U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Technical Information Service ------- NZ0411 PB88-864632 Citations from the Life Sciences Collection Database Wetlands Ecology (Jan 78 May 88) 826000300 ------- CONTENTS Bibliographic information II Ordering reports Ill Sample citation Ill About the database IV About Published Searches V Related Searches VI Title List .T-l Citations 1 Subject term index S-l The citations contained in this document are copyrighted and may not be reproduced without permission of the database producer ------- BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFORMATION PB88-864632 Wetlands Ecology (Jan 78 May 88) Citations from the Life Sciences Collection Database May 88 National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA Report period covered: Jan 78 - May 88 Supersedes PB87-860185. This bibliography contains citations concerning specific site, and general descriptions of wetland areas. Topics include community structures, flora and fauna descriptions, productivity studies, and nutrient transport aspects. Saline and freshwater wetland areas are considered. This updated bibliography contains 341 of which 26 of which are new entries to the previous edition.) PRICE CODE: PC N01 MF N01 ------- USER INFORMATION Ordering reports/articles referenced in this Published Search. There are many sources capable of providing copies of the items listed in this search. Contact either your local library or the following commercial supplier to obtain the copies you need. NERAC, Inc. Attn: Document Dept. One Technology Drive To!land, CT 06084 Phone: 203/872-7000 Fax: 203/875-1749 SAMPLE CITATION Title Changes of the Organs of Locomotion in Adult Alcoholism. Accession 80-01 16865 Number Author Szanto, D. Magy. Radiol., 31(3), 133-139 (1979) Language German, English, Hungarian, Russian Affiliation- (Egyesitett Tudokorhaz-Gondozointezet, Pf 175, 3501 Miskole, Hungary) Type- Journal Article: Orig. Research Abstract The X-ray pathology of the limbs of 7 patients with chronic alcoholism is described. SAMPLE SUBJECT INDEX ENTRY Keyword Locomot ion Citation Page Number 59 80-01 16865 Accession Number III ------- ABOUT Life Sciences Collection Database LSC Life Sciences Collection is an independent, privately-owned database which has been publishing journal abstracts since 1965, beginning with Microbiology Abstracts. Over the years, a number of additional journals in a variety of appropriate study areas have been added to the subject matter of the LSC database which contains approximately 895,000 records. In 1978 a computerized system was instituted for the storage of the abstracts on a central database which is updated weekly. The additional records are selected by an in-house editorial staff and an international network of consultants and translators who review over 5,500 research journals and numerous books, conference proceedings, reports, patents, and selections from the "grey literature." The subjects included in the Life Sciences Collection database are: microbiology, biochemistry, ecology, entomology, genetics, immunology, toxicology, chemoreception, calcified tissues, aquatic sciences and fisheries, and animal behavior. IV ------- ABOUT PUBLISHED SEARCHES Published searches are special information products developed from a variety of online databases. The NTIS Bibliographic Database, which is the keystone of the Published Search Program, alone contains almost 2 million document/data records of government-sponsored research. Other databases searched include those of the American Petroleum Institute; BHRA FLUIDEX; Computer Database (CDB); Energy Database; Engineering Information, Inc. (COMPENDEX); Information Services for the Physics and Engineering Communities (INSPEC); Information Services in Mechanical Engineering (ISMEC); International Food Information Service (FSTA); International Aerospace Abstracts (IAA); Life Sciences Collection (LSC); Management Contents Database (MNC); Metals Abstracts (METADEX); Oceanic Abstracts; Packaging Science and Technology Abstracts (PSTA); Paper and Board Printing and Packaging Industries Research Association (PIRA); Pollution Abstracts; RAPRA (Rubber and Plastics Research Association of Great Britain); Searchable Physics Information Notices (SPIN); Selected Water Resources Abstracts (SWRA); U. S. Patent Bibliographic Database (PTO); World Surface Coatings Abstracts (WSCA); and World Textile Abstracts (WTA). Published Searches are specially prepared bibliographies referencing reports with full bibliographic citations including informative abstracts (when provided by the database producer) and, when possible, ordering information and price. The abstracts provide a quick inexpensive way to determine which items are of special interest to a user. The searches are prepared by information specialists and are available in many topic areas. Updated regularly, they are available for $49.50 in both paper and microfiche form to domestic customers and $80 for those overseas. The current Master Catalog of Published Searches is available for free by requesting PR-186. Should you have questions concerning this product, please call the NTIS Product Manager at (703) 487-4929. ------- RELATED PUBLISHED SEARCHES The Published Searches listed below are recent additions to your topic of interest. When ordering these searches, use the order number appearing in each bibliographic citation. These searches may be ordered from NTIS by calling the Sales Desk at 703/487-4650 or sending a written request to the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161. Wetlands Legislation and Management (Oan 77-Jan 88) Selected Water Resources Abstracts 351 citations ORDER NUMBER PB88-857560/RPS This bibliography contains citations concerning Federal and state legislation governing coastal and fresh water wetlands. Studies of regional regulations and management of specific cites are included. Reconciling environmental considerations with economic pressures and landowners' rights is discussed. Wetlands restoration projects, conservation projects, and development plans are presented. Many citations discuss wetlands management and law in relation to the Clean Water Act. Inland Wetlands Legislation and Management (Oan 70-Jul 88) USG/NTIS 179 citations ORDER NUMBER PB88-866819/RPS This bibliography contains citations concerning Federal and state laws and management programs for the protection and use of inland wetlands. Utilization of wetlands to control highway runoff and community wastewater is discussed. Wetlands protection programs, restoration projects, resource planning, and wetlands identification methods are cited. References to coastal and salt water wetlands are excluded from this bibliography VI ------- TITLE LIST PAGE TITLE 1 FORESEEABLE FLOODING AND DEATH OF COASTAL WETLAND FORESTS. 1 MIRE DEVELOPMENT, POOL FORMATION AND LANDSCAPE PROCESSES ON PATTERNED FENS IN DALARNA, CENTRAL SWEDEN. T-1 ------- 1 SEED BANK OF A FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND: TURNOVER AND RELATIONSHIP TO VEGETATION CHANGE. 2 EFFECTS OF ROADSIDE SNOWMELT ON WETLAND VEGETATION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY 2 THE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION OF STORKS. 2 NITROGEN FIXATION WITH NON-LEGUMES. 3 VEGETATION NEAR SANTA TERESINHA, NE MATO GROSSO. 3 MIRES IN DANGER IN WESTERN EUROPE. 3 THE VALUE OF COASTAL WETLANDS FOR PROTECTION OF PROPERTY AGAINST HURRICANE WIND DAMAGE. 4 THE VEGETATION OF THE CANADIAN PRAIRIE PROVINCES. IV. THE WOODY VEGETATION, PART 2. WETLAND SHRUBBERY 4 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF MIRE VEGETATION AT AASENMYRA, ENGERDAL, CENTRAL SOUTHERN NORWAY AND COMPARISON WITH TRADITIONAL FENNOSCANDIAN PALUDICOLOGY 4 SPORE BANK OF A DELAWARE RIVER FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND. 5 SOUTH CAROLINA'S DIKED TIDAL WETLANDS: THE PRESISTING DILEMMAS. 5 SOURCES AND FATES OF AQUATIC POLLUTANTS. 5 FISH COMMUNITIES IN THE PERENNIAL WETLAND Of THE SUDD, SOUTHERN SUDAN. 6 BIOGENIC HYDROGEN SULFIDE EMISSIONS FROM SELECTED FLORIDA WETLANDS. 6 STATUS AND TRENDS OF FRESHWATER WETLANDS IN THE COAL-MINING REGION OF PENNSYLVANIA, USA. 6 THE EFFECT OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER DELTA LOBE DEVELOPMENT ON THE HABITAT COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA COASTAL WETLANDS. 7 EVALUATING THE WETLAND RESOURCE. 7 THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF WETLANDS SYSTEMS. 7 DISTURBANCE IN A CYPRESS-TUPELO WETLAND: AN INTERACTION BETWEEN THERMAL LOADING AND HYDROLOGY 7 EFFECTS OF FLOODING ON DECOMPOSITION AND NUTRIENT CYCLING IN A LOUISIANA SWAMP FOREST 8 SELECTED ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SCIRPUS CYPERINUS AND ITS ROLE AS AN INVADER OF DISTURBED WETLANDS. 8 SHIFTS IN VEGETATION AND SITE CONDITIONS DUE TO EUTROPHICATION IN WETLANDS. 8 WETLAND SOIL AND MICROCLIMATE. 9 INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC TRENDS ON WETLAND STUDIES IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES WHICH UTILIZE TREE RING DATA. 9 SMALL MAMMALS OF MELALEUCA STANDS AND ADJACENT ENVIRONMENTS IN SOUTHWESTERN FLORIDA. 9 RECOGNITION OF PEAT-FORMING PLANT COMMUNITIES FROM THEIR PEAT DEPOSITS IN TWO SOUTH SWEDISH BOG COMPLEXES. 9 ACIDIC PRECIPITATION. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ACIDIC PRECIPITATION, MUSKOKA, ONTARIO, SEPTEMBER 15-20. 1985. 10 TOPOGRAPHIC FLUCTUATIONS ACROSS A SPRING FEN AND RAISED BOG IN THE LOST RIVER PEATLAND, NORTHERN MINNESOTA. 1O THE ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF CAREX CHORDORRHIZA L. FIL. 10 TAKING STOCK OF CHANGING BROADLAND. 1 AIR PHOTOINTERPRETATI ON AND DIGITAL CARTOGRAPHY T-2 ------- 11 SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL CHANGES IN LOUISIANA'S BARATARIA BASIN MARSHES, 1945-1980. 11 IMPLICATIONS OF MARSH SIZE AND ISOLATION FOR MARSH BIRD MANAGEMENT 11 CLADOCERA FROM BURREN TURLOUGHS AT MULLAGH MORE, CO. CLARE. 12 INFLUENCE OF THE WATER BALANCE OF THE PLANTS ON THE COEXISTENCE AND THE RICHNESS OF PLANT SPECIES IN SEMI-DRY MEADOWS (MESOBROMION) 12 INFLUENCE OF DRAINAGE ON N-MINERALIZATION AND VEGETATION RESPONSE IN WET MEADOWS I. CALTHION PALUSTRIS STANDS. 12 NEW LITERATURE ON SPHAGNUM 12 (GLYCERIO DECLINATAE-CATABROSETUM AQUATICAE A NEW ORANTABRICAN ASSOCIATION OF GLYCERIO-SPARGANION BR.-BL. AND SISSINGH IN BOER 1942.). 13 SEEDLING RECRUITMENT OF 11 WETLAND PLANT SPECIES ALONG A WATER LEVEL GRADIENT- SHARED OR DISTINCT RESPONSES? 13 THE EFFECT OF NUTRIENT ADDITION AND LOWERING OF THE WATER TABLE ON SHOOT BIOMASS AND SPECIES COMPOSITION OF A WET GRASSLAND COMMUNITY (CIRSIO-MOLINIETUM ) SISS. ET DE VRIES, 1942. 13 THE EFFECT OF NUTRIENTS ON SHOOT BIOMASS AND SPECIES COMPOSITION OF WETLAND AND HAYFIELD COMMUNITIES. 14 BIOMASS OF SHRUB-DOMINATED WETLANDS IN MINNESOTA. 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINETEENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT VOLUME 2. 21-25 OCTOBER 1985, ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN. 14 PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER QUALITY MODELLING IN THE INLAND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT, BOURNEMOUTH, ENGLAND, 10-13 JUNE, 1986. 15 ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS IN NORTHWEST FRESHWATER WETLANDS. 15 THE MIRE-WETLAND ECOSYSTEM: JOINT SYMPOSIUM SPONSORED BY THE CANADIAN BOTANICAL ASSOCIATION, THE BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, AND THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, AUGUST 10, 1983, UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA, GRAND FORKS, NORTH DAKOTA. 15 VEGETATIONAL GRADIENTS IN RELATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN NORTHWESTERN EUROPEAN MIRES. 16 HYDROLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF OMBROGENOUS PEAT BOGS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NUTRIENT RELOCATION IN A WESTERN NEWFOUNDLAND BOG. 16 RAISED BOGS IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA: TRANSITIONS IN LANDFORMS AND GROSS STRATIGRAPHY 16 FLORISTICS OF THE BARATARIA BASIN WETLANDS, LOUISIANA. 17 FEDERAL AND STATE MANAGEMENT OF INLAND WETLANDS: ARE STATES READY TO ASSUME CONTROL? 17 THE BLACK RIVER LOWER MORASS: A THREATENED WETLAND IN JAMAICA. 17 THE IMPACT OF LITTER AND ANNUAL PLANTS ON RECRUITMENT FROM THE SEED BANK OF A LACUSTINE WETLAND. 18 A QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUE FOR ESTIMATING THE BOUNDARIES OF WETLANDS FROM VEGETATION DATA. 18 REMOTE SENSING OF COASTAL WETLANDS. 18 WILDFOWL, WETLANDS AND EDUCATION. 18 SOME MIRE SYSTEMS IN JAPAN. 19 COMPARISON OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE SALT MARSHES IN GALVESTON BAY COMPLEX, TEXAS. T-3 ------- 19 WETLAND AND LAKE EVAPORATION IN LOW ARCTIC. 19 MAIN ASPECTS OF THE VEGETATION OF DAMP ZONES OF THE ESTUARY OF THE LOIRE. 20 GERMINATION OF TEN SHORELINE PLANTS IN RELATION TO SEED SIZE, SOIL PARTICLE SIZE AND WATER LEVEL. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY 20 RELATIONSHIPS OF SEED BANKS TO PLANT DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS IN A FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND. 20 WETLANDS OF THE NEW JERSEY PINE BARRENS: THE ROLE OF SPECIES COMPOSITION IN COMMUNITY FUNCTION. 21 CHANGES IN A WETLAND PLANT ASSOCIATION INDUCED BY IMPOUNDMENT AND DRAINING. 21 BIOLOGY OF MEIOFAUNA. 21 THE HISTORY OF DRAINAGE AT WICKEN FEN, CAMBRIDGESHIRE, ENGLAND, AND ITS RELEVANCE TO CONSERVATION. 22 THE INFLUENCE OF MICROTOPOGRAPHIC HETEROGENEITY ON CARBON DIOXIDE EFFLUX FROM A SUBARCTIC BOG. 22 IRON TOXICITY TO PLANTS IN BASE-RICH WETLANDS. COMPARATIVE EFFECTS ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH OF EPILOBIUM HIRSUTUM L. AND JUNCUS SUBNODULOSUS SCHRANK. 22 WETLAND VALUES AND PROTECTION STRATEGIES. A STUDY OF LANDOWNER ATTITUDES IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO. 23 SOILS OF SWAMPS IN THE APALACHICOLA, FLORIDA, ESTUARY 23 ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE. CATTAIL AND WILDLIFE AT THE MONTEZUMA NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE. 23 PEATLANDS AND FOREST DRAINAGE IN QUEBEC, CANADA. 23 ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF WETLANDS INVENTORY MAPS FOR DETERMINING POTENTIAL BEAVER HABITAT 24 THE CANADIAN SYSTEM OF WETLAND CLASSIFICATION AND ITS APPLICATION OF CIRCUMBOREAL WETLANDS. 24 WETLANDS OF THE UNITED STATES: CURRENT STATUS AND RECENT TRENDS. 24 COASTAL WETLANDS. 25 COASTAL WETLANDS. 25 COASTAL WETLANDS. 25 COASTAL WETLANDS. 25 COASTAL WETLANDS. 26 COASTAL WETLANDS. 26 COASTAL WETLANDS. 26 COASTAL WETLANDS. 27 COASTAL WETLANDS. 27 COASTAL WETLANDS. 27 COASTAL WETLANDS. 28 COASTAL WETLANDS. 28 COASTAL WETLANDS. 28 COASTAL WETLANDS. 29 COASTAL WETLANDS. T-4 ------- 29 (THE INUNDATION PLAINS OF NORTHERN YUGOSLAVIA) 29 BIBLIOGRAPHY TO UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER AQUATIC AND WETLAND PLANT LITERATURE. 29 MINNESOTA'S PROTECTED WATERS AND WETLANDS INVENTORY 30 BIOMASS PRODUCTION AND CHEMICAL CYCLING IN A MAN-MADE GEOTHERMAL WETLAND. 30 AN ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF POCOSIN WETLANDS DEVELOPMENT WITH MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS. 30 DEVELOPMENT OF A TREED BOG ISLAND IN AMINEROTROPHIC FEN. 31 SUCCESSION OF VEGETATION IN AN EVOLVING RIVER DELTA, ATCHAFALAYA BAY, LOUISIANA. 31 GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF GIANT RAGWEED (AMBROSIA TRIFIDA L .) IN A DELAWARE RIVER FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND. 31 SIMULTANEOUS GROUNDWATER TABLE FLUCTUATION IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF VIRGIN PINE MIRES . 32 RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT' RECONCILING CONFLICTING USES. 32 RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT: RECONCILING CONFLICTING USES. 32 RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT- RECONCILING CONFLICTING USES. 32 EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATION OF NUTRIENTS AND WATER IN A FRESHWATER MARSH: EFFECTS ON BIOMASS, DECOMPOSITION, AND NUTRIENT ACCUMULATION. 33 NUTRIENT DEPOSITION IN CATTAIL STANDS BY COMMUNALLY ROOSTING BLACKBIRDS AND STARLINGS. 33 CHARACTERIZING WETLAND BOUNDARIES: A PACIFIC COAST EXAMPLE. 33 DEVELOPMENT OF AN EVALUATION SYSTEM FOR WETLANDS IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO. 34 EFFECTS OF PH AND PLANT SOURCE ON LIGNOCELLULOSE BIODEGRADATION RATES IN TWO WETLAND ECOSYSTEMS, THE OKEFENOKEE SWAMP AND A GEORGIA SALT MARSH. 34 THE STATUS OF PEATLAND SITE CLASSIFICATION FOR FORESTRY IN ONTARIO. 34 CYPRESS SWAMPS. 35 CYPRESS SWAMPS. 35 CYPRESS SWAMPS. 35 ABOVEGROUND PRODUCTION AND ABUNDANCE OF SOME GRAMINACEOUS SPECIES ON MOWED AND ABANDONED SECTIONS OF A WET RIVERSHORE MEADOW ON THE TORNE RIVER, N. SWEDEN. 36 (IMPORTANCE OF VEGETATION BORDERS NEAR BOGS TO THE PROTECTION OF THE HAUTS-MARAIS: EXAMPLE OF TWO SWISS BOGS.) 36 CALIFORNIA RIPARIAN SYSTEMS: ECOLOGY, CONSERVATION, AND MANAGEMENT. 36 NEOTROPICAL ORNITHOLOGY 36 HYDROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF HOKARSAR, A TYPICAL WETLAND OF KASHMIR 1 BIOTOPE . 37 MECHANISMS CONTROLLING PHOSPHORUS RETENTION CAPACITY IN FRESHWATER WETLANDS. 37 ABOVEGROUND ENERGY PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF SOUTHEASTERN HARDWOOD SWAMP FORESTS. 37 MODIFICATION OF BOG VEGETATION BY POWER UTILITY RIGHTS-OF-WAY. 38 BIOMASS AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF AQUATIC MACROPHYTES IN THE HYGAM WETLAND, KASHMIR WITH REFERENCE TO SUBSTRATE NUTRIENTS. 38 THE VEGETATION OF SOME DITCHES AND EDGES OF THE DITCHES IN THE DROEMLING (LOWER SAXONY). T-5 ------- 38 POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF NEW SATELLITE SENSORS TO WETLAND MAPPING. 39 PROPOSED FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPING A MULTIDISCIPLINARY WETLANDS VALUATION MODEL. 39 TISSUE WATER RELATIONS IN A RANGE OF PLANT SPECIES AND ITS ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE. 39 PALYNOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SOME PEAT MOORS IN THE SUBALPINE ZONE OF THE HACHIMANTAI MOUNTAINS. 40 VARIATION IN THE C/N-QUOTIENT OF PEAT IN RELATION TO DECOMPOSITION RATE AND AGE DETERMINATION WITH SUPER(210)PB. 40 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PEAT BOG AND ACID FEN VEGETATION IN THE TREBON BASIN. 40 VEGETATION CHANGES OF A DANISH MIRE 1957-1981. 41 FIELD STUDIES ON THE BREAKDOWN OF NUPHAR LUTEA (L.) SM. (NYMPHAEACEAE), AND A COMPARISON OF THREE MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR ORGANIC WEIGHT LOSS. 41 THE BREAKDOWN OF MACROPHYTES IN A RESERVOIR WETLAND. 41 (PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON AQUATIC OLIGOCHAETE BIOLOGY) 42 MOISTURE CONDITIONS IN HUMMOCKS AND HOLLOWS IN VIRGIN AND DRAINED SITES ON THE RAISED BOG LAAVIOSUO, SOUTHERN FINLAND. 42 THE VEGETATION AND WATER CHEMISTRY OF FOUR OLIGOTROPHIC BASIN MIRES IN NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO. 42 VEGETATION OF THREE MOUNTAIN MIRES, WEST TAUPO, NEW ZEALAND. 43 TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DYNAMICS OF WATERFOWL POPULATIONS IN A WETLAND AREA. A COMMUNITY ECOLOGICAL APPROACH. 43 THE WETLAND VASCULAR FLORA OF FOUR SEEPS IN MCDONOUGH COUNTY, ILLINOIS. 43 THE DISTRIBUTION OF CROCIDURA RUSSULA AND CROCIDURA LEUCODON IN WESER MARSHLANDS OF BREMEN. 44 THE DYNAMICS OF SPHAGNUM IN FOREST AND PEATLAND COMMUNITIES IN SOUTHEASTERN LABRADOR, CANADA. 44 METHANE PRODUCTION IN MINNESOTA PEATLANDS. 44 RIVERS AND WETLANDS. 44 MODERN POLLEN ASSEMBLAGES AND VEGETATION IN THE MYRTLE LAKE PEATLAND, MINNESOTA . 45 ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION AND CRUDE DENSITY OF BREEDING BIRDS ON PRAIRIE WETLANDS. 45 THE NORFOLK BROADLAND: EXPERIMENTS IN THE RESTORATION OF A COMPLEX WETLAND. 45 MIRES: SWAMP, BOG, FEN AND MOOR. GENERAL STUDIES. 46 MIRES: SWAMP, BOG, FEN AND MOOR. GENERAL STUDIES. 46 WET MEADOW COMMUNITIES OF THE PROTECTED LANDSCAPE REGION JIZERSKE HORY MOUNTAINS. 2. 46 MIRES: SWAMP, BOG, FEN AND MOOR. REGIONAL STUDIES. 47 PLANT COMMUNITIES OF TASMANIAN WETLANDS. 47 MARL WETLANDS IN EASTERN WEST VIRGINIA: DISTRIBUTION, RARE PLANT SPECIES, AND RECENT HISTORY 47 MODELLING OF MATTER CYCLE IN A MESOTROPHIC BOG ECOSYSTEM. 1 LINEAR ANALYSIS OF CARBON ENVIRONS. T-6 ------- 48 HIGHER VERTEBRATES OF THE HACKENSACK RIVER TIDAL MARSHES. 48 PREVALENCE OF CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM TYPE C IN SUBSTRATES OF PHOSPHATE-MINE SETTLING PONDS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR EPIZOOTICS OF AVIAN BOTULISM. 48 WILD BRITAIN: THE CENTURY BOOK OF MARSHES, FENS AND BROADS. 48 UTILIZATION AND PROCESSING OF FRESHWATER WETLAND MACROPHYTES BY THE DETRITIVORE ASELLUS FORBESI 49 FINDINGS OF CRAB SPIDERS, GENUS HERIAEUS , IN WETLANDS NEAR ZURICH. 49 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY, SHOOT BIOMASS AND SPECIES RICHNESS IN GRASSLAND AND WETLAND COMMUNITIES. 49 THE RESPONSE OF PLANT SPECIES TO BURIAL IN THREE TYPES OF ALASKAN WETLANDS. 50 THE ROLE OF DELAWARE RIVER FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLANDS IN THE RETENTION OF NUTRIENTS AND HEAVY METALS. 50 EFFECTS OF PERMANENT FLOODING ON CAREZ -EOUISETUM WETLANDS IN NORTHERN SWEDEN. 50 SPOONBILL (PLATALEA LEUCORODIA L.) NESTING IN LAC DE GRAND-LIEU. 51 PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, DECOMPOSITION AND CONSUMER ACTIVITY IN FRESHWATER WETLANDS. 51 THE ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLANDS. 51 COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BIOMASS AND PRODUCTION IN SOME TYPICAL WETLANDS OF KASHMIR. 52 FEEDING ECOLOGY OF BREEDING BIRDS IN FIVE WETLANDS OF KASHMIR. 52 DETERMINANTS OF THE USE OF HABITAT BY HORSES IN A MEDITERRANEAN WETLAND. 52 WETLAND SALINITY AND SALT GLAND SIZE IN THE REDHEAD AYTHYA AMERICANA . 53 PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES. 53 PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC UNITED STATES. 53 PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC UNITED STATES. 54 DEVELOPMENT OF VEGETATION ON SOME DRAINED MIRE SITE TYPES IN NORTH-OSTROBOTHNIA. 54 THE VEGETATION OF THE CANADIAN PRAIRIE PROVINCES. III. AQUATIC AND SEMI-AQUATIC VEGETATION. 54 HYGIENIC SITUATION OF MOIST TERRITORY OF CAGLIARI. 54 (ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE BIRD COMMUNITY OF THE PROTECTED AREA OF NAJASA (CAMAGUEY).) 55 DEVELOPMENT OF VEGETATION ON SOME DRAINED MIRE SITE TYPES IN NORTH-OSTROBOTHNIA. 55 PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC UNITED STATES. 55 PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC UNITED STATES. 56 PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES. 56 WETLAND SALINITY AND SALT GLAND SIZE IN THE REDHEAD AYTHYA AMERICANA . T-7 ------- 56 STRATIGRAPHY OF A SITE IN THE MUNSARY DUBH LOCHS, CAITHNESS, NORTHERN SCOTLAND: DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRESENT PATTERN. 57 CLASSIFICATION OF THE PANS OF THE WESTERN ORANGE FREE STATE ACCORDING TO VEGETATION STRUCTURE, WITH REFERENCE TO AVIFAUNAL COMMUNITIES. 57 AQUATIC AND MARSH PLANTS OF ALABAMA. II ARECIDAE. 57 (WETLANDS. CARE AND PROTECTION OF NATURE'S TREASURES.) 57 SYSTEM FOR MEASURING METHANE FLUXES FROM INLAND AND COASTAL WETLAND ENVIRONMENTS. 58 STUDIES OF WETLANDS IN INDIA WITH EMPHASIS ON STRUCTURE, PRIMARY PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT 58 (INVESTIGATIONS OF THE AVIFAUNA OF THE DANUBE DELTA IN OCTOBER, 1979 ). 58 SUCCESSION IN WETLANDS: A GLEASONIAN APPROACH. 59 THE PATTERNED MIRES OF THE RED LAKE PEATLAND, NORTHERN MINNESOTA' VEGETATION, WATER CHEMISTRY AND LANDFORMS. 59 WASTEWATER EFFECTS ON A WATERHYACINTH MARSH AND ADJACENT IMPOUNDMENT 59 BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA (TERRESTRIAL ARTHROPODS) PROJECT ON AQUATIC INSECTS OF FRESHWATER WETLANDS. 60 WETLANDS MAY CLEAN GEOTHERMAL WATER 60 NETWORK ZOOPLANKTON OF THREE ORAVA PEATBOGS. 60 VEGETATION AND NUTRIENT STATUS OF NORTHERN MICHIGAN BOGS AND CONIFER SWAMPS WITH A COMPARISON TO FENS. 61 A MAP OF THE PRE-EUROPEAN VEGETATION OF LOWER NORTHLAND. NEW ZEALAND 61 IN SEARCH OF WETLANDS. 61 (INVENTORY OF WETLANDS IN THE CANTON OF ZURICH (WITH A BIBLIOGRAPHY ON VEGETATION) ) 62 NITROGEN FIXATION (ACETYLENE REDUCTION) ASSOCIATED WITH DECAYING LEAVES OF POND CYPRESS ( TAXODIUM DISTICHUM VAR. NUTANS ) IN A NATURAL AND A SEWAGE-ENRICHED CYPRESS DOME. 62 THE INFLUENCE OF WETLAND VEGETATION ON TIDAL STREAM CHANNEL MIGRATION AND MORPHOLOGY 62 ENERGY FLOW IN A SALT MARSH ECOSYSTEM: THE ROLE OF REDUCED INORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS. 63 TIDAL AND DIURNAL INFLUENCE ON FOOD CONSUMPTION OF A SALT MARSH KILLIFISH FUNDULUS HETEROCLITUS 63 ECOLOGICAL SCALES OF MARSH PLANTS (THE BOGS OF THE NORTHEASTERN PART OF THE PECHORA-ILYCH RESERVE) 63 (VEGETATION AND ECOLOGY OF A SPHAGNUM BOG IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL) 64 (THE RELIEF AND SOILS OF OZUNCA-BAI MARSH) 64 FUNGI IN COASTAL AND INLAND SALT MARSHES. /( PRESENTED AT: 3. INT MARINE MYCOLOGY SYMPOSIUM; MOREHEAD CITY, NC (USA); 9 SEP 1979). 64 WILLAPA BAY- A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND A RATIONALE FOR RESEARCH. 65 NITROGEN INPUTS AND OUTPUTS OF AN UNFERTILIZED PADDY FIELD. /(PRESENTED AT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP AT GYSINGE VARDSHUS, OSTERFARNEBO, SWEDEN 16-22 SEP 1979) 65 THE PHYTOSOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF SCRAGH BOG, CO. WESTMEATH. T-E ------- 65 STUDIES ON THE ANIMAL COMMUNITIES IN TWO NORTH FLORIDA SALT MARSHES. PART 3. SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS OF FISH AND MACROINVERTEBRATES . 66 NUTRIENT FLUXES WITHIN A SMALL NORTH TEMPERATE SALT MARSH. 66 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE VEGETATIONAL HISTORY OF TYROL III: STUBAIER ALPS _ ZILLERTALER ALPS. 66 CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE VEGETATIONAL HISTORY OF TYROL IV: NATZER PLATEAU _ VILLANDERER ALM. 67 THE EFFECTS OF WATER LEVEL ON THE GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION OF SCIRPUS MARITIMUS VAR. PALUDOSUS 67 INVENTORY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE CAMARGUE (FRANCE) 67 THE NITROGEN UPTAKE KINETICS OF SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA IN CULTURE. 68 VEGETATION, SOIL, HYDROLOGY AND MANAGEMENT IN A DRENTHIAN BROOKLAND (THE NETHERLANDS). 68 PRODUCTIVITY AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE IN A TROPICAL SCIRPUS BRACHIARA MARSH. 68 WETLANDS AND WATERBIRDS OF THE SNOWY RIVER AND GIPPSLAND LAKES CATCHMENT 69 EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE, PH, SALINITY, AND INORGANIC NITROGEN ON THE RATE OF AMMONIUM OXIDATION BY NITRIFIERS ISOLATED FROM WETLAND ENVIRONMENTS. 69 MEIOFAUNA-MACROFAUNA INTERACTIONS IN A HIGH SALT MARSH HABITAT 69 THE DYNAMICS OF THE BACTERIAL POPULATION ASSOCIATED WITH A SALT MARSH. 70 AN ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF FRASER ESTUARY TIDAL MARSHES: THE ROLE OF DETRITUS AND THE CYCLING OF ELEMENTS. 70 THE BIRD FAUNA OF THE SWAMP REGNEMARK MOSE, ZEALAND, WITH ESTIMATES ON THE ROLE OF BIRDS IN THE ENERGY BUDGET OF MARSHLAND. 70 (ECOLOGICAL STRATEGY OF A PERENNIAL AND ANNUAL SALICORNIA COMPARED: GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF YOUNG STANDS) 71 GROWTH RATE AND PHOSPHATE UTILIZATION OF SOME CAREX SPECIES FROM A RANGE OF OLIGOTROPHIC TO EUTROPHIC SWAMP HABITATS. 71 A MODEL OF NATURAL AND MAN-INDUCED CHANGES IN OPEN FRESHWATER WETLANDS ON THE MASSACHUSETTS COASTAL PLAIN. 71 BRYOPHYTES OF THE PEAT MAT AT PONKAPOAG POND, EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS, WITH TAXONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL NOTES ON SPHAGNUM 72 NITROGEN FIXATION AND THE NITROGEN BALANCE IN PEATLAND ECOSYSTEMS. 72 ENERGY FLOW AND GRAZING BEHAVIOR OF CONOCEPHALINE GRASSHOPPERS IN A JUNCUS ROEMERIANUS MARSH. 72 FERTILITY OF DIFFERENT MIRE TYPE GROUPS. 73 DEVELOPMENT OF A SALT MARSH MICROECOSYSTEM. 73 TIDAL MARSHES THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN LAND AND OCEAN. 73 PLANT ASSOCIATIONS AND PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF THE NISQUALLY SALT MARSH ON SOUTHERN PUGET SOUND, WASHINGTON. 74 CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THE ECOLOGY OF SOME SOUTH GERMAN PEATLANDS. 74 (ON THE VEGETATION AND ECOLOGY OF THE SAGER SEA NATURE RESERVE, SOUTH OF OLDENBURG). 74 THE ECOLOGY OF BREEDING WATERFOWL AT THE OUSE WASHES, ENGLAND. 74 MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS FOR NONGAME BIRDS IN WESTERN WETLANDS. /(PRESENTED AT WORKSHOP AT SALT LAKE CITY, UT, USA, 11-14 FEB. 1980). T-9 ------- 75 DRAINAGE OF ORGANIC SOILS AS A FACTOR IN THE WORLD CARBON CYCLE. 75 ECOLOGY OF BEGGIATOA /(81 REFS.). 75 FORESTED WETLANDS IN EASTERN CONNECTICUT: THEIR TRANSITION ZONES AND DELINEATION. 76 (WATERPLANT AND REED COMMUNITIES OF THE CENTRAL REGION BETWEEN WITTENBERG AND AKEN). 76 NATURE CONSERVATION PROJECTS FOR THE NATIONAL PARK OF ICHKEUL. 76 LIFE FORMS AND LIFE STRATEGIES IN NANOCYPERION COMMUNITIES FROM THE NETHERLANDS FRISIAN ISLANDS. 77 CHANGES OF GROUND WATER REGIME IN WET MEADOWS. 77 LITTERFALL, STEMFLOW, AND THROUGHFALL NUTRIENT FLUXES IN AN ALLUVIAL SWAMP FOREST 77 WATER USE IN LOWLAND RICE CULTIVATION IN ASIA: A REVIEW OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION. 78 STUDIES OF COASTAL SEDIMENTS, SOILS, AND BIOTA. JAMES BAY, ONTARIO, CANADA. 78 IMPACTS OF COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS ON LOCAL GROUND-WATER SYSTEMS. WISCONSIN POWER PLANT IMPACT STUDY 78 COPPER AND LEAD LEVELS IN CROPS AND SOILS OF THE HOLLAND MARSH AREA ONTARIO. 79 SOME EFFECTS OF GRAZING ON VEGETATION DYNAMICS IN THE CAMARGUE, FRANCE) 79 DIRECTORY OF WETLANDS OF INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE IN THE WESTERN PALEARCTIC. 79 OKEFENOKEE SWAMP ORIGIN: REVIEW AND RECONSIDERATION. 79 (SEVERAL BIOLOGICAL AND FLORISTIC OBSERVATIONS ON THE PADDY FIELDS OF THE CAMARGUE: CHARACEAE BIOTOPES). 80 HOW TO VALUE WETLANDS. 80 MARSH PLANTS AS VECTORS IN TRACE METAL TRANSPORT IN OREGON TIDAL MARSHES. 80 (ATTEMPTS AT CONSERVING POORLY VEGETATED MUD FLATS FOR LIMICOLES IN SHALLOW LAKES) 81 THE IMPACT OF A NATURAL DRAWDOWN ON THE GROWTH OF FOUR EMERGENT SPECIES IN A PRAIRIE GLACIAL MARSH. 81 SEASONAL CHANGES IN NEAR INFRARED REFLECTANCE RATIO AND STANDING CROP BIOMASS IN A SALT MARSH COMMUNITY DOMINATED BY HALIMIONE PORTULACOIDES (L ) AELLEN. 81 ENERGY CONTENT OF WATER- AND BOG-PLANT ASSOCIATIONS IN THE REGION OF VALDIVIA (CHILE) 82 ECOLOGICAL AND POPULATION STUDIES OF FIDDLER CRABS (OCYPODIDAE, GENUS UCA ) ON A MANGROVE SHORE AT PHUKET ISLAND, WESTERN PENINSULAR THAILAND. 82 PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF THE PEAT-BOG HUMMELL KNOWE MOSS USING VARIOUS NUMERICAL METHODS. 82 CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE POPULATIONS OF A SWAMP ANNUAL UNDER DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE REGIMES. 83 PALEOECOLOGICAL STUDIES IN THE KLOKKEWEEL BOG NEAR HOOGKARSPEL (PROV. OF NOORD-HOLLAND) 83 ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE WATER BIRD COMMUNITY IN A NORTH BAVARIAN POND AREA. 83 THE STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF AN EELGRASS FISH FAUNA. 84 THE UPTAKE OF PHOSPHATE BY CAREX SPECIES FROM OLIGOTROPHIC TO EUTROPHIC SWAMP HABITATS. T-10 ------- 84 TIDAL FRESHWATER MARSH ESTABLISHMENT ON DREDGE SPOILS IN THE COLUMBIA RIVER ESTUARY 84 DIFFERENCES IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF SOME BOG DIATOMS: A CLUSTER ANALYSIS. 85 MANAGING BOG ENVIRONMENTS FOR RECREATIONAL EXPERIENCES. 85 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENERGY BALANCE IN A MARSHY WATER-BODY ECOSYSTEM. 85 WETLAND VALUES _ A NON-CONSUMPTIVE PERSPECTIVE. 85 SUCCESSION OF ROVE-BEETLE POPULATIONS IN A EUTROPHIC HYDROSERE IN THE MOSCOW AREA . 86 NITROGEN NUTRITION AND SALINITY TOLERANCE OF DISTICHLIS SPICATA AND SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA 86 CHARACTERISTICS OF SCATTERED WETLANDS IN RELATION TO DUCK PRODUCTION IN SOUTHEASTERN WISCONSIN. 86 DRILLING PREDATION IN A POPULATION OF THE EDIBLE BIVALVE ANADARA GRANOSA (ARCIDAE) 87 EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER, SHADE, AND THE REMOVAL OF NEW GROWTH ON LONGEVITY OF OVERWINTERING BOG ERICAD LEAVES. 87 PREDICTING EFFECTS OF AN ELECTRIC GENERATING STATION ON WETLAND PASSERINE BIRDS: WISCONSIN POWER PLANT IMPACT STUDY 87 (THE MOSQUITOES OF QUEBEC. AN ECOLOGICAL SYNTHESIS) 88 WHAT MIRE TYPES SHOULD BE PROTECTED IN FINLAND? 88 PATTERNS AND DIVERSITY OF AQUATIC MACROPHYTES IN TASIK BERA. 88 ACIDITY FLUCTUATIONS AT A BROADLAND SITE IN NORFOLK. 88 THE DAILY AND SEASONAL COURSE OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FROM A CENTRAL EUROPEAN SEDGE-GRASS MARSH. 89 PLANT COMMUNITIES OF RICH-FEN SYSTEMS IN ENGLAND AND WALES. II. COMMUNITIES OF CALCAREOUS MIRES. 89 PLANT COMMUNITIES OF RICH-FEN SYSTEMS IN ENGLAND AND WALES. I. INTRODUCTION, TALL SEDGE AND REED COMMUNITIES. 89 ALGAL MAT PRODUCTIVITY' COMPARISONS IN A SALT MARSH. 90 (IRON AS A LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR IN MARSHY ALDER WOODS). 90 QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF TIDAL WETLANDS USING REMOTE SENSING. 90 MODELING HYDROLOGY AND EUTROPHICATION IN A LOUISIANA SWAMP FOREST ECOSYSTEM. 91 MODELING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEVELOPMENT AND STORM WATER AND NUTRIENT RUNOFF 91 CHANGES IN SOIL CHARACTERISTICS AFTER THE FIXATION OF NEOREGELIA CRUENTA (R GRAN) L. SMITH (BROMELIACEAE) , IN A 'RESTINGA' ECOSYSTEM. 91 THE IMPORTANCE AND STATUS OF THE PEATLANDS IN POLAND AND THE TRENDS IN THEIR PROTECTION. 92 ESTUARINE AND WETLAND PROCESSES. 92 SCHOENUS VEGETATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST SWEDEN. 92 ECOLOGY OF A SUBARCTIC MIRE. 92 COMMUNITIES OF THE ASSOCIATION CARICION DAVALLIANAE KLIKA 1934 IN THE LIPTOV BASIN. 93 THE SWEDISH IBP T- 1 1 ------- 93 (FORMATION OF THE CAMARGUE AND HISTORY OF ITS HOLOCENE VEGETATION) 93 (SOCIO-ECONOMIC HISTORY OF THE CAMARGUE). 94 (ANIMAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE) 94 (IMPACT OF FEEDING BY A GROUP OF CAMARGUE HORSES ON HALOPHYTE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE, AND ON ITS INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES) 94 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF JONGLEI CANAL PROJECT 95 THE SUDD AS A WETLAND ECOSYSTEM AND THE JONGLEI CANAL PROJECT 95 A UNIQUE WETLAND IN MARYLAND 96 DIGENETIC TREMATODES OF AMPHIBIANS FROM TOGO. 96 VEGETATION GRADIENTS OF MINEROTROPHICALLY RICH FENS IN WESTERN ALBERTA. 96 PATTERNS OF SUSPENDED PARTICLE TRANSPORT IN A MISSISSIPPI TIDAL MARSH SYSTEM. 97 (STUDY OF THE FORAMINIFERA OF MANGROVE SWAMPS: REFLECTION ON THE OBJECTIVES AND THE STATE OF KNOWLEDGE) 97 THE USE OF FRESHWATER WETLANDS AS A TERTIARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE. 98 IS ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY A PROBLEM SOLVER OR A PROBLEM CREATOR? 98 FENLAND: ITS ANCIENT PAST AND UNCERTAIN FUTURE. 98 INTRODUCTION TO THE MADONIE MARSHY AREAS STUDY 98 THE IMPORTANCE OF WETLANDS IN THE NORTH CENTRAL AND NORTHEAST UNITED STATES TO NON-GAME BIRDS. 99 FLORA OF FAIZABAD. II. AQUATIC AND MARSHY VEGETATION. 99 ECOLOGY OF AN OMBROTROPHIC BOG OF NORTHERN WISCONSIN. 99 THE DISTRIBUTION OF SEEDS, SEEDLINGS, AND ESTABLISHED PLANTS OF ARROW ARUM ( PELTANDRA VIRGINICA (L.) KUNTH) IN A FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND. 1OO HABITAT VARIATION IN THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF A COMMUNAL GALLINULE, THE PUKEKO, PORPHYRIO PORPHYRIO MELANOTUS 1OO DISTRIBUTION AND RELATED ECOLOGY OF MACROLICHENS ON MANGROVES ON THE EAST AUSTRALIAN COAST 1OO WETLAND SURVEYING AND MAPPING. 1O1 WATER QUALITY STANDARDS: EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK. 101 THE LIVING SWAMP 101 WETLAND SUCCESSION, FIRE AND THE POLLEN RECORD: A MIDWESTERN EXAMPLE. 101 CRITERIA FOR AN EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANT SITES, EXEMPLIFIED ON CENTRAL EUROPEAN MIRES. 102 WATERFOWL PAIR USE OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE WETLANDS IN SOUTH DAKOTA. 102 RELEASE OF TRACE METALS BY SEWAGE SLUDGE AND THE SUBSEQUENT UPTAKE BY MEMBERS OF A TURTLE GRASS MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM. 102 HERBACEOUS PRODUCTION IN CUT-BURNED, UNCUT-BURNED, AND CONTROL AREAS OF A CHAMAECYPARIS THYOIDES (L.) BSP (CUPRESSACEAE) STAND IN THE GREAT DISMAL SWAMP 103 THE GUE DU PLANTIN: PLAEO-ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF A WET SITE. 103 THE VEGETATION OF A CAMARGUE PASTURE. 104 FLORISTIC ANALYSES OF BRITISH MIRES AND MIRE COMMUNITIES. T- 1: ------- 104 SWAMP ECOSYSTEMS. 104 THE INUNDATION ZONE OF THE NIGER AS AN ENVIRONMENT FOR PALAEARCTIC MIGRANTS. 105 THE INFLUENCE OF THICK FLOATING VEGETATION (WATER HYACINTH: EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES ) ON THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT OF A FRESH WATER WETLAND. 105 A NOTE ON THE RELATION OF SIZE TO ECOLOGICAL VALUE OF SOME WETLANDS. 106 URBAN RUNOFF TREATMENT METHODS. VOLUME 1. NON-STRUCTURAL WETLAND TREATMENT 106 FRESHWATER WETLANDS: ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND MANAGEMENT POTENTIAL. 106 WATER REGIME OF SOIL AND LANDSCAPE CHANGED BY FALLOW LAND IN WET AREAS. CHANGE OF UTILIZATION UNEXPLOITED ARABLE LAND. 107 WATERFOWL POPULATIONS AS RELATED TO HABITAT CHANGES IN BOG WETLANDS OF THE MOOSEHORN NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE. 107 ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION UPON MICHIGAN WOODLOTS AND WETLANDS: SOIL RELATIONSHIPS. 108 A MODELING APPROACH TO EVALUATE TIDAL WETLANDS. 108 BIOMASS AND PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF RHIZOPHORA APICULATA BL. IN A MANGROVE IN SOUTHERN THAILAND. 108 UPTAKE, ACCUMULATION, AND LOSS OF NUTRIENTS BY PAPYRUS IN TROPICAL SWAMPS. 109 PHOSPHORUS SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FLOODED SOILS. 109 USE OF NATURAL BASIN WETLANDS BY BREEDING WATERFOWL IN NORTH DAKOTA. T-13 ------- CITATIONS FORESEEABLE FLOODING AND DEATH OF COASTAL WETLAND FORESTS. DeLaune, R. D. Patrick, W. H. Pezeshki, S. R. 1665671 ENVIRON. CONSERV , vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 129-133 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0388 COMPANY RELATED- Lab Wetland Soils and Sediments, Cent Wetland Resour., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA NDN- 032-0105-7366-9 Relationships between sedimentation, submergence, and cleterioration, of a Mississippi River deltaic-plain coastal wetland forest were in investigated. Measured sedimentation rates as determined by super(137 )Cs-dating were considerably less than the rapid increase in water-level Transplanted seedlings of Ouercus lyrata (Overcup Oak) and of Taxodium distichum (Bald Cypress) survived only on the most elevated natural ridge in this swamp-forest. The combined effects of rapid subsidence, eustatic sea-level rise, and accompanying salt-water intrusion, could destroy much of these swamp-forests and cause major habitat changes in this ecologically important regi on. MIRE DEVELOPMENT, POOL FORMATION AND LANDSCAPE PROCESSES ON PATTERNED FENS IN DALARNA, CENTRAL SWEDEN. 1668710 Foster, D. R. Fritz, S. C. J. ECOL., vol 75, no. 2, pp. 409-437 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- O388 COMPANY RELATED- Harvard For , Harvard Univ , Petersham, MA 01366, USA NDN- O32-0105-6702-8 Mire development and pool formation were examined stratigraphica11y on patterned fens in Dalarna, central Sweden The pa 1aeoecologica1 study was complemented by mapping of the surface and substratum topography, description of modern landforms, analysis of the water chemistry and diatom flora, and phytosociologica1 study of the vegetation. SEED BANK OF A FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND: TURNOVER AND RELATIONSHIP TO VEGETATION CHANGE. 1648670 Leek, M. A. Simpson, R. L. AM. J. BOT , vol. 74, no. 3, pp. 36O-370 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0288 COMPANY RELATED- Biol. Dep. , Rider Coll , P.O. Box 6400, Lawrencevi 1 1e, NJ 08648, USA NDN- 032-O104-7720-7 Depletion during spring germination (turnover), longevity, and successional relationships were studied at High Marsh (HM), Cattail (CT), and Shrub Forest (SF) sites in a freshwater tidal wetland over three years. There was significant seasonal reduction in size and composition of seed banks from all sites. Turnover was greatest in HM surface (0-2 cm) samples where 29 * more seeds germinated in March than in June. In CT and SF samples turnover was considerably less. Although some species were important at all three sites, the seed bank composition of each was distinct, and was related to vegetation composition at each site. Because the bulk of the seed bank at each site resembles its site vegetation more than that of another site, it is not possible to predict succession. ------- EFFECTS OF ROADSIDE SNOWMELT ON WETLAND VEGETATION: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY 1658848 Isabella, P S. Fooks, L. J. Keddy, P A. Wilson, S. D. d ENVIRON. MANAGE., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 57-60 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0288 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, Man. R3T 2N2, Canada NDN- 032-0104-0316-8 Mixtures of wetland plant seeds were sown and supplied with roadside snowmelt, diluted snowmelt and tap water to test the hypothesis that water produced by melting roadside snow can affect wetland plant community structure. After one month of growth, community biomass, species diversity, evenness and richness all decreased significantly with increasing snowmelt concentration. Only two species, Typha latifolia and Lythrum salicaria , germinated in pure roadside snowmelt. Our results suggest that roadside snowmelt may have profound effects on wetland plant community structure. THE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION OF STORKS. 1658858 Coulter, M. C. Rodgers, J. A. COLONIAL WATERBIRDS., vol 10, no. 2, pp. 129-130 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0288 COMPANY RELATED- Savannah River Ecol Lab., Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA NDN- 032-0104-0312-2 On 24 October, 1986, an international symposium on the ecology and conservation of storks (Ciconiidae) was held at the tenth annual meeting of the Colonial Waterbird Society Field biologists an zoo researchers were brought together to share their knowledge. The goal was to evaluate the conservation status of storks, to encourage communication among the many researchers, and to increase cooperation among stork biologists. NITROGEN FIXATION WITH NON-LEGUMES. 1636140 Skinner, F A. Uomala, P (eds.) PLANT SOIL., vol. 21 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 3. International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-legumes CONF.PLACE- Helsinki (Finland) CONF.DATE- 2-8 Sep 1984 ISBN- ISBN 90-247-3283-2 TAPE ISS- 0188 COMPANY RELATED- Soil Microbiol. Dep., Int. Rice Res. Inst., Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines NDN- 032-0103-5533-6 Of the 143 million hectares of cultivated rice land in the world, 75% are planted to wetland rice. Wet or flooded conditions favour biological nitrogen fixation by providing photic-oxic floodwater and surface soil for phototrophic, free-living or symbiotic blue-green algae (EGA), and aphotic-anoxic soil for anaerobic or microaerobic, heterotrophic bacteria. Studies on the ecology of floodwater communities are needed to understand the principles of manipulating EGA. Bacteria associated with rice roots and the basal portion of the shoot also fix nitrogen. The system is known as a rhizocoenosis. Screening rice varieties that greatly stimulate N sub(2)-fixation may be the most efficient way of manipulating the rhizocoenosis. Stimulation of N sub(2)-fixation by bacterial inoculation needs to be quantified. ------- VEGETATION NEAR SANTA TERESINHA, NE MATO GROSSO. 1627O64 E i ten, G. ACTA AMAZON., vol. 15, no. 3-4, pp. 275-301 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE NOTES- Received 1987 TAPE ISS- 1287 COMPANY RELATED- VEG-IB, Univ Brasilia, Brasilia, D.F , Brazil NDN- 032-0102-4182-5 The Santa Teresinha region in northeastern Mato Grosso has a varied vegetation which is principally hummock pantanal The flat clayey alluvial ground between the hummocks is covered with a continuous non-cerrado ground cover dominated by grasses but which harbors sedges and a large herb flora. No woody plants grow in it. The tops of the 10-20m wide, slightly elliptical hummocks, 1.5-2 m high, 10-40 per hectare, are covered with cerrado plants: herbs, semishrubs, thin- and thick-stemmed shrubs and low trees. For 4-5 months during the latter part of the rainy season, the regional water table rises to the surface and the ground between the hummocks becomes saturated or floods up to 1.5-2 m deep. The tops of the hummocks almost always remain above high water level MIRES IN DANGER IN WESTERN EUROPE. 1627230 Oldfleld, S. ORYX., vol. 21, no. 4. pp. 229-232 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1287 COMPANY RELATED- 22 Mandene Gardens, Great Gransden, Nr Sandy, Beds. SG19 SAP, UK NDN- 032-0102-4086-2 The mires of Western Europe are perhaps the major type of habitat in the region that is of global importance for conservation. They are as well represented in Europe as in any other part of the world, with many distinct and unique types surviving. Mires, wherever they occur, are being destroyed at ever-increasing rates, and measures for their conservation nees to be effectively co-ordinated at regional and international levels. The author, who is Symposium Secretary of the International Mire Conservation Group, describes the problems faced by mires in Europe. THE VALUE OF COASTAL WETLANDS FOR PROTECTION OF PROPERTY AGAINST HURRICANE WIND DAMAGE. 1603901 Farber, S. J. ENVIRON. ECON. MANAGE , vol 14, no. 2, pp 143-151 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1187 COMPANY RELATED- Dep Econ., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA NDN- 032-0102-1424-0 This study presents a methodology and an estimate of the value of Gulf Coast, USA, wetlands for purposes of protection from wind damage to property from hurricanes. The basic principle is that wetlands help to weaken storms and provide a nonopen water buffer zone between storm landfall and populated areas. The methodology is to estimate a hurricane property damage function in which wetlands traversed by storms are an explicit damage determining variable. Given historic hurricane probabilities, an expected marginal damage function is derived that predicts the incremental property damage from winds due to loss of the wetlands buffer zone. Section II presents the theoretical damage model Section III establishes the storm probability function. Section IV describes the data and damage function estimation. ------- THE VEGETATION OF THE CANADIAN PRAIRIE PROVINCES. IV THE WOODY VEGETATION, PART 2. WETLAND SHRUBBERY 1579982 Looman, J. PHYTOCOENOLOGIA., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 439-466 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1O87 COMPANY RELATED- P.O. Box 3613, High River, Alta. TOL 1BO, Canada NDN- 032-0101-8228-5 In this paper shrubbery occurring on soils with the water table close to the surface, or permanently wet, is described. Two main types of wetland shrubbery can be distinguished. The one type is characterised by the dominance, or codominance, of Salix spp., and can be classified with Eurasian willow communities in a class-group Betulo-Salicea Two classes, three orders, 5 alliances, 11 associations, and 10 variants are described in the willow communities. Three associations are described for the Prairie Provinces, and their ecology and distribution are discussed. NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF MIRE VEGETATION AT AASENMYRA, ENGERDAL, CENTRAL SOUTHERN NORWAY AND COMPARISON WITH TRADITIONAL FENNOSCANDIAN PALUDICOLOGY 1560812 Galten, L. NORD. J. BOT , vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 187-214 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0987 COMPANY RELATED- N-7090 Stoeren, Norway NDN- 032-0101-1341-6 The investigation area has been examined by means of a regularly-spaced sampling technique. With the sample plots as attributes, association analysis (ASSI/AN) and inverse information analysis (INFO) have been employed to estimate associations between pairs of species (ASSI/AN) and to establish species groups (INFO). Divisive information analysis (DIVINF) has been employed in the classification of sample plots. The 75 most frequently occurring species were selected as attributes. Twenty DIVINF groups were established. Similarly coefficients were calculated between all these groups in order to reexamine their internal relationships. Based on these coefficients and based on the species groups and the ecological measurements' indication, DIVINF groups have been linked to established vegetation blocks, which are regarded as the basic vegetation units in the present study. SPORE BANK OF A DELAWARE RIVER FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND. 1577697 Leek, M. A. Simpson, R. L. BULL. TORREY BOT CLUB., vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 1-7 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0987 COMPANY RELATED- Biol Dep., Rider Coll , Lawrencevi11e, NJ 08648, USA NDN- 032-0100-4111-9 The composition of the spores in the soil of a Delaware River freshwater tidal wetland was determined from samples from 3 sites (high marsh, cattail, and shrub forest) and 4 depths (rain, 0-2 cm, 4-6, and 8-10 cm) maintained in a greenhouse for 2 growing seasons. The spore bank contained 14 mosses, 2 liverworts, 7 ferns, and 1 horsetail. There were significant site, depth, and site-depth interactions for bryophyte cover and species and for total fern and Onoclea sensibilis densities. No one site was consistently ranked highest. However, more species, greater densities, or % cover occurred in surface (0-2 cm) samples. Bryum sp. and Onoclea sensibilis were the most common bryophyte and fern species. Slow germination of spores and/or growth required that samples be monitored for longer periods than for comparable seed bank studies, and may be responsible for the lack of these species on the tidal surfaces from which the soil samples were obtained. ------- SOUTH CAROLINA'S DIKED TIDAL WETLANDS: THE PRESISTING DILEMMAS. Tompk i ns, M. E. 155459: COAST MANAGE., vol 15, no. 2, pp. 135-155 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0887 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Gov. and Int. Stud., Univ South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA NDN- 032-0100-1123-3 South Carolina has a significant stock of diked coastal wetlands, dating from the days of rice culture before the Civil War A survey of those controlling these sites along the entire South Carolina coast reveals that many continue to be used for waterfowl hunting, with management practices becoming more intensive than they were when partial data were gathered a decade ago. It also suggests that most of the acreage involved is located in large fields, where management is more difficult and mosquito control problems are more likely This survey also indicates that public access is limited, but that there is evidence of continuing conflict over ownership. This situation creates a persisting dilemma for coastal zone management, shaping conflicts between alternative strategies for the use of natural systems. SOURCES AND FATES OF AQUATIC POLLUTANTS. Hites, R. A. Eisenreich, S. J. (eds.) 1540591 ADV. CHEM SER., no 216 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 109. Meeting of the American Chemical Society CONF.PLACE- Chicago, IL (USA) CONF.DATE- 8-13 Sep 1985 ISBN- ISBN 0-8412-0983-9 TAPE ISS- 0787 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Civ Eng , Massachusetts Inst. Technol . Cambridge, MA 02139, USA NDN- 032-0099-1711-A In peatlands and other waterlogged ecosystems, e. severely restricted physical transport regime may be regarded as a ratecontrol1ing factor for many biogeochemica1 processes. Transport in the liquid phase by advection, diffusion, and dispersion, and vapor-phase transport by ebullition and desaturation are the abiotic transport processes in wetland sediment. Biotic transport may also occur Quantitative formulations for several of these transport processes exist, and specific, quantitative, useful examples of transport-oriented biogeochemica1 cycles are presented for two wetland ecosystems, namely, Belle Isle marsh and Thoreau's Bog. FISH COMMUNITIES IN THE PERENNIAL WETLAND OF THE SUDD. 1542499 SOUTHERN SUDAN. Hickley Ba i1ey, R. G. FRESHWAT. BIOL., vol 16, no. 5, pp. 695-709 PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE RELATED- Dep. Hum. Environ. Sci , King's Coll SW10 OQX, UK NDN- 032-0099-1166-4 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TAPE ISS- O787 COMPANY (KQC), Hortensia Rd., London Cyperus papyrus and Typha domingensis swamps were recognized as the major ecological zones in the perennial wetland of the Sudd. The highest diversity and abundance of fishes was obtained in the shallow Sudd lakes which revealed considerable uniformity in population structures. The most numerous species in gill-nets were Alestes dentex, Synodontis frontosus and S. schall whereas Heterotis niloticus, Mormyrus cashive and Distichodus rostratus assumed importance in terms of biomass. Micralestes acutidens and cichlids were abundant among the small fishes inhabiting fringes of Eichhornia crassipes , and air-breathing species occurred beneath the vegetation mat. Flowing-water habitats exhibited a similar but restricted fauna. Peak catches in a representative river-lake could be interpreted as the arrival of fish for breeding or their migration through the lake for reproduction elsewhere. ------- BIOGENIC HYDROGEN SULFIDE EMISSIONS FROM SELECTED FLORIDA WETLANDS. 1510760 Castro, S. D i erberg, F E. WATER AIR SOIL POLLUT., vol 33, no. 1-2, pp. 1-13 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0687 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Environ. Sci. and Eng., Florida Inst. Technol , Melbourne, FL 32901, USA NDN- 032-0098-8572-1 Biogenic H sub(2)S emissions from Florida wetland surface enclosed by transparent polycarbonate cylinders were collected on silver nitrate impregnated filters and analyzed f1uorometrical1y. The areal emission rates from 0.024 to 0.272 g S m super(-2)yr super(-1) for a mangrove and from 0.001 to O.110 g S m super(-2)yr super(-1) for two freshwater wetlands (cypress swamp and riverine marsh) and a saltwater marsh. The total quantity of biogenic S emitted from these wetlands was estimated to range from 1.8 x 10 super(9) to 3.0 x 10 super(9) g yr super(-1). While biogenic emissions from wetlands may be a factor in local patterns of acid deposition, they are probably insignificant contributors to Florida's atmospheric S burden and acidity of precipitation compared to anthropogenic S sources. STATUS AND TRENDS OF FRESHWATER WETLANDS IN THE COAL-MINING REGION OF PENNSYLVANIA, USA. 15O0292 Brooks, R. P Hill, J. B . ENVIRON. MANAGE., vol 11, no. 1, pp. 29-34 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0587 COMPANY RELATED- Sch. For. Resour , For Resour Lab., Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park, PA 16802, USA NDN- 032-0097-5742-8 The impact of surface mining for coal on the nature and extent of freshwater wetlands was assessed on 73.2OO ha in western Pennsylvania. The influence of mining on wetlands was not uniform across physiographic regions, varying with regional differences in hydrology and soils. Overall, mined lands supported 18% more palustrine wetlands than unmined lands, primarily because of a 270% gain in permanent, open-water wetlands on mined lands in the glaciated region. Open-water wetlands declined on mined lands in unglaciated regions owing to unfavorable hydrologic conditions. The number and size of emergent wetlands declined as a result of mining. Mined lands supported 81% fewer riverine wetlands than unmined lands. Land managers need to develop land use policies that maximize the ecological and social benefits that can be derived from developing diverse wetland communities on mined lands. THE EFFECT OF MISSISSIPPI RIVER DELTA LOBE DEVELOPMENT ON THE HABITAT COMPOSITION AND DIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA COASTAL WETLANDS. 15O0353 Nei11, C. Deegan, L. A. AM. MIDL. NAT., vol 116, no. 2, pp. 296-303 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0587 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. For. and Wildl Manage., Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA NDN- 032-0097-5695-A The patterns of habitat changes that occur during the growth and decay of Mississippi River deltaic lobes were examined by comparing different-aged lobes using habitat maps constructed from aerial photographs. Mudflats and fresh marshes dominated young delta lobes (10-1000 years old) Intermediate-aged lobes (1000-2000 years old) contained higher proportions of brackish and salt marshes. Old lobes (2000-4000 years old) contained large areas of salt and brackish marshes and open water The number of habitat types (N) and Shannon-Wiener index of habitat diversity (H') were lowest in the youngest lobe (N 14, H' = 0.68), highest in a medium-aged lobe (N 56, H' = 1.77), and intermediate in the oldest lobe (N 44, H' = 1.38). A new cycle of vegetation change is initiated approximately every 1000 years when upstream river diversion reintroduces fresh water and sediment into an old lobe. ------- EVALUATING THE WETLAND RESOURCE. Morr is, J . 1500565 J. ENVIRON . MANAGE . , PUBL. DATE- 1987. RELATED- Si 1soe Col 1 vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 147-156 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE . Silsoe, Bedfordshire, UK LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH ISS- 0587 COMPANY NDN- 032-0097-5525-9 An economic framework for examining the competition between agriculture and the env i ronment is outlined briefly. With particular reference to wetlands, it reviews possible methods for identifying and measuring costs, benefits, and impacts, and considers their contribution to resource decisions. THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF WETLANDS SYSTEMS. Farber, S. Costanza, R. 1500708 J. ENVIRON. MANAGE., vol 24. no. 1, pp. 41-51 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1987 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0587 COMPANY RELATED- Dep . Econ., Louisiana State Univ , Baton Rouge, LA 7O803, USA NDN- 032-O097-5408-4 uses both an economic willingness-to-pay and an energy ana lysis --<---- iL-~ social value of a wetlands system. The economic recreational, and storm protection value analysis evaluates the energy processed by the to the wetlands system in South Thi s study method of establishing the approach considers the commercial of wetlands. The energy wetlands system. These methods are applied Lou i siana. DISTURBANCE IN A CYPRESS-TUPELO WETLAND: AN INTERACTION BETWEEN THERMAL LOADING AND HYDROLOGY 1471237 Scott, M L. Sharitz, R. R. Lee, L. C. WETLANDS., vol 5, pp. 53-68 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0487 COMPANY RELATED- Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab., Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802, USA NDN- 032-0097-2111-9 The interaction between thermal loading and hydrology was examined in a forested wetland. As a result of flooding, portions of the wetland are periodically exposed to elevated water temperatures, resulting in progressive deterioration of the canopy The authors chose three study sites along a gradient of canopy disturbance, most disturbed, intermediate disturbance and a least disturbed site The timing of flooding has important effects on this wetland: floods which occur late in the growing season have greater impact on the timing of litterfall and the extent of tree mortality Following a flood in May, there was no observed increase in litterfall, and woody detrital production (tree mortality) eliminated only 0.4% and 1 1% of the aboveground woody biomass at the intermediate and least disturbed sites, respectively In contrast, premature leaf senescence and litterfall were observed at the intermediate site following an August flood, and three mortality at the intermediate and least disturbed sites eliminated 10% and 8«, respectively, of the aboveground woody biomass At the most disturbed site, where the majority of trees were already dead, no additional mortality was recorded during the study EFFECTS OF FLOODING ON DECOMPOSITION AND NUTRIENT CYCLING IN A LOUISIANA SWAMP FOREST 1471302 Kemp, G. P Conner, W. H. Day, J. W.,Jr WETLANDS., vol 5, pp. 35-51 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0487 COMPANY Inst., Cent. Wetland Resour . , Louisiana State Univ USA NDN- O32-0097-2079-7 PUBL. DATE- 1985. RELATED- Coast. Ecol Baton Rouge, LA 70803, A field and laboratory study was conducted to determine decomposition rates and nutrient flux in an impounded, managed swamp forest in the headwater swamp forests of the Barataria Basin. Twenty-six percent of the nitrooen and ------- 40 percent of the phosphorus introduced into the system were retained in the swamp impoundment, mainly as a result of the settlement of particulate matter Weight loss of leaf litter in the microcosms closely followed field samples, but decomposition was more rapid and complete in the field. This greater efficiency of breakdown in the field may be the result of the exclusion of macrofauna in the microcosms and greater turbulence under field conditions. Overall results indicate that the area is a long-term sink for both nitrogen and phosphorus via the burial of partially decomposed organic matter under reduced conditions and denitrification. SELECTED ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SCIRPUS CYPERINUS AND ITS ROLE AS AN INVADER OF DISTURBED WETLANDS. 1471314 Wilcox, D. A. Pavlovic, N. B. Mueggler, M. L. WETLANDS., vol. 5, pp. 87-97 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0487 COMPANY RELATED- Natl Park Serv., Indiana Dunes Natl. Lakeshore, Porter, IN 46304, USA NDN- 032-0097-2071-0 Scirpus cyperinus (woolgrass) is a common invader of disturbed wetlands where soils have been exposed by water level reductions or vegetative cover has been reduced by various means. Its usual habitats include ditches, wet meadows, marshes, and low, muddy grounds in the eastern United States and Canada. This study documents the encroachment of a woolgrass community onto wel1-decomposed organic soils exposed when longterm, industrial-related flooding of a wetland was terminated. The ecological characteristics that enable Scirpus cyperinus to be an effective colonizer were concluded to be: the vast number of seeds produced, effective dispersal of seeds, the clinging ability of seeds with long bristles, viability of seeds stored in sediments, exclusion of other plants by a dense, perennial tussock growth form, and a fairly wide range of tolerance to environmental conditions. SHIFTS IN VEGETATION AND SITE CONDITIONS DUE TO EUTROPHICATION IN WETLANDS. 1489245 Kloetzli, F VEROEFF. GEOBOT. INST ETH STIFT. RUEBEL., vol. 87, pp. 343-361 LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Tendenzen zur Eutrophierung in Feuchtgebieten NOTES- Aspects of geobotany. TAPE ISS- 0487 COMPANY RELATED- Geobot. Inst. ETH, Stift. Ruebel, Zuerichbergstr 38, CH-8044 Zuerich, Switzerland NDN- 032-0096-3840-8 Disturbed nutrient cycles lead to new conditions in wetlands and hence to the transformation of wetland plant communities in the whole littoral including the more oligotroph mires. To ensure the existence of endangered plant communities methods have been developed to assess invading nutrient fronts. WETLAND SOIL AND MICROCLIMATE. 1450761 Patrick, W. H.,Jr Ulehlova, B. (eds.) AQUAT EOT , vol. 25, no. 2 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL DATE- 1986 TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 2. INTECOL Wetlands Conference CONF.PLACE- Trebon (Czechoslovakia) CONF.DATE- 13-23 Jun 1984 TAPE ISS- 0387 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Hydrobot., Inst. Bot., Czechoslovak Acad. Sci., CS-379 82 Trebon, Czechoslovakia NDN- 032-0096-1846-0 Less predictable hydrological changes in the catchment area, superimposed on the general climatic seasonality, affect the distribution and stratification of temperature in central European wetlands. Long-term observations in sedge--grass marsh, willow carr and shallow water bodies in Czechoslovakia suggest an efficient role of life forms, geometry of vegetation and dead litter in the seasonal and diurnal course of temperature. ------- INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC TRENDS ON WETLAND STUDIES IN THE EASTERN UNITED STATES WHICH UTILIZE TREE RING DATA. 1468375 Bowers, L. J. Gosselink, J. G. Patrick, W H.,Jr Choong, E. T WETLANDS., vol 5, pp. 191-20O LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0387 COMPANY RELATED- 4920 Cole Rd., Memphis, TN 38117, USA NDN- 032-0095-4898-8 Tree ring studies show that common growth trends occur in a large number of tree species growing throughout the eastern United States. A review of four wetland studies indicate that these trends should be taken into consideration by researchers using yearly ring width measurements to assess differing hydrologic regimes. Climatic trends may mask site variations SMALL MAMMALS OF MELALEUCA STANDS AND ADJACENT ENVIRONMENTS IN SOUTHWESTERN FLORIDA. 1437670 Sowder, A. Woodal1, S. FLA. SCI , vol 48, no. 1, pp. 44-45 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0287 COMPANY RELATED- 132 Ellett Dr , Christiansburg, VA 24073, USA NDN- 032-0095-3915-9 Late dry-season removal trapping in several wetland habitats of the southwestern Florida flatwoods caught only Peromyscus gossypinus and Sigmodon hispidus 1.7 Peromyscus per 100 trap nights in a cypress strand and only 0.2 Sigmodon ir both the cypress and a melaleuca swamp. In another melaleuca forest and its adjoining graminoid area, the authors caught no animals after 600 trap nights Results suggest poor utilization of melaleuca habitats but do not indicate appreciably greater utilization of associated non-me1 a 1euca habitats. RECOGNITION OF PEAT-FORMING PLANT COMMUNITIES FROM THEIR PEAT DEPOSITS IN TWO SOUTH SWEDISH BOG COMPLEXES. 1440457 Svensson, G. VEGETATIO., vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 95-1O8 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0287 COMPANY RELATED- Dep Plant Ecol , Univ. Lund, Oestra Vallgatan 14, S-223 61 Lund, Sweden NDN- 032-0095-1957-5 Peat samples. 3015 from 1O3 boring points, on two mires (Aakhult mire, Store Mosse mire) South Sweden, have been subjected to macrofossil analysis. Based on plant remains, 9 peat groups were distinguished in the field. A further classification using phytosociologica1 methods revealed 29 peat types. The affinities between the peat types were determined from TAbORD classification and a Reciprocal Averaging ordination. The primary floristic differentiation is correlated with a gradient from treeless to wooded stands, which coincides largely with the mire expanse mire margin gradient. The poor-rich gradient seems to parallel the treeless-wooded gradient as well and may reflect the natural conditions in this mire before it was affected by man. ACIDIC PRECIPITATION. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ACIDIC PRECIPITATION, MUSKOKA, ONTARIO, SEPTEMBER 15-20, 1985. 1444149 Mart in. H. C. (ed.) WATER AIR SOIL POLLUT., vol 30, no. 3-4 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- International Symposium on Acidic Precipitation CONF.PLACE- Muskoka, Ont. (Canada) CONF.DATE- 15-20 Sep 1985 TAPE ISS- 0287 COMPANY RELATED- Wildl. Branch, Ont. Minist. Nat. Resour , Toronto, Ont. M7A 1W3, Canada NDN- 032-0094-9495-4 A three-year study (1981 to 1983) was conducted to determine possible influences of wetland acidification on the reproduction and growth of the Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus ) This species uses emergent aquatic insect prey to feed its nestlings. Egg characteristics and nestling growth ------- were monitored for birds nesting in 26 lakes in the Killarney region near Subdury, Ontario (pH range 4.27 to 6.26) The major percentage of variation in kingbird reproductive factors including clutch initiation, egg weight loss and tarso-metatarsus bone growth was explained by differences between siblings and among nests on a single lake. A smaller percentage of the variance in reproductive parameters was explained by the variation in water chemistry among lakes. TOPOGRAPHIC FLUCTUATIONS ACROSS A SPRING FEN AND RAISED BOG IN THE LOST RIVER PEATLAND, NORTHERN MINNESOTA. 1444439 Almendinger, J. C. Almendinger, J. E. Glaser, P H. DATE- d. ECOL., vol 74, no. 2, pp. 393-401 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. TYPE- dOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0287 COMPANY RELATED- Res. Cent., Pillsbury Hall, Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, 1986 . L i mnol USA NDN- 032-0094-9281-0 A topographic survey was conducted with both laser and electronic levels across a spring fen, a raised bog and the water track (fen) between them, in the Lost River Peatland of northern Minnesota. The survey demonstrated that the spring fen consisted of a peat mound whose slopes were steeper than that of the bog. Three successive survey in 1982 and 1983 showed altitudinal changes in benchmarks fixed in trees relative to a base level on a power-line pylon located in the water track. Nearly all benchmarks rose, with the greatest rises occurring near the centres of the raised bog (11 cm) and spring fen (6 cm) in contrast to very slight rises across the water track. The most likely explanation for this altitudinal change is a swelling of the sub-surface peat in response to artesian fluid pressure generated by regional hydraulic gradients. THE ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF CAREX CHORDORRHIZA L. FIL. 1422446 Page, S. E. Rieley, d. 0. WATSONIA., vol 15, no. 3, pp. 253-259 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- dOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0187 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Univ Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK NDN- 032-0094-5001-5 The vegetation and habitat of the two British localities of Carex chordorrhiza are described. Both sites are transition mires in northern Scotland, on which C. chordorrhiza grows as a component of low-sedge lawns and shallow pools. C. chordorrhiza is a circumpolar, continental plant of boreal and subarctic regions. In the centre of its distribution it is a common plant of a wide range of transition mire communities, but in Britain, central and southern Europe it only survives as a rare glacial-relict species, usually of montane regions. TAKING STOCK OF CHANGING BROADLAND. CARTOGRAPHY 1396962 1 AIR PHOTOINTERPRETATION AND DIGITAL Fuller, R. M. Brown, N. d. Mountford, M. D. d. BIOGEOGR., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 313-326 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- dOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1286 COMPANY RELATED- NERC, Inst. Terr Ecol., Monks Wood Exp. Stn., Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon, Cambs. PE17 2LS, UK NDN- 032-0093-7907-5 Broadland was mapped from 1:10,000 scale, black-and-white, aerial photographs, using a transfer-instrument to provide optical correction of scale and tilt distortions. The accuracy of maps and data was checked against a sample of quadrats, photographed from the air, at high resolution. The results overall show that only 30% of Broadland is seminatural; that, ecologically, the most important habitats occupy only 13% of the flood plains; and that much of this remaining area is likely to be lost, without preventive management. The data have subsequently been used to construct a word processor-stored data base, for use in management and monitoring by the Broads Authority 10 ------- SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL CHANGES IN LOUISIANA'S BARATARIA BASIN MARSHES, 1945-1980. 1397217 Sasser, C. E. Dozier, M. D. Gosselink, J. G. Hill, J. M. ENVIRON. MANAGE., vol 10, no. 5, pp. 671-680 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1286 COMPANY RELATED- Coastal Ecol Inst., Cent. Wetland Resour . , Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70803-7503, USA NDN- 032-0093-7798-3 The objective of this study was to document the condition of the southwestern portion of Barataria Basin in 1945, prior to most oil and gas exploration and extraction, and at three later periods (1956, 1969, and 1980) To this end, a computerized geographic information system with site-specific change-detection capabilities was developed to document amounts, rates, locations, and sequences of loss of coastal marsh to open water in the basin. Rates of marsh loss have increased from 0.36% per year in the 1945-56 period, to 1.03% per year in 1956-69, and to 1.96% per year in 1969-80. The patterns of marsh loss indicate that the combination of processes causing degradation of the marsh surface does not affect all areas uniformily. Marsh loss rates have been highest where freshwater marshes have been subject to saltwater intrusion. The increase in the wetland loss rates corresponds to accelerated rates of subsidence and canal dredging and to a cumulative increase in the area of canals and spoil deposits. IMPLICATIONS OF MARSH SIZE AND ISOLATION FOR MARSH BIRD MANAGEMENT 1373901 Brown, M. Dinsmore, 0. J. J. WILDL. MANAGE., vol 50, no. 3, pp. 392-397 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1186 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Anim. Ecol , Iowa State Umv , Ames, IA 50011, USA NDN- O32-0093-1259-6 The number of breeding bird species in 30 Iowa prairie marshes nanged from 2 to 17/marsh during 1983 and 1984. All marshes were similar in physical characteristics, except for size and isolation from other marshes. A 2-variable regression model containing size and isolation accounted for 75% of the variation in species richness. Ten of 25 species did not occur in marshes < 5 ha. Species richness often was greater in wetland complexes than in larger isolated marshes. Marsh size and isolation are important management considerations. CLADOCERA FROM BURREN TURLOUGHS AT MULLAGH MORE, CO. CLARE. 1373937 Reynolds, J. D. BULL. IR. BIOGEOGR. SOC., no. 9, pp. 51-54 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1186 COMPANY RELATED- Dep Zool , Trinity Coll., Univ. Dublin, Dublin 2, Eire NDN- 032-0093-1242-4 The area of scarp, woodland and turloughs in the south-eastern Burren region is rated a site of international importance by An foras Forbartha (Anon., 1981), yet there is little published information on its fauna. From 1977 to 1980, ecological studies were made on the fish and invertebrate communities of a group of astatic ponds and turloughs south of Mullagh More hill Littoral and openwater collections of Entomostraca were made monthly in Lough Gealain (Lough Girraun) (R 3195), a shallow 17 ha lake with a central flooded doline, 16 m deep; Knockaunroe (R 3194), a 30 ha temporary water body, and the Trinity College Fen (R 3295), a seasonally flooded fen in a rock basin under one ha (Reynolds, 1982) Cladocerans identified from these collections and from the stomachs of 390 Juvenile sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L ) are listed here. 1 1 ------- INFLUENCE OF THE WATER BALANCE OF THE PLANTS ON THE COEXISTENCE AND THE RICHNESS OF PLANT SPECIES IN SEMI-DRY MEADOWS (MESOBROMION) 1374591 Kuhn, U. VEROEFF. GEOBOT. INST. ETH STIFT RUEBEL., vol 83 LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN PUBL. DATE- 1984. TYPE- BOOK ORIG.TITLE- Bedeutung des PIfanzenwasserhaushaltes fuer Koexistenz und Artenreichtum von Trespen-Halbtrockenrasen (Mesobromion) TAPE ISS- 1186 COMPANY RELATED- Geobot. Inst. ETH, Stiftung Ruebel, Zuerichbergstr 38, CH-8044 Zuerich, Switzerland NDN- 032-0093-0894-7 The present investigation deals with the influence of water balance and especially water deficiency on the coexistence and richness of plant species in semi-dry meadow ecosystems. The ecophysiol ogica 1 behaviour of six species (Bromus erectus, Dactyl is glomerate, Salvia pratensis, Plantago lanceolata , Trifolium pratense and Taraxacum officinale ) was investigated under different water conditions in the growth room and in the field. INFLUENCE OF DRAINAGE ON N-MINERALIZATION AND VEGETATION RESPONSE IN WET MEADOWS I. CALTHION PALUSTRIS STANDS. 1374754 Grootjans, A. P Schipper, P C. van der Windt, H. J. ACTA DECOL. (OECOL. PLANT.)., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 403-417 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1186 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Plant Ecol , Univ. Groningen, Biol Cent., P.O. Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, GN, Netherlands NDN- 032-O093-08O4-5 A lowering of the groundwater table in a poorly fertilized hay meadow, classified as Calthion palustris , stimulated the net N-mineralization by 5-10 folds. The vegetation responded with increased yields, expansion of nitrophilous herbs viz. Urtica dioica, Anthriscus sylvestris, Stellaria media and a drop in species richness. Most of the mineralized NO sub(3)@>)u- was absorbed by plant roots, but after mowing the NO sub(3)@>)u- accumulated in the top soil. The N-mineralization rates were extremely high, not only in a dry year (1976), but in a wet year (1979) as well Severe drainage of the fen peat soil appeared to change the peat structure irreversibly This is probably the reason why these soil types become inclined to rapid mineralization, even in wet periods. NEW LITERATURE ON SPHAGNUM 1360216 Sj oers, H. SVEN. EOT. TIDSKR., vol. 80, no. 4, pp. 271-272 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Nytt om vitmossor TAPE ISS- 1086 COMPANY RELATED- Vaextbiol Inst., Box 559, S-751 22 Uppsala, Sweden NDN- 032-OO91-7913-6 A number of recent advances in the fields of taxonomy, floristics and ecology of the genus Sphagnum are reviewed. The present author admits that his own Sphagnum subfulvum from 1945 is conspecific with S. nitidurn Warnst., published in 1985, and thus goes into synonymy (GLYCERIO DECLINATAE-CATABR05ETUM AOUATICAE A NEW ORANTABRICAN ASSOCIATION OF GLYCERIO-SPARGANION BR .-BL . AND SISSINGH IN BOER 1942.). 1360644 Diaz Gonzales, T E. Penas Merino, A. STUD. EOT., vol. 3, pp. 247-254 LANGUAGE(S)- SPANISH PUBL. DATE- 1984 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Glycerio declinatae-Catabrosetum aquaticae una nueva asociation oracantabrica de la Glycerio-Sparganion Br -Bl and Sissingh in Boer 1942 TAPE ISS- 1086 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Fac. Biol , Univ. Leon, Leon, Spain NDN- 032-0091-7613-4 The authors define for the Ubinense-Picoeuropeano Sector (Oracantabric Province) a new association: Glycerio declinate-Catabrosetum aquaticae nova, belonging Glycerio-Sparganion Br -Bl. & Sissingh in Boer 1942. 12 ------- SEEDLING RECRUITMENT OF 11 WETLAND PLANT SPECIES ALONG A WATER LEVEL GRADIENT- SHARED OR DISTINCT RESPONSES? 1360749 Keddy. P A. Ellis, T H. CAN. J. BOT , vol 63, no. 10, pp. 1876-1879 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1086 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol , Univ. Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. K1N 6N5, Canada NDN- 032-0091-7526-1 Where many different plant species occupy an environmental gradient, the responses of their offspring to that gradient could show one of two patterns. All species could have similar requirements for maximum recruitment, in which case all would show maximum germination and emergence in the same regions of the gradient ("shared responses"). Alternatively, each species could have different requirements for recruitment and therefore would show maximum recruitment in different regions of the gradient ("distinct responses"). The objective of this study was to test between these two alternatives in plants occurring along a water level gradient Seeds of 11 wetland species were allowed to germinate in sand along a gradient of water depth, ranging from 10 cm above to 5 cm below the substrate surface. Scirpus americanus, S. validus, Sagittaria latifolia , Typha angustifolia , and Lythrum salicaria showed no significant response to this gradient, while Spartina pectinata , Polygonum punctatum , Bidens cernua, Acorus calamus, Alisma piantago-aquatica , and Eupatorium perforliatum did. THE EFFECT OF NUTRIENT ADDITION AND LOWERING OF THE WATER TABLE ON SHOOT BIOMASS AND SPECIES COMPOSITION OF A WET GRASSLAND COMMUNITY (CIRSIO-MOLINIETUM ) SISS. ET DE VRIES, 1942. 1361321 Vermeer, H. J. G. ACTA OECOL. (OECOL. PLANT.)., vol 7, no. 2, pp. 145-155 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1O86 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Plant Ecol , Univ. Utrecht, Lange Nieuwstr 106, 3512 PN Utrecht, Netherlands NDN- 032-0091-7208-6 Two experiments were carried out to establish what effects nutrient addition (N, P) and lowering of the ground water level have on the shoot biomass and species composition of a Cirsio-Mo 1 inietum community In both experiments fertilization with N resulted in a significantly larger shoot biomass than did the other fertilizer treatment. It is concluded that nitrogen is the main factor limiting plant growth. Addition of N also resulted in an increase in the amounts of both N and P accumulated in the shoot material The nitrogen concentration (Mg/g plant) in the shoot material increased upon lowering of the water level Phosphate availability in the soil and the total amount of P stored in the plant material are largest under inundated conditions. The species composition and the contribution of the individual species to the shoot biomass production are also affected by changes in water 1evel THE EFFECT OF NUTRIENTS ON SHOOT BIOMASS AND SPECIES COMPOSITION OF WETLAND AND HAYFIELD COMMUNITIES. 1361347 Vermeer, H. J. G. ACTA OECOL. (OECOL. PLANT ) , vol 7, no. 1, pp. 31-41 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1086 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Plant Ecol , Univ. Utrecht, Lange Nieuwstr 106, 3512 PN Utrecht, Netherlands NDN- 032-0091-7193-2 The effects of increased nutrient availability on the shoot biomass and the species composition of the vegetation of a fen, a wet grassland and a hayfield was studied by means of an experiment carried out in the "Vechtplassen" area in the central part of the Netherlands. Main purpose of the study was to find out which nutrients limit growth in these systems Results are consistent with the results found for the nutrient concentrations in the plant material The addition of nutrients was also found to affect the proportional biomass contribution of the individual species to the total aboveground biomass of the vegetation. In the fen 13 ------- proportional contribution of the grasses, in particular Holcus lanatus , increased after the addition of N. In the wet grassland all fertilization treatments caused an increase in the proportion of the grasses (mainly Molinia coerulea ) The results of this study point to a negative relationship between increasing nutrient availability and species diversity in the plant communities studied. BIOMASS OF SHRUB-DOMINATED WETLANDS IN MINNESOTA. 1361689 Connolly-McCarthy, B. J. Grigal, D. F FOR SCI vol 31 no. 4, pp. 1011-1017 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1086 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Soil Sci. and For Resour , Univ. Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA NDN- 032-0091-7005-4 Aboveground shrub biomass was estimated in 34 shrub-dominated wetlands in northern Minnesota, representing a range of stocking. Salix was dominant in most wetlands, although a few were dominated by Alnus rugosa and Betula pumila . Shrub biomass ranged from 0.5 to 71.5 Mg ha super(-1) with an arithmetic mean of 11.2 Mg ha super(-1) PROCEEDINGS OF THE NINETEENTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT VOLUME 2. 21-25 OCTOBER 1985, ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN. 1371410 Ormsby, J. P Gervin, J. C. Nickeson, J. E. Willey, G. pp. 799-808 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- (1985). TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 19. International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment CONF.PLACE- Ann Arbor, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 21-25 Oct 1985 TAPE ISS- 1086 COMPANY RELATED- Environmental Research Inst. of Michigan, Ann Arbor (USA) NASA, Goddard Space Flight Cent., Code 624, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA NDN- 032-0091-0792-0 A mid-fall (November 2, 1982, WRS 40109-15140) Landsat-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) scene and multi-temporal L-band radar data were used to study the physical boundaries, structure and composition of biotic communities within the Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge. The study area is close to the Chesapeake Bay, whose tidal fluctuations interact with the fresh water rivers and creeks to create a complex, brackish wetland. The wetland communities, as a result, are influenced by both salt and fresh water producing an everchanging environment. These constant changes leave the area open to erosion and siltation. The TM data were used to delineate forest, open water, agriculture and various wetland communities (e.g. grasses such as Distichlis , Olneyi , and Typha PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WATER QUALITY MODELLING IN THE INLAND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT, BOURNEMOUTH, ENGLAND, 10-13 JUNE, 1986. 1371505 Stanbury, J. (ed.) pp. 403-419 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- International Conference on Water Quality Modelling in the Inland Natural Environment CONF.PLACE- Bournemouth (UK) CONF.DATE- 10-13 Jun 1986 ISBN- ISBN 0-947711-16-3 TAPE ISS- 1086 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Geogr. , University Coll London, Gower St., London WC1E 6BT UK NDN- 032-0091-0772-A The perennial lake and freshwater marshes in the Tunisian National Park at Ichkeul have their importance recognized under three international conventions. The present regime of freshwater floods in winter and drought induced salinity in the summer stimulates the massive growth of pondweed and bulrushes that feeds the wintering waterfowl and maintains, the commercial fishery The damming of the major rivers and the diversion of 53% of the annual flow for cities and irrigation outside the catchment threatens a major ecological change. A computer model of the water and salt balance is used to extend the existing data and to evaluate management options for the National Park and the fishery. 14 ------- ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS IN NORTHWEST FRESHWATER WETLANDS. 1323311 Sanville, w. D. Ellens, H. P Boss, T R. Pfleeger, T G. ENVIRON. MANAGE., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 125-134 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0986 COMPANY RELATED- U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA NDN- 032-0090-9111-0 Wetland environmental characteristics are examined to determine their spatial and temporal relationships. Two very different Oregon freshwater wetlands provided a range of wetland types. Results are evaluated to determine the possible use of environmental characteristics in defining wetlands and their boundaries. Representative physical, hydrological, and edaphic properties were periodically measured in microplots along upland/wetland transects. A multivariate approach is stressed in the data analysis; correlation, cluster analysis, and principal components analyses were used. The results indicate the environmental characteristics change in a quantifiable manner both spatially and temporally. The controlling mechanism is moisture, spatially in terms of the upland/wetland transect and temporally with respect to seasonal response. These changes do not correlate well with vegetation. THE MIRE-WETLAND ECOSYSTEM: UOINT SYMPOSIUM SPONSORED BY THE CANADIAN BOTANICAL ASSOCIATION, THE BOTANICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, AND THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA, AUGUST 10, 1983, UNIVERSITY OF NORTH DAKOTA, GRAND FORKS, NORTH . DAKOTA. 1334371 Green, D. R. Stull, J. K. Heesen, T C. CAN. J. EOT , vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 362-467 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE CONF.NAME- Symposium on the Mire-Wetland Ecosystem CONF.PLACE- Grand Forks, ND (USA) CONF.DATE- 10 Aug 1983 TAPE ISS- 0986 NDN- 032-OO90-5323-4 This symposium, held during the 34th Annual Meeting of the American Institute of Biological Sciences at the University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, consisted of 11 presentations, 8 of which are published here. Each attempts a synthesis of the area and the presentation of new ideas and original research of the author VEGETATIONAL GRADIENTS IN RELATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN NORTHWESTERN EUROPEAN MIRES. 1334695 Ma 1mer, N. CAN. J. BOT , vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 375-383 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE CONF.NAME- Symposium on the Mire-Wetland Ecosystem CONF.PLACE- Grand Forks, ND (USA) CONF.DATE- 10 Aug 1983 TAPE ISS- 0986 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Plant Ecol , Lund Univ., Oestra Vallgatan 14, S-223 61, Lund, Sweden NDN- 032-0090-5291-6 F1 oristical1y characterized gradients related to (i) mire surface microtopography, (ii) marginal versus central areas, (iii) ombrotrophy and minerotrophy ("poor and rich mires"), and (iv) distance from the sea can be recognized in the mire vegetation of northwestern Europe. Along these gradients variation occurs in (i) oscillations in the water level, (ii) origin and flow of water, and (iii) supply of minerals. These conditions influence the decay processes and the resulting peat accumulation rate, pH, mineral nutrient supply, and productivity. The differences between marginal and open areas result from differences in nutrient supply (N,P,K), while the differences between "poor and rich" mires are due to differences in the reactions of the peat. In Sphagnum -dominated vegetation, most floristic variation results from effects of differences in peat accumulation rates. Climatic conditions, other than atmospheric supply of minerals, are most important in establishing the regional floristic differences in the bog vegetat i on. 15 ------- HYDROLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF OMBROGENOUS PEAT BOGS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NUTRIENT RELOCATION IN A WESTERN NEWFOUNDLAND BOG. 1334705 Damman, A. W. H. CAN. J. EOT., vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 384-394 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE CONF.NAME- Symposium on the Mire-Wetland Ecosystem CONF.PLACE- Grand Forks, ND (USA) CONF.DATE- 10 Aug 1983 TAPE ISS- 0986 COMPANY RELATED- Ecol. Sect., Biol. Sci. Group, Univ. Connecticut, Storrs, CT OS268, USA NDN- O32-0090-5288-8 Ombrogenous bogs differ fundamentally from other peatlands in their hydrology, and this affects peat accumulation and bog development as well as the elemental concentrations in peat and water In oceanic and northern parts of the raised bog zone, the surface of the bog center remains below the critical profile of the water mound because factors other than moisture supply limit its maximum height. In the surface peat, Na and K decrease with depth, whereas other elements increase to a greater or smaller extent. Most elements occur in surprisingly low concentrations below the anaerobic level In an ombrotrophic bog in western Newfoundland, Na, Mg, and Ca concentrations of bog water were 5,4--5, and 0.5 times higher, respectively, than in precipitation. K and Mg increased downslope, especially in spring, but not during the vegetation season. In July and August, 20-30% of the Mg, 75-80% of the K, and 93% of the Ca are removed from the precipitation while the water seeps over the bog. Uptake by vegetation is primarily responsible, but Ca is mostly adsorbed on the peat. Increased water flow, rather than higher nutrient concentration, appears to account for the occurrence of more nutrient demanding species, such as Nymphaea odorata and Utricularia vulgaris , in the pools of the lower slope. RAISED BOGS IN EASTERN NORTH AMERICA: TRANSITIONS IN LANDFORMS AND GROSS STRATIGRAPHY 1334727 Glaser, P H. Janssens, J. A. CAN. J. EOT., vol. 64, no. 2, pp. 395-415 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE CONF.NAME- Symposium on the Mire-Wetland Ecosystem CONF.PLACE- Grand Forks, ND (USA) CONF.DATE- 10 Aug 1983 TAPE ISS- 0986 COMPANY RELATED- Limnol. Res. Cent., Univ. Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA NDN- 032-0090-5285-4 A regional survey of 60 raised bogs was made in eastern North America to determine the geographic patterns of bog landforms and gross peat stratigraphy. Three major types of bogs were identified: (i) midcontiental forested bogs with a longitudinal crest, radiating lines of forest growth, and an actively growing surface of loose Sphagnum hummocks, (ii) non-forested northern or maritime bogs with a convex or plateau shape, various networks of pools, hollows, and firm compact hummocks, and a more slowly growing surface that produces deeply humified bands or recurrence surfaces throughout the peat profile, and (iii) semiforested continental bogs with a forested crest, networks of linear hummocks and flat hollow on the lower flanks, and shallow expanding pools on the hollows. The peat stratigraphy on these semiforested bogs is also intermediate with recurrence bands in the compact upper portions of the profile, becoming looser and more irregular toward the bottom. FLORISTICS OF THE BARATARIA BASIN WETLANDS, LOUISIANA. 1336273 Conner. W. H. Sasser. C. E. Barker, N. CASTANEA., vol 51, no. 2, pp. 111-128 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0986 COMPANY RELATED- Coast. Ecol Inst., Cent. Wetland Resour., Louisiana State Univ., Baton Rouge, LA 70803-7503, USA NDN- 032-0090-4489-0 A survey of the vascular flora of the Barataria Basin, an interdistributary coastal basin in the Mississippi deltaic plain, contains six types of vegetative communities: bottomland hardwood forest, swamp, freshwater marsh, brackish marsh, salt marsh, and successional types of disturbed areas. The survey resulted in a vascular plant of 113 families, 313 genera, and 523 16 ------- spec 1es . FEDERAL AND STATE MANAGEMENT OF INLAND WETLANDS: ARE STATES READY TO ASSUME CONTROL? 1336389 Glubiak, P G. Nowka, R. H. Mitsch, W. J. ENVIRON. MANAGE., vol 10, no. 2, pp. 145-156 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0986 COMPANY RELATED- Sch. Nat. Resour , Ohio State Univ , Columbus, OH 43210, USA NDN- 032-0090-4411-3 As inland wetlands face increasing pressure for development, both the federal government and individual states have begun reevaluating their respective wetland regulatory schemes. This article focuses first on the effectiveness of the past, present, and proposed federal regulations, most notably the Section 404, Dredge and Fill Permit Program, in dealing with shrinking wetland resources. The article then addresses the status of state involvement in this largely federal area, as well as state preparedness to assume primacy should federal priorities change. Finally, the subject of comprehensive legislation for wetland protection is investigated, and the article concludes with some procedural suggestions for developing a model 1 aw . THE BLACK RIVER LOWER MORASS: A THREATENED WETLAND IN JAMAICA. Garr i ck , L . D 1336742 ORYX , vol. 20, pp. 155-160 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0986 COMPANY RELATED- 192 Tichenor Ave., South Orange, NJ 07079, USA NDN- 032-0090-4371-9 The Black River Lower Morass is Jamaica's largest wetland, and is a refuge for two endangered species-the American crocodile and the West Indian manatee-as well as for a host of other plants and animals. It is internationally important for many birds and a vital economic resource for 20.OOO people. Proposals for peat mining and drainage for agriculture now threaten this valuable area. The author has a long-standing interest in the wetland, having studied the American crocodile there since 1975. THE IMPACT OF LITTER AND ANNUAL PLANTS ON RECRUITMENT FROM THE SEED BANK OF A LACUSTINE WETLAND. 1336749 van der Valk, A. G. AOUAT EOT , vol 24, no. 1, pp. 13-26 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0986 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Iowa State Univ , Ames, IA 50011, USA NDN- 032-0090-4367-2 In an experimental marsh complex, 2 years of high water killed most of the emergent vegetation. During 1983, the first year of a 2-year drawdown, immediately following this period of high water, field experiments invlving the removal of fallen emergent, filamentous algal and mixed litter were established. The removal of litter significantly increased the number of species and the number of individuals of a species recruited from the seen bank. The addition of a mat of Typha litter in June 1983, at five sites that were free of litter, reduced seedling recruitment from the seed bank almost completely in both 1983 and 1984. the removal of 1982-standing litter, from sites at higher elevations that were invaded by Typha or Phragmites during the high water period, also increased the number of species and the number of individuals of species compared with the controls in 1983. 17 ------- A QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUE FOR ESTIMATING THE BOUNDARIES OF WETLANDS FROM VEGETATION DATA. 1336858 Sharp, M. J. Keddy, P A. ENVIRON. MANAGE., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 107-112 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- O986 COMPANY RELATED- Landplan Collaborative Ltd., 319 Woolwich St., Guelph, Ont. N1H 3W4, Canada NDN- 032-0090-4307-A There is an increasing need for the accurate delineation of wetlands for planning and conservation purposed. The authors propose a method based on vegetation zonation which requires three steps. The first step is to examine transects crossing the transition zone from marsh to upland. In each transect the uppermost occurrence of each plant species is located relative to a fixed survey point. The second step is to determine which of these species are hydrophytes (wetland plants). This is assessed using the presence or absence of morphological and physiological adaptations for growing in wet environments. Alternatively, a literature search using botanical manuals may suffice. The third step determines the upper limit of the wetland by finding the upper limit of the uppermost hydrophyte in each transect, and taking the mean value of these over all transects. REMOTE SENSING OF COASTAL WETLANDS. 1311907 Hardisky, M. A. Gross, M. F Klemas, V BIOSCIENCE., vol. 36, no. 7, pp. 453-460 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- O8Q6 COMPANY RELATED- Biol Dep., Umv Scranton, Scranton, PA 18510, USA NDN- 032-0089-6165-3 Coastal wetlands form a highly productive buffer zone between the sea and the upland. They play an important role in carbon reduction (energy fixation), nutrient assimilation, geochemica1 cycling, water storage, sediment stabi1ization,and as a nursery habitat for fish and invertebrates. Until the late 1960s, most wetlands research took an academic approach, examining the ecology of these ubiquitous coastal habitats. Once the probable values of wetlands began to emerge, legislative activity at the state and national level (Haueisen 1973) mandated governmental agencies to inventory wetlands and regulate their use. The need for a rapid, cost-effective method for mapping large tracts of wetlands necessitated the use of remote sensing. WILDFOWL, WETLANDS AND EDUCATION. 1312144 Hulyer, D. J. BIOL. EDUC., vol. 19, no. 3, p. 204 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 08Q6 COMPANY RELATED- The Wildfowl Trust, Slimbridge, Gloucestershire GL2 7BT, UK NDN- 032-0089-6050-2 NO-ABSTRACT SOME MIRE SYSTEMS IN JAPAN. 1312385 Gimi ngham, C. H. TRANS. EOT SDC . EDINB., vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 169-176 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 08Q6 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot. , Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK NDN- 032-0089-5986-9 Some examples of different types of mires in Japan are described and compared with their European counterparts. The parallels in ecosystem development and vegetation physiognomy with mires in equivalent habitats in Europe are striking. Numerous species are common to both, in other cases closely related species fill similar niches. In some instances, however, a given species displays marked ecological differences in the two regions. The flood plain mires of Hokkaido and the mires of Oze and Kirigamine are among the finest examples of their kind in the world. Those in the mountain 18 ------- districts are adequately protected in national parks: it the lowland mires of Hokkaido require further protection. suggested that COMPARISON OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE SALT MARSHES IN GALVESTON BAY COMPLEX, TEXAS. 1312449 Webb, J. W. Newling, C. J. WETLANDS., vol 4, pp. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE Dep., Texas A&M Univ., 75-86 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984 TAPE ISS- 0806 COMPANY RELATED- Mar. Biol Galveston, TX 77553, USA NDN- 032-0089-5967-1 Vegetation characteristics of three natural marshes and one marsh that was experimentally establised on dredged material in 1976 and 1977 were compared in the Galveston Bay Complex, Texas. During fall 1978, six replicate samples of below-ground and above-ground measurements were taken at each of three elevations. Five elevations were sampled in 1979. Greater quantities of live above-ground biomass per m super(2) were collected at the man-made marsh than at natural marsh areas. The broad range of values for each of the vegetation parameters measured in each marsh, and the variation by elevation indicated that differences probably were not related to experimental establishment. Differences probably reflected environmental conditions at each area. WETLAND AND LAKE EVAPORATION IN LOW ARCTIC. 1246834 Roulet, N. T Woo, M -k. ARCT ALP. RES., vol 18, no. 2, pp. 195-2OO LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- O686 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Geogr , York Univ., North York, Ont. M3J 1P3, Canada NDN- 032-0088-8648-8 Evaporation from wetland and lake surfaces in the continuous permafrost region of the Low Arctic was studied using an energy balance Bowen ratio approach and lysimeter measurements respectively Daily evaporation was also estimated using the Priestley-Taylor model Over the summer, mean evaporation from the wetland and lake were similar, but day-to-day variation was large at times. Differences of available energy and surface roughness between the lake and wetland surface produce a larger Priestly-Taylor alpha value for wetland evaporation. The approach presented in this paper can be used to estimate evaporation for wetland and lake surfaces in the low arctic reg i on. MAIN ASPECTS OF THE VEGETATION OF DAMP ZONES OF THE ESTUARY OF THE LOIRE. 1247147 Dupont, P BULL. SOC. EOT FR., LETT. BOT , vol 133, no. 1, pp. 41-60 LANGUAGE(S)- FRENCH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Principaux aspects de la vegetation des zones humides de 1'estuaire de la Loire TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- Lab. Ecol, et Phytogeogr , Inst. Sci Natl , 44072 Nantes Cedex, France NDN- 032-O088-8471-2 Spacious damp zones run along the Loire between Nantes and Saint-Nazaire. In spite of important transformations, the vegetation is very diversified. On the south side, below Paimboeuf, there are halophilous communities, beyond the flora changes with the diminution of salinity All along the river, are seen interesting and varied communities. Owing to the importance of the sedimentation some slimy zones are gradually colonized by the vegetation. On the islands of Chevalier and Pierre-Rouge can followed the phases of the colonization and the evolution until the pasture. It is similar on the old arms of the Loire that filling up gradually Large areas of marshes and meadows are in the inner parts. Some districts have a very good grass value. All this vegetation is threatened by the present arrangings. It is essential to preserve spacious areas. 19 ------- GERMINATION OF TEN SHORELINE PLANTS IN RELATION TO SEED SIZE, SOIL PARTICLE SIZE AND WATER LEVEL. AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY 1247385 Keddy, P A. Constabel, P J. ECOL., vol 74, no. 1, pp. 133-141 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986, 'TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE iss- oese COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol , Univ Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. K1N 6N5, Canada NDN- 032-0088-8333-6 Lakeshore plants are distributed along a gradient of exposure to waves, from sheltered bays to exposed shorelines. Soil particle sizes very along this gradient, and may influence germination and early establishment. The authors therefore tested whether species with different-sized seeds germinate at different positions along a particle-sized gradient. In particular, they tested whether there was a shared preference over all species for one position on this gradient. Seeds of ten wetland plants (Acorus calamus, Alisma piantago-aquatica, Bidens cernua, B. vulgata , Cyperus aristatus, Lythrum salicaria, Polygonum punctatum, Sagittaria latifolia , Scirpus americanus, Typha angustifolia ) were vernalized and then sown along a particle-size gradient with seven stages ranging from 0 multiplied by 125-0 multiplied by 250 to 8-16 mm. Two water levels, 1 cm and 4 cm below the soil surface, were provided. The proportion of seeds producing established seedlings was determined for each particle size and each species (n = 5 repli cates) RELATIONSHIPS OF SEED BANKS TO PLANT DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS IN A FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND. 1247459 Parker, V. T Leek, M. A. AM. J. EOT , vol. 72, no. 2, pp. 161-174 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- O686 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol Sci., San Francisco State Univ., 1600 Holloway Ave. , San Francisco, CA 94132, USA NDN- 032-0088-8303-1 Study of seed banks, field seedling emergence, and survival of macrophytes in four zones (steep bank-SB; gentle bank-GB; midbank-MB; high marsh-HM) along transects perpendicular to a stream channel in a freshwater tidal wetland showed that many species are widely distributed. Of the 35 species in the seed bank, 50% were common to all zones; of the 2O species emerging in the field, 77% were observed in all zones. Density of seeds, seedlings, and mature plants of most species, however, varied significantly with habitat. The seed bank of each zone reflected the dominant vegetation of that zone. Most species, even those with high potential for water dispersal, were not evenly distributed. Reciprocal transplants and survival persistence data of dominants corresponded with their habitat preferences. Seed bank densities differed from zone to zone. In all zones the maximum field seedling density was less than the comparable seed bank one. WETLANDS OF THE NEW JERSEY PINE BARRENS: THE ROLE OF SPECIES COMPOSITION IN COMMUNITY FUNCTION. 1247530 Ehrenfeld, J. G. AM. MIDI. NAT., vol 115, no. 2, pp. 301-313 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- Cent. Coastal and Environ. Stud., Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA NDN- 032-0088-8273-2 Of the 25% of the New Jersey Pine Barrens that is wetland, about 6O% consists of hardwood-dominated or pitch pine-dominated communities. Although these swamps have different dominant trees, the shrub and herb layers share many species, and the types intergrade. Twelve stands representing four variants of these swamps were sampled for species composition, biornass, net primary production and nitrogen dynamics. Pine lowlands, which have large numbers of small trees and a dense layer of small shrubs, have a low total stand biomass (56 mt/ha), but a high NPP (8,027 kg/ha/year). Because of physical damage from moving water and flotsam, hardwood swamps affected by stream floodwaters have lower biomass (133 mt/ha) and NPP (5,434 kg/ha/year) than do swamps with either short hydroperiods or long hydroperiods of stationary to slowly moving floodwater (biomass 146-150 mt/ha, NPP 20 ------- 5,857-6,643 kg/ha/year) CHANGES IN A WETLAND PLANT ASSOCIATION INDUCED BY IMPOUNDMENT AND DRAINING. 1247613 Thibodeau, F R. Nickerson, N. H. BIOL. CONSERV., vol 33, no. 2, pp. 269-280 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE IS5- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- Cent. Plant Conserv., Arnold Arboretum, Harvard Univ., Arborway, Jamaica Plain, MA 02130, USA NDN- 032-0088-8236-8 In 1977 a newly constructed gravel access road blocked water flow across a shrub swamp In Tewksbury, Massachusetts, draining one section and impounding another. Within one year, the vegetation in the drained area shifted substantially toward a denser and more species-rich association. After three years the changes slowed, but they had not stopped after six. Many of these changes would not be expected to reverse themselves once a more normal flooding pattern was established. In the newly flooded area there was little change for the first three years, but after that time many species began to decline in numbers, with the most pronounced effect occurring after five years. Even short-term alterations in the flooding cycle can be expected to have substantial and long-lasting effecte on wetland vegetation. BIOLOGY OF MEIOFAUNA. 1192190 Help, C. (ed.) HYDROBIOLOGIA., vol 118, no. 1 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984 TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 5. International Meiofauna Conference CONF.PLACE- Gent (Belgium) CONF.DATE- 16-2O Aug 1983 TAPE ISS- O686 COMPANY RELATED- Dep . Invertebr Zool , IZ-NHB-163, Natl. Mus. Nat. Hist., Smithson. Inst., Washington, DC 20560, USA NDN- 032-O088-6O46-6 The wet campo ("campo umido") marsh type is widely distributed in the cerrado region of central Brazil A typical freshwater meiofaunal community develops in those wet campos where soils remain moist throughout the year (moisture content more than about 60% of soil wet weight). Such a community was studied from 1979-1982 in a wet campo in a protected natural area on the Fazenda Agua Limpa of the Universidade de Brasilia. It was dominated by nematodes, rotifers and harpactiocoid copepods, and included protozoans, turbe11arians, cyclopoid copepods, cladocerans, ostracods, oligochetes, hydracarines and several families of aquatic insect larvae. This community was most fully developed in the wetter areas. Speices richness of the copepod community is the highest yet recorded in a freshwater system The 29 species of harpacticoid copepods and 4 species of cyclopoid copepods displayed pronunced zonation which seemed best correlated with soil moisture content and water regime. THE HISTORY OF DRAINAGE AT WICKEN FEN, CAMBRIDGESHIRE, ENGLAND, AND ITS RELEVANCE TO CONSERVATION. 1192394 Rowel 1 , T A. BIOL. CONSERV., vol 35, no. 2, pp. 111-142 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Physio! and Environ. Sci., Univ. Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK NDN- 032-0088-5984-3 Wicken Sedge Fen is a wetland reserve that has suffered a lowered water table in recent years, and this has been cited as responsible for a subsequent loss of typical plant species, the contraction of typical plant communities, and an influx of some new species assemblages. The drainage regime has, however, been extremely variable in the past as a result of drainage activity involving the piecemeal draining of nearby land, and cycles of failure, reinstatement, and occasional improvement of drainage structures. Efficient modern drainage destroyed these cycles and permanently lowered the water table. While the lowered water table can be implicated in some ecological changes at Wicken Fen, other factors, notably the mowing regime, have also been important. It is suggested that all desirable plant communities could be maintained or created at Wicken by partitioning the site, manipulating the water table locally, and maintaining traditional 21 ------- management where appropriate. THE INFLUENCE OF MICROTOPOGRAPHIC HETEROGENEITY ON CARBON DIOXIDE EFFLUX FROM A SUBARCTIC BOG. 1192401 Luken, J. 0. Billings, W. D. HOLARCT ECOL., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 306-312 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol. Sci . , Northern Kentucky Univ., Highland Heights, KY 41076, USA NDN- 032-0088-5982-7 Soil carbon dioxide efflux was measured in hummock and hollow microhabitats of a subarctic peat bog near fairbanks, Alaska, during the 1983 growing season. Regardless of the presence of permafrost, hummocks showed a late June or early July peak in soil respiration followed by a gradual decrease. Hollows and wet Carex Lawns showed a gradual increase in soil respiration with no mid-season peaks. Regression equations using soil temperature and soil moisture as independent variables explained 76% of the variance associated with soil carbon dioxide efflux. Sucrose (100 g m super(-S)) applied to a field plot caused a significant increase in soil respiration but nitrogen (5 g m super(-2)) did not. Sequential effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on peat respiration were demonstrated in a laboratory exper iment. IRON TOXICITY TO PLANTS IN BASE-RICH WETLANDS: COMPARATIVE EFFECTS ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH OF EPILOBIUM HIRSUTUM L. AND JUNCUS SUBNODULOSUS SCHRANK. 1199807 Wheeler, B. D. Al-Farra, M. M. Cook, R. E. D. NEW PHYTOL., vol. 100, no. 4, pp. 653-669 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Univ., Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK NDN- 032-0088-3555-8 The distribution of two common species in base-rich wetlands, E. hirsutum L. and J. subnodulosus Schrank, as dominant species within a small, spring-fed fen is correlated with high concentrations of iron present in the areas marked by superficial precipitated iron ochre. E. hirsutum was confined to the less iron-rich parts. Other chemical variables (including P) showed little relationship to Epilobium distribution. In laboratory conditions, growth of E. hirsutum seedlings on waterlogged substrata from the same fen was much less on iron-rich than lower-iron soil, but J. subnodulosus seedlings showed no differential response. Growth of E. hirsutum on iron-rich soil was slightly ameliorated by addition of P but remained low relative to that on 1ow-iron soil. Growth of J. subnodulosus was not increased by P addition. WETLAND VALUES AND PROTECTION STRATEGIES: A STUDY OF LANDOWNER ATTITUDES IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO. 1199812 Kreutzwiser, R. D. Pietraszko, L. J. J. ENVIRON. MANAGE., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 13-23 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1986. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Geogr , Univ. Guelph, Guelph, Ont. N1G 2W1 Canada NDN- 032-0088-3551-8 This paper examines landowner attitudes toward wetland values and potential wetland protection methods, and the relationship between these attitudes and selected characteristics of landowners and the land base. Data were collected through interviews with 120 rural wetland owners in southern Ontario. Landowners tend to have a rather restricted awareness of wetland values, although the responses indicate some appreciation for ecologically related values. A paired comparison analysis of preferences for potential methods of wetland protection shows that the majority of owners prefer methods which are least stringent and impose few restrictions, including education-advisory services and property tax incentives. A number of factors are important in discriminating differences in attitudes. Generally, characteristics of the landowner appear to evoke differences in attitudes toward wetland values, while attributes of the land base seem related to preferences for protection methods. 22 ------- SOILS OF SWAMPS IN THE APALACHICOLA, FLORIDA, ESTUARY Coultas, C . L . 1 199918 FLA. SCI,, vol 47, no. 2, pp. 98-106 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- Route 2, Box 715, Havana, FL 32333, USA NDN- 032-0088-3487-3 Selected soils in swamps of the Apalachicol a, Florida estuary were sampled and analyzed. Three great groups, Su1fihernists, Sulfaquents, and Fluvaquents were found. These soils were wet, moderately acid, high in clay content, and low in salinity. Kaolinite, vermiculite, quartz, and mica were the principal clay-sized minerals. Decisions concerning agronomic utilization of these soils should be carefully made because of their high potential acidity, low-bearing strength, and frequent flooding. ECOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS AMONG PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE, CATTAIL AND WILDLIFE AT THE MONTE2UMA NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE. 1200261 Rawinski, T J. Malecki, R. A. N.Y FISH GAME J., vol 31, no. 1, pp. 81-87 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- 12 Pilgrim Rd., Duxbury, MA 02332, USA NDN- 032-0088-3261-5 Interrelationships among purple loosestrife, cattail and wildlife were studied at the Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge in central New York from 1978 to 1980. Stem densities of loosestrife increased in comparison with cattail when water levels were low and mud flats were exposed for seedling establishment. Permanent standing water (mean depth 40 centimeters) decreased loosestrife density, as did heavy interspersion with cattail Muskrat activity favored expansion of loosestrife by selectively removing cattail Grazing by white-tailed deer had little effect on loosestrife. Muskrats and long-billed marsh wrens used cattail stands almost exclusively, while red-winged blackbirds clearly preferred loosestrife The ecological consequences of loosestrife invasion into a marsh are discussed. PEATLANDS AND FOREST DRAINAGE IN QUEBEC, CANADA. 12011O3 Schne i der, H . SUO., vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 19-24 LANGUAGE(S)- FINNISH PUBL. DATE- 1986 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Ouebecin soista ja metsaeojitustoiminnasta TAPE ISS- O686 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Peatland For., Univ. Helsinki, Unioninkatu 40 B, SF-00170 Helsinki, Finland NDN- 032-0088-2861-9 The interest in peatland forestry in Quebec is increasing as the peatlands of the St-Lawrence valley are considered to have a good drainage response capacity A relatively important forest drainage project is being carried out on a practical scale. However, the lack of a practically oriented peatland classification system is an important drawback. This paper is an attempt to produce a preliminary classification system intended for practical peatland forestry ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF WETLANDS INVENTORY MAPS FOR DETERMINING POTENTIAL BEAVER HABITAT 1201212 Gotie, R. F Jenks, D N.Y FISH GAME J., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 55-62 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- New York State Dep. Environ. Conserv., Cortland, NY 13045, USA NDN- 032-0088-2799-1 The suitability of using the New York State Freshwater Wetlands Inventory in conjunction with U.S. Geological Survey topographical maps as a substitute for direct interpretation of aerial photographs for identifying potential beaver habitat was evaluated in three towns in Oswego County (N.Y ) Based on criteria involving nine cover types and four topographic features, a total 23 ------- of 337 sites were identified from the wetlands maps compared with 331 from the aerial photographs, a difference of 1.8 per cent. Of the sites derived from the photographs, 296 (89.4 per cent) were identified at the same locations from the wetlands maps. It was concluded that interpretation of the wetlands maps provided a reasonable approximation of the number of potential beaver colony sites, particularly in areas where beaver had been scarce or absent for long periods. THE CANADIAN SYSTEM OF WETLAND CLASSIFICATION AND ITS APPLICATION OF CIRCUMBOREAL WETLANDS. 1230576 Wei Is, E. D. Zoltai , S. AQUILO (EOT.)., no. 21 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- Field Symposium on Classification of Mire Vegetation CONF.PLACE- (Finland) CONF.DATE- 5-13 Sep 1983 TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- Newfoundland For. Res. Cent., Canadian For. Serv., P.O. Box 6028, PIeasantvi1le, St. John's, Nfld. A1C 5X8, Canada NDN- 032-0088-0578-1 The Canadian Wetland Classification System consists of four levels: 1) wetland classes (e.g. bog, fen, marsh, swamp); 2) wetland forms (e.g. domed bogs, slope fen, stream marsh); 3) vegetation (plant communities, associations); and, 4) specialized needs of particular disciplines. Its development and structure, its application to the classification of peatlands in eastern Newfoundland and its relationship with wetland classification systems in northern Europe are discussed. WETLANDS OF THE UNITED STATES: CURRENT STATUS AND RECENT TRENDS. 1231178 T i ner. R. W. ,Jr 62 pp LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. TYPE- REPORT NOTES- Avail.: Superintendent Doc., U.S. Gov. Print. Off., Wash., D.C. 20402. TAPE ISS- 0686 COMPANY RELATED- Fish and Wildlife Serv., Washington, DC (USA) USFWS, Habitat Resour., One Gateway Cent., Newton Corner, MA 02158, USA NDN- 032-0088-0281-5 This report identifies the current status of U.S. wetlands and major areas where wetlands are in greatest jeopardy from the national standpoint. It also presents existing regional and national information of wetland trends. The report is divided into six chapters: (1) Introduction, (2) What is a Wetland?, (3) Major Wetland Types of the United States, (4) Why are Wetlands Important?, (5) Current status and Trends of U.S. Wetlands, and (6) The Future of America's Wetlands. Wetlands include the variety of marshes, swamps and bogs that occur throughout the country. They range from red maple swamps and black spruce bogs in the northern states to salt marshes along the coasts to bottomland hardwood forests in the southern states to prairie potholes in the Midwest to playa lakes and riparian wetlands in the western states to the wet tundra of Alaska. The future of the Nation's wetlands depends on the actions of public agencies, private industry, and private groups and individuals. Recent population and agricultural trends point to increased pressure for converting wetlands to other use, especially cropland. Increased wetland protection efforts by all levels of government and by private parties are needed to halt or slow wetland losses and to enhance the quality of the remaining wetlands. COASTAL WETLANDS. 1169819 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) PUBLISHER- LEWIS PUBLISHERSPUB.PLACE- CHELSEA, MI (USA) 305 pp LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CDNF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48823, USA NDN- 032-0087-5279-3 This book represents the proceedings of the first "Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquim" (November 5-7, 1984; East Lansing, Michigan). The theme was "Natural and Manipulated Water Levels in Great Lakes Wetlands." This material constitutes both Great Lakes weltands and the state of 24 ------- understanding about them. It is intended to provide fisheries and wildlife biologists, ecologists, aquatic resource managers and planners and environmental scientists information about the coastal wetlands in regard to eight priority areas. The colloquim and publication of the proceedings were cosponsored by Sea Grant Program and Environment Canada. COASTAL WETLANDS. 1169851 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 3-14 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 058S COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Zool , Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA NDN- 032-0087-5264-4 The author discusses the effect of water level fluctuations on the structure and function of Great Lakes coastal marshes and their nutrient cycles. COASTAL WETLANDS. 1169864 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 15-32 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- State Univ New York, Coll Environ. Sci and For , Syracuse, NY 13210, USA NDN- 032-0087-5257-8 The authors consider a "wetlands continuum" dominated by aquatic macrophytes, both submerged and emergent, to represent an ecologically useful concept. This continuum spans a range of environments from the deep water limit of submerged aquatic macrophytes to the upland contact. The factors influencing wetland compositional stability such as water levels, snow pack, freezedown of sediments, and ice cover COASTAL WETLANDS. 1169891 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 33-58 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol , Univ. Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont. K1N 6N5, Canada NDN- 032-O087-5246-7 The authors reviewed what is known about the effects of water level fluctuations on vegetation in other North American wetlands and sought some general principles which could likely be applied to Great Lakes shorelines. These were supplemented with some descriptive papers on the flora of shoreline marshes to provide at least some qualitative observations on the effect of water level fluctuations on species composition. In the first part of this paper, the dynamics of shoreline vegetation with changing water levels are discussed and presented with a qualitative model In the second part, they discuss the flora associated with different vegetation types. CHASTAL WETLANDS. 1159915 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp 59-68 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Univ. Wisconsin, Green Bay, WI 54301-7001, USA NDN- 032-0087-5235-1 This paper is a preliminary report on a study of a segment of Peter's Marsh on lower Green Bay The object of the study was to assess the flux of C, N and P between the marsh and the waters of Green Bay and determine the potential value of exported particulates for filter-feeding zooplankton species of the adjacent open waters. 25 ------- COASTAL WETLANDS. 1169940 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 69-85 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- O586 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Fish, and Wildl., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA NDN- 032-O087-5223-A The author discusses nutrient cycles in wetlands as a function of biotic activity limited by interacting physical, chemical and biological factors. Within these broad limits however, biotic interaction can alter the entire ecological structure of shallow water systems. COASTAL WETLANDS. 1169954 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 87-98 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN O-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Long Point Bird Obs. , Port Rowan, Ont . NOE 1MO, Canada NDN- 032-0087-5218-4 Wetlands provide feeding habitat for a wide variety of birds year round and seasonal habitats for nesting, moulting, migration stop-over sites, and wintering sites. As effects on birds of fluctuations in water levels on suitability of a particular wetland for feeding will be manifest primarily through effects on the food supply or even less directly through effects on the habitat used by the food organism(s) in question, this function not addressed here directly. This discussion, then relates primarily to seasonal habitat functions. COASTAL WETLANDS. 1169982 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 99-120 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Fish, and Wildl., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA NDN- 032-O087-5207-4 Avian activities on four 47 ha to 200 ha wetland study areas were monitored over a four-year period. Two of the areas were diked so water levels could be controlled while the other two were subject to natural water level fluctuations. Nests of 20 species of birds were located in the study areas with 8 species being well distributed. Red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoenicesus ) and marsh wren (Cistothorus palustris ) were the most common species. Both nest density and number of species increased as the percentage of open water decreased in the wetlands. Wetland percentage of open water decreased in the wetlands. Wetland study areas with poorly developed communities of submersed plants did not have as many species nesting and had more herons present in late summer compared to areas with well developed submersed plant communities. 26 ------- COASTAL WETLANDS. 1170048 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 141-158 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Univ. Michigan, Wetland Ecosystem Res. Group, Dep. Chem Eng., H.H. Dow Build., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA NDN- 032-0087-5187-2 Based on data from the Houghton Lake Porter Ranch Wetland, an accounting of biomass, nitrogen and phosphorus is presented, for the natural stationary repetitive state. The budgets for the wetland are constructed from data on ten compartments: annual and woody live biomass, roots, standing dead, annual and woody litter, three soil layers and surface water A simple set of empirical rules for biomass behavior provide a reasonable description of seasonal variations. A simple computer program allows the calculation of annual cycles, based on material supplies and constraints, and the most commonly measured variables. COASTAL WETLANDS. 1170070 Prince, H. H. D'Istri, F M. (eds.) pp. 159-174 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985 TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Eastern Michigan Univ , Ypsilanti, MI 48197, USA NDN- 032-O087-5179-1 Traditional wetland valuation strategies have been based upon financial models expanded to frame resource economics issues. Finance-based models are credible evaluation tools for investment alternatives which possess identifiable cash flows or streams of benefit. However, their applicability to land use problems which require estimation of social value rather than private values is less than complete because of at least two shortcomings: (1) traditional financial models offer no provision for the measurement or estimation of affective, nonmonetary values attached to alternative uses; and (2) the comparison of benefit streams or returns on investment are estimates of the variable costs and returns to the parcel in use and do not reflect the land owner's perceptions of the worth of a parcel COASTAL WETLANDS. 1170087 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 175-186 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Canadian Wildl Serv., Ottawa, Ont., Canada NDN- 032-0087-5173-A "An Evaluation System for Wetlands of Ontario South of the Precambrian Shield" was produced jointly by Environment Canada and the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources ( EC/OMNR , 1983). The evaluation system is designed to numerically quantify wetland values to permit comparison of wetlands relative to each other The evaluation system is broad in perspective: it can be applied to four wetland types marshes, swamps, fens and bogs and it encompasses four categories of wetland values biological, social, hydrological and special features. Wetlands are grouped into seven classes on the basis of evaluation scores, with Class 1 and 2 wetlands being the most valuable. Of the 30 Great Lakes coastal wetlands evaluated on Lakes Ontario, Erie and St. Clair, 19 (63%) were Class 1 and 2 wetlands, and 90 percent were Class 3, 2 or 1. 27 ------- COASTAL WETLANDS. 1170124 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 187-200 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-O52-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Wildl. Branch, Ont. Minist. Nat. Resour., Queen's Park, Toronto, Ont. M7A 1W3, Canada NDN- 032-0087-5161-1 Southern Ontario wetland loss is associated with an accompanying decline in wildlife populations. An evaluation system for wetlands in southern Ontario developed by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and the Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment Canada is being used by the provincial government to examine remaining wetlands. Wetlands are ranked by biological, social, hydrological and special features values. Characteristics of provincially significant wetlands are discussed by wetland type and physiographic =ite with reference to their evaluation scores. The hydrological component had considerable influence on the scores of inland swamps and marshes while it contributed little component was very important in determining class rank. COASTAL WETLANDS. 1170155 Prince, H. H. D'Istri, F M.(eds.) pp. 201-208 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Canadian Wildl Serv , London, Ont. N6E 1Z7, Canada NDN- 032-0087-5153-4 In Ontario, south of James Bay, the most extensive and highest quality habitat for migrating waterfowl is provided by the shoreline marshes of Lakes Erie and St. Clair Canadian Wildlife Service studies have shown that the wetlands associated with the eastern shore of Lake St. Clair are presently the most important Ontario staging areas for mallards, black ducks, Canada geese and tundra swans. Canadian Wildlife Service studies have shown a 79% decline in the use of this area by true marsh-dwel1 ing waterfowl during the spring and 41% decline in the autumn, Provincial1y-administered tax increases of 65% would be about half as much. If the same property were drained and farmed, the taxes. Pressure to convert these valuable marshes to agricultural land combined with the recent property reassessment and dramatic increase in taxes will only work against the efforts of the Canadian Wildlife Service and others to protect and preserve the wetlands of Lake St. Clair COASTAL WETLANDS. 1170198 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 209-252 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, MI (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Fed. Ont. Nat., Don Mills, MSB 2W8, Canada NDN- 032-0087-5142-2 Wate level regime is but one of many manageable factors which could influence the condition or extent of a Great Lakes wetland. It is advisable to consider water level regime and human interference with it in the context of other human-engendered problems in Great Lakes wetlands. There are at least three major aspects which merit examination: Comparison of causal factors in order to isolate similarities among causes (and implied solutions); Contrast of stresses (biological, chemical or physical perturbation) and of long-term responses in order to clarify the ecosystemic significance of water level regime (and implied priority for action); and investigation of interaction among causes, among stresses and among long-term responses in order to specify synergisms and antagonisms. 28 ------- COASTAL WETLANDS. 1170249 Prince, H. H. D'ltri, F M. (eds.) pp. 263-278 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL . DATE- 1985. TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 1. Great Lakes Coastal Wetlands Colloquium CONF.PLACE- East Lansing, M! (USA) CONF.DATE- 5-7 Nov 1984 ISBN- ISBN 0-87371-052-5 TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Zool , Univ Guelph, Guelph, Ont. N1G 2W1, Canada NDN- 032-0087-5127-4 As a result of the loss of wetland habitats, many public interest groups, conservation agencies and professional organizations agree on the need to preserve wetlands. Beyond this agreement, however, the diverse value systems of these groups lead to disagreement as to what should be done with these marshes. In this paper, the author discusses an approach to wetland management, showing that techniques which simulate natural events can be employed to simultaneously satisfy many of the interests of these various groups. (THE INUNDATION PLAINS OF NORTHERN YUGOSLAVIA) 1175977 Ern, H. C. R. SEANCES SOC. BIOGEOGR., vol. 61, no 4, pp. 129-136 LANGUAGE(S)- FRENCH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Les plaines d'inondation du nord de la Yougoslavie TAPE ISS- 0586 COMPANY RELATED- Bot. Gart., Ber1in-Dahlem, 6-8 Koenigin-Luise-Str , D-1000 Berlin 33, FRG NDN- 032-0087-2487-5 NO-ABSTRACT BIBLIOGRAPHY TO UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER AQUATIC AND WETLAND PLANT LITERATURE. 114O664 Peck, J. H. Smart, M. M. PROC. IOWA ACAD. SCI., vol 92, no. 2, pp. 78-84 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE NOTES- 308 refs. TAPE ISS- 86-04 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol , Univ Arkansas. Little Rock, AR 72204, USA NDN- 032-0086-9653-A A comprehensive bibliography of 3O8 references by 270 authors was prepared to provide access to the 1iterature on aquatic and wetland plants of the Upper Mississippi River The references treated the taxonomy, floristics. ecology, wildlife biology, limnological role, and management programs on macrophytes present in the navigation channel, backwater, and floodplain of the Upper Mississippi River, which stretches from Minneapolis, MN, southward some 1,380 km to Cairo, IL. Articles, serials, books, agency reports, agency contracted studies, theses, and dissertations were included. MINNESOTA'S PROTECTED WATERS AND WETLANDS INVENTORY 1140850 Gerbig, B. H. Mueller, M. WETLANDS., vol 3, pp. 12O-123 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 86-04 COMPANY RELATED- Div Waters, Minnesota Dep. Nat. Resour , St. Paul, MN 55146, USA NDN- 032-0086-9623-5 In 1979, the Minnesota legislature established an inventory and designation process to identify water basins, watercourses and wetlands subject to state regulation. Hydrologists from the Department of Natural Resources have worked with wildlife and fisheries managers to categorize and quantify waters. Wetlands are identified according to Circular 39, Wetlands of the United States criteria. Numerous photos, maps and field survey data were used to compile information. The final product is a map for each of the 87 counties in Minnesota, identifying waters protected by a resource permit program. 29 ------- BIOMASS PRODUCTION AND CHEMICAL CYCLING IN A MAN-MADE GEOTHERMAL WETLAND. 1 140884 Breckenridge, R. P Wheeler. L. R. Ginsburg, J. F WETLANDS., vol 3, pp. 26-43 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 86-04 COMPANY RELATED- EG&G Idaho, Inc., Idaho Falls, ID 83415, USA NDN- 032-0086-9610-2 Blomass production and chemical cycling were evaluated in a man-made wetland created using geothermal water in southcentral Idaho. The wetland system consisted of a 0.25 ha area divided into two ponds. The upper pond contained submerged species (Egeria , pondweeds and coontail); the lower pond was planted with emergents (cattail, bulrush, and common reed). Biomass production from emergent plants in a two-year-old system compared favorably with production values reported in the literature for natural wetlands. Chemical cycling of potassium (K) was evaluated through the lower pond system. Uptake of several other constituents (F and Na) of the geothermal water by the emergent plants was observed. AN ECOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF POCOSIN WETLANDS DEVELOPMENT WITH MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS. 1140899 R i chardson, C. J . WETLANDS., vol. 2, pp. 231-248 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 86-04 COMPANY RELATED- Sch. For. and Environ. Stud., Duke Univ. Durham, NC 27706, USA NDN- 032-OO86-9606-8 Pocosins--oligotrophic freshwater evergreen shrub bogs once covering nearly one million hectares on the North Carolina coastal plain—were developed by blocked drainage and peat accumulation over the last 10,000 years. Extensive drainage for agriculture, forestry and peat mining reduced the natural wetland area to 281,000 hectares by 1980. This development has resulted in (1) a shift of hydrologic output from evapotranspiration to runoff, (2) significant increases in carbon flux and phosphorus output, and (3) reduction in habitat for rare and endangered biota, while dramatically increasing the economic value of these lands. General management guidelines are suggested which are based on a balanced view of the resource problem (i.e., ecological, economic and ethical guidelines) DEVELOPMENT OF A TREED BOG ISLAND IN AMINEROTROPHIC FEN. 1155963 Zoltai, S. C. Johnson, J. D. CAN. J. EOT , vol. 63, no. 6, pp. 1076-1085 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 85-04 COMPANY RELATED- Northern For. Res. Cent., Canadian For Serv , Edmonton, Alta. T6H 3S5, Canada NDN- 032-0086-4129-5 The development of a heavily treed bog island situated in a wooded fen was investigated. Macrofossils indicate that the central part of the island has supported oligotrophic treed bog vegetation almost since the beginning of its formation. Three volcanic ash layers allow the reconstruction of the position of the wetland surface at different times. The treed island was initiated on a slight rise and it was always slightly higher than the surrounding fen, maintaining oligotrophic conditions above the fen level On the treed island, the peat above the fen level is low in such nutrients as calcium, magnesium, and sulfur, but below the fen level the chemical characteristics of the peat are similar to those of the fen peat. 30 ------- SUCCESSION OF VEGETATION IN AN EVOLVING RIVER DELTA, ATCHAFALAYA BAY, LOUISIANA. 1124938 Johnson, W. B. Sasser, C. E. Gosselink, J. G. J. ECOL., vol 73, no. 3, pp. 973-986 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0386 COMPANY RELATED- U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA NDN- 032-0086-0031-0 A description is given of the wetland vegetation on the natural islands of the Atchafalaya Delta, Louisiana. The vegetation was described using principal components analysis. Seasonal change in each association was described. Three vegetation associations explained the most variance in the spring and autumn analyses and also occupied the greatest area. Each was dominated by a single species: Sagittaria latifolia, Salix nigra or Typha 1 atifolia In each of these associations diversity was low. Measurement of the similarity in species composition among the main associations showed little spatial overlap among them. Analysis of soil nutrients revealed little variation with season or plant association. In contrast, the precentage variation in water level, organic carbon, and percentage sand with season and plant association was substantial Hydrologic influences on the delta islands seem to have the greatest influences on the distribution of vegetat i on. GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF GIANT RAGWEED (AMBROSIA TRIFIDA L ) IN A DELAWARE RIVER FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND. 1135O64 Sickels, F A. Simpson, R. L. BULL. TORR . EOT. CLUB., vol 112, no. 4, pp. 368-375 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0386 COMPANY RELATED- Sch. Sci , William Peterson Coll , Wayne, NJ 07470, USA NDN- 032-O085-6307-A The survivorship, phenology, production, and distribution of the annual species Ambrosia trifida L. in a Delaware River freshwater tidal wetland were studied during 1982. Germination began in mid April with maximum seedling density (x@u- 104.5, S.D. plus or minus 58.1 m super(-2)) reached in mid May Survivorship exceeded 92% through June and then declined gradually to 23% by late September Flowers were initiated in late July with seeds ripening in September Maximum height (298.8 plus or minus 33.7 cm plant super(-1)) was attained in late September as was maximum shoot (73.8 plus or minus 45 6 g plant super(-1)) and root (32.7 plus or minus 37.0 g plant super(-1)) biomass Peak standing crop (3265.6 g m super(-2) shoot and 15OO.9 g m super(-2) root) occurred in late August. SIMULTANEOUS GROUNDWATER TABLE FLUCTUATION IN DIFFERENT PARTS OF VIRGIN PINE MIRES. 111 1704 Kur i mo, H. SILVA FENN., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 151-186 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0286 COMPANY RELATED- Address not stated NDN- O32-0085-1562-1 The study discusses the amplitude of the simultaneous groundwater table fluctuation in different parts of pine mires, and factors influencing it. The assumption generally used in hydrological calculations that fluctuation in the groundwater table takes place simultaneously and almost equally inside the whole mire does not hold good in detail The amplitude of fluctuation was dependent on numerous factors which differ slightly at various sites. If these factors or combinations of them deviated sufficiently, they were responsible for the inequality in the fluctuation, the relative differences in altitude between the sites remained small (a few centimeters only) 31 ------- RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT: RECONCILING CONFLICTING USES. 1 1 16457 Johnson, R. R. (coords. ) Ziebell, C. D. Paton, D. R. Ffolliott, P F Hamre, R. H. GEN TECH. REP., ROCKY MT. FOR. RANGE EXP. STN., pp. 3-5 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- REPORT CONF.NAME- 1. North American Riparian Conference CONF.PLACE- Tucson, AZ (USA) CONF.DATE- 16-18 Apr 1985 OTHER NUMB. RM-120 TAPE ISS- 0286 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Environ., Popul. and Organismic Biol., Univ. Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA NDN- 032-0084-9629-9 NO-ABSTRACT RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT- RECONCILING CONFLICTING USES. 1 1 16899 Johnson, R. R. (coords.) Ziebell, C. D. Paton, D. R. Ffolliott, P F Hamre, R. H. GEN. TECH. REP , ROCKY MT. FOR. RANGE EXP STN., pp. 139-143 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- REPORT CONF.NAME- 1. North American Riparian Conference CONF.PLACE- Tucson, AZ (USA) CONF.DATE- 16-18 Apr 1985 OTHER NUMB. RM-120 TAPE ISS- 0286 COMPANY RELATED- Div. Wetland fcol , Univ. Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab., Aiken, SC, USA NDN- 032-OO84-9307-4 Principal factors that affect seedling recruitment in mature cypress-tupelo forests include seed production, microsite availability and hydrologic regime. Studies on the Savannah River floodplain in South Carolina show that although seed production seems adequate, microsite characteristics and water level changes limit regeneration success. Management of water levels on regulated streams must account for species regeneration requirements to maintain floodplain wetland community structure. RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT- 1117007 RECONCILING CONFLICTING USES. Johnson, R. R. (coords.) Ziebell, C. D. Paton, D. R. Ffolliott, P F Hamre, R. H. GEN. TECH. REP., ROCKY MT. FOR. RANGE EXP. STN., pp. 175-179 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- REPORT CONF.NAME- 1. North American Riparian Conference CONF.PLACE- Tucson, AZ (USA) CONF.DATE- 16-18 Apr 1985 OTHER NUMB. RM-120 TAPE ISS- 0286 COMPANY RELATED- For. Hydrol , Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA NDN- 032-0084-9224-6 Three years of research on a headwaters watershed has shown this area to be capable of removing over 99% of the incoming nitrate nitrogen. Riparian vegetation nitrate uptake and output, and microbial denitrificat ion will be incorporated into hydro!ogical1y-based nutrient transport models. EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATION OF NUTRIENTS AND WATER IN A FRESHWATER MARSH: EFFECTS ON BIOMASS, DECOMPOSITION, AND NUTRIENT ACCUMULATION. 1068928 Bayley, S. E. Zoltek, J.,Jr Hermann, A. J. Dolan, T J. Tortora, L. LIMNOL. OCEANOGR., vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 500-512 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 8512 COMPANY RELATED- Freshwat. Inst., 501 University Crescent, Winnipeg, Man. R3T 2N6, Canada NDN- 032-0083-9487-7 Experimental freshwater marsh plots (2,000 m super(2)) received 9.6, 3.7, and 1.5 cm wk super(-1) of treated sewage effluent and the control plot received 4.4 cm wk super(-1) potable water during a 2-year study Surface water elevation above the peat substrate averaged 0.2 m in the second year During the first year, the marsh surface remained dry. Application of treated effluent increased net primary production only during the dry year During the wet year there was no significant difference between the highest 32 ------- effluent plot and the control plot in aboveground biomass, or in phosphorus content in the aboveground live or dead vegetation and in the belowground vegetation. Based on the 2 years of the study, a natural increase in water level above the rnarsh surface had the same effect on the marsh production and nutrient accumulation as did application of 42 g P m super(-2) yr super(-1) in treated effluent. This was presumably due to the release of P from the peat substrate under flooded conditions. NUTRIENT DEPOSITION IN CATTAIL STANDS BY COMMUNALLY ROOSTING BLACKBIRDS AND STARLINGS. 1078619 Hayes, J. P Caslick, J. W . AM. MIDL. NAT., vol 112, no. 2, pp. 320-331 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 8512 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol , Univ California-Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA NDN- 032-0083-5432-6 Nutrient additions to five cattail (Typha spp.) stands in central New York State from droppings of roosting red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus ), common grackles (Ouiscalus quiscula ), brown-headed cowbirds (olothrus ater ) and European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris ) are reported. Data were used to develop a regression model to predict, from existence energy, the quantity of excreta input per birds per night. The nutrient loadings are greater than those coming into the stands via precipitation and may be of similar magnitude to runoff loadings in some systems. CHARACTERIZING WETLAND BOUNDARIES: A PACIFIC COAST EXAMPLE. 1045596 Zedler, J. B. Cox, G. W. WETLANDS., vol. 4, pp. 43-55 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1185 COMPANY RELATED- San Diego State Univ., San Diego, CA 92182, USA NDN- 032-0083-0615-8 In order to provide ecologically meaningful recommendations for delimiting coastal wetland (salt marsh) boundaries, the authors used five approaches to analyze elevation and vegetation data from Bahia de San Ouintin, Baja California. The 2-dm elevation band with the steepest slope coincided with the band of lowest compositional similarity and the band with the most species distributional limits. Consistent results, using three analytical approaches, suggest that this band represents an ecological boundary For Bahia de San Ouintin, the authors suggest that the upper salt marsh boundary coincides with the upper 1imits of Frankenia grandifol ia, Limonium californicum , and Suaeda esteroa , and the lower limits of Frankenia palmeri and Lycium species. DEVELOPMENT OF AN EVALUATION SYSTEM FOR WETLANDS IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO. 1046504 Glooschenko, V WETLANDS., vol 3, pp. 192-200 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1185 COMPANY RELATED- Wildl. Branch, Ont. Minist. Nat. Resour , Toronto, Ont. M7A 1W3, Canada NDN- 032-0083-0182-2 Wetland loss in Ontario is proceeding at an unprecedented rate. Beginning in 1980 a quantitative system of wetland evaluation was developed by the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and the Canadian Wildlife Service working under a Canada/Ontario Steering Committee. The evaluation system groups wetland values according to biological, social, hydrological and special features components. Based on score totals from the four components, all wetlands assessed are ranked in Classes from I (highest) to VII (lowest). Wetlands receiving Class I or II ranking are considered provincially significant; those scoring as Class III are regionally significant. These rankings are presently being used to support wetland guidelines with the long-range goal of wetland protection for significant wet 1ands. 33 ------- EFFECTS OF PH AND PLANT SOURCE ON LIGNOCELLULOSE BIODEGRADATION RATES IN TWO WETLAND ECOSYSTEMS, THE OKEFENOKEE SWAMP AND A GEORGIA SALT MARSH. 1049415 Banner, R. Moran, M. A. Hodson, R. E. LIMNOL OCEANOGR., vol 30, no. 3, pp. 489-499 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 1185 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Microbiol , Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 3O602, USA NDN- 032-0082-8988-6 The microbial mineralization of synthetic ( super(14)C)1ignin, specifically radiolabeled ( super(14)C-1ignin)- 1ignocel1ulose and ( super(14)C-polysaccharide)-lignocellulose from a variety of aquatic herbaceous and woody plants was investigated in water and sediment from a salt marsh on Sapelo Island, Georgia, and from the Okefenokee Swamp, an acidic peat-forming freshwater swamp in southern Georgia. Rates of microbial degradation of 1ignocel1u1ose were depressed in the Okefenokee relative to those in the salt marsh. About 50% of the difference in mineralization rates was attributable to the low ambient pH (3.9) of Okefenokee water relative to the pH of salt marsh water (pH 7 1) THE STATUS OF PEATLAND SITE CLASSIFICATION FOR FORESTRY IN ONTARIO. 1062770 Jeglurn, J . K. SUO., vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 33-44 LANGUAGE(S)- NORWEIGIAN PUBL. DATE- 1985. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH NORWEIGIAN TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Metsaetaloudel1isen suokasvupaikkaluokitte1un nykyti1anne Ontariossa TAPE ISS- 1185 COMPANY RELATED- Great Lakes For. Res. Cent., Canadian For Serv., P.O. Box 490, Sault Ste. Marie, Ont. P6A 5M7, Canada NDN- 032-0082-6946-A Wetland site classification for forestry in Ontario is reviewed. The main units of a physiognomic-dominance scheme are portrayed in an environmental model, and research and inventory work using this approach is reviewed. Some common wetland terms used in Ontario are defined and discussed. The results of the Forest Ecosystem Classification (FEC) program are presented, for those operational groups that include peatland forests. Recent analyses of wooded peatlands in Ontario have revealed the relationships of the FEC types to the earlier defined wetland units. Some quantitative data are given to characterize tree growth, site, and vegetation. Recent si1vicultural, remote sensing and inventory applications which utilize the main wetland units are reviewed. CYPRESS SWAMPS. 1062899 Ewel, K. C. Odum, H. T (eds.) PUBLISHER- UNIVERSITY PRESSES OF FLORIDAPUB.PLACE- GAINESVILLE, FL (USA) 490 pp LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. TYPE- BOOK ISBN- ISBN 0-8130-0714-3 NOTES- Price: $25.00; Published in 1985. TAPE ISS- 1185 NDN- 032-0082-6834-1 The purpose of this book is to summarize knowledge about cypress swamps and to present hypotheses about swamp structure and function that will help increase our understanding of how individual ecosystems operate and how these ecosystems interact within a landscape. The authors concentrate on evaluating the effects of wastewater discharge on cypress swamps at the same time that a picture of an undisturbed swamp is constructed. Only with such analyses can the long-term survival of swamp ecosystems existing in harmony with the human economy be ensured. 34 ------- CYPRESS SWAMPS. 1063392 Ewel, K. C. Odum, H. T (eds.) pp. 279-285 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- BOOK ISBN- ISBN 0-8130-0714-3 TAPE ISS- 1185 COMPANY RELATED- Inst. Trop. For , Southern For. Exp. Stn., U.S. For Serv , P.O. Box AO, Rio Piedras, PR 00928, USA NDN- 032-0082-6548-2 Root biomass and distribution, soil organic matter, phosphorus concentration of roots, fern density, and water levels were measured in a sewage-enriched cypress strand located in north-central Florida. Root biomass ranged from 2.3 to 9.6 km/m super(2). Small roots formed a dense mat in the upper 10-15 cm of the soil profile and decreased considerably with depth. Large diameter roots with less dense wood predominated in the deeper portion of the soil profile. Soil organic matter averaged 62 kg/m super(2) and decreased with soil depth. Root and soil organic matter comprised 70% of the total organic matter in the forest. CYPRESS SWAMPS. 1063463 Ewel, K. C. Odum H.T (eds.) pp. 393-404 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LAKIGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- BOOk ISBN- ISBN 0-8130-0714-3 TAPE ISS- 1185 COMPANY REIW\TED- Martin, Craig, Chester and Sonnenschein, 115 South LaSalle St., Chicago, IL 60603, USA NDN- 032-OO82-6538-0 This paper presents general locations and descriptions of remnant cypress swamps in southern Illinois and measurements of a specific alluvial cypress swamp. Some cypress trees are found in the Ohio and Mississippi river basins, although the most significant cypress wetlands are in the Cache River Basin. The authors estimated 4770 ha of forested wetlands in this basin. Heron Pond, a 30-ha cypress-tupe1o, Taxedium-Nyssa , swamp adjacent to the Cache River, received a major spring flood that raised the water depth to 2.3 m.and deposited phosphorus-rich sediments (3.6 g P/m super(2)) An annual water budget was determined, and water chemistry in the swamp and river was compared. ABOVEGROUND PRODUCTION AND ABUNDANCE OF SOME GRAMINACEOUS SPECIES ON MOWED AND ABANDONED SECTIONS OF A WET RIVERSHORE MEADOW ON THE TORNE RIVER, N. SWEDEN. 10243O1 E1veland, d. SVEN. BOT. TIDSKR., vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 187-203 LANGUAGE(S)- SWEDISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Naagra graminiders reaktion paa slaatte och traeda paa en strandaeng vid torne aelv TAPE ISS- 1085 COMPANY RELATED- Inst. Ekol Bot., Umeaa Univ., S-901 87 Umeaa, Sweden NDN- O32-0082-0025-A Differences in the vegetational and ground conditions of mown (up to 1980) and abandoned (since 1965) parts of a rivershore meadow were st udied in 1982. The investigation focused on the dominant graminaceous species. Cover, standing crop and proportion of fertile shoots are s lightly lower, but shoot density significantly higher, in the mown co ntra the abandoned part of a pure Carex aquatilis stand in the lo wer geolittoral "Peat" thickness is 4 and 12 cm, respectively In ea rly summer, the mown part of the middle geolittoral meadow is charact erized by Caltha palustris and Ranunculus repens Later, the tall-growing Carex aquatilis and Calamagrostis canescens beco me dominant. The litter is thin and a sparse moss-layer occurs. The abandoned part, poorer in species, is a "jungle" of luxuriant Phalaris arundinacea and Calamagrostis canescens The thick litter-layer excludes moss occurrence. Galium palustre is occasionally found on spots of bare ground generated by ice debacle. 35 ------- (IMPORTANCE OF VEGETATION BORDERS NEAR BOGS TO THE PROTECTION OF THE HAUTS-MARAIS: EXAMPLE OF TWO SWISS BOGS.). 1031246 Gobat, J.-M. BULL SOC. NEUCHATEL. SCI NAT., vol. 107, pp. 28-38 LANGUAGE(S)- FRENCH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH FRENCH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Importance ds bordures tie tourbieres pour la protection des Hauts-Marais: Example de deux tourbieres du jura Suisse TAPE ISS- 1085 COMPANY RELATED- Lab. Ecol Veg., Inst. Bot., 22, Chemin de Chantemerle, CH-2000 Neuchatel 7, Switzerland NDN- 032-0081-7491-3 The description of two vegetation limits found between acid peat bogs and wet neutro-alcaline meadows reveals the principal ecological factors which determine the bordering conditions of these two "opposed" biotopes. The author shows the particular importance of these factors to an optimal protection of the peat bog. CALIFORNIA RIPARIAN SYSTEMS: ECOLOGY, CONSERVATION, AND MANAGEMENT 0998876 Warner, R. E. Hendrix, K. M. (eds.) pp. 97-107 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984 SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- California Riparian Systems Conference CONF.PLACE- Davis, CA (USA) CONF.DATE- 17-19 Sep 1981 ISBN- ISBN 0-520-05035-5 TAPE ISS- 0385 COMPANY RELATED- Bur Land Manage., Safford, AZ, USA NDN- 032-O080-9611-A Composition and trend of 78 km. (49 mi ) of riparian vegetation on five watercourses was determined. Aravaipa Creek has been excluded from cattle since 1973 and was the only study area with a dominant broadleaf riparian community and a trend towards maintaining this community. NEOTROPICAL ORNITHOLOGY O998953 Buckley, P (eds.) A . Foster, M. S. Morton, E. S. Ridgely, R. S. Buckley, F ORNITHOL. MONOGR., vol. 36 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH SPANISH TYPE- BOOK ISBN- ISBN O-943610-44-3 TAPE ISS- 0985 COMPANY RELATED- Zool Mus . , Univ Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen Oe, Denmark NDN- 032-0080-9578-1 The distribution of Andean wetland habitats in the Pleistocene and present is reviewed and considered in relation to the known distribution of waterbirds. Analysis based on suture zones, disjunctions, core areas for endemic taxa, and phylogenetic relationships suggests evolutionary processes closely tied to events in the Pleistocene. The inhabitants of Andean marsh habitats are generally poorly differentiated, morphologically, from lowland counterparts, and most probably they immigrated to the area in postglacial time. The colonization of the Andes was almost unidirectional, from the southern lowlands, which has resulted in a strong northward reduction of taxa adapted to barren habitats. HYDROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF HOKARSAR, A TYPICAL WETLAND OF KASHMIR. 0978060 1 BIOTOPE Qadri, M. Y Shah, G. M. INDIAN J. ECOL., vol 11, no. 2, pp. 203-2O6 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0885 COMPANY RELATED- Postgrad. Dep. Zool., Univ. Kashmir, Sr i nagar-190005, India NDN- 032-0080-4556-8 The paper describes the physico-chemical conditions of Hokarsar a typical wetland of Kashmir A greater concentration of most of the ions was encountered during the low water periods of summer and autumn and the water level was found to be an important factor in the seasonal variation of 36 ------- physical and chemical variables studied. MECHANISMS CONTROLLING PHOSPHORUS RETENTION CAPACITY IN FRESHWATER WETLANDS. 098177 1 R ichardson, C. J. SCIENCE (WASH.)., vo1 228, no. 4706, pp. 1424-1426 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0885 COMPANY RELATED- Sen. For and Environ. Stud., Duke Univ , Durham, NC 27706, USA NDN- 032-0080-3202-9 Freshwater wetland ecosystems do not effectively conserve phosphorus in the way that terrestrial ecosystems do. The phosphorus retention capacity varies greatly among bogs, fens, and swamps and is concomitant with the amorphous acid oxa1ate-extractable aluminum and iron content in the soil Hwever, the phosphorus adsorption potential in wetland ecosystems may be predicted solely from the extractable aluminum content of the soil Wetlands tested as wastewater filtration systems became phosphorus-saturated in a few years, with the export of excessive quantities of phosphate. ABOVEGROUND ENERGY PRODUCTION AND DISTRIBUTION OF SOUTHEASTERN HARDWOOD SWAMP FORESTS. 0981944 Gower, S. T Lea, R. Frederick, D. Clark, III Phi 11 ips, D. R. BIOMASS., vol 7, no. 3, pp. 185-197 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. 1985. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE 0885 COMPANY RELATED- Coll For Resour., AR-10, Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA NDN- 032-0080-3092-0 DATE- ISS- Energy production and distribution were examined in fully stocked, even-aged 1O-, 2O-, 40- and 60-year-old southeastern swamp forests. Maximum intraspecies energy energy values (kj g mult ipl ied by 76-21 mult i pi led by 34 ) > bark (16 multiplied biomass and energy value differences were small within a given tissue. Mean super(-1) dry weight) ranged as follows: foliage (18 multiplied by 17) > stem wood (19 multiplied by 04-20 branch (19 multiplied by 11-19 multiplied by 85) > stem by 72-20 multiplied by 33) Total live aboveground content in these swamp forests increased with stand age, as follows: 41 multiplied by 4, 108 multiplied by 8, 208 multiplied by 9 and 297 multiplied by 5 Mg ha super (-1) and 81 multiplied by 7, 209 multiplied by 0, 416 multiplied by 4 and 593 multiplied by 6 MJ m super(-2), respectively Depending upon stand age, whole-tree harvest energy yields exceeded energy yields derived in a conventional harvest by 21-96%. MODIFICATION OF BOG VEGETATION BY POWER UTILITY RIGHTS-OF-WAY Nickerson, N. H. Thibodeau, F R. 095942 1 J. ENVIRON. MANAGE., vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 221-228 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 8507 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol , Tufts Univ., Medford, MA O2155, USA NDN- 032-0079-7471-6 Wetland modification is strictly controlled by a number of state and federal statutes. This study documents the effects of construction and maintenance of power utility rights-of-way on shrub swamp-bog vegetation at Tewksbury, Massachusetts. While both activities cause at least temporary changes in natural vegetation, neither causes substantial long-term negative impact. Bog vegetation recovers naturally in four growing seasons from the effects of both activities. Such utility right-of-way do not appear to be in conflict with the intent of wetland protection legislation. 37 ------- BIOMASS AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF AQUATIC MACROPHYTES IN THE HYGAM WETLAND, KASHMIR WITH REFERENCE TO SUBSTRATE NUTRIENTS. 0960843 Kaul, S. ACTA HYDROCHIM. HYDROBIOL., vol 12, no. 1, pp. 81-91 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 8507 COMPANY RELATED- Sangarmall, Cl iff-en-d-Estate, Near Portmore Sch. , IND-171001 Simla, India NDN- 032-0079-6816-4 The wetland of 56 ha is situated at a height of 1565 m in the valley of the Jehlum River Among macrophytes prevail Typha, Phragmites, Scirpus and Sparganium , and they are investigated at eight stations in the annual cycle. The mineral composition of the aboveground and belowground biomass and of the sediment was determined. The mean total biomass shows considerable variations, but also a pronounced annual variation with the summer maximum of 1445 g/m super(2) above-ground and 1550 g/m super(2) below-ground. The mineral constituents show clearly decreasing concentrations during the season of vegetation as far as potassium, calcium, magnesium and nitrogen are concerned, the nutrient contents lying between 0.041 and 1.9% P or 0.57 and 1.65% N. In a regression analysis the biomasses show significant multiple regressions to concentrations of chloride-ions , nitrogen and partly TPP and oxygen in the water and sediment. THE VEGETATION OF SOME DITCHES AND EDGES OF THE DITCHES IN THE DROEMLING (LOWER SAXONY). 0961891 Zachar ias, D. BRAUNSCHW. NATURKD. SCHR., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 253-258 LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Die Vegetation einiger Graeben und Grabenraender im Droemling (Niedersachsen) TAPE ISS- 8507 COMPANY RELATED- Gliesmaroder Str 44, D-3300 Braunschweig, FRG NDN- 032-0079-5861-1 NO-ABSTRACT POTENTIAL BENEFITS OF NEW SATELLITE SENSORS TO WETLAND MAPPING. 0964764 Dottavio, C. L. Dottavio, F D. PHOTOGRAMM. ENG. REMOTE SENS., vol. 50, no. 5, pp. 599-606 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984 SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 8507 COMPANY RELATED- Natl. Park Serv , Clemson Coop. Park Stud. Unit, Clemson Univ., Clemson, SC 29631, USA NDN- 032-0079-4588-6 The potential utility of NASA'S recently launched Thematic Mapper remote sensing system is evaluated. Simulated Thematic Mapper data are compared with simulated multispectral scanner data to determine if satellite digital data from the Thematic Mapper will offer (a) a more powerful tool than the multispectral scanner for wetland mapping and (b) if spectral advances on the Thematic Mapper will in fact improve discrimination among wetland cover types. Examination of the discrimination capacities of the Thematic Mapper indicated that the infrared wavelength region from 1.0 to 1.3 mu m, which is available on the Thematic Mapper Simulator but not the actual Thematic Mapper, had the greatest discriminatory power for the six cover types examined. A distinct separation also occurred between low marsh and high marsh species in the middle infrared band (TM5). 38 ------- PROPOSED FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPING A MULTIDISCIPLINARY WETLANDS VALUATION MODEL. 0942545 Leitch, J. A. Easter, K. W. Nelson, W. C. ENVIRON. PROFESS., vol. 6, no. 8, pp. 117-124 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0785 COMPANY RELATED- North Dakota State Univ., Fargo, ND 58102, USA NDN- 032-0079-2730-0 Although considerable time, effort, and funding have been devoted to wetlands research, significant progress towards wetlands valuation has not been made. Academicians have not communicated among themselves or with resources managers and administrators. The lack of cooperative research has resulted in critical gaps in knowledge that have led to inefficient wetlands allocation by the government. A concerted effort must be made to resolve existing valuation problems. A conceptual framework is presented which guides the researcher from a physical-biologica1 component, through a user interface, to the policy objectives of economic efficiency, social well-being, and environmental quality Management options and a feedback loop (for estimating the consequences of use in one period on outputs in the next period) are considered in the model Independent researchers may follow the framework presented and contribute to the eventual implementation of the model by identifying the links between the ecosystem and the social system. TISSUE WATER RELATIONS IN A RANGE OF PLANT SPECIES AND ITS ECOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE. 0949665 Nazrul-Islam, A. K. M. FLORA., vol 174, no. 3-4, pp. 329-337 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0785 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Univ. Dacca, Dacca 2, Bangladesh NDN- 032-0078-9517-5 Tissue water relations in a range of wetland and dryland habitat species were examined in leaf material collected from the field, with a view to obtaining comparative data on the mechanism of adaptation to drought. The relative water content at which stomata closed was significantly lower in wetland species of Epilobium hirsutum, Filipendula ulmaria and also in Molinia Rumex acetosa (dryland species) had the highest relative water content at -50 bars and seemed to be the most resistant. The tissue water relations of the plants accord with the pattern which could be predicted from their distribution in the field. PALYNOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SOME PEAT MOORS IN THE SUBALPINE ZONE OF THE HACHIMANTAI MOUNTAINS. 0925339 Morita, Y ECOL. REV , vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 241-246 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- JAPANESE TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0585 COMPANY RELATED- Biol Inst., Fac. Sci., Tohoku Univ , Sendai, Japan NDN- 032-0078-3758-A The Hachimantai Mountains are situated between 39 degree 50' and 40 degree 00'N Lat 140 degree 50' and 141 degree OO'E Long, at the boundary between Iwate and Akita Prefecture. The vertical distribution of the forest zone on the mountains can roughly be divided in two- the montane zone of Fagus crenata ranging below 1000-1100 m in altitude, and the subalpine zone of Abies mariesii above 1000-1100 m Betula ermanii forest is developed in the lower part of the subalpine zone. Pinus pumila scrub occupies nothing but a small area. The author attempted to make palynological studies of the deposits from three moors developed in the subalpine zone of the Hachimantai Mounta i ns. 39 ------- VARIATION IN THE C/N-QUOTIENT OF PEAT IN RELATION TO DECOMPOSITION RATE AND AGE DETERMINATION WITH SUPER(210)PB. 0887336 Malmer, N. Holm, E. OIKOS., vol 43, no. 2, pp. 171-182 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. ' SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH RUSSIAN TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0485 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Plant. Ecol., Univ Lund, Ostra Vallgatan 14, S-223 61 Lund, Sweden. NDN- 032-0077-9232-4 Peat profiles ca. 0.5 m in depth through bog hummocks with Sphagnum spp. have been studied on a subarctic mire in northern Sweden and on some bogs in southern Sweden. The C/N-quotient in the peat decreases with depth due to losses in C during the decay processes. As a result of decay and compaction, the annual peat volume increment at the bottom of the profiles is 4-15% of the increment in the upper parts. On the central bog areas in southern Sweden the decay processes during periods are interrupted at earlier stages which gives rise to a more rapid volumetric peat increment than in the marginal bog areas and in the north. The accumulation of super(210)Pb and N shows that the supply of these elements is higher in southern Sweden than in the north. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PEAT BOG AND ACID FEN VEGETATION IN THE TREBON BASIN. 0887461 Dykyjova, D. Drbal, K. PRESLIA., vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 73-91 LANGUAGE(S)- CHECK PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- CHECK ENGLISH RUSSIAN TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Chemismus rostlin prechodovych raselinist a kyselych slatinist Trebonska TAPE ISS- 0485 COMPANY RELATED- Bot. Ustav Csav, Hydrobiol Addeleni, 379 82 Trebon, Czechoslovakia NDN- 032-0077-9169-2 Chemical content and energetic value (combustion heat) of characteristic species from peat bogs, acid fens and flooded meadows in the wetland region of the Trebon basin are presented and the relations to trophic conditions of the habitats are discused. Trophic gradients and the successive pollution of different biotopes, especially the accumulation of microelements are compared with several Scandinavian biotopes. VEGETATION CHANGES OF A DANISH MIRE 1957-1981 Hansen, K. Madsen, K. J. 0895501 NORD. J. BOT , vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 481-490 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- O485 COMPANY RELATED- Bot. Inst., R. Vet. and Agric. Univ., Rolighedsvej 23, DK-1958 Copenhagen V, Denmark NDN- 032-0077-5403-1 A Danish mire influenced by culture until ca. 100 years ago and since then with incipient growth of Betula pubescens , was analyzed in 1957 and 1981 with regard to height of the Betula trees and cover percentage of plant species in the field layer Betula showed considerable changes with a net intake of 10 trees (23%) and a net loss of 23 trees (52%) Analyses from 1981 demonstrate that usually the light conditions and/or the water content and rarely the bulk density of the soil is correlated with the change in cover of the individual species. For some species it is also shown that the change is correlated with the strongly increased cover of Empetrum in particular The changes are finally illustrated by showing the position of the species along ecological gradients in 1981. 40 ------- FIELD STUDIES ON THE BREAKDOWN OF NUPHAR LUTEA (L.) SM. (NYMPHAEACEAE) . AND A COMPARISON OF THREE MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR ORGANIC WEIGHT LOSS. 0911205 Brock, T M . C. M. de Lyon, M. J. H. van Laar, E. M. J. M. van Loon, E. M. AQUAT EOT , vol 21, no. 1, pp. 1-22 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0485 COMPANY RELATED- Lab. Aquat . Ecol . , Catholic Univ , Toernooive1d, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, Netherlands NDN- 032-0077-0890-7 Composite exponential models fit the decay data better than the "simple exponential function" However, it was difficult to interpret the individual estimates of the composite exponential models in terms of overall decay The patterns of organic weight loss and nutrient dynamics of decomposing N. lutea depended on which part of the plant was being studied. In general, the above-ground plant parts showed a faster organic weight loss and a faster nutrient release than the underground structures. The breakdown of N. lutea leaves was considerably faster in summer than in autumn. THE BREAKDOWN OF MACROPHYTES IN A RESERVOIR WETLAND. Hill, B. H. 0911209 AOUAT EOT , vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 23-31 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1985. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0485 COMPANY RELATED- Grad. Program Environ. Sci., Univ. Texas, P 0. Box 830688, Richardson, TX 75083-0688, USA NDN- 032-0077-0887-1 Weight losses from leaf laminae and petioles of Nelumbo lutea (Willd.) Pers., and from leaves of Ludwigia leptocarpa (Nutt.) Hara and Typha angustifolia L., were measured by exposing air-dried leaf material in nylon mesh bags at upper (exposed 25 days, inundated 40 days) and lower (inundated 154 days) wetland sites in a Texas reservoir No significant differences were found between sites. Breakdown rates (in percentage of ash free dry weight lost per day) for the 4 litter types were: Nelumbo leaves 0.01O8 plus or minus O.O016; Ludwigia - 0.0050 plus or minus O.OO07; Typha O.OO47 plus or minus 0.0006; Nelumbo petioles 0.0033 plus or minus 0.0010. Times required for a 95% loss of litter, based on an exponential model, are 278 days, 600 days, 638 days and 909 days for these 4 1itter types, respectively These rates are comparable to those reported for emergent aquatic macrophytes in other lakes and wetlands. (PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON AQUATIC OLIGOCHAETE BIOLOGY) 0875066 Bonomi, G. Erseus, C. (eds.) HYDROBIOLOGIA., vol SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- Symposium on Aquatic CONF.DATE- Sep 1982 115 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. ENGLISH TYPE- BOOK CONF.NAME- 2. International Oligochaete Biology CONF.PLACE- Pallanza (Italy) TAPE ISS- 0385 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Zool., University Coll 032-0076-7251-6 Belfield, Stillorgan Rd., Dublin 4, Eire NDN- The enchytraeidae are essentially terrestrial oligochaetes but many species have marked aquatic tendencies. In a survey of Irish wetlands, samples were taken from bog, heath, marsh, fen, margins of lakes and rivers, and salt marsh. The influence of various environmental parameters was determined using ordination techniques. Magnesium and pH were found to the most important factors. A high level of magnesium distinguished coastal sites and pH 5.2 separated two clusters representing acid peat and marsh-ten-aquatic sites. Groups of indicator species characterized each of the three clusters. The ecological distribution of the indicator species is described, and their usefulness in a classifying enchytraeid communities is discussed. 4 1 ------- MOISTURE CONDITIONS IN HUMMOCKS AND HOLLOWS IN VIRGIN AND DRAINED SITES ON THE RAISED BOG LAAVIOSUO, SOUTHERN FINLAND. 0876O95 Lindholrn, T Markkula, I. ANN. BOT. FENN., vol 21, no. 3, pp. 241-255 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0385 COMPANY RELATED- Lammi Biol Stn., Univ. Helsinki, SF-16900 Lammi, Finland NDN- 032-0076-6484-6 The dynamics of the water table and soil water tension in the surface peat was studied in a raised bog. Comparisons were made between hummocks and hollows in two consecutive summers, and also between virgin and drained sites. In most cases a linear regression gave a good fit for the relationship between soil water tension in the surface peat and the distance to the water table. An exception was the relationship in the drained hummock, where the water table was lower; when rain occurred as infrequent showers, the relationship between the soil water tension and the water table level was logarithmic. Under such conditions, the moisture tension in the drained hummock was mainly regulated by the rain and not by the height of the water table. Hollows which are wet in the virgin state remain rather wet even after drainage. The relationship between the height of the water table and soil water tension was similar at different depths in the surface peat; only the magnitude of the tension changed with the depth in the peat. THE VEGETATION AND WATER CHEMISTRY OF FOUR OLIGOTROPHIC BASIN MIRES IN NORTHWESTERN ONTARIO. 0851672 Vi tt, D. H. Bayley, S. CAN. J. BOT , vol. 62, no. 7, pp. 1485-1500 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH FRENCH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0285 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot. , Univ Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. T6G 2E9, Canada NDN- 032-0076-0666-4 Four small oligotrophic basin mires on the Precambrian shield were quantitatively analyzed for vegetation patterns and surface water and groundwater chemistry. Mean concentrations of ions in the surface waters of all vegetation stands indicate these mires to be characterized by low calcium content, low corrected conductivity and relatively high pH. Significant differences in pH, Ca, and Mg occur between the interior and edge portions of this bog. Water chemistry from portions burned in 1974 showed no difference from unburned portions. More ombrotrophic areas are dominated by Sphagnum fuscum Ca, Mg, and Fe concentrations, pH, and corrected conductivity were reduced through this sequence. Comparison of weekly samples of water entering and leaving this mire in 1981 showed a reduction of Ca, Mg, SO sub(4), NO sub(3) N, alkalinity, and pH. VEGETATION OF THREE MOUNTAIN MIRES, WEST TAUPO, NEW ZEALAND. 0852115 Clarkson, B. R. N.Z. J. BOT , vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 361-375 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0285 COMPANY RELATED- Bot. Div., DSIR, c/o FRI, Private Bag, Rotorua, New Zealand NDN- 032-0076-0597-5 The vegetation pattern of three mountain mires in the upper Ongarue River catchment, west Taupo, is described and a species list presented. Data were collected from systematically located plots, using a modified Braun-Blanquet cover scale. Ordination techniques arranged the plots and species in a sequence from sedge-fernl and through shrubland to forest, following a gradient of increasingly better drainage. Plot classification identified four mappable floristic groups which reflect drainage conditions and mire nutrient status, the largest mire being oligotrophic, the others mesotrophic. 42 ------- TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DYNAMICS OF WATERFOWL POPULATIONS IN A WETLAND AREA: A COMMUNITY ECOLOGICAL APPROACH. 0866457 Poeysae , H. ORNIS FENN., vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 99-108 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH FINNISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE ISS- 0285 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol., Univ Joensuu, Box 111, SF-80101 Joensuu, Finland NDN- 032-0075-4320-6 The temporal (long-term and short-term) and spatial dynamics of the waterfowl populations in the Siikalahti wetland area was studied in the light of competition theory This theory predicts that in a saturated, resource-1 imi ted community ecologically closely related species will show compensatory population dynamics. The overall spatio-temporal dynamics did not fulfil the prediction that opposite trends will be shown by two species overlapping greatly in two-dimensional (feeding habitat and feeding method) niche space. Altogether the results suggest that in the waterfowl community studied the sizes of the breeding populations of the species are not in resource-defined competitive equibrium. THE WETLAND VASCULAR FLORA OF FOUR SEEPS IN MCDONOUGH COUNTY, ILLINOIS. 0825825 Henry, R. D. Scott, A. R. PHYTOLOGIA., vol 56, no. 1, pp. 1-15 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8501 COMPANY RELATED- R.M. Myers Herbarium, Western Illinois Univ , Macomb, IL 61455, USA NDN- 032-0075-4033-4 The wetland vascular floras of four herbaceous-dominated west-central Illinois seeps that drain into tributaries of the Lamoine River were studied during 1983. Three were alkaline seeps and one was acid. Although there were some floristic differences among the seeps, in totality there were represented three divisions, 37 families, 71 genera and 122 species recorded with the Magnoliophyta being the largest taxon. Only seven species (5.7%) occurred in all four seeps. THE DISTRIBUTION OF CROCIDURA RUSSULA AND CROCIDURA LEUCODON IN WESER MARSHLANDS OF BREMEN. O826059 Roschen, A. Hellbernd, L. Nettmann, H.-K. 2. SAEUGETIERKD . , vol 49, no. 2, pp. 70-74 LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN PUBL DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Dis Verbreitung von Crocidura russula und Crocidura 1eucodon in der Bremer Wesermarsch TAPE NUMBER- 8501 COMPANY RELATED- Arbeitsgruppe Evolutionsbiol , Univ Bremen, Bremen, FRG NDN- 032-0075-3818-4 As a result of a faunistic research-program new records of whitetooth-shrews (Crocidurinae) from the area of Bremen are presented. The distribution-1imits of both species in this local area are documented. There is no evidence for the postulated recent decline of C. 1eucodon at this areal-limit. The presence of C. russula may be interpreted as a result of recent colonisation or of an older overlooked existence. 43 ------- THE DYNAMICS OF SPHAGNUM IN FOREST AND PEATLAND COMMUNITIES IN SOUTHEASTERN LABRADOR, CANADA. 0800815 Foster, D. R. ARCTIC., vol. 37. no. 2, pp. 133-140 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984 ' SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH FRENCH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 1184 COMPANY RELATED- Harvard Univ., Harvard For., Petersham, MA 01366, USA NDN- 032-0073-4590-1 Long fire rotation, high levels of precipitation, and acidic nature of the bedrock are factors contributing to the dominance of Sphagnum in many upland and peatland communities in southeastern Labrador Vegetation development induced by local or regional environmental change frequently involves replacement of species assemblages of various bryophytes and lichens by species assemblages dominated by Sphagnum In upland forests the successional sequence following fire often culminates in a carpet of S. girgensohnii overgrowing feather mosses. Similarly, following a change in the water table, S. lindbergii encroaches as a broad carpet over Cladopodiel1 a fluitans and Gymnocolea inflanta on recently exposed mud bottoms in bog hollows. On bog hummocks, following fire or changes in the moisture regime, S. fuscum overtops Cladonia lichens to form a pronounced recurrence horizon. METHANE PRODUCTION IN MINNESOTA PEATLANDS. 0786123 Williams, R. T Crawford, R. L. APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL., vol 47, no. 6, pp. 1266-1271 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 1084 COMPANY RELATED- Univ Minnesota, Gray Freshwat. Biol. Inst., Navarre, MN 55392, USA NDN- 032-0072-3217-0 Rates of methane production in Minnesota peats were studied. Surface (10- to 25-cm) peats produced an average of 228 nmol of CH sub(4) per g (dry weight) per h at 25 degree C and ambient pH. Methanogenesis rates generally decreased with depth in ombrotrophic peats, but on occasion were observed to rise within deeper layers of certain fen peats. Methane production was temperature dependent, increasing with increasing temperature (4 to 30 degree C), except in peats from deeper layers. Maximal methoanogenesis from these deeper regions occurred at 12 degree C. Methane production rates were also pH dependent. RIVERS AND WETLANDS. 0769138 Doherty, J. Pilkington, J. HAMPSHIRES COUNTRYSIDE HERITAGE., PUBLISHER- HAMPSHIRE COUNTY COUNCILPUB.PLACE- WINCHESTER (UK) no. 3 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. TYPE- BOOK ISBN- ISBN 0-900908-76-9 NOTES- Price: 1.95 pounds sterling. TAPE NUMBER- 0984 NDN- 032-0071-4487-3 NO-ABSTRACT MODERN POLLEN ASSEMBLAGES AND VEGETATION IN THE MYRTLE LAKE PEATLAND, MINNESOTA. 0741335 Janssen, C. R. ECOL. MONOGR., vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 213-252 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0884 COMPANY RELATED- Lab. Palaeobot. and Palynol., State Univ Utrecht, Netherlands NDN- 032-0070-9371-0 Pollen grains and spores in moss polsters are compared with vegetation along transects across vegetational gradients in a large peatland in northern Minnesota. The distribution, percentage values, and source of 135 pollen and spore types are traced and related to the broad-scale vegetation pattern in the midwestern United States, and to the fine-scale vegetation pattern in the peatland. The pollen assemblages of taxa presently not growing in the 44 ------- peatland constitute the regional pollen deposition, with nearly constant proportions of pollen types distributed across the study area. Regional pollen values are compared for several peatlands in northern Minnesota and with the regional forest composition. The fine-scale pattern of peatland vegetation types corresponds well with the spatial pattern of the local pollen assemPlages. Peatland vegetation types are characterized on the basis of these pollen assemblages. Conclusions on development of peatland vegetation can be drawn from local pollen assemblages preserved cores. in sediment ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION AND CRUDE DENSITY OF BREEDING BIRDS ON PRAIRIE WETLANDS 0741341 Kantrud, H. A. Stewart, R. E. J. WILDL. MANAGE., vol 48, no. 2, pp. 426-437 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0884 COMPANY RELATED- U.S. Fish and Wildl Serv , Northern Prairie Wildl Res. Cent., Jamestown, ND 58401, USA NDN- 032-0070-9368-6 Breeding population of 28 waterfowl (Anatidae) were prairie pothole region of nearly two--thirds of the whereas seasonal wetlands were used by 20 species species of wetland-dwelling birds other than censused on 1,321 wetlands lying within the North Dakota. Semipermanent wetlands supported population and were used by all 22 species, contained about one-third of the population and Semipermanent, fen, and temporary wetlands contained highest bird densities on the basis of wetland area; on the basis of wetland unit, densities were highest on semipermanent, permanent, alkal i , and fen wetlands The highest ranking of semipermanent wetlands by all three measures of use was probably because these wetlands, as well as being relatively numerous and large, were vegetatively diverse. The fairly large proportion of the bird population supported by seasonal wetlands was a result of wetland abundance and moderate vegetative diversity THE NORFOLK BROADLAND: 0741369 EXPERIMENTS IN THE RESTORATION OF A COMPLEX WETLAND Moss, B. BIOL. REV CAMB. PHILOS. SOC.. vol. 58, no 4, pp. 1983 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0884 COMPANY RELATED- Sch. Environ. Sci , Univ East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK NDN- O32-007O-9347-4 British landscapes variedly as the riv Anglia. Here, on a with the growth of exploitation of the communities, who in Subsequently social area to greater uni restoration of some played. This review assesses the degree have been fashioned by man more than most, but few so ers , lakes and swamps of the Norfolk Broadland in East stage set by the retreat of ice. an ecological play began extensive valley swamps. It continued with the swamps and their underlying peat by mediaeval and later doing so incidentally diversified the habitats. changes and more intense exploitation have brought the formity and lesser interest. The final act, involving of the past diversity, is still being written as it is outlines the past and recent ecology of the waterway and to which restoration might be achieved. MIRES: SWAMP, BOG, FEN AND MOOR. GENERAL STUDIES. Gore, A. J. P (ed. ) 0747038 ECOSYSTEMS OF THE WORLD., vol. 4A LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. TYPE- BOOK ISBN- ISBN 0-444-42003-7 OTHER NUMB ISBN 0-444-41702-8 TAPE NUMBER- 0884 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Univ St Andrews, St. Andrews KY16 9AL, UK NDN- 032-0070-8402-1 The inspiration behind this book, the unique nature of wetland ecosystems, suggests that the vegetation of mires is not only f1 oristical1y different from that of well-drained land but also physiologically distinct The greater part of the physiological experimentation on the aff&r- + * on plants has unfortunately been carried able to withstand this stress, namely horticulture. There is availabe an extensive literature on the various effects of flooding out on those plants that are least the crop plants of agriculture and extensive literature on the 45 ------- causes of death or loss in yield to crop plants as a result of flooding. Although these studies give an accurate indication of the negative aspects of inundated soils and the hazards these have for plants, they do not give any direct information on the positive attributes that mire plants may possess and which enable them to survive long and frequent periods of flooding. In examining physiological tolerance in an ecological setting it is also necessary to set aside any assessment of the effect of flooding on plant yield. Under the environmentally suboptimal conditions which exist in all mixed-species communities, yield is irrelevant to the succcess of an individual and survival is the only attibute of ecological importance. Many bog plants, although restricted in nature to wetland sites, do in fact grow better when their soils are drained. Thus, in assessing flooding tolerance it is no measure of adaptation to note if a plant grows or not when f1ooded. MIRES: SWAMP. BOG, FEN AND MOOR. GENERAL STUDIES. Gore, A. J. P (ed.) 0747063 ECOSYSTEMS OF THE WORLD., vol. 4A LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. TYPE- BOOK ISBN- ISBN 0-444-42003-7 OTHER NUMB. ISBN 0-444-41702-8 TAPE NUMBER- 0884 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Univ. Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK NDN- 032-0070-8393-1 Swamp, bot, fen and mire communities in general, by definition, are located in situations of excess water: in low-lying depressions, or on flat or very gently sloping surface, where water is constantly at or near the soil surface. In these situations the normal processes of organic decomposition are slowed down or even halted by anaerobiosis, so that the dead macro- and micro-remains of the constituent plants and animals gradually accumulated, layer by layer, over long periods of time, as peat. In this peat there is thus preserved a direct record of the antecedents of the present-day flora and fauna. The following account accordingly examines documented patterns of change in wetland communities, and some of the possible reasons for these changes. WET MEADOW COMMUNITIES OF THE PROTECTED LANDSCAPE REGION JIZERSKE HORY MOUNTAINS. 2. 0747190 Balatova-Tulackova, E. FOLIA GEOBOT. PHYTOTAXON., vol 18, no. 3, pp. 247-286 LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN PUBL. DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Feuchtwiesen des Landschaftschutzgebietes Jizerske hory. 2 TAPE NUMBER- 0884 COMPANY RELATED- Bot. Inst. Tschechoslowakischen Akad. Wissenschaften, 662 61 Brno, Stara 18, Czechoslovakia NDN- 032-0070-8334-7 The present paper is the second part of a vegetation-ecological study dealing with Calthenion communities of the protected landscape region Jizerske hory mountains. The following Cirsium -rich wet meadow communities are dealt with: Polygono-Cirsietum-palustris Bal.-Tul. 1974, Polygono-Cirsietum heterophyl1i Bal.-Tul. 1975, Angelico-Cirsietum palustris Bal -Tul 1973, and Angelico-Cirsietum oleracei Tx . 1937 MIRES: SWAMP, BOG, FEN AND MOOR. REGIONAL STUDIES. Gore, A. J. P (ed.) 0747541 ECOSYSTEMS OF THE WORLD., vol. 4B LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. TYPE- BOOK ISBN- ISBN 0-444-42004-5 OTHER NUMB. ISBN 0-444-41702-8 TAPE NUMBER- 0884 COMPANY RELATED- Inst. Terr. Ecol . , Monks Wood Exp. Stn., Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon, Cambs, PE17 2LS, UK NDN- 032-0070-8102-3 The incidence of catastrophic change in the wetland environment clearly reflects a complex interplay of a variety of factors, including the potential of the natural environment for agricultural, si1vicultural and other uses, and the technological resources, administrative competence, and social aspirations of each generation of land users. The outcome of this historic interplay is the environment of today. In order to study the various factors in promoting catastrophic change it may be helpful to look 46 ------- in rather more detail at a limited geographical area. This chapter will focus on the changes that have taken place in the Huntingdonshire fenlands of Britain since the seventeenth century It will be based on historical evidence obtained from printed sources and documents in official and private archives. There had been numerous attempts to improve the drainage of parts of the fenland region. Many of the ventures were piecemeal in conception and shortlived in their impact. PLANT COMMUNITIES OF TASMANIAN WETLANDS. 0720982 K i rkpatr i ck, J . AUST J. BOT , DATE- 1983. NUMBER- 0784 G . P . 0 . , Hobart Harwood, C E. VOl 31, no. 5, pp. 437-451 SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Geogr Tas. 7001, Australia NDN- LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE , Umv Tasmania, Box 252C , 032-0070-3341-A The macrophytic vegetation of Tasmaman wetlands consists of forest, scrub, marginal herbland, tussock sedgeland, sedgeland, reed swamp and aquatic herbland. More than 80 taxa dominate or codominate in at least one division of at least one fo the 530 wetlands from which data were obtained. Communities dominated by each of 16 of these taxa occur in 10 or more wetlands and vary in mean richness from 4 to 18 species, richness increasing towards the margins of wetlands, with the area of wetland, and with decreasing salinity, A combination of salimty and permanence indices explains over one-third of the floristic variation between these communities; within freshwater wetlands, pH has more influence than the permanence index. The Tasmanian wetland flora is a subset of that of mainland Australia. Most Tasmanian wetland plant communities probably occur on the Australian mainland. Many of the wetland vegetation types discriminated on the mainland do not occur in Tasmanian non-tidal wet 1ands. MARL WETLANDS IN EASTERN WEST VIRGINIA: DISTRIBUTION, RARE PLANT SPECIES, AND RECENT HISTORY 0729358 Bartgis, R. L. Lang, G. E. CASTANEA., vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 17-25 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL DATE- 1984. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0784 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol , West Virginia Univ , Morgantown, WV 26506, USA NDN- 032-007O-2377-4 Ten wetlands, each at least 1 ha in size, are associated with marl deposits in eastern West Virginia These wetlands contain a predominantly herbaceous, calciphilic flora which includes twenty-seven species of vascular plants considered to be rare in the state Disturbances, including drainage, impoundment, and grazing, have been widespread and may have led to a reduction in the number of rare species that occur within a wetland. MODELLING OF MATTER CYCLE IN A MESOTROPHIC BOG ECOSYSTEM CARBON ENVIRONS. 0729672 LINEAR ANALYSIS OF Logofet, D. 0. Alexandrov, G. A ECOL. MODEL . , DATE- 1984. NUMBER- 0784 107053, USSR vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 247-258 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE COMPANY RELATED- Cent. Int. Proj., P.O. Box 438, Moscow NDN- 032-O070-2325-6 By means of environ analysis the four-compartment model of matter cycle through the ecosystem of a mesotrophic bog is investigated. The aggregated compartments are. plants, animals, fungi combined with bacteria, and litter The model is based on data obtained by observations and estimations made on the experimental area of "Tajozhny Log" located in the southern taiga sub-zone. Environ analysis enables one to set up, in the quantitative form, certain conclusions on the relative importance of individual system components and diverse processes in the matter cycle, as well as to obtain a number of quantitative characteristics of the turnover Environ analysis is discussed as a preliminary stage in developing more complex, dynamic models of the matter cycle. 47 ------- HIGHER VERTEBRATES OF THE HACKENSACK RIVER TIDAL MARSHES. 0699827 Bosakowski, T Pitler. R. UNDERWAT NAT vol 14 no. 4, pp. 18-23 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1984. 'lYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0684 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Toxicol and Pathol , Hoffmann-La Roche, Inc., Nut ley, NJ , USA NDN- 032-0069-8966-4 These pages represent a summary of fieldwork in the area commonly known as the Hackensack Meadowlands, some 20,000 acres of low land west of New York City. The authors claim to have unraveled a nearly complete picture of the vertebrate fauna inhabiting these wetlands. They have attempted to synthesize a generalized guide the Meadowlands' vertebrates (excluding fish) In order to help fill-in the gaps or prevent redundancy, the recent works of several investigators have been reviewed or incorporated into the account. PREVALENCE OF CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM TYPE C IN SUBSTRATES OF PHOSPHATE-MINE SETTLING PONDS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR EPIZOOTICS OF AVIAN BOTULISM. 0708144 Marion, W. R. O'Meara, T E. Riddle, G. D. Berkhoff, H. A. J. WILDL. DIS., vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 302-307 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0684 COMPANY RELATED- Sen. For. Resour . and Conserv , Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA NDN- 032-0069-6386-4 Prevalence and conditions for occurrence of C. botulinum type C were examined on phosphate-mine settling ponds and a natural wetland in northern Florida between April 1981 and March 1982. Substrate samples were collected monthly (winter) and semi-monthly (summer) from 16 locations on seven ponds. Selected environmental parameters were measured at each location at the time of sampling. Mouse inoculation tests and toxin neutralization tests using enrichment culture filtrates were conducted to identify C. botulinum type C in the samples. The bacteria were identified in 26 (5.6%) of 467 sediment samples. Occurrences were distributed over four of the seven ponds and included nine of the 16 sample locations, but were restricted to the months April through October The organism occurred over a wide range of ecological conditions found on the ponds during these months. If the presence of C. botulinum type C in the substrate is a prerequisite for botulism to occur, the prevalence and fairly wide distribution of this organism on settling ponds makes it difficult to predict where future outbreaks may occur WILD BRITAIN: THE CENTURY BOOK OF MARSHES, FENS AND BROADS. O672925 North, R. PUBLISHER- CENTURYPUB.PLACE- LONDON (UK) 192 pp LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. TYPE- BOOK ISBN- ISBN 0-7126-0195-3 NOTES- Price: 12.95 pounds sterling. TAPE NUMBER- 0484 NDN- 032-0057-8619-A NO-ABSTRACT UTILIZATION AND PROCESSING OF FRESHWATER WETLAND MACROPHYTES BY THE DETRITIVORE ASELLUS FORBESI 0618685 Smock, L. A. Harlowe, K. L. ECOLOGY., vol 64, no. 6, pp. 1556-1565 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0284 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol., Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond, VA 23284, USA NDN- 032-0067-0054-7 Feeding experiments examined the use of freshwater wetland macrophytes as a food resource by the isopod A. forbesi The effects of five factors on isopod consumption and growth rates were studied: species of macrophyte being consumed, length of vegetation conditioning period, size of plant material (CPOM vs. FPOM) isopod size, and nutritional quality of the plant 48 ------- material Consumption rates were low on unconditioned plants but increased significantly following field conditioning. Isopod growth rates increased from no growth on unconditioned plant material to rapid growth on conditioned tissue. Consumption and growth rates varied according to the macrophyte species being consumed, with rates on conditioned macrophytes occurring in the order' Naphar luteum > Peltandra virginica > Saururus cernuus > Pontederia cordata FINDINGS OF CRAB SPIDERS, GENUS HERIAEUS 0639052 IN WETLANDS NEAR ZURICH. Nyffeler, M. Benz, G. MITT. SCHWEIZ. ENTOMOL. GES., vol 55, no. 3-4, pp. 383-384 LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Funde von Krabbenspinnen der Gattung Heriaeus Simon 1875 in zwei Feuchtgebieten bei Zuerich (Araneae, Thomisidae) TAPE NUMBER- 0284 " COMPANY RELATED- Entomol. Inst. ETH, ETH-Zentrum, CH-8092 Zuerich, Switzerland NDN- 032-0066-1302-3 Crab spiders of the genus Heriaeus have been found in a moorland-ecosystem complex and in a megaphorbe meadow (Valeriano-Fi1ipenduletum ) near Zurich (Swi tzerland) THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY, SHOOT BIOMASS AND SPECIES RICHNESS IN GRASSLAND AND WETLAND COMMUNITIES. 0596563 Vermeer, J. G. Berendse, F VEGETATIO., vol 53, no. 2, pp. 121-126 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- O184 COMPANY RELATED- Dep . Landscape Ecol & Nature Manage., Univ. Utrecht, Opaalweg 20, 3523 RP Utrecht, Netherlands NDN- 032-0065-7722-2 The relationship was studied between shoot biomass, nutrient concentration in the soil and number of species per unit area. The study was carried out in two different parts of the Netherlands, the Gelderse Vallei (east of Amersfoort) and the Westbroekse Zodden (northwest of Utrecht) Four series of vegetation and soil samples were taken. The two series in grassland communities show a negative correlation between shoot biomass and species number and a positive correlation between shoot biomass and nutrient concentration in the soil The opposite was found in the series in the fen communities: there was a positive correlation between species number and shoot biomass and a negative correlation between shoot biomass and nutrient concentrations. The series of samples that had been taken in only one wetland community showed an optimum curve for the relation between shoot biomass and number of species. It is concluded that in the plant communities studied the species richness per unit area increases with increasing productivity at low production levels and decreases with increasing productivity at higher production levels. THE RESPONSE OF PLANT SPECIES TO BURIAL IN THREE TYPES OF ALASKAN WETLANDS. 0596864 Valk, A. G. van der Swanson, S. D. Nuss, R. F CAN. J. EOT., vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 1150-1164 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH FRENCH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0184 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 5O011, USA NDN- 032-0065-7513-4 At 15 freshwater lowland, 7 coastal, and 6 alpine sites, a burial experiment was set up with four treatments (0, 5, 10, or 15 cm of sediment) Species in alpine wetlands were damaged most by burial and their average shoot density in the 5-, 10-, and 15-cm treatments was reduced 35, 72, and 93% in 1979 and 28, 54, and 81% in 1980, respectively In coastal wetlands, the average shoot density was 33, 65, and 76% lower in 1979 and 21, 37, and 53% in 1980 in the 5-, 10-, and 15-cm treatments. Species in freshwater lowland wetlands were the least damaged by burial average shoot density was 17, 33, and 47% lower in 1979 and 10, 7, and 39% lower in 1980 in the 5-, 10-, and 15-cm treatments. The responses of three common species (Carex aquatilis, Carex 49 ------- lyngbyei , and Equisetum fluviatile ) to burial varied from site to site. THE ROLE OF DELAWARE RIVER FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLANDS IN THE RETENTION OF NUTRIENTS AND HEAVY METALS. 0550405 Simpson, R. L. Good, R. E. Walker, R. Frasco, B. R. J ENVIRON OUAL., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 41-48 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8311 COMPANY RELATED- Biol. Dep. , Rider Coll , Lawrencevi1le, NJ 08648, USA NDN- 032-0063-5882-1 Tidal cycle budgets for June, August, September, and November 1979 showed that inorganic N was imported to the wetland from the Delaware River early in the growing season and exported late in the growing season. Nitrate and organic nitrogen were imported following macrophyte dieback. Reactive P was never lost from the marsh, and was actually imported on three dates. Total P was imported in July, September, and November, but otherwise exported. The metal present in the lowest concentration, Cd, was always exported; Ni, Cu, and Zn were imported on all but one date. Lead was imported late in the growing season and following macrophyte dieback. Nonpoint-source inputs of Pb exceeded inputs from tidal waters. The vegetation played a major role in the retention of N, P, Cu, Pb, and Ni entering the wetland through the growing season. The litter retained significant quantities of all heavy metals following macrophytoe dieback. It is concluded that freshwater tidal wetlands play an important seasonal role in reducing nutrient and heavy metal loading in the upper Delware River estuary. EFFECTS OF PERMANENT FLOODING ON CAREZ -EQUISETUM WETLANDS IN NORTHERN SWEDEN. 0529143 Sjoeberg, K. Danel1, K. AOUAT EOT , vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 275-286 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8310 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Wild!. Ecol., Swedish Univ. Agric. Sci , S-901 83 Umeae, Sweden NDN- 032-0052-5680-5 The effect of flooding areas of former, periodically flooded water-meadows in northern Sweden was studied in two areas for two and three years, respectively The vegetation consisted mainly of Equisetum fluviatile L., Carex rostrata Stokes, Carex aquatilis Wahlenb., Comarum palustre L., and Lysimachia thyrsiflora L. Increase in water depth caused a significant decrease in the species number Carex rostrata, C. aquatilis and Lysimachia thyrsiflora were almost eliminated (although Carex aquatilis seemed to be somewhat more tolerant to the increased water depth) Equisetum fluviatile was unafffected, except for increase in shoot length, while the effect of flooding on Comarum palustre was intermediate. The practical application of flooding is discussed with regard to habitat management for waterfowl. SPOONBILL (PLATALEA LEUCORODIA L.) NESTING IN LAC DE GRAND-LIEU 0529272 Marion, L. Marion, P ALAUDA., vol 50, no. 3, pp. 241-249 LANGUAGE(S)- FRENCH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH FRENCH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- La spatule blanche (Platalea leucorodia L.) niche au Lac de Grand-Lieu TAPE NUMBER- 8310 COMPANY RELATED- 36 Rue Eugene-Pottier , 44340 Bouguenais, France NDN- 032-0062-5609-3 The first breeding of spoonbills Platalea leucorodia in France since the 16th Century is described. In 1981, 3 pairs bred at Lac de Grand-Lieu (Loire-Atlantique), in march Salix forest with deep mud-banks, approachable with great difficulty and only during a short time of the year by man. Only 2 nests could be checked; 3 young were raised, but one was killed by a predator after fledging. Changes in wetland ecology in western France during this century, and in 1981 at Grand-Lieu, are discussed. 50 ------- PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, DECOMPOSITION AND CONSUMER ACTIVITY IN FRESHWATER WETLANDS. 0485280 Brinson, M. M. Lugo, A. E. Brown, S. ANN. REV. ECOL. SYST , vol. 12, pp. 123-161 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1981 TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0883 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biol , East Carolina Univ , Greenville, NC 27834, USA NDN- 032-0060-4121-8 This review deals with energy flow through wetland ecosystems in the broadest sense. Solar energy drives primary productivity and auxiliary energy sources include water flow, water level fluctuation, nutrient inputs, sediment transport, and geomorphologic structure. The authors present data in water-movement categories to illustrate effects of water flow on metabolism. Similarly they do not limit consideration of the role of consumers to that of secondary production, but rather review additional functions such as control of energy flow and the recycling of nutrients. They examined the data with the goal of identifying principles and concepts peculiar to wetlands or at least different from their aquatic and terrestrial counterparts. THE ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLANDS. 0470152 Simpson, R. L. Good, R. E. Leek, M. A. Whigham, D. F BIOSCIENCE., vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 255-259 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0783 COMPANY RELATED- Biol Dep., Rider Coll , Lawrencevi11e, NJ O8648, USA NDN- 032-0059-6907-4 Freshwater tidal wetlands act as buffers between upstream ecosystems and the estuary. They display high macrophyte diversity, distinct zonation patterns, and dynamic seed banks. Primary production and decomposition proceed at high rates. They serve as habitat for fish and wildlife and may act as sinks for nutrients and heavy metals. COMMUNITY ARCHITECTURE BIOMASS AND PRODUCTION IN SOME TYPICAL WETLANDS OF KASHMIR. 0435625 Kaul, S. INDIAN J. ECOL., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 320-329 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- O683 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Biosci , Himachal Pradesh Univ., Simla, India NDN- 032-0059-6193-4 The present study revealed macrophytes as the main contributors of carbon fixation with the macrophytic biomass in sites I (Maglam), II (Hygam) and III (Newgam) dominated by emergent species and IV (Mirgound) and V (Hoakersar) by rooted floating leaf types. The species wise contribution in above ground biomass (AGB) and below ground biomass (BGB) showed a kind of similarity between I, II and II sites while IV and V sites formed a different group. On comparative basis, the highest contribution to AGB was obtained at site II followed by III, V, I and IV in decreasing order Almost a similar kind of trend was observed in BGB also, depicting IV and V as somewhat ephemeral types, sustaining a very small number of perennial species. The accumulation and flow rates were highest in site II and lowest in site IV. Litter showed higher and positive production values from summer and touched peak in late fall and winter 51 ------- FEEDING ECOLOGY OF BREEDING BIRDS IN FIVE WETLANDS OF KASHMIR. 0435639 Pandit, A. INDIAN J. ECOL., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 181-190 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 0583 COMPANY RELATED- Cent. Res. Dev , Univ. Kashmir. Srinagar-190006, India NDN- 032-0059-6183-1 The food habits of 14 species of wild birds were studied over a period of four years (1975-1978) in five different wetlands of Kashmir Only four species of these are summer migrants while the other ten are residents. They have been classified as carnivores, omnivores, insectivores and piscivores. The differences in the diet of wild birds are attributable mainly to the availability and abundance of food items and the changing nutritional requirements and adaptive feeding behaviour of the birds. High consumption of animal foods during breeding season is presumably due to the superiority of animal food to plant food in providing high protein content to maintain body functions. DETERMINANTS OF THE USE OF HABITAT BY HORSES IN A MEDITERRANEAN WETLAND. 0436399 Duncan, P J. ANIM. ECOL., vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 93-1O9 DATE- 1983. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH NUMBER- 0683 COMPANY RELATED- Stn. Biol Aries, France NDN- 032-O059-5834-8 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE Tour du Valat, Le Sarnbuc, 13200 The distribution of horses living in semi-liberty in 335 ha of a Mediterranean deltaic environment has been studied over 6 years as part of a broader programme of research on the behaviour and ecology of the horses. Though the weather and biting insects had some effects on the horses' distribution particularly for non-feeding activities, the abundance of their food was the only good predictor of their habitat preferences for feeding activities. The horses preferred the areas with the greatest concentrations of high quality food (green plant matter) as long as areas with a reasonable concentration (> 90 g m super(-2)) were available. It is argued that the primary function of selection of feeding habitat by these horses was to maximize their intake of high quality food. WETLAND SALINITY AND SALT GLAND SIZE IN THE REDHEAD AYTHYA AMERICANA 0409566 Corneli us, S. E. AUK., vol. 99, no. 4, pp. 774-778 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8304 COMPANY RELATED- R.R. 3, Box 216, Mountain View, MO 65548, USA NDN- 032-0058-8893-A During studies of the ecology of wintering Redheads (Aythya americana ) (Cornelius 1977), the author removed and weighed salt glands from various waterfowl species to determine whether or not correlations exist between gland size and the severity of and/or length of exposure to saltwater envi ronments. 52 ------- PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES. 0412867 Feller, A. C. TECH. REP. U.S. ARMY ENG. WATERWAYS EXP. STN., 55 pp LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- REPORT PATENT- WES-TR-Y-78-6 NOTES- NTIS Order No.: AD-A117 874/8 TAPE NUMBER- 8304 COMPANY RELATED- Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS (USA) NDN- 032-0058-7045-5 This guide to the major plant associations and communities found in wetlands within the Interior Region of the U.S. is one of a series of eight such guides, each prepared by a specialist or specialists familiar with the wetlands in the region covered by the guide. The guides are intended for distribution to the various U.S. Army Engineer Districts for use in the onsite technical identification and delineation of wetlands. PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC UNITED STATES. 0412984 Huffman, R. T Tucker, G. E. Wooten, J. W. Klimas, C. Freel, M. W. TECH. REP. U.S. ARMY ENG. WATERWAYS EXP. STN., 65 pp LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- REPORT PATENT- WES-TR-Y-78-7 NOTES- NTIS Order No. AD-A117 846/6. TAPE NUMBER- 8304 COMPANY RELATED- Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Stn., Vicksburg, MS (USA) Environ. Lab. NDN- 032-0058-7026-7 This guide to the major plant associations and communities found in wetlands within the South Atlantic region of the United States is one of a series of eight such guides, each prepared by a specialist or specialists familiar with the wetlands in the region covered by the guide. The guides are intended for distributions to the various U.S Army Engineer Districts for use in the onsite technical identification and delineation of wetland boundaries. The classification system in this guide is adapted from the utilized by the National Wetland Inventory (NWI) Project of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, but frequently departs from NWI's system to describe common and/or distinct wetland communities or associations. PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC UNITED STATES. 0413136 Huffman, R. T Tucker, G. E. Wooten, J. W. Klimas, C. V Freel, M. W TECH REP U.S. ARMY ENG. WATERWAYS EXP. STN., 59 pp LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- REPORT PATENT- WES-TR-Y-78-8 NOTES- NTIS Order No.: AD-A117 804/5. TAPE NUMBER- 8304 COMPANY RELATED- Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Stn., Vicksburg, MS (USA). Environ. Lab. NDN- 032-0058-7015-4 This guide to the major plant associations and communities found in wetland within the North Atlantic region of the United States is one of a series of eight such guides, each prepared by a specialist or specialists familiar with the wetlands in the region covered by the guide. The guides are intended for distribution to the various U.S. Army Engeineer Districts for use in the onsite technical identification and delineation of wetland boundar i es. 53 ------- DEVELOPMENT OF VEGETATION ON SOME DRAINED MIRE SITE TYPES IN NORTH-OSTROBOTHNIA. 0424769 P i eni mak i, T SUO., vol. 33, no. 4-5, pp. 113-123 LANGUAGE(S)- FINNISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH FINNISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Kasvi11isuuden ojituksenjaelkeinen kehitys eraeillae suotypei1lae Pohjois-Pohjanmaal 1 a TAPE NUMBER- 8304 COMPANY RELATED- Kansankatu 14A 5, SF-96100 Rovaniemi 10, Finland NDN- 032-0057-9324-3 This paper deals with the ground vegetation succession in different mire site types (herbage sedge birch-pine swamp, Sphagnum papillosum bog) drained in the 1930's. THE VEGETATION OF THE CANADIAN PRAIRIE PROVINCES. III. AQUATIC AND SEMI-AQUATIC VEGETATION. 0375432 Looman, J. PHYTOCDENOLOGIA., vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 473-497 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1981 SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8301-03 COMPANY RELATED- Res. Stn., Res. Branch, Agric. Canada, Swift Current, Sask. S9H 3X2, Canada NDN- 032-0056-4020-2 The aquatic and semi-aquatic vegetation of the Prairie Provinces include: 1, the salt marshes and salt meadows, 2, freshwater marshes, and 3, aquatic vegetation. To classify water on a scale comparable to that of the Venice system, electric conductance is related to Cl super(-) content and expressed as EC mmhos/cm. In this paper, salt marshes and salt meadows are classified. Several new classification units are proposed, including one class and two class groups. The vegetation units proposed allow for classification of units in the Prairie provinces with comparable vegetation i n Euras i a. HYGIENIC SITUATION OF MOIST TERRITORY OF CAGLIARI. 0370624 Cioglia, A. M. Palmas, F Contu, A. Dessi, S. Meloni, P Lauro, G. IG. MOD., vol 78, no. 2, pp. 135-149 LANGUAGE(S)- ITALIAN PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH ITALIAN TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Le zone umide del territorio di Cagliari il bellarosa minore e il canale di terramaini Nota I: Contaminazine microbica delle acque del complesso TAPE NUMBER- 8301-03 COMPANY RELATED- 1st. Ig. Univ Degli Studi Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy NDN- 032-OO56-3400-3 The hygienic situation of moist north oriental section of Cagliari territory (Bellarosa minore marsh and Terramaini channel) has been examined for general and specific microbial pollution. Dangerous situations under both a hygienic and naturalistic point of view have been ascertained. Water's depuration for territory healing and avifauna protection appears indi spensable. (ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE BIRD COMMUNITY OF THE PROTECTED AREA OF NAJASA (CAMAGUEY).) 0360804 Berovides Alvarez, V Gonzalez, H. Ibarra, M. E. POEYANA., no. 239 LANGUAGE(S)- SPANISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- BOOK ORIG.TITLE- Evaluacion ecologica de las comunidades de aves del area protegida de Najasa (Comagueey) TAPE NUMBER- 8301-03 COMPANY RELATED- Fac. Biol , Univ La Habana, Havana, Cuba NDN- 032-0055-9895-4 Two ornithocenosis, one in semideciduous woods and the other in marshes, were evaluated in the Protected Area of Najasa, Camagueey Province. During a month (March, 1978), the local birds of the area were analized as regards percentage of gregarious and migratory birds in both communities, and relative abundance and dominant species in each ecosystem. A check list of all species observed in the area is included. 54 ------- DEVELOPMENT OF VEGETATION ON SOME DRAINED MIRE SITE TYPES IN NORTH-OSTROBOTHNIA. 0424769 P i en i mak i , T SUO., vol. 33, no. 4-5, pp. 113-123 LANGUAGE(S)- FINNISH PUBL . DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH FINNISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Kasvi11isuuden ojituksenjae1keinen kehitys eraeillae suotypeillae Pohjois-Pohjanmaal1 a TAPE NUMBER- 8304-O6 COMPANY RELATED- Kansankatu 14A 5, SF-96100 Rovaniemi 10, Finland NDN- 032-0055-0988-5 Thi s paper site types drained in deal s wi tn the (herbage sedge the 1930's. ground vegetation succession in different rm re birch-pine swamp, Sphagnum papillosum bog) PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC UNITED STATES. 0413136 Huffman, R. T Tucker, G. E. Wooten, J. W Klimas, C. V Freel, M. W. TECH. REP. U.S. ARMY ENG. WATERWAYS EXP. STN., 59 pp LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- REPORT PATENT- WES-TR-Y-78-8 NOTES- NTIS Order No. AD-A117 8O4/5. TAPE NUMBER- 8304-O6 COMPANY RELATED- Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Stn., Vicksburg, MS (USA) Environ. Lab. NDN- 032-0054-3295-3 This guide to the major plant associations and communities found in wetland within the North Atlantic region of the United States is one of a series of eight such guides, each prepared by a specialist or specialists familiar with the wetlands in the region covered by the guide. The guides are intended for distribution to the various U.S Army Engeineer Districts for use in the onsite technical identification and delineation of wetland boundar i es. PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC UNITED STATES. 0412984 Huffman, R. T Tucker, G. E. Wooten, J. W. Klimas, C. Freel, M. W. TECH. REP U.S. ARMY ENG. WATERWAYS EXP. STN., 65 pp LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- REPORT PATENT- WES-TR-Y-78-7 NOTES- NTIS Order No. AD-A117 846/6. TAPE NUMBER- 8304-06 COMPANY RELATED- Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Stn., Vicksburg, MS (USA) Environ. Lab. NDN- 032-0054-3284-5 This guide to the major plant associations and communities found in wetlands within the South Atlantic region of the United States is one of a series of eight such guides, each prepared by a specialist or specialists familiar with the wetlands in the region covered by the quide. The quides are intended for distributions to the various U.S. Army Engineer Districts for use in the onsite technical identification and delineation of wetland boundaries. The classification system in this guide is adapted from the utilized by the National Wetland Inventory (NWI) Project of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, but frequently departs from NWI's system to describe common and/or distinct wetland communities or associations. 55 ------- PRELIMINARY GUIDE TO THE ONSITE IDENTIFICATION AND DELINEATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES. 0412867 Bhagwat, A. S. TECH REP U.S. ARMY ENG. WATERWAYS EXP. STN., 55 pp LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- REPORT PATENT- WES-TR-Y-78-6 NOTES- NTIS Order No. AD-A117 874/8. TAPE NUMBER- 8304-06 COMPANY RELATED- Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS (USA) NDN- 032-0054-3265-3 This guide to the major plant associations and communities found in wetlands within the Interior Region of the U.S. is one of a series of eight such guides, each prepared by a specialist or specialists familiar with the wetlands in the region covered by the guide. The guides are intended for distribution to the various U.S. Army Engineer Districts for use in the onsite technical identification and delineation of wetlands. WETLAND SALINITY AND SALT GLAND SIZE IN THE REDHEAD AYTHYA AMERICANA 0409566 Cornelius, S. E. AUK., vol. 99, no. 4, pp. 774-778 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8304-06 COMPANY RELATED- R.R. 3, Box 216, Mountain View, MO 65548, USA NDN- 032-0054-1414-4 During studies of the ecology of wintering Redheads (Aythya americana ) (Cornelius 1977), the author removed and weighed salt glands from various waterfowl species to determine whether or not correlations exist between gland size and the severity of and/or length of exposure to saltwater environments. STRATIGRAPHY OF A SITE IN THE MUNSARY DUBH LOCHS, CAITHNESS, NORTHERN SCOTLAND: DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRESENT PATTERN. 0336240 Smart, P J. J. ECOL., vol. 70, no. 2, pp. 549-558 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8210-12 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Univ Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK NDN- 032-0053-3679-2 The Munsary Dubh Lochs, NE Scotland, are a good example of a blanket mire whose surface displays a pattern of hummocks, ridges and pools. A description of the vegetation is given with particular emphasis on the contemporary microtopographical features of the mire surface. The development of a part of the patterned surface was investigated by five peat cores extracted from a site about 4 x 2 m in the centre of the mire complex, spanning two elongated pools and an intervening ridge. These cores allowed the three-dimensional pattern to be displayed. The sequence of deposits suggests that a pool phase was initiated relatively early in the development of the mire. This was followed by a period during which it is likely that no pools were present. Later, the present day pool formed in a slightly different position from that of the early pool Various suggestions which have been made to account for patterned surfaces are discussed in relation to the present findings. 56 ------- CLASSIFICATION OF THE PANS OF THE WESTERN ORANGE FREE STATE ACCORDING TO VEGETATION STRUCTURE, WITH REFERENCE TO AVIFAUNAL COMMUNITIES. 0281716 Geldenhuys, J. N. S. AFR. d. WILDL. RES., vol 12, no. 2, pp. 55-62 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- AFRIKAANS ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8207-09 COMPANY RELATED- Orange Free State Div. Nature Conserv., P.O. Box 517, Bloemfonteln 9300, Rep. South Africa NDN- 032-0051-6499-4 Six pan types are described on the basis of emergent vegetation present during periods when the pans are flooded. Statistics on pan distribution, densities and estimates of the number of each type in the western Orange Free State are given. The avifaunal composition differed between pan types. According to the occurrence of waterfowl four pan types with characteristic species were present. The pans in general were important overwintering habitats for palaearctic waders and breeding habitats for the redbilled teal Anas erythrorhyncha Cape shoveller A. smithii , Cape teal A. capensis , spurwinged goose PIectropterus gambensis and yellowbilled duck A. undulata , in that order, during years when rainfall exceeds average. Factors possibly endangering the biological diversity of the pans are listed and conservation strategies suggested. AQUATIC AND MARSH PLANTS OF ALABAMA II. ARECIDAE. Davennport, L. J. Haynes, R. R. 0251398 CASTANEA., vol 46, no. 4, pp. 291-299 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1981. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8207-09 COMPANY RELATED- Dep Biol., P.O. Box 1927, Univ Alabama, University, AL 35486, USA NDN- 032-005O-3598-5 The aquatic families of the Arecidae occurring in Alabama include Araceae and Lemnaceae. A key to the taxa and, for each of the species, county dot distribution maps and characteristics are presented. (WETLANDS. CARE AND PROTECTION OF NATURE'S TREASURES.) 0251395 Anon . WELT DET TIERE., vol 8, no. DATE- 1981 TYPE- JOURNAL und Schutz von Kostbarkeiter 032-0050-3595-0 1, pp. 11-16 LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN PUBL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Fauchtgebiete. Pflege der Nahue TAPE NUMBER- 82O7-09 NDN- Instructions are given for protecting ledge and seed communities in a wetlands region. The importance of artificial islands for seeding birds is stressed. SYSTEM FOR MEASURING METHANE FLUXES FROM INLAND AND COASTAL WETLAND ENVIRONMENTS. 0243114 Sebacher, D. I Harriss, R. C. J. ENVIRON. DUAL., vol 11, no. 1, pp. 34-37 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8207-09 COMPANY RELATED- NASA Langley Res. Cent., Hampton, VA 23665, USA NDN- 032-0050-0804-0 A technique for field measurements of methane fluxes at a water-atmosphere interface as a function of air velocity has been developed and tested. The method uses a partitioned chamber placed over the water surface where the air velocity along the surface can be controlled. CH sub(4) fluxes as low as 2 X 10 super(-3) ( plus or minus 0.05) g m super(-2) day super(-1) were measured in this way, and additional CH sub(4)-flux data were determined as functions of air velocity from 0.9 ( plus or minus 0.1) m sec super(-1) to 4.4 ( plus or minus 0.37) m sec super(-1) Emission rates of gas across an air-water interface is controlled by shear stress of winds in the overlying gas. The authors objective was to develop a relatively simple field system 57 ------- which had the capability of quantitatively controlling air velocity over the water surface within the chamber sampling area. Measurements obtained in a coastal wetland creek demonstrate that the CH, flux passing through a water-atmosphere interface can be quantified as a function of air velocity over the water surface. STUDIES OF WETLANDS IN INDIA WITH EMPHASIS ON STRUCTURE, PRIMARY PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT 0239069 Gopal, B. Sharma, K. P AOUAT EOT vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 81-91 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1982. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8204-06 COMPANY RELATED- Dep. Bot., Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur 4, India NDN- 032-0049-7628-2 This paper briefly reviews the Indian studies on community structure, standing crops and primary production in inland freshwater wetlands. The problem and the state of wetland management in India has also been briefly di scussed. (INVESTIGATIONS OF THE AVIFAUNA OF THE DANUBE DELTA IN OCTOBER, 1979.). 0228676 Kux, 2. ACTA MUS. MORAVIAE., vol. 65, pp. 173-190 LANGUAGE(S)- CHECK PUBL. DATE- 1980. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Prispevek k Poznani Ornithofauny Dunajske Deity v Rijnu R. 1979 TAPE NUMBER- 8204-06 COMPANY RELATED- Zool Oddeleni, Moravske Muz., Brno, Czechoslovakia NDN- 032-0049-3O32-4 The paper summarizes the results of ornithological investigations carried out in the Danube Delta between 12 October and 25 November, 1979. Observations made from aboard a ship or boats were aimed at the occurrence of the most typical avian groups, viz., Anseriformes (n 130,000; Aythya ferina 68%, A. nyroca 16.5%, Netta rufina 10.5%, Anas pi atyrhynchos 3.8%, etc.). Ciconiiformers , and others. Observations made ashore in morning and evening hours in the environs of landing places were aimed at the rather strong passage migrations of certain passeriform birds which could not be observed from aboard the ship. SUCCESSION IN WETLANDS: A GLEASONIAN APPROACH. van der Valk, A. G. 0227092 ECOLOGY., vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 688-696 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1981. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 82O4-06 COMPANY RELATED- Dept. Bot., Iowa State Univ , Ames, IA 50011, USA NDN- 032-0049-1992-0 A qualitative model of succession in freshwater wetlands is proposed, based on the life history features of the species involved. Three key life history traits can be used to characterize wetland species: lie-span, propagule longevity, and propagule establishements. By combining these three life history traits, 12 basic wetland life history types are recognized. For each life history type, the future state (presence only in the form of propagules in the seed bank, presence as adult plants, or complete absence) of each species type in a wetland can be predicted if environmental conditions change. Most of the information needed to apply this model to a particular wetland can be obtained by an examination of a wetland's seed bank. Several examples of succession in North American and African wetlands are presented to illustrate the application of the model 58 ------- THE PATTERNED MIRES OF THE RED LAKE PEATLAND, NORTHERN MINNESOTA: VEGETATION, WATER CHEMISTRY AND LANDFORMS. 0226774 Glaser, P H. Wheeler, G. A. Gorham, E. Wright, H. E.,Jr J. ECOL., vol. 69. no. 2, pp. 575-599 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1981. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8204-05 COMPANY RELATED- Llmnol. Res Ctr , Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA NDN- O32-0049-1720-9 Red Lake Peatland in northern Minnesota covers an area of about 80 x 15 km which is uninterrupted by streams or uplands and consists of a vast patterned complex of raised bogs and water tracks. Infra-red photography and LANDSAT imagery have been used to examine their interrelationships. The major types of vegetation of the Red Lake Peatland were determined subjectively by the Braum-BIanquet method and are characterized by different water chemistry Infra-red aerial photographs and LANDSAT imagery indicate that water flow is channelled across broad surfaces of peat to initiate the development of water tracks, bog drains, and islands that have an ovoid, horeseshoe or teardrop shape. WASTEWATER EFFECTS ON A WATERHYACINTH MARSH AND ADJACENT IMPOUNDMENT 0226449 Vega, A. Ewel, K. C. ENVIRON. MGMT , vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 537-541 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1981. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8204-06 COMPANY RELATED- Fac. Ciencias Letras, Univ Nac. Autonoma, Nicaragua, Leon, Nicaragua, Central America NDN- 032-0049-1430-9 A waterhyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes ) marsh occupying two-thirds of the basin of a small Florida impoundment has received sewage effluent for nearly 20 years. Water from the marsh flows into an area that is maintained free of waterhyacinths, and is discharged through wells at the far end of the impoundment. A water budget for the basin was estimated, and phosphours concentrations were measured monthly at three stations in the marsh and the discharge wells in the lake. Productivity levels were measured monthly where the marsh joins the lake and at the discharge wells. Only 16% of the phosphorus that enters the basin is stored. Gross primary productivity- levels in the open-water areas are very high (22 gO sub(2)m super(2) day), but high respiration rates appear to keep the lake in Steady-State. BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA (TERRESTRIAL ARTHROPODS) PROJECT ON AQUATIC INSECTS OF FRESHWATER WETLANDS. 0208O74 Anon . BULL. ENTOMOL. SOC. CAN., vol 13, no. 4, pp 151-153 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1981. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8204-06 NDN- 032-0048-4685-6 The Biological Survey of Canada has been studying the feasibility of doing research on aquatic insects of Canadian wetlands (cf Bull Entmol. Soc. Can. 12 (4):90 (1980); 13(2):46 (1981)) This note is intended to identify the need for wetlands research to solicit cooperation from persons interested in faumstic studies in Canadian wetlands. Initial studies of aquatic insects in Canadian wetlands should include taxonomic and 1ife history work and dynamic aspects of wetlands ecology, such as the functions of insects in litter breakdown and nutrient cycling. Such studies are particularly suitable for graduate theses. Numerous taxonomic groups are present, including, among the most conspicuous, Diptera (especially Chironomidae and Culicidae, but also others), Odonata, Trichoptera and Coleoptera (especially predaceous forms). 59 ------- WETLANDS MAY CLEAN GEOTHERMAL WATER. 0171204 Anon . MECH. ENG., vol 103, no. 7, p. 1981. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE 032-0047-3633-1 50 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. TAPE NUMBER- 8201-03 NDN- DATE- Most geothermal water contains high concentrations of dissolved solids and trace elements, such as fluoride and boron, which can be harmful to organisms. Because of these high concentrations, only a limited number of methods can be used to dispose of used geothermal water These methods include injection wells, which are expensive to construct and maintain; evaporation ponds, which are wasteful and only convert a liquid to a solid waste problem; or, in a few cases, disposal into surface waterways, which may be environmentally harmful Man-made wetlands containing selected aquatic plants may provide a more economic disposal system than conventional methods for the treatment of geothermal water after its productive energy has been expended. NETWORK 200PLANKTON OF THREE ORAVA PEATBOGS. Vi1cek, F Fuz i a, J. 0125507 BIOLOGIA (BRATISL.) , vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 353-362 LANGUAGE(S)- CHECK PUBL. DATE- 1981. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- CHECK ENGLISH RUSSIAN TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG.TITLE- Sietovy Zooplankton Troch Oravskych Raselinisk TAPE NUMBER- 8201-03 COMPANY RELATED- Katedra Syst . Ekolog. Zool . , Prirodovedeckej Fak . UK, 886 04 Bratislava, CSSR NDN- 032-0046-0671-A Network zooplankton of three Orava peatbogs, was investigated qualitatively and quantitatively. Samples were taken at approximately one-month intervals. By the number of ascertained species at all the above-mentioned localities the dominant group was Rotatoria (43 species), followed by Cladocera (16 species) and Copepoda (3 species) The overall qualitaive distribution at the investigated localities is given. The dominant species of the network zooplankton were, Keratella serrulata (Ehrenberg, 1838), and Chydorus sphaericus After decline of the peabog at Usti nad Oravou, the Klin peatbog is the only known locality in Slovakia from which occurrence of Scapholeberis microcephala (G.O. Sars, 1890) has been reported. VEGETATION AND NUTRIENT STATUS OF NORTHERN MICHIGAN BOGS AND CONIFER SWAMPS WITH A COMPARISON TO FENS. 0114913 Schwi ntzer, C. R. CAN. J. EOT., vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 842-853 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1981. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH FRENCH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8201-03 COMPANY RELATED- Harvard Univ., Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA, 01366 USA NDN- 032-O045-51 1 1-2 The vegetation and shallow groundwater were sampled at six bog and four conifer swamp sites in northern Lower Michigan in the same manner as at five previously described fen sites. The bogs were characterized by wel1-developed field (low shrub, herb, and fern), and bryophyte layers and strongly acid waters (pH 3.8-4.3). The most prevalent field-layer plants were Chamaedaphne calyculata and Carex oligosperma while Sphagnum spp. dominated the bryophyte layer. The number of vascular plant species in the field layer was 14 plus or minus 4. The conifer swamps were characterized by wel1-developed tree and field layers and circumneutral waters (pH 7.0-7.4). Thuja occidental is strongly dominated the tree layer and Mitel la nuda, Abies balsamea and Maiapthemum canadense were the most prevalent field layer plants. The number of vascular plant species in the field layer was 57 plus or minus 7. The bogs, conifer swamps, and fens are related developmentally (successional1y) but differ strongly in floristics, species density, proportion of evergreen species, role of symbiotic nitrogen fixing species, role of Sphagnum spp., and water chemistry. Although these wetland types are often grouped together under the term "bog" or are considered successional stages of "bog" they differ markedly in vegetation and water chemistry, and are best considered as separate but related wetland types. 60 ------- A MAP OF THE PRE-EUROPEAN VEGETATION OF LOWER NORTHLAND, NEW ZEALAND. 01 12168 Beever, J. N.Z. J. EOT , vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 105-110 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1981. SUMMARY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAPE NUMBER- 8201-03 COMPANY RELATED- 5 Mahoe Ave., Remuera, Auckland 5, New Zealand NDN- 032-0045-3613-7 The Pre-European pattern of natural vegetation cover of the Lower Northland district. New Zealand, has been mapped from the information recorded mainly between 1860 and 1890 on the survey plans of the first surveyors Forest containing kauri (Agathis austral is ), and scrubland of manuka (Leptospermum spp. ) and fern (Pteridium aquilinum var esculentum ), occupied most of the land. Freshwater swamp was present along river margins, mangrove swamp coastally in the Kaipara Harbour and along the indented eastern coastline, and sand dunes occupied much of the western sides of the Kaipara peni nsulas. IN SEARCH OF WETLANDS. Nyc, R. 0112O78 WATER SPECTRUM., vol 12. no. 2, pp. 16-25 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH PUBL. DATE- 1980. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE TAftE NUMBER- 8201-03 COMPANY RELATED- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Nat. Wetlands Inventory, JSA NDN- 032-0045-3556-4 In 1974 the Fish and Wildlife Service ( FWS ) established the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) with the stated objective of cataloging and mapping all wetlands and developing a cl ass i f i ci at i on system that groups ecologically similar wetland habitats, so that value judgments could be made and uniformity in concepts and terminology be provided throughout the United States. After evaluating various methods to perform the inventory, including Landsat , large and small scale aerial photography, and a combination of map interpretation in conjunction with extensive field work, the NWI group concluded that the most cost-effective procedure to achieve the desired level of detail and accuracy was to use stereoscopic interpretation of high quality, small scale, aerial photography. The new classification system consists of five broad ecological systems, each of which contains a hierarchical structure that describes, in progressively greater detail, hydrol ogical , biological, and physical components of a wetland or water body (INVENTORY OF VEGETATION) . ) . WETLANDS IN THE 01 1 1 127 CANTON OF ZURICH (WITH A BIBLIOGRAPHY ON Burnand, J. Zuest, S. VIERTELJAHRSSCHR. NATURFORSCH. GES. ZUERICH., vol 124, no. 4, pp. 313-327 LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN PUBL. DATE- 1979. TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE ORIG. TITLE- Zum Inventar der Feuchtgeb i ete in Kanton Zuerich (Mit einer Bibl iographie zur Vegetation) NOTES- 110 ref TAPE NUMBER- 8201-03 COMPANY RELATED- Beratungsgeme i n Schaft Un i wel tf rapen , Ore i koeni gshr 49, CH-8002 Zuerich, Switzerland NDN- 032-0045-2831-3 Wetlands of the region are mapped and vegetational characteristics are described. As such habitats are decreasing, possibilities for their protection are put forward. 61 ------- NITROGEN FIXATION (ACETYLENE REDUCTION) ASSOCIATED WITH DECAYING LEAVES OF POND CYPRESS ( TAXODIUM DISTICHUM VAR . NUTANS ) IN A NATURAL AND A SEWAGE-ENRICHED CYPRESS DOME. 81-10 08669 DIERBERG, F E. BRE20NIK, P L. APPL. ENVIRON. MICROBIOL., 41(6), 1413-1418 (1981) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. ENVIRON. SCI. AND ENG., FLORIDA INST. TECHNOL., MELBOURNE, FL 32901, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0045-1049-A SURFACE LITTER FROM A NATURAL AND A SEWAGE-ENRICHED CYPRESS DOME IN NORTH-CENTRAL FLORIDA SHOWED A PRONOUNCED SEASONAL PATTERN OF NITROGENASE (ACETYLENE REDUCTION) ACTIVITY ASSOCIATED WITH SEASONAL LEAF FALL FROM DECIDUOUS TREES IN THE DOMES. SAMPLES OF PEAT FROM CORES INDICATED NEGLIGIBLE NITROGENASE ACTIVITY BELOW THE SURFACE LAYER. INTEGRATING THE MONTHLY RATES OF NITROGEN FIXATION YIELDED 0.39 AND 0.12 G OF N/M 2/YR FIXED IN THE LITTER OF THE NATURAL AND SEWAGE-ENRICHED DOMES, RESPECTIVELY. THE N FIXED IN THE FIRST 3 MONTHS AFTER LEAF FALL IN THE NATURAL DOME REPRESENTED ABOUT 14% OF THE N INCREMENT IN THE DECOMPOSING CYPRESS LEAVES, BUT FIXATION CONTRIBUTED A NEGLIGIBLE AMOUNT OF N (<1%) TO DECOMPOSING LITTER IN THE SEWAGE-ENRICHED DOME. THE INFLUENCE OF WETLAND VEGETATION ON TIDAL STREAM CHANNEL MIGRATION AND MORPHOLOGY 81-10 06144 GAROFALO, D. ESTUARIES, 3(4), 258-270 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (UNIV MARYLAND, GEOGR. DEP., COLLEGE PARK, MD 20742, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0044-9155-2 AVERAGE RELATIVE STREAM CHANNEL MIGRATION RATES FOR SALINE AND FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND CHANNELS WERE CALCULATED FOR A 32 YR PERIOD USING PHOTOGRAMMATIC TECHNIQUES AND THE RESULTS WERE RESPECTIVELY 0.21 M/YR AND 0.32 M/YR. SALINE WETLAND STREAM CHANNELS AVERAGED GREATER INDICES OF SINUOSITY THIS IS DUE TO DIFFERENT VEGETATION LEADING TO VARYING SOIL HOLDING ABILITY IN THE TWO ENVIRONMENTS. LARGER MEANDER AMPLITUDES EXIST IN SALINE CHANNELS AND THIS SUGGESTS THAT THEIR MEANDER LOOPS ARE DETERMINED BY THE EROSIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STREAM BANKS RATHER THAN BY FLOW VELOCITY AND DISCHARGE. MEANDER MIGRATION FEATURES IN SALINE CHANNELS HAS BEEN ATTRIBUTED TO DIFFERENTIAL EROSION DUE TO VARIABLE ROOT SYSTEM DENSITY WHEREAS IN FRESHWATER CHANNELS HYDRODYNAMIC FACTORS ARE THE MAIN INFLUENCE. EBB AND FLOOD DISCHARGE DATA INDICATE THAT GREATER EROSIVE FORCES ARE AT WORK IN THE SALT MARSHES THAN IN FRESH TIDAL MARSH AREAS. IN CONCLUSION THE EVIDENCE SUGGESTS THAT BOTH SALINE AND FRESHWATER CHANNELS MIGRATE LITTLE AND REPRESENT LOW ENERGY BALANCED SYSTEMS; THEREFORE MIGRATION IS THE RESULT OF INCREASED FORCES, I.E. STORMS. ENERGY FLOW IN A SALT MARSH ECOSYSTEM: THE ROLE OF REDUCED INORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS. 81-10 06960 HOWARTH, R. W. TEAL, J. M. AM. NAT., 116(6), 862-872 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (ECOSYST. CENT., MAR. BIOL. LAB., WOODS HOLE, MA 02543, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0044-8339-A IN COMPLETELY OXIC ECOSYSTEMS, ENERGY FLOW IS LARGELY MEDIATED BY AND IS PROPORTIONAL TO MOVEMENTS OF ORGANIC C. THIS IS NOT TRUE IN ECOSYSTEMS WHICH ARE PARTIALLY ANOXIC SINCE THE REDUCED INORGANIC END PRODUCTS OF ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION CONTAIN SIGNIFICANT QUANTITIES OF ENERGY IN A NEW ENGLAND SALT MARSH, MOST ORGANIC DEGRADATION PROCEEDS ANAEROBICALLY, AND REDUCED INORGANIC S COMPOUNDS ARE IMPORTANT IN ENERGY FLOW. THE EXPORT OF ENERGY FROM THE PEAT AS REDUCED INORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS IS PERHAPS TWICE THE NET ABOVE-GROUND PRODUCTION BY SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA 62 ------- TIDAL AND DIURNAL INFLUENCE ON FOOD CONSUMPTION OF A SALT MARSH KILLIFISH FUNDULUS HETEROCLITUS 81-08 94423 WEISBERG, S. B. WHALEN, R. LOTRICH, V. A. MAR. BIOL., 61(2-3), 243-246 (1981) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (SCH. LIFE HEALTH SCI., ECOL . ORGANISMIC BIOL. SECT , UNIV. DELAWARE, NEWARK, DE 19711, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE. ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0044-1162-0 FEEDING PATTERNS DURING FOUR 24-H PERIODS, SAMPLED AT 3-H INTERVALS, WERE INVESTIGATED FOR F. HETEROCLITUS IN A DELAWARE, USA TIDAL MARSH. F HETEROCLITUS IS PRIMARILY A DAYTIME FEEDER THAT MOST ACTIVELY FEEDS AT HIGH TIDE, REGARDLESS OF WHETHER OR NOT THE HIGH TIDE INUNDATES MARSH SURFACE AREAS. WHEN TIDE HEIGHT WAS SUFFICIENT TO INUNDATE THE MARSH SURFACE, FISH INVADED THESE AREAS AND CONSUMED PREY CHARACTERISTIC OF THE MARSH SURFACE. F. HETEROCLITUS IS AN IMPORTANT LINK IN ENERGY TRANSFERS BETWEEN THE MARSH SURFACE AND SUBTIDAL SYSTEMS, ENHANCING ITS OWN ENERGY SUPPLIES BY CONSUMING MARSH SURFACE PREY WHENEVER AVAILABLE. ECOLOGICAL SCALES OF MARSH PLANTS (THE BOGS OF THE NORTHEASTERN PART OF THE PECHORA-ILYCH RESERVE) 81-08 94587 SOKOL, A. P EOT ZH., 66(2), 227-233 (1981) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AFFILIATION- (EOT. INST., ACAD. SCI. USSR, LENINGRAD, USSR) JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- O32-O044-0998-8 TYPE- THE ECOLOGICAL SCALES OF THE MARSH PLANTS INHABITING MESOTROPHIC AND EUTROPHIC SWAMPS ARE LISTED. QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERRELATIONS OF MARSH PLANTS WITH THE CHEMICAL CONTENT OF THE UPPER PEAT BEDS AND THE LEVEL OF SWAMPY WATERS ARE ESTABLISHED. LOCAL PLANTS WHICH INDICATE THE EDAPHIC CONDITIONS OF HABITATS ARE DISTINGUISHED. (VEGETATION AND ECOLOGY OF A 81-08 96196 SPHAGNUM BOG IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL) PFADENHAUER, J. DE CASTRO BOECHAT, D. VEGETATIO, 44(3), 177-187 (1981) LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN, ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (UNIV. HOHENHEIM (05200), POSTFACH 106, D-7000 STUTTGART 70, GDR) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-O043-9389-8 IN A PEAT BOG, LOCATED IN THE NATIONAL PARK 'APARADOS DA SERRA', VEGETATION, STRATIGRAPHY AND CHEMISTRY OF THE PEATS WERE EXAMINED. THE PHYSIOGNOMY AND FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF THE VEGETATION SHOW CLEAR RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE ANDINE AND SUBANTARCTIC REGION. GRASSES, OFTEN GROWING AS TUSSOCKS, ON PEATS, RICH IN MINERALS ALTERNATE WITH TYPES OF VEGETATION, POOR IN SPECIES AND CHARACTERIZED BY WIDELEAVED TALL HERBS AND FERNS. ON SITES WITH UP-WELLING GROUNDWATER VEGETATION RESEMBLES THAT OF THE HOLLOWS IN RAISED BOGS OF CENTRAL EUROPE. THE ABUNDANT GROWTH OF SPECIES, THE CONCENTRATION OF THEIR ROOTS IN THE UPPER 20 CM OF THE SOIL AS WELL AS THE VERY CLOSE C/N RELATION AND THE HIGH CONDUCTIVITY VALUES OF THE AMORPHOUS AND WELL DECOMPOSED PEATS SUGGESTS THERE IS GREAT MICRO-BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY IN SPITE OF THE PERMANENTLY HIGH GROUND WATER LEVEL, THEREBY MOBILIZING THE HIGH N-RESERVES OF THE UPPER PEAT LAYER. AN ACCUMULATION OF PEAT SIMILAR TO THAT OF THE RAISED BOGS, DOES NOT EXIST. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BOG GENESIS AND THE VEGETATION HISTORY OF THIS REGION IS DISCUSSED. 63 ------- (THE RELIEF AND SOILS OF OZUNCA-BAI MARSH). BACAINTAN, N. PLAMADEALA, V 81-08 96235 OCROTIREA NAT MED. INCONJURATOR, 24(2), 173-178 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, ROMANIAN AFFILIATION- (OFICIUL. DE STUD. PEDOL., SI AGROCHIM., BRASOV, ROMANIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0043-9350-3 THE MARSH OF OZUNCA-BAI (BATANI COMMUNE COVASNA REGION) IS A BOTANICAL RESERVE CONTAINING GLACIAL RELICTS; CAREX DIOICA, PEDICULARIS SCEPTRUM CAROLINUM AND OTHERS. THE RESERVE IS SITUATED IN THE SOUTH HARGHITA MOUNTAINS (EASTERN CARPATHIANS) IN THE OZUNCA INTRAMOUNTAIN DEPRESSION (AT 630-640 M ALTITUDE). IT WAS FORMED AFTER THE OCCLUSION OF THE STREAMBED OF THE OZUNCA, WHICH LED TO THE FORMATION OF A VERY SLOW DRAINING BASIN. THE PHREATIC STRATUM OF THE OZUNCA STREAM BED IS ALSO FED BY WEAKLY MINERALIZED WATER SOURCES. THIS HAS PROVOKED A PERMANENT EXCESS OF MOISTURE IN THIS SAME SECTION OF THE STREAMBED. THE SOILS ARE EUTROPHIC AND IT IS ESTIMATED THAT THE TURF BEGAN TO ACCUMULATE ABOUT THE END OF THE WURMIAN BEGINNING OF THE HOLOCENE. AT THE MOMENT THE PROCESS IS ARRESTED, EXCEPT IN A FEW SHALLOW DEPRESSIONS. NO DRAINAGE SHOULD TAKE PLACE IN THIS AREA IF THE TURF SOILS AND THE RELICT VEGETATION ARE TO BE PRESERVED. FUNGI IN COASTAL AND INLAND SALT MARSHES. /( PRESENTED AT: MYCOLOGY SYMPOSIUM; MOREHEAD CITY, NC (USA); 9 SEP 1979). PUGH, G. J. F BEEFTINK, W. G. 3. INT MARINE 81-O8 97678 EOT. MAR., 23(10), 651-656 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. BIOL. SCI., UNIV. ASTON, BIRMINGHAM B4 7ET, UK) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0043-7908-6 THE OCCURRENCE OF FUNGI IN TIDAL SALT MARSHES IN THE SOUTH WEST NETHERLANDS FOLLOWS THE SAME GENERAL PATTERN THAT HAS BEEN FOUND ELSEWHERE. IN THE RECLAIMED SALTINGS, THERE IS A SHIFT IN EMPHASIS FROM THE TIDAL TO A MORE GENERAL SOIL MYCOFLORA. THE BALANCE BETWEEN THE OCCURRENCE OF DENDRYPHIELLA SALINA AND GLIOCLADIUM ROSEUM IS INFLUENCED BY THE LEVEL OF SALINITY IN THE SOIL, AND D. SALINA CAN BE USED AS AN INDICATOR OF RESIDUAL SALT, OR OF SEEPAGE OF SEAWATER THROUGH THE ENCLOSING DYKE. PRELIMINARY PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES INDICATE THAT INCREASING SALINITY LEVELS ADVERSELY AFFECT GROWTH AND CELLULOSE- AND STARCH-DECOPOSITION BY G. ROSEUM. D. SALINA APPEARS TO NEED SALT BEFORE CELLULOSE-DECOMPOSITION OCCURS. D. SALINA IS REPORTED FROM AN INLAND SALINE SOIL IN ENGLAND, WHERE IT WAS ASSOCIATED WITH THE ROOTS OF SPERGULARIA MARINA . IT SHOULD THEREFORE BE REGARDED AS A HALOPHYTE RATHER THAN A STRICTLY MARINE SPECIES. WILLAPA BAY: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE AND A RATIONALE FOR RESEARCH. 81-O8 01230 HEDGPETH, J. W. OBREBSKI, S. BIOL. SERV. PROGRAM FISH. WILDL. SERV. (U. S.) PUBL. BY • FWS/OBS; WASHINGTON, DC (USA) APR 1981. 60 P AFWS/OBS-81/03. LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH CORP AUTH- U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, WASHINGTON, DC (USA). OFFICE OF BIOLOGICAL SERVICES. AFFILIATION- (5660 MONTECITO AVE., SANTA ROSA, CA 95404, USA) TYPE- REPORT NDN- 032-0043-7293-5 WILLAPA BAY, SITUATED ON THE PACIFIC COAST OF WASHINGTON BETWEEN GRAYS HARBOR AND THE COLUMBIA RIVER ESTUARY, HAS BEEN ONE OF THE PRINCIPAL CENTERS FOR PRODUCTION OF OYSTERS SINCE THE 1850'S. COINCIDENT WITH EARLY SETTLEMENT, THE BASIN WAS INITIATED TO MAN-INDUCED ALTERATIONS PORTIONS OF HIGH MARSHLAND WERE CONVERTED INTO PASTURE BY DIKING AND FILLING, WHILE TIMBER WAS LOGGED FROM ADJACENT WATERSHED HIGHLANDS. THESE ALTERATIONS CULMINATED IN INCREASED COMMERCE AND EVENTUALLY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN IMPORTANT LUMBER TOWN, RAYMOND. TODAY, OYSTERING AND FISHING ARE THE MOST SIGNIFICANT ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES; AGRICULTURE IS RELATIVELY STABLE; AND LUMBERING HAS TAPERED OFF SINCE THE ADVENT OF CLEAR CUTTING. WILLAPA BAY HOWEVER, IS AN ECOLOGICAL ENTITY, A BAY-ESTUARY SYSTEM THAT LIES COINCIDENTALLY IN A REGION THAT HAS, IN THE PAST, BEEN RICH IN FORESTS. THIS PRIMARY RESOURCE IS LOSING ITS SIGNIFICANCE AS SHORT-TERM NEEDS ENDANGER THE 64 ------- LONG-TERM SUSTAINABLE YIELD BUT THE BAY AND ITS POTENTIAL FOR SUPPLYING RENEWABLE RESOURCES REMAIN. IT IS THE PURPOSE OF THIS REPORT TO SUGGEST INFORMATION THAT WILL BE VALUABLE IN PLANNING FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF THE AQUATIC RESOURCES OF THE BAY NITROGEN INPUTS AND OUTPUTS OF AN UNFERTILIZED PADDY FIELD. /(PRESENTED AT INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP AT GYSINGE VARDSHUS, OSTERFARNEBO, SWEDEN 16-22 SEP 1979). 81-08 93595 WETSELAAR, R. ECOL. BULL., 33, 573-583 (1981) MAB-SWEDEN . LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DIV. LAND USE RES., CSIRO, POB 1666, CANBERRA, ACT 2601, AUSTRALIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-O043-5196-7 AN ATTEMPT WAS MADE TO ESTIMATE ALL NITROGEN TRANSFERS IN AND OUT OF A PADDY FIELD FOR A TRADITIONAL, ASIAN, LOW-INPUT SYSTEM WITH ONLY ONE CROP PER YEAR, GROWN IN THE WET SEASON AND WITHOUT THE ADDITION OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS. N 2-FIXATION IS THE DOMINANT INPUT AND THIS DETERMINES THE POTENTIAL OUTPUT VIA DENITRIFICATION. THE AVERAGE DATA SUGGEST THAT THE SYSTEM IS STABLE OVER A LONG PERIOD OF TIME, WITH VIRTUALLY NO CHANGE IN SOIL N STATUS AND PRACTIALLY NO LOSS TO THE ENVIRONMENT OF N 20. THE POSSIBLE MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM VALUES OF EACH INPUT OR OUTPUT OF N TO THE SYSTEM WERE ESTIMATED, BUT THERE IS NO BASIS FOR POSTULATING THAT ONE EXTREME VALUE OF ANY INPUT WOULD BE ASSOCIATED WITH AN EXTREME VALUE OF ANY OUTPUT THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ALL INPUTS AND OUTPUTS WOULD NEED TO BE EXAMINED FOR EACH SYSTEM. THE PHYTOSOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF SCRAGH BOG, CO. WESTMEATH. 81-08 88601 O'CONNELL, M. NEW PHYTOL., 87(1), 139-187 (1981) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. EOT., UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, GALWAY, IRELAND) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0043-3282-3 SCRAGH BOG HARBOURS PLANT COMMUNITIES REPRESENTATIVE OF THE MORE IMPORTANT STAGES IN HYDROSERAL SUCCESSION. THESE COMMUNITIES ARE DESCRIBED, CLASSIFIED AND MAPPED ACCORDING TO ZURICH-MONTPELLIER METHODOLOGY. FEN COMMUNITIES CONSTITUTE THE MAJOR PART OF THE VEGETATION COVER AND THAT DOMINATED BY SCHOENUS NIGRICANS FORMS THE BASIS OF A NEW SUBASSOCIATION WITHIN THE CIRSIO-SCHOENETUM NIGRICANTIS. OTHER NEW SYNTAXA ARE PROPOSED ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS, AS ASSESSED BY WATER TABLE, PH AND K C 0 R R MEASUREMENTS AND MINERAL ANALYSES OF SURFACE WATERS, ARE CONSIDERED IN RELATION TO THE VEGETATION COVER. MINERAL ANALYSES WERE PERFORMED ON SPHAGNUM PLUMULOSUM AND OTHER BRYOPHYTE SPECIES WHICH ARE IMPORTANT AS INITIATORS OF THE CLIMAX RAISED BOG COMMUNITY. GROWTH MEASUREMENTS WERE ALSO PERFORMED ON S. PLUMULOSUM THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE VEGETATION COVER AS WELL AS THE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FUTURE RATE OF SUCCESSION ARE DISCUSSED. STUDIES ON THE ANIMAL COMMUNITIES IN TWO NORTH FLORIDA SALT MARSHES. PART 3. SEASONAL FLUCTUATIONS OF FISH AND MACROINVERTEBRATES. 81-08 89832 SUBRAHMANYAM, C. B. COULTAS, C. L. BULL. MAR. SCI., 30(4), 790-818 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (WETLAND ECOL. PROGR., BOX 222, FLORIDA A AND M UNIV., TALLAHASSEE, FL 32307, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0043-2052-2 A STUDY OF THE FISH AND MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES IN 2 PRISTINE NORTH FLORIDA SALT MARSHES WAS MADE TO DETERMINE THE CAUSES FOR TEMPORAL CHANGES IN SPECIES ABUNDANCE, AND TO UNDERSTAND RELATIONS BETWEEN THE 2 COMMUNITIES AND DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS OF SPECIES IN COASTAL HABITATS. THE COMMUNITIES WERE WELL DEFINED WITH DOMINANT, SCARCE AND RARE SPECIES, DOMINANTS ACCOUNTING FOR 90% OF TOTAL ABUNDANCE. LESS THAN 20% OF SEASONAL CHANGES IN SPECIES NUMBERS AND BIOMASS WAS RELATED TO VARIATIONS IN TEMPERATURE, SALINITY AND OXYGEN, AND THE INFLUENCE OF EACH FACTOR ON DIFFERENT SPECIES WAS VARIABLE. SPECIES WERE FOUND TO BE ADAPTED TO THE HIGHLY REDUCING SOIL CONDITIONS. BREEDING PATTERNS, RECRUITMENT, SEASONAL SUCCESSION OF DOMINANTS HAD MORE PROFOUND INFLUENCE THAN PHYSICAL FACTORS ON THE SEASONAL CHANGES IN 65 ------- COMMUNITY COMPOSITION. BIOLOGICAL INDICES REVEALED SHIFTS IN SPECIES DOMINANCE HIERARCHY BETWEEN THE ESTUARY, MARSH CREEKS AND ISOLATED PONDS. WHILE SOME SPECIES WERE WELL DISTRIBUTED, OTHERS WERE RESTRICTED TO ONE OR THE OTHER AREAS, FORMING DISTINCT SPECIES ASSEMBLAGES. NEKTONIC INVERTEBRATES AND FISH SPECIES SHOWED WIDE DISTRIBUTIONS, INDICATING TIDE RELATED MOVEMENTS. FISH PREDATION MAY BE AN ADDITIONAL FACTOR THAT GOVERNED CHANGES IN THE MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY NUTRIENT FLUXES WITHIN A SMALL NORTH TEMPERATE SALT MARSH. 81-08 89910 DALY, M. A. MATHIESON, A. C. MAR. BIOL., 61(4), 337-344 (1981) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP EOT. AND PLANT PATHOL., UNIV. NEW HAMPSHIRE, DURHAM, NH 03824, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0043-1974-6 THE WATER EXCHANGE BETWEEN A SMALL SALT MARSH ADJOINING THE GREAT BAY ESTUARY SYSTEM OF NEW HAMPSHIRE WAS SAMPLED DURING 16 TIDAL CYCLES BETWEEN JULY, 1976 AND NOV, 1977 TIDAL AMPLITUDE, TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS (AMMONIA-N, NITRATE-N, NITRITE-N, ORTHOPHOSPHATE-P, TOTAL-P, SILICATES) AND SUSPENDED PARTICULATES WERE MEASURED. CONSPICUOUS TIDAL HYDROGRAPHIC PATTERNS WERE OBSERVED. MEAN CONCENTRATIONS OF NITRATE-N AND SILICATES VARIED WITH SEASON. THE TIDAL INFORMATION, COMBINED WITH VOLUME DETERMINATIONS, WAS EXTRAPOLATED TO DETERMINE THE NET FLUX OF HYDROGRAPHIC PARAMETERS ON MONTHLY AND YEARLY BASES. AMMDNIA-N SHOWED A PRONOUNCED SEASONALITY OF NET EXCHANGE BY REGRESSION ANALYSES. AMMONIA-N AND SUSPENDED PARTICULATES HAD A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT IMPORT INTO THE MARSH. HOWEVER, THE NET FLUXES OF THE OTHER MATERIALS WERE NOT STATISTICALLY DIFFERENT FROM 0 . CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE VEGETATIONAL HISTORY OF TYROL III. STUBAIER ALPS ZILLERTALER ALPS. 81-08 89912 WEIRICH, J. BORTENSCHLAGER, S. BER. NATURWISS.-MED. VER. INNSBRUCK, 67, 7-30 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN, ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (INST BOT., ABT. PALYNOL., STERNWARTESTR. 15, A-6020 INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-OO43-1972-6 THREE PROFILES FROM BOGS LOCATED IN THE STUBAI-ALPS AND ONE PROFILE FROM A BOG IN THE ZILLERTAL-ALPS WERE INVESTIGATED. AS ALL PROFILES ARE SITUATED WITHIN THE EGESEN-MORAINE THEY REPRESENT THEREFORE ONLY POSTGLACIAL VEGETATION AND CLIMATE CONDITIONS. THE PROFILE REACHING BACK THE FARTHEST WAS OBTAINED FROM A BOG NEAR THE FRANZ SENN-HUT THE YOUNGEST BOG IS THE 'BUNTE MOOR' NEAR THE DRESDENER-HUT HAVING BEEN INVESTIGATED ALREADY BY AARIO (1944). ITS DEVELOPMENT BEGAN DURING THE YOUNGER ATLANTICUM. A SERIES OF CLIMATIC OSCILLATIONS OCCURRED DURING ITS DEVELOPMENT WHICH CAN BE CORRELATED WITH ALREADY KNOWN FLUCTUATIONS IN THE CLIMATE. AFTER A. D. THE ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCE ON THE VEGETATION INCREASE CONTINUOUSLY; A PRECISE DISTINCTION BETWEEN CLIMATIC AND ANTHROPOGENIC EFFECTS IS VERY DIFFICULT CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE VEGETATIONAL HISTORY OF TYROL IV: NATZER PLATEAU VILLANDERER ALM. 81-08 89913 ~ SEIWALD, A. BER. NATURWISS.-MED. VER. INNSBRUCK, 67, 31-72 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN, ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (INST. BOT , STERNWARTESTR 15 A-6020 INNSBRUCK, AUSTRIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG RESEARCH NDN- 032-0043-1971-4 FIVE RELATIVE AND 2 ABSOLUTE POLLEN PROFILES WERE GAINED FROM 5 BOGS OF THE SUBALPINE AND SUBMONTANE ZONE OF THE UNDER-MIDDLE PART OF THE EISACK-VALLEY FOLLOWING A PIONEER- AND STEPPE VEGETATION AT LOWER ELEVATIONS (ABOUT 900 M), A SHRUB VEGETATION WAS IDENTIFIED, WITH HIPPOPHAE, JUNIPERUS AND SALIX , SUCCEEDED THROUGH REFORESTATION BY PINUS (ABOUT 12700 BP) THE OLDER DRYAS PERIOD WAS LITTLE DEVELOPED IN LOWER ELEVATION-PROFILES THE YOUNGER DRYAS IS MARKED DISTINCTIVELY, ESPECIALLY IN PROFILES FROM HIGHER ELEVATIONS. AT AN ELEVATION OF 1800-2100 M THE FORMATION OF BOGS STARTED ONLY ABOUT 11800 BP RESPECTIVELY 10000 BP, AND REFORESTATION STARTED ABOUT 10000 BP OR SHORTLY AFTER BY PINUS CEMBRA AND LARIX , WHICH WAS 65 ------- INTRODUCED BY A SHRUB VEGETATION WITH P. MUGO AND JUNIPERUS P SYLVESTRIS FORESTS FURTHER DOMINATE IN THE SUBMONTANE ZONE. IN THE SUBALPINE ZONE, PICEA SPREAD SINCE 8500 BP AND REACHES DOMINANCE AT ELEVATIONS OF 2100 M SHORTLY BEFORE 7900 BP THE 1ST APPEARANCE OF ABIES AND FAGUS WAS 6800 BP POSTGLACIAL FLUCTUATIONS OF CLIMATE WERE ALSO SEEN, AND THE EARLY APPEARANCE OF MAN INVESTIGATED. THE EFFECTS OF WATER LEVEL ON THE GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION OF SCIRPUS MARITIMUS VAR. PALUDOSUS 81-08 89941 LIEFFERS, V J. SHAY, J. M. CAN. J. EOT., 59(2), 118-121 (1981) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (DEP. BOT . , UNIV. MANITOBA, WINNIPEG, MAN. R3T 2N2, CANADA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0043-1943-8 THE EFFECTS OF WATER DEPTH ON THE GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION OF S. MARITIMUS WERE STUDIED. PLANTS GROWN AT OR ABOVE THE WATER SURFACE HAD HIGHER SHOOT SURVIVORSHIP, GREATER NUMBERS OF VEGETATIVE TILLERS, AND HIGHER UNDERGROUND BIOMASS, WHILE SEED PRODUCTION WAS SMALL. WITH INCREASING WATER DEPTH PLANTS HAD TALLER SHOOTS AND GREATER SEED PRODUCTION BUT TOTAL BIOMASS, NUMBERS OF VEGETATIVE TILLERS, AND UNDERGROUND BIOMASS WERE REDUCED. THIS SHIFT FROM CLONAL GROWTH TO SEED PRODUCTION WITH INCREASING WATER DEPTH IS INTERPRETED AS A STRATEGY THAT PERMITS SURVIVAL OF S. MARITIMUS POPULATIONS THROUGH THE WET AND DRY CLIMATIC PERIODS OF THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES. INVENTORY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE WETLANDS OF THE CAMARGUE (FRANCE). 81-08 87234 BRITTON, R. H. PODLEJSKI, V. D. AOUAT. BOT., 10(3), 195-228 (1981) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (STN. BIOL. TOUR DU VALAT, LE SAMBUC, 132OO ARLES, FRANCE) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-O042-9382-6 INDIVIDUAL WETLAND BASINS LYING WITHIN THE WETLAND COMPLEX OF THE CAMARGUE WERE IDENTIFIED ON MONOCHROME AND INFRARED AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS. DURING A GROUND SURVEY OF 506 WETLANDS, PHYSICAL AND VEGETATION CHARACTERISTICS WERE RECORDED AND A PLANT SPECIES LIST WAS PRODUCED FOR EACH SITE. THE VEGETATION AND PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES TOTALLING 35 VARIABLES WERE SUBJECTED TO A PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS, AND AN ORDINATION OF THE SITES BASED ON THE PLANT SPECIES DATA WAS PRODUCED BY CORRESPONDENCE ANALYSIS. CLUSTER ANALYSIS LEADING TO A HIERARCHIC CLASSIFICATION WAS CARRIED OUT SEPARATELY ON THE SCORES OF BOTH ANALYSES, THUS PROVIDING 2 INDEPENDENT CLASSIFICATIONS OF THE CAMARGUE WETLANDS. THE GROUPINGS OF WETLANDS, RANGING FROM FRESHWATER MARSHES TO HYPERSALINE LAGOONS, PRODUCED BY THE 2 CLASSIFICATIONS ARE DISCUSSED. THE CLASSIFICATION BASED ON PLANT SPECIES' LISTS GIVES A MORE REALISTIC GROUPING OF THE WETLANDS. THESE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT A SURVEY OF ONLY THE FLORISTIC ATTRIBUTES OF THE WETLANDS WOULD LEAD TO A MORE SATISFACTORY CLASSIFICATION, WITH LESS EFFORT THAN A SURVEY BASED ON THE MEASUREMENT OF PHYSICAL AND VEGETATION PARAMETERS. THE DATA USED FOR THE PRINCIPAL COMPONENTS ANALYSIS, HOWEVER, PROVIDE A VALUABLE RECORD OF THE PRESENT STATUS OF CAMARGUE WETLANDS AGAINST WHICH TO MEASURE FUTURE CHANGES. THE NITROGEN UPTAKE KINETICS OF SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA IN CULTURE. 81-07 85165 MORRIS, J. T ECOLOGY, 61(5), 1114-1121 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (ECOSYSTEMS CENT., MAR. BIOL. LAB., WOODS HOLE, MA 02543, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0042-5809-2 A MICHAELIS-MENTEN MODEL WITH V M A X EXPRESSED AS AN EXPONENTIAL FUNCTION OF TEMPERATURE WAS AN ACCURATE PREDICTOR Of UPTAKE RATES DURING THE GROWING SEASON. HALF-SATURATION CONSTANTS WERE ESTIMATED TO BE 0.057 +- 0.016 MG N/L FOR NH 4 AND 0.124 + - 0.034 MG N/L FOR NO 3. THESE HALF-SATURATION CONSTANTS ARE TOO LOW IN COMPARISON TO LEVELS OF INORGANIC NH 4 IN MARSH PORE WATER TO ACCOUNT FOR N-LIMITED GROWTH IN THE FIELD. IT WAS SUGGESTED THAT AN EDAPHIC FACTOR(S), POSSIBLY AN OXYGEN DEFICIENCY, OR A METABOLIC POISON SUCH AS H 2S, OR COMPETITION FROM OTHER IONS FOR CARRIERS, MIGHT INHIBIT N UPTAKE IN 67 ------- THE MARSH IN SUCH A WAY AS TO INCREASE THE HALF-SATURATION CONSTANT FOR UPTAKE. A GRADIENT OF SUCH AN ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR COULD ACCOUNT FOR GRADIENTS IN MORPHOLOGY AND PRODUCTIVITY IN COMMUNITIES OF S. ALTERNIFLORA VEGETATION, SOIL, HYDROLOGY AND MANAGEMENT IN A DRENTHIAN BROOKLAND (THE NETHERLANDS). 81-07 86209 BOEDELTJE, G. BAKKER, J. P ACTA EOT. NEERL., 29(5-6), 509-522 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (VAKGROEP PLANTENOECOL. EN VAKGROEP FYSISCHE GEOGR. EN BODEMKUNDE, BIOL. CENT RIUKSUNIV GRONINGEN, POSTBUS 14, 9750 AA HAREN (GN), NETHERLANDS) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0042-4766-8 THE RELATION IS DISCUSSED BETWEEN VEGETATION, SOIL, HYDROLOGY AND MANAGEMENT IN A CHARACTERISTIC LOWER COURSE OF A DRENTHIAN BROOK. THE PLANT COMMUNITIES WERE CHARACTERIZED BY PHREATOPHYTIC SPECTRA AND GROUNDWATER FLUCTUATIONS. IN THE WETTEST AREAS THE HYDROLOGY DETERMINES THE PLANT COMMUNITIES; NOT ONLY MEAN HIGH AND MEAN LOW GROUNDWATER LEVEL, BUT ALSO HEIGHT OF INUNDATION AND WATER QUALITY. THE DRIER COMMUNITIES APPEAR TO BE DETERMINED BY (I) EARLIER MANURING, (II) VEGETATION CHANGES DUE TO RECENT NATURE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND (III) VEGETATION CHANGES DUE TO POSSIBLE AGRICULTURAL DRAINAGE. PRODUCTIVITY AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE IN A TROPICAL SCIRPUS BRACHIARA MARSH. 81-07 82623 SMITH, L. L. TROP. ECOL., 20(1), 49-55 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, SPANISH, FRENCH, PORTUGUESE AFFILIATION- (DEP. EOT , ST. JOHN HALL, UNIV. HAWAII, HONOLULU, HI 96822, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-O042-1161-9 PRODUCTIVITY ESTIMATES FOR A 12-MONTH GROWING SEASON ARE AVAILABLE FOR A TEMPERATE-CLIMATE MARSH SPECIES ( SCIRPUS CALIFORNICUS ) GROWING IN A TROPICAL AREA. PRODUCTIVITY WAS COMPARABLE TO TEMPERATE-CLIMATE SITUATIONS (PER UNIT TIME OF GROWING SEASON) AS WERE UPTAKE RATES OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS. WATER QUALITY DATA AND PLANT TISSUES ANALYSES WERE USED TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF KAWAINUI MARSH AS A BUFFER ZONE BETWEEN SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT EFFLUENTS. AND MARINE WATERS. WETLANDS AND WATERBIRDS OF THE SNOWY RIVER AND GIPPSLAND LAKES CATCHMENT 81-07 79891 CORRICK, A. H. NORMAN, F I. PROC. R. SOC. VIC., 91(1), 1-15 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (FISH. WILDL. DIV., ARTHUR RYLAH INST. ENVIRON. RES., 123 BROWN STREET, HEIDELBERG, VIC. 3084, AUSTRALIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0041-9903-2 WETLANDS IN THE SNOWY RIVER AND GIPPSLAND LAKES CATCHMENTS WERE LOCATED AND CATEGORIZED USING WATER REGIMES AND SALINITY; SUBCATEGORIES WERE DETERMINED USING DIFFERENCES IN VEGETATION. FIFTEEN CATEGORIES AND SUBCATEGORIES WERE RECOGNISED WITHIN WETLAND SURVEYED. MOST WATERBIRD HABITAT WAS CONTAINED IN 53 WETLANDS, EACH LARGER THAN 100 HA. PERMANENT SALINE WETLANDS WERE MOST EXTENSIVE BUT OPEN WATERS OF DEEP FRESHWATER MARSHES SUPPORTED MORE BIRDS AND MORE SPECIES OF BIRDS, THAN OTHER CATEGORIES. OF THE ESTIMATED ORIGINAL WETLAND AREA 7% HAS BEEN ELIMINATED, AND A FURTHER 29% (MAINLY RIVER FLATS) HAS BEEN GREATLY MODIFIED SINCE SETTLEMENT DRAINAGE AND FLOOD CONTROL WORKS HAVE BEEN RESPONSIBLE FOR MOST ALTERATION. 68 ------- EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE, PH, SALINITY, AND INORGANIC NITROGEN ON THE RATE OF AMMONIUM OXIDATION BY NITRIFIERS ISOLATED FROM WETLAND ENVIRONMENTS. 81-07 80234 JONES, R. D. HOOD, M. A. MICROB. ECOL., 6(4), 339-347 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. MICROBIOL., OREGON STATE UNIV , CORVALLIS, OR 97330, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0041-9560-7 AMMONIUM-OXIDIZING BACTERIA WERE EXAMINED IN 2 WETLAND ENVIRONMENTS, A FRESHWATER MARSH AND AN ESTUARINE BAY. TWO PREDOMINANT TYPES WERE CONSISTENTLY ISOLATED, ONE FROM EACH ENVIRONMENT BOTH ISOLATES WERE IDENTIFIED AS SPECIES OF NITROSOMONAS . USING A CLOSED CULTURE, HIGH CELL DENSITY ASSAY, THE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE, PH, SALINITY, NA *, K +, NITRITE, NITRATE, AND AMMONIUM CONCENTRATIONS ON AMMONIUM OXIDATION WERE DETERMINED. MAXIMUM ACTIVITY WAS OBSERVED FOR THE FRESHWATER ISOLATED AT 35 C, PH 8.5, SALINITIES OF 0.3-0.5% NA t AND K +, AND AMMONIUM CONCENTRATIONS >0.5 G/L. FOR THE ESTUARINE ISOLATE, MAXIMUM ACTIVITY WAS OBSERVED AT 40 C, PH 8.0, SALINITIES OF 0.5-1.0%, 1.0% NA + AND K +, AND 0.2 G/L AMMONIUM. THE ESTUARINE ISOLATE HAD A NA + REQUIREMENT WHICH COULD BE PARTIALLY SUBSTITUTED BY THE K +, SUGGESTING THAT THE ORGANISM IS A TRUE ESTUARINE BACTERIUM. NITRITE INHIBITED BOTH ISOLATES AT CONCENTRATIONS >5 MG/L, WHEREAS NITRATE HAD NO SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON EITHER ISOLATE. IN A HIGH SALT MARSH HABITAT ME I OFAUNA-MACROFAUNA INTERACTIONS 81-07 78150 BELL, S. S. ECOL. MONOGR., 50(4), 487-5O5 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. BIOL., UNIV. SOUTH FLORIDA, TAMPA, FL 33620, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0041-9052-4 WHEN MACROEPIFAUNA WERE EXCLUDED FROM EXPERIMENTAL CAGE SITES, MEIOFAUNA DENSITIES INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY COMPARED TO OPEN, NONCAGED AREAS. MEIOBENTHIC POLYCHAETES AND COPEPODS DISPLAYED CONSISTENT, SEASONAL INCREASES IN ABUNDANCE INSIDE CAGES, ALTHOUGH THEIR PATTERNS OF RESPONSE WERE NOTABLY DIFFERENT. THE DOMINANT MEIOBENTHIC COPEPODS, STENHELIA (D.) BIFIDIA, MICROARTHRIDION LITTORALE, ENHYDROSOMA PROPINQUUM , AND SCHIZOPERA KNABENI , RESPONDED TO MACROEPIFAUNA EXCLUSION BY RAPIDLY (WITHIN WEEKS) INCREASING IN DENSITY INSIDE CAGES AND, SUBSEQUENTLY, CRASHING TO CONTROL FIELD LEVELS. POLYCHAETES, REPRESENTED MAINLY BY MANAYUNKIA AESTUARINA , INCREASED MORE SLOWLY THAN COPEPODS INSIDE CAGES, AND UNLIKE COPEPODS, SHOWED NO SIGNS OF DENSITY LIMITATION INSIDE MACROEPIFAUNA-EXCLUDED AREAS. IN CAGE SITES REOPENED TO MACROEPIFAUNA INFLUENCES, COPEPOD DENSITIES DECREASED TO VALUES INTERMEDIATE BETWEEN CAGE AND OPEN CONTROL AREAS, WHILE POLYCHAETES WERE QUICKLY REDUCED TO OPEN FIELD DENSITIES. THE EXCLUSION OF MACROEPIFAUNA NOT ONLY PRODUCED CHANGES IN DENSITIES OF POLYCHAETES, BUT ALSO RESULTED IN INCREASED SURVIVAL OF LARGE SIZE CLASSES. RESULTS SUPPORT THE HYPOTHESIS THAT MACROEPIFAUNA PREDATION/DISTURBANCE HAS AN IMPORTANT EFFECT ON MEIOFAUNAL ASSEMBLAGES. THE DYNAMICS OF THE BACTERIAL POPULATION ASSOCIATED WITH A SALT MARSH. 81-07 78334 WILSON, C. A. STEVENSON, L. H. J. EXP. MAR. BIOL. ECOL., 48(2), 123-138 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP BIOL. AND BELLE W BARUCH INST MAR. BIOL. AND COAST RES., UNIV. SOUTH CAROLINA, COLUMBIA, SC 29208, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0041-8868-A THE DISTRIBUTION AND TEMPORAL FLUCTUATIONS IN THE DENSITY OF BACTERIA IN THE WATER COVERING A HIGH-SALINITY MARSH WERE INVESTIGATED. THE OBSERVED DENSITIES RANGED FROM ABOUT 1 TO 19 X 10 6 BACTERIA/ML WHICH WAS MORE THAN DOUBLE THE MEAN DENSITY RECOVERED FROM LARGE CREEKS NEAR THE MOUTH OF THE MARSH SYSTEM. BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH SESTON VARIED TIDALLY AND SEASONALLY, WHEREAS THE POPULATION OF FREE PLANKTONIC BACTERIA VARIED ONLY SEASONALLY VERY SMALL FLUORESCING BODIES WERE COMMONLY OBSERVED DURING EPIFLUORESCENT OBSERVATION OF SAMPLES. THESE SMALL BODIS WERE OBSERVED AT DENSITIES 2 69 ------- ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE HIGHER THAN EASILY RECOGNISED BACTERIA. IN A SALT MARSH, THE RELATIVE DENSITY OF EPIBACTERIA WAS INFLUENCED BY SHORT-TERM TIDAL EFFECTS, AND THE POPULATION OF PLANKTOBACTERIA WAS APPARENTLY CONTROLLED BY LONG-TERM SEASONAL PHENOMENA. AN ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF FRASER ESTUARY TIDAL MARSHES: THE ROLE OF DETRITUS AND THE CYCLING OF ELEMENTS. 81-06 01313 KISTRITZ, R. V. TECH REP., UNIV. BRITISH COLUMBIA, WESTWATER RES. CENT., 15, 59 PP (1978) MAB-CANADA . LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (WESTWATER RES. CENT , UNIV. BRITISH COLUMBIA, VANCOUVER, B.C., CANADA) TYPE- MONOGRAPHIC SERIES NDN- 032-0041-7549-6 THE GREAT VARIETY OF TIDAL MARSH ECOSYSTEMS CAN BE CHARACTERIZED IN GENERAL TERMS BY DESCRIBING VARIOUS PHYSICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL FEATURES. THE DEVELOPMENT OF FRASER MARSHES IS DESCRIBED AS PROCEEDING FROM HUMMOCK FORMATIONS WHICH COALESCE TO EVENTUALLY FORM AN EXPANSE OF MARSH. CHANGES IN THE EXTENT OF MARSHLAND IS ILLUSTRATED FOR LONG AND SHORT TIME SPANS. TOTAL EXISTING TIDAL MARSHES ARE DOMINATED BY 4 BASIC MARSH COMMUNITY TYPES: TYPHA LATIFOLIA (CATTAIL), CAREX LYNGBEI (SEDGE), SCIRPUS SPP . (BULLRUSH) AND SALICDRNIA VIRGINICA (SALTWORT). MAJOR AUTOCHTHONOUS AND ALLOCHTHONOUS SOURCES OF DETRITUS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE ARE DESCRIBED FOR VARIOUS ESTUARIES IN NORTH AMERICA AND FOR THE FRASER ESTUARY MAJOR GENERALIZATIONS AND HYPOTHESES FROM THE LITERATURE RELATED TO MARSH DETRITUS ARE DISCUSSED IN DETAIL AND EVALUATED AS TO HOW THEY MAY APPLY TO WHAT IS PRESENTLY KNOWN ABOUT FRASER ESTUARY MARSHES. FIVE BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES, NAMELY FLOCCULATION AND SEDIMENTATION, MINERAL-WATER INTERACTIONS, ADSORPTION/DESORPTION, EXCHANGE REACTIONS AT THE SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACE AND BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES WHICH ARE IMPORTANT IN NUTRIENT CYCLING IN ESTUARIES ARE BRIEFLY DISCUSSED. NITROGEN IS SELECTED FOR A MORE DETAILED DISCUSSION OF THE SOURCES AND SINKS AND THE IMPORTANCE OF THE BIOGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES IN CYCLING. THE BIRD FAUNA OF THE SWAMP REGNEMARK MOSE, ZEALAND, WITH ESTIMATES ON THE ROLE OF BIRDS IN THE ENERGY BUDGET OF MARSHLAND. 81-06 75433 FJELDSA, J. DAN. ORNITHOL. FOREN. TIDSSKR., 74(3-4), 91-104 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- DANISH, ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (ZOOL. MUS., UNIVERSITETSPARKEN 15, 2100 COPENHAGEN 0, DENMARK) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: DRIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0041-7457-8 THE AVIFAUNA OF THE SWAMP WAS CENSUSED IN 1976 USING A MODIFIED MAPPING METHOD. VEGETATION TYPES AND ROUGH ESTIMATES OF PRODUCTION, BASAL METABOLIC RATE AND NET ENERGY REQUIREMENTS ARE ALSO GIVEN. (ECOLOGICAL STRATEGY OF A PERENNIAL AND ANNUAL SALICORNIA COMPARED: GERMINATION AND GROWTH OF YOUNG STANDS) 81-06 76637 GROUZIS, M. OECOL. PLANT., 8(4), 367-375 (1973) MAB-FRANCE LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (SECT. ECO-PHYSIOL. C.E.P.E.-LOUIS EMBERGER, CNRS BP 5051, 34033 MONTPELLIER CEDEX, FRANCE) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG RESEARCH NDN- 032-0041-6255-4 TWO HALOPHYTES, WIDELY SPREAD OVER THE FRENCH MEDITERRANEAN COASTAL ZONE, S. EMERICI AND S. FRUTICOSA , HAVE ADOPTED DIFFERENT EVOLUTIONARY STRATEGIES. S. EMERICI IS ANNUAL AND COLONIZES THE BARE SILT SURFACES WHERE EVERY YEAR NUMEROUS SEEDLINGS ARE OBSERVED. S. FRUTICOSA IS PERENNIAL AND DEVELOPS A DENSE PERSISTENT VEGETATION COVER CHARACTERISTIC OF MATURE ECOSYSTEM. THIS SPECIES ALSO PRODUCES NUMEROUS SEEDS BUT SEEDLINGS ARE FOUND ONLY OCCASIONALLY. LAB STUDIES WERE MADE OF THE EFFECTS OF ( 1 ) PRETREATMENT OF SEEDS ON GERMINATION, AND (2) SALINITY OF THE SUBSTRATE, ON GROWTH DURING THE EARLY STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT. RESULTS SHOW THAT SALINITY INHIBITS SEED GERMINATION IN S. EMERICI , BUT NOT IN S. FRUTICOSA COLD TREATMENT IN HUMID AIR IS NOT REQUIRED FOR GERMINATION IN THE LATTER SP . BOTH SPECIES RESPOND IN A SIMILAR MANNER TO SALINITY DURING THE EARLY STAGES OF GROWTH. THEREFORE, SCARCENESS OF S. FRUTICOSA SEEDLINGS SEEMS NOT TO BE 70 ------- RELATED TO SOME INTRINSIC PROPERTY OF THE SEED. GROWTH RATE AND PHOSPHATE UTILIZATION OF SOME OLIGOTROPHIC TO EUTROPHIC SWAMP HABITATS. CAREX SPECIES FROM A RANGE OF 81-06 75179 VEERKAMP. M. T CORRE, W. J. ATWELL, B. J. KUIPER, P J. C. PHYSIOL. PLANT., 50(3), 237-240 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. PLANT ECOL., AGRICULT. UNIV. WAGENINGEN, PO BOX 8128, 6700 ET WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0041-3012-0 IN A GROWTH EXPERIMENT AT PHOSPHATE LEVELS VARYING BETWEEN 0.0005 AND 0.1 MM RELATIVE GROWTH RATES AND OTHER GROWTH PARAMETERS WERE DETERMINED IN CAREX ROSTRATA, C. LIMOSA, C. LASIOCARPA, C. DIANDRA AND C. ACUTIFORMIS , LISTED IN ORDER OF INCREASING NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY OF THEIR NATURAL HABITATS). IN ALL SPECIES, MORE EFFICIENT UTILIZATION OF THE PHOSPHATE WAS OBSERVED WITH DECREASING PHOSPHATE LEVELS, TOGETHER WITH REDUCED FRESH SHOOT RATIO. IN ADDITION, EACH SPECIES SHOWS CHARACTERISTICS WHICH MAY HELP IT TO GROW UNDER LOW PHOSPHATE CONDITIONS: RELATIVELY HIGH PHOSPHATE LEVEL IN THE PLANT ( C. ROSTRATA ), A LOW FRESH SHOOT RATIO ( C. LIMOSA ) AND REGULATION OF UPTAKE AND TRANSLOCATION OF PHOSPHATE IN SUCH A WAY THAT RELATIVE GROWTH RATE DURING THE FIRST 2 WEEKS IS MAINTAINED OR EVEN INCREASED FOR A LONGER PERIOD ( C. ROSTRATA, C. LIMOSA AND C. DIANDRA ). IN THE CAREX SPECIES, THE CONTRIBUTION OF FRESH SHOOT RATIO TO RELATIVE GROWTH RATE IS MUCH LARGER THAN .THAT OF NET ASSIMILATION RATE. C. ACUTIFORMIS , A SPECIES OF EUTROPHIC AREAS, HAD THE HIGHEST RELATIVE GROWTH RATE. A MODEL OF NATURAL AND MAN-INDUCED CHANGES IN OPEN FRESHWATER WETLANDS ON THE MASSACHUSETTS COASTAL PLAIN. 81-O6 71540 LARSON, J. S. MUELLER, A. J. MACCONNELL, W. P J. APPL. ECOL., 17(3), 667-673 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP FOR. AND WILDL. MANAGE., UNIV. MASSACHUSETTS, AMHERST, MA 01003, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0041-1308-A NATURAL SUCCESSION AND MAN-INDUCED CHANGES IN OPEN FRESHWATER WETLANDS WERE MEASURED OVER A 20-YR PERIOD USING PANCHROMATIC AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS. OVER THE PERIOD 1951-71 NEARLY ONE-HALF OF 3958.9 HA OF THESE WETLANDS SHOWED A CHANGE IN VEGETATION CLASS. CHANGES IN WETLAND VEGETATION CLASS DUE TO NATURAL SUCCESSION EXCEEDED ALL MAN-INDUCED CHANGES. AGRICULTURE, CRANBERRY CULTURE AND HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION WERE THE LEADING MAN-INDUCED CAUSES OF WETLAND CHANGE. CURRENT PUBLIC POLICY IN THE US TOWARDS WETLAND PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT TREATS WETLANDS AS STATIC ENTITIES. A PARTIAL MODEL OF WETLAND CHANGE IS PRESENTED TO SUGGEST THAT WETLANDS SHOULD BE MANAGED AS DYNAMIC ELEMENTS ON THE LANDSCAPE. BRYOPHYTES OF THE PEAT MAT AT PONKAPOAG POND, EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS, WITH TAXONOMIC AND ECOLOGICAL NOTES ON SPHAGNUM 81-06 72777 JUDD, W. S. RHODORA, 82(832), 563-578 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH (DEP. EOT., UNIV. FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611, USA) ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0041-O072-1 AFFILIATION- TYPE- JOURNAL THE BRYOPHYTE FLORA AND ITS DISTRIBUTION WITHIN THE 3 MAJOR VEGETATION TYPES ( ACER RUBRUM SWAMP-FOREST, CHAMAECYPARIS THYOIDES FOREST, AND CHAMAEDAPHNE CALYCULATA THICKET) OF PONKAPOAG BOG IS DESCRIBED, WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON THE 15 SPHAGNUM SPECIES FOUND 71 ------- NITROGEN FIXATION AND THE NITROGEN BALANCE IN PEATLAND ECOSYSTEMS. 81-06 72831 WAUGHMAN, G. J. BELLAMY, D. J. ECOLOGY, 61(5), 1185-1198 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (BOT DEP., DURHAM UNIV , DURHAM CITY, UK) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- O32-0041-0018-8 A SURVEY OF HETEROTROPHIC NITROGEN FIXATION WAS CARRIED OUT ON PEAT FROM MIRES IN CANADA, ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, IRELAND, NORWAY, GERMANY, ITALY, AND MALAYSIA. A DETAILED STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN N FIXATION AND PEATLAND ECOLOGY WAS CARRIED OUT ON THE GERMAN SITES. NITROGENASE ACTIVITY WAS DETECTED IN ALL 16 FEN SITES EXAMINED. LOWER RATES WERE FOUND IN BOTH EXTREME RICH FEN AND POOR FEN SITES, WITH THE LOWEST RATES FOUND IN BOGS. A MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS INDICATED PH AND K TO BE POSITIVELY CORRELATED WITH NITROGENASE ACTIVITY'WHILST THE CORRELATION WITH CA WAS NEGATIVE. THE RESULTS SUGGEST THAT THE SYSTEMS AS A WHOLE MAY BE IN BALANCE WITH REGARD TO N. THE RATE OF NITROGENASE ACTIVITY IN PEAT FROM LOWER LATITUDES IS GREATER THAN FROM HIGHER LATITUDES WHEN TEMPERATURES ARE ALLOWED FOR. THE CONCENTRATION OF SOLUBLE N WAS HIGHER, AND THE RATE OF NITROGENASE ACTIVITY LOWER IN PEAT FROM BENEATH FEN WOODLAND THAN FROM THE EARLY UNWOODED PHASE OF SUCCESSION. ENERGY FLOW AND GRAZING BEHAVIOR OF CONOCEPHALINE GRASSHOPPERS IN A JUNCUS ROEMERIANUS MARSH. 81-06 73191 PARSONS, K. A. DE LA CRUZ, A. A. ECOLOGY, 61(5), 1045-1050 (198O) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. BIOL., EMORY UNIV , ATLANTA, GA 30322, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- O32-0040-9658-2 AT LEAST 3 SPP OF CONOCEPHALINE GRASSHOPPERS (TETTIGONIIDAE) FORM THE MAJOR GRAZING HERBIVORES ON THE LEAVES OF THE MARSH BLACK NEEDLERUSH J. ROEMERIANUS NET ANNUAL ABOVEGROUND PRODUCTION OF JUNCUS AND INGESTION, ASSIMILATION AND PRODUCTION OF NEW TISSUE BY THE GRASSHOPPERS WAS MEASURED. A SECONDARY EFFECT OF GRAZING WAS MANIFESTED BY THE PREMATURE DEATH OF PORTIONS OF THE JUNCUS LEAF DISTAL TO THE GRAZED AREA. SUBSEQUENT MECHANICAL BREAKAGE RESULTED IN EARLY DEPOSITION OF BROKEN-OFF LEAF TIPS INTO THE DETRITAL MAT ON THE MARSH. THIS REPRESENTED INPUT INTO THE DECOMPOSER TROPHIC LEVEL PRIOR TO THE DEATH AND DEPOSITION OF THE ENTIRE JUNCUS LEAF THE ADDITION OF JUNCUS TO THE DIET OF THE CONOCEPHALINE POST-NYMPHAL AND ADULT STAGES IS DISCUSSED IN THE LIGHT OF THE HYPOTHESIS THAT C 4 PLANTS ARE NUTRITIONALLY INFERIOR TO C 3 PLANTS, BASED ON COMPARISONS OF AMINO ACID CONCENTRATIONS WITHIN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE JUNCUS LEAF AND IN COMPARISON WITH SPARTINA CYNOSUROIDES FERTILITY OF DIFFERENT MIRE TYPE GROUPS. 81-06 73342 URVA5, L. ERVIO, R. HYVARINEN, S. ANN. AGRIC. FENN., 19(2), 85-91 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FINNISH AFFILIATION- (AGRIC. RES. CENT., INST SOIL SCI. SF-01300 VANTAA 30, FINLAND) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0040-9507-8 SOIL SURVEY MATERIAL COLLECTED FROM NATURAL PEATLANDS WAS DIVIDED INTO 6 MIRE TYPE GROUPS ON THE BASIS OF INDICATOR PLANT SPECIES. THE TYPE GROUPS IN DECREASING ORDER OF FERTILITY WERE (1) FEN-LIKE, (2) HERB-RICH, (3) ORDINARY SEDGE, (4) SMALL-SEDGE, (5) COTTONGRASS AND DWARF-SHRUB, AND (6) FUSCUM. THE ACIDITY OF THE PEATLANDS INCREASED BY ABOUT ONE PH UNIT GOING FROM THE FEN TO FUSCUM TYPE. CONTENTS OF EXTRACTABLE CALCIUM AND TOTAL NITROGEN FELL AS THE MIRE TYPE WORSTENED (CA FROM 1149-157 MG/L, N FROM 1.94-0.70%). CONTENTS OF EXTRACTABLE POTASSIUM AND PHOSPHORUS, HOWEVER, WERE FAIRLY SIMILAR FOR ALL THE MIRE TYPES, AND SHOWED NO TENDENCY TO VARY WITH TYPE. FOR THE FIRST 3 TYPES THE C/N RATIO AVERAGED 24, BUT INCREASED THROUGH 41 FOR THE SMALL-SEDGE TYPE GROUP, TO 67 FOR THE FUSCUM TYPE GROUP. 72 ------- DEVELOPMENT OF A SALT MARSH MICROECOSYSTEM. KITCHENS, W. M. 81-05 67482 INT. d. ENVIRON. STUD., 13(2), 109-118 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (BELLE W. BARUCH INST MAR. BIOL. AND COASTAL RES., UNIV SOUTH CAROLINA, COLUMBIA, SC 29208, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0040-5376-4 FOUR REPLICATE OUTDOOR MICROECOSYSTEMS WERE CONSTRUCTED, UTILIZING 'SODDED' SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA SALT MARSH PLOTS (WITH ATTENDANT FAUNA AND FLORA) CONTAINED WITHIN POLYVINYLCHLORIDE (PVC) METABOLISM CHAMBERS WHICH WERE OPEN TO THE ATMOSPHERE. THIS STUDY WAS DESIGNED TO DEMONSTRATE REPLICABI LITY OF SALT MARSH MICROECOSYSTEM UNITS AND TO OBSERVE HOW,CLOSELY THE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROCESSES WITHIN THE MICROECOSYSTEMS 'TRACKED' THOSE OF THE NATURAL MARSH SITE. THIS PAPER DESCRIBES AN APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF THE UNITS AND PROVIDES A RATIONALE FOR MEASURING SELECTED COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONAL PROCESSES WITHIN THE UNITS. SAMPLES FOR PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY DETERMINATIONS WERE MADE. BENTHIC FAUNAL SURVEYS OF THE MACRO AND MEIOBENTHOS INDICATE THESE COMMUNITIES ARE ESSENTIALLY IDENTICAL TO THE COMMUNITIES AT THE NATURAL SITE. TIDAL MARSHES THE BOUNDARY BETWEEN LAND AND OCEAN. GOSSELINK, d. 81-05 00724 BIOL. SERV. PROGRAM FISH. WILDL. SERV (U. S.) PUBL. BY: FWS; SLIDELL, LA (USA) dUL 1980 12 P. FWS/OBS-80/15. LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH CORP. AUTH- FISH AND WILDLIFE SERV., SLIDELL, LA (USA) NATL. COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS TEAM. AFFILIATION- (LOUISIANA STATE UNIV., CENT. FOR WETLAND RESOUR., BATON ROUGE, LA 70803, USA) TYPE- REPORT NDN- 032-OO40-3778-0 TIDAL MARSHES OF THE UNITED STATES COVER ABOUT 13,000 SQUARE MILES. THEY ARE VEGETATED BY A FEW HARDY SPECIES, MOSTLY GRASSES, THAT HAVE BEEN ABLE TO ADAPT TO THE UNUSUAL STRESSES OF TIDAL FLOODING AND SALT WATER. TIDAL MARSHES PROVIDE FEEDING AND NURSERY GROUNDS FOR MANY COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT FIN- AND SHELL-FISH. SPORT FISHERMEN, AS WELL AS HUNTERS, ARE ATTRACTED TO THESE AREAS BY THE PLENTIFUL SUPPLY OF FISH, WATERFOWL, AND FURBEARERS. THE PURPOSE OF THIS BROCHURE IS TO PROVIDE AN OVERVIEW OF THE ECOLOGY OF TIDAL MARSHES ALONG THE GULF COAST OF THE UNITED STATES, FACTORS AFFECTING THEM, AND THEIR VALUE. PLANT ASSOCIATIONS AND PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY OF THE NISOUALLY SALT MARSH ON SOUTHERN PUGET SOUND, WASHINGTON. 81-O5 66497 BURG, M. E. TRIPP, D. R. ROSENBERG, E. S. NORTHWEST SCI., 54(3), 222-236 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (NISOUALLY DELTA LAB., 9131 D'MILLUHR RD., OLYMPIA, WA 98506, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0040-0533-0 VEGETATION WAS SAMPLED ALONG TRANSECTS PLACED PERPENDICULAR TO OBSERVED ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS. TWELVE PLANT ASSOCIATIONS WERE DEFINED AND A VEGETATION MAP PREPARED SHOWING THEIR EXTENT AND LOCATION. THE DISTRIBUTION OF ASSOCIATIONS APPEARS TO BE DETERMINED BY THE COMBINED EFFECTS OF ELEVATION-INUNDATION AND THE FRESH WATER INFLUENCE OF THE NISOUALLY RIVER. PRODUCTIVITY VALUES WERE ESTIMATED FOR 8 ASSOCIATIONS USING A CLIP-HARVEST METHOD, WITH SAMPLES TAKEN AT MONTHLY INTERVALS. THE AVERAGE ANNUAL NET PRODUCTIVITY OF THESE 8 ASSOCIATIONS IS 814 G DRY WEIGHT/M 2 WITH A RANGE OF 90 TO 1390 G DRY WEIGHT/M 2. THE FESTUCA RUBRA-CAREX LYNGBYEI ASSOCIATION IS THE MOST PRODUCTIVE OF THE ASSOCIATIONS FOUND AT HIGH ELEVATIONS WHILE THE C. LYNGBYEI ASSOCIATION, FOUND AT LOW ELEVATIONS, IS THE MOST PRODUCTIVITE OF THE ASSOCIATIONS SAMPLED. 73 ------- CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THE ECOLOGY OF SOME SOUTH GERMAN PEATLANDS. 81-05 62261 WAUGHMAN, G. J. J. ECOL., 68(3), 1025-1046 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (SOUTH SHIELDS MAR. COLL., TYNE AND WEAR, UK) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0039-8267-A THE CONCENTRATION OF INORGANIC CONSTITUENTS OF MIRE VEGETATION AND THE UNDERLYING PEAT AT 50 SITES IN SOUTHERN GERMANY IS RELATED TO THE FEN-BOG VEGETATION GRADIENT. THE CONCENTRATION OF SOLUBLE NH 4 + -N WAS LOWEST IN PEAT FROM FENS AND GREATEST IN PEAT FROM BOGS. THE TREND FOR SOLUBLE NO 2 --N IN PEAT WAS THE REVERSE. THE LOWEST CONCENTRATION OF PO 4-P IN VEGETATION WAS IN BOGS, BUT IN PEAT FROM THESE SAME SITES THE CONCENTRATION OF EASILY SOLUBLE PO 4-P WAS GREATEST. THIS IS A WIDESPREAD FEATURE IN NATURAL PEATLANDS. CONCENTRATION OF TOTAL CA, MG, AND K WAS GREATEST IN PEAT AND VEGETATION FROM FENS, AND LOWEST IN BOGS. THE CONCENTRATION OF EXCHANGEABLE CA AND MG IN PEAT REFLECTED THAT OF TOTAL CONCENTRATION, EXCEPT THAT EXCHANGEABLE K HAD A REVERSE TREND WITH THE HIGHEST CONCENTRATION IN BOG PEAT. THE CONCENTRATION IN VEGETATION OF ALL HEAVY METALS EXCEPT ZN AND CU WAS HIGHEST IN PLANTS FROM BOGS. THE CA/MG QUOTIENT IN OMBROTROPHIC PEAT RANGED FROM 1.8-5.2. THE HIGHEST VALUE WAS IN THE MIRE COMPLEX RECEIVING THE GREATEST PRECIPITATION. THE GRADIENT FROM POOR FEN TO BOG IS MOST CLOSELY MIRRORED BY THE DECLINE IN CONCENTRATION OF K IN THE STANDING CROP.. (ON THE VEGETATION AND ECOLOGY OF THE SAGER SEA NATURE RESERVE, SOUTH OF OLDENBURG). 81-05 62666 HORST, K. EVERS, U. SCHIERHOLD, M. DROSERA, 2, 71-90 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN, ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (HOCHSCHULE LUNEBURG, WILSCHENBRUCHER WEG 84, D-2110 LUNEBURG, GFR) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0039-7862-7 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS SUCH AS 0 2, PH, NO 3 AND NH 4 + AND PLANT COMMUNITIES, SHOW THAT THE GREAT SAGER SEA IS MESOTROPHIC-DYSTROPHIC. IN THE MARSHY SOIL OF THE SEA MARGIN BUSHES AND WOOD COMMUNITIES DEVELOP IN SECONDARY PROGRESSIVE SUCCESSION: MYRICETUM GALE, MYRICO-SALICETUM CINEREAE, BETULETUM PUBESCENTIS. IN THE AREA OF EUTROPHIC DITCH INFLOW A CARICI ELONGATAE-ALNETUM COMMUNITY EXISTS. THERE ARE PERIPHERAL GRASS COMMUNITIES WHICH HAVE THE RARE JUNCETUM FILIFORMIS UNDERLYING THEM. THE ECOLOGY OF BREEDING WATERFOWL AT THE OUSE WASHES, ENGLAND. 81-05 62745 THOMAS, G. J. WILDFOWL, 31, 73-88 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (RSPB, THE LODGE, SANDY, BEDS. SG19 2DL, UK) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0039-7783-8 NEST SITE SELECTION CRITERIA OF GADWALL, TUFTED DUCK, MALLARD PINTAIL AND COOT ARE DESCRIBED. MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS FOR NONGAME BIRDS IN WESTERN WETLANDS. /(PRESENTED AT WORKSHOP AT SALT LAKE CITY, UT, USA, 11-14 FEB. 1980). 81-05 62794 CAPEN, D. E. LOW, J. B. GEN. TECH. REP., INTERMT. FOR. RANGE EXP STN., INT-86, 67-77 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (WILDL. BIOL. PROG., UNIV. VERMONT, BURLINGTON, VT 054O1, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0039-7734-7 FOUR TYPES OF WETLANDS WHICH ARE DISTINGUISHED BY DEGREE OF WATER PERMANENCE, SOIL SALINITY, AND COMPOSITION OF AQUATIC VEGETATION ARE DESCRIBED. BOTH SALINE AND FRESHWATER MARSHES PROVIDE NESTING HABITATS FOR A UNIQUE VARIETY OF GREBES, PELICANS, WADING BIRDS, SHOREBIRDS, AND GULLS. SALINE FLATS, OFTEN FLOODED ONLY SEASONALLY, ARE A VALUABLE HABITAT RESOURCE 74 ------- FOR MIGRATING BIRDS. GOOD WETLAND MANAGEMENT SHOULD PROVIDE FOR A WATER SUPPLY WHICH IS ADEQUATE BOTH IN QUANTITY AND DUALITY, AND INTERSPERSI ON OF OPEN WATER AND MARSH VEGETATION, AND A MIXTURE OF VEGETATIVE LAYERS. MANAGEMENT PRACTICES WHICH MAY ENHANCE HABITAT FOR BIRDS INCLUDE MANIPULATING WATER-LEVELS; MAINTAINING ISOLATED STANDS OF EMERGENT VEGETATION; CREATING ISLANDS AND FURROWS; ALTERING THE COMPOSITION OF EMERGENT VEGETATION; AND CONTROLLING LIVESTOCK ACCESS. THESE PRACTICES BENEFIT MOST WETLAND BIRDS, GAME AND NONGAME, BUT MAY BE SELECTIVELY EMPLOYED TO FAVOR CERTAIN GROUPS OF NONGAME SPECIES IF MANAGEMENT PRACTICES DICTATE. DRAINAGE OF ORGANIC SOILS AS A FACTOR IN THE WORLD CARBON CYCLE. 81-05 63100 ARMENTANO, T V. BIOSCIENCE, 30(12), 825-830 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (INST. ECOL., 4600 SUNSET AVE., INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46208, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-OO39-7428-A DATA ON THE WORLD'S WET ORGANIC SOILS ARE ASSESSED IN RELATION TO THE GLOBAL C CYCLE, AND THE CONSEQUENCES OF THEIR DRAINAGE ARE ESTIMATED. ORGANIC SOILS FUNCTION AS SINKS FOR REDUCED CO 2, AND DRAINAGE PROMOTES RAPID OXIDATION OF THE STORED C. THERE IS LITTLE DOUBT THAT THIS IS PRESENTLY RESPONSIBLE FOR A SMALL, BUT SIGNIFICANT PORTION OF THE RISE IN ATMOSPHERIC CO 2 AND MAY CONTINUE TO BE IN THE NEAR FUTURE. ECOLOGY OF BEGGIATOA /(81 REFS.) 81-05 02821 HOLLIS, J. P ACTA PHYTOPATHOL. ACAD SCI. HUNG., 14(3-4), 419-439 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP PLANT PATHOL. AND CROP PHYSIOL., LOUISIANA STATE UNIV., AGRIC. EXP. STA., BATON ROUGE, LA 70803, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE : REVIEW NDN- 032-0039-7225-7 THE SURVIVAL, BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE AND BACTERIOLOGY OF BEGGIATOA IN FLOODED SOIL OF RICEFIELDS AND MARSHES (WETLANDS) IS DISCUSSED AND THIS INFORMATION IS APPLIED IN A SPECULTIVE WAY TO THE PROBLEM OF HOW BEGGIATOA OPERATES IN THE CULTURAL AND NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS WITH RICE ( ORYZA SATIVA ) AND SPARTINA SPP FORESTED WETLANDS IN EASTERN CONNECTICUT- THEIR TRANSITION ZONES AND DELINEATION. 81-05 60096 ANDERSON, P H. LEFOR, M. W. KENNARD, W. C. WATER RESOUR. BULL., 16(2), 248-255 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (GCA/TECHNOL. DIV., BEDFORD, MA 01730, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0039-4745-7 VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION AND COMPOSITION AND SELECTED PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE SOILS OF WETLAND TO UPLAND TRANSITION ZONES IN DECIDUOUS WETLAND FORESTS WERE INVESTIGATED. CHANGES IN VEGETATION COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE, SOIL PH, AND SOIL WATER CONTENT WERE DETERMINED ALONG LINE TRANSECTS EXTENDED OVER WETLAND TO UPLAND TRANSITION ZONES. DIFFERENCES IN SOIL PH OCCURRED ALONG THE TRANSECTS BUT WERE OF SUCH MAGNITUDE THAT THEY PROBABLY HAVE LITTLE IMPACT ON PLANT DISTRIBUTION. THERE WERE SIGNIFICANT CHANGES IN SOIL WATER CONTENT ALONG THE WETLAND TO UPLAND GRADIENTS. DISCRIMINANT ANALYSIS APPLIED TO STATISTICAL 'INDEX OF ABUNDANCE' DATA DESCRIBING VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION AMONG THE ZONES SHOWED WHICH PLANT SPECIES BEST DISTINGUISH WETLANDS FROM UPLANDS. OF THE CRITERIA STUDIED, VEGETATION COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION, SOIL WATER CONTENT, AND RELIEF ARE THE MOST USEFUL CRITERIA FOR DELINEATING DECIDUOUS WETLAND FORESTS. 75 ------- (WATERPLANT AND REED COMMUNITIES OF THE CENTRAL REGION BETWEEN WITTENBERG AND AKEN). 81-05 60125 REICHHOFF, L. LIMNOLOGICA, 11(2), 409-455 (1978) LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN, ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AFFILIATION- (AKAD. LANDWIRTSCHAFTSWISS. DDR, INST. LANDSCHAFTSFORSCH., ARBEITSGRUPPE HALLE, DDR-402 HALLE (SAALE), NEUWERK 4, GDR) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0039-4716-0 FROM THE VALLEY OF ELBE RIVER BETWEEN THE TOWNS WITTENBERG AND AKEN THE WATERPLANT- AND REEDS-COMMUNITIES ARE DESCRIBED. IN THIS AREA 33 PLANT COMMUNITIES ARE FOUND. THE SINGLE ASSOCIATIONS ARE COMPARABLE WITH THOSE OF THE HERCYNIAN AREA. THE AUTHOR EXAMINES THE VEGETATION STRUCTURE AND THE FACTORS DETERMINING THE ASSOCIATIONS AND DISCUSSES THE SOCIOLOGICAL POSITION AS WELL AS THE INFLUENCE OF MAN. THE HOMOGENITY OF VEGETATION UNITS WAS CALCULATED USING STANDARD DEVIATION OF SPECIES NUMBERS BY MEANS OF BOTH THE COEFFICIENT OF VARIATION AND THE CENTRAL CONSTANCY NATURE CONSERVATION PROJECTS FOR THE NATIONAL PARK OF ICHKEUL. 81-04 58152 HOLLIS, G. E. BULL. OFF. NATL. PECHES (TUNISIA), 2(1-2), 235-248 (1978) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (DEP GEOGR . , UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON, UK) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-O039-2237-5 PUBLISHED WORK ON GARAET EL ICHKEUL IS REVIEWED. IN TERMS OF CONSERVATION INTEREST THE LAKE, THE POTAMOGETON BEDS, 5 SPECIES OF WINTERING WATERFOWL AND 2 SPECIES OF BREEDING WATERBIRDS ARE OF INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE. ELEVEN OTHER FEATURES ARE OF NATIONAL IMPORTANCE. THE MAJOR CONSTRAINTS TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE STATED MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES ARE SEEN AS LEGAL OBLIGATIONS AND THE PROPOSAL TO DAM AND DIVERT THE INFLUENT RIVERS. A COMPUTER SIMULATION MODEL SHOWS THAT THIS SCHEME WILL HAVE SERIOUS EFFECTS ON THE ECOLOGY OF THE LAKE MARSH ECOSYSTEM. PROJECTS TO MAINTAIN AND ENHANCE CONSERVATION INTEREST ARE DESCRIBED, PARTICULAR ATTENTION BEING GIVEN TO A SLUICE ON THE OUED TINDJA AND AN EMBANKED LAGOON AREA WITH ISLANDS FOR BREEDING WATERFOWL. LIFE FORMS AND LIFE STRATEGIES IN NANOCYPERION COMMUNITIES FROM THE NETHERLANDS FRISIAN ISLANDS. 81-04 55269 DURING, H. J. ACTA EOT. NEERL., 29(5-6), 483-496 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (VAKGROEP VEGETATIEKD. BOT. OECOL., HEIDELBERGLAAN 2, 3584 CS UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0039-1337-8 NANOCYPERION COMMUNITIES (S.L.) ARE CONSIDERED HERE AS ' WARP-AND-WOOF ' COMMUNITIES; THE NANOCYPERION COMPONENTS ARE DESCRIBED SEPARATELY AS SYNUSIAE. ON THE ISLANDS, 4 MAIN SYNUSIAE ARE RECOGNIZED. RAUNKIAER LIFE FORM SPECTRA SHOW FEW DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE COMMUNITIES. LIFE STRATEGY SPECTRA OF THE NANOCYPERION SYNUSIAE, BASED ON SYSTEMS FOR PHANEROGAMS AND BRYOPHYTES, YIELD THE CLEAREST PATTERNS. A COMPARISON OF THE ECOLOGY OF THE COMMUNITIES AND AN INTERPRETATION OF THE SPECTRA IN TERMS OF AVOIDANCE OF STRESS OR COMPETITION SUGGEST THAT INUNDATIONS AND STANDING CROP OF THE COMMUNITIES ARE THE MAIN FACTORS DETERMINING THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE SYNUSIAE. WINTER INUNDATIONS OVERRULE THE INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENCES IN PRODUCTIVITY LEVEL, WHICH BECOMES PROMINENT IN DRIER SITUATIONS. 76 ------- CHANGES OF GROUND WATER REGIME IN WET MEADOWS. M-04 55272 GROOTJANS, A. KLOOSTER, W. P T ACTA BOT. NEERL., 29(5-6), 541-554 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (VAKGROEP PLANTENOECOL. BIOL. CENT , RIJKSUNIV GRDNINGEN, POSTBUS 14, 9750 AA HAREN, NETHERLANDS) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0039-1334-5 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF GROUND WATER TABLE MEASUREMENTS SHOWED THAT SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES COULD BE ASSESSED IN GROUND WATER REGIMES OF THE FOLLOWING PLANT COMMUNITIES: CARICETUM GRACILIS TYPICUM, CARICETUM CURTO-ECHINATAE TYPICUM, CIRSIO-MOLINIETUM PEUCEDANETOSUM AND SENECIONI-BROMETUM RACEMOSI CARICETOSUM NIGRAE. DRAINAGE INDUCED CHANGES IN A CIRSIO-MOLINIETUM VEGETATION, WERE STUDIED OVER 12 YR. THE RESULTS WERE COMPARED WITH CHANGES IN THE GROUND WATER REGIME. SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES WERE OBTAINED IN MEDIAN AND MEAN GROUND WATER LEVELS BUT NOT IN EXTREME VALUES. THE VEGETATION DID RESPOND TO EXTREME GROUND WATER LEVELS. IT IS SUGGESTED THAT ONE DOES NOT CONCENTRATE ON MERE CONDITIONAL RELATIONSHIPS IN FIELD STUDIES, BUT CONSIDERS POSITIONAL RELATIONSHIPS AS WELL. LITTERFALL, STEMFLOW, AND THROUGHFALL NUTRIENT FLUXES IN AN ALLUVIAL SWAMP FOREST 81-04 55297 BRINSON. M. M. BRADSHAW, H. D. HOLMES, R. ELKINS, J. B JR . ECOLOGY, 61(4), 827-835 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (EASTERN ENERGY AND LAND USE TEAM, US FISH AND WILDL. SERV., ROUTE 3, BOX 44, KEARNEYSVILLE , WV 25430, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0039- 1 3O9-3 NUTRIENT DEPOSITION TO THE FOREST FLOOR OF AN ALLUVIAL SWAMP IN THE NORTH CAROLINA COASTAL PLAIN WAS MEASURED AND COMPARED WITH OTHER WETLAND AND UPLAND FORESTS. FOR THE ALLUVIAL FOREST, ANNUAL LITTERFALL WAS 6428 KG DRY MASS/HA OF WHICH 63% WAS NYSSA AOUATICA LEAVES. NUTRIENT FLUX TO THE FOREST FLOOR IN KG PER HA PER YR FOR LITTERFALL AND AQUEOUS SOURCES (STEMFLOW PLUS THROUGHFALL), RESPECTIVELY, WAS 2779 AND 91.5 FOR ORGANIC C, 72.77 AND 10.31 FOR N, 5.38 AND 1.55 FOR P, 7.19 AND 9.21 FOR S, 21.1 AND 11.96 FOR K, 45.1 AND 15.31 FOR CA , AND 17.0 AND 7.60 FOR MG . MOST OF THESE VALUES ARE NEAR THE UPPER RANGE OR HIGHER THAN THOSE REPORTED FOR MATURE UPLAND TEMPERATE FORESTS AND STILL-WATER SWAMPS. THE PARTICULARLY HIGH VALUES FOR N AND P IN THE ALLUVIAL FOREST MAY BE A CONSEQUENCE OF FLUVIAL SOURCES, WHEREAS NUTRIENT SOURCES FOR UPLAND FORESTS AND STILL-WATER SWAMPS ARE RESTRICTED TO ATMOSPHERIC INPUTS AND WEATHERING. WATER USE IN LOWLAND RICE CULTIVATION IN ASIA: A REVIEW OF EVAPOTRANSPI RATION 81-O4 02465 TOMAR, V S. O'TOOLE, J. C. AGRIC. WATER MANAGE., 3(2), 83-106 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP SOIL SCI., G.B. PANT UNIV. AGRIC. AND TECHNOL . , DISTT., NAINITAL, UP, INDIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW 032-0038-9645-0 PANTNAGAR NDN- THE LITERATURE ON AND BASIC PRINCIPLES AFFECTING TRANSPIRATION, EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AND THE RATIO OF ACTUAL EVAPOTRANSPI RATION TO OPEN PAN EVAPORATION (ET/EP) IN WETLAND RICE CULTURE OF SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST ASIA ARE REVIEWED. BASED ON EXISTING INFORMATION A SIMPLE MODEL IS SUGGESTED TO PREDICT EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FROM WETLAND RICE. 77 ------- STUDIES OF COASTAL SEDIMENTS, SOILS, AND BIOTA. JAMES BAY, ONTARIO, CANADA. 81-04 00825 MARTINI, I. P PROTZ, R. GRINHAM, D. KING, W. A. CLARKE, K. E. TECH MEMO DEP LAND RESOUR. SCI., UNIV. GUELPH, 79-1 1979. 290 P MAB-CANADA . LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. LAND RESOUR. SCI., UNIV. GUELPH, GUELPH, ONT , CANADA) TYPE- MONOGRAPHIC SERIES NDN- 032-0038-9178-A THE 1978-1979 RESEARCH CONCERNED; (A) THE ANALYSIS OF THE GEOMORPHOLOGY, SEDIMENTOLOGY, AND PEDOLOGY OF THE COASTS BETWEEN THE ALBANY RIVER AND EKWAN POINT, AND THE COASTS OF AKIMISKI ISLAND (NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, CANADA). THIS PROVIDES A DESCRIPTION OF STAGING AND BREEDING HABITATS OF MIGRATORY BIRDS, AN IDENTIFICATIN OF RESEARCH PROBLEMS, AND FORMULATION OF WORKING HYPOTHESES: AND (B) TESTING HYPOTHESIS FORMULATED IN 1977, INCLUDING ANALYSIS OF THE TIDAL FLATS OF AKIMISKI STRAIT WHICH ARE SWEPT BY REVERSING LONGSHORE CURRENTS, ANALYSIS OF SEDIMENTARY PROCESSES AND FACIES OF THE ENTRENCHING, ANASTOMOSING, LOWER REACHES OF THE ATTAWAPISKAT RIVER, AND ANALYSIS OF SEASONAL VARIATION IN SEDIMENTS AND BIOTA OF SALT MARSHES AND TIDAL FLATS OF NORTH POINT IMPACTS OF COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS ON LOCAL GROUND-WATER SYSTEMS. WISCONSIN POWER PLANT IMPACT STUDY 81-04 00830 ANDREWS, C. B. ANDERSON, M. P ECOL. RES. SER., EPA-600/3-80-079, 215 PP. (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (INST. ENVIRON. STUD., ENVIRON. MONITORING AND DATA AOUISITION GRP., UNIV WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI 53706, USA) TYPE- MONOGRAPHIC SERIES NDN- 032-0038-9173-A QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR SIMULATING THE IMPACTS OF A COAL-FIRED POWER PLANT ON THE GROUND-WATER SYSTEM OF A RIVER FLOOD-PLAIN WETLAND WERE DEVELOPED AND TESTED. EFFECTS RELATED TO THE CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF THE COOLING LAKE AND ASHPIT HAD THE GREATEST IMPACT. GROUND-WATER FLOW SYSTEM MODELS WERE USED TO SIMULATE GROUND-WATER FLOWS BEFORE AND AFTER THE COOLING LAKE AND ASHPIT WERE FILLED. DATA INDICATE THAT THE COOLING LAKE AND ASHPIT ALTERED LOCAL FLOW SYSTEMS AND INCREASED GROUND-WATER DISCHARGE. CONTAMINATED GROUND WATER WAS CONFINED TO A SMALL AREA NEAR THE ASHPIT THERMAL CHANGES IN THE GROUND WATER ARE A MAJOR IMPACT ON THE COOLING LAKE. CHANGES IN WATER TEMPERATURE AND LEVELS HAVE ALTERED THE WETLAND VEGETATION. GROUND-WATER TEMPERATURES NEAR THE COOLING LAKE WERE MONITORED. A MODEL WAS USED TO SIMULATE THE RESPONSE OF SUBSURFACE TEMPERATURES TO SEASONAL CHANGES IN A LAKE AND AIR TEMPERATURES. LONG-TERM SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE CHANGES EXPECTED IN THE WETLAND WERE PREDICTED. IT IS PREDICTED THAT BY 1987 GROUND-WATER TEMPERATURES WILL BE INCREASED, RESULTING IN AN INCREASE IN GROUND-WATER FLOW. COPPER AND LEAD LEVELS IN CROPS AND SOILS OF THE HOLLAND MARSH AREA ONTARIO 81-04 52246 CZUBA, M. HUTCHINSON, T C. J. ENVIRON. OUAL., 9(4), 566-575 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (NATL. RES. COUNC., 100 SUSSEX DR., OTTAWA, ONT. K1A OR6, CANADA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0038-7825-6 THE SOILS ARE DEEP ORGANIC MUCKS, DERIVED BY THE DRAINAGE OF BLACK MARSHLAND SOILS, WHICH HAS BEEN CARRIED OUT OVER THE PAST 40 YR. A COMPARISON IS MADE BETWEEN THE PB AND CU CONCENTRATIONS IN UNDRAINED, UNCULTIVATED AREAS OF THE MARSH AND IN THE INTENSIVELY USED HORTICULTURAL AREA. THERE IS A MARKED ACCUMULATION OF CU IN SURFACE LAYERS OF CULTIVATED SOILS, WITH A MEAN SURFACE CONCENTRATION OF 130 PPM, DECLINING TO 20 PPM AT A 32 CM DEPTH. UNDRAINED SOILS HAD <20 PPM AT ALL DEPTHS. PB CONCENTRATIONS ALSO DECLINED THROUGH THE PROFILE, FROM CONCENTRATIONS OF 22 TO 10 PPM. IN COMPARISON, UNDRAINED AREAS HAD ELEVATED PB LEVELS. CU AND PB LEVELS FOUND IN THE CROPS WERE GENERALLY HIGHER IN THE YOUNG SPRING VEGETABLES THAN IN THE MATURE FALL ONES. LEAFY CROPS, ESPECIALLY LETTUCE (LACTUCA) AND CELERY (APIUM GRAVEOLENS) , ACCUMULATED HIGHER PB LEVELS IN THEIR FOLIAGE COMPARED WITH LEVELS IN ROOT CROPS. CULTIVATION PROCEDURES, INCLUDING PAST PESTICIDE 78 ------- APPLICATIONS AND FERTILIZER ADDITIONS, APPEARED TO BE PRINCIPAL SOURCES OF CU . SOME EFFECTS OF GRAZING ON VEGETATION DYNAMICS IN THE CAMARGUE, FRANCE) 81-04 53638 BASSETT, P A. VEGETATIO, 43(3), 173-184 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH (C/0 22, CHATSWORTH GARDENS, NEW MALDEN, SURREY, KT3 6DW, JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0038-6433-4 AFFILIATION- UK) TYPE- THE EFFECTS OF HORSES, RABBITS AND COYPU ON PLANT SUCCESSION WERE STUDIED IN 5 DIFFERENT VEGETATION TYPES IN THE CAMARGUE OVER 3 YR. THE HORSES HAD A VERY MARKED EFFECT ON A SCIRPUS MARITIMUS-PHRAGMITES MARSH, CONSIDERABLY REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF THE 2 MAIN SPECIES. IN THE OTHER SITES, THE EFFECTS WERE LESS DRASTIC. IN THE 2 GRASSLAND AREAS, THEY REDUCED THE VEGETATION HEIGHT IN THE 3RD YEAR, AND THERE WAS ALSO A CHANGE IN SPECIES COMPOSITION AT ONE SITE WHICH WAS USED MORE INTENSIVELY THAN THE OTHER. IN A 2ND MARSH SITE, THEY CAUSED A REDUCTION IN THE AMOUNT OF THE DOMINANT GRASS (AELUROPUS LITORALIS) , WHILE THEY CONTROLLED THE QUANTITY OF 2 OF THE PRINCIPAL SPECIES OF A DWARF SCRUB AREA (HALIMIONE PORTULACOIDES AND PUCCINELLIA DISTANS) . THE EFFECTS OF THE RABBITS AND COYPU, ON THE OTHER HAND, WERE NOT VERY PRONOUNCD. VERY HIGH RAINFALL DURING THE EXPERIMENT WAS AN IMPORTANT CONSTRAINT ON SUCCESSION. THESE ARE PRELIMINARY RESULTS FROM A LONG TERM STUDY OF VEGETATION DYNAMICS IN THE AREA. DIRECTORY OF WETLANDS OF INTERNATIONAL IMPORTANCE IN THE WESTERN PALEARCTIC. 81-03 00284 CARP. E. PUBL. BY: UN ENVIRON. PROG. AND INT. UNION FOR CONSERV. OF NAT AND NATL. RESOUR. DISTRIB. BY- UNIPUB; 345 PARK AVE. SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010, USA AND BOWKER PUBL. CO.; POB 5, EPPING, ESSEX CM16 4BU, UK. 1980. 506PP ISBN 2-88032-300-2 AT US S27.50. LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- BOOK EDITED COLLECTION NDN- 032-0038-3557-7 NO-ABSTRACT OKEFENOKEE SWAMP ORIGIN: REVIEW AND RECONSIDERATION. 81-03 45648 PARRISH, F K. RYKIEL, E. J. JR. J. ELISHA MITCHELL SCI SOC., 95(1), 17-31 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (BIOL. DEP., GEORGIA STATE UNIV., ATLANTA, GA 30303, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0038-3294-0 OKEFENOKEE SWAMP HAS BEEN VIEWED IN THE PAST AS AN ECOSYSTEM OF IMMENSE ANTIQUITY THE BASIC TENET OF THIS PLEISTOCENE MARINE ORIGIN THEORY IS THAT THE SWAMP ORIGINATED AS A SALT WATER LAGOON DURING THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM THE YARMOUTH INTERGLACIAL TO THE ILLINOIAN GLACIATION. HOWEVER, EVIDENCE ACCUMULATED DURING THE LAST DECADE REQUIRES REJECTION OF THIS THEORY AND INDICATES THAT THE SWAMP ECOSYSTEM FORMED ENTIRELY IN HOLDCENE TIME UNDER FRESHWATER CONDITIONS. (SEVERAL BIOLOGICAL AND FLORISTIC OBSERVATIONS ON THE PADDY FIELDS OF THE CAMARGUE: CHARACEAE BIOTOPES). 81-03 49305 GUERLESQUIN, M. VAGUER, A. BULL. ECOL., 11(2), 113-124 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (LAB. BIOL. VEG. ET DE PHYTOGEOGR., I.R.F.A., B.P. 808, 49005 ANGERS CEDEX, FRANCE) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0037-9637-A EIGHT TAXA OF CHARACEAE ARE FOUND IN THE RICE PADDIES OF THE CAMARGUE. 2 OF THEM ARE NEW TO THE REGION. THE PRINCIPAL PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS WHICH DETERMINE THEIR DEVELOPMENT IN THE RICE PADDIES ARE DISCUSSED. THEIR PRESENCE IN THE COMPOSITION OF CHARETUM VULGARIS COR. 1957 OR MORE RARELY OF CHARETUM BRAUNII COR. 1957 IS QUESTIONED. A PRELIMINARY 79 ------- LIST OF ALGAE WHICH COEXIST WITH THESE CHARACEAE IS PRESENTED, CERTAIN OF WHICH CHARACTERIZE THESE ASSOCIATIONS THUS AGREEING WITH MARGALEF (1948) AND IONESCU-TECULESCU (1972). HOW TO VALUE WETLANDS. 81-03 49740 LARSON, J. S. UNDERWAT. NAT., 12(1), 25-28 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (UNIV MASSACHUSETTS, AMHERST, MA 01002, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0037-9202-7 THE IMPORTANCE AND CONSERVATION OF WETLANDS IN THE USA IS DISCUSSED. MARSH PLANTS AS VECTORS IN TRACE METAL TRANSPORT IN OREGON TIDAL MARSHES. 81-03 49808 GALLAGHER, J. L. KIBBY, H. V AM. J. BOT., 67(7), 1069-1074 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (COLL. MAR. STUD., UNIV. DELAWARE, LEWES, DE 19958, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0037-9134-2 THE ROLE OF PACIFIC COAST MARSH PLANTS AS VECTORS IN THE FLUX OF TRACE METALS WAS STUDIED IN NATURAL AND PERTURBATED SITUATIONS. THE FLUX OF OR, CU, FE, MG, SR, AND 2N WERE STUDIED IN NATURAL STANDS OF CAREX LYNGBYEI, DISTICHLIS SPICATA, POTENTILLA PACIFICA , AND SALICORNIA VIRGINICA SEASONAL FLUXES OF TRACE METALS INTO THE SHOOTS OF THE LIVING PLANTS WERE MEASURED AS WAS THEIR TRANSFER TO THE DEAD PLANT COMMUNITY THROUGH MORTALITY. DISAPPEARANCE FROM THE LATTER COMMUNITY (THROUGH FRAGMENTATION, LEACHING AND EXCRETION) WAS CALCULATED. SEASONAL DATA WERE SUMMED TO PRODUCE ANNUAL INPUT-OUTPUT BUDGETS. THE FLUX VARIED FROM 3 MG/M 2 FOR CR IN A STAND OF POTENTILLA PACIFICA TO 15000 MG/M 2 FOR FE IN CAREX LYNGBYEI ). THE UPTAKE OF TRACE METALS FROM CONTAMINATED DREDGED MATERIAL WAS COMPARED WITH THAT FROM NATURAL SOILS USING MODIFIED BUCKETS PLACED IN THE MARSH. FOUR PLANTS ( C. LYNGBYEI, D. SPICATA, DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA , AND S. VIRGINICA ) WERE TESTED FOR CD, CR, CU, PB AND ZN. COPPER WAS THE ONLY METAL ACCUMULATED FROM CONTAMINATED SOILS IN THE SITUATIONS TESTED. (ATTEMPTS AT CONSERVING POORLY VEGETATED MUD FLATS FOR LIMICOLES IN SHALLOW LAKES) 81-03 45538 MEIER, M. VIERTELJAHRSSCHR. NATURFORSCH. GES. ZURICH, 124(3), 185-197 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN AFFILIATION- (FINKENHUBELWEG 14, CH-3012 BERN, SWITZERLAND) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0037-623O-0 POORLY VEGETATED MUD FLATS WERE SCATTERED WITH PLASTIC SHEETS IN AN ATTEMPT TO ENCOURAGE LIMICOLES. THE AIM WAS TO SELECT THE TIME AND DURATION OF COVER SO THAT ENCOURAGING RESULTS WERE OBTAINED WITHOUT UPSETTING THE BIRDS USING THE MUD FLATS. THE PLASTIC COVER CAUSES THE DEATH OF EXISTING PLANTS WITHIN 2 MONTHS. THE DEAD PLANT MATERIAL OFTEN AFFECTS THE VALUE OF THE FLATS FOR THE LIMICOLES. PLANT DECAY TAKES LONGER UNDER THE PLASTIC SHEETS. ANNUAL PLANTS (THEROPHYTES) QUICKLY RECOLONISE THE FLATS. THE BEST RESULTS WERE OBTAINED BY COVERING BETWEEN THE END OF APRIL UNTIL 20 JULY. CARE MUST BE TAKEN WITH THE COVERING NEAR THE WATERS EDGE. FLATS WHICH ARE ONLY JUST ABOVE THE WATER TABLE ARE THE MOST SUITABLE. 80 ------- THE IMPACT OF A NATURAL DRAWDOWN ON THE GROWTH OF FOUR EMERGENT SPECIES IN A PRAIRIE GLACIAL MARSH. 81-03 39799 VAN DER VALK, A. G. DAVIS, C. B. AOUAT. EOT., 9(4), 301-322 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. EOT , IOWA STATE UNIV., AMES, IA 50011, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0037-5712-0 CHANGES IN TOTAL, VEGETATIVE AND FLOWERING SHOOT DENSITIES, WEIGHTS, HEIGHTS AND STANDING CROPS OF 4 EMERGENT SPECIES BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER A DROUGHT INDICATE THAT THE GROWTH OF 3 OF THESE SPECIES ( TYPHA GLAUCA, SCIRPUS FLUVIATILIS AND SPARGANIUM EURYCARPUM ) WAS ADVERSELY AFFECTED BY THE DROUGHT. THE DROUGHT, HOWEVER, TEMPORARILY REVERSED THE DECLINE IN VIGOR, WHICH HAD STARTED BEFORE THE DROUGHT, IN THE FOURTH SPECIES, SCIRPUS VALIDUS AND ENABLED THIS SPECIES TO PERSIST FOR 2 MORE YEARS IN THE MARSH. THE DATA SUGGEST THAT PERIODIC DRAWDOWNS ENABLE SEVERAL EMERGENT SPECIES TO COEXIST IN A COMMUNITY BECAUSE OF THEIR DIVERSE RESPONSES TO DISTURBANCE. SEASONAL CHANGES IN NEAR INFRARED REFLECTANCE RATIO AND STANDING CROP BIOMASS IN A SALT MARSH COMMUNITY DOMINATED BY HALIMIONE PORTULACOIDES (L.) AELLEN. 81-03 39973 JENSEN, A. NEW PHYTOL., 86(1), 57-67 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (BOT INST., UNIV. AARHUS, 68, NORDLANDSVEJ, 8240 RISSKOV, DENMARK) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0037-5538-A THE AMOUNT OF NEAR INFRARED RADIATION THAT WAS REFLECTED WAS STRONGLY CORRELATED WITH THE TOTAL STANDING CROP OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC TISSUE. DURING THE GROWING SEASON OF 1977 THE QUANTITY OF NEAR INFRARED RADIATION REFLECTED FROM THE VEGETATION WAS USED TO PREDICT THE AMOUNT OF STANDING CROP OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC TISSUE IN THE COMMUNITY THE PREDICTED VALUES WERE WITHIN 10°/. OF THE MEASURED VALUES OBTAINED BY THE USE OF A HARVEST TECHNIQUE. IN ADDITION THE AMOUNT OF REFLECTED NEAR INFRARED RADIATION WAS FOUND TO BE STRONGLY CORRELATED WITH LEAF AREA INDEX OF THE VEGETATION. ENERGY CONTENT OF WATER- AND BOG-PLANT ASSOCIATIONS IN THE REGION OF VALDIVIA (CHILE) 81-03 40671 STEUBING, L. RAMIREZ, C. ALBERDI, M. VEGETATIO, 43(3), 153-161 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (INST. PFLANZENOKOL. JUSTUS-LIEBIG-UNIV., HEINRICH-BUFF-RING 38, D-6300 GIESSEN, GFR) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE' ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-O037-4840-3 MAPPING THE VEGETATION OF THE LITTORAL ZONE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF AQUATIC HABITATS IN THE REGION OF VALDIVIA (CHILE) SUBMERGED EGERIETUM DENSUM, THE EMERGENT SAGITTARIO-ALISMENTUM AND THE SCIRPETUM CALIFORNIAE WERE FOUND. IN THE LITTORAL ZONE OF THE BANADOS (I.E. LAKES) FORMED BY INUNDATION AFTER SUBSIDENCE THE SUBMERGED EGERIETUM DENSUM, THE FLOATING-LEAVED POLYGONO-JUSSIAETUM AND THE EMERGENT JUNCETUM PROCERII; THE ANALYZED POND OF MEHUIN CONTAINED THE CALLITRICHETUM STAGNALIS CHILENSIS AND THE ARTIFICIAL PONDS CLOSE TO LA UNION THE LEMNO-AZOLLETUM. THE CALORIC VALUES OF 18 HYDROPHYTES SHOWED A DECLINE FROM THE LATE EMERGENT HYDROPHYTES (3 818 CAL/G) TO THE SUBMERGED (2 907 CAL/G) AND THERE WAS ALSO A DECREASE FROM THE FREE-FLOATING (3 652 CAL/G) TO THE FLOATING-LEAVED (3 364 CAL/G) AND TO THE SUBMERGED PLANTS. IN THE MOSTCASES HIGH CALORIC VALUES CORRESPOND TO A HIGH CONTENT OF LIGNIN (LARGE EMERGENT HYDROPHYTES) OR LIPIDS (FLOATING-LEAVED PLANTS) ------- ECOLOGICAL AND POPULATION STUDIES OF FIDDLER CRABS (OCYPODIDAE, GENUS UCA ) ON A MANGROVE SHORE AT PHUKET ISLAND, WESTERN PENINSULAR THAILAND. 81-03 42665 FRITH, D. W. BRUNENMEISTER, S. CRUSTACEANA, 39(2), 157-184 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- ('PRIONODURA' , PALUMA VIA TOWNSVILLE 4810, N. QUEENSL., AUSTRALIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0037-4173-5 SUBSTRATE CHARACTERISTICS, PARTICULARLY GRAIN SIZE, AND TO A LESSER EXTENT PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF MANGROVE VEGETATION, TEMPERATURE, AND TIDAL WETTING, AFFECT DISTRIBUTION, DENSITY, AND SYMPATRIC ASSOCIATIONS OF UCA FORCIPATA, U. URVILLEI, U. VOCANS, U. TRIANGULARIS , AND U. LACTEA DENSITY OF THE SMALL U. LACTEA WAS GREATER THAN THAT OF THE LARGER U. FORCIPATA, U. URVILLEI , AND U. VOCANS , AND DENSITIES OF SYMPATRIC SPECIES GREATER WHEN THE SPECIES INVOLVED DIFFERED MARKEDLY IN SIZE. U. URVILLEI RESTRICTS THE DENSITY OF U. LACTEA IN SUBSTRATES SUITED TO BOTH. DISTANCES ARE GREATER BETWEEN MALES' BURROWS INTRASPECIFICALLY (U. LACTEA) AND INTERSPECIFICALLY THAN BETWEEN MALES' AND FEMALES' BURROWS. LARGER INDIVIDUAL MALE U. VOCANS AND U. LACTEA PREDOMINANTLY OCCUR IN THE UPPER LIMITS OF THEIR INTERTIDAL RANGE, JUVENILES BEING MORE NUMEROUS AT LOWER SHORE LEVELS. MALES WERE 2 TO 3 X MORE ABUNDANT THAN FEMALES. PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF THE PEAT-BOG HUMMELL KNOWE MOSS USING VARIOUS NUMERICAL METHODS. 81-03 42699 CLYMO, R. S. VEGETATIO, 42, 129-148 (1980) SPECIAL ISSUE ON CLASSIFICATION AND ORDINATION. LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (EOT DEP., WESTFIELD COLLEGE, LONDON NW3 7ST, UK) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0037-4139-7 HUMMELL KNOWE MOSS IS ONE OF SEVERAL FINE AND RELATIVELY UNDAMAGED PEAT BOGS IN NORTHERN ENGLAND. A SINGLE PROFILE HAS 8 M OF BOG PEAT OVERLYING 2.5 M OF PHRAGMITES PEAT WITH SEEDS OF POTAMOGETON AND NYMPHAEA . THE BOG AS A WHOLE IS PROBABLY PART 'RAISED' AND PART 'BLANKET', AS ARE OTHERS IN THE AREA. MUCH OF THE PRESENT SURFACE IS WET, WITH SPHAGNUM MAGELLANICUM, ERIOPHORUM SPP, ANDROMEDA POLIFOLIA ETC. THERE ARE SOME ERODED AREAS WITH LESS SPHAGNUM AND MORE ABUNDANT FRUTICOSE LICHENS ( CLADONIA SPP), AND MARGINAL AREAS WITH MOLINIA CAERULEA, DESCHAMPSIA FLEXUOSA, S. RECURVUM AND POLYTRICHUM COMMUNE . NUMERICAL ANALYSES SHOW THE IMPORTANCE OF DATA TRANSFORMATION. OF THE ORDINATION METHODS TRIED, PCA PRODUCED UNHELPFUL RESULTS, BUT RA, PCO AND NP-MDS WERE ALL ADEQUATE. PCO CAN TAKE A VARIETY OF DISSIMILARITY MEASURES, BUT NOT ALL PRODUCE USEFUL RESULTS. NP-MDS IS MORE TOLERANT, AND CAN ALSO BE USED TO ADJUST THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF INTER-PAIR DISSIMILARITIES IN A MORE FLEXIBLE WAY THAN CAN PCO. FURTHER ANALYSES BY RA AFTER REMOVAL OF OUTLIERS WERE NOT OF GREAT USE, BUT THOSE BY PCD AND NP-MDS REVEALED CLEAR PATTERNS. TWO OF THE GROUPS OF SITES WERE LESS CLEARLY DEVELOPED VERSIONS OF THE EROSION AND MARGINAL VEGETATION TYPES. THE THIRD TYPE MAY BE DEVELOPED IN SLIGHTLY DRIER CONDITIONS, OR MAY IN SOME PLACES RESULT FROM DIFFERENCES IN MANAGEMENT THE USEFULNESS OF THE METHODS IN THIS SURVEY WAS NP-MDS -> PCO > RA > PCA. CHARACTERISTICS OF THREE POPULATIONS OF A SWAMP ANNUAL UNDER DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE REGIMES. 81-03 38731 CHRISTY, E. J. SHARITZ, R. R. ECOLOGY, 61(3), 454-460 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. BOT., WASHINGTON STATE UNIV , PULLMAN, WA 99164, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0037-2709-3 THIS STUDY WAS UNDERTAKEN TO EXAMINE RAPID EVOLUTION IN AN HERBACEOUS PLANT SPECIES IN RESPONSE TO STRONG SELECTION ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASES IN TEMPERATURE. DIFFERENCES IN GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION IN 3 POPULATIONS OF LUDWIGIA LEPTOCARPA DOMINANT ALONG THE EDGES OF STREAMS RECEIVING HEAT EFFLUENT WERE EXAMINED FOR 2 GROWING SEASONS. TWO POPULATIONS OF THIS SEMI-AQUATIC HERB WERE IN AREAS WITH ELEVATED WATER TEMPERATURES, AND ONE 82 ------- POPULATION WAS IN AN UNDISTURBED SWAMP. IN EACH OF THE POPULATIONS IN WARMER WATER, GROWTH AND REPRODUCTIVE OUTPUT WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER THAN IN PLANTS FROM THE UNDISTURBED SITE. TOTAL PERCENTAGE GERMINATION UNDER CONTROLLED TEMPERATURES FROM 22 TO 42 C DID NOT DIFFER AMONG THE 3 POPULATIONS; HOWEVER, INITIATION OF GERMINATION WAS DELAYED IN ALL 3 AT 22DEG. SEEDLINGS FROM ALL 3 POPULATIONS SHOWED SIMILAR GROWTH RESPONSES AT 22DEG., WHEREAS AT 32DEG. SEEDLINGS FROM THE HIGHER TEMPERATURE LOCATIONS GREW MORE RAPIDLY. AT 42DEG . , SURVIVORSHIP OF SEEDLINGS FROM ALL 3 SEED POPULATIONS WAS LOW. THESE RESULTS INDICATE SELECTION FOR TEMPERATURE-TOLERANT ECOTYPES IN THE DISTURBED AREAS. PALEOECOLOGICAL STUDIES IN THE KLOKKEWEEL BOG NEAR HOOGKARSPEL (PROV OF NOORD-HOLLAND) 81-02 35494 PALS, J. P VAN GEEL, B. DELFOS, A. REV. PALAEOBOT. PALYNOL . , 30(3-4), 371-418 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (ALBERT EGGES VAN GIFFEN INST PRAE-EN PROTOHIST., UNIV AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0037-1660- 1 THE COURSE OF FILLING-IN AND SUBSEQUENT BOG DEVELOPMENT OF A BRACKISH EUTROPHIC LAKE IS ANALYZED BY MEANS OF INVESTIGATIONS OF POLLEN, SPORES, ALGAE, FUNGAL REMAINS, DIATOMS AND PLANT MACROFOSSI LS . SOME UNKNOWN AND/OR NOT GENERALLY KNOWN MICRO- AND MACRO- FOSSI LS ARE DESCRIBED AND ILLUSTRATED. 1 4C DATINGS AND IGNITION RESIDUE DETERMINATIONS HAVE BEEN MADE. IN THE LAKE SEDIMENT, DEPOSITED ON A SUBSOIL OF MARINE CLAY, AND THE OVERLYING PEAT THE PHASES IN THE VEGETATIONAL SUCCESSION HAVE BEEN DEFINED. SALINITY, ALKALINITY AND TROPHIC DEGREE DECREASE WITH THE ADVANCING SUCCESSION. THE VEGETATION SHOWS TRACES OF HUMAN INFLUENCE, BUT APPARENTLY THE LOCAL SUCCESSION IS NOT STRONGLY AFFECTED THE PHASE WITH BIRCH CARR SHOWS 2 PERIODS OF WETTER CONDITIONS, THE 2ND OF WHICH MAY EXPLAIN THE WIDESPREAD ABANDONMENT OF PREHISTORIC SETTLEMENTS IN WEST FRIESLAND. THE POLLEN DIAGRAM SHOWS A MYSTERIOUS MAXIMUM OF PINUS FROM CA . 750 TO CA . 650 B.C. IN A NORTH BAVARIAN POND AREA. ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE WATER BIRD COMMUNITY 81-02 37524 BRANDL, R. SCHMIDTKE, K. AN2 . ORNITHOL. GES. BAYERN, 19(1-2), 47-56 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN, ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (8481 PRESSATH. KOLPINGSTR. 4, GFR) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-9630-8 SPECIES DIVERSITY AND EVENNESS WERE SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT BETWEEN HIGHLY AND LESS INTENSIVELY MANAGED PONDS. WATER LEVELS ARE ALSO OF IMPORTANCE FOR THE NUMBERS AND ECOTYPE COMPOSITION OF THE TRULY AQUATIC BIRDS, I.E. BIRD SPECIES LIVING AND FEEDING PERMANENTLY INSIDE THE PONDS. IF REED BEDS AND SEDGE ZONES ARE 40% OF THE TOTAL POND AREA, MAXIMAL VALUES ARE OBTAINED FOR THE WATER BIRD COMMUNITY THEY DECREASE IF THE UPLANDED AREAS INCREASE OR IF THEY ARE REMOVED BY POND MANAGEMENT THE STRUCTURE AND ORGANIZATION OF AN EELGRASS FISH FAUNA. ROBERTSON, A. I OECOLOGIA, 47(1), 76-82 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH BIOL., DALHOUSIE UNIV., HALIFAX, NS B3H 4J1, CANADA) ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-9473-8 81-02 37681 AFFILIATION- (DEP TYPE- JOURNAL TEN SPECIES OF FISH MADE UP <95% OF THE STANDING CROP OF THE TOTAL FISH ASSEMBLAGE OF A SHALLOW-WATER EELGRASS MEADOW IN SOUTHEASTERN AUSTRALIA THE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF EACH SPECIES REMAINED FAIRLY CONSTANT FROM YEAR TO YEAR DURING A 41/2 YR PERIOD. FOUR SPECIES WERE PERMANENT RESIDENTS, 3 MOVED OVER THE MEADOW AT HIGH TIDE, AND THE JUVENILES OF 3 SPECIES CHANGED RESIDENCE STATUS AS THEY GREW. MOST SPECIES EXHIBITED DISTINCT DIEL PATTERNS OF ACTIVITY, 4 SPECIES WERE DIURNAL AND 5 WERE NOCTURNAL. SPECIES FORAGED IN DIFFERENT MICROHABITATS AND DIETARY OVERLAP WAS VERY LOW AMONGST ALL BUT 2 SPECIES WHICH HAD OVERLAPPING HABITAT, PREY AND PREY SIZE PREFERENCES, BUT HAD DIFFERENT DIEL ACTIVITY PERIODS. DATA ON PRODUCTION BY PREY AND CONSUMPTION OF PREY BY THESE 2 FISH SPECIES INDICATED THAT COMPETITION FOR FOOD WAS PROBABLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE TEMPORAL SEPARATION OF FEEDING NICHES. 83 ------- PREDATION BY BIRDS AND FISH APPEARED TO BE THE MAJOR INFLUENCE ON THE DIEL ACTIVITY PERIOD OF ONE FISH SPECIES. THE MAINTENANCE OF THE PATTERNS OF RESOURCE ALLOCATION AMONG THE REMAINING SPECIES IS DISCUSSED AND THE ORGANIZATION OF DIFFERENT SEAGRASSFISH FAUNAS IS COMPARED. THE UPTAKE OF PHOSPHATE BY CAREX SPECIES FROM OLIGOTROPHIC TO EUTROPHIC SWAMP HABITATS. 81-02 37733 ATWELL. B. J. VEERKAMP. M. T STUIVER, B. KUIPER, P J. C. PHYSIOL. PLANT., 49(4), 487-494 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. AGRON., UNIV. WEST. AUSTRALIA, NEDLANDS, W.A. 6009, AUSTRALIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-9421-0 P I UPTAKE BY EXCISED ROOTS OF C. ROSTRATA, C. LIMOSA, C. LASIOCARPA, C. DIANDRA, C. HUDSONII AND C. ACUTIFORMIS FROM A RANGE OF OLIGOTROPHIC TO EUTROPHIC SWAMPS WAS INVESTIGATED. ALL SPECIES SHOWED 2 PHASES FOR P I UPTAKE IN THE P I CONCENTRATION RANGE OF 0.01-50 MM. IN PHASE 1, C. ROSTRATA AND C. LASIOCARPA HAD RELATIVELY HIGH VMAX:S AND KM:S, WHEREAS THE SPECIES FROM RICHER AREAS HAD INTERMEDIATE VALUES. THE LOWEST VMAX AND KM VALUES WERE FOUND IN C. LIMOSA AND C. HUDSONII IN PHASE 2, APART FROM THE HIGH VMAX AND KM VALUES FOUND FOR C. LASIOCARPA , THE KINETIC CONSTANTS SHOWED LITTLE VARIATION, INDICATING A SIMILAR P I CARRIER MECHANISM FOR ALL THE SPECIES. RESULTS ON PHOSPHATE UPTAKE AND LEAKAGE ARE DISCUSSED AGAINST THE PHOSPHATE REQUIREMENT OF EACH SPECIES IN ITS SPECIFIC HABITAT, AND AGAINST THE LITERATURE DATA OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS. TIDAL FRESHWATER MARSH ESTABLISHMENT ON DREDGE SPOILS IN THE COLUMBIA RIVER ESTUARY 81-02 38305 MCVAY, M. E. HEILMAN, P E. GREER, D. M. BRAUEN, S. E. BAKER, A. S. J. ENVIRON. QUAL., 9(3), 488-493 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (WESTERN WASHINGTON RES. AND EXT. CENT., PUYALLUP, WA 98371, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-8849-3 A STUDY OF MARSH ESTABLISHMENT THROUGH SEEDING AND TRANSPLANTING OF TUFTED HAIRGRASS DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA AND SLOUGH SEDGE CAREX OBNUPTA ON SANDY DREDGE MATERIAL IN AN INTERTIDAL LOCATION IS REPORTED. THE EXPERIMENT INCLUDED TREATMENTS WITH SINGLE AND SPLIT APPLICATIONS OF A MIXED N, P, AND K FERTILIZER. SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF PLANTS AND N, P, AND K CONCENTRATIONS IN PLANT TISSUES ARE PRESENTED. SURVIVAL AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION DIFFERED SIGNIFICANTLY WITH RESPECT TO ELEVATION WITH FEW PLANTS OF EITHER SPECIES SURVIVING AFTER THE FIRST WINTER BELOW 0.7 M ABOVE MEAN LOWER LOW WATER (MLLW). THE BEST GROWTH OF TUFTED HAIRGRASS TRANSPLANTS WAS IN UPPER ELEVATIONS (AVERAGE ABOUT 1.9 M ABOVE MLLW), BUT SATISFACTORY STANDS WERE OBTAINED DOWN TO ABOUT 0.9 M ABOVE MLLW. THE BEST GROWTH OF SLOUGH SEDGE WAS AT MIDDLE ELEVATIONS (ABOUT 1.1 M ABOVE MLLW) WITH SATISFACTORY GROWTH DOWN TO ABOUT 0.8 M ABOVE MLLW. DIRECT SEEDING WAS NOT A SATISFACTORY MEANS FOR ESTABLISHING THESE SPECIES, ALTHOUGH NATURAL SEEDING OF TUFTED HAIRGRASS BEGAN TO OCCUR IN THE SECOND YEAR OF THE PLANTINGS IN AREAS PROTECTED AND STABILIZED BY THE TRANSPLANTS. FERTILIZER SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED GROWTH OF TUFTED HAIRGRASS DURING BOTH GROWING SEASONS, PARTICULARLY AT THE UPPER TIER. WITH SLOUGH SEDGE, EXCEPT FOR A SLIGHT INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF CULMS, FERTILIZER HAD NO SIGNIFICANT EFFECT ON GROWTH IN EITHER YEAR. DIFFERENCES IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF SOME BOG DIATOMS: A CLUSTER ANALYSIS. 81-02 31844 BRUNO, M. G. LOWE, R. L. AM. MIDL.NAT., 104(1), 70-79 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH (SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL . LAB., DRAWER E, AIKEN, SC 29801, USA) JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-7957-4 AFFILIATION- TYPE- DIFFERENCES IN THE DISTRIBUTIONS OF DIATOMS INHABITING THE FLOATING MAT AT MUD LAKE BOG, WILLIAMS CO., OHIO, USA, WERE EXAMINED USING A CLUSTER ANALYSIS. MAT SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED ON A BIWEEKLY BASIS JUNE-NOV 1977 AT THE 3 SELECTED STUDY SITES. THIRTY-SIX OF THE 56 DIATOM SPECIES IDENTIFIED FROM THESE SAMPLES WERE USED IN SUBSEQUENT DATA ANALYSIS. THE RESULTS OF THE CLUSTERING PROGRAM CLEARLY INDICATED THAT THE DISTRIBUTION OF DIATOMS ON THE 84 ------- MUD LAKE MAT IS SITE-RELATED. FOUR DISTINCT ASSEMBLAGES, OR CLUSTERS, OF DIATOM SPECIES WERE EVIDENT: THE CAREX, SCIRPUS, SPHAGNUM-LARIX AND CAREX/SPHAGNUM-LARIX ASSEMBLAGES. MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS WAS USED TO RELATE THESE DIFFERENCES IN DISTRIBUTION TO CERTAIN PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PARAMETERS, SUCH AS TEMPERATURE, AND LEVELS OF PO 4, NO 2, NO 3. PH AND CALCIUM. THE DIFFERENCES IN DIATOM COMMUNITY COMPOSITION FROM SITE TO SITE ON THE MUD LAKE MAT ARE ATTRIBUTED PRIMARILY TO VARIATIONS IN THE LEVELS OF PH AND CALCIUM AMONG THE 3 DISTINCT SAMPLING SITES. MANAGING BOG ENVIRONMENTS FOR RECREATIONAL EXPERIENCES. 81-02 31895 HAMMITT, W. E . ENVIRON. MANAGE., 4(5), 425-431 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP FDR.. WILDL., AND FISH., UNIV TENNESSEE, KNOXVILLE, TN 37901, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-7906-A BOG VISITOR CHARACTERISTICS AND EXPERIENCE, VISUAL PREFERENCES, AND REASONS FOR VISITING ARE EVALUATED IMPLICATIONS FOR RECREATIONAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT OF BOGS INCLUDE THE LOCATION AND DESIGN OF BOARDWALK TRAILS AND MANAGEMENT OF UNDERSTORY VEGETATION TO MEET THE VISUAL PREFERENCES AND MOTIVES OF BOG VISITORS. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ENERGY BALANCE IN A MARSHY WATER-BODY ECOSYSTEM. 81-02 30270 ARABINA, I. P SHALOVENKOV. N. N. SOV. J. ECOL., 1O(6). 577-579 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (GOMEL STATE UNIV , GOMEL, BYELORUSSIA. USSR) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG RESEARCH NDN- 032-O036-4689-S ENERGY FLOW IN THE SVINOVOD RIVER. IN THE PRIPYAT RESERVATION WAS INVESTIGATED. THE LOW PHYTOPLANKTON PRODUCTIVITY WAS ATTRIBUTED TO THE LOW TRANSPARENCY OF THE WATER. HIGH ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT. COD AND ACIDITY, ALL OF WHICH LEAD TO A PREDOMINANCE OF BLUE-GREEN ALGAE. THEORETICAL ESTIMATES OF BACTERIOPLANKTON, ZOOPLANKTON AND ZOOBENTHOS PRODUCTION ARE CALCULATED. INPUT OF ALLOCHTHONOUS ORGANIC MATTER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DEPENDENCE OF THE ENERGY FLOW ON BACTERIOPLANKTON AND THE HIGHLY POLLUTED STATUS OF THIS WATER BODY WETLAND VALUES _ A NON-CONSUMPTIVE PERSPECTIVE. 81-02 30577 REIMOLD, R. 0. HARDISKY, M A. PHILLIPS. J. H. J ENVIRON. MANAGE.. 11(1). 77-85 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (COAST. RESOUR. DIV , GEORGIA DEP NAT RESDUR.. BRUNSWICK. GA 3152C. USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE. ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-4382-5 NO-ABSTRACT SUCCESSION OF ROVE-BEETLE POPULATIONS IN A EUTROPHIC HYDROSERE IN THE MOSCOW AREA. 81-02 31339 TIKHOMIROVA, A. L. SOV. J. ECOL . 10(6), 540-544 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (INST ANIM. EVOL. MORPHOL. AND ECOL., ACAD . SCI. USSR, MOSCOW, USSR) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-3620-6 POPULATIONS OF STAPHYLINIDAE INHABITING THE SOIL AND LITTER IN PLANT ASSOCIATIONS IN SUCCESSIVE STAGES OF OVERGROWTH OF EUTROPHIC BOGS IN THE OKA-TERRASNYI RESERVATION WERE STUDIED IN THE EUTROPHIC HYDRDSERE. REGULAR CHANGES ARE OBSERVED IN SPECIES COMPOSITION, BIOMASS, AND NUMBERS OF BEETLES; SEVERAL SPECIES ARE QUANTITATIVE OR QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF SEPARATE STAGES OR THEIR GROUPS: POPULATION SPECIFICITY IS SIGNIFICANT IN EARLY STAGES AND DECREASES GRADUALLY TOWARD THE CLIMAX. ------- NITROGEN NUTRITION AND SALINITY TOLERANCE OF DISTICHLIS SPICATA AND SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA 81-02 31455 SMART, R. M. BARKO, J. W. ECOLOGY, 61(3), 630-638 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (ENVIRON. LAB., WATERWAYS EXP. STN., VICKSBURG, MS 39180, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-3505-7 GROWTH OF BOTH SPECIES WAS N LIMITED ON MOST SEDIMENTS, AND P WAS CONSUMED LUXURIOUSLY ON ALL SEDIMENTS. ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS WAS CORRELATED WITH INTERSTITIAL WATER N CONCENTRATION OF THE SEDIMENTS. UNDER LOW NUTRIENT CONDITIONS RELATIVELY MORE BIOMASS WAS ALLOCATED TO BELOWGROUND RATHER THAN ABOVEGROUND PORTIONS OF THE PLANTS. ALTHOUGH THE AVAILABILITY OF N ULTIMATELY DETERMINED BIOMASS ACCRUAL, GROWTH RATE WAS AFFECTED BY THE SEDIMENT SALINITY. ANALYSIS OF PLANT TISSUES AND THE SEDIMENT INTERSTITIAL WATER AT THE END OF THE INVESTIGATION REVEALED SELECTIVE UPTAKE OF K AND EXCLUSION OF NA, INCREASING THE RATIO OF NA TO K IN THE INTERSTITIAL WATERS AND RESULTING IN INCREASED SEDIMENT SALINITIES. CHARACTERISTICS OF SCATTERED WETLANDS IN RELATION TO DUCK PRODUCTION IN SOUTHEASTERN WISCONSIN. 81-02 00509 WHEELER, W. E. MARCH, J. R. TECH. BULL., DEP NAT RESOUR., MADISON, WIS., (NO. 116), 1-61 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. NAT RESOUR., BOX D, HORICON, WI 53032, USA) TYPE- MONOGRAPHIC SERIES NDN- O32-0036-3089-9 BREEDING WATERFOWL WERE STUDIED FROM 1973 TO 1975 IN SOUTHEASTERN WISCONSIN ON THE 504 SO MILE SCATTERED WETLANDS STUDY AREA (SWSA). WATERFOWL PAIR DENSITIES, PRODUCTION, HABITAT UTILIZATION, AND FOOD HABITS WERE EXAMINED. ONLY 19% OF THE TOTAL STUDY AREA WETLANDS WERE UTILIZED BY BROODS. ALL DEEP MARSHES AND LAKES IN THE STUDY AREA WERE USED BY BROODS. POOR PRODUCTION OF DUCKLINGS AND THE DRYING OUT OF POORER GRADE WETLANDS BY THE TIME BROODS ARE HATCHED BOTH CONTRIBUTE TO THE LACK OF DUCKLINGS ON STUDY AREA WETLANDS. A LOSS OF 9% IN WETLAND ACREAGE OCCURRED DURING THE 3-YR STUDY. NET SAMPLE ESTIMATES OF TOTAL BIOMASS OF THOSE AVAILABLE INVERTEBRATES MOST HEAVILY UTILIZED, INDICATED THAT THE LAKES HAD THE HIGHEST AVAILABLE BIOMASS. DEEP MARSHES, ALSO CONSIDERED EXCELLENT PAIR AND BROOD WATERS, WERE 1ST IN BIOMASS FOR BOTTOM-ASSOCIATED INVERTEBRATES BUT RANKED ONLY 7TH IN BIOMASS OF THE MOST HEAVILY UTILIZED INVERTEBRATES SAMPLED FROM THE SURFACE. FERTILITY AND FOOD RESOURCES APPEARED ADEQUATE ON ALL AREAS STUDIED. THE YEARLY FLUCTUATIONS IN PRECIPITATION AND THE RESULTING PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF WATER WAS APPARENTLY THE MAJOR FACTOR IN DETERMINING WHICH AREAS WOULD BE UTILIZED BY PAIRS AND BROODS. MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS FOR SCATTERED WETLANDS SHOULD CONCENTRATE ON INCREASING PERMANENT BROOD WATER ON MARGINAL WETLANDS AND ADDING SECURE NESTING COVER TO INCREASE PRODUCTION OF PRESENT BREEDING PAIR POPULATIONS. DRILLING PREDATION IN A POPULATION OF THE EDIBLE BIVALVE ANADARA GRANOSA (ARCIDAE). 81-02 26150 VERMEIJ, G. J. NAUTILUS, 94(3), 123-125 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. ZOOL., UNIV. MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK, MD 20742, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-2844-5 DRILLING BY THE MURICID BEDEVA BLOSVILLEI ACCOUNTS FOR 88% OF THE MORTALITY OF A. GRANOSA AT DODINGA BAY, HALMAHERA, INDONESIA. THE HIGH INCIDENCE IS ASSOCIATED WITH A LARGE NUMBER OF INCOMPLETE DRILL-HOLES ( 32 PER INDIVIDUAL). RIGHT VALVES ARE ATTACKED SIGNIFICANTLY MORE OFTEN THAN LEFT VALVES. THERE IS NO DIFFERENCE IN PLACEMENT OF COMPLETE AND INCOMPLETE HOLES ON THE VALVES. 86 ------- EFFECTS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER, SHADE, AND THE REMOVAL OF NEW GROWTH ON LONGEVITY OF OVERWINTERING BOG ERICAD LEAVES. 81-02 28880 READER, R. J. CAN. J. BOT , 58(16), 1737-1743 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (DEP. BOT AND GENET , UNIV. GUELPH, GUELPH, ONT. N1G 2W1, CANADA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0036-0213-0 BOG ERICADS, SUCH AS LABRADOR TEA ( LEDUM GROENLANDICUM ), BOG LAUREL ( KALMIA POLIFOLIA ), AND LEATHERLEAF ( CHAMAEDAPHNE CALYCULATA ), RETAIN INDIVIDUAL LEAVES FOR 2 GROWING SEASONS IN SOUTHERN ONTARIO, PRESUMABLY TO FACILITATE NUTRIENT MOVEMENT BETWEEN OVELAPPING LEAF COHORTS. THE OBJECTIVE OF THIS STUDY WAS TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY, SHADE, AND THE REMOVAL OF NEW GROWTH ON THE LONGEVITY OF LEAVES DURING THEIR SECOND GROWING SEASON. LONGEVITY WAS EXTENDED SIGNIFICANTLY BY REMOVING NEW GROWTH, BUT NOT BY SHADING LEAVES. THE ADDITION OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER INCREASED ONLY C. CALYCULATA LONGEVITY INTERSPECIFIC VARIATION IN TREATMENT EFFECTS APPEARED TO BE RELATED TO THE POSITIONS OCCUPIED BY THE 3 SPECIES ON ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS. NONE OF THE EXPERIMENTALLY TREATED LEAVES SURVIVED PAST THE END OF THEIR SECOND GROWING SEASON, WITH THE MAGNITUDE OF TREATMENT EFFECTS RANGING FROM A REDUCTION IN LONGEVITY OF 10 DAYS TO AN INCREASE OF 25 DAYS. PREDICTING EFFECTS OF AN ELECTRIC GENERATING STATION ON WETLAND PASSERINE BIRDS: WISCONSIN POWER PLANT IMPACT STUDY 81-01 00456 JAEGER, M. J. ECOL. REP. SER., EPA-600/3-80-020, 33 PP (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (INST. ENVIRON. STUD., UNIV. WISCONSIN, MADISON, WI 53706, USA) TYPE- MONOGRAPHIC SERIES NDN- 032-0035-8477-5 THE DISTRIBUTION OF BREEDING PASSERINES WAS INVESTIGATED IN A WETLAND IN SOUTHERN WISCONSIN TO DEVELOP A MODEL FOR USE IN PREDICTING CHANGES IN BIRD FREQUENCIES RESULTING FROM ENVIRONMENTAL ALTERATIONS. THE MODEL USES INFORMATION ON DISTRIBUTIONS OF BIRD SPECIES ALONG GRADIENTS OF WATER DEPTH AND VEGETATION-STRUCTURE CHARACTERISTICS AND INFORMATION ON THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE CHARACTERISTICS TO PREDICT CHANGES IN BIRD SPECIES' FREQUENCIES RESULTING FROM INCREASED WATER LEVELS. THE RESULTING PREDICTIONS ARE: (1) THE LONG-BILLED MARSH WREN SHOULD INCREASE IN FREQUENCY; AND (2) THE SWAMP SPARROW, COMMON YELLOWTHROAT, AND YELLOW WARBLER SHOULD DECREASE IN FREQUENCY (THE MOSQUITOES OF QUEBEC. AN ECOLOGICAL SYNTHESIS) MAIRE, A. AUBIN, A. 81-01 23743 MEM. SOC. ENTOMOL. QUE., 6, 1-107 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (GROUPE RECHERCHE SUR LES INSECTES PIQUERS, UNIV. QUEBEC, CP 500, TROIS RIVIERES, G9A 5H7 QUE., CANADA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0035-5397-0 FIFTY-TWO CULICIDAE SPP ARE NOW KNOWN FROM THE QUEBEC-LABRADOR PENINSULA. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE LARVAL POPULATIONS OF EACH SPECIES AND THEIR HABITATS, FOR EACH BIOCLIMATIC ZONE OF THE PENINSULA; TEMPERATE, BOREAL, SUBARCTIC, HEMIARCTIC AND ARCTIC ARE NOTED. AN ECOLOGICAL METHOD WAS USED TO OUTLINE HOMOGENEOUS ECOLOGICAL UNITS CHARACTERIZED BY VEGETATIONAL UNITS AND ASSOCIATED LARVAL COMMUNITIES. CULICIDAE BIONOMICS IN QUEBEC, ALONG WITH A MONOGRAPH AND A DISTRIBUTIONAL MAP FOR EACH SPECIES ARE DEALT WITH. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY IMPORTANCE OF SOME SPECIES ARE ALSO DISCUSSED. A SYNTHETIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF CULICIDAE ECOLOGY IS PROPOSED. 87 ------- WHAT MIRE TYPES SHOULD BE PROTECTED IN FINLAND? 81-01 01013 SALMINEN, P LUONNON TUTKIJA, 84(3), 122-124 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- FINNISH AFFILIATION- (MINIS! AGRIC. AND FOR., BUR. NAT. RESOUR., HALLITUSKATU 3 A, SF-00170 HELSINKI 17, FINLAND) TYPE- JOURNAL AR!ICLE : REVIEW NDN- 032-0035-4381-8 A REVIEW. PA!!ERNS AND DIVERSITY OF AQUATIC MACROPHYTES IN TASIK BERA. 81-01 20356 CHUA, T H. FONG, F W. MALAYAN NAT J., 33(1), 11-24 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. ZOOL. , UNIV. MALAYA, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYA) TYPE- JOURNAL AR!ICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-O035-3130-8 THE MAJOR FAMILY RECORDED WAS CYPERACEAE, WHILE THE MORE COMMON SPECIES WERE, IN TERMS OF BOTH PERCENTAGE FREQUENCY AND NUMBER RECORDED, LEPIRONIA ARTICULATA, ELEOCHARIS OCHROSTACHYS, FUIRENA UMBELLATA, SCLERIA TERRISTRIS (ALL CYPERACEAE), PANDANUS HELICOPUS (PANDANACEAE) AND UTRICULARIA FLEXUOSA (LENTIBULARIACEAE). PATTERN ANALYSIS SHOWED THA! PANDANUS AND ELEDCHARIS HAVE CLUMPINGS OF INDIVIDUALS AT BLOCK SIZE 16 M, LEPIRONIA AT BLOCK SIZE 32 M WHILE UTRICULARIA HAD AN INDETERMINATE PATTERN. THE CLUMPINGS WERE ATTRIBUTED TO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. COVARIANCE ANALYSIS INDICATED THAT LEPIRONIA IS NEGATIVELY ASSOCIATED WITH BOTH PANDANUS AND ELEOCHARIS THE FLORAL DIVERSITY (SHANNON-WEAVER'S H') WAS FOUND TO BE UNRELATED TO THE WATER DEPTH, TEMPERATURE, PH AND DISSOLVED OXYGEN. ACIDITY FLUCTUATIONS AT A BROADLAND SITE IN NORFOLK. 81-01 21194 GOSLING, L. M. BAKER, S. J. J. APPL. ECOL., 17(2), 479-490 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (COYPU RES. LAB., MAFF, JUPITER RD . , NORWICH, NORFOLK, UK) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0035-2292-7 IN NOV 1970 THE ACIDITY OF CAL!HORPE BROAD IN NORFOLK, AND SOME ADJACENT DITCHES, CHANGED ABRUPTLY FROM NEAR-NEUTRALITY TO JUST ABOVE PH 3. THE ENTIRE FISH COMMUNITY OF THE BROAD PERISHED AS DID FRESHWATER MUSSELS AND MOST AQUATIC MACRDPHYTES. THERE WAS A SPECTACULAR INVASION BY THE ACIDOPHILOUS ALGA TRIBONEMA MINUS . AFTER A PERIOD OF ACUTE ACIDITY THE PH OF FREE WATER RETURNED TO NEUTRALITY BUT SIMILAR FLUCTUATIONS OCCURRED IN MOST YEARS BETWEEN 1971 AND 1979. THESE EVENTS WERE PARALLELED BY IMPROVED DRAINAGE IN SURROUNDING FARMLAND THAT LEFT A PERCHED WATER TABLE IN THE AREA AROUND THE BROAD. THIS SITUATION WAS MAINTAINED BY DAMS DURING THE WINTER BUT EVAPORATION AND SEEPAGE CAUSED EXTREME FALLS IN WATER LEVELS DURING THE SUMMER. AS A CONSEQUENCE, SOIL, WHICH WAS SHOWN TO BE RICH IN PYRITES, WAS SUBJECTED TO ALTERNATE DRYING AND SATURATION. IN AGRICULTURAL CONTEXTS THESE CONDITIONS ARE KNOWN TO LEAD TO THE OXIDATION OF PYRITE AND THE FORMATION OF SULPHURIC ACID. TREATMENT BY THE ADDITION OF LIME IN 1978 WAS SUCCESSFUL IN MAINTAINING NEUTRAL WATER IN THE BROAD ALTHOUGH THE ACIDITY OF THE WATER IN NEARBY DITCHES CONTINUD TO FLUCTUATE. A NUMBER OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS RECOLONIZED THE BROAD IN A FASHION CONSISTENT WITH THEIR DISPERSAL MECHANISMS. THE DAILY AND SEASONAL COURSE OF EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FROM A CENTRAL EUROPEAN SEDGE-GRASS MARSH. 80-12 16655 PRIBAN, K. ONDOK, J. P J. ECOL., 68(2), 547-559 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. HYDROBOT., INST EOT , CZECHOSLOVAK ACAD . SCI., TREBON, CZECHOSLOVAKIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0034-5875-2 EVAPOTRANSPIRATION FROM A MARSHY MEADOW IN SOUTHERN BOHEMIA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA, WAS DETERMINED FROM APRIL-NOV 1977, BY MEASURING WATER LOSSES FRM A TANK 88 ------- INSTALLED WITHIN THE AREA AND PLANTED WITH THE LOCAL VEGETATION. SIMULTANEOUSLY, HEAT BALANCE COMPONENTS WERE CALCULATED BY THE BOWEN-RATIO METHOD FROM CLIMATIC DATA RECORDED AT HOURLY INTERVALS ON EACH DAY DURING THE MEASUREMENT PERIOD. THE DAILY, WEEKLY AND MONTHLY COURSE OF THE HEAT-BALANCE COMPONENTS AND THEIR TOTALS ARE GIVEN. MEAN DAILY EVAPOTRANSPIRATION DURING THE PERIOD OF MEASUREMENT WAS 2.6 MM, AND THE MAXIMUM DAILY VALUE IN SUMMER WAS 6.5 MM. PLANT COMMUNITIES OF RICH-FEN SYSTEMS IN ENGLAND AND WALES. II. COMMUNITIES OF CALCAREOUS MIRES. 80-12 16656 WHEELER, B. D. J. ECOL., 68(2), 405-420 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH (DEP EOT., THE UNIVERSITY, SHEFFIELD S10 2TN, UK) ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0034-5874-A AFFILIATION- TYPE- JOURNAL A FLORISTIC CLASSIFICATION IS PRESENTED OF THE SPECIES-RICH PLANT COMMUNITIES OF CALCAREOUS MIRE (CARICION DAVALLIANAE) THREE MAIN SYNTAXA (ASSOCIATIONS) ARE RECOGNIZED. THE SCHOENO-JUNCETUM SUBMODULOSI IS A WIDESPREAD, THOUGH INFREQUENT, COMMUNITY OF LOWLAND SPRING FENS AND VALLEY FENS (MAINLY BELOW 100 M O.D.), MAINLY IN THE SOUTH OF BRITAIN. THE PINGUICULO-CARICETUM DIOICAE IS A WIDESPREAD COMMUNITY OF SPRING FENS WHICH IS FOUND MAINLY IN NORTHERN ENGLAND IN CALCAREOUS UPLAND AND LOWLAND SITUATIONS. THE ACROCLADIO-CARICETUM DIANDRAE OCCURS IN TOPOGENOUS CALCAREOUS FENS; IT HAS A WIDE DISTRIBUTION IN ENGLAND AND WALES, BUT MOST EXAMPLES OCCUR IN THE NORTH, AND ALTHOUGH PREDOMINANTLY A COMMUNITY OF THE LOWLANDS IT IS ALSO KNOWN FROM SOME MORE UPLAND SITES (UP TO 370 M O.D.) BRIEF DISCUSSION IS MADE OF SOME OF THE FACTORS THAT MAY BE IMPORTANT IN DETERMINING THE COMPOSITION OF CALCAREOUS MIRE COMMUNITIES. IT IS SUGGESTED THAT MOST OF THESE COMMUNITIES ARE PROBABLY DEVELOPED IN COMPARATIVELY INFERTILE AND UNPRODUCTIVE HABITATS WHERE NUTRIENTS SUCH AS PHOSPHORUS ARE ONLY SPARINGLY AVAILABLE. PLANT COMMUNITIES OF RICH-FEN SYSTEMS IN ENGLAND AND WALES. TALL SEDGE AND REED COMMUNITIES. 80-12 16657 WHEELER, B. D. J. ECOL., 68(2), 365-395 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH (DEP EOT., THE UNIVERSITY, SHEFFIELD S10 2TN, UK) ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0034-5873-5 I. INTRODUCTION, AFFILIATION- TYPE- JOURNAL FLORISTIC DATA COLLECTED FROM 298 PREDOMINANTLY LOWLAND RICH-FEN SYSTEMS WERE CLASSIFIED USING METHODS OF CLUSTER ANALYSIS, TOGETHER WITH A COMPUTERIZED ROUTINE OF TRADITIONAL TABULAR SORTING. THE UNITS GENERATED BY THE ANALYSES WERE INCORPORATED INTO A HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION. RESULTS ARE PRESENTED FOR THE TALLREED AND SEDGE COMMUNITIES (PHRAGMITION AND MAGNOCARICION) OF RICH FENS. 9 MAINSYNTAXA (ASSOCIATIONS) ARE RECOGNIZED. ALSO INCLUDED ARE SOME SPECIES-POOR COMMUNITIES EFFECTIVELY DEFINED ONLY BY THE DOMINANT SPECIES. SOME OF THE FACTORS WHICH MAY BE INSTRUMENTAL IN DETERMINING THE COMPOSITION OF RICH-FEN COMMUNITIES ARE DISCUSSED. THE IMPORTANCE OF MANAGEMENT REGIME AND NUTRIENT SUPPLY IN INFLUENCING SPECIES-DIVERSITY IS EMPHASIZED. ALGAL MAT PRODUCTIVITY- COMPARISONS IN A SALT MARSH. 80-12 11493 ZEDLER, J. B. ESTUARIES, 3(2), 122-131 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. BIOL., SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV., SAN DIEGO, CA 92182, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0034-4629-6 THE ROLE OF SALT MARSH ALGAL MATS IN THE PRODUCTIVITY OF A SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA TIDAL WETLAND IS DISCUSSED. THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE MATS, WHICH ARE COMPOSED OF FILAMENTOUS BLUE-GREEN AND GREEN ALGAE AND DIATOMS, VARIES BOTH TEMPORALLY AND SPATIALLY IN RELATION TO TIDAL INUNDATION AND OVERSTORY VEGETATION. THE ESTIMATES OF NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY (NPP) WERE HIGHEST UNDER THE CANOPY OF JAUMEA CARNOSA AT LOW ELEVATION. ELSEWHERE, NPP APPEARED TO BE LIMITED BY LOW LIGHT AND DESICCATION. ALGAL NPP WAS FROM 0 8 TO 1.4 TIMES THAT OF THE VASCULAR PLANT OVERSTORY NPP IT IS HYPOTHESIZED THAT THE ARID ENVIRONMENT OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AND RESULTING HYPERSALINE 89 ------- SOILS REDUCE VASCULAR PLANT COVER, WHICH LEADS TO HIGH ALGAL PRODUCTIVITY (IRON AS A LOCAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR IN MARSHY ALDER WOODS) 80-11 07545 JANIESCH, P IN- VERHANDLUNGEN GESELLSCHAFT FUR OKOLOGIE. 1979. 7, 403-406 LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN, ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (INST. ANGEWANDTE EOT. UNIV., HINDENBURGPLATZ 55, D-4400 MUNSTER, GFR) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0034-0126-9 THE EDAPHIC CONDITIONS OF 2 DIFFERENT HABITATS OF THE RIBO SYLVESTRIS-ALNETUM WERE INVESTIGATED. THE CONTENTS OF SOLUBLE IRON IN THE SOILS WERE DETERMINED. THE GROWTH OF 3 CAREX -SPECIES WAS STIMULATED BY IRON (FE 2 + ). THE GROWTH OF NON TOLERANT SPECIES WAS REDUCED EVEN BY LOW FE 2 + CONCENTRATIONS. IRON IS THEREFORE AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN THESE COMMUNITIES. QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF TIDAL WETLANDS USING REMOTE SENSING. 80-11 08230 BARTLETT, D. S. KLEMAS, V ENVIRON. MANAGE., 4(4), 337-345 (198O) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (MARINE ENVIRON. BRANCH, MAIL STOP 272, NASA-LANGLEY RES. CENT , HAMPTON, VA 23665, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0033-9441-0 RESEARCH IN THE TIDAL WETLANDS OF DELAWARE AND ELSEWHERE HAS SHOWN THAT SPECTRAL CANOPY REFLECTANCE PROPERTIES CAN BE QUANTITATIVELY RELATED TO THE EMERGENT GREEN BIOMASS OF SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA THROUGHOUT THE PEAK GROWING SEASON. PERIODIC MEASUREMENTS OF THIS PARAMETER COULD BE APPLIED TO CALCULATIONS OF NET AERIAL PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY FOR LARGE AREAS OF S. ALTERNIFLORA MARSH IN WHICH CONVENTIONAL HARVEST TECHNIQUES MAY BE PROHIBITIVELY TIME CONSUMING. THE METHOD IS SPECIES SPECIFIC AND, THEREFORE, REQUIRES ACCURATE DISCRIMINATION OF S. ALTERNIFLORA FROM OTHER VEGETATION TYPES. OBSERVED SEASONAL CHANGES IN SPECIES SPECTRAL SIGNATURES ARE SHOWN TO HAVE POTENTIAL FOR IMPROVING MULTISPECTRAL CATEGORIZATION OF TIDAL WETLAND VEGETATION TYPES. MODELING HYDROLOGY AND EUTROPHICATION IN A LOUISIANA SWAMP FOREST ECOSYSTEM. 80-11 08231 HOPKINSON, C. S. , JR. DAY, J. W. , JR. ENVIRON. MANAGE., 4(4), 325-335 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (UNIV. GEORGIA MARINE INST., SAPELO ISLAND, GA 31327. USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0033-9440-0 THE EPA STORM WATER MANAGEMENT MODEL (1971) WAS USED TO MODEL HYDRODYNAMICS, NUTRIENT DYNAMICS, AND EUTROPHICATION IN A LOUISIANA SWAMP FOREST ECOSYSTEM. THE PRESENT SYSTEM OF CANALS AND SPOIL BANKS IN THE SWAMP CAUSES IMPOUNDMENT OF SWAMP AREAS AND DOES NOT OPTIMIZE DISCHARGE FROM THE SWAMP FOREST SIMULATIONS SHOWED THAT HYDRAULICS COULD BE MANAGED TO INCREASE DISCHARGE RATES TO THE LOWER ESTUARY (22%), TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE SWAMP FOREST (100%) AND TO DECREASE LAKE EUTROPHICATION (43%). THIS COULD BE DONE BY REMOVING SPOIL BANKS IN THE SWAMP AND ALLOWING UPLAND RUNOFF TO PASS THROUGH THE BACKSWAMP 90 ------- MODELING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEVELOPMENT AND STORM WATER AND NUTRIENT RUNOFF 80-11 08232 HOPKINSON, C. S. , JR. DAY, J. W. , JR. ENVIRON. MANAGE., 4(4), 315-324 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (UNIV. GEORGIA MARINE INST , SAPELO ISLAND, GA 31327, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0033-9439-4 THE EPA STORM WATER MANAGEMENT MODEL WAS USED TO MODEL THE EFFECTS OF URBAN AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT ON STORM WATER RUNOFF FROM UPLANDS BORDERING A LOUISIANA SWAMP FOREST. THE EFFECTS OF CHANGING LAND USE PATTERNS WERE EXAMINED. BY 1995 IT IS PROJECTED THAT URBAN LAND ON THE UPLANDS BORDERING THE SWAMP WILL INCREASE BY 321%, PRIMARILY AT THE EXPENSE OF LAND CURRENTLY IN AGRICULTURE. SIMULATION RESULTS INDICATE THAT URBANIZATION WILL CAUSE STORM WATER RUNOFF RATES TO BE UP TO 4.2 X GREATER IN 1995 THAN IN 1975. NUTRIENT RUNOFF WILL INCREASE 28% FOR N AND 16% FOR P DURING THE SAME PERIOD. THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF THESE CHANGES IN THE RECEIVING SWAMP FOREST ARE EXAMINED. CHANGES IN SOIL CHARACTERISTICS AFTER THE FIXATION OF NEOREGELIA CRUENTA (R. GRAN) L. SMITH (BROMELIACEAE ) , IN A 'RESTINGA' ECOSYSTEM. 80-11 08242 HAY, J. D. LACERDA, L. D CIENC. CULT , 32(7), 863-867 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, PORTUGUESE AFFILIATION- (DEP. ECOL., INST. BIOL., UNIV FED. RIO DE JANEIRO, ILHA DO FUNDAO, RIO DE JANEIRO) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0033-9429-5 COMPARISON OF SOIL SAMPLES TAKEN UNDER THIS BROMELIAD AND IN NEARBY OPEN AREAS SHOWED THAT THE BROMELIAD INCREASED SOIL ORGANIC MATTER (1.15 VS 0.39%) AND CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY (3.96 VS 0.77 MEO/100 G SOIL); BUT HAD NO EFFECT ON SOIL PH (5 3 VS 5.4) THE IMPORTANCE OF THESE FACTORS ON ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION IN RESTINGA ECOSYSTEMS IS DISCUSSED. THE IMPORTANCE AND STATUS OF THE PEATLANDS IN POLAND AND THE TRENDS IN THEIR PROTECTION. 80-11 00592 JASNOWSKI, M. IN: PROTECTION AND FORMATION OF ENVIRONMENT VOL. 1. / OCHRONA I KSZTALTOWANIE SRODOWISKA PRZYRODNICZEGD. TOM 1 ZBIOROWE.D. (ED.) PUBL. BY POLSKA AKAD. NAUK; KRAKOW, POLAND. 1978 P. 279-316 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, POLISH, RUSSIAN AFFILIATION- (ACAD. AGRIC., INST. ECOL. AND ENVIRON CONSERV., SZCZECIN, POLAND) TYPE- BOOK : CHAPTER NDN- 032-0033-6289-0 THERE ARE >49000 AREAS OF PEATLAND IN POLAND COVERING >1278000 HA. ALL TYPES CHARACTERISTIC OF CENTRAL EUROPE OCCUR INCLUDING EUTROPHIC FENS (89%), RAISED BOGS (6.5%), TRANSITION PEATBOGS (4.5%), CARBONATE PEATLANDS, SPRING MIRES AND SALT MARSHES. THEIR STATUS AS A VALUABLE NATURAL RESOURCE IS RECOGNISED. HOWEVER, AT PRESENT 82% ARE SUBJECT TO MANAGEMENT AND THERE IS A DANGER THAT NATURAL PEATBOGS WILL DISAPPEAR IN POLAND BEFORE THE END OF THE 20TH CENTURY MAN'S IMPACT ON PEATLAND ECOSYSTEMS IS EXAMINED, INCLUDING THE IRREVERSIBLE EFFECTS OF DRAINAGE. TWO PROTECTION MEASURES: COUNTERACTING UNSUITABLE MANAGEMENT; AND THE FORMATION OF NATURE RESERVES AND THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE BIEBRZA NATIONAL PARK, ARE DISCUSSED. 91 ------- ESTUARINE AND WETLAND PROCESSES. HAMILTON, P MACDONALD, K. B. 80-11 00043 MAR. SCI . CHANDOS RD., USA. 653 PP TYPE- BOOK : NO-ABSTRACT 11 PUBL BY- PLENUM PUBL . CO. LTD.; BLACK ARROW HOUSE, 2 LONDON NW10 6NR, UK AND 227 WEST 17TH ST., NEW YORK, NY 10011 ISBN 0-306-40452-4. AT US S69.00. LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH : EDITED COLLECTION NDN- 032-0033-4296-5 SCHOENUS VEGETATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS IN SOUTH AND SOUTHEAST SWEDEN. 80-11 04641 TYLER, C. VEGETATIO, 41(3), 155-170 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP PLANT ECOL., UNIV. LUND, OSTRA VALLGATAN 14, S-223 61 LUND, SWEDEN) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- O32-0033-3622-3 THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE SCHOENUS PHYTOCOENA AND THEIR SITE CONDITIONS ARE ELUCIDATED BY STAND AND SPECIES ORDINATIONS (ORDINA, RA) AND BY COMPARISONS OF ORDINATIONS OF ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES ALONE AND ORDINATION OF THE COMBINED ENVIRONMENTAL AND SPECIES VARIABLES (RA). CORRELATIONS BETWEEN THE ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES SHOW THAT THEY MAY BE GATHERED INTO 2 CONTRASTING GROUPS, THE CARBON AND THE CARBONATE GROUPINGS, RESPECTIVELY. THIS FIRST DIRECTION OF VARIATION IS RELATED TO HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS CAUSING THE DIFFERENCES IN THICKNESS OF ORGANIC SOILS, CONTENT OF ORGANIC CARBON AND DRY WEIGHT OF INTACT SOIL PER UNIT VOLUME. THE SECOND DIRECTION OF VARIATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH A NUTRIENT FACTOR COMPLEX, IN THIS STUDY REPRESENTED BY AVAILABLE PHOSPHATE. EACH PHYTOCOENON IS CHARACTERIZED AND DISTINGUISHED BY TYPICAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS. ECOLOGY OF A SUBARCTIC MIRE. SONESSON, M. 80-10 01443 ECOL. BULL., 30, EDITORIAL SERVICE NFR; BOX 23136, S-1O4 35 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. 1980 315 PP ISBN-91-546-0275-0 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- MONOGRAPHIC SERIES NDN- 032-0032-7261-A THE PAPERS IN THIS VOLUME DEAL WITH THE STRUCTURE AND PROCESSES OF A MIRE ECOSYSTEM UNDER EXTREME ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS. THE MIRE IS SITUATED NEAR ABISKO, NORTH SWEDEN, AND REPRESENTS A TYPE OF TUNDRA ON PERMAFROST CHARACTERISTIC OF THE SUBARCTIC PARTS OF FENNOSCANDIA. IT WAS THEREFORE CHOSEN AS ONE OF THE SITES FOR THE ECOLOGICAL TUNDRA INVESTIGATIONS OF THE IBP PAPERS ARE CITED INDIVIDUALLY COMMUNITIES OF THE ASSOCIATION CARICION DAVALLIANAE KLIKA 1934 IN THE LIPTOV BASIN. 80-1O 15421 RUZICKOVA, H. BIOLOGIA, 35(4), 275-284 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- CZECH, ENGLISH, RUSSIAN AFFILIATION- (INST. EXP. BIOL. AND ECOL. SAV, OBRANCOV MIERU 3, 801 00 BRATISLAVA, CZECHOSLOVAKIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0032-2730-2 IN THE LIPTOV BASIN (480-1000 M ABOVE SEA LEVEL) WATERS RICH IN MINERALS SUPPORT HEALTHY VEGETATION MOSTLY BELONGING TO THE ASSOCIATION CARICION DAVALLIANDE. THE VALERIANO SIMPLICIFOLIAE-CARICETUM DAVALLIANAE COMMUNITY IS NUMEROUS ON SLOPING SPRING AREAS AND ALLUVIA OF BROOKS. IT COMPRISES 3 SUBASSOCIATIONS, NAMELY TYPICUM AT RATHER EUTROPHIC LOCALITIES, CARICETOSUM HOSTIANAE ON SOILS WITH RATHER HIGH BASE CONTENT AND SCHOENOPLECTETOSUM AT LOCALITIES NEAR MINERAL SPRINGS. IN THIS ASSOCIATION THE STANDS ARE ALSO CLASSIFIED WITH A PREDOMINANCE OF THE SPECIES OF THE ASSOCIATION CARICION DAVALLIANAE AND ABSENCE OF SPECIES OF THE ASSOCIATIONS MAGNOCARICION AND CARICION FUSCAE. THEY GROW IN MOIST LOCALITIES, OFTEN WITH FLOWING SURFACE WATER. THESE COMMUNITIES ARE ENDANGERED BY MELIORATIONS AND EUTROPHICATION. 92 ------- THE SWEDISH IBP 80-10 04527 SONESSON, M. JONSSON, S. ROSSWALL, T RYDEN, B. E. ECOL. BULL., 30, 7-25 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (ABISKO SCI. RES. STN., R. SWEDISH ACAD . SCI., S-980 24 ABISKO, SWEDEN) TYPE- BOOK : CHAPTER NDN- 032-0032-1873-9 THE SWEDISH IBP/PT TUNDRA BIOME PROJECT (1970-1974) FORMED PART OF AN INTERNATIONAL ECOLOGICAL EFFORT THAT INVOLVED 11 COUNTRIES AND AIMED AT OBTAINING BASIC INFORMATION ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE TUNDRA AREAS OF THE WORLD. THE PROJECT WAS DESIGNED ACCORDING TO A JOINT RESEARCH PROGRAMME FOR STUDYING THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF TUNDRA ECOSYSTEMS. IT WAS CARRIED OUT ,ON A SUBARCTIC OMBROTROPHIC MIRE ON PERMAFROST AT STORDALEN NEAR ABISKO, NORTHERN SWEDEN (68 21'N; 190 05'E). THE INVESTIGATIONS WERE INTERDISCIPLINARY, AND RESEARCHERS FROM ALL THE SWEDISH UNIVERSITIES AND THE SWEDISH COLLEGES OF FORESTRY AND AGRICULTURE TOOK PART DESTRUCTIVE SAMPLING IN THE SITE WAS CARRIED OUT ACCORDING TO A STATISTICAL 2-STAGE SAMPLING PLAN WITH FOUR 50 X 50 M BLOCKS, EACH CONTAINING TWENTY-FIVE 5 X 5 M SQUARES. A FIFTH BLOCK CONSTITUTED THE SAMPLING AREA FOR CLIMATIC AND OTHER ABIOTIC VARIABLES . (FORMATION OF THE CAMARGUE AND HISTORY OF ITS HOLOCENE VEGETATION). 80-10 04626 PONS, A. TONI, C. TRIAT, H. TERRE ET LA VIE, SUPPL. 2(1979), 13-29 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (LAB. EOT HIST ET PALYNOL., FAC. SCI. ET TECH. SAINT-JEROME, 13397 MARSEILLE CEDEX 4, FRANCE) TYPE- BOOK CHAPTER NDN- 032-0032-1774-3 THE HISTORY AND PAST VEGETATION OF THE CAMARGUE DURING THE LAST 11,000 YR HAVE BEEN RECONSTRUCTED ON THE BASIS OF THE POLLEN ANALYSIS OF CORES FROM 2 BORE HOLES, ONE 12 M DEEP IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE DELTA, AND ANOTHER 13 M DEEP IN NORTHERN CAMARGUE. THE HOLOCENE HISTORY OF THE DELTA IS WELL IN AGREEMENT WITH THAT OF THE SURROUNDING AREAS. THE EDAPHIC VEGETATION HAS NEVER COMPLETELY COVERED WHAT NOW CONSTITUTES THE CAMARGUE. THE POLLEN ANALYSIS INDICATES THAT FROM 5300 BP, THE PRESENT ALLUVIAL FLAT LANDSCAPE WAS ALMOST COMPLETELY SETTLED BY MAN. IT ALSO SHOWS THAT SALT PRODUCTION AND AGRICULTURE WERE PRACTICED SIMULTANEOUSLY IN THE MOST RECENT PHASES OF THE HISTORY OF THE DELTA. THE SEQUENCE OF ONLAPS AND OFFLAPS SINCE THE FLANDRIAN EPOCH IS SHOWN ON A SERIES OF MAPS AND DIAGRAMS. (SOCIO-ECONOMIC HISTORY OF THE CAMARGUE) 80-10 04627 PICON, B. TERRE ET LA VIE, SUPPL. 2(1979), 31-48 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (LAB. ECON. ET SOCIOL. DU TRAVAIL, C.N.R.S., AIX-EN-PROVENCE, FRANCE) TYPE- BOOK CHAPTER NDN- 032-0032-1773-6 FOLLOWING THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE (WINE AND RICE PRODUCTION) IN THE 'UPPER' AREAS OF THE CAMARGUE, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF SALT-PANS IN THE 'LOWER' AREAS OF THE DELTA DURING THE 19TH CENTURY, A BUFFER-ZONE OF BRACKISH LAGOONS WAS ESTABLISHED BETWEEN THESE 2 AREAS SUBJECTED TO DIFFERENT (IF NOT ANTAGONISTIC) LAND-USE POLICIES. THE FIRST FRENCH NATURE RESERVE WAS PRIVATELY SET UP IN 1928 IN THIS CENTRAL PART OF THE CAMARGUE, CONSIDERED AT FIRST AS AN UNPRODUCTIVE ZONE WHICH COULD WELL BE LEFT TO THE CARE OF NATURALISTS. HOWEVER, FOLLOWING THE GROWING PUBLIC INTEREST IN OUTDOOR RECREATION, NATURE AND WILDLIFE, FORMER MARGINAL AREAS ARE NOW INCREASINGLY CONSIDERED AS VALUABLE ASSETS FOR THE FUTURE. THE FORMER NATURAL HISTORY RESERVE HAS THUS BECAME A NATIONAL NATURE RESERVE, AND MANY LARGE ESTATES ARE NOW MOSTLY USED FOR UPPERCLASS RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES (MOSTLY HUNTING) A COMPLETE REVERSAL OF VALUES HAS NOW TAKEN PLACE TO SATISFY THE NEED OF CROWDED URBANITES FOR 'FREE' SPACE AND 'VIRGIN' GROUNDS. THIS NEW INTEREST IN WHAT WAS FORMERLY UNPRODUCTIVE GROUND, AND THE CONFLICTING INTERESTS BETWEEN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES, MIGHT WELL GIVE RISE TO SOCIAL CONFLICTS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL IN THE NEAR FUTURE . 93 ------- (ANIMAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE) 80-10 04631 BIGOT, L. POINSOT BALAGUER, N. CHAMPEAU, A. BONNET, L. TERRE ET LA VIE, SUPPL. 2(1979), 129-172 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (LAB. BIOL. ANIM., FAC. SCI. ET TECH. SAINT-JEROME, RUE HENRI-POINCARE, 13397 MARSEILLE CEDEX 4, FRANCE) TYPE- BOOK : CHAPTER NDN- 032-0032-1769-7 THE STUDY OF THE 'SANSOUIRE' COMMUNITY WAS LIMITED TO A FEW GROUPS OF PROTISTA (TESTACEA) AND INVERTEBRATES (MOSTLY COLLEMBOLA, COLEOPTERA AND SOME CRUSTACEA). THE STUDY OF 84 SOIL SAMPLES SHOWS A RELATIVELY POOR BUT COSMOPOLITAN TESTACEAN FAUNA (10 SPECIES). SPECIES DIVERSITY IS MINIMAL IN SALINE SOILS, AND COMMUNITY STRUCTURE DOES NOT SEEM TO HAVE REACHED A CLIMAX STAGE. SOIL SALINITY AND SOIL MOISTURE ARE APPARENTLY THE 2 MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS; SOME SPECIES HOWEVER ARE RESTRICTED TO CERTAIN PLANT COMMUNITIES. THE AREAS NOT SUBJECT TO SEASONAL FLOODING HARBOUR THE GREATEST NUMBER OF SPECIES OF COLLEMBOLA. THE SPECIES PRESENT IN THE 'SANSOUIRES' ARE BOTH UBIQUITOUS AND EURYTOPIC AND CAN WITHSTAND IMPORTANT MICROCLIMATIC VARIATIONS. 67 SPECIES OF COLEOPTERA WERE FOUND ON THE TRANSECTS. THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH THE VARIOUS PLANT COMMUNITIES ARE DISCUSSED. HERE AGAIN CONDITIONS OF SEASONAL SUBMERSION AND SALINITY ARE THE MAJOR LIMITING FACTORS. SPECIES DIVERSITY AND POPULATION DENSITY OF BEETLES OFTEN VARY FROM PLACE TO PLACE WITHIN THE SAME PLANT COMMUNITY. THE POSSIBLE CAUSES OF SUCH LOCAL DIFFERENCES ARE DISCUSSED. 62 SPECIES OF AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES WERE FOUND IN 3 HABITATS STUDIED IN THE RESERVE NATIONALS DE CAMARGUE. EURYHALINE AND BENTHIC SPECIES WERE THE MOST NUMEROUS. REPRODUCTION TAKES PLACE GENERALLY THROUGHOUT THE YEAR, WITH A PEAK DURING SPRING. THE SEASONALLY FLOODED AREAS ARE THE RICHEST IN SPECIES, PARTICULARLY IN COPEPODS, WHOSE EGGS SPEND THE DRIEST PART OF THE YEAR IN A DORMANT STAGE. (IMPACT OF FEEDING BY A GROUP OF CAMARGUE HORSES ON HALOPHYTE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE, AND ON ITS INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES). 80-10 04635 CORRE, J. J. BIGOT, L. POINSOT BALAGUER, N. TERRE ET LA VIE, SUPPL. 2(1979), 243-254 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (INST BOT , RUE A.-BROUSSONNET, MONTPELLIER, FRANCE) TYPE- BOOK CHAPTER NDN- 032-0032-1765-0 THE IMPACT OF A SMALL HERD OF HORSES UPON THE 'SANSOUIRE' BIOTIC COMMUNITY WAS STUDIED OVER 3 YR, BY COMPARISON OF GRAZED AND UNGRAZED (ENCLOSED) PLOTS. THE CHANGES IN THE VEGETATION COVER AND SOIL FAUNA ARE DESCRIBED. FIVE CATEGORIES OF CHANGES ARE DISTINGUISHED: A DECREASE IN FREQUENCY OF SOME PLANT OR ANIMAL SPECIES FOLLOWING GRAZING AND/OR TRAMPLING, A RECOLONIZATION OF PATCHES OF BARE GROUND, AN INCREASE IN SPECIES FREQUENCY FOLLOWING GRAZING, AND QUANTITATIVE VARIATIONS NOT RELATED TO GRAZING. TRAMPLING DURING ONE YEAR DID NOT SIGNIFICANTLY CHANGE THE STRUCTURE OF THE COMMUNITIES OF INVERTEBRATES LIVING WITHIN THE SOIL OR ABOVE GROUND. SOME DIFFERENCES,HOWEVER, WERE NOTED IN THE EOUITABILITY OF THE SOIL FAUNA. COLLEMBOLA AND MITES REACTED DIFFERENTLY TO THE GRAZING AND TRAMPLING PRESSURE OF THE HORSES. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF JONGLEI CANAL PROJECT 80-09 08635 TAHIR, A. A. EL SAMMANI, M. 0. WATER SUPPLY MANAGE., 4(1-2) IN: THE NILE AND ITS ENVIRONMENT. KASSAS.M.; GHABBOUR,S.I. (EDS.) EGYPTIAN SOCIETY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. 1980. P. 45-51 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- EXECUTIVE ORGAN FOR THE DEV. PROJECTS IN JONGLEI CANAL AREA, KHARTOUM, DEM REP SUDAN) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0031-3696-A ALMOST ALL OBSERVERS AGREE THAT SOME OF THE TRADITIONAL VALUES AND ATTITUDES OF THE PEOPLE ALONG THE JONGLEI CANAL AREA ARE CHANGING. THE IMPACT OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE JONGLEI CANAL ON LOCAL ECONOMY WILL BE PROFOUND AND WILL FURTHER STRENGTHEN THE IMPETUS TO CHANGE. INDEED IT WILL BE A MAJOR PROBLEM FOR LOCAL PEOPLE TO ADJUST THEIR LIFE SUFFICIENTLY RAPIDLY TO ADAPT TO THE 94 ------- CHANGES THAT MUST OCCUR. UNDER THESE CIRCUMSTANCES, A PROGRAMME OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS HAS BEEN FORMULATED AND FUNDING IS BEING SOUGHT BY THE EXECUTIVE ORGAN FOR THE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN JONGLEI CANAL AREA. MOST HAVE STARTED, ESPECALLY THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC STUDIES SINCE 1975. OTHERS LIKE SOIL SURVEY, ANIMAL PRODUCTION, RANGE AND SWAMP ECOLOGY SURVEYS ARE STARTING UNDER A TECHNICAL COOPERATION WITH THE EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT FUND OF THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES. THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF THE NETHERLANDS IS ALSO HELPING IN THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A RURAL COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT FIRM IN THE AREA. THE RESIDENT REPRESENTATIVE'S OFFICE OF THE UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME HAS INITIATED ALL THESE STUDIES WHICH HELPED THE EXECUTIVE ORGAN FOR THE DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN JONGLEI CANAL AREA IDENTIFYING ITS PROGRAMMES AND FORMULATING DIFFERENT PROJECTS. THESE PROGRAMMES ARE DESCRIBED IN THE PAPER. THE SUDD AS A WETLAND ECOSYSTEM AND THE JONGLEI CANAL PROJECT 80-09 08636 TAHIR, A. A. WATER SUPPLY MANAGE., 4(1-2) IN: THE NILE AND ITS ENVIRONMENT KASSAS.M.; GHABBOUR,S.I. (EDS.) EGYPTIAN SOCIETY FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. 1980. P 53-54 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (EXECUTIVE ORGAN DEVEVELOPMENT OF THE JONGLEI CANAL PROJECT, KHARTOUM, SUDAN) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0031-3695-1 SOME ENVIRONMENTALISTS HAVE OBJECTED TO THE JONGLEI CANAL PROJECT IN THAT IT WILL ADVERSELY AFFECT THE LOCAL PEOPLE AND THE SUDD ECOSYSTEM AND WILL TRIGGER MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN ORDER TO ANSWER SUCH CRITICISM THE FOLLOWING FACTS ARE PRESENTED. (1) THE REDUCTION IN THE SWAMP AREA WILL BE <10% WHILE NATURAL VARIATIONS IN THE SWAMP AREA HAVE BEEN >100%. THE CLIMATIC CHANGES ARE AFFECTED BY THE WHOLE SWAMP REGION WHICH INCLUDES BAHR EL GHAZAL AND MASHAR SWAMPS. THUS THE EXPECTED REDUCTION WILL NOT EXCEED 1%. (2) SINCE THE SOUTH ATLANTIC WAS THE MAIN SOURCE FOR SUDAN RAINFALL, DRAINING OF THE SWAMPS WOULD HAVE NO EFFECT ON RAINFALL OVER THE SUDAN AS A WHOLE. (3) THE OBSTRUCTION OF THE MOVEMENT OF PEOPLE AND ANIMALS IS BEING DEALT WITH. (4) THE SWAMPS ARE NOT A STATIC PHENOMENA. NATURAL FLUCTUATIONS OF SWAMP AREA ARE CONTINUOUS BECAUSE OF THE CYCLES OF HIGH AND LOW FLOWS OF THE EQUATORIAL LAKES. NOT ALL CHANGES HAVE BEEN DISASTROUS OR MAN-MADE. THERE WILL ALWAYS BE A CERTAIN DISCHARGE KEPT IN BAHR EL JEBEL TO MAINTAIN ITS NATURAL CONDITIONS. THIS IS A CLEAR INDICATION THAT THERE IS NO EFFECT ON DEPLETION OF GROUND WATER TO THE NORTH IF THE SWAMPS ARE DRAINED. ON THE CONTRARY A BENEFICIAL EFFECT IS CLEAR. (6) THE PROJECT WILL BRING A NEW MODE OF LIFE FOR BOTH MAN AND ANIMAL WHICH WILL BE MORE USEFUL. A UNIQUE WETLAND IN MARYLAND. SIPPLE, W. S. KLOCKNER, W 80-09 03941 CASTANEA, 45(1), 60-69 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (WETLANDS PERMIT DIV., WATER RESOUR ADMIN., DEP NAT RESOUR.. TAWES STATE OFF BUILDING, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0030-8965-7 THE FLORA, VEGETATION, AND SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS OF A UNIQUE SWAMP AND SAVANNA WETLAND ARE DESCRIBED. THREE VEGETATION ZONES ARE PRESENT- SAVANNA, ATLANTIC WHITE CEDAR SWAMP, AND DECIDUOUS SWAMP. A TOTAL OF 47, 39, AND 42 VASCULAR PLANT TAXA ARE FOUND WITHIN THESE ZONES, RESPECTIVELY, INCLUDING A NUMBER OF TAXA CHARACTERISTIC OF 'BOGS' OR OTHER ACIDIC HABITATS SUCH AS HABENARIA BLEPHARIGLOTTIS, H. CILIARIS, POGONIA OPHIOGLOSSOIDES, DROSERA INTERMEDIA , AND UTRICULARIA SP THE DISCOVERY OF THIS SWAMP AND SAVANNA WETLAND IS CONSIDERED SIGNIFICANT IN THAT THE SITE IS VEGETATIVELY UNIQUE IN MARYLAND. 95 ------- DIGENETIC TREMATODES OF AMPHIBIANS FROM TOGO. BOURGAT, R. 80-08 84763 BULL MUS NATL. HIST NAT., PARIS, SECT. A. ZOOL., 1(3), 597-624 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (UNIV PERPIGNAN, 66025 PERPIGNAN CEDEX, FRANCE) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0030-2059-5 TWELVE SPECIES: DIPLODISCUS FISCHTHALICUS, MESOCOELIUM MONODI, GANEO AFRICANA, PLEUROGENOIDES TENER, NEOPROSOTOCUS EXOVITELLOSUS , MAEDERIA EBURNENSE, OSTIOLOIDES'RAPPIAE, HAEMATOLOECHUS MICRURUS, H. COMBESI , H. JOHNSONI , METAHAEMATOLOECHUS EXOTERORCHIS, OPISTHORCHIS LOMEENSIS WERE IDENTIFIED. ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN TOGO ARE SHOWN TO BE SUFFICIENTLY DISTINCT TO ALLOW A PECULIAR FAUNAL EVOLUTION AND ASSURE A DISTINCT SEPARATION BETWEEN WESTERN AND EASTERN FOREST REGIONS OF WEST AFRICA. VEGETATION GRADIENTS OF MINEROTROPHICALLY RICH FENS IN WESTERN ALBERTA. 8O-O8 85367 SLACK, N. G. VITT, D. H. HORTON, D. G. CAN, J. BOT , 58(3), 330-350 (1980) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (DEP BIOL., RUSSELL STATE COLL., TROY, NEW YORK, NY 1218O, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0030-1455-4 THE VASCULAR PLANT AND BRYOPHYTE VEGETATION OF 50 STANDS IN 9 SITES FROM THE FOOTHILLS OF WESTERN ALBERTA WERE QUANTITATIVELY SAMPLED IN ORDER TO DETERMINE THE MAJOR VEGETATION GRADIENTS. THESE FENS ARE MOSTLY PATTERNED, WITH POOLS OF WATER (FLARKS), ALTERNATING WITH RAISED RIDGES (STRINGS), AND ARE MINEROTROPHICALLY RICH. MEAN CALCIUM ION CONCENTRATONS OF THE 9 FENS RANGE BETWEEN 18 AND 37 PPM AND MEAN PH VALUES RANGE BETWEEN 6.8 AND 7.9, WITH ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITIES VARYING FROM 140 TO 456 MMHO/CM (1 MHO=1S) ONE STRING COMMUNITY TYPE, DOMINATED BY TOMENTHYPNUM NITENS, BETULA GLANDULIFERA , AND LARIX LARICINA , AND ONE FLARK COMMUNITY TYPE, DOMINATED BY SCORPIDIUM SCORPIOIDES, DREPANOCLADUS REVOLVENS , AND CAREX LIMOSA , ARE DESCRIBED, WITH 3 PHASES RECOGNIZED IN THE FLARKS. (THE S. SCORPIOIDES PHASE IS MOST PROMINENT IN THE WETTEST FLARKS, WITH THE CAMPYLIUM STELLATUM-SCIRPUS SPP PHASE FOUND IN SLIGHTLY DRIER HABITATS.) THE WATER CHEMISTRY AND VEGETATION OF THESE RICH FENS COMPARES WELL WITH SIMILAR MIRES DESCRIBED FROM EASTERN CANADA AND FENNOSCANDIA. INDIRECT AND DIRECT GRADIENT ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES ILLUSTRATE A WET-DRY ECOLOGICAL SERIES OF BRYOPHYTES RICH IN AMBLYSTEGIACEAE AND LACKING IN SPHAGNACEAE. PATTERNS OF SUSPENDED PARTICLE TRANSPORT IN A MISSISSIPPI TIDAL MARSH SYSTEM. 80-08 87416 HACKNEY, C. T DE LA CRUZ, A. A. GULF RES. REP., 6(3), 217-224 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP BIOL., UNIV. SOUTHWESTERN LOUISIANA, LAFAYETTE, LA 70504, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0029-9407-2 THE FLUX OF SUSPENDED PARTICULATE ORGANIC DETRITUS (POD) AND SUSPENDED INORGANIC DETRITUS (PID) WAS STUDIED DURING 10 DIURNAL TIDAL PERIODS (24-HOUR) AND 3 SEMI-DIURNAL TIDAL PERIODS (12-HOUR) BETWEEN MAY 1975 AND APRIL 1976. THE CONCENTRATION OF POD RANGED FROM 1.50 TO 19.79 MG/L, WHILE THE PID RANGED FROM 3.20 TO 99.61 MG/L. THERE WAS A NET EXPORT OF POD DURING 4 OF 13 TIDAL PERIODS AND A NET EXPORT OF PID DURING 5 TIDAL PERIODS. THERE WAS A TOTAL NET MOVEMENT OF 39.32 AND 292.51 KG OF POD AND PID, RESPECTIVELY, INTO THE MARSH. ON AN ANNUAL BASIS, THIS IS EQUIVALENT TO THE ADDITION OF 168 G/M 2/YR OF DETRITAL MATERIAL TO THE MARSH. THE PREDICTABILITY OF POD AND PID CONCENTRATION IN THE WATER WAS GOOD (R 2 OF 57.9 AND 58.1%) DURING EBB TIDE BASED ON 9 BIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL VARIABLES. THE RADIO OF POD TO TOTAL SUSPENDED MATERIAL WAS 15.9% AND CONSTANT DURING THE YEAR AT ALL CONCENTRATIONS. ALTHOUGH THE MARSH MAY NOT BE AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF CARBON FOR THE ESTUARY, DATA INDICATE THAT THE MARSH MAY REGULATE THE CONCENTRATION OF SUSPENDED DETRITUS IN THE NEARBY BAY BY RELEASING DETRITUS WHEN THE DETRITUS CONCENTRATION IN THE WATER IS LOW AND BY ACCUMULATING DETRITUS WHEN THIS CONCENTRATION IS HIGH. 96 ------- (STUDY OF THE FORAMINIFERA OF MANGROVE SWAMPS: REFLECTION ON THE OBJECTIVES AND THE STATE OF KNOWLEDGE) 80-08 88180 ZANINETTI, L. ARCH. SCI. (GENEVE), 32(2), 151-161 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- FRENCH AFFILIATION- (LAB. PALEONTOL., UNIV GENEVE, 13, RUE DE MARACHERS, 1211 GENEVA 4, SWITZERLAND) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0029-8643-7 A STUDY OF THE FORAMINIFERA OF MANGROVE SWAMPS IS PRESENTED. THE ANALYSIS IS LIMITED TO FORAMINIFERA TYPICALLY ASSOCIATED WITH TROPICAL OR TEMPERATE TIDAL FLATS. IN ACCORDANCE WITH THEIR DISTRIBUTION IN THE MANGROVE SWAMPS IT IS POSSIBLE TO RECOGNISE 4 DISTINCT GROUPS OF FORAMINIFERA. (1) UBIQUITOUS SPECIES WHICH ARE INDIFFERENT TO THE PRINCIPAL FACTORS LIMITING DISTRIBUTION, I.E. SALINITY, HYDRODYNAMISM AND GRANULOMETRY OF THE SEDIMENT THE FOLLOWING SPECIES ARE PLACED IN THIS GROUP; (1) ARENOPARRELLA MEXICANA , (2) IRIDIA SPP; (3) HAPLOPHRAGMOIDES WILBERTI ; (4) SIPHOTROCHAMMINA ELEGANS ; (5) S. LOBATA ; (6) TROCHAMMINA INFLATA ; AND (7) CRITHIONINA SP (2) MANGROVE FORAMINIFERA WHICH OCCUPY THE WHOLE OF THE SWAMPS BUT CANNOT SURVIVE IN THE SEA AREA CLOSE TO THE MANGROVE; (1) MILIAMMINA FUSCA ; (2) BAHIANOFUSUS PONTEI ; (3) AMMOTIUM PSEUDOCASSIS ; (4) A. SALSUM ; (5) AMMOASTUTA INEPTA ; (6) A. SALSA ; AND (7) CHITINOSACCUS GUARATIBAENSIS (3) FORAMINIFERA OF THE EXTERNAL SWAMP AT THE BORDER WITH THE SURROUNDING SEA AREA; (t) AMMOBACULITES DILATATUS ; (2) AMMOBACULITES SPP; (3) AMMOSCALARIA SP; (4) TROCHAMMINA SPP; (5) PSEUDOCLAVULINA CURTIS ; (6) P. GRACILIS ; (7) BAHIANOTUBUS SALVADORENSIS ; (8) AMMONIA EX GR. BECCARRI ; (9) DISCORBIS SPP; (10) DISCORINOPSIS ? VADESCENS ; (11) ELPHIDIUM SPP; AND (12) OUINOUELOCULINA SP. (4) FORAMINIFERA OF THE INTERNAL MANGROVE; (1) TROCHAMMINITA SALSA ; (2) POLYSACCAMMINA IPOHALINA ; AND (3) LITUOLA ? SALSA THE USE OF FRESHWATER WETLANDS AS A TERTIARY WASTEWATER TREATMENT ALTERNATIVE 8O-08 04388 KADLEC, R. H. TILTON, D. L. CRC, CRIT. REV. ENVIRON. CONTROL, 9(2), 185-212 (1979) INCLUDES BIBLIOGRAPHY- 71 REFS. LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (WETLANDS ECOSYSTEM RES. GROUP, DEP. CHEM ENG., UNIV MICHIGAN, ANN ARBOR, MI 48104, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW NDN- O32-0029-4989-6 FRESHWATER WETLANDS CAN, IN SOME CIRCMSTANCES, RENOVATE ADDED SECONDARILY TREATED WASTEWATER, THUS PROVIDING AN ALTERNATIVE TO LAND OR WATER DISPOSAL OR EXPENSIVE PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL TREATMENT PROCESSES. THIS REVIEW SUMMARIZES NORTH AMERICAN STUDIES IN THE CONTEXTS OF ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION AND WATER QUALITY CHANGES FOR BOTH NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL WETLAND ECOSYSTEMS. ALL COMPONENTS OF AN ECOSYSTEM ARE INVOLVED IN THE ALTERATION OF THE DISSOLVED NUTRIENT STATUS AND SEDIMENT CONTENT OF THE WATER. THE RESULTS OF RECENT STUDIES ARE INTERPRETED IN TERMS OF THE PRINCIPLES OF HYDROLOGY AND NUTRIENT CYCLING IN WETLANDS. INITIAL UPTAKE AND ALTERATION MECHANISMS INVOLVE SORPTION AND MICROBIAL PROCESSES, SUCH AS DENITRIFICATION. PEAT SOILS PROVIDE A MAXIMUM CONDITION FOR THIS RAPID UPTAKE. DETRITUS SUPPORTS MICROBIAL POPULATIONS AND ACTIVE PERIPHYTON, WHICH COUPLED WITH OTHER ALGAE, REPRESENT A SECOND TEMPORARY SINK. THE VASCULAR PLANT COMMUNITY ALSO REPRESENTS NUTRIENT STORAGE WHICH MAY BE EXPLOITED BY HERBIVORES OR DETRITIVORES. DECOMPOSITION SUBSEQUENTLY RELEASES SOME OF THE NUTRIENTS TO RECYCLE, WHILE THE REMAINDER IS STORED AS PEAT. THE BUFFER PERFORMANCE OF THESE ECOSYSTEMS IS INTERPRETED IN LIGHT OF PREVAILING ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS. 97 ------- IS ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY A PROBLEM SOLVER OR A PROBLEM CREATOR? 80-08 00612 WANG, F C. FLA SCI 42(1, SUPPL.), 36 (1979) SUMMARY ONLY LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH ' AFFILIATION- (CENT WETLANDS, UNIV. FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE : ABSTRACT NDN- 032-0029-4453-8 THERE IS MUCH CONCERN IN THE WORLD TODAY WITH THE EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL, ECONOMICAL, AND ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS IN ENGINEERING PLANNING OF PUBLIC WORKS. A REAL TYPICAL CASE IS THE ASWAN HIGH DAM OF THE EGYPTIAN NILE, A MODERN ENGINEERING WONDER EMBODYING THE BEST ENGINEERING PLANNING, DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION. MORE IMPORTANTLY, THE DAM FILLS A VITAL NEED OF 35 MILLION PEOPLE. VIEWED FROM ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS, THE HIGH DAM IS A MIXED BLESSING. OF THE DAM'S 3 PRIMARY GOALS: IRRIGATION, HYDROPOWER AND FLOOD PROTECTION, ONLY THE LAST HAS BEEN MET. THE DAM HAS ROBBED EGYPT OF 50 MILLION-TONS OF RICH FERTILE SILT DEPOSITED ANNUALLY BY NILE FLOODS. SINCE THE NILE NO LONGER FLUSHES CLEAN, THERE IS AN INCREASE IN SNAIL-CARRIED DISEASE, BILHARZIA. ALSO, SARDINES, FORMERLY FOUND IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SHOALS AT THE NILE'S MOUTH HAVE MIGRATED TO DEEPER WATERS DUE TO THE LOSS OF FLOOD-BORNE NUTRITION. MANY EXPECTED AND UNEXPECTED PROBLEMS EXIST; THEREFORE, HAS ADEQUATE PROGRESS BEEN MADE WHEN WE ARE NOW FACING MORE COMPLEX PROBLEMS CREATED BY OUR HIGH TECHNOLOGY? FENLAND: ITS ANCIENT PAST AND UNCERTAIN FUTURE. 80-07 01005 GODWIN, H. PUBL. BY: CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS; BENTLEY HOUSE, 200 EUSTON RD., LONDON NW1 2DB, UK AND 32 EAST 57TH ST., NEW YORK, NY 10022, USA. 1978 196 PP AT $7.95. LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- BOOK : MONOGRAPH NDN- 032-0029-4137-0 NO-ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION TO THE MADONIE MARSHY AREAS STUDY 80-07 75329 PETRONICI, C. MAZZOLA, P RAIMONDO, F M. NAT. SICIL., 2(1-2), 11-24 (1978) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, ITALIAN AFFILIATION- (1ST CHIM AGRAR. , VIALE DELLE SCIENZE, 13-90128 PALERMO, ITALY) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0028-9503-A A DESCRIPTION OF THE MARSHY AREAS, LOCATED ON THE MADONIE MOUNTAINS BETWEEN 500 AND 1500 M ABOVE SEA LEVEL, IS GIVEN. ON THE WATER SOAKED PEATY SOILS, RELICT HYGROPHYLOUS PHYTOCOENOSES ARE STILL BEING FOUND. SUCH AREAS, ALREADY DESCRIBED FOR OTHER MEDITERRANEAN REGIONS, ARE ALMOST UNKNOWN FOR SICILY. FROM A PRELIMINARY SURVEY 'MARGI FILICIARI', 'TRIEMULE', 'MARGI OUACINARI', AND 'GURGHI' HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED AS THE MOST FREQUENT AND REPRESENTATIVE MARSHES OF THE MADONIE AREA. A CHEMICAL AND PEDOLOGIC STUDY ON THESE MARSHES IS IN PROGRESS. THE IMPORTANCE OF WETLANDS IN THE NORTH CENTRAL AND NORTHEAST UNITED STATES TO NON-GAME BIRDS. 80-06 63161 LANDIN, M. C. GEN. TECH. REP., NORTH CENT. FOR. EXP. STN., NC-51, 179-188 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (ENVIRON. LAB WATERWAYS EXP STN POB 631, VICKSBURG, MS 39180, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0028-1961-1 OVER 200 MIGRATORY AND YEAR-ROUND RESIDENT BIRD SPECIES USE THE DIVERSE BUT LIMITED WETLAND AREAS OF THE NORTHEAST AND NORTH CENTRAL US FOR PART OR ALL OF THEIR LIFE REQUIREMENTS. NON-GAME AND MINOR GAME (RAILS, COOTS) BIRD USE IS DISCUSSED BY WETLAND TYPE FOR BOTH REGIONS. PROBLEMS AND CAUSES OF WETLAND AND WATER BIRD DECLINE ARE DISCUSSED; AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WETLANDS AND FOREST MANAGERS ARE SET FORTH. 98 ------- FLORA OF FAIZABAD II. AQUATIC AND MARSHY VEGETATION. CHAUDHARY, R. L. 80-06 66313 BOT NAGPUR, 7(4), 195-200 (1978) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (BOT. DEP , K.S. SAKET POST-GRAD. COLL., FAIZABAD, 224123, UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0027-9643-6 THE AQUATIC AND SWAMPY VEGETATION OF FAIZABAD (UTTAR PRADESH) IS DESCRIBED. PLANTS WERE DIVIDED INTO 6 ECOLOGICAL GROUPS. A TOTAL OF 99 SPECIES, BELONGING TO 21 FAMILIES OF DICOTYLEDONS, 13 FAMILIES OF MONOCOTYLEDONS, AND 3 FAMILIES OF PTERIDOPHYTES WERE RECORDED. MONOCOTYLEDONS WERE MOST ABUNDANT ECOLOGY OF AN OMBROTROPHIC BOG OF NORTHERN WISCONSIN. GUNTENSPERGEN, G. R. STEARNS, F 80-06 00437 BULL. ECOL. SOC. AM., 60(2), 135 (1979) SUMMARY ONLY ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (UNIV WISCONSIN, MILWAUKEE, WI, USA) JOURNAL ARTICLE : ABSTRACT NDN- 032-0027-4112-3 LANGUAGE(S)- TYPE- VEGETATION OF AN OMBROTROPHIC BOG IN NORTHWESTERN WISCONSIN WAS SAMPLED MONTHLY FROM MAY TO OCTOBER PRIOR TO THE USE OF THE SITE AS A TERTIARY SEWAGE TREATMENT SITE. THREE PLOTS WERE LOCATED UNDER A FOREST CANOPY OF LARGE ( LARIX LARICINA ) AND BLACK SPRUCE ( PICEA MARIANA ) AND A FOURTH IN AN OPEN MEADOW DOMINATED BY SEDGES ( CAREX SPP), LOW ERICACEOUS SHRUBS, PRIMARILY LEATHERLEAF ( CHAMAEDAPHNE CALYCULATA ), AND SPHAGNUM SPP. LEATHERLEAF AND LABRADOR TEA ( LEDUM GROENLANDICUM ) TOGETHER COMPRISE OVER 80% OF THE ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS OF THE HERB-SHRUB LAYER OF THIS BOG. LEATHERLEAF MEAN ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS (+- ONE S.E.) RANGED SEASONALLY FROM 175.0 (+-40.11) G/M 2 TO 273.8 (+-59.5) G/M 2 AND OF LABRADOR TEA FROM 126.4 (+-23. 1) G/M 2 TO 249.4 (+-44.8) G/M 2. THE MINERAL COMPOSITION OF THE DOMINANT SPECIES APPEARS COMPARABLE TO VALUES REPORTED FOR PLANTS FROM OTHER SITES IN THE UPPER GREAT LAKES REGION. THE DISTRIBUTION OF SEEDS, SEEDLINGS, AND ESTABLISHED PLANTS OF ARROW ARUM ( PELTANDRA VIRGINICA (L.) KUNTH) IN A FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND. 80-05 53381 WHIGHAM, D. F SIMPSON, R. L. LECK, M. A. BULL. TORREY EOT. CLUB, 106(3), 193-199 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (CHESAPEAKE BAY CENTER FOR ENVIRON. STUD., SMITHSONIAN INST , POB 23, EDGEWATER, MD 21037, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0027-1305-7 ARROW ARUM IS A WIDELY DISTRIBUTED PERENNIAL IN DELAWARE RIVER FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLANDS. THE DISJUNCT DISTRIBUTION OF ESTABLISHED ARROW ARUM PLANTS AND THE RATHER COSMOPOLITAN DISTRIBUTION OF SEEDS WITHIN THE HAMILTON MARSH FRESHWATER TIDAL WETLAND SUGGESTS THAT FACTORS WHICH DETERMINE WHERE SEEDLINGS BECOME ESTABLISHED ARE MOST IMPORTANT IN CONTROLLING ITS POPULATION STRUCTURE. ESTABLISHED PLANTS WERE ABSENT AND SEED MORTALITY WAS HIGH ON STREAM BANKS, WHICH SUGGESTS THAT WATER VELOCITY MAY LIMIT SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT. THE ALMOST COMPLETE ABSENCE OF ARROW ARUM FROM ALL BUT THE LITTORAL FRINGE OF PONDS SUGGESTS THAT LIGHT IS ALSO AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN LIMITING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SEEDLINGS. BURIED SEED STUDIES, SHOWED THAT THE SEEDS WERE DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT THE WETLAND, BUT THAT DENSITIES WERE GREATEST ON THE HIGH MARSH. ALLELOPATHY MAY BE AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN CONTROLLING SEED GERMINATION. 99 ------- HABITAT VARIATION IN THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF A COMMUNAL GALLINULE, THE PUKEKO, PORPHYRIO PORPHYRIO MELANOTUS 80-05 58358 CRAIG, J. L. BEHAV. ECOL. SOCIOBIOL., 5(4), 331-358 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (ZOOL. DEP., UNIV. AUCKLAND, PRIVATE BAG, AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0026-6328-4 THE SOCIAL ORGANIZATION AND DISPERSAL OF P P. MELANOTUS WAS STUDIED IN 2 DIFFERENT HABITATS IN THE MANAWATU, NEW ZEALAND. A NON-TERRITORIAL FLOCK FORMED EACH SUMMER IN THE SWAMPLIKE HABITAT AND FED IN THE PASTURE OF BREEDING TERRITORIES. FLOCKS HAD A HIGH PROPORTION OF MALES AND YOUNG. MOST DISPERSED PRIOR TO THE BREEDING SEASON ALTHOUGH SOME BIRDS REMAINED, SET UP TERRITORIES, AND ATTEMPTED TO BREED. SUCH FLOCKS DID NOT FORM IN THE STREAM-PASTURE HABITAT. THE REMAINING BIRDS IN BOTH AREAS HELD TERRITORIES FOR AT LEAST THE BREEDING SEASON WITH THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS IN A TERRITORY VARYING FROM 2-6. PAIRS WERE COMMON IN THE STREAM-PASTURE HABITAT WHEREAS GROUPS PREDOMINATED IN THE SWAMP-LIKE HABITAT. THE NUMBER OF BIRDS IN A TERRITORY RELATED TO THE LENGTH OF THE DEFENDED BOUNDARY AND ITS STABILITY WITHIN EACH GROUP, PAIR WITH YOUNG, AND FLOCK A LINEAR HIERARCHY WAS FOUND WITH STATUS RELATED TO AGE, SEX AND PRIOR RESIDENCE. PUKEKD SATISFY MANY OF THE CRITERIA SUGGESTED BY BROWN (1974) WHICH LEAD TO COMMUNALITY. VARIATIONS IN THE SPATIAL ORGANIZATION ARE RELATED TO THEORIES OF A CONTINUUM OF SOCIAL ORGANIZATION REGULATING ACCESS TO RESOURCES. DISTRIBUTION AND RELATED ECOLOGY OF MACROLICHENS ON MANGROVES ON THE EAST AUSTRALIAN COAST 80-05 58781 STEVENS. G. N. LICHENOLOGIST, 11(3). 293-305 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (EOT DEP , UNIV QUEENSLAND, ST LUCIA, BRISBANE, OUEENSL. 4067, AUSTRALIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0026-59O5-2 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS DIRECTLY INFLUENCING LICHEN OCCURRENCE IN THE MARITIME WETLAND ENVIRONMENT APPEAR TO BE TEMPERATURE, MEAN NUMBER OF ANNUAL RAINDAYS, SEEPAGE OF FRESHWATER FROM THE LAND SURFACE, AND EXPOSURE. THE LACK OF A SUITABLE PHOROPHYTE IN AN AREA CAN ALSO RESTRICT THE OCCURRENCE OF SOME SPECIES. THE DISTRIBUTION OF 105 MACROLICHENS FOUND ON MANGROVE BARK ALONG THE COASTLINE OF EASTERN AUSTRALIA INDICATES THAT A REPLACEMENT OF SPECIES TAKES PLACE (TO A GREATER OR LESSER EXTENT WITHIN DIFFERENT GENERA) WITH CHANGE IN LATITUDE. THIS RESULTS IN A FAIRLY CONSTANT NUMBER OF SPECIES AT ANY ONE POINT IN THE TROPICAL AND TEMPERATURE LATITUDES; A MARKED INCREASE IN SPECIES NUMBERS OCCURS IN THE SUBTROPICS (23-30 S). WETLAND SURVEYING AND MAPPING. 80-O4 47453 BLAIR, C. PROC. AM. SOC. CIV. ENG., J. SURV. MAP. DIV., 105(SU 1), 23-34 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. MATH. COMPUT SCI., INST OCEANOGR., OLD DOMINION UNIV., NORFOLK, VA 23508, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0025-5652-3 WETLAND DEFINITIONS ARE REVIEWED AND PROCEDURES EXPLAINED FOR SURVEYING AND MAPPING WETLANDS. SATELLITE MULTI-SPECTRAL SCANNERS, AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY, AND LAND SURVEY METHODS ARE MENTIONED. SURVEY OF THE WATER BOUNDARY BY SMALL BOAT IS CONSIDERED IN DETAIL WITH EMPHASIS ON POSITION FIXING BY HORIZONTAL SEXTANT ANGLES. MAPPING REQUIREMENTS ARE STATED FOR WATER DEPTH AND PLANT SPECIES AS WELL AS HORIZONTAL TOPOGRAPHY 100 ------- WATER QUALITY STANDARDS: EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK. 80-04 50860 ROSENDAHL, P C. ROSE, P W. ENVIRON. MANAGE., 3(6), 483-491 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (U.S. NATL. PARK SERV , SOUTH FLORIDA RES. CENT., EVERGLADES NATL. PARK, HOMESTEAD, FL 33030, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE' ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0025-2573-3 WATER QUALITY CRITERIA WERE DEVELOPED FOR DELIVERY WATERS TO EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK. THE PARK RECEIVES A MINIMUM OF 12.34 M 3/SEC (315000 ACRE-FT/YR) OF WATER FROM CONTROLLED SOURCES EXTERNAL TO ITS BOUNDARY. THESE WATERS OFTEN ORIGINATE FROM AREAS THAT ARE OR POTENTIALLY ARE IMPACTED FROM URBAN AND AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENTS WHEN, IN 1970, THE U.S. CONGRESS GUARANTEED MINIMUM WATER DELIVERIES TO EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK, IT ALSO REQUIRED THAT THESE WATERS BE OF GOOD QUALITY. THE EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK WATER QUALITY DATA BASE WAS ANALYZED FROM 1970 TO 1978 AT BO*TH IN-PARK AND WATER DELIVERY SITES TO DETERMINE THE CURRENT LEVEL OF DELIVERY WATER QUALITY AND TO SELECT REPRESENTATIVE DELIVERY SITES. IT WAS FOUND THAT CURRENT DELIVERY WATER QUALITY WAS SUFFICIENTLY HIGH TO BE ADOPTED AS CRITERIA AGAINST WHICH FUTURE WATER QUALITY COULD BE COMPARED. FROM THE DELIVERY SITES S-12C AND L-67A ALL DATA WERE COMBINED FROM 1970-1978 FOR 36 PARAMETERS INCLUDING MACRONUTRIENTS, HEAVY METALS, AND FIELD PARAMETERS SUCH AS DO, PH. AND SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE. MEAN CONCENTRATIONS AND UPPER LIMITS WERE COMPUTED AND TABULATED FOR COMPARISON DURING FUTURE MONITORING PROGRAMS. THESE CRITERIA WERE SUBSEQUENTLY ADOPTED THROUGH A JOINT MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS. SOUTH FLORIDA WATER MANAGEMENT DISTRICT AND THE U.S. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE. THE LIVING SWAMP 80-01 00128 BORGIOLI, A. CAPPELLI, G. PUBL.BY ORBIS BOOKS (LONDON) LTD ; 66 KENWAY RD., LONDON, SW5 ORD, UK. 1979 120 PP ISBN 0-85613-012-5 AT $5.95 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- BOOK MONOGRAPH NDN- 032-0023-4581-8 NO ABSTRACT TEXT WETLAND SUCCESSION, FIRE AND THE POLLEN RECORD: A MIDWESTERN EXAMPLE. 80-01 17177 DAVIS, A. M. AM. MIDL. NAT , 102(1), 86-94 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP GEOGR. , UNIV. TORONTO, TORONTO, ONTARIO, M5S 1A 1 , CANADA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0021-8332-2 THE POLLEN RECORD FROM THE UPPER FILL IN TAMARACK CREEK, WISCONSIN, DOCUMENTS SUCCESSION IN A NONACID WETLAND ENVIRONMENT SUBJECT TO A HIGH FREQUENCY OF FIRE. INTERPRETATION OF CHANGES IN LOCAL AND EXTRALOCAL COMMUNITIES IS AIDED BY RECONSTRUCTION OF THE FIRE HISTORY AT THE SITE. VARIATIONS IN THE REGIONAL VEGETATION ARE DIFFICULT TO DETERMINE. THE MOSAIC CHARACTER OF THE PRAIRIE-DECIDUOUS FOREST ECOTONE IN THIS AREA APPEARS TO HAVE REMAINED LARGELY UNCHANGED THROUGHOUT THE RECORD. CRITERIA FOR AN EVALUATION OF BIOLOGICAL IMPORTANT SITES, EXEMPLIFIED ON CENTRAL EUROPEAN MIRES. 80-01 21523 WILMANNS, 0. DIERSSEN, K. PHYTOCOENOLOGIA, 6, 544-558 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN, ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (BIOL. INST II/GEOBOT , SCHANZLESTR. 1, D-7800 FREIBURG I. BR , GFR) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0021-4328-5 BASICALLY, FOR NATURE CONSERVANCY PROGRAMS IN DEFINED AREAS, ONE MAY DISTINGUISH BETWEEN ACCIDENTAL ASPECTS (I.E. FINANCIAL AND MANAGEMENT POSSIBILITIES) AND SUBSTANTIAL CRITERIONS: DIVERSITY IN GENERAL. RARITY OF TAXA AND COMMUNITIES, REPRESENTATIVITY, BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES. IMPORTANCE FOR 101 ------- VEGETATIONAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY, SYNECOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE AND INTRINSIC APPEAL IN THE GENERAL PART, WE DISCUSS THE NECESSITY OF AN EVALUATION ACCORDING TO THESE SUBSTANTIAL CRITERIONS FOR A SELCTION OF THE MOST IMPORTANT SITES ('KEY SITES') ON A REGIONAL BASIS AND THE DEGREE OF OBJECTIVITY IN THE SPECIAL PART, THESE CRITERIONS OF QUALITY ARE DISCUSSED IN DETAIL- EXAMPLIFIED ON MIRE SITES WITH RESPECT TO GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION, COMPOSITION OF THE RECENT VEGETATION AND FLORA, SITE FEATURE PATTERN (MICROSTRUCTURE AND MIRE TYPE), IMPORTANCE FOR VEGETATIONAL AND CULTURAL HISTORY, LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY AND INTRINSIC APPEAL. WATERFOWL PAIR USE OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE WETLANDS IN SOUTH DAKOTA. 79-10 04218 RUWALDT, J. J. , JR. FLAKE, L. D. GATES, J. M. J WILDL. MANAGE., 43(2), 375-383 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (U.S. FISH AND WILDL. SERV , POB 250, FEDERAL BLDG., PIERRE, SD 57501, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0020-4254-A USE OF NATURAL PONDS AND LAKES, STREAMS, STOCK PONDS, AND DUGOUTS BY PAIRS OF WATERFOWL WAS EXAMINED IN MAY AND JUNE 1973 AND 1974. PRAIRIE PONDS AND LAKES, PRIMARILY OF GLACIAL ORIGIN, COMPRISED 75 AND 68%, RESPECTIVELY, OF THE TOTAL AREA AND NUMBER OF WETLANDS. STOCK PONDS COMPRISED 14% OF THE AREA AND 21% OF WETLANDS, AND DUGOUTS 1% AND 12% OF THE WETLAND AREA AND NUMBERS, RESPECTIVELY SEMIPERMANENT WETLANDS AND STOCK PONDS CONTAINED PROPORTIONALLY MORE PAIRS OF MOST SPECIES THAN OTHER WETLAND CATEGORIES. DENSITIES OF BLUE-WINGED TEAL (ANAS DISCORS) , PINTAILS (A. ACUTA) , NORTHERN SHOVELERS (A. CLYPEATA) , AND GREEN-WINGED TEAL (A. CRECCA) DECLINED SHARPLY ON SEMI-PERMANENT WETLANDS AND STOCK PONDS DURING THE 1974 DROUGHT. LACK OF WATER IN EPHEMERAL, TEMPORARY, AND SEASONAL WETLANDS APPARENTLY DECREASED USE OF THE REMAINING MORE PERMANENT WETLANDS (NATURAL OR MAN-MADE) BY THESE SPECIES. RELEASE OF TRACE METALS BY SEWAGE SLUDGE AND THE SUBSEQUENT UPTAKE BY MEMBERS OF A TURTLE GRASS MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM. 79-09 02190 MONTGOMERY, J. R. PRICE, M. T ENVIRON. SCI. TECHNOL., 13(5), 546-549 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (HARBOR BRANCH FOUNDATION, INC., RR 1, BOX 196, FT PIERCE, FL 33450, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0019-2407-0 CD, CR, CU, NI, PB, AND ZN WERE LEACHED FROM SEWAGE SLUDGE BY FLOWING SEAWATER (8.4 L/MIN) AND SUBSEQUENTLY TRAVERSED THE MODEL SYSTEM. THE LARGEST NET UPTAKE OF METALS OCCURRED IN THE 'FOULING ORGANISMS' WHERE CD, PB, AND ZN UPTAKE CLOSELY PARALLELED THE NET LOSS OF METALS FROM THE SEWAGE SLUDGE. THALASSIA LEAVES SHOWED A NET UPTAKE FOR CR, PB, NI, AND ZN. LYTECHINUS VARIEGATUS , A GRAZER OF THALASSIA LEAVES, ALSO DEMONSTRATED A NET UPTAKE OF CU, CR, PB, ZN, AND NI. HOLOTHURIA MEXICANA SHOWED A NET UPTAKE OF CR, CU, PB, AND ZN. NET UPTAKE OF METALS WAS SHOWN BY THE ROOTS OF RHIZOPHORA MANGLE . BECAUSE OF INSUFFICIENT SAMPLE MASS, NO CONSISTENT METAL UPTAKE WAS FOUND FOR CODAKIA ORBICULARIS, CRASSOSTREA RHIZOPHORAE , OR NERITA TESSELLATA THE RESULTS INDICATE THAT THE DUMPING OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN COASTAL TROPICAL WATERS CAN LEAD TO THE UPTAKE AND CONCENTRATION OF TOXIC TRACE METALS BY MEMBERS OF A TURTLE GRASS COMMUNITY HERBACEOUS PRODUCTION IN CUT-BURNED, UNCUT-BURNED, AND CONTROL AREAS OF A CHAMAECYPARIS THYOIDES (L.) BSP (CUPRESSACEAE) STAND IN THE GREAT DISMAL SWAMP. 79-09 02588 MCKINLEY, C. E. DAY, F P , JR. BULL. TORREY EOT. CLUB, 106(1), 20-28 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. BIOL. SCI , OLD DOMINION UNIV., NORFOLK, VA 23508, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0019-2026-3 THE BIOMASS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE HERBACEOUS LAYER IN DISTINCT AREAS OF A C. THYOIDES BSP (ATLANTIC WHITE CEDAR) STAND IN THE GREAT DISMAL SWAMP WERE ESTIMATED BY SAMPLING ALONG 3 TRANSECTS LOCATED IN CUT-BURNED, UNCUT-BURNED, AND CONTROL AREAS. THE HARVEST METHOD WAS USED AND PRODUCTIVITY ESTIMATED BY 102 ------- SUMMING PEAK BIOMASS OF INDIVIDUAL SPECIES. THE CUT-BURNED ARA HAD THE HIGHEST PRODUCTIVITY (3475 KG/HA/YR) AND WAS CHARACTERIZED BY SPECIES OF THE ASTERACEAE, POACEAE, AND CYPERACEAE. THE UNCUT BURNED AREA HAD A PRODUCTIVITY OF 1636 KG/HA/YR WITH SPECIES OF THE ASTERACEAE BUT LACKING THE GRASSES AND SEDGES. THE CONTROL AREA EXHIBITED THE LOWEST PRODUCTIVITY (365 KG/HA/YR) AND HAD FEW HERBACEOUS SPECIES. THE FIRE OPENED THE OVERSTORY RESULTING IN HIGH PRODUCTIVITY IN THE 2 BURNED AREAS. THE GUE DU PLANTIN: PLAEO-ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF A WET SITE. 79-09 02592 DAMBLON, F BULL. SOC. R. EOT. BELG., 111(2), 261-276 (1978) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (3, ZANKAT ZAGOURAH (7), RABAT, MOROCCO) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0019-2022-5 THE MACROFOSSIL ANALYSIS OF MINERAL AND HUMIFEROUS SEDIMENTS FROM NEUFVILLES ALLOWED A PRECISE IDENTIFICATION OF THE COMMUNITIES. SIXTEEN ECOLOGICAL GROUPS WERE FORMED FROM THE SUBFOSSIL POLLEN AND MACROFOSSIL ASSEMBLAGES. THUS, IT WAS POSSIBLE TO RECONSTITUTE THE SUCCESSION OF DIFFERENT BIOTOPES WITHIN THE IDENTIFIED COMMUNITIES. IN THIS WAY, 10 ECOLOGICAL GROUPS WERE RECOGNIZED WITHIN A STELLARI0-ALNETUM OF ATLANTIC AGE FROM THE SAMPLES OF THE MIDDLE AGES, 9 GROUPS WERE FORMED. THEY CORRESPOND TO VARIOUS BIOTOPES AS STILL WATER. REED SWAMP, RICH MUDS, WET MEADOWS AND CEREAL CULTIVATIONS. THE VEGETATION OF A CAMARGUE PASTURE. 79-07 71402 BASSETT, P A. J. ECOL., 66(3), 803-827 (1978) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (STN. BIOL., TOUR DU VALAT, LE SAMBUC, 13200 ARLES, FRANCE) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0017-2299-4 A VEGETATION AND SOIL SURVEY OF A 400-HA PASTURE IN THE CAMARGUE (SOUTHERN FRANCE) WAS CARRIED OUT AS PART OF A PROGRAMME ON THE ECOLOGY OF GRAZING ANIMALS AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE VEGETATION. A CLASSIFICATION OF THE VEGETATION BY INDICATOR-SPECIES ANALYSIS GAVE EIGHT GROUPS. ONE OF THESE WAS A CLOSED GRASSLAND DOMINATED BY BRACHYPODIUM PHOENICOIDES TWO OTHERS TYPICALLY CONTAINED RICH SWARDS WITH ABUNDANT LIMONIUM VULGARE, HALIMIONE PORTULACOIDES AND ANNUAL GRASSES. THE FOURTH GROUP WAS VERY SPECIES-POOR, CONTAINING SPARSE CLUMPS OF ARTHROCNEMUM GLAUCUM SEPARATED BY LARGE EXPANSES OF BARE GROUND, WHILE THE FIFTH WAS SIMILAR BUT RICHER IN SPECIES. TWO GROUPS WERE CHARACTERISTIC OF MARSHES; ONE GROUP, DOMINATED BY SCIRPUS MARITIMUS OR PHRAGMITES COMMUNIS , WAS TYPICAL OF THE WETTER PARTS, WHILE THE OTHER, WITH ABUNDANT SCIRPUS MARITIMUS AND AELUROPUS LITTORALIS , WAS FOUND AT THE EDGES. FINALLY, THERE WAS A GROUP RESTRICTED TO DISUSED RICE-FIELDS, RICH IN RUDERAL SPECIES. AN ORDINATION OF THE STANDS BY CORRESPONDENCE ANALAYSIS (RECIPROCAL AVERAGING) SEPARATED THE MAIN MARSH SITES FROM THE REMAINDER ON THE FIRST AXIS. STANDS IN THE OLD RICE-FIELDS AND IN ALL TEMPORARY MARSHES WERE SEPARATED OUT ON THE SECOND AXIS, WHILE THE REMAINDER OF THE STANDS (THE MAJORITY) WERE SPREAD FAIRLY EVENLY ALONG THE THIRD AXIS, SHOWING A GRADATION FROM COMPLETELY GLYCOPHYTIC SITES TO EXTREMELY HALOPHYTIC ONES. OF THE 11 SOIL FACTORS MEASURED IN EACH STAND, FOUR (PH, DEPTH OF THE WATER TABLE, PERCENTAGE OF ORGANIC MATTER, AND AMOUNT OF EXTRACTABLE POTASSIUM) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED WITH THE FIRST AXIS OF THE ORDINATION; THESE WERE SHOWN TO BE RELATED TO SOIL HYDROLOGY FOUR MORE (EXTRACTABLE SODIUM AND MAGNESIUM, THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF EXTRACTABLE BASES, AND THE DEPTH OF THE MOTTLED HORIZON) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED WITH BOTH THE SECOND AND THE THIRD AXES; THESE FACTORS WERE CONNECTED WITH SOIL SALINITY THE REMAINING THREE (EXTRACTABLE CALCIUM, AND THE PERCENTAGES OF PHOSPHORUS AND NITROGEN) WERE SIGNIFICANTLY CORRELATED WITH ALL THREE AXES. A CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF THESE FACTORS SHOWED A SIMILAR GROUPING. IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT THE VEGETATION AND SOIL SHOW PARALLEL RESPONSES TO VARIATIONS IN THE HYDROLOGY AND SALINITY OF THE AREA. A NUMBER OF NORMALLY GLYCOPHYTIC SPECIES WERE FOUND IN SALINE SOILS; SOME HYPOTHESES ARE PUT FORWARD TO EXPLAIN THIS OCCURRENCE. 103 ------- FLORISTIC ANALYSES OF BRITISH MIRES AND MIRE COMMUNITIES. 79-07 71403 DANIELS, R. E. J. ECOL., 66(3), 773-802 (1978) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (INST TERRESTRIAL ECOL , FURZEBROOK RES. STN., WAREHAM, DORSET BH20 5AS, UK) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0017-2298-2 FLORISTIC DATA WERE COLLECTED FROM FORTY QUADRATS (1 X 1 M) AT EACH OF 56 MIRE SITES IN GREAT BRITAIN. THESE DATA WERE USED TO DERIVE ORDINATION SCATTER DIAGRAMS (USING RECIPROCAL AVERAGING) AND CLASSIFICATIONS HIERARCHIES (USING INDICATOR-SPECIES ANALYSIS) AT BOTH SITE AND COMMUNITY LEVELS OF DIFFERENTIATION. ORDINATION OF THE SITES SHOWED A MAJOR LINE OF VARIATION FROM OMBROTROPHIC MIRES WITH ACID WATERS AND PEATS TO GEOTROPHIC SITES WITH CIRCUMNEUTRAL WATERS AND PEATS. IN FLORISTIC TERMS, THESE TWO DIVISIONS WERE REFLECTED IN THE TYPES OF PLANT COMPRISNG THE MAJORITY OF SPECIES RECORDED: IN OMBROTROPHIC MIRES BRYOPHYTES WERE MORE NUMEROUS, AND IN GEOTROPHIC SITES VASCULAR PLANTS PREDOMINATED. A SECOND LINE OF VARIATION, SHOWN PARTICULARLY AMONG OMBROTROPHIC SITES, WAS FROM WET SITES WITH EXTENSIVE POOL SYSTEMS TO THOSE IN WHICH POOLS WERE ABSENT AND SURFACE PEATS WERE DRIER. DIFFERENT FLORISTIC GROUPINGS CORRESPONDED WITH DIFFERENT MIRE TYPES AS DEFINED ON THE BASIS OF HYDROLOGICAL, MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CRITERIA: THIS WAS SHOWN PARTICULARLY IN THE CORRESPONDENCE OF FLORISTIC CLASSIFICATION UNITS AND HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL MIRE TYPES. CLASSIFICATION OF INDIVIDUAL QUADRATS TO PROUCE FLORISTICALLY SIMILAR UNITS (NODA) AGAIN REVEALED A MAJOR LINE OF VARIATION, FROM THOSE NODA FOUND IN THE.WOST ACID PEATS TO THOSE OF MORE BASIC, MINERAL-ENRICHED LOCATIONS. THE CHANGE FROM ONE EXTREME TO THE OTHER WAS, FOR THE MOST PART, CONTINUOUS, WITH A NUMBER OF NODA CONTAINING COMMON SPECIES, THE PROPORTIONS OF WHICH VARIED FROM ONE NODUM TO ANOTHER. BY COMBINING SITE AND NODUM DATA, A CLEARER PICTURE EMERGED OF THE CHANGES TAKING PLACE BTWEEN THE EXTREMES. IN THE MOST ACID AND THE MOST BASIC SITES THERE WERE HIGH PROPORTIONS OF QUADRATS FALLING INTO A FEW NODA, BUT IN THE INTERMEDIATE SITES A LARGE NUMBER OF NODA WERE REPRESENTED. EACH BY FEW QUADRATS. A SERIES WAS PRODUCED WHICH LINKED FLORISTIC CLASSIFICATIONS ON THE BASIS OF SPECIES-CONTENT OF SITES AND THE PROPORTIONS OF DIFFERENT COMMUNITIES (NODA) WITHIN SITES, AND RELATED THESE TO HYDROMORPHOLOGICAL MIRE TYPES AND OVERALL CHEMICAL CONDITIONS, AS INDICATED BY PH. BY THE USE OF THE CLASSIFICATION KEYS PRODUCED BY INDICATOR-SPECIES ANALYSIS NEW SITES MAY BE FITTED INTO THIS GRADED SERIES WITHOUT RECOURSE TO RE-ANALYSIS OF THE FULL DATA-SET FOR ALL SITES. THE ASSIGNING OF A NEW SITE TO INDICATE ITS RELATIONSHIPS WITH OTHER BRITISH MIRES IS DISCUSSED. SWAMP ECOSYSTEMS. 79-06 64913 HOWARD WILLIAMS, C. MALAYAN NAT J., 31(2), 113-125 (1977) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (MAX PLANCK INST. LIMNOL., DEP TROP. ECOL., 232 PLON, WEST GERMANY) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH ' NDN- 032-0015-9599-9 THE SWAMP ECOSYSTEM IS DEFINED AND DETAILS ARE GIVEN OF ITS STRUCTURE UNDER THE SUB-HEADINGS; THE AUTOTRROPHIC LAYER AND THE HETEROTROPHIC LAYER ENERGY FLOW PATHWAYS IN SWAMPS ARE DESCRIBED FOR A PHRAGMITES REED BED A SALT MARSH ECOSYSTEM AND A SWAMP ECOSYSTEM. THE INUNDATION ZONE OF THE NIGER AS AN ENVIRONMENT FOR PALAEARCTIC MIGRANTS 79-05 59054 CURREY, P J. SAYER, J. A. IBIS, 121(1), 20-40 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (29 CANNING MILLS RD., KLEMSCOTT, WA 6111, AUSTRALIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0014-6306-3 OF AT LEAST 350 SPP SO FAR RECORDED WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF THE NIGER INUNDATION ZONE, NO LESS THAN 108 (31%) ARE WHOLLY OR PARTIALLY OF PALAEARCTIC ORIGIN. FIVE MAIN HABITATS ARE RECOGNIZED IN THE REGION- WETLAND, HYGROPHILOUS GRASSLAND, TRANSITION ZONE, NON-FLOODED AREAs'AND AERIAL. THE HABITATS, THE PALAEARCTIC MIGRANTS AND THEIR POSSIBLE ETHIOPIAN 104 ------- COMPETITORS ARE DESCRIBED AND DISCUSSED. THE ANNUAL NIGER FLOOD REGIME ENABLES PALAEARCTIC WATERBIRDS TO FIND SUITABLE HABITATS SOMEWHERE WITHIN THE REGION DURING ALL SEASONS, BUT MOST WIDELY DURING THE AUTUMN AND WINTER MONTHS OF THE FLOOD RECESSION. NON-AQUATIC SPECIES INHABITING FLOOD PLAIN GRASSLAND ARE SCARCE DURING THE PALAEARCTIC AUTUMN, WHEN THE GROWTH OF VEGETATION REACHES ITS MAXIMUM, BECOMONG COMMONER AND MORE DIVERSE DURING THE WINTER MONTHS. SPECIES INHABITING THE TRANSITION ZONE (WHICH INCREASES IN AREA DURING YEARS OF BELOW AVERAGE RAINS AND FLOODS) ARE MOST IN EVIDENCE AT THE END OF THE WINTER PERIOD AND DURING THE SPRING HOT DRY SEASON, PRIOR TO NORTHWARD TRANS-SAHARAN MIGRATION. HABITATS AND SPECIES ENCOUNTERED IN THE NON-FLOODED AREAS ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE RECORDED IN THE SAHEL ZONE ELSEWHERE IN WEST AFRICA. AERIAL HABITAT IS UTILIZED BY COMMON SWIFTS ARRIVING EN MASSE IN EARLY AUGUST, AT THE MAXIMUM DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOUTH-WESTERLY MONSOON AIRSTREAM. SEVERAL AQUATIC SPECIES AND THE FIRST FEW TRANS-SAHARAN MIGRANTS ALSO OCCUR DURING THE SUMMER RAINY SEASON. SOME SPECIES (E.G. WHISKERED TERN, LESSER KESTREL, TURTLE DOVE, SHORT-TOED LARK AND SAND MARTIN) ARE MOST NUMEROUS DURING THE LATE WINTER AND SPRING HOT SEASONS, WHEN CONDITIONS PROVIDED BY THE INUNDATION ZONE MAY BE MORE SUITABLE FOR PRE-MIGRATION FEEDING THAN IN OTHER PARTS OF THE SAHEL ZONE. AS YET THERE IS VIRTUALLY NO INFORMATION AVAILABLE TO DETERMINE ANY EFFECTS THAT DROUGHT SEASONS OR FLOOD VARIATION MAY HAVE ON THE MIGRANT POPULATIONS. THE INFLUENCE OF THICK FLOATING VEGETATION (WATER HYACINTH: EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES ) ON THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENT OF A FRESH WATER WETLAND. 79-05 59188 RAI, D. N. DATTA MUNSHI, J. HYDROBIOLOGIA, 62(1), 65-69 (1979) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (ECOL. RES. LAB., POST-GRAD DEP ZOOL., BHAGALPUR UNIV., BHAGALPUR-7, INDIA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0014-6192-9 MEASUREMENTS MADE IN FRESH WATER WETLAND HAVE SHOWN THAT TEMPERATURE, PH, DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND BICARBONATE ALKALINITY IN THE HYACINTH INFESTED AREA WERE LOWER, BUT DISSOLVED FREE CARBON DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION WAS EXCITINGLY GREATER THAN IN THE OPEN WATER AREA. THIS EXTREME HYPOXIC AND HYPERCARBIC CONDITION OF HYACINTH COVERED AREAS WAS CAUSED BY THE THICK COVERAGE OF EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES WHICH WAS CRUCIAL FOR THE COMPOSITION OF THE CHARACTERISTIC FLORA AND FAUNA. A NOTE ON THE RELATION OF SIZE TO ECOLOGICAL VALUE OF SOME WETLANDS. 79-03 34O30 GUCINSKI, H. ESTUARIES, 1(3), 151-156 (1978) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (OCEAN ENG. TECHNOL., ANNE ARUNDEL COMMUNITY COLL., 101 COLLEGE PARKWAY, ARNOLD, MD 21012, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- O32-O012-884O-A MARSHES LOCATED ON THE MAYO PENINSULA BETWEEN THE SOUTH AND RHODE RIVERS, MARYLAND, WERE MEASURED TO DETERMINE ACREAGE PER TRACT, TOTAL UPLAND AND SEAWARD EDGE LENGTHS. FOR THESE MARSHES, 54% OF THE TOTAL AREA IS ASSOCIATED WITH TRACTS OF LESS THAN 5 ACRES. OF TOTAL UPLAND EDGE LENGTH, 68% IS ALONG TRACTS LESS THAN 5 ACRES, WHILE 72% OF SEAWARD EDGE LENGTH IS ASSOCIATED WITH THESE SMALLER TRACTS. COMPARISON OF EDGE LENGTH TO AREA RATIOS SHOWS THAT TRACTS OF 1 ACRE OR LESS HAVE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER EDGE LENGTH THAN TRACTS OF 5 ACRES OR MORE. WHILE THIS SHOULD BE EXTRAPOLATED TO OTHER GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS WITH CARE, THE FINDINGS SUGGEST THAT REGULATORY AGENCIES REVISE WETLAND MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES TO INCLUDE GREATER PROTECTION AND ENHANCED SURVIVAL OF SMALL TRACTS. 105 ------- URBAN RUNOFF TREATMENT METHODS. VOLUME 1. NON-STRUCTURAL WETLAND TREATMENT 79-01 01391 HICKOK, E. A. HANNAMAN, M. C. WENCK, N. C. ENVIRON. PROT. TECHNOL. SER., EPA, 600/2-77-217, 131 PP. (1977) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (EUGENE A. HICKOK AND ASSOCIATES, ENGINEERS FOR THE MINNEHAHA CREEK WATERSHED DISTRICT, P.O. BOX 387, WAY2ATA, MN 55391, USA) TYPE- MONOGRAPHIC SERIES NDN- 032-0011-4074-9 A SIGNIFICANT IMPACT ON LAKE WATERS IS KNOWN TO BE CAUSED BY STORMWATER RUNOFF; PROVIDING CONTROL AND TREATMENT METHODS FROM THIS POLLUTION SOURCE IS A LARGE AND COMPLEX PROBLEM. THE METHODS DEVELOPED BY THIS PROJECT MAY BE IMPLEMENTED AS AN URBAN STORMWATER RUNOFF CONTROL PRACTICE IN MANY OF THE URBAN CENTERS OF THE COUNTRY THAT HAVE ADJACENT WETLANDS. THE WETLAND USED IN THE STUDY RETAINED 77% OF ALL P AND 94% OF THE TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS ENTERING THE SITE DURING THE EVALUATION PERIOD. IT HAS BEEN SHOWN THAT THE MECHANISM UTILIZED BY ORGANIC SOILS IN THE REMOVAL OF NUTRIENTS AND CONTAMINANTS IS THE RESULT OF PHYSICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL MECHANISMS. FRESHWATER WETLANDS: ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND MANAGEMENT POTENTIAL. 79-01 02318 GOOD, R. E. WHIGHAM, D. F SIMPSON, R. L. PUBL. BY ACADEMIC PRESS INC.; 111 FIFTH AVE., NEW YORK, NY 1O003, USA, AND 24-28 OVAL RD., LONDON, NW1 7DX, UK. 1978 XVII, 378 PP. ISBN 0-12-290150-9 AT $11.35. LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- BOOK CONFERENCE PROCEDDINGS NDN- 032-0011-3901-7 NOT ABSTRACTED WATER REGIME OF SOIL AND LANDSCAPE CHANGED BY FALLOW LAND IN WET AREAS. CHANGE OF UTILIZATION UNEXPLOITED ARABLE LAND. 78-07 50380 KUNTZE, H. BER. LANDWIRTSCH., 55(4), 652-664 (1978) LANGUAGE(S)- GERMAN, ENGLISH, FRENCH AFFILIATION- (NIEDERSACH. LANDESAMT BDDENFORSCH., AUSSENINST. MOORFORSCH. UNO ANGEWANDTE BODENKD., 2800 BREMEN, GFR) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0004-5599-7 SINCE IN LOW LANDS WITH INSUFFICIENT CULTIVATION WET AREAS ARE BEING INCREASINGLY IGNORED AS FAR AS AGRICULTURAL UTILIZATION IS CONCERNED, POSSIBLE EFFECTS ON THE WATER REGIME OF SOILS AND LANDSCAPES MUST BE RECOGNIZED IN GOOD TIME. THESE AREAS OF GRASSLAND, WHICH HAVE FOR THE MOST PART BEEN SUBJECT TO HUMAN INFLUENCE OVER THE CENTURIES BY DRAINAGE, SOIL IMPROVEMENT AND FERTILIZERS, WHEN LEFT TO THEMSELVES DISPLAY A SPEEDY INITIAL CHANGE IN VEGETATION. WITH THE EXCEPTION OF GRASSLAND ON CULTIVATED RAISED BOG, THE GRAMINACEOUS ELEMENT DISAPPEARS WITHIN ONE YEAR. AS FAR AS CAN BE ASCERTAINED FROM THE RELATIVELY RECENTLY INITIATED TRIALS, THE 1ST STAGE IN THE SUCCESSION FOLLOWING THE PERMANENT GRASSLAND, WHICH SUPPORTS A POOR VARIETY OF FLORISTIC SPECIES COMPOSITION, IS A RELATIVELY STABLE MONO-CULTURE OF CIRSIUM ARVENSE, CAREX FUSCA, GLYCERIA MAXIMA, CAREX GRACILIS, PHALARIS ARUNDINACEA DEPENDING ON THEIR LOCATIONS. AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO THIS FREE VEGETATIONAL DEVELOPMENT, EFFORTS ARE BEING MADE TO ACHIEVE SOMETHING LIKE GRASSLAND THROUGH MULCHING OR CHEMICAL GROWTH INHIBITORS. IF ONE CAN IMAGINE THAT THESE WET LOCALITIES, WHICH ARE NO LONGER BEING FARMED, MIGHT PROVIDE NATURAL SUPPORT FOR TREES IN THEIR FINAL STAGES, THEN IT SHOULD BE POSSIBLE TO FORESEE THEM BEING AFFORESTED WITH TREES SUITABLE TO THE INDIVIDUAL LOCALITIES CONCERNED. THE WATER REGIME PARAMETERS (PRECIPITATION, EVAPORATION, CHANGES IN SOIL WATER STORAGE GROUND WATER AND RUNOFF) IN POTENTIAL FALLOW LAND (HEAVY CLAY MARSH MOOR-MARSH, LOW BOG AND HIGH BOG) HAVE BEEN UNDER INVESTIGATION SINCE 1973 A REPORT IS PRESENTED ON THE RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS ABOUT WATER REGIME IN FALLOW LAND AND AFFORESTED AREAS IN COMPARISON WITH AGRICUTURAL GRASSLAND WITH RESERVATIONS REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF FUTURE SOIL AND VEGETATIONAL' DEVELOPMENTS, AND ASSUMING THAT THE WEATHER WILL FOLLOW ITS NORMAL COURSE IT MAY BE SAID THAT IN LOW-LYING SITES: THE GROUND WATER AMPLITUDE INCREASES UNDER FALLOW LAND. THE LEVEL IS HIGHER IN WINTER AND LOWER IN SUMMER THAN 106 ------- UNDER GRASSLAND. AT THE SAME TIME, THE SOIL MOISTURE IN THE ROOT ZONE UNDER FALLOW LAND, HOWEVER, IS NOT PLACED UNDER SUCH A STRAIN AS UNDER GRASSLAND. FALLOW LAND PRODUCES A HIGHER RATE OF RUNOFF OVER A LONGER PERIOD THAN GRASSLAND DOES. THE WATER REGIME OF THE SOIL AND OF THE AREA CAN BEST BE SUPPORTED THROUGH OLDER AFFORESTATION (ALDER, POPLAR). WATERFOWL POPULATIONS AS RELATED TO HABITAT CHANGES IN BOG WETLANDS OF THE MOOSEHORN NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE. 78-06 00342 FEFER, S. BULL. LIFE SCI AGRIC. EXP. STN., UNIV MAINE, 85, 1977 16PP LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (MAINE COOP WILDL. RES. UNIT, SCH. FOR. RESOUR., UNIV MAINE, ORONO, ME 04473, USA) TYPE- MONOGRAPHIC SERIES NDN- 032-0004-2307-8 THE RESPONSE OF WATERFOWL POPULATIONS TO MARSH MANAGEMENT ON THE MOOSEHORN NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE IN EASTERN MAINE WAS EVALUATED. THE OBJECTIVES WERE TO: (1) ESTIMATE POPULATIONS OF BREEDING WATERFOWL IN 1974 AND 1975 AND COMPARE THESE NUMBERS WITH TRENDS OF THE PAST 30 YEARS AND; (2) TO INTERPRET THESE TRENDS IN RELATION TO VEGETATIVE AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES THAT HAVE OCCURRED. THE LONG-TERM TREND OF BLACK DUCK (ANAS RUBRIPES) NUMBERS ON THE PRIMARY STUDY AREAS WAS DOWNWARD. FLUCTUATING WATER LEVELS, ADVANCED PLANT SUCCESSION AND A DECREASE IN THE NUMBER OF OPEN WATER AREAS WERE FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE DECLINE. BREEDING POPULATIONS OF RING-NECKED DUCKS (AYTHYA COLLARIS) GENERALLY INCREASED IN SEDGE WETLAND BECAUSE OF THE PREFERENCE OF THAT SPECIES TO NEST IN FLOATING SEDGE-BOG MAT WHICH BECAME MORE AVAILABLE TO THE BIRDS DUE TO CHANGES IN WATER LEVELS. BY CONTRAST, RING-NECKED DUCKS DECREASED THROUGHOUT THE PERIOD IN SHRUB WETLAND BECAUSE OF THE ADVERSE EFFECTS OF PLANT SUCCESSION. ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION UPON MICHIGAN WOODLOTS AND WETLANDS: SOIL RELATIONSHIPS. 78-06 35701 MCLEESE, R. WHITESIDE, E. J. ENVIRON. QUAL., 6(4), 467-471 (1977) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (BUR. INDIAN AFFAIRS, MISSION, SD 57555, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0003-9738-1 ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF RECENT HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION ON SOILS, HYDROLOGY, VEGETATION, AND WILDLIFE HAVE BEEN COOPERATIVELY EVALUATED FOR SOME COMMON WOODLAND AND WETLAND TYPES IN CENTRAL LOWER MICHIGAN. A REPORT ON THE SOILS PORTION OF THOSE MICHIGAN DEPARTMENT OF STATE HIGHWAYS-SPONSORED STUDIES FOLLOWS. FIVE WOODLAND AND 5 WETLAND AREAS RESPRESENTATIVE OF COMMON SITUATIONS ENCOUNTERED IN HIGHWAY LOCATION AND PLANNING STUDIES WERE SELECTED FOR ANALYSIS. A SOIL INVENTORY WAS PREPARED FOR EACH AREA AND THE HIGHWAY'S IMPACT ON THE SOILS WAS DETERMINED. THE MOST SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS OF HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION ON THE SOIL ENVIRONMENT WERE THE EROSION OF SOIL MATERIALS AND THE ALTERATION OF NATURAL SOIL DRAINAGE CONDITIONS. WETLAND AREAS ARE MOST SENSITIVE TO HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES. NATURAL SOIL DRAINAGE CONDITIONS AND CIRCULATION PATTERNS ARE EASILY DISRUPTED AT THESE SITES. METHODS FOR PREDICTING POTENTIAL SOIL LOSS AND POTENTIAL CHANGES IN NATURAL SOIL DRAINAGE CONDITIONS DUE TO HIGHWAY CONTRUCTION ACTIVITIES ARE SUGGESTED. THE SOIL MANAGEMENT GROUP AND UNIT DESIGNATIONS USED IN MICHIGAN ARE USEFUL IN MAKING ECOLOGICAL IMPACT PREDICTIONS. A SOIL MAP OF EACH PROPOSED HIGHWAY CORRIDOR OR ALTERNATIVE RIGHT-OF-WAY SHOULD BE AVAILABLE EARLY IN PLANNING OF PROPOSED HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION. THE SOIL MAP CAN BE USEFUL IN PREDICTING CONSTRUCTION IMPACT ON THE ASSOCIATED HYDROLOGY, PLANTS, AND ANIMALS IN THE AREA. THESE, IN TURN, ARE BASIC INFORMATION IN EVALUATING THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED ROUTE ON THE COMMUNITIES INVOLVED. 107 ------- A MODELING APPROACH TO EVALUATE TIDAL WETLANDS 78-04 00084 HILL, D. TRANS. NORTH AM. WILDL. NAT. RESOUR. CONF., 41, 105-118 (1976) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (GRUMMAN ECOSYSTEMS CORP., BETHPAGE, NEW YORK, NY 11714, USA) TYPE- JOURNAL : CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS NDN- 032-0001-9145-9 THE PURPOSE OF FORMULATING A MODEL TO ASSIST IN THE EVALUATION OF WETLANDS IS CONSIDERED DO BE THE PROVISION OF A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK IN WHICH TECHNICAL INFORMATION, ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL DECISIONS ARE ALL GIVEN THEIR PLACE. THE MODEL DESCRIBED, AND ILLUSTRATED WITH A HYPOTHETICAL EXAMPLE, CONSISTS OF A SET OF EQUATIONS WHICH DEFINE THE BIOLOGICAL, PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, AND ECONOMIC BOUNDARIES ON THE POSSIBLE USES OF A WETLAND. THE RESULTS OF THE MODEL REGARDING THE VALUE OF A SALT MARSH MAY BE EXPRESSED IN TERMS OF EITHER THE DOLLAR VALUE OF THE MARSH DETERMINED BY THE EXTENT TO WHICH IT SUPPORTS OR REPLACES OTHER ACTIVITIES IN THE MODEL WHICH HAVE A MARKET VALUE OR THE TOTAL VALUE, INCLUDING INCOMMENSURABLE AND INTANGIBLE VALUES NOT REFLECTED IN THE OTHER ACTIVITIES OF THE MODEL. IN CONCLUSION THE MERITS OF MODELING ARE DISCUSSED AND IT IS NOTED THAT AS LONG AS THERE ARE INTANGIBLE BENEFITS ATTACHED TO THE DECISION TO PRESERVE WETLANDS, A PRIORI ESTIMATES OF THEIR VALUE WILL BE INCOMPLETE. BIOMASS AND PRIMARY PRODUCTION OF RHIZOPHORA APICULATA BL. IN A MANGROVE IN SOUTHERN THAILAND. 78-04 13293 CHRISTENSEN, B. AQUAT. EOT,, 4(1), 43-52 (1978) (FAO REGIONAL OFFICE, PHRA ATIT RD. JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH BANGKOK 2, THAILAND) NDN- 032-OO01-2304-5 AFFILIATION- TYPE- THE BIOMASS OF R.APICULATA WAS MEASURED WITHIN A 25 M 2 SAMPLE PLOT IN A MANGROVE AT PHUKET ISLAND ON THE WEST COAST OF THAILAND. THE TOTAL BIOMASS ABOVE THE GROUND OF THIS 15 YEARS-OLD STAND WAS ESTIMATED TO BE 159 T DRY MATTER/HA. THE ANNUAL INCREMENT IN THE FORM OF TRUNKS, BRANCHES AND PROP ROOTS WAS ESTIMATED TO BE 20 T/HA/YR DURING THE LAST YEAR OF GROWTH. BY MEANS OF A SIMPLE MARKING TECHNIQUE, LEAF TURN-OVER RATE WAS FOUND TO BE 0.7/YR AND LEAF PRODUCTION WAS 6.7 T/HA/YR. BUDS, FLOWERS AND PROPAGULES CONTRIBUTED VERY LITTLE TO ANNUAL PRODUCTION. TOTAL NET PRODUCTION WAS ESTIMATED TO BE 27 T DRY MATTER/HA/YR OR 6.9 G ASH FREE DRY MATTER/M 2/DAY . THE BIOMASS OF PROP ROOTS, TRUNKS, BRANCHES AND LEAVES AS WELL AS LEAF AREAS WERE DETERMINED FOR 1 M HORIZONTAL LEVELS. PROP ROOTS FORMED 39% OF TOTAL BIOMASS ABOVE THE GROUND. UPTAKE, ACCUMULATION, AND LOSS OF NUTRIENTS BY PAPYRUS IN TROPICAL SWAMPS. 78-04 16519 GAUDET, J. ECOLOGY, 58(2), 415-422 (1977) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH AFFILIATION- (DEP. EOT., UNIV. NAIROBI, POB 30197, NAIROBI, KENYA) TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0000-9476-1 ANALYSIS OF PAPYRUS (CYPERUS PAPYRUS) INDICATED THAT N, P, AND K ARE GENERALLY FOUND IN HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS IN JUVENILE STEMS WHILE CA, MG, FE, AND MN ARE FOUND IN HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS IN MATURE STEMS. IRON WAS FOUND TO BE CONCENTRATED IN THE ROOTS, WHILE MN WAS CONCENTRATED IN OLD UMBELS. SILICATE CONTENT INCREASED WITH AGE. POTASSIUM AND NA WERE EASILY ELUTED AND LEACHED FROM STEMS, WHILE OTHER NUTRIENTS REQUIRED MORE TIME. OVER 50% OF ALL 8 ELEMENTS ARE ACCUMULATED PRIOR TO THE ATTAINMENT OF 50% OF THE BIOMASS. THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF NUTRIENTS TAKEN UP AND ACCUMULATED BY PAPYRUS (PER M 2) IS HIGHER THAN MOST OTHER MACROPHYTES, AND THIS SEEMS TO BE DUE TO THE HIGH BIOMASS OF THIS AQUATIC SEDGE. ESTIMATES OF LOSSES DUE TO ELUTION RAIN, AND DECOMPOSITION ACCOUNTED FOR APPROXIMATELY TWO-THIRDS OF THE TOTAL NUTRIENT ACCUMULATED. THE REMAINDER IS ASSUMED TO BE DEPOSITED IN THE SWAMP AS PEAT 108 ------- PHOSPHORUS SORPTION CHARACTERISTICS OF FLOODED SOILS. KHALID, R. PATRICK, W. DELAUNE, R. 78-03 03100 SOIL SCI. SOC. AM. J., 41(2), 305-310 (1977) LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH TYPE- JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH NDN- 032-0000-4270-9 SURFACE SOILS REPRESENTING ALFISOLS AND INCEPTISOLS WERE COLLECTED FROM VARIOUS PARTS OF LOUISIANA UNDER RICE (ORY2A SATIVA) CULTIVATION AND INCUBATED UNDER OXIDIZED (AEROBIC) AND REDUCED (ANAEROBIC) CONDITIONS FOR 2 WK IN A SOIL TO O.01 M CACL 2 SOLUTION RATIO OF 1:5. THE RELEASE OF NATIVE SOIL P AND THE SORPTION OF ADDED INORGANIC P WAS INVESTIGATED UNDER THESE CONDITIONS. THE SOILS SELECTED FOR STUDY WERE CHARACTERIZED FOR CLAY CONTENT, TOTAL CARBON, EXTRACTABLE P, PH, AND OXALATE-EXTRACTABLE FE, SOIL PROPERTIES ASSOCIATED WITH P SORPTION. THE RESULTS SHOW THAT GENERALLY MORE SOIL P WAS RELEASED UNDER REDUCED THAN OXIDIZED CONDITIONS, AND THIS INCREASE IN SOLUBLE P UNDER REDUCED CONDITIONS WAS SIGNIFICANTLY RELATED TO BRAY NO.2 EXTRACTABLE P, CLAY CONTENT, AND OXALATE FE. AT HIGH LEVELS OF ADDED P, MORE P WAS SORBED UNDER REDUCED CONDITIONS THAN UNER OXIDIZED CONDITIONS IN 14 OUT OF 20 SOILS UNDER STUDY. HOWEVER, IN MIDLAND FINE SANDY LOAM ESSENTIALLY ALL OF ADDED P WAS RECOVERED IN THE EQUILIBRIUM SOLUTION UNDER BOTH OXIDIZED AND REDUCED CONDITIONS, SUGGESTING THIS SOIL HAD NO CAPACITY TO SORB P. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN P SORBED AT 500 MG/G ADDED P AND OXALATE-EXTRACTABLE FE WAS DESCRIBED BY FITTING 2 LINEAR CURVES WITH DIFFERENT SLOPES. IN THE REDUCED SOIL SAMPLES THE SLOPE OF REGION I (LE. 3,000 MG FE/G) SUGGESTS THAT 5.4 FE SORBED 1 P AND THAT THIS RATIO DID NOT CHANGE UNTIL ALL OF THE ADDED P WAS SORBED IN THE OXIDIZED SAMPLES THIS RATIO WAS ABOUT 16 FE/1 P FOR REGION KLE.4,500 MG FE/G). THE SLOPES FOR REGION II OF THE LINEAR CURVES FOR BOTH REDUCED AND OXIDIZED SAMPLES WERE ESSENTIALLY ZERO. A CLOSER RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN P SORBED AND OXALATE EXTRACTABLE FE UNDER REDUCED CONDITIONS INDICATES THAT POORLY CRYSTALLINE AND AMORPHOUS OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES OF FE PLAY A PRIMARY ROLE IN P RETENTION BY FLOODED SOILS AND SEDIMENTS. A PROBABLE GREATER SURFACE AREA GENERATED BY THE TRANSFORMATION OF OXYFERRIC HYDROXIDE TO MORE REACTIVE FERROUS COMPOS MAY BE RESPONSIBLE FOR GREATER P SORPTION UNDER REDUCED CONDITIONS. USE OF NATURAL BASIN WETLANDS BY BREEDING WATERFOWL IN NORTH DAKOTA 78-03 05355 KANTRUD, H. STEWART, R. J. WILDL. MANAGE. 41(2), 243-253 JOURNAL ARTICLE: ORIG. RESEARCH 1977 LANGUAGE(S)- ENGLISH NDN- 032-0000-2315-4 TYPE- USE OF BASIN WETLANDS BY BREEDING POPULATIONS OF 12 SPECIES OF WATERFOWL WAS INVESTIGATED IN 1965 AND DURING 1967-69 THROUGHOUT THE PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION OF NORTH DAKOTA. DATA WERE OBTAINED PRIMARILY BY RANDOM SAMPLING TECHNIQUES. OF THE TOTAL POPULATION OCCUPYING NATURAL BASIN WETLANDS 55% OCCUPIED SEASONAL AND 36% OCCUPIED SEMIPERMANENT WETLANDS. SEASONAL WETLANDS CONTAINED 60% OF THE POPULATION OF DABBLING DUCKS, WHILE SEMIPERMANENT WETLANDS SUPPORTED 75% OF THE POPULATION OF DIVING DUCKS. ON BASINS WITH PONDED WATER, HIGHEST CONCENTRATIONS OF BREEDING PAIRS OCCURRED ON TEMPORARY, SEASONAL, AND SEMIPERMANENT WETLANDS; MODERATE CONCENTRATIONS WERE RECORDED ON EPHEMERAL, FEN, AND UNDIFFERENTIATED TILLAGE WETLANDS; AND LOW CONCENTRATIONS OCCURRED ON PERMANENT AND ALKALI WETLANDS. THE PROPORTION OF BASINS THAT RETAINED PONDED WATER HAD A DIRECT BEARING ON THE VALUE OF EACH TYPE OF WETLAND TO BREEDING WATERFOWL. RELATIVE VALUES OF THE MORE INTERMITTENT TYPES OF WETLANDS ARE GREATLY INCREASED DURING YEARS OF AMPLE PRECIPITATION. ------- SUBJECT TERM INDEX ACERACEAE 75 81-O5 60096 AERIAL SURVEYS 10 1396962 AIR-WATER INTERFACE 57 0243114 ALPINE ENVIRONMENTS 66 81-08 89913 AMPHIBIA 96 80-08 84763 ANAS CLYPEATA 102 79-10 O4218 ANAS CRECCA 102 79-10 04218 ANAS DISCORS 102 79-10 04218 ANAS PLATYRHYNCHOS 74 81-05 62745 ANAS STREPERA 74 81-05 62745 ANNUAL VARIATIONS 27 1170048 ANSERIFORMES 74 81-05 62745 AQUATIC BIRDS 86 81-02 00509 AQUATIC BIRDSAVES 43 0866457 AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT 41 0875066 43 0866457 AQUATIC INSECTS 9 1444149 AQUATIC PLANTS 26 1169940 49 0596864 76 81-05 60125 81 81-03 40671 92 80-10 15421 ARACHNIDA 94 SO-10 O4635 ARCIDAE 86 81-02 26150 ARYLAND 105 79-03 34030 ASFA08226PSGAUDE 108 78-04 16519 ASFA08226X 105 79-05 59188 ASFA08362X 109 78-03 05355 ASFA08364PSKANTR 109 78-03 05355 ASFA08381PSGUCIN 105 79-03 34030 ASFA08422PSFEFER 107 78-O6 00342 ASFA08463PSSTEVE 100 80-05 58781 ASFA08464PSBLAIR 100 80-04 47453 ASFA08482X 1O8 78-04 16519 ASFA08503PSMONTG 102 79-O9 02190 ASFA08523X 107 78-O6 00342 108 78-04 00084 ASFA09124PSHILLD 1O8 78-04 00084 ASFA09385PSBLAIR 100 80-04 47453 ASFA09393X 100 80-04 47453 ASSOCIATION 15 1334371 ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS 73 81-05 66497 ASSOCIATIONS (ECOLOGICAL) 73 81-05 66497 92 80-10 15421 ASW, USA, FLORIDA 6 1510760 AUSTRALIA 68 81-07 79891 AUSTRALIA COASTS 1OO 80-05 58781 AUSTRALIA, VICTORIA 68 81-07 79891 S-1 ------- AUSTRIA 66 66 AVES 18 26 50 54 68 80 86 81-08 81 -08 89912 89913 1312144 1 169954 0529143 0360804 81-07 79891 81-03 45538 81-02 00509 BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTION 49 0596563 BIOLOGICAL STRE5SCAREX AOUATIL 49 0596864 BIOLOGICAL SURVEYS 47 0729358 78 81-04 00825 AVESNORTH AMERICA, GREAT LAKES 26 1169982 BIOLOGY 4 1 BIOTIC 26 0875066 FACTORSPISCES 1169940 AVI FAUNA 18 86 1312144 81-02 00509 AYTHYA COLLARIS 107 78-06 00342 BIRDS 68 74 83 98 102 81-07 81-05 81-02 80-06 79-10 79891 62745 37524 63161 04218 AYTHYA FULIGULA 74 81-05 62745 BIVALVIA 86 M-02 26150 BAVARIA 83 BL 81-02 37524 108 78-04 13293 BAY 31 1 124938 BEDEVA BLOSVILLEI 86 81-02 26150 BENTHOS 69 BERA 81-07 78150 88 81-01 BETULACEAE 20356 BLE 100 BOGS 22 75 83 84 93 BOGS. 36 80-04 47453 1192401 81-05 02821 81-02 35494 81-02 31844 80-10 04527 1O31246 90 80-11 07545 BOGSROTATORIA 60 0125507 BIBLIOGRAPHIES 12 136O216 29 1140664 BIOACCUMULATION 78 81-04 52246 102 79-09 02190 108 78-04 16519 BIOCENOSIS 53 0412867 53 0412984 53 0413136 55 0412984 55 0413136 56 0412867 BIOCHEMICAL CYCLE 102 79-09 02190 BIOGENIC MATERIALUSA, FLORIDA 6 1510760 BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLE 80 81-03 49808 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY 80 81-O3 49808 BOOK 2 5 9 14 21 26 26 26 27 36 4 1 46 46 54 BOOKS 44 1636140 1540691 1444149 137 14 10 1192190 1169940 1169954 1169982 1170048 0998953 0875O66 0747063 0747541 0360804 0769138 BOT DEP , DURHAM UNIV , DURH 72 81-06 72831 BOT DEP . K.S. SAKET POST-GR 99 80-06 66313 BOT. DEP , UNIV QUEENSLAND 100 80-05 58781 ------- BOT INST , UNIV. AARHUS, 68 81 81-03 39973 BOURNEMOUTH 14 1371505 BRACHIARIA MUTICA 68 81-07 82623 BRACKISH ENVIRONMENTS 64 81-08 97678 BREEDING COLONIES 86 81-02 00509 BREEDING SITES 86 81-02 00509 109 78-03 05355 BRITAIN 48 0672925 BRITISH ISLES 72 81-06 72831 74 81-05 62745 82 81-03 42699 89 80-12 16656 89 80-12 16657 BRITISH ISLES, ENGLAND, CAMBRI 21 1192394 BRITISH ISLES, ENGLAND, HAMPSH 44 0769138 BROADS 48 0672925 BROMUS ERECTUS 12 1374591 BRYOPHYTA 63 81-08 96196 BURIED SEEDS 25 1169891 CA 34 1062899 CAITHNESS 56 0336240 CAMAGUEY) 54 03608O4 CAMARGUE 79 81-03 49305 94 80-10 04631 CAMBRIDGESHIRE 21 1192394 CANADA 72 81-06 72831 78 81-04 00825 78 81-04 52246 CANADA, ONTARIOCANADA, ONTARIO 9 14-44149 CANADA, ONTARIOEVALUATION 27 117O087 CANADIAN ANAESTHETISTS 57 0251395 57 0251398 CANADIAN TRANSPLANT STUDY 44 0769138 CARBON 25 1 169915 CARBON CYCLE 22 1192401 47 0729672 CARBON/NITROGEN RATIO 40 0887336 CAREX CHORDORRHIZA 10 1422446 CAREX LYNGBYEI 49 0596864 CAREX OBNUPTA 84 81-02 38305 CAREX OLIGOSPERMA 60 0114913 CARICION DAVALLIANAE 92 80-10 15421 CARTOGRAPHY 10 1396962 CATABROS AOUATICASPAIN, CANTAB 12 1360644 CATCHMENT 68 81-07 79891 CELLULOSE 34 1O49415 CENT. WETLANDS, UNIV FLORIDA 98 80-08 00612 CENTRE FOR OVERSEAS PEST 48 0672925 CHAMAEDAPHNE CALYCULATA 60 0114913 87 81-02 28880 CHANGE 1 1648670 CHAROPHYTA 79 81-03 49305 CHECK LISTS 42 0852115 47 0729358 57 0251398 87 81-01 23743 95 80-09 03941 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION 42 0851672 S-3 ------- CHENOPODIACEAE 81 81-03 39973 COASTAL ZONE 73 81-05 00724 CHESAPEAKE BAY CENTER FOR ENV 99 80-05 53381 CHILE 81 81-03 40671 CHILE, VALDIVIA 81 81-03 40671 CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS 63 81-08 94423 CITY 64 CLARE 1 1 81-08 97678 1373937 CLASSIFICATION 27 1170O87 28 1170124 36 0998876 CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS 24 27 33 53 53 53 55 55 56 67 1230576 1170087 1O465O4 0412867 0412984 0413136 O412984 0413136 0412867 81-08 87234 COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT 33 1045596 73 81-05 00724 COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENTANW, US 5 1554593 COASTAL ZONES 3 1603901 COASTS 25 1169891 100 80-05 58781 COEXISTENCE 81 81-03 39799 COLEOPTERA 85 81-O2 31339 COLL. MAR. STUD., UNIV. DELAW 80 81-03 49808 COLLEMBOLA 94 80-1O O4631 COLONIZATION 76 81-04 55269 CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMSCANADA 28 1170124 CLIMATIC CHANGE 95 80-09 08636 CLIMATIC CHANGES 9 1468375 CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM COLUMBIA ESTUARY 84 81-02 38305 COMBUSTION HEAT 40 0887461 COMMERCIAL SPECIES 1O8 78-04 13293 COMMUNITY COMPOSITION CO 48 1 1 65 COAST 100 0708144 1373937 81-08 88601 80-05 58781 9 21 25 26 43 46 58 60 65 67 79 84 89 89 102 144O457 1 19219O 1 169891 1 169982 0825825 0747063 0239069 0125507 81-08 89832 81-08 87234 81-03 49305 81-02 31844 80-12 16656 80-12 16657 79-09 02588 COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS 49 0596864 91 80-11 08232 COASTAL LAGOONS 76 81-04 58152 COASTAL MORPHOLOGY 78 81-04 00825 COASTAL ZONE 18 1311907 61 0112078 COMMUNITY COMPOSITIONINDIA, KA 51 0435625 COMMUNITY COMPOSITIONSWEDEN 50 0529143 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 46 0747063 COMMUNITY STRUCTURE 32 1116899 51 0435625 S-4 ------- COMMUNITY STRUCTURE 58 69 83 83 94 0239069 81-07 78150 81-02 37524 81-02 37681 80-10 04531 COMPARATIVE STUDIES 60 0114913 COMPETITION 69 81-07 78150 COMPLEXES 9 1440457 COMPOSITION 25 1169864 COMPUTER PROGRAMS 27 1170048 CONCER MAGISTER 64 81-08 01230 CONFERENCES 2 1658858 15 1334371 24 1169819 CONIFERS 66 81-08 89913 CONNECTICUT 75 81-05 60096 CONSERVATION 21 1192394 24 1231178 33 1046504 36 0998876 61 0111127 88 81-01 01013 91 80-11 00592 93 80-10 04627 COPENHAGEN HEPATITIS ACTUA 57 0243114 COPENHAGEN HEPATITIS ACUTA 61 0112078 61 0112168 COPEPODA 94 80-1O 04631 COST ANALYSIS 27 1170070 COUNTY 43 0825825 COYPU RES. LAB., MAFF, JUPITE 88 81-01 21194 CRASSOSTREA GIGAS 64 81-08 01230 CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA 64 81-08 01230 CREATOR 98 80-O8 00612 CROCIDURA RUSSULA 43 0826059 CRUSTACEA 82 81-03 42665 94 80-10 04631 CUPRESSACEAE 102 79-09 02588 CUTTING 102 79-09 02588 CYANOPHYTA 85 81-02 30270 CYCLE 75 81-05 63100 CYPERACEAE 68 81-07 82623 71 81-06 75179 81 81-03 39799 84 81-02 37733 84 81-O2 383O5 88 81-01 20356 90 80-11 07545 CYPERUS PAPYRUS 108 78-04 16519 CYPRESS WETLANDS 35 1063463 CYPRINODONTIDAE 63 81-O8 94423 CYTOL. UNIT, DEPT. EOT 58 0228676 CZECHOSLOVAKIA 92 80-10 15421 CZECHOSLOVAKIA, JIZERSKE HORY 46 0747190 CZECHOSLOVAKIA, LIPTOV BASIN 92 80-10 15421 CZECHOSLOVAKIA, TREBON BASIN 40 0887461 CZECHOSLOVAKIAEUROPE, CENTRAL 8 1450761 C3 C4 72 81-06 73191 72 81-O6 73191 DACTYLIS GLOMERATA 12 1374591 DAKOTA 15 1334371 102 79-10 04218 S-5 ------- DAKOTA 109 78-03 05355 DALARNA 1 1668710 DAMS 5 1554593 98 80-08 00612 DATA 1468375 DATA COLLECTIONS 11 1397217 DECAPODA 82 81-03 42665 DECIDUOUS FORESTS 66 81-08 89913 75 81-O5 60096 DECOMPOSITION 32 1068928 41 0911205 41 0911209 62 81-10 08669 DEFINITION 75 81-05 6O096 DEGRADATION 41 0911205 DEGRADATIONNELUMBO LUTEA 41 0911209 DELAWARE R. 99 80-05 53381 DELINEATION 75 81-05 60096 DENDROCHRONOLOGY 9 1468375 DENDRYPHIELLA SALINA 64 81-08 97678 DENMARK 70 81-06 75433 DEP AGRON., UNIV WEST AUST 84 81-02 37733 DEP BIOL. AND BELLE W. BARUC 69 81-07 78334 DEP BIOL. SCI , OLD DOMINION 102 79-09 02588 DEP BIOL. SCI., UNIV. ASTON 64 81-08 97678 DEP BIOL., DALHOUSIE UNIV 83 81-02 37681 DEP BIOL., EMORY UNIV , ATLA 72 81-06 73191 DEP BIOL., RUSSELL STATE COL 96 80-08 85367 DEP BIOL., SAN DIEGO STATE U 89 80-12 11493 DEP BIDL., UNIV SOUTH FLORI 69 81-07 78150 DEP BOT AND GENET., UNIV G 87 81-02 28880 DEP BOT , IOWA STATE UNIV 81 81-03 39799 DEP BOT , ST. JOHN HALL, UNI 68 81-07 82623 DEP BOT , THE UNIVERSITY, SH 89 80-12 16656 89 80-12 16657 DEP BOT , UNIV FLORIDA, GAI 71 81-06 72777 DEP BOT , UNIV MANITOBA, WI 67 81-08 89941 DEP BOT , UNIV NAIROBI, POB 108 78-04 16519 DEP BOT , UNIVERSITY COLLEGE 65 81-08 886O1 DEP BOT , WASHINGTON STATE U 82 81-O3 38731 DEP ECOL., INST BIOL., UNIV 91 80-11 08242 DEP ENVIRON. SCI. AND ENG. 62 81-10 O8669 DEP GEOGR., UNIVERSITY COLLE 76 81-O4 58152 DEP LAND RESOUR. SCI , UNIV 78 81-04 00825 DEP MATH. COMPUT. SCI., INST 100 8O-04 47453 DEP NAT RESOUR., BOX D, HOR 86 81-02 00509 DEP PATHOL., UNIV. KEIL, HOSP 56 0412867 DEP PLANT ECOL., AGRICULT U 71 81-06 75179 DEP PLANT ECOL., UNIV LUND 92 80-11 04641 DEP PLANT PATHOL. AND CROP P 75 81-05 02821 DEP ZOOL., UNIV MALAYA, KUA 88 81-01 20356 DEP ZOOL., UNIV MARYLAND, C 86 81-02 26150 S-6 ------- DEPOSITION g 1440457 DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA 84 81-02 38305 DETRITIVORES 48 0618685 DETRITUS 7 1471302 DETRITUSASELLIUS FORBESI 48 , 0618685 DEVELOPMENT 79 81-03 45648 DGE 23 DIETS 52 86 1199918 0435639 81-02 00509 DIGITAL RECORDS 10 1396962 DIKES DILEMMAS 5 155459; 1554593 DIMENSIONS 52 0409566 DIPTERA 87 81-01 23743 DISTRIBUTION 25 1169864 47 0729358 64 81-08 97678 DIURNAL VARIATIONS 63 81-08 94423 88 80-12 16655 DOMINANT SPECIES 65 81-08 89832 DRAINAGE SYSTEMS 21 1192394 DROUGHT TOLERANCE 39 0949665 81 81-03 39799 DROUGHTS 81 81-03 39799 EAC 53 EAF 29 0412867 1175977 ECOL. RES. LAB., POST-GRAD. 105 79-05 59188 ECOLOGICAL 54 0360804 70 81-06 76637 ECOLOGICAL ASSOCIATIONSGLYCERI 12 1360644 ECOLOGICAL DISTRIBUTION 20 41 43 49 57 60 64 69 84 99 1247459 0875066 0826059 0639052 0251398 0114913 81-O8 97678 81-07 78334 81-02 31844 80-05 53381 ECOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY 48 0618685 ECOLOGICAL EVALUATION 34 1O62899 70 81-06 01313 ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION 1 1648670 31 1124938 46 0747063 55 0424769 56 O336240 ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSIONSPHAGNUMC 44 0800815 ECOLOGICAL ZONATION 18 20 33 95 97 ECOLOGY 28 36 47 82 85 94 94 106 1336858 1247459 1045596 80-09 03941 80-08 88180 1 170124 0998876 0729672 81-03 42665 81-02 31339 80-10 04631 80-10 04635 79-01 02318 ECOLOGYSPHAGNUM 12 1360216 ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE 7 1500708 ECONOMICS 7 1500565 7 1500708 94 80-09 08635 ECOPHYSIOLOGY 12 1374591 52 0409566 56 0409566 ECOSYST CENT., MAR. BIOL. LA 62 81-10 06960 S-7 ------- ECOSYSTEM 15 62 85 90 91 102 ECOSYSTEM 33 34 35 44 45 46 48 63 ECOSYSTEM 8 28 133437 1 81-10 06960 81-02 30270 SO- 11 08231 80-11 08242 79-09 02190 ANALYSIS 1045596 1062899 1063463 0769138 0747038 0747063 0672925 81-08 94587 DISTURBANCE 1471314 1 170198 ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS 15 1334371 36 1031246 92 80-11 00043 EFFECTS 26 26 34 50 52 62 63 67 68 71 81 83 87 87 89 90 91 91 94 96 97 99 102 105 107 107 ON 1 169940 1 169954 1049415 0529143 0409566 81-10 06144 81-08 94423 81-08 89941 81-07 86209 81-06 75179 81-03 39799 81-02 37524 81-01 00456 81-02 28880 80-12 11493 80-11 07545 SO- 11 08232 80-11 08242 8O-10 04635 80-08 87416 80-08 88180 80-05 53381 79-09 02588 79-05 59188 78-06 00342 78-06 35701 ECOSYSTEM 28 DYNAMICSEVALUATION 1170198 ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICSNORTH AMERIC 24 1169819 ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT 105 79-O3 34030 106 79-01 02318 ECOSYSTEM MODELS 73 81-05 67482 90 80-11 08231 91 80-11 08232 ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES 92 80-10 01443 ECOSYSTEM STRUCTURE 92 80-10 01443 ECOSYSTEMS EGYPT, ARAB REP 98 80-08 EGYPT, ARAB.REP 006 1: ASWAN HIGH D 98 EHA 106 80-08 00612 79-01 02318 EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES 59 0226449 105 79-05 59188 EIRE 65 81-08 88601 34 44 72 73 79 81 102 10494 07691 81-06 81-05 81-03 81-03 79-09 15 38 72831 00724 45648 40671 02190 ECOSYSTEMS CENT , MAR. BIOL. 67 81-07 85165 ECOSYSTEMSBRITISH ISLES 48 0672925 ECOSYSTEMSTAXODIUM DISTICHUMUS 35 1063463 EDUCATION 18 1312144 EFFECTS ON 6 1500353 EIRE, CLARE CTY., MULLAGH MORE 11 1373937 EIRE, CLARE, MULLAGH MORE 11 1373937 EISENHOWER CONSORTIUM FOR 48 0699827 ELBE R. 76 81-05 60125 ELEMENTS 70 81-06 01313 ENDANGERED SPECIES 92 80-10 15421 ENERGETICS 72 81-06 73191 ENERGY BALANCE 85 81-02 30270 ENERGY BUDGET 70 81-06 75433 S-8 ------- ENERGY FLOW 51 0485280 62 81-10 06960 72 81-06 73191 85 81-02 30270 104 79-06 64913 ENERGY VALUE 40 0887461 81 81-03 40671 ENGERDAL 4 1560812 ENGINEERING 95 80-09 08636 ENGLAND 14 21 74 82 1371505 1192394 81-05 62745 81-03 42699 ENRICHMENT 35 1063392 ENS 75 81-05 63100 ENT 69 81-07 80234 ENVIRON. LAB., WATERWAYS EXP 86 81-02 31455 98 80-06 63161 ENVIRONMENT 14 14 13714 10 1371505 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT 5 1O 1 1 17 24 29 32 34 39 50 57 76 1554593 1396962 1397217 1336389 1 169819 1 170249 1 1 16457 1062770 0942545 0529143 0251395 81-04 58152 ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES 8 1489245 10 1396962 46 0747541 50 0529272 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 15 19 52 56 65 92 1334695 1312449 0409566 0409566 81-08 88601 80-11 04641 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONSPLATAL 50 0529272 ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION 1 1665671 11 1397217 85 81-02 30577 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS 25 69 70 81 88 100 1 169864 81-07 81-06 81-03 81-01 80-05 80234 76637 39799 21 194 58781 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS 20 1247385 89 8O-12 11493 97 80-08 88180 99 80-05 53381 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 6 32 78 94 95 98 1500292 1068928 81-04 00830 80-09 08635 80-09 08636 80-08 OO612 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTASW, USA 6 1500353 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION 108 78-04 00084 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 80 81-03 45538 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENTUSA , 0 15 1323311 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 14 1371410 48 0699827 ENVIRONMENTAL PERCEPTION 85 81-02 30577 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 3 17 22 36 54 57 91 1603901 1336389 1 199812 1031246 0370624 0251395 80-11 00592 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTIONCANADA 33 1046504 ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS 70 81-06 76637 ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS 10 14 15 41 68 1444439 1371410 132331 1 0875066 81-07 79891 ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYSCASTOR CA 23 1201212 S-9 ------- ENVIRONMENTS 57 0243114 69 81-07 80234 ENVIRONS 47 0729672 ENZYME ACTIVITY 72 81-06 72831 EPE 96 80-08 84763 EPIZOOTIOLOGY 48 0708144 EOUISETUM FLUVIATILEUSA, ALASK 49 0596864 EOUUS 94 8O-10 04635 ERF 104 79-05 59054 ERICACEAE 87 81-02 28880 ERS 81 81-03 40671 ES 69 81-07 78150 ESP 29 1140850 ESTUARIES 84 81-02 38305 92 80-11 00043 ESTUARINE ORGANISMS 69 81-07 80234 ESTUARY 84 81-02 38305 ET 80 81-03 45538 EUROPEAN INFO. CTR. FOR 58 0227092 59 0226449 EUTROPHIC ENVIRONMENTS 74 81-05 62666 85 81-02 31339 EUTROPHICATION 32 1068928 49 0596563 92 80-10 15421 EVERGLADES NATIONAL PARK 101 8O-04 50860 EVOLUTION 36 0998953 EXAMPLE 33 1045596 EXAMPLE 101 80-01 17177 EXECUTIVE ORGAN DEVEVELOPMENT 95 80-09 O8636 EXECUTIVE ORGAN FOR THE DEV 94 80-09 08635 EXPERIENCES 85 81-02 31895 FACTORS AFFECTING 87 81-02 28880 FAD REGIONAL OFFICE, PHRA ATI 108 78-O4 13293 FAUNA 69 81-07 78150 83 81-02 37681 104 79-O6 64913 FEASIBILITY 97 80-O8 04388 FEE 74 81-O5 62794 FEEDING 72 81-06 73191 FEEDING BEHAVIOUR 63 81-08 94423 72 81-O6 73191 FENLAND 98 80-07 010O5 FENS 10 1444439 21 1192394 30 1155963 46 0747541 65 81-08 88601 72 81-06 72831 89 80-12 16657 98 80-07 01005 FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS 87 81-O2 28880 FIL 10 1422446 FILTER FEEDERS 25 1169915 FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 27 1170070 FINKENHUBELWEG 14, CH-3012 BE 80 81-03 45538 FINLAND 88 81-O1 01013 FINLAND, SIIKALAHTI 43 0866457 FIRES 101 80-01 17177 S-10 ------- FISH AND WILDLIFE SERV. 73 81-05 00724 SLIDE FISH. WILDL. DIV., ARTHUR RYL 68 81-07 79891 FISHERY RESOURCES 64 81-08 01230 FLOCKING BEHAVIOUR 100 80-05 58358 FLOOD PLAINS 32 1116457 104 79-05 59054 FLOOD PLAINSUSA, SOUTH CAROLIN 32 1116899 FLOODED SOILS 45 0747038 FLOODING 3 49 1627064 0596864 FLOODPLAINS 78 81-04 00830 FLOODS 1 45 49 1665671 0747038 0596864 FORESTS 23 29 90 91 107 FORKS 15 FRANCE 67 79 79 93 93 94 94 1201 103 1 175977 80-11 08231 80-11 08232 78-06 35701 1334371 81-08 87234 81-03 49305 81-04 53638 80-10 0462S 80-10 04627 80-10 04631 80-10 04635 FRANCE, CAMARGUE 67 81-08 87234 FRANCE, LOIRE R. ESTUARY 19 1247147 FRASER ESTUARY 70 81-06 01313 FRESH WATER 4 1577697 FRESHWATER 99 80-06 66313 FLORA 95 FLORIDA 32 79 80-09 03941 1068928 81-03 45648 FLUVIAL MORPHOLOGY 6 1500353 FOOD AVAILABILITY 52 0436399 FOOD CHAINS 9 1444149 FOOD CONSUMPTION 48 0618685 63 81-08 94423 FOOD SOURCES 48 0618685 FORECASTING 14 1371505 FOREST FLOOR 77 81-04 55297 FOREST SCI. LAB., MONTICELLO 57 0251395 FORESTRY 1 FORESTS 1 1665671 1665671 FRESHWATER ECOLOGY 44 0769138 58 0227092 FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS 51 51 58 91 106 0470152 0485280 0227O92 80-11 08232 79-01 02318 FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMSENCHYTRAE 41 O875O66 FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENT 37 0981771 79 81-03 45648 105 79-05 59188 FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS 4 20 21 48 49 50 71 76 88 97 105 1577697 1247459 1192190 0618685 0596864 0550405 81-06 71540 60125 21 194 04388 81-05 81-O1 80-O8 79-05 59188 FRESHWATER POLLUTION 78 81-04 00830 101 80-04 50860 106 79-01 01391 S-1 1 ------- FRESHWATER WEEDS 105 79-05 59188 FULICA ATRA 74 81-05 62745 FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS 26 1169954 FUNDULUS HETEROCLITUS 63 81-08 94423 FUNGI IMPERFECTI 64 81-08 97678 GIC FUTURE 8O-07 01005 GALLIFORMES 100 80-05 58358 GALLINULE 100 80-05 58358 GAS EXCHANGE 57 0243114 GAS PRODUCTION 44 0786123 GASTROPODA 86 81-02 26150 GCA/TECHNOL. DIV , BEDFORD, M 75 81-O5 6O096 GEOCHEMICAL CYCLE 37 O981771 GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 57 0281716 109 78-03 05355 GEOMORPHOLOGY 28 1170124 78 81-O4 00825 GEORGIA 79 81-03 45648 GEDTHERMAL ENERGY 60 0171204 GEOTHERMAL POWER 30 1140884 GEOTHERMAL SPRINGS 60 0171204 GERMAN DEM. REP 76 81-05 60125 GERMANY 72 74 74 83 GG 56 FED. REP. 81-O6 72831 81-05 62261 81-05 62666 81-02 37524 0336240 36 0998953 GIPPSLAND L. 68 81-07 79891 GLACIAL PERIODS 79 81-03 45648 GLIDING BACTERIA 75 81-05 02821 GLIOLLADIUM ROSEUM 64 81-08 97678 GOMEL STATE UNIV , GOMEL, BYE 85 81-02 30270 GOVERNMENT POLICYUSA 17 1336389 GRADIENTS 20 GRAMINAE 67 68 73 75 77 84 86 90 1247385 81-07 81-07 81-05 81-05 81-04 81 -02 81-02 80-1 1 85165 82623 67482 02821 02465 38305 31455 08230 GRAN 91 8O-11 08242 GRASSLANDS 13 1361321 49 0596563 79 81-04 53638 1O6 78-07 50380 GREAT BAY ESTUARY 66 81-08 89910 GROUND WATER 12 1374754 31 1111704 42 0851672 95 80-O9 08636 GROUNDWATER 77 81-04 55272 78 81-04 00830 GROUPE RECHERCHE SUR LES INSE 87 81-01 23743 GROWTH 49 0596563 GROWTH RATE 71 81-06 75179 GRUMMAN ECOSYSTEMS CORP 108 78-04 00084 BET HABITAT 1 1 1373937 S-12 ------- HABITAT 69 81-07 78150 109 78-03 05355 HABITAT IMPROVEMENT (FERTILIZA 84 81-02 38305 HABITAT LOSS 11 1397217 HABITAT PREFERENCES 10 1422446 94 80-10 04631 100 80-05 58358 HABITAT UTILIZATION 52 0436399 86 81-02 00509 102 79-10 04218 104 79-05 59054 HABITATBRITISH ISLES, ENGLAND 10 1396962 HABITATNORTH AMERICA 15 1334371 HABITATNORTH AMERICA, GREAT LA 26 1169954 HABITATS 71 81-06 75179 72 81-06 73191 84 81-02 37733 HETEROZOSTERA TASMANICA 83 81-02 37681 HISTORICAL ACCOUNT 46 0747541 61 0112168 HISTORICAL ECOLOGY 46 0747541 47 0729358 61 0112168 83 81-02 35494 93 80-10 04626 98 80-07 01005 101 80-01 17177 HISTORY 47 0729358 79 81-03 45648 HLE 36 HMA 24 0978060 1 169819 HOCHSCHULE LUNEBURG, WILSCHEN 74 81-05 62666 HOLLAND MARSH 78 81-04 52246 HOLOCENE EPOCH 79 81-03 45648 HALIMIONE PORTULACOIDES 81 81-03 39973 HALOPHILES 94 80-10 04631 HALOPHYTES 70 81-06 76637 94 80-10 04635 HAMILTON MARSH 99 80-05 53381 HARBOR BRANCH FOUNDATION, INC 102 79-09 02190 HARVEY SOCIETY OF NEW YORK, 50 0550405 HAUTS-MARAIS 36 1031246 HAWAII 68 81-07 82623 HAWAII, KAWAINUI 68 81-07 82623 HEA 98 80-08 00612 HEAVY METALS 78 81-04 52246 102 79-09 02190 HERBACEOUS PLANTS 82 81-03 38731 HOS 93 80-10 04627 HOSTS 96 80-08 84763 HOW 70 81-06 76637 HUMAN IMPACT 28 1170198 46 0747541 71 81-06 71540 83 81-02 35494 88 81-01 21194 HUMAN SETTLEMENTS 83 81-02 35494 HUMIDITY 1450761 HUMMELL KNOWE MOSS 82 81-03 42699 HUQIAO PEOPLE'S COMMUNE 44 0786123 HURRICANES 3 1603901 HYDROGEN SULFIDE 6 1510760 HYDROGRAPHIC SURVEYS 1OO 80-04 47453 S-13 ------- HYDROLOGY 14 1371505 16 1334705 26 1169940 28 117O124 28 1170198 33 1046504 42 0876095 51 0485280 HYDROLOGYCANADA, QUEBEC 23 1201103 HYDROLOGYUSA, NEW JERSEY, PINE 20 1247530 IAL 100 80-05 58781 ICE COVER 25 1169864 ICPAEMC, RIJSWIJK 48 0618685 IDENTIFICATION KEYSARECIDAE 57 0251398 IGH 24 1231178 II 57 0251398 89 80-12 16656 99 80-06 66313 II I 54 0375432 66 81-OS 89912 ILS 37 0981944 IMA 31 IME 56 1 124938 0409566 IMPOUNDMENTS 21 1247613 59 0226449 INCIDENCE 48 0708144 INDIA 99 80-O6 66313 INDIA, JEHLUM R. BASIN 38 0960843 INDIA, KASHMIR, HYGAM 38 O960843 INDICATOR SPECIES 64 81-08 97678 INE, PUGET SOUND 73 81-05 66497 INE, USA, ALASKA 49 0596864 INE, USA, CALIFORNIA 89 80-12 11493 INE, USA, WASHINGTON, COLUMBIA 84 81-02 38305 INE, USA, WASHINGTON, NISOUALL 73 81-05 66497 INE, USA, WASHINGTON, WILLAPA 64 81-08 01230 INLAND WATER ENVIRONMENT 20 1247459 INLAND WATER ENVIRONMENTUSA, N 50 0550405 INSECTA 72 81-06 73191 85 81-02 31339 87 81-01 23743 94 80-10 04631 94 8O-10 O4635 INST. ANGEWANDTE EOT. UNIV 90 80-11 O7545 INST. ANIM. EVOL. MORPHOL. AN 85 81-02 31339 INST. EOT., ABT PALYNOL., ST 66 81-08 89912 INST. EOT., RUE A . -BROUSSONNE 94 80-10 04635 INST. EOT , STERNWARTESTR. 15 66 81-08 89913 INST. ECOL., 4600 SUNSET AVE. 75 81-05 63100 INST. ENVIRON. STUD.. ENVIRON 78 81-04 O0830 INST. ENVIRON. STUD., UNIV W 87 81-01 00456 INST. EXP BIOL. AND ECOL. SA 92 80-10 15421 INST LAND REHAB., UTAH ST UN 59 0208074 INST. PFLANZENOKOL. JUSTUS-LI 81 81-03 40671 INST TERRESTRIAL ECOL., FURZ 104 79-07 71403 INT 64 81-08 97678 INT COMM. PROT. AGAINST 54 0424769 55 0424769 S-14 ------- INTERFACE 75 81-05 60096 INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF 44 0741335 45 0741369 INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE ON 47 0729358 47 0729672 INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONS 69 81-07 78150 82 81-03 42665 INTERSPECIFIC RELATIONSHIPS 23 1200261 69 81-07 78150 INTERTIDAL ENVIRONMENTS 64 81-08 97678 78 81-04 OO825 82 81-03 42665 INTRODUCED SPECIES 23 1200261 INTRODUCTION 89 80-12 16657 INVASIONS 1471314 INVENTORIES 61 0111127 61 0112078 67 81-08 87234 INVENTORIESUSA , MINNESOTA 29 114O850 INVENTORY 61 0111127 INVERTEBRATA 65 81-08 89832 ION 44 O741335 IRL01049P2BEGA1 75 81-05 02821 IRL01049X 69 81-07 80234 IRL01O51P2NITR 69 81-07 80234 IRL01051X 2 1636140 IRL01O55X 97 80-08 04388 IRL01105PCZWETL 97 80-08 04388 IRL01108X 54 0370624 IRL02662P 75 81-05 02821 IRLO2666P 69 81-07 80234 IRL02673P 69 81-07 78334 IRL02675P 85 81-02 30270 IRLO2679X 85 81-02 30270 IRL02862P 48 0708144 IRLO2901P 2 1636140 IRLO2905X 44 0786123 IRL03009PF1 79 81-03 49305 IRL03009PF3 84 81-O2 31844 IRL03009PF9 85 81-O2 30270 IRLO3009PM3 89 80-12 11493 IRL03009X 51 0485280 IRL03010PEDENDS 64 81-08 97678 IRLO3011P999999 100 80-O5 58781 IRLO3012P299999 97 8O-O8 88180 IRL03095X 79 81-03 49305 IRL04001P 18 1336858 23 1201212 IRL04002P 10 1444439 14 1371410 18 1311907 67 81-08 87234 100 80-04 47453 IRL04002X 75 81-O5 60096 81 81-03 39973 90 80-11 08230 IRL04003P 14 1371505 27 1170048 S-15 ------- IRL04003P 47 0729672 71 81-06 71540 73 81-05 67482 90 108 8O-1 1 78-04 IRL04003PF 91 80-11 IRL04003X 78 81-04 87 81-01 08231 00084 08232 00830 00456 IRL04100P 10 23 36 61 1396962 1201103 0998876 01 12168 IRL04102X 106 79-01 01391 IRL04115X 13 1361321 49 0596563 IRL04125P 77 81-04 55297 IRL04125X 23 1201103 IRL04 140X 19 22 IRL04141P 93 IRL04 14 1X 92 IRL04200P 1 1 1 2 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 1 1 12 12 13 13 13 15 15 1246834 1 192401 80-10 04527 80-10 01443 1648670 1665671 1668710 1658848 1627064 1560812 1577697 1579982 1540691 1554593 1500353 1510760 1471237 1471302 1450761 1489245 144O457 1468375 1373901 1374591 1374754 1360749 1361321 1361347 132331 1 1334695 IRL04200P 16 16 16 18 19 19 20 20 20 21 21 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 25 25 26 26 27 28 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 40 40 40 4 1 41 42 42 42 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 49 49 50 1334705 1334727 1336273 1312385 1246834 1312449 1247385 1247459 1247530 1 192190 1247613 1 192401 1 1999 18 1200261 1230576 1231 178 1 169851 1 169864 1 169891 1 169915 1 169940 1 169954 1 170087 1 170124 1 170155 1 170198 1 140850 1 175977 1 140884 1 155963 1 1 1 1704 1 124938 1 135O64 1068928 1 1 16457 1 1 16899 1 1 17007 1045596 1046504 10494 15 1062770 1063392 1063463 0978060 1031246 0981771 0981944 0961891 0887336 0887461 0895501 091 1205 091 1209 0851672 08521 15 0876095 0825825 0741335 0786123 0741369 0747038 0747063 0747190 0720982 0729358 0699827 0596563 0596864 0529143 S-16 ------- IRL04200P 50 51 51 51 53 53 53 54 54 55 55 55 55 56 57 57 58 58 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 65 65 66 72 73 79 88 88 95 96 97 101 IRL04200P27 0550405 0435625 0470152 0485280 0412867 0412984 0413136 0375432 0424769 0412984 0413136 0424769 0336240 0412867 0243114 0281716 0227092 0239069 0226774 0114913 0125507 0111127 0112078 81-10 06144 81-10 06960 81-08 94587 81-08 89832 81-08 93595 81-08 89910 81-O6 72831 81-05 66497 81-04 53638 80-12 16655 81-01 21194 80-09 08636 80-O8 87416 80-O8 04388 80-04 5O860 IRL04200PF25 90 80-11 07545 IRL04200PP 75 81-05 63100 IRL04200P20 62 69 69 85 81-10 81-07 81-07 81-02 08669 78334 80234 30270 IRL04200P21 98 80-06 63161 IRL04200P25 63 65 68 68 74 76 77 80 81 81 81-08 81-08 81-07 81-07 81-05 81-05 81-04 81-03 81-03 81-03 96196 88601 82623 86209 62261 60125 55272 49808 39973 40671 IRL04200P25W 89 80-12 16657 IRL04200P25X 89 80-12 16656 79 84 81-03 81-02 49305 31844 IRL04200P30 71 82 81-06 81-03 72777 42699 IRL04200P36 77 81-04 02465 IRL04200P40 67 71 75 84 84 88 91 92 81-08 81-06 81-05 81-02 81-02 81-01 80-1 1 80-1 1 89941 75179 60096 37733 38305 20356 08242 04641 IRL04200P55 69 81-07 78150 IRL04200P59 72 81-06 73191 IRL04200P68 83 81-02 37681 IRL04200P71 68 81-07 79891 70 81-06 75433 74 81-05 62794 IRL04200X 3 7 7 9 9 10 1 1 14 15 17 17 18 18 18 21 22 22 23 23 24 26 27 27 29 29 30 36 37 38 38 39 44 46 47 1603901 1500565 1500708 1437670 1444149 1444439 1397217 1371410 1334371 1336389 1336742 131 1907 1312144 1336858 1 192394 1 199807 1 199812 1201 103 1201212 1 169819 1 169982 1 170048 1 170070 1 140664 1 170249 1 140899 O998953 0959421 0960843 0964764 0942545 0769138 0747541 0729672 S-17 ------- IRL04200X 48 50 57 58 60 63 64 66 66 67 67 71 72 73 75 76 77 78 78 78 79 79 80 81 82 83 85 85 85 86 86 86 87 87 88 89 90 90 91 91 92 93 100 101 101 0672925 0529272 0251395 0228676 017 1204 81-08 94423 81-08 97678 81-08 89912 81-08 89913 81-07 85165 81-08 87234 81-06 7154O 81-06 73342 81-05 67482 81-05 02821 81-04 55269 81-04 55297 81-04 00825 81-04 00830 81-O4 52246 81-03 00284 81-O3 45648 81-03 45538 81-03 39799 81-03 38731 81-02 37524 81-02 30577 81-02 31339 81-O2 31895 81-02 00509 81-02 26150 81-02 31455 81-01 00456 81-02 28880 81-01 01013 80-12 11493 80-11 08230 8O-11 08231 80-11 O0592 80-11 08232 80-11 00043 80-10 04627 80-04 47453 80-01 00128 80-01 21523 IRL04201P 94 80-10 04635 101 80-01 17177 107 78-06 35701 IRL04201X 92 80-10 01443 93 80-10 04527 IRL04202P 109 78-03 03100 IRL04203.10 99 80-05 53381 IRL04203P 92 80-10 15421 95 80-09 03941 96 80-08 85367 IRL04203P5 100 80-05 58781 IRL04203X 93 80-10 04626 IRL04204P 94 80-10 04631 96 80-08 84763 IRL04204P21 100 80-05 58358 IRL04206P 94 80-09 08635 IRL04210P 12 1360644 78 81-04 00825 IRL04210P25 74 81-05 62666 IRL04210X 2 18 82 IRL04300X 98 1603901 1311907 81-03 42665 80-08 00612 IRL04302P 97 80-08 88180 IRL04303P 99 80-06 66313 IRL04310X 19 32 44 81 88 1246834 1068928 0769138 81-03 4O671 81-01 2O356 IRL04312X 108 78-04 13293 IRL04318P 102 79-10 04218 104 79-05 59054 1O7 78-O6 00342 109 78-03 05355 IRL04320P 19 1247147 IRL04320X 92 80-11 00043 IRL04323X 100 105 1O8 80-05 58781 79-05 59188 78-04 16519 IRL04330X 73 81-05 67482 IRL04403X 105 79-03 34030 106 78-07 50380 106 79-01 02318 107 78-06 00342 IRL04410P 103 79-07 71402 IRL04410X 106 78-07 50380 5-18 ------- IRL04411X 107 78-06 35701 IRL04413X 106 79-01 01391 IRL044 15P 102 104 104 105 105 106 108 108 IRL04415X 102 102 103 104 106 106 107 107 108 109 109 79-09 79-06 79-07 79-03 79-05 78-07 78-04 78-04 79-09 79-10 79-07 79-05 79-01 79-01 78-06 78-06 78-04 78-03 78-03 02588 64913 71403 34030 59188 50380 13293 16519 02190 04218 71402 59O54 01391 02318 00342 35701 00084 03100 05355 IRL04420P 103 79-09 02592 IRL04500X 75 81-05 IRL04600PF 72 81-06 63100 IRL04600P 78 81-04 52246 73342 IRL04601P 102 79-09 02190 IRL04604X 107 78-06 35701 IRL04605P 106 79-01 01391 IRL04620PF 75 81-05 02821 IRL04620X 48 0708144 69 81-07 78334 IRL04623PF 64 81-08 97678 IRL04625P 38 39 IRL04625X 20 45 60 73 74 0960843 0949665 1247385 0747038 01 14913 81-05 66497 81-05 62666 IRL04627PF 89 80-12 1 1493 IRL04S27X 79 81-03 49305 84 81-02 31844 IRL04630P 44 0800815 IRL04630X 12 15 IRL04636P 8 1360216 1334371 1471314 IRL04636PF 67 81-07 85165 86 81-02 31455 IRL04636X 84 81-02 38305 IRL04640P 10 22 57 1422446 1199807 0251398 IRL0464OPF 76 81-04 55269 81 81-03 39799 82 81-03 38731 87 81-02 28880 IRL0464OX 20 1247385 67 81-08 89941 84 81-02 84 37733 81-02 38305 IRL04655PF 86 81-02 26150 IRL04655X 65 81-08 89832 69 81-07 78150 IRL04657P 41 O875066 IRL04659PF 85 81-02 31339 87 81-01 23743 IRL04659X 72 81-06 73191 IRL0466OP 49 IRL04665P 1 1 48 0639052 1373937 O618685 IRL04665PG 82 81-03 42665 IRL04665X 21 1192190 S-19 ------- IRL04668P 5 1542499 IRL04668PF 63 81-08 IRL04G68X 65 83 IRL04671P 26 36 43 45 50 52 52 54 56 58 IRL0467 1PF 83 86 87 81-08 8i 81-02 3' 1 169982 0998953 0866457 0741 341 0529272 0409566 0435639 0360804 0409566 0228676 81-02 3 81-02 0 81-01 0 94423 89832 IRL04700P 101 80-01 21523 IRL04700PF 90 80-11 08230 IRL04700PP 80 81-03 45538 IRL04700X 5 1554593 11 1373901 50 0529143 98 80-05 63161 IRL04705P 3 17 21 57 1627230 1336742 1192394 0251395 IRL04671QF 74 81-05 37524 00509 00456 62745 IRLO4705PF 80 81-03 49740 88 81-01 O1013 91 80-11 00592 IRL04671X 2 9 1 1 18 26 57 1658858 1444 149 1373901 1 312144 1 169954 0281716 IRL04705X 2 22 29 33 46 61 1658858 1 199812 1 140850 1O46504 074754 1 01 1 1 127 IRL04707PFRESHW 106 79-01 02318 IRL04672P 9 1437670 43 0826059 52 0436399 IRL04672X 23 1201212 IRLO4712P 6 1 1 37 46 IRLO4712X 1 28 15O0292 1397217 0959421 074754 1 166567 1 1170198 IRL04680PF 66 81-08 89912 66 81-08 89913 79 81-03 45648 :RL0472OP 93 80-10 04626 IRL04680PF25 83 81-02 IRL04720X 98 80-07 35494 101 80-01 01005 17177 IRL04692P 22 1 199812 IRL04692PF 85 81-02 30577 IRL04700P 3 7 7 17 27 29 30 39 93 1603901 1500565 1500708 1336389 1170070 1170249 1140899 0942545 80-10 04627 IRL04800P 98 80-O8 00612 IRL04800X 97 80-08 04388 101 80-04 50860 IRLO4801P 54 0370624 IRL04801PF 78 IRL04803P 9 59 81-04 00830 1444149 0226449 S-20 ------- IRLO4804P 60 0171204 IRL04902PF 85 81-02 31895 IRL04903P 18 1312144 IRL04907P 2 1658858 15 1334371 24 1169819 IRL04908P 12 1360216 29 1140664 IRL04909P 34 1062899 44 O769138 48 0672925 IRL04909PDIREWE 79 81-03 00284 JRL04909PECOLSU 92 80-10 01443 IRLO4909PESTUWE 92 80-11 00043 IRL04909PFENLIT 98 80-07 01005 IRL04909PLISWAM 101 80-01 00128 IRL05197X 49 0639052 IRL05199X 72 81-06 73191 IRL05205PENERFL 72 81-06 73191 IRL05205PIMPAPR 94 80-10 O4635 IRL05205PSUCCES 85 81-02 31339 IRL05209PANIMCO 94 80-10 04631 IRLO5222P 59 0208074 IRLO5229P122CAN 87 81-01 23743 IRL08202PJ32PUG 64 81-08 97678 IRL08222PSCHUAT 88 81-01 20356 IRL08222X 81 81-03 40671 IRL08222X 95 80-09 03941 IRL08241X 97 80-08 88180 IRL08281PSFRITH 82 81-03 42665 IRL08422X 81 81-03 39799 IRL08442X 65 81-08 89832 69 81-07 78334 IRL08463PHGOSSE 73 81-05 00724 IRL08463PHHEDGP 64 81-08 01230 IRL08463PHMARTI 78 81-04 00825 IRL08463PK93016 99 80-06 00437 IRL08463PSBRITT 67 81-08 87234 IRLO8463PSBURGM 73 81-05 66497 IRL08463PSCORRI 68 81-07 79891 IRL08463PSKITCH 73 81-05 67482 IRL08463PSRUZIC 92 80-10 15421 IRL08463PSSIPPL 95 80-O9 03941 IRL08463PSSMITH 68 81-07 82623 IRL08463PSSUBRA 65 81-O8 89832 IRL08463PSVANDE 81 81-03 39799 IRL08463PSWILSO 69 81-07 78334 IRL08463PSZANIN 97 8O-08 88180 IRL08463X 69 81-07 78150 76 81-04 58152 89 80-12 11493 IRL08464PSSTEUB 81 81-03 40671 IRL08464PSWHEEL 86 81-02 00509 S-21 ------- IRL08481PSVEERK 71 81-O6 75179 IRL08481PSZEDLE 89 80-12 11493 IRL08481X 68 81-07 82623 73 81-05 66497 IRL08482PSGALLA 80 81-03 49808 IRL08482PSKADLE 97 80-08 04388 IRL08482X 71 81-06 71540 IRL08483PSBELLS 69 81-07 78150 IRL08483PSVERME 86 81-02 26150 IRL08501X 97 80-08 04388 IRL08521PJ1OWAN 98 80-O8 00612 IRL08521PJ64TAH 94 80-09 08635 95 80-09 O8636 IRL08521PSLARSO 71 81-06 71540 IRL08521X 73 81-05 O0724 IRL08523PSHOLLI 76 81-O4 58152 IRL08523PSLARSO 80 81-03 49740 IRL08523PSMEIER 80 81-03 45538 IRL08523X 64 81-08 01230 84 81-02 38305 IRL08585PSMCVAY 84 81-02 38305 IRL09124PHGOSSE 73 81-05 00724 IRL09124PHHEDGP 64 81-08 01230 IRL09124PJ64TAH 94 80-09 08635 95 80-09 08636 IRL09127X 64 81-08 01230 IRL09142PSKITCH 73 81-05 67482 IRL09144X 79 81-03 45648 IRL09146X 69 81-07 80234 IRL09148PSPARRI 79 81-03 45648 IRL09171PSBOEDE 68 81-07 86209 IRL09182X 73 81-05 67482 IRL09184PSJONES 69 81-07 80234 IRL09184X 97 80-08 04388 IRL09264X 78 81-04 00825 IRL09271PHMARTI 78 81-04 OO825 IRL09271PSGAROF 62 81-10 06144 IRL09441PJ10WAN 98 80-08 OO612 IRL09441PSKADLE 97 8O-O8 04388 IRL09441X 94 8O-09 08635 95 80-09 08636 IRL09442X 73 81-05 67482 IRL13117PR022 84 81-02 37733 IRL25426P 74 81-05 62745 IRL25456P 100 80-05 58358 IRL25492P 86 81-02 26150 IRL25495P 63 81-08 94423 IRL30514X 2 1636140 ISEW, INDONESIA 86 81-02 26150 ISEW, THAILAND 82 81-03 42665 108 78-04 13293 ISL 55 0412984 S-22 ------- ISLAND 82 ISLANDS 76 81-03 42665 81-04 55269 1ST IT CHIM AGRAR. 98 80-07 VIALE DELLE 75329 ITALY 72 1O63463 81-06 72831 ITALY, CAGLIARI 54 0370624 ITY IV 97 4 66 JAMAICA 17 80-08 04388 1579982 81-08 89913 1336742 JAMES BAY 78 81-O4 00825 JAPAN, HACHIMANTAI MTS. 39 0925339 JONGLEI 94 95 JOURNAL 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 CANAL 80-09 08635 80-O9 08636 ARTICLE 1648670 166567 1 16687 10 1658848 1658858 1603901 1627064 1627230 1560812 1577697 1579982 1542499 1554593 1500292 15O0353 1510760 1471237 1471302 1500565 1500708 1471314 1489245 1437670 1440457 1468375 1396962 1422446 1444439 13739O1 1373937 1397217 JOURNAL 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 20 20 20 21 21 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 29 29 29 30 30 30 31 31 31 32 33 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 37 37 37 38 38 38 39 39 39 40 40 40 41 41 42 42 ARTICLE 1360216 1360644 1374754 1360749 1361321 1361347 1361689 132331 1 1334371 1334695 1334705 1334727 1336273 1336389 1336742 1336749 1311907 1312144 1312385 1336858 1246834 1247147 1312449 1247385 1247459 1247530 1 192394 1247613 1192401 1199807 1 199812 1199918 1200261 1201103 1201212 114O664 1140850 1175977 1140884 1140899 1155963 1111704 1124938 1135064 1068928 1045596 1046504 1078619 1049415 1062770 1024301 0978060 1031246 0959421 0981771 0981944 0960843 0961891 0964764 0925339 0942545 0949665 0887336 0887461 0895501 0911205 0911209 0851672 08521 15 S-23 ------- JOURNAL 42 43 43 43 44 44 44 45 45 46 47 47 47 48 48 48 49 49 49 50 50 50 51 51 51 52 52 52 54 54 54 55 56 56 57 57 57 57 58 58 58 59 59 59 60 60 6O 61 61 61 ARTICLE 0876095 0825825 0826059 0866457 0741335 0786123 0800815 074134 1 074 1369 0747190 0720982 0729358 0729672 0618685 0699827 0708144 0596563 0596864 0639052 0529143 0529272 0550405 O435625 O470152 0485280 0409566 0435639 0436399 0370624 0375432 0424769 0424769 0336240 04O9566 02431 14 0251395 O251398 02817 16 0227092 0228676 0239069 0208074 0226449 0226774 0114913 0125507 0171204 0111127 0112078 0112168 KASHMIR 52 0435639 KATAYAMA CHEM. WORKS, CO. 57 0281716 KAWAINUI MARSH 68 81-07 82623 KERATELLA SERRULATA 60 0125507 KLOKKEWAL 83 81-02 35494 KNOWLEDGE 97 80-08 88180 KUNTH 99 80-05 53381 LAAVIOSUO 42 0876095 LAB. BIOL. ANIM , FAC . SCI . E 94 80-10 04631 LAB. BIOL. VEG. ET DE PHYTOGE 79 81-03 49305 LAB. EOT HIST. ET PALYNOL 93 80-10 04626 LAB. ECON. ET SOCIOL. DU TRAV 93 80-10 O4627 LAB. PALEONTOL., UNIV GENEVE 97 80-08 88180 LABRADOR 44 LAGOONS 79 LAKES 19 20 59 80 88 106 O800815 81-03 45648 1246834 1247385 0226449 81-03 45538 81-01 20356 79-01 01391 JUNCACEAE 72 81-06 73191 JUNCUS ROEMERIANUS 72 81-06 73191 JUNCUS SUBNODULOSUS 22 1199807 LAND CLASSIFICATION 23 1201103 67 81-08 87234 LAND RECLAMATION 106 78-07 50380 LAND RECLAMATIONBRITISH ISLES JUNE 14 1371505 KALMIA POLIFOLIA 87 81-02 28880 KASHMIR 36 51 0978060 O435625 45 LAND USE 6 46 68 85 91 93 0741369 1500292 0747541 81-07 86209 81-02 30577 80-11 08232 80-10 04627 S-24 ------- LANDFORMS 59 0226774 LS 84 81-02 31844 LANDSAT 14 1371410 90 80-11 08230 LEAF LITTER 17 1336749 62 81-10 08669 LEDUM GROENLANDICUM 87 81-02 28880 LEPTOSPERMUM 61 0112168 LEVEL 20 1247385 LICHENS 100 8O-05 58781 LIFE CYCLES 76 81-04 55269 LIFE HISTORY 58 0227092 LIMNOLOGY 32 1O68928 LIPTOV BASIN 92 80-10 15421 LIT 24 1230576 LITTER FALL 77 81-04 55297 LOCHS 56 0336240 LONG TERM CHANGES 67 81-08 87234 LONGSHORE CURRENTS 78 81-04 00825 LOR 72 81-06 72831 LOUISIANA 31 1124938 LOUISIANA COAST 1 1665671 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV., CENT. 73 81-05 00724 LOUISIANA, BARATARIA BASIN 7 1471302 LOWER 38 09S1891 LS 66 81-08 89913 LSC0409566 52 0409566 LSC0412984 53 0412984 LSC0413136 53 0413136 LSC0424769 54 0424769 LSC0435625 51 0435625 LSC0435639 52 0435639 LSC0436399 52 0436399 LSCO470152 51 0470152 LSCO485280 51 048528O LSC0529143 50 0529143 LSC0529272 50 0529272 LSC0550405 50 05504O5 LSC0596563 49 0596563 LSCO596864 49 0596864 LSC0618685 48 0618685 LSC0639052 49 0639052 LSC0672925 48 0672925 LSC0699827 48 0699827 LSC0708144 48 0708144 LSC0720982 47 0720982 LSC0729358 47 0729358 LSC0729672 47 0729672 LSC0741335 44 0741335 S-25 ------- LSC0741341 45 LSC0741369 45 LSC0747038 45 L5C0747063 46 LSC0747190 46 LSC0747541 46 LSC0769138 44 LSC0786123 44 LSC0800815 44 LSC0825825 43 LSC0826059 43 LSC0851672 42 LSC0852115 42 LSC086G457 43 LSC0875066 4 1 LSC0876095 42 LSC0887336 40 L5C0887461 40 LSC0895501 40 LSC0911205 4 1 LSC0911209 41 LSC0925339 39 LSCO942545 39 LSC0949665 39 0741341 0741369 0747038 0747063 0747 190 0747541 0769138 0786123 O800815 0825825 O826059 0851672 08521 15 O866457 0875066 0876095 O887336 0887461 0895501 0911205 0911209 0925339 0942545 O949665 LSC0959421 37 LSC0960843 38 L5C0961891 38 LSC0964764 38 LSC0978060 36 LSC0981771 37 LSC0981944 37 LSC0998876 36 LSC0998953 36 LSC1024301 35 LSC1031246 36 LSC1045596 33 LSC1046504 33 LSC1049415 34 LSC1062770 34 LSC1062899 34 LSC1063392 35 LSC1063463 35 LSC1068928 32 LSC1078619 33 LSC1111704 31 LSC1 1 16457 32 LSC1 1 16899 32 LSC1 1 17007 32 0959421 0960843 0961891 0964764 0978060 0981771 0981944 0998876 0998953 1024301 1031246 1045596 1046504 1049415 1O62770 1062899 1063392 1063463 1068928 1078619 1111704 1116457 1116899 1117007 S-26 ------- LSC1124938 31 1124938 LSC1135064 31 1135064 LSC114O664 29 1140664 LSC1140850 29 1140850 LSC1140884 30 1140884 LSC1140899 30 1140899 LSC1155963 30 1155963 LSC1169819 24 1169819 LSC1169851 25 1169851 LSC1169864 25 1169864 LSC1169891 25 1169891 LSC1169915 25 1169915 LSC1169940 26 1169940 LSC1169954 26 1169954 LSC1 169982 26 1169982 LSC117O048 27 1170048 LSC117O070 27 1170070 LSC117O087 27 1170087 LSC1170124 28 1170124 LSC1170155 28 1170155 LSC1170198 28 1170198 LSC1170249 29 1170249 LSC1 175977 29 1175977 LSC1 192190 21 1192190 LSC1192394 21 1192394 LSC1192401 22 1192401 LSC1199807 22 1199807 LSC1199812 22 1199812 LSC1 199918 23 1199918 LSC1200261 23 1200261 LSC1201103 23 1201103 LSC1201212 23 1201212 LSC1230576 24 1230576 LSC1231 178 24 1231178 LSC1246834 19 1246834 LSC1247147 19 1247147 LSC1247385 20 1247385 LSC1247459 20 1247459 LSC1247530 20 1247530 LSC1247613 21 1247613 LSC1311907 18 1311907 LSC1312144 18 1312144 LSC1312385 18 1312385 LSC1312449 19 1312449 LSC1323311 15 1323311 LSC1334695 15 1334695 LSC1334705 16 1334705 LSC1334727 16 1334727 S-27 ------- LSC1336273 16 LSC1336389 17 LSC1336742 17 LSC1336749 17 LSC1336858 18 LSC1360216 12 L5C136O644 12 LSC1360749 13 LSC1361321 13 LSC1361347 13 LSC1361689 14 LSC13714 10 14 LSC137 15O5 14 LSC1373901 1 1 LSC1373937 1 1 LSC1374591 12 LSC1374754 12 LSC1396962 10 LSC1397217 1 1 LSC1422446 10 LSC1437670 9 LSC144O457 9 LSC1444149 9 LSC 1444439 10 1336273 1336389 1336742 1336749 1336858 1360216 1360644 1360749 1361321 1361347 1361689 137 14 10 1371505 1373901 1373937 1374591 1374754 1396962 1397217 1422446 1437670 1440457 1444149 1444439 LSC1450761 8 L5C1468375 9 L5C1471237 7 LSC1471302 7 LSC1471314 8 LSC1489245 8 LSC1500292 6 L5C1500353 6 LSC1500565 7 LSC1500708 7 LSC1510760 6 LSC1540691 5 LSC1542499 5 LSC1554593 5 LSC156O812 4 LSC1577697 4 LSC1579982 4 LSC1603901 3 LSC1627064 3 LSC1627230 3 LSC1636140 2 LSC1648670 1 LSC1658848 2 LSC1658858 2 1450761 1468375 1471237 1471302 147 1314 1489245 1500292 1500353 1500565 15007O8 1510760 1540691 1542499 1554593 156O812 1577697 1579982 1603901 1627064 1627230 1636140 1648670 1658848 1658858 S-28 ------- LSC1665G71 1 16S5G71 MAN-INDUCED EFFECTSBRITISH ISL 46 0747541 LSC1668710 1 1668710 LUDWIGIA LEPTOCARPA 41 0911209 82 81-03 38731 LYTHRUM SALICARIA 2 1658848 23 1200261 L04 67 MAB 81-08 89941 65 70 70 78 91 93 93 94 94 94 95 81-08 81-06 81-06 81-04 80-1 1 80-10 80-10 80-09 80-10 80-10 80-09 93595 01313 76637 00825 00592 04626 04627 08635 04631 04635 08636 MACRO INVERTEBRATES 65 81-O8 89832 MANAGEMENT 32 32 36 83 90 MANAWATU 100 1116457 1117007 0998876 81-02 37524 80-11 08230 80-05 58358 MANGROVE SWAMPS 82 81-O3 42665 97 80-08 88180 1OO 80-05 58781 102 79-09 02190 MAPPING 10 14 23 MAR 108 1396962 1371410 1201212 78-04 13293 MARINE ENVIRON. BRANCH, MAIL 90 80-11 0823O MARINE ENVIRONMENT 79 81-03 45648 MACROPHYTES 41 0911205 MADONIE MTS. 98 80-07 75329 MAIANTHEMUM CANADENSE 60 0114913 MAINE COOP. WILDL. RES. 107 78-06 OO342 UNIT MALACOSTRACA 82 81-03 42665 MALAYA 88 MALAYA, 88 81-01 20356 TASIK BERA 81-01 20356 MALAYSIA 72 81-06 72831 88 81-01 20356 MALI, NILE R. 1O4 79-05 59054 MAMMALIA 9 MAMMALS 94 1437670 80-10 04635 MAN-INDUCED EFFECTS 28 1170198 30 1140899 MARSH 81 88 MARSHES 1 15 16 16 18 21 24 29 30 32 46 47 48 48 59 63 64 68 74 78 80 81 84 85 88 91 99 105 107 81-03 39799 80-12 16655 1668710 1334371 1334727 1336273 1312385 1 192394 1230576 1 170249 1 140899 1068928 0747063 0729672 0672925 0699827 0226449 81-08 94587 81-08 96235 81-07 82623 81-05 62666 81-04 52246 81-03 49808 81-03 39799 81-02 38305 81-02 30270 80-12 16655 80-11 00592 80-06 66313 79-05 59188 78-06 00342 MARSHESCANADA, NEWFOUNDLAND 16 1334705 S-29 ------- MARSHESNORWAY. ENGERDAL, ASENM 4 1560812 MARSHESUSA, MINNESOTA. LOST RI 10 1444439 MARSHLAND 70 81-06 75433 MARYLAND 95 8O-09 03941 MASS TRANSPORT 5 1540691 MASSACHUSETTS 71 81-06 72777 MATHEMATICAL MODELS 47 0729672 71 81-06 71540 77 81-04 02465 87 81-01 00456 1O8 78-04 00084 MATHEMATICAL MODELSTUNISI A, GA 14 1371505 MAX PLANCK INST LIMNOL. DEP 104 79-06 64913 MEADOWS 46 0747190 77 81-04 55272 MEANDERS 62 81-10 06144 MEASURING DEVICES 57 0243114 MEASURING TECHNIQUES 10 1444439 18 1336858 57 02431 14 MED, TUNISIA, ICHKEUL L. 76 81-04 58152 MEDITERRANEAN REGION 52 0436399 MEIOBENTHOS 21 1192190 MEIOFAUNA 21 1192190 MELALEUCA OUINOUENERVIA 9 1437670 MELT WATER 2 1658848 MESOBROMION 12 1374591 METHANOGENESISBACTERIAUSA , MIN 44 0786123 MEXICO, BAJA CALIFORNIA, BAHIA 33 1045596 MICHIGAN 14 13714 10 MICROBIAL POLLUTION 54 0370624 MICROBIOLOGY 44 0786123 MICROCLIMATE 8 1450761 MICROENVIRONMENTS 22 1192401 MICROHABITATSUSA, ALASKA 22 1192401 MIN. AGRIC., ADM. RECH. AGRON 55 0413136 MINERAL COMPOSITION 38 0960843 MINERALIZATION 12 1374754 MINERALSBIOMASS 38 096O843 MINING 48 0708144 MINIST AGRIC. AND FOR , BUR 88 81-01 01013 MINNESOTA 10 1444439 14 1361689 MIRES 31 11117O4 40 08955O1 46 0747063 46 0747541 89 80-12 16656 101 80-01 21523 MITELLA NUDA 60 0114913 MODELS 25 1169891 58 0227092 73 81-05 67482 90 80-11 08231 91 80-11 O8232 MOLINIA 13 1361321 MOLLUSCA 86 81-02 26150 MOLOTHRUS ATER 33 1078619 MOOR 45 0747038 46 0747063 S-3C ------- MOOR 46 0747541 MORPHOLOGY 62 81-10 06144 MOSE 70 S1-06 75433 MOUNTAINS 46 0747190 66 81-08 89912 66 81-08 89913 MOWING 35 MSL 30 1024301 1155963 MUD FLATS 80 81-03 45538 MUD LAKE BOG 84 81-02 31844 MUDFLATS 78 81-04 00825 MULTIPLE USE OF RESOURCES 64 81-08 01230 MULTISPECTRAL SCANNERS 14 1371410 MUSKOKA 9 1444149 NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE 107 78-06 00342 NATL. RES. COUNC., 100 SUSSEX 78 81-04 52246 NATURAL RESOURCES 76 81-04 58152 NATURAL VEGETATION 19 1247147 103 79-07 71402 1O4 79-06 64913 104 79-07 71403 NATURAL VS. MAN-MADE MARSHES 19 1312449 NATURE CONSERVATION 2 3 1 1 14 17 21 23 29 39 46 76 80 80 1658858 1627230 1373901 1371505 1336742 1192394 1201212 1175977 O942545 0747541 81-04 58152 81-03 45538 81-03 49740 NATURE CONSERVATION 88 81-01 01013 101 80-01 21523 105 79-03 34030 NATURE CONSERVATIONCANADA, 28 1170155 NATURE CONSERVATIONUSA 24 1231178 NATURE RESERVES 57 0251395 64 81-08 96235 74 81-05 62666 81 80-11 00592 93 80-10 O4627 101 80-04 50860 NATZER PLATEAU 66 81-08 89913 NAVAL MED. RES. AND DEVELOP 58 0239069 ONT NDE NE 77 61 81-04 02465 0111127 NEOREGELIA CRUENTA 91 80-11 08242 NESTING BEHAVIOUR 74 81-05 62745 NETHERLANDS 68 81-07 86209 83 81-02 35494 NEW HAMPSHIRE 66 81-08 89910 NEW ZEALAND 100 80-05 58358 NEW ZEALAND, TAUPO 42 0852115 NGS 74 81-05 62745 NICHE PATTERN 18 1312385 NICHES 18 1312385 NIEDERSACH. LANDESAMT BODENFO 106 78-07 50380 NISOUALLY DELTA LAB., 9131 D 73 81-05 66497 NIT 61 NITRATES 32 01 12078 1 117007 S-31 ------- NITRATES 69 81-07 80234 NITRIFICATION 69 81-07 80234 NITRIFYING BACTERIA 69 81-07 80234 80234 NITRITES 69 NITROGEN 12 25 81-07 8 1374754 1 169915 NITROGEN CYCLE 20 1247530 NITROGEN FIXATION 2 1636140 62 81-10 O8669 72 81-O6 72831 NOMENCLATURE COMMITTEE OF THE 54 0370624 54 0375432 NON-LEGUMES 2 1636140 NOORD-HOLLAND 83 81-O2 35494 NORFOLK 88 81-01 21194 NORTH AMERICA, GREAT LAKES 27 1170087 28 1170198 NORTH CAROLINA 77 81-O4 55297 NORTH POINT 78 81-04 00825 NORTH-OSTROBOTHNIA 54 55 NORWAY 72 NSI 85 NTA 70 NTR 48 NUS 18 0424769 0424769 81-06 72831 81-02 30577 81-06 01313 0672925 1312385 NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY 13 1361321 13 1361347 40 O887336 NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY 49 0596563 71 81-06 75179 87 81-02 28880 NUTRIENT BALANCE 65 81-08 93595 72 81-06 72831 NUTRIENT BUDGET 27 1170048 NUTRIENT CONTENT 38 0960843 NUTRIENT CYCLES 5 7 8 25 26 30 32 50 51 70 77 80 97 108 NUTRIENT 25 154069 1 1471302 1489245 1 169915 1 169940 1 140884 1068928 0550405 0485280 81-06 01313 81-04 55297 81-03 49808 80-08 04388 78-04 16519 CYCLESNORTH A 1 169851 NUTRIENT CYCLESNUPHAR LUTEANET 41 O911205 NUTRIENT CYCLESUSA, NEVADA 32 1117007 NUTRIENT DYNAMICS 16 4 1 50 59 90 96 108 1334705 0911205 0550405 0226449 80-11 08231 80-08 87416 78-04 16519 NUTRIENT FLOW 66 81-08 89910 NUTRIENT LOADINGAGELAIUS PHOEN 33 1078619 NUTRIENT LOSS 108 78-04 16519 NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 84 81-02 37733 NUTRIENT SOURCES 34 1049415 77 81-04 55297 NUTRIENT UPTAKE 67 81-07 85165 68 81-07 82623 84 81-02 37733 108 78-04 16519 s-: ------- NUTRIENTS 5 1540691 38 0960843 89 80-12 16657 91 80-11 08232 NUTRIENTS (MINERAL) 16 13347O5 32 1068928 38 0960843 97 80-08 04388 108 78-04 16519 NUTRIENTSUSA, LOUISIANA, BARAT. 7 1471302 NVU 27 1 170070 NYMPHAEACEAE 41 0911205 NYSSA AOUATICA 77 81-04 55297 NYSSACEAE 77 81-04 55297 DC 79 81-04 53638 OCEAN 73 81-05 00724 OCEAN ENG. TECHNOL., ANNE ARU 105 79-03 34030 OCYPODIDAE 82 81-O3 42665 OF 18 1312144 76 81-05 60125 OFICIUL. DE STUD. PEDOL., SI 64 81-08 96235 OHIO 84 81-02 31844 OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION 11 1397217 OKEFENOKEE SWAMP 79 81-03 45648 OLDENBURG 74 81-05 62666 OLIGOTROPHIC BASIN MIRES 42 0851672 OLD 83 81-02 35494 OMS 60 0114913 ONA 23 1201212 ONTARIO 22 1199812 42 0851672 78 81-O4 00825 78 81-04 52246 87 81-02 28880 OPE 48 0699827 101 8O-01 00128 OPU 44 0786123 OR- 83 81-02 37524 ORDINATION 84 81-02 31844 ORGANIC MATTER 41 0911205 ORGANO SOCIETE ITALIANA 48 O708144 ORIGIN 36 0998953 ORNITHOLOGISCHEN 60 0125507 ORNITHOLOGY 36 0998953 ORTHOPTERA 72 81-06 73191 ORY2A SATIVA 2 1636140 75 81-05 02821 77 81-04 02465 1O9 78-03 03100 ORZUNCA-BAI 64 81-08 96235 OSTERFARNEBO 65 81-08 93595 DSTREA LURIDA 64 81-08 01230 OTS 75 81-05 60096 OUSE WASHES 74 81-05 62745 PADDY FIELDS 65 81-08 93595 75 81-05 02821 77 81-04 02465 79 81-03 49305 109 78-03 03100 PALAEARCTIC REGION 79 81-03 00284 PALAEOECOLOGY 66 81-08 89912 S-3: ------- PALAEOECOLOGY 66 81-08 89913 83 81-02 35494 103 79-09 02592 PALEARCTIC 79 81-03 00284 PALEOECOLOGY 1 1668710 30 1155963 PALUDICOLOGY 4 1560812 PALYNOLOGY 4 1577697 39 0925339 93 80-10 04626 PALYNOLOGYUSA, MINNESOTA, MYRT 44 0741335 PEATLANDS 72 81-06 72831 74 81-05 62261 82 81-03 42699 104 79-07 71403 PEATSWITZERLAND 36 1031246 PEHANG 88 81-01 20356 PARASITES 96 80-08 84763 PARASITISM 96 80-08 84763 PARTICLE SIZE 20 1247385 PELTANDRA VIRGINICA 99 80-05 53381 PENNSYLVANIAUSA, PENNSYLVANIA 6 1500292 PERISSODACTYLA 94 80-10 04635 PERSPECTIVE 85 81-02 30577 PESTICIDE RESIDUES 78 81-04 52246 PH EFFECTS 34 1049415 75 81-05 60096 PASSERIFORMES 87 81-01 00456 PATHOGENS 48 PEAT 12 23 37 44 44 60 PEATBOGS 4O 60 PHENOLOGY 31 PHOSPHATE 48 1 135064 0708144 07O8144 1360216 1201103 098177 1 0786123 0800815 0125507 0887461 0125507 PHOSPHATES 71 81-O6 75179 84 81-02 37733 PHOSPHORUS 25 1169915 86 81-02 31455 PHUKET I. 82 81-03 42665 PEATCANADA. ONTARIO 34 1062770 PEATCHEMICAL COMPOSITION 40 0887461 PEATFINLAND 42 0876095 PEATJAPAN, HONSHU, HACHIMANTAI 39 0925339 PHYSICAL LIMNOLOGY 14 137141O PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES 36 0978060 105 79-05 59188 PHYTOSOCIOLOGY PEATLANDS 10 15 39 40 44 59 63 1444439 1334371 0925339 0887461 0786123 0226774 81-08 96196 1 4 12 31 36 44 47 54 76 92 98 103 104 16687 10 1560812 1360644 1 124938 0998876 0741335 0720982 0375432 81-05 60125 80-1 1 04641 80-07 75329 79-07 71402 79-07 71403 PHYTOSOCIOLOGYCLASSIFICATION 9 1440457 S-3- ------- PHYTOSOCIOLOGY FINLAND 54 0424769 PHYTOTOXICITY 22 1199807 PINUS 31 PISCES 5 65 PLAIN 71 1111704 1542499 81-08 89832 81-06 71540 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 45 0747038 PLANT POPULATIONS 7 1471237 9 1440457 9 1468375 15 1334695 19 1312449 20 1247459 20 1247530 PLANT POPULATIONSENVIRONMENTAL 21 1192394 PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA PLANKTON 26 1169940 85 81-02 30270 PLANKTON SURVEYSCLADOCERAINLAN 11 1373937 PLANT COMMUNITIES 2 3 9 12 12 13 13 16 17 19 19 20 21 31 43 46 47 53 53 54 55 55 56 63 65 68 73 74 76 76 77 81 89 89 90 92 94 104 1658848 1627064 1440457 1360644 1374591 1361321 1361347 1336273 1336749 1247147 1312449 1247530 1247613 1 124938 0825825 0747190 0720982 0412867 0412984 0424769 0412984 0424769 0412867 81-08 94587 81-08 88601 81-07 86209 81-05 66497 81-05 62666 81-04 55269 81-05 60125 81-04 55272 81-03 40671 80-12 16656 80-12 16657 80-11 07545 80-10 15421 80-10 04635 79-07 71403 12 PLANTIN 103 PLANTS 9 49 73 96 1374591 79-09 02592 1468375 0596864 81-05 66497 80-08 85367 PLEISTOCENE EPOCH 79 81-03 45648 PM5 89 80-12 11493 PNW, JAMES BAY 78 81-04 00825 PO 45 POCOSINS 30 POL 27 0741341 1 140899 1170087 PLANT COMMUNITIESANW, USA 53 0413136 PLANT COMMUNITIESCANADA 24 1230576 PLANT DEBRIS 34 1049415 POLAR ENVIRONMENTSCANADA, NORT 19 1246834 POLLUTANTS 5 154O691 POLLUTION CONTROL 54 0370624 60 0171204 106 79-01 O1391 POLLUTION EFFECTS 59 0226449 78 81-04 00830 102 79-09 02190 POLLUTION LEVELS 54 0370624 102 79-09 02190 POND 71 PONDS 83 81-06 72777 81-02 37524 S-35 ------- PONKAPOAG POND ?1 81-06 72777 POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS 65 81-08 89832 POPULATION DECLINE 1 1665671 POPULATION DENSITY 45 0741341 58 0228676 69 81-07 78334 87 81-01 O0456 94 80-10 04631 POPULATION DYNAMICS 43 0866457 69 81-O7 78334 POPULATION ESTABLISHMENT 84 81-02 38305 99 80-05 53381 POPULATION LEVELS 5 1542499 43 0826059 70 81-06 75433 POPULATION STATUS 36 0998953 POPULATION STRUCTURE 21 1192394 83 81-02 37681 99 80-05 53381 POPULATION STUDIES 82 81-03 42665 POPULATION STUDIESHYDROLOG1. 9 1468375 POPULATIONS 82 81-03 42665 PORPHYRIO PORPHYRIO 100 8O-O5 58358 POTENTIAL 106 79-01 02318 POTENTIAL USE 23 1201212 POWER PLANTSUSA, MASSACHUSETTS 37 0959421 POWER STATIONS 78 81-04 00830 87 81-01 00456 PRAIRIES 4 1579982 PRECIPITATION 9 1444149 PREDATION 69 81-07 78150 PREDATORY BEHAVIOUR 86 81-02 26150 PREDICTIONS 14 1371505 PRESENTED 65 81-08 93595 74 81-05 62794 PRIMARY PRODUCTION 1 20 30 32 51 51 58 68 7 1 73 89 108 1648670 1247530 1 140884 1068928 0435625 0485280 0239069 81-07 82623 81-06 75179 81-05 66497 80-12 11493 78-04 13293 PRIONODURA', PALUMA VIA TOWN 82 81-O3 42665 PRIPET MARSHES 85 81-02 30270 PROCEEDINGS 41 0875066 PROCESSES 92 80-11 00043 PRODUCTION 104 79-O6 64913 106 78-07 50380 PRODUCTIVITY 31 1135064 35 1024301 PROJECT 94 80-09 08635 PROTECTED AREAS 29 1140850 PROTECTED RESOURCES 29 1140850 PROV 83 81-02 35494 PROVINCES 4 1579982 PSE, TASMANIA 47 0720982 PTERIDIUM AOUILINUM 61 0112168 PTI 86 81-02 26150 PURPLE SWAMP HEN 100 80-05 58358 S-36 ------- QUEBEC 87 81-01 23743 QUISCALUS QUISCALA 33 1078619 RA 51 O470152 RADIATION (I .R. ) REPORT 32 32 32 53 53 53 55 55 56 11 RAL 49 81-03 39973 0596563 RES 67 1116457 1116899 1117007 0412867 0412984 0413136 0412984 0413136 0412867 81-07 85165 RAPTOR GROUP RUG/RIJP, HAREN 51 0485280 RARE SPECIES 47 0729358 RECLAIMED LAND 78 81-04 52246 RECOLONIZATION 80 81-03 45538 RECOMMENDATIONS 30 1140899 RECONSIDERATION 79 81-03 45648 RECREATION SITES 85 81-02 31895 REDUCTION 62 81-10 08669 RESEARCH 64 81-08 01230 RESEARCH PROGRAMMES 93 80-10 04527 94 80-09 08635 RESERVE 63 74 81-08 81-05 94587 62666 REFS. 75 81-05 02821 RESERVOIRS (WATER) 98 8O-08 OO612 RESOURCE ALLOCATION 83 81-02 37681 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT 17 1336389 RESOURCE DEVELOPMENTJAMAICA, 17 1336742 RESOURCE EVALUATION 7 1500565 7 1500708 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT REGENERATION 76 81-04 55269 REGIMES 82 !1-O3 38731 REGNEMARK MOSE 70 81-O6 75433 RELATIONSHIP 20 1247459 77 81-04 55272 84 81-02 37733 92 80-11 04641 RELATIONSHIPS 107 78-06 35701 RELICT ENVIRONMENTS 64 81-08 96235 REMOTE SENSING 14 1371410 18 1311907 38 0964764 75 81-05 60096 90 80-11 08230 100 80-04 47453 7 27 28 32 61 107 108 1500565 1170070 1170155 1116457 0112078 78-06 00342 78-04 00084 RESOURCE SURVEYS 7 1500565 RESOURCES 27 1 170070 REVEGETATION 54 0424769 55 0424769 REVIEW 75 88 REVIEWS 45 45 46 46 51 81-05 81-01 02821 01013 0741369 0747038 0747063 0747541 0470152 S-37 ------- REVIEWS 51 0485280 RHIZOPHORA APICULATA 108 78-04 13293 RIA 34 1O49415 RIPARIAN ENVIRONMENTS 32 1 1 16457 32 1 1 16899 32 1 1 17007 36 0998876 RIVER 35 1024301 RIVER BANKSNORTH AMERICA 32 11 16457 RIVERS 6 85 1500353 81-O2 30270 RIVERSUSA, ARIZONA 36 0998876 RIVERSUSA, MISSISSIPPI R. 29 1140664 RLO 98 RNA 60 ROADS 107 ROADSIDES 80-O6 63161 0125507 78-O6 357O1 1658848 ROLE 48 75 90 ROMANIA 64 ROOTS 45 62 07O8144 81-05 63100 80-11 08230 81-08 96235 0747038 81-10 06144 ROTHAMSTED EXP . STN. 55 O412984 HARPENDE ROYAL ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 54 0360804 RSPB, THE LODGE, SANDY, BEDS. 74 81-O5 62745 RUC 102 79-10 04218 RUDERAL ENVIRONMENTS 8 147 1314 RUNOFF 2 SAGER SEA NATURE RESERVE 74 81-05 62666 SALICORNIA EMERICI 70 81-06 76637 SALICORNIA FRUTICOSA 70 81-06 76637 SALINITY 69 81-07 80234 SALINITY EFFECTS 64 81-08 97678 69 81-07 80234 70 81-06 76637 SALINITY EFFECTSAYTHYA AMERICA 52 0409566 56 0409566 SALINITY TOLERANCE 86 81-02 31455 94 80-10 04631 SALT GLAND 52 0409566 56 0409566 SALT MARSHES 14 15 16 19 19 24 33 34 54 62 63 64 65 66 67 69 69 70 70 72 73 73 73 78 80 81 84 86 89 91 96 103 108 1371505 133437 1 1336273 1247 147 1312449 1231 178 1045596 1049415 0375432 81-10 06960 81-08 94423 81-08 97678 81-08 89832 81-08 89910 81-07 85165 81-07 78150 81-07 78334 81-06 01313 81-06 76637 81-06 73191 81-05 00724 81-05 66497 81-05 67482 81-04 00825 81-03 49808 81-03 39973 81-02 38305 81-02 31455 80-12 11493 80-11 08242 80-08 87416 79-07 71402 78-04 00084 1658848 SALVIA PRATENSIS 12 1374591 SARCODINA 97 80-08 88180 SATELLITE SENSING 18 1311907 S-38 ------- SATELLITES 38 0964764 100 80-04 47453 SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL. LAB., DR 84 81-02 31844 SAXONY 38 0961891 SCH. LIFE HEALTH SCI., ECDL. 63 81-08 94423 SCHRANK 22 1199807 SCI 68 81-07 79891 SCIRPUS CALIFORNICUS 68 81-07 82623 SCIRPUS CYPERINUS 8 1471314 SCIRPUS MARITIMUS 67 81-08 89941 SCOTLAND 56 0336240 SCRAGH BOG 65 81-08 88601 SCO 49 0596864 SE 88 81-01 20356 SEASONAL VARIATIONS 38 0960843 65 81-O8 89832 66 81-08 89910 81 81-O3 39973 88 80-12 16655 SECT. ECO-PHYSIOL. C.E.P.E.-L 70 81-06 76637 SEDIMENT COMPOSITION 23 1199918 38 0960843 SEDIMENT PROPERTIES 20 1247385 SEDIMENTATION 49 0596864 SEDIMENTOLOGY 26 1169940 SEDIMENTS 86 81-02 31455 SEED BANKS 1 1648670 17 1336749 20 1247459 SEEDLINGS 13 1360749 32 1116899 SEICHES 25 1169915 SENSING 90 80-11 08230 SEVERAL 79 81-03 49305 SEWAGE EFFLUENTS 32 1068928 59 0226449 102 79-09 02190 SEWAGETAXODIUM DISTICHUMBIDMAS 35 1063392 SHADE 87 81-02 28880 SHORES 20 1247385 SHORESNORTH AMERICA, GREAT LAK 25 1169891 SHRUBS 4 14 1579982 1361689 SICILY 98 80-07 75329 SIGNIFICANCE 39 0949665 SIMULATIONS 78 81-04 00830 SISS 13 1361321 SITE 103 79-09 02592 SITE SELECTION 74 81-05 62745 SM 41 0911205 SMO 58 0228676 SNOWNORTH AMERICA, GREAT LAKES 25 1169864 SNOWY R. 68 81-07 79891 SOC 103 79-07 71402 SOCIAL ORGANIZATION 100 80-05 58358 SOCIO-ECONOMIC 93 80-10 04627 S-39 ------- SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS 93 80-10 04627 SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS 94 80-09 08635 95 80-09 08636 SPARGANIACEAE 81 81-03 39799 SOIL 68 69 78 81-07 86209 81-07 80234 81-04 52246 SPARGANIUM EURYCARPUM 81 81-03 39799 SPARTINA ALTERNIFLORA 67 81-07 85165 73 81-O5 67482 86 81-02 31455 90 80-11 08230 SOIL CHARACTERISTICS 20 1247385 23 1 1999 18 91 80-11 08242 SOIL CHEMISTRY 75 81-05 60096 1O9 78-03 0310O SOIL FAUNA 94 80-10 04631 94 80-10 04635 107 78-06 35701 SPATIAL 15 DISTRIBUTION 132331 1 SPATIAL VARIATIONS 11 1397217 SPECIAL PROG. RES. & TRAINING 59 0208074 SOIL FERTILITY 72 81-06 73342 SOIL FLORA 107 78-06 35701 SOIL HYDROLOGY 107 78-06 35701 SOIL MICROORGANISMS 69 81-07 80234 75 81-05 02821 SOIL MOISTURE 42 0876095 SPECIES 1 5 1 1 13 13 20 35 50 54 57 57 103 104 COMPOSITION 1648670 1542499 1373937 1361321 1361347 1247530 1024301 0529143 0360804 0251398 0281716 79-07 71402 79-07 71403 SOIL PH 75 81-05 60096 SOIL PROPERTIES 42 0876095 SOIL RES. 8. SURVEY BRANCH 51 SOILS 4 78 0470152 1577697 81-04 00825 SOILS (CALCAREOUS) 89 80-12 16656 SOILS (ORGANIC) 75 81-05 63100 78 81-04 52246 SOUND 7; 81-05 66497 SOUTH CAROLINA 69 81-07 78150 82 81-03 38731 SOUTH SHIELDS MAR. COLL., TYN 74 81-05 62261 SPECIES DIVERSITY 11 1373901 49 0596563 58 0228676 60 0125507 88 81-O1 20356 89 80-12 16656 89 80-12 16657 94 80-10 O4631 SPECIES DIVERSITYCOPEPODABRA2 21 1 192 19O SPECIES RICHNESS 11 1373901 12 1374591 12 1374754 21 1192190 49 0596563 96 80-O8 84763 SPHAGNUM PULCHRICOMA 63 81-08 96196 SPI 54 0424769 SPORE BANKS 4 1577697 SPORESONOCLEA SENSIBILIS 4 1577697 ST 85 81-02 31339 S-40 ------- STANDARDS 101 80-04 50860 STANDING CROP 81 81-03 39973 STANDS 12 1374754 70 81-06 76637 108 78-04 13293 STATES 53 0412867 56 0412867 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 4 1560812 67 81-08 87234 STEMFLDW 77 81-04 55297 STF 94 80-10 04631 STN. BIOL. TOUR DU VALAT, LE 67 81-08 87234 STN. BIOL., TOUR DU VALAT, LE 103 79-07 71402 SUBMERGENCE 1 1665671 SUBTROPICAL ENVIRONMENTS 100 80-05 58781 SUCCESSION 1 1648670 1 1668710 44 0800815 46 0747063 56 0336240 SUCCESSION (ECOLOGICAL) 58 0227092 71 81-06 71540 SUDAN 5 1542499 94 80-09 08635 SUDAN, JONGLEI CANAL 94 8O-O9 08635 95 80-O9 08636 SUDAN, SUDD 5 1542499 SUDD 94 8O-09 08635 STORDALEN 92 80-10 01443 STORM WATER 91 80-11 08232 1O6 79-01 01391 STRANDS 35 1063392 STRATEGIES 22 1199812 STREAM FLOW 32 1116899 STRUCTURE 57 0281716 58 0239069 STUBAIER ALPEN 66 81-08 89912 STUDIES 46 0747063 46 0747541 STUDY 2 1658848 20 1247385 78 81-04 00830 87 81-01 00456 STURNUS VULGARIS 33 1078619 SUB-POLAR ENVIRONMENTS 92 80-10 01443 93 80-10 04527 SUL 57 0251395 SULPHUR 62 81-10 06960 SURFACE WATER 42 0851672 SURVEYS 15 1323311 47 0729358 58 0228676 100 80-04 47453 105 79-03 34030 SURVIVAL 49 O596864 75 81-05 02821 SUSPENDED MATTER 96 80-08 87416 SVINOVOD R. 85 81-02 30270 SW 81 81-03 39799 SWAMP 45 0747038 46 0747063 46 0747541 101 80-01 00128 SWAMPS 7 1471237 7 1471302 34 1049415 S-41 ------- SWAMPS 35 61 62 7 1 79 82 B8 90 91 95 101 108 1063392 01 12168 81-10 08669 81-06 75179 81-03 45648 81-03 38731 81-01 20356 80-11 08231 80- 1 1 O8232 80-O9 03941 80-01 00128 78-04 16519 SWAMPSASW, USA, FLORIDA, APALA 23 1199918 SWAMP5TAXODIUM DIST1CHUM 34 1062899 SWEDEN 1 92 92 16687 1O 80-1O O1443 80-1 1 0464 1 SWEDEN, TORNE R. 35 1024301 SYMPATRIC POPULATIONS 82 81-03 42665 SYMPOSIUM 64 81-08 97678 SYNONYMY 12 1360216 SYNTHESIS 87 81-01 23743 SYSTEM 96 80-O8 87416 SYSTEMS 7 1500708 36 0998876 TARAXACUM OFFICINALE 12 1374591 TASIK BERA 88 81-01 20356 TAUPO 42 0852 1 15 TAXODIACEAE 62 81-10 08669 TAXODIUM DISTICHUM 62 81-10 O8669 TAXONOMY 12 1360216 TE 36 0998S76 TEMPERATURE 69 81-07 80234 TEMPERATURE EFFECTS 7 1471237 69 81-07 80234 82 81-03 38731 82 81-03 42665 TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE 82 81-03 38731 TEMPORAL VARIATIONS 11 1397217 TERRESTRIAL 59 0208O74 TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS 39 0949665 TESTACEA 94 80-10 04631 TETTIGONIIDAE 72 81-06 73191 THAILAND 82 108 81-03 78-04 42665 13293 THALLASIA TESTUDINUM 102 79-09 02190 THERMAL AOUACULTURE 30 1140884 THERMAL POLLUTION 7 1471237 78 81-04 00830 THERMODYNAMICS 26 1 169940 THOMISIDAE 49 0639052 TIDAL EFFECTS 62 81-10 06144 TIDAL FLATS 62 81-10 0614-4 TIDAL RHYTHM 63 81-08 94423 TIDAL WETLANDS 4 5 20 TIDES 63 96 1577697 1554593 1247459 81-08 94423 80-08 87416 TIN 77 81-04 55272 TOKAI REG. FISHERIES RESEARCH 43 0826059 TOPOGRAPHY 10 1444439 ------- TORONTO 78 81-04 52246 TR 61 0112168 TRACE ELEMENTS 80 81-03 49808 102 79-09 02190 TRACE METALS 80 81-03 49808 TRANSPLANTATIONS 84 81-02 38305 TRANSPORT 84 81-02 37733 TREASURES . 57 0251395 TREE-RING STUDIES 9 1468375 TREMATODA 96 80-08 84763 TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE 12 1374591 TRO TYPHAFECES 33 1078619 TYRANNUS TYRANNUS 9 1444149 UNC 38 09647S4 49 0639052 UNCUT-BURNED 102 79-09 02588 UNITED STATES, GULF COASTASW 3 1603901 UNIV. GEORGIA MARINE INST , S 90 80-11 08231 91 80-11 08232 UNIV. HOHENHEIM (05200), POST 63 81-08 96196 UNIV. MARYLAND, GEOGR. DEP 62 81-10 O6144 UNIV. MASSACHUSETTS, AMHERST 80 81-03 49740 UNIV. PERPIGNAN, 66025 PERPIG 96 80-08 84763 UNIV. WISCONSIN, MILWAUKEE, W 99 80-06 OO437 TROPHIC RELATIONS 52 0435639 TROPHIC STATUS 84 81-02 37733 TROPICAL 82 81-03 42665 TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT 2 1636140 TROPICAL ENVIRONMENTS 68 108 TTE TY 47 72 TYPHA 23 81-07 82623 78-04 16519 0729358 81-06 73342 1200261 TYPHA ANGUSTIFOLIAUSA, TEXAS 41 0911209 TYPHA GLAUCA 81 81-03 39799 TYPHA LATIFOLA 2 1658848 TYPHACEAE 81 81-03 39799 UPTAKE 108 78-04 16519 URBAN ENVIRONMENTS 91 80-11 08232 106 79-01 01391 URE 22 USA 1192401 62 64 66 68 69 71 71 73 74 75 77 78 79 82 84 84 86 87 89 90 90 91 95 96 98 81-10 81-08 81-08 81-07 81-07 81-06 81-06 81-05 81-05 81 -05 81-O4 81 -04 81-03 81-03 81-02 81-02 81-02 81-01 80-12 80-1 1 80-1 1 80-1 1 80-09 80-08 80-06 06960 97678 89910 82623 78150 71540 72777 66497 62794 60096 55297 00830 45648 38731 31844 38305 00509 00456 1 1493 08230 08231 08232 03941 87416 63161 S-43 ------- USA 99 80-05 53381 101 80-04 50860 USA, DELAWARE, DELAWARE R. 31 1135064 USA, EAST 9 1468375 USA, FLORIDA 9 1437670 32 1068928 48 0708144 USA, FLORIDA, APALACHICOLA EST 23 1199918 USA, FLORIDA, WALDO 35 1063392 USA, FLDRIDAPHOSPHORUS 59 0226449 USA, GEORGIA, OKEFENOKEE SWAMP 34 1049415 USA, GEORGIA, SAPELO I.COMPARA 34 1049415 USA, GREAT DISMAL SWAMP 102 79-09 02588 USA, GULF COAST 3 16039O1 USA, INDIANAAUTECOLOGY 8 1471314 USA. INTERIOR REGIONUSA 53 0412867 USA, IOWA, EAGLE LAKE 81 81-03 39799 USA, LOUISIANA 7 1500708 USA, LOUISIANA COAST 1 1665671 USA, LOUISIANA, ATCHAFALAYA DE 31 1124938 USA, LOUISIANA, BARATARIA BASI 7 1471302 16 1336273 USA, LOUISIANA, MISSISSIPPI R. 6 1500353 USA, LOUISINA, BARATARIA BASIN 11 1397217 USA, MAINE, MOOSEHORN 107 78-06 00342 USA, MARYLAND 95 80-09 03941 USA, MARYLAND, BLACKWATER NATL 14 137 14 10 USA, MASSACHUSETTS 71 81-06 7154O USA, MASSACHUSETTS, TEWKSBURY 21 1247613 USA, MINNESOTA 14 1361689 USA, NEW JERSEY, DELAWARE R. E 50 055O405 USA, NEW JERSEY, HACKENSACK ME 48 0699827 USA, NEW YORK 33 1078619 USA, NEW YORK, MONTEZUMA NATL. 23 1200261 USA, NORTH ATLANTIC REGION 53 0413136 55 0413136 USA, NORTH DAKOTA 109 78-03 05355 USA, OKEFENOKEE SWAMP 79 81-03 45648 USA. SOUTH ATLANTIC REGIONASW 53 0412984 USA, SOUTH CAROLINA 5 1554593 USA, SOUTH DAKOTA 102 79-10 04218 USA, TEXAS, GALVESTON BAYASW 19 1312449 USA, WISCONSIN 86 81-02 00509 99 80-06 O0437 USSR UT 85 81-02 30270 85 81-02 31339 74 81-05 62794 VAKGROEP PLANTENOECOL. BIOL. 77 81-04 55272 VAKGROEP PLANTENOECOL. EN VAK 68 81-07 86209 VAKGROEP VEGETATIEKD. EOT OE 76 81-04 55269 VALUATION 7 1500708 VAR 62 81-10 08669 67 81-08 89941 VARDSHUS 65 81-08 93595 S-44 ------- VASCULAR PLANTS 13 1360749 16 1336273 20 1247385 20 1247459 35 1024301 39 0949665 45 0747038 VEGETATION 2 1658848 27 1170048 78 81-04 00825 87 81-01 00456 VEGETATION CHANGES 8 1489245 40 O895501 50 O529143 71 81-06 71540 VEGETATION COVER 1 1648670 1 1668710 4 1560812 17 1336749 18 1336858 19 1312449 24 1230576 25 1169864 25 1169891 26 1169982 27 1170O48 33 1045596 36 0998876 36 1031246 37 0959421 40 0887461 40 0895501 44 0741335 54 0375432 58 0227092 59 0226774 60 0114913 95 80-09 03941 99 8O-06 00437 VEGETATION COVERSURVEYS 16 1336273 VEGETATION PATTERNS 1 1668710 2 1658848 3 1627064 4 1560812 4 1579982 10 1422446 15 1334695 16 1334727 16 1336273 17 1336749 18 1312385 18 1336858 19 1312449 30 1155963 31 1124938 34 1062770 36 0998876 36 1031246 38 0961891 42 0851672 42 O852115 44 08OOS15 56 0336240 61 0112168 88 81-01 20356 92 80-11 O4641 VEGETATION SURVEYS 66 66 67 75 89 89 99 103 104 81 -OS 81-08 81-08 81-05 80-12 80-12 80-06 79-07 79-07 89912 89913 87234 60096 16656 16657 66313 71402 71403 VEGETATION 19 VEGETATION 57 VEGETATION 42 VEGETATION 2 VEGETATION 21 VEGETATION 18 VEGETATION 42 VEGETATION 16 COVERANE, FRANCE, L 1247147 COVERAVESSOUTH AFRI 0281716 COVERCANADA, ONTARI 0851672 COVERCOMMUNITY COMP 1658848 COVERENVIRONMENTAL 1247613 COVERJAPAN 1312385 COVERNEW ZEALAND, N 08521 15 COVERSPHAGNUMNORTH 1334727 VEGETATION TYPE 79 81-O4 53638 VEGETATION). 61 0111127 VICTORIA 68 81-07 79891 VIS 79 81-03 45648 VOR 25 1169864 VRIES 13 1361321 WALES 89 80-12 16656 89 80-12 16657 WASHES 74 81-05 62745 WASHINGTON 73 81-05 66497 84 81-02 383O5 S-45 ------- WASHINGTON UNIV., SEATTLE 45 46 46 46 47 0747038 0747063 0747190 0747541 0720982 WASTE WATER 60 0171204 WASTE WATER TREATMENT 97 80-08 04388 WASTEWATER DISCHARGES 59 0226449 WASTEWATER TREATMENT 32 1068928 97 80-08 04388 WATER 81 81-O3 40671 WATER ANALYSIS 60 0114913 WATER BALANCE 12 1374591 WATER CHEMISTRY 42 0851672 59 0226774 60 0114913 WATER COMPOSITION 42 0851672 WATER CONTENT 42 0876095 WATER CONTENTDENMARK 40 0895501 WATER DIVERSION 14 1371505 WATER FLOW 62 81-10 06144 WATER QUALITY 59 0226449 60 01712O4 101 80-04 50860 105 79-05 59188 WATER REGIME 106 78-07 50380 WATER REGIMES 42 0876095 77 81-04 55272 WATER RELATIONS 39 0949665 WATER SALINITY 1 1665671 14 1371505 WATER TABLE 13 1361321 21 1192394 31 11117O4 WATER USE 77 81-04 02465 WATERFOWL 68 81-07 79891 83 81-02 37524 WATERPLANT 76 81-05 60125 WATERSHEDS 32 1117007 WAVE ACTION 20 1247385 WEIGHT LOSS 41 09112O5 WEST 74 79 81-05 62794 81-03 00284 WATER LEVELS 3 13 20 24 25 25 25 26 26 26 28 29 32 32 67 87 1627O64 1360749 1247385 1169819 1169851 1169864 1169891 1169940 1169954 1169982 1170198 1170249 1068928 1116899 81-08 89941 81-01 00456 WEST FRIESLAND 83 81-02 35494 WESTERN SOCIETY OF 49 0596563 49 0596864 WESTERN WASHINGTON RES. AND E 84 81-02 38305 WESTMEATH 65 81-08 88601 WESTWATER RES. CENT., UNIV B 70 81-06 01313 WATER LEVELSINDIA, KASHMIR 36 0978060 WATER LEVELSUSA, WISCONSIN, GR 25 1 169915 WETLAND 17 45 52 1336749 0741369 0436399 WETLAND ECOL. PROGR., BOX 222 65 81-08 89832 S-46 ------- WETLANDS 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 6 7 7 7 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 1 1 1 1 1 1 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 16 17 17 18 19 19 19 20 20 21 21 21 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 25 25 25 26 27 27 28 29 1648670 1665671 1668710 1636140 1658848 1658858 1627064 1627230 1560812 1577697 1579982 1540691 1542499 1554593 15O0353 1471237 1471302 1500565 1450761 1437670 1440457 1444149 1468375 1396962 1422446 1444439 1373901 1373937 1397217 1360216 1360644 1374591 1374754 1360749 1361321 1361347 1371410 1371505 1334371 1334695 1334705 1334727 1336273 1336742 1336749 1312385 1246834 1247 147 1312449 1247385 1247459 1 192190 1 192394 1247613 1 192401 1 199807 1 199812 1 199918 1200261 1201 103 1230576 1 169851 1 169864 1 169915 1 169982 1 170048 1 170070 1 170198 1 140664 WETLANDS 29 29 30 30 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 33 33 34 34 34 35 35 36 36 36 36 37 37 38 38 38 39 39 40 40 40 4 1 4 1 41 42 42 42 43 43 43 44 44 44 44 45 45 46 46 46 47 48 48 48 48 49 50 52 52 54 54 54 54 55 56 56 57 57 57 1 170249 1 175977 1 140884 1 155963 1 1 1 1704 1 124938 1 135064 1068928 1 1 16457 1 1 16899 1 1 17007 1045596 1078619 1049415 1062770 1062899 1024301 1063392 0978060 0998876 0998953 1031246 0959421 0981944 0960843 0961891 0964764 0925339 0949665 0887336 0887461 0895501 0875O66 091 1205 O91 12O9 0851672 08521 15 0876095 0825825 0826059 0866457 0741335 0769138 0786123 0800815 0741369 0747038 0747063 0747190 0747541 0729672 0618685 0672925 0699827 0708144 0596563 0529272 0409566 0436399 0360804 0370624 0375432 0424769 0424769 0336240 0409566 02431 14 0251398 0281716 S-47 ------- WETLANDS 58 59 59 60 60 61 62 62 62 63 63 63 64 64 64 65 65 65 66 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 69 70 70 70 71 7 1 72 72 72 73 73 73 74 74 74 75 75 76 76 76 77 77 77 78 78 78 79 79 79 80 80 81 81 81 82 82 82 83 83 83 84 84 0228676 0226449 0226774 01 14913 0125507 01 12 81-10 81-10 81-10 81 -OS 81-08 81-08 81-08 81-08 81-O8 81-08 81-08 81-08 81-08 81-08 81-08 81-07 81-08 81-07 81-07 81-07 81-07 81-07 81 -06 81-06 81-06 81-06 81-06 81-06 81-06 81-06 81-05 81-05 81-05 81-05 81-05 81-05 81-05 81-O5 81-04 81-O4 81-05 81-04 81-04 81-04 81-04 81-04 81-O4 81-03 81-03 81-04 81-03 81-03 81-03 81-03 81-03 81-03 81-03 81-03 81-02 81-02 81-02 81-02 81-02 168 06144 06960 08669 94423 94587 96196 01230 96235 97678 88601 89832 93595 89910 89912 89913 85165 89941 82623 86209 78150 78334 80234 01313 75433 76637 72777 75179 72831 73191 73342 00724 66497 67482 62261 62666 62745 02821 63100 55269 58152 60125 02465 55272 55297 00825 00830 52246 45648 49305 53638 45538 49808 39799 39973 40671 38731 42665 42699 35494 37524 37681 31844 37733 WETLANDS 84 85 85 85 85 86 86 87 87 87 88 88 88 88 89 89 89 90 90 91 91 91 92 92 92 92 93 93 93 94 94 94 95 95 96 96 96 97 98 98 99 99 99 100 1OO 100 101 101 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 1O4 105 105 106 106 106 107 108 108 109 81-02 81 -02 81-02 81-02 81-02 81-02 81-02 81-01 81-01 81-02 80-12 81-01 81-01 81-01 80-12 8O-12 80-12 80-1 1 80-1 1 80-1 1 80-1 1 8O-1 1 80-10 80-10 80-1 1 8O-1 1 80-10 80-10 80-10 80-09 80-10 80-10 80-09 80-09 80-08 80-08 80-08 80-08 80-07 80-07 80-05 80-06 80-06 80-04 80-05 8O-05 80-01 80-01 80-01 80-04 79-09 79-09 79-07 79-09 79-05 79-06 79-07 79-03 79-05 78-07 79-01 79-01 78-06 78-04 78-04 78-03 38305 30270 30577 31339 31895 26150 31455 00456 23743 28880 16655 01013 20356 21 194 1 1493 16656 16657 07545 08231 00592 08232 08242 01443 15421 00043 O464 1 04527 04626 04627 O8635 0463 1 04635 03941 08636 84763 85367 87416 88180 01005 75329 53381 00437 66313 47453 58358 58781 OO128 17177 21523 50860 02190 02588 71402 02592 59054 64913 71403 34030 59188 50380 01391 02318 35701 13293 16519 03100 WETLANDS ECOSYSTEM RES. 97 80-08 04388 GROUP S-48 ------- WETLANDS PERMIT DIV., WATER R 95 80-09 03941 WETLANDSAVESUSA, NORTH DAKOTA 45 0741341 WETLANDSEPILOBIUM HIRSUTUM 22 1199807 WETLANDSUSA, NORTH CAROLINA 30 1140899 WI 38 44 0961891 0769138 WILDL. BIOL. PROG., UNIV VER 74 81-05 62794 WILDLIFE CONSERVATION 2 1658858 57 0251395 WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 11 1373901 74 81-05 62794 98 80-06 63161 WILLINGNESS TO PAY 7 15007O8 WOODS 90 80-11 07545 WOODY PLANTS 20 1247530 WORKING GROUP OF THE BRITISH 44 WSK 91 XOC 25 YL- 20 YR( 1985) 14 YR1979 . 61 YR1980. 58 61 YR198 1 51 54 57 57 58 59 59 59 60 60 0800815 80-11 00592 1 169851 1247385 1371410 01 1 1 127 0228676 01 12078 0485280 0375432 0251395 0251398 0227092 0208074 0226449 0226774 01 14913 0125507 YR1981 . 60 61 YR1982. 30 49 49 50 51 52 52 53 53 53 54 54 54 55 55 55 56 56 56 57 57 58 YR1983 . 29 30 33 39 44 45 45 46 46 46 47 48 48 48 49 50 50 51 52 YR1984 . 12 12 18 19 21 23 23 23 24 31 33 33 34 35 35 36 36 36 37 38 0171204 01 12168 1 140899 0596864 0639052 0529272 0435625 0409566 0435639 0412867 0412984 0413136 0360804 0370624 O424769 0412984 O413136 O424769 0336240 0409566 0412867 02431 14 0281716 0239O69 1 140850 1 140884 1046504 0949665 0769138 0741369 0747038 0747063 0747190 0747541 0720982 0618685 0672925 0708144 0596563 0529143 0550405 0470152 0436399 136O644 1374591 1312385 1312449 1 192190 1 199918 1200261 1201212 1231 178 1 1 1 1704 1045596 1078619 1062899 1063392 1063463 0978060 0998876 1031246 0959421 0960843 S-49 ------- YR1984 . 38 38 39 39 40 40 40 4 1 42 42 42 43 43 43 44 44 44 45 47 47 48 YR1985 . 3 7 7 8 9 9 10 1 1 12 13 14 18 20 21 22 22 24 24 25 25 25 25 26 26 26 27 27 27 28 28 28 29 29 29 30 31 31 32 32 32 32 34 34 35 36 37 0961891 0964764 0925339 0942545 0887336 0887461 0895501 0875066 0851672 08521 15 0876095 0825825 O826059 0866457 0741335 0786123 0800815 074134 1 0729358 O729672 0699827 1627064 1471237 147 1302 1471314 1437670 1468375 1422446 1373937 1374754 1360749 1361689 13 12 144 1247459 1247613 1 192401 1 199807 1 169819 1230576 1 169851 1 169864 1 16989 1 1 169915 1 169940 1 169954 1 169982 1 170048 1 170O70 1 170087 1 170124 170155 170198 140664 170249 175977 155963 1 124938 1 135O64 1O68928 1 1 16457 1 1 16899 1 1 17007 1049415 1062770 1024301 0998953 0981771 YR1985 . 37 41 41 YR1986 . 2 4 5 6 8 8 9 9 10 10 1 1 1 1 12 13 13 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 22 23 YR 1987 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 YUGOSLAVIA 29 0981944 091 1205 091 1209 1636140 1579982 1542499 1500353 1450761 1489245 1440457 1444149 1396962 1444439 1373901 1397217 1360216 1361321 1361347 1371505 132331 1 133437 1 1334695 1334705 1334727 1336273 1336389 1336742 1336749 131 1907 1336858 1246834 1247 147 1247385 1247530 1 192394 1 199812 1201 103 1648670 166567 1 1668710 1658848 1658858 1603901 1627230 1560812 1577697 154O691 1554593 1500292 1510760 1500565 1500708 1 175977 ZEALAND 70 81-06 75433 20 99 80-06 66313 ZOOGEOGRAPHY 36 0998953 87 81-01 23743 S-50 ------- ZOOL. DEP , UNIV AUCKLAND, P 100 8O-05 58358 ZODL. MUS., UNIVERSITETSPARKE 70 81-06 75433 ZOSTERA MUELLERI 83 81-02 37681 ZOSTERACEAE 83 81-02 37681 063 29 1140664 10X 23 1200261 15-20 9 1444149 1945-1980 11 1397217 1957-1981 40 0895501 29 CANNING MILLS RD., KLEMSCO 104 79-05 59054 450 109 78-03 03100 520 47 0729672 5660 MONTECITO AVE., SANTA RO 64 81-08 01230 59P 52 0435639 8473 IMPERIAL DR., LAUREL, MD 60 0171204 8481 PRESSATH, KOLPINGSTR. 4 83 81-02 37524 S-51 ------- |