EPA/AA/CTAB/TA/8 4-3
Technical Report
Low Mileage Catalyst Evaluation
'with a Methanol-Fueled Rabbit
-Second Interim Report
by
Robert D. Wagner
Larry C. Landman
June, 1984
NOTICE
Technical Reports do not necessarily represent final EPA
decisions or positions. They are intended to present tech-
nical analysis of issues using data which are currently
available. The purpose in the release of such reports is
to facilitate the exchange of technical information and to
inform the public of technical developments which may form
the basis for a final EPA decision, position or regulatory
action.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air, Noise and Radiation
Office of Mobile Sources
Emission Control Technology Division
Control Technology and Applications Branch
2565 Plymouth Road
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
-------
EPA/AA/CTAB/TA/84-3
Technical Report
Low Mileage Catalyst Evaluation
with a Methanol-Fueled Rabbit
-Second Interim Report
by
Robert D. Wagner
Larry C. Landman
June, 1984
NOTICE
Technical Reports do not necessarily represent final EPA
decisions or positions. They are intended to present tech-
nical analysis of issues using data which are currently
available. The purpose in the release of such reports is
to facilitate the exchange of technical information and to
inform the public of technical developments which may form
the basis for a final EPA decision, position or regulatory
action.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Air, Noise and Radiation
Office of Mobile Sources
Emission Control Technology Division
Control Technology and Applications Branch
2565 Plymouth Road
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
-------
-2-
Background
The use of pure methanol as an automotive fuel could allow the
use of less expensive exhaust catalysts. Two important bene-
fits are expected from the use of methanol compared to unleaded
gasoline. The benefits are reduced levels of catalyst poisons,
such as lead and sulfur, and reduced exhaust gas temperatures
at the catalyst inlet. Both major mechanisms of catalyst de-
activation, poisoning and thermal degradation, could be less of
a problem with methanol.
The purpose of this program is to evaluate various exhaust
catalysts at low mileage on a pure methanol-fueled Volkswagen
Rabbit. HC, CO, NOx, formaldehyde, and methanol exhaust
emissions are measured. Two catalyst formulations have been
identified for durability testing, and durability mileage
accumulation has begun using those two formulations. Other
formulations may be identified for durability evaluation.
Catalyst formulations that are selected for durability testing
should cost no more, and preferably less, than the original
catalyst on the vehicle.
All candidate catalysts should provide the capability to meet
the 0.41 HC and 3.4 CO levels at low mileage with substantial
margins of safety. Additionally, 3-way catalysts should pro-
vide emissions well below the 1.0 NOx level.
Two catalysts have been tested in this project since the
previous report was published. Data from all previously tested
catalysts are also included in this report.
-------
-3-
Conclusions
1. Typical 3-way catalysts, like those now used with
gasoline-fueled vehicles, contain platinum with rhodium.
Both platinum and rhodium are noble metals. These
catalysts worked very well on the methanol-fueled Rabbit as
3-way catalysts and as oxidizing catalysts.
2. Noble metal catalysts which contain platinum with palladium
are typical of oxidizing catalysts that are currently being
used for gasoline-fueled vehicles. This type of catalyst
functioned very well on methanol as an oxidizing catalyst
and also as a 3-way catalyst.
3. Catalysts which contain only palladium have also functioned
well as 3-way and oxidizing catalysts. NOx conversion at
stoichiometry was surprisingly high.
4. With noble metal catalysts, CO is generally reduced as the
exhaust oxygen goes from stoichiometric levels to 3 or 5%.
NOx converstion is lost with the same changes in oxygen
level.
5. Catalysts which contain rhodium have been very effective
for formaldehyde control at all exhaust oxygen levels.
With other noble metal catalysts, conversion efficiency for
formaldehyde is reduced as exhaust oxygen increases.
6. Two all base metal catalysts were tested. They were both
pure copper mesh. The first copper mesh provided some HC
conversion over the highway cycle, but not much else. CO
control over the FTP was poor with the first catalyst, and
it provided little NOx control with stoichiometric exhaust
conditions. The second catalyst was an identical copper
-------
-4-
mesh which had been dipped in muriatic acid. The acid
dipped copper catalyst did provide better control of HC and
CO than the copper mesh catalyst, but it provided poorer
aldehyde control.
Two catalysts have been tested which include both base and
noble metals. The identity of the base metals are not
known by EPA. The noble metal is palladium. The first
combination of metals provided no significant emissions
benefit in comparison to catalyst with no base metals that
use of similar amounts of palladium in this study. The
second combination of metals appears more promising,
pending evaluation of the aldehyde data. The noble metal
loading of the second catalyst is very low.
Several catalysts have been identified as good candidates
for vehicle durability testing. All of these catalysts
contain noble metals. Two catalysts have been started on
durability mileage accumulation. They are 1) platinum and
palladium in a ratio of 3:2 at 20 grams/cubic foot total
noble metal loading, and 2) all palladium at a loading of
20 grams/cubic foot. Both monolithic catalyst substrates
are 400 cells per square inch with a wall thickness of 6
mils.
-------
-5-
Future Effort
The results which have been obtained so far will be provided to
the vehicle and catalyst manufacturers who have assisted us in
this program. we will request their advice on the following
subjects:
how to improve the emissions control capability of prev-
iously tested and poorly performing catalysts/
which additional catalysts should be tested at low mileage,
how to further reduce the cost of durability-candidate
catalysts, and
how to improve the durability emissions performance of
those catalysts which performed well in our low mileage
testing.
We plan to evaluate the following catalysts at low mileage as
the program continues:
Copper oxide
Rhodium (with a loading of 5 g/ft )
- Palladium/Rhodium (with a loading of 10 g/ft and a
ratio of Pd:Rh of 5:1)
Cerium (Ce) only
Based on our testing tnrough April 20, 1984, it appears as
though we may need to retain some rhodium for achieving the
lowest possible aldehyde levels. As such, new catalyst
candidates will also include platinum/rhodium and
palladium/rhodium catalysts in the 5-10 gram/cubic foot range,
with even less rhodium content.
-------
-6-
Test Vehicle Description
The test vehicle is a 1981 model year Volkswagen Rabbit. It
was modified by Volkswagen to operate on methanol plus 5.5%
isopentane. It is a 4-door sedan equipped with air condition-
ing* a 3-speed automatic transmission, and a 1.6 liter engine.
The compression ratio of the engine is 12.5:1. Maximum power
output is about 88 horsepower at 5600 RPM [1]*. The tire size
is 155 SR 13. The tires are Michelin XZX radials. It was
tested at 2250 pounds inertia weight and 7.3 actual dynamometer
horsepower.
The emission control system, as equipped by Volkswagen, in-
cludes feedback controlled, continuous fuel injection
(K-Jetronic) and a three-way catalyst. The catalyst provided
by VW was 4.0 inches in diameter and 6.0 inches long. It
contained platinum (Pt) and rhodium (Rh) in a ratio of 5:1 at a
loading of 40 g/ft . The vehicle is described in more detail
in Appendix 1, which was taken from a Volkswagen emission
control status report [2] to EPA.
The emission control system was modified by EPA to include a
pump-type air injection system. The air was injected into the
exhaust at a location about a foot downstream from the oxygen
sensor. A manually adjustable valve was installed in the line
between the diverter valve and the exhaust inlet. This valve
allowed us to vary oxygen concentration into the catalyst while
operating the engine in the closed loop mode.
Testing of catalysts on a second vehicle, a methanol-fueled
Toyota Cressida, was begun in January 1984 as part of a program
to evaluate catalyst durability. This durability program is
^Numbers in brackets are references listed at the end of this
report.
-------
-7-
being conducted in cooperation with the California Energy
Commission, Ford Motor Company, and Toyota Motor Company.
Durability catalysts were tested at EPA at zero miles on a
methanol-fueled Toyota. The catalysts have been shipped to
California where they will be run for about 10,000 miles on
methanol-fueled Escorts. After mileage is accumulated, the
catalysts will be shipped back to EPA for additional testing on
the Toyota. The initial low mileage data generated in that
program are included in Appendix 8.
Test Sequence, Instrumentation, and Fuel
The initial plan included testing of the vehicle and each
catalyst over the following sequence:
1975 Federal Test Procedure
Highway Test Procedure
20 mph steady state
30 mph steady state
40 mph steady state.
The sequence was repeated twice for each catalyst at each of
three exhaust oxygen levels. The higher two of the three
exhaust oxygen levels were measured at the catalyst inlet using
a Sun oxygen analyzer and were obtained at 30 miles per hour
steady state. The three oxygen levels were stoichiometry (or
near 0%), 3%, and 5%. The air pump was used to provide the 3%
and 5% oxygen levels. By testing at different exhaust oxygen
levels, we could evaluate each catalyst as a 3-way catalyst and
also as an oxidation catalyst.
-------
-8-
As the project proceeded, idle and a 10 mph steady state test
points were added to the sequence and the 40 mph steady state
test point was deleted. Idle was later deleted. HC, CO, NOx,
MPG, methanol, methane, and aldehydes were initially measured
over each test in the sequence. Measurement for aldehydes was
deleted during steady states in the more recent testing.
Measurement for methanol was deleted tor all testing as the
program progressed.
Exhaust HC emissions, as reported here, were measured with a
flame ionization detector (FID) from Beckman (model 400). No
corrections in the results were made for either the FID re-
sponse to methanol or the difference in HC composition with
methanol as the fuel. NOx emissions were measured with a
chemiluminescent NO/NOx analyzer from Beckman (model 951A). CO
was measured with infrared analyzers from MSA and Bendix.
Methane was measured with a gas chromatograph (Bendix 8205
methane analyzer). Aldehydes were measured by high pressure
liquid chromatography (HPLC) and are reported as formaldehyde.
See Appendix 2 for more details. Gaseous methanol was measured
by a gas chromatograph (a Perkins-Elmer model 3920 or Hewlett
Packard model 5880A).
The test fuel which has been used is pure methanol. Five
batches of the fuel have been used, and one has been analyzed.
Tne fuel analysis is presented in Appendix 3.
FTP Test Results
The Rabbit has been tested with a total of eleven different
catalysts. Those catalysts are described in Table 1. In Table
1, the catalysts have been referred to by an an Abbreviated
Catalyst Code. The original catalyst on the vehicle contained
platinum and rhodium in 5:1 ratio at a loading of 40 grams per
-------
-9-
Bable 1
Catalysts Tested to Date
Abbreviated
Catalyst
Code
CPSI
and
twall
[I/in2]
[mils]
Substrate
Size
[Diameter
and
Length]
Substrate
\tolume
[in3]
Noble
Metals
Ratio Load
[g/ft3]
Major
Base
Metals
5 Pt: Hn(40) 300,10.5 4.0* x 6.0"L 75
5Pt:JJRh 40
12 Pt: Rh(40) 400,6 4.0" x 6.0"L 75
12 Pt: Wh(40)* 400,6 3.i8" x 6.68" 110
x 6.0"L
3 Pt: 2 Pd(20) 400,6 4.0" x 6.0"L 75
12Pt:lBh 40
12Pt:lRh 40
3Pt:2Pd 20
Pd (40)
400,6 4.0" x 6.0"L 75
Pd
40
Pd + an (35) 400,6 4.0" x 6.0"L 75
Pd
35
Proprietary
transition
elements
Cu
N/A
4.25" x 12.0"L 170
None
Copper mesh
(1919 grams)
Pd (20)
400,6
4.0" x 6.0"L 75
Pd
20
Ag (150)
400,6 4.0" x 6.0"L 75
Ag
150
CU after
acid dip
Pd-tfiM (5)
N/A 4.25" x 12.0"L 170 None
400,6 4.0" x 6.0"L 75 Pd
Acid dipped
copper mesh
(1910 grams)
Proprietary
*0his catalyst is a "racetrack" in cross section. All other catalysts are circu-
lar in cross section.
-------
-10-
cubic foot of substrate volume. As an example of the
Abbreviated Catalyst Code, this catalyst has been referred to
as catalyst 5Pt:Rh(40). Also, the vehicle has been periodical-
ly tested with no catalyst to assure that major changes in
emissions without a catalyst have not occurred over the
duration of the test program. The vehicle emissions with no
catalyst as a function vehicle odometer reading are shown in
Figures 1 and 2. There was an oxygen sensor change to the
emission control system which may have resulted in a slight
shift in FTP emissions at about 6,300 miles; however, HC, CO,
and NOx emissions have been reasonably stable over the test
program to date.
Aldehyde emissions were not as stable as desired. The cause of
variablity in the aldehyde emissions is being investigated. We
know the column was changed in the liquid chromatograph (to a
nominally identical column) just prior to generating the value
of about 130 mg/mi in Figure 2. The impact of the column
change on the results is unknown. It is possible that the
aldehyde emissions are of such a small magnitude that we may
not be able to get rid of the variability with this particular
vehicle and test equipment.
All catalysts in the group are of identical volume except for
the 12Pt:Rh(40)* catalyst and the two Cu catalysts. The
12Pt:Rh(40)* catalyst is a sample of 110 in3. Initially we
planned to test all samples in two volumes; however, the
smaller noble metal samples were so active that increased
catalyst volume would likely be able to provide little improve-
ment in low mileage conversion efficiency. If durability
testing is unsuccessful, then larger catalyst volumes may be
one of several possible paths to take in an attempt to improve
durability performance.
-------
-li-
ne, i
EMISSIONS WITHOUT CATALYST
0%02
10
I e-l
2-
0 HC
A CO
+ NOX
A^
. j..
««
3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
ODOMETER MILE
390
FIG. 2
WITHOUT CATALYST
0%02
3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
ODOMETER MILE
-------
-12-
All catalysts used in the program were zero mile catalysts ex-
cept for the original catalyst on the vehicle. Assuming this
catalyst had been on the vehicle since manufacture, it had ac-
cumulated less than 3,000 miles prior to testing at EPA.
Tailpipe emissions from this vehicle with no catalyst at stoi-
chiometric operating conditions averaged 0.98 HC, 7.27 CO, 2.00
NOx. These simultaneous CO and NOx levels are low for a
gasoline-fueled engine operating at stoichiometry with no EGR,
even in a 2250 Ib vehicle.
Tables 2 and 3 present summaries of the FTP results which were
obtained at each exhaust oxygen level. Non-methane HC results
are nearly identical to total HC results at all three oxygen
levels with and without catalysts. (See Appendix 5.) This
indicates that there is virtually no methane in the exhaust.
Average FTP HC and CO emssions are below levels of 0.2 HC, 2.0
CO at all oxygen levels for all catalysts except the silver
(Ag), both copper (Cu), and the first of two mixed metal (Pd +
BM(35) ) catalysts.
Aldehyde emissions were affected much like HC emissions by the
catalysts. As shown in Figure 3 all the noble metal catalysts
showed reductions in aldehydes. Aldehyde levels generally
increased as exhaust oxygen level increased. Emissions of HC,
CO, NOx, and aldehydes with each catalyst are shown as
functions of exhaust oxygen level in Figures 4 through 14.
Individual emission test results are presented in Appendix 4.
Additional statistics, including standard deviations that cor-
respond to the the mean values in Tables 2 and 3 are shown in
Appendix 5. A listing of unscheduled vehicle maintenance is
provided in Appendix 6.
-------
-13-
Table 2
Summary of FTP Emissions at Different Oxygen Levels
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pd(40)
Ed + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag (150)
None, Insulated
Exhaust**
Cu, Acid
Dipped**
Fd + BM(5)**
H
0%
.98
.15
.11
.13
.15
.17
.28
.90
.18
.54
1.27
.79
.19
C (g/tai
3%
.92
.14
.12
.13
.16
.14
.28
.90
.15
.43
N/A
.93
.18
)
5%
.90
N/A
.12
13
.19
.16
.37
.87
.13
.59
N/A
N/A
.22
Aide
0%
228.3
20.3
11.6
11.4
29.5
41.5
118.8
291.9
41.0
59.3
N/A
425.8
N/A
hydes (i
^JKyyen
3%
247.0
15.4
15.6
14.4
72.9
68.0
129.4
322.3
94.2
52.0
N/A
460.7
N/A
mg/mi)
5%
206.9
N/A
21.0
20.8
117.4
141.9
279.5
313.9
104.0
87.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
Met
0%
2.18
.21
.33
.82
N/A
.35
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
ihanol (
"""uxyyen
3%
2.08
.59
.31
N/A
.28
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
;g>i)
5%
2.46
N/A
.32
N/A
.36
N/A -s ':
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**with insulation of the exhaust
-------
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pd(40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag (150)
None, Insulated Exhaust**
Cu, Acid Dipped**
Pd + BM(5)**
0%
7.27
.78
.69
.77
1.47
1.99
2.85
7.52
1.84
6.53
8.40
5.88
1.21
vjxyger
3%
7.26
.60
.39
.40
.35
.38
2.05
7.29
.40
5.93
N/A
6.31
.55
5%
7.51
N/A
.40
.46
.40
.36
3.66
6.93
.31
7.01
N/A
N/A
.70
-14-
ISable 3
Summary of FTP Emissions at Different Oxygen Levels
CD (g/mi) NOx (g/tai)
-Oxygen
0% 3% 5%
2.00 2.09 2.09
.84 1.95 N/A
.62 2.01 2.10
.76 2.05 2.09
.85 2.07 2.03
.74 1.98 2.05
1.97 1.95 1.94
1.88 1.82 1.82
.67 1.90 1.91
2.03 1.99 1.95
1.54 N/A N/A
1.76 1.99 N/A
.83 1.80 1.84
N/A means data are not available
"Racetrack, others are round
**with insulation of the exhaust
-------
-15-
Average FTP methanol emissions ranged from 0.21 to 0.82 gram
per mile at stoichiometric exhaust conditions and with
catalysts. At the 3 percent and 5 percent oxygen levels,
methanol emissions with the catalysts ranged from 0.28 to 0.59
gram per mile.
The catalysts which contain rhodium were expected to have sig-
nificant NOx activity when operated as 3-way catalysts. The
other, noble metal catalysts also had good NOx activity in these
low mileage tests. Based on the performance of vehicles fueled
with gasoline, this activity may not be retained over substan-
tial mileage accumulation with the catalysts not having rhod-
ium. As expected, none of the catalysts provided NOx activity
under oxidizing exhaust conditions.
Catalyst efficiencies were calculated for each catalyst at each
exhaust oxygen level. The results of these calculations are
presented in Tables 4 and 5. Catalyst efficiency as used here
is defined as average tailpipe emissions with no catalyst minus
average tailpipe emissions with a catalyst, the difference
divided by average tailpipe emissions with no catalyst.
HC efficiencies are greater than or equal to 79% for the noble
metal catalysts, except silver, at all exhaust oxygen con-
ditions. HC efficiency was not changed much by oxygen level.
CO efficiencies exceed 73 percent for all noble metal
catalysts, except silver, at all oxygen conditions. CO
efficiency improved at oxygen levels greater than stoichiometry.
-------
-16-
FIGURE 3. Comparison of Aldehyde Emissions
by Oxygen Level for Each Catalyst
JJ 100
u,
(U
a
CO
6
(0
IH
^ 1°
*
i /
! Jl
:
*
k :
^ Q C
* H
9 I *
O ;
i i
! A
;
c
/
>
4
i
-\
I
, $
s <
;
^
^ 2
4
§ i
?
,
1 i
?.v.v.v.7.v.v.v:.
k i
JV..'.".l.Z.V
S :
;
:'
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: N
A
4
£
M?
?...... C
f
f
x /
I (
i
*
9
d
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4
;
i
Catalyst
FIG 4: CAT NO. STOCK
5PT:Rh(40)
Legend
A 0/5 02
O 3/5 02
O 55502
M"
6
-.
-16
Legend
0 ALOY
"8 A HC
+ CO
X NOx
-0
I
02%
-------
-17-
-1
FIG 5: CAT NO. #01
12PT:Rh(40)
1
6
2
^0
>"^
§
o
0
o
33
9-
8-
7-
6-
5-
4-
3-
2-
l-
0
O
o
o
o
0 o
0 XX
* * *
A A A
-M4
00
a
-24 >>
9
*""j
-16
O
a
0 A
X
ft
2 3
02%
Legend
CO
-i
FIG 6: CAT NO. #02
12PT:Rh(40)*
^_^
!
6
2
>-^
X
0
z
8
W
9-
8-
7-
6-
5-
4-
3-
2-
t .
i
O
9
o o
O
X X
*
A I A
-32 -3
i
B
-24 >*
J
^5
-16
L
O
a
A
^.
X
n
2 3
02%
Legend
ALOY
HC
CO
-------
-18-
-1
FIG 7: CAT NO. #03
3PT:2Pd(20)
1
a
<0
^
o
z
<ww
-160 -3
i
8
-120 >*
"^
-80
Legend
0 ALOY
-40 A HC
-f CO
X NOx
n
2 3
02%
-1
FIG 8: CAT NO. #04
Pd(40)
-
3
<5
-80
L(
0 i
-40 Ah
+ (
X t<
n
2345
02%
Legend
-------
-19-
-l
FIG 9: CAT NO. #05
Pd + BM(35)
^
g
^w*
8
2
X
o
sz:
o
o
{_)
K
9-
8-
7-
6-
5-
4-
3-
2-
1-
O
0
o
1
f o
x i x
A A A
-«uu
-320 -g
^d
V
a
-240^
5
-160
Legend
O ALOY
"fl0 A HC
+ CO
X NOx
n
23
02%
-1
FIG 10: CAT NO. #06
Cu
1
BJ*
8
(d
>59
x
o
2
8
O
K
9-
8-
7-
6-
5-
4-
3-
2-
1-
, ° »
+ ±
^
O *
X XX
A A A
-«wu
-320 .~
00
a
-240 *M
Q
^
-160
Legend
0 ALOY
-80 A HC
+ CO
X NOx
n
2 3
02%
-------
-20-
-l
FIG 11: CAT NO. #07
Pd(20)
10-
9-
<3* 8-
1,-
a
2 6-
^ 5-
§
* *'
8 3-
O
K z-
i-
8
o
o
ft * x
X
A * *
-6MV
""I
00
a
-120 >*
i
-80
Legend
0 ALOY
-40 A HC
+ CO
X NOx
n
2 3
02%
-i
FIG 12: CAT NO. #08
Ag
^
1
>
a
2
X
0
2
8
o
K
9-
8-
7-
6-
5-
4-
3-
2-
1-
t.
+
O
O
8 ° °
0
0
« § M
A A A
-cviu
-160 -g
^B
oo
a
-120 ^
3
-80
Legend
O ALDY
*0 A ur
A HC
+ CO
X NOx
n
2 3
02%
-------
-21-
FIG 13: CAT NO. #09
Cu - Acid Dipped
^.
1
>
6
2
X
o
«*
o
o
o*
PC
9-
8-
7-
6-
5-
4-
3-
2-
1-
O
8
Q O
2
J
x x
ft A
-ouu
-480 -
>s
IV
8
-360JM
3
-240
Legend
0 ALDY
-120 A HC
+ CO
X NOx
n
-1012345
02%
-i
FIG 14: CAT NO. #10
Pd + BM(5)
0
>
a
2
3
X
o
z
o
o
U
PC
9-
8-
7-
6-
5-
4-
3-
2-
1-
» X
$
x ^ +
A A A
2 3
02%
Legend
A HC
+ CO
X NOx
-------
-22-
Table 4
CATALYST EFFICIENCY (%)
at Different CKygen Levels
Catalyst
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Bh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
3Pt:2W(20)
Pd(40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(150)
Cu, Acid Dipped**
Pd + BM(5)**
HC E
0%
85
89
87
85
83
71
8
82
45
38
85
fficienc
Oxygen
3%
85
87
86
83
85
70
2
84
53
_]_***
80***
y
5%
N/A
87
86
79
82
59
3
86
34
N/A
76***
Aldehydes
0% 3%
91
95
95
87
82
48
-28
82
74
N/A
N/A
94
94
94
71
72
48
-30
62
79
-87***
N/A
5%
N/A
90
90
43
31
-35
-52
50
58
N/A
N/A
1
0%
91
85
62
N/A
84
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
ytethano:
-Cxygen
3%
72
85
N/A
87
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
L
5%
N/A
87
N/A
85
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**With exhaust insulation
***Efficiency is based on no catalyst emissions without exhaust insulation
-------
-23-
Table 5
CATALYST EFFICIENCY (%)
at Different Cbcygen Levels
00 Efficiency
Catalyst
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh<40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pa (40)
Pet + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(150)
Cu, Acid Dipped**
Pd + BM(5)**
0%
89
91
89
80
73
61
-3
75
10
30
86
3%
92
95
94
95
95
72
-1
94
18
13***
92***
5%
N/A
95
94
95
95
51
8
96
7
N/A
91*<
NQx Efficiency
0%
58
69
62
58
63
2
6
66
-2
14
46
3%
7
4
2
1
5
7
13
9
5
5***
2_4***
5%
N/A
0
0
3
2
7
13
9
7
tyA
12*<
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**With exhaust insulation
***Ef f iciency is based on no catalyst emissions without exhaust insulation
-------
-24-
The lowest NOx efficiency for these catalysts (again excluding
silver) is 59 percent at stoichometry. Low or zero NOx
efficiency is achieved during oxidizing conditions. Aldehyde
efficiencies decrease as oxygen level increases. Aldehyde
efficiency exceeds 64 percent for oxygen levels up to 3
percent. If rhodium is used in the catalyst, aldehyde
efficiency is 89% or higher at all oxygen levels.
The copper catalyst has little impact on any FTP emission. The
second copper catalyst is just slightly more active. The
increased activity may be the result of increased exhuast
temperature (with insulation) or the result of the acid dip.
The .silver catalyst has 74 percent aldehyde efficiency at 0
percent oxygen and has modest (45%) HC efficiencies.
The first palladium plus base metal (Pd + BM(35)) catalyst does
not exhibit the NOx efficiency of other Pd catalysts. Also, the
HC and CO efficiencies are poorer than for other catalysts which
contain Pd. Apparently the amount of palladium present was not
utilized as well in this catalyst as in the others. The second
palladium plus base metal (Pd + BM(5)) catalyst looks very
promising and may be a good candidate for later durability
testing.
-------
-25-
Evaporative Emissions
A secies of SHED tests measuring evaporative emissions were
performed in order to determine the effectiveness of activated
charcoal canisters in controlling the evaporative emissions of
methanol. The results of those tests are summarized in Table 6.
The first six SHED tests, performed on the car equipped with
its stock canister, results in average evaporative emissions of
1.74 grams per test. In order to determine the effectiveness
of the canister system, two additional SHED tests were per-
formed with the canister vent lines disconnected and vented to
the atmosphere. The results of those two tests averaged 1.73
grams per test. Those results seemed to indicate that the
original canister was not (at that time) effective in control-
ling evaporative emissions. Since that lack of effectiveness
might have resulted from the canister being saturated, ad-
ditional testing was performed with the car equipped with new
canisters. These tests also yielded results which were of the
same order of magnitude. Thus, it appears that the activated
charcoal canisters used in these tests are ineffective in con-
trolling evaporative emissions from this methanol-fueled
vehicle.
The flame ionization detector (FID) measurements in Table 6
were "corrected" to reflect the assumption that all the HC
detected was in the form of methanol (CH^OH), having a
molecular weight of 32.04243. No attempt was made to further
"correct" the table values to account for the fact not all the
methanol is being measured by the FID. The relative response
of the FID to methanol as compared to propane (the hydrocarbon
commonly used to calibrate the FID response) has been found to
range from 0.73 to 0.85 [3, 4, 5, 6],
-------
Test
Number
Test
Date
-26-
Table 6
Evaporative Emissions*
grams per test
Heat Hot
Build Soak Total
Comments
814597 07-08-82 1.0046 1.1030 2.1076 Stock canister (#1)
814678 07-09-82 0.6759 1.0740 1.7499
814677 07-13-82 0.6618 0.3795 1.0413
815125 07-30-82 0.8749 1.4208 2.2957
815163 08-03-82 0.6897 1.0062 1.6959
815208 08-04-82 0.6708 0.8638 1.5346
816706 10-27-82 0.7096 0.9141 1.6237 Canister vent lines
816731 10-28-82 1.0334 0.8125 1.8459 disconnected
817499 01-20-83 0.7571 0.7447 1.5018 New canister (#2)
818980 03-25-83 0.8120 0.8512 1.6632 Canister #1 reattached
818982 03-29-83 0.7250 1.0663 1.7913 New canister (#3)
818984 03-30-83 0.7674 0.9322 1.6997 Canister #2 reattached
818986 03-31-83 0.8133 0.8961 1.7094
818988 04-05-83 0.6585 0.7783 1.4368
818994 04-08-83 0.7167 0.9193 1.6360 Canister vent lines
disconnected
* FID data "corrected" by assuming all hydrocarbons detected
were raethanol, having a molecular weight of 32.04243.
-------
-27-
Highway Cycle Emissions
The noble metal catalysts, with the exception of silver, pro-
vide excellent HC and CO emissions over the highway test as
shown in Tables 7 and 8. HC emissions are .010 g/mi or less
under all oxygen conditions. CO emissions are also very low at
0.33 or less. As on the FTP, NOx is substantially reduced by
the noble metal catalysts, except silver, during stoichiometric
exhaust conditions.
The mixed metal catalysts performed well on the highway test.
With the Pd + BM (35) catalyst HC and CO were highest at
stoichiometry where they were .016 and 1.48 g/mi respectively.
Some NOx reduction was also seen. With the second mixed metal
catalyst, designated Pd + BM (5), HC was less than 0.02, and CO
was less than 0.2 for all oxygen levels.
The copper catalyst showed some HC activity over the highway
test. The HC activity increased as the exhaust oxygen level
increased. CO, aldehydes, and NOx emissions were not strongly
impacted by the copper catalyst. The silver catalyst has sub-
stantial HC and modest CO activity. Aldehyde emissions were
only measured at stoichiometry, and they were very low (less
than 3 mg/mi).
The copper and silver units have shown improved emission con-
trol capabilities over the highway cycle as compared to the
FTP. Apparently the lack of a cold start and/or the higher
catalyst inlet temperatures are making the catalysts more
active. The second copper mesh catalyst was tested with
Kaowool insulation on the exhaust manifold, exhaust pipe, and
catalyst can. This catalyst had substantially more activity
over the highway test than the previous copper catalyst,
possibly due to the higher temperatures or the acid dip.
-------
-28-
Table 7
Stannary of Highway Emissions at Different Oxygen Levels
Methanol (g/mi)
HC (g/tai)
Aldehydes (rag/mi)
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pa (40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pa (20)
Ag (150)
None, Insulated
Exhaust**
Cu, Acid Dipped**
Pa + BM(5)**
V,
0%
.434
.002
.003
.008
.007
.006
.016
.304
.009
.024
.403
.030
.007
Kygen--
3%
.407
N/A
.009
.009
.010
.008
.013
.200
.008
.019
N/A
.033
.012
5%
.398
N/A
.010
.010
.010
.009
.014
.150
.009
.023
N/A
N/A
.014
0%
146.5
.2
.5
1.2
1.0
.7
3.1
130.7
1.9
2.4
N/A
153.5
N/A
-unyyen
3%
159.7
N/A
1.2
2.0
1.7
1.8
3.0
137.2
2.7
1.9
N/A
99.8
N/A
5%
138.0
N/A
1.9
2.2
3.0
2.7
14.5
124.2
2.9
4.9
N/A
N/A
N/A
0%
.693
.004
.009
.034
N/A
.016
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
-vjxyyeu
3%
0.927
N/A
.004
.014
.014
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
5%
0.872
N/A
.006
.027
.009
N/A
N/A
N/A,
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A means data ace not available
*Facetrack, others are round
**With exhaust insulation
-------
-29-
Table 8
Summary of Highway Emissions at Different Oxygen Levels
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt.Rh(40)
12Pt.Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Bd(20)
Bd(40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag (150)
2.51
None, Insulated Exhaust**
Cu, Acid Dipped**
Pd + BM(5) **
a
0%
6.31
.11
.05
.06
.22
.33
1.48
6.91
.38
4.26
5.32
2.98
.17
) (g/foi)
3%
6.21
N/A
.005
.025
.006
.012
.046
6.42
.004
3.47
N/A
2.58
.003
5%
6.30
N/A
.002
.028
.004
.012
.416
6.18
.002
5.12
N/A
N/A
.006
NC
0%
2.69
.09
.61
.55
.64
.51
1.63
2.41
.35
2.74
2.27
2.18
.93
3x (g/taj
-yVst/VtAn
\JDQfgen
3%
2.81
N/A
2.73
2.84
2.77
2.65
2.60
2.28
2.54
2.64
N/A
2.55
2.65
L)
5%
2.84
N/A
2.78
2.80
2.78
2.72
2.64
2.21
2.61
2.51
N/A
N/A
2.64
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**with insulation of the exhaust
-------
-30-
Exhaust emissions over various steady state conditions were
also measured in our testing. These results, from idle to 30
mph, are summarized in Appendix 7.
Cost and Efficiency per Dollar Estimates
An estimate of the sticker cost of each catalyst in this study
has been generated using the methods of reference 7. Sticker
cost means the cost to the consumer of the catalyst as it is
reflected on the sticker of a new automobile at an automobile
dealership. The information in reference 7 has been updated to
use 77 percent of the current producer prices for noble metals
as stated in the May 13, 1983 edition of American Metal Market
- Metalworking News Edition and to account for inflation
between 1977 and 1983 at an estimated rate of ten percent per
year. We use 77 percent of producer price for noble metals to
account for what we estimate are the discounts to the
automobile manufacturers due to high volume, long term pur-
chases.
Each catalyst has been evaluated as an oxidizing and 3-way
catalyst on an "efficiency per dollar" basis. This means that
for an oxidizing catalyst, the previously calculated catalyst
efficiencies for HC, CO, and aldehydes over the FTP were summed
and then the total was divided by the estimated sticker cost.
The only difference in the calculation for 3-way catalysts is
that catalyst efficiency for NOx is added to the HC, CO, and
aldehyde efficiencies.
The results of these calculations are presented in Table 9.
The estimated sticker costs of the catalysts in our program
range from $58 to $150. The costs shown in Table 9 indicate
more accuracy in our cost estimates than we generally convey to
-------
Catalyst
-31-
Table 9
Sticker Cost and Efficiency per
Dollar of Each Catalyst
Sticker Percent Efficiency Per Dollar at
Cost 0% Oxygen 3% Oxygen 5% Oxygen
($)
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pd(40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(150)
Cuf Acid Dipped*** 58
Pd + BM(5) ***
111
110
150
75
72
70**
58
64
65
58
58**
3
3
2
4
4
3
0
5
2
-1
4****
2
3
2
3
4
3
-1
4
2
-1
3****
N/A
2
2
3
3
1
-1
4
2
N/A
3****
Canned substrate
only, no catalyst
56
N/A
N/A
N/A
* Racetrack, others are round
** Does not include the cost of base metals.
*** Tested with exhaust insulation; efficiency is based on no
catalyst emissions without insulation.
****Does not include catalyst efficiency for aldehydes.
(Aldehyde data are not yet available.)
-------
-32-
the reader. Normally we would round these costs off to the
nearest 5 or 10 dollars. In this case, rounding to the nearest
5 dollars would mask real cost differences in the catalysts and
would make non-identical catalysts appear to cost the same
amount.
Strictly on the basis of the efficiency per dollar calcula-
tions, durability selection for 3-way catalysts would be made
in the following order of decreasing interest:
Pd(20),
Pd(40),
3Pt:2Pd(20),
Pd + BM(5)
12Pt:Rh(40),
5Pt:Rh(40),
Pd + BM(35) ,
12Pt:Rh(40)*f
Ag(150),
Cu, and
Cu - Acid Dipped.
Additional considerations could be included, however, in the
selection of durability candidates. First, we must consider
that virtually all 3-way catalysts used for gasoline-fueled
vehicles contain rhodium. This indicates that rhodium is
likely needed for adequate NOx emission control at high
mileage. The second consideration is that durability testing
is so costly that we may want to test samples with the highest
probability of success, not the samples with least cost.
-------
-33-
The Pd + BM(5) catalyst might be a candidate for durability
testing depending on its (not yet determined) efficiency for
aldehydes. Durability testing with other samples is not
recommended. The samples designated Cu, Ag(150), 12Pt:Rh(40)*,
and Pd + BM were omitted on the basis of low efficiency per
dollar. The Pd(20) unit was omitted because it is like the
Pd(40) catalyst in all respects except that it contains only
half as much palladium.
For durability operation as oxidizing catalysts, efficiency per
dollar would dictate selections in this order:
at 3% Oxygen at 5 % Oxygen
Pd(20), Pd(20),
Pd(40), Pd(40),
3Pt:2Pd(20), 3Pt:2Pd(20),
Pd + BM(5) Pd + BM(5)
Pd + BM(35), 12Pt:Rh(40),
12Pt:Rh(40) ,
5Pt:Rh(40), 12Pt:Rh (40) *,
Ag(150), Ag(150),
12Pt:Rh(40)*, Pd + BM(35) , and
Cu, and Cu.
Cu - Acid Dipped.
The selections at 3 percent and 5 percent oxygen are in nearly
the same order. Except for the Pd + BM(35) catalyst and two
less catalysts to evaluate at 5% oxygen, the order is
practically the same.
-------
-34-
Since rhodium content has not been of importance in oxidizing
catalyst durability with gasoline-fueled vehicles, our recom-
mendations for durability evaluation of oxidizing catalysts
follow the efficiency per dollar calculations more closely.
For durability testing as oxidizing and 3-way catalysts we have
selected the following catalysts:
Pd(20) , and
3Pt:2Pd(20).
The Pd(40) sample was deleted since it is identical to the
Pd(20) sample except that it has twice as much palladium. Any
problems with emissions durability in theory should be more
apparent with the Pd(20) catalyst than with the Pd(40)
catalyst. As additional catalysts complete the low mileage
testing, additional catalysts may be identified for later
durability evaluation.
-------
-35-
Summary
Over the FTP:
Almost no methane is measured in the exhaust.
Excellent HC and CO control (less than 0.2 and 2.0 grams
per mile, respectively) is achieved with all the noble
metal catalysts, except silver, at all exhaust oxygen
levels.
All tne noble metal catalysts, except silver, achieve NOx
levels below 1.0 gram per mile at stoichiometry.
Catalysts which contain rhodium provide for formaldehyde
conversion efficiencies which are very high at all exhaust
oxygen levels.
The addition of the first combination of base metals to a
Pd catalyst did not improve catalyst performance; however,
the second combination of base metals did appear to improve
the catalyst performance.
CO and NOx control are both poor with both base metal
catalysts.
Over the highway cycle:
Exhaust emissions are generally much less than on the FTP
on a gram per mile basis, except for NOx emissions. Ex-
cluding emissions with the two copper catalysts (which are
the least active of all catalysts) and CO emissions with
the silver catalyst, little HC, CO, or aldehyde is emitted.
-------
-36-
Based on cost, catalyst efficiency, and other considerations,
several catalysts have been identified which merit durability
testing as 3-way and as oxidizing catalysts. Additional cata-
lysts will be evaluated and additional effort will be expended
to improve emissions from catalysts which have performed poorly
to date.
-------
-37-
References
1. H. Menrad, G. Decker, and K. Weidmann, "Alcohol Fuel Vehi-
cles of Volkswagen", SAE Paper No. 820968, August, 1982, pp
9-12.
2. Status Report of Volkswagenwerk AG Audi, NSU Auto Union AG
and Volkswagen of America, Inc., submitted to the Environ-
mental Protection Agency, May, 1981, Volume 1, Section VII.
3. D.L. Hilden and F.B. Parks, "A Single-Cylinder Engine Study
of Methanol Fuel - Emphasis on Organic Emissions," SAE
Paper No. 760378.
4. R. Bechtold and J.B. Pullman, "Driving Cycle Economy, Emis-
sions, and Photochemical Reactivity Using Alcohol Fuels and
Gasoline," SAE Paper No. 800260.
5. H. Menrad, W. Lee, and W. Bernhardt, "Development of a Pure
Methanol Fuel Car," SAE Paper No. 770790.
6. G.D. Ebersole and F.S. Manning, "Engine Performance and Ex-
haust Emissions: Methanol Versus Isooctane," SAE Paper No.
720692.
7. L.H. Lindgren, Cost Estimations for Emission Control
Related Components/Systems and Cost Methodology Descrip-
tion, EPA-460/3-78-002, March, 1978, pp 131-134 and pp
147-149.
8. R. Wagner and L. Landman, "Low Mileage Catalyst Evaluation
with a Methanol-fueled Rabbit - Interim Report," EPA Report
NO. EPA/AA/CTAB/TA/83-5, May 1983.
-------
APPENDIX 1
Vehicle Description
-------
ITEM
Riel System (Oontinuect)
o Riel Pump
Pump Life
Other
1-2
1980 PRODUCTION
Maximum holding
pressure
o Rael Filter
o Riel Distributor
System pressure
Calibration
Other
o Air sensor
o EUel Injectors
- Life of vehicle
- 2.5 Bar
4.6 - 4.8 bar
Optimized for gasoline
o Cold Start Injector
Quantity
Rinction
One
On for start only.
METHANOL VEHICLE
6 months to 1 year due
to corrosiveness of
Methanol.
improved insulation on
wiring exposed to fuel.
3.0 bar (due to fuel
difference) .
Bonding glue changed
for fuel compatibility.
One way check valve
deleted (Incompatable
with fuel).
12.G - 76*5~
- 5.0 - 5.3 bar
- Optimized for Methanol.
- Material changes for
fuel compatability.
- Modified airflow char-
teristics.
- Material change for
fuel compatability.
- Plastic screen replaced
by metal screen.
- TWO
- Cold start valves pulse
for 8 seconds oeyond
start mode, below zero
degrees centigrade.
-------
1-1
Appendix 1
Test Vehicle Description*
A. VEHICLE DESCRIPTION
1981 Volkswagen Rabbit "L" 4-Door Sedan - Model 177243
1VWF80175BV012728 Engr. Car f 1285
Automatic transmission, air conditioning, 155 80R13 tires, radio and cloth
interior. (A vehicle with Vinyl "leatherette" interior was not available at time
prototype was built. This may have a small influence on evaporative losses, but
this will be negligible once the "new car" background level deteriorates.)
B. DETAILED COMPARISON OF PRODUCTION VS. METHANOL POWERTRAIN AND FUEL SYSTEM
ITEM
1980 PRODUCTION
METHANOL VEHIO£
Basic Engine
o Type
o Displacement
o Bore
o Stroke
o Compression Ratio
o Valvetrain
o Rated Power
o Rated Torque
o Other
- 827
- 1.6 liter (1588cc)
- 3.13 inches
- 3.15 inches
- 8.2:1
- Overhead camshaft
- 76 HP SAG net @ 5500 RPM
- 82.7 Ft. Ibs. SAE net
@ 3200 RPM
Riel System - Bosch CIS EXiel Injection with
lambda feedback control.
827
1.6 liter (1588cc)
3.13 inches
3.15 inches
12.5:1 (new pistons)
Overhead camshaft
Not measured
Not measured
GTI basic engine
European high
performance engine to
withstand higher loads
* U.S. cylinder head.
Same as Production with
calibration for Methanol
operation.
*Heproduced from Reference 2.
-------
ITEM
EUel System (Continued)
Other
o fuel Injection Wiring
o Air Conditioner
Idle load Compensation
o Idle Setting
PCV
1-3
1980 PRODUCTION
Ignition distributor
vacuum advance controlled.
PCV Valve with calibrated
plunger and calibrated
orifice.
METHANOL VEHICLE
Calibration changed for
Methanol.
Material changed
fuel compatability.
for
Modified for cold start
pulse function and to
accomodate relays and
thermo switch.
- Uirottle body idle air
flow bypass system
controlled. (Same as
1982 Production)
- Specific to Methanol
calibration
- PCV valve with
calibrated plunger -
no orifice.
ICMITION
o Distributor
o Spark Plugs
OIL COOLING
Transistor high energy
with hall effect and
digital idle speed control
through spark advance.
Bosch W175T30
None
Slightly reduced maximum
centrifugal advance and
slightly modified vacuum
advance/retard char-
acteristics.
- Bosch W260T2-Colder
- Heat exchanged from
engine oil to cooling
water for high loads
only (e.g. trailer
oauling) not
anticipated to be
needed in normal
operation.
-------
1-4
TRANSMISSION - Automatic 3-Speed - Automatic 3-Speed (1981
Production Transmission)
o Torque Converter Ratio - 2.44 - 2.44
o Stall Speed - 1900-2200 RFM - 2000-2200 RPM
o Gear Ratios
1
2
3
Axle
FUEL TANK
o Material
o Coating - Terneplate - Phosphated . steel*
exterior painted
o Seams & Fittings - Soldered - Brazed
o Cap - - Non-locking - European neck and
locking cap
FUEL - Unleaded gasoline - Methanol with 5.5%
Isopentane
- 2.55
- 1.45
- 1.00
- 3.76
- Steel
- 2.55
- 1.45
- 1.00
- 3.57
- (European)
- Steel
-------
APPENDIX 2
Formaldehyde Measurement
-------
2-1
FCKMALCEHYEE MEASUREMENT IN VEHICLE EXHAUST
ATMVH,
Robert K. Gilkey
Measurement of exhaust formaldehyde at KVEL is performed using a DNPH (Dinitrophenyl-
hydrazine) technique adapted from that of L.A. Hull1. Exhaust carbonyls (including
formaldehyde) are reacted with DNPH solution forming hydrazone derivatives. The deriva-
tives are separated directly from the DNPH solution using a liquid chromatograph (LC).
Quantization is accomplished with a spectrophometer in the LC effluent stream driving an
integrator unit which determines peak height and/or area.
SAMPLING SYSTEM
Figure SI gives an overall view of the formal-
dehyde sampling system. Exhaust from the
vehicle is ducted to the constant volume
sampling (CVS) unit where it is quantitatively
diluted with room air. The formaldehyde system
draws off a small portion of the diluted exhaust
through a prote within the CVS unit. The
collection portion is attached directly to the
CVS unit to keep the plumbing as short as
possible. A flew measurement and control unit
is mounted to the wall at the left. The sample
pmrp is mounted to the floor under the flew unit
and is not visable.
Figure #2 is a schematic of the sampling
system. All of the solenoid valves are electri-
cally connected to the CVS bag sampling
switches. Activation of any one of these three
switches automatically selects a unique set of
iirpingers (bubblers) and isolates and vents the
other two sets. Isolation and venting are
required to prevent contamination of the CVS
unit or the sample lines.
FIQ 1
NCVS
WET TEST METERS
FIO 3
3V-80LENOIO VALVE
IMP-IMPINOBR
The sample system is constructed of stain-
less steel, teflon, and glass upstream of
the inpingers. This part of the system is
also maintained at 100°C. These precautions
help prevent loss of formaldehyde within the
system. Downstream of the iirpingers,
construction materials and high temperature
are not critical.
Two impingers are used in each set. Each is
filled with five ndlliliters (ml) of DNPH
solution and immersed in an ice bath during
test. Two concentrations of this solution
are used depending on the expected exhaust
formaldehyde concentration. 0.25 g/1 DKPH
is used for most catalyst tests while 0.50
g/1 DNPH is used for ncn catalyst tests.
The DKPH is dissolved is slightly acidic
acetonitrile (ACK).
1 L.A. Hull, "Procedures for 2, 4 - Dinitrophenylhydrazone Aldehyde-Keytone Air
Analysis". Internal EPA, FTP memo, 1981.
-------
2-2
Tests have shown that the efficiency of the first impinger is approximately 90% with two
liters per minute sample rate.
ANALYSIS PROCEDURE
Upon completion of vehicle testing, the iirpingers are removed from the sampling system and
refilled to 5 ml with ACN. Each iirpinger is permanently marked at 5 irl to facilitate this
operation which restores evaporation loss. Ihe solution is then transfered directly to a
glass vial with a teflon lined septum which is compatible with the LC autosaropler.
Separation of the carbonyl derivatives is cone using a Waters Associates M-6000A chroma-
tography puirp with a Varian Micro pak MCE-10 reversed phase 30 cm x 4 mm column. A
mixture of 65% ACN / 35% water is used as the carrier at a flow rate of 2 ml/minute. The
column feeds directly' into the primary absorbance cell of a Varian 635 UV-Visible
spectrophotometer set to 360 ran wavelength. Sample injection is made through a 10 ul loop.
An overall view of the analysis system is shown in figure $3. The system is
semi-automatic. (Baseline drift must be monitored and corrected during long runs to keep
the integrator from being driven out of its range.)
Quantification is done using peak-height
rather than area. Experiments indicate better
repeatablility and more consistent results
with this method. The Hewlett Packard 3390A
integrator permits reports in either
peak-height or area or both.
Standards are run prior to each group of test
vials to be analyzed. At least three are used
to bracket the expected concentrations and a
calibration curve is drawn. Generally this
curve is linear, though corrections are made
if it is not. (Non-linearity occurs when
vehicle test conditions produce concentration
differences greater than two orders of
magnitude.)
Analysis system sensitivity is noise limited
between +_ 0.2 and +0.8 ug/ml of formaldehyde
derivative. This translates roughly to 0.2 to
0.8 mg/mi for the FTP test and 0.05 to 0.25
teg/mi for the HKFE test. Repeatability is
approximately ± 5% or better.
FIG 3
Curing test sample analysis, the Dupont 834 Automatic Sampler sequences a flush vial and a
sample vial pair to the injection station. Every sample vial is injected twice. Each
sample is allowed to elute for four minutes before the next injection or pair is intro-
duced. The sampler will hold up to 47 pairs.
-------
2-3
The Hewlett Packard 3390A integrator is started upon Injection of the first sample vial
and allowed to run continuously until the last vial is finished. This unit generates a
continuous trace of the spectrophotometer output anotated with the apparent retention time
of each peak distinguished. A report is generated at the end of each run. This report
gives peak information keyed to the retention tine. The "formaldehyde" peaks are easily
separated from the others by their relation to the CMPB peak. The integrator will hold
information on over 1000 peaks which is adequate for very long runs. A typical vehicle
vial analysis report is shown in Figure 14. Two injections were made of the same vial.
The peaks at 2.38 and 6.46 minutes are foncaldehyde/CKPH derivative. Chreacted DNPH peaks
are at 1.91 and 6.00 minutes. (All three peaks preceding DNPH are tentively identified as
species of NOx.) (In this case the vehicle was methanol fueled and equipped with a
catalyst.) The total formaldehyde derivative concentration from the exhaust for this test
was calculated as 3.1 ug/tal.
STANEABDIZATTCN
IOT.U KCHT* ;
SUL MCTOR
KUN # 13
SEP/28/82 05:00:34
HliUJHrt
Kf
0.96
1.1U
1.64
1.91
2.38
3.29
4.03
4.44
4.69
5.96
5.19
5.73
6.00
6.46
6.76
HLiGtrr
181463
210276
860928
8132900
223822
48386
36025
24962
20429
151201
24649
876831
8201920
232878
20702
TOM
PV
D W
SP8
SP6
BP
W
VP
W
W
W
D W
SP2
SH
IBB
0 BP
AiVtfi'
0.838
U.122
0.099
0.133
0.116
0.447
0.199
0.170
0.105
0.091
0.101
0.103
0.132
0.119
0.095
HEIQfn
0.932
1.080
4.422
41.774
1.150
0.249
0.189
0.128
0.105
0.779
1.866
4.584
42.129
1.196
0.106
Standards are made by quantitative dilution
from crystaline fonnaldehyce/ENPH derivative.
This derivative (Formaldehyde 2, 4-Dini-
trophenylhydrazone) is produced by reacting
40% aqueous formaldehyde solution with a hot
saturated solution of 2, 4-DNPH in methanol.
A drop of HC1 is added and the derivative is
precipitated with water. The crystals are
filtered and recrystalized from a mixture of 3
parts methanol to 1 part water.
Prixnary liquid standards are made at 500 ug/tnl
and 200 ug/ml by dissolving the dried deriv-
ative in BPIC grade ACN. A micro balance is
used for this operation. Successive dilution
of the primary standards is used to give at
least 10 concentrations down to 0.5 ug/tol.
dice in'solution, the standards are monitored
for stability.
CALCULATIONS
Data are reported in terms of total formalde-
hyde per test phase and total formaldehyde per
mile driven during the test phase. The
primary equation is:
(.004046 * CCNC *
VMIX) .
(VS * C)
Where;
CONC » Concentration of derivative (ug/tal)
vimp Volume of iirpinger fluid (ml)
VMIX - Total CVS flow (ft3)
VS » Volume of sample taken (1)
D = Distance driven during test (mi)
FIG 4
30.011 * 28.316
210.04 1000
-------
2-4
PEAK HEIGHT CrnMm of com)
-------
2-5
"CCtJC" is determined from the formaldehyde peak height counts for each sairple vial. The
"best" -peak is chosen from the two for each vial. If both are good, the last is
chosen. The calibration curve for the run is then used to obtain the concen-
tration from the height counts. "Best" is determined from integrator peak
information and visual inspection.
is held constant at 5 irl of CNPH sampling solution in each impinger. Evaporation
of the ACN solvent during test is a problem despite the ice bath in which the
impingers are placed. The loss is always made up before the solution is trars-
fered to the sample vials. Transfer of CNPH solution between or out of the
impingers cue to pressure imbalances is prevented by the isolating and venting
solenoids.
"WIX" is obtained directly for each test from the CVS control unit. The value
;. represents the total volume of dilute exhaust produced by the vehicle during a
test. VKIX is presented at standard conditions of 760 mnt Hg and 68.0°F.
"VS" is measured by Precision Scientific 63111 or 63115 wet test meters. The meters
are calibrated at nominal KVE1 pressure and temperature conditions of 736 urn Hg
and 73 CF to correct readings to the above conditions. Corrections to actual test
conditions are minimal and are neglected.
"D" is obtained as roll revolutions from the dynamometer control unit. A calibration
'factor is used to convert this reading to miles. This calibration rarely changes.
"WK" (Molecular Weight) for both formaldehyde and its DNPH derivative were calculated
from their molecular formulas and generally available atomic weights. The
formulas are:
2, 4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (CNPH) ........ H2 NNHCgH3(N02)2
Formaldehyde .............................. OCH2
Formaldehyde 2, 4-Dinitrophenylhydazone... CH2
Cne mole of formaldehyde reacts with one mole of CNPH to give one mole of
derivative plus one mole of water.
A standard work sheet is used to collect data and report results. The results may be
calculated from the equations and conversions given on the sheet. A "BASIC" program for
the Apple Computer has been developed to complement the work sheet. This program generates
a calibration equation of the form: Cone = A3* (Counts) 2 + A2* (Counts) + 0. The curve is
forced through zero, zero. The coefficients are then used in the reduction program pre-
sented in Figure 8.
-------
C'1.0 Kmlsa
- (.004046 * Cone *
VDUB *
FORMALDEHYDE ANALYSIS WORKSHEET
* Dial) TEST t
DATE f **4 -Vt.
DMPH Vol. '
Samp. Vol. »
4
9
VMIX .
t
Distance o
(Cal.)
Distance 10
Defl. n
Range »
Raw Cone. "
Gag Cone. i«
Bag Cone. ,>
Tot. CH20
io
CH-0 Emiss ,,
w
Wt. FTP ;,
T.
»
tl
>H
»*
11)
iCOSVERT
* 28.J16
/(RR/mi)
Dlst
* '.Jt
rot. CH2o
* Wt
r
UNITS
ml
ft3
1
ft3
Roll Rev
mi
ugn/ral
ppmp
mgF/l
mgp
mgF/ml
ml
Wt mi
«gF
Wt Tot
i Wf - Tot
3
VBUB
vs
V>!IX
Dlst
Cone
CH20 E.
< Bg 1
0.5
0.43
> BE 2
1.0
1.00
oBg 3
,
0.5
0.57
.FTP Tot
HU'FE
5"
0.113.
23.60
4-nr
Z3tl&
Z33t-t7
lO-tlf
xyx.rrr
uiMtjf o.sr
3.13
11.041
LI
IltLK.
...20 mph
i:30 mph
i/iO mph
FIG e
-------
2-7
DRUM FMALD.EPA
FORMALDEHYDE DATA REDUCTION
CAL DATA
A<1> = 0
A<2> = 9.55983598E-06
A(3) = 1.59070037E-12
ARE THESE THE RIGHT COEFF'S ? (Y/N) Y
TEST DATA
USE 'Q' TO QUIT 'R' TO REDO
DNPH VOLUME (ML) ? 5
VB = 5 ML
SAMPLE VOL
-------
2-8
3LOAO FMALDPRHO
JLIST
20 HE* = "FORMALDEHYDE DATA REDUC
TION"
30 .REM : PR«4
40 HTAB 20 - < LEN / 2): PRINT
HE*: PRINT : PRINT
80 INVERSE : PRINT "CAL DATA": NORMAL
: PRINT
100 NS = 3
102 D* = CHR* <4>: REM CONTROL
D
104 PRINT D*j"OPEN COEFF, L45"
106 PRINT D*;"CLOSE COEFF"
108 PRINT D*)"OPEN COEFF, L4S"
110 FOR II = 0 TO NS - 1
112 PRINT D*;"R£AD COEFF, RO, B"
;I1 » 13
114 INPUT ASCII + 1): NEXT II
116 .PRINT D*;"CLOSE COEFF"
118 GOTO 200
120 INPUT " A<1> =» ";AS<1>
140 INPUT " A<2> = ";AS<2>
160 INPUT " A<3> = "jAS<3>
180 PRINT
200 HOME : INVERSE i PRINT "CAL
DATA": NORMAL : PRINT
220 PRINT " A<1> => ";AS<1>
240 PRINT ' A<2) - -;AS<2)
260 PRINT A<3) = ")AS<3>! PRINT
: PRINT
262 INPUT "ARE THESE THE RIGHT C
OEFF'S ? ";IN*
264 IF IN* =» "N" GOTO 120
266 IF IN* < > "Y" GOTO 262
268 PRINT : PRINT
280 HOME : INVERSE : PRINT "TEST
DATA"! NORMAL : PRINT : PRINT
290 HTAB 101 PRINT "USE 'Q' TO Q
UIT 'R' TO REDO"
291 PRINT : PRINT
300 INPUT " DNPH VOLUME (ML) ? "
:VB*
320 IF VB* => "" THEN VB* = "5"
330 IF VB* = "Q" THEN END
335 IF VB* = "R" THEM PRINT "*»
": GOTO 280
340 IF VB* = "5" THEN GOTO 400
360 INPUT " VALUE IS NORMALLY 5
- IS YOUR VALUE GOOD ? (Y/N)
" jIN*
365 PRINT "CHR* <7>: PRINT CHR*
<7> REM BELL
370 IF IN* => "5" THEN IN* = "5":
GOTO 400
380 IF IN* = "N" THEN GOTO 300
390 IF IN* < > "Y" GOTO 300
400 VB = VAL
-------
2-9
420 INPUT " SAMPLE VOL (CU FT OR
L) ? ";VS*
430 IF VS* = "Q" OR VS* = "R" THEN
PRINT "»*": GOTO 280
435 IF VAL (VS*> = 0 THEN PRINT
"ILLEGAL VALUE-PLEASE REENTE
R"; GOTO 420
440 CK*<1> = "FT3"
440 CK*(2> = "FT."
480 CK*<3> = "F"
500 IF RIGHT* (VS*,1> = "L" THEN
VS = VAL (VS*>: GOTO 660
520 :
540 FOR I = 1 TO 3
560 IF RIGHT* (VS*, LEN > = 8 THEN VS
= VAL (VS*>: GOTO 660
620 VS = VAL (VS*> » 28.316
640 PRINT " VS = "; VAL (VS*);"
CU FT"
660 PRINT " VS » >';VS;" LITERS":
PRINT
680 INPUT VMIX
690 IF VM* » "Q" OR VM* - "R" THEN
PRINT "*»": GOTO 280
700 PRINT ' VMIX = "jVM;" CU FT"
: PRINT
720 INPUT ' ROLL REVS ? "jRR*
725 IF RR* = "Q" OR RR* = "R" THEN
PRINT '*»": GOTO 280
730 IF VAL = 1 OR VAL = 0 THEN RR* = "0":MI =
1: GOTO 760
740 MI = VAL / 2331.57
760 PRINT " ROLL REVS = ";RR*
780 PRINT " DISTANCE = "jMIj" MI
LES"i PRINT
800 INPUT " PEAK HEIGHT COUNTS ?
" 5 PH*
810 IF PH* = "Q" OR PH* = "R" THEN
PRINT "»*-! GOTO 280
820 PH = VAL
825 PRINT " PEAK HEIGHT COUNTS
= " ;PH
340 AMT = 0
842 FOR L = 1 TO NS
844 AMT = AMT + AS
346 NEXT L
350 PRINT " CONCENTRATION = "; INT
(AMT * 100 * .5) / 100;" UG/
ML": PRINT
860 FE = <.004046 * AMT » VB * VM
) /
-------
PREPARATION
AND SAMPLING
ANALYSIS OF
SAMPLES
STANDARDS
1
DATA REDUCTION
Mix DHPH Solution
.25 g/1 or
.50
in
Fill 2 Impingers
per Vehicle test
witu 5 ml solution.
Connect 2 impingcrs
in series per set.
1'lacc sets in ice.
Connect sets to
sample system.
Zero wet test meters.
Turn on system.
Sample Vehicle exhaust.
Sets selected with
"ilag Switches"
Record
V.
imp
VS
VMIX
Roll Revs
Test-'Type & dumber
Date
Restore 5 ml is
impingers with ACN
J_
Fill and mark vials.
(one vial per impinger.)
Fill flush vials with ACN
Load autosamplcr
Standards in decreasing
concentration. (>= 3)
Sample vials in test
sequence
All samples separated by
flush vials.
|Turn on and set equipment. |
Run Standards - Manual Mode
(Single injection)
Run Sauples - Automatic Mode
(2 injections)
Record
Order of vials.
Peak Height Counts for
each vial and Injection.
Comments
Prepare crystaline
Formaldehyde/DNPH
derivative.
Prepare working.
standards by
quantitative
dilution with
ACN.
Record
Exact concentration.
Date prepared.
Date of crystals used.
Product: C.il
f«ir e.urh run.
It
i ion lor
c-ncii sample and
inject ion.
Select "lu'st".
_E
Reduce concent ratiu
values to test
revalues.
(ing formaldehyde
per test, or
mg/mi.)
ro
I
(Report Results!
-------
2-11
Procedures for 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazone Aldehyde-Ketone Air Analysis
L,A« Hull, Dept. of Chemistry, Union College, Schenectady, New York,
on leave at U.S. EPA, in Gas Kinetics and Photochemistry Branch
Mail Drop 84, RTF, tfC 27711
I. Reagents;
A. 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) - Commercially available DNPH is
recrystallized 2-3 times from HPLC grade acetonitrile (ACN)(Burdick and
Jackson). To 50 ml of the ACN is added 3 gms of the DNPH. The solution
is brought to a boil and decanted from any solid residue, allowed to
cool to room temperature and then placed in an ice bath. The crystals
are isolated by suction filtration with a tiini"'"" of atmospheric exposure
to prevent the introduction of contaminants.
B. Sampling Solutions;
1. Ambient sampling (low ppb levels): In a 1.0 1 volumetric flask
0.25 g of purified DNPH is dissolved in 1.0 1 of HPLC grade ACN.
To the resulting solution is added 0.2 ml of concentrated H.SO,.
2. Laboratory sampling (ppm levels): The above concentrations are
doubled.
II. Sampling Procedures;
A. Apparatus; A schematic of the apparatus is shown in Figure 1. The
pump, flow controller, and flow meter all come after the impinger. The
impinger is a non-frit type with the bubble tip within 3.0 am of the
bottom. The inpinger should be calibrated for 2.0 and 4.0 ml of solution.
B. Ambient Samples; Without the bubbler the flow rate is adjusted for
about 0.5 1/min with the needle valve. To the impinger is added 4.0 ml
of the "ambient" sampling solution. The impinger is connected to the
pump and the inlet lines and placed in an ice bath up to the level of
the DNPH solution. The pump is then turned on and the flow readjusted
to 0.5 1/min. The sampling continues for 60 minutes (30 liters). After
Figure 1. Schematic of DNPH sampling apparatus
-------
2-12
sampling is complete the impinger is disconnected from the pump and
inlet lines, caped and the solution warmed to room temperature. With
the caps off the impinger the solution is made up to the 2.0 ml
nark, on the iapinger by the addition of ACM through the inlet portion
of the impirfger. ' This serves to fix the final volume for concentration
calculations latter and wash any material that collects before the
sampling solution into the solution. The solution is then transferred .
co a caflon caped vial. »
C. Laboratory sampling; The apparatus is che same except no ice bath
is needed. Only 2.0 ml of DNPH .laboratory sampling solution is required
in the Impinger and the sampling rates are from 0.1-0.5 I/minute with
the total volumes from 0.25-2.0 1 depending on how high the concentrations
are. With the solution as constituted it would be best to keep the product
of the carbonyl concentrations times the volume sampled less than 10 ppm-
liters (10,000 ppb-liters) and the optimal product is 0.50 ppm-liter. For
example if the carbonyl compound is at 0.5 ppm then a good sample size
would be 1.0 1 with the maximum being 20. liters. Another limitation
arises if an accurate analysis of ketones is desired. In that case the
amount of moisture introduced must be kept less than 50 microliters in
the 2.0 ml of solution. The sampling volume may then be determined by
taking into account the humidity of the air. After sampling the solution
is made up to 2.0 ml with ACM addition (as described before) and then
transferred to a teflon caped vial.
III. Analysis:
A. Standardization; Standards can be prepared in two ways.
1. Solid 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazones; Using standard methods (M.D.
Cheronis, J.B. Entrikin, and E.M. Hodnett, Semimicro Qualitative
Organic Analysis, 3rd Ed. Interscience Publishers, Mew York, 1965,
pg. 499-501) the crystalline 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazones of- a
number of the ketones and aldehydes were prepared. Weighed samples
were then made up to known concentrations in ACM solution (approximately
2. X 10~ M) and the solutions used as standards.
2. Direct addition _p_f_ the carbonyl compound _tp_ the reagent solution;
A measured volume of a liquid carbonyl compound (usually 1.0 micro-
liter) 'is added to ACM (2.0 ml). An aliquot (usually 4.0 microliters)
of that solution is then added to 2.0 ml of the laboratory sampling
solution. Using the density of the carbonyl compound the concentration
of the carbonyl compound (actually the 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone
derivative) in the sampling solution can be calculated and the resulting
solution used as a standard.
B. Analytical conditions t A Varian 5000 HFLC liquid chromatograph
equipped with a built-in 254 nm ultraviolet absorbance detector connected
to a Hewlett-Packard 7132A recorder, and a Variable Wavelength Spectra Physics
SF 770 UV detector (set for 360 nm) connected to a. Hewlett-Packard 3380S
integrator were used. The analytical column was a Varian Micropak MCH-10 re-
versed phase 30 cm x 4 mm column. The analytical conditions are similar to
those already described (K. Kuwata, M. Uebori and Y. Yamasaki, J. Chrom. Sci.,
17., 264 (1979)). The HPLC conditions were 65Z acetonitrile/352 water
-------
2-13
(currently Che analysis is done with 6AZ acetonitrile/362 water to
compensate for some column degration) with a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min.
In Table. 1 are listed the retention times and calibration factors for
those common compounds for which standards Have been run. The
standardization factors are based on a 30 1 air sample having deposited
its aldehydes/kecones in 2.0 ml of che DNPH reagent solution. For
smaller air samples or larger volumes of collecting solution proportional
factors can be used with the standardisation figures in .Table 1. In
Table 2 are listed the retention times and standardization factors for
some cerpene carbonyl compounds run with solvent programming as
follows: flow 1.5 ml/min, 652 ACN/H-0-5 minutes, 65 to 75Z ACS over
the next 10 minutes.
C. Analytical Procedures; The sample solutions are transferred to a
heavy-walled 2.0 ml reaction vessel fitted with a teflon cap (Supelco,
Inc., Beliefonte, PA) and heated 15 mins in a water bath at about 70-
80 C. The solution is then injected into the HPLC via a 10 microliter
sampling loop. The solution is heated for another 15 minutes and
the analysis repeated until successive injections agree to within
10Z. For aldehydes the development is usually complete in 10-15 minutes.
For simple ketones 30 minutes usually suffices, while the dicarbonyl
compounds require as much as 3 hours heating.
Using the standardization factors and retentions times the peaks can
be assigned and quantified. Because the formaldehyde peak overlaps the
tail of the unreacted DNPH reagent the integration obtained is often
distorted by baseline triggering problems. For a reliable formaldehyde
concentration it is best to draw a baseline and use the absorbance
measurement to determine the concentration.
1. Ambient samples; Because all the ambient samples are likely
to contain significant quantities of water (greater than 0.2 ml)
the ketone responses are virtually completely suppressed by the
equilibrium shown below while the
^c » o + HZN-NHDNP * ^c - NNHDNP + H^O
aldehyde responses are approximately 90Z of their true, ambient
values. This result was obtained from experiments in which
water was deliberately added, as well as sampling from moist
bag samples. The data on ambient samples can Chen be handled
as all aldehyde analyses and the values obtained as being approx-
imately 90" of che true ambient values.
. For high boiling (greater than 150-200°C) ketones (in particular
the terpene carbonyl compounds) it is possible to evaporate off
all the solvent (ACN and water) from the sample solution by
gently heating the solution in a 10 ml beaker on a hot plate (remove
the solution before the last of the solvent evaporates and let it
do so without further heating). Redissolving the residue in 2.0
.. ml (or less, if enhanced sensitivity is desired) pure ACN removes
the water interference problem.
-------
2-14
2. Laboratory samples: If the quantity of water in the sample
(as determined by the humidity of the sampled air and the volume
sampled) is less than about 50 microliters/2.0 ml of sampling
solution there is little if any interference in the analysis of
any'aldehyde or ketone so far saapled. Using 2 bubblers, bag
.sampling, and FT-IR cross checking of concentrations indicates
collection efficiences are 100Z as far as it can be determined for
all che variecias of cotapounds listed in Tables 1 and 2 from the
low ppb ranga up to several ppm.
3. Interferences; Besides the water interference in ketone analyses,
as mentioned above, there is also a potential interference of simple
aromatic compounds with the HPLC analysis at 254 nm. Because the 254
UV absorbance detection is sensitive to the. presence of aromaticity,
any species that collects in the ACN solutions and possesses an
aromatic ring can potentially interfere with the 254 nm analysis.
As a practical matter only benzene, toluene, (RT 3.74 min) and the
xylenes (RT 4.5 min) are likely interferences. The 254 detector is
1/25 as sensitive to the above compounds as to the DNPH derivatives
so only high concentrations would interfere with the analysis of
particular carbonyl compounds. The use of 360 nm detector eliminates
any such potential interference.
In experiments to date no interferences of 0. (less than 0.5 ppm),
NO (less than 5 PP»), NO. (less than 5 ppm), and BONO (less than
5 ppm) have been observed in the 1-2 liter laboratory sampling
and none have been observed with ambient sampling.
IV. General Comm-?-its; The above described method for ambient aldehyde and
laboratory aldehyda/ketone analyses is simpler than the aqueous impinger method
described in the literature (see above, K. Kuwata reference) since it involves
no extractions (which introduce solvent contamination problems and small
volume handling problems) and in addition is efficient at collecting and
quantifying carbonyl compounds of six or more carbons. In tests of the
aqueous impinger method it was found to give, in our hands, less than 10Z
of the known gas phase concentration of benzaldehyde. Also even for high
concentration ("laboratory") runs on ketones, because of the presence of water
(as solvent) the aqueous impinger method was not useful for ketone determinations.
While the above described method has drawbacks it is a useful tool for ambient
aldehyde measurements and quite useful for aldehyde/ketone measurements in
experiments where the water concentrations relative to the aldehyde/ketone
concentrations are in the appropriate range.
The use of 360 nm detection (instead of 254 nm) also improves the sensitivity
of the analysis. The increased sensitivity could allow 15 1 ambient samples or
30 min sampling time and it eliminates any potential interferences from simple
aromatic compounds. For laboratory analyses this will increase the sensitivity
for which there is no water interference.
For routine.analyses of high concentration samples (auto exhaust for
example) where carbonyl compounds may be 1-10 ppm range it should be possible
-------
2-15
to use 10-20 ml of the DNPH/ACN sampling solution ("laboratory") and collect
1-2 liters of exhaust over some convenient time (30 minutes). The resultant
.DNPH derivative concentrations should be ample and the vater interference
minimal (assuming*the water is less than about 250 torr)*
Care must be taken in the sampling to not unduly obstruct the flow of
air inro the sampling solution. Ic has been observed thac significant
decreases in che aldehyds/ke-oae concentrations (when in the ppb range)
are observed if the gas sample passes through a simple 1 micro teflon
filter. .
-------
2-16
Table 1. Retention Times and Calibration Factors for Simple
Aldehyde/Ketone 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazones
Compound '
(DNPH derivative)
2,4-DNPH
Formaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Propionaldehyde
Acetone
i-butyraldehyde
methyl vinyl ketone
crotonaldehyde
methacrolein
methyl ethyl ketone
cyclopentanone
glyoxal
benzaldehyde
cyclohexanone
o-tolualdehyde
methylglyoxal
hexanal
biacetyl
Retention
Time (Mins)
254 nm
2.47
3.22
3.77
4.51
4.46
5.40
5.15
5.20
5.29
5.70
5.75
5.98
6.45
6.88
7.51
8.25
8.72
11.75
Absorption Cal. .
(ppb/Abs. unit, x 10"J)
254 no"
2.92
3.60
4.91
4.54
4.84
4.74
4.00
4.17
5.50
6.3
4.40
5.94
6.20
7.76
-5.50
9.47
9.00
Integration
(counts/ppb)
254 nm
1358
1313
1128 .
1224
1540
1819
1651
1248
1287
2066*
1433
1426
1417
2066*
1228
2066
Integration**
(counts/ppb)
360 nm
5437
5396
4726
5033
6327
5958
6393
5138
'
3502*
4929
4331
3502*
5357
3502
**
Biacetyl was used as a reference to standardize these compounds which come
as aqueous solutions.
The retention times on the 360 nm detector are 0.1-0.3 minutes longer than the
254 detector since the 360 detector is "downstream" from the 254 detector.
-------
2-17
Table 2. Retention Times and Calibration Factors for
Terpene Carbonyl Compound with Solvent Programming
Compound
(DN*?H derivative)
c-pinonic acid
c-p inonaldehyde
(mono DNFH)
nopinone
c-pinonaldehyde
Retention -
Tine Cains)
25<* na»
4.02
5.54
10.0
13.60
Absorbance Cal*
(ppb/Abs, X 10"J)
254 na
4.18
9.85
5.42
Integration
(counts/ppb)
254 no
1478
1012 '
1717
Integration
(counts/ppb)
360 nm
5114
3766
8629
-------
APPENDIX 3
Fuel Analysis
-------
3-1
Appendix 3
Analysis of One Batch of Test Fuel
The following analysis was performed by Southwest Research
Institute in November 1982 and were reported to EPA in May 1983:
Test
Heat of Combustion (ASTM D-240)
Gross
Net
Water Content by Karl Fischer Titration
(ASTM D-1744) wt. %
API Gravity (ASTM D-287)
Density (ASTM D-287)
Flash Point (AbTM D-93)
Acid Number . (ASTM D-664) equiv. mg KOH/g sample
Lead by A.A. (ASTM D-3237)
Sulfur by Dohrmann Microcoulometer
Phosphorous by A.A.
Higher Alcohols by G.C.
Results
10,292 Btu/lb
9,143 Btu/lb
0.055%
46.9° @ 60°F
0.7928 @ 15°C
71.9°F
0.00
3 ppm
N.D. «0.001%)
1.7 ppm
N.D. «0.1% ea.)
N.D. means none detected
-------
APPENDIX 4
Individual Test Data
-------
EmlssIons Data Generated over the FTP Driving Cycle
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02 Test
Number % CAT* Date
4x8-5Pt:Rh(40) (STOCK)
81421O O STOCK 6-23-82
814211 O STOCK 6-24-82
814212 O STOCK 6-29-82
814597 O STOCK 7-O8-82
814678 O STOCK 7-O9-82
4x6-5Pt:Rh(40) (STOCK)
815125 3 STOCK 7-3O-82
4x6-SPt:Rh(40) (STOCK)
815163+ O STOCK 8-O3-82
8152O8 O STOCK 8-O4-B2
NO CATALYST
815236+ O NONE 8-1O-82
815238 O NONE 8-11-82
81524O O NONE 8-12-82
NO CATALYST
815248 3 NONE 8-18-82
81525O 3 NONE 8-2O-82
815254 3 NONE 8-24-82
NO CATALYST
81526O 5 NONE 8-27-82
815262 5 NONE 9-O8-82
815264 5 NONE 9-O9-82
4x6-12Pt:Rh(4O) (#1)
815272 O (#1) 9-15-82
815990 O (#1) 9-17-82
815992 O (#1) 9-21-82
4x8-12Pt:Rh(4O) (#1)
815995 3 (#1) 9-24-82
815997 3 (*1) 9-28-82
815999 3 (#1) 9-29-82
4x6-12Pt:Rh(40) (#1)
816OO3 5 (#1) 9-3O-82
8160O6 5 (*1) 10-O5-82
816O11 5 (#1) 1O-O6-82
816O14 5 (#1) 1O-O7-82
ODOM hyde
(ml ) (ma/ml )
0% 02
26O5.O 2O. 16
2624. O 17.43
2652.4 17.18
29O8.O N/A
2911.O N/A
3% 02
2987. O 15.37
0% 02
3OO6.O 27. 14
3O18.O 26.26
0% 02
3056.0 353.60
31O5.O 322. 9O
3144.4 313.8
3% O2
3257. O 259.1
3286. O 281.3
3356.7 252.6
5% 02
3453.7 185. O
3492. 0 189. 1
3541.7 197.8
0% 02
3682.1 8.54
3768.1 13.18
3807. O 13.15
3% 02
3861.9 17.53
3901.5 12.88
3940. O 16.36
5% 02
4OO3.5 18.94
41O5.O 20.9
4124. O 22.1
4183.4 22. O
Miles /
Ga 1 1 on
14
14
14
13
14
13
14
14
13
13
13
13
13
14
13
13
13
14
13
14
14
13
13
13
13,
14,
13,
. 1591
. 1227
. 1O52
.9216
.0618
.7517
.O897
.7251
.6O99
. 8O83
.6639
.9984
. 9O26
.O144
.9566
.8715
.4639
.OO52
.8863
.01 13
.5564
.6245
.8666
.7625
.8167
. 1O75
.9527
HC
jp/roi)
0
0
0
O
0
0
O
O
1
O
0
0
0
O
0
O
0
0
O
O
0
0
0
O
O
0
O
. 19O2
. 1356
. 1511
. 1429
. 1494
. 1431
.2623
. 1587
.0205
.85O4
.8728
.7895
.8525
.7984
.8024
.7675
.83O4
. 10O5
. 1095
. 1222
. 1131
. 1281
. 1149
. 128O
. 1229
. 1O82
. 1383
CO
(g/mi)
O.7539
O.6957
O.9001
O.815O
O.8410
O.6034
O.8772
O.6974
8.4539
7.3019
7.3545
7.391O
7.2786
7. 1572
7.2936
7.24OO
7.7379
O.4165
O.7285
O.934O
O.3132
0.503O
O.3466
O.4819
O.3778
O.323O
O.4144
C02
(a/ml)
289. 14
289.86
290.40
294 . 50
290.96
297.79
29O. 13
278.49
285.83
284 . 24
287.35
28O.21
282.32
28O.38
28O.74
283. 12
291. 15
293.47
295.34
292 . 29
282.42
3OO.62
296.16
297 . 66
296.85
29O.77
293.52
NOx
(g/mD
N/A
N/A
O.5941
O.5458
O . 5304
1 .9496
1 .7836
1 .6792
2. 1591
2. 1713
2.1717
2.0979
2.O922
2. 1688
2.0884
2. 1144
2.1911
O.7OOO
O.6666
0.4967
1 .879O
2.0981
2.0414
2. 1175
N/A
N/A
2.O731
ane HC
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
O. 1398
O. 1465
O. 136O
O.2544
N/A
N/A
O.8498
O.8722
O.7885
O.8515
0.7984
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O. 1O42
O. 1159
O. 1O62
0.1227
O. 1094
O. 1228
O.1179
0.1O35
O. 1315
METHANE
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
.OO31
.0029
.OO71
.OO79
N/A
N/A
.OOO6
.OOO6
.001O
.OO1O
.OOOO
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
.OO53
.OO63
.OO69
.OO54
.OO55
.OO52
.OO5O
.OO47
.OO68
METHANOL
(g/ml)
O.169
O. 142
O.2O8
N/A
N/A
O.587
O.488
0.3O3
1.975
1 .783
2.224
2. 135
2.O18
2.093
N/A
2.413
2.442
O.3O4
N/A
O.353
O.313
O.316
O.291
O.269
O.318
O.306
0.375
+ Indicates a qustlenable test which has been omitted from the analyses.
-------
Emissions Data Generated over the FTP Driving Cycle (Continued)
Test 02
Number % CAT/?
NO CATALYST
816O2O O NONE
816022 O NONE
NO CATALYST
816O26 5 NONE
Test
Date
1O-13-82
10-14-82
1O-15-82
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40) (#2)
816564 O (*2) 1O-2O-82
816566 O (*2) 1O-29-82
Alde-
ODOM hyde
(ml ) (ing/ml )
0% 02
428O.O 2O7.9
4319.0 198.3
5% 02
4373.7 205.0
0% 02
4464. O 9.9
4548. O 13. O
Miles /
i Gal Ion
14.O862
14.0943
13.9498
14.O781
13.8257
HC
(a/mi)
0.8084
0.7848
O.8364
O. 1117
O. 1494
CO
(a/mi)
7.464
7.3961
7 . 9505
O.7039
O.B4O3
C02
(a/mi)
277.
277.
28O.
291 .
296.
84
63
. 11
.36
,29
NOx
(a/ml)
2. 1813
2 . 2062
2.O682
O.7672
O.7553
Non-Meth-
ane HC METHANE
(a/ml) (a/ml)
0.8029
0.7804
O.8315
N/A
O. 1444
.OO55
.O044
.O049
N/A
.OO5O
METHANOL
(a/ml)
2.247
2.453
2.53O
N/A
0.820
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40) (#2)
816568 3 U2) -O2-82
816572 3 (#2) -O3-82
816574 3 (#2) -O4-82
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40 (#2)
816576 5 (*2) -O5-82
816580+ 5 (#2) -18-82
816583+ 5 (#2) -19-82
816586+ 5 (#2) -24-82
NO CA
816588+
816589+
816593+
816595+
816597
81660O
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20) (#3)
8166O4 O (#3) 12-09-82
8166O6 O (*3) 12-10-82
8166O8 O (#3) 12-14-82
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20) (#3)
816617 3 (#3) 12-17-82
816621 3 (#3) 12-21-82
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20) (#3)
817462 5 (#3) 12-22-82
817464 5 (#3) 12-23-82
NO CATALYST
81747O O NONE 1-O5-B3
3% 02
4589.6 13.35
4645.3 14.87
4684.8 15.14
5% 02
4731.3 20.81
48O8.O 23.96
4850.0 18.56
4917.3 22.49
ALYST
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
11-30-82
12-O1-82
12-O2-82
12-O3-82
12-O7-82
12-O8-82
0% 02
4956.6 192.55
4975.0 178.57
5O40.O 2O2.73
5O81.0 197.24
5123.5 N/A
5156.0 2O9.55
0% 02
52O7.0 29.52
5246.O 36.39
5285.0 N/A
3% 02
5416.O N/A
5466.7 72.94
5% 02
5520.0 117.4
5559.O 117.3
0% 02
5627.5 131.6O
13.6716 O.13O3
13.8274 O.1199
13.7135 O.1349
13.7635 O.1313
12.323O 0.1359
12.3214 O.1O96
12.5241 O.1O49
12.5239 O.6484
12.5321 O.6346
12.7421 O.6111
12.7486 O.6443
13.3990 O.8553
14.05OO 0.9118
13.6483 O.1462
13.8791 O.16O7
13.8121 O.1564
13.3648 0.1566
13.4959 O.1636
13.5379 O.181O
13.4848 O.1994
O.4661 299.66
O.235O 296.99
0.5O85 298.58
2.O682
2.O242
2.0442
O.1262
O.1153
O.1299
-O041
.OO46
.OO5O
1.3991 299.37
1 .3575 294.13
1.6463 294.90
O.3553 307.12
O.3453 304.36
O.3499 3O2.97
O.44O6 303.84
O.87O3
0.8393
O.8494
2.0855
2.O517
2.O929
1.9743
O.1424
O.1549
N/A
0.1507
O. 1562
N/A
O. 193O
13.51150.8626 8.265O289.O1 2.1324 N/A
.OO38
.OO58
N/A
.O059
.OO74
N/A
.OO64
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.
0.
O.
O.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
7.
4592
4268
5138
2558
4431
3333
7473
5822
3561
7299
298
333
333
328
315,
314
3O8,
308
292.
278
.39
.39
.07
.10
.09
.96
.77
.98
.91
. 11
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
.O939
.0019
.OO95
.0410
. 1407
.1683
.O961
. 1340
. 1846
.0816
0
O
O
0
O
O
O
0
. 1262
. 129O
. 1O15
.0962
.6420
.6288
. 6O51
.639O
N/A
0
.9063
.0051
.OO69
.0081
.0087
.0064
.O058
.O06O
.0053
N/A
.O055
N/A
O.286
O. 154
N/A
N/A
1 .725
1 .481
1 .940
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.212
O.34O
O.296
O.423
N/A
-------
Emissions Data Generated over the FTP Driving Cycle (Continued)
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02
Number % CAT*
4x6-Pd(40) («4)
817476 O (*4)
817478 O (#4)
817480 O (*4)
4x6-Pd(40) (if 4)
817484 3 (#4)
817488 3 (#4)
4x6-Pd(40) (#4)
817495 5 (HA)
817499 5 (#4)
817919 5 (*4)
NO CATALYST
817922 O NONE
Test
Date
1-O7-83
1-11-83
1-12-83
1-13-83
1-18-83
1-19-83
1-20-82
1-25-83
1-27-83
ODOM
0% 02
5695. O
5734.8
5773. O
3% 02
5834. O
5931 .O
5% 02
5985. O
6O35 . 4
6O53.9
O% O2
61O4.3
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) O% O2
817925+ O (#5) 1-28-83 6135.3
817929+ O («5) 2-01-83 6188.7
hyde
(mg/ml )
39. 19
38.55
46. 9O
76.65
59.33
111 .29
172.67
141 .64
325.72
N/A
N/A
Miles /
Gal Ion
13.4461
13.5521
13.4118
13.495O
13.3667
13.2414
13.2268
13.3241
N/A
N/A
N/A
HC
(g/ml)
O. 19O2
O. 1636
O. 1533
O. 1514
O. 1384
O. 151O
O. 1754
O. 1531
O.9126
O.2686
O.3128
CO
(g/rol)
2.2857
2.0877
1 .5873
O.3936
0.3657
O.2864
O.4578
O.3253
8.4891
3.4711
3.7811
C02
(a/ml)
3O1 .62
299.86
3O4 . 39
304. 12
3O7.43
310.47
3O9 . 96
308 . 29
N/A
N/A
N/A
NOx
(g/ml)
O.7548
0.7479
O.7261
1 .9570
2.OO82
2.O927
2. 1090
1.9532
2.O563
1 .9117
2.O131
ane HC
(a/ml)
N/A
O.1577
0. 1492
O. 1468
O. 1340
O. 1453
O. 17O1
O. 1482
O.9O81
O.2645
O.3083
METHANE
(g/ml)
N/A
.0059
.OO41
.OO46
.OO44
.OO57
~;OO53
.0049
.OO45
.OO41
.OO45
METHANOL
(a/ml)
O.352
O.339
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
4x6-Pd+Base Metal(35) (#5) 3% 02
817933+ 3 (#5) 2-02-83 6246.O N/A
13.6595 0.27OO 1.6259 298.38 1.9O24 O.2656
.0044
4x6-Pd+Base Metal(35) (*5) ??% O2
817937+ O (#5) 2-03-83 6302.O
(SUPPOSE TO HAVE BEEN 3%)
N/A 13.6756 O.2951 1.9913 296.89
1.9255 O.29O7 .OO44
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 3% O2
817938+ 3 (#5) 2-O4-83 6331.4 N/A
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (15) O% 02
817939 0 (#5) 2-09-83 6393.5 118.46
817943 O (#5) 2-1O-83 6444.8 119.24
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 3% 02
817947 3 (*5) 2-11-83 6501.3 117.52
817951 3 (#5) 2-15-83 6555.5 141.23
13.7643 O.2835 2.0466 294.88 2.O207 O.2782 .OO53
14.1410 0.2767
N/A O.277O
N/A 0.2749
13.8953 O.2811
2.7232 285.53
2.9788 N/A
1.9386 N/A
2.1652 291.97
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35)
817955 5 (#5) 2-16-83
817957 5 (*5) 2-17-83
818396 5 (#5) 2-18-83
5% O2
6611.4 253.12 13.7489 O.37O9 3.3620293.02
6651.O 280.9O 13.914O O.3584 3.6692 289.27
67O6.O 3O4.58 13.8929 O.37O6 3.9338289.16
1.95O2 O.2696 .OO71
1.9934 O.27O4 .OO66
2.O035 O.2668 .OO81
1.8986 O.2744 .OO67
1.9466 O.3622 .OO87
1.9139 O.352O .OO64
1.9529 O.364O .OO66
I
u>
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
-------
Emissions Data Generated over the FTP Driving Cycle (Continued)
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02 Test
Number % CAT* Date
NO CATALYST
8184OO 0 NONE 2-22-83
818402 0 NONE 2-23-83
4x6 -Cu Mesh (16)
8184O4 O (#6) 2-24-83
818408 O (#6) 2-25-83
4x6-Cu Mesh (#6)
818412 3 (#6) 3-O1-83
818416 3 (#6) 3-O2-83
4x6-Cu Mesh (# 6)
818648 5 (#6) 3-O3-83
818652 5 (#6) 3-O4-83
NO CATALYST
818656 0 NONE 3-O8-83
818658 O NONE 3-O9-83
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
81866O O (#7) 3-10-83
818664 O (#7) 3-11-83
818668 O (#7) 3-15-83
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
818725 3 (#7) 3-16-83
818729 3 (#7) 3-17-83
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
818733+ 5 (#7) 3-18-83
818737 5 (*7) 3-22-83
818741 5 (#7) 3-23-83
NO CATALYST
818978 O NONE 3-24-83
818980 O NONE 3-25-83
NO CATALYST
818982 3 NONE 3-29-83
818984 3 NONE 3-3O-83
ODOM hyde
(ml ) (dig/ml )
0% 02
6759.8 232.07
6798.0 265.72
0% 02
6838. O 268.
6895.0 315.
3% 02
696 1.O 312.
7O16.3 332.
5% 02
7O73.1 303
7125. O 324
0% 02
7178.3 219,
7217.3 23O
0% 02
7256.7 35
731O.O 39
7365.0 48
3% 02
7420. O 99
7472.2 88
5% 02
7530.0 115
7579.7 1O2
7632.1 105
0% 02
7682.0 211
7722.0 218
3% 02
7765. O 222
7804. O 219
.82
,O3
.47
.15
. 13
.61
.54
.35
.35
. 11
.63
.72
.67
.28
. 16
.82
.00
.56
.72
.32
Miles /
Ga 1 1 on
13.8246
13.8391
13.7239
13.6627
13.433O
13.4489
1 3 . 506O
13.4351
14.O177
14.0640
13.9155
13.8335
13.6820
13.9O38
13.7657
N/A
13.7716
13.6385
14.O143
14. 1724
14.0677
13.6865
HC
(a/ml)
O.9258
0.971O
O.9O53
O.90O7
O.92O1
0.8846
0 . 9055
O.8324
1 .0565
1 .0425
O. 1668
O. 1869
O.2O08
0. 1598
O. 1459
N/A
O . 1 4OO
0. 1288
1.OOOO
1 .0123
1.0679
1.O762
CO
(g/ml)
7.5592
7 . 266O
7
7
7
7
6
6
7
7
1
1
2
O
O
.72O5
.3105
.3714
.2143
.9835
.8828
.2349
.2773
.4919
.9312
.0945
.3941
.404O
N/A
O.3263
0.2993
7
7
7
7
.3888
. 1922
.1849
.2631
C02
(a/mi)
283.27
282.68
285.38
286.85
291 .51
291 .94
291 .39
293.39
278.54
277.80
292.75
294. 4O
296.69
294.71
297.97
N/A
298.28
3O1.38
278.73
276. 11
278.22
286. 13
NOx
(Q/rol)
2.O131
1.9658
1 . 865O
1 . 9O46
1 .8147
1 .8197
1 .8135
1 . 832O
1 . 966O
1 . 9656
O.6251
0.67O9
O.7O29
1 .8527
1.938O
N/A
1 . 9O85
1 .9O65
2.0565
2.O132
2.0O3O
2. 1OO6
ane HC
(a/ml )
O.9179
O.9646
O.897O
O.8932
O.9138
O.8784
O.8977
O.8256
1 .0481
1 .O342
0. 1621
O. 1781
O. 1934
O. 1526
0. 14O3
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
METHANE
(a/ml)
.OO79
.OO64
.OO83
.0075
.0063
.OO62
.OO78
.OO68
.OO84
.OO83
.O047
.OO88
.0074
.OO72
.OO56
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
METHANOL
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
-------
Emissions Data Generated over the FTP Driving Cycle (Continued)
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02
Number _JC CAT/f
NO CATALYST
818986 5 NONE
818988 5 NONE
4x8-Ag(150)
81899O O (*8)
818994 O (#8)
819235 O (*8)
819237 0 (*B)
4x6-Ag(15O)
819238 3 (8)
81924O 3 (#8)
819245 3 (*8)
4x6-Ag(150)
819249 5 (#8)
819252 5 (#8)
819262 5 (#8)
NO CATALYST
819263 O NONE
819265 O NONE
819267 O NONE
819269 O NONE
819271 O NONE
819277 O NONE
82O322 O NONE
82O385 O NONE
NO CATALYST
84O1O4 O NONE
84O1O6 O NONE
84O108 O NONE
840109 O NONE
Test
Date
3-31-83
4-05-83
(#8)
4-07-83
4-08-83
4-13-83
4-15-83
(#8)
4-19-83
4-2O-83
4-22-83
(#8)
4-27-83
4-29-83
5-05-83
5-O6-83
5-1O-83
5-19-83
5-20-83
5-24-83
5-25-83
5-26-83
7-O8-83
ODOM hyde
(ml ) (ma/ml )
5% 02
7845. O 233.
7892. O 231.
0% 02
7940. O 41.
799 1.O 58.
8O74.0 66.
B11O.O 70.
3% 02
8137.O 5O.
8185. O 34.
8275. O 71.
5% 02
8356. O 73.
8424. O 85.
8514. O 102.
0% 02
8533. O 183.
8572. O 173.
8652. O 111.
8691. O 219.
8730. O 219.
8782. O 232.
8833. O 234.
9043. O 285.
69
03
80
46
O4
97
18
67
O4
SO
OO
O5
93
89
73
76
46
09
06
75
Miles /
Ga 1 1 on
13.9OO7
13.8115
14.O376
13.8416
13.765O
13.7698
13.65O6
1 3 . 6OO9
13.8767
13.7857
13.5377
13.9177
14.O964
13.9O68
14.5575
14.5330
14.3981
13.9331
14.OOO9
14.5927
HC
(g/rol)
1 .O617
1 . 1244
O.446O
O.6113
O.5472
O.5538
O.4532
O.3527
O.4781
O.5418
O.5916
O.6247
1 . 0095
1 .O365
1 .O07O
1 .0294
1.0091
1 .O174
1 .OOO1
1 .1 186
CO
(g/ml)
7 . 5204
7 . 34O4
6.2919
6.6857
6.5997
6.5237
5.843O
5.4735
6.4773
6.962O
7. 1622
6.8994
6.9197
7.4922
7.40O5
7.6570
7.4763
7 . 809O
7.5719
6.7436
C02
(a/ml)
28O.93
283. 13
281.64
284.78
286.98
287.39
291 .45
292.53
284.98
285. SO
291 .46
283. 19
277.77
281.36
267.77
268 . 30
27O.78
28O.28
279.44
268. 15
NOx
(g/rol)
1 . 9903
2.O798
2.0192
2 . O506
2.OO83
2.0347
1 .9848
2.0052
1.9775
1 .8919
2.O046
1 . 9650
2.0113
2.O102
1 .8276
1.8547
1 .7638
1 . 9890
2.O091
1 .8562
ane HC
(a/ml)
N/A
1 . 1164
O.4399
O.6O32
O.54OO
0.5468
O.445O
N/A
O.4713
O.5346
O.5844
O.6167
1 .O025
1 . 0308
O.9994
1 .O222
1 .O013
1.0094
O.9928
1 . 1112
METHANE
(a/ml)
N/A
.O08O
.0061
.O081
.OO72
.OO7O
.OO82
N/A
.O068
.OO72
.O072
-OO8O
.O07O
.O057
.OO76
.O072
.O078
.O08O
.OO73
.OO74
METHANOL
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0% 02 (Resumed)
1O-14-83
1O- 19-83
1O-2O-83
1O-21-83
9157. O 204.
92O5.O 264.
9243.8 242.
9259. O 246.
93
70
82
43
14.772O
14.9826
14.64O6
14.5418
1 .O215
1 . 1496
1 . 1348
1.1421
6.0271
6.461O
6. 1220
6 . 0508
266. 15
260.85
268. 14
269.91
1 .8697
1 .87O1
1 .9198
1.9525
N/A
1 . 1399
1.1270
1.1348
N/A
.OO97
.0078
.O073
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
4x6 -Cu - Acid Dipped (19) 0% 02
840111 O (#9)
84O113 O (19)
84O114 O (#9)
84O116 O (#9)
84O118 O (#9)
1O-27-83
1O-28-83
-O1 -83
-O2-83
-03-83
9310, O 453.
9349. O 405.
9376. O 42O.
9414.O 4O8.
9454. O 439.
85
88
54
73
87
14.5178
15.5361
14.7515
14.7O54
14.6479
O.7229
O.7014
0.8827
O.8293
0.8354
5.9238
5.5893
5.9179
5.9531
6.0O03
272. 16
254.25
267. 17
268.44
268.67
1.7452
1.6340
1.7974
1 .8118
1 . 7926
O.7155
O.6936
O.8743
O.821O
O.8275
.OO74
.0078
.0084
-OO83
.0079
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
4x6-Cu - Acid 0 pped (*9) 3% 02
84O12O 3 (#9)
84O126 3 (*9)
84O132 3 (*9)
-O8-83
-09-83
-10-83
9513. O 395.
9566. O 423.
9618. O 562.
SO
75
94
13.682O
13.729O
13.87O9
O.9184
0.9332
O.9457
6 . 3669
6.3230
6 . 2508
287.54
287. 12
284.44
2.O106
1 . 9970
1 . 9624
O.91O5
O.9233
O.9366
.OO79
.OO99
.O091
N/A
N/A
N/A
Ul
-------
Emissions Data Generated over the FTP Driving Cycle (Continued)
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test O2
Number f, CAT*
NO CATALYST
84O138 O NONE
B4O143 O NONE
84O14B O NONE
Test
Date
2-14-84
2-15-84
3-O8-84
ODOM hyde
(ml ) (dig/ml )
O% 02
9742.3 N/A
9795.6 N/A
9848.5 N/A
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (5) (#10) 0% 02
84O153 O (*1O) 3-O9-84 99O2.0
840155 O (#1O) 3-13-84 9941.7
84O157 O (#1O) 4-O4-84 9988.3
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (5) (#10) 3% 02
84O159 3 (#1O) 4-O5-84 1OO32.6
840161 3 (/MO) 4-O6-84 10O74.S
843392 3 (/MO) 4-1O-84 1O116.5
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Miles /
Gallon
15.4239
15.8739
15.4535
15.288O
15.3915
15.2616
14.5697
14.5316
14.275O
HC
(a/ml)
1 .4519
1 . 1249
1.2477
O. 1933
O. 1932
O. 1963
O. 1778
O. 1756
O. 1951
CO
(g/mi)
9.1202
7 . 5O95
8.5745
1 .0763
1 . 1956
1 . 3666
0.65O5
O.4902
O.5O66
C02
(a/mi)
247.86
243.95
248.95
267.24
264.65
266.51
28O.56
281 .99
287. 14
NOx
(g/mp
1 . 5026
1 .5859
1 . 5364
O.8175
O.8275
0.8452
1 . 76O3
1 . 7665
1 . 8869
ane HC
(a/ml)
1.4475
1 . 1234
1 .2421
O. 1855
O. 1913
O. 19OO
O. 1697
O. 1684
O. 1871
METHANE
(s/ml)
.OO44
.OO15
.OO56
.OO78
.OO19
.OO63
.OO81
.OO72
.OO8O
METHANOL
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
4x6-Pd+Base Metal(5) (#10) 5% 02
843394 5 (/MO) 4-11-84 1O161.4 N/A
14.3O65 O.2159 O.6965 286.O6 1.8386 0.2O68
.0091
N/A
I
Ot
-------
Emissions Data Generated over the HWY Driving Cycle
Test 02
Number % CAT*
4x6-5Pt:Rh(40)
814213 O STOCK
814216 O STOCK
814219 O STOCK
814222 O STOCK
NO CATALYST
815237 O NONE
815239 O NONE
815241 O NONE
NO CATALYST
815249 3 NONE
815251 3 NONE
815255 3 NONE
NO CATALYST
815261 5 NONE
815263 5 NONE
815265 5 NONE
4x6-12Pt:Rh(40)
815273 O (#1)
815274 O UD
815991 0 (#1)
4x6-12Pt:Rh(4O)
815996 3 (#1)
815998 3 (11)
816OOO 3 (#1)
4x8-12Pt:Rh(4O)
816OO4 5 (XM)
816O12 5 (#1)
816O13 5 (*1)
816O15 5 (#1)
NO CATALYST
816O21 O NONE
816O23 O NONE
NO CATALYST
816O27 5 NONE
Test
Date
(STOCK)
6-29-82
6-3O-82
7-O1-82
7-O2-82
8-10-82
8-11-82
8-12-82
8-18-82
8-2O-82
8-24-82
8-27-82
9-O8-82
9-O9-82
(#1)
9-15-82
9-16-82
9-17-82
(#1)
9-24-82
9-28-82
9-29-82
(#1)
9-3O-82
1O-O6-82
10-O6-82
10-07-82
10-13-82
1O-14-82
10-15-82
DOOM hyde
(ml) (mg>
0% 02
2674. O O
271O.O 0
2766.9 O
2823.1 0
0% 02
3O67.0 134
3116.3 189
3155.4 193
3% 02
3268. O 172
33O7.O 171
3376. O 179
5% 02
3475. O 140
3524.0 139,
3572. O 139.
0% 02
37O2.O 1.
3736. O 0,
3778. O 0.
3% 02
3872.9 1
3912.5 1,
395 1.O 1.
5% 02
402O.5 2.
4134.O 1.
4156. O 1.
4213.5 1.
O% 02
430O.O 164.
433O.O 167.
5% 02
4384. O 147.
'ml)
.7
.OO
. 1
. 1
.25
.6
.0
.2
.7
.6
.6
.5
7
,O
.3
.3
, 1
,O
6
2
.9
.9
7
6
0
O
Miles /
Gal Ion
18. 1264
17.9689
18.O390
18.2O1O
16.6392
16.7268
17.0821
1 7 . 3O98
17.4993
17.2819
17.41O7
17.4662
17.O3OO
17.439O
17.2951
17.2193
18.7124
1 7 . O8O7
17.4427
17.2234
17.4434
17.3703
17.5174
17.3O73
17.3474
17.5255
HC
(g/mi)
O . OO4O
O.O008
O.OO06
O.OO12
O.4307
O.422O
O.4139
O.3801
O.3623
0.3637
O.3549
O.3343
O.3514
O.O041
O.OO3O
0.0030
0.0081
O.O094
O.OO84
O.OO97
O.OO98
O.O077
O.O114
O.3859
O.3839
O.3927
CO
(g/mi)
O . O807
O.0834
0.1507
O. 1274
6.4057
6.2377
6. 1797
6. 1442
5 . 809O
5.7837
5.9499
6. 1466
6. 1377
O . O54O
O.O269
0 . 0640
0.0
O.OO51
O.O085
O.OO7O
O.O017
0.0
O.O
6. 1530
6.4405
6. 1640
C02
(a/ml)
227.30
229. 10
227.83
225.55
236.38
235. O1
229.76
226.71
225.28
228.35
225.62
225. 1O
23O.98
235.59
238.21
239. O4
219.54
24O.8O
235.91
239.10
236. O4
236.66
234.86
226.67
226.24
224. 12
NOx
(a/ml)
O. 1193
0. 1332
O.O465
0.0683
3.0085
3.O248
2.9135
2.9541
2.8343
2.8127
2.9286
2.7814
2.9443
0.6182
O.6329
0 . 5804
2.4257
2.8921
2.8837
2 . 9207
N/A
2.7212
2 . 7O40
2.9362
2 . 9066
2 . 8608
ane HC
(9/ml)
O.OOO7
O.OO12
N/A
O.OO08
N/A
O.4215
O.4133
0.3798
O.3618
O.3637
N/A
N/A
N/A
0 . 0038
O.OO27
O.OO3O
O.OO59
O.OO69
O.OO68
0.0071
O.OO7O
O.OO48
O.OO80
O.3835
O.3813
O.39OO
METHANE
(a/ml)
.OO33
-.OOO4
N/A
.OO04
N/A
.OOO5
.OOO6
.O003
.OOO5
.OOOO
N/A
N/A
N/A
.OOO3
.0003
.OOOO
.OO22
.OO25
.O016
.OO26
.OO28
.OO29
.OO34
.OO24
.OO26
.OO27
METHANOL
(a/ml)
O.OO3
O.OO7
O.OO2
O.OO3
0.179
O.831
O.918
O.888
0.946
O.948
N/A
O.883
O.795
O.012
0.006
N/A
O.004
O.OO5
O.OO4
0.006
O.005
O OO9
0.004
0.632
O.9O4
O.937
-------
Emissions Data Generated over the HWY Driving Cycle (Continued)
Aide-
Test 02
Number % CAT*
Test
Date
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40) (#2)
816028 O (#2)
816565 O (*2)
816567 O (#2)
1O-19-82
1O-2O-82
1O-29-82
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40) (#2)
816569 3 (#2)
816573 3 (*2)
816575 3 (#2)
11-02-82
11-03-82
11-04-82
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40) (»2)
816577 5 (#2)
81658H- 5 (#2)
816584+ 5 (*2)
816587+ 5 (*2)
NO CATALYST
816590+ 0 NONE
816591+ O NONE
816594+ O NONE
816596+ O NONE
8166O1 O NONE
11-O5-82
11-18-82
11-19-82
11-24-82
12-01-82
12-01-82
12-02-82
12-03-82
12-08-82
ODOM hyde
(ml ) (mg/m1 )
0% 02
4424. O 1.
4484. O 1.
457O.2 O.
3% 02
461 1 .0 1
4666 .6 2
4706.0 2
5% 02
4753. O 2.
4816. O 1
486 1.O 1
4938.6 1
0% 02
4986. O 79
4998. O 86
506 1.O 95
51O2.O 91
5177.0 180
.6
. 1
8
.6
.2
.3
.2
.4
.3
.2
.6
.4
.9
. 1
.7
Miles /
Ga 1 1 on
18.O459
17.9699
17. 1471
17.2948
17.4416
17.3666
17.3664
15.415O
15.4733
15.77O7
15.3650
15.4222
15.5196
15.3513
17.3412
HC
(g/ml)
O.O129
0.0070
O.OO50
O.OO93
O.OO82
0.0087
O.OO98
O.OO89
O.OO7
O.0061
O.1127
0. 1O99
O. 1183
O. 1237
O.3913
CO
(a/ml)
O.0671
O.O633
O.0572
O.0234
O.0241
O.0276
O.O282
O.0391
O.041
O.O34O
6. 1142
6. 1206
6.3107
6.2414
6.475
C02
(a/roi)
228. 4O
229.38
239.52
237.75
236.36
237.38
237. 17
266.94
266. 1O
261. 2O
257.98
256.52
255.32
257.68
225.94
Non-Meth-
NOx
(g/ml)
O.4786
O.4752
0.6975
2.8525
2 . 8O26
2 . 86O2
2.7982
0.9135
O.92O1
O.3223
O.9980
O.9859
O.9713
O.9981
2.7854
ane HC
(a/ml)
O.0126
N/A
O.OO46
O.OO8O
O.OO72
O.OO73
O.OO83
O.OO58
O.OO45
O.OO36
O. 1087
O. 1O59
O. 114O
O. 12O1
O.388O
METHANE
(a/ml)
.OOO3
N/A
.0004
.OO13
.OO1O
.OO14
.OO15
.OO31
.OO25
-OO2 5
.004O
.OO4O
.OO43
.OO36
-OO33
METHANOL
(a/ml)
0.065
N/A
0.004
O.O10
O.OO9
O.O23
O.O27
0.013
O.O1O
N/A
O.28O
O.296
O.335
O.335
N/A
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20) (#3)
816605 O (#3) 12-09-82
8166O7 O (#3) 12-1O-82
8166O9 O (#3) 12-14-82
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20) (#3)
816614 3 (#3) 12-16-82
816618 3 (#3) 12-17-82
817459 3 (#3) 12-21-82
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20) (#3)
817463 5 (#3) 12-22-82
817465 5 (#3) 12-23-82
O% 02
5239.O O.91
5268.O 1.17
5296.O N/A
3% 02
5387.0 N/A
5438.O N/A
5488.O 1.7
16.9194 O.009O
17.2OO5 O.OO61
17.3441 O.OO69
16.8716 O.OO99
16.8O3O O.OO95
17.0794 O.O1OO
O. 1985 243.41
O.2194 239.18
0.2312 237.26
O.OOO6 244. 19
O.OOO6 244.82
O.O174 241.17
O.6462 O.OO79
O.6255 O.OO52
O.6478 N/A
2.7580 O.OO71
2.8118 O.OO6O
2.7388 O.OO65
5% 02
5541.O
5580.O
3.04
2.93
NO CATALYST
817471 O NONE
1-05-83
4x6-Pd(40) (#4)
817477 O (#4) 1-07-83
817479 O (#4) 1-11-83
817481 O (#4) 1-12-83
0% 02
5635.O 69.13
0% 02
5717.O < O.36
5745.O 1.1O
5795.O O.71
17.011O O.O1OO O.OO05 242.24 2.8272 O.OO65
17.0807 O.OO92 O.OO78 241.45 2.742O O.OO6O
17.07390.4087 6.9O41 229.1O 2.7BOO N/A
17.O44O O.OO43
16.9755 O.OO58
16.9091 O.OO64
O.3455 241.29
O.3343 242.18
O.2988 242.81
O.52O7 N/A
O.5736 O.OO52
O.4281 O.OO55
.OO11
.OOO9
N/A
.OO28
.0035
.OO35
.OO35
.OO32
N/A
N/A
.O006
.OOO9
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.O11
O.O16
O.OO9
O.OO9
N/A
O.O24
O.OO8
N/A
*>.
I
CO
-------
Emissions Data Generated over the HWY Driving Cycle (Continued)
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02 Test DOOM hyde
Number % CAT/? Date (mi) (mg/mi)
4x6-Pd(4O) (#4) 3% O2
817485 3 (#4) 1-13-83 5855. O 1.67
817489 3 (#4) 1-14-83 5902.0 1.9O
4x6-Pd(40)
-------
Emissions Data Generated over the HWY Driving Cycle (Continued)
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02
Number % CAT*
NO CATALYST
818657 O NONE
818659 O NONE
4x6-Pd(20) (m)
818661 O (*7)
818665 O (*7)
818669 O <*7)
4x6-Pd(20) (in)
818726 3 (#7)
81873O 3 (m)
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
818734 5 (#7)
818738 5 (#7)
818975 5 (*7)
NO CATALYST
818979 O NONE
818981 O NONE
NO CATALYST
818983 3 NONE
818985 3 NONE
NO CATALYST
818987 5 NONE
818989 5 NONE
4x6-Ag(150) (#8)
818991 O (#8)
818995 0 (#8)
818998 O (#8)
4x6-Ag(150) (18)
819239 3 (#8)
819241 3 (#8)
819242 3 (#8)
819246 3 (08)
4x6-Ag(150) (#8)
819250 5 (#8)
819251 5 (/f8)
819253 5 (#8)
Test
Date
3-O8-83
3-O9-83
3-1O-83
3-11-83
3-15-83
3-16-83
3-17-83
3-18-83
3-22-83
3-23-83
3-24-83
3-25-83
3-29-83
3-3O-83
3-31-83
4-O5-83
4-07-83
4-O8-83
4-12-83
4-19-83
4-20-83
4-21-83
4-22-83
4-27-83
4-28-83
4-29-83
ODOM hyde
(ml ) ( mg/m 1 )
0% 02
7199. O 169. O5
7238. O 177.73
0% 02
7278. O 1.99
7331. O 1.87
7386. O N/A
3% 02
7442. O 2
7493.0 2
5% 02
7551.0 2
76OO.O 3
7653.0 2
0% 02
77O4.O 144
7743. O 89
3% 02
7787. O 144
7826. O 129
5% 02
7867. O 139
7914. O 121
0% 02
7961.3 3
8O13.0 2
8O52.O 1
3% 02
8158. O 2
8206.0 1
824O.O 1
8316.7 1
5% 02
8377.0 5
B4O5 . 3 4
8445.0 4
.93
.44
.38
.39
.93
.90
.26
.92
.94
. 15
.86
. 15
.02
.92
.44
.77
.77
.45
.36
.98
.SO
Miles /
Gal Ion
17.4239
17.4909
17.26O2
17.3976
17. 1O73
17.0820
17.01O3
17.0820
17. 1532
16.8714
16.9872
17.2679
17.5282
17.O811
17.21O9
17. 1635
17. 1595
17.0239
17. 1198
17.2O59
16.9968
17.3945
17.5324
17.5133
18.8888
17.0627
HC
(g/ml)
0.4782
O.4878
O.O1O9
O.OO83
O.O084
O.OO8O
O.O085
O.OO84
O.OO79
O.O1O6
O.4572
0.4763
O.4592
0.4706
O.4793
0.4764
O.O269
O.O24O
O.O2O9
O.O228
O.O2O3
O.O166
O.O163
O.O238
O . 02 1 3
O.O249
CO
(q/ml)
6.855O
6.9001
O.3181
O.3993
0.4122
-O.OO38
0.0109
O.OO38
O.OOO5
O.OO41
6.9463
6.9492
6.6369
6 . 7O72
6.8O53
6.5993
4.3635
4.3117
4.O922
3.3188
3.2917
3.5916
3.6759
5.1OO1
5.O321
5.2253
C02
(g/ml)
223.59
223. O9
237.65
235.58
239.92
240.70
241.73
241 .03
240.48
244.45
23O.O5
226.47
223.05
228.77
226.83
228.27
232.73
235.15
233.77
233.57
237.43
230.54
229. OO
226.55
21O.37
233.08
NOx
(g/ml)
2.5988
2.6669
O.2972
0.3231
0.4224
2.5117
2.5744
2.5116
2 . 6O69
2.7254
2 . 84O8
2.6875
2.6645
2.8O1O
2.7454
2 . 7699
2.72O3
2 . 74O4
2.7685
2.6662
2.7236
2.6230
2.5562
2.5913
2.2555
2.6862
ane HC
(g/ml)
0.4727
0.4826
O.OO89
O.OO6O
O.OO64
0.0052
O.OO54
0.0051
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.4715
O.O222
O.O195
O.O159
O.O179
O.O155
O.O118
0.012O
O.O193
O.O162
O.O2O6
METHANE
(g/ml)
.OO55
-OO52
-OO20
.O023
.OO2O
.OO28
.OO31
.0033
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
.OO49
.OO47
.0045
.OO5O
.0049
.0048
.OO48
.OO43
.OO45
.OO51
.0043
METHANOL
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
-------
Emissions Data Generated over the HWY Driving Cycle (Continued)
Test
Number
02
% CAT*
Test
Date
NO CATALYST
819264
819266
819268
819270
819272
819278
82O323
B2O375
82O38O
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
O NONE
5-O6-83
5-1O-83
5-19-83
5-2O-83
5-24-83
5-25-83
5-26-83
7-06-83
7-07-83
OOOM
Alde-
hyde
(ma/ml )
Miles / HC
Gal Ion (q/mt )
0% 02
8554
8593
8674
8713
8752
88O3
8854
8969
9O13
.O
.O
.O
.0
.O
.O
.0
.0
.O
111 .97
106.44
128. 16
121 .84
1 3O . OS
93.83
89.63
N/A
171.09
17
17
18
18
18
17
17
19
18
.4O57 O
.254O O
.8713 O
.5342 O
.7688 O
. 37O8 O
.3824 O
.0625 O
.8187 0
.4343
.4439
.4213
.4214
.4218
.4398
.4298
4258
.4166
CO
(g/nH)
6.4728
6.4959
6 . 26O2
6.2423
6.3841
6 . 755O
6.6793
6. 1342
6.O197
C02
(a/ml)
224.53
227.30
207.31
210.72
2O7.86
225.27
225. 13
2O4 . 93
208 . 49
NOx
jg/roi)
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
.8210
.8269
.4394
.5116
.3913
.7549
.7873
.2884
.4026
Non-Meth-
ane HC METHANE
(a/ml) (a/ml)
O.43OO
0.4395
O.4161
O.4168
O.4176
0.4350
O.4256
O.421O
O.4117
.OO43
.OO44
.OO52
.0046
.OO42
.OO48
.OO42
.OO48
.OO49
METHANOL
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
NO CATALYST
82O388 O NONE
84O105 O NONE
84O107 0 NONE
84O110 O NONE
0% 02 (Resumed)
9-23-83 9111.O 138.78 18.6631 O.4916
10-14-83 9179.O 132.67 19.O452 O.4423
1O-19-83 9226.O 182.8O 19.6229 O.4512
1O-21-83 928O.O 148.79 18.8779 O.4798
4xB-Cu - Acid Dipped (#9) O% O2
84O112 O (/K9) 1O-27-83 9331.0 N/A
1 -01-83 9397.O 149.9O
1 -O2-83 9436.O 142.38
1 -O3-83 9474.O 168.32
84O115 O (#9)
84O117 O
84O119 O
4x8-Cu - Acid
84O121 3 (*9) 1
84O127 3 (*9) 1
B4O133 3
Dipped (#9) 3% 02
-08-83 9534.O 77.82
-09-83 9588.O 94.3O
-1O-83 9639.O 127.4O
NO CATALYST
84O139 O NONE
84O144 O NONE
84O149 O NONE
2-14-84
2-15-84
3-08-84
0% 02
9764.O N/A
9805.0 N/A
9870.O N/A
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (5) (/CIO) O% 02
84O154 O (*1O) 3-O9-84 9923.3 N/A
84O156 O (*10) 3-13-84 9962.O N/A
84O158 O (#1O) 4-O4-84 1OOO9.5 N/A
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (5) (/MO) 3% 02
84O16O 3 (*10) 4-O5-84 1OO53.9 N/A
843391 3 (#10) 4-06-84 1OO9G.1 N/A
843393 3 (/HO) 4-10-84 1O137.4 N/A
18.8144 O.02O5
18.9279 O.O357
18.6976 O.0293
18.6683 O.O338
17.1738 O.O286
17.1394 O.0315
17.261O O.0398
19.6O93 O.4294
19.6649 O.3973
19.7358 O.3831
19.22O3 O.0068
19.582O O.0063
19.2931 O.0082
17.8202 O.0125
17.8982 O.0113
17.516O O.0124
5.1169 21 1 . 14
4.9532 2O7.20
4.6974 2O1.30
4.8228 208.62
2.4762 O.4857 .OO59 N/A
2.5630 N/A N/A N/A
2.4149 0.4462 .O05O N/A
2.5137 O.4747 .OO51 N/A
1
3
3,
3.
.7608
.4382
. 247O
.4564
216
212
215
214
.29
.31
.01
.51
1
2
2
2
.8778
.2875
.3266
.2166
O
0
O.
0
.O155
.O3O2
O244
.O28O
.OO5O
.0055
.0049
.OO58
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
2.322O 236.21
2.6199 236.12
2.8035 233.94
6.1118 198.95
5.1555 20O.OO
4.7073 2OO.O7
O. 1224 213.51
O. 1479 209.68
O.2365 212.65
O.OO16 23O.61
O.OOOO 229.66
O.OO95 235.48
2.59O7
2.5354
2.5093
O.O226
O.0255
O.0339
2.1862 O.4277
2.3254 O.3964
2.3O63 O.38O1
O.8545 O.OO51
O.8939 O.OO56
1.O487 O.OO57
2.6O96 O.OO79
2.6230 O.OO63
2.720O O.OO83
4x6-Pd+Base Metal(5) (/CIO) 5% 02
843395 5 (#1O) 4-11-84 1O182.9
N/A
17.742O O.0144 O.OO63 231.97 2.6466 O.OO97
.OO6O
.OO60
.OO59
.0017
.OOO9
-OO3O
-OO17
.OOO7
.OO2 5
-OO46
.OO5O
.0041
.OO47
it*
I
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
-------
Emissions Data Generated During Idle Operation
Test O2
Number X CAT*
4x8-5Pt:Rh(4O)
814214 O STOCK
814217 O STOCK
81422O O STOCK
814223 0 STOCK
NO CATALYST
815242 O NONE
815244 O NONE
815246 O NONE
NO CATALYST
815252 3 NONE
815257 3 NONE
815258 3 NONE
NO CATALYST
815266 5 NONE
815268 5 NONE
815270+ 5 NONE
4x6-12Pt:Rh(4O)
815275 O (#1)
815993 O (#1)
4x6-12Pt:Rh(4O)
816OO1 3 (#1)
4x6-12Pt:Rh(4O)
816005 5 (#1)
816OO7 5 (#1)
816OO9 5 (#1)
4x6-12Pt:Rh(40)
816O16 3 (#1)
816018 3 (#1)
NO CATALYST
816O24 O NONE
Test
Date
(STOCK)
6-29-82
6-30-82
7-O1-82
7-O2-82
8-13-82
8-17-82
8-17-82
8-20-82
8-25-82
8-26-82
9-10-82
9-10-82
9-14-82
(#1)
9-16-82
9-21-82
9-29-82
9-30-82
10-01-82
10-01-82
(#1)
10-08-82
10-08-02
10-14-82
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(4O) (#2)
816029 O (#2) 10-19-82
81657O O (*2) 11-02-82
Alde-
ODOM hyde
(ml ) (mg/mtn)
0% 02
2684. O O.OO
2733.4 O.11
2791. O O.10
2840. O O.13
0% 02
3184. O
3210. O
3227. O
3% 02
3327. O
3393.0
3419.0
5% 02
3590.5
3612.7
3652. O
O% 02
3737.4
3818.3
3% 02
3971 .8
5% 02
4O32.0
4045. O
4078.0
3% 02
4228.3
4233.2
0% 02
4351 .O
0% 02
4444.0
4623.2
19.97
19.80
2O. 58
23.55
15.91
15. 14
2O. 16
19.05
17.28
0.03
0.04
O.37
0.75
O.84
1 .33
Mins /
Gal Ion
122. 0
114. 0
119. 0
124. 0
119. 0
128. 0
124. 0
128.O
143. 0
142.0
121.0
12O.O
120. 0
137.0
129:0
125.0
122.0
114. 0
130. 0
(AGAIN)
N/A 133.0
0.28 134. O
1O.02
O.45
1 .34
146. 0
146. 0
134. 0
HC
(g/min)
O.O015
O.O02O
0.0020
O.OO53
0 . 086 1
O.0815
O.O862
0.0873
O.076O
O.0734
O . 098 1
O.0999
O.0768
0.0011
0.0045
0.0022
O.O021
O.O021
O.O021
0.0266
O.OO34
O.O878
O.OO30
O.OO2O
CO
(g/mln)
O.OO29
O.O027
O.OO53
O. 1084
O.7157
O.7258
O.7344
O.7497
O.5881
O.5755
0.7702
O.7356
0 . 7 1 2O
0.00
0.00
0.0059
O.OO
O.OO
O.OO
O. 1719
0.0028
0.6021
O.OO
0.00
C02
(g/mln)
33.840
36.268
34.746
33. 125
33.094
3O.643
32. 107
30.513
27.61O
27.818
32.639
32.88O
32.929
3O. 121
31 . 84O
32.965
33.70O
36.O97
31 .612
3O.577
3O.787
26 . 964
28.273
3O.639
NOx
(g/roln)
O.OO17
O.OOOO
O.OOOO
O.OOO8
O.O179
O.O126
O.O115
0.0157
0.0112
0.0112
O.015O
O.O139
0.0134
O.OO34
O.OO34
0.0146
O.0151
O.OO81
O.OO99
O.O248
6.O128
0.0196
O.OO53
O.O169
Non-Meth-
ane HC METHANE METHANOL
(g/min) (g/roln) (g/mln)
O.OO08 O.OOO7 O.OO17
O.OO13 O.OOO7 O.OO21
N/A N/A O.OO07
O.OO41 O.OO12 O.OO15
O.O858
O.0818
O.O859
O.0871
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.OOO1
O.OO29
O.OO15
O.OO12
O.OO12
0.0011
O.O254
O.OO28
0.0874
O.0024
O.OO13
O.OOO3
-0.0003
O.OO03
O.OOO2
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.OO1O
O.OO16
O.OOO7
O.OOO9
O.OOO9
O.OO10
O.OO12
O.OOO6
O.OOO4
O.OOO6
O.OOO7
O.2211
O.1835
O.1942
O.22O7
O.1909
O.27O1
0 . 3064
O.2956
0.2656
O.OO43
O.OO78
O.OO14
O.OO21
O.OO22
N/A
O.O137
O.O149
O.2467
O.O126
N/A
-------
Emissions Data Generated During Idle Operation (Continued)
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test O2
Number % CAT*
Test
Date
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40) (/C2)
816578 5 (#2) 11-O5-82
816582+ 5 <*2) 11-18-82
NO CAT CHECK OUT
816585+ 5 NONE 11-19-82
NO CATALYST
816592+ 0 NONE
816598 O NONE
8166O2 O NONE
4x8-3Pt:2Pd(2O)
816610 O (#3)
816612 O (#3)
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20)
816615 3 (#3)
816619 3 (*3)
81746O 3 (*3)
4x8-3Pt:2Pd(2O)
817466 5 (#3)
817468 5 (13)
NO CATALYST
817472 O NONE
4x6-Pd(4O) (/K4)
817474 O (*4)
817482 O (#4)
4x8-Pd(40) (#4)
817486 3 (HA)
81749O 3 (#4)
4x6-Pd(40) (#4)
817493 5 (#4)
817497 5 (*4)
4x6-Pd(4O) (#4)
81792O O (#4)
12-O1-82
12-O7-82
12-O8-82
(#3)
12-14-82
12-15-82
(#3)
12-16-82
12-17-82
12-21-82
(#3)
1-04-83
1-O4-83
1-05-83
1-06-83
1-12-83
1-13-83
1-14-83
1-18-83
1-19-83
1-25-83
DOOM hyde
(ml ) (mq/rntn)
5% 02
4765. O 1.52
482O.O N/A
5% 02
4888.0
0% 02
5027. O
5137.O
5188. O
0% 02
5319. O
5338.0
3% 02
540O.O
5448. O
5499.0
5% 02
5598.6
5609 . O
0% 02
5662. O
0% 02
5674. O
58O5 . O <
3% 02
5865. O
59 1 2 . 0
5% 02
5966.6
6017. O
0% 02
6066 . O
O.94
19.96
13.46
12.45
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
10.38
49 . 64
56.26
6.98
14. 16
O.45
4.O4
11. 16
26.82
29. 11
Mlns /
Ga 1 1 on
119. 0
1 13. 0
123.0
137. 0
136. 0
142. 0
134. 0
132. 0
115. 0
112. 0
124. O
111 .O
121 .O
1O9.O
119.0
121 .O
123. 0
124. 0
121 .O
116. 0
(AGAIN)
11.59 119. O
HC
(g/mln)
O.0037
O.OO34
O.0868
O.0941
O. 1 1 17
O . O882
O.OO27
O.OO47
O.OO58
0.0715
O.O192
O.0359
O.O7O9
O. 1591
0. 1371
O.OO24
O.OO44
O.OO81
O.OO98
O.O164
O.O139
CO
(g/mln)
O.OO56
O.OOO3
0.6445
O.5186
O.6316
O.64O7
O.OO27
O.OOO3
O.OO01
O.2712
O.0560
O.OO29
0.0056
O.8313
0.4931
O.OO29
O.OOO1
O.OO31
O.OO84
O.OO26
O.OO29
C02
_ (g/mln)
34.498
36.453
32. 148
28.956
28.825
27.786
3O.789
31 .289
35.781
36 . O9 1
33. 116
36.884
33.71O
36.OO2
33.535
33.894
33 . 394
33. 179
34 . O5 1
35.412
34.632
NOx
(g/roln)
O.O231
O.O115
O.O240
0.0258
O.O29O
O.O332
O.OO93
O.O052
O.O237
0.0329
O.O246
O.O141
O.O188
O.O456
0.0240
O.OO41
O.O1O8
O.O123
O.OO82
O.O224
0.0084
ane HC
(g/mln)
O.OO30
O.OO26
O.O856
O.O937
O. 1113
O.O87O
N/A
O.OO41
O.OO51
0 . 0708
O.O183
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.OO17
O.OO38
O.OO66
O.OO86
O.O149
O.O13O
METHANE
(g/mln)
O.OOO7
O.OOO8
O.O012
O.OOO4
O.OOO4
O.OO12
N/A
O.OOO6
O.OOO7
0.0007
O.OOO9
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.OOO7
O.OOO6
O.OO15
O.OO12
O.OO15
O.OOO9
METHANOL
(g/mln)
O.OO69
0.0060
N/A
O.2956
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.O342
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.4315
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
U)
-------
Emissions Data Generated During Idle Operation (Continued)
Test O2 Test
Number % CAT* Date
NO CATALYST
817923 O NONE 1-27-83
Alde-
ODOM hyde
(ml ) (mg/mln)
0% 02
6116. O 24.12
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (*5) 0% 02
817927+ O (#5) 1-28-83 6168. O
817931+ O (*5) 2-O1-83 6222. O
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 3% 02
817935+ 3 (#5) 2-O2-83 6277. O
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 0% 02
817941 O (#5) 2-O9-83 6425. O
817945 O (*5) 2-10-83 6477. O
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (/C5) 3% 02
817949 3 (#5) 2-11-83 6533. O
817953 3 (*5) 2-15-83 6587. O
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 5% 02
818394 5 (#5) 2-17-83 6685. O
818398 5 (#5) 2-18-83 6741. O
4x6-Cu Mesh (#6)
8184O6 O (#6) 2-24-83
818410 O (#6) 2-25-83
4x6-Cu Mesh (*8)
818414 3 (#6) 3-O1-83
818646 3 (#6) 3-O2-83
4x8-Cu Mesh (KB)
818650 5 (*6) 3-03-83
818654 5 (16) 3-O4-83
4x8-Pd(20) (#7)
818662 O (HI) 3-10-83
818666 0 (#7) 3-11-83
818723 O (in) 3-15-83
4x6-Pd(2O) (#7)
818727 3 (#7) 3-16-83
818731 3 (#7) 3-17-83
0% 02
6871. O
6927.2
3% 02
6997. O
7O47.7
5% 02
7104.6
7156. O
0% 02
7288.7
7345. O
7396. O
3% 02
7452. O
7504. O
N/A
N/A
N/A
13.24
13.38
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Mlns /
Ga 1 1 on
N/A
N/A
N/A
132.0
136. 0
N/A
N/A
128.0
118. 0
123. 0
127. 0
124. 0
118.0
121. 0
112.0
118. 0
124. 0
109. 0
127. 0
124. 0
126. 0
ij
O
O
0
0
O
O
0
O
O
O
O
O
O
0
O
0
O
O
O
O
O
HC
3/mln)
. 1 133
.O724
. 1084
.O997
.08O5
.0897
.09 99
. 1222
. 1337
. 1365
. 1473
. 1436
. 1611
. 14O1
. 1566
. 1705
.0272
.0766
.OO15
.O116
.0075
CO
(g/mln)
1 .047
O.4728
0.5110
0.6692
O.3648
0.4169
O.4517
O . 4O59
O.6420
O.6OO9
O.5354
O.6254
O.59O7
O.82O2
O.6746
0.5711
O.2243
O. 1233
O.O677
O.OO23
O.OO83
CO2
(g/mln)
N/A
N/A
N/A
29.871
29.361
N/A
N/A
3 1 . 26 1
33.424
32.O14
31.234
31.716
33.317
32.273
35. 19O
33.575
32.69O
37.319
32. 199
33. 168
32.526
NOx
(g/mln)
O.O242
O.021 1
O.O259
O.O299
O.O244
O.0231
O.O244
O . O299
O.O456
O.O431
0.0329
O.0262
O.O264
O.0279
O.O302
O.O296
O.OO66
0.0127
O.OO08
O.0155
O.O229
Non- Me th-
ane HC
(g/mln)
0. 1122
O.O716
O. 1O73
O.O986
0.0795
O.O889
0.0982
0.1218
0.1318
O. 1353
O. 1458
O.1421
O. 16O4
O. 1391
O. 1547
0. 1698
0 . O26O
O.0750
O.OOO5
O.O1O9
O.O063
METHANE METHANOL
(g/mln) (g/raln)
O.OO11 N/A
0.0008
O.OO11
O.O011
O.OO1O
O.OO08
O.OO17
O.OOO4
O.O019
O.OO12
O.OO15
O.OO15
O.OOO7
O.OO1O
O.OO19
O.OO07
O.OO12
O.OO16
O.OO1O
O.OOO7
O.OO12
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
-------
Emissions Data Generated During Idle Operation (Continued)
Test 02
Number % CAT//
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
818735 5 (17)
818739 5 (#7)
818976 5 (*7)
4x6-Ag(150) (#8)
818992 O (#8)
818996 0 U8)
4x6-Ag(15O) (#8)
819243 3 (*8)
819247 3 (#8)
4x6-Ag(15O) (#8)
819254 5 (#8)
819258 5 (#8)
NO CATALYST
819273 0 NONE
819279 0 NONE
82O324 O NONE
82O376 0 NONE
82O381 0 NONE
Test
Date
3-18-83
3-22-83
3-23-83
4-O7-83
4-O8-83
4-21-83
4-22-83
4-29-83
5-O4-83
5-24-83
5-25-83
5-26-83
7-06-83
7-O7-83
Alde-
OOOM hyde Mlns /
(ml ) (mq/mln) Gal Ion
5% 02
7561. 0 N/A 123. 0
7611.0 N/A 123. 0
7663.0 N/A 119. O
0% 02
7971.0
8O23.O
3% 02
8254. 0
8326.8
5% 02
8455.5
8493.5
0% 02
8762.0
8813. O
8864. O
8983. O
9O23.O
4x6-Cu - Acid Dipped (#9) 3% 02
84O122 3 (*9) 11-O8-83 9547. O
840128 3 (#9) 11-09-83 9598. O
84O134 3 (#9) 11-1O-83 9642. O
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
132. 0
123. 0
1O4.O
122. 0
111.0
116. 0
13O.O
138. 0
139.0
127. 0
128. 0
127. 0
128. 0
132. O
HC
(g/mln)
O.O233
0 . O2O7
O.0287
O.O663
O.0415
O. 1259
O.O538
O. 102O
O. 1176
O . O9 1 4
O.1059
O.O957
O.0933
O.O882
O.O986
0.0279
O.O239
CO
(g/mln)
O.OO28
O.OO55
O.OOO1
O.4556
O.4889
0.840O
O.7222
O.9658
0.8220
O.9837
0.9912
O.9613
O.7266
O.6847
O.4588
O.3218
O.28O1
C02
. (g/roln)
33.275
33.326
34.482
3O.292
32.637
37.774
32.433
35. 105
33.803
29.919
27.884
27.783
30.975
30.792
31 .275
31 .653
30.719
NOx
(g/min)
0.0243
O.0235
O.0271
O.O198
0.0187
O.0241
O.O164
O.0256
O.0245
O.0189
O.0246
O.0246
0.0186
O.0161
O.O199
0.0161
O.0163
Non-Meth-
ane HC
(g/mln)
O.O219
N/A
N/A
O.O655
O.O402
0. 1241
O.O523
O. 1O05
O.1 164
O.O899
0.1O47
O.0942
O.0918
O.O867
O.O976
O.O26B
0.0232
METHANE METHANOL
(g/mln) (a/rain)
O.OO14 N/A
N/A N/A
N/A N/A
O.OOO8
O.OO13
O.OO18
O.OO15
O.OO15
O.OO12
O.OO15
O.OO12
O.OO15
O.OO15
0.0015
O.OO1O
O.OO11
0.0007
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
cn
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 1O MPH Steady State Operation
Test 02 Test
Number % CAT* Date
4x6-12Pt:Rh(40) (#1)
816O32 O (#1) 9-16-82
815993 O (#1) 9-21-82
4x6-12Pt:Rh(40) (/CD
816OO1 3 (11) 9-29-82
4x6-12Pt:Rh(40) (»\)
816OO5 5 (#1) 9-30-82
816OO7 5 (#1) 1O-01-82
8160O9 5 (#1) 1O-O1-82
Alde-
ODQM hyde
(mi ) (ma/ml ]
0% 02
3747. O 1.9
3818.3 O.2
3% 02
3971 .8
5% 02
4O32.O
4045.0
4O78.O
1.3
1 .8
3.7
5.8
Ml les
1 Gal Ion
1O. O
1O. 1
10. 1
1O. 1
9.6
10.1
/ HC
(g/cn1)
O.O28
O.O12
O.022
O.019
O.O25
O.025
CO
(a/mi)
0.0
O.O
O.O16
O.O16
O.O
0.0
C02
(Q/roO
412
407
4O7
406
430
4O6
.091
.333
.998
. 68O
.273
.958
NOx
(g/mQ
O.O1O
O.O45
O.284
O.331
O.295
O.302
Non-Meth-
ane HC METHANE
(g/ml) (a/ml)
O.O26
O.O02
O.OO9
O.OO7
O.012
O.O12
.OO2O
.O10O
.O130
.0120
.0130
.O13O
METHANOL
(a/rot)
O.O6O
O.OO8
O.OO7
0.007
0.013
N/A
4x6-12Pt:Rh(40)
816016 3 («1) 10-08-82
816O18 3 (#1) 1O-O8-82
NO CATALYST
816024 O NONE 1O-14-82
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40) (#2)
816O29 O (#2) 1O-19-82
816570 O (*2) 11-02-82
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40) (#2)
816578 5 (*2) 11-05-82
816582+ 5 (#2) 11-18-82
NO CATALYST
816592+ O NONE 12-01-82
816598 O NONE 12-07-82
816602 O NONE 12-08-82
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20) (#3)
81661O O (#3) 12-14-82
816612 O (#3) 12-15-82
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20) (#3)
816615 3 (#3) 12-16-82
816619 3 (*3) 12-17-82
817460 3 (13) 12-21-82
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20) (#3)
817466 5 (#3) 1-O4-83
N/A 5 (#3) 1-O4-83
3% 02 (AGAIN)
4228.3 4.7 1O.3
4233.2 11.7 10.4
O.O38 O.O34 382.462 O.3O1 O.O25
0.024 O.033 394.687 O.285 O.013
3% 02
54OO.O N/A 9.7 O.025 O.O01
5448.0 N/A 9.6 O.O9O O.222
5499.O 64.SO 9.8 O.O38 O.O
5% 02
5598.6 293.06 9.8 O.1O2 O.O01
560O.O 294.49 N/A N/A N/A
.O13O
.O11O
O.OO6
O.OO9
0% 02
4351 .O
0% 02
4444. O
4623.2
5% 02
4765. O
4820. O
0% 02
5027.0
5137. O
5188. O
0% 02
5319. O
5338. O
109.2
0.2
2.0
1 .8
2.7
133.4
151 .2
129.4
N/A
N/A
1O. 2
10.5
1O. 2
10.0
9.5
9.6
9.9
10.0
1O. 2
9.8
O.
0.
0.
0.
O.
O.
O.
0.
O.
0.
.427
020
021
O23
O27
412
396
433
022
040
11.387
O.O
O.O
O.O18
O.O20
8.879
9.7O6
10.408
0.235
O. 154
382
391
4O2
413
433
415
397
394
4O4
418
.462
. 84O
.966
.033
.838
.744
.574
.668
.822
.207
O.261
O. 196
O.267
O.3O4
0.290
O.331
O.33O
O.335
O.045
O.O41
O.415
O.01O
O.O11
0.014
O.O14
O.401
O.387
O.419
N/A
O.O3O
.O12O
.O10O
.O1OO
.O09O
.0130
.011O
.OO9O
.O14O
N/A
.O1OO
1.046
0. 161
N/A
O.O22
O.O11
1. 174
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
424.816 0.279 O.O13 .O12O N/A
429.683 O.339 O.O75 .O15O N/A
421.5890.308 O.O23 .O15O O.O36
421.831 O.258 N/A N/A N/A
N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 10 MPH Steady State Operation (Continued)
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02 Test
Number % CAT/? Date
NO CATALYST
817472 O NONE 1-O5-83
4x6-Pd(40) (#4)
817474 O (#4) 1-06-83
817482 O (#4) 1-12-83
4x8-Pd(40) (#4)
817486 3 (14) 1-13-83
817490 3 (*4) 1-14-83
4x6-Pd(40) (#4)
817493 5 (H4) 1-18-83
817497 5 (*4) 1-19-83
4x6-Pd(40) (#4)
81792O O (#4) 1-25-83
NO CATALYST
817923 O NONE 1-27-83
DOOM
0% 02
5662. O
O% O2
5674.0
5805. O
3% 02
5865. O
5912. O
5% 02
5966.6
6O17.O
O% 02
6O66.O
0% 02
61 16. 0
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (15) O% 02
817927+ O (#5) 1-28-83 6168. O
817931+ O (*5) 2-01-83 6222. O
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 3% 02
817935+ 3 (*5) 2-O2-83 6277. O
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 0% 02
817941 O (*5) 2-09-83 6425. O
817945 O (#5) 2-1O-83 6477. O
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 3% 02
817949 3 (#5) 2-11-83 6533. O
817953 3 (#5) 2*15-83 6587. O
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (US) 5% 02
818394 5 (#5) 2-17-83 6685. O
818398 5 (#5) 2-18-83 6741. 0
4x6-Cu Mesh (*6)
8184O6 O (*6) 2-24-83
818410 0 (#6) 2-25-83
0% 02
6871. O
6927.2
hyde
(ma/ml )
1O6.85
41.53
< 2. 13
28.4
44. 0
81 .2
134.5
Miles /
Gal Ion
9.9
9.8
9.8
9.7
10.2
9.7
9.6
(AGAIN)
35.05 9.7
226.62
N/A
N/A
N/A
69.3
82.05
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1O. 1
1O. 3
N/A
N/A
1O. 1
9.9
1O. 1
10. 1
10. 1
HC
(g/mi)
O.528
0.176
O.033
O.043
O.043
O.O36
0.061
O. 103
O.602
O.392
O.485
O.372
O.3O3
O.261
O.287
O.376
O.549
O.531
O.671
O.628
CO
(a/nil)
1O. 429
3.459
1 .644
0.002
O.O36
O.O03
O.021
3.569
13.445
8.O7O
8.279
8.784
5 .398
4.916
5.018
5.286
9.753
8.405
7.989
7.625
C02
(a/mi)
396.796
415.500
417.695
422.212
403 .611
426.4O4
428.430
417.534
N/A
N/A
N/A
392.571
39O.249
N/A
N/A
398. 10
398.331
394 . 56O
391 .295
393.257
NOx
(a/mi)
O.365
O.
0.
O.
0.
0.
0.
0.
O.
0.
O.
0.
0.
0.
O.
0.
0.
0.
O.
O.
O41
OO5
263
243
237
260
030
300
282
285
293
286
296
286
323
341
329
3O8
305
ane HC
(a/mi)
N/A
N/A
O.02O
O.O27
0.025
O.O18
O.O46
O.090
O.591
O.381
0.475
O.362
O.292
O.249
O.271
O.362
O.534
O.517
O.656
O.615
METHANE
(fl/mt )
N/A
N/A
.013O
.016O
.O18O
.018O
.O150
.0130
.011O
.O11O
.O1OO
.01OO
.O11O
.O12O
.O16O
.O14O
.O15O
.O14O
.O15O
.O13O
METHANOL
(a/mi)
N/A
0.517
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 10 HPH Steady State Operation (Continued)
Test 02
Number % CAT*
4x6 -Cu Mesh (IB)
818414 3 (#6)
818646 3 (*6)
4x6-Cu Mesh (#6)
81865O 5 (#6)
818654 5 (*6)
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
818662 0 (#7)
818666 O (HI)
818723 O (#7)
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
818727 3 (#7)
818731 3 (#7)
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
818735 5 (#7)
818739 5 (#7)
818976 5 (#7)
4x6-Ag(150) (#8)
818992 O (MB)
818996 O (*8)
4x6-Ag(150) (#8)
819243 3 (SB)
819247 3 (#8)
4x6-Ag(150) (#8)
819255 5 (#8)
819259 5 (#8)
NO CATALYST
819274 O NONE
81928O O NONE
82O325 O NONE
82O377 O NONE
82O382 O NONE
Test
Date
3-01-83
3-02-83
3-03-83
3-O4-83
3-1O-83
3-11-83
3-15-83
3-16-83
3-17-83
3-18-83
3-22-83
3-23-83
4-O7-83
4-08-83
4-21-83
4-22-83
4-29-83
5-04-83
5-24-83
5-25-83
5-26-83
7-O6-83
7-O7-83
Alde-
ODOM hyde
(ml ) ( cng/m 1 )
3% 02
6997.0 N/A
7O47 . 7 N/A
5% 02
71O4.6
7156. O
0% 02
7288.7
7345.0
7396. O
3% 02
7452. O
7504.0
5% 02
7561 .O
761 1 .O
7663. O
0% 02
7971 .O
8O23.O
3% 02
8254. O
8326.8
5% 02
8457. O
8495.8
0% 02
8762. O
8813. O
8864. O
8983. O
9O25.O
4x6-Cu - Acid Dipped (#9) 3% 02
84O123 3 (*9) 11-08-83 9547. O
84O129 3 (*9) 11-09-83 96OO.O
84O135 3 (#9) 11-1O-83 9648. O
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Miles
Gallon
10. 0
10. 1
9.9
10.1
10. 1
10. 1
10.1
10. 0
10.1
10.1
1O. 1
9.9
1O. 2
9.9
9.8
10.1
9.8
10.0
1O. 5
10.2
10. 1
10.8
1O. 2
10.2
10.3
10. 6
/ HC
(g/mi)
O.575
O.543
0.6O8
0.677
O.2OO
0.265
O.O39
O.O74
O.O71
0.112
O. 1O9
0. 1O6
O.29O
O. 197
O.548
O.216
O.426
O.653
O.382
O.503
O.459
O.327
O.531
O.374
O.336
0.367
CO
(g/mi)
7.676
8.652
8.084
8.2O8
2.O14
2.429
2.213
0.021
0.035
O.066
O.O18
0.051
6.839
6.491
9.261
9.6O1
1O.455
9.516
10.106
1 1 . 8O4
1O.866
6.986
6.927
5.757
5.93O
5.52O
C02
(a/ml)
397.248
393.277
4O1 . 134
394.334
4O2.21O
402 . 880
4O3. 175
4 1 3 . O2 1
4O7 . 28 1
405.92
405.27
414. 168
391 .652
4O3.O87
401 .849
390.667
4O2.714
395.964
373. 66O
382.885
387.586
369. 113
390.734
393.649
389.884
38O.O15
NOx
(a/mi)
0.3O1
0.293
O.3O7
0.322
O.045
O.046
O.O1O
0.279
0.281
O.271
O.276
0.275
O.298
O.292
O.367
O.251
O.287
O.3O7
0.201
O.268
0.257
O.2O5
O.2O4
O.286
O.27O
O.278
Non-Meth-
ane HC METHANE
(a/ml) (a/ml)
0.565
O.53O
O.593
0.665
O. 187
O.249
O.023
O.O58
0.058
0 . O963
N/A
N/A
O.28O
0. 1838
0.5347
O.216O
0.4077
0.6382
O.3656
O.4863
0.4413
O.3142
0.5166
O.3637
0.3239
O.3585
.O1OO
.013O
.0150
.O12O
.O13O
.O16O
.0160
.O16O
.O13O
.O157
N/A
N/A
.01OO
.O132
.O133
.0000
.O183
.O148
.O164
.O167
.O177
.0128
.O144
.O1O3
.O121
.0085
METHANOL
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
I
M
CO
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 1O MPH Steady State Operation (Continued)
Aide- Non-Meth-
Test 02 Test DOOM Hyde Miles / HC CO C02 NOx ane HC METHANE METHANOL
Number Jf. CAT* Date (mi) (tug/ml) Gal Ion (g/ml) (a/ml) (g/rol) (g/ml) (a/ml) (a/ml) (a/ml)
NO CATALYST 0% 02
84O14O 0 NONE 2-14-84 9774.5 N/A 11.5 0.359 6.779 345.1470.173 O.3546 .OO44 N/A
84O145 O NONE 2-15-84 9827.5 N/A 11.3 O.354 6.843 352.196 O.180 O.352O .OO2O N/A
B4015O O NONE 3-O8-84 9882.2 N/A 11.2 0.404 6.986 356.3560.221 0.3969 .OO71 N/A
I
I-1
VD
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 20 MPH Steady State Operation
Test 02
Number % CAT*
4x6-5Pt:Rh(40)
814214 O STOCK
814217 0 STOCK
81422O 0 STOCK
814223 0 STOCK
NO CATALYST
815242 O NONE
815244 O NONE
815246 O NONE
NO CATALYST
815252 3 NONE
815257 3 NONE
815258 3 NONE
NO CATALYST
815266 5 NONE
815268 5 NONE
815270+ 5 NONE
4x6-12Pt:Rh(4O)
816032 O (#1)
815994 O (#1)
4x6-12Pt:Rh(40)
816OO2 3 (#1)
4x6-12Pt:Rh(40)
816OO8 5 (*1)
816O1O 5 (*1)
Test
Date
(STOCK)
6-29-82
6-30-82
7-O1-82
7-O2-82
8-13-82
8-17-82
8-17-82
8-2O-82
8-25-82
8-26-82
9-10-82
9-1O-82
9-14-82
(
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 20 MPH Steady State Operation (Continued)
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02 Test
Number % CAT* Date
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40) (12)
816579 5 (*2) 11-05-82
816582* 5 (#2) 11-18-82
NO CAT CHECK OUT
816585+ 5 NONE 11-19-82
NO CATALYST
816599 0 NONE 12-O7-82
816603 O NONE 12-08-82
4x8-3Pt:2Pd(2O) (#3)
816611 O (#3) 12-14-82
816613 0 (*3) 12-15-82
4x8-3Pt:2Pd(2O) (13)
816616 3 (#3) 12-16-82
81662O 3 (#3) 12-17-82
817461 3 (#3) 12-21-82
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(2O) (#3)
817467 5 (*3) 1-04-83
817469 5 (*3) 1-O4-83
NO CATALYST
817473 O NONE 1-O5-83
4x6-Pd(40) (#4)
817475 O (#4) 1-06-83
817483 O (#4) 1-12-83
4x6-Pd(4O) (#4)
817487 3 (#4) 1-13-83
817491 3 (#4) 1-14-83
4x6-Pd(40) (/f4)
817494 5 (#4) 1-18-83
817498+ 5 (#4) 1-19-83
NO CATALYST
817924 O NONE 1-27-83
ODOM
5% 02
4768. O
482O.O
5% 02
4888.0
0% 02
514O.O
5192. O
0% 02
5321.0
5343. O
3% 02
5403. O
5454.0
55O4 . O
5% 02
5599.6
5612. O
0% 02
5668.0
0% 02
568O.O
5808.0
3% 02
5869.0
5921 .O
5% 02
5968.4
6O2O.O
0% 02
61 18. 0
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (*5) O% 02
817928+ O (#5) 1-28-83 6172.0
817932+ O (#5) 2-O1-83 6225.0
hyde
(mg/ml )
1 .5
2. 1
N/A
98.61
94.27
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
7O.58
165.52
144.94
73.74
19.83
20.8
113.6
91.5
138.9
1O8.5
165.45
N/A
N/A
Ml les
Ga 11 on
19.4
17.0
16.2
19.5
19. 1
18.9
19. 0
18.8
18.4
19.2
19. 1
17.7
21.1
17.9
18. 1
18.9
18.5
18.6
17.2
N/A
N/A
N/A
/ HC
(g/ml)
O.O1O
O.O11
O.256
0.343
O.399
0.030
O.01 1
0.012
0.029
O.O18
0.097
0. 174
O.4O9
0. 12O
0. 134
0.055
O.O39
O:039
O. 171
O.477
0.222
0.347
CO
(g/ml)
O.OO9
O.O19
4.480
4.582
4.762
O.451
O.6O4
O.O
-0.015
0.0
O.OO9
O.3O9
5.O24
1 . 276
1 .615
O.OO9
O.O18
O.O18
0.069
6.459
4.255
4.759
C02
(g/ml)
212.475
242.229
245.691
203.264
2O6 .711
216.899
216.275
219. 1O8
223.884
214. 2O2
215.616
231 .697
185. 76O
227. 161
224.514
217.80O
221.824
221 .602
239.240
N/A
N/A
N/A
NOx
(g/mi)
0.471
0.340
O.
O.
0.
O.
O.
O.
O.
O.
0.
0.
O.
0.
O.
0.
0.
0.
O.
O.
0.
O.
356
493
521
056
O51
43O
538
477
423
38O
475
052
O37
389
459
374
668
489
417
457
ana HC
(a/ml)
0.007
0.004
0.251
O.338
O.395
N/A
0.007
O.OO8
O.023
O.012
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.128
0.051
O.034
0.032
O. 166
O.472
O.218
O.344
METHANE
(fl/ml)
.OO30
.0070
.OO50
.005O
.OO4O
N/A
.0040
.OO4O
.OO6O
.OO6O
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
.O060
.0040
.005O
.0070
.OO5O
.005O
.OO4O
.0030
METHANOL
(a/ml)
0. 1O1
O.O23
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.O55
O.O47
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.322
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
I
to
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 2O MPH Steady State Operation (Continued)
Test 02 Test
Number % CAT* Date
4x6-Pd+Base
817936+ 3 (#5)
4x8-Pd+Base
817942 O (*5)
817946+ O (#5)
4x6-Pd+Base
81795O+ 3 (#5)
817954 3 (*5)
4x6-Pd+Base
818395 5 (#5)
818399 5 (£5)
* 4x6 -Cu Mesh
818407 O (#6)
818411 O (#6)
4x6-Cu Mesh
818415 3 (*6)
818647 3 (*6)
4x6-Cu Mesh
818651 5 (#6)
818655 5 (#6)
4x6-Pd(20) (
818663 0 (HI)
818667 0 (#7)
818724 O (#7)
ODOM
(ml ) 1
Metal (35) (#5) 3% 02
2-O2-83 6282. O
Metal (35) (#5) 0% 02
2-09-83 6428. O
2-1O-83 6481. O
Metal (35) (#5) 3% 02
2-11-83 6535. O
2-15-83 6591.0
Metal (35) (*5) 5% 02
2-17-83 6688. O
2-18-83 6743.0
(#6)
2-24-83
2-25-83
(#8)
3-01-83
3-02-83
(
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 2O MPH Steady State Operation (continued)
Test 02
Number X CAT*
4x6-Ag(150)
819244 3 (#8)
819248 3 (*8)
4x8-Ag(1SO)
819256 5 (/f8)
81926O 5 (#8)
NO CATALYST
819275 O NONE
819281 O NONE
82O326 O NONE
82O378 O NONE
82O383 O NONE
82O386 O NONE
Test
Date
(#8)
4-21-83
4-22-83
(#8)
4-29-83
5-O4-83
5-24-83
5-25-83
5-26-83
7-06-83
7-O7-83
7-08-83
DOOM
(ml )
3% 02
8259. O
8392. O
5% 02
8459. O
85OO.O
O% 02
8764. O
8816. O
8868. O
8986. O
9O27.O
9O57.0
Alde-
hyde
(mg/mt )
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Non-Meth-
Mlles /
Gallon
19.4
18.8
19. 0
19.6
20.4
19. 1
19.6
2O. 4
19.9
19. 1
HC
(g/ml)
0. 198
0.309
0.365
0.366
0.364
O.487
0.430
0.259
O.391
0.494
CO
(g/ml)
4. 199
4.319
5. 194
4.473
5.300
5.622
5.069
3.845
3.687
3.620
C02
(a/ml)
2O5 .312
2 11.22O
207 . 803
2O 1 .985
191.954
204 . 77O
201 .246
194.877
199.489
208.222
NOx
(o/ml)
O.317
O.334
O.370
O.320
O.227
O.431
O.386
O.216
O.227
O.292
ane HC
(g/mi)
O. 1914
N/A
0.3578
O.36O8
O.3573
O.4817
0.4230
0.253O
0.3848
O.4872
METHANE
(a/ml)
.0066
N/A
.OO72
.0052
.0067
.OO53
.OO7O
.OO6O
.OO62
.OO68
METHANOL
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
4x6-Cu - Acid Dipped (#9) 3% 02
84O124 3 (#9) 11-O8-83 955O.O
84O13O 3 (#9) 11-O9-83 96OO.O
84O136 3 (*9) 11-1O-83 9651.0
NO CATALYST
84O141 O NONE
84O146 O NONE
B4O151 O NONE
2-14-84
2-15-84
3-O8-84
0% 02
9776.4
9829.5
9885.0
N/A 19.6 0.372 3.O12 2O3.733 O.484 0.3679 .OO41 N/A
N/A 19.7 0.394 3.354 2O1.977 O.400 O.390O .OO4O N/A
N/A 2O.2 0.377 3.056 197.817 O.388 O.3729 .OO41 N/A
N/A 22.4 O.365 3.821 176.745 O.238 O.3628 .OO22 N/A
N/A 22.2 0.31O 3.756 178.2970.198 O.3O94 .OOO6 N/A
N/A 22.8 0.322 3.743 173.BOO O.218 O.3191 .OO29 N/A
to
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 30 MPH Steady State Operation
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02 Test
Number % CAT/f Date
4x6-5Pt:Rh(40) (STOCK)
814215 0 STOCK 6-29-82
814218 O STOCK 6-3O-82
814221 O STOCK 7-O1-82
814224 0 STOCK 7-O2-82
NO CATALYST
815242 O NONE 8-13-82
815245 0 NONE 8-17-82
815247 0 NONE 8-17-82
NO CATALYST
815253 3 NONE 8-2O-82
815256 3 NONE 8-25-82
815259 3 NONE 8-26-82
NO CATALYST
815267 5 NONE 9-1O-82
815269 5 NONE 9-1O-82
815271 5 NONE 9-14-82
4x6-12Pt:Rh(4O) (#1)
816O32 O (*1) 9-16-82
815994 O (#1) 9-21-82
4xB-12Pt:Rh(4O) (#1)
816OO2 3 (#1) 9-29-82
4x6-12Pt:Rh(40) (#1)
816OO8 5 (#1) 10-O1-82
816O1O 5 (#1) 10-01-82
4x6-12Pt:Rh(4O) (#1)
816O17 3 (#1) 1O-O8-82
816O19 3 (*1) 10-08-82
NO CATALYST
816025 O NONE 10-14-82
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(40) (#2)
816563 O (#2) 1O- 19-82
816571 O (A»2) 11-02-82
ODOM
hyde
(ml ) (mg/rol )
0% 02
2685.0
2739.4
281O.O
286O.O
0% 02
3184.0
3213.0
3235.0
3% 02
3340. O
3396.0
3425.0
5% 02
3595.5
3625. O
3662.0
0% 02
3747. 0
3828.0
3% 02
3983.0
5% 02
4O65.O
41OO.O
3% 02
4229.9
4236.5
0% 02
4353.0
0% 02
445O.O
4625. O
1 .4
0.4
2.4
2.8
169.3
166.5
159.6
142. 1
141 .3
104.0
1O7. 1
108.2
13O.6
0.3
0.4
0.90
0.6
2.2
Miles /
Gal
21 .
21.
2O.
21.
21 .
21 .
21 .
21 .
2O.
21 .
21 .
21 .
21 .
21.
21 .
21 .
21 .
21 .
Ion
7
7
9
1
2
3
4
8
6
5
2
0
2
6
5
5
4
2
HC
(g/ml)
O.OO4
0.005
O.OO6
0.006
0.363
O.349
O.34O
O.327
O.336
0.314
O.319
O.321
O.323
O.OO2
O.OO3
O.O08
O.O08
0.008
CO
(g/mi)
O.O62
O.O57
O.O69
O.O58
4.387
4.393
4.622
4.296
4. 122
4. 184
4.447
4.519
4.201
O.O17
O.O28
O.O01
0.0
O.O
C02
(a/mi)
189.231
189.665
197. OO7
194.629
186.5O7
184.963
183.618
181 .356
192.444
184.098
185.846
187.998
186.415
19O.88O
191 .718
191.581
192.321
194.O49
NOx
(a/ml)
O.OO2
0.0
O.OO7
O.O
1 .212
1 .3OO
1 . IBS
1 . 147
1 .242
1 .200
1 . 158
1.211
1 . 174
O.OO2
O.OO5
1 . 14O
1. 174
1.262
ane HC
(a/ml)
0.005
O.OO2
O.OO4
O.OO2
O.362
O.348
O.339
O.326
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
O.OO1
O.OO2
O.OO4
O.OO5
O.OO4
METHANE
(a/ml)
-.OO1O
.OO3O
.0020
.OO4O
.OO10
.0010
.OO10
.O01O
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
.OO1O
.O01O
.OO4O
.0030
.OO4O
METHANOL
(a/ml)
O.OO9
O.OO3
O.009
0.001
O.897
0.773
O.788
O.848
O.924
O.897
O.93O
O.898
O.91O
O.OO2
O.OO8
O.OO2
O.OO3
N/A
(AGAIN)
2.7
3.0
1 10.4
O.5
6.7
21 .
21 .
21 .
21 .
21 .
2
6
3
7
0
O.OO8
O.OO9
0.336
O.OO6
O.OO7
O.O
O.O
4.265
0.0
O.O23
194.449
190.452
185.561
189.783
196.256
1.215
1 .210
1.26O
O.395
O.562
0.005
O.OO6
O-334
O.OO4
O.O05
.OO3O
.OO3O
.OO2O
.OO2O
.OO2O
O.O05
O.OO4
O.873
O . O24
N/A
lt^
(O
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 30 MPH Steady State Operation (Continued)
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02
Number % CAT*
Test
Date
6xRTO-12Pt:Rh(4O) (#2)
816579 5 (#2) 11-O5-82
NO CAT CHECK OUT
816585+ 5 NONE 11-19-82
NO CATALYST
816599 O NONE
816603 O NONE
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20)
816611 0 (#3)
816613 O (#3)
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20)
816616 3 (#3)
81662O 3 (#3)
817461 3 (#3)
4x6-3Pt:2Pd(20)
817467 5 (#3)
817469 5 (*3)
NO CATALYST
817473 O NONE
4x6-Pd(40) (#4)
817475 0 (#4)
817483 O (#4)
4x6-Pd(40) (#4)
817487 3 (#4)
817491 3 (#4)
4x6-Pd(40) (#4)
817494 5 (#4)
817498+ 5 (*4)
NO CATALYST
817924 O NONE
12-O7-82
12-O8-82
(#3)
12-14-82
12-15-82
(
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 30 MPH Steady State Operation (Continued)
Test 02 Test
Number % CAT* Date
Alde-
ODOM hyde Miles
(mi) (mg/ml ) Gallon
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (*5) 3% 02
817936+ 3 (*5) 2-02-83 6282. O N/A
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 0% 02
817942 O (#5) 2-O9-83 6428.0 38.05
817946+ O (*5) 2-1O-83 6481. O 47.53
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 3% 02
81795O+ 3 (#5) 2-11-83 6535. O N/A
817954 3 (#5) 2-15-83 6591. O N/A
4x6-Pd+Base Metal (35) (#5) 5% 02
818395 5 (#5) 2-17-83 6688. O
818399 5 (#5) 2-18-83 6743. O
4x6-01 Mesh (#6)
8184O7 O (#6) 2-24-83
818411 O (#6) 2-25-83
4x6 -CU Mesh (#6)
818415 3 (#6) 3-01-83
818647 3 (#6) 3-O2-83
4x6 -CU Mesh (16)
818651 5 (#6) 3-03-83
818655 5 (#6) 3-04-83
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
818663 O (#7) 3-1O-83
818667 O (#7) 3-11-83
818724 O (#7) 3-15-83
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
818728 3 (#7) 3-16-83
818732 3 (*7) 3-17-83
4x6-Pd(20) (#7)
818736 5 (#7) 3-18-83
818740 5 (/*7) 3-22-83
818977 5 (#7) 3-23-83
4x6-Ag(150) (#8)
818993 O (#8) 4-O7-83
818997 O (#8) 4-O8-83
0% 02
6874. O
693O.O
3% 02
7OOO.O
7O53 . 2
5% 02
71O8.8
7159. 1
0% 02
7294.7
7348. O
7399. O
3% 02
7454. O
75O6.0
5% 02
7563.0
7614.0
7666.0
O% 02
7974.8
8O26.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
2O. 7
21 .5
N/A
N/A
21 .2
2O. 9
21.5
21 .2
20. 9
21 .0
20. 8
21.3
2O. 5
2O. 8
2O. 7
20. 9
21 .4
21 .0
21 .4
21.1
21 .O
21.9
2O. 9
/ HC
(a/mi)
O.O97
O.O66
O.O72
0. 125
O. 137
O.258
O.252
O.394
O.4O3
O.408
O.412
O.288
0.375
0.018
O.012
O.OO9
O.OO9
O.OO8
O.OO9
O.OO9
O.O09
O.221
O.233
CO
(a/ml)
3.659
2. 199
2.548
3.246
3.977
4.576
4.47O
4.871
5.22O
4.342
5.056
3.456
4.37O
1 .332
0.862
1 . 184
-O.OO4
O.OO7
O.O11
O.O06
-.004
4.O9O
4.O86
C02
(a/ml)
192.641
187.4O3
N/A
N/A
187.662
188
184
185
187
188
189
186
192
195
197
195
192
195
192
195
196
18O
189
.833
.026
. 177
.372
.013
.016
.539
.543
.359
.413
.432
.8OO
.931
.34
.22
.370
.868
.955
NOx
1.125
1.1O9
1. 126
1.057
1.067
1 .094
1.056
1.113
1 . 119
1 . 1O7
1 . 119
O.816
1 . 113
O.O15
0.03O
O.O1O
.018
.012
.018
.074
.111
O.971
1 . 1O8
Non-Meth-
ane HC METHANE
(a/ml) (a/ml)
O.O95
O.063
O.O69
O. 122
O.132
O.254
0.247
O.39O
O.397
O.4O5
O.4O8
O.285
0.368
O.O13
0.007
O.OO4
O.OO5
O.OO4
O.OO5
N/A
N/A
O.217
O.2287
.OO2O
.O03O
.OO3O
.O03O
.OO50
.OO4O
.OO5O
.OO4O
.OO6O
.OO3O
.OO4O
.OO30
.OO70
.OO5O
.OO50
.OO5O
.0040
.OO4O
.OO4O
N/A
N/A
.OO4O
.OO43
METHANOL
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
I
ro
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 30 MPH Steady State Operation (Continued)
Aide-
Non-Meth-
Test 02
Number % CAT*
4x6-Ag(150)
819244 3 (#8)
819248 3 (#8)
4x6-Ag(15O)
819257 5 (#8)
819261 5 (*8)
NO CATALYST
819276 0 NONE
819282 0 NONE
82O327 O NONE
820379 O NONE
82O384 O NONE
Test
Date
(#8)
4-21-83
4-22-83
(#8)
4-29-83
5-O4-83
5-24-83
5-25-83
5-26-83
7-O6-83
7-O7-83
ODOM
hyde
(ml ) (mg/ml )
3% 02
8259.0
8392. O
5% 02
8464. O
85O1 .5
0% 02
8767. O
8820. O
8871 .0
8991 .O
9030 . O
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Miles /
Gal Ion
21 .9
22. 0
20.7
21.4
23.4
21. 1
21 . 1
24. 1
23.4
HC
(g/ml)
O. 134
O. 121
O.223
O.281
O.339
O.387
O.38O
0.307
O.345
CO
(g/ml)
4.383
4.898
5.213
4.745
5.207
5.283
5.24O
3.706
3.734
C02
(a/mi)
181. O73
178.946
19O.038
183.646
166.352
185.969
185.948
164. OO7
169.336
NOx
(g/ml)
0.967
O.9O8
1 .033
1 .065
O.723
1 . 1O6
1 . 115
O.783
O.811
ane HC
(a/ml)
0. 1295
N/A
0.2181
0.2768
0.3343
N/A
O.3752
O.3O32
0 . 34O5
METHANE
(a/ml)
.OO45
N/A
.OO49
.0042
.OO47
N/A
.OO48
.O038
.OO45
4X8-CU - Acid Dipped (#9) 3% 02
84O125 3 (#9)
84O131 3 (#9)
84O137 3 (19)
NO CATALYST
84O142 O NONE
84O147 0 NONE
84O152 0 NONE
1 1-O8-83
11-09-83
11-10-83
2-14-84
2-15-84
3-O8-84
956O.O
9605 . O
9655. O
0% 02
9783. O
9835. O
9889. O
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
21.2
21 .3
21 .7
23.6
23.8
24.6
O.334
O.331
O.319
O.425
O.371
O.341
3.52O
3.450
3.277
3.547
3.483
3.636
187.403
186.625
183.436
167. 66O
166.7O3
160.551
1 . 132
1. 113
1.050
0.843
O.823
O.749
O.33O6
0.327O
N/A
0.4237
0.3704
O.339O
.OO34
.OO40
N/A
.OO13
.OOO6
.OO2O
METHANOL
(a/ml)
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
I
to
-------
Emissions Data Generated During 4O MPH Steady State Operation
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02
Number % CAT/*
4x6-5Pt:Rh(4O)
814215 O STOCK
814218 O STOCK
814221 O STOCK
814224 O STOCK
NO CATALYST
815243+ O NONE
815245 O NONE
815247 O NONE
NO CATALYST
815253 3 NONE
815256 3 NONE
815259 3 NONE
NO CATALYST
815267 5 NONE
815269 5 NONE
815271 5 NONE
Test
Date
(STOCK)
6-29-82
6-3O-82
7-O1-82
7-O2-82
8-13-82
8-17-82
8-17-82
8-20-82
8-25-82
8-26-82
9-10-82
9-10-82
9-14-82
ODOM hyde
(ml ) (mg/ml )
0% 02
2685. O O.5
2739.4 O.OO
281O.O O.64
2860. O O.54
0% 02
3192. O 197.7
3213. O 17O.5
3235.0 166.3
3% 02
3340.0 15O.9
3396. O N/A
3425. O 119.9
5% 02
3595.5 113.5
3625. O 117.4
3662. O 119.6
Miles /
Ga 11 on
21 .5
20.0
20. 8
20.8
18.7
21.6
19.5
20.6
20. 1
19.8
19.4
2O. O
20.2
HC
(g/ml
O.OO2
0.002
0.001
O.OO3
O.381
O.3O9
O.329
O.29O
O.289
O.299
O.307
O.283
O.291
CO
(g/ml)
O.O16
O.O
O.O2B
O.O36
4
3
4,
4
4,
3
3,
3
4.
.229
.813
.076
.245
.082
.865
.895
.969
.074
C02
(a/ml)
191
2O6
198
198
212
183
203
192
197
201
205
198
196
.641
.162
.055
. 112
.537
. 9O6
. 190
.367
.967
.364
.590
.963
.239
NOx
(g/mi)
O.O32
O.256
O.055
O.O15
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
.843
.583
.698
.601
.693
.639
.761
.695
.627
ane HC
(a/ml)
O.OO2
O.OOO
O.OO2
O.OO3
O.381
O.308
O.328
0.289
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
METHANE
(Q/ml)
.OOOO
.002O
-.0010
.OOOO
.OOOO
.OO1O
.OO1O
.OO10
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
METHANOL
(g/ml)
O
O
O
O
1
O
0
0
O
O
O
0
O
.002
.OO1
.001
.002
.02 4
.722
.926
.774
.828
.947
.789
.743
.891
I
to
00
Testing over the 4O MPH Steady State driving cycle was terminated on 9-14-82.
-------
APPENDIX 5
Statistics with the Data
Stratified by Oxygen Level,
Test Cycle, and Individual Catalyst
-------
5-1
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40)
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
Exhaust
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
3 8.5400
3 13.886
3 .10050
3 .41600
3 292.29
3 .49670
2 .10420
2 .00530
2 .30400
Exhaust
13.180
14.011
.12220
.93400
295.34
.70000
.11590
.00630
.35300
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
3 12.880
3 13.624
3 .11310
3 .31300
3 282.42
3 1.8790
3 .10620
3 .00540
3 .29100
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
4 18.940
4 13.762
4 .10820
4 .32300
4 290.77
2 2.0731
4 .10350
4 .00470
4 .26900
17.530
14.556
.12810
.50300
300.62
2.0981
.12270
.00690
.3.1600
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
22.100
14. 107
.13830
.48100
297.66
2.1 175
.13150
.00680
.37500
is OX
MEAN
11.623
13.968
.11073
.69267
293.70
.62110
.11005
.00580
.32850
is 3%
MEAN
15.590
14.016
. 11870
.38733
293.07
2.0062
.11277
.00593
.30667
is 5%
MEAN
20.985
13.910
.12435
.39875
294.70
2.0953
.11892
.00542
.31700
STD DEV
2.6703
.07047
.01090
.26080
1.5380
.10902
.00827
.00071
.03465
STD DEV
2.4187
.48354
.00819
. 10152
9.4861
.11372
.00875
.00084
.01365
STD DEV
1.4677
.15415
.01253
.06635
3.1739
.03140
.01172
.00094
.04393
-------
5-2
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40) - Racetrack
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 9.9000
2 13.826
2 . 1 1170
2 .70300
2 291.36
2 .75530
1 .14440
1 .00500
1 .82000
MAXIMUM
13.000
14.078
. 14940
.84000
296.29
.76720
. 14440
.00500
.82000
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 13.350
3 13.672
3 .11990-
3 .23500
3 296.99
3 2.0242
3 .11530
3 .00410
0
MAXIMUM
15.140
13.827
. 13490
.50800
299.66
2.0682
.12990
.00500
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 20.810
1 13.763
1 .13130
1 .45900
1 298.39
1 2.0939
1 .12620
1 .00510
0
MAXIMUM
20.810
13.763
.13130
.45900
298.39
2.0939
. 12620
.00510
MEAN
11.450
13.952
.13055
.77150
293.82
.76125
.14440
.00500
.82000
is 3%
MEAN
14.453
13.737
.12837
.40300
298.41
' 2.0455
. 12380
.00457
is 5%
MEAN
20.810
13.763
.13130
.45900
298.39
2.0939
.12620
.00510
STD DEV
2.1920
.17847
.02666
.09687
3.4860
.00841
STD DEV
.96500
.08062
.00768
. 14700
1.3431
.02203
.00759
.00045
STD DEV
-------
5-3
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 3Pt:2Pd(20)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 29.520
3 13.648
3 .14620
3 1.3570
3 294.13
3 .83930
2 .14240
2 .00380
0
MAXIMUM
36.390
13.879
.16070
1.6460
299.37
.87030
.15490
.00580
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 72.940
2 13.365
2 .15660
2 .34500
2 304.36
2 2.0517
2 .15070
2 .00590
2 .21200
MAXIMUM
72.940
13.496
. 16360
.35500
307. 12
2.0855
.15620
.00740
.34000
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 117.30
2 13.485
2 .18100
2 .34900
2 302.97
2 1.9743
1 .19300
1 .00640
2 .29600
MAXIMUM
1 17.40
13.538
.19940
.44000
303.84
2.0929
. 19300
.00640
.42300
MEAN
32.955
13.780
.15443
1.4673
296.13
.85300
.14865
.00480
is 3%
MEAN
72.940
13.430
.16010
.35000
305.74
2.0686
.15345
.00665
.27600
is 5%
MEAN
117.35
13.51 1
.19020
.39450
303.40
2.0336
.19300
.00640
.35950
STD DEV
4.8578
.11874
.00745
.15615
2.8294
.01581
.00884
.00141
STD DEV
.09270
.00495
.00707
1.9516
.02390
.00389
.00106
.09051
STD DEV
.07071
.03755
.01301
.06435
.61518
.08386
.08980
-------
5-4
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 38.550
3 13.412
3 .15330
3 1.5870
3 299.86
3 .72610
2 .14920
2 .00410
2 .33900
MAXIMUM
46.900
13.552
. 19020
2.2850
304.39
.75480
.15770
.00590
.35200
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 59.330
2 13.367
1 .13840
2 .36500
2 304.12
2 1.9570
2 .13400
2 .00440
0
MAXIMUM
76.650
13.495
.15140
.39300
307.43
2.0082
'.14680
.00460
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 1 11.29
3 13.227
3 .15100
3 .28600
3 308.29
3 1.9532
3 .14530
3 .00490
0
MAXIMUM
172.67
13.324
. 17540
.45700
310.47
2.1090
.17010
.00570
MEAN
41.547
13.470
.16903
1.9863
301.96
.74293
.15345
.00500
.34550
is 3%
MEAN
67.990
13.431
. 14490
.37900
305.77
1 .9826
. .14040.
.00450
is 5%
MEAN
141.87
13.264
.15983
.35600
309.57
2.0516
.15453
.00530
STD DEV
4.6472
.07314
.01904
.35972
2.2837
.01498
.00601
.00127
.00919
STD DEV
12.247
.09072
.00919
.01980
2.3405
.03620
.00905
.00014
STD DEV
30.691
.05247
.01352
.08962
1.1403
.08563
.01356
.00040
-------
5-5
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd + Base Metal(35)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 118.46
1 14.141
2 .27670
2 2.7230
1 285.53
2 1.9502
2 .26960
2 .00660
0
MAXIMUM
1 19.24
14. 141
.27700
2.9780
285.53
1.9934
.27040
.00710
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 117.52
1 13.895
2 .27490
2 1.9380
1 291.97
2 1.8986
2 .26680
2 .00670
0
MAXIMUM
141.23
13.895
.281 10
2.1650
291.97
2.0035
.27440
.00810
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 253.12
3 13.749
3 .35840
3 3.3620
3 289.16
3 1.9139
3 .35200
3 .00640
0
MAXIMUM
304.58
13.914
.37090
3.9330
293.02
1.9529
.36400
.00870
MEAN
118.85
14. 141
.27685
2.8505
285.53
1 .9718
.27000
.00685
is 3%
MEAN
129.37
13.895
.27800
2.0515
291.97
1.9510
.27060
.00740
is 5%
MEAN
279.53
13.852
.36663
3.6547
290.48
1.9378
.35940
.00723
STD DEV
.55154
.00021
.18031
.03055
.00057
.00035
STD DEV
16.766
.00438
.16051
.07418
.00537
.00099
STD DEV
25.757
.08985
.00713
.28577
2.1975
.02094
.00647
.00127
-------
5-6
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Copper (Cu) Mesh
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 268.82
2 13.663
2 .90070
2 7.3100
2 285.38
2 1.8650
2 .89320
2 .00750
0
MAXIMUM
315.03
13.724
.90530
7.7200
286.85
1.9046
.89700
.00830
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 312.47
2 13.433
2, .88460
2 7.2140
2 291.51
2 1.8147
2 .87840
2 .00620
0
MAXIMUM
332.15 :
13.449
.92010
7.3710
291.94
1.8197
.91380
.00630
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 303.13
2 13.435
2 .83240
2 6.8820
2 291.39
2 1.8135
2 .82560
2 .00680
0
MAXIMUM
324.61
13.506
.90550
6.9830
293.39
1.8320
.89770
.00780
MEAN
291.92
13.693
.90300
7.5150
286.11
1.8848
.89510
.00790
is 3%
MEAN
322.31
13.441
.90235
7.2925
291.72
1.8172
.89610
.00625
is 5%
MEAN
313.87
13.471
.86895
6.9325
292.39
1 .8227
.86165
.00730
STD DEV
32.675
.04328
.00325
.28991
1.0394
.02800
.00269
.00057
STD DEV
13.916
.01124
.02510
. 1 1102
.30406
.00354
.02503
.00007
STD DEV
15.189
.05013
.05169
.07142
1.4142
.01308
.05098
.00071
-------
5-7
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd(20)
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
Exhaust
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
3 35.350
3 13.682
3 .16680
3 1.4910
3 292.75
3 .62510
3 .16210
3 .00470
0
Exhaust
48.630
13.915
.20080
2.0940
296.69
.70290
. 19340
.00880
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
2 88.670
2 13.766
2 .14590
2 ' .39400
2 294.71
2 1.8527
2 .14030
2 .00560
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
2 102.16
2 13.638
2 .12880
2 .29900
2 298.28
2 1.9065
0
0
0
99.720
13.904
.15980
.40400
297.97
1.9380
.15260
.00720
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
105.82
13.772
.14000
.32600
301.38
1.9085
is 0%
MEAN
41.030
13.810
.18483
1.8387
294.61
.66630
.17787
.00697
is 3%
MEAN
94.195
13.835
. 15285
.39900
296.34
1.8953
. 14645
.00640
is 5%
MEAN
103.99
13.705
. 13440
.31250
299.83
1.9075
STD DEV
6.8450
.11846
.01709
.31192
1.9786.
.03910
.01565
.00208
STD DEV
7.8135
.09765
.00983
.00707
2.3052
.06032
.00870
.001 13
STD DEV
2.5880
.09412
.00792
.01909
2.1920
.00141
-------
5-8
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Silver (Ag)(150)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
4 41.800
4 13.765
4 .44600
4 6.2910
4 281.64
4 2.0083
4 .43990
4 .00610
0
MAXIMUM
70.970
14.038
.61130
6.6850
287.39
2.0506
.60320
.00810
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 34.670
3 13.601
3 .35270
3 5.4730
3 284.98
3 1.9775
2 .44500
2 .00680
0
MAXIMUM
71 .040
13.877
.47810
6.4770
292.53
2.0052
.47130
.00820
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 73.800
3 13.538
3 .54180
3 6.8990
3 283.19
3 1.8919
3 .53460
3 .00720
0
MAXIMUM
102.05
13.918
.62470
7.1620
291 .46
2.0046
.61670
.00800
MEAN
59.317
13.853
.53957
6.5245
285.20
2.0282
.53247
.00710
is 3%
MEAN
51.963
13.709
.428QTO
5.9310
289.65
1.9892
.45815
.00750
is 5%
MEAN
86.950
13.747
.58603
7.0077
286.72
1.9538
.57857
.00747
STD DEV
12.762
.12764
.06870
.16915
2.6340
.01845
.06791
.00082
STD DEV
18.250
.14700
.06639
.50775
4.0831
.01436
.01860
.00099
STD DEV
14.226
.19293
.04173
.13732
4.2671
.05717
.04136
.00046
-------
5-9
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Acid Dipped Copper (Cu) Mesh
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
5 405.88
5 14.518
5 .70140
5 5.5890
5 254.25
5 1.6340
5 .69360
5 .00740
0
MAXIMUM
453.85
15.536
.88270
6.0000
272.16
1.8118
.87430
.00840
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 395.50
3 13.682
3 .91840
3 6.2500
3 284.44
3 1.9624
3 .91050
3 .00790
0
MAXIMUM
562.94
13.871
.94570
6.3660
287.54
2.0106
.93660
.00990
MEAN
425.77
14.832
.79434
5.8764
266.14
1.7562
.78638
.00796
is 3%
MEAN
460.73
13.761
.93243
6.3130
286.37
1.9900
.92347
.00897
STD DEV
20.619
.40339
.07819
.16398
6/8986
.07274
.07786
.00040
STD DEV
89.636
.09834
.01367
.05864
1.6817
.02485
.01305
.00101
-------
5-10
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd + Base Metal(5)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
3 15.262
3 .19320
3 1.0760
3 264.65
3 .81750
3 .18550
3 .00190
0
MAXIMUM
15.391
.19630
1.3660
267.24
.84520
. 19130
.00780
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
3 14.275
3 .17560
3 .49000
3 280.56
3 1.7603
3 .16840
3 .00720
0
MAXIMUM
14.570
.19510
.65000
287. 14
1.8869
. 18710
.00810
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
1 14.306
1 .21590
1 .69600
1 286.06
1 1.8386
1 .20680
1 .00910
0
MAXIMUM
14.306
.21590
.69600
286.06
1.8386
.20680
.00910
MEAN
15.314
.19427
1.2123
266.13
.83007
.18893.
.00533
is 3%
MEAN
14.459
.18283
.54867
283.23
1.8046
. 17507
.00777
is 5%
MEAN
14.306
.21590
.69600
286.06
1.8386
.20680
.00910
STD DEV
.06866
.00176
. 14577
1.3355
.01403
.00304
.00307
STD DEV
.16028
.01068
.08812
3.4608
.07137
.01044
.00049
STD DEV
-------
5-11
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For No Catalyst
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
Exhaust
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
25 111.73
28 13.399
29 .78480
29 6.0270
28 243.95
29 1.5026
24 .78040
24 .00060
4 1.7830
Exhaust
325.72
15.874
1.4519
9. 1200
292.91
2.2062
1.4475
.00970
2.4530
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
5 219.32
5 13.686
5 .78950
5 7.1570
5 278.22
5 2.0030
3 .78850
3 0.
3 2.0180
Exhaust
281.30
14.068
1 .0762
7.3910
286. 13
2.1688
.85150
.00100
2.1350
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
6 185.00
6 13.464
6 .76750
6 7.2400
6 280.11
6 1.9903
2 .83150
2 .00490
3 2.4130
233.69
13.957
1.1244
7.9500
291.15
2.1911
1.1164
.00800
2.5300
is 0%
MEAN
228.26
14.295
1.0127
7.3862
273.71
1.9560
1.0195
.00610
2.1767
is 3%
MEAN
247.01
13.934
.91690
7.2546
281.45
2.0925
.81280
.00067
2.0820
is 5%
MEAN
206.94
13.826
.90380
7.5133
283.20
2.0887
.97395
.00645
2.4617
STD DEV
51.270
.59228
.13924
.69937
11.994
.18426
.14558
.00243
.28197
STD DEV
26.029
.15061
.14370
.09183
2.9906
.05901
.03388
.00058
.05927
STD DEV
20.894
.18513
.14992
.28073
4.0980
.06531
.20145
.00219
.06093
-------
5-12
Emission Statistics for FTP Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 5Pt:Rh(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
4 17.180
6 13.922
6 .13560
6 .69500
6 278.49
4 .53040
2 .13980
2 .00290
4 .14200
MAXIMUM
26.260
14.725
.19020
.90000
294.50
1.6792
. 14650
.00310
.30300
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 15.370
1 13.752
1 .14310
1 .60300
1 297. 79
1 1.9496
1 .13600
1 .00710
1 .58700
MAXIMUM
15.370
13.752
.14310
.60300
297.79
1 .9496
. 13600
.00710
.58700
is 0%
MEAN
20.257
14.183
.15465
.78350
288.89
.83737
.14315
.00300
.20550
is 3%
MEAN
15.370
13.752
. 14310
.60300
297.79
1 .9496
. 13600
.00710
.58700
STD DEV
4.2232
.27826
.01909
.08260
5.4259
.56187
.00474
.00014
.07042
STD DEV
-------
5-13
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40)
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
Exhaust
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
3 .30000
3 17.219
3 .00300
3 .02600
3 235.59
3 .58040
3 .00270
3 0.
2 .00600
Exhaust
1.0000
17.439
.00410
.06400
239.04
.63290
" .00380
.00030
.01200
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
3 1.0000
3 17.081
3 .00810
3 0.
3 219.54
3 2.4257
3 .00590
3 .00160
3 .00400
Exhaust
1.6000
18.712
.00940
.00800
240.80
2.8921
.00690
.00250
.00500
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
4 1.7000
4 17.223
4 .00770
4 0.
4 234.86
3 2.7040
4 .00480
4 .00260
4 .00400
2.2000
17.517
.01 140
.00700
239.10
2.9207
.00800
.00340
.00900
is 0%
MEAN
.53333
17.318
.00337
.04800
237.61
.61050
.00317
.00020
.00900
is 3%
MEAN
1.2333
17.745
.00863
.00433
232.08
2.7338
.00653
.00210
.00433
is 5%
MEAN
1.9250
17.389
.00965
.00200
236.66
2.7820
.00672
.00292
.00600
STD DEV
.40415
.11160
.00064
.01970
1.8007
.02708
.00057
.00017
.00424
STD DEV
.32146
.85690
.00068
.00404
11.135
.26688
.00055
.00046
.00058
STD DEV
.20616
.12546
.00152
.00337
1.7868
.12045
.00136
.00034
.00216
-------
5-14
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40) - Racetrack
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 .80000
3 17.147
3 .00500
3 .05700
3 228.40
3 .47520
2 .00460
2 .00030
2 .00400
MAXIMUM
1.6000
18.046
.01290
.06700
239.52
.69750
.01260
.00040
.06500
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 1.6000
3 17.295
3 .00820
3 .02300
3 236.36
3 2.8026
3 .00720
3 .00100
3 .00900
MAXIMUM
2.3000
17.442
.00930
.02700
237.75
2.8602
.00800
.00140
.02300
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 2.2000
1 17.366
1 .00980
1 .02800
1 237.17
1 2.7982
1 .00830
1 .00150
1 .02700
MAXIMUM
2.2000
17.366
.00980
.02800
237.17
2.7982
.00830
.00150
.02700
MEAN
1.1667
17.721
.00830
.06233
232.43
.55043
.00860
.00035
.03450
is 3%
MEAN
2.0333
17.368
.00873
.02467
237. 16
2.8384
.00750
.00123
.01400
is 5%
MEAN
2.2000
17.366
.00980
.02800
237.17
2.7982
.00830 '
.00150
.02700
STD DEV
.40415
.49843
.00411
.00503
6.1568
.12737
.00566
.00007
.04313
STD DEV
.37859
.07341
.00055
.00208
.71988
.03127
.00044
.00021
.00781
STD DEV
-------
5-15
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 3Pt:2Pd(20)
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
Exhaust
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
2 .91000
3 16.919
3 .00610
3 .19800
3 237.26
3 .62550
2 .00520
2 .00090
0
Exhaust
1.1700
17.344
.00900
.23100
243.41
.64780
.00790
.00110
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
1 1.7000
3 16.803
3 .00950
3 0.
3 241.17
3 2.7388
3 .00600
3 .00280
2 .01100
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
2 2.9300
2 17.011
2 .00920
2 0.
2 241.45
2 2.7420
2 .00600
2 .00320
2 .00900
1.7000
17.079
.01000
.01700
244.82
2.8118
.00710
.00350
.01600
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
3.0400
17.081
.01000
.00700
242.24
2.8272
.00650
.00350
.00900
is OX
MEAN
1.0400
17.155
.00733
.21600
239.95
.63983
.00655
.00100
is 3%
MEAN
1.7000
16.918
.00980
.00567
243.39
2.7695
.00653
.00327
.01350
is 5%
MEAN
2.9850
17.046
.00960
.00350
241.84
2.7846
.00625
.00335
.00900
STD DEV
.18385
.21603
.00150
.01670
3.1465
.01244
.00191
.00014
STD DEV
.14392
.00026
.00982
1.9511
.03784
.00055
.00040
.00354
STD DEV
.07778
.04928
.00057
.00495
.55861
.06024
.00035
.00021
-------
5-16
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd(40)
.
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
CO2
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
Exhaust
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
3 .36000
1.1000
3 16.909 17.044
3 .00430
3 .29800
3 241.29
3 .42810
2 .00520
2 .00060
2 .00800
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
2 1.6700
2 17.010
2 .00730
2 .00800
2 240.64
2 2.6469
2 .00470
2 .00180
0
.00640
.34500
242.81
.57360
.00550
.00090
.02400
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
1.9000
17.081
.00900
.01400
241.56
2.6516
.00720
.00260
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
CO2
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 2.6500
2 16.940
2 .00860
2 .01000
2 241.35
2 2.7164
2 .00570
2 .00290
0
MAXIMUM
2.8000
17.081
.00940
.01400
243. 15
2.7267
.00650
.00290
is OX
MEAN
.72333
16.976
.00550
.32567
242.09
.50747
.00535
.00075
.01600
is 3%
MEAN
1.7850
17.046
.00815
.01 100
241 . 10
2.6492
.00595
.00220
is 5%
MEAN
2.7250
17.010
.00900
.01200
242.25
2.7215
.00610
.00290
STD DEV
.37018
.06745
.00108
.02458
.76370
.07365
.00021
.00021
.01131
STD DEV
.16263
.05020
.00120
.00424
.65054
.00332
.00177
.00057
STD DEV
.10607
.09942
.00057
.00283
1.2728
.00728
.00057
-------
5-17
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd + Base Metal(35)
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
Exhaust
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
2 2.6400
1 17.588
2 .01500
2 1.3040
1 232.45
2 1.5459
2 .01100
2 .00400
0
Exhaust
3.5900
17.588
.01660
1.6600
232.45
1.7229
.01200
.00460
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
2 2.7600
1 17.510
2 .01320
2 .03000
1 234.96
2 2.5670
2 .00920
2 .00390
0
Exhaust
3.2000
17.510
.01320
.06000
234.96
2.6360
.00930
.00400
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
2 11.480
2 17.553
2 .01330
2 .32900
2 230.27
2 2.6354
2 .00890
2 .00440
0
17.460
17.836
.01460
.50400
233.66
2.6455
.01000
.00460
is 0%
MEAN
3.1150
17.588
.01580
1.4820
232.45
1.6344
.01150
.00430
is 3%
MEAN
2.9800
17.510
.01320
.04500
234.96
. 2.6015
.00925
.00395
is 5%
MEAN
14.470
17.695
.01395
.41650
231.96
2.6404
.00945
.00450
STD DEV
.67175
.00113
.25173
.12516
.00071
.00042
STD DEV
.31 113
.02121
.04879
.00007
.00007
STD DEV
4.2285
.20039
.00092
.12374
2.3971
.00714
.00078
.00014
-------
5-18
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Copper (Cu) Mesh
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 125.11
2 16.699
2 .26170
2 6.8240
2 225.36
2 2.3906
2 .25610
2 .00550
0
MAXIMUM
136.31
17.365
.34630
6.9950
234.83
2.4293
.34080
.00560
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 136.34
2 16.904
2 .19410
2 6.3260
2 230.70
2 2.2578
2 .18910
2 .00500
0
MAXIMUM
137.98
17.020
.20530
6.5160
232.75
2.3029
. 19940
.00590
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 121.33
2 16.538
2 .13080
2 6.0660
2 232.81
2 2.2044
2 .12510
2 .00540
0
MAXIMUM
127.17
16.914
. 16900
6.2850
238.52
2.2086
.16360
.00570
MEAN
130.71
17.032
.30400
6.9095
230.09
2.4099
.29845
.00555
is 3%
MEAN
137. 16
16.962
.19970
6.4210
231 .72
2.2803
. 19425
.00545
is 5%
MEAN
124.25
16.726
. 14990
6.1755
235.66
2.2065
.14435
.00555
STD DEV
7.9196
.47065
.05982
.12092
6.6963
.02736
.05989
.00007
STD DEV
1.1597
.08231
.00792
. 13435
1.4496
.03189
.00728
.00064
STD DEV
4.1295
.26587
.02701
.15486
4.0376
.00297
.02722
.00021
-------
5-19
Emission Statistics for HW7 Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd(20)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
CO 2
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 1.8700
3 17.107
3 .00830
3 .31800
3 235.58
3 .29720
3 .00600
3 .00200
0
MAXIMUM
1.9900
17.398
.01090
.41200
239.92
.42240
.00890
.00230
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 2.4400
2 17.010
2 .00800
2 -.00300
2 240.70
2 2.5117
2 .00520
2 .00280
0
MAXIMUM
2.9300
17.082
.00850
.01000
241.73
2.5744
.00540
.00310
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 2.3800
3 16.871
3 .00790
3 0.
3 240.48
3 2.5116
1 .00510
1 .00330
0
MAXIMUM
3.3900
17.153
.01060
.00400
244.45
2.7254
.00510
.00330
MEAN
1.9300
17.255
.00920
.37633
237.72
.34757
.00710
.00210
is 3%
MEAN
2.6850
17.046
.00825
.00350
241.21
2.5430
.00530
.00295
is 5%
MEAN
2.9000
17.036
.00897
.00233
241.99
2.6146
.00510
.00330
STD DEV
.08485
.14522
.00147
.05094
2.1708
.06609
.00157
.00017
STD DEV
.34648
.05070
.00035
.00919
.72832
.04434
.00014
.00021
STD DEV
.50567
.14653
.00144
.00208
2.1510
. 1071 1
-------
5-20
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Silver (Ag)(150)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
CO 2
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
3 1.9200
3 17.024
3 .02090
3 4.0920
3 232.73
3 2.7203
3 .01590
3 .00450
0
Exhaust
3.1500
17.159
.02690
4.3630
235.15
2.7685
.02220
.00500
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
4 1.4500
4 16.997
4 .01630
4 3.2910
4 229.00
4 2.5562
4 .01180
4 .00430
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
3 4.5000
3 17.063
3 .02130
3 5.0320
3 210.37
3 2.2555
3 .01620
3 .00430
0
2.4400
17.532
.02280
3.6750
237.43
2.7236
.01790
.00490
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
5.3600
18.889
.02490
5.2250
233.08
2.6862
.02060
.00510
MEAN
2.3633
17. 101
.02393
4.2553
233.88
2.7431
.01920
.00473
is 3%
MEAN
1.8575
17.282
.01900
3.4687
232.63
2.6422
.01430
.00470
is 5%
MEAN
4.9467
17.822
.02333
5.1190
223.33
2.5110
.01870
.00463
STD DEV
.68311
.06971
.00300
.14382
1.2140
.02421
.00316
.00025
STD DEV
.41660
.23273
.00312
. 19305
3.7179
.07063
.00294
.00027
STD DEV
.43097
.95129
.00184
.09789
1 1.692
.22630
.00226
.00042
-------
5-21
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Acid Dipped Copper (Cu) Mesh
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 142.38
4 18.668
4 .02050
4 1.7600
4 212.31
4 1.8778
4 .01550
4 .00490
0
MAXIMUM
168.32
18.928
.03570
3.4560
216.29
2.3266
.03020
.00580
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 77.820
3 17.139
3 .02860
3 2.3220
3 233.94
3 2.5093
3 .02260
3 .00590
0
MAXIMUM
127.40
17.261
.03980
2.8030
236.21
2.5907
.03390
.00600
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
3 19.220
3 .00630
3 .12200
3 209.68
3 .85450
3 .00510
3 .00070
0
MAXIMUM
19.582
.00820
.23600
213.51
1.0487
.00570
.00250
MEAN
153.53
18.777
.02982
2.9752
214.53
2.1771
.02452
.00530
is 3%
MEAN
99.840
17.191
.03330
2.5813
235.42
2.5451
.02733
.00597
is 0%
MEAN
19.365
.00710
.16833
21 1.95
.93237
.00547
.00163
STD DEV
13.346
.11873
.00677
.81567
1.6590
.20468
.00647
.00042
STD DEV
25.250
.06268
. 00381
.24270
1.2854
.04156
.00587
.00006
STD DEV
.19131
.00098
.05992
2.0095
.10266
.00032
.00090
-------
5-22
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd + Base Metal(5)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 3%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
3 17.516
3 .01130
3 0.
3 229.66
3 2.6096
3 .00630
3 .00410
0
MAXIMUM
17.898
.01250
.00900
235.48
2.7200
.00830
.00500
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
1 17.742
1 .01440
1 .00600
1 231.97
1 2.6466
1 .00970
1 .00470
0
MAXIMUM
17.742
.01440
.00600
231.97
2.6466
.00970
.00470
MEAN
17.745
.01207
.00333
231.92
2.6509
.00750
.00457
is 5%
MEAN
17.742
.01440
.00600
231.97
2.6466
.00970
.00470
STD DEV
.20195
.00067
.00493
3.1223
.06024
.00106
.00045
STD DEV
-------
5-23
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For No Catalyst
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
Exhaust
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
26 69.130
29 16.639
30 .38310
30 4.6970
29 198.95
30 2.1862
25 .38010
25 .00050
5 .17900
Exhaust
215.12
19.736
.49160
7.0030
236.38
3.0248
.48570
.00590
.91800
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
5 129.94
5 17.081
5 .36230
5 5.7830
5 223.05
5 2.6645
3 .36180
3 0.
3 .88800
Exhaust
179.60
17.528
.47060
6.7070
228.77
2.9541
.37980
.00050
.94800
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
6 121.86
6 17.030
6 .33430
6 5.9490
6 224.12
6 2.7454
2 .39000
2 .00270
3 .79500
147.00
17.525
.47930
6.8050
230.98
2.9443
.47150
.00490
.93700
is 0%
MEAN
146.52
18.008
.43080
6.2112
218.24
2.6469
.42453
.00382
.69280
is 3%
MEAN
159.67
17.340
.40718
6.2158
226.43
2.8133
.36843
.00027
.92733
is 5%
MEAN
137.97
17.301
.39817
6.3000
226.82
2.8384
.43075
.00380
.87167
STD DEV
38.958
.99567
.03020
.72997
11.563
.23271
.03000
.00156
.30907
STD DEV
21.215
.18174
.05331
.44040
2.3445
.10315
.00989
.00025
.03408
STD DEV
8.4228
.19503
.06461
.32754
2.4939
.08537
.05763
.00156
.07168
-------
5-24
Emission Statistics for HWY Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 5Pt:Rh(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
MAXIMUM
.70000
18.201
.00400
.15000
229.10
.13320
.00120
.00330
.00700
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
4
MINIMUM
0.
17.969
.00060
.08000
225.55
.04650
.00070
-.00040
.00200
MEAN
.22500
18.084
.00165
.11000
227.44
.09182
.00090
.001 10
.00375
STD DEV
.32016
.10126
.00159
.03424
1.4719
.04113
.00026
.00195
.00222
-------
5-25
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 .03000
2 129.00
2 .00110
2 0.
2 30.121
2 .00340
2 .00010
2 .00100
2 .00430
MAXIMUM
.04000
137.00
.00450
0.
31.840
.00340
.00290
.00160
.00780
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 .28000
3 125.00
3 .00220
3 .00200
3 30.577
3 .01280
3 .00150
3 .00060
3 .00140
MAXIMUM
.37000
134.00
.02660
.17100
32.965
.02480
.02540
.00120
.01490
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 .75000
3 114.00
3 .00210
3 0.
3 31.612
3 .00810
3 .00110
3 .00090
2 .00210
MAXIMUM
1.3300
130.00
.00210
0.
36.097
.01510
.00120
.00100
.00220
MEAN
.03500
133.00
.00280
0.
30.980
.00340
.00150
.00130
.00605
is 3%
MEAN
.32500
130.67
.01073
.05933
31.443
.01740
.00990
.00083
.01000
is 5%
MEAN
.97333
122.00
.00210
0.
33.803
.01 103
.00117
.00093
.00215
STD DEV
.00707
5.6569
.00240
1.2155
.00198
.00042
.00247
STD DEV
.06364
4.9329
.01375
.09672
1.3223
.00647
.01344
.00032
.00747
STD DEV
.31214
8.0000
2.2443
.00364
.00006
.00006
.00007
-------
5-26
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40) - Racetrack
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 .45000
2 134.00
2 .00200
2 0.
2 28.273
2 .00530
2 .00130
2 .00060
1 .01260
MAXIMUM
1.3400
146.00
.00300
0.
30.639
.01690
.00240
.00070
.01260
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 1.5200
1 119.00
1 .00370
1 .00500
1 34.498
1 .02310
1 .00300
1 .00070
1 .00690
MAXIMUM
1.5200
119.00
.00370
.00500
34.498
.02310
.00300
.00070
.00690
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 132.00
2 .00270
2 0.
2 30.789
2 .00520
1 .00410
1 .00060
0
MAXIMUM
134.00
.00470
.00200
31.289
.00930
.00410
.00060
MEAN
.89500
140.00
.00250
0.
29.456
.01110
.00185
.00065
.01260
is 5%
MEAN
1.5200
119.00
.00370
.00500
34.498
.02310
.00300
.00070
.00690
is 0%
MEAN
133.00
.00370
.00100
31.039
.00725
.00410
.00060
STD DEV
.62933
8.4853
.00071
1.6730
.00820
.00078
.00007
STD DEV
STD DEV
1.4142
.00141
.00141
.35355
.00290
-------
5-27
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 3Pt:2Pd(20)
VARIABLE
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 3%
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM MEAN
STD DEV
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
1 10.380
3 112.00
3 .00580
3 0.
3 33.116
3 .02370
3 .00510
3 .00070
1 .03420
Exhaust
10.380
124.00
.07150
.27100
36.091
.03290
.07080
.00090
.03420
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
2 49.640
2 11 1.00
2 .03590
2 .00200
2 33.710
2 .01410
0
0
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
3 .45000
3 119.00
3 .00240
3 .00200
3 33.535
3 .00410
2 .00170
2 .00070
1 .43150
56.260
121.00
.07090
.00500
36.884
.01880
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
14. 160
121.00
.13710
.49300
34.632
.02400
.01300
.00090
.43150
10.380
117.00
.03217
.10900
34.996
.02707
.03140
.00077
.03420
is 5%
MEAN
52.950
116.00
.05340
.00350
35.297
.01645
is 0%
MEAN
8.7333
119.67
.05113
.16567
34.020
.01217
.00735
.00080
.43150
6.2450
.03472
.14306
1.6355
.00507
.03475
.00012
STD DEV
4.6810
7.0711
.02475
.00212
2.2444
.00332
STD DEV
7.2878
1. 1547
.07467
.28348
.55931
.01047
.00799
.00014
-------
5-28
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 3%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
CO2
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 4.0400
2 123.00
2 .00440
2 0.
2 33.179
2 .01080
2 .00380
2 .00060
0
MAXIMUM
11. 160
124.00
.00810
.00300
33.394
.01230
.00660
.00150
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
CO2
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 26.820
2 116.00
2 .00980
2 .00200
2 34.051
2 .00820
2 .00860
2 .00120
0
MAXIMUM
29.110
121 .00
.01640
.00800
35.412
.02240
.01490
.00150
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 13.240
1 136.00
2 .08050
2 .36400
1 29.361
2 .02310
2 .07950
2 .00080
0
MAXIMUM
13.380
136.00
.08970
.41600
29.361
.02440
.08890
.00100
MEAN
7.6000
123.50
.00625
.00150
33.286
.01155
.00520
.00105
is 5%
MEAN
27.965
118.50
.01310
.00500
34.731
.01530
.01175
.00135
is 0%
MEAN
13.310
136.00
.08510
.39000
29.361
.02375
.08420
.00090
STD DEV
5.0346
.70711
.00262
.00212
.15203
.00106
.00198
.00064
STD DEV
1.6193
3.5355
.00467
.00424
.96237
.01004
.00445
.00021
STD DEV
.09900
.00651
.03677
.00092
.00665
.00014
-------
5-29
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd + Base Metal(35)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 3%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
1 128.00
2 .09990
2 .40500
1 31.261
2 .02440
2 .09820
2 .00040
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
0
2 118.00
2 .13370
2 .60000
2 32.014
2 .04310
2 .13180
2 .00120
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
0
2 124.00
2 .14360
2 .53500
2 31.234
2 .02620
2 .14210
2 .00150
0
MAXIMUM
128.00
.12220
.45100
31.261
.02990
. 12180
.00170
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
123.00
. 13650
.64200
33.424
.04560
.13530
.00190
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
127.00
.14730
.62500
31.716
.03290
.14580
.00150
MEAN
128.00
.11105
.42800
31.261
.02715
. 11000
.00105
is 5%
MEAN
120.50
. 13510
.62100
32.719
.04435
.13355
.00155
is 0%
MEAN
125.50
. 14545
.58000
31.475
.02955
.14395
.00150
STD DEV
.01577
.03253
.00389
.01669
.00092
STD DEV
3.5355
.00198
.02970
.99702
.00177
.00247
.00049
STD DEV
2.1213
.00262
.06364
.34083
.00474
.00262
-------
5-30
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Copper (Cu) Mesh
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 3%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 118.00
2 .14010
2 .59000
2 32.273
2 .02640
2 .13910
2 .00070
0
MAXIMUM
121.00
.16110
.82000
33.317
.02790
.16040
.00100
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 112.00
2 .15660
2 .57100
2 33.575
2 .02960
2 .15470
2 .00070
0
MAXIMUM
118.00
.17050
.67400
35.190
.03020
. 16980
.00190
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
3 109.00
3 .00150
3 .06700
3 32.199
3 .00080
3 .00050
3 .00100
0
MAXIMUM
127.00
.07660
.22400
37.319
.01270
.07500
.00160
MEAN
119.50
.15060
.70500
32.795
.02715
.14975
.00085
is 5%
MEAN
1 15.00
.16355
.62250
34.382
.02990
.16225
.00130
is 0%
MEAN
120.00
.03510
.13800
34.069
.00670
.03383
.00127
STD DEV
2.1213
.01485
.16263
.73822
.00106
.01506
.00021
STD DEV
4.2426
.00983
.07283
1 . 1420
.00042
.01068
.00085
STD DEV
9.6437
.03817
.07957
2.8250
.00595
.03786
.00031
-------
5-31
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd(20)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 3%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 124.00
2 .00750
2 .00200
2 32.526
2 .01550
2 .00630
2 .00070
0
MAXIMUM
126.00
.01160
.00800
33.168
.02290
.01090
.00120
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
3 119.00
3 .02070
3 0.
3 33.275
3 .02350
1 .02190
1 .00140
0
MAXIMUM
123.00
.02870
.00500
34.482
.02710
.02190
.00140
MEAN
125.00
.00955
.00500
32.847
.01920
.00860
.00095
is 5%
MEAN
121.67
.02423
.00233
33.694
.02497
.02190
.00140
STD DEV
1.4142
.00290
.00424
.45396
.00523
.00325
.00035
STD DEV
2.3094
.00408
.00252
.68262
.00189
-------
5-32
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Silver (Ag)(150)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 123.00
2 .04150
2 .45500
2 30.292
2 .01870
2 .04020
2 .00080
0
MAXIMUM
132.00
.06630
.48800
32.637
.01980
.06550
.00130
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 104.00
2 .05380
2 .72200
2 32.433
2 .01640
2 .05230
2 .00150
0
MAXIMUM
122.00
.12590
.84000
37.774
.02410
. 12410
.00180
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 111.00
2 .10200
2 .82200
2 33.803
2 .02450
2 .10050
2 .00120
0
MAXIMUM
116.00
.11760
.96500
35.105
.02560
.11640
.00150
MEAN
127.50
.05390
.47150
31.464
.01925
.05285
.00105
is 3%
MEAN
113.00
.08985
.78100
35. 103
. .02025
.08820
.00165
is 5%
MEAN
113.50
.10980
.89350
34.454
.02505
.10845
.00135
STD DEV
6.3640
.01754
.02334
1.6582
.00078
.01789
.00035
STD DEV
12.728
.05098
.08344
3.7767
.00544
.05077
.00021
STD DEV
3.5355
.01103
. 101 12
.92065
.00078
.01124
.00021
-------
5-33
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Acid Dipped Copper (Cu) Mesh
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 3%
MAXIMUM MEAN
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N
0
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0
MINIMUM
127.00
.02390
.28000
30.719
.01610
.02320
.00070
132.00
.09860
.45800
31.653
.01990
.09760
.00110
129.00
.05013
.35300
31.216
.01743
.04920
.00093
STD DEV
2.6458
.04202
.09322
.46982
.00214
.04195
.00021
-------
5-34
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For No Catalyst
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
8 6.9800
12 109.00
13 .08150
13 .60200
12 26.964
13 .01150
12 .08180
12 -.00030
4 .18350
MAXIMUM
24.120
146.00
.15910
1.0470
36.002
.04560
. 11220
.00150
.24670
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 15.140
3 128.00
3 .07340
3 .57500
3 27.610
3 .01120
1 .08710
1 .00020
3 .19090
MAXIMUM
23.550
143.00
.08730
.74900
30.513
.01570
.08710
.00020
.27010
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 19.050
2 120.00
2 .09810
2 .73500
2 32.639
2 .01390
0
0
2 .29560
MAXIMUM
20.160
121.00
.09990
.77000
32.880
.01500
.30640
MEAN
15.922
130.50
.09911
.79000
30.231
.02280
.09322
.00088
.21137
is 3%
MEAN
18.200
137.67
.07890
.63733
28.647
.01270
.08710
.00020
.22723
is 5%
MEAN
19.605
120.50
.09900
.75250
32.759
.01445
.30100
STD DEV
6.0147
10.414
.02066
.15440
2.6334
.00921
.01039
.00063
.02837
STD DEV
4.6492
8.3865
.00739
.09692
1.6193
.00260
.04000
STD DEV
.78489
.70711
.00127
.02475
.17041
.00078
.00764
-------
5-35
Emission Statistics for Idle Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 5Pt:Rh(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
MAXIMUM MEAN
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
4
MINIMUM
0.
114.00
.00150
.00200
33.125
0.
.00080
.00070
.00070
.13000
124.00
.00530
.10800
36.268
.00170
.00410
.00120
.00210
.08500
119.75
.00270
.02925
34.495
.00062
.00207
.00087
.00150
STD DEV
.05802
4.3493
.00175
.05252
1.3555
.00081
.00178
.00029
.00059
-------
5-36
Emission Statistics for 10 MPH Steady State Driving
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
Cycle
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
2 .20000
2 10.000
2 .01200
2 0.
2 407.33
2 .01000
2 .00200
2 .00200
2 .00800
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
3 1.3000
3 10.100
3 .02200
3 .01600
3 382.46
3 .28400
3 .00900
.3 .01100
3 .00600
1.9000
10.100
.02800
0.
412.09
.04500
.02600
.01000
.06000
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
11.700
10.400
.03800
.03400
408.00
.30100
.02500
.01300
.00900
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 1.8000
3 9.6000
3 .01900
3 0.
3 406.68
3 .29500
3 .00700
3 .01200
2 .00700
MAXIMUM
5.8000
10.100
.02500
.01600
430.27
.33100
.01200
.01300
.01300
MEAN
1.0500
10.050
.02000
0.
409.71
.02750
.01400
.00600
.03400
is 3%
MEAN
5.9000
10.267
.02800
.02767
395.05
. .29000
.01567
.01233
.00733
is 5%
MEAN
3.7667
9.9333
.02300
.00533
414.64
.30933
.01033
.01267
.01000
STD DEV
1.2021
.07071
.01131
3.3644
.02475
.01697
.00566
.03677
STD DEV
5.3028
.15275
.00872
' .01012
12.772
.00954
.00833
.00115
.00153
STD DEV
2.0008
.28868
.00346
.00924
13.542
.01909
.00289
.00058
.00424
-------
5-37
Emission Statistics for 10 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40) - Racetrack
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 .20000
2 10.200
2 .02000
2 0.
2 391.84
2 .19600
2 .01000
2 .01000
1 .16100
MAXIMUM
2.0000
10.500
.02100
0.
402.97
.26700
.01 100
.01000
.16100
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 1.8000
1 10.000
1 .02300
1 .01800
1 413.03
1 .30400
1 .01400
1 .00900
1 .02200
MAXIMUM
1.8000
10.000
.02300
.01800
413.03
.30400
.01400
.00900
.02200
MEAN
1.1000
10.350
.02050
0.
397.40
.23150
.01050
.01000
.16100
is 5%
MEAN
1.8000
10.000
.02300
.01800
413.03
.30400
.01400
.00900
.02200
STD DEV
1.2728
.21213
.00071
7.8673
.05020
.00071
STD DEV
-------
5-38
Emission Statistics for 10 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 3Pt:2Pd(20)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 9.8000
2 .02200
2 .15400
2 404.82
2 .04100
1 .03000
1 .01000
0
MAXIMUM
10.200
.04000
.23500
418.21
.04500
.03000
.01000
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 64.800
3 9.6000
3 .02500
3 0.
3 421.59
3 .27900
3 .01300
3 .01200
1 .03600
MAXIMUM
64.800
9.8000
.09000
.22200
429.68
.33900
.07500
.01500
.03600
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 293.06
1 9.8000
1 .10200
1 .00100
1 421.83
1 .25800
0
0
0
MAXIMUM
294.49
9.8000
. 10200
.00100
421.83
.25800
MEAN
10.000
.03100
.19450
411.51
.04300
.03000
.01000
is 3%
MEAN
64.800
9.7000
.05100
.07433
425.36
.30867
.03700
.01400
.03600
is 5%
MEAN
293.77
9.8000
. 10200
.00100
421.83
.25800
STD DEV
.28284
.01273
.05728
9.4646
.00283
STD DEV
.10000
.03440
.12788
4.0746
.03001
.03329
.00173
STD DEV
1.0112
-------
5-39
Emission Statistics for 10 MPH Steady State Driving
For Catalyst: Pd(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
Cycle
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
3 2.1300
3 9.7000
3 .03300
3 1.6440
3 415.50
3 .00500
2 .02000
2 .01300
1 .51700
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
2 28.400
2 9.7000
2 .04300
2 .00200
2 403.61
2 .24300
2 .02500
2 .01600
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
2 81.200
2 9.6000
2 .03600
2 .00300
2 426.40
2 .23700
2 .01800
2 .01500
0
41.530
9.8000
.17600
3.5690
417.69
.04100
.09000
.01300
.51700
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
44.000
10.200
.04300
.03600
422.21
.26300
.02700
.01800
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
134.50
9.7000
.06100
.02100
428.43
.26000
.04600
.01800
MEAN
26.237
9.7667
.10400
2.8907
416.91
.02533
.05500
.01300
.51700
is 3%
MEAN
36.200
9.9500
.04300
.01900
412.91
. .25300
.02600
.01700
is 5%
MEAN
107.85
9.6500
.04850
.01200
427.42
.24850
.03200
.01650
STD DEV
21.127
.05774
.07150
1.0810
1.2235
.01845
.04950
STD DEV
11.031
.35355
.02404
13.153
.01414
.00141
.00141
STD DEV
37.689
.07071
.01768
.01273
1.4326
.01626
.01980
.00212
-------
5-40
Emission Statistics for 10 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd + Base Metal(35)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 69.300
1 10.300
2 .26100
2 4.9160
1 390.25
2 .28600
2 .24900
2 .01100
0
MAXIMUM
82.050
10.300
.30300
5.3980
390.25
.29600
.29200
.01200
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
1 10.100
2 .28700
2 5.0180
1 398.10
2 .28600
2 .27100
2 .01400
0
MAXIMUM
10. 100
.37600
5.2860
398. 10
.32300
.36200
.01600
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 9.9000
2 .53100
2 8.4050
2 394.56
2 .32900
2 .51700
2 .01400
0
MAXIMUM
10. 100
.54900
9.7530
398.33
.34100
.53400
.01500
MEAN
75.675
10.300
.28200
5.1570
390.25
.29100
.27050
.01150
is 3%
MEAN
10.100
.33150
5. 1520
398.10
.30450
- .31650
.01500
is 5%
MEAN
10.000
.54000
9.0790
396.45
.33500
.52550
.01450
STD DEV
9.0156
.02970
.34083
.00707
.03041
.00071
STD DEV
.06293
.18950
.02616
.06435
.00141
STD DEV
. 14142
.01273
.95318
2.6665
.00849
.01202
.00071
-------
5-41
Emission Statistics for 10 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Copper (Cu) Mesh
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 10.100
2 .62800
2 7.6250
2 391.29
2 .30500
2 .61500
2 .01300
0
MAXIMUM
10.100
.67100
7.9890
393.26
.30800
.65600
.01500
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 10.000
2 '.54300
2 7.6760
2 393.28
2 .29300
2 .53000
2 .01000
0
MAXIMUM
10. 100
.57500
8.6520
397.25
.30100
.56500
.01300
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 9.9000
2 .60800
2 8.0840
2 394.33
2 .30700
2 .59300
2 .01200
0
MAXIMUM
10. 100
.67700
8.2080
401.13
.32200
.66500
.01500
MEAN
10.100
.64950
7.8070
392.28
.30650
.63550
.01400
is 3%
MEAN
10.050
.55900
8. 1640
395.26
.29700
.54750
.01150
is 5%
MEAN
10.000
.64250
8.1460
397.73
.31450
.62900
.01350
STD DEV
.03041
.25739
1.3873
.00212
.02899
.00141
STD DEV
.07071
.432263
.69014
2.8079
.00566
.02475
.00212
STD DEV
. 14142
.04879
.08768
4.8083
.01061
.05091
.00212
-------
5-42
Emission Statistics for 10 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd(20)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
0
3 10.100
3 .03900
3 2.0140
3 402.21
3 .01000
3 .02300
3 .01300
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
0
2 10.000
2 .07100
2 .02100
2 407.28
2 .27900
2 .05800
2 .01200
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
0
3 9.9000
3 .10600
3 .01800
3 405.27
3 .27100
1 .09630
1 .01570
0
10. 100
.26500
2.4290
403.17
.04600
.24900
.01600
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
10. 100
.07400
.03500
413.02
.28100
^05800
.01600
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
10. 100
.11200
.06600
414. 17
.27600
.09630
.01570
MEAN
10.100
. 16800
2.2187
402.75
.03367
. 15300
.01500
is 3%
MEAN
10.050
.07250
.02800
410. 15
.28000
.05800
.01450
is 5%
MEAN
10.033
. 10900
.04500
408.45
.27400
.09630
.01570
STD DEV
.11635
.20756
.49449
.02050
. 11677
.00173
STD DEV
.07071
.00212
.00990
4.0588
.00141
.00212
STD DEV
. 11547
.00300
.02456
4.9603
.00265
-------
5-43
Emission Statistics for 10 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Silver (Ag)(150)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 9.9000
2 .19700
2 6.4910
2 391.65
2 .29200
2 .18380
2 .01000
0
MAXIMUM
10.200
.29000
6.8390
403.09
.29800
.28000
.01320
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 9.8000
2 .21600
2 9.2610
2 390.67
2 .25100
2 .21600
2 0.
0
MAXIMUM
10. 100
.54800
9.6010
401.85
.36700
.53470
.01330
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 9.8000
2 .42600
2 9.5160
2 395.96
2 .28700
2 .40770
2 .01480
0
MAXIMUM
10.000
.65300
10.455
402.71
.30700
.63820
.01830
MEAN
10.050
.24350
6.6650
397.37
.29500
.23190
.01 160
is 3%
MEAN
9.9500
.38*200
9.4310
396.26
.30900
.37535
.00665
is 5%
MEAN
9.9000
.53950
9.9855
399.34
.29700
.52295
.01655
STD DEV
.21213
.06576
.24607
8.0858
.00424
.06802
.00226
STD DEV
.21213
.23476
.24042
7.9069
.08202
.22535
.00940
STD DEV
. 14142
.16051
.66397
4.7730
.01414
.16299
.00247
-------
5-44
Emission Statistics for 10 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Acid Dipped Copper (Cu) Mesh
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 3%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N
0
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0
MINIMUM
10.200
.33600
5.5200
380.01
.27000
.32390
.00850
MAXIMUM
10.600
.37400
5.9300
393.65
.28600
.36370
.01210
MEAN
10.367
.35900
5.7357
387.85
.27800
.34870
.01030
STD DEV
.20817
.02022
.20583
7.0411
.00800
.02163
.00180
-------
5-45
Emission Statistics for 10 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For No Catalyst
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
MAXIMUM
226.62
11.500
.60200
13.445
397.57
.36500
.59100
.01770
1.0460
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N
5
12
13
13
12
13
12
12
1
MINIMUM
106.85
9.9000
.32700
6.7790
345.15
.17300
.31420
.00200
1.0460
MEAN
144.65
10.483
.43885
9.4363
377.43
.25385
.41996
.01 146
1.0460
STD DEV
.49.194
.57340
.08171
2.2743
18.140
.06316
.07870
.00498
-------
5-46
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 .70000
2 19.600
2 .00500
2 .00800
2 207.95
2 .00800
2 .00400
2 .00100
2 .01600
MAXIMUM
2.2000
19.800
.01100
.02500
209.63
.05300
.00900
.00200
.02200
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 1.0000
3 19.400
3 .01000
3 0.
3 208.34
3 .41300
3 .00500
3 .00400
3 .00400
MAXIMUM
2.6000
19.800
.03900
.27900
211.83
.54000
.03400
.00600
.03600
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 1.1000
2 19.400
2 .00700
2 0.
2 212.18
2 .44800
2 .00400
2 .00300
1 .00200
MAXIMUM
1 .6000
19.400
.00800
o.
212.45
.49200
.00400
.00400
.00200
MEAN
1.4500
19.700
.00800
.01650
208.79
.03050
.00650
.00150
.01900
is 3%
MEAN
1.8000
19.567
.02000
.09333
210. 12
.47767
.01500
.00500
.01500
is 5%
MEAN
1.3500
19.400
.00750
0.
212.31
.47000
.00400
.00350
.00200
STD DEV
1.0607
.14142
.00424
.01202
1.1809
.03182
.00354
.00071
.00424
STD DEV
1. 1314
.20817
.01646
.16079
1.7458
.06353
.01646
.00100
.01819
STD DEV
.35355
.00071
.18738
.03111
.00071
-------
5-47
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40) - Racetrack
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
2 .80000
2 19.600
2 .00800
2 0.
2 202.95
2 .13300
2 .00500
2 .00300
1 .03900
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
1 1.5000
1 19.400
1 .01000
1 .00900
1 212.47
1 .47100
1 .00700
1 .00300
1 .10100
1.5000
20.300
.01000
0.
210.06
.41300
.00700
.00300
.03900
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
1.5000
19.400
.01000
.00900
212.47
.47100
.00700
.00300
.10100
MEAN
1.1500
19.950
.00900
0.
206.51
.27300
.00600
.00300
.03900
is 5%
MEAN
1.5000
19.400
.01000
.00900
212.47
.47100
.00700
.00300
.10100
STD DEV
.49497
.49497
.00141
5.0275
.19799
.00141
STD DEV
-------
5-48
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 3Pt:2Pd(20)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
0
2 18.900
2 .01100
2 .45100
2 216.27
2 .05100
1 .00700
1 .00400
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
1 70.580
3 18.400
3 .01200
3 -.01500
3 214.20
3 .43000
3 .00800
3 .00400
2 .04700
19.000
.03000
.60400
216.90
.05600
.00700
.00400
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
70.580
19.200
.02900
0.
223.88
.53800
.02300
.00600
.05500
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 144.94
2 17.700
2 .09700
2 .00900
2 215.62
2 .38000
0
0
0
MAXIMUM
165.52
19.100
.17400
.30900
231 .70
.42300
MEAN
18.950
.02050
.52750
216.59
.05350
.00700
.00400
is 3%
MEAN
70.580
18.800
.01967
-.00500
219.06
.48167
.01433
.00533
.05100
is 5%
MEAN
155.23
18.400
. 13550
.15900
223.66
.40150
STD DEV
.07071
.01344
.10819
.44123
.00354
STD DEV
.40000
.00862
.00866
4.841 1
.05415
.00777
.001 15
.00566
STD DEV
14.552
.98995
.05445
.21213
11.371
.03041
-------
5-49
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving
For Catalyst: PdUO)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
Cycle
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
CO 2
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 19.830
2 17.900
2 .12000
2 1.2760
2 224.51
2 .03700
1 .12800
1 .00600
1 .32200
MAXIMUM
20.800
18.100
.13400
1.6150
227.16
.05200
.12800
.00600
.32200
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 91.500
2 18.500
2 .03900
2 .00900
2 217.80
2 .38900
2 .03400
2 .00400
0
MAXIMUM
113.60
18.900
.05500
.01800
221.82
.45900
.05100
.00500
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 138.90
1 18.600
1 .03900
1 .01800
1 221.60
1 .37400
1 .03200
1 .00700
0
MAXIMUM
138.90
18.600
.03900
.01800
221.60
.37400
.03200
.00700
MEAN
20.315
18.000
.12700
1.4455
225.84
.04450
.12800
.00600
.32200
is 3%
MEAN
102.55
18.700
.04700
.01350
219.81
: .42400
.04250
.00450
is 5%
MEAN
138.90
18.600
.03900
.01800
221.60
.37400
.03200
.00700
STD DEV
.68589
.14142
.00990
.23971
1.8717
.01061
STD DEV
15.627
.28284
.01131
.00636
2.8454
.04950
.01202
.00071
STD DEV
-------
5-50
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd + Base Metal(35)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
CO 2
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 61.380
1 19.500
1 .29500
1 3.0950
1 204.86
1 .45200
1 .29200
1 .00300
0
MAXIMUM
61.380
19.500
.29500
3.0950
204.86
.45200
.29200
.00300
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
1 18.900
1 .42800
1 4.1710
1 210.09
1 .52800
1 .42200
1 .00600
0
MAXIMUM
18.900
.42800
4.1710
210.09
.52800
.42200
.00600
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 18.400
2 .41000
2 4.1170
2 201.22
2 .40900
2 .40400
2 .00600
0
MAXIMUM
19.700
.46100
4.4760
215.24
.44500
.45500
.00600
MEAN
61.380
19.500
.29500
3.0950
204.86
.45200
.29200
.00300
is 3%
MEAN
18.900
.42800
4.1710
210.09
.52800
.42200
.00600
is 5%
MEAN
19.050
.43550
4.2965
208.23
.42700
.42950
.00600
STD DEV
STD DEV
STD DEV
.91924
.03606
.25385
9.9158
.02546
.03606
-------
5-51
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Copper (Cu) Mesh
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
0
2 18.700
2 .54500
2 4.1970
2 205.10
2 .50700
2 .53800
2 .00600
0
Exhaust
19.300
.59600
4.2260
211.75
.51500
.59000
.00700
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
0
2 18.800
2 .50000
2 3.6650
2 203.05
2 .47800
2 .49400
2 .00400
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
0
2 19.100
2 .44400
2 3.6620
2 204.61
2 .42000
2 .43900
2 .00500
0
19.100
.54200
4.4530
209.77
.55000
.53800
.00600
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
19.400
.47000
3.8080
208.63
.48800
.46500
.00500
MEAN
19.000
.57050
4.2115
208.42
.51100
.56400
.00650
is 3%
MEAN
18.950
.52100
4.0590
208.91
.51400
.51600
.00500
is 5%
MEAN
19.250
.45700
3.7350
206.62
.45400
.45200
.00500
STD DEV
.42426
.03606
.02051
4.7016
.00566
.03677
.00071
STD DEV
.21213
.02970
.55720
1.2141
.05091
.03111
.00141
STD DEV
.21213
.01838
. 10324
2.8412
.04808
.01838
-------
5-52
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd(20)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
0
3 18.900
3 .03200
3 .42600
3 210.32
3 .02300
3 .02600
3 .00500
0
Exhaust
19.400
.16800
1.2110
216.85
.12400
.16200
.00600
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
0
2 18.900
2 .07400
2 .01800
2 211.52
2 .34800
2 .07000
2 .00400
0
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
0
3 19.000
3 .03600
3 .00100
3 209.43
3 .36800
1 .12300
1 .00500
0
19.400
.11800
.05800
217.60
.38400
.1 1200
.00600
-
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
19.600
.12800
.00900
216.14
.44200
.12300
.00500
MEAN
19.100
.08733
.85400
214.00
.05733
.08167
.00567
is 3%
MEAN
19. 150
.09600
.03800
214.56
.36600
.09100
.00500
is 5%
MEAN
19.300
.08500
.00600
212.76
.40667
.12300
.00500
STD DEV
.26458
.07145
.39729
3.3415
.05774
.07128
.00058
STD DEV
.35355
.03111
.02828
4.3006
.02546
.02970
.00141
STD DEV
.30000
.04629
.00436
3.3549
.03711
-------
5-53
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Silver (Ag)(150)
VARIABLE
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM MEAN
STD DEV
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
0
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0
N
0
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
0
N
0
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
0
18.400
.28500
3.4010
205.15
.42600
.27970
.00400
Exhaust
19.500
.32300
3.4240
217.32
.42600
.31900
.00530
Oxygen Level
MINIMUM MAXIMUM
18.800
.19800
4. 1990
205.31
.31700
. 19140
.00660
Exhaust
MINIMUM
19.000
.36500
4.4730
201.98
.32000
.35780
.00520
19.400
.30900
4.3190
211.22
.33400
. 19140
.00660
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
19.600
.36600
5.1940
207.80
.37000
.36080
.00720
18.950
.30400
3.4125
211.24
.42600
.29935
.00465
is 3%
MEAN
19.100
.25350
4.2590
208.27
.32550
.19140
.00660
is 5%
MEAN
19.300
.36550
4.8335
204.89
.34500
.35930
.00620
.77782
.02687
.01626
8.6005
.02779
.00092
STD DEV
.42426
.07849
.08485
4.1776
.01202
STD DEV
.42426
.00071
.50982
4. 1 139
.03536
.00212
.00141
-------
5-54
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Acid Dipped Copper (Cu) Mesh
VARIABLE
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 3%
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM MEAN
STD DEV
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
0
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
0
19.600
.37200
3.0120
197.82
.38800
.36790
.00400
20.200
.39400
3.3540
203.73
.48400
.39000
.00410
19.833
.38100
3.1407
201.18
.42400
.37693
.00407
.32146
.01153
.18606
3.0383
.05231
.01159
.00006
-------
5-55
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving
For No Catalyst
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
Cycle
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
8 73.740
16 19.100
17 .25900
17 3.6200
16 173.80
17 .19800
16 .25300
16 .00060
4 .85400
Exhaust
165.45
22.800
.49400
6.4590
208.22
.57900
.48720
.00700
1.2190
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
3 84.800
3 19.400
3 .33400
3 3.8130
3 198.65
3 .44200
1 .33200
1 .00200
3 .82600
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
2 104.20
2 18.900
2 .32600
2 4.3070
2 207.28
2 .42700
0
0
2 1.0840
151.20
19.900
.34800
4.3120
204.73
.49600
.33200
.00200
1.2980
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
105.90
.19.100
.34400
4.4250
209.48
.43700
1.2980
MEAN
126.96
20.175
.38771
4.5064
196.67
.38094
.38227
.00411
.98075
is 3%
MEAN
123.27
19.633
.33867
4.0593
202.30
.47033
. .33200
.00200
1.0453
is 5%
MEAN
105.05
19.000
.33500
4.3660
208.38
.43200
1.1910
STD DEV
39.281
1.2741
.06212
.79240
11.782
.13661
.06321
.00220
.16778
STD DEV
34.430
.25166
.00808
.24956
3.2159
.02710
.23776
STD DEV
1.2021
. 14142
.01273
.08344
1.5578
.00707
.15132
-------
5-56
Emission Statistics for 20 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 5Pt:Rh(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
MAXIMUM
.30000
19.800
.01000
.15000
217.31
.00500
.00500
.00500
.00500
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
4
MINIMUM
.20000
18.900
.00500
.01600
207.98
-.00200
.00100
.00400
.00100
MEAN
.22500
19.375
.00700
.04975
212.30
.00075
.00233
.00433
.00275
STD DEV
.05000
.36856
.00245
.06684
3.8302
.00299
.00231
.00058
.00171
-------
5-57
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
Cycle
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 .30000
2 21.500
2 .00200
2 .01700
2 190.88
2 .00200
2 .00100
2 .00100
2 .00200
MAXIMUM
.40000
21.600
.00300
.02800
191.72
.00500
.00200
,00100
.00800
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 .90000
3 21.200
3 .00800
3 0.
3 190.45
3 1.1400
3 .00400
3 .00300
3 .00200
MAXIMUM
3.0000
21.600
.00900
.00100
194.45
1.2150
.00600
.00400
.00500
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 .60000
2 21.200
2 .00800
2 0.
2 192.32
2 1.1740
2 .00400
2 .00300
1 .00300
MAXIMUM
2.2000
21 .400
.00800
0.
194.05
1.2620
.00500
.00400
.00300
MEAN
.35000
21.550
.00250
.02250
191.30
.00350
.00150
.00100
.00500
is 3%
MEAN
2.2000
21.433
.00833
.00033
192.16
1.1883
.00500
.00333
.00367
is 5%
MEAN
1 .4000
21.300
.00800
0.
193.18
1.2180
.00450
.00350
.00300
STD DEV
.07071
.07071
.00071
.00778
.59256
.00212
.00071
.00424
STD DEV
1.1358
.20817
.00058
.00058
2.0606
.04193
.00100
.00058
.00153
STD DEV
1 . 1314
.14142
1.2219
.06222
.00071
.00071
-------
5-58
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 12Pt:Rh(40) - Racetrack
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
KG
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
N
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
MINIMUM MAXIMUM
.50000
21.000
.00600
0.
189.78
.39500
.00400
.00200
.02400
Exhaust
MINIMUM
5.6000
20.300
.01000
.02900
203. 14
1.2180
.00700
.00300
.05200
6.7000
21.700
.00700
.02300
196.26
.56200
.00500
.00200
.02400
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
5.6000
20.300
.01000
.02900
203. 14
1.2180
.00700
.00300
.05200
MEAN
3.6000
21.350
.00650
.01150
193.02
.47850
.00450
.00200
.02400
is 5%
MEAN
5.6000
20.300
.01000
.02900
203. 14
1.2180
.00700
' .00300
.05200
STD DEV
4.3841
.49497
.00071
.01626
4.5771
.11809
.00071
STD DEV
-------
5-59
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving
For Catalyst: 3Pt:2Pd(20)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
Cycle
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 20.200
2 .00600
2 .18900
2 195.77
2 .02700
1 .00900
1 .00400
0
MAXIMUM
21.000
.01300
.25000
203.14
.06100
.00900
.00400
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 70.740
3 19.400
3 .01700
3 0.
3 204.26
3 1.1940
3 .01400
3 .00300
2 .04200
MAXIMUM
70.740
20.200
.05800
.03400
21 1.46
1.2770
.05500
.00400
. 16800
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 98.950
2 19.600
2 .02400
2 .00600
2 198.28
2 1.0880
0
0
0
MAXIMUM
114.98
20.800
.10000
.12300
209.36
1.2240
MEAN
20.600
.00950
.21950
199.46
.04400
.00900
.00400
is 3%
MEAN
70.740
19.867
.03600
.01333
207.28
1.2300
.03267
.00333
.10500
is 5%
MEAN
106.96
20.200
.06200
.06450
203.82
1. 1560
STD DEV
.56569
.00495
.04313
5.2071
.02404
STD DEV
.41633
.02066
.01815
3.7359
.04258
.02074
.00058
.08910
STD DEV
11.335
.84853
.05374
.08273
7.8369
.09617
-------
5-60
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving
For Catalyst: Pd(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
Cycle
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 3.2800
2 20.200
2 .01300
2 .47500
2 201.47
2 .00500
1 .01000
1 .00300
1 .03600
MAXIMUM
3.7800
20.400
.01400
.62700
202.52
.01000
.01000
.00300
.03600
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 14.800
2 20.400
2 .00900
2 .00600
2 199.13
2 1.0260
2 .00600
2 .00300
0
MAXIMUM
21.600
20.700
.01000
.00600
201.95
1.0830
.00600
.00400
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
1 22.900
1 20.700
1 .01100
1 .00700
1 198.85
1 1.0.730
1 .00700
1 .00400
0
MAXIMUM
22.900
20.700
.01100
.00700
198.85
1.0730
.00700
.00400
MEAN
3.5300
20.300
.01350
.55100
201.99
.00750
.01000
.00300
.03600
is 3%
MEAN
18.200
20.550
.00950
.00600
200.54
1.0545
.00600
.00350
is 5%
MEAN
22.900
20.700
.01 100
.00700
198.85
1.0730
.00700
.00400
STD DEV
.35355
.14142
.00071
.10748
.74176
.00354
STD DEV
4.8083
.21213
.00071
1.9926
.04030
.00071
STD DEV
-------
5-61
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd + Base Metal(35)
VARIABLE
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM MEAN
STD DEV
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
1 38.050
1 21.500
1 .06600
1 2.1990
1 187.40
1 1.1090
1 .06300
1 .00300
0
Exhaust
38.050
21.500
.06600
2.1990
187.40
1.1090
.06300
.00300
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
0
1 21.200
1 .13700
1 3.9770
1 187.66
1 1.0670
1 .13200
1 .00500
0
Exhaust
21.200
.13700
3.9770
187.66
1.0670
.13200
.00500
Oxygen Level
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
0
2 20.900
2 .25200
2 4.4700
2 184.03
2 1.0560
2 .24700
2 .00400
0
21.500
.25800
4.5760
188.83
1.0940
.25400
.00500
38.050
21.500
.06600
2.1990
187.40
1.1090
.06300
.00300
is 3%
MEAN
21.200
. 13700
3.9770
187.66
1.0670
.13200
.00500
is 5%
MEAN
21.200
.25500
4.5230
186.43
1.0750
.25050
.00450
STD DEV
STD DEV
.42426
.00424
.07495
3.3991
.02687
.00495
.00071
-------
5-62
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Copper (Cu) Mesh
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 20.900
2 .39400
2 4.8710
2 185.18
2 1. 1 130
2 .39000
2 .00400
0
MAXIMUM
21.200
.40300
5.2200
187.37
1.1190
.39700
.00600
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 20.800
2 .40800
2 4.3420
2 188.01
2 1.1070
2 .40500
2 .00300
0
MAXIMUM
21.000
.41200
5.0560
189.02
1. 1 190
.40800
.00400
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 20.500
2 .28800
2 3.4560
2 186.54
2 .81600
2 .28500
2 .00300
0
MAXIMUM
21.300
.37500
4.3700
192.54
1.1130
.36800
.00700
MEAN
21.050
.39850
5.0455
186.27
1.1160
.39350
.00500
is 3%
MEAN
20.900
.41000
4.6990
188.51
1 . 1 130
.40650
.00350
is 57.
MEAN
20.900
.33150
3.9130
189.54
.96450
.32650
.00500
STD DEV
.21213
.00636
.24678
1.5521
.00424
.00495
.00141
STD DEV
.14142
.00283
.50487
.70923
.00849
.00212
.00071
STD DEV
.56569
.06152
.64630
4.2455
.21001
.05869
.00283
-------
5-63
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Pd(20)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
3 20.700
3 .00900
3 .86200
3 195.36
3 .01000
3 .00400
3 .00500
0
MAXIMUM
20.900
.01800
1.3320
197.41
.03000
.01300
.00500
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 21.000
2 .00800
2 -.00400
2 192.80
2 1.0120
2 .00400
2 .00400
0
MAXIMUM
21.400
.00900
.00700
195.93
1 .0180
.00500
.00400
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
3 21.000
3 .00900
3 -.00400
3 192.34
3 1.0180
1 .00500
1 .00400
0
MAXIMUM
21.400
.00900
.01100
196.37
1.1110
.00500
.00400
MEAN
20.800
.01300
1.1260
196.07
.01833
.00800
.00500
is 3%
MEAN
21.200
.00850
.00150
194.37
1.0150
.00450
.00400
is 5%
MEAN
21. 167
.00900
.00433
194.64
1 .0677
.00500
.00400
STD DEV
.10000
.00458
.24031
1.1654
.01041
.00458
STD DEV
.28284
.00071
.00778
2.2140
.00424
.00071
STD DEV
.20817
.00764
2.0760
.04682
-------
5-64
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Silver (Ag)(150)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 20.900
2 .22100
2 4.0860
2 180.87
2 .97100
2 .21700
2 .00400
0
MAXIMUM
21.900
.23300
4.0900
189.95
1.1080
.22870
.00430
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 21.900
2 .12100
2 4.3830
2 178.95
2 .90800
1 .12950
1 .00450
0
MAXIMUM
22.000
.13400
4.8980
181 .07
.96700
. 12950
.00450
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
0
2 20.700
2 .22300
2 4.7450
2 183.65
2 1.0330
2 .21810
2 .00420
0
MAXIMUM
21.400
.28100
5.2130
190.04
1.0650
.27680
.00490
MEAN
21.400
.22700
4.0880
185.41
1.0395
.22285
.00415
is 3%
MEAN
21.950
.12750
4.6405
180.01
.93750
.12950
.00450
is 5%
MEAN
21.050
.25200
4.9790
186.84
1.0490
.24745
.00455
STD DEV
.70711
.00849
.00283
6.4255
.09687
.00827
.00021
STD DEV
.07071
.00919
.36416
1 .5040
.04172
STD DEV
.49497
.04101
.33093
4.5198
.02263
.04151
.00049
-------
5-65
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: Acid Dipped Copper (Cu) Mesh
VARIABLE
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 3%
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM MEAN
STD DEV
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
0
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
0
21.200
.31900
3.2770
183.44
1.0500
.32700
.00340
21.700
.33400
3.5200
187.40
1.1320
.33060
.00400
21.400
.32800
3.4157
185.82
1.0983
.32880
.00370
.26458
.00794
.12509
2.1021
.04292
.00255
.00042
-------
5-66
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving
For No Catalyst
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
Cycle
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM MAXIMUM
8 72.280
15 19.800
16 .30700
16 3.4830
15 160.55
16 .72300
14 .30320
14 .00060
4 .77300
Exhaust
N MINIMUM
3 104.00
3 20.600
3 .31400
3 4.1220
3 181.36
3 1.1470
1 .32600
1 .00100
3 .84800
169.30
24.600
.42500
6.0040
198.55
1.3060
.42370
.00480
.89700
Oxygen Level
MAXIMUM
142.10
21.800
.33600
4.2960
192.44
1.2420
.32600
.00100
.92400
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 107.10
3 21.000
3 .31900
3 4.2010
3 185.85
3 1.1580
0
0
3 .89800
MAXIMUM
130.60
21.200
.32300
4.5190
188.00
1 .21 10
.93000
MEAN
126.84
22.093
.36125
4.5374
179.12
1.0403
.35302
.00255
.83275
is 3%
MEAN
129.13
21.300
.32567
4.2007
185.97
1.1963
.32600
.00100
.88967
is 5%
MEAN
115.30
21.133
.32100
4.3890
186.75
1 . 1810
.91267
STD DEV
34.830
1.5346
.03114
.77213
11.984
.21193
.02886
.00149
.06143
STD DEV
21.770
.62450
.01106
.08819
5.7752
.04761
.03853
STD DEV
13.262
.11547
.00200
.16675
1.1151
.02718
.01617
-------
5-67
Emission Statistics for 30 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For Catalyst: 5Pt:Rh(40)
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
MINIMUM
.40000
20.900
.00400
.05700
189.23
0.
.00200
-.00100
.00100
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
MAXIMUM MEAN
2.8000
21.700
.00600
.06900
197.01
.00700
.00500
.00400
.00900
1.7500
21.350
.00525
.06150
192.63
.00225
.00325
.00200
.00550
STD DEV
1.0755
.41231
.00096
.00545
3.8078
.00330
.00150
.00216
.00412
-------
5-68
Emission Statistics for 40 MPH Steady State Driving Cycle
For No Catalyst
Exhaust Oxygen Level is 0%
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
CO 2
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 166.30
2 19.500
2 .30900
2 3.8130
2 183.91
2 1.5830
2 .30800
2 .00100
2 .72200
MAXIMUM
170.50
21.600
.32900
4.0760
203.19
1.6980
.32800
.00100
.92600
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
2 119.90
3 19.800
3 .28900
3 3.8650
3 192.37
3 1.6010
1 .28900
1 .00100
3 .77400
MAXIMUM
150.90
20.600
.29900
4.2450
201.36
1.6930
.28900
.00100
.94700
Exhaust Oxygen Level
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N MINIMUM
3 113.50
3 19.400
3 .28300
3 3.8950
3 196.24
3 1.6270
0
0
3 .74300
MAXIMUM
119.60
20.200
.30700
4.0740
205.59
1 .7610
.89100
MEAN
168.40
20.550
.31900
3.9445
193.55
1.6405
.31800
.00100
.82400
is 3%
MEAN
135.40
20. 167
.29267
4.0640
197.23
1.6443
.28900
.00100
.84967
is 5%
MEAN
1 16.83
19.867
.29367
3.9793
200.26
1 .6943
.80767
STD DEV
2.9698
1.4849
.01414
.18597
13.636
.08132
.01414
. 14425
STD DEV
21.920
.40415
.00551
. 19064
4.5432
.04623
.08851
STD DEV
3.0892
.41633
.01222
.08995
4.8093
.06700
.07574
-------
5-69
Emission Statistics for 40 MPH Steady State Driving
For Catalyst: 5Pt:Rh(40)
Exhaust Oxygen Level is OX
Cycle
VARIABLE
Aldehyde
MPG
HC
CO
C02
NOx
Non-Methane HC
Methane
Methanol
N
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
MINIMUM
0.
20.000
.00100
0.
191.64
.01500
0.
-.00100
.00100
MAXIMUM
.64000
21.500
.00300
.03600
206.16
.25600
.00300
.00200
.00200
MEAN
.42000
20.775
.00200
.02000
198.49
.08950
.00175
.00025
.00150
STD DEV
.28612
.61305
.00082
.01566
5.9470
. 11220
.00126
.00126
.00058
-------
APPENDIX 6
Unscheduled Maintenance
on the VW Rabbit
-------
6-1
Appendix 6
Unscheduled Maintenance on the VW Rabbit
Date Problem Repair
Aug. 06, 1982 EUel pump failure Replaced with pump from
local VW dealer
Aug. 10, 1982 Ran out of fuel Refueled (no catalyst on
the vehicle)
Aug. 18, 1982 None New methanol-protected fuel
pump installed
Oct. 26, 1982 Stalls shortly after Replaced thermal switch,
cold start distributor cap and rotor
Nov. 02, 1982 EUel guage inoperative Replaced sending unit
(Nov. 8)
Nov. 04, 1982 None Hooked up digital idle
stabilizer, per VW
instructions.
Nov. 08, 1982 Starter wouldn't disengage 2 relays interchanged by
local dealer, old thermal
switch installed
Nov. 10, 1982 None New thermal switch
reinstalled
Nov. 19, 1982 High thermocouple reading Inspect catalyst, recorder
in catalyst (over 1600°F) malfunction
Dec. 02, 1982 Emissions change (NOx) EUel pump from dealer re-
installed for diagnostic
purposes
Dec. 07, 1982 Vacuum line to distributor Reconnected vacuum advance
found disconnected hose
Dec. 08, 1982 None Methanol-protected fuel
pump reinstalled
Feb. 07, 1983 NQx change New 02 sensor
Apr. 13, 1983 Failed to start on 3 New battery installed
attempts.
May 18, 1983 Stalls and rough idle Readjusted idle 00 to
during cold start specifications
May 23, 1983 Emissions change (HC) Installed new set of
spark plugs.
-------
6-2
unscheduled Maintenance on the VW Babbit - (cont'd)
Date
May 31, 1983
June 9, 1983
Problem
None
Stalling at every idle.
July 12, 1983 Difficulty in starting
(265 seconds of crank
time) and vehicle
stumbled & had poor
response.
Repair
Change fuel filter
Removed, disassembled,
cleaned, reassembled,
and then reinstalled fuel
distributor.
Riel injection parts
(including fuel pump)
removed and shipped to
Volkswagen of Germany
for repair or replacement.
Sept. 20, 1983 None
Oct. 6, 1983 Stalled & would not
restart.
Oct. 26, 1983 None
Oct. 12, 1983 Stalled & required 4
attempts to restart.
April 12, 1984 Injector #3 had only 1/2
the flow of the other 3
injectors.
Installed the fuel injec-
tion system as returned
from Germany.
Replaced fuel pressure
regulator.
Exhaust system (from
manifold to catalyst)
insulated.
Installed new 02 sensor.
Replaced screen in the
outlet of the fuel dis-
tributor to injector #3.
-------
APPENDIX 7
Steady State Data at
0, 10, 20, and 30 Miles
per Hour
-------
Summary of the Idle Test Results
with Operation as 3-Way Catalysts
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
W(40)
M + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(l50)
Cu, Acid Dipped
W + BM(5)
Oxygen
Level
(%)
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
HC
.10
.00
.00
.00
.00
.05
.09
.15
.04
.05
N/A
N/A
NMHC
.09
.00
.00
.00
.00**
.01
.08
.14
.03**
.05
N/A
N/A
Methanol
(g/min)
.21
.00
.01
.01**
N/A
.43**
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
.79
.03
.00
.00
.00
.17
.39
.58
.14
.47
N/A
N/A
NOx
.02
.00
.00
.01
.01
.01
.02
.03
.01
.02
N/A
N/A
Aldehydes
(mg/min)
15.9
.1
.0
.9
N/A
8.7
13.3
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Fuel Number
Min of
qal Tests
130
120
133
140
133
120
136**
126
120
128
N/A
N/A
Up to
13
4
2
2
2
3
2
2
3
2
0
0
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
-------
Summary of the Idle Test Results
with Operation as Oxidizing Catalysts
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2W(20)
W(40)
M + BM(35)
Cu
Bd(20)
Ag(l50)
Cu, Acid Dipped
M + BM(5)
Oxygen
Level
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
HC
.08
N/A
.01
N/A
.03
.01
.11
.15
.01
.09
.05
N/A
NMHC
.09**
N/A
.01
N/A
.03
.01
.11
.15
.01
.09
.05
N/A
Methanol
(g/min)~
.23
N/A
.01
N/A
.03**
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
.64
N/A
.06
N/A
.11
.00
.43
.70
.01
.78
.35
N/A
NQx
.01
N/A
.02
N/A
.03
.01
.03
.03
.02
.02
.02
N/A
Aldehydes
(mg/min)
18.2
N/A
.3***
N/A
10.4**
7.6
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Fuel Number
Min of
gal Tests
138
N/A
131
N/A
117
124
128**
120
125
113
129
N/A
Vf> tO
3
0
3
0
3
2
2
2
2
2
3
0
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
***based on 2 tests
I
to
-------
Sunrnary of the Idle Test Results
with Operation as Oxidizing Catalysts
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Bh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pd(40)
Pd -I- EM (35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(150)
Cu, Acid Dipped
Pd + BM(5)
Oxygen
Level
/a\
(*)
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
HC
.10
N/A
.00
.00
.05
.01
.14
.16
.02
.11
N/A
N/A
NMHC
N/A
N/A
.00
.00
N/A
.01
.13
.16
.02**
.11
N/A
N/A
Methanol
.30
N/A
.00***
.01
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
.75
N/A
.00
.01
.00
.01
.62
.62
.00
.89
N/A
N/A
NOx
.01
N/A
.01
.02
.02
.02
.04
.03
.02
.03
N/A
N/A
Aldehydes
IH^J/ nun /
19.6
N/A
1.0
1.5
53.0
28.0
N/A
N/A
123.0**
N/A
N/A
N/A
Fuel
Min
7ST
gax
120
N/A
122
119
116
118
120
115
121
114
N/A
N/A
Number
of
J«d*tS
2
0
3
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
0
0
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
***based on 2 tests
-------
Summary of the Test Data at 10 Miles per four with
3-Way Catalyst Operation
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Kh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2W(20)
W(40)
Rl + BM(35)
Cu
W(20)
Ag(l50)
None, Insulated Exhaust
Cu, Acid Dipped****
W + BM(5)****
Oxygen
Level
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
HC
.46
N/A
.02
.02
.03
.10
.28
.65
.17
.24
.37
N/A
N/A
NttiC
.44
N/A
.01
.01
.03**
.06***
.27
.64
.15
.23
.37
N/A
N/A
Methanol
(g/mi)
1.05**
N/A
.03
.16**
N/A
.52**
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
10.21
N/A
.00
.00
.19
2.89
5.16
7.81
2.22
6.67
6.87
N/A
N/A
NOx
.27
N/A
.03
.23
.04
.03
.29
.31
.03
.30
.19
N/A
N/A
Aldehydes
(rag/mi)
144.6
N/A
1.0
1.1
N/A
26.2
75.7
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
MPG
10.20
N/A
10.05
10.35
10.00
9.77
10.30**
10.10
10.10
10.05
11.33
N/A
N/A
of
Tests
10
0
2
2
2
3 -i
i
2
2
3
2
3
0
0
N/A means data are not avallable
*Racetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
***based on 2 tests
****with exhaust insulation
-------
Summary of the Test Data at 10 Miles pec Hour
with Oxidizing Catalyst Operation
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Bh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pd(40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(150)
Cu, Acid Dipped
Pd + BM(5)
Oxygen
Level
\*/
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
HC
N/A
N/A
.03
N/A
.05
.04
.33
.56
.07
.38
.36
N/A
NMHC
N/A
N/A
.02
N/A
.04
.03
.32
.55
.06
.38
.35
N/A
Methanol
iy/ in A )
N/A
N/A
.01
N/A
.04**
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
N/A
N/A
.03
N/A
.07
.02
5.15
8.16
.03
9.43
5.74
N/A
NQx
N/A
N/A
.29
N/A
.31
.25
.30
.30
.28
.31
.28
N/A
Aldehydes
IIIU/IIU 1
N/A
N/A
5.9
N/A
64.8**
36.2
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N
MPG
*n
j.1
N/A
N/A
10.27
N/A
9.70
9.95
10.10**
10.05
10.05
9.95
10.37
N/A
umber
of
aq4»Q
cou>
0
0
3
0
3
2
2
2
2
2
3
0
means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
***based on 2 tests
-------
Summary of the Test Data at 10 Miles pec Hour
with Oxidizing Catalyst Operation
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pd(40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(150)
Cu, Acid Dipped
Pd + BM(5)
Oxygen
Level
\ «/
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
HC
N/A
N/A
.02
.02
.10**
.05
.54
.64
.11
.54
N/A
N/A
NMHC
N/A
N/A
.01
.01
N/A
.03
.53
.63
.10**
.52
N/A
N/A
Methanol
ig/nu j -
N/A
N/A
.01***
.02
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
N/A
N/A
.01
.02
.00**
.01
9.08
8.15
.04
9.99
N/A
N/A
NQx
N/A
N/A
.31
.30
.26
.25
.34
.31
.27
.30
N/A
N/A
Aldehydes
/nvi Aim \
ung/nuj
N/A
N/A
3.8
1.8
293.8
107.8
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1
MPG
i
N/A
N/A
9.93
10.00
9.80
9.65
10.00
10.00
10.00
9.9
N/A
N/A
Number
of
H&04*o
i
-------
Summary of the Test E&ta at 20 Miles per tour
with 3-Way Catalyst Operation
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2W(20)
W(40)
W + BM(35)
Cu
W(20)
Ag(l50)
None/ Insulated Exhaust
Cu/ Acid Dipped****
W + BM(5)****
VAA y^^i t
Level
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
HC
.40
.01
.01
.01
.02
.13
.30
.57
.09
.30
.33
N/A
N/A
NMHC
.39
.00***
.01
.01
.01
.13**
.29
.56
.08
.30
.33
N/A
N/A
Methanol
(g/mi)
.98
.00
.02
.04**
N/A
.32**
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
4.66
.05
.02
.00
.53
1.45
3.10
4.21
.85
3.41
3.77
N/A
N/A
NOx
.42
.00
.03
.27
.05
.04
.45
.51
.05
.43
.22
N/A
N/A
Aldehydes
(mg/mi)
127.0
0.2
1.4
1.2
N/A
20.3
61.4
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
MFC
19.65
19.38
19.70
19.95
18.95
18.00
19.50
19.00
19.10
18.95
22.47
N/A
N/A
of
tests
up to
14
4
2
2
2
-j
2 ^
1
2
3
2
3
0
0
N/A means data are not available
*Raoetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
***based on 3 tests
****with exhaust insulation
-------
Summary of the Test Data at 20 Miles per Hour
with Oxidizing Catalyst Operation
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pd(40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(150)
Cu, Acid Dipped
Pd + BM(5)
Oxygen
Level
/a\
(*)
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
HC
.34
N/A
.02
N/A
.02
.05
.43
.52
.10
.25
.38
N/A
NMHC
.33**
N/A
.02
N/A
.01
.04
.42
.52
.09
.19**
.38
N/A
Methanol
ig/mij
1.05
N/A
.02
N/A
.05***
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
4.06
N/A
.09
N/A
.00
.01
4.17
4.06
.04
4.26
3.14
N/A
NOx
.47
N/A
.48
N/A
.48
.42
.53
.51
.37
.33
.42
N/A
Aldehydes
(rag/mi)
123.3
N/A
1.8***
N/A
70.6**
102.6
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1
MFC
I
19.63
N/A
19.57
N/A
18.80
18.70
18.90
18.95
19.15
19.10
19.83
N/A
Hunter
of
W»tf»feA
rests
up to
3
0
3
0
3
2
1
2
2
2
3
0
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
***based on 2 tests
00
-------
Summary of the Test Data at 20 Miles per Hour
with Oxidizing Catalyst Operation
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh{40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pd(40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(150)
Cu, Acid Dipped
Pd + EM (5)
Oxygen
Level
1*1
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
HC
.34
N/A
.01
.01
.14
.04
.44
.46
.09
.37
N/A
N/A
NMHC
N/A
N/A
.00
.01
N/A
.03
.43
.45
.12**
.36
N/A
N/A
Methanol
__ In An-S \ ___
ig/nu.) -
1.19
N/A
.00**
.10
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
4.37
N/A
.00
.01
.16
.02
4.30
3.74
.01
4.83
N/A
N/A
NOx
.43
N/A
.47
.47
.40
.37
.43
.45
.41
.34
N/A
N/A
Aldehydes
/nwl Anj \
(mg/nu.)
105.0
N/A
1.4
1.5
155.2
138.9
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1
MPG
I
19.00
N/A
19.40
19.40
18.40
18.60
19.05
19.25
19.30
19.30
N/A
N/A
Number
of
up to
2
0
2
1
2
1
2
2
3
2
0
0
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
-------
Summary of the Data at
30 Miles per Hour with 3-Way
Catalyst Operation
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Kh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2W(20)
W(40)
W + BM(35)
Cu
W(20)
Ag(l50)
None, Insulated Exhaust
Cu, Acid Dipped
M + BM(5)
Level
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
HC
.36
.01
.00
.01
.01
.01
.07
.40
.01
.23
.38
N/A
N/A
NttiC
.35
.00
.00
.00
.01**
.01**
.06
.39
.01
.22
.38
N/A
N/A
Methanol
vy/mi j "
0.83
.01
.00
.02**
N/A
.04**
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
4.76
.06
.02
.01
.22
.55
2.20
5.05
1.13
4.09
3.56
N/A
N/A
NOx
1.09
.00
.00
.48
.04
.01
1.11
1.12
.02
1.04
.80
N/A
N/A
Aldehydes
(mg/mi)
126.8
1.8
0.4
3.6
N/A
3.5
38.0
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
MPG
21.62
21.35
21.55
21.35
20.60
20.30
21.50
21.05
20.80
21.40
24.00
N/A
N/A
of
Tests
Up to 13
4
2
2
2 ^
i
2 o
1
2
3
2
3
0
0
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
***based on 2 tests
-------
Summary of the Data at
30 Miles per Hour with
Oxidizing Catalyst Operation
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pd(40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(150)
Cu, Acid Dipped
Pd + EM (5)
Oxygen
Level
(%)
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
HC
.33
N.A
.01
N/A
.04
.01
.14
.41
.01
.13
.33
N/A
NMHC
.33**
N/A
.00
N/A
.03
.01***
.13
.41
.00
.13**
.33***
N/A
Methanol
19/nu.)
.89
N/A
.00
N/A
.10***
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
4.20
N/A
.00
N/A
.01
.01
3.98
4.69
.00
4.64
3.42
N/A
NQK
1.20
N/A
1.19
N/A
1.23
1.05
1.07
1.11
1.02
.94
1.10
N/A
Aldehydes
129.1
N/A
2.2
N/A
70.7**
18.2
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Number
MPG of
21.30
N/A
21.43
N/A
19.88
20.55
21.20
20.90
21.20
21.95
21.40
N/A
3
0
3
0
3
2
1
2
2
2
3
0
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
***based on 2 tests
-------
Summary of the Data at
30 Miles per Hour with
Oxidizing Catalyst Operation
Catalyst
None
5Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)
12Pt:Rh(40)*
3Pt:2Pd(20)
Pd(40)
Pd + BM(35)
Cu
Pd(20)
Ag(150)
Cu, Acid Dipped
Pd + BM(5)
Oxygen
Level
\v)
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
HC
.32
N.A
.01
.01
.06
.01
.26
.33
.01
.25
N/A
N/A
NMHC
N/A
N/A
.00
.01
N/A
.01
.25
.33
.00**
.25
N/A
N/A
Methanol
\y/ Itil)
.91
N/A
.00**
.05
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
CO
4.39
N/A
.00
.03
.06
.01
4.52
3.91
.01
4.98
N/A
N/A
NOx
1.18
N/A
1.22
1.22
1.16
1.07
1.08
0.96
1.07
1.05
N/A
N/A
Aldehydes
/T₯VI /ml \
Ung/nu.)
115.3
N/A
1.4
5.6
107.0
22.9
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
1
MPG
i
21.13
N/A
21.30
20.30
20.20
20.70
21.20
20.90
21.17
21.05
N/A
N/A
Number
of
^^&a4*o
lescs
3
0
2
1
2
1
2
2
3
2
0
0
N/A means data are not available
*Racetrack, others are round
**based on 1 test
***based on 2 tests
N>
-------
APPENDIX 8
Initial, Low Mileage Data from the Catalyst
Durability Evaluation Program
-------
8-1
Appendix 8
Test Vehicle Description
1982 Toyota Cressida (Methanol-Fueled)
Vehicle laentification Number: MX62-083780
Engine
Type 4 Stroke Otto Cycle,
In-Line 6
Bore 83.0 x 85.0 mm
Displacement 2759 cc (168 CID)
Compression Ratio 10.0:1
Fuel Metering Two Separate Fuel
Injection Systems (The
main fuel injection
system uses pure
methanol; a seperate
cold-start fuel
injection system uses
pure gasoline.)
Drive Train
Transmission Type 4-Speed Automatic with
overdrive
Axle Ratio 3.73
Chassis
Type 4-Door Sedan
Tire Size 185/70SR14
Curb Weight 2855 pounds
Test Weight (ETW) 3000 pounds
Actual Dynamometer Horsepower .... 10.3
-------
8-2
Appendix 8
Emissions during the FTP Driving Cycle
Test 02
Number %
CAT#
Test
Date
TOYOTA CATALYST:
842014 0.0 STOCK 1-19-84
842020 0.0 STOCK 1-20-84
84202S 0.0 STOCK 1-24-84
DOOM
(km)
872.0
959.3
1044.0
Alde-
hyde Miles / HC CO C02
(mq/ml) Gallon (q/mi) (q/mi) (q/mi)
11.51 11.2786 0.1105
12.8S 11.3806 0.0984
13.87 11.6617 0.1219
1.0790 362.78
0.9272 360.25
1.0558 35O.74
STRAIGHT PIPE. NO CATALYST:
842032 0.0 NONE 1-31-84 1130.7 256.16 11.5303 1.2519 22.3398 317.59
842037 0.0 NONE 2-01-84 1220.3 259.28 11.4941 1.5837 24.9270 314.47
842042 0.0 NONE 2-O2-84 1305.8 281.30 11.5534 1.4964 25.2086 312.19
STRAIGHT PIPE. NO CATALYST (AFTER RETURN FROM TOYOTA):
Non-Meth-
NOx ane HC METHANE
(q/mi) (q/mi) (q/mn
0.0388 0.1076 O.O029O
0.0426 0.0967 O.O0172
O.0452 0.1202 0.0017O
1.7638 1.2462 0.00567
1.7253 1.5775 0.00618
1.7124 1.4896 0.0068O
842283 0
842288 0
.0 NONE
.0 NONE
2-22-84
2-23-84
1632.6
1717.0
N/A
N/A
11
1 1
.9362 1.
.9511 1.
,2629
.3383
21 .5905
23.7052
306 . 78
303 . 1 1
1 .6994
1 .6174
1.2612
1 .3355
0.00174
0.00282
3Pt:2Pd(20):
842293 0,
842295 0,
842297 0.
842299 0.
842301 0,
842303 0.
842305 0.
842307 0.
842309 0.
842331 0.
.0 (#1)
,0 (*1)
,0 (#1)
Pd(20):
,0 (*2)
,0 (#2)
0 (*2)
0 (#2)
0 (#2)
STRAIGHT
.0 NONE
,0 NONE
2-24-84
2-25-84
2-26-84
2-27-84
2-28-84
2-29-84
3-01-84
3-02-84
PIPE, NO
3-O4-84
3-05-84
17S9.2
1860.9
1923.7
1985.5
2052.2
2113.1
2173.9
2252.8
CATALYST:
2330.9
2414.5
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
12
1 1
11
1 1
1 1
1 1
1 1
11
1 1
1 1
.0699 0.
.5169 0.
.5742 0.
.4268 0.
.9869 0.
.6842 0.
.9883 0.
.9061 0.
.7326 1.
.7195 2.
. 1621
1531
141 1
1424
1694
168O
1637
1583
9871
1965
2.2912
2.5464
2.7212
1 .8250
1 .8717
3.0838
4 . 4004
2.7390
27. 1212
28.2208
336.65
353.03
35O.90
357.29
340.35
346.72
336.08
341 .42
301 .86
30O . 3O
0.2661
0.2733
0.2575
0.0852
0.0869
0.0991
0. 1044
0.0925
1 .4996
1 .5772
0. 1581
0. 1497
0. 1375
N/A
0. 1659
0. 1632'
0. 1594
0. 1546
1 .9796
N/A
0.00403
0.0034O
0.00359
N/A
0.00354
0.00484
0.00429
0.0037O
0.00754
N/A
Based on the change 1n emissions following the replacement of the injectors, the data generated
prior to March 10, 1984, may not be representative of the vehicle's performance from then on.
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST (NEW INJECTORS, AIR PUMP INSTALLED)
842336 0,
842691 0.
842696 0.
842701 0.
842703 0.
843000 0,
843002 6.
843004 6,
843006 6.
843008 0,
843013 0.
843018 0.
843156 0.
843161 0
843163 0
843165 0
843167 6
843171 6
, 0 NONE
.0 NONE
0 NONE
Pd(20):
0 U2)
.0 (*2)
,0 U2)
4 (*2)
4 (#2)
,4 (*2)
STRAIGHT
.0 NONE
STRAIGHT
,0 NONE
.0 NONE
0 NONE
3-14-84
3-15-84
3-16-84
3-17-84
3-18-84
3-19-84
3-20-84
3-21-84
3-22-84
PIPE, NO
3-23-84
PIPE, NO
4-10-84
4-1 1-84
4-12-84
3Pt:2Pd(20):
.0 (#1 ) 4-13-84
.0 (/? 1 ) 4-17-84
.0 (#1 ) 4-18-84
.2 (/"1)
.2 (#1)
4-19-84
4-24-84
2629. 1
271 1 .4
2793.7
2873.8
2934 .9
2996 . 1
3061 .9
3123.3
3134.4
CATALYST:
3250.2
CATALYST
3557.7
3538.4
3618.3
3701.3
3762.7
3823.6
3890.6
4012.5
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
(NEW
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
12
12
1'2
12
1 1
12
12
11
11
12
. 1692 0.
.2720 0.
.3265 0.
. 1713 0.
.9065 0.
.0036 0.
.0030 0.
.9361 0.
.7945 0.
. 1920 1.
INJECTORS):
12.277O 1.
12. 1 160 0.
12.3972 0.
12
12
12
12
1 1
.2409 0.
.2142 0.
.2893 0.
.1330 0.
.9512 0.
9550
9083
8979
3158
2895
2742
2932
2593
2786
0719
0521
9979
9.232
2540
2296
2312
259O
2897
9.
9
9
2.
1
1
o
0
0
12
7
8
7
2
2
2
0
0
.0980
.3026
.6525
.0756
.8313
.9883
.6892
.7083
.7568
.2762
.6501
.0454
.7391
.8905
.7702
.7308
. 330O
. 3729
321 .06
317.61
315.79
333.85
341 .65
339.23
341 .09
343.42
346.63
314.92
320,04
323.95
316.54
330.95
332.07
329.53
337 .52
342.99
2. 1493
2.0895
2 . 0049
0. 3237
0.3399
0 . 300 1
1.3115
1.3317
1 .3220
1 .9574
2. 1168
2. 1949
2. 1305
0.5169
0.5206
0.4965
1 .3428
1 .4140
0.9522
N/A
0.8973
0 . 3 1 30
0.2892
0.2731
0.2917
0.2591
0.2783
1.0692
1 .0433
0.9889
0.9191
0.2438
0.2200
0.2231
0.2509
0.2805
0.00277
N/A
0 . 00056
0.00279
0.00034
0.00106
0.00152
0 . 00024
0.00035
0.00271
0.00879
0.00897
0 . 00909
0.01025
0.00958
0.00810
0 . 008 1 1
0.0092O
-------
8-3
Appendix 8
Emissions durlna the HWY Drlvina Cycle
Test 02
Number % CAT*
842015 0.
842021 0.
842027 0.
842033 0.
842038 0.
842282 0.
842284 0.
842289 0.
842294 0.
842296 0.
842298 0.
842300 0.
842302 0.
842304 0.
842306 0.
842308 0.
842310 0.
842332 0.
Test
Date
TOYOTA CATALYST:
0 STOCK 1-19-84
0 STOCK 1-20-84
0 STOCK 1-24-84
STRAIGHT
0 NONE
0 NONE
0 NONE
STRAIGHT
0 NONE
O NONE
PIPE, NO
1-31-84
2-01-84
2-02-84
PIPE, NO
2-22-84
2-23-84
3Pt:2Pd(20):
0 (#1) 2-24-84
0 (#1 ) 2-25-84
0 (
-------
Test 02 Test
Number _%_ CAT0 Date
8-4
Appendix 8
Emissions during Idle
Alde-
hyde Mlns /
(mq/rnln) Gallon
HC
(g/m1n)
CO
(q/min)
Non-Meth-
C02 NOx ane HC METHANE
(q/mln) (g/min) (q/mln) (q/min)
TOYOTA CATALYST:
842016 0.0 STOCK 1-19-84 895.2 0.56S 94.0 O.OO15 0.0135 43.9187 0.0008 O.OO08 0.0007
842022 0.0 STOCK 1-20-84 1008.4 0.149 91.0 0.0003 O.O457 44.9817 0.0000 0.0002 0.0001
842028 0.0 STOCK 1-24-84 1094.0 0.00 102.0 0.0007 0.0054 4O.3118 O.OOOO 0.0006 O.OOO1
Based on the change In emissions following the replacement of the injectors, the data generated
prior to March 10, 1984, may not be representative of the vehicle's performance from then on.
-------
8-5
Test 02
Number %
Appendix 8
Emissions during Steady State Driving at 10 MPH
Aide-
Test DOOM hyde Miles / HC CO C02
Date (km) (mg/ml) Gallon (q/mi) (q/ml) (q/nH)
Non-Meth-
NOx ane HC METHANE
(q/ml) (g/fM) (g/ml)
2.54
1.85
2.26
4.58
i7.85
7.8
7.9
13. 0
8.7
8.9
0
0
0
3
6
.006
.010
.005
.585
.569
0.
2.
0.
52.
53.
897
239
111
,889
,996
524
518
317
379
358
.012
.317
. 197
.000
.515
O.005
O.OOO
0.005
0.668
0.634
0,
0,
0,
3,
6,
.003O
.0092
.0042
.5658
.5480
0.003
0.001
0.001
0.019
0.020
TOYOTA CATALYST:
842017 0.0 STOCK 1-19-84 898.4
842023 0.0 STOCK 1-20-84 1008.5
842029 0.0 STOCK 1-24-84 1094.0
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST:
842034 0.0 NONE 1-31-84 1181.0 5;
842039 0.0 NONE 2-01-84 1270.6 5
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST (AFTER RETURN FROM TOYOTA):
842285 0.0 NONE 2-22-84 1670.2 N/A 8.9 4.786 52.632 366.075 O.557 4.7792 0.007
842290 0.0 NONE 2-23-84 1767.0 N/A 8.9 8.565 54.298 347.667 0.650 8.5553 0.010
3Pt:2Pd(20):
Pd(20):
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST:
842311 0.0 NONE 3-04-84 2383.4 N/A
842333 0.0 NONE 3-05-84 2468.8 N/A
8.9 9.728 48.269 357.579 0.698 9.7181 0.010
8.3 10.325 53.035 379.688 0.837 N/A N/A
Based on the change 1n emissions following the replacement of the injectors, the data-generated
prior to March 10, 1984, may not be representative of the vehicle's performance from then on.
842338 0.0 NONE
842693 0.0 NONE
.842698 0.0 NONE
Pd(20):
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST
3-14-84 2680.0
3-15-84 2764.5
3-16-84 2844.0
(NEW INJECTORS, AIR PUMP INSTALLED):
N/A 9.6 0.590 11.036 408.019 0.432
N/A 9.3 0.591 11.642 420.458 0.573
N/A 13.9 0.56O 7.465 282.155 0.258
STRAIGHT PIPE. NO CATALYST:
843010 0.0 NONE 3-23-84 3300.1 N/A
9.6
1.140 21.971 389.323 0.431
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST (NEW INJECTORS):
843015 0.0 NONE
843153 0.0 NONE
843158 0.0 NONE
4-10-84 3507.0 N/A
4-11-84 35S8.0 N/A
4-12-84 3670.9 N/A
9.7 0.639
9.9 0.656
9.5' 0.625
10.188
11 .869
9.856
406.570
396.946
417.580
0.485
0.429
0.577
0.5859 0.004
N/A N/A
0.5603 0.000
N/A
N/A
0.6229 0.016
0.6366 0.019
0.6097 0.016
3Pt:2Pd(20):
-------
8-6
Appendix 8
Emissions during Steady State Driving at 20 MPH
Test 02
Number % CATl
TOYOTA C/
842018 0.0 STOCK
842024 0.0 STOCK
842030 0.0 STOCK
842035 0
842040 0.
842286 0,
842291 0
STRAIGHT
.0 NONE
. 0 NONE
STRAIGHT
.0 NONE
. 0 NONE
Test
Date
VTALYST:
1-19-84
1-20-84
1-24-84
PIPE, NO
1-31-84
2-01-84
PIPE, NO
2-22-84
2-23-84
Aide- Non-Meth-
ODOM hyda Miles / HC CO C02 NOx ane HC METHANE
(km) (ma/ml) Gallon (q/ml) (q/ml) 'a/ml) (q/ml) (q/ml) (q/ml)
935
1016
1106
.0 1.42 15.5 0.012 0.394
.6 7.17 15.3 0.009 0.397
.2 3.88 16.0 0.012 0.517
CATALYST :
1194.0 185.26 16.6 0.761 23.438
1278.0 161.18 17.4 0.771 22.159
CATALYST (AFTER RETURN FROM TOYOTA):
1686.6 N/A 17.6 0.767 21.896
1770.0 N/A 17.1 1.248 26.105
265.116 0.002 0.0076 0.005
268.274 0.000 0.0061 0.003
255.909 0.000 0.0086 0.004
208.052 0.554 0.7543 0.007
199.560 0.586 0.7642 0.006
196.660 0.514 0.7641 0.003
195.193 0.501 1.2443 0.003
3Pt:2Pd(20):
842312 0,
Pd(20):
STRAIGHT
.0 NONE
PIPE, NO
3-04-84
CATALYST :
2387.0 N/A 16.6 3.660 27.249
194.183 0.697 3.6558 0.004
Bassd on the change 1n emissions following the replacement of the Injectors, the data generated
prior to March 1O, 1984, may not be representative of the vehicle's performance from then on.'
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST
842689 0.0 NONE 3-14-84 2683.5
842694 0.0 NONE 3-15-84 2768.0
842699 0.0 NONE 3-16-84 2847.0
Pd(20):
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST:
343011 0.0 NONE 3-23-84 3303.2
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST
843016 0.0 NONE 4-10-84 3510.0
843154 0.0 NONE 4-11-84 3592.0
843159 0.0 NONE 4-12-84 3674.5
(NEW INJECTORS, AIR PUMP INSTALLED):
N/A 18.4 0.394 5.217 214.361 0.656 0.3917 0.002
N/A 18.0 0.390 6.021 217.961 0.706 N/A N/A
N/A 18.5 0.395 5.763 212.249 0.621 0.3946 0.000
N/A
18.7
0.456
(NEW INJECTORS):
N/A
N/A
N/A
18.2
18.5
18.3
0.462
0.419
0.424
8.348 205.866 0.496
4.246
4.660
4.632
217.811
213.953
216.258
0.692
0.666
0.703
N/A
N/A
0.4575 0.005
0.4129 0.006
0.4184 0.006
3Pt:2Pd(20):
-------
8-7
Appendix 8
Emissions during Steady State Driving at 30 MPH
Alde-
Non-Meth-
Test 02
Number % CAT*
TOYOTA C/
842019 0.0 STOCK
842025 O.O STOCK
842031 0.0 STOCK
842036 0
842041 O
842287 0
842292 0
STRAIGHT
.0 NONE
.0 NONE
STRAIGHT
.0 NONE
.0 NONE
Test
Date
VTALYST:
1-19-84
1-20-84
1-24-84-
PIPE. NO
1-31-84
2-01-84
PIPE, NO
2-22-84
2-23-84
ODOM hyde Miles /
(km) (ma/mi) Gallon
950.0
1023.6
1115.0
CATALYST:
1200.0 1
1288.0 1
CATALYST
1696.4
1778.7
0.00
1 .88
1 .26
16.90
19. 17
(AFTER
N/A
N/A
23. 1
18. 1
18.6
18.8
18.0
RETURN
18.8
18.4
HC CO
(q/ml) (q/ml)
0.005 0.309
0.004 0.272
0.004 0.361
0.522
0.508
FROM
0.522
0.612
19.512
19.807
TOYOTA):
16.757
19.037
C02
(q/ml)
177.729
226.462
220.231
186. 108
195.673
191 .521
192. 127
NOx
(q/ml)
0.003
0.000
0.000
0.799
0.941
0.933
0.912
ane HC
(q/ml)
0 . 004 1
0.0028
0 . 00 1 8
0.5164
0.5036
0.5198
0.6088
METHANE
(q/ml)
0.001
0.002
O.002
0.006
0.005
0.002
0.003
3Pt:2Pd(20):
Pd(20):
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST:
842313 0.0 NONE 3-04-84 2393.0 N/A
842335 0.0 NONE 3-05-84 2478.2 N/A
18.5 0.741 22.073 185.537 0.773 0.7383 0.003
7.5 3.405 63.514 441.030 1.896 N/A N/A
Based on the change in emissions following the replacement of the injectors, the data generated-
prior to March 10, 1984, may not be representative of the vehicle's performance from then on.
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST
842690 0.0 NONE
842695 0.0 NONE
842700 0.0 NONE
Pd(20):
3-14-84 2691.3
3-15-84 2773.8
3-16-84 2853 ..O
(NEW INJECTORS, AIR PUMP INSTALLED):
N/A 18.8 0.388 5.434 209.538 1.269
N/A 19.8 0.359 6.120 197.433 1.086
N/A 20.1 0.355 6.296 193.586 0.987
0.3868 0.001
0.OOOO O.000
0.3541 O.OO1
STRAIGHT PIPE. NO CATALYST:
843012 0.0 NONE 3-23-84 3310.0
STRAIGHT PIPE, NO CATALYST
843017 0.0 NONE 4-10-84 3517.0
843155 0.0 NONE 4-11-84 3598.0
843160 0.0 NONE 4-12-84 3680.5
N/A
19.7
0.400
(NEW INJECTORS):
N/A 19.6 0.459
N/A 19.7 0.423
N/A 19.9 0.401
6.378 197.907 1.155
4.824
5. 129
4 .932
200.872
199.336
198.231
1 .250
1.225
1 . 167
N/A
N/A
0.4545 0.004
0.4180 0.005
0.3974 0.004
3Pt:2Pd(20):
------- |