SEPA
United States Office of EPA/600/R92rt 46
Environmental Protection Research and Development July 1992
Agency Washington, DC 20460
1992 Project
Descriptions
Environmental Monitoring
and Assessment Program
Recycled/Recyclable
Printed on paper that contains
at least 50% recycled fiber
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EPA/600/R92/146
July 1992
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND
ASSESSMENT PROGRAM
1992 Project Descriptions
Edited by
American Management Systems
1777 North Kent Street
Arlington, Virginia 22209
EPA Contract No. 6&-D9-0093
(Work Assignment No. 1-11
Under Subcontract to Versar, Inc.)
Prepared for
Carol Finch
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Modeling, Monitoring Systems,
and Quality Assurance (RD-680)
401 M Street
Washington, DC 20460
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WASHINGTON, DC 20460
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Preface
The Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) is a joint effort of the
Office of Modeling, Monitoring Systems, and Quality Assurance and the Office of
Environmental Processes and Effects Research, within EPA's Office of Research and
Development.
This document has been prepared to provide information on the projects within
EMAP scheduled to be completed in Fiscal Year 1992 and some project activities
funded for Fiscal Year 1993. EMAP was formally initiated in 1990, and many of its
component projects are still in early stages of planning and organization. Some pro-
jects were conducted in the field in 1990 and 1991, while others focused on planning
and strategy development for implementation within the next few years. Descriptions
of the projects contained in this document as well as lists of deliverables and mile-
stones reflect current program plans, but details for some projects (including titles and
due dates for deliverables) will change as EMAP plans progress and are refined. This
document is the second annual list of EMAP projects, and it is anticipated that this
document will be updated annually to reflect current plans, following the closure of
each fiscal year budget cycle.
For further information on any part of EMAP, contact the appropriate Project Officer
or Principal Investigator noted on each Project Description.
iti
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Contents
Contents
Preface in
Acronyms ix
Section 1: An Overview of the Environmental
Monitoring and Assessment Program.......... ........... „ 1
Section 2: Resource Monitoring............ „..„ ............... ................. 7
Section 2.1: Agroecosystems ....... ........ ....... ........ ...... 8
AG-91-002 Development and Evaluation of Additional Indicators
for Agroecosystems 8
AG-91-003 Identification and Evaluation of Existing Databases 8
AG-91-004 Development of Cross-Resource Linkages 9
AG-91 -005 Development and Peer Review of 1992 Agroecosystem
Pilot Project Plan 10
Section 2.2: Arid Lands 11
AL-92-001 Colorado Plateau Pilot 11
AL-92-002 Dry Lands Risk Index Assessment 12
AL-92-003 San Pedro River Classification Study 13
AL-92-004 Colorado Plateau Classification Study 14
Section 2.3: Forests .... ......... ............................ .......... ....15
FR-91-005 Annual Statistical Summary Reports 15
FR-92-001 Forest Health Monitoring Implementation Plan
Support 16
FR-92-002 Regional Demonstrations of Forest Health Monitoring
Approaches 17
FR-92-003 Forest Health Monitoring Western Pilot Study 18
Section 2.4: Estuaries [[[20
ES-92-001 Estuarine Monitoring Implementation 20
ES-92-002 Virginian Province Monitoring Project 20
ES-92-003 Louisianian Province Monitoring Project 22
ES-91-004 Carolinian Province Demonstration Project 23
Section 2.5: Great Lakes.. ............ ........«.......—...-.............™..«..™™.....^24
GL-91-001 Great Lakes Demonstration Project 24
Section 2.6: Surface Waters........................—.................. ......................... 25
SW-90-001 Assessment of Changes in Surface Water Chemistry 25
SW-90-003 Design and Implementation of Surface Water
Monitoring 26
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Contents
Section 3: Coordination Activities ......... ................—. . .....29
Section 3.1: Statistics and Design — 30
SD-90-001 Development and Improvement of the EMAP Sampling
Design Framework 30
SD-90-002 Coordination of EMAP Sampling Design
Implementation 31
SD-91-003 Investigation of Statistical Issues in EMAP Quality
Assurance 32
SD-91 -004 American Statistical Association Review of EMAP
Statistics and Design Activities 33
Section 3.2: Indicators - 34
IN-90-001 Research Strategy for Developing Indicators of
Ecological Condition 34
IN-90-002 International Symposium on Ecological Indicators 35
Section 3.3: Logistics ............................................36
LG-90-001 Logistics Program Planning for EMAP 36
Section 3.4: EMAP QA Program 37
TQ-90-001 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Program
Planning for EMAP 37
Section 3.5: Technology Transfer 38
TT-90-001 Development of EMAP Program-Level Informational
Materials 38
TT-90-002 Development of Policies and Procedures for EMAP
Communications 39
Section 3.6: International Activities . . ... 41
IT-90-001 EMAP International Activities: 41
Section 4: Integration Activities —. .. 43
Section 4.1: Air and Deposition. ..—[[[ 44
AD-90-003 Study to Determine Optimum Status and Trends
Network 44
Section 4.2: Landscape Characterization.. ............................................... 45
LC-90-001 Sampling Frame Development for Ecological Resource
Monitoring 45
LC-90-002 Development of the Landscape Characterization Pilot
Sites Network .46
Section 4.3: Information Management...............................................—.....— 48
IM-92-001 EMAP Information Management Dictionary Catalog
Directory (DCD) 48
IM-92-002 Proof of Concept 49
IM-92-003 Strategic Plan .50
IM-92-004 Life Cycle Documentation 51
IM-92-005 CIS Infrastructure Development 32
IM-92-006 Standards Development Plan 53
Section 4.4: Integration and Assessment........ ............................... „.34
IA-90-003 Science Advisory Board Review of EMAP 54
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Contents
IA-92-001 EMAP Implementation Plan 56
IA-92-002 Development of EMAP Client/Communications
Strategy 57
IA-92-003 Draft Assessment Framework 58
IA-92-004 Regional Ecosystem Assessment Prototype (REAP) 59
IA-92-005 EMAP Program Document 60
IA-92-006 EMAP Technical Companion 61
IA-92-007 EMAP Glossary 62
Section 5: Developmental Research . ..... ...... .......63
Section 5.1: Ecological Indicator Development.....—............ ................... 64
IR-90-001 Review and Development of Diagnostic Indicators for
Marine Ecosystems 64
IR-90-002 Biodiversity Indicators Research 65
IR-92-001 Value/ Indicators Research 66
Section 5.2: Environmental Statistics.....—.............................—.................. 67
ST-90-001 Statistical Research on Sampling Designs for Ecological
Resources 67
ST-90-002 Research on Temporal Statistical Issues 67
ST-90-003 Research on Spatial Statistical Issues 69
57-92-001 Statistical Graphics and Visualization Research 70
Section 5.3: Integration and Assessment... ............................. .......—..71
AR-92-001 Pilot Indices Document for EMAP 71
Section 5.4: Ecological Risk Characterization ............................................... 72
RC-92-001 Ecological Risk Assessment — Guidelines
Development 72
Index .••.•..•.•••••.•.•.••....•.•..•................••••••.••..•••••••••..•..•••.•••••••••.•••.•.^..•.•••...••...•w*.... 73
Regions and States [[[ 73
EMAP Project Officers[[[ 75
EMAP Principal Investigators ......•...•.••.••.••....••.....•.•••................•.•..••.*««»..«.*.*..«76
EMAP Participating Institutions 78
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Contents
VIII
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Acronyms
Acronyms
ADP automated data processing
AMS American Manangement Systems
ANC acid neutralizing capacity
AREAL Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory (EPA,
Research Triangle Park)
ARMA auto-regressive moving average
ARS Agricultural Research Service (USDA)
ASA American Statistical Association
BEST Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology (NAS)
CASTNET Clean Air Act Status and Trends Monitoring Network
CSC Computer Sciences Corporation
DIG digital line graph
DOI U.S. Department of the Interior
DQO data quality objective
DRI Desert Research Institute
EMAP Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program
EMSL-C Environmental Monitoring Support Laboratory-Cincinnati (EPA)
EMSL-LV Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory-Las Vegas (EPA)
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
EPIC Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center (EPA, Warrenton, VA)
ERC Ecological Research Center (UNLV)
ERF Estuarine Research Foundation
ERL-C Environmental Research Laboratory-Corvallis (EPA)
ERL-D Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth (EPA)
ERL-GB Environmental Research Laboratory-Gulf Breeze (EPA)
ERL-N Environmental Research Laboratory-Narragansett (EPA)
FHM Forest Health Monitoring Program (USDA-FS)
FIA Forest Inventory and Analysis (USDA-FS)
FS Forest Service (USDA)
FTN Ford, Thornton, Norton, and Associates
FTS Federal Telephone System
FY fiscal year
CIS geographic information system
GPS global positioning system
IB I index of biotic integrity
IMC Information Management Committee (EMAP)
LCD Landscape Characterization Data Base
IX
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Acronyms
LESC Lockheed Engineering and Sciences Corporation
LTM Long-Term Monitoring Program (EPA)
LUDA Land Use Data Acquisition (USGS)
Man Tech ManTech Environmental Technologies, Inc.
METI ManTech Environmental Technologies, Inc.
NA not applicable
NADP National Acid Deposition Program
NAPAP National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program
NAS National Academy of Sciences
NASS National Agricultural Statistical Service (USDA)
NCSU North Carolina State University
NDDN National Dry Deposition Network
NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA)
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NOS National Ocean Survey (NOAA)
NRC National Research Council (or the National Academy of Sciences)
NRI National Resources Inventory (SCS)
NTN National Trends Network
NWI National Wetland Inventory (FWS)
OARM Office of Administration and Resources Management (EPA)
OHEA Office of Health and Environmental Assessment (EPA)
OIRM Office of Information Resources Management (EPA)
OMMSQA Office of Modeling, Monitoring Systems, and Quality Assurance (EPA)
ORD Office of Research and Development (EPA)
ORNL Oak Ridge National Laboratory
OSU Oregon State University
OTS Office of Toxic Substances (EPA)
OTTRS Office of Technology Transfer and Regulatory Support (EPA)
QA quality assurance
QAPP Quality Assurance Program Plan
QC quality control
SAB Science Advisory Board (EPA)
SCS Soil Conservation Service (USDA)
SOP standard operating procedures
TBA to be announced
UNLV University of Nevada-Las Vegas
USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
WSTB Water Science and Technology Board (NAS)
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Section 1: An Overview of the Environmental
Monitoring and Assessment Program
Both the incidence and scale of reported environmental problems have increased
over the past two decades. The public is increasingly concerned that the resources
upon which they rely for recreation, quality of life, and economic livelihood remain
sustainable. Scientists are increasingly concerned that the impact of pollutants now
extends well beyond the local scale: climate change, acidic deposition, ozone de-
pletion, nonpoint source pollutant and sediment discharges to waterways, and habi-
tat alteration threaten our ecosystems on regional and global scales. Years of scien-
tific study have not only heightened our environmental awareness, but also have
convinced us that the ecological processes that determine how our ecosystems re-
spond to both natural and anthropogenic disturbances are extremely complex. Un-
fortunately, the current status of our environment is presently not well documented,
making it impossible to assess quantitatively where and at what rate degradation may
be occurring. While we believe that our policies and programs are protecting the
quality of our environment, we cannot prove it with currently available data.
We cannot, for example, determine whether reported problems are increasing across
extensive areas of the country, or simply reflect a more informed and vocal public or
a locally visible pollution issue. Nor can we determine whether collective human
impacts are a more plausible explanation for such problems than are natural causes
such as drought. Finally, we are unable to determine whether the policies and pro-
grams we now have in place to restore our damaged resources, or to protect those
perceived to be threatened, are effective. Clearly, we need a national baseline
against which future changes in the condition of our resources can be measured and
the overall effectiveness of our environmental policies can be evaluated with confi-
dence.
In 1988, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Science Advisory Board
recommended implementing a program to monitor ecological status and trends that
would identify emerging environmental problems before they reach crisis pro-
portions. The next year, EPA refined the focus of its environmental protection efforts
by calling for an active confirmation that its programs are truly maintaining or
improving environmental quality. The Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
Program (EMAP) is part of the Office of Research and Development's (ORD) re-
sponse to both the Science Advisory Board's recommendation and the Agency's call
for "managing for results." EMAPs goal is to monitor the condition of the nation's
ecological resources. EMAP data will enable us to evaluate the success of current
policies and programs and identify emerging problems before they become
widespread or irreversible.
EMAP represents the foundation for ORD's Ecological Risk Assessment Program.
When fully implemented in cooperation with other agencies that share resource
monitoring responsibilities, this coordinated research, monitoring and assessment
effort will provide the information needed to document the current condition of our
ecological resources, understand why that condition exists, and predict what it may
be in the future under various management alternatives. Such information will
enable EPA to take proactive steps that will minimize future risk or to revise current
efforts that fall short of their intended results.
The concept of EMAP was developed in 1987. Since then, several key questions
have been formulated that will guide the Program toward meeting its goal: What is
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EMAP Overview Introduction
the current extent of our ecological resources, and how are they distributed geo-
graphically? What proportions of the resources are currently in acceptable ecologi-
cal condition? What proportions are degrading or improving, in what regions, and at
what rates? Are these changes correlated with patterns and trends in environmental
stresses? And, finally, are adversely affected resources improving in response to
control and mitigation programs?
These questions pose a challenge that cannot be met without a long-term commit-
ment to environmental monitoring on national and regional scales. Furthermore, this
challenge cannot be met efficiently without drawing on the experience and exper-
tise within other federal agencies and organizations that share responsibility for
maintaining environmental quality or sustaining our resources. EMAP seeks to an-
swer these questions by addressing the three overall objectives shown in Figure 1.
EMAP Objectives
G Estimate the current status, extent, changes, and trends in
indicators of the condition of the nation's ecological resources
on a regional basis with known confidence.
Q Monitor indicators of pollutant exposure and habitat condition
and seek associations between human-induced stresses and
ecological condition.
Q Provide periodic statistical summaries and interpretive reports on
ecological status and trends to resource managers and the public.
Figure 1. The three principal objectives of the Environmental Monitoring and As-
sessment Program.
The EMAP approach to monitoring ensures broad geographic coverage; enables
quantitative and unbiased estimates of ecological status and trends; facilitates analy-
sis of associations among measurements of habitat condition, pollutant sources and
exposure, and biological condition (indicators); and allows sufficient flexibility to
accommodate sampling of multiple types of resources and identification of emerging
environmental issues.
To ensure efficient execution of this approach, EMAP planning and field demonstra-
tion projects have involved other federal agencies as well as other organizations
within EPA, including the Program and Regional Offices. As specific plans for im-
plementation are formulated, EMAP will also need to enlist the assistance of state
agencies located within the particular areas targeted for monitoring. The develop-
ment of monitoring plans, which undergo rigorous technical review by national sci-
entific organizations, is also occurring in concert with many university cooperators.
Several long-term, coordinated monitoring efforts will be implemented by EMAP
over the next five years. These efforts, which will operate on regional scales over pe-
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EMAP Overview
Introduction
riods of years to decades, will collect data from many resource categories: arid
lands, agricultural systems, forests, lakes and streams, the Great Lakes, inland and
coastal wetlands, estuaries, and coastal waters. Field crews will measure biological,
chemical, and physical variables and processes on statistically selected sampling
sites for resource classes, such as sagebrush-dominated shrubland, orchard cropland,
oak-hickory forests, small lakes, emergent estuarine wetlands, or large estuaries.
Some of these measurements will also be made by using remote sensing techniques.
Data on atmospheric deposition and exposure to other air pollutants will be ob-
tained. Finally, maps, aerial photography, and satellite imagery will be used to de-
scribe broad regional patterns of the landscape in areas where sampling is being
conducted.
Organizationally, EMAP has four major elements: Resource Monitoring, Coordina-
tion, Integration, and Developmental Research (Figure 2). Resource monitoring fo-
cuses on collection and interpretation of field data on the ecological condition of
the eight EMAP resource categories. Several coordination activities support EMAP's
resource monitoring efforts, including statistical analysis and network design; indica-
tor selection, testing, and evaluation; logistics; and quality assurance. A principal
function of the Coordination Groups is to ensure that data collection activities by the
Resource Groups are conducted in standardized ways. Other coordination functions
include technology transfer activities and liaison with the international community,
other agencies, states, and EPA Regions. Integration activities include several func-
tions that facilitate the acquisition, management, and interpretation of monitoring
data. All major groups within EMAP conduct research that is relevant to their specific
resource or coordination and integration responsibilities. Additionally, EMAP has
identified four major areas of research that are cross-cutting and is currently es-
tablishing research programs for these areas: environmental statistics, ecological in-
dicator development, landscape ecology, and ecological risk characterization.
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Progra^
iii i
Resource 1
Monitoring |
+ Agroecosystems
+ Arid Lands
+ Forests
+ Great Lakes
+ Surface Waters
+ Wetlands
+ Coastal
Waters
Coordination I"
Activities |
+ Statistics and
Design
+ Indicators
+ Logistics
+ Total Quality
Management
+ Technology
Transfer
+ International
Activities
Integration |~
Activities |
+ Air and
Deposition
+ Landscape
Characterization
+ Information
Management
+ Integration and
Assessment
Developmental 1"
Research |
+ Ecological
Indicator
Development
+ Environmental
Statistics
+ Ecological Risk
Characterization
+ Landscape
Ecology
Figure 2. The four elements of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program:
Resource Monitoring, Integration Activities, Coordination Activities, and
Developmental Research.
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EMAP Overview Introduction
Although the agenda for EMAP is ambitious, the Program represents the type of
monitoring program that is needed for the 1990s and beyond. As a developing pro-
gram, the ideas, approaches, and strategic plans must be subjected to critical review,
evaluated using existing and new data, tested in regional demonstration projects,
and periodically reevaluated before they are adopted as standard operating proce-
dures. Periodic review and evaluation of how well standard operating procedures
are performing will determine whether refinements are necessary. The Program will
make maximum use of existing information to avoid duplication and will capitalize
on the experience of past efforts, both the successes and failures. Above all, EMAP
data, plans, and reports will be presented for critical review by the scientific com-
munity and representatives from government agencies whose missions complement
EMAPs. Comment and input on EMAP's priorities will be actively solicited from
business groups, citizen groups, and other public interest groups. Only through a
broad-based, open forum can we ensure that the products from EMAP will have a
significant influence on the setting of this nation's environmental policies.
EPA's Science Advisory Board, working closely with the on-going monitoring of the
Program which is being conducted by the National Academy of Sciences, will re-
view EMAP in the context of its ability to bring improved science to the EPA deci-
sion-making process. Additionally, all senior EMAP scientists who have responsibil-
ity for major Program elements have been charged with ensuring the scientific merit
of their approaches through active review by special technical panels, such as
members of the American Statistical Association, the Association of Ecosystem Re-
search Centers, the Estuarine Research Federation, and other scientific societies and
scientists with specialty expertise.
The Estuaries Resource Croup has completed demonstration projects in the Mid-At-
lantic and Gulf Coast regions The Forests Resource Group has completed pilot pro-
jects and demonstrations for indicators in both the Northeast and the Southeast. The
Surface Waters Resource Group conducted a regional lake demonstration project in
the Northeast in 1991, and the Wetlands Resource Group conducted a pilot study
on selected coastal wetlands along the coast of Louisiana in 1991.
During 1992, all Resource Groups will prepare implementation plans that describe
their proposed activities over the next five years. Strategic plans for network design,
indicator development, landscape characterization, and for the overall Program
direction through 1995, will be completed before the end of FY 1992.
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EMAP Overview
Introduction
$18,000.
$16,000_
$14,000_
^.$12,000.
£$10,OQO_
1
g $8,000_
o
t. $6,000_
$4,000_
$2,000_
$0
Resource Integration Coordination Developmental
Monitoring Activities Activities Research
Figure 3. Relative FY92 funding for the four major elements of EMAP.
Approximately $29 million will be allocated to EMAP in FY92 — up from
$25 million in FY91. The relative distribution of these funds among the four major
elements of the Program is shown in Figure 3. Figure 4 illustrates the relative distri-
bution of funds among the major individual Resource and Task Groups within the
four major Program elements. Consistent with EMAPs phased implementation, the
three Resource Groups that will conduct field monitoring or pilot and demonstration
projects in 1992 (Estuaries, Forests, and Surface Waters) will be allocated the largest
proportion of the total budget. Funding levels for other Resource Groups generally
will reflect planning, pilot, or demonstration activities in preparation for field im-
plementation in FY93 and beyond.
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£M4P Overview
Introduction
(Thousands)
$3,000 $4,500 $6,000
I I I
$7,500
Resource Monitoring
Agroecosystems
Arid Ecosystems
Forests
Estuaries
Great Lakes
Surface Waters
Wetlands
Integration Activities
Air and Climate
Landscape Characterization
Information Management
Assessment and Reporting
Coordination Activities
Developmental Research
Figure 4. Relative FY92 funding for Resource and Major Task Groups within the
four elements of EMAP
This document is organized into five major sections: this Introduction and Overview
and four sections that contain individual Project Descriptions for the four major ele-
ments of EMAP. Sections 2, 3, 4, and 5 contain individual Project Descriptions for
Resource Monitoring, Coordination Activities, Integration Activities, and Develop-
mental Research, respectively. Additionally, each Project Description is coded (to as-
sist in budget and deliverables tracking) and indexed for easy reference. The cate-
gories used to generate the four indices at the back of the document are (1) Regions
and States - EPA Regions and states in which field projects or principal research ac-
tivities are or will be conducted; (2) Project Officers - responsible for managing the
project, providing technical direction and guidance, and ensuring coordination
among related projects; (3) Principal Investigators - responsible for ensuring the ob-
jectives are met and the work plan is executed; and (4) Institutions involved in
implementing projects. Finally, a list of deliverables and due dates (current as of
this writing) are provided for each project in the Appendix.
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Section 2: Resource Monitoring
EMAP's ultimate success in providing a snapshot of current environmental conditions
and identifying important trends in our ecological resources depends on the work
presently being conducted by the Resource Groups. Each EMAP Resource Group
concentrates on an important component of the environment: agroecosystems, arid
lands, estuaries, forests, the Great Lakes, surface waters, and wetlands. An eighth
Resource Group that will document the condition of the nation's coastal waters is
planned for the future. Underlying the variety of activities and projects among the
groups is a common Program orientation and Program goal, which will ensure that all
Resource Groups will support EMAP's overall direction. The principal EMAP
objectives are to estimate the current status, extent, changes, and trends in indicators
of the condition of our nation's resources on a regional basis with known confidence;
monitor indicators of pollutant exposure and habitat condition and seek associations
between human-induced stresses and ecological condition; and provide periodic
statistical summaries and interpretive reports on ecological status and trends to
resource managers and the public. The Resource Groups' activities are focused
toward satisfying these objectives.
Consistent with the carefully planned, phased implementation of EMAP, not all Re-
source Groups are at the same stage of development. Some of the seven Resource
Groups are largely occupied with identifying, developing, and testing indicators and
with designing their monitoring protocols in preparation for pilot studies. Others have
conducted small-scale pilot studies, and the Estuaries Resource Group has completed
demonstration projects in the Virginian and Louisianian Provinces, both of which are
now conducting regional-scale monitoring. Similarly, the Forest Resource Group has
begun regional monitoring for forests in the Northeast and Southeast. The Project
Descriptions in this section provide details on projects to be completed in FY91 and
continuing and newly initiated projects for FY92 for each Resource Group.
To meet their objectives and conduct their activities in the most effective manner, all
of these Groups will draw upon the experience and expertise within other federal
agencies and organizations that share responsibility for maintaining environmental
quality or sustaining the nation's resources. In addition, as illustrated by these pro-
jects, the Groups are taking the necessary steps to ensure efficient execution of the
EMAP approach to monitoring their respective resources.
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Agroecosystems Kesource Monitoring
Section 2.1: Agroecosystems
Development and Evaluation of Additional Indicators for Agroecosystems
Project Code: AG-91 -002 EPA Region(s): 4
Period of Performance: 1991 -1992 State(s): NC
Project Officers: Principal Investigators:
Walter Heck Walter Heck
USDA-ARS USDA-ARS
(919)515-3311 (919)515-3311
Ann Pitchford Lee Campbell
EMSL-Las Vegas North Carolina State University
(702) 798-2366 (919) 515-2751
Objectives: Initiate an ongoing research effort to develop and evaluate sets of indica-
tors identified for possible use in monitoring ecological condition of agroecosystems.
Work Plan: Indicators of soil quality will be identified (nematode trophic groups) and
field tested. Monitoring of farm ponds and wells for water quality will be tested for
contaminant levels. The use of a biological indicator (two clones of white clover) for
monitoring the presence of biologically damaging levels of ozone will be field tested.
Indicators reflecting condition of agricultural landscapes, which are not part of the
agricultural production system, will be tested for utility in the monitoring of natural
vegetation and wildlife; specific monitoring protocols for these landscape indicators
will be developed and field tested. Indicators for monitoring contaminant import and
export, pest density, animal production, and socioeconomic factors will be further
developed. Preliminary field testing will be initiated for these indicators, if
developmental information warrants.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Report on soil nematodes as a monitor of soil quality 9/92
• Status report on agroecosystem indicator research 4/93
Identification and Evaluation of Existing Databases
Project Code: AG-91 -003 EPA Regionfs): All
Period of Performance: 1991-1992 State(s): All
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Agroecosystems Resource Monitoring
Project Officers: Principal Investigators:
Ann Pitchford Walter Heck Walter Heck Lee Campbell
EMSL-LV USDA-ARS USDA-ARS NCSU
(702)798-2366 (919)515-3311 (919)515-3311 (919)515-2751
Objectives: Identify agricultural data bases and evaluate them for possible use in as-
sessing agroecosystem condition.
Work Plan: In cooperation with the USDA, a number of data sources have been
identified, for example, those of NASS and the Soil Conservation Service-National
Resources Inventory (SCS-NRI). Selected data from NASS will be obtained for prelim-
inary analyses. Following these analyses, if warranted, additional data from past years
will be obtained to analyze trends. A similar approach is planned for use of SCS data
from both the NRI and other SCS data bases. Several other data sources have been
identified and will be evaluated as time permits.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Critical evaluation of existing agricultural databases for
applicability to EMAP mopnitoring needs 12/92
Development of Cross-Resource Linkages
Project Code: AC-91 -004 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1991 -1992 State(s): NA
Project Officers: Principal Investigators:
Ann Pitchford Walter Heck Walter Heck Lee Campbell
EMSL-Las Vegas USDA-ARS USDA-ARS North Carolina
State University
(702)798-2366 (919)515-3311 (919)515-3311 (919)515-2751
Objectives: Interact with other EMAP Resource Croups to identify and further
develop agroecosystem indicators that are relevant for monitoring condition of other
EMAP resources and determine how data related to these indicators can be used in
estimating the condition of other resources being monitored by EMAP.
Work Plan: Draft protocols for cross-resource monitoring will be developed and re-
viewed with other EMAP Resource Croups. One or two workshops with EMAP and
non-EMAP participants will be held during the year for critical review of the
protocols. Recommendations for cross-resource monitoring activities that may be
useful at each EMAP design tier will be made.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Internal report on agroecosystem indicators relevant to cross-
resource monitoring 12/92
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Agroecosystems Resource Monitoring
Development and Peer Review of 1992 Agroecosystem Pilot Project Plan
Project Code: AG-91 -005 EPA Region($): 4
Period of Performance: 1991 -1992 State(s): NC
Project Officers:: Principal Investigators::
Ann Pitchford Walter Heck Walter Heck Lee Campbell
EMSL-Las Vegas USDA-ARS USDA-ARS North Carolina
State University
(702)798-2366 (919)515-3311 (919)515-3311 (919)515-2751
Objectives: Develop a detailed plan for conducting a pilot monitoring project for the
Agroecosystem Program that highlights both research and developmental level
ecological indicators, and includes detailed protocols for each indicator. The Plan
will evaluate monitoring strategies, show linkages with other agencies, and detail the
responsibilities of other agencies in the Pilot Plans.
Work Plan: This project is being accomplished through the interaction and activities
of scientists from USDA/ARS, NCSU, USDA/NASS, EPA, other agencies, universities,
and institutes. Components of the 1992 Pilot Plan will include a list of agroecosystem
indicators to be measured — either on-frame (developmental indicators) or off-frame
(several of the research indicators); a comparison of two sampling designs to be
tested, including the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) sampling
frame and the EMAP sampling frame; a detailed write-up of each of the indicators
with sampling protocol; a quality assurance plan; a logistics plan; and descriptions of
assessment, data base management, and reporting activities. The Pilot Plan will be
peer reviewed in January and February 1992 and will be completed in final on the
first of April, 1992. The Pilot Project will be initiated in May and sample collection
will be complete in November of 1992. This Pilot Plan will serve to test a number of
concepts that should serve as the foundation for national-scale monitoring of
agroecosystems within EMAP.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
Draft pilot monitoring plan, peer reviewed 4/92
Pre-test the protocol 5,7/92
Monitoring the conditions of agroecosystems - article 4/92
Sustainable agriculture - proceedings 6/92
Comparison of periodic survey designs - report 7/92
Collect data and analyze samples 6/92,
11/92,
1-3/93
Enumerator's manual - report 9/92
Pilot, statistical summary and report - draft 6/93
10
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Arid Lands
Resource Monitoring
Section 2.2: Arid Lands
Colorado Plateau Pilot
Project Code: AL-92-001 EPA Region: 8
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 States: CO, UT
Project Officers
Bill Kepner
EMSL-Las Vegas
(702)798-2193
Ann Pitchford
EMSL-LV
(702) 798-2366
Principal Investigators
Tom Edwards Bill Kepner Steve Leonard
Fish & Wildlife EMSL-LV Bureau of Land
Service Management
(801)750-2529 (702)798-2193 (702)784-5576
Jayne Bel nap
National Park
Service
(801) 259-7164
Carl Fox
Desert Research
Institute
(702) 673-7322
Tom Reinsch
(402) 437-5363
George Staid!
Steve Holzhey
(402) 437-5499
Terry Woosley
Bureau of Land
Management
(702) 469-6466
David Mouat
Desert Research
Institute
(702) 673-7394
(702) 784-5579
Soil Conservation
Service
Bob Breckenridge
Idaho National
Engineering Lab
(208) 526-0757
Robert E. Smith
(202) 720-4452
Mon S. Yee
(202) 690-0856
Soil Conservation
Service
Objectives: The objectives of the Colorado Plateau pilot are to:
• identify and assess important sources of variation in ecological
indicators in two arid-land community types-Great Basin desert scrub
amd pinyon-juniper
• assess the practicality and cost of obtaining field measurements on
selected ecological indicators
• summarize the findings for each indicator measured in a report and
discuss their implication for monitoring plot design and logistics, and
moving selected indicators to the next stage (e.g., demonstration).
Work Plan: Field activities to collect data will begin in June, 1992 and will conclude
in August. Samples will be taken on approximately 40 EMAP hexagons using a 1-
hectare sampling plot. Spectral reflectance/properties, vegetation composition and
abundance, and soil characterization and chemistry (e.g., nutrients) will be the three
11
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Arid Lands Resource Monitoring
indicator groups that will be evaluated. Landsat thematic mapper data will be used in
addition to field measurements to evaluate spectral properties. Four-wheel drive
vehicles, backpacking, and helicopters will be used for site access by two, four-
person teams. Teams will be staffed by a field supervisor, soil scientist, botanist, and
field technician from qualified personnel of the Bureau of Land Management,
National Park Service, Soil Conservation Service, and EPA. A draft report of pilot
results will be completed in July of 1993, with a final peer-reviewed report delivered
on September 30, 1993.
DeliveraUes/Milestones Timeframe
Implementation Plan 6/92
Operations Plan 6/92
Quality Assurance Plan 6/92
Field Activities Initiated 6/92
Field Activities Completed 8/92
Draft Report - Results 6/93
Final Report - Results 9/93
Dry Lands Risk Index Assessment
Project Code: AL-92-002 EPA Regions: 6, 8, 9
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 State(s): AZ, CO, NM, UT
Project Officer: Principal Investigator:
Bill Kepner David Mouat
EMSL-Las Vegas Desert Research Institute
(702) 798-2193 (702) 673-7394
Objectives: Develop an assessment protocol of desertification for the Western United
States.
Work Plan: EMAP-Arid Lands, in cooperation with EPA's Ecological Risk Program,
will develop an assessment protocol for an ecological risk assessment in the Western
United States. The assessment protocol will be developed around the issue of
desertification. Existing data for both natural (e.g., climate) and anthropogenic (e.g.,
land-use) stresses and response indicators (e.g., normalized difference vegetation
index) will be used to develop the assessment protocol. Weighting of various data
layers will be explored and information will be compiled on a geographic
information system.
Deliverables/Milestones Timeframe
• Draft Report 9/30/92
• Final Peer Review Report 12/31/92
12
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Arid Lands Resource Monitoring
San Pedro River Classification Study
Project Code: AL-92-003 EPA Region: 9
Period of Performance: 1991 -1992 State: AZ
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Bill Kepner David Mouat
EEMSL-Las Vegas Desert Research Institute
(702) 798-2193 (702) 673-7322
Objectives: Evaluate the feasibility of using a multi-staged remote sensing approach
to characterize various ecological hierarchies in the Brown, Lowe and Pase
Classification System.
Work Plan: Existing remote sensing imagery (AVHRC, Landsat MSS, and Landsat TM)
will be acquired for the San Pedro River Basin and ground-truthed using existing
vegetation data (transects) to evaluate the ability to characterize Brown er al
hierarchial classifications, including the formation series and association levels. The
San Pedro River Basin contains one of North America's richest riparian areas and
there is a wealth of historical remote sensing and field data.
Detiverables/Milestones Timefratne
• Draft Report 3/92
• Final Peer Review Report 7/92
13
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Arid Lands Resource Monitoring
Colorado Plateau Classification Study
Project Code: AL-92-004 EPA Regions: 6,8,9
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 States: AZ, CO, NM, UT
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Bill Kepner David Mouat
EMSL-Las Vegas Desert Research Institute
(702) 798-2193 (702) 673-7322
Objectives: Evaluate the feasibility of using a multi-staged remote sensing approach
to characterize various ecological hierarchies in the Brown, Lowe and Pase
Classification System.
Work Plan: This will follow up on findings of the San Pedro River Study by evaluating
a multi-staged remote sensing application over a regional scale. Similar to the San
Pedro River Project, remote sensing imagery will be acquired over a larger scale (e.g.,
the Colorado Plateau Biogeographic Region). Field validation will include on-site
inspection and/or use of existing vegetation data. This project is a joint project
between EMAP Arid ecosystems and the Global Climate Change NALC program.
Deliverables/Milestones Timeframe
• Draft Report 12/92
• Final Peer Review Report 3/93
14
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Forests Resource Monitoring
Section 2.3: Forests
Annual Statistical Summary Reports
Project Code: FR-91 -005 EPA Region(s): 1, 2, 3 4
Period of Performance: 1991-1993 State(s): AL, CT, DE, GA, MA, MD,
ME, NH, NJ, Rl, VA, VT
Project Officers: Principal Investigators:
Samuel Alexander Kurt Riitters
EMSL-Las Vegas ManTech
(919)549-4020 (919)541-1935
Ralph Baumgardner
AREAL
(919)541-4625
Objective: Starting in 1992, statistical summaries will be produced each year to de-
scribe current Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) implementation activities and summa-
rize data that have been collected. The first annual statistical summary, based on
1991 data, provides an opportunity to develop and test standardized procedures and
techniques for producing future summaries.
Work Plan: Investigators are analyzing data from the 1991 field season and the first
annual statistical summary is in preparation. This report will consider measures of
forest condition that are currently made on FHM plots (visual symptoms of tree health
and tree diversity) and selected auxiliary data from other sources (forest pest
incidence, climate and weather, and air pollution). In addition, plots in the existing
FHM network will be characterized according to key attributes to indicate the types
of forests that have been sampled. Analyses of FHM plot data will utilize statistical
techniques which have been peer-reviewed for the FHM sampling design. The
assessment procedures and reporting formats may be modified for future statistical
summaries, depending on user feedback.
Dellverabtes/Mllestones Tlmeframe
• Annual Statistical Summary for 1991 8/92
• Annual Statistical Summary for 1992 6/93
15
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Forests Resource Monitoring
Forest Health Monitoring Implementation Plan Support
Project Code: FR-92-001 EPA Region(s): 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 10
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 State(s): AL, CA, CO, CT, DE, GA, MA,
MD, ME, NH, NJ, Rl, VA, VT
Project Officers: Principal Investigators:
Samuel Alexander Barbara Conkling
EMSL-Las Vegas North Carolina State University
(919) 549-4020 (919) 549-4020
Craig Palmer Gerald Byers
EMSL-LV Lockheed Engineering
(702)798-2186 (702)897-3337
Daniel Heggem
EMSL-LV
(702) 798-2278
Objective: In 1992 EMAP-Forests, the USDA Forest Service, and state forestry
agencies will conduct forest health monitoring (FHM) implementation activities in 14
states. Since 1990, EMAP-Forests has supported FHM implementation activities. The
objective of this project is to continue to provide such support for each region as the
FHM program moves toward full implementation.
Work Plan: In 1992, FHM will be implemented in 12 eastern and 2 western states.
EMAP-Forests is responsible for (1) quality assurance and quality control, (2) sample
preparation and laboratory analyses, (3) procurement and programming of portable
data recording equipment, (4) assisting with the preparation of field and analytical
methods guides, (5) global positioning system (GPS) and geographic information sys-
tem (CIS) support, and (6) other activities for which EMAP-Forests has the expertise to
assist FHM. The field efforts for the project will be undertaken principally by the
USDA Forest Service. EMAP-Forests will evaluate the effectiveness of quality
assurance and database management procedures. Data from the 1992
implementation program will be reported in the annual statistical summary for 1992
(described as a separate project, above).
Deliverable*/Milestones Jimeframe
• Activities Plan 7/92
• Quality Assurance Project Plan 5/92
• Field Methods Guide 5/92
16
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Forests
Resource Monitoring
Regional Demonstrations of Forest Health Monitoring Approaches
Project Code: FR-92-002
Period of Performance: 1992-1993
Project Officers:
Samuel Alexander
EMSL-Las Vegas
(919)549-4020
Ralph Baumgardner
AREAL
(919)541-4625
Daniel Heggem
EMSL-LV
(702) 798-2278
Spence Peterson
ERL-Corvallis
(503)754-4457
EPA Region(s): 3 4
State(s): AL, GA. NC, SC, TN, VA
Principal Investigators:
Elizabeth Smith
Tennessee Valley Authority
(615)632-1509
Robert Kucera
ManTech
(919)541-7589
Terry Oroessler
ManTech
(503)754-4462
David Cassell
ManTech
(503)754-4468
Steve Cline
ManTech
(503)754-4467
Objective: Evaluate developmental indicators at the regional level for implementation
in full-scale field monitoring. A report on the results of the 1991 Georgia Pilot will be
completed and data from the 1992 Southeast Regional Demonstration will be
reported in a statistical summary for the region.
Work Plan: Preparation of the report on the results of the 1991 Georgia Pilot project
is underway, and will be completed in 1992. In addition, EMAP-Forests, in
cooperation with the USDA Forest Service and state forestry agencies, will conduct
two demonstration projects in 1992, to evaluate developmental indicators. The
Southeast Regional Demonstration will be carried out in the loblolly/shortleaf pine
forest type in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia. The purpose of
this demonstration is to evaluate the regional forest health assessment potential of a
broad suite of indicators across a major forest type. The second demonstration will be
carried out in the Southern Appalachian Man and the Biosphere (SAMAB) Reserve
comprised of portions of Virginia, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Georgia, and Alabama. The SAMAB Reserve is principally an oak-hickory ecosystem
and the study in this region will provide an opportunity to evaluate indicators in a
second ecosystem type. For both of these demonstrations, EMAP-Forests is re-
sponsible for (1) implementation plans and procedures, (2) selection of sample plots
according to the EMAP design, (3) quality assurance and control, (4) logistics, (5) in-
formation management, (6) preparation of samples and laboratory analysis, and (7)
data analysis and reporting. The field efforts associated with these projects will be un-
17
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Forests Resource Monitoring
dertaken with the assistance of state forestry agencies, the USDA Forest Service, the
Tennessee Valley Authority, and the USDA Soil Conservation Service.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Report on Results of the 1991 Geogia Pilot 10/92
• Activities Plan 7/92
• Field Methods Guide 5/92
• Quality Assurance Project Plan 5/92
• Handbook of Laboratory Methods 5/92
• Southeast Regional Demonstration Statistical Summary 6/93
• Southeast Regional Demonstration Report 7/93
• SAMAB Demonstration Report 8/93
Forest Health Monitoring Western Pilot Study
Project Code: FR-92-003 EPA Region(s): 8, 10
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 State(s): CA, CO
Project Officers: Principal Investigators:
Craig Palmer Craig Palmer
EMSL-Las Vegas EMSL-LV
(702) 798-2186 (702) 798-2186
Daniel Heggem Rob Tidwell
EMSL-LV Lockheed Engineering
(702) 798-2278 (702) 897-3232
Objective: The objective of the 1992 Western Pilot Study is to evaluate indicators,
plot design, and logistics in western forest types in California and Colorado. This
study will provide field data to assess the cost, practicality, and sources of variation
for various indicator measurements.
Work Plan: This pilot study will be conducted jointly by EMAP-Forests, the USDA
Forest Service, and state forestry agencies with cooperation from the USDA Soil
Conservation Service (SCS) and the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). EMAP-
Forests is responsible for:
(1) implementation plans and procedures,
(2) selection of sample plots according to the EMAP design,
(3) quality assurance and control,
(4) logistics,
(5) information management,
18
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Forests Resource Monitoring
(6) preparation of samples and laboratory analysis, and
(7) data analysis and reporting.
State forestry agencies and the USDA Forest Service have primary responsibility for
field data collection work with assistance from the SCS and BLM. Investigators
responsible for specific indicators will perform data analysis for the Western Pilot
Report. EMAP-Forests will also evaluate logistics, field crew training, plot design,
quality assurance, and information management
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Activities Plan 7/92
• Field Methods Guide 5/92
• Quality Assurance Project Plan 5/92
• Handbook of Laboratory Methods 5/92
• Western Pilot Report 11/93
19
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Estuaries Resource Monitoring
Section 2.4: Estuaries
Estuarine Monitoring Implementation
Project Code: ES-92-001 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1990-1999 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Richard W. Latimer Richard W. Latimer
ERL-Narragansett ERL-N
(401)782-3077 (401)782-3077
Objectives: Develop and implement a research plan for EMAP in estuarine
ecosystems. The plan will be consistent with the overall objectives of EMAP, but will
describe in detail how the regional implementation will proceed in estuarine
ecosystems, starting with the estuaries in the Virginian Biogeographic Province (Cape
Hatteras to Cape Cod) in FY90, the Louisianian Province in FY91, and the Carolinian
Province in FY94. The plan will be developed and implemented in concert with
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Status and
Trends Program.
Work Plan: This is a long-term project begun in 1990. A research plan was prepared
that details how the program objectives of EMAP can be implemented on a regional
basis for the estuaries of the conterminous United States. A panel of recognized estu-
arine scientists had been convened to serve as a technical steering committee during
the implementation of the Near Coastal Demonstration Project in the estuaries of the
Virginian Province. This panel has peer reviewed the program plan and in FY 1992
will provide technical oversight as the information from the Demonstration Project is
analyzed, assessments with the data are conducted, and national-scale implementa-
tion activities are recommended. Coordination of the plan with NOAA will continue
to be handled through the EPA/NOAA Joint Committee for Coastal and Marine Envi-
ronmental Quality Monitoring.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Design workshop to review EMAP-Estuaries 4/92
• Workshop to review EMAP-Estuaries Indicators 11/92
• Recommendations for national-scale Implementation of EMAP 12/92
in estuaries
Virginian Province Monitoring Project
Project Code: ES-92-002 EPA Regjonfe): 1,2,3
Period of Performance: 1990-1999 State(s): CT, DE, MA, MD, NJ,
NY, PA, Rl, VA
20
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Cstuarits Resource Monitoring
Project Office Principal Investigator
Steven C. Schimmel Steven C. Schimmel
ERL-Narragansett ERL-N
(401)782-3078 (401)782-3078
Objectives: Address EMAP objectives by implementing regional-scale monitoring in
the estuaries of the Virginian Biogeographic Province (Cape Hatteras to Cape Cod).
As part of this activity, the utility, sensitivity, and applicability of the selected EMAP
estuarine indicators will be evaluated on a regional scale; standardized methods for
indicator measurements, that can be transferred to other study areas and made
available for other monitoring efforts, will be developed; the effectiveness of the
EMAP network design for quantifying the extent and magnitude of pollution problems
in the estuarine environment will be determined; logistical issues associated with
implementing the network design will be identified and resolved; the usefulness of
results for planning, priority setting and determining the effectiveness of pollution
control actions will be demonstrated; and the value of the EMAP approach and
regional-scale assessments will be demonstrated.
Work Plan: This is a long-term project begun in 1990. An implementation plan de-
scribing how to conduct a monitoring and assessment program that is consistent with
the objectives of EMAP was developed. Existing data and information from the Vir-
ginian Province were used to select appropriate indicators; demonstration assess-
ments were performed with the selected indicators to ensure they were appropriate
with respect to the overall program objectives. Development of the implementation
plan included other activities such as preparation of field and laboratory methods
manuals, quality assurance plans and manuals, and logistics plans. These activities
were coordinated with other ongoing activities in EMAP to ensure program-level
compatibility. An operational data management system was developed, reviewed,
and implemented. The Demonstration Project was initiated during the summer of
1990. Monitoring continued in 1991 and will continue in 1992.
DeliveraUes/Milestones Time Frame
• Report on the 1991 field activities in the Virginian 12/91
Province
• Implementation Plan for Virginian Province Monitoring 5/92
in 1992
• Updated QA plan, province-specific methods, field 5/92
operations, and training manuals for Virginian Province
1992 activities
• Final report on the 1990 Demonstration Project 6/92
• Annual Statistical Summary for data collected inl 991 in 9/92
the Virginian Province
• Report on the 1992 field activities in the Virginian 12/92
Province
• Annual Statistical Summary for the data collected in 6/93
1992 in the Virginian Province
21
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Estuaries Resource Monitoring
Louisianian Province Monitoring Project
Project Code: ES-92-003 EPA Region(s): 4,6
Period of Performance: 1990-1999 State(s): AL, FL, LA, MS, TX
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Kevin Summers Kevin Summers
ERL-Gulf Breeze ERL-GB
(904)934-9244 (904)934-9244
Objectives: Continue with the regional implementation in estuaries by addressing the
EMAP objectives in the estuaries of the Louisianian Biogeographic Province (Gulf of
Mexico north of Tampa Bay to the Mexico border). As part of the Project, the utility,
sensitivity, and applicability of the selected EMAP estuarine indicators will be evalu-
ated on a regional scale; standardized methods for indicator measurements, that can
be transferred to other study areas and made available for other monitoring efforts,
will be developed; the effectiveness of the EMAP network design for quantifying the
extent and magnitude of pollution problems in the estuarine environment will be
determined; logistical issues associated with implementing the network design will be
identified and resolved; the usefulness of results for planning, priority setting, and
determining the effectiveness of pollution control actions will be demonstrated; and
the value of the EMAP approach and regional-scale assessments will demonstrated.
Work Plan: Using the experience gained in the Demonstration Project in the
Virginian Province, an implementation plan was developed in FY1991 for the
Louisianian Province. This plan was consistent with the overall objectives delineated
in the Near Coastal Program Plan, but incorporated province-specific needs and
experience. A core set of indicators are in common among the provinces, but
province-specific indicators have been identified. Monitoring in the Louisianian
Province was initiated in FY91, with the first assessment report to be available in
FY92. Monitoring will continue in FY92.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Report on the 1991 Louisianian Province Field Activities 12/91
• Implementation Plan for FY92 Louisianian Province Field 5/92
Activities
• Updated QA Plan, province specific methods manuals, 5/92
field operations, and training manuals for 1992 Louisianian
Province Activities
• Annual Statistical Summary for 1991 Louisianian Province 6/92
Activities
• Finial Report on the 1991 Louisianian Province 9/92
Demonstration Project
• Report on the 1992 Louisianian Province Field Activities 12/92
• Annual Statistical Summary for 1992 Louisianian Province 6/93
Activities
22
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Estuaries Resource Monitoring
Carolinian Province Demonstration Project
Project Code: ES-91 -004 EPA Regionfs): 1,3, 4
Period of Performance: 1991 -1994 State(s): FL, GA, NC, SC, VA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
John F. Paul Andrew Robertson
ERL-Narragansett NOAA/National Ocean Survey
(401) 782-3037 (301) 443-8933
Objectives: Continue with the regional implementation in estuaries by addressing the
EMAP objectives in the estuaries of the Carolinian Biogeographic Province (Cape
Hatteras to Cape Canaveral). As part of this Project, the utility, sensitivity, and
applicability of the selected EMAP estuarine indicators will be evaluated on a
regional scale; standardized methods for indicator measurements, that can be
transferred to other study areas and make available for other monitoring efforts, will
be developed; the effectiveness of the EMAP network design for quantifying the
extent and magnitude of pollution problems in the estuarine environment will be
determined; logistical issues associated with implementing the network design will be
identified and resolved; the usefulness of results for planning, priority setting, and
determining the effectiveness of pollution control actions will be demonstrated; and
the value of the EMAP approach and regional-scale assessments will be
demonstrated.
Work Plan: Using the experience developed in the preparation of the research plan
for the Demonstration Projects in the Virginian and Louisianian Provinces, an
implementation plan will be developed for the Carolinian Province. This plan will be
consistent with the overall objectives delineated in the Near Coastal Program Plan,
but will incorporate province-specific needs and experience. The measurements
taken during the Virginian and Louisianian Province monitoring activities will serve
as a starting point for indicator selection. It is anticipated that a core set of indicators
will be common among the provinces, but province-specific indicators may also need
to be identified. Monitoring will be initiated in FY94, with the first assessment report
available in FY95.
DeliveraUes/milestones Time Frame
• Draft plan for conducting the Carolinian Province 10/92
Demonstration
• Indicator testing and evaluation initiated 6/93
• Implementation plan for the Carolinian Province 2/94
Demonstration Project
• Final program plan for the Carolinian Province 3/94
Demonstration Project
• Initiation of Carolinian Province field sampling 6/94
• Preliminary report on the Carolinian Province 2/95
Demonstration Project
• Final report on the Carolinian Demonstration Project 10/95
23
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Great Lakes Resource Monitoring
Section 2.5: Great Lakes
Great Lakes Demonstration Project
Project Code: GL-91-OO1 EPA Region(s): 2, 3, 5
Period of Performance: 1991-1994 State(s): IL, IN, Ml, MN, NY, OH, PA, Wl
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Steven F. Hedtke Steven F. Hedtke
ERL-Duluth ERL-Duluth
(218) 720-5610 (218) 720-5610
Objectives: Address EMAP objectives through the development and implementation
of a demonstration project in one of the Great Lakes. As part of this demonstration
project, indicators and sampling design options will be evaluated and tested. Plans
for implementation in all of the Great Lakes will be developed.
Work Plan: A compilation and review of current monitoring activities in the Great
Lakes has been conducted. Components necessary to EMAP but not in current pro-
grams have been identified, and the research needed to address these components
has been made. The resultant plan will describe a phased approach to evaluating in-
dicators and design options through pilot studies in Lake Michigan. Following suc-
cessful completion and evaluation of the pilot study planned for 1992, a demonstra-
tion project in Lake Michigan will be conducted in 1993. Plans for implementation in
all five Great Lakes will be developed. Planning and implementation of the demon-
stration project will be a cooperative effort with U.S. EPA Great Lakes National Pro-
gram Office.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Final Program Plan for implementing EMAP in the Great Lakes 3/92
• Plans for 1992 EMAP-Great Lakes Pilot in Lake Michigan 6/92
• Summary of 1992 EMAP-Great Lakes Pilot in Lake Michigan 12/92
• Plans for 1993 EMAP-Great Lakes Activities 5/93
24
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Surface Waters Resource Monitoring
Section 2.6: Surface Waters
Assessment of Changes in Surface Water Chemistry
Project Code: SW-90-001 EPA Region(s): 1, 2,3
Period of Performance: 1990-1995 State(s): CT, DE, MA, MD, ME, NH, NJ, NY,
PA, Rl, VA, VT, WV
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Steve Paulsen John Stoddard
ERL-Corvallis ManTech
(503) 754-4406 (503) 754-4441
Objectives: Monitor the effects of acidic deposition on surface waters to provide re-
gional assessments of patterns and trends in surface water chemistry in low acid neu-
tralizing capacity (ANC) systems of selected regions of the nation. A specific objective
of this task is to assess the relationship between changes in regional acidic deposition
and changes in regional surface water condition.
Work Plan: This is a long-term project begun in 1990. The foundation of the project
is a spatially extensive network of low .i.e ANC surface water sites (both lakes and
streams), which are sampled annually for complete major ion chemistry, aluminum
species, dissolved carbon, and several other variables likely to respond to changes in
acidic deposition. Regions selected for monitoring are those expected to experience
changes in the amount of acidic deposition they receive, as a result of the Clean Air
Act Amendments of 1990 (e.g., the Northeast), or those that are expected to be unaf-
fected by new regulations (e.g., the West). Information from these spatially extensive
sites will be used to determine regional changes in acid-base status, which can be
related to regional changes in sulfur, nitrogen, and base cation deposition.
In addition, the monitoring network includes a small number of sites in each region
that are sampled more than once per year. These sites are associated in a statistically
rigorous manner with subpopulations of sites in the spatially extensive network. Data
from these sites will be used to assess changes in surface waters in non-index periods
(e.g., changes in the frequency and extent of spring acidic episodes) and to help in-
terpret regional changes observed in the spatially extensive network. Regions are pri-
oritized to allow phased implementation of sampling at both types of sites.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• 'Regional Trend Detection for Surface Water Chemistry 3/93
Associated with Acidic Deposition* (Journal Article)
• "Surface Water Classification for Monitoring Effects of Acidic 3/93
Deposition* (Journal Article)
• "Association of Found Sites with Regional Populations* 3/93
(Journal Article)
25
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Surface Waters Resource Monitoring
Design and Implementation of Surface Water Monitoring
Project Code: SW-90-003 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1990-1995 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigators
Steve Paulsen Steve Paulsen Phil Larsen
ERL-Corvallis Environmental ERL-C
(503) 754-4406 Research Center- (503) 754-4362
UNLV
(503) 754-4428
Objectives: Design and plan the implementation of a national surface water status
and trends program. A framework is being developed that will enable use of
biological, chemical, and physical indicators to quantify the current regional and
national ecological condition of lakes and streams as well as changes or trends in
these conditions. A long-term monitoring program based on this design is being
implemented and, in conjunction with the indicator strategy, will produce annual
reports on the condition of surface waters and plausible explanations of this current
condition or changes in condition.
Work Plan: This is a long-term project begun in 1990. The Surface Waters Resource
Group is evaluating the EMAP design in order to ensure that the objectives and
approach for monitoring and assessment of surface waters are consistent with the
overall Program. Source materials for identifying lake and stream resources are being
collected; rules for selecting lake and stream sample units and their inclusion
probabilities, subpopulation classifications, and hexagon and watershed
characterization requirements are being identified; and implementation guidelines are
being developed. Annual surveys of a set of biological, chemical, and physical
indicators in these aquatic resources will provide data for estimates of national and
regional conditions that will be reported annually. More in-depth interpretive reports
will be produced on a regular but less frequent basis.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Report of the 1991 Lake Pi lot 9/92
• Demonstration Report for Northeast Lakes 9/93
26
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Surface Waters Resource Monitoring
Section 2.7: Wetlands
Development of Monitoring Strategies for Wetlands
Project Code: WL-90-001 EPA Regions: 4,5,6,.7,8
Period of Performance: 1991 -1993 States: AL, FL, IA, LA, MN, MS, NB, ND,
SD,TX
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Eric M. Preston Richard P. Novitzki
ERL-Corvallis ManTech
(503) 754-4459 (503) 754-4666
Objectives: To identify and evaluate indicators and to begin developing indices of
salt marsh condition to use in a demonstration study planned for the Gulf of Mexico
in FY 93. To identify and evaluate indicators of prairie pothole condition which will
be used in a demonstration study planned for the midwest in FY 94. To select a
network of sample sites for the FY93 Gulf Coast demonstration study.
Work Plan: Louisiana State University researchers will analyze data obtained in
coastal Louisiana in September 1991 to determine which measurements discriminate
between healthy and degraded salt marshes. EMAP-Wetlands will (1) begin
developing indices of salt marsh condition; (2) select sample sites for the FY93 Gulf
Coast demonstration study; (3) coordinate with the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) so that satellite data can be related to ground-
level measurements of salt marsh condition; and (4) prepare an IAG between EPA and
the US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) to develop a research plan for conducting an
indicator development pilot study of prairie pothole wetlands. Sample sites will be
selected using FWS digitized data. FWS researchers will conduct the field sampling
from June through August. An IAG will be developed to establish a liaison position
between EMAP-Wetlands and FWS-National Wetland Inventory (NWI) to assure
coordination between the two programs and to work toward merging the two into a
joint wetland monitoring program. Interagency coordination between EPA and FWS-
NWI, US Forest Service, NOAA, and other agencies as appropriate, will continue as
the roles of each agency involved in monitoring wetlands continues to evolve.
27
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Surface Waters Resource Monitoring
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Journal Article: Evaluation of EMAP indicators in describing 11/91
response of vegetation in northern prairie wetlands to
flooding
• Report: Project plan for the pilot study in the Prairie Pothole 4/92
region
• journal Article: Comparison of EMAP Sampling Frame to 8/92
National Wetland Inventory Data for Illinois, Washington,
and the Prairie Pothole Region
• Report: Evaluation of the EMAP Design and Wetlands Class- 9/92
ification for Wetlands in Illinois, Washington, and the Prairie
Pothole Region
• Report: Summary of Data Analysis and Evaluation of 10/92
Indicators and Measurement Techniques from Louisiana Salt
Marsh Pilot Study
28
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Section 3: Coordination Activities
As mentioned in the Introduction, EMAP has six groups dedicated to ensuring that re-
source monitoring activities are conducted in a consistent, coordinated, and compat-
ible manner among and between Resource Groups. These Coordination Groups -
Statistics and Design, Indicators, Logistics, Total Quality Management, Technology
Transfer, and International Activities, — are charged with the responsibility for devel-
oping standardized protocols and procedures for all aspects of monitoring and assess-
ment, from sampling design to data analysis and reporting, and ensuring such proto-
cols are followed by all Resource Groups. By working closely with each Resource
Groups, the Coordination Groups have developed a better understanding of the spe-
cific needs and objectives of the individual groups and how they can be integrated in
the overall Program. Based on this interaction, the Coordination Groups have pro-
duced Program documents that provide guidance on design, indicators, logistics, and
quality assurance; in addition, these groups have supported Resource Group planning
and contributed valuable input to the individual research plans. The following
subsections of this report summarize the steps being taken by these Coordination
Groups toward establishing a cohesive program.
Interaction between the Coordination Groups and Resource Groups is critical to
achieving an efficient and non-duplicative approach to meeting the goal and objec-
tives of EMAP. Communication and cooperation among the six Coordination Groups,
however, is also critical for minimizing effort expended while maximizing information
gained by the Resource Groups. EMAP's success depends on the complementary ex-
pertise as well as the combined efforts of these Groups. The following Project De-
scriptions provide details of the ongoing and planned activities of the Coordination
Groups.
29
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Statistics and Design Coordination Activities
Section 3.1: Statistics and Design
Development and Improvement of the EMAP Sampling Design Framework
Project Code: SD-90-001 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1990-1997 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Anthony R. Olsen Donald L. Stevens, Jr.
ERL-Corvallis ManTech
(503) 754-4790 (503) 754-4542
Objectives: To develop a rigorous, probability-based monitoring design framework for
EMAP, and to establish procedures for the review and improvement of the framework
as additional information on ecological resource characteristics and scientific
technology become available.
Work Plan: EMAP requires a probability-based monitoring design framework as the
basis for estimating and assessing ecological status and trends on a regional and
national scale. The design must enable sampling of any spatially distributed and
identifiable ecological resouce without requiring an explicit sampling frame. The
framework development will be guided by the following criteria:
• Consistent representation of all ecological resources and environmental
entities;
• Provision to respond quickly to new questions or issues; and
• Samples have the same spatial distribution pattern as the ecological resource
being monitored.
The first task was the completion of a Design Report for EMAP that described the
general conceptual framework for the sampling design. The next task will be the
development of the cartographic and geometric properties of the EMAP grid,
including documentation of implementation procedures. The conceptual framework
will be further developed and communicated in a task to prepare a report on the
sampling design perspective, including topics that must be considered when
implementing the conceptual framework.
A series of tasks will address specific statistical topics required for the successful im-
plementation of the sampling design. For FY 1992, these will include the preparation
of reports on:
1) procedures for status estimation using design-based estimators,
2) regional trend detection and estimation procedures,
3) approach to ecological resource estimation, and
4) model-based estimation issues for EMAP.
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Statistics and Design Coordination Activities
The design development will include coordination with statistical design staffs of
existing national monitoring programs. Evaluation of the design framework will be
conducted on a continuing basis to ensure that the design is cost-effective and
addresses issues specific to ecological resources.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• "EMAP Sampling Design* (journal article) 7/92
• Report on Status Estimation: Procedures and Algorithms 2/93
• Report on Ecological Resource Extent Estimation 12/93
Coordination ofEMAP Sampling Design Implementation
Project Code: SD-90-002 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1990-1997 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Anthony R. Olsen Anthony R. Olsen
ERL-Corvallis ERL-C
(503) 754-4790 (503) 754-4790
Objectives: Provide the coordination and technical support required to ensure that
the EMAP sampling design framework is implemented by all EMAP Resource Groups
and that the EMAP sampling design framework is communicated to federal and state
programs who coordinate their monitoring programs with EMAP.
Work Plan: This project is a long-term effort begun in 1992. The coordination re-
quired to implement the EMAP sampling design framework is being accomplished by
establishing a statistics and design team, composed of statisticians from all EMAP Re-
source Groups and the central design team. This team will implement and refine the
design framework for each ecological resource area. In addition, statistical design staff
from cooperating agencies will be integral members of the implementation process.
The coordination effort will include:
1) holding statistics and design workshops on general implementation issues,
2) participation in the preparation and review of Resource Group research, pi-
lot, and demonstration plans, and
3) review of annual statistical reports and interpretive assessment reports for
adherence to status and trends estimation procedures.
Implementation includes explicit definition of resource populations, development of
resource sampling frames integrated with a common EMAP sampling frame structure,
sample selection protocols for field sampling, and definition of estimation procedures
consistent with sampling design.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Workshop on Sampling Design Implementation
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Statistics and Design Coordination Activities
Investigation of Statistical Issues in EMAP Quality Assurance
Project Code: SD-91 -003 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1991 -1997 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Anthony R. Olsen John Flueck
ERL-Corvallis Environmental Research Center-
(503) 754-4790 UNLV
(702)597-4124
Objectives: To investigate statistical design and analysis aspects of a quality im-
provement program in coordination with EMAP Total Quality Management, the Pro-
ject will develop approaches to a cost-effective statistical quality control program to
produce required precision and accuracy information for EMAP.
Work Plan: The investigation of statistical design and analysis aspects of a quality im-
provement program will be initialled by developing examples of quality improvement
techniques in association with one or more Resource Group field programs. Initially,
efforts will be directed toward procedures that address field team data comparability.
EMAP Surface Water and Forests field studies will be used to demonstrate the proce-
dures. Subsequently, successful procedures will be incorporated into the normal
monitoring plans of the Resource Groups.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Report on Quality Improvement Procedures for Ecological 5/93
Monitoring
32
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Statistics and Design Coordination Actrvitie
American Statistical Association Review ofEMAP Statistics and Design
Activities
Project Code: SD-91 -004 EPA Regionfs): NA
Period of Performance: 1991-1997 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Anthony R. Olsen Barbara Bailar
ERL-Corvallis ASA
(503) 754-4790 (703) 684-1221
Objective: Provide for the review of all statistical analysis and sampling design activi-
ties conducted by EMAP.
Work Plan This project is a long-term effort begun in 1991. A comprehensive pro-
gram for review of all statistics and design activities has been established to provide
the oversight necessary for the successful implementation of EMAP. The American
Statistical Association (ASA) has established a Committee on EMAP to provide overall
review, advice, and identification of statistical research issues important to EMAP's
success. In addition, in FY 1992, the ASA in coordination with the review panel will
identify ASA representatives to be members of all EMAP Resource Group peer review
panels.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• ASA review of EMAP Statistics and Design 11/91
33
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Indicators Coordination Activities
Section 3.2: Indicators
Research Strategy for Developing Indicators of Ecological Condition
Project Code: IN-90-001 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1990-1992 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Craig Barber TBA
ERL-Athens
(706)546-3147
Objectives: The Indicator Development Strategy for EMAP (April, 1991) outlines a
well-defined multistage process for developing indicators of ecological condition. The
most important phases in this process with respect to EMAP's ultimate success or fail-
ure concerns: (1) the explicit identification of the environmental values and ecological
attributes of the resources under consideration and (2) the development of conceptual
models that provide frameworks to interpret indicator behavior and to insure that
critical resource components and functions are not overlooked. This project has two
objectives:
1) to provide technical assistance to EMAP Resource Groups and EMAP Re-
gional Offices during the development of their conceptual models and
identification of candidate research indicators, and
2) to facilitate the development of cross-cutting indicators that must be ad-
dressed to multiple Resource Croups and that are needed for integrated
multimedia assessments.
Work Plan: The Indicator Task Group will meet with each individual EMAP Resource
Group and REMAP Regional Office to document their indicator development process.
Environmental values and ecological attributes will be identified explicitly. The Indi-
cator Task Group will provide general technical assistance to the Resource Groups by
reviewing the use of specific indicators that have been reported in the open ecologi-
cal literature and by reviewing conceptual and mathematical models that have been
used for basic ecological research and for management decisions related to identified
environmental values. Conceptual models used by each Resource Group for the iden-
tification of important ecological attributes and candidate research indicators will be
documented in a series of written reports. Last year, the construction of a computer-
ized database of indicators was initiated to document the EMAP indicator process.
This effort will continue as an integral part of the Indicator Task Group's responsibili-
ties. A workshop will be scheduled for early FY93 to discuss both the status of EMAP
indicators and emerging issues related to the indicator development process in
general.
34
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Indicators Coordination Activities
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Literature review of ecological indicators 3/93
• Documented database of indicators being considered by 3/93
EMAP Resouce Groups
• Report on available conceptual and mathematical models 12/92
that could be used as frameworks for EMAP indicator
development and interpretation
• Workshop on EMAP indicator development 3/93
International Symposium on Ecological Indicators
Project Code: IN-90-002 £PA Regionfs): NA
Period of Performance: 1990-1991 Statefs): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Daniel McKenzie Eric Hyatt
ERL-Corvallis AREAL
(503)754^625 (919)541-0673
Objectives: Organize and conduct an international symposium to exchange state-of-
science information on the identification, application, research, and monitoring of
ecological indicators. Discuss how these indicators can be used within a regional/
national monitoring program to interpret condition in ecological resources. Convene
international scientists, researchers, administrators, and policy makers to discuss the
need for a broader understanding of ecosystems and research priorities, anticipating
emerging environmental problems, and addressing national and international
monitoring, regulatory, and policy needs.
Work Plan: The International Symposium on Ecological Indicators was held October
16-19, 1990, in Fort Lauderdale, FL. The symposium was sponsored by the U.S. Envi-
ronmental Protection Agency, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
U.S. DOI Minerals Management Service, and USDA Agricultural Research Service, in
consultation with a consortium of international scientists.
Proceedings of the symposium are scheduled for publication in August 1992.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• International Symposium on Ecological Indicators 10AX)
• Proceedings of the International Symposium on Ecological . „
Indicators
35
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Logistics Coordination Activities
Section 3.3: Logistics
Logistics Program Planning for EMAP
Project Code: LG-90-001 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1990-1992 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Daniel Heggem Daniel Heggem
EMSL-Las Vegas EMSL-LV
(702) 798-2278 (702) 798-2278
Objectives: The Logistics Task Group's mission to to provide to the Resource Groups
consistent, coordinated guidance on developing an holistic approach to the planning
and implementation of field sampling programs.
Work Plan: This project's 1992 activities will focus on assisting the Resource Groups
in developing their individual logistic plans, identifying common elements among re-
source groups for greater efficiency and cost-effectiveness in field implementation,
coordinating logistics/implementation activities with resource groups to ensure conti-
nuity and comparability among groups, and assisting with guidance for all phases of
field implementation from planning, to training, to site access, through sample track-
ing and public relations.
Other activities will be as follows:
• Coordinate logistics activities among the Resource Groups through biweekly
teleconferences, periodic meetings of logistics coordinators, and participa-
tion in field activities;
• Ensure the elements of the logistics plan and approach of each resource
group is carried through and incorporated in the activities of Information
Management, Methods, Indicator Development, and Total Quality Man-
agement;
• Approve the logistics plans of each resource group prior to field implementa-
tion;
• Conduct a post-field sampling de-briefing to identify successful activities and
those that might be improved;
• Develop and refine EMAP technical guidelines for logistics/implementation
plans and activities and distribute to all groups in EMAP.
Ddiverablfs/Mikstones Time Frame
• Six-year options and alternatives for EMAP logistics 11/91
• Revise EMAP logistics guidance document 8/92
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Total Quality Management Coordination Activities
Section 3.4: EMAP QA Program
Quality Assurance and Quality Control Program Planning for EMAP
Project Code: TQ-90-001 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Linda Kirkland Linda Kirkland
OMMSQA (RD-680) OMMSQA (RD-680)
(202) 260-5775 (202) 260-5775
Objectives: Provide guidance, support, and oversight on quality assurance (QA) and
quality control procedures and planning to the monitoring and assessment activities
in EMAP. This coordination will ensure that
1. data generated for EMAP are of adequate quality to meet Program needs;
2. procedures and processes used in EMAP will produce the desired results;
3. procedures, processes, and data are sufficiently documented; and
4. data generated by one EMAP Resource Group are adequately defined for
valid comparison with data generated by other EMAP Resource Croups.
Work Plan: The EMAP Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPP) is the foundation for
QA activities within EMAP. This document not only reflects EMAP's commitment to
quality but also provides specific mechanisms and policy guidance by which quality
can be maintained, quantified, and documented. Because EMAP is an interdisci-
plinary program of national scale, the QAPP presents an integrated strategy for guid-
ing and coordinating QA activities across resource groups, geographical areas, and
programmatic lines. The Total Quality Management Group will concentrate its FY92
efforts toward developing the policies for the QAPP. This plan will be reviewed on an
annual basis and updated to integrate changes in Program management, policies and
procedures as they are developed.
In addition to developing the EMAP QAPP, the EMAP QA Program will provide spe-
cific guidance and support to EMAP data collection and analysis activities. In 1992,
the emphasis will be on providing support to the EMAP Resource Groups through de-
velopment of specific guidance on the application of the design quality objective
(DQO) process to EMAP and the preparation of QA Project Plans.
DeliveraUes/Milestones Time Frame
• Quality Assurance Annual Report and Work Plan 9/92
• EMAP Quality Assurance Program Plan 9/93
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Technology Transfer Coordination Activities
Section 3.5: Technology Transfer
Development of EMAP Program-Level Informational Materials
Project Code: TT-90-001 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1990-1992 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Carol Finch Carol Finch
OMMSQA OMMSQA
(202) 260-9463 (202) 260-9463
Objectives: Ensure that interested parties are kept informed about Program direction,
current activities, significant scientific accomplishments and milestones, and available
products (including major Program reports and planning documents). As EMAP ap-
proaches full implementation, the prior dissemination of such information will have
proven valuable in enlisting the assistance of EPA Program Offices, EPA Regional Of-
fices, the states, and the academic community.
Work Plan: During FY92 the EMAP News will provide monthly documentation of the
previous month's significant accomplishments, briefings and meetings, and publica-
tions and presentations. This monthly memorandum will be distributed routinely to
over 150 individuals in EPA Program Offices, Regional Offices, and ORD Laborato-
ries. The distribution list will continue to be updated, and this product will remain
EMAP's principal vehicle for communication within EPA.
A second major product will be the FY92 Project Descriptors document, which suc-
cinctly describes the objectives and work plans of the specific projects within EMAP.
This document is to be updated annually and is intended for a broader audience than
is the monthly memorandum.
The EMAP Monitor, which will be issued two to three times per year, will begin with
an overview perspective of the Program a feature article describing the Program's
major event of the quarter, summary updates of EMAP Resource and Task Group ac-
tivities, a calendar of upcoming events, EMAP publications and presentations, and
senior personnel in the Program. The audience for this product includes all those in-
dividuals who receive the monthly, as well as key personnel in other federal agencies
and the states and members of the academic community.
A report on EMAP publications will be produced in FY92. This document will be a
bibliographic listing of reports, guidance documents, research plans, and journal ar-
ticles produced by EMAP personnel. Presentations include those made to scientific
organizations and governmental institutions.
Several other informational products are planned, including brochures and videos.
These products will be tailored for specific audiences, including the public-at-large,
federal agency administrators, Congressional staff, and others, as determined by the
needs of EMAP to disseminate information.
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Technology Transfer Coordination Activities
Long-range plans include setting up briefings with EPA Regional and Program Offices
and the states to begin identifying their needs with respect to EMAP Technology
Transfer; sponsoring a symposium on some key scientific topic of interest to EMAP,
such as landscape ecology or biodiversity; holding Regional and State workshops on
EMAP topics of interest to them, and consideration of establishing an EMAP-spon-
sored journal as a vehicle for publishing peer-reviewed articles authored by or of in-
terest to EMAP scientists.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• EMAP News Monthly
• EMAP Project Description Document 8/92
• EMAP Monitor 3/92; 9/92
Development of Policies and Procedures for EMAP Communications
Project Code: TT-90-002 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1990-1992 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Carol Finch Carol Finch
OMMSQA OMMSQA
(202) 260-9463 (202) 260-9463
Objectives: The purpose of this project is threefold: (1) to coordinate the production
and dissemination of support products aimed at facilitating communications among
EMAP Senior Managers; (2) to develop Program-wide administrative policies and pro-
cedures and a ten-year technology transfer plan; and (3) to provide a "clearing house"
for tracking, storing, and distributing EMAP technical reports and other technical
products.
Work Plan: Facilitating communications among EMAP Senior Managers is accom-
plished by using several routine communication tools. Weekly Steering Committee
conference call summaries, highlighting key issues and action items with dates, are a
primary tool. Personnel lists containing mailing addresses and telephone and facsim-
ile numbers are periodically updated to reflect changes in personnel designated as
lead managers and are then distributed Program-wide for use by EMAP Senior Man-
agers and their support staff. Calendars for the current and upcoming months are dis-
tributed each month in the EMAP News.
To accomplish the second objective, an expanded administrative manual and a ten-
year technology transfer plan will be produced. The administrative manual is an oper-
ational guideline that includes (1) a style guide with appendices for producing reports,
which is consistent with ORD guidelines, but "customized" for use within EMAP, and
(2) policies and procedures for internal Program communications, peer review of
projects and outputs, and printing of Program documents. The technology transfer
plan expands on the administrative manual to incorporate changing needs for both in-
ternal and external information dissemination as EMAP becomes larger and more
complex. The document is envisioned to contain (1) refined guidance for preparing
39
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Technology Transfer Coordination Activities
EMAP products; (2) an expansion of guidance for internal communications;
(3) procedures for ensuring effective public relations; (4) guidance on data acquisition,
management, access, and confidentiality; and (5) more definitive procedures for
clearance and publication of specific types of EMAP products.
To meet the third objective, a centralized computer tracking system is being devel-
oped. This system will provide a centralized data base, with online access for particu-
lar elements, for the purpose of tracking EMAP publications, mailing lists, and
distribution of products.
Deliverabtes/Milestones Time Frame
• Administrative Manual 12/92
• Final Ten-Year Technology Transfer Plan 12/92
40
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International Activities Coordination Activities
Section 3.6: International Activities
EMAP International Activities:
Project Code: IT-90-001 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1991 -1992 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigators
Miriam Rodon-Naveira None
OMMSQA
(202) 260-5782
Objectives: The overall goals of the EMAP International effort are to encourage the
development of global scale environmental monitoring networks and to initiate ex-
tension of the EMAP concept on an international basis. The objective of EMAP inter-
national in FY92 is to provide technical assistance to countries desiring to establish
their own ecological monitoring program and to publicize EMAP on an international
scale.
Work Plan: This project has several small ongoing efforts to help meet this broad ob-
jective. The EMAP-lnternational team will develop a five-year plan which will ad-
dress EMAP's interests and priorities in the international arena. Secondly, technical
assistance will be provided to countries of the former Soviet Union in cooperation
with Regional Offices and EPA's Office of International Activities. In cooperation with
the Smithsonian Institution, the World Bank, the Ecological Society of America, and
the East West Center, EMAP will sponsor an international conference on developing a
sustainable biosphere. The conference will develop a definition of sustainability and
assess the current state of the knowledge for assessing sustainability of our natural re-
sources. In addition, EMAP personnel will participate in a number of international
conferences related to monitoring, assessment and data exchange. For example,
EMAP personnel will make several presentations and chair sessions at the Interna-
tional Eco-information conference in September of 1992.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• International Plan for EMAP 11/92
• Monitoring Plan for the Caribbean 1/93
41
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InternationalActivities Coordination Activitief
42
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Section 4: Integration Activities
Four groups within the current EMAP organizational structure perform activities that
facilitate the acquisition, management, and interpretation of monitoring data. The Air
and Deposition and Landscape Characterization Groups provide data that assists all
Resource Groups in interpreting observations on resource condition. EMAP-lnforma-
tion Management facilitates the storage of information and its dissemination to and
from the Program as well as among the Resource Group, Coordination Groups, and
the other Integration Groups. The Integration and Assessment Group also helps to
coordinate the acquisition of data from other monitoring networks that cut across or
are relevant to two or more Resource Groups. This Group also ensures that scientific
information collected during various EMAP field activities is translated into a form
that can be used to answer management questions regarding regional-scale
environmental problems.
The following Project Descriptors provide details on the ongoing and planned ac-
tivities of the four Integration Groups. Section 4.1 covers the Air and Deposition
Group, Section 4.2 describes activities of EMAP-Landscape Characterization, Section
4.3 contains a description of EMAP-lnformation Management activities, and Section
4.4 presents activities of EMAP-lntegration and Assessment.
43
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Air and Deposition Integration Activities
Section 4.1: Air and Deposition
Study to Determine Optimum Status and Trends Network
Project Code: AD-90-003 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1991-1992 States): All
Project Officer Principal Investigator
David Holland Tim Haas
AREAL University of Wisconsin-
(919)541-3126 Milwaukee
(414) 229-4864
Objectives: EMAP will rely, in part, on atmospheric and deposition exposure informa-
tion that is collected by existing monitoring networks that are part of the Clean Air Act
Status and Trends Monitoring Network (CASTNET). Participants in CASTNET include
EPA, other federal agencies, state agencies and Canadian environmental agencies.
Statistical analyses of existing monitoring data will be used to evaluate the need to
augment existing monitoring with new sites. The design of CASTNET is structured to
meet the information needs of EMAP resource groups who demand high quality data
for ecological modeling investigations that focus on the complex relationships be-
tween ecosystem health and pollutant exposure. CASTNET data will be used to pre-
dict spatial patterns of rural deposition across the U.S., to estimate the trend in depo-
sition, and to assess the capability of existing monitoring to quantify future trends in
sulfate concentration in the eastern U.S. This project focuses on the spatial interpola-
tion of deposition.
Work Plan: An optimal deposition monitoring network will be designed to ensure an
ability to interpolate between existing sites by minimizing the uncertainty of predic-
tion. This research will be complemented by an evaluation of the need to collect data
at non-monitored sensitive aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Predictions of deposi-
tion in these areas are inaccurate and the correction of this problem is a high priority
of CASTNET.
Delivenbles/Milestones Time Frame
• Report describing design of "status" network 12/92
44
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Landscape Characterization Integration Activities
Section 4.2: Landscape Characterization
Sampling Frame Development for Ecological Resource Monitoring
Project Code: LC-90-001 EPA Region(s): Al I
Period of Performance: 1990-1999 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Bruce Jones Denice Shaw
EMSL/EAD EPIC
(702)798-2454 (703) 349-7510
Objectives: Coordinate the development of an EMAP resource classification system
that encompasses all EMAP resource categories of interest; provide, and if necessary,
process or enhance existing map-based data suitable for use as provisional sampling
frames by EMAP resource groups; assure the compatibility of these data with the cur-
rent EMAP resource classification system and with other data on ecological resource
extent and distribution from EMAP or its cooperators; work with EMAP resource
groups to determine provisional sampling frame development requirements, tech-
niques and regional/national production schedules.
Work Plan: This long-term project, begun in 1990, has five principal elements: (1)
classification system development with the input of all resource groups; (2) develop-
ment and evaluation of methods to use existing, mapped data bases for interim sam-
pling frames; (3) development and application of provisional lakes and streams sam-
pling frames; (4) development and application of a provisional wetlands sampling
frame; and (5) if necessary, development and application of a provisional map-based
arid lands sampling frame.
During program development and pilot studies, EMAP resource groups determine the
classes and subclasses of their resource for which they will monitor and assess
changes in condition. EMAP-LC is developing a national, hierarchical and compre-
hensive classification system by organizing and standardizing these priority resource
classes and filling gaps as needed.
Groups using mapped sampling data include EMAP-Surface Waters, EMAP-Wetlands,
and potentially EMAP-Arid Lands. The lake frame methodology was developed and
applied by EMAP-LC and EMAP-Surface Waters in EPA Regions 1, 2, and 5 during
FY90. Completion of a national lake frame was accomplished in 1991 and will be
evaluated by EMAP-LC, EMAP-Design and the aquatic resource groups during 1992-
93 in a national aquatic resources sampling design evaluation project. Development
of the stream sampling frame methodology by EMAP-Surface Waters will begin in
FY92.
During FY91, frame development pilot studies were conducted jointly with NWI and
EMAP-Wetlands in Illinois, Washington, and the prairie potholes region of the north
central US. Proposed frame development methods were applied in the southeastern
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Landscape Characterization Integration Activities
United States in late FY91 to develop a sample of estuarine emergent wetlands for
monitoring during the FY92 field season. FY92 and FY93 activities will include com-
pletion of digitizing and automated reclassification into EMAP wetlands class cate-
gories for the entire prairie potholes region.
EMAP-Landscape Characterization is assisting EMAP-Arid Lands in determining their
classification and sampling frame needs.
Deliverable*/Milestones: Time Frame
• Wetlands Frame materials for Gulf Coast Estuarine 10/91
Emergents
• Lake Frame Completed 11/91
• National Forum on Land Cover Classification and 3/92
Mapping
• Wetlands Sampling Pilot Report 6/92
• CIS Methods for Reclassifying Wetland Map (technical 5/92
paper)
• Provisional EMAP Classification System 9/92
• Provisional Interagency classification system (technical 12/92
paper)
• Aquatic sampling frame (investigation report) 9/93
Development of the Landscape Characterization Pilot Sites Network
Project Code: LC-90-002 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1990-1993 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Bruce Jones DeniceShaw
EMSL/EAD EPIC
(702)798-2454 (703) 341-7510
Objectives: Apply, evaluate, and refine EMAP-Landscape Characterization approach
and methods in a series of pilot projects; focus on detecting environmental problems
in diverse regional settings; involve EPA Regions, States, and cooperating federal
agencies; and establish characterization data base nuclei in order to evaluate useful-
ness to EMAP clients. Each individual project will cover a special investigation topic
and/or regionally representative location, to address and resolve specific technical or
logistical issues.
Work Plan: This long-term project, begun in 1990, has five principal elements: (1)
methods developmenVrefinement/evaluation studies, (2) change detection pilot study,
(3) equipment/information management, (4) quality assurance/quality control devel-
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Landscape Characterization Integration Activities
opment, and (5) development of the EMAP-Landscape Characterization program
plans. These elements are being addressed through a number of pilot studies.
A diverse, nationally distributed network of pilot projects was initiated in FY91. These
projects share a common set of objectives, while individually featuring a topic such
as change detection, information management and interagency data exchange, qual-
ity assurance/quality control, accuracy assessment, production equipment testing, and
integration with Resource Group data.
The Ten-Hexagon Pilot Project, which was the first EMAP-Landscape Characterization
pilot study, involved a transect often 40-km2, hexagon-shaped EMAP sampling sites
spanning three ecoregions. This pilot served as a methods refinement study and a
means to identify other topics needing pre-implementation research, planning, and
pilot testing. The sequel to this pilot will be the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Charac-
terization Pilot, involving the development of a multistage characterization database
on a f>4,000 square mile watershed covering parts of five states. This pilot will involve
several state and federal collaborators and shared funding, and will also enable the
exploratory development of interagency standardization of methods for classification,
mapping, accuracy assessment, and database design.
EMAP-LC will contract with Oak Ridge Laboratory to conduct a comparison of the
EMAP grid-sampled data set to a full-coverage land cover map of the same area, in
terms of proportion of resources and several indices of landscape pattern.
Other pilot studies for 1992 will include the Arid Lands San Pedro valley pilot, a land
cover change study undertaken in desert environs in contrast to the other, eastern pi-
lot projects, and a Breeding Bird Survey route characterization study in which land
cover patterns are correlated with nesting bird species presence, abundance and di-
versity. In the Georgia pilot project, EMAP-LC has designed a method for classifying
landscape-level units of organization (such as forests with agricultural patches, or ur-
ban mosaics) through visual interpretation of satellite imagery. A 40,000 square mile
study area was completed during FY91 and will be statistically evaluated in 1992 in
connection with a series of assessment- questions. The EMAP-Forests and EMAP-
Agroecosystems groups are cooperators.
The collective results of these pilot projects will provide critical input to the EMAP-
Landscape Characterization Strategic Plan and Research Plan. These plans may be
completed after EMAP resource groups resolve their classifications, sampling proce-
dures, and diagnostic indicator needs from characterization data, and when these
needs are reconciled with an overall EMAP program plan.
Deliverables/Milestones: Time Frame
• Oak Ridge Simulation Pilot -(Journal Article) 7/92
• San Pedro Arid Lands Pilot Report 8/92
• Chesapeake Bay Project Report 12/92
• Georgia Pilot Project Report 12/92
47
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Information Management Integration Activities
Section 4.3: Information Management
EMAP Information Management Dictionary Catalog Directory (DCD)
Project code: IM-92-001 EPA Regions: NA
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 States: NA
Project Officers: Principle Investigators:
Bob Shepanek Don Strebel
U.S. EPA (RD-680) VERSAR, Inc.
(202) 260-5776 (301) 964-9200
Denice Shaw
EMSl-Las Vegas
(702)798-2698
Steve Greenfield
U.S. EPA / EMSL-LV
(702)798-2608
Objective: Key contributing factors to the success of EMAP information management
are the ability to access data external to EMAP, and the ability to manage large vol-
umes of scientific and systems development life cycle meta-data. The EMAP informa-
tion management DCD effort investigates what meta-data is important to EMAP, the
availability of meta-data, procedures and methods for accessing and handling meta-
data, meta-data standards, and the best available technology to support meta-data
management.
Work Plan: The EMAP information management DCD group will identify major DCD
and encyclopedia issues that directly affect EMAP information management. The
DCD work plan approach is to identify the DCD user population, define the DCD
system requirements, review existing DCD systems and approaches, develop a partial
prototype to demonstrate the concepts, exercise the existing systems and prototype
and develop refined specifications and recommendations for a more complete system.
Deliverable/Milestones Time Frame
• Compile inventory data sets 9/92
• Common DCD core structure 7/92
• Policy for data set descriptions 9/92
• Directory — version 1.0 9/92
• Directory evaluation 11^2
• Directory — version 2.0 3/93
48
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Information Management
Integration Activities
Proof of Concept
Project code: IM-92-002
Period of Performance: 1992-1993
Project Officers
Bob Shepanek
U.S. EPA (RD-680)
(202)260-5776
Denice Shaw
EMSL-Las Vegas
(702)798-2698
Steve Greenfield
U.S. EPA/EMSL-LV
(702)798-2608
EPA Regions: NA
States: NA
Principle Investigators
Jon Clark
Computer Sciences Corp.
(919)990-1579
Jeff Rosen
Computer Science Corporation
(401)782-3068
Charles Liff
Environmental Research Center •
UNLV
(702) 897-3404
Objectives: The EMAP Information Management Proof of Concept (POQ is an effort
to better posture the EMAP users and information management team to design and
build the EMAP information system enabling the EMAP mission. It is designed to
broadly provide a working model of the total EMAP information management concept
while concentrating in a detailed way on the requirements of the Forests and Near
Coastal resource groups, and the Geographic Presentation group.
The proof of concept will:
1) provide clarification of scope and degree of difficulty in developing an
integrated information system that allows program wide data sharing and
distribution;
2) enhance understanding by EMAP of the strengths and weakness of existing
database technology;
3) clarify what information standards are required by the EMAP information
management program;
4) evaluate the proposed sytems development life cycle;
5) validate information products that will lead to analysis of 90 and 91 summer
pilot and demonstration data; and
6) demonstrate a basic EMAP user interface system.
Work Plan: The technical approach to the EMAP Proof of Concept is to execute the
systems development life cycle using the best available techniques on an appropri-
ately scoped set of real user requirements. The development process will include a
functional design, logical design, physical design, detailed design, implementation,
quality assurance and associated documentation. The Proof of Concept will act as an
aggregate to test concepts for utility in the larger EMAP information management
49
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Information Management Integration Activities
context, such as the anticipated hardware and software platforms, the use of encyclo-
pedia and Computer Assisted Systems Engineering (CASE) tools for model and data
base management, and various user interfaces.
DeliveraUes/Milestones Time Frame
• Draft POC plan 4/92
• Final POC plan 6/92
• Hardware Software Procurement 7/92
• Joint Application Design Session 7/92
• Design Documentation Development 11/92
• Initial Implementation 1/93
• Implementation Evaluation 6/93
Strategic Plan
Project code: IM-92-003 EPA Regions: NA
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 States: NA
Project Officers: Principle Investigator:
Bob Shepanek James Thomas
U.S. EPA (RD-680) Battelle/ Pacific Northwest Labs
(202)260-5776 (309)375-2210
Denice Shaw
EMSL-Las Vegas
(702)798-2698
Steve Greenfield
EMSL-LV
(702)798-2608
Objectives: The EMAP Information Management Strategic plan supplies the 5 year
framework:
"To provide effective and extensible information management systems for
monitoring the health of the earth's ecosystems. Information management
will provide the tools and technology for turning raw scientific measure-
ments into information which can guide public policy towards improving
the quality of our environment".
Work Plan: The strategic plan is the result of collaborative effort begun in 1990 by
information management representatives from each of the resource groups, coordinat-
ing groups, EMAP Central, and OIRM/NDPD. The plan will build on the experience
of several field seasons, the EEI-1 Mission Needs Statement for EMAP Information
Management, the collective wisdom of interdisciplinary teams analyzing results from
sampling pilots, experience in developing large monitoring programs, and experience
50
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Information Management Integration Activities
organizing complex information systems. The plan will provide the framework for
EEI-3 The EMAP Information Management Project Plan.
In order for the strategic plan to be credible and well reviewed, a broad technology
and experience base has been applied throughout the development process. In addi-
tion, peer review of the plan is anticipated in 1992.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Strategic Plan - Draft 1 11/91
• Strategic Plan - Version 1.0 4/92
• Strategic Plan - Version 1.5 6/92
• Strategic Plan - Version 1.6 7/92
• Peer Review 8/92
• Strategic Plan - Version 2.0 9/92
Life Cycle Documentation
Project Code: IM-92-004 EPA Region: NA
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 States: NA
Project Officers Principal Investigators
Bob Shepanek Charles Berry
U.S. EPA (RD-680) Computer Sciences Corp.
(202)260-5776 (702)735-1971
Den ice Shaw
EMSL-Us Vegas
(702)798-2698
Steve Greenfield
U.S. EPA/EMSL-LV
(702)798-2608
Objective: Significant economies and advantages accrue during execution of the sys-
tems development life cycle if a standard process supported by the production of
standard documents is followed. Two of the documents which are integral to the EPA
systems development life cycle are the Mission Needs Analysis and the ADP Re-
quirements. The purpose of the former is to ensure that the system effort documented
is genuinely required and not redundant with already existing systems. The purpose of
the later is to provide as detailed as reasonable information of ADP equipment needs
in advance for a specified period of time.
Work Plan: The Mission Needs Analysis and the ADP Requirements Document are
ongoing with expected completion in 1992. The life cycle group is the focal point for
compilation and quality assurance for the missions need efforts and ADP require-
ments efforts of each of the resource groups. In addition, the life cycle documentation
group produces the central core of the documents and those parts which deal with
the specific requirements of the EMAP Information Management architecture.
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Information Management Integration Activities
The ADP Requirements Document will be updated to reflect the FY93 through FY95
needs for equipment required to process EMAP data centrally and in distributed
mode, and that needed for field collection and preliminary data handling.
DeliveraUes/Milestones Time Frame
Draft Mission Needs Analysis 7/91
Draft ADP Requirements 4/91
Complete Mission Needs Analysis 12/92
Complete ADP Requirements 11/92
Entity Relationship Report 8/92
CIS Infrastructure Development
Project Code: IM-92-005 EPA Region: NA
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 States: NA
Project Officers Principal Investigators
Denice Shaw Jeff K. Donovan
EMSL-Las Vegas Lockheed Engineering
(702)798-2698 (702)798-3643
Objective: The goal of EMAP-GIS is to provide an efficient and effective spatial data
management system to meet EMAP needs. Successful achievement of this goal re-
quires complete integration with EMAP-IM. This integration includes establishing a
logical CIS support system that operates under common objectives and standards and
is fully compatible with other IM components.
Work Plan: To fulfill this objective, EMAP-GIS will respond to the specific needs of
users within and external to EMAP. Specifically, EMAP-GIS will work to achieve the
following:
• Collaboration with OIRM as well as the other federal agencies that are par-
ticipating with EMAP;
• Ensure the CIS database design structure is consistent throughout EMAP and
is fully integrated with EMAP-lnformation Management;
• Encourage the use of spatial information through effective user interfaces,
technical support, and educational mechanisms; and
• Establish a quality assurance plan that ensures that spatial data retain their
integrity, precision, and accuracy across all EMAP and compliant user appli-
cations.
Dftiverablcs/Milfstones Time Frame
• EMAP CIS Spatial Data Management Plan 7/93
• EMAP GIS Resource Manaual (updates & revisions) on-going
• EMAP GIS Interface (Version 2.0) 11/92
52
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Information Management Integration Activities
Standards Development Plan
Project Code: IM-92-006 EPA Region: NA
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 States: NA
Project Officers Principal Investigators
Bob Shepanek Rod Slagel
U.S. EPA (RD-680) Lockheed Engineering
(202)260-5776 (702) 897-3340
Denice Shaw
EMSL-Las Vegas
(702)798-2698
Steve Greenfield
U.S. EPA/EMSL-LV
(702)798-2608
Objectives: The objectives of the EMAP Information Management Program Standards
Development Plan are to:
• identify current standards (both intra and inter-agency);
• develop a process for standards approval and documentation; and
• identify procedures for implementation and compliance
Work Plan: The EMAP IM Standards Development Plan will be the result of a
collaborative effort between the EMAP IM and CIS teams. A workgroup, composed of
representatives from the Resource Groups as well as the IM and CIS core teams will
be established. This work group will be responsible for the Standards Development
Plan. Standards that are developed and implemented will complement and comply
with existing EPA data standards.
In order for the Standards Development Plan to be credible and useful, the Plan will
undergo extensive review and evaluation both within EMAP and the Agency at large.
Deliverabtes/Milestones Timeframc
• Draft Standard Development Plan 7/92
• Baseline of current agency Standards 8/92
• Test Approval Process 9/92
• Completed Standards Development Plan 2/93
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Integration and Assessment Integration Activities
Section 4.4: Integration and Assessment
Science Advisory Board Review ofEMAP
Project Code: IA-90-003 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1990-1993 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigator:
Daniel Vallero Daniel Vallero
AREAL AREAL
919-541-0150 919-541-0150
Objectives: EMAP's research and application of cutting edge science is ground-break-
ing in that it uses long-term ecological effects monitoring and assessment to determine
status, trends, and changes in the condition of regional ecological resources, using a
systematic design. The key elements of EMAP are:
• it uses a probabilistic design (results expresed in terms of a known degreee
of certainty);
• it uses indicators of ecological condition;
* the scope is regional and national in extent;
• EMAP data provides a foundation for comparative risk and risk assessment
studies; and
• the Program provides status and trends of ecological conditon for all major
ecological resources.
These key Program elements are based on SAB recommendations. Therefore, the pro-
gram must receive the best scientific advice possible as it builds the program, and will
meet with the Ecological Process and Effects Committee of the EPA Science Advisory
Board (SAB) twice each year.
Since 1990, the SAB has consulted with the program regarding its direction and ap-
proach concerning key technical aspects, including indicators, design, landscape
characterization, information management, and integration and assessment. It has re-
viewed the Program Document, and will review other technical products for scientific
merit and relevance, including the Regional Ecosystem Assessment Prototype and
ecological resource-specific assessment documents.
Work Plan: The Science Advisory Board (SAB) will provide input to the program
through formal reviews and consultations. The reviews will culminate in formal re-
ports expressing the Board's recommendations on the subject matter provided during
the reviews.
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Integration and Assessment Integration Activities
Deliverables/Milestones: Time Frame
Program-wide EMAP Briefing of SAB 3/91
Formal SAB Report 7/91
Response to Formal Report/SAB Review of Revised 12/91
Program Document and Consultation
Formal SAB Report 5/92
Finalize Program Document/Response to Formal Report 8/92
National Academy of Sciences Review of EMAP
Project Code: IA-91-001 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1991-1993 State(s): NA
Project Officer: Principal Investigator:
Daniel McKenzie David Policansky
ERL - Corvallis National Research Council
503/754-4625 202/334-2540
Sheila David
National Research Council
202/334-3422
Objectives: The National Academy of Sciences, through the National Research
Council, shall provide for a study and produce a report which provides and unbiased
assessment of the scientific quality and responsiveness of the overall EMAP concept in
meeting the nation's environmental monitoring and assessment needs.
Work Plan: The National Research Council (NRC), using the resources of its Water
Sciences and Technology Board (WSTB) and the Board on Ecology Studies and Toxi-
cology (BEST) shall jointly appoint a committee under the Commission on Life Sci-
ences to undertake an evaluation of the proposed design and implementation of
EMAP. The review and evaluation of EMAP shall specifically provide a comprehen-
sive review of the overall objectives of the program, the indicator and sampling
strategies, data collection methods, data analysis and interpretation, and communica-
tion plans.
Deliverables/Milestones: Time Frame
• First Report on overall Plan for EMAP 6/92
• Second Report on Indicators, Surface Waters, Estuaries, 3/93
and Forests
• Third Report: A Comprehensive Review 3/94
55
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Integration and Assessment Integration Activities
EMAP Implementation Plan
Project Code: IA-92-001 EPA Regjon(s): All
Period of Performance: 1992-1996 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigators:
Daniel Vallero Paul Brands
AREAL American Management Systems
919-541-0150 703/841-6874
Kent Thornton
FTN Associates
501/225-7779
Objectives: The purpose of the EMAP Implementation Plan is to ensure that the com-
ponents of EMAP are addressed comprehensively to make optimal use of the pro-
gram's research, monitoring, and assessment resources and expertise. EMAP will be
addressed as an integrated "program," rather than a collection of technical
components. The principal users of the implementation plan are senior managers
within ORD and EMAP as they establish priorities and assess options for EMAP over
the next five years. The Implementation Plan will identify critical unresolved technical
issues and assign responsibilities for resolving those issues. The Implementation Plan
will also serve as a key tool to communicate the operational elements and schedule
for EMAP to participants and potential client groups.
Work Plan: EMAP-I&A will prepare guidance packages containing models of the im-
plementation plans for the resource groups and the cross-cutting groups. Each task
group within the program will prepare its specific plan, including the key steps, deci-
sion points, products, and criteria. On-site interviews with Technical Directors and
Technical Coordinators will be conducted to gather the technical details about each
task group, and these will be integrated into a single program-wide plan.
The plan will be approximately 100 pages in length, focusing on major events, deliv-
erables, interdependencies, unresolved technical issues, critical paths among the
EMAP components, and implications of variations in available resources.
Dtliverablfs/Milfstones: Time Frame
Guidance package to EMAP components 3/92
First Draft of Implementation Plan {Version 0.9) 7/92
Final Implementation Plan (Version 1.0) 11/92
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Integration and Assessment Integration Activities
Development ofEMAP Client/Communications Strategy
Project Code: IA-92-002 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1992-93 State(s): All
Project Officer: Principal Investigator:
Eric Hyatt Joanne Wyman
AREAL The Cadmus Group, Inc.
(919)541-0673 (703)339-0420
Daniel Vallero
AREAl/EERD - EMAP I&A
(919)541-0150
Objectives: In order to fulfill its objectives, EMAP needs to take steps to ensure that its
assessments are accurate, relevant, and readily available to decision-makers and other
clients/partners. EMAP I&A is developing and testing a client/communication strategy
which will identify EMAP's clients, describe the nature of the client relationship,
assess client needs and the extent to which EMAP can meet those needs, and outline
effective, corresponding communication strategies.
Work Plan: A useful client strategy will first identify prospective clients/partners, as-
certain their needs, and consider those needs throughout the programs's design, test-
ing and implementation phases. The following tasks (and subtasks) will be completed
for this project:
1) Identify EMAP Clients and Design Communications Strategy
A. Resolve Design Issues (i.e., strategic objectives, definition of clients,
client profiles, client needs, mechanisms for meeting client needs),
B. Identify and Categorize Clients,
C. Analyze Client Needs,
D. Develop and Evaluate Communications Options,
E. Prepare Client/Communications Strategy;
2) Provide Support for Program Office Linkages (to include regions and states);
and
3) Develop and Evaluate Publication Strategies.
Deliverablcs/Milestones:
• Executive Summary of Communications Strategy
• Draft Client Communication Strategy
• Final Client Communication Strategy (Version 1 .0)
Time Frame:
8/92
8/92
10/92
57
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Integration and Assessment Integration Activities
Draft Assessment Framework
Project Code: IA-92-003 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1992-93 State(s):Al I
Project Officer: Principal Investigator:
Daniel Vallero Gary Saul
AREAL FTN Associates
(919)541-0150 (512)448-0404
Objectives: Developing a framework in which assessments for the Environmental
Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) can be conducted is the first step in
providing comprehensive assessment guidance to EMAP Resource Groups, EPA
Regions, States, and other users of EMAP data. The following steps are basic to the
development of this framework:
1) Identifying the limits of the policy making and policy management
information requirments of actual and potential EMAP clients in the context
of the universe of EMAP-generated monitoring data;
2) Identifying the information needs of EMAP clients and the types of assess-
ment questions EMAP can and cannot answer;
2) Compiling, integrating and analyzing data to address these needs and
questions; and
3) Clearly communicating policy-relevant results to EMAP clients/partners.
Work Plan: The strategy for developing initial assessment guidance within EMAP will
have I&A develop and solicit assistance in the development of conceptual models
and assessment guideline documents — the first of which is the Assessment Frame-
work. I&A will secure additional support from formal and informal reviews (e.g., SAB
program reviews, I&A peer reviews, mentor panels, etc.) and assessment workshops
conducted by the EMAP Assessment Work Group, as well as provide review and
response to assessment products produced by EMAP Resource Groups and partners
(e.g., EPA regional offices, U.S. Forest Service, etc.).
Delivcrables/Mileslones: Time Frame:
• Draft to SAB for Constructive Comment 12/91
• Reviewable Draft Framework 9/92
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Integration and Assessment Integration Activities
Regional Ecosystem Assessment Prototype (REAP)
Project Code: IA-92-004 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1991-1993 State(s): All
Project Officer: Principal Investigator:
Daniel Vallero Dean Carpenter
AREAL ManTech
919-541-0150 919-541-0540
Objectives: The purpose of the REAP is to develop an illustrative example of a
regional-scale, integrated ecological assessment. In addition, the REAP will be a test-
bed for the development of methodological tools for conducting such assessments
which are the ultimate product of EMAP and which are intended to be both scientifi-
cally-rigorous and policy-relevant.
The focus of the REAP research will be on developing an understanding of how to as-
sess inter-ecosystem interactions at a regional level, and assessment tools and meth-
ods that embody that understanding. EMAP data from its Resource Groups (RG's) will
form the largest part of the data-set upon which the REAP will be based. Since the
emphasis of the REAP will be on inter-ecosystem interactions, for the purpose of com-
pleting the REAP, the data, aggregated indicators, and conclusions of the RG's will be
assumed to be correct and relevant, and no further analysis of the RG's data will be
undertaken.
Work Plan: Using the Resource Groups' aggregated indicators, the REAP research will
illustrate the type of statistical procedures and techniques (such as regression, cluster
analysis, correspondence analysis, etc.) that will be useful in analyzing the data. The
REAP research will also describe how to interpret — and demonstrate how to present
to the REAP's audience: (a) weight-of-evidence in associative analyses; (b) uncertainty
in statistical estimates of parameters; (c) its results in the context of the assessment
questions; and (d) spatial and temporal information using GIS and other techniques.
Deliverables/Milestones: Time Frame
• First Draft of REAP 9/92
• Final Draft of REAP 12/92
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Integration and Assessment Integration Activities
EMAP Program Document
Project Code: IA-92-005 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigator:
Daniel Vallero Kent Thornton
AREAL FTN Associates
919-541-0150 501/225-7779
Objectives: The EMAP Program Document provides a description of EMAP's key ob-
jectives and technical approaches for a general readership interested in the program,
but not necessarily in the technical details of EMAP's scientific components. This
document is designed to foster a better understanding of the current and future ele-
ments of EMAP. This is essential for a long-term program which utilizes cutting edge
science.
Another major audience is the scientific community, which requires greater detail on
the individual scientific initiatives and components of EMAP. Building from the Pro-
gram Document, EMAP will prepare a Technical Companion Document which pro-
vides the technical details of the EMAP design, indicators, monitoring approaches,
analyses, data/information, assessment techniques, and research direction of the re-
source and cross-cutting groups.
Work Plan: The Science Advisory Board (SAB) will review and recommend modifica-
tions, which will be incorporated in the Program Document The Program Document
will be finalized in 1992.
DfliveraMes/Milestones: Time Frame
• SAB Review and Consultation 12/91
• Finalize Program Document 3/92
• Final reviews and clearances 5-6/92
• Final Program Document available 6/92
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Integration and Assessment Integration Activities
EMAP Technical Companion
Project Code: IA-92-006 EPA Region(s): Alt
Period of Performance: 1992-1993 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigator:
Daniel Vallero Michael Dover
AREAL CADMUS Croup
919/541-0150 603/924-1610
Objectives: The EMAP Technical Companion Document is a document directed to
the information needs of the scientific community, which requires detail on the
individual scientific initiatives and components of EMAP. Organized in a format
parallel to the Program Document, the Technical Companion Document will provide
the technical details of the EMAP design, indicators, monitoring approaches, analyses,
data/information, assessment techniques, and research direction of the resource and
cross-cutting groups.
Work Plan: EMAP-I&A will prepare the Technical Companion Document, which will
be based upon individual task group research plans, program plans, and other
descriptive materials prepared by EMAP.
The companion document is expected to be reviewed by the SAB in 1993.
Deliverables/Milestones: Time Frame
• SAB Review and Consultation 12/91
• Design/Outline of Technical Companion Document 2/92
• Draft Technical Companion Document 8/92
• SAB Review of Technical Companion Document 3/93
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Integration and /Assessment Integration Activities
EMAP Glossary
Project Code: IA-92-007 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1992 onward State(s): All
Project Officer: Principal Investigators:
Daniel Vallero Bill Baillargeon
AREAL ManTech
919/541-0150 919/541-0259
Objectives: The purpose of the EMAP Glossary is to document and define the princi-
pal terms used within the program — to create a unified vocabulary with which to
discuss issues of environmental monitoring and assessment, rather than the babel of
multiple terms and multiple meanings which often afflicts discussion of these
subjects. The glossary is designed to ensure a common usage of these terms by EMAP
and other key ecological programs, especially the Risk Assessment Forum and the
Comparative Risk efforts by the Office of Policy and Program Evaluation, the Program
Offices, and the Regions.
Work Plan: In 1991, EMAP-I&A gathered terms and their applied definitions from a
wide range of ecological programs, aggregated them into a composite draft glossary,
and led an effort to reach consensus of accepted definitions of key terms. During
1992, the glossary will be finalized and peer reviewed, and will seek final clearances
within the Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory and EMAP.
DeKverables/Milestones: Time Frame
• Glossary (Version 2.0) Review 1/92
• Revised Glossary (Version 3.0) 9/92
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Section 5: Developmental Research
An active research program is essential to ensure that EMAP can respond and adapt
to new issues; capitalize on improved scientific understanding; and incorporate ad-
vances in methods development, data analysis, and reporting techniques, while si-
multaneously retaining continuity in the long-term data sets it develops. All major
groups within EMAP conduct research that is relevant to their specific resource or
coordination and integration responsibilities; this research is described in previous
sections. Additionally, EMAP has identified four major areas of research that are
cross-cutting and is currently establishing research programs for these areas: eco-
logical indicator development, environmental statistics, ecological risk characteri-
zation, and landscape ecology. These four areas cover a broad range of research, but
each area is an integral part of ORCXs Ecological Risk Assessment Program.
Briefly, Ecological Indicator Development is focusing on (1) the development of a
center for diagnosing marine fish diseases and (2) the development of conceptual
models and methodologies for biodiversity indicators, testing of relationships between
landscape indices and biodiversity measures, and the evaluation of the ap-
propriateness of tested indicators for fulfilling EMAP objectives. Environmental
Statistics will explore statistical research as it applies to the EMAP design (e.g.,
protocols for using found data, sampling methods for representing conditions in ex-
tensive resources), as well as spatial and temporal issues. Guidelines for performing
ecological risk assessments will be developed by Ecological Risk Characterization.
Landscape Ecology will investigate the landscape as a monitoring and reporting unit
and its feasibility as a mechanism for integrating measurements of indicators of
ecological condition with measurements of ecosystem characteristics. Specific re-
search projects are discussed in detail in this section.
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Ecological Indicator Development Developmental Research
Section 5.1: Ecological Indicator Development
Review and Development of Diagnostic Indicators for Marine Ecosystems
Project Code: IR-90-001 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1990-1992 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Robert Menzer Robert Menzer
ERL-Gulf Breeze ERL-GB
(904) 934-9200 (904) 934-9200
Objectives: Develop a center for diagnosing marine fish diseases that will provide
support for EPA research and regulatory programs. This center will provide guidance
for conducting routine marine toxicological and histopathological tests and provide
support for development of marine indicators to be used by EMAP.
Work Plan: A workshop was held in August 1989 to begin developing a strategy for
marine bioindicator research. The strategy resulting from this workshop will be used
as a nucleus for developing a long-term marine indicator research strategy for EPA's
Office of Research and Development. In concert with preparation of this long-term
strategy, a proposal for the diagnostic center to support the marine monitoring efforts
is being developed. Initial development of the diagnostic center will be through
cooperative agreements with recognized institutions; eventually the center will
acquire its own inhouse expertise. Annual reports will be produced on the use of the
diagnostic center in support of EMAP and other monitoring and research efforts
within EPA.
DeliveraUes/Milestones Time Frame
• Status report on the use of the Marine Fish Diagnostic 10/91
Center to support indicator development in EMAP-
Estuaries
• Proceedings of the Gulf Breeze symposium on marine 5/92
and estuarine disease research
• Status report on the use of the Marine Fish Diagnostic 10/92
Center to support indicator development in EMAP-
Estuaries
64
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Ecological Indicator Development Developmental Research
Biodiversity Indicators Research
Project Code: IR-9Q-002 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1990-1994 State(s): All
Project Officer Principal Investigators
Anthony R. Olsen Raymond Paul Adamus
ERL-Corvallis O'Connor ManTech
(503)754-4790 University of (503)754-4666
Maine
(207)581-2880
Objectives: The objectives of the Biodiversity Indicators Research pilot are to:
• develop conceptual models and methodologies for biodiversity
indicators, with emphasis on landscape-level indices for wildlife
diversity and composition;
• test the relationships between landscape metrics and diversity,
composition, and abundance through analysis of existing data bases
and literature;
• evaluate the appropriateness of tested indicators for fulfilling EMAP
objectives; and
• provide implementation guidelines.
Work Plan: Validation of relationships of environmental conditions and biodiversity.
research will be conducted through coordinated extramural and EPA in-house re-
search. Initial emphasis will be on developing and refining conceptual models for
relating compositional biodiversity to landscape-level indices. Research is to be
based on a review of scientific literature and existing data bases for information on
population and community response to measurable landscape patterns. Landscapes
for further study and evaluation will be identified and prioritized, based primarily on
the amount and quality of existing information.
Northeast biodiversity indicators research: This research effort will examine
landscape cover pattern and landscape pattern diversity in relation to bird diversity.
The project will acquire EMAP landscape characterization data to form landscape
pattern indices, acquire existing annual Breeding Bird Survey data to form bird
diversity indices, and analyze the spatial and temporal relationships among landscape
and community level biodiversity indices. Initial effort will focus on the New England
region where efforts will be coordinated with EMAP-Forests, EMAP-Surface Waters,
and EMAP Landscape Characterization biodiversity studies.
65
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Ecological Indicator Development Developmental Research
Deliverabies/Milfstones Timeframe
• Index of community structure and integrity for 6/92
aquatic birds in New England (report)
• Extant data and guild analysis of New England bird 12/92
diversity (report)
• Dynamical aspects of biodiversity and environment 5/94
relations (report)
Value / Indicators Research
Project Code: IR-92-001 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1992-93 State(s): NA
Project Officer: Principal Investigator:
Daniel Vallero Eric Hyatt
AREAL AREAl/EERD - EMAP I&A
(919)541-0150 (919)541-0673
Objectives: To provide research which will bring rigorous science to the portion of
EMAP's indicator paradigm which lacks it the most — i.e., the selection of appropri-
ate values, and thereafter the identification of assessment endpoints linked to those
values, through scientifically valid and appropriate means - which drive the selection
of the most appropriate ecological indicators linked to those assessment endpoints.
EMAP's need to be scientifically relevant to decision-makers and the public demands
the selection of scientifically valid indicators which will ultimately allow EMAP,
through its assessment process, to provide meaningful scientific information which
can be linked to things deemed important to society.
Work Plan: The development of a "white paper" which addresses the role of eco-
nomics in EMAP will be a first step in validating the objectives of this project. Many
hybrid, cutting edge techniques can be developed through the linkage of tools and
methodologies which are currently being used both social and natural scientists to
exploit methods to meet this need. Mentors are already being identified which can
contribute the most to this research, and much thought is already occurring in the
academic community about how to fuse sciences to help resolve the previously de-
scribed and associated problems. Successful research in this area will be a major
coup for assessment science in general, and EMAP in particular.
Deliverables/Milestones: Time Frame:
• Draft Request for Proposals 6/92
• Interim Final EMAP/Economics White Paper 9/92
66
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Environmental Statistics Developmental Research
Section 5.2: Environmental Statistics
Statistical Research on Sampling Designs for Ecological Resources
Project Code: ST-90-001 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1990-1993 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Anthony R. Olsen Scott Overton
ERL-Corvallis Oregon State University
(503) 754-4790 (503) 737-3366
Objectives: Design and evaluate a national probability-based monitoring design and
estimation framework, including provisions for collecting current status and trends
data on ecological resource populations.
Work Plan: Initial research prior to FY 1992 resulted in the development of the EMAP
sampling design conceptual framework. Subsequent tasks will address the develop-
ment of design-based estimation procedures for status estimation of ecological condi-
tion. The systematic grid structure for EMAP requires the development of new statisti-
cal procedures that addresses the spatial aspects of the sampling design. These pro-
cedures will be developed for finite populations of discrete resources and infinite
populations of continuous resources. The research will use demonstration study field
data to ensure that the techniques are appropriate to EMAP.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Probability sampling and population inference in monitoring 2/93
programs
• Improvement of performance of variable probability sampling 7/93
strategies
67
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Environmental Statistics Developmental Research
Research on Temporal Statistical Issues
Project Code: ST-90-002 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1990-1992 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Anthony R. Olsen Donald L. Stevens, Jr.
ERL-Corvallis ManTech
(503) 754-4790 (503) 754-4542
N. Scott Urquhart
Oregon State University
(503) 737-3366
Objectives: Conduct research on statistical estimation procedures for trend detection
and estimation that are applicable to ecological sampling designs over time.
Work Plan: The EMAP sampling design framework specifies a spatial interpenetrating
design for sampling over time. Research on the comparative statistical properties (for
status estimation and trend detection) of the interpenetrating design to alternative
designs will be completed. A follow-on task will develop procedures for conducting
trend detection power analyses. Part of the task will be to hold a workshop to
establish the framework for the power analysis study. Subsequent tasks will
emphasize research on the development of trend detection and estimation
procedures for regional trends in ecological resource populations. It is estimated that
specific tasks on spatial-temporal modeling will be initiated.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Comparison of Sampling Designs for Ecological Monitoring 11/91
• Workshop on Trend Detection Power Analysis Framework 9/92
• Report on Trend Detection Power Analysis Framework 3/93
• Report on Regional Trend Detection and Estimation 5/95
Procedures
68
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Environmental Statistics Developmental Research
Research on Spatial Statistical Issues
Project Code: ST-90-003 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1990-1992 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigator
Anthony R. Olsen Scott Overton
ERL-Corvallis Oregon State University
(503) 754-4790 (503) 737-3366
Objectives: Conduct research on incorporation of spatial statistics into the statistical
analysis of current status estimation.
Work Plan:The primary task is to initiate the spatial statistics project and to identify
the spatial statistical issues that must be addressed to improve status estimation proce-
dures given the EMAP sampling design. A workshop will be held on the application
of spatial statistics to environmental monitoring survey data. An outcome of the
workshop will be a strategy that establishes research requirements and priorities. This
strategy will identify. (1) the methods to be developed for incorporating spatial pattern
information into population estimates generated from the EMAP sampling frame to
improve estimation of ecological condition; and (2) issues for integrating spatial statis-
tics and geographic information systems algorithms.
Deliverables/MUfstones Time Frame
• Explanatory models for ecological response surfaces (article) 2/93
• Workshop on Spatial Statistics in Ecological Monitoring 5/93
69
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Environmental Statistics Developmental Research
Statistical Graphics and Visualization Research
Project Code: ST-92 001 EPA Region(s): NA
Period of Performance: 1992-1997 State(s): NA
Project Officer Principal Investigators:
Anthony R. Olsen Daniel B. Carr
ERL-C George Mason University
(503)754-4790 {703)993-1671
James Thomas
Battelle / Pacific Northwest Labs
(509)375-2210
Objectives: Develop statistical graphics and visualization techniques for the analysis
and presentation of ecological monitoring information.
Work Plan: Development of statistical graphics and visualization techniques is an
essential task in the statistical analysis and subsequent presentation of ecological
monitoring information. An initial task is the development of quantitative display
techniques in the form of hexagon mosiac maps for the display of geographic data
over large regional areas. Central to EMAP is the effective presentation of ecological
condition estimates in Annual Statistical Summaries. A task will be conducted to
develop guidelines for statistical graphics and data presentation in these reports. An
investigation of statistical (scientific) visualization techniques will demonstrate how
effective the techniques are for communicating EMAP sample design concepts and
for the statistical analysis of EMAP data. This investigation will lead to a video that
explains the EMAP sampling design. Subsequent tasks will investigate specific
graphical and visualization techniques using EMAP data and will result in the
development of algorithms for general use within EMAP.
Deliverables/Milestones Time Frame
• Hexagonal Mosaic Maps for Display of Geographic Data 6/92
• Guidelines for Statistical Graphics and Data Presentation in 6/93
Annual Statistical Summaries
70
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Integration and Assessment Developmental Research
Section 5.3: Integration and Assessment
Pilot Indices Document for EMAP
Project Code: AR-92-003 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1992-93 State(s): All
Project Officer: Principal Investigator
Eric Hyatt William Warren-Hicks
AREAL The Cadmus Group, Inc.
(919)541-0673 (919)544-6639
Objectives: Development of multi-metric environmental indices and summary out-
puts is an important component of the assessment strategy. Indices provide one so-
lution to the dilemma of communicating complex information on the status of eco-
logical resources to decision-makers. Indices reduce data from multiple, often highly
diverse variables, into single quantities. In this manner, complex information can be
more easily conveyed to, and interpreted by, non-scientists. The development of
methods to integrate and effectively communicate the results of environmental survey
data, which are consistent in their approach and application, are important to all
aspects of the EMAP program.
Work Plan: This project will solicit input from a panel of nationally-recognized
scholars with experience in ecosystem assessment, data analysis, statistics, and
economics, as well as key EMAP scientists, to develop and assess appropriate
methods for index construction within EMAP. The project will develop and test
candidate indices using actual environmental survey data, and will prepare an
externally peer-reviewed report which will address, at a minimum: 1) assessment of
various types of index construction methods with respect to EMAP assessment goals;
these index types may include classical index construction methods, and statistical
methods such as regression analysis or multivariate statistical models, et al, 2)
assessment of methods to incorporate uncertainty in index construction and decision-
making at regional and national levels, 3) assessment of methods to generate
measures of human use/human values, and 4) assessment of methods for linking
measurement of human values with biological measurements.
Deliverables/Milestones: Time Frame:
Draft Pilot Indices Document for EMAP 6/93
Final Pilot Indices Document for EMAP 1/94
(This product had to postponed as an expected deliverable
for FY92 due to lack of funding availability.)
71
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Ecological Risk Characterization Developmental Research
Section 5.4: Ecological Risk Characterization
Ecological Risk Assessment — Guidelines Development
Project Code: RC-92-001 EPA Region(s): All
Period of Performance: 1992-93 State(s): All
Project Officer: Principal Investigator
William H. van der Schalie Daniel Vallero
Risk Assessment Forum AREAl^EERD
(202)260-6743 (919)541-0150
Eric Hyatt
AREAiyEERD
(919)541-0673
Objectives: Coordination between EMAP and the Risk Assessment Forum's ecological
risk assessment guidelines program is important for both activities. This project will
facilitate EMAPs input into the development of Agency-wide ecological risk assess-
ment guidelines.
Work Plan: EMAP personnel will contribute technical expertise and an EMAP per-
spective to:
1) Case studies that illustrate the relationship between EMAP and the
Risk Assessment Forum's framework for ecological risk assessment;
and
2) A series of issue papers that will address critical areas of ecological
risk assessment.
These activities will provide the scientific and technical basis for the subsequent de-
velopment of ecological risk assessment guidelines.
Deliverables/Milestones: Time Frame:
• Case Studies Workshops 9/92
• Issue Paper Organizational Meeting 10/92
• Case STudy REport 3/93
• Issuie Paper Workshops 9/93
• Issue Paper Reports 12/93
72
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Index
Index
Regions and States
Listed below are those pages on which Projects are described with specific impacts
on one or more States or EPA Regions.
Regions
Region 1 15,16,20,23,25
Region 2 15,16,20,24,25
Region 3 15,16, 17, 20, 23, 24, 25
Region 4 8, 10,15, 16,17, 22, 23, 27
Region 5 24, 27
Region 6 12,14,22,27
Regions 11,12,14,16,18
Region 9 12,13,14
Region 10 16,18
All Regions All, 8, 20, 26, 30, 31, 44,45, 46, 54,
56, 57, 58,59, 60, 61, 62, 64, 71, 72
States
AL (Alabama) 15,16, 17, 22, 27
AZ (Arizona) 12,13,14
CA (California) 16,18
CO (Colorado) 11,12, 14,16, 18
CT (Connecticut) 15,16, 20, 25
DE (Delaware) 15,16, 20, 25
FL (Florida) 22, 23, 28
CA (Georgia) 15,16,17,23
IA (Iowa) 27
IL (Illinois) 24
IN (Indiana) 24
LA (Louisiana) 22, 27
MA (Massachusetts) 15,16, 20, 25
MD (Maryland) 15,16, 20, 25
ME (Maine) 15,16,25
Ml (Michigan) 24
MN (Minnesota) 24, 27
MS (Mississippi) 22, 27
73
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Index
NB (Nebraska) 27
NC (North Carolina) 8, 10, 17, 23
ND (North Dakota) 27
NH (New Hampshire) 15, 16, 25
NJ (New Jersey) 15, 16, 20, 25
NM (New Mexico) 12,14
NY (New York) 20, 24, 25
OH (Ohio) 24
PA (Pennsylvania) 20, 24, 25
Rl (Rhode bland) 15, 16, 20, 25
SC (South Carolina) 17, 23
SD (South Dakota) 27
TN (Tennessee) 17
TX (Texas) 22, 27
UT(Utah) 11,12,14
VA (Virginia) 15, 16, 17, 20, 23, 25
VT (Vermont) 15,16,25
Wl (Wisconsin) 24
VW (West Virginia) 25
All States 8, 20, 26, 30, 31, 44,45, 46, 54, 56,
57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 64, 65,71, 72
74
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Index
EMAP Project Officers
Page numbers are for Projects for which the people listed below are EPA Project
Officers.
Samuel Alexander 16,17
Craig Barber 34
Ralph Baumgardner 17
Jayne Belnap 11
Tom Dixon 38, 39
Tom Edwards 11
Carol Finch 38, 39
Steve Greenfield 48, 50, 51, 53
Walter Heck 8,9,10
Steven F. Hedtke 24
Daniel Heggem 16, 17,18, 36
David Holland 44
Steve Holzhey 11
Eric Hyatt 57, 71
Bruce Jones 45, 46
BillKepner 11,12,13,14
Linda Kirkland 37
Richard W. Latimer 20
Daniel McKenzie 35, 55
Robert Menzer 64
Anthony R. Oken 30, 31, 32, 33, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70
Craig Palmer 16,18
John F. Paul 23
Steve Paulsen 25, 26
Spence Peterson 17
AnnPitchford 8,9,10,11
Miriam Rodon-Naveira 41
Steven C Schimmel 21
Denice Shaw 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53
Bob Shepanek 48, 53
Robert E. Smith 11
Kevin Summers 22
Daniel Vallero 54, 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 66
William van der Schalie 72
Terry Woosley 11
Mon S. Yee 11
75
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Index
EMAP Principal Investigators
Page numbers are for Projects for which the people listed below are identified as
Principal Investigators.
Samuel Alexander 15
Barbara Bailar 33
Bill Baillargeon 60
Ralph Baumgardner 15
Charles Berry 51
Paul Brands 55
Bob Breckenridge 11
Gerald Byers 16
Lee Campbell 8,9,10
Dean Carpenter 58
Daniel B. Carr 70
David Cassell 17
Jon Clark 49
Steve Cline 17
Barbara Conkling 16
Sheila David 55
Jeff K. Donovan 52
Michael Dover 59
Carol Finch 38, 39
John Flueck 32
Carl Fox 11
Tim Haas 44
Walter Heck 8,9,10
Steven F. Hedtke 24
Daniel T. Heggem 36
Eric Hyatt 35, 66, 72
Bill Kepner 11
Linda Kirkland 37
Robert Kucera 17
Richard W. Latimer 20
Steve Leonard 11
Charles LifF 49
Robert Menzer 64
David Mouat 11,12,13,14
76
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Index
Raymond O'Connor 65
Anthony R. Oken 31
Terry Oroessler 17
Scott Overton 67, 69
Craig Palmer 18
Steve Paulsen 26
David Policansky 55
Tom Reinsch 11
KurtRitters 15
Andrew Robertson 23
Gary Saul 57
Steven C. Schimmel 21
Denice Shaw 45,46
Rod Slagel 53
Elizabeth Smith 17
George Staidl 11
Donald L. Stevens, Jr. 30, 68
John Stoddard 25
Kevin Summers 22
Don Strebd 48
James Thomas 50, 70
Kent Thornton 56, 60
RobTidwell 18
N. Scott Urquhart 68
Daniel Vallero 54, 72
William Warren-Hicks 71
Joanne Wyman 56
77
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Index
EMAP Participating Institutions
Page numbers are where the public or private institutions listed below are identified
as participants in EMAP Projects.
American Management Systems 56
AREAL 15, 17, 35, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61,
62, 66, 71, 72
ASA 33
Battelle / Pacific Northwest Labs 50, 70
Bureau of Land Management 11
CADMUS Group 60
Computer Sciences Corp. 49, 51
Desert Research Institute 11, 12, 13,14
EMSL-Las Vegas 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18,
36,48,49,50,51,52,53
Environmental Research Center-UNLV 26, 32, 49
EPIC 45,46
ERL-Athens 34
ERL-Corvallb 17, 25, 26, 27, 30, 31, 32, 33, 35, 55,
65, 67, 68, 69
ERL-Duluth 24
ERL-Gulf Breeze 22,62
ERL-Narragansett 20, 21, 23
Fish & Wildlife Service 11
FTN Associates 56, 58, 60
George Mason University 70
Idaho National Engineering Lab 11
Lockheed Engineering 16, 18, 52, 53
ManTech 15, 17, 25, 27, 30, 59, 62, 65, 68
National Park Service 11
National Research Council 55
NOAA/National Ocean Survey 23
North Carolina State University 8, 9,10
Oregon State University 67, 68, 69
Risk Assessment Forum 72
Soil Conservation Service 11
The Cadmus Group, Inc. 57, 71
University of Maine 65
University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee 44
USDA-ARS 9, 10
VERSAR, Inc. 48
78
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Dflivtrablfs and Milestones Appendix
Appendix
AD-90-003 Study to Determine Optimum Status and Trends Network
• Report describing design of "status" network 12/92
AG-91-002 Development and Evaluation of Additional Indicators for
Agroecosystems
• Report on soil nematodes as a monitor of soil quality 9/92
• Status report on agroecosystem indicator research 4/93
AG-91-003 Identification and Evaluation of Existing Databases.
• Critical evaluation of existing agricultural databases for 12/92
applicability to EMAP mopnitoring needs
AG-91-004 Development of Cross-Resource Linkages
• Internal report on agroecosystem indicators relevant to cross- 12/92
resource monitoring
AG-91 -005 Development and Peer Review of 1992 Agroecosystem
Pilot Project Plan
• Draft pilot monitoring plan, peer reviewed 4/92
• Pre-test the protocol 5,7/92
• Monitoring the conditions of agroecosystems article 4/92
• Sustainable agriculture - proceedings 6/92
• Comparison of periodic survey designs - report 7/92
• Collect data and analyze samples 6/92,
11/92,
1-3/93
• Enumerator's manual report 9/92
• Pilot statistical summary and report -draft 6/93
Appendix -1
-------
Appendix Deliverable* and Milestones
AL-92-001 Colorado Plateau Pilot
• Implementation Plan 6/92
• Operations Plan 6/92
• Quality Assurance Plan 6/92
• Field Activities Initiated 6/92
• Field Activities Completed 8/92
• Draft Report - Results 6/93
• Final Report - Results 9/93
AL-92-002 Dry Lands Risk Index Assessment
• Draft Report 9/92
• Final Peer Review Report 12/92
AL-92-003 San Pedro River Classification Study
• Draft Report 3/92
• Final Peer Review Report 7/92
AL-92-004 Colorado Plateau Classification Study
• Draft Report 12/92
• Final Peer Review Report 3/93
AR-92-001 Pilot Indices Document for EMAP
• Pilot Indices Document for EMAP NA
(This product had to terminated as an expected deliverable for
FY92 due to lack of funding availability).
ES-92-001 Estuarine Monitoring Implementation
• Design workshop to review EMAP-Estuaries 4/92
• Workshop to review EMAP-Estuaries Indicators 11/92
• Recommendations for national-scale Implementation of EMAP 12/92
in estuaries
Appendix -2
-------
Deliverable* and Milestones Appendix
ES-92-002 Virginian Province Monitoring Project
• Report on the 1991 field activities in the Virginian Province 12/91
• Implementation Plan for Virginian Province Monitoring in 5/92
1992
• Updated QA plan, province-specific methods, field operations, 5/92
and training manuals for Virginian Province 1992 activities
• Final report on the 1990 Demonstration Project 6/92
• Annual Statistical Summary for data collected in 1991 in the 9/92
Virginian Province
• Report on the 1992 field activities in the Virginian Province 12/92
• Annual Statistical Summary for the data collected in 1992 in 6/93
the Virginian Province
ES-92-003 Louisianian Province Monitoring Project
• Report on the 1991 Louisianian Province Field Activities 12/91
• Implementation Plan for FY92 Louisianian Province Field 5/92
Activities
• Updated QA Plan, province specific methods manuals, field 5/92
operations, and training manuals for 1992 Louisianian
Province Activities
• Annual Statistical Summary for 1991 Louisianian Province 6/92
Activities
• Finial Report on the 1991 Louisianian Province 9/92
Demonstration Project
• Report on the 1992 Louisianian Province Field Activities 12/92
• Annual Statistical Summary for 1992 Louisianian Province 6/93
Activities
ES-91-004 Carolinian Province Demonstration Project
• Draft plan for conducting the Carolinian Province 10/92
Demonstration
• Indicator testing and evaluation initiated 6/93
• Implementation plan for the Carolinian Province 2/94
Demonstration Project
• Final program plan for the Carolinian Province Demonstration 3/94
Project
• Initiation of Carolinian Province field sampling 6/94
• Preliminary report on the Carolinian Province Demonstration 2/95
Project
• Final report on the Carolinian Demonstration Project 10/95
FR-91-005 Annual Statistical Summary Reports
• Annual Statistical Summary for 1991 8/92
• Annual Statistical Summary for 1992 6/93
Appendix -3
-------
Appendix Deliverables and Milestones
FR-92-001 Forest Health Monitoring Implementation Plan Support
• Activities Plan 7/92
• Quality Assurance Project Plan 5/92
• Field Methods Guide 5/92
FR-92-002 Regional Demonstrations of Forest Health Monitoring
Approaches
• Report on Results of the 1991 Geogia Pi lot 10/92
• Activities Plan 7/92
• Field Methods Guide 5/92
• Quality Assurance Project Plan 5/92
• Handbook of Laboratory Methods 5/92
• Southeast Regional Demonstration Statistical Summary 6/93
• Southeast Regional Demonstration Report 7/93
• SAMAB Demonstration Report 8/93
FR-92-003 Forest Health Monitoring Western Pilot Study
• Activities Plan 7/92
• Field Methods Guide 5/92
• Quality Assurance Project Plan 5/92
• Handbook of Laboratory Methods 5/92
• Western Pilot Report 11/93
GL-91-001 Great Lakes Demonstration Project
• Final Program Plan for implementing EMAP in the Great 3/92
Lakes
• Plans for 1992 EMAP-Great Lakes Pilot in Lake Michigan 6/92
• Summary of 1992 EMAP-Great Lakes Pilot in Lake Michigan 12/92
• Plans for 1993 EMAP-Great Lakes Activities 5/93
IA-90-003 Science Advisory Board Review of EMAP
• Program-wide EMAP Briefing of SAB 3/91
• Formal SAB Report 7/91
• Response to Formal Report/SAB Review of Revised Program 12/91
Document and Consultation
• Formal SAB Report 5/92
• Finalize Program Document/Response to Formal Report 6/92
• SAB Review and Consultation 9/92
Appendix -4
-------
Deliverable* and Milestones Appendix
IA-91 -001 National Academy of Sciences Review of EMAP
• First Report on overall Plan for EMAP 6/92
• Second Report on Indicators, Surface Waters, Estuaries, and 3/93
Forests
• Third Report: A Comprehensive Review 3/94
IA-92-001 EMAP Implementation Plan
• Guidance package to EMAP components 3/92
• First Draft of Implementation Plan 7/92
• Final Implementation Plan 11/92
IA-92-002 Development of EMAP Client/Communications Strategy
• Executive Summary of Communications Strategy 8/92
• Draft Client Communication Strategy 8/92
• Final Client Communications Strategy 10/92
IA-92-003 Draft Assessment Framework
• Draft to SAB for Constructive Comment 12/91
• Reviewable Draft Framework 9/92
IA-92-004 Regional Ecosystem Assessment Prototype (REAP)
• First Draft of REAP 9/92
• Final Draft of REAP 12/92
IA-92-005 EMAP Program Document
• SAB Review and Consultation 12/91
• Finalize Program Document 3/92
• Final reviews and clearances 5-6/92
• Final Program Document available 8/92
IA-92-006 EMAP Technical Companion Document
• SAB Review and Consultation 12/91
• Design/Outline of Technical Companion Document 2/92
• Draft Technical Companion Document 8/92
• SAB Review of Technical Companion Document 3/93
IA-92-007 EMAP Glossary
• Glossary (Version 2.0) Review 1/92
• Revised Glossary (Version 3.0) 9/92
Appendix -5
-------
Appendix Deliverable* and Milestone}
IM-92-001 EMAP Information Management Dictionary Catalog
Directory (DCD)
• Compile inventory data sets 9/92
• Common DCD core structure 7/92
• Policy for data set descriptions 9/92
• Directory — version 1.0 9/92
• Directory evaluation 11/92
• Directory — version 2.0 3/93
IM-92-002 Proof of Concept
• Draft POC plan 4/92
• Final POC plan 6/92
• Hardware Software Procurement 7/92
• Joint Application Design Session 7/92
• Design Documentation Development 11/92
• Initial Implementation 1/93
• Implementation Evaluation 6/93
IM-92-003 Strategic Plan
• Strategic Plan - Draft 1 11/91
• Strategic Plan - Version 1.0 4/92
• Strategic Plan - Version 1.5 6/92
• Strategic Plan - Version 1.6 7/92
• Peer Review 8/92
• Strategic Plan - Version 2.0 9/92
1M-92-004 Life Cyde Documentation
• Draft Mission Needs Analysis 7/91
• Draft ADP Requirements 4/91
• Complete Mission Needs Analysis 12/92
• Complete ADP Requirements 11/92
• Entity Relationship Report 8/92
IM-92-005 CIS Infrastructure Development
• EMAP CIS Spatial Data Management Plan 7/93
• EMAP CIS Resource Manaual (updates & revisions) on-going
• EMAP CIS Interface (Version 2.0) 11/92
Appendix -6
-------
DtHvrrablet and Milestone* Appendix
IM-92-006 Standards Development Plan
• Draft Standard Development Plan 7/92
• Baseline of current agency Standards 8/92
• Test Approval Process 9/92
• Completed Standards Development Plan 2/93
IN-90-001 Research Strategy for Developing Indicators of Ecological
Condition
• Literature review of ecological indicators 3/93
• Documented database of indicators being considered by EMAP 3/93
Resouce Croups
• Report on available conceptual and mathematical models that 12/92
could be used as frameworks for EMAP indicator
development and interpretation
• Workshop on EMAP indicator development 3/93
IN-90-002 International Symposium on Ecological Indicators
• International Symposium on Ecological Indicators 10/90
• Proceedings of the International Symposium on Ecological In Press
Indicators
IR-90-001 Review and Development of Diagnostic Indicators for
Marine Ecosystems
• Status report on the use of the Marine Fish Diagnostic Center 10/91
to support indicator development in EMAP-Estuaries
• Proceedings of the Gulf Breeze symposium on marine and 5/92
estuarine disease research
• Status report on the use of the Marine Fish Diagnostic Center 10/92
to support indicator development in EMAP-Estuaries
IR-90-002 Biodiversity Indicators Research
• Index of community structure and integrity for aquatic birds in 6/92
New England (report)
• Extant data and guild analysis of New England bird diversity 12/92
(report)
• Dynamical aspects of biodiversity and environment relations 5/94
(report)
IR-92-001 Value / Indicators Research
• Draft Request for Proposals 6/92
• Interim Final EMAP/Economics White Paper 9/92
Appendix -7
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Appendix Deliverable* and Milestones
IT-90-001 EMAP International Activities
• International Plan for EMAP 11/92
• Monitoring Plan for the Caribbean 1/93
LC-90-001 Sampling Frame Development for Ecological Resource
Monitoring
• Wetlands Frame materials for Gulf Coast Estuarine Emergents 10/91
• Lake Frame Completed 11/91
• National Forum on Land Cover Classification and Mapping 3/92
• Wetlands Sampling Pilot Report 6/92
• CIS Methods for Reclassifying Wetland Maps (technical paper) 5/92
• Provisional EMAP Classification System 9/92
• Provisional Interagency classification system (technical paper) 12/92
• Aquatic sampling frame (investigation report) 9/93
LC-90-002 Development of the Landscape Characterization Pilot Sites
Network
• Oak Ridge Simulation Pilot -(Journal Article) 7/92
• San Pedro Arid Lands Pilot Report 8/92
• Chesapeake Bay Project Report 12/92
• Georgia Pilot Project Report 12/92
LG-90-001 Logistics Program Planning for EMAP
• Six-year options and alternatives for EMAP logistics 11/91
• Revise EMAP logistics guidance document 8/92
RC-92-001 Ecological Risk Assessment — Guidelines Development
• Case Studies Workshops 9/92
• Issue Paper Organizational Meeting 10/92
• Case Study Report 3/93
• Issuie Paper Workshops 9/93
• Issue Paper Reports 12/93
SD-90-001 Development and Improvement of the EMAP Sampling
Design Framework
• *EMAP Sampling Design* (journal article) 7/92
• Report on Status Estimation: Procedures and Algorithms 2/93
• Report on Ecological Resource Extent Estimation 12/93
Appendix -8
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Delivtrablfs and Milestones Appendix
SD-90-002 Coordination of EMAP Sampling Design Implementation
• Workshop on Sampling Design Implementation 9/92
SD-91-003 Investigation of Statistical Issues in EMAP Quality
Assurance
• Report on Quality Improvement Procedures for Ecological 5/93
Monitoring
SD-91-004 American Statistical Association Review of EMAP Statistics
and Design Activities
• ASA review of EMAP Statistics and Design 11/91
ST-90-001 Statistical Research on Sampling Designs for Ecological
Resources
• Probability sampling and population inference in monitoring 2/93
programs
• Improvement of performance of variable probability sampling 7/93
strategies
ST-90-002 Research on Temporal Statistical Issues
• Comparison of Sampling Designs for Ecological Monitoring 11/91
• Workshop on Trend Detection Power Analysis Framework 9/92
• Report on Trend Detection Power Analysis Framework 3/93
• Report on Regional Trend Detection and Estimation 5/95
Procedures
ST-90-003 Research on Spatial Statistical Issues
• Explanatory models for ecological response surfaces (article) 2/93
• Workshop on Spatial Statistics in Ecological Monitoring 5/93
ST-92-001 Statistical Graphics and Visualization Research
• Hexagonal Mosaic Maps for Display of Geographic Data 6/92
• Guidelines for Statistical Graphics and Data Presentation in 6/93
Annual Statistical Summaries
SW-90-001 Assessment of Changes in Surface Water Chemistry
• 'Regional Trend Detection for Surface Water Chemistry 3/93
Associated with Acidic Deposition* (Journal Article)
• 'Surface Water Classification for Monitoring Effects of Acidic 3/93
Deposition* (Journal Article)
Appendix -9
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Appendix Deliverable* and Milestones
• "Association of Found Sites with Regional Populations" 3/93
(journal Article)
SW-90-003 Design and Implementation of Surface Water Monitoring
• Report of the 1991 Lake Pilot 9/92
• Demonstration Report for Northeast Lakes 9/93
TQ-90-001 Quality Assurance and Quality Control Program Planning
for EMAP
• Quality Assurance Annual Report and Work Plan 9/92
• EMAP Quality Assurance Program Plan 9/93
TT-90-001 Development of EMAP Program-Level Informational
Materials
• EMAP News Monthly
• EMAP Project Description Document 8/92
• EMAP Monitor 3/92; 8/92
TT-90-002 Development of Policies and Procedures for EMAP
Communications
• Administrative Manual 12/92
• Final Ten-Year Technology Transfer Plan 12/92
WL-90-001 Development of Monitoring Strategies for Wetlands
• Journal Article: Evaluation of EMAP indicators in describing 11/91
response of vegetation in northern prairie wetlands to
flooding
• Report: Project plan for the pilot study in the Prairie Pothole 4/92
region
• Journal Article: Comparison of EMAP Sampling Frame to 8/92
National Wetland Inventory Data for Illinois, Washington,
and the Prairie Pothole Region
• Report: Evaluation of the EMAP Design and Wetlands Class- 9/92
ification for Wetlands in Illinois, Washington, and the
Prairie Pothole Region
• Report: Summary of Data Analysis and Evaluation of Indicators 10/92
and Measurement Techniques from Louisiana Salt Marsh
Pilot Study
Appendix -10
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