6EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Air and Radiation
(LVF)
402-B-92-001
March 1992
User's Guide for
CAP88-PC
Version 1.0
ll73GR91OnP
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402-B-92-001
USER'S GUIDE FOR CAP88-PC
VERSION 1.0
Prepared for the
U.S. Department of Energy
under Interagency Agreement
DE-AI01-90EH89071
Barry S. Parks
Health Physicist
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Radiation Programs
Las Vegas Facility
P.O. Box 98517 .'.-'
Las Vegas, NV 89193-8517
March 1992
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . viii
1 INTRODUCTION . . .1-1
1.1 BACKGROUND . 1-1
1.2 PURPOSE . . 1-1
1.3 MODEL SUMMARY 1-1
1.4 VERIFICATION 1-2
1.5 LIMITATIONS .. . 1-3
1.6 HARDWARE ENVIRONMENT 1-3
1.7 USER PROFILE 1-4
1.8 TYPOGRAPHIC CONVENTIONS . . . . . . 1-5
2 INSTALLING THE SYSTEM . 2-1
2.1 BEFORE INSTALLATION ; 2-1
2.1.1 Backups :..... 2-1
2.1.2 System Requirements 2-1
2.2 UNINSTALL EXISTING CAP88-PC 2-2
2.3 INSTALLATION . 2-3
2.4 REINSTALLATION OF POPULATION OR WIND FILES . . 2-4
2.4.1 Reinstalling Population Files . 2-4
2.4.2 Reinstalling Wind Files 2-4
3 SCREEN INTERFACE FEATURES 3-1
3.1 INTRODUCTION . . . . ....... 3-1
3.2 ON-SCREEN INSTRUCTIONS . 3-1
3.3 INVALID KEYS :. 3-1
3.4 SCREEN COMPONENTS ... . . 3-2
3.4.1 Menus 3-2
3.4.2 Dialogue Boxes . . . .3-4
3.4.3 Fields 3-4
4 PROGRAM OPERATION . 4-1
4.1 HOW TO EXECUTE CAP88-PC 4-1
4.2 MAIN MENU OPTIONS 4-1
4.2.1 Modify Dataset 4.4
4.2.2 Create Dataset ..-..' . 4-5.
4.2.3 Delete File(s) 4-6
4;2.4 Execute 4-7
4.2.5 Print Results 4-10
4.2.6 Select Colors 4-12
4.2.7 Quit . . 4-13
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4.3 DATA SELECTION/ENTRY SCREENS . . . 4-13
4.3.1 Facility Information . . . . . . 4-14
4.3.2 Run Information 4-14
4.3.3 Meteorological Data 4-18
4.3.4 Source Data ./...... 4-20
4.3.5 Agricultural Data ':'.".' 4-21
4.3.6 Radionuclide List . 4-23
4.3.7 Release Data . . .-.,.. 4-27
4.3.8 Size & Class Data 4-28
4.3.9 Quit Menu 4-29
4.4 EXECUTION ERRORS ... . . . .......... 4-30
4.4.1 Screen Interface . ... . . . 4-31
4.4.2 FORTRAN Programs . 4-36
4.4.3 What To Do If Errors Occur . . . . 4-38
5 DEFAULT FILE CHANGES . 5-1
5.1 PURPOSE OF DEFAULT FILE . . .... §-1
5.1.1 User Changeable Defaults 5-1
5,1.2 Permanent Defaults 5-1
5.2 CHANGEABLE DEFAULTS '..... 5-2
5.2.1 Variable Names and Descriptions .....' ,' 5-2
5.2.2 Changing Default Values ............... --. 5-4
5.2,3 Restoring DEFAULT.DAT Values 5-6
5.2.4 Alternative DEFAULT.DAT Files ..... . . 5-7
5.3 PERMANENT DEFAULTS ... 5-7
6 SAMPLE ASSESSMENT . . . , 6-1
6.1 CAP88-PC SAMPLE INPUT SCREENS 6-1
6.2 CAP88.-PC SAMPLE OUTPUT 6-7
6.2.1 Synopsis Report .................... 6-8
6.2.2 General Data .'..'.' 6-13
6.2.3 Weather Data . . .... 6-22
6.2.4 Dose and Risk Conversion Factors 6-25
6.2.5 Dose and Risk Equivalent Summaries 6-28
6.2.6 Concentration Tables' . . . . . 6-39
6.2.7 Chi/0 Tables .6-42
7 CONVERTING WEATHER DATA WITH THE GETWIND UTILITY ...... 7-1
7.1 PURPOSE ..... .' . . .-... . . ,. ... 7-1
7.2 PROGRAM INPUT . 7-1
7.3 PROGRAM OUTPUT . . . . 7-1
7.4 RUNNING GETWIND .' ., ... 7-2
7.5 ERROR MESSAGES . . . 7-3
in
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8 MATHEMATICAL MODELS 8-1
8.1 ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT 8-1
8.1.1 Plume Rise . . . 8-1.
8.1.2 Plume Dispersion 8-3
8.1.3 Dry Deposition . . 8-6
8.1.4 Precipitation Scavenging . . . , 8-6
8.1.5 Plume Depletion .8-7
8i1.6 Dispersion Coefficients . 8-11
8.1.7 Area Sources . . . . :......- 8-11
8.1.8 Carbon-14 and Tritium , . ; 8-11
8.1.9 ,Rn-222 Working Levels 8-12
8.1.10 Ground Surface Concentrations . 8-12
8.2 DOSE AND RISK ESTIMATES"... 8-13
8.2.1 Air Immersion . . 8-13
8.2.2 Surface Exposure .,.8-14
8.2.3 Ingestion and Inhalation .....' 8-14
8.2.4 Maximally-Exposed Individual . . 8-15
8.2,5 Collective Population 8-.15
9 REFERENCES . . . 9-1
Appendix A VALID RADIONUCLIDES . . . . A-1
Appendix B STAR FILE FORMAT . . . . . , . B-1
Appendix C STATE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY . . C-1
Appendix D WEATHER DATA LIBRARY . D-1
Appendix E DIFFERENCES WITH EARLIER VERSIONS OF AIRDOS-
EPA/DARTAB . . . E-1
Appendix F POPULATION FILE FORMAT . F-1
IV
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LIST OF FIGURES
3-1 Sample of Bottom Line On-Screen Instructions 3-2
3-2 Highlight Menu .3-3
3-3 Tag Menu 3-3
3-4 Sample Dialogue Box 3-4
3-5 List Box . -. . . . 3-5
3-7 Syntax for A Floating Point Number ; 3-8
3-8 Floating Point Number Out of Range Message 3-8
4-1 CAP88-PC Information Screen 4-1
4-2 Main Menu 4-2
4-3 No Datasets Exist Message . . . 4-3
4-4 Maximum Number of Datasets Exist Message 4-3
4-5 SELECT DATASET TO MODIFY Screen 4-4
4-6 CREATE DATASET Screen 4-5
4-7 "Dataset <...> Already Exists" Message 4-5
4-8 SELECT DATASET TO DELETE Screen - . . . 4r6
4-9 DELETE MENU ...... 4-6
4-10 Tag Menu To Delete Output . -. . . . 4-7
4-11 SELECT DATASET TO EXECUTE Screen . . . 4-8
4-12 "Cannot execute dataset" Screen 4-8
4-13 Output Exists Message 4-9
4-14 SELECT DATASET TO PRINT Screen 4-10
4-15 PRINTER ERROR! Message 4-11
4-16 SELECT COLORS Screen 4-12
4-17 SCREEN MENU . 4-13
4-18 State List Box . . . . 4-14
4-19 RUN INFORMATION Population Screen 4-15
4-20 RUN INFORMATION Individual Screen 4-17
4-21 Invalid Distance Message ...'.. 4-17
4-22 METEOROLOGICAL DATA Screen . . 4-18
4-23 Wind List Box . . ............ ,, . . 4-19
4-24 SOURCE DATA Screen With Stack and Momentum Selected.. ...... 4-20
4-25 SOURCE DATA Screen With Area and Fixed Selected , . . .' 4-21
4-26 AGRICULTURAL DATA Screen .' .....;.. 4-22
4-27 Fractions Entered Error Message . 4-22
4-28 RADIONUCLIDE LIST Screen With No Radionuclides Selected 4-23
4-29 Nuclide Already Exists Message 4-24
4-30 Cannot Add Chain Message . . . ........ 4-24
4-31 Nuclide List Is Full Message 4-25
4-32 Chain Message '..'.''. . .... ............ 4-25
4-33 RADIONUCLIDE LIST Screen With Chains Selected . . 4-26
4-34 Delete Chain Message 4-26
4-35 RELEASE DATA Screen . . . 4-27
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4-36 Empty Nuclide List Message 4-27
4-37 SIZE & CLASS DATA Screen . . . 4-28
4-38 QUIT MENU . . . 4-29
4-39 SAVE MENU 4-29
4-40 New Dataset Name Entry 4-30
4-41 Dataset Exists Message . . . 4-30
4-42 FILE ERROR (Closing) Message . . . 4-31
4-43 No Population Files Found! Message 4-32
4-44 Population File Not Found Message 4-33
4-45 Population File Error Message 4-34
4-46 State File Error Message ... ...... . . 4-34
4-47 Nuclide File Error Message ......................... 4-35
4-48 Nuclide Dump File Error Message .-.. 4-35
5-1 Default WARNING Message 5-6
5-2 Reset of Permanent Defaults Message 5-7
VI
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Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND
On October 31, 1989 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued final rules
for radionuclide emissions to air under 40 CFR Part 61, National Emission
Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS). Emission monitoring and
compliance procedures for Department of Energy (DOE) facilities (40 CFR 61.93(a))
require the use of CAP-88 or AIRDOS-PC computer models, or other approved
procedures, to calculate effective dose equivalents to members of the public.
The CAP-88 (which stands for Clean Air Act Assessment Package-1988) computer
model is a set of computer programs, databases and associated utility programs for
estimation of dose and risk from radionuclide emissions to air. CAP-88 is
composed of modified versions of AIRDOS-EPA (Mo79) and DARTAB (ORNL5692J*.
The original CAP-88 program is written in FORTRAN?? and has been compiled and
run on an IBM 3090 under OS/VS2, using the IBM FORTRAN compiler, at the EPA
National Computer Center in Research Triangle Park, NC. CAP-88 is distributed by
the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Radiation Shielding Information Center (RSIC).
1.2 PURPOSE
The CAP88-PC software package allows users to perform full-featured dose and
risk assessments in a personal computer environment for the purpose of
demonstrating compliance with 40 CFR 61.93(a). CAP88-PC provides the CAP-88
methodology for assessments of both collective populations and maximally-
exposed individuals. The complete set of dose and risk factors used in CAP-88 is
provided. CAP88-PC differs from the dose assessment software AIRDOS-PC in
that it estimates risk as well as dose, it offers a wider selection of radionuclide and
.meteorological data, it provides the capability for collective population .
assessments, and it allows users greater freedom to alter values of environmental
transport variables.
\
There are a few differences between CAP-88 and earlier versions of the mainframe
programs AIRDOS-EPA, PREPAR and DARTAB with which users may be familiar.
These differences are discussed separately in Appendix E.
1.3 MODEL SUMMARY
CAP88-PC uses a modified Gaussian plume equation to estimate the average
dispersion of radionuclides released from up to six sources. The sources may be
either elevated stacks,, such as a smokestack, or uniform area sources, such as a
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pile of uranium mill tailings. Plume rise can be calculated assuming either a
momentum or buoyancy-driven plume. Assessments are done for a circular grid of
distances and directions for a radius of 80 kilometers (50 miles) around the facility.
The program computes radionuclide concentrations in air, rates of deposition on
ground surfaces, concentrations in food and intake rates to people from ingestion
of food produced in the assessment area. Estimates of the radionuclide
concentrations in produce, leafy vegetables, milk and meat consumed by humans
are made by coupling the output of the atmospheric transport models with the U.S.
Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide 1.109 terrestrial food chain
models.
CAP88-PC uses population arrays in the same format as the mainframe CAP-88
program. Sample population distributions for several DOE facilities are provided
with CAP88-PC which were generated from a database of 1980 census data.
Since census enumeration districts vary widely in size, the database is not precise
at estimating population groups that are very close to a facility. .Accordingly, the ^
arrays can be modified with user-supplied supplemental data obtained from oh-site
population surveys. Distributions of beef cattle, milk cattle and crop productivity
are'generated by the program for the assessment area using average agricultural
productivity data for each of the fifty states. A library of meteorological data for
dispersion estimates is supplied with CAP88-PC for most major cities and DOE
facilities.
Dose and risk are estimated by combining the inhalation and ingestion intake rates,
air and ground surface concentrations with the dose and risk conversion factors
used in CAP-88. The effective dose equivalent is calculated using the weighting
factors in ICRP Publication 26. Risks are based on lifetime risk from lifetime
exposure, with a nominal value of 4E-4 cancers/rem. Doses and risks can be
tabulated as a function of radionuclide, pathway, location and organ. CAP88-PC
also tabulates the frequency distribution of risk, showing the number of people at
various levels of risk. The risk levels are divided into orders of magnitude, from
one in ten to one in a million.
The mathematical models and equations used in CAP88-PC are discussed in detail
in the "Mathematical Models" chapter.
1.4 VERIFICATION
The CAP88-PC programs represent the best available verified programs for the
purpose of making comprehensive dose and risk assessments. The Gaussian
plume model used in CAP88-PC to estimate dispersion of radionuclides in air is one
of the most commonly used models in government guidebooks. It produces results
that agree with experimental data as well as any model, is fairly easy to work with,
and is consistent with the random nature of turbulence.
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The Office of Radiation Programs has made comparisons between the predictions
of annual average ground-level concentration to actual environmental
measurements, and found very good agreement. In the recent paper "Comparison
of AIRDOS-EPA Prediction of Ground-Level Airborne Radionuclide Concentrations
to Measured Values" (Be86), environmental monitoring data at five Department of
Energy (DOE) sites were compared to AIRDOS-EPA predictions. EPA concluded
that as often as not, AIRDOS-EPA predictions are within a factor of 2 of actual
concentrations.
1.5 LIMITATIONS
Like all models, there are some limitations in the CAP88-PC system. EPA plans to
make improvements on a continuing basis as new techniques become available.
While up to six stack or area sources can be modeled, all the sources are modeled
as if located at the same point. The same plume rise mechanism (buoyant or
momentum) is used for each source. Also, area sources are treated as uniform. *
Variation in radionuclide concentrations due to complex terrain cannot be modeled.
Errors arising from these assumptions will have a negligible effect for assessments
where the distance to exposed individuals is large compared to the stack height,
area, or facility size.
Dose and risk estimates from CAP88-PC are applicable only to low-level chronic
exposures, since the health effects and dosimetric data are based on low-level
chronic intakes. CAP88-PC cannot be used for either short-term or high-level
radionuclide Intakes.
1.6. HARDWARE ENVIRONMENT
The following is a description of the hardware which is required to use this
software,system.
Computer:
DOS (Disk Operating System)-version 2.0 or higher
IBM PC AT or compatible
At least 640K RAM with a minimum of 500K free (the memory required for
CAP88-PC to complete an assessment may vary from machine to machine
and more complex assessments may require more available RAM.)
Either a 1.2M 5.25 inch or 1.4M 3.5 inch high density floppy disk drive and
a hard (fixed) disk drive. .
1-3
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A parallel communication port (used for printer 10).
Intel 80x87 math coprocessor chip
NOTE: The CAP88-PC software will malfunction if a math coprocessor is
not present. The computer may freeze and require the user to reboot the
machine.
Display:
EGA or VGA color monitor
Printer:
Any parallel printer compatible with the system and connected to LPT1.
Other printers may work, but we cannot guarantee the results.
1.7 USER PROFILE
Users of this software package should have some familiarity with personal
computers and DOS. They should understand basic DOS commands such as DIR
(Directory), CD (Change Directory), and COPY, and know how to format and use
diskettes. For more information on these topics consult a DOS user's manual. It is
assumed that users have a working knowledge of the computer programs CAP-88,
AIRDOS-EPA, and DARTAB.
This software is intended for use by health physicists experienced in dose
assessment. The following references are recommended:
Briggs, G.A., "Plume Rise, AEC Critical Review Series", TID- 25075, 1969.
EPA 520/1-89-005 Risk Assessment Methodology: Draft Environmental.
Impact Statement for Proposed NESHAPS for Radionuclides, Volume 1,
Background Information Document, United States Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Radiation Programs, Washington, D.C. 20460, February
1989.
Gifford, F.A., Jr., "Turbulent diffusion-typing schemes: A review", Nuclear
Safety 17(1): 68-8.6, 1976
Moore, R.E., Baes, C.F.III, McDowell-Boyer, L.M., Watson, A.P., Hoffman,
F.O., Pleasant, J.C., Miller, C.W., "AIRDOS-EPA: A Computerized
Methodology for Estimating Environmental Concentrations and Dose to Man
from Airborne Releases of Radionuclides", (Reprint of ORNL-5532), EPA
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520/1-79-009, U.S. EPA Office of Radiation Programs, Washington, D.C.,
20460.
Pasquill, F., "The Estimation of the Dispersion of Windborne Material",
Meteorology Magazine, 90:33, 1961.
Rupp, E.M., Beajl, S.E., Bornwasser, L.P., Johnson, D.H., "Dilution of Stack
Gases in Cross Winds", USAEC Report AECD-1811 (CE-1620), Clinton
Laboratories, 1948. . . ' < .
Turner, D.B. "Workbook of Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates", Air Pollution
Control Administration, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1969.
1.8 TYPOGRAPHIC CONVENTIONS
Throughout this manual the following conventions and terminology are used:
Double quotes are used to define terminology.
Bold text inside angle brackets «» signifies a single press of a
specific keyboard key. The following are examples of some of the
keys represented by this convention:
< Enter > Enter/Return key
< Insert> Insert key
Home key
< Delete > Delete Key
An uppercase bold-faced word that is present as part of a command is
a keyword or filename that must be typed exactly as shown.
Lowercase is used for names that vary or that the user supplies to the
program.
*
The up, down, left, and right arrow keys are referred to as "cursor
keys".
A collection of data contained within a single file that is used to
perform an assessment is referred to as a "dataset".
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Chapter 2
INSTALLING THE SYSTEM
CAP88-PC is designed to be installed on a personal computer with an EGA or VGA
monitor, a math coprocessor and a hard drive.
2.1 BEFORE INSTALLATION
2.1.1 Backups
Before installing the system, we recommend that you create a backup of the
original installation disk using the DOS command DISKCOPY. Since the contents
of the installation disk are compressed, the COPY command cannot be used. Use
the backup to install the system. If for any reason the backup becomes corrupted,
you will still have the original installation disk intact.
"*
2.1.2 System Requirements
The configuration file (CONFIG.SYS) is a file that contains certain commands that
DOS checks when you start up your computer. Each time you start DOS, it
searches the root directory of the drive in which it was started for a. file named
CONFIG.SYS. The config.sys file lets you change your system's default
configuration settings.
It is important to have the following lines in your CONFIG.SYS file:
Files =20,
Buffers =20
The Files command sets the number of open files that DOS can access. The
Buffers command sets the number of disk buffers for DOS to allocate in memory at
the time the computer is booted (a disk buffer is a block of memory that DOS uses
to hold data when reading or writing). A number greater than 20 may be assigned
using the Buffers command. Since each additional buffer takes up memory, if
there are significantly more than 20, the memory they consume may not allow
CAP88-PC to load in memory or at some point during execution there may not be
enough memory for.CAP88-PC to complete execution. If this happens, simply
reduce the number assigned to Buffers.
It is also important to have ANSI.SYS specified in your CONFIG.SYS file. The
entry would be in the following form:
:\directory name\AIMSI.SYS
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Where:
is the hard drive where your operating system
is located.
directory name is the directory or subdirectory where the
operating system resides.
If you already have a directory named CAP88PC, you will need to totally eliminate
the old CAP88PC directory and all files associated with it. The datasets created by
Version 1.0 are not compatible with the datasets generated by the CAP88-PC
prototype. We recommend that you do one of the following:
(1) Run the UNINSTALL program provided on the installation disk and
described in section 2.2.
(2) Use appropriate DOS commands to delete the CAP88PC directory and
all subdirectories. '
2.2 UNINSTALL EXISTING CAP88-PC
The installation disk contains a program that will delete an existing CAP88PC
directory, all its subdirectories, and files.
CAUTION: The UNINSTAL program has been thoroughly tested.
Nevertheless, to protect against any possible malfunction of the
program for any possible reason, we strongly recommend backing up
the entire hard drive on which the existing CAP88PC directory resides
before running the UNINSTAL program.
To run the UNINSTAL program, place the backup of the installation disk you have
created in your high density 3.5 o.r 5.25 inch disk drive, as appropriate, and type:
< drive >:UNINSTAL
Where < drive > is the letter ef the floppy drive you are running the uninstall
program from.
The UNINSTAL program will ask for the drive to uninstall CAP88-PC from, which is
the letter of the hard drive where the existing CAP88PC directory is located.
NOTE: Do not press < Enter> after entering the drive letter.
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2.3 INSTALLATION
The installation disk contains the entire CAP88-PC System including all required
data files. The system cannot be run from the installation disk because all
CAP88-PC system programs and data on the disk are in a compressed form (to
minimize disk space). The installation disk contains a program that will,
uncompress all programs and data as the system is being installed.
Before you install the system, be sure that you do not already have a CAP88PC
directory on your hard drive, or the install program will abort.
To install, place the backup of the installation disk you have created in your high
density 3.5 or 5.25 inch disk drive, as appropriate, and type:
< drive >:INSTALL
Where is the letter of the floppy drive you are installing
from. - *
The INSTALL program will ask for the source drive, which is the letter of the drive
where the installation disk has been placed, and the target drive, which is the letter
of the hard drive to install the CAP88-PC system to.
NOTE: Do not press < Enter > after entering the source drive and ;
target drive letters.
The Install program will create a directory named CAP88PC and four subdirectories
(DATASETS, OUTPUT, POPFILES, and WNDFILES) on your hard drive.
WARNING: After installing the CAP88-PC system, do not alter or
delete any of the files in the CAP88PC directory. Doing so could
cause unpredictable behavior in the CAP88-PC System.
It would not be wise to delete files from the DATASETS or OUTPUT subdirectories
using DOS commands. You may inadvertently delete or lose access to
assessments that you have generated.
You may want to delete population and wind files that you know you will never
use; If you find that you have deleted a file that you need, you can reload the
population and wind files from the installation disk following the instructions in
section 2.4. When reinstalling population or wind files, however, you get all the
population or wind files on the installation disk.
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2.4 REINSTALLATIQN OF POPULATION OR WIND FILES
These instructions would be used if some or all of your population and/or wind files
were deleted and you needed to reinstall them. It is not possible to selectively
reload individual population or wind files, all those residing on the installation disk
will be loaded on your hard drive in the appropriate directory.
The following instructions are written assuming that:
Your current working directory is CAP88PC (your DOS prompt will
look something like C:\CAP88PC)
The hard drive that CAP88PC is installed on is drive C.
Your 3.5" floppy drive is drive B.
If the drive letters are different on your machine, be sure to substitute the correct
drive letters where appropriate in the commands that follow.
After the population or wind files are reinstalled on your hard drive, you may want
to selectively delete those files that you are sure will never be used in order to
minimize wasted space on your hard drive. Be careful not to delete those that you
will be using.
2.4.1 Reinstalling Population Files
(1) Place the Installation disk into floppy drive b:.
(2) Type cd popfiles
(3) Type copy b:popfiles.zip
(4) Type brpkunzip popfiles.zip
(5) Type delpopfiles.zip
(6) Type cd ..
After completing these steps you will be in the CAP88PC directory.
2.4.2 Reinstalling Wind Files
(1) Place the Installation disk into floppy drive b:,
(2) Type cd wndfiles
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(3) Type copy b:wndfiles.zip
(4) Type b:pkunzip wndfiles.zip
(5) Type del wndfiles.zip
(6) Type cd ..
After completing these steps you will be in the CAP88PC directory.
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Chapter 3
SCREEN INTERFACE FEATURES
3.1 INTRODUCTION
The philosophy behind CAP88-PC is to allow the user to easily set up input data
for an assessment, store the input data in a "dataset", execute the assessment,
print the output files, and delete both input data and output files if desired. Up to
180 separate problems (datasets and associated output files) can be stored at one
time.
The user sets up input data for assessments on a series of screens which contain
variables that are logically grouped together; for example, one screen has all the .
weather-related data, another the source term data, and so on. The user can move
back and forth among the screens to edit data at will. Input data is stored-in
datasets, which can be executed (the assessment made), further modified, or
deleted.
The screen software creates an input file for use by the FORTRAN programs that
actually generate the assessment.
3.2 ON-SCREEN INSTRUCTIONS
Context-sensitive instructions are displayed on the bottom line of each screen,
except for the Main Menu. The instructions on the bottom line will change
depending on what keys are valid for a given screen. Some key presses are valid
for a screen even though they are not listed on the bottom line. For example,
sometimes some or all of the cursor keys and the < Enter > key are valid but not
listed. The bottom line of Figure 3-1 is typical of the on-screen instructions.
3.3 s INVALID KEYS
There are numerous places throughout the program where only certain keys are
valid. Pressing an invalid key will cause a tone to sound.
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RADIONUCLIDE LIST
Sanple Dataset
Muclide Muclide
U-238 TI BI-21B
TH-234 PO-210
Pft-234 H-3
U-234 1-125
TH-230
RA-226
RH-222
PO-218
PB-214
B1-214
PO-214
PB-218
Hunber of nuc1 ides: 16
Quit Scr flenu Preu/Hext List Box Del
Figure 3-1. Sample of Bottom Line On-Screen Instructions
3.4 SCREEN COMPONENTS
3.4.1 Menus
There are three types of menus used in CAP88-PC:.
(1) Selection Arrow
(2) Highlight
(3) Tag
The following keys perform the same functions for each type of menu:
< t > and < 1 > change which item is currently highlighted.
< Enter > selects the currently highlighted item.
, . At any time while a menu is active, pressing will highlight the first
item, and pressing will highlight the last item.
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3.4.1.1 Selection Arrow Menu. The Main Menu is the only menu which uses
the selection arrow to select a single option from a list of options. The Main Menu
is described in more detail in Chapter 4 and is depicted in Figure 4-2.
3.4.1.2 Highlight Menu. A highlight menu allows you to choose a single item
from a list of two or more. Use the cursor keys to highlight the desired item and
press to select it. Figure 3-2 is a sample highlight menu.
Figure 3-2. Highlight Menu
3.4.1.3 Tag Menu. A tag menu allows you to select or "tag" one or more
items in a list. To tag/untag an item, press < Space > when the selection arrow
points to the desired item. When an item is tagged it will have ah asterisk to the
Figure 3-3. Tag Menu
left of it. A tag menu item that is displayed in dark letters is not available for
selection (for example, this might indicate that a file does not exist, and therefore
cannot be selected). The selection arrow will only point to valid selections; it will
skip past items that are displayed in dark text. Figure 3-3 is a sample tag menu.
3-3
-------
3.4.2
Dialogue Boxes
A dialogue box is a text message surrounded by a double-line border. Dialogue
boxes are used to inform you that a specific condition exists within the program.
Depending on the context of the message, or , or some other key
press may be required to exit the dialogue box. Figure 3-4 is a sample dialogue
box.
Figure 3-4. Sample Dialogue Box
3.4.3
At any time, only one field on the screen is "active" (i.e. actions taken by the user
can affect what is contained in that specific field). The active field will either
contain a blinking cursor, or will be highlighted in a specific color (the default is
magenta). When a group of several fields are first displayed to the screen, the top
left-most field will be active. There are several ways to exit the active field:
Makes the next valid field active. If the last field on a screen is
the active field, < Enter> will take you to the next screen.
Activates the QUIT MENU, which allows you to either save the
data as a dataset, or quit without saving.
' }
Makes the previous data-entry screen active.
Makes the next data-entry screen active.
Cursor
Keys
Makes the next valid field that is in the direction of the cursor
key active. The cursor keys move in the direction of the arrow
unless there is no field directly in line with the active field.
When there is no field directly above, below, to the right of, or
to the left of the active field based on the direction of the
cursor key pressed, nothing will happen. For example, to get to
3-4
-------
a field above but to the right of the active field, press the <-*>
and move to the field directly below the field you want to move
to, then press the < t > to get to the desired field.
There are three types of fields used in CAP88-PC: toggle fields, list box fields, and
data fields. Each field type is displayed in a different foreground color when
inactive. The colors specified here are the default colors, and can be easily
changed by the user (for more information on this, see section 4.2.6).
3.4.3.1 Toggle Fields. Some variables used in CAP88-PC have only a few
correct settings. For example, variables which control the generation of tables are
either "on" or "off". For ease of use, these fields are treated as "toggle fields" in
CAP88-PC, where the user can switch back and forth among possible settings by
pressing . Press or use an appropriate cursor key to move on
to the next field.
Toggle fields will appear as white on black when the field is inactive. When active,
they will be yellow on magenta. . " . *
3.4.3.2 List Boxes. "List boxes" are used to select one item from a large list
of items. A separate list box is used to select from available state names,
population files, wind files and radionuclides. To activate a list box, press
while the field is active, and the list box will appear. Highlight the
desired state, file, or nuclide using the cursor keys, then press the < Enter > key to
select the highlighted item.
List boxes have a search feature: by pressing any letter key, the list box
automatically finds the first item that begins with that letter. If no match is found,
the currently highlighted item becomes the top item in the box.
List boxes will app'ear as yellow on black when the field is inactive. When active,
they will be yellow on magenta. Figure 3-5 is a sample list box.
y^'tym^f
Arizona
jM&tlfcasAiiSKv
Arkansa
Figure 3-5. List Box
3-5
-------
3.4.4.3 Data Fields. A data field is used to store a single piece of information
such as text, an integer, or a floating point number. While a data field is active,
you can only enter characters that are valid for that specific field. If you attempt
to enter an invalid character, a tone will sound and the contents of the field will
not change.
A data field may initially be blank or may contain data. In some cases, the data
will be a default value that can be left as is or modified. A data field is displayed "
as green on black, and when a data field is active, a blinking cursor will appear in
it.
While entering data into a data field, you will normally be in "overwrite" mode (if
you type a character, it will overwrite the character that the cursor is currently
resting on). You can, however, activate an "insert" mode by pressing .
While in Insert mode, the program will only allow you to press keys that willadd
characters to the field ,«Home>, , etc. ar-e disabled). As you insert
characters, those characters in the field that are to the right of the cursor will be
squeezed out of the field. Pressing while Insert mode is active will
disable Insert mode, and return you to overwrite mode. Following is a list of other
keys you can use while a data field is active:
< Delete >
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the field.
Moves the cursor to the end of the field's current
contents (if the field is blank, the cursor will not move).
\
Moves the cursor one character in the specified direction,
if doing so allows the cursor to remain in the field.
Otherwise, the field that is in the specified direction, if
any, becomes active.
Deletes the character that the cursor is currently resting
on, causing everything to the right of the cursor to move
one space'to the left. '. '
Deletes the entire contents of the field.
Shifts the cursor and everything to the right of it one
space to the left, thereby deleting the character that was
directly to the left of the cursor.
Makes the field that is in the specified direction, if any,
active.
Makes the next field active.
3-6
-------
When you enter a character or digit in the last space of a data field, the next field
will become active, just as if you had pressed < Enter >.
3.4.4.3.1 Integer Field. An integer field can contain only digits (0-9). All
integers input using the CAP88-PC screen interface must be non-negative unsigned
values. You will be able to recognize an integer field by the lack of a decimal point
in whatever data is displayed in the field, regardless of whether it is default.data or
user-entered.
3.4.4.3.2 Floating Point Field. A floating point field contains a floating point
number, which may be expressed in either exponential notation or decimal
notation.
If you enter a number in decimal notation and do not include a decimal point, one
will be added to the right of the number that you typed in.
Numbers expressed in exponential notation must be within the range of 1.18e-38
to 3.40e + 38, and a decimal point must precede the "E" or "e".
When you attempt to exit a floating point field, the field is checked to make sure it
contains a valid number in a valid form. If a number is not in valid notation or is
out of range, a dialogue box will pop up and provide some information relative ,to
the range or the proper notation to use, Figures 3-6, 3-7, and 3-8 are the dialogue
boxes that will provide this information.
fhe current Held contains an i
floating point
Press to display tlie syntax for floating
joint iitifl&er$j any other Key to re-enter^,
Figure 3-6. Invalid Floating Point Number Message
3-7
-------
Xv
f'V; For,an IBM-PCj the syntax for a
floating point nunber is: ,>-'
^P^G. *v»* * t 4»
« v#*>L?**'1: ./~ f
^ . - , ' '. ' ' . *?X
ICs ignl, J(\,.. j. , "^ . . I , <_ »« y S ,*. J«*^^?
nunberasjBTitered,iin .exponent la llnotat ion
*' ' *"«W *'J J
«*»-.v «x?'5S*-*A^y f 7-^S.e^." ^^^S^WKWPEPi^S
Press' a-key to t re^nter.XtheTnunber
*" "
S
Figure 3-7. Syntax for A Floating Point Number
v ' " t'» Jir^^^v^
The current f ield'contains a^flpafing,^
'Upoint nunber that* is {out' of,
*r-vA'",, , , "-A> j^ft" 4iSKi
- For'an, IBM-PC j .the^rarige^forjta:
48e+38;
F^""- *','' * fV^t\u?r
«^ v* Press1 any4key to re-enterjtw^*
yf ;7,: \ ^ vlU ^t/:"'s^w
Figure 3-8. Floating Point Number Out of Range Message
3.4.4.3.3 Text Field. A text field is an alphanumeric field where all alphabetic
characters and digits are valid.. Most other characters are also valid. It should be
obvious which fields are text fields.
3-8
-------
Chapter 4
PROGRAM OPERATION
4.1
HOW TO EXECUTE CAP88-PC
Once CAP88-PC is installed: from the DOS prompt, change directories (CD) to the
CAP88PC directory, type CAP88PC, and press < Enter >.
The program first displays a notice showing who to contact for more information
on CAP88-PC, a statement of the program limitations, and acknowledgments
(Figure 4-1). The Main Menu will appear after you press any key.
CAP88-PC Uersion 1,8
Please direct all correspondence regarding CAP88-PC to'-
Barry Parks
EPA Office of Radiation Prograns
Las Degas Facility
P,0, Box 98517
Las Uegas, HU
Phone (782) 798-2443 FTS 545-2443
CAUTION! This software is intended for use by health physicists
that are experienced in dose assessnent, CAP88-PC is based on the
Gaussian plune nodel with its associated 1 initations. The nodel
is intended only for eualuating lou-leueli chronic releases
Acknowledgements1 Thanks to Christopher Melsonj uhose assistance
nade this nodel possiblej and to Kathleen flanafij Mark dinksi and
Linda Perrhij uhose-conputer expertise nade it happen,
Please press a key to continue,,,
4.2
Figure 4-1. CAP88-PC Information Screen
MAIN MENU OPTIONS
You can select one of the seven Main Menu options (Figure 4-2) by using the
cursor keys to move the selection arrow to the desired option, and pressing the
< Enter > key.
4-1
-------
CflP88-PC Version 1,88
MAIM MEMU
EPA Office of Radiation Prograns
Las Vegas Facility
(702)798-2443
Figure 4-2. Main Menu
When one of the Modify, Delete, Execute, or Print options are selected, a SELECT
DATASET TO ... screen will appear. This screen allows you to select a specific
dataset to perform the chosen option on. Since this screen is used with four Main
Menu options, the title of the screen changes depending on which option is
chosen.
The bottom half of the screen is used to display dataset names. This area is
referred to as the "dataset name display area". The top half of the screen contains
the dataset name, the date the dataset was created and the comments included in
the dataset.
When the screen first appears, the dataset name in the top left corner of the
dataset name display area will be highlighted. Use the cursor keys to move
through the datasets names. As different datasets are highlighted the information
in the top half of the screen changes to reflect information relative to the dataset
that is highlighted.
/
If no datasets exist, a dialogue box (Figure 4-3) will be displayed informing you of
this condition.
4-2
-------
5*k^ * *>A^ Mo .datasets exist
*' f>-t*L^.'
w* ^v4Pjwf»jffJsft1' s i * * " * (
MslaWlkeyitp^return to MAIM HEMlh
}'' f^Jjfj, j.
Figure 4-3. No Datasets Exist Message
Maximum Datasets: A maximum of 180 datasets can be stored on the hard drive
and accessed by CAP88PC at any given time. The reason for this is the limitation
of available memory required to store information relative to each dataset for
immediate display to the screen. When the number of datasets reaches the limit,
you may want to delete unneeded datasets and/or save some datasets on floppy
disks. When you save datasets onto floppy disks, be sure to print the
PREFIXES.DAT file (in the CAP88PC directory) to get a listing of dataset names
and their associated DOS files names for future reference (you will need this
information to restore the datasets back to the hard drive). To restore datasets
from a floppy to the hard drive, print a current listing of the PREFIXES.DAT file atid
compare the DOS file names of the datasets on the floppy with the DOS file names
of the datasets on the hard drive. If there are DOS file names on the floppy that
are the same as DOS file names on the hard drive, the datasets on the hard drive
will be overwritten if you restore the datasets from the floppy. To avoid this
situation, rename all files associated with the datasets on either the floppy or the
hard drive. For example, assuming a DOS file name of E.SCR, rename all files
associated with the dataset using the following command:
REN E.* filename.*
CAUTION: If you save datasets to a floppy and then want to restore
them to the hard drive, be sure to compare dataset names and DOS
file names of the datasets on the floppy with the DOS file names on
the hard drive to avoid overlaying existing datasets.
t V§it-r*!'^'* *' */ - * * '
£i80^' x" -^?,".^-y"-^!
Matasets already
:f'V* ^^LT-%fJ f" " ' '' T"' "' ,'"'-"-' ^ *^
T 'H >^4 v'pT\e cannot be created. % -t> .^.^s^ .>, ^
yi i "?
-------
When the limit of 180 datasets has been reached, a message will be displayed
(Figure 4-4). This message or a similar one will displayed when you attempt to
create a dataset, or when you are modifying a dataset and try to save it under a
new name.
4.2.1
Modify Dataset
Most often, the user will be making modifications to existing input datasets rather
than creating new assessments. For this reason, the Modify Dataset option is
listed first. A dataset is the file where input data for CAP88-PC is stored. Output
created during dataset execution is stored in separate output files.
SELECT DATASET TO HODIFV
Dataset:
Connents:
anple Dataset
Date: Dec A, 1991 8:42 an
W'Cpnnptefle^
ubeneueKtKe^^
Page 1/1
Test;; dataset ill?
Test;;datase't|i211
Test'"datasep3-p
Vet another file
Return to MAIN HEM ux-o rioue Select
Figure 4-5. SELECT DATASET TO MODIFY Screen
After selecting the Modify Dataset option, the user selects the dataset to modify
using the SELECT DATASET TO MODIFY screen (Figure 4^5). Once a dataset'has
been selected, the Data Entry/Selection screens will appear in a preset order.
While in a Data Entry/Selection screen, you can also press to activate the
SCREEN MENU, which you can use to move to any other Data Entry/Selection
screen. The Data Entry/Selection screens are discussed in more detail in Section
4.3.
4-4
-------
4.2.2 Create Dataset
The Create Dataset option is identical to Modify Dataset, except that instead of
selecting an existing dataset at the beginning, you assign a name for the dataset
which you will create. The screens presented to the user when creating a dataset
are the same screens used when modifying a dataset, except that default data
appears where applicable rather than data selected/entered by the user. Figure 4-6
is the screen that will appear if Create dataset is selected from the Main Menu.
CREATE DATASET
Neu dataset nane:
anple Dataset1
Return to HAIM MENU
Figure 4,6. CREATE DATASET Screen
If the dataset name entered already exists, a message will appear on the screen
and you will be asked to enter another name (Figure 4-7). If the dataset name
does not exist, the dataset will be created with'the user-specified name.
Dataset already existsi Please enter another nane,
Figure 4-7. "Dataset <...> Already Exists" Message
4-5
-------
4.2.3
Delete Filets)
First, you are prompted to select a dataset to delete from the SELECT DATASET
TO DELETE screen (Figure 4-8). Use the cursor keys to highlight the desired
dataset name, then press the < Enter > key to select.
SELECT DflTASET TO DELETE
Dataset: s
Connents:
ample!Dataset
Date: Dec 4j 1991 8=42 an
bej^nenfcf|||^
fiiiii^
Page 1/1
Vet anbtherlfile
Return to flAIM rIEHU <*><-<><>-> floue Select
Figure 4-8. SELECT DATASET TO. DELETE Screen
After you select a dataset, the DELETE MENU will appear on the screen, giving you
the option of either deleting the dataset and all associated output files or deleting
individual output files (since each assessment creates multiple output files) (Figure
4-9). Use the cursor keys to highlight your choice and press .
<* *> '> *" f A
j,>-y~ \3i*(rj,* « . ' I\TT r^rr MTMI i ' /"-'' f <*₯
',W:v«- ^DELETE,nEnU v <*?* »$
^\ ..; , *r-« - *:? J -'< ^.3L_ >
|U *v'hi' 1 SOfrtir, rt « ^ ^ <" 1 fi ^ f* ^*^ t i,
-Delete^indiuidual output
- iVJ->^As^« '*&* '" < -> « *« ;
Figure 4-9. DELETE MENU
4-6
-------
4.2.3.1 Delete Dataset and Output Files. If you select this option, no further
choices .are required. The input dataset and all output files will be deleted. Note
that the only way to delete the dataset is to choose this option.
4.2.3.2 Delete Individual Output Files. If you choose this option, a tag menu
appears which allows you to select individual output files to delete (Figure 4-10).
To select a file, move the selection arrow to the desired item using the cursor
keys, and press to "tag" the item for deletion. This may be repeated as
often as desired. Output files which have already been deleted or were not
generated are displayed in gray text in the tag menu, to signify that they are not
available for deletion and cannot be tagged. When all selections have been made,
press the key (to "go"), and the tagged files will be deleted.
Figure 4-10. Tag Menu To Delete Output
4.2.4
Execute
This option allows you to select a dataset for execution, using the same procedure
as MODIFY DATASETS (Figure 4-11). However, before actually executing the
assessment, the program will check to make sure that you have selected the
following items in the dataset:
a state
a population file (if the run is a population run)
a wind file
at least one radionuclide
If the preceding items are present, the program will execute the selected dataset,
then return to the Main Menu. If one or more of them is missing, a message will
be displayed (Figure 4-12) so you will know to modify the dataset accordingly. If
for some reason a population or wind file has been selected but no longer exists, a
message will be displayed informing the- user. The user may need to reload the
wind and/or population files from the installation disk (reference section 2.4).
4-7
-------
SELECT DATASET TO EXECUTE
Dataset:
Connents:
anple Dataseti
Date: Dec 4, 1991 8=42 an
Ihexonip^f^
uheneuer this "user scrolls Ithwiih data^tinaresfii
Page 1/1
Test dataset 1
Test dataset 2;
Test dataset 3;
Vet another file
Return to MAIN MENU ax«>o*> noue Select
Figure 4-1-1. SELECT DATASET TO EXECUTE Screen
Cannot execute dataset *
, Test Maset
One or nore of the following have
not been selected1
state
(Z) population File
<3) wind file >
(4) at least ^one nucl Ide
Please press ka tey to continue,,,
Figure 4-12. "Cannot execute dataset" Screen
4-8
-------
4.2.4.1 Defaults. When a dataset is executed, the first thing the system does
is determine if the defaults detailed in Chapter 5 have been altered. If they have
been changed, a warning message will be displayed. The message will list the
changes that have been made, specifying the original default value and the value
that replaces it. the user will be given the option of having all defaults reset to the
original values (Figure 5-1). There are some defaults that must never be changed
by the user. If any changes have been made to these defaults, they will be
automatically reset and a message notifying the user will be printed to the screen
(Figure 5-2). If no defaults have been changed, execution continues without
interruption. Chapter 5 contains more information on this topic.
4.2.4.2 Output: When a dataset is executed, the output is written to multiple
files (to facilitate printing and deleting). For example, concentration tables and
chi/q tables, if selected, are written to separate files, which may be printed or
deleted at the user's option. This prevents output files from becoming too
numerous and taking up large amounts of disk space.
If a specific dataset has been executed previously, there will be existing output. If
this is the case, a message will be displayed that will ask you if you want to
overwrite the output (Figure 4-13). If you respond with , the assessment will
continue, and existing output will be overwritten. If you respond with , the
program will take no further action, and will return to the Main Menu. If you want
to execute the dataset and keep the existing output, you could Modify the dataset
from the Main Menu, save it under a new name, and then execute the new dataset
name.
Output for dataset
test Dataset
exists i
Ogerurite it C₯/ft)T
Figure 4-13. Output Exfsts Message
Datasets that have been executed will have output files appearing in white text in
the tag menus for the PRINT RESULTS and DELETE FILE(S) options. Output files
which have not been generated will be displayed in gray text in the tag menus
(Figure 4-10).
4-9
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4.2.5
Print Results
Because the output generated by CAP88-PC can become extremely large
(particularly if the optional tables are selected), CAP88-PC writes multiple output
files, rather than one large file, to facilitate printing and deletions.
CAP88-PC generates the following five output files (each with an identifying
extension) for each assessment: Synopsis Report (.SYN), General Data (.GEN),
Weather Data (.WEA), Dose and Risk Equivalent Summaries (.SUM), and Dose and
Risk Conversion Factors (.FAC). The Concentration Tables (.CON) and Chi/Q
Tables (.CHI) are generated only if specifically selected by the user.
NOTE: To view these output files, print the PREFIXES.DAT file
located in the CAP88PC directory using the DOS PRINT command, a
word processor, or text editor. Locate the dataset name in the
column on the left; the corresponding DOS fije name will be listed to
the right of the dataset name. After you have determined the DOS file
name, change to the \CAP88PC\OUTPUT subdirectory, add'the -
appropriate extension listed above to the DOS file name and use a
text editor or word processor to view the file which is in ASCII
format.
SELECT DATASET TO PRINT
Dataset: |
Conrients:
anple Dataset
Date: Dec 1, 1991 8:42 an
he;::;cpniientpi|:j||^
heneueiftt!if!uiM
Page 1/1
Test datasetj1
Tesi dataset 2
Test'dataset"3
Vet-another file
Return to HAIN MENU
fioue Select
Figure 4-14. SELECT DATASET TO PRINT Screen
4-10
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4.2.5.1 Printing. The SELECT DATASET TO PRINT screen allows the user to
select datasets for printing (Figure 4-14). Use the cursor keys to highlight the
desired dataset, and press the < Enter > key. A tag menu just like the one used to
delete output files (Figure 4-10) will appear.
Use the tag menu to select the individual output files to be p'rinted. To select the
output files, use the cursor keys to move the selection arrow to the desired output
file, then press to "tag" the file for printing. This may be repeated as
often as desired. An asterisk will be displayed beside each tagged file to signify
that it has been selected for printing. When all selections have been made, press
the key (for "go"), and the tagged files will be printed.
Any output files which have been deleted, or that have not been generated, will be
displayed in gray text in the selection menu, to signify that they are not available
for printing.
NOTE: If the tag menu comes up with all output files printed in gray
text, including the Synopsis file, the dataset has not been execute'd. *
IPRTNTFtifPRRnH
^
Figure.4-15. PRINTER ERROR! Message
If you get a PRINTER ERROR message (Figure 4-15), make sure that:
the printer is turned on.
the printer is on line.
the printer has paper.
the printer cable is securely connected to the computer.
4-11
-------
the printer is a parallel printer connected to LPT1.
Because communication with the printer is performed via a parallel port, every error
condition cannot be detected accurately by the program. On occasion, your printer
may not print, and a message will not be displayed. If this happens, make sure the
printer is turned on. If it still won't print, check all of the above conditions.
4.2.6
Select Colors
This option allows you to change colors of some elements of the screen interface.
A sample screen is displayed, with colors controlled by function keys; simply press
the indicated function key to change the color. You can save your choices with
, reload the default colors with , and load the most repent user-defined
colors which have been saved with . At any time you can press to
quit and return to the Main Menu. Figure 4-16 is the SELECT COLORS Screen.
NOTE: The menu color and background color cannot be identical. If
you want the background to be a particular color, be sure that the
menu is not the same color. If it is, when you press the appropriate
function key, that background color will not be an option.
SELECT COLORS
Screen Background
Field Foreground*
Load user colors
Saue user colors
Reset to defaults
% fnenu*Background*
HemT Text*\ ,/
Menu,Text "
Menu-Text^ ,
fHenu Text ' * \^ *
*-fr1enu Tex^ < r ''**-"''''
Menu Text , -J «
Menu Text ^ ,>>'><
Return to MAIN MENU
Figure 4-16. SELECT COLORS Screen
4-12
-------
4.2.7
Quit
Selection of this option exits the program and returns the user to DOS.
4.3 DATA SELECTION/ENTRY SCREENS
Selection of the MODIFY DATASET or CREATE DATASET allows the user to set
up a scenario for assessment. The user sets up input data for an assessment on a
series of screens, which contain variables that are logically grouped together. For
example, one screen has all the weather-related data, another the source term
data, and so on. The user can move back and forth among the .screens to edit
data at will. Input data is stored in datasets, which can be executed (assessment
generated), further modified, or deleted.
Eight screens are available for entering, selecting, or editing assessment
information:
Facility Information
Run Information
Meteorological Data
Source Data
Agricultural Data
Radionuclide List
Release Data
Size & Class Data
Facility Infornation
Figure 4-17. SCREEN MENU
You may choose to go directly to any of these screens by pressing . This
activates the SCREEN MENU (Figure 4-17). Use the cursor keys to highlight the
name of the desired screen, and press < Enter >.
4-13
-------
A common feature of the Data Entry/Selection screens is the dataset name you
have selected or are creating, enclosed in a box in the upper righthand corner of
the screen (Figure 4-19). ,
4.3.1
Facility Information
Facility and address: This information is fairly self-explanatory: Facility, Address,
City, State, ZIP. The State name is important because it is used by the program to
establish default values for agricultural arrays of beef cattle, milk cattle, and crop
production according to reported state-wide averages. A state name must have
been selected for an assessment to execute. State names are chosen from a list
box, which appears when you press < Space > when the state field is active
(Figure 4-18). To use the list box search feature, press any letter key and the list
box automatically goes to the first state beginning with that letter.
Alaska" - ^ ^
Arizona , :J/j
Arkansas -J?KLf
California*;-v ^
Colorado »\*
Connecticut^.
D, fe £?
Delauare , t\^
Figure 4-18. State List Box
Emission Year: The year in which the radionuclide emissions occurred.
Source Category: The category the assessment falls under. Examples include
Department of Energy, Experimental, etc. Enter whatever you deem is appropriate.
Comments: Provided for your use, to help you distinguish one dataset from
another. Comments are displayed when scrolling through file names in the Modify
Dataset, Execute, Delete File(s), and Print Results options.
4.3.2
Run Information
Run Type: Users may select either an individual or population assessment. Toggle
between these choices using < Space >.
Population File to Use: If you select a population run (Figure 4-19), you will need
to select a population file. Press < Space > when this field is active and a list box
will appear displaying your possible choices. (If no file has yet been selected, the
4-14
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field consists of two brackets). Highlight the desired population file name using
the cursor keys, and press < Enter > to select it. To use the list box search
feature, press any letter key and the list box automatically goes to the first
population file beginning with that letter.
RUM IMFORttATION
Run type:
Population file to use:
Generate genetic effects? pf
Create Dose and Risk Factor file? gg§
Create Concentration Table file? fip|
Create Chi/Q Table file? Mb;
Sariple Dataset -
Quit Screen Menu Preu/Hext Change
Figure 4-19. RUN INFORMATION Population Screen
Example population files are provided for many DOE sites which EPA has assessed.
The population files provided with CAP88-PC are:
File Facility
AMES Ames Laboratory
ARGONNE Argonne National Laboratory
BATTELLE Battelle Columbus Laboratory
BETTSAPL Bettis Atomic Power Plant
BROOKNLB Brookhaven National Laboratory
OAKRIDGE Oak Ridge Reservation
FERMILAB Fermilab Batavia, Illinois
HANFORD Hanford Reservation
IDAHO All INEL Facilities
KPLKNOLL Knolls Atomic Power Lab Knolls
(continued on next page)
Latitude Longitude
Deg M S Deg M S
42 0 0
93 36 0
41
39
40
40
35
41
46
43
42
43
58
21
52
59
51
26
34
49
0
02
38
15
21
0
0
45
23
87
83
79
72
84
88
119
112
73
58
15
53
52
14
15
35
56
52
45
o
47
30
43
15
0
47
06
4-15
-------
File Facility Latitude Longitude
Deg M S Deg M S
KPLKSLRG Knolls Atomic Power Lab Kesselring 43 01 30 73 54 50
KPLWNDSR Knolls Atomic Power Lab Windsor 41 52 30 72 41 15
LOVELACE Lovelace/Sandia, Albuquergye, NM 34 59 30 106 32 15
LOSALAMO Los Alamos'Laboratory 35 52 10 106 15 44
MOUNDFC Mound Facility 39 37 51 84 17 17
NEVTSTST Nevada Test Site, Nye County, NV 37 06 0 116 12 0
PADUCAH Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant 37 ,08 0 88 49 0
PANTEXPL Pantex Plant Amarillo, Texas 35 20 27 101 33 50
PINELLAS Pinellas Plant, Pinellas Co., FL. 27 52 30 82 45 15
PORTSMOU Portsmouth Gas Diffusion Plant 39 02 083 0 0
RMICOMPY RMI Ashtabula, OH 41 53 24 80 46 36
ROCKWELL Rockwell, Rocketdyne Division 34 13 50 118 42 47
ROCKYFLT Rocky Flats Plant, Golden, CO _ 39 53 40 105 11 45
SANDIALV Sandia/Lawrence Livermore 37-40 27 121 42 18
SAVRIVPL Savannah River Plant ' 33 17 20 81 40 40
UFCBERKL Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 37 52 36 122 15 01
NOTE: These files are provided solely for the convenience of the
user. The supplied arrays are not required to be used for compliance
calculations, and no warranties are made concerning the accuracy of
the data. Users are encouraged to upload their own documented
population data for use with CAP88-PC.
Users are encouraged to use site:specific population arrays with CAP88-PC. Users
who have been operating the CAP-88 mainframe software-may download their
population files in ASCII format for use on the CAP88-PC system (CAP88-PC uses
the standard mainframe format). In order for CAP88-PC to recognize a new
population file, it must be copied to the \CAP88PC\POPFILES subdirectory, and
must have the .POP extension.
For an example of the proper format for population files, see Appendix F. Users
are encouraged to compare their uploaded population files with the example files
provided with the program to ensure that the files have been formatted correctly.
It is imperative that the number of distances (NRAD = number of distances) be
located on line 1 in columns 68 and 6.9, and the last digit must always be in
column 69.
Distances: Selecting the "Individual" option will display 20 distance fields (Figure
4-20). The distances that are entered for an individual run are the distances at
which you want the doses and risks calculated, in meters. The distances must be
integers between 1 and 80000 (inclusive): A message will be displayed if you
enter a distance that is outside this range (Figure 4-21). At least one distance
must be entered for the dataset to execute. If no distances are entered, the
AIRDOS program will abort.
4-16
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RUM INFORMATION
Run type'- Indiuidual
Distances (n):
H aMfial s£
Sample Dataset
Generate genetic effects?
Create Dose and Risk Factor file?
Create Concentration Table file?
Create Chi/Q Table file?
Quit Screen Menu Preu/Hext Change
Figure 4-20. RUN INFORMATION Individual Screen
*? i. j * *
'distancetentered/is not ualid,.}A
hi*:88088} .inclusiueC ';> ^
ix it *«**-« , _ -/ t » ./SKIJ- \i^s;
*
^/- -*
rusaafyaGHKz*, - »ar - - yj ; , ,
£ess;;any^key to re-enter, ,-,^ -.
fef>«b=kjjr * v. - ~-> f i* w -^ < i r" HV« **!«.
Figure 4-21 Invalid Distance Message
Generate genetic effects?: No genetic effects will be calculated if this toggle field
is set to No.
Create Dose and Risk Factor file?: This file can be very large if an assessment
contains more than a couple of nuclides. It contains all the dose and risk factors
used in the calculations. ^
Create Concentration Table file?: This file can be very large also. There are four
values for each distance and direction for every radionuclide in the assessment.
4-17
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Create Chi/Q Table file?: A table of x/Q values for each radionuclide in the
assessment.
4.3.3
Meteorological Data
The input data requested on this screen is .fairly self-explanatory (Figure 4-22).
METEOROLOGICAL DATA
Sanple Dataset
Wind file to use: ,
Annual precipitation1 jiff HI (cn/y)
Annual anbient tenperature: it:|S (*C)
Height of lid= iTslil (n)
Quit Screen Menu Preu/flext List Box
Figure 4-22. METEOROLOGICAL DATA Screen
Wind file to use: This field is another list box (Figure 4-23). Press and
your choices will appear. The search feature works here just as it does with other
list boxes. A wind file must be selected for an assessment to execute.
4-18
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AGS1818,,
ALB8523
AL08729**
Af1Aa621\
BAE1B59
»*. t
Figure 4-23. Wind List Box
A listing of weather data provided with CAP88-PC is provided in Appendix D.
Users are encouraged to use site-specific weather data for making assessments
with CAP88-PC. - . «
AIRDOS Format Meteorological Files: Users who have been operating the CAP-88
mainframe software may download their weather files, in AIRDOS format, for use
on the CAP88-PC system. Users are encouraged to compare these wind data files
with the example files provided with the program to ensure that the new files are
correctly formatted. . .
STAR Format Meteorological Files: Users who have stability arrays (STAR format)
for use with CAP88-PC must first convert the data to AIRDOS format by using the
GETWIND utility, as described in Chapter 7. An example of the proper STAR
format for stability array files is shown in Appendix B. Users may also refer to the
example stability array in the file SAMPLE.STR, which is provided with CAP88-PC
and resides in the \CAP88PC\WNDFILES subdirectory.
In order for CAP88-PC to recognize a new wind data file, it must be copied to the
\CAP88PC\WNDFILES subdirectory, and the_ filename must have the .WND
extension.
Annual precipitation: The average annual precipitation (in centimeters).
Annual Ambient temperature: Average annual ambient temperature (in Celsius).
Height of lid: The height of the tropospheric mixing layer (in meters). This field
must contain a positive non-zero value. A zero value will cause the AIRDOS
program to abort when the dataset is executed.
4-19
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4.3.4
Source Data
Some of the data requested on this screen depends on the values you assign to
several toggle fields.
Source type: This field can be toggled between Stack (Figure 4-24) and Area
(Figure 4-25) by pressing < Space >. Press the < Enter > key and go oh to choose
the number*of sources.
SOURCE DATA
Sanple Dataset
Source type= JH
Source tt' 1
Height:
(n)
Dianeter'
(n)
Nunber-.of sources'
Plune rise: nonentun
Enter exit uelocity (neters/sec)
for each source.
Quit Screen rtenu Preu/Hext Change
Figure 4-24. SOURCE DATA Screen With Stack and Momentum Selected
Number of Sources: Up to six (6) sources (stacks or areas) may be modeled.
.Press to toggle between 1 to 6 sources. Notice that the number of
fields for Height, Diameter/Area, and Plume Rise Type (if Momentum or Buoyant)
change as the number of sources change. . .
Height: Height of the source (in meters).
Diameter or Area: Diameter of stack (in meters), or the area of an Area source (in
square meters).
Plume rise type: A toggle field. Use to select between Buoyant,
Momentum, Fixed and Zero. If you select Buoyant, you will enter the heat release
4-20
-------
rate for each of the sources. If you select Momentum, you will enter the exit
velocity for each source. If you select Fixed (Figure 4-25), you will enter the
actual plume rise for each of the seven Pasquill Categories. If you select Zero,
zero is entered for each of the seven Pasquill Categories, and no further action is
required.
SOURCE DATA
| Sanple Dataset
Source type:
Source tt:
Height:
(n)
Area:
(n2)
Plune rise:
Nunber of sources:
B
Enter plune rise (neters) for
each Pasquill category!
D
Quit Screen Menu Preu/Hext Change
Figure 4-25. SOURCE DATA Screen With Area,and Fixed Selected
4.3.5 Agricultural Data .
This screen provides agricultural data for the assessment (Figure 4-26).
Source: This is a toggle field whjqh presents several food source scenarios used
by EPA. Use < Space > to select between Urban, Rural, Local, Regional, Imported
and Entered. The various fractions change for each of the first five scenarios. The
user cannot change the fractions in these scenarios. If you select Entered,
however, you will be required to type in the usage values in the indicated fields.
The program will require you to use values that sum to 1.0 in each of the three
columns. When you attempt to leave the screen, an error message will appear if
one or more of the columns do not sum to 1.0 (Figure 4-27).
4-21
-------
AGRICULTURAL DATA
Sanple Dataset
Source:
Fraction hone produced:
Fraction fron assessnent area:
Fraction inported:
Beef cattle density:
Uegetable Milk
Beef
(tt/kn2)
Hi Ik cattle density: ffif&]>J5tt\
Land fraction cultiuated
for uegetable crops:
quit Screen Menu Preu/Hext Change
Figure 4-26. AGRICULTURAL DATA Screen
do not sun to Lfl
Press any Itey to
Figure 4-27. Fractions Entered Error Message
Beef cattle density: Beef cattle state productivity data (beef cattle per square
kilometer, etc.) can be typed in directly by the user (must be a positive non-zero
value).
Milk cattle density: Milk cattle state productivity data (milk cattle per square
kilometer, etc.) can be typed in directly by the user (must be a positive non-zero
value). .
4-22
-------
Land fraction cultivated for vegetable crops: Vegetable crop state productivity
data can be typed in directly by the user (must be a positive non-zero value).
The values that come up initially on the screen for the preceding three fields are
state averages that may or may not be current. The user is encouraged to enter
more current data, if available. If the user changes these values but decides to
return to the defaults, it is necessary to return to the FACILITY INFORMATION
Screen and re-select the appropriate state. If any of these fields contain a zero,
the AIRDOS program will abort when the dataset is executed.
4.3.6
Radionuclide List
The RADIONUCLIDE LIST screen allows you to select Radionuclides for an
assessment. If no nuclides have been selected the screen will have no
radionuclides displayed and a message at the bottom will inform the user.
4.3.6.1 Selecting Radionuclides: Radionuclides are chosen using a list box
(Figure 4-28), which appears when you press < Space>. Use the cursor keys or
the letter search function to highlight the radionuclide you want to select, and
press < Enter>. You may select up to 36 radionuclides for inclusion in the list.
RADIOHUCLIDE LIST
^^^f^^gy** ^^g'Sst
Isanjple Dataset
=====
No nuclides haue been selected, Press to select a nuclide,
Exit Menu Houe Search Select
Figure 4-28. RADIONUCLIDE LIST Screen With No Radionuclides Selected
4-23
-------
You may enter the same nuclide multiple times. If the nuclide has already been
selected, however, a message (Figure 4-29) will appear informing you that it is
already in the list. The message will give you the option of adding the nuclide.
Press to add the nuclide, to exit the message.
Figure 4-29. Nuclide Already Exists Message
Also, you can select entire chains of nuclides and the program will automatically
account for buildup of decay products in the chains. However, if you select a
chain and the inclusion of that chain will cause the number of nuclides selected to
exceed 36, a message will be displayed informing you that the chain cannot be
added (Figure 4-30).
w"~r"r7**«>
*
. ' #
t ^ Cannot,, addjthe
C the; li|fr£^./,'/,
* ^P lease press^a\Jt(T "cpnfinue,Vi%
Figure 4-30. Cannot Add Chain Message
When 36 nuclides have been selected and you try to activate the list box to add
another nuclide, a message will come up informing you that 36 nuclides have
already been selected, and no additional nuclides can be selected (Figure 4-31).
4-24
-------
,**,A *& ^
t
At
list' is full*,
( > , - "-i
f '* Add i"t i ona 1 nuc 1 i des cannot * be 'added ?, '
""'Ik «t rt r ^*-v"" * ^ i i' ~. i ,\S"f, ife"
untiKone or'nore are deleted^. v "-j
'->
- , r, . -. .«
Figure 4-31. Nuclide List Is Full Message
4.3.6.2 Chains. There are two complex chains and four simple chains
available on CAP88-PC. The following are the radionuclides and the chains that
can be selected when you select that radionuclide:
Cs-137 Cesium (simple)
Ba-140 Barium (simple)
Mo-99 Molybdenum (simple)
Pb-210 Lead (simple)
U-238 Uranium (complex)
Th-232 Thorium (complex)
When one of these radionuclides is selected, a dialogue box will appear, informing
you that the nuclide is the beginning of a chain (Figure 4-32), and asking you if
you want to add the chain. If you respond with and there is enough room in
the list, the entire chain will be added to the list. If you respond with , only
the individual nuclide will be added to the list. When a chain is added, all
radionuclides in the chain count toward the total of 36.
Figure 4-32. Chain Message
4-25
-------
When chains are included in the radionuclide list, all radionuclides in the chain will
be displayed with a double-line to the right of them, beginning with the first
radionuclide in the chain and ending with the last radionuclide in the chain (Figure
4-33). .
RADIOHUCLIDE LIST
Sanple Dataset
HueHide Muclide
U-238 it BI-218
TH-234 PO-218
PA-234 H-3
U-234 1-125
TH-238 CS-137
RA-226 * BA-137M
RH-222
PO-218
PB-214
B1-214
P0-2l4
PB-218
Hunter of nuclides: 18
Quit Scr Menu Preu/Next List Box Del
Figure 4-33. RADIONUCLIDE LIST Screen With Chains Selected
4.3.6.3 Delete Radionuclides: To delete radionuclides from the radionuclide
list, highlight the radionuclide you want to delete and press < Delete >. If the
nuclide is in a chain, a message will appear (Figure 4-34).
'r.
»,*? »* .-*
* > i -
iThe "nuclide
f *** p
*"&*&*
»>
, ^. rt /4.V-4 V-- ^»^iW-;4 kvj
4rfDeiete-the;chain* Ctf/M)?#«*
ffei*2«','s»',"'^ , * j * > i , «*% %* " -*» WK
I^y^\A ,* » c - *>- **, t.v Ti* s c *^ *f
,?«**'.!? . ,< f> * - 'T . '' > *^*
V ' ft v
Figure 4-34. Delete Chain Message
4-26
-------
The message gives you the option of deleting the entire chain. If you press ,
no action is taken and you are returned to the radionuclide list (you cannot delete
an individual nuclide from a chain).
4.3.7
Release Data
After at least one radionuclide has been selected in the RADIONUCLIDE LIST
screen, you can use the RELEASE DATA screen to enter release rates for each
radionuclide (Figure 4-35). If no nuclides have been entered, a message will pop
up informing the user (Figure 4-36).
Source J
Nuclide
U-238
TH-234
PA-234
U-234
TH-238
RA-226
RN-222
PO-218
PB-214
BI-214
PO-214
PB-218
RELEASE DATA
Sample Dataset
Huclide
BI-21B
PO-218
H-3
1-125
Ci/y
.Quit Scr Menu Preu/Hext Increnent Source tt
Figure 4-35. RELEASE DATA Screen
Nuclide list is enpty,
Select nuclides using the
RADIONUCLIDE LIS1 screen,
Figure 4-36. Empty Nuclide List Message
4-27
-------
Source #: A number will be displayed for each of the sources selected. For
example, if 2 sources were selected on the SOURCE DATA screen, then a 1 and a
2 will be displayed on the screen. The source that is currently active (ready for
release rates to be entered or changed) will be enclosed in angle brackets (<1 >}.
If more than one source has been selected, you can press the key to
change the source #.
Nuclide Release Rate (Ci/y): The ^release rates can be entered in decimal or
exponential notation. When the source # changes, the release rates for that
particular source # will be displayed to the, screen and can. be altered as necessary.
Nuclides cannot be added or deleted while in this screen.
4.3.8
Size & Class Data
After at least one radionuclide has been selected using the Radionuclide List
screen, you can use the SIZE & CLASS DATA screen to select particle size and
clearance class for each nuclide (Figure 4-37). The data that comes up on the
screen when you are creating a new dataset are the defaults for each nuclide.
Both the size and class are toggle fields. Use the, bar to toggle
Nuclide Size Class
U-238
TH-234
PA-234
U-234
TH-238
RA-226
RN-222
PO-218
PB-214
B1-214
PO-214
PB-218
SIZE a CLASS DATA
Nuclide Si2e Class
BI-218
PO-218
H-3
1-125
Sanple Dataset
Quit Scr Menu Preu/Hext Change
Figure 4-37. SIZE & CLASS DATA Screen
4-28
-------
between the valid choices. Some radionuclides have only one choice, and others
have up to four valid choices. 'Some radionuclides have no valid classes and are
identified by a series of dashes, '', in the Class field. Only the valid choices or
dashes will be displayed as you toggle through the choices.
Size: Activity medium aerodynamic diameter (/ym) (AMAD) for particulates.
Particle size (AMAD) in//m for inhaled particles.
Class: Lung clearance class for inhaled particles. If a Class field contains '-',
then class is not applicable to that particular radionuclide.
4.3.9
Quit Menu
The QUIT MENU (Figure 4-38) is activated by pressing from one of the
Data Entry/Selection screens. It can also be activated by selecting the Quit option
from the SCREEN MENU. The QUIT MENU allows you to either save the current
data as a dataset, or quit without saving.
r
-a.'
.QUIT MENU
V * 4
Figure 4-38. QUIT MENU
Use the cursor keys to highlight the desired choice and press < Enter > to select it.
If you select Quit without saving, all the data you have entered using the Date
Entry/Selection screens will be discarded, and there will be no way to retrieve it. If
you select Save changes, the SAVE MENU will appear (Figure 4-39).
," Figure 4-39. SAVE MENU
Once again, use the cursor keys to highlight the desired choice and press < Enter>
to select it. If you choose Save under the same dataset name, all of the data in
the Date Entry/Selection screens will be saved under the current dataset name. If
4-29
-------
you select Save under a NEW dataset name, a dialogue box will appear, asking you
to enter the new dataset name (Figure 4-40).
Please enter a neu
dataset mane:
j Figure 4-40. New Dataset Name Entry
After you enter a dataset name, the program will check to make sure no other
datasets with the same name exist. If one is found, a dialogue box will appear ^
(Figure 4-41). This process will continue until you enter a dataset nam& that does
not exist.
4.4
Figure 4-41. Dataset Exists Message
EXECUTION ERRORS
The following are possible errors that could occur during execution. Some are run
time errors that might be attributable to such things as lack of memory or other
memory-related problems, lack of disk space, divide by zero, etc. The entirety of
the CAP88-PC system has been thoroughly and rigorously tested, but as with any
program, there is always the possibility that an undiscovered bug could appear.
4-30
-------
4.4.1
Screen Interface
There are several error conditions that could arise and prevent the screen interface
from completing a particular function. When the program detects one of these
errors, a message will appear, informing you that a particular error has been
encountered. It is also possible that an undocumented error will occur, in which
case it is recommended that you document the sequence of events that caused the
error, and contact the EPA (as specified in section 4-4.3). . .
4.4.1.1 Out of Disk Space. If the program is writing a file and runs out of
disk space, a message will be displayed (Figure 4-42).
Jirror encountered unite
attenpting to close file
c,SCR
f
in directory
CAP88PC
Press any fcey to continue,«
Figure 4-42. FILE ERROR (Closing) Message
If the message refers to a file with an extension of .SCR, the error was
encountered while the program was attempting to save a dataset file. Pressing
any key in response to the message will allow you to continue using the program,
but you cannot be guaranteed that the dataset was saved in its entirety. To
remedy this situation, you will need to free up some space on the hard disk you are
running CAP88-PC from. To do this, take one or more of the following actions:
Select the Delete File(s) option from the Main Menu and delete specific
output files or complete datasets that are no longer needed. .
4-31
-------
Exit the program and delete unnecessary files from the hard drive. Do not
use DOS to delete any files from the CAP88PC directory or any of its
subdirectories. The only way you can safely delete CAP88-PC files is by
using the Delete option from the Main Menu.
If the first two steps do not free a substantial amount of disk space, you will
need to save complete datasets (with the associated output) to floppy disks.
Follow the guidelines in section 4.2 in the paragraph concerning maximum
datasets.
4.4.1.2 No Population Files, This message will be displayed if the program
cannot find any population,files (Figure 4-43). This check is performed when you
are creating/modifying a dataset and press while the population file field
is active. If the message is displayed, you will be able to modify and save the
dataset, but you will not be able to select a population file for the dataset, and
thus will not be able to execute the dataset.
If this error occurs, follow the instructions in section 2.4 to reload the population
files from the installation disk. -
f
* - -
Reter So' 'section" 2 /
fv^jjthe^populat'ibri f i'lesj^ntoj.yoimj' ,>f\
^> ~*f
«;/»»- A?-tf^-' >\-r' _£>**; -- *f, . .«."* i,« 1*«>,^,
?P,ress any key to"" ' * rT 4
Figure 4-43. No Population Files Found! Message
4.4.1.3 No Wind Files. A message similar to Figure 4-43 will be displayed if
the program cannot find any wind files. This check is performed when you are
creating/modifying a dataset and press" < Space > while the wind file field is active.
If the message is displayed, you will be able to modify and save the dataset, but
you will not be able to select a wind file for the dataset, and thus will not be able
to execute the dataset.
If this error occurs, follow the instructions in section 2.4 to reload the wind files
from the installation disk.
4-32
-------
4.4.1.4 Population File Does Not Exist. When you choose to execute a
dataset, the system checks to make sure that the population file specified in the-
dataset exists. If the population file no longer exists, a message will be displayed.
The message will notify you that execution has been aborted, and will specify the
name of the missing population file (Figure 4-44).
ecutidn.aborted
RMICPHPY
notJfdund!
Figure 4-44. Population File Not Found Message " "
If the population file is one of the ones provided with the Installation Disk (listed in
section 4.3.2), follow the instructions in section 2.4 to reload the population files
from the Installation disk. If the population file is not one that was provided with
the system, you will need to either locate a copy of the file and place it into the
POPFILES subdirectory/or select another population file for the dataset.
i ,
4.4.1.5 Wind Fjle Does Not Exist. When you choose to execute a dataset, the
-system checks to make sure that the wind file specified in the dataset exists. If
the wind file no longer exists, a message similar to Figure 4-44 will be displayed.
The message will notify you that execution has been aborted, and will specify the
name of the missing wind file.
If the wind file is one of the ones provided with the Installation Disk (listed in
Appendix D), follow the instructions in section 2.4 to reload the wind files from the
Installation disk. If the wind file is not one that was provided with the system, you
will need to either locate a copy of the file and place it into the WNDFILES
subdirectory, or select another wind file for the dataset.
4.4.1.6 Population File Error. If the system finds the appropriate population
file during dataset execution, it will make sure that all of the required information
can be read from the file without error. If an error is encountered, execution of the
dataset will be aborted, and a message will be displayed (Figure 4-45).
4-33
-------
Execution abortedi
Error encountered uhile
reading from population file
ARGONNE
*, ' - " f
Refer to section .4.411 in
Guide i,.
Figure 4-45. Population File Error Message
if this error is encountered, you will need to check the contents of the offending
population file against the format listed in Appendix F. While the message is being
displayed, make a note of the population file name. Next, exit the program, and
change directory (CD) to the POPFILES subdirectory. The actual DOS filename of
the population file will be < prefix> .POP, where < prefix > is the name that the,
message displayed. The file contains standard ASCII text and can be viewed using
a text editor. If you cannot locate the cause of the problem by checking the
format of the file, contact the EPA (as specified in section 4.4.3).
4.4.1.7 State File Error. This message will be displayed if the program
encounters an error while reading state-specific data from a data file (Figure 4-46).
This check is performed when you are creating/modifying a dataset and press
< Space> while the state field is active. If the message is displayed, you will be
able to modify and save the dataset, but you will not be able to select a state for
the dataset, and thus will not be able to execute the dataset.
, - " c ' ^ ; ;. «
^r Error Jt3 encountered ^uh i le I
^attempting 7td iread^state^data-,-"-l
7 ' (& ^
'-'tJw-* . A* , "- . «v' *'"r^>,-«*
V^< »(-'', t ^ ^^'/ »* KrtVv' < *
»^.T» « ' f ^» i *^V' ** S>i ; »i x^'/"'\'i,*
^ Press any key-to continues, ,, :
Ji ~ " ^^^' s ' - ' "_ *.. W- /. * - *, -j
Figure 4-46. State File Error Message
4-34
-------
If this error occurs, contact the EPA (as specified in section 4.4.3).
4.4.1.8 Nuclide File Error. This message will be displayed if the program
encounters an error while reading nuclide-specific data from a data file (Figure
4-47). This check is performed when you are creating/modifying a dataset and
press while the nuclide list is active. If the message is displayed, you
will not be able to add the selected nuclide to the nuclide list. You will be able to
modify, save, and execute the dataset.
-1 $*> **-&&*&
f*l l^W*"}*& * */* » ^ *fc'^v = '^ J^*^. t, ^ «*H * ^*j
* *S^fe'^«?>^'^«- ^^f* i* * %* ^'i'S X *f^Sf> V*J
1 ^P;Error ^ tt 1*1\ encountered uh i 1 e"^
'isw^wap-afsittftif^ * .t»v.^ vssf,^
jError*ttlB;encountered»
rVa%4
fide1 u i 1 1
-
|5, >*";;4.ttie User's Guide.
*^i
*!,'
v \ Press. any>key ,vto continue. .«v ,-
Figure 4-47. Nuclide File Error Message
|f this error occurs, contact the EPA (as specified in section 4.4.3).
Errpr/encountered while
attempting -to urite the
nuclide durip file.
^ "Refer to section 4.4/1 in
-- the User's. Guide.
1 ~ X , N
Press ^any key to continue.i,
Figure 4-48. Nuclide Dump File Errpr Message
4.4.1.9 Nuclide Dump File Error. This message will be displayed if the
program encounters an error while writing a specific file that contains nuclide list
data (Figure 4-48). This file is not used by the system, but is written every time
4-35
-------
you exit the program, and can be used to help diagnose problems. If the message
is displayed, it will not affect the functionality of the system.
If this error occurs, contact the EPA (as specified in section 4.4.3).
4.4-1.10 Not Enough Memory to Execute. This message indicates that a
program is too large to load into memory, or that execution cannot continue due to
lack of memory. If this happens, try doing the following:
Remove terminate-and-stay-resident programs (TSRs) such as the DOS Shell,
or other shells, menu systems, etc. You may need to reboot your machine
to remove some TSRs.
Check your AUTOEXEC.BAT file for commands that load TSRs. If you have
your AUTOEXEC.BAT file configured to load a menu system or other
application, commenting out these lines and re-booting will give you more
memory. «
Check your CONFIG.SYS file for 'DEVICE =' commands. These commands
load device drivers into memory. Commenting out unnecessary lines and re-
booting will give you more memory.
Check your CONFIG.SYS file for the 'BUFFERS =' command. If more than
20 are assigned, reducing the number to 20 and re-booting will give you
more memory. . . .
After doing the above, try running the system again. . , .
4.4.2 FORTRAN Programs
If. you encounter an error during execution of an assessment which is not
documented here, document the problem and contact EPA (as specified in section
4.4.3).
4.4.2.1 Math Coprocessor: If you try to execute CAP88-PC without a math
coprocessor, the computer will freeze and you will have to reboot. There will be
no message to warn you of this condition. If you do need to utilize CAP88-PC
without a math coprocessor, contact EPA (reference section 4.4.3) and it may be
possible to provide you with a specially compiled version that will run without a
coprocessor. You must realize, however, that CAP88-PC would run very slowly
without a coprocessor.
4.4.2.2 Lack of Disk Space: If any of the FORTRAN programs encounter a
lack of disk.space when they attempt to write to a file, the following type of
message will be displayed:
4-36
-------
Unable to Write File (See Section 9.4 in F77L Manual), File =
\CAP88PC\OUTPUT\file name. Unit = xx. Record = xx. Position = x in
subroutine name called by _calling subroutine
4.4.2.3 Lack of Memory: If any of the FORTRAN programs encounter a lack
of memory, the following type of,message will be displayed:
Too Big to Fit into Memory
4.4.2.4 RADRISK File Errors: The DARTAB code will terminate if it detects
certain error conditions when reading either one of the two RADRISK data files. If
this happens, one of the following messages will be written to the file ERROR.FIL,
which is located in the CAP88PC directory:
NUC = xxxxxxx FROM THE RADRISK1.DAT FILE DOES NOT
MATCH THE CURRENT NUCLIDE = xxxxxxx
This message means that the program has not found the correct
radionuclide in the RADRISK1.DAT file, which contains ingestion dose
and risk factors. If this happens, follow the directions in Section
4.4.3.
NUC = xxxxxxx FROM THE RADRISK2.DAT FILE DOES NOT
MATCH THE CURRENT NUCLIDE = xxxxxxx
RADRISK2 = xxxxxxx SKIP = xxxxx
This message means that the program has not found the correct
radionuclide in the RADRISK2.DAT file, which contains inhalation dose
and risk factors. If this happens, follow the directions in Section
4.4.3.
NUC = xxxxxxx NUCLIDE = xxxxxxx
GMNH_RAD2 = x.xxxE-xx GIJNH(K) (FROM INPUT.DAT) = x.xxxE-xx
DON'T MATCH
This message means that the program has found a discrepancy
between the inhalation factor in the INPUT.DAT file (generated by the
1 screen package) and thef RADRISK2.DAT file. If this happens, follow
the directions in Section 4.4.3.
TRYING TO READ PAST THE LAST RADRISK2.DAT RECORD FOR
NUCLIDE xxxxxxx
NUC = xxxxxxx M = xxx NR INH FCTRS = xxx
4-37
-------
This message means that the program could not find an appropriate
matching inhalation record in the RADRISK2.DAT file. If this happens,
follow the directions in Section 4.4.3.
4.4.3 What To Do If Errors Occur
This section outlines the course of action you should take if you encounter an
apparent error with the CAP88-PC system. .
If the error occurred during the use of the screen interface, try to locate the error
condition in section 4.4!1. If the error occurred while executing a dataset, try to
locate the error condition in section 4.4.2. If the error is not listed in the
appropriate section,, check for obvious situations that may be causing the error,
such as lack of disk space, insufficient memory, etc., and take actions to correct
these situations if you determine they are present.
If the cause of the problem is unclear, there may be a bug within one of the
programs. Do the following if you encounter any unresolvable problems;
Make a note of exactly what actions you took that produced the error, and
try to reproduce it. If the error involves a particular dataset, make a note of
the dataset name.
Contact Barry Parks of the EPA Office Of Radiation Programs in Las Vegas
at (702) 798-2443 or FTS 545-2443. If the problem cannot be readily
resolved, continue the process as described in the remaining steps.
Re-run CAP88-PC and exit the Main Menu by pressing . This causes
a new copy of the PREFIXES.DAT file to be written by the system. Print or
view on your screen the PREFIXES.DAT file, to determine the DOS File
Prefix of the dataset that you were using when you encountered the
problem.
Copy the dataset file onto a floppy disk. The DOS filename of the dataset
file is .SCR, where is the DOS File Prefix of the dataset
as listed in the PREFIXES.DAT file. The'dataset file is located in the
\CAP88PC\DATASETSsubdirectory.
If the error occurred during execution of a dataset:
Copy the file INPUT.DAT onto the floppy disk that contains the
dataset file. This file is located in the CAP88PC directory. This must
be done before any other datasets are executed since this file is
overlayed each time the execute option is selected on the main menu.
4-38
-------
Go to the CAP88PC directory and check to see if anything has been
written to the file ERROR.FIL. If this file contains any error messages,
copy the file to the floppy disk containing the dataset file.
Send the floppy disk, along with any other information that might be helpful
in resolving the problem, to:
Barry Parks
EPA Office Of Radiation Programs
Las Vegas Facility
P.O. Box 98517
Las Vegas, NV 89193-8517
Phone (702) 798-2443 FTS 545-2443
4-39
-------
Chapter 5
DEFAULT FILE CHANGES
5.1 PURPOSE OF DEFAULT FILE
The DEFAULT.DAT file contains various types of default data for CAP88-PC. The
file is divided into two segments. The first segment contains default values that
can, with great caution, be changed by the user. The second segment contains
permanent defaults which are values that must never be changed by the user since
any changes would corrupt the assessments.
5.1.1 User Changeable Defaults
The defaults contained in the DEFAULT.DAT file for meteorological data, inhalation
and ingestion rates, water use and agricultural productivity are the values approved-*
by EPA to demonstrate compliance as required by 40 CFR 61.93(a).
CAUTION: Any modification to the DEFAULT.DAT file must be
approved by EPA if the modified parameters are used to demonstrate
compliance per 40 CFR 61.93(a).
There may be users who, in rare instances, might need to change one or more of
these values for a specific purpose. The user, however, should be fully aware that
these values must only be changed when and if the user fully understands the.full
impact that the change(s) will have upon the assessments run with the user
specified values. .
CAUTION: If any of these values are changed without full knowledge
of the impact of the change(s), the resulting assessments could be
invalid for the intended purpose.
5.1.2 Permanent Defaults
The default values found in the second segment of the file contains defaults that
must not be changed by the user. These values are contained in the DEFAULT.DAT
file so that if directed by EPA, applicable defaults can be easily changed within this
file and promptly disseminated to all users. This will preclude the necessity of
modifying program code and disseminating new executable programs.
5-1
-------
5.2
CHANGEABLE DEFAULTS
5.2.1
Variable Names and Descriptions
The following is a list of variable names whose values can be changed by the user.
Also included are their units of measure, default values and a brief description. The
variable names here will match the names you will see in the DEFAULT.DAT file.
They are grouped in categories such as meteorological, agricultural, etc.
VARIABLE UNITS
TG
°K/m
BRTHRT cm3/hr
DD1 ,
DILFAC cm
USEFAC
FSUBG
DEFAULT
DESCRIPTION
Meteorological Defaults
.0728
.1090
.1455
Vertical temperature gradient
for Pasquill categories E, F,
and G (three element array)
Default Rates
UF
UL
UM
UV
kg/yr
kg/yr
liter/yr
kg/yr
85.0
18.0
112J
176J
9.167E + 5 Inhalation rate of man
0.5 Fraction of radioactivity retained on
leafy vegetables and produce after
washing
Ingestion rate of meat by man
Ingestion rate of leafy vegetables by
man
Ingestion rate of milk by man
i . - .
Ingestion rate of produce by man
Water Defaults
1.0 Depth of water for dilution for water
immersion doses
0.0 Fraction of time spent swimming
Agricultural Defaults
1.0
Fraction of produce ingested'grown in
garden of interest
5-2
-------
FSUBL
FSUBP
FSUBS
LAMW hr1
MSUBB kg
P kg/m2
QSUBF kg/day
R1
R2
TAUBEF
TSUBE1
TSUBE2
TSUBF
TSUBH1
TSUBH2
TSUBH3
hr
hr
day
hr
hr
hr
1.0
0.4
0.43
2.9E-3
200.0
215.0
15.6
0.57
0.2
3.81E-3
720.0
1440.0
2.0
0.0
2160.0
336.0
Fraction of leafy vegetables grown in
garden of interest
Fraction of year animals graze on
pasture
Fraction of daily feed that is .pasture
grass when animal grazes on pasture
Removal rate constant for physical
loss by weathering
Muscle mass of animal at slaughter
Effective surface density of soil, dry
weight (assumes 15 cm plow layer)
Consumption rate of contaminated
feed or forage by an animal (dry
weight) .
Fallout interception fraction-pasture
Fallout interception fraction-
vegetables
Fraction of animal herd slaughtered
per day
Period of exposure during growing
season-pasture grass
Period of exposure during growing
seasoncrops or leafy vegetables
Transport time: animal feed-milk-man
Time delay-ingestion of pasture grass
by animals
Time delay-ingestion of stored feed
by animals
Time delay-ingestion of leafy
vegetables by man
5-3
-------
TSUBH4
hr
336.0
Time delay-ingestion of produce by
man
TSUBS day
VSUBM liter/day
YSUBV1 kg/m2
YSUBV2 kg/m2
TSUBB yr
ILOC
JLOC
PLOC
GSCFAC
5.2.2
20.0
11.0 -
0.28
0.716
100.0
Average time from slaughter of meat
animal to consumption
Milk production of cow
Agricultural productivity by unit area
(grass-cow-milk-man pathway)
Agricultural productivity by unit
area (produce or leafy
vegetables ingested by man)
Period of long-term buildup'for activity
in soil
Miscellaneous Input Values
0
0
100.0
0.5
Changing Default Values
Direction index of the single location
used for individual calculations
Distance index of the single location
used for individual calculations
The percentile of the total risk to use
in choosing the location for the
exposure array used for the individual
tables. When ILOC and JLOC are both
0, PLOC is used.
A scaling factor used to correct
ground surface dose factors for
surface roughness
The DEFAULT.DAT file is located in the CAP88PC directory of the drive you have
chosen to load the system on. Go to this directory. Before you change anything in
this file, you may want to make a copy of the original DEFAULT.DAT file giving it a
different extension or save it on a floppy disk so that it can be easily retrieved.
Access DEFAULT.DAT (an ASCII file) using a word processor or a text editor. Find
the variable name whose value you want to change and simply replace the default
5-4
-------
value with.the value you want to use. The following are some conditions the user
needs to be aware of.
Additional digits can be included, exponential notation can be used in
place of decimal numbers and .decimal numbers can replace
exponential notation. Integer values should remain integers.
Do not delete any variables. The program will not abort but either zero or
some unpredictable value will be used which will invalidate the assessment
results.
Do not move the variables around. They must remain in the original
order and category. Each category begins with an Ampersand (&)
followed by four or more descriptive characters. Each category ends
with an &END. The &END must follow the last variable in the
category or be on a line by itself immediately following the last
variable.
*
The beginning of a category must be at the beginning of a line and
there must be one or more spaces separating it from the first variable
in the category.
Do not change the order or delete any of the categories. If the order is
changed or any category is eliminated the CAP88-PC system will
abort and/or produce totally invalid assessment results.
Additional lines can be added and variables moved from one line to
another as long as the order of the variables does not change.
There are no required number of spaces between variables but the
variables must be separated by commas. A comma is not required
between the last variable in a category and &END.
Be sure not to eliminate the equal (= ) sign between the variable and
the value or values in the case of an array. The variable TG is a three
element array; therefore, TG is followed by a single ±= sign which is
then followed by three values separated by commas. TG(1) will
contain .0728, TG(2) and TG(3) will contain the next two values
respectively. If any or all of these values should ever be changed, be
sure the values are entered in the correct order.
Change only the variables listed in 5.2.1 (Variable Names and
Descriptions). Do not alter in any way the variables and values in the
categories that follow the &INPUT category.
5-5
-------
Save the user altered file into DEFAULT.DAT after making sure that you have
saved the original DEFAULT.DAT so that it will not be destroyed by your altered
file. The new file is then ready to be used with the CAP88-PC System.
5.2.3 Restoring DEFAULT.DAT Values
When an assessment is executed The DEFAULT.DAT file is checked for changes. If
changes have been made to defaults listed in Section 5.2.1, the changes will be
printed to the screen (Figure 5-1} including the description, the original default
value and the user specified value. After all changes have been printed to the
screen, the user is given the opportunity to reset all defaults back to their original
values with a response of Y or N. It is not possible to reset individual values at this
point. Individual changes can only be made directly accessing the DEFAULT.DAT
file using a text editor or word processor as described in Section 5.2.2.
W A R N I N G !
The Following Default Ualues Haue Been Changed,
DO MOT USE these changes unless you fully understand
the EFFECTS of these Changes:
These changes CANNOT BE USED to denonstrate compliance
per 48 CFH 61,93(a) unless specifically approved by EPA,
Inhalation Rate of Nan
Changed Fron= 9.1678E+85
To= 8.5388E+85
Resetting of Indiuidual defaults cannot be done here,
CHANGE ALL DEFAULTS Back to their Original Ualues?
Figure 5-1. Default WARNING Message
If the user elects to have all defaults reset, all defaults will be overwritten with the
original defaults. The overwritten DEFAULT.DAT file will look a little different from
the original file; however, the only actual difference will be the spacing of the
variables. The variable names and values will be closer together using less lines.
5-6
-------
5.2.4 Alternative DEFAULT.DAT Files
The user may want to create alternative default files with user specified values.
Before initiating the CAP88-PC system the user would copy the default file they
need for a given run into DEFAULT.DAT.
WARNING: CAP88-PC must have a DEFAULT.DAT file available in.
order for it to run.
It is not possible to alter any of the specified default values once CAP88-PC has
been initiated except to reset all defaults to their original values. Therefore, when a
user needs alternative default values it is the user's responsibility to assure that the
appropriate alternative DEFAULT.DAT file is available when CAP88-PC is initiated.
When a DEFAULT.DAT file containing user altered default values is used, there will
be a CAUTION message on the beginning page of the SYNOPSIS Report stating
that defaults have been changed. The specific changes will be listed on the
following page including the default description, the original default value,"and the
user specified value. This will alert the originators and anyone using the outputs
that defaults have been changed and what changes have been made.
5.3 PERMANENT DEFAULTS
The DEFAULT.DAT file contains defaults that must not be changed by the user. All
defaults beginning with &ORGAN through the end of the file must contain the
original default values which can only be changed at the direction of EPA.
Permanent Defaults that MUST MOT BE ALTERED by the user
haue been changed. They ui11 be RESET to preuent CAP88-PC
fron producing inualid results.
Figure 5-2. Reset of Permanent Defaults Message
If any of the permanent defaults are changed, except at the direction of EPA, the
CAP88-PC system wiH detect those changes and reset them to their original
values. If this should happen a message will be printed to the screen informing the
user that these permanent defaults have been reset (Figure 5-2). If the user has
changed default values defined as changeable by the user, the system will not
reset those user changeable values except at the direction of the user.
5-7
-------
6.1
Chapters
SAMPLE ASSESSMENT
CAP88-PC SAMPLE INPUT SCREENS
The following screens contain the data used to generate a sample assessment as an
example for the user. This sample assessment was generated using the CAP88-PC
screen interface and the outputs are the outputs generated by executing this
assessment from the main menu. The following screens are the data entry/selection
screens used to generate the assessment.
Facility:
Address:
City:
Zip:
Enissioniyear:
Source category:
Connents:
FACILITY INFORMATION
Reactiue Metals
Dataset Date: Mar 18, 1992 2=13 pn
iactiue Metals
Suit Screen Menu Prgu/Ttext
6-1
-------
RUM INFORMATION
Run type: PSpflat'|(5n
Population file to use:
Generate genetic effects?
Create Dose and Risk Factor file?
Create Concentration Table file?
Create Chi/Q Table file?
Reactiue Metals
jju it Screen Menu Preu/Mext Change
HETEOROLOGICAL DATA
Mind file to use'
Annua1 prec i p i tat i on:
Annual anbient tenperature:
Height of lid:
Reactiue Hetals
(cn/y)
(n)
Quit Screen Menu Preu/Hext List Box
6-2
-------
SOURCE DATA
Source type:
Source tt:
Height:
(n)
Dianeter:
(n)
Reactiue Hetals
Munber of sources/ |gf
4 5 6
Plune rise'
Enter exit uelocity (neters/sec)
for each source,
Quit Screen tlenu Preu/Hext Change
AGRICULTURAL DATA
Source:
Fraction hone produced:
Fraction fron assessnent area:
Fraction inported:
Uegetable Hi Ik
Reactiue Hetals
Beef
Beef cattle density: (tl/kn2)
Hi Ik cattle density: 5K.1$)gsB (Jt/knz)
Land fraction cultiuated
for uegetable crops:
wmm.
Quit Screen Menu Preu/Hext Change
6-3
-------
Reactiue Metals
RADIOMUCLIDE LIST
Muclide
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
Munber of nuclides: 4
quit Scr Menu Preu/Hext List Box Del
Reactiue Metals
RELEASE DATA
Source «: <1> 2 3 4 56
Muclide Ci/y
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
38E-4
1.73E-6
Quit Scr Menu Preu/Hext Increnent Source It
6-4
-------
Source «: 1<2> 3 4 5 6
fiudide Ci/y
U-234
D-235
U-236
U-238
21E-4
33E-6
Source tt= i 2 <3> 4 5 6
Muclide
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
Ci/y
18E-9
Source |: 1 2 3 <4> 5 6
Muclide Ci/y
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
6E-13
,4E-9
JL2E-7
Source tt= 1 2 3 4 <5> 6
Muclide Ci/y
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
i,48E-6
.Source «: 1 2 3 4 5 <6>
Muclide Ci/y
:,69E-8
3.4E-5
1.79E-6
3.55E-3
6-5
-------
SI2E & CLASS DATA
Reactiue Hetals
Nuclide Si2e Class
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
Quit Scr Menu Preu/»ext Change
6-6
-------
6.2 CAP88-PC SAMPLE OUTPUT
The following pages contain the output for a sample assessment. The following are a
listing of all the possible outputs generated by CAP88PC.
Synopsis Report: The following document is the Synopsis Report generated by the
sample assessment. The Synopsis Report contains a composite of the most generally
used information generated by the assessment.
General Data: This file contains input data plus other general data. Includes
radionuclide-dependent variables, radionuclide-independent variables, agricultural data,
and Radon working levels. .
Weather Data: This file contains the wind speeds and stability classes.
Dose and Risk Conversion Factors: This file contains: ingestion, inhalation, air
immersion, and ground surface dose conversion factors; absolute health risk, years of
life loss, and risk equivalent conversion factors for cancers due to ingestion,
inhalation, air immersion, and ground surface exposure; and genetic dose conversion
factors for ingestion, inhalation, air immersion, and ground surface exposures.
Note: This sample output contains only the dose and risk factors for U-234 to
conserve space.
Dose and Risk Equivalent Summary: This file contains the summaries of calculated
exposures and risks, broken down by organ, pathway, radionuclide, and cancer.
, i
Concentration Tables: This file contains the concentration tables generated by the
AIRDOS code.
Note: This sample output contains only a representative sample to conserve
space.
Chi/Q Table: A table of//Q values for each radionuclide in the assessment.
6-7
-------
6.2.1
Synopsis Report
CAP88-PC
Version 1.00 .
Clean Air Act Assessment Package - 1988
SYNOPSIS REPORT
Non-Radon Population Assessment
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
Facility:
Address:
;City:
State:
Reactive Metals
Address
Ashtabula
OH Zip:
Effective Dose Equivalent
(mrem/year)
. 7.48E-01
At This Location:
Source Category:
Source Type:
Emission Year:
310 Meters East Northeast
DOE Facilities
Stack
1986
Comments: Reactive Metals Population Run
Dataset Name: Reactive Metals
Dataset Date: Mar 10, 1992 2:13 pm
Wind File: WNDFILES\ERI0610.WND
Population File: POPFILES\RMICOMPY.POP
6-8
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
SYNOPSIS
Page 1
MAXIMALLY EXPOSED INDIVIDUAL
Location of the individual:
Lifetime Fatal Cancer Risk:
310 Meters East
l.OOE-05
Northeast
ORGAN DOSE EQUIVALENT SUMMARY
Organ
Selected
Individual
(tnrem/y)
Collective
Population
person-rem/y
GONADS
BREAST
R MAR
LUNGS
THYROID
ENDOST
RMNDR
EFFEC
4.33E-04
7.33E-04
6.25E-03
6.19E+00
3.88E-04
7.97E-02
7.64E-03
7.48E-01
5.53E-03
6.23E-03
1.54E-01
1.01E+01
5.41E-03
2.04E+00
1.81E-01
1.35E+00
FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF LIFETIME FATAL CANCER RISKS
Risk Range
1
1
1
1
1
1
.OE+00 TO
.OE-01 TO
.OE-02 TO
.OE-03 TO
.OE-04 TO
.OE-05 TO
LESS THAN
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.OE-01
.OE-02
.OE-03
. OE-04
.OE-05
.OE-06
.OE-06
Number of
People
0
0
0
0
1
1049
1399124
Number Of People
In This Risk
Range Or Higher
0
0
0
0
1
1050
1400174
Deaths/Year
In This
Risk Range
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
1.42E-07
3.66E-05
2.05E-04
Deaths/Year
In This Risk
Range Or Higher
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
1.42E-07
3.68E-05
2.42E-04
6-9
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
SYNOPSIS
Page 2
RADIONUCLIDE EMISSIONS DURING THE YEAR 1986
Nuclide Class Amad
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
Y
Y
Y
Y
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
Source Source Source Source
#1 #2 #3 #4
Ci/y Ci/y Ci/y Ci/y
Source Source
#5 #6
Ci/y Ci/y
2.4E-04 3.2E-04 3.2E-09 9.6E-13 O.OE+00 2.7E-08
1.7E-06 2.3E-06 7.9E-07 2.4E-09 5.5E-06 3.4E-05
O.OE+00 O.OE+00 O.OE+00 O.QE+00 O.OE+00 1.8E-06
2.4E-04 3.2E-04 4.0E-04 1.2E-07 7.6E-04 3.6E-03
TOTAL
Ci/y
5.6E-04
4.4E-05
1.8E-06
5.3E-03
SITE INFORMATION
Temperature:
Precipitation:
Mixing Height:
10 degrees C
89 cm/y
800 m '
6-10
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
SYNOPSIS
Page 3
SOURCE INFORMATION
Source Number:
Stack Height (m):
Diameter (m) :
Plume Rise
Momentum (m/s):
(Exit Velocity)
2 ,
15.24 15.24 15.24 15.24 7.62 10.06
0.41 0.46 0.58 0.36 0.25 0.30
1.35E+01 9.25E+00 1.95E+01 3.79E+00 7.94E+00 1.50E+01
AGRICULTURAL DATA
Vegetable
Fraction Home Produced: 0.076
Fraction From Assessment Area: 0.924
Fraction Imported: 0.000
Milk
0.000
1.000
0.000
Meat
0.008
0.992
0.000
Beef Cattle Density: 2.03E-01
Milk Cattle Density: 4.56E-02
Land Fraction Cultivated
for Vegetable Crops: 1.70E-02
6-11
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
SYNOPSIS
Page 4
POPULATION DATA
Distance (m)
' Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
'E
ENE
NE
NNE
,310
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0 '
810
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1500
0
0
1987
0
0
421
0
0
0
101
0
0
0
0
0
0
2500
1043
113
0
2218
2435
810
0
4350
0
Q
0
851
780
55
0
0
3500
0
0
0
0
3014
0
2435
407
2002
0
0
0
0
0
, 0
0
4500
0
0
0
0
288
293
0
4223
0
0
0
0
' 89
0
0
0
7500
0
0
0
0
183
1108
1688
3024
534
- .o«
974
125
793
0
0
0
Distance (m)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
, S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
0
0
0
0
380
779
3376
3059
8224
984
1388
3161
265
14641
0
0
25000
0
0
0
0
0
15354
3448
3396
2252
1792
2021
827
1693
6332
0
0
35000
0
0
0
0
0
8786
7591
3128
2388
3659
3148
3252
5397
5986
0
0
45000
0
0
0
0
0
48943
6999
6847
5752
3759
5123
3712
1338
13324
0
0
55000
o
0
0
0
0
63357
23331
8940
7858
7416
4351
25127
11236
45833
0
0
70000
0
0
0
0
0
319944
187240
27255
140074
80933
14935
15531
17820
150138
0
0
6-12
-------
6.2.2
General Data
CAP88-PC
Version 1.00
Clean Air Act Assessment Package - 1988
GENERAL
DATA
Non-Radon Population Assessment
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
Facility:
Address:
City:
State:
Reactive Metals
Address
Ashtabula
OH
Zip:
Source Category: DOE Facilities
Source Type:. Stack
Emission Year: 1986
Comments: Reactive Metals Population Run
Dataset Name:
Dataset Date:
Wind File:
Population File:
Reactive Metals
Mar 10, 1992 2:13 pm
WNDFILES\ERI0610.WND
POPFILES\RMICOMPY.POP I
6-13
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:'ll am GENERAL
Page 1
VALUES FOR RADIONUCLIDE-DEPENDENT PARAMETERS
Dry
Particle Scavenging Deposition
Clearance Size Coefficient' Velocity
Nuclide Class (microns) (psr second)
U-234 Y 1.0 8.90E-06 1.80E-03
U-235 -. Y 1.0 8.90E-06 1.80E-03
U-236 Y 1.0 8.90E-06 1.80E-03
U-238 Y 1.0 8.90E-06 1.80E-03
6-14
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
GENERAL
Page 2
VALUES FOR RADIONUCLIDE-DEPENDENT PARAMETERS
DECAY CONSTANT (PER DAY)
TRANSFER COEFFICIENT
Nuclide .
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
Radio-
active (1)
O.OOE+00
0 . OOE+00
,,0 . OOE+00
O.OOE+00
Surface
5.48E-05
5.48E-05
5.48E-05
5.48E-05
Water
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
Milk (2)
6.00E-04
6.00E-04
6.00E-04
6.00E-04
Meat ( 3 )
2.00E-04
2.00E-04
2.00E-04
2.00E-04
FOOTNOTES: (1) Effective radioactive decay constant in plume;
set to zero if less than l.OE-2
, .(2) Fraction of animal's daily intake of nuclide
which appears in each L of milk (days/L)
(3) Fraction of animal's daily intake of nuclide
which appears in. each kg of meat (days/kg)
6-15
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
GENERAL
Page 3
VALUES FOR RADIONUCLIDE-DEPENDENT PARAMETERS
Nuelide
CONCENTRATION
UPTAKE FACTOR
Forage (1)
Edible (2)
GI UPTAKE FRACTION
Inhalation
Ingestion
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238 .
8 . 50E-03
8.50E-03
8.50E-03
8.50E-03
1.71E-03
1.71E-03
1.71E-03
1.71E-03
2.00E-03
2.00E-03
2.00E-03
2.00E-03 .
2.00E-01
2.00E-01
2.00E-01
2.00E-01
FOOTNOTES: (1) Concentration factor for uptake of nuclide from soil for
pasture and forage (in pCi/kg dry weight per pCi/kg dry soil)
(2) Concentration factor for uptake of nuclide from soil by edible
parts of crops (in pCi/kg wet weight per pCi/kg dry soil)*
6-16
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
GENERAL
Page 4
NUMBER OF BEEF CATTLE
Distance (meters)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
. 310
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
' 2
2
2
2
2
2
2
810
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1500
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
. 12
2500
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
3500
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
28
4500
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
36,
36
36
36
36
36
36
36
7500
^ 299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
299
,299
' 299
299
299
299
299
Distance (meters)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
1196
1196
1196
1196
1196
1196
1196
1196
. 1196
1196
1196
1196
1196
1196
1196
1196
25000
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
1993
35000
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
2790
45000 55000
3587
»3587
3587
3587
3587
3587
3587
3587
3587
3587
3587
, 3587
3587
3587
3587
3587
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
4384
70000
11161
11161
11161
11161
11161
11161
11161
11161"
11161
11161
11161
11161
11161
11161
11161
11161
6-17
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
GENERAL
Page 5
NUMBER OF MILK CATTLE
Distance (meters)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
310
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
,0
0.
0
0
0
0
0
. 0
0
810
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1500
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2500
4
4
4
4 '
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3500
6
6 *
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
4500
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8-
8-
8
8
8
8
8
7500
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
67
7
67
67
67
67
67
67
Distance (meters)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW .
W -
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
269
' 269
269
269
269
269
269
269
269
269
269
269
269
269
269
269
25000
448
448
448
448
448
448
448
448
448
448
448
448
448
448
448
. 448
35000
627
627
627
627
627
627
627
627
627
627
627
627
627.
627
627
627
45000 55000
806
806
806
806
806
806
806
806
806
806
806
806
806'
806
806
806
985
985
985
985
985
985
985
985
985
985
985
985
985
985
985
985
70000
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
2507
6-18
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
GENERAL
Page 6
AREA OF VEGETABLE CROP PRODUCTION (M**2)
Distance (meters)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
310
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1 . 3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
1.3E+03
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
810
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
.1E+03
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1500
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04.
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
. OE+04
.OE+04
2500
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04'
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1.7E+04
1. 7E+04
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
2.
3500
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3E+04
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
' 3
3
4500
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
. OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
'. OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04
.OE+04 .
.OE+04
.OE+04
7500
2. 5E+05
2.5E+05
2.5E+05
2.5E+05
2.5E+05
2.5E+05
- 2 . 5E+05 -
2.5E+05
2.5E+05 .
2.5.E+05
2.5E+05
2.SE+05
2.5E+05
2.5E+05 .
2.5E+05
2.5E+05
Distance (meters)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW .
W ,
WSW
SW
SSW
' S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
l.OE+06
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
' 1
1
25000
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
, 7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
.7E+06
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
35000
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
45000
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.0E+06
3.
3.
3.
'3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
3.
55000
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
7E+06
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
70000
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.. 3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
.3E+06
6-19
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
GENERAL
Page 7
VALUES FOR RADIONUCLIDE-INDEPENDENT PARAMETERS
HUMAN INHALATION RATE
Cubic centimeters/hr
9.17E+05
SOIL PARAMETERS
Effective surface density (kg/sq m, dry weight.)
(Assumes 15 cm plow.layer)
2.15E+02
BUILDUP TIMES
For activity in soil (years)
For radionuclides deposited on ground/water (days)
l.OOE+02
3.65E+04
DELAY TIMES
Ingestion 'of pasture grass by animals (hr)
Ingestion of stored feed by animals (hr)
Ingestion of leafy vegetables by man (hr)
Ingestion of produce by man (hr)
Transport time from animal feed-milk-man (day)
Time from slaughter to consumption (day)
O.OOE+00
2.16E+03
3/36E+02
3.36E+02
2.00E+00
2.00E+01
WEATHERING .
Removal rate constant,for physical loss (per hr)
2.90E-03
CROP EXPOSURE DURATION
Pasture grass (hr)
Crops/leafy vegetables (hr)
7..20E+02
1.44E+03
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
Grass-cow-milk-man pathway (kg/sq m)
Produce/leafyveg for human consumption (kg/sq m)
2.80E-01
7.16E-01
FALLOUT INTERCEPTION FRACTIONS
Vegetables
Pasture
2.00E-01
5.70E-01
GRAZING PARAMETERS
Fraction of year animals graze on pasture
Fraction of daily feed that is pasture grass
when animal grazes on pasture
4.00E-01
4.30E-01
6-20
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
GENERAL
Page 8
VALUES FOR RADIONUCLIDE-INDEPENDENT PARAMETERS
ANIMAL FEED CONSUMPTION FACTORS
Contaminated feed/forage (kg/day, dry weight)
1.56E+01
DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY
Milk production of cow (L/day)
1.10E+01
MEAT ANIMAL SLAUGHTER PARAMETERS
Muscle mass of animal at slaughter (kg)
Fraction of herd slaughtered (per day)
2.00E+02
3.81E-03
DECONTAMINATION
Fraction of radioactivity retained after washing
for leafy vegetables and produce
5.00E-01
FRACTIONS GROWN IN GARDEN OF INTEREST
Produce ingested
Leafy vegetables ingested
l.OOE+00
l.OOE+00
INGESTION RATIOS:
IMMEDIATE SURROUNDING AREA/TOTAL WITHIN AREA
Vegetables
Meat
Milk
7.60E-02
8.00E-03
O.OOE+00
MINIMUM INGESTION FRACTIONS FROM OUTSIDE AREA .
(Actual fractions of food types from outside area can
be greater, than the minimum fractions listed below.)
\ . Vegetables
Meat
Milk
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
O.OOE+00
HUMAN FOOD UTILIZATION FACTORS
Produce ingestion (kg/y)
Milk ingestibn (L/y)
Meat ingestion (kg/y)
Leafy vegetable ingestion (kg/y)
1.76E+02
1.12E+02
8.50E+01
1.80E+01
SWIMMING PARAMETERS
Fraction of time spent swimming
Dilution factor for water (cm)
O.OOE+00
l.OOE+00
6-21
-------
6.2.3
Weather Data
CAP88-PC
Version 1.00
Clean Air Act Assessment Package - 1988
WEATHER DATA
Non-Radon Population Assessment
Mar 11,, 1992 8:11 am .
Facility:
Address:
City:
State:
Reactive Metals
Address
Ashtabula
OH
Zip:
Source Category: DOE Facilities
Source Type: Stack
Emission Year: 1986
Comments: Reactive Metals Population Run
Dataset Name:
Dataset Date:
Wind File:
Population File:
Reactive Metals
Mar 10, 1992 2:13 pm
WNDFILES\ERI0610.WND
POPFILES\RMICOMPy.POP
6-22
-------
Mar 11,
Dir
N
NNW
NW
WNW
. W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
1992 8
A .
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
2.572
0.000
2.277
2.572
2.572
2.226
2.572
0.000
0.000
2 . 572
: 11 am
HARMONIC AVERAGE
B
1 . 604
2.155
1.419
1.411
1.947
2.155
2.270
3.024
3.077
3.147
3.172
2.954
3.009
2.971
2.552
1.594
Pasquill
C
3.331
3.457
3.287
3.521
2.876
3.027
4.147
4 . 142
4.005
3.829
3.644
4.350
4.745
4.181
4.025
3.776
WIND SPEEDS
(WIND
TOWARDS )
WEATHER
Page 1
Stability Class
b
5.143
5.642
4.170
2.913
3.063
4.39'5
4.744
4.556
4.249
4.534
4.878
5.494
5.729
' 5.376
5.045
5.389
3
3
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
E
.476
.428
.960
.808
.945
.2,65
.252
.354
.360
.466
.132
.271
.578
.382
.368
.458
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
F
.682
.447
.379
.339
.497
.684
.729
.655
.443
.573
.376
.455
.697
.632
.584
.834
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0'.
0.
G
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
Wind
Frequency
0.209
0.062
0.023
0.017
0.027
0.040
0.048
0.030
0.052
0.042
0.044
6.068 "
t)'. 104
0.072
0.068
0.094
ARITHMETIC AVERAGE WIND SPEEDS (WIND TOWARDS)
Pasquill Stability Class
Dir
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
.A
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000 .
2.572
0.000
2 . 472
2.572
2.572
2.452 -
2.572
0.000
0.000
2.572
B
2.657
2.803
2.029
2 . 203
2.912
2.803
3.009
3.392
3.618
3.596
3.642
3.516
3.732
3.344
3.138
2.688
C
4.044
3.936
3.920
3.867
3.519
3.804
4.935
4.733,
4.428
4.179
4.056
4.815
5.230
4.692
4.688
4.417
D
6.318
7.070
5.893
3.990
3.980
5.374
5.907
5.611 .
5.250 .
5.681
5.992
6.619
6.747
6.433
6.231
6.536
E
3.709
3.664
3.145
2.939
'3.126
3.500
3 . 486
3.591
.3.598
3.700
3 . 3-54
3.507
3.801
3.619
3.605
3.692
F
2.164
1.972
1.904
1.861
2.018
2.165
2.196
v 2.145
1.969
2.082
1.901
1.980
2.1-75
2.128
2.090 .
2.261
G
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
6-23
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
WEATHER
Page 2
FREQUENCIES OF STABILITY CLASSES (WIND TOWARDS)
Pasquill Stability Class
Dir
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
'E
ENE
NE
NNE
TOT
.»
.0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0 . 0000
0.0000
0.0006
0.0000
0.0034
0.0007 .
0.0016
0.0022
0.0003
0.0000
0.0000
0.0003
0.0005
B
0.0071
0.0063
0.0228
0.0226
0.0199
0.0098
0.0138
0.0333
0.1078
0.1436
0.1095
0.0526
0.0199
0.0127
0.0103
0.0083
0.0298 .
C
0.0543
0.0385
0.0701
0.0654
0.0622
0.0659
0.1167
0.1654
0.2034
0.1686
0.1666
0.1581
0.1260
0.0724
0.0585
0.0537
0.0944
D
0.6142
0.7396
0.5830
0.4320
0.4993
0.6985
0.7377
, 0.6880
0.5935
0.5927
0.6510
0.7362
0.7958
0.7863
0.7746
0.7261
0.6871
E
0.1552
0.1142
^ 0.1338
0.2044
0.1925
0.1422
0.0944
0.0675
0.0565
0.0617
0.0465
0.0274
0.0423
0.0823
0.1024
0.1064
0.1003
F.
0.1693
0.1014
0.1902
0.2756
0.2262
0.0835
0.0369
0.0458
0.0354
0.0327
0,0249
0.0234
0.0156
0.0463
0.0542
0.1051-
0.0878
G
0.0000
0 . 0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000 *
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
0.0000
ADDITIONAL WEATHER INFORMATION
Average Air Temperature:
Precipitation:
Lid Height:
Surface Roughness Length:
Height Of Wind Measurements:
Average Wind Speed:
10.0 degrees G
283.2 K
89.0 cm/y
800 meters
0.010 meters
10.0 meters
5.347 m/s
Vertical Temperature Gradients:
STABILITY E 0.073 k/m
STABILITY F 0.109 k/m
STABILITY G 0.146 k/ra -
6-24
-------
6.2.4
Dose and Risk Conversion Factors
CAP88-PC
Version 1.00
Clean Air Act Assessment Package - 1988
DOSE
AND
RISK
C O N V E R S ION
FACTORS
Non-Radon Population Assessment
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
Facility:
Address:
City:
State:
Reactive Metals
Address
Ashtabula
OH Zip:
Source Category: DOE Facilities
Source Type: Stack
Emission Year: 1986
Comments: Reactive Metals Population Run
Dataset Name: Reactive Metals
Dataset Date: Mar 10, 1992 2:13 pm
Wind File: WNDFILES\ERI0610.WND
Population File: POPFILES\RMICOMPY.POP
6-25
-------
Mar 11, 1992
8:11 am
FACTOR
Page 1
DOSE AND RISK FACTOR UNITS
The units for each type of dose rate conversion factor are
shown below, by pathway:
Pathway
Units
Ingestibn millirem/picoCurie
Inhalation millirem/picoCurie
Immersion millirem-cubic centimeter/microCurie-year
Surface millirem-square centimeter/microCurie-year
Risks for internal exposures (inhalation and ingestion) are the
lifetime risk of premature death in a birth cohort of 100,000
people for a 1 picoCurie/year intake rate, where the average
lifetime is 70.7565 years. This is simplified to lifetime risk
per 100,000 picoCuries.
The units for each type of risk conversion factor are
shown below, by pathway: .
Pathway
Units
Ingestion lifetime risk/100,000 picoCuries
Inhalation lifetime risk/100;000 picoCuries
Immersion lifetime risk-cubic centimeter/100,000 picoCurie-years
Surface lifetime risk-square centimeter/100,000 picoCurie-years
6-26
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am .
TESTES
OVARIES
AVERAGE
************************
* NUCLIDE U-234 *
************************
FACTOR
Page 2
Organ
GONADS
BREAST
R MAR
LUNGS
THYROID
ENDOST
RMNDR
EFFEC
DOSE
Ingestion
3.851E-05
3.851E-05
1.031E-03
3.851E-05
3.851E-05
1.625E-02
1.396E-03
1.051E-03
RATE CONVERSION
Inhalation
9.854E-06
9.987E-06
2.576E-04
1.099E+00
9.852E-06
4.059E-03
3.763E-04
1.321E-01
FACTORS
Air
Immersion
8.140E+05
2.046E+06
2.760E+05
4. 107E+05
6.068E+05
7.104E+05
3.777E+05
7.456E+05
Ground
Surface
7.067E+02
3.585E+03
9.139E+01
,1.735E+02
2.305E+02
2.949E+02
1.251E+02
7.996E+02
GENETIC EFFECT DOSE RATE CONVERSION FACTORS
1.058E-03
1.058E-03
1.058E-03
2.278E-04
2.280E-04
2.279E-04
2.442E+07
9.102E+06
1.676E+07
120E+04
408E+03
1.230E+04
RISK CONVERSION FACTORS
Cancer
LEUKEMIA
BONE
THYROID
BREAST
LUNG
STOMACH
BOWEL .
LIVER
PANCREAS
URINARY
OTHER
Ingestion
1.006E-04
8.532E-05
6.663E-07
5.605E-06
7.126E-06
5.173E-06
7.559E-06
5.015E-06
3.500E-06
3.044E-04
4-.280E-06
Inhalation
2.329E-05
1.952E-05
1.543E-07
1.274E-06
1.761E-01
1.344E-06
4.292E-06
1.123E-06
7.735E-07
6. 699E-05
9.461E-07
Air
Immersion
8.742E-02
1.257E-02
2.760E-02
8.014E-01
2.036E-01
1.096E-01
5.172E-02
1.212E-01
6.471E-02
4.689E-02
7.915E-02
Ground
Surface
2.895E-05
5.219E-06
1.048E-05
1.404E-03
8.603E-05
3.621E-05
1.577E-05
3.269E-OS
2.715E-05
1.258E-05
3.321E-05
AVERAGE
GENETIC EFFECT RISK CONVERSION FACTORS
3.657E-11 7.892E-12 4.358E+00
3.198E-03
6-27
-------
6.2.5
Dose and Risk Equivalent Summaries
CAPSS-^PC
Version 1.00
Clean Air Act Assessment Package - 1988
DOSE AND RISK EQUIVALENT SUMMARIES
Non-Radon Population Assessment
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
Facility: Reactive Metals
Address: Address
City: Ashtabula
State: OH Zip:
Source Category: DOE Facilities
Source Type: Stack
Emission Year: 1986
Comments: Reactive Metals Population Run
Dataset Name: Reactive Metals
Dataset Date: Mar 10, 1992 2:13 pm
.Wind File: WNDFILES\ERI0610.WND
Population File: POPFILES\RMICOMPY.POP
6-28
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
SUMMARY
Page 1
ORGAN DOSE EQUIVALENT SUMMARY
Organ
Selected
Individual
(mrem/y)
Collective
Population
(person-rem/y)
GONADS
BREAST
R MAR
LUNGS
THYROID
ENDOST
RMNDR
EFFEC
4.33E-04
7.33E-04
6.25E-03
6.19'E+OO
3.88E-04
7.97E-02
7.64E-03
7.48E-01
5.53E-03
6.23E-03
1.54E-01
1.01E+01
5.41E-03
2.04E+00
1.81E-01
1.35E+00
PATHWAY EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENT SUMMARY
Pathway
Selected
Individual
(mrem/y)
Collective
Population
(person-rem/y)
INGESTION
INHALATION
AIR IMMERSION
GROUND SURFACE
INTERNAL
EXTERNAL
TOTAL
3.82E-03
7.44E-01
5.10E-09
2.18E-04
7.48E-01
2.18E-04
7.48E-01
1.34E-01
1.22E+00
7.98E-09
4.98E-04
1.35E+00
4.98E-04
1.35E+00
6-29
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am SUMMARY
Page 2
NUCLIDE EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENT SUMMARY
Selected Collective
Individual Population
Nuclides (mrem/y) (person-rem/y)
U-234 5.54E-02 1.38E-01
U-235 6.32E-03 1.10E-02
U-236 2.56E-04 4.39E-04
U-238 6.87E-01 1.20E+00
TOTAL 7.48E-01 1.35E+00
6-30
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
SUMMARY.
Page 3
CANCER RISK SUMMARY
Selected Individual
Total Lifetime
Cancer Fatal Cancer Risk
Total Collective
Population Fatal
Cancer Risk
(Deaths/y)
LEUKEMIA 7.91E-09
BONE 4.23E-09
THYROID 1.19E-10
BREAST > 2.36E-09
LUNG 9.98E-06
STOMACH , 7.62E-10
BOWEL 1.70E-09
LIVER 6.89E-10
PANCREAS .4.51E-10
URINARY , 1.51E-08
OTHER r 5.52E-10
TOTAL l.OOE-05
.69E-06
.55E-06
.50E-08
1.72E-07
2.31E-04
1.10E-07
1.77E-07
9.44E-08
7.35E-08
5.60E-06
8.98Er-08
2.42E-04
2.
1.
1.
PATHWAY RISK SUMMARY
Pathway
Selected Individual
Total Lifetime
Fatal Cancer Risk
Total Collective
Population Fatal
Cancer Risk
(Deaths/y)
INGESTION
INHALATION
AIR IMMERSION
GROUND SURFACE
INTERNAL
EXTERNAL
TOTAL
2.10E-08
9.99E-06
1.18E-13
4.93E-09
l.OOE-05
4.93E-09
l.OOE-05
04E-05
31E-04
61E-12
59E-07
42E-04
59E-07
2.42E-04
6-31
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am SUMMARY
Page 4
PATHWAY GENETIC RISK SUMMARY
(Collective Population)
Genetic Risk
Pathway (person-rem/y)
INGESTION . 6.32E-04
INHALATION . 1.36E-05
AIR IMMERSION 7.18E-09
GROUND SURFACE 3.83E-04
INTERNAL 6.45E-04
EXTERNAL 3.83E-04
TOTAL 1.03E-03
6-32
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am SUMMARY
Page 5
NUCLIDE RISK SUMMARY
Total Collective
Selected Individual Population Fatal
Total Lifetime Cancer Risk
Nuclide . Fatal Cancer Risk (Deaths/y)
U-234 '7.36E-07 2.44E-05
U-235 8.58E-08 1.99E-06
U-236 3.40E-09 7.77E-08
U-238. 9.19E-06 2.15E-04
TOTAL l.OOE-05 2.42E-04
6-33
-------
Mar 11, 1992
8: 11 am
INDIVIDUAL EFFECTIVE DOSE EQUIVALENT RATE (mrem/y)
(All Radionuclides and Pathways)
SUMMARY
Page 6
Distance (m)
.Direction
N
' NNW
NW .
WNW
W
, wsw
sw
ssw
'," s -
SSE
SE
ESE
. E .
ENE
NE
NNE
310
O.OE+00
O.OE+00.
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0. OE+00
7.5E-01
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
810
O.OE+00
2.2E-01
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
5.4E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
6.3E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4.7E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
2500
1.8E-01
4.4E-02
O.OE+00
2.6E-02
3.4E-02
2.9E-02
O.OE+00
1.7E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.9E-02
4.2E-02
3.9E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00 -
3500
O.OE+00
,0. OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.0E-02
0- OE+00
1.66-02
l.OE-02
1.6E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
1 . 4E-02
1.2E-02
O.OE+00
6.9E-03
O.OE+00
0. OE+00 -
O.OE+OQ
O.OE+00
1.7E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
7500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00 .
6.7E-03
5 . 6E-03
5.0E-03
3.2E-03
5.1E-03
O.OE+OO
3.9E-03
5 . 4E-03
7.8E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
Distance (m)
Direction
N
NNW.
NW
WNW
W
WSW
sw
ssw
s
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.5E-03
2.1E-03
1.9E-03
1.2E-03
1.9E-03
1.4E-03
1.4E-03
2.0E-03
2.8E-03
2 . 7E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
25000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
l.OE-03
9.0E-04
6.0E-04
9.0E-04
7.1E-04
7.0E-04
9.4E-04
1.3E-03
1.3E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
35000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
6.6E-04
5.9E-04
4.0E-04
5.9E-04
4.7E-04
4.7E-04
6.1E-04
8.6E-04
8.3E-04
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
45000
0, OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4.8E-04
4.3E-04
3.0E-04
4.3E-O4
3.5E-04
3 . 5E-04
4.4E-04
6. 1E-04
5.9E-04
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
55000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3.7E-04
3.4E-04
2.4E-04
3.4E-04
2.8E-04
2.8E-04
3.4E-04
4.7E-04
4.5E-04
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
70000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.6E-04
2.5E-04
1.9E-04
2.4E-04
2.1E-04
2.1E-04
2.5E-04
3'. 4E-04
3.1E-04
O.OE+00
OlOE+00
6-34
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
SUMMARY
Page 7
COLLECTIVE EFFECTIVE .DOSE EQUIVALENT (person rem/y)
(All Radionuclides and Pathways)
Distance (m)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
310
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00,
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
7.5E-04
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
810
O.OE+00
1.3E-03
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.1E-01
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
2 . 7E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4.7E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2500
l'.9E-01
5.0E-03
O.OE+00
5.7E-02
8.2E-02
"2.3E-02
O.OE+00
7.3E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.5E-02
3.3E-02
2.1E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
6.2E-02
O.OE+00
3.8E-02
4.1E-03
3.2E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0, OE+00
4.1E-03
3.5E-03
O.OE+00
2.9E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.5E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
7500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.2E-03
6.2E-03
8.5E-03
9.7E-03
2.7E-03
O.OE+00
3.5E-03 <
6.7E-04
6.2E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
Distance (m)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
9.6E-04
1.6E-03
6.3E-03
3.7E-03
1.5E-02
1.4E-03
2.0E-03
6.2E-03
7.5E-04
4.0E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
' 25000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.6E-02
3.1E-03
2.0E-03
2.0E-03
1.3E-03
1.4E^03
7 . 7E-04
2.3E-03
8.2E-03
O.OE+00-
0. OE+00
35000
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
5.8E-03
4.5E-03
1.3E-03
1.4E-03
1.7E-03
1.5E-03
2.0E-03
4.6E-03
5.0E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
45000
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.4E-02
3.0E-03
2.1E-03
2.5E-03
1.3E-03
1.8E-03
1 . 6E-03
8.2E-04
7.9E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
55000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.3E-02
7.9E-03
2.2E-03
2.6E-03
2.1E-03
1.2E-03
8.6E-03
5.3E-03
2.1E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
70000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0'. OE+00
O.OE+00
8.2E-02
4.6E-02
5.0E-03
3.4E-02
1 . 7E-02
3.1E-03
3.9E-03
6.0E-03
4.7E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
6-35
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
SUMMARY
Page 8
AVERAGE COLLECTIVE GENETIC DOSE EQUIVALENT
(person rem)
(All Radionuclides and Pathways)
Distance (m)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
310
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
l.OE-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
810
O.OE+00
1.9E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
o: OE+OO
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.7E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4.2E-04
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
8.1E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2500
2.9E-03
8.4E-05
O.OE+00
l.OE-03
1.4E-03
4.3E-04
O.OE+00
1 . 5E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4.7E-04
5.9E-04
3.8E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.2E-03
O.OE+00
8.4E-04
l.OE-04
7.3E-04
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
8.8E-05
8.2E-05
O.OE+00
8.7E-04
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3.4E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
7500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3.6E-05
2.0E-04
3.0E-04
4.5E-04
1 . OE-04
0". OE+00 *
1.6E-04
2.4E-05
1.9E^04
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
Distance (m)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
ssw
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
5.0E-05
l.OE-04
4..3E-04
3.5E-04
1.1E-03
1.2E-04
1 . 7E-04
4.2E-04
4.0E-05
2.1E-03
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
-25000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.7E-03
3.7E-04
3 . 4E-04
2.5E-04
1.9E-04
2.1E-04
9.2E-05
2.0E-04
7.3E-04
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
35000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
9.0E-04
7.7E-04
3.0E-04
2.5E-04
3.7E-04
3.1E-04
3.4E-04
5.9E-04
6.4E-04
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
45000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4.8E-03
6.9E-04
6.5E-04
5.7E-04
3.7E-04
5.0E-04
3.7E-04
1.4E-04
1.4E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
55000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
6.1E-03
2.2E-03
8.4E-04
7 . 6E-04
7 . 1E-04
4.1E-04
2.4E-03
1.1E-03
4.5E-03
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
70000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3.0E-02
1.8E-02
2.5E-03
l'.3E-02
7.6E-03
1.4E-03
1.5E-03
1.7E-03
1.4E-02
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
6-36
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
SUMMARY
Page 9
INDIVIDUAL LIFETIME RISK (deaths)
(All Radionuclides and Pathways)
Distance (m)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
310
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
l.OE-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
810
O.OE+00
3.0E-06
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
1500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
7.2E-07
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
8.5E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
6.2E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2500
2.5E-06
5.9E-07
O.OE+00
3.5E-07
4.5E-07
3.8E-07
O.OE+00
2.3E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3.9E-07
5.6E-07
5.1E-07
0. OE+00
O.OE+00
3500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.7E-07
O.OE+00
2.1E-07
1.3E-07
2.2E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.9E-07
1.6E-07
O.OE+00
9.2E-08
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.3E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0.. OE+00
7500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
8.9E-08
7 . 4E-08
6.6E-08
4.2E-08
6.7E-08
O.OE+00
5.1E-08 '
7J-1E-08
l.OE-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
Distance (m)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
.SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3.3E-08
2.8E-08
2.4E-08
1.6E-08
2.4E-08
1.8E-08
1.8E-08
2.5E-08
3.7E-08
3.6E-08
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
25000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.3E-08
1.1E-08
7.3E-09
1.1E-08
8.8E-09
8.7E-09
1.2E-08
1.7E-08
1.7E-08
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
35000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
8.1E-09
7.2E-09
4.7E-09
7.2E-09
5.6E-09
5.5E-09
7.4E-09
1.1E-08
l.OE-08
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
45000
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
5.7E-09
5.1E-09
3.4E-09
5.1E-09
4.0E-09
3.9E-09
5.2E-09
7.5E-09
7.2E-09
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
55000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
4.2E-09
3.8E-09
2.5E-09
3.8E-09
3.0E-09
3.0E-09
3.9E-09
5.5E-09
5.3E-09
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
70000
O.OE+00 .
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.7E-09
2.6E-09
1.8E-09
2.6E-09
2.1E-09
2.1E-09
2 . 7E-09
3.8E-09
3.5E-09
0'. OE+00
0. 'OE+00
6-37
-------
Mar 11, 1992
8:11 am
SUMMARY
Page 10
COLLECTIVE FATAL CANCER RATE (deaths/y)
(All Radionuclides and Pathways)
Distance (m)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
: WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE *
NE
NNE
310
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.4E-07-
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
810
O.OE+00
2.5E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0, OE+00
O.OE+00
1500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.0E-05
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
5.0E-06
O.OE+00
0. OE+00
O.OE+00
8.9E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2500
3.6E-05
9 . 5E-07
O.OE+00
1.1E-05
1.6E-05
4.4E-06
O.OE+00
1.4E-05
0. OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4.6E-06
6.2E-06
4.0E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.2E-05
0 . OE+00
7.2E-06
7.7E-07
6.1E-06
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+OO
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
4500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
7.7E-07
6.6E-07
O.OE+00
5.5E-06
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.8E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
7500
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.3E-07
1.2E-06
1.6E-06
1.8E-06
5.1E-07
O.OE+00
7 . OE-07*
-1.3E-07
1.2E-06
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
Distance (m)
Direction
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E .
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.8E-07
3.0E-07
1.2E-06
6. 7E-07
2.8E-06
2.6E-07
3.6E-07
1.1E-06
1.4E-07
7.4E-06
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
25000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
2.8E-06
5.5E-07
3.5.E-07
3.6E-07
2.2E-07
2.5E-07
1.4E-07
4.1E-07
1. 5E-06
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
35000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0, OE+00
l.OE-06
7.7E-07
2.1E-07
2.4E-07
2.9E-07
2.5E-07
3.4E-07
8.2E-07
8.8E-07
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
45000-
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
0 . OE+00
O.OE+00
4.0E-06
5.0E-07
3.3E-07
4.1E-07
2.1E-07
2.8E-07
2.7E-07
1.4E-07
1.4E-06
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
55000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
3.8E-06
1.3E-06
3.2E-07
4.2E-07
3.2E-07
1.8E-07
1.4E-06
8.8E-07
3.4E-06
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
70000
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
1.2E-05
6.8E-06
6.8E-07 ,
5.1E-06
2.4E-06
4.4E-07
5.8E-07
9.6E-07
7.4E-06
O.OE+00
O.OE+00
6-38
-------
6.2.6
Concentration Tables
CAP88-PC
Version 1.00
Clean Air Act Assessment Package - 1988
CONCENTRATION
TABLES
Non-Radon Population Assessment
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am ,
Facility:
Address:
City:
State:
Reactive Metals
Address
Ashtabula
OH
Zip:
Source Category: DOE Facilities
Source Type: Stack
Emission Year: 1986
Comments: Reactive Metals Population Run
Dataset Name:
Dataset Date:
Wind File:
Population File:
Reactive Metals
Mar 10, 1992 2:13 pm
WNDFILES\ERI0610.WND
POPFILES\RMICOMPY.POP
6-39
-------
Mar 11,
Wind
Toward
N
N .
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N.
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
1992 8:11 am
ESTIMATED RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATIONS
AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Distance
(meters)
310
310
310
310
810
' 810
810
810
1500
1500
1500
1500
2500
2500
2500
2500
3500
3500
3500
3500
' 4500
4500
4500
4500
7500
7500
7500
7500
15000
15000
.15000
15000
25000
25000
25000
25000
35000
35000
35000
35000
45000
45000
45000 .
45000
55000
55000
55000
Nuclide
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
. U-234 .
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234 .
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
Air
Concentration
. (PCi/m3)
1.4E-04
1.8E-05 '
7.2E-07
2.1E-03
6.7E-05
7.4E-06
3.0E-07
8.6E-04
3.4E-05
3.2E-06
1.3E-07 .
3.7E-04
1.7E-05
1.5E-06
6.0E-08
1.7E-04
1.1E-05
8.9E-07
3 . 6E-08
l.OE-04
7.5E-06
6.2E-07
2.5E-08
7.3E-05
3.6E-06
2.9E-07
1.2E-08
3.4E-05
1.4E-06
1.1E-07
4.4E-09
1.3E-05
6.1E-07
4i8E-08 '
1.9E-09
5.7E-06
3.8E-07
3.0E-08
1.2E-09
3 . 6E-06
2.6E-07
2.1E-08
8.4E-10
2.5E-06
1.9E-07
1.5E-08
5.9E-10
Dry
Deposition
Rate
(pCi/m2/s)
2.5E-11
3.3E-12
1.3E-13
3.8E-10
1.2E-11
1.3E-12
5.4E-14
1 . 5E-10
6.2E-12
5.7E-13
2.3E-14
6.7E-11
3.1E-12
2.7E-13
1.1E-14
3.1E-11
1.9E-12
1.6E-13
6.5E-15
1.9E-11
1.3E-12
1.1E-13
4.5E-15
1.3E-11
6.4E-13 '
5.2E-14
2.1E-15
6.1E-12
2.4E-13
1.9E-14
7.8E-16
2.3E-12
1.1E-13
8.7E-15
3.5E-16
l.OE-12
6.9E-14
5.4E-15
2.2E-16
6.5E-13
.4.8E-14
3.7E-15
1.5E-16
4.4E-13
3.4E-14
2.6E-15
1.1E-16
Wet
Deposition
Rate
(pCi/m2/s)
7. 6E-12
6.0E-13
2.4E-14
7.2E-11
2.9E-12
2.3E-13
9.3E-15
2.7E-11
1.6E-12
1.2E-13
4.9E-15
1.4E-11
9.2E-13
7.2E-T4
2.9E-15
8.5E-12
6.4E-13
5.1E-14
2.0E-15
6:OE-12
4.9E-13
3.9E-14
'1.6E-15
4.6E-12
2.9E-13
2.2E-14
9.0E-16
,2.7E-rl2
1.3E-13
1.1E-14
4.2E-16
1.2E-12
7.2E-14
5.6E-15
2.3E-16
6.7E-13
4.9E-14
3.9E-15
1.6E-16
4.6E-13
3.7E-14
2.9E-15
1.2E-16
3.4E-13
2.8E-14
2.2E-15
8.9E-17
CONCEN
Page 1
Ground
Deposition
Rate
(pCi/m2/s)
3.2E-11
3.9E-12
1.5E^13
4.5E-10
1.5E-11^
1.6E-12
6.3E-14
1.8E-10
7.7E-12
7.0E-13
2.8E-rl4
8-.2E-llf .
4.0E-12
3.4E-13
1.4E-14
4.0E-11
2.6E-12
2.1E-13
8.5E-15
2.5E-11
1.8E-12
1.5E-13
6.1E-15
1.8E-11
9.3E-13
7.4E-14
3.0E-15
8.8E-12
3.8E-13
3.0E-14
1.2E-1S
3.5E-12
1.8E-13
1 . 4E-14
5.8E-16
1.7E-12
1.2E-13
9.3E-15
3.8E-16
1.1E-12
8.4E-14
6.6E-15
2.7E-16
7.9E-13 .
6.2E-14
4.8E-15
2.0E-16
6-40
-------
Mar 11,
Wind
Toward
N
N
N
N
N
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW .
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW v
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
NNW
1992 8:11 am
ESTIMATED RADIONUCLIDE CONCENTRATIONS
AT VARIOUS LOCATIONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Distance
(meters)
55000
70000
70000
70000
70000
310
310
310
310
810
810
810
810
1500
1500
1500
1500
2500
2500
2500
2500
3500
3500
3500
3500
4500
4500
4500 .
4500
7500
7500
7500
7500
15000
15000
15000
15000
25000
25000
25000
25000
35000
3SOOO
35000
35000
45000
45000
Nuclide
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U^236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-238
U-234
U-235
Air
Concentration
(PCi/m3)
1.7E-06
1.1E-07
8.2E-09
3.3E-10
, 9.7E-07
4.1E-05
5.2E-06
- 2 . 1E-07
6.0E-04
1.8E-05
1.8E-06
7.4E-08
2.1E-04
8.5E-06
7.7E-07
3.1E-08
9.0E-05
4.2E-06
3.5E-07
1.4E-08
4.1E-05
2.5E-06
. 2.1E-07
8.6E-09 .
2.5E-05
1.8E-06
1.5E-07
5.9E-09
1.7E-05
8.4E-07
6.8E-08
2.7E-09
8.0E-06
3.1E-07
2.5E-08
l.OE-09
2.9E-06
1.4E-07
1.1E-08
4.4E-10
1.3E-06
8.6E-08
6.7E-09
2.7E-10
8.0E-07
5.9E-08
4.6E-09
Dry
Deposition
Rate '
(PCi/m2/s)
3.1E-13
1.9E-14
1.5E-15
5.9E-17
1.8E-13
7.3E-12
9.3E-13
3.7E-14
1.1E-10
3.2E-12
3.3E-13
1..3E-14
3.8E-11
1.5E-12
1.4E-13
5.6E-15
1.6E-11
7.5E-13
6.3E-14
2.6E-15
7.5E-12
4.6E-13
3.8E-14
1.5E-15
4.5E-12
3.2E-13
2.6E-14
1.1E-15
3.1E-12
1.5E-13
1.2E-14
4.9E-16
1.4E-12
5.6E-14
4.5E-15
1.8E-16
5.3E-13
2.5E-14 ,
2.0E-15
7.9E-1-7
2.3E-13
1.5E-14
1.2E-15
4.9E-17
1.4E-13
1.1E-14
8.3E-16
Wet
Deposition
Rate
(pCi/m2/s)
2.6E-13
1.9E-14
1.5E-15
6.1E-17
1.8E-13
2.0E-12
1.6E-13
6.3E-15
1.8E-11
7.5E-13
. 5.9E-14
2.4E-15
7.0E-12
4.0E-13
3.1E-14
. 1.3E-15
3.7E-12
2.4E-13
1.9E-14
7.5E-16
2.2E-12
1.7E-13
1..3E-14
5.3E-16
1.5E-12
1.3E-13
l.OE-14
4.0E-16
1.2E-12
7.4E-14
5.8E-15
2.3E-16
6.9E-13
3.5E-14
2.7E-15
1.1E-16
3.3E-13
1.9E-14
1.5E-15
6.0E-17
1.8-E-13
1.3E-14
l.OE-15
4.1E-17
1.2E-13
9.8E-15
7.7E-16
CONCEN
. Page 2
Ground
Deposition
Rate
(pCi/m2/s)
5.7E-13
3.8E-14
3.0E-15
1.2E-16
3.6E-13
9.3E-12
1.1E-12
4.4E-14
1.3E-10
3.9E-12
3.9E^-13
1.6E-14
4.5E-11
1.9E-12
1 . 7E-13
6.9E-15
2.0E-11
9.8E-13
8.2E-14
3.3E-15
9.7E-12
6.2E-13 -
5.1E-14
2.1E-15
6.0E-12
4.5E-13
3.6E-14
1.5E-15
4.3E-12
2.3E-13
1.8E-14
7.3E-16
2.1E-12
9.1E-14
7.2E-15
2.9E-16
8. 5E-13
4.4E-14
3.4E-15
1.4E-16
. 4.1E-13
, 2.9E-rl4
2.2E-15
9.0E-17
2.7E-13
2.0E-14
1'. 6E-15
6-41
-------
6.2.7
Chi/Q Tables
CAP88-PC
Version 1.00
.-
Clean Air Act Assessment Package - 1988
C H I / Q T A B L E S ;
Non-Radon Population Assessment
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
Facility:
Address:
City:
State:
Reactive Metals
Address
Ashtabula
OH
Zip:
Source Category: DOE Facilities
Source Type: Stack
Emission Year: 1986
Comments: Reactive Metals Population Run
Dataset Name:
Dataset Date:
Wind File:
Population File:
Reactive Metals
Mar 10, 1992 2:13 pm
WNDFILES\ERI0610.WND
POPFILES\RMICOMPY.POP
6-42
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
CHIQ
Page 1
GROUND-LEVEL CHI/Q VALUES FOR U-234
CHI/Q TOWARD INDICATED DIRECTION (SEC/CUBIC METER)
Distance (meters)
Dir
N
NNW
' NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
. E
ENE
NE
NNE
310
7^699E-06
2.293E^06
1.013E-06
7.953E-07
1.291E-06
1.829E-06
2.194E-06
1.421E-06
2.600E-06
2.004E-06
2.082E-06
2.868E-06
4.197E-06
2.927E-06
'2.895E-06
3.605E-06
810
3.790E-06
9.905E-07
4.951E-07
4.661E-07
6.738E-07
7.302E-07
7.609E-07
4.762E-07
8.050E-07
6.115E-07
6.291E-07
8.737E-07
1.316E-06
1.053E-06
1.082E-06
1.485E-06
1500
1.942E-06
4.792E-07
2.625E-07
2.616E-07
3.526E-07
3.258E-07
3.130E-07
1.984E-07
3.276E-07
2.459E-07
2.511E-07
3.492E-07
5.162E-07
4.480E-07
4.676E-07
6.917E-07
2500
9.700E-07
2.344E-07
1.326E-07
1.346E-07
1.771E-07
1.540E-07
1.426E-07
9.091E-08
1.483E-07
1. 107E-07
1.126E-07
1.569E-07
2.299E-07
2.076E-07
2.182E-07
3.332E-07
3500
5.999E-07
1.438E-07
8.210E-08
8.374E-08
1.095E-07
9.334E-08
8.516E-08
5.434E-08
8.798E-08
6.552E-08
6.656E-08
9.298E-08
1.360E-07
1.248E-07
1.316E-07
2.036E-07
" 4500
4.219E-07
1.006E-07
5.760E-08
5.890E-08
7.690E-08
6.496E-08
5.877E-08
3.746E-08
6.030E-08
4.487E-08
4.552E-08
6.373E-08
9.332E-08
8.651E-08
9.134E-08
1.424E-07
7500
2.012E-07
4.748Er'08
2.721E-08
2.785E-08
3.643E-08
3.056E-08
2.735E-08
1.739E-08
2.783E-08
"2. 078^08
- 2.098E-08
2.939E-08
4.310E-08
4.048E-08
4.282E-08
6.751E-08
Distance (meters)
Dir
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
7.633E-08
1.762E-08
1.014E-08
1.041E-08
1.366E-08
1.130E-08
9.896E-09
6.266E-09
9.980E-09
7.518E-09
7.491E-09
1.042E-08
1.526E-08
1.474E-08
1.566E-08
2.527E-08
25000
3V445E-08
7.808E-09
4.374E-09
4.439E-09
5.998E-09
5.161E-09
4.557E-09
2.858E-09
4.550E-09
3.475E-09
3.427E-09
4.735E-09
7.01-5E-09
6.715E--09
7.119E-09
1.156E-08
35000
2.167E-08
4.843E-09
2.712E-09
2.754E-09
3.738E-09
3.206E-09
2.806E-09
1.758E-09
2.802E-09
2.151E-09
2.105E-09
2.890E-09
4.274E-09
4.136E-09
4.391E-09
7.225E-09
45000
1.493E-08
3.303E-09
.1.836E-09
1.858E-09
2.544E-09
2.201E-09
1.924E-09
1.203E-09
1.919E-09
1.481E-09
1.442E-09
1.972E-09
2.921E-09
2.830E-09
3.005E-09
4.980E-09
55000
1.052E-08
2 . 314E-09
1.261E-09
1.263E-09
1.760E-09
1.566E-09
1.383E-09
8.616E-10
1.377E-09
1.070E-09
1.038E-09
1.419E-09
2.116E-09
2.024E-09
2.143E-09
3.548E-09
70000
5'.933E-09
1.322E-09
6.708E-10
6.494E-10
9.520E-10
9.432E-1O
8.755E-10
5.360E-10
8.662E-10
6.822E-10
6.636E-10
9 . 067E-10
1.385E-09
1.254E-09
1.315E-09
2.102E-09
6-43
-------
Mar 11, 1992 8:11 am
CHIQ
Page 2
. GROUND-LEVEL CHI/Q VALUES FOR U-235
CHI/Q TOWARD INDICATED DIRECTION (SEC/CUBIC METER)
Distance (meters)
Dir
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE ,
ESE '
E
ENE
NE
NNE
310
1.296E-05
3.684E-06
1.665E-06
1.416E-06
2.225E-06
2.903E-06
3.301E-06
2.078E-06
3.653E-06
2.803E-06
2.906E-06
4.023E-06
6.041E-06
4.447E-06
4.476E-06
5.707E-06
810
5.250E-06
1.305E.-06
7.038E-07
6.933E-07
9.480E-07
9.027E-07
8.824E-07
5.590E-07
9.320E-07
7.027E-07
7.171E-07
9.941E-07
1.471E-06
1.253E-06
1.302E-06
1.903E-06
.1500
2.271E-06
5.490E-07
3.107E-07
3.146E-07
4.147E-07
3.618E-07
3.363E-07
2.150E-07
3.530E-07
2.639E-07
2.682E-07
3.726E-07
5.440E-07
4.883E-07
5.126E-07
7.819E-07
2500
1.049E-06
2.509E-07
1.441E-07
1.471E-07
1.919E-07
1.624E-07
1.479E-07
9.473E-08
1.541E-07
1.147E-07
1.165E-07
1.622E-07
2.361E-07
2.169E-07
2.286E-07
3.547E-07
3500
6.311E-07
1.502E-07
8.650E-08
8.855E-08
1.153E-07
9.662E-08
8.720E-08
5.581E-08
9.016E-08
6.708E-08
6.800E-08
9.497E-08
1.384E-07
1.284E-07
1.356E-07
2.122E-07
4500
4'. 380E-07
1.038E-07
5.979E-08
6.127E-08
7.978E-08
6.664E-08
5.981E-08
3.821E-08
6.137E-08 .
4.565E-08
4. 623E-08"
6.472E-08
9.449E-08
8.834E-08
9.338E-08
1.468E-07
7500
2.045E-07
4.806E-08
2.758E-08
2.823E-08
3.695E-08
3.089E-08
2.756E-08
1.754E-08
2.802^-08
2.093E-08
2.110E-08
2.957E-08
4.334E-08
4.084E-08
4.321E-08
6.847E-08
Distance (meters)
Dir
N
NNW
NW
WNW
W
WSW
SW
SSW
S
SSE
SE
ESE
E
ENE
NE
NNE
15000
7.662E-08
1.763E-08
1.013E-08
1.040E-08
1.368E-08
1.133E-08
9.911E-09
6.274E-09
9.977E-09
7.522E-09
7.486E-09
1.042E-08
1.527E-08
1.476E-08
1.568E-08
2.538E-08
25000
3.423E-08
7.740E-09
4.319E-09
4.374E-09
5.937E-09
5.137E-09
4.544E-09
2.846E-09
4.525E-09
3.460E-09
3.409E-09
4.714E-09
7.000E-09
6.688E-09
7.086E-09
1.152E-08
35000
2.150E-08
4.792E-09
2.673E-09
2.708E-09
3.692E-09
3.188E-09
2.795E-09
1.749E-09
2.784E-09
2. 140E-09
2.093E-09
2.874E-09
4.261E-09
4.114E-09
4.365E-09
7.188E-09
45000
1.479E-08
3.265E-09
1.807E-09
1.825E-09
2.510E-09
2.186E-09
1.915E-09
1.196E-09
1.905E-09
1..472E-09
1.432E-09
1.960E-09
2.911E-09
2.814E-09
2.985E-09
4.949E-09
55000
1.041E-Q8
2.287E-09
1.240E-09
1.240E-09
1.735E-09
1.555E-09
1.376E-09
8.560E-10
1.367E-09
1.063E-09
1.031E-09
1.410E-09
2.108E-09
2.011E-09
2.128E-09
3.523E-09
70000
5.818E-09.
1..298E-09
6.534E-10
6.302E-10
9.293E-10
9.312E-10-
8.683E-10
5.306E-10
8.576E-10
6.763E-10
6.581E-10
8.993E-10
1.377E-09 .
1.241E-09
1.300E-09
2.073E-09
,
6-44
-------
Chapter 7
CONVERTING WEATHER DATA WITH THE GETWIND UTILITY
7.1 PURPOSE
GETWIND is a utility program that allows users to customize CAP88-PC by
supplying their own meteorological data, in stability array (STAR) format, to the
selection of weather data files. A listing of weather data provided with CAP88-PC
is provided in Appendix D. Users are encouraged to use site-specific weather data.
See Appendix B for an example of the STAR (STability ARray ) format. The file
SAMPLE.STR, which is included with CAP88-PC, also contains a copy of this
STAR format file. This file can be used as a guide for creating meteorological files
in STAR format.
7.2 PROGRAM INPUT -
The user must supply the program,with the name of the file that contains the
STAR formatted meteorological data and the name of the file that will contain the
converted STAR data (the CAP88-PC wind data file).
It is assumed that all the.data files used by this program reside in the same
directory as GETWIND. For this reason space is provided for only 12 characters
when a file name is entered. This leaves enough room for the 8 character file
name with a three character extension- Create or copy your file containing the
STAR formatted meteorological data to your directory which contains GETWIND
and run the program.
All valid DOS file names are accepted by the program/subject to the length
restriction. However, file names must end with the extension ".WND", and be
copiedcto the CAP88PCWVNDFILES subdirectory on your hard disk, in order to be
recognized by CAP88-PC.
7.3 PROGRAM OUTPUT
Converted STAR wind data is written to the file specified by the user. It is a valid
CAP88-PC wind file and can be chosen as a wind data file from the list box which
is available in the Meteorological Data screen, provided a copy of the file is made
to the CAP88PCWVNDFILES subdirectory on your hard disk.
7-1
-------
7.4 RUNNING GETWIND
Use DOS to get into the directory where the GETWIND.EXE program resides.
Make sure that a copy of the file to be converted for use by CAP88-PC resides in
this same directory.
To ruri the program, type:
GETWIND < Enter>
The following message appears:
THIS PROGRAM CONVERTS STAR FORMAT WIND DATA
TO AIRDOSrEPA FORMAT
FILE WHICH CONTAINS THE WIND DATA TO BE CONVERTED:
BREAK TO ABORT
Enter the name of the file and press . If you have entered a valid DOS file
name and the file can be found in the current directory, the following message is
then displayed:
''.' *
FILE TO CONTAIN THE AIRDOS FORMATTED WIND DATA
MUST HAVE THE EXTENSION ,WND
Enter the name of the file that will contain the converted meteorological data. This
is the file that you will be able to select in the list box located in the Meteorological
Data input screen. If the file name already exists, the following message is
displayed on the screen:
WARNING OUTPUT FILE ALREADY EXISTS
DO YOU WANT TO OVERWRITE IT ? (Y/N):
Enter or to overwrite the file. Press any other key to allow you to
enter another file name.
While the data is being read and converted, informative messages are displayed on
the screen. When the program is finished.you will be returned to DOS.
7-2
-------
Pressing ,< break > together at any time will cause the program to abort,
and you will be returned to DOS.
7.5 ERROR MESSAGES
FILE NAME CANNOT BE GREATER THAN 12 CHARACTERS - ..
PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE -
If you type in a file name that has more than 12 characters, the above message is
displayed. A DOS file name can only have eight characters followed by a '.' and a
three character extension. Think of a shorter file name and enter it again.
ERROR INPUT FILE DOES NOT EXIST...
PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE
If the name of the input file which contains the meteorological data cannot be
found in the current directory, the above message is displayed. Make sure you «
have spelled the name of the file correctly, and that it is located in the current
directory.
FILE EXTENSION MUST BE .WND
PRESS ANY KEY TO CONTINUE
If the name of the file entered that is to contain the converted meteorological data
does not end in '.wnd', the above message is displayed. All CAP88-PC wind data
files must have the file extension '.wnd'. These are the only files that will be
displayed for selection in the list box in the Meteorological Data input screen.
Retype the file name and make sure the file extension is '.wnd'.
7-3
-------
Chapter 8
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
The purpose of this chapter is to present the mathematical models and equations
used in CAP88-PC for environmental transport and estimation of dose and risk. In
order to facilitate comparison of the programs with the theoretical model by
interested users, the actual variable names used in the CAP88-PC FORTRAN code
have been included in brackets, where applicable, following the explanation of the
mathematical symbols used in the formulas.
8.1 ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT
CAP88-PC incorporates a modified version of the AIRDOS-EPA (Mo79) program to
calculate environmental transport. Relevant portions of this do.curnent are
reproduced here, as referenced.
i '
8.1.1 Plume Rise
CAP88-PC calculates plume rise in the subroutine CONCEN using either Rupp's
equation (Ru48) for momentum dominated plume rise, or Briggs' equations (Br,69)
for hot buoyant plumes (Mo79K CAP88-PC also accepts user-supplied values for
plume rise for each Pasquill stability class. The plume rise, Ah, is added to the
actual physical stack height, h [PH], to determine the effective stack height, H.
The plume centerline is shifted from the physical height, h, to H as it moves
downwind. The plume centerline remains at H unless gravitational settling of
particulates produces a downward tilt, or until meteorological conditions change.
Rupp's equation for momentum dominated plumes is:
Ah = 1.5 vd
// (Equation 1) .
where:
Ah = plume rise [PR]
v = effluent stack gas velocity (m/sec) [VEL]
d = inside stack diameter (m) [DIA]
fj = wind velocity (m/sec) [U]
8-1
-------
CAP88-PC models Briggs' buoyant plume rise for stability categories A, B, C, and
D with:
Ah = 1.6 F1'3 x2/3
fj (Equation 2)
where:
Ah = plume rise [PR]
F = 3.7x10'5 QH
QH = heat emission from stack gases (cal/sec) [QH] -
x = downwind distance (m)
fj = wind speed (m/sec) [U]
This equation is valid until the downwind distance is approximately ten times the
stack height, 1Qh, where the plume levels off. For downwind distances greater
than 10h, the equation used is:
Ah = 1.6 F1/3 (10h)2/3
li (Equation 3)
Equation (2) is also used to a distance of X = 2.4 /jS'v' for stable categories E, F,
and G, beyond which the plume is assumed to level off. For higher values of x,
the stability parameter, S, is used in the equation:
Ah = 2.9(F//;S)1/3 (Equation 4)
in which:
S = .. (g/Ta)OTa/3z + D (Equations)
g = gravitational acceleration (m/sec2) .
Ta = air temperature (°K) [TEMPERATURE]
9Ta/9z = vertical temperature gradient (°K/m) [TG]
z = vertical distance above stack (m)
f ^ adiabatic lapse rate of atmosphere (0.0098°.K/m)
The value of the vertical temperature gradient, 3Ta/3z, is positive for stable
categories. In CAP88-PC, 3Ta/3z values are: ,
7.280E-02 °K/m for Pasquill category E
1.090E-01 °K/m for Pasquill category F
1.455E-01 °K/m for Pasquill category G
The true-average wind speed for each Pasquill stability category is used in CAP88-
PC to estimate plume rise, as it is greater than the reciprocal-averaged wind speed,
and produces a smaller, more conservative plume rise. This procedure does not
8-2
-------
risk underestimating the significant contribution of relatively calm periods to
downwind nuclide concentrations which could result from direct use of a plume
rise calculated for each separate wind-speed category. This procedure avoids
calculating an infinite plume rise when wind speed is zero (during calms), since
both momentum and buoyancy plume rise equations contain wind speed in the
denominator (Mo79).
CAP88-PC also accepts user-supplied plume rise values, for situations where actual
measurements are available or the supplied equations are not appropriate. For
example, plume rises of zero may be used to model local turbulence created by
building wakes.
8.1.2 Plume Dispersion
Plume dispersion is modeled in the subroutine CONCEN with the Gaussian plume
equation of Pasquill (Pa61,Mo79), as modified by Gifford:
X = __Q__-exp[-y2 (y/ay )2 ]{exp[-1/2 ((z-H)/o-z )2 ] + exp[- ya ((z + H)/az )2}}
2 fraya2/j
. (Equation 6}
where: .
X = concentration in air (chi) at x meters downwind, y meters
crosswind, and z meters above ground (Ci/m3) [ACON]
Q = Release rate from stack (Ci/sec) [REL].
fj - wind speed (m/sec) [U]
ay = horizontal dispersion coefficient (m)
a2 = vertical dispersion coefficient (m)
H = effective stack height (m)
y = crosswind distance (m)
z = . .. vertical distance (m)
The downwind distance x comes into Equation (6) through cry and crz, which are
functions of x as well as the Pasquill atmospheric stability category applicable
during emission from the stack. CAP88-PC converts x in Equation (6) and other
plume dispersion equations from units of curies per cubic meter to units of
picocuries per cubic centimeter.
Annual-average meteorological data sets usually include frequencies for several
wind-speed categories for each wind direction and Pasquill atmospheric stability
category. CAP88-PC uses reciprocal-averaged wind speeds in the atmospheric
dispersion equations, which permit a single calculation for each wind-speed
category.
8-3
-------
Equation (6) is applied to ground-level concentrations in air at the plume centerline
by setting y ahd z to zero, which results in: ;
X - Q expf-1/2(H/gT)2l
nayazfj (Equation 7)
The average ground-level concentration in air over a sector of 22.5° can be
approximated by the expression:
Xave ..= ' fjf (Equation 8)
where f is the integral of the exponential expression:
exp[-y2(y/ay)2] .
in Equation (6) from a value of y equals zero to infinity divided by ys, the value of
y at the edge of the 22.5° sector, which is the value of the downwind distance, x,
multiplied by the tangent of half the sector angle. The expression is: " «
r
f = J9exDf-(0.5/av2)v21 dv
YS
(Equation 9)
The definite integral in the numerator of Equation (9) is evaluated as
ay(rr/2)v' (Equation 10}
Since ys = x tan (11.25°),
f = 6.300836 Q-v. (Equation 11)
' - ' x '
The equation for sector-averaged ground level concentration in air is therefore:
X = ' ___Q___ exp[-1/2(H/az)2]
0.15871 77 x at-jj
, (Equation 12)
This method of sector-averaging compresses the plume within the bounds of each
of the sixteen 22.5° sectors for unstable Pasquill atmospheric stability categories in
which horizontal dispersion is great enough to extend significantly beyond the
sector edges. |t is not a precise method, however, because the integration over
the y-axis, which is perpendicular to the downwind direction, x, involves increasing
values for x as y is increased from zero to infinity.
8-4
-------
An average lid for the assessment area is provided as part of the input data. The
lid is assumed not to affect the plume until x becomes equal to 2xL, where XL is
the value of x for which az = 0.47 times the height of the lid (Tu69). For values
of x greater than 2xL, vertical dispersion is restricted and radionuclide
concentration in air is assumed to be uniform from ground to lid.
The average concentration between ground and lid, which is the ground-level
concentration in air for values of x greater than 2xL, may be expressed by:
r
Xave = lo X dz
L . ' ' ,'.-'
(Equation 13)
»
where / is taken from Equation (6) and L is lid height. The value of H in Equation
(6) may be set at zero since/ave is not a function of the effective stack height.
The resulting simplified expression may be evaluated for constant x and y vaTues
(ay and az held constant) by using a definite integral similar to that in Equation
(10): .
XBVe = r - Q exD(-z2/2aI2)exp(-v2/2gv2)dz
. . (Equation 14)
The result is:
^e = -Q _exp(-y2/2av2)
2.5066
-------
Gravitational settling is handled by tilting the plume downward after it has leveled
off at height H by subtracting V0x/// from H in the plume dispersion equations. For
CAP88-PC Vd is set at the default value of zero and cannot be changed by the
user.
8.1.3 Dry Deposition
Dry deposition is modeled in the subroutine CONCEN as being proportional to the
ground-level concentration of the radionuclide (Mo79):
where:
Rd = surface deposition rate (pCi/cm2 -sec)
Vd = deposition velocity (cm/sec) [VD]
X. = ground-level concentration (chi) in air (pCi/cm3 ) [AGON]
- ". *.
Although Vd has units of velocity, it is only a proportionality constant and is usually
higher than the actual, measured velocity of radionuclides falling to the ground.
The proportionality constant must include deposition from fallout interception by
foliage, which subsequently falls to the ground and so adds to ground deposition.
Defaults for deposition velocity used by CAP88-PC are 3.5E-2 m/sec for Iodine,
1.8E-3 m/sec for particulates and zerb for gases.
8.1.4 Precipitation Scavenging
The deposition rate from precipitation scavenging (Mo79), which occurs when rain
or snow removes particles from the plume, is modeled in CONCEN with:
where: .
Rs = surface deposition rate (pCi/cm2 -sec)
0 = scavenging coefficient (sec"1 ) [SC]
Xave = average concentration in plume up to lid height (pCi/cm3)
[ACON]
L = lid height (tropospheric mixing layer) (cm) [LID]
The scavenging coefficient, cp (in sec"1 ), is calculated in CAP88-PC by multiplying
the rainfall rate, [RR] (in cm/yr), by 1E-7 yr/cm-sec.
8-6
-------
8.1.5 Plume Depletion
Radionuclides are depleted from the plume by precipitation scavenging, dry
deposition and radioactive decay. Depletion is accounted for by substituting a
reduced release rate, Q1 , for the original release rate Q for each downwind
distance x (SI68). The ratio of the reduced release rate to the original is the
depletion fraction. The overall depletion fraction used in CAP88-PC is the product
of the depletion fractions for precipitation scavenging, dry deposition and
radioactive decay.
For precipitation scavenging the depletion fraction for each downwind distance (x)
is:
Q
where:
cp = scavenging coefficient (sec"1 ) [SC]
t = time (sec) required for the plume to reach the downwind x
distance x ' , . '
The depletion fraction for dry deposition is derived by using Equation (6) with z set
to zero for ground-level concentrations, and subtracting the quantity (V0 x)/U from
H for a tilted plume (Va68, Mo79):
01= exp{-(2//7)% .V^ fx exDf-(H-VBx/*/)2/2g:21 dx}
Q fJ J b CJ^ .
where:
Vd = deposition velocity (m/sec) [VD]
/j = wind speed (m/sec) [U]
az = vertical dispersion coefficient (m)
Vg = gravitational velocity (m/sec) [VG]
H = effective stack height (m)
x = downwind distance (m)
The integral expression must be evaluated numerically. Values for the vertical
dispersion coefficient. crz are expressed as functions of x in the form x°/F where D
and F are constants with different values for each Pasquill atmospheric stability
category, to facilitate integrations over x.
Values for the depletion fraction for cases where Vg is zero are obtained from the
subroutine QY in CAP-88. Subroutine QY obtains depletion fractions for the
8-7
-------
conditions Vd = 0.01 m/sec and fi = 1 m/sec for each Pasquill stability category
from the data file REFA.DAT. This file contains values for release heights (meters)
of:
1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12.5, 15, 17.5, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 70,
80, 90, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 240, 260, 300 and 400.
and for downwind distances (meters) of:
35, 65, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, 650, 800, 1,000, 1,500, 2,000, 4,000,
7,000, 10,000, 25,000, 60,000, 90,000, and 200,000.
The stored depletion fractions were calculated 'numerically with a Simpson's rule
routine. QY uses a linear interpolation to produce a fraction for the required
downwind value, release height and Pasquill category for Vd = 0.01 m/sec and fj
= 1 m/sec. The value is then converted to the appropriate value, for the actual
deposition velocity and wind speed by use of the equation:
(Q1/Q)2 = (Q1va)1i100Vd*> - '
in which subscript 2 refers to the desired value and subscript 1 refers to the value
for Vd = 0.01 m/sec and jj = 1 m/sec.
For downwind distances greater than 2xL where Equation 15 applies to the
ground-level concentrations in air, the depletion is modeled with (Mo79):
Qxl = exp[- Vd(x - 2xL)/L u } }
Q1
which shows the reduced release rates at distances x and 2xL , respectively.
The depletion fraction for radioactive decay is:
-A t
Ql = e '
where:
Ar = effective decay constant in plume [ANLAM]
t = time required for plume travel
The decay constant used is referred to as the "effective decay constant" since it is
not the true radiological decay constant in allcases. For example, if a radionuclide
is a short-lived decay product in equilibrium with a longer-lived parent, the effective
8-8
-------
decay constant would be equal to the true radiological decay constant ot the
parent.
The atmospheric dispersion equations use the reciprocal-averaged wind speed, but
neither this value nor the true average wind speed can adequately be used to
calculate reduced release rates to account for radiological decay and scavenging
losses because averaging of exponential terms is required. CAP88-PC uses an
approximate calculational method for this purpose which establishes three wind
speeds (1 m/sec, the average wind speed, and 6 m/sec) to simulate the actual
wind-speed spectrum for each specific wind direction and Pasquill category. The
wind speeds 1 and 6 m/sec were chosen because they approximate the upper and
lower bounds in most meteorological data sets.
If f, , f2 and f3 are designated as the time fractions for the three wind speeds, then:
f i + U/a f 2 ) + 6f3 = fj,,
f, + (f2//O + f3/6 = !///,
and
f1+f2 + f3 = 1
where:
jja - Arithmetic-average wind speed [UDAV]
fjr = Reciprocal-average wind speed [UDCAT]
Solving the three simultaneous equations yields:
fi = -1 -Vfa
f2 = (7/6) - (uJ6) -
f3
The depletion fraction to account for radioactive decay is then approximated by:
f, ex~pM,x) + f2 exp[-/tr(x//yj] -f f3 expMr(x/6)]
where:
>lr = effective decay constant in plume (sec"1 ) [ANLAM]
fja = Arithmetic-average wind speed [UDAV]
x = downwind distance (m)
8-9
-------
For precipitation scavenging losses, the depletion fraction is:
f, exp(-(J>x) + f2 exp[-0(x///J] + f3 exp[-cp(x/6)]
where (p is the scavenging coefficient (sec'1).
The overall depletion fraction is calculated by multiplying the depletion fraction for
dry deposition by the fraction for radioactive decay and precipitation scavenging.
8.1.6
Dispersion Coefficients
Horizontal and vertical dispersion coefficients (cry and az) used for dispersion
calculation in CONCEN and for depletion fraction determination in QY are taken
from recommendations by G.A. Briggs of the Atmospheric Turbulence and
Diffusion Laboratory at Oak Ridge, Tennessee (Mo 79, Gi76). The coefficients are
different functions of the downwind distance x for each Pasquill stability category
for open-country conditions, as shown:
Pasquill
category
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
(m)
(m)
where:
0.22 x (1+0.0001 x)'y' 0.20x
0.16 x (1+0.0001 x)-'/J 0.12x
0.11 x (1 + 0.0001x)'y' 0.08 x (1 +0.0002x)'y>
0.08 x (1 + 0.0001x)-y' 0.06 x (1 +0.0015x)-y'
0.06 x (1 +0.0001x)-y' 0.03 x (1 +0.0003x)'1
0.04 x (1 + 0.0001x)-y' 0.016 x (1 +0.0003x)'1
calculated by subtracting half the difference
between values for categories E and F from
the value for category F. '
downwind distance
CAP88-PC uses the functions in the form of
xA/C
x°/F
8-10
-------
to facilitate integrations over x. Values for A, C, D, and F for each stability
category and downwind distance are stored in a data statement.
8.1.7 Area Sources
Uniform area sources are modeled in CAP88-PC using a method described by Mills
and Reeves, as modified by Christopher Nelson, EPA, and implemented by
Culkowski and Patterson (Mo79). The method transforms the original area source
into an annular segment with the same area. The transformation is dependent on
the distance between the centroid of the area source and the receptor. At large
distances (where the distance/diameter ratio is 2.5), the area source is modeled as
a point source; at close distances it becomes a circular source centered at the
receptor. A point source model is also used if the area source is 10 meters in
diameter or less.
The principle of reciprocity is used to calculate the effective chi/Q. The problem is
equivalent to interchanging source and receptor and calculating the mean chi/Q
from a point source to one or more sector segments according to the angular width
of the transformed source. The mean value of chi/Q for each sector segment is
estimated by calculating chi/Q at the distance which would provide the exact value
of the mean if the variation in chi/Q were proportional to r"1-5 for distances from
the point source to location within the sector segment. The chi/Q for the entire
transformed source is the sum of the chi/Q values for each sector weighted by the
portion of the total annular source contained in that sector.
8.1.8 Carbon-14 and Tritium
Special consideration is given to the radionuclides hydrogen-3 (tritium), carbon-14,
and radon-222. The specific activity of tritium in air is calculated for an absolute
humidity of >8 mg/m3. The specific activity of atmospheric carbon-14 is calculated
for a carbon dioxide concentration of 330 ppm by volume. Concentrations of
these nuclides in vegetation are calculated on the assumption that the water and
carbon.content in vegetation are from the atmosphere and have the same specific
activity as in the atmosphere. Drinking water is assumed to be one percent (1%)
tritiated.
8.1.9 Rn-222 Working Levels
The radon decay product concentration (in working level units) is estimated using
an equilibrium fraction that varies as a function of travel time/ assuming a wind
speed of 3.5 meters/second, with a final equilibrium fraction of 0.7.
Equilibrium fractions for radon decay products are calculated as a function of
downwind distance, starting at 0.267 at 150 meters and reaching a final
8-11
-------
equilibrium fraction of 0.698 at 19,551 meters. Equilibrium fractions for specific
distances are calculated by linear interpolation, using this table:
Distance Equilibrium
(meters) Fraction
150
200
250
300
400
500
600
800
1000
1 500
2000
2500
3000
4000
5000
6000
8000
10000
15000
19551
.267
.273
.276
.278
.284
.289
.293
.302
.311
.331
^349
.366
.382
.414
.443
.471
.522
.566
.650
.698
8.1.10 Ground Surface Concentrations
Ground surface and soil concentrations are calculated for those nuclides subject to
deposition due to dry deposition and precipitation scavenging. The deposition
accumulation time, [TSUBB], is assumed to be 100 years. This value corresponds
to establishing a 100-year cutoff for the time following a release when any
significant intake or external exposure associated with deposition on soil might
take place.
Ingrowth from a parent radionuclide is calculated using a decay product ingrowth
factor. The ingrowth factor is the ratio of the decay product concentration
resulting from a unit deposition rate of the parent and the decay product
respectively. The factors are for a 100 year accumulation time and a removal rate
from soil of 2 percent per year.
8-12
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8.2 DOSE AND RISK ESTIMATES
CAP88-PC uses a modified version of DARTAB (ORNL5692) and a database of
dose and risk factors generated by RADRISK (ORNL7105, ORNL7745) for
estimating dose and risk. Relevant portions of these documents are reproduced
here., as referenced.
Dose and risk conversion factors include the effective dose equivalent calculated
with the weighting factors in ICRP Publication Number 26 (ICRP26). Risk factors
are based on lifetime risk from lifetime exposure with a nominal value of 4E-4 fatal
cancers/rem (EPA89). Dose and risk factors are provided for the pathways of
ingestion and inhalation intake, ground level air immersion and ground surface
irradiation. Factors are further broken down by particle size [SIZE], clearance class
[CLEARANCE_CLASS] and gut-to-blood [GIJNG and GIJNH] transfer factors.
These factors are stored in a database for use by the program.
For assessments where Rn-222 decay products are not considered, estimate.s of
dose and risk are made by combining the inhalation and ingestion intake rates, air
and ground surface concentrations with the appropriate dose and risk conversion
factors. CAP88-PC lists the dose and risk to the maximum individual and the
collective population. CAP88-PC calculates dose to the gonads, breast, red
marrow, lungs, thyroid, and endosteum in addition to the 50 year effective dose
equivalent. Risks are estimated for these cancers: leukemia, bone, thyroid, breast,
lung, stomach, bowel, liver, pancreas and urinary. Doses and risks can be further
tabulated as a function of radionuclide, pathway, location and organ.
For assessments of Rn-222 decay products, CAP88-PC calculates working levels,
not concentrations of specific radionuclides. A working level [WLEVEL] is defined
as any combination of short-lived radon decay products in 1 liter of air that will
result in the ultimate emission of 1.3 x 105 MeV of alpha particle energy. CAP88-
PC calculates risk, but not dose, from the working level calculations. Risk to the
maximum individual and the collective population are tabulated.
For each assessment, CAP88-PC tabulates the frequency distribution of risk, that
is, the number of people at various levels of risk (lifetime risk). The risk categories
are divided into powers of ten, from 1 in ten to one in a million. The number of
health effects .are also tabulated for each risk category. .
8.2.1 Air Immersion
Individual dose is calculated for air immersion with the general equation:
(k) DF, Kr
P(k)
8-13
-------
where:
Ejj(k) = exposure rate, person-pCi/cm3 [EXPP]
DFjj, = Dose rate factor, mrem/nCi-yr/m3 [DOSE]
P(k) = number of exposed people [POP]
Kj . = 0.001 nCi/pCi x 1,000,000 cm3/m3 (proportionality
factor) [FAC]
Risk is calculated similarly, by substituting the risk conversion factor, RISK, for
DOSE. The risk conversion factor is in units of risk/nCi-yr/m3.
8.2.2 Surface Exposure
Individual dose is calculated for ground surface exposure with the general equation:
5i(k) DF0 K;
P(k)
Where: .
Ejj(k) = exposure rate,,person-pCi/cm2 [EXPP]
DFjj, N= Dose rate factor, mrem/nCi-yr/m2 [DOSE]
P(k) = number of exposed people [POP]
Kj = 0.001 nCi/pCi x 10,000 cm2/m2 (proportionality factor)
[FAC]
Risk is calculated ,by substituting the risk conversion factor, RF^ [RISK], for DFy,
[DOSE]; The risk conversion factor is in units of risk/nCi-yr/m2.
8.2.3 Ingestion and Inhalation N
Individual dose is calculated for the ingestion and inhalation exposure pathway
with the general equation:
P(k)
where:
Ejj(k) = exposure rate, person-pCi/cm3 [EXPP]
OF;,-, = Dose rate factor, mrem/nCi-yr/m3 [DOSE]
P(k) = number of exposed people [POP]
K/ = 0.001 nCi/pCi x 1,000,000 cm3/m3 (proportionality
factor) [FAC]
Risk is calculated by substituting the risk conversion factor, RISK (risk/nCi), for
DOSE. .
8-14
-------
8.2.4 Maximally-Exposed Individual
Doses for the maximally-exposed individual in population runs are estimated by
CAP88-PC for the location, or sector-segment in the radial assessment grid, of
highest risk where at least one individual actually resides. The effective dose
equivalent for the maximally-exposed individual is tabulated in mrem/yr for a 50
year exposure. Risk is estimated as total lifetime risk for a lifetime exposure
[AGEX] of 70.7565 years.
8.2.5 Collective Population
Collective population dose and risk are found by summing, for all sector segments,
the intake and exposure rates multiplied by the appropriate dose or risk conversion
factors (ORNL5692). Collective population dose is reported by person-Rem/yr (not
millirem), and collective risk is reported in deaths/yr. Note that collective risk is
reported as annual risk, while maximally-exposed individual risk is reported as
lifetime risk.
8-15
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Chapter 9
REFERENCES
Be86 "Comparison of AIRDOS-EPA Predictions of Ground-Level Airborne
Radionuclide Concentrations to Measured Values", S.K. Beal and S.C.
Cohen, S. Cohen and Associates, 8200 Riding Ridge Place, McLean,
VA 22102, H.J. Chmelynski, Jack Faucett Associates, Suite 200,
7300 Pearl St., Bethesda, MD 20814, B.S. Parks and J. Hardin, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460,1986.
Br69 Briggs, G.A., "Plume Rise, AEC Critical Review Series", TID-25075,
1969.
EPA89 EPA 520/1-89-005 Risk Assessment Methodology: Draft
Environmental Impact Statement for Proposed NESHAPS for
Radionuclides, Volume 1, Background Information Document, United
States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Radiation
Programs, Washington, D.C. 20460, February 1989.
Gi76 Gifford, F.A., Jr., "Turbulent diffusion-typing schemes: A review",
Nuclear Safety 17(11:68-86. 1976:
ICRP26 International Commission on Radiological Protection,
Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological
Protection, ICRP Publication 26, Ann. ICRP, 1, (1), Pergamon Press,
1977.
Mo79 Moore, R.E., Baes, C.F.III, McDowell-Boyer, L.M., Watson, A.P.,
Hoffman, F.O., Pleasant, J.C., Miller, C.W., "AIRDOS-EPA: A
Computerized Methodology for-Estimating Environmental
Concentrations and Dose to Man from Airborne Releases of .
Radionuclides", (Reprint of ORNL-5532), EPA 520/1-79-009, U.S.
EPA Office of Radiation Programs, Washington, D.C., 20460.
ORNL5952 ORNL-5952: PREPAR: A User-Friendly Preprocessor to Create
AIRDOS-EPA Input Data Sets, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak
Ridge, Tennessee.
ORNL7745 ORNL-7745: Estimates of Health Risk From Exposure to Radioactive
Pollutants, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
9-1
-------
ORNL7105 ORNL/TM-7105: A Combined Methodology for Estimating Dose Rates
and Health Effects From Exposures to Radioactive Pollutants, Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
ORNL5692 ORNL-5692/DE81030434 DARTAB: A Program to Combine Airborne
Radionuclide Environmental Exposure Data With Dosimetric Health
Effect Data to Generate Tabulations of Predicted Health Impact, Oak
Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, November 1981.
Pa61 Pasquill, F., "The Estimation of the Dispersion of Windborne Material",
Meterology Magazine, 90:33, 1961.
Ru48 Rupp, E.M., Beall, S.E., Bornwasser, L.P., Johnson, D.H., "Dilution of
Stack Gases in Cross Winds", USAEC Report AECD-1811 (CE-1620),
Clinton Laboratories, 1948.
SI68 Slade, D.H. (ed.), "Meteorology and Atomic Energy- 1968", U.S.
Atomic Energy Commission/Division of Technical Information, USAED
TID-24190, 1968.
Tu69 Turner, D.B. "Workbook of Atmospheric Dispersion Estimates", Air
Pollution Control Administration, Cincinnati, Ohio, 19.69.
Va68 Van der Hoven, I., "Deposition of particles and gasses", pp. 202-208,
In Slade, D. (ed.), Meteorology and Atomic Energy - 1968, U.S.
Atomic Energy Commission, USAED TID-24190.
9-2
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Appendix A
VALID RADIONUCLIDES
AC-225
AC-227
AC-228
AG-109M
AG-110
AG-110M
AG-111
AM-241
AM-242
AM-242M
AM-243
AR-41
AS-76
AT-217
BA-133
BA-133M
BA-137M
BA-139
BA-140
BA-141
BA-142
BE-10
BE-7
BI-210
BI-211
BI-212
Bl-213
BI-214
BR-82
BR-83
BR-84
BR-85
C-11
C-14
C-15
CA-41
CD-113
CD-113M
CD-115
CD-115M
CE-141
CE-143
CE-144
CF-252
CM-242
CM-243
CM-244
CM-245
CM-246
CM-247
CM-248
CO-57
CO-58
CO-60
CR-51
CS-134
CS-134M
CS-135
CS-136
CS-137
CS-138
CS-139
CU-64
EU-152
EU-152M
EU-154
EU-155
EU-156
F-18
FE-55
FE-59
FR-221
FR-223
GA-67
GD-152
H-3
HF-181
HG-203
HO-166
HO-166M
-122
-123
-125
-129
-130
-131
-132
-133
-134
-135
IN-113M
IN-115
IN-115M
IR-192
K-40
KR-83M
KR-85
KR-85M
KR-87
KR-88
KR-89
KR-90
LA- 140
LA-141
LA-142
MN-54
. MN-56
MO-93
MO-99
N-13
NA-22
NA-24
NB-93M
NB-94
NB-95
NB-95M
NB-97
NB-97M
ND-147
NI-59
NI-63
NI-65
NP-237
NP-238
NP-239
NP-240
NP-240M
0-15
P-32
PA-231
PA-233
PA-234
. PA-234M
, PB-209
PB-210
PB-211
PB-212
PB-214
PD-107
PD-109
PM-147
PM-148
PM-148M
PM-149
PM-151
PO-210
PO-211
PO-212
PO-213
PO-214
PO-215
PO-216
PO-218
PR-143
PR- 144
PR-144M
PU-236
PU-238
PU-239
PU-240
PU-241
PU-242
PU-243
PU-244
RA-223
RA-224
RA-225
RA-226
RA-228
RB-86
RB-87
RB-88 .
RB-89
RB-90
RB-90M
RE-187
RH-103M
RH-105
RH-105M
RH-106
RN-219
RN-220
RN-222
RU-97
RU-103
RU-105
, RIM 06
S-35
SB-124
SB- 125
SB-126
SB-126M
SB-127
SC-46
SE-79
SM-147
SM-151
SM-153
SN-.1 13
SN-123
SN-125
SN-126
SR-89
SR-90
SR-91
SR-92
TB-160
TC-97
TC-99
TC-99M
TC-101
TE-125M
TE-127
TE-127M
TE-129
TE-129M
TE-131
TE-131M
TE-132
TE-133
TE-133M
TE-134
TH-227
TH-228
TH-229
TH-230
TH-231
TH-232
TH-234
TL-207
TL-208
TL-209
U-232
U-233
U-234
U-235
U-236
U-237
U-238
U-240
A-1
-------
W-181
W-185
W-187
XE-122
XE-123
XE-125
XE-127
XE-131M
XE-133
XE-133M
XE-135
XE-135M
XE-137
XE-138
Y-90
Y-90M
Y-91
Y-91M
Y-92
Y-93
ZN-65
ZN-69
ZN-69M
ZR-93
ZR-95
A-2
-------
Appendix B
STAR FILE FORMAT
This is a STability ARray (STAR) file. Jt shows the frequencies of occurrence that
the wind is blowing FROM a particular direction, at a particular stability, at a
particular speed. GETWIND converts the star array to a WIND file which shows
wind blowing TOWARD (not FROM) particular directions. The frequencies are in
x.xxxxx format, unspaced. The format is:
column 1
2-4
5
6
7
8
8-14
15-21
22-28
29^35
36-42
43-49
N A
NNE A
NE A
ENE A
E A
ESE A
SE A
SSE A
S A
SSW A
SW A
WSW
W
WNW
NW A
NNW A
N B
NNE B
NE B
ENE B
E B
ESE B
SE B
SSE B
S B
SSW B
A
A
A
Blank
Wind Direction
Blank
Stability Category
Blank
Start of the Wind Speed Categories (knots)
Wind Speeds 1-3 (knots)
Wind Speeds 4-6 (knots)
Wind Speeds 7-10 (knots)
Wind Speeds 11-16 (knots)
Wind Speeds 17-21 (knots)
Wind Speeds > 21 (knots)
0.000080.000660.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000160.000330.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000160.000160.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000080.000000.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000000. 000000. 000000".000000.000000.00000
0.000000.000000.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000160.000160.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000410.000490.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000160.000330.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000330.000410.QOOOOO.000000.000000.00000
0.000740.000410.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000570.000410.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000570.001070.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000330.000330.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000330.000570.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000160.000490.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.001860.001390.000250.000000.000000.00000
0.001800.000820.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.002130.000660.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000410.000160.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000410.000160.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.000330.000820.000080.000000.000000.00000
0.000740.001880.000000.000000.000000.00000
0.001480.002620.000250.000000.000000.00000
0.001560.002460.000080.000000.000000.00000
0.001230.001720.000160.000000.000000.00000
B-1
-------
SW B 0.001390.001800.000330.000000.000000.00000
WSW B 0.002130.002130.000740.000000.000000.00000
W B 0.003120.002300.000160.000000.000000.00000
WNW B 0. 001880. 002460. 000330 .,000000 . 000000.00000
NW B 0.001310.003610.000250.000000.000000.00000
NNW B .0. 002050. 003440. 000080.000000.000000.00000
N C 0.003440.003280.000900.000080.000000.00000
NNE C 0.002620.001480.000080.000000.000000.00000
NE C 0.003120.000820.000080.000000.000000.00000
ENE C 0.001390.001070.000160.000000.000000.00000
EC 0.001070.001310.000250.000000.000000.00000
ESE C 0.000570.000820.000900.000000.000000.00000
SE C 0.001390.002460.002790.000410.000000.00000
SSE C 0.001970.005900.004260.000330.000000.00000
S C 0.001390.005740.001880.000330.000000.00000
SSW C 0.001390.002790.001310.000080.000000.00000
SW C 0.001800.004430.003770.000490.000000.00000
WSW C 0.002210.004020.004260.000820.000000.00000
W C 0.003940.006310.003360.000330.000000.00000
WNW C 0.002700.004840.002380.000080.000000.00000,
NW C 0.003030.005900.003120.000080.000000.00000
NNW C 0.003610.006890.001720.000080.000000.00000
N D 0.010000.013360.007300.001070.000000.00000
NNE D 0.005570.007300.002870.000250.000080.00000
NE D 0.004590.003200.000570.000160.000000.00000
ENE D 0.002870.003770.001070.000160.000000.00000
E D 0.002210.004430.002460.000660.000000.00000
ESE D 0.002790.003280.006560.002950.000570.00008
SE D 0.002620.007460.025170.015490.001230,00000
SSE D 0.002300.013030.026310.010660.000490.00008
S D 0.002300.010580.011310.005490.000490.00016
SSW D 0.004100.007130.005820.005250.001070.00016
SW' D 0.005410.016070.016560.009840.000980.00016
WSW D 0.003030.010250.018850.011390.000660.00000
W D 0.003850.011230.021310.014020.002210.00016
WNW D 0.004100.008940.015830.011230.000740.00016
NW D 0.007460.013200.019590.011480.000330.00000
NNW D 0.011070.013200.014510.003610.000080.00008
N E 0.007460.014180.001150.000000.000000.00000
NNE E 0.006070.011480.000330.000000.000000.00000
NE E 0.003770.008120.000250.000000.000000,.00000
ENE E 0.003940.007210.000250.000000.000000.00000
E E 0.004670.012460.000330.000000.000000.00000
ESE E '0.003770.007050.001880.000000.000000.00000
SE E 0.002380.011970.008120.000000.000000.00000
SSE E 0.002620.009590.004510.000000.000000.00000
S E 0.002380. 007130. 002460. 000000 .'000000 . 00000
SSW E 0.002460.004260.000980.000000.000000.00000
SW E 0.002620.003940.002300.000000.000000.00000
WSW E 0.001390.002790.001800.000000.000000.00000
W E 0.002790.009020.003610.000000.000000.00000
WNW E 0.003770.010410.002130.000000.000000.00000
NW E 0.006480.012620.003440.000000.000000.00000
B-2
-------
NNW E 0.010250.018120.003520.000000.000000.00000
N F 0.000410.001070.000000.000000.000000.00000
NNE F 0.000570.001970.000000.000000.000000.00000
NE F 0.000980.000900.000000.000000.000000.00000
ENE F 0.000330.002210.000000.000000.000000.00000
E F 0.001230.001800.000000.000000.000000.00000
ESE F 0.000660.001480.000000.000000.000000.00000
SE F 0.000330.000820.000000.000000.000000.00000
SSE F 0.000080.000490.000000.000000.000000.00000
S F 0.000160.000250.000000.000000.000000.00000
SSW F 0.000160.000000.000000.000000.000000.00000
SW F 0.000000.000080.000000.000000.000000.00000
WSW F 0.000160.000080.000000.000000.000000.00000
W F 0.000080.000490.000000.000000.000000.00000
WNW F 0.000740.001230.000000.000000.000000.00000
NW F 0.000410.001070.000000.000000.000000.00000
NNW F 0.000250L001720.000000.000000.000000.00000
SAMPLE.STR is a sample file containing this data which can be found on the
installation disk. . .
B-3
-------
Appendix C
STATE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY
The following values are Beef Cattle Densities, Milk Cattle Densities, and Vegetable
Crop Food Fractions by state. .
State
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Wash. D.C.
Delaware
Florida
Georgia '
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Beef
Milk
Vegetable
1.520E-01
O.OOOE+00
1.270E-01
3.730E-02
8.810E-02
1.130E-01
3.600E-02
O.OOOE+00
6.480E-02
1.280E-01
1.430E-01
O.OOOE+00 '
7.400E-01
7.190E-02
3.330E-01
3.340E-01
2.900E-01
2.650E-01
1.080E-01
2.900E-02
1.090E-01
7.650E-03
7.900E-02
1.850E+0
3.430E-01
1.750E-01
7.290E-02
1.020E-01
1.180E-01
3.500E-01
1.400E-02
4.250E-02
4.130E-02
1.840E-02
5.830E-02
2.030E-01 .
2.680E-01
4.560E-02
9.630E-02
2.500E-02
8.870E-02
2.320E-01
7.020E-03
O.OOOE+00
5.900E-03
2.800E-03
2.850E-02
S.SOOE-^OS
2.500E-03
O.OOOE+00
, 2.720E-02
1.370E-02
8.630E-0.3
O.OOOE+00
3.140E-02
8.560E-03
2.160E-02
2.800E-02
8.000E-03
2.570E-02
9.620E-03
3.130E-02
6.110E-02
8.070E-Q3
3.510E-02
4.880E-02
1.890E-02
8.700E-03
9.270E-04
1.260E-02
6.250E-03
8.780E-03
1.580E-02
3.290E-02
1.140E-03
5.650E-04
8.560E-02
4. 560E-02
7.130E-03
4.530E-03
6.460E-02
2.300E-02
7.020E-03
8.850E-03
4.160E-03
O.OOOE+00
1.460E-03
2.900E-03
1.180E-02
1.390E-02
7.930E-03
O.OOOE+00
5.850E-02
6.920E-03
2.170E-03
O.OOOE+00
2.430E-02
7.150E-02
2.800E-02
2.720E-02
5.970E-02
3.980E-03
4.350E-02
4.960E-03
1.110E-02
5.970E-02
1.700E-02
3.050E-02
8.140E-03
1.070E-03
8.780E-03
6.320E-03
6.290E-02
2.390E-02
6.690E-02
1.820E-02
1.380E-03
8.920E-03
1.880E-02
1.700E-02
2.800E-02
1.590E-02
1.320E-02
4.540E-02
1.840E-03
1.200E-02
C-l
-------
State
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Beef
2.110E-01
1.900E-01
2.840E-02
1.310E-01
4.710E-02
5.620E-02
1.810E-01
6.230E-02
5.120E-02
Milk
2.000E-03
5.300E-03
4.460E-03
1.840E-02
8.880E-02
1.500E-02
1.430E-0.1
6.000E-03
5.790E-04
Vegetable
2.720E-03
5.770E-03
1.830E-03
8.700E-03
1.080E-03
5.200E-02
1.789E-Q2
1.160E-03
1.590E-03
C-2
-------
Appendix D
WEATHER DATA LIBRARY
ALABAMA
HSV0544 Huntsville, AL
ARIZONA:
INW0314
PNX0309
ARKANSAS:
LIT0516
LIT0165
Winslow, AZ
Phoenix, AZ
Little Rock, AR
Little Rock, AR
CALIFORNIA:
BUR1051
LAX0304
LGB1052
NZY0380
OAK0319
SAC0320
SBA0313
SNA1467
SUU0316
COLORADO:
DEN0618
DEN0952
EEE1420
GJT0476
PUB0564
CONN:
BDL1262
BDR0558
NHZ0180
Burbank, CA
Los Angeles, CA
Long Beach, CA
San Diego, CA
Oakland, CA
Sacramento, CA
Santa Barbara, CA
Santa Ana, CA
Fairfield/Travis CA
Denver, CO
Denve.r, CO
Eagle Co., CO
Grand Junction, CO
Pueblo, CO
Hartford, CT
Bridgeport, CT
Brunswick, CT
60/1-64/12
49/1-54/12
55/1-64/12
55/1-64/12
72/2-73/2
60/1-64/12
64/5-69/4
60/1-64/1.2
67/1-71/12
60/1-64/12
66/1-70/12
60/1-64/12
72/1-76/12
60/1-64/12
60/1-64/12
70/1-74/12
76/1-76/12
60/1-64/12
66/1-70/12
55/1-64/12
65/1-69/12
60/1-69/12
D-l
-------
DELAWARE
ILG1058 Wilmington, DE
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA:
DCA1047 Washington, DC
FLORIDA:
MIA0979 Miami, FL
PBI0054 West Palm Bch, FL
TLH0663 Tallahassee, FL
TPA0662 Tampa, FL
TPA0915 Tampa, FL
MCO0838 Orlando, FL
GEORGIA:
AGS1018
AMB0771
CSG0767
IDAHO:
BOI0653
MLP1448
PIH0359
ILLINOIS:
Augusta, GA
Alma, GA
Columbus, GA
Boise, ID
Mullan Pass, ID
Pocatello, ID
MDW0675 Chicago/Midway, IL
MLI0269 Moline/Quad City IL
QRD0452 Chicago/OHare, IL
PIA0716 Peoria, IL
RAN0234 Rantoul/Chanute AFB IL
SPI0415 Springfield, IL
INDIANA:
EVV0406
FWA1156
IND1080
SBN0257
Evansville, IN
Ft. Wayne, IN
Indianapolis, IN
South Bend, IN
60/1-64/12
68/1-73/12
70/1-74/12
70/1-70/12
60/1-64/12
60/1-64/12
69/1-73/12
74/1-74/12
70/1-74/12
54/1-58/12
69/1-73/12
60/1-64/12
50/1-54/12
58/1-62/12
73/1-73/12
67/1-71/12
65/1-69/12
65/1-69/12
63/1-67/12
67/1-71/12
60/1-64/12
60/1-64/12
55/1-74/12
67/1-71/12
D-2
-------
IOWA: ,
ALO0729 Waterloo, IA
DSM0753 Des Moines, IA
KANSAS:
FLV0561 Ft Leavenworth, KS
MKC1323 Kansas City, KS
TOP0534 Topeka, KS
KENTUCKY:
CVG0403
CVG1916
PAH0479
LOUISIANA:
BTR0169
BTR0166
NBG1379
MARYLAND:
BAL1059
FME1207
NHK1306
MASS:
Covington, KY
Covington, KY
Paducah, KY
Baton Rouge, LA
Baton Rouge, LA
New Orleans, LA
Baltimore, MD
Ft Meade, MD
Patuxent River, MD
60/1-64/12
72/1-72/12
62/1-70/12
67/1-71/12
63/1-72/12
58/1-62/12
70/1-74/12
60/1-64/12
72/1-72/12
55/1-64/12
67/1-71/12
69/1-73/12
60/1-64/12
75/1-75/12
BED0181
BOS0211
CEF0182
NZW1144
MICHIGAN:
BTL1460
TVC0844
MKG0251
YIP1061
Bedford, MA
Boston/Logan, MA
Chicopee Falls MA
So. Weymouth, MA
Battle Creek, Ml
Traverse City, Ml
Muskegon County, Ml
Detroit, Ml
63/1-67/12
67/1-71/12
60/1-64/12
70/1-74/12
50/1-54/12
74/1-74/12
67/1-71/12
63/10-68/9
D-3
-------
MINNESOTA
MSP0267 Minneapolis/StPI MN 67/1-71/12
MISSOURI:
, , \
COU0170 Columbia, MO 64/1-68/12
STL0603 St. Louis, MO 60/1-64/12
MISSISSIPPI:
BIX0538 Biloxi, MS 60/1-64/12
CGM0670 Columbus, MS 66/1-70/12
SGF0178 Springfield, MS 66/1-70/12
JAN1169 Jackson, MS 55/1-64/12
MONTANA:
BIL0331 Billings, MT 67/1-71/12
BTM0357 Butte, MT 56/1-60/12
NEBRASKA:
LNK1142 Lincoln, NE 59/1-63/12
OMA0991 Omaha/Eppley, NB 55/1-64/12
NEVADA:
UCC1026 Yucca Flats, NV 61/12-64/11
NEW JERSEY
NEL0505 . Lakehurst, NJ 68/1-72/12
NEW MEXICO:
ABQ0282 Albuquerque, NM 60/1-64/12
CNM1741 Carlsbad, NM 50/1-54/12
FMN0285 Farmington, NM 63/5-68/4
GNT1246 Grants, NM 54/1-54/12 .
SAF1184 Santa Fe, NM 50/1-54/12
D-4
-------
NEW YORK:
ALB0523
BUF0741
HPN0429
IAG0905
LEA0189
LEA0435
ROC0598
SWF0185
Albany, NY
Buffalo, NY
White Plain, NY
Niagra Falls, NY
New York/LaGuardia
NY/Ft Totte, NY
Rochester, NY
Newburgh, NY
NORTH CAROLINA:
CLT0682
FBG0075
HAT0392
INT0531
NKT0106
ILM0104
RDU0083
Charlotte, NC
Ft Bragg, NC
Cape Hatteras, NC
Winston Salem, NC
Cherry Pt, NC
Wilmington, NC
Raleigh, NC
NORTH DAKOTA:
DIK0509 Dickinson, ND
OHIO:
CLE1140
CMH0243
DAY0404
DAY1502
IBG0745
TOL0990
OREGON
Cleveland, OH
Columbus, OH
Dayton, OH
Dayton, OH
Perry, OH
Toledo, OH
PDX0364 Portland, OR
PENNSYLVANIA:
AVP0499,
ERI0610
HAR0631
RDG0184
Wilkes-Barre, PA
Erie, PA
Harrisburg, PA
Reading, PA
60/1-64/12
73/1-73/12
49/1-53/12
55/1-59/12
65/1-70/12
65/1-69/12
55/1-64/12
65/1-69/12
69/1-73/12
66/1-70/12
66/1-70/12
60/1-64/12
67/1-71/12
66/1-70/12
66/1-70/12
60/1-64/12
70/1-74/12
60/1-64/12
65/1-69/12
76/1-76/12
49/1-49/12
60/1-64/12
67/1-71/12
60/1-64/12
64/1-73/12
64/1-64/12
49/1-49/12
D-5
-------
RHODE ISLAND:
PVD0560 Providence, Rl
SOUTH CAROLINA:
CAE1371 Columbia, SC
FLO0600 Florence/Gilbert SC
GSP0528 Greenville/Sparta SC
MYR1027 Myrtle Beach, SC
SOUTH DAKOTA:
RAP0336 Rapid City, SD
TENNESSEE:
BNA014,9 Nashville, TN
CHA0711 Chattanooga, TN
MEM0143 Memphis, TN
TRI1191 Bristol, TN
TVS 1328 Knoxville, TN
TEXAS:
AMA0621 Amarillo/TX
CRP1459 Corpus Christ!, TX
SATOD64 San Antonio, TX
UTAH:
HV40302 Hanksville, UT
SLC1411 Salt Lake City, UT
VIRGINIA:
IAD0398 Wash/Dulles, VA
GVE0824 Gordonsville, VA
ROA0526 Roanoke, VA
WASHINGTON:
GEG0360 Spokane, WA
MWH0486 Moses Lake, WA
YKM0484 Yakima, WA
68/1-72/12
56/1-75/12
60/1-64/12
68/1-72/12
66/1-70/12
67/1-71/12
66/1-70/12
68/1-73/12
67/1-71/12
74/1-74/12
55/1-64/12
55/1-64/12
73/7-77/6
60/1-64/12
49/1-54/12
72/1-76/12
66/1-70/12
56/1-60/12
68/1-72/12
67/1-71/12
61/1-65/12
50/1-54/12
D-6
-------
WEST VIRGINIA:
CRW0655 Charleston, WV 68/1-73/12
HTS0019 Huntington, WV 67/1-71/12
WISCONSIN:
EAU0715 Eau Claire, Wl 69/1-73/12
ERB0776 Green Bay, Wl 64/1-73/12
WYOMING:
CPR0335 Casper, WY 67/1-71/12
LND1100 Lander, WY 70/1-74/12
RWL1261 Rawlins, WY 55/1-64/12
RKS1588 Rocky Springs, WY 71/1-75/12
D-7
-------
Appendix E
DIFFERENCES WITH EARLIER VERSIONS OF AIRDOS-EPA/DARTAB
There are a few differences between CAP88-PC and earlier versions of AIRDOS,
PREPAR and DARTAB. CAP88-PC is optimized for doing population assessments.
Population arrays must always be supplied to the program as a file, using the same
format as the mainframe version of CAP88. Sample population files are supplied
with CAP88-PC, which the user may modify to reflect their own population
distributions. Population files for the mainframe version of CAP88 may be
downloaded in ASCII format and used with CAP88-PC. CAP88-PC is programmed
to use the distances in the population array to determine the distances used to ,
calculate concentrations, to eliminate human error. CAP88-PC only uses circular
grids; square grids are not an option. Direct user input of concentrations is also
not an option. Agricultural arrays are generated automatically, requiring the user to
supply only the State name or agricultural productivity values.
<
CAP88-PC is also modified to do either "Radon-only" or "Non-Radon" runs, to
conform with the format of the 1988 Clean Air Act NESHAPS Rulemaking.
"Radon-only" assessments, which only have Rn-222 in the source term,
automatically include working level calculations; any other source term ignores
working levels. Synopsis,reports customized to both formats are automatically
generated.
Organs and weighting factors are modified to follow the ICRP 26/30 Effective Dose
Equivalent calculations, which eliminates flexibility on specifying organs and
weighting factors. The calculation of deposition velocity and the default
scavenging coefficient is also modified to incorporate current EPA policy.
Organs and Weighting Factors
Only 7 organs are valid for the new Effective Dose Equivalent^ They are:
Organ Weight
GONADS 0.25
BREAST 0.15
R MAR 0.12
LUNGS 0.12
THYROID 0.03
ENDOST 0.03
RMNDR 0.30
E-l
-------
Only these 7 organs are valid. Changing the organs and weights will invalidate the
results.
Population Arrays
Population arrays must now be entered only as a file. In the 1985 CAAC version
of AIRDOS-EPA/DARTAB, population arrays could be entered as instfeam data in
PREPAR.
Population files for the mainframe version of CAP88 may be downloaded in ASCII
format and used with CAP88-PC. Sample population files are supplied with
CAP88-PC, the user may modify the supplied files to reflect their own population
distributions.
The distances at the top of the population file are used by CAP88-PC to determine
the distances used in the assessment. This was programmed to eliminate human
error in mismatching the distances used to calculate concentrations with the
distances used to generate the population array. Distances used for calculating *
concentrations are now automatically set in CAP88-PC so as to calculate
concentrations for the midpoint of each sector.
Distances
In population assessments, distances for calculating concentrations (IDIST) are
calculated automatically as a function of the distances in the population array file.
CAP88-PC is written to only allow user assignments of IDIST for individual
assessments.
Agricultural Arrays
Arrays of milk cattle, beef cattle and agricultural crop area are automatically
generated by the CAP88-PC; the user is not required to supply the arrays. .The
arrays are generated to match the distances used in the population arrayS'Supplied
to the code, and use State-specific or user-supplied agricultural productivity values.
The state name (standard two letter abbreviation) mgst be provided to the variable
STATE. Users,are given the option to override the default agricultural productivity
values.
Radon-Only Runs
Assessments for Radon-222 now automatically include Working Level calculations.
CAP88-PC does this automatically; only a single source term of RN-222 may be
used in this option. Input of any additional radionuclides, even Rn-220, will cause
CAP88-PC to omit working level calculations.
E-2
-------
Square Grids
Option 2 in earlier versions of AIRDOS-EPA allowed users to choose either a square
(0) or circular grid (1). Since CAP88-PC requires a circular grid for population
assessments, this option is not available.
Scavenging Coefficient
The subroutine SETSC (from PREPAR) is no longer used. The default scavenging
coefficient (SC) is now calculated as a function of rainfall rate (RR). The formula
used is: SC = RR * 1E-7,
Direct Input of Concentrations
In CAP88-PC, the user may not supply concentrations as input. The subroutine
DIRECT has been removed.
Deposition Velocity
The subroutine SETVD is no longer'used to calculate deposition velocity (VD). VD
is set as follows:
Class
Iodine 3.5E-2
Particulate 1.8E-3
Gas 0.0
Equilibrium Fractions
CAP88-PC has the capability to vary equilibrium fractions; previously they were
set to a constant of 0.7. The new method varies the equilibrium fractions*
depending on the distance from the source. Linear interpolation is used to
determine the equilibrium fractions for distances that do not match the set
distances given. The equation is as follows: .
EFY = EFX + ((EFZ - EFX) * ((Y - X) / (Z - X)))
Where you have X_ Y Z
X and Z are the set distances given and Y is the user given distance (between X
and Z). The new method finds the equilibrium fraction for EFX, and EFZ is the
SET_EQUIL_FRACTIONS corresponding to the set distances.
E-3
-------
DOSMIC Subroutine
DOSMIC was modified to print only Working Levels. Working Levels are only
output for RN-222. Checks are performed before DOSMIC is called to determine if
Working Levels are needed.
Water Arrays
Arrays of water areas are not used in CAP88-PC.
NOMA fix
CAP88-PC uses a slightly different approach in calculating NOMA, following
discovery of a potential error in the 1985 CAAC version of AIRDOS-EPA. In the
earlier version, this error caused multiple point sources to be treated as an area
source if the nuclides emitted from each stack had identical characteristics. This
may cause some differences with previous assessments.
*.
Wind Frequencies
The GETWND routine has been modified to accept wind speeds greater than 10
m/sec. Earlier versions would only accept wind speeds less than 10 m/sec, and
there was a problem with some facilities, which had high wind speeds, generating
overflow errors in the wind speed arrays.
In order to accommodate higher wind speeds, and remain compatible with existing
wind data sets, precision limits force the. calculations to truncate the last digit in
the wind speed data. This may cause a slight variation in the determination of
PERD, the wind frequency for each direction, due to roundup. This may cause a
variation in concentrations as compared with earlier versions of PREPAR and
AIRDOS.
E-4
-------
Appendix F
POPULATION FILE FORMAT
Users are encouraged to use site-specific population arrays with CAP88-PC. Users
who have been operating the CAP88 mainframe software may download their
population files for use on the CAP88-PC system. In order for CAP88-PC to -
recognize the new population files/they must be copied to the
\CAP88PC\POPFILES subdirectory, and the filename must have the .POP
extension. They must be in the same format as the following file.
It is critical that all information be in the same exact locations with the "$" sign
being in the first column of the first row of the file.
The population file name, latitude, and longitude on row 1 are information only for
the purpose of verifying that the file desired is the file the user has selected.
NRADS is the number of distances within the population file. The value associated
with NRADS must be in columns 68 and 69 of row 1 of the population file and the
last digit must always be found in column 69 (right justified). ,
Distances begin in row 2 and all numbers are right justified. The number of
distances found in the file will be the number specified by NRAD. The distances
are edgepoints of each sector (the midpoints used in the calculations will be
calculated by the program) and are entered in the population file in kilometers. The
CAP88 programs will multiply each distance by 1000 before calculating the
midpoints and using them in the assessment. For example, the first distance in the
file, .62 kilometers, will become 620 meters and the midpoint calculated from that
will be 310 meters. There can be up to 20 distances, but the typical number of
distances is 13.
The population values are entered with distances across (columns) and directions
down (rows); however, each row will not be a new direction. There will be 20
distances for each direction (regardless of the number of distances specified in the
population file). The extra distances (usually 7) will simply contain zero. There
will always be 8 population values per row with the first value ending at column
10 and each subsequent value ending at multiples of 10 with the last value per
row ending in column 80. This means that for the direction N, the population
values will be contained on the first, second and part of the third row of the
distance-direction population values. The first population value for the next
direction, NNW, will be contained in columns 41 through 50 of the third row and
subsequent values for direction NNW will be contained on the remaining part of the
third row, the fourth, and part of the fifth row. There are 16 directions in
counterclockwise order starting with North.
F-l
-------
The following is the population file RMICOMPY.POP used in the sample
assessment.
RMICOMPY
.62
30.0
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0 .
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
319944.
0.
3448.
0.
407.
27255.
0.
2252.
0.
0.
80933.
0.
2021.
0.
0.
15531:
0.
1693.
0.
0.
150138. ,
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1.0.
40.0
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
^ , 0.
0.
0.
0 .
0.
0.
293.
0.
0.
7591.
0.
4223.
0.
0.
2388.
0.
0.
0.
0.
3148.
0.
0.
0.
0.
5397.
0.
0.
0.
: 0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
LAT=
2.0
50.0
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1987..
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
1108.
0.
0.
6999.
0.
3024.
0.
0.
5752.
0.
.0.
0.
0.
5123.
0.
125.
0.
0.
1338.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.'
0.
41.8900 LON= 80.7767
-'. 3.0
60.0
1043.
0.
0.
0.
0..
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2435.
0.
0.
779.
0.
0.
23331.
0.
3059.
0.
0.
7858.
0.
984.
0.
0.
4351.
0.
3161.
0.
780.
11236.
0.
14641.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
o.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
4.0
80.0
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
3014.
0.
0.
15354.
0.
2435.
187240.
0.
3396.
0.
2002.
140074.
0.
1792.
0.
0.
14935.
0.
827.
0 .
0.
17820.
1.
6332.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0;
.0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0. ,
0.
NSEC=16
5.0
0.
0.
6.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
288.
0.
0.
8786.
0.
0.
0.
0.
3128.
0.
0.
0.
0.
3659.
0.
0.
0.
0.
3252.
0.
89.
0.
0.
5986.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
NRADS=13
10.0
'
0.
0.
0.
0.
. o.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
183.
0.
421.
48943.
0.
.1688.
- 6.
_ 0.
6847.
0.
534.
0.
101.
3759.
0.
974.
0.
0.
3712.
0.
793.
0.
0.
13324.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
20.0
0.
0.
113.
0.
0.
0.
0.
2218.
0.
0.
. 380.
0.
810.
63357.
0.
3376.
« 'o.
4350.
8940.
0.
8224.
0.
0.
7416.
0.
1388.
0.
851.
25127.
0.
265.
0.
55.
45833.
O.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
o.
0.
0.
0.
0.
0.
F-2
------- |