Office of Water
(WH-551)
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August 1992
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Office of Water
Office of Science and Technology
Primer
Purpose
The OST Primer is to inform new OST employees, other EPA offices, and outside
agencies of the mission of our program as well as the functions of the OST divisions.
It also provides information to OST employees on office policy and procedures.
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Office of Water
Office of Water Organization Charts
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Office of Water Organization Chart
Policy and
Resources
Management
Office
ia^it^PPWfi'^^^Ji^ffj^P^^J^
I Policy Staff
I Communications Staff
I Budget and Administrative
Management Staff
I Human Resources Staff
Assistant Administrator
for Water
c
I
Deputy Assistant Administrator
Associate Assistant Administrator
Office of
Ground Water
and Drinking
Water
?
%
I
ซ
Ground Water
Protection Division
Enforcement and Program
Implementation Division
Drinking Water
Standards Division
_ Technical Support
Division (Cincinnati)
Office of
Science and
Technology
\
"f&^Ml&'v I'JXi^MmifiSSSi^fSfiV^ifiS^^gSS^^^^^gi'if.i^
Engineering and
Analysis Division
Health and Ecological
Criteria Division
_ Standards and Applied
Science Division
Office of |
Wastewater |
Enforcement and I
Compliance |
Municipal Support Division
' Enforcement Division
Permits Division
Office of
Wetlands,
Oceans and
Watersheds
Oceans and Coastal
Protection Division
Wetlands Division
Assessment and
Watershed Division
Page 1-2
OST Primer
Office of Water Overview
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Office Of Water
Overview
The Office of the Assistant Administrator for Water serves as principal advisor to
the Administrator and provides Agency-wide policy, guidance and direction for
the Agency's water quality, drinking water, ground-water, wetlands protection,
marine and estuarine protection, and other water related programs. The
Assistant Administrator's responsibilities include:
program policy development and evaluation;
environmental and pollution source standards development;
program policy guidance and overview, technical support, and
evaluation of Regional activities;
the conduct of enforcement, compliance and permitting activities
as they relate to drinking water and water programs;
development and implementation of programs for education,
technical assistance and technology transfer;
long-term strategic planning and special studies;
economic and long-term environmental analysis; and
development and implementation of pollution prevention
strategies.
The Office of the Assistant Administrator for Water consists of the following
offices:
Office of Wastewater Enforcement and Compliance
Office of Science and Technology
Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds
Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water
Office of Water Overview OST Primer Page 1-3
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Office of Wastewater Enforcement and
Compliance Organization Chart
Resources
Management and
Evaluation Staff
Municipal
Support Division
State Revolving
Fund Branch
Construction
Grants Branch
Program
Management
Branch
Municipal
Assistance Branch
Municipal
Technology
Branch
Office of Wastewater
Enforcement and
Compliance
Enforcement
Division
Compliance
Information and
Evaluation Branch
Enforcement
Support Branch
Policy
Development
Branch
Permits
Division
Pretreatment and
Multi-Media
Branch
NPDES Program
Branch
Water Quality
and Industrial
Permits Branch I
Page 1-4
OST Primer
Office of Water Overview
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Office Of Wastewater Enforcement And
Compliance
The Office of Wastewater Enforcement and Compliance (OWEC), under the supervision of the
Office Director, is responsible to the Assistant Administrator for Water for directing the
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit, pretreatment, sewage
sludge management, compliance and administrative enforcement programs under the Clean
Water Act (CWA) and the enforcement responsibilities under section 311 of the CWA and
Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA).
The Office of Wastewater Enforcement and Compliance consists of the following offices:
Resources Management and Evaluation Staff
Municipal Support Division
Permits Division
Enforcement Division
Office of Water Overview OST Primer Page 1-5
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Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds
Organization Chart
Policy and
Communications
Staff
Office of Wetlands,
Oceans and
Watersheds
Budget and
Program
Management
Staff
Assessment
and Watershed
Division
Oceans and
Coastal
Protection
Division
Nonpoint Source
Control Branch
Wetlands
Division
Coastal
Technology
Branch
Marine Pollution
Control Branch
Wetlands
Strategies and
State Programs
Branch
Wetlands and
Aquatic Resources I
Regulatory Branch
Coastal
Management
Branch
Page 1-6
OST Primer
Office of Water Overview
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Office Of Wetlands, Oceans And Watersheds
The Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds (OWOW), under the supervision of the Gi//ซje
Director, is responsible to the Assistant Administrator for Water for the protection of the
environment which uses a variety of relevant authorities contained in the Clean Water Act
(CWA); Marine Protection Research, and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA); Ocean Dumping Ban Act
(ODBA); Shore Protection Act (SPA); Marine Plastic Pollution Research and Control Act
(MPPRCA); Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA); and the Coastal Wetlands Planning,
Protection, and Restoration Act (CWPPRA).
The Office of Wetlands, Oceans and Watersheds consists of the following offices:
Budget and Program Management Staff
Policy and Communications Staff
Oceans and Coastal Protection Division
Wetlands Division
Assessment and Watershed Division
Office of Water Overview OST Primer Page 1-7
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Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water
Organization Chart
Resources
Management and
Evaluation Staff
Office of Ground
Water and Drinking
Water
Ground-Water
Protection
Division
Technical and
Regulatory
Analysis Branch
Drinking Water
Standards
Division
State Programs
and Policy
Integration Branch
Enforcement and
Program
Implementation
Division
Regulation
Management
Branch
Drinking Water
Technology Branch
Technical Support
Division
(Cincinnati, Ohio)
Drinking Water
Branch
Enforcement
Branch
Water Supply
Technology Branch
Drinking Water
Quality Assessment
Branch
Source Assessment
and Information
Management Branch
Underground
Injection Control
Branch
Page 1-8
OST Primer
Office of Water Overview
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Office Of Ground Water And Drinking Water
The Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (OGWDW), under the supervision of the 0;\
Director, has national program management responsibility for the 1986 Amendments to the
Safe Drinking Water Act (SOWA), Including the Ground-Water Protection, Public Water Supply
Supervision (PWSS), and the Underground Injection Control (UIC) programs.
The Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water consists of the following offices:
Resources Management and Evaluation Staff
Ground-Water Protection Division
Enforcement and Program Implementation Division
Drinking Water Standards Division
Technical Support Division - Cincinnati
Office of Water Overview OST Primer Page 1-9
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Office of Science and Technology
Organization Chart
Policy and
Communications
Staff
Office of Science
and Technology
Budget and
Program
Management
Staff
Engineering
and Analysis
Division
Commodities
Branch
Chemicals Branch
Energy Branch
Metals Branch
Economic and
Statistical Analysis
Branch
Health and
Ecological
Criteria Division
Human Risk
Assessment
Branch
Sludge Risk
Assessment
Branch
Ecological Risk
Assessment
Branch
Standards and
Applied Science
Division
Water Quality
Standards Branch
Risk Assessment
and Management
Branch
Ll.,
Exposure
Assessment
Branch
Page 1-10
OST Primer
Office of Water Overview
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Office Of Science And Technology
The Office of Science and Technology (OST) is responsible for developing sound,
scientifically defensible standards, criteria, advisories, and effluent guidelines, effluent
limitation and standards guidelines under the Clean Water Act and the Safe Drinking Water
Act. OST is also responsible for developing risk assessment methodologies and for providing
risk assessment support for the Office of Water. These products articulate the goals and
provides the regulatory framework for restoring and maintaining the biological, chemical and
physical integrity of the nation's water resources; for protecting the nation's public water
supplies; and for achieving technology-based pollution control requirements in support of:
point source (end of pipe) discharge programs
nonpoint source programs
wetlands programs
drinking water programs
dredge material management programs
geographic-specific programs (e.g., Great Lakes, coastal,
estuaries)
The Office of Science and Technology consists of the following offices:
Engineering and Analysis Division
Health and Ecological Criteria Division
Standards and Applied Science Division
Policy and Communications Staff
Budget and Program Management Staff
Office of Water Overview OST Primer Page 1-11
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Budget and Program Management Staff
The Budget and Program Management Staff (BPMS) is responsible tor coordinating all issues
relating to:
Strategic Planning
Compliance with the Federal Managers' Financial Integrity Act
(FMFIA)
Budget Formulation
Budget Execution
Human Resources Management
Strategic Targeted Activities for Results System (STARS)
Annual Operating Guidance
Quarterly Management Reviews
Budget and Program Management Staff OST Primer Page 2-1
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Policy and Communications Staff
The Policy and Communications Staff (PCS) is responsible for OST-wide program
administration in the following areas:
Coordination of information management activities
Planning
System Development
Policy, guidance, development, and expert assistance
Data Management Policy
Hardware/Software
Training
Policy and Communications Staff OST Primer Page 3-1
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Engineering and Analysis Division
Thomas O'Farrell, Director 260-7120
Barbara Elkus, Deputy Director 260-7120
Mission
To develop sound, legally defensible effluent guidelines, limitations and
standards for industries discharging wastewater directly to surface water or
indirectly to publicly owned treatment works (POTWs); to provide economic,
statistical and wastewater sampling and analysis; and to provide engineering,
technology and water analytical methods information to support Agency
programs, the public and foreign governments under bilateral agreements.
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Engineering
Jentifies appropriate wastewater treatment technology, and publishes industrial effluent
guidelines, Conducts economic and statistical studies and analysis. Performs wastewater
pollutant identification analyses.
Analytical
Methods Staff
Consumer
Commodities
Branch
Energy Branch
Chemical
Industry Branch
Economic and
Statistical
Analysis Branch
Engineering and
Analysis
Division
Provides analytical services support
Develops analytical methods for detection of pollutants in wastewaters
Provides effluent guidelines for pulp and paper, leather, foundries,
textiles, timber, painting, hazardous waste treaters, laundries, hospitals
Provides technical assistance to permitting authorities
Provides effluent guidelines for mining; metals manufacturing; metals
finishing; plating and painting; manufacture of specialty products, such
as battery manufacturing and photographies
Provides technical assistance to permitting authorities
Provides effluent guidelines for organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals,
oil and gas, soaps and adhesives, pesticides manufacturing
Provides technical assistance to permitting authorities
Conducts economic and statistical analyses and studies
Prepare economic impact and regulatory analyses to identify national,
regional, and international impacts and benefits of regulations developed
by Office of Water.
Develops statistical sampling and survey schemes.
The Engineering and Analysis Division's goal is to provide national
technology-based effluent limitations for industrial facilities discharging
directly into the Nation's waters and pretreatment standards for
industries discharging into municipal treatment facilities.
Consumer Commodities, Energy Industry, Chemicals Industry, Economic
and Statistical Analysis and the Analytical Methods branches comprise
the Division. The Consumer Commodities Branch develops effluent
limitations and standards for pulp and paper, leather, textiles, timber, and
similar types of industries. The Chemicals Branch develops effluent
guidelines for organic chemicals manufacturing, plastics, waste
treatment, and all industrial categories involving metals, including
battery manufacturing and photographies. The Energy Branch develops
effluent guidelines for inorganic chemicals, oil and gas, and pesticides
manufacturing. The Economic and Statistical Analysis Branch conducts
economic studies and analyses and prepares economic impact and
regulatory analyses to identify national, regional and international affects
and benefits of regulations developed by the Office of Water. Effluent
Page 4-2
OST Primer
Engineering and Analysis Division
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Effluent
Guidelines
Development
Guidelines
Revisions
Schedule
guidelines provide a means of regulating pollution, through discharge
permits, that is founded on technology to treat wastewaters. The
Analytical Methods Staff conducts wastewater sampling analysis, init
development of analytical methods for detection of pollutants in
wastewater, sludge sediment, and other media, revising existing methods
and developing wastewater treatment regulations.
The Division responds to statutory mandates and judicial orders to
establish national technology-based limitations and standards to control
or eliminate the discharge of toxic pollutants from industrial sources into
waterways and publicly owned treatment works. The highest level of
technology economically achievable and technically feasible, in an
industrial category, is the basis of effluent guideline. An industrial
category includes all applicable subcategories, e.g., Iron and Steel
Manufacturing Point Source Category with the subcategories of
ironmaking and steelmaking. Effluent guidelines are easily adapted to
permits to regulate a point source pollutant discharge.
Effluent guidelines involve engineering and economic studies,
wastewater characteristics, treatment options, and economic effects of
potential regulations upon the affected parties. This process includes
examining industrial processes, products, raw materials, byproducts,
affects on other media, age of equipment, size of industry, performance,
costs, and economic and environmental effects.
Proposed regulations, published for public comment, include the
selection of viable treatment options. Often there is litigation following
the promulgation of final guidelines. The Division provides technical
information for the development of litigation responses and legal briefs,
maintains administrative and Court records, and prepares affidavits. The
Division provides technical assistance to permitting authorities for the
implementation of the guidelines in the form of technical workshops
and specific consultation. It is a center of excellence for information on
particular pollutants.
Amendments to the Clean Water Act in 1987 required EPA to publish its
plans to review and revise existing effluent guidelines and promulgate
new guidelines for dischargers of toxic and non- conventional pollutants.
In addition, the Act required EPA to identify categories of industrial
sources discharging toxic or nonconventional pollutants for which
guidelines have not been published previously and establish a schedule
for their issuance. Treatment technologies have advanced since some
guidelines initially were published and these need to be brought up to
date. The Agency has entered into a Consent Decree that addresses the
following industries: Petroleum Refining; Metal Finishing; Iron and
Steel Manufacturing; Inorganic Chemicals; Leather Tanning; Coal
Mining; Onshore/Stripper Oil and Gas Extraction, and Textile Mills
(three additional categories to be determined).
Engineering and Analysis Division
OST Primer
Page 4-3
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Analytical
"ซjpport
Water Quality
Act Challenges
An essential element in the effluent guidelines program is the ability to
analyze for hundreds of toxic and non- conventional pollutants in a wide
variety of complex waste streams. This analysis is necessary to provide
regulators and control authorities with reliable and accessible data. To
accomplish this task, the Division operates a sample control center that
provides essential functions for a data base, including quality assurance
and quality control for thousands of samples analyzed annually. It
compiles and updates a compendium of all Agency methods for over
1700 compounds, which is called the Environmental Monitoring
Methods Index. This compendium of substances of environmental
concern provides identifying features and appropriate analytical methods
for each listed chemical. An annual symposium on analysis of pollutants
in the environment is sponsored by the Division for regulators where
the most current analytical methods developed through EPA research are
discussed by experts. The Division publishes five or six user oriented
analytical methods documents for distribution in Agency-sponsored
work- shops and in widely attended environmental conferences, such as
the national Water Pollution Control Federation conference and exhibit.
Promulgate effluent guidelines for sources discharging toxic or non-
conventional pollutants when guidelines previously have not been
published.
Review and revise existing effluent guidelines on a continuing basis.
Organics, Chemicals, Plastics and Synthetic Fibers
Pesticides Manufacturers, Packagers, and Pesticide Formulators
Guidelines
Offshore and Coastal Oil and Gas Extraction Guidelines
Machinery Manufacturing and Rebuilding
Hazardous Waste Treatment
Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard Manufacturing Guidelines
Pharmaceuticals
Litigation support
Revision of existing guidelines
Effluent guidelines for 58 industrial categories have been promulgated including 30 for Best
Practicable Treatment and 28 for Best Available Treatment
urrent
ctivities*
Page 4-4
OST Primer
Engineering and Analysis Division
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Director 260-7120
Director 260-7120
Analytical Methods Staff
William Telliard, Director
& Statistical
Analysis Branch
Nilesh Patel, Chief
Commodities Branch
Donald Anderson, Chief
Pulp and Paper Methods
Studies
ซ Pesticide Method Studies
Permit Effluent Toxicity Studies
ซ Industry Sampling and
Analytical Support
EMMC Environmental
Methods Management
ฎ List of Lists update
Environmental Monitoring
Methods Index (EMMI)
Laboratory Quality Assurance
Audits
Water Analytical Methods
Development
Sample Control Center
Coordinate for Toxic Release
Inventory System
Energy Branch
Marvin Rubin, Chief
Effluent Guidelines
ซ Pesticides Manufacturers
ซ Pesticides
Formulators/Packagers
Offshore Oil and Gas
Coastal Oil and Gas
Petroleum Refining Industry
Study
Ousters
Oil and Gas
ซ Petroleum refining
Quittance Manual
OCPSF Effluent Guidelines
Caribbean Initiative
UN Liaison
ซ Revisions to WQS Regulation
o Toxics Rule
Great Lakes Initiative
lions
Clean Water Act
Nonpoint Source
Management Measures?
Coastal (joint with 0WQW)
Industrial Pollution
Prevention Project
OST (HECDj Risk
Assessment Guidance
OST (HECDj Maximum
Concentration Level Goa!
Economic/Policy Consulting
Activities
ซ Effluent guidelines for
Pharmaceuticals and pulp and
paper industries according to
304(m) schedules
ซ Technical assistance to
regions, states, and POTWs
ป International coordination with
other governments (e.g.,
Canada, Sweden, Germany)
Chemicals/Metals Branch
El wood Forsht, Chief
Effluent Guidelines
9 Combined waste treaters
Phase I
ซ Machinery Manufacturing and
Rebuilding, Phase I
Fundamentally different factors7
variance support
Bilateral exchange agreement
with Russia
Regional, State and municipal
support
Engineering and Analysis Division
OST Primer
Page 4-5
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Health and Ecological Criteria Division
Margaret Stasikowski, Director 260-5389
Alan Hais, Deputy Director 260-5389
Mission
Develop sound, scientifically defensible criteria that articulate the goals for the
nation's water resources through development and refinement of risk and
exposure assessment methodologies. Provide all risk assessment
methodologies. Provide all risk assessment support for the CWA and Safe
Drinking Water Act, including MCLs and health advisories. Respond to the
Agency's Reducing Risk mandate by expanding the activities to support
ecological protection.
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Health and Ecological Criteria Division
.lie Health and Ecological Criteria Division (HECD) is responsible for developing sound,
scientifically defensible criteria that articulate the goals for the nation's water resources
through development and refinement of risk and exposure assessment methodologies.
Provide all risk assessment support for the Clean Water Act (CWA) and the Safe Drinking
Water Act (SDWA), including maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) and health advisories.
Other responsibilities include:
Health goals for drinking water
Criteria for human health surface water
Criteria for aquatic life surface water
Sediment criteria
Biological criteria
Ecological criteria/habitat
Municipal sludge regulations
Human health risk assessment for water
Ecological risk assessment for water
Health advisories for drinking water
Page 5-2 OST Primer Health and Ecological Criteria Division
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Margaret Stasikowski, Director 260-5389
Alan Hais, Deputy Director 260-5389
Human Risk Assessment
Branch
Edward Ohanian, Chief
Ecological Risk
Assessment Branch
Robert April, Chief
Sludge Risk Assessment
Branch
Alan B. Rubin, Chief
Drinking Water Health
Assessment Section
Jennifer Orme Zavaleta, Chief
Development of MCLGs
Health advisories, RfDs and
CRAVE health advisories
Microbiological risk
ซ Special issues, e.g., dioxin,
fluoride
Exposure Assessment and
Environmental Fate Section
Bruce Mintz, Chief
* Exposure assessment
methodologies for water
contaminants
Pharmacokinetic modeling
ซ Volatilization and dermal
absorption modeling
Key Projects
Revise risk assessment for
dioxin
Relative Source Contribution
Methodology
Surface Water Health
Assessment Section
ซ Human health criteria for
pollutants in surface water
Outreach training for EPA and
state personnel on risk
assessment and human health
criteria
National Guidelines for
developing human health
protective criteria for surface
waters
ซ Human health protection
criteria for pollutants of
concern in Great Lakes
Initiative standards
New surface water human
health protection criteria for
bioaccumulative pollutants
Multimedia Section
Chris Zarba, Chief
Sediment quality analytic
methods
Biological criteria and
implementation strategy
Wildlife criteria
Endangered Species Act
implementation
Great Lakes Initiative (joint
with SASD)
Criteria Section
Margarete Heber, Chief
Saltwater criteria
Chemical specific water quality
criteria
Dioxin criteria
Site specific criteria
Metals criteria
Water quality criteria
' Regional/State/lndian liaison
(joint with SASD)
Criteria Methodology
Aquatic life criteria
methodology
Draft sediment quality criteria
for six organic chemicals
Final metals sediment criteria
guidance for streams
Draft biological criteria
guidance for streams
Draft wildlife criteria
methodology
Revised aquatic life
methodology
Metals criteria implementation
guidance
National toxics rule (support to
SASD)
Ongoing Activities
Site-specific support for
criteria
Phase I of 40 CFR Part 503
Standards
Phase II regulation
Human health and ecological
risk management
Beneficial reuse policy
Drinking water sludges
Publication of pollutants for
Phase II of 40 CFR Part 503
Standards
Health and Ecological Criteria Division
OST Primer
Page 5-3
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Standards and Applied Science Division
Bill Diamond, Director 260-7301
Fred Leutner, Deputy Director 260-1542
Mission
Direct the national program for adoption of water quality standards, through
development of policies, guidance, and assistance to Regions and States.
Develop and manage cross-media and multi-Agency policies to ensure
exposure goals are attained. Conduct environmental assessments, and develop
technical guidance in support of water quality-based controls, including
translation of criteria to specific waterbodies, and development of total
maximum daily loads.
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Standards And Applied Science Division
ne Standards and Applied Science Division's (SASD) responsibilities are to direct the
national program for adoption of water quality standards. Develop policies and guidance on
translation of criteria to specific waterbodies. Develop and manage cross-media and multi-
Agency policies to ensure exposure goals are attained. Other responsibilities include:
National products such as: guidance, regulations, policies,
strategies
Environmental assessments
National assessment studies
Management strategies for sediment contamination and fish
contamination
TMDLs, wasteload allocations, mixing zones
Page 6-2 OST Primer Standards and Applied Science Division
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Bill Diamond, Director 260-7301
Fred Leutner, Deputy Director 260-1542
Water Quality Standards
Branch
Dave Sabock, Chief
Risk Assessment and
Management Branch
Betsy Southerland, Chief
Exposure Assessment
Branch
Puss Kinerson, Chief
Technical Support Section
Kent Ballentine, Chief
National toxics rule,
303(c)(2)(B)
Water quality standards (WQS)
regulation
Endangered Species Act
coordination
Antidegradation
Standards reviews and
approvals
WQS Handbook updates
Policy and Program
Development Section
Margie Pitts, Chief
WQS policy development
Priorities for triennial WQS
revisions
Technical support
Wet weather/CSO program
review
Program audits
Outreach, coordination,
education, WQS Academy
Agencywide sediment
management strategy
Ocean dumping "Green Book"
Section 404 "Gold Book"
Sediment contamination
studies
Technical guidance to support
controls
Coordinate sediment
implementation actions
Fish Contamination Section
C.R. (Skip) Houseknecht, Chief
Guidance on fish consumption
advisories
Liaison with other Federal
agencies
Clearinghouse on fish
contamination issues
Electronic bulletin board on
advisories
Guidance on fish
sampling/analysis
Risk
assessment/communication
Sediment Contamination
Section
Tom Armitage, Chief
Agencywide Sediment
Management Strateigy
CWA 404 guidance
MPRSA 103 guidance
National sediment
contaminants inventory
Technical guidance to
sediment contamination
Technical guidance to
assessment, control, and
remediation programs
Joint responsibilities with Health and Ecological Criteria Division: biological criteria program; pollutant ranking; training for water quality'
criteria and standards; site-specific support; Great Lakes Initiative; ORD research strategy development.
Watershed Modeling
Section
Jerry Laveck, Chief
TMDL/WLA/LA technical
guidance
Mixing zones technical
guidance
Technical support for
Regions/States
Flow/Wet weather issues
Rapid bioassessments and
other innovative techniques
Environmental Assessment
Section
Richard Healy, Chief
Environmental assessments for
effluent guidelines
Regulatory Impact
Assessments
Reports to Congress and other
special studies
Standards and Applied Science Division
OST Primer
Page 6-3
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