United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Industrial Environmental Research
Laboratory
Cincinnati OH 45268
EPA-600/7-79-254
December 1979
Research and Development
Oil Pollution
Abstracts

Volume 6, No. 2
(April 1979-
June 1979)

Interagency
Energy/Environment
R&D Program
Report

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                                            EPA-600/7-79-254
                                            December 1979
                 OIL POLLUTION ABSTRACTS
                   Volume 6, Number 2
                (April 1979 - June 1979)
                            by

Helmut Ehrenspeck, Barbara Searles, Katherine Osteryoung
                  and David Bonvouloir
                Marine Science Institute
                University of California
             Santa Barbara, California 93106
                 Principal Investigator

              Dr. Henry W. Offen, Director
                Marine Science Institute
                   Grant No. R-805803
                     Project Officer

                   L. T. McCarthy, Jr.
         Oil & Hazardous Materials Spills Branch
      Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
                Edison, New Jersey 08817
      INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
           OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
          U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                CINCINNATI, OHIO  45268

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                            DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the Industrial Environmental
Research Laboratory-Cincinnati, U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, and approved for publication.  Approval does not signify
that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of
trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.

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                             FOREWORD
When energy and material resources are extracted, processed,
converted, and used, the related pollutional impacts on our
environment and even on our health often require that new and
increasingly more efficient pollution control methods be used.
The Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory - Cincinnati
(lERL-Ci) assists in developing and demonstrating new and
improved methodologies that will meet these needs both
efficiently and economically.


This report is a product of the above efforts.  It cites current
literature, research, patents, and other materials relevant to
the oil pollution abatement program and is published in an
abstract format on a quarterly basis.  As such, it serves as a
basic reference document for all those interested in oil spill
and oil pollution control.  This project is part of the
continuing program of the Oil and Hazardous Materials Spills
Branch, lERL-Ci, to assess and mitigate the environmental impact
of oil pollution.
                         David G. Stephan
                             Director
           Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
                            Cincinnati
                               ill

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                            ABSTRACT
OIL POLLUTION ABSTRACTS (formerly entitled OIL POLLUTION REPORTS)
is a quarterly compilation of current literature and research
project summaries.  Comprehensive coverage of oil pollution  and
its prevention and control is provided, with emphasis on the
aquatic environment.  This issue contains bibliographic citations
with abstracts of scientific and technical publications and
patents covering the years 1976 to 1979.  The literature and
research entries are arranged in eight major categories comprised
of thirty-seven specific sub-categories.  A permuted Subject
Keyword Index provides access to every entry, and author and
patent indexes are included.  This report is submitted in partial
fulfillment of EPA Grant No. R-805803-01 by the Marine Science
Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, under the
sponsorship of the US Environmental Protection Agency.
                                IV

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            OIL POLLUTION ABSTRACTS - TOPICAL OUTLINE
A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION  AND EVALUATION
     1.   Detection  and  Monitoring
     2.   Remote Sensing
     3.   Sampling and Analysis
     4.   Source Identification

B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
     1.   Containment
     2.   Cleanup and Removal
     3.   Environmental  Restoration
     4.   Personnel  Training
     5.   Contingency Planning
     6.   Legal  and  Regulatory Aspects
     7.   General Prevention and Control Measures

C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS  OF OIL POLLUTION
     1.   Biological Aspects
     2.   Physical and Chemical Aspects
     3.   Social and Economic Aspects
     4.   Environmental  Response and Recovery
     5.   Baseline and Environmental Impact Studies
     6.   Legal  and  Regulatory Aspects
     7.   General Aspects

D.  FATE  OF  OIL  IN THE ENVIRONMENT
     1 .   Biodegradation
     2.   Physical and Chemical Processes
     3.   Models, Simulations, and  Predictions
     4.   General Fate of  Oil

E.  POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT &
    PRODUCTION
     1.   Biological Aspects
     2.   Physical and Chemical Aspects
     3.   Social and Economic Aspects
     4.   Legal  and  Regulatory Aspects
     5.   General Aspects

F.  POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL TRANSPORT, TRANSFER AND STORAGE
     1.   Tankers and Ships
     2.   Pipelines
     3.   Loading and Offloading Facilities
     4.   Storage Facilities
     5.   Legal  and  Regulatory Aspects
     6.   General Aspects

G.  PETROLEUM &  PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY WASTE TREATMENT & DISPOSAL
     1.   Waste  Treatment  and Disposal Methods
     2.   Oil-Water  Separation
     3.   Waste  Oil  Reclamation and Reuse
     4.   Legal  and  Regulatory Aspects

H.  MISCELLANEOUS              v

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                             CONTENTS

                                                               Page
Abstract	    iv

Topical Outline	     v

Acknowledgements  	     x

Introduction  	    xi

Serials Listings	   xii

Abbreviations  - Acronyms	  xiii


I.  Reports,  Publications,  and Patents

    A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
        1.  Detection and Monitoring	     1
        2.  Remote  Sensing  	     3
        3.  Sampling and Analysis 	     6
        4.  Source  Identification	    13

    B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
        1 .  Containment	    16
        2 .  Cleanup and Removal 	,. .	    24
        3.  Environmental Restoration 	    35
        4.  Personnel Training	    36
        5.  Contingency Planning	    37
        6.  Legal and Regulatory Aspects  	    48
        7.  General Prevention and Control Measures  	    52

    C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
        1.  Biological Aspects	    58
        2.  Physical and Chemical Aspects  	    76
        3.  Social  and Economic Aspects  	    77
        4.  Environmental Response and Recovery  	    79
        5.  Baseline and Environmental Impact Studies  	    82
        6.  Legal and Regulatory Aspects	    85
        7.  General Aspects 	    89

    D.  FATE  OF OIL IN THE  ENVIRONMENT
        1.  Biodegradation	    97
        2.  Physical and Chemical Processes  	    09
        3.  Models,  Simulations,  and Predictions	   103
        4.  General Fate of Oil	   Ill
                                 Vli

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                                                              Page

    E.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION,  DEVELOPMENT,
        AND PRODUCTION
        1 .   Biological Aspects  	  117
        2.   Physical and Chemical Aspects  	  117
        3 .   Social and Economic Aspects  	  117
        4.   Legal and Regulatory Aspects  	  118
        5 .   General Aspects 	  120

    F.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL TRANSPORT,  TRANSFER,
        AND STORAGE
        1.   Tankers and Ships  	  128
        2 .   Pipelines 	  129
        3.   Load ing- and Offloading Facilities  	  130
        4.   Storage Facilities  	  131
        5.   Legal and Regulatory Aspects  	  131
        6.   General Aspects 	  134

    G.   PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL  INDUSTRY WASTE TREATMENT
        AND DISPOSAL
        1.   Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods 	  135
        2.   Oil-Water Separation  	  137
        3 .   Waste Gil Reclamation and  Reuse	  137
        4.   Legal and Regulatory Aspects  	  138

    H.   MISCELLANEOUS 	  139
II.  Current Research Projects  	  142

    A.   OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
        1.   Detection and Monitoring  	  143
        2.   Remote Sensing  	  145
        3 .   Sampling and Analysis  	  147
        4.   Source Identification  	  148

    B.   OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND  CONTROL
        1 .   Containment 	  150
        2.   Cleanup and Removal 	  151
        3.   Personnel Training 	  153
        4.   Contingency Planning 	  154
        5.   General Prevention and Control  Measures 	  154

    C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL  POLLUTION
        1.   Biological  Aspects 	  155
        2.   Baseline and Environmental  Impact  Studies  	  163
        3.   General Aspects 	  167

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                                                               Page

    D.  FATE OF OIL  IN  THE  ENVIRONMENT
        1.  Biodegradation  	   171
        2.  Physical  and  Chemical Processes  	   174
        3.  Models,  Simulations,  and Predictions  	   175
        4.  General  Fate  of Oil 	   177

    E.  POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT,
        AND PRODUCTION
        1.  Biological  Aspects 	   179
        2.  Physical  and  Chemical Aspects  	   180

    F.  POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL TRANSPORT, TRANSFER,
        AND STORAGE
        1.  Loading  and Offloading Facilities 	   181

    G.  PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY WASTE TREATMENT
        AND DISPOSAL
        1.  Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods  	   182
        2.  Oil-Water Separation 	   184

    II.  MISCELLANEOUS 	   186
Guide to the  Master  List of
Keywords and  the  Subject Keyword Index	   187

Master List of  Keywords 	   188

Subject Keyword  Index  	   197

Author Index  	   257

Patent Index	   262

Appendix A: Periodicals Reviewed 	   263

Appendix B: OIL  POLLUTION ABSTRACTS
Availability  and  Ordering Information 	   266

Technical Report  Data  Page 	   267
                                 IX

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                         ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors wish to thank the staff of the Marine Science
Institute, the Sciences-Engineering Library, and the Interlibrary
Loans office at the University of California, Santa Barbara, for
their assistance during the research stages of this project.

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                           INTRODUCTION
OIL POLLUTION ABSTRACTS  (formerly OIL  POLLUTION  REPORTS)  is  a
quarterly abstracting series which reviews  scientific  and
technical publications and research projects  to  inform readers
about current developments in the field of  oil pollution.  This
issue contains summaries of articles,  reports, books,  conference
papers, patents, and other literature  relating to oil  pollution
published after 1975 (Section I), and  summaries  of current
research projects  (Section II).  Subject keyword, author, and
patent indexes are included.

Subject coverage encompasses terrestrial and  aquatic oil
pollution, with emphasis on the marine environment.  The
citations in Section I are divided into nine  major categories
which are further  divided into thirty-seven specific sub-
categories (see p. v).  A list of periodicals reviewed in
preparing this series appears in Appendix A.

Section II presents titles of active or recently completed oil
pollution research projects, summaries of project objectives, and
information on the current status and  publications resulting from
the projects.

Each entry is provided with several descriptive  terms  selected
from a controlled master list of approximately 400 keywords  (see
p. 188), and, if necessary, one or more specific free-language
terms prefaced by  an asterisk (*).  The groups of keywords for
each entry are alphabetically permuted by computer to  form the
Subject Keyword Index,  permitting rapid access to every entry.
OIL POLLUTION ABSTRACTS ordering information  is  included  as
Appendix B.
                                XI

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                    OIL POLLUTION ABSTRACTS*

     Issues currently available, in press,  or  in preparation


              *This series was  formerly  entitled:
   OIL POLLUTION REPORTS  (1978: Vol.  5,  No.  2  to Vol.  5,  No. 4)
OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS  (1974  to  1978:  Vol.  5,  No. 1)
 1974

 1975
 1975
 1975
 1975

 1976
 1976
 1976
 1976

 1977
 1977
 1977
 1977

Vol. 5, No. 1
Vol. 5, No. 2
Vol. 5, No. 3
Vol. 5, No. 4

Vol. 6, No. 1
Vol. 6, No. 2
Vol. 6, No. 3
                     DATES COVERED
July 74 - Oct. 74
Nov .
Feb.
May
Aug .
Nov -
Feb.
May
Aug .
Nov .
Feb.
May
Aug .
Nov .
Feb.
June
Oct.
Jan .
Apr .
July
74
75
75
75
75
76
76
76
76
77
77
77
77
78
78
78
79
79
79
- Feb.
- Apr.
- July
- Oct.
- Jan .
- Apr .
- July
- Oct.
- Jan .
- Apr .
- July
- Oct.
- Jan .
- May
- Sep.
- Dec.
- Mar.
- June
- Sept
75
75
75
75
76
76
76
76
77
77
77
77
78
78
78
78
79
79
79
  REPORT NUMBER

EPA-670/2-75-003

EPA-670/2-75-044
EPA-670/2-75-059
EPA-600/2-76-129
EPA-600/2-76-113

EPA-600/2-76-185
EPA-600/2-76-215
EPA-600/2-76-266
EPA-600/2-77-037

EPA-600/2-77-075
EPA-600/2-77-111
EPA-600/2-77-243
EPA-660/2-78-005

EPA-600/2-78-071
EPA-600/7-78-160
EPA-600/7-78-218
EPA-600/7-79-040

Submitted 4/79
Submitted 7/79
To be submitted 10/79
   For complete ordering information, please  see Appendix  E,
                               xii

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                      ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS
atm  atmosphere                   ml
bbl  barrel                       mm
  C  carbon                       MS
 c C  degrees Centigrade            N
 cm  centimeter                 N.A.
COW  crude oil washing             O
DWP  deepwater port              OCS
dwt  dead weight ton             OPA
EIS  environmental impact
     statement
  F  degrees Fahrenheit           oz
 ft  foot                        PAH
  g  gram
gal  gallon                       pH
 GC  gas chromatography
GLC  gas-liquid chromatography   ppb
gpd  gallons per day             ppm
gph  gallons per hour            SET
gpm  gallons per minute          sp.
 ha  hectare                     TLC
 hr  hour                         UK
 in  inch                         US
 IR  infrared                   USSR
 kg  kilogram
 km  kilometer                    UV
 kn  knot                       VLCC
  L  liter                        vs
 Ib  pound                       WSF
 LC  liquid chromatography        wt
 LD  lethal dose                  yr
LNG  liquefied natural gas         y
LOT  load on top                   g
LPG  liquefied petroleum gas       %
  m  meter                         /
 mg  milligram
 mi  mile                          >
min  minute                        <
milliliter
millimeter
mass spectrometry
nitrogen
not available
oxygen
outer continental shelf
OIL POLLUTION ABSTRACTS,
formerly OIL POLLUTION
REPORTS
ounce
polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon
the negative log of the H
ion concentration
parts per billion
parts per million
segregated ballast tank
species
thin-layer chromatography
United Kingdom
United States
Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics
ultraviolet
very large crude carrier
versus
water soluble fraction
weight
year
micron
microgram
percent
per
approximately
greater than
less than

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               ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS (continued)
    API   American Petroleum Institute
   ASTM   American Society for Testing and Materials
    BLM   Bureau of Land Management
    CEQ   Council on Environmental Quality
    DOE   Department of Energy
    EPA   Environmental Protection Agency
   ERDA   Energy Research and Development Administration
    FAO   Food and Agricultural Organization
    FEA   Federal Energy Administration
   IMCO   International Maritime Consultative Organization
   NASA   National Aeronautics and Space Administration
    NBS   National Bureau of Standards
   NCAA   National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
   NTIS   National Technical Information Service
OHMSETT   Oil and Hazardous Materials Simulated Environmental
          Test Tank
   SSIE   Smithsonian Science Information Exchange
     UN   United Nations
   UNEP   United Nations Environment Program
 UNESCO   United Nations Educational, Scientific  and  Cultural
          Organization
   USCG   United States Coast Guard
   USDA   United States Department of Agriculture
   USDI   United States Department of the Interior
  USFWS   US Fish and Wildlife Service
   USGS   United States Geological Survey
    USN   United States Navy
                              XIV

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                                  SECTION  I

                    REPORTS, PUBLICATIONS, AND PATENTS
A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION

    1.   Detection and Monitoring
    79B-0343
    BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF SEDIMENTS IN EKOFISK OILFIELD
    Addy, J.M., D. Level 1, and J.P. Hartley.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 514-539.
    Monitoring, Benthos, Invertebrates, Offshore development.
    North Sea
Oil fields,
    A biological monitoring scheme for the title area was initiated in 1973,
    based on intensive quantitative sampling of the benthic macrofaunal
    community close to the installations.   The observed changes in community
    structure are believed to be due to industrial  activity in the area;  oil
    pollution and other factors such as mechanical  disturbance and domestic
    waste are considered.   The authors conclude that the methods used are
    adequate to detect and measure the spatial extent of changes which have
    occurred in the benthic macrofauna.
    79B-0344
    PROBLEMS IN ECOLOGICAL MONITORING IN  PORT VALDEZ,  ALASKA
    Cowell, E.B., and D.C. Monk.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,   Cleanup),
    Los Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington,  DC,  American Petroleum In-
    stitute, 1979. p. 713-717.   (API Publication No.  4308)

    Monitoring, Baseline studies,  Marine organisms,  Ecosystems, Environmental
    effects, Algae, Development,  Alaska

    A major problem in understanding impacts of oil  exploration and develop-
    ment in Alaska is the lack of specific  baseline  data about the rocky shore
    ecosystem and natural stresses controlling temporal  and spatial variations
    in populations.  Eleven transect sites  were evaluated for selected species
    abundance which were either an important community component or particularly
    sensitive to oil  pollution.   Findings confirmed  taxonomic deficiencies and
    lack of ecosystem understanding, but provided sufficient data for future
    development sites.

                                      1

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
    79B-0345
    CILIATES AS BIOINDICATORS OF OIL POLLUTION
    Lanier, J.J.,  and M.  Light.   1978.
    Conference on  the Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil Spills, Key-
    stone, Colorado,  14-17 June  1978.   American Institute of Biological
    Sciences, 1978.   p.  651-676.
    Bioindicators, Detection,  Microorganisms,  Source identification, Uptake,
    Toxicity, Contamination,  Concentrations, *Protozoans

    Oil uptake, toxicity, and community diversity experiments were conducted
    with members of the  marine macrofaunal community, primarily ciliate protozoa,
    in an investigation  of their potential  use as biological indicators of
    oil pollution.  The  results  to date support the use of protozoa as bio-
    indicators; the pollutant can be detected and, to some extent, fingerprinted,
    within the organism.   The amount of oil  in the protozoa can probably be
    related to concentration  and time of exposure.
    79B-0346
    INQUIRY INTO THE SUITABILITY OF PROTOZOA AS BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF OIL
    POLLUTION
    Lanier, J.J., and M.  Light.   1978.
    Report CG-D-83-78.   45 p.   Final  Report.

    Bioindicators,  Detection,  Microorganisms, Contamination,  Toxicity, Con-
    centrations, Uptake,  *Protozoans, *Euplotes diadaleos

    The title study was conducted by measuring oil  uptake rates and oil
    toxicity for the marine ciliate protozoan Euplotes diadaleos.   The study
    concludes that  protozoans  as suitable bioindicators of oil  pollution is
    worthy of further investigation because (1) they ingest oil at quanti-
    fiable rates, (2) they are resistant to relatively high concentrations
    of oil for short periods of  time, and (3) their population  numbers are
    responsive to the presence of oil.   Recommendations are made on further
    research necessary to confirm the suitability of protozoans as bioindicators.
    79B-0347
    COMPARISON  OF  HYDROCARBONS  IN  BENTHIC FISH FROM COAL OIL POINT AND TANNER
    BANK,  CALIFORNIA
    Rossi,  S.S., G.W.  Rommel, and  A.A.  Benson.  1979.
    1979 Oil  Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles,  19-22  March  1979.   Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p. 573-577.   (API  Publication  No.  4308)
    Bioindicators,  Fish,  Hydrocarbons,  Chemical  analysis,  Chromatography,
    Distribution,  Sediments,  Benthos,  Natural  seepage,  OCS,  California,
    Santa  Barbara  Channel

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A.   OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION


    Glass capillary gas chromatography was used for analysis of hydrocarbons
    extracted from rockfish and sanddabs (Citharichthys sp.) taken from the
    title areas.  Fish from the Coal  Oil Point natural  seepage area contained
    higher levels of hydrocarbons than those from Tanner Bank, an area located
    140 km offshore.  Two features characteristic of petroleum, unresolved
    complex mixtures and branched alkanes, were more prevalent in Coal Oil  Point
    animals.  Petrogenic characteristics were absent from the resolvable
    hydrocarbons, indicating that contamination was probably by low levels of
    weathered petroleum.  "Use of benthic fishes as indicators of petroleum
    mobility within continental shelf water (sediments) is encouraged by
    the present results."


    79B-0348
    OIL POLLUTION IN THE BALTIC SEA.   A CHEMICAL ANALYTICAL SEARCH FOR
    MONITORING METHODS
    Rudling, L.  1976.
    Stockholm, Swedish Nature Conservancy, 1976.  80 p.  (Report PM 783)

    Monitoring, Chemical analysis, Baltic Sea
    Summary not available.
    [from Marine Pollution Research Titles 5(4):#621.  1978]
    2.  Remote Sensing


    79B-0349
    AIRBORNE OIL SPILL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS IN SWEDEN
    Backlund, L.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 305-311.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Remote sensing, Surveillance, Pollution control, Coastal  waters, Tankers,
    Ships, Equipment, Sweden

    Two oil spill surveillance systems, developed for the Swedish Coast Guard
    and installed on a Cessna 337 aircraft, are described.   One of the systems
    employs a side looking airborne radar, and the other, a Daedalus infrared/
    utraviolet line scanner.   Both systems include a Decca tactical air navi-
    gational system and a camera system.  Field tests on the two systems have
    been conducted, and both will be gradually put into use for coastal  sur-
    veillance.

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
    79B-0350
    AN ONGOING
    SPILLS
    Croswell,
    1979 Oil
    Angeles,
    1979.  p.
  ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF SPACE  TECHNOLOGY  IN  MONITORING  OIL

 W.F-   1979.
Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup), Los
19-22  March 1979.  Washington,  DC, American Petroleum Institute,
 313-316.   (API Publication No. 4308)
    Remote sensing,  Surveillance,  Monitoring,  Pollution control,  Models,
    Government agencies,  *NASA,  *Satellites

    A variety of research efforts, including laboratory studies,  aircraft mis-
    sions, and spacecraft studies, conducted by NASA with the cooperation of
    several  US federal  agencies  and the Canadian government,are described.
    These studies will  assess the  potential use of space technology for the
    detection of oil  spills and  ocean pollution.  Initial  results of the  re-
    quired assessment are expected by the end  of 1979.
    79B-0351
    CANADA'S  GUARDIAN ANGEL
    Dotto,  L.   1979.
    Remote  Sensing in Canada  7(1):19-20.

    Remote  sensing,  Monitoring,  Tankers,  Offshore  development,  Coastal waters,
    Surveillance,  Arctic,  Oil  slicks,  Sources,  *SURSAT satellite  system

    Tracking  of oil  slicks, surveillance  of tankers  carrying  oil,  and monitor-
    ing  of  drilling  activity  in  the Arctic and  coastal  waters would  be among
    the  numerous functions of the proposes SURSAT  satellite remote sensing
    system.   SURSAT  would  provide Canada  with  the  capability  of enforcing its
    policies  in the  200 mile  coastal  zone to which it  lays claim.
    79B-0352
    REMOTE  SENSING  OF  ESTUARINE  FRONTS  AND  THEIR  EFFECTS  ON  POLLUTANTS
    Klemas, V.,  and D.F.  Polls.   1977.
    Photogrammetric Engineering  and  Remote  Sensing  43(5):599-612.

    Remote  sensing, Spreading, Drift, Movement, Models, Oil  slicks, Estuaries,
    Surveillance, Delaware  Bay,  *Estuarine  fronts

    Aircraft, satellites,  and  boats were used  to study  the behavior of dif-
    ferent  types of fronts  in Delaware  Bay  and their effect  on pollutants in
    order to  provide a  basis  for improving  an oil drift and  spreading model.
    LANDSAT imagery provided  the most effective means of determining the lo-
    cation and extent of  frontal  systems over all parts of the tidal  cycle.

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION


    79B-0353
    RADAR DETECTION OF SURFACE OIL SLICKS
    Kraus, S.P., J.E. Estes, S.G.  Atwater, J.R. Jensen, and R.R.  Vollmers.  1977.
    Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 43(12) :1523-1532.
    Remote sensing, Detection, Natural seepage, Oil  slicks, Platforms, Sur-
    veillance, Equipment, USCG, California, Santa Barbara Channel,  *Radar systems

    As part of a program to develop an all-weather,  day/night airborne sur-
    veillance system for the US Coast Guard, a number of controlled tests
    were conducted off Southern California in May 1976, to evaluate the oil
    slick and surface target  detection capabilities of two Motorola side-
    looking radar systems.  Targets imaged included  natural seeps,  simulated
    oil spills, oil production platforms, and other  man-made or natural features.
    An analysis of imagery from the coincident radar runs indicates that the
    synthetic-aperture coherent-on-receive (COR) system provided  better detec-
    tion of natural and man-made oil  slicks, whereas the real-aperture AN/APS-
    940 system consistently exhibited higher target  resolution results.


    79B-0354
    PHOTOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF WATER QUALITY CHANGES
    Lo, C.P.  1976.
    Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing 42(3):309-315.
    Remote sensing, Environmental  deterioration, Sources, Detection, Oil  dis-
    charges, Water quality, *Hong Kong
    Aerial photographs taken of Rambler Channel, Hong Kong in 1956  and 1975  were
    compared to assess the impact of the changing environment on  the water
    quality.  Among sources of pollution contributing to the changes are oil
    residues left by boats and junks.  The study attests to the effectiveness
    of aerial  photography in detecting and mapping sources and patterns of
    water pollution.


    79B-0355
    REMOTE SENSING APPLIED TO THE PREVENTION AND THE STRUGGLE AGAINST POLLU-
    TION BY HYDROCARBONS
    Massin, J.M.  1978.
    Revue Internationale d'Oceanographie Medicale, Vol.  50:21-30.
    Remote sensing, Analytical  technicques, Movement, Monitoring,  Surveillance,
    Hydrocarbons, Spill  trajectories, Sea surface

    Sea movement caused  by currents,  tides, local winds, sea winds, swell,  and
    Coriolis movement makes weekly analysis at some  remote sensing  stations in-
    accurate.   Statistical  evaluation assumes a great number of analyses are
    taken at a single station over an extended period of time.

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION


    79B-0356
    REPORT ON THE REMOTE SENSING OF OIL  SPILLS IN THE BEAUFORT SEA
    Norcor Engineering and Research.  197_?
    Yellowknife,  Northwest Territories,  Norcor Engineering and Research,
    197_?  26 p.
    Remote sensing,  Oil  spills, Surveillance, Equipment,  Beaufort Sea

    Summary not available.
    [from Marine  Pollution Research Titles 5(4):#620.   1978]


    79B-0357
    THE AIREYE REMOTE  SENSING SYSTEM FOR OIL  SPILL SURVEILLANCE
    White, J.R.,  R.E.  Schmidt,  and  W.E.  Plage.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 301-304.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Remote sensing,  Monitoring, Surveillance,  USCG,  Law enforcement,  Pollution
    control, Tankers,  Ships, Equipment,  *Aireye  system

    An airborne,  real-time, all-weather, day/night remote  sensing system
    designated "Aireye," is being developed by the US Coast Guard.   The  system
    will be installed  on 6 Falcon 20G jet aircraft  and will  include  a side-
    looking airborne radar, a two-channel  infrared/ultraviolet line scanner,
    an aerial reconnaissance camera, an airborne  data  annotation system,  and a
    control, display and record console.  The  sensor will  be  capable  of
    detecting and identifying polluting  ships  at night and "will  produce an-
    notated, hard copy imagery suitable  for prosecution of polluting  vessels."
    3.  Sampling and Analysis


    79B-0358
    CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF WATER SAMPLES  FROM MESO SCALE TANKS
    Ahmadjian,  M.,  M. Brady, C.  Brown,  D.  Goldfarb,  and P.  Lynch.   1978.
    Assessment  of Treated vs.  Untreated Spills  (Interim Report).   M.P.
    Wilson, University of Rhode Island  Report HCP/W4047-02,  Contract  No.
    E(ll-l)  4047.   38 p.

    Sampling, Chemical  analysis,  Hydrocarbons,  Dispersants,  Dispersions

    Two  large  (4000 L)  tanks are  currently being used  to measure the dis-
    persion  of  oil  and  dispersant-treated  oil  into  the water column.  This
    paper describes the tank facilities and details four experiments

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
    to analyze water samples from surface, middle and bottom waters in the
    tank, after the tanks were supplied with oil or oil/dispersant mixtures.
    The four experiments were considered too preliminary to draw any defini-
    tive conclusions.
    79B-0359
    METHODS OF SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL TRACE ANALYSIS BY GAS
    CHROMATOGRAPHY
    Aver-ill, W.  1978.
    Chromatography Newsletter 6(l):4-7.

    Chemical analysis, Chromatography, *Trace analysis

    "A review with 49 references."  [possibly oil  pollution related]

    [from Chemical Abstracts 88(26):#196508f.  1978]


    79B-0360
    A CHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE PRESENT LEVELS AND SOURCES OF HYDROCARBON
    POLLUTANTS IN THE GEORGES BANK REGION
    Boehm, P.O., W.G. Steinhauer, D.L. Fiest, N. Mosesman, et al.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 333-341.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Chemical analysis, Hydrocarbons,  Biogenic hydrocarbons, PAH,  GC/MS,  WSF,
    Sea surface, Sediments, Benthos,  Marine organisms, Zooplankton,  Sources,
    Tankers, Argo Merchant spill, Georges Bank

    The  title study was conducted over 5 seasons  and included hydrocarbon
    analyses of the dissolved, particulate, and surface microlayer fractions
    of the water column, zooplankton, surface sediments, and benthic organisms
    in the Georges Bank area.  Seasonal variations in the hydrocarbon distri-
    bution were found.  Anthropogenic compounds were evident in all  sample
    types except zooplankton.  The presence of petroleum hydrocarbons in  the
    edible sea scallop, Placopecten magellanicus,  and ocean quahog,  Arctica
    is1andic_a_, commonly harvested in  the region, was significant.   Sources
    of input of petrogenic compounds  include  operational discharges  from
    tankers and the Argo Merchant spill.

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION


    79B-0361
    OIL TAINTING OF FISH, A LABORATORY TEST ON SALMON AND SAITHE
    Brandal,  P.O., 0.  Grahl-Nielsen,  0.  Neppelberg,  T.  Palmork,  et al.   1976.
    ICES C. M.  Pap. Rep., No.  E:33.   6 p.

    Chemical  analysis, Sampling,  Contamination, Fish, *Salmon,  *Saithe,  *0il
    tainting

    Summary not available.

    [from Marine Pollution Research  Titles 4(6):#1041.   1977]


    79B-0362
    PROCEDURES FOR QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF HYDROCARBONS EX-
    TRACTED FROM TREATED AND UNTREATED SPILLS
    Brown, C., P. Lynch, and M. Ahmadjian.  1978.
    Assessment of Treated vs.  Untreated Spills (Interim Report).   M.P.  Wilson,
    University of Rhode Island Report HCP/W4047-02,  Contract No.  E(ll-l) 4047.
    38 p.

    Analytical  techniques, Spectroscopy, Hydrocarbons,  Dispersants, Oil
    spills, Chemical analysis

    The title laboratory procedures  utilize infrared analysis,  with carbon
    disulfide as an extracting solvent, to quantitatively and qualitatively
    analyze petroleum hydrocarbons from spills.  For spills treated with
    chemical  dispersants, laboratory methods had to  be designed and tested.
    This paper describes the development of such methods and the applications
    of computer software to analyses of the obtained infrared spectra.


    79B-0363
    MEASUREMENT AND INTERPRETATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN THE PACIFIC OCEAN
    Brown, R.A., T.D.  Searl, and C.B. Koons.  1976.
    Boulder, Colorado, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1976.
    246 p.  (NOAA Data Report ERL MESA-19)

    Hydrocarbons, Concentrations, Detection, Chemical analysis, Pacific Ocean

    Summary not available.
    [from Marine Pollution Research Titles 4(7):#1195.   1977]


    79B-0364
    SAMPLING HYDROCARBONS  IN POLLUTED WATER.  BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW, SAMPLER,
    ANNOTATIONS  [English  summary]
    Carsin, J.L.   1977.
    Revue  Internationale  d'Oceanographie Medicale, Vol. 48:77-86.

    Sampling, Analytical  techniques, Monitoring, Surveillance,  Equipment,
    Chemical analysis, Spectrometry, Bibliographies

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION
    Following a brief summary of oil pollution sampling probes, this article
    describes a new device where a floating sampler draws polluted water which
    is strained through polyurethane foam.  IR spectrometry is used to analyze
    the samples.  Efficiency of the new probe was demonstrated in sea tests
    under various weather conditions.
    79B-0365
    DETECTORS FOR LIQUID  CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS FOR POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC
    HYDROCARBONS
    Christensen, R.G., and W.E. May.  1978.
    Journal of Liquid Chromatography 1(3):385-399.
    Detection, PAH, Analytical techniques, Chromatography, Chemical  analysis,
    *UV photometry

    "A number of liquid chromatographic detectors of various types were
    evaluated for both selectivity and sensitivity forthe detection of PAH.
    Detection limits for fixed and variable wavelength UV photometers, filter
    fluorometers, and spectrofluorometers were determined.  The utility of
    each of these types of detectors for use in the reversed-phase high-
    performance liquid chromatographic analysis of environmental  extracts
    containing trace levels of PAH is discussed."  [possibly oil  pollution
    related]
    [from Chemical Abstracts 89(8):#7074u.  1978]


    79B-0366
    COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS OF TREATED AND UNTREATED OIL SPILL VAPORS
    Goldfarb, D., and C. Brown.  1978.
    Assessment of Treated vs. Untreated Spills (Interim Report).   M.P- Wilson,
    University of Rhode Island Report HCP/W4047-02, Contract No.  E(ll-l) 4047.
    84 p.
    Chemical analysis, Sampling, Dispersants, Oil spills, Evaporation, Hydro-
    carbons, *0il spill vapors
    Collection and analysis of air samples can be successfully used as a
    method for measuring evaporation rates of oil components.  In laboratory
    experiments, the application of the dispersant Corexit 9527 to spilled
    oil, followed by agitation of the water under the spill  resulted in signifi
    cantly slower evaporation rates for the light n-alkanes  (n-C7 to n-C10).
    Comparisons of evaporation rates of treated and untreated oil spills are
    presented.

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION


    79B-0367
    PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN THE NORTH  SEA
    Grahl-Nielsen, 0., K.  Westrheim,  and S.  Wilhelmsen.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC,  American Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.  p. 629-632.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Hydrocarbons, Concentrations, Detection,  Sampling,  Distribution,  Chroma-
    tography, Chemical analysis, North Sea

    Using water samples taken since 1976 at depths  from 1 m to 100  m  by a
    special  water sampler,  test results from capillary gas chromatography
    indicate very low levels of non-volatile petroleum hydrocarbons in  the
    North Sea.


    79B-Q368
    C15+ HYDROCARBONS IN THE SEDIMENTS OF THE NEW YORK BIGHT
    Koons, C.B., and J.P.  Thomas.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC,  American Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.  p. 629-632.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Hydrocarbons, Distribution, Sampling, Concentrations, Sediments,  Harbors,
    OCS, New York

    The abundance of C1^+ hydrocarbons from New  York  Harbor,  the  Hudson  River,
    and across the continental  shelf to the rise was  documented  in  this  study
    using a  multiple corer, a bottom grab,  and the  submersible vessel Alvin
    as collectors.  Concentrations were highest  in  areas most  impacted  by
    man; harbor sediments, dredge spoil, and  sewer  sediments  showed  3000-
    6000 ppm, while continental shelf areas and  continental  rise  areas  showed
    80 ppm and 40 ppm, respectively.


    79B-0369
    SUPPLY OF POLLUTANTS TO KAGOSHIMA BAY AND PRESENT CONDITION  OF  THE  WATER
    QUALITY  OF SEA WATER IN THE BAY
    Onishi,  T., M, Kamada, and  H. Sakamoto.   1976.
    Kagoshima Daigaku Rika Hokaku, Vol.  25:69-132.

    Water quality, Contaminants, Sources, Chemical  analysis, Bays,  Japan
    Summary  not available,   [possibly oil pollution related]
    [from Chemical  Abstracts 87(8):#58222m.   1977]
                                     10

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION


    79B-0370
    CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF MOUSSE AND SELECTED ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES
    FROM THE AMOCO CADIZ OIL SPILL
    Overton, E.B., J.R. Patel, and J.L. Laseter.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 169-174.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Chemical analysis, Sampling, PAH, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Oxidation, Uptake,
    Marine Organisms, Sediments, Amoco Cadiz spill ,  GC/MS,  *Mousse

    Mousse, biota, soil, sediment and reference mousse (collected immediately
    adjacent to the Amoco Cadiz wreck) samples were  collected during and
    shortly after the spill and analyzed by high resolution gas chromatography
    and GC/MS techniques.  Abundant quantities of alkylated polynuclear aromatic
    hydrocarbons  (PAHs) were noted.  For the most part, the oil comprising the
    mousse was not heavily weathered.  Organisms had accumulated large quanti-
    ties of PAHs  in their tissues.  The spilled oil  showed  some evidence of
    oxidation.


    79B-0371
    DETERMINATION OF THE OIL CONTENT IN THE BALTIC WATER BY MEANS OF INFRARED
    SPECTROSCOPY [in German]
    Rohde, K.H.   1976.
    Seewirtschaft, Vol. 8:115-116.

    Chemical analysis, Concentrations, Spectroscopy. Baltic Sea, *IR

    Summary not available.

    [Marine Pollution  Research Titles 4(5):=875.  1977]


    79B-0372
    APPLICATION OF MASS SPECTROSCOPY TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF EFFLUENTS FROM
    ENERGY-RELATED INDUSTRIES
    Sharkey, A.J.  1976.
    Annual Symposium on Recent Advances in the Analytical  Chemistry of
    Pollutants, 6th, Vienna, Austria, 1976.  p. -.

    Spectroscopy, Chemical analysis, Wastewaters, Industries

    Summary not available,  [possibly oil  pollution related]
                                      11

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION


    79B-0373
    COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS FOR OIL AND GREASE DETERMINATION
    Short, J.W., S.D. Rice, and D.L.  Cheatham.   1976.
    Assessment of the Arctic Marine Environment, Selected Topics.   D.W.  Hood
    and D.C. Burrell  (eds.).  Fairbanks,  University of Alaska, Institute of
    Marine Science, 1976.   p. 451-462.   (Occasional  Publication No.  4)

    Analytical techniques,  Detection, Toxicity,  Concentrations, *Spectro-
    photometry, *Gravimetric analysis
    A comparison is made of two methods for determination of oil  pollution
    levels in discharge waters, a gravimetric method  used by government
    regulatory agencies and infrared spectrophotometry.   The gravimetric
    method is adequate for grease but not for oils.   While the gravimetric
    method is sensitive to the heavier compounds, these have only a  casual
    relationship to acute toxicity.  Where it is necessary that oil  concen-
    tration be correlated with chemical toxicity, the infrared method should
    be used.


    79B-0374
    HYDROCARBONS IN SEDIMENTS FROM THE EDGE OF THE BERMUDA PLATFORM
    Sleeter, T.D., J.N. Butler, and J.E.  Barbash, 1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 615-620.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Sediments, Hydrocarbons, Concentrations, Tropical regions, Sampling,
    Coastal waters, Models, Bermuda

    Surficial and subsurface (10-13 cm) sediment samples were taken at 17 sta-
    tions  (17 cores) on the northern margin of the Bermuda seamount.   Aliphatic
    hydrocarbon content was low compared to the North Atlantic abyssal  plain
    and 2x lower than typical coastal samples.  Concentrations of petroleum
    hydrocarbons were lower in subsurface than surface samples, and lower out-
    side the reef than inside.  Results were quantitatively consistent with
    a diffusion model.


    79B-0375
    MANUAL OF METHODS FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF WATER AND WASTES
    US Environmental  Protection Agency.  1976.
    Report EPA-625-6-74-003a, NTIS Report PB 259 973.  xvii + 300 p. (2nd ed.)
    Chemical analysis, Analytical techniques, Wastewaters, Detection, Oil-
    water  separation, *IR

    The analytical procedures used by EPA laboratories for the examination of
    ground and  surface waters, domestic and industrial waste effluents,  and
    teatment  process samples are described.  Methods for oil and grease  ex-
    traction  and analysis are included.


                                      12

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION


    79B-0376
    DETERMINATION OF PETROLEUM COMPONENTS IN SAMPLES FROM THE METULA OIL SPILL
    Warner, J.S.  1976.
    The Metula Oil Spill.  C.G. Gunnerson, and G. Peter.  1976.  Boulder,
    Colorado, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental
    Research Laboratories, 1976.  60 p.  NOAA Special Report.  (Appendix B,
    attached microfiche)

    Oil spills, Sampling, Sediments, GC/MS, Weathering, Concentrations, Onshore
    impacts, Chemical analysis, Biological effects, Metula spill, Strait of
    Magellan, Chile

    Forty-one sediment samples and seven tissue samples were analyzed for
    petroleum components.  CG/MS analysis revealed high concentrations of
    Metula oil in the samples; the oil  differed from the whole oil  only by
    the loss of lower-boiling components, including the toxic benzenes and
    naphthalenes. "There was no evidence of any significant amount of selec-
    tive microbiological weathering of normal paraffins."
    4.  Source Identification
    79B-0377
    THE LEGAL ASPECTS OF OIL SPILL FINGERPRINTING
    Bentz, A.P., and S.L. Smith, Jr.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 3-6.  (API Publication No. 4308)
    Source identification, USCG, Chemical analysis, Oil  spills,  Compensation,
    Liability
    The USCG oil spill  identification system can match the chemical  charac-
    terisitcs of a spill sample with those of a suspected source sample.   The
    system has aided in the successful  collection of cleanup costs and civil
    penalties.  The use of the resulting evidence in court supports  the  con-
    clusion that the system is scientifically and legally sound.
    79B-0378
    FIELD INFRARED METHOD TO DISCRIMINATE NATURAL SEEPS FROM NONSEEPS
    Eastwood, D., and D.F. Grant.  1976.
    US Coast Guard Report CG-D-32-77.  25 p.
    Source identification, Natural  seepage, Weathering, Sampling, Chemical
    analysis, Analytical  techniques, Spectroscropy
                                     13

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION


    The title study has developed a simple procedure with infrared  instrumenta*
    tion and a minimum of training and sample preparation to discriminate
    between seep and non-seep oils.  It is based on the comparison  between
    the 13.8 y and 13.5 y peaks (for both weathered and unweathered oils) and
    in the carbonyl region at 5.85 y (for unweathered oils only).


    79B-0379
    METHODS FOR THE SOURCE IDENTIFICATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF OIL POLLUTION
    Frank, U., D. Stainken, and M. Gruenfeld.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p. 323-331.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Source identification, Analytical techniques, Sampling, Chemical  analysis,
    Hydrocarbons, Chromatography, Spectroscopy, *IR, *UV, *Fluorescence

    "This  paper presents a concise review of oil analysis methods  used by
    several U.S. agencies, industrial organizations, and standard  setting
    societies.  Oil analysis methods published by these organizations are
    evaluated with regard to their convenience and safety for general  labora-
    tory use, ability to yield correct quantification data, and correctness
    in identifying the presence and source of discharge of petroleum oil  pol-
    lution.  Several procedures also are addressed for isolating individual
    petroleum fractions and hydrocarbons from environmental samples for the
    purpose of monitoring for the presence of oil pollution in sediments and
    tissues."
    79B-0380
    EVIDENCE OF ARGO MERCHANT CARGO OIL IN MARINE BIOTA BY GLASS CAPILLARY
    GC ANALYSIS
    MacLeod, W.D., Jr., L.C. Thomas, M.Y.  Uyeda, and R.G. Jenkins.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological Sciences,
    1978.   p. 137-151.

    Source identification, Chromatography, Chemical  analysis,  Analytical
    techniques, Hydrocarbons, Fish, Fate,  Argo Merchant spill,  Massachusetts

    Thirty-seven samples of marine biota collected in response  to the  Argo
    Merchant oil spill were analyzed for hydrocarbons by the title method.
    The use of short glass capillaries (2  m)  reduced GC analysis times  com-
    pared  to packed columns of comparable  resolution (7 min vs  40+ min), and
    GC analysis on longer columns  (20 m) provided  extensive detail on  hydro-
    carbon distribution patterns  from samples  of marine biota and the Argo
    Merchant cargo.  Saturated hydrocarbons from the stomach contents of two
    cod samples and one windowpane flounder sample  compared well  with the cargo
    chromatogram.
                                     14

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION


    79B-0381
    CLASSIFICATION OF OILS BY THE APPLICATION OF PATTERN RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES
    TO INFRARED SPECTRA
    Mattson, J.  1976.
    US Coast Guard Report CG-D-6-77.  47 p.  (NTIS Report AD-A039 387.)

    Source identification, Chemical analysis, Monitoring, Petroleum products,
    Oil spills
    Parametric and nonparametric methods of pattern recognition have been used
    to group petroleum oils into six classes based solely upon infrared
    spectral data.  A set consisting of 204 crude, lubricating, and fuel  oils
    was correctly classified 82% of the time, and 89% of the oils were correct-
    ly assigned using linear discriminant function analysis.  A simplified x2
    test is developed for the "infinite class" problem, i.e., the finger-
    printing of an oil spill.
                                      15

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B.  OIL POLLUTION  PREVENTION AND CONTROL

    1.  Containment
    79B-9382
    HYDRO-CARPET  OIL  SPILLAGE CONTAINMENT  AND RECOVERY DEVICE
    Amerada Hess  Corp.   1978.
    US Patent 4,102,789

    Spill containment,  Spill removal, Oil  transfer, Ships, Equipment,  Design-
    engineering,  Patent, *Hydro-carpet

    A hydro-carpet  apparatus for spill  containment and recovery  of contamin-
    ants from spills  occurring during oil  transfer from a vessel  to shore is
    described.  "The  apparatus uses a compactly storable and manually  pull-
    able and incrementally dispersable  elongate floatable hydrocarpet  for the
    downstream containment and recovery of contaminants of oil spills  and
    permitting emergency deployment when required."

    [from Underwater  Information Bulletin  ll(l):#79/02/28.  1979.J

                    4,102,789
     HYDRO-CARPET OIL SPILLAGE CONTAINMENT AND
               RECOVERY DEVICE
     Richard W. Young, Edison, N.J., assignor to Amerada Hess
      Corporation, Woodbridge, N.J.
      Continuation of Ser. No. 141,619, Dec. 6, 1976, abandoned,
      which is a continuation  of Ser. No. 572,538, Apr. 28, 1975,
      abandoned. This application Jul. 18, 1977, Ser. No. 816,570
                 Int.  O.2 C02B 9/02
     V.S. a. 210—252 AS                  3 Claims
    79B-0383
    OIL BOOM
    British Petroleum Co., Ltd.  1978.
    US Patent 4,112,689

    Spill  containment,  Spill
    Patent
removal, Booms,  Design-engineering, Equipment,
    Each section of  this  containment boom comprises a flexible buoyant  chamber,
    a ballast water  chamber, and a further water containing chamber that  is
    more buoyant than  the first.  The further  water chamber and the buoyant
    chamber are connected side by side with  the  ballast chamber.   The three
    chambers are positioned relative to one  another "so that when in use  on
    water the buoyant  chamber and ballast water  chamber together  form a bar-
    rier for oil spilt in water and the further  water chamber defines a weir
    between itself and the other chambers, this  weir being provided with means
    to remove oil and  water therefrom."
    [from Underwater Information Bulletin 11(2):#79/04/56.   1979]
                                      16

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
                      4,112,689
                     OIL BOOM
     Michael Guthrie Webb, Wootton Bridge, England, assignor to
       The British Petroleum Company Limited, London, England
              Filed Aug. 2, 1977, Set. No. 821,159
       Claims priority, application United Kingdom, Aug. 6, 1976.
     32804/76
                  Int Cl.2 E02B 15/04
     VS. CL 405-^53                       n claims
     79B-0384
     OIL CONTROL SYSTEM
     British Petroleum Co., Ltd.   1978.
     US Patent  4,123,911

     Spill containment,  Booms,  Ships, Equipment, Design-engineering,  Patent

     A method  is described for  deploying  an inflatable, flexible, floating oil
     containment barrier from a  support vessel.  The  barrier  is progessively
     discharged from  the support  vessel while being  inflated.   The barrier
     takes up  a closed curved shape away  from the  vessel, the  far end of the
     barrier is attached to a second support vessel   or anchoring point, and
     the deployed barrier is maintained in  an inflated state.

     [from Underwater Information Bulletin  11(2):#79/04/62.   1979]
                      4,123,911
                OIL CONTROL SYSTEM
      Arthur Finigan, Guildford, and Michael G. Webb, Wootton
       Bridge, Isle of Wight, both of England, assignors to The Brit-
       ish Petroleum Company Limited, London, England
             Filed Oct. 14, 1977, S«r. No. 842,164
       Claims priority, application United Kingdom, Oct. 20, 1976,
      43513/76
                  Int O.2 E02B 15/04
      VS. a. 405—68                       8 Claims
     79B-0385
     A  STUDY ON  THE FEASIBILITY OF UNDERWATER CONTAINMENT OF  SUBSEA OIL SPILLS
     IN ARCTIC WATERS
     Chen, K.W.   1979.
     Spill Technology Newsletter  4(l):37-45.

     Spill containment,  Blowouts,  Spill removal, Arctic, Equipment, OCS,
     Design-engineering,  *Underwater containment
                                          17

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    The title study is based on an  investigation  of possible  responses  to  three
    hypothetical  blowout scenarios  in  Canadian  Arctic  offshore waters,  involv-
    ing water depths to 770 m,  and  oil  and gas  flow rates  ranging  up  to 2,400
    m^ and  360,000 tn^, respectively.   This paper discusses the  currently
    available or  possible technology for:  1)  Containing  the oil  from  a  deep-
    water or shallow subsea well  blowout,  at  or near the point of  escape,  and
    2) collecting the oil underwater to prevent it from  reaching the  sea sur-
    face.  Described are plastic, metal,  and  weighted  fabric  domes.


    79B-0386
    DEVELOPMENT AND TESTS OF AN AIR-JET OIL BOOM
    Cohen, S.H.,  and W.T. Lindenmuth.   1979.
    1979 Oil  Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles,  19-22  March 1979.   Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 483-487.  (API Publication  No.  4308)

    Spill containment, Booms, Oil slicks,  Design-engineering, Equipment, EPA,
    *Performance  testing, *OHMSETT  facility

    "This paper describes the development of the  Air-Jet Boom, a novel  boom
    which has the capability to divert oil slicks under  wave  and current con-
    ditions that  normally preclude  the deployment of conventional  booms."
    Performance tests at EPA's  OHMSETT test facility show  that the Air-Jet
    Boom is capable of diverting thin  oil  slicks  (2 mm)  in 3-knot  currents
    with a 15% loss when deployed at 30 degrees to the flow.  At a 20 degree
    deployment angle (3 knots)  a 3  mm  oil  slick can be diverted  with  a  10%
    loss.  Moreover, in the presence of steep four-foot  waves, the boom's
    performance is  virtually unchanged.


    79B-0387
    THE USE OF DEFLECTORS FOR DEPLOYMENT  OF OIL BOOMS  IN RIVERS
    Greene, G.D., A.Z. Brodsky, M.E. Charles, and D. Mackay.  1979.
    1979 Oil  Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles,  19-22  March 1979.   Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 411-417.  (API Publication  No.  4308)

    Spill containment, Booms, Rivers,  Design-engineering,  *Deflectors

    Deflectors for  aligning booms at an angle to  the current  in  flowing  waters
    were designed and field tested.  Agreement  was found between the  field
    results and the hydrodynamic  theory used  to predict  the proper angle of
    deflection.   A graphical method has been devised  to enable on-scene com-
    manders to calculate the requirements  for deflecting a given boom.   Prac-
    tical  applications of the deflector-boom  systems are discussed.

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    79B-0388
    GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN OF AIR BUBBLE SYSTEMS
    Ismail, N.  1977.
    Coastal Engineering Conference, 15th, Honolulu, 1976.   Vol.  IV:2994-3013.

    Spill containment, Equipment, Design-engineering, Dispersion

    A comprehensive study of gas-liquid dispersions was carried  out to deter-
    mine the effect of physical properties, distributor arrangement, and air
    flow rate on the rate of the jet.  The zone of flow establishment was found
    to extend greater distances of the water depth than in the case of one-
    phase turbulent plumes.  Results showed that efficiency of air bubble
    plumes can be increased by proper distributor design for which recommenda-
    tions are provided.
    79B-0389
    OIL SLICK INSTABILITY AND THE ENTRAPMENT FAILURE OF OIL CONTAINMENT BOOMS
    Leibovich, S.  1976.
    Journal of Fluids Engineering 98(1):98-105.

    Spill containment, Booms, Oil slicks, Models, Equipment, Physical  effects,
    Behavior

    Failure of oil entrainment by booms occurs when the relative velocity of
    the oil layer and water current exceed a critical  value.  The onset of
    droplet formation from contained slicks is due to the breaking of  finite
    amplitude  interfacial  waves.  The waves result from the equilibration of
    amplifying Kevin-Helmholtz waves.  Conditions for droplet shedding from
    the headwave alone and the entire slick are derived.
    79B-0390
    CONTAINMENT BARRIER SECTION ARRANGEMENT
    Meyers, F.  1978.
    US Patent 4,068,478

    Spill containment, Booms, Equipment, Flotation, Design-engineering,  Patent

    An improved oil containment boom section comprises flotation means having
    "a predetermined buoyancy to provide upper portions thereof above the
    surface level of a liquid body for the conditions of the boom section in
    the liquid body, and a lower portion below the surface level."

    [from Underwater Information Bulletin 10(3):#78/06/46.  1978]
                                     19

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
                      4,068,478
      CONTAINMENT BARRIER SECTION ARRANGEMENT
      Frank Meyers; Henry J. Folson, and Gwenn B. Meyers, all of
       Los Angeles, Calif., assignors to Frank Meyers, Torrance,
       Calif.
              FUed NOT. 3, 1575, Ser. No. 628,231
                  Int CL2 E02B 15/04
      VS. Cl. 61—1 F                      78 Claims
     79B-0391
     BARRIER  CONSTRUCTION FOR WATER  CARRIED  POLLUTANTS
     Preus, P.   1978.
     US Patent  4,065,923
     Spill containment, Booms, Design-engineering,  Patent,  Equipment,
     A  new design for  segmented oil  containment barrier is  detailed.
     is comprised of a series of end to end-connected boom  sections,
 The  barrier
each  of
    which has  a hollow tubular sleeve containing  a  floatable material
    [from Underwater Information Bulletin  10(3):#78/06/17.   1978]
                      4,065,923
       BARRIER CONSTRUCTION FOR WATER CARRIED
                    POLLUTANTS
     Paul Freu?, 21 Smith Road, Toms River, N.J. 08753
      Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 676,794, April 14, 1976. This
            application Oct. 5. 1975, Ser. No. 729,713
                  Int. Cl.- E02B 15/04
     U.S. Q. 61—1 F                       4 Claims
       1. A barrier for water carried pollutants comprising a series
     of end to end connected boom sections, each of said boom
     sect.ons comprising a hollow tubular sleeve containing a float-
     able material therein, saia barrier characterized by z cable
     79B-0392
     INFLATABLE BARRIER
     Preus,  P.   1978.
     US Patent  4,104,884
     Spill containment, Booms,  Equipment, Design-engineering,  Patent
     A spill containment boom is described which consists of end to end con-
     nectable  boom  sections,  each of  which comprises  a  tubular sleeve  contain-
     ing seven  inflatable tubular chambers.
     [from Underwater  Information Bulletin 11(1):#79/02/49.  1979]
                                          20

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
                     4,104,884
                INFLATABLE BARRIER
     Paul Preus, Smith R«L, Toms Riyer, N J. 08753
      Continuation of Ser. No. 676,795, Apr. 14, 1976, abandoned.
          This application Apr. 13, 1977, S?r. No. 786,993
                  Int CL2 E02B 15/04
     VS. CL 61—1 F                       3 Claims
     79B-0393
     CRYOTHERMAL  MANIPULATION OF PETROLEUM
     Ross, S.L.,  0. Shuffman, and  R.  Shuffman.   1978.
     US Patent  4,114,552
     Spill containment, Leakage, Ships, Patent,  Pollution  control,  *Cryotherma1
     method
     A method for stopping  the leakage of a  body of petroleum through a crack
     above the  water line  in a vessel  hull is described.   A mass of
     cryothermal material  is positioned adjacent  to the crack "so as to in-
     crease the surface tension of petroleum seeping though the crack and
     ultimately solidify  the petroleum seeping  through the crack thereby form-
     ing a plug to prevent  leakage."
     [from Underwater  Information  Bulletin 11(2):#79/04/34.  1979]
                     4,114,552
      CRYOTHERMAL MANIPULATION OF PETROLEUM
     Sigmund Lance Ross, 1280 E. 53rd St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11234;
      Oscar Shuffman, deceased, late of Scarsdale, N.Y, and by
      Rose Shuffman, executrix, 1 Cornell, Scarsdale, N.Y. 10583
     Division of Ser. No. 246,960, Apr. 24,1972, Pat No. 4,031,707.
         This application Jan. 26, 1977, Ser. No. 762,6^9
              Int. Cl.; B63B 43/16; F25D 3/00
     U.S. Q. 114—227                      4 Claims
     79B-0394
     OIL FENCE
     AB  Sjuntorp.   1978.
     US  Patent 4,084,380.
     Spill  containment, Booms, Equipment, Design-engineering, Patent
     An  oil containment barrier made  from three layers  of impregnated woven
     textile material, interwoven to  form an  integrated single layer, is
     described.
     [from Underwater Information Bulletin 10(6):#78/12/28.   1978]
                                         21

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND  CONTROL
                    4,084,380
                   OIL FENCE
     Rudolf G. Hallhagen, Goteborg, Sweden, assignor to AB Sjun-
      torp, Sjuntorp, Sweden
             Filed Jnn. 3, 1S76, Ser. No. 692^82
                 Int CL2 E02B 15/04
     VS. CL 61—1 F                     5 Claims
    79B-0395
    OIL RECOVERY FROM UNDER RIVER  ICE
    Telford, A. S., and H. A. Quam.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention,  Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington,  DC,  American Petroleum Institute
    1979.  p. 397-402.  (API Publication  No.  4308)
    Spill containment, Spill removal,  Rivers, Ice, Equipment, Skimmers
    A field exercise designed to test  the effectiveness of an angled slot in
    recovering oil spilled in an ice-covered river is described.  The slot was
    placed downstream from the experimental  spill  site at a 30° angle to the
    current.  The dimensions and capacity of the slot are given and the equip-
    ment used for cutting the slot and collecting  the oil is discussed.  The
    method was determined effective for capturing  and diverting oil in under-
    ice conditions.
    79B-0396
    DEVELOPMENT OF A NOVEL  ICE BOOM  FOR  FLOWING WATERS
    Tsang, G., and N. Vanderkooy.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington,  DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p. 377-385.  (API Publication  No.  4308)
    Spill  containment, Booms,
    *Canadian Coast Guard
Ice,  Design-engineering, Rivers, USCG,
    A barrier which would allow spilled  oil  to  pass  through while barring pas-
    sage of ice floes from the recovery  area  in an  ice-infested river has been
    jointly developed and tested by the  US and  Canadian  Coast  Guards.  The
    theory and design of the ice boom are explained  and  diagrammed in detail.
                                      22

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B.  OIL POLLUTION  PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0397
    RECOVERY OF  OIL  SPILLED UNDER RIVER ICE COVER
    Tsang, G.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC, American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  387-396.   (API Publication No. 4308)
    Spill containment,  Rivers,  Ice, Design-engineering, Spill  removal
    A method for the recovery of oil spilled under  river  ice was studied in
    the laboratory and  successfully field tested in March 1978.   The method
    involves cutting an angled  slot in the ice at a point downstream from the
    spill.  Ice-imbedded containment barriers and slot-barrier combinations
    were also  investigated.  Theoretical considerations of the parameters af-
    fecting the  design  and effectiveness of the slot are  addressed.   A com-
    parison of laboratory predictions and field results is also  presented.


    79B-0398
    TOW PLATE  FOR  FLOATING BOOM
    Uniroyal Inc.  1978.
    US Patent  4,078,513

    Spill containment,  Booms, Design-engineering, Equipment, Patent, *Tow plate
    Details  of  a  tow plate designed for use with a floating oil  containment
    boom are presented.
    [from Underwater Information Bulletin 10(5):#78/10/78.  1978]
                                4,078T513
                       TOW PLATE FOR FLOATING BOOM
                 Robert Eogene Dorset, Sonth Bend, In
-------
B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND  CONTROL
    2.  Cleanup and Removal
    79B-0399
    CONTAINMENT AND RECOVERY TECHNIQUES  FOR  COLD WEATHER,  INLAND OIL  SPILLS
    Allen, A.A.   1979.
    1979 Oil  Spill  Conference  (Prevention, Behavior,  Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles,  19-22  March 1979.   Washington, DC, American Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.  p.  345-353.  (API Publication No. 4308)
    Spill cleanup, Spill
    *Land spills
                      containment, Inland, Rivers,  Ice, Equipment,  Sorbents,
    Various  techniques for  the  containment and  cleanup of inland oil  spills
    during cold weather are  described.  Surface blocking, trenching,  and
    floating,  snow absorption,  and conventional  pumping and sorption  proce-
    dures may  be used for onshore spills.  Cleanup approaches for  spills on
    stationary or moving water  and ice are also discussed.
                                                    FLOATING ON A LIQUID  SURFACE
79B-0400
METHOD  FOR COLLECTING LIGHT-WEIGHT SUBSTANCE
Ballast-Nedam Groep.  1977.
US Patent  4,046,691
Spill cleanup, Spill containment, Design-engineering, Equipment,  Patent

Floating oil  is collected  by means of an enclosure with an open bottom
and sidewalls, extending from beneath the oil-water interface to  above
the surface of the water.  A nozzle is located  above the water surface
outside of and spaced from the sidewalls; the nozzle points downward  to
direct a stream of oil/water to a location  below and within the area  of
enclosure, from where the  oil  can be removed.

[from Underwater Information Bulletin 10(2):#78/04/10.  1978]
                                      4,046,691
                         MKTHOD FOR COLLECTING LIGHT-WEIGHT
                        SUBSTANCE FLOATING ON A LIQUID SURFACE
                      Eric Irons, East Hidden, England, assignor to Ball*st-Nedam
                       Groep, N.V., Anwtelreen, Netherlands
                      Continuation of Ser. No. 545,552, Jan. 30,1975, abandoned. This
                            application Apr. 26, 1976, Ser. No. 680,449
                       Claims priority, application United Kingdom, Feb. 25, 1974,
                      9211/74; Netherlands, Aug. 23, 1974, 7411232
                                  Int. CU E02B 15/04
                      VS. CL 210—«3                      3 Claims
                                       24

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0401
    THE GROUNDING OF THE IMPERIAL ST. CLAIR—A CASE HISTORY OF CONTENDING WITH
    OIL IN ICE
    Beckett, C.J.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 371-375.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Oil spills, Spill cleanup, Ice, Incineration, Fuel  oil, Great Lakes,
    *Imperial St. Clair spill

    A chronology of events following the 23 December 1976 grounding of the
    Imperial St. Clair  in Lake Huron, which resulted in the spillage of an
    estimated 1600 bbls of diesel fuel and  gasoline, is given.  Under the
    winter ice conditions that prevailed at the time, burning was found to
    be the most effective method for dealing with the spill.


    79B-0402
    THE AMOCO CADIZ OIL SPILL CLEANUP OPERATIONS - AN OVERVIEW OF THE ORGANIZA-
    TION, CONTROL AND EVALUATION OF THE CLEANUP TECHNIQUES EMPLOYED
    Bellier, P., and G. Massart.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 141 146.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Spill response, Spill cleanup, Spill disposal, Amoco Cadiz spill, Coasts,
    Shorelines, Beaches, Harbors, Estuaries, France

    In the cleanup operations, the French Navy handled  offshore operations,
    and several government agencies and Army corps had  responsibility for on-
    shore cleanup.  This paper describes attempts to minimize spill impacts
    and to protect the  shoreline, pumping of the stranded oil where accessible,
    cleanup of sandy and shingle beaches, rocky coasts, harbors and estuaries,
    and disposal and treatment of oil and oils debris.   In all, some 223,000
    tons of light crude oil  were spilled, and less than 20,000 tons of oil
    were finally recovered after separation from the total mass of material
    obtained from the coastal zone.  Almost 10,000 persons worked on the
    cleanup project at  its busiest period.
                                      25

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B.   OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION  AND  CONTROL


    79B-0403
    NEW PROCEDURES FOR THE TOXICITY  TESTING OF OIL SLICK DISPERSANTS
    Blackman,  R.A.A.,  F.L. Franklin,  M.6.  Norton, and  K.M. Wilson.  1977.
    Technical  Reports  of the  Fisherires  Laboratory,  Lowestoft, UK, Vol. 39.7 p

    Dispersants,  Toxicity, Oil  slicks, Analytical techniques, Beaches,
    Environmental effects, Spill  cleanup,  Beach  cleanup, UK, licensing

    Technical  descriptions of the different methods  used to  test  dispersants
    used on the open sea and  on oiled beaches are provided.  Results  of sea
    tests show that conventional  dispersants  tend to neutralize or inhibit
    the toxicity of dispersed oil, whereas concentrates may  increase  the
    toxicity.   In the  beach test mortalities  of  limpets exposed to crude
    oil alone  range from 67 to 93%;  the  addition of  dispersants leads to
    a wider range, 22  to 96%.  Licensing standards and procedures for dis-
    persant use in the UK under the Dumping at Sea Act of  1974 are given.
    [Also published in Marine Pollution  Bulletin 9(9):234-238.  1978]

    [from Marine Pollution Research Titles 5(2):#230.   1979]


    79B-0404
    CLEANING PRODUCTS  USED IN OPERATIONS AFTER THE AMOCO CADIZ DISASTER
    Bocard, C., P. Renault, and J. Croquette.  1979.
    1979 Oil  Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles,  19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p.  163-169.  (API  Publication No.  4308)

    Spill  cleanup, Spill removal, Amoco  Cadiz spill, Equipment, Sorbents,
    Dispersants,  Biodegradation,  Emulsions, *Chemical  agents

    In addition to the extremely unfavorable  weather and the location of the
    Amoco Cadiz grounding, the rapid formation of  "chocolate mousse"  severely
    limited the efficiency of different  cleanup  materials  and techniques
    used.   At  sea, restrictions on dispersant usage  led to the use of sink-
    ing agents and sorbents,  including an  experimental  rubber powder  product
    and onshore and inland emulsion breakers,  sorbents,  dispersants and bio-
    degradation aids.   These  chemicals proved to be  the only usable cleanup
    technique  in  some  situations; in other situations,  they  improved  the
    efficiency of mechanical  cleanup techniques.


    79B-0405
    THE USE OF AIRCRAFT FOR THE CLEARANCE  OF OIL SPILLS AT SEA
    Cormack, D.,  and H.  Parker.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p.  469-473.  (API  Publication No. 4308)
    Spill  cleanup, Spill  removal,  Oil slicks,  Dispersants,  Cost  analysis,
    *Aircraft


                                     26

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    Experiments conducted in the laboratory and at sea indicated that oil  can
    be chemically dispersed without the need for artificial  agitation.  Field
    trials to determine the optimal dispersant droplet size  for correct aerial
    dispersant distribution were followed by experimental  oil  slicks at sea,
    which were aerially treated with dispersants.  Results of  these experi-
    ments are presented for various crude oils and for different aircraft
    used.  Logistics, costs, and the overall feasility of aircraft application
    of dispersants on offshore spills are discussed and compared with con-
    ventional dispersant operations.
    79B-0406
    IMPACT OF DISPERSANT USE DURING THE BRAZILIAN MARINA INCIDENT
    Dew!ing, R.T., and C.C. Silva.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 269-276.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Dispersants, Environmental effects, Spill  cleanup, Fate,  Beaches,  Sedi-
    ments, Crude oil, Brazil, *Brazi1ian Marina spill

    Results of a study on the impact of dispersants used to remove Kuwait
    crude oil accumulated on the beaches following the 9 January 1978  spill
    from the tanker Brazilian Marina are reported.  Use of the dispersants
    caused oil to penetrate more deeply into the sand, compounding the
    pollution problem and possibly contributing to the persistence of  the
    oil.  Penetration of detergent-treated oil on beaches appears to be  a
    function of the nature of the oil and the particle size distribution  of
    the sand.
    79B-0407
    ASSESSMENT OF THE ACW-400 OIL SKIMMER BY THE CANADIAN COAST GUARD FOR OIL
    SPILL COUNTERMEASURE OPERATIONS
    Gill, S.D., and W. Ryan.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 497-499.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Spill cleanup, Skimmers, Design-engineering, Equipment,  ^Canadian Coast
    Guard, *Performance testing

    In the title performance assessment, a series of static  and field accep-
    tance trials were performed at St.  John's, Newfoundland.  These tests
    are described and an evaluation of the skimmer  with respect to specific
    requirements of the Canadian Coast Guard is given.   The  device appears
    well  designed and meets the safety, transportability, flexibility, sea-
    keeping, and oil  recovery criteria required to  fulfill  the specific  counter-
    measures obligations of the Canadian Coast Guard.
                                     27

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION  AND CONTROL
    79B-0408
    OIL SPILL DEBRIS  DISPOSAL  HARDWARE SYSTEMS:  METHODS  FOR  CONCEPTUALIZATION
    AND DEVELOPMENT
    Hansen, W.G., D.E.  Ross, and J.R. Sinclair.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference  (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March  1979.   Washington, DC, American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 507-513.   (API Publication No. 4308)
    Spill removal, Spill  disposal, Equipment, Design-engineering, USCG,
    *Debris disposal  systems
    US Coast Guard-sponsored research has determined that additional  equip-
    ment systems are  necessary for the effective disposal  of  wastes collected
    during cleanup of oil  spills.  It was found that,  in  most cases,  existing
    systems are designed  for specific environmental and debris conditions and
    may not provide sufficient flexibility for the  variety of  situations that
    can be encountered during  Coast Guard operations.  However, there is equip-
    ment presently available that can be included  in disposal systems, and
    which would be responsive  to a wide range of oil spill  scenarios.
    79B-Q409
    SKIMMING APPARATUS
    Hartwick, N.J.R., and D.C.C. Lathe.  1978.
    US Patent 4,085,049

    Spill cleanup,  Skimmers,  Flotation, Equipment,  Design-engineering, Patent

    An oil skimmer  is described,  which consists of a  pair of float members
    spaced around an elongate open-sided oil containment  reservoir containing
    a weir edge  that is parallel with the reservoir longitudinal  axis.  The
    reservoir is rotatably mounted to the float members so that the rate of
    skimming can be adjusted.

    [from Underwater Information Bulletin 10(6):#78/12/41.  1978]

                                    4,085,049
                               SKIMMING APPARATUS
                     Norman Jofcn Reid Hartwkk, and Donald Otarles  Clayton
                       Lathe, both of Box 1994, Drayton VaUey, Ontario, Canada
                             Filed May 4, 1976, Ser. No. 683,145
                       Claims priority, application Canada, Apr. 2. 1976, 24S03S
                                  Int Cl.z B01D 77/00
                     VS. CL 210—242 S                  ~> Claims
                                      28

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0410
    CLEANUP OPERATIONS AFTER THE 1976 SS SANSINENA EXPLOSION—AN INDUSTRIAL
    PERSPECTIVE
    Hutchinson, J.H.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 429-433.  (API Publication No. 4308)
    Spill cleanup, Spill response, Tankers, Harbors, Equipment,  Sansinena
    spill, California

    Cleanup and salvage operations conducted after the 17 December 1976  explo-
    sion of the tanker Sansinena in Los Angeles Harbor are described.  A major
    problem encountered was the fact that the spilled oil  was  heavier  than
    the water and sank.  Relative advantages and disadvantages of  some of the
    cleanup methods used are discussed.


    79B-0411
    COMPUTER SEARCHING FOR POLLUTION CLEANUP EQUIPMENT
    Imbrie,  R.J., and K.R. Karwan.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 257-260.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Information systems, Equipment,  Spill  cleanup,  Spill  response,  USCG

    The Spill Cleanup Inventory System (SKIM),  a computer information  retrieval
    system implemented by the US Coast Guard in  1978,is  described.   The  system
    is designed to provide those involved  in emergency spill  response  efforts
    with comprehensive lists of available  cleanup equipment.   Operating  in-
    structions and information about SKIM  can be obtained from the  Coast Guard
    Office of Marine Environment and Systems, Pollution  Reponse Branch (G-WEP-
    4/73), Washington, DC  20590.


    79B-0412
    OIL SPILL RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
    Janson, J.J.  1978.
    US Patent 4,105,554

    Spill removal, Oil-water separation, Monitoring,  Pollution control,  Equip-
    ment, Design-engineering, Patent

    A system for oil  spill  recovery  is described which is operable  from  a
    boat on which a receiving tank receives an  oil/water mixture which is
    then separated in a tank, the  oil  being stored  and the water discharged.
    Monitors analyze the discharge waters  and provide a  first  signal when oil
    in water reaches a preselected low level and a  second signal  when  above
    this level.   Activation of the second  signal causes  the water to be  re-
    tained for an additional  separation cycle.

    [from Underwater Information Bulletin  11(1):#79/02/57.  1979]
                                     29

-------
B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
                    4,105,554
            OIL SPILL RETRIEVAL SYSTEM
     John J. Janson, 14103 Blackburn, Livonia, Mich. 48154
            Filed May 31,1977, Ser. No. 802,026
                 Int CL2 E02B 15/04
     U.S. CL 210—96 R                  13 Claims
    79B-0413
    SKIMMING BARRIER PERFORMANCE EVALUATION:   OFFSHORE VERSION AND HARBOR
    VERSION
    Lichte, H.W.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington,  DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 489-492.  (API Publication  No.  4308)

    Spill cleanup, Booms, Skimmers, Design-engineering, Equipment, EPA, USCG,
    *Performance testing, *OHMSETT  facility

    Performance tests were carried  out  at EPA's  OHMSETT test facility for
    two oil skimming devices,  one for the full-scale  high seas USCG Skimming
    Barrier, the second for Scoop,  a scaled-down skimming barrier for near-
    shore use, incorporating a dedicated  vessel.  Both systems performed
    well considering the advancing  speed  and  water  conditions, with the best
    performances recorded in calm water conditions.   The Scoop system appears
    to outperform the larger system at  certain speeds; it also has a greater
    adjustment capability.  The larger  system may be  used with a 200-m barrier
    and be deployed to skim a  spill at  a  rate of 2,700 m3 per day.
    79B-0414
    OIL SPILLS:  WEATHERING, POSSIBLE  EFFECTS AND THEIR ALLEVIATION
    McAuliffe, C.D.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries  Institute held in Cordova, Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff  (ed.).   University of Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 33-51.  (NTIS PB-277 060)

    Dispersants, Oil slicks, Weathering,  Fate, Spill  cleanup, Toxicity

    The title topic is reviewed.  The  listed advantages to chemically dis-
    persing an oil slick are:  The oil  does  not travel  as far as in a slick;
    shorelines are less threatened;  weathering processes of the dispersed
    oil are accelerated; oil toxicity  is  more quickly reduced;  and  most of
    the known adverse effects are minimized  or reduced.
                                      30

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    79B-0415
    AIR CUSHION VEHICLES (ACV'S) AND OILSPILL CLEANUP OPERATIONS
    Meikle, K.M.  1978.
    Spill Technology Newsletter 3(6):14-18.

    Spill cleanup, Equipment, Design-engineering, Booms,  Skimmers,  Ships,
    *Field tests, *Air cushion vehicles

    A study was conducted of the feasibility of using ACV's in oil  spill  clean-
    up operations at sea.  Field tests using a modified Bell  Voyageur 002ACV
    indicated  that the hovercraft performed very well  as a carrier of equip-
    ment, as a work platform, and as a self-sufficient resource craft for
    performing the following functions:  Laying, anchoring and towing booms
    and maneuvering over  the top of booms; coming alongside other  vessels
    to transfer equipment; recovering booms and anchors,  and deflecting oil.
    The vessel also demonstrated its unique capabilities  of operating in
    extremely shallow waters.
    79B-0416
    THE NEPCO 140 SPILL
    Nadeau, R.J.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 241-250.
                   Fuel oil, Shorelines, Ships, St.  Lawrence River,
Spill cleanup,
140 spill
On 23 June 1976 the Nepco 140 grounded in the American  Narrows  of the  St.
Lawrence River which is in the Thousand Island region,  a  world  renowned
tourist attraction.  Due to the inaccessible and irregular shoreline,
the 1,166,000 L (308,000 gal) spill  of No.  6 oil was  difficult  to clean
up and required considerable hand labor to  accomplish.  The cleanup
costs, the greatest incurred for any spill  to date, were  $8.5 million.
    79B-0417
    OIL RECOVERY APPARATUS
    National Research Development Corporation.   1977.
    US Patent 4,056,472

    Spill  cleanup, Skimmers, Design-engineering, Equipment,  Patent

    The described apparatus comprises an inclined-plane, catamaran-type skim-
    mer.  Specially designed oil  collection arrangements  and mear
    pumping the collected oil from the collection are  are detailec

    [from Underwater Information  Bulletin 10(2):#78/04/65.   1978]
                                                                for
                                     31

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B.  OIL  POLLUTION PREVENTION AND  CONTROL
                      4,056,472
              OIL RECOVERY APPARATUS
     Raymond Geoffrey Teasdale, Waterlooville, England, assignor
       to National Research  Development Corporation, London,
       England
             Filed Mar. 12, 1976, Ser. No. 666,321
       Claims priority, application United Kingdom, Mar. 13, 1975,
     10602/75; June 18, 1975, 26022/75
                  Int. CL2 E02B IS/04
     VS. Cl. 210—242 S                     12 Claims
    79B-0418
    OIL  SKIMMING  APPARATUS
    Propp, C.F.   1977.
    US  Patent 4,054,525
    Spill  cleanup,  Skimmers,  Design-engineering, Equipment,  Patent
    An apparatus  for skimming oil comprising  a specially designed vessel is
    described.  The vessel  has an opening  in  the front end leading  rearward
    to an  inlet connecting  with an  oil  collection area.
    [from  Underwater Information Bulletin  10(2):#78/04/46.   1978]
                   4,054,525
            OIL SKIMMING APPARATUS
   Carl F. Propp, Rte. 2, Box 97, Estacads, Oreg. 97023
      Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 286,606, Sept. 5, 1972,
    abandoned. This application Feb. 7, 1974, Ser. No. 440,320
                Int. CL2 E02B IS/04
   U.S. CL 210-242 S                     9 aaims
    79B-0419
    CLEANUP EFFICIENCY  OF A  FUEL OIL  SPILL IN  COLD WEATHER
    Schrier,  E., and  C.  Eidam.   1979.
    1979 Oil  Spill Conference  (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles,  19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  419-427.   (API Publication No. 4308)
    Spill cleanup, Ice,  Equipment, Fuel  oil, Skimmers,  Incineration,  Booms,
    Bouchard  65  spill.  Buzzards  Bay
                                         32

-------
B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    The cleanup techniques employed by the teams responding to the 28 January
    1977 No. 2 fuel oil spill from the Bouchard No. j55_ in Buzzards Bay are
    described and evaluated.  In the ice-infested waters which prevailed at
    the time of the spill, vacuum skimming was the most effective recovery
    method while removal of contaminated ice was the least effective.  In-
    cluded among the recommendations for future spills under similar conditions
    are modifications to the vacuum skimming technique and expanded use of
    burning and endless rope skimming methods.


    79B-0420
    PERFORMANCE  TESTS  OF FOUR SELECTED OIL SPILL SKIMMERS
    Schwartz, S.H.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 493-496.  (API Publication No. 4308)
    Spill cleanup, Skimmers, Design-engineering, Equipment, EPA, *Performance
    testing, *OHMSETT facility

    EPA's OHMSETT test facility was used for a performance test series of four
    commercially available skimming devices:  Oil Mop, Inc. Dynamic Skimmer,
    the Cyclonet 050 mounted on a Zodiac Inflatable boat, the Anti Pollution,
    Inc. Clowsor Skimmer, and the Bennett Pollution Controls, Ltd. Mark 6E
    Skimmer.  Test results for each device are presented and discussed.  The
    general trend for all devices showed diminishing performance with increased
    tow speeds and wave conditions.
    79B-0421
    "WHY CLEAN UP OIL SPILLS?" - ANOTHER VIEWPOINT
    Skinner, R.G.  1978.
    Spill Technology Newsletter 3(6):13.

    Spill cleanup, Oil slicks, Spill response

    This article comments on two recent articles in the Spill Technology News-
    letter [E. Levy, Vol. 3, No. 5, and D. Mackay, Vol. 3, No. 4],  The
    author notes that "we clean up oil slicks because we are told we cannot
    afford not to.  There is a sufficiently vocal public constituency that
    demands it, which is in symbiosis with a sufficiently energetic bureau
    cracy and an imaginative academe which depends on its being kept a
    concern."
                                      33

-------
B.   OIL POLLUTION  PREVENTION  AND  CONTROL
    79B-0422
    API/SC-PCO SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA  1978  OIL  SPILL  TEST  PROGRAM
    Smith, D.D.,  and G.H.  Holliday.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference  (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March 1979.   Washington,  DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  475-482.   (API Publication No.  4308)

    Spill cleanup,  Skimmers, Dispersants, API, Oil  slicks,  California,
    *Petroleum Contingency Organization, *Field  tests

    Seven experimental  slicks  ranging  in volume  from  5  to 20  bbl  were  sprayed
    with low toxicity dispersants using  a helicopter, a cropdusting  monoplane,
    and two types of boat-mounted spray  systems.   A skimmer was  also tested
    on an eighth spill.   The dispersants  tested effectively  dispersed the crude
    oil used,  the four  application  techniques were all  viable  methods, and
    the skimmers  recovered oil  successfully.  These tests were conducted by
    API and the Southern California  -  Petroleum  Contingency Organization.
    79B-0423
    CLEANUP OF AN OIL  SPILL  INTO  GROUND  WATER  AT  WILLIAMSPORT,  PENNSYLVANIA  -
    A CASE HISTORY
    Villaume,  J.F.,  B.H.  Herre, and  D.P.  Voykin.   1979.
    1979 Oil  Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles,  19-22 March  1979.  Washington,  DC, American  Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.   p.  501-505.   (API Publication  No. 4308)

    Spill  containment,  Spill cleanup,  Spill  removal,  Groundwater, Leakage,
    Oil  storage,  Oil  discharges,  Fuel  oil,  Pennsylvania

    During 1977,  more  than 283,000 L (75,000 gal)  of  No.  2  fuel  oil  leaked
    from a corroded  oil  storage tank near Williamsport, Pennsylvania.  Wells
    were drilled  to  pump  out and  recover the oil  and  to lower  the water  table
    so that the spreading oil  plume  could be contained.   This  paper  describes
    and  discusses the  cleanup  operation  which  resulted  in the  recovery of
    about  170,000 L  (45,000 gal)  of  oil  after  nine months,  at  a  cost of
    about  $0.66/L ($2.50/gal).
    79B-0424
    OIL  SPILL  CONTROL  AND ABATEMENT  TECHNIQUES  USED  AT  THE  S.S.  SANSINENA
    EXPLOSION  SITE  --  A  COAST  GUARD  PERSPECTIVE
    White,  W.W.,  and J.T. Kopeck.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March 1979.   Washington,  DC,  American  Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.   p.  434-435.   (API Publication  No.  4308)
    Spill  cleanup,  Spill  response
    Sansinena  spill,  California
Tankers, Harbors, Equipment,  USCG,
                                     34

-------
B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    The 17 December 1976 explosion of the Sansinena in Los Angeles harbor re-
    sulted in the spillage of 30,000 bbl of oil, millions of dollars in
    property damage, and the loss of nine lives.  Efforts to remove the oil
    from the bottom of the channel during the subsequent 16 months, which
    included diving, pumping, and skimming, are described.  Restrictions on
    shipping operations in Berth 46 where the explosion occurred were still
    in effect two years after the incident.
    3.  Environmental Restoration
    79B-0425
    THE RESTORATION OF OILED SHORELINES BY THE PROPER USE OF CHEMICAL  DIS-
    PERSANTS
    Canevari, G.P.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 443-446.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Spill cleanup, Equipment, Dispersants, Intertidal  zone,  Environmental
    effects, Economics, Shorelines, Beaches

    "This paper reviews the shortcomings of the expensive mechanical cleanup
    methods and presents the overall  mechanism and  technique for restoration
    using chemical agents.  Although the use of chemicals,in intertidal  zones
    has not been well accepted by some environmental  and regulatory groups,
    there is limited documentation that use of these  agents  results in less
    environmental damage and more rapid and economical  shoreline restoration
    than mechanical alternatives."  The implications  and feasibility of
    attempting no cleanup in certain areas are discussed.


    79B-0426
    ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF OIL SPILL CLEANUP:  ARE THEY  SIGNIFICANT?
    Lindstedt-Siva, J.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 521-524.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Spill cleanup, Environmental  effects, Spill  response, Restoration, Marine
    mammals, Marshes, Beaches

    The author stresses the need for oil spill response efforts to be  aimed
    at minimizing the ecological  impact of the oil  rather than at removing
    visible oil  solely for aesthetic reasons.  Recommendatios  for low-impact
    cleanup methods are made for five specific types  of environments:   Marine
    mammal  rookeries or haul-out areas, salt marshes,  rocky  beaches, sandy
    beaches, and sand and mud flats.
                                     35

-------
B.   OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    4.  Personnel Training


    79B-0427
    FIREMEN AND EMERGENCY PERSONNEL OIL SPILL TRAINING PROGRAM
    Duerden, F.C., W.L.  Pierce,  and R.G. Simmons.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 209-211.   (API Publication No. 4308)

    Personnel training,  Contingency planning, Spill  cleanup, Canada, Spill
    response

    The title training  program,  developed by the Canadian Environmental Protec-
    tion Service, is aimed specifically at firemen,  police,and other emergency
    response personnel  who may  be the first persons  of authority to arrive  at
    the scene of an oil  spill,  but who may lack the  ecological awareness neces-
    sary for making knowledgeable decisions in response to the situation.   The
    program utilizes slide and  film presentations  and a literature kit handout.


    79B-0428
    TARGETING SPILL PREVENTION  AND CONTROL TRAINING  TO THE RESPONSIBLE
    INDIVIDUAL
    Oberholtzer, G.R.,  and J.T.  Acuff.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 201-203.   (API Publication No. 4308)

    Personnel training,  Contingency planning, Spill  prevention, Spill  clean-
    up, Spill response

    The development and content  of a one-week oil  spill control course taught
    about 20 times per  year at  Corpus Christi, Texas,is described.  The
    course, which was first taught in October 1977,  emphasizes the need for
    training programs to be geared towards 3 specific organizational levels:
    Top management, middle management, and task-oriented workers.  An  addi-
    tional  team training program is also thought to  be beneficial.


    79B-0429
    TRAINING TECHNIQUES:  TEXAS  A&M UNIVERSITY'S OIL SPILL CONTROL COURSE
    Payne,  J.L., and R.E. Lewis.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington,DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 205-207.   (API Publication No. 4308)

    Personnel training,  Contingency planning, Spill  cleanup,  Spill  response
                                     36

-------
B.   OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    The rationale behind and educational  objectives of the title course,
    offered through Texas A&M's Engineering Extension Service,  are outlined,
    A "situational query" approach, in which the class participants are
    given a set of conditions pertaining  to a hypothetical  spill, and a
    simulated spill are employed to afford an understanding of  the factors
    involved in developing and evaluating contingency plans.  An example
    of a situational query is appended.  Course evaluation techniques,
    available facilities, and proposed changes in the curriculum are dis-
    cussed.
    5.  Contingency Planning


    79B-0430
    CLEAN CARIBBEAN COOPERATIVE
    Alberts, D.A.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 225-227.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Spill cooperatives, Contingency planning, Spill  cleanup,  Equipment,  Spill
    response, Caribbean Sea

    The Clean Caribbean Cooperative (CCC) is an  oil  spill  cooperative
    established by a number of oil companies operating in  the  Caribbean.
    The objective of the CCC is an enhanced capability for prompt and  effi-
    cient response to oil  spills in the Caribbean.   The basic  operation  of
    the CCC is explained and the equipment stockpile  described.   Non-member
    use of CCC resources is also discussed.
    79B-0431
    DIFFICULTIES IN UNLOADING HEAVY OIL FROM DAMAGED BARGES DURING EXTREMELY
    COLD WEATHER AND ICE CONDITIONS
    Bailey, J.R.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 403-405.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Spill response, Pollution control, Ships, USCG, Rivers, Ice,  Oil  removal,
    Equipment, Mississippi River

    Response actions taken after the 10 January 1977 grounding of a tank
    barge in the Missippi River, which resulted in the spillage of an
    estimated 1000 bbl of No. 6 fuel oil, are detailed.   Response efforts
                                      37

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B.   OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    included the US Army Corps of Engineers,  the US Coast Guard,  and several
    commercial   companies.   Extremely low temperatures and the presence of
    heavy ice resulted in the closure of the river to navigation and severely
    restricted  the delivery and operation of equipment necessary for offload-
    ing the remaining cargo from the damaged barge.  Offloading operations
    had to await the arrival  of a steam generator following the reopening
    of the river a month after the grounding.   The incident demonstrated the
    need for development of a portable steam generator to heat the cargo
    for offloading in extreme conditions.
    79B-0432
    MEDITERRANEAN OIL POLLUTION MONITORING AND CONTROL:   TECHNICAL AND POLICY
    ISSUES
    Boxer, B.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 283-285.   (API  Publication No.  4308)
    Contingency planning,  International  agreements,  Foreign governments,
    Pollution control,  Law enforcement,*UNEP,  IMCO,  Mediterranean Sea, *ROCC

    In support of the objectives set forth by the 1976 Barcelona  Convention,
    the Regional  Oil  Combatting Center for the Mediterranean Sea (ROCC) was
    established under the  auspices  of UNEP and IMCO  to provide information to
    Mediterranean coastal  states on available cleanup supplies,  help states
    in developing national  contingency plans,  and facilitate cooperation
    among states  in spill  response  planning.   Problems encountered by the
    ROCC presently include:   A  lack of clarity as to  the ROCC's  coordinating
    role*, difficulties  in  applying  results of hydrocarbons monitoring and
    research to spill  prevention and contingency planning; jurisdictional
    questions relating  to  the regulation and  enforcement rights  of coastal
    states;  and lack  of consensus on technical  aspects of planning and res-
    ponse due to  diverse national pollution control  standards and objectives.
    79B-0433
    CLEANUP OF A COLD WEATHER TERRESTRIAL  PIPELINE SPILL
    Buhite, T.R.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March  1979.   Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p.  367-369.   (API  Publication No.  4308)
    Contingency planning,  Spill  responses, Pipelines, Inland,  Trans-Alaska
    pipeline,  Ice,  Spill  containment,  Spill cleanup,  Restoration,  Alaska

    The spill  response  and restoration measures  implemented  following  a  15
    February 1978 pipeline spill  near  Fairbanks, Alaska  are  described.   The
    incident demonstrated  the effectiveness of the pipeline  oil  spill  con-
    tingency plan and revealed the problems and  advantages associated  with
    oil  recovery under northern latitude winter conditions.

                                     38

-------
B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0434
    DECISION CRITERIA FOR THE CHEMICAL DISPERSION OF OIL SPILLS
    Castle, R.W., and E. Schrier.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 459-463.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Contingency planning, Dispersants, Spill cleanup, Environmental  protec-
    tion, Guidelines

    The controversy of when and how dispersants should be used to protect
    the environment is generated in part by the lack of guidelines by which
    all relevant factors can be considered together.  This paper discusses
    the criteria necessary for providing a basis for sound and acceptable
    decisionmaking.  These include human risk, feasibility and adequacy  of
    physical control and recovery, dispersibility of the oil,  logistics  con-
    siderations, and whether dispersion will achieve a reduction in  environ-
    mental impacts and interference with water usage.


    79B-0435
    THE NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER OF THE U.S. COAST GUARD
    Clow, J.R.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 121-122.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Spill response, USCG, Contingency planning, Government agencies,  Spill
    cleanup, Pollution control, *National Response Center

    The National Response Center (NRC), established at the US  Coast  Guard
    headquarters under the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution
    Contingency Plan, is a 24-hour center to which discharges  or spills  of
    polluting substances may be reported.  The NRC relays the  reports to
    the appropriate official responsible under a regional contingency plan
    for coordinating pollution control efforts at the scene of the incident.
    The NRC may be contacted from any point in the continental US via the
    following toll-free number:  800-424-8802 (426-2675 in the Washington,
    DC area).
    79B-0436
    OIL POLLUTION CONTINGENCY PLAN, LIVERPOOL DISTRICT
    Department of Trade, UK.  1976.
    Liverpool, UK, Department of Trade, Marine Survey Office,  1976.   67 p.

    Contingency planning, Spill  response, Pollution control,  UK

    Summary not available.
    [from Applied Ecology Abstracts 3(7):#308500.   1977]
                                     39

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B.   OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0437
    REPORTING OF ENVIRONMENTAL ACCIDENTS IN MANITOBA
    Ediger,  D.   1979.
    Spill  Technology Newsletter 4(1):11-14.
    Spill  response,  Information systems, Canada,  *Manitoba,  *Environmental
    Accident Program,  *Spill  reporting

    The purpose of the Environmental  Accident Program in Manitoba is to provide
    a rapid, coordinated response to  spills and leaks of hazardous materials
    into the environment.   A primary  means  of achieving this purpose is the
    availability of a  twenty-four hour telephone  number at the Manitoba
    Emergency Measures Organizations  for reporting all  types of environ-
    mental accidents.


    79B-0438
    DEVELOPING A DISPERSANT SPRAYING  CAPABILITY
    Gill,  S.D.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention,  Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p. 465-467.  (API  Publication No. 4308)
    Spill  response,  Dispersants, Equipment, Ships, Design-engineering,  Canada,
    *Canadian Coast Guard
    In the interest of effective oil  spill  response, the Canadian Coast
    Guard  (CCG) has pursued an equipment acquisition program that includes
    dispersant spraying equipment.  To develop a  national  spraying capability,
    the CCG is modifying conventional  offshore spraying gear so it can  be
    mounted on almost  any  vessel of convenience.   Specialized small  spraying
    vessels and pumps  have been designed and built, mobile dispersant storage
    tanks  have been acquired, and the use of aircraft for shipment and  spray-
    ing of dispersants is  currently under development.


    79B-0439
    UNIT OPERATIONS, UNIT  PROCESSES AND LEVEL OF  RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS  FOR  THE
    CLEANUP OF THE OIL SPILL  FROM THE SUPERTANKER AMOCO CADIZ
    Hann,  R.W., Jr.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention,  Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p. 147-162.  (API  Publication No. 4308)
    Spill  response,  Oil  spills, Amoco Cadiz spill, Equipment, Spill  cleanup,
    Contingency planning,  France
    Spill  response strategies and the timing of resources  used  for cleanup  of
    the Amoco Cadiz spill  of March 1978 are examined,  with emphasis  on  the
    level  of financial resources, manpower, and supply  and equipment used in
                                     40

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    various phases of the cleanup operation.  "The paper concludes with an
    extensive discussion of the lessons which have become apparent or are
    being reinforced by this particular spill with regard to the technology
    and administrative structure needed to effectively deal  with very large
    spills."
    79B-0440
    OIL SPILL CLEANUP
    Hart, J.W.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova, Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 179-181.  (NTIS Report PB-277 060)

    Spill cooperatives, Spill response, Spill  cleanup,  Equipment, Offshore
    production, Harbors

    The Gulf of Alaska Cleanup Organization provides cleanup capability for
    drilling and production operations.  Described are the equipment pur-
    chased by the Organization (including booms, skimmers, boats, lights,
    dispersants,and sorbents) and the capability of dealing with spills in
    harbors and in the open ocean.

    79B-0441
    THE TEST BEAUFORT RESPONSE EXERCISE - BREX III
    Hoffman, J.M., and B. Mansfield.  1978.
    Spill Technology Newsletter 3(6):24-30.

    Spill response, Contingency planning, Government agencies,  Canada,  Beaufort
    Sea, *BREX III field exercise

    Using a hypothetical spill scenario of an offshore well  blowout in  the
    Beaufort Sea, the title field exercise was conducted from 31  May to  2 June
    1978 in the Yukon Territory Government offices at Whitehorse.   The  purpose
    of the exercise was to evaluate the organization and procedures to  be
    used in a joint government-industry spill response plan  - the  "Government
    Contingency Plan for Major Oil Spills in the Beaufort Sea."  This article
    details the lessons learned and observations made, and the preparation
    and conduct of exercises.
                                      41

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B.   OIL POLLUTION  PREVENTION  AND  CONTROL
    79B-0442
    CLEAN ATLANTIC ASSOCIATES:   AN  OIL  SPILL  CLEANUP  COOPERATIVE  FOR THE
    ATLANTIC OFFSHORE  AREA
    Hubbard, J.F., and T.E.  Allen.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March  1979.   Washington, DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  229-236.   (API Publication  No.  4308)

    Spill cooperatives,  Contingency planning,  Spill cleanup,  Spill  response^
    Equipment,  Personnel  training,  Atlantic Ocean,  OCS

    Clean Atlantic Associates  was established  by petroleum companies with  oil
    and gas leases in  the Mid- and  South  Atlantic OCS to  maintain an equip-
    ment stockpile and provide trained  manpower  in  the  event  of an oil  spill.
    The management and funding of the cooperative is  discussed, as well  as
    the types  of equipment  kept ready in  the  stockpile.   An Oil Spill  Con-
    tingency Manual  for use  by the  member companies and  the training programs
    in the deployment  and operation of  the  equipment  are  also  described.


    79B-0443
    MAJOR SPILL RESPONSE  PLANNING FOR TANKER  OPERATIONS
    Kazmierczak,  L.J.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March  1979.   Washington, DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  123-125.   (API Publication  No.  4308)

    Contingency planning, Spill  response, Personnel training,  Tankers, Oil
    spills,  Spill  cleanup

    An oil  spill  contingency plan developed by Sun  Transport,  Inc.  is  described
    The focus  of  the plan is four-fold:   1) An alerting  procedure for  identify-
    ing the  problem and  initiating  the  plan;  2)  identification of individuals
    responsible for various  tasks involved  in  the response action;  3)  identi-
    fication of those  tasks; and 4)  identification  of available resources
    including  contractors, equipment, and government  agencies.  The author
    stresses the  orientation of the plan  towards the  people responsible  for
    its implementation  rather  than  towards  the action required for a specific
    location.
    79B-0444
    LOGISTIC  PLANNING  FOR OIL  SPILL  CHEMICAL  USE
    Lindblom, G.P.   1979.
    1979  Oil  Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles,  19-22  March 1979.   Washington, DC, American  Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.   p. 453-458.   (API Publication  No.  4308)
    Spill  response,  Spill cleanup, Dispersants, Equipment, Environmental
    effects,  Contingency planning, *Logistics, *Chemical agents
                                     42

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B.   OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    For effective use of chemical  agents in oil  spill  cleanup operations, a
    number of factors must be considered in contingency planning.   These are:
    Chemical types and their modes of action; design,  operation,  and avail-
    ability of the equipment required; regulation of dose  per unit area and
    the limitations of a distant operations base.  Used early in  a spill
    incident, and not as a last resort, chemicals can  often materially
    benefit overall spill response efforts and mitigate or prevent adverse
    environmental effects.
    79B-0445
    WHY CLEAN UP OIL SPILLS - ANOTHER LOOK
    Lindstedt-Siva, J.  1979.
    Spill Technology Newsletter 4(1):15-16.
    Contingency planning, Spill cleanup, Spill response, Environmental
    effects, Government agencies, Spill cooperatives

    The author proposes that the first priority in spill response should be
    to minimize the ecological impacts of oil  spills.   Spill  response plan-
    ning as well as actual spill response measures should include the parti-
    cipation of ecologists.  Regulatory agencies, industry cooperatives,
    cleanup contractors, and the scientific community should  agree on spill
    response goals before a spill event occurs.
    79B-0446
    A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR RESPONSE TO ARCTIC OIL SPILLS
    Lissauer, I.M., and D.L. Murphy.  1978.
    Environmental Management 2(4):341-346.

    Spill response, Contingency planning, Models, Arctic,Movement,  Spreading,
    Ice
    Because of the remoteness and severe climatic conditions of the Arctic,
    spill response is likely to be much slower than in temperate regions.
    Accurate predictions of the extent and subsequent movements of an oil
    spill are vital to any cleanup efforts.  "Presented is the framework of
    a program to study the movement of oil spills in the arctic.  Existing
    models of oil spreading and polar ice dynamics are reviewed, and areas
    where new model development is required are defined."   A system design
    is developed for the purpose of contingency planning.
                                     43

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0447
    GOVERNMENT CONTINGENCY  PLANS FOR THE  BEAUFORT  SEA
    Mansfield, B.,  and J. Hoffman.   1978.
    Spill  Technology Newsletter 3(6):19-23.
                                         Spill  response,  Industries,  Pollu-
Contingency planning,  Spill  cleanup,
tion control,  Beaufort Sea,  Canada
    Canadian government and  industry have  coordinated their  efforts to form
    the "Government Contingency Plan for Major Oil  Spills  in  the Beaufort
    Sea."  In the event of a major spill,  judged  to be beyond the handling
    capabilities of operator and supporting  industry, the  plan is activated
    to involve all  available government resources together with those of
    the private sector.
    79B-0448
    OIL SPILL PREVENTION  AND CONTROL  IN  AUSTRALIA
    Manuell, R.W.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March  1979.   Washington,  DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p. 293-297.   (API Publication No.  4308)

    Contingency planning,  Spill  cleanup, Dispersants,  Pollution  control,
    Foreign governments,  Oil  industry, Australia

    Current Australian  industry  and government oil  spill  response  plans,  as
    well  as earlier plans,  are described.   Conditions  unique  to  Australia
    dictated a dispersant-oriented approach  to spill  control  in  the 1960's
    and this continues  to  be the main defense against  oil  spills in Austra-
    lian waters,  although  other  methods  are  now  also  employed.   Possible
    future developments in  pollution  control  are discussed.
    79B-0449
    COLD REGIONS  SPILL  RESPONSE
    Marsh,  G.D.,  L.A. Schultz, and  F.W.  DeBord.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March  1979.   Washington,  DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p.  355-358.   (API Publication No.  4308)

    Spill  response,  Ice,  Arctic,  Subarctic  regions,  Spill  cleanup, Equipment,
    Behavior,  USCG,  Alaska

    A systems  analysis  was  performed  by  ARCTEC,  Inc.  to  identify  system
    requirements  for responding  to  oil spills in ice-infested  waters.  Six
    spill  scenarios  were  selected for analysis to encompass  the range  of en-
    vironmental and  spill conditions  likely in Alaskan waters, and system
    modifications required  for seasonal  response in  the lower  48_states  were
    specified.  It  was  found that response  operations could  be divided into
    three  groups:   1) Those for  spills in shorefast  ice; 2)  those  for  spills
    in  thick,  concentrated  broken ice; and  3)  those  for thin broken ice  in
    open waters.
                                     44

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0450
    "THE GLOBAL HOPE IS AGROUND"--AN INCIDENT AT SALEM SOUND
    Mathews, K.W.  1976.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 127-132.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Spill response, Spill  cleanup, Contingency planning, Tankers,  Government
    agencies, USCG, Liability, Massachusetts, *Global  Hope spill

    A detailed chronology of events surrounding the 6 February 1978 grounding
    of the Greek tanker Global Hope on the coast of Massachusetts  is given.
    The grounding, which occurred during the worst blizzard to strike New
    England in a century,  resulted in the spillage of an estimated 315,000 L
    (83,000 gal) of oil and presented a particularly difficult situation due
    to the extreme weather conditions.  The response activities,  including
    on-scene efforts, state and federal agency participation,  and  utilization
    of funds made available under the Federal Water Pollution  Control  Act,
    are described and evaluated.


    79B-0451
    THE ROLE OF RESOURCE MANAGEMENT BIOLOGISTS AT OIL SPILLS
    Nadeau, R.J., and J.R. Hanlon. 1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 230-240.

    Spill response, Government agencies, Resource management,  EPA, *US Fish
    and Wildlife Service

    Official of the EPA and the US Fish and Wildlife Service are  the
    primary members of the Regional Response Team.  In this capacity,  they
    serve as advisers and as the environmental watch during oil  spill
    events and cleanup operations.  The EPA,by legislative mandate, is
    concerned for the water quality; the US Fish and Wildlife  Service
    has jurisdiction over migratory waterfowl  and protection of endangered
    species.  The roles of these agencies'  biologists at oil spills are
    described.
                                     45

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B.   OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0452
    SELECTIVE OIL SPILL COMBAT PLANNING FOR OFFSHORE EXPLORATION AND
    PRODUCTION OPERATION IN THE NORTH SEA
    Poley, J.P.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March 1979.  Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 641-647.   (API Publication No.  4308)
    Spill response, Contingency planning, Sources,  Predictions,  Offshore
    development,  Movement,  North Sea, Ekofisk blowout
    A definite need exists  for selective contingency planning  tailored to
    the particular  characteristics  of spills  in  the North Sea.   By consider-
    ation in advance of such things as source locations, flow  rates, oil
    composition and movement, an advanced scenario  can  be developed to
    avoid confusion in  an emergency situation.   An  approach for  such plan-
    ning, based on  evidence from the Ekofisk  blowout, is developed in this
    paper.
    79B-0453
    CRISIS SCIENCE:   INVESTIGATIONS IN RESPONSE TO THE ARGO MERCHANT OIL  SPILL
    Pollack, A.M.,  and K.D.  Stolzenbach.   1978.
    Cambridge,  Massachusetts Institute of Technology,  Report No.  MITSG-78-8.
    328 p.
    Argo Merchant spill,  Environmental effects, Guidelines, Spill  response,
    Contingency planning,  *Scientific response

    Over 200 scientists  were involved in  predicting and studying  the fate
    and effects of the Argo  Merchant oil  spill, at a cost exceeding $80,000.
    Despite the size of the  scientific response, the follow-up research pro-
    gram was not as  good as  it could have been, partly due to the limited
    understanding of oil  spills,  the limited ability to interpret data, and
    logistical  and institutional  factors.  A rapid and efficient  response
    after a spill is needed  to prevent valuable data from being lost, and
    to provide  scientific  input into the  cleanup effort in a timely manner.
    Research contingency planning is needed, and this  report concludes with
    some guidelines  for  formulation of a  research contingency plan.
                                     46

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0454
    CLEAN GULF ASSOCIATES - SIX YEARS LATER
    Shipman, E.D.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC,  American Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.  p. 237-244.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Spill cooperatives, Contingency planning, Personnel  training, Spill
    cleanup, Equipment, Spill response, Gulf of  Mexico

    Additions to and improvements in the emergency  equipment stockpile main-
    tained by Clean Gulf Associates, an oil spill cooperative  of ~60  oil  and
    gas operators in the Gulf of Mexico, since its  establishment  in 1972, are
    described.  Among the new acquisitions are a radio communication  system
    designed for use during cleanup operations and  a  self-propelled skimmer
    for cleanup in shallow water.  A training program in the use  of the
    cleanup equipment is outlined.


    79B-0455
    TEN-YEAR OVERVIEW OF OIL SPILL CLEANUP AT SEA
    White, I.C., J.A. Nichols, andM.J. Garnett. 1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC,  American Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.  p. 247-251.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Spill response, Contingency planning, Spill  cleanup, Equipment, Dis-
    persants, Spreading, Oceans, Shorelines

    This paper provides evidence that the capability  for combatting oil  spills
    in the high seas has improved little over the past ten  years.  The res-
    ponse options available for dealing with  spills,  including the  "do nothing"
    approach, are evaluated, and reasons for  the lack of progress in  this
    area are identified.  Stressed are the importance of rapid assessment
    of the spill situation and potential consequences, the  requirements  for
    effective contingency planning, and the need for  proper organization
    and control  of the response  effort.


    79B-0456
    CLEANUP OF 32,000-BARREL CRUDE OIL SPILL  AT  THE WEST HACKBERRY DOME
    STORAGE SITE IN LOUISIANA
    Wilson, J.E., and J. Gallagher.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC,  American Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.  p. 437-440.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Spill response, Spill  cleanup, Strategic  Petroleum Reserve, Equipment,
    Booms, Skimmers, Storage, Contingency planning, Louisiana
                                     47

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    Spill  containment and recovery actions  taken  after a  fire  at the  title
    strategic Petroleum Reserve caused over 30,000 bbl  of oil  to be dis-
    charged into an adjoining lake are described.   Favorable wind conditions
    facilitated recovery activities although backup plans were implemented
    to provide protection in the event of a change in  the weather.   The re-
    covery of almost all  of the spilled oil  represented a "textbook"  spill
    response operation.
    6.   Legal  and Regulatory Aspects
    79B-0457
    MARINE OIL POLLUTION.   THE INTERNATIONAL  LEGAL  REGIME  RELATING TO  THE
    PREVENTION OF MARINE BASED OIL POLLUTION
    Abecassis, D.W.   1976.
    University of Cambridge,  Department of Land  Economy,  1976.   (Occasional
    Paper No.  6).  123 p.

    International agreements,  Legislation, Pollution  prevention,  Oceans

    Summary not available.

    [from Environmental  Health and Pollution  Control  13(3):#542.   1978]


    79B-0458
    PENALTIES  ON OIL SPILLS WITH UNQUANTIFIED DAMAGE  -  THE HIDDEN TAX  AND
    ECONOMIC DETERRENT CONCEPT
    Cahill, E.J., L. R.  Smith, and G.P. Haley.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference  (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March 1979.  Washington,  DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  95-97.  (API  Publication No. 4308)

    Regulations, Legislation,  Cost analysis,  Oil spills,  Compensation,
    Economic effects,  Alaska,  US

    The title  paper discusses  counterproductive  aspects of certain regula-
    tions which impose penalties on oil spillers based  on  unquantified
    damages.  The author feels that laws such as Alaska's  are  of  this
    category and do little  but raise consumer prices  and  discourage develop-
    ment of needed  oil  supplies.  Such laws  are  contrary  to the  prevailing
    US legal philosophy that the extent of injury must  be  proven  prior to
    awarding of damages.
                                     48

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B.   OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0459
    DAMAGE ASSESSMENT RULEMAKING:   ISSUES AND ALTERNATIVES
    DuBey, R.A. and E.R.  Fidell.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 79-89. (API Publication No. 4308)

    Oil spills, Legislation, Cost analysis, Liability, Compensation,  Economic
    effects

    This paper examines the seriousness of legal  and scientific issues of
    pending policy decisions relative to assessment of oil pollution  damage.
    Included in the discussion are such issues as the need for preemption
    of state law, the evidentiary status of these guidelines or values,
    the procedural rights in the rulemaking process, and the assignment  of
    administrative responsibility within the federal government.


    79B-0460
    THE PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF LITIGATING AN OIL SPILL (PLAINTIFF VIEWPOINT)
    Dubiel, E.J.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 91-94.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Oil spills, Cost analysis, Liability, Compensation, Economic  effects,
    *Litigation
    The approach to oil spill litigation should be to catalogue all
    laws that apply or could apply and include these in allegations,  im-
    mediately prepare evidence and discovery of all facts supporting allega-
    tions, inventory damaged items, determine the method of proof of  damage,
    and secure expert witnesses and documentation to prove claims.


    79B-0461
    FEDERAL LEGISLATION REGARDING OIL POLLUTION LIABILITY FUNDS
    Ellis, J.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 189-192.  (NTIS Report PB-277 060)

    Legislation, US, Liability, International  agreements, Trans-Alaska pipe-
    line, Tankers, Economic effects, Regulations

    The author briefly discusses current international  initiatives regarding
    liability and a fund to cover liability; the liability fund established
    under the Trans-Alaska Pipeline Act; and the proposed US Superfund legis-
    lation.  One superfund bill would establish a fund with a $200 million
    maximum to be administered by the Department of Transportation.  The
                                     49

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    liability established in the act is $150/ton for vessels  that do not
    carry oil and $500,000 or $300/ton, whichever is greater,  for vessels
    that do carry oil.
    79B-0462
    A LEGAL OVERVIEW OF CLEANUP OPERATIONS
    Evans, J.A.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March 1970.   Washington,  DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  75-77.  (API  Publication  No.  4308)

    Spill cleanup,  Cost analysis,  Liability,  Legislation,  US government

    "It appears  in  the  area of  oil  spill  cleanup that the  government has
    relied almost exclusively on the stick, with  the carrot being practically
    non-existent."
    79B-0463
    FROM TORREY CANYON TO EKOFISK:   A STUDY OF LEGISLATION BY CRISIS
    Fitzmaurice,  V.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts  of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado,  14-17  June 1978.   American  Institute  of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.   p.  58-82.

    Legislation,  Oil  spills, Compensation,  Environmental  management, Pollu-
    tion control, UK

    The author discusses the development  of British law enacted  to protect
    the marine environment  from damage caused  by oil.  The legal  framework
    intended to prevent accidental  and operational  discharges of oil from
    offshore petroleum developments is examined and compensation schemes
    for pollution damage are explained.   Factors which have shaped the  present
    law and those which may influence the future British regime  of marine
    pollution  are emphasized.
    79B-0464
    THE DCS IN ALASKA
    Hoffman, E.J.   1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems,  Tanker Safety,  and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova  Fisheries Institute held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3,  1977.   B.  Melteff (ed.).   University  of Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p.  5-6.   (NTIS Report PB-277 060)

    DCS, Environmental management,  Regulations,  Legislation, Alaska

    Uncertainty earmarks  the status of the  OCS  program.   Three  events which
    the author predicted  would  affect the OCS program nationally,  and
                                     50

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    specifically Alaska,  were President Carter's energy message of 20 April
    1977, the DOE approval which establishes policy and some regulatory
    responsibility concerning DCS, and Senate Bill 9 which amends the OCS
    Lands Act.
    79B-0465
    MARINE POLLUTION AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
    Ketchum, B.H.  1976.
    Proceedings of the Third International Biodegradation Symposium.   J.M.
    Sharpley and A.M. Kaplan (eds.).  London, Applied Science Publishers
    Ltd., 1976.  p. 11-19.

    International conventions, Regulations, IMCO, Oil transport, Tankers,
    Sources, Fate, Biological effects, *London Dumping Convention

    A brief history of international action regarding marine pollution is
    given.  The IMCO Conventions and the London Dumping Convention are con-
    sidered in some detail.  Differences in the persistence and toxicity
    of different types of pollutants are recognized by the conventions, and
    the regulations reflect these differences.
    79B-0466
    LAW OF THE SEA NEGOTIATIONS:  AN IMPASSE AND AN OPPORTUNITY
    Krueger, R.B.  1976.
    Marine Technology Society Journal ll(2):33-36.

    Resource management, International  conventions, Legislation,  Foreign
    governments, Regulations, *Law of the Sea

    Law of the Sea negotiations are at an impasse regarding use and control
    of the deep seabeds.  Agreement on this issue would provide a basis  for
    resolution on a number of other issues, while "going it alone"  on the
    part of either industrialized nations or less developed nations may
    create more problems  than  those confronting the conference,  that of
    arriving at an equitable allocation formula for deep ocean resources.
    Various formats proposed, objections, previous issue development, and
    specific US proposals are briefly discussed,  [possibly oil pollution
    related]
                                     51

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B.   OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION  AND  CONTROL
    7.  General  Prevention  and  Control  Measures
    79B-0467
    JAPANESE GOVERNMENTAL  AND  INDUSTRIAL  MEASURES  FOR THE  CONTROL OF MARINE
    OIL SPILLS
    Funatani, C.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March 1979.   Washington,  DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 261-267.   (API Publication  No.  4308)

    Pollution control,  Spill cleanup,  Foreign governments,  Government agencies,
    Legislation,  Regulations,  Equipment,  Contingency  planning,  Japan

    The legal and organizational  structure  for the  control  of  oil  spills in
    Japan is described.  Among  the  agencies  involved  in control  operations
    is the industrially sponsored Marine  Disaster  Prevention Center  (KSB
    Center)  whose functions  include maintaining  and stockpiling cleanup  equip-
    ment, providing training for disaster control  and prevention,  and conduct-
    ing research  on disaster and spill  control  technology.  A  list of the
    cleanup  equipment and  materials stockpiled in  Japan, and their environ-
    mental capabilities, is  provided.
    79B-0468
    ENVIRONMENTAL  STANDARDS.  A  DESCRIPTION  OF  UNITED  KINGDOM  PRACTICE
    Department  of  the  Environment,  UK.   1977.
    London, Her Majesty's  Stationery  Office,  1977.  v  +  30  p.   (Pollution  Paper
    No.  11)

    Pollution control, Tankers,  Oil discharges,  Pollution prevention,
    Government  agencies, UK

    This pamphlet  outlines the United Kingdom policies on pollution  control.
    Oil  discharges from  tankers  are briefly  discussed  in  a section on marine
    pollution.
    79B-0469
    OIL  SPILL  COUNTERMEASURES--A  RATIONAL  SYSTEM FOR SELECTION  AND  SIZING
    OF EQUIPMENT
    Fraser, J.P.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March  1979.  Washington,  DC,  American  Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.   p.  253-255.   (API Publication No.  4308)

    Spill  response,  Equipment,  Risk  analysis, Contingency planning, Models,
    Booms,  Skimmers,  *Computer  simulations
                                     52

-------
B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    The title system involves:  1) Risk analysis, in which the types and
    sizes of potential  oil spills and the geographical,  meteorological,  and
    oceanographic conditions in probable spill  locations are considered;
    2) development of hypothetical spill scenarios to aid in identifying
    problems likely to be encountered in the logistics,  deployment,  and
    operation of equipment under different circumstances; and 3)  sizing
    and selection of cleanup equipment to meet the needs identified  in  the
    previous steps.   Computer programs which may be valuable in the  develop-
    ment of oil spill  countermeasures are described.
    79B-0470
    RADIOTRACER APPLICATIONS IN PETROLEUM REFINERY POLLUTION CONTROL
    Fries, B.A.  1976
    Measurement, Detection and Control of Environmental  Pollutants.   Pro-
    ceedings of a Symposium, Vienna, 15-19 March 1976.   Vienna,  International
    Atomic Energy Agency, 1976.  p. 609-620.

    Pollution control, Detection, Monitoring, Wastewaters,  Refineries,  Oil
    discharges, *Radiotracer techniques

    A series of studies are described in which radiotracer  techniques were
    applied to the measurement of refinery effluent flow rates to  determine
    the degree to which water quality standards were being  met.  The  study
    facilitated the identification of deficiencies in the effluent system,
    and necessary modifications were made as a result.
    79B-0471
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE WATER POLLUTION CONTROL WORKSHOP, OCTOBER 27-9,  1976.
    Goodwin, G.L (ed.).  1976.
    Adelaide, Australia, Techsearch, Inc., 1976.  160 p.
    Pollution prevention, Pollution control, Foreign governments, Australia,
    *Proceedings
    Summary not available,  [possibly oil pollution related]

    [from Chemical Abstracts 88(22):#158237j.  1978]
                                      53

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    79B-0472
    ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION - A
    PRACTICAL LESSON USING THREE CASE HISTORIES
    Juhasz, F.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March 1979.  Washington,  DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 53-58.  (API Publication No.  4308)
    Tankers, Segregated ballast, Cost analysis, Oil  spills, Pollution pre-
    vention, Economics
    The title study basically concluded that the potential  environmental/
    economic benefits of retrofitting the existing tanker fleet with segre-
    gated ballast tanks were relatively small.   However, while marginal
    changes in oil  pollution levels might be insignificant, the long-term
    effect would be important.  For the areas analyzed, the severe lack of
    data relative to physical damage  means  that results are site specific
    and cannot be generalized for other areas.
    79B-0473
    FACTORS BEARING ON POLLUTION CONTROL IN U.S.  PORTS LOCATED IN ESTUARINE
    AREAS
    Langlois, E.  1977.
    Estuarine Pollution Control  and Assessment:   Proceedings of a Conference
    [Pensacola, Florida, 11-13 February 1975].   Washington,  DC, US Environ-
    mental Protection Agency,  Office of Water Planning and Standards,  1977.
    Vol. 2:529-551.  (Report EPA-440-1-77-007)

    Pollution control, Ports,  Development,  Disposal,  Wastewaters, Estuaries,
    Regulations, US, Industries, Government agencies, Environmental  protec-
    tion

    This paper points out the need for additional  attention to the effects
    that port development will have on  the  existing and future ecology of
    estuarine areas.  Current  federal  pollution  control policies in  regard
    to disposal of oily waste  and ballast water  in port facilities are sum-
    marized.  The need for a clearer definition  of the responsibilities of
    industry and government is pointed  out.
    79B-0474
    HANDBOOK OF POLLUTION CONTROL MANAGEMENT
    Lund, H.F. (ed.).  1978.
    Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1978.  444 p.
    Industries, Pollution control, Economics, Legislation, Regulations,
    Wastewater treatment, *Management, *Handbook
                                     54

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
    This handbook is a guide to management planning in industry for the wise
    and effective expenditure of funds on pollution abatement operations.
    The book is organized according to a "logic diagram"  which details the
    sequence of steps involved in evaluating and implementing pollution control
    systems.  A variety of pollution problems, including  wastewater treatment,
    are specifially addressed in a section devoted to technical considerations
    (possibly oil pollution related]


    79B-0475
    MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN THE SOVIET UNION
    McClelland, J.J., Jr.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 277-281.  (API Publication No.  4308)
    Regulations, Legislation, Foreign governments, Government agencies,
    Law enforcement, Contingency planning, Spill  cleanup, Equipment,  Black
    Sea, USSR
    The agencies and regulations governing pollution  prevention and cleanup
    practices in the Soviet Union are outlined.  Oil  Spill  response plans  for
    the Black Sea-Azov Basin and the cleanup equipment stocked in the Soviet
    Union are described.
    79B-0476
    BIODETERIORATION OF MEMBRANE SEPARATORS FOR USE IN AN OIL POLLUTION PRE-
    VENTION SYSTEM
    May, M.E., and R.A. Neihof.  1977.
    Report AD-A050121.   59 p.
    Oil-water separation, Equipment, Pollution prevention, Ballast,  Tankers,
    Filtration, Design-engineering
    Prototype membranes for possible use in ballast water/oil  separation have
    been tested for resistance to microbial deterioration.  Fabric  rein-
    forced elastomer composites of two types were tested:   Neoprene/nylon
    fabric/neoprene and Hydrin/nylon fabric/Hydrin.  Miscroscopic cracks
    were noted in the Hydrin/nylon Hydrin composite, while the neoprene/
    nylon fabric/neoprene composite appeared promising if pinholes  and
    open edges at seams are minimized.
                                     55

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION  AND CONTROL


    79B-0477
    METHOD AND APPARATUS  FOR  CONTROLLING A WELL DURING DRILLING OPERATIONS
    Otis Engineering Corporation.   1978.
    US Patent 4,076,083
    Blowout prevention, Drilling,  Equipment, Design-engineering, Patent

    A blowout preventer system is  described for use  in a  well  with a well
    casing, a drill  string in  the well  casing,  and a  drill  bit on the
    lower end.  The system includes a  valve assembly  which  selectively
    changes drilling fluid circulation from normal parallel  circulation
    throughout the  drill  string, to contolled  circulation  bypassing the
    packer when the packer assembly is activated.  Facilities  are included
    which actuate the  packer  to seal  the annulus  between  the drill string
    and the well, and  for controlling  the well assembly means.

    [from Underwater Information Bulletin 10(5):#78/10/15.   1978]
                    4,076,083
      METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING A
          WELL DURING DRILLING OPERATIONS
     Pkilip S. Stzer, Dallas, Tex-, assignor to Otis Engineering Cor-
      poration, Dallas, Tex.
            Filed NOT. 24, 1975, Ser. No. 634,824
            Int CL2 E21B 23/04, 33/127, 41/00
     VJS. CL 175—65                    38 Claims
    79B-0478
    PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF  MARINE OIL POLLUTION.   REGIONAL MARINE OIL
    POLLUTION CONFERENCE  - AUSTRALIA, BRISBANE, 8-10  NOVEMBER 1976.
    Petroleum Institute Environmental Conservation Executive.  1976.  North
    Sydney, Petroleum Institute  Environmental Executive,  1976.   243  p.

    Pollution prevention, Pollution  control, Marine environment, Australia

    Summary not available.

    [from Marine Pollution Research  Titles 4(3):#468.   1977]
                                      56

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL


    79B-0479
    THE SPREADING, RETENTION, AND CLEAN-UP OF OIL SPILLS
    Wilson, M.P., et al.   1978.
    University of Rhode Island Report HCP/P2756-01,  Contract No.  (11-1)  2756.
    126 p.

    Spill containment, Spill cleanup, Pollution prevention, Ships,  Tankers,
    Sources, Statistics,  Biodegradation, Dispersion, Oil slicks,  Spreading,
    Equipment

    "This study reviews and assesses the technological  state of the art  of
    oil spill spreading,  retention and clean-up and proposes research needs
    in these areas.  Sources of oil spills are analyzed and the difficulty
    of gathering meaningful statistics is discussed.  Barrier technology is
    reviewed and problem areas analyzed.  Natural and forced biodegradation
    and natural and chemical dispersion of oil spills are presented.  Re-
    search recommendations are categorized under the following two  headings
    (1) Preventive Techniques and  (2) Containment,  Clean-up and Dispersion."
                                      57

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS  OF OIL  POLLUTION

    1.   Biological  Aspects


    79B-0480
    COMPARATIVE UPTAKE OF  NAPHTHALENES  FROM WATER AND OILED SEDIMENT BY
    BENTHIC AMPHIPODS
    Anderson,  J.W., S.L.  Kiesser,  and J.W.  Blaylock.   1979
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March  1979.  Washington, DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  579-584.  (API Publication  No.  4308)

    Hydrocarbons, WSF, Sediments,  Uptake, Release,  Amphipods,  *Naphthalenes,
    *Biomagnification
    The benthic amphipod,  Anonyx  laticoxae, was  exposed  to whole oil  on
    sediments  or water extracts of Prudhoe  Bay crude  oil  under static and
    flowing conditions.  The only  class of  compounds  measured  in water,
    tissues and sediments  was naphthalenes.   Tissue magnification of naph-
    thalenes was least during sediment  exposure  (2-4  times),  intermediate
    during static exposure (10-50  times), and greatest during  flowing water
    exposure (1000  times).   Results  indicate  that bioavailability of naph-
    thalenes is via interstitial and  water  column contamination.   Release
    of  naphthalenes from oiled sediments  and  tissues  appears  to  be related
    to  the water solubilities of the  oil  components^


    79B-0481
    LABORATORY  AND  FIELD  STUDIES  ON  THE  LONG  TERM EFFECTS  OF  PETROLEUM  HYDRO-
    CARBONS  ON  BENTHIC  MARINE  INVERTEBRATES
    Anderson, J.W.,  P.  Riley,  R.M. Bean,  J.W.  Blaylock,  and S.L.  Kiesser.  1977
    Battelle Pacific  Northwest Laboratories,  Report  CONF-770345-1,  Contract
    EY-76-C-06-1830.  33  p.   (Workshop on the Interagency  Marine  Research As-
    sociated With  Energy,  Newport,  Rhode Island, 1  March  1977.)

    Chronic  effects,  Crude  oil, Benthos,  Marine  organisms,  Invertebrates,
    Hydrocarbons, Sediments,  Biodegradation,  Uptake

    Interdisciplinary studies  are being  conducted on the fate of  crude  oil
    in  sediments. Principal objectives are to determine  the rates and
    mechanisms  of degradation  of  petroleum in the marine environment, to
    determine persistent  component types, and to correlate  such information,
    wherever possible,  with observed effects  on  biota.   Preliminary results
    of  studies  of hydrocarbon  uptake from sediment by benthic organisms are
    included.

    [from  Report NTIS/PS-78/0193.  p. 5.   1978]
                                    58

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    79B-0482
    THE EFFECTS OF THE BARGE STC-101 OIL SPILL ON SHALLOW WATER INVERTEBRATES
    OF LOWER CHESAPEAKE BAY
    Ayers, R.W.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 280-310.

    Biological effects, Benthos, Invertebrates, Intertidal zone, Ships, Fuel
    oil, Chesapeake Bay, *Barge STC-101 spill

    About 946,000 L (250,000 gal) of No. 6 fuel  oil  spilled into  lower Chesa-
    peake Bay from the Barge STC-101 on 2 February 1976.   This paper evaluates
    the effects of the spill on benthic macro-invertebrate populations.   Re-
    sults indicate that no attributable effect was detected at subtidal  sta-
    tions; intertidal  areas may have been damaged to some degree.
    79B-0483
    RESPONSE OF A SUBTIDAL SEDIMENT COMMUNITY TO LOW LEVELS OF OIL HYDRO-
    CARBONS IN A NORWEGIAN FJORD
    Bakke, T., and T.M. Johnsen.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 633-639.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Hydrocarbons, Sediments, Marine Organisms, Aromatic hydrocarbons,
    Chronic effects, Marine environment, Norway

    For nine months an artificially enclosed, subtidal  sandy bottom was
    exposed to low levels of oil hydrocarbons.  Aromatic hydrocarbons  did
    not significantly accumulate, sediment bacterial cell  population fluc-
    tuation did not correlate with oil stress, decreased grazing by sediment
    fauna was observed, and nematode population decreased  progressively  in
    the oiled sediment.  "No significant short term fluctuations were  ob-
    served in any organism groups studied during exposure periods."
                                                 Stendell,  et al.   1977.
                                                 Proceedings of a  Conference
                                                US Environmental  Protection
                                                    1977.   Vol. 1:57-71.
79B-0484
IMPACT OF ESTUARINE POLLUTION ON BIRDS
Blus, L.J., S.N. Wiemeyer, J.A. Kerwin, R.C
Estuarine Pollution Control and Assessment:
[Pensacola, Florida, 11-13 February 1975].
Agency, Office of Water Planning and Standards
(Report EPA-440-1-77-007)

Birds, Biological effects, Estuaries

A literature review  with 62 references  is presented on the impact of
various estuarine pollutants on birds.  Nine papers are mentioned which
deal specifically with oil pollution effects.
                                     59

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    79B-0485
    POTENTIAL LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF PRUDHOE CRUDE OIL IN ARCTIC SEDIMENTS ON
    INDIGENOUS BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES
    Busdosh, M., K.W.  Dobra,  A. Horowitz,  S.E.  Neff, and R.M.  Atlas.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment  of Ecological Impacts  of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.   American  Institute  of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 856-874.
    Invertebrates, Benthos, Crude oil,  Toxicity, Acute effects,  Sublethal
    effects, Mortality, Sediments, Amphipods, Arctic
    In the title study, toxicity was measured as mortality and  as  sublethal
    behavioral changes in feeding, movement, and burrowing activities.   Am-
    phipods were selected as  the principal bioassay organisms  because  of
    their abundance and overall distribution in Arctic marine  ecosystems.
    Results showed that exposure to oiled  sediment reduced  the  survival
    rate but did not result in  major mortality.  The difference  observed
    (8%) between mortalities  with exposure to fresh oil  and weathered  oil
    implicates the lower boiling compounds, which are lost  by weathering,
    as the toxic compounds resulting in mortality.
    79B-0486
    IN SITU STUDIES OF THE  SEASONAL  SUCCESSIONAL  TRAJECTORIES  OF  TRANS-
    PLANTED AND EXPERIMENTAL MARINE  DIATOM ASSEMBLAGES
    Coccetti,  G.F.   1976.
    New York,  City  College,  Department of Biology,  Contract E(ll-l )-3254.
    152 p.   Thesis.  (NTIS  Report  TID-27173.)

    Microorganisms, Biological  effects, *Community structure, *Diatoms

    "A study was made of the underlying mechanisms  controlling the  struc-
    ture of natural communities  of marine diatoms and  transplanted  assem-
    blages  following exposure to stresses...Heavy metals  and oils were
    found to alter  community structure."

    [from Energy Information Abstracts 2(8):#20879.   1977]
    79B-0487
    EXPERIMENTS  WITH  PETROLEUM  HYDROCARBONS
    Corner, E.D.S., and  R.P.  Harris.   1976.
    FAO Lectures Presented  at FAO/SIDA Training  Course  on  Toxicity Testing,
    4th,  Lysekil,  Sweden,  13  October-29 November 1975.   Rome,  Food and
    Agriculture  Organization, 1976.   p.  181-198.  (Report  FAO/SIDA/TF-INT
    173 (SWE)  -  Supplement  I)

    Hydrocarbons,  Toxicity, Biological  effects

    Summary not  available.

    [from Marine Pollution  Research  Titles 4(1):#64.  1977]


                                    60

-------
C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    79B-0488
    BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM ON AQUATIC BIRDS
    Eastin, W.C. and D.J. Hoffman.  1978.
    Conference on the Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 560-582.

    Birds, Biological effects, Chronic effects, Acute effects,  Toxicity,
    Hydrocarbons, Growth, Reproduction

    Certain acute and chronic biological impacts of petroleum and its com-
    ponents in aquatic birds were evaluated.  The studies included assessments
    of embryonic development and hatching success of eggs externally exposed
    to petroleum and its components, and the effect of oil  ingestion on the
    development of ducklings and on adult reproduction and physiology.   The
    authors conclude that oil spills and oil pollution probably pose the
    greatest threat to the developmental and reproductive phases  of the
    life cycle of aquatic birds.


    79B-0489
    EFFECTS OF WATER-SOLUBLE OIL FRACTIONS ON METABOLISM, GROWTH  AND CARBON
    BUDGET OF THE SHRIMP CRANGON CANGON
    Edwards, R.R.C.  1978.
    Marine Biology 46(3):259-265.

    Biological effects, Crude oil, WSF, Concentrations, Metabolism, Mortality,
    Reproduction, Growth, Crustaceans, *Crangon crangon

    Juvenile shrimp, Crangon crangon L., were maintained in crude oil WSFs
    at 10°, 15°, and 20° C.   During exposure, reductions in respiration and
    growth rate were correlated with the strength of the extract.   Physiological
    consequences resulting from exposure are discussed.
                                                   PHOCA HISPIDA,  FOLLOWING
                                                   of Oil  Spills,
                                                   of Biological
 Keystone,
Sciences,
79B-0490
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN ARCTIC RINGED SEALS,
EXPERIMENTAL OIL EXPOSURE
Engelhardt, F.R.  1978.
Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts
Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute
1978.  p. 613-628.

Marine mammals, Hydrocarbons, Contamination, Crude oil,  Absorption,
Metabolism, Uptake, Release, *Phoca hispida

The title species showed rapid absorption and clearing of hydrocarbons
from Norman Wells crude oil in body tissues and fluids when exposed ex-
perimentally by immersion and ingestion.   Fluorometric measurements
indicated relatively low but significant levels of hydrocarbons in
tissues, blood, and plasma following external  exposure.   Levels in
bile and urine were higher, indicating  these to be the routes of excre-
tion.
                                61

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS  OF  OIL  POLLUTION
    79B-0491
    THE BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS  OF  OIL  SPILLS  (A  BIBLIOGRAPHY  WITH  ABSTRACTS)
    Harrison,  E.A.   1978.
    Report NTIS/PS-78/0193.  _ p.   Report  for  1964-Feb. 1978.   (Supersedes
    Report NTIS/PS-77/0200,  and NTIS/PS-76/0033.)

    Oil spills,  Biological  effects,  Metabolism,  Microorganisms, Plants,  Animals,
    Freshwater,  Seawater, Bibliographies
    This bibliography covers biological effects  of  oil  spills  in  saltwater
    and freshwater.   Included  are  papers on  effects on  microorganisms,  plants,
    and animals  and  research on the  residues and metabolic  products  of  various
    oil components.   Of the 242 abstracts  included  in this  listing,  51  are
    new entries.
    79B-0492
    THE EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM  ON  AQUATIC  ORGANISM:   A  MULTIDISCIPLINARY
    APPROACH
    Hawkes,  J.W.   1977.
    Oil  and  Aquatic Ecosystems,  Tanker Safety,  and  Oil  Pollution  Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute  held in  Cordova,  Alaska
    on April  1-3,  1977.   B. Melteff  (ed.).   University  of Alaska  and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.   p.  87-97.   (NTIS Report  PB-277  060)

    Marine mammals, Arctic, Subarctic regions,  Biologial effects,  Toxicity,
    Metabolism

    The title study was  designed to  determine  the effects of  petroleum  on
    subarctic and  arctic marine  mammals.  Chemistry,  morphology,  physiology,
    pathology, and behavior were used to evaluate alterations of  the animals
    from exposure  to petroleum.   Results of  completed studies are  presented.
    79B-0493
    RELATIONSHIP OF HYDROCARBON  SOLUBILITY  TO  TOXICITY  IN  ALGAE  AND  CELLULAR
    MEMBRANE EFFECTS
    Hutchinson,  T.C.,  J.A.  Hellebust,  D.  Mackay,  D.  Tarn and  P.  Knauss.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March  1979.   Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p.  541-547.   (API Publication  No. 4308)

    Algae,  Hydrocarbons,  Toxicity,  Solubility, Biological  effects, *Cell
    membrane

    The title  study indicates  that  the molar hydrocarbon concentration  re-
    quired  to  cause a  50% reduction in lkC  uptake in  unicellular green
    algae is a linear  function of the  solubility  of  the hydrocarbon.  A
    high correlation between toxicity  and partition  coefficients was  also
    found.   Partitioning  into  and disruption of the  cellular membrane by
    the hydrocarbons was  proposed as a possible mechanism  for  their  toxicity.
    Potassium, magnesium, and  14C leakage in hydrocarbon-treated cells were
    examined to  test this hypothesis and  the results  are reported.
                                      62

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-0494
    EFFECTS OF NO. 2 FUEL OIL ON CHEMICALLY-EVOKED FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF THE
    MUD SNAIL, ILYANASSA OBSOLETA
    Hyland, J.L., and D.C. Miller.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington,  DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 603-607.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Toxicity, Fuel oil, WSF, Sublethal  effects, Behavior, Mollusks, *Feeding,
    *Chemoreception, *I1yanassa obsoleta

    Arousal and extension of the proboscis were used as criteria  for deter-
    mining the effects of No. 2 fuel oil on feeding behavior  in the title
    organism.  The initial perception of food (arousal) was significantly
    inhibited after 48 hr exposure to low oil concentrations, while tasting
    (proboscis extension) was inhibited only after 1  month.


    79B-0495
    EFFECTS OF SEAWATER EXTRACT OF EKOFISK OIL ON HATCHING SUCCESS OF
    BARENTS SEA CAPELIN
    Johannessen, K.I.  1976.
    ICES  C. M. Pap. Rep., No. E:29.  12 p.

    WSF, Crude oil, Fish, Biological effects, Reproduction, Barents Sea,
    *Hatching

    Summary not available.

    [from Marine Pollution Research Titles 4(6):1051.  1977]


    79B-0496
    ON A ROLE OF CAROTENOIDS IN TOLERANCE OF SEA MOLLUSKS TO  ENVIRONMENTAL
    POLLUTION
    Karnaukhov, V.N., N.Y. Milovidova,  and I.N. Kargopolova.   1977.
    Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology 56A(2):189-193.

    Mollusks, Environmental  effects, Metabolism, Invertebrates, *Carotenoids

    A study of the carotenoid content of various marine mollusk species
    indicated that those with a high content show greater resistance to
    marine pollution, including oil, than those with low levels.   In ad-
    dition, the species studied increased their carotenoid levels after
    exposure to pollution.  The results "suggested [the] role of carotenoids
    in oxidative metabolism of animal cells and in the adaptation of these
    cells to hypoxic conditions."
                                    63

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-Q497
    EFFECTS OF LOW LEVELS OF HYDROCARBONS ON EMBRYONIC,  LARVAL AND ADULT
    WINTER FLOUNDER, (PSEUDOPLEURONECTES AMERICANUS)
    Kiihnhold, W.W.,  D.  Everich,  J.J.  Stegeman,  J.  Lake,  and R.E.  Wolke.   1978
    Conference on the Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil   Spills, Key-
    stone, Colorado,  14-17 June  1978.   American Institute of Biological
    Sciences, 1978.   p.  677-711.

    Fish, Hydrocarbons,  Fuel  oil,  Biological  effects,  Contamination,  Re-
    production, Sublethal  effects,  Growth,  Development,  *Pseudopleuronectes
    americanus

    Direct exposure  of  winter flounder  eggs to  100 ppb water-accommodated
    No.  2 fuel oil  resulted in reduced  viable hatch  when the exposure dura-
    tion included both  fertilization  and embryonic development.   Hatching
    was  delayed when  exposure included  contamination of  gametes during gonad
    maturation of adults,  and spinal  abnormalities appeared in the larvae of
    these fish.  Latent  effects  on  reproductive success  can occur even tnough
    earlier developmental  stages  or adults  appear  unaffected.


    79B-0498
    THE  INTERACTIVE  EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL  FACTORS AND  HYDROCARBON EXPOSURE
    ON THE SURVIVAL,  DEVELOPMENT  RATE AND GROWTH OF  THE  MUD CRAB
    RHITHROPANOPEUS  HARRISII  AND  THE  HORSESHOE  CRAB  LIMULUS POLYPHEMUS
    Laughlin, R.B.,  Jr.   1977-
    Ph.D. Dissertation,  Texas A&M University, 1977.  206 p.

    WSF, Aromatic hydrocarbons,  Fuel  oil,  Toxicity,  Mortality, Sublethal
    effects,  Respiration,  Growth, Development,  Metabolism,  *Rhithropanopeus
    harissi,  *Limulus polyphemus

    The  interactive effects  of temperature,  salinity,  developmental stage,
    and  No.  2 fuel oil WSF  or aromatic  hydrocarbon concentration  on the
    survival,  respiration,  and development  of the  title  organisms  were
    studied.   The response  of the organisms  to  osmotic shock during hydro-
    carbon  exposure was  also  examined.   Results  generally  indicated an
    increased  sensitivity  to  salinity and  temperature  changes  during  hydro-
    carbon  exposure, and a  decreased salinity tolerance  in  exposed organisms.
    Observed  Sublethal effects were attributed  to  interference of  membrane-
    mediated  functions by aromatic  hydrocarbons.
                                    64

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    79B-0499
    THE INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE, SALINITY, AND SUBLETHAL EXPOSURE
    TO PHENANTHRENE, A PETROLEUM-DERIVED POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON
    (PAH), ON THE RESPIRATION RATE OF JUVENILE MUD CRABS, RHITHROPANOPEUS
    HARRISII
    Laughlin, R.B., and J.M. Neff.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 585-590.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Hydrocarbons, PAH, Sublethal effects, Respiration, Toxicity,  Crustaceans,
    *Phenanthrene, *Rhithropanopeus harrisii

    In the title study, mud crabs were exposed for 10 days to various tem-
    perature, salinity and phenanthrene concentration combinations.  When
    compared to controls, phenanthrene-exposed animals exhibited  marked
    changes in respiration rates both at steady state and following osmotic
    shock, and a higher percent body water.
    79B-0500
    QUANTIFICATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN SELECTED TISSUES OF MALE
    MALLARD DUCKLINGS CHRONICALLY EXPOSED TO SOUTH LOUISIANA CRUDE OIL
    Lawler, G.C., J.P. Holmes, B.J. Fiorito, J.L. Laseter, and R.C. Szaro.
    1978.
    Conference on the Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological Sciences,
    1978.  p. 583-612.

    Birds, Hydrocarbons, Chronic effects, Crude oil, Toxicity, Uptake

    Heart, liver, and kidney tissues from male mallard ducklings that had
    ingested commercial duck starter containing 0.025%, 0.25%, 2.5%, and
    5.0% South Louisiana crude oil from hatch to eight weeks were analyzed
    for their oil hydrocarbon contents.  Fifty-five specific saturated and
    aromatic hydrocarbons were quantified.  Individual and total hydrocarbon
    concentrations relative to oil dosage are discussed in relation to the
    previously reported toxic responses of the ducklings.


    79B-0501
    SHORT TERM EFFECTS OF OIL ON PLANKTON IN CONTROLLED ECOSYSTEMS
    Lee, R.F., M. Takahashi, and J. Beers.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological Sciences,
    1978.  p. 634-650.

    Microorganisms, Plankton, Hydrocarbons, Bacteria, Algae
                                     65

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    A number of changes in plankton populations occurred after the addition
    of petroleum or its derivatives to CEPEX enclosures.  These included
    increases in bacterioplankton,  changes in the phytoplankton population,
    increases in numbers of rotifers and protozoans,  and decreases in cteno-
    phores.  Certain species of algae, particularly nanoflagellates and
    small-celled diatoms (less than 5 y),  appeared to be less susceptible
    to the effects of oil  than larger-celled diatoms.
    79B-0502
    ON THE EFFECT OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ON THE BLACK SEA HYDROBIONTS [in
    Russian]
    Mazmanidi, N.D., G.I.  Kovaleva,  A.M.  Kotov,  T.R.  Bazhashvili, et al.   1976
    Rybnoe Kohzyaistvo (Moscow),  No.  5:24-28.

    Petroleum products, Biological  effects,  Marine organisms,  Black Sea

    Summary not available.

    [from Marine Pollution  Research  Titles 4(5):#861.   1977]


    79B-0503
    THE EFFECTS OF OIL ON  MARINE  LIFE:   AN OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SPONSORED BY
    THE AMERICAN PETROLEUM  INSTITUTE
    Mertens, E.W., and J.R. Gould.   1976.
    International Symposium on Industrial Wates  and the Environment, 1st,
    Caracas, Venezuela, 1976.   16 p.

    Biological effects, Crude  oil,  Contamination,  Marine organisms, Chronic
    effects, Bioassay,  API, *Research  overview

    Some of the significant conclusions of API-sponsored projects are:
    Marine organisms contaminated by oil  rapidly purge themselves once
    exposure has been terminated; laboratory bioassay data on  the toxicity
    of oils to marine organisms have limited applicability to  "real-world"
    situations; studies on  the effects  of crude  oil on larval  stages of the
    American lobster, Homarus  americanus, indicated that survival  success
    of the test organisms  was  the same  as that of  controls, at up to Ippm
    crude oil  in seawater;  and that  low level chronic exposure to crude oil
    has negligible effects  on  marine life.
                                    66

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C.  ENVIRONMENT! IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    79B-Q504
    ACCUMULATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN A SALT MARSH ECOSYSTEM EXPOSED
    TO STEADY STATE OIL INPUT
    Milan, C.S., and T. Whelan, III.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 875-893.

    Marshes, Ecosystems, Hydrocarbons, Benthos, Bioindicators, Invertebrates,
    Chemical analysis, Oil discharges, Monitoring, Aromatic hydrocarbons,
    *Biomagnification

    Various biological components of a salt marsh ecosystem were  examined
    for petroleum hydrocarbon accumulation.  A site that has been exposed
    to steady state oil input for 30 years was compared to two control  sites
    from known pristine areas.  Of the three hydrocarbons  considered, cyclo-
    alkanes and aromatics were found to be better indicators of oil  accumula-
    tions than n-alkanes.  Benthic organisms, oysters and  mussels,  demon-
    strated the greatest enrichment of hydrocarbons, while the resident
    free-swimming Fundulus grandis demonstrated the least.  A  fluorescence
    spectrophotometric technique is proposed, whereby the  analysis  of the
    total aromatic content of benthic organisms can be used for baseline
    data and monitoring studies after oil  spills.
    79B-05Q5
    ON THE INFLUENCE OF THE POLLUTION OF ANTHROPOGENIC ORIGIN OF MARINE NEAR-
    SHORE AND ESTUARINE WATER ON THE DEVELOPMENT, DISTRIBUTION AND SETTLEMENT
    OF THE PELAGIC LARVAE OF BOTTOM INVERTEBRATES [English summary]
    Mileikovskii, S.A.  1976.
    Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Vol. 105:249-270.

    Biological effects, Benthos, Invertebrates, Distribution, Development,
    Coastal  waters, Estuaries
    Summary not available,  [possibly oil pollution related]
    [from Marine Pollution Research Titles 4(4):#625.  1977]
79B-0506
THE OCCURRENCE OF "WHITE EYE SYNDROME" IN SHRIMP (PENAEUS AZTECUS)
Minchew, C.D., L.R.  Brown, and C.M.  Ladner.   1979.
         Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
                            Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979 Oil
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.
    1979.  p. 537-539.  (API Publication No. 4308)
    Biological effects, Sublethal effects, Crude oil, Hydrocarbons, In-
    vertebrates, Crustaceans, ^Histology, *Penaeus aztecus
                                    67

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    The development of eye lesions in brown shrimp from experimental  ponds
    to which Empire Mix,  Nigerian, or Saudi Arabian crude oils were added
    was studied.   The incidence and severity of the lesions were greater
    in the Empire Mix-treated ponds than in the others.  The histology and
    a possible mechanism  for the development of the lesions are described.


    79B-0507
    THE ARGO MERCHANT OIL SPILL IMPACTS ON BIRDS AND MAMMALS
    Morson, B.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June  1978.   American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 180-195.
    Environmental effects, Birds,  Marine mammals, Contamination,  Argo
    Merchant spill, Baseline studies, Massachusetts
    Of 1121 birds observed in the  vicinity of the Argo Merchant spill from
    15-24 December 1976,  92% were  gulls, approximately 50% of which were
    oiled.  From 16 December to 31 January 1977, 43 sightings of marine
    mammals were made, and no oiled mammals were observed.  Future research
    priorities for birds  and mammals include baseline population studies,
    studies on effects of oil on reproductive potential and survival, and
    studies on methods of estimating impacts to populations more accurately.
    79B-0508
    LETHAL AND SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF OIL AND DISPERSANT ON YOUNG BAY
    SCALLOPS ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS
    Ordzie,  C.,  G. Garofalo,  and R. Traxler.   1978.
    Assessment of Treated vs.  Untreated Spills (Interim Report).   M.P.
    Wilson.  University of Rhode Island Report HCP/W4047-02,  Contract No.
    E(ll-l) 4047-  38 p.

    Toxicity, Crude oil, Dispersants, Mortality,  Sublethal  effects, Mollusks,
    Biological effects, *Argopecten irradians

    In the title study, .scallop behavioral  response and mortality was
    measured after exposure to varying doses of Kuwait crude  oil  and
    Corexit 9527.  At higher concentrations, the  dispersant was probably
    the responsible toxic agent causing scallop mortality.   In contrast,
    "behavioral  evidence at sublethal levels suggests that oil, and not
    dispersant,  may be responsible for rendering  scallops less effective
    in their discriminatory abilities" to escape  predators.
                                    68

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-0509
    ARE PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AN IMPORTANT SOURCE OF MUTAGENS IN THE MARINE
    ENVIRONMENT?
    Payne, J.F., R. Maloney, and A.  Rahimtula.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 533-536.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Aromatic hydrocarbons, Carcinogens, Sources, Biological  effects,  Food
    web, Marine organisms, Marine environment, *AHH

    The title study expands on the established theory that the aromatic  hydro-
    carbon hydroxylase enzyme system for activation of hydrocarbons to
    mutagens (and carcinogens) is present in all phyla of marine animals.
    Evidence suggests that mutagenic principal(s) in used engine oil  is
    derived from gasoline combustion and thus is only circumstantially re-
    lated to oil pollution.  In general, it is doubtful, conclude the authors,
    that accidental discharges of petroleum could be an important source of
    mutagenic activity in the marine environment.


    79B-0510
    A REVIEW OF OIL TOXICITY STUDIES CONDUCTED AT THE AUKE BAY LABORATORY
    Rice, S.D.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute held in Cordova, Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977-  B. Melteff (ed.).  University of Alaska and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.   p. 111-113.  (NTIS Report PB-277 060)

    Toxicity, Sublethal effects, Mortality, Marine organisms, Crustaceans,
    Hydrocarbons, Alaska

    Oil toxicity studies at the title lab have been conducted since 1971.
    Laboratory studies focus on lethality of oil components  and sublethal
    effects on marine organims.  Two significant conclusions of the studies
    are (1) crustacean larvae are the most sensitive life stage, especially
    when molting, and (2) Alaskan species may be more vulnerable to oil
    than species from warmer waters, because colder temperatures cause  toxic
    aromatics to persist longer.  Fifteen different publications are  cited
    from the Auke Bay Laboratory studies.


    79B-0511
    SENSITIVITY OF 39 ALASKAN MARINE SPECIES TO COOK INLET CRUDE OIL  AND
    NO. 2 FUEL OIL
    Rice, S.D., A. Moles, T.L. Taylor, and J.F. Karinen.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 549-554.  (API Publication No. 4308)
    WSF, Fuel oil, Crude oil, Toxicity, Marine organisms, Fish,  Invertebrates,
    Intertidal zone, Benthos, Alaska, *Pelagic zone

                                     69

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    Bioassays were performed to assess the toxicities of WSFs of the title
    oils to 39 fish and invertebrate species.   Pelagic organisms were
    generally more sensitive than benthic  or intertidal  species, and No. 2
    fuel oil  was more toxic than Cook Inlet Crude.   Although pelagic
    animals were more sensitive under experimental  conditions, intertidal
    environments are more vulnerable to long-term exposure resulting from
    an oil  spill.
    79B-0512
    HYDROCARBONS IN BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES  FROM THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BIGHT
    Rossi,  S.S., 6.W.  Rommel,  and  A.A.  Benson.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of  Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado,  14-17 June 1978.   American  Institute of  Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p.  821-833.

    Invertebrates, Benthos, Hydrocarbons,  Contamination,  Sampling,  OCS,
    Baseline studies,  California

    Oil  spill  assessment should include some  evaluation of chemical  contami-
    nation  in  affected  organisms,  particularly for edible species.   Such
    contamination is best evaluated through the study  of hydrocarbons.
    Twenty-six invertebrate species,  taken from 60 different sites,  were
    analyzed in this study.  Results  indicate that a wide distribution of
    hydrocarbon profiles exists among benthic invertebrates in the  study
    area.
    79B-Q513
    ECOPHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL SPILLS FROM AMOCO  CADIZ ON PELAGIC
    COMMUNITIES - PRELIMINARY RESULTS
    Samain, J.F.,  J.  Moal,  J.Y.  Daniel,  J.  Boucher,  and J.  Lefevre.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March  1979.   Washington,  DC, American Petroleum  Institute,
    1979.  p.  175-186.   (API Publication No.  4308)

    Biological  effects, Oil  spills, Zooplankton, Distibution, Biomass,
    Hydrocarbons,  Estuaries

    "First results  on distribution  and  changes  of biomass  (dry weight and
    total soluble  proteins), physiology (amylase,  trypsin)  and fauna!  com-
    position of zooplankton  are reported for the two  months following the
    Amoco Cadiz spill on  the northern Brittany  coast.  A shortage of biomass
    in the Aber area is attributed  to hydrocarbons.   The low level  of the
    mean value  of  biomass  on the north  coasts,  and  the peculiarities at the
    estuarine  station on  Lannion Bay and the Trieux area are reported and
    discussed."
                                    70

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-0514
    ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL-DISPERSANT MIXTURES IN FRESH WATERS
    Scott, B.F., E. Nagy, J.P. Sherry, B.J. Dutka, et al.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 565-571.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Dispersants, Biological effects, Freshwater, Zooplankton, Bacteria,
    Fungi, Microorganisms

    Studies on a series of experimental  spills in artificial  ponds indicated
    that the effects on zooplankton, phytoplankton,  bacteria, fungi,  and
    dissolved oxygen were greater in oiled ponds treated  with dispersant
    than in ponds containing oil alone.   Oil-dispersant ponds also exhibited
    enhanced  soluble reactive silica levels relative to  the  oiled and con-
    trol ponds.


    79B-0515
    IMPACT OF CRUDE OIL ON PLANKTON FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
    Scott, B.F.  and D.B. Shindler.  1978.
    Conference on the Assessment of Ecological Impacts of  Oil Spills,  Key-
    stone, Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute  of  Biological
    Sciences, 1978.  p. 712-733.

    Freshwater,  Crude oil, Oil spills, Plankton, Bacteria, Biological  effects,
    Ice, Ecosystems
    During the winters of two field seasons, a series of  five oil  spills,
    varying in type and amount of crude oils, were conducted  in artificial
    ponds near Ottawa.   Phytoplankton,  protozoa, zooplankton, and bacteria
    were monitored.  Results indicate that bacterial populations  of the
    treated ponds were enhanced while an ice cover existed, and the enhance-
    ment increased after the ice melted.  The zooplankton  populations  dimin-
    ished only after the ice cover melted.


    79B-0516
    SOME EFFECTS OF OIL ON ALASKAN MARINE  ANIMALS
    Shaw, D.G.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution  Liability.
    Proceedings  of the Cordova Fisheries Institute,  held  in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff (ed.).  University of  Alaska  and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p.  77-85.  (NTIS Report  PB-277 060)

    Sublethal effects, Mollusks, Marine organisms, Alaska,  *Macoma balthica

    Reviewed are laboratory studies of  sublethal  effects  of  oil  on a  small,
    abundant clam species, Macoma balthica.  The clam study was selected to
    illustrate the type of information available on sublethal effects,  and
    because it is applicable to southcentral Alaska.  Results are briefly
    discussed.

                                     71

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    79B-0517
    EFFECT OF NAPHTHALENE AND AQUEOUS CRUDE OIL EXTRACTS ON THE GREEN
    FLAGELLATE CHLAMYDOMONAS ANGULQSA.   III.   CHANGES IN CELLULAR COMPOSITION
    Soto, C., J.A.  Hellebust, and T.C.  Hutchinson.   1977.
    Canadian Journal  of Botany 55(22):2765-2777.
    Crude oil, WSF,  Biological  effects,  Algae, Growth,  Metabolism, *Naph-
    thalenes, *Chlamydomonas angulosa
    In the title study,  naphthalene-treated cultures of C_.  angulosa. cultures
    treated with aqueous crude oil  extracts,  and control  cultures were ob-
    served for changes in major cellular composition during growth.   During
    the exponential  phase of nomal  growth the cellular  content of all major
    constitutents varied in a rhythmic  pattern in response  to the growth
    rate of the cultures.  In closed  system cultures treated with crude oil
    extracts, cellular carbohydrate remained  constant,  total  protein de-
    creased significantly, and pigments, cellular total  carbon, and  lipids
    increased.  In  cultures treated with 50%  saturated  naphthalene
    medium, pigments and  total  cellular carbon remained constant, total
    protein decreased, and carbohydrates and  lipids  increased.  Upon trans-
    fer to an open  system, cells treated with crude  oil  extracts recovered
    more readily than naphthalene-treated cells.
    79B-0518
    THE INFAUNAL BENTHOS OF PETROLEUM-CONTAMINATED SEDIMENTS'   STUDY OF A
    COMMUNITY AT A NATURAL  OIL  SEEP
    Spies, R.B., P.H.  Davis,  and D.H.  Stuermer.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment  of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.   American  Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.   p. 735-755.

    Natural  seepage, Benthos, Sediments,  Crude  oil,  Biological  effects,
    Marine organisms,  Santa Barbara Channel

    A diverse Northria-Tellina  assemblage exists  in  sediments  containing
    3,300-10,200 ppm of crude oil  in the  Isla Vista  oil  seep area  near  Santa
    Barbara,  California.  Community changes  over  a two-year period were
    compared with those in  a  nearby non-seepage area.   The faunas  are
    similar,  except for the high abundance of oligochaetes in  the  seep
    sediments.   Several  measures indicated relatively less community
    stability at the seep station.
                                    72

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-0519
    THE URQUIQLA OIL SPILL (5/12/76):  OBSERVATIONS OF BIOLOGICAL DAMAGE
    ALONG THE SPANISH COAST
    Stein, R.J., E.R. Gundlach, and M.O. Hayes.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 311-330.

    Biological effects, Invertebrates, Mollusks, Mortality, Benthos,  Coasts,
    Spain, Crude oil, Urquiola spill

    On 12 May 1976, the supertanker Urquiola ran aground and spilled  nearly
    30,000 tons of Persian Gulf crude oil along 215 km of Spanish coastline.
    Quadrat analyses of a sandy tidal flat, a marsh, and a mud flat indicated
    that the edible cockle, Cerastoderma edule, and the marsh gastropod,
    Littorina littorea, were the macrobenthic faunal  residents most vulner-
    able to the effects of the spilled oil.  Other species of bivalves
    (Scrobicularia plana, Tellina tenuis, Venerupus decussata) suffered
    lower mortalities, ranging from 19-30%.


    79B-0520
    BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE METULA OIL SPILL
    Straughan, D. 1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 365-377.
    Metula spill, Biological effects, Intertidal zone, Invertebrates,
    Distribution, Coasts, Spain
    A brief review is presented of biological studies  conducted after  the
    Metula spill.  The relationship between the distribution and  abundance
    of intertidal invertebrate species and the petroleum in the intertidal
    quadrats is discussed.  The data suggest a continued impact of petroleum
    in quadrats remaining heavily oiled and recovery  of invertebrates in
    other quadrats where petroleum is being gradually lost.


    79B-0521
    BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INTERTIDAL AREAS OF THE STRAITS OF MAGELLAN IN
    JANUARY 1975, FIVE MONTHS AFTER THE METULA OIL SPILL
    Straughan, D.  1976.
    The Metula Oil Spill.  C.G. Gunnerson, and G. Peter.  1976.  Boulder,
    Colorado, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental
    Research Laboratories, 1976.  57 p.  NOAA Special Report.  (Appendix B,
    attached microfiche)
    Oil spills, Biological effects, Recovery, Mortality, Intertidal zone,
    Invertebrates, Detection, Metula spill, Strait of Magellan, Chile
                                     73

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL  POLLUTION
    Five months after the  spill,  a  survey showed  continuing  high concentra-
    tions of oil  and continued  mortality of intertidal  invertebrates.   In
    upper marsh areas plants  were observed growing  again  through the oil.
    79B-0522
    EFFECTS OF CHRONIC CONCENTRATIONS  OF  PETROLEUM  HYDROCARBONS  ON  GONADAL
    MATURATION IN STARRY FLOUNDER  (PLATICHTHYS  STELLATUS  [PALLAS])
    Whipple, J.A.,  T.G. Yocom,  D.R.  Smart,  and M.H.  Cohen.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts  of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.   American  Institute  of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.   p. 756-806.

    Fish,  Uptake, WSF,  Crude oil,  Growth,  Chronic effects,  Biological  ef-
    fects, Behavior,  *P1atichthys  stellatus, Development

    Adult-starry flounder, during  gonadal maturation,  were continuously  ex-
    posed  to low concentrations (100-200  ppb)  of the WSF of Cook Inlet
    crude  oil for periods of 5, 7,  and 21  days.  Female  flounders  accum-
    ulated a mean concentration of 12.98  yg/g  (ppm)  monocyclic,  cyclohexane
    and dicyclic components  in  mature  ovaries.  Several  changes  in  behavior
    and histological  damage  in  ovaries and livers were also observed.
    79B-0523
    ESTIMATION OF EFFECTS FROM OIL  ON  INTERTIDAL  POPULATIONS:   EXPERIMENTAL
    PERTURBATIONS VERSUS  NATURAL  VARIATION
    Vanderhorst,  J.R.,  J.W.  Anderson,  P.  Wilkenson,  and  D.L.  Woodruff.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado,  14-17 June  1978.  American  Institute of Biological Sciences,
    1978.   p.  807-820.

    Biological  effects,  Intertidal  zone,  Marine organisms,  Mollusks,
    Polychaetes,  Uptake,  Bioassay

    Two experimental  approaches to  the investigation of  effects of oil  on
    intertidal  population processes were  evaluated in terms of effort  re-
    quired to  quantitatively estimate  effects  of  specific  magnitudes.   One
    approach used trays of oil-contaminated  sediment  placed in the  low  inter-
    tidal  zone and subsequently treated in  laboratory tanks.   Three poly-
    chaete and two bivalve species  were evaluated and results are  presented.
                                    74

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    79B-0524
    TOXICITY TESTING OF OILS AND OIL DISPERSANTS
    White, I.C.  1976.
    FAO Lectures Presented at FAO/SIDA Training Course on Toxicity Testing,
    4th, Lysekil, Sweden, 13 October-29 November 1975.   Rome,  Food and
    Agriculture Organization, 1976.  p. 168-180.  (Report FAO/SIDA/TF-INT
    173 (SUE) - Supplement I)

    Chemical analysis, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Petroleum products,  Dispersants,
    Toxicity, Biological  effects

    Summary not available.

    [from Marine Pollution Research Titles 4(1):#84.   1977]
    79B-0525
    THE EFFECTS OF THE EKOFISK BLOWOUT ON HYDROCARBON RESIDUES IN FISH AND
    SHELLFISH
    Whittle, K.J., P.R. Mackie, J. Farmer, and R.  Hardy.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 540-559.

    Fish, Mollusks, Biological effects, Contamination, Sampling,  Benthos,
    Hydrocarbons, Ekofisk blowout, North Sea

    Demersal fish were trawled in the Ekofisk area in May  1977, after the  Ekofisk
    Bravo well was capped and again in July.  Cages  containing mussels were
    suspended in the water column near the bottom  and recovered  a few days
            Although two samples of haddock caught initially showed  signs  of
                     no taint was detected two months later.  On  both occa-
                     concentrations in muscle and  liver remained  similar
later.
slight  tainting,
sions the alkane
    to those
    Sea.
         found some years earlier during a  baseline  survey  of  the  North
                                Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills.
                                American Institute of Biological
                                                              Keystone,
                                                             Sciences,
79B-0526
DOES A PROBLEM EXIST RELATIVE TO SMALL SEA TURTLES AND OIL SPILLS?
Witham, R.  1978.
Conference on Assessment of
Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.
1978.  p. 629-633.
Animals, Contamination, Oil spills, Dispersion,  Movement, *Sea turtles

Evidence indicates that young green turtles are dispersed by ocean cur-
rents.  These currents may also disperse oil  spills,  and some of the
residue may float for as long as a year.  The possibility exists that
green sea turtles may be attracted by visual  or chemical stimuli to
petroleum at sea.  The author identifies a need to study the effects of
petroleum on the young of all species of sea  turtles.

                                75

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    2.  Physical  and Chemical  Aspects


    89B-0527
    EFFECT OF AN  OIL SLICK ON WIND WAVES
    Liu, H.-T.,and J.-T.  Lin.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March  1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 665-674.   (API Publication No.  4308)
    Oil slicks, Sea surface, Physical effects, Models, Dispersion, Environ-
    mental effects, *Wind waves
    An optical sensor-photodiode wave  gauge was developed to investigate
    vertical dispersion of oil in upper water levels.   This instrument,
    used in conjunction with a mechanical  wave maker and No.  2 diesel  oil
    fed at a rate of 0.35 L/sec, indicated damping of windwaves to the
    point at which waves  are  sufficiently steep to break,  after which
    the oil has no appreciable effect.


    79B-0528
    FLAVORS IN FISH FROM  PETROLEUM PICKUP
    Stansby, M.E.  1978,
    Marine Fisheries Review 40(1):13-17.
    Petroleum products, Fish,  Food web, Absorption, Biological effects,
    Chemical effects, *Tainting
    Petroleum flavors in  fish are not all  derived from oil  in water.   In-
    gestion of other-than-normal diet food, contact with petroleum products
    in water, and decomposition of the fish are 3 processes which can  lead
    to flavor alteration.   Taint flavors can  develop in fish by mere  contact
    of the surface of the fish when large amounts of petroleum are involved;
    this can be simply washed off. Other absorption processes are discussed.
    Generally, large discrepancies exist between reports by different  in-
    vestigators regarding levels of hydrocarbons and resulting flavor  in-
    tensities.
                                    76

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    3.  Social and Economic Aspects


    79B-0529
    THE ASSESSMENT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF OIL SPILLS - TOWARDS A
    METHODOLOGY
    Fricke, P.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 27-36.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Socioeconomic effects, Oil spills, Cost analysis, Models, Predictions,
    Baseline studies

    This paper examines the state-of-the-art of socio-economic damage
    assessment following oil spills.  Conclusions are that baseline studies
    should be developed for high-risk area and that post-spill data must
    be handled in uniform modes.  Development of predictive models is con-
    sidered and assessed.


    79B-0530
    PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES IN MEASURING THE SOCIAL COSTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    Meade, N.F., and R.C. Anderson.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 59-62.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Oil spills, Economic effects, Social  effects, Cost analysis,  Environ-
    mental effects

    Recognizing the difficulty of applying quantitative values to natural
    resource damage, this paper analyzes  the pressing need to develop
    economic measures for damages caused  by oil pollution from three per-
    spectives:  accuracy, cost, and acceptability of findings in  policy-
    making and judicial arenas.  Such measures should be based on amount
    and types of oil spilled, the receiving environment and the existing
    uses made of the environment.


    79B-0531
    NORTH SEA OIL—A POSSIBLE COROLLARY FOR ALASKA OCS
    Morris, R.J.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova, Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 193-195.  (NTIS Report #PB-277-060)

    Offshore development, Oil fields,  Fisheries, Socioeconomic effects,
    OCS, North Sea, Gulf of Alaska
                                    77

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    The author briefly reviews those aspects of the North Sea oil  field
    development which are pertinent to the NE Gulf of Alaska, since the
    two areas are geographically similar.   Littering and lost fishing
    grounds (ranging from 15-85% of the Norwegian continental shelf) cause
    a greater concern for the commercial  fisherman than does oil  pollution.
    79B-0532
    ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE NEPCO 140 OIL SPILL
    Palm, D.J.   1978.
    Conference  on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.   American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 268-278.

    Economic effects,  Compensation, Spill  cleanup, Ships,  Environmental
    effects, EPA, St.  Lawrence  River,  *Nepco 140 spill

    The US EPA  funded  efforts to determine  the economic and environmental
    impacts of  the Nepco 140 oil spill.  This paper describes the methodol-
    ogy used, problems encountered and findings from the impact analysis.
    Over $8.7 million  was expended in  the cleanup effort,  including com-
    pensation for the  loss to the recreation and tourism sector due to
    the spill.
    79B-0533
    ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF POLLUTION ON FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE
    IN JAPAN
    Tokyo University of Fisheries.   1976.
    Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,  1976.
    ix + 105 p.  (FAO Fisheries Technical  Paper No.  163)
    Fisheries, Environmental  effects,  Economic effects, Pollution control
    Legislation, Regulations, Japan
    A quantitative assessment of the impact of pollution on fisheries in
    Tokyo Bay and Seto Inland Sea is presented.  Oil  was found to be the
    major cause of damage to  fisheries,  followed by red tide.   Although
    the total catch has not declined,  changes in the species composition
    of the catch has been observed.  Pollution control  activities are
    outlined.
                                    78

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    4.  Environmental Response and Recovery
    79B-0534
    APPLICATIONS OF ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS TO OIL SPILL IMPACT
    Cowell, E.B., G.J. Cox, and G.M. Dunnett.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 517-519.  (API Publication No.  4308)
    Oil  spills, Spill cleanup, Ecosystems, Recovery,  Environmental  effects,
    Contingency planning

    "Ecologists need to be more involved in selection of oil  spill  clean-
    up devices, setting clean-up priorities,  and evaluation of clean-up
    techniques.  This paper outlines some basic ecological  principles  and
    stresses their proper application to minimize ecological  damage and
    to properly evaluate that damage."
    79B-0535
    PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THE OIL SPILL FROM THE SUPERTANKER 'METULA1
    Hann, R.W.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 354-363.
    Recovery, Spill cleanup, Physical effects, Behavior, Fate,  Movement,
    Oil spills, Metula spill, Strait of Magellan

    The magnitude of the Metula spill of 9 September 1974  in the  Strait
    of Magellan, coupled with the absence of any cleanup activity,  has
    made the spill serve a valuable role as a test system  for observing
    the recovery from a major spill.  Studies of the persistence  of the
    oil in and under beach sands, on cobbled beach surfaces, in the inter-
    tidal zone, and in estuaries and marshes have aided in formulating
    recommendations for control of future spills.
    79B-0536
    VULNERABILITY OF SHORELINE ENVIRONMENTS TO OIL SPILL IMPACTS
    Hayes, M.O.  1977-
    Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B.  Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p.  121-131.   (NTIS Report PB-277 060)
    Coastal waters, Oil  spills, Fate, Metula spill
    vironmental effects, Vulnerability index
Urquiola spill,  En-
                                    79

-------
C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    Two case studies of oil  spills,  the Metula spill  and the Urquiola spill,
    are briefly described.   Based on these studies and a literature survey,
    a classification of coastal  environments with respect to vulnerability
    to oil  spill  impacts is  discussed.   The derived scale relates primarily
    to the  longevity of oil  in each  environment.
    79B-0537
    SURVEY OF THE EFFECTS OF THE SETO INLAND SEA OIL SPILL IN 1974
    Hiyama, Y.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington,  DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 699-707.   (API Publication No. 4308)

    Leakage, Oil  spills, Recovery,  Restoration,  Water quality, Fuel  oil,
    Fisheries, Japan
    "Quick and energetic recovery"  of 50,000 bbl  of fuel  oil  from a  ruptured
    refinery tank in 1974 resulted  in only  temporary negative effects on  the
    adjacent rich fishery and fish  culture  operations.  The survey outlines
    amounts and paths  of spilled oil  and specific damages to  particular
    areas of the inland sea between the Okayama  prefecture of Honshu and
    the Nagawa prefecture of Shikoku.  Conclusions  were based on analysis
    of hexane extract  content (ppm),  transparency,  dominant phyto- and
    zooplankton species counts, and  average  water quality values.
    79B-0538
    IMPACT OF THE ARGO MERCHANT OIL SPILL ON MACROBENTHIC AND PELAGIC
    ORGANISMS
    Kuhnhold, W.W.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado 14-17 June 1978.   American  Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 152-179.

    Benthos, Marine organisms,  Fish,  Zooplankton, Environmental  effects,
    Tankers, Argo Merchant spill,  Massachusetts

    Studies on abundance of benthic and  pelagic organisms, including com-
    mercial fish species,  were  conducted after the title spill and  did not
    reveal  a major adverse impact.   At some stations zooplankton was fouled
    by oil.  A summary of the  findings is presented, and shortcomings in
    sampling and methodology are discussed.
                                    80

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-0539
    ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF PETROLEUM SPILLAGE IN PUERTO RICO
    Lopez, J.M.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological Sciences,
    1978.  p. 894-908.

    Ecosystems, Environmental effects, Coastal waters, Coral  reefs, Vege-
    tation, Puerto Rico, *Rhizophora mangle. Vulnerability

    The relative vulnerabilities of coral reefs, seagrass  beds, and man-
    grove forests, typical coastal environments in Puerto  Rico, are re-
    ported.  Coral reefs are least impacted due to their sub-tidal  nature
    and high energy situation.  Beds of the seagrass Thalassia testudinum
    exhibit relatively minor, short-term effects.  Oil coating of fringing
    stands of the red mangrove Rhizophora mangle and the associated inter-
    tidal communities of their prop roots, however, impairs productivity
    and destroys the attached organisms.


    79B-0540
    HYDROCARBON DISTRIBUTION AND WEATHERING CHARACTERISTICS AT A TROPICAL
    OIL SPILL SITE
    Page, D.S., D.W. Mayo, J.F. Cooley, E. Sorensen,et al.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 709-712.  (API Publication No. 4308)
    Monitoring, Chromatography, Onshore impacts, Biodegradation, Environ-
    mental effects, Sediments, Intertidal zone, Biological  effects, Restora-
    tion, Tropical regions, Recovery, Puerto Rico
    Investigations conducted 4 years after the tanker Zoe  Colocotroni  spilled
    37,000 bbl of medium crude  off the south shore of Puerto Rico used
    high resolution gas Chromatography of sediment hydrocarbons to assess
    recovery potential of tropical areas.  Findings indicate a more rapid
    recovery than found in temperate climates, with rapid  biodegradation
    processes present in mangrove ecosystems, a naturally  hydrocarbon-
    rich environment.


    79B-0541
    MARINE LIFE AND THE AMOCO CADIZ
    Southward, A.J.  1978.
    New Scientist 79(1112):174-176.
    Oil spills, Dispersants, Recovery, Environmental effects, Biological
    effects, Marine organisms, Spill cleanup, Amoco Cadiz spill
                                     81

-------
C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    Further studies by French biologists on the impacted area from the Amoco
    Cadiz spill  indicate a faster recovery by marine organisms than noted in
    Cornwall  following the Torrey Canyon disaster.   The near exclusion of
    dispersants  during cleanup operations may be a  factor.
    5.  Baseline and Environmental  Impact Studies
    79B-0542
    ASSESSMENT OF THE ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AN OIL SPILL IN AN OFFSHORE
    SUBARCTIC ENVIRONMENT
    Birchard, E.C., S.A.M.  Conover, G.  Greene, and
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts
                                     A.S.  Telford.
                                     of Oil  Spills,
                                         1978.
                                         Keystone,
    Colorado,
    1978.  p.
14-17 June
835-855.
1978.   American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    Baseline studies, EIS, Drilling,  Exploration,  Environmental  effects,
    Oil fields, Arctic,  Subarctic regions,  Canada
    The waters of the eastern Canadian arctic and  subarctic areas,  including
    Baffin Bay, Davis Strait, and Labrador  Sea,  are potential  sites of
    large oil  and gas formations.  A  field  study in the Davis  Strait region
    since 1976 was established to assist in designing the technology of a
    drilling system and  to assess the ecological  implications  of drilling
    in the area.  Data collected in this study were used in the  environ-
    mental impact statement.
    79B-0543
    CONTENT OF THE NOAA/BLM ALASKAN OCS RESEARCH EFFORT
    Engelmann, R.J.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute held in Cordova, Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977-   B. Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 7-32.  (NTIS Report PB-277 060)

    OCS, Environmental management, NOAA, BLM, Government agencies, Models,
    Baseline studies, Alaska

    The progress and status of the OCS environmental assessment program
    in Alaska is reviewed in this paper.  A multidisciplinary approach to
    the analysis was attempted and numerous models are included.
                                    82

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-0544
    MARINE RESEARCH BY ADF&G IN KACHEMAK BAY
    Flagg, L.B.  1977.
    Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute held in Cordova, Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff (ed.).  University of Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 53-76.  (NTIS Report PB-277 060)

    Baseline studies, Environmental effects, Oil-gas leasing, Marine environ-
    ment, Development, Alaska

    In 1973, oil and gas tracts were leased in outer Kachemak Bay,  a highly
    productive marine environment.  In response to concern for the  commer-
    cially harvested species in the area, the Alaska Legislature funded a
    comprehensive baseline study of the marine environment.   The ten separate
    studies undertaken between 1975-1976  by the Department of Fish and
    Game are reviewed, and a summary of salient findings as they relate
    to potential impacts of oil and gas development  is  included.


    79B-0545
    A COMPREHENSIVE PLAN FOR THE GLOBAL INVESTIGATION OF POLLUTION  IN THE
    MARINE ENVIRONMENT AND BASELINE STUDY GUIDELINES
    Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission.  1976.
    UNESCO, 1976.  42 p.  (Technical Series No. 14)

    Guidelines, Baseline studies, Marine environment, Pollution control,
    Sampling, Analytical techniques, Marine organisms
    "The GIPME Comprehensive Plan provides an international  framework within
    which national and regional programmes on various aspects of marine
    pollution may be  coordinated to contribute to an understanding of
    global pollution problems."  Elements of the plan include devising
    and executing baseline studies, formulating mass balances by deter-
    mining pollutant sources, inputs, and outflows, and establishing
    acceptable levels of pollutant exposure.  Steps for implementation
    of the plan are outlined and baseline study guidelines are provided.
    The plan may be adapted to the study of many types of pollutants,
    including petroleum.


    79B-0546
    MISSISSIPPI OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF IMPACT STUDY
    Keyes, S.W., Jr., and S. Hill.  1976.
    Gulfport, Mississippi, Gulf Regional Planning Commission, 1976.  136 p.

    Onshore impacts, Socioeconomic effects, Environmental effects,  OCS,
    Development, EIS, Mississippi, Gulf of Mexico
                                    83

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    This report evaluates the carrying capacity of the various social,
    economic, and environmental  resources of Hancock, Harrison and Jackson
    Counties in light of potential  onshore development of petroleum re-
    sources.  The report is available from the Mississippi Marine Resources
    Council,  PO  Drawer 959, Long Beach, MS 39560.  [possibly oil pollution
    related]

    [from US Geological Survey Circular, No. 761:#D019.  1977]


    79B-0547
    THE PROTECTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT AND COASTAL
    AREAS OF THE KUWAIT CONFERENCE REGION:  THE PROGRAM OF THE UNITED
    NATIONS SYSTEM
    Neuman, L.D.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 287-291.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Environmental protection, Environmental management, Baseline studies,
    *UNEP, Development, Oil  industry,  Risk analysis, Persian Gulf, Kuwait

    The Kuwait Action Plan, developed under UNEP coordination, is described.
    The objectives of the two-year plan include environmental assessment
    and management programs for the  Kuwait  Region. Also discussed are the
    physical setting of the Region, industrial development, including oil
    and gas activities, in the Region, and an oil  spill risk analysis for
    the area.
    79B-0548
    NORTH CAROLINA PETROCOMPLEX STUDY:   IMPACTS OF A PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
    DEVELOPMENT IN EASTERN NORTH CAROLINA
    North Carolina Department of Administration.  1976.
    Raleigh, North Carolina Department  of Administration, Office of Marine
    Affairs, 1976.  239 p.

    Socioeconomic effects, Environmental  effects, Cost analysis, Refineries,
    Petrochemicals, Oil transport, Storage,  Deepwater ports, North Carolina

    "Includes a discussion of the environmental, social and economic costs
    and benefits of a complex including refineries, petrochemical plants,
    storage and transportation facilities, and an offshore deepwater ter-
    minal for the coastal  plains of North Carolina."

    [from US Geological Survey Circular,  No.  761:#C013.  1977]
                                    84

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-0549
    IMPACT OF OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT:   A SELECTED
    BIBLIOGRAPHY
    Research and Planning Consultants.  1976.
    Austin, Texas, Research and Planning Consultants, 1976.   30 p.

    OCS, Offshore development, Environmental  effects, Socioeconomic effects,
    Onshore impacts, Oil-gas leasing, Bibliographies, Texas

    This annotated bibliography focuses on the OCS development  of Texas.
    Included are studies on oil-gas development and its environmental,
    economic, demographic, social, and infrastructural  impacts.   Baseline
    studies related to the Texas Gulf coast are given.   The  report is  avail-
    able from Research and Planning Consultants, P.O. Box 13517,  Austin,
    TX 78711.

    [from US Geological  Survey Circular, No.  761:#A013.  1977]


    79B-0550
    ECOLOGICAL STUDIES ON BENTHIC AND PLANKTONIC ASSEMBLAGES IN  LOWER
    DELAWARE BAY
    Watling, L., and D.  Maurer (eds.).  1976.
    Report NSF/RA-760335, NTIS Report PB 262  723.   xviii  + 633  p.
    Baseline studies, Phytoplankton, Zooplankton,  Benthos, Oil  transfer,
    Ships, Delaware Bay
    An extensive study was undertaken during  the summers  of  1972  and 1973
    to obtain ecological  baseline data on Delaware Bay.  The survey results
    prompted a further investigation of the oil  lightering areas  in lower
    Delaware Bay during 1974-75.  The results are  documented in  this report.
    6.  Legal  and Regulatory Aspects


    79B-0551
    OIL SPILL LIABILITY AND COMPENSATION IN THE UNITED STATES
    Cornett,  D.E.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety,  and Oil  Pollution  Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April  1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska  and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p.  203-206.   (NTIS Report PB-277-060)

    Liability, Legislation, Compensation,  Oil  spills,  US government,  Spill
    cleanup
                                    85

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    The author,  presenting an industry viewpoint,  supports the US proposed
    National  Oil  Spill  Liability and Compensation  Act, H.R. 3711.  The
    proposed legislation provides a $200 million fund for compensation of
    costs of cleanup, third party damages,  and resources injuries from oil
    spills not compensated by the spiller.   Other  provisions of the bill
    are briefly outlined.
    79B-0552
    THE COMPREHENSIVE OIL POLLUTION LIABILITY AND COMPENSATION ACT:   AN UPDATE
    Couper, F.E.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.   American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 37-57.

    Legislation,  Liability,  Compensation,  Oil spills, *Superfund

    The various superfund bills awaiting Congressional  decision reflect an
    executive and legislative effort to provide a legal  framework  which
    balances the  interests of parties that transport and use oil   with those
    whose property, livelihood, and natural  resources are  damaged  by oil.
    A broad outline of the proposed bills' provisions for oil pollution
    liability and compensation   is  presented.
    79B-0553
    ADJUSTING AND HANDLING OIL SPILL POLLUTION CATASTROPHE CLAIMS
    DeNoville, R.C.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 105-107.   (API  Publication No.  4308)

    Oil spills, Compensation, Liability, Cost analysis,  Economic effects
    The differences  between oil  spill  claims  and regular claims are made
    clear in the title  paper.  In it are discussed  types and approaches  to
    claims, damage assessment, and the future of oil  spill adjusting.
    Acceptable resolution to  such claims rests on the adjuster's complete
    fairness and thorough consideration of  all claims.
                                    86

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-0554
    ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR OIL SPILL LIABILITY PROGRAMS
    Dooley, D.  1977.
    Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff (ed.).  University of Alaska and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 229-234.   (NTIS Report PB-277-060)

    Economic effects, Oil spills, Liability, Compensation, Pollution  control,
    Industries

    For many reasons, compensation through civil  litigation for vessel-source
    oil  pollution is inadequate or non-existent.   Economic considerations
    and the underlying theory  for oil spill liability are described, includ-
    ing externalities, negative economic side effects of pollution  control,
    and various incentives for adoption of pollution control  standards  which
    may provide either a positive or negative impetus for the development  of
    more effective waste-treatment technology.


    79B-Q555
    PROPOSALS FOR REFORM IN THE ASSESSMENT OF OIL SPILL DAMAGE
    Fidell, E.R. and R.A. DuBey.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 83-118.
    Oil  spills, Compensation, Legislation, Environmental management,
    *Damage assessment
    The authors discuss in a legal framework the  scope of oil  spill damage
    compensation with an emphasis on damage which could occur in the  marine
    environment.  Alternative legal mechanisms,  including the proposed
    superfund legislation, are examined for their provisions to assess
    the extent and monetary value of the injury.


    79B-0556
    COLLECTING COMPENSATION FOR OIL POLLUTION DAMAGE TO FISHERIES  RESOURCES
    IN ALASKA
    Gissburg, J.G.  1977.
    Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff (ed.).  University of Alaska and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 217-227.   (NTIS Report PB-277-060)
    Liability, Legislation, Compensation, Fisheries, US government, Alaska
                                    87

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    The author uses a hypothetical  example of a claim for compensating fishermen
    from oil  pollution damage to illustrate the necessity of thorough docu-
    mentation.  Fishermen on Prince William Sound must prepare a systematic
    summary of fishing records,  including accurate log books and photographic
    records,  to be able to have  the complete documentation that is necessary
    for a formal  claim.
    79B-0557
    THE OIL SPILL FROM THE SUPERTANKER METULA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE ON LEGIS-
    LATION, TRAINING,  AND RESEARCH IN TEXAS
    Hann, R.W.   1976.
    Preservacion del  Medio Ambiente Marino.  Estudios Presentados al
    Seminario Internacional,  Santiago, Chile, 25-27 September 1975.  F.O.
    Vicuna (ed.).  Santiago,  Universidad de Chile,  1976.   p.  200-210.

    Metula spill, Legislation,  Personnel training,  Contingency planning,
    Texas

    Summary not available.

    [from Marine Pollution Research Titles 4(1):#71.   1977]
    79B-0558
    REVIEW OF FEDERAL LEGISLATION
    Heller, B.   1977.
    Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems,  Tanker Safety,  and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova, Alaska
    on April 1-3,  1977.   B.  Melteff (ed.).   University  of Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p.  235-239.   (NTIS Report PB-277-060)

    Legislation, Liability,  US government,  International agreements, In-
    surance, Regulations

    The history of federal  oil pollution liability legislation is reviewed,
    including the  1851 Limitation of Liability  Act, the Water Quality Im-
    provement Act, the OCS  Act,  the TAPS Act, and the Deepwater Ports Act.
    International  agreements are the Tanker Owners Voluntary Agreement con-
    cerning Liability for Oil  Pollution  (TOVALOP), the  Civil  Liabilities
    Convention, CRISTAL, and the International  Fund Convention.  Insurance
    schemes are mentioned and reasons for comprehensive oil spill liability
    legislation are discussed.
                                    88

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-Q559
    LIABILITY AS IT RELATES TO MARINE POLLUTION
    Mueller, E.W.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff (ed.).  University of Alaska and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 207-216.  (NTIS Report PB-277-060)

    Liability, Legislation, US government, State governments, Marine  environ-
    ment, Alaska
    Various state and federal legislative measures on marine pollution,
    both existing and proposed, are reviewed.  Liability for potential  oil
    pollution damage in Alaska is specifically addressed.  The  author out-
    lines several changes in liability limitations and legislation that
    were made by the Alaska legislature.
    7.  General Aspects


    79B-0560
    THE ECOLOGICAL IMPACT OF BUNKER C OIL ON FISH AND WILDLIFE IN ST.
    LAWRENCE RIVER MARSHES:  A PRELIMINARY REPORT
    Alexander, M.M., P. Longabucco, and D. Phillips.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 251-267.

    Environmental effects, Fish, Wildlife, Marshes, Bays,  Spill  cleanup,
    Ships, St. Lawrence River, *Nepco 140 spill

    In spite of an effective cleanup, losses of fish and wildlife were great
    in marshes and bays of the St. Lawrence River as a result of the Bunker
    C oil spill from the Nepco-140 barge.  A two-year study was  established
    for the 1977 and 1978 seasons to investigate fish and wildlife changes
    and the presence, movement, or accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbons.
    This report reviews the basic characteristics of the spill,  the environ-
    ment, the initial impact on fish and wildlife, and the cleanup.
                                     89

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL  POLLUTION


    79B-0561
    CONFERENCE ON ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF OIL SPILLS
    American  Institute of Biological  Sciences.   1978.
    Proceedings of the Conference held in Keystone, Colorado,  14-17 June
    1978.  Washington, DC, AIBS,  1978.  936 p.

    Oil  spills, Biological effects,  Ecosystems,  Tankers,  Marine organisms,
    Wildlife, Argo Merchant spill,  Ekofisk blowout, Ships,  Socioeconomic
    effects,  Microorganisms, Toxicity, Legislation, *Proceedings

    Forty-two papers were presented  at the title conference under the fol-
    lowing headings:  The Socio-Economic-Legal Aspects of Oil  Spills; The
    Impact of the Argo Merchant Spill  (12/15/76);  The Impact of the Nepco
    £140 Barge Spill in the St. Lawrence River  (6/23/76); Highlights Regard-
    ing the Impacts of other Pertinent Oil  Spills  (Session  I and Session II);
    Impact of the Ekofisk Bravo Blowout (4/22/77)  in the  North Sea; Effects
    of Spills on Wildlife; Effects  of Spills on  Water Column Organisms;
    Effects of Spills on Benthic  Organisms; and  Effects of  Spills in Ex-
    treme Climatic Zones.  Individual  papers are abstracted separately in
    this issue of OPA.


    79B-0562
    CONSEQUENCES OF OIL POLLUTION IN  THE ESTUARINE ENVIRONMENT OF THE GULF
    OF MEXICO
    Brown, L.R.  1977.
    Estuarine Pollution Control and  Assessment:   Proceedings of a Conference
    [Pensacola, Florida, 11-13 February 1975].   US Environmental  Protection
    Agency, Office of Water Planning  and Standards, 1977.  Vol. 2:401-414.
    (Report EPA-440-1-77-007)

    Environmental effects, Estuaries,  Chronic effects, Ecosystems, Health
    hazards,  Gulf of Mexico

    In the last decade there has  been a significant shift in the concern
    about effects of oil pollution,  and "attention has now  been largely re-
    directed  toward low-level chronic effects, especially those posing a
    human health hazard.  Other areas of increasing concern are the potential
    synergistic action of oil in  conjunction with other pollutants and the
    long-term chronic effects of  oil  on the ecosystem. Data available in
    the literature have served to identify the potential  problems, but
    definition and resolution must  await additional data.  More emphasis
    must be placed on translating scientific data into information utiliz-
    able for  making estuarine management decisions."
                                    90

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    79B-0563
    ON THE OIL POLLUTION PROBLEM IN THE BALTIC
    Carlberg, S.R.  1976.
    Second Soviet-Swedish Symposium on the Pollution of Baltic.  A. Akerblom
    (ed.).  Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences/Universitetsforlaget, 1976.
    p. 27-36.  (Ambio Special Report No. 4)

    Source identification, Biological effects, Phytoplankton, Fish, Analytical
    techniques, Concentrations, Baltic Sea, Sweden, Finland, USSR, *Tagging
    The first half of this paper summarizes several studies on marine pollu-
    tion including a Swedish method of spill  tagging based on addition of
    microparticles of several alloys, Finnish studies on oil spills in the
    Baltic, and biological investigations on the effect of oil on phytoplank-
    ton, seaweed, fry fish, eggs and adult fishes.  The second half of the
    paper describes a current study of the content of mineral oil in the
    Baltic.  Results are compared with findings of recent Soviet studies.
    79B-0564
    INTERACTIONS OF POLLUTANTS WITH THE USES OF ESTUARIES
    Cronin, L.E.  1977.
    Estuarine Pollution Control and Assessment:  Proceedings of a Conference
    [Pensacola, Florida, 11-13 February 1975].  US Environmental  Protection
    Agency, Office of Water Planning and Standards, 1977.  Vol. 2:739-756.
    (Report EPA-440-1-77-007)
    Petroleum products, Estuaries, Coastal  waters, Environmental  effects

    "In this overview, the uses and pollutants are identified, the trend for
    each is noted, the principal deleterious effects of pollutants in coastal
    waters are summarized, and visual summaries are presented to suggest
    which of the uses may be affected by each class of pollutant."  Pollution
    by oil and petroleum products is included.
    79B-0565
    REVIEW ON THE STATE OF MARINE POLLUTION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA
    General Fisheries Council for the Mediterranean.  1976.
    Rome, FAO, 1976.  56 p.  (Appendix to GFCM/XI/72/12)
    Sources, Environmental  effects, Marine environment, Mediterranean Sea
    Summary not available,   [possibly oil pollution related]

    [from Marine Pollution Research Titles 4(3):#417. 1977]
                                     91

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-0566
    THE DRUPA OIL SPILL INVESTIGATION CONCERNING OIL, WATER AND FISH
    Grahl-Nielsen, 0., T. Neppelberg, K.H. Palmork, K. Westrheim, and
    S. Wilhelmsen.  1976.
    ICES C. M. Pap. Rep., No. E:32.   18 p.
    Tankers, Environmental  effects,  Fish, Biological  effects, Fate, *Drupa
    spill

    Summary not available.
    [from Marine Pollution Research  Titles 4(6):#1047.  1977]


    79B-Q567
    THE METULA OIL SPILL
    Gunnerson, C.G.  1976.
    Preservacion del  Medio Ambiente  Marino.   Estudios Presentados al
    Seminario Internacional, Santiago, Chile, 25-27 September 1975.  F.O.
    Vicuna (ed.).  Santiago, Universidad de  Chile,  1976.   p.  212-221.

    Oil spills, Environmental effects, Metula spill,  Tankers, Beaches,
    Marshes, Strait of Magellan, Chile

    Short-term and long-range environmental  damage  caused by the 1974 Metula
    supertanker grounding in the Strait of Magellan is described.  Over
    50,000 tons of crude oil were spilled into the  Strait and onto beaches
    and tidal marshes of Tierra del  Fuego.   The background of the accident,
    a description of the environment, reasons why cleanup was not attempted,
    and a discussion of research needs are presented.


    79B-0568
    FOLLOW-UP FIELD SURVEY OF THE OIL POLLUTION FROM THE TANKER METULA
    Hann, R.W.  1976.
    The Metula Oil Spill.  C.G. Gunnerson, and G. Peter.   1976.  Boulder,
    Colorado, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental
    Research Laboratories,  1976.  60 p. NOAA Special  Report.   (Appendix B,
    attached microfiche)

    Oil spills, Environmental effects, Recovery, Onshore impacts, Biological
    effects, Intertidal zone, Spill  cleanup, Metula spill, Strait of Magellan,
    Chile

    The title report provides a history of the spill, the extent of oil de-
    position on the shore,  the environmental impact,  and comments relative
    to containment feasibility, cleanup, and environmental stabilization.
    Nearly all of the 20,000 tons are still  continuing to have "substantial
    biological impacts on intertidal marine  life."   Evidence was abundant
    of previous major sources of oil pollution in the Strait.
                                    92

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION
    79B-0569
    SEVEN WAYS TO OBLITERATION:   FACTORS OF ESTUARINE DEGRADATION
    Hedgpeth, J.W.  1977.
    Estuarine Pollution Control  and Assessment:   Proceedings  of a Conference
    [Pensacola, Florida, 11-13 February 1975].   US Environmental  Protection
    Agency, Office of Water Planning and Standards, 1977.   Vol.  2:723-738.
    (Report EPA-440-1-77-007)

    Estuaries, Environmental  deterioration, Cost analysis,  Oil  spills,
    Contaminants, Coastal  zone management,  Economic effects

    "The most significant factor contributing to the degradation of our
    estuaries is our failure to treat an estuary as a natural  system,  rather
    than as a convenience serving man's many and conflicting  purposes.   This
    attitude is exacerbated by lack of competence on the part of consultants
    called upon to predict the results of interfering with  natural  processes
    they do not understand in the first place.   When this  is  combined  with
    notions of cost-benefit analysis and trade-offs that justify to our-
    selves the addition of deleterious substances and chemicals,  alteration
    of temperature and sediment regimes, and spillage of oil,  the synergistic
    action may accelerate the demise of an  estuary."
    79B-0570
    EFFECTS OF AN OIL SPILL ON SALT MARSHES AT HARBOR ISLAND,  TEXAS.   I
    BIOLOGY
    Holt, S., S. Rabalais, N. Rabalais, S.  Cornelius, and
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil
                                                      J.S.  Holland.   1978
                                                      Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado,
    1978.  p.
          14-17 June
          344-352.
1978.   American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
                                               effects,  Benthos,  Plants,
Pipelines, Oil  spills,  Marshes,  Biological
Monitoring, Spill  cleanup, Texas
On 13 October 1976, an  American  Petrofina  Company pipeline  ruptured
and spilled about  377 bbls of crude oil  into the cordgrass  (Spartina
alterm'flora) and  black mangrove (Avicennia  germinans)   marshes  in the
title area.  A biological  and chemical  survey began  the  day after the
spill.  A single study  site,  with 4 stations,was selected to monitor
the benthos.  Various types of cleanup  approaches were used, including
no cleanup of some areas,  and different  concentrations of oil  coverage
the study area were monitored.
                                    93

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL  POLLUTION
    796-0571
    ASSEMBLING OIL IMPACTS  WITH  LABORATORY  DATA -  APPLICATIONS,  LIMITATIONS,
    AND NEEDS
    Karinen,  J.F.   1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems,  Tanker Safety,  and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the  Cordova Fisheries  Institute,  held in  Cordova,  Alaska
    on April  1-3,  1977.   B.  Melteff (ed.).   University  of Alaska and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program,  Report 77-8.   p. 99-110.   (NTIS  Report PB-277-060)

    Toxicity, Sublethal  effects,  Analytical  techniques,  Sampling,  laboratory
    data analysis, *Field applications

    Problems  associated  with using  laboratory data to assess the impact of
    oil are outlined.   Considerations when  trying  to apply toxicity and sub-
    letal  effects  data  are  also  presented.   Recommendations  for  applying
    laboratory data to  the  field are given.
    79B-0572
    POLLUTION OF THE BALTIC  BY  CRUDE  OIL  PRODUCTS  [in  Polish]
    Rakowska, E., and E.  Lysiak.   1976.
    Prace Morskiego Instytutu Rybackiego  Gdiny 18(A):49-62.

    Crude oil,  Petroleum  products,  Contamination,  Baltic  Sea

    Summary not available.

    [from Marine Pollution  Research Titles  5(1):#60.   1978]


    79B-0573
    A SUMMARY OF OIL SPILL  STUDIES  DONE AT  WOODS HOLE  OCEANOGRAPHIC  INSTITUTION
    Teal, J.M.   1977.
    Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution  Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova  Fisheries  Institute,  held  in Cordova,  Alaska  on
    April 1-3,1977. B.Melteff (ed.).  University of Alaska and Alaska Sea  Grant
    Program, Report 77-8.   p. 115-120.   (NTIS Report PB-277-060)

    Fuel  oil, Fate, Sediments,  Ice, Florida spill, Buzzards Bay

    After the barge Florida  ran aground  in  1969 in Buzzards Bay,  Massachusetts,
    spilling No. 2 fuel oil, the  author and several  colleagues  extensively
    studied the effects.  The oil  mixed  into the sediments and  had a  long-
    lasting effect, with  high concentrations still remaining.
                                    94

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C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION


    79B-0574
    ESTUARINE POLLUTION CONTROL AND ASSESSMENT:  PROCEEDINGS OF A CONFERENCE
    US Environmental Protection Agency.  1977.
    US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Planning and Standards,
    1977.  Volume l:xxxvii + p. 1-381; Volume 2:iv + p. 385-756. (Report
    EPA-440-1-77-007)

    Estuaries, Coastal  waters, Pollution control, Environmental  effects,
    Costal  zone management, US, *Proceedings

    Contained in these two volumes are 57 papers presented at the title
    conference in Pensacola, Florida, 11-13 February 1975.  In Volume 1,
    papers by F.J. Vernberg, L.J. Blus et al., D.W. Hood et al., and R.B.
    Biggs consider environmental aspects of oil.  In Volume 2, papers by
    J.W. Farrington, L.R. Brown, K.G. Hay, E. Langlois, J.W. Hedgpeth,  and
    L.E. Cronin deal partly or entirely with oil pollution problems.  These
    papers are summarized separately in this issue of OPA.


    79B-0575
    CHARACTERIZATION OF THE NATURAL ESTUARY IN TERMS OF ENERGY FLOW AND
    POLLUTION IMPACT
    Vernberg, F.J.  1977.
    Estuarine Pollution Control and Assessment:  Proceedings of  a Conference
    [Pensacola, Florida, 11-13 February 1975].  US Environmental  Protection
    Agency, Office of Water Planning and Standards, 1977.   Vol.  1:29-39.
    (Report EPA-440-1-77-007)

    Environmental effects, Sublethal effects, Chronic effects, Estuaries,
    Marshes, Ecosystems, Petroleum products, Physical effects

    A brief description of oil pollution is included in this study of the
    estuarine-marshland ecosystem and its energy flow and  pollution impact.
    The physiological effects of sublethal concentrations  of oil  derivatives
    are poorly known, but recent studies suggest that energy flow patterns
    of estuarine communities are differentially disturbed  by oil  spills as
    contrasted to chronic low-level leaks.


    79B-0576
    A PLAN FOR SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE TO AN OIL SPILL IN THE  BEAUFORT SEA
    Wright, D.G.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 525-532.   (API Publication No. 4308)

    Oil spills, Spill response, Contingency planning, Environmental effects,
    Fate, Movement, Biological effects, Toxicity, Plankton, Marine mammals,
    Fish, Birds, Beaufort Sea, *Scientific response
                                    95

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C.   ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS  OF OIL  POLLUTION
    A Scientific Response Plan  has  been  devised  by the  Canadian  Department
    of Fisheries and Environment.   The  plan  consists  of 28  studies  on  the
    fate and effects of spilled oil  that could be  conducted in the  event
    of a major spill in the Beaufort Sea.  The types  of studies  specified
    by the plan include   monitoring the movement  of  oil, factors affecting
    oil  movement,  deposition and decomposition of  oil,  toxicity  of  spilled
    oil, and effects on various marine  organisms including  plankton, fish,
    birds, seals,  polar bears,  and  whales.
                                    96

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D.   FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT

    1.   Blodegradation


    79B-0577
    MICROBIOLOGY:   DEGRADATION POTENTIAL
    Bhattacharya,  L., and R. Traxler.  1978.
    Assessment of Treated vs. Untreated Spills (Interim Report).   M.P.
    Wilson.  University of Rhode Island Report HCP/W4047-02,  Contract No.  E
    (11-1) 4047.  38 p.

    Biodegradation, Crude oil, Dispersants, Microorganisms,  Hydrocarbons,
    Predictions, Models

    This paper outlines the materials and procedures that are being used in
    a University of Rhode Island project to investigate microbial  degrada-
    tion of oil, oil plus dispersants, and dispersants alone.  Laboratory
    meso-scale, and Tjn_ situ or in vivo experiments are being  conducted  in
    order to generate a mass of data which will  allow the formulation of a
    hydrocarbon degradation potential index which can be used in  predictive
    models.
    79B-0578
    THE MICROBIAL METABOLISM OF CYCLOHEXANE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS
    Donoghue, N.A., M. Griffin, D.B. Norris, and P.M.  Trudgill.   1976.
    Proceedings of the Third International Biodegradation Symposium.   J.M.
    Sharpley and A.M. Kaplan (eds.).  London, Applied  Science Publishers
    Ltd., 1976.  p. 43-56.

    Biodegradation, Bacteria, Microorganisms, Hydrocarbons,  Metabolism,
    Growth, Oxidation, *Cyclohexanol
    Growth of microorganisms with cyclohexane as sole  carbon source has
    not been reliably demonstrated, although cyclohexane utilization  in  co-
    metabolic and commensal  situations has been established, with cyclohexanol
    and cylcohexanone as intermediates.   In this study, strains  of Nocardia
    and Acinetobacter were found capable of growth with cyclohexanol  as
    sole carbon source, but their ability to utilize other alicyclic  com-
    pounds is restricted  to  those closely related to  cyclohexanol.  A
    scheme for the oxidation of cyclohexanol to adipate by these organisms
    is proposed.
                                    97

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D.   FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    79B-0579
    USE OF GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MULTI-PLASMID MICROORGANISMS FOR RAPID
    DEGRADATION OF FUEL HYDROCARBONS
    Friello, D.A., J.R. Mylroie,  and  A.M.  Chakrabarty.   1976.
    Proceedings of the Third International  Biodegradation  Symposium.   J.M.
    Sharpley and A.M.  Kaplan (eds.).   London,  Applied  Science  Publishers
    Ltd.,  1976.  p.  205-214.
    Biodegradation,  Bacteria,  Microorganisms,  Hydrocarbons,  Crude oil,
    Spill  cleanup, *Plasmid  transfer,  *Genetic engineering,  *Pseudomonas
    Transfer of plasmids bearing  genes specifying  the  enzymes  involved  in
    hydrocarbon degradation  from  several  strains of Pseudomonas to a  single
    culture produced a multi-plasmid  strain capable of oxidizing several
    hydrocarbon substrates  simultaneously in the presence  of suitable in-
    ducers.  The multi-plasmid strain  grew faster  in crude oil  than any
    of the parent strains and  may,  therefore,  be useful  in the cleanup  of
    oil spills.
    79B-0580
    DEGRADATION OF N-PARAFFIN  MIXTURE  BY  MARINE  MICROORGANISMS  IN  ENRICHED
    SEAWATER MEDIUM [English summary]
    Murakami, A.,  T.  Matsuda,  N.  Watanabe,  and S.  Nagasawa.   1976.
    Journal  of the Oceanographical  Society  of Japan  32(5):242-248.

    Biodegradation, Bacteria,  Microorganisms, *n-Paraffins

    The ability of two bacterial  strains, Caulobacter  sp. and Flavobacterium
    sp., to  degrade n-paraffin mixtures  in  enriched  seawater medium was
    studied.  Rates of degradation  ranged from 3.3xlO~12  to  3.4xlO~i:L  mg  oil/
    cell/hr  at 20° C.   An equation  describing the  maximum degradation  rate
    is given.
    79B-0581
    MODELLING OF THE BREAKDOWN AND THE MOBILIZATION  OF HYDROCARBONS  IN
    UNSATURATED SOIL LAYERS
    Verstraete, W.,  R.  Vanloocke,  R.  De Borger,  and  A.  Verlinde.   1976.
    Proceedings of the  Third International  Biodegradation  Symposium.  J.M.
    Sharpley and A.M.  Kaplan (eds.).   London,  Applied  Science  Publishers
    Ltd.,  1976.  p.  99-112.

    Biodegradation,  Hydrocarbons,  Soil, Models,  Respiration,  Emulsions,
    Groundwater, Chemical  analysis

    Biodegradation of several  gasoils  in the  surface  soil  layer  was  in-
    vestigated using direct chemical  analyses  and respirometric methods.
    "The results indicate  that in  the acidic podzol  studied,  the  pH  and
                                    98

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    C/N/P ratio are the most prominent factors responsible for the persis-
    tence of gasoil....  The biodegradation phenomena of gasoil  in non-
    adapted soil can be simulated mathematically by asymmetric sigmoidal
    kinetics.  The biodegradation in acclimatized soil can conveniently
    be fit to zero order kinetics."  Experiments on hydrocarbon  breakdown
    in lysimeter columns indicated that biodegradation was enhanced when
    the columns were irrigated with nitrogen- and phosphorus-enriched water,
    and the entrapped hydrocarbons became mobilized and leached  out of the
    soil matrix.
    79B-0582
    THE MICROBIAL UTILIZATION OF BUTADIENE
    Watkinson, R.J., and H.J. Somerville.  1976.
    Proceedings of the Third International Biodegradation Symposium.   J.M.
    Sharpley and A.M. Kaplan (eds.).  London, Applied Science Publishers
    Ltd., 1976.  p. 35-42.

    Biodegradation, Microorganisms, Bacteria, Hydrocarbons, Metabolism,
    Growth, *Butadiene

    A Nocardia sp. was isolated by its ability to utilize butadiene as
    sole carbon and energy source and an attempt was made to identify the
    degradative pathway.  The catabolism of butadiene is believed to  involve
    the monoepoxide, a 3,y-unsaturated a-ketoacid, acrylate, lactate, and
    pyruvate.
    2.  Physical and Chemical Processes


    79B-0583
    THE FATE AND WEATHERING OF SURFACE OIL FROM THE BRAVO BLOWOUT
    Audunson, T.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 446-475.

    Drift, Spreading, Weathering, Statistical analysis, Fate, Sea surface,
    Ekofisk blowout, North Sea
    This paper describes the drift,spreading, dissipation, and weathering
    of oil on the water surface after the Ekofisk Bravo blowout on 22 April
    1977 in the North Sea.  Simulations of the drift, spread, and dissipa-
    tion of the oil were compared  to  the  field  data,  results  of which
    show fair agreement with field observations.  Drift card releases and
    statistical computations are presented which illustrate the fortunate
    timing of the spill with respect to coastal pollution.

                                    99

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT


    79B-0584
    CHEMICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF TWO EXPERIMENTAL OIL SPILLS IN AN ESTUARINE
    ECOSYSTEM,  PART II
    Bieri,  R.H.,  V.C.  Stamoudis,  and M.K.  Cuemen.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington,DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 693-697.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Oil spills, Movement, Hydrocarbons,  Estuaries,  Ecosystems, Microorganisms,
    Chemical analysis, GC/MS

    This paper "deals  with hydrocarbons  in  unconsolidated sediments and
    oysters, Crassostrea virginica, exposed to  experimental  oil  spills.
    Quantitative data  are based on high  resolution, wall-coated glass
    capillaries,  and compound identification  on mass spectrometry and re-
    tention.  Prevailing physical  conditions  at the time  of  the spill are
    of major importance."


    79B-0585
    OIL SPILL BEHAVIOR IN ICE DURING THE 1977 BUZZARDS BAY OIL SPILL
    Deslauriers,  P.C.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts  of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute  of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 197-215.

    Fuel oil, Ice, Movement, Oil  spills, Models,  Bouchard 65 spill,
    Buzzards Bay

    On 28 January 1977, the barge Bouchard  #65  grounded and  accidentally
    discharged 307,200 L (81,150 gal)  of No.  2  home heating  oil  into Buz-
    zards Bay which was 90% ice-covered.  Field measurements and observa-
    tions were made between 29 January and  25 February.   This paper docu-
    ments the findings and discusses the present state-of-the-art know-
    ledge  of oil  spill behavior and movement in ice-infested waters.


    79B-0586
    OCCURRENCE OF OIL  IN OFFSHORE BOTTOM SEDIMENTS  AT THE AMOCO CADIZ
    OIL SPILL SITE
    D'Ozouville,  L., M.O. Hayes,  E.R.  Gundlach, W.J. Sexton, and J. Michel.
    1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 187-192.  (API Publication No.  4308)
    Sediments,  Amoco Cadiz spill, Bays,  Distribution, Concentrations,
    Behavior, Fate, France
                                    100

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D.   FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    A diving survey was conducted in August 1978 to ascertain the horizontal
    and vertical distribution of oil incorporated into bottom sediments.
    The survey yielded 80 cores taken at 20 stations in the bays of Morlaix
    and Lannion, situated near the Amoco Cadiz spill site.   Generally higher
    oil concentrations were found in muddy sediments, porous sediments con-
    taining Lithothamnium, and in sediment areas offshore of heavily oiled
    beaches.  Generally, depth of oil penetration was less  than 7 cm.
    79B-0587
    ROLE OF DYNAMIC COASTAL PROCESSES IN THE IMPACT AND DISPERSAL OF THE
    AMOCO CADIZ OIL SPILL (MARCH 1978) BRITTANY, FRANCE
    Hayes, M.O., E.R. Gundlach, and L. D'Ozouville.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 193-198.  (API Publication No. 4308).

    Fate, Behavior, Estuaries, Shorelines, Coasts, Beaches, Sediments,
    Physical effects, Amoco Cadiz spill, France, *Coasta1 processes,
    Vulnerability index

    This paper describes the influence of beach processes and sedimenta-
    tion on the dispersal, grounding, burial and long-term fate of the  oil
    spilled by the Amoco Cadiz along the Brittany shoreline in March-April
    1978.  Observations based on field studies conducted directly after
    the spill and again a month later indicate that coastal processes and
    geomorphology played a major role in the dispersal  and accumulation
    of the oil, once it came ashore.  The observations  have also served
    to confirm the usefulness of the oil spill  vulnerability index for  pre-
    dicting the damage inflicted by a spill upon different types of shore-
    line.  As observed along the Brittany coast, exposed rocky headlands
    were the least impacted, while sheltered rocky coasts,  tidal flats  and
    salt marshes received the most lasting damage.
    79B-Q588
    DROP SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS AND MIXING ENERGY
    Kim, T., M. Cherian, and W. Jasper.  1978.
    Assessment of Treated vs. Untreated Oil Spills (Interim Report), M.P.
    Wilson.  University of Rhode Island Report HCP/W4047-02, Contract No.  E
    (11-1) 4047.  46 p.
    Dispersants, Physical effects, Behavior, Emulsions

    Experiments were conducted, and are discussed in this paper, in which
    the effects of chemical dispersants on oil drop  size formation and
    distribution were investigated.  The experiments measured the drop size
    distribution in a dispersant treated oil-water system, the stability  of
    oil-water emulsions, and interfacial tension.
                                    101

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    79B-0589
    PRELIMINARY RESULTS  OF AN  EXPERIMENT  TO  MEASURE RAIN INDUCED OIL
    ENTRAPMENT
    Konigsberg, D.,  and  P.  Cornillon.   1978.
    Assessment of Treated vs.  Untreated Oil  Spills  (Interim Report).  M.P.
    Wilson.   University  of Rhode Island Report HCP/W4047-02,  Contract No.  E
    (11-1) 4047.  29 p.
    Oil slicks, Dispersion,  Behavior,  *Rainfall,  *Entrainment

    "A literature review was  performed  and  preliminary experiments were
    conducted to quantify the  dispersion  of  oil  resulting from rainfall.
    These tests, as  well  as the literature,  strongly suggest that rain is
    a significant entrainment  process when  it occurs over a free surface
    covered byathin film."
    79B-0590
    BEHAVIOR AND EFFECTIVENESS  OF DISPERSANTS  AT  SEA  AND  AT  SHORELINES
    Mackay, D., A.  Watson,  C.  Ng, and S.  Nadeau.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March 1979.   Washington, DC, American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p. 447-452.   (API  Publication  No. 4308)

    Dispersants, Crude  oil,  Fuel  oil, Behavior, Shorelines,  Beaches,
    Sediments

    Laboratory tests were conducted to investigate  quantitatively the factors
    influencing the effectiveness of dispersants  applied  to  oil  at sea,  or
    applied to oil  approaching  the shoreline.   In general,  the turbulence
    level  was found to  profoundly influence the effectiveness  of a disper-
    sant.   Simulated shoreline  tests indicated that oil  behavior can  be
    substantially modified  by  dispersant  use to reduce adhesion  and strand-
    ing, to prevent sinking of large oil  droplets by accumulation of  sand,
    and to cause greater penetration into beaches by a filtering action.
    79B-0591
    WEATHERING ESTIMATIONS FOR SPILLED OIL FROM BOUCHARD No.  65_
    MacLeod, W.D., Jr., M.Y.  Uyeda,  A.J. Friedman,  and P.G.  Prohaska.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 217-228.

    Chemical analysis,  Chromatography, Hydrocarbons, Fuel  oil, Weathering,
    Evaporation, Sampling, Ice, Ships, Bouchard 65  spill, Buzzards Bay

    Eleven ice and snow samples collected in the vicinity of the No.  2 fuel
    oil spill from the title barge  were analyzed for saturated and aromatic
    hydrocarbons by high resolution GC.  The analysis indicated that the
                                    102

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    Bouchard #65 contained a lower concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons
    than that of the No. 2 fuel oil spilled from the barge Florida in 1969.
    The percent loss estimates generally correlated with exposure of the
    oil to conditions that could increase evaporative weathering.
    79B-0592
    FATE OF POLLUTANTS IN THE AIR AND WATER ENVIRONMENTS.   PART 2.  CHEMICAL
    AND BIOLOGICAL FATE OF POLLUTANTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    Suffet, I. H. (ed.).  1977.
    New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1977.  xx + 442 p. (Advances in Environ-
    mental Science and Technology, Volume 8)

    Fate, Aquatic environment, Biodegradation, Physical effects, Chemical
    effects

    A collection of papers is presented on the chemical and biological
    processes to which air and water pollutants are subjected.  Although
    the papers do not deal specifically with the fate of petroleum pollutants,
    oil and PAH's are mentioned throughout the book.
    79B-0593
    COMPOSITIONAL CHANGES IN BEACH SEDIMENT-BOUND ARROW BUNKER C:   1970-1976
    Vandermeulen, J.H., P.O. Keizer, and T.P. Ahern.  1976.
    ICES  C. M. Pap. Rep. No. E:51.   12 p.

    Chemical analysis, Fate, Beaches, Sediments, Hydrocarbons, *Arrow spill

    Summary not available.

    [from Marine Pollution Research  Titles 4(6):#1063.  1977]
    3.  Models, Simulations, and Predictions


    79B-0594
    LABORATORY STUDIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE VELOCITY OF THE WIND ON THE
    MOVEMENT OF OIL SLICKS
    Allen, J., and J.C.M. Thanarajah.  1977.
    Journal of Hydraulic Research 15(4):297-310.

    Models, Movement, Drift, Spreading, Predictions, Sea surface, Spill
    trajectories, Physical effects
                                    103

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    Experiments used an open channel  inside a wind tunnel  such that water
    could be pumped with or against wind direction.  Investigations included
    behavior of wave motion in the liquid  and an attempt  to relate the
    significant height of surface waves to the effective roughness for the
    velocity distribution in the air.   The results were "surprisingly con-
    sistent."
    79B-0595
    LABORATORY STUDY OF BEHAVIOUR OF OIL AND GAS PARTICLES IN SALT WATER
    RELATING TO DEEP OIL WELL BLOWOUTS
    Bishnoi, P.R., and B.B.  Maim'.   1979.
    Spill  Technology Newsletter 4(l):24-36.

    Models, Blowouts, Behavior, Fate, Offshore development

    As part of a study of the behavior of oil  and gas streaming from deep
    offshore oil well blowouts, a high pressure water tunnel  was designed
    and fabricated for simulating seabed conditions.   Experiments described
    in this study were carried out under simulated seabed pressures of up
    to 2000 psi; the formation of gas hydrates under  constant and decreas-
    ing pressures is  detailed,  [possibly oil pollution related]
    79B-0596
    WEST COAST OIL SPILLS - A PROBABILITY ANALYSIS KEYED TO SOUTHERN
    CALIFORNIA
    Bright, D.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p. 45-51.   (API Publication No. 4308)

    Models, Oil  spills,  Ships,  Tankers,  Oil transport,  Predictions,  California,
    Coastal waters, Pacific coast

    This analysis identifies distinctly different ship traffic  patterns in
    northern and southern California,  with a decreasing frequency of spills
    related to traffic volumes  in the  south.  The potential for numerous
    tanker collisions  and spills along the West  Coast is extremely low;  a
    60,000 barrel spill  in coastal  waters might  occur once in  500 years.
                                    104

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT


    79B-0597
    AN OIL SPILL FATES MODEL
    Cornillon, P., and M. Spaulding.  1978.
    Assessment of Treated vs. Untreated Oil Spills (Interim Report).   M.P.
    Wilson.  University of Rhode Island Report HCP/W4047/02, Contract  No.  E
    (11-1)4047.  51 p.

    Models, Fate, Oil  spills, Behavior, Spill  response, Spill  cleanup, Dis-
    persants, Risk analysis, Source identification, Environmental  effects
    The University of Rhode Island Oil Spill Fates Model  is being  developed
    to help perform an environmental assessment of the treatment of spilled
    oil with dispersants.  The model is designed to incorporate most  known
    naturally occurring biological, physical and chemical  processes,  as
    well as the effects of cleanup, removal or dispersion  actions.   It is
    currently being tested and refined so that it will be  useful  in planning
    spill response and cleanup, in source identification  of unknown spills,
    and in risk analysis and damage assessment studies.


    79B-0598
    OIL SPILL TREATMENT STRATEGY MODELING FOR GEORGES BANK
    Cornillon, P.O., M.L. Spaulding, and K. Hansen.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 685-692.  (API Publication No. 4308)
    Models, Spill response, Movement, Spill trajectories,  Predictions,
    Fisheries, Georges Bank
    The title model tracks both surface and subsurface oil and is  similar to
    others except that the subsurface technique uses  a  "modified  particle-
    in-cell method which diffuses and  advects  individual  oil/dispersant
    droplets representative of a large number of droplets."  Resultant oil
    concentration data can be used for a fisheries population  model and
    also allows for chemical/mechanical cleanup.


    79B-0599
    THE HYDRODYNAMICS OF THE SPREADING OF ONE LIQUID  ON THE SURFACE OF
    ANOTHER
    DiPietro, N.D., C.Huh, and R.G. Cox.  1977.
    Journal of Fluid Mechanics 84(3):529-549.
    Movement, Drift, Spreading, Spill trajectories, Sea surface
    Mechanisms involved in the spreading of one liquid on  the  surface of
    another are investigated.  For the case of a positive  spreading coeffi-
    cient, the general equations determining the spreading are derived.
                                    105

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D.   FATE OF OIL  IN  THE ENVIRONMENT
    These are solved for the situation  where the spreading liquid is intro-
    duced onto the surface of a  uniformly flowing substratum at a position
    upstream of a barrier on the substratum surface,  thereby achieving a
    steady-state situation,   [possibly  oil  pollution  related]
    79B-0600
    A MODEL TO FORECAST THE MOTION  OF OIL  ON  THE  SEA
    Hess,  K.W. and C.L. Kerr.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington,  DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p.  653-663.   (API Publication  No.  4308)

    Models, Oil  spills, Movement,  Spill  trajectories,  Predictions, Spreading,
    Drift,  Argo  Merchant spill

    This model was developed by combining  separate  models for  the motion of
    oil, water,  and air.  Required  data  includes  information on  the upper
    and lower  boundaries of oil  which is  derived  from  the individual  models.
    Further refinement  incorporating more  sophisticated dynamics will  be
    developed  as limitations of this  preliminary  model  were  indicated by
    application  to the  Argo Merchant  spill.


    79B-0601
    A TIDAL SIMULATION  SYSTEM  FOR  ESTUARINE  ECOSYSTEM  RESEARCH
    Johnson, R.A., L.R. Brown,  and  W.6.  Wells.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference  (Prevention,  Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington,  DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p.  725-728.   (API Publication  No.  4308)
    Estuaries, Behavior, Models, Spreading,  Movement,  Predictions, Physical
    effects, *Tidal simulations

    This study describes a programmable  system  for  simulating  tidal move-
    ments in an  enclosed salt-water estuarine  environment.  This Tidal
    Simulation System (TSS) can simulate  various tide levels  on various
    cycles  and records  performance  on strip  charts.   Tested  by Mississippi
    State University's  Ecosystem Research  Laboratory,  this system uses
    ponds,  pumps,  centrally activated pneumatic valves, and  a  branched
    array of submerged  outlet  pipes to approximate  the significant dynamic
    processes  of an estuary.
                                    106

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    79B-06Q2
    HOW REAL TIME SIMULATION WAS UTILIZED IN ASSESSING TANKER OPERATIONS
    WITHIN PORT VALDEZ AND VALDEZ NARROWS
    Keith, V.F.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 173-177.   (NTIS Report PB-277 060)

    Models, Predictions, Environmental effects, Tankers, Ports,  Alaska
    Real-time simulation was used to assess the environmental conditions
    and the effectiveness of tugboats with  respect to tanker operations in
    the title area.  The model used a 165,000 DWT tanker and a series of
    5,000 HP tugboats and accounted for the following factors: Variable
    wind conditions; as loaded and ballast  drafts; under normal  and at loaded
    emergency (worst case) procedures; with six experienced VLCC pilots;
    and with and without tugboats.  Among the results were that:  A one-
    way traffic system was desirable within Valdez Narrows; operations
    with wind in excess of 40 knots was undesirable; and the proposed tug-
    boats are suitable even under a worst case mechanical breakdown.
    79B-0603
    OIL SPILL FORECASTING - WHERE IS IT GOING?
    Lissauer, I.M., and D.L. Murphy.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 649-652.  (API Publication No. 4308).
    Models, Oil  spills, Movement, Spill trajectories, Monitoring, Predic-
    tions, Drift
    There is a pressing need to improve oil spill  forecasting techniques
    due to deficiencies in existing models, including disregard for evapo-
    rational and/or vertical dispersion, validation of techniques and out-
    puts, and lack of error estimates.  Major efforts are needed in the
    areas of modeling wind-driven circulation.
    79B-0604
    MODELING THE ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND SUB-ARCTIC SEDI-
    MENTS
    Mai inky,
    1979 Oil
    Angeles,
    1979.  p
    Models, Sediments, Hydrocarbons, Movement,
G.,  and  D. Shaw.   1979.
Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
621-623.   (API Publication No. 4308)
                                  Subarctic regions
                                    107

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    This model,  using hydrocarbon concentrations near or below saturated
    solutions, determined that sedimentation via sorption to suspended mineral
    particles is not a major pathway for the dispersion of petroleum in the
    marine environment.  The experiments dealt only with a single process
    and conclusions were limited to the concentration range and the sus-
    pended sediment types studied.
    79B-0605
    A COMPARATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUE FOR TANKER OIL SPILLS
    Ozkaynak, H., and B.L.  Murphy.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 37-43.   (API  Publication No. 4308)

    Models, Oil  spills, Tankers, Predictions, Risk analysis

    The tanker oil spill risk assessment model  (TRAM) allows a user to in-
    vestigate the way in which  oil  spill probabilities and amounts spilled
    vary with such factors  as fleet composition, navigational aids, or
    particular properties of the route.  TRAM operates through multiplica-
    tion of a series  of four matrices, where the rows and columns are para-
    meterized by accident type  and location.  Matrices P,Q,R and S represent:
    probability of an accident; probability of a spill following an accident;
    vessel and route  specific features that reasonably may be expected to
    alter the world  tanker fleet data; and probability that the vessel will
    be a total loss.
    79B-0606
    THE SURVIVAL OF OIL SLICKS ON THE OCEAN AS A FUNCTION OF SEA STATE LIMIT
    Raj, P.P.K., and R.A. Griffiths.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 719-724.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Oil slicks, Behavior, Spill  containment, Movement, Physical  effects

    This preliminary theoretical  study establishes parameters and modeling
    techniques necessary for developing a quantitative understanding of oil
    slick breakup in unconfined waters, such that the threshold can be iden-
    tified beyond which containment and recovery is impractical  or impos-
    sible due to dispersion.  Based on factors including turbulence and
    orbital water velocity relative to specific characteristics of the
    slick, the study should lead to an understanding of the interaction
    between sea state and oil slicks.
                                    108

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT


    79B-0607
    A FISHERY-OILSPILL INTERACTION MODEL
    Reed, M., and M.L. Spaulding.  1978.
    Assessment of Treated vs. Untreated Spills (Interim Report).   M.P.  Wilson,
    University of Rhode Island Report HCP/W4047-02, Contract No.  E (11-1)
    4047.  97 p.

    Models, Fisheries, Oil Spills, Dispersants, Environmental  effects,  Fish,
    Fate, Biological effects, Georges Bank

    An interactive fishery-oil spill model  is being developed in order to
    learn to what extent oil spills at sea affect the commercial  fish catch
    over the following years and under what circumstances, if any, treatment
    with dispersants will mitigate the effect.  This model considers first-
    order, direct effects of an oil spill  on a commercially fished popula-
    tion-, and for the initial application of the model, the Georges Bank
    cod stock has been selected.  This model is being interfaced  with a
    hydrodynamics model, an oil spill fates model and a biological model
    currently under development by University of Rhode Island researchers.


    79B-0608
    A FISHERY-OIL SPILL INTERACTION MODEL
    Reed, M., and M.C. Spaulding.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 63-73.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Models, Oil spills, Fisheries, Predictions, Biological effects, Behavior,
    Fate, Fish, Spreading, Drift, Movement, Georges Bank, Atlantic Ocean,
    *Cod

    The title paper describes the coupling of an oil spill behavior and
    fates model to a fisheries model  to produce dynamic simulations of
    interactive effects between an oil spill and the cod fishery  on
    Georges Bank, with impacts being projected into the commercial catch.


    79B-0609
    OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT:  A SURVEY OF SELECTED
    MODELING TECHNIQUES (DRAFT)
    Research and Planning Consultants.  1976.
    Austin, Texas, Research and Planning Consultants, 1976.  20 p.

    OCS, Offshore development, Models, Economics, Environmental effects,
    Oil spills, Estuaries, Groundwater, Water quality

    Modeling techniques for possible use in assessing the impacts of OCS
    development are described, including the uses, capabilities,  and pro-
    ducts of each model.  Included are models dealing with regional economics,
                                    109

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    input/output,  environmental  impact identification,  infrastructure cost,
    estuary water  quality,  ecology,  outfalls,  oil  spills,  and groundwater.
    The report is  available from the above-named Consultants, 314 West llth,
    Ste.  104, Austin,  TX  78701.
    [from US Geological  Survey Circular,  No.  761:#F004.   1977]


    79B-0610
    WATER CIRCULATION  IN PRINCE WILLIAM SOUND  AND THE GULF OF ALASKA
    Royer, T.C.   1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings  of the Cordova Fisheries  Institute, held in Cordova, Alaska
    on April 1-3,  1977.   B. Melteff  (ed.).   University of  Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program  Report 77-8.   p. 165-172.   (NTIS Report PB-277 060).
    Predictions, Movement,  Physical  effects,  Analytical  techniques,  Sampling,
    Fate, Gulf of  Alaska
    Physical oceanographic  studies   in the  title area  included temperature
    and salinity measurements and determination  of water density and cur-
    rents.  Results indicate that the area  would be impacted by pollutants
    in the Northestern Gulf of Alaska and possibly by contaminants released
    in the Northwest Gulf of Alaska  to Kodiak.
    79B-0611
    CONTINGENCY PLANNING FOR OIL  SPILLS:   RIVERSPILL—A RIVER SIMULATION
    MODEL
    Tsahalis,  D.T.   1979.
    1979 Oil  Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles,  19-22  March 1979.  Washington,  DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  27-36.   (API  Publication  No.  4308)

    Models, Contingency planning, Rivers,  Oil  spills, Predictions, Mis-
    sissippi  River, *Riverspill model

    A simulation model, Riverspill,  was developed for the prediction of
    transport, spreading and associated land contamination of oil  spills
    on rivers.  The spill  is characterized by spill  type, volume and type
    of oil  (including density and surface  tension),  whether Oil  Herder is
    used or not, location of the  spill  in  the river  and its distance from
    the bank;  and time of occurrence.   Predictions of both the deterministic
    and the stochastic modes of the  model  were used  in  the development of
    contingency plans for the lower  Mississippi  River.
                                    110

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D.   FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT


    79B-0612
    PREDICTION OF THE MOTION OF OIL SPILLS IN CANADIAN ARCTIC WATERS
    Venkatesh, K., H. S.  Sahota, and A.S. Rizkalla.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 677-683.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Models, Oil spills, Movement, Spill  trajectories, Arctic, Sea surface,
    Predictions, Beaufort Sea

    Applicable to ice-free surface waters, this model was designed for
    integration into the Environmental Prediction Support System for the
    Canadian Beaufort Sea.  The spill-movement model fairly accurately pre-
    dicted location of "Orion" buoys used to  simulate the motion of oil
    on water.
    4.  General Fate of Oil
    79B-0613
    FATE AND EFFECTS OF POLYNUCLEAR AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN THE AQUATIC
    ENVIRONMENT
    Brown, R.A., and F.T. Weiss.  1978.
    American Petroleum Institute Publication No. 4297.  _ p.
    Aromatic hydrocarbons, Toxicity, Fish, Uptake, Aquatic environment,
    Fate, *PNA
    Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNA's) in the environment are derived
    primarily from combustion processes rather than petroleum pollution; those
    formed by combustion are readily distinguished from petroleum PNA's by
    laboratory analysis.  Literature studies indicate that low, if any,
    concentrations of toxic PNA's accumulate in commercially important
    fish and shellfish.  It is concluded that "no material adverse effects
    are expected from petroleum industry activities on the fishing in-
    dustries or other marine industries through the introduction of possibly
    toxic PNA's in the marine environment."
    79B-0614
    FATE OF DISPERSED OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT:  A BOOMED OIL SPILL
    Buckley, J.  1979.
    Spill Technology Newsletter 4(l):17-23.
    Oil spills, Spill containment, Booms, Dispersants, Dispersion, Spreading,
    Monitoring, Movement, Fate
                                    111

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D.   FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    Described is a field experiment designed to provide information on the
    effectiveness of a dispersant,  the degree of chemical  change of the oil
    with time, and the parameters controlling the movement and spreading of
    the dispersed oil  from a very small  spill.   The experiment involved a
    small  oil spill  inside a boomed area in an  open bay, dispersal  with
    Corexit 9527, monitoring of the dispersed oil using continuous  fluoro-
    metry, and laboratory analysis  of samples.   Surface drogues tracked
    by radar were used to determine movement of the oil.
    79B-0615
    OIL POLLUTION IN THE COASTAL ENVIRONMENT
    Farrington, J.W.  1977.
    Estuarine Pollution Control  and Assessment:   Proceedings of a Confer-
    ence [Pensacola, Florida,  11-13 February 1975].   US Environmental  Pro-
    tection Agency, Office of Water and Standards,  1977.   Vol.  2:385-400.
    (Report EPA-440-1-77-007)

    Sources, Fate, Source identification,  Coastal  waters,  DCS,  Monitoring,
    *Pollutant transfer
    This paper provides a broad  overview and discussion of available infor-
    mation on the title topic.  Discussed  are:   Sources of oil  input to
    the US coastal zone; methods of identifying  sources of oil  spillage;
    pathways of transfer and the physical, chemical,  and biological  inter-
    actions of oil with the marine environment;  measurement of  and cur-
    rent levels of oil  pollution in the US coastal  zone and DCS areas;
    research and monitoring needs, and specific  recommendations for future
    research.
    79B-0616
    THE RATES OF TRANSPORT AND FATES OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN A CONTROLLED
    MARINE ECOSYSTEM, AND A NOTE ON ANALYTICAL VARIABILITY
    Gearing, J.N., P.J. Gearing, T. Wade,  J.G. Quinn,  et al.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 555-564.  (API Publication No.  4308)

    Fate, Evaporation, Biodegradation, Sedimentation,  Solution, Weathering,
    Fuel oil, Hydrocarbons, Marine environment, Analytical techniques, Chromatography

    Budgeting of No.  2 fuel oil  hydrocarbons  experimentally spilled into
    the Marine Ecosystem Research Laboratory  tanks at the University of Rhode
    Island was studied.  Preliminary results  indicate that 1) the primary
    loss of oil  was via evaporation; 2) biodegradation was a  significant
    mechanims for removal of some classes  of  hydrocarbons from the water
    column; 3) 7-16% of the oil  added to the  microcosm sedimented after
                                        112

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D.   FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    sorption  onto  participates; 4) there were substantial  differences in
    the mechanisms and/or rates by which aromatics and alkanes moved through
    the microcosm.  A valuable result was "a better understanding of the
    levels of variability to be expected when naturally inhomogeneous
    systems are studied by different methods in different laboratories."
    79B-0617
    THE EKOFISK BRAVO BLOWOUT:  PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN THE SEA
    Grahl-Nielsen, 0.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 476-487.

    Spreading, Distribution, Hydrocarbons, Fate, Chemical analysis, GC/MS,
    Ekofisk blowout, North Sea

    In the North Sea, 36 hrs after the start of the Ekofisk Bravo blowout,
    the Institute of Marine Research initiated standard chemical, biological,
    and physical oceanographic surveys and special pollution investigations.
    A primary objective of the study was to document the spreading and
    distribution of petroleum hydrocarbons in the sea.  Using GC/MS it
    was possible to identify and quantify alkylated naphthalenes, phen-
    anthrenes, and dibenzothiophenes originating from the blowout over
    an area larger than 60 nautical miles away from Bravo in the  first
    weeks after the blowout.
    79B-0618
    PRESENCE AND SOURCES OF OIL IN THE SEDIMENT AND BENTHIC COMMUNITIES
    SURROUNDING THE EKOFISK FIELD AFTER THE BLOWOUT AT BRAVO
    Johnson, J.H., P.W. Brooks, A.K. Aldridge, and S.J. Rowland.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological Sciences,
    1978.  p. 488-513.

    Contamination, Sediments, Benthos, Hydrocarbons, Chemical  analysis,
    GC/MS, Ekofisk blowout, North Sea

    The title study was undertaken to define possible contamination of the
    aquatic ecosystem.  Sediment and benthic samples, collected from a
    260 km2 (100 mi2) grid centered around the Bravo platform, were pro-
    cessed to their isolate hydrocarbon fractions and analyzed by GC and
    GC/MS.  Results indicated that hydrocarbons which could be linked to
    Bravo crude were present in the sediments and benthic samples at
    levels relatively low in comparison to hydrocarbons from other natural
    and manmade sources.
                                    113

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D.   FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    79B-0619
    SINKING OF OIL IN LOS ANGELES HARBOR,  CALIFORNIA FOLLOWING THE DESTRUC-
    TION OF THE SANSINENA
    Kolpack, R.L,  R.W.  Stearns,  and G.L.  Armstrong.   1978.
    Conference on  Assessment of  Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.   American  Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 379-392.
    Fuel oil, Fate, Sediments, Benthos,  Harbors,  Sedimentation,
    Incineration,  Distribution,  Chemical  effects, California, Sansinena
    spill
    A rapid loss of lower molecular weight components occurred during the
    burning of the Bunker C fuel  oil  spilled from the Sansinena.   This
    increased the  density of the residual  oil,  reduced the  ability of the
    oil  to spread  on the water surface,  and promoted the formation of thick
    lenses of oil.  When the oil  residual  sank  and reached  the sediment/
    water interface in  the title area,  degradation occurred slowly.   The
    residence time for  the high  molecular weight  residual appeared to be
    controlled by  the rate of burial  by burrowing organisms and sediment
    accumulation.
    79B-0620
    RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HYDROCARBONS AND CHLOROPHYLL,  PARTICULATE CARBON
    AND PLANKTON IN THE AREA BETWEEN THE FIRTH OF FORTH AND THE FORTIES
    OILFIELD
    Mackie,P.R., R. Hardy,  K.J.  Whittle, D.V.P.  Conway, and A.D.  Mclntyre.
    1976.
    ICES C.  M.  Pap. Rep., No.  E:42.   12 p.

    Fate,  Hydrocarbons, Plankton,  North Sea,  UK, *Chlorophyll,  *Carbon

    Summary not available.

    [from Marine Pollution  Research  Titles  4(6):#1054.   1977]


    79B-0621
    FATE AND EFFECT OF BUNKER C OIL SPILLED BY THE USNS POTOMAC IN MELVILLE
    BAY - GREENLAND -  1977
    Peterson,  H.K.   1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills,  Keystone,
    Colorado,  14-17 June 1978.   American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p.  331-343.

    Oil  spills, Fuel  oil,  Fate, Evaporation,  Tankers, Greenland,  *Potomac
    spill
                                    114

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D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT
    On 5 August 1977, 380 tons of Bunker C fuel  oil  were spilled in Melville
    Bay, off Northwest Greenland.  Studies of the spilled oil's fate and
    effects were conducted shortly thereafter.  About 50-100% of the com-
    pounds with vapor pressures equal to or greater than n-alkanes up to
    C17 evaporated in a 2-week period.  Some oil  was lost to the water
    column, and the residue sank in 1000 m of water.
    79B-0622
    THE IMPACT OF THE SANSINENA EXPLOSION AND BUNKER C SPILL ON THE MARINE
    ENVIRONMENT
    Soule, D.F., M.W. Wicksten, J.K. Dawson, M. Oguri, et
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological Impacts of Oil
    Colorado,
    1978.  p.
14-17 June
394-443.
                                            al.   1978.
                                            Spills,  Keystone,
1978.   American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    Fuel oil, Incineration, Biological  effects, Water quality,  Fate,  Harbors,
    California, Sansinena spill

    An estimated 20,000-32,000 bbl  of Bunker C fuel  oil  spilled after the
    explosion and fire on the Sansinena in Los Angeles Harbor on 17 December
    1976.  Harbor Environmental Projects initiated a study on the spread of
    the oil and its impact on biology and water quality.   Data  gathered at
    the site from 1972 to December 1976 provided a baseline.   Results of the
    study are presented.
    79B-0623
    DISTRIBUTION OF TAR AND RELATIONSHIP TO CHANGES IN INTERTIDAL ORGANISMS
    ON SANDY BEACHES IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
    Straughan, D.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 591-601.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Tar, Natural seepage, Fate, Distribution, Beaches, Sediments, Biological
    effects, Marine organisms, Intertidal  zone, California, Santa Barbara
    Channel

    The title study, conducted over the 10 years following the 1969 Santa
    Barbara oil spill, indicated the following:  Most tar in the Southern
    California Bight originates from natural oil seeps; on open beaches
    the residence time for tar is usually short, but may be longer if tar
    is buried during storms; and natural variables such as sediment grain
    size have a greater impact on species distribution and abundance than
    tar.
                                    115

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D.   FATE OF OIL IN THE  ENVIRONMENT
    79B-0624
    ASSESSMENT OF TREATED VS.  UNTREATED OIL SPILLS (INTERIM REPORT)
    Wilson,  M.P., et al.   1978.
    University of Rhode  Island Report HCP/W4047-02,  Contract No.  E(ll-l)4047.
    489 p.
    Oil spills,  Fate,  Behavior,  Models, Biodegradation,  Biological  effects,
    Mollusks,  Fisheries,  *Research  program

    "This interim report  is  a  collection of papers which represents a por-
    tion of  the work that is being  accomplished  for  the  Division  of Environ-
    mental Control  Technology  under Department of Energy Contract No. E(ll-l)
    4047."   Individual papers  are by T.  Kim,  et  al.,  P. Cornillon, et al.,
    D.  Konigsberg,  et  al., C.  Brown,  et al.,  M.  Ahmadjian,  et al.,  D. Gold-
    farb, et al., L.  Bhattacharya,  et al.,  C. Ordzie, et al., and M.  Reed,
    et  al.,  and are abstracted separately in  this issue  of  OPA.   Topics
    include  the fate and  physical behavior  of spilled oil,  spill  modeling,
    biodegradation, biological  effects of oil spills on  mollusks  (scallops),
    and a fishery-oilspill interaction model.
                                   116

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E.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT,  AND PRODUCTION

    1.   Biological Aspects


    [No entries.]
    2.  Physical and Chemical Aspects
    [No entries.]
    3.  Social and Economical Aspects
    79B-0625
    SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTS OF OUTER  CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT
    A BIBLIOGRAPHY
    Pattison, M.L.  1977.
    US Geological Survey Circular No.  761.  66 p.
    Socioeconomic effects, Bibliographies, DCS, Offshore development,  Oil-
    gas leasing, Economics, North Sea, Onshore impacts
    This bibliography presents reports which are concerned primarily with
    the socioeconomic impacts of DCS oil-gas development, or which include
    sections that contain significant discussions thereof.  Several  of the
    120 cited reports have been included because of their value in provid-
    inga broad picture of DCS oil-gas development and the associated tech-
    nical aspects.  Relevant entries are listed in the following categories:
    Introductory literature, General studies, Facility-related studies,
    Regional studies, North Sea experience, and Relevant methodologies.
    79B-0626
    ECONOMIC VALUES AND ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS ASSOCIATED WITH OIL SPILLS
    Wilman, E.  1978.
    Conference on Assessment of Ecological  Impacts of Oil  Spills, Keystone,
    Colorado, 14-17 June 1978.  American Institute of Biological  Sciences,
    1978.  p. 119-135.

    Economics, Environmental effects, Cost analysis, Oil  spills,  Coastal
    zone management, Resource management
                                    117

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E.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL  EXPLORATION,  DEVELOPMENT,  AND PRODUCTION
    The author discusses the problems  of conflicting demands for coastal
    and marine resources and  the need to assess economic gains and losses
    for rational  allocation of these resources.   A case study to estimate
    such values of environmental  impacts affecting beaches in a tourist-
    oriented economy is presented and  examined.
    4.  Legal and Regulatory Aspects
    79B-0627
    IMPLEMENTATION OF THE OFFSHORE OIL  POLLUTION FUND
    Beck, D.A., and P.O.  Moeller.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March  1979.   Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 11-15.   (API Publication  No.  4308)

    Liability, Compensation,  OCS,  Legislation,  Spill  cleanup, Economic effects

    Title III of the  OCS  Lands  Act Amendment of 1978  establishes a fund  to
    deal with cleanup costs and economic  damages resulting from outer con-
    tinental shelf oil  spills.   This paper  discusses  four major topics:
    scope of damages, methods and  procedures for adjudication and settle-
    ment of claims, limits of liability,  and methods  of establishing the
    financial responsibility of firms operating on the OCS.


    79B-Q628
    WATER POLLUTION CONTROL:   ASSESSING THE IMPACTS AND COSTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
    STANDARDS
    Luken, R.A., and  E.H. Pechan.   1977.
    New York, Praeger Publishers,  1977.  xiii  + 180 p.

    Legislation, Pollution control, Oil discharges, Industries, Wastewaters,
    Economics, Cost analysis

    The title book addresses  policy changes and developments in various
    technological  areas in relation to  the  mandates set forth by the 1972
    Federal  Water Pollution Control Act.  The petroleum industry is included
    in many of the tabulations,  [possibly  oil  pollution related]
                                    118

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E.  POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION


    79B-0629
    REGULATORY THINKING AND OFFSHORE RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
    Mahmood, A., G.M. Simmons, and H.M.  Meadow.   1977.
    Environmental  Technology '77.  Mt.  Prospect, Illinois, Institute of
    Environmental  Sciences, 1977.  p. 58-59.   Institute of Environmental
    Sciences, 23rd Annual  Technical  Meeting.

    Regulations, OCS, Offshore development, Monitoring, Development, Environ-
    mental Protection
    This paper examines some of the regulatory guidelines governing OCS
    development and monitoring of petroleum related offshore activities.
    The authors conclude that "in many cases  the requirements exceed the
    state of the art and in some others  too much emphasis is placed on
    specifying equipment types and processing methods."  They suggest that
    clearer statements and firm implementation of control  objectives can
    lead to effective environmental  protection.


    79B-0630
    OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION, CONTROL AND COUNTERMEASURE PRACTICES AT
    SMALL PETROLEUM FACILITES
    McCracken, W.F., T.J.  Charlton,  and  F.J.  Freestone.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 213-216.  (API Publication No.  4308)
    Oil industry, Pollution prevention,  Production, EPA, Regulations, Law
    enforcement, Contingency planning,  *Stripper wells
    A study was conducted by the EPA to  assess the  ability of small petroleum
    production and distribution facilities in four  regions to comply with
    EPA's Oil Pollution Prevention Regulation (40 CFR Part 112).   The regions
    covered were Texas/Oklahoma, Louisiana, Penn-grade, and New England.
    The regulation, which involves development of an SPCC plan and certifi-
    cation of the plan by a registered engineer, and the survey methodology
    are discussed.  Deficiencies found in each region and the related problems
    are detailed, and proposed  solutions for some  of these problems are
    given.
                                    119

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E.  POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION,  DEVELOPMENT,  AND PRODUCTION
    79B-0631
    THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF SUPERFUND
    Vorbach,  J.E.,  and J.F.  Ahern.   1979.
    1979 Oil  Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles,  19-22  March 1979.   Washington,  DC,  American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.   p.  17-22.   (API  Publication No.  4308)
    Liability, Compensation, Spill  cooperatives, Legislation,  Spill  cleanup,
    Economic  effects,  *Superfund
    Various national  and international  liability and  compensation regimes
    are examined, including  those mandated  by the Federal  Water Pollution
    Control Act and the proposed Superfund,  TOVALOP (Tanker Owners Voluntary
    Agreement Concerning Liability  for Oil  Pollution),  and the Fund Conven-
    tion.   A comprehensive  international  regime  is recommended for compen-
    sating public and private parties  suffering  pollution  damage from oil
    or hazardous substances.
    5.  General  Aspects


    79B-0632
    ATLANTIC MARINE ACTIVITIES INFORMATION
    Amoco.   1976.
    Atlanta, Georgia, Amoco Public and Government Affairs  Office,  1976.   22  p.
    Onshore impacts, DCS,  Offshore development,  Atlantic  coast
    A series of advertisements published  in  East Coast news  media are  featured
    which address  the questions of the onshore impacts of offshore oil
    development.  The brochure is available  from the  above-named  office,
    P.O. Box 5077, Atlanta,  GA  30302.
    [from US Geological  Survey Circular,  No.  761:#A015.   1977]


    79B-0633
    THE EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION ON THE  ESTUARY
    Biggs,  R.B.   1977.
    Estuarine Pollution Control and Assessment:   Proceedings of a Conference
    [Pensacola,  Florida, 11-13 February 1975].  US Environmental  Protection
    Agency, Office of Water Planning and  Standards, 1977.  Vol. 1:309-318.
    (Report EPA-440-1-77-007)

    Estuaries, Oil transfer, Refineries,  Petrochemicals,  Environmental
    effects, Industries, Government agencies, Coastal  zone management
                                    120

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E.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION


    Crude oil handling, refining, and petrochemical  production are among
    the several industries which rely on the estuary for waterborne trans-
    portation, for process water, or for products derived from the estuarine
    waters or bottom sediments.  This paper briefly examines the environ-
    mental effects and pressures exerted by existing and projected indus-
    tries and assesses federal  policies in response to the problems of
    industrialization.  The reduction of impacts by relocating certain
    estuarine-dependent industrial  centers to new, more environmentally
    acceptable sites is proposed as a feasible long-term policy.


    79B-0634
    THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT PROCESS:  A BACK-
    GROUND PAPER FOR STATE PLANNERS AND MANAGERS
    Bureau of Land Management.   1976.
    Washington, DC, Bureau of Land Management, 1976.   76 p.
    DCS, Offshore development,  Coastal  zone management, Oil  spills,
    Bibliographies,  BLM
    This report focuses on the relationship between the various phases of
    DCS development and corresponding coastal zone and related planning
    requirements.  One section is devoted to major facilities and oil spills.
    The report includes an extensive bibliography.  The report is available
    from the BLM Office of Minerals Policies Development and Planning (711),
    18 and C St., NW, Washington, DC  20240.
    [from US Geological Survey Circular, No. 761:#A001.  1977]


    79B-0635
    A PROCESS FOR COASTAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND IMPACT ASSESSMENT
    Coastal Environments, Inc.   1976.
    Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Coastal Environments, Inc., 1976.  72 p.

    Coastal zone management, DCS, Offshore development, Oil-gas leasing,
    Onshore impacts, Socioeconomic effects, Environmental effects, Louisiana
    Focusing on coastal zone planning and impact assessment in Louisiana,
    the report includes an approach for assessing onshore impacts result-
    ing from DCS oil and gas development.  "Techniques presented are res-
    ponsive to critical social  and environmental criteria."   [possibly
    oil pollution related]
    [from US Geological Survey Circular, No. 761:#F012.  1977]
                                    121

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E.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION,  DEVELOPMENT,  AND PRODUCTION
    79B-0636
    SOURCE BOOK:   ONSHORE IMPACTS  OF OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS
    DEVELOPMENT
    Conservation  Foundation.   1977.
    Chicago, Illinois,  American  Society of Planning Officials,  1977.  180 p.

    Onshore impacts,  OCS, Offshore development,  Resource management, Coastal
    zone management
    This source book  is a structured guide to offshore oil-gas  development,
    including   production processes, and related onshore facilites; on-
    shore impacts; and planning and management techniques available to states
    and communities.   The book is  available from the above-named Society,
    1313 East 60th St., Chicago,  IL   60637.  [possibly oil  pollution related]

    [from US Geological Survey Circular,  No. 761:#A016.   1977]


    79B-0637
    A GUIDE TO RESOURCE INFORMATION  FOR OCS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
    Georgia Department of Natural  Resources.  1976.
    Atlanta, Georgia Department of  Natural  Resources, Office of  Planning and
    Research, Resource Planning  Section,  1976.   38 p.

    Onshore impacts,  Development,  Pipelines, Oil  spills, OCS, Resource
    management, Environmental  effects,  Government agencies, Georgia

    "This report  identifies Georgia's information needs and the available
    state and federal  agencies,  publications, and contacts  for meeting
    them.  The information needs are presented in three broad categories:
    impacts related to onshore development, impacts related to  pipelines,
    and impacts related to oil spills."

    [from US Geological Survey Circular,  No. 761:#D013.   1977]
    79B-0638
    ON CONTROLLED DISCHARGES OF OIL HYDROCARBONS FROM THE EKOFISK FIELD
    TERMINAL PLATFORM
    Grahl-Nielsen, 0., T.  Neppelberg,  K.H.  Palmork,  K. Westrheim, and S.
    Wilhelmsen.   1976.
    ICES C. M.  Pap. Rep.,  No. E:32.  16 p.

    Oil discharges, Hydrocarbons,  Platforms,  North Sea, Pollution control
    Summary not  available.

    [from Marine Pollution Research Titles  4(6):#1046.  1977]
                                    122

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E.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION


    79B-0639
    THE IMPACT OF OFFSHORE PETROLEUM OPERATIONS ON MARINE AND ESTUARINE AREAS
    Hay, K.G.  1977.
    Estuarine Pollution Control  and Assessment:  Proceedings of a Conference
    [Pensacola, Florida, 11-13 February 1975].  US Environmental  Protection
    Agency, Office of Water Planning and Standards, 1977.  Vol. 2:467-474.
    (Report EPA-440-1-77-0070

    Offshore exploration, Offshore production, Coastal waters, Drilling,
    Estuaries, Environmental effects, Gulf of Mexico

    Expertise gained through more than two decades of offshore oil-gas explore
    tion and production in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Mexico,  and
    advances in exploration drilling and production technology and  equip-
    ment are major factors minimizing the danger of environmental damage
    from offshore petroleum operations.  "Studies of the impact of  oil  on
    marine and estuarine areas are continuing, and the results so far in-
    dicate that petroleum operations can be and are being conducted in an
    environmentally acceptable manner."


    79B-0640
    ASSESSMENT OF THE ARCTIC MARINE ENVIRONMENT.  SELECTED TOPICS
    Hood, D.W., and D.C. Burrell (eds.).  1976.
    Fairbanks, University of Alaska, Institute of Marine Science, 1976.
    xi + 468 p.  (Occasional Publication No. 4)

    Biological effects, Physical effects, Environmental  effects,  Baseline
    studies, Oil spills, Socioeconomic effects, Microorganisms, Fish,
    Fisheries, Arctic,North Sea, OCS, Offshore development

    Twenty-eight papers on various aspects of environmental  assessment of
    the high latitudes with respect to resource extraction are presented.
    Major categories include The Arctic Premise, Regional Program Perspec-
    tives, The Northern Seabed Condition, Dynamic Physical Processes, Bio-
    logical Features, and Hydrocarbons in the Arctic Environment.  One of
    the major problems emphasized is the need to determine the response of
    key organisms at critical stages in life cycles to the effects  of man-
    introduced stresses such as oil pollution.
                                    123

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E.  POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL  EXPLORATION,  DEVELOPMENT,  AND PRODUCTION
    79B-0641
    POLLUTION PROBLEMS IN THE ESTUARIES OF ALASKA
    Hood, W.D.,  and J.J.  Goering.   1977.
    Estuarine Pollution Control  and Assessment:   Proceedings of a Conference
    [Pensacola,  Florida,  11-13 February 1975].   US Environmental  Protection
    Agency,  Office of Water Planning and Standards, 1977.   Vol. 1:285-296.
    (Report  EPA-440-1-77-007)
    Estuaries, Pollution  control,  Development,  Production,  Oil  transport,
    Pipelines, Tankers, Coastal  waters, Industries, Alaska
    Alaska's  present and  future  coastal pollution problems  are  examined,
    based on  the current  rapid development of several  industries, including
    those of  petroleum exploration, production  and transport.   The increased
    petroleum production  and associated pipeline and tanker transport of oil
    products  through Alaskan coastal  systems  poses a major  future pollution
    risk.
    79B-0642
    EFFECTS OF OFFSHORE OIL  AND NATURAL  GAS  DEVELOPMENT ON THE COASTAL ZONE
    Library of Congress.  1976.
    Washington, DC,  US Congress,  94th Congress,  2nd Session,  1976.   376 p.

    Offshore development, DCS,  Oil-gas leasing,  Onshore impacts,  Coastal
    zone management, Fisheries, Coastal  waters,  Compensation, Socioeconomic
    effects

    Topics of this comprehensive  Congressional  Research Service study in-
    clude:  DCS oil-gas leasing procedures,  offshore technology,  environ-
    mental impacts offshore  and in the coastal  zone, and socioeconomic
    impacts.  The relationship  between DCS activities and the fishing in-
    dustry is discussed.   Also  addressed are coastal zone management, and
    compensation to coastal  states for OCS impacts.  The report concludes
    "that OCS operations  are environmentally sound, that oil  spills are not
    a major possibility,  [and]  that onshore  impacts will  be primarily local."

    [from US Geological Survey  Circular, No. 761:#B003.  1977]


    79B-0643
    OIL AND AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS, TANKER SAFETY,  AND OIL POLLUTION LIABILITY.
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE CORDOVA  FISHERIES INSTITUTE, HELD IN CORDOVA, ALASKA
    ON APRIL 1-3, 1977.
    Melteff, B.  (ed.).  1977.
    University of Alaska  and Alaska Sea  Grant Program, Report 77-8.  256 p.
    (NTIS Report PB-277-060)

    Biological effects, Economic  effects, Socioeconomic effects, Environ-
    mental management, Tankers, Safety,  Ecosystems, Liability, OCS, Oil
    industry, Pollution control,  Fisheries,  Alaska, Gulf of Alaska


                                    124

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E.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT,  AND PRODUCTION


    Twenty-five papers were presented at the title conference under the fol-
    lowing topic categories:  Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems;  Tanker Safety and
    Navigation Standards; and Liability Problems Resulting from Oil  Pollu-
    tion and Social  and Economic Impacts on the Fishing Community.  The
    papers focused on the community of Cordova, Alaska  and the surrounding
    fishery resources in Prince William Sound and the Central  Gulf of Alaska.
    Individual papers are abstracted separately in this issue  of OPA.


    79B-0644
    EFFECTS ON COMMERCIAL FISHING  OF PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT OF  THE NORTH-
    EASTERN UNITED STATES
    Morse, R.W.  1976.
    Woods Hole, Massachusetts, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,  1976.
    80 p.

    Fisheries, OCS,  Offshore development, Regulations,  Environmental  effects,
    Onshore impacts, Oil industry, Socioeconomic effects,  Atlantic Ocean
    The possible impacts of OCS development on the fishing industry of the
    New England and Mid-Atlantic States area are surveyed.  This study con-
    siders the offshore physical environment, fishing techniques, offshore
    petroleum activities, and the  legal-regulatory framework.   Effects of
    oil pollution in terms of onshore and offshore interactions are examined
    and recommendations to industry and government for  minimizing undesired
    consequences are presented.
    [from US Geological Survey Circular, No. 761:#8011.  1977]


    79B-0645
    FACTBOOK:  ONSHORE FACILITIES  RELATED TO OFFSHORE OIL  AND  GAS DEVELOPMENT
    New England River Basins Commission.  1976.
    Boston, Massachusetts, New England River Basins Commission, 1976.  _ p.

    Onshore impacts, Offshore development, Refineries,  Oil transfer,  Petro-
    chemicals, *0nshore facilities
    Possible impacts of facilities associated with offshore oil-gas  develop-
    ment are discussed.  Facilities covered include:   Service  bases,  repair
    and maintenance  yards, transportation facilities, gas  processing  and
    treatment plants, refineries,  platform fabrication  yards,  petrochemical
    plants and partial processing  facilities.  The book is available  from
    the above-named  Commission, NERBC/RALI Project, 55  Court St., Boston,
    MA 02108.  [possibly oil pollution related]

    [from US Geological Survey Circular, No. 761:#C001.  1977]
                                    125

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E.  POLLUTION ASPECTS OF  OIL  EXPLORATION,  DEVELOPMENT,  AND PRODUCTION


    79B-0646
    NOTICE OF RESEARCH CONDUCTED IN  THE USA ON THE EFFECTS ON COMMERCIAL
    FISHING OF OFFSHORE PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT
    Smith, K.A.  1976.
    ICES C. M. Pap.  Rep., No.  B:17.   9 p.
    Environmental  effects,  DCS,  Offshore development,  US,  Fisheries, Fish,
    *Research projects

    Summary not available.
    [from Marine Pollution  Research  Titles 4(6):#1060.   1977]
    79B-0647
    FISHING AND PETROLEUM INTERACTIONS ON THE GEORGES BANK:   AREAS OF PAR-
    TICULAR INTEREST TO INDUSTRIES,  VOLUME I
    Olsen, S.B., and S.B. Saila.   1976.
    Boston, Massachusetts, New England Regional  Commission,  Technical Report
    No. 76-3.   20 p.
    Offshore development, Fisheries, Oil  industry,  Resource  management,
    Environmental effects, Georges Bank
    Summary information for planning and  management of the resources and
    industries in the Georges Bank area  is provided.  Included are maps and
    tabulations of the various activities and environmental  characteristics
    that aid in the evaluation of potential  interactions between the fishing
    and petroleum industries.  The report is  available from  the above-named
    Commission, 53 State St., Boston, MA  02109.   [possibly oil pollution
    related]

    [from US Geological Survey Circular,  No.  761:#D020.   1977]


    79B-0648
    PROCEEDINGS OF A WORKSHOP ON  ENVIRONMENTAL OCEANOGRAPHY  OF THE GULF OF
    MEXICO, COLLEGE STATION, TEXAS,  15-16 MARCH 1976
    Texas Agricultural and Mechanical University, Department of Oceano-
    graphy, 1976.
    Texas A&M University, Report  CONF-760363, Contract E(40-l)-5017.  55 p.
    (NTIS Report ORO-5017-1.)

    Environmental effects, Offshore exploration, Offshore production, OCS,
    Refining, Oil transport, Petroleum products, Gulf of Mexico, Conference

    Energy-related environmental  problems in the Gulf of Mexico and a frame-
    work for a research program to solve these problems were the focus of the
    title conference.  A major concern was activity related to offshore oil
    and gas development, production, transportation and refining, and the use
    of petroleum products.  Different viewpoints on Gulf environmental problems
    were expressed.

    [from Report NTIS/PS-78/0179.  p. 17.  1978]
                                    126

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E.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION


    79B-0649
    FISHING AND PETROLEUM INTERACTIONS ON GEORGES BANK, VOLUME II
    University of Rhode Island, Coastal Resources Center.  1976.
    Boston, Massachusetts, New England Regional  Commission, Technical Report
    No. 76-3.  _ p.

    Offshore development, Fisheries, Oil  industry, DCS, Oil-gas leasing,
    Georges Bank

    This final volume investigates the probable  interactions between OCS
    oil and gas development and the fishing industry on Georges Bank.  The
    potential magnitude, duration, and characteristics of offshore petroleum
    activities, and the productivity of the fishing industry are  assessed.
    The report is available from the above-named Commission, 53 State St.,
    Boston, MA  02109.  [possibly oil  pollution related]

    [from US Geological Survey Circular,  No. 761:#D021.  1977]


    79B-0650
    SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, AND ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS AND IMPACTS  ASSOCIATED
    WITH THE DEVELOPMENT OF OIL AND GAS RESOURCES IN THE OUTER CONTINENTAL
    SHELF OF THE GULF OF MEXICO
    Wales, R.W., J.W. Gladden, Jr., and W.R. Roberts.  1976.
    Long Beach, Mississippi Marine Resources Council, 1976.  274 p.

    Socioeconomic effects, Environmental  effects, Offshore development,
    OCS, Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana

    Social, economic, and environmental impacts which could be expected from
    the various offshore oil and gas development activities in the Gulf of
    Mexico, particularly in the Louisiana area, are examined.  The report
    is available from the above-named Council, P.O. Drawer 959, Long Beach,
    MS  39560.

    [from US Geological Survey Circular,  No. 761:#D022.  1977]


    79B-0651
    THE OIL THREAT TO BRIDGER-TETON
    Whipple, D.  1977.
    The Living Wilderness 41(139):4-8.

    Development, Exploration, Resource management, Wildlife, Environmental
    deterioration, Environmental protection

    This article reports on the growing conflict between oil and gas devel-
    opment and wilderness protection in a Wyoming national forest.  The dis-
    covery of large oil deposits in Bridger-Teton National Forest raises  the
    possibility of large-scale roadbuilding, oil and gas drilling operations,
    destruction of wildlife habitats, and vastly increased population pres-
    sures in an area that is presently de facto wilderness.


                                    127

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F.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL  TRANSPORT,  TRANSFER,  AND STORAGE

    1.   Tankers and Ships


    79B-0652
    THE METULA OIL SPILL
    Gunnerson, C.G.,  and G.  Peter.   1976.
    Boulder, Colorado, National  Oceanic  and  Atmospheric  Administration,
    Environmental  Research  Laboratories,  1976.   37 p.   NOAA Special  Report.
    (NTIS Report PB-270 418/7ST.)
    Oil  spills, Spill response,  Environmental  effects, Movement,  Spreading,
    Metula spill,  Strait of Magellan, Chile

    The title report describes  short and long-term environmental  damage  caused
    by  the grounding  of the  supertanker  Metula  in the  Strait of Magellan.
    Included are the background  of  the  accident, a description of the en-
    vironment, reasons why  cleanup  was  not  attempted,  and a discussion of
    further research  needs.


    79B-0653
    REPORT OF THE  VLCC METULA GROUNDING AND REFLOATING IN THE STRAIT OF
    MAGELLAN IN 1974
    Price, R.I.  1976.
    The Metula Oil Spill.  C.G.  Gunnerson,  and  G.  Peter.   1976.    Boulder,
    Colorado, National Oceanic  and  Atmospheric  Administration, Environmental
    Research Laboratories,  1976.  40 p.   NOAA  Special  Report.   (Appendix B,
    attached microfiche) (NTIS  Report PB-270 418/7ST)
    Oil  spills, Spill response,  Foreign  governments,  Tankers,  Oil  transfer,
    Metula spill,  Strait of Magellan, Chile

    The title report discusses  facts pertaining to the grounding  of  the
    Metula, the resulting pollution, and subsequent offloading and re-
    floatation with US Coast  Guard  assistance.   It includes an executive
    summary, a narrative report,  a  chronology  of events,  and enclosures.


    79B-0654
    NOTE ON A TANKER SHIPWRECK  IN CORUNA BAY,  (GALICIA, NW SPAIN)
    Quiroga, H.  1976.
    ICES C. M. Pap. Rep., No. E:25.   3  p.

    Tankers, Urquiola spill,  Spain

    Summary not available.

    [from Marine Pollution  Research Titles  4(6):#1058.  1977]
                                    128

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F.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL TRANSPORT, TRANSFER, AND STORAGE
    2.   Pipelines
    79B-0655
    PIPELINE  AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION SAFETY AND OIL SPILL
    REDUCTION
    Driscoll, W.J.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 23-25.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Pipelines, Oil spills, Government agencies, Safety, Legislation, Pollution
    prevention, Regulations, Environmental protection

    Although statistics indicate that about 5% of US oil spill  incidents are
    caused by pipeline breaks, these spills cause about 15% of the annual
    total accidental release.  These types of spills are consequently the
    subject of particular attention of the Materials Transportation Bureau,
    US Department of Transportation,  Certain deficiencies of the applicable
    laws must be reviewed and corrected to provide an adequate safety program
    of maximum effectiveness with important environmental  considerations.
    79B-0656
    OFFSHORE PIPELINES (A BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS)
    Habercom, G.E.,  Jr.  1978.
    Report NTIS/PS-78/0179. _p.  Report for 1964-Jan. 1978.   (Supersedes
    Report NTIS/PS-77/0098.)
    Pipelines, Environmental effects, Bibliographies, Offshore development,
    DCS, Oil transfer, Oil transport, Cost analysis

    Environmental aspects of offshore pipelines are among the topics in-
    vestigated in these government-sponsored research reports.   Hydrodynamics,
    benefit-costs of underwater pipeline transportation, and  risk analysis
    are among the parameters covered.  Twenty-seven of the 121  abstracts pre-
    sented are new entries to the previous edition,  [possibly oil pollution
    related]
                                    129

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F.   POLLUTION  ASPECTS  OF  OIL  TRANSPORT,  TRANSFER,  AND STORAGE


    3.   Loading and  Offloading  Facilities


    79B-0657
    VALDEZ--THE SUPERPORT OF  THE  FUTURE
    Purdy,  H.A., W.L.N. Fisken, 6.G.  Perkins,  and  R.  Bayliss.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March  1979.  Washington,  DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  359-365.   (API  Publication No. 4308)
    Ports,  Oil  terminals, Oil  transport, Industries,  Government agencies,
    Spill response,  Spill cleanup,  Contingency planning,  USCG,  Alaska,
    *Port Valdez
    The facilities  and pollution  control operations at Port  Valdez, Alaska
    are described relative to the cooperative  efforts between  industry and
    government to protect the environment.   Included  are  discussions  of  a
    simulated  oil spill drill,  development  of  an oil  sensitivity atlas for
    Prince William  Sound, and the role of the  US Coast Guard in vessel
    traffic management in Valdez.


    79B-0658
    VLCC LIGHTERING  OPERATIONS  IN SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA
    Wolfson, M.W.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention,  Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22  March  1979.  Washington,  DC,  American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p.  119-120.  (API  Publication No. 4308)

    Tankers, Oil transfer, Contingency planning, Spill  cleanup, Equipment,
    California, *Lightering operations,  *VLCCs.

    The techniques  employed in  very large crude  carrier (VLCC)  lightering
    operations in the  Gulf of San Clemente  are detailed.   Lightering  is
    necessary  because  of  a lack of  deepwater port  facilities able to  accom-
    modate VLCCs in  Southern  California. Each of  the three  companies in-
    volved in  the lighterings,  Chevron,  Shell, and Coastal States Gas Cor-
    poration,  have  submitted  oil  spill contingency plans  to  the US Coast
    Guard and  the California  Department  of  Fish  and Game.  The  plans  and
    the equipment specified by them are  also described.
                                    130

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F.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL TRANSPORT, TRANSFER, AND STORAGE


    4.  Storage Facilities


    79B-0659
    OIL SPILL PREVENTION AND CONTROL AT NAVAL SHORELINE ACTIVITIES
    Hansen, W.G.,  E.  Clements, and E.A. Lundt.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 217-224.  (API Publication No. 4308)
    Storage, Oil tanks, Pollution prevention, USN, EPA, Regulations,  Con-
    tingency planning, Inland, Coasts
    A comprehensive program has been undertaken by the US Navy in response
    to EPA and USCG regulations to minimize the potential for land-based
    oil spills from naval  shoreline oil storage and handling facilities.
    Maintenance and construction projects have been initiated to correct
    existing deficiencies in the facilities.  Spill prevention, control,
    and countermeasures (SPCC) and oil spill contingency plans have been
    reviewed and upgraded.  Specific deficiencies identified by an engineer-
    ing team are tabulated, and recommended modifications at one shoreline
    activity are diagrammed.
    5.  Legal and Regulatory Aspects


    79B-0660
    OIL SPILL LIABILITY AND COMPENSATION
    Carven, C.J.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 7-10.  (API Publication No. 4308)
    Liability, Compensation, Spill cooperatives, Legislation, Spill  cleanup,
    Economic effects
    Oil spill compensation regimes discussed in this paper are two voluntary
    schemes, TOVALOP (Tanker Owners Voluntary Agreement Concerning Liability
    for Oil Pollution)  and CRISTAL (Contract Regarding an Interim Supplement
    to Tanker Liability for Oil  Pollution), and two IMCO conventions, the
    Civil Liability Convention and the Fund Convention.  Key features of
    the proposed "superfund" legislation are presented for comparative pur-
    poses.
                                    131

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F.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL TRANSPORT,  TRANSFER,  AND STORAGE


    79B-0661
    REVIEW OF ALASKA LEGISLATIVE  RESPONSES
    Croft, C.  1977.
    Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems,  Tanker Safety,  and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova, Alaska
    on April  1-3,  1977.   B.  Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.   p.  157-164.   (NTIS Report PB-277 060)

    Legislation, Alaska, Safety, Pollution  prevention,  Environmental protec-
    tion
    The Tanker-Vessel Act,  Senate Bill  406, was passed by the previous ses-
    sion of the Alaska Legislature.   The author, who was the prime sponsor
    of the bill, discusses  provisions including the requirement of
    Loran-C collision avoidance  devices  or  two  radars,  the traffic regula-
    tory capabilties under  the Department of Environmental  Conservation,
    the requirement of a Certificate of  Risk Avoidance, and the establishment
    of the Coastal  Protection Fund.


    79B-0662
    A SAFETY ANALYSIS OF THE FOREIGN TANKER BOARDING PROGRAM—JANUARY 1977
    THROUGH JUNE 1978
    Ecker, W.J., and R.J. Sancrant.   1979.
    1979 Oil  Spill  Conference  (Prevention, Behavior, Control .Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles,  19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 317-322.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Tanker, Ships,  Regulations,  Safety,  Ports,  USCG, Law enforcement,
    Statistics

    The US Coast Guard Foreign Tank Vessel  Examination Program is outlined.
    Data collected from over 3400 examinations  of  foreign flag ships calling
    at US Ports between January 1977 and June 1978 revealed that 74% of the
    total deficiencies found were attributable  to  tankers over 10 years  of
    age, and that these older vessels accounted for 55% of the vessels
    examined.  Deficiency data tabulated for vessels registered under the
    six most frequently examined flags for  3 successive 6-month periods
    indicated a decline in  the overall  number of deficiencies per examina-
    tion over the 3 periods, and attest  to  the  effectiveness of the program.
                                    132

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F.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL TRANSPORT, TRANSFER, AND STORAGE


    79B-0663
    TANKER SAFETY AND NAVIGATIONAL STANDARDS
    Gearin, L.F.   1977.
    Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute,  held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.   B.  Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 183-185.   (NTIS Report PB-277-060)
    Safety, Legislation, US, Tankers,  Pollution prevention, Compensation,
    Regulations

    The author provides  an industry viewpoint on  the safety of tankers and
    reviews US regulations on vessel safety,  oil pollution prevention  and
    compensation.


    79B-0664
    NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL TANKER STANDARDS
    Greenburg, E.V.C.  1977.
    Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute,  held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.   B.  Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 147-155.   (NTIS Report PB-277 060)
    Safety, Legislation, Regulations,  Tankers, Pollution prevention,  Guide-
    lines, US
    This paper discusses federal  legislation designed to create a sound
    marine transportation system, with emphasis on design,  construction,
    equipment, manning,  and  operation  standards.   Also examined are the laws'
    relationship to the international  agreement process, and its implementa-
    tion.


    79B-0665
    TANKER SAFETY AND NAVIGATION  IN ALASKA
    Hayes, J.B.  1977.
    Oil  and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and Oil  Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute,  held in Cordova,  Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.   B.  Melteff (ed.).   University of Alaska and  Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.  p. 135-145.   (NTIS Report PB-277 060)

    USCG, Tankers, Safety, US government,  Regulations,  Alaska, Law enforce-
    ment, *Vessel Traffic Service
    The author describes the US Coast  Guard's role in tanker safety and navi
    gation and  discusses recent  developments in  policy on a national  level.
    The Vessel Traffic Service which encompasses  Valdez, Prince William
    Sound, and the approaches to  Hinchinbrook, is also assessed.
                                    133

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F.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL TRANSPORT,  TRANSFER,  AND STORAGE


    6.   General  Aspects


    79B-0666
    PETROLEUM TRANSPORTATION AND PRODUCTION  - OIL  SPILL AND POLLUTION CONTROL
    Sittig,  M.   1978.
    Park Ridge,  New Jersey,  Noyes Data  Corporation,  1978.   viii  + 360 p.

    Oil  industry,  Pollution  control,  Equipment,  Drilling,  Oil  transport,
    Oil  transfer,  Storage,  Pipelines, Tankers,  Detection,  Spill  containment,
    Spill  removal,  Spill  disposal

    The title book  provides  a thorough  review of the equipment available  for
    control  of oil  spills and other  pollutants  in  the production, storage,
    and transportation of petroleum  products.   The chapter entitled "Oil
    Spills on Water" constitutes the  majority of the book  and includes sec-
    tions  on oil  spill  detection,  containment,  treatment,  removal,  and dis-
    posal  methods.   Manufacturer,  US  patent  number,  and inventor indexes
    are included.
                                    134

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G.  PETROLEUM AND  PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY  WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL

    1.   Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods


    79B-0667
    OIL CONTAINING  EFFLUENT TREATMENT BY GRAVITY  SEPARATION
    British Petroleum  Co.  Ltd.  1977.
    US Patent 4,105,553

    Wastewater treatment,  Oil-water separation, Gravity separation, Sludge,
    Reuse, Patent

    Oily wastewaters are treated by a method which  utilizes gravity separa-
    tion to yield  an oily fraction, a watery fraction,  and a wet,  oily sludge
    fraction; heating  and combining the oily phase  and  sludge,  and filtering
    the mixture  to  retain solids and to pass oil  and  water.  The oil  and
    water are again passed through a separator to recover a reusable oil
    fraction.
                      4,105,553
         OIL-CONTAINING EFFLUENT TREATMENT BY
                 GRAVITY SEPARATION
       Goy Franklin Oldham, London, England, assignor to The British
        Petroleum Company Limited, London, England
              FUed Mar. 30, 1577, Ser. No. 783,046
        Claims priority, application United Kingdom, Apr. 8, 1976,
       14294/76
                   Int CL2 B01D 23/00
       MS. CL 210—73 W                   5 Claims
    79B-0668
    EFFECTIVENESS OF A  LARGE-SCALE BALLAST TREATMENT PROCESS
    Lysyi, I., R. Rushworth,  R.  Melvold, and J. Farlow.   1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup),  Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March  1979.   Washington, DC, American  Petroleum Institute,
    1979, p. 133-137.   (API  Publication No. 4308)

    Ballast, Oil removal,  Wastewater treatment, Monitoring, Analytical
    techniques, Gravity separation, Flocculation, Hydrocarbons,  Aromatic
    hydrocarbons, Alaska

    A study was conducted  at  the ballast treatment facility in  Port Valdez,
    Alaska, to assess 1)  the  effectiveness of petroleum removal  from ballast
    water, 2) the nature  of  the  chemical changes in the process  stream,  and
    3) the suitability  of  various analytical techniques for monitoring  plant
    operation and measuring  final  effluent quality.  Results  indicate that,
    although 99% of the petroleum is removed by gravity separation, the  treat-
    ment process changes  the  chemical  composition of organics in the treated
    effluent so that  the   standard methods for monitoring  the effluent quality
    are rendered inadequate.   Significant quantities of volatile hydrocarbons
    and petroleum nonhydrocarbons are  discharged daily into Port Valdez  Harbor
    as a result.

                                     135

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G.  PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL
    79B-0669
    WASHINGTON STATE REFINERIES:   PETROLEUM, PETROLEUM DERIVATIVES AND WASTE-
    WATER EFFLUENT CHARACTERISTICS
    Oceanographic Institute of Washington.   1976.
    Final report, Contract NOAA-03-6-022-35189.   _ p.  Seattle, Oceanographic
    Institute of Washington, 1976.  (NOAA/ERL/MESA Technical  Memorandum)

    Crude oil, Petroleum products, Refineries, Wastewaters, Chemical analysis,
    Disposal, Puget Sound, Washington
    The types of petroleum products and their derivatives which could poten-
    tially reach the waters of Puget Sound  are described.  Included is a
    summary of available information on the chemical  characteristics, amounts
    processed, and final disposal  of crude  oils, refined petroleum products,
    and wastewater effluents associated with the Puget Sound refineries.
    79B-0670
    MODERN POLLUTION CONTROL TECHNOLOGY.   VOL.  II
    Research and Education Association.   1977.
    New York, Research and Education Association, 1977.  1009 p.

    Refineries, Petrochemicals,  Pollution control, Economics, Equipment,
    Wastewater treatment,  Solid  wastes,  Disposal
    This volume deals with water pollution control and solid waste disposal
    and is part of a two-volume  review of state-of-the-art technology in the
    field of modern pollution control.  The technical  and economic feasibil-
    ity of current and planned processes and equipment are compared and
    assessed.  Many of the 43 chapters cover topics of relevance to the
    oil production, refining, and petrochemicals  industry.


    79B-0671
    BIODISPOSAL FARMING OF REFINERY OILY WASTES
    Weldon, R.A.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control, Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.  Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 609-614.  (API Publication No. 4308)

    Waste oil, Disposal, Land farming, Sludge, Biodegradation

    A study on a land fanning technique developed by Suntech, Inc. was under-
    taken in 1976 at three locations in the US.  This paper presents the
    results obtained at the Toledo, Ohio site during the first 2 years.
    Sludge applied at a rate of >1000 bbl per acre per year yielded biode-
    gradation rates of 75-80%.  Buildup and migration of waste constituents
    were also examined, and the results are reported.
                                     136

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G.  PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL  INDUSTRY  WASTE TREATMENT AND  DISPOSAL
    2.  Oil-Water Separation
    79B-0672
    METHOD OF  REMOVING OIL FROM WATER
    Exxon Production Research Co.  1978.
    US Patent  4,123,354
    Oil-water  separation, Platforms, Sorbents, Absorption,  Patent,  *Sorbent
    endless cord

    The oil-water mixture produced  on  an  offshore platform  is  injected down-
    ward into  a  partially submerged vertical  pipe adjacent  to  the platform.
    An endless oleophilic fibrous  cord is passed through the mixture to
    selectively  contact and absorb  the oil.   Collected oil  is  removed at
    the surface, and the cord is returned to  the lower end  of  the pipe for
    renewed contact with the oil-water mixture.
                    4,123,354
        METHOD OF REMOVING OIL FROM WATER
     Robert E. Williams, Houston, Tex., assignor to Exxon Produc-
      tion Research Company, Houston, Tex.
             Filed Nov. 7, 1977, Ser. No. 849,158
               Int. CL2 BS1D 15/00, 33/14
     U.S. CL 210—40                     6 Claims
    3.  Waste  Oil  Reclamation and  Reuse
    79B-0673
    RECYCLE USED MOTOR OIL
    American  Petroleum Institute.   1979.
    Washington,  DC, American  Petroleum Institute Marketing  Department, 1979.
    22  p.
    Crankcase oil, Waste oil, Reclamation, Recycling,  Conservation, Reuse
                                      137

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G.   PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL
    "This manual  outlines a detailed program for the collection and recycling
    of used motor oil  generated by the motorist who drains his own oil.  An
    effective program  to collect this used oil  requires a broadbased collec-
    tion system and an effective public education campaign to make the con-
    sumer aware of the magnitude of the environmental  problem.  The solution
    to this problem will  bring about a cleaner  environment and the conser-
    vation of a valuable resource."
    4.   Legal  and Regulatory Aspects


        [No  entries.]
                                   138

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H.  MISCELLANEOUS


    79B-0674
    ENVIRONMENTAL INDICES
    Inhaber, H.   1976.
    New York, John Wiley & Sons, 1976.   xiv + 178 p.

    Environmental effects, Detection, Sources

    Summary not available,  [possibly oil  pollution related]
    [from Water, Air, and Soil  Pollution 8(4):488.   19771


    79B-0675
    A SUMMARY OF ACCIDENTS RELATED TO NON-NUCLEAR ENERGY
    Mitre Corporation.   1977.
    Mitre Corporation Report M76-88, Contract EPA-68-01-3188.   19 p.
    (NTIS Report PB-271  506/8ST.)
    Exploration, Production, Oil transport, Storage,  Pipelines,  Refineries,
    Oil shale, Oil spills, Offshore development, *Accidents
    "This report summarizes the accidents  and unscheduled  events which may
    occur during the extraction, production, transportation,  and utiliza-
    tion of non-nuclear energy technologies."  Included  are oil  spills
    and other accidents involving oil storage, pipelines,  refineries,  off-
    shore sites and exploration.
    [from Report NTIS/PS-78/0179.  p. 9.  1978]


    79B-0676
    BETWEEN A DAM AND A HARD SPOT
    Morrison, C.D.  1979.
    1979 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,  Cleanup), Los
    Angeles, 19-22 March 1979.   Washington, DC, American Petroleum Institute,
    1979.  p. 407-410.   API Publication No. 4308)
    Ships, Rivers, Ice,  Pollution prevention, *Accidents,  *0hio  River

    The development of an ice gorge in  the Ohio River during  the most  severe
    Ohio winter in history, and the eventual breakage of the  gorge,  on 27
    January 1978, caused a number of towboats and barges to be either  swept
    over the Markland Locks and Dam or  to  become lodged  against  it,  present-
    ing a major pollution and explosion threat.  The  events following  the
    gorge break and the measures taken  to  avert a potential disaster are
    related in this paper.  Although the incident resulted in  the discharge
    of 1000 gal  of gasoline and the sinking of several  vessels,  injury and
    death were prevented by the cooperative efforts of the responding
    agencies.
                                    139

-------
H.   MISCELLANEOUS
    79B-0677
    COMPARATIVE BACTERIOLOGICAL VALORIZATION OF POLLUTION AND SOME DURABLE
    POLLUTANTS OF SEAWATER IN EASTERN REGION OF ADRIATIC COAST FOR PERIOD
    1970-1973
    Pavletic, Z., B.  Stilinovic,  I.  Munjko,  and S.  Sobot.  1976.
    Acta Adriatica 17(8):28 p.
    Contaminants, Seawater, Bacteria, Coastal  waters, *Adriatic Sea,
    Valorization
    Summary not available,  [possibly oil  pollution related]

    [from Marine Pollution Research  Titles 4(9):#1568.  1977]


    79B-0678
    CITIZEN PARTICIPATION:  THE ROLE OF THE RADICAL SKEPTIC
    Tupper, F.  1977.
    Oil and Aquatic Ecosystems, Tanker Safety, and  Oil Pollution Liability.
    Proceedings of the Cordova Fisheries Institute, held in Cordova, Alaska
    on April 1-3, 1977.  B. Melteff  (ed.).  University of Alaska and Alaska
    Sea Grant Program, Report 77-8.   p. 197-202.  (NTIS Report PB-277-060)

    Ecosystems, Environmental protection,  Oil  transport, Resource management,
    Coastal zone management, Alaska, *Public participation

    The author discusses the threat  to the Alaskan  coastal marine ecosystem
    and the Alaskan residents'  basic lifestyle, posed by the prospect of
    increased oil activities, specifically tanker traffic.  Various relevant
    issues of consequence to the environmental quality of the region are
    presented, and a  case is made for public scrutiny and participation in
    resource decisionmaking.
    79B-0679
    DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM-!977
    US Department of Energy.   1978.
    Report DOE/EV-0015.   xi + 149 p.

    Pollution control, Wastewater treatment, Development, Oil shale, *Research
    projects

    This document contains summaries of research projects in progress during
    the fiscal year 1977 under the title program.  Areas covered include
    petroleum and gas, and oil shale.
                                    140

-------
H.   MISCELLANEOUS


    79B-0680
    A SUMMARY OF KNOWLEDGE OF THE CENTRAL AND NORTHERN CALIFORNIA COASTAL
    ZONE AND OFFSHORE AREAS.  VOLUME 1.  PHYSICAL CONDITIONS.  BOOK 1
    Winzler and Kelly.  1977.
    NTIS Report PB-274 210/4ST.   Contract DI-AA550-CT6-52.  402 p. Final
    report.

    Pacific coast, OCS, Offshore development, California, Bibliographies,
    *Environmental information,  *Literature review

    A comprehensive literature survey with a bibliography of over 12,000
    entries is presented on the  existing knowledge in physical  and biological
    sciences and the existing socioeconomic and cultural  conditions of the
    coastal areas from Ventura County to the Oregon border, inclusive  of the
    northern Channel Islands. Environmental information,  ongoing research,
    and recommendations for further research are included,  [possibly  oil
    pollution related]

    [from Report NTIS/PS-78/0179.  p. 2.  1978]
                                    141

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                            SECTION II

                    CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
Title, contract information, and a summary of project  objectives
are provided in each entry.  Sources of project  information
include:  The Smithsonian Science Information Exchange (SSIE);
API Environmental Research Annual Status Report; Maritime
Research Information Service Abstracts; Scientific  and Technical
Aerospace Reports; Department of Environment, Canada,  Spill
Technology Newsletter; Northwest and Alaska Fisheries  Center
Monthly Report; and written inquiries to organizations and
researchers.  Current status information and publications
resulting from the projects are presented when such information
is available from the principal investigators or performing
organizations.  The source of status information is given at  the
end of each entry.

Entries are grouped according to subject and then ordered
sequentially with a citation number 79B-R	.  Some of the
projects listed in previous Oil PolJution Abstracts were recently
renewed.  These projects are relisted with a current serial
number, followed by the original number in parentheses.  To
locate the original entry, refer to the following list:
Citation Numbers
Dates Covered
Report Number
R-001-74
R-166-74
R-245-74
R-269-74
R-269-75
R-001-76
R-036-76
R-064-76
R-124-76
R-001-77
R-023-77
R-040-77
R-076-77
R-001-78
R-021-78
R-058-78
R-151-78
79A-R001
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
R-165-74
R-244-74
R-268-74
R-342-74
R-304-75
R-035-76
R-063-76
R 123-76
R-175-76
R-022-77
R-039-77
R-075-77
R-096-77
R-020-78
R-057-78
R-150-78
R-200-78
79A-R009
July
Nov -
Feb.
May
Aug .
Nov .
Feb.
May
Aug .
Nov -
Feb.
May
Aug .
5(1) Nov .
5(2) Feb.
5(3) Jun.
5(4) Oct.
6(1) Jan.
74
74
75
75
75
75
76
76
76
76
77
77
77
77
78
78
78
79
- Oct.
- Feb.
- Apr .
- July
- Oct.
- Jan .
- Apr .
- July
- Oct.
- Jan .
- Apr .
- July
- Oct.
- Jan .
- May
- Sep.
- Dec .
- Mar.
74
75
75
75
75
76
76
76
76
77
77
77
77
78
78
78
78
79
EPA-670/2-75-003
EPA-670/2-75-044
EPA-670/2-75-059
EPA-600/2-76-129
EPA-600/2-76-113
EPA-600/2-76-185
EPA-600/2-76-215
EPA-600/2-76-266
EPA-600/2-77-037
EPA-600/2-77-075
EPA-600/2-77-111
EPA-600/2-77-243
EPA-600/2-78-005
EPA-600/2-78-071
EPA-600/7-78-160
EPA-600/7-78-218
EPA-600/7-79-040
EPA-600/
                               142

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS

A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION

    1.   Detection and Monitoring


    79B-R010
    NAVY ENVIRONMENT:  DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENZYMIC ELECTRODE OIL IN WATER DETECTOR
    Principal Investigator:   Find!, E.
    Performing Organization:  BioResearch, Inc., 315 Smith St., Farmingdale,
                              NY  11735
    Supporting Organization:  US  Dept. of Defense, Navy, Office of Naval
                              Research, 800 N. Quincy Ave., Arlington, VA
                              22217.  Contract N00014-78-C-0230
    Period:                   3/78 - 12/78
    Funds:                    $40,000 FY 78
    Detection, Hydrocarbons, Bilges, Wastewaters, Pollution control, Bacteria,
    *Enzyme electrode
    This research was undertaken to develop a hydrocarbon dioxygenase electrode
    oil-in-water sensor capable of detecting low concentrations (15-100 ppm)
    of petroleum hydrocarbons in bilge water.

    [from SSIE No. GQN-875240]
    Status:  A dual electrode oil-in-water sensor has been designed and con-
    structed.  Suspensions of naphthalene-grown Pseudomonas putida were placed
    in front of the electrode membrane of a commercial  oxygen probe.  Preliminary
    tests indicated a high endogenous respiration and relatively low enzyme
    activity of the bacterial cells.
         Reports and Publications
         DEVELOPMENT OFAN ENZYMIC ELECTRODE OIL IN WATER SENSOR
         Cundell, A.M., N.J. Patni, and E. Find!.  1979.
         Report ER-013179.  Final Report.
    Information Source:  E. Find!, address above.


    79B-R011 (R-176-78)
    BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF ENVIRONMENTAL INSULTS TO AQUATIC RESOURCES
    Principal Investigator:   Mayer, F.L.
    Performing Organization:  US Dept. of the Interior, Fish & Wildlife Service,
                              Division of Fishery Ecology Research, Route 1,
                              Columbia, MO  65201
    Supporting Organization:  Same
    Period:                   10/77 - Cont.
    Funds:                    $157,691  FY 79
    Bioindicators, Monitoring, Contamination, Biological effects

    Objectives include the following:  1) To extend the monitoring concept to
    include biological approaches to measure the status of aquatic resources;
    2)  to develop useful biological indicators of habitat quality for inter-
    preting and predicting the resource status; 3) to investigate response
                                     143

-------
CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    profiles of individual  organisms and whole communities to representative
    contaminants;  4)  to apply indicators and profiles developed to field
    monitoring programs of  the Field Research Units through the Field Re-
    search Coordination Unit; 5)  to provide the Field Research Coordination
    Unit and Field Research Units with the technical capacity for detection
    and analysis of present and future contaminant effects on aquatic re-
    sources.
    [from SSIE No. ZUV-291-1]
    79B-R012 (R-099-78)
    NAVY ENVIRONMENT:   BACTERIAL CHEMOTAXIS AS
    LUTION
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization
                                A BIOINDICATOR OF MARINE POL-
               Mitchell,  R., and G.
               Harvard University,
                     McKay
                     School  of Engineering,
    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
               Cambridge Station,  Cambridge, MA  02138
               US Dept.  of Defense, Navy, Office of Naval Re-
               search,  800 N.  Quincy St., Arlington, VA  22217.
               Contract DN923411
               6/69 - Cont.
               $25,000 FY 79
    Bioindicators, Microorganisms, Bacteria, Biological effects, Sublethal
    effects, Marine environment, *Chemotaxis

    Laboratory and field studies are being conducted to determine the effect
    of  sublethal concentrations of pollutants on marine microbial processes.
    Inhibition of bacterial  chemotaxis by chloramines, the relationship be-
    tween chemoreceptor blockage by pollutants and retardation of organic mat-
    ter  decomposition,  and pollution-induced microbial diseases of coral are
    being investigated.

    [from SSIE No. GQN-923411-9]
    79B-R013
    WATER QUALITY INSTRUMENT
    Principal Investigator:
    Performing Organization:
    Supporting
    Period:
    Funds:
Organization:
DEVELOPMENT
 Pijanowski, B.
 US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Office of Ocean
 Engineering, Manned Undersea Science & Technology
 Office, Rockville, MD  20852
 Same
 1978 - N/A
 $53,000 FY 78
    Monitoring, Detection, Equipment, Analytical techniques, Surveillance
                                     144

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    This project is developing improved instrumentation for long-term monitor-
    ing of dissolved oxygen, automated  in-situ measurement of trace metals
    in marine waters, and sensors for detection of oil  presence in surface
    waters.
    [from SSIE No. ZPB-1685]
    79B-R014 (R-069-78)
    OIL IN WATER TECHNOLOGY
    Principal Investigator:
    Performing Organization:

    Supporting Organization:

    Period:
    Funds:
  Venezky, D.L.
  US Dept. of Defense, Navy, Naval  Research Lab.,
  Washington, DC, 20375
  US Dept. of Defense,  Navy, Naval  Supply
  Systems Command, Washington, DC  20376
  2/75 - Cont.
  N/A
    Hydrocarbons, Contaminants, Detection, Source identification, Analytical
    techniques
    In order to maintain naval expertise in the area of oil-in-water detection
    and assaying, the Naval Research Laboratory has participated in reviewing
    and evaluating test methods which are submitted or proposed to the American
    Society for Testing and Materials Committee D-19 and its task group on oil/
    grease in water.  Oil and grease components are being identified and
    methods developed to distinguish between soluble non-ionic hydrocarbons
    and soluble ionic organic constituents in water.

    [from SSIE No. ZQN-580168-3]
    2.  Remote Sensing
    79B-R015
    RADAR DISCRIMINATION OF
    Principal Investigator:
    Performing Organization:
    Supporting Agency:

    Period:
    Funds:
OIL SPILLS
  Moore, R.K.
and Y.S. Yu.
  Remote Sensing Laboratory, University of Kansas
  Center for Research, Inc., 2291 Irving Hill Rd..
  Lawrence, KS  66045
  National  Aeronautics & Space Admin., Langley
  Research  Center, Hampton, VA.  Grant NSG 1554
  7/78 - 12/79
  $38,713
    Remote sensing, Oil spills, Monitoring, Detection, *Radar
                                     145

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


    Project objectives are to 1)  experimentally ascertain the contrast between
    oil-covered and oil-free water with radar over a frequency range of 8-18
    GHz and an angle range of 20°-70° from vertical, 2) determine the resolu-
    tion required for oil-spill  monitoring by use of degraded synthetic aperture
    radar images and simulation,  and 3) formulate recommendations on spaceborne
    radar monitoring systems for oil spills.

    Status:  Preliminary wind tank measurements have been made and simulation
    studies for resolution are in progress.   An orbit study for the oil spill
    radar has been completed.  The system design will be based on similar
    work done for ice monitoring.

    Information Source:   R.K. Moore, address  above.


    79B-R016
    MORPHOLOGY OF BEAUFORT, CHUKCHI, AND BERING SEA NEAR SHORE ICE CONDITION
    BY MEANS OF SATELLITE AND AERIAL REMOTE  SENSING
    Principal Investigator:   Stringer, W.J.
    Performing Organization:  University of  Alaska,  Geophysical  Inst.,
                              Fairbanks, AK   99701
    Supporting Organization:  US  Dept.  of the Interior, BLM,  19th & C Sts.
                              N.W., Washington, DC  20240
    Period:                   1975 - 1978
    Funds:                     $49,870 FY 78

    Remote sensing, Ice, Behavior, Baseline  studies, Design-engineering,  Spill
    response, Development, Beaufort Sea, Alaska

    This study is developing a morphology of nearshore ice conditions along
    ice-frequented portions of the Alaska coast.  Sea-ice behavior data de-
    rived will provide a degree of predictability in terms of offshore sea-
    ice hazards to oil  and gas development,  thus allowing for development of
    various design and construction criteria, oil  spill management criteria
    and guidelines, and  spill cleanup techniques.

    [from SSIE No. GUK-212]
                                     146

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    3.   Sampling and Analysis
    79B-R017
    OIL SPILL AGING TESTS
    Principal Investigator:
    Performing Organization:
    Supporting
    Period:
    Funds:
    Oil
           Organization:
Hovis, W.A., and J. Knoll
US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, National Environ-
ment Satellite Experiment Lab., 14th St. at
Constitution Ave. N.W., Washington, DC 20233
Same
3/78 - 3/79
$37,000 FY 78
    o .                     -p j/ , uuu r i  / o

    spills, Crude oil, Analytical techniques, Remote sensing, Detection,
    eillance, Monitoring, Weathering, *Aging
    Surveillance
    The optical  spectra of various crude oils as a function of aging will
    be determined under simulated ocean conditions.  The results will  be used
    in analysis  of remotely sensed data from spacecraft for oil  spill  location
    and monitoring.  Optical  signatures will be collected with a scanning  mono-
    chromator and a radiometer.  Data will  be collected for one week as the
    oil samples  age.  Measured reflectances will be used to determine how  to
    best process data from aircraft or satellite spill  observation.
    [from SSIE No. ZBP-1647]
    79B-R018
    CHEMICAL ANALYTICAL SCAN
    Principal Investigator:
    Performing Organization:
    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
                         OF PUGET SOUND SEDIMENTS
                          Macleod, W.
                          US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, National  Marine Fish
                          Northwest & Alaska Fisheries Center,  2725 Mont-
                          lake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA  98112
                          US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Environmental Re-
                          search Labs., Marine Ecosystems Analysis Pro-
                          grams Office, 325 Broadway, E.  University
                          Campus Research, Boulder, CO  80302
                          5/78   1/80
                          $24,500 FY 78
                                        Chemical  analysis, Aromatic hydro-
Contaminants, Detection, Sediments,
carbons, Puget Sound, Washington
Selected sites in Puget Sound where suspected water and sediment quality
problems exist will  be examined for contaminants of special  concern to
the marine ecosystem.  These include contaminants known to be toxic,  per-
sistent, bioaccumulative and/or present in high enough concentrations to
be harmful to living components of the ecosystem; 20 metals  and a minimum
of 45 compounds including saturated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons,
and synthetic industrial organic compounds will be analyzed  in sediment
samples.
[from SSIE No. ZBP-1626]
                                 147

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    79B-R019
    PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON ANALYSIS OF MARINE SYSTEMS
    Principal Investigator:    Rogerson,  P.,  J.  Lake, and C.  Norwood
    Performing Organization:   US Environmental  Protection Agency, Office of
                              R&D, Environmental  Research Lab., S. Ferry Rd.,
                              Narragansett,  RI   02882
    Supporting Organization:   Same
    Period:                    1/75 - 12/81
    Funds:                     $128,000 FY 78
    Analytical techniques, Hydrocarbons, Sediments, GC/MS, Chromatography,
    Marine environment
    Techniques to measure various classes of petroleum hydrocarbons in marine
    systems are being developed and applied.  Tissues and sediments are col-
    lected and extracted with organic solvents.   Sample cleanup and fraction-
    ation is by column chromatography with analysis by capillary column gas
    Chromatography and GC/MS.

    [from SSIE No. ZMA-1665]
    4.  Source Identification
    79B-R020 (R-5-76)
    OIL IDENTIFICATION
    Principal Investigator:   Coleman, H.J.
    Performing Organization:  US Department of Energy, Bartlesville Energy
                              Research Center, P.O. Box 1398, Bartlesville,
                              OK  74003
    Supporting Organization:  US Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy,
                              Washington, DC
    Period:                   7/71  - 10/81
    Funds:                    N/A

    Source identification, Crude oil, Hydrocarbons, Analytical techniques,
    Spectrometry, Chromatography, *IR

    Objectives of this project are to determine, measure and computerize
    distinctive properties of crude oil and crude oil residues for improved
    oil fingerprinting and identification.

    [from SSIE No. DS-324]
                                     148

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    79B-R021
    AN INVESTIGATION INTO HAZARDOUS PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM PETROLEUM SOURCE
    AND URBAN RUNOFF
                              Faust, S.D., and W.H. Clement
                              Rutgers the State University of New Jersey,
                              Graduate School, Old Queens Bldg., New Bruns-
                              wick, NJ  08903
                              US Dept. of the Interior, Office of Water Re-
                              search and Technology, 18th and C Sts. N.W.,
                              Washington, DC  20240
                              10/78 - 1/81
                              $24,756 FY 79
Principal  Investigator:
Performing Organization:
Supporting Organization:
Period:
Funds:
    Source identification, Estuaries, Sediments, Oil discharges, Delaware,
    *Phenolic compounds, *Urban runoff

    This project will identify the specific phenolic compounds in the Delaware
    estuary waters and sediments in order to establish the extent to which
    urban runoff, petroleum  and other sources contribute to their occurrence.
    Identification of specific phenols should lead to their ultimate control
    and elimination.
    [from SSIE No. GUY-1427]
                                     149

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL

    1.   Containment


    79B-R022
    PERFORMANCE TESTING—INLAND/HARBOR EQUIPMENT PHASE II
    Principal  Investigator:    Ackerman, R.
    Performing Organization:  Mason & Hanger-Silas Mason Co., Inc., PO Box 117,
                              Leonardo, NJ   07737
    Supporting Organization:  US Environmental  Protection Agency, Office of
                              R&D, Industrial  Environmental Research Lab.,
                              555 Ridge Ave.,  Cincinnati, OH  45268.  Contract
                              68-03-2642
    Period:                   1/78 - 12/78
    Funds:                    $40,000 FY 78

    Spill containment, Booms, Sorbents, EPA, *Performance testing, *OHMSETT
    facility
    The project objectives were performance evaluations of selected sorbent
    booms and a spill  gellation process.  Performance tests were conducted
    at EPA's OHMSETT facility.

    [from SSIE No. GMA-5453]
    Status:  The project has been completed.

         Reports and Publications

         PERFORMANCE TESTING OF SELECTED SORBENT BOOMS
         Smith, G.F.  1978.
         Report EPA-600/7-78-219.  35 p.

         DEPLOYMENT OF CONFIGURATION TESTING FOR IMPROVED OIL CONTAINMENT
         BY SELECTED SORBENT BOOMS
         Smith, G.F. 1979.
         Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1979.  In press.

    Information Source:   G.F. Smith, Mason  & Hanger-Silas Mason Co., Inc.,
    P.O.Box 117, Leonardo, NJ  07737.
                                     150

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    79B-R023
    PERFORMANCE TESTING OF AIR JET BOOM
    Principal  Investigator:   Ackerman, R.
    Performing Organization
    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
                          Mason & Hanger-Silas Mason Co., Inc., PO Box 117,
                          Leonardo, NJ  07737
                          US Environmental  Protection Agency, Office of
                          R&D, Industrial  Environmental  Research Lab.,
                          5555 Ridge Ave.,  Cincinnati, OH  45268.   Contract
                          68-03-2642.
                          8/77 - 12/80
                          $40,000 FY 78
                                              *Performance testing, *Air
Spill  containment, Booms, Equipment, EPA.
jet boom, *OHMSETT facility
A performance evaluation of a full-size air jet boom was made at EPA's
OHMSETT test facility.
[from SSIE No. 5454]
Status:  The project has been completed and a report is being prepared.

     Reports and Publications
     DESIGN, FABRICATION AND TESTING OF THE AIR JET OIL BOOM
     Cohen, S.H.  (In preparation).
     Cincinnati, Ohio, US Environmental Protection Agency,  1978.
Information Source:   G.F. Smith, Mason & Hanger-Silas Mason Co., Inc.,
PO Box 117, Leonardo, NJ  07737.
    2.  Cleanup and Removal
    79B-R024
    FIELD TESTS OF OIL SPILL CLEANUP EQUIPMENT
    Principal Investigator:   Maxwell, R.D., J.S. Farlow, J. Getman, and
                              J.E. Wilson
    Performing Organization:  US Environmental Protection Agency
                              US Dept. of Energy, Division of Environmental
                              Control Technology, Washington, DC  20545.
                              Contract ERDA-EE-77-A-28-3235
                              1977
                              N/A
Supporting Organization:
Period:
Funds:
    Spill cleanup, Skimmers, Booms, Equipment, DOE, EPA, *Performance testing,
    *OHMSETT facility
                                     151

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    "The objective of this study is to achieve participation with other govern'
    ment agencies as a Joint Committee to acquire objective knowledge of oil
    spill  control devices available."  Four devices were selected for testing
    and evaluation at EPA's OHMSETT facility.
    Status:   Testing of three of the four cleanup devices was completed and
    the fourth was to have been tested in 1978.   A final  report is in pre-
    paration.
    [from Division of Environmental Control  Technology Program-1977.  US
    Department of Energy, 1978.  Report DOE/EV-0015.   p.  40-41]


    79B-R025 (R-141-78)
    ASSESSMENT OF PRACTICALITY OF OIL SPILL  TREATMENT
    Principal Investigator:   Wilson, M.P.
    Performing Organization:  University of  Rhode Island, School of Engin-
                              eering, Administration  Bldg., Kingston, RI 02881
    Supporting Organization:  US Dept. of Energy, Division of Environmental
                              Control  Technology, Washington, DC  20545.
                              Contract EY-76-S-02-4047
    Period:                    6/76 - 6/79
    Funds:                    $400,000 FY 77
    Dispersants, Oil spills, Spill cleanup

    Mathematical, laboratory-scale, meso-scale,  and in situ experiments will
    be conducted to determine the practicability and  feasibility of treating
    oil spills with dispersants.

    [from SSIE No. DN-1225]

    Status:   The literature search and background study have been completed,
    and the  meso-scale tests were to have been completed by June 1978.
         Reports and Publications

         ASSESSMENT OF TREATED VS UNTREATED  OIL  SPILLS
         Wilson, M.P.  1978.
         Report HCP/W4047-02.  Interim report.  410 p.

         THE SPREADING, RETENTION AND CLEAN-UP OF OIL SPILLS
         Wilson, M.P.  1978.
         Report HCP/P2756-01.  126 p.

    Information Source:  J.M. Cece, US Department of  Energy, Division of
    Environmental Control Technology, Washington, DC   20545.
                                     152

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


    3.   Personnel  Training


    79B-R026
    USER'S MANUAL  FOR OIL SPILL CLEANUP PRIORITIES
    Principal  Investigator:   Byroade, J.D.
    Performing Organization:  Versar, Inc., 6621 Electronic Dr.,
                              Springfield, VA  22151
    Supporting Organization:  Rockwell International, Environmental Monitoring
                              & Services Center, 2421 W. Hillcrest Dr.,
                              Newbury Park, CA  91320.
                              Contract N8520034SP
    Period:                   9/78 - 8/79
    Funds:                    $97,861

    Personnel  training, Manuals, Spill response, Spill cleanup
    The project objective is the development of a field manual for use by
    federally designated on-scene coordinators to assist them in establishing
    protection and cleanup priorities during all phases of oil spill response.
    Status:  A Program Plan was completed in November 1978 and a draft manual
    is to have been completed July 1, 1979.
    Information Source:  J.D. Byroade, address above.


    79B-R027
    NATIONAL OIL SPILL CONTROL SCHOOL
    Principal  Investigator:   Gilchrist, R.
    Performing Organization:  Texas A&I University, Corpus Christi, School
                              of Science & Technology, 6300 Ocean Dr.,
                              Corpus Christi, TX  78411
    Supporting Organization:  US Dept. of Energy, Division of Environmental
                              Control Technology, Washington, DC  20545
    Period:                   4/77 - 4/78
    Funds:                    N/A
                                                              Spill cleanup,
Personnel  training, Contingency planning, Spill  response,
Pollution  prevention, Pollution control
"The curriculum developed during Phase I emphasizes the current 'state-of-
the art'  of oil spill control  as practiced throughout the nation and for
the contingency planning necessary to improve the nation's readiness to
react to  oil  spills.  The training program provided will  furnish a man-
power base to local communities to respond to emergencies caused by oil
spills and to develop contingency plans for dealing with problems of oil
spills.  The proposed schedule for the academic year 1977-78 will  consist
of five practice sessions with selected students to test the curriculum plus
fourteen,  five-day class sessions."
[from SSIE No. DN-963]

                                 153

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


    4.  Contingency Planning and Spill  Response


    79B-RQ28
    SPILLED OIL RESEARCH TEAM
    Principal  Investigator:    Kennedy,  D.
    Performing Organization:  US Dept.  of Commerce, NOAA, Environmental
                              Research  Labs.,  Boulder, CO  80302
    Supporting Organization:  US Dept.  of the  Interior, BLM, 19th and C Sts.
                              N.W.,  Washington, DC  20240
    Period:                   1978 - N/A
    Funds:                     $150,000  FY 78

    Spill response, Information systems, Behavior, Spill  trajectories,
    Physical effects,  Fate,  Chemical effects,  Chemical analysis, Biological
    effects, *Scientific response
    Topics  of investigation  include  trajectories,  physical  processes, chemical
    fate studies, and  coordination of biological  studies  with chemical analyses

    [from SSIE No.  GUK-235]
    5.  General  Prevention and Control  Measures
    79B-R029 (R-086-78)
    ENVIRONMENTAL SUPPORT TECHNOLOGY:   INTERFACE CHEMISTRY IN THE MARINE
    ENVIRONMENT AND ITS  EFFECT ON NAVAL OPERATIONS
    Principal  Investigator:    Garrett,  W.D., and W.R.  Barger
    Performing Organization:   US Dept.  of Defense, Navy, Naval  Research Lab.,
                              Washington, DC  20375
    Supporting Organization:   Same
    Period:                    11/69 -  Cont.
    Funds:                     N/A

    Sea surface, USN,  Ships,  Pollution  control, *Air-sea interface

    Objectives of the  project are to enhance naval operations by chemical
    modification of the  air-sea interface, to evaluate the role of natural,
    artificial  and pollutant  surface films on air-sea interactions, and to
    determine  the influence of organic  films on atmospheric processes.  Based
    on laboratory, test  tank  and field  experiments, surface-active chemicals
    have been  selected for use as sea markers to control oil  pollution at
    naval  ship installations, and for  other purposes.
    [from SSIE No. ZQN-20190-5]
                                     154

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


C.  ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF OIL POLLUTION

    1.   Biological  Aspects
    79B-R030 (R-086-77)
    LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF OIL
    Principal Investigator:
    Performing Organization:

    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
ON MARINE COMMUNTIES AND ASSOCIATED
 Anderson, J.W., R.M. Bean, and R.G.
 Battelle Memorial Inst., Rte. 5 Box
 Sequim, WA  98382
 US Environmental Protection Agency,
 of Energy, Minerals & Industry, 401
 Washington, DC  20460.
 Contract TOO 751 77BCF-EHA540-M2
 1974 - 1979
 $190,000 FY 77
ORGANISMS
 Riley
1000,

 Office
 M St.,
    Crude oil, Hydrocarbons, Concentrations, Biological  effects, Chronic
    effects, Marine organisms, Uptake, Release, Growth,  Sediments,  Eco-
    systems, Pacific coast
    Laboratory and field studies are being conducted to  assess the  effects
    of Prudhoe Bay crude oil extracts on and define concentrations  harmful
    to organisms and communities from northwest US coastal ecosystems exposed
    to oiled water or sediments for periods of months.

    [from SSIE No. GMA-5360]
    Status:  Project milestones for 1979 include determination of the relation-
    ship between cumulative  effects and tissue content, and determination of
    the effects of oiled sediments on tissue content and growth of clams  after
    long-term field exposure.
         Reports and Publications
         RESPONSES TO SUBLETHAL LEVELS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS:  ARE THEY
         SENSITIVE INDICATORS AND DO THEY CORRELATE WITH TISSUE CONTAMINA-
         TION?
         Anderson, J.W.  1977.
         Fate and Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Ecosystems  and
         Organisms.  D.A. Wolfe (ed.).  New York, Pergamon Press, 1977.
         p. 95-114.
         PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESSES AND RESPONSE IN CHRONICALLY OILED ORGANISMS
         Anderson, J.W., and D.C. Malins.  1978.
         Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 35(5):679-680.
                                     155

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
         BIOAVAILABILITY  OF SEDIMENT-SORBED NAPHTHALENES TO THE SIPUNCULID
         WORM,  PHASCOLOSQMA  AGASSIZII
         Anderson,  J.W.,  L.J.  Moore,  J.W.  Blaylock,  D.L. Woodruff,  and S.L.
         Kiesser.   1977.
         Fate and  Effects of Petroleum  Hydrocarbons  in  Marine Ecosystems  and
         Organisms.   D.A. Wolfe (ed.).   New York,  Pergamon Press,  1977.
         p.  276-285.

         RECRUITMENT  OF BENTHIC  ANIMALS AS A FUNCTION OF PETROLEUM  HYDROCARBON
         CONCENTRATIONS IN THE SEDIMENT
         Anderson,  J.W.,  R.G.  Riley,  and R.M.  Bean.   1978.
         Journal of the Fisheries  Research Board  of  Canada  35(5):776-790.

         APPLICATION  OF TRACE  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES  TO  A STUDY OF HYDROCARBON
         COMPOSITION  UPON DISPERSION  OF PETROLEUM IN A  FLOWING SEAWATER SYSTEM
         Bean,  R.M.,  J.W. Blaylock, and R.G.  Riley.   1978.
         Paper presented  at the  Symposium on Analytical  Chemistry of Petroleum
         Hydrocarbons in  the Marine/Aquatic Environment, Miami Beach,  10-15
         September 1978.

         FATE OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS IN CONTROLLED ECOSYSTEM
         ENCLOSURES
         Lee, R.F., W.S.  Gardner,  J.W.  Anderson,  J.W. Blaylock, and J.  Harwell-
         Clarke.   1978.
         Environmental  Science & Technology 12(7):832-838.

         UPTAKE OF HYDROCARBONS  FROM  MARINE SEDIMENTS CONTAMINATED  WITH
         PRUDHOE BAY  CRUDE OIL:  INFLUENCE OF FEEDING TYPE OF TEST SPECIES
         AND AVAILABILITY OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS
         Roesijadi, G., J.W. Anderson,  and J.W. Blaylock.  1978.
         Journal of the Fisheries  Research Board  of  Canada  35(5):608-614.

         ESTIMATION OF EFFECTS FROM OIL ON INTERTIDAL POPULATIONS:   EXPERI-
         MENTAL PERTERBATIONS   VERSUS NATURAL VARIATION
         Vanderhorst, J.R., J.W. Anderson, P.  Wilkinson, and D.L. Woodruff.
         1978.
         Conference on Assessment  of  Ecological Impacts of Oil Spills,  Key-
         stone, Colorado  14-17 June 1978.   American  Institute of Biological
         Sciences, 1978.  p.  807-820.

    Information Source:  J.W.  Anderson, address above.
                                     156

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    79B-R031  (R-041-78)
    EFFECTS OF DRILLING  FLUIDS AND OIL IN CORALS OCCUPYING HARD-BANK COMMUNITIES
    Principal  Investigator:    Bright, T.J., and J.H. Thompson
                              Texas A&M University, School of Geosciences,
                              College Station, TX  77843
                              US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
                              Research & Development, Gulf Breeze Environmental
                              Research Lab., Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL
                              32561.   Grant R-805441
                              7/77 - 6/79
                              $1,500 FY 78
Performing Organization:

Supporting Organization:
Period:
Funds:
    Oil  shale, Corals, Biological  effects, Behavior, Carcinogens, Metabolism,
    Gulf of Mexico,  *Drilling fluids
    The  behavioral  and physiological reactions of scleractinian corals
    indigenous to hard bank communities in the Gulf of Mexico will  be
    determined in response to chronic low levels of drilling fluid com-
    ponents and shale oil  products.  Time-lapse-macrophotographic and
    respirometric techniques will  be used to measure the response parameters.
    Exposure to contaminants will  be in "flow through" aquaria on board a
    platform 12 mi  offshore of Panama City.
    [from SSIE No.  GMA-5499]
    79B-R032
    HISTOPATHOLOGY OF MARINE FISH, SOUTH TEXAS DCS MONITORING AND ENVIRONMENTAL
    STUDIES
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization:
    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
                          Haensly, W.E.
                          Texas A&M University, School  of Veterinary
                          Medicine, College Station, TX  77843
                          Same
                          7/76 - 11/78
                          N/A
    Fish,  Biological
    *Histopathology,
                 effects, Chronic
                 *Sciaenidae
effects, Toxicity, Crude oil, DCS,  Texas,
    Two species of marine fish in the Gulf of Mexico were investigated for
    microscopic anatomy and histopathology.  The histopathologic effects of
    exposure to water soluble fractions of southern Louisiana crude oil  by
    fish of the drum family (Sciaenidae) was to be determined.  Tissues of
    fish taken by trawl were fixed in formaldehyde and Helly solution, imbedded
    in paraffin, sectioned and stained with hematoxilyn and eosin.  Organ
    samples were processed immediately and subjected to routine histological
    procedures.
    [from SSIE No. GY-74987]
                                     157

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization:
    Supporting Organization:
79B-RQ33 (R-Q97-078)
ECOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL ON SMALL PONDS IN ARCTIC ALASKA
                          Hobbie, J.E.
                          Marine Biological Lab., Woods Hole, MA  02543
                          US Dept. of Energy, 17th & Pennsylvania Ave. N.W.,
                          Washington, DC  20006.  Contract EY-76-S-02-2989
Period:                    7/75 - 9/78
Funds:                    $55,000 FY 78
Oil spills, Arctic, Ecosystems, Freshwater, Biological  effects, Algae, Zoo-
plankton, Biomass, Reproduction, Alaska, Uptake, *Tundra ponds
Short- and long-term effects of  experimental crude oil spills in small
tundra  ponds are being evaluated.  The study includes algae and animal
species identification and production measurements (Cllt uptake and zoo-
plankton biomass changes).
Status:   The field work has been completed,and a report is being prepared.
Zooplankton and reproductive stages of the midge larvae have been identified
as two sensitive components of the ecosystem.
[from SSIE No. DS-389]
    79B-R034
    EFFECTS OF OILING ON TEMPERATURE REGULATION IN SEA OTTERS
    Principal  Investigator:    Kooyman, G.L., and W.F. Garey
                              University of California, Scripps Institute
                              of Oceanography, PO Box 1529, La Jolla, CA 92038
                              US Department of the Interior, BLM, 19th and
                              C Sts. N.W., Washington, DC  20240
                              1977 - N/A
                              $62,773 FY 78
Performing Organization:

Supporting Organization:

Period:
Funds:
    Animals, Marine mammals, Habitats, Oil  spills, Biological effects, Environ-
    mental effects, Marine environment, *Sea otters

    The energy requirements and sea behavior of oiled and normal otters and
    procedures for rehabilitation will be studied.  The resulting data base
    will be used to assess the effect of oil contamination or other activities
    which may alter the otter's food sources.

    [from SSIE No. GUK-233]
                                     158

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    79B-R035 (R-055-78)
    MARINE PROTOZOAN MICROSOMAL ACTIVATION OF OIL POLLUTANTS TO MUTAGENS
    Principal  Investigator:    Lindmark, D.G.
                              Rockefeller University, Biochemical  Cytology
                              Lab., 66th & York Ave., New York, NY  10021
                              US Environmental Protection Agency,  Office of
                              R&D, Gulf Breeze Environmental Research Lab.,
                              Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL  32561.
                              Grant R805364-02
                              9/77 - 8/79
                              $50,000 FY 78
Performing Organization:

Supporting Organization:
Period:
Funds:
    Carcinogens, Hydrocarbons, Microorganisms, Algae, Metabolism,  *Protozoa,
    *Microsomes, *Mutagens

    Isolation and characterization of microsomes from marine protozoa and
    algae will  be carried out in the laboratory.  The purpose of  the research
    is to predict the fate of selected compounds with mutagenic and pre-
    mutagenic activities.
    [from SSIE  No. GMA-5497]
79B-R036
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND TRACE METALS,  INCLUDING
BIOTRANSFORMATIONS
Principal  Investigator
    Performing Organization:
    Supporting Organization:

    Period:
    Funds:
Malins, D.C.,
N.L. Karrick,
                                            E.H.
                                            and
                                             Gruger,  H.O.  Hodgins,
                                            D.D. Weber
                          US Dept.  of Commerce, Environmental  Conserva-
                          tion Div., 2725 Montiake Blvd.  E.,  Seattle,
                          WA  98112
                          US Dept.  of the Interior, BLM,  19th  & C Sts.  N.W.,
                          Washington, DC  20240.    Contract  R7120819
                          10/78 - 9/79
                          $268,000 FY 79

Hydrocarbons, Biological  effects, Sublethal  effects,  Marine organisms,
Fish, Uptake, Metabolism, Toxicity, Food web, Chemical analysis, Dis-
persants, Baseline studies, Alaska, *Pathology

Objectives embrace four general areas:  1) Identification   of the inter-
mediary metabolites of  petroleum constituents  and determination of their
retention in marine organisms with their possible transport in food chains;
2) determination of disease resistance of oil-exposed animals  inoculated
with potential  pathogens  isolated from diseased individuals collected  in
Alaskan waters; 3) determination of contaminant concentrations, localiza-
tion, turnover rates,  and alterations of cellular structure in key organs
of selected species from  selected exposure conditions; and 4)  determination
of the effects of chemical  dispersants on marine animals.   The results
will be used to evaluate  the biological  impacts of offshore oil development
in Alaska.
                                     159

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


    [from SSIE No.  GUK-231]
    Status:   Behavioral,  chemical,  morphological,  pathological  and physiological
    studies  have been completed on  a  number of fish species.   Some aspects of
    the studies are continuing.
         Reports and Publications
         NAPHTHALENE METABOLITES IN BRAIN AND OTHER ORGANS OF RAINBOW TROUT
         (SALMON GAIRDNERI)
         Collier, T.K.,  D.W.  Brown, and D.C.  Malins.   1979.
         Federation Proceedings 38(3):685.   (Abstract #2256)
         METABOLIC FATE  OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN AQUATIC ORGANISMS:
         ANALYSIS BY THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY AND HIGH-PRESSURE LIQUID
         CHROMATOGRAPHY
         Malins, D.C., T.K.  Collier,  L.C. Thomas,  and W.T. Roubal.  1979.
         International Journal  of Environmental  Analytical Chemistry 6(1 ):55-66.
         TUMORS AND MICROBIAL DISEASES OF MARINE FISHES IN ALASKAN WATERS
         McCain, B.B., W.D.  Gronlund,  M.S.  Meyers, and S.R. Wellings.   1979.
         Journal of Fish  Diseases 2:111-130.
         OBSERVATION ON  THE  ULTRASTRUCTURE  ORIGINS AND LIFE HISTORY OF  LARGE
         CELLS ASSOCIATED WITH PUTATIVE NEOPLASTIC DISORDERS  OF MUSSELS,
         MYTILUS EDULIS,  FROM YAQUINA, OREGON
         Mix, M., J. Hawkes,  and A. Sparkes.   1979.
         Journal of Invertebrate Pathology.  In press.
         THE ACCUMULATION OF LOW MOLECULAR  WEIGHT  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS OF
         CRUDE OIL BY COHO SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS KISUTCH)  AND STARRY FLOUNDER
         (PLATICHTHYS STELLATUS)
         Roubal, W.T., S.I.  Stranahan, and  D.C.  Malins.  1978.
         Archives of Environmental  Contamination and  Toxicology 7(2):237-249.
         THE COMPARATIVE  ULTRASTRUCTURE OF  THE EGG MEMBRANE AND ASSOCIATED
         PORE STRUCTURES  IN  THE STARRY FLOUNDER, PLATCHITHYS STELLATUS  (PALLAS)
         AND PINK SALMON, ONCORHYNCHUS GORBUSCHA (WALBAUM)
         Stehr, C., and  J.W.  Hawkes.   1979.
         Cell and Tissue Research.   In press.
         UPTAKE AND RELEASE  OF NAPHTHALENE  AND ITS METABOLITES IN SKIN  AND
         EPIDERMAL MUCUS  OF  SALMONOIDS
         Varanasi, U., M.I.  Uhler,  and S.I. Stranahan.  1978.
         Toxicology and  Applied Pharmacology 44:277-289.
         INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE ON METABOLISM OF DIETARY
         NAPHTHALENE IN  STARRY FLOUNDER
         Varanasi, U., D.J.  Gmur, and P.A.  Treseler.   1979.
         Federation Proceedings 38(3):1149.  (Abstract #4867)

         Information Source:   D.C.  Malins,  address above.
                                     160

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    79B-R037
    BEHAVIOR OF FISHES UNDER
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization:

    Supporting Organization:

    Period:
    Funds:
ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS
 Olla, B.
 US Dept. of Commerce, Sandy Hook Lab., PO Box 428,
 Highlands, NJ  07732
 US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, NationaL Marine
 Fisheries Service, Washington, DC
 1978 - N/A
 $118,000 FY 78
    Fish, Marine environment, Behavior, Biological  effects,  Environmental
    effects, Reproduction, Growth, Toxicity, Monitoring
    The title project is investigating the environmental  stress from such
    things as temperature and hydrocarbons on the behavior of marine fish,
    shellfish, and key food chain organisms.  Responses by pelagic fish to
    stress are being determined to establish behavior responses in relation
    to survival, recruitment, growth, and reproduction, and to develop
    behavioral measures for long-term monitoring.

    [from SSIE No. ZBP-1459]
    79B-R038 (R-109-78)
    FATE AND EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM
    IN SELECTED MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
     HYDROCARBONS AND
     AND ORGANISMS
                                               SELECTED TOXIC METALS
    Principal Investigator:
    Performing Organization:

    Supporting Organziation:
    Period
    Funds
 Wolfe, D.A.
 US Dept. of Commerce, Environmental Research
 Labs, Boulder, CO  80302
 US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
 Energy, Minerals, & Industry, 401  M St. S.W.,
 Washington, DC  20460
 10/75 - 9/80
 $425,000 FY 78
                                                                  Ecosystems,
                                                                           NOAA
Funds:                     $425,000 FY 78

Hydrocarbons,  Marine organisms,  Biological  effects,  Toxicity,  Ecosyste
Fate, Analytical  techniques,  Environmental  effects,  Subarctic  regions,
The project includes four tasks  with the following objectives:   Establish
a NOAA analytical  capability  for petroleum  hydrocarbons and toxic metals
in the marine  environment (for petroleum hydrocarbons and toxic  metals in
the marine environment)for purposes of standardizing analytical  techniques
and providing  intercalibration services; identify the current  status of
knowledge and  information gaps on the fate  and effects of petroleum hydro-
carbons in marine  ecosystems; select and conduct specific laboratory ex-
periments on fate  and effects of metals and hydrocarbons; conduct controlled
experimental ecosystem research  to test the ability to predict  ecological
and biological  impacts of petroleum in subarctic ecosystems.
                                     161

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    Status:   A report on design and feasibility of field experiments has been
    completed.  Studies currently in progress include the following:  1) Inter-
    acting effects of hydrocarbons and other marine pollutants on marine or-
    ganisms;  2)  petroleum effects on metals in sediments; 3)  effects of petro-
    leum on  crab chemoreception;  4) petroleum effects on seabird reproduction;
    5) adaptation of seep organisms to petroleum exposure;  6)  pollutant effects
    on flat  fish from contaminated and uncontaminated estuaries.

    [from SSIE No. GMA-5230]

         Reports and Publications

         THE  MORPHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM AND CHLOROBIPHENYLS ON FISH
         TISSUES
         Hawkes, J.W.  1977-
         Symposium on Environmental Pollutants, Storrs,  Connecticut,
         1-3   June  1977.  National  Academy of Science,  in press.

         INTERTIDAL SEDIMENT  HYDROCARBON LEVELS AT TWO SITES  ON THE STRAIT
         OF  JUAN DE FUCA
         McLeod, W.D., Jr.,  D.W.  Brown, R.G.  Jenkins, and L.S.  Ramos.   1977.
         Fate and Effects of  Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine  Ecosystems
         and  Organisms.  D.A.  Wolfe (ed.).   New York, Pergamon Press,  1977.
         p.  385-396.  Proceedings of a Symposium,  Seattle,  Washington,
         10-12 November 1976.

         A PILOT STUDY ON THE  DESIGN OF A PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON BASELINE
         INVESTIGATION FOR NORTHERN PUGET SOUND AND STRAIT  OF  JUAN DE  FUCA
         MacLeod, W.D., Jr.,  D.W. Brown, R.G. Jenkins,  L.S. Ramos, and
         V.D. Henry.  1976.
         NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL MESA-8.   59 p.

         FATE AND EFFECTS OF  PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE  ORGANISMS AND
         ECOSYSTEMS
         Wolfe,  D.A. (ed.).   1977.
         New York, Pergamon  Press,  1977.  478 p.   Proceedings  of a Symposium,
         Seattle, Washington,  10-12 November 1976.

    Information  Source:  D.A.  Wolfe, address above.
                                     162

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    2.   Baseline and Environmental  Impact Studies
    79B-R039
    GEOLOGIC PROCESSES AND HAZARDS OF THE BEAUFORT SEA SHELF AND COASTAL
    REGIONS
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization
    Supporting Organization;

    Period:
    Funds:
Barnes, P., E. Reimnitz, and D. Drake
US Department of the Interior, Geological
vey, 345 Middlefield Rd., Menlo Park, CA
US Dept. of the Interior, BLM, 19th and C
N.W., Washington, DC  20240
1978 - N/A
$80,800 FY 78
Sur-
94025
Sts.
    Baseline studies, DCS, Coasts, Sediments, Oil  spills, Fate, Predictions,
    Beaufort Sea, Arctic

    Geologic processes in areas with a potential  for future resource exploita-
    tion are being examined to establish a data base and to guide development
    with respect to  hazards.   Ice gouging, striking anamolies in seismic
    records, shelf sediments,  coastline stability, and configuration of the
    undersurface of first and  multi-year ice constitute major facets of the
    investigation.  The latter is important in the evaluation of quantities
    of oil  which could be trapped and spread as well as being a substrate
    for an inverted benthic community of high primary productivity.

    [from SSIE No. GBP-3658]
    79B-R040
    OILSPILL RISK ANALYSIS
    Principal  Investigator:

    Performing Organization:
    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
Lanfear, K.J., A. Nakassis, W. Samuels,  and
C. Schoen
US Dept. of the Interior, Geological  Survey,
Environmental Impacts Analysis Program,  Research,
and Training Branch, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr.,
Reston, VA  22092
Same
7/67 - Cont.
$311,024 FY 77
               effects, DCS, Offshore develop-
    Risk analysis, Oil  spills, Environmental
    ment, Models, Atlantic coast
    Oil spill risk analyses are being conducted to determine the relative
    environmental hazards of developing oil resources in different regions
    of the US DCS.  The studies analyze the probability of spill occurrences,
    likely trajectories, and locations in space and time of such targets as
    vulnerable recreational and biological  resources.  The results will  yield
    estimates of the overall oil spill risks  associated with the development
    of proposed lease areas.
                                     163

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


    [from SSIE No.  DO-223]

    Status:   Analyses have  been conducted for lease areas in the North,  Mid-,
    and South Atlantic Oceans,  the eastern Gulf of Mexico,  the Southern
    California Bight, and the western and northern Gulf of  Alaska.

         Reports and Publications

         AN INTRODUCTION TO THE OILSPILL RISK ANALYSIS MODEL
         Lanfear, K.J., R.A. Smith, and J.R.  Slack.  1979.
         Offshore Technology Conference, Houston,  Texas, 30 April-3 May  1979.

         AN OILSPILL RISK ANALYSIS FOR THE SOUTH ATLANTIC OUTER CONTINENTAL
         SHELF LEASE AREA
         Slack, J.R., and R.A.  Smith.  1976.
         US Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-653.  54  p.

         AN OILSPILL RISK ANALYSIS FOR THE WESTERN GULF OF  ALASKA  (KODIAK
         ISLAND) OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF LEASE AREA
         Slack, J.R., R. A. Smith, and T. Wyant.  1977.
         US Geological Survey Open-File Report 77-212.  57  p.

         AN OILSPILL RISK ANALYSIS FOR THE MID-ATLANTIC (PROPOSED  SALE 49)
         OUTER CONTINENTAL  SHELF LEASE AREA
         Slack, J.R., and T. Wyant.  1978.
         US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations,  78-56.  79 p.
         (NTIS)

         AN OILSPILL RISK ANALYSIS FOR THE SOUTHERN  CALIFORNIA (PROPOSED SALE
         48) OUTER CONTINENTAL  SHELF LEASE AREA
         Slack, J.R., T. Wyant, and K.J. Lanfear.   1978.
         US Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations,  78-80.  101  p.
         (NTIS)

         OILSPILL RISK MINIMIZATION THROUGH OPTIMAL TRACT SELECTION
         Smith, R.A., K.J.  Lanfear, and I.C.  James II.  1979.
         Paper presented at the conference on Physical Behavior of Oil  in
         the Marine Environment, Princeton University, 8-9  May 1979.
         Sponsored by the National Weather Service.

         AN OILSPILL RISK ANALYSIS FOR THE MID-ATLANTIC OUTER CONTINENTAL
         SHELF LEASE AREA
         Smith, R.A., J.R.  Slack, and R.K. Davis.   1976.
         US Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-451.  24  p.

         AN OILSPILL RISK ANALYSIS FOR THE NORTH ATLANTIC OUTER CONTINENTAL
         SHELF LEASE AREA
         Smith, R.A., J.R.  Slack, and R.K. Davis.   1976.
         US Geological Survey Open-File Report 76-620.  50 p.
                                     164

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


         AN OILSPILL RISK ANALYSIS FOR THE EASTERN GULF OF MEXICO (PROPOSED
         SALE 65)  OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF LEASE AREA
         Wyant,  T.,  and J.R.  Slack.  1978.
         US Geological  Survey Open-File Report 78-132.   72 p.

    Information  Source:  K.J. Lanfear, address above.


    79B-R041
    FLUXES OF SYNTHETIC,ORGANIC, BIOGENIC,  AND PETROLEUM-DERIVED COMPOUNDS
    THROUGH ANTARCTIC MARINE FOOD WEBS SUPPORTING AND DEPENDENT UPON KRILL
    Principal Investigator:    Risebrough,  R.W.
    Performing Organization:  University of California,  Bodega Marine Lab.,
                              PO Box 247,  Bodega Bay, CA  94923
    Supporting Organization:  US National  Science  Foundation, Division of
                              Polar Programs,  1800 G St. N.W., Washington,
                              DC  20550.  Contract OPP77-22169
    Period:                   10/78 - 3/82
    Funds:                    $124,600

    Baseline studies, Food web,  Antarctica, Hydrocarbons,  Biogenic  hydrocarbons,
    Offshore production,  *Krill

    Data on the dependence of the antarctic food web on  Krill  will  be collected
    in a series of cruises to provide among other things,  baseline  information
    needed for the anticipated exploitation of offshore  petroleum deposits in
    Antarctica.  Levels of petroleum-derived synthetic and naturally-occurring
    compounds will be determined in various levels of the  food web  by GC/MS.

    [from SSIE No. DI-915]                                         I
    Status:  The first cruise is to be undertaken in February-March 1980.

    Information Source:  R.W. Risebrough,  University of  California, Bodega
    Marine Laboratory, PO Box 247, Bodega  Bay, CA  94923.
    79B-R042
    HYDROCARBONS-NATURAL DISTRIBUTION AND DYNAMICS ON THE ALASKAN OUTER
    CONTINENTAL SHELF
    Principal  Investigator:    Shaw, D.
    Performing Organization:   University of Alaska, Inst. of Marine Science,
                              Fairbanks, AK  99701
    Supporting Organization:   US Department of the Interior, BLM, 19th & C Sts.
                              N.W., Washington,  DC  20240
    Period:                    1975 - 1978
    Funds:                     $228,000 FY 78

    Hydrocarbons, Distribution,  Concentrations,  Offshore development,  Off-
    shore production, Baseline studies,  Environmental  effects,  Benthos,
    Alaska,  Beaufort Sea
                                     165

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    Detailed hydrocarbon concentration measurements are being taken in the
    Beaufort Sea and Cook Inlet.  The Beaufort Sea study will provide an
    analysis of hydrocarbons in the biota, unavailable to date.  Cook Inlet
    provides an ideal  location for a comparative study of offshore oil pro-
    duction and behavior of hydrocarbons in the pelagic and benthic environ-
    ments.
    [from SSIE No. GUK-164]
    79B-R043
    ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION GUYAN OIL COMPANY FOR PILOT PROJECT
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization:

    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
                          Unknown
                          US Dept.  of Energy, Oakridge National  Lab.,
                          Oakridge, Tennessee  37830
                          Same
                          1978 - N/A
                          N/A
    Environmental  effects,  EIS, Oil  industry

    Summary not available,   [possibly oil  pollution related]

    [from SSIE No. DN-448]


    79B-R044
    ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS OF ENERGY-RELATED PROCESSES AND POLLUTANTS ON THE
    ENVIRONMENT:  GREAT LAKES, EFFECTS OF POLLUTANTS ON BIOTA
    Principal  Investigator:    Wahlgren, M.A.
                              US Dept. of Energy, Argonne National Lab.,
                              9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL  60439
                              US Dept. of Energy, Division of Biomedical &
                              Environmental Research, 1717 H St., N.W.,
                              Washington,  DC  20545
                              1978 - N/A
                              N/A
Performing Organization:

Supporting Organization:
Period:
Funds:
    Environmental effects, Aquatic environment, Bioassay, Toxicity, Wastewaters,
    Great Lakes'

    Laboratory and field studies will  be conducted to evaluate the actual  and
    potential  effects of energy-related pollutants on aquatic communities  in
    the Great Lakes, based on existing pollutant concentrations.  Predictive
    capabilities  for assessing environmental effects of energy technologies
    will  be developed.  Oil pollution research constitutes a small portion of
    the project.
    [from SSIE No. DN-31]

    Information Source:  M.A. Wahlgren, address above.
                                     166

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CURRENT  RESEARCH  PROJECTS


    3.   General Aspects


    79B-R045  (R-119-78)
    ENVIRONMENTAL  ASSESSMENT OF  AN  ACTIVE  OIL  FIELD IN  THE  NORTHWESTERN
    GULF OF MEXICO
    Principal  Investigator:    Caillouet, C.W.
    Performing Organization:   US Dept.  of  Commerce, NOAA, 6010  Executive
                              Blvd.,  Rockville,  MD   20852
    Supporting Organization:   US Environmental  Protection Agency,
                              Office  of Energy,  Mineral  & Industry,
                              401 M.  St. S.W.,  Washington,  DC   20460.
                              Contract  D6-E693-EO
    Period:                    9/75  -  9/81
    Funds:                     $600,000  FY  78

    Oil  fields, Environmental  effects,  Ecosystems,  Contaminants,  Gulf of  Mexico
    This assessment of the  17-yr-old  Buccaneer  Oil  and  Gas  Field was  initiated
    in April  1976.  Objectives are  1)  identification and documentation of  the
    extent  and types of  biological, chemical,  and physical  effects resulting
    from development and production,  2) determination  of the specific con-
    taminants, their quantity, and  effects on  the ecosystem, and 3) development
    of methods for description and  prediction  of the fate and effects of oil
    field discharge constituents on the ecosystem.
    Status:   In the third year of research, an  intensive investigation of
    environmental  and ecosystem  variables  within the oil and gas field is
    being conducted, with a  view toward comparing production platforms from
    wich effluents are released  with  satellite  platforms (well  jackets) from
    which no  effluents are  released.
    [from SSIE No. GMA-5237]

         Reports  and Publications
         ICHTHYOPLANKTON OF  THE  BUCCANEER  OIL  FIELD OFF GALVESTON,  TEXAS
         Finucane, J.H., and  L.A. Collins. 1977.
         Biennial  International  Estuarine  Research  Conference,  4th, Mt. Pocono,
         Pennsylvania, 1977.   Abstract.
         A  STUDY  PLAN FOR THE  BUCCANEER OIL FIELD ASSESSMENT PROGRAM
         Gallaway, B.J., R.  Howard, K.  Green,  and L.  Martin.  1976.
         Report to NMFS  from  LGL, Ltd.-U.S. Inc., Bryan, Texas.  60 p.

         ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF  AN ACTIVE  OIL  FIELD IN THE NORTH-
         WESTERN  GULF OF MEXICO, 1976-1977
         Jackson,  W.B. (ed.).  1977.
         NOAA Annual Report  to EPA, Project No.  EPA-IAG-D6-E693-EO.  759  p.

         ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF  THE BUCCANEER  OIL  AND  GAS  FIELD  OFF
         GALVESTON, TEXAS:   AN OVERVIEW
         Jackson,  W.B.,  K.N.  Baxter,  and C.W.  Caillouet. 1978.
         Offshore  Technology Conference, 10th,  Houston,  Texas,  1978.  Vol.
         1:277-284.  (OTC 3981)
                                      I D/

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
         A PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE BUCCANEAR OIL/GAS
         FIELD (PILOT STUDY OF THE BUCCANEER OIL FIELD, BENTHOS AND SEDI-
         MENTS)
         Harper,  D.E., Jr., R.J.  Scrudato,  and C.S. Giam.   1976.
         Final  report to NMFS from Texas  A&M University.   Contract
         03-6-42-35110.   63 p.

         ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OFFSHORE  OIL PRODUCTION:   ALKANES IN
         THE REGION OF THE BUCCANEER OILFIELD
         Middleditch, B.S., B.  Basils,  and  E.S.  Chang.   1977.
         Journal  of Chromatography Vol.  142:777-785.

         ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF AN  ACTIVE OIL FIELD IN THE NORTH-
         WESTERN  GULF OF MEXICO (A REPORT OF NMFS/LGL WORKSHOP I,  1977-1978)
         National  Marine Fisheries Service.   1977.
         Report  to NMFS from LGL, Ltd.-U.S., Inc., Bryan,  Texas.  Project
         No. EPA-IAG-D6-E693-EP.
         ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF OFFSHORE PRODUCTION IN THE
         BUCCANEER OIL FIELD:  SEDIMENTOLOGIC AND GEOCHEMICAL  RESULTS
         Wheeler,  R.B.,  R.R.  Schwarzer,  and J.B. Anderson.   1978.
         Offshore  Technology Conference,  10th, Houston, Texas, 1978.
         Vol.  1:285-290. (OTC 3082)
    79B-R046
    OIL AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE SPILL ECOLOGICAL DAMAGE ASSESSMENT RESEARCH
    COORDINATION
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization:
    Supporting Organization
    Period:
    Funds:
Davis, W.
US Environmental
                                           Protection Agency,  Office of
R&D, Gulf Breeze Environmental Research Lab.,
PO Box 368, John's Island, SC  29455
Same
10/77 - 9/79
$150,000 FY 78
                                                             Environmental
runui.                     4>iau,uuu ri  /o

Contingency planning,  Analytical  techniques,  Oil  spills,
effects, Information systems,  Spill  response

Research coordination  of the title subject will  be effected through
development of portable sampling  analysis capability, establishing an
information base for government and  local users,  compiling and evaluat-
ing existing methodologies for ecological damage  assessment, and modify-
ing techniques applicable in spill response.

[from SSIE No. ZMA-1661]
                                     168

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


    79B-R047
    DEVELOP, TEST AND VALIDATE TECHNIQUES FOR USE IN A SCREENING PROTOCOL TO
    EVALUATE MARINE IMPACTS OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES
    Principal  Investigator:   Randall, R.C.,  and R.M. Brice
    Performing Organization:   U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency,  Office
                              of R&D, Environmental  Research Lab.,  200 S.W.
                              35th  St., Corvallis, OR  97330
    Supporting Organization:   Same
    Period:                    9/77  - 9/82
    Funds:                     $171,000 FY 78

    Analytical techniques, Toxicity, Biological effects, Detection,  Hydro-
    carbons, Sampling, Concentrations, Carcinogens

    For the fifty worst compounds presumed to be carcinogenic, mutagenic, or
    teratogenic, classes (organic,  metals, organic-phosphate, etc.)  will  be
    established for definition of response in a variety of situations.  These
    situations include air/water, water/sediment, and air/sediment  interfaces
    at varying salinities.

    Status:   A procedure for determining subacute effects of petroleum/
    hydrocarbons on marine animals  has been developed.

    [from SSIE No. ZMA-1529]
    79B-R048
    NAVY ENVIRONMENT:  CORRECTIVE MEASURES FOR FOULING OF OPTICAL SURFACES
    IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
    Principal Investigator:   Vedros, N.A., and R.J. Heckly
    Performing Organization:  University of California, Naval  Biosciences
                              Lab., Berkeley, CA  94720
    Supporting Organization:  US Dept. of Defense, Navy, Office of Naval
                              Research, 800 N. Quincy St., Arlington, VA
                              22217.  Contract N00014-75-C-0774
    Period:                   2/79 - 1/80
    Funds:                    $285,598

    Environmental effects, Marine environment, Food web, Biological  effects,
    Source identification
    The objectives of this research are to determine the ecological  impact
    of pollutants on the marine and terrestrial environments and examine
    means of controlling and reducing pollution.  A portion  of the project
    will focus on oil residues in marine food chains and on techniques for
    rapid indentification of oil spills.

    [from SSIE No. GQN-23238-4]

    Status:  The projects are progressing on schedule.
                                     169

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


         Reports and  Publications

         ASSESSMENT AND  SIGNIFICANCE  OF  SEDIMENT ASSOCIATED  OIL  AND  GREASE
         IN  AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS
         DiSalvo,  L.H.,  H.E.  Guard, N.D.  Hirsch, and J.  Ng.   1977.
         Technical Report  D-77-26.  Final  report.   148  p.

    Information  Source:  R.J.  Heckly,  address above.
                                    170

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


D.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT

    1.   Biodegradation
    79B-R049 (R-129-78)
    NAVY ENVIRONMENT:  FATE AND EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTANTS IN EXTREMELY COLD
    ENVIRONMENTS
    Principal Investigator:
    Performing Organization
    Supporting Organization
    Period:
    Funds:
                          Atlas, R.M.
                          University of Louisville, School  of Arts &
                          Sciences, 129 E. Broadway, Louisville, KY  40208
                          US Dept. of Defense, Navy, Office of Naval
                          Research, 800 N. Quincy St., Arlington, VA
                          22217
                          9/73 - Cont.
                          $25,605 FY 79
                                               Ice, Arctic, Biological
Biodegradation, Microorganisms, Crude oil
effects, Alaska
This on-going project is designed to study the interaction of microbial
coastal  water communities with crude oil  in Alaskan coastal  waters.
Changes  in microbial  populations and effects of oil essential to microbial
processes such as nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis are being studied.
The experiments are designed to determine if oil  is degradable in frozen
seas.
[from SSIE No. GQN-475257-5]
    79B-R050 (R-299-75)
    GENETICALLY ENGINEERED MICROORGANISMS FOR
    FROM PETROLEUM
                                          ENHANCED PRODUCTION OF PROTEIN
    Principal Investigator:
    Performing Organization:

    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
                         Chakrabarty, A.M.
                         General Electric Co., 1  River Rd., Schenectady,
                         NY  12305
                         National Science Foundation,
                         Cellular & Molecular Biology,
                         Washington, DC  20550
                         5/76 - 9/81
                         N/A
Div.  of Physiology,
 1800 G.  St.  N.W.,
    Biodegradation, Microorganisms, Bacteria, Aromatic hydrocarbons, PAH,
    Lakes, Rivers, *Genetic engineering, *Pseudomonas

    Aromatic- and PAH-metabolizing pathways will be screened and genetically
    analyzed in several Pseudomonas species to characterize the transmissible
    plasmid nature of the genes specifying these pathways.  Multi-plasmid
    single strains will be constructed to be used for enhanced production of
    protein from petroleum or for rapid cleanup of oil spills on rivers and
    lakes.

    [from SSIE No. GSB-16385-2]
                                     171

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    79B-R051  (R-132-78)
    NAVY ENVIRONMENT:   MICROBIAL  ECOLOGY STUDIES OF BIOFOULING OF TREATED AND
    UNTREATED WOOD PILINGS IN  THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
    Principal Investigator:    Colwell,  R.R.
    Performing Organization:   University of  Maryland,  School  of Agriculture,
                              College  Park,  MD  20742
    Supporting Organization:   US  Dept.  of Defense,  Navy,  Office of Naval
                              Research,  800  N.  Quincy  St.,  Arlington,  VA   22217
                              ContractN0014-75-C-0340,  P00006
    Period:                    8/72 - Cont.
    Funds:                     $74,000  FY 78

    Biodegradation,  Bacteria,  Microorganisms,  Analytical  techniques,  Chemical
    analysis

    The ability of marine and  estuarine  bacteria to degrade hydrocarbons  and
    petroleum in situ  is being tested  by a variety  of  techniques including
    electron  microscopy and  gas liquid  chromatography.   The biodegradation
    of lipids and refractory materials  in suspended particulates is being
    examined.  Additional  work is concerned  with the interactions of micro-
    organisms in estuarine and oceanic  ecosystems.

    [from SSIE No. GQN-223667-5]

         Reports and Publications

         MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF PETROLEUM  IN THE  MARINE ENVIRONMENT
         Colwell, R.R.   1977.
         Report UM/ONR-4.  Annual  report. 21  p.

         MICROBIAL ECOLOGY STUDIES OF  BIOFOULING OF TREATED AND UNTREATED
         WOOD PILINGS  IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
         Colwell, R.R.   1978.
         Report UM/ONR-5.  Annual  report. 25  p.

         MICROBIAL ECOLOGY STUDIES OF  THE METULA SPILL  IN THE STRAITS
         OF MAGELLAN
         Colwell, R.R.,  A.L. Mills, J.D.  Walker, P. Garcia-Tello, and
         V. Campos-P.   1978.
         Journal of  the  Fisheries Research Board of Canada  35(5):573-580.

         ENUMERATION OF  PETROLEUM-DEGRADING  MARINE  AND  ESTUARINE MICRO-
         ORGANISMS BY  THE MOST PROBABLE  NUMBER METHOD
         Mills,  A.L.,  C. Breuil,. and R.R. Colwell.   1978.
         Canadian Journal  of Microbiology 24(5):552-557.

    Information Source:   R.R.  Colwell,  address above.
                                     172

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    79B-R052 (R-133-78)
    THE BACTERIAL  FLORA IN SURFACE MICROLAYERS OF OCEAN AND ESTUARINE WATERS
    AND ITS ABILITY TO DEGRADE CRUDE OIL
    Principal  Investigator:    Oliver, J.D.
                              University of North Carolina, School  of Science
                              & Mathematics, Highway  49 N., Charlotte,  NC 28205
                              American Chemical Society, 1155 16th  St. N.W.,
                              Washington, DC  20036
                              10/77 - 9/80
                              $3,000 FY 79
Performing Organization:

Supporting Organization:

Period:
Funds:
    Biodegradation, Microorganisms, Bacteria, Crude oil, Marine environment,
    Estuaries, Sediments

    A quantitative and qualitative examination of bacterial  flora occurring in
    the upper 100 y of selected estuarine and ocean waters will be made  with
    comparisons to those found at a depth of 1 m and in bottom sediments.
    These populations' ability to degrade crude oil will be studied.

    [from SSIE No. PCS-2984-1]
    79B-R053
    MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF
    Principal Investigator:
    Performing Organization:
    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
                         HYDROCARBONS IN EXPERIMENTAL MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS
                          Pritchard, H.
                          US Environmental  Protection Agency,  Office of
                          R&D, Gulf Breeze  Environmental  Research Lab.,
                          Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL   32561
                          Same
                          10/78 - 9/79
                          $24,800 FY 78
    Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Decomposition, Marine environment,  Recovery

    Microbial degradation of hazardous organic compounds in marine ecosystems
    will be determined.  Compounds including petroleum hydrocarbons and
    pesticides, singly or in combination, will be studied to help establish
    regulatory criteria and guidelines.  Tests will  be conducted using highly
    refined continuous culture systems.

    [from SSIE No. ZMA-1662]
                                     173

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    2.  Physical  and Chemical  Processes
    79B-R054
    TRANSPORT MECHANISMS AND HYDROCARBON ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF SUSPENDED
    MATTER IN LOWER COOK INLET
    Principal Investigator:    Feely,  R.A., and J.D. Cline
                              US Dept.  of Commerce, NOAA, Environmental
                              Research  Pacific Marine Environmental  Lab.,
                              2725 Montlake Blvd.  E., Seattle, WA  98112
                              US Dept.  of the Interior, BLM,
                              19th and  C Sts. N.W., Washington, DC  20240
                              1975 -  1978
                              $137,400  FY 78
Performing Organization:
Supporting Organization:

Period:
Funds:
    Sources, Fate, Sediments, Adsorption, Movement, Production, Contaminants,
    Alaska, *Cook Inlet
    This portion of the suspended matter  studies will  determine the vertical
    fluxes of suspended matter in areas of high sedimentation, the correlation
    between high frequency velocity fluctuations and temporal  variations in
    suspended matter concentrations, and elemental  composition of the settled
    matter within the traps.   Another portion of the study will be responsible
    for the analysis of total and extractable Al, Fe, Mn, Cr,   Cu, Pb, Ni,  and
    Zn.  The objectives of this study are to determine if high primary produc-
    tion in Kachemak  Bay causes seasonal variations in trace  element content
    of water, suspended matter and biota, and whether or not oil production
    activities in Upper Cook  Inlet contribute  significantly to the metal
    content in Lower Cook Inlet.

    [from SSIE No. GUK-189]
    79B-R055
    OIL POOLING UNDER SEA ICE
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization:

    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
                          Kovacs, A.
                          US Dept. of Defense, Army, Cold Regions Research
                          & Engineering Lab., PO Box 282, Hanover, NH 03755
                          US Dept. of the Interior, BLM, 19th & C Sts. N.W.,
                          Washington, DC  20240.  Contract NOAA R.D.
                          No. RK-8-0065
                          1978 - 1979
                          $30,464 FY  79
    Ice, Arctic, Oil  spills, Fate, Movement, Predictions, *Pooling
    The objective of this project is to acquire detailed cross-sectional in-
    formation on the thickness and bottom relief of both first year and multi-
    year sea ice found in the waters over the continental shelf of the Beaufort
    and Chukchi Sea.   Profiling will provide under-ice topographic information
                                     174

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    which will  be used to determine the flow direction of oil  discharged under
    fast ice and the quantity of oil  which can be expected to  pool  in the
    under-ice relief.

    [from SSIE  No.  GUK-204]

    Status:   Data reduction and reports are in preparation.

         Reports and Publications
         OIL POOLING UNDER SEA ICE
         Kovacs, A.  1979.
         Annual  report R.U. 562, Contract NOAA R.D.  No.  RK-8-0065.   (Report
         period  1 April  1978 - 31 March 1979)

         SEA ICE THICKNESS PROFILING AND UNDER-ICE OIL ENTRAPMENT
         Kovacs, A.  1977.
         Annual  Offshore Technology Conference, 9th, Houston,  Texas,  2-5 May
         1977.   p.  547-554.  (Paper OTC 2949)

         ANISTROPIC PROPERTIES OF SEA ICE IN THE 50-150  MHZ  RANGE
         Kovacs, A., and R.M. Morey.   1979.
         Journal of Geophysical Research.  In press.

         RADAR  ANISTROPY OF SEA ICE DUE TO PREFERRED AZIMUTHAL ORIENTATION
         OF THE  HORIZONTAL C AXES OF ICE CRYSTALS
         Kovacs, A., and R.M. Morey.   1978.
         Journal of Geophysical Research 83(C12):6037-6046.

    Information  Source:   A. Kovacs, address above.
    3.  Models, Simulations and Predictions


    79B-R056
    OCEANIC CIRCULATION OF NORTHERN COOK STRAIT,  NEW ZEALAND
    Principal  Investigator:   Bowman, N.J.
    Performing Organization:   State University of New York,  Marine Science
                              Research Center, Stony Brook,  NY  11790
    Supporting Organization:   National Science Foundation,  Div.  of Inter-
                              national Programs,  1800 G.  St. N.W.,
                              Washington,  DC  20550
    Period:                   6/78 - 9/79
    Funds:                     $20,000 FY 78

    Models, Oceans,  Predictions,  Spill  trajectories, Sediments, *New Zealand
    *Cook Strait
                                     175

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    An existing,  two-dimensional,  numerical  tidal  model of Cook Strait will
    be applied,  using current meter and tide height data to predict tides,
    circulation,  the effects of turbulence on sediment distribution, tidal
    energy dissipation,  and the location of fronts.  The complex properties
    of continental  shelf dynamics,  insights as to  the use of predictive
    models, and  trajectory forecasting are areas of research which will benefit
    from the study.
    [from SSIE No.  GSN-3260]
    79B-R057
    OIL SPILL MODEL
    Principal Investigator:    Friedlander,  D.
    Performing Organization:   Oceanographic Services, Inc., PO Box 6783,
                              Santa Barbara, CA  93111
    Supporting Organization:   Same
    Period:                    N/A
    Funds:                     N/A

    Models,  Oil  slicks,  Behavior, Predictions, Fate, Santa Barbara Channel

    A computer model  to  predict the size,  location and density of an oil  slick
    from a  spill  of given size and location has been developed.

    Status:   The model and associated graphics have been completed.  The
    model  has been applied to the Santa Barbara oil spill  and the results
    compare  favorably with US Coast Guard observations.

    Information Source:   D.  Friedlander,  address above.
    79B-R058
    MODELING ORGANIC SOLUTE TRANSPORT IN GROUND WATER
    Principal Investigator:   Robertson, J.B.
    Performing Organization:  US Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,
                              345 Middlefield Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025
    Supporting Organization:  US Dept. of the Interior, Geological Survey,
                              Water Resources Div., 12201  Sunrise Valley Dr.,
                              Reston, VA  22092
    Period:                   1/76 - 8/78
    Funds:                    $62,000 FY 78

    Models, Predictions, Groundwater, Contamination, Oil shale

    The overall  objective was to demonstrate the applicability of numerical
    modeling techniques to the analysis and prediction of organic solute
    migration in ground water.  Coal and oil shale production may be major
    future sources of organic solutes.
    [from SSIE No. ZUA-4130-1]

    Status:  The project has been discontinued due to transfer of the project
    director.
                                     176

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


    Information Source:   J.B. Robertson, address above.


    79B-R059
    DYNAMICS OF NEAR-SHORE SEA ICE (ARCTIC OCS RESEARCH  UNIT #88)
    Principal Investigator:   Weeks, W.F., and A. Kovacs
    Performing Organization:   US Army Cold Regions Research & Engineering Lab.,
                              PO Box 282, Hanover, NH  03755
    Supporting Organization:   US Dept. of the Interior,  BLM, 19th  & C Sts.
                              N.W., Washington, DC  20240
    Period:                   1975 - 1979
    Funds:                    $64,671 FY 79

    Models, Ice, Movement, Spill trajectories, Remote sensing, Offshore
    development, Risk analysis, Beaufort Sea, *Radar
    Radar studies in the Bering Strait have been conducted for development
    of theoretical  models for ice and oil movement through the straits.  Coastal
    ice movement studies in the Beaufort Sea and remote  sensing studies in the
    Beaufort and Chukchi Seas have also been performed and will contribute to
    hazard assessment and offshore design aspects of oil and gas development
    in the Beaufort Sea.
    [from SSIE No.  GUK-199]
    Status:  Results have been written up in a number of published reports,
    some of which are available on the OCS Data Bank.

         Reports and Publications
         SEA ICE  THICKNESS PROFILING AND UNDER-ICE OIL  ENTRAPMENT
         Kovacs, A.  1977.
         Annual Offshore Technology Conference, 9th, Houston, Texas, 2-5 May
         1977.  Vol. 3,  p. 547-554.  (OTC 2950)
    4.  General Fate of Oil
    79B-R060
    BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF PETROLEUM COMPONENTS AT THE SEDIMENT-WATER INTERFACE
    Principal Investigator:   Teal, J.M., and J.W. Farrington
    Performing Organization:  Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,
                              Main St., Woods Hole, MA  02543
    Supporting Organization:  US Dept. of Energy, Division of Biomedical  &
                              Environmental Research, 1717 H St. N.W.,
                              Washington, DC  20545
    Period:                   6/77 - 6/79
    Funds:                    N/A

                                     177

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


    Hydrocarbons, Fate,  Distribution, Biological  effects, Analytical tech-
    niques, Chemical  analysis,  Buzzards Bay, New York Bight

    The title study will  compare hydrocarbon distribution and composition to
    biological  activity  by use  of simple mixing experiments.  Biological
    effects will be measured by using isolated benthic systems in the laboratory,
    and then in the field at Buzzards Bay and the New York Bight.  Determina-
    tion will be made as  to which chemical  compartments the hydrocarbons are
    located in, how tightly they are bound, and how extraction by organisms
    compares with solvent extraction.

    [from SSIE  No.  DN-1195]
                                     178

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


E.  POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND PRODUCTION

    1.   Biological  Aspects


    79B-R061  (R-051-78)
    EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS USED IN OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS DRILLING OPERATIONS ON
    MARINE ORGANISMS
    Principal Investigator:   Richards, N., S. Schimmel, and S. Tagatz
    Performing Organization:  US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
                              R&D, Gulf Breeze Environmental Research Lab.,
                              Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561
    Supporting Organization:  Same
    Period:                   10/76 - 10/79
    Funds:                    $275,000 FY 79

    Hydrocarbons, Petrochemicals, Toxicity, Bioassay, Ecosystems, Offshore
    production, Drilling, *Drilling muds

    Single species and community bioassays are being conducted on selected
    components of drilling muds to determine the effects of emissions from
    offshore drilling operations on aquatic organisms and communties.  The
    mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic components of shale oil  will be
    characterized.  Toxicity tests on shale oil derived marine diesel fuel
    will also be conducted.

    [from SSIE No. ZMA-1622]

    Status:  Toxicity tests are now in progress.

         Reports and Publications
         EFFECTS OF A LIGNOSULFONATE-TYPE DRILLING MUD ON DEVELOPMENT OF
         EXPERIMENTAL ESTUARINE MACROBENTHIC COMMUNITIES
         Tagatz, M.E., J.M. Ivey, H.K. Lehman, and J.L. Oglesby.  1978.
         Northeast Gulf Science 2(1):35-42.
         EFFECT OF BARITE  (BaSOj ON DEVELOPMENT OF ESTUARINE COMMUNITIES
         Tagatz, M.E., and M. Tobia.  1978.
         Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science, Vol. 7:401-407.

    Information Source:  N. Richards, address above.
                                     179

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


    2.   Physical and Chemical  Aspects


    79B-R062
    POLLUTION ASSESSMENT OF ADVANCED OIL AND GAS RECOVERY PROGRAMS
    Principal Investigator:   Tuffly, B.
    Performing Organization:  Rockwell  International  Corp., 8900 DeSoto Ave.,
                              Canoga Park,  CA  91304
    Supporting Organization:  US Environmental  Protection Agency, Office of
                              R&D,  Industrial Environmental Research Lab.,
                              5555  Ridge Ave.,  Cincinnati, OH  45268.
                              Contract 68-03-2221
    Period:                    6/75  - 6/78
    Funds:                     $163,000 FY 78

    Refineries, Wastewaters, Hydrocarbons, Monitoring, Water quality. Pollution
    control, *Thermal  oil  recovery

    This study correlates compositions  of discharges  from tertiary oil  re-
    covery processes with formation characteristics and process variables.
    Data needs include cost/benefit analyses of air quality strategies  for
    thermal  oil recovery projects,  hydrocarbon  emission point source iden-
    tification, chemical  concentrations in  thermal  oil  recovery water,
    characterization of organic and inorganic pollutants from each process.

    [from SSIE No.  GMA-4994-1]
                                     180

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS


F.   POLLUTION ASPECTS OF OIL TRANSPORT, TRANSFER, AND STORAGE

    1.  Loading and Offloading Facilities


    79B-R063
    DEVELOPMENT OF OPERATIONAL STANDARDS FOR  PREVENTION  OF OIL SPILLS  DURING
    OIL TRANSFER OPERATIONS
    Principal  Investigator:   Miller, W.
    Performing Organization:  Oceanographic Institute of Washington, 312 First
                             Ave.  N.,  Seattle, WA   98109
    Supporting Organization:  California Regional Water  Quality Control Board,
                             San  Francisco Bay Region,  1111  Jackson St.,
                             Oakland,  CA  94607.   Grant CEIPG 79-8
    Period:                   4/79  - 8/79
    Funds:                    $30,000

    Oil transfer, Tankers, Ships,  Oil discharges, Pollution  prevention,
    San Francisco Bay

    The project will  result  in a regional oil  spill prevention policy and
    proposed procedures governing oil transfer operations in  the San Francisco
    Bay.  The funding will be used  to hire  consultants  to "1) develop back-
    ground information and recommend procedures for oil   transfer facilities,
    dry dock facilities, dry cargo  docks, and lightering operations which
    would address such issues as equipment, operational   procedures, maintenance,
    and staff training; and  2) provide additional  expert advice and testimony
    at staff meetings, State and Regional Board hearings, and other public
    hearings as required."

    Information Source:  W. Miller, address above.
                                      181

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS



G.  PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL

    1.   Waste Treatment and Disposal  Methods


    79B-R064
    ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL TECHNOLOGY FOR WASTE WATER IN IN-SITU
    OIL SHALE RETORTING
    Principal Investigator:   Dawson, B.H.
    Performing Organization:   US Dept.  of Energy, Battelle Pacific Northwest
                              Lab.,  PO  Box 999, Richland, WA  99352
    Supporting Organization:   US Dept.  of Energy, Division of Environmental
                              Control Technology, Washington, DC  20545
    Period:                    1978 -  N/A
    Funds:                     N/A

    Oil shale, Refining, Wastewaters, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Biological
    treatment, Pollution control

    Shale oil retort water, generated by the pyrolysis recovery process, is
    similar  in some respects  to wastewaters from petroleum refineries and
    coking plants although retort water is much higher in dissolved organics
    and tends to have a greater aliphatic/aromatic ratio than coal-derived
    waters.   Processes for bench scale  testing are essentially the same as
    those used in refineries.   It was felt that although high organic removal
    was attained by biological  treatment alone, unusually high concentrations
    of  organics in retort water may mean that this method will not be sufficient
    to  meet  water quality standards and that supplementary treatment such as
    activated carbon sorption  will  be required.
    [from SSIE No. DN-556]
                                     182

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    79B-R065
    IDENTIFICATION OF REFRACTORY ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM TREATED REFINERY
    WASTEWATERS
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization
    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
                          Harrison,  W.
                          US Department of
                          9700 S.  Cass  Ave
                          US Environmental
                          R&D, Robert
                          PO Box 1198
          Energy, Argonne National  Lab.,
          ,  Argonne/IL  60439
          Protection Agency,  Office of
     S.  Kerr Environmental  Research Lab.
      Ada, OK  74820
                          6/75 -
                          N/A
10/78
    Refining, Wastewater treatment, Contaminants, Pollution control,
    Illinois, *Indiana

    This study identified the refractory organic pollutants in treated petroleum
    effluents entering waters in the Calumet District of Illinois and Indiana.
    Results will  be used to evaluate, plan, formulate, and implement  research
    on treatment and control systems  to remove these organic contaminants
    discharged from petroleum refining wastewater treatment systems.

    [from SSIE No. GMA-5293]
    79B-R066
    IDENTIFICATION OF REFRACTORY ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN TREATED REFINERY WASTE-
    WATERS
    Principal  Investigator:   Raphaelian, L.A.
                              US Dept.  of Energy, Argonne National  Lab.,
                              9700 S. Cass Ave., Argonne, IL  60439
                              US Dept.  of Energy, Division of Environmental
                              Control Technology, Washington, DC  20545.
                              Contract W-31-109-ENG-38
                              1977
                              N/A
Performing Organization:

Supporting Organization:
Period:
Funds:
    Wastewater treatment, Refineries, Activated sludge, Chemical  analysis,
    GC/MS, DOE, EPA, *Activated carbon
    GC/MS was used at four oil  refineries using activated sludge  for waste-
    water treatment to determine 1) the effectiveness of their present waste-
    water treatment processes and 2) the usefulness of a secondary treatment
    consisting of activated carbon as outlined in EPA's "Refining Guidelines
    Document."
    Status:   A final report was due in September 1978.
    [from Division of Environmental Control  Technology Program-1977.  US
    Department of Energy, 1978.  Report DOE/EV-0015.  p. 48-49]
                                     183

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    79B-R067
    MEMBRANE ULTRAFILTRATION
    WASTEWATERS
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization:

    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
                         OF  SULFONATES AND OIL FROM MICELLAR FLOODING

                          Thompson,  R.E.
                          University of Tulsa, Chemical  Engineering Dept.,
                          600  S.  College Ave., Tulsa,  OK  74104
                          US Dept.  of Energy,  Oak Ridge  Operations,
                          PO Box  E,  Oak Ridge, TN  37830.
                          Contract   EE-77-S-05-5596
                          9/77 -  9/79
                          $36,440 FY 78
    Wastewaters,  Filtration,  Pollution control, Pollution prevention,
    Refining, *Micellar flooding,  *Sulfonates
    The title project is the  first part of a three-part program to study
    the removal  of spent sulfonates and emulsified or dispersed oil from
    micellar flooding wastewaters  generated in enhanced petroleum recovery
    operations.   This part is devoted to testing and evaluation of a membrane
    ultrafilter  with  synthetic wastewaters.  Solute rejection and membrane
    fouling as a  function of  composition and operating parameters will  con-
    stitute the  first stage of investigation.
    [from SSIE No. DQ-37]
    Status:  During this second year of the project,work will  be continuing
    on filtration of simulated wastewater with a cellulose acetate membrane
    to determine  the effects  of different sulfonates and polymers.
    Information  Source:  R.E. Thompson, address above.
    2.  Oil-Water Separation
    7.9B-R068
    OILY WATER SEPARATORS EVALUATION
    Principal  Investigator:    Sili, P., B. Tramier, and I.P. Thery
    Performing Organization:   Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine (Production),
                              Avenue des Lilas, 64000 Pau, France
                              Societe Nationale Elf Aquitaine (Production)
                              Total Expl.  Prod.,  204 Rond Point du Pont de
                              Sevres, 92516 Boulogne Billancourt, France
                              N/A
                              $600,000
Supporting Organization:
Period:
Funds:
    Oil-water separation, Equipment,
    France, *Performance testing
                                 Design-engineering, Analytical techniques,
                                     184

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
    Oil-water separators are being tested in a pilot plant built  in  France
    for this purpose.   Test parameters include the amount and quality  of
    oil, the size of oil droplets, the temperature, the amount of suspended
    solids, and the salt content of the water.

    Status:   The pilot plant is now fully operational.   Analytical equipment
    includes IR and UV spectrophotometers and a laser granulometer.  Six
    commercial separators are currently under evaluation.

    Information Source:  B. Tramier, address above.
                                     185

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CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
H.  MISCELLANEOUS
    79B-R069
    MESA/PUGET SOUND ENERGY RESEARCH PROJECT AND MESA N.Y. BIGHT DATA BASE
    MANAGEMENT
    Principal  Investigator:
    Performing Organization:
    Supporting Organization:
    Period:
    Funds:
                          Law, E.F., D. Dale, J. Ridlon, and S. Stillwaugh
                          US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA National Oceanographic
                          Data Center, 2001 Wisconsin Ave. N.W.,
                          Washington, DC  20235
                          US Dept. of Commerce, NOAA, Environmental
                          Research Labs., 14th and Constitution Ave. N.W.,
                          Washington, DC  20234
                          10/77 - 9/78
                          $41,000 FY 78
                                              Statistical  analysis, Puget Sound,
Information systems, Resource management.
Washington, New York, *MESA

These efforts will  establish a specialized MESA/PSERP data base to provide
rapid and efficient data displays, data summaries, statistical analyses,
data collection inventories and other data products and services required
by the MESA/PSERP project and subsequent users.
[from SSIE No. ZBP-1640]
                                     186

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           Guide to the Master List  of  Keywords and the
                      Subject Keyword  Index


The following Master List of Keywords  is  a  controlled list of
approximately 400 scientific, technical,  geographic,  and other
descriptive terms relevant to the  field of  oil  pollution.   For
each literature abstract and research project summary contained in
this issue, a string of several  terms has been  selected from this
list to serve as a reference guide to  each  entry.   The Master List
is continually updated to reflect  common  word usage and current
trends in oil pollution literature and  research.   When necessary,
additional free-language terms are assigned  to  more thoroughly
define the subject coverage of an  entry;  such terms are preceded
by an asterisk (*).

The terms included in the Master List  are alphabetically permuted
by computer to form the Subject  Keyword Index.   Thus, the string
of keywords for each abstract is listed in  all  possible alpha-
betical arrangements to provide  rapid  access to,  and  cross-
referencing of, any entry in this  issue.  The free-language terms
(*) are not alphabetically permuted.

To effectively use the permuted  Subject Keyword Index, the reader
should use the following procedure:   1) Scan the  Master List of
Keywords and Cross-Reference Guide to  determine all possible terms
and word variants applicable to  the  topic of interest; 2)  look up
all terms in the permuted Subject  Keyword Index and scan the other
keywords in each entry to determine  the relevancy of  the entry;
3) note the citation numbers of  relevant  entries  and  locate them
in the body of the ABSTRACTS.  Citation numbers prefixed with the
letter R denote research project summaries.
                                187

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                     MASTER LIST OF KEYWORDS
                    AND CROSS-REFERENCE GUIDE
                         TO RELATED TERMS
S:
SA:
See
See
also
Absorption
  SA: Adsorption, Sorbents
Activated sludge
  SA: Biological treatment,
  Sludge, Solid wastes
Acute effects
  SA: Biological effects,
  Mortality, Toxicity
Adsorption
  SA: Absorption, Sorbents
Africa
Alabama
Alaska
Algae
  SA: Phytoplankton
Amoco Cadiz spill
  SA: France
Amphipods
  SA: Invertebrates
Analytical techniques
  SA: Bioassay, Chemical anal-
  ysis, Chromatography, Detec-
  tion, GC/MS, Source identifi-
  cation, Spectrometry,
  Spectroscopy
Animals
  SA: Birds, Invertebrates,
  Marine mammals, Marine organ-
  isms, Vertebrates, Wildlife
Annelids
  SA: Invertebrates, Marine
  organisms, Polychaetes
Antarctica
API  (American Petroleum
  Institute)
Aquatic environment
  SA: Freshwater, Lakes, Marine
  environment, Oceans, Rivers,
  Sea surface, Streams
Arctic
  SA: Ice,  Subarctic regions   ]
                        Arctic Ocean
                        Argentina
                        Argo Merchant  spill
                        Aromatic hydrocarbons
                          SA: Hydrocarbons,  PAH
                        Asia
                        Atlantic coast
                        Atlantic Ocean
                        Australia
                        Bacteria
                          SA: Microorganisms
                        Bahamas
                        Ballast
                        Baltic Sea
                          SA: Segregated  ballast,  Tank-
                          ers, Wastewater treatment
                        Barents Sea
                        Baseline studies
                          SA: EIS
                        Bays
                          SA: Coastal  waters,
                          Estuaries, Harbors
                        Beach cleanup
                          SA: Spill  cleanup
                        Beaches
                          SA: Coasts,  Intertidal zone,
                          Sediments, Shorelines
                        Beaufort Sea
                        Behavior
                          SA: Dispersion, Drift, Fate,
                          Movement,  Spreading
                        Belgium
                        Benthos
                          SA:  Invertebrates, Marine
                          organisms
                        Bering  Sea
                        Bermuda
                        Bibliographies
                        Bilges
                          SA:  Ships, Tankers
                       88

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Bioassay
  SA: Analytical techniques
Biodegradation
  SA: Bacteria, Microorganisms
Biogenic hydrocarbons
  SA: Hydrocarbons
Bioindicators
Biological effects
  SA: Acute effects, Chronic
  effects, Sublethal effects,
  Toxicity
Biological treatment
  SA: Wastewater treatment
Biomass
Birds
  SA: Animals, Vertebrates,
  Wildlife
Black Sea
  SA: USSR
BLM  (Bureau of Land Management)
  SA: Government agencies,
  US government
Blowout prevention
Blowouts
Book review
Booms
  SA: Design-engineering,
  Equipment,  Spill containment
Bouchard 65 spill
  SA: Buzzards Bay
Brazil
Buzzards Bay
  SA: Massachusetts
California
  SA: Pacific coast
Canada
Carcinogens
  SA: Health hazards,  PAH
Caribbean Sea
Caspian Sea
  SA: USSR
Chedabucto Bay
  SA: Canada
Chemical analysis
  SA: Analytical techniques,
  Chromatography, Detection,
  GC/MS, Source  identification,
  Spectrometry,  Spectroscopy
Chemical effects
Chesapeake Bay
  SA: Delaware, Maryland
Chile
China
Chromatography
  SA: Analytical techniques,
  Chemical analysis, GC/MS    ]gg
Chronic effects
  SA: Biological effects,
  Toxicity
Coalescence
  SA: Flocculation,
  Wastewater treatment
Coastal waters
  SA: Atlantic coast, Bays,
  Coasts, Harbors, Pacific
  coast
Coastal zone management
  SA: Environmental management,
  Resource management
Coasts
  SA: Bays, Beaches, Coastal
  waters, Harbors, Ports,
  Shorelines
Cold Climates
  S: Arctic, Arctic Ocean,
  Subarctic regions
Compensation
  SA: Insurance, Liability
Concentrations
  SA: Chemical analysis.
  Detection
Connecticut
Conservation
  SA: Coastal zone management,
  Environmental management,
  Resource management
Containment
  S: Booms, Equipment, Spill
  cleanup, Spill containment
Contaminants
Contamination
Contingency planning
  SA: Spill cooperatives,
  Spill response
Corals
Coral reefs
Cost analysis
  SA: Economics, Economic
  effects
Crankcase oil
  SA: Lubricating oil
Crude oil
  SA: Aromatic hydrocarbons,
  Hydrocarbons
Crude oil washing
  SA: Ballast, Oil discharges,
  Segregated ballast, Tankers
Crustaceans
  SA: Invertebrates, Marine
  organisms
Decomposition

-------
Deepwater ports
  SA: Harbors, Oil terminals,
  Ports
Delaware
Delaware Bay
Demulsification
Denmark
Design-engineering
  SA: Equipment, Patent,
  Product information
Detection
  SA: Chemical analysis, Moni-
  toring, Source identification
Development
  SA: Drilling, Exploration,
  Growth, Offshore development,
  Production
Dispersants
  SA: Emulsifiers, Spill
  cleanup,  Surfactants
Dispersion
  SA: Behavior, Drift,
  Movement, Spreading
Disposal
  SA: Waste oil disposal,
  Wastewater disposal,
  Wastewaters
Distillation
Distribution
  SA: Concentrations
DOE  (Department of Energy)
  SA: Government agencies, US
  government
Drift
  SA: Behavior, Dispersion,
  Movement, Spreading
Drilling
  SA: Exploration, Offshore
  drilling, Oil fields, Oil
  wells, Platforms
Echinoderms
  SA: Invertebrates, Marine
  organisms
Economic effects
  SA: Socioeconomic effects
Economics
  SA: Cost analysis
Ecosystems
  SA: Food web, Habitats,
  Niches
Ecuador
Effluents
  S: Wastewaters
Effluent treatment
  S: Wastewater treatment
                               190
EIS (Environmental Impact
  Statement)
  SA:  Baseline studies
Ekofisk blowout
Emulsification
Emulsifiers
  SA:  Dispersants, Surfactants
Emulsions
Engineering
  S: Design-engineering
England
  SA:  UK
English Channel
Environmental deterioration
Environmental effects
Environmental Impact Statement
  S: Baseline studies, EIS
Environmental management
  SA:  Coastal zone management,
  Resource management
Environmental protection
EPA (Environmental Protection
  Agency)
  SA:  Government agencies, US
  government
Equipment
  SA:  Booms, Patents, Product
  information, Skimmers, Spill
  cleanup
ERDA (Energy Research and
  Development Administration)
  SA:  DOE, Government agencies,
  US government
Estuaries
  SA:  Bays
Europe
Evaporation
Exploration
  SA:  Drilling, Offshore
  exploration, Production
Extraction
  SA:  Oil shale, Production,
  Tar sands
Fate
  SA:  Behavior
FEA (Federal Energy
  Administration)
  SA:  DOE, ERDA, Government
  agencies, US government
Filtration
  SA:  Flocculation, Ultrafil-
  tration, Wastewater treatment
Finland
Fish
  SA:  Vertebrates, Marine
  organisms

-------
Fisheries
Flocculation
  SA: Coalescence, Filtration,
  Wastewater treatment
Florida
Florida spill
Flotation
  SA: Oil-water separation,
  Wastewater treatment
Food chain
  S: Food web
Food web
Foreign governments
  SA: Government  agencies
Fossil fuels
  SA: Crude oil
France
Freshwater
  SA: Groundwater, Lakes,  Riv-
  ers, Streams, Water quality
Fuel oil
Fuels
  SA: Fossil fuels
Fungi
  SA: Microorganisms
Gas-liquid chromatography
  S: Chemical  analysis,
  Chromatography
Gasoline
  SA: Fuel oil, Fuels
GC/MS  (Gas chromatography/Mass
  spectrometry)
  SA: Analytical  techniques,
  Chemical analysis, Chromato-
  graphy, Spectrometry
Georges Bank
  SA: Atlantic Ocean, OCS
Georgia
Germany, East
Germany, West
Government agencies
  SA: ELM, DOE, EPA, ERDA,  FEA,
  NOAA, USCG,  USGS, USN; For-
  eign governments, State
  governments, US government
Gravity separation
  SA: Oil-water separation,
  Wastewater treatment
Great Britain
  S: UK
Great Lakes
Greenland
Groundwater
  SA: Freshwater, Water  quality
Growth
  SA: Development, Metabolism
                               191
Guidelines
  SA: Manuals, Regulations
Gulf of Alaska
Gulf of Mexico
Habitats
  SA: Ecosystems, Niches
Harbors
  SA: Bays, Coastal waters,
  Deepwater ports, Oil
  terminals, Ports
Health hazards
  SA: Carcinogens
Hydrocarbons
  SA: Aromatic hydrocarbons,
  Biogenic hydrocarbons, Crude
  oil, PAH, WSF
Ice
  SA: Arctic, Subarctic regions
Illinois
IMCO  (International Maritime
  Consultative Organization)
  SA: International agreements
Incineration
  SA: Waste oil treatment
India
Indian Ocean
Indonesia
Industries
  SA: Oil industry. Petro-
  chemicals
Information systems
Infrared spectroscopy
  S: Analytical techniques,
  Spectroscopy
Inland
  SA: Land spills. Onshore
  impacts
Insurance
  SA: Compensation, Liability
International agreements
  SA: Foreign governments
International conventions
  SA: Foreign governments,  Leg-
  islation, Regulations
Intertidal zone
  SA: Beaches, Coastal Waters,
  Shorelines
Invertebrates
  SA: Benthos, Crustaceans,
  Echinoderms, Marine organ-
  isms, Mollusks
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
  SA: UK
Israel

-------
Italy
Japan
Kuwait
Labrador Sea
Lakes
  SA: Freshwater, Great Lakes
Land farming
  SA: Waste oil disposal
Land spills
  SA: Inland
Law enforcement
  SA: Legislation, Regulations
Leakage
  SA: Oil discharges
Legislation
  SA: International conven-
  tions. Law enforcement,
  Regulations
Liability
  SA: Compensation, Insurance,
  Law enforcement
Lightering
  S: Oil transfer, Ships,
  Tankers
Louisiana
Lubricating oil
  SA: Crankcase oil
Maine
Manuals
  SA: Guidelines
Marine environment
  SA: Aquatic environment,
  Oceans, Sea surface
Marine mammals
  SA: Animals, Vertebrates,
  Wildlife
Marine organisms
  SA: Animals, Annelids, Crus-
  taceans, Echinoderms, Fish,
  Invertebrates, Microorgan-
  isms, Mollusks, Vertbrates
Marshes
Maryland
Massachusetts
Mass spectrometry
  S: GC/MS, Spectrometry
Mass spectroscopy
  S: Spectroscopy
Mediterranean Sea
Metabolism
  SA: Growth, Release, Uptake
Metula spill
  SA: Strait of Magellan
Mexico
Michigan
  SA: Great Lakes
  Microorganisms
    SA: Algae,  Bacteria,  Biodeg-
    radation,  Fungi,  Yeasts
  Middle East
  Mississippi
  Mississippi  River
  Models
    SA: Behavior,  Predictions,
    Spill  trajectories
  Mollusks
    SA: Invertebrates,  Marine
    organisms
  Monitoring
    SA: Detection,  Remote sen-
    sing,  Sampling,  Surveillance
  Mortality
    SA: Acute  effects,  Toxicity
  Motor oil
    S: Crankcase  oil
  Movement
    SA: Behavior,  Drift,
    Spreading
  Narragansett Bay
    SA: Massachusetts
  Natural  seepage
    SA: Santa  Barbara Channel
  Neuston
  New Hampshire
  New Jersey
  New Mexico
  New York
  Niches
    SA: Ecosystems,  Habitats
  NOAA  (National  Oceanic  and
    Atmospheric Adminstration
    SA: Government agencies, US
    government
  North Carolina
  North Sea
  Norway
  Oceans
    SA: Atlantic  Ocean, Marine
    Environment,  Pacific  Ocean
  OCS  (Outer  Continental  Shelf)
    SA: Offshore  development.
    Offshore  drilling,  Offshore
    exploration,  Offshore
    production, Oil  fields, Oil-
    gas leasing
  Offloading
    S:  Oil  transfer,  Ships,
    Tankers
  Offshore development
    SA: Development
  Offshore drilling
192  SA: Drilling, Platforms

-------
Offshore exploration
  SA: Exploration
Offshore production
  SA: Oil fields, Oil wells.
  Production
Oil
  S: Crankcase oil, Crude  oil,
  Fossil fuels, Fuel oil,
  Lubricating oil, Oil  shale,
  Petroleum products, Residual
  oils, Tar, Tar sands,  Waste
  oil, WSF
Oil discharges
  SA: Leakage
Oil fields
  SA: Production
Oil-gas leasing
  SA: OCS, Offshore develop-
  ment
Oil industry
  SA: Refineries
Oil removal
  SA: Pollution control.  Spill
  cleanup
Oil shale
  SA: Extraction
Oil slicks
Oil spills
  SA: Spill cleanup, Spill
  containment, Spill disposal,
  Spill removal, Spill
  response
Oil sands
  S: Tar sands
Oil tanks
  SA: Storage
Oil terminals
  SA: Deepwater ports,  Har-
  bors, Oil transfer,  Ports
Oil transfer
  SA: Harbors, Ports
Oil transport
  SA: Pipelines, Tankers
Oil-water separation
  SA: Gravity  separation,
  Waste oil treatment.  Waste-
  water treatment
Oil wells
  SA: Drilling, Offshore
  drilling, Offshore produc-
  tion. Oil fields,  Production
Olympic Games  spill
Onshore impacts
  SA: Inland
Oregon
  SA: Pacific  Northwest
                              193
Oxidation
  SA: Biodegradation, Weather-
  ing
Pacific coast
Pacific Northwest
Pacific Ocean
PAH  (Polycyclic aromatic
  hydrocarbons)
  SA: Aromatic hydrocarbons.
  Hydrocarbons
Patent
  SA: Design-engineering,
  Equipment
Pennsylvania
Persian Gulf
Personnel training
  SA: Contingency planning.
  Spill response
Petrochemicals
Petroleum
  S: Hydrocarbons, Petroleum
  products
Petroleum industry
  S: Oil industry, Refineries
Petroleum products
  SA: Crankcase oil, Fuel oil,
  Fuels, Gasoline, Lubricating
  oil
pH control
  SA: Chemical analysis
Philippines
Physical effects
  SA: Behavior, Drift,
  Movement
Phytoplankton
  SA: Algae, Microorganisms,
  Plankton
Pipelines
  SA: Oil transfer,  Oil trans-
  port, Trans-Alaskan Pipeline
Plankton
  S: Microorganisms, Phyto-
  pl ankton, Zooplankton
Plants
  SA: Vegetation
Platforms
  SA: Offshore drilling,  Off-
  shore exploration, Offshore
  production,  Oil wells
Pollution control
Pollution prevention
  SA: Environmental  protection,
  Contingency  planning
Polychaetes
  SA: Annelids, Invertebrates,
  Marine organisms

-------
Ports
  SA: Deepwater ports, Harbors,
  Oil terminals
Portugal
Precipitation
  SA: Sedimentation
Predictions
  SA: Models, Spill trajec-
  tories
Product information
  SA: Design-engineering,
  Equipment
Production
  SA: Development, Drilling,
  exploration. Offshore
  production
Prudhoe Bay
  SA: Alaska, Gulf of Alaska
Puerto Rico
Puget Sound
  SA: Pacific Northwest,
  Washington
Reclamation
  SA: Recycling, Reuse
Recovery
  SA: Restoration
Recycling
  SA: Reclamation, Reuse
Red  Sea
Refineries
  SA: Oil industry
Refining
Regulations
  SA: Government agencies,
  Guidelines, International
  agreements, International
  conventions. Legislation
Release
  SA: Growth, Metabolism,
  Uptake
Remote sensing
  SA: Detection, Monitoring,
  Source identification,
  Surveillance
Reproduction
Residual oils
  SA: Tar, Waste oil
Resource management
  SA: Coastal zone management,
  Environmental management
Restoration
  SA: Recovery
Reuse
  SA: Reclamation, Recycling
Rhine River
Rhode Island
                              194
Risk analysis
  SA: Economics
Rivers
  SA: Freshwater, Inland,
  Streams
Russia
  S: USSR
Safety
  SA: Health hazards
Sampling
  SA: Detection, Monitoring,
  Source identification
San Francisco Bay
  SA: California
Santa Barbara Channel
  SA: California
Sansinena spill
Sargasso Sea
  SA: Atlantic Ocean
Saudi Arabia
Scotland
  SA: UK
Seabirds
  S: Birds
Sea surface
Seawater
  SA: Marine environment,
  Oceans, Sea surface
Sedimentation
Sediments
  SA: Soil
Segregated ballast
  SA: Ballast, Crude oil
  washing. Tankers
Ships
  SA: Tankers
Shorelines
  SA: Beaches, Coasts
Sinking agents
Skimmers
  SA: Design-engineering,
  Equipment, Spill cleanup
Sludge
  SA: Activated sludge,  Solid
  wastes
Social effects
Socioeconomic effects
  SA: Economic effects
Soil
  SA: Sediments
Solid wastes
  SA: Disposal, Sludge
Solubility
Solution
Solvents
  SA: Dispersants, Emulsifiers

-------
Sorbents
  SA: Absorption, Adsorption
Source identification
  SA: Detection, Monitoring,
  Sampling, Surveillance
Sources
South Carolina
Soviet Union
  S: USSR
Spain
Spectrometry
  SA: Analytical techniques.
  Chemical analysis, GC/MS
Spectroscopy
  SA: Analytical techniques,
  Chemical analysis
Spill cleanup
Spill containment
Spill cooperatives
  SA: Contingency planning,
  Spill cleanup, Spill  response
Spill disposal
Spill removal
Spill response
  SA: Contingency planning,
  Spill cleanup, Spill  cooper-
  atives
Spill trajectories
  SA:  Drift, Models, Movement,
  Predictions
Spreading
  SA: Behavior,  Drift,  Movement
St.  Lawrence River
  SA: Great Lakes
State governments
  SA: Government agencies
Statistical analysis
Statistics
Storage
  SA: Oil  tanks
Strait of  Gibraltar
  SA: Chili
  SA: Mediterranean  Sea
Strait of  Magellan
Strategic  Petroleum  Reserve
Streams
  SA: Freshwater, Inland,
  Rivers
Subarctic  regions
  SA: Arctic
Sublethal  effects
  SA: Biological effects,
  Toxicity
Superports
  S: Deepwater ports. Oil
  terminals, Ports             1
Supertankers
  S: Tankers
Surfactants
  SA: Dispersants, Emulsifiers
Surveillance
  SA: Monitoring, Remote
  sensing
Sweden
Syria
Tank farms
  SA: Oil tanks
Tankers
  SA: Oil transport, Ships
Tar
  SA: Residual oils
Tar  sands
Texas
Torrey Canyon spill
Toxicity
  SA: Acute effects. Bio-
  logical effects
Trans-Alaska Pipeline
  SA:  Alaska
Tropical regions
Turkey
UK  (United Kingdom)
Ultrafiltration
  SA: Filtration
UN  (United Nations)
  SA: International agreements,
  International conventions
Uptake
  SA: Growth, Metabolism,
  Re 1 e a s e
Urquiola spill
US  (United States)
USCG (US Coast Guard)
US Government
  SA: Government agencies
USGS (US Geological Survey)
  SA: Government agencies, US
  government
USN  (US Navy)
USSR (Union of Soviet  Socialist
  Republics)
Vegetation
  SA: Plants
Venezuela
Vertebrates
  SA: Animals, Birds,  Marine
  mammals, Marine organisms
Vietnam
Virgin Islands
Virginia
Washington
  SA: Pacific Northwest

-------
Waste oil
  SA: Reclamation, Recycling,
  Residual oils
Waste oil disposal
Waste oil treatment
Wastewaters
Wastewater treatment
  SA: Oil-water separation
Waterfowl
  S: Birds
Water quality
  SA: Freshwater, Groundwater
Water soluble fraction
  S: WSF
Weathering
West Indies
Wildlife
  SA: Animals, Birds, Marine
  organisms. Marine mammals
WSF  (Water soluble fraction)
  SA: Crude oil, Hydrocarbons,
  Solution
Yeasts
  SA: Microorganisms
Yugoslavia
Zooplankton
  SA: Microorganisms, Plankton
                                196

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0490  ABSORPTION, MARINE MAMMALS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  CONTAMINATION,  CRUDE OIL, METABOLISM,
           UPTAKE, RELEASE,  *PHOCA  HISPIDA
0528    "   PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS, FISH,  FOOD WEB, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  *TAINTING
0672    "   OIL-WATER  SEPARATION,  PLATFORMS, SORBENTS,  PATENT,  *SORBENT ENDLESS  CORD
R066  ACTIVATED SLUDGE,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, GC/MS,  DOE,
           EPA,  *ACTIVATED CARBON
0485  ACUTE EFFECTS,  INVERTEBRATES,  BENTHOS, CRUDE  OIL,  TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS,
           MORTALITY,  SEDIMENTS,  AMPHIPODS, ARCTIC
0488    "   BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GROWTH,
           REPRODUCTION
R054  ADSORPTION, SOURCES,  FATE, SEDIMENTS, MOVEMENT,  PRODUCTION ,  CONTAMINANTS,  ALASKA  ,
           *COOK INLET
0344  ALASKA ,  MONITORING,  BASELINE STUDIES, MARINE ORGANISMS,  ECOSYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL
           EFFECTS, ALGAE,  DEVELOPMENT
0433    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  PIPELINES,  INLAND,  TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE,
           ICE,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  RESTORATION
0449    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  ICE, ARCTIC,  SUBARCTIC  REGIONS, SPILL CLEANUP,EQUIPMENT,  BEHAVIOR,
           USCG
0458    "   REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION,  COST ANALYSIS,  OIL SPILLS,  COMPENSATION, ECONOMIC
           EFFECTS, US
0464    "   OCS,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION
0510    "   TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MORTALITY, MARINE ORGANISMS,  CRUSTACEANS,
           HYDROCARBONS
0511    "   WSF,  FUEL  OIL, CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS,  FISH, INVERTEBRATES,
           INTERTIDAL ZONE,  BENTHOS,  *PELAGIC ZONE
0516    "   SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, *MACOMA BALTHICA
0543    "   OCS,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, NOAA,  BLM, GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES,  MODELS,  BASELINE
           STUDIES
0544    "   BASELINE STUDIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL-GAS  LEASING,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,
           DEVELOPMENT
0556    "   LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  COMPENSATION,  FISHERIES,  US GOVERNMENT
0559    "   LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  US GOVERNMENT,  STATE GOVERNMENTS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT
0602    "   MODELS, PREDICTIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  TANKERS,  PORTS
0641    "   ESTUARIES,  POLLUTION CONTOL,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  PRODUCTION ,  OIL TRANSPORT,  PIPELINES,
           TANKERS, COASTAL WATERS,  INDUSTRIES
0643    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL
           MANAGEMENT, TANKERS, SAFETY,  ECOSYSTEMS,  LIABILITY, OCS,  OIL INDUSTRY,  POLLUTION
           CONTROL, FISHERIES, GULF OF ALASKA
0657    "   PORTS  , OIL TERMINALS, OIL TRANSPORT,  INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  SPILL
           RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, USCG,  *PORT VALDEZ
0661    "   LEGISLATION,  SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
0665    "   USCG, TANKERS, SAFETY, US GOVERNMENT,  REGULATIONS,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  *VESSEL
           TRAFFIC SERVICE
0668    "   BALLAST ,  OIL REMOVAL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  MONITORING,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,
           GRAVITY SEPARATION, FLOCCULATION, HYDROCARBONS ,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
0673    "   ECOSYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  OIL TRANSPORT,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,  COASTAL
           ZONE MANAGEMENT,  *PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
R016    "   ICE,  BEHAVIOR, BASELINE  STUDIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  DEVELOPMENT  ,
           BEAUFORT SEA
R033    "   OIL SPILLS, ARCTIC, ECOSYSTEMS, FRESHWATER,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALGAE,
           ZOOPLANKTON,  BIOMASS,  REPRODUCTION, UPTAKE,  *TUNDRA PONDS
R036    "   HYDROCARBONS  , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  FISH,
           UPTAKE, METABOLISM, TOXICITY, FOOD WEB,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, DISPERSANTS,  BASELINE
           STUDIES, *PATHOLOGY
R042    "   HYDROCARBONS  , DISTRIBUTION,  CONCENTRATIONS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OFFSHORE
           PRODUCTION, BASELINE STUDIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, BEAUFORT  SEA
R049    "   BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL,  ICE, ARCTIC,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
R054    "   ADSORPTION, SOURCES, FATE,  SEDIMENTS,  MOVEMENT, PRODUCTION , CONTAMINANTS, *COOK
           INLET
0344  ALGAE, ALASKA  , MONITORING,  BASELINE STUDIES, MARINE  ORGANISMS, ECOSYSTEMS,
           ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT
0493    "   HYDROCARBONS  , TOXICITY,  SOLUBILITY,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  *CELL MEMBRANE
0501    "   MICROORGANISMS,  PLANKTON,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  BACTERIA
0517    "   CRUDE OIL,  WSF,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, GROWTH,  METABOLISM,  *NAPHTHALENES,
           *CHLAMYDOMONAS ANGULOSA
R033    "   ALASKA  , OIL  SPILLS, ARCTIC,  ECOSYSTEMS,  FRESHWATER,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
           ZOOPLANKTON,  BIOMASS,  REPRODUCTION, UPTAKE,  *TUNDRA PONDS
R035    "   CARCINOGENS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  MICROORGANISMS,  METABOLISM,  *PROTOZOA, *MICROSOMES,
           *MUTAGENS
0370  AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, SAMPLING,  PAH,  GC/MS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
           OXIDATION,  UPTAKE, MARINE ORGANISMS,  SEDIMENTS, *MOUSSE
0402    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP, SPILL  DISPOSAL, COASTS,  SHORELINES, BEACHES,
           HARBORS, ESTUARIES, FRANCE
0404    "   SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL REMOVAL, EQUIPMENT,  SORBENTS,  DISPERSANTS, BIODEGRADATION,
           EMULSIONS,  *CHEMICAL AGENTS
                                               197

-------
0439  AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL, SPILL  RESPONSE, OIL  SPILLS,  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  CONTINGENCY
          rLANNING,  FRANCE
0541   "  OIL  SPILLS,  DISPERSANTS,  RECOVERY,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
          MARINE ORGANISMS, SPILL CLEANUP
0586   "  SEDIMENTS,  BAYS, DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATIONS, BEHAVIOR,  FATE,  FRANCE
0587   "  FATE,  BEHAVIOR, ESTUARIES,  SHORELINES,  COASTS, BEACHES,  SEDIMENTS,  PHYSICAL
          EFFECTS,  FRANCE, *COASTAL PROCESSES,  *VULNERABILITY INDEX
0480  AMPHIPODS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  WSF,  SEDIMENTS,  UPTAKE, RELEASE,  "NAPHTHALENES,
          *BIOMAGNIFICATION
0485   "  ACUTE  EFFECTS, INVERTEBRATES, BENTHOS,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
          MORTALITY,  SEDIMENTS,  ARCTIC
0355  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, REMOTE SENSING,  MOVEMENT, MONITORING,  SURVEILLANCE,
          HYDROCARBONS  , SPILL  TRAJECTORIES,  SEA SURFACE
0362   "  SPECTROSCOPY, HYDROCARBONS  ,  DISPERSANTS,  OIL SPILLS,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS
0364   "  SAMPLING,  MONITORING,  SURVEILLANCE,  EQUIPMENT, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SPECTROMETRY,
          BIBLIOGRAPHIES
0365   "  DETECTION,  PAH, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  *UV PHOTOMETRY
0373   "  DETECTION,  TOXICITY,  CONCENTRATIONS,  *SPECTROPHOTOMETRY,  *GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS
0375   "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATERS, DETECTION,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, *IR
0378   "  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  WEATHERING,  SAMPLING, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
          SPECTROSCOPY
0379   "  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  SAMPLING, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,
          SPECTROSCOPY, *IR, *UV,  * FLUORESCENCE
0380   "  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FISH,
          FATE,  ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL,  MASSACHUSETTS
0403   "  DISPERSANTS,  TOXICITY,  OIL  SLICKS,  BEACHES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,
          BEACH  CLEANUP, UK, *LICENSING
0545   "  GUIDELINES,  BASELINE  STUDIES, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  SAMPLING,
          MARINE ORGANISMS
0563   "  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  PHYTOPLANKTON,  FISH, CONCENTRATIONS,
          BALTIC SEA,  SWEDEN,  FINLAND,  USSR,  *TAGGING
0571   "  TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS,  SAMPLING,  "LABORATORY DATA ANALYSIS,  * FIELD
          APPLICATIONS
0610   "  PREDICTIONS,  MOVEMENT,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, SAMPLING,   FATE,  GULF  OF  MEXICO
0668   "  ALASKA ,  BALLAST , OIL REMOVAL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  MONITORING,  GRAVITY
          SEPARATION,  FLOCCULATION, HYDROCARBONS , AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS
R013   "  MONITORING,  DETECTION,  EQUIPMENT, SURVEILLANCE
R014   "  HYDROCARBONS  , CONTAMINANTS,  DETECTION,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
R017   "  OIL  SPILLS,  CRUDE OIL,  REMOTE SENSING,  DETECTION,  SURVEILLANCE, MONITORING,
          WEATHERING,  *AGING
R019   "  HYDROCARBONS  , SEDIMENTS, GC/MS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, MARINE ENVIRONMENT
R020   "  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS , SPECTROMETRY,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, *IR
R038   "  HYDROCARBONS  , MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,  ECOSYSTEMS,  FATE,
          ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS,  NOAA
R046   "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
          SPILL  RESPONSE
R047   "  TOXICITY,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, DETECTION, HYDROCARBONS ,  SAMPLING,  CONCENTRATIONS,
          CARCINOGENS
R051   "  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
R060   "  HYDROCARBONS  , FATE,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BUZZARDS
          BAY,  *NEW YORK BIGHT
R068   "  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  FRANCE, *PERFORMANCE TESTING
0491  ANIMALS,  OIL SPILLS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  METABOLISM, MICROORGANISMS, PLANTS,
          FRESHWATER,  SEAWATER,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES
0526   "  CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS,  DISPERSION,  MOVEMENT, *SEA TURTLES
R034   "  MARINE MAMMALS, HABITATS, OIL SPILLS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
          MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  *SEA OTTERS
R041  ANTARCTICA,  BASELINE STUDIES, FOOD WEB,  HYDROCARBONS ,  BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  OFFSHORE
          PRODUCTION,  *KRILL
0422  API,  SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, DISPERSANTS,  OIL SLICKS,  CALIFORNIA,  *PETROLEUM
          CONTINGENCY ORGANIZATION, *FIELD TESTS
0503   "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS,
          BIOASSAY,  *RESEARCH  OVERVIEW
0592  AQUATIC  ENVIRONMENT, FATE,  BIODEGRADATION,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  CHEMICAL  EFFECTS
0613   "  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  TOXICITY, FISH,  UPTAKE, FATE,  *PNA
R044   "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOASSAY, TOXICITY,  WASTEWATERS,  GREAT LAKES
0351  ARCTIC,  REMOTE SENSING,  MONITORING, TANKERS, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  COASTAL WATERS,
          SURVEILLANCE, OIL SLICKS, SOURCES,  *SURSAT SATELLITE SYSTEM
0385   "  SPILL  CONTAINMENT, BLOWOUTS,  SPILL  REMOVAL,  EQUIPMENT,  OCS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
          'UNDERWATER CONTAINMENT
0446   "  SPILL  RESPONSE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  MODELS, MOVEMENT,  SPREADING,  ICE
0449   "  ALASKA ,  SPILL RESPONSE,  ICE, SUBARCTIC REGIONS, SPILL CLEANUP,EQUIPMENT,
          BEHAVIOR,  USCG
0485   "  AMPHIPODS, ACUTE EFFECTS, INVERTEBRATES, BENTHOS,  CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL
          EFFECTS,  MORTALITY,  SEDIMENTS
                                               198

-------
0492
0542

0612

0640


R033

R039

R049
R055
0360


0380

0453

0507

0538

0561
0600
0370

0483

0498

0504

0509

0613
0668

R018
R050

R064
0632
R040
0442

0608

0644

0448

0471
0478
0501
0514
0515
0578

0579

0580
0582
0677
R010
R012

R050

R051
R052
ARCTIC,  MARINE MAMMALS,  SUBARCTIC  REGIONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,  METABOLISM
    BASELINE STUDIES,  EIS, DRILLING ,  EXPLORATION ,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL FIELDS,
    SUBARCTIC REGIONS,  CANADA
 "  MODELS,  OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  SEA  SURFACE, PREDICTIONS,
    BEAUFORT SEA
 "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, OIL
    SPILLS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  MICROORGANISMS,  FISH, FISHERIES, NORTH SEA,  OCS,
    OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
 "  ALGAE,  ALASKA  ,  OIL SPILLS, ECOSYSTEMS,  FRESHWATER, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    ZOOPLANKTON, BIOMASS, REPRODUCTION,  UPTAKE,  *TUNDRA PONDS
 "  BASELINE STUDIES,  ICE, OCS, COASTS,  SEDIMENTS,  OIL SPILLS,  FATE,  PREDICTIONS,
    BEAUFORT SEA
 "  ALASKA ,  BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISMS,  CRUDE OIL, ICE,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS
    ICE,  OIL SPILLS,  FATE, MOVEMENT,  PREDICTIONS, *POOLING
ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  PAH,
    GC/MS,  WSF, SEA  SURFACE, SEDIMENTS,  BENTHOS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, ZOOPLANKTON,
    SOURCES,  TANKERS,  GEORGES BANK
 "  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
    HYDROCARBONS  ,  FISH, FATE,  MASSACHUSETTS
    ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, GUIDELINES,  SPILL  RESPONSE,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
    *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
    ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, BIRDS,  MARINE MAMMALS, CONTAMINATION,  BASELINE STUDIES,
    MASSACHUSETTS
 "  BENTHOS,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,  FISH,  ZOOPLANKTON, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  TANKERS,
    MASSACHUSETTS
 "  OIL SPILLS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS,  TANKERS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  WILDLIFE,
    EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  SHIPS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  MICROORGANISMS, TOXICITY,
    LEGISLATION
 "  MODELS,  OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  PREDICTIONS, SPREADING,  DRIFT
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SAMPLING, PAH,  GC/MS,
    OXIDATION, UPTAKE,  MARINE ORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS,  *MOUSSE
 "  HYDROCARBONS  ,  SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  MARINE  ENVIRONMENT,
    NORWAY
 "  WSF,  FUEL OIL,  TOXICITY, MORTALITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, RESPIRATION,  GROWTH,
    DEVELOPMENT ,  METABOLISM, *RHITHROPANOPEUS  HARISSI, *LIMULUS  POLYPHEMUS
 "  MARSHES,  ECOSYSTEMS, HYDROCARBONS ,  BENTHOS,  BIOINDICATORS,  INVERTEBRATES,
    CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  OIL DISCHARGES,  MONITORING,  *BIOMAGNIFICATION
 "  CARCINOGENS,  SOURCES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  FOOD WEB, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  MARINE
    ENVIRONMENT,  * AHH
 "  AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT, TOXICITY,  FISH, UPTAKE,  FATE,  *PNA
 "  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, ALASKA  , BALLAST ,  OIL REMOVAL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
    MONITORING, GRAVITY SEPARATION, FLOCCULATION, HYDROCARBONS
 "  CONTAMINANTS,  DETECTION, SEDIMENTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PUGET  SOUND,  WASHINGTON
    BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS, BACTERIA,  PAH,  LAKE S, RIVERS, *GENETIC
    ENGINEERING,  *PSUEDOMONAS
    OIL SHALE, REFINING, WASTEWATERS,  BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT,  POLLUTION CONTROL
ATLANTIC COAST, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  OCS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT
 "  RISK ANALYSIS,  OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MODELS
ATLANTIC OCEAN, SPILL COOPERATIVES, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL
    RESPONSE, EQUIPMENT, PERSONNEL TRAINING,  OCS
 "  MODELS,  OIL SPILLS,  FISHERIES,  PREDICTIONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,  FATE,
    FISH, SPREADING,  DRIFT, MOVEMENT,  GEORGES BANK,  *COD
 "  FISHERIES, OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, REGULATIONS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ONSHORE
    IMPACTS,  OIL  INDUSTRY, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
AUSTRALIA,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  DISPERSANTS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
    FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, OIL INDUSTRY
 "  POLLUTION PREVENTION, POLLUTION CONTROL,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  *PROCEEDINGS
 "  POLLUTION PREVENTION, POLLUTION CONTROL,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT
BACTERIA, ALGAE,  MICROORGANISMS,  PLANKTON,  HYDROCARBONS
 "  DISPERSANTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  FRESHWATER,  ZOOPLANKTON,  FUNGI,  MICROORGANISMS
 "  FRESHWATER, CRUDE OIL, OIL  SPILLS,  PLANKTON,
 "  BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS
    *CYCLOHEXANOL
 "  BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS
                                       *PSEUDOMONAS
                                                BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ICE,  ECOSYSTEMS
                                                ,  METABOLISM, GROWTH,  OXIDATION,

                                                ,  CRUDE  OIL,  SPILL CLEANUP,  *PLASMID
                                                       METABOLISM,  GROWTH, *BUTADIENE
                                                *ADRIATIC SEA,  *,  *VALORIZATION
^RANSFER,  *GENETIC ENGINEERING,
BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS, *N-PARAFFINS
BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS
CONTAMINANTS,  SEAWATER,  COASTAL WATERS,
DETECTION,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  BILGES, WASTEWATERS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  *ENZYME ELECTRODE
BIOINDICATORS,  MICROORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MARINE
ENVIRONMENT,  *CHEMOTAXIS
AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS,  PAH, LAKE  S,  RIVERS,
*GENETIC  ENGINEERING,  *PSUEDOMONAS
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS, CRUDE  OIL,  MARINE  ENVIRONMENT, ESTUARIES, SEDIMENTS
                                                199

-------
0476  BALLAST  ,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EQUIPMENT,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  TANKERS, FILTRATION,
           DESIGN-ENGINEERING
0668    "   AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,  ALASKA ,  OIL REMOVAL,  WASTEWATER
           TREATMENT,  MONITORING,  GRAVITY SEPARATION, FLOCCULATION, HYDROCARBONS
0348  BALTIC SEA,  MONITORING,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
0371    "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CONCENTRATIONS,  SPECTROSCOPY,  *IR
0563    "   ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  PHYTOPLANKTON,
           FISH,  CONCENTRATIONS,  SWEDEN, FINLAND,  USSR,  *TAGGING
0572    "   CRUDE  OIL,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CONTAMINATION
0495  BARENTS  SEA, WSF, CRUDE OIL,  FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  REPRODUCTION,  *HATCHING
0344  BASELINE STUDIES, ALGAE,  ALASKA , MONITORING, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  ECOSYSTEMS,
           ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT
0507    "   ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIRDS,  MARINE MAMMALS,  CONTAMINATION,
           MASSACHUSETTS
0512    "   INVERTEBRATES, BENTHOS, HYDROCARBONS ,  CONTAMINATION, SAMPLING,  OCS, CALIFORNIA
0529    "   SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  COST ANALYSIS,  MODELS, PREDICTIONS
0542    "   ARCTIC,  EIS, DRILLING , EXPLORATION , ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL FIELDS,  SUBARCTIC
           REGIONS, CANADA
0543    "   ALASKA , OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, NOAA,  BLM,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, MODELS
0544    "   ALASKA , ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL-GAS LEASING,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, DEVELOPMENT
0545    "   ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  GUIDELINES,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
           SAMPLING, MARINE  ORGANISMS
0547    "   ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  OIL INDUSTRY,
           RISK ANALYSIS, PERSIAN GULF, KUWAIT,  *UNEP
0550    "   PHYTOPLANKTON, ZOOPLANKTON, BENTHOS,  OIL TRANSFER,  SHIPS, DELAWARE BAY
0640    "   ARCTIC,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, OIL  SPILLS,
           SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  MICROORGANISMS,  FISH,  FISHERIES,  NORTH SEA,  OCS, OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT
R016    "   ALASKA , ICE, BEHAVIOR, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RESPONSE,  DEVELOPMENT , BEAUFORT
           SEA
R036    "   ALASKA , HYDROCARBONS , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
           FISH,  UPTAKE, METABOLISM,  TOXICITY,  FOOD WEB,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  DISPERSANTS,
           *PATHOLOGY
R039    "   ARCTIC,  ICE, OCS, COASTS,  SEDIMENTS,  OIL SPILLS,  FATE,  PREDICTIONS,  BEAUFORT SEA
R041    "   ANTARCTICA, FOOD  WEB,  HYDROCARBONS ,  BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,
           *KRILL
R042    "   ALASKA , HYDROCARBONS , DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATIONS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
           OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, BEAUFORT SEA
0369  BAYS,  WATER QUALITY,  CONTAMINANTS, SOURCES, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, JAPAN
0560    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  FISH, WILDLIFE,  MARSHES, SPILL CLEANUP, SHIPS, ST. LAWRENCE
           RIVER, *NEPCO 140 SPILL
0586    "   AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  SEDIMENTS, DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATIONS,  BEHAVIOR, FATE,  FRANCE
0403  BEACH CLEANUP,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  DISPERSANTS,  TOXICITY, OIL SLICKS, BEACHES,
           ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP, UK, *LICENSING
0402  BEACHES, AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL, SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL DISPOSAL, COASTS,
           SHORELINES, HARBORS,  ESTUARIES,  FRANCE
0403    "   BEACH CLEANUP, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, DISPERSANTS,  TOXICITY,  OIL SLICKS,
           ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP, UK, *LICENSING
0406    "   DISPERSANTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  FATE, SEDIMENTS,  CRUDE OIL,
           BRAZIL,  *BRAZILIAN  MARINA SPILL
0425    "   SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSANTS,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           ECONOMICS,  SHORELINES
0426    "   SPILL CLEANUP, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SPILL RESPONSE, RESTORATION,  MARINE MAMMALS,
           MARSHES
0567    "   OIL  SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, METULA SPILL,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN, TANKERS,
           MARSHES, CHILE
0587    "   AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  FATE, BEHAVIOR, ESTUARIES,  SHORELINES, COASTS,  SEDIMENTS,
           PHYSICAL EFFECTS, FRANCE,  *COASTAL PROCESSES,  VULNERABILITY INDEX
0590    "   DISPERSANTS, CRUDE  OIL, FUEL OIL,  BEHAVIOR, SHORELINES, SEDIMENTS
0593    "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  FATE, SEDIMENTS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  *ARROW SPILL
0623    "   TAR, NATURAL SEEPAGE, FATE, DISTRIBUTION, SEDIMENTS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  MARINE
           ORGANISMS,   INTERTIDAL ZONE, CALIFORNIA, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
0356  BEAUFORT SEA, REMOTE  SENSING,  OIL SPILLS, SURVEILLANCE,  EQUIPMENT
0441    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES, CANADA,  *BREX  III FIELD
           EXERCISE
0447    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL  RESPONSE, INDUSTRIES, POLLUTION
           CONTROL, CANADA
0576    "   OIL  SPILLS, SPILL RESPONSE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  FATE,
           MOVEMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY, PLANKTON, MARINE MAMMALS,  FISH, BIRDS,
           *SCIENTIFIC  RESPONSE
0612    "   ARCTIC, MODELS,  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, SPILL TRAJECTORIES, SEA SURFACE,  PREDICTIONS
R016    "   BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA ,  ICE,  BEHAVIOR, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RESPONSE,
           DEVELOPMENT
R039    "   BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,  ICE,  OCS,  COASTS,  SEDIMENTS,  OIL SPILLS,  FATE,
           PREDICTIONS
                                                200

-------
R042  BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA  ,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  DISTRIBUTION,  CONCENTRATIONS,
           OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS
R059    "   MODELS,  ICE,  MOVEMENT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, REMOTE  SENSING,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
           RISK ANALYSIS,  *RADAR
0389  BEHAVIOR, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  BOOMS, OIL SLICKS, MODELS,  EQUIPMENT,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0449    "   ARCTIC,  ALASKA ,  SPILL RESPONSE,  ICE,  SUBARCTIC  REGIONS, SPILL CLEANUP,EQUIPMENT,
           USCG
0494    "   TOXICITY,  FUEL OIL, WSF,  SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS,  *FEEDING,  *CHEMORECEPTION,
           *ILYANASSA OBSOLETA
0522    "   FISH, UPTAKE,  WSF, CRUDE  OIL, GROWTH,  CHRONIC  EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  FISH,
           DEVELOPMENT ,  *PLATICHTHYS STELLATUS
0535    "   RECOVERY,  SPILL CLEANUP,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, FATE,  MOVEMENT,  OIL SPILLS, METULA
           SPILL,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0586    "   BAYS, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  SEDIMENTS,  DISTRIBUTION,  CONCENTRATIONS,  FATE, FRANCE
0587    "   BEACHES,  AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL,  FATE, ESTUARIES, SHORELINES, COASTS,  SEDIMENTS,
           PHYSICAL EFFECTS, FRANCE,  *COASTAL  PROCESSES,  VULNERABILITY INDEX
0588    "   DISPERSANTS,  PHYSICAL  EFFECTS, EMULSIONS
0589    "   OIL SLICKS,  DISPERSION,  *RAINFALL,  *ENTRAINMENT
0590    "   BEACHES,  DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL,  FUEL OIL, SHORELINES, SEDIMENTS
0595    "   MODELS,  BLOWOUTS, FATE,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT
0597    "   MODELS,  FATE,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP, DISPERSANTS,  RISK
           ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
0601    "   ESTUARIES,  MODELS, SPREADING, MOVEMENT, PREDICTIONS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, *TIDAL
           SIMULATIONS
0606    "   OIL SLICKS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, MOVEMENT,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0608    "   ATLANTIC OCEAN, MODELS,  OIL SPILLS,  FISHERIES, PREDICTIONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
           FATE,  FISH,  SPREADING,  DRIFT, MOVEMENT, GEORGES  BANK,  *COD
0624    "   OIL SPILLS,  FATE, MODELS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  MOLLUSKS, FISHERIES,
           *RESEARCH PROGRAM
R016    "   BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA  ,  ICE,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL RESPONSE,
           DEVELOPMENT
R028    "   SPILL  RESPONSE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, SPILL TRAJECTORIES, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  FATE,
           CHEMICAL EFFECTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
R031    "   OIL SHALE,  CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CARCINOGENS,  METABOLISM,  GULF OF MEXICO,
           *DRILLING FLUIDS
R037    "   FISH,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, REPRODUCTION,
           GROWTH,  TOXICITY, MONITORING
R057    "   MODELS,  OIL SLICKS,  PREDICTIONS,  FATE, SANTA BARBARA  CHANNEL
0343   BENTHOS, MONITORING,  INVERTEBRATES, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OIL FIELDS,  NORTH SEA
0347    "   BIOINDICATORS, FISH,  HYDROCARBONS ,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,
           DISTRIBUTION,  SEDIMENTS,  NATURAL  SEEPAGE,  OCS, CALIFORNIA,  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
0360    "   ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS  , BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  PAH,
           GC/MS,  WSF,  SEA SURFACE,  SEDIMENTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  ZOOPLANKTON,  SOURCES,
           TANKERS,  GEORGES BANK
0481    "   CHRONIC EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  INVERTEBRATES,  HYDROCARBONS  ,
           SEDIMENTS,  BIODEGRADATION, UPTAKE
0482    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  INVERTEBRATES,  INTERTIDAL  ZONE,  SHIPS,  FUEL OIL, CHESAPEAKE
           BAY, *BARGE STC-101  SPILL
0485    "   ARCTIC,  AMPHIPODS, ACUTE EFFECTS,  INVERTEBRATES,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL
           AFFECTS,  MORTALITY,  SEDIMENTS
0504    "   AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, MARSHES, ECOSYSTEMS, HYDROCARBONS  ,  BIOINDICATORS,
           INVERTEBRATES, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, OIL DISCHARGES,  MONITORING,  *BIOMAGNIFICATION
0505    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  INVERTEBRATES,  DISTRIBUTION,  DEVELOPMENT ,  COASTAL WATERS,
           ESTUARIES
0511    "   ALASKA ,  WSF,  FUEL OIL,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS,  FISH,
           INVERTEBRATES, INTERTIDAL ZONE, *PELAGIC  ZONE
0512    "   BASELINE STUDIES,  INVERTEBRATES,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  CONTAMINATION,  SAMPLING, OCS,
           CALIFORNIA
0518    "   NATURAL SEEPAGE, SEDIMENTS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  SANTA
           BARBARA CHANNEL
0519    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  INVERTEBRATES,  MOLLUSKS, MORTALITY, COASTS,  CRUDE OIL,
           URQUIOLA SPILL, SPAIN
0525    "   FISH,  MOLLUSKS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CONTAMINATION,  SAMPLING,  HYDROCARBONS  ,
           EKOFISK BLOWOUT, NORTH SEA
0538    "   ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  MARINE ORGANISMS, FISH, ZOOPLANKTON, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           TANKERS,  MASSACHUSETTS
0550    "   BASELINE STUDIES, PHYTOPLANKTON,  ZOOPLANKTON,  OIL TRANSFER,  SHIPS,  DELAWARE BAY
0570    "   PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS, MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  PLANTS,  MONITORING, SPILL
           -LEANUP,  TEXAS
0618    "   CONTAMINATION, SEDIMENTS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  GC/MS,  EKOFISK
           BLOWOUT,  NORTH SEA
0619    "   FUEL OIL,  FATE, SEDIMENTS, HARBORS,  SEDIMENTATION,  INCINERATION, DISTRIBUTION,
           CHEMICAL EFFECTS, CALIFORNIA,  SANSINENA SPILL
R042    "   BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA  ,  HYDROCARBONS  , DISTRIBUTION,
           CONCENTRATIONS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS
                                                201

-------
          WATERS,  MODELS
0364  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SAMPLING, MONITORING, SURVEILLANCE,  EQUIPMENT,
          CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SPECTROMETRY
0491    "  ANIMALS,  OIL SPILLS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, METABOLISM,  MICROORGANISMS, PLANTS,
          FRESHWATER, SEAWATER
0549    "  OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  ONSHORE
          IMPACTS,  OIL-GAS  LEASING,  TEXAS
0625    "  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL-GAS LEASING,  ECONOMICS,
          NORTH SEA,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS
0634    "  OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  OIL SPILLS,  BLM
0656    "  PIPELINES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL
          TRANSFER, COST ANALYSIS
0680    "  PACIFIC COAST, OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, CALIFORNIA,  *ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION,
          *LITERATURE REVIEW
R010  BILGES,  BACTERIA, DETECTION,  HYDROCARBONS ,  WASTEWATERS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  *ENZYME
          ELECTRODE
0503  BIOASSAY,  API,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION, MARINE ORGANISMS,  CHRONIC
          EFFECTS,  *RESEARCH  OVERVIEW
0523    "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  MOLLUSKS,  POLYCHAETES,
          UPTAKE
R044    "  AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY,  WASTEWATERS,  GREAT  LAKES
R061    "  HYDROCARBONS  , PETROCHEMICALS, TOXICITY, ECOSYSTEMS,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  DRILLING
           ,  *DRILLING MUDS
0404  BIODEGRADATION, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL REMOVAL,  EQUIPMENT,  SORBENTS,
          DISPERSANTS, EMULSIONS, *CHEMICAL  AGENTS
0479    "  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, SHIPS,  TANKERS,  SOURCES,
          STATISTICS, DISPERSION, OIL SLICKS,  SPREADING,  EQUIPMENT
0481    "  BENTHOS,  CHRONIC  EFFECTS,  CRUDE  OIL,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS
           ,  SEDIMENTS, UPTAKE
0540    "  MONITORING, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SEDIMENTS,
          INTERTIDAL ZONE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  RESTORATION,  TROPICAL REGIONS,  RECOVERY,
          PUERTO RICO
0577    "  CRUDE OIL,  DISPERSANTS, MICROORGANISMS,  PREDICTIONS,  HYDROS
0578    "  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS , METABOLISM,  GROWTH,  OXIDATION,
          *CYCLOHEXANOL
0579    "  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE  OIL,  SPILL CLEANUP,  *PLASMID
          TRANSFER, *GENETIC  ENGINEERING,  *PSEUDOMONAS
0580    "  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  *H-PARAFFINS
0581    "  HYDROCARBONS  , SOIL,  MODELS, RESPIRATION, EMULSIONS,  GROUNDWATER,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
0582    "  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS , METABOLISM,  GROWTH,  *BUTADIENE
0592    "  AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT,  FATE, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, CHEMICAL EFFECTS
0616    "  FATE,  EVAPORATION,  SEDIMENTATION,  SOLUTION, WEATHERING, FUEL  OIL,  HYDROCARBONS ,
          MARINE ENVIRONMENT, ANALYTICAL TECHNQIUES,  CHROMATOGRAPHY
0624    "  BEHAVIOR, OIL SPILLS,  FATE,  MODELS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS,  FISHERIES,
          *RESEARCH PROGRAM
0671    "  WASTE OIL,  DISPOSAL ,  LAND FARMING,  SLUDGE
R049    "  ARCTIC,  ALASKA ,  MICROORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, ICE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
R050    "  BACTERIA, AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS, MICROORGANISMS,  PAH,  LAKE S,  RIVERS, *GENETIC
          ENGINEERING, *PSUEDOMONAS
R051    "  BACTERIA, ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES, MICROORGANISMS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
R052    "  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  CRUDE  OIL,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, ESTUARIES,  SEDIMENTS
R053    "  HYDROCARBONS  , DECOMPOSITION, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  RECOVERY
0360  BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  BENTHOS,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS ,
          PAH,  GC/MS, WSF,  SEA  SURFACE, SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ZOOPLANKTON,  SOURCES,
          TANKERS,  GEORGES  BANK
R041    "  BASELINE STUDIES, ANTARCTICA, FOOD WEB,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  *KRILL
0345  BIOINDICATORS,  DETECTION,  MICROORGANISMS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  UPTAKE, TOXICITY,
          CONTAMINATION, CONCENTRATIONS, *PROTOZOA
0346    "  DETECTION,  MICROORGANISMS, CONTAMINATION, TOXICITY,  UPTAKE, *PROTOZOA,  *EUPLOTES
          DIADALEOS
0347    "  BENTHOS,  FISH, HYDROCARBONS  , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  DISTRIBUTION,
          SEDIMENTS,  NATURAL  SEEPAGE,  OCS, CALIFORNIA, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
0504    "  BENTHOS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  MARSHES, ECOSYSTEMS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  INVERTEBRATES,
          CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  OIL DISCHARGES,  MONITORING,  *BIOMAGNIFICATION
R011    "  MONITORING, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
R012    "  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MARINE
          ENVIRONMENT, *CHEMOTAXIS
0376  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,  SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS,  GC/MS, WEATHERING,
          CONCENTRATIONS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  METULA SPILL,  STRAIT  OF
          MAGELLAN, CHILE
0465    "  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, REGULATIONS,  IMCO,  OIL TRANSPORT,  TANKERS, SOURCES,
          FATE,  *LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION
0482    "  BENTHOS,  INVERTEBRATES, INTERTIDAL ZONE, SHIPS,  FUEL OIL, CHESAPEAKE BAY,  * BARGE
          STC-101 SPILL
                                                202

-------
0484  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIRDS,  ESTUARIES
0486    "   MICROORGANISMS,  *COMMUNITY STRUCTURE,  *DIATOMS
0487    "   HYDROCARBONS  ,  TOXICITY
0488    "   ACUTE EFFECTS,  BIRDS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  GROWTH,
           REPRODUCTION
0489    "   CRUDE OIL,  WSF,  CONCENTRATIONS, METABOLISM, MORTALITY, REPRODUCTION, GROWTH,
           CRUSTACEANS,  *CRANGON  CRANGON
0491    "   BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  ANIMALS,  OIL SPILLS,  METABOLISM,  MICROORGANISMS,  PLANTS,
           FRESHWATER, SEAWATER
0492    "   ARCTIC, MARINE  MAMMALS,  SUBARCTIC  REGIONS, TOXICITY,  METABOLISM
0493    "   ALGAE, HYDROCARBONS ,  TOXICITY, SOLUBILITY, *CELL MEMBRANE
0495    "   BARENTS SEA,  WSF,  CRUDE OIL, FISH,  REPRODUCTION,  *HATCHING
0497    "   FISH, HYDROCARBONS , FUEL OIL,  CONTAMINATION, REPRODUCTION,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
           GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT ,  *PSEUDOPLEURONECTES AMERICANUS
0502    "   PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  BLACK SEA
0503    "   BIOASSAY,  API,  CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION,  MARINE  ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS,
           *RESEARCH  OVERVIEW
0505    "   BENTHOS, INVERTEBRATES,  DISTRIBUTION,  DEVELOPMENT ,  COASTAL  WATERS,  ESTUARIES
0506    "   SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS ,  INVERTEBRATES,  CRUSTACEANS,
           *HISTOLOGY, *PENAEUS AZTECUS
0508    "   TOXICITY,  CRUDE OIL, DISPERSANTS,  MORTALITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MOLLUSKS ,
           *ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS
0509    "   AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  CARCINOGENS,  SOURCES,  FOOD WEB, MARINE  ORGANISMS, MARINE
           ENVIRONMENT,  * AHH
0513    "   OIL SPILLS,  ZOOPLANKTON,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOMASS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  ESTUARIES
0514    "   BACTERIA,  DISPERSANTS,  FRESHWATER,  ZOOPLANKTON,  FUNGI, MICROORGANISMS
0515    "   BACTERIA,  FRESHWATER,  CRUDE OIL, OIL SPILLS,  PLANKTON, ICE,  ECOSYSTEMS
0517    "   ALGAE, CRUDE  OIL,  WSF,  GROWTH,  METABOLISM, *NAPHTHALENES,  *CHLAMYDOMONAS ANGULOSA
0518    "   BENTHOS, NATURAL SEEPAGE,  SEDIMENTS,  CRUDE OIL,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  SANTA  BARBARA
           CHANNEL
0519    "   BENTHOS, INVERTEBRATES,  MOLLUSKS,  MORTALITY,  COASTS,  CRUDE OIL,  URQUIOLA SPILL,
           SPAIN
0520    "   METULA SPILL,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  INVERTEBRATES, DISTRIBUTION,  COASTS,  SPAIN
0521    "   OIL SPILLS,  RECOVERY,  MORTALITY, INTERTIDAL ZONE,  INVERTEBRATES,  DETECTION,  METULA
           SPILL, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN, CHILE
0522    "   BEHAVIOR,  FISH,  UPTAKE,  WSF, CRUDE OIL,  GROWTH,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  FISH,  DEVELOPMENT
           ,  *PLATICHTHYS  STELLATUS
0523    "   BIOASSAY,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  MOLLUSKS, POLYCHAETES,  UPTAKE
0524    "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CRUDE OIL, FUEL OIL,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  DISPERSANTS, TOXICITY
0525    "   BENTHOS, FISH,  MOLLUSKS,  CONTAMINATION,  SAMPLING,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
           NORTH SEA
0528    "   ABSORPTION,  PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS, FISH,  FOOD WEB,  *TAINTING
0540    "   BIODEGRADATION,  MONITORING, CHROMATOGRAPHY, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL
           EFFECTS, SEDIMENTS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,  RESTORATION,  TROPICAL REGIONS,  RECOVERY,
           PUERTO RICO
0541    "   AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, OIL SPILLS,  DISPERSANTS, RECOVERY,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           MARINE ORGANISMS,  SPILL CLEANUP
0561    "   ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, OIL SPILLS, ECOSYSTEMS,  TANKERS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  WILDLIFE,
           EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SHIPS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, MICROORGANISMS,  TOXICITY,
           LEGISLATION
0563    "   BALTIC SEA,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  PHYTOPLANKTON, FISH,
           CONCENTRATIONS,  SWEDEN,  FINLAND, USSR,  *TAGGING
0566    "   TANKERS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, FISH,  FATE, *DRUPA SPILL
0568    "   OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  RECOVERY,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,
           SPILL CLEANUP,  METULA  SPILL, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN,  CHILE
0570    "   BENTHOS, PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS, MARSHES,  PLANTS,  MONITORING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  TEXAS
0576    "   BEAUFORT SEA,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ENVIRONMENTAL
           EFFECTS, FATE,  MOVEMENT,  TOXICITY,  PLANKTON,  MARINE MAMMALS,  FISH, BIRDS,
           *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
0607    "   MODELS, FISHERIES, OIL SPILLS,  DISPERSANTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, FISH, FATE,
           GEORGES BANK
0608    "   BEHAVIOR,  ATLANTIC OCEAN,  MODELS,  OIL SPILLS, FISHERIES, PREDICTIONS, FATE,  FISH,
           SPREADING,  DRIFT,  MOVEMENT, GEORGES BANK, *COD
0622    "   FUEL OIL,  INCINERATION,  WATER QUALITY,  FATE,  HARBORS,  CALIFORNIA,  SANSINENA  SPILL
0623    "   BEACHES, TAR,  NATURAL  SEEPAGE,  FATE,  DISTRIBUTION,  SEDIMENTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
           INTERTIDAL ZONE, CALIFORNIA, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
0624    "   BIODEGRADATION,  BEHAVIOR,  OIL SPILLS,  FATE, MODELS,  MOLLUSKS,  FISHERIES, *RESEARCH
           PROGRAM
0640    "   BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,
           SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  MICROORGANISMS,  FISH,  FISHERIES,  NORTH  SEA, OCS,  OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT
0643    "   ALASKA , ECONOMIC EFFECTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,
           TANKERS, SAFETY, ECOSYSTEMS, LIABILITY,  OCS,  OIL INDUSTRY, POLLUTION CONTROL,
           FISHERIES,  GULF OF ALASKA
R011    "   BIOINDICATORS,  MONITORING, CONTAMINATION
                                                203

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R012  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIOINDICATORS, BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MARINE
           ENVIRONMENT, *CHEMOTAXIS
R028    "   BEHAVIOR,  SPILL RESPONSE,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, PHYSICAL
           EFFECTS,  FATE, CHEMICAL EFFECTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
R030    "   CRUDE OIL,  HYDROCARBONS ,  CONCENTRATIONS, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
           UPTAKE,  RELEASE,  GROWTH, SEDIMENTS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  PACIFIC COAST
R031    "   BEHAVIOR,  OIL SHALE,  CORALS, CARCINOGENS, METABOLISM, GULF  OF MEXICO,  *DRILLING
           FLUIDS
R032    "   FISH,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,  CRUDE OIL, CCS,  TEXAS, *HISTOPATHOLOGY,
           *SCIAENIDEA
R033    "   ARCTIC,  ALGAE, ALASKA , OIL SPILLS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  FRESHWATER,  ZOOPLANKTON,  BIOMASS,
           REPRODUCTION, UPTAKE,  *TUNDRA PONDS
R034    "   ANIMALS,  MARINE MAMMALS, HABITATS,  OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  MARINE
           ENVIRONMENT, *SEA OTTERS
R036    "   BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA ,  HYDROCARBONS  , SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
           FISH,  UPTAKE, METABOLISM,  TOXICITY,  FOOD WEB,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  DISPERSANTS,
           *PATHOLOGY
R037    "   BEHAVIOR,  FISH, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  REPRODUCTION,  GROWTH,
           TOXICITY,  MONITORING
R038    "   ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  MARINE  ORGANISMS, TOXICITY,  ECOSYSTEMS,
           FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SUBARCTIC REGIONS,  NOAA
R047    "   ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  TOXICITY,  DETECTION, HYDROCARBONS ,  SAMPLING,
           CONCENTRATIONS, CARCINOGENS
R048    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, FOOD WEB, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
R049    "   BIODEGRADATION, ARCTIC, ALASKA  ,  MICROORGANISMS,  CRUDE OIL,  ICE
R060    "   ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FATE, DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
           BUZZARDS BAY, *NEW YORK BIGHT
R064  BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, OIL  SHALE,  REFINING,  WASTEWATERS,
           POLLUTION CONTROL
0513  BIOMASS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,  ZOOPLANKTON, DISTRIBUTION,  HYDROCARBONS ,
           ESTUARIES
R033    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARCTIC, ALGAE,  ALASKA , OIL SPILLS, ECOSYSTEMS, FRESHWATER,
           ZOOPLANKTON, REPRODUCTION,  UPTAKE,  *TUNDRA PONDS
0484  BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ESTUARIES
0488    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,  HYDROCARBONS ,
           GROWTH,  REPRODUCTION
0500    "   HYDROCARBONS , CHRONIC EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, UPTAKE
0507    "   BASELINE STUDIES,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  MARINE MAMMALS,
           CONTAMINATION, MASSACHUSETTS
0576    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  CONTINGENCY
           PLANNING,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  FATE, MOVEMENT,  TOXICITY,  PLANKTON, MARINE
           MAMMALS,  FISH, *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
0475  BLACK  SEA, REGULATIONS, LEGISLATION,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  LAW
           ENFORCEMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT,  USSR
0502    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MARINE ORGANISMS
0543  BLM, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA , OCS,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  NOAA,  GOVERNMENT
           AGENCIES,  MODELS
0634    "   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, OIL SPILLS
0477  BLOWOUT PREVENTION, DRILLING ,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT
0385  BLOWOUTS,  ARCTIC, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL,  EQUIPMENT,  OCS,
           DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  *UNDERWATER CONTAINMENT
0595    "   BEHAVIOR,  MODELS,  FATE, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT
0383  BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL REMOVAL,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, EQUIPMENT, PATENT
0384    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, SHIPS,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT
0386    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, OIL SLICKS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  EQUIPMENT,  EPA, *PERFORMANCE
           TESTING,  *OHMSETT FACILITY
0387    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, RIVERS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERIGN,  *DEFLECTORS
0389    "   BEHAVIOR,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, OIL  SLICKS, MODELS,  EQUIPMENT,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0390    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, EQUIPMENT, FLOTATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  PATENT
0391    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT,  EQUIPMENT
0392    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING
0394    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT
0396    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, ICE, DESIGN-ENGINEBRING, RIVERS, USCG, *CANADIAN COAST GUARD
0398    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, EQUIPMENT, PATENT, *TOW PLATES
0413    "   SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  EQUIPMENT, EPA,  USCG, *PERFORMANCE
           TESTING,  *OHMSETT FACILITY
0415    "   SPILL CLEANUP,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SKIMMERS, SHIPS, *FIELD  TESTS, *AIR
           CUSHION VEHICLES
0419    "   SPILL CLEANUP,  ICE,  EQUIPMENT,  FUEL OIL, SKIMMERS,  INCINERATION,  BOUCHARD 65
           SPILL, BUZZARDS BAY
0456    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE, EQUIPMENT,  SKIMMERS,
           STORAGE,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  LOUISIANA
0469    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  EQUIPMENT,  RISK ANALYSIS, CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  MODELS,  SKIMMERS,
           'COMPUTER SIMULATIONS
                                                204

-------
0614  BOOMS,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  DISPERSANTS,  DISPERSION,  SPREADING, MONITORING,
           MOVEMENT,  FATE
R022    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, SORBENTS, EPA,  *PERFORMANCE  TESTING, *OHMSETT FACILITY
R023    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, EQUIPMENT, EPA,  *PERFORMANCE TESTING,  *AIR JET BOOtl,  *OHMSETT
           FACILITY
R024    "   SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS,  EQUIPMENT,  DOE,  EPA, * PERFORMANCE  TESTING, *OHMSETT
           FACILITY
0419  BOUCHARD 65 SPILL,  BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  ICE, EQUIPMENT,  FUEL OIL,  SKIMMERS,
           INCINERATION,  BUZZARDS  BAY
0585    "   FUEL OIL,  ICE,  MOVEMENT,  OIL SPILLS,  MODELS,  BUZZARDS SAY
0591    "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FUEL OIL,  WEATHERING,
           EVAPORATION,  SAMPLING,  ICE,  SHIPS,  BUZZARDS BAY
0406  BRAZIL, BEACHES,  DISPERSANTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  FATE, SEDIMENTS,
           CRUDE OIL,  *BRAZILIAN  MARINA SPILL
0419  BUZZARDS BAY,  BOUCHARD 65  SPILL, BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  ICE, EQUIPMENT,  FUEL  OIL,
           SKIMMERS,  INCINERATION
0573    "   FUEL OIL,  FATE,  SEDIMENTS,  ICE,  FLORIDA SPILL
0585    "   BOUCHARD 65 SPILL, FUEL OIL, ICE,  MOVEMENT, OIL SPILLS, MODELS
0591    "   BOUCHARD 65 SPILL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, HYDROCARBONS  ,  FUEL OIL,
           WEATHERING,  EVAPORATION,  SAMPLING,  ICE,  SHIPS
R060    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FATE,  DISTRIBUTION,
           CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, *NEW YORK BIGHT
0347  CALIFORNIA, BIOINDICATORS,  BENTHOS,  FISH,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
           CHROMATOGRAPHY,  DISTRIBUTION, SEDIMENTS,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  OCS,  SANTA BARBARA
           CHANNEL
0353    "   REMOTE SENSING,  DETECTION,  NATURAL SEEPAGE, OIL SLICKS, PLATFORMS,  SURVEILLANCE,
           EQUIPMENT,  USCG,  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL,  * RADAR  SYSTEMS
0410    "   SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE, TANKERS,  HARBORS,  EQUIPMENT,  SANSINENA SPILL
0422    "   API, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, DISPERSANTS,  OIL  SLICKS, 'PETROLEUM CONTINGENCY
           ORGANIZATION,  *FIELD TESTS
0424    "   SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE, TANKERS,  HARBORS,  EQUIPMENT,  USCG,  SANSINENA  SPILL
0512    "   BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES,  INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS , CONTAMINATION,  SAMPLING,
           OCS
0596    "   MODELS, OIL SPILLS, SHIPS,  TANKERS,  OIL TRANSPORT,  PREDICTIONS,  COASTAL  WATERS,
           PACIFIC COAST
0619    "   BENTHOS, FUEL OIL, FATE,  SEDIMENTS,  HARBORS,  SEDIMENTATION,  INCINERATION,
           DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL EFFECTS,  SANSINENA SPILL
0622    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FUEL OIL, INCINERATION, WATER QUALITY,  FATE,  HARBORS,
           SANSINENA  SPILL
0623    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEACHES, TAR,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  FATE, DISTRIBUTION, SEDIMENTS,
           MARINE ORGANISMS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
0658    "   TANKERS, OIL TRANSFER,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  EQUIPMENT, *LIGHTERING
           OPERATIONS, *VLCC
0680    "   BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  PACIFIC COAST, OCS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  *ENVIRONMENTAL
           INFORMATION,  *LITERATURE REVIEW
0427  CANADA, PERSONNEL TRAINING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL  RESPONSE
0437    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  *MANITOBA,  *ENVIRONMENTAL ACCIDENT  PROGRAM,
           *SPILL REPORTING
0438    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  DISPERSANTS, EQUIPMENT,  SHIPS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  *CANADIAN COAST
           GUARD
0441    "   BEAUFORT SEA,  SPILL RESPONSE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, *BREX III
           FIELD EXERCISE
0447    "   BEAUFORT SEA,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE,  INDUSTRIES,
           POLLUTION  CONTROL
0542    "   BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,  EIS, DRILLING , EXPLORATION , ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL
           FIELDS, SUBARCTIC REGIONS
0509  CARCINOGENS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  SOURCES,  FOOD WEB, MARINE
           ORGANISMS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, *AHH
R031    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, OIL  SHALE,  CORALS,  METABOLISM,  GULF OF MEXICO,
           *DRILLING  FLUIDS
R035    "   ALGAE, HYDROCARBONS ,  MICROORGANISMS,  METABOLISM,  *PROTOZOA,  *MICROSOMES, *MUTAGENS
R047    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  TOXICITY,  DETECTION,  HYDROCARBONS ,
           SAMPLING,  CONCENTRATIONS
0430  CARIBBEAN SEA,  SPILL  COOPERATIVES, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL  CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT,
           SPILL RESPONSE
0347  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CALIFORNIA,  BIOINDICATORS, BENTHOS,  FISH, HYDROCARBONS ,
           CHROMATOGRAPHY,  DISTRIBUTION, SEDIMENTS,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  OCS,  SANTA BARBARA
           CHANNEL
0348    "   BALTIC SEA, MONITORING
0358    "   SAMPLING,  HYDROCARBONS ,  DISPERSANTS,  DISPERSION
0359    "   CHROMATOGRAPHY,  *TRACE ANALYSIS
0360    "   BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  BENTHOS,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  HYDROCARBONS , PAH, GC/MS,
           WSF, SEA SURFACE, SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  ZOOPLANKTON,  SOURCES,  TANKERS,
           GEORGES BANK
0361    "   SAMPLING,  CONTAMINATION,  FISH, *SALMON,  *SAITHE,  *OIL TAINTING
                                                205

-------
0362  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SPECTROSCOPY,  HYDROCARBONS ,  DISPERSANTS,
          OIL SPILLS
0363    "  HYDROCARBONS  , CONCENTRATIONS,  DETECTION, PACIFIC OCEAN
0364    "  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SAMPLING,  MONITORING,  SURVEILLANCE,
          EQUIPMENT, SPECTROMETRY
0365    "  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  DETECTION,  PAH,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, *UV  PHOTOMETRY
0366    "  SAMPLING, DISPERSANTS,  OIL SPILLS,  EVAPORATION,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  *OIL SPILL  VAPORS
0367    "  HYDROCARBONS  , CONCENTRATIONS,  DETECTION, SAMPLING,  DISTRIBUTION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,
          NORTH SEA
0369    "  BAYS,  WATER QUALITY,  CONTAMINANTS,  SOURCES, JAPAN
0370    "  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, SAMPLING,  PAH, GC/MS,  OXIDATION,  UPTAKE,
          MARINE ORGANISMS,  SEDIMENTS, *MOUSSE
0371    "  BALTIC SEA, CONCENTRATIONS, SPECTROSCOPY, *IR
0372    "  SPECTROSCOPY, WASTEWATERS,  INDUSTRIES
0375    "  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  WASTEWATERS,  DETECTION,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, *IR
0376    "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS,  GC/MS, WEATHERING,
          CONCENTRATIONS, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  METULA SPILL,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN,  CHILE
0377    "  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  USCG, OIL SPILLS, COMPENSATION, LIABILITY
0378    "  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  WEATHERING,
          SAMPLING, SPECTROSCOPY
0379    "  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,  SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS ,
          CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROSCOPY,  *IR,  *UV, * FLUORESCENCE
0380    "  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,
          HYDROCARBONS  , FISH,  FATE,  MASSACHUSETTS
0381    "  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  MONITORING,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL  SPILLS
0504    "  BIOINDICATORS, BENTHOS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  MARSHES, ECOSYSTEMS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,
          INVERTEBRATES, OIL DISCHARGES,  MONITORING, *BIOMAGNIFICATION
0524    "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  FUEL OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  DISPERSANTS,  TOXICITY
0581    "  BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS ,  SOIL,  MODELS, RESPIRATION, EMULSIONS, GROUNDWATER
0584    "  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  HYDROCARBONS ,  ESTUARIES,  ECOSYSTEMS, MICROORGANISMS,  GC/MS
0591    "  BUZZARDS BAY, BOUCHARD 65 SPILL,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FUEL OIL,
          WEATHERING, EVAPORATION,  SAMPLING,  ICE, SHIPS
0593    "  BEACHES, FATE, SEDIMENTS, HYDROCARBONS , *ARROW SPILL
0617    "  SPREADING, DISTRIBUTION,  HYDROCARBONS , FATE,  GC/MS,  EKOFISK  BLOWOUT, NORTH SEA
0618    "  BENTHOS, CONTAMINATION, SEDIMENTS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GC/MS, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  NORTH SEA
0669    "  CRUDE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  REFINERIES, WASTEWATERS,DISPOSAL ,  PUGET SOUND,
          WASHINGTON
R018    "  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  CONTAMINANTS,  DETECTION,  SEDIMENTS,  PUGET SOUND, WASHINGTON
R028    "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,  SPILL RESPONSE,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  SPILL
          TRAJECTORIES, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  FATE,  CHEMICAL EFFECTS, *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
R036    "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA ,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
          MARINE ORGANISMS,  FISH, UPTAKE,  METABOLISM, TOXICITY, FOOD  WEB,  DISPERSANTS,
          *PATHOLOGY
R051    "  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  MICROORGANISMS
R060    "  BUZZARDS BAY, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS , FATE,
          DISTRIBUTION, *NEW YORK BIGHT
R066    "  ACTIVATED SLUDGE,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  GC/MS,  DOE,  EPA, *ACTIVATED
          CARBON
0592  CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,  AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT, FATE, PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0619    "  CALIFORNIA, BENTHOS,  FUEL OIL,  FATE,  SEDIMENTS,  HARBORS, SEDIMENTATION,
          INCINERATION, DISTRIBUTION, SANSINENA SPILL
R028    "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,  SPILL RESPONSE, INFORMATION
          SYSTEMS, SPILL TRAJECTORIES, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  FATE,  *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
0482  CHESAPEAKE BAY, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, INVERTEBRATES, INTERTIDAL ZONE, SHIPS,
          FUEL OIL, *BARGE  STC-101 SPILL
0376  CHILE,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL  SPILLS, SAMPLING,  SEDIMENTS,  GC/MS,
          WEATHERING, CONCENTRATIONS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, METULA SPILL,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0521    "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  RECOVERY, MORTALITY,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,
          INVERTEBRATES, DETECTION, METULA SPILL, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0567    "  BEACHES, OIL  SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, METULA SPILL, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN,
          TANKERS, MARSHES
0568    "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, RECOVERY, ONSHORE IMPACTS,
          INTERTIDAL ZONE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  METULA SPILL,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0652    "  OIL SPILLS, SPILL RESPONSE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, MOVEMENT,  SPREADING, METULA
          SPILL, STRAIT OF  MAGELLAN
0653    "  OIL SPILLS, SPILL RESPONSE, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  TANKERS, OIL TRANSFER, METULA
          SPILL, STRAIT OF  MAGELLAN
0347  CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CALIFORNIA, BIOINDICATORS, BENTHOS,  FISH,
          HYDROCARBONS  , DISTRIBUTION, SEDIMENTS, NATURAL SEEPAGE, OCS, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
0359    "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  *TRACE ANALYSIS
0365    "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES, DETECTION,  PAH, *UV PHOTOMETRY
0367    "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  CONCENTRATIONS, DETECTION,  SAMPLING,
          DISTRIBUTION, NORTH SEA
0379    "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SAMPLING,
          HYDROCARBONS  , SPECTROSCOPY,  *IR,  *UV,   *FLUORESCENCE
                                                 206

-------
0380  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ARGO  MERCHANT  SPILL,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE
           IDENTIFICATION, HYDROCARBONS  , FISH,  FATE, MASSACHUSETTS
0540    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,  MONITORING,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL
           EFFECTS,  SEDIMENTS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,  RESTORATION,  TROPICAL  REGIONS, RECOVERY,
           PUERTO RICO
0591    "   CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, BUZZARDS BAY,  BOUCHARD 65  SPILL,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FUEL OIL,
           WEATHERING,  EVAPORATION,  SAMPLING,  ICE, SHIPS
0616    "   BIODEGRADATION, FATE,  EVAPORATION,  SEDIMENTATION,  SOLUTION,  WEATHERING, FUEL OIL,
           HYDROCARBONS ,  MARINE  ENVIRONMENT,  ANALYTICAL TECHNQIUES
R019    "   ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  SEDIMENTS,  GC/MS, MARINE ENVIRONMENT
R020    "   ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  CRUDE OIL,  HYDROCARBONS  ,
           SPECTROMETRY,  *IR
0481  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,  BENTHOS,  CRUDE OIL,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  INVERTEBRATES,
           HYDROCARBONS ,  SEDIMENTS,  UPTAKE
0483    "   AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  SEDIMENTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  MARINE
           ENVIRONMENT, NORWAY
0488    "   BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, ACUTE  EFFECTS, TOXICITY,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GROWTH,
           REPRODUCTION
0500    "   BIRDS, HYDROCARBONS  ,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, UPTAKE
0503    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIOASSAY, API,  CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
           *RESEARCH OVERVIEW
0522    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, FISH,  UPTAKE, WSF,  CRUDE OIL,  GROWTH, FISH,
           DEVELOPMENT ,  "PLATICHTHYS STELLATUS
0562    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ESTUARIES,  ECOSYSTEMS,  HEALTH HAZARDS,  GULF OF  MEXICO
0575    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, ESTUARIES, MARSHES,  ECOSYSTEMS,
           PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  PHYSICAL  EFFECTS
R030    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS ,  CONCENTRATIONS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
           UPTAKE,  RELEASE, GROWTH,  SEDIMENTS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  PACIFIC COAST
R032    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FISH,  TOXICITY,  CRUDE OIL, DCS,  TEXAS,  *HISTOPATHOLOGY,
           *SCIAENIDEA
0349  COASTAL WATERS,  REMOTE SENSING, SURVEILLANCE, POLLUTION CONTROL,  TANKERS,  SHIPS,
           EQUIPMENT,  SWEDEN
0351    "   ARCTIC,  REMOTE SENSING,  MONITORING,  TANKERS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  SURVEILLANCE,
           OIL SLICKS,  SOURCES,  *SURSAT  SATELLITE SYSTEM
0374    "   BERMUDA,  SEDIMENTS, HYDROCARBONS  ,  CONCENTRATIONS,  TROPICAL REGIONS,  SAMPLING,
           MODELS
0505    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  INVERTEBRATES, DISTRIBUTION, DEVELOPMENT  , ESTUARIES
0536    "   OIL SPILLS,  FATE,  METULA SPILL, URQUIOLA SPILL,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           VULNERABILITY INDEX
0539    "   ECOSYSTEMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CORAL REEFS,  VEGETATION,  PUERTO RICO,
           *RHIZOPHORA MANGLE,  "VULNERABILITY
0564    "   PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS
0574    "   ESTUARIES,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  US,
           *PROCEEDINGS
0596    "   CALIFORNIA,  MODELS, OIL SPILLS, SHIPS, TANKERS,  OIL TRANSPORT,  PREDICTIONS,
           PACIFIC  COAST
0615    "   SOURCES,  FATE,  SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,  OCS, MONITORING, *POLLUTANT TRANSFER
0639    "   OFFSHORE  EXPLORATION,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, DRILLING ,  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL
           EFFECTS,  GULF OF MEXICO
0641    "   ALASKA  ,  ESTUARIES,  POLLUTION CONTOL,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  PRODUCTION ,  OIL TRANSPORT,
           PIPELINES,  TANKERS,  INDUSTRIES
0642    "   OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, OIL-GAS  LEASING, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  COASTAL ZONE
           MANAGEMENT,  FISHERIES,  COMPENSATION,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0677    "   BACTERIA,  CONTAMINANTS,  SEAWATER,  *ADRIATIC SEA,  *,  "VALORIZATION
0569  COASTAL ZONE  MANAGEMENT,  ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION,  COST ANALYSIS,  OIL
           SPILLS,  CONTAMINANTS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS
0574    "   COASTAL WATERS, ESTUARIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  US,
           "PROCEEDINGS
0626    "   ECONOMICS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COST ANALYSIS,  OIL SPILLS,  RESOURCE  MANAGEMENT
0633    "   ESTUARIES,  OIL TRANSFER,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
0634    "   BLM,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  OCS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OIL SPILLS
0635    "   OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL-GAS  LEASING, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  SOCIOECONOMIC
           EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, LOUISIANA
0636    "   ONSHORE  IMPACTS, OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
0642    "   COASTAL WATERS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, OIL-GAS LEASING,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,
           FISHERIES,  COMPENSATION,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0678    "   ALASKA  ,  ECOSYSTEMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, OIL TRANSPORT,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
           "PUBLIC  PARTICIPATION
0402  COASTS, BEACHES, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL DISPOSAL,
           SHORELINES,  HARBORS,  ESTUARIES, FRANCE
0519    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  INVERTEBRATES, MOLLUSKS,  MORTALITY,  CRUDE OIL,
           URQUIOLA  SPILL, SPAIN
0520    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, METULA SPILL,  INTERTIDAL  ZONE,  INVERTEBRATES, DISTRIBUTION,
           SPAIN
                                                 207

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0587  COASTS,  BEHAVIOR, BEACHES,  AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL, FATE,  ESTUARIES,  SHORELINES,  SEDIMENTS,
           PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  FRANCE,  *COASTAL  PROCESSES,  VULNERABILITY INDEX
0659   "   STORAGE,  OIL TANKS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, USN,  EPA,  REGULATIONS,  CONTINGENCY
           PLANNING,  INLAND
R039   "   BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC,  ICE, OCS,  SEDIMENTS,  OIL SPILLS,  FATE,
           PREDICTIONS
0377  COMPENSATION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  USCG,  OIL SPILLS,  LIABILITY
0458   "   ALASKA ,  REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION,  COST ANALYSIS,  OIL SPILLS,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, US
0459   "   OIL  SPILLS, LEGISLATION,  COST ANALYSIS,  LIABILITY,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS
0460   "   OIL  SPILLS, COST  ANALYSIS, LIABILITY,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, *LITIGATION
0463   "   LEGISLATION, OIL  SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  UK
0532   "   ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SHIPS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EPA, ST. LAWRENCE
           RIVER,  *NEPCO 140 SPILL
0551   "   LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, OIL SPILLS,  US GOVERNMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP
0552   "   LEGISLATION, LIABILITY, OIL SPILLS,  *SUPERFUND
0553   "   OIL  SPILLS, LIABILITY,  COST ANALYSIS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS
0554   "   ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, POLLUTION CONTROL,  INDUSTRIES
0555   "   OIL  SPILLS, LEGISLATION,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  *DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
0556   "   ALASKA ,  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  FISHERIES,  US GOVERNMENT
0627   "   LIABILITY, OCS, LEGISLATION, SPILL  CLEANUP,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS
0631   "   LIABILITY, SPILL  COOPERATIVES,  LEGISLATION,  SPILL CLEANUP,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
           *SUPERFUND
0642   "   COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  COASTAL WATERS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, OIL-GAS
           LEASING,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  FISHERIES,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0660   "   LIABILITY, SPILL  COOPERATIVES,  LEGISLATION,  SPILL CLEANUP,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS
0663   "   SAFETY,  LEGISLATION,  US,  TANKERS,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION, REGULATIONS
0345  CONCENTRATIONS, BIOINDICATORS, DETECTION,  MICROORGANISMS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
           UPTAKE,  TOXICITY,  CONTAMINATION,  *PROTOZOA
0363   "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  DETECTION, PACIFIC OCEAN
0367   "   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  DETECTION,  SAMPLING,
           DISTRIBUTION, NORTH SEA
0368   "   HYDROCARBONS ,  DISTRIBUTION, SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS,  HARBORS,  OCS,  NEW YORK
0371   "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BALTIC SEA,  SPECTROSCOPY, *IR
0373   "   ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  DETECTION,  TOXICITY,  *SPECTROPHOTOMETRY,  *GRAVIMETRIC
           ANALYSIS
0374   "   COASTAL WATERS, BERMUDA,  SEDIMENTS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  TROPICAL REGIONS, SAMPLING,
           MODELS
0376   "   CHILE,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS,
           GC/MS,  WEATHERING,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  METULA SPILL,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0489   "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  WSF,  METABOLISM, MORTALITY,  REPRODUCTION,  GROWTH,
           CRUSTACEANS, *CRANGON CRANGON
0563   "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BALTIC SEA,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
           PHYTOPLANKTON,  FISH,  SWEDEN, FINLAND,  USSR,  *TAGGING
0586   "   BEHAVIOR,  BAYS, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  SEDIMENTS,  DISTRIBUTION,  FATE, FRANCE
R030   "   CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS ,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,
           UPTAKE,  RELEASE,  GROWTH,  SEDIMENTS,  ECOSYSTEMS, PACIFIC COAST
R042   "   BENTHOS,  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA ,  HYDROCARBONS ,  DISTRIBUTION,
           OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
R047   "   CARCINOGENS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY, DETECTION,
           HYDROCARBONS ,  SAMPLING
0673  CONSERVATION,  CRANKCASE OIL,  WASTE  OIL,  RECLAMATION, RECYCLING,  REUSE
0369  CONTAMINANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BAYS,  WATER QUALITY,  SOURCES,  JAPAN
0569   "   COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION,  COST  ANALYSIS,
           OIL SPILLS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS
0677   "   COASTAL WATERS, BACTERIA,  SEAWATER,  *ADRIATIC  SEA,  *, VALORIZATION
R014   "   ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS ,  DETECTION, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
R018   "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  DETECTION, SEDIMENTS,  PUGET  SOUND,
           WASHINGTON
R045   "   OIL FIELDS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS, GULF OF MEXICO
R054   "   ALASKA ,  ADSORPTION,  SOURCES, FATE,  SEDIMENTS, MOVEMENT, PRODUCTION ,  *COOK INLET
R065   "   REFINING,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,  ILLINOIS,  "INDIANA
0345  CONTAMINATION, CONCENTRATIONS, BIOINDICATORS,  DETECTION, MICROORGANISMS, SOURCE
           IDENTIFICATION, UPTAKE, TOXICITY,  *PROTOZOA
0346   "   BIOINDICATORS,  DETECTION,  MICROORGANISMS,  TOXICITY,  UPTAKE,  *PROTOZOA,  *EUPLOTES
           DIADALEOS
0361   "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SAMPLING, FISH,  *SALMON,  *SAITHE, *OIL  TAINTING
0490   "   ABSORPTION,  MARINE MAMMALS, HYDROCARBONS  , CRUDE OIL, METABOLISM, UPTAKE,  RELEASE,
           *PHOCA HISPIDA
0497   "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FISH,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FUEL  OIL,  REPRODUCTION,  SUBLETHAL
           EFFECTS, GROWTH,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  *PSEUDOPLEURONECTES AMERICANUS
0503    "   CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIOASSAY, API,  CRUDE  OIL, MARINE  ORGANISMS,
           *RESEARCH OVERVIEW
0507    "   BIRDS, BASELINE STUDIES, ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, MARINE
           MAMMALS, MASSACHUSETTS
0512    "   CALIFORNIA,  BENTHOS,  BASELINE  STUDIES,  INVERTEBRATES,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  SAMPLING,   OCS
                                                208

-------
0525

0526
0572
0618

R011
R058
0427
0428
0429
0430
0432

0433

0434
0435

0436
0439
0441
0442

0443
0444

0445

0446
0447
0448

0450

0452

0453

0454

0455

0456

0467

0469

0475

0534
0557
0576


0611
0630

0657

0658

0659
R027

R046

R031

0539

0405
0458
0459
CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS,  FISH, MOLLUSKS,  SAMPLING,  HYDROCARBONS ,
    EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  NORTH SEA
    ANIMALS, OIL  SPILLS, DISPERSION, MOVEMENT,  *SEA  TURTLES
    BALTIC SEA, CRUDE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
 "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BENTHOS,  SEDIMENTS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GC/MS,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
    NORTH SEA
 "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIOINDICATORS, MONITORING
 "  MODELS,  PREDICTIONS, GROUNDWATER, OIL  SHALE
CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CANADA,  PERSONNEL  TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE
    PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL  PREVENTION,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL  RESPONSE
 "  PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL  CLEANUP, SPILL RESPONSE
    CARIBBEAN SEA,  SPILL COOPERATIVES, SPILL CLEANUP,  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL RESPONSE
    INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,
    IMCO, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,  *ROCC, *UNEP
 "  ALASKA  , SPILL RESPONSE,  PIPELINES,  INLAND, TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE, ICE,  SPILL
    CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  RESTORATION
    DISPERSANTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  GUIDELINES
 "  SPILL RESPONSE,  USCG, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL,
    *NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER
    SPILL RESPONSE,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, UK
    AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, SPILL RESPONSE, OIL SPILLS,  EQUIPMENT, SPILL CLEANUP,  FRANCE
 "  CANADA,  BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL RESPONSE,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  *BREX III FIELD EXERCISE
 "  ATLANTIC OCEAN,  SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE, EQUIPMENT,
    PERSONNEL TRAINING, DCS
    SPILL RESPONSE,  PERSONNEL  TRAINING,  TANKERS, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP
 "  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,   DISPERSANTS, EQUIPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
    *LOGISTICS, 'CHEMICAL AGENTS
 "  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE,   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, SPILL
     COOPERATIVES
     ARCTIC,  SPILL RESPONSE,  MODELS,
                                       MOVEMENT, SPREADING,
                                                              ICE
     CANADA, BEAUFORT SEA,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE,  INDUSTRIES,  POLLUTION  CONTROL
  "   AUSTRALIA,  SPILL CLEANUP,  DISPERSANTS,  POLLUTION CONTROL, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  OIL
     INDUSTRY
  "   SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP, TANKERS,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  USCG,  LIABILITY,
     MASSACHUSETTS,  *GLOBAL HOPE SPILL
  "   SPILL RESPONSE,  SOURCES,  PREDICTIONS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  MOVEMENT, NORTH SEA,
     EKOFISK BLOWOUT
  "   ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, GUIDELINES, SPILL RESPONSE,
     •SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
  "   SPILL COOPERATIVES,  PERSONNEL TRAINING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL RESPONSE,
     GULF OF MEXICO
     SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS,  SPREADING,  OCEANS,
     SHORELINES
  "   BOOMS, SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE,  EQUIPMENT,
     SKIMMERS,  STORAGE, LOUISIANA
  "   POLLUTION  CONTROL, SPILL CLEANUP, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
     LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS,  EQUIPMENT,  JAPAN
  "   BOOMS, SPILL RESPONSE,  EQUIPMENT, RISK ANALYSIS,  MODELS, SKIMMERS,  *COMPUTER
     SIMULATIONS
  "   BLACK SEA,  REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  LAW
     ENFORCEMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT,  USSR
     OIL SPILLS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  ECOSYSTEMS,  RECOVERY,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
  "   METULA SPILL, LEGISLATION,  PERSONNEL TRAINING,  TEXAS
     BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL  RESPONSE, ENVIRONMENTAL
     EFFECTS, FATE,  MOVEMENT,  TOXICITY,  PLANKTON, MARINE MAMMALS,  FISH,  'SCIENTIFIC
     RESPONSE
  "   MODELS, RIVERS,  OIL  SPILLS, PREDICTIONS,  MISSISSIPPI RIVER,  *RIVERSPILL MODEL
     OIL INDUSTRY, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  PRODUCTION  ,  EPA, REGULATIONS,  LAW
     ENFORCEMENT,  *STRIPPER WELLS
  "   ALASKA , PORTS , OIL TERMINALS,  OIL TRANSPORT,  INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
     SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP, USCG,  *PORT VALDEZ
  "   CALIFORNIA,  TANKERS, OIL TRANSFER,  SPILL CLEANUP,  EQUIPMENT,  'LIGHTERING
     OPERATIONS,  *VLCC
     COASTS, STORAGE, OIL TANKS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  USN,  EPA,  REGULATIONS,  INLAND
  "   PERSONNEL  TRAINING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  POLLUTION
     CONTROL
     ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
     SPILL RESPONSE
 CORALS, CARCINOGENS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,  OIL SHALE, METABOLISM, GULF  OF
     MEXICO, 'DRILLING FLUIDS
 CORAL REEFS, COASTAL WATERS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  VEGETATION,  PUERTO
     RICO, 'RHIZOPHORA MANGLE,  'VULNERABILITY
 COST ANALYSIS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL  REMOVAL,  OIL SLICKS,  DISPERSANTS,  'AIRCRAFT
  "   COMPENSATION, ALASKA  ,  REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION,  OIL SPILLS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  US
  "   COMPENSATION, OIL SPILLS,  LEGISLATION,  LIABILITY,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS
                                                  209

-------
0460  COST ANALYSIS,  COMPENSATION,  OIL SPILLS,  LIABILITY,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  *LITIGATIO\-
0462   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  US GOVERNMENT
0472   "  TANKERS,  SEGREGATED  BALLAST, OIL  SPILLS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  ECONOMICS
0529   "  BASELINE  STUDIES,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS, MODELS,  PREDICTIONS
0530   "  OIL  SPILLS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, SOCIAL EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS
0548   "  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,  OIL
          TRANSPORT,  STORAGE,  DEEPWATER PORTS,  NORTH CAROLINA
0553   "  COMPENSATION, OIL  SPILLS,  LIABILITY,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS
0569   "  CONTAMINANTS, COASTAL  ZONE MANAGEMENT,  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION,  OIL
          SPILLS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS
0626   "  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  ECONOMICS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,  RESOURCE
          MANAGEMENT
0628   "  LEGISLATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL DISCHARGES,  INDUSTRIES,  WASTEWATERS,  ECONOMICS
0656   "  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, PIPELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, DCS,  OIL
          TRANSPORT,  OIL TRANSFER
0673  CRANKCASE  OIL,  CONSERVATION,  WASTE OIL,  RECLAMATION,  RECYCLING,  REUSE
0406  CRUDE  OIL,  BRAZIL, BEACHES,  DISPERSANTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  FATE,
          SEDIMENTS,  *BRAZILIAN  MARINA SPILL
0481   "  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,  BENTHOS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  INVERTEBRATES,
          HYDROCARBONS , SEDIMENTS,  UPTAKE
0485   "  BENTHOS,  ARCTIC, AMPHIPODS, ACUTE EFFECTS, INVERTEBRATES,  TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL
          EFFECTS,  MORTALITY,  SEDIMENTS
0489   "  CONCENTRATIONS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  WSF,  METABOLISM, MORTALITY,  REPRODUCTION,
          GROWTH,  CRUSTACEANS, *CRANGON CRANGON
0490   "  CONTAMINATION, ABSORPTION, MARINE MAMMALS, HYDROCARBONS  ,  METABOLISM,  UPTAKE,
          RELEASE,  *PHOCA HISPIDA
0495   "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BARENTS SEA,  WSF,  FISH,  REPRODUCTION,  *HATCHING
0500   "  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIRDS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  TOXICITY,  UPTAKE
0503   "  CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIOASSAY,  API,  MARINE
          ORGANISMS,  *RESEARCH OVERVIEW
0506   "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  INVERTEBRATES, CRUSTACEANS,
          'HISTOLOGY,  *PENAEUS AZTECUS
0508   "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  TOXICITY, DISPERSANTS, MORTALITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MOLLUSKS,
          *ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS
0511   "  BENTHOS,  ALASKA  ,  WSF,  FUEL OIL,  TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS,  FISH,  INVERTEBRATES,
          INTERTIDAL SOME, *PELAGIC ZONE
0515   "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BACTERIA, FRESHWATER, OIL  SPILLS,  PLANKTON,  ICE, ECOSYSTEMS
0517   "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALGAE, WSF, GROWTH, METABOLISM, *NAPHTHALENES,  *CHLAMYDOMONAS
          ANGULOSA
0518   "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, NATURAL SEEPAGE,  SEDIMENTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  SANTA
          BARBARA CHANNEL
0519   "  COASTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  INVERTEBRATES, MOLLUSKS,  MORTALITY,  URQUIOLA
          SPILL,  SPAIN
0522   "  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,  FISH, UPTAKE,  WSF,  GROWTH,  FISH,
          DEVELOPMENT , *PLATICHTHYS STELLATUS
0524   "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  FUEL  OIL,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DISPERSANTS,
          TOXICITY
0572   "  CONTAMINATION, BALTIC  SEA, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
0577   "  BIODEGRADATION, DISPERSANTS, MICROORGANISMS, PREDICTIONS,  HYDROS
0579   "  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS  , SPILL CLEANUP, *PLASMID
          TRANSFER, *GENETIC ENGINEERING, *PSEUDOMONAS
0590   "  BEHAVIOR, BEACHES,  DISPERSANTS, FUEL OIL, SHORELINES,  SEDIMENTS
0669   "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  REFINERIES, WASTEWATERS,DISPOSAL ,  PUGET
          SOUND,  WASHINGTON
R017   "  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  OIL SPILLS, REMOTE SENSING, DETECTION,  SURVEILLANCE,
          MONITORING,  WEATHERING,  *AGING
R020   "  CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,  HYDROCARBONS ,
          SPECTROMETRY, *IR
R030   "  CONCENTRATIONS, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS , MARINE
          ORGANISMS,  UPTAKE,  RELEASE, GROWTH,  SEDIMENTS,  ECOSYSTEMS, PACIFIC COAST
R032   "  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  FISH, TOXICITY, DCS,  TEXAS, *HISTOPATHOLOGY,
          *SCIAENIDEA
R049   "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  ARCTIC,  ALASKA  , MICROORGANISMS, ICE
R052   "  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  MICROORGANISMS, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  ESTUARIES,  SEDIMENTS
0489  CRUSTACEANS,  CRUDE OIL,  CONCENTRATIONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  WSF,  METABOLISM,
          MORTALITY,  REPRODUCTION, GROWTH,  *CRANGON CRANGON
0499   "  HYDROCARBONS  , PAH,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  RESPIRATION, TOXICITY,  *PHENANTHRENE,
          *RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRIS II
0506   "  CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  HYDROCARBONS  , INVERTEBRATES,
          *HISTOLOGY,  *PENAEUS AZTECUS
0510   "  ALASKA ,  TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MORTALITY,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS
R053  DECOMPOSITION,  BIODEGRADATION,  HYDROCARBONS  , MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  RECOVERY
0548  DEEPWATER PORTS,  COST  ANALYSIS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           REFINERIES,   PETROCHEMICALS, OIL TRANSPORT, STORAGE, NORTH  CAROLINA
R021  DELAWARE,  SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION, ESTUARIES,  SEDIMENTS, OIL  DISCHARGES,  *PHENOLIC
          COMPOUNDS,  *URBAN  RUNOFF
                                                210

-------
0352

0550
0382

0383
0384
0385

0386

0388
0390
0391
0392
0394
0396
0397
0398
0400
0407
0408
0409
0412

0413

0415

0417
0418
0420
0438
0476

0477
R016

R068

0345

0346

0353

0354

0363
0365
0367

0373

0375
0470

0521

0666
 0674
 R010
 R013
 R014
 R015
 R017

 R018

 R047
EPA, USCG,  *PERFORMANCE  TESTING,
SHIPS, *FIELD TESTS, *AIR  CUSHION
DELAWARE  BAY, REMOTE  SENSING,  SPREADING, DRIFT,  MOVEMENT,  MODELS, OIL SLICKS,
    ESTUARIES, SURVEILLANCE, *ESTUARINE FRONTS
    BENTHOS,  BASELINE STUDIES,  PHYTOPLANKTON,  ZCOPLANKTON,  OIL TRANSFER,  SHIPS
DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL  REMOVAL, OIL  TRANSFER, SHIPS,  EQUIPMENT,
    PATENT,  *HYDRO-CARPET
    BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL,  EQUIPMENT,  PATENT
 "  BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SHIPS,  EQUIPMENT,  PATENT
 "  BLOWOUTS, ARCTIC,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL  REMOVAL,  EQUIPMENT, CCS,  *UNDERWATER
    CONTAINMENT
 "  BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  OIL SLICKS,  EQUIPMENT, EPA,  *PERFORMANCE  TESTING,
    *OHMSETT FACILITY
 "  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSION
    BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  EQUIPMENT, FLOTATION, PATENT
    BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  PATENT, EQUIPMENT
    BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  EQUIPMENT
 "  BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  EQUIPMENT, PATENT
 "  BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  ICE,  RIVERS,  USCG,  *CANADIAN COAST GUARD
 "  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  RIVERS,  ICE,  SPILL  REMOVAL
 "  BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  EQUIPMENT, PATENT,  *TOW PLATES
 "  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, EQUIPMENT,  PATENT
    SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT, *CANADIAN COAST  GUARD,  *PERFORMANCE TESTING
    SPILL REMOVAL,  SPILL DISPOSAL,  EQUIPMENT,  USCG, *DEBRIS DISPOSAL SYSTEMS
    SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, FLOTATION, EQUIPMENT,  PATENT
    SPILL REMOVAL,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, MONITORING, POLLUTION CONTROL,  EQUIPMENT,
    PATENT
    BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  EQUIPMENT,
    *OHMSETT FACILITY
 "  BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT,  SKIMMERS,
    VEHICLES
 "  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT, PATENT
 "  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT, PATENT
 "  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT, EPA,  'PERFORMANCE  TESTING, *OHMSETT FACILITY
    CANADA,  SPILL  RESPONSE, DISPERSANTS, EQUIPMENT, SHIPS,  *CANADIAN COAST  GUARD
 "  BALLAST , OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EQUIPMENT,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, TANKERS,
    FILTRATION
 "  BLOWOUT PREVENTION, DRILLING ,  EQUIPMENT,  PATENT
    BEHAVIOR, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA , ICE,  SPILL RESPONSE,
    DEVELOPMENT
 "  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EQUIPMENT,  FRANCE, *PERFORMANCE
    TESTING
DETECTION,  CONTAMINATION, CONCENTRATIONS,  BIOINDICATORS, MICROORGANISMS,  SOURCE
    IDENTIFICATION,  UPTAKE, TOXICITY, *PROTOZOA
    CONTAMINATION,  BIOINDICATORS,  MICROORGANISMS, TOXICITY,  UPTAKE, *PROTOZOA,
    *EUPLOTES DIADALEOS
 "  CALIFORNIA, REMOTE SENSING,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  OIL SLICKS,  PLATFORMS,  SURVEILLANCE,
    EQUIPMENT, USCG,  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL,  *RADAR SYSTEMS
 "  REMOTE SENSING,  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION,  SOURCES,  OIL DISCHARGES, WATER
    QUALITY,  *HONG KONG
 "  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS , PACIFIC OCEAN
    CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  PAH, *UV  PHOTOMETRY
 "  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS , SAMPLING,
    DISTRIBUTION,  NORTH SEA
 "  CONCENTRATIONS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  TOXICITY, *SPECTROPHOTOMETRY,  *GRAVIMETRIC
    ANALYSIS
    CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  WASTEWATERS,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, *IR
 "  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING,  WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES,  OIL DISCHARGES,
    *RADIOTRACER TECHNIQUES
 "  CHILE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  RECOVERY, MORTALITY,  INTERTIDAL  ZONE,
    INVERTEBRATES,  METULA SPILL,  STRAIT OF  MAGELLAN
 "  OIL INDUSTRY,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  EQUIPMENT,  DRILLING ,  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL
    TRANSFER, STORAGE,  PIPELINES,  TANKERS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL,  SPILL
    DISPOSAL
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, SOURCES
    BILGES,  BACTERIA,  HYDROCARBONS ,  WASTEWATERS, POLLUTION CONTROL, *ENZYME ELECTRODE
 "  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING,  EQUIPMENT, SURVEILLANCE
    CONTAMINANTS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS ,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
    REMOTE SENSING,  OIL SPILLS,  MONITORING,  *RADAR
 "  CRUDE OIL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, OIL  SPILLS, REMOTE SENSING, SURVEILLANCE,
    MONITORING, WEATHERING, *AGING
    CONTAMINANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  SEDIMENTS,  PUGET SOUND,
    WASHINGTON
 "  CONCENTRATIONS,  CARCINOGENS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  TOXICITY,
    HYDROCARBONS  ,  SAMPLING
                                                 211

-------
0344

0473

0497

0498

0505
0522

0544

0546

0547

0629
0637

0641

0651

0679
R016

0358
0362
0366

0403

0404

0405
0406

0414
0422

0425

0434
0438
0444

0448

0455

0508

0514
0524

0541

0577
0588
0590
0597

0607

0614

R025
R036
 0358
 0388
 0479
DEVELOPMENT  ,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALGAE, ALASKA ,  MONITORING,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
    ECOSYSTEMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS
 11  POLLUTION  CONTROL, PORTS  ,  DISPOSAL  , WASTEWATERS,  ESTUARIES, REGULATIONS, US,
    INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
 11  CONTAMINATION,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, FISH,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FUEL OIL,  REPRODUCTION,
    SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, GROWTH,  *PSEUDOPLEURONECTES AMERICANUS
 11  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, WSF,  FUEL OIL, TOXICITY, MORTALITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
    RESPIRATION,  GROWTH, METABOLISM, *RHITHROPANOPEUS HARISSI,  *LIMULUS  POLYPHEMUS
 "  COASTAL  WATERS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS,  INVERTEBRATES, DISTRIBUTION, ESTUARIES
 "  CRUDE  OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, FISH, UPTAKE,  WSF,
    GROWTH,  FISH,  *PLATICHTHYS STELLATUS
 "  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA  ,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL-GAS LEASING, MARINE
    ENVIRONMENT
    ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, DCS,  EIS,
    MISSISSIPPI,  GULF OF MEXICO
 "  BASELINE STUDIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  OIL
    INDUSTRY,  RISK ANALYSIS,  PERSIAN GULF,  KUWAIT,  "UNEP
 11  REGULATIONS,  DCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION
 "  ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS,  OCS,  RESOURCE  MANAGEMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL
    EFFECTS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  GEORGIA
 "  COASTAL  WATERS, ALASKA  ,  ESTUARIES,  POLLUTION CONTOL,  PRODUCTION , OIL TRANSPORT,
    PIPELINES,  TANKERS, INDUSTRIES
 "  EXPLORATION ,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, WILDLIFE,  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION,
    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
 "  POLLUTION  CONTROL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  OIL SHALE, *RESARCH PROJECTS
 "  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BEHAVIOR,  BEAUFORT  SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA ,  ICE,  SPILL
    RESPONSE
DISPERSANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS  , DISPERSION
 "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SPECTROSCOPY,  HYDROCARBONS ,  OIL SPILLS
 "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING,  OIL SPILLS,  EVAPORATION,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  *OIL SPILL
    VAPORS
 "  BEACHES, BEACH CLEANUP, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  TOXICITY,  OIL SLICKS,  ENVIRONMENTAL
    EFFECTS, SPILL CLEANUP, UK,  "LICENSING
    BIODEGRADATION, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL  REMOVAL, EQUIPMENT,
    SORBENTS,  EMULSIONS, 'CHEMICAL AGENTS
 "  COST ANALYSIS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL  REMOVAL,  OIL SLICKS,  *AIRCRAFT
 "  CRUDE  OIL,  BRAZIL, BEACHES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  FATE,  SEDIMENTS,
    "BRAZILIAN MARINA SPILL
    OIL SLICKS,  WEATHERING, FATE,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  TOXICITY
 "  CALIFORNIA,  API,  SPILL  CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  OIL SLICKS,  "PETROLEUM CONTINGENCY
    ORGANIZATION,  "FIELD TESTS
    BEACHES,  SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT, INTERTIDAL ZONE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
    ECONOMICS,  SHORELINES
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL CLEANUP,  ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, GUIDELINES
    DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CANADA,  SPILL RESPONSE,  EQUIPMENT,  SHIPS, "CANADIAN COAST GUARD
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
    EFFECTS, "LOGISTICS, "CHEMICAL AGENTS
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, AUSTRALIA, SPILL  CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL,  FOREIGN
    GOVERNMENTS,  OIL INDUSTRY
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT, SPREADING, OCEANS,
    SHORELINES
    CRUDE  OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY,  MORTALITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MOLLUSKS,
    "ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS
 "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BACTERIA,  FRESHWATER,  ZOOPLANKTON,  FUNGI, MICROORGANISMS
 "  CRUDE  OIL,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FUEL OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
    TOXICITY
 "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  OIL SPILLS,  RECOVERY, ENVIRONMENTAL
    EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  SPILL CLEANUP
    CRUDE  OIL,  BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS, PREDICTIONS,  HYDROS
    BEHAVIOR,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  EMULSIONS
 "  CRUDE  OIL,  BEHAVIOR, BEACHES,  FUEL OIL,  SHORELINES, SEDIMENTS
 "  BEHAVIOR,  MODELS, FATE, OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP,  RISK ANALYSIS,
    SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
    BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MODELS,  FISHERIES,  OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, FISH,
    FATE,  GEORGES BANK
    BOOMS, OIL SPILLS, SPILL  CONTAINMENT, DISPERSION, SPREADING, MONITORING,  MOVEMENT,
    FATE
  "  OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP
    CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA  ,  HYDROCARBONS  ,
    SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  FISH, UPTAKE,  METABOLISM, TOXICITY,  FOOD WEB,
    "PATHOLOGY
DISPERSION,  DISPERSANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS
  "  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  EQUIPMENT
    BIODEGRADATION,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL CLEANUP,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  SHIPS,
    TANKERS, SOURCES, STATISTICS,  OIL SLICKS, SPREADING,  EQUIPMENT
                                                212

-------
0526  DISPERSION, CONTAMINATION,  ANIMALS, OIL  SPILLS, MOVEMENT, *SEA  TURTLES
0527    "   OIL SLICKS,  SEA SURFACE,  PHYSICAL  EFFECTS, MODELS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  *WIND
           WAVES
0589    "   BEHAVIOR,  OIL SLICKS,  *RAINFALL, *ENTRAINMENT
0614    "   DISPERSANTS,  BOOMS, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPREADING,  MONITORING,
           MOVEMENT,  FATE
0473  DISPOSAL ,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  PORTS  ,  WASTEWATERS,  ESTUARIES,
           REGULATIONS,  US, INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
0670    "   REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  ECONOMICS, EQUIPMENT, WASTEWATER
           TREATMENT,  SOLID WASTES
0671    "   BIODEGRADATION,  WASTE OIL,  LAND FARMING, SLUDGE
0347  DISTRIBUTION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CALIFORNIA, BIOIHDICATORS,  BENTHOS,
           FISH, HYDROCARBONS  ,  SEDIMENTS, NATURAL SEEPAGE,  OCS, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
0367    "   DETECTION,  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS ,
           SAMPLING,  NORTH SEA
0368    "   CONCENTRATIONS,  HYDROCARBONS , SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS,  HARBORS,  OCS,  NEW YORK
0505    "   DEVELOPMENT ,  COASTAL WATERS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS,  INVERTEBRATES,  ESTUARIES
0513    "   BIOMASS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, ZOOPLANKTON, HYDROCARBONS  , ESTUARIES
0520    "   COASTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  METULA SPILL,   INTERTIDAL ZONE,  INVERTEBRATES,  SPAIN
0586    "   CONCENTRATIONS,  BEHAVIOR,  BAYS, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  SEDIMENTS,  FATE,  FRANCE
0617    "   CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  SPREADING,  HYDROCARBONS , FATE,  GC/MS, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  NORTH
           SEA
0619    "   CHEMICAL  EFFECTS, CALIFORNIA,  BENTHOS, FUEL OIL,  FATE,  SEDIMENTS,  HARBORS,
           SEDIMENTATION,  INCINERATION, SANSINENA SPILL
0623    "   CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEACHES, TAR,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  FATE, SEDIMENTS,
           MARINE ORGANISMS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
R042    "   CONCENTRATIONS,  BENTHOS,  BEAUFORT  SEA, BASELINE  STUDIES, ALASKA ,  HYDROCARBONS ,
           OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
R060    "   CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  BUZZARDS BAY,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
           HYDROCARBONS  ,  FATE,  *NEW YORK BIGHT
R024  DOE, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS,  EQUIPMENT, EPA,  *PERFORMANCE TESTING, *OHMSETT
           FACILITY
R066    "   CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  ACTIVATED SLUDGE,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT,  REFINERIES, GC/MS,  EPA,
           *ACTIVATED CARBON
0352  DRIFT, DELAWARE BAY, REMOTE SENSING,  SPREADING, MOVEMENT, MODELS,  OIL SLICKS,
           ESTUARIES,  SURVEILLANCE,  *ESTUARINE  FRONTS
0583    "   SPREADING,  WEATHERING,  STATISTICAL ANLYSIS, FATE,  SEA SURFACE,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
           NORTH SEA
0594    "   MODELS, MOVEMENT, SPREADING, PREDICTIONS,   SEA  SURFACE,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,
           PHYSICAL  EFFECTS
0599    "   MOVEMENT,  SPREADING,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, SEA SURFACE
0600    "   ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  MODELS, OIL  SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,
           PREDICTIONS,   SPREADING
0603    "   MODELS, OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  SPILL  TRAJECTORIES,  MONITORING,  PREDICTIONS
0608    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,  ATLANTIC OCEAN,  MODELS, OIL SPILLS,  FISHERIES,
           PREDICTIONS,   FATE,  FISH,  SPREADING,  MOVEMENT,  GEORGES BANK,  *COD
0477  DRILLING , DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BLOWOUT PREVENTION,  EQUIPMENT, PATENT
0542    "   CANADA, BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC,  EIS, EXPLORATION , ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL
           FIELDS, SUBARCTIC REGIONS
0639    "   COASTAL WATERS,  OFFSHORE EXPLORATION, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  ESTUARIES,
           ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  GULF OF MEXICO
0666    "   DETECTION,  OIL  INDUSTRY,  POLLUTION CONTROL, EQUIPMENT,  OIL  TRANSPORT, OIL
           TRANSFER,  STORAGE,  PIPELINES,  TANKERS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL REMOVAL, SPILL
           DISPOSAL
R061    "   BIOASSAY,  HYDROCARBONS ,  PETROCHEMICALS, TOXICITY,  ECOSYSTEMS,  OFFSHORE
           PRODUCTION,  *DRILLING MUDS
0458  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  COST  ANALYSIS, COMPENSATION, ALASKA ,  REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION,  OIL
           SPILLS, US
0459    "   COST ANALYSIS,  COMPENSATION, OIL  SPILLS, LEGISLATION, LIABILITY
0460    "   COST ANALYSIS,  COMPENSATION, OIL  SPILLS, LIABILITY,  *LITIGATION
0461    "   LEGISLATION,  US, LIABILITY,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE,
           TANKERS,  REGULATIONS
0530    "   COST ANALYSIS,  OIL  SPILLS,  SOCIAL  EFFECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
0532    "   COMPENSATION,  SPILL CLEANUP, SHIPS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EPA,  ST.  LAWRENCE
           RIVER, *NEPCO 140 SPILL
0533    "   FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  POLLUTION CONTROL, LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS,
           JAPAN
0553    "   COST ANALYSIS,  COMPENSATION, OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY
0554    "   COMPENSATION,  OIL SPILLS,  LIABILITY,  POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES
0569    "   COST ANALYSIS,  CONTAMINANTS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL
           DETERIORATION,  OIL SPILLS
0627    "   COMPENSATION,  LIABILITY,  OCS,  LEGISLATION, SPILL CLEANUP
0631    "   COMPENSATION,  LIABILITY,  SPILL COOPERATIVES, LEGISLATION, SPILL CLEANUP, *SUPERFUND
0643    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA , SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,
           TANKERS,  SAFETY, ECOSYSTEMS, LIABILITY,  OCS, OIL INDUSTRY,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
           FISHERIES,  GULF OF  ALASKA
                                                 213

-------
0660  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS,  COMPENSATION,  LIABILITY,  SPILL COOPERATIVES, LEGISLATION,  SPILL
          CLEANUP
0425  ECONOMICS,  DISPERSANTS,  BEACHES,  SPILL CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,
          ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SHORELINES
0472   "  COST  ANALYSIS, TANKERS,  SEGREGATED BALLAST, OIL SPILLS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION
0474   "  INDUSTRIES,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, LEGISLATION, REGULATIONS, WASTWATER TREATMENT,
          *MANAGEMENT ,  "HANDBOOK
0609   "  OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,  ESTUARIES,
          GROUNDWATER, WATER  QUALITY
0625   "  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL-GAS LEASING,
          NORTH SEA,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS
0626   "  COST  ANALYSIS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,
          RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
0628   "  COST  ANALYSIS, LEGISLATION,  POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL  DISCHARGES,  INDUSTRIES,
          WASTEWATERS
0670   "  DISPOSAL ,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, EQUIPMENT,  WASTEWATER
          TREATMENT,  SOLID WASTES
0344  ECOSYSTEMS,  DEVELOPMENT ,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALGAE, ALASKA ,  MONITORING,  MARINE
          ORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
0504   "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOINDICATORS, BENTHOS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  MARSHES,
          HYDROCARBONS  , INVERTEBRATES, OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING, *BIOMAGNIFICATION
0515   "  CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BACTERIA,  FRESHWATER,  OIL SPILLS,  PLANKTON, ICE
0534   "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP,  RECOVERY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
0539   "  CORAL REEFS, COASTAL WATERS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  VEGETATION,  PUERTO RICO,
          *RHIZOPHORA MANGLE,  *VULNERABILITY
0561   "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  OIL SPILLS,  TANKERS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
          WILDLIFE, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  SHIPS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, MICROORGANISMS,  TOXICITY,
          LEGISLATION
0562   "  CHRONIC EFFECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ESTUARIES,  HEALTH HAZARDS,  GULF OF MEXICO
0575   "  CHRONIC EFFECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, ESTUARIES,  MARSHES,
          PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0584   "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  HYDROCARBONS ,  ESTUARIES,  MICROORGANISMS,
          GC/MS
0643   "  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA , SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,
          ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  TANKERS, SAFETY,  LIABILITY,  OCS, OIL  INDUSTRY,  POLLUTION
          CONTROL, FISHERIES,  GULF OF ALASKA
0678   "  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, ALASKA , ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, OIL TRANSPORT,
          RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, *PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
R030   "  CRUDE OIL,  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,
          MARINE ORGANISMS, UPTAKE,  RELEASE, GROWTH,  SEDIMENTS,  PACIFIC COAST
R033   "  BIOMASS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ARCTIC,  ALGAE, ALASKA  ,  OIL SPILLS,  FRESHWATER,
          ZOOPLANKTON,  REPRODUCTION,  UPTAKE, *TUNDRA PONDS
R038   "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  HYDROCARBONS , MARINE ORGANISMS,
          TOXICITY, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SUBARCTIC  REGIONS, NOAA
R045   "  CONTAMINANTS,  OIL FIELDS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  GULF OF MEXICO
R061   "  DRILLING ,  BIOASSAY, HYDROCARBONS ,  PETROCHEMICALS,  TOXICITY, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,
          •DRILLING MUDS
0542  EIS,  DRILLING ,  CANADA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC, EXPLORATION , ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
          OIL FIELDS,  SUBARCTIC  REGIONS
0546   "  DEVELOPMENT ,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OCS,
          MISSISSIPPI, GULF OF MEXICO
R043   "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL INDUSTRY
0452  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL RESPONSE,  SOURCES, PREDICTIONS,  OFFSHORE
          DEVELOPMENT,  MOVEMENT,  NORTH SEA
0525   "  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, FISH, MOLLUSKS, SAMPLING,  HYDROCARBONS
          ,  NORTH SEA
0561   "  ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL,  OIL SPILLS,  TANKERS, MARINE
          ORGANISMS,  WILDLIFE, SHIPS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  MICROORGANISMS,  TOXICITY,
          LEGISLATION
0583   "  DRIFT,  SPREADING, WEATHERING, STATISTICAL ANLYSIS,  FATE, SEA SURFACE,  NORTH SEA
0617   "  DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SPREADING, HYDROCARBONS , FATE,  GC/MS,  NORTH SEA
0618   "  CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BENTHOS,  SEDIMENTS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GC/MS, NORTH
          SEA
0404  EMULSIONS,  DISPERSANTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL
          REMOVAL, EQUIPMENT,  SORBENTS, *CHEMICAL AGENTS
0581   "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS , SOIL,  MODELS,  RESPIRATION,
          GROUNDWATER
0588   "  DISPERSANTS,  BEHAVIOR,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0354  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, DETECTION,  REMOTE SENSING,  SOURCES, OIL DISCHARGES,  WATER
          QUALITY, *HONG KONG
0569   "  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, CONTAMINANTS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  ESTUARIES,
          OIL SPILLS
0651   "  DEVELOPMENT ,  EXPLORATION ,  RESOURCE  MANAGEMENT,  WILDLIFE, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
                                                214

-------
ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  GUIDELINES,  SPILL RESPONSE,  *SCIENTIFIC

INVERTEBRATES, *CAROTENOIDS
BASELINE  STUDIES, ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL,  MARINE MAMMALS,
0344  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, DEVELOPMENT ,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALGAE, ALASKA ,
           MONITORING,  MARINE ORGANISMS
0403    "   DISPERSANTS,  BEACHES,  BEACH CLEANUP,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,  TOXICITY, OIL  SLICKS,
           SPILL CLEANUP,  UK, *LICENSING
0406    "   DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL,  BRAZIL, BEACHES,  SPILL CLEANUP, FATE,  SEDIMENTS,
           *BRAZILIAN MARINA SPILL
0425    "   ECONOMICS, DISPERSANTS,  BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP,  EQUIPMENT,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,
           SHORELINES
0426    "   BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE,  RESTORATION,  MARINE  MAMMALS,  MARSHES
0444    "   DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  EQUIPMENT,
           *LOGISTICS,  *CHEMICAL  AGENTS
0445    "   CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  SPILL
           COOPERATIVES
0453    "   CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,
           RESPONSE
0496    "   MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM,
0507    "   CONTAMINATION,  BIRDS,
           MASSACHUSETTS
0527    "   DISPERSION,  OIL SLICKS,  SEA SURFACE,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  MODELS,  *WIND WAVES
0530    "   ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS,  SOCIAL EFFECTS
0532    "   ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION, SPILL CLEANUP, SHIPS, EPA,  ST.  LAWRENCE RIVER,
           *NEPCO  140 SPILL
0533    "   ECONOMIC EFFECTS, FISHERIES,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS,  JAPAN
0534    "   ECOSYSTEMS,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP,  RECOVERY
0536    "   COASTAL WATERS, OIL  SPILLS, FATE,  METULA SPILL,  URQUIOLA SPILL,  *VULNERABILITY
           INDEX
0538    "   BENTHOS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, MARINE ORGANISMS,  FISH, ZOOPLANKTON,  TANKERS,
           MASSACHUSETTS
0539    "   ECOSYSTEMS,  CORAL REEFS,  COASTAL WATERS,  VEGETATION,  PUERTO  RICO,  *RHIZOPHORA
           MANGLE, *VULNERABILITY
0540    "   CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  MONITORING,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,
           SEDIMENTS,  INTERTIDAL  ZONE, RESTORATION,  TROPICAL REGIONS,  RECOVERY,  PUERTO  RICO
0541    "   DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  OIL SPILLS,  RECOVERY,  MARINE
           ORGANISMS,  SPILL CLEANUP
0542    "   EIS, DRILLING  , CANADA,  BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,  EXPLORATION ,  OIL FIELDS,
           SUBARCTIC  REGIONS
0544    "   DEVELOPMENT  , BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA ,  OIL-GAS LEASING, MARINE ENVIRONMENT
0546    "   EIS, DEVELOPMENT  , ONSHORE IMPACTS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  OCS,  MISSISSIPPI,  GULF
           OF MEXICO
0548    "   DEEPWATER  PORTS, COST  ANALYSIS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,
           OIL TRANSPORT,  STORAGE,  NORTH CAROLINA
0549    "   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS,
           OIL-GAS LEASING, TEXAS
0560    "   BAYS, FISH,  WILDLIFE,  MARSHES, SPILL CLEANUP, SHIPS,  ST. LAWRENCE  RIVER, *NEPCO
           140 SPILL
0562    "   ECOSYSTEMS,  CHRONIC  EFFECTS,  ESTUARIES,  HEALTH HAZARDS, GULF OF MEXICO
0564    "   COASTAL WATERS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  ESTUARIES
0565    "   SOURCES, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  MEDITERRANEAN SEA
0566    "   BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  TANKERS,  FISH,  FATE,  *DRUPA  SPILL
0567    "   CHILE,  BEACHES, OIL  SPILLS, METULA SPILL, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN,  TANKERS,  MARSHES
0568    "   CHILE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, RECOVERY,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,
           SPILL CLEANUP,  METULA  SPILL,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0574    "   COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  COASTAL WATERS,  ESTUARIES,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  US,
           *PROCEEDINGS
0575    "   ECOSYSTEMS,  CHRONIC  EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  ESTUARIES,  MARSHES,  PETROLEUM
           PRODUCTS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0576    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  OIL SPILLS, SPILL
           RESPONSE,  FATE, MOVEMENT,  TOXICITY,  PLANKTON, MARINE MAMMALS,  FISH,  *SCIENTIFIC
           RESPONSE
0597    "   DISPERSANTS, BEHAVIOR, MODELS, FATE,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,
           RISK ANALYSIS,  SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION
0602    "   ALASKA  , MODELS, PREDICTIONS, TANKERS, PORTS
0607    "   DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, MODELS,  FISHERIES,  OIL SPILLS,  FISH, FATE,
           GEORGES BANK
0609    "   ECONOMICS,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MODELS, OIL SPILLS, ESTUARIES,  GROUNDWATER,
           WATER QUALITY
0626    "   ECONOMICS,  COST ANALYSIS,  COASTAL  ZONE MANAGEMENT,  OIL SPILLS,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
0633    "   COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  ESTUARIES,  OIL TRANSFER,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,
           INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
0635    "   COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL-GAS  LEASING,  ONSHORE
           IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, LOUISIANA
0637    "   DEVELOPMENT  , ONSHORE  IMPACTS, PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS, OCS,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
           GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GEORGIA
0639    "   DRILLING , COASTAL WATERS, OFFSHORE EXPLORATION,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, ESTUARIES,
           GULF OF MEXICO
              215

-------
0640
0644

0646
0647
0648

0650
0652

0656

0674
R034

R037

R038

R040
R042

R043
R044
R045
R046

R048
0463
0464
0543
0547

0555
0643
0434
0473

0547

0629
0651

0655

0661
0678

0386

0413

0420

0451

0532

0630

0659

R022
R023

R024

R066

0349
REPRODUCTION,  GROWTH,
               MARINE
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,
    OIL SPILLS,  SOCIOECONOMIC  EFFECTS, MICROORGANISMS,  FISH,  FISHERIES,  NORTH SEA,
    DCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
 "  ATLANTIC  OCEAN,  FISHERIES,  CCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  REGULATIONS,  ONSHORE
    IMPACTS,  OIL INDUSTRY,  SOCIOECONOMIC  EFFECTS
 "  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  US,  FISHERIES,  FISH, *RESEARCH PROJECTS
 11  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  FISHERIES, OIL  INDUSTRY, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,  GEORGES BANK
 "  OFFSHORE  EXPLORATION,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  OCS, REFINING, OIL TRANSPORT, PETROLEUM
    PRODUCTS,  GULF OF MEXICO,  *CONFERENCE
 "  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, GULF OF MEXICO, LOUISIANA
 "  CHILE,  OIL SPILLS, SPILL RESPONSE, MOVEMENT, SPREADING,  METULA SPILL,  STRAIT OF
    MAGELLAN
 "  COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  PIPELINES,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  OIL
    TRANSPORT,  OIL TRANSFER
 "  DETECTION,  SOURCES
 "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANIMALS,  MARINE MAMMALS, HABITATS,  OIL SPILLS,  MARINE
    ENVIRONMENT, *SEA OTTERS
 "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, FISH, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,
    TOXICITY,  MONITORING
 "  ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  HYDROCARBONS
    ORGANISMS,  TOXICITY,  FATE,  SUBARCTIC  REGIONS, NOAA
 "  ATLANTIC  COAST,  RISK  ANALYSIS,  OIL SPILLS,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MODELS
 "  DISTRIBUTION,  CONCENTRATIONS, BENTHOS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA  ,
    HYDROCARBONS , OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION
 "  EIS, OIL  INDUSTRY
 "  BIOASSAY,  AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT,  TOXICITY,  WASTEWATERS,  GREAT LAKES
 "  ECOSYSTEMS,  CONTAMINANTS,  OIL FIELDS,  GULF OF MEXICO
    CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, OIL SPILLS,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
    SPILL  RESPONSE
 "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  FOOD WEB, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  COMPENSATION, LEGISLATION, OIL  SPILLS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  UK
 "  ALASKA ,  OCS,  REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION
 "  BLM, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA , OCS,  NOAA,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  MODELS
    DEVELOPMENT ,  BASELINE STUDIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, OIL INDUSTRY,  RISK
    ANALYSIS,  PERSIAN GULF,  KUWAIT, *UNEP
 "  COMPENSATION,  OIL SPILLS,  LEGISLATION,  *DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
    ECOSYSTEMS,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA ,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,
    TANKERS,  SAFETY, LIABILITY, OCS, OIL  INDUSTRY, POLLUTION CONTROL, FISHERIES, GULF
    OF ALASKA
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  DISPERSANTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  GUIDELINES
    DISPOSAL  ,  DEVELOPMENT , POLLUTION CONTROL,  PORTS , WASTEWATERS,  ESTUARIES,
    REGULATIONS, US, INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  DEVELOPMENT ,  BASELINE STUDIES, OIL INDUSTRY,  RISK
    ANALYSIS,  PERSIAN GULF,  KUWAIT, *UNEP
 "  DEVELOPMENT ,  REGULATIONS,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION,  DEVELOPMENT ,  EXPLORATION ,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
    WILDLIFE
    PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  SAFETY, LEGISLATION,  POLLUTION
    PREVENTION,  REGULATIONS
 "  ALASKA ,  LEGISLATION,  SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION
 "  ECOSYSTEMS,  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  ALASKA , OIL TRANSPORT, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
    *PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
EPA,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, OIL  SLICKS,  EQUIPMENT,  *PERFORMANCE
    TESTING,  *OHMSETT FACILITY
 "  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT, USCG,  *PERFORMANCE
    TESTING,  "OHMSETT FACILITY
    DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL  CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT,  *PERFORMANCE TESTING,
    *OHMSETT  FACILITY
 "  SPILL  RESPONSE,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, *US FISH  AND WILDLIFE
    SERVICE
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SHIPS, ST.
    LAWRENCE  RIVER,  *NEPCO 140 SPILL
    CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  OIL  INDUSTRY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, PRODUCTION ,
    REGULATIONS, LAW ENFORCEMENT, *STRIPPER WELLS
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  COASTS, STORAGE,  OIL TANKS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  USN,
    REGULATIONS, INLAND
 "  BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SORBENTS, *PERFORMANCE TESTING, "OHMSETT  FACILITY
    BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  EQUIPMENT,  *PERFORMANCE TESTING,  *AIR  JET BOOM, *OHMSETT
    FACILITY
    DOE, BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS,  EQUIPMENT, *PERFORMANCE TESTING,  *OHMSETT
    FACILITY
    DOE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ACTIVATED SLUDGE,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT,  REFINERIES, GC/MS,
    *ACTIVATED CARBON
EQUIPMENT,  COASTAL WATERS,  REMOTE SENSING,  SURVEILLANCE,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  TANKERS,
    SHIPS,  SWEDEN
                                                216

-------
0353  EQUIPMENT, DETECTION, CALIFORNIA, REMOTE SENSING,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  OIL SLICKS,
           PLATFORMS,  SURVEILLANCE,  USCG, SANTA BARBARA  CHANNEL, *RADAR SYSTEMS
0356    "   BEAUFORT  SEA,  REMOTE  SENSING, OIL  SPILLS, SURVEILLANCE
0357    "   REMOTE SENSING,  MONITORING, SURVEILLANCE, USCG,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  POLLUTION
           CONTROL,  TANKERS, SHIPS,  *AIREYE SYSTEM
0364    "   CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SAMPLING, MONITORING,
           SURVEILLANCE,  SPECTROMETRY
0382    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL  REMOVAL, OIL  TRANSFER, SHIPS,  PATENT,
           *HYDRO-CARPET
0383    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL,  PATENT
0384    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SHIPS, PATENT
0385    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BLOWOUTS, ARCTIC,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL REMOVAL,  OCS,
           *UNDERWATER CONTAINMENT
0386    "   EPA,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, OIL SLICKS,  *PERFORMANCE
           TESTING,  *OHMSETT FACILITY
0388    "   DISPERSION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CONTAINMENT
0389    "   BOOMS, BEHAVIOR, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  OIL SLICKS,  MODELS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0390    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  FLOTATION, PATENT
0391    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  PATENT
0392    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT
0394    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  PATENT
0395    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL REMOVAL,  RIVERS, ICE,  SKIMMERS
0398    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  PATENT, *TOW PLATES
0399    "   SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  INLAND, RIVERS,  ICE, SORBENTS,  *LAND  SPILLS
0400    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT
0404    "   EMULSIONS,  DISPERSANTS, BIODEGRADATION, AMOCO CADIS SPILL,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL
           REMOVAL,  SORBENTS, *CHEMICAL AGENTS
0407    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS,  *CANADIAN COAST GUARD, 'PERFORMANCE
           TESTING
0408    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL REMOVAL,  SPILL DISPOSAL, USCG, *DEBRI3 DISPOSAL SYSTEMS
0409    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS,  FLOTATION,  PATENT
0410    "   CALIFORNIA,  SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RESPONSE, TANKERS, HARBORS,  SANSINENA  SPILL
0411    "   INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE, USCG
0412    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL REMOVAL,  OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, MONITORING,  POLLUTION
           CONTROL,  PATENT
0413    "   EPA,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, USCG,  *PERFORMANCE
           TESTING,  *OHMSETT FACILITY
0415    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, SHIPS,  *FIELD TESTS,  *AIR
           CUSHION  VEHICLES
0417    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS,  PATENT
0418    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS,  PATENT
0419    "   BUZZARDS  BAY, BOUCHARD 65 SPILL, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, ICE,  FUEL OIL,  SKIMMERS,
           INCINERATION
0420    "   EPA,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  *PERFORMANCE TESTING,  *OHMSETT
           FACILITY
0424    "   CALIFORNIA,  SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RESPONSE, TANKERS, HARBORS,  USCG, SANSINENA SPILL
0425    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS,  DISPERSANTS,  BEACHES,  SPILL CLEANUP,  INTERTIDAL
           ZONE, SHORELINES
0430    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CARIBBEAN SEA,  SPILL COOPERATIVES, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL
           RESPONSE
0431    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  SHIPS, USCG,  RIVERS,  ICE,  OIL REMOVAL,
           MISSISSIPPI RIVER
0438    "   DISPERSANTS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CANADA, SPILL RESPONSE, SHIPS, *CANADIAN COAST
           GUARD
0439    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, AMOCO  CADIZ  SPILL, SPILL RESPONSE, OIL SPILLS,  SPILL
           CLEANUP,  FRANCE
0440    "   SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  HARBORS
0442    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ATLANTIC OCEAN,  SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL
           RESPONSE, PERSONNEL  TRAINING, OCS
0444    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL
           CLEANUP,  *LOGISTICS,  *CHEMICAL AGENTS
0454    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL  COOPERATIVES, PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL
           RESPONSE, GULF OF MEXICO
0455    "   DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPREADING,
           OCEANS,  SHORELINES
0456    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BOOMS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  STRATEGIC PETROLEUM
           RESERVE,  SKIMMERS, STORAGE,  LOUISIANA
0467    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, POLLUTION CONTROL, SPILL CLEANUP,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,
           GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS,  JAPAN
0469    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BOOMS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  RISK ANALYSIS,  MODELS, SKIMMERS,
           "COMPUTER SIMULATIONS
0475    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BLACK  SEA,  REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,
           GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP, USSR
0476    "   DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BALLAST  , OIL-WATER SEPARATION, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  TANKERS,
           FILTRATION
                                                  217

-------
0477
0479

0658

0666


0670

R013
R023

R024
R068

0352

0402

0473

0484
0505

0513
0562
0564
0569

0574

0575

0584

0587

0601

0609

0633

0639

0641

R021

R052
0366

0591

0616

0621
0542

0651

0675

0380

0406

0414
0465

0535

0536
EQUIPMENT,  DRILLING ,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BLOWOUT PREVENTION,  PATENT
 11  DISPERSION,  BIODEGRADATION,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL CLEANUP,  POLLUTION
    PREVENTION,  SHIPS, TANKERS,  SOURCES,  STATISTICS, OIL SLICKS, SPREADING
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CALIFORNIA, TANKERS,  OIL TRANSFER,  SPILL CLEANUP,
    *LIGHTERING OPERATIONS,  *VLCC
 "  DRILLING  ,  DETECTION, OIL INDUSTRY,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL
    TRANSFER,  STORAGE, PIPELINES, TANKERS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL, SPILL
    DISPOSAL
 11  ECONOMICS,  DISPOSAL  , REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  WASTEWATER
    TREATMENT,  SOLID WASTES
 "  DETECTION,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING, SURVEILLANCE
 11  EPA, BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, *PERFORMANCE TESTING,  *AIR JET BOOM,  *OHMSETT
    FACILITY
 "  EPA, DOE,  BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  'PERFORMANCE TESTING, *OHMSETT FACILITY
 "  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FRANCE,
    * PERFORMANCE TESTING
ESTUARIES,  DRIFT,  DELAWARE BAY,  REMOTE  SENSING, SPREADING,  MOVEMENT,  MODELS, OIL
    SLICKS,  SURVEILLANCE, *ESTUARINE FRONTS
    COASTS,  BEACHES, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL DISPOSAL,
    SHORELINES,  HARBORS, FRANCE
    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  DISPOSAL  ,  DEVELOPMENT ,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  PORTS ,
    WASTEWATERS,  REGULATIONS,  US, INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
 "  BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
 "  DISTRIBUTION,  DEVELOPMENT ,  COASTAL WATERS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,
    INVERTEBRATES
    DISTRIBUTION,  BIOMASS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  ZOOPLANKTON,  HYDROCARBONS
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  HEALTH HAZARDS,  GULF OF MEXICO
    ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTAL WATERS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, CONTAMINANTS,
    COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  OIL SPILLS
    ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, COASTAL WATERS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
    US,  *PROCEEDINGS
    ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, MARSHES,
    PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
 "  ECOSYSTEMS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, OIL  SPILLS,  MOVEMENT,  HYDROCARBONS ,
    MICROORGANISMS, GC/MS
 "  COASTS,  BEHAVIOR,  BEACHES,  AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, FATE,  SHORELINES, SEDIMENTS,
    PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  FRANCE,  'COASTAL  PROCESSES, 'VULNERABILITY INDEX
    BEHAVIOR,  MODELS,  SPREADING, MOVEMENT,  PREDICTIONS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  *TIDAL
    SIMULATIONS
    ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MODELS,  OIL SPILLS,
    GROUNDWATER,  WATER QUALITY
    ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, OIL TRANSFER, REFINERIES,
    PETROCHEMICALS, INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DRILLING  , COASTAL WATERS,  OFFSHORE EXPLORATION, OFFSHORE
    PRODUCTION,  GULF OF  MEXICO
    DEVELOPMENT ,  COASTAL WATERS, ALASKA ,  POLLUTION CONTOL,  PRODUCTION ,  OIL
    TRANSPORT,  PIPELINES, TANKERS, INDUSTRIES
    DELAWARE,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SEDIMENTS, OIL DISCHARGES, 'PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS,
    *URBAN RUNOFF
 "  CRUDE  OIL,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  MICROORGANISMS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, SEDIMENTS
EVAPORATION,  DISPERSANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SAMPLING,  OIL SPILLS, HYDROCARBONS , *OIL
    SPILL  VAPORS
 "  CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BUZZARDS BAY, BOUCHARD 65 SPILL,  HYDROCARBONS  ,
    FUEL OIL,  WEATHERING, SAMPLING,  ICE,  SHIPS
 "  CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIODEGRADATION, FATE,  SEDIMENTATION,  SOLUTION, WEATHERING, FUEL
    OIL, HYDROCARBONS  ,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, ANALYTICAL TECHNQIUES
    OIL  SPILLS,  FUEL OIL, FATE,  TANKERS,  GREENLAND, 'POTOMAC SPILL
EXPLORATION ,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, EIS,  DRILLING  , CANADA,  BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,
    OIL  FIELDS,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS
    ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION,  DEVELOPMENT ,  RESOURCE
    MANAGEMENT,  WILDLIFE
 "  PRODUCTION ,  OIL TRANSPORT,  STORAGE,  PIPELINES, REFINERIES, OIL SHALE, OIL SPILLS,
    OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, 'ACCIDENTS
FATE,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
    SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, HYDROCARBONS
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,
    SEDIMENTS,  'BRAZILIAN MARINA SPILL
    DISPERSANTS,  OIL SLICKS,  WEATHERING,
    BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,
    TANKERS,  SOURCES,  'LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION
 "  BEHAVIOR,  RECOVERY,  SPILL CLEANUP,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  MOVEMENT, OIL SPILLS, METULA
    SPILL,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTAL WATERS,  OIL SPILLS,  METULA SPILL,  URQUIOLA  SPILL,
    'VULNERABILITY  INDEX
 ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
,  FISH, MASSACHUSETTS
CRUDE OIL,  BRAZIL, BEACHES,  SPILL CLEANUP,

 SPILL CLEANUP,  TOXICITY
            REGULATIONS,  IMCO,  OIL TRANSPORT,
                                                218

-------
0566  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, TANKERS,  FISH,  *DRUPA SPILL
0573    "   BUZZARDS BAY,  FUEL OIL,  SEDIMENTS, ICE,  FLORIDA  SPILL
0576    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BEAUFORT
           SEA,  OIL SPILLS, SPILL  RESPONSE, MOVEMENT, TOXICITY,  PLANKTON,  MARINE MAMMALS,
           FISH, *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
0583    "   EKOFISK BLOWOUT, DRIFT,  SPREADING, WEATHERING, STATISTICAL ANLYSIS,  SEA SURFACE,
           NORTH SEA
0586    "   DISTRIBUTION,  CONCENTRATIONS, BEHAVIOR,  BAYS,  AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  SEDIMENTS,  FRANCE
0587    "   ESTUARIES,  COASTS, BEHAVIOR, BEACHES,  AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL, SHORELINES,  SEDIMENTS,
           PHYSICAL EFFECTS, FRANCE,  *COASTAL PROCESSES,  *VULNERABILITY INDEX
0592    "   CHEMICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0593    "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BEACHES,  SEDIMENTS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  *ARROW SPILL
0595    "   BLOWOUTS,  BEHAVIOR, MODELS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
0597    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  BEHAVIOR,  MODELS,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE,
           SPILL CLEANUP,  RISK ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
0607    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MODELS,  FISHERIES,  OIL
           SPILLS, FISH,  GEORGES BANK
0608    "   DRIFT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,  ATLANTIC  OCEAN,  MODELS,  OIL SPILLS,
           FISHERIES,  PREDICTIONS,  FISH, SPREADING,  MOVEMENT,  GEORGES BANK,  *COD
0610    "   ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  PREDICTIONS,  MOVEMENT,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  SAMPLING,   GULF  OF
           MEXICO
0613    "   AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  AQUATIC  ENVIRONMENT, TOXICITY,  FISH,  UPTAKE,  *PNA
0614    "   DISPERSION,  DISPERSANTS,  BOOMS,  OIL  SPILLS, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  SPREADING,
           MONITORING,  MOVEMENT
0615    "   COASTAL WATERS, SOURCES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  OCS,  MONITORING,  *POLLUTANT
           TRANSFER
0616    "   EVAPORATION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIODEGRADATION, SEDIMENTATION,  SOLUTION, WEATHERING,
           FUEL OIL,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, ANALYTICAL TECHNQIUES
0617    "   EKOFISK BLOWOUT, DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SPREADING,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  GC/MS,
           NORTH SEA
0619    "   DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL  EFFECTS,  CALIFORNIA, BENTHOS,  FUEL OIL,  SEDIMENTS,  HARBORS,
           SEDIMENTATION,   INCINERATION, SANSINENA SPILL
0620    "   HYDROCARBONS ,   PLANKTON,  NORTH  SEA,  UK,  *CHLOROPHYLL,  *CARBON
0621    "   EVAPORATION,  OIL SPILLS,  FUEL OIL, TANKERS, GREENLAND,  *POTOMAC SPILL
0622    "   CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  FUEL OIL, INCINERATION, WATER QUALITY,  HARBORS,
           SANSINENA  SPILL
0623    "   DISTRIBUTION,  CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEACHES,  TAR,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,
           SEDIMENTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,  SANTA BARBARA  CHANNEL
0624    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,  BEHAVIOR,  OIL  SPILLS, MODELS,  MOLLUSKS,
           FISHERIES,  *RESEARCH  PROGRAM
R028    "   CHEMICAL EFFECTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,  SPILL RESPONSE,
           INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  PHYSICAL  EFFECTS, *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
R038    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
           HYDROCARBONS ,   MARINE ORGANISMS,  TOXICITY,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS, NOAA
R039    "   COASTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE  STUDIES,  ARCTIC,  ICE,  OCS, SEDIMENTS,  OIL SPILLS,
           PREDICTIONS
R054    "   CONTAMINANTS,  ALASKA  ,  ADSORPTION,  SOURCES, SEDIMENTS,  MOVEMENT,  PRODUCTION ,
           *COOK INLET
R055    "   ARCTIC, ICE,  OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT, PREDICTIONS,  *POOLING
R057    "   BEHAVIOR,  MODELS, OIL SLICKS, PREDICTIONS,  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
R060    "   DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  BUZZARDS BAY, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ANALYTICAL
           TECHNIQUES,  HYDROCARBONS , *NEW YORK BIGHT
0476   FILTRATION, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BALLAST , OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  POLLUTION
           PREVENTION,  TANKERS
R067    "   WASTEWATERS,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  REFINING,  *MICELLAR
           FLOODING,  *SULFONATES
0563   FINLAND, CONCENTRATIONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BALTIC  SEA,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE
           IDENTIFICATION, PHYTO PLANKTON,  FISH,  SWEDEN, USSR,  *TAGGING
0347   FISH,  DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CALIFORNIA,  BIOINDICATORS,
           BENTHOS, HYDROCARBONS  ,  SEDIMENTS, NATURAL  SEEPAGE,  OCS, SANTA  BARBARA CHANNEL
0361    "   CONTAMINATION,   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SAMPLING, *SALMON,  *SAITHE, *OIL TAINTING
0380    "   FATE, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL, ANALYTICAL
           TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, HYDROCARBONS  ,  MASSACHUSETTS
0495    "   CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BARENTS SEA, WSF, REPRODUCTION,  *HATCHING
0497    "   DEVELOPMENT ,  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS ,  FUEL OIL,
           REPRODUCTION,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  GROWTH,  *PSEUDOPLEURONECTES AMERICANUS
0511    "   CRUDE OIL,  BENTHOS, ALASKA , WSF,  FUEL OIL, TOXICITY,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
           INVERTEBRATES,   INTERTIDAL ZONE,  *PELAGIC ZONE
0522    "   DEVELOPMENT ,  CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC  EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, UPTAKE,
           WSF, GROWTH,  FISH, *PLATICHTHYS STELLATUS
0525    "   EKOFISK BLOWOUT, CONTAMINATION,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  BENTHOS,  MOLLUSKS,  SAMPLING,
           HYDROCARBONS ,  NORTH  SEA
0528    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ABSORPTION,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  FOOD WEB, *TAINTING
0538    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS,  ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,
           ZOOPLANKTON,  TANKERS, MASSACHUSETTS
                                                219

-------
0560


0563


0566
0576



0607


0608


0613
0640



0646
R032


R036



R037


0531


0533


0537
0556
0598
0607


0608


0624


0640



0642


0643



0644


0646
0647


0649
0668


0573
0390
0409
0509


0528
R036



R041


R048


0432


0448


0466


0467

0471
FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BAYS, WILDLIFE, MARSHES, SPILL CLEANUP,  SHIPS,  ST.
    LAWRENCE RIVER,  *NEPCO 140 SPILL
 "  FINLAND, CONCENTRATIONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BALTIC SEA, ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,
    SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, PHYTOPLANKTON,  SWEDEN, USSR, *TAGGING
 "  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TANKERS, *DRUPA  SPILL
 "  FATE!  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    BEAUFORT SEA,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE, MOVEMENT, TOXICITY,  PLANKTON,  MARINE
    MAMMALS, *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
 "  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  MODELS, FISHERIES,
    OIL SPILLS,  GEORGES BANK
    FATE,  DRIFT,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, ATLANTIC OCEAN, MODELS, OIL  SPILLS,
    FISHERIES,  PREDICTIONS, SPREADING, MOVEMENT, GEORGES BANK, *COD
 "  FATE,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT, TOXICITY, UPTAKE,  *PNA
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,  PHYSICAL
    EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, MICROORGANISMS, FISHERIES,  NORTH SEA,
    DCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, US, FISHERIES,  *RESEARCH PROJECTS
 "  CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY, OCS, TEXAS,
    *HISTOPATHOLOGY,  *SCIAENIDEA
 "  DISPERSANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA  ,
    HYDROCARBONS , SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, UPTAKE, METABOLISM,  TOXICITY,
    FOOD WEB, *PATHOLOGY
 11  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,
    REPRODUCTION,  GROWTH, TOXICITY, MONITORING
FISHERIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL FIELDS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, OCS,  NORTH SEA,
    GULF OF ALASKA
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, POLLUTION CONTROL, LEGISLATION,
    REGULATIONS,  JAPAN
 "  LEAKAGE, OIL SPILLS, RECOVERY, RESTORATION, WATER QUALITY, FUEL OIL,  JAPAN
 "  COMPENSATION,  ALASKA , LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, US GOVERNMENT
 "  MODELS, SPILL RESPONSE, MOVEMENT, SPILL TRAJECTORIES, PREDICTIONS, GEORGES BANK
 "  FISH,  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  MODELS, OIL
    SPILLS, GEORGES BANK
 "  FISH,  FATE,  DRIFT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, ATLANTIC OCEAN,  MODELS,  OIL
    SPILLS, PREDICTIONS, SPREADING, MOVEMENT, GEORGES BANK, *COD
 "  FATE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION, BEHAVIOR, OIL SPILLS, MODELS,  MOLLUSKS,
    *RESEARCH PROGRAM
 "  FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,
    PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, MICROORGANISMS,  NORTH SEA,
    OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
    COMPENSATION,  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, COASTAL WATERS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
    OIL-GAS LEASING,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
    ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  ECOSYSTEMS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA
    ,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  TANKERS, SAFETY, LIABILITY, OCS, OIL  INDUSTRY,  POLLUTION
    CONTROL, GULF OF ALASKA
    ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, REGULATIONS,
    ONSHORE IMPACTS,  OIL INDUSTRY, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
 "  FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, US, *RESEARCH PROJECTS
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL INDUSTRY, RESOURCE  MANAGEMENT,
    GEORGES BANK
 "  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL INDUSTRY, OCS, OIL-GAS LEASING, GEORGES BANK
FLOCCULATION, BALLAST , AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, ALASKA ,  OIL
    REMOVAL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, MONITORING, GRAVITY SEPARATION, HYDROCARBONS
FLORIDA SPILL,  FATE,  BUZZARDS BAY, FUEL OIL, SEDIMENTS, ICE
FLOTATION, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT
 "  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, PATENT
FOOD WEB,  CARCINOGENS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  SOURCES,  MARINE
    ORGANISMS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, *AHH
 "  FISH,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ABSORPTION,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, *TAINTING
 "  FISH,  DISPERSANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA
    ,  HYDROCARBONS ,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, UPTAKE,  METABOLISM,
    TOXICITY, *PATHOLOGY
 "  BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS, BASELINE STUDIES, ANTARCTICA, HYDROCARBONS ,  OFFSHORE
    PRODUCTION,  *KRILL
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ENVIRONMENT, SOURCE
    IDENTIFICATION
FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  POLLUTION
    CONTROL, LAW ENFORCEMENT,  IMCO, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, *ROCC, *UNEP
    DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, AUSTRALIA, SPILL CLEANUP,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,
    OIL INDUSTRY
    RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS,  *LAW  OF
    THE SEA
 "  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  POLLUTION CONTROL, SPILL CLEANUP, GOVERNMENT
    AGENCIES, LEGISLATION, REGULATIONS, JAPAN
 "  AUSTRALIA,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  POLLUTION CONTROL, *PROCEEDINGS
                                             220

-------
0475  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BLACK  SEA,  REGULATIONS,
          LEGISLATION, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, LAW  ENFORCEMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  USSR
C653   "  CHILE, OIL SPILLS, SPILL RESPONSE, TANKERS,  OIL  TRANSFER, METULA  SPILL,  STRAIT  OF
          MAGELLAN
0402  FRAiiCE, ESTUARIES,  COASTS, BEACHES, AMOCO  CADIZ  SPILL,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,
          SPILL DISPOSAL, SHORELINES, HARBORS
0439   "  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL,  SPILL RESPONSE,  OIL  SPILLS,
          SPILL CLEANUP
0586   "  FATE, DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATIONS, BEHAVIOR,  BAYS,  AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, SEDIMENTS
0587   "  FATE, ESTUARIES, COASTS, BEHAVIOR, BEACHES,  AMOCO  CADIZ  SPILL, SHORELINES,
          SEDIMENTS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  *COASTAL  PROCESSES, *VULNERABILITY INDEX
R068   "  EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
          *PERFORMANCE TESTING
0491  FRESHWATER, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  ANIMALS,  OIL SPILLS,  METABOLISM,
          MICROORGANISMS, PLANTS, SEAWATER
0514   "  DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BACTERIA, ZOOPLANKTON,  FUNGI, MICROORGANISMS
0515   "  ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BACTERIA,  OIL SPILLS,  PLANKTON,  ICE
R033   "  ECOSYSTEMS, BICMASS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARCTIC, ALGAE,  ALASKA ,  OIL SPILLS,
          ZOOPLANKTON, REPRODUCTION,  UPTAKE, *TUNDRA PONDS
0401  FUEL OIL, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP,  ICE,  INCINERATION,  GREAT LAKES,  "IMPERIAL  ST.
          CLAIR SPILL
0416   "  SPILL CLEANUP,  SHORELINES,  SHIPS, ST.  LAWRENCE RIVER,  *NEPCO  140  SPILL
0419   "  EQUIPMENT, BUZZARDS BAY, BOUCHARD 65 SPILL,  BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  ICE, SKIMMERS,
          INCINERATION
0423   "  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL REMOVAL, GROUNDWATER, LEAKAGE,
          OILDISCHARGES,  PENNSYLVANIA,  STORAGE
0482   "  CHESAPEAKE BAY, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  INVERTEBRATES, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
          SHIPS, * BARGE STC-101 SPILL
0494   "  BEHAVIOR, TOXICITY, WSF, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MOLLUSKS,  *FEEDING, *CHEMORECEPTION,
          *ILYANASSA OBSOLETA
0497   "  FISH, DEVELOPMENT , CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS  ,
          REPRODUCTION, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  GROWTH, *PSEUDOPLEURONECTES  AMERICANUS
0498   "  DEVELOPMENT , AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, WSF,  TOXICITY,  MORTALITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
          RESPIRATION, GROWTH,  METABOLISM,  *RHITHROPANOPEUS  HARISSI,  *LIMULUS  POLYPHEMUS
0511   "  FISH, CRUDE OIL, BENTHOS, ALASKA  , WSF, TOXICITY,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  INVERTEBRATES,
          INTERTIDAL ZONE, *PELAGIC ZONE
0524   "  DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
          TOXICITY
0537   "  FISHERIES, LEAKAGE, OIL SPILLS, RECOVERY,  RESTORATION, WATER  QUALITY, JAPAN
0573   "  FLORIDA SPILL,  FATE,  BUZZARDS BAY, SEDIMENTS,  ICE
0585   "  BUZZARDS BAY, BOUCHARD 65 SPILL,  ICE,  MOVEMENT,  OIL SPILLS, MODELS
0590   "  DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, BEHAVIOR, BEACHES, SHORELINES, SEDIMENTS
0591   "  EVAPORATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  BUZZARDS BAY, BOUCHARD 65 SPILL,
          HYDROCARBONS ,  WEATHERING,  SAMPLING, ICE,  SHIPS
0616   "  FATE, EVAPORATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIODEGRADATION,  SEDIMENTATION,  SOLUTION,
          WEATHERING, HYDROCARBONS ,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, ANALYTICAL TECHNQIUES
0619   "  FATE, DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL  EFFECTS,  CALIFORNIA,  BENTHOS,  SEDIMENTS, HARBORS,
          SEDIMENTATION,  INCINERATION,  SANSINENA SPILL
0621   "  FATE, EVAPORATION, OIL SPILLS, TANKERS, GREENLAND,  *POTOMAC SPILL
0622   "  FATE, CALIFORNIA, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  INCINERATION,  WATER QUALITY,  HARBORS,
          SANSINENA SPILL
0514  FUNGI, FRESHWATER,  DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BACTERIA, ZOOPLANKTON,
          MICROORGANISMS
0360  GC/MS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  BENTHOS,  ARGO  MERCHANT  SPILL,
          HYDROCARBONS ,  PAH, WSF, SEA  SURFACE,  SEDIMENTS, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  ZOOPLANKTON,
          SOURCES, TANKERS, GEORGES BANK
0370   "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  AMOCO  CADIZ SPILL,  SAMPLING, PAH,
          OXIDATION, UPTAKE, MARINE ORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS,  *MOUSSE
0376   "  CONCENTRATIONS, CHILE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,
          SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS,  WEATHERING,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  METULA SPILL, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0584   "  ESTUARIES, ECOSYSTEMS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT, HYDROCARBONS  ,
          MICROORGANISMS
0617   "  FATE, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SPREADING,  HYDROCARBONS ,
          NORTH SEA
0618   "  EKOFISK BLOWOUT, CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BENTHOS, SEDIMENTS,
          HYDROCARBONS ,  NORTH  SEA
R019   "  CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS ,  SEDIMENTS,  MARINE  ENVIRONMENT
R066   "  EPA, DOE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,
          *ACTIVATED CARBON
0360  GEORGES BANK, GC/MS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  BENTHOS,  ARGO MERCHANT
          SPILL, HYDROCARBONS , PAH,  WSF, SEA SURFACE,  SEDIMENTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
          ZOOPLANKTON, SOURCES, TANKERS
0598   "  FISHERIES, MODELS, SPILL RESPONSE, MOVEMENT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  PREDICTIONS
0607   "  FISHERIES, FISH, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
          MODELS, OIL SPILLS
                                             221

-------
0608

0647

0649
0637

0350

0435

0441

0445

0450

0451
0467

0468
0473

0475

0543
0633

0637

0655

0657

0667
0668

0401

R044
0621
0423

0581

0609

R058
0488

0489

0497

0498

0517

0522

0578

0582
R030

R037

0434
0453

0545

0664
0531
GEORGES BANK,  FISHERIES, FISH,  FATE, DRIFT,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,  ATLANTIC
    OCEAN   MODELS,  OIL SPILLS,  PREDICTIONS,  SPREADING, MOVEMENT,  *COD
 11  FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL INDUSTRY,  RESOURCE
    MANAGEMENT
 "  FISHERIES,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL  INDUSTRY,  OCS, OIL-GAS LEASING
GEORGIA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS,
    OCs', RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,  GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES
GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES,  REMOTE SENSING, SURVEILLANCE,  MONITORING,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,
    MODELS,  *NASA,  *SATELLITES
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  USCG,  SPILL CLEANUP,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,
    *NATIONAL  RESPONSE CENTER
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  CANADA,  BEAUFORT SEA,  SPILL RESPONSE,  *BREX  III  FIELD
    EXERCISE
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL  RESPONSE, SPILL
    COOPERATIVES
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  TANKERS,  USCG, LIABILITY,
    MASSACHUSETTS,  *GLOBAL HOPE SPILL
 "  EPA, SPILL RESPONSE, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,  *US FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
 "  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, POLLUTION CONTROL,  SPILL
    CLEANUP,  LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS, JAPAN
 "  POLLUTION  CONTROL, TANKERS,  OIL DISCHARGES,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  UK
 "  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION,  DISPOSAL ,  DEVELOPMENT ,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
    PORTS  ,  WASTEWATERS, REGULATIONS, US,  INDUSTRIES
 "  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BLACK SEA, REGULATIONS,
    LEGISLATION, LAW ENFORCEMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  USSR
    ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  BLM,  BASELINE  STUDIES, ALASKA  ,  OCS, NOAA,  MODELS
 "  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  OIL TRANSFER,
    REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,  INDUSTRIES
 "  GEORGIA,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT , ONSHORE IMPACTS, PIPELINES, OIL
    SPILLS,  OCS, RESOURCE  MANAGEMENT
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS, SAFETY,  LEGISLATION,  POLLUTION
    PREVENTION, REGULATIONS
    CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ALASKA ,  PORTS  , OIL TERMINALS, OIL TRANSPORT,  INDUSTRIES,
    SPILL  RESPONSE, SPILL  CLEANUP,  USCG,  *PORT VALDEZ
GRAVITY SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  SLUDGE ,  REUSE, PATENT
 "  FLOCCULATION, BALLAST  , AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  ALASKA , OIL
    REMOVAL,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  MONITORING,  HYDROCARBONS
GREAT  LAKES,  FUEL OIL, OIL SPILLS,  SPILL  CLEANUP, ICE, INCINERATION, *IMPERIAL ST.
    CLAIR  SPILL
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOASSAY, AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT, TOXICITY, WASTEWATERS
GREENLAND,  FUEL OIL, FATE, EVAPORATION, OIL  SPILLS,  TANKERS,  *POTOMAC  SPILL
GROUNDWATER,  FUEL OIL, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL REMOVAL, LEAKAGE,
    OILDISCHARGES,  PENNSYLVANIA, STORAGE
 "  EMULSIONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS ,  SOIL, MODELS,
    RESPIRATION
 "  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, ECONOMICS,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MODELS,
    OIL SPILLS, WATER QUALITY
 "  CONTAMINATION,  MODELS, PREDICTIONS, OIL  SHALE
GROWTH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY,
    HYDROCARBONS ,  REPRODUCTION
 "  CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL,  CONCENTRATIONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  WSF, METABOLISM,
    MORTALITY,  REPRODUCTION,  *CRANGON CRANGON
    FUEL OIL,  FISH, DEVELOPMENT ,  CONTAMINATION,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS  ,
    REPRODUCTION, SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, *PSEUDOPLEURONECTES  AMERICANUS
    FUEL OIL,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  WSF, TOXICITY,  MORTALITY,  SUBLETHAL
    EFFECTS, RESPIRATION,  METABOLISM, *RHITHROPANOPEUS HARISSI,  *LIMULUS  POLYPHEMUS
 "  CRUDE  OIL, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  ALGAE,  WSF,  METABOLISM, *NAPHTHALENES,
    *CHLAMYDOMONAS ANGULOSA
 "  FISH,  DEVELOPMENT  , CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,
    UPTAKE,  WSF, FISH, *PLATICHTHYS STELLATUS
 "  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  METABOLISM,  OXIDATION,
    *CYCLOHEXANOL
 "  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  METABOLISM,  *BUTADIENE
 "  ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, CONCENTRATIONS, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    HYDROCARBONS ,  MARINE  ORGANISMS, UPTAKE, RELEASE, SEDIMENTS,  PACIFIC  COAST
 "  FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,  MARINE  ENVIRONMENT,
    REPRODUCTION, TOXICITY,  MONITORING
GUIDELINES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  SPILL RESPONSE,
    *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
    BASELINE STUDIES, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
    SAMPLING,  MARINE ORGANISMS
 "  SAFETY,  LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS, TANKERS,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION, US
GULF  OF ALASKA, FISHERIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL FIELDS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,
    OCS, NORTH SEA
                                               222

-------
               OIL  FIELDS
               ANIMALS,  MARINE MAMMALS,  OIL

              ,  SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS,  OCS,  NEW
0643  GULF  OF ALASKA,  FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  MANAGEMENT,  ECOSYSTEMS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
          BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, ALASKA ,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  TANKERS,  SAFETY,  LIABILITY,
          OCS,  OIL  INDUSTRY, POLLUTION CONTROL
0454  GULF  OF MEXICO,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, SPILL COOPERATIVES,  PERSONNEL
          TRAINING, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE
0546    "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS,  DEVELOPMENT ,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,
          OCS,  MISSISSIPPI
0562    "  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  HEALTH HAZARDS
0610    "  FATE, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  PREDICTIONS,  MOVEMENT,  PHYSICAL  EFFECTS, SAMPLING
0639    "  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DRILLING , COASTAL WATERS,  OFFSHORE EXPLORATION,
          OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION
0648    "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE EXPLORATION, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  OCS,  REFINING,
          OIL TRANSPORT,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  CONFERENCE
0650    "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SOCIOECONOMIC  EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, LOUISIANA
R03I    "  CORALS, CARCINOGENS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,  OIL SHALE, METABOLISM,
          *DRILLING FLUIDS
R045    "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  CONTAMINANTS,
R034  HABITATS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
          SPILLS, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  *SEA  OTTERS
0368  HARBORS,  DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATIONS,  HYDROCARBONS
          YORK
0402    "  FRANCE, ESTUARIES, COASTS, BEACHES, AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL, SPILL  RESPONSE,  SPILL
          CLEANUP,  SPILL DISPOSAL,  SHORELINES
0410    "  EQUIPMENT,  CALIFORNIA,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE, TANKERS,  SANSINENA SPILL
0424    "  EQUIPMENT,  CALIFORNIA,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE, TANKERS,  USCG,  SANSINENA
          SPILL
0440    "  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL COOPERATIVES, SPILL  RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION
0619    "  FUEL OIL, FATE, DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL EFFECTS,  CALIFORNIA, BENTHOS,  SEDIMENTS,
          SEDIMENTATION,  INCINERATION,  SANSINENA SPILL
0622    "  FUEL OIL, FATE, CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  INCINERATION, WATER QUALITY,
          SANSINENA SPILL
0562  HEALTH HAZARDS,  GULF OF MEXICO,  ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, CHRONIC
          EFFECTS
0347  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FISH, DISTRIBUTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CALIFORNIA,
          BIOINDICATORS,  BENTHOS,  SEDIMENTS,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  OCS, SANTA  BARBARA CHANNEL
0355    "  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,  REMOTE SENSING, MOVEMENT,  MONITORING,  SURVEILLANCE, SPILL
          TRAJECTORIES, SEA  SURFACE
0358    "  DISPERSION,  DISPERSANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING
0360    "  GEORGES BANK, GC/MS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  BENTHOS,  ARGO
          MERCHANT  SPILL, PAH, WSF, SEA SURFACE, SEDIMENTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  ZOOPLANKTON,
           SOURCES,  TANKERS
0362    "  DISPERSANTS,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SPECTROSCOPY,  OIL SPILLS
0363    "  DETECTION,  CONCENTRATIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PACIFIC OCEAN
0366    "   EVAPORATION,  DISPERSANTS, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, SAMPLING, OIL SPILLS,  *OIL SPILL
          VAPORS
0367    "  DISTRIBUTION, DETECTION,  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
           SAMPLING, NORTH SEA
0368    "   HARBORS,  DISTRIBUTION,  CONCENTRATIONS, SAMPLING,  SEDIMENTS, OCS,  NEW YORK
0374    "  CONCENTRATIONS, COASTAL WATERS, BERMUDA,  SEDIMENTS,  TROPICAL  REGIONS, SAMPLING,
          MODELS
0379    "   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,
           SAMPLING, SPECTROSCOPY,  *IR,  *UV, *FLUORESCENCE
0380    "   FISH, FATE,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL,  ANALYTICAL
          TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  MASSACHUSETTS
0480    "  AMPHIPODS,  WSF, SEDIMENTS, UPTAKE,  RELEASE, *NAPHTHALENES, *BIOMAGNIFICATION
0481    "   CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION, BENTHOS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
           INVERTEBRATES,  SEDIMENTS, UPTAKE
0483    "   CHRONIC EFFECTS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  MARINE
           ENVT RONM ENT ,  NO RWAY
0487    "   BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, TOXICITY
0488    "  GROWTH, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,
           REPRODUCTION
0490    "   CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION, ABSORPTION,  MARINE MAMMALS, METABOLISM,  UPTAKE, RELEASE,
           *PHOCA  HISPIDA
0493    "   BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, ALGAE, TOXICITY,  SOLUBILITY,  *CELL MEMBRANE
0497    "  GROWTH, FUEL OIL,  FISH,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
           REPRODUCTION, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  *PSEUDOPLEURONECTES AMERICANUS
0499    "   CRUSTACEANS,  PAH,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  RESPIRATION,  TOXICITY, *PHENANTHRENE,
           *RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII
0500    "  CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIRDS,  TOXICITY, UPTAKE
0501    "   BACTERIA, ALGAE, MICROORGANISMS,  PLANKTON
0504    "   ECOSYSTEMS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOINDICATORS, BENTHOS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
          MARSHES,  INVERTEBRATES,  OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING,  *BIOMAGNIFICATION
0506    "   CRUSTACEANS,  CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
           "HISTOLOGY,  *PENAEUS AZTECUS
                              INVERTEBRATES,
223

-------
0510

0512
0513
0525

0578

0579

0581

0582
0584

0591

0593
0604
0616

0617
0618

0620
0638
0668

R010
R014
R019
R020

R030

R035
R036
R038

R041

R042

R047

R053
R060

R061

R062

0395
0396
0397
0399
0401

0419

0431

0433

0446
0449

0515

0573
0585
0591
HYDROCARBONS  ,  CRUSTACEANS,  ALASKA ,  TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, MORTALITY,  MARINE
    ORGANISMS
 "  CONTAMINATION,  CALIFORNIA,  BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES,  INVERTEBRATES,  SAMPLING, DCS
 "  ESTUARIES,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOMASS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  ZOOPLANKTON
    FISH, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS,  MOLLUSKS,
    SAMPLING,  NORTH SEA
 11  GROWTH, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, OXIDATION,
    *CYCLOHEXANOL
 "  CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  *PLASMID
    TRANSFER,  *GENETIC ENGINEERING, *PSEUDOMONAS
 11  GROUNDWATER,  EMULSIONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIODEGRADATION,  SOIL, MODELS,
    RESPIRATION
    GROWTH, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, *BUTADIENE
 "  GC/MS,  ESTUARIES, ECOSYSTEMS,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, OIL  SPILLS,  MOVEMENT,
    MICROORGANISMS
 "  FUEL OIL,  EVAPORATION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BUZZARDS  BAY,  BOUCHARD
    65 SPILL,  WEATHERING,  SAMPLING, ICE, SHIPS
    FATE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BEACHES, SEDIMENTS, *ARROW SPILL
 "  MODELS, SEDIMENTS, MOVEMENT,  SUBARCTIC  REGIONS
 "  FUEL OIL,  FATE, EVAPORATION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIODEGRADATION,  SEDIMENTATION,
    SOLUTION,  WEATHERING,  MARINE  ENVIRONMENT, ANALYTICAL  TECHNQIUES
 "  GC/MS,  FATE,  EKOFISK  BLOWOUT,  DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, SPREADING,  NORTH SEA
 "  GC/MS,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  CONTAMINATION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BENTHOS,  SEDIMENTS,
    NORTH SEA
 "  FATE, PLANKTON, NORTH SEA,  UK, *CHLOROPHYLL, *CARBON
    OIL DISCHARGES, PLATFORMS,  NORTH SEA, POLLUTION CONTROL
 "  GRAVITY SEPARATION, FLOCCULATION, BALLAST  ,  AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,  ANALYTICAL
    TECHNIQUES,  ALASKA ,  OIL REMOVAL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  MONITORING
 "  DETECTION,  BILGES, BACTERIA,  WASTEWATERS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  *ENZYME ELECTRODE
    DETECTION,  CONTAMINANTS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
 "  GC/MS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SEDIMENTS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT
    CRUDE OIL,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
    SPECTROMETRY, *IR
    GROWTH, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, CONCENTRATIONS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL
    EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  UPTAKE, RELEASE,  SEDIMENTS,  PACIFIC COAST
 "  CARCINOGENS,  ALGAE, MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, *PROTOZOA,  *MICROSOMES,  "MUTAGENS
 "  FOOD WEB,  FISH, DISPERSANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE
    STUDIES,  ALASKA , SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  UPTAKE, METABOLISM,
    TOXICITY,  *PATHOLOGY
 "  FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ANALYTICAL
    TECHNIQUES,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  TOXICITY,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS,  NOAA
 "  FOOD WEB,  BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  BASELINE  STUDIES, ANTARCTICA, OFFSHORE
    PRODUCTION,  "KRILL
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATIONS,  BENTHOS, BEAUFORT SEA,
    BASELINE  STUDIES, ALASKA ,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION
 "  DETECTION,  CONCENTRATIONS,  CARCINOGENS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
    TOXICITY,  SAMPLING
 "  DECOMPOSITION,  BIODEGRADATION, MARINE ENVIRONMENT, RECOVERY
 "  FATE, DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BUZZARDS BAY,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  *NEW YORK BIGHT
 "  ECOSYSTEMS,  DRILLING  ,  BIOASSAY,  PETROCHEMICALS, TOXICITY,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,
    *DRILLING  MUDS
    REFINERIES,  WASTEWATERS,  MONITORING, WATER  QUALITY, POLLUTION CONTROL,  *THERMAL
    OIL RECOVERY
ICE, EQUIPMENT,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL REMOVAL,  RIVERS,  SKIMMERS
    DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  RIVERS,  USCG,  "CANADIAN COAST GUARD
    DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  RIVERS, SPILL  REMOVAL
 "  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL CONTAINMENT, INLAND,  RIVERS,  SORBENTS,  "LAND SPILLS
 "  GREAT LAKES,  FUEL OIL,  OIL SPILLS, SPILL  CLEANUP, INCINERATION, -"IMPERIAL ST.
    CLAIR SPILL
 "  FUEL OIL,  EQUIPMENT,  BUZZARDS BAY, BOUCHARD 65 SPILL,  BOOMS,  SPILL  CLEANUP,
    SKIMMERS,  INCINERATION
 "  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL RESPONSE,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  SHIPS,  USCG,  RIVERS,  OIL REMOVAL,
    MISSISSIPPI RIVER
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ALASKA , SPILL RESPONSE, PIPELINES,  INLAND,  TRANS-ALASKA
    PIPELINE,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  RESTORATION
 "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ARCTIC,  SPILL RESPONSE,  MODELS,  MOVEMENT, SPREADING
 "  BEHAVIOR,  ARCTIC, ALASKA ,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SUBARCTIC  REGIONS, SPILL
    CLEANUP,EQUIPMENT, USCG
 "  FRESHWATER,  ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BACTERIA, OIL SPILLS,
    PLANKTON
 "  FUEL OIL,  FLORIDA SPILL,  FATE, BUZZARDS BAY, SEDIMENTS
    FUEL OIL,  BUZZARDS BAY, BOUCHARD 65 SPILL,  MOVEMENT,  OIL SPILLS, MODELS
 "  HYDROCARBONS , FUEL OIL,  EVAPORATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BUZZARDS
    BAY,  BOUCHARD  65 SPILL, WEATHERING, SAMPLING,  SHIPS
                                                224

-------
0676  ICE,  SHIPS, RIVERS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  *ACCIDENTS,  *OHIO RIVER
R016    "   DEVELOPMENT  ,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BEHAVIOR, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA
           ,  SPILL RESPONSE
R039    "   FATE, COASTS,  BEAUFORT  SEA,  BASELINE  STUDIES, ARCTIC,  OCS,  SEDIMENTS,  OIL SPILLS,
           PREDICTIONS
R049    "   CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, ARCTIC,  ALASKA  ,  MICROORGANISMS
ROSS    "   FATE, ARCTIC,  OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT, PREDICTIONS,  "POOLING
R059    "   BEAUFORT SEA,  MODELS, MOVEMENT, SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  REMOTE SENSING,  OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT,  RISK ANALYSIS,  *RADAR
R065  ILLINOIS, CONTAMINANTS,  REFINING,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, "INDIANA
0432  IMCO,  FOREIGN  GOVERNMENTS,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, POLLUTION
           CONTROL, LAW  ENFORCEMENT,  MEDITERRANEAN SEA, *ROCC,  *UNEP
0465    "   FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, REGULATIONS,  OIL TRANSPORT,
           TANKERS, SOURCES, *LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION
0401  INCINERATION,  ICE,  GREAT LAKES,  FUEL OIL,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  "IMPERIAL  ST.
           CLAIR SPILL
0419    "   ICE, FUEL  OIL,  EQUIPMENT,  BUZZARDS  BAY, BOUCHARD  65  SPILL,  BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP,
           SKIMMERS
0619    "   HARBORS, FUEL OIL, FATE,  DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL EFFECTS, CALIFORNIA,  BENTHOS,
           SEDIMENTS, SEDIMENTATION,  SANSINENA SPILL
0622    "   HARBORS, FUEL OIL, FATE,  CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, WATER QUALITY, SANSINENA
           SPILL
0372  INDUSTRIES, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SPECTROSCOPY, WASTEWATERS
0447    "   CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, CANADA,  BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE,
           POLLUTION  CONTROL
0473    "   GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DISPOSAL ,  DEVELOPMENT ,
           POLLUTION  CONTROL, PORTS  , WASTEWATERS, REGULATIONS, US
0474    "   ECONOMICS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS, WASTWATER TREATMENT,
           *MANAGEMENT  ,  "HANDBOOK
0554    "   ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION, OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY,  POLLUTION CONTROL
0628    "   ECONOMICS, COST ANALYSIS,  LEGISLATION,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, OIL  DISCHARGES,
           WASTEWATERS
0633    "   GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,
           OIL  TRANSFER,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS
0641    "   ESTUARIES,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  COASTAL WATERS, ALASKA  ,  POLLUTION CONTOL,  PRODUCTION  ,
           OIL  TRANSPORT,  PIPELINES,  TANKERS
0657    "   GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ALASKA ,  PORTS , OIL TERMINALS,  OIL
           TRANSPORT,  SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP, USCG, "PORT VALDEZ
0411  INFORMATION SYSTEMS, EQUIPMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL  RESPONSE,  USCG
0437    "   CANADA, SPILL RESPONSE,  "MANITOBA,  "ENVIRONMENTAL ACCIDENT PROGRAM,  "SPILL
           REPORTING
R028    "   FATE, CHEMICAL EFFECTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR, SPILL
           RESPONSE,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, "SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
R046    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  OIL SPILLS,
           SPILL RESPONSE
R069    "   RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS,  PUGET  SOUND, WASHINGTON,  NEW YORK, "MESA
0399  INLAND,  ICE, EQUIPMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  RIVERS,  SORBENTS, "LAND
           SPILLS
0433    "   ICE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA  , SPILL RESPONSE,  PIPELINES,  TRANS-ALASKA
           PIPELINE,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL  CLEANUP, RESTORATION
0659    "   EPA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, COASTS,  STORAGE, OIL TANKS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, USN,
           REGULATIONS
0558  INSURANCE,  LEGISLATION,  LIABILITY, US GOVERNMENT, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, REGULATIONS
0432  INTERNATIONAL  AGREEMENTS,  IMCO,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, POLLUTION
           CONTROL, LAW ENFORCEMENT,  MEDITERRANEAN SEA, "ROCC,  "UNEP
0457    "   LEGISLATION,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  OCEANS
0461    "   ECONOMIC EFFECTS, LEGISLATION, US,  LIABILITY, TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE,  TANKERS,
           REGULATIONS
0558    "   INSURANCE,  LEGISLATION,  LIABILITY,  US GOVERNMENT,  REGULATIONS
0465  INTERNATIONAL  CONVENTIONS,  IMCO,  FATE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  REGULATIONS,  OIL TRANSPORT,
           TANKERS, SOURCES, "LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION
0466    "   FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS,  "LAW OF THE SEA
0425  INTERTIDAL  ZONE,  EQUIPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, DISPERSANTS, BEACHES,
           SPILL CLEANUP,  SHORELINES
0482    "   FUEL OIL,  CHESAPEAKE BAY,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  INVERTEBRATES,  SHIPS,
           "BARGE  STC-101 SPILL
0511    "   FUEL OIL,  FISH,  CRUDE OIL, BENTHOS, ALASKA  , WSF,  TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS,
           INVERTEBRATES,  "PELAGIC ZONE
0520    "   DISTRIBUTION,  COASTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, METULA  SPILL, INVERTEBRATES, SPAIN
0521    "   DETECTION,  CHILE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,  RECOVERY, MORTALITY,
           INVERTEBRATES,  METULA SPILL,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0523    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIOASSAY,  MARINE  ORGANISMS, MOLLUSKS, POLYCHAETES, UPTAKE
0540    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,
           MONITORING,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  SEDIMENTS, RESTORATION, TROPICAL  REGIONS, RECOVERY,
           PUERTO  RICO
                                                 225

-------
0568  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHILE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,
          RECOVERY,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  METULA  SPILL,  STRAIT  OF MAGELLAN
0623   "  FATE,  DISTRIBUTION,  CALIFORNIA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEACHES, TAR,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,
          SEDIMENTS,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,  SANTA  BARBARA CHANNEL
0343  INVERTEBRATES,  BENTHOS,  MONITORING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL FIELDS,  NORTH SEA
0481   "  HYDROCARBONS ,  CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION, BENTHOS,  MARINE
          ORGANISMS,  SEDIMENTS,  UPTAKE
0482   "  INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL OIL,  CHESAPEAKE  BAY,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, SHIPS,
          *BARGE STC-101 SPILL
0485   "  CRUDE  OIL,  BENTHOS,  ARCTIC,  AMPHIPODS,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
          MORTALITY,  SEDIMENTS
0496   "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, *CAROTENOIDS
0504   "  HYDROCARBONS ,  ECOSYSTEMS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOINDICATORS, BENTHOS, AROMATIC
          HYDROCARBONS, MARSHES,  OIL DISCHARGES,  MONITORING,  *BIOMAGNIFICATION
0505   "  ESTUARIES,  DISTRIBUTION,  DEVELOPMENT ,  COASTAL WATERS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS
0506   "  HYDROCARBONS ,  CRUSTACEANS,  CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
          *HISTOLOGY, *PENAEUS AZTECUS
0511   "  INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL OIL,  FISH, CRUDE OIL, BENTHOS,  ALASKA  , WSF,  TOXICITY,
          MARINE ORGANISMS,  *PELAGIC ZONE
0512   "  HYDROCARBONS ,  CONTAMINATION, CALIFORNIA,  BENTHOS,  BASELINE  STUDIES,  SAMPLING,  OCS
0519   "  CRUDE  OIL,  COASTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, MOLLUSKS, MORTALITY,  URQUIOLA
          SPILL,  SPAIN
0520   "  INTERTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION, COASTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, METULA SPILL, SPAIN
0521   "  INTERTIDAL ZONE, DETECTION,  CHILE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  RECOVERY,
          MORTALITY,  METULA  SPILL,  STRAIT OF  MAGELLAN
0369  JAPAN,  CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BAYS,  WATER QUALITY,  SOURCES
0467   "  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,
          POLLUTION CONTROL, SPILL CLEANUP, LEGISLATION, REGULATIONS
0533   "  FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
          LEGISLATION,  REGULATIONS
0537   "  FUEL OIL,  FISHERIES,  LEAKAGE, OIL SPILLS,  RECOVERY,  RESTORATION,  WATER QUALITY
0547  KUWAIT, ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  DEVELOPMENT  , BASELINE
          STUDIES,  OIL INDUSTRY,  RISK ANALYSIS,  PERSIAN GULF,  *UNEP
0671  LAND FARMING,  DISPOSAL ,  BIODEGRADATION, WASTE OIL, SLUDGE
0357  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  EQUIPMENT,  REMOTE SENSING,  MONITORING,  SURVEILLANCE,  USCG, POLLUTION
          CONTROL,  TANKERS,  SHIPS,  *AIREYE SYSTEM
0432   "  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  IMCO, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,
          POLLUTION CONTROL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,  *ROCC, *UNEP
0475   "  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, BLACK
          SEA, REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION, SPILL CLEANUP, USSR
0630   "  EPA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  OIL INDUSTRY, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  PRODUCTION ,
          REGULATIONS,  *STRIPPER WELLS
0662   "  TANKERS,  SHIPS, REGULATIONS,  SAFETY,  PORTS , USCG,  STATISTICS
0665   "  ALASKA ,  USCG,  TANKERS,  SAFETY, US  GOVERNMENT, REGULATIONS,  *VESSEL  TRAFFIC SERVICE
0393  LEAKAGE, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SHIPS, PATENT,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, *CRYOTHERMAL METHOD
0423   "  GROUNDWATER,  FUEL  OIL,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL  REMOVAL,
          OILDISCHARGES,  PENNSYLVANIA,  STORAGE
0537   "  JAPAN,  FUEL OIL, FISHERIES,  OIL SPILLS,  RECOVERY,  RESTORATION,  WATER QUALITY
0457  LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OCEANS
0458   "  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS,  COST ANALYSIS, COMPENSATION, ALASKA ,  REGULATIONS,  OIL SPILLS,  US
0459   "  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS,  COST ANALYSIS, COMPENSATION, OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY
0461   "  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, US, LIABILITY, TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE,
          TANKERS,  REGULATIONS
0462   "  COST ANALYSIS,  SPILL CLEANUP, LIABILITY, US GOVERNMENT
0463   "  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  COMPENSATION,  OIL SPILLS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  UK
0464   "  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  ALASKA ,  OCS,  REGULATIONS
0466   "  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  FOREIGN  GOVERNMENTS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,  REGULATIONS,
          *LAW OF THE SEA
0467   "  JAPAN,  GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
          POLLUTION CONTROL, SPILL CLEANUP, REGULATIONS
0474   "  INDUSTRIES, ECONOMICS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  REGULATIONS,  WASTWATER  TREATMENT,
          •MANAGEMENT  , *HANDBOOK
0475   "  LAW ENFORCEMENT, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY
          PLANNING,  BLACK SEA,  REGULATIONS, SPILL CLEANUP,  USSR
0533   "  JAPAN,  FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
          REGULATIONS
0551   "  COMPENSATION, LIABILITY,  OIL SPILLS,  US GOVERNMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP
0552   "  COMPENSATION, LIABILITY,  OIL SPILLS,  *SUPERFUND
0555   "  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  COMPENSATION,  OIL SPILLS,  *DAMAGE  ASSESSMENT
0556   "  FISHERIES,  COMPENSATION,  ALASKA , LIABILITY, US GOVERNMENT
0557   "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  METULA SPILL,  PERSONNEL TRAINING,  TEXAS
0558   "  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  INSURANCE,  LIABILITY, US GOVERNMENT,  REGULATIONS
0559   "  ALASKA ,  LIABILITY,  US GOVERNMENT,  STATE GOVERNMENTS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT
0561   "  EKOFISK BLOWOUT, ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL, OIL SPILLS,
          TANKERS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  WILDLIFE,  SHIPS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  MICROORGANISMS,
          TOXICITY
                                                226

-------
0627  LEGISLATION,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  COMPENSATION,  LIABILITY,  OCS,  SPILL  CLEANUP
0628    "   INDUSTRIES,  ECONOMICS,  COST ANALYSIS,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,  OIL  DISCHARGES,
           WASTEWATERS
0631    "   ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, COMPENSATION, LIABILITY,  SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP,
           *SUPERFUND
0655    "   GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS, SAFETY,
           POLLUTION PREVENTION,  REGULATIONS
0660    "   ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, COMPENSATION, LIABILITY,  SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP
0661    "   ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ALASKA  ,  SAFETY,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  TANKERS
0663    "   COMPENSATION,  SAFETY,  US,  TANKERS,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  REGULATIONS
0664    "   GUIDELINES,  SAFETY,  REGULATIONS,  TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  US
0377  LIABILITY, COMPENSATION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  USCG, OIL SPILLS
0450    "   GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP, TANKERS,
           USCG, MASSACHUSETTS,  *GLOBAL HOPE SPILL
0459    "   LEGISLATION,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, COMPENSATION, OIL SPILLS
0460    "   ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS,  COMPENSATION, OIL SPILLS, *LITIGATION
0461    "   LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS,  US,  TRANS-ALASKA
           PIPELINE, TANKERS,  REGULATIONS
0462    "   LEGISLATION,  COST ANALYSIS, SPILL CLEANUP,  US GOVERNMENT
0551    "   LEGISLATION,  COMPENSATION,  OIL SPILLS,  US GOVERNMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP
0552    "   LEGISLATION,  COMPENSATION,  OIL SPILLS,  *SUPERFUND
0553    "   ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS,  COMPENSATION, OIL SPILLS
0554    "   INDUSTRIES,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION, OIL  SPILLS, POLLUTION CONTROL
0556    "   LEGISLATION,  FISHERIES,  COMPENSATION,  ALASKA  , US GOVERNMENT
0558    "   LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  INSURANCE,  US GOVERNMENT,  REGULATIONS
0559    "   LEGISLATION,  ALASKA ,  US GOVERNMENT,  STATE GOVERNMENTS, MARINE  ENVIRONMENT
0627    "   LEGISLATION,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION,  OCS,  SPILL CLEANUP
0631    "   LEGISLATION,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION,  SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP,
           *SUPERFUND
0643    "   GULF  OF ALASKA, FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ECOSYSTEMS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA ,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  TANKERS,  SAFETY, OCS, OIL
           INDUSTRY,  POLLUTION CONTROL
0660    "   LEGISLATION,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION,  SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP
0456  LOUISIANA, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BOOMS, SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,
           STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE,  SKIMMERS,  STORAGE
0635    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL-GAS
           LEASING,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0650    "   GULF  OF MEXICO, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT,  OCS
R026  MANUALS,  PERSONNEL TRAINING, SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP
0478  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, AUSTRALIA,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  POLLUTION CONTROL
0483    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTS,  MARINE
           ORGANISMS, NORWAY
0509    "   FOOD  WEB,  CARCINOGENS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  SOURCES, MARINE
           ORGANISMS, *AHH
0544    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA ,  OIL-GAS LEASING
0545    "   GUIDELINES,  BASELINE STUDIES, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, POLLUTION  CONTROL, SAMPLING,
           MARINE ORGANISMS
0559    "   LIABILITY, LEGISLATION,  ALASKA ,  US GOVERNMENT,  STATE GOVERNMENTS
0565    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SOURCES, MEDITERRANEAN SEA
0616    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  FUEL OIL, FATE, EVAPORATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIODEGRADATION,
           SEDIMENTATION,  SOLUTION, WEATHERING,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNQIUES
R012    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIOINDICATORS,  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
           *CHEMOTAXIS
R019    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  GC/MS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SEDIMENTS
R034    "   HABITATS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANIMALS, MARINE MAMMALS, OIL
           SPILLS, *SEA OTTERS
R037    "   GROWTH, FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,  REPRODUCTION,
           TOXICITY, MONITORING
R048    "   FOOD  WEB, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
R052    "   ESTUARIES, CRUDE  OIL,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  MICROORGANISMS,  SEDIMENTS
R053    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  DECOMPOSITION, BIODEGRADATION, RECOVERY
0426  MARINE MAMMALS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RESPONSE,
           RESTORATION,  MARSHES
0490    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION,  ABSORPTION, METABOLISM,  UPTAKE, RELEASE,
           *PHOCA HISPIDA
0492    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ARCTIC, SUBARCTIC  REGIONS, TOXICITY,  METABOLISM
0507    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTAMINATION,  BIRDS,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ARGO MERCHANT
           SPILL, MASSACHUSETTS
0576    "   FISH, FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL
           EFFECTS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  MOVEMENT,  TOXICITY, PLANKTON,
           *SCIENTIFIC  RESPONSE
R034    "   MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  HABITATS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANIMALS,
           OIL SPILLS,  *SEA  OTTERS
                                                227

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0344

0360


0370

0481

0483

0502
0503

0509

0510
0511

0516
0518

0523
0538

0541

0545

0561


0623

R030

R036


R038

0426

0504

0560

0567

0570

0575

0380

0450

0507

0538

0432

0565
0489

0490

0491

0492
0496
0498
MARINE ORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  BASELINE STUDIES,
    ALGAE, ALASKA  ,  MONITORING
 "  HYDROCARBONS  ,  GEORGES BANK,  GC/MS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,
    BENTHOS, ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL,  PAH, WSF,  SEA SURFACE, SEDIMENTS,  ZOO PLANKTON,
    SOURCES, TANKERS
 "  GC/MS, 'CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL,  SAMPLING, PAH,
    OXIDATION, UPTAKE,  SEDIMENTS,  *MOUSSE
 "  INVERTEBRATES,  HYDROCARBONS ,  CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC  EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,  BENTHOS,
    SEDIMENTS, UPTAKE
 "  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  HYDROCARBONS  , CHRONIC  EFFECTS, AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,
    SEDIMENTS, NORWAY
 11  BLACK SEA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
 "  CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIOASSAY,  API,
    *RESEARCH OVERVIEW
    MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  FOOD WEB,  CARCINOGENS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  AROMATIC
    HYDROCARBONS,  SOURCES, *AHH
 11  HYDROCARBONS  ,  CRUSTACEANS, ALASKA , TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  MORTALITY
 "  INVERTEBRATES,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL OIL, FISH,  CRUDE OIL, BENTHOS,  ALASKA , WSF,
    TOXICITY, *PELAGIC  ZONE
 "  ALASKA , SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS,  *MACOMA BALTHICA
 11  CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS,  NATURAL SEEPAGE, SEDIMENTS,  SANTA BARBARA
    CHANNEL
    INTERTIDAL ZONE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIOASSAY,  MOLLUSKS, POLYCHAETES,  UPTAKE
    FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS,  ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL, ZOOPLANKTON,  TANKERS,
    MASSACHUSETTS
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, OIL
    SPILLS,  RECOVERY,  SPILL CLEANUP
 11  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  GUIDELINES, BASELINE STUDIES, ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,  POLLUTION
    CONTROL, SAMPLING
 "  LEGISLATION,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  ECOSYSTEMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
    OIL  SPILLS, TANKERS,  WILDLIFE,  SHIPS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  MICROORGANISMS,
    TOXICITY
    INTERTIDAL ZONE, FATE, DISTRIBUTION, CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEACHES, TAR,
    NATURAL  SEEPAGE, SEDIMENTS, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
 "  HYDROCARBONS  ,  GROWTH, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL,  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,
    BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  UPTAKE, RELEASE, SEDIMENTS,  PACIFIC COAST
 "  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FOOD WEB, FISH,  DISPERSANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA , SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  UPTAKE, METABOLISM,  TOXICITY,
    *PATHOLOGY
    HYDROCARBONS  ,  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY,  SUBARCTIC  REGIONS, NOAA
MARSHES,  MARINE MAMMALS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL
    RESPONSE, RESTORATION
 "  INVERTEBRATES,  HYDROCARBONS ,  ECOSYSTEMS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOINDICATORS,
    BENTHOS, AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS, OIL DISCHARGES,  MONITORING, *BIOMAGNIFICATION
 "  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BAYS, WILDLIFE, SPILL CLEANUP, SHIPS,  ST. LAWRENCE
    RIVER, *NEPCO 140  SPILL
 "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHILE,  BEACHES,  OIL  SPILLS, METULA SPILL,  STRAIT OF
    MAGELLAN, TANKERS
 "  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS,  PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS, PLANTS, MONITORING,  SPILL
    CLEANUP, TEXAS
 "  ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
    PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
MASSACHUSETTS, HYDROCARBONS ,  FISH, FATE,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ARGO
    MERCHANT SPILL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
 "  LIABILITY, GOVERNMENT "AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY PLAJsTNING, SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL
    CLEANUP, TANKERS,  USCG, *GLOBAL HOPE SPILL
    MARINE MAMMALS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTAMINATION, BIRDS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
    ARGO MERCHANT SPILL
 "  MARINE ORGANISMS,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL,
    ZOOPLANKTON,  TANKERS
MEDITERRANEAN SEA,  LAW  ENFORCEMENT, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, IMCO,  FOREIGN
    GOVERNMENTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, POLLUTION CONTROL, *ROCC,  *UNEP
 "  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SOURCES
METABOLISM,  GROWTH, CRUSTACEANS,  CRUDE OIL,  CONCENTRATIONS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, WSF,
    MORTALITY, REPRODUCTION, *CRANGON CRANGON
    MARINE MAMMALS, HYDROCARBONS ,  CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION, ABSORPTION,  UPTAKE,
    RELEASE, *PHOCA HISPIDA
    FRESHWATER,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  ANIMALS, OIL  SPILLS,
    MICROORGANISMS, PLANTS, SEAWATER
    MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARCTIC, SUBARCTIC REGIONS,  TOXICITY
 ||  INVERTEBRATES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  MOLLUSKS,  "CAROTENOIDS
    GROWTH,  FUEL  OIL,  DEVELOPMENT  , AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, WSF, TOXICITY,  MORTALITY,
    SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  RESPIRATION, *RHITHROPANOPEUS HARISSI, *LIMULUS POLYPHEMUS
                                              228

-------
0517  METABOLISM, GROWTH,  CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, ALGAE,  WSF, *NAPHTHALENES ,
           *CHLAMYDOMONAS ANGULOSA
0578    "   HYDROCARBONS  ,  GROWTH, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  OXIDATION,
           *CYCLOHEXANOL
0582    "   HYDROCARBONS  ,  GROWTH, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,  *BUTADIEME
R031    "   GULF OF MEXICO,  CORALS,  CARCINOGENS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,  OIL SHALE,
           *DRILLING  FLUIDS
R035    "   HYDROCARBONS  ,  CARCINOGENS,  ALGAE, MICROORGANISMS,  *PROTOZOA,  *MICROSOMES,
           *MUTAGENS
R036    "   MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FOOD  WEB,  FISH, DISPERSANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA  , SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  UPTAKE,
           TOXICITY,  *PATHOLOGY
0376  METULA SPILL,  GC/MS, CONCENTRATIONS, CHILE,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL
           SPILLS, SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS, WEATHERING,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, STRAIT  OF MAGELLAN
0520    "   INVERTEBRATES,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION, COASTS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  SPAIN
0521    "   INVERTEBRATES,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, DETECTION,  CHILE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,
           RECOVERY,  MORTALITY, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0535    "   FATE, BEHAVIOR,  RECOVERY,  SPILL CLEANUP,  PHYSICAL  EFFECTS, MOVEMENT,  OIL SPILLS,
           STRAIT OF  MAGELLAN
0536    "   FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTAL WATERS,  OIL SPILLS,  URQUIOLA SPILL,
           •VULNERABILITY INDEX
0557    "   LEGISLATION,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, PERSONNEL  TRAINING,  TEXAS
0567    "   MARSHES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHILE,  BEACHES, OIL SPILLS,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN,
           TANKERS
0568    "   INTERTIDAL ZONE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHILE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,
           RECOVERY,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0652    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHILE, OIL  SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE, MOVEMENT,  SPREADING,
           STRAIT OF  MAGELLAN
0653    "   FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, CHILE,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  TANKERS,  OIL TRANSFER,
           STRAIT OF  MAGELLAN
0345  MICROORGANISMS,  DETECTION, CONTAMINATION,  CONCENTRATIONS,  BIOINDICATORS,  SOURCE
           IDENTIFICATION,  UPTAKE,  TOXICITY,  *PROTOZOA
0346    "   DETECTION,  CONTAMINATION,  BIOINDICATORS,  TOXICITY,  UPTAKE, *PROTOZOA,  *EUPLOTES
           DIADALEOS
0486    "   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, *COMMUNITY STRUCTURE,  *DIATOMS
0491    "   METABOLISM,  FRESHWATER,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  ANIMALS,  OIL SPILLS,
           PLANTS, SEAWATER
0501    "   HYDROCARBONS  , BACTERIA,  ALGAE, PLANKTON
0514    "   FUNGI, FRESHWATER, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BACTERIA,  ZOOPLANKTON
0561    "   MARINE ORGANISMS, LEGISLATION, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
           ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, OIL SPILLS, TANKERS,  WILDLIFE,  SHIPS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,
           TOXICITY
0577    "   DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION,  PREDICTIONS,  HYDROS
0578    "   METABOLISM,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GROWTH, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, OXIDATION,
           *CYCLOHEXANOL
0579    "   HYDROCARBONS  , CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  SPILL CLEANUP,  *PLASMID
           TRANSFER,  *GENETIC ENGINEERING, *PSEUDOMONAS
0580    "   BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  *N-PARAFFINS
0582    "   METABOLISM,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GROWTH, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, *BUTADIENE
0584    "   HYDROCARBONS  , GC/MS,  ESTUARIES, ECOSYSTEMS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS,
           MOVEMENT
0640    "   FISHERIES,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
           ARCTIC, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, NORTH SEA,  OCS,
           OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
R012    "   MARINE ENVIRONMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIOINDICATORS,  BACTERIA,  SUBLETHAL
           EFFECTS, *CHEMOTAXIS
R035    "   METABOLISM,  HYDROCARBONS ,  CARCINOGENS,  ALGAE, *PROTOZOA, *MICROSOMES,  *MUTAGENS
R049    "   ICE, CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  ARCTIC,  ALASKA
R050    "   BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, PAH,  LAKE S,  RIVERS,  *GENETIC
           ENGINEERING,  *PSUEDOMONAS
R051    "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
R052    "   MARINE ENVIRONMENT, ESTUARIES, CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  SEDIMENTS
0546  MISSISSIPPI, GULF OF MEXICO,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  ONSHORE
           IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, OCS
0431  MISSISSIPPI RIVER, ICE, EQUIPMENT, SPILL RESPONSE, POLLUTION CONTROL,  SHIPS,  USCG,
           RIVERS, OIL REMOVAL
0611    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, MODELS, RIVERS,  OIL SPILLS,  PREDICTIONS,  *RIVERSPILL MODEL
0350  MODELS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  REMOTE SENSING,  SURVEILLANCE,  MONITORING,  POLLUTION
           CONTROL, *NASA,  *SATELLITES
0352    "   ESTUARIES,  DRIFT, DELAWARE BAY, REMOTE SENSING, SPREADING, MOVEMENT,  OIL SLICKS,
           SURVEILLANCE, *ESTUARINE FRONTS
0374    "   HYDROCARBONS  , CONCENTRATIONS, COASTAL WATERS, BERMUDA,  SEDIMENTS,  TROPICAL
           REGIONS, SAMPLING
0389    "   EQUIPMENT,  BOOMS, BEHAVIOR,  SPILL  CONTAINMENT, OIL SLICKS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0446    "   ICE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ARCTIC, SPILL RESPONSE,  MOVEMENT, SPREADING
                                                 229

-------
0469  MODELS,  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BOOMS,  SPILL RESPONSE, RISK ANALYSIS,
          SKIMMERS,  *COMPUTER SIMULATIONS
0527   "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSION, OIL  SLICKS, SEA  SURFACE, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,
          *WIND  WAVES
0529   "  COST ANALYSIS, BASELINE STUDIES, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  PREDICTIONS
0543   "  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, BLM,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA  ,
          DCS, NOAA
0581   "  HYDROCARBONS , GROUNDWATER,  EMULSIONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIODEGRADATION,  SOIL,
          RESPIRATION
0585   "  ICE, FUEL OIL, BUZZARDS BAY,  BOUCHARD 65  SPILL, MOVEMENT,  OIL SPILLS
0594   "  DRIFT,  MOVEMENT, SPREADING,  PREDICTIONS,  SEA SURFACE,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  PHYSICAL
          EFFECTS
0595   "  FATE,  BLOWOUTS, BEHAVIOR,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
0596   "  COASTAL WATERS, CALIFORNIA,  OIL SPILLS,  SHIPS, TANKERS,  OIL TRANSPORT,
          PREDICTIONS, PACIFIC  COAST
0597   "  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  BEHAVIOR,  OIL SPILLS, SPILL RESPONSE,
          SPILL  CLEANUP, RISK ANALYSIS,  SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION
0598   "  GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES,  SPILL RESPONSE,  MOVEMENT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  PREDICTIONS
0600   "  DRIFT,  ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL,  OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT, SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  PREDICTIONS,
          SPREADING
0601   "  ESTUARIES, BEHAVIOR,  SPREADING, MOVEMENT,  PREDICTIONS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, *TIDAL
          SIMULATIONS
0602   "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA , PREDICTIONS, TANKERS,  PORTS
0603   "  DRIFT,  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, MONITORING, PREDICTIONS
0604   "  HYDROCARBONS , SEDIMENTS,  MOVEMENT,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS
0605   "  OIL  SPILLS, TANKERS,  PREDICTIONS, RISK  ANALYSIS
0607   "  GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES,  FISH, FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS,
          BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS
0608   "  GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES,  FISH, FATE,  DRIFT,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,  ATLANTIC
          OCEAN,  OIL SPILLS, PREDICTIONS, SPREADING,  MOVEMENT,  *COD
0609   "  GROUNDWATER, ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS,  OCS, OFFSHORE
          DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,  WATER QUALITY
0611   "  MISSISSIPPI RIVER, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  RIVERS, OIL SPILLS, PREDICTIONS,
          *RIVERSPILL MODEL
0612   "  BEAUFORT SEA, ARCTIC,  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, SEA SURFACE,
          PREDICTIONS
0624   "  FISHERIES, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BEHAVIOR, OIL  SPILLS,
          MOLLUSKS,  *RESEARCH PROGRAM
R040   "  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC COAST,  RISK ANALYSIS,  OIL SPILLS, OCS,  OFFSHORE
          DEVELOPMENT
R056   "  OCEANS, PREDICTIONS,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  SEDIMENTS,  *NEW ZEALAND, *COOK STRAIT
R057   "  FATE,  BEHAVIOR, OIL SLICKS,  PREDICTIONS,  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
ROSS   "  GROUNDWATER, CONTAMINATION,  PREDICTIONS,  OIL SHALE
R059   "  ICE, BEAUFORT SEA, MOVEMENT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, REMOTE SENSING, OFFSHORE
          DEVELOPMENT, RISK ANALYSIS,  *RADAR
0494  MOLLUSKS,  FUEL OIL, BEHAVIOR,  TOXICITY,  WSF,  SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, *FEEDING,
          *CHEMORECEPTION, 'ILYANASSA OBSOLETA
0496   "  METABOLISM, INVERTEBRATES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, *CAROTENOIDS
0508   "  DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,  MORTALITY, SUBLETHAL
          EFFECTS, *ARGOPECTEN  IRRADIANS
0516   "  MARINE ORGANISMS, ALASKA , SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, *MACOMA  BALTHICA
0519   "  INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE  OIL,  COASTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, MORTALITY,  URQUIOLA
          SPILL,  SPAIN
0523   "  MARINE ORGANISMS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIOASSAY, POLYCHAETES,
          UPTAKE
0525   "  HYDROCARBONS  , FISH,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT, CONTAMINATION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,
          SAMPLING,  NORTH SEA
0624   "  MODELS, FISHERIES, FATE,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, BEHAVIOR,  OIL SPILLS,
          * RESEARCH PROGRAM
0343  MONITORING, INVERTEBRATES,  BENTHOS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL FIELDS, NORTH SEA
0344   "  MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  DEVELOPMENT ,  BASELINE
          STUDIES, ALGAE, ALASKA
0348   "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BALTIC SEA
0350   "  MODELS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  REMOTE  SENSING, SURVEILLANCE,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
          *NASA,  *SATELLITES
0351   "  COASTAL WATERS, ARCTIC, REMOTE SENSING,  TANKERS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
          SURVEILLANCE, OIL SLICKS,  SOURCES, *SURSAT SATELLITE SYSTEM
0355   "  HYDROCARBONS  , ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  REMOTE SENSING,  MOVEMENT, SURVEILLANCE,
          SPILL  TRAJECTORIES,  SEA SURFACE
0357   "  LAW  ENFORCEMENT, EQUIPMENT,  REMOTE SENSING,  SURVEILLANCE,  USCG, POLLUTION CONTROL,
          TANKERS, SHIPS, *AIREYE SYSTEM
0364   "  EQUIPMENT, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SAMPLING,
          SURVEILLANCE, SPECTROMETRY
0381   "  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL SPILLS
                                                230

-------
0412  MONITORING,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL REMOVAL, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
           POLLUTION  CONTROL,  PATENT
0470    "   DETECTION,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES, OIL  DISCHARGES,
           *RADIOTRACER TECHNIQUES
0504    "   MARSHES,  INVERTEBRATES,  HYDROCARBONS ,  ECOSYSTEMS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
           BIOINDICATORS,  BENTHOS,  AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,  OIL DISCHARGES,  *BIOMAGNIFICATION
0540    "   INTERTIDAL ZONE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
           BIODEGRADATION, ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  SEDIMENTS, RESTORATION, TROPICAL REGIONS,
           RECOVERY,  PUERTO RICO
0570    "   MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS,  PLANTS, SPILL
           CLEANUP, TEXAS
0603    "   MODELS,  DRIFT,  OIL  SPILLS,  MOVEMENT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, PREDICTIONS
0614    "   FATE, DISPERSION, DISPERSANTS, BOOMS,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPREADING,
           MOVEMENT
0615    "   FATE, COASTAL WATERS,  SOURCES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OCS,  'POLLUTANT TRANSFER
0629    "   ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DEVELOPMENT ,  REGULATIONS,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
0668    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  GRAVITY SEPARATION,  FLOCCULATION,  BALLAST ,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
           ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  ALASKA , OIL REMOVAL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT
R011    "   CONTAMINATION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIOINDICATORS
R013    "   EQUIPMENT,  DETECTION,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES, SURVEILLANCE
R015    "   DETECTION,  REMOTE SENSING,  OIL SPILLS,  *RADAR
R017    "   DETECTION,  CRUDE OIL,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES, OIL  SPILLS, REMOTE SENSING,
           SURVEILLANCE,  WEATHERING, *AGING
R037    "   MARINE  ENVIRONMENT, GROWTH, FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
           BEHAVIOR,  REPRODUCTION,  TOXICITY
R062    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  REFINERIES,  WASTEWATERS,  WATER  QUALITY, POLLUTION CONTROL, *THERMAL
           OIL RECOVERY
0485  MORTALITY,  INVERTEBRATES,  CRUDE OIL,  BENTHOS, ARCTIC,  AMPHIPODS,  ACUTE EFFECTS,
           TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, SEDIMENTS
0489    "   METABOLISM,  GROWTH, CRUSTACEANS,  CRUDE OIL, CONCENTRATIONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
           WSF,  REPRODUCTION,  *CRANGON CRANGON
0498    "   METABOLISM,  GROWTH, FUEL OIL, DEVELOPMENT , AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, WSF, TOXICITY,
           SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS,  RESPIRATION, *RHITHROPANOPEUS  HARISSI, *LIMULUS POLYPHEMUS
0508    "   MOLLUSKS,  DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
           *ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS
0510    "   MARINE  ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS ,  CRUSTACEANS,  ALASKA , TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS
0519    "   MOLLUSKS,  INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL,  COASTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, URQUIOLA
           SPILL,  SPAIN
0521    "   METULA  SPILL,  INVERTEBRATES, INTERTIDAL ZONE,  DETECTION, CHILE,  BIOLOGICAL
           EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  RECOVERY, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0352  MOVEMENT, MODELS,  ESTUARIES, DRIFT, DELAWARE BAY,  REMOTE SENSING,  SPREADING, OIL
           SLICKS,  SURVEILLANCE,  *ESTUARINE  FRONTS
0355    "   MONITORING,  HYDROCARBONS ,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  REMOTE SENSING,  SURVEILLANCE,
           SPILL TRAJECTORIES, SEA SURFACE
0446    "   MODELS,  ICE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ARCTIC,  SPILL  RESPONSE,  SPREADING
0452    "   EKOFISK BLOWOUT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE, SOURCES,  PREDICTIONS,
           OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  NORTH SEA
0526    "   DISPERSION,  CONTAMINATION,  ANIMALS,  OIL SPILLS, *SEA TURTLES
0535    "   METULA  SPILL,  FATE, BEHAVIOR, RECOVERY,  SPILL  CLEANUP, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL
           SPILLS,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0576    "   MARINE  MAMMALS,  FISH,  FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BIRDS,
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  TOXICITY, PLANKTON,
           *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
0584    "   MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS  , GC/MS,  ESTUARIES,  ECOSYSTEMS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
           OIL SPILLS
0585    "   MODELS,  ICE, FUEL OIL,  BUZZARDS BAY,  BOUCHARD  65  SPILL, OIL SPILLS
0594    "   MODELS,  DRIFT,  SPREADING, PREDICTIONS,  SEA SURFACE,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, PHYSICAL
           EFFECTS
0598    "   MODELS,  GEORGES  BANK,  FISHERIES,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, PREDICTIONS
0599    "   DRIFT,  SPREADING, SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  SEA SURFACE
0600    "   MODELS,  DRIFT,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  OIL SPILLS, SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  PREDICTIONS,
           SPREADING
0601    "   MODELS,  ESTUARIES,  BEHAVIOR, SPREADING,  PREDICTIONS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, *TIDAL
           SIMULATIONS
0603    "   MONITORING,  MODELS, DRIFT,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  PREDICTIONS
0604    "   MODELS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  SEDIMENTS,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS
0606    "   BEHAVIOR,  OIL SLICKS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0608    "   MODELS,  GEORGES  BANK,  FISHERIES,  FISH,  FATE, DRIFT,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,
           ATLANTIC OCEAN,  OIL SPILLS, PREDICTIONS,  SPREADING,  *COD
0610    "   GULF  OF ALASKA,  FATE,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES, PREDICTIONS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,
           SAMPLING
0612    "   MODELS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  ARCTIC, OIL SPILLS, SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  SEA SURFACE,
           PREDICTIONS
0614    "   MONITORING,  FATE, DISPERSION, DISPERSANTS,  BOOMS,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,
           SPREADING
                                               231

-------
0652  MOVEMENT,  METULA SPILL,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHILE,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL RESPONSE,
           SPREADING,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
R054    "   FATE,  CONTAMINANTS,  .ALASKA ,  ADSORPTION,  SOURCES,  SEDIMENTS,  PRODUCTION  ,  *COOK
           INLET
R055    "   ICE,  FATE,  ARCTIC,  OIL SPILLS, PREDICTIONS, *POOLING
R059    "   MODELS,  ICE, BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  REMOTE SENSING,  OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT, RISK ANALYSIS,  *RADAR
0347  NATURAL  SEEPAGE, HYDROCARBONS ,  FISH, DISTRIBUTION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
           CALIFORNIA,  BIOINDICATORS, BENTHOS,  SEDIMENTS,  DCS,  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
0353    "   EQUIPMENT,  DETECTION,  CALIFORNIA, REMOTE SENSING,  OIL SLICKS,  PLATFORMS,
           SURVEILLANCE, USCG,  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL,  *RADAR  SYSTEMS
0378    "   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  WEATHERING,
           SAMPLING,  SPECTROSCOPY
0513    "   MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, SEDIMENTS,  SANTA BARBARA
           CHANNEL
0623    "   MARINE ORGANISMS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,  FATE,  DISTRIBUTION,  CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL
           EFFECTS,  BEACHES, TAR,  SEDIMENTS, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
0368  NEW  YORK,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  HARBORS, DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATIONS,  SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS,
           OCS
R069    "   INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS,  PUGET SOUND,
           WASHINGTON,  *MESA
0543  NOAA,  MODELS,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, BLM,  BASELINE STUDIES,
           ALASKA ,  OCS
R038    "   MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS,
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  TOXICITY,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS
0548  NORTH  CAROLINA,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEEPWATER PORTS,  COST ANALYSIS,  SOCIOECONOMIC
           EFFECTS,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,  OIL TRANSPORT,  STORAGE
0343  NORTH  SEA,  MONITORING,  INVERTEBRATES, BENTHOS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OIL FIELDS
0367    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  DISTRIBUTION,  DETECTION, CONCENTRATIONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL
           ANALYSIS,  SAMPLING
0452    "   MOVEMENT,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SOURCES,
           PREDICTIONS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
0525    "   MOLLUSKS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FISH, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  CONTAMINATION,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,
           BENTHOS,  SAMPLING
0531    "   GULF OF ALASKA,  FISHERIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL FIELDS,  SOCIOECONOMIC
           EFFECTS,  OCS
0583    "   FATE,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  DRIFT, SPREADING,  WEATHERING,  STATISTICAL ANLYSIS,  SEA
           SURFACE
0617    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  GC/MS, FATE,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT, DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
           SPREADING
0618    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  GC/MS, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BENTHOS,
           SEDIMENTS
0620    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  FATE,  PLANKTON, UK,  * CHLOROPHYLL,  * CARBON
0625    "   ECONOMICS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
           OIL-GAS LEASING, ONSHORE IMPACTS
0638    "   HYDROCARBONS ,  OIL  DISCHARGES, PLATFORMS, POLLUTION  CONTROL
0640    "   MICROORGANISMS,  FISHERIES, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
           BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC, PHYSICAL  EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,
           OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
0483  NORWAY,  MARINE ORGANISMS, MARINE ENVIRONMENT, HYDROCARBONS  , CHRONIC EFFECTS,  AROMATIC
           HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTS
0455  OCEANS,  EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,
           SPREADING,   SHORELINES
0457    "   LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION
R056    "   MODELS, PREDICTIONS, SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  SEDIMENTS,  *NEW ZEALAND,  *COOK STRAIT
0347  OCS, NATURAL SEEPAGE, HYDROCARBONS , FISH,  DISTRIBUTION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL
           ANALYSIS,  CALIFORNIA, BIOINDICATORS,  BENTHOS, SEDIMENTS, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
0368    "   NEW  YORK,  HYDROCARBONS ,  HARBORS, DISTRIBUTION,  CONCENTRATIONS,  SAMPLING,  SEDIMENTS
0385    "   EQUIPMENT,   DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BLOWOUTS,  ARCTIC,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL  REMOVAL,
           'UNDERWATER  CONTAINMENT
0442    "   EQUIPMENT,   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ATLANTIC OCEAN,  SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL
           CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE,   PERSONNEL  TRAINING
0464    "   LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  ALASKA  ,  REGULATIONS
0512    "   INVERTEBRATES,  HYDROCARBONS  , CONTAMINATION, CALIFORNIA, BENTHOS,  BASELINE
           STUDIES,  SAMPLING
0531    "   NORTH SEA,   GULF  OF  ALASKA, FISHERIES, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OIL FIELDS,
           SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0543    "   NOAA,  MODELS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  BLM,  BASELINE
           STUDIES,  ALASKA
0546    "   MISSISSIPPI, GULF OF MEXICO, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS, DEVELOPMENT , ONSHORE
           IMPACTS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0549    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  SOCIOECONOMIC
           EFFECTS,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL-GAS  LEASING  TEXAS

0609    "
                                                 232

-------
0615  OCS,  MONITORING,  FATE, COASTAL WATERS,  SOURCES, SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,  *POLLUTANT
           TRANSFER
0625    "   NORTH SEA,  ECONOMICS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
           OIL-GAS LEASING,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS
0627    "   LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  COMPENSATION,  SPILL CLEANUP
0629    "   MONITORING,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  REGULATIONS,  OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT
0632    "   ATLANTIC COAST,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
0634    "   COASTAL ZONE  MANAGEMENT,  BLM,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL SPILLS
0635    "   LOUISIANA,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
           OIL-GAS LEASING,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0636    "   COASTAL ZONE  MANAGEMENT,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
0637    "   GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES, GEORGIA,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT ,  ONSHORE
           IMPACTS, PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
0640    "   NORTH SEA,  MICROORGANISMS,  FISHERIES,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL
           EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  SOCIOECONOMIC
           EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
0642    "   FISHERIES,  COMPENSATION,  COASTAL ZONE  MANAGEMENT, COASTAL WATERS,  OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT,  OIL-GAS LEASING,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0643    "   LIABILITY,  GULF OF ALASKA,  FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  ECOSYSTEMS,
           ECONOMIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA  , SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, TANKERS,
           SAFETY, OIL INDUSTRY, POLLUTION CONTROL
0644    "   FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
           REGULATIONS,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  OIL INDUSTRY, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0646    "   FISHERIES,  FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, US,  *RESEARCH
           PROJECTS
0648    "   GULF OF MEXICO,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE EXPLORATION, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,
           REFINING, OIL TRANSPORT,  PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  *CONFERENCE
0649    "   GEORGES BANK,  FISHERIES,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL  INDUSTRY, OIL-GAS LEASING
0650    "   LOUISIANA,  GULF OF MEXICO,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SOCIOECONOMIC  EFFECTS, OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT
0656    "   ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COST ANALYSIS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  PIPELINES,  OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT,  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TRANSFER
0680    "   CALIFORNIA,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, PACIFIC COAST, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  *ENVIRONMENTAL
           INFORMATION,  'LITERATURE  REVIEW
R032    "   FISH, CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC  EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,  TEXAS,
           *HISTOPATHOLOGY,  *SCIAENIDEA
R039    "   ICE, FATE,  COASTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC, SEDIMENTS, OIL SPILLS,
           PREDICTIONS
R040    "   MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST, RISK ANALYSIS, OIL  SPILLS, OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT
0343  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, MONITORING, INVERTEBRATES,  BENTHOS,  OIL FIELDS
0351    "   MONITORING,  COASTAL WATERS, ARCTIC,  REMOTE SENSING,  TANKERS, SURVEILLANCE, OIL
           SLICKS, SOURCES,  *SURSAT  SATELLITE  SYSTEM
0452    "   NORTH SEA,  MOVEMENT, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL  RESPONSE,
           SOURCES,  PREDICTIONS
0531    "   OCS, NORTH  SEA,  GULF OF ALASKA, FISHERIES, OIL FIELDS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0549    "   OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  ONSHORE
           IMPACTS,  OIL-GAS LEASING, TEXAS
0595    "   MODELS, FATE,  BLOWOUTS,  BEHAVIOR
0609    "   OCS, MODELS,  GROUNDWATER, ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, ECONOMICS,  OIL SPILLS,
           WATER QUALITY
0625    "   OCS, NORTH  SEA,  ECONOMICS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  OIL-GAS LEASING,
           ONSHORE IMPACTS
0629    "   OCS, MONITORING,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DEVELOPMENT ,  REGULATIONS
0632    "   OCS, ATLANTIC COAST, ONSHORE IMPACTS
0634    "   OCS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  BLM,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  OIL SPILLS
0635    "   OCS, LOUISIANA,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  OIL-GAS LEASING,
           ONSHORE IMPACTS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0636    "   OCS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
0640    "   OCS, NORTH  SEA,  MICROORGANISMS, FISHERIES, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL
           EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  SOCIOECONOMIC
           EFFECTS
0642    "   OCS, FISHERIES,  COMPENSATION,  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, COASTAL WATERS,  OIL-GAS
           LEASING,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0644    "   OCS, FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC OCEAN, REGULATIONS,  ONSHORE
           IMPACTS,  OIL INDUSTRY,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0645    "   ONSHORE IMPACTS,  REFINERIES, OIL TRANSFER, PETROCHEMICALS, *ONSHORE FACILITIES
0646    "   OCS, FISHERIES,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  US, 'RESEARCH PROJECTS
0647    "   GEORGES BANK,  FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL INDUSTRY, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
0649    "   OCS, GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES,  OIL INDUSTRY, OIL-GAS LEASING
0650    "   OCS, LOUISIANA,  GULF OF MEXICO, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0656    "   OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, PIPELINES, OIL
           TRANSPORT,  OIL TRANSFER
                                                 233

-------
0675

0680

R040
R042

R059

0639

0648

0440

0639

0648

R041

R042

R061

0354

0468
0470

0504

0628
0638
R021

R063
0343
0531

0542

R045
0544

0549

0625

0635

0642

0649
0448

0547

0630

0643


0644

0647

0649
0666

R043
0431

0668
OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, EXPLORATION ,  PRODUCTION ,  OIL TRANSPORT, STORAGE,  PIPELINES,
    REFINERIES,  OIL SHALE,  OIL SPILLS, *ACCIDENTS
 "  DCS,  CALIFORNIA,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, PACIFIC COAST, *ENVIRONMEHTAL INFORMATION,
    *LITERATURE  REVIEW
 "  OCS,  MODELS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST,  RISK ANALYSIS,  OIL SPILLS
 "  HYDROCARBONS ,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISTRIBUTION,  CONCENTRATIONS,  BENTHOS,
    BEAUFORT  SEA,  BASELINE  STUDIES,  ALASKA ,  OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION
 11  MOVEMENT,  MODELS, ICE,  BEAUFORT SEA,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  REMOTE  SENSING, RISK
    ANALYSIS,  *RADAR
OFFSHORE  EXPLORATION, GULF  OF  MEXICO,  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DRILLING ,
    COASTAL WATERS, OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION
    OCS,  GULF  OF MEXICO,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  REFINING, OIL
    TRANSPORT,  PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS, *CONFERENCE
OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION,  HARBORS,  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL
    CLEANUP
 11  OFFSHORE  EXPLORATION, GULF OF MEXICO,  ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DRILLING  ,
    COASTAL WATERS
    OFFSHORE  EXPLORATION, OCS,  GULF OF MEXICO, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  REFINING, OIL
    TRANSPORT,  PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS, *CONFERENCE
 11  HYDROCARBONS ,  FOOD WEB,  BIOGENIC  HYDROCARBONS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ANTARCTICA,
    *KRILL
    OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, HYDROCARBONS ,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISTRIBUTION,
    CONCENTRATIONS, BENTHOS,  BEAUFORT  SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA
 "  HYDROCARBONS ,  ECOSYSTEMS,  DRILLING  ,  BIOASSAY, PETROCHEMICALS,  TOXICITY,
    'DRILLING  MUDS
OIL DISCHARGES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  DETERIORATION,  DETECTION,  REMOTE SENSING,  SOURCES, WATER
    QUALITY,  *HONG  KONG
    GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  UK
    MONITORING,  DETECTION,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES,  *RADIOTRACER
    TECHNIQUES
    MONITORING,  MARSHES,  INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS , ECOSYSTEMS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
    BIOINDICATORS,  BENTHOS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  *BIOMAGNIFICATION
 "  LEGISLATION,  INDUSTRIES,  ECONOMICS, COST ANALYSIS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  WASTEWATERS
    NORTH SEA,  HYDROCARBONS ,  PLATFORMS,  POLLUTION CONTROL
 "  ESTUARIES,  DELAWARE,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  SEDIMENTS,  *PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, *URBAN
    RUNOFF
    OIL TRANSFER,  TANKERS,  SHIPS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  SAN FRANCISCO BAY
OIL FIELDS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA,  MONITORING,  INVERTEBRATES,  BENTHOS
    OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  NORTH SEA,  GULF OF ALASKA,  FISHERIES,  SOCIOECONOMIC
    EFFECTS
 "  EXPLORATION ,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS,  DRILLING ,  CANADA, BASELINE STUDIES,
    ARCTIC,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS
    GULF  OF  MEXICO, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS, CONTAMINANTS
OIL-GAS LEASING,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT ,  BASELINE
    STUDIES,  ALASKA
    OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  SOCIOECONOMIC
    EFFECTS,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  TEXAS
    OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  NORTH SEA,  ECONOMICS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  SOCIOECONOMIC
    EFFECTS,  ONSHORE IMPACTS
 "  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  LOUISIANA,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, COASTAL ZONE
    MANAGEMENT,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
 "  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  FISHERIES,  COMPENSATION,  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,
    COASTAL WATERS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
 "  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  GEORGES BANK,  FISHERIES,  OIL INDUSTRY
OIL INDUSTRY,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  AUSTRALIA, SPILL
    CLEANUP,  POLLUTION CONTROL
 "  KUWAIT,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, DEVELOPMENT ,  BASELINE
    STUDIES,  RISK ANALYSIS,  PERSIAN GULF,  *UNEP
 "  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  EPA, CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  PRODUCTION ,
    REGULATIONS,  *STRIPPER  WELLS
 "  OCS,  LIABILITY, GULF  OF ALASKA,  FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  ECOSYSTEMS,
    ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA ,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  TANKERS,
    SAFETY,  POLLUTION CONTROL
 "  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
    REGULATIONS,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
 "  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  RESOURCE
    MANAGEMENT
    OIL-GAS  LEASING,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  GEORGES  BANK, FISHERIES
 "  EQUIPMENT,  DRILLING  , DETECTION, POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL TRANSFER,
    STORAGE,  PIPELINES, TANKERS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL  REMOVAL, SPILL DISPOSAL
    ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS
OIL REMOVAL,  MISSISSIPPI  RIVER, ICE, EQUIPMENT,  SPILL  RESPONSE, POLLUTION CONTROL
    SHIPS,  USCG, RIVERS
 "  MONITORING,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  GRAVITY SEPARATION,  FLOCCULATION, BALLAST ,  AROMATIC
    HYDROCARBONS,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,  ALASKA , WASTEWATER TREATMENT
                                                234

-------
0675  OIL

0679
R031

ROSS
R064

0351  OIL

0352

0353

0386

0389
0403

0405
0414
0421
0422

0479

0527
0589
0606
R057
0356
0362
0366
0376

0377
0381
0401
0439

0443
0458

0459
0460
0463
0472
0491

0513
0515
0521

0526
0529
0530
0534
0535

0536

0537
0541

0551
0552
0553
0554
0555
0561
OIL
SHALE,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, EXPLORATION ,  PRODUCTION ,  OIL TRANSPORT, STORAGE,
PIPELINES,  REFINERIES,  OIL SPILLS,  *ACCIDENTS
DEVELOPMENT ,  POLLUTION CONTROL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  *RESARCH  PROJECTS
METABOLISM,  GULF OF  MEXICO, CORALS,  CARCINOGENS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,
•DRILLING FLUIDS
MODELS,  GROUNDWATER,  CONTAMINATION,  PREDICTIONS
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT,  AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS, REFINING,  WASTEWATERS,  POLLUTION
CONTROL
SLICKS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, COASTAL WATERS, ARCTIC,  REMOTE SENSING,
TANKERS,  SURVEILLANCE,  SOURCES,  *SURSAT SATELLITE SYSTEM
MOVEMENT,  MODELS, ESTUARIES, DRIFT,  DELAWARE BAY,  REMOTE SENSING,  SPREADING,
SURVEILLANCE,  *ESTUARINE FRONTS
NATURAL SEEPAGE, EQUIPMENT, DETECTION,  CALIFORNIA,  REMOTE SENSING,  PLATFORMS,
SURVEILLANCE,  USCG,  SANTA BARBARA  CHANNEL,  *RADAR SYSTEMS
EQUIPMENT,  EPA, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS,  SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  'PERFORMANCE
TESTING,  *OHMSETT FACILITY
MODELS,  EQUIPMENT, BOOMS,  BEHAVIOR,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  PHYSICAL  EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  BEACHES, BEACH CLEANUP, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
TOXICITY,  SPILL CLEANUP, UK, *LICENSING
DISPERSANTS,  COST ANALYSIS, SPILL  CLEANUP,  SPILL  REMOVAL, 'AIRCRAFT
FATE,  DISPERSANTS, WEATHERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  TOXICITY
SPILL  CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE
DISPERSANTS,  CALIFORNIA, API, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  *PETROLEUM  CONTINGENCY
ORGANIZATION,  *FIELD TESTS
EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSION,  BIODEGRADATION,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL  CLEANUP, POLLUTION
PREVENTION,  SHIPS, TANKERS, SOURCES,  STATISTICS,  SPREADING
MODELS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSION,  SEA SURFACE,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, *WIND
WAVES
DISPERSION,  BEHAVIOR,  'RAINFALL, 'ENTRAINMENT
MOVEMENT,  BEHAVIOR,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
MODELS,  FATE,  BEHAVIOR, PREDICTIONS,  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
SPILLS,  EQUIPMENT, BEAUFORT SEA, REMOTE SENSING,  SURVEILLANCE
HYDROCARBONS ,  DISPERSANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SPECTROSCOPY
HYDROCARBONS ,  EVAPORATION, DISPERSANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING,  'OIL SPILL
VAPORS
METULA SPILL,  GC/MS,  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHILE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
SAMPLING,  SEDIMENTS,  WEATHERING, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
LIABILITY,  COMPENSATION, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  USCG
MONITORING,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS
INCINERATION,  ICE, GREAT LAKES,  FUEL OIL, SPILL CLEANUP,  'IMPERIAL ST. CLAIR SPILL
FRANCE,  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, SPILL  RESPONSE, SPILL
CLEANUP
CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE, PERSONNEL TRAINING, TANKERS,  SPILL CLEANUP
LEGISLATION,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  COST ANALYSIS,  COMPENSATION, ALASKA ,  REGULATIONS,
US
LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS,  COMPENSATION
LIABILITY,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, COST  ANALYSIS, COMPENSATION, 'LITIGATION
LEGISLATION,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  COMPENSATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, UK
ECONOMICS,  COST ANALYSIS,  TANKERS,  SEGREGATED  BALLAST,  POLLUTION PREVENTION
MICROORGANISMS, METABOLISM, FRESHWATER, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
ANIMALS,  PLANTS, SEAWATER
HYDROCARBONS ,  ESTUARIES,  DISTRIBUTION, BIOMASS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ZOOPLANKTON
ICE, FRESHWATER, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BACTERIA,  PLANKTON
MORTALITY,  METULA SPILL, INVERTEBRATES, INTERTIDAL ZONE,  DETECTION,  CHILE,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  RECOVERY, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
MOVEMENT,  DISPERSION,  CONTAMINATION,  ANIMALS,  'SEA TURTLES
MODELS,  COST ANALYSIS,  BASELINE  STUDIES, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  PREDICTIONS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, COST  ANALYSIS,  SOCIAL EFFECTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP, RECOVERY
MOVEMENT,  METULA SPILL, FATE, BEHAVIOR, RECOVERY,  SPILL CLEANUP, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,
STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
METULA SPILL,  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  COASTAL WATERS, URQUIOLA SPILL,
'VULNERABILITY  INDEX
LEAKAGE,  JAPAN, FUEL OIL,  FISHERIES,  RECOVERY, RESTORATION, WATER  QUALITY
MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, AMOCO
CADIZ  SPILL,  RECOVERY,  SPILL CLEANUP
LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US GOVERNMENT, SPILL CLEANUP
LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, 'SUPERFUND
LIABILITY,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, COST  ANALYSIS, COMPENSATION
LIABILITY,  INDUSTRIES,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, COMPENSATION,  POLLUTION CONTROL
LEGISLATION,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  COMPENSATION, 'DAMAGE ASSESSMENT
MICROORGANISMS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  LEGISLATION, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  ECOSYSTEMS,
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL, TANKERS,  WILDLIFE, SHIPS,  SOCIOECONOMIC
EFFECTS,  TOXICITY
                                                 235

-------
0567

0568

0569

0570

0576


0584

0585
0596

0597

0600

0603
0605
0607

0608

0609

0611

0612

0614

0621
0624

0626

0634
0637

0640


0652

0653

0655

0675

R015
R017

R025
R033

R034

R039

R040

R046

ROSS
0659

0657

0382

0550
      OIL
    SPILLS, METULA  SPILL,  MARSHES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHILE,  BEACHES, STRAIT OF
    MAGELLAN, TANKERS
    METULA SPILL, INTERTIDAL ZONE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHILE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    RECOVERY, ONSHORE  IMPACTS, SPILL  CLEANUP, STRAIT  OF MAGELLAN
    ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS,
    CONTAMINANTS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT
    MONITORING, MARSHES,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  PIPELINES,  PLANTS, SPILL
    CLEANUP, TEXAS
    MOVEMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, FISH, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,
    BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL  RESPONSE, TOXICITY,  PLANKTON,
    *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
    MOVEMENT, MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , GC/MS,  ESTUARIES,  ECOSYSTEMS, CHEMICAL
    ANALYSIS
    MOVEMENT, MODELS,  ICE,  FUEL OIL,  BUZZARDS BAY,  BOUCHARD 65  SPILL
    MODELS, COASTAL WATERS, CALIFORNIA,  SHIPS, TANKERS, OIL TRANSPORT,  PREDICTIONS,
    PACIFIC COAST
    MODELS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  BEHAVIOR, SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL
    CLEANUP, RISK ANALYSIS, SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION
    MOVEMENT, MODELS,  DRIFT, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, PREDICTIONS,
    SPREADING
    MOVEMENT, MONITORING,  MODELS, DRIFT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, PREDICTIONS
    MODELS, TANKERS,  PREDICTIONS, RISK ANALYSIS
    MODELS, GEORGES BANK,  FISHERIES,  FISH, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,
    BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
                       GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES, FISH,  FATE, DRIFT,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,
                               PREDICTIONS, SPREADING,  *COD
                                MODELS,  GROUNDWATER,  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,
                                 CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  RIVERS,  PREDICTIONS, *RIVERSPILL
                                  DISPERSION, DISPERSANTS, BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,

                                 EVAPORATION, TANKERS,  *POTOMAC  SPILL
                                         BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,  BEHAVIOR,
                                                        COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  RESOURCE
OIL

OIL

OIL
MOVEMENT, MODELS,
BEHAVIOR, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,
ECONOMICS, WATER QUALITY
MODELS, MISSISSIPPI RIVER,
MODEL
MOVEMENT, MODELS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  ARCTIC, SPILL  TRAJECTORIES,  SEA SURFACE,
PREDICTIONS
MOVEMENT, MONITORING,  FATE,
SPREADING
GREENLAND, FUEL OIL, FATE,
MOLLUSKS, MODELS,  FISHERIES,  FATE,
*RESEARCH PROGRAM
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS,  COST ANALYSIS,
MANAGEMENT
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  BLM, BIBLIOGRAPHIES
OCS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GEORGIA,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  ONSHORE
IMPACTS, PIPELINES, RESOURCE  MANAGEMENT
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, NORTH SEA, MICROORGANISMS, FISHERIES,  FISH,
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC, PHYSICAL
EFFECTS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
MOVEMENT, METULA SPILL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHILE, SPILL  RESPONSE,  SPREADING,
STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
METULA SPILL,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  CHILE,  SPILL RESPONSE,  TANKERS, OIL TRANSFER,
STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
LEGISLATION,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  PIPELINES, SAFETY,
POLLUTION PREVENTION,  REGULATIONS
OIL SHALE, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, EXPLORATION  ,  PRODUCTION  ,  OIL TRANSPORT,
STORAGE, PIPELINES, REFINERIES,  *ACCIDENTS
MONITORING,  DETECTION, REMOTE SENSING, *RADAR
MONITORING,  DETECTION, CRUDE  OIL,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, REMOTE SENSING,
SURVEILLANCE,  WEATHERING, *AGING
DISPERSANTS,  SPILL CLEANUP
FRESHWATER,  ECOSYSTEMS, BIOMASS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARCTIC,  ALGAE, ALASKA ,
ZOOPLANKTON,  REPRODUCTION, UPTAKE,  *TUNDRA PONDS
MARINE MAMMALS, MARINE ENVIRONMENT, HABITATS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL
EFFECTS, ANIMALS,  *SEA OTTERS
OCS, ICE, FATE, COASTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC, SEDIMENTS,
PREDICTIONS
OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, MODELS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC COAST,  RISK
ANALYSIS
INFORMATION  SYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ANALYTICAL
TECHNIQUES,  SPILL RESPONSE
MOVEMENT, ICE,  FATE, ARCTIC,  PREDICTIONS,
TANKS, INLAND,  EPA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
USN, REGULATIONS
TERMINALS,  INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA
OIL TRANSPORT,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  USCG, *PORT  VALDEZ
                                            SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL,  SHIPS,
"POOLING
COASTS, STORAGE, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
                                   PORTS
           DELAWARE BAY,  BENTHOS,  BASELINE  STUDIES, PHYTOPLANKTON, ZOOPLANKTON,  SHIPS
                                                236

-------
0633  OIL  TRANSFER,  INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS
0645    "   OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,  *ONSHORE
           FACILITIES
0653    "   OIL SPILLS,  METULA SPILL,  FOREIGN  GOVERNMENTS,  CHILE,  SPILL  RESPONSE, TANKERS,
           STRAIT OF  MAGELLAN
0656    "   OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  DCS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COST ANALYSIS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
           PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT
0658    "   EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CALIFORNIA,  TANKERS,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  *LIGHTERING
           OPERATIONS,  *VLCC
0666    "   OIL INDUSTRY,  EQUIPMENT,  DRILLING  ,  DETECTION,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL TRANSPORT,
           STORAGE,  PIPELINES, TANKERS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL,  SPILL DISPOSAL
R063    "   OIL DISCHARGES,  TANKERS,  SHIPS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  SAN FRANCISCO BAY
0465  OIL  TRANSPORT,  INTERNATIONAL  CONVENTIONS,  IMCO, FATE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, REGULATIONS,
           TANKERS,  SOURCES, *LONDON DUMPING  CONVENTION
0548    "   NORTH CAROLINA,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEEPWATER PORTS, COST ANALYSIS,
           SOCIOECONOMIC  EFFECTS,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,  STORAGE
0596    "   OIL SPILLS,  MODELS, COASTAL WATERS,  CALIFORNIA,  SHIPS, TANKERS,  PREDICTIONS,
           PACIFIC COAST
0641    "   INDUSTRIES,  ESTUARIES,  DEVELOPMENT ,  COASTAL  WATERS, ALASKA  ,  POLLUTION CONTOL,
           PRODUCTION ,  PIPELINES, TANKERS
0648    "   OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION,  OFFSHORE EXPLORATION, DCS,  GULF OF MEXICO,  ENVIRONMENTAL
           EFFECTS,  REFINING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  * CONFERENCE
0656    "   OIL TRANSFER,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  DCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COST ANALYSIS,
           BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  PIPELINES
0657    "   OIL TERMINALS, INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, ALASKA  ,
           PORTS  , SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  USCG,  *PORT VALDEZ
0666    "   OIL TRANSFER,  OIL INDUSTRY, EQUIPMENT,  DRILLING ,  DETECTION,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
           STORAGE,  PIPELINES, TANKERS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL,  SPILL DISPOSAL
0675    "   OIL SPILLS,  OIL SHALE,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  EXPLORATION , PRODUCTION ,  STORAGE,
           PIPELINES,  REFINERIES,  *ACCIDENTS
0678    "   ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ECOSYSTEMS,  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  ALASKA ,  RESOURCE
           MANAGEMENT,  *PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
0375  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DETECTION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
           WASTEWATERS,  *IR
0412    "   MONITORING,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL REMOVAL, POLLUTION CONTROL,  PATENT
0476    "   FILTRATION,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BALLAST , POLLUTION PREVENTION, TANKERS
0667    "   GRAVITY SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE ,  REUSE, PATENT
0672    "   ABSORPTION,  PLATFORMS,  SORBENTS, PATENT, *SORBENT  ENDLESS CORD
R068    "   FRANCE, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,  *PERFORMANCE TESTING
0376  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  OIL SPILLS,  METULA SPILL,  GC/MS,  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHILE,  CHEMICAL
           ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, SAMPLING,  SEDIMENTS,  WEATHERING,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0540    "   MONITORING,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  BIOLOGICAL
           EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  SEDIMENTS,  RESTORATION,  TROPICAL REGIONS,  RECOVERY,
           PUERTO RICO
0546    "   OCS, MISSISSIPPI, GULF OF MEXICO,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS,  DEVELOPMENT ,
           SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0549    "   OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
           SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  TEXAS
0568    "   OIL SPILLS,  METULA SPILL,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHILE,
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, RECOVERY, SPILL CLEANUP,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0625    "   OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, NORTH  SEA, ECONOMICS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
           SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0632    "   OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  ATLANTIC COAST
0635    "   OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0636    "   OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
0637    "   OIL SPILLS,  OCS, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  GEORGIA,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT
           ,  PIPELINES,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
0642    "   OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, FISHERIES, COMPENSATION,  COASTAL  ZONE
           MANAGEMENT,  COASTAL WATERS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0644    "   OIL INDUSTRY,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           ATLANTIC  OCEAN,  REGULATIONS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0645    "   OIL TRANSFER,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,  *ONSHORE FACILITIES
0370  OXIDATION, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  GC/MS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS, AMOCO
           CADIZ SPILL,  SAMPLING,  PAH, UPTAKE,  SEDIMENTS,  *MOUSSE
0578    "   MICROORGANISMS,  METABOLISM, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,
           *CYCLOHEXANOL
0596  PACIFIC COAST,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL SPILLS,  MODELS,  COASTAL WATERS,  CALIFORNIA, SHIPS,
           TANKERS,  PREDICTIONS
0680    "   OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  CALIFORNIA,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, *ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION,
           *LITERATURE REVIEW
R030    "   MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL,  CONCENTRATIONS,
           CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  UPTAKE,  RELEASE,  SEDIMENTS
0363  PACIFIC OCEAN,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  DETECTION,  CONCENTRATIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
                                                 237

-------
0360  PAH  MARINE  ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS ,  GEORGES  BANK,  GC/MS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOGENIC
         'HYDROCARBONS,  BENTHOS,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  WSF, SEA SURFACE,  SEDIMENTS,
          ZOOPLANKTON,  SOURCES, TANKERS
0365   "  DETECTION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  *UV PHOTOMETRY
0370   "  OXIDATION,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  GC/MS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
          AMOCO  CADIZ SPILL, SAMPLING,  UPTAKE, SEDIMENTS,  *MOUSSE
0499   "  HYDROCARBONS  ,  CRUSTACEANS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  RESPIRATION,  TOXICITY,
          *PHENANTHRENE,  *RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII
R050   "  MICROORGANISMS,  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, LAKE  S,  RIVERS,
          *GENETIC ENGINEERING, *PSUEDOMONAS
0382  PATENT,  OIL  TRANSFER, EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REVOVAL,
          SHIPS, *HYDRO-CARPET
0333   "  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL
0384   "  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SHIPS
0390   "  FLOTATION,  EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL  CONTAINMENT
0391   "  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT
0393   "  LEAKAGE,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SHIPS, POLLUTION CONTROL, *CRYOTHERMAL METHOD
0394   "  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT
0398   "  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  *TOW PLATES
0400   "  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL CONTAINMENT
0409   "  FLOTATION,  EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS
0412   "  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, MONITORING,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL REMOVAL,
          POLLUTION CONTROL
0417   "  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS
0418   "  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS
0477   "  EQUIPMENT,  DRILLING  , DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BLOWOUT PREVENTION
0667   "  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, GRAVITY SEPARATION,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE ,  REUSE
0672   "  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, ABSORPTION,  PLATFORMS,  SORBENTS,  *SORBENT ENDLESS CORD
0423  PENNSYLVANIA,  LEAKAGE, GROUNDWATER, FUEL OIL,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL
          REMOVAL,  OILDISCHARGES,  STORAGE
0547  PERSIAN GULF,  OIL INDUSTRY,  KUWAIT, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL
          MANAGEMENT, DEVELOPMENT ,  BASELINE STUDIES,  RISK ANALYSIS,  *UNEP
0427  PERSONNEL  TRAINING,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CANADA,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE
0428   "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL PREVENTION,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE
0429   "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RESPONSE
0442   "  OCS, EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ATLANTIC OCEAN, SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL
          CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE
0443   "  OIL SPILLS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL  RESPONSE, TANKERS,  SPILL CLEANUP
0454   "  GULF OF  MEXICO,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL  COOPERATIVES,  SPILL
          CLEANUP,  SPILL RESPONSE
0557   "  METULA SPILL,  LEGISLATION,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, TEXAS
R026   "  MANUALS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP
R027   "  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
          POLLUTION CONTROL
0548  PETROCHEMICALS, OIL TRANSPORT,  NORTH CAROLINA,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEEPWATER PORTS,
          COST ANALYSIS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, REFINERIES, STORAGE
0633   "  OIL TRANSFER,  INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
          COASTAL  ZONE MANAGEMENT,  REFINERIES
0645   "  ONSHORE  IMPACTS, OIL  TRANSFER,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, REFINERIES, *ONSHORE
          FACILITIES
0670   "  EQUIPMENT,  ECONOMICS, DISPOSAL ,  REFINERIES,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, WASTEWATER
          TREATMENT,  SOLID WASTES
R061   "  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  HYDROCARBONS  , ECOSYSTEMS,  DRILLING ,  BIOASSAY,  TOXICITY,
          *DRILLING MUDS
0381  PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  OIL  SPILLS, MONITORING,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
0502   "  MARINE ORGANISMS, BLACK SEA,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS
0524   "  FUEL OIL,  DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  TOXICITY
0528   "  FOOD WEB,  FISH,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ABSORPTION,  *TAINTING
0564   "  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTAL  WATERS
0572   "  CRUDE  OIL,  CONTAMINATION,  BALTIC SEA
0575   "  MARSHES,  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL
          EFFECTS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS
0648   "  OIL TRANSPORT,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, OFFSHORE EXPLORATION,  OCS, GULF  OF MEXICO,
          ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  REFINING,  *CONFERENCE
0669   "  CRUDE  OIL,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  REFINERIES,  WASTEWATERS, DISPOSAL , PUGET SOUND
          WASHINGTON
0389  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SLICKS,  MODELS,  EQUIPMENT,  BOOMS, BEHAVIOR,  SPILL  CONTAINMENT
0527   "  OIL SLICKS, MODELS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSION,  SEA SURFACE,  *WIND WAVES
0535   "  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, METULA SPILL, FATE,  BEHAVIOR, RECOVERY,  SPILL  CLEANUP
          STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0575   "  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  MARSHES,  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS,  CHRONIC
          EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS
0587      FRANCE,  FATE,  ESTUARIES,  COASTS,  BEHAVIOR,  BEACHES, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  SHORELINES,
          SEDIMENTS,  *COASTAL  PROCESSES,  'VULNERABILITY INDEX
0588   "  EMULSIONS,  DISPERSANTS, BEHAVIOR
                                                238

-------
0592  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  FATE,  CHEMICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  AQUATIC  ENVIRONMENT
0594    "   MOVEMENT,  MODELS,  DRIFT,  SPREADING,  PREDICTIONS,  SEA SURFACE,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES
0601    "   MOVEMENT,  MODELS,  ESTUARIES, BEHAVIOR,  SPREADING,  PREDICTIONS,  *TIDAL SIMULATIONS
0606    "   OIL SLICKS,  MOVEMENT,  BEHAVIOR,  SPILL CONTAINMENT
0610    "   MOVEMENT,  GULF OF  ALASKA,  FATE,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PREDICTIONS,  SAMPLING
0640    "   OIL SPILLS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  NORTH SEA,  MICROORGANISMS,  FISHERIES,  FISH,
           ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,  SOCIOECONOMIC
           EFFECTS
R028    "   INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  FATE,  CHEMICAL EFFECTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL
           EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
0550  PHYTOPLANKTON,  OIL TRANSFER,  DELAWARE  BAY,  BENTHOS,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ZOOPLANKTON,
           SHIPS
0563    "   FISH,  FINLAND, CONCENTRATIONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BALTIC SEA,  ANALYTICAL
           TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  SWEDEN, USSR,  *TAGGING
0433  PIPELINES,  INLAND, ICE,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA ,  SPILL RESPONSE,  TRANS-ALASKA
           PIPELINE,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION
0570    "   OIL SPILLS,  MONITORING,  MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  PLANTS,  SPILL
           CLEANUP,  TEXAS
0637    "   ONSHORE  IMPACTS, OIL SPILLS, OCS,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, GEORGIA,  ENVIRONMENTAL
           EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT ,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
0641    "   OIL TRANSPORT, INDUSTRIES,  ESTUARIES,  DEVELOPMENT , COASTAL WATERS,  ALASKA  ,
           POLLUTION CONTOL,  PRODUCTION ,  TANKERS
0655    "   OIL SPILLS,  LEGISLATION,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, SAFETY,
           POLLUTION PREVENTION,  REGULATIONS
0656    "   OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TRANSFER, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           COST ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES
0666    "   OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TRANSFER, OIL INDUSTRY, EQUIPMENT,  DRILLING ,  DETECTION,
           POLLUTION CONTROL,  STORAGE, TANKERS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL  REMOVAL, SPILL
           DISPOSAL
0675    "   OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS,  OIL  SHALE,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, EXPLORATION ,
           PRODUCTION ,  STORAGE,  REFINERIES,  *ACCIDENTS
0501   PLANKTON,  MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  BACTERIA,  ALGAE
0515    "   OIL SPILLS,  ICE, FRESHWATER, ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BACTERIA
0576    "   OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  FISH, FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  SPILL RESPONSE,
           TOXICITY,  *SCIEHTIFIC RESPONSE
0620    "   NORTH  SEA,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FATE,  UK,  *CHLOROPHYLL,  *CARBON
0491   PLANTS, OIL  SPILLS, MICROORGANISMS,  METABOLISM, FRESHWATER, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
           BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ANIMALS,  SEAWATER
0570    "   PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS,  MONITORING,  MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, SPILL
           CLEANUP,  TEXAS
0353   PLATFORMS,  OIL SLICKS,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  EQUIPMENT,  DETECTION, CALIFORNIA,  REMOTE
           SENSING,  SURVEILLANCE,  USCG, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL, *RADAR SYSTEMS
0638    "   OIL DISCHARGES, NORTH SEA,  HYDROCARBONS  , POLLUTION CONTROL
0672    "   PATENT,  OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, ABSORPTION, SORBENTS, *SORBENT ENDLESS CORD
0349   POLLUTION  CONTROL, EQUIPMENT,  COASTAL  WATERS, REMOTE SENSING, SURVEILLANCE, TANKERS,
           SHIPS,  SWEDEN
0350    "   MONITORING,  MODELS,  GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES, REMOTE SENSING, SURVEILLANCE, *NASA,
           *SATELLITES
0357    "   MONITORING,  LAW ENFORCEMENT, EQUIPMENT,  REMOTE SENSING, SURVEILLANCE,  USCG,
           TANKERS,  SHIPS, *AIREYE SYSTEM
0393    "   PATENT,  LEAKAGE, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SHIPS, *CRYOTHERMAL METHOD
0412    "   PATENT,  OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, MONITORING, EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL
           REMOVAL
0431    "   OIL REMOVAL,  MISSISSIPPI RIVER,  ICE,  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SHIPS, USCG,  RIVERS
0432    "   MEDITERRANEAN SEA,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  IMCO,  FOREIGN
           GOVERNMENTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  *ROCC, *UNEP
0435    "   GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL RESPONSE, USCG,  SPILL CLEANUP,
           *NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER
0436    "   CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  UK
0447    "   INDUSTRIES,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  CANADA, BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL  CLEANUP, SPILL
           RESPONSE
0448    "   OIL INDUSTRY, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  AUSTRALIA,
           SPILL  CLEANUP
0463    "   OIL SPILLS,  LEGISLATION,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  COMPENSATION,  UK
0467    "   LEGISLATION,  JAPAN,  GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  EQUIPMENT,
           CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  REGULATIONS
0468    "   OIL DISCHARGES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  TANKERS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  UK
0470    "   OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING, DETECTION,  WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES,  *RADIOTRACER
           TECHNIQUES
0471    "   FOREIGN  GOVERNMENTS,  AUSTRALIA,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, *PROCEEDINGS
0473    "   INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  DISPOSAL  ,
           DEVELOPMENT , PORTS ,  WASTEWATERS,  REGULATIONS,  US
0474    "   LEGISLATION,  INDUSTRIES,  ECONOMICS,  REGULATIONS,  WASTWATER TREATMENT,  *MANAGEMENT
              *HANDBOOK
                                                 239

-------
0478  POLLUTION CONTROL, MARINE  ENVIRONMENT, AUSTRALIA, POLLUTION PREVENTION
0533   "  LEGISLATION,  JAPAN,  FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  REGULATIONS
0545   "  MARINE ORGANISMS, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  GUIDELINES,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ANALYTICAL
          TECHNIQUES,  SAMPLING
0554   "  OIL  SPILLS,  LIABILITY,  INDUSTRIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  COMPENSATION
0574   "  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT, COASTAL WATERS, US,
          'PROCEEDINGS
0628   "  OIL  DISCHARGES, LEGISLATION,  INDUSTRIES,  ECONOMICS,  COST ANALYSIS,  WASTEWATERS
0638   "  PLATFORMS,  OIL DISCHARGES,  NORTH SEA,  HYDROCARBONS
0643   "  OIL  INDUSTRY, OCS, LIABILITY, GULF OF  ALASKA, FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,
          ECOSYSTEMS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA , SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,
          TANKERS,  SAFETY
0666   "  PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL TRANSFER,  OIL INDUSTRY,  EQUIPMENT, DRILLING ,
          DETECTION,  STORAGE,  TANKERS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL, SPILL DISPOSAL
0670   "  PETROCHEMICALS, EQUIPMENT,  ECONOMICS,  DISPOSAL ,  REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
          SOLID WASTES
0679   "  OIL  SHALE,  DEVELOPMENT ,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT, *RESARCH PROJECTS
R010   "  HYDROCARBONS  , DETECTION,  BILGES, BACTERIA, WASTEWATERS,  *ENZYME ELECTRODE
R027   "  PERSONNEL TRAINING,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL  RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION
          PREVENTION
R029   "  SEA  SURFACE,  USN, SHIPS,  *AIR-SEA INTERFACE
R062   "  MONITORING,  HYDROCARBONS ,  REFINERIES,  WASTEWATERS,  WATER QUALITY,  *THERMAL OIL
          RECOVERY
R064   "  OIL  SHALE,  BIOLOGICAL  TREATMENT, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  REFINING,  WASTEWATERS
R065   "  ILLINOIS, CONTAMINANTS,  REFINING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  'INDIANA
R067   "  FILTRATION,  WASTEWATERS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, REFINING,  *MICELLAR FLOODING,
          *SULFONATES
0457  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OCEANS,  LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS
0468   "  POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL DISCHARGES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  TANKERS, UK
0471   "  POLLUTION CONTROL, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  AUSTRALIA,  'PROCEEDINGS
0472   "  OIL  SPILLS,  ECONOMICS,  COST ANALYSIS,  TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST
0476   "  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FILTRATION, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BALLAST , TANKERS
0478   "  POLLUTION CONTROL, MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  AUSTRALIA
0479   "  OIL  SLICKS,  EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSION, BIODEGRADATION,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL
          CLEANUP,  SHIPS, TANKERS,  SOURCES, STATISTICS, SPREADING
0630   "  OIL  INDUSTRY, LAW ENFORCEMENT, EPA,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  PRODUCTION ,
          REGULATIONS,   'STRIPPER WELLS
0655   "  PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS,  LEGISLATION,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
          SAFETY, REGULATIONS
0659   "  OIL  TANKS,  INLAND, EPA,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, COASTS,  STORAGE, USN,  REGULATIONS
0661   "  LEGISLATION,   TANKERS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION,  ALASKA ,  SAFETY
0663   "  LEGISLATION,   COMPENSATION,  SAFETY, US,  TANKERS,  REGULATIONS
0664   "  LEGISLATION,   GUIDELINES,  SAFETY,  REGULATIONS, TANKERS,  US
0676   "  ICE, SHIPS,  RIVERS,  'ACCIDENTS, 'OHIO  RIVER
R027   "  POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL
          CLEANUP
R063   "  OIL  TRANSFER, OIL DISCHARGES, TANKERS,  SHIPS, SAN FRANCISCO BAY
R067   "  POLLUTION CONTROL, FILTRATION, WASTEWATERS,  REFINING,  'MICELLAR FLOODING,
          'SULFONATES
0523  POLYCHAETES,  MOLLUSKS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  INTERTIDAL  ZONE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
          BIOASSAY, UPTAKE
0473  PORTS ,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL
          PROTECTION,  DISPOSAL ,  DEVELOPMENT  , WASTEWATERS,  REGULATIONS, US
0602   "  MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA  ,  PREDICTIONS,  TANKERS
0657   "  OIL  TRANSPORT, OIL TERMINALS, INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY
          PLANNING, ALASKA  , SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP,  USCG,  'PORT  VALDEZ
0662   "  LAW  ENFORCEMENT,  TANKERS,  SHIPS,  REGULATIONS, SAFETY,  USCG, STATISTICS
0452  PREDICTIONS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, MOVEMENT,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT, CONTINGENCY
          PLANNING, SPILL RESPONSE,  SOURCES
0529   "  OIL  SPILLS, MODELS,  COST ANALYSIS, BASELINE  STUDIES,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0577   "  MICROORGANISMS, DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION,  HYDROS
0594    "  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS,  DRIFT,  SPREADING,  SEA SURFACE,  SPILL
          TRAJECTORIES
0596    "  PACIFIC COAST, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, MODELS,  COASTAL WATERS,  CALIFORNIA,
           SHIPS, TANKERS
0598    "  MOVEMENT, MODELS,  GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES
0600    "  OIL  SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS, DRIFT,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,
           SPREADING
0601    "   PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  MOVEMENT,  MODELS,  ESTUARIES, BEHAVIOR,  SPREADING, ''TIDAL
           SIMULATIONS
0602    "   PORTS  , MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA  ,  TANKERS
0603    "   OIL  SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  MONITORING, MODELS, DRIFT,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES
0605    "   OIL  SPILLS, MODELS,  TANKERS,  RISK ANALYSIS
0608    "   OIL  SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS, GEORGES  BANK,  FISHERIES, FISH   FATE   DRIFT
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR, ATLANTIC OCEAN,  SPREADING,  'COD
                                                240

-------
0610  PREDICTIONS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  MOVEMENT,  GULF OF ALASKA,  FATE, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
           SAMPLING
0611    "   OIL SPILLS,  MODELS, MISSISSIPPI RIVER,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  RIVERS,  *RIVERSPILL
           MODEL
0612    "   OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT, MODELS,  BEAUFORT  SEA, ARCTIC,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES, SEA  SURFACE
R039    "   OIL SPILLS,  OCS,  ICE, FATE,  COASTS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC,
           SEDIMENTS
ROSS    "   OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT, ICE,  FATE, ARCTIC,  * POOLING
R056    "   OCEANS, MODELS, SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  SEDIMENTS,  *NEW ZEALAND,  *COOK STRAIT
R057    "   OIL SLICKS,  MODELS, FATE,  BEHAVIOR,  SANTA BARBARA  CHANNEL
ROSS    "   OIL SHALE,  MODELS, GROUNDWATER, CONTAMINATION
0630  PRODUCTION  ,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  INDUSTRY, LAW ENFORCEMENT,  EPA,  CONTINGENCY
           PLANNING,  REGULATIONS,  *STRIPPER WELLS
0641    "   PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT,  INDUSTRIES,  ESTUARIES, DEVELOPMENT  ,  COASTAL WATERS,
           ALASKA  ,  POLLUTION CONTOL,  TANKERS
0675    "   PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL SPILLS,  OIL SHALE, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  EXPLORATION
           ,  STORAGE,  REFINERIES,  *ACCIDENTS
R054    "   MOVEMENT,  FATE, CONTAMINANTS,  ALASKA ,  ADSORPTION,  SOURCES, SEDIMENTS,  *COOK INLET
0539  PUERTO RICO,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, CORAL  REEFS, COASTAL WATERS,
           VEGETATION,  *RHIZOPHORA MANGLE, *VULNERABILITY
0540    "   ONSHORE IMPACTS,  MONITORING,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  SEDIMENTS,  RESTORATION,
           TROPICAL  REGIONS, RECOVERY
0669  PUGET SOUND,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  CRUDE  OIL,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, REFINERIES,
           WASTEWATERS,DISPOSAL  ,  WASHINGTON
R018    "   DETECTION,  CONTAMINANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,  SEDIMENTS,
           WASHINGTON
R069    "   NEW YORK,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,  STATISTICAL ANALYSIS,
           WASHINGTON,  *MESA
0673  RECLAMATION,  CRANKCASE OIL,  CONSERVATION,  WASTE OIL, RECYCLING, REUSE
0521  RECOVERY, OIL  SPILLS, MORTALITY,  METULA SPILL, INVERTEBRATES, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
           DETECTION,  CHILE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0534    "   OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL CLEANUP
0535    "   PHYSICAL  EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT,  METULA  SPILL,  FATE, BEHAVIOR,  SPILL
           CLEANUP,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0537    "   OIL SPILLS,  LEAKAGE,  JAPAN,  FUEL OIL,  FISHERIES, RESTORATION,  WATER QUALITY
0540    "   PUERTO  RICO,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  MONITORING, INTERTIDAL  ZONE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  SEDIMENTS,  RESTORATION,
           TROPICAL  REGIONS
0541    "   OIL SPILLS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  BIOLOGICAL
           EFFECTS,  AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL,  SPILL CLEANUP
0568    "   ONSHORE IMPACTS,  OIL  SPILLS,  METULA SPILL, INTERTIDAL ZONE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           CHILE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
R053    "   MARINE  ENVIRONMENT, HYDROCARBONS  ,  DECOMPOSITION,  BIODEGRADATION
0673  RECYCLING,  RECLAMATION, CRANKCASE OIL,  CONSERVATION, WASTE OIL, REUSE
0470  REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING, DETECTION,  WASTEWATERS,
           *RADIOTRACER TECHNIQUES
0548    "   PETROCHEMICALS, OIL TRANSPORT, NORTH CAROLINA,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  DEEPWATER
           PORTS,  COST ANALYSIS, SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, STORAGE
0633    "   PETROCHEMICALS, OIL TRANSFER,  INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES,  ESTUARIES,
           ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT
0645    "   PETROCHEMICALS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL TRANSFER,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  *ONSHORE
           FACILITIES
0669    "   PUGET SOUND,  PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS, CRUDE  OIL, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,
           WASTEWATERS,DISPOSAL  ,  WASHINGTON
0670    "   POLLUTION CONTROL, PETROCHEMICALS,  EQUIPMENT, ECONOMICS, DISPOSAL ,  WASTEWATER
           TREATMENT,  SOLID WASTES
0675    "   PRODUCTION ,  PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL SPILLS,  OIL SHALE,  OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT,  EXPLORATION ,  STORAGE,  *ACCIDENTS
R062    "   POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , WASTEWATERS, WATER QUALITY,  *THERMAL
           OIL RECOVERY
R066    "   GC/MS,  EPA,  DOE,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ACTIVATED SLUDGE,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
           •ACTIVATED CARBON
0648  REFINING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION,  OFFSHORE
           EXPLORATION,  OCS, GULF  OF MEXICO, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, *CONFERENCE
R064    "   POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL  SHALE,  BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT,  AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,
           WASTEWATERS
R065    "   POLLUTION CONTROL, ILLINOIS,  CONTAMINANTS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  *INDIANA
R067    "   POLLUTION PREVENTION, POLLUTION CONTROL,  FILTRATION,  WASTEWATERS,  *MICELLAR
           FLOODING,  *SULFONATES
0458  REGULATIONS,  OIL SPILLS,  LEGISLATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  COST ANALYSIS,  COMPENSATION,
           ALASKA  ,  US
0461    "   LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  US,
           TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE,  TANKERS
0464    "   OCS, LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, ALASKA
                                                 241

-------
0465  REGULATIONS,  OIL TRANSPORT,  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  IMCO, FATE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
          TANKERS,  SOURCES,  *LOHDON DUMPING CONVENTION
0466   "  LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
          *LAW  OF THE SEA
0467   "  POLLUTION CONTROL,  LEGISLATION, JAPAN,  GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,
          EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL CLEANUP
0473   "  PORTS ,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,  INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES, ESTUARIES,
          ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  DISPOSAL  ,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  WASTEWATERS,  US
0474   "  POLLUTION CONTROL,  LEGISLATION, INDUSTRIES, ECONOMICS,  WASTWATER TREATMENT,
          *MANAGEMENT ,  *HANDBOOK
0475   "  LEGISLATION, LAW ENFORCEMENT, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, EQUIPMENT,
          CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BLACK SEA, SPILL CLEANUP, USSR
0533   "  POLLUTION CONTROL,  LEGISLATION, JAPAN,  FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC
          EFFECTS
0558   "  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  INSURANCE, US GOVERNMENT
0629   "  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  DCS,  MONITORING,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  DEVELOPMENT
0630   "  PRODUCTION , POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL INDUSTRY,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  EPA,  CONTINGENCY
          PLANNING, *STRIPPER WELLS
0644   "  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL INDUSTRY,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL
          EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC  OCEAN,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS
0655   "  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  PIPELINES, OIL  SPILLS, LEGISLATION,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
          ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  SAFETY
0659   "  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL TANKS, INLAND, EPA, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  COASTS,
          STORAGE,  USN
0662   "  PORTS ,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  TANKSRS, SHIPS, SAFETY,  USCG,  STATISTICS
0663   "  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  LEGISLATION,  COMPENSATION,  SAFETY, US, TANKERS
0664   "  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  LEGISLATION,  GUIDELINES, SAFETY,  TANKERS,  US
0665   "  LAW  ENFORCEMENT, ALASKA ,  USCG, TANKERS, SAFETY,  US GOVERNMENT,  *VESSEL TRAFFIC
          SERVICE
0480  RELEASE,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  AMPHIPODS,  WSF, SEDIMENTS, UPTAKE,  *NAPHTHALENES,
          *BIOMAGNIFICATION
0490   "  METABOLISM, MARINE MAMMALS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  CRUDE  OIL,  CONTAMINATION,  ABSORPTION,
          UPTAKE,  *PHOCA HISPIDA
R030   "  PACIFIC COAST, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH,  ECOSYSTEMS,  CRUDE OIL,
          CONCENTRATIONS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  UPTAKE, SEDIMENTS
0349  REMOTE SENSING, POLLUTION CONTROL,  EQUIPMENT,  COASTAL WATERS,  SURVEILLANCE, TANKERS,
          SHIPS,  SWEDEN
0350   "  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING,  MODELS,  GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES, SURVEILLANCE, *NASA,
          *SATELLITES
0351   "  OIL  SLICKS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, COASTAL WATERS,  ARCTIC,  TANKERS,
          SURVEILLANCE,  SOURCES,  *SURSAT  SATELLITE SYSTEM
0352   "  OIL  SLICKS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS, ESTUARIES, DRIFT, DELAWARE BAY,  SPREADING,
          SURVEILLANCE,  *ESTUARINE FRONTS
0353   "  PLATFORMS,  OIL SLICKS,  NATURAL  SEEPAGE,  EQUIPMENT,  DETECTION,  CALIFORNIA,
          SURVEILLANCE,  USCG,  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL,  *RADAR  SYSTEMS
0354   "  OIL  DISCHARGES, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, DETECTION,  SOURCES,  WATER QUALITY,
          *HONG KONG
0355   "  MOVEMENT, MONITORING,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SURVEILLANCE, SPILL
          TRAJECTORIES,  SEA  SURFACE
0356   "  OIL  SPILLS, EQUIPMENT,  BEAUFORT SEA,  SURVEILLANCE
0357   "  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING,  LAW  ENFORCEMENT, EQUIPMENT, SURVEILLANCE, USCG,
          TANKERS,  SHIPS, *AIREYE SYSTEM
R015   "  OIL  SPILLS, MONITORING,  DETECTION,  *RADAR
R017   "  OIL  SPILLS, MONITORING,  DETECTION,  CRUDE OIL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SURVEILLANCE,
          WEATHERING, *AGING
R059   "  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MOVEMENT, MODELS,  ICE, BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL TRAJECTORIES,
          RISK ANALYSIS, *RADAR
0488  REPRODUCTION, HYDROCARBONS ,  GROWTH, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ACUTE
          EFFECTS,  TOXICITY
0489   "  MORTALITY,  METABOLISM,  GROWTH,  CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL,  CONCENTRATIONS,  BIOLOGICAL
          EFFECTS,  WSF,  *CRANGON CRANGON
0495   "  FISH, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BARENTS SEA,  WSF,  *HATCHING
0497   "  HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH,  FUEL OIL, FISH,  DEVELOPMENT ,  CONTAMINATION,  BIOLOGICAL
          EFFECTS,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  *PSEUDOPLEURONECTES AMERICANUS
R033   "  OIL  SPILLS, FRESHWATER,  ECOSYSTEMS, BIOMASS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ARCTIC, ALGAE,
          ALASKA ,  ZOOPLANKTON,  UPTAKE, *TUNDRA PONDS
R037   "  MONITORING, MARINE ENVIRONMENT, GROWTH,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL
          EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,  TOXICITY
0451  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, EPA,  SPILL  RESPONSE, *US  FISH AND WILDLIFE
          SERVICE
0466   "  REGULATIONS, LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, *LAW OF
          THE  SEA
0626   "  OIL  SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMICS, COST ANALYSIS, COASTAL ZONE
          MANAGEMENT
0636   "  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT
                                                242

-------
0637  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, PIPELINES, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  OIL SPILLS,  CCS,
           GEORGIA,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT
0647    "   OIL INDUSTRY,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  GEORGES  BANK, FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
0651    "   EXPLORATION ,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ENVIRONMENTAL  DETZRI 3'r.ATIOM,  "EVZLC?-"Ei;T  ,
           WILDLIFE
0678    "   OIL TRANSPORT, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ECOSYSTEMS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,
           ALASKA  ,  *PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
R069    "   PUGET SOUND,  SEW YORK,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  STATISTICAL  ANALYSIS, WASHINGTON, *MESA
0426  RESTORATION,  MARSHES, MARINE MAMMALS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP,
           SPILL RESPONSE
0433    "   PIPELINES,  INLAND,  ICE,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ALASKA ,  SPILL RESPONSE,
           TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP
0537    "   RECOVERY,  OIL SPILLS,  LEAKAGE,  JAPAN,  FUEL OIL,  FISHERIES,  WATER QUALITY
0540    "   RECOVERY,  PUERTO RICO,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS, MONITORING, INTERTIDAL ZONE,  ENVIRONMENTAL
           EFFECTS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  SEDIMENTS,  TROPICAL
           REGIONS
0667  REUSE,  PATENT,  OIL-WATER  SEPARATION,  GRAVITY  SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  SLUDGE
0673    "   RECYCLING,  RECLAMATION,  CRANKCASE OIL, CONSERVATION, WASTE  OIL
0469  RISK ANALYSIS,  MODELS,  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BOOMS,  SPILL RESPONSE,
           SKIMMERS,  *COMPUTER SIMULATIONS
0547    "   PERSIAN GULF,  OIL INDUSTRY, KUWAIT,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL
           MANAGEMENT,  DEVELOPMENT ,  BASELINE STUDIES,  *UNEP
0597    "   OIL SPILLS,  MODELS,  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS,  BEHAVIOR,  SPILL
           RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION
0605    "   PREDICTIONS,  OIL SPILLS,  MODELS,  TANKERS
RC40    "   OIL SPILLS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, MODELS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC
           COAST
R059    "   REMOTE  SENSING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MOVEMENT,  MODELS,  ICE,  BEAUFORT  SEA,  SPILL
           TRAJECTORIES,  *RADAR
0387  RIVERS, BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERIGN, *DEFLECTORS
0395    "   ICE, EQUIPMENT, SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL  REMOVAL, SKIMMERS
0396    "   ICE, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, USCG,  * CANADIAN COAST GUARD
0397    "   ICE, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL
0399    "   INLAND,  ICE,  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SORBENT3,  *LAND SPILLS
0431    "   POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL REMOVAL,  MISSISSIPPI  RIVER, ICE,  EQUIPMENT, SPILL RESPONSE,
           SHIPS,  USCG
0611    "   PREDICTIONS,  OIL SPILLS,  MODELS,  MISSISSIPPI RIVER, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
           *RIVERSPILL MODEL
0676    "   POLLUTION PREVENTION,  ICE, SHIPS,  *ACCIDENTS,  *OHIO RIVER
R050    "   PAH, MICROORGANISMS,  BIODEGRADATION,   BACTERIA,  AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,  LAKE  S,
           *GENETIC  ENGINEERING,  'PSUEDOMONAS
0643  SAFETY, POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL INDUSTRY,   OCS,  LIABILITY, GULF OF  ALASKA,  FISHERIES,
           ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  ECOSYSTEMS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA
           ,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  TANKERS
0655    "   REGULATIONS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS,  LEGISLATION,  GOVERNMENT
           AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
0661    "   POLLUTION PREVENTION,  TANKERS,  LEGISLATION,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ALASKA
0662    "   REGULATIONS,  PORTS  ,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  TANKERS,  SHIPS,  USCG,  STATISTICS
0663    "   REGULATIONS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, LEGISLATION,  COMPENSATION,  US, TANKERS
0664    "   REGULATIONS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, LEGISLATION,  GUIDELINES,  TANKERS,  US
0665    "   REGULATIONS,  LAW ENFORCEMENT, ALASKA  , USCG,  TANKERS,  US  GOVERNMENT,  *VESSEL
           TRAFFIC  SERVICE
0358  SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS  ,  DISPERSION,  DISPERSANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
0361    "   FISH, CONTAMINATION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, *SALMON, *SAITHE,  *OIL TAINTING
0364    "   MONITORING,  EQUIPMENT,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  ZVNALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
           SURVEILLANCE,  SPECTROMETRY
0366    "   OIL SPILLS,  HYDROCARBONS , EVAPORATION, DISPERSANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  *OIL SPILL
           VAPORS
0367    "   NORTH SEA,  HYDROCARBONS ,  DISTRIBUTION, DETECTION, CONCENTRATIONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,
           CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS
0368    "   OCS, NEW  YORK, HYDROCARBONS  , HARBORS, DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATIONS,  SEDIMENTS
0370    "   PAH, OXIDATION, MARINE ORGANISMS,  GC/MS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
           AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  UPTAKE, SEDIMENTS,  *MOUSSE
0374    "   MODELS,  HYDROCABBONS  ,  CONCENTRATIONS, COASTAL WATERS,  BERMUDA, SEDIMENTS,
           TROPICAL  REGIONS
0376    "   ONSHORE  IMPACTS, OIL  SPILLS, METULA SPILL, GC/MS, CONCENTRATIONS, CHILE, CHEMICAL
           ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, SEDIMENTS,  WEATHERING, STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0378    "   NATURAL  SEEPAGE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
           WEATHERING,  SPECTROSCOPY
0379    "   HYDROCARBONS , CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE
           IDENTIFICATION, SPECTROSCOPY, *IR, *UV, *FLUORESCENCE
0512    "   CCS, INVERTEBRATES,  HYDROCARBONS , CONTAMINATION, CALIFORNIA,  BENTHOS,  BASELINE
           STUDIES
0525    "   NORTH SEA,  MOLLUSKS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FISH,  SKOFISK BLOWOUT,  CONTAMINATION,
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS
                                                 243

-------
0545  SAMPLING,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, GUIDELINES,
          BASELINE STUDIES, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
0571   "  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,  -"LABORATORY DATA ANALYSIS,
          *FIELD APPLICATIONS
0591   "  ICE,  HYDROCARBONS , FUEL  OIL,  EVAPORATION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
          BUZZARDS BAY,  BOUCHARD  65 SPILL, WEATHERING,  SHIPS
0610   "  PREDICTIONS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MOVEMENT,  GULF OF ALASKA,  FATE, ANALYTICAL
          TECHNIQUES
R047   "  HYDROCARBONS  ,  DETECTION, CONCENTRATIONS,  CARCINOGENS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,
          ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  TOXICITY
R063  SAN FRANCISCO BAY,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  OIL  TRANSFER,  OIL  DISCHARGES,  TANKERS, SHIPS
0410  SANSINENA SPILL,  HARBORS, EQUIPMENT, CALIFORNIA,  SPILL  CLEANUP, SPILL  RESPONSE, TANKERS
0424   "  HARBORS, EQUIPMENT, CALIFORNIA, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RESPONSE, TANKERS,  USCG
0619   "  INCINERATION,  HARBORS,  FUEL OIL, FATE,  DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL EFFECTS,  CALIFORNIA,
          BENTHOS, SEDIMENTS, SEDIMENTATION
0622   "  INCINERATION,  HARBORS,  FUEL OIL, FATE,  CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  WATER
          QUALITY
0347  SANTA  BARBARA CHANNEL, DCS, NATURAL SEEPAGE,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FISH, DISTRIBUTION,
          CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  CALIFORNIA, BIOINDICATORS, BENTHOS,  SEDIMENTS
0353   "  REMOTE SENSING, PLATFORMS,  OIL SLICKS,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  EQUIPMENT,  DETECTION,
          CALIFORNIA, SURVEILLANCE, USCG, *RADAR SYSTEMS
0518   "  NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS,  CRUDE  OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS,
          SEDIMENTS
R057   "  PREDICTIONS,  OIL SLICKS,  MODELS, FATE,  BEHAVIOR
0355  SEA SURFACE, REMOTE SENSING,  MOVEMENT,  MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS , ANALYTICAL
          TECHNIQUES, SURVEILLANCE, SPILL TRAJECTORIES
0360   "  PAH,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GEORGES BANK,  GC/MS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
          BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  BENTHOS, ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL,  WSF,  SEDIMENTS,  ZOOPLANKTON,
          SOURCES, TANKERS
0527   "  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL SLICKS,  MODELS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSION, *WIND
          WAVES
0583   "  NORTH SEA, FATE, EKOFISK  BLOWOUT, DRIFT,  SPREADING,  WEATHERING, STATISTICAL ANLYSIS
0594   "  PREDICTIONS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS, DRIFT,  SPREADING,  SPILL
          TRAJECTORIES
0599   "  MOVEMENT, DRIFT, SPREADING, SPILL TRAJECTORIES
0612   "  PREDICTIONS,  OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT,  MODELS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  ARCTIC, SPILL TRAJECTORIES
R029   "  POLLUTION CONTROL, USN,  SHIPS, *AIR-SEA INTERFACE
0491  SEAWATER, PLANTS,  OIL SPILLS, MICROORGANISMS,  METABOLISM,  FRESHWATER,  BIOLOGICAL
          EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  ANIMALS
0677   "  CONTAMINANTS,  COASTAL WATERS,  BACTERIA,  *ADRIATIC SEA,  *,  VALORIZATION
0616  SEDIMENTATION, MARINE ENVIRONMENT, HYDROCARBONS  , FUEL  OIL,  FATE, EVAPORATION,
          CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIODEGRADATION, SOLUTION,  WEATHERING,  ANALYTICAL TECHNQIUES
0619   "  SANSINENA SPILL, INCINERATION, HARBORS,  FUEL OIL, FATE,  DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL
          EFFECTS, CALIFORNIA, BENTHOS,  SEDIMENTS
0347  SEDIMENTS, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL,  OCS,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FISH,
          DISTRIBUTION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CALIFORNIA, BIOINDICATORS, BENTHOS
0360   "  SEA SURFACE,  PAH, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GEORGES BANK, GC/MS,  CHEMICAL
          ANALYSIS, BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS, BENTHOS,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, WSF,  ZOOPLANKTON,
          SOURCES, TANKERS
0368   "  SAMPLING, OCS, NEW YORK,  HYDROCARBONS ,  HARBORS, DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATIONS
0370   "  SAMPLING, PAH, OXIDATION, MARINE ORGANISMS,  GC/MS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, AROMATIC
          HYDROCARBONS,  AMOCO CADIZ SPILL, UPTAKE,  *MOUSSE
0374   "  SAMPLING, MODELS, HYDROCARBONS  , CONCENTRATIONS, COASTAL WATERS, BERMUDA,  TROPICAL
          REGIONS
0376   "  SAMPLING, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL SPILLS,  METULA SPILL, GC/MS, CONCENTRATIONS, CHILE,
          CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  WEATHERING,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0406    "  FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL, BRAZIL, BEACHES, SPILL
          CLEANUP, 'BRAZILIAN MARINA SPILL
0480    "  RELEASE, HYDROCARBONS  ,  AMPHIPODS,  WSF,  UPTAKE, *NAPHTHALENES, *BIOMAGNIFICATION
0481    "  MARINE ORGANISMS,  INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,
          BIODEGRADATION, BENTHOS,  UPTAKE
0483    "  NORWAY, MARINE ORGANISMS, MARINE ENVIRONMENT, HYDROCARBONS  , CHRONIC EFFECTS,
          AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
0485    "  MORTALITY, INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL,  BENTHOS, ARCTIC, AMPHIPODS, ACUTE  EFFECTS,
          TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS
0518    "  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL,  NATURAL  SEEPAGE,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL
          EFFECTS, BENTHOS
0540    "  RESTORATION, RECOVERY,  PUERTO  RICO, ONSHORE  IMPACTS, MONITORING,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,
          ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,
           TROPICAL REGIONS
0573    "   ICE,  FUEL OIL, FLORIDA  SPILL,  FATE, BUZZARDS  BAY
0586    "  FRANCE, FATE,  DISTRIBUTION, CONCENTRATIONS,  BEHAVIOR, BAYS, AMOCO  CADIZ SPILL
0587      PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  FRANCE, FATE,  ESTUARIES, COASTS,  BEHAVIOR, BEACHES, AMOCO CADIZ
          SPILL,  SHORELINES, *COASTAL PROCESSES,  "VULNERABILITY INDEX
0590      FUEL OIL, DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL,  BEHAVIOR,  BEACHES, SHORELINES
                                                244

-------
0593  SEDIMENTS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FATE,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BEACHES, *ARROW  SPILL
0604    "   MOVEMENT,  MODELS, HYDROCARBONS  ,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS
0618    "   NORTH SEA,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  GC/MS,  EKOPISK BLOWOUT,  CONTAMINATION,  CHEMICAL
           ANALYSIS,  BENTHOS
0619    "   SEDIMENTATION,  SANSINENA SPILL, INCINERATION, HARBORS, FUEL OIL,  FATE,
           DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL EFFECTS, CALIFORNIA, BENTHOS
0623    "   NATURAL SEEPAGE,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  FATE, DISTRIBUTION,
           CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEACHES,  TAR, SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL
R018    "   PUGET SOUND,  DETECTION,  CONTAMINANTS,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
           WASHINGTON
R019    "   MARINE  ENVIRONMENT,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  GC/MS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
R021    "   OIL DISCHARGES,  ESTUARIES,  DELAWARE,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, *PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS,
           *URBAN  RUNOFF
R030    "   RELEASE,  PACIFIC COAST,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH,  ECOSYSTEMS,  CRUDE
           OIL, CONCENTRATIONS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, UPTAKE
R039    "   PREDICTIONS,  OIL SPILLS,  OCS,  ICE,  FATE,  COASTS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,
           ARCTIC
R052    "   MICROORGANISMS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  ESTUARIES,  CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA
R054    "   PRODUCTION ,  MOVEMENT, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, ALASKA ,  ADSORPTION,  SOURCES, *COOK
           INLET
R056    "   PREDICTIONS,  OCEANS,  MODELS, SPILL  TRAJECTORIES,  *NEW ZEALAND,  *COOK STRAIT
0472  SEGREGATED  BALLAST,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL SPILLS,  ECONOMICS,  COST ANALYSIS,  TANKERS
0349  SHIPS,  REMOTE SENSING,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  EQUIPMENT,  COASTAL WATERS,  SURVEILLANCE,
           TANKERS,  SWEDEN
0357    "   REMOTE  SENSING,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  EQUIPMENT,
           SURVEILLANCE,  USCG,  TANKERS, *AIREYE SYSTEM
0382    "   PATENT, OIL TRANSFER,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL
           REMOVAL,  *HYDRO-CARPET
03S4    "   PATENT, EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT
0393    "   POLLUTION CONTROL,  PATENT,  LEAKAGE,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, *CRYOTHERMAL METHOD
0415    "   EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  *FIELD TESTS,  *AIR
           CUSHION VEHICLES
0416    "   FUEL OIL,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SHORELINES,  ST.  LAWRENCE RIVER, *NEPCO  140 SPILL
0431    "   RIVERS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL  REMOVAL,  MISSISSIPPI RIVER, ICE,  EQUIPMENT, SPILL
           RESPONSE,  USCG
0438    "   EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSANTS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CANADA,  SPILL RESPONSE, *CANADIAN
           COAST GUARD
0479    "   POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL SLICKS,  EQUIPMENT, DISPERSION, BIODEGRADATION, SPILL
           CONTAINMENT,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  TANKERS,  SOURCES, STATISTICS, SPREADING
0482    "   INVERTEBRATES,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL OIL,  CHESAPEAKE BAY, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
           BENTHOS,  *BARGE STC-101  SPILL
0532    "   EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION, SPILL CLEANUP, ST.
           LAWRENCE  RIVER,  *NEPCO 140 SPILL
0550    "   PHYTOPLANKTON,  OIL  TRANSFER, DELAWARE BAY, BENTHOS,  BASELINE  STUDIES,  ZOOPLANKTON
0560    "   MARSHES,  FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BAYS, WILDLIFE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  ST. LAWRENCE
           RIVER,  *NEPCO 140 SPILL
0561    "   OIL SPILLS,  MICROORGANISMS,  MARINE  ORGANISMS, LEGISLATION, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
           ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS, WILDLIFE,
           SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, TOXICITY
0591    "   SAMPLING,  ICE,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FUEL  OIL,  EVAPORATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL
           ANALYSIS,  BUZZARDS  BAY,  BOUCHARD  65 SPILL, WEATHERING
0596    "   PREDICTIONS,  PACIFIC COAST,  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL  SPILLS, MODELS,  COASTAL WATERS,
           CALIFORNIA,  TANKERS
0662    "   SAFETY, REGULATIONS,  PORTS , LAW  ENFORCEMENT, TANKERS, USCG,  STATISTICS
0676    "   RIVERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  ICE,  *ACCIDENTS,  *OHIO RIVER
R029    "   SEA SURFACE,  POLLUTION CONTROL, USN,  *AIR-SEA INTERFACE
R063    "   SAN FRANCISCO BAY,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL TRANSFER, OIL DISCHARGES, TANKERS
0402  SHORELINES, HARBORS,  FRANCE,  ESTUARIES,  COASTS, BEACHES, AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL, SPILL
           RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL  DISPOSAL
0416    "   SHIPS,  FUEL OIL,  SPILL CLEANUP, ST.  LAWRENCE RIVER,  *NEPCO 140  SPILL
0425    "   INTERTIDAL ZONE,  EQUIPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMICS, DISPERSANTS,
           BEACHES,  SPILL CLEANUP
0455    "   OCEANS, EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSANTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL
           CLEANUP,  SPREADING
0587    "   SEDIMENTS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, FRANCE,  FATE, ESTUARIES,  COASTS, BEHAVIOR, BEACHES,
           AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  *COASTAL PROCESSES,  *VULNERABILITY INDEX
0590    "   SEDIMENTS,  FUEL OIL,  DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL, BEHAVIOR, BEACHES
0395  SKIMMERS, RIVERS,  ICE,  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL
0407    "   EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP, *CANADIAN COAST GUARD,  *PERFORMANCE
           TESTING
0409    "   PATENT, FLOTATION,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP
0413    "   EQUIPMENT,  EPA,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL  CLEANUP, USCG,  *PERFORMANCE
           TESTING,  *OHMSETT FACILITY
0415    "   SHIPS,  EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, *FIELD TESTS,  *AIR
           CUSHION VEHICLES
                                                 245

-------
0417  SKIMMERS,  PATENT, EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL  CLEANUP
0418    "  PATENT,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP
0419    "  INCINERATION, ICE,  FUEL OIL,  EQUIPMENT,  BUZZARDS BAY,  BOUCHARD  65  SPILL,  BOOMS,
          SPILL  CLEANUP
0420    "  EQUIPMENT,  EPA,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,  *PERFORMANCE TESTING,  *OHMSETT
          FACILITY
0422    "  OIL  SLICKS,  DISPERSANTS,  CALIFORNIA,  API,  SPILL.CLEANUP,  *PETROLEUM  CONTINGENCY
          ORGANIZATION, *FIELD  TESTS
0456    "  LOUISIANA,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BOOMS,  SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP,
          STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE,  STORAGE
0469    "  RISK ANALYSIS, MODELS,  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BOOMS,  SPILL RESPONSE,
          *COMPUTER SIMULATIONS
R024    "  EQUIPMENT,  EPA,  DOE,  BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  *PERFORMANCE TESTING, *OHMSETT FACILITY
0667  SLUDGE  , REUSE,  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  GRAVITY SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT
0671    "  LAND FARMING, DISPOSAL ,  BIODEGRADATION,  WASTE OIL
0530  SOCIAL  EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS
0529  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  PREDICTIONS, OIL  SPILLS,  MODELS, COST ANALYSIS, BASELINE STUDIES
0531    "  OIL  FIELDS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  NORTH SEA, GULF OF ALASKA,  FISHERIES
0546    "  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OCS,  MISSISSIPPI, GULF OF MEXICO,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS,
          DEVELOPMENT
0548    "  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,  OIL TRANSPORT,  NORTH CAROLINA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
          DEEPWATER PORTS, COST  ANALYSIS, STORAGE
0549    "  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL
          EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  TEXAS
0561    "  SHIPS,  OIL SPILLS,  MICROORGANISMS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  LEGISLATION,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
          ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL,  TANKERS, WILDLIFE,  TOXICITY
0625    "  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, NORTH SEA,  ECONOMICS,
          BIBLIOGRAPHIES
0635    "  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, LOUISIANA,
          ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTAL ZONE  MANAGEMENT
0640    "  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  OIL  SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  NORTH  SEA,
          MICROORGANISMS,  FISHERIES, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
          BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC
0642    "  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, FISHERIES,
          COMPENSATION, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,  COASTAL WATERS
0643    "  SAFETY,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, OIL INDUSTRY,  OCS, LIABILITY,  GULF OF ALASKA,
          FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  ECOSYSTEMS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL
          EFFECTS, ALASKA ,  TANKERS
0644    "  REGULATIONS, ONSHORE  IMPACTS, OIL INDUSTRY,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  FISHERIES,
          ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC OCEAN
0650    "  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, LOUISIANA, GULF OF MEXICO,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS
0581  SOIL, MODELS, HYDROCARBONS ,  GROUNDWATER, EMULSIONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
          BIODEGRADATION,  RESPIRATION
0670  SOLID WASTES, REFINERIES,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  PETROCHEMICALS,  EQUIPMENT,  ECONOMICS,
          DISPOSAL ,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT
0493  SOLUBILITY,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALGAE, TOXICITY, *CELL  MEMBRANE
0616  SOLUTION,  SEDIMENTATION,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FUEL OIL,  FATE,
          EVAPORATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  BIODEGRADATION,  WEATHERING,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNQIUES
0399  SORBENTS,  RIVERS, INLAND,  ICE, EQUIPMENT, SPILL CLEANUP,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  *LAND
          SPILLS
0404    "  EQUIPMENT,  EMULSIONS,  DISPERSANTS, BIODEGRADATION,  AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL, SPILL
          CLEANUP, SPILL REMOVAL,  *CHEMICAL AGENTS
0672    "  PLATFORMS,  PATENT,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  ABSORPTION,  *SORBENT ENDLESS CORD
R022    "  EPA, BOOMS,  SPILL  CONTAINMENT, *PERFORMANCE TESTING,  *OHMSETT FACILITY
0345  SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,  MICROORGANISMS, DETECTION, CONTAMINATION, CONCENTRATIONS,
          BIOINDICATORS, UPTAKE,  TOXICITY, 'PROTOZOA
0377    "  OIL SPILLS,  LIABILITY,  COMPENSATION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  USCG
0378    "  SAMPLING, NATURAL  SEEPAGE, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WEATHERING,
          SPECTROSCOPY
0379    "  SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS ,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
          SPECTROSCOPY, *IR,  *UV,  *FLUORESCENCE
0380    "  MASSACHUSETTS, HYDROCARBONS  , FISH,  FATE,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ARGO
          MERCHANT SPILL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
0381    "  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL SPILLS, MONITORING,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS
0563    "  PHYTOPLANKTON, FISH,  FINLAND, CONCENTRATIONS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BALTIC SEA,
          ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SWEDEN, USSR,  *TAGGING
0597    "  RISK ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS, MODELS, FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS,
          BEHAVIOR, SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP
0615    "  OCS, MONITORING, FATE,  COASTAL WATERS,  SOURCES, *POLLUTANT TRANSFER
R014    "  HYDROCARBONS  , DETECTION, CONTAMINANTS, ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES
R020    "  HYDROCARBONS  , CRUDE  OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,  SPECTROMETRY,  *IR
R021    "  SEDIMENTS,  OIL DISCHARGES, ESTUARIES, DELAWARE, *PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, *URBAN RUNOFF
R048    "  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, FOOD WEB, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
0351  SOURCES, REMOTE SENSING,  OIL SLICKS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING,  COASTAL WATERS
          ARCTIC, TANKERS, SURVEILLANCE, *SURSAT SATELLITE SYSTEM
                                                246

-------
0354

0360
0369
0452

0465

0479

0509

0565
0615
0674
R054

0519

0520

0654
0364

R020

0362

0371
0372
0378

0379

0399

0400
0401
0402

0403

0404

0405
0406

0407

0409
0410
0411
0413

0414
0415

0416
0417
0418
0419

0420

0421
0422

0423

0424
0425
SOURCES,  REMOTE SENSING,  OIL DISCHARGES,  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION,  DETECTION,  WATER
    QUALITY,  'HONG  KONG
    SEDIMENTS,  SEA  SURFACE, PAH,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  GEORGES BANK,  GC/.".S,
    CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOGENIC  HYDROCARBONS, BENTHOS,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, WSF,
    ZOOPLAMKTON, TANKERS
    JAPAJSI,  CONTAMINANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BAYS,  WATER QUALITY
 "  PREDICTIONS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  NORTH SEA,  MOVEMENT, EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
    CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL  RESPONSE
    REGULATIONS, OIL  TRANSPORT,  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, IMCO,  FATE,  BIOLOGICAL
    EFFECTS,  TANKERS,  'LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION
    SHIPS,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  OIL SLICKS, EQUIPMENT, DISPERSION,  BIODEGRADATION,
    SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  TANKERS,  STATISTICS, SPREADING
 "  MARINE ORGANISMS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT, FOOD  WEB,  CARCINOGENS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, *AHH
    MEDITERRANEAN SEA,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
    SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, DCS,  MONITORING, FATE,  COASTAL WATERS,  *POLLUTANT TRANSFER
    ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DETECTION
    SEDIMENTS,  PRODUCTION , MOVEMENT,  FATE, CONTAMINANTS, ALASKA  ,  ADSORPTION,  *COOK
    INLET
SPAIN,  MORTALITY, MOLLUSKS, INVERTEBRATES,  CRUDE  OIL,  COASTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    BENTHOS,  URQUIOLA SPILL
 "  METULA SPILL, INVERTEBRATES,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  DISTRIBUTION,  COASTS,  BIOLOGICAL
    EFFECTS
 "  TANKERS,  URQUIOLA SPILL
SPECTROMETRY, SAMPLING, MONITORING,  EQUIPMENT,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
    ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SURVEILLANCE
    SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, HYDROCARBONS  , CRUDE OIL,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL
    TECHNIQUES, *IR
SPECTROSCOPY, OIL SPILLS, HYDROCARBONS , DI3PERSANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL
    TECHNIQUES
 "  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BALTIC SEA, *IR
    INDUSTRIES, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  WASTEWATERS
 "  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SAMPLING, NATURAL SEEPAGE,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANALYTICAL
    TECHNIQUES, WEATHERING
    SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS ,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
    ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, *IR,  *UV, * FLUORESCENCE
SPILL  CLEANUP,  SORBENTS,  RIVERS,  INLAND, ICE, EQUIPMENT,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, *LAND
    SPILLS
 "  PATENT, EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL  CONTAINMENT
 "  OIL SPILLS, INCINERATION, ICE,  GREAT LAKES, FUEL OIL, *IMPERIAL ST.  CLAIR  SPILL
 "  SHORELINES, HARBORS,  FRANCE,  ESTUARIES, COASTS,  BEACHES,  AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  SPILL
    RESPONSE, SPILL DISPOSAL
 "  OIL SLICKS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS,  BEACHES,  BEACH CLEANUP, ANALYTICAL
    TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY, UK, 'LICENSING
    SORBENTS, EQUIPMENT,  EMULSIONS,  DISPERSANTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  AMOCO CADIZ  SPILL,
    SPILL REMOVAL,  *CHEMICAL AGENTS
 "  OIL SLICKS, DISPERSANTS, COST ANALYSIS, SPILL REMOVAL, 'AIRCRAFT
    SEDIMENTS,  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL, BRAZIL, BEACHES,
    'BRAZILIAN MARINA SPILL
    SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, 'CANADIAN COAST  GUARD, 'PERFORMANCE
    TESTING
 "  SKIMMERS, PATENT,  FLOTATION,  EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING
 "  SANSINENA SPILL,  HARBORS, EQUIPMENT, CALIFORNIA,  SPILL RESPONSE, TANKERS
    INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  EQUIPMENT,  SPILL RESPONSE,  USCG
 "  SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT,  EPA, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS,  USCG, 'PERFORMANCE TESTING,
    'OHMSETT FACILITY
 "  OIL SLICKS, FATE,  DISPERSANTS,  WEATHERING,  TOXICITY
    SKIMMERS, SHIPS,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, 'FIELD TESTS, 'AIR CUSHION
     VEHICLES
     SHORELINES,  SHIPS,  FUEL OIL,
     SKIMMERS,  PATENT,  EQUIPMENT,
     SKIMMERS,  PATENT,  EQUIPMENT,
ST. LAWRENCE RIVER,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING
DESIGN-ENGINEERING
                     'NEPCO 140 SPILL
     SKIMMERS,  INCINERATION,  ICE,  FUEL OIL,  EQUIPMENT, BUZZARDS BAY, BOUCHARD 65 SPILL,
     BOOMS
     SKIMMERS,  EQUIPMENT, EPA,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  'PERFORMANCE TESTING,  'OHMSETT
     FACILITY
     OIL SLICKS,  SPILL RESPONSE
     SKIMMERS,  OIL SLICKS,  DISPERSANTS, CALIFORNIA, API,  'PETROLEUM CONTINGENCY
     ORGANIZATION,  'FIELD TESTS
     PENNSYLVANIA,  LEAKAGE,  GROUNDWATER, FUEL OIL,  SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL,
     OILDISCHARGES,  STORAGE
     SANSINENA  SPILL,  HARBORS,  EQUIPMENT, CALIFORNIA, SPILL RESPONSE,  TANKERS, USCG
     SHORELINES,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  EQUIPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, ECONOMICS,
     DISPERSANTS,  BEACHES
                                                 247

-------
0426  SPILL CLEANUP,  RESTORATION, MARSHES, MARINE MAMMALS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BEACHES,
          SPILL RESPONSE
0427   "  PERSONNEL TRAINING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CANADA,  SPILL RESPONSE
0428   "  PERSONNEL TRAINING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL  PREVENTION,  SPILL RESPONSE
0429   "  PERSONNEL TRAINING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, SPILL  RESPONSE
0430   "  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CARIBBEAN SEA,  SPILL  COOPERATIVES,  SPILL RESPONSE
0433   "  RESTORATION,  PIPELINES, INLAND, ICE, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ALASKA ,  SPILL
          RESPONSE, TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE, SPILL CONTAINMENT
0434   "  GUIDELINES,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING
0435   "  POLLUTION CONTROL, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,
          USCG, *NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER
0439   "  OIL SPILLS,  FRANCE, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, AMOCO  CADIZ SPILL, SPILL
          RESPONSE
0440   "  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, HARBORS, EQUIPMENT, SPILL COOPERATIVES,  SPILL RESPONSE
0442   "  PERSONNEL TRAINING, DCS, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, ATLANTIC OCEAN, SPILL
          COOPERATIVES,  SPILL RESPONSE
0443   "  PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL SPILLS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,  TANKERS
0444   "  EQUIPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS, CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  SPILL
          RESPONSE, *LOGISTICS,  *CHEMICAL AGENTS
0445   "  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,
          SPILL COOPERATIVES
0447   "  POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CANADA,  BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL
          RESPONSE
0448   "  POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL INDUSTRY, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY
          PLANNING, AUSTRALIA
0449   "  ICE,  BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, ALASKA , SPILL RESPONSE,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS,EQUIPMENT,  USCG
0450   "  MASSACHUSETTS, LIABILITY, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  SPILL
          RESPONSE, TANKERS, USCG, *GLOBAL HOPE SPILL
0454   "  PERSONNEL TRAINING, GULF OF MEXICO, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  SPILL
          COOPERATIVES,  SPILL RESPONSE
0455   "  SHORELINES,  OCEANS, EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE,
          SPREADING
0456   "  SKIMMERS, LOUISIANA, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BOOMS,  SPILL RESPONSE,
          STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE, STORAGE
0462   "  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, COST ANALYSIS, US GOVERNMENT
0467   "  REGULATIONS,  POLLUTION CONTROL, LEGISLATION, JAPAN,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, FOREIGN
          GOVERNMENTS,  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING
0475   "  REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION, LAW ENFORCEMENT, GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES,  FOREIGN
          GOVERNMENTS,  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BLACK SEA,  USSR
0479   "  SOURCES, SHIPS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL SLICKS,  EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSION,
          BIODEGRADATION, SPILL CONTAINMENT, TANKERS, STATISTICS,  SPREADING
0532   "  SHIPS, EPA,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION,  ST. LAWRENCE
          RIVER, *NEPCO 140 SPILL
0534   "  RECOVERY, OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING
0535   "  RECOVERY, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  METULA SPILL,  FATE,  BEHAVIOR,
          STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0541   "  RECOVERY, OIL SPILLS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS,
          BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, AMOCO CADIZ SPILL
0551   "  OIL SPILLS,  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION,  US GOVERNMENT
0560   "  SHIPS, MARSHES, FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BAYS,  WILDLIFE,  ST. LAWRENCE RIVER,
          *NEPCO 140 SPILL
0568   "  RECOVERY, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL SPILLS, METULA SPILL, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
          ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHILE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0570   "  PLANTS,  PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, MARSHES,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,
          TEXAS
0579   "  MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS  , CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  *PLASMID
          TRANSFER, *GENETIC ENGINEERING, *PSEUDOMONAS
0597   "  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, RISK ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS,  MODELS, FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL
          EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS,  BEHAVIOR, SPILL RESPONSE
0627   "  OCS,  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION
0631   "  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION,  SPILL COOPERATIVES,
          *SUPERFUND
0657   "  PORTS  ,  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TERMINALS, INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY
          PLANNING, ALASKA  , SPILL RESPONSE, USCG, *PORT VALDEZ
0658   "  OIL TRANSFER,  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CALIFORNIA,  TANKERS,  *LIGHTERING
          OPERATIONS,  *VLCC
0660   "  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION,  SPILL COOPERATIVES, TANKERS
R024   "  SKIMMERS, EQUIPMENT, EPA, DOE, BOOMS, *PERFORMANCE TESTING,  *OHMSETT FACILITY
R025   "  OIL SPILLS,  DISPERSANTS
R026   "  PERSONNEL TRAINING, MANUALS, SPILL RESPONSE
R027   "  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING
          SPILL  RESPONSE
0382  SPILL CONTAINMENT, SHIPS,  PATENT, OIL TRANSFER, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL
          REMOVAL, *HYDRO-CARPET
0383   "  PATENT,  EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS,  SPILL REMOVAL
                                              248

-------
0384
0385

0386

0337
0388
0389
0390
0391
0392
0393
0394
0395
0396
0397
0398
0399
0400
0423

0433

0479

0606
0614
0666

R022
R023
0430

0440
0442

0445

0454

0631
0660
0402

0408
0666

0382

0383
0385

 0395
 0397
 0404

 0405
 0408
 0412

 0423

 0666

 0402

 0410
 0411
 0421
 0424
 0426
 0427
 0428
 0429
 0430
OILDISCHARGES,
SPILL CLEANUP,
SPILL RESPONSE,
SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SHIPS, PATENT,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS
 "  OCS,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BLOWOUTS,  ARCTIC,  SPILL REMOVAL,  *UNDERWATER
    CONTAINMENT
    OIL  SLICKS, EQUIPMENT, EPA,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS,  *PERFORMANCE  TESTING,
    *OHMSETT FACILITY
    RIVERS,  BOOMS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERIGN,  *DEFLECTORS
    EQUIPMENT, DISPERSION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING
 "  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SLICKS,  MODELS,  EQUIPMENT, BOOMS,  BEHAVIOR
    PATENT,  FLOTATION,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS
 "  PATENT,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS
    EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS
    SHIPS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  PATENT,  LEAKAGE,  *CRYOTHERMAL METHOD
    PATENT,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS
    SKIMMERS,  RIVERS,  ICE, EQUIPMENT,  SPILL REMOVAL
 "  RIVERS,  ICE,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS,  USCG,  "CANADIAN COAST GUARD
    RIVERS,  ICE,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL REMOVAL
 "  PATENT,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS,  *TOW  PLATES
    SPILL CLEANUP,  SORBENTS,  RIVERS,  INLAND,  ICE,  EQUIPMENT,  *LAND SPILLS
 "  SPILL CLEANUP,  PATENT, EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING
    SPILL CLEANUP,  PENNSYLVANIA,  LEAKAGE,  GROUNDWATER,  FUEL OIL,  SPILL REMOVAL,
                     STORAGE
                     RESTORATION,  PIPELINES,  INLAND,  ICE,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA  ,
                      TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE
    SPILL CLEANUP,  SOURCES,  SHIPS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL SLICKS,  EQUIPMENT,
    DISPERSION, BIODEGRADATION,  TANKERS,  STATISTICS, SPREADING
 "  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SLICKS,  MOVEMENT,  BEHAVIOR
 "  OIL  SPILLS, MOVEMENT, MONITORING,  FATE,  DISPERSION,  DISPERSANTS,  BOOMS, SPREADING
    POLLUTION  CONTROL,  PIPELINES,  OIL  TRANSPORT, OIL TRANSFER, OIL INDUSTRY,
    EQUIPMENT, DRILLING  , DETECTION,  STORAGE, TANKERS,  SPILL REMOVAL,  SPILL DISPOSAL
    SORBENTS,  EPA,  BOOMS, *PERFORMANCE TESTING, *OHMSETT FACILITY
 "  EQUIPMENT, EPA,  BOOMS, *PERFORMANCE  TESTING, *AIR JET BOOM, *OHMSETT FACILITY
SPILL  COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP,  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, CARIBBEAN SEA,
    SPILL RESPONSE
 "  SPILL CLEANUP,  OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION,  HARBORS, EQUIPMENT, SPILL RESPONSE
    SPILL CLEANUP,  PERSONNEL TRAINING, OCS,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ATLANTIC
    OCEAN,  SPILL  RESPONSE
  "  SPILL CLEANUP,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
     SPILL RESPONSE
     SPILL CLEANUP,  PERSONNEL TRAINING, GULF OF MEXICO,  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY
    rLANNING,  SPILL RESPONSE
     SPILL CLEANUP,  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION, *SUPERFUND
  "   SPILL CLEANUP,  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, COMPENSATION, TANKERS
SPILL  DISPOSAL,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SHORELINES, HARBORS,  FRANCE, ESTUARIES,  COASTS,
     BEACHES, AMOCO  CADIZ  SPILL,  SPILL  RESPONSE
  "   EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL REMOVAL, USCG, *DEBRIS  DISPOSAL SYSTEMS
     SPILL CONTAINMENT,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL TRANSFER, OIL
     INDUSTRY,  EQUIPMENT,  DRILLING ,  DETECTION, STORAGE, TANKERS,  SPILL REMOVAL
SPILL  REMOVAL, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SHIPS,  PATENT, OIL  TRANSFER, EQUIPMENT,
     DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  "HYDRO-CARPET
  11   SPILL CONTAINMENT,  PATENT,  EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS
     SPILL CONTAINMENT,  OCS,  EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BLOWOUTS,  ARCTIC,
     "UNDERWATER  CONTAINMENT
  "   SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SKIMMERS, RIVERS,  ICE,  EQUIPMENT
     SPILL CONTAINMENT,  RIVERS,  ICE,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING
  "   SPILL CLEANUP,  SORBENTS, EQUIPMENT,  EMULSIONS,  DISPERSANTS,  BIODEGRADATION, AMOCO
     CADIZ SPILL,  "CHEMICAL AGENTS
     SPILL CLEANUP,  OIL SLICKS,  DISPERSANTS, COST ANALYSIS, "AIRCRAFT
  "   SPILL DISPOSAL, EQUIPMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  USCG, "DEBRIS  DISPOSAL  SYSTEMS
  "   POLLUTION  CONTROL,  PATENT,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  MONITORING,  EQUIPMENT,
     DESIGN-ENGINEERING
  "   SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  PENNSYLVANIA,  LEAKAGE,  GROUNDWATER,  FUEL OIL,
     OILDISCHARGES,  STORAGE
     SPILL DISPOSAL, SPILL CONTAINMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL,  PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT,
     OIL TRANSFER, OIL  INDUSTRY,  EQUIPMENT, DRILLING ,  DETECTION,  STORAGE,  TANKERS
SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  DISPOSAL,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  SHORELINES, HARBORS,  FRANCE,  ESTUARIES,
     COASTS,  BEACHES, AMOCO  CADIZ SPILL
  "   SPILL CLEANUP,  SANSINENA SPILL,  HARBORS, EQUIPMENT, CALIFORNIA,  TANKERS
     SPILL CLEANUP,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  EQUIPMENT,  USCG
     SPILL CLEANUP,  OIL SLICKS
     SPILL CLEANUP, SANSINENA SPILL,  HARBORS, EQUIPMENT, CALIFORNIA,  TANKERS, USCG
  "   SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION, MARSHES, MARINE MAMMALS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  BEACHES
     SPILL CLEANUP, PERSONNEL TRAINING, CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  CANADA
  "   SPILL CLEANUP, PERSONNEL TRAINING, CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  SPILL PREVENTION
  "   SPILL CLEANUP, PERSONNEL TRAINING, CONTINGENCY  PLANNTNr
     C-OTT r rTM-iDtrnaTi-nnpc  -rr T ,-.,.,-,,.,,	' ^'-'^L J-w^JUN^ *  PliANNING
                                                      CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  CARIBBEAN  SEA
 SPILL COOPERATIVES, SPILL CLEANUP \
                                                  249

-------
0431  SPILL  RESPONSE,  SHIPS, RIVERS,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,  OIL  REMOVAL,  MISSISSIPPI RIVER,  ICE,
          EQUIPMENT,  USCG
0433   "  SPILL  CONTAINMENT, SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION, PIPELINES,  INLAND,  ICE, CONTINGENCY
          PLANNING,  ALASKA  , TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE
0435   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  USCG,
          *NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER
0436   "  POLLUTION CONTROL, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  UK
0437   "  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  CANADA,  *MANITOBA,  *ENVIRONMENTAL ACCIDENT  PROGRAM,  *SPILL
          REPORTING
0438   "  SHTPS,  EQUIPMENT, DISPERSANTS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  CANADA,  *CANADIAN COAST GUARD
0439   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, OIL SPILLS,  FRANCE,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  AMOCO CADIZ
          SPILL
0440   "  SPILL  COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  HARBORS,  EQUIPMENT
0441   "  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  CANADA,  BEAUFORT SEA,  *BREX III FIELD
          EXERCISE
0442   "  SPILL  COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP,  PERSONNEL TRAINING,  DCS,  EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY
          PLANNING,  ATLANTIC OCEAN
0443   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, PERSONNEL TRAINING,  OIL  SPILLS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  TANKERS
0444   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, EQUIPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS, CONTINGENCY
          PLANNING,  *LOGISTICS,  *CHEMICAL AGENTS
0445   "  SPILL  COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
          CONTINGENCY PLANNING
0446   "  MOVEMENT,  MODELS, ICE,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING, ARCTIC,  SPREADING
0447   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  CANADA,
          BEAUFORT SEA
0449   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, ICE,  BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, ALASKA , SUBARCTIC REGIONS,EQUIPMENT, USCG
0450   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, MASSACHUSETTS, LIABILITY,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY
          PLANNING,  TANKERS, USCG,  *GLOBAL HOPE SPILL
0451   "  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  EPA, *US  FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE
0452   "  SOURCES,  PREDICTIONS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH  SEA,  MOVEMENT,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
          CONTINGENCY PLANNING
0453   "  GUIDELINES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
          •SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
0454   "  SPILL  COOPERATIVES,  SPILL CLEANUP,  PERSONNEL TRAINING,  GULF OF MEXICO, EQUIPMENT,
          CONTINGENCY PLANNING
0455   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, SHORELINES,  OCEANS,  EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSANTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
          SPREADING
0456   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  LOUISIANA, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BOOMS,
          STRATEGIC PETROLEUM  RESERVE,  STORAGE
0469   "  SKIMMERS,  RISK ANALYSIS,  MODELS, EQUIPMENT, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BOOMS,  *COMPUTER
          SIMULATIONS
0576   "  PLANKTON,  OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT, MARINE  MAMMALS, FISH,  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
          CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA, TOXICITY,
          *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
0597   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, RISK ANALYSIS,  OIL SPILLS,  MODELS,  FATE,
          ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS, BEHAVIOR
0598   "  PREDICTIONS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS, GEORGES  BANK, FISHERIES,  SPILL TRAJECTORIES
0652   "  OIL  SPILLS,  MOVEMENT,  METULA SPILL, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  CHILE,  SPREADING,
          STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0653   "  OIL  TRANSFER, OIL SPILLS,  METULA SPILL,  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, CHILE,  TANKERS,
          STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0657   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, PORTS ,  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TERMINALS,  INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT
          AGENCIES,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA  ,  USCG, *PORT VALDEZ
R016   "  ICE,  DEVELOPMENT  , DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BEHAVIOR, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
          ALASKA
R026   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, PERSONNEL TRAINING,  MANUALS
^027   "  SPILL  CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  PERSONNEL TRAINING,
          CONTINGENCY PLANNING
R028   "  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  FATE, CHEMICAL EFFECTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
          BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR, SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
R046   "  OIL  SPILLS,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
          ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
0355  SPILL  TRAJECTORIES,  SEA  SURFACE,  REMOTE SENSING, MOVEMENT,  MONITORING,  HYDROCARBONS
          ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SURVEILLANCE
0594   "  SEA  SURFACE, PREDICTIONS,  PHYSICAL  EFFECTS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS, DRIFT,  SPREADING
0598   "  SPILL  RESPONSE,  PREDICTIONS,  MOVEMENT,  MODELS, GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES
0599   "  SEA  SURFACE, MOVEMENT,  DRIFT, SPREADING
0600   "  PREDICTIONS, OIL  SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS,  DRIFT,  ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL, SPREADING
0603   "  PREDICTIONS, OIL  SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  MONITORING, MODELS,  DRIFT
0612   "  SEA  SURFACE, PREDICTIONS,  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, MODELS,  BEAUFORT SEA, ARCTIC
R028   "  SPILL  RESPONSE,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  FATE, CHEMICAL EFFECTS,
          CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR, *SCIENTIFIC RESPONSE
R056   "  SEDIMENTS, PREDICTIONS, OCEANS, MODELS,  *NEW ZEALAND,  *COOK STRAIT
R059   "  RISK ANALYSIS, REMOTE SENSING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MOVEMENT, MODELS, ICE,
          BEAUFORT SEA, *RADAR
                                                250

-------
0352  SPREADING, REMOTE SENSING,  OIL SLICKS,  MOVEMENT, MODELS,  ESTUARIES,  DRIFT,  DELAWARE
           BAY, SURVEILLANCE, *ESTUARINE FRONTS
0446    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  MOVEMENT,  MODELS,  ICE,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ARCTIC
0455    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP, SHORELINES, OCEANS,  EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSANTS,
           CONTINGENCY PLANNING
0479    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL CLEANUP,  SOURCES, SHIPS,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION, OIL
           SLICKS,  EQUIPMENT, DISPERSION, BIODEGRADATION, TANKERS,  STATISTICS
0583    "   SEA SURFACE,  NORTH SEA,  PATE, EKOFISK BLOWOUT, DRIFT,  WEATHERING,  STATISTICAL
           ANLYSIS
0594    "   SPILL TRAJECTORIES, SEA SURFACE,  PREDICTIONS,  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  MOVEMENT, MODELS,
           DRIFT
0599    "   SPILL TRAJECTORIES, SEA SURFACE,  MOVEMENT, DRIFT
0600    "   SPILL TRAJECTORIES, PREDICTIONS,  OIL  SPILLS, MOVEMENT, MODELS,  DRIFT,  ARGO
           MERCHANT SPILL
0601    "   PREDICTIONS,  PHYSICAL  EFFECTS, MOVEMENT, MODELS,  ESTUARIES,  BEHAVIOR,  *TIDAL
           SIMULATIONS
0608    "   PREDICTIONS,  OIL  SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS, GEORGES BANK, FISHERIES, FISH, FATE,
           DRIFT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,  ATLANTIC  OCEAN,  * COD
0614    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT, OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, MONITORING,  FATE,  DISPERSION,
           DISPERSANTS,  BOOMS
0617    "   NORTH SEA,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GC/MS,  FATE,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL
           ANALYSIS
0652    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, METULA SPILL,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHILE,
           STRAIT OF MAGELLAN
0416  ST.  LAWRENCE RIVER,  SPILL  CLEANUP, SHORELINES, SHIPS,  FUEL OIL,  *NEPCO 140 SPILL
0532    "   SPILL CLEANUP, SHIPS,  EPA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, COMPENSATION,
           *NEPCO 140 SPILL
0560    "   SPILL CLEANUP, SHIPS,  MARSHES, FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BAYS,  WILDLIFE, *NEPCO
           140 SPILL
0559  STATE GOVERNMENTS, MARINE  ENVIRONMENT,  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  ALASKA , US GOVERNMENT
R069  STATISTICAL  ANALYSIS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,  PUGET SOUND,  NEW YORK,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
           WASHINGTON, *MESA
0479  STATISTICS,  SPREADING, SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL CLEANUP,  SOURCES,  SHIPS,  POLLUTION
           PREVENTION, OIL SLICKS,  EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSION, BIODEGRADATION,  TANKERS
0662    "   SHIPS, SAFETY, REGULATIONS, PORTS ,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  TANKERS,  USCG
0423  STORAGE,  SPILL REMOVAL, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP,  PENNSYLVANIA, LEAKAGE,
           GROUNDWATER,  FUEL OIL, OILDISCHARGES
0456    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, LOUISIANA,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY
           PLANNING, BOOMS,  STRATEGIC PETROLEUM  RESERVE
0548    "   SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS, OIL TRANSPORT,  NORTH CAROLINA,
           ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEEPWATER PORTS, COST ANALYSIS
0659    "   REGULATIONS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL TANKS,  INLAND,  EPA,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
           COASTS,  USN
0666    "   SPILL REMOVAL, SPILL  DISPOSAL, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  PIPELINES,
           OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TRANSFER,  OIL INDUSTRY, EQUIPMENT,  DRILLING , DETECTION, TANKERS
0675    "   REFINERIES, PRODUCTION  , PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS,  OIL SHALE, OFFSHORE
           DEVELOPMENT,  EXPLORATION  , 'ACCIDENTS
0376   STRAIT OF MAGELLAN,  SEDIMENTS, SAMPLING,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  OIL  SPILLS,  METULA  SPILL,
           GC/MS, CONCENTRATIONS, CHILE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  WEATHERING
0521    "   RECOVERY, OIL SPILLS,  MORTALITY,  METULA SPILL,  INVERTEBRATES,  INTERTIDAL  ZONE,
           DETECTION,  CHILE, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS
0535    "   SPILL CLEANUP, RECOVERY, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, METULA  SPILL,
           FATE, BEHAVIOR
0567    "   OIL SPILLS, METULA SPILL,  MARSHES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHILE, BEACHES, TANKERS
0568    "   SPILL CLEANUP, RECOVERY, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  OIL  SPILLS,  METULA SPILL, INTERTIDAL
           ZONE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHILE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
0652    "   SPREADING,  SPILL  RESPONSE, OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT,  METULA SPILL,  ENVIRONMENTAL
           EFFECTS, CHILE
0653    "   SPILL RESPONSE,  OIL TRANSFER, OIL SPILLS,  METULA SPILL, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,
           CHILE, TANKERS
0456   STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE, STORAGE, SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,
           LOUISIANA,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  BOOMS
0449   SUBARCTIC REGIONS, SPILL  RESPONSE, SPILL  CLEANUP,  ICE, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, ALASKA
           ,EQUIPMENT, USCG
0492    "   METABOLISM, MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ARCTIC, TOXICITY
0542    "   OIL FIELDS, EXPLORATION ,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS,  DRILLING  , CANADA,  BASELINE
           STUDIES, ARCTIC
0604    "   SEDIMENTS,  MOVEMENT,  MODELS,  HYDROCARBONS
R038    "   NOAA, MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS,
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  TOXICITY
0485   SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, SEDIMENTS,  MORTALITY,  INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE  OIL,  BENTHOS,  ARCTIC,
           AMPHIPODS, ACUTE  EFFECTS,  TOXICITY
0494    "  MOLLUSKS,  FUEL OIL,  BEHAVIOR, TOXICITY, WSF,  'FEEDING,  *CHEMORECEPTION,  *ILYANASSA
           OBSOLETA
                                                 251

-------
0497  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, REPRODUCTION,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  GROWTH,  FUEL OIL, FISH,  DEVELOPMENT  ,
          CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, *PSEUDOPLEURONECTES  AMERICANUS
0498   "  MORTALITY,  METABOLISM,  GROWTH, FUEL OIL,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, WSF,
          TOXICITY,  RESPIRATION,  *RHITHROPANOPEUS  HARISSI, *LIMULUS POLYPHEMUS
0499   "  PAH,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  CRUSTACEANS, RESPIRATION,  TOXICITY,  *PHENANTHRENE,
          *RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII
0506   "  INVERTEBRATES, HYDROCARBONS ,  CRUSTACEANS,  CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
          *HISTOLOGY, *PENAEUS AZTECUS
0508   "  MORTALITY,  MOLLUSKS, DISPERSANTS, CRUDE  OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TOXICITY,
          *ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS
0510   "  MORTALITY,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  CRUSTACEANS, ALASKA  ,  TOXICITY
0516   "  MOLLUSKS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, ALASKA ,  *MACOMA SALTHICA
0571   "  SAMPLING,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, TOXICITY,  LABORATORY DATA ANALYSIS,  *FIELD
          APPLICATIONS
0575   "  PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  MARSHES, ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
          ECOSYSTEMS, CHRONIC  EFFECTS
R012   "  MICROORGANISMS, MARINE  ENVIRONMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIOINDICATORS,  BACTERIA,
          •CHEMOTAXIS
R036   "  METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FOOD WEB,  FISH, DISPERSANTS, CHEMICAL
          ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA , UPTAKE, TOXICITY,
          •PATHOLOGY
0349  SURVEILLANCE,  SHIPS, REMOTE SENSING, POLLUTION CONTROL,  EQUIPMENT, COASTAL WATERS,
          TANKERS,  SWEDEN
0350   "  REMOTE SENSING, POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, MODELS,  GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES, *NASA,
          •SATELLITES
0351   "  SOURCES,  REMOTE SENSING,  OIL SLICKS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING,  COASTAL
          WATERS, ARCTIC, TANKERS,  *SURSAT SATELLITE SYSTEM
0352   "  SPREADING,  REMOTE  SENSING,  OIL SLICKS,  MOVEMENT, MODELS, ESTUARIES,  DRIFT,
          DELAWARE BAY, *ESTUARINE FRONTS
0353   "  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL,  REMOTE SENSING,  PLATFORMS, OIL SLICKS, NATURAL  SEEPAGE,
          EQUIPMENT,  DETECTION,  CALIFORNIA, USCG,  *RADAR SYSTEMS
0355   "  SPILL TRAJECTORIES,  SEA SURFACE, REMOTE  SENSING, MOVEMENT, MONITORING,
          HYDROCARBONS  , ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
0356   "  REMOTE SENSING, OIL  SPILLS, EQUIPMENT,  BEAUFORT SEA
0357   "  SHIPS, REMOTE SENSING,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  EQUIPMENT,
          USCG, TANKERS, *AIREYE  SYSTEM
0364   "  SPECTROMETRY, SAMPLING, MONITORING, EQUIPMENT, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
          ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
R013   "  MONITORING, EQUIPMENT,  DETECTION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
R017   "  REMOTE SENSING, OIL  SPILLS, MONITORING,  DETECTION,  CRUDE OIL, ANALYTICAL
          TECHNIQUES, WEATHERING, *AGING
0349  SWEDEN,  SURVEILLANCE,  SHIPS,  REMOTE SENSING,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,  EQUIPMENT,  COASTAL
          WATERS, TANKERS
0563   "  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  PHYTOPLANKTON,  FISH,  FINLAND,  CONCENTRATIONS, BIOLOGICAL
          EFFECTS,  BALTIC SEA, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  USSR, *TAGGING
0349  TANKERS,  SWEDEN,  SURVEILLANCE,  SHIPS, REMOTE SENSING, POLLUTION  CONTROL, EQUIPMENT,
          COASTAL WATERS
0351    "  SURVEILLANCE, SOURCES,  REMOTE SENSING,  OIL SLICKS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
          MONITORING, COASTAL  WATERS, ARCTIC, *SURSAT SATELLITE SYSTEM
0357   "  SURVEILLANCE, SHIPS, REMOTE SENSING,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING,  LAW
          ENFORCEMENT,  EQUIPMENT, USCG,  *AIREYE SYSTEM
0360    "  SOURCES,  SEDIMENTS,  SEA SURFACE, PAH,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GEORGES
          BANK, GC/MS,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,  BENTHOS,  ARGO MERCHANT
          SPILL, WSF, ZOOPLANKTON
0410    "  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  SANSINENA SPILL, HARBORS, EQUIPMENT,  CALIFORNIA
0424    "  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  SANSINENA SPILL, HARBORS, EQUIPMENT,  CALIFORNIA,
          USCG
0443    "  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  PERSONNEL TRAINING,  OIL SPILLS, CONTINGENCY  PLANNING
0450    "  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL  CLEANUP, MASSACHUSETTS, LIABILITY, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
          CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  USCG, *GLOBAL HOPE SPILL
0461    "  REGULATIONS,  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL  AGREEMENTS, ECONOMIC  EFFECTS,
          US,  TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE
0465    "  SOURCES, REGULATIONS,  OIL  TRANSPORT,  INTERNATIONAL  CONVENTIONS,  IMCO,  FATE,
          BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  'LONDON DUMPING CONVENTION
0468    "  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL  DISCHARGES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  UK
0472    "   SEGREGATED BALLAST,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL SPILLS, ECONOMICS,  COST ANALYSIS
0476    "   POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FILTRATION,  EQUIPMENT,
           DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BALLAST
0479    "   STATISTICS,  SPREADING,  SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP, SOURCES,  SHIPS,  POLLUTION
           PREVENTION,  OIL  SLICKS, EQUIPMENT,  DISPERSION,  BIODEGRADATION
0538    "  MASSACHUSETTS, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, ARGO
          MERCHANT SPILL,  ZOOPLANKTON
0561    "   SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  SHIPS, OIL  SPILLS,  MICROORGANISMS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
           LEGISLATION,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT, ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
          WILDLIFE,  TOXICITY
                                                252

-------
0566  TANKERS, FISH,  FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, *DRUPA SPILL
0567    "   STRAIT OF  MAGELLAN, OIL  SPILLS, METULA SPILL, MARSHES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
           CHILE, BEACHES
0596    "   SHIPS, PREDICTIONS, PACIFIC COAST, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS,  MODELS, COASTAL
           WATERS, CALIFORNIA
0602    "   PREDICTIONS,  PORTS , MODELS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA
0605    "   RISK ANALYSIS, PREDICTIONS, OIL SPILLS,  MODELS
0621    "   OIL SPILLS,  GREENLAND, FUEL OIL,  FATE,  EVAPORATION,  *POTOMAC  SPILL
0641    "   PRODUCTION ,  PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT,  INDUSTRIES,  ESTUARIES,  DEVELOPMENT  ,
           COASTAL WATERS,  ALASKA ,  POLLUTION CONTOL
0643    "   SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS, SAFETY, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL INDUSTRY,  OCS,  LIABILITY,
           GULF OF ALASKA,  FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  ECOSYSTEMS,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS,
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA
0653    "   STRAIT OF  MAGELLAN, SPILL RESPONSE,  OIL TRANSFER, OIL SPILLS,  METULA SPILL,
           FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, CHILE
0654    "   SPAIN, URQUIOLA SPILL
0658    "   SPILL CLEANUP, OIL TRANSFER,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  CALIFORNIA,
           *LIGHTERING OPERATIONS,  *VLCC
0662    "   STATISTICS,  SHIPS, SAFETY,  REGULATIONS,  PORTS  ,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,  USCG
0663    "   SAFETY, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US
0664    "   SAFETY, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, LEGISLATION, GUIDELINES, US
0665    "   SAFETY, REGULATIONS, LAW ENFORCEMENT,  ALASKA  ,  USCG,  US GOVERNMENT, *VESSEL
           TRAFFIC SERVICE
0666    "   STORAGE, SPILL REMOVAL,  SPILL DISPOSAL,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
           PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL TRANSFER,  OIL INDUSTRY, EQUIPMENT,  DRILLING  ,
           DETECTION
R063    "   SHIPS, SAN FRANCISCO BAY,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  OIL TRANSFER,  OIL DISCHARGES
0623  TAR,  SEDIMENTS,  NATURAL SEEPAGE,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,  INTERTIDAL  ZONE,  FATE,
           DISTRIBUTION,  CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEACHES,  SANTA  BARBARA CHANNEL
0549  TEXAS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL-GAS  LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
           OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES
0557    "   PERSONNEL  TRAINING, METULA SPILL, LEGISLATION,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING
0570    "   SPILL CLEANUP, PLANTS, PIPELMES, OIL SPILLS, MONITORING,  MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL
           EFFECTS, BENTHOS
R032    "   OCS, FISH,  CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  TOXICITY,
           *HI3TOPATHOLOGY, *SCIAENIDEA
0345  TOXICITY, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  MICROORGANISMS,  DETECTION, CONTAMINATION,
           CONCENTRATIONS,  BIOINDICATORS, UPTAKE,  *PROTOZOA
0346    "   MICROORGANISMS,  DETECTION,  CONTAMINATION, BIOINDICATORS, UPTAKE,  *PROTOZOA,
           *EUPLOTES  DIADALEOS
0373    "   DETECTION,  CONCENTRATIONS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  *SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, *GRAVIMETRIC
           ANALYSIS
0403    "   SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SLICKS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  BEACHES,  BEACH
           CLEANUP, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, UK,  *LICENSING
0414    "   SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SLICKS,  FATE,  DISPERSANTS, WEATHERING
0485    "   SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, SEDIMENTS, MORTALITY, INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL, BENTHOS,
           ARCTIC, AMPHIPODS, ACUTE EFFECTS
0487    "   HYDROCARBONS , BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
0488    "   REPRODUCTION,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GROWTH,  CHRONIC  EFFECTS, BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,
           ACUTE EFFECTS
0492    "   SUBARCTIC  REGIONS, METABOLISM, MARINE MAMMALS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, ARCTIC
0493    "   SOLUBILITY,  HYDROCARBONS ,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALGAE, *CELL MEMBRANE
0494    "   SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS,  FUEL OIL,  BEHAVIOR,  WSF, *FEEDING,  *CHEMORECEPTION,
           *ILYANASSA OBSOLETA
0498    "   SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, MORTALITY, METABOLISM, GROWTH,  FUEL OIL,  DEVELOPMENT  ,  AROMATIC
           HYDROCARBONS,  WSF, RESPIRATION, *RHITHROPANOPEUS HARISSI,  *LIMULUS POLYPHEMUS
0499    "   SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, PAH,  HYDROCARBONS ,  CRUSTACEANS,  RESPIRATION,  *PHESANTHRENE,
           *RHITHROPANOPEUS HARRISII
0500    "   HYDROCARBONS , CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIRDS,  UPTAKE
0508    "   SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, MORTALITY, MOLLUSKS,  DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL
           EFFECTS, *ARGOPECTEN IRRADIANS
0510    "   SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS, MORTALITY, MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  CRUSTACEANS,  ALASKA
0511    "   MARINE ORGANISMS,  INVERTEBRATES,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  FUEL OIL,  FISH, CRUDE  OIL,
           BENTHOS, ALASKA ,  WSF, *PELAGIC ZONE
0524    "   PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS, FUEL OIL, DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
0561    "   TANKERS,  SOCIOECONOMIC  EFFECTS, SHIPS,  OIL SPILLS,  MICROORGANISMS, MARINE
           ORGANISMS, LEGISLATION,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT, ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ARGO
           MERCHANT  SPILL, WILDLIFE
0571    "   SUBLETHAL  EFFECTS,  SAMPLING, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  *LABORATORY DATA ANALYSIS
           *FIELD  APPLICATIONS
0576    "   SPILL  RESPONSE, PLANKTON,  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  FISH   FATE
           ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEAUFORT
           SEA,  *SCIENTIFIC  RESPONSE
0613    "   FISH,  FATE, AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,  AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT, UPTAKE,  *PNA
                                                 253

-------
R032

R036


R037

R038

R044
R047

R061

0433

0461

0374

0540
0403  UK

0436
0463
0468

0620
0345
0346

0370

0480
0481

0490

0500
0522

0523

0613
R030

R033

R036


0519

0536

0654
0458

0461

0473

0574

0646

0663
0664
0353

0357
TOXICITY,  TEXAS,  OCS, FISH,  CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC  EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    *HISTOPATHOLOGY, *SCIAENIDEA
 "  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, METABOLISM,  MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS ,  FOOD WEB,  FISH,
    DISPERSANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA ,
    UPTAKE,  * PATHOLOGY
 "  REPRODUCTION,  MONITORING,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  GROWTH,  FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
    BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR
 "  SUBARCTIC REGIONS, NOAA, MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL
    EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
 "  GREAT  LAKES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOASSAY,  AQUATIC  ENVIRONMENT, WASTEWATERS
 "  SAMPLING,  HYDROCARBONS  , DETECTION, CONCENTRATIONS, CARCINOGENS, BIOLOGICAL
    EFFECTS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
 "  PETROCHEMICALS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, HYDROCARBONS  , ECOSYSTEMS,  DRILLING ,
    BIOASSAY,  *DRILLING MUDS
TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE, SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION,
    PIPELINES,  INLAND, ICE,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ALASKA
 "  TANKERS,  REGULATIONS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  ECONOMIC
    EFFECTS,  US
TROPICAL REGIONS,  SEDIMENTS, SAMPLING, MODELS,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  CONCENTRATIONS,  COASTAL
    WATERS,  BERMUDA
 "  SEDIMENTS,  RESTORATION,  RECOVERY,  PUERTO  RICO,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,  MONITORING,
    INTERTIDAL ZONE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    BIODEGRADATION
    TOXICITY,  SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SLICKS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  BEACHES,
    BEACH  CLEANUP, ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES, "LICENSING
 "  SPILL  RESPONSE, POLLUTION  CONTROL, CONTINGENCY PLANNING
 "  POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL  SPILLS,  LEGISLATION,  ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT,  COMPENSATION
 "  TANKERS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, OIL  DISCHARGES, GOVERNMENT
    AGENCIES
 "  PLANKTON, NORTH SEA, HYDROCARBONS  , FATE,  "CHLOROPHYLL,  *CARBON
UPTAKE, TOXICITY,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, MICROORGANISMS, DETECTION,  CONTAMINATION,
    CONCENTRATIONS, BIOINDICATORS,  "PROTOZOA
    TOXICITY, MICROORGANISMS,  DETECTION, CONTAMINATION, BIOINDICATORS, *PROTOZOA,
    *EUPLOTES DIADALEOS
    SEDIMENTS,  SAMPLING, PAH,  OXIDATION, MARINE ORGANISMS,  GC/MS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
    AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  AMOCO CADIZ SPILL,  *MOUSSE
    SEDIMENTS,  RELEASE, HYDROCARBONS  , AMPHIPODS,  WSF, *NAPHTHALENES, *BIOMAGNIFICATION
 "  SEDIMENTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, INVERTEBRATES,  HYDROCARBONS ,  CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC
    EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION, BENTHOS
 "  RELEASE,  METABOLISM, MARINE MAMMALS, HYDROCARBONS  , CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION,
    ABSORPTION, *PHOCA HISPIDA
 "  TOXICITY, HYDROCARBONS  , CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIRDS
 "  GROWTH,  FISH,  DEVELOPMENT  , CRUDE  OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    BEHAVIOR, WSF, FISH, *PLATICHTHYS  STELLATUS
 "  POLYCHAETES,  MOLLUSKS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
    BIOASSAY
 "  TOXICITY, FISH, FATE, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT, *PNA
 "  SEDIMENTS,  RELEASE, PACIFIC COAST, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS , GROWTH,
    ECOSYSTEMS, CRUDE OIL,  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
 "  REPRODUCTION,  OIL SPILLS,  FRESHWATER, ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOMASS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,
    ARCTIC,  ALGAE, ALASKA  ,  ZOOPLANKTON, *TUNDRA PONDS.
 "  TOXICITY, SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, METABOLISM,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FOOD
    WEB,  FISH,  DISPERSANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,
    ALASKA ,  *PATHOLOGY
URQUIOLA  SPILL, SPAIN, MORTALITY, MOLLUSKS,  INVERTEBRATES,  CRUDE OIL, COASTS,
    BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS
 "  OIL SPILLS, METULA SPILL,  FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTAL WATERS,
    *VULNERABILITY INDEX
 "  TANKERS,  SPAIN
US, REGULATIONS,  OIL  SPILLS, LEGISLATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
    COMPENSATION,  ALASKA
 "  TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE,  TANKERS, REGULATIONS,  LIABILITY,
    AGREEMENTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS
 "  REGULATIONS,  PORTS  , POLLUTION CONTROL,  INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
    ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DISPOSAL , DEVELOPMENT  , WASTEWATERS
    POLLUTION CONTROL,  ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT,
    COASTAL WATERS, *PROCEEDINGS
 "  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, FISHERIES, FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, "RESEARCH
    PROJECTS
    TANKERS,  SAFETY,  REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION
 "  TANKERS,  SAFETY,  REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, LEGISLATION, GUIDELINES
USCG,  SURVEILLANCE, SANTA  BARBARA CHANNEL,  REMOTE SENSING,  PLATFORMS, OIL  SLICKS,
    NATURAL SEEPAGE,  EQUIPMENT, DETECTION,  CALIFORNIA, *RADAR SYSTEMS
 "  TANKERS, SURVEILLANCE,  SHIPS, REMOTE SENSING,  POLLUTION CONTROL  MONITORING  LAW
    ENFORCEMENT,   EQUIPMENT,  *AIREYE SYSTEM                                 0.1^x1.0, I-".
COST ANALYSIS,
LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL
                                                254

-------
0377  USCG,  SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,  OIL SPILLS,  LIABILITY,  COMPENSATION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
0396    "   SPILL CONTAINMENT,  RIVERS,  ICE,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BOOMS, *CANADIAN COAST GUARD
0408    "   SPILL REMOVAL,  SPILL  DISPOSAL, EQUIPMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  *DEBRIS DISPOSAL
           SYSTEMS
0411    "   SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  EQUIPMENT
0413    "   SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS,  EQUIPMENT,  EPA, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS,  *PERFORMAHCE
           TESTING,  *OHMSETT FACILITY
0424    "   TANKERS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SANSINENA SPILL, HARBORS,  EQUIPMENT,
           CALIFORNIA
0431    "   SPILL RESPONSE, SHIPS,  RIVERS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL REMOVAL,  MISSISSIPPI RIVER,
           ICE, EQUIPMENT
0435    "   SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY
           PLANNING,  *NATIONAL RESPONSE CENTER
0449    "   SUBARCTIC REGIONS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  ICE, BEHAVIOR,  ARCTIC, ALASKA
           , EQUIPMENT
0450    "   TANKERS,  SPILL RESPONSE,  SPILL CLEANUP,  MASSACHUSETTS, LIABILITY,  GOVERNMENT
           AGENCIES,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  *GLOBAL HOPE  SPILL
0657    "   SPILL RESPONSE, SPILL CLEANUP, PORTS ,  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TERMINALS, INDUSTRIES,
           GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA ,  *PORT VALDEZ
0662    "   TANKERS,  STATISTICS,  SHIPS, SAFETY,  REGULATIONS,  PORTS , LAW ENFORCEMENT
0665    "   TANKERS,  SAFETY,  REGULATIONS, LAW ENFORCEMENT,  ALASKA ,  US GOVERNMENT, *VESSEL
           TRAFFIC  SERVICE
0462  US  GOVERNMENT,  SPILL  CLEANUP, LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  COST ANALYSIS
0551    "   SPILL CLEANUP,  OIL  SPILLS,  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  COMPENSATION
0556    "   LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  FISHERIES,  COMPENSATION,  ALASKA
0558    "   REGULATIONS,  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  INSURANCE
0559    "   STATE GOVERNMENTS,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  ALASKA
0665    "   USCG, TANKERS,  SAFETY,  REGULATIONS,  LAW ENFORCEMENT, ALASKA  ,  *VESSEL TRAFFIC
           SERVICE
0659  USN, STORAGE,  REGULATIONS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL TANKS,  INLAND, EPA, CONTINGENCY
           PLANNING,  COASTS
R029    "   SHIPS,  SEA SURFACE, POLLUTION CONTROL,  *AIR-SEA INTERFACE
0475  USSR,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  REGULATIONS, LEGISLATION, LAW  ENFORCEMENT,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
           FOREIGN  GOVERNMENTS,  EQUIPMENT,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, BLACK  SEA
0563    "   SWEDEN,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, PHYTOPLANKTON, FISH,  FINLAND, CONCENTRATIONS,
           BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BALTIC SEA,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, 'TAGGING
0539  VEGETATION,  PUERTO RICO,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS,  CORAL  REEFS, COASTAL
           WATERS,  *RHIZOPHORA MANGLE, 'VULNERABILITY
0669  WASHINGTON,  REFINERIES, PUGET SOUND,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
           WASTEWATERS,DISPOSAL
R018    "   SEDIMENTS,  PUGET  SOUND,  DETECTION,  CONTAMINANTS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  AROMATIC
           HYDROCARBONS
R069    "   STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, PUGET SOUND,  NEW  YORK,  INFORMATION
           SYSTEMS,  *MESA
0671  WASTE OIL,  SLUDGE  , LAND  FARMING, DISPOSAL  , BIODEGRADATION
0673    "   REUSE,  RECYCLING, RECLAMATION, CRANKCASE OIL, CONSERVATION
0372  WASTEWATERS,  SPECTROSCOPY,  INDUSTRIES,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
0375    "   OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DETECTION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  *IR
0470    "   REFINERIES,  POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL DISCHARGES,  MONITORING,  DETECTION, *RADIOTRACER
           TECHNIQUES
0473    "   US,  REGULATIONS,  PORTS ,  POLLUTION CONTROL, INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
           ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  DISPOSAL ,  DEVELOPMENT
0628    "   POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL DISCHARGES,  LEGISLATION,  INDUSTRIES,  ECONOMICS,  COST
           ANALYSIS
0669    "   WASHINGTON,  REFINERIES,  PUGET SOUND,  PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  CRUDE OIL,  CHEMICAL
           ANALYSIS,DISPOSAL
R010    "   POLLUTION CONTROL,  HYDROCARBONS  , DETECTION,  BILGES,  BACTERIA,  *ENZYME  ELECTRODE
R044    "   TOXICITY,  GREAT LAKES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIOASSAY,  AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
R062    "   REFINERIES,  POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS  , WATER QUALITY,  'THERMAL
           OIL  RECOVERY
R064    "   REFINING,  POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SHALE,  BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT,  AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS
R067    "   REFINING,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  POLLUTION CONTROL, FILTRATION,  *MICELLAR  FLOODING,
           *SULFONATES
0667  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT, SLUDGE ,  REUSE, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, GRAVITY SEPARATION
0668    "   OIL  REMOVAL,  MONITORING,  HYDROCARBONS ,  GRAVITY SEPARATION,  FLOCCULATION,  BALLAST
           ,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  ALASKA
0670    "   SOLID WASTES,  REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,  PETROCHEMICALS,  EQUIPMENT,  ECONOMICS,
           DISPOSAL
0679    "   POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL SHALE, DEVELOPMENT  , *RESARCH  PROJECTS
R065    "   REFINING, POLLUTION CONTROL, ILLINOIS,   CONTAMINANTS,  *INDIANA
R066    "   REFINERIES,  GC/MS,  EPA,  DOE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ACTIVATED SLUDGE, *ACTIVATED CARBON
0354  WATER QUALITY, SOURCES, REMOTE SENSING,  OIL DISCHARGES,  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION,
           DETECTION, *HONG  KONG
0369    "   SOURCES,  JAPAN, CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BAYS
0537    "   RESTORATION,  RECOVERY,  OIL SPILLS,  LEAKAGE, JAPAN, FUEL OIL,  FISHERIES
                                                  255

-------
0609  WATER  QUALITY,  OIL SPILLS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, MODELS,  GROUNDWATER,  ESTUARIES,
          ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMICS
0622    "  SANSINENA SPILL, INCINERATION,  HARBORS,  FUEL OIL, FATE,  CALIFORNIA,  BIOLOGICAL
          EFFECTS
R062    "  WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  "THERMAL
          OIL  RECOVERY
0376  WEATHERING,  STRAIT OF MAGELLAN,  SEDIMENTS,  SAMPLING, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL  SPILLS,
          METULA SPILL, GC/MS,  CONCENTRATIONS,  CHILE,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
0378    "  SPECTROSCOPY, SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,  SAMPLING,  NATURAL  SEEPAGE, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
          ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
0414    "  TOXICITY,  SPILL CLEANUP,  OIL SLICKS,  FATE,  DISPERSANTS
0583    "  SPREADING,  SEA SURFACE,  NORTH SEA, FATE,  EKOFISK BLOWOUT,  DRIFT, STATISTICAL
          ANLYSIS
0591    "  SHIPS,  SAMPLING, ICE,  HYDROCARBONS ,  FUEL OIL,  EVAPORATION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,
          CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BUZZARDS  BAY, BOUCHARD 65 SPILL
0616    "  SOLUTION,  SEDIMENTATION,  MARINE ENVIRONMENT,  HYDROCARBONS  ,  FUEL OIL,  FATE,
          EVAPORATION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, BIODEGRADATION,  ANALYTICAL TECHNQIUES
R017    "  SURVEILLANCE, REMOTE  SENSING, OIL SPILLS,  MONITORING, DETECTION, CRUDE OIL,
          ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  *AGING
0560  WILDLIFE,  ST.  LAWRENCE  RIVER,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SHIPS, MARSHES,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL
          EFFECTS,  BAYS, "NEPCO  140 SPILL
0561    "  TOXICITY,  TANKERS,  SOCIOECONOMIC EFFECTS,  SHIPS, OIL SPILLS,  MICROORGANISMS,
          MARINE ORGANISMS, LEGISLATION,  EKOFISK  BLOWOUT, ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
          ARGO MERCHANT SPILL
0651    "  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,  EXPLORATION , ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL
          DETERIORATION, DEVELOPMENT
0360  WSF, TANKERS,  SOURCES,  SEDIMENTS, SEA SURFACE,  PAH, MARINE  ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS ,
          GEORGES BANK, GC/MS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS, BENTHOS,  ARGO
          MERCHANT SPILL, ZOOPLANKTON
0480    "  UPTAKE,  SEDIMENTS,  RELEASE,  HYDROCARBONS ,  AMPHIPODS, *NAPHTHALENES,
          "BIOMAGNIFICATION
0489    "  REPRODUCTION, MORTALITY,  METABOLISM,  GROWTH,  CRUSTACEANS,  CRUDE OIL,
          CONCENTRATIONS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  *CRANGON CRANGON
0494    "  TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS,  FUEL OIL, BEHAVIOR,  *FEEDING,
          *CHEMORECEPTION, *ILYANASSA  OBSOLETA
0495    "  REPRODUCTION, FISH, CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BARENTS  SEA, -"HATCHING
0498    "  TOXICITY,  SUBLETHAL EFFECTS, MORTALITY,  METABOLISM, GROWTH,  FUEL OIL,  DEVELOPMENT
          ,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  RESPIRATION, "RHITHROPANOPEUS  HARISSI, *LIMULUS POLYPHEMUS
0511    "  TOXICITY,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  INVERTEBRATES,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  FUEL OIL,  FISH,  CRUDE
          OIL, BENTHOS, ALASKA  ,  "PELAGIC ZONE
0517    "  METABOLISM, GROWTH, CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALGAE,  "NAPHTHALENES,
          "CHLAMYDOMONAS ANGULOSA
0522    "  UPTAKE, GROWTH, FISH,  DEVELOPMENT ,  CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC  EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL
          EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,  FISH,  "PLATICHTHYS STELLATUS
0360  ZOOPLANKTON, WSF, TANKERS,  SOURCES, SEDIMENTS,  SEA SURFACE,  PAH,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,
          HYDROCARBONS  , GEORGES BANK, GC/MS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIOGENIC HYDROCARBONS,
          BENTHOS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL
0513    "  OIL  SPILLS, HYDROCARBONS , ESTUARIES, DISTRIBUTION, BIOMASS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
0514    "  MICROORGANISMS, FUNGI,  FRESHWATER, DISPERSANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BACTERIA
0538    "  TANKERS, MASSACHUSETTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS
          ARGO MERCHANT SPILL
0550    "  SHIPS, PHYTOPLANKTON,  OIL TRANSFER,  DELAWARE BAY, BENTHOS,  BASELINE  STUDIES
R033    "  UPTAKE, REPRODUCTION,  OIL SPILLS, FRESHWATER,  ECOSYSTEMS,  BIOMASS,  BIOLOGICAL
          EFFECTS, ARCTIC, ALGAE,  ALASKA , "TUNDRA PONDS
                                                256

-------
                                   AUTHOR INDEX
ABECASSIS,  D.W.
ACKERMAN,  R.
ACKERMAN,  R.
ACUFF,  J.T.
ADDY,  J. M.
AHERN,  J.F.
AHERN,  T.P.
AHMADJIAN,  M.
AHMADJIAN,  M.
ALBERTS,  D.A.
ALDRIDGE,  A.K.
ALEXANDER,  M.M.
ALLEN,  A.A.
ALLEN,  J.
ALLEN,  T.E.
AMER  INST  BIO SCI
AMERADA HESS CORP
AMOCO
ANDERSON;  j.w.
ANDERSON,  J.W.
ANDERSON,  J.W.
ANDERSON,  J.W.
ANDERSON,  R.C.
API
ARMSTRONG,  G.L.
ATLAS,  R.M.
ATLAS,  R.M.
ATWATER,  S.G.
AUDUNSON,  T.
AVERILL,  W.
AYERS,  R.W.
BACKLUND,  L.
BAILEY, J.R.
BAKKE,  T.
BALLAST-NEDAM GROEP
BARBASH,  J.E.
BARGER, W.R.
BARNES, P.
BAYLISS,  R.
BAZHASHVILI, T.R.
SEAN,  R.M.
BEAN,  R.M.
BECK,  D.A.
BECKETT,  C.J.
BEERS,  J.
BELLIER,  P.
BENSON, A.A.
BENSON, A.A.
BENTZ,  A.P.
BHATTACHARYA,  L.
BIERI,  R.H.
BIGGS,  R.B.
BIRCHARD,  E.G.
BISHNOI,  P.R.
BLACKMAN,  R.A.A.
BLAYLOCK,  J.W.
BLAYLOCK,  J.W.
BLUS,  L.J.
BOCARD, C.
BOEHM,  P.O.
BOUCHER,  J.
BOWMAN, N.J.
BOXER,  B.
BRADY,  M.
BRANDAL,  P.O.
BRICE,  R.M.
BRIGHT, D.
BRIGHT, T.J.
BRITISH PETROLEUM CO
BRITISH PETROLEUM CO
0457
R022
R023
0428
0343
0631
0593
0358
0362
0430
0618
0560
0399
0594
0442
0561
0382
0632
R030
0480
0481
0523
0530
0673
0619
R049
0485
0353
0583
0359
0482
0349
0431
0483
0400
0374
R029
R039
0657
0502
R030
0481
0627
0401
0501
0402
0347
0512
0377
0577
0584
0633
0542
0595
0403
0480
0481
0484
0404
0360
0513
R056
0432
0358
0361
R047
0596
R031
0383
0384
BRITISH PETROLEUM CO
BRODSKY, A.Z.
BROOKS, P.W.
BROWN, C.
BROWN, C.
BROWN, C.
BROWN, L.R.
BROWN, L. R.
BROWN, L. R.
BROWN, R.A.
BROWN, R.A.
BUCKLEY, J.
BUHITE, T.R.
BURRELL, D.C.
BUSDOSH, M.
BUTLER, J.N.
BYROADS, J.D.
CAHILL, E.J.
CAILLOUET, C.W.
CANEVARI, G.P.
CARLBERG, S.R.
CARSIN, J.L.
CARVEN, C.J.
CASBLE, R.W.
CHAKRABARTY, A.M.
CHAKRABARTY, A.M.
CHARLES, M.E.
CHARLTON, T.J.
CHEATHAM, D.L.
CHEN, K.W.
CHERIAN, M.
CHRISTENSEN, R.G.
CLEMENT, W.H.
CLEMENTS, E.
CLINE, J.D.
CLOW, J.R.
COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS, INC
COASTAL RESOURCES CTR
COCCETTI, G.F.
COHEN, M.H.
COHEN, S.H.
COLEMAN, H.J.
COLWELL, R.R.
CONOVER, S.A.M
CONSERVATION FOUNDATION
CONWAY, D.V.P.
COOLEY, J.F.
CORMACK, D.
CORNELIUS, S.
CORNER, E.D.S.
CORNETT, D.E.
CORNILLON, P.
CORNILLON, P.
CORNILLON, P.C.
COUPER, F.E.
COWELL, E.B.
COWELL, E.B.
COX, G.V.
COX, R.G.
CROFT, C.
CRONIN, L.E.
CROQUETTE, J.
CROSWELL, W.F.
CUEMEN, M.K.
D'OZOUVILLE, L.
D'OZOUVILLE, L.
DALE, D.
DANIEL, J.Y.
DAVIS, P.H.
DAVIS, W.
0667
0387
0618
0358
0362
0366
0506
0562
0601
0363
0613
0614
0433
0640
0485
0374
R026
0458
R045
0425
0563
0364
0660
0434
R050
0579
0387
0630
0373
0385
0588
0365
R021
0659
R054
0435
0635
0649
0486
0522
0386
R020
R051
0542
0636
0620
0540
0405
0570
0487
0551
0589
0597
0598
0552
0344
0534
0534
0599
0661
0564
0404
0350
0584
0586
0587
R069
0513
0518
R046
                                        257

-------
DAWSON, B.H.
DAWSON, J.R.
DE BORGER
DEBORD, F
 R.
W.
DENOVILLE,  R.C.
DEPT OF ENVIRONMENT,  UK
DEFT OF TRADE,  UK
DESLAURIERS,  P.C.
DEWLING,  R.T.
DI PIETRO,  N.D.
DOBRA, K.W.
DONOGHUE,  N.A.
DOOLEY, D.
DOTTO, L.
DRAKE, D.
DRISCOLL,  W.J.
DUBEY, R.A.
DUBEY, R.A.
DUBIEL, E.J.
DUERDEN,  F.C.
DUNNETT,  G.M.
DUTKA, B.J.
EASTIN, W.C.
EASTWOOD,  D.
ECKER, W.J.
EDIGER, D.
EDWARDS,  R.R.C.
EIDAM, C.
ELLIS, J.
ENGELHARDT,  F.R.
ENGELMANN,  R.J.
ESTES, J.E.
EVANS, J.A.
EVERICH,  D.
EXXON  PROD RES
FARLOW, J.
FARLOW, J.S.
FARMER, J.
FARRINGTON,  J.W.
FARRINGTON,  J.W.
FAUST, S.D.
FEELY, R.A.
FIDELL, E.R.
FIDELL, E.R.
FIEST, D.L.
FINDL, E.
FIORITO,  B.J.
FISKEN, W.L.N.
FITZMAURICE,  V.
FLAGG, L.B.
FRANK, U.
FRANKLIN,  F.L.
FRASER, J.P.
FREESTONE,  F.J.
FRICKE, P.
FRIEDLANDER,  D.
FRIEDMAN,  A.J.
FRIELLO,  D.A.
FRIES, B.A.
FUNATANI,  C.
GALLAGHER,  J.
GAREY, W.F.
GARNETT,  M.J.
GAROFALO,  G.
GARRETT,  W.D.
GEARIN, L.F.
GEARING,  J.N.
GEARING,  P.J.
GEN FISH  COUNC  FOR MEDIT
GEORGIA DEPT  NAT RESOURCES
GETMAN, J.
GILCHRIST,  R.
GILL,  S.D.
GILL,  S.D.
GISSBURG,  J.G.
R064
0622
0581
0449
0553
0468
0436
0585
0406
0599
0485
0578
0554
0351
R039
0655
0459
0555
0460
0427
0534
0514
0488
0378
0662
0437
0489
0419
0461
0490
0543
0353
0462
0497
0672
0668
R024
0525
R060
0615
R021
R054
0459
0555
0360
R010
0500
0657
0463
0544
0379
0403
0469
0630
0529
R057
0591
0579
0470
0467
0456
R034
0455
0508
R029
0663
0616
0616
0565
0637
R024
R027
0407
0438
0556
GLADDEN,  J.W.,  JR.
GOERING,  J.J.
GOLDFARB,  D.
GOLDFARB,  D.
GOODWIN,  G.L.
GOULD, J.R.
GRAHL-NIELSEN,  O.
GRAHL-NIELSEN,  O.
GRAHL-NIELSEN,  O.
GRAHL-NIELSEN,  0.
GRAHL-NIELSEN,  O.
GRANT, D.F.
GREENBURG,  E.V.C.
GREENE,  G.
GREENE,  G.D.
GRIFFIN,  M.
GRIFFITHS,  R.A.
GRUENFELD,  M.
GRUGER,  E.H.
GUNDLACH,  E.R.
GUNDLACH,  E.R.
GUNDLACH,  E.R.
GUNNERSON,  C.G.
GUNNERSON,  C.G.
HABERCOM,  G.E.,  JR.
HADEAU,  S.
HAENSLY,  W.E.
HALEY, G.P.
HANLON,  J.R.
HANN,  R.W.
HANN,  R.W.
HANN,  R.W.
HANN,  R.W.,  JR.
HANSEN,  K.
HANSEN,  W.G.
HANSEN,  W.G.
HARDY,
HARDY,
HARRIS,  R.
HARRISON,
HARRISON,
HART,  J.W.
HARTLEY,  J.P.
HARTWICK,  N.J.R.
HAWKES,  J.W.
HAY,  K.G.
HAYES, J.B.
HAYES, M.O.
HAYES, M
HAYES, M
HAYES, M
HECKLY
HEDGPETH,  J.W.
HELLEBUST,  J.A.
HELLEBUST,  J.A.
HELLER,  B.
HERRE, B.H.
HESS,  K.W.
HILL,  S.
HIYAMA,  Y.
HOBBIE,  J.E.
HODGINS,  H.O.
HOFFMAN,  D.J.
HOFFMAN,  J.
HOFFMAN,  J.M.
HOFFMANN,  E.J.
HOLLAND,  J.S.
HOLLIDAY,  G.H.
HOLMES,  J.P.
HOLT,  S.
HOOD,  D.W.
HOOD,  D.W.
HOROWITZ,  A.
HOVIS, W.A.
HUBBARD,  J.F.
                                              0.
                                              0.
0650
0641
0358
0366
0471
0503
0361
0367
0566
0617
0638
0378
0664
0542
0387
0573
0606
0379
R036
0519
0586
0587
0567
0652
0656
0590
R032
0458
0451
0535
0557
0568
0439
0598
0408
0659
0525
0620
0487
0491
R065
0440
0343
0409
0492
0639
0665
0519
0536
0586
0587
R048
0569
0493
0517
0558
0423
0600
0546
0537
R033
R036
0488
0447
0441
0464
0570
0422
0500
0570
064
0640
0485
R017
0442
                                       258

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HUH, C.
HUTCHINSON,  J.H.
HUTCHINSON,  T.C.
HUTCHINSON,  T.C.
HYLAND,  J.L.
IMBRIE,  R.J.
INHABER,  H.
INTERGOV OCEANOGRAPHIC  COMM
ISMAIL,  N.
JANSON,  J.J.
JASPER,  W.
JENKINS,  R.G.
JENSEN,  J.R.
JOHANNESSEN,  K.I.
JOHNSEN,  T.M.
JOHNSON,  J.H.
JOHNSON,  R.A.
JUHASZ,  F.
KAMADA,  M.
KARGOPOLOVA,  I.N.
KARINEN,  J.F.
KARINEN,  J.F.
KARNAUKHOV,  V.M.
KARRICK,  N.L.
KARWAN,  K.R.
KAZMIERCZAK,  L.J.
KEITH,  V.F.
KEIZER,  P.O.
KENNEDY,  D.
KERR,  C.L.
KERWIN,  J.A.
KETCHUM,  B.H.
KEYES,  S.W.,  JR.
KIESSER,  S.L.
KIESSER,  S.L.
KIM,  T.
KLEMAS,  V.
KNAUSS,  P.
KNOLL,  J.
KOLPACK,  R.L.
KONIGSBERG,  D.
KOONS,  C.B.
KOONS,  C.B.
KOOYMAN,  G.L.
KOPECK,  J.T.
KOTOV,  A.M.
KOVACS,  A.
KOVACS,  A.
KOVALEVA, G. I.
KRAUS,  S.P.
KRUEGER,  R.B.
KUHNHOLD, W.W.
KUHNHOLD, W.W.
LADNER,  C.M.
LAKE,  J.
LAKE,  J.
LANFEAR,  K.J.
LANGLOIS, E.
LANIER,  J.J.
LANIER,  J.J.
LASETER,  J.L.
LASETER,  J.L.
LATHE,  D.C.C.
LAUGHLIN, R.B.
LAUGHLIN, R.B., JR.
LAW ,  E . F .
LAWLER,  G.C.
LEE,  R.F.
LEFEVRE,  J.
LEIBOVICH,  S.
LEVELL,  D.
LEWIS,  R.E.
LIBRARY OF  CONGRESS
LICHTE,  H.W.
LIGHT,  M.
0599
0410
0493
0517
0494
0411
0674
0545
0388
0412
0588
0380
0353
0495
0483
0618
0601
0472
0369
0496
0511
0571
0496
R036
0411
0443
0602
0593
R028
0600
0484
0465
0546
0480
0481
0588
0352
0493
R017
0619
0589
0363
0368
R034
0424
0502
R055
R059
0502
0353
0466
0497
0538
0506
R019
0497
R040
0473
0345
0346
0370
0500
0409
0499
0498
R069
0500
0501
0513
0389
0343
0429
0642
0413
0345
LIGHT, M.
LIN, J.-T.
LINDBLOM,  G.P.
LINDENMUTH,  W.T.
LINDMARK,  D.G.
LINDSTEDT-SIVA,  J.
LINDSTEDT-SIVA,  J.
LISSAUER,  I.M.
LISSAUER,  I.M.
LIU, H.-T.
LO, C. P.
LONGABUCCO,  P.
LOPEZ, J.M.
LUKER, R.A.
LUND,  H.F.
LUNDT, E.A.
LYNCH, P.
LYNCH, P.
LYSIAK,  E.
LYSYI, I.
MACKAY,  D.
MACKAY,
MACKAY,
MACKIE,
MACKIE,
MACLEOD,
MACLEOD,
MACLEOD,
MAHMOOD,
MAINI, B.B.
MALINKY,  G.
MALINS,  D.C.
MALONEY,  R.
MANSFIELD,  B
MANSFIELD,  B
MANUELL,  R.W
MARSH, G.D.
MASSART,  G.
MASSIN,  J.M.
MATHEWS,  K.W
MATSUDA,  T.
MATTSON,  J.
MAURER,  D.
MAXWELL,  R.D
MAY, M.E.
MAY, W.E.
MAYER, F.L.
MAYO,  D.W.
MAZMANIDI,  N
MCAULIFFE,  C
MCCLELLAND
MCCRACKEN,
 D.
 D.
 P.R.
 P.R.
,  W.
,  W.D.
  W.D.
  A.
                JR.
                JR.
            N. D.
            C.D.
             J.J.
            W.F.
           JR.
MCINTYRE,  A.D.
MCKAY,  G.
MEADE,  N.F.
MEADOW,  H.M.
MEIKLE,  K.M.
MELTEFF, B.
MELVOLD, R.
MERTENS, E.W.
MEYERS,  F.
MICHEL,  J.
MILAN,  C.S.
MILEIKOVSKII,  S.A.
MILLER,  D.C.
MILLER,  W.
MILOVIDOVA,  N.Y.
MINCHEW, C.D.
MITCHELL,  R.
MITRE CORP
MOAL, J.
MOELLER, P.J.
MOLES,  A.
MONK, D.C.
MOORE,  R.K.
0346
0527
0444
0336
R035
0426
0445
0446
0603
0527
0354
0560
0539
0628
0474
0659
0358
0362
0572
0668
0387
0493
0590
0525
0620
R018
0380
0591
0629
0595
0604
R036
0509
0441
0447
0448
0449
0402
0355
0450
0580
0381
0550
R024
0476
0365
R011
0540
0502
0414
0475
0630
0620
R012
0530
0629
0415
0643
0668
0503
0390
0586
0504
0505
0494
R063
0496
0506
R012
0675
0513
0627
0511
0344
R015
                                        259

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MORRIS,  R.J.
MORRISON,  C.D.
MORSE, R.W.
MORSON,  3.
MOSESMAN,  N.
MUELLER,  E.W.
MUNJKO,  I •
MURAKAMI,  A.
MURPHY,  B.L.
MURPHY,  D.L.
MURPHY,  D.L.
MYLROIE,  J.R.
NADEAU,  R.J.
NADEAU,  R.J.
HAGASAWA,  S.
NAGY,  E.
NAKASSIS,  A.
NATL RESEARCH DEVELOP CORP
NEFF,  J.M.
:<£FF,  S.E.
NEIHOF,  R.A.
NEPPELBERG,  O.
NEPPELBERG,  T.
NEPPELBERG,  T.
NEUMAN,  L.D.
NEW ENGLAND  RIV BASIN COMM
NG, C.
NICHOLS,  J.A.
MORBON,  M.G.
NORCOR ENGINEEER & RESEARCH
MORRIS,  D.B.
NORTH  CAROLINA DEPT OF ADMIN
NORWOOD,  C.
OBERHOLTZER,  G.R.
OCEANOGR INST OF WASHINGTON
OGURI, M.
OLIVER,  J.D.
OLLA,  B.
OLSEN,  S.B.
ONISHI,  T.
ORDZIE,  C.
OTIS  ENGINEERING CORP
OVERTON,  E.B.
OZKAYNAK,  H.
PAGE,  D.S.
PALM,  D.J.
PALMORK,  K.H.
PALMORK,  K.H.
PALMORK,  T.
PARKER,  H.
PATEL,  J.R.
PATTISON,  M.L.
PAVLETIC,  Z.
PAYNE,  J.F.
PAYNE,  J.L.
PECHAN,  E.H.
PERKINS,  G.G.
PETER,  G.
PETERSON,  H.K.
PETROL INST ENV CONSERV  EXEC
PHILLIPS,  D.
PIERCE,  W.L.
PIJANOWSKI,  B.
PLAGE,  W.E.
POLEY,  J.P.
POLIS,  D.F.
POLLACK,  A.M.
PREUS,
PREUS,
         , I.
PRICE,  R.
PRITCHARD,  H.
PROHASKA,  P.G.
PROPP,  C.F.
PURDY,  H.A.
QUAM,  H.A.
0531
0676
0644
0507
0360
0559
0677
0580
0605
0446
0603
0579
0416
0451
0580
0514
R040
0417
0499
0485
0476
0361
0566
0638
0547
0645
0590
0455
0403
0356
0578
0548
R019
0428
0669
0622
R052
R037
0647
0369
0508
0477
0370
0605
0540
0532
0566
0638
0361
0405
0370
0625
0677
0509
0429
0628
0657
0652
0621
0478
0560
0427
R013
0357
0452
0352
0453
0391
0392
0653
R053
0591
0418
0657
0395
QUIMN, J.G.
QUIROGA, H.
RABALAIS, N.
RABALAIS, S.
RAKIMTULA, A.
RAJ, P.P.K.
RAKOWSKA, E.
RANDALL, R.C.
RAPHAELIAN, L.A.
REED, M.
REED, M.
REIMNITZ, E.
RENAULT, P.
RES & PLAN CONS
RES EDUC ASSOC
RESEARCH & PLANNING CONSULT
RICE, S.D.
RICE, S.D.
RICE, S.D.
RICHARDS, N.
RIDLON, J.
RILEY, P.
RILEY, R.G.
RISEBROUGH, R.W.
RIZKALLA, A.S.
ROBERTS, W.R.
ROBERTSON, J.B.
ROGERSON, P.
ROHDE, K.H.
ROMMEL, G.W.
ROMMEL, G.W.
ROSS, D.E.
ROSS, S.L.
ROSSI, S.S.
ROSSI, S.S.
ROWLAND, S.J.
ROYER, T.C.
RUDLING, L.
RUSHWORTH, R.
RYAN, W.
SAHOTA, H.S.
SAILA, S.B.
SAKAMOTO, H.
SAMAIN, J.F.
SAMUELS, W.
SANCRANT, R.J.
SCHIMMEL, S.
SCHMIDT, R.E.
SCHOEN, C.
SCHRIER, E.
SCHRIER, E.
SCHULTZ, L.A.
SCHWARTZ, S.H.
SCOTT, B.F.
SCOTT, B.F.
SEARD, T.D.-
SEXTON, W.J.
SHARKEY, A.J.
SHAW, D.
SHAW, D.
SHAW, D.G.
SHERRY, J.P.
SHINDLER, D.B.
SHIPMAN, E.D.
SHORT, J.W.
SHUFFMAN, O.
SHUFFMAN, R.
SILI, P.
SILVA, C.C.
SIMMONS, G.M.
SIMMONS, R.G.
SINCLAIR, J.R.
SITTIG, M.
SJUNTORP, A.B.
SKINNER, R.G.
0616
0654
0570
0570
0509
0606
0572
R047
R066
0607
0608
R039
0404
0609
0670
0549
0373
0510
0511
R061
R069
0431
R030
R041
0612
0650
ROSS
R019
0371
0347
0512
0403
0393
0347
0512
0618
0610
0348
0668
0407
0612
0647
0369
0513
R040
0662
R061
0357
R040
0419
0434
0449
0420
0514
0515
0363
0586
0372
R042
0604
0516
0514
0515
0454
0373
0393
0393
R068
0406
0629
0427
0408
0666
0394
0421
                                        260

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SLEETER,  T.D.
SMART,  D.R.
SMITH,
SMITH,
SMITH,
SMITH,
SOBOT,
       D. D.
       K.A.
       L.R.
       S . L. ,  JR.
       S.
SOMERVILLE,  H.J.
SORENSEN,  E.
SOTO, C.
SOULE, D.F.
SOUTHWARD,  A.J.
SPAULDING,  M.
SPAULDING,  M.L.
SPAULDING,  M.L.
SPAULDING,  M.L.
SPIES, R.B.
STAINKEN,  D.
STAMOUDIS,  V.C.
STANSBY,  M.E.
STEARNS,  R.W.
STEGEMAN,  J.J.
STEIN, R.J.
STEINHAUER,  W.G.
STENDELL,  R.C.
STILINOVIC,  B.
STILLWAUGH,  S.
STOLZENBACH,  K. D.
STRAUGHAN,  D.
STRAUGHAN,  D.
STRAUGHAN,  D.
STRINGER,  W.J.
STUERMER,  D.H.
SUFFET,  I.H.
SZARO, R.C.
TAGATZ,  S.
TAKAHASHI,  M.
TAM,  D.
TAYLOR,  T.L.
TEAL,  J.M.
TEAL,  J.M.
TELFORD,  A.S.
TELFORD,  A.S.
TEXAS  A  & M UNIV
THANARAJAH,  J.C.M.
THERY,  I. P.
THOMAS,  J. P.
THOMAS,  L.C.
THOMPSON, J.H.
THOMPSON,  R.E.
TOKYO  UNIV OF  FISHERIES
TRAMIER,  B.
TRAXLER,
TRAXLER,
          R.
          R.
TRUDGILL,  P,
             W.
TSAHALIS,  D.T.
TSANG,  G.
TSANG,  G.
TUFFLY,  B.
TUPPER,  F.
UNIROYAL,  INC
UNIV OF RHODE ISLAND
US  BLM
US  DOE
US  EPA
US  EPA
UYEDA,  M.Y.
UYEDA,  M.Y.
VANDERHORST, J.R.
VANDERKOOY,  N.
VANDERMEULEN, J.H.
VANLOOCKE, R.
VEDROS,  N.A.
VENEZKY,  D.L.
0374
0522
0422
0646
0458
0377
0677
0582
0540
0517
0622
0541
0597
0593
0607
0608
0518
0379
0584
0528
0619
0497
0519
0360
0484
0677
R069
0453
0520
0521
0623
R016
0518
0592
0500
R061
0501
0493
0511
R060
0573
0395
0542
0648
0594
R068
0368
0380
R031
R067
0533
R068
0508
0577
0578
0611
0396
0397
R062
0678
0398
0649
0634
0679
0375
0574
0380
0591
0523
0396
0593
0581
R048
R014
VENKATESH,  K.
VERLINDE,  A.
VERNBERG,  F.J.
VERSTRAETE,  W.
VILLAUME,  J.F.
VOLLMARS,  R.R.
VORBACH,  J.E.
VOYKIN,  D.P.
WADE,  T.
WAHLGREN,  M.A.
WALLS,  R.W.
WARNER,  J.S.
WATANABE,  N.
WATKINSON,  R.J.
WATLISG,  L.
WATSON,  A.
WEBER,  D.D.
WEEKS,  W.F.
WEISS,  F.T.
WELDON,  R.A.
WELLS,  W.G.
WESTRHEIM,  K.
WESTRHEIM,  K.
WESTRHEIM,  K.
WHELAN,  T. ,  III
WHIPPLE,  D.
WHIPPLE,  J.A.
WHITE,  I.C.
WHITE,  I.C.
WHITE,  J.R.
WHITE,  W.W.
          K
                                                            J.
                                                         K. J.
                                                          M.W.
WHITTLE,
WHITTLE,
WICKSTEN,
WIEMEYER,  S.N.
WILHELMSEN,  S.
WILHELMSEN,  S.
WILHELMSEN,  S.
WILKENSON,  P.
WILMAN,  E.
WILSON,
WILSON,
WILSON,
WILSON,
WILSON,
WILSON,
WINZLER/KELLY
WITHAM,  R.
WOLFE,  D.A.
WOLFSON,  M.W.
WOLKE,  R.E.
WOODRUFF,  D
WRIGHT,  D.G
YOCOM,  T.G.
YU,  Y.S.
                                                        J.E.
                                                        J.E.
                                                        K.M.
                                                        M.
                                                        M.
                                                        M.
.P.
.P.
.P.
                                                             L.
0612
0581
0575
0581
0423
0353
0631
0423
0616
R044
0650
0376
0580
0532
0550
0590
R036
R059
0613
0671
0601
0367
0566
0638
0504
0651
0522
0455
0524
0357
0424
0525
0620
0622
0484
0367
0566
0638
0523
0626
R024
0456
0403
R025
0479
0624
0680
0526
R038
0658
0497
0523
0576
0522
R015
                                         261

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            PATENT INDEX

PATENT                  CITATION NO.
US Patent

4,046,691                   0400
4,054,525                   0418
4,056,472                   0417
4,065,923                   0391
4,068,478                   0390
4,076,083                   0477
4,078,513                   0398
4,084,380                   0394
4,085,049                   0409
4,102,789                   0382
4,104,884                   0392
4,105,553                   0666
4,105,554                   0412
4,112,689                   0383
4,114,552                   0393
4,123,354                   0671
4,123,911                   0384
                 262

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                             APPENDIX A

                        Periodicals Reviewed
Abstracts on Health  Effects of Environmental Pollutants
Alternatives:   Perspectives on Society and Environment
Ambio
American Fisheries Society Transactions
Analytical Chemistry
Applied Ecology Abstracts
Applied Energy
Applied Microbiology
Applied Science &  Technology Index
Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts
Audubon
Australian Science Index
Berichte der Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Remission fuer
     Meeresforschung
Bibliography and Index of Geology
Biological Abstracts
Bioresearch  Index
Bioscience
British Birds
British Library. Lending Division. Index of Conference
     Proceedings Received
Bulletin of  Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
Bulletin of  Marine Science
Catalyst for Environmental Quality
Chemical Abstracts
Chemical and Engineering News
Chemical Engineering
Chemical Engineering Progress
Chemical Week
Chemistry in Canada
Chemosphere
Coastal Engineering
Coastal Zone Management Journal
Conservation News
Current Contents:  Life Sciences
Current Contents:  Physical and Chemical Sciences
Deep-Sea Research/Oceanographic Bibliography
Ecological Abstracts
Ecological Modelling
The Ecologist
Ecology Law  Quarterly
Effluent & Water Treatment Journal
Energy Information Abstracts
Energy Review
                                 263

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The Engineering Index Monthly
Environment
Environment Abstracts
Environment Reporter
Environmental Action
Environmental Conservation
Environmental Geology
Environmental Health and  Pollution  Control
Environmental Management
Environmental Periodicals Bibliography
Environmental Pollution
Environmental Research
Environmental Science & Technology
Environmental Technology  and Economics
EPA Environmental News
EPA Reports Bibliography  Quarterly
ERDA Energy Research Abstracts
Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science
Fuel Abstracts and  Current  Titles
Geochimica et Cosmochimica  Acta
Government Reports  Announcements
Groundwater
Hydrocarbon Processing
India Journal of Environmental  Health
Industrial Wastes Information Bulletin
INTERDOK Directory  of Published  Proceedings
International Aerospace Abstracts
International Journal of  Ecology and Environmental Science
International Journal of  Environmental Analytical Chemistry
International Journal of  Environmental Studies
International Petroleum Abstracts
Iranian Journal of  Science  and  Technology
The Journal of Applied Ecology
Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology
Journal of Chromatography
Journal of Environmental  Science and Health, Part A
Journal of Environmental  Sciences
Journal of the Institute  of Water  Pollution Control
Journal of Petroleum Technology
Journal of the Fisheries  Research  Board of Canada
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
Limnology and Oceanography
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Journal
Marine Biology
Marine Chemistry
Marine Geology
Marine Geotechnology
Marine Policy
Marine Pollution Bulletin
Marine Pollution Research Titles
Marine Science Contents Tables
Marine Technology
Marine Technology Society,  Journal
Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts
Microbial Ecology
National Fisherman

-------
National Research Council, News Report
National Wildlife
Nature
New Technical Books
Nippon Susan Gakkai Shi. Bulletin of the Japanese  Society of
     Scientific Fisheries
Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center Monthly Reports
Ocean Engineering
Ocean Industry
Ocean Management
Oceanic Abstracts
Oceanographic Abstracts and Bibliography
Oceanus
Offshore
Oil and Gas Journal
Oil Spill Intelligence Report
Outdoor California
Pacific Oil World
Petroleum Abstracts
Petroleum Engineer International
Petroleum Today
Pollution Abstracts
Pollution Engineering
Proceedings in Print
Progress in Water Technology
Rapports et Proces Verbaux
Resources
Resource Recovery and Conservation
Royal Society of London, Proceedings, Series B, Biological
     Sciences
Science
The Sciences
Science News
Science of the Total Environment
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Scientific Meetings
Sea Frontiers
Sea Secrets
Sea Technology
Selected Water Resources Abstracts
Shore and Beach
Spill Technology Newsletter
Summaries of Foreign Government Environmental Reports
Tanker Advisory Center Newsletter
Technical Book Review Index
Technology Review
Toxicity Bibliography
UDS Water Quality Control Digest
Underwater Information Bulletin
Underwater Naturalist
Waste Materials Biodegradation Research Titles
Water, Air and Soil Pollution
Water & Pollution Control
Water & Wastes Engineering
Water Pollution Control Federation, Journal
Water Research
Western Fisheries               265

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                            APPENDIX B
          OIL POLLUTION ABSTRACTS—AVAILABILITY LISTING
     OPA -current title:
     OPR  -former title:
     OSOPR-former title:
                   OIL POLLUTION ABSTRACTS
                   OIL POLLUTION REPORTS
                   OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS
TITLE  REPORT PERIOD
OSOPR
OSOPR
OSOPR
OSOPR
OSOPR

OSOPR
OSOPR
OSOPR
OSOPR

OSOPR
OSOPR
OSOPR
OSOPR

OSOPR
OPR
OPR
OPR
Jul 74-Oct 74
Nov 74-Feb 75
Feb 75-Apr 75
May 75-Jul 75
Aug 75-Oct 75

Nov 75-Jan 76
Feb 76-Apr 76
May 76-Jul 76
Aug 76-Oct 76

Nov 76-Jan 77
Feb 77-Apr 77
May 77-Jul 77
Aug 77-Oct 77

Vol. 5, No. 1
Nov 77-Jan 78
       EPA
ACCESSION NUMBER

EPA 670/2-75-003
EPA 670/2-75-044
EPA 670/2-75-059
EPA 600/2-76-129
EPA 600/2-76-113

EPA 600/2-76-185
EPA 600/2-76-215
EPA 600/2-76-266
EPA 600/2-77-037

EPA 600/2-77-075
EPA 600/2-77-111
EPA 600/2-77-243
EPA 600/2-78-005

EPA 600/2-78-071
Vol. 5, No. 2  EPA 600/7-78-160
Feb 78-May 78

Vol. 5, No. 3  EPA 600/7-78-218
Jun 78-Sep 78

Vol. 5, No. 4  EPA 600/7-79-040
Oct 78-Dec 78
OPA    Vol. 6, No. 1   (Submitted 4/79)
       Jan 79-Mar 79

OPA    Vol. 6, No. 2   (Submitted 7/79)
       Apr 79-Jun 79
                                     NTIS
                                 ORDER NUMBER
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
PB
240-719
242-542
243-724
258-852
258-745
257-886
259-932
264-870
267-266
268-248
272-689
276-691
281-114
281-671
287-071
290-227
293-315
_

$ 9
10
9
12
11
12
11
12
11
11
12
13
11
9
10
11
9


.25
.75
.50
.00
.75
.50
.75
.50
.75
.75
.50
.00
.00
.25
.75
.75
.25


                                                       PRICE  PAGES
206
261
235
315
299

353
308
345
307

294
326
375
280

190
                                                               242
                                                               294
                                                               189
These documents are available to the public  through the National
Technical Information Service (NTIS),  U.S. Department of
Commerce, Springfield, VA  22161, USA.   Prices  listed include
postage and handling fees for North American users.  Foreign
users should contact NTIS for current  price,  postage, and
handling information.  NTIS requests prepayment for each order
and will add a $5.00 service fee for each order not accompanied
by payment.  Telephone orders are accepted at (703) 557-4650.

                                 266

-------
                                   TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
                            (Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
 1. REPORT NO.
                              2.
   EPA-600/7-79-254
                                                           3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
                OIL POLLUTION  ABSTRACTS
          Vol. 6, No. 2  (April  1979 - June 1979)
            5. REPORT DATE
              December  1979  issuing date
            6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
 7. AUTHOR(S)
           Helmut Ehrenspeck,  Barbara Searles,
           Katherine Osteryoung,  & David Bonvouloir
                                                           8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS

  MARINE SCIENCE INSTITUTE
  University of California
  Santa Barbara, California   93106
                                                            10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
                    1NE623
             11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.

                    R805803
 12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
   Industrial  Environmental  Research Lab.-Cincinnati
   Office of Research & Development
   U.S.  Environmental Protection  Agency
   Cincinnati. Ohio
             13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
                Quarterly, April 79-June  79
             14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
                EPA/600/12
 15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
 16. ABSTRACT

  OIL  POLLUTION ABSTRACTS  (formerly entitled OIL POLLUTION  REPORTS)  is a quarterly
  compilation of current  literature and research project  summaries.   Comprehensive
  coverage  of oil pollution  and  its prevention and control  is  provided, with emphasis
  on the aquatic environment.  This issue contains bibliographic citations with
  abstracts of scientific  and  technical publications and  patents covering the years
  1976 to 1979.  The literature  and research entries are  arranged in eight major
  categories comprised of  thirty-seven specific sub-categories.   A permuted Subject
  Keyword Index provides access  to every entry, and author  and patent indexes are
  included.  This report is  submitted in partial fulfillment of EPA Grant No.
  R-805803-Ol by the Marine  Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara,
  under the sponsorship of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
17.
                                KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
                  DESCRIPTORS
                                              b.!DENTIFlERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS  C. COSATI Field/Group
  Abstracts
  Bibliographies
  Research
  Patents
  Subject  indexes
Oil pollution
Oil spill events
Oil spill research
Oil pollution  control
Oil pollution  patents
13B
 8. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
  RELEASE  TO  PUBLIC
                                              19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport)
                                               UNCLASSIFIED	
                          21. NO. OF PAGES
                                281
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EPA Form 222O-1 (9-73)
                                            267
                                                                   >US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1980-657-146/5522

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