United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
National Air and Radiation
Environmental Laboratory
540 South Morris Avenue
Montgomery, AL 36115-2601
EPA-402-R-04-004
October 2004
Radiological Survey at the
Kings Bay Naval
Submarine Base
Internet Address (URL) • http://www.epa.gov
Recycled/Recyclable • Printed with Vegetable Oil Based Inks on 100% Postconsumer, Process Chlorine Free Recycled Paper
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Radiological Survey at the
KINGS BAY NAVAL SUBMARINE BASE
October 2004
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory
540 South Morris Avenue
Montgomery, AL 36115-2601
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CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY v
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vii
ILLUSTRATIONS ix
TABLES xi
ABBREVIATIONS xiii
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Site Description and History 1
1.2 Survey History 2
1.3 Contaminants of Concern 2
1.4 Study Objectives 2
2.0 SAMPLING, MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS 3
2.1 Sampling and Measurement Strategy 3
2.1.1 Background Sampling Locations 3
2.1.2 Kings Bay Submarine Base (KBSB) Survey Site 4
2.1.3 Instrumentation 4
2.1.4 Table Notes 11
2.1.4.1 General 11
2.1.4.2 Sample Identification 11
2.2 Sample Collection and Analysis 12
2.2.1 Sample Collection 12
2.2.2 Sample Analysis 13
3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 15
3.1 Water Samples 15
3.2 Sediment and Sediment Core Samples 15
3.3 Biota Samples 16
3.4 External Radiation Measurements 16
4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC) 19
4.1 Quality Assurance Program 19
4.2 Quality Control Samples 19
4.3 Performance Evaluation Programs 19
5.0 CONCLUSIONS 21
in
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6.0 REFERENCES 23
APPENDIX 25
IV
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This report presents results of a radiological survey conducted in May 1999 by the National Air
and Radiation Environmental Laboratory (NAREL) to assess levels of environmental
radioactivity in and around the Kings Bay Submarine Base (KBSB) located approximately 10
miles east of Kingsland, GA. The purpose of the survey was to assess whether the maintenance,
overhaul, refueling or operation of nuclear-powered warships have created elevated levels of
radioactivity in the environment that could expose nearby populations or contaminate the
environment.
During this survey 81 samples were collected: 69 at the KBSB study site; 9 from background
locations; and 3 near the outfall of the Navy water treatment plant. Samples included drinking
water, surface water, sediment, sediment cores, and biota. All samples were analyzed for gross
alpha and beta activities and gamma emitting radionuclides. Water samples were analyzed for
tritium. In addition to sample collection and analysis, radiation surveys were performed using
portable survey instruments to detect gamma radiation.
No radioactivity attributable to nuclear-powered warship operations was detected. All
radioactivity detected in the 81 samples taken during the survey is attributed to naturally
occurring radionuclides or fallout from atmospheric nuclear tests and the Chernobyl reactor
accident in 1986. External radiation measurements did not detect any increased radiation above
natural background levels. Based on this radiological survey, practices regarding
nuclear-powered warship operations at KBSB have resulted in no increases in radioactivity
causing population exposure or contamination of the environment.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Many staff participated in this study and helped prepare this report. The detailed planning,
support, and assistance of the Kings Bay Submarine Base personnel was much appreciated. The
EPA survey team consisted of Sam Poppell, Jim Moore, Ed Mantiply, and Bob Trefethen from
NAREL; Jon Richards and Lloyd Generette from EPA Region 4 in Atlanta, GA. Ed Mantiply
and Bob Trefethen provided the computer technical expertise in the preparation of figures for the
sample locations. Chuck Petko edited the report. Finally, thanks go to the EPA staff who served
as technical peer reviewers of the manuscript.
DISCLAIMER
Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.
vn
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ILLUSTRATIONS
Figure Page
1. Kings Bay Submarine Base Area Map 5
2. Kings Bay Submarine Base Sample and External Measurement Locations 6
IX
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TABLES
Table
Page
1 Sample and Measurement Locations 7
2 External Gamma Radiation Measurements 17
A. 1 Gamma Spectrometry Results for Surface Water Samples 29
A.2 Tritium Results for Surface Water Samples 30
A.3 Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Results for Surface Water Samples 31
A.4 Gamma Spectrometry Results for Drinking Water Samples 32
A.5 Tritium Results for Drinking Water Samples 32
A.6 Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Results for Drinking Water Samples 33
A.7 Gamma Spectrometry Results for Harbor and Shoreline Sediment Samples Uranium
and Actinium Decay Chains 34
A.8 Gamma Spectrometry Results for Harbor and Shoreline Sediment Samples Thorium
Decay Chain and Other Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides 37
A.9 Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Results for Harbor and Shoreline Sediment
Samples 40
A. 10 Gamma Spectrometry Results for Sediment Core Samples Uranium and Actinium
Decay Chains 42
A.I 1 Gamma Spectrometry Results for Sediment Core Samples Thorium Decay Chain and
Other Gamma Emitting Radionuclides 45
A. 12 Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Results for Sediment Core Samples 48
A. 13 Gamma Spectrometry Results for Biota Samples 50
A. 14 Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Results for Biota Samples 51
XI
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ABBREVIATIONS
cm Centimeter
GPS Global Positioning System
IAG Inter-Agency Agreement
KBSB Kings Bay Submarine Base
L Liter
m Meter
P-R Microroentgen (10~6 roentgen of y-ray exposure)
(4,R/hr Microroentgen per hour
MDC Minimum Detectable Concentration
NAREL National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory
NAVSEA Naval Sea Systems Command
ND Not Detected
pCi Picocurie (10~12 curies of radioactivity)
pCi/g-dry Picocuries per gram-dry-weight
pCi/g-ash Picocuries per gram-ashed-weight
pCi/g-wet Picocuries per gram-wet-weight
pCi/L Picocuries per liter
PIC Pressurized lonization Chamber
USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
xin
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
The National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory (NAREL) of the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in cooperation with the United States Naval Sea
Systems Command (NAVSEA) has previously surveyed facilities serving nuclear-powered
warships. These surveys began in 1963 and have been conducted on the Atlantic and Pacific
coasts, on the Gulf of Mexico within the Continental United States and at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
In 1996, an interagency agreement (TAG) was signed with NAVSEA for NAREL to perform
radiological surveys over five years at active facilities serving nuclear-powered warships. These
surveys assess whether the construction, maintenance, overhaul, refueling or operations of
nuclear-powered warships have created elevated levels of radioactivity that could expose nearby
populations or contaminate the environment.
The first five environmental surveys performed under the interagency agreement were: Puget
Sound Naval Shipyard (PSNS) at Bremerton, WA, and the Naval Submarine Base (NSBB) near
Bangor, WA during 1996 (Fo98); San Diego Bay, CA (Go99) and Portsmouth Naval Shipyard at
Kittery, ME during 1997 (SmOl); Pearl Harbor Naval Complex (PHNC), HI during 1998 (PoOl);
and the Navy Nuclear Power Training Unit (NPTU), North Charleston, SC in 1999 (Fo03). The
sixth environmental survey under the IAG was performed May 7 13,1999, at the Kings Bay
Submarine Base (KBSB) at Kings Bay, GA.
A pre-survey trip to KBSB was made March 23 25, 1999 to develop a sampling and survey
work plan with the assistance of knowledgeable site personnel and EPA radiation program
representatives from EPA-NAREL and EPA Region 4. Staff from NAVSEA and KBSB
provided NAREL with information on past and present KBSB radiological operations and
procedures. All requested information was freely provided verbally and/or in writing. Based on
the information received and that derived from previous EPA studies, a work plan (EPA99) was
developed to describe the approach for assessing the radiological condition of the KBSB and
nearby aquatic environments.
1.1 Site Description and History (Ma99)
The Kings Bay Submarine Base (KBSB) is located in southeast Georgia, adjacent to St. Marys,
approximately 10 miles east of Kingsland and about 30 miles north of Jacksonville, Florida. The
facility is on Kings Bay just off Cumberland Sound which is created by Cumberland Island, a
barrier island on Georgia's Atlantic coast. KBSB consists of five primary work areas; a drydock
located at the northwest end of Kings Bay; a central pier, which is the center of most activity,
located to the northwest into Kings Bay; two covered explosives handling wharves located at
approximately the center of Kings Bay; a second pier located to the southeast near the entrance of
Kings Bay; and a magnetic silencing facility located further south of Kings Bay extending in an
easterly direction into Cumberland Sound.
Most of the Kings Bay area consists of shallow water and tidal marshes, except for the area of the
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ship channels which have been deepened by dredging. Fishing and boating were noted in the
local area, particularly on Cumberland Sound which is part of the intercoastal waterway.
Submerged aquatic vegetation is rare at KBSB due to excessive water current. Marine life
available to be sampled includes marsh grass, oysters, and crabs.
1.2 Survey History
KBSB was surveyed previously by the EPA in 1985 (W187). During the 1985 survey, no
radionuclides associated with nuclear-powered warship operations were detected in any of the
samples and the only shoreline gamma radiation levels which were elevated above the local
natural background resulted from stone which had been brought in to stabilize the shoreline. The
stone, which appeared to be large pieces of granite, contained levels of natural radioactivity
slightly greater than the local terrain. A number of new facilities have been constructed at KBSB
since the 1985 EPA survey. This was the initial EPA survey of the areas constructed since 1985
which included the drydock located at the northwest end of Kings Bay, Refit Wharves Numbers
1, 2 and 3 and Explosive Handling Wharves Numbers 1 and 2.
1.3 Contaminants of Concern
The results of previous harbor surveys indicate that cobalt-60 is the predominant radionuclide
one would find in environmental media if radioactivity were present as a result of naval nuclear
propulsion plant operations (Call, Ca87). Therefore, environmental sampling during this study
emphasized detection of cobalt-60. Other radionuclides of concern in liquid effluents or
encountered during maintenance work include tungsten-187, chromium-51, iron-59, iron-55,
nickel-63, niobium-95, zirconium-95, manganese-54, and cobalt-58 (ANS99). Water samples
were also analyzed for tritium since this radionuclide is known to be produced in the coolant of
light-water nuclear reactors.
1.4 Study Objectives
The objectives of the study were to determine if radioactive material related to US Navy nuclear-
powered warship operations, repair and maintenance is present at measurable levels in the harbor
samples collected, to make comparisons of current study results with past study results, and, as
deemed appropriate, to estimate potential doses to the public.
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2.0 SAMPLING, MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS
The following terms will be used in the discussion of the collection of samples and
measurements:
Study Site: The geographical area in and around KB SB that was
studied.
Measurement Location: A location in or near the study site where gamma exposure
rates were measured.
Sampling Location: A location in or near the study site from which samples
were collected.
Background Location: A selected sampling location where representative levels of
naturally occurring or existing radionuclides, not likely to
be related to KBSB, were measured.
2.1 Sampling and Measurement Strategy
This study was intended to determine the concentrations of cobalt-60 and other selected
radionuclides that could be present due to the operations performed at KBSB and other selected
radionuclides that may be present at or near the study site but originating from off-site locations.
The sampling locations selected were those where the Navy presently conducts environmental
monitoring, locations where the USEPA-NAREL sampled in 1985 and locations selected by
NAREL to more comprehensively characterize the study site.
Background sampling locations were selected to obtain baseline radionuclide levels that are
characteristic of the area. The data from the study site were compared directly to the background
concentrations when background data were available or to appropriate standards, such as those in
the national drinking water regulations (FROO).
Field duplicate samples were either co-located (adjacent) with the original samples or the original
samples were split. Biota, bottom sediment and water samples were typically composited at the
sampling location upon collection and then split into duplicate samples. However, the duplicate
shoreline samples were collected as adjacent samples at the same sampling location. Duplicates
of different media (e.g., biota, sediment, etc.) were taken at 3 sampling locations resulting in 10
samples (5 duplicate pairs).
2.1.1 Background Sampling Locations
There are three background locations for KBSB: in the middle of the Crooked River just off
Crooked River State Park (location KBSB055); on the shoreline at Crooked River State Park
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(location KBSB056) (see Fig. 1 and Table 1); and, for drinking water, at a motel in Kingsland,
GA (location KBSB058) (see Table 1). These background locations were selected during the
March 1999 pre-survey visit to the KBSB study site. Operations at KBSB would not have
impacted the background locations since they are far away from the study site.
2.1.2 Kings Bay Submarine Base (KBSB) Survey Site
The KBSB survey site is on Kings Bay off of Cumberland Sound and the surrounding environs
including the Crab Island dredging spoils area. Sampling locations presently used by the Navy
and sampling locations added by NAREL were used during this survey. Approximate sample
locations are shown in Figures 1 and 2. The type of sample and a description of the sample
location are presented in Table 1. A total of 81 samples were collected during this survey.
Repeated efforts to obtain sediment samples at locations 4 (east side of channel Marker R-80)
and 51 (southeast of Crab Island at Marker R-76) were unsuccessful.
2.1.3 Instrumentation
At selected locations, primarily public access areas, radiation measurements were made using
portable survey instruments to detect gamma radiation. External radiation measurement
locations are given in Table 2 and Figures 1 and 2. Three types of gamma measuring
instruments were used: a Ludlum Model-19 Micro-R radiation survey instrument, a GENITRON
GM survey instrument and a Reuter-Stokes pressurized ionization chamber (PIC). Instrument
serial numbers and calibration dates are available on the field data sheets.
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Crooked River
State Park
Scale (Kilometers) A
0 1 2 A
Fig. 1. Kings JBay Submarine Base Area Map
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Scale (Meters)
0 700 400
Sample
* Location
!o
Fig. 2. Kings Bay Submarine Base Sample and External Measurement Locations
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TABLE 1
Sample and Measurement Locations
Location ID
001
002
003
005
006
007
008
009
010
Oil
012
013
014
015
016
017
018
%
$
B
p>
S29/
W8
S19
S26
S25
S30
S24
Bl
S15
S18/
W3
BG
S6
S4
W
"d
>
vo
oo
N 30° 46.681'
N 30° 46.749'
N 30° 46.872'
N 30° 47.300'
N 30° 47. 183'
N 30° 47.330'
N 30° 47.398'
N 30° 47.421'
N 30° 46.640'
N 30° 47.382'
N30° 47.313'
N 30° 47.500'
N 30° 47.499'
N 30° 47.281'
N 30° 47.612'
N 30° 47.663'
N 30° 47.741'
£
£
I
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TABLE 1 -Continued
ID
019
020
021
022
022-2
023
024
025
026
027
028
029
030
031
032
033
034
035
036
2
69
3
B4
SI
B3
S2/
Wl
S7
S8
B2
S10
S27/
W6
E
P
A
Latitude
N 30° 47.620'
N 30° 47.800'
N 30° 47.835'
N 30° 47.789'
N 30° 47.789'
N 30° 47.758'
N 30° 47.868'
N 30° 47.820'
N 30° 47.930'
N 30° 47.964'
N 30° 48.101'
N 30° 48. 186'
N 30° 48.023'
N 30° 47.987'
N 30° 48.219'
N 30° 48.155'
N 30° 48.295'
N 30° 48.320'
N 30° 48.388'
Longitude
W 81° 30.575'
W 81° 30.710'
W 81° 30.596'
W 81° 30.747'
W 81° 30.747'
W 81° 30.759'
W 81° 30.791'
W 81° 30.711'
W 81° 30.735'
W 81° 30.747'
W 81° 30.969'
W81°31.107'
W 81° 31.056'
W 81° 30.934'
W 81° 31.234'
W81°31.124'
W81°3 1.257'
W 81° 31.290'
W 81° 31.376'
BK
DU
Samples & Measurements
B L E
B
S C
S W
W
B
S
B
S C
S W
S
S
E
B
L E
S
S W
S C
S C
Location Description
Shore near former Tender mooring at south end of Explosive Handling Wharf
#2, east side of road at shoreline.
South end of Explosive Handling Wharf #2 at center.
Approximately 158 m center of due east side of Explosive Handling Wharf #2.
Near the sewer outfall north of Explosive Handling Wharf #2.
The sewer outfall north of Explosive Handling Wharf #2 at approximate depth
of the discharge pipe outflow (Pipe not located).
On the shoreline at the sewer outfall location north of Explosive Handling
Wharf #2.
Approximately midway between the entrance to Explosive Handling Wharf #1
and Explosive Handling Wharf #2 and 15 m east of the pier.
North end of Explosive Handling Wharf #2.
Explosive Handling Wharf #1 centerline on the east side.
Mid channel between site 24 (midway between the entrance to Explosive
Handling Wharf #1 and Explosive Handling Wharf #2 and 15m east of the
pier) and Navigation Marker 56.
Mid channel between the south end of the Port Services Pier and Navigation
Marker 58.
Mid channel parallel with the north end of the Port Services Pier.
South end of boat dock over granite rocks on the shoreline of Port Services Pier
North end of Port Services Pier (KBSB Map B).
North end of shoreline of submarine base, on Defense Mapping Agency marker
#4086, near Environmental Data Point #9.
ApproximatelyblS m north of the north end of Port Services Pier.
Southeast corner, approximately 15 m from Refit Wharf #3.
Refit Wharf #3 centerline on east side, about 240 m from EHW-2,
approximately 2 1 m from southeast corner of BSB #3.
Refit Wharf #2 centerline on east side, approximately 33 m from southeast
corner of BSB #2, about 93 m from north end of CCSB #3.
oo
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TABLE 1 -Continued
ro
037
038
039
040
041
042
043
044
045
046
047
048
049
050
052
053
054
055
056
2
<,
<•<
S12
S13/
W7
S14
Sll
S3
S5
S16
S17
S21/
W5
E
P
A
Latitude
N 30° 48.320'
N 30° 48. 574'
N 30° 48.614'
N 30° 48.826'
N 30° 49.211'
N 30° 48.692'
N 30° 48.962'
N 30° 48.586'
N 30° 48.021'
N 30° 48.047'
N 30° 47.774'
N 30° 47.762'
N 30° 47.645'
N 30° 47.591'
N 30° 48.459'
N 30° 48.273'
N 30° 49.179'
N 30° 50.898'
N 30° 50.738'
Longitude
W 81° 31.290'
W 81° 31.529'
W 81° 31.484'
W81°31.601'
W 81° 31.476'
W 81° 31.370'
W 81° 31. 170'
W 81° 31.274'
W 81° 30.680'
W 81° 30.647'
W81°30.311'
W 81° 30.170'
W 81° 30.152'
W 81° 30.024'
W 81° 29.940'
W 81° 29.893'
W 81° 32. 594'
W81°33.518'
W 81° 33.638'
BK
BK
BK
DU
DU
DU
Samples & Measurements
s c
s
s c
B
E
S W
S
S
S
B L E
S
B L E
S
S
S W
C L
B L E
S W
B L E
Location Description
BSB #1 centerline on east side, approximately 2 1 m from center, about 192 m
from north end of CCSB #2.
Approximately 15m from the north corner of pier and base.
South end of dry dock at the north end of the submarine base, about 160 m from
NE comer of CCSB #1.
Shore near northeast corner of dry dock discharge at north end of submarine base.
North end of Kings Bay at nearest point of public access on the water between two
warning signs.
At the north end of Kings Bay, approximately 15 m south of navigation marker
#68.
Approximately 18m west of the Kings Bay Military Installation sign at the north
end of Crab Island.
Approximately 15 m west of navigation marker #64 in the bay on the northwest
side of Crab Island.
West of Crab Island, approximately 15m west of navigation marker #56.
Crab Island west shoreline, due NE of Explosive Handling Wharf #2 at Crab
Island pier.
West of Crab Island, about 15 m West of navigation marker #54.
South end of Crab Island shoreline, due SW of KBSB survey marker #10.
Approximately 30 m from the southeast corner of Crab Island dredge spoil area.
Approximately 12 m southwest of Kings Bay Military Installation sign at the soutl
end of Crab Island.
Middle of the mouth of the creek on the eastern side of Crab Island dredge spoils
area.
Near south spillover tower at Crab Island dredge spoils area.
South of boat ramp and pier, Etowah Park located near the northeast boundary of
KBSB and Crooked River State Park.
At mid-river on Crooked River at Crooked River State Park.
Shoreline at Crooked River State Park, NNW of boat ramp, take small trail to
opening at a small concrete marker "R/W."
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TABLE 1 -Continued
ID
057
058
^
J
E
P
A
Latitude
N 30° 48.433'
N 30° 47.441'
Longitude
W 81° 3 1.466'
W 81° 39.208'
BK
BK
DU
DU
Samples & Measurements
D
D
Location Description
Drinking water at Building 5104, Refit Support, KBSB.
Drinking water at Best Western Motel, Kingsland, GA.
a Navy symbols used in the tables are explained on page 12.
b"EPA 1985" location ID's are from the EPA/NAREL 1985 Kings Bay survey. Locations were determined from text descriptions or maps from Wi87.
'Latitude and longitude are given in degrees and decimal minutes.
d Sample and measurement codes are explained on page 11.
'Sites which have Navy ID's are located exactly at the Navy location. Corresponding EPA 1985 ID'S indicate sampling locations which approximately correspond to the Navy location (within about
30 m). Sites which have EPA 1985 ID's but not Navy ID's are located at the EPA 1985 location.
' Water samples were collected at a depth of 1 m unless otherwise specified.
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2.1.4 Table Notes
2.1.4.1 General
Samples were taken as close to piers as situations permitted when a distance was not specified.
Sometimes barges, ships and other equipment prevented collecting a sample close to the pier,
therefore, an alternate location was selected. Geographic positions (latitude and longitude) were
determined by commercially available Global Positioning System (GPS) units. These units had a
typical accuracy ranging from 30 to 100 meters.
2.1.4.2 Sample Identification
Each sample collected or measurement taken during the survey was marked with a unique code
which denoted:
1. Location
2. Matrix or Measurement type
3. Sample type detail (e.g., field duplicate, background, sewer outfall)
The sample identification (ID) code has the form KBSBxxx-yyyy[-zz], where 'xxx' indicates the
sampling site ID number, 'yyyy' identifies the measurement type or matrix (and species for biota
samples), and (zz) provides additional descriptive information: 'DU' if the sample was a
duplicate or 'BK' if the sample was a background location. Not all samples required the use of
all characters. The following table explains the codes used for the different sample types.
Sample and Measurement Codes
Code
S
L
C
BO
BMG
Sample or Measurement Type
Harbor Sediment
Shoreline Sediment
Sediment Core
Oysters
Marsh Grass
Code
B?
W
D
E
Sample or Measurement Type
Unidentified Type of Marsh Grass
Harbor Surface Water
Drinking Water
External Exposure Rate
Coding for a typical sample might be as follows: a KBSB harbor-bottom sediment sample taken
at location 11 is coded 'KBSB011-S'. If the sample were a duplicate at KBSB location 24, it
would be 'KBSB024-S-DU'. A duplicate water sample taken at KBSB location 55 (a
background location) is labeled 'KBSB055-W-DU-BK'. A non-duplicate marsh grass sample
taken at KBSB location 48 is labeled 'KBSB048-BMG'. A second water sample taken at the
depth of the sewer outfall has an additional identifier of "02" after the location number to
indicate that this is the second water sample collected at this location, but at a different depth
11
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than the first water sample, e.g. 'KBSB022-02-W. "Navy" location ID's with "S" prefixes are
sediment sample location ID's, "W" prefixes are water sample location ID's, and "B" prefixes
are biota sample ID's.
2.2 Sample Collection and Analysis
2.2.1 Sample Collection
Shoreline (intertidal) sediment, harbor bottom sediment (grab and core), water (harbor surface,
sewage outfall, and drinking waters), and biota were collected. By previous agreement between
USEPA-NAREL and the Navy, most samples were split for routine independent comparisons by
the Navy. The samples collected are listed in Table 1. The locations where duplicate samples
were taken are noted in Table 1. All samples were analyzed for gross alpha and beta activities
and gamma emitting radionuclides. Water samples were analyzed for tritium.
A total of eleven surface water samples were collected. This included one sample and a
duplicate taken at a background location and two samples taken at the water treatment outfall.
Sample KBSB022-2-W was taken before the sewer outfall pipe was located. Surface water
samples were collected by lowering a Wildco horizontal water sampling bottle (alpha bottle) to a
depth of 1 m (two samples at the Navy sewer outfall north of Explosive Handling Wharf #2 were
collected at the depth of the outfall pipe) and then closing the bottle by releasing a "messenger"
that activated a tripping mechanism. This process was repeated until 5 L of water were obtained.
About 4 L of water were poured into a plastic sample container and acidified to a pH of < 2 with
nitric acid. The acidified water sample was analyzed for gross alpha and beta activities and
gamma emitting radionuclides. One fourth liter of the water sample was poured into a glass
container and, without being acidified, was analyzed for tritium.
Three drinking water samples were collected from 2 taps representing the water supplies of
Kingsland, GA, and KBSB. A duplicate sample was collected at KBSB. The 5 L drinking water
sample collected at each location was divided into 2 sample containers and analyzed in the same
manner as were the surface water samples.
Thirty-seven harbor bottom sediment samples were obtained during this study. Sediment
sampling from boats was performed using a Peterson dredge to sample approximately the top 10
cm of sediment. Each sample consisted of approximately 4 liters. Samples collected included
one background location and one duplicate background sample.
A total of 9 shoreline sediment samples were collected, of which one was a background and one
was a duplicate background sample. Shoreline sediment samples were collected with a small
trowel or scoop and consisted of approximately 4 liters of surface soil collected from the
intertidal shoreline near the low tide line. Stones and organic debris were excluded as much as
possible. Any remaining debris was removed by sieving with a 16-mesh sieve during sample
preparation at the laboratory.
Nine sediment core samples were collected. Except for the single core collected by the EPA
12
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sampling team at the dredging spoils area, core samples were collected by Navy divers. Each
sediment core sample consisted of a 5 cm diameter cylinder of sediment up to 51 cm in length.
Sediment core samples were obtained to evaluate the vertical distribution of radioactivity in
sediment. Samples were collected by pushing the plastic tube vertically into the harbor bottom or
dredging spoils as far as possible, then capping the ends. Excess water was decanted from the
top of each core. The cores were frozen prior to shipping and remained frozen during shipping.
Before analysis, the frozen cores were cut into a maximum of 5 segments per core with each
segment having a minimum length of 5 cm. Each section was oven dried.
Twelve biota samples were collected, each consisting of approximately 4 liters of one species of
marine life. One sample and a duplicate were collected for quality assurance purposes at a
background location. Samples were collected from as small a region as possible. Marsh grass
was collected on the shoreline by the EPA sampling team and oysters were collected by divers.
Biota samples were homogenized in the field, frozen for shipping and thawed for radioanalysis.
Because of the interest in iodine-131, all biota samples were counted wet by gamma spectroscopy
within 7 days after collection.
2.2.2 Sample Analysis
Samples for each location were analyzed for gamma emitting radionuclides and for gross
alpha/beta activities. It was of particular interest to determine if cobalt-60 could be found in the
sediment samples and if iodine-131 could be found in the water samples. All water samples
were analyzed for tritium.
Gamma Spectrometry. This procedure allows for characterization of the gamma-emitting
radionuclides present in the sample without separating them from the sample matrix. The limit
of detectability of this method is a function of the sample size, counting geometry, detector
efficiency, background, counting time, gamma photon energy of the nuclide, and branching ratio
(percent abundance). Liquid samples are acidified and soil or sediment samples are ground and
sieved to ensure the homogeneity of the samples. Biota samples are homogenized prior to
analysis to ensure uniformity of the sample.
Gross Alpha/Beta, This procedure, which provides a rapid screening measurement, was used as
a gross approximation of the alpha and beta activity present in the sample. Low energy and
volatile radionuclides such as tritium, carbon-14, and iodine will not be detected by this method.
In addition, polonium and cesium may be lost if the procedure requires flaming of the sample.
For water samples, a known amount of the sample is evaporated to a small volume then
transferred to a small container and further evaporated for measurement. For solid samples, a
known amount of the sample is placed on the planchet. Water is added and the sample is dried to
provide even distribution. The sample is weighed and counted on a gas proportional counter.
These analyses are not nuclide specific and are not as accurate as other types of analyses.
13
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Tritium Analysis. Water samples are distilled and are incorporated into a counting mixture
consisting of a primary solvent, emulsifier, and fluors. The tritium is assayed in a liquid
scintillation spectrometer.
14
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3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The radioanalytical results for the KBSB samples collected during this survey are reported in the
Appendix. The tables were generated from Data Quality Packages (DQPs) produced from
radioanalytical results. The quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) results for the laboratory
analyses and field sample QA/QC were presented in the DQPs for the sample analyses, and the
results were within acceptable limits as specified in the Quality Assurance Project Plan (EPA97)
for this survey. Some of the reported radionuclide activity results are negative. Negative results
occur when a previously determined counting instrument background value is subtracted from a
sample value that is less than the background value. Negative values represent a portion of the
statistical distribution of negative and positive values around zero for samples containing very
little or no detectable radioactivity.
3.1 Water Samples
Gamma analysis results for the 11 surface water samples are shown in Table A.I. Only naturally
occurring radionuclides were detected in surface water samples.
Three drinking water samples, which included a background and a site sample with duplicate
sample, were collected. The gamma analysis results are shown in Table A.4. Only naturally
occurring radionuclides were detected in drinking water samples.
Tritium analyses were performed on all water samples and results are presented in Tables A.2
and A.5. Tritium concentrations in the water samples collected at KBSB were similar to those
collected at the background location (KBSB055). The minimum detectable concentration (MDC)
of tritium was about 140 pCi/L for the water samples.
Results of the gross alpha and beta analyses of water samples are presented in Tables A.3 and
A.6. Samples collected from KBSB have concentrations similar to those found in the
background sample and samples at the Navy water treatment outfall. The KBSB drinking water
samples had a gross alpha concentration of -0.03±0.34 pCi/L and -0.8±1.3 pCi/L, respectively
(Table A.6), which indicates that these samples had little or no radioactivity. The National
Primary Drinking Water Regulations (FROO) state that the maximum allowed gross alpha particle
radioactivity in community water systems is 15 pCi/L (including radium-226, but excluding
radon and uranium).
3.2 Sediment and Sediment Core Samples
A total of 46 sediment samples were collected. Of the 37 harbor bottom sediment samples
collected: 34 were collected at KBSB locations; one was collected at the Navy water treatment
outfall; and 2, including one duplicate, were collected at the background location. Nine shoreline
sediment samples were collected: 7 at KBSB locations and 2 background samples, which
included one duplicate sample. The gamma analysis results are shown in Tables A.7 and A.8.
Gamma emitting radionuclides measured in the sediment samples were naturally occurring
15
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radionuclides or fallout from atmospheric nuclear tests (EPA04). No cobalt-60 was detected in
any of the sediment samples collected at KBSB. The cobalt-60 MDCs for the dredged sediment
samples were in the range of 0.01 to 0.03 pCi/g-dry due to the detector used and the sample size.
All samples were counted on a Ge detector for 1000 minutes.
Results of the gross alpha and beta analyses of sediment samples are presented in Table A.9. The
maximum total gross alpha and beta concentrations were 12.5±4.5 pCi/g-dry and 22.5±4.1
pCi/g-dry, respectively, in samples collected from KBSB; 8.5±3.9 pCi/g-dry and 16.6±3.7
pCi/g-dry in samples collected at the Navy water treatment outfall; and 12.5±4.4 pCi/g-dry and
18.5±3.8 pCi/g-dry, respectively, in samples from background locations. In summary, sediment
samples from KBSB have concentrations similar to the background and Navy water treatment
outfall samples.
Sediment core samples were taken at 9 sites. Gamma analysis results for the sediment core
samples are shown in Tables A. 10 and A. 11. The cobalt-60 MDCs for the sediment core
samples were in the range of 0.01 to 0.45 pCi/g-dry due to the detector used and the sample size.
All samples were counted on a Ge detector for 1000 minutes. No cobalt-60 was detected in any
of the sediment core samples collected at KBSB. All radionuclides identified were attributed to
naturally occurring radionuclides or fallout. The radionuclide content of the core samples
showed no significant differences with depth or with the dredge samples taken in the same
general area.
Results of the gross beta and alpha analyses of sediment core samples are shown in Table A. 12
for KBSB.
3.3 Biota Samples
Gamma analysis results for the 12 biota samples are shown in Table A. 13. Only naturally
occurring radionuclides were detected, with the exception of trace amounts of Cs-137, which are
most likely present due to fallout.
Results of the gross alpha and beta analyses of biota samples are presented in Table A. 14.
Samples collected from KBSB showed concentrations of alpha emitting radionuclides similar to
those found in the background samples.
3.4 External Radiation Measurements
External radiation measurements were made along the shoreline and on the water at KBSB with
emphasis on areas accessible to the public. Measurements were recorded every 10 minutes
during the survey with a Genitron Instruments Gamma TRACER GM type survey instrument,
and readings were downloaded at each external monitoring location. External exposure readings
were also taken for 5 to 10 minutes at each location with a Reuter-Stokes pressurized ion
chamber (PIC). A Ludlum Model-19 was also used to measure variation in exposure rates along
16
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the shoreline at each location. The Ludlum Model-19 does not respond linearly in response to
gamma rays of different energies as do the other instruments. Due to this difference in response,
the Ludlum Model-19 may provide what appears to be inconsistent results, and will frequently
indicate higher radiation readings than the other detectors due to this nonlinear response. Results
of the external radiation measurements are shown in Table 2. Radiation levels measured were
similar to background and due to naturally occurring radionuclides. The highest external
radiation reading was at a stone-stabilized shoreline location (KBSB030) and was attributed to
higher levels of naturally occurring radioactivity in the stone than in the surrounding terrain.
TABLE 2
External Gamma Radiation Measurements
Location ID
KBSB002-E
KBSB009-E
KBSB015-E
KBSB019-E
KBSB030-E
KBSB032-E
KBSB041-E
KBSB046-E
KBSB048-E
KBSB054-E
KBSB056-E-BK.
KBSB056-E-DU-BK
PIC Exposure Rates
\LSJhr
3.2-4.5
3.5-4.4
4.0-10.9
7.9 - 9.2
5.4-16.4
6.0 - 8.3
3.3-4.4
7.9 - 9.4
3.7-5.5
5.4 - 7.0
4.1-8.8
1.2-15.3
GENITRON Exposure
Rates
HR/hr
5± 1
4±1
8±1
11±1
11±1
9±1
5±1
9±1
6±1
9±1
7±1
7±1
Ludlum Model-19
Exposure Rates
|iR/hr
1
1
7
7
15
6
2
8
4
7
6
6
17
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4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC)
4.1 Quality Assurance Program
The NAREL Quality Assurance (QA) Plan applies to all work performed at NAREL. The
purpose of the quality assurance program is to ensure that all measurements performed at
NAREL are valid, scientifically defensible, and of known precision and accuracy. The NAREL
Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for the U.S. Navy Environmental Studies (EPA 97) was
prepared in accordance with the requirements described in "EPA Requirements for Quality
Assurance Project Plans for Environmental Data Operations" (EPA94).
Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) for the laboratory analyses performed for this
survey is detailed in the QAPP (EPA97). Quality control (QC) samples are analyzed in
conjunction with routine samples to ensure the quality of the analytical results. Corrective
actions must be taken when it is shown by the results of QC samples that the radioanalytical
procedure is beyond predetermined control limits. Quality assurance is equally important in the
sample collection process. All documentation, including chain-of-custody forms, was properly
completed. Sampling equipment was in good working order and field measurement equipment
was calibrated and properly maintained.
4.2 Quality Control Samples
Field and laboratory quality control samples were included with site samples to help evaluate the
entire sampling and analysis process. Evaluation of QC samples allows assessment of the
accuracy and precision of the analytical procedures. The field duplicate results assess the
consistency of the sampling process and the representativeness of the samples collected.
hi the laboratory, samples were grouped in batches for quality control purposes, with a maximum
of 20 samples per matrix per analysis type. For each batch, the laboratory analyzed a reagent
blank, a matrix spike, a matrix spike duplicate, and a laboratory replicate sample. However, for
gamma spectrometry and gross alpha and beta analyses, only a recount (duplicate) or split was
performed for batch QC. Results of these QC samples were reviewed with sample results as part
of the data verification and review process. Specific criteria for acceptance are included in the
QAPP (EPA97). All blank sample results were maintained on control charts by analyst, matrix,
and analyte. Warning and rejection limits were used to assess acceptance of the blank results.
No substantial corrective actions were required during the processing and analysis of the samples
for this survey. Radioanalytical sample results complied with the terms and conditions of the
QAPP as certified by the NAREL Quality Assurance Coordinator and the Chief of the
Monitoring and Analytical Services Branch.
4.3 Performance Evaluation Programs
It is NAREL policy to participate in many inter laboratory comparisons of radioactivity
19
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measurements and cross-check programs. NAREL participates in intercomparison QA studies
with the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, MD; the World
Health Organization (WHO) in Le Vesinet, France; the International Atomic Energy Agency
(IAEA), Vienna, Austria; the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Radiological Environmental
Science Laboratory in Idaho Falls, ID; the DOE Environmental Measurements Laboratory (EML)
in New York, NY and Analytics, a commercial company in Atlanta, Georgia.
20
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5.0 CONCLUSIONS
The radiological survey at the KBSB provides the basis for the following conclusions:
1. All radioactivity detected in the 81 samples taken during the survey is attributed to naturally
occurring radionuclides or fallout from atmospheric nuclear tests and the Chernobyl reactor
accident in 1986. Water samples from KBSB contained no detectable levels of radioactivity
other than those occurring naturally. No cobalt-60 was detected in any of the sediment or
sediment core samples collected at KBSB.
2. External radiation measurements did not detect any increased radiation exposure above
natural background levels.
3. Based on the results presented in this study, practices regarding nuclear-powered warship
operations at KBSB have resulted in no increases in radioactivity causing population
exposure or contamination of the environment.
21
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6.0 REFERENCES
ANS99 American Nuclear Society, 1999, Radioactive Source Term for Normal Operations of
Light Water Reactors, ANSI/ANS-18.1-1999.
Call Callis, R.S., Windham, S.T., and Phillips, C.R., 1977, Radiological Survey ofPuget
Sound Naval Shipyard, Bremerton, Washington and Environs, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency Report, February 1977, EPA 520/5-77-001.
Ca87 Callis, R.S., 1987, Radiological Survey of the Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard and
Environs, Honolulu, Hawaii, USEPA Report, June 1987, EPA 520/5-87-010.
EPA94 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Quality Assurance Management Staff (now
Quality Assurance Division), 1994, EPA Requirements for Quality Assurance Project
Plans for Environmental Data Operations, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Report, Draft Interim Final, August 1994, EPA QA/R-5.
EPA97 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997, Work Plan for Environmental Surveys
at U.S. Naval Stations—Quality Assurance Project Plan, U.S. Navy Environmental
Surveys, National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory, Draft, September 5,
1997, IAG/QAPP-1.
EPA99 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1999, Work Plan for Environmental Survey
at the Charleston Naval Nuclear Power Training Unit and Kings Bay Naval
Submarine Base, National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory, April 28,
1999.
EPA04 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Radiation Data (ERD),
Reports 1-103, 1973-2000. http://www.epa.gov/narel/erarns/erdonline.html. Reports
accessible are 75-102. Other reports can be obtained from NAREL (October 2004).
Fo98 Fowler, T. W. and Cox, C., 1998, Radiological Survey at the Puget Sound Naval
Shipyard and Naval Submarine Base - Bangor, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency Report, July 1998, EPA-402-R-98-003.
Fo03 Fowler,T.W. and Poppell, Jr., S.W., 2003, Radiological Survey at the Naval Nuclear
Power Training Unit, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Report, August 2003,
EPA-402-R-03-002.
FROO Federal Register, Vol. 65, No. 236, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations;
Radionuclides; Final Rule, pp. 76708-76753, 65 FR 76708, December 7, 2000.
23
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Go99 Goodman, R. A., 1999, Radiological Survey of Naval Facilities on San Diego Bay,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Report, January 1999, EPA-402-R-98-011.
Ma99 Mangeno, J.J., Steele, J.M., and Bernhardt, K.C., 1999, Environmental Monitoring
and Disposal of Radioactive Wastes from U.S. Naval Nuclear-Powered Ships and
their Support Facilities 1998, Naval Nuclear Propulsion, Department of the Navy,
March 1999, Report NT-99-1.
PoOl Pohl, K.R., 2001, Radiological Survey of the Pearl Harbor Naval Complex, U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency Report, November 2001, EPA-402-R-01-014.
SmOl Smith, J.M. and Lloyd, V.D., 2001, Radiological Survey of Portsmouth Naval
Shipyard, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Report, November 2001, EPA-402-
R-01-013.
Wi87 Windham, S.T., 1987, Radiological Survey of Kings Bay Submarine Support Facility,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Report, June 1987, EPA-520/5-87-008.
24
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APPENDIX
Radioanah tical Results for
May 1999
KBSB Samples
25
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General Information for NAREL Analytical Methods
as Reported in the NAREL Data Quality Packages
Gamma Spectrometry
Gamma analysis was done on all collected samples. The activity and 2-sigma uncertainty for
radionuclides measured by gamma spectroscopy are reported only if the nuclide is detected.
Nuclides that are not detected do not appear in the report, with the exception of barium-140,
cobalt-60, cesium-137, iodine-131, potassium-40, radium-226, and radium-228. If one of these
seven nuclides is undetected, NAREL reports it as "Not Detected" or "ND".
Due to potential spectral interferences and other possible problems associated with the
determination of the activity for certain radionuclides, the activities for thorium-234,
protactinium-234m, radium-226, and uranium-235 are subject to greater possible error than other
commonly reported radionuclides. Note that this potential error is not included in the 2-sigma
counting error reported with each activity. Although in this report we do provide the calculated
activities for these radionuclides, we recommend that the results be used only as a qualitative
means of indicating the presence of these radionuclides and not as a quantitative measure of their
concentration. The results for these nuclides are not used in the evaluation of quality control
samples. Furthermore, because of mutual interference between radium-226 and uranium-235,
NAREL's gamma analysis software tends to overestimate the amounts of these nuclides
whenever both are present in a sample. Lower estimates for radium-226 activities can be
obtained from the reported activities of its decay products, lead-214 and bismuth-214, which
could be somewhat less than the radium-226 activity because of the potential escape of radon
gas.
NAREL's gamma spectroscopy software corrects activities and MDCs for decay between
collection and analysis, but only up to a limit often half-lives. So, if the decay time for a sample
is more than ten half-lives of a radionuclide, that nuclide will almost for certain be undetected,
and the reported MDC will be meaningless. This is usually a problem only for short-lived
radionuclides, such as iodine-131 and barium-140, when there is a long delay between collection
and analysis.
Gross Alpha and Beta Analysis
hi comparison to the methods employed to determine radionuclide-specific activities, the method
employed by NAREL to determine gross alpha and beta activity has the potential for greater
analytical bias. This is especially true for soils. Note that this potential analytical error is not
included in the 2-sigma counting error term. Therefore, gross alpha and beta results should be
used as gross approximations of the alpha and beta activity present.
27
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TABLE A.1
Gamma Spectrometry Results for Surface Water Samples
Sample ID
NARELID
Activity (pCi/L ± 2O counting error)
226Ra
214Bi
212Pb
60Co
40R
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 001 -W
KBSB 008-W
KBSB 014-W
KBSB 022-W
KBSB 022-W-2
KBSB 027-W
KBSB 034-W
KBSB 042-W
KBSB 052-W
99.02539
99.02537
99.02541
99.02535
99.02536
99.02540
99.02581
99.02610
99.02579
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
10.4 ±3.0
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
<2.8
<3.1
<2.8
<3.2
<3.3
<3.1
<2.9
<3.2
<3.1
301 ±29
315 ±29
316±29
314±29
324 ± 29
321 ±29
307 ± 29
318±30
303 ± 29
BACKGROUND SAMPLES
KBSB 055-W-BK
KBSB 055-W-BK-DU
99.02609
99.02613
ND
38 ±46
ND
ND
3.6±3.6
ND
<2.8
<2.8
299 ± 29
308 ± 29
Note: ND indicates the radionuclide was not detected by gamma spectrometry.
"< X" indicates the radionuclide was not detected and "X" was the minimum detectable concentration for
the nuclide in this sample.
No other gamma-emitting radionuclides were detected in these samples.
29
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TABLE A.2
Tritium Results for Surface Water Samples
Sample ID NAREL ID
Tritium Activity
(pCi/L ± 2O counting error)
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 001-W
KBSB 008-W
KBSB 014-W
KBSB 022-W
KBSB 022-W-2
KBSB 027-W
KBSB 034-W
KBSB 042-W
KBSB 052-W
99.02539
99.02537
99.02541
99.02535
99.02536
99.02540
99.02581
99.02610
99.02579
25 ±79
6 ±78
-13 ±78
16 ±79
11 ±79
44 ±80
25 ±79
-3 ±78
40 ±80
BACKGROUND SAMPLES
KBSB 055-W-BK
KBSB 055-W-BK-DU
99.02609
99.02613
-57 ± 76
19 ±79
30
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TABLE A.3
Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Results for Surface Water Samples
Sample ID NAREL ID
Activity
(pCi/L ± 2O counting error)
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 001-W
KBSB 008-W
KBSB 014-W
KBSB 022-W
KBSB 022-W-2
KBSB 027-W
KBSB 034-W
KBSB 042-W
KBSB 052-W
99.02539
99.02537
99.02541
99.02535
99.02536
99.02540
99.02581
99.02610
99.02579
25 ±52
-37 ± 97
-12 ±37
-3 ±29
-36 ± 44
-27 ± 1 1
-16 ±26
-12±36
-26 ± 32
400 ± 110
390 ± 110
430 ± 110
300 ±140
470 ± 150
335 ±98
326 ±98
320 ±100
420 ±150
BACKGROUND SAMPLES
KBSB 055-W-BK
KBSB 055-W-BK-DU
99.02609
99.02613
-1±33
-9 ±34
320 ± 100
380± 110
31
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TABLE A.4
Gamma Spectrometry Results for Drinking Water Samples
Sample ID
NARELID
Activity (pCi/L
212pb
±20
208r-pl
counting error)
60Co
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 057-D
KBSB 057-D-DU
99.02554
99.02569
ND
7.3 ±7.7
ND
ND
<2.8
<7.2
BACKGROUND SAMPLES
KBSB 058-D-BK
99.02568
ND 1.7±1
.5 <2.5
Note: ND indicates the radionuclide was not detected by gamma spectrometry.
"< X" indicates the radionuclide was not detected and X was the minimum detectable concentration for the
nuclide in this sample.
No other gamma-emitting radionuclides were detected in these samples.
TABLE A.5
Tritium Results for Drinking Water Samples
Sample ID
NARELID
Tritium Activity
(pCi/L ± 2o counting error)
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 057-D
KBSB 057-D-DU
99.02554
99.02569
2 ±78
-11 ±78
BACKGROUND SAMPLES
KBSB 058-D-BK
99.02568
19 ±79
32
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TABLE A.6
Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Results for Drinking Water Samples
Sample ID
NARELID
Activity
(pCi/L ± 2o counting error)
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 057-D
KBSB 057-D-DU
99.02554
99.02569
-0.03 ± 0.34
-0.8 ± 1.3
2.4 ± 1.2
BACKGROUND SAMPLES
KBSB 058-D-BK
99.02568
0.06 ±0.70
2.6 ±1.2
33
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TABLE A.7
Gamma Spectrometry Results for Harbor and Shoreline Sediment Samples
Uranium and Actinium Decay Chains
Sample ID
HARBOR
KBSB 001 -S
KBSB 003-S
KBSB 005-S
KBSB 006-S
KBSB 007-S
KBSB 008-S
KBSB 010-S
KBSB011-S
KBSB013-S
KBSB 014-S
KBSB016-S
KBSB017-S
KBSB018-S
KBSB021-S
KBSB 022-S
NAREL
ID
234Th
234mPa
226Ra
Activity (pC
214pb
i/gdry ± 20 counting error)
2,4Bj
235u
227Th
223Ra
219Rn
SEDIMENT - STUDY SAMPLES
99.02545
99.02538
99.02547
99.02551
99.02548
99.02534
99.02544
99.02542
99.02553
99.02552
99.02550
99.02533
99.02543
99.02603
99.02532
1.41 ±0.28
0.65 ±0.19
0.87 ±0.21
0.60 ±0.16
ND
0.74 ± 0.20
0.89 ±0.22
1.41 ±0.25
1.09 ±0.30
1.26 ±0.22
1.21 ±0.22
ND
2.06 ±0.21
1.11 ±0.26
0.65 ±0.1 8
1.5± 1.2
0.65 ±0.85
1.4 ± 1.3
1.6± 1.0
ND
1.7±1.3
ND
2.7 ± 1.3
1.7±1.4
2.2 ±1.3
1.8±1.3
0.8 ± 1.0
2.4 ±1.2
1.6±1.6
ND
1.67 ±0.33
1.39 ±0.21
1.96 ±0.30
1.96 ±0.24
1.90 ±0.33
1.86 ±0.28
1.99 ±0.29
1.76 ±0.27
1.61 ±0.32
1.90 ±0.32
1.93 ±0.29
1.33 ±0.26
1.75 ±0.25
1.85 ±0.32
1.46 ±0.32
0.816 ±0.055
0.613 ±0.040
0.737 ±0.051
0.881 ±0.056
0.715 ±0.050
0.612 ±0.044
0.857 ± 0.056
0.645 ± 0.047
0.753 ±0.053
0.722 ± 0.050
0.667 ± 0.047
0.572 ±0.041
0.598 ± 0.040
0.652 ± 0.050
0.596 ± 0.046
0.719 ±0.051
0.542 ± 0.037
0.688 ± 0.049
0.793 ± 0.052
0.648 ± 0.048
0.552 ±0.041
0.765 ± 0.052
0.607 ± 0.045
0.664 ± 0.049
0.663 ± 0.048
0.599 ± 0.044
0.495 ±0.038
0.536 ±0.038
0.609 ± 0.049
0.563 ± 0.047
ND
ND
ND
0.120 ±0.015
0.1 17 ±0.020
0.113±0.017
ND
0.108 ±0.017
ND
0.115±0.019
0.115 ±0.017
0.082 ±0.016
0.108±0.015
0.111 ±0.019
0.092 ± 0.020
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.129 ±0.059
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.1 08 ±0.047
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
-------
TABLE A.1'-Continued
Sample ID
KBSB 024-S
KBSB 026-S
KBSB 027-S
KBSB 028-S
KBSB 029-S
KBSB 033-S
KBSB 034-S
KBSB 035-S
KBSB 036-S
KBSB 037-S
KBSB 038-S
KBSB 039-S
KBSB 042-S
KBSB 043-S
KBSB 044-S
KBSB 045-S
KBSB 047-S
KBSB 049-S
KBSB 050-S
KBSB 052-S
NAREL
ID
99.02549
99.02604
99.02546
99.02578
99.02580
99.02556
99.02614
99.02562
99.02563
99.02564
99.02555
99.02565
99.02557
99.02573
99.02576
99.02572
99.02575
99.02577
99.02574
99.02612
234Th
1 .40 ± 0.25
1.39 ±0.22
1.36 ±0.21
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.46 ±0.17
0.49 ±0.1 6
0.74 ±0.1 7
0.98 ±0.18
ND
0.98 ±0.23
0.26 ±0.11
ND
1.62±0.19
0.73 ±0.19
0.92 ±0.1 8
0.59 ±0.25
ND
234mPa
3.1 ± 1.6
ND
0.9 ± 1.2
1.1 ± 1.2
0.74 ±0.89
1.9± 1.3
ND
0.98 ±0.98
1.39 ±0.84
1.5± 1.3
2.3 ± 1.5
1.6± 1.2
ND
0.65 ± 0.67
0.86 ±0.83
2.8 ± 1.0
1.4 ± 1.1
0.97 ±0.93
1.9± 1.1
ND
226Ra
1.73 ±0.38
1.86 ±0.29
1.80 ±0.31
1.55 ±0.29
1.16 ±0.24
1.66 ±0.28
1.75 ±0.33
1.54 ±0.25
1.64 ±0.20
1.60 ±0.31
1.54 ±0.28
2.23 ±0.26
1.41 ±0.28
0.56 ±0.19
ND
1.87 ±0.24
2.01 ±0.29
1.94 ±0.25
1.63 ±0.27
1.06 ±0.23
Activity
214Pb
0.769 ±0.057
0.698 ± 0.033
0.644 ± 0.046
0.760 ±0.051
0.545 ± 0.038
0.736 ±0.050
0.800 ± 0.054
0.61 8 ±0.043
0.606 ± 0.040
0.598 ± 0.044
0.532 ± 0.040
0.901 ±0.059
0.611 ±0.044
0.346 ±0.026
0.677 ± 0.045
0.674 ± 0.044
0.771 ±0.052
0.906 ±0.057
0.846 ±0.056
0.462 ±0.033
(pCi/g,,^ ± 2o counting error)
2,4Bi
0.693 ± 0.053
0.655 ±0.036
0.571 ±0.043
0.696 ± 0.049
0.490 ± 0.036
0.631 ±0.045
0.708 ± 0.050
0.520 ±0.039
0.557 ± 0.038
0.530 ±0.042
0.471 ±0.039
0.851 ±0.059
0.591 ±0.044
0.311 ±0.025
0.618 ±0.043
0.609 ±0.041
0.686 ±0.048
0.827 ± 0.053
0.778 ±0.053
0.414 ±0.032
235U
0.1 09 ±0.023
ND
0.110±0.019
0.098 ±0.017
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.100 ±0.012
0.099 ±0.019
0.094 ±0.0 17
0.137 ±0.016
0.088 ±0.017
0.035 ±0.012
0.123 ±0.015
ND
ND
ND
0.098 ±0.016
0.066 ±0.014
227Jh
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
223Ra
ND
ND
ND
0.099 ± 0.063
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.067 ± 0.045
ND
ND
ND
219Rn
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.066 ±0.051
ND
ND
-------
TABLE A.1'-Continued
o ample JLLI
NAREL ID
Activity (pCi/g,^
234Th
234mpa
226Ra
2,4pb
± 2o counting error)
214Bi
235U
22,Th
223Ra
219Rn
HARBOR SEDIMENT - BACKGROUND SAMPLES
KBSB 055-S-BK
KBSB 055-S-BK-DU
SHORELINE
KBSB015-L
KBSB019-L
KBSB 032-L
KBSB 046-L
KBSB 048-L
KBSB 053-L
KBSB 054-L
SHORELINE
KBSB 056-L-BK
KBSB 056-L-BK-DU
99.02607
99.02608
ND
0.67 ±0.11
0.80 ± 0.45
1.15±0.55
0.69 ±0.11
1.30±0.15
0.224 ±0.017
0.7 15 ±0.043
0.211 ±0.017
0.694 ± 0.042
0.0407 ± 0.0063
0.0770 ± 0.0088
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
SEDIMENT - STUDY SAMPLES
99.02616
99.02615
99.02605
99.02611
99.02571
99.02570
99.02606
0.35 ±0.17
ND
ND
0.43 ±0.14
0.75 ±0.17
0.98 ± 0.22
ND
1.0± 1.2
0.75 ±0.81
0.55 ± 0.64
ND
ND
1.5 ±1.2
ND
1.32 ±0.28
1.03 ±0.22
1.46±0.19
1.02 ±0.22
1.54 ±0.27
2.01 ±0.30
0.63 ± 0.23
0.733 ±0.027
0.497 ± 0.036
0.713 ±0.045
0.547 ±0.038
0.564 ± 0.040
0.690 ± 0.048
0.266 ± 0.024
0.661 ±0.028
0.469 ± 0.035
0.653 ± 0.042
0.520 ±0.038
0.534 ±0.040
0.630 ± 0.046
0.230 ±0.024
0.083 ±0.017
ND
0.089 ±0.012
ND
0.094 ±0.016
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
SEDIMENT - BACKGROUND SAMPLES
99.02566
99.02567
ND
0.61 ± 0.24
ND
ND
1.31 ±0.24
1.38 ±0.27
0.680 ± 0.045
0.764 ± 0.050
0.632 ± 0.043
0.686 ± 0.047
ND
0.081 ±0.016
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: ND indicates the radionuclide was not detected by gamma spectrometry.
"< X" indicates the radionuclide was not detected and X was the minimum detectable concentration for the nuclide in this sample.
No other gamma-emitting radionuclides were detected in these samples.
-------
TABLE A.8
Gamma Spectrometry Results for Harbor and Shoreline Sediment Samples
Thorium Decay Chain and Other Gamma-Emitting Radionuclides
Sample ID
NAREL
Activity (pCL
'gdry ± 20 counting
error)
22 8 "o ^ 224"u o ^l^T)l-» 212"DI 208|r|| 7fj ... ^f~~*r\ ^-^f^c ^\f
JV« £v A f U D I J. I D c ^^ \l \~s S .^v
HARBOR SEDIMENT - STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 001 -S
KBSB 003-S
KBSB 005-S
KBSB 006-S
KBSB 007-S
KBSB 008-S
KBSB010-S
KBSB011-S
KBSB013-S
KBSB014-S
KBSB016-S
KBSB017-S
KBSB018-S
KBSB021-S
KBSB 022-S
KBSB 024-S
KBSB 026-S
KBSB 027-S
KBSB 028-S
99.02545
99.02538
99.02547
99.02551
99.02548
99.02534
99.02544
99.02542
99.02553
99.02552
99.02550
99.02533
99.02543
99.02603
99.02532
99.02549
99.02604
99.02546
99.02578
0.829 ±0.062
0.602 ± 0.043
0.746 ± 0.056
0.931 ±0.062
0.732 ± 0.058
0.764 ± 0.056
0.902 ± 0.064
0.756 ±0.057
0.756 ±0.060
0.712 ±0.054
0.789 ±0.060
0.602 ± 0.049
0.707 ± 0.050
0.700 ±0.061
0.572 ±0.053
0.719 ±0.060
0.684 ±0.046
0.726 ± 0.056
0.756 ±0.056
0.55 ±0.31
0.50±0.19
0.94 ±0.27
0.81 ±0.21
0.78 ±0.33
0.78 ±0.30
0.81 ±0.28
0.73 ±0.29
0.73 ±0.33
0.59 ±0.31
0.90 ± 0.30
0.54 ± 0.26
0.94 ± 0.22
0.57 ±0.32
0.52 ±0.29
0.80 ±0.38
0.82 ± 0.35
0.91 ±0.29
0.71 ±0.28
1.040 ±0.068
0.720 ± 0.046
1.050 ±0.068
1.110 ±0.069
1.010 ±0.066
0.935 ± 0.062
1.1 30 ±0.072
1.040 ±0.068
1.020 ±0.067
1.030 ±0.067
1.060 ±0.068
0.727 ± 0.050
0.986 ± 0.062
0.900 ±0.061
0.816 ±0.057
1.050 ±0.071
0.928 ± 0.032
1.040 ±0.066
1.010 ±0.065
0.99 ±0.1 5
0.70 ±0.13
1.16±0.16
1.01 ±0.15
1.09±0.15
0.92 ±0.1 5
1.12±0.15
0.97 ±0.14
0.93 ±0.19
0.95 ±0.16
1.01 ±0.15
0.83 ±0.13
0.85 ±0.14
0.82 ±0.17
0.89 ±0.16
0.99 ±0.18
1.00 ±0.17
0.98 ±0.16
0.81 ±0.14
0.328 ±0.025
0.223 ±0.017
0.334 ±0.025
0.372 ± 0.025
0.338 ±0.026
0.294 ± 0.023
0.351 ±0.026
0.337 ±0.025
0.329 ±0.026
0.334 ±0.025
0.326 ±0.024
0.246 ± 0.020
0.3 10 ±0.022
0.315 ±0.027
0.265 ± 0.023
0.3 10 ±0.026
0.310 ±0.021
0.337 ±0.025
0.315 ±0.024
0.59 ±0.10
0.388 ±0.072
1.33±0.15
0.075 ±0.058
1.01 ±0.12
0.414 ±0.088
0.276 ±0.080
1.93±0.17
1.46±0.15
1.63±0.16
1.34±0.14
0.145 ±0.073
2.05 ±0.1 6
1.62 ±0.20
0.94 ±0.1 4
1.86±0.19
1.12±0.21
1.21 ±0.13
0.1 85 ±0.095
<0.02
<0.01
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.03
<0.03
<0.03
<0.03
<0.02
<0.02
0.068 ±0.01 3
0.0331 ±0.0080
0.132 ±0.015
0.084 ±0.011
0.124 ±0.015
0.116±0.014
0.050 ±0.0 12
0.150± 0.016
0.157±0.016
0.146 ±0.015
0.154±0.015
0.0310 ±0.0087
0.164 ±0.014
0.144 ±0.018
0.1 24 ±0.01 6
0.162 ±0.018
0.131 ±0.016
0.160 ±0.017
0.043 ±0.010
8.49 ± 0.55
6.70 ±0.43
9.63 ±0.61
9.69 ±0.60
9.36 ±0.61
8.75 ±0.56
5.72 ±0.39
9.86 ±0.63
9.46 ± 0.62
9.17 ±0.59
9.60 ±0.61
3.62*0.28
9.49 ±0.59
9.02 ±0.61
9.07 ± 0.62
9. 86 ±0.65
8. 60 ±0.33
9.28 ±0.60
5.31 ±0.37
-------
TABLE A.S-Continued
Sample ID
KBSB 029-S
KBSB 033-S
KBSB 034-S
KBSB 035-S
KBSB 036-S
KBSB 037-S
KBSB 038-S
KBSB 039-S
KBSB 042-S
KBSB 043-S
KBSB 044-S
KBSB 045-S
KBSB 047-S
KBSB 049-S
KBSB 050-S
KBSB 052-S
NAREL
ID
99.02580
99.02556
99.02614
99.02562
99.02563
99.02564
99.02555
99.02565
99.02557
99.02573
99.02576
99.02572
99.02575
99.02577
99.02574
99.02612
228Ra
0.536 ±0.041
0.768 ± 0.056
0.755 ± 0.058
0.636 ± 0.050
0.681 ±0.048
0.651 ±0.053
0.61 8 ±0.052
0.511 ±0.048
0.688 ±0.053
0.243 ± 0.025
0.713 ±0.052
0.754 ± 0.052
0.735 ± 0.054
0.971 ± 0.064
0.794 ± 0.056
0.444 ±0.036
HARBOR SEDIMENT - BACKGROUND
KBSB 055-S-BK
KBSB 055-S-BK-
DU
99.02607
99.02608
0.089 ±0.013
0.971 ± 0.059
224Ra
0.47 ± 0.26
0.66 ±0.31
0.54 ±0.31
0.49 ± 0.25
0.58 ±0.19
0.69 ±0.28
0.68 ± 0.27
0.31 ±0.25
0.60 ±0.27
0.17±0.16
0.72 ±0.24
0.55 ± 0.20
0.66 ± 0.29
0.75 ± 0.22
0.66 ±0.31
0.22 ± 0.23
SAMPLES
ND
0.60 ±0.13
212Pb
0.646 ± 0.044
0.920 ± 0.060
0.956 ± 0.064
0.771 ±0.051
0.814 ±0.051
0.872 ±0.058
0.845 ±0.056
0.543 ± 0.040
0.810 ±0.054
0.302 ± 0.024
0.868 ± 0.056
0.935 ±0.059
0.943 ± 0.061
1.080 ±0.067
0.933 ±0.061
0.485 ±0.035
0.104 ±0.011
0.952 ± 0.057
Activity (pCi/gdl7
212Bi
0.64 ±0.11
0.84 ±0.14
0.92 ±0.1 7
0.79 ±0.12
0.78 ±0.10
0.94 ±0.15
0.83 ±0.15
0.59 ±0.18
0.74 ±0.1 5
0.345 ±0.083
0.73 ±0.13
0.94 ±0.12
0.96 ±0.14
1.03 ±0.12
0.80 ±0.13
0.461 ± 0.095
0.078 ± 0.054
1.040 ±0.092
± 2o counting
208-pj
0.209 ±0.017
0.298 ±0.022
0.3 10 ±0.025
0.252 ± 0.020
0.273 ±0.019
0.283 ± 0.023
0.282 ± 0.022
0.189 ±0.018
0.270 ± 0.022
0.093 ±0.011
0.273 ± 0.020
0.304 ± 0.021
0.301 ±0.023
0.352 ± 0.024
0.293 ± 0.022
0.154 ±0.014
0.0380 ± 0.0055
0.330 ±0.021
error)
7Be
ND
0.077 ±0.081
0.14±0.11
ND
0.1 45 ±0.065
0.75 ±0.13
0.70 ±0.10
0.40 ±0.1 3
0.070 ± 0.077
ND
0.255 ± 0.098
1.33 ±0.12
0.1 90 ±0.094
0.255 ±0.080
ND
ND
ND
ND
"Co
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.03
<0.02
<0.01
<0.02
<0.02
<0.03
<0.02
<0.02
<0.02
<0.01
<0.01
137Cs
0.0087 ± 0.0066
0.0341 ± 0.0090
0.067 ±0.012
0.060 ±0.011
0.0909 ± 0.0098
0.129 ±0.016
0.127 ±0.014
0.021 ±0.011
0.083 ±0.012
ND
0.0486 ± 0.0099
0.139 ±0.013
0.128 ±0.014
0.0631 ±0.0096
0.0346 ± 0.0090
0.0104 ±0.0065
ND
0.0085 ± 0.0043
40K
3.81 ±0.27
5.00 ±0.35
6.68 ± 0.45
6.37 ±0.43
7.96 ±0.50
9.14 ±0.60
8.84 ±0.58
5.04 ±0.38
7.14 ±0.47
1.18±0.13
6.03 ± 0.40
9.30 ± 0.58
8.87 ± 0.56
8.62 ± 0.54
7.49 ± 0.48
3. 04 ±0.23
1.20 ±0.10
3. 40 ±0.22
oo
-------
TABLE A.8-Continued
Sample ID
NAREL
ID
228Ra
224Ra
212Pb
Activity (pCi/j
212Bi
l^ ± 2a counting error)
208^1
7Be
'"Co
I37Cs
40K
SHORELINE SEDIMENT - STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB015-L
KBSB 019-L
KBSB 032-L
KBSB 046-L
KBSB 048-L
KBSB 053-L
KBSB 054-L
SHORELINE
KBSB 056-L-BK
KBSB 056-L-BK-DU
99.02616
99.02615
99.02605
99.02611
99.02571
99.02570
99.02606
0.328 ± 0.029
0.550 ± 0.044
0.771 ±0.051
0.331 ±0.031
0.615 ±0.047
0.665 ± 0.053
0.262 ± 0.028
0.25 ± 0.24
0.52 ±0.22
0.79 ±0.1 8
0.31 ±0.19
0.44 ±0.22
0.66 ±0.27
0.20 ±0.1 9
SEDIMENT - BACKGROUND
99.02566
99.02567
0.753 ±0.052
0.884 ±0.061
0.49 ± 0.24
0.78 ±0.26
0.406 ± 0.024
0.633 ± 0.043
0.887 ±0.055
0.370 ±0.029
0.681 ±0.046
0.746 ±0.051
0.327 ±0.027
SAMPLES
0.846 ±0.055
1.010 ±0.064
0.36±0.11
0.476 ±0.096
0.85 ±0.10
0.321 ±0.094
0.67 ±0.13
0.76 ±0.14
0.43 ±0.10
0.89 ±0.12
0.90 ±0.1 5
0.127 ±0.013
0.204 ±0.017
0.283 ±0.019
0.118±0.013
0.225 ±0.018
0.251 ±0.021
0.107 ±0.013
0.271 ±0.020
0.308 ±0.023
0.21 ±0.10
ND
ND
0.069 ± 0.068
ND
O.lOiO.ll
0.073 ±0.071
ND
ND
<0.02
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.02
<0.02
<0.01
<0.02
<0.02
0.0165 ±0.0078
0.0363 ± 0.0076
ND
ND
0.067 ±0.011
0.153±0.016
0.0072 ± 0.0072
ND
ND
4.09 ± 0.20
1
74±0.16
0.99 ±0.10
2
5
8
1
1
1
04±0.18
88 ±0.40
06 ±0.53
62±0.16
52 ±0.14
90±0.17
Note: ND indicates the radionuclide was not detected by gamma spectrometry.
"< X" indicates the radionuclide was not detected and X was the minimum detectable concentration for the nuclide in this sample.
No other gamma-emitting radionuclides were detected in these samples.
-------
TABLE A.9
Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Results for
Harbor and Shoreline Sediment Samples
Sample ID
HARBOR SEDIMENT -
KBSBOOl-S
KBSB 003-S
KBSB 005-S
KBSB 006-S
KBSB 007-S
KBSB 008-S
KBSB 010-S
KBSB011-S
KBSB013-S
KBSB 014-S
KBSB016-S
KBSB017-S
KBSB018-S
KBSB021-S
KBSB 022-S
KBSB 024-S
KBSB 026-S
KBSB 027-S
KBSB 028-S
KBSB 029-S
KBSB 033-S
KBSB 034-S
KBSB 035-S
KBSB 036-S
KBSB 037-S
KBSB 038-S
KBSB 039-S
KBSB 042-S
NARELID
Activity
(pCi/gdrv ± 2o counting error)
Gross Alpha
STUDY SAMPLES
99.02545
99.02538
99.02547
99.02551
99.02548
99.02534
99.02544
99.02542
99.02553
99.02552
99.02550
99.02533
99.02543
99.02603
99.02532
99.02549
99.02604
99.02546
99.02578
99.02580
99.02556
99.02614
99.02562
99.02563
99.02564
99.02555
99.02565
99.02557
5.2 ±3.2
5.8 ±3.3
10.0 ±4.0
11.3±4.3
12.5 ±4.5
12.2 ±4.5
6.1 ±3.7
4.7 ±3.3
7.9 ±3.6
9.1 ±4.0
7.6 ±3.7
3.9 ±2.9
8.1 ±3.8
7.2 ±3.4
8. 5 ±3. 9
8.6 ±4.1
4.9 ±3.5
8.47 ±3.9
5.61 ±3. 3
3.62 ±2.6
3.67 ±3.0
4.56 ±3.4
6.65 ±3.8
8.1 ±3.7
8.4 ±3.7
6.2 ±3.3
2.7 ±2.5
8.3 ±3.7
Gross Beta
14.8 ±3.5
11.3±3.3
20.3 ±3. 9
19.1±3.8
17.4 ±3.6
18. 5 ±4.0
12. 5 ±3. 5
22.5 ±4.1
21.8±4.0
14.5 ±3.5
15.1 ±3.5
6.4 ±2.9
21.1 ±4.0
17. 5 ±3.6
16.6 ±3.7
17.9 ±4.1
18.8±3.8
18.0 ±3. 8
10.2 ±3.3
5.28 ±2. 8
14.8 ±3. 5
9.52 ±3.2
13.1±3.5
14.1 ±3.5
12.9±3.4
17.5 ±3.7
10.3 ±3.2
14.1 ±3.5
40
-------
TABLE A.9--Continued
Sample ED
KBSB 043-S
KBSB 044-S
KBSB 045-S
KBSB 047-S
KBSB 049-S
KBSB 050-S
KBSB 052-S
NARELID
99.02573
99.02576
99.02572
99.02575
99.02577
99.02574
99.02612
Activity
(pCi/gdry ± 2(J counting error)
Gross Alpha
2.7 ±2. 5
5. 8 ±3.5
8. 8 ±3. 8
6.7 ±3. 9
9.2±4.1
7.1 ±3.4
5.1 ±2.9
Gross Beta
5.9 ±2. 9
11.2±3.4
18.4 ±3.7
13.8 ±3. 6
16.5±3.7
14.9±3.5
7.4 ±3.0
HARBOR SEDIMENT - BACKGROUND SAMPLES
KBSB 055-S-BK
KBSB 055-S-BK-DU
SHORELINE SEDIMENT
KBSB015-L
KBSB019-L
KBSB 032-L
KBSB 046-L
KBSB 048-L
KBSB 053-L
KBSB 054-L
SHORELINE SEDIMENT
KBSB 056-L-BK
KBSB 056-L-BK-DU
99.02607
99.02608
0.8 ± 1.9
12. 5 ±4.4
- STUDY SAMPLES
99.02616
99.02615
99.02605
99.02611
99.02571
99.02570
99.02606
7.3 ±3.7
4.62 ±3.2
3.2 ±2. 8
2.45 ±2.4
7. 33 ±3.6
7. 87 ±3.7
3.42 ±2. 8
- BACKGROUND SAMPLES
99.02566
99.02567
4.3 ±2.8
6.5 ±3.6
0.2 ±2. 3
18.5±3.8
12.3 ±3.4
4.77 ±2. 8
7.25 ±3.0
3.23 ±2.7
16.1 ±3.6
14.2 ±3.5
6.78 ±2.9
5.1 ±2.8
13.5±3.5
41
-------
TABLE A.10
Gamma Spectrometry Results for Sediment Core Samples
Uranium and Actinium Decay Chains
Sample ID
Core
Slice (cm)
NARELID
Activity (pCi/gdry ± 2 a counting error)
234-pj,
234mpa
226Ra
214pb
2!4Bi
235U
223Ra
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 017-C
KBSB 017-C
KBSB 017-C
KBSB 017-C
KBSB 017-C
KBSB 021-C
KBSB 021-C
KBSB 021-C
KBSB 021-C
KBSB 021-C
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-32
32-49
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-28
28-41
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-32
32-49
99.02679
99.02680
99.02681
99.02682
99.02683
99.02674
99.02675
99.02676
99.02677
99.02678
99.02706
99.02707
99.02708
99.02709
99.02710
1.2 ± 1.2
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.56 ±0.23
0.79 ± 0.27
0.44 ±0.1 6
ND
2.5 ±3.1
ND
ND
ND
1.08 ±0.30
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.5 ±2.0
ND
0.79 ± 0.92
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
3.1 ±1.7
4.61 ±0.89
1.6±1.3
1.65 ±0.67
1.69 ±0.45
ND
1.21 ±0.34
0.74 ± 0.34
0.83 ± 0.22
1.21 ±0.21
8.2 ±4.6
ND
ND
1.72 ±0.50
1.80 ±0.43
0.76 ±0.16
0.88 ±0.12
0.70 ±0.13
0.744 ± 0.073
0.700 ± 0.062
0.733 ± 0.065
0.544 ± 0.045
0.271 ±0.033
0.334 ± 0.027
0.421 ±0.032
2.09 ± 0.47
0.26 ±0.14
0.81 ±0.13
0.697 ± 0.053
0.698 ± 0.039
0.75 ±0.19
0.91 ±0.12
0.60 ±0.14
0.658 ± 0.080
0.574 ± 0.060
0.673 ± 0.065
0.517 ±0.049
0.218 ±0.033
0.322 ± 0.028
0.381 ±0.031
1.85 ±0.46
0.18 ±0.16
0.63 ±0.14
0.678 ± 0.054
0.641 ± 0.044
ND
0.276 ±0.053
0.1 32 ±0.074
ND
ND
0.089 ± 0.027
0.075 ± 0.020
ND
ND
0.075 ±0.013
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.107 ±0.026
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
to
-------
TABLE A.10-Continued
Sample ID
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
Core
Slice
(cm)
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-32
32-49
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-33
33-51
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-30
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-27
27-39
NAREL
ID
99.02711
99.02712
99.02713
99.02714
99.02715
99.02692
99.02693
99.02694
99.02695
99.02696
99.02688
99.02689
99.02690
99.02691
99.02697
99.02698
99.02699
99.02700
99.02701
Activity (pCi/gdry ± 2o
234Th
ND
ND
ND
0.89 ±0.38
0.74 ±0.35
ND
0.72 ± 0.66
ND
1.11 ±0.29
0.72 ±0.35
ND
ND
0.92 ±0.81
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
234mPa
ND
ND
ND
3.1 ±3.0
2.8 ±2.4
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
226Ra
2.3 ±2.4
2.6 ± 1.5
1.3 ± 1.9
1.99 ±0.53
2.22 ± 0.48
ND
1.78 ±0.93
4.19 ±0.83
1.47 ±0.32
1.69 ±0.48
1.0± 1.7
1.3± 1.4
1.7 ± 1.6
1.71 ±0.49
1.6± 1.8
ND
1.1 ± 1.6
3.00 ±0.50
1.60 ±0.70
Z14pb
0.65 ± 0.26
0.53 ±0.16
0.70 ±0.17
0.660 ±0.052
0.778 ±0.042
0.71 ±0.12
0.78 ±0.10
0.923 ± 0.099
0.679 ± 0.050
0.679 ±0.059
0.80 ±0.14
0.60 ±0.1 5
0.67 ±0.13
0.716 ±0.066
0.59 ±0.19
0.58 ±0.16
0.66 ±0.15
0.705 ± 0.066
0.601 ± 0.066
counting error)
2I4Bi
0.65 ± 0.27
0.59 ±0.15
0.57 ±0.18
0.616 ±0.055
0.650 ±0.048
0.61 ±0.15
0.66 ±0.11
0.92 ±0.12
0.591 ±0.049
0.622 ±0.065
0.53 ±0.17
0.52 ±0.16
0.46 ±0.1 7
0.597 ±0.066
0.42 ± 0.20
0.63 ±0.19
0.48 ±0.1 6
0.637 ±0.067
0.537 ±0.077
"5U
ND
0.169 ±0.088
ND
ND
0.134 ±0.028
ND
ND
0.267 ±0.051
0.087 ±0.019
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.183 ±0.030
0.099 ±0.041
223Ra
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.137 ±0.066
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.29 ±0.13
-------
TABLE A.10-Continued
Sample ED
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 053-C
KBSB 053-C
KBSB 053-C
KBSB 053-C
Core Slice
(cm)
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-30
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-31
NARELID
99.02684
99.02685
99.02686
99.02687
99.02702
99.02703
99.02704
99.02705
Activity (pCi/gdry ± 2 a
234Th
ND
1.05 ±0.43
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
234mpa
ND
ND
ND
1.6± 1.9
ND
ND
ND
3.3 ±2.1
226Ra
4.35 ±0.76
ND
ND
2.20 ±0.41
1.9 ± 1.2
ND
1.7 ± 1.2
2.49 ±0.34
214pb
1.07 ±0.10
1.160 ±0.086
0.955 ± 0.092
0.833 ±0.062
0.62 ±0.11
0.60 ±0.14
0.57 ±0.12
0.695 ± 0.037
counting error)
214Bi
l.OOiO.ll
0.996 ± 0.085
0.80 ±0.10
0.735 ±0.061
0.51 ±0.13
0.56 ±0.17
0.45 ±0.13
0.626 ±0.041
235U
ND
0.161 ±0.032
0.107 ±0.049
0.131 ±0.024
ND
ND
ND
ND
223Ra
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: ND indicates the radionuclide was not detected by gamma spectrometry.
"< X" indicates the radionuclide was not detected and X was the minimum detectable concentration for the nuclide in this sample.
No other gamma-emitting radionuclides were detected in these samples.
-------
TABLE A.11
Gamma Spectrometry Results for Sediment Core Samples
Thorium Decay Chain and Other Gamma Emitting Radionuclides
Sample ID
Core
Slice
(cm)
NAREL
ID
228Ra
224Ra
212Pb
Activity (pCi/g
212Bi
dry ± 2o counting
2081-pl
error)
7Be
"Co
137Cs
4»K
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB017-C
KBSB017-C
KBSB017-C
KBSB017-C
KBSB017-C
KBSB021-C
KBSB021-C
KBSB021-C
KBSB021-C
KBSB021-C
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-32
32-49
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-28
28-41
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-32
32-49
99.02679
99.02680
99.02681
99.02682
99.02683
99.02674
99.02675
99.02676
99.02677
99.02678
99.02706
99.02707
99.02708
99.02709
99.02710
0.65 ± 0.20
0.73 ±0.16
0.74 ±0.16
0.82 ±0.10
0.731 ±0.083
0.748 ± 0.086
0.573 ±0.057
0.1 76 ±0.037
0.238 ± 0.029
0.260 ±0.031
1.93 ±0.58
ND
0.72 ± 0.20
0.761 ±0.077
0.727 ±0.059
2.2 ±1.6
ND
ND
1.09 ±0.70
0.77 ± 0.49
0.60 ±0.47
0.46 ±0.30
ND
ND
0.22 ± 0.20
ND
ND
ND
0.56 ±0.58
0.35 ±0.34
0.86 ±0.16
0.97 ±0.11
0.95 ±0.13
0.955 ±0.083
0.840 ±0.067
0.813 ±0.065
0.599 ±0.048
0.188 ±0.028
0.262 ± 0.024
0.317 ±0.027
2. 81 ±0.42
0.30±0.13
0.93 ±0.13
0.856 ± 0.049
0.81 8 ±0.042
1.90 ±0.92
0.68 ±0.64
0.55 ±0.61
0.76 ± 0.42
0.75 ±0.26
0.74 ± 0.26
0.64 ±0.1 8
0.15±0.16
0.25 ±0.1 2
0.303 ±0.087
ND
0.90 ±0.67
0.88 ±0.57
0.78 ± 0.27
0.83 ±0.22
0.32±0.10
0.425 ± 0.067
0.277 ± 0.070
0.299 ± 0.042
0.266 ±0.031
0.262 ±0.031
0.212 ±0.024
0.079 ±0.016
0.086 ±0.012
0.102 ±0.012
1.02 ±0.24
0.084 ±0.091
0.286 ±0.077
0.297 ±0.031
0.267 ±0.026
ND
ND
1.81 ±0.55
0.80 ±0.25
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
5.2 ±2.7
ND
1.18±0.68
0.93 ±0.33
ND
<0.19
<0.15
<0.12
<0.05
<0.05
<0.04
<0.03
<0.02
<0.01
<0.02
<0.45
<0.13
<0.14
<0.05
<0.04
0.1 23 ±0.061
0.1 13 ±0.055
0.125 ±0.053
0.1 20 ±0.025
0.128 ±0.022
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.47 ±0.17
0.059 ±0.043
0.198 ±0.068
0.145 ±0.022
0.1 62 ±0.020
10.4± 1.4
8.4 ± 1.1
9.3 ±1.1
9.65 ±0.80
8. 39 ±0.65
2.86 ±0.37
2.1 8 ±0.27
1.89 ±0.23
2.38 ±0.20
2.48 ±0.21
33.4 ±3.6
3.5± 1.0
10.7± 1.1
9.70 ±0.49
9.98 ± 0.42
-------
TABLE \.\l-Continued
Sample ID
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
Core
Slice
(cm)
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-32
32-49
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-33
33-51
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-30
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-27
27-39
r*L
99.02711
99.02712
99.02713
99.02714
99.02715
99.02692
99.02693
99.02694
99.02695
99.02696
99.02688
99.02689
99.02690
99.02691
99.02697
99.02698
99.02699
99.02700
99.02701
228Ra
ND
0.75 ±0.18
0.59 ±0.24
0.776 ± 0.078
0.797 ±0.061
0.83 ±0.19
0.72 ±0.1 5
1.03 ±0.14
0.759 ±0.062
0.806 ±0.079
0.70 ± 0.22
0.61 ±0.21
0.62 ±0.17
0.857 ±0.085
0.75 ± 0.22
0.74 ± 0.25
0.52 ± 0.23
0.777 ±0.091
0.615 ±0.095
224Ra
ND
ND
ND
0.52 ±0.57
0.57 ±0.36
1.3 ± 1.4
0.83 ±0.96
ND
0.72 ±0.29
0.92 ± 0.46
ND
ND
ND
0.75 ±0.59
ND
1.4±1.9
1.1 ±1.6
ND
0.81 ±0.68
212Pb
1.08 ±0.20
0.81 ±0.13
0.92 ±0.1 5
0.867 ±0.054
0.848 ± 0.042
0.93 ±0.13
0.897 ±0.098
1.08±0.11
0.776 ±0.055
0.810 ±0.065
0.94 ±0.15
0.70 ±0.13
0.85 ±0.13
0.877 ±0.072
0.73 ±0.1 7
1.01 ±0.17
0.86 ±0.15
0.836 ±0.071
0.738 ± 0.064
Activity (pCi/g
212Bi
ND
1.03 ±0.70
1.74 ±0.82
0.88 ±0.27
0.90 ±0.24
0.92 ±0.75
0.71 ±0.43
0.69 ±0.53
0.77 ±0.1 8
0.80 ±0.26
ND
ND
0.92 ±0.65
0.72 ±0.26
ND
ND
1.23 ±0.69
0.69 ± 0.33
0.76 ±0.35
dry ± 2o counting
208-p]
0.27 ±0.15
0.316 ±0.080
0.25 ±0.10
0.279 ±0.030
0.283 ±0.026
0.268 ± 0.075
0.323 ± 0.058
0.317 ±0.053
0.249 ± 0.024
0.261 ± 0.032
0.318 ±0.093
0.246 ± 0.080
0.258 ±0.084
0.272 ± 0.033
0.265 ± 0.095
0.32 ±0.11
0.225 ± 0.087
0.304 ± 0.037
0.201 ± 0.039
error)
7Be
ND
1.10±0.77
1.77 ±0.92
0.42 ± 0.27
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2.01 ±0.90
0.74 ±0.65
1.14 ±0.69
ND
ND
60Co
<0.25
<0.14
<0.15
<0.05
<0.04
<0.11
<0.09
<0.11
<0.03
<0.04
<0.13
<0.12
<0.13
<0.05
<0.18
<0.14
<0.13
<0.06
<0.06
I37Cs
0.17±0.10
0.087 ±0.055
0.095 ± 0.062
0.1 55 ±0.024
0.147 ±0.019
0.052 ± 0.046
0.052 ± 0.034
0.1 18 ±0.043
0.071 ±0.013
0.100 ±0.020
ND
0.101 ±0.052
0.099 ± 0.052
0.084 ± 0.022
0.092 ± 0.060
0.125 ±0.057
0.1 17 ±0.060
0.149 ±0.032
0.138 ±0.031
40K
10.1 ±2.0
9.2 ±1.2
10.8± 1.3
9.46 ±0.48
10.40±
0.43
7.4 ±1.1
7.87 ±0.89
10.6 ±1.0
7.92 ±0.55
8.01 ±0.65
7.9 ± 1.2
8.6±1.2
9.4 ±1.3
8.69 ±0.68
9.7 ±1.5
9.3 ±1.4
8.9 ±1.3
9.57 ±0.77
9.66 ±0.64
-------
TABLE AAl-Continued
Sample ID
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 053-C
KBSB 053-C
KBSB 053-C
KBSB 053-C
Core
Slice
(cm)
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-30
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-31
NAREL
ID
99.02684
99.02685
99.02686
99.02687
99.02702
99.02703
99.02704
99.02705
Activity (pCi/g,^ ± 2o counting
2J8Ra
0.76 ±0.1 3
0.969 ±
0.095
0.89 ±0.11
0.741 ±
0.066
1.13±0.15
0.61 ±0.22
0.61 ±0.19
0.782 ±
0.057
2MRa
ND
0.89 ±0.53
0.67 ± 0.72
0.60 ± 0.44
ND
ND
1.1 ±1.4
0.35 ±0.37
212Pb
0.870 ±0.094
1.100 ±0.084
0.950 ± 0.090
0.809 ± 0.060
0.68 ±0.10
0.91 ±0.15
0.67 ±0.11
0.839 ± 0.039
212Bi
1.22 ±0.63
0.92 ± 0.32
0.82 ± 0.39
0.71 ± 0.22
0.82 ± 0.65
ND
0.86 ± 0.62
0.67 ± 0.22
2MT1
error)
'Be
*°Co
0.271 ±0.050 0.74 ±0.47 <0.11
0.346 ± 0.039
0.311 ±0.047
0.242 ± 0.025
0.224 ±0.062
0.236 ± 0.087
0.228 ± 0.075
0.271 ± 0.023
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
<0.06
<0.07
<0.04
<0.11
<0.14
<0.12
<0.05
U7Cs
0.076 ± 0.046
0.048 ± 0.022
0.071 ±0.036
0.019 ±0.015
0.1 29 ±0.047
0.221 ±0.056
0.142 ±0.049
0.1 97 ±0.022
,OK
9.43 ± 0.96
9.91 ±0.77
7.16 ±0.75
6.63 ± 0.50
8.25 ± 0.89
8.6±1.1
8.8 ±1.0
9.08 ±0.41
Note: ND indicates the radionuclide was not detected by gamma spectrometry.
"< X" indicates the radionuclide was not detected and X was the minimum detectable concentration for the nuclide in this sample.
No other gamma-emitting radionuclides were detected in these samples.
-------
TABLE A. 12
Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Results for
Sediment Core Samples
Sample ID
Core Slice
(cm)
NARELID
Activity
(pCi/gdrv ± 2a counting error)
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB 008-C
KBSB017-C
KBSB 017-C
KBSB 017-C
KBSB 017-C
KBSB 017-C
KBSB 021-C
KBSB 021-C
KBSB 021-C
KBSB 021-C
KBSB 021-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
KBSB 026-C
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-32
32-49
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-28
28-41
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-32
32-49
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-32
32-49
99.02679
99.02680
99.02681
99.02682
99.02683
99.02674
99.02675
99.02676
99.02677
99.02678
99.02706
99.02707
99.02708
99.02709
99.02710
99.02711
99.02712
99.02713
99.02714
99.02715
7.1 ±3.5
4.7 ±2.9
4.6 ±3.0
6.6 ±3.7
7.0 ±3.7
6.5 ±3.4
3.8 ±2.8
2.7 ±2.8
0.0 ±2.0
1.2±1.9
6.6 ±3.5
9.7 ±4.0
6.0 ±3.3
12.6 ±4.5
8.7 ±3.7
4.5 ±3.2
9.8 ±4.1
9.6 ±4.0
5.7 ±3.2
11.8±4.4
16.4 ±3.6
15.7 ±3.4
15.6±3.6
15.0 ±3.6
17.7 ±3.6
12.6 ±3.4
7.0 ±2.9
4.3 ±2.8
5.8 ±2.8
5.8 ±2.8
17.1 ±3.7
17.3 ±3.7
17.3 ±3.6
16.9 ±3.7
16.0 ±3.5
14.6 ±3.5
17.0 ±3.7
17.8 ±3.7
17.7 ±3.6
15.2 ±3.7
48
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TABLE A.12 - Continued
Sample ID
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 035-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 036-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 037-C
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 039-C
KBSB 053-C
KBSB 053-C
KBSB 053-C
KBSB 053-C
Core Slice
(cm)
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-33
33-51
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-30
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-27
27-39
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-30
00-05
05-10
10-15
15-31
NARELID
99.02692
99.02693
99.02694
99.02695
99.02696
99.02688
99.02689
99.02690
99.02691
99.02697
99.02698
99.02699
99.02700
99.02701
99.02684
99.02685
99.02686
99.02687
99.02702
99.02703
99.02704
99.02705
(pCi/gdrv±
Gross Alpha
6.2 ±3. 5
7.4 ±3.4
6.4 ±3.2
4.8 ±2.9
4.8 ±3.0
5.3 ±3.2
4.7 ±3.4
5.3 ±3.9
5.5 ±3.2
5.6 ±3.3
8.4 ±3. 8
5.8 ±3.2
4.5 ±3.3
10.4 ±4.2
6.5 ±3.5
11.9 ±4.4
6.1 ±3.3
8.6 ±3.8
7.0 ±3.5
10.5 ±4.1
5.3 ±3.3
7.2 ±3.8
Activity
2o counting error)
Gross Beta
11.9±3.3
14.1 ±3.4
14.6 ±3.5
12.4 ±3.4
14.9 ±3.5
13.2 ±3.4
16.5 ±4.9
12.9 ±4.4
16.5 ±3.6
17.2 ±3.8
18.5 ±3.7
18.2 ±3.7
14.3 ±3.5
19.5 ±3.8
18.7 ±4.0
24.3 ±4.1
14.0 ±3.3
17.7 ±3.7
16.9 ±3.7
14.8 ±3.5
14.0 ±3.5
19.2 ±4.0
49
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TABLE A.13
Gamma Spectrometry Results for Biota Samples
Sample ID
NAREL
ID
Activity (pCi/gwe, ± 2o counting error)
226Ra 214Pb
2HBj
228Ra
212Pb
212Bi
208T1
7Be
•"Co
137Cs
40K
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB012-BO
KBSB019-BMG
KBSB 020-BO
KBSB 023-BO
KBSB 025-BO
KBSB 031 -BO
KBSB 040-BMG
KBSB 046-BMG
KBSB 048-BMG
KBSB 054-BMG
99.02558
99.02620
99.02561
99.02617
99.02559
99.02560
99.02619
99.02583
99.02582
99.02618
Xlr. 0.0299 ±
ND 0.0051
ND ND
0.059 ± 0.02 13 ±
0.064 0.0049
ND ND
0.067 ± 0.0287 ±
0.074 0.0051
0.0226 ±
0.0049
0.0263 ±
0.0078
ND ND
ND ND
0.0223 ±
NU 0.0065
0.0309 ±
0.0043
ND
0.0214 ±
0.0046
ND
0.0295 ±
0.0047
0.0237 ±
0.0045
0.0260 ±
0.0068
ND
ND
0.01 90 ±
0.0058
0.0681 ±
0.0070
ND
0.0566 ±
0.0067
ND
0.0638 ±
0.0071
0.0623 ±
0.0071
0.0349 ±
0.0090
ND
ND
ND
0.031 1±
0.0057
ND
0.0279 ±
0.0058
ND
0.0290 ±
0.0057
0.0362 ±
0.0061
0.0310 ±
0.0087
ND
ND
0.0255 ±
0.0072
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.040 ±
0.025
0.035 ±
0.025
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.0101 ±
0.0022
0.0024 ±
0.0030
0.0084 ±
0.0024
ND
0.0092 ±
0.0024
0.01 18 ±
0.0024
0.0112 ±
0.0037
ND
0.0032 ±
0.0031
0.0056 ±
0.0031
0.069 ±
0.017
0.519 ±
0.046
0.039 ±
0.017
0.700 ±
0.049
0.056 ±
0.018
0.042 ±
0.018
0.647 ±
0.055
0.125 ±
0.025
0.142 ±
0.026
0.213 ±
0.029
0.004
0.007
0.004
0.005
0.004
0.004
0.008
0.006
0.007
0.007
0.0028 ±
0.0017
ND
0.0028 ±
0.0018
ND
0.0025 ±
0.0019
0.0027 ±
0.0020
0.01 09 ±
0.0036
ND
ND
ND
0.511 ±
0.042
3.32 ±0.21
0.445 ±
0.040
2.68 ±0.17
0.434 ±
0.040
0.483 ±
0.042
3.95 ±0.25
3.41 ±0.21
3.82 ±0.24
3.09 ±0.20
BACKGROUND SAMPLES
KBSB 056-BMG-
BK
KBSB 56-BMG-
BK-DU
99.02621
99.02584
0.0176 ±
NU 0.0069
ND °-0162±
NU 0.0069
0.0205 ±
0.0064
0.0179 ±
0.0060
ND
ND
0.0140 ±
0.0076
0.01 90 ±
0.0083
ND
ND
0.0057 ±
0.0033
0.0040 ±
0.0032
0.230 ±
0.035
0.208 ±
0.031
0.007
0.006
ND
0.0043 ±
0.0030
3.33 ±0.21
3.64 ±0.23
Note: ND indicates the radionuclide was not detected by gamma spectrometry.
"< X" indicates the radionuclide was not detected and X was the minimum detectable concentration for the nuclide in this sample.
No other gamma-emitting radionuclides were detected in these samples.
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TABLE A.14
Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity Results for Biota Samples
Sample ID
NARELID
Activity
(pCi/gwet ± 2O counting error)
Gross Alpha
Gross Beta
STUDY SAMPLES
KBSB 012-BO
KBSB019-BMG
KBSB 020-BO
KBSB 023-B?
KBSB 025-BO
KBSB 031 -BO
KBSB 040-BMG
KBSB 046-BMG
KBSB 048-BMG
KBSB 054-BMG
99.02558
99.02620
99.02561
99.02617
99.02559
99.02560
99.02619
99.02583
99.02582
99.02618
0.7 ±2.0
0.085 ± 0.082
0.1 ±1.1
0.029 ±0.088
0.9 ±1.3
0.7 ± 1.2
0.41 ±0.20
0.061 ±0.091
0.032 ±0.071
0.069 ± 0.093
0.7 ± 1.6
3.23 ±0.25
3. 7 ±2.0
2.83 ±0.25
0.2 ±1.6
0.2 ± 1.6
4.15 ±0.37
4.17±0.32
3. 88 ±0.28
3. 56 ±0.30
BACKGROUND SAMPLES
KBSB 056-BMG-BK
KBSB 056-BMG-BK-DU
99.02621
99.02584
0.26 ±0.17
0.17 ±0.14
4.30 ±0.36
4.30 ±0.35
51
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