United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Information Services
And Library
Washington DC 20460
Searching the
Hazardous Waste
Collection Database
i
Using the Menu
EPA/IMSD/88-001
Revised
October 1988
-------
FOREWORD
This user's manual was developed to accompany the Hazardous Waste Collection
(HWC) Database Menu. This revised edition of the manual incorporates changes made to
the database in October 1988. Specifically, the option to search the database by date is now
available. This manual replaces the original manual of the same title dated January 1988.
The manual was prepared by Monique Currie, Headquarter's Superfund Librarian and
Barbara Roth, Information Services Branch, Information Management and Services
Division. The menu was designed by CRC Systems, Inc. under EPA Contract 68-01-
6890. The database and manual are designed for use by the EPA Library Network and
EPA Program Staff.
Contact the Headquarters Library at FTS (202) 382-5921 if you have any further questions
regarding use of the Hazardous Waste Collection Database Menu.
-------
CONTENTS
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
INTRODUCTION
GUIDE TO MANUAL FORMAT
EQUIPMENT AND STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
ACCESSING THE MENU
MAIN MENU
6. 1 Menu Conventions
6.2 Select Records
6.3 Display Entire Record by Call Number
6 . 4 Display Alphabetic List of Keywords
6 . 5 Display Hierarchy of Keywords
6.6 Display Corporate Source
6.7 Exit System
1
2
4
5
8
9
9
11
19
19
21
25
26
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A - LIST OF EPA TARGET LIBRARIES 27
APPENDIX B - FILE STRUCTURE OF DATABASE 29
APPENDIX C ACCESSING THE HAZARDOUS 31
WASTE COLLECTION DATABASE
USING BASE III
APPENDIX D - SAMPLE SEARCH 32
-------
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Contents of the
Collection
Bibliographic
Information
Fields
Optional dBASE
TTT Commands
Organization of
Manual
The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA)
Hazardous Waste Collection is a collection of EPA
reports, commercial books, policy and guidance
directives from the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response (OSWER), legislation, and reports from
selected Government Agencies.
The Collection is available in EPA Headquarters and
Regional libraries, the National Enforcement
Investigations Center, and the EPA laboratory libraries in
Cincinnati, Edison, Research Triangle Park, NC, Ada,
OK, and Las Vegas, NV. (See Appendix A - List of
EPA Target Libraries).
Each book or document in the Collection corresponds to
a record in the Hazardous Waste Collection Database.
The database is updated quarterly: January 1, April 1,
July 1, and October 1. Each record contains
bibliographic information including an abstract and
keywords.
A record is composed of 20 fields. (For the names and
description of each field, consult Appendix B).
The user has the option of searching the database using
dBASE III commands or using this menu, as described in
the manual. Through the menu, the user can search the
corporate source, the title, and the keyword fields. If
dBASE III commands are used, every field is searchable.
(To access the database using dBASE III, consult
Appendix C).
This manual is divided into six sections. Section 1.0
is the "Introduction". Section 2.0, "Guide to Manual
Format", explains the conventions used in this manual.
Section 3.0 "Storage and Equipment Requirements",
describes what you need to run the database. Section
4.0 "Installation Instructions", details the procedures for
installing the database on the hard drive of your
computer. Section 5.0 "Accessing the Menu", explains
how to enter the database. Section 6.0 "Main Menu",
describes in detail the various options and search
procedures presented by the menu.
-------
2.0 GUIDE TO THE MANUAL FORMAT
Screens
Menus
Menu Options
Special Keys
The following conventions are used throughout the manual.
Whenever a menu screen is displayed as a figure in the
manual, it will be enclosed within a border. For example,
figure 1 is that of the "MAIN MENU".
MAIN MENU
1) SELECT RECORDS
2) DISPLAY ENTIRE RECORD BY CALL NUMBER
3) DISPLAY ALPHABETIC LIST OF KEYWORDS
4) DISPLAY HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
5) DISPLAY CORPORATE SOURCES
6) EXIT SYSTEM
Enter Selection (1-6)
FOR HELP
Figure 1
All references to menus will be capitalized and enclosed in
quotation marks such as "MAIN MENU".
References to particular menu options will also be enclosed
in quotation marks in upper and lower case. For example, in
figure 1, option 6 of the "MAIN MENU" would be
expressed as (6) "Exit System".
Any special keys that you need to select while accessing or
using the Menu will be shown within brackets. For
example, the enter key is represented as .
-------
Bold
In this manual, text marked bold is defined as user input.
For example, in the following notation the "C:\> appears on
the screen and the user would type in CD\HWC:
C:\>CD\HWC
-------
3.0 EQUIPMENT AND STORAGE REQUIREMENTS
Personal
Computers
Storage
Requirements
The database runs on an IBM PC/AT, PC/XT, or compatible
computer.
As of July 1, 1988, you will need at least nine
megabytes of storage on your hard drive. If there is not
enough space on your personal computer, please erase
unused files to make room for the database.
As new records are added to the database on a quarterly
basis, the space requirements will increase. These increased
requirements will be reported in your quarterly update
package. Please contact your nearest EPA target library for
more information (See Appendix A).
4
-------
4.0 INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
4.1 Deleting the Existing
HAZARD.DBFFile
Before you begin to install the Hazardous Waste Collection
Database, be sure you have read Section 3.0 of this
manual, "Equipment and Storage Requirements".
These installation instructions assume that you will always
be loading the database using drive A of your personal
computer.
If you have previously installed the database on your
system, follow the instructions beginning with 4.1.
If you have never installed the database, start with the
instructions numbered 4.2.
If you have previously installed the Hazardous Waste
Collection Database on your personal computer, you must
first delete the existing database. (It will be replaced by a
new one.)
At the DOS C prompt, type: (User input is in boldface
type.)
C.\>CD\DBASE
followed by:
C:\DBASE>DEL HAZARD.DBF
Check to be sure that the file HAZARD.DBF has been
deleted from your system by typing:
C:\DBASE>DIR
The screen will respond with a list of files contained in the
dBASE directory. HAZARD.DBF should no longer be one
of them. You cannot proceed to the next step until
HAZARD.DBF has been deleted from your system.
Once you are sure that HAZARD.DBF has been removed
from your system, follow the instructions as listed in step
4.2.
-------
4.2
Installing the
Database
4.2.1
Gearing the
HWC Directory
Check to see if the HWC directory already exists on the hard
drive of your system by typing: (Remember, in this manual
user input is in boldface type.)
C:\>CD
followed by:
C:\>DIR HWC
If the system responds with the message "FILE NOT
FOUND", proceed to step 4.2.1 to create the HWC
directory.
If the HWC directory already exists, the system will
respond by listing the files in the HWC directory. You will
need to copy all of the files in the existing HWC directory to
another directory in your system.
Once you have finished copying the files from the HWC
directory to another directory, you must then delete the files
from the HWC directory. Consult your operating system
manual for assistance in copying and deleting files.
Should you choose to use it, there is a program on the
installation disk which will automatically create a new
directory and copy all existing files from the HWC directory
into the newly created directory. Finally, it will delete all of
the pre-existing files in the HWC directory. Directions for
using this program are found in step 4.2.2.
Insert the installation diskette in drive A and type:
C:\>A:INSTALL
The system will respond with a message:
If it says:
"Insert restore target diskette if appropriate strike any key
when ready"
Type:
Proceed to section 4.2.3.
-------
4.2.2
Creating a New
Directory
4.2.3
4.2.4
Restoring the
Database
Final Steps
If it says:
"Insert backup diskette 01 in drive A:, proceed to strike any
key when ready"
Insert backup diskette 01 and
Type:
Then, proceed to section 4.2.3.
Insert the installation disk in drive A and type:
C:\>A: CREATE DIRECTORY NAME
Use any name, except HWC, that is eight characters or less
to replace "directory name" in the command line above.
Consult your operating system manual for more complete
specifications on naming your directory.
When the screen prompts you with the question:
"Are you sure (Y/N)?" -- Answer Y
Next, follow the instructions as listed 4.2.3.
Follow the instructions as displayed on the screen to insert
and restore all of the numbered disks.
After restoring all of the numbered disks the computer will
display one of two messages:
If the screen displays:
"Batch File Missing"
You have completed installing the Hazardous Waste
Collection Database.
If the screen displays:
"Insert disk with batch file and press any key when ready"
Then, insert the installation disk back into drive A and press
any key. You have now completed installing the database.
To access the database consult Section 5.0, "Accessing the
Menu".
-------
5.0 ACCESSING THE MENU
The Hazardous Waste Collection Database is accessed from
the DOS C: > prompt. To enter DOS from the standard EPA
menu, press .
Note: If you do not have the standard EPA menu, you
may access DOS differently.
At the DOS C:\> prompt type:
C:\>HWC
The following screen will be displayed:
HAZARDOUS WASTE COLLECTION (HWC)
PURPOSE: The HWC is designed to better meet the information needs
of EPA staff by making key documents and services more readily
available through the EPA library network.
CONTENTS: The HWC includes EPA and non-EPA reports, books,
OSWER policy and guidance directives, legislation and regulations
Each item in the Collection corresponds to a record in the HWC
Database. Each record contains bibliographic and abstract
information. The user has the option of searching the database by
using dBase HI commands or using this menu. Through the menu,
the database is searchable by keywords, title, and corporate source
of information. In dBase HI every field is searchable.
LOCATION/CONTACT: The database is updated quarterly. A list
of the documents in the database is available in seventeen EPA
libraries and labs. Contact your nearest EPA network library for easy
access to the Collection.
HIT ANY KEY TO CONTINUE
Figure 2
8
-------
6.0 MAIN MENU
6.1 Menu Conventions
Help
Numeric Options
The following notations are common to the design of the
menu and will aid individuals in using the menu.
For clarification of many of the menu options and otherwise
general assistance select the key.
Sometimes the user is asked to select a particular option by
typing in the number which corresponds to the desired
option. In figure 3, the user would type in (1) "Select
Records" or (6) "Exit System".
MAIN MENU
1) SELECT RECORDS
2) DISPLAY ENTIRE RECORD BY CALL NUMBER
3) DISPLAY ALPHABETIC LIST OF KEYWORDS
4) DISPLAY HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
5) DISPLAY CORPORATE SOURCES
6) EXIT SYSTEM
Enter Selection (1-6)
FOR HELP
Figure 3
9
-------
Alphabetic
Options
Invalid Entries
At other times the user will be prompted to type in the first
letter of the desired option as on the screen in figure 4.
SEARCH CRITERIA
PUBLISHED AFTER: / /
mm/dd/yy
PUBLISHED BEFORE: / /
CORP. SOURCE:
TITLE:
KEYWORDS:
[S]earch database
[Ejdit search fields [M]enu [S]
FOR HELP
Figure 4
If you mistakenly enter a selection other than "S", "E", "M",
or , the screen will respond with an error message.
Wait until the error message disappears from the screen and
then enter a correct selection.
10
-------
6.2
Select Records
Published After
Published Before
Published During
This option allows you to enter specific criteria which you
wish your records to meet. By choosing (1) "Select
Records" from the "MAIN MENU", the following screen
will appear:
SEARCH CRITERIA
PUBLISHED AFTER:
PUBLISHED BEFORE:
CORP. SOURCE:
TITLE:
KEYWORDS:
/ /
mm/dd/yy
/ /
SEARCH ON ANY OR ALL OF THE ABOVE FIELDS
FOR HELP
FigureS
On the "SEARCH CRITERIA" screen there are five search
criteria options. You may search on a single criteria, any
combination of criteria, or all of the search criteria. Enter
your criteria in the space provided next to each of the
options.
The published after search criteria restricts the search to
documents published on or after the date entered in this
field.
The published before search criteria limits the search to
documents published on or before the date entered in this
field.
To locate a document published during a certain time period
(for example, between January 1 and June 30, 1987), enter
the later date in the published before field and the earlier date
in the published after field (see figure 6).
1 1
-------
Published on a
Specific Date
Corporate Source
SEARCH CRITERIA
PUBLISHED AFTER: 01/01/87
mm/dd/yy
PUBLISHED BEFORE: 06/30/87
CORP. SOURCE: OSW
TITLE:
KEYWORDS:
SEARCH ON ANY OR ALL OF THE ABOVE FIELDS
FOR HELP
Figure 6
To locate a docment published on a specific date, enter the
same date in both the published before and the published
after search criteria fields.
The corporate source, abbreviated corp. source, refers to th
EPA program office or other Government Agency or quasi-
Governmental Agency responsible for producing the
document. Although searching on this category is optional,
entering information in the corp. source field will greatly
decrease the time required for the computer to search for and
retrieve records. If you are unsure of a particular corporate
source, consult the list of valid corporate sources by
choosing option (5) "Display Corporate Sources" from the
"MAIN MENU". Please note that acronyms are used
extensively and the value entered on the "SEARCH
CRITERIA1' screen must match exactly the acronym on the
list of corporate sources in Option (5), "Display Corporate
Sources".
12
-------
Title
The title refers to the name of the document. You may enter
the entire title of the document or just a significant phrase.
For example, in the document entitled "EPA's Efforts to
Clean Up Three Hazardous Waste Sites," you could enter
the phrase "Efforts to Clean" or "Three Hazardous Waste".
Avoid entering phrases like "EPA" or "Hazardous Waste".
These are fairly common tides for documents housed in the
Collection. The resulting document set would be enormous.
Scrolling
Both the title and keywords fields have a scrolling feature.
When you fill up the space allotted on the screen for either of
these fields, the scrolling feature will shift to the left and
allow you to enter additional characters (40 characters for the
tide field and up to 60 for characters in the keyword field).
Help
For clarification of search criteria options, select the
key. The "SEARCH CRITERIA HELP MENU"
will appear, as shown in figure 7.
SEARCH CRITERIA HELP MENU
1) GENERAL HELP
2) PUBLICATION DATE HELP
3) CORPORATE SOURCE HELP
4) TITLE HELP
5) KEYWORD HELP
6) RETURN TO SEARCH CRITERIA SCREEN
Enter Selection (1-6)
FOR HELP
Figure?
Select the desired help option to receive an explanation for
each search criteria.
13
-------
Boolean Logic
Editing Search
Fields
Search Database
Each time you enter information in one of the search criteria
fields you are requesting the computer to search for items
meeting that additional criteria. For instance, in the
following sample search (see figure 8), you are trying to
locate documents published on or after January 1, 1985
from the Office of Solid Waste (OSW) and on the subject of
incineration.
SEARCH CRITERIA
PUBLISHED AFTER: 01/01/85
mm/dd/yy
PUBLISHED BEFORE: / /
CORP. SOURCE: OSW
TITLE:
KEYWORDS: INCINERATION
SEARCH ON ANY OR ALL OF THE ABOVE FIELDS
FOR HELP
Figure 8
Once you have entered all of your search criteria in the
appropriate fields, simply choose until your
cursor moves down to the bottom of the screen. There you
are given a choice of selecting either "S" to Search the
Database, "E" to Edit Search Fields, or "M" to return to the
"MAIN MENU." You will note that the default setting is
"S".
Should you make any mistakes while entering your search
criteria, you are able to go back and make changes by
selecting "E" for Edit before asking the computer to begin
searching.
When you are satisfied with a chosen search criteria, select
"S" and the computer will begin searching the database.
14
-------
Single Search
Search Results
Summary
You are restricted to a single search at a time. After you
have completed your search and retrieved the resulting
records, you must return to the "MAIN MENU" and again
choose (1) "Select Records" to begin a subsequent search.
Once you have executed your search and the computer has
scanned the entire database, the screen will display the total
number of records on the "SEARCH RESULTS" menu (see
figure 9).
SEARCH RESULTS
32 RECORDS SELECTED
1) DISPLAY SUMMARY REPORT
2) PRINT REPORT
3) PRINT VARIABLE FIELD REPORT
4) REFINE SEARCH
5) RECORD BY ID NUMBER
6) RETURN TO MAIN MENU
Enter Selection (1-6)
FOR HELP
Figure 9
From the "SEARCH RESULTS" Menu, one is able to
display Report summaries of the records selected by
chosing (1) "Display Summary Report". A sample screen
from the Summary Report is shown in figure 10.
15
-------
Printing the
Summary Report
Printing the
Variable Field Report
_Call No.: OSWER 9488.00-8_
_Doc. ID: 12
Pub. Date: 06/30/86
Title: ACCEPTABILITY OF THERMAL
RELIEF VENTS ON HAZARDOUS
WASTE INCINERATORS
Corp. Source: OSW
Keywords: DIRECTIVES,
INCINERATION, AIR,
EMISSIONS, EQUIPMENT
Abstract: EXPLAINS THAT USE OF DUMP STACKS DURING OPERATION OF
HAZARDOUS WASTE INCINERATORS SHOULD BE SEVERLY LIMITED BECAUSE
DIRECT VENTING OF STACK EMISSIONS MAY VIOLATE PART 264, SUBPART O,
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.
_CaUNo.: OSWER 9488.03(851.
_Doc. ID: 14
Pub. Date: 04/01/85
Title: ACCEPTABLE LEVELS OF
RESIDUAL CONTAMINANTS IN
THE EPA INCINERATOR RESIDUES
(REVISION)
Corp. Source: OSW
Keywords: DIRECTIVES,
POLYCHLORINATED
BIPHENYLS (PCB),
INCINERATION
Abstract: REVISES LEVEL OF CONCERN FOR SOLID RESIDUES RESULTING
FROM INCINERATION OF PCB'S FROM 50 PPM TO 2 PPM.
[Njext screen [PJrevious screen [T]op of file
FOR HELP
SCREEN 1 OF 16
[M]enu
[N]
Figure 10
You will note that two records are displayed per screen and
the screen counter in the lower right hand corner
indicates which screen is being viewed. Each record
contains the call no. (call number); the doc. id,
(document ID number); the pub. date (publication date); the
corp. source (corporate source); the title; the keywords; and
the abstract of the document. Note: If there is a document
which is of particular interest, you can view the entire
record by noting the doc. id.number.
A summary report consisting of the call number, title,
keywords and abstract can be sent to your printer by
choosing (2) "Print Report."
You may also choose the fields to be included in the printed
report. By selecting (3) "Print Variable Field Report," the
screen shown in figure 11 will be displayed. Place an "X"
next to the fields you wish to include in the report.
16
-------
Narrowing Your
Search
Expanding Your
Search
Entire Record
VARIABLE FIELD REPORT
MARK DESIRED FIELDS WITH "X"
AUTHOUR:
CORPORATE SOURCE:
TITLE:
CONTACT PERSON:
BIBLIOGRAPHIC INFO:
PUBLICATION DATE:
EPA REPORT NUMBER:
NTIS NUMBER:
EPA CONTRACT NUMBER:
ABSTRACT:
KEYWORDS:
GEOGRAPHIC CODE:
DOCUMENT TYPE:
ABSTRACT SOURCE:
DOCUMENT LOCATION:
ACQUISITION INFO:
OTHER LIBRARIES:
CALL NUMBER:
DOCUMENT ID NUMBER:
[P]rint report [E]dit Screen [MJenu [ ]
FOR HELP
Figure 11
You are able to further refine your search by choosing
option (4) "Refine Search". Should you
select this option, your initial "SEARCH CRITERIA" screen
will appear with the option of adding information to your
previous search criteria.
The more search criteria fields you complete, the faster your
search and the smaller and more specific your set of
documents.
Ideally, the set of records retrieved will be a small, precise
set. However, if you find that the set retrieved is too narrow
or retrieves no records at all, you should expand your search
criteria. This can be done by either choosing fewer
search criteria to search on (e.g., do not specify words in the
title field) or consulting the option (5) "Hierarchy of
Keywords" on the "MAIN MENU" to find related terms.
Also, be sure to check that you have correctly spelled and
entered the corp. source, keywords, etc.
To see all of the fields associated with a particular record,
choose (5) "Display Entire Record By ID Number". A full
record is composed of two screens. A sample of a full
record display can be found in figures 12 and 13.
17
-------
ID NUMBER:
TITLE:
FULL RECORD DISPLAY
12
CORPORATE SOURCE: OSW
ACCEPTABILITY OF THERMAL RELIEF VENTS
ON HAZARDOUS WASTE INCINERATORS
KEYWORDS: DIRECTIVES, INCINERATION, AIR
EMISSIONS, EQUIPMENT
ABSTRACT: EXPLAINS THAT USE OF DUMP STACKS DURING
OPERATION OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
INCINERATORS SHOULD BE SEVERLY LIMITED
BECAUSE DIRECT VENTING OF STACK EMISSIONS
MAY VIOLATE PART 264, SUBPART O,
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS.
[N]ext screen [V]iew another record [M]enu
FOR HELP
[N]
Figure 12 - Screen 1 of 2
FULL RECORD DISPLAY
CALL NUMBER: OSWER 9488.00-8 AUTHOR:
PUBLICATION DATE: 06/30/86 ACQUISITION:
PUBLICATION INFO: WASHINGTON, DC, USEPA
LOCATION: EJBDHW CONTACT PERSON: ANDERSON, ROBIN
ABSTRACT SOURCE: SUMMARY EPA REPORT:
DOCUMENT TYPE: R EPA CONTRACT:
GEOGRAPHIC CODE: NTIS NUMBER:
OTHER INFO: EPAX 8704-0145, ALL REGIONAL LIBRARIES, NEIC-
DENVER, EDISON, CINCINNATI, ADA, RTF, LAS
VEGAS
[P]revious screen [V]iew another record [M]enu [P]
FOR HELP
Figure 13 - Screen 2 of 2
18
-------
6.3 Display Entire Record
By Call Number
6.4 Display Alphabetic
List of Keywords
This option allows you to view a full record if the call
number is previously known. Type in the call number in the
space provided (see figure 14). Call numbers must be
entered exactly. Typical call numbers include:
OSWER 9487.50-1 A
OSWER 9300.01(84)
OSWER 9834.2
EPAX 8612-0015
TD 898.S93L86
S 55.3 1987
FULL RECORD DISPLAY
ENTER A CALL NUMBER:
FOR HELP
Figure 14
Option (3) "Display Alphabetic List of Keywords" allows
the user to view the keywords listed in alphabetical order.
After choosing option (3), the following screen will appear
(figure 15):
19
-------
ALPHABETIC LIST OF KEYWORDS
Enter first letter of keywords to view or * for all: ( )
FOR HELP
Figure 15
Should the user choose the letter "A" the screen in figure 16
will appear.
ALPHABETIC LIST OF KEYWORDS
A LIST - Use Technology Transfer Documents
ABANDONED SITES
ACIDS
ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION
ACTIVATED SLUDGE - Use Aerobic Biodegradation
ADVANCED ELECTRIC REACTOR
AERATED LAGOONS
AERATED PONDS - Use Aerated Lagoons
AERATION
AEROBIC BIODEGRADATION
AIR
AIR STRIPPING
ALTERNATE CONCENTRATION LIMITS - Use Alternative Concentration Limits (ACL)
ALTERNATIVE CONCENTRATION LIMITS (ACL)
ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
[N]ext screen [H]ardcopy of screen
[C]hange search letter [M]enu [N]
FOR HELP
Figure 16
20
-------
6.5 Display Hierarchy
of Keywords
Note that there are also terms listed which are not keywords.
For instance, in the case of "Aerated Ponds" the user is
instructed to use the term "Aerated Lagoons". "Aerated
Ponds" is not considered a keyword.
By choosing "N" one can "page" through the rest of the
keywords beginning with a specific letter.
If you wish to have a copy of a screen of keywords sent to
your printer choose "H".
To change the beginning letter of the keywords you are
viewing choose "C".
This option allows you to view the same list of keywords as
in option (3) "Display Alphabetic List of Keywords" with
some important differences. In this "MAIN MENU" option
a keyword will appear with its corresponding definition,
should there be one. Further, one is able to view other
keywords and their respective relationship to a listed
keyword.
After choosing (4) "Display Hierarchy of Keywords" the
screen in figure 17 will appear:
HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
ASSESSMENT GOVERNMENT
CONTROL METHODS HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS LEGAL ASPECTS
MANAGEMENT
SUPERFUND
WASTE TYPES
Enter keyword:
ENTER ONE OF THE ABOVE KEYWORDS OR ANY OTHER
FOR HELP
Figure 17
21
-------
The user is presented with the nine major subject groupings
which compose the keyword list. Each of the 300 keywords
falls within one of these major subject groupings. Each of
the major subject groupings are themselves keywords.
The user is able to type in one of the keywords. In the
following example (figure 18), LEGAL ASPECTS has been
typed in.
HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
DEFINITION
The legislation and resulting regulations, funds, enforcement
procedures and liability.
Enter keyword: LEGAL ASPECTS
[BJroader terms [NJarrower terms [RJelated terms
[Definition [CJhange keyword [HJardcopy [M]enu [ ]
FOR HELP
Figure 18
22
-------
Broader Terms
To see terms which are of a more general nature than the
listed term, choose "B" for Broader Terms. In the case of
LEGAL ASPECTS when Broader Terms is selected the
screen in figure 19 appears.
HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
BROADER TERMS
NO BROADER TERMS FOUND
Enter keyword: LEGAL ASPECTS
[BJroader terms [N]anower terms [R]elated terms
[Definition [CJhange keyword [HJardcopy [Mjenu [ ]
FOR HELP
Figure 19
No broader terms were located because LEGAL ASPECTS
is one of the major subject headings.
23
-------
Narrower Terms
Related Terms
To see terms which are more specific, choose "N" for
Narrower Terms. In figure 20 all the keywords displayed
express a more specific concept than LEGAL ASPECTS.
The user may choose to search employing one of these
narrower terms for a more refined search.
HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
NARROWER TERMS
ENFORCEMENT
LEGISLATION
LIABILITY
REGULATIONS
Enter keyword: LEGAL ASPECTS
[B]roader terms [NJarrower terms [R]elated terms
[DJefinition [Qhange keyword [Hjardcopy [MJenu [
FOR HELP
Figure 20
Related terms are keywords which express a concept closely
related to the listed keyword other than the broader or
narrower term relationships.
The user can continue to have the option of viewing broader,
narrower, or related terms to the listed keyword.
24
-------
Change Keyword
6.6
Hardeopy
Display Corporate
Sources
To view another keyword, choose "C" for Change Keyword
and enter the new keyword in the space provided. In the
following example, LIABILITY was entered (see figure 21).
HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
NARROWER TERMS
ENFORCEMENT
LEGISLATION
LIABILITY
REGULATIONS
Enter keyword: LIABILITY
[B]ioader terns [NJarrower terms [RJelated terms
[Definition [Qhange keyword [HJardcopy [MJenu [
FOR HELP
Figure 21
By selecting "H" for Hardeopy, you can also
have a copy of the screen sent to your printer automatically.
By selecting option (5) "Display Corporate Sources", the
user is able to view a list of the corporate sources used in
the database. A corporate source is the EPA program office,
other Government Agency or quasi-Government Agency
responsible for producing a particular document in the
Collection. If option (5) "Display Corporate Sources" is
selected, the following screen appears in figure 22.
25
-------
Acronym
6.7
Next Screen
Exit System
CORPORATE SOURCES
AEERL AIR AND ENERGY ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
ASRL ATOMSPHERIC SCIENCES RESEARCH LABORATORY
C&SD/OW CRITERIA AND STANDARDS DIVISION, OFFICE OF WATER
CBO CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE
CDC CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL
CEC COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
CERLCOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY, CORVALLIS, OR
CRS CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
DOD DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
DOE DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
DOI DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
DOT DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
DOT DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
ECAO ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA ASSESSMENT OFFICE
ECAOCIN ENVIRONMENTAL CRITERIA ASSESSMENT OFFICE.ONCINNATI, OH
[N]ext screen
[MJenu
FOR HELP
IN]
Figure 22
The acronym is listed followed by the full name of the EPA
program or other Government Agency or quasi-Government
Agency. It is important to note the acronym of a program or
Agency which is of particular interest because it is the
acronym, not the full name of the corporate source which
must be used when choosing to select on the search criteria
corp. source.
To continue browsing through the list of corporate sources,
choose "N" for Next Screen.
To leave the Hazardous Waste Collection Database Menu,
simply choose option (6) "Exit System". You will be
prompted to confirm your intention to leave the menu by
trying either "Y" for Yes or "N" for No.
You can leave the system at anytime. However, you must
first get to the "MAIN MENU" screen before selecting
option (6) "Exit System".
26
-------
APPENDIX A -- LIST OF EPA TARGET LIBRARIES
REGION 1
EPA Region 1 Library
JFK Federal Building
Boston, MA 02203
8/835-3300
E-Mail ID: EPA9128
REGION 6
EPA Region 6 Library
1445 Ross Avenue
Dallas, Texas 75202-2733
8/225-644
E-Mail ID: EPA9699
REGION 2
EPA Region 2 Library
26 Federal Plaza
New York, NY 10278
8/264-2881
E-Mail ID: EPA9299
REGION 7
EPA Region 7 Library
726 Minnesota Avenue
Kansas City, KS 66101
8/757-2828
E-Mail ID: EPA9743
REGION 3
EPA Region 3 Library
841 Chestnut Street
Philadelphia, PAA 19107
8/597-0580
E-Mail ID: EPA9337
REGION 4
EPA Region 4 Library
345 Courtland Street, N.E.
Atlanta, GA 30365
8/257-4216
E-Mail ID: EPA9415
REGION 5
EPA Region 5 Library
230 South Dearborn Street, Room 1420
Chicago, IL 60604
8/353-2022
E-Mail ID: EPA9559
REGION 8
EPA Region 8 Library
Denver Place, Suite 500
999 18th Street
Denver, CO 80202-2413
8/564-1444
E-Mail ID: EPA9869
REGION 9
EPA Region 9 Library
215 Fremont Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
8/454-8082
E-Mail ID: EPA9956
REGION 10
EPA Region 10 Library
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle, WA 98101
8/399-1289
E-Mail ID: EPA9085
27
-------
LABORATORIES
EPA Region 2 Field Office Library
Edison, NJ 08837
8/340-6762
E-Mail ID: EPA9299
EPA Library Services Office, MD-35
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
8/629-2777
E-Mail ID: EPA3128
Andrew W. Briedenbach Environmental
Research Center Library
26 W. St. Clair St.
Cincinnati, OH 45268
8/684-7707
E-Mail ID: EPA3141
Robert S. Kerr Environmental
Research Lab Library
P.O. Box 1198
Ada, OK 74820
8/743-2241
E-Mail ID: EPA8441
Environmental Monitoring System
Lab Library
P.O. Box 93478
Las Vegas, NV 89193
8/545-2648
E-Mail ID: EPA8231
National Enforcement Investigation
Center Library
Building 53, Box 25227
Denver Federal Center
Denver, CO 80225
8/776-5122
E-Mail ID: EPA2339
HEADQUARTERS
EPA Headquarters Library, PM-211A
401 M Street, SW, Room 2904
Washington, DC 20460
8/382-5922
E-Mail ID: EPA3738
28
-------
APPENDIX B - FILE STRUCTURE OF DATABASE
The Hazardous Waste Collection Database is composed of 20 fields:
CALLNU -- a unique identifier assigned to each item by the library staff. Used to determine where
the item is shelved in the EPA Headquarters Library. (20 characters)
OTHERINFO ~ includes codes to show which other EPA libraries have a copy of the document
and call numbers of those copies if appropriate. (254 characters)
TITLE — the title of the book, report, policy directive, or other material. Initial articles, such as
"the," "an" or "a" have been eliminated from the title. (150 characters)
AUTHOR — the writer of a book or report. Last name is listed first, followed by first name and
middle initial. (30 characters)
CORPSOURCE — the EPA sponsoring office, other Government Agency or quasi-Government
Agency that issued the document. (10 characters)
CONTACTP — EPA staff member who can be contacted for further information. Last name listed
first, followed by first name and middle initial. (20 characters)
PUBDATE — Date of the book, report, or document. Form is mm/dd/yy. For instance, December
15,1987 would be listed as 12/15/87. (8 numeric characters)
BIB — bibliographic information listing place of publication and publisher. (60 characters)
ACQUIS — information helpful in acquiring the item. In the case of commercial books the
international standard book number is listed. In the case of Government reports from Agencies
other than the EPA, the ordering number may be listed. For EPA publications see NTISNU field
(30 characters)
LOCATION — the collection the particular EPA library has chosen to house the documents. (10
characters)
TYPEDOC — indicates the nature of the material (i.e., report, book, microfiche). (5 characters)
KEYWORDS - the words and phrases assigned from a controlled vocabulary list that indicate the
subject and contents of the document. See the Hazardous Waste Collection Database Thesaurus
for a list of the possible keywords. (150 characters)
GEOCODE — indicates documents whose content is specifically applicable to a State or Region. (5
characters)
ABSTRACT — a brief description of the content of the document. (254 characters)
ABSOURCE -- source of the abstract. (10 characters)
NTISNU - the ordering number for reports available through the National Technical Information
Service in Springfield, VA. (12 characters)
29
-------
EPARPTNU - a reference number assigned to an EPA report by the originating EPA office. (20
characters)
EPACONTRCT -- the EPA contract number under which the work was performed. (15
characters)
DID - unique document identifier number, assigned by the system. (5 numeric characters)
EDIT - maintenance field indicating the status of the record. (1 character)
30
-------
APPENDIX C - ACCESSING THE HAZARDOUS WASTE COLLECTION
DATABASE USING DBASE III
To bypass the Hazardous Waste Collection Database Menu so that the user can search all of the
fields of the database proceed as follows:
Depending upon how your system is configured, enter dB ASE
At the dot prompt, type:
USE\HWC\HAZARD.DBF
You are now able to search on any of the 20 fields which compose the database.
31
-------
APPENDIX D - SAMPLE SEARCH
Defining a Search
Problem
Choosing Your
Search Strategy
This sample search illustrates how the Hazardous Waste
Collection Database Menu can be used to retrieve
information. It also highlights several options available in
the Menu. The results of this sample search are based on the
contents of the database as of January 1, 1988. If you
perform this sample search after April 1, 1988, your results
may vary slightly from those listed.
Let's assume you are trying to locate case histories on
contamination.
After logging on the system (see Section 5.0 "Accessing the
Menu") hit any key to proceed to the "MAIN MENU", (see
figure 1).
MAIN MENU
1) SELECT RECORDS
2) DISPLAY ENTIRE RECORD BY CALL NUMBER
3) DISPLAY ALPHABETIC LIST OF KEYWORDS
4) DISPLAY HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
5) DISPLAY CORPORATE SOURCES
6) EXIT SYSTEM
Enter Selection (1-6)
FOR HELP
Figure 1
First choose option (1) "Select Records". After entering 1
in the space provided, the following screen will appear:
32
-------
Using the Keyword
Field
SEARCH CRITERIA
PUBLISHED AFTER:
PUBLISHED BEFORE:
CORP. SOURCE:
TITLE:
KEYWORDS:
/ /
mm/dd/yy
/ /
SEARCH ON ANY OR ALL OF THE ABOVE FIELDS
FOR HELP
Figure 2
You will note that your research problem involves two
concepts:
case histories
contamination
Since the search is subject specific, you will want to search
on the keyword field. To do so, skip over the first two
fields (i.e., Corp. Source and Title), in the "SEARCH
CRITERIA17 screen by choosing until the
cursor reaches the keyword field.
The Menu restricts you to entering one keyword at a time.
Note: You can enter additional keywords when refining you
search.
In the space provided in the keyword field, type:
CASE HISTORIES
33
-------
Using Alphabetic List
of Keywords
Hit the key and select "S" to search the
database. You will note that this keyword is invalid. The
screen will immediately respond with the message
"Keyword Invalid. Please Re-Enter".
This illustrates the importance of first consulting
the keyword list. Therefore, continue to hit the
key until the instruction messages appear at
the bottom of the screen. Select "M" to return to "MAIN
MENU". Choose option (3) "Display Alphabetic List of
Keywords" or option (4) "Display Hierachy of Keywords"
to view the keywords.
On the "MAIN MENU" screen, select option (3) "Display
Alphabetic List of Keywords". The following screen in
figure 3 will appear:
ALPHABETIC LIST OF KEYWORDS
Enter first letter of keywords to view or * for all: ( )
FOR HELP
Figure 3
First check to see if some variant of case histories is a
keyword. Since the beginning letter of the word is "C",
type "C" in the space provided. The following screen will
appear:
34
-------
ALPHABETIC LIST OF KEYWORDS
C-LIST Use Technology Transfer Documents
CALCINATION
CALIFORNIA LIST
CAPPING
CARCINOGENS
CASE STUDIES
CEMENT KILN DUST - Use Pozzolanic Process
CEMENTING
CENTRIFICATION
CERCLA
CERCLIS
CHAMBER PRESSURE FILTERS
CHEMICAL TREATMENT
CHLORINOLYSIS
CIRCULATING BED COMBUSTION
[N]ext screen
[C]hange search letter
[H]ardcopy of screen
[M]enu
FOR HELP
IN]
Figure 4
You will note the term "case histories" does not appear on
the list, but "case studies", a synonym, is found on the list.
Also check the term "contamination". Continue
viewing the list by choosing "N" for next screen.
Contamination is a keyword.
Now that you are confident of your two keywords, return to
the "MAIN MENU" by selecting "M".
Once again select option (1) "Select Records" from the
"MAIN MENU".
Entering Search
Criteria
Enter the published after and published before information,
then use your key to move your cursor down
to the keywords field. Enter your first keyword CASE
STUDIES as shown in figure 5.
35
-------
SEARCH CRITERIA
PUBLISHED AFTER:
PUBLISHED BEFORE:
CORP. SOURCE:
TITLE:
KEYWORDS:
/ /
mm/dd/yy
/ /
CASE STUDIES
SEARCH ON ANY OR ALL OF THE ABOVE FIELDS
FOR HELP
Figure 5
Hit the key once. The instruction message
will appear at the bottom of the screen. Then, select "S" to
search the database.
36
-------
Search Results
Refining Search
The computer will search the database.
finished, the screen in figure 6 will appear.
When it has
SEARCH RESULTS
120 RECORDS SELECTED
1) DISPLAY SUMMARY REPORT
2) PRINT REPORT
3) PRINT VARIABLE FIELD REPORT
4) REFINE SEARCH
5) RECORD BY ID NUMBER
6) RETURN TO MAIN MENU
Enter Selection (1-6)
FOR HELP
Figure 6
In most circumstances, 120 documents is far too many to
review. Therefore, you may wish to refine the search by
using the second keyword "contamination" and by limiting
the publication date to between 1984 and 1987. Select
option (4), "Refine Search".
Enter 01/01/84 in the published after field (the earliest
publication date) and 12/31/87 in the published before field
(the latest publication date). Then, hit the
key to move your cursor down to the keywords field. As
you move your cursor through the fields, you will be given
another line in which to add your second keyword,
"CONTAMINATION". Again, hit key
and the instruction message will appear at the bottom of the
screen (see figure 7). Then, select "S" to search database.
37
-------
Search Results
SEARCH CRITERIA
PUBLISHED AFTER: 01/01/84
mm/dd/yy
PUBLISHED BEFORE: 12/31/87
CORP. SOURCE:
TITLE:
KEYWORDS: CASE STUDIES
CONTAMINATION
[Sjearch database
[EJdit search fields [Mjenu [S]
FOR HELP
Figure?
After the computer is finished searching the database, the
screen in figure 8 will be displayed:
38
-------
Summary Report
Using Hierarchy
of Keywords
SEARCH RESULTS
8 RECORDS SELECTED
1) DISPLAY SUMMARY REPORT
2) PRINT REPORT
3) PRINT VARIABLE HELD REPORT
4) REFINE SEARCH
5) RECORD BY ID NUMBER
6) RETURN TO MAIN MENU
Enter Selection (1-6)
FOR HELP
Figure 8
Eight records were chosen that contain both the keywords
"case studies" and "contamination".
To view a summary of each record, select option (1)
"Display Summary Report". If you wish to a hardcopy of
the report, select option (2) "Print Report" to automatically
send a hardcopy to your printer. After viewing the summary
report, choose "M" to return to the "SEARCH RESULTS"
menu screen. Then, select option (6) to "Return to Main
Menu".
To enhance your search, use the hierarchical display of
keywords which is option (4) on the "MAIN MENU". The
screen in figure 9 will appear:
39
-------
HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
ASSESSMENT GOVERNMENT
CONTROLMETHODS HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS LEGAL ASPECTS
MANAGEMENT
SUPERFUND
WASTE TYPES
Enter Keyword:
ENTER ONE OF THE ABOVE KEYWORDS OR ANY OTHER
FOR HELP
Figure 9
You will notice that nine keywords are displayed. These
nine keywords represent the broad subject groupings under
which the 300 keywords are organized. All of the keywords
fall within the scope of one of these major subject
groupings.
The screen directs you to "Enter Keyword". You can enter
one of the nine keywords or any other other from the
alphabetic list.
Enter the keyword CONTAMINATION.
Then, hit the key and the screen in figure 10
will be displayed.
40
-------
Broader Terms
Narrower Terms
Related Terms
HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
NO DEFINITION FOUND
Enter Keyword: CONTAMINATION
[B]roader terms [N]arrower terms [RJelated terms
[Definition [CJhange keyword [HJardcopy [M]enu [ ]
FOR HELP
Figure 10
In the case of the keyword "contamination", no definition is
listed. Note that you are given the choice of selecting
"Broader Terms," "Narrower Terms," or "Related Terms."
The "Broader Terms" selection will list a more general
concept under which the keyword "contamination" would
fall. You might choose to use a broader keyword for a more
comprehensive search.
Selecting "Narrower Terms" will generate a list of keywords
which express more specific concepts than "contamination".
By choosing to search on such terms, the user may generate
a more refined search.
Finally, the "Related Terms" selection will display terms
closely related to the keyword "contamination".
Try selecting for both the "Narrower Terms" and the
"Related Terms". In both cases, no such terms were found.
However, when selecting for "Broader Terms" the following
screen in figure 11 is displayed.
41
-------
Expanding Your Search
HIERARCHY OF KEYWORDS
BROADER TERMS
ECOLOGICAL RISK
Enter keyword: CONTAMINATION
[B]roader terms [N]anower terms [RJelated terms
[Definition [CJhange keyword [HJardcopy [MJenu [
FOR HELP
Figure 11
The keyword "ecological risk" is considered to be a term
broader in scope than "contamination." Now you are ready
to search using an additional keyword.
Return to the "MAIN MENU" by selecting "M". Then,
select option (1) "Select Records". Hit the
key until you reach the keyword field. Type in CASE
STUDIES and select "S" to search. Next, refine the
search, using the keyword "ecological risk". Select option
(3) and hit the key until you reach the second
keyword field. Type in ECOLOGICAL RISK and hit the
key once. The instruction message will
immediately appear. Then, select "S" to search. Seven
records are selected. If you wish to view the records choose
option (1) or (2).
You may not always feel the need to repeat searches using
keywords which are related to each other. Many
searches are very straight forward. However, this search
illustrates how you can use the alphabetic and hierarchical
keyword displays to improve your retrieval of relevant
information.
42
------- |