United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of
Emergency and
Remedial Response
EPA/ROD/R02-87/048
September 1987
&EPA Superfund
Record of Decision:
Endicott Well Field, NY
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverie before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA/ROD/R02-87/048
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
4. TITLE ANO SUBTITLE
SUPERFUND RECORD OF DECISION
Endicott Village Well Field, NY
First Remedial Action
5. REPORT DATE
September 25, 1987
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME ANO ADDRESS
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME ANO ADDRESS
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
13. TYPE OF REPORT ANO PERIOD COVERED
Final ROD Report
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
800/00
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
The Endicott Village Well Field site is located in Endicott Village, Broome County,
New York. The,site.consists of a Ranney well and its zone of influence on area ground
water. Landfills and industrial tracts of land are located to the northwest and west of
the study area including the Endicott Landfill, identified as the probable source of
contamination. In the 1950s the Ranney Well Collector Corporation developed the well
comprising the site for use by the Village of Endicott. After a May 1981 chemical spill
nearby, the well was sampled and found to contain vinyl chloride and trace amounts of
other VOCs. Remedial actions undertaken by the Endicott Public Works Department
included sampling and eventual closing of radial discharges from the Ranney well.
Additionally, an aeration system was installed in the well to reduce vinyl chloride
levels. Subsequent actions undertaken included the installation of monitoring wells and
a purge well between the Ranney well and the Endicott Landfill. Further studies are
currently being conducted to determine the source of contamination and to develop final
aquifer restoration alternatives. The studies will be addressed in a subsequent Record
of Decision. The primary contaminants of concern include: vinyl chloride and other VOCs
The selected remedial action for this operable unit includes: installation and
operation of an air stripping system to remove VOCs and vinyl chloride from the Ranney
(See-Attached Sheet)
17.
KEY WORDS ANO DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lOENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATI Field/Croup
Record of Decision
Endicott Village Well Field, NY
First Remedial Action
Contaminated Media: gw
Key contaminants: VOCs, vinyl chloride
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EPA Form 2220.1 (R«*. 4-77)
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EPA/ROD/R02-87/048
Endicott Village Well Feild, NY
First Remedial Action
16. ABSTRACT (continued)
well; continued operation of the purge well located between the Ranney well and the
Endicott Landfill; and continued monitoring of the Ranney well to detect the presence of
vinyl chloride and other VOCs. The- estimated capital cost for this remedial action is
$1,200,000 with annual O&M of $147,000.
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DECLARATION FOR THE RECORD OF DECISION
SITE NAME AND LOCATION
Endicott Village Well Field, Village of Endicott, Broome County,
New York
STATEMENT OF PURPOSE
This decision document represents the selected remedial action
for the Endicott Village Well Field site, developed in accordance
with the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act of 1980, 42 USC §9601, et seq., as amended by
the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, and
to the extent practicable, the National Oil and Hazardous
Substances Pollution Contingency Plan, 40 CFR Part 300,
November 20, 1985.
STATEMENT OF BASIS
This decision is based on the administrative record for the
Endicott Village Well Field site. A copy of the record is
available for review at the information repository for the site
and at the regional office. The following documents, which are
part of the administrative record, were primarily relied upon
in making this decision:
<^
- Remedial Investigation Report, Endicott Well Field Site,
prepared by Gcldberg, Zoino, & Associates, July 1987
- Feasibility Study Report, Endicott Well Field Site, prepared
by TAMS Consultants, Inc., July 1987
- The attached Summary of Remedial Alternative Selection for
the Endicott Village Well Field site
- The attached Responsiveness Summary for the site, which
incorporates public comments received
- Staff summaries and recommendations
DESCRIPTION OF SELECTED REMEDY
This Record of Decision (ROD) for the Endicott Village Well. Field
site calls for the following actions, which address public water
supply. A second operable unit Remedial Investigation/Feasibility
Study (RI/FS) is now underway to'investigate source control
measures and aquifer restoration.
o A new water treatment facility will be installed near the
existing Ranney Well. This system will be designed to treat
the demonstrated current use of the Ranney Well,
approximately 3700 gallons per minute (gpm). Treatment
processes will include air stripping and disinfection.
Treated water will be discharged to the Village of Endicott
Municipal Water System distribution system, to be used for
drinking water by the community.
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o An existing purge well located on the Enjoie Golf Course
will continue to be operated. This purge well is situated
between the Ranney Well and the suspected source of
contamination, the Endicott Landfill.
o A monitoring program designed to detect the presence of
volatile organic compounds in Ranney Well water will be
continued, to ensure protection of human health.
DECLARATIONS
The selected remedy is protective of human health and the
environment, attains Federal and State requirements that are
applicable or relevant and appropriate and is cost effective.
This remedy satisfies the preference for treatment that reduces
the toxicity, mobility, or volume of hazardous substances,
pollutants, or contaminants as a principal element. Finally,
it i*s determined that this remedy utilizes permanent solutions
and alternative treatment to the maximum extent practicable.
The action will require future operation and maintenance
activities to ensure the continued effectiveness of the remedy.
The start-up activities, which will ensure the operational
effectiveness of the design, will be considered part of the
approved remedial action and eligible for Superfund monies
for a period of up to one year. The remainder of-the activities
are considered operation and maintenance and are therefore
the responsibility of New York State.
The State of New York has been consulted and agrees with the
approved remedy (see attached letter).
I have also determined that the action being taken will be
appropriate when balanced against the future availability of
Trust Fund monies for use at other sites.
Date / . Christophers. Darfcjett
Regional Administrator
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SUMMARY OF THE REMEDIAL ALTERNATIVE SELECTION
ENDICOTT VILLAGE WELL FIELD
NEW YORK
UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION II
NEW YORK
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
I. SITE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION ' 1
II. SITE HISTORY 1
A. Current Site Status 2
B. Risk Assessment .. 4
Exposure Pathways 4
Contaminants of Concern 4
Pisk Characterization 5
Environmental Impacts 6
III. ENFORCEMENT ANALYSIS 6
IV. COMMUNITY RELATIONS 6
V. ALTERNATIVES EVALUATION 7
VI. SELECTED REMEDY 9
VII. FIGURES • 13
VIII. TABLES 22
ATTACHMENTS
A - NYSDEC Letter of Concurrence
B - Responsiveness Summary
^^.•^X*;^^^-, ^^
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FIGURES
FIGURE PAGE
1 - Site Location Map 13
2 - Ranney Well Construction Diagram 14
3 - Identified Potential Sources *
of Contamination 15
4 - Areal Distribution of Vinyl Chloride 16
5 - Areal Distribution of Chloroethane 17
6 - Areal Distribution of Trans-1,2-Dichloroethene. . 18
7 - Map ~* Post Glacial Kettle Deposit 19
3 - Gjround Water Flow Diagram for 12/10/86 20
9 - Ground Water Flow Diagram for 1/16/87. ..... 21
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TABLES
TABLE PAGE
1 - Contaminant Reduction by Purge Well ... 22
2 - Contaminants Detected at the Ranney Well 23
3 - Contaminants Evaluated in Quantitative Risk
Assessment ot Kanney Well Water 24
4 - Estimated Costs of Remedial Alternatives. '. . . . . 25
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I. SITE LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
The Endicott Village Well Field site is located in the Village
of Endicott, Broome County, New York. The site essentially
consists of a Ranney Well and its zone of influence on area
ground water. The boundaries of this zone have been generally
delineated in the RI by the Susquehanna River to the south-,
West Main Street to the north, Grippen Park to the east and
the Endicott Landfill to the west. (See Figure 1.)
The project site is comprised primarily of open land associated
vith the Enjoie Golf Course, and the facilities of the Village of
Endicott Sewage Treatment Plant. Private homes are not located
•within the project study area. However, there are landfill areas
and industrial tracts to the northwest and west of the study
area, including the Endicott Landfill, identified in the RI as
the probable source of contamination. The site is underlain by
over 100 feet of unconsolidated glacial and alluvial deposits
which mantle shale and sandstone bedrock.
II. SITE HISTORY
The wel^, was. designed over 30 years ago, by the Ranney Well
Collector Corporation, to draw water primarily by infiltration
from the nearby Susquehanna River, with the balance contributed
by area ground water. The Ranney Well has been in continuous use
since 1950 at various production levels ranging from 3500 to
7000 gpm. The Ranney Well consists of a 13 foot diameter central
caisson, approximately 108 feet deep, with twenty four 8 inch
diameter horizontal well screens projecting from the central
caisson in four tiers. (See Figure 2.)
The Ranney Well operated without major problems until May 1981,
when the USEPA detected vinyl chloride (8.4 ppb) and trace
amounts of other volatile organic compounds in the well's
discharge. Sampling of area wells was undertaken after a
chemical spill at IBM's Endicott plant in 1978. Subsequent
sampling by the USEPA and the New York State Department of
Health (NYSDOH) confirmed these initial results.
Site remediation efforts were initiated on a local level by the
Public Works Department for the Village of Endicott. These
efforts included engaging the services of D.W. Friend
Laboratories of Waverly, New York to sample the Ranney Well
discharge and various points along the distribution system
on a weekly basis. As part of the testing program, a Village
employee donned scuba equipment and collected samples from
selected radials of the Ranney Well. Sample results indicated
that radials projecting to the west exhibited elevated levels of
contamination. Based on this investigation, some radials were
valved shut and the conclusion made that the source of
contamination existed to the west of the well. In addition, an
aeration system was installed in the well as an. immediate
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reitiedial measure to reduce vinyl chloride levels.
Additional studies were undertaken by the NYSDEC Division of
Water, beginning in April 1983. The first study included a
review of available data, the installation of nine monitoring
wells, and the sampling and analytical testing of groundwa-ter
from selected wells. A pump test was also performed in
September 1983 by turning the Ranney Well off for a period of 24
hours and measuring recovery rates in nearby wells. Pumping was
then resumed at a rate of 3700. gpm and resulting drawdowns were
m^asur^d. The results of this study indicated that the source of
contamination was located west or northwest of the Ranney Well.
It concluded that pumping 3700 gpm at the Ranney Well has a
significant impact upon area.ground .water flow paths, reversing
the direction of flow on the golf course and drawing ground water
toward the well.
Based on the results of this investigation, a 10-inch purge well
designed to pump approximately 600 gpm and three additional
monitoring wells were installed on the Enjoie Golf Course to
intercept and monitor contamination affecting the Ranney Well.
Howeverr"an additional study to evaluate the effectiveness of the
purge well revealed that it was not performing efficiently enough
to capture the contaminant plume and prevent migration to the
Ranney Well. The Village of Endicott redeveloped the purge well
under NYSDEC supervision and installed four additional monitoring
wells. Further investigation revealed that the purge well has
been removing significant quantities of contaminants from the
aquifer.
Since redevelopment, the pumping rate of the purge well has
increased to 600 gpm. Contaminated water from the purge well is
aerated through a spray nozzle and discharged into a series of
clay lined ponds, which overflow .into the Susquehanna River.
The final pond outfall was monitored during the NYSDEC
investigations as well as discharge at the purge well. Table 1
from the final NYSDEC Division of Water report of August 1985,
shows concentrations of four chemicals measured at the purge
well and at the final pond outfall for four different sampling
events. This treatment system was permitted by the NYSDEC.
A. Current Site Status
The Ranney Well is currently pumping water at 3700 gallons per
minute (gpm) and delivering approximately 47 percent of the total
water supply to Endicott1s municipal system, which serves an
estimated 45,000 people in the area. Local officials indicate
that approximately half of the Ranney Well discharge is routed to
local industries for use as process water in manufacturing. The
balance is consumed by local residents.
The Village of Endicott has been monitoring the Ranney Well
discharge on a weekly basis since 1985. Analytical results
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indicate that the MCL for vinyl chloride has been exceeded in the
Ranney discharge on several occasions. This is evidence that the
existing aeration system is not adequate to ensure compliance
with the MCL and therefore not adequately protective of human
health.
A major objective of the remedial investigation was to identify
the source of contamination to the Ranney Well. Five potential
sources were identified by the NYSDEC and USEPA, prior to the RI.
(See Figure 3.) The RI determined that the most probable
source of contamination was the Endicott Landfill. However,
additional data will be required to further evaluate contaminant
distribution and conclusively identify the source. An RI/FS for
a second operable unit to evaluate the nature and extent of
contamination in suspected source areas and to evaluate
possible source control measures has been initiated. This RI/FS
will also investigate the extent of contamination in the
aquifer and evaluate all feasible alternatives for its restoration,
The completed RI was successful in characterizing geologic and
hydrogeolgic conditions in the area. In addition, a scenario was
proposedfto describe the origins of contamination presently
affecting the Ranney Well. The RI attributes the identified
contaminant plume to inundation of the Endicott Landfill by the
Susquehanna River during flood events. The report conduces
that this could cause a reversal in ground water flow patterns,
which would allow a contaminant slug to move into the catchments
of the Ranney and purge wells. The contaminant slug then
travels as shown in Figures 4, 5, and 6 for the three contaminants
of concern. These areal contaminant distributions represent
the results of data collected from monitoring wells during
the RI.
Data which support this conclusion include water level records
obtained from the the Village of Endico'tt Sewage Treatment Plant,
a surface water level gauge located at Nanticoke Creek and
historical analytical test results. These data were reviewed and
flood occurrences correlated with high levels of contamination
present at the purge well.
Another explanation for the contamination affecting the Ranney
Well can be derived from ground water flow patterns identified in
the RI. A large post glacial kettle deposit was identified in
the RI and previous NYSDEC studies. This large impermeable soil
mass exists below Nanticoke Creek, between the Ranney and purge
wells and the Endicott Landfill. (See Figure 7.) The combined
pumping effects of the Ranney and purge wells (currently
approximately 6.2 MGD) draw- ground water to the east, from
the direction of the Endicott Landfill, underneath and around
the impermeable kettle deposit and toward the wells. (See
Figure 8 & 9.) This would cause contamination existing in
the area of the Endicott Landfill to be drawn toward the
Ranney Well.
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This scenario can also explain why some contamination is
bypassing the purge well. The depth of the kettle deposit was
determined in the RI to be approximately equivalent to the depth
of the purge well. Thus, contaminated ground water pumped under
the kettle deposit by the combined influence of the Ranney and
purge well could circumvent the purge well and reach the
catchment of the .Ranney Well. These conclusions will be carefully
scrutinized in the RI/FS addressing the source of contamination
and aquifer restoration.
B. Risk Assessment
-The primary potential human health impact at the Endicott Village
Well Field site is through ingestion of contaminated ground water.
In order to -assess the level of risk to the public associated
with the contamination, a risk assessment was conducted. This
assessment provides a quantitative estimate of risk levels under
existing conditions, in the absence of remedial action. This is
used to determine whether remedial action at the site is
warranted. The risk assessment was developed as follows:
identify contaminants of concern; select appropriate indicator
chemical^ describe pathways of exposure associated with
indicator chemicals; estimate levels of exposure and determine
populations affected; and characterize current and potential
risks to human health.
Exposure Pathways.
The risk assessment performed as part of the remedial
invesigation determined that ingestion of contaminated Ranney
Well water poses the greatest human health risk at the Endicott
Village Well Field site. The Ranney Well draws water primarily
from the Susquehanna River, with the balance derived from area
ground water. The remedial investigation identified a potential
source of contamination to the west of the Ranney Well, i.e the
Endicott Landfill. Pumping of the Ranney and purge wells combine
to reverse area ground water flow paths and draw contaminated
ground water from the direction of this suspected source. -There
are no production wells in the flow path, other than the Ranney
and purge wells. An RI/FS will be performed on a second operable
unit to identify the nature and extent of contamination in
suspected source areas and to evaluate possible source control
measures.
Contaminants of Concern
To develop a quantitative risk assessment for the Endicott
Village Wellfield site appropriate indicator chemicals were
selected. Indicator chemicals were selected based on the
following criteria: the chemical must have been detected in at
least one valid sample since the installation of the existing
treatment systems (Febuary 1985 to present); the chemical must
have known toxic or carcinogenic effects; and there must be
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quantitative data available on toxicity or carcinogenicity of the
chemical.
A variety of organic compounds have been detected in the Ranney
Well discharge, after treatment by aeration. Table 2 identifies
these contaminants, the number of quantifiable detections -for
each, the mean and maximum concentrations, and the availability
of toxicological or carcinogenic data. Table 3 provides relevant
data for indicator chemicals that satisfied the requirements of
the selection process.
Five organic compounds and a gtoup of chemicals known as
trihalomethanes were selected to determine the excess cancer
risk associated with drinking Ranney Well water. Of these
chemicals, only vinyl chloride is occasionally present at levels
exceeding Applicable or Relevant and Appropriate Requirements
(ARARs) established for the site.
Since the Ranney Well serves as a continuous drinking water
source for greater than 25 consumers, Maximum Contaminant Levels
(MCLs) promulgated under the Safe Drinking Water Act are the
applicable or relevant and appropriate cleanup standards for
the site. The MCL for vinyl chloride was finalized at 2 ppb
in June 1987. This is more stringent than the current New
York State ground water standard of 5 ppb (NYS Environmental
Conservation Law Part 703). MCLs for 1,2-dichloroethane,
trichloroethene, and total trihalomethanes were also finalized
in June 1987. (See Table 3.) Currently, the ater quality
of the Ranney Well is achieving ARARs for these chemicals,
with the exception of vinyl chloride.
MCLs do not exist for the two remaining indicator chemicals,
tetrachloroethene and 1,1,2-trichloroethane. New York State
Department of Health guidelines for these chemicals are 50 ppb
for step 1 action and 10 ppb for'step 2 action. Federal Water
Quality Criteria (FWQC) are available for both chemicals. The
FWQC for these chemicals are 0.88 ppb for tetrachloroethene and
0.6 ppb for 1,1,2-trichloroethane. These FWQC are health based
estimates that correspond with an increased cancer risk of 10~6
for ingestion of contaminated water. The FWQC for these two
chemicals have only been exceeded once in the past two years,
sampling weekly.
Risk Characteristics
Available analytical data from the Ranney Well indicates that
there is an excess cancer risk of 2.5x10"^ associated
with ingestion of Ranney Well water. This means that one
might expect one additional incidence of cancer in a hypothetical
population of 40,000 people resulting from ingestion of
Ranney Well water. The USEPA currently views a r.ange from
10~4 to 10~7 as an exceptable cancer risk level.
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Environmental Impacts
Potential environmental impacts from the contamination affecting
the Ranney Well have not been fully determined. An RI/FS on a
second operable unit, addressing source remediation and aquifer
restoration, will attempt to further characterize potential
environmental impacts of the contamination. The Endicott_'
Landfill was identified as the likely source of contamination
in the first RI/FS. Two previous studies by the NYSDEC
Division of Water, also identified the landfill as the probable
source. Leachate from a surface seep emanating from the
landfill and draining into the Susquehanna River demonstrated
the highest level ot contamination of any sample collected
during the RI/FS. Contamination emanating from the landfill
could possibly affect the Susquehanna River and nearby Nanticoke
Creek.
III. ENFORCEMENT
No enforcement activities have been conducted for the site.
The RI/FS identified the Endicott Landfill as the suspected
source of contamination. A Notification of Hazardous Waste
Activity form for the landfill is available in the administrative
records This form identifies companies that possibly contributed
hazardous waste to the landfill, prior to its closing in
1977. The supplemental RI/FS, which will furtner"investigate
suspected source areas/ will be designed to facilitate the
enforcement effort.
At the conclusion of the supplemental RI/FS, notice letters,
if appropriate, will be sent to all potentially responsible
parties (PRPs). EPA retains the right to seek cost recovery
from said PRPs for all response costs, including those
associated with the first operable unit.
IV. COMMUNITY RELATIONS
There have been significant contributions toward the remediation
of contamination at the Endicott Village Wellfield site from
community officials. The Supervisor of.the Public Works
Department for the Village of Endicott, Mr. Eugene Kudgus,
P.E., undertook the first comprehensive study describing
contamination at the Ranney Well in 1983. At that time the Town
took steps toward remediating the contamination, by closing off
highly contaminated radials in the Well. After obtaining the
assistance of NYSDEC Division of Water hydrogeologists and
engineers, the Town took additional steps including the
installation of a purge well to intercept contamination before it
reached the Ranney Well, and the installation of an aeration
system in the Ranney Well to strip vinyl chloride. Local
officials have proved invaluable in providing information and
advice during the RI/FS.
The level of public concern over the contamination problem at the
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Ranney Well has generally subsided/ due mainly to the Town's
decisive steps toward remediating the problem. Press coverage of
the issue has contributed to public awareness in a responsible
manner.
A public meeting was held on August 11, 1987 to discuss
the results of the RI/FS and present the recommended remedial
alternative to the public. Specific concerns that were raised
during the public comment period, including comments made at the
public meeting, are answered in the attached Responsiveness
Summary. A transcript of the public meeting is available in the
Administativc Record, located at the information repository and
the regional office.
V. ALTERNATIVES EVALUATION
The remedial alternatives for the Endicott Village Well Field site
were developed and evaluated using the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980, 42 USC S9601,
et seq., as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization
Act of 1986, the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution
Contingency Plan, 40 CFR Part 300, and the "Guidance on
FeasibiTity Studies Under CERCLA", as guidance.
The objective of the present operable unit was to develop
short term remedial alternatives capable of providing a safe
drinking water supply to the community. Seven remedial
alternatives were presented in the FS by TAMS Consultants, Inc.,
all addressing water supply. The alternatives and their
associated capital costs/ operation and maintenance present
worth costs, and total present worth costs are provided in
Table 4.
Alternative it No Action
The no action alternative would leave the site in its present
condition with continued operation of existing systems (i.e.
purge well and aeration system) and associated monitoring.
However, monitoring data collected,during the operation of
present treatment systems, over a two year period indicate
that the MCL for vinyl chloride has been exceeded on several
occasions. This demonstrates that the existing treatment
systems are not effective in protecting public health.
Alternative 2; Purge Wells Only
This alternative involves the installation of a number of purge
wells upgradient from the Ranney Well. The purge wells would
intercept contaminated ground water, before it reaches the Ranney
Well, thereby restoring the drinking water quality of the Ranney
Well. However, additional studies would be required to
demonstrate the technical feasibility, reliability and
effectiveness of this alternative. These additional studies
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would hinder the implementability of the alternative. -
A second operable unit addressing source characterization and
remediation has been initiated. Implementation of this
alternative would be premature until the source and extent of
contamination have been more adequately delineated and an
aquifer restoration program has been defined. The .cost <5f
this alternative shown in Table 4 does not.consider treatment
costs that will probably be required prior to discharging
contaminated ground water to the environment. The total
present worth of implementing this alternative without
treatment of the contaminated ground water is estimated to
be $1.041 million. Should treatment be required this cost
would increase substantially. Thus the merits of this
alternative evaluated by performance, reliability, cost, and
protectiveness of human health and the environment are
questionable.
Alternative 3; Air Stripping
This alternative involves the installation of a treatment
facility on site to treat contaminated ground water prior to
discharge into the distribution system of the Village of
Endicott. The treatment system would remove contaminants
detected in the Ranney Well a.t levels that exceed drinking
water standards, i.e. MCLs. The remedy will be effective in
protecting human health and the environment and in reducing
the toxicity, mobility, and volume of contamination. It is
easily implementable and cost effective. Detailed discussion
of this remedy is provided later in this document.
Alternative 4; Air Stripping and Additional Purge Wells
This alternative is essentially a combination of alternatives 2
and 3. It was rejected for the same reasons given in the
discussion of alternative 2. It' was decided that the utility and •
necessity of purge wells could be better established at the
conclusion of the second operable unit after sources of
contamination have been properly addressed and an aquifer
restoration plan has been developed. The total present worth
cost of implementing this alternative is estimated to be $3.625
million. As in alternative 2 this figure does not include
costs that would probably be associated with treating contaminated
ground water from the purge wells prior to discharge to the
environment.
Alternative 5; New.Endicott Supply Well
Alternative 5 would provide for the installation of a new
drinking water supply well off site. Contaminated ground water
would not be remediated under this alternative. It would
result in the loss of the Ranney Well to the community. In
addition, further study would be required to locate a well
capable of providing water in adequate quantity and quality,
-------
-9-
hindering the implementability and cost effectiveness of the
alternative. The estimated total present worth cost of the
alternative presented in Table 4 ($870/000) does not reflect
the costs of the study that would be required to locate and
test the new supply well proposed under this alternative.
The selection of this alternative would basically result'in
the loss of a prolific water resource. Neither EPA's ground
water protection strategies, nor the community's future water .
needs would be well served by this alternative. Further, the
statutory directive in CERCLA seeking a reduction in the
toxicity, mobility, and volume of contamination on Superfund
sites would be ignored by the selection of this alternative.
Alternative 6t New Surface Water Supply
This alternative would involve the construction of a 6 million
gallon per day (MGD) treatment plant on the north bank of the
Susquehanna River, east of Nanticoke Creek. Required water
treatment plant processes would include flocculation and
clarification, filtration, and chlorination. Additional studies
would be required to locate and design the required treatment
facility.
Site remediation is not addressed by this alternative. In
addition, the method is not cost effective or easily
implementable. The estimated total present worth cost of
this alternative is $4.104 million. The alternative is much
more expensive than the selected remedy and would require
additional studies prior to implementation.
Alternative 7; Surrounding Community Supply
Johnson City, located east of Endicott, currently has 4 MGD of
water available and would be willing to rehabilitate an existing
well at their own expense to supply 6 MGD. Endicott would have
to provide for interconnection with the Johnson City system.
This is simply another alternative looking at possible
alternative water supplies. The method does not address site
remediation and is not cost effective. The total present
worth of the alternative is $10.684 million. It was by far
the most expensive alternative evaluated and offered little
in the way of marginal utility to justify its expense.
VI. SELECTED REMEDY
The selected remedy was arrived at by evaluating the remedial
alternatives presented in the feasibility study in accordance
with the statutory requirements established in CERCLA, and to
the extent practicable, the NCP. The selected'remedy is
protective of human health and the environment, cost effective,
utilizes alternative treatment technologies to the maximum
extent practicable to reduce the toxicity, mobility, and
-------
-10-
volume of contamination, and attains Federal and State.ARARs.
The selected remedy for the Endicott Village Well Field site
consists of the following components:
1. A ground water treatment facility will be installed
near the existing Ranney Well, designed to treat the
current use flow rate of approximately 3700 gpm. - The
treatment facility will utilize air stripping for the
removal of volatile organic compounds and chlorination
for disinfection.' Treated water will then be discharged
to the distribution system of the village of Endicott
for use as drinking water.
2. The Village of Endicott will continue to operate the
purge well located on the Enjoie Golf Course. This purge
well is situated between the Ranney Well and the
suspected source of contamination, the Endicott Landfill.
3. The Village of Endicott presently samples the Ranney Well
for volatile organic compounds on a weekly basis. This
monitoring program is necessary to ensure a safe drinking
water supply for the community.
_^The_well was sampled for full Hazardous Substance List
parameters during the RI/FS during two separate sampling
events. Analytical results of these samples indicated
thai: the well is presently being affected by only
volatile organic compounds. Thus, the existing
monitoring program, designed to detect volatile organic
compounds in the Ranney Well, is sufficient and should be
continued. ' -
4. A supplemental RI/FS will be initiated to further
investigate the nature and extent of contamination in
suspected source areas and to evaluate possible
source control measures* This study will also investigate
the extent of aquifer contamination and evaluate
alternatives for its restoration. A cooperative
agreement allocating resources and responsibility for
this proposed project was finalized in August 1987.
Under the terms of the agreement, the NYSDEC will be
the lead agency in administering the RI/FS and procuring
a contractor.
The proposed scope of work for this project will include
an investigation of the Endicott Landfill and potential
impacts of this probable source of contamination on the
Ranney Well and other receptors, including the aquifer.
The selected remedy has been designed as a short term remedial
measure for the Endicott Village Well Field site. This operable
unit addresses remediation of a contaminated drinking water
supply. A comprehensive site remediation plan will be determined
at the conclusion of the second operable unit which will
W^^^
-------
-11-
investigate source control measures and aquifer restoration.
Air stripping has been identified by USEPA as the best
available technology for the removal of vinyl chloride. The
existing aeration system was installed as a short term remedial
measure by the Village of Endicott in March 1983 until a long
term solution was developed. The system essentially pumps air to
the bottom of the well through diffusers to air strip vinyl
chloride. However/ the amount of air that may be introduced is
limited because too much air could damage pumps and piping in the
well. "
An analysis of the existing aeration system was conducted
during the RI/FS. Significant design parameters were compared
with Available alternative technologies. A major design
parameter for any air stripping process is the air to water
ratio, since the process essentially volatilizes a chemical
dissolved in water into a passing air stream. The existing
aeration system maintains an air to water ratio of approximately
0.026, as compared with packed tower air strippers that routinely
operate at air to water ratios of 20 to 40. On the basis of
these and other performance evaluations, it was concluded that the
existing aeration system is not satisfactory from ar. engineering
or public health perspective as a treatment system to remove
vinyl cfllorfde and other volatile organic compounds from the
Ranney Well water. The selected remedy will make, use of
State of the art air stripping technologies to ensure a
continued safe drinking water supply for the Village of
Endicott. The treatment system will achieve MCLs and compliance
will be demonstrated by the monitoring program conducted by
the Village of Endicott.
Results of the RI and previous studies indicate that pumping has
a significant impact upon contaminant flow paths within the
aquifer. Thus, a pump and treat approach will allow for
effective management of contaminant migration in ground water and
will reduce the discharge of contaminants to the Susquehanna
River.
Target treatment levels and ARARs have been established for the
site and concurrence on these received from the NYSDEC.
Contaminated Ranney Well water will be treated to drinking water
quality. Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) promulgated under the
Safe Drinking Water Act are the applicable or relevant and
appropriate cleanup levels for the site. These required
cleanup levels were ^discussed earlier in this document.
Air emissions from the packed column stripper will consist of
extremely low levels of volatile organic compounds. Application
of 6 NYCRR 212, commonly referred to as Air Guide 1, was
considered applicable or relevant and appropriate in determining
acceptable air emission levels for the site. In addition, there
is a National Emission Standard for vinyl chloride promulgated
under the Clean Air Act of ten parts per million. Calculations
performed during the RI/FS indicate that the expected air
-------
-12-
emissions levels will be well below those required by New York
State and the Federal government.
The selected remedy is protective of human health and the
environment, complies with legally applicable or relevant and
appropriate requirements in a cost effective manner, and makes
use of alternative treatment technologies to the maximum extent
practicable. The remedy will pump and treat contaminated-ground
water, to provide safe drinking water for the surrounding
community.
-------
-13-
If-nl / J'-ryy I li fT?
mum IUM
£////// tt& .&&?$?&
?^:c^5^ADAP^
MAP!
CCS
gcuJS00,. ?^g!..^0 4QO°
SCALE IN PFFT
- INVESTIGATION REPORT
ENDICOTT WELLFIELD Sr'
ENOICOTT, NEW YORK
SITE a PROJECT
LOCUS PLAN
1987
^ T^^p7^;;--i-*A"r7'rw'^lL
N I
-------
I
-r/*
if.2
l|_
Si
V
norrs:
___
Cf7>f \
%MMVm
RANNET Wftl CROSS StCTION AND HM Virus ADAPTED r>ON DRAWINGS fROVIKO INARCPMT MCPARCD IT CUKNC A. RUOGUS.
P.C., tNIITLIO. "VINTl CHI OR IOC CMTAfUNATION Of THE WMNET VEU." HARCH 1981.
IAURAL UHCIHS AND ORICNTATIONS RfPOBIfO If NVSOCC OfVISIOM Of MH* IN A REfORf INfinEO, *A HTOROCtOKWICAl
INVCSTICAfKM Of CHIORIHAHO HTOROCARBON COMTAMINAUON OT THE RAW«» COUECTOR Will." APRIt 1964. fCRCINI FLOW
CONIRIBUIIONS WASURIO Br IHC IAYNC COHPANT OURINC A 4/J/79 INSPCCTIOh OF THE WfU.
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT
ENOCOTT WCLLFIELD SITE
CNOicorr. NCW rom
THE RANNEy WELL
MARCH 1987
riGURC NO 2
-------
-15-
\JJt
1000 2000
SCALE IN FCC-
FMnirrv^.**""'0""^ REPORT
ENOICOTT WELLFIELD SITE
ENDICOTT, NEW YORK
'DEMTJFIED POTENTIAL
SOURCES OF CONTAMINATION
-------
1
yWD vN
^t
BM6.6
\
^22.6 X822.
X809/5
LI
JSWP-j
X*A-;?
X82I
TP-
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8-=', I r. ?
Jb-
NO
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.'*WKC?
0»€K
xeT
n i
. «!•.*/
JXf
V*
R
^CONTAMINANT CONCENTMATION
^,WEU. NUMBEM
SH-t
*«•*« «u£cni, Kmc- ^ n_niw SUS 00 EH ANN A R
-"«i?'?C
1
J\J -J
.» «.iwt(N MM. IJ-M.MT
•III:
I. itvMMMn rannuini MIIIIMI*! WM it wui «•> MI««MI« ir •wine
^••••i VOC CONCENTRATION CONTOUR "" •"• '•"««'! vmtfunnm MII». MIM iwmwiivt w un M
iv» »vv iAnKnin«iiun kuniuun MH «»• MI» M unium MOMII «f n M BUM wtH* •• «• «Mi cut.
NO NOT DETECTED » «-«•""« n»i^ mm* n •»«• UMIMIM iMniiim. at. 0 m^^S**
1. fmmm COTIIIMIIOT *• MI« •«••• • wm> (•iicni «•§ «ul « mi SHSlimf^?^**m
ovuMif M lamiicn mum* » M ••>•«. MH m< •«• •»•«<•••« C^AI r • i". onn*
MMWWMIIVII MH !• H« 111 •• V Ml* num. HINM*. IIWMVIMH M CM*- «H» iMnn •
AREAL DISTRIBUTION
OF VINYL CHLORIDE
Figure 4
-------
Sit-* I
SUSOUEHANNA RIVER
rn
ENWCOTT WELLFIELO SITE
ENWCOTT, NEW
TfiinlMi *
MIII. •(!*•< <(Mi>tuii*>i •» fan
mv «• «• «wi tmu
MI on* ar WHIM Mimic« ivoMtgitii. MC
10*1 wnt •«»•—*•—•
______ — •*••** *
....... — — » mv IF MIMM MMIfllCM |WOMI
-------
_ INVESTIGATION REPORT
ENOICOTT WELLFIELO SITE
CNOtCOTT, NEW VORK
AREAL DISTRIBUTION
OF TRANS 1.2
DICHLOROETHENE
RCH oar
Figure 6
-------
. -,„... ••«*wr\r«I^OO UT KU51
9 GLACIAL KETTLE DEPOSITS
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT
SUSQUEHANNA RIVER
APPROX. ISOPACH LINES OF
KETTLE DEPOSIT THICKNESS
ENDICOTT WELLFIELD SITE
ENDtCOTT. NEW YORK
'• •-'""ir^^.'ss.j""":! Lr ••"" •"» «»
K^yaffSFS^I^^s^'-s™! °
•CTtim. wici««« JSTiiJY "?""»»« «ne«inti> M» m
ISOPACH MAP OF
POST-GLACIAL KETTLE DEPOSITS
-------
'*6R\
xX-Jr|
6\(
k*V
w
xei;
VEW-|4
•^CNOT MSTAUEC
1.9
-1HWI »«|
INSTALLED)*
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'( rxe.16.6
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xtis.
f*wo. r XB jc
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VS. B
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•797
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1 noai
*804.9 ~
^
•GROUND WATER ELECTION
MEASURED IN FEET
.NOt"vMONITORING WELL NUMBER
msnuta »nt HOT mst«uco ON wit
marm "vo. MEASUKO
CONTOUR
• 798 ELEVATION
^ GROUND WATER CONTOUR i^-S,
HARROW INOICATINO DIRECTION OF FLOW
ew-_
804.8
0.6 8
^
T V
U99.
t*-2i
_^.«-ZO
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! MVII.OM* ••!•• UTVB ftn
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mtfit. fmmmm* Mrrtm » m nm
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT
ENWCOTT WELLFIELD SITE
ENOICOTT, NEW VORK
GROUND WATER CONTOURS
FOR DECEMBER K>, 1986
MARCH 1987
Figure 8
-------
Q'.SV^^Vl e-a* 1
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT
ENOICOTT WELLFIELO SITE
ENOKOTT, NEW YORK
WELL LOCATION B NUMBER
SUSOUEHANNA RIVER
GROUND WATER CONTOURS
FOR JANUARY 16,1987
1. rt*m*fKM I* CMBMBIfta IffVClf. •IttCTM** ••• fflOl
•«f(« Mf OrrM ••• to «M|«VIC»« !• MBfkft ••»•» ftCVtt.
ra«. W»»IK Mttti, twioMnic NUMM •« •*••»
y*gyoM r»QM f»« tn* BK <»«i»«««p>fi »P>« tuo. ._-=-- -
-------
-22-
Table 1
Contaminant Reduction by the Purge Well System
Purge Well
8/3/84 1/15/85 4/9/85 5/7/85
Vinyl Chloride
Chloroethane
1,1-Dichloroethane
210
640
11
Trans-1,2-Dichloroethene 110
110
93
14
65
40
270
8
66
44
77
14
15
Final Pond*
t Removal
Vinyl Chloride 9
Chloroethane 19
1,1-Dichloroethane ND
Trans-1,2-Dichloroethene 4
30
31
4
21
4
42
2
10
4
23
1
13
87.4
79.6
84.8
65.6
* All concentrations in ppb.
** ND » not detected
„ ,.M,.W, ..... ^.
^_.^^:^~~.:.r-^r^^ -•'•''7
^.^ws&vvW^W^
-•'•''7> '• ' ..... *
-------
-23-
• 2RBLE 9
anwwwa cnm « R^ wai
QW
_DS
""
^^^^^^^^^^^"^^^^•^™
1,1-DichlorcethaTe
1 1 2-Oichloroethsne
trans- 1 , 2-Oichlorcethene
Vinyl chlorLJo
'• '• 1-Trichlorosthane
' . 1 1 2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethylme
lil-Oichloroethene
Chloroethane
Chloronethane
Methylene^thloride
fttrachloroethsne
Chlorofora
Other ttihaloaethanes
Brnnodichloroaethane
Bibrmcchloroaethane
Bronofora
Dichlorcdinuorcoethane
TrichlorofluoroBethane
NTirz;
BPIC
gAL V7
19
V
38
12
12
1
17
3
6
2
4
1
23
10
(9)
(2)
(1)
2
4
•M«M^
£LE
2S.S
ajp j
16
1-
33
11
9
1
14
3
4
2
3
1
19
e
(8)
(1)
(1)
1
3
^ •—«
~
MAXIMA
?CB7IRA]
roiAL v?
^^"'^••••••••l
13
2
B
3
24
2
2
19
2
5
2
2
31
7
(4)
(2)
(5)
3
2
— — ^— i
— — ^— »
J
LION j
^.rp'
g^p^!^^^^—
13
2
4
3
24
2
2
19
2
5
2
2
81
7
(4)
(2)
(5)
3
'2
•^•— •—
__
MDtf.
JNg?^p
JOTAL ^
^"••••••••••J
0.65
•0.03
1.52
0.27
0.80
O.C3
0.33
C.40
0.13
0.15
0.08
0.03
1.93
0.42
(0.27)
(0.05)
(0.08)
0.19
0.08
•^-* •
p^^^«— ^^
I
AIICN
VAUS'
^^^••••••••l
0.66
0.04
1.40
0.29
0.68
0.04
0.32
0.45
0.09
0.17
0.08
0.04
2.13
0.42
(0.26)
(0.04)
(0.09)
0.14
0.07
— — ™_
— —— — —
CLASSIFI-
CATION
(NOTE 1)
^"^"^^^•^•••••••i
T
C
Note 2
C
T
C
C
Note 3
N
Note 2
Note 3
c
c
Note 4
Note 4
Note 4
Note 4
ND
ND
~
roxicnv/
OJOJO-
(ZHZCBY
D«*BfT^
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Note
N/A
No
Notl
Yes
Yes
Note
Note
Note
Note
No
No
1 i
^ *_
3
3
4
4
4
4
^•W^WM
All concentrations in u^l (Rfb).
Analyses by Friend laboratories, waverly, NY.
Data frsn 60 aast recant (S3 valid) analyses since purge well
and diffused ear operational, February 1935 - June 1967.
Notes:
(1) T : Toxic
C : Carcinogenic
NO : Not detaeained
N : No evidence of toxirity or carcinogenirity
(2) Still under stiriy; probable carcinogen.
(3) Carcinogen via inhalation; no ingesticn (oral) data available.
(4) Carcinogenicity for trihaloasthanes calculated as chloroform.
^':-"' ^JWK'T-'^''*"^'^"'^'73'"**'^*"'-"'-'^^
-------
TABLE 3
I
CONTAMINANTS EVALUATED I* QUANTITATIVE
RISK ASSESSMENT OP RANNCY HELL MATER
A. TOXINS
1, l-Dichloroethane
1,1, 1-Trichloroethane
Acceptable Intake
Concentrations
Suhchronic Chronic
40.000 4,000
NO 19.000
Maximum
Concentration
(Valid Data)
13
24
tlMean
Concentration
(Valid Data)
0.66
0.68
Mean
Concentration
(All D.ita)
0.65
0.80
Maximum
Contaminant
Level (MCL)
200*
MCLC
- • -ilf.-r ..T
200
8. CARCINOGENS
Vinyl chloride
t , 2-Oichloroethane
TrichLoroethene
Total 'Tribal one thanes
(as chloroform)
Tetracnloroethene
1, 1,2-Trlchloroe thane
Notes:
All data in ug/1 (ppb) ei
Toxicity and Carcinogenic
except values for trlchl<
Concen-
tration Carcino-
at 10~6 genie
Cancer Potency
Risk (kg day/mg)
0.015 2.3
0.51 0.069
3.2 0.011
0.50 0.07
0.87 0.040
0.61 0.057
Maximum
Concentration
(Valid Data)
3
2
2
81
2
2'
icept as noted.
:ity values from USEPA, Toxicity Values
>roothene based on update
Mean
Concentration
(Valid Data)
0.29
0.038
0.32
2.55
0.036
0.038
for Use at Sup
crom EPA i Karen macKDurn, E
Mean
Concentration
(All Data)
0.27
0,035
0.33
2.40
0.033
0.033
Maximum
Contaminant
Level (MCL)
I:
too
erfund Remedial Sites, July
CAO, telephone"
conversation.
MCLG
0
0
0
18, 1985;
March 4,
I
ro
1987). Values cited are for ingestion.
Maximum Contaminant Levels from Safe Drinking Mater Act, 40 CFR 141.12.
Analytical Data Prom Table 1.
* Pinal value under Safe Drinking Mater Act, signed June 19, 1987; to be Included as 40 CPR 141.61(a).
-------
-25-
Table 4
Erdicott Village wellfield
Cost* ($1,000)
Remedial Alternative
1. No Action
2. Additional Purge Wells
3. Air Stripping
4. Air Stripping and
Additional Purge Wells
5. New Endicott Supply
Well
6. New Surface Water
Supply
7. Surrounding Community
Supply
Capital
0
625
1,200
1,825
1,000
5,000
2,200
Annual 0/M#
34.4
44.1
147
191
-35
-95
900
Total PW$
324.5
1,041
2,586
3,625
' 870
4,104
10,684
* None of the above alternatives includes costs for required
long term environmental monitoring. However, the Village
of Endicott currently conducts weekly sampling of the
Ranney- Well.
2 ^nual 0 & M costs represent incremental expense above or
s-ow present 0 & M costs for Ranney Well.
$ Total present worth costs based on 30 year project period.
-------
SEP 11 '67 1$:Q5 NYS ENV. CONS. flLBflNY NY
4 frl
P.2
New York Stati department of Environmental Conservation
00 Wolf flotd, AlbWylNew York 1223*4011
Mr. Stephen D. Luf
Director.
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Region II
26 Federal Plazi
New York, New York 10278
Mr, luftlg:
Themn C Jorling
SEP 11 1987
Re: Endtcott Wellfleld
Endlcott (V), Broome County
Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS)
^ <
This Is 1n response to the September 10, 1987 transmlttal of the draft
"Declaration For the Record of Decision14 from Mr. William McCabe, of your
staff, to Mr. Joseph L. Slack, P.E., of my staff.
—r The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (KYSDEC)
has recently completed a Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS)
it the Endlcolt Weflfleld Site, Village of Endlcott, Broome County, Niw York,
This RI/FS work recommended that the following remedial measures be
Implemented at this site: 1) treatment of the Ranney Well water by e1r
stripping and disinfection; 2) continued operation of the existing purge
well; and 3) continued monitoring of Ranney Well water to detect the presence
of volatile organic compounds to ensure protection of human health. In
addition, a second operable unit (RI/FS) will address source control measures
and aquifer restoration. The Department of Environmental Conservation
endorses these recommendations.
We understand that: 1)'the funding for these remedial activities will
be divided 90X federal and 10X State and; 2) that the operation and
maintenance costs for this project will be eligible for 90* federal funding
for one year following construction completion. After this period of time,
the end users of this water supply w11l be responsible for the operation
and maintenance costs associated with the Implemented measures.
If you have any questions, please contact Mr. Slack or Mr. Robert J.
Cozzy, P.E., of my staff, at (518) 457-5677. :.
Slncere.ly,
Norman H. Nosenchuck, P.E.
Director
Division of Solid and Hazardous Waste
6. Pavlou, USEPA-Reg1on»II
W. McCabe, USEPA-Reglon II
J. McGahren, USEPA-Reglon II
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RESPONSIVENESS SUMMARY
ENDICOTT WELLFIELD SITE
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION/FEASIBILITY STUDY
Village of Endicott, Broome County, New York
by the
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
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York State Department of Environmental Conservation
(NYSDECJ fold a Public Informational Meeting on August 11, 1987 at the
Endicott Municipal Building to discuss the Endicott Wellfield Remedial
Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) performed by TAMS Consultants,
Inc., under contract to the NYSDEC. Present at the meeting were
representatives from NYSDEC, United States Environmental Protection
Agency (USEPA), New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH), Broom
Coiinty Health Department, Village of Endicott officials, TAMS .
Consultants, Inc., Goldberg-Zoino & Associates, Inc. (GZA), concerned
individuals, and the news, media.
The RI/FS was made available for public review on July 20, 1987 at
the George F. Johnson Library, the Endicott Municipal Building, the
NYSDEC Region 7 Office and the NYSDEC Central Office. The following is
a summary of questions and comments received during the comment period,
either at the public meeting or through correspondence.
QUESTION: In the first presentation, you stated that low levels of
contamination are still detected at times at the Rannev Well.
Now is that greater than the 4 ppb (parts per billion) that
^ . the state allows or 1s it less than that?
RESPONSE: The state guideline 1s actually 5 ppb for vinyl chloride
while the federal Maximum Concentration Level (MCL) 1s 2 ppb.
The level of vinyl chloride presently found 1n the Ranney Well
averages less than 1 ppb with intermittent spikes of 2 and 3
ppb. While the present average concentration of vinyl
chloride 1s below the federal MCL of 2 ppb, 1t still
represents an unacceptable risk for lifetime consumption of
drinking water. This risk can be reduced by bringing the
vinyl chloride level down to non-detectable (ND).
QUESTION: If the air stripper malfunctions and 1t goes to the other
system, would you ever know that the air stripper
malfunctioned?
RESPONSE: The air stripper will be equipped with an alarm system.
If any of the equipment was to fail or not perform up to
capacity, the alarm system would engage. This would be
connected into the alarm system at the main water pump
station. In addition, a twenty-four hour a day water operator
would be at the plant. Any malfunction of the air stripper
would be identified immediately by the operator of the plant
through the alarm system.
QUESTION: I'm curious about the pilot program that you had mentioned.
The town was involved in a similar type of project or one of
this type and I'm interested in where that was and how it's
working.
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Page 2
RESPONSEt^T Village of Endlcott did a pilot study with an air stripper
vendor several years ago. The village paid to set up a
portable treatment facility to evaluate the effectiveness and
the potential for air stripping of the Ranney Well water.
Typical efficiencies for air strippers are reported-at 99%
removal of all volatile organic chemicals.
QUESTION: What about the'quality of the air going out of the stripper?
RESPONSE: The air stripper will have to meet the requirements of New
York State Air Guide-1. In addition, there is a national
emission standard for vinyl chloride of ten parts per million.
The air leaving the air stripper will actually contain
approximately ten parts per billion of vinyl chloride, or less
than one percent of the national emission standard. This
amounts to less than five pounds of vinyl chloride per year
going to the atmosphere.
QUESTION: We will meet the standards, but will that affect the ground
directly around the pump station?
RESPONSE:' The standards are set such that the air impact at ground level
is minimal. The compounds which will enter the atmosphere are
volatile gases which will disperse in the air, not adhere to
the ground below.
QUESTION: Will there be some assistance for the Village of Endlcott to
cover construction costs for this fix?
RESPONSE: The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is
funding this present study and will fund ninety percent of the
construction costs for the recommended remedial action. New
York State, through the Environmental Bond Act of 1986, will
pay for the other ten 'percent of the construction costs. In
addition to that, the first year's operation and maintenance
costs would be funded by USEPA and the State of New York in
the same ninety percent and ten percent apportionments. These
first year operation and maintenance costs are considered to
be start-up costs and are therefore a part of construction.
After the first year, the end users will be responsible for
the cost of operation and maintenance of the system.
QUESTION: What is the schedule to monitor the water quality after the
system is put in?
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Page 3
RESPONSE: The monitoring of water quality in the future will be done
monthly at a mimimum. The Village of Endicott will .probably
continue their current program of testing every two weeks.
QUESTION: Is there any danger of over-chlorinating the water with the
chlorination system at the Ranney Well and the new
chlorination system after the air stripper?
RESPONSE: The existing chlorination sytem will not be used. It will
remain there for the purpose of cleaning the air stripper
media if that media becomes fouled. The water through the
Ranney Well and air stripper will only be chlorinated once.
That will take place as the last step before the water enters
the distribution system.
QUESTION: Are the operation and maintenance costs for this air stripper
expected to be $147,000.
RESPONSE: Yes. These costs include power to run the equipment, water
"=" " sampling and analysis, and other related operation and
maintenance costs.
RJC/lmd
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