United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
National Air and Radiation
Environmental Laboratory
540 South Morris Avenue
Montgomery, AL 36115-2601
EPA-402-R-97-002
February 1997
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
&EPA
Environmental
Radiation Data
Report 79
July - September 1994
Recycled/Recyclable • Printed with Vegetable Based Inks on Recycled Paper (20% Postconsumer)
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ENVIRONMENTAL
RADIATION
DATA
REPORT 79
July-September 1994
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
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Preface
Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is compiled and distributed quarterly by the Of-
fice of Radiation and Indoor Air's National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory
(NAREL) in Montgomery, Alabama, and contains data from the Environmental Radiation
Ambient Monitoring System (ERAMS). Data from similar networks operated by contribut-
ing States, Canada, Mexico, and the Pan American Health Organization are reported in the
ERD when available.
ERAMS was established in 1973 by the United States Environmental Protection Agency.
It is comprised of a nationwide network of sampling stations that provide air, surface and
drinking water, and milk samples from which environmental radiation levels are derived.
The major emphasis for ERAMS is upon identifying trends in the accumulation of long-
lived radionuclides in the environment.
Sampling locations are selected to provide optimal population coverage while functioning
to monitor fallout from nuclear devices and other forms of radioactive contamination of the
environment. The radiation analyses performed on these samples include gross alpha and
gross beta levels, gamma analyses for fission products, and specific analyses for uranium,
plutonium, strontium, iodine, radium, and tritium. This monitoring effort also provides
ancillary information on natural background levels and on routine and accidental releases
into the environment from stationary sources.
The radiochemical procedures used by NAREL to analyze the ERAMS samples are con-
tained in the Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility Radiochemistry Procedures Manual
(EPA 520/5-84-006). Station operation and sample collection are in accordance with pro-
cedures contained in the ERAMS Manual (EPA 520/5-84-007, 008, 009).
111
-------
Contents
Page
Data Reporting Rationale **
ERAMS Data 1
1. Air Program 1
• Airborne Participates and Precipitation 1
• Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates and Precipitation 14
2. Water Program 15
• Surface Water 15
• Drinking Water 18
3. Milk Program 21
• Pasteurized Milk 21
-------
Tables
Table Page
1 ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable Levels xi
for Radionuclide Analyses
2 Gross Beta in Airborne Participates: July 1994 2
3 Gross Beta in Airborne Participates: August 1994 4
4 Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates: September 1994 6
5 Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation: July 1994 8
6 Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation: August 1994 10
7 Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation: September 1994 11
8 Tritium in Precipitation: July-September 1994 13
9 Tritium in Surface Water: July-September 1994 16
10 Tritium in Drinking Water: July-September 1994 19
11 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk: July 1994 22
12 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk: August 1994 24
13 Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk: September 1994 26
14 Strontium-90 in Pasteurized Milk: July 1994 28
via
-------
Data Reporting Rationale
Frequently, there is little or no radioactivity in environmental media. Thus, the results
of laboratory analyses should show a distribution of negative and positive numbers about
zero. A negative value occurs when a previously determined background value is subtracted
from a sample value that is less than that of the background. From July 1975 to March
1991, ERAMS data were reported as calculated, whether the results were negative, zero, or
positive. Since April 1991, negative results have been denoted as "not detectable," or "ND."
For gamma analyses only, results less than the la counting error are also denoted as "not
detectable."
All data are stored in the NAREL sample database as generated, and these values are
available for statistical evaluation. However, caution should be exercised in the use of the
data in this report for statistical analysis, since the removal of negative numbers produces a
positive bias in the distribution of results.
Reported Error Terms
Each reported value for specific analyses will be accompanied by a counting error term
at the 2
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Table 1
ERAMS Reporting Increments and Minimum Detectable
Concentrations for Radionuclide Analyses
Radionuclide
Gioss Alpha
f Gioss Beta
Tritium
ft Plutonium-238,239/240
J Uranium-234,235,238
Radium-226
Strontium-90
tt Iodine-131
Cesium-137
tJ Barium- 140
Potassium
Potassium-40
Media
Water
Air
Water
Precipitation
Reporting
Units
pCi/L
pCi/m3
pCi/L
nCi/m2
Reporting
Increments
1 pCi/L
0.01 pCi/m3
1 pCi/L
0.01 nCi/ma
Minimum
Detectable
Concentrations
2 pCi/L
0.0015 pCi/m3
2 pCi/L
0.005 nCi/m2
(specific radiochemical analyses)
Water
Milk
Air
Water
Air
Water
Water
Milk
Water
Milk (gamma)
Water (gamma)
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Milk
Water
Water
nCi/L
nCi/L
aCi/m3
pCi/L
aCi/m3
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
pCi/L
g/L
g/L
pCi/L
0.1 nCi/L
0.1 nCi/L
0.1 aCi/m3
0.001 pCi/L
0.1 aCi/m3
0.001 pCi/L
0.1 pCi/L
0.1 PCi/L
0.1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
0.1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
0.1 g/L
0.1 g/L
1 pCi/L
0.15 nCi/L
0.15 nCi/L
1.5 aCi/m3
0.1 pCi/L
1.5 aCi/m3
0.1 pCi/L
0.02 pCi/L
2 pCi/L
1 pCi/L
4 pCi/L
4 pCi/L
0.3 pCi/L
5 pCi/L
5 pCi/L
15 pCi/L
15 pCi/L
0.06 g/L
0.06 g/L
50 pCi/L
f The MDC for precipitation is based on the assumption of 1 cm of precipitation.
f f The MDC for air is based on an assumed total sample volume of 60,000 m . Measurement by alpha spectroscopy includes
contributions of plutonium-239 and plutonium-240.
o
J The MDC for air is based on an assumed total sample volume of 60,000 m .
it Activity as of the day of counting.
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1. Air Program
Airborne Participates and Precipitation
Gross beta radioactivity measurements and certain specific analyses are performed on
air particulates and precipitation samples as indicator measurements in assessing the general
(national) impact of all contributing sources on environmental levels of radiation.
Airborne particulates are collected continuously at field stations representing wide ge-
ographic coverage, including present and potential sources of environmental radioactivity.
Sampling sites are located throughout the United States.
Filters (10-cm diameter synthetic fiber) from air samplers are changed twice weekly
and field measurements are made with a G-M survey meterf at 5 hours and 29 hours after
collection to allow for radon and thoron daughter product decay. Field estimates are reported
to appropriate EPA officials by telephone or mail depending on the activity levels found.
The filters are sent to NAREL for more sensitive analyses in a low background beta
counter. Gamma scans are performed on all filters showing gross beta counts greater than
IpCi/m3. The laboratory obtained values are usually lower than the field estimates due to
the decay of naturally occurring radionuclides between the times of the two measurements.
Precipitation samples are collected at those field stations collecting air filters. These
samples are also sent to NAREL where they are composited monthly for gamma scans,
tritium, and gross beta activity measurements. A composite of the March, April, and May
precipitation samples is analyzed for plutonium-238, -239, -240, and uranium-234, -235, and
-238.
A compilation of individual measurements is available from the National Air and Radi-
ation Environmental Laboratory, 540 South Morris Avenue, Montgomery, AL 36115-2601.
Tables 2-4 contain the data from airborne participate samples for July-September 1994.
Tables 5-7 contain the data from precipitation samples for July-September 1994. Table 8
contains the data from tritium in precipitation samples for July-September 1994 at the
selected sites.
The counts at five hours for the Montgomery, Alabama, station are performed on a low background beta counter.
1
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Table 2
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
July 1994
Location
AK : Juneau
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO .-Denver
CT: Hartford
DE: Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL: Miami
HI: Bono lulu
IA:Iova City
ID:Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL : Chicago
IN : Indianapolis
KS:Topeka
KY: Frankfort
MA : Lawrence
ME: Augusta
MI: Lansing
MB: Minneapolis
MO: Jefferson City
MS: Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NH : Concord
NJ: Trenton
KM: Santa Fe
NV:Las Vegas
NT: Albany
NT: Niagara Falls
NT: Syracuse
NT:Taphank
OH : Columbus
Number
of
Samples
8
8
8
3
9
9
8
9
9
8
9
7
8
9
8
4
9
7
1
2
8
8
4
9
7
7
4
7
9
8
8
8
4
9
2
9
3
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.4 0.0 0.2
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.5 0.2 0.4
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.0 0.1
1.0 0.3 0.6
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.1 0.2
1.0 0.1 0.5
0.6 0.3 0.4
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.4 0.2 0.3
2.1 0.6 1.4
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.5 0.1 0.2
0.3 0.1 0.2
1.1 0.2 0.6
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
1.1 0.3 0.5
0.2 0.0 0.1
2.0 0.2 0.7
0.4 0.1 0.3
0.2 0.1 0.2
0.2 0.1 0.2
5.4 0.1 1.5
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.2 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1 0.1
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
-------
Table 2 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
July 1994
Location
OH:Painesville
OH: Ross
OH: Toledo
OR : Portland
PA:Harrisburg
Pi: Pittsburgh
SC:Barnvell
SC : Columbia
SD: Pierre
TH:Knoxville
TN: Nashville
TX: Austin
TI:E1 Paso
DT:Salt Lake City
VA:Lynchburg
VA: Virginia Beach
WA:01ympia
WA : Spokane
HI: Madison
lumber
of
Samples
9
8
8
9
9
9
3
8
8
9
7
9
8
7
7
1
9
9
9
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Kin Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.5 0.1 0.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.4 0.1 0.3
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.6 0.2 0.4
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.1 0.2
0.2 0.1 0.2
0.9 0.2 0.5
0.3 0.0 0.2
0.9 0.3 0.5
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.6 0.1 0.3
0.3 0.1 0.2
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
Minimum Detectable Concentration for field estimates - 0.1 pCi/m .
-------
Table 3
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
August 1994
Location
AK: Fairbanks
AK : Juneau
AL: Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO: Denver
CT: Hartford
DE : Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL: Miami
HI: Bono lulu
IA:Iowa City
ID:Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL : Chicago
IN : Indianapolis
KS : Topeka
KT: Frankfort
MA : Lawrence
ME: Augusta
MI: Lansing
MN: Minneapolis
MO: Jefferson City
MS : Jackson
KC : Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NH : Concord
NJ: Trent on
NM: Santa Fe
NV:Las Vegas
NT: Albany
NT: Niagara Falls
NT: Syracuse
NT:Taphank
Number
of
Samples
3
8
8
9
5
9
9
9
1
9
9
9
7
9
9
9
7
9
8
3
1
8
9
4
9
9
7
3
7
9
9
8
9
B
9
4
9
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
1.0 0.0 0.3
0.8 0.2 0.4
0.5 0.3 0.4
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.3 0.0 0.2
0.9 0.4 0.6
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.1 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.1 0.1
1.2 0.2 0.6
1.3 0.2 0.6
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.8 0.0 0.3
0.4 0.3 0.3
3.2 0.8 1.8
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.6 0.0 0.2
0.2 0.1 0.1
1.6 0.3 0.7
0.6 0.2 0.3
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
2.4 0.2 1.1
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.9 0.2 0.4
0.5 0.0 0.3
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1 0.1
4.8 0.1 2.1
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.2 0.0 0.1
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.00 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
-------
Table 3 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Participates
August 1994
Location
OH : Columbus
OH:Painesville
OH:Ross
OH: Toledo
OR: Port land
PA:Harrisburg
PA Pittsburgh
SC:Barnwell
SC : Columbia
SD: Pierre
TN:Knoxville
TH: Nashville
TX: Austin
TX:E1 Paso
UT:Salt Lake City
VA : Lynchburg
VA: Virginia Beach
WA:01ympia
WA : Spokane
WI: Madison
Number
oi
Samples
3
9
8
9
9
9
9
2
8
4
8
7
9
9
8
9
3
8
9
9
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.4 0.1 0.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.1 0.3
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.6 0.1 0.3
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.0 0.2
0.8 0.2 0.5
0.0 0.0 0.0
1.1 0.0 0.4
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.8 0.3 0.6
0.4 0.0 0.2
1.4 0.1 0.6
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.6 0.2 0.3
0.4 0.1 0.2
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.04 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.05 0.02 0.03
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
Minimum Detectable Concentration for field estimates - 0.1 pCi/m .
-------
Table 4
Gross Beta in Airborne Particulates
September 1994
Location
AK: Fairbanks
AK : Juneau
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ: Phoenix
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO: Denver
DE: Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL: Miami
HI : Honolulu
IA:Iowa City
ID: Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL : Chicago
IN : Indianapolis
KS:Topeka
KY: Frankfort
ME: Augusta
MI: Lansing
MH : Minneapolis
MO: Jefferson City
MS: Jackson
NC : Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ID: Bismarck
NH : Concord
HJ:Trenton
NM: Santa Fe
IV: Las Vegas
NT: Albany
NT: Niagara Falls
NT: Syracuse
NT:Taphank
OH : Columbus
OH:Painesville
Number
of
Samples
9
7
9
9
4
9
9
9
9
8
9
8
9
9
9
5
9
9
4
9
9
5
8
9
9
3
8
9
9
7
9
4
9
4
9
5
9
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Hin Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
1.0 0.1 0.4
0.8 0.2 0.5
1.0 0.5 0.7
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.4 0.1 0.2
1.3 0.3 0.6
0.5 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.1 0.2
1.1 0.1 0.5
1.8 0.2 1.0
0.0 0.0 0.0
1.0 0.1 0.4
1.3 0.2 0.6
2.9 0.2 1.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.3 0.0 0.2
0.4 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.9 0.3 0.5
0.6 0.2 0.4
0.2 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0
1.3 0.2 0.7
0.3 0.1 0.1
1.5 0.3 0.7
0.7 0.1 0.3
0.3 0.1 0.2
0.1 0.0 0.1
0.4 0.0 0.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.3 0.0 0.1
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.5 0.1 0.3
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.00 0.00 0.00
0.03 0.00 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.04 0.01 0.02
0.04 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.04 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.01
-------
Table 4 (continued)
Gross Beta in Airborne Participates
September 1994
Location
OH: Ross
OH: Toledo
OR: Port land
PA:Harrisburg
PA: Pittsburgh
SC:Barnvell
SC : Columbia
SD: Pierre
TI:Knoxville
TI:Hashville
TX: Austin
TI:K1 Paso
UT:Salt Lake City
VA : Lynchburg
VA: Virginia Beach
WA:01ympia
WA: Spokane
HI: Madison
Number
of
Samples
9
9
8
9
9
2
9
6
6
9
9
9
8
9
2
9
9
9
5-Hour Field
Estimate
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.1 0.3
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.8 0.1 0.4
0.2 0.1 0.2
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.5 0.1 0.3
1.1 0.4 0.6
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.6 0.1 0.3
0.2 0.1 0.1
1.4 0.2 0.6
0.3 0.1 0.2
1.4 0.3 0.7
0.0 0.0 0.0
0.2 0.1 0.1
0.5 0.2 0.4
1.0 0.1 0.4
NAREL Lab
Measurement
Max Min Avg
(pCi/m3)
0.04 0.01 0.02
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.03 0.02 0.03
0.04 0.01 0.02
0.01 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.02 0.01 0.02
0.02 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.01 0.01
0.01 0.00 0.00
0.02 0.00 0.01
0.04 0.00 0.01
Minimum Detectable Concentration for field estimates - 0.1 pCi/m .
-------
Table 5
Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation
July 1994
Location
AK > Juneau
AL: Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ: Phoenix
CT: Hartford
DE: Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL: Miami
ID: Idaho Falls
ID: Idaho Falli
ID: Idaho Falli
IL : Chicago
ME:Auguita
MI:Laniing
Mi : Minneapolis
MO: Jefferson City
MS : Jackson
1C : Charlotte
1C: Wilmington
ID: Bismarck
IE: Concord
IJ: Trent on
IV: Las Vegas
IT: Albany
IT:Iiagara Falls
NT : Syracuse
IT:Taphank
OH:Painesville
OH: Toledo
Depth
(mm)
32.0
117.4
81.0
8.4
40,0
161.0
183.0
97.2
8.0
3.2
8.0
69.6
63.0
80.0
83.0
86.0
42.0
136.0
11.4
54.8
112.8
156.6
6.0
64.6
39.0
16.0
16.0
96.4
24.0
Gross Beta
Activity
nCi/m2 ±2
-------
Table 5 (continued)
Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation
July 1994
Location
PA:Harrisburg
SC : Barnwell
SC : Columbia
TI:Knoxville
TI:Iashville
VA : Lynchburg
WA:01ympia
HI: Madison
Depth
(nun)
98.0
213.4
76.6
113.0
136.6
85.8
3.0
111.2
Gross Beta
Activity
nCi/m2 ±2
-------
Table 6
Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation
August 1994
Location
AK : June an.
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ: Phoenix
CO: Denver
DE: Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL: Miami
IA:Iowa City
IL : Chicago
ME : Augusta
MI: Lansing
MN: Minneapolis
MO: Jefferson City
MS : Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
NH: Concord
N J : Trenton
NT: Albany
NY: Niagara Falls
NT: Syracuse
NY:Yaphank
OH:Painesville
OH: Toledo
PA:Harrisburg
SC:Barnwell
SC : Columbia
TN:Knoxville
TN: Nashville
TX: Austin
UT:Salt Lake City
VA:Lynchburg
WA:01ympia
WI: Madison
Depth
(mm)
24.0
82.4
61.0
5.4
12.4
189.0
99.6
158.6
57.2
89.6
61.0
124.6
84.0
82.0
42.0
107.8
86.0
68.8
149.8
106.6
59.0
32.0
48.0
127.6
58.0
122.0
97.0
118.0
95.0
67.2
70.0
6.0
114.4
14.4
100.0
Gross Beta
Activity
nCi/m2 ±2
-------
Table 7
Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation
September 1994
Location
AK : Juneau
AL: Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ: Phoenix
DE: Wilmington
FL : Jacksonville
FL: Miami
IA:Iowa City
ID: Idaho Falls
IL : Chicago
ME: August a
MI: Lansing
MN: Minneapolis
MO: Jefferson City
MS: Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NC: Wilmington
ND: Bismarck
NH : Concord
HJ: Trent on
NM: Santa Fe
NT: Las Vegas
NT: Albany
NT: Niagara Falls
NT: Syracuse
NT:Taphank
OH : Painesville
OH : Toledo
PA:Harrisburg
SC:Barnwell
SC : Columbia
TN:Knozville
TN: Nashville
TX: Austin
VA:Lynchburg
Depth
(mm)
32.0
71.0
64.0
12.0
53.0
265.4
199.8
68.2
25.6
39.6
71.0
62.8
80.6
49.0
84.0
50.4
90.0
17.6
128.2
33.2
35.0
6.0
78.2
83.0
24.0
24.0
23.4
1S.O
59.6
79.0
86.4
61.0
90.0
80.0
81.0
Gross Beta
Activity
nCi/m2 ±2
-------
Table 7 (continued)
Gross Beta and Specific Gamma in Precipitation
September 1994
Location
WArOlympia
WI: Madison
Depth
(mm)
39.0
111.2
Gross Beta
Activity
nCi/m2 ±2
-------
Table 8
Tritium in Precipitation
July-September 1994
Location
AK : Juneau
AL: Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CO: Denver
CT: Hartford
DE: Wilmington
FL: Jacksonville
FL: Miami
IA:Iowa City
ID: Idaho Falls
IL : Chicago
ME : Augusta
MI : Lans ing
MN: Minneapolis
MO: Jefferson City
MS : Jackson
1C: Charlotte
1C: Wilmington
ID: Bismarck
IE : Concord
•J:Trenton
IN: Santa Fe
IT: Las Vegas
IT: Albany
IT:Iiagara Falls
IT : Syracuse
IY:Yaphank
OH:Painesville
OH: Toledo
PA:Harrisburg
SC:Barnwell
SC : Columbia
TI:Knozville
TI:Hashville
TX: Austin
OT : Salt Lake City
VA:Lynchburg
WA:01ympia
WI: Madison
July 1994
nCi/L ±2cr
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
NS
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.3
NS
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
HS
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
IS
IS
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
August 1994
nCi/L ±2
-------
Plutonium and Uranium in Airborne Particulates and Precipitation
Environmental radiation levels of plutonium and uranium are determined by the analysis
of semiannually composited samples (air filters) collected from the continuously operating
airborne participate samplers.
Concentrations of the specific isotopes of plutonium-238, -239, and -240 and uranium-
234, -235, and -238 are determined by alpha spectroscopy following chemical separation. The
volume of air represented by the semiannual composite ranges from 60,000 to 250,000 cubic
meters.
Plutonium and uranium results are published when they become available.
14
-------
2. Water Program
The ERAMS water program provides data on ambient radiation levels in the nation's
rivers, streams, and drinking water supplies.
Surface Water
Quarterly grab samples are taken downstream from operating or future nuclear facilities
at 58 stations. Surface water samples are analyzed for tritium quarterly and specific gamma
activity annually. Tritium is a primary radioactive pollutant from nuclear power plants and
weapons production activities. Tritium concentrations are determined by liquid scintillation
counting of distilled samples. Gamma scans are performed annually to determine levels of
gamma emitting radionuclides.
Table 9 contains the tritium concentration data for July-September 1994.
15
-------
Table 9
Tritium in Surface Water
July-September 1994
Location
AL:Decatur
AL : Gordon
AL:Scottsboro
AR: Little Rock
CA:Clay Station
CA: Diablo Canyon
CA: Diablo Canyon
CA : Eureka
CA:San Onofre
CO:Platteville
CTzEast Haddam
CT:Waterford
FL: Crystal River
FL:Ft. Pierce
FL: Homestead
IA: Cedar Rapids
IL:E. Holine
IL: Morris
IL:Zion
KS:Le Roy
LA: Hew Orleans
MA: Plymouth
MD : Conowingo
MD:Lusby
ME:Wiscasset
Ml:Bridgman
MI : Charlevoix
Ml : Monroe
MI: South Haven
MH:Monticello
MN:Red Wing
MS: Port Gibson
HC: Charlotte
FC : Southport
HE:Rulo
IJ:Bayside
NJ: Oyster Creek
Source
Tennessee River
Chattahoochee River
Tennessee River
Arkansas River
Folsom S. Canal
Pacific Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Humboldt Bay
Pacific Ocean
South Platte River
Connecticut River
Long Island Sound
Gulf Of Mexico
Atlantic Ocean
Biscayne Bay
Cedar River
Mississippi River
Illinois River
Lake Michigan
Neosho River
Mississippi River
Cape Cod Bay
Susquehanna River
Chesapeake Bay
Montseway Bay
Lake Michigan
Lake Michigan
Lake Erie
Lake Michigan
Mississippi River
Mississippi River
Mississippi River
Catawba River
Atlantic Ocean
Missouri River
Delaware River
Oyster Creek
Date
Collected
07/12/94
07/18/94
07/12/94
07/05/94
07/12/94
07/05/94
09/29/94
07/07/94
08/17/94
07/13/94
07/20/94
07/20/94
07/06/94
08/18/94
07/21/94
09/20/94
07/07/94
07/24/94
08/15/94
09/27/94
07/06/94
08/10/94
07/19/94
07/19/94
07/12/94
07/26/94
07/14/94
07/18/94
07/27/94
07/13/94
08/12/94
07/19/94
07/21/94
07/07/94
07/25/94
07/12/94
07/13/94
SH
nCi/L ±2ff
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.3
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.4 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.1
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.3 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.1
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
16
-------
Table 9 (continued)
Tritium in Surface Water
July-September 1994
Location
NV: Boulder City
NT: Chelsea
NY : Croton-On-Hudson
OH: Toledo
OR:Bradwood
PA: Danville
PA: Danville
PA Philadelphia
PA: Philadelphia
SC : Allendale
SC: Broad River
SC:Hartsville
TN: Daisy
TN: Kingston
TN: Kingston
TX:E1 Paso
TX:Matagorda
VA:Doswell
VA: Newport News
VT : Vernon
WA:Northport
UA:Richland
WI:Two Creeks
WI: Victory
WV: Wheeling
Source
Colorado River
Hudson River
Hudson River
Lake Erie
Columbia River
Susquehanna River
Susquehanna River
Delaware River
Schuylkill R. -Queen
Savannah River
Broad River
Lake Robinson
Tennessee River
Clinch River
Clinch River
Rio Grande
Colorado River
North Anna River
James River
Connecticut River
Columbia River
Columbia River
Lake Michigan
Mississippi River
Ohio River
Date
Collected
08/03/94
07/06/94
08/11/94
07/06/94
07/20/94
07/20/94
09/20/94
09/20/94
09/20/94
07/31/94
07/14/94
07/18/94
08/08/94
07/12/94
08/02/94
08/18/94
07/11/94
07/07/94
07/20/94
07/12/94
09/07/94
07/11/94
07/12/94
07/11/94
07/05/94
3H
nCi/L ±2
-------
Drinking Water
This program monitors ambient radiation levels in drinking water at 78 sites. These data
serve to assess trends and anomalies in concentrations, and to compare with standards set
forth in the EPA "National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations." These regulations
provide for approval of supplies when the combined radium-226 and radium-228 levels do not
exceed 5 pCi/L, when the gross alpha (excluding radon and uranium) levels do not exceed
15 pCi/L, when tritium levels do not exceed 20,000 pCi/L, when the strontium-90 levels do
not exceed 8 pCi/L, and when the gross beta levels do not exceed 50 pCi/L.
Grab samples are taken at the 78 sites which are either major population centers or
selected nuclear facility environs.
The analyses include (a) tritium on a quarterly basis; (b) gross alpha, gross beta,
strontium-90, and gamma on annual composites; (c) radium-226 if the gross alpha exceeds
2 pCi/L and radium-228 if the radium-226 falls between 3 and 5 pCi/L; (d) specific iodine-
131 on one quarterly sample per year for each station; and (e) an annual composite for
plutonium-238, -239, and -240 and uranium-234, -235, and -238 for stations that demon-
strate gross alpha levels greater than 2 pCi/L.
Tritium analyses are performed by scintillation counting of the distilled samples. Gross
beta and alpha are determined by evaporating an aliquot on a stainless steel planchet for
counting. Radium-226 is determined by the standard emanation technique. Strontium-90 is
determined by beta counting a strontium carbonate precipitate isolated by ion exchange.
Table 10 contains the data from drinking water samples for July-September 1994.
18
-------
Table 10
Tritium in Drinking Water
July-September 1994
Location
AK: Fairbanks
AL:Dothan
AL : Montgomery
AL: Muscle Shoals
ALrScottsboro
AR: Little Rock
CA: Berkeley
CA:Los Angeles
CO: Denver
COrPlatteville
CT: Hartford
CT: Hartford
DC : Washington
DE: Dover
FL: Miami
FL: Tampa
GA:Baxley
HI: Honolulu
IA: Cedar Rapids
ID:Boise
ID:Boise
ID: Idaho Falls
IL: Morris
IL:W. Chicago
KS:Topeka
LA: New Orleans
MA: Lawrence
MD: Baltimore
MD : Conowingo
ME: August a
MI: Detroit
MI: Grand Rapids
MH: Minneapolis
MS: Red Wing
MO: Jefferson City
MO: Jefferson City
MS: Jackson
MS: Port Gibson
1C: Charlotte
1C: Wilmington
ID: Bismarck
Date
Collected
07/08/94
07/18/94
07/19/94
07/12/94
07/12/94
07/05/94
07/01/94
07/05/94
07/08/94
07/06/94
07/01/94
09/29/94
07/21/94
07/07/94
07/06/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
09/20/94
07/01/94
09/30/94
07/20/94
07/26/94
07/25/94
07/01/94
07/05/94
07/06/94
07/01/94
07/19/94
07/28/94
07/12/94
07/27/94
07/06/94
07/07/94
09/29/94
07/06/94
07/21/94
07/19/94
07/21/94
07/07/94
07/05/94
3H
nCi/L ±2(r
0.1 0.1
0.3 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.2 0.1
0.2 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.2
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
19
-------
Table 10 (continued)
Tritium in Drinking Water
July-September 1994
Location
NE: Lincoln
NH : Concord
NJ: Trenton
NJ:Uaretown
NV:Las Vegas
HY: Albany
NY: New York City
NY: Niagara Falls
OH: Cincinnati
OH : Columbus
OH: East Liverpool
OH:Painesville
OH : Toledo
OK: Oklahoma City
OR: Portland
PA : Columbia
PA:Harrisburg
PA: Philadelphia
PA : Philadelphia-Queen
PA : Philadelphia-Baxter
PA Pittsburgh
PC : Corozal
RI : Providence
RI: Providence
SC:Barnwell
SC: Columbia
SC : Jenkins ville
SC : Seneca
TN: Chattanooga
TN:Knoxville
TX: Austin
VA : Lynchburg
VA: Virginia Beach
WA:Richland
WA: Seattle
WA: Seattle
WI: Genoa City
WI: Madison
Date
Collected
07/27/94
09/29/94
07/11/94
07/13/94
07/18/94
07/06/94
07/13/94
07/06/94
09/30/94
09/21/94
07/01/94
07/14/94
07/06/94
07/07/94
07/06/94
07/21/94
07/21/94
09/20/94
09/20/94
09/20/94
07/01/94
07/07/94
09/29/94
07/01/94
07/14/94
07/07/94
07/15/94
07/12/94
07/22/94
07/01/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/30/94
07/05/94
07/01/94
09/29/94
07/11/94
07/06/94
3H
nCi/L ±2
-------
3. Milk Program
Pasteurized Milk
Milk is a reliable indicator of the general population's intake of radionuclides since it
is consumed fresh by a large segment of the population and can contain several of the
biologically important radionuclides that result from environmental releases from nuclear
activities. A primary function of this program is to obtain reliable monitoring data relative
to current radionuclide concentrations and determine any long-term trends.
Monthly samples are collected at 65 sampling sites with at least one located in each
state, Puerto Rico, and the Panama Canal Zone. The samples are composited, according
to production, from the major milk suppliers representing more than 80 percent of the milk
consumed in a given population center.
The samples are analyzed for gamma emitting nuclides, including iodine-131, barium-
140, cesium-137, and potassium. All samples collected in July are analyzed for strontium-90.
Also, for the first month of the three quarters beginning January, April, and October, 10
regional composite samples of milk made up from the states within each of EPA's 10 regions
are analyzed for strontium-90.
Iodine-131, barium-140, cesium-137, and potassium are determined by gamma spectral
analysis. Strontium-90 is determined by beta counting a total strontium precipitate that has
been chemically separated by ion exchange.
Tables 11-13 contain the concentrations of radionuclides in pasteurized milk for July-
September 1994. Table 14 contains the concentrations of strontium-90 in pasteurized milk
for July 1994.
21
-------
Tkble 11
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
July 1994
Location
AL : Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ: Phoenix
CA:Los Angeles
CA: Sacramento
CA:San Francisco
CO: Denver
DE: Wilmington
FL : Tampa
GA: Atlanta
HI: Honolulu
IA:Des Koines
IL : Chicago
IN: Indianapolis
KS: Wichita
KY: Louisville
LA: New Orleans
HA: Boston
MD: Baltimore
HE: Portland
HI: Detroit
HI: Grand Rapids
HN:St. Paul
HO: Kansas City
HS: Jackson
NC : Charlotte
ND : Hinot
NJ: Trent on
NH : Albuquerque
NV.-Las Vegas
NY: Buffalo
NY: Syracuse
OH: Cincinnati
OH : Cleveland
OR: Port land
PA: Philadelphia
PA Pittsburgh
Date
Collected
07/08/94
07/18/94
07/14/94
07/06/94
07/07/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/13/94
07/05/94
07/12/94
07/05/94
07/11/94
07/07/94
07/05/94
07/25/94
07/05/94
07/27/94
07/08/94
07/01/94
07/08/94
07/07/94
07/05/94
07/06/94
07/06/94
07/12/94
07/05/94
07/06/94
07/07/94
07/15/94
07/11/94
07/25/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/11/94
07/11/94
07/06/94
07/06/94
K
g/L ±2
-------
Table 11 (continued)
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
July 1994
Location
PC: Cristobal
PR: San Juan
SC : Charleston
SD: Rapid City
TH : Chattanooga
TN:Knoxville
TH: Memphis
TX: Austin
TX:Ft. Worth
VA: Norfolk
VT: Burlington
WA: Seattle
WA : Spokane
Date
Collected
07/18/94
07/08/94
07/08/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/11/94
07/12/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/01/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/12/94
K
g/L ±2
-------
Table 12
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
August 1994
Location
AL: Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CA:Los Angeles
CA: Sacramento
CA:San Francisco
CO : Denver
DE: Wilmington
FL : Tampa
GA: Atlanta
HI: Honolulu
IA:Oes Hoines
IL : Chicago
IN : Indianapolis
KS: Wichita
KY: Louisville
MA: Boston
MD: Baltimore
ME: Portland
MI: Detroit
MI: Grand Rapids
MN:St. Paul
MO: Kansas City
MS: Jackson
NC: Charlotte
NJ:Trenton
NM : Albuquerque
NV:Las Vegas
NY: Buffalo
NY: Syracuse
OH Cincinnati
OH : Cleveland
OR: Portland
PA: Philadelphia
PA Pittsburgh
PC: Cristobal
PR: San Juan
Date
Collected
08/10/94
08/03/94
08/19/94
08/08/94
08/02/94
08/02/94
08/05/94
08/11/94
08/02/94
08/03/94
08/08/94
08/08/94
08/04/94
08/08/94
08/23/94
08/09/94
08/09/94
08/05/94
08/03/94
08/03/94
08/08/94
08/03/94
08/29/94
08/03/94
08/10/94
08/10/94
08/24/94
08/08/94
08/09/94
08/01/94
08/23/94
08/10/94
08/01/94
08/11/94
08/08/94
08/15/94
08/04/94
K
g/L ±2
-------
Table 12 (continued)
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
August 1994
Location
SC: Charleston
SD: Rapid City
TN: Chattanooga
TN:Knoxville
TN: Memphis
TX:Ft. Worth
VA: Norfolk
VT: Burlington
VIA: Seattle
WA : Spokane
WV: Charleston
Date
Collected
08/11/94
08/08/94
08/08/94
08/11/94
08/01/94
08/24/94
08/30/94
08/17/94
08/08/94
08/15/94
08/08/94
K
g/L ±2
-------
Table 13
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
September 1994
Location
AL: Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
CA:Los Angeles
CA: Sacramento
CA:San Francisco
CO: Denver
DE: Wilmington
FL : Tampa
GA: Atlanta
HI: Honolulu
IA:Des Koines
XL : Chicago
IN : Indianapolis
KS: Wichita
KY: Louisville
MA: Bos ton
MD: Baltimore
ME: Portland
MI:Detroit
MI: Grand Rapids
MN:St. Paul
MO: Kansas City
MS: Jackson
NC: Charlotte
ND:Minot
NJ: Trenton
NM : Albuquerque
NV:Las Vegas
NY: Buffalo
NY: Syracuse
OH Cincinnati
OH: Cleveland
OK: Oklahoma City
OR .-Port land
PA Philadelphia
PA Pittsburgh
PC: Cristobal
Date
Collected
09/09/94
09/07/94
09/08/94
09/07/94
09/07/94
09/26/94
09/29/94
09/19/94
09/27/94
09/08/94
09/19/94
09/08/94
09/05/94
09/20/94
09/06/94
09/09/94
09/09/94
09/23/94
09/07/94
09/06/94
09/13/94
09/14/94
09/12/94
09/06/94
09/06/94
09/08/94
09/06/94
09/19/94
09/12/94
09/06/94
09/22/94
09/29/94
09/14/94
09/20/94
09/07/94
09/06/94
09/15/94
K
g/L ±2ar
1.67 0.09
1.58 0.09
1.72 0.09
1.57 0.08
1.63 0.06
1.85 0.10
1.53 0.09
1.63 0.08
1.56 0.08
1.70 0.14
1.54 0.08
1.54 0.11
1.62 0.09
1.73 0.08
1.58 0.08
1.53 0.08
1.64 0.08
1.53 0.14
1.69 0.08
1.58 0.11
1.66 0.09
1.61 0.08
1.64 0.09
1.64 0.11
1.43 0.08
1.54 0.09
1.57 0.07
1.62 0.09
1.66 0.09
1.64 0.08
1.62 0.08
1.62 0.10
1.25 0.11
1.75 0.14
1.58 0.09
1.51 0.09
1.55 0.08
137Cs
pCi/L ±2
-------
Table 13 (continued)
Radionuclides in Pasteurized Milk
September 1994
Location
PR: San Juan
SC : Charleston
SD: Rapid City
TN: Chattanooga
TN:Knoxville
TN: Memphis
TX: Austin
TX:Ft. Worth
VA: Norfolk
VT: Burlington
WA: Seattle
WA : Spokane
Date
Collected
09/08/94
09/09/94
09/07/94
09/07/94
09/06/94
09/12/94
09/06/94
09/19/94
09/30/94
09/08/94
09/06/94
09/19/94
K
g/L ±2(7
1.68 0.08
1.57 0.09
1.64 0.08
1.59 0.06
1.58 0.09
1.58 0.09
1.67 0.08
1.60 0.11
1.58 0.14
1.55 0.09
1.56 0.09
1.54 0.08
137Cs
pCi/L ±2(7
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
140Ba
pCi/L ±2<7
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
131 j
pCi/L ±2(7
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
Note: <7 = Counting Enoi. ND = Not Detectable.
27
-------
Table 14
Strontium-90 in Pasteurized Milk
July 1994
EPA
Location
AL: Montgomery
AR: Little Rock
AZ : Phoenix
CA:Los Angeles
CA: Sacramento
CA:San Francisco
DE: Wilmington
FL : Tampa
GA: Atlanta
HI: Honolulu
IA:Des Moines
IL : Chicago
IN : Indianapolis
KS: Wichita
KY: Louisville
LA: New Orleans
MA: Boston
MD: Baltimore
ME: Port land
MI:Detroit
MI: Grand Rapids
MN:St. Paul
MO: Kansas City
MS: Jackson
NC: Charlotte
ND:Minot
NJ:Trenton
NM : Albuquerque
NV:Las Vegas
NY: Buffalo
NY: Syracuse
OH: Cincinnati
OH: Cleveland
OR: Port land
PA Philadelphia
PA Pittsburgh
PC: Cristobal
Collection
Date
07/08/94
07/18/94
07/14/94
07/06/94
07/07/94
07/05/94
07/13/94
07/05/94
07/12/94
07/05/94
07/11/94
07/07/94
07/05/94
07/25/94
07/05/94
07/27/94
07/08/94
07/01/94
07/08/94
07/07/94
07/05/94
07/06/94
07/06/94
07/12/94
07/05/94
07/06/94
07/07/94
07/15/94
07/11/94
07/25/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/11/94
07/11/94
07/06/94
07/06/94
07/18/94
90Sr
pCi/L ±2
-------
Table 14 (continued)
Strontium-90 in Pasteurized Milk
July 1994
EPA
Location
PR: San Juan
SC: Charleston
SD: Rapid City
TN : Chattanooga
TN:Knoxville
TN: Memphis
TX: Austin
TX:Ft. Worth
VA: Norfolk
VT: Burlington
WA: Seattle
WA : Spokane
Collection
Date
07/08/94
07/08/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/11/94
07/12/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/01/94
07/05/94
07/05/94
07/12/94
90Sr
pCi/L ±2
-------
Environmental Radiation Data (ERD) is published quarterly (January, April, July, October) by the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Radiation and Indoor Air.
Requests for information concerning publication and distribution of ERD should be directed to:
Charles M. Petko
Office of the Director
National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory
540 South Morris Avenue
Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601
Requests for information concerning the operation of ERAMS should be directed to:
John G. Griggs, Chief
Monitoring and Analytical Services Branch
National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory
540 South Morris Avenue
Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601
or to:
William C. Conklin
Policy and Emergency Response Branch
Criteria and Standards Division (6602J)
USEPA Waterside Mall
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, DC 20460
***
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