T
T .-J.
T 136 + 75 243 + 108 351
T 286 + 122 394 + 122 329 + 106 - 108 +36 T
T T T - 1.904 T
1,753 1,224 + 285 667 + 75 1,152 + 129 - 658 + 63 4,469
T - - 513
T 755 + 204 - 5,294 338 459 + 72C
261 + 45
_
_
-
T T"
T T - - 27 - T
180
_
1 . 3-ltexacblorobutadlene
Values are in ng/m , duplicates where indicated. See Table A-26 for sampling protocol.
Not detected.
d
CSum for all isomers.
T = trace.
-------
Table A-28. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN HUMAN BLOOD SAMPLES
FROM "OLD LOVE" CANAL IN NIAGARA FALLS, NY
Sample No .
Compound
methylene chloride
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride
1,1, 1-trichloroethane
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
CD
•£* chlorobenzene
m-dlchlorobenzene
o-dlchlorobenzene
bromodlchloromethane
tetrachlorobenzene
1
25,200
1,450
45
2,000
-
350
600
150
-
2
2,700
1,100
95
550
100
850
50
2,450
—
-
3
850
1,150
110
250
200
900
100
1,300
:
-
4
28,350
2,050
85
550
300
22
1,100
3,000
250
-
5
14,200
3,050
140
500
100
1,200
50
2,200
200
-
6
8,050
1,550
40
850
~
500
50
2,550
200
-
8
2,650
20,100
-
1,650
-
255,550
16,800
67,700
14,250
-
9
l,150a
1,550
70
950
2,550
1,000
100
1,300
350
b
2,600
10
2,050
1,050
75
1,800
150
900
50
750
-
Values are ng/£. See Table A-26 for sampling protocol.
Not detected.
-------
Table A-29. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN HUMAN URINE SAMPLES
FROM "OLD LOVE" CANAL, IN NIAGARA, NY3
oo
Ul
Category
Ubiquitous
Site-Specific
Compound
chloroform
1, 2-dichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
chloro toluene
bromo toluene
1
l,460b
ND
96
220
140
ND
39,160
ND
ND
2
780
ND
68
550
120
ND
893
(160)
(160)
Sample No.
3
460
ND
62
318
120
17
36
ND
MD
5
800
ND
100
320
140
20
40
ND
ND
10
800
ND
120
400
146
ND
ND
MD
ND
See Table A-26 for sampling protocol, early morning collection.
JValues in ng/1, ( ) = near detection limit, ND = not detected.
-------
Table A-30. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED COMPOUNDS IN HUMAN URINE SAMPLES
FROM "OLD LOVE" CANAL IN NIAGARA FALLS, NY3
00
ON
Compound
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride
1, 1-dichloroethane
1, 2-d±chloroethane
1,1, 1-trichloroethane
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
bromoform
chlorodlbromomethane
chlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
o-dlchlorobenzene
bromodlchloromethane
4
867
42
-
75
92
42
550
-
-
67
758
142
-
Sample No.
6 89
1,250 1,085 858a
150 , 62 92
c
50 -
183 146 158
L- 67 92 50
692 425 392
_
_ _
117 50 92
708 475
725 108
_
Control
169,440b
-
-
-
-
-
2,883
-
-
658
1,250
-
-
Values in ng/£. See Table A-26 for sampling protocol.
Quantity observed In spiked urine samples.
'Not detected.
-------
00
m&^^m
igap^'***"
\ \»-f'4
-/ t -p^i
^
cr^i
o>
o
Q.
&
o
•o
Z.M^- ,
Figure A-ll. Northern New Jersey, showing general sampling sites, Trip 2 (September, 1978)
-------
CO
00
j
K;•1 T?-*i'Sik-jassi™
?y^pa^i%r^
SjiSj&ftteKS jfnE JGB
I 5TI^!. v / VWvfft' __-»f?tlt»> -^T f. I v.-i
f-r^- ^r^fnf \^2£Mi
/ T—^/.«.'«»^ /; " II I—rr \\\
-------
// •-->, /;rcf
Tl W\
1 H 1 J I
Figure A-13. Map of Rahway, NJ area showing Site No. 2 and the sampling locations.
CD (T>
""*" -t
n, O
n
o 3
-o
-------
Reproduced from
best availablecopy.
nytTL.* -'^"D 3 n'trfa x x-
££ K Wffij * t'l&TtJ'W
^W^^^BW'
'j&ffmQnM^
,;»' /A'/'''^VN
Fig-are A-14. Map of Hillside, NJ area, showing Flash Dry Cleaners
(FDC) and sampling locations.
190
-------
crx>
(T> (D
-
—. o
Is-
(5 -—
n °
o 3
n
-<
Figure A-15. Map of Edison, NJ area showing Site No. 3 and sampling locations.
-------
Figure A-16. Map of Fords, NJ area showing Site No. A and sampling locations.
-------
Reproduced from
best available copy.
!& o H,A- f&
^M$iOpS^-/ £ A ': 'jr^&f
\l>,M^*3^/^:>>£*> _<>? //.xc ' ,':a:~yw
-
• ?"•->".V«..«!.... -«.. ^^^
rt^-y^^f&f /
* ''?$X'&< '•.-*&< H*
"^•5-*'?%,f3E
^-V>. - '-'.^••.,-^i.
Figure A-17. Map of Rutherford, NJ area showing Site No. 5 and sampling
locations.
193
-------
Table A-31. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR SITE NO. 1, BOUND BROOK, NJ - TRIP 2
Period
PI
(9/18-9/19/78)
P2
(9/19-9/20/78)
P2
(9/19/78)
Location
LI
L2
L3
LI
L5
L6
L7
L8
LI
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L8
L5
Sampling Time
11A8(9/18)-1615(9/19)
1015(9/18)-1634(9/19)
0930(9/18)-155'i(9/19)
1206(9/18)-1505(9/19)
0915(9/18)-1237(9/19)
0955(9/18)-1330(9/19)
1038(9/18) - unknownc
1110(9/18)-1310(9/19)
1615(9/19)-unknownc
1640(9/19)-0955(9/20)
1600(9/19)-unknown°
1508(9/19)-unknownc
1245(9/19)-1113(9/2d)
1335(9/19)-10A5(9/20)
1320(9/19)-1100(9/20)
Sampling
Volume(l)
115a'b
109a'b
6t,"'b
1078>b
123a'b
124a>b
unknown
133a'b
unknown
59a,b
unknown
unknown
ioia-b
93a'b
95a'b
3x120 mld
Meteorological Conditions
Type of Sample T (°C) % Rll Wind Dir. /Speed (Kn>/hr) Other
Air 12-22 69-100, H-NNE/0-3 Rain evening of 9/18
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air 10-15 62-89 NHE/0-3
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Tap Water
Volume of air/cartridge
Sampling time x flow rate
Pump failure during sampling period
Samples taken Immediately after turning on tap
-------
Table A-32. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR SITE NO. 2, RAHWAY, NJ - TRIP 2
Period
P3
(9/20-9/21/78)
PA
(9/21-9/22/78)
P3
(9/20/78)
PA
(9/21/78)
Location
LI
L2
L3
LA
15
L6
L7
LI
L2
L3
LA
L5
L6
L7
L3
L2
Stapling Tine
1A15(9/20)-1350(9/21)
lA35(9/20)-unknownC
1A52(9/20)-1S35(9/21)
155A(9/20)-1558(9/2l)
1635(9/20)-1A11(9/21)
1650(9/20)-1A11(9/21)
1735(9/20)-1A5B(9/21)
UOO(9/21)-llA8(9/22)
1522(9/21)-l200(9/22)
15AA(9/21)-1228(9/22)
1605(9/21)-1212(9/22)
lA20(9/21)-1239(9/22)
!A15(9/21)-12A8(9/22)
1500(9/21)-1319(9/22)
Sampling
Voluoe(l)
1061'"
unknown
971>b
91*'b
89*>b
81*lb
M-,b
9l..b
83' 'b
83' '"
88a'b
98».b
1011'11
M.,b
3x120 ml*
3x120 ml"
Meteorological Condition*
Type of Sample T ("C) X RH Wind Dlr. /Speed (Kn/hr) Other
Air td-28 A9-77 t - W/0-13
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air 19-28.5 60-86 WSU-N/0-13.5
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Tap Water
Tap Water
Volume of air/cartridge
|j
Sanpling time x flow rate
Pump failure during sampling period
Weather data non-existent for before 1300 on 9/21
Saaplea taken immediately after turning on tap
-------
Table A-33. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR SITE FDC (FLASH DRY CLEANERS),
HILLSIDE, NJ - TRIP 2
Period
Location
Sampling Time
Sampling
Volume(l) Type of Sample T (°C)
Meteorological Conditions
Wind Dir./Speed (Km/hr)
Other
P4
(9/21/78)
LI 1150(9/21)-1210(9/21) 25
12 1150(9/21)-1210(9/21) 33
s,c
Air
Air
26
WSW/10-20
Volume of air/cartridge
Upwind sample
Downwind sample
-------
Table A-34. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR SITE NO. 3, EDISON, NJ - TRIP 2
Period Location Sampling Time
P5
(9/22-9/23/78)
P6
(9/23-9/24/78)
P6
(9/23/78)
P7
(9/24/78)
l'8
(9/25/78)
LI
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
LI
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
L4
L5
L6
L2
L3
L7
LI
1555(9/22)-1415(9/23)
1630(9/22)-1500(9/23)
1705(9/22)-1525(9/23)
1759(9/22)-1749(9/23)
1832(9/22)-1815(9/23)
1725(9/22)-1707(9/23)
1639(9/22)-1625(9/23)
1423(9/23)-1445(9/24)
1507(9/23) -1517(9/24)
1537(9/23)-1535(9/24)
lB05(9/23)-1628(9/24)
1829(9/23)-1612(9/24)
1715(9/23)-1649(9/24i
1630(9/23)-1721(9/24)
Sampling
Volume(l) 1
93a'b
93a'b
B5a'b
unknown
95a'b
90a'b
91a'b
105" >b
98a'b
658>b
unknown
85a>b
unknown
73a'b
3x120 0!*!
3x120 ml"
3x120 ml
3x120 ml"!
3x120 »i~.
3x120 s.1
3x120 mld
Meteorological Conditions
Type of Sample T (°C) I RH Wind Dir. /Speed (Ka/hr) Other
Air 13-20 80-90 NNE-ESE/5-20 Rain during 9/22
evening
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air 10-20 47-93 Variable/calm to 18
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Volume of air/cartridge
Sampling time x flow rate
Pump failure during sampling period
First and second samples taken immediately after turning on tap; third sample after 2 mln. run
-------
Table A-35. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR SITE No. 4, FORDS, NJ - TRIP 2
VD
00
Period
P8
(9/25-9/26/78)
P9
(9/26-9/27/78)
P8
(9/25/78
Location Sampling Time
LI
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
LI
L2
L3
L5
L6
L7
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
L7
0815(9/25)-0802(9/26)
0915(9/25)-unknown°
0940(9/25) - unknown0
1005(9/25)-unknownC
1025(9/25)-1040(9/26)
1045(9/25)-1035(9/26)
1130(9/25)-1102(9/26)
0815(9/26)-0920(9/27)
0844 (9/26) -unknown0
0908(9/26)-0945(9/27)
1048(9/26)-1015(9/27)
1040(9/26)-1030(9/27)
1114(9/26)-1100(9/27)
'
Sampling
Volume(l) Tj
95a'b
unknown
unknown
unknown
94a'b
101a'b
74a'b
113a'b
unknown
95" 'b
93a'b
99a'b
87a'b
3x120 mld
3x120 mld
3x120 mld
3x120 mld
3x120 mld
3x120 rold
Meteorological Conditions
rpe of Sample T (°C) % RII Wind Dir. /Speed (Km/hr) Other
Air 8-23 45-70 NNW-NE/9-29
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air 9-18 45-60 Variable/calm-18
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Volume of air/cartridge
Sampling time x flow rate
Pump failure during sampling period
First and second samples taken immediately after turning on tap; third after 2 min run
Samples taken immediately after turning on tap
-------
Table A-36. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR SITE No. 5, CARLSTADT, NJ - TRIP 2
Period
P10
(9/28-9/29/78)
Pll
(9/29-9/30/78)
P12
(9/30/78)
P10
PU
(9/29/78)
Location
LI
L2
L3
LA
L5
L6
17
LI
L2
1.3
LA
L5
L6
L7
i.a
L9
L2
LA
L5
1.6
L7
LI
Sampling Time
UA2(9/28)-1211(9/29)
1219(9/2B)-12A5(9/29)
1257(9/2B)-unknownC
1322(9/28)-13A5(9/29)
1511(9/28)-lA30(9/29)
1625(9/28)-1518(9/29)
170A(9/28)-1606(9/29)
1226(9/29)-1222(9/30)
12S8(9/29)-unknownC
1331(9/29)-1258(9/30)
1356(9/29)-1312(9/30)
lAAO(9/29)-1323(9/30)
1538(9/29)-13A3(9/30)
1627 (9/29)- 1A02(9/30)
1117-1U8
1115-11A5
Sampling
Volume (1)
90a>b
97"'b
unknown
loia-b
85a>b
80a'b
82a.b
93a'b
unknown
107a'b
97a'b
86a'b
79a'b
na.b
35a,b,d
35a,b,e
3x120 ml
3x120 ml
3x120 ml
3x120 ml
3x120 ml
3x120 ml
Meteorological Conditions
Type of Sample T (°C) % R1I Wind Dir. /Speed (Km/hr) Other
Air 3-22 38-91 NW-NE/calm-29
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air 7-21 31-100 Variable/calm-2fl
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air
Air 19 53 S/28
Air
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Tap Water
Volume of air/cartridge
Sampling time x flow rate
Pump failure during sampling period
Upwind "grab scale"
ownwind "grab scale"
-------
t-0
O
o
4J
•H
OT
0
M
aS
rH
<
Mass Spectrum No.
Figure A-18. GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air at Site No. 1 in
Bound Brook, NJ (PI/LI). See Table A-38.
-------
(0
a
Hi
4J
p, .....
>
•H
4J
nJ
Mass Spectrum No.
Figure A-19. GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air at Site No. 1 in
Bound Brook, NJ (P2/L4). See Table A-37.
-------
O
N5
i1
k' "fc' k' k1. K V V
Mass Spectrum No.
Table A-20. GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air at Site No. 2 in
Rahway, NJ (P3/L7). See Table A-39.
-------
ro
O
U>
Mass Spectrum No.
Table A-21. GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air at Site No. 2 in
Rahway, NJ (P4/L2). See Table A-40.
-------
N>
O
-P-
I
CP
4i
u. ffiP
WVJ
Mass Spectrum No.
Figure A-22. GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air at Site No. 2 in
Rahway, NJ (P3/L3). See Table A-41.
-------
a
4-1
W
0)
4-1
Pt
4J
cd
• If.* »f
>/»• »7t
Mass Spectrum No.
Figure A-23. GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air at Site No. 3 in
Edison, NJ (P6/L5). See Table A-42.
-------
(0
o
Mass Spectrum No.
Figure A-24. GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organlcs In ambient air at Site No. 4
in Edison, NJ (P6/L6). See Table A-43.
-------
o
4-1
•rl
W
cd
,-1
0
Mass Spectrum No,
Figure A-25.
GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air at Site No. 4
in Fords, NJ (P8/L1). See Table A-44.
-------
NJ
O
00
•H
OT
C!
;:
sri* |3<
.' T»1 •prf.-T f-T*"'"*'
• »3'.«
Mass Spectrum No.
Figure A-26. GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air at Site No. 4
in Fords, NJ (P9/L3). See Table A-45.
-------
T—T
Mass Spectrum No.
Figure A-27. CC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organics in ambient air at Site No. 5
in Carlstadt, NJ (P10/L7). See Table A-46.
-------
N>
M
O
I'-
ll!
lui
Mass Spectrum No.
Figure A-28. GC/MS/COMP profile of vapor-phase organlcs in ambient air at Site No. 5 in
Carlstadt, NJ (P11/L4). See Table A-47.
-------
Table A-37. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 1 IN BOUND BROOK, NJ (P2/LA)a
ChroBico-
iraphlc
?t*k No.
2
5
7
3
11
13
15
17
Elution
T««p.
CO
55.7
65.7
70.7
71.7
83.0
3S.O
38.3
9X.3
Coopound
Freon 12 (BKC)
Freon 11 (BKC)
CH2C12
Freon 113
PFB (I)
CHC13
?FT (I)
1,1. 1-CTlehloroethane
Chromaco-
grapnic
Peak Ho.
19
22
33
36
49
51
53
Eluclon
Temp.
. Cci..
95.7
102.7
127.0
134.0
143.3
165.7
170.3
Compound
cci4
trichloroethylene
tecrachloroechylene
chlorobenzene
C-H ,Br
dlchlorobanzeoe isomer
dichlorobenzene isomer
±See Table A-31 for sampling protocol.
Table A-38. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR AT
SITE NO. 1 IN BOUND BROOK, NJ (Pl/Ll)a
Chroma co-
iraphic
Peak No.
2
9
11
12
15
17
Elution
Temp.
CC)
55.3
71.9
77.4
79.6
91.5
93.3
Compound
Freon 12 (BKG)
Freon 11 (BKC)
CH2C12
Freon 113
PFB (I)
CHC13
Chromaco-
graphlc
Peak No.
19
21
23
27
38
40
50
Elution
Temp.
CC)
97.0
100.0
103.7
109.3
121.3
137.3
167.3
Compound
PFT (I)
1,1, 1-crlchloroethane
CC1.
•4
trlchloro«chylene
teCTachloro«chylane
chloro benzene
dichlorobenzene isomer
See Table A-31 for sampling protocol.
211
-------
Table A-39. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 5 IN RAHWAY, NJ (P3/L7)3- TRIP. 2
Chromaco-
graphic
Peak No.
5
6,7
9
10
15
16
17
17a
Elution
Temp.
co
71.3
74.5
82
86.2
94
96.4
99.0
101.4
Compound
CF2C12 (Freon 12)
CFClj (Freon 11)
methylene chloride
CF2C1CFC12 (Freon 113)
PFB (I)
CHC13
PFT (I)
1 , 2-dichloroethane
Chromaco-
graphic
Peak No.
18
20
26
42
69
72
95
99
Elution
Temp.
co
103.0
107.0
114.6
142.8
190.2
195.3
226.6
233.8
Compound
1,1, 1-trichloroethane
cci4
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
dichlorobenzene isomer
dichlorobenzene isomer
trichlorobenzene isomer
trlchlorobenzene isomer
See Table A-32 for sampling protocol.
Table A-40. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 2 IN RAHWAY, NJ (P4/L2)a
Chroma co-
graphic
Peak No.
4
6
9
10
16
17
19
20
Elucion
Temp .
CO
71.9,
74.6
79.8
80.4
91.9
94.2
97.7
100.2
Compound
Freon 12 (BKG)
Freon 11 (BKG)
CH2C1,
Freon 113
PFB (I)
CHC13
PFT (S)
1,1,1-crichloroethane
Chromato-
graphic
Peak No.
22
27
40
44
71
75
102
Elution
Temp.
CO
105.2
113.2
141.7
149.7
189.2
195.0
226.2
Compound
cci4
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
dichlorobenzene isomer
dichlorobenzene isomer
trichlorobenzene isomer
See Table A-32 for sampling protocol.
212
-------
Table A-41. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 2 IN RAHWAY, NJ (P3/L3)a
Chronaco-
jraphic
P««k NO.
2
7
9
10
15
16
17
17a
Eluclon
CC)
63.4
76.0
31.2
82.3
93.8
96.1
99.6
101.7
Compound
Freon 12 (EKC)
Fr«on 11 (BKC)
Freon 113
TO (S)
CHC13
prr (i)
1 ,2-dichlorocthana
Chromaco-
graphic
Peak No.
13
20
24
34
38
42
66
70
86
Eluclon
Temp.
CO
102.6
107.3
114.8
127.0
142.6
150.6
190.0
195.4
227.0
Compound
1,1, 1-crlchloroechane
CC1,
crlchloroechylene
1,1,2-crlchloroechane
tecrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
dichlorobenzene Isomer
dlchlorobenzene Isomer
crichlorobenzene laoaer
See Table A-32 for sampling protocol.
-------
Table A-42. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 3 IN EDISON, NJ (P6/L5)a
Chromato-
graphic
Peak No.
2
4
5
8
11
12
14
Elution
Temperature
66.3
74.9
72.9
82.9
85.9
89.6
92.3
Compound
Freon 11 (BKG)
CE2C12 (BKG)
Freon 113
PTB (I)
CHC13
PFT (S)
1,1, 1-trichloroethane
graphic
Peak. Ho.
16
19
29
31
46
49
Temperature
CO
-96.3
103.2
126.7
133.7
164.6
168.8
Compound
CC1,
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
dichlorobenzene isomer
dichlorobenzene isomer
See Table A-34 for sampling protocol.
Table A-43. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 4 IN EDISON, NJ (P6/L6)S
Chromaco-
graphic
Peak No.
1
3
5
6
9
11
12
13
Elution
Temp.
rc>
56
64.6
70
71
82.2
84.6
88.3
90.0
Compound
Freon 12 .(BKG)
Freon 11 (BKG)
CE2C12
Freon 113
PFB (I)
CHClj
PFT
-------
Table A-44. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 4 IN FORDS, NJ (P8/Ll)a - TRIP 2
Chrooaco-
graphic
Peak No.
3
6
9
10
13
15
17
Elucion
Temp .
CO
55.7
65.7
70.7
72.0
82.7
85.3
88.7
Compound
Freon 12
Freon 11
mechylene chloride
Freon 113
PTB (I)
chloroform
PFT (t)
Chroma co*
graphic
Peak No.
19
21
25
36
55
58
• Elucion
Temp.
CO
92.0
96.0
102.7
127.0
166.0
170.3
Compound
1,1, 1-crichloroechane
carbon cetrachloride
crlchloroechylene
cecrachloroechylene
dichlorobenzene isoner
dichlorobenzene isotner
See Table A-35 for sampling protocol.
Table A-45. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 4 IN FORDS, NJ (P9/L3)
Chroaaco-
graphic
Peak No.
4
8
11
12
16
18
20
Elucion
Temp.
CO
55.7
66.0
71.0
72.3
83.3
85.3
89.0
Compound
Freon 12 (BKG)
Freon 11 (BKC)
CH-C1,
Freon 113
?FB (t)
CHC13
PFT (1)
Chromaco-
graphic
Peak No.
22
25
29
41
57
59
Elucion
Temp .
CO
91.7
96.0
102.7
126.3
164.3
168.7
Compound
1,1,1-crichloroechane
cci4
crichloroethylene
tetrachloroechylene
dichlorobenzene isomer
dichlorobenzene isomer
See Table A-35 for sampling protocol,
215
-------
Table A-46. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIFIED IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 5 IN CARLSTADT, NJ (P10/L7)
Chrtmaco-
graphic
2
3
8
11
15
17
18
Elucion
Temp.
63.3
63.6
74.5
81.5
92.7
99.3
101.2
Compound
Freon 12 (BKG)
dichloroethylene
Freon 11
Freon 113
P7B (I)
P7T (I)
1,1,1-crichloroe thane
Chromato-
graphic
Peak No.
20
25
35
40
56
59
69
Elucion
Temp.
CO
106.0
113.4
141.2
149.2
187.8
192.9
223.1
Compound
CGI,
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
dichlorobenzene isomer
diehlorobenzene isomer
trichlorobenzene isomer
See Table A-36 for sampling protocol.
Table A-47. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IDENTIF^^D IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 5 IN CARLSTADT, NJ (P11/L4)
Chromaco-
graphic
Peak Ho.
1
5
7
8
14
15
17
17a
Elucion
Temp.
CC)
63.4
74.6
80.6
81.2
92.7
94.6
98.8
IOC. 6
Compound
Freon 12 (BKG)
Freon 11 (BKG)
nethylene chloride
Freon 113
PFB (I)
CHC13
PTT (S)
1 , 2-dichloroethane
Chroma co-
graphic
Peak No.
18
20
24
31
38
63
67
86
Elution
Temp .
CO
100.9
106.2
113.8
126.8
141.7
189.5
194.3
224.9
Compound
1,1, 1-trichloroethane
CCl,
crichloroethylene
1,1,2-crichloroethane (cent.)
tecrachloroethylene
dichlorobenzene isoner ,
dichlorobenzene isomer
trichlorobenzene isomer
See Table A-36 for sampling protocol.
216
-------
Table A-48.
ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR AT
SITE NO. 1 IN BOUND BROOK, NJ (9/18 - 19/78)3
-------
Table A-49. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR AT
SITE NO. 1 IN BOUND BROOK, NJ (9/19-20/78)a
Category Conpound
Ublqultoua 1,1-dlchloroethana
chlorofona
1,2-dlchloroe thane
1,1,1-trlcliloroe thane
carbon tetrachlorlde
tcichlorocthylene
tetrachloroethylene
•-JichlorobenianB
o-dtchlorob«nzen«
P2/L1
ND
5,111
612
6,415
2,333
7,457
10,286
2 343
800
657
+
•»•
±
4-
•f
+
-f
+
b
555
97
512
370
629
1,057
286
143
86
P2/L2 P2/L3
ND .
3,694 j
581 +
5,756 +
1,778 +
3,075 +
5,051 +
746 +
661 +
390 *
ND
472 10,750 + 4,083
64 742 -I- 161
49 5,439 + 561
0 1,519 ± 74
552 5.179 ± 1,612
627
85
51
34
P2/L4
NJ
2.278
355 + 0
4,854 ± 439
1,259 + 0
3,925 + 567
8,429
2 071 + 536
821 + 0
893 + 36
P2/L5
T
3,694
452
8.634
2.333
6,149
7,436
158
327
99
+
±
•f
+
+
+
±
667
32
293
148
627
802
59
9.9
9.9
P2/L6
ND
3,611
581 + 32
8,634 + 34
2,296 + 667
3,881 + 149
8.075 + 591
366 + 86
613 + 22
140 + 0
F2/L8
ND
6,167 ± 278
323 ± 97
2,537 + 732
1,000 + 259
1.672 + 194
1,274 + 168
263 + 105
147 + 21
95 ± 21
NO
M
o° a
See Table A-31 for sampling protocol.
Values are in ng/m , ND = not detected, T = trace, — not determined.
-------
Table A-50.
ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 2
IN RAHWAY, NJ (9/20 - 21/78)3
Category
Ubiquitous
Slt*-Sp«clftc
Conpoun4
chlorofora
1 . 2-dlchloroethane
1,1.1-trlchlorocthane
carbon tetrachlorid*
trichloroethylen*
tecrichloroethyleue
chlorobenzene
jr-illchlorobenien«
&-dlchlorob«ni in*
tr Ichlorobuaxn*
P3/L1
10.091 t 1.227*
1,345 t 275
14,923 t 3.000
2.789 1 579
8.114 t 2.083
19.660 t 7.094
283 t 123
170 t 113
207 t 38
179 t 132
P3/L2
7.409
2.000 1 137
20.000 t 1.153
3,842 t 105
11.520 t 1.646
21,181 t 1.771
578 t 217
410 t 24
337 t 156
156 t 24
P3/L3
17
1.586
19.115
3,181
12.000
9,691
670
484
299
113
,318
t 207
t 153
t 105
t 1,562
t 587
t 391
t 0
t 123
t 21
P3/L4
10
1.379
15.615
2.579
9.583
9.747
.181
* 517
t 2.615
t 684
t 4.208
t 3.198
98
132
88
33
P3/L5
20,409
1,810
22.692
2,737
48,646
13.876
550
696
1.438
180
t 1.864
t 275
t 3.385
t 421
1 6.250
t 2,213
t 292
t 135
t 326
t 45
P3/L6
8.727 i 3,318
2.034 t 172
31.461 t 8,154
3,684 t 789
21,354 t 1.208
21,469 t 901
1.222 t 518
580 * 86
1,506 t 309
222 t 25
P3/L7
38.636 t
1.241 t
24.154 t
3.368 t
16.375 t
33.050 t
414 t
525 t
11,555 1
353 *
3.136
655
846
158
417
2.555
71
40
768
50
a
See Table A-22 for sampling protocol.
V n
Values in ng/m , - = not detected, T = trace.
-------
Table A-51. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR AT
SITE NO. 2 IN RAHWAY, NJ (9/21-22/78)3
KJ
KJ
O
Cat«|ory
Ubiquitous
Slt»-
apeclf Ic
Compound
chloroform
1,2-dlchloroe thane
1,1,1-trlchloroe thane
carbon tetrachlorlde
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
ehlorobenzene
n-dlchlorobenzene
o-dlchlorobenzene
trlchlorobenzene
Site No. 2
P4/L1
1
98,625 + 2,815
3,200 + 0
47,100 + 3,300
4,071 + 71
173,886 + 2,600
35,198 + 1,077
747 + 0
967 + 0
2,154 + 374
450 + 33
P4/L2
1
32,750 +
4.300 +
38,400 +
4,000 +
48,743 +
44,446 +
807 +
951 +
446 +
554 +
5,000
0
600
0
1.514
277
24
24
12
24
P4/L3
34.000 +
3,050 +
46,200 +
3,571 +
38,914 +
32,108 +
711 +
915 +
361 +
373 +
17,312
50
3.100
143
3,400
13,807
72
12
72
217
P4/L4
22,250 +
2,400 +
31,150 +
4,143 +
26.600 +
20,000 +
518 +
651 +
253 +
102 +
11.750
100
3,900
500
285
301
205
132
12
6
P4/L5
17,125 + 625
3,900 + 200
51,200 + 11,200
5,643 + 2,000
121,886 + 4,857
25,510 + 2.964
1,132 + 181
1,855 + 385
9,807 + 1.638
415 + 108
P4/L6
29,125 + 16,
4.800
53,900
8,214
178.229
39,881
1,505
1.752
2,604
495
P4/L7
500 38,812 + 11,062
3,375 + 9
41,400 + 200
29,571 + 143
103,057 + 8.028
38,359 + 4,180
888 + 90
904 + 112
10,438 + 1,438
494 + 67
See Table A-32 for sampling protocol.
i ^
Values In ng/m , — = not detected, T = trace.
-------
Table A-52. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR
AT SITE NO. 3 IN EDISION, NJ (9/22-23/78)
l-o
NJ
C*t»i 0
26,364 + 0
282 + 59
282 *; 59
671 + 3)
212 + 12
r$/u
HD
T
HD
T
HD
T
T
HD
T
T
rs/ts
HD
3.116 + 419
1,714 + 428
»,889 * l.SOO
5,083 + 210
14,218 + 4.167
10,074 ± 8)2 *
210 i 0
600 + 1)8
274 i 21
f)/L6
T
6.83* + 3.322
4.)71 + 1.03)
10. 679 + 678
4.542 + 2)0
27.2)0 + 2.37)
8.232 + 3.000
30) ± *4
368 + 74
242 * 11
r)/L7
HD
).290 + 1.097
HD
1.500 + 71
T
T
421 + 0
T
1)8 + 0
HD
See Table A-34 for sampling protocol.
i o
Values are in ng/m , ND = not detected, T = trace.
-------
Table A-53. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR
AT SITE NO. 3 IN EDISON, HJ (9/23-24/78)3
Category Compound
Ubiquitous l,l~dichloroethane
chlorof oro
1,2-dlchloroethane
1,1,1-trlchloroethane
carbon tecrachlorlde
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
»-dlchlorobenzen«
o-dlchlorobenrene
P6/L1
HDb
9,086 + 2,028
3,839 + 484
18,195 + 1,171
12,852 + 667
89,985 + 3,388
8,752 •»• 705
2,971 + 114
790 + 95
1,333 + 124
P6/L2
ND
6.943 +
3,742 +
5,829 +
3.370 +
5,089 +
7,163 +
2,306 +
1,418 +
1,163 ±
2.828
548
512
222
0
571
61
408
0
P6/L3
T
8.600
7.226
7,756
3,852
6,373
8,031
2.354
1,123
1,646
P6/L4
ND
5,857
710
9,219
2,926
2.970
18.857
536
2.107
+ 1,171
+ 64
+ 634
+ 444
+ 44
+ 2,000
± n
± °
T
P6/L5
NT
4,314 -4-
806 +
6,707 +
2,259 +
5,940 +
6,647 +
529 +
647 +
247 ±
P6/L6
m
0
32
244
518
0
952
82
153
0
6,443
772
6,732
4,259
5,522
5,745
564
904
308
± 1.457
+ 64
1 927
+ 889
+ 850
± 1,649
± °
+ 85
± 53
F6/L7
HD
7.714 + 1,257
1,484 + 290
7.610 + 1,341
8,444 + 1,000
5.507 ± 418
5.699 + 1.438
1.041 + 301
767 ± 232
493 + 96
3See Table A-34 for sampling protocol.
i O
Values are In ng/m , ND = not detected, T = trace.
-------
Table A-54. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR
AT SITE NO. A IN FORDS, NJ (9/25-26/78)a
U>
Category Compound
Ublqultoue 1,1-dlchloroethane
chlorofora
1 . 2-d Uhloroathane
1,1,1-trlchloroethane
carbon tatrachlorlde
t rlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenxene
•-dlchlorobenzcnc
o-dlchlorobeniene
P8/L1
P8/L2
HDb ND
11.419
609
10.555
3.889
5.940
2.179
263
432
189
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
6.000
97
3.722
1.167
418
189
105
179
74
12.677
439
6,722
2.778
2.253
1,653
326
253
326
+ 2.742
+ 49
± Ul
+ 167
+ 253
+ 63
+ 74
+ 221
P8/L3
ND
7.290 + 0
244 + 0
I. Ill + 222
703 + 185
985 +238
368 + 10
147 + 63
158 + 21
T
P8/L4 P8/L5
HD
21,871 3.742
366 + 0 S12
7.889 + 500 8,944
1.926 + 333 1.741
8.522 + 2492 4.746
2,734
-
362
213
T
+ 452
+ 195
+ 3,167
+ 333
+ 1612
+ 596
T
+ 74
+ 96
P8/L6
ND
28.258 + 12.129
1,049 + 73
9,944 + 2.167
3.370 + 0
7,209 + 418
4,426 + 1,228
T
T
T
F8/L7
342 +
14.710 +
1,000 +
18.278 +
2,926 +
14.209 +
5.703 +
392 +
3.392 +
5.513 +
79
4.774
146
6.167
0
1,478
838
94
945
1.257
See Table A-35 for sampling protocol.
t O
Values are In ng/m , ND = not detected, T = trace, - = not determined.
-------
Table A-55. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR
AT SITE NO. 4 IN FORDS, NJ (9/26-27/78)a
ho
NJ
-P-
Category Co«r"«n
-------
Table A-56. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN
AMBIENT AIR AT SITE NO. 5 IN CARLSTADT, NJ (9/28-29/78)a
Site No. S
Category Compound
Ublqultoua chloroform
1.2-dlchloroethane
1,1, 1- 1 rlchloroe thane
carbon tetrachlorlde
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
•t-d Ichlorobenzene
<>-d Ichlorobenzene
Stte-0peclClc trlchlorobenzene
vinyl chloride
P10/L1
5,296
22,625
2,560
14,058
2.689
422
95
211
1,225
4 l,333b
-
4 0
4 200
4 633
4 289
4 33
4 0
4 22
-
P10/L2
30,629
314
1.812
460
1.067
670
48
27
23
23
ND
P10/L3
27.889
371
10.062 4 62
1.344
23.838 4 5,467
2,080 4 589
732 4 285
89 4 22
259 4 71
19
• 68
P10/L4
25.556
657
21,062 4
2,840 4
30,800 4
7.465 4
1,762 4
287 4
891 4
89 4
247
5,687
880
3.600
2.148
99
59
287
39
P10/L5
18,556 4
-
25,437 4
2.320 4
17.883 4
24.895 4
1.223 4
235 4
306 ±
88 4
635
6,481
5,562
400
833
1.565
423
70
47
18
P10/L6
37,296
-
13,687 4 2.187
1.880 4 480
6.950 4 467
4,625 4 87
4,637 4 87
100 4 6
72 4 12
-
T
P10/L7
34.111
19,375 4
2.280 4
17,050 4
7,951 4
1,622 4
305 4
256 4
109 4
122
1.438
680
3.350
768
134
37
24
12
See Table A-36 for sampling protocol.
Values in ng/m , - = not detected, T = trace.
-------
a
ON
Table A-57. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE 11ALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN AMBIENT AIR
AT SITE NO. 5 IN CARLSTADT, NJ (9/29-3/78)a
Sit. Ha. )
CiKfOTT Cf^fmml H 1/1.1 Ml/I. 2
Ubltfgultoui chloroform 72,444 47,148 t 11,778
l,l-41dilor« 71) 12)
Tlnrl chloric)* ,1,581 1,112
fll/t]
13.740 « 1,407
2.833 1 333
9,000 i 1,0)9
6,37) t 2,167
)6.<20 1 6,])2
12.402 > 972
2)2 J 17
7)7 t 214
467 * 7)
121 t 0
1,071
M1/L4
96,926
J.3S9 t )]
1«.)88 > 9,294
),87) > 708
90,196 1 16,10)
28,072 » 7,229
1)0 * 17)
2,732 > 897
1,1)4 i 412
- 360 i 17)
712
Ml/I.) Ml/16
1,617
4,472
46.23)
7.708
89,448
4). 89)
383
2,)9)
2.384
)7)
964
i 440 18,148 t 222
1 889
1 11,0)9 41,388
1 1,62) 3,12)
< 14.84) 30,862
i 10,1)1 39,430
1 21 342
i 160 1.468
> 4)1 671
t 10) 221
116
Ml/17
36,18] 1 10.778
f
101.23) t 60,941
114,9)8
17,862 < 638
37,0)6 I 380
732
830
704
)77
169
M2/I.8
54. )5)
-
3.118
792
2,690
130.886
228
386
128
8
KB
ri 2/1,9
12,961 t 4,8)2
T
1,118 1 118
189 1 0
724 t 190
2,44) < 14)
14) 1 8
74 i t
66 1 «
-
m
o
See Table A-36 for sampling protocol.
Values in ng/tn , - = not detected, T = trace.
-------
Table A-58. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR CENTRAL AND NORTHERN NEW JERSEY
to
10
Site
Paterson, NJ
(SI)
Clifton, NJ
(S2)
Passaic, NJ
(S3)
Hoboken, NJ
(S4)
Fords, NJ
(S8)
Sampling Time
Sampling Location (min)
12th St. & 4th Ave. 42
Dyer Ave. £, 39
Wheeler St.
First St. & 39
Essex St.
New County Rd . 39
U. S. Post Office
Depot
North of Tenneco 44
plant
Sampling Volume
(«,) Remarks
300 3/22/76
40°F
300 3/22/76
45°F
300 3/22/76
40°F
300 3/23/76
51°F
300 3/26/76
72°F
1231-1313 hr
300~360ffl/3 mph
1528-1607 hr
320°/2 mph
1715-1754 hr
320°/5 mph
1223-1302 hr
280VO-10 mph
1559-1643 hr
200°/0-2 mph
See reference A-2.
-------
Table A-59. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED.ORGANICS IN NEW JERSEY1
N>
M
OO
Chemical
methylene chloride
carbon tetrachloride
1, 2-dichloroethane
1, 1-dichloroethane
1,1,2-trichloroethane
1,1, 1,2-tetrachloroethane
1, 1, 2, 2-tetrachloroethane
pen tachloroe thane
hexachloroe thane
o-dlchlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
£-dichlorobenzene
Paterson
1091b
<59
<212
<200
<167
<20
<20
<17
<17
<33
T(33)
<30
Hoboken
<454
833
<58
<160
<167
<20
<20
<17
<17
T(33)
T(33)
<30
City
Clifton
1545
T(59)
<213
<160
<167
<20
<20
<17
<17
<33
<33
<30
Fords
9286
334
<334
<285
<250
<24
<24
<17
<17
<34
<34
<34
Passalc
400
<50
<192
<145
<167
<20
<20
<17
<17
<33
T(33)
<30
Sayrevllle
14444
555
<263
<228
<217
<22
2872
<10
<10
106
157
<9
**O«« r"— .1. 1 «. A CO f ^.-~ »n««.1-f«A, n-fe-.nC-.n.m-il /«*nCn-»«._^.n A 1 \
Valuer In ng/m , T
trace, ( ) and < Indicate limits of detection.
-------
Table A-60. SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR KIN-BUC DISPOSAL SITE
M.'tooro logical Conditions
Period
6/29/76 (PI) LI
12
L3
LA
(P2) LI
L2
L3
LA
6/30/76 (P3) Ll
L2
L3
LA
Location
(Tower Marina)
(Meadow Rd.)
(N of Site)
(N of Site)
(Tower Marina)
(Meadow Rd . )
(E of Site)
(E of Site)
(Sayreville)
(Meadow Rd . )
(Meadow Rd. )
(W of Site)
Distance from
Siten
255V1.65 km
~3A5°/O.A km
25°/O.Al km
35°/0.29 km
255V1.65 km
~3A5°/0.36 km
A0°/0.18 km
35°/0.22 km
2.01 km FSR
from site
A 5 m downwind
of chemical plant
350°/O.A6 km
305°/0.3A km
Sampling
Time
1207-1359
1206-1355
1207-1359
1207-1359
1607-1737
1607-1737
1607-1737
1607-1737
1029-1229
1030-1230
]029-1229
1029-1229
Sampling
Volume"
112
13A
156
1AO
111
175
183
187
138
187
175
191
.5
.A
.A
.2
.5
.5
.9
.2
T(°F)
82
82
82
82
86
86
86
86
82
82
82
82
ZRII
69
69
69
69
57
57
57
57
76
76
76
76
Wind Dir./
Speed
255
mph
2AO
mph
2AO
mph
°/2-7
°/3-7
°/3-7
210-2550/
2-8 mph
270
mph
°/2-7
220-2A00/
0-3 mph
-
2A5
mph
70°
mph
100
2-7
95^
5-9
°/0-2
\
/2-7
+1AO"/
mph
-
1200/
mph
in
30.
30.
30.
30.
30.
30.
30.
30.
30.
30.
30.
30.
Hg
19
19
19
19
18
18
18
18
12
12
12
12
(contInucd)
-------
Table A-60 (cont'd.)
Period
Location
Distance from
Sitea
Hetcoroloi;ical Conditions
Sampling Sampling Wind Dir./
Time Voltimeb T (°F) %R1I Speed in Hg
(PA) LI (Tower Marina) 255°/1.65 km
L2 (Meadow Rd.) 21 m from
chemical plant
L3 (N of Site) 0°/0.73
U>
O
L4 (NE, then N
of site)c
25°/0.41 km
345°/0.91 km
7/1/76 (P5) LI (Tower Marina) 255°/l-65 km
L3 (On-Site)
L4 (E of Site)
40V0.18 km
(P6> LI (Tower Marina) 255°/1.65 km
L2 (Meadow Rd.) 345°/0.36 km
L3 (On-Site)
1457-1646 117.7
1458-1646 248
1457-1646 200.3
1457-1528 0.104
1537-1648 0.269
1006-1206 114.4
L2 (Meadow Rd.) -76 m from 1006-1206 204.2
chemical plant
1015-1038 19.8
1006-1206 230
1425-1625 120
1425-1625 181
1444-1458 19.8
88 57 18(H200°/ 30.07
5-12, 20-
35, 10-20
88 57 190°/5-15 30.07
mph
88 57 190°/5-20 30.07
mph
88 57 180-»-200V 30.07
5-35 mph
79 57 270°/5-9 30.10
mph
79 57 230-2600/ 30.10
4-12 mph
79 57 260°/4-9 30.10
mph
79 57 230-250"/ 30.10
4-12 mph
84 43 270°/2-5 30.12
mph
84 43 230-2600/ 30.12
2-5 mph
84 43 230-2600/ 30.12
2-5 mph
(continued)
-------
Table A-60 (cont'd.)
Meteorological Conditions
Distance from Sampling Sampling Wind Dlr./
Period Location Sltea Time 'Volume" T(°F) %RH Speed in llg
L4 (E of Site) 40°/0.18 km 1425-1625 208.A 84 43 230-2600/ 30.12
2-8 mph
Approximate magnetic bearing and distances relative to Kin-Buc (reference A-2).
Volume in liters.
c
Sampler was moved to new site during sampling period.
LO
-------
Table A-61. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR
FROM KIN-BUG DISPOSAL SITE, EDISON, NJ (PERIODS 1 & 2)3
Sampling Period/Location
Chemical
methylene chloride
chloroform
carbon tetrachlorlde
vinyl chloride
vlnylldlne chloride
1, 2-dlchloroethylene
1, 1-dlchloroethane
1, 2-dichloroethane
1, 1, 1-trichloroethane
1, 1,2-trichloroethane
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
1,1,1, 2-tetrachloroethane
1, 1,2,2- tetrachloroe thane
pen tachlcroe thane
hexachloroc* thane
chlorobenzene
cj-dlchlorobenzene
m-dlchlorobenzene
j>— di chlorobenzene
PI/LI
<1000
6389
<111
<18750
<555
<555
<470
<348
T(417)
<294
T(131)
354
<53
<53
<45
<45
170
<89
705
<80
P1/L2
<1000
T(230)
<153
<15000
<454
<454
<364
<381
NQ
<294
210
1527
<45
<45
<37
<37
112
1873
33783
<67
P1/L3
<1000
T(230)
1312
< 15000
<454
<454
<364
<381
T(417)
294
1315
T(45)
<38
<38
<32
<32
<96
<64
244
<58
P1/L4
T(1000)
T(230)
750
< 15000
<454
<454
<364
217
T(417)
294
10052
T(45)
<38
<38
<36
<36
507
77
<64
<58
P2/L1
T(3750)
1999
12687
<18750
<555
4947
<470
T(150)
T(555)
<357
4947
1187
<54
<54
<45
<45
T(135)
<90
T(90)
<81
P2/L2
T(3750)
T(230)
13687
<18750
<555
4500
<470
434
T(417)
<357
4500
T(49)
<34
<34
<28
<28
T(85)
T(57)
205
<51
P2/L3
T(3750)
T(230)
7250
<18750
<555
5263
<470
T(347)
T(417)
<357
5263
2896
<32
<32
<27
<27
T(82)
<55
<55
<49
P2/L4
T(3750)
<230
1937
<18750
<555
T(565)
<470
2173
T(417)
<357
T(178)
T(49)
<32
<32
<26
<26
1127
<53
<53
<48
(cont inued)
-------
Tabie A-6J (confd.)
Sampling Period/Location
Chemical
1,2,4- trichlorobenzene
1, 3, 5- trichlorobenzene
1, 2, 5- trichlorobenzene
PI/LI
<53
<45
<53
P1/L2
<45
<37
<45
P1/L3
<38
<32
<38
P1/L4
<58
<36
<38
P2/L1
<54
<45
<54
P2/L2
<34
<28
<34
P2/L3
<32
<27
<32
P2/L4
<32
<26
<32
See Table A-60 for sampling protocol.
-j
T = trace, ( ) and < indicates limit of detection. All values in ng/m .
K)
LO
U)
-------
Table A-62. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR
FROM KIN-BUG DISPOSAL SITE, EDISON, NJ (PERIODS 3 & 4)&
Sampling Period/Location
Chemical
methylene chloride
chloroform
carbon tetrachlorlde
vinyl chloride
vlnylidine chloride
1, 2-dichloroethylene
1, 1-dlchloroethane
I , 2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroe thane
1, 1,2-trichloroethane
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
1, 1, 1, T-tetrachloroethane
1, 1, 2, 2-»:etrachloroethane
pentachloroathan3
hexachloroe thane
chlorobenzene
o-dlchlorobenzene
ra-dlchlorobenzene
£— dtchlorobenzene
P3/L1
7600
9000
T(125)
<15000
<454
<454
<476
37913
<417
3500
3737
<50
<43
<43
<36
<36
<109
<72
T(72)
<65
P3/L2
T(1000)
1944
T(125)
< 15000
<454
<454
<476
<347
<417
<294
T(178)
291
<32
<32
<27
<27
167
<53
<53
<48
P3/L3
T(1000)
12333
T(125)
< 15000
v <454
<454
<476
T(347)
19167
<294
i 6895
2847
<34
<34
<28
<28
480
341
376
<48
(continued)
P3/L4
T(1000)
3445
2000
<15000
T(454)
<454
<476
347
158
<294
10315
<49
<34
<34
<26
<26
1807
942
895
<47
P4/L2
T(1250)
5834
1875
<18750
<588
<588
<470
T(444)
T(556)
<357
394
527
<34
<34
<20
<20
T(60)
<40
T(40)
<36
P4/L3
T(1250)
8999
7625
<18750
<588
<588
<470
1130
7684
<357
5289
9173
<30
<30
<25
<25
607
150
410
<45
P4/L4
1(1250)
2778
T(153)
<18750
<555
<555
<470
<444
T(555)
<357
T(214)
1389
<40
<40
<27
<27
610
T(54)
T(54)
<49
-------
Table A-62 (cont'd.)
Sampling Period/Location
Chemical
1,2,4- trichlorobenzene
1, 3, 5- trichlorobenzene
1, 2, 5-trichlorobenzene
P3/L1
<43
<36
<43
P3/L2
<32
<27
<32
P3/L3
<34
<28
<34
P3/L4
<34
<26
<34
P4/L2
<34
<20
<34
P4/L3
<30
<25
<30
P4/L4
<32
<27
<32
a
See Table A-60 for sampling protocol.
Values are in ng/m , T = trace, ( ) and < indicates limit of detection.
U>
tn
-------
Table A-63. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR
FROM KIN-BUG DISPOSAL SITE, EDISON, NJ (PERIODS 5 & 6)3
Sampling Period/Location
Chemical
methylene chloride
chloroform
carbon tetrachloride
vinyl chloride
vlnylldine chloride
1, 2-dlchloroethylene
1, 1-dlchloroethane
1, 2-dichloroethane
1, 1, 1-trichloroethane
1,1,2- 1 rlchloroe thane
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
1, 1,1,2-tetrachloroethane
1,1,2, 2- tetrachloroethane
pen tac!ilc-oe thane
hexachloro^? thane
chlorobenzene
o-dlchlorobenzene
m-dlchlorobenzene
j>~dlchlorobenzene
P5/L1
T(1000)
17222
<125
< 15000
<454
<454
<380
T(348)
T(417)
<294
T(132)
1360
<52
<52
<44
<44
T(132)
<88
T(88)
<79
P5/L2
T(1000)
11111
<125
<15000
<454
<454
<380
<348
T(417)
<294
T(132)
152
<29
<29
<25
<25
T(74)
T(49)
T(49)
<45
P5/L3
40000
19444
<125
<15000
<454
<454
<421
7575
3417
<263
18,940
25560
<29
<29
<25
<25
T(74)
1526
, 789
<45
P5/L4
100000
8334
7000
<15000
<454
<454
<421
9565
M 50000
4467
3684
34632
<34
22285
<22
<22
12791
5087
839
<39
P6/L1
3000
944
3125
<15000
<454
<454
<421
T(347)
T(417)
<294
T(132)
694
<50
<50
<42
<42
T(77)
1500
659
75
P6/L2
T(1000)
2500
625
<16667
<500
<500
<320
<276
<417
<444
T(132)
1229
<33
<33
<28
<28
T(83)
T(55)
T(55)
<50
P6/L3
260000
27200
10600
<16667
<500
<500
22700
27700
121000
<263
T(263)
394000
<315
15000
<263
<263
2656
9899
3526
474
P6/L4
42000
28334
7000
<16667
<500
<500
<400
260
75000
<312
10606
12500
<29
1389
<24
• <24
918
300
T(48)
<43
(continued)
-------
Table A-63 (cont'd.)
Sampling Period/Location
Chemical
1,2, A-trichlorobenzene
1, 3, 5-trichlorobenzene
1, 2, 5-trichlorobenzene
P5/L1 P5/L2
<52 <30
-------
Table A-64. AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR INVESTIGATING CHEMICAL DUMP/LANDFILL IN EDISON, NJ
Sampling Bearing°/distance Sampling Time
Period Location (No.) (mi) (min) m /cartridge
Remarks
1 Parkland (1)
180-260/0.25
U)
CO
Tower Marina (2) 065-909/M
Schoolliouse Rd.
East Brunswick, NJ
Parkland (1)
Parkland (1)
Parkland (1)
180-260/0.25
Tower Marina (2) 065-090/V1
180-260/0.25
4 Tower Marina (2) 065-090/M
160-275/MK06
36
38
38
40
39
45
0.317 3/24/76 - 12:47 pm-l:23 pm
65°F 35% Rll
Clear 30,48" Hg
Wind ^230°, 3-8 mph
0.300 3/24/76 - 4:47 pm-5:25 pm
64°F 38% Rll
Clear 30.42" Hg
Wind 200-230°, 5-13 mph
(upwind sample)
0.290 As above
0.032 (downwind samples)
0.300 3/25/76 - 11:15 am-ll:55 am
60°F 43% Rll
3/4 Cloud 30.22" Hg
Wind 225°, 3-8 mph
(upwind sample)
0.300 As above
(downwind sample)
0.300 3/25/76 - 3:08 pm-3:53 pm
As above
(upwind sample)
0.300 3/25/76 - 3:05 pm-3:46 pm
As above
(downwind sample)
(contInued)
-------
Table A-64 (cont'd.)
Sampling
Period Location (No.)'
Bearing°/distance Sampling Time
(mi)
(mln) m /cartridge
Remarks
ho
U>
Top of KB Mound
Meadow Rd. (5)
(between Stauffer
and KB)
NJ Turnpike (3)
at Mill Rd.
11
Sayreville, NJ (4)
at St. Stanislaus
School Rd.
145°/0.5
140°/M). 75
315-325/1.25
130
130
0.060 3/2576 - 3:06 pm-3s!7 pm
0.060 64°F 38% RH
Overcast 30.11" Hg
Wind 265-285°, 5-10 mph
0.300 3/25/76 - 4:20 pm-5:02 pm
63°F 45% RH
9/10 Cloudy 30.14" Hg
Wind 245°, 2-8 mph
(upwind sample)
0.914 3/26/76 - 10:48 am-12:59 pm
60°F 34% RH
Clear 30.41" Hg
Wind 300-320°. 0-10 mph
Shifting to 230° at 12:45 pm
(upfield sample)
0.958 3/26/76 - 10:49 am-12:59 pm
0.117 As above
(downwind sample)
See map (Fig. A-29) for location number (reference A-4)
Relative to dump site.
-------
Table A-65. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR
FROM KIN-BUG DISPOSAL SITE3
K3
-P-
o
Period/Location1*
Chemical
vinyl chloride
1, 1-dlchloroethane
1, 1, 1, 2-tetrachloroethane
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
pen tachloroe thane
hexachloroe thane
o-dichlorobenzene
m-dlchlorobenzene
jv-dichlorobenzene
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
1,3,5-trlchlorobenzene
1,2,3-trichlorobenzene
vlnyllulne chloride
1,1,2-trlchloroethane
PI/LI
<10714
<250
<22
<22
<17
<17
6320
<33
7000
167
1160
<22
<294
17571
P2/L2
< 10000
<228
<20
<20
<17
<17
T(33)
T(33)
<30
<20
<17
<20
<263
<217
P3/2
<10714
<267
<20
<20
<17
<17
250
143
<30
<20
<17
<20
<294
<238
P4/KB
T(11538)
<444
<22
<22
<84
<84
12433
26583
<150
<100
<84
<100
<294
11435
P4/L5
<10000
<195
<20
<20
<17
<17
<33
<33
<30
<20
<17
<20
<285
<217
P5/4
<10000
<195
<20
<20
<8
<8
58
126
<10
<20
<8
<20
<263
<217
See Table A-64 and Figure A-29 for sampling protocol and locations (reference A-4).
bValues In ng/m3, T = trace, ( ) and < Indicate limits of detection.
-------
Table A-66. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN
DRINKING WATER FROM NEW JERSEY3
-p-
Category
Ubiquitous
Site-Specific
Site No. 1
Compound P2/L5
1,1-dlchloroethane .
chloroform 32,075b
1,2-dlchloroethane . 96
1,1,1-trlchloroethane 67
carbon tetrachlorlde 125
trlchloroethylene 3,967
tetrachloroethylene 183
chlorobenzene 42
in-dlchlorobenzene • 9
o-dlchlorobenzene 29
bromodlchloromethane 49,317
chlorodibroraomethane 11,408
bromoform 25
trlchlorobenzene
Site No. 2
P3/L6
-
97.655
167
117
108
7.667
825
75
21
23
104,250
16,558
33
-
P4/L2
-
82,683
-
2,667
85
13.625
458
67
21
50
99.525
17,350
100
- ^
P6/L4
-
57,542
-
158
145
12,808
183
25
17
17
69,333
12.500
43
-
P6/L5
-
68,058
-
158
125
13,750
242
-
21
-
95,457
17,825
61
-
Site No. 3
P6/L6
-
28,933
125
121
575
1,267
87
-
-
-
51,971
11,017
37
-
P7/L2
-
73,308
-
100
225
12,317
45
42
13
42
77.879
8,975
25
-
P7/L3
-
98,192
-
158
358
1,533
183
38
6
48
90,967
92.592
16
-
P7/L7
-
2,825
117
125
317
7,333
200
22
8
-
1,725
5,392
1,592
-
P8/L1
-
37,633
75
157
283
757
86
T
T
-
24,358
3,150
-
-
See Tables A-31, A-32 and A-33 for sampling protocol.
Values in ng/i, - = not detected, T = trace.
-------
Table A-67. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN
DRINKING WATER AT SITE NO. 4 IN FORDS, NJ3
Category
Ubiquitous
Site-Specific
Compound
1 , 1-dichloroethane
chloroform
1,2-dichloroe thane
1^1,1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlo rob en z ene
m-dichlorobenzene
o-dichlorobenzene
bromodichlorome thane
chlorodibromome thane
bromoform
trichlorobenzcne
P8/L2 P8/L3
-
37,633b 35,217
75
157 183
283 347
757 8,625
86 250
'T 25
T 12
16
24,358 2,033
3,150 2', 4
-
-
Site No
P8/L4
-
32,758
125
87
77
9,175
192
32
8
-
40,325
4,433
16
--
. 4
P8/L5
-
5,383
200
208
122
14,650
240
35
-
-
11,925
7,708
250
-
P8/L6
142
2,750
73
208
300
9,725
215
25
11
12
642
1,067
275
-
P8/L7
105
4,200
208
258
347
15,058
275
32
15
-
2,392
6,633
1,750
-
*See Table A-34 for sampling protocol.
"""Values in ng/ S,, — = not detected, T = trace.
-------
Table A-68. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF PURGEABLE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN
DRINKING WATER AT SITE NO. 5 IN CARLSTADT, Nja
Category
Ubiquitous
Site-Specific
Compound
1 , 1-dichloroethane
chloroform
1 , 2-dichloro ethane
1,1, 1-trichloroethane
carbon tetrachloride
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
chlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
o-dichlorobenzene
bromodichlorome thane
chlorodibroinome thane
bromoform
trichlorobenzene
P10/L2
-
110,775b
172
405
183
18,017
717
32
25
32
112,225
19,083
42
-
P10/L4
-
64,933
93
64
87
6,908
167
20
7
10
83,483
13,067
29
-
Site
P10/L5
-
81,583
95
88
94
4,767
192
27
8
-
93,292
15,958
56
-
No. 5
P10/L6
-
96,825
385
143
172
12,633
307
36
T
13
13,653
22,833
50
-
P10/L7
-
64,992
-
371
197
1,372
114
29
8
-
86,708
16,525
41
-
P11/L1
78
120,458
112
586
431
3,883
1,183
40
21
47
146,150
16,267
33
-
See Table A-35 for sampling protocol.
"Values in ng/£, - = not detected, T = trace.
-------
0
0.5
1.0
MILES
Figure A-29.
Sampling locations surrounding Kir_~Buc Landfill
Edison, NJ. '
244
-------
Table A-69. AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR PLAQUEMINE, LA AREA
M
.p-
Ui
Sampling Locations
Plaquemine, LA
City Water Tower,
Bayou Rd (LI)
St. John Evangelist
Church Tower,
Church and Main St.
(L2)
LA 988 & Davis St.
(L3)
50 yd East off
LA IN (L4)
East off LA 1 (L5)
Off LA 1 (L6)
Off LA 1 on Ms.
Armalline Caillouet
Sampling Time
(min)
1363
1330
250
190
190
1095
990
Volume Sampled
U)
136
133
439
289
129
109
99
Remarks
1/31-2/1/77
44°F-49% RH
1/31-2/1/77
44°F-49%RH
2/1/77
44°F-47% RH
2/1/77
44"F-47% RH
2/1/77
44°F-36% Rll
2/1-2/2/77
44°F-36% Rll
2/1-2/2/77
43°F-36% Rll
1437-1320
0°/1-12 mph
1540-1350
0°/1-12 mph
1255-1705
70°/1-12 mph
1430-1740
70°/1-12 mph
1445-1755
70°/1-12 mph
1600-1015
90°/1-12 mph
1745-1015
90°/1-12 mph
Property (L7)
Plaquemine Evergreen
Plantation (L8)
Plaquemine Evergreen
Plantation (L9)
275
230
191
202
2/2/77 1250-1725
57°F-55% Rll 80°/l-3 mph
2/2/77 1325-1715
57°F-61/; Rll Variable Winds
-------
Table A-69 (cont'd.)
Sampling Locations
Sampling Time
(min)
Volume Sampled
U)
Remarks
Plaquemine Evergreen
Plantation (L10)
Plaquemine Evergreen
Plantation (Lll)
150
1035
100
103
2/2/77 1400-1630
56°F-55% RH 90°/variable
2/2-2/3/77 1705-1020
45°F-99% RH 90°/variable
See reference A-4.
-------
Figure A-30. Map depicting sampling locations near industrial complex
in Iberville Parish, LA.
247
-------
WEST BATCH TOUCH PHHI8H
~~~~~ HMOH
INDUSTRIAL
COMPLEX U10 •
Figure A-31. Map depicting locations of ambient air sampling network
in Iberville Parish, LA.
248
-------
Table A-70. CONCENTRATIONS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN IBERVILLE PARISH, LAa
Compound
Chloroacetylene
Vinyl chloride
Chloroethane
Vinylidine chloride
Location
LI
ND
192
ND
128
L2
ND
1,230
ND
36
L3
12
30
ND
ND
L4
ND
T
ND
ND
L5
58
59
ND
ND
L6
ND
534
ND
132
L7
45
1,334
1,378
990
L8
T
64
ND
ND
L9
T
76
ND
ND
L10
ND
ND
ND
ND
Lll
ND
ND
ND
ND
Bb
ND
ND
ND
ND
Pollutants which passed through the Tenax GC cartridge were collected on carbon then
5^ transferred to Tenax in the lab via thermal desorption, values are in ng/m-*.
^o u
B = blank carbon cartridge.
Source; E. D. Pellizzari, "Identification and Analysis of Ambient Air Pollutants Using the
Combined Techniques of Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry, EPA Contract No.
68-02-2262, Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 1, December 1, 1976 - February 28,
1977.
-------
Table A-71. CONCENTRATIONS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN IBERVILLE PARISH, LA
Ul
O
location!
Cftrnpeund
1.1,1 IrlcMofoclbins
1,2 dkhlorotllunt
vinyl cliloild«
tsihon It lrseMorld«
dlcMofobutinv
tetfKl.lorotthylent
1,1 ,7,7-lf liicliloioell.int
chloroform
l^-dkhlotopropin*
chlorntlhlrw
Tlnylldli" chlorldf
1,1-dlchloiotlhtm
dlchlofopropeni
1,1,2 !rkhlorotlh»ni
UlfKlilorobuHditn*
nexKhloro-1,3 buUditni
1,3-dlchloropioptnt
Irkl.loropropan*
lllrlchloropruplM llomir
pcnlKl.loraelhin)
Ml- (2-thlorohopropvll elhef
ti»«thlofotlhint
pcnlecMoiobuliditnt
thlorololuint
cMorobe»';nt
11
1100,20
1726-315
HO11
800-800
153.70
82.20
52.1
1908,122
944-172
NO
NQ
N0e
ND
580-60
ND
NO
ID'S
NO
NO
NO
66-22
ND
NO
NO
NO
12
1820,100
1219-0
NO
ND
2714.2000
977 r 900
264.191
419.0
735,37
NO
NO
ND
NO
NO
139,70
NO
NO
ND
32-30
NO
ND
NO
NO
NO
NO
13
08 '3
9-7
NQ
20-10
71.45
NO
ND
NO
1015-620
NQ
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
ND
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
14
1500-20
1590-45
NO
ND
ND
21,0
NO
633t10
ND
NO
NQ
ND
NO
NO
NO
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
IS
430-50
399,28
NO
NO
NO
54.3
T
950-112
209,4
NO
NO
ND
ND
36.0
ND
ND
T
NO
ND
T
NO
NO
NO
ND
NO
16
2680,0
3727.1127
NQ
T
7285>I571
489.70
NO
2433.100
1363-33
NO
NQ
T
106.4
200,18
T
18.3
NO
T
242-36
ND
T
T
NO
ND
ND
17
8760. 11CO
4709.200
NO
4628.1100
1392.178
1224.173
1573.243
6866.688
2233.136
NO
NO
478.56
261.32
1840.440
17.11
37.15
ND
24,9
13-6
13,5
363.152
T
T
ND
ND
LI
1556.0
362-4
NO
335.250
ND
159-170
ND
1080(468
T
NQ
NO
ND
ND
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
ND
NO
35.7
29.10
L9
524.61
304.36
NQ
667.200
54.25
27.3
14B.133
511.327
NO
NQ
NQ
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
ND
ND
NO
ND
ND
ND
ND
NO
ND
110
416.27
146,24
NQ
277.18
ND
30.10
NO
1387.161
NO
NQ
NQ
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
ND
NO
ND
NO
ND
NO
NO
NO
NO
111
1U.56
91.30
NQ
ND
ND
16.8
NO
1113.274
NO
NQ
NO
NO
ND
ND
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
NO
ND
NO
NO
NO
NO
3Values are in ng/m with reproducibility for duplicate cartridge.
NQ = n.i^ quantitated. These compounds were collected and analyzed from carbon cartridges.
£
ND = not detected.
Source: E. D. Pellizzari, "Identification and Analysis of Ambient Air Pollutants Using the
Combined Techniques of Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry", EPA Contract No.
68-02-2262, Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 2, March 1, 1977 - May 31, 1977.
-------
Table A-72. AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR GEISMAR, LA AREAa
K>
U1
Sampling Location
Corner of highway 73 and 75
(L12)
Southeast of Plant R
(L13)
North of Plant M
(L14)-l
Northeast of Plant H and N
(L15)
Northwest of Plant M off
LA 73 (L14) -2
Southwest of Plant M off
LA 73 (L16)
Sampling Time
(min)
1398
1400
260
25
1205
135
Volume Sampled
(A)
140
140
180
142
120
91
Remarks
2/28-3/1/77
28+85% RH
2/28-3/1/77
28+85% RH
3/1/77
85% RH
3/1/77
85% RH
3/1-3/2/77
52% R1I
3/2/77
52% RH
62°F
290->-2400/9 kts
62°F
290+240V9 kts
63°F
I80°/llght
63°F
180°/Hght
65°F
120"/light
65°F
120°/light
See reference A-4.
-------
Figure A-32. Sampling site and locations in Geismar, LA area
252
-------
Table A-73. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN GEISMAR, LA AREA
Ln
U)
Compound
1, 2-clichloroethane
carbon tetrachioride
tetrachloroethyleno
chloroform
1,1 , 2-trichloroethane
methylcne chloride
1,1, 1- t r Ich lor oc thane
1 , 2-dichloropropane
1, 1-dlchloroethanc
chlorobenzune
vlnylldine chloride
L-12
683
400
46
1571
120
1700
T
ND
NO
ND
ND
L- 1 3
ND
1133
86
3057
150
1909
250
1163
ND
ND
ND
I.-14A
10333
1433
43
3000
5450
727
200
ND
235
93
T
L-lr>
7844
300
86
11742
9611
1714
200
121
75
93
ND
L-K1
232
183
11
857
ND
700
75
ND
MD
T
ND
L-1411
4689
4667
100
9943
6900
545
175
71
550
143
200
L- 1 6
1555
10100
36
999
ND
772
400
39
133
171
ND
L-K2
100
300
7
943
ND
442
ND
3999
Ml)
900
ND
L-S
800
286
32
10355
320
2333
80
ND
ND
ND
ND
L-B
1444
2633
100
1257
ND
454
675
36
167
ND
ND
'Values arc In ng/m .
ND
not detected.
-------
Table A-74- AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR BATON ROUGE, LA AREA
N3
l_n
Sampling Location
Off U.S. 61 North of
Plant A
(L17)
Off unpaved, unmarked rd .
(L18)
Northwest of Plant A on
Mr. Ewell's ranch
(L19)
Northwest of Plant A on
Mr. Ewell's ranch
(L20)
Off unpaved, unmarked rd.
(L21)
Eastside of LA 61
(L22)
Northwest of Plant A on
Mr. Swell's ranch
(L20)
Off of Turning Basin Rd.
(L23)
Graveyard Area
(L24)
Sampling Time
(min)
1400
1435
235
260
30 ,;
265
195
1190
1070
Sampling Volume
140
143
156
184
195
146
129
119
107
Remarks
3/3-3/4/77
-99% RH
3/3-3/4/77
-99% RH
3/3/77
rain
3/4/77
93% RH
3/4/77
93% RH
3/8/77
49% RH
3/8/77
49% RH
3/8-3/9/77
50% RH
3/8-3/9/77
50% RH
1150-1110
120°/Ught
1135-1130
120°/light
1220-1615
120°/light
1125-1545
90-KL20°/4 mph
1207-1237
90°/4 mph
1205-1630
180°/4 mph
1235-1550
180°/4 mph
1625-1215
180° /5 mph
1640-1030
180V5 mph
-------
Table A-74 (cont'd.)
t-J
Ln
Oi
Sampling Location
Mengel Rd.
(L25)
Off LA 61
(L26)
Off Mengel Rd.
(L27)
Off LA 190
(L28)
Off Mengel Rd.
(L25)
Off LA 61
(L26)
Off Mengel Rd .
(L27)
Off LA 61
(L28)
Off Mengel Rd .
(L25)
Off LA 61
(L26)
Sampling Time
(min)
190
180
1090
1080
190
180
1090
1080
240
250
Sampling Volume
a)
124
121
109
108
124
121
109
108
162
152
Remarks
3/9/77
54% RH
3/9/77
54% RH
3/9-3/10/77
54% RH
3/9-3/10/77
54% RH
3/9/77
54% RH
3/9/77
54% RH
3/9-3/10/77
78% RH
3/9-3/10/77
78% RH
3/10/77
54% RH
3/10/77
54% RH
1330-1640
180° /7 mph
1400-1700
100°/7 mph
1650-1100
180°/8-9 mph
1715-1115
180°/8-9 mph
1330-1650
100°/7 mph
1400-1700
100 °/ 7 mph
1650-1100
180°/8-9 mph
1715-1115
180°/8-9 mph
1105-1505
180°/7 mph
1140-1550
180°/7 mph
-------
Table A-74 (cont'd.)
Sampling Location
Choctow Rd. and Pholox St.
(L29)
LA 1 and LA 190
(L30)
Sampling Time
(min)
235
960
Sampling Volume
(£)
173
96
Remarks
3/10/77 1215-1610
54% RH 180°/7 mph
3/10-3/11/77 1700-0900
75% RH 100° /6 mph
See reference A-4.
-------
^4 \ "« ««*
"I \
Figure A-33. Sampling site and location for Baton Rouge, LA area.
257
-------
SCOTLANDVILLE
Figure A-34. Sampling site and locations in Baton Scuge, LA.
258
-------
Table A-75. VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED AND OTHER ORGANICS ESTIMATED IN AMBIENT AIR OF
BATON ROUGE, LA AND VICINITY
Clu-mlcal
1.1. l-lrltliloroetlian*
t ,2-dicliloroethane
c.trton I tt rncltlor Ide
t L't r Jc hi o rout hv Knu
ch lornforro
tl Icltl ornbulane
1 ,?-rO|>rppnne
fit lurfu-t It.ino
vlnyltiU-nc cltlorlda
1 , l-illcltlorouthanr
1 . 1 . -- t r Ichloroc thane
lu'xnchloro- 1 . 3- bul. id 1 one
L It I nrup r?ne
Itfnzi'ne
at clone
nwMhylune chloride
F>- c h 1 o r o s t y r cne
die 1> lot ,.|)Cn/L-iic 1 bonier (a)
clt 1 or oprtne dlmer
r Iilnrcn7£i)e
1,1,2. 2-lct rjchlorottliane
1.17
178
117
874
a;
6,710
191
NO
HI)
II D
ND
NO
t:n
ND
11.050
1.035
2,600
ND
NU
II D
NO
ND
118
ND
712
452
34
6.'J68
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2,678
1,482
2,160
Nil
HO
NO
Nil
ND
L19
ND
458
289
32
1.290
NO
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2,53$
176
280
ND
ND
ND
ND
NU
L20A
NO
585
ND
ND
181
NU
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
• ND
ND
80
729
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
L21
178
78
74
60
4,775
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
(ID
X
1,220
682
1.999
X
ND
H
ND
ND
I.J2
ND
NO
ND
11
387
III)
ND
ND
NO
NU
ND
ND
' ND
8,099
1.521
160
ND
NO
ND
no
ND
L20B
HI)
887
111
44
542
NU
ND
ND
ND
68
ND
ND
ND
9.217
1,835
280
ND
NO
ND
ND
ND
1.2 J
200
731
592
5)
1.484
ND
30
ND
HI)
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.132
2.941
640
ND
X
ND
ND
ND
La
L24
178
712
531
41
1.097
ND
ND
NU
tin
ND
80
ND
ND
1.456
3.294
440
ND
ND
ND
MD
ND
cations
L25A
222
10.141
111
31
560
ND
NO
ND
ND
90
ND
ND
ND
676
1.447
240
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
L26A
ND
751
ill
64
368
ND
ND
ND
ND
HO
54
ND
ND
650
988
160
ND
ND
ND
ND
T
L27
78 + 24
122 + 0
148 + 0
20 + 0
568 + 11
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
511
68 + 21
120 + 76
NU
ND
ND
ND
ND
1.28
ND
1.229
429
164
819
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
NO
ND
ND
2,665
729
200
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
L25B
ND
2,000
161
11
187
11
ND
ND
ND
14
NO
NO
ND
1.248
188
280
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
L26B
ND
1,522
119
47
464
ND
NO
ND
ND
64
ND
21
ND
1.796
421
120
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
L29
200
ND
74
17
258
ND
ND
ND
ND
NU
ND
NO
ND
271
129
160
NU
ND
ND
10
ND
ua
ND
5,024
1,017
250
2.129
ND
ND
ND
ND
211
511
117
ND
1.040
1.765
680
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
L30
167
102
192
18
477
ND
ND
NO
ND
ND
ND
NU
ND
1,126
129
160
ND
X
ND
NU
71
Downwind of several petroleum facilities.
Source: E. D. Pellizzari, "Identification and Analysis of Ambient Air Pollutants Using the Combined
Techniques of Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry", EPA Contract No. 68-02-2262,
Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 3, June 1 - August 31, 1977.
-------
Table A-76. MINIMUM TOTAL HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON VAPOR IN
AMBIENT AIR OF BATON ROUGE, LA
Location
LI 7
L18
L19
L20A
L21
L22
L20B
L23
L24
Source: E.
, 3
ng/m
10,976
10,326
2,349
762
7,164
558
2,132
3,930
3,083
D. Pellizzari, "
Location
L25A
L26A
L27
L28
L25B
L26B
L29
LE
L30
Identification and Analysis
ng/ni
11,797
1,925
1,456
6,517
9,407
2,559
709
10,003
1,387
">f Ambient Air
Pollutants Using the Combined Techniques of Gas Chromatography
and Mass Spectrometry", EPA Contract No. 68-02-2262,
Quarterly Technical Progress Report No. 3, June 1 - August 31,
1977.
260
-------
'Table A-7?. AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR VAPOR-PHASE ORGANICS
IN BATON ROUGE, LA3
Sampling Site Code
3069
3069
3069
3069
3069
BA-1
BA-2
BA-3
BA-4
Bb
Date
5/12-14/77
5/14-16/77
5/16-18/77
5/18-20/77
-
Period3
1935-1430 hrs
1515-1530 hrs
1535-1400 hrs
1400-0900 hrs
-
Volume Sampled
(I)
98.7
116.6
115.4
104.5
-
Ambient Temp. (°C)
26.0 -t- 28.2
29.3 -*• 28.2
28.5 -*• 27.6
28.7 -* 24.5
-
-^ 27.6
+ 24.7
•*• 28.4
+ 25.5
Uuplicate samples were taken in all cases, see reference A-5.
b
Four blanks were Included.
-------
Table A-78. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR
FROM BATON ROUGE, LA3
K)
Chemical
methylene chloride
chloroform
carbon tetrachlorlde
vinyl chloride
1,2-dichloroethylene
1,1-dichloroe thane
1,2-dichloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroe thane
1,1,2-trichloroethane
trichloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
1,1,1- 2-tetrachloroethane
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
pentachlt, roethane
hexathloro3 thane
chlorobenzene
o-dichlorobenzene
m-dichlorobenzene
ji-dlchlorobenzene
BA-1
1229 4 229
1444 + 277
187 4 62
<15000
<454
<380
<348
500 4; 83
<294
T(132)
T(59)
<51
<51
<42
<42
T(153)
T(84)
T(102)
<76
BA-2
1449 + 337
1700 4 233
T(142)
<16670
<526 '
<444
<424
2250 4 1750
<334
T(172)
; T(60)
<52
<52
<42
<42
T(128)
T(85)
T(85)
<77
(continued)
Sample Codeb
BA-3
1900 4 900
1417 4 750
T(125)
<15000
<454
<380
<348
T(416)
<294
T(132)
T(60)
<52
<52
<42
<42
<130
T(87)
T(87)
<78
BA-4
1000
1389
T(125)
<15000
<454
<380
<348
T(416)
<294
<132
<67
<58
<58
<48
<48
<142
<95
<95
<85
B
<5
<3
<2
<15
<10
<8
<8
T(5)
<5
<5
<7
<6
<6
<5
<5
<15
<10
<10
<9
-------
CTv
(-0
Table A-78 (cont'd.)
Sample Code
Chemical BA-1
1,2,4-trichlorobenzene <51
1,3,5-trichlorobenzene <42
1,2,3-trlchlorobenzene <51
vinylidlne chloride <454
BA-2
<52
<42
<52
<526
BA-3
<52
<42
<52
<454
BA-4
<58
<48
<58
<454
B
<6
<5
<6
<10
a
See Table A-78 for sampling protocol.
bValues In ng/m3, T - trace, ( ) and < indicate limits of detection. Duplicate analyses.
-------
Table A-79- AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR HOUSTON, TX AND VICINITY
Site
Houston, TX
Houston, TX
Houston, TX
Pasadena, TX
Pasadena, TX
Pasadena, TX
Deer Park, TX
Deer Park, TX
Deer Park, TX
Deer Park, TX
Deer Park, TX
Sampling Location
Milby Park (HL1)
Off Goodyear Rd. ,
on unpaved St. (HL2)
Steelman Ave. & El
Buey Way (HL3)
Between Industrial Site
and Ship Channel (HL3)
Tenneco Property
(PL2)
Tenneco Property
(PL3)
Shell Property
(DSL1)
Shell Property
(DFL2)
Diamond Shamrock
Property (DDL1)
Off Tidal Road
(DILI)
Off Tidal Road
(DTL2)
Sampling Time Volume Sampled
(min) (£) Remarks
1670-1750
1510-1515
1620-1750
1430-1600
1430-1600
1430-1600
1100-1200
1100-1200
1455-1555
1020-1035
1115-1215
188
37
229
185
237
191
122
136
137
113
147
7/27/76
60% RH
7/27/76
60% RH
7/27/76
60% RH
7/28/76
65% RH
7/28/76
65% RH
7/28/76
65% RH
7/29/76
66% RH
7/29/76
66% RH
7/29/76
54% RH
7/30/76
50% RH
7/30/76
607. RH
93°F
160°/3 mph
93°F
160°/3 mph
93°F
160°/3 mph
89°F
160V5-10 mph
89°F
160°/5-10 mph
89°F
160°/5-10 mph
87°F
180°/4-9 mph
87°F
180°/4-9 mph
94°F
130°/4-7 mph
90°F
210°/6 mph
90°F
20O°/6-8 mph
-------
Table A-79 (cont'd.)
Site
Deer Park, TX
Deer Park, TX
Freeport, TX
Freeport, TX
Freeport, TX
La Porte, TX
La Porte, TX
La Porte, TX
Sampling Time Volume Sampled
Sampling Location (min) (i) Remarks
Off Tidal Road 1455-1555
(DTL3)
Off Tidal Road 1115-1215
(DTL4)
On Dow Chem. Property 1342-1543
(FL1)
On Dow Chem. Property 1348-1555
(FL2)
On Dow Chem. Property 1425-1508
(FL3)
On E. I. DuPont 1645-1833
de Nemours & Co.
Property (LL1)
On E. I. DuPont 1641-1824
de Nemours & Co.
Property (LL2)
On E. I. DuPont 1114-1252
de Nemours & Co.
Property (LL3)
162 7/29/76
66% RH
165 7/30/76
60% RH
116 8/9/76
65% RH
85 8/9/76
65% RH
79 8/9/76
65% RH
110 8/12/76
62% RH
82 8/12/76
62% RH
87 8/13/76
53% RH
87°F
180°/A-9 mph
90°F
200° /6-8 mph
90°F
145°/5-10 mph
90°F
145°/5-10 mph
90°F
145°/5-10 mph
90°F
130-150°/2-6 mph
90°F
130-150°/2-6 mph
92°F
240°/0-,4 mph
-------
Table A-80. AMBIENT AIR LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS IN HOUSTON, PASADENA,
DEER PARK, FREEPORT AND LA PORTE, TX AREAS
Cowpound
2-ehloro-l, 3-butadlene
(chloroprene)
dlchloropropene isomer
(tent.)
chloroform
vlnylldlne chloride
1, 1-dlchloroethane
1,2-dlchloroe thane
dibromoethane
1,1,1-trlchloroe thane
carbon tetrachlorlde
dlchloropropane Isomer
trlchloroethylene
dlchlorobutane Isomer
dlchlorobutene Isomer
1, ! , 2-trlchloroethane
tetrachloroethylene
dlchlorobutane Isomer
dlchloropropene Isomer(s)
1,1,1, 2- tetrachloroe thane
bls-(2-chlorolsopropy l)-
ether
hexachloro-l,3-butadltne
1 , 2-d tbromopropane
1,1,2, 2- let rachloroe thane
1,2, 3-trtchloropropane
pen tachloroe thane
jerchloroethane
IIU
4.0003
11,539
-
-
T
-
522
238
-
75
-
262
-
29
52
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
l!U
266
-
-
-
-
-
-
114
-
-
700
-
-
T
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
I1L3
11,538
-
-
-
-
900
T
-
39
-
-
-
21
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
PL1
T
-
-
-
158
-
T
-
76
-
-
-
20
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
TL2
T
-
_
158
-
T
146
-
5,071
-
-
-
18
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
DSL1
53,846
-
555
66,300
-
-
846
T
321
-
-
6,700
-
-
180
90
90
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
DSL2
6,420
-
-
-
-
144
T
. -
-
-
-
-
T
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
DDU
7,692
-
-
6,722
-
-
T
-
2,535
-
-
-
2,019
-
-
-
_
334
-
-
-
-
-
DTL1
1,923
-
-
T
-
-
T
-
-
-
-
-
75
-
T.T
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
DTL2
8,846
-
_
4,055
-
1,000
T
2,586
-
-
T
3,334
68
-
241
1,293
72
1,293
345
-
_
2,066
-
19
-
-
-
DTLJ
T
-
_
T
-
400
276
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
_
-
-
-
-
-
-
DTt4
15,384
-
-
T
-
400
69
-
-
-
-
-
72
-
T
-
_
25
-
-
-
-
-
FL2
280
-
-
3,300
-
16.600
11,538
69
107
-
-
.. -
94
-
' -
-
27
13.3
-
-
-
-
-
FL3
T
531
-
4,500
T
15,200
T
1,478
200
-
-
3,821
1,585
-
-
21
333
8.3
T
33
298
3,984
2,903
III
8,461
-
-
778
-
3,889
T
-
-
-
-
-
17
-
-
-
—
-
-
-
-
-
- '
LL2
8,850
-
_
-
-
27.700
1.230
-
43
-
-
-
83
-
-
-
_
T
-
-
-
-
-
LL3
7,692
-
-
-
-
T
T
T
T
-
-
-
T
-
-
-
T
T
-
-
-
-
-
(continued)
-------
Table A-80 (cont'd.)
Chemical Glaus
tct r.ichlorobutadlcne Isomcr
pcru nclilorobu tail lone
Isomcr (s)
vinyl chloride
trlchloropropcne
Isonicr(s)
IIL1
.
-
IIL2
-
IIL3
.
-
I'l.l
„
-
Pl,2
.
-
USL1
_
-
DSL2
.
T
DDI.l
_
67
T
DTLI
.
-
DTL2
T
T
JOO
-
T T
DTL'J
.
-
DTLA
^
-
ri.2
_
-
FU3
—
-
LL1
_
-
LL2
_
-
IL3
.
-
^1
alues are in ng/m ; H - Houston, P » Pasadena, D » Deer Park, F = Freeport, L - LaPorte, see reference A-4.
K)
CTi
-------
Table A-81. ESTIMATED MINIMUM TOTAL AMBIENT AIR LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE ORGANIC
CHEMICAL CLASSES IN HOUSTON AND VICINITIES3
Chemical C!«s«
Itatogenatcd hydrocarbons
Oxyponatcd Compounds
HL1
' 16,737
370
IIL2
1,100
1,966
IIL3
12.518
-
ru
294
20
PL2
5. '.33
-
DSL1
128,918
134
DSI.2
6,604
60
I)DL1
19.409
6.947
nn.i
2.07B
3.714
OTL2
25.39fl
120
DTL3
716
60
DTLA
15.990
1,020
FL2
32,028
2,726
FLJ
40,026
2,596
I.LI
13,16}
4,601
LL2
37.926
9,63'.
I.LJ
7,832
l>,253
See reference A-4, Values in ng/m ,
C»
-------
Sampling Site Code
Date
Period
Volume Sampled
00
Ambient Temp.
3079
3079
3079
3079
3079
3079
HO-1
HO- 2
HO- 3
HO- 4
HO- 5
R6
195/77-197/77
202/77-204/77
204/77-206/77
206/77-208/77
208/77-210/77
1730-930 hrs
1000-900 hrs
1030-0915 hrs
0915-0945 hrs
1000-1015 hrs
113.4
113.1
112.2
120.2
115.2C
M
0\
VO
blanks were Included.
Computer down, flow rates were approxlmated
22.4 -*• 22.3 -•• 22.4
16.9 -*• 16.5 -* 17.5
17.5 -> 17.9 -* 18.3
18.3 + 19.2 + 28.2
28.3 -* 28.1 -> 28.6
-------
Table A-83. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR
FROM HOUSTON, TX&
N>
Sample Code
Chemical
methylene chloride
chloroform
carbon tetrachlorlde
vinyl chloride
1, 2-dichloroethylene
1,1-dlchloroe thane
1, 2-dlchloroethane
1,1,1-trichloroe thane
1,1,2-trlchloroethane
trlchloroethylene
tetrachloroethylene
1,1,1,2 -tetrachloroethane
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane
pentachloro: thane
hexachloroethpne
chlorobenzene
o-dlchlorobenzene
m-dlchlorobenzene
jj-dlchlorobenzene
HO-1
T(714)
541 ± 166
T(92)
<12000
<334
<285
123 ± 10
367 ± 33
<250
T(100)
T(62)
<53
<53
<43
<43
<133
<88
<88
<80
HO- 2
4555 + 1555
2282 + 162
T(87)
<10,000
<3i2 ;
<258
157 ± 36
235 + 59
<227
T(100)
57 + 4
<53
<53
<43
<43
T(132)
T(88)
T(88)
<80
(continued)
HO- 3
1222 + 111
519 + 58
T(87)
<10,000
<312
<267
242 ± 0
T(470)
<227
130 + 10
T(44)
<53
<53
<43
<43
T(132)
<88
T(88)
<80
HO- 4
2642 + 1214
896 + 396
T(95)
<12000
<334
<285
242 + 16
T(334)
<250
T(100)
<150
<50
<50
<40
<40
125 + 0
T(83)
T(83)
<75
HO- 5
2250 + 750
795 + 147
T(133)
<16667
<476
<296
345 + 63
T(454)
<312
T(135)
130 ± 26
<52
<52
<43
<43
52
T(86)
T(87)
<78
BC
<5
<3
<2
<15
<10
<8
<8
<5
<5
<5
<7
<6
<6
<5
<5
<15
<10
<10
<9
-------
Table A-83 (ccmt'd.)
Sample Code
Chemical
1,2, A- trlchlorobenzene
1, 3,5-trichlorobenzene
1,2,3- tr Ichlorobenzene
vlnylldine chloride
HO-1
<53
-------
Table A-84. AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING PROTOCOL FOR VOLATILE ORGANICS IN HOUSTON, TXC
N>
-~J
K)
Slnpling Slt«
TOUR Air Control
Moufflon Air Pollution Control
TCK** Air Control
Hounton Air Pollution Control
T«»* Air Control
Hou*ton Air Pollution Control
Houston Air Pollution Control
Loot Ion
Aldln* (M.1I St.)
Clunton Dr.
Aldlnc (Hall It.)
Ctsvlofi it Polk
Aldlne (H«ll Rt.)
Crnrford «t Polk
Clanton Dr.
Cod*
TCI
IIC2
TC2
IIC3
TCJ
HC4
HCS
Dat*
6/22/77
7/19/77
7/20/77
10/19/77
10/20/77
10/21/77
10/21/77
Parlod Voli
0} .3-m) hr*
0(30-09)0 hr«
0(10-0910 hr*
06 1 5-09 H hr*
1207-1510 hr*
1546-I85J hn
0607-0907 hr*
IH SanpUd (I)
90. J
63.1
57.3
1IJ.4
89.1
66.8
108.*
A»b««nt Trap. (*T)
90
80
80
(8
7t
70
72
See reference A-6
-------
Table A-85. ESTIMATED LEVELS OF VAPOR-PHASE HALOGENATED ORGANICS IN AMBIENT AIR
FROM HOUSTON, TX
Sample Code"
Chemical
•ethylene chloride
chlorofora
carbon t etrachlorlde
vinyl chloride
1, 2-dlch loroe thylene
1 , 1-dlchloroethane
1, 2-dlch loroe thane
1,1, 1-t rich loroe thane
t rich loroe thylene
let rachloroe thylene
I J 1,1,1, 2- tetrach loroe thane
w 1, 1, 2, 2- tetrach loroe thane
pent a ch loroe thane
hex achloroe thane
chlorobeniene
o-dlchlorobenzene
m-dlchlorobenzene
£-dlchlorobenrene
1,2, 4- trichlorobenzene
1,3, 5- trichlorobenzene
1.2, 3- trichlorobenzene
vlnytlileue chloride
1 , 1 ,2- tr tch loroe thane
TCI
4375 + 3125
3884 ± 2884
T(154)
<18750
<555
<471
T(444)
T(555)
<179
T<55)
<67
<67
<55
<55
<167
<110
T(110)
<99
<67
<55
<67
<555
<357
IIC1
2736 + 1014
2064 + 397
217 + 63
<18750
4525 + 1747
<471
O48
708 + 41
T(179(
69+8
<75
<75
<62
<62
<187
<125
T<127)
<112
<75
<62
<75
<555
057
IIC2
1100 ± 100
292 + 125
T(125)
< 15000
T(454)
<381
T(348)
533 + 116
T(132)
T(79)
<95
<95
<69
<79
T(283)
<159
T(159)
<143
<95
<79
<95
<454
<294
TC2
1000 + 0
400 + 25
T(125)
<15000
<454
<38l
<348
995 ± 5
158 + 26
<123
<105
<105
<8fl
<88
<263
<175
T(175)
<158
<123
-------
Figure A-35. Sampling locations for Deer Park and Pasadena, TX sites.
274
-------
CO
-J
Ln
N
1
Figure A-36. Sampling locations in Freeport, XX (Dow 'A').
-------
SAN JACINTO BAY
Figure A-37. Sampling site and locations in La Porte, TX (E. I. DuPont deNemours & Co.).
-------
References
A-l E. D. Pellizzari. "Improvement of Methodologies for the Collection and
Analysis of Carcinogenic Vapors", EPA Contract No. 68-02-2764, Annual
Report, submitted.
A-2 E. D. Pellizzari. "The Measurement of Carcinogenic Vapors in Ambient
Atmospheres", EPA-600/7-77-055, June 1977, 288 pp.
A-3 E. D. Pellizzari. "Measurement of Carcinogenic Vapors in Ambient
Atmospheres", EPA-600/7-78-062, April 1978, 273 pp.
A-4 E. D. Pellizzari. "Analysis of Organic Air Pollutants by Gas Chroma-
tography and Mass Spectroscopy", EPA Contract No. 68-02-2262, Final
Report, submitted.
A-5 E. D. Pellizzari. "Provide Information on the Characteristics of Ambient
Organic Vapors in High Chemica-1 Production", EPA Contract No. 68-02-2721,
Final Report, in preparation.
A-6 Pellizzari, E. D. "Quantification of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Pre-
viously Collected Air Samples", EPA P.O. No. DA-8-1938J, Final Report,
submitted.
277
-------
APPENDIX B
Metabolism Summaries
278
-------
Table B-l. METABOLISM SUMMARIES FOR SOME HALOGENATED ORGANICS
TO BE MONITORED IN THIS STUDY
Source: R. Huffman, C. Latanich, T. Collins and J. Galdwell,
"Metabolism Summaries of Selected Halogenated Organic
Compounds in Human and Environmental Media, A
Literature Survey". EPA 560/6-79-008, June 1974.
279
-------
BENZYL BROMIDE
CH OH
benzyl Bromide
Benzyl alcohol
N>
00
O
Baaed on findings of Bray et al., (A-l)
mercapturic acid
ethereal sulphate
Breath
Parent compound: No data
Half-life of parent compound: No data
Metabolites: No data
Half-life of metabolite: No data
Metabolite conjugates:
mercapturic acid
ethereal sulphate
Urine
No data
No data
No data
No data
in
(24 nrs)
21
(24 hra)
Blood
No data
No data
No data
No data
Comments Ref.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg, via stomach tube A-l
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg, via stomach tube A-l
-------
BENZYL CHLORIDE (CHLOROTOLUENE)
to
OO
CH,C1
rS
U
benzyl chloride !
conjugation
with
gluts thlone
glutatl lonaae
_,. ' i
hydrolysis
S-aubstltuted cyatelne, acetylatlon
glyclne and glutamlc acid ^ mercapturlc
acid
Proposed pathway for the formation of mercapturlc acid Bray et al.( (B-2)
Breath Urine Blood Commenta
Parent compound:
Half-life of parent compound:
Metabolites:
benzoic or phenyl-
acetic acida (unconjugated)
Metabolite conjugates:
mercapturlc acid
No data
No data
No data
No data
17Z
(24 hra)
49Z
(36-671)
(24 hra)
II
No data
No data
guinea pig, rate and route
unepeci tied
Ref.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg, by stomach tube B-l
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg, by stomach tube B-l
B-2
27Z
rat, rate and route unspecified 11-2
-------
Benzyl chloride (Chloroto!uene)(continued)
Breath Urine
Blood
CommenCa
Ref.
Metabolite conjugates! (cont.)
glycine conjugate
(benzoic or phenylacetic)
glucosiduronic acid
(mainly phenols)
20%
(12-16)
(24 hrs)
0.4Z
(0-5)
24 hrs
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg, by stomach tube B-l
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg, by stomach tube B-l
oo
-------
BROMOBENZENE
Proposed!metabolic pathway (Jollou et al,, 1974, Pharaacql. Ill 151-169)
(a)
(c)
DO
CO
Epoxide aynthetase
(Hicroaomes)
NADPH + 0,
Rearrangement
nonenaymatlc
(d)
Br
Br
Covalently
bound to •
macromoleculea
Oil H
(h)
(a) Brooiobenzene
(b) Bronobenzene epoxlde
(c) p-Bromophenol
(d) 3,4-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-4-
(. S-glutathionyl bromobenzene
(e) 3,4-Dihydro-3,4-dlhydroxy-
broroobenzene
(f) 3,4-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-4-S-
acetyl cyateinyl bromobenzene
(g) 3,4-Dihydro-3-hydroxy-4-S-
cysteinyl bromobenzene
(h) 3,4-Dlhydroxy bromobenzene
-------
Bromobenzene (continued)
CO
Breath
Parent compound: 6Z
(1-2 days)
6.3Z
Half-life of parent compounds Ho data
Metabolic half-life:
9.8 rain., whole body
horaogenate
9.3 rain, , plasma
9.5 min., liver
Metabolites:
mono phenols
(uncharacteri zed)
4-bromophenol
(a)figur*- shown is percent yield
of met'Holite obtained by ex-
traction and purification of
the ether extracts of
hydrolyzed rabbit urine
3-bromophenol
Urine Blood
No data No data
2-3Z
(1-2 days)
40Z
(48 hrs)
37%
(48 hra)
18Z
(48 hra)
1.2Z (a)
(10 days)
l.OX (a)
(10 days)
Comments
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, oral dose
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, stomach tube
rat, 10 umol^C— broraobenzene , i.v.
rat, 10 umol *^C-broroobenzene, i .v.
rat, 10 umol "^C-bromobenzene , i.v.
rat, 10 umol *^C-bromobenzene, i.v.
rabbit,. 0.5 g/kg, oral dose
rat, dosage not stated, i .p.
injection
rat, 10.0 mmol/kg, i.p. injection
rat, 0.05 mmol/kg, i.v. injection
rabbit, 50 mg/kg, i.p. injection
rabbit, 50 mg/kg, i.p. injection
Ref.
C-l
C-2
C-6
C-6
C-6
C-6
C-l
C-7
C-6
C-6
C-5
C-5
-------
Bromobenzene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Her.
00
Ln
Metabolites (cont.)
2-broniophenol
bromopheny1di hydrodiol
3-4-bromophenyldihydrodiol
2-3-bromophenyldihydrodiol
broinocatechols
(unchaiacterized)
4X
(48 hrs)
(48 hrs)
31
(48 hrs)
4Z
(48 hrs)
42
(48 hrs)
3X
(48 hrs)
trace
(48 hrs)
28 X
(1-2 days)
6X
(48 hrs)
4X
(48 hrs)
rat, dosage not stated, i.p. C-7
injection
rat, 0.05 Hanoi/kg, i.v. injection C-6
rat, 10.0 nmol/kg, i.p. injection C-6
rat, 10.0 maol/kg, i.p. injection C-6
rat, 0.05 mool/kg, i.v. injection C-6
rat, dosage not stated, i.p.
injection
rat, dosage not stated, i.p.
injection
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, oral dose
C-7
C-7
C-l
rat, 10.0 nmol/kg, i.p. injection C-6
rat, 0.05 mmol/kg, i.v. injection C-6
-------
Bromobenzene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
3 , 4-bromoca techo 1
2,3-bromocatechol
Metabolite conjugates:
total o-conjugates
total conjugates
glucuronide
ethereal sulphate
CO mercapturic acid
cr\
bromophenylmercapturic acid
4Z
(48 hrs)
trace
(48 hra)
58Z
(1-2 days)
97. 9Z
40. 2Z
36. 8X
20. 9Z
25Z
(1-2 days)
70Z
(48 hrs)
48Z
(48 hra)
rat, dosage not stated, i.p.
injection
rat, dosage not stated, i.p.
injection
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, oral dose
rabbit, 210 mg/kg, via stomach tube
rabbit, 210 mg/kg, via stomach tube
rabbit, 210 mg/kg, via stomach tube
rabbit, 210 mg/kg, via stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, oral dose
rat, 0.05 mmol/kg, i.v. injection
rat, 10.0 mmol/kg, i.v. injection
C-7
C-7
C-l
C-3
C-3
C-3
C-3
C-l
C-6
C-6
22Z
rabbit, 0.5 rag/kg, via stomach tube C-4
-------
BROMOFCMH
Ho data were available regarding bromoform metabolites in breath, urine or blood. The following metabolic scheme
represents the reduction of bromoform to carbon monoxide, based on in vi tro studies (D-l).
P-450 mixed function
Br oxldaae
I x v
Br - C - Br } }
II carbon monoxide
bromoform
-------
3-BROMOPROPYLBENZENE
3-bromopropylbenzene
phenolic
intermediates
(3-broraopropyl)
phenol probably
being the major
intermediate
ethereal sulphate
-\ ether soluble acid
glucoslduronlc acid
mercapturlc acid
glyclne conjugates
N>
Co
Co
Baaed on findings reported by Bray et al., (E-l)
Parent compound!
Half-life of parent compound;
Breath
Ho data
No data
Urine
No data
No data
Blood Comments Ref.
No data
No data
'Metaboli tes«
total urinary metabolites
89Z
rabbit, 0.25 g/kg, via stomach tube E-l
-------
3-Bromopropylbenzene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
N>
CD
Metabolite conjugate*!
ethereal sulphate
ether soluble acid
(primarily glucoaiduronic acidj
alao uercapturic acid and glycine
conjugatea)
phenaceturic acid
N-acetyl-S-O-phenyl
propyl)-L-cyateine
phenolica
(uncharacterized)
201
69Z
unspecified
amount
unspecified
amount
unspecified
amount
rabbit, 0.25 g/kg, via stomach tube E-l
rabbit, 0.25 g/kg, via stomach tube E-l
rabbit, 0.25 g/kg, via stomach tube E-l
rabbit, 0.25 g/kg, via stomach tube E-l
rabbit, 0.25 g/kg, via stomach tube E-l
-------
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
Cl
Cl
1
- C - Cl
1
Cl
dehalogenatlon
\ \ \
f S S
Cl
1
Cl - C+
1
Cl
/
J\
carbon tetrachlorlde
CHC1.
chloroform
- cci
carbon
dioxide
hexachloroethane
Based on findings of Paul and Rubinsteins, (F-2)
ho
VJ3
O
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound:
33Z
(1 hr)
40Z
(1800 hrs)
85Z
(18 hrs)
19.2 ug total
(day 1)
5.9 ug total
(day 2)
human, 80 ppm '^carbon tetra- F-3
chloride, single breath inhalation
monkey, 46 ppm ^carbon tetra- F-4
chloride, inhalation for 344 minutes
rat, 1.0 ml ^carbon tetra- F-2
chloride /kg, intraduodenal
sheep, 0.1 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
sheep, 0.1 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
-------
Carbon tetraclilor i de (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
Parent compound (cont.)
4.6 ug total
(day 3)
trace-1.3 ug
(day 4-7)
1.2 ug total
(day 1)
1.0 ug total
(day 2)
0.7 ug total
(day 3)
trace-0.7 ug
(day 4-7)
trace (at end
of exposure)
0.2 mg/100 ml
blood (at end
of exposure)
0.6 rag/100 ml
blood (at end
of exposure)
0.4 rag/100 ml
blood (at end
of exposure)
sheep, 0.1 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
sheep, 0.1 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
sheep, 0.12 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
sheep, 0.12 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
sheep, 0.12 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
sheep, 0.12 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
rabbit, 110 ppm, inhalation, 4 lira F-7
rabbit, 225 ppm, inhalation, 4 hra F-7
rabbit, 345 ppm, inhalation, 4 hra F-7
rabbit, 600 ppm, inhalation, 4 hra F-7
Half-life of parent compound: No data
No data
No data
-------
Carbon tetrachloride (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
N>
VD
N>
Metaboli tea!
'^C-carbon dioxide
chloroform
m
(1800 hrs)
1Z
(18 hrs)
3.7 ug total
(day 1)
2.0 ug total
(day 2)
1.8 ug total
(day 3)
trace-0.8 ug
(day 4-7)
6.6 ug total
(day 1)
1.0 ug total
(day 2)
0.7 ug total
(day 3)
traee-0.7 ug
total (day 4-7)
monkey, 46 ppra '^carbon tetrachloride,
inhalation, 344 minutes F-4
rat, 1.0 ml ^carbon tetra-
chloride/kg, intraduodenal F-2
sheep, 0.1 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
aheep, 0.1 Tig/kg, intra-rurainal F-6
sheep, 0.1 mg/kg, intra-rurainal F-6
aheep, 0.1 mg/kg, intra-rurainal F-6
sheep, 0.12 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
sheep, 0.12 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
sheep, 0.12 rag/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
sheep, 0.12 mg/kg, intra-ruminal F-6
-------
Cdrbcm tetrachlor-i de (continued)
Breath Urine Blood Comments Ret.
Metabolite conjugates: No data No data No data
-------
o-CHLOROBENZALDEHYDE
CHO
°-chlorobenzaldehyde
Parent Compound:
Half-life of parent compound,
Metabolites:
Metabolite conjugateej
No data
No data
Ho data
No data
Blood
No data
15 seconds
70 seconds
15 seconds
No data
No data
Ref.
'"-••*•"-'. in vi^ro blood tests G-,
Cat»2'65«H. I. vitro blood test. c-,
"fc. 2-65 UM> in vitro blood test. G.,
-------
CHLOROBENZENE
Ln
Cl
chlorobenzene
Cl
+proteln(SH)?> -2H
or + proteins,.
—s.
Cl
^x
—y
Cl
-protein(SH)-
SC1J?CH(NH2)COOH
acetylatlon
SCH2CII(MIlAc)COOH
Cl
-H20
Cl
11011
OH
p-chlorophenol
-211
HOH
3,4-dihydro-3,4-dlhydroxy-
chlorobenzene
OH
I
OH
4-chlorocatechol
Proposed by Smith et al., 1950 (H-2)
-------
Chlorobenzene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
N>
Parent compound;
Half-life of parent compounds
Metabolites;
^C-acti vi ty
total urinary metabolitea
glucuronide
(a) expressed as percentage
of urinary *^C-activity
(19.61 of total 14C-
chlorobenzene doae)
ethereal sulphate
raercapturic acid
p-chlorophenyImercapturi c
acid
No data
No data
19.6Z
72.2Z
25.2*
33.57Z(a)
26.61
33.88Z(a)
20.4Z
23.80X(a)
28Z
27Z
major
metaboli te
(2 days)
No data
rabbit, 0,5 g/kg, oral H-3
rabbit, 0.5 g ^C-chlorobenzene, H-5
orally, twice daily for 4 days
rabbit, 150 mg/kg, via stomach tube II-1
rabbit, 150 mg/kg, via stomach tube H-l
rabbit, 0.5 g *^C~chlorobenzene,
orally twice daily for 4 days
rabbit, 0.5 g ^C-chlorobenzene,
orally, twice daily for 4 days
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, oral
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, oral
rabbit, 10 or 12 g total dose, via
stomach tube
11-5
rabbit, 150 mg/kg, via stomach tube H-l
rabbit, 0.5 g '^C-chlorobenzene, H-5
orally, twice daily for 4 days
rabbit, 150 mg/kg, via stomach tube H-l
H-5
H-3
11-4
H-2
catechols
27%
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, oral
H-4
-------
Chlorobenzene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
catechol derivatives
(uncharacteri red)
4-chlorocatechol
(ethereal aulphate
and glucuronide conjugates)
mono phenol s
(uncharacteri zed)
p-chl or o phenol
o-chlorophenol
p-chlorophenol and
p-chl orophenol glucuronide
di phenol a
3,4-dihydro-3,4-
dihychoxy chlorobenzene
37X
major
metabolite
(2 days)
2.84X(a)
2-3X
trace
0.5X
(2 daya)
4.l7X(a)
0.57I(a)
0.03X
(2 daya)
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, oral
rabbit, 10 or 12 g total doae,
via stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g "C-chlorobenzene,
orally, twice daily for 4 days
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, oral
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, oral
rabbit, 10 or 12 g total doae, via
stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g '^C-chlorobenzene ,
orally, twice daily for 4 days
rabbit, 0.5 g l^C-chlorobenzene ,
orally, twice daily for 4 daya
rabbit, 10 or 12 g total doae, via
stomach tube
H-3
H-2
H-5
H-3
11-3
H-2
H-5
H-5
H-2
-------
CHLOROFORM
CHC1,
chloroform
mlcrosomes
X
f
NADPH, 0-
Cl
1
Cl-C-Oil
1
Cl
-HC1
^ 0
/
/ «u«
SC1
- 2HC1
trichloromethanol
Proposed metabolism,
Mwisuy et al., 1977
Blochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 79(2)S513-517.
phosgene
COOH
4-carboxy-thlazolldine-2-one.
carbon
dioxide
covalent binding
to nucleophillc
groups of tissue
macromolecules
Breath
Urine
BIc d
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound:
17.8-66.6t
(8 hrs)
human, 4 males, 500 mg, oral
1-3
-------
Chloroform (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound (cont.)
(a) chloroform combined with
toluene-soluble metabolites
Half- life of parent compound:
Metabolites:
carbon dioxide
25. 6-40. 41 '
(8 hrs)
10Z
161
20Z
20JI(a)
(24 hrs)
61
No data No data No data
50. 6X
(B hra)
48.51
(8 hrs)
182
(24 lira)
human, 4 females, 500 mg, oral
human, 5 rag single breath
inhalation
monkey, 60 mg/kg, oral dose
daily for 5 days
rat, 60 mg/kg, oral dose
daily for 5 days
rat, 60 mg/kg, oral
mouse, 60 ing/ kg, oral dose,
daily for 5 days
human, 4 ma lea, 500 mg, oral
human, 4 females, 500 mg, oral
monkey, 60 mg/kg, oral
1-3
1-4
1-2
1-2
1-1
1-2
1-3
1-3
1-1
monkey, 60 mg/kg, oral dose, daily 1-2
for 5 daya
Metabolite conjugates!
No data
No data
No data
-------
Chloroform (continued)
Metabolites (coot.)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
bicarbonate/carbonate
compounds
66t
(24 hrs)
80Z
(24 lire)
13Z
(24 hrs)
rat, 60 mg/kg, oral dose, daily
for 5 days
mouse, 60 mg/kg, oral
mouse, 60 mg/kg, oral
1-1
1-1
o
o
-------
CHl.OKONAPIITHALENE
OJ
O
Baaed on findings of Ruzo et al. 1976. J. Agr Cliem and Food 24(3): 581-3.
fl
1-chloronaphthalene
4-chloro-l-naphthol I
Breath Urine Blood
2-chloronaphthalena
Comments
3-chloro-2-napthol
Kef.
Parent compound:
1-C1 naphthalene
5.1 ug/g after pig, 300 mg dose of 1-
J-2
10 min.
3.4 ug/g after
20 min.
1.8 ug/g after
40 min.
0.7 ug/g after
80 min.
0.9 ug/g after
120 coin.
0.3 ug/g after
160 rain.
0.3 ug/g after
200 min.
0.1 ug/g after
240 min.
chloronaphthalene, 7.5 kg
pig, retrocarotid administration
-------
Cbloronaphthalene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Kef.
Parent compound (cont.)
2-Cl naphthalene
U>
O
Hal.f-life of parent compound;
Metabolites!
4->"U naphthol
No data
No data
6.2 ug/g after
10 min.
3.8 ug/g after
20 min.
1.9 ug/g after
40 min.
1.0 ug/g after
80 min.
1.0 ug/g after
120 min.
0.6 ug/g after
160 min.
0.2 ug/g after
200 min.
0.2 ug/g after
240 min.
0.1 ug/g after
260 min.
No data
400 ug/g
(6 hrs after
administration)
pig, 300 mg dose of 2-
chloronaphthalene, 7.5 kg pig,
retrocarotial administration
J-2
Yorkshire pig, 300 mg of 1-C1
naphthalene isomer, 7.5 kg pig,
retrocarotid administration
J-2
-------
Chloronaphthalene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
4-C1 naplithol
0.1 ug/g after
160 min.
0.6 ug/g after
200 rain.
0.8 ug/g after
240 min.
1.0 ug/g after
260 min.
1.3 ug/g after
300 min.
free phenolic compounds
3-Cl-2-naphthal
21
(4 days)
60 ug/g
(6 hra after
administration)
0.2 ug/g after
200 min.
0.5 ug/g after
240 rain.
0.8 ug/g after
260 min.
1.0 ug/g after
300 min.
Yorkshire pig, 300 mg of 1-C1
naphthalene isomer, 7.5 kg pig,
retrocarotid administration
(J-2)
male albino rabbit, 1 g per rabbit,
by stomach tube
Yorkshire pig, 300 mg of 2-C1
naphthalene isomer, 7.5 kg pig,
retrocarotid administration
J-l
J-2
-------
Chloronaphthalene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
Metabolite conjugates of
l-chloronaphthlene!
ethereal aulfate
mercapturic acids
gIncuronic acid
10.U
(4 days)
13.1Z
(4 days)
53. n
(4 dayaj
aisle albino rabbits, 1 g/rabbit, j-1
by stomach tube. The rabbits weighed
approximately 2 kg. Expressed as
percentage of original dose
oo
o
-------
u>
o
Ln
CKLORONITROBENEENE
Cl
HO
4-chloro-3-nitrophenol
NO,
HO
3-chloro-A-nitrophenol
3-amino-4-chlorophenol
2
Cl
4-amino-3-chlorophenol
Proposed metabolism of o-chloronitrobenzene.
Bray et al.. 1956 (K-l)
\
3-chloro-2-nltrophenol 2-amlno-3-chlorophenol
NIL
Cl
Oil
Cl
OH
2-chloro-3-nitrophenol 3-araino-2-chlorophenol
-------
CHLORONITROBENZENE
Nil.
U)
o
Cl
pTchloroanlline
Cl
p-chloronltrobenzene
OH
Cl
2-amlno-5-chlorophenol
Proposed metabolism of p-chloronltrobenzene,
Bray et al., 1956 (K-l)
' 2-chloro-5-nltrophenol
-------
CIILORONITROBENZENE
OJ
o
2-chloro-4-ni trophenol
-amino-2-chloropheno1
m-chloronitrobenzene
Proposed metabolism of n-chloronltrobenzene,
Bray et al., 1956 (K-l)
m-chloroanlllne
2-amlno-4-chlorophenol
-------
Chloronitrobenzene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
o
Co
Parent compounds No data
Half-life of parent compounds No data
Metabolites of
o-chloronitro-
benzene isomerj
free chloroaniline
free phenolics
Metabolites of
m-chloronitrobenzene
isomer:
free chloroaniline
free phenol!en
Metabolites of
p-chloronitrobenzene
isoroer:
fr»e chloroaniline
free ohenolics
Not detected No data
Ho data No data
trace amounts
HZ
trace amounts
trace amounts
rabbit, 0.1 g/kg. Expressed as K-l
percent of dose.
rabbit, 0.1 g/kg. Expressed aa K-l
percent of dose.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expressed as K-l
percent of dose.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expressed as K-l
percent of dose.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expressed as K-l
percent of dose.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expressed as K-l
percent of dose.
-------
Chloronitrobencenfl (continued)
Breach
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref .
CO
O
Metabolite conjugates of
o-chloroni trobenzene
iaomert
ether glucuronide
ethereal eulphatea
(aminochlorophenola and
chloroni trophenola)
ni trophenylmercapturic
acid
Metabolite conjugates of
m-chloroni trobenzene
iaomer!
ether glucuronide
ethereal sulphates
(aminochlorophenola and
chloroni trophenola)
ni trophenylraercapturi c
acid
Metabolite conjugatea of
p-chloronitrobenzene
iaomer:
ether glucuronide
ethereal sulphate
(aminochlorophenols and
chloroni trophenola)
42Z
241
7Z
331
182
1Z
19Z
21Z
rabbit, 0.1 g/kg. Expressed as K-l
percent of doae.
rabbit, 0.1 g/kg. Expressed aa K-l
percent of doae.
rabbit, 0.1 g/kg. Expressed aa K-l
percent of dose.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expressed as K-l
percent of dose.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expressed aa K-l
percent of doae.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expressed aa K-l
percent of doae.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expressed as K-l
percent of dose.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expressed aa K-l
percent of doae.
-------
Chloronitrobenzene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolite conjugates of
p-chloronitrobenzene
isomer (cont.)
conjugated chloroaniline
ni trophenylraercapturic
acid (colorimetic
method)
ni trophenylmercapturic
acid (modified
Stekol method)
7X
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expreased as K-l
percent of doae.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expreased as K-I
percent of dose.
rabbit, 0.2 g/kg. Expressed as K-l
percent of doae.
-------
CIILOHOPRENE
Cl
hepatic mixed-function oxidasea
epoxldatlon
chloroprene
Based on findings of Bardodej. (L-l)
Parent compound;
Half-life of parent compound:
Metaboli tea:
Metabolite conjugates:
Breath
Ho data
No data
No data
No data
Urine
No data
No data
No data
No data
Blood Comment a Bef.
No data
No data
No data
No data
-------
CHLOROTOLUE.NE - SEE BENZYL CHLORIDE
CO
1-1
to
-------
DICHLOROBENZENE
CO
M
U>
Cl
H . OH
1,2-dihydro~4,5-dichlo'ro-
benzene-1,2-diol
o-dichlorobenzene
l,2-dihydro-3,4-dichloro-
benzene-1,2-dlol
3,4-d ichlorophenol
2,3-dlchlorophenol
'OH
Proposed metabolism of
o-d ichlorobenzene,
Parke and Williams, 1955
(M-3)
3,A-dichlorocatechol
-------
DICHLOROBENZENE
p-diclilprobenzene
HO
11,4-dlhydro-2,5-dichloro-
benkene-1,4-diol
possible direct
hydroxylation
Proposed metabolism of
p-dlchlorobenzene,
Parke and Willla(aa. 1955 (M-3)
C( Cl
Cl Cl
2,5-diclilorophenol 2,5-dlchloroqulnol
-------
DICHLOROBENZENE
U)
m-dtchlorobenzene
Proposed metabolism of
m-dichlorobenzene,
Parke and Wiailama, 1955 (M-3)
l,2-dihydro-3,5-dlcljloro-
benzene-1,2-diol
I possible direct I
Ihydroxylatlon I
OH
2,4-dlchlorophenol 3,5-dichloro- 3,5-dlchlorocatechol
phenol
-------
Dichlorobenzeue (continued)
CO
Breath Urine Blood c.nmmanta
Parent compound: So data Ho data No
Half-life of parent compound: Ho data Ho data Ho
Metabolites of
o-iBomer :
di ch lor oca t echo 1
catechols
qui note
monophenols
Metabolites of
ra-isomer j
catechols
quinols
monophenols
Metabolites of
p- isomer:
cateMiols
quinols
monophenols
7 o»
/ . OA
/ y
*»*
4Z
AT
(M
39Z
/ «r
4*
3Z
AT
UA
2sz ;
f\V
ox
OZ
z y
OA
1ST
J JA
data
data
rabbit
rabbit
rabbit
, 0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
, 0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
, 0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube
Ref.
M-l
M-2
M-3
M-3
M-3
M-2
M-3
M-3
M-3
M-2
M-3
M-3
M-3
-------
Dichlorobenxene (continued)
OJ
Metabolite conjugates of
p-iaomen
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolite conjugates of
o-iaomert
glucuronides
ethereal aulfatea
mercapturic acid
Metabolite conjugates of
m- is omen
glucuronides
ethereal aulfates
roercapturic acid
48Z
4BZ
21Z
21Z
5Z
5Z
31Z
- 36Z
11Z
7Z
9Z
11Z
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
g/kg,
g/kg,
8/k8,
g/kg,
g/kg,
g/kg,
g/kg,
g/kg,
g/kg,
g/kg,
g/kg,
g/kg,
via
via
via
vis
via
via
via
via
via
via
via
via
stomach
a tomach
stomach
stomach
stomach
stomach
stomach
stomach
stomach
stomach
stomach
stomach
tube
tube
tube
tube
tube
tube
tube
tube
tube
tube
tube
tube
M-2
M-3
M-2
M-3
M-2
M-3
M-2
M-3
M-2
M-3
M-2
M-3
glucuronides
37Z
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, via stomach tube M-2
-------
(.0
(-"
00
Dichlorobenzene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolite conjugates
of p-isomer (cont.)
(glucuroni des, cont.)
ethereal sulfate
mercapturic acid
36 Z
271
27X
01
OX
rabbi t ,
rabbi t ,
rabbit,
rabbit,
rabbit,
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
5
5
5
5
5
g/kg,
g/kg,
g/kg,
g/kg,
8/kg,
via
vi a
via
via
via
stomach
stomach
stomach
stomach
stomach
tube
tube
tube
tube
tube
M-3
M-2
M-3
M-2
M-3
-------
1,2-DlCIILOROETHANE
Proposed metabolic pathway of 1,2-dlchloroethane,
Vllner, 1979 (N-l)
CH2CI-CH2C1
CH2C1-CH2OH
1,2-dichloroethana chloroethanol
CH C1COOH :—»
chloroacetic acid
reaction with
glutathlone
3-carboxyaie thy leys teina
(free and conjugated)
thiodiacetic acid
S,S'-ethylene-bia-cyateine
S-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-cysteine
S-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-cyateina
mercapturic acid
OJ
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Half-life of parent compound:
lite
CO 2
Hetaboli teal
14
Ho data
12-15X
of dose
(3 days)
chloroacetic acid
(a) figure represents the
percentage of total radio-
activity in urine, rather
than percentage of dose.
Total 14-C urinary activity was
51-73Z of dose.
No data
Ho data
6-23X(a)
(3 days)
Ref.
Parent compounds
14C- 1 , 2-di cbloroe thane
10-421
of doae
(3 days)
mouse. 0.05, 0.10, 0.14 and 0.17
g/kg '''C-l^-dichloroethane,
i.p.
N-l
mouse. 0.05, 0.10, 0.14 and 0.17 N-l
g/kg ^C-l,2-dichloroethane,
i.p.
mouse. 0.05, 0.10, 0.14 and 0.17 H-l
g/kg '4C-l,2-dichloroethane,
i.p.
-------
1,2-DICHLOROETHANE (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
free S-carboxymethylcyateine
thiodi acetic acid
2-chloroethanol
Metabolite conjugates:
S-carboxymethylcysteine
Co S.S'-ethylene-bis-
^ cysteine
S- (beta-hydro xyethyj-
mercapturic acid
S-(beta-hydroxyethyI )
cysteine
i^C- activity
44-46Z(a)
(3 days)
33-34%(a)
(3 days)
O.O-O.BX(a)
(3 days)
0.5-5*(a)
(3 days)
0.7-1.0Z(a)
(3 daya)
major
metaboli te
trace amounts
51-73*
(total for
3 daya)
mouse. 0.05, 0.10, 0.14 and 0.17
g/kg ^C-l^-dichloroethane,
i.p.
mouse. 0.05, 0.10, 0.14 and 0.17
g/kg '''C-l^-dichloroethane,
i.p.
mouse. 0.05, 0.10, 0.14 and 0.17
g/kg l4c-l,2-dtchloroethane,
i.p.
mouse. 0.05, 0.10, 0.14 and 0.17
g/kg "0-1,2-dichloroethane,
i.p.
mouse. 0.05, 0.10, 0.14 and 0.17
g/kg *4Ol,2-dichloroethane,
i.p.
rat, 100 mg, stomach tube
.rat, 100 mg, stomach tube
mouse. 0.05, 0.10, 0.14 or 0.17
g/kg "C-l,2-dichtoroethane, i.p.
N-l
N-l
N-l
N-l
N-l
N-2
N-2
N-l
-------
1 , 1 -DICHLOROE-EHYLEME
(VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE)
H:C=CCI,
Co
M'Sr>CCI ~~~ C1C".CCI dCH.CO,H
! / I <»
/*C'M •C'M/ HOH.C-CO,H
(—C—CHCH.SCHrCft /—C—CHCH,SCH,Cq.H\
ON. 0 I I 0 N. I
» | ' J ^ " , «/
RC—aiCH,SCH:CR' HOiCCIICH,SCIIjrOlll
0 NH 0 NH,
Ac , . <0
It) I
I
|HO,CCHCH,SCH.CO,H
V 0
OH
I
I
HSCH.CO.H (h)
I
(SCH.CO.H), (J)
1
ico.m,
I
CO;
'
COiNH,),
•) 1,1- dichlorotthylene
b) chloroacetic «cid
c) 5-chlorocarbooyImethyIcysteinyl-
glutathione
d) S-carboxymethyIcyjtainylglucatluone
«) N-«cetyl-S-cy»teinyl acetvl derivativ*
f) S-carboxymethyIcysteine
g) thiodiglycollic acid
h) thioglycotlic acid
j) dithioglycollic acid
Metabolic pathway for vinylidene chloride in mammal*. From Hef. 0-3
-------
1,1-DICHLOROETHYLENE
CHLORIDE)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound:
unchanged 1,1-DCE
14C-activity
(a) total elimination;
primarily urinary
(b) primarily thiodigly-
colli" acid
28*
20*
(72 hrs)
0.9X
(72 lira)
61
97-99ZU)
(72 hrs post-
exposure)
92X(a)
(72 hrs post-
exposure)
96Z(a)
(72 hrs post-
exposure)
97-99X(a)
(72 hrs)
60-75X(a)
(72 hrs)
52Z(b)
(72 hrs)
36X(b)
(72 hrs)
rat, 50 mg (C)!, 1-DCE per kg,
oral
rat, 50 mg (C) 1,1-DCE per kg,
oral
rat, 0.5 mg (14C)l, 1-DCE per kg,
oral
mouse, 50 mg (C) 1,1-DCE per kg,
oral
rat, lOppm (''•C) 1,1-DCE,
inhalation, 6 hrs
fasted rat, 200ppm
inhalation, 6 hrs
fed rat, 200 ppm
inhalation, 6 lira
, 1-DCE,
rat, 1 mg ( CH, 1-DCE per kg,
oral dose
rat, 50 rag
oral dose
rat, 0.5 mg
oral dose
, 1-DCE per kg,
1-DCE per kg,
rat, 50 mg (14C)1, 1-DCE per kg,
oral dose
0-3
0-1
0-1
0-3
0-2
1,1-DCE, 0-2
0-2
0-2
0-2
0-1
0-1
-------
1,1 -DICHLOROETHYLBNE
(VIHYLIDENE CHLORIDE) (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Half-life of parent compound: No data No data
Metabolites)
14C02 23Z
(72 hrs)
6Z
(72 hra)
3Z
3.5Z
No data
rat, 0.5 mg (14C)1, 1-D6B per kg,
oral dose
rat, 50 mg ( MC)!, 1-DCB per kg,
oral dose
mouse, 50 mg (14Ol, 1-DCB per kg,
oral dose
rat, 50 mg ( 14C)1, 1-DCE per kg,
oral dose
0-1
0-1
0-3
0-3
Metabolite conjugates]
chloroacetic acid
IX
rat, 50 mg (14C)1,1-DCE per kg,
oral dose
0-3
CO
M
CO
dithioglycollic acid
N-acety1-8-(2-carboxy-
methyl) cyateine
N-acetyl-S-cysteinyl
acetyl derivative
tliiod i gylcolli c acid
231
51
4Z
50Z
28 Z
3X
mouse, 50 mg ( IC) 1 , l-DCE per kg,
oral dose
rat, 50 mg (^CH.I-DCE per kg,
oral dose
rat, 50 mg (14c)l,l-DCE per kg,
oral dose
mouse, 50 mg ( 'C) 1 , 1-DCE per kg,
oral dose
rat, 50 mg ( 14C) 1 , 1-DOE per kg,
oral dose
mouse, 50 mg (14C)l,l-DCE per kg,
oral dose
0-3
0-3
0-3
0-3
0-3
0-3
-------
1,1-DICHLOtfOETHYLENE
(VINYLIDENE CHLORIDE) (continued) .
Breath
Urine
Blood
Continents
Ref.
Metabolite conjugates (cent,)
(thiodi gtycolli c acid, cont.)
thioglycolli c acid
thioglycollyloxalic acid
•
urea
221
5Z
31
37
2Z
31
3.5X
rat, 50 mg (Me)!, 1-DflE per kg,
oral dose
mouse, 50 mg ( 1/fc)l , 1-DCE per kg,
oral dose
rat, 0.5 mg (14C)i,l-DCE per kg,
oral doae
mouse, 50 mg ( '^cH , 1-DCE per kg,
oral dose
rat, 50 mg (^C)!, 1-DCE per kg,
oral dose
mouse, 50 mg (l*C)l, 1-DCE per kg,
oral dose
rat, 50 mg (^Ol, 1-DCE per kg,
0-3
0-3
0-3
0-3
0-3
0-3
0-3
oral dose
-------
1,2-DICHLOBOETHYLENE
Proposed metabolic pathway (by analogy to the metabolism of related compounds such aa trichloroethylene)
CICH—CHCI
^ -1 7^ CISCH —CHO
b r~"~7 r tt g
CICH,- COCI—CICH, —COOH
f
CHlOH),
.
ltlCH*CHCll
I I |—»CI,CH-
(_ OH on J
A proposed metabolic pathway of 1,2-dichloroethylene.
a) 1,2-dichloroethylene
b) 1,2-dichloroethylene epoxide
c) 1,2-dichloroglycol
d) dichloroacetaldehyde
e) monochloroacetyI chloride
f) 2,2-dichloro-l,l-ethanadiol
g) monochloroacetic acid
No information was available on the distribution of 1,2-dichloroethylene
in breath, urine, or blood. An i_n vitro study using rat liver homogenates
reported small amounts of dichloroacetlc acid and dichloroethanol after
perfusion with cis or trans 1,2-DCE (P-l).
-------
1,2-DICHLOROPROPANE
C, 0, „
H-C-C-C-H
A A A
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
(JO
ro
ON
Parent compound:
dl chloropropane
volatile chlorinated 23. 12
0.6-1.1 mg/100
cc blood
1.5-2.9 mg/100
cc blood
1.3-1.6 mg/100
cc blood
rabbit, 1,500 ppm
day for 5 days
rabbit, 2,200 ppm
day for 5 days
dog, 1,000 ppm in
day for 5 days
rat, 1.07 mg (10.
in air
in air
air, 7
3 uCi)
, 7 hra/
, 7 hrs/
hrs/
of 1,2-
q-1
Q-l
Q-l
Q-2
hydrocarbons, probably
unchanged 1,2-dichloro
propane
Half-life of parent compound:
Metabolites:
dichloro-(l-l^C)propane, single
oral dose
14
C02
radioactive substances
pT ^.jent-producing substance
Ho data
19.3%
No data
No data
50.2Z
present, but
not identified
or quantitated
rat, 1.07 mg (10.3 uCi ) of 1,2- 0^-2
dichloro-(l-''*C)propane, single
dose, by stomach tube
rat, 0.88 mg (8.5 uCi) of 1,2- Q-2
dichloro-(l-'^C)propane,
in 0.5 ml arachis oil, single
oral dose
rat, mouse, and guinea pig; dichloro- Q-l
propane vapors, concentration
not stated
Metabolite conjugates!
No data
No lata
No data
-------
BE If ACHLORO 8 tJXABT EHE
Based on findings of Murzakaev.. (R-l)
Cl
\
Ct
c ~
Cl
\
C =3 C
ct
Cl
polychlocobutanes
C.H..C1, and C.H.CL,
455 4 A 6
iiexachlorobutadlene
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound;
Half-life of parent compound!
Hetabol i tea:
pentachlorobutane
Metabolite conjugates)
Wo
-------
HEXACHLOROETHANE
Cl C!
I I
C!~C —C—Cl
C! Cl
hexachloroethane I
Ho data were available on the metabolic pathway of hexachloroethane.
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound:
hexachloroethane
Half-li!re of parent compounds No data
Metabolites,"
tri chloroethanol
50-70 ug/ml
(24 hours)
No data
1.3%
(3 days)
10-28 ug/mt
(24 hours)
0.2 ug/g
(6 hrs)
No data
sheep, 0.5 g/kg,
single oral dose
sheep (anaesthetized) 0,5 g/kg,
single oral dose
rabbit, 0.5 g of
ethane/kg body wt
'''C-hexachloro-
. , in diet
S-2
S-2
S-l
-------
IIEXACIILOBOETHANE (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
trichloroacetic acid
dichloroaceti c acid
monochloroacetic acid
di ch loroethanol
oxalic acid
1.3Z
(3 daya)
0.8Z
(3 , daya)
0.71
(3 daya)
0.4X
(3 daya)
O.IX
(3 days)
rabbit, 0.5 g of l*C-hex«chloro-
ethane/kg body wt . , in diet
rabbi C, 0.5 g of ^C-hexachloro-
ethane/kg body wt., in diet
rabbit, 0.5 g of '^C-hexachloro-
ethane/kg body wt., in diet:
rabbit, 0.5 g of ^C-hexachloro-
ethane/kg body wt., in diet
rabbit, 0.5 g of ^C-hexachloro-
ethahe/kg body wt., in diet
S-l
S-l
S-l
S-l
S-l
CO
volatile metabolites
(includes COj, CjC\^,
tetrachloroethylene and
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane)
tetrachloroethylene
pentad) Ioroethane
14-24X rabbit, 0.5 g of 14C-hexachloro- S-l
ethane/kg body wt., in diet
25-29 ug 0.6-1.1 ug/ml aheep, 0.5 g/kg, single oral dose S-2
(24 lua) (24 lira)
0.2-0.4 ug/mt sheep, 0.5 g/kg, single oral dose S-2
(6 hrs)
20-25 ug 0.06-0.5 ug/ml sheep, 0.5 g/kg, single oral dose S-2
(24 hrs) (24 hrs)
0 - trace
(6 hra)
sheep, 0.5 g/kg, single oral dose S-2
Metabolite conjugates:
No data
No data
No data
-------
METHYLEHE CHLORIDE
Based on findings of Kubic and Anders, 1975. Metabolism of dlhalomethanes
to carbon monoxide II. Drug Hetab. Dlspoa. 3(2): 104-112.
Cl
I
H-C-CI
I
H
P450 mixed-function oxidaaea
NADPH, 0.
CO
Carbon monoxide
methylene chloride
U)
U)
o
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound!
1*C methylene chloride
Half-life for elimination
of CftHb after methylene
chloride exposure
77.OZ, 92.OX
(2 hrs)
95.3%, 92.6X
(8 hrs)
91.50%
(24 hrs)
13 hrs.
rat, 412-930 mg/kg, i.p. Expressed
as percentage of original dose.
These are values for individual ex-
perimental animals.
rat, 412-930 mg/kg, i.p. Expressed
as percentage of original dose.
These are values for individual ex-
perimental animals.
rat, 412-930 mg/kg, i.p. Expressed
as percentage of original dose.
These are values for individual ex-
perimental animals.
human, B hra exposure to 180 ppm
methylene chloride
T-l
T-l
T-l
T-4
-------
Methylene chloride (continued)
Breach
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
Metabolitest
(C14)carbon dioxide
CO
U)
carbon dioxide
(c'4)carbon monoxide
0.44Z, 0.65Z
(2 hra)
1.44Z, 1.61Z
(8 hra)
(24 hrs)
29Z
0.14Z, 0.14Z
(2 hra)
rat, 412-930 mg/kg, i.p. Expressed aa T-l
percentage of original dose. These
are values for individual experimental
animals.
rat, 412-930 mg/kg, i.p. Expressed as T-l
percentage of original dose. Theae
are values for individual experimental
animals.
rat, 412-930 mg/kg, i.p. Expressed aa T-l
percentage of original dose. These
are valuea for individual experimental
animala.
rat, 0.2 mmol/kg '^C-methylene
chloride inhalation (8 hrs), closed
rebreathing system
T-2
rat, 412-930 mg/kg, i.p. Expressed aa T-I
percentage of original dose. These
are valuea for individual experimental
animala
1.161, 1.691
(8 hrs)
2.15Z
(24 hra)
rat, 412-930 mg/kg, i.p. Expressed aa T-l
percentage of original dose. These
are valuea for individual experimental
animals
rat, 412-930 mg/kg, i.p. Expressed aa T-l
percentage of original dose. These
are values for individual experimental
animala
-------
Methylene chloride (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont)
carbon monoxide
47t
oo
oo
fo
carbon monoxide as
carboxyhemoglobin (COHb)
1.5X
Hb saturation
after 30 rain.
exposure
rat, 0.2 mmol/kg ^C-methylene
chloride inhalation (8 hrs),
closed rebreathing ay a tern
human, 213 ppra methyl ene chloride
inhalation (60 min)
1.75Z Hb human, 213 ppra methylene chloride
aaturation after inhalation (60 min)
60 min.
exposure
2.4Z lib
saturation 3 hrs
after exposure
10.1Z Hb human, 986 ppn methylene chloride
aaturation 1 inhalation (2 hrs)
hr post exposure
T-2
T-3
T-3
T-3
91 Hb
aaturation
human, 180 ppn, workroom air (8 hrs) T-4
6X maximum rat, 3.0 mmol/kg i.p. (after 2-2.5 T-5
lib saturation hrs)
7X maximum rat, 440 ppm inhalation exposure
Hb saturation (3 hrs)
T-6
-------
Methylene chloride (continued)
Breach
Urine
Blood
Comments
Hef .
Metabolites (cont.)
(^CO-unidentified
compound
Co
CO
CO
i[l4C)-activity
representing parent
compound and metabolites
0.34Z, 0.46Z
(2 hrs)
0.74Z, 0.86Z
(8 hrs)
1.49Z
(24 hrs)
75Z
(2 hrs)
98%
(24 hrs)
l.OZ
(24 hrs)
rat, 412-930 mg/kg i.p. Expressed T-l
aa percentage of original dose.
These are values for individual
experimental animals.
rat, 412-930 rag/kg i.p. Expressed T-l
aa percentage of original dose.
These are values for individual
experimental animals.
rat, 412-930 mg/kg i.p. Expressed T-l
as percentage of original dose.
These are values for individual
experimental animals.
rat, 412-930 mg/kg methylene T-l
chloride, i.p. Expressed aa per-
centage of orginial dose.
rat, 412-930 mg/kg methylene T-l
chloride, i.p. Expressed as per-
centage of orginial dose.
rat, 412-930 mg/kg methylene T-l
chloride, i.p. Expressed aa per-
centage of orginial dose.
Metabolite conjugates:
'.Jo data
Ho data
No data
-------
PEHTACHLOROAHISOI.E (PGA)
OCH,
demethylation
pentachloroanlsole
Breath Urine
Blood
Comments
Based on findings of
Glickman ct al,, (U-l)
Ref.
U>
CO
-P-
Parent Compound:
Half-life of parent compound:
Metabolites:
Metabolite conjugates:
Wrox. 1 ug/g rainbow trout, 0.024 mg »4C
(12 hrs) PGA/L H20 at 12°C for 12 hrs
Ho data
Ho data
Ho data
Ho data
6.3 days
No data
Ho data
rainbow trout, 0.024 mg ^C
PGA/L H20 at 12°C for 12 hrs
U-l
U-l
-------
PENTACHLOHOBENZENB
C(
,CI
CJ
^-^
1 oxidation
^A
^•^ n
I C<
Cl
\
/
arene
oxide
hydroxylatlon
dechlor ination
products
Metabolism of pentachlorobenzene, based on studies by Kohll et al., 1976
(Can. J. Blochem.. 54(3)i 203-208).
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Hef.
Parent '.Compound;
Half-life of parent compound! No data
3Z total
excretion
producta
(urine + fecea)
No data
No data
chinchilla doe, 0.5 mg/kg, by V-l
atoinach tube
chinchilla doe, 0.5 mg/kg, by
subcutaneous injection
rat, rate and route of adminiatration V-2
unapeci fied
-------
Pentachlorobenr.ene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites:
pentachlorophenol
tetrachlorophenol
tetrachlorohydroquinone
alpha-hydroxylated
chlorothio compound
tri- or penta- ch1orophenol
other phenols
otisi chlorohydrocarbons 9T
(3 days)
2U
(4 days)
91 total
excretion
products
(urine + feceo)
unapeci f ied
amount
unspecified
amount
unspecified
amount
0.2X
(3 days)
0.2%
(4 days)
O.IK
(7 days)
IX
(3 and 4 days)
(10 days)
rat, rate and route of administration V-2
unspecified
rat, rate and route of administration V-2
unapeci fied
rat, rate and route of administration V-2
unspeci fied
rat, rate and route of administration V-2
unspecified
chinchilla doe, 0,5 rag/kg, by stomach V-l
tube
chinchilla doe, 0.5 tng/kg, by stomach V-l
tube
chinchilla doe, 0.5 mg/kg, by
subcutaneous injection
V-l
chinchilla doe, 0.5 mg/kg, by stomach V-l
tube
chinchilla doe, 0.5 mg/kg, by
subcutaneous injection
V-l
chinchilla doe, 0.5 mg/kg, by stomach V-l
tube
chinchilla doe, 0.5 mg/kg, by
stomach tube
V-l
-------
CO
CO
Pentachlorobenzene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(other chlorohydrocarbons, 21
cont.) (10 days)
Metabolite conjugates! No data
chinchilla doe, 0.5 rag/kg, by
subcutaneous injection
V-l
No data
No data
-------
PENTACHLOROETHANE
CC1- ! CHC1
trichloroethylene
pentac
\
cci2
CHC1, -HCL . rpl
. , , +HaO I chl
liloroethane / 1 —
-HC1
^ \
: CC1,
* i r.r.i -C.
,ciio red
trichloroethanol
ox
/
nnH
CO
CO
CO
tetrachloroethylene
y
trichloroacetic acid
Metabolism of pentachloroethane, from Yllner, 1963 (W-l)
Breath Urine Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound:
present
present
greater than
1(T6 g/ml of
of plasma (3
da T), venous
unchanged pentachloroethane in the W-l
urine, feces and expired air account-
ed for approx. 30Z (24 hra) of the
20 ul dose injected subcutaneously
in mice
sheep, 0.3 ml/kg single oral dose W-2
12-5IX
(3 days)
mouse, 1.1-1.8 g/kg injected
subcutaneously
W-3
-------
Fentachlorotthane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
Half-life of parent compound) Ho data
Metaboli teat
tetrachloroethylene present
to
CO
tri chloroethanol
3-9X
(3 days)
present
trichloroacetic acid
present
No data
present
No data
greater than
1
-------
Pentachloroethane (continued)
Breath Urios Bipod Comments Sef.
Metabolites (cont.)
tricliloruethytene -present present trichloroethylene in the urine, W-1
feces and expired air accounted
for less than 5X (24 hrs) of the
20 ul dose injected subcutaneously
in mice. The amount vras not
quantitated, but appeared to be
less than the amount of
tetrachloroethylene eliminated.
2-16X mouse, 1.1-1.8 g/kg injected W-3
(3 days) aubcutaneously
Metabolite conjugates: Ho data No data No data
-------
TETRACULOROBENZENB
U)
-p-
I) 1,2,3,4
II) 1 ,2,3,5
III) 1 ,2,3,5
IV) 2,3,4,5
V) 1 ,3,4,5
VI) 2,3,4 ,6
VII) 2,3,5,6
VIII) 2,3,4,6
IX) 2,3,4,5
y.) 2,3,5,6
tetrachlorobenzene
tetraclilorobenzene
tetrachlorobenzene
tetrachlorobenzene oxide
tetrachlorobenzene oxide
tetrachlorobenzene oxide
tetrachlorobenzene oxide
tetrachlorophenol
tetrachlorophenol
tetrachlorophenol
Proposed mecabollsm ot tetrachlorobenzene
laometa, from Kolill et al., 1976 (X-l)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Hef.
Parent Compound:
1,2,3,4-isomer 8X
(6
1,2,4,5-iaomer 2Z
(6
1,2,3,5-isomer 12%
(6
daya)
daya)
daya)
chinchilla
by atomach
chinchilla
by stomach
chinchi Ha
by stomach
doe rabbita,
tube
doe rabbita,
tube
doe rabbi ts ,
tube
0.5 g/kg
0.5 g/kg
0.5 g/kg
X-2
X-2
X-2
-------
Tetrachlorobenzene (continued)
Breath
Half-life of parent compounds No data
Metabolites of the
1 , 2,3,4-isomer!
2,3 ,4 ,5-tetrachloro-
plienol
other phenols
mercapturic acid
other chlorobenzenes
Metabolites of the
1,2,3,5-isomer:
2,3,4,5-tetrachloro-
phenol
2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-
phenol
i ,3,4,6-tetrachloro-
phenol
tetr.'ctilorophenols
(predominantly 2,3,4,6-
tetrac.i! orophenol
Urine Blood
No data Ho data
20%
(10 days)
43Z
(6 days)
less than 1%
(6 day,))
less than IX
(6 days)
2%
(2 days)
3Z
(10 days)
2Z
(10 days)
1.5Z
(10 days)
5Z
(6 days)
Comments
male rabbits, 300 mg/rabbit
by i.p. injection
chinchilla doe rabbits, 0.5
by stomach tube
chinchilla doe rabbits, 0.5
stomach tube
chinchilla doe rabbits, 0.5
stomach tube
chinchilla doe rabbits, 0.5
stomach tube
male rabbits, 300 mg/rabbit
by i.p. injection
male rabbits, 300 mg/rabbit
by i.p. injection
male rabbits, 300 mg/rabbit
by i.p. injection
chinchilla doe rabbits, 0.5
by stomach tube
Ref.
(4-5 kg), X-l
g/kg, X-2
g/kg, by X-2
g/kg, by X-2
g/kg, by X-2
(4-5 kg), X-l
(4-5 kg), X-l
(4-5 kg), X-l
g/kg, X-2
-------
Tetrachlorobencene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Kef.
CO
-p-
Co
Metabolites of the
1,2,3,5-iaomer (cont.)
other phenols
other chlorobenzenea
Metabolites of the
l,2,4,S-iaomen
tetrachlorophenols
other phenols
other chlorobenzenea
91
(6 daya)
10Z
(6 daya)
SZ
(6 days)
21
(6 daya)
5X
(6 daya)
chinchilla doe rabbits, O.S g/kg, X-2
by stomach tube
chinchilla doe rabbits, O.S g/kg, X-2
by stomach tube
chinchilla doe rabbits, 0.5 g/kg X-2
by atouach tube
chinchilla doe rabbits, O.S g/kg X-2
by stomach tube
chinchilla doe rabbita, O.S g/kg X-2
by stomach tube
Metabolite conjugateai
No data
No data
No data
-------
1,1,2,2-TETRACHLOROETHANE
Adapted from the findings of Yllner, (Y-3)
* b
C(X :CHCl •<—
. !
lOf CCI2:
/ \ /, I
roa cct, COOH HOQC
CHC12CHCI2 >• (CHCI..CHOJ
: CCI,
COOH
c~i»i~f2 i.
' I
CHCI2 COOH
I
CHO COOH - ^ CH2NH2COOH
I
4) trlchloro«ehyl«na
b) tatrachloroathane
c) d,ichloroacetaldehyd«
d) tjrichloroacataldehyd*
f) dichlocoacetic acid
g) trichloro«Chanol
h) tcichloroacetic aci4
i) oxalic acid
ji glycitt
k) glyc«ine
Bronl^h
Blood,
Ketafeolitai i
50T
(3 days)
i.p, injection
8 "C- y_3
l^r IE^ body »t,
mouse, 0.21-0.32 & I4C- Y-3
tetrachloroethane per kg body wt,
i.p. injection
-------
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Kef.
Metabolites (cont.)
dichloroacetic acid
trichloroethanol
Ln
oxalic acid
trichloroacetic acid
271 of
urinary
activity
(24 bra)
10Z of
urinary
activity
(24 hra)
8.2 mg/kg
(48 hra)
0.8 mg/kg
(48 hra)
trace
(96 hra)
71 of urinary
activity
(24 hra)
4Z of urinary
activity
(24 hra)
1.7 pig/kg
(48 hra)
1.3 mg/kg
(48 hrs)
0.3 mg/kg
(96 hra)
mouae, 0.16-0.32 g ^C-tetrachloro- Y-3
ethane per kg body wt, i.p. injection
mouae, 0.16-0.32 g l^c-tetrachloro-
ethane per kg body wt, i.p. injection
Y-3
rat, 200 ppm, inhalation exposure
(8 hra)
Y-4
rat, 2.78 mmol/kg body wt, (equiva- Y-4
lent to 467 mg/kg), i.p. injection
rat, 2.78 mmol/kg body wt , (equiva- Y-4
lent to 467 mg/kg), i.p. injection
mouae, 0.16-0.32 g Hc-tetrachloro Y-3
ethane per kg body wt, i.p. injection
mouae, 0.16-0.32 g ""C-tetrachloro y_3
ethane per kg body wt, i.p. injection
rat, 200 ppm, inhalation exposure Y-4
(8 hra)
rat, 2.78 mmol/kg body wt, (equiva- Y-4
lent to 467 mg/kg), i.p. injection
rat, 2.78 mmol/kg body wt, (equiva- Y~4
lent to 467 mg/kg), i.p. injection
-------
co
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane (conti nued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
urea
glyoxylic acid
chlorinated hydrocarbons
14-C activity
3?Cl-activity
21 of
urinary
activi ty
(24 hrs)
0.91 of
urinary
activity
(24 hrs)
0.5 mg/L
of urine
0.5 mg/L
of urine
28X
(3 days)
3.31
(1 hr)
of retained
radioactivity
mouse, 0.16-0.32 g l^C-tetrachloro-
ethane per kg body wt , i.p. injection
^ mouse, 0.16-0.32 g l/>C-tetrachloro-
' ethane per kg body wt, i.p. injection
dog, (dose not stated) inhalation ex-
posure (1 hr/day, up to 20 days)
rat, rabbit, and guinea pig (dose not
stated), subcutaneous injection
mouse, 0.21-0.32 g '^C-tetrachloro-
ethane per kg body wt, i.p. injection
human, 2.5 mg 38ci_tetracnioro_
ethane inhaled; 971 of the dose was
retained in the lungs
Y-3
Y-3
Y-2
Y-2
Y-3
Y-3
Metabolite conjugates:
No data
No data
No data
-------
TETUACHLOROETHlfLENE
Proposed metabolism of Tetrachloroethylene. Bonae et al., (Z-2)
Tetrachloroethylene
cci3— coci
CC1 — COOH *
trlchloroacetlc /
acid fazyme
c atalysed
CC1.J— COR
R - (eg. OH, SH, NH )
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comment*
Ref.
Parent compound)
1 ppm
14 daya
after
exposure
97.91
(48 hra)
human, 100 ppm
day, 5 daya
rat, 1.75 uCi,
stomach tube.
inhalation 7 hra/
administered by
Expressed as per-
Z-7
Z-l
Half-life of parent compound: 3 days
65 hr»
Half-life of metabolites:
total trichloro
compounds
144 hie
123.3 hrs
centage of original dose.
human, 100 ppu inhalation 7 hr/ Z-7
day, 5 daya
human, occupational exposure Z-6
human (male), 30-100 ppm, inhalation Z-6
8 lira/day, 5 days/week, occupational
exposure
-------
Tetrachloroethylene (Continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
co
Half-life of metabolites (cont.)
(total trichloro
compounds, cont.)
Metabolites;
trichloroacetic acid
tri chloroethanol
190.1 hrs
52X
5.3 mg/kg
body wt
(48 hrs)
5.5 mg/kg
body wt
(48 hrs)
4-35 mg/L
32-97 mg/L
1.8* of
retained
tetrachloro-
ethylene
(67 lira)
3.2 mg/kg
body wt.
(AS hrs)
human (female), 10-20 ppra, inhalation Z-6
8 hra/day, 5 days/week, occupational
exposure
mouse, 1.3 mg/g body wt, vapor,2 hrs, Z-3
exposure. Figure represents per-
centage of urinary radioactivity.
Urinary radioactivity was 20Z of
absorbed activity.
rat, 200 ppm inhalation exposure, Z-4
8 hrs
rat, 2.78 mnol/kg body wt, i.p. Z-4
human, 20-70 ppm, daily, Z-4
intermittent occupational
exposure
human, 200-400 ppm daily, Z-4
intermitten occupational
exposure
human, 87 ppm, inhalation Z-5
exposure, 3 hrs
rat, 200 ppm, inhalation Z~4
exposure, 8 hrs
-------
Tetrachloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
LO
-t-
Metabolitea (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
oxalic acid
dichloroacetic acid
unknown chloride
36Cl-activity 97.91
representing parent (48 lira)
compound and/or metabolites
0.08 mg/kg
body wt
(48 hrs)
4-20 og/L
21-100 ug/L
111
trace
amount
l.OZ of
retained
tetrachloro-
ethylene
(67 hra)
2. IX
(48 lira)
rat, 2.78 mmol/kg body wt i.p. Z-4
human, 20-70 ppm, daily, Z-4
intermittent occupational
exposure
human, 200-400 ppm, daily, Z-4
intermittent occupational
•exposure
mouae, 1.3 mg/g body wt, vapor, Z-3
2 hra exposure. Figure represents
percentage of urinary radioactivity.
Urinary activity waa 202 of
absorbed activity.
mouse, 1.3 mg/g body wt, vapor, Z-3
2 hrs exposure. Figure represents
percentage of urinary radioactivity.
Urinary activity was 20Z of absorbed
activity.
human, 87 ppm inhalation exposure, Z-5
3 hrs
rat, 1.75 uCi, administered by Z-l
stomach tube
-------
Tetrachloroethylene (continued)
Breath Urine Blood Comments Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
l^C activity representing 70T 201 of absorb- mouse, 1.3 mg/g body wt Z-3
parent compound and/or of absorbed ed activity inhalation, 2 hrs
metabolites activity
Metabolite conjugates: No data No data No data
Cn
O
-------
THICIIUOHOBENZENE
Cn
0
IV o? V Q
\ / ,>
X XI
I) 1,2,3-trlchlorobenzene
II) 1,3,5-trlchlorobenzene
III) 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
IV) 2,3,4-trichlorobenzene oxide
V) 3.4,5-trlchlorobenzene oxide
VI) 1,3,5-trlchlorobenzene oxide
VII) 2,3.5-trlchlorobenzene oxide
VIII) 2,4,5-trlchlorobenzene oxide
IX) 2,3,6-trichlorophenol
X) 2,3,4-trlchlorophenol
XI) 3,4.5-trichlorophenol
XII) 2,4,6-trlchloropbenol
XIII) 2,3,5-trlchlorophenol
XIV) 2,4,5-trlchlorophenol
Met aboil am of ,trlchlor,obenzene laomera
baaed studies by Kohll et al., 1976
(AA-2).
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
1,2,3 iaomer
Parent compound:
Half-life of parent compound:
Metaboli tea;
tr i chloropbenola
(primarily 2,3,4~trichloro-
phenol; smaller amounts
of 3,4 ,5-trichlorophenol
and 3,4,5-trichlorocatechol)
2, 3 ,4-tri cb1orophenol
No data
No data
Mo data
No data
7BX
(5 days)
III
(10 days)
No data
No data
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, by
stomach tube
rabbit, 300 pig, i .p.
AA-1
AA-2
-------
Trichlorobenzene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
2,3,6-trichlorophenol
3,4,5-trichloroptienyl
acetate
Metabolite conjugates)
glucuroni de
ethereal sulphate
2,3,4-trichlorophenyl-
raercapturic acid
11
(10 days)
n
(10 days)
50%
(5 days)
12%
(5 days)
0.3X
(5 days)
rabbit, 300 rog, i .p.
rabbit, 300 mg, i .p.
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg by
stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, by
stomach tube
M-2
AA-2
AA-1
AA-1
AA-1
Cn
N>
-------
Tri chlorobenzene (continued)
Breach
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
1,2,4 isomer
Parent compound) No data
Half-life of parent compound! No data
Metabolites!
trichloro phenols
(2,4,5- and 2,3,5-
trichlorophenol, plus
small amounts of 3,4,6-
trichlorocatechol)
2,4 , 5- trichloro phenol
2,3,5-trichlorophenol
Metabolite conjugates!
glucuronide
ethereal sulphate
mercapturic acids
(2,3,5- and 2,4,5-
No data fo data
No data No data
42Z
(5 days)
51
(10 days)
(10 days) ;
27Z
(5 days)
111
(5 days)
0.3Z
(5 days)
rabbit, O.S g/kg, by
stomach tube
rabbit, 300 mg, i .p.
rabbit, 300 mg, i .p.
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, by
stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, by
stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg, by
stomach tube
AA-1
AA-2
AA-2
AA-1
AA-1
AA-1
tri chlorophenyl mercap-
turic acids)
-------
Trichlorobenzerie (continued)
l/l
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
l^JSjJMlSSiEi
Parent compounds
Half-life of parent compound:
Metabolites?
2,4,6-trichlorophenol
other phenols
(4-chlorophenol and
4-chlorocatechol )
monoch 1 or oben zene
Metabolite conjugates:
glucuronide
ethereal sulphate
121
(8 days)
8.5X
(9 days)
No data Ho data Ho data
9%
3J
(8 days)
10X
(9 days)
IX
(8 days)
1*1
(9 days)
IX
(8 or 9 days)
20X
(5 days)
3X
(5 days)
rabbit, 0-5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
rabbit, 0,5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
AA-3
AA-3
M-l
AA-3
AA-3
AA-3
AA-3
AA-3
AA-1
AA-l
mercapturic acid
rabbit, 0.5 g/kg,
by stomach tube
AA-1
-------
1.1,1-TKICHLOROETHANE
oxidation
. Cl CCH 01}
' trichloroethanol
v Cl COCOOU
~^:rlchloroacetic acid
Proposed formation of urinary metabolites of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, from Ikeda and
Ohtsuji, 1972 (Afl-2)
CO
Cn
Cn
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compounds
(a) alveolar air
concentration of
1,1,1-trichloroethane
125 ppm (a)
(at reat)
168 ppm (a)
(50 W)
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 mill, per AB-5
exposure, at reat and with consecutive
work loads of 50, 100, and 150 W as
measured on a bicycle ergometer
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure, at reat and with consecutive
work loads of 50, 100, and 150 W aa
measured on a bicycle ergometer
-------
1,1,1-Trichloxoethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound (cont.)
210 ppra (a)
(100 W)
27 ppra (a)
(150 W)
to
01
ON
3.0 ppm
arterial blood
(at rest)
4.5 ppm
arterial blood
(50 W)
5.2 ppm
arterial blood
(100 W)
5.5 ppm
arterial blood
(150 W)
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure, at rest and with consecutive
work loads of 50, 100, and 150 W as
measured on a bicycle ergoroeter
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure, at rest and with consecutive
work loads of 50, 100, and 150 W as
measured on a bicycle,ergometer
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure, at rest and with consecutive
work loads of 50, 100, and 150 H as
measured on a bicycle ergometer
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 nin. per AB-5
exposure, at rest and with consecutive
work loads of 50, 100, and 150 W as
measured on a bicycle ergometer
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 rain, per AB-5
exposure, at rest and with consecutive
work loads of 50, 100, and 150 H as
measured on a bicycle ergometer
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure, at rest and with consecutive
work loads of 50, 100, and 150 W as
measured on a bicycle ergometer
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroebhana (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
CommentB
Bet.
Parent compound (cont.)
179 pprt,
alveolar air
(at rest)
239 ppm,
alveolar air
(50 W)
1.4 ppm, human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 mitt, per AB-5
venous blood exposure, at reat and with consecutive
(at reat) work loada of 50, 100, and 150 W as
measured on a bicycle ergometer
3.1 ppm, human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
venous blood exposure, at rest a»d with consecutive
(50 W) work loada of 50, 100, and 150 M as
measured on a bicycle ergometer
3.5 ppm, human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
venous blood exposure, at reat and with consecutive
(100 W) work loada of 50, 100, and 150 M aa
measured on a bicycle ergometer
4.4 ppm, human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
venous blood exposure, at reat and with consecutive
(150 W) work loads of 50, 100, and 150 W as
measured on a bicycle ergometer
human, 350 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure, at reat and with 50 H
work load aa measured on a bicycle
ergometer
human, 350 ppra exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure, at reat and with 50 W
work load as measured on a bicycle
ergometer
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Parent compound (cont.)
oo
<_n
Co
Urine
128 ppm,
alveolar air
(at rent)
176 ppm,
alveolar air
(at rest
plus 4Z
CO2)
201 ppm,
alveolar air
(50 H
plus 4X
Blood
Comments
Ref.
5.0 ppm,
arterial blood
(at rest)
7.2 ppm,
arterial blood
(50 W)
3.0 ppm,
venous blood
(at reat)
4.0 ppm
venous blood
(50 W)
human, 350 ppm exposure, 30 rain, per AB-5
exposure, at rest and with 50 H work
toad as measured on a bicycle
ergometer ,
human, 350 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure, at rest and with 50 H work
load as measured on a bicycle
ergometer
human, 350 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure, at rest and with 50 W work
load aa measured on' a bicycle
ergometer
human, 350 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure, at rest and with 50 H work
load as measured on a bicycle
ergometer
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure; at rest, at rest plus AX
C(>2, and 50 W workload plus 4Z
CO 2
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per
exposure; at rest, at rest plus 42
CO2, and 50 H workload plus 4Z
C02
AB-5
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per
exposure; at rest, at reat plus 4Z
C02, and 50 W workload plus 4Z
CO 9
AB-5
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comment: a
Ref.
Parent compound (cont.)
U>
Ln
2.2 ppm,
arterial blood
(at reat)
3.3 ppm,
arterial blood
(at reat plus
AX C02)
3.9 ppm,
arterial blood
(50 W plus
AX C02)
1.0 ppm,
venouu blood
(at rest)
1.2 ppm,
venous blood
(at reat plua
AX C02)
1.9 ppm,
venous blood
(50 U plua
AX C02)
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure; at rest, at reat plua At
(X>2, and 50 W workload plua AX
C02
human, 250 ppn exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure; at rest, at reat plua AX
C02, and 50 W workload plus AX
C02
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure; at rest, at reat plua AX
CO?, and 50 W workload plus AX
UU9
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure; at rest, at reat plua AX
C02, and 50 U workload plua AX
C02
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure; at rest, at rest plus AX
C02, and 50 U workload plus AX
CO2
human, 250 ppm exposure, 30 min. per AB-5
exposure; at rest, at rest plua AX
C02, and 50 U workload plus AX
CO 2
-------
1,1,1-Tri chloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound (cont.)
OJ
Ov
O
98.7X
(25 hrs)
2.488 mg
(1st hr)
1.156 mg
(2nd hr)
0.589 mg
(3rd hr)
0.309 mg
(4th hr)
0.191 mg
(5th hr)
0.117 mg
(6th hr)
0.073 mg
(7th hr)
0.050 mg
(8th hr)
rat. 700 mg 1,1,1-trichloroethane- AB-1
1-C14 per kg, i.p.
rat, 221 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs); expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 221 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs); expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 221 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs); expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 221 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs); expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 221 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs); expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 221 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs); expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 221 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs); expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 221 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hra); expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
-------
1,1, 1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Bef.
Parent compound (cont.)
u>
ON
5.719 mg
(1st hr)
3.350 mg
(2nd hr)
1.539 mg
(3rd hr)
0.793 mg
(4th hr)
0.441 mg
(5th hr)
0.259 mg
(6th hr)
0.154 mg
(7th hr)
0.098 rag
(8th hr)
rat, 443 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs)| expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 443 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hra)j expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 443 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs)j expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 443 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs)j expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 443 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs)) expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 443 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hra)j expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 443 ppm, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hra); expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
rat, 443 ppia, inhalation exposure AB-3
(4 hrs)j expired air level of
parent compound measured hourly
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound (cont.)
ON
0.677-1.000
ug/ml
0.08 nraol/g
(17 hre after
last exposure)
rat, 204 ppm inhalation exposure,
8 hrs/day, 5 days/week, 14 weeks;
blood concentration of parent
compound determined periodically
for duration of exposure
rat, 20 umol/L (500 ppm),
inhalation exposure, 6 hrs/day,
4 days
AB-3
AB-8
AB-8
8.5 to 13.1 rat, 20 umol/L (500 ppm),
nraol/g (limned- inhalation exposure, 6 hra/day,
lately after 2- 4 days
6 hra additional
exposure on day 5)
0.15 ug/g mouse, 10 ppm inhalation exposure AB-9
(3 hrs) for 3, 6, or 24 hours
0.47 ug/g mouse, 10 ppm inhalation exposure AB-9
(6 hrs) for 3, 6, or 24 hours
0.60 ug/g mouse, 10 ppm inhalation exposure AB-9
(24 hrs) for 3, 6, or 24 hours
3.0 ug/g mouse, 100 ppm inhalation exposure AB-9
(0.5 hr) for various exposure periods
4.8 ug/g mouse, 100 ppm inhalation exposure AB-9
(1 hr) for various exposure periods
4.2 ug/g mouse, 100 ppm inhalation exposure AB-9
(2 hrs) for various exposure periods
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Hef.
Parent compound (cont.)
ON
Cx)
4.5 ug/g
(3 hrs)
8.1 ug/g
(4 hrs)
5.6 ug/g
(4.5 hra)
6.2 ug/g
(5 hra)
6.0 ug/g
(6 hra)
5.8 ug/g
(16 hra)
6.3 ug/g
(24 hra)
31 ug/g
(0.5 hr
exposure)
38 ug/g
(l hr exposure)
41 ug/g
(3 hrs exposure)
48 ug/g
(4.5 hrs
exposure)
36 ug/g
(6 hra exposure)
mouse, 100 ppm inhalation exposure
for various exposure periods
mouse, 100 ppn inhalation exposure
for various exposure periods
mouse, 100 ppm inhalation exposure
for various exposure periods
mouse, 100 ppm inhalation exposure
for various exposure periods
mouse, 100 ppm inhalation exposure
for various exposure periods
mouse, 100 ppm inhalation exposure
for various exposure periods
mouse, 100 ppm inhalation exposure
for various exposure periods
mouse, 1000 ppm inhalation exposure
for 0.5, 1, 3, 4.5, or 6 hours
mouse, 1000 ppm inhalation exposure
for 0.5, 1, 3, 4.5, or 6 hours
mouse, 1000 ppm inhalation exposure
for 0.5, I, 3, 4.5, or 6 hours
mouse, 1000 ppin inhalation exposure
for 0.5, 1, 3, 4.5, or 6 hours
mouse, 1000 ppm inhalation exposure
for 0.5, 1, 3, 4.5, or 6 hours
AB-9
AB-9
AB-9
AB-9
AB-9
AB-9
AB-9
AB-9
AB-9
AB-9
AB-9
AB-9
-------
!,1,1-Tri chloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
U>
ON
Parent compound (cont.)
Half-life of parent compound:
Metabolites;
14
CO 2
tri chloroethanol
0.5%
(25 hrs)
8.7 hrs
(average)
103 ug/g
(0.5 hr
exposure)
144 ug/g
(1 hr
exposure)
165 ug/g
(3 hrs
exposure)
251 ug/g
(0.5 hr
exposure)
204 ug/g
(3 hrs
exposure)
404 ug/g
(6 hrs
exposure)
20.1 rag/24 hrs
(1st day)
30.1 mg/24 hra
(2nd day)
mouse, 5,000 ppm inhalation AB-9
exposure, for 0.5, 1, or 3 hours
mouse, 5,000 ppm inhalation AB-9
exposure, for 0.5, 1, or 3 hours
mouse, 5,000 ppm inhalation AB-9
exposure, for 0.5, I, or 3 hours
mouse, 10,000 inhalation exposure AB-9
for 0.5, 3, or 6 hours
mouse, 10,000 inhalation exposure AB-9
for 0.5, 3, or 6 hours
mouse, 10,000 inhalation exposure AB-9
for 0.5, 3, or 6 hours
human, occupational inhalation AB-7
exposure to 4, 25, 28, or 53 ppm,
for 8 hrs/day, 5-1/2 days/week,
for at least 5 years (average)
rat. 700 mg 1,1,1-trichloroethane- AB-1
1-C1* per kg, i.p.
human, 500 ppm inhalation exposure AB-6
6 1/2-7 hrs/day, 5 days
human, 500 ppm inhalation exposure AB-6
6 1/2-7 hrs/day, 5 days
-------
I,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
fief.
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
OJ
ON
Ui
29.3 mg/24 bra
(3rd day)
46.6 mg/24 hrs
(4th day)
7.0 mg/24 lira
(6th day
after last
exposure)
less than 1.0
mg/24 hrs
(12th day after
last exposure)
1.2 rag/L
(4.3 ppm
exposure)
5.5 mg/L
(24.6 ppm ex-
posure)
9.9 mg/L
(53.4 ppm ex-
posure)
human, 500 ppm inhalation exposure
6 1/2-7 hrs/day, 5 days
human, 500 ppm inhalation exposure
6 1/2-7 hrs/day, 5 days
human, 500 ppm inhalation exposure
6 1/2-7 hrs/day, 5 days
AB-6
AB-6
AB-6
human, 500 ppm inhalation exposure AB-6
6 1/2-7 hrs/day, 5 days
human, occupational inhalation ex- AB-7
posure to 4.3, 24.6, or 53.4 ppm for
6 hrs/day, 5 1/2 days/week, for at
least 5 years
human, occupational inhalation ex- AB-7
posure to 4.3, 24.6, or 53.4 ppm for
8 lira/day, 5 1/2 days/week, for at
least 5 years
human, occupational inhalation ex- AB-7
posure to 4.3, 24.6, or 53.4 ppm for
6 hrs/day, 5 1/2 days/week, for at
least 5 years
-------
1,1,1 -Tricliloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
Ox
3.1 mg/kg
(48 hrs)
3.5 mg/kg
(48 hrs)
126.2 ug
(24 hrs)
7.5 ug
(2nd 24-hr
period)
206.5 ug
(24 hrs)
8.6 ug
(2nd 24-hr
period)
rat, 200 ppro inhalation exposure AB-2
8 hours
rat, 2.78 nmol/kg, i.p.
rat, 443 ppra inhalation exposure,
4 hrs
rat, 443 ppra inhalation exposure,
4 hrs
0.088 ug/ml rat, chronic inhalation exposure,
(week 1) 204 ppra Cor 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks; trichloroethanol in
blood measured periodically during
exposure at 1,2,4 and 9 weeks
0.063 ug/ml rat', chronic inhalation exposure,
(week 2) 204; ppm Cor 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks; trichloroethanol in
blopd measured periodically during
exposure at 1,2,4 and 9 weeks
AB-2
rat, 221 ppm inhalation exposure AB-3
4 hours
rat, 221 ppm inhalation exposure, AB-3
4 hours
AB-3
AB-3
AB-3
AB-3
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolitea (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
CO
a\
93.0 ug/24 hra
(week 1)
222.9 ug/24 hrs
(week 2)
189.8 ug/24 hra
(week 3)
216.3 ug/24 hrs
(week it)
0.059 ug/ml rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
(week 4). 204 ppm Cor 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks; trichloroethanol in
blood measured periodically during
exposure at 1,2,4 and 9 weeks
0.071 ug/ml rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
(week 9) 204 ppm for 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks} trichloroethanol in
blood measured periodically during
exposure at 1,2,4 and 9 weeks
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hra/day, S days/week
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hra/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
oo
254.5 ug/24 hrs
(week 5)
194.1 ug/24 hra
(week 6)
302.8 ug/24 hra
(week 7)
339.0 ug/24 hrs
(week 8)
383.9 ug/24 hrs
(week 9)
435.1 ug/24 hrs
(week 10)
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hrs/day, 5 days/veek
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hrs/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
Metabolites, (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
trichloroacetic acid
305.7 ug/24 hra
(week 11)
291.7 ug/24 hra
(week 12)
372.2 ug/24 hra
(week 13)
362.2 ug/24 hrs
(week 14)
7.5 mg/24 hra
(lat day)
10.9 mg/24 hra
(2nd day)
12.3 mg/24 hra
(3rd day)
14.1 mg/24 hrs
(4th day)
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for B hra/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeks, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hra/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeka, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hra/day, 5 days/week
for 14 weeka, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
rat, chronic inhalation exposure, AB-3
204 ppm for 8 hra/day, 5 daya/week
for 14 weeka, trichloroethanol in
urine measured weekly
human, 500 ppm, inhalation exposure, AB-6
6 1/2-7 hra/day, 5 daya
\
human, 500 ppm, inhalation exposure, AB-6
6 1/2-7 hrs/day, 5 days
human, 500 ppm, inhalation exposure, AB-6
6 1/2-7 hra/day, 5 days
human, 500 ppm, inhalation exposure, AB-6
6 1/2-7 hrs/day, 5 days
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(tricbloroacetic acid, cont.)
18.0 mg/24 hra
(6th day after
last exposure)
17.5 rog/24 hra
(12th day
after last
exposure
0.6 mg/L
#<4.3 ppm
exposure)
2.4 mg/L
(24.6 ppm
exposure)
3.6 mg/L
(53.4 ppm
exposure)
0.5 mg/kg
body wt
(48 hrs)
0.5 mg/kg
body wt
(48 hrs)
human, 500 ppm, inhalation exposure, AB-6
6 1/2-7 hrs/day, 5 days
human, 500 ppm, inhalation exposure, AB-6
6 1/2-7 hrs/day, 5 days
human, occupational inhalation ex- AB-7
posure to 4,3, 24.6, or 53.4 ppm for
8 hra/day, 5 1/2 days/week, for at
least 5 years
human, occupational inhalation ex- AB-7
posure to 4,3, 24.6, or 53.4 ppm for
8 hrs/day, 5 1/2 days/week, for at
least 5 yeara
human, occupational inhalation ex- AB-7
posure to 4.3, 24.6, or 53.4 ppm for
8 hrs/day, 5 1/2 days/week, for at
least 5 yeara
rat, 200 ppm inhalation exposure, 8 AB-2
hours
rat, 2.78 mmol/kg, i.p.
AB-2
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroacetic acid, cont.)
0.3 mg/kg
body vt
(2nd 48-)
hr period)
3.2 ug
(24 hrs)
8.1 ug
(2nd 24-)
hr period)
9.5 ug
(24 hra)
10.6 ug
(2nd 24-
hr period)
7.5 ug
(3rd 24-
hr period)
12-20 ug
(daily
average)
rat, 2.78 omol/kg, i.p.
AB-2
rat, 221 ppm inhalation exposure, AB-3
4 hra
rat, 221 ppm inhalation exposure, AB-3
4 hrs
rat, 443 ppm inhalation exposure, AB-3
4 hours
rat, 443 ppm inhalation exposure, AB-3
4 hours
rat, 443 ppm inhalation exposure, AB-3
4 hours
rat, 204 ppm inhalation exposure, AB-3
8 hrs/day, 5 daya/week, for
14 weeks
-------
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolite conjugates:
12>C- activity,
primarily
2,2,2-trichloroethanol
-2-C*4 glucuronide
Other!
38Cl-activity
^C-activity
44X
0.851
(24 hrs)
0.02%
(25 hrs)
rat, 700 rag 1,1,1-trichloroethane AB-1
-1—C" per kg, i.p.
human, 5 rag 38Cl-l,1,1-trichloro- AB-4
ethane, inhalation (single breath)
rat. 700 mg 1,1,1-trichloroethane-
l-C*'* per kg, i.p.
AB-1
-------
1,1, 2-TBICHLOROETHANE
b c
CHOII « - CIlCl CHCI — : --- »
d « e *
CHO-CH(C1 --_—-* aiO'CHj
t 1 ••'"'
;i>"
Hoac CHj-s-cnk-cii|:VH t-cooH
a) 3,2-dichloroethanol
b) 1,1,2-trichloroethane
c) S-(J,2-dichloroethyl)-glutathio(ie
d) chloroacetaldehyde
e) S-formylmethylglutathione
f) chloroacetic acid
g) S-carboxymethylglutathlone
h) 3-carboxymethylcyateine
i) thlodiaceclc acid
arrows indicate tha suggested routes
and the dotted arrows the alternatives.
Metabolic fate of 1, 1,2-trtchloroethane. (From ref. AC-1)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Parent compound: approx. 6.4-
"•8*
(3 days)
Half-life of parent compound! No data No data
Metaboli teat
Uc°2 appro*. 9.6-
13. 2Z
(3 days)
..No data
mouse, 0.1-0.2 g 14C-1,1,2-
trichloroethane per kg, i.p.
V
mouse, 0.1-0.2 g ^C-1,1,2-
trichloroethane per kg, i.p.
AC-1
AC-1
-------
1,1,2-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
tri chloroethanol
co
^-4
-P-
2,2,2-trichloroethanol
2,2, -di ch 1oroethanol
0.3 mg/kg,
body wt
(48 hrs from
start of ex-
posure)
0.2 mg/kg
body wt
(48 hrs from
start of
exposure)
trace (2nd
48-hr
period
0.2Z of total
urinary
radiocativity;
equivalent to
about 0.16* of
14C-1,I,2-
trichloroethane dose
(3 days)
1.4Z of total
urinary
radiocativityj
equivalent to
about 1.121 of
"C-1,1,2-
trichloroethane dose
(3 daya)
rat, 200 ppm inhalation exposure, AC-2
8 hours
rat, 2.78 nmol/kg, i.p.
rat, 2.78 pmol/kg, i.p.
mouse, 0.1-0.2 g of I4C-1,1,2-
trichloroethane, i.p.
AC-2
AC-2
AC-1
mouse, 0.1-0.2 g of ^C-1,1,2-
trichloroethane, i.p.
AC-1
-------
1,1,2-Trichloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Bef.
Metabolites (cont.)
trichloroacetic acid
Ul
chloroacetic acid
0.3 mg/kg
body wt
(48 hra
from
atart of
exposure)
0.4 mg/kg
body wt
(48 hra)
0.3 mg/kg
body wt
(2nd 48-
hr period)
1.9X of total
urinary radio-
activity! equiv-
alent to about
1.52Z of ^c-
1,1,2-trichloro-
ethane dose
(3 daya)
16.Z of total
urinary radio-
activity) equiv-
alent to about
12.78* of l*C-
1,1,2-trichloro-
ethane doae
(3 daya)
rat, 200 ppm inhalation expoaure, AC-2
8 hours
rat, 2.78 mmol/kg, i.p.
rat, 2.78 muol/kg, i.p.
mouae, 0.1-0.2 g of
trichloroethane, i.p.
AC-2
AC-2
AC-1
mouae, 0.1-0.2 g of 1
trichloroethane, i.p.
AC-I
-------
1,1,2-Tricbloroethane (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Commenta
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
S-carboxymethyicysteine
conjugated S-carboxy-
methylcysteine
thiodiacetic acid
oxalic acid
38.% of total
urinary radio-
activity; equiv-
alent to about
30.36% of 14C-
1,1,2-trichloro-
ethane dose
(3 days)
5.X of total
urinary radio-
activity) equiv-
alent to about
4.01 of 1*0-
1,1,2-trichloro-
ethane dose
(3 days)
407 of total
urinary radioh
activityj equiv-
alent to about
31.96Z of 1*0-
1,1,2-trichloro-
ethane dose
(3 days)
0.4X of total
urinary radio-
activity; equiv-
alent to about
0.32* of ^C-
1,1,2-trichloro-
ethane dose
(3 days)
mouse, 0.1-0.2 g of l*C-1,1,2-
trichloroethane, i.p.
AC-1
mouse, 0.1-0.2 g of 1*0-1,1,2-
trichloroethane, i.p.
AC-1
mouse, 0.1-0.2 g of 1*0-1,1,2-
trichloroethane, i.p.
mouae, 0.1-0.2 g of 1*0-1,1,2-
trichloroethane, i.p.
AC-1
AC-1
-------
1,1,2-Tricoloroethane (continued)
Breach
Urine
Blood
Comments
Hef.
Other!
38Clradioactivity 2. 91 human, about 5 mg of 38Cl-l,l,2-
(l hr) tri chloroethane, inhaled in a single
breath
AC- 3
-------
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
(TCE)
CO
rRtCHLONOCTHYlCNC
OMIOC
mriMuoLCCUKu «CA»IX«C;EUC»I Mooucr
4 C H Of /
CI H ^^
' \ 1
CI-C-C-OM
i i
Cl H
CI *OH
f 1
CI-C -C-M
t 1
^-^ CI OM -v^^
MlXfO fWCTlO*
° SfS
^^*v^_ C*
^ 1
CI C
CI
a
. c"
OH
TfllCHLOWOCTHAMOL
C/fl-» 6tVCV#OHn IRlNSffftiS
CI M
H 0 1IIICMIO»0€IM»I«01.
* * CLUCUAOHIOt J
Proposed intermediary
metabolism of TCE. (AD-1)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comment a
Ref.
Parent compound:
27. 731 of
retained TCE
18. 6Z of
retained TCE
25.% of
inhaled TCE
concentrati on
19. % of
retained TCE
16.X of
retained TCE
human, male, inhalation exposure,
concentration of TCE not stated
AD- 8
human, female, inhalation exposure, AD-8
concentration of TCE not stated
human, 0.537 or 1.074 ppm inhalation, AD-7
for 30 rain., at rest
human, male, 27 ppm inhalation AD-5
exposure, 4 hours
human, male, 81 ppm inhalation AD-5
exposure, 4 hours
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Breach
Blood
Comments
Hef.
Parent compound (cont.)
CO
-J
13.X of
retained TCE
19.22 of
retained TCE
12.7X of
retained TCE
10X of
retained TCE
8Z of
retained TCE
72.IX
82.3X
. 8X
41.3 mgX
(i n blood
cellular
components)
human, male, 201 ppm inhalation AD-5
exposure, 4 hours
human, male, 320 ppm inhalation AD-4
exposure, 160 min
human, female, 320 ppm inhalation AD-4
exposure, 160 min
human, male, 70 or 140 ppm inhalation AD-6
exposure, with or without 100 W
workload, for 4 hours
human, male, 54 or 97 ppm AD-3
inhalation exposure, 8 hours
rat, 4.0 uCi of 3"ci-trichloro- AD-2
ethylene, by stomach tube
rat, 7.5 uCi of 38Cl-trichloro- AD-2
ethylene, by stomach tube
rat, 8.6 uCi of 38Cl-trichloro- AD-2
ethylene, by stomach tube
rat, 10 mg/L, inhalation (exposure AD-I
period not stated)
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Parent compound (cont.)
co
co
o
Half-life of parent compound! No data
Metabolites:
trichloroetHanoi
trace amount
Ho data
50Z total
amount excret-
ed (350 hre,
avg. )
45. 4X
(3 weeks)
32.11
(several
weeks)
48.6Z of
of retained
TCE (6 daya)
42.71 of
of,retained
TCE (6 days)
53.1Z
(100 hrs)
2.5 mgZ in
blood plasma
No data
rat, 10 mg/L, inhalation (exposure
period not stated)
calf, 3 or 12 g, oral dose, daily
for 4 or 5 days
AD-1
AD-14
and
AD-15
humans, male and female, 500-850
ug/L inhalation exposure for
5 hours
AD-9
AD-10
humans, male and female, 1042 ug/L
inhalation exposure for 0 hours
human, male, 54 or 97 ppra inhalation AD-3
exposure for 8 hours
human, male, 250-380 ppra inhalation
exposure, 160 minutes
AD-4
human, female, 250-380 ppra inhalation AD-4
exposure, 160 minutes
human, male, 170 ppm inhalation AD-11
exposure for 3 hours
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
Co
00
44X
(100 hrs)
46. IX
(16 or 21
days)
25.1 mg/L
(3 ppm
exposure)
24.9 mg/L
(5 ppm
exposure)
42.0 mg/L
(10 ppm
exposure)
77.3 mg/L
(25 ppra
exposure)
220.3 mg/L
(40 ppm
exposure)
human, male, 170 ppm inhalation AD-11
exposure for 7 hours (with a
1-hour break)
human, female, 1 mg/L inhalation AD-12
exposure for 5 hours
human, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hra/day, 6 days/week) to varioua
concentrations of TCE, specified
in parentheses
human, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to varioua
concentrations of TCE, specified
in parentheses
human, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified
in parentheses
human, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hra/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified
in parentheses
human, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 Iiia/Jay, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified
in parentheses
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
Breath
Urine
plood
Comments
Ref.
oo
to
256.7 mg/L
(45 ppm
exposure)
267.3 mg/L
(50 ppm
exposure)
307.7 mg/L
(60 ppm
exposure)
681.8 mg/L
(120 ppm
exposure)
973.1 rag/L
(175 ppm
exposure)
1.7 ug/ml
(1st exposure
day)
2.1 ug/ml
(2nd exposure
day)
human, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified
in parentheses
human, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified
in parentheses
human, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hra/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified
in parentheses
human, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified
in parentheses
human, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified
in parentheses
human, male, 50 ppra inhalation AD-16
exposure, 6 hrs/day for 5
days. Trichloroethanol level
was measured daily, nonglucuronized
fraction only. Figures represent
maximum levels attained.
human, male, 50 ppm inhalation AD-16
exposure, 6 hrs/day for 5
days. Trichloroethanol level
was measured daily, nonglucuronized
fraction only. Figures represent
maximum levels attained.
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Co
00
CO
2.2 ug/ml human, mule, 50 ppn inhalation . AD-16
(3rd exposure exposure, 6 hrs/day for 5
day) days. Trichloroethanol level
was measured daily, nonglucuronized
fraction only. Figures represent
maximum levels attained.
2.3 ug/rnl human, male, 50 ppm inhalation AD-16
(4th exposure exposure, 6 hrs/day for 5
day) days. Trichloroethanol level
was measured daily, nonglucuronized
fraction only. Figures represent
maximum levels attained.
2.3 ug/ml human, male, 50 ppm inhalation AD-16
(5th exposure exposure, 6 hrs/day for 5
day) days. Trichloroethanol level
was measured daily, nonglucuronized
fraction only. Figures represent
maximum levels attained.
1.28-2.85 ug/ml
(1st exposure
day)
1.44-2.91 ug/ml
(2nd exposure
day)
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 hra/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of Trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 hrs/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
to
oo
2.01-2.53 ug/ml
(3rd exposure
day)
1.57-2.58 ug/ml
(4th exposure
day)
1.97-2.87 tig/art
(5th exposure
day)
0.51-2.11 ug/ml
(iat day post-
exposure )
0.18-0.51 ug/ml
(2nd day post-
exposure)
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 lira/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 hrs/day
Cor 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 hrs/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-I7
inhalation exposure, 4 hrs/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 hrs/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
-------
Trlchloroethylena (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
U>
CO
C/l
0.03-0.27 ug/ml
(3rd day post-
exposure )
0.05-0.14 ug/ml
(4th day post-
exposure)
0.03-0.08 ug/ml
(5th day post-
exposure)
0.05 ug/ml
(6th day post-
exposure)
0.03 ug/ml
(7th day post-
exposure )
0.71-1.78 ug/ml
(immediately
after exposure)
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 hra/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 hrs/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 hra/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
humans, male and female, 48 ppu AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 hrs/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
humans, male and female, 48 ppm AD-17
inhalation exposure, 4 hrs/day
for 5 days. Blood levels of trichloroethanol
were determined daily during
and after exposure.
human, female, 40 or 44 ppm
inhalation exposure. Refer to
reference AD-17 for additional
details and data.
AD-17
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Metabolites (cent.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
Comments
Ref.
co
0.47-0.70 ug/ml
(24 hrs from
start of
exposure)
less than 0.12
ug/ml (96 hrs
from start of
exposure)
0.78-1.32 ug/ml
(immediately
after expsoure)
0.24-0.55
ug/ml
(24 hrs from
start of
exposure)
trace (96 hrs
from
start of
exposure)
2.0 ug/ml
(maximum
level attained
during exposure)
human, female, 40 or 44 ppm
inhalation exposure. Refer to
reference AD-17 for additional
details and data.
human, female, 40 or 44 ppm
inhalation exposure. Refer to
reference AD-17 for additional
details and data.
human, male, 40 or 44 ppm
inhalation exposure. Refer to
reference AD-17 for additional
details and data.
human, male, 40 or 44 ppm
inhalation exposure. Refer to
reference AD-17 for additional
details and data.
human, male, 40 or 44 ppm
inhalation exposure. Refer to
reference AD-17 for additional
details and data.
human, male, 50 ppm inhalation
exposure, 6 hours/day, 5 days
AD-17
AD-17
AD-17
AD-17
2.5 ug/mL human, male, inhalation
(maximum exposure, 12 mins/hrs, 6 hrs/
level attained day 5 daya
during exposure)
AD-17
AD-18
AD-18
-------
Tri cliloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroethanol, cont.)
CO
trichloracetic acid
15-20Z
(4 daya)
15X
10-15X
13-25X
19t, total
amount ex-
creted (387
hrs, avg.)
31.9*
(3 weeka)
17.7X
(several
weeka)
32.6X
(6 daya)
A3.91
(6 daya)
5.0 ug/al human, male, 100 ppm inhalation AD-18
(maximum level exposure, 6 hra/day, S daya
attained during
exposure)
dog, dose and method not stated AD-14
rat, oral administration, doae AD-14
not stated
rat, 38C1-TCE, doae not stated) AD-14
administered by stomach tube
caff, 3 or 12 g, oral, daily for AD-14
4 or S daya and
AD-15
humans, male and female, 500-850 AD-9
ug/L inhalation exposure for
8 hours
humans, male and female, Afi-10
1042 ug/L inhalation exposure
for 8 hours
humans, male, 54 or 97 ppm AD-3
inhalation exposure for 8 houra
humans, male, 250-380 ppm inhalation AD-4
exposure, 160 minutes
humans, female, 250-380 ppm
inhalation exposure, 160 minutes
AD-4
-------
Tricbloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont,)
(trichloroacetic acid, cont.)
U>
oo
00
21.9%
(100 hrs)
18.1Z
(100 hrs)
30.1Z
(16 or 21
days)
12.7 mg/L
(3 ppra
exposure)
20.2 rag/1.
(5 ppre
exposure)
17.6 mg/L
(10 ppm
exposure)
77.2 mg/L
(25 ppra
exposure)
human a, male, 170 ppm inhalation AD-11
exposure for 3 hours
humans, male, 170 ppm inhalation AD-11
.exposure for 7 hours (with a
1-hour break)
humans, female, 1 mg/L AD-12
inhalation exposure for 5 hours
humans, male, occupational exposure AD-I 3
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humane, aiaSeB occypatioGiaS exposure
(8 hra/
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroacetic acid, cont.)
CO
Oo
90.6 mg/L
(40 ppm
exposure)
138.4 mg/L
(45 ppm
expoaure)
146.4 mg/L
(50 ppro
expoaure)
155.4 mg/L
(60 ppm
expoaure)
230.1 mg/L
(120 ppm
exposure)
235.8 mg/L
(175 ppm
expoaure)
humana , male, occupational expoaure AD-13
(8 hra/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humana, male, occupational expoaure AD-13
(8 hra/day, 6 days/week) to varioua
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humans, male, occupational expoaure AD-13
(8 hra/day, 6 days/week) to varioua
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humana, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humans, male, occupational expoaure AD-13
(8 hra/day, 6 days/week) to varioua
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humans, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(6 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to varioua
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(tri cliloroaceti c acid, cont.)
vo
O
17 ug/ml
(1st exposure
day)
30 ug/ml
(2nd exposure
day)
38 og/ml
(3rd exposure
day)
45 ug/ml
(4th exposure
day)
52 ug/ml
(5th exposure
day)
2.4 mg/100 ml
of plasma
(3rd day
post-exposure)
0.5 mg/100 ml
of red cell
mass (3rd day
post-exposure)
humans, male, 50 ppm inhalation AD-16
exposure, 6 hours/day for 5 days.
Figures represent maximum levels
attained daily in plasma.
humans, male, 50 ppm inhalation AD-16
exposure, 6 hours/day for 5 days.
Figures represent maximum levels
attained daily in plasma.
humans, male, 50 ppm inhalation AD-16
exposure, 6 hours/day for 5 days.
Figures represent maximum levels
attained daily in plasma.
humans, male, 50 ppm inhalation AD-16
exposure, 6 hours/day for 5 days.
Figures represent maximum levels
attained daily in plasma.
humans, male, 50 ppm inhalation AD-16
exposure, 6 hours/day for 5 days.
Figures represent maximum levels
attained daily in plasma.
humans, male and female, AD-20
1042 ug/L inhalation exposure
for 5 hours
humans, male and female, AD-20
1042 ug/L inhalation exposure
for 5 hours
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(trichloroacetic acid, cont.)
monochloroacetic acid
total trichloro-compounds
5-8Z
(4 days)
4Z
total amount
excreted (112
bra. av g.)
39.4 rog/L
(3 ppm
exposure)
45.6 mg/L
(5 ppm
exposure)
60.5 mg/L
(10 ppm
exposure)
dog, doae and method not stated AD-14
rat, inhalation exposure, dose not AD-14
stated
calf, 3 or 12 g, oral dose, daily
for 4 or 5 days
humans, male, occupational exposure
(8 lira/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentration;) of TCE, specified in
parentheses
AD-14
and
AD-15
humans, male and female, 500-850 AD-9
ug/L inhalation exposure for 0
hours
humans, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 lira/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humans, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 lira/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
AD-13
-------
Trichloroethylene (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Metabolites (cont.)
(total trichloro-compounds,
cont.)
VD
to
16/1.3 mg/L
(25 ppra
exposure)
324.9 mg/L
(40 ppra
exposure)
399.0 rag/I,
(45 ppra
exposure)
418.9 rag/L
(50 ppm
exposure)
468.0 mg/L
(60 ppm
exposure)
915.3 mg/L
(120 ppm
exposure)
humans, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humans, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humans, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humans', male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humans, male, occupational exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
humans, male, occupational- exposure AD-13
(8 hrs/day, 6 days/week) to various
concentrations of TCE, specified in
parentheses
-------
Trichloroetliylene (continued)
Breach
Urine
Blood
Comments
Ref.
Half-life of metabolites!
trichloroethanol
trichloroacetic acid
Co
vr>
CO
monochloroacetic acid
24 hours
in 1st phase
of excretion
(first 3-4 days)
40 hours
in 2nd phase
of excretion
(second 7-9 days)
50 hours
in 1st phase
of excretion
(first 5 days)
70 hours
in 2nd phase
of excretion
(second 14 daya)
15 hours
(total period
of excretion
waa 112 hours,
avg. )
humans, male and female, 500-850 AD-9
ug/L inhalation exposure for
8 hours
humans, male and female, 500-850 AD-9
ug/L inhalation exposure for
8 hours
humans, male and female, 500-850 AD-9
ug/L inhalation exposure for
8 hours
humans, male and female, 500-850 AD-9
ug/L inhalation exposure for
8 hours
humans, male and female, 500-850 AD-9
ug/L inhalation exposure for
8 hours
Metabolite conjugates:
No data
No data
No data
-------
References for Appendix
A and B
394
-------
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400
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401
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402
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403
-------
Table B-2. METABOLISM SUMMARIES FOR SOME PESTICIDES TO BE
MONITORED IN THIS STUDY
.404
-------
R2CHCC13
R2CHCHC1
DDT
R2CHCHC12-
ODD
I (TD2)
DDE
R CI1CI10
DDA
"Metabolism of Pesticides", C. M. Menzie, USDI, Special Scientific Report — Wildlife No. 127, July 1969.
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Reference
o
Ul
Parent compound
In humans, environmentally
exposed
DDE + DDT = 95% in fat
5% in all other
tissues
BA-1
Half-life of
parent compound No Data
No Data
No Data
-------
-p-
o
DDT (continued)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Reference
Metabolites:
DDE
DDA (free
or conjugate
ODD
Present
Tissue
Feces, bile of
mammals
Feces of mammals
Tissue, Feces
of mammals
BA-2
BA-2
BA-3
-------
Atrazine
HNXr/VH %^7xV •"
2 * \t lp^ ^Et
Deisopropylatrazine Atrazine
Breath Urine Blood
Parent Major
Half-life of <24 hr
parent compound
Metabolites:
All (including
parent <0.1 65.5 No Data
Diethylatrazlne Minor
Deethylatrazine Major
Deisopropylatrazine Minor
N'^NX^NH0
/ 2
i-.pr
Deethylatrazine
Comments Reference
Pig BE-1
Pig
BE-1
Feces = 20.3% rat, total
excretion to 72 hr-post
dose BE-2
Pig (with respect to
parent) BE-1
Rat BE-1, BE-3
Rat BE-1, BE-3
-------
Aldrin
Conjugates
Aldrin
Dieldrin
6,7-trans-dihydroxy-
dihydroaldrin
(aldrindiol)
Breath
Urine
Blood
Comments
Reference
o
00
Parent
Half-life of
parent compound
Metabolites:
All
Dieldrin
Aldrindiol
Aldrindiol
Aldrindiol diacetal
Dieldrin
No Data
No Data
No Data
No Data
43% I
3%
14%
Observed only 3-4
weeks post-dose
No Data
No Data
Readily Metabolized
in mammals, Poultry
99.5% found in all
excretion modes
Major Metabolites in
most studies
Rats, intravenous
injection
BC-1
BC-2
BC-1
BC-1
BC-1
BC-1
BC-1
-------
Dleldrln
o
Cl JC1
Cl "*tf
ci-^T >
-------
Heptachlor
\ / N ^
\JX /)
ci -r~"{ y— "
/ss^ci ci
Cl
Heptachlor
Breath Urine Blood
Parent 000
Half-life of
parent compound
Metabolites:
Heptachlor expoxide No Data No Data No Data
/j r^
f\JS
r^
Cl
Heptachlor epoxide
Continents
All metabolized
All metabolized in
144 hr in rabbits
Only metabolites in
animals , flies ,
plants, and soil
Reference
BB-1
BB-1
BB-1
-------
References
BA-1 Shaper, M. L. and J. E. Campbell, Distribution of Pesticide Residues
in Human Body Tissues from Montgomery County, OH, in "Organic Pesti-
cides in the Environment", by A. H. Rosen and H. F. Kraybill,
Advances in Chemistry Series, No. 60, American Chemical Society,
Washington, pp. 89-98, 1966.
BA-2 Matsumura, F. , "Toxicology of Insecticides", Plenum Press, New
York, 1975.
BA-3 Menzie, C. M., "Metabolism of Pesticides", Dept. Interior, Bureau
of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife Special Scientific Report No. 127,
July, 1969.
BB-1 Menzie, C. M. , "Metabolism of Pesticides", Dept. Interior, Bureau
of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife Special Scientific Report No. 127,
July, 1969.
BC-1 Menzie, C. M., "Metabolism of Pesticides", Dept. Interior, Bureau
of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife Special Scientific Report No. 127,
July, 1969.
BC-2 Matsumura, F. , "Toxicology of Insecticides1', Plenum Press, New
York, 1975.
BD-1 Menzie, C. M. , "Metabolism of Pesticides", Dept. Interior, Bureau
of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife Special Scientific Report No. 127,
July, 1969.
BD-2 Shaper, M. L. and J. E. Campbell, Distribution of Pesticide Resi-
' dues in Human Body Tissues from Montgomery County, OH, in "Organic
Pesticides in the Environment", by A. H. Rosen and H. F. Kraybill,
Advances in Chemistry Series, No. 60, American Chemical Society,
Washington, pp. 89-98, 1966.
BE-1 Erickson, M. D., "Studies in Analytical Chemistry", Ph.D. Thesis,
Univ. Iowa, Iowa City, 1976.
BE-2 Bakke, J. E., J. D. Larson and L. E. Price, J. Agr. Food Chem.,
16, 698 (1968).
BE-3 Larson, G. L. and J. E. Bakke, J. Agr. Food Chem., 23, 388 (1975).
411
-------
APPENDIX C
Wind Roses for.Study Sites
Note:
The length of each line indicates the frequency of wind from this"
direction. The width corresponds to the wind velocity. From narrow-
to wide, the division are: 1-3 kts, 4-6 kts, 7-10 kts, 11-16 kts,
17-21 kts and > 22 kts.
412
-------
N
3. ex
-*.
3.3X
O .EX
H.e>
3 .ex
3.3*
2. e*
«. a>
e.
Q .
1 0
i i i
SCALE CJO
Figure Cl. Wind rose for Baton Rouge, LA.
-------
N
. 4X
! !
7 .
0 10
f i i i i i t t i i f
SCALE:
Figure C2. Wind rose for Newark, NJ.
-------
-p-
H
Ln
N
e.
S . 7*
7. EX
10.2X
6.
3.BX
3. IX
r
2.6*
v
J^.
V
3.3X
t j « i i i t i
SCALE:
Figure C3. Wind rose for McGuire AFB, Writestown, NJ.
-------
N
4. ex
3. ex
. ex
3. ex
3. 7X
S. 7X
12. 7
Ov
I6.2X
4.0X
5.3X
3. 0X
2.6X
3. 7X
9. ex
e.sx
9. 2
O 10
I I I I I I I I I I I
SCALE cx:>
Figure C4. Wind rose for Buffalo,
NY.
-------
TXT
o .ax
s. \x
A .OX
4 .
\ \ .ex
Q.4X
0 t
I i ; I I I I I I I i
SCALE
Figure C5. Wind rose for Greensboro, NC.
-------
N
7.7* s-i*3.ex5-
9 .
e.ax
5.7X
1 2 . SX -=C3| 4
*1
y i.sx
1 .7X
s.ex
0
SCALE CJO
Figure C6. Wind rose for Winston-Salem, NC.
-------
7. ex
N
4. 0X
4.7X
2.2X
-4. 4X
3. 7X
6.9X
6.4X
6.7X
Q. IX
12.8X
i iii t i t i i i
SCALE C*O
Figure C7. Wind rose for Houston (Ellington AFB), TX.
-------
9.4X
N
B.6X
G.7X
6. OX
10. ax
I I I I I I I I I I I
SCALE
Figure C8. Wind rose for Houston Intercontinental, TX.
-------
0. -4X
N
E.esx
B. IX
3.S2X
-*. ax
7. ax
12 .7*
I i ii i i lift;
SCALE cJo
Figure C9. Wind rose for Houston (Hobby), TX.
-------
APPENDIX D
Population Density Maps for Potential Study Sites
422
-------
otit tt-nua~-rm
PLOT CEMTER IS «T«
LATITUDE 39.4954
LONGITUDE 31.1831
N)
CO
RAD I
Fro*
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
JUADRANT
Jaclor
1
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
•9
10
11
12
13
14
IS
16
1 P<
To Ui
O.SO
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
5.00
TOTALS 1
Population
20432.
10170.
8268.
9796.
5677.
26.
0.
<&.
1853.
141.
3490.
4936.
31373.
25831.
21320.
16342.
3PULATIOH
ItHlA Ding
t.
2.
3757.
19087.
12995.
22185.
32940.
22109.
47182.
CUMUlfttlv*
0.
2.
3753.
82846.
3S841.
S8026.
90966.
113075.
160257.
HUES
v.«\_
.
*.S_
I.*—
1 .5
3479
Orel* Sti*
• Population
6
\
...s rt 1;. ...
• — *o —
4
O
/
a
O . !
\
o o
j
I*
I
E
P §0d
S.0.
H»p by Conput«r Hipping Stift
Dlv.
Figure D-l. Population density map for the area surrounding Allied, North, Baton Rouge, LA.
-------
.p-
K3
flAP CREATED OHi ll-AUO-78 ftT> il»«3»31
THE PLOT CENTER IS ATI
LATITUDE 30.4742
LONGITUDE 91.1870
RADII
From
To
POPULATION
Ulihin Ring
Cvnutatlv«
0.00
0.50
i.e0
1.50
2.00
8.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
9.50
1.00
1.50
a. 00
8.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
5.00
75.
1300.
7376,
13991.
88717.
30853.
89618.
86174.
43724.
75.
1375.
8751.
E2743.
51459.
83312.
111930.
138104.
180928.
QUADRANT TOTALS I
Sector Population
1 16261.
8 84909.
3 10481.
13446.
6588.
9.
770.
1865.
189.
8660.
3068.
8922.
34176.
81928.
5
6
7
8
9
ie
n
la
13
14
is
16
83547.
18018.
• Population 5(4
'
i /
9 • ^^^^^gam^J**^***^*•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••A*****
\
Hap by Co«pul«r flapping Staff | Cen*u» Bvraav, Geography Dlv.
Figure D-2. Population density map for the area surrounding Allied, South, Baton Rouge, LA.
-------
•HE PLOT CENTER IS «T«
.ATITUDE 30.4960
.OMQITUOC 91.1814
Ln
RADII POPULATION
Fro* To UltKln Ring
0.00
i!00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
3.50 ' 4.00
4.00 5.00
tUADRANT TOTALSI
factor Population
1 17826.
2
3
4
S
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
9813.
9H6.
8232.
9099.
68.
0.
0.
1853.
923.
5776.
9422.
26982.
29868,
17947.
13184.
2.
2472.
6453.
I980«.
17936.
25132.
25906.
27514.
34924.
Cumulative
2.
2474.
8927.
28727.
46663.
71795.
97701.
125215.
160139.
Clrcl* Sit* • Population S 1 4
f V 0 /
* '
6 3
. ° 00;
0
«ar 9
O O /-^ t
. QOO o • |
QOO 0U
poYCJ >
\ J^~T^ n f ) Or
" — v^ ~ o-^-v
: (i/'"">\ v-<(i
tf
HUES
ft-Q -.,
"'** r
rtCN-^ \-S /I y^. *
111 /*^ OV f^^^ff
\j f¥^/^^r^~^'^COJ~"^
O O ^•xv j s~\ ^*"^
o +. R^a^fQ0
\fl v^ / .^^ Vw-' i
•i.*-Jn CCD^WO ^ 0 '
0 0 ^d^XVVi 0"
Population
870
1740
34
Hap by Conputcr Mapping
C«n*u» iur«tM, Q«Ofr«pKy Dlv.
Figure D-3. Population density map for the area surrounding Ethyl Corp., Baton Rouge, LA.
-------
HAP CPE ATE 9 ONI I1-AUG-7B ATI I1M6US
THE PLOT CENTER IS ft?«
LATITUDE 30.3179
LONGITUDE 91.2324
to
RAPI1
from To
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2-50
3.00
3.59
4.00
10.00
POPULATION
Ullhln Ring Cunul»llv«
0.
392.
1226.
1742.
2983.
3422.
8390.
- 2443.
66513.
0.
392.
1613.
3360.
6348.
9770.
12160.
14603.
161116.
Clrcl* £l«* • Population . I
\ *•
QUADRANT TOTALSI
Soctor Population
1
8
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
IS
16
1232.
8803.
43295.
24196.
1423.
2369.
827.
e.
o.
1191.
442.
8347.
4259.
3135.
0.
1597.
HUES
n
0
0
°
'O
O
4-°
n
O
O
Population
leci
2i2a
/
O
o\
n
1*
/ Q,
•.*.•**•*....*•••*•••»*•**,» .---••--••»«•-. *f"d** •»••-•••»"• ••••••^j^j*
flap bt| CoMpuivr Happlnj Staff | Can
Can«u* Buratu, GeogrtpKy Dtv.
Figure D-4. Population density map for the area surrounding Dow Chemical, Plaquemine, LA.
-------
IMP CREATED ON* Il-AUO-78 ATI It 144119
THE PLOT CENTEK IS
-ATITUDE 30.3679 '
.OHOITUDE 91.1817
RADII
from
• .00
oiso
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50 •
4.00
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
to
HJADRANT
Stctor
1
3
4
5
£
7
8
9
10
11
13
14
15
16
To
.SO
.00
.so
.00
.so
.00
.so
.00
.00
TOTALS i
POPULATION
Ulthln Ring
0.
863.
0.
0.
2026.
480.
3439.
4247.
33801.
<
Cumulative |
e.
863.
963.
863.
£389.
3369.
6868.
11055.
44856.
1
Population
Q
3044
6103
10977
1332
2359
7315
1736
442
0
625
4352
989
0
629
4
•
*
•
•
•
*
*
•
•
*
*
*
•
•
HUES
A A
^r
1
1
£
2
3
3
4
— .
.0 —
.s__
• 0_
• 5_^.
•0__ .
• S__
.o_^.
!
{
I
•
;
1
!
i
•Mri
1
_l
1
-H
—a
4
•Mrt
1
— {
1
(
i
3394
!•.*_
Clrcla Slt« • Population
•.
\
o
O
1ft
O
\
ti
14
Mtp i>u Computer (1»pplng Stall
tffl [
13
\
Census Bura*u, GaograpKy Dlv.
Figure D-5. Population density map for the area surrounding Hercules, Inc., Plaquemine, LA.
-------
N3
CO
4AP CREATCD ON? Si-Al>a-78 ATI 1U34H83
FHE PLOT CiNTER IS
lATJTUDE 30.2449
_OIIQ1TUDE 91.9980
RADII POPULATION
Pros ?JLy /
6 ^-r) 3
N 0 oo o ,
7 A
^ 2
. °
rjTO^ v.y /^\
g^^\ ^^*—r-t^
i ^ r^
4- ^>L-
3195. J'J ! O
1340. ;•• 1 v-f /-^
S<1' 2 ~"~"3 /'-N I J '*
985! 3-«L j () \J ^ ^^"^
1750. 3.» | N-/ O
v M
! / O. o \
19. « I. *A Id •-
Hap bg Computer Happing Staff | Camus Bureau, Geography Olv.
Figure D-6. Population density map for the area surrounding Ciba-Geigy, St. Gabriel, LA.
-------
AT a tot
THE PLOT CENTER IS ATI
IATITUDC 40.6520
LONGlTUt-C 74.
RADII POPULATION <
From To Ulthln Ring Cumulative* |
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
3.00
3.50
3.00
3.50
0.50
1 .00
1.50
3.00
3.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
640. 640.
BS3«>8. 35943.
46586. 73534.
40677. 113311. i
39343. 153454.
36596. 189&50. i
47577. 336637.
44813. 331440.
4.00 ' 5.00 204097. 485537.
QUADRANT TOTALS*
Sector
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
to
11
13
13
14
15
16
Population
.463.
4.
38676.
63139.
13669.
13046.
9403.
30134.
33139.
16137.
43881.
31471.
41379.
40553.
490B6.
S4471.
d
MILES i
i
1
&.S j
1.0 j
«.s
e.e
a.?
3.0
Population
»™3 0 3.5
3405 ft
S~\ 4.6 1
68161
Circle Slxe • Popu(»ti->n c I 4
\
5.«L
10
/ O O ^ © OrWp °
°0 0(g^^M
/ 40. OO ta
.....*..**.-............*..*».*.*....... ft^-.........*| WW.V4T...U. ................. ^ — ..... ,
tt»p by Cowpulcr Flipping Sltlf | Conjuft lura«u, Q«ogr«pliy Olv.
Figure D-7. Population density map for the area surrounding White Chemical Co., Bayonne, NJ.
-------
CREATED OH« li-miG-78
THE PLOT CEIJTER IS ATI
MTJTUPE 40.8318
LOHOITUPE 74.1297
RADII
Frv»i To
9.99
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2 • 50
3.00
3.50
4.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3. 00
3.50
s!0o
POPULATION
i'ilhln Ring
2220.
17306.
38393.
59361.
698B2.
73379.
8394S.
88739.
179616.
Cunulatlve
2220.
I9S26.
57918.
117279.
183161.
E56540.
3404S8.
429227,
$93843.
Circle Slsa • Population c I
QUADRANT TOTALS*
Sector Population
I 22745.
8
3
S
6
7
8
9
se
II
12
13
H
15
16
50639.
62377.
€5419.
27117.
24969.
28965.
46625.
69742.
79933.
50914.
15996.
£578.
17103.
4889.
Population
2037
4973
BUS
I
\
oa
O o o o Q
°0°°oct> £
j °
j O oQcO
i o°o0o
8 ^o0^0
Conpvlwr Napping
•cc
^•o
1
b
3
~ 1
«^*^
o% 15
\
14
, ...... \ „
Div.
Figure D-8. Population density map for the area surrounding Givaudan Corp., Clifton, NJ.
-------
THE
frCt'lCO O»H JI-/»UC-V3
PLOT CENTER IS fit •
-ttf.£J3?
74.2139
ATI «9S«37I2J
PAOI
Froa
9.99
9.59
1.99
1.59
£.99
2.59
3.99
3.59
4.99
1UADRANT
Sector
1
2
3
4
5
£
7
8
9
19
11
12
13
14
15
16
I POPULATION
To Uithin Ring Comula
9.59 267. 267.
1.99 9. 267.
1.59 4384. 4551.
3.09 6918. 19569.
2. 59 31775. 43344.
3.90 56586. 99939.
3.59 £6734. 165664.
4.99 66109. 231773.
5.90 151673. 393446.
TOTALS!
Population
49337.
13689.
13569.
51975.
59676.
37664.
38492.
26371.
23450.
21307.
15999.
13367.
2778.
£937.
3456.
£6692.
Population
I486 n
2973 Q
.-._>S
live
MILES
On
• ^taM
0.5_.
1««L.
l.5_^,
2 A
•"_•
e.s_
3.0_.
3.*
J --r*
4.0_^
S945*
5.0
Ctrele Sis® • F-^pulaiScn c ^t-^ _4
!cP!>~ SQP
• x~\0
igo5-
J0°
0^,
o
o
! o °n°~ O
* oo00 (
CO o
/ o o
o
-------
1«P CREflTED OH» Ii-flUG-78 ATI ffl9H-i!04
THE PLOT CENTER !S AT«
IfiTJTUl'E 40.7136
IGNGJTUbE 74.H46
PAD I!
Prow To
o.eo
0.50
1.00
J.S0
e.eo
a. 50
3.00
3.5fl
4.00
0.50
1.00
1. 50
8.00
a. 50
3.00
3.50
4.00
S.00
POPULATION
Uitnin Ring Cvnvlative
1803. 1808.
82120. 23932.
16600. 4P52a.
9S98. S0130.
51258. 101348.
99474. aoossa.
171574. 372396.
175946. 543342.
304796. 853138.
Circle Sis* • Popvlatlcn g 1 4
OUflDRftHT TOTrtLSl
Sector Population
1
2
3
4
5
€
7
8
9
10
11
18
13
14
IS
16
85560.
1365.
3520,
30236.
74985.
100918.
181592.
141621.
73344,
36473.
12578.
40.
37545.;
89870.
89141.
74450,
Population
17*3
681*
5.0.
H»p by Computer flopping Staff | Census Bureau, Geography Dlv
Figure D-10. Population density map for the area surrounding Prentiss Drug and Chem. Co., Newark, NJ.
-------
Ptor cctircK is
UDf 40.7166
LONGITUDE 74.1440
RADII
Fr«»
To
POPULATION
lathi* Ring
Circle Six* • Populttifrn
0.00
o.so
1.00
l.SO
2.00
2.50
3.00
3. SO
4.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
5.00
1B02.
22120.
16600.
9598.
45926.
105299.
170609.
178860.
305760.
1802.
23922.
40522.
50120.
96046.
£01345.
371954.
S50814.
656514.
QUADRANT TOTALS"
S«ctor .Population
2
3
4
5
fi
7
ff
0
10
II
12
13
H
IS
Ifi
'8685-1.
3118.
IOSS.
30129.
164551.
I158S2.
HB770.
73244.
36473.
12578.
40.
39194.
2B221.
33413.
70178.
681C
5.0
M»p by Computar flipping Staff
Ceniui Buraku, G«oyr*pKy Dl%/.
Figure D-ll. Population density map for the area surrounding Troy Chem. Co., Newark, NJ.
-------
IrtP CPEAtED
'HE
I9-AUQ-78 AT«
PtOT CENTER IS AT*
40.7f06
.OflCITUDE 7
RADII
To
POPULATION
Ulihln Ring
Cuautvtiv*
Circle
0.50
1.00
50
50
00
.00
50
00
50
00
.00
.00
II.
0.
608.
11898.
6S484.
I0S452.
HUSO.
189177.
303656.
•UftDRANT TOTfllft
(•clor Population
8
3
5
6
7
8
9
te
11
la
13
H
15
16
18469.
3308.
29304.
48331.
62257.
97884.
95367.
56407.
42.
5933.
€5815.
64B49.
83631 .
79795.
It.
11.
€19.
12517,
76001.
1334S3.
324633.
S13810.
B17466.
Population
1703 o
3405 Q
681»
1 ./. .,
H»p by Coapvlar flipping Sl«ff
C«niuj Bureau, G*ogr«ph|; Olv.
Figure D-12. Population density map for the area surrounding Standard Chlorine Chem. Co., Kearney, NJ.
-------
fM£ PLOT CCIITCP IS <»T«
-ATITU&E 40.6302
.OMGITUDE 74.0887
LO
Ln
PADI
Fro*
4.00
0.50
1.00
1.5d
e.e0
a.s&
3.60
3.50
4.60
1U ADR ANT
Sector
i
2
3
4
5
£
7
8 *
9
16
11
12
13
14
IS
16
I POPULATION
To Ultktn Ring
d.50 936.
1.00 1S134.
1.50 20639.
2.00 23069.
2.S0 32201.
3.00 67054.
3.50 61870.
4.00 83194.
5.00 265763.
TOTALSl
Population
20941.
37094.
22749.
46004.
44036.
68666.
59640.
3301S.
47096.
62521.
£9757.
120.
2261.
25171.
41843.
E89S3.
Cu*ul*llv«
936.
16070.
36699.
59788.
91989.
159043.
22Q913.
304107.
56987S.
,
NILE
«.A
* *«
0-5.
I.OL
1.5
Clrcl
Population
1182
8364
M»p by Computar flapping
Consul Bureau, Geogrkphy Olv.
Figure D-13. Population density map for the area surrounding UOP, East Rutherford, NJ.
-------
U)
27.01
tteatfield
own
NIAGARA
Figure D-14. Census tract map for the portion o£ Niagara Falls, HY, surrounding "Old Love" Canal.
-------
Table D-l. CENSUS DATA FOR TRACTS SHOWN IN FIGURE D-14
ToWtl Clonictirutiu *l Howling Unhi tni Populotwa, bf ll«ki:'.1970-Con.
T, H.T.
•t«c*t
WMufl
Imrti
s —
^•TIT
SEE
jtr ^
... .„
*"
.
, . 4.
u tjoaa
I U WRD
U iuao
. U IfHB
. • >• wa
S :
'y it '"
T il »<4
_. JJt IU
. JA n
^ u '
.. 4* n-
* U toJ
. U ••
": w M
• •
1 —1? M
: B I
Ti
• . u tnm
H _ S «.
• .41 !••
« - U >M>
• u tn»
• . C u»
'
HOa STATISTICS
ItfTALO
ItU
Reproduced from
best available copy.
-437
-------
HAP CREATED ONI H-AUO-7S AT( IH28I07
THE PLOT CENTER IS «T«
LATITUDE 29.7010
LONGITUC-E 95.2564
LO
CD
RADII
Fro« To
9.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
£.00
a. 50
3.00
3.50
4.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
a. 00
a. 50
3.00
3.50
4.00
5.00
POPULATION
Ulthln Ring Cuawtatav*
0.
5689.
15055.
18108.
22030.
43830.
39264.
39805.
103895.
0.
6689.
£0744.
36846.
60976.
104706.
133970.
173775.
877670.
Circle Sis* • Population . I 4
OUADRAHT TOTALSI
Sector Population
1 17599.
a 94.
, 3 £263.
4 18104.
' 5 13485.
6 16143.
7 ESSia.
8 ' 80734.
, 9 19669.
10 85414.
II 10191.
12 11393.
13 158B8.
14 20198.
IS 85283.
16 28701,
o
QrCCboo
j - » °DO C
: _ / *^A 13-.
\
^4 i
i
H»p by Computer (lapping Staff
Census Bureau, Geography Dlv.
Figure D-15. Population density map for the area surrounding Petrotex, Houston, TX.
-------
>-7«
"HE PLOT CCHTER IS
.ATITUDC 39.7405
.OHGtTUDE 9S.1694
VO
RADII POPULATION
From To Uitkln King Cui»ul«Uv«
o.ee
o.se
i.eo
i.se
e.ce
2.se
3.00 '
3.50
4.«0
UJADRANT
factor
1
2
3
4
S
6
7.
8
9
40
11
d2
113
14
15
16
0.50
i.eo
l.SO
2.00
2. SO
3.00
3. SO
4.00
S.«0
TOTALS l
Population
74.
3096.
4716.
7716.
9924.
S14S.
10699.
8380.
8279.
5705.
203S1.
24316.
19327.
1944.
0.
122.
e. e.
0. 0.
231. 281.
763. 934. '
8462. 0446.
21691, 31137.
25243. 56380.
27918. 8429B.
45496. 129794.
f
Eirela Sic* • Population S i 4
\ O /
6 3
0 0 ^ ' '
7 ° O O® O (J 2 . !
OoAnfP i
0 Vy©CJ^ 0 o0
.^1 J X^v V- r -» \J ^.l
/^*\/^vLj ^^ r) x^ i
l°l~I^ ^— ' ^^^ V-JL !
v^/ v_/ !
i
o !
HUES j O j
•*•« — OOoo o + [
%— r^—s*-' j
«.s j o^ .
O A
1-0 J . • 0
~1
I
1.* i
2. ft
"
oO° ^
_.^* x^ .^^ _.^
r»Qo r* r\ Q ^
2.5. — , O^HQ,Ty O l6
Wo" 36 1 ooOp, V) O
2358 A 3-s — i x o /MQ@O cr^ \ !
^^*Vy 4 $ ' ^"^ V X '
4716O ' j l! r>CP /~\ M i
B.o 1 / ,:r. ©3 \ : I
H.p b^ Cc.pul.r Happing
Consu» luretu, G«ogr»pK^ Dlv.
Figure D-16. Population density map for the area surrounding Ethyl Corp., Pasadena, TX.
-------
IAP CREATED ONI lt-AUO-78 ATI 69 t 17807
•HE PLOT CENTER IS
.ATITUDC 29.3569
.OflCITUDE 94.9417
RADII
from
59
00
50
60
50
POPULATION
Utthln Ring
Circle Sli* • Population
.50
.CO
,50
50
00
S0
lies.
2053.
5570.
13350.
5635.
16327.
3689.
5.00
TOTALSI
Sector Population
1 S92«.
Z 21387.
3 4876.
4 22325.
5 4047.
6 862.
7 422.
8 171.
2539.
1105.
3153.
6728.
22073.
27713.
52729.
S7471.
£0010.
Population
867
1735
3469
nuts jr)
e.o 1^--'
M»p by Co«put«r flapping SttH
1
Census Bureau* Geography DJ*'«
Figure D-17. Population density map for the area surrounding Gulf Chemical, Texas City, TX.
-------
MAP CPCftTCD OH» I1-AUO-7C AT* IJ«ES«3»
THE PLOT CENTER IS Alt
LATITUDE 29.3783
LONGITUDE 94.9444
RADII POPULATION
From To Ulthlh Ring
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50 .
4.00
QUADRANT
Sector
1
2
3
4
S
6
7
8*
9
10
la
14
15
16
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
S.OO
TOTALS 1
Population
4393.
11842.
6449.
5639.
852.
2£1.
3046.
13790.
6541.
4900.
1817.
422!
171.
0.
«.
3916.
S231.
5275.
16831.
8427.
10628.
1203.
S762.
Cumulative
«.
3916.
12147.
17422.
34253.
Clrcl* Sic* • Population i; 1 4
r v * / }
\ /
6 3 !
1
„ i
v * / i
4E680. x ' :
53308. •
54511. •» O 9 •
60273. 7 ^ 2 S
! 1
0 O /?lPo J
»^^ 11 A»— ^ /T^ 11 **^ \
i ^—^ *>~~s f\ ^-^ '
s** * /^\ 9O " I
£
MII rc
* A
r\ S~\ /^Y-* XV ° rS
0 O-o o 9°ft°°^5
0 X"^k ^1 1 S^*.f~\ ^^^ '
( 1 * ^^i^vJ^-^ | * . !
V_«X v^'^ *T" P
d'5 — i r^ ° Q noO i
l .ft A {_) \LS {-s tX
i n 1
1.5 1 0 U •
PODtlUtlOft
3469
0
,.
IS
11
\
M»p bg Computer Flapping Staff
Camus Bureau, Gaogrftphy Dlv.
Figure D-18. Population density map for the area surrounding Union Carbide, Texas City, TX.
-------
ONI SS-MJOl-78 ATI'
tm, PLOT CENTER IS ftfe
LATITUDE 2
.OH01TUDE
M
RADII
Fro«» To
9.00
0.50 .
1.00
1.50
e.oo
e.se
3.00
3.50.
4.00
JUADRANT
Sector
1
8
• 3
> 4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
18
13
14
15
16
0.50
1.00
1.50
a. 00
2.50
3.69
3.50
4.*0
5.00
TOTALSl
POPULATION ClreU Slie • Population c 1 .
WllKln Rl«fl CuauUtlve , .?.. 1 *
o. e.
13. 13.
0. 13.
8516. 2529.
1866. 4395.
5167. 9568.
8999. 18561.
7318. 19B73.
| .^06,
V /
1
i
1
^ /
0
1 « x~s. ^
80388. 40255. • X--X {J K
\ ^ U _O
Population S V^ ( \ s~\
1858.
18281.
1753.
1634.
4069.
33.
106.
«.
6942.
1955.
669.
1305.
5095.
1549.
593.
B.
i—> ^ ^^r\-^\j^
rv-x owrr/
i ^CL ^^Ov^
} Si MJ
A \J
I °
j
HUES J
ft-ft » _1_
I 1
<*-^ [ ^^^
!-°-HO o
t.s j ^^ ^^
a. ft
a.s
3.0
PODHUIiOM -—
«8 Q 3.5
1863 Q -"—"
2526 rS 4*9
V J
v — X
5.«___
- ° . ©O o
™ ^i«^ ^
O
\_X 0.
", ° 0 °. S
0
:i "
O .
L » ,. A
1
—
6
- •' frg- |"»« 10 •
I1»p by Computer (lapping Stiff | Cnnsus iur«*u. Geography Di>/.
Figure D-19. Population density map for the area surrounding DuPont, LaPorte, XX.
-------
rmr- COTC/tTCD OH* 1I-AUO-7B
THE PLOT CENTER IS AT*
LATITUDE 29.7196
LOHOlTUf'E OS.6870
ATf «1>17IIS
RADII POPULATION
from To Ulthlit Rlftfl
«.ee
e.se
i.0e
t.se
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00'
QUADRANT
Soclor
1
a
3
4
S
6
7
8-
9
10
11
12
13
14
IS
16
O.SO
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3. SO
4 .00
5.00
TOTALS l
PopuUtloM
1816.
1834.
4080.
911.
1364.
1935.
0.
57.
8833.
7639.
100B3.
968.
942.
1552.
taoa.
102.
0.
0.
0.
167.
59.
9849.
1008.
1481.
31380.
Circle Slia • P«pulattoit e 1 .
CuouUiiv* , -• : 5 1 »....?.
n
*.
0.
0.
167.
226.
10075.
\ . /
6 o *> O 3
X** f^.
\ o °0o /
11083. /^\
12564.
43944.
\^J n
v— /~>V 8
V.X 1
!
"^"^ • ^*'>
• |
I
j
I . 0
t
"iTLJ • Q
* * 3 i H i -4- *-
, • i i
l
— jh~ * i
i.a _ /PY ) »
3.0
Population
725
1450
£899
O
15
s.a
II
o
»
/
H»p by Computer Happing Slafl |
.\
lure»«i,
Figure D-20. Population density map for the area surrounding Upjohn, LaPorte, TX.
-------
MAP
JHE PLOT CCNTER IS ft? I
LATITUDE 29.7396
LONGITUDE 9S.U09
RADII
From To
• .00
9.50
i.ee
1.50
2.00
2. SO
3.00
3.50.
4.09
0.50
I.*S9
2.e0
2. 59
3.60
3.50
4-60
s.eo
POPULATION
Ulthln Riftf
e.
65.
95.
17.
1963.
7404.
7436.
8812.
37985.
Circle £!«• • Population - 1 <
CUHvUttvft t — " J* 1 ?.
es!
160.
177.
2140.
9544.
16979.
25782.
£3667.
QUADRANT TOTALS* |
5«ctor
1
£
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
18
13
14
15
16
Population
12.'
729,
2666.
7708.
2553.
3745.
64.
5912.
1B469.:
9590.
19033.
988.
967.
0.
102.
1
HUES
**•«••«
.
"»>__„_
v © o x
6 ^ 3 !
I
i i !
Q(P ^ ° ° X 1
^"" l~i t~) !
7 j-k O 2 j
1
i
—* ^
•
t
t
ji
•
|
: t
•
-|- >—
° !
i .U
l.» —* — H-^CJ ^^x O ^i
P«p«l«lton
1179
8358
"0
o
o
/
O
o
\
• ••..*. v. •_...•.......•..•.«...«.»... af 4^J^%.«« .•..•!.•. ».,... J ^.••••.»•.*.•«..••......«.•«...••«.•*••.•...
M»p by C<«pul«r flipping Staff | C«n3«f lur«*u, Googr»phtj Dlv.
Figure D-21. Population density map for the are'a surrounding Diamond Shamrock, Deer Park, TX.
-------
inr CttCMTCD ONI I1-AUO-7B
•HE PLOT CENTER IS ATI
.AT1TUDE 29.7305
.OHG1TUDE OS.t»95a
«T« II a IBIS*
Hf
from
o.eo
ft. SO
1.00
1.50
2.00
2 >SO
3.00
3.50
4.eo
kDII
0.59
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3. SO
.4.00
5.00
POPULATION
UiUln RlMg
0.
£5.
SS.
4.
171.
1964.
8765.
3475.
32674.
Cu.«UVlv.
0.
65.
120.
124.
29?.
E259.
11024.
14499.
47173.
Clrcl* Stt» • PopuUlton g I
JUADRANT TOTALS!
factor Poputttlon
956.
5837.
603.
329.
4898.
6186.
15.
57.
3571.
10632.
•4B43.
£989.
I
2
3
4
5
6
10
It:
12
14
IS
16
0
\
O
O
o
0
/
o °0o
O
O
894...
102.
0.
*
_l_
o
Population
1179
2358
!»
j
d>
16
i
M»p
^ O
" °
b\j CcMput^r napping 5l«l(
0
1
IS
X !
14 i
,a X
Cen*u* lur«»u, G«ogr»pKg Dlw.
Figure D-22. Population density map for the area'surrounding Rollins Environmental, Deer Park, TX.
-------
------- |