United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
EPA
September 1999
EPA-402-R-99-
&EPA
Annual Water Sampling
and Analysis at the
Salmon Test Site Area,
Lamar County, Mississippi
April 1999
-------
Annual Water Sampling and Analysis
at the Salmon Test Site Area
Lamar County, Mississippi
April 1999
by
Max G. Davis
Radiation and Indoor Environments National Laboratory
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
P.O. Box 98517
Las Vegas, NV 89193-8517
prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy
under Interagency Agreement
DE-A108-96NV11969
RADIATION AND INDOOR ENVIRONMENTS NATIONAL LABORATORY
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
LAS VEGAS, NV 89193-8517
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NOTICE
The information in this document has been funded wholly or in part by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) through Interagency Agreement (IAG) DE-A108-
96NV11969 from the United States Department of Energy (DOE). It has been subjected to the
Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA
document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.
11
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ABSTRACT
In 1964 and 1966, nuclear explosives were detonated approximately 2,700 feet (823 m)
underground in the Salmon Test Site Area located in Lamar County, Mississippi. Drilling and
clean-up activities have resulted in tritium contamination in close proximity to the surface
ground zero. The Long-Term Hydrological Monitoring Program (LTHMP), directed by the EPA,
conducts annual water sampling on and around the Salmon Test Site Area and monitors
radiological sampling equipment on the site throughout the year.
In this report the 1999 annual water sampling at the Salmon Site is described, and the
analytical results of the collected samples are given. The highest tritium concentration onsite
was 2.53 x 104 pCi/L in water from one of the new wells added in 1997, see Appendix B, page
16. No radioactivity attributable to the test site was found in any offsite water sample. The
highest tritium concentration offsite was 11 ± 3.2 pCi/L at the Bill Ray Anderson residence.-
Tritium activities <800 -1,000 pCi/L were determined using a low-level enrichment method.
All samples, with the exception of HMH-1 through HMH-16 and the 15 new wells added
in 1998 (see Appendix B), were analyzed for presence of gamma-ray emitting radionuclides.
None were detected above the minimum detectable concentration (MDC).
in
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This page is left blank intentionally.
IV
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CONTENTS
Page
Notice ii
Abstract iii
Figures vi
Acronyms and Abbreviations vii
Acknowledgments viii
Introduction 1
History 1
Historical Monitoring Results 1
Sampling Collection :... 4
Sample Analysis 7
Water Analysis Results 10
Conclusions 11
References 12
Glossary of Terms 13
Appendices
A. Summary of Analytical Procedures 15
B. Tritium Results for Water Samples Collected in April, 1999 16
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FIGURES
Rgure Number Page
1 General site location of Project Salmon Test Site Area 2
2 Topographic map of the Salmon Test Site Area showing the Surface
Ground Zero and outline of Test Area at 2,700 feet below land surface 3
3 Test cavity and aquifers 4
4 Tritium concentration vs. Sampling year for HMH-1 (depth = 10 ft) 5
5 Tritium concentration vs. Sampling year for HMH-2 (depth = 10 ft) 5
6 Tritium concentration vs. Sampling year for HMH-5 (depth = 10 ft) 6
7 Tritium concentration vs. Sampling year for HM-S (depth = 30 ft) 6
8 Tritium concentration vs. Sampling year for HM-L (depth = 200 ft) 7
9 Locations on the Salmon Test Site Area sampled in 1999 :... 8
10 Offsite locations sampled in 1999 9
VI
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
DCG
DOE
EPA
g
HpGe
IAG
keV
kg
kt
L
LTHMP
m
MDC
MeV
min
mL
ORIA
pCi/L
PHS
R&ffi
SGZ
USGS
3H
3H+
HMH
HM-L, HM-L2
HM-S
HM-1
HM-2a
HM-2b
HM-3
HT-2c
HT-4
HT-5
REECo
SA Wells
Derived Concentration Guide
U.S. Department of Energy
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
gram
high purity germanium gamma detector
Interagency Agreement
kilo electron volts = thousand electron volts
kilogram, 1000 grams
kiloton (TNT equivalent)
liter
Long Term Hydrological Monitoring Program
meter
minimum detectable concentration
one million electron volts
minute
milliliter = one thousandth of a liter
Office of Radiation and Indoor Air
picocuries per liter = 10"12 curies per liter = 1/1,000,000,000,000 curies per
liter
U.S. Public Health Service
Radiation and Indoor Environments National Laboratory
surface ground zero
U.S. Geological Survey
Tritium
Enriched Tritium
Hydrological Monitoring Hole (1-16)
Hydrological Monitoring Well - Local Aquifer
Hydrological Monitoring Well - Surficial Aquifer
Hydrological Monitoring Well - Aquifer 1
Hydrological Monitoring Well - Aquifer 2a
Hydrological Monitoring Well - Aquifer 2b
Hydrological Monitoring Well - Aquifer 3
Hydrological Test Hole
Hydrological Test Hole
Hydrological Test Hole
Reynolds Electrical & Engineering Co
Source Area Wells
vn
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author would like to acknowledge Ken Giles, Dennis Farmer, Richard Flotard, Pat
Honsa, Rose Houston, and the staff of the Hydrological Monitoring Group, EPA, for their
dedication to quality and their tireless work in the execution of the sampling effort. The author
would also like to thank Terry Mouck for her outstanding support in preparing the graphics and
for providing the desktop publishing in the production of this report.
Vlll
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INTRODUCTION
Under an Interagency Agreement (IAG) with
the DOE, the EPA's Radiation and Indoor
Environments National Laboratory (R&IE)
located in Las Vegas, NV, conducts a
LTHMP to measure radioactivity concen-
trations in water sources near the sites of
underground nuclear explosions. The results
of the LTHMP provide assurance that
radioactive materials from the tests have not
migrated into drinking water supplies. This
report presents the results for samples col-
lected in April 1999, on and around the
Salmon Test Site Area, in Lamar County,
Mississippi.
History
Project Dribble, consisting of two nuclear
explosions, and Project Miracle Play,
consisting of two non-nuclear gas explosions,
were conducted in the Salmon Test Site Area,
near Baxterville, Lamar County, Mississippi,
between 1964 and 1970. The general area is
depicted in Figure 1. The Salmon Test Site
Area (Figure 2) contains approximately 1,470
acres located in Sections 11, 12, 13, and 14,
Township 2 North, Range 16 West.
Test Date Name
Type
Yield
(kt)
10-22-64 Salmon Nuclear 5.3
12-03-66 Sterling Nuclear 0.38
02-02-69 Diode Tube Gas 0.32
04-19-70 Humid Water Gas 0.32
These tests were part of the Vela Uniform
Program of the U.S. Atomic Energy
Commission (a predecessor agency of the
DOE). The purpose was to measure and
evaluate the phenomena of seismic waves that
are induced
from the explosions as compared to those that
occur naturally from earthquakes.
The first explosion, the Salmon Event, created
a cavity in the salt dome underlying the test
area. The top of the cavity is 1,160 feet (360
m) below the top of the salt dome which lies
1,500 feet (460 m) below the land surface
(Figure 3). The Salmon detonation cavity was
subsequently used to contain the next three
explosions.
Following each detonation, the surrounding
area was closely monitored by the U.S. Public
Health Service (PHS). Radiological
monitoring became the responsibility of the
EPA at its inception in 1970, and after the
second site cleanup operation in 1971-72, the
LTHMP was instituted. In this program, all
potable aquifers, several wells, public water
supplies, and some surface waters in the
vicinity of the Salmon Test Site are sampled
and analyzed to determine the presence of
tritium and other radioactive contaminants.
Historical Monitoring Results
The disposal of drilling mud and fluids near
the surface ground zero (SGZ) is possibly
responsible for tritium (3H) contamination of
the soil zone and underlying shallow aquifer.
These waters lie at depths of 4 to 10 feet (1.3
to 3 m) and 30 feet (9 m), respectively, and are
not potable. Tritium contamination is also
present in the potable water of the local
aquifer which lies at about 200 feet (62 m).
The observed 3H concentration in the local
aquifer is well below the 20,000 pCi/L
guideline specified in the National Primary
Drinking Water Regulations (40CFR141), and
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Prentoss
-^
Monticello
Bunker sumrall
Improve
Columbia
—'
Cheraw
Purvis
Talowah
Pinebur
Baxterville
MISSISSIPPI
LOUISIANA
McHenry
Major Highway
Test Site, SGZ
MLES
MIS:
LAMAR
COUNTY
LOCATION MAP
Figure 1 General site location of Project Salmon Test Site Area.
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Wells with significant tritium contamination
are found within this circle with a radius
of 1400 feet (430m)
SALMON TEST SITE AREA
BOUNDARY
T
CO
_o>
E
CM
I
0.
o.
cc
Half Moon
Creek
Overflow
Pond
To
Baxterville
300^ 250/ ^25°
approx. 11/2 miles
N
SCALE IN FEET
1000 2000 3000
•
•
500 1000
SCALE IN METERS
4000 5000
Figure 2 Topographic map of the Salmon Test Site Area showing the Surface Ground Zero and
outline of Test Area at 2,700 feet below land surface.
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CITRONELLE
AQUIFER
HALF MOON CREEK
ALLUVIAL AQUIFER
GROUND
SURFACE
LOCAL AQUIFER
yr?;;i:i::s::;:::;:::::::s::::!:.:.:.:>^i^;i;:i:;ii:;:;i;i;iji AQUIFER 2A
EM AQUIFER 2B
AQUIFER 3A
AQUIFER 38
AQUIFER 4
ANHYDRITE
PS-1
PS-1W
PS-2W
TEST CAVITY
SALT DOME*
FLUID LEVEL
HIGHLY
RADIOACTIVE
MATERIAL
RECRYSTALLIZED
MELT PUDDLE
*The test cavity contains fission and activation products from the detonations plus
10,770 cubic yards of radioactive, contaminated soils and 1,305,000 gallons of
contaminated fluids and water from surface cleanup.
SANDSTONE
Figure 3 Test cavity and aquifers.
is thought to be due to drilling activities at the
site (Fenske and Humphrey, 1980;. Fordham
and Fenske, 1985).
Of the 55 wells sampled on the Salmon Site,
five regularly have tritium values above those
expected in surface water values. These include
three soil zone wells near the SGZ (wells
HMH-1, HMH-2, and HMH-5), well HM-S in
the shallow aquifer, and well HM-L in the
underlying local aquifer. Plots of tritium
concentration vs. time for these wells are shown
in Figures 4 to 8. The solid line in the graph
represents the normal radioactive decay of
tritium. Surface water collected from the Half
Moon Creek overflow pond adjacent to the
SGZ area, has tritium values above background
as does the REECo Pit drainage area which was
used for the disposal of drilling mud.
Sample Collection
According to standard operating procedures
agreed to by DOE (U.S. DOE 1981), the HMH
wells on the test site were first sampled,
pumped-dry, and sampled on the following day
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90
80
70
60
^ I 50
« | 40
30
20
10
0
+
-t-
-t- Measured
Predicted by H-3 decay
-f-
Calendar Year
Figure 4 Tritium concentration vs. sampling year for HMH-1 (depth = 10 ft).
40
30
A I 20
10
-t- Measured
Predicted by H-3 decay
-t-
tlllllllllll-L-L-lt
Calendar Year
Figure 5 Tritium concentration vs. sampling year for HMH-2 (depth = 10ft).
5
-------
12
10
co
I
6
Calendar Year
+• Measured
— Predicted by H-3 decay
Figure 6 Tritium concentration vs. sampling year for HMH-5 (depth =10 ft).
40
30
1J
S
S w 20
n ^
± 1-
10
-t-
-t-
-t-
-t-
-t- Measured
Predicted by H-3 decay
-I- -t-
-t-
-t-
-t-
i- -)-
•t-
Calendar Year
Figure 7 Tritium concentration vs. sampling year for HM-S (depth = 30 ft).
6
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3000
2500
§• 2000
O
± 1500
1000
500
X Measured
Predicted by H-3 decay
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I
Calendar Year
Figure 8 Tritium concentration vs. sampling year for HM-L (depth = 200 ft).
wells on the test site were first sampled,
pumped-dry, and sampled on the following
day as were the 15 new wells added in 1997.
The 15 new wells added in 1998 were purged
three volumes of water and then sampled.
Wells HM-1, HM-2A, HM-2B, HM-3, and
HM-L, which lie adjacent to SGZ, were first
sampled and then pumped steadily while
further samples were taken at 30 min
intervals until the pH and conductivity of the
water stabilized. A final sample was taken
from each well 30 min after stability was
reached. Water samples were taken from
sources near the SGZ area (i.e. Half Moon
Creek, Half Moon Creek Overflow, and the
Pond west of SGZ) before and after the
pumping operations to identify any resulting
changes in tritium concentration. Well HM-L2
was first sampled and then pumped for one
hour before a second sample was taken. All
other water supplies were sampled only once.
For wells with operating pumps, the samples
are collected at the nearest convenient outlet.
If the well has no pump, a truck-mounted
sampling unit is used. With this unit it is
possible to collect three-liter samples from
wells as deep as 1800 meters (5,900 ft.). At
the sample collection sites, the pH,
conductivity, water temperature, and sampling
depth are measured and recorded when the
sample is collected.
The locations of all sampling sites are shown
in Figures 9-10. Sampling also included
three locations in Columbia, Mississippi (not
shown). The sampling results are discussed in
the following sections.
Sample Analysis
Radiochemical procedures used to analyze the
samples collected for this report are described
in Johns et al. (1979) and summarized in
Appendix A. These include standard methods
to identify natural and man-made gamma-
emitting radionuclides, tritium, plutonium,
strontium, and uranium in water samples.
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• Well HM-L2
"SA4-1-M
HMH-15 HMH-14 HMH-13
HMH-12
HMH-16B
Decontamination
Pad
Hunting Tatum
Club Well
\ Half Moon
\ Creek
HMH-6
HMH-4
SA1-8-L »SA1-9-2
• SA1-10-2b0 SA1.
Pond West of GZ
HMH-10
Half Moon
Creek Overflow
• SA1-3-H
HMH-11
HMH-2«HMH-9|
SA1-7-H
HMH-3 •
SA3-4-H
SA3-5-H
SA3-8-1
SA3-11-3
• SA3-10-2
SA5-2-M
Well HT-2C
SA5-5-4
LAMAR
COUNTY
Scale in Feet
1000
Surface Ground Zero
Water Sampling Locations
New Wells Added in 1998
I I I I
0 100 200 300 400 500
Scale in Meters
LOCATION MAP
This map is not to scale
Figure 9 Locations on the Salmon Test Site Area sampled in 1999.
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• Columbia City Little Creek #1-,
Well 64B
Lee Anderson ;—
Lower Little Creek #2 -,
rJames Lowe Crawfish Pond
Mike Thompson
Roswell Thompson
ich Kiffe
p Willie Burge
I r~Joe Surge
Howard
Smith Pond
P.T. Lee
R.H. Anderson
James Vines
Evelyn Noble
Arleene Anderson
Noble's Pond
I Roy Mills
D. Napier*
Anderson's fnnriT
B.R.
Purvis City Well
James Lowe
Dennis
Saucier Jr.
R.L. Anderson Sr.
R.L. Anderson Jr.
Baxterville
City Well
Lumberton
City Well 2
• Surface Ground Zero
• Water Sampling Locations
;?xi Tatum Dome Test Area
Scale in Miles
1 2
01234
Scale in Kilometers
Figure 10 Offsite locations sampled in 1999.
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Two type of tritium analyses were performed:
conventional and electrolytic enrichment. The
enrichment method lowers the minimum
detectable concentration (MDC) from
approximately 300 pCi/L to about 5 pCi/L.
An the upper limit of activity of 700 - 800
pCi/L has been established for the tritium
enrichment method because sample cross-
contamination becomes a problem at higher
levels.
In late 1995, it was decided that a maximum
of 25 percent of all samples collected would
be analyzed by the low-level enrichment
method. This decision was based on the time
required for analysis, budgetary constraints,
and an assessment of past results. Under the
current sampling and analysis protocol for the
site, all samples are initially screened for
tritium activity by the conventional method
and selected samples enriched. At this time
only sampling locations that are in position to
show migration are selected for enrichment.
Sufficient sample is collected from new
sampling locations to perform all routine
analyses and a full-suite of other
radiochemical determinations including assays
for strontium, plutonium, and uranium.
Water Analysis Results
Gamma-ray spectral analysis results indicated
that no man-made gamma-emitting
radionuclides were detected in any onsite or
offsite samples. Tritium concentrations above
normal background values were not detected
in any offsite samples. Long-term decreasing
trends in tritium concentrations are evident for
on-site locations that have shown detectable
tritium activity since monitoring began under
the LTHMP (wells HMH-1, HMH-2, HMH-5,
HM-S, and HM-L, depicted in Figures 4 thru
8).
Only five wells were above the MDC in the
samples collected from the offsite sampling
locations. Tritium activity in the offsite
samples ranged from less than the MDC to 11
pCi/L (~ 0.5 Bq/L), 0.06 percent of the DCG.
These results do not exceed the natural tritium
activity expected in rain water in this area.
Due to the high rainfall in the area, the
sampling procedure for selected onsite wells
is modified as follows: after collection of an
initial sample, the well is purged, and a second
sample taken after the well refills. The second
sample is representative of water that has
infiltrated through the soil zone, whereas the
first sample may represent a mixture of direct
rainwater influx at top of the well and
infiltrated or soil zone water.
Of the 55 locations sampled onsite, 34 sites
were sampled twice (pre-and post-pumping),
25 yielded tritium activities greater than the
MDC in either the first or second sample. Of
these, 16 yielded results higher than normal
background (approximately 25 - 40 pCi/L
[1-1.5 Bq/L]) as shown in Appendix B. The
locations where the highest tritium activities
were measured generally correspond to areas
of known contamination.
In 1997 an additional 15 shallow wells were
added to the annual sampling, which range in
depth of 195' to 2100', increasing the total
wells sampled onsite to 55. Five of the
previous locations regularly have tritium
values above those expected in surface water
samples; of the 15 new wells, tritium values
were all below the MDC. The water in these
wells is not accessible to the public, nor
suitable for drinking due to it's brackishness.
10
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Conclusions
No radioactive materials from the Salmon
Test Site Area were detected in any water
samples collected offsite and tritium
concentrations of water samples collected
onsite and offsite are consistent with those of
past studies at the Salmon Site. The highest
tritium concentration found in water collected
in the offsite area was 11 ± 3.2 pCi/L, which is
typical of background tritium levels, and is
0.12 percent of the National Interim Primary
Drinking Water Regulations (40CFR141).
The highest tritium concentration found onsite
was 25,300 pCi/L. This was detected in a
water sample collected from Well SA1-1H
which is a shallow well (40') near SGZ. The
water from this well is not available to the
public nor is it potable.
The tritium concentrations, except for Well
SA1-1H, were all well below the 20,000
pCi/L level defined in the EPA Drinking
Water Regulations (40CFR141).
All samples were analyzed for presence of
gamma-ray emitting radionuclides with the
exception of HMH-1 though HMH-16 and the
15 shallow wells that were added to the
LTHMP program in 1997. None were
detected above the MDC (see Appendix B on
page 16).
11
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REFERENCES
Code of Federal Regulations, Vol. 41, title 40,
Part 141, July 9, 1976, National Interim
Primary Drinking Water Regulations.
A Guide for Environmental Radiological
Surveillance at U.S. Dept. of Energy
Installations, July 1981,Office of Operational
Safety Report. Las Vegas, NV:
U.S. Department of Energy; DOE/EP-0023.
Fenske, P. R.; Humphrey, T. M., Jr. The
Tatum Dome Project Lamar County,
Mississippi. Las Vegas, NV: U.S. Department
of Energy, Nevada Operations
Office; NVO-225; 1980.
Fordham, J. W. Fenske, P. R. Tatum Dome
Field Study Report and Monitoring Data
Analysis, Las Vegas, NV: U.S. Department of
Energy, Nevada Operations Office;
DOE/NV/10384-03; 1985.
Johns, F., et al. 1979. Radiochemical and
Analytical Procedures for Analysis of
Environmental Samples. Las Vegas, NV:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency;
EMSL-LV-0539-17-1979.
12
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS
Background Radiation
The radiation in man's environment, including
cosmic rays and radiation from naturally-
occurring and man-made radioactive elements,
both outside and inside the bodies of humans
and animals. The usually quoted average
individual exposure from background
radiation is 125 millirem per year in mid-
latitudes at sea level (Shein & Terplak, 1984).
Curie (Ci)
The basic unit used to describe the rate of
radioactive disintegration. The curie is equal
to 37 billion disintegrations per second, which
is the equivalent of 1 gram of radium. Named
for Marie and Pierre Curie who discovered
radium in 1898. One microcurie G^Ci) is one
millionth of a Ci.
Isotope
Atoms of the same element with different
numbers of neutrons in the nuclei. Thus 12C,
13C, and 14C are isotopes of the element
carbon, the numbers denoting the approximate
atomic weights. Isotopes have very nearly the
same chemical properties, but often different
physical properties (for example 12C and 13 C
are stable, 14 C is radioactive).
Enrichment Method
A method of electrolytic concentration that
increases the sensitivity of the analysis of
tritium in water. This method is used by R&BE
in selected samples if the tritium concentration
is less than 700 pCi/L.
Minimum Detectable Concentration
(MDC)
The smallest amount of radioactivity that can be
reliably detected with a probability of Type I and
Type H errors at 5 percent each (DOE 1981).
Offsite
Areas exclusive of the immediate Salmon Test
Site Area.
Onsite
Refers to the immediate vicinity of the
Salmon Test Site Area.
Shallow ground water
Water found near the soil surface, caused by
precipitation infiltration of the soil. This
shallow ground water is not an aquifer.
13
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GLOSSARY OF TERMS
(Continued)
Surficial Aquifer
The ground water layer located closest to the
surface, generally at a depth of approximately
30 feet at SGZ.
Tritium
A radioactive isotope of hydrogen that decays
by beta emission. Its half-life is about 12.5
years.
Pre Sample
First sample taken from wells onsite (before
pumping).
Post Sample
Last sample taken from wells onsite (after
recharge).
Type I Error
The statistical error of accepting the presence
of radioactivity when none is present.
Sometimes called alpha error.
Type II Error
The statistical error of failing to recognize the
presence of radioactivity when it is present.
Sometimes called beta error.
14
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APPENDIX A
Summary of Analytical Procedures
Type of
Analysis
Analytical
Equipment
Counting
Period (Min)
Analytical
Procedures
Sample Approximate
Size Detection Limit'
HpGe
Gammab
HpGe detector -150
calibrated at 0.5 keV/
channel (0.04 to 2 MeV
range). Individual detector
efficiencies ranging from
15 to 35%.
Radionuclide concen-
tration quantified from
gamma spectral data by
online computer program.
3.5L Varies with radionuclides
and detector used, normally
counted to a MDC of
approx. 5 pCi/L for Cs-137
3H
Automatic liquid
scintillation counter
3H+ Automatic liquid
Enrichment scintillation counter
300
300
Sample prepared by
distillation.
Sample concentrated by 5 mL
electrolysis followed by
distillation.
5 to 10 mL 300 to 700 pCi/L
5 pCi/L
The detection limit is defined as the smallest amount of radioactivity that can be reliably detected, i.e., probability
of Type I and Type H error at 5 percent each (DOE 1981).
Gamma spectrometry using a high purity intrinsic germanium (HpGe) detector.
Typical MDA Values for Gamma Spectroscopy
(100 minute count time)
Geometry*
Matrix
Volume
Isotope
Be-7
K-40
Cr-51
Mn-54
Co-57
Co-58
Fe-59
Co-60
Zn-65
Nb-95
Zr-95
Marinelli
Water
3.5 liter
MDA
4.56E+01
4.92E+01
5.88E+01
4.55E+01
9.65E+00
4.71E+00
1.07E+01
5.38E+00
1.24E+01
5.64E+00
9.06E+00
Model
Density
Units
Isotope
Ru-106
Sn-113
Sb-125
1-131
Ba-133
Cs-134
Cs-137
Ce-144
Eu-152
Ra-226
U-235
Am-241
430G
l.Og/ml
pCi/L
MDA
4.76E+01
8.32E+00
1.65E+01
8.28E+00
9.16E+00
6.12E+00
6.43E+00
7.59E+01
2.86E+01
1.58E+01
1.01E+02
6.60E+01
Disclaimer
The MDA's provided are for background matrix samples presumed to contain no known analytes and no decay
time. All MDA's provided here are for one specific *Germanium detector and the geometry of interest. The
MDA's in no way should be used as a source of reference for determining MDA's for any other type of detector.
All gamma spectroscopy MDA's will vary with different types of shielding, geometries, counting times, and decay
time of sample.
15
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APPENDIX B
TRITIUM RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED IN APRIL. 1999
Sample
Location
Baxterville, MS
Anderson, Billy Ray
Anderson Pond
Anderson, Robert Harvey
Anderson, Robert Lowell, Jr.
Anderson, Robert Lee
Anderson, Tony
Burge, Joe
Daniels, Webster, Jr.
Daniels - Well #2 Fish Pond
Thompson, Mike
Half Moon Creek Pre
Post
Half Moon Creek Pre
Overflow Post
Hibley, Billy
Napier, Denice
Lee, Perry T., Jr.
Little Creek #1
Lower Little Creek #2
Mills, Roy
Collection Enriched Gamma
Date Tritium Tritium Spectrometry *'
1999 pCi/L±2SD (MDC) pCi/L±2SD (MDC) Comments (MDC)
4-20 11 ±3.2
4-20
4-20
4-22
4-20
4-19 10 ±3.2
4-20-
4-21
4-21
4-20
4-19
4-20
4-19 402 ±8.0
4-20 414 ± 8.0
4-19
4-20 9.2 ±3. 2
4-20
4-19
4-20
4-20 7.4 ± 3.4
(4.9)
44 ± 127(a)
44 ± 127(1)
-48 ± 125(a)
-19 ± 127(a)
(5.0)
2.1±126(a)
(208)
(208)
(208)
(208)
(208)
ND (5.0)
ND (4.6)
ND (5.0)
ND (5.0)
ND (5.0)
ND (4.8)
ND (4.1)
No sample HUB water
-48 ± 125(a)
-29 ± 127(a)
13 ± 128(a)
(5.2)
(5.0)
37 ± 137(a)
(5.0)
40 ± 127(a)
-19 ± 126(a)
38 ± 139Ca)
(5-3)
No sample - pump
(208)
(211)
(211)
(224)
(208)
(208)
(227)
inoperative
ND (4.9)
ND (5.0)
ND (4.8)
ND (4.6)
ND (5.0)
ND (4.8)
ND (4.1)
ND (4.9)
ND (4.3)
ND (5.0)
ND (5.0)
-------
APPENDIX B (Continued)
TRITIUM RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED IN APRIL. 1999
Sample
Location
Baxterville, MS (Cent)
Nobles Pond
Noble, Evelyn
Pond West of GZ Pre
Post
REECo Pit Drainage-A
REECo Pit Drainage-B
REECo Pit Drainage-C
REECo Pit Drainage-C Dup
Saucier, Dennis
Well Ascot 2
Baxterville Well City
Well E-7
Well HM-1 Pre
1st 30 Min
2nd 30 Min
3rd 30 Min
Post
WellHM-2A Pre
1st 30 Min
2nd 30 Min
Post
Collection Enriched
Date Tritium
1999 pCi/L±2SD (MDC)
4-20
4-20
4-19
4-20
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-21 -2.7±3.3(a) (5.5)
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
Tritium
pCi/L ±2SD
56 ± 127(a>
127 ± 129°"
-17 ± 128(a)
-21 ± 128(a>
117±137(a)
553 ± 144
1880 ± 170
1600 ± 160
-110±134(a>
-179 ± 133(a)
-8.3 ± 128(a)
-79 ±126(a)
-25 ±128(a)
-104 ± 126(a)
-88 ±126(a)
-54 ±127(a)
-13 ±128(a)
17 ±128(a)
-29 ±127(a)
(MDC) Comments
(208)
(208)
(211)
(211)
(222)
(222)
(223)
(222)
(224)
Not sampled
(224)
(211)
(211)
(211)
(211)
(211)
(211)
(211)
(211)
(211)
Gamma
Spectrometry w
(MDC)
ND (4.9)
ND (4.6)
ND (4.9)
ND (5.0)
ND (4.9)
ND (4.5)
ND (4.9)
ND (4.8)
ND (4.9)
ND (4.9)
ND (4.9)
ND (5.0)
ND (4.7)
ND (4.9)
ND (4.7)
ND (4.9)
00 Indicates results are less than MDC
(b) No gamma radionuclides detected above MDC
ND Non-detected, MDC for gamma represents 137Cs (pCi/L)
17
-------
APPENDIX B (Continued)
TRITIUM RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED
Sample
Location
Collection Enriched
Date Tritium Tritium
1999 pCi/L±2SD (MDC) pCi/L±2SD
IN APRIL. 1999
(MDC) Comments
Gamma
Spectrometry
169
168
155
157
155
157
137(a)
136(a)
153
159
(211)
(211)
(211)
(211)
(211)
(211)
(211)
(222)
(222)
(222)
(222)
(222)
(222)
(222)
(222)
(222)
(224)
(224)
(224)
(224)
(224)
(224)
No Sample
No Sample
(224)
(224)
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
(5.0)
(4.2)
(5.0)
(5.0)
(4.9)
(5.0)
(5.0)
(4.5)
(5.0)
(4.9)
(4-9)
(4.9)
(5-0)
(4.9)
(a)
Indicates results are less than MDC
(h) No gamma radionuclides detecte
ND Non-detected, MDC for gamma represents 137Cs (pCi/L)
18
-------
APPENDIX B (Continued)
TRITIUM RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED IN APRIL. 1999
Sample
Location
Baxterville, MS
Well HMH-6
Well HMH-7
Well HMH-8
Well HMH-9
Well HMH-10
WellHMH-11
Well HMH-12
Well HMH-13
Well HMH-14
Well HMH-15
Well HMH-16
SA1-1H
(cont)
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Collection Enriched
Date Tritium
1999 pCi/L±2SD (MDC)
4-19
4-19
4-18
4-18
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-20
4-19
4-20
4-19
4-20
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-20
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-20
4-21
4-22
Gamma
Tritium Spectrometry m
pCi/L ± 2 SD (MDC) Comments (MDC)
No Sample
No Sample
No Sample:
Well Underwater
No Sample:
Well Underwater
7.7 ± 136°" (224)
-11 ±136°° (224)
293 ± 141°° (224)
748 ±148 (224)
85 ± 137 No gamma radionuclides detected above MDC
ND Non-detected, MDC for gamma represents B7Cs (pCi/L)
19
-------
APPENDIX B (Continued)
TRITIUM RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED IN APRIL. 1999
Sample
Location
Baxterville,
SA1-2H
SA1-3H
SA1-4H
SA1-5H
SA1-6H
SA1-7H
SA1-8-L
SA1-9-2A
SA1-10-2B
SA1-11-3
SA2-1-L
SA2-2-L
SA2-3-L
SA2-4-L
MS (cont)
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Collection Enriched
Date Tritium
1999 pCi/L±2SD (MDC)
4-21
4-22
4-21
4-22
4-21
4-22
4-21
4-22
4-21
4-22
4-21 24 ±3.7 (5.3)
4-22 23 ±3.6 (5.1)
4-20 -2.5 ±3.0(a) (5.0)
4-20 -2.0 ±3.0(a) (5.0)
4-20 -0.85 ± 2.9(a) (4.9)
4-20 -2.6 ±3.0(a) (5.0)
4-21 -1.3 ±3.0(a) (5.0)
4-21 -0.80±3.2
-------
APPENDIX B (Continued)
TRITIUM RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED IN APRIL. 1999
Sample
Location
Collection Enriched Gamma
Date Tritium Tritium Spectrometry w
1999 pCi/L±2SD (MDC) pCi/L ± 2 SD (MDC) Comments (MDC)
Baxtervillc, M S (cunt)
SA2-5-L
SA3-1M
SA3-3M
SA3-4H
SA3-5-H
SA3-8-1
SA3-10-2
SA3-11-3
SA4-1M
SA5-1M
SA5-2M
SA5-3M
SA5-4-4
SA5-5-4
00 Indicates
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
Pre
Post
results
ia rnHin
4-20
4-20
4-22
4-20
4-22
4-20
4-22
4-20
4-22
4-22
4-22
4-22
4-21
4-22
4-20
4-22
4-20
4-22
4-19
4-22
4-22
4-22
are less than
innrliHpc c\p\p
-0.48
8.1
9.6
16
15
21
1.8
8.3
' 17
20
7.7
10
10
12
-0.59
-1.1
MDC
•r*t*»H nhnv
± 3.0(a)
±3.2
±3.2
±3.3
±3.7
±3.9
±3.1(a)
± 127(a)
± 127(a)
±3.4
± 3.2(a)
± 3.3(a)
±3.2
±3.3
± 3.0(a)
± 3.0(a)
•p. Mnr
(5.0)
(4.9)
(4.9)
(4.9)
(5.6)
(5.8)
(5.1)
(209)
(209)
.49 ±134(a) (222)
.56 ±134(a) (222)
-39 ±134(a) (222)
(4.9)
60 ± 142 (233)
(4.9)
(5.0)
(5.0)
(5.1)
54 ± 128(a) (209)
-46 ±126(a) (209)
(5.0)
(4.9)
. ND (5.0)
ND (4.8)
ND (4.8)
ND (5.0)
ND (4.9)
ND (4.9)
ND Non -detected, MDC for gamma represents l"Cs (pCi/L)
21
-------
APPENDIX B (Continued)
TRITIUM RESULTS
Sample
Location
Baxterville, MS (conL)
Well HT-2C
Well HT-4
Well HT-5
Columbia, MS
Well 64B City
Lumberton, MS
Anderson, Arleene
Anderson, Lee L.
James Lowe
James Lowe
Crawfish Pond
Powell, Shannon
Smith, Howard Pond
Thompson, Mike
Thompson, Roswell
Well 2 City
Burge, Willie
Kiffe, Richie & Patsy
FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED
Collection Enriched
Date Tritium Tritium
1999 pCi/L ± 2 SD (MDC) pCi/L ± 2 SD
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-19
4-20 ' 47 ± 137(a)
4-19
4-20 -2.1 ±126°°
4-20 -15 ± 126(a)
4-19 -15 ±136(a)
4-19 30 ± 137(a)
4-20 -42 ± 135(a)
4-19 52 ± 127
-------
APPENDIX B (Continued)
TRITIUM RESULTS FOR WATER SAMPLES COLLECTED IN APRIL. 1999
Sample
Location
Collection Enriched Gamma
Date Tritium Tritium Spectrometry
1999 pCi/L±2SD (MDC) pCi/L ± 2 SD (MDC) Comments (MDC)
Hattiesburg, MS
Bomboy, David W. 4-19
Purvis, MS
City Supply Purvis 4-19
Rain Sample IT Compound 4-19
-69 ±135(a> (224)
ND (3.3)
0.37 ± 3.3(a)(5.4)
ND (5.0)
No sample - no rain
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