United States Office of
Environmental Protection Emergency and
Agency Remedial Response
EPA/ROD/R02-93/221
September 1993
PB94-963824
v°/EPA Superfund
Record of Decision:
Lodi Municipal Wells, NJ
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50272-101
REPORT DOCUMENTATION 1. REPORT NO. 2.
PAGE EPA/ROD/R02-93/221
4.
7.
9.
THIe and Subtitle
SUPERFUND RECORD OF DECISION
Lodi Municipal Wells, NJ
First Remedial Action - Final
Author(s)
Performing Organization Name and Address
12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
3.
5.
Recipient's Accession No.
Report Date
09/27/93
6.
8.
10
11.
(C)
13.
Performing Organization Rept. No.
Project Task/Work Unit No.
Contract(C) or Grant(G) No.
Type of Report & Period Covered
800/800
14.
15. Supplementary Notes
PB94-963824
16. Abstract (Limit: 200 words)
The Lodi Municipal Well site is a series of contaminated ground water wells located in
the Borough of Lodi, Bergen County, New Jersey. Land use in the area is predominantly
residential and commercial. From the early 1900s to the 1980s, the Lodi Water
Department supplied potable water for the majority of the Borough's residential and
commercial water needs from eleven municipal wells, which tapped the bedrock aquifer.
The wells were installed from 1923 to 1965 in the Passaic Formation at depths varying
between 300 and 600 feet. This formation extends to a depth of approximately 3,000
feet in the vicinity of the site and consists of predominantly red siltstones,
sandstones, and conglomerates, with beds of gray and black mudstone in the lower
portion. In addition, domestic, industrial, and municipal supply wells, at depths to
600 feet, tap this unit. The people who reside in the Borough of Lodi use private
water supply companies to obtain their drinking water. A 1981 State investigation
detected elevated levels of VOCs exceeding State MCLs for potable water in the Arnot
Street and Garfield Avenue wells, resulting in the closure of these wells. As the
Borough of Lodi was considering treatment options, contaminant levels in the Arnot
Street Well declined, allowing the well to be placed back into operation. In 1983, as
(See Attached Page)
17. Document Analysis a. Descriptors
Record of Decision - Lodi Municipal Wells,
First Remedial Action - Final
Contaminated Medium: None
Key Contaminants: None
b. Identifiers/Open-Ended Term*
c. COSATI Field/Group
NJ
16. Availability Statement
19. Security Class (This Report)
None
20. Security Class (This Page)
None
21. No. of Pages
79
22. Price
(See ANSI-Z39.18)
SM Instruction* on Rtvtrse
OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77)
(Formerly NTIS-35)
Department of Commerce
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EPA/ROD/R02-93/221
Lodi Municipal Wells, NJ
First Remedial Action - Final
Abstract (Continued)
part of an investigation of another NPL site in the area, the State sampled the Home
Place, Garfield Avenue, Kimming Avenue, and Lawrence Avenue wells to evaluate their
possible contamination by radionuclides due to migration from the other site. The Home
Place Well was closed due to high radiological contamination. Elevated levels of VOCs,
coupled with the adoption of more stringent standards for VOCs in drinking water, prompted
the closure of all of the Lodi municipal wells in 1986, except for the Terrace Avenue
Well, which was closed in 1987 due to harmful levels of PCE. This ROD addresses all
eleven wells in the Lodi Municipal Well system, as OUl. EPA determined that the
concentration levels of onsite contaminants do not pose an unacceptable risk to human
health and the environment; therefore, there are no contaminants of concern at this site.
The selected remedial action for this site is no further action because EPA determined
that the ground water contaminants at the well occur at levels that do not pose an
unacceptable risk to human health and the environment. In addition, the radionuclides
found in the ground water were determined to be naturally occurring and, therefore, cannot
be addressed under CERCLA. However, because ground water in the area has been found to
contain sporadic contamination that is regional in nature, EPA recommends that the ground
water not be used for potable water purposes without appropriate treatment. There are no
present worth or O&M costs associated with this no action remedy.
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS OR GOALS:
Not applicable.
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RECORD OF DECISION FACT SHEET
EFA REGION II
Site;
Site name: Lodi Municipal Well Superfund Site
Site location: Borough of Lodi, Bergen County, New Jersey
HRS score: 33.39
Record of Decision;
Date signed: September 27, 1993
Selected remedy: No Action
Capital cost: N/A
O & M cost: N/A
Present-worth cost: N/A
Lead;
Remedial EPA lead
Primary Contact: Silvina Fonseca, (212) 264-7604
Secondary Contact: Robert McKnight, (212) 264-7509
Main PRPs: None
Waste;
Waste type: VOCs and radionuclides
Waste origin: Regionally and naturally occurring
Estimated waste quantity: N/A
Contaminated medium: Groundwater
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UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION II
S"r /> L i—O
DATE C ' L —
Record of Decision for the
Lodi Municipal Well Site
George Pavlou, Acting Director
Emergency and Remedial Response Division (2ERRD)
* William J. Muszynski, P.E.
Acting Regional Administrator (2RA)
V
f
Attached for your approval is the Record of Decision (ROD) for
the Lodi Municipal Well site, located in the Borough of Lodi,
Bergen County, New Jersey. A no action response has been
selected and no further activities are planned for the site.
The Lodi Municipal Well site was placed on the National
Priorities List primarily due to radiological contamination.
After performing extensive field investigations, we have
determined that the radiological contamination is naturally
occurring. As described below, EPA is not authorized to respond
to such naturally occurring conditions.
Section 104 of CERCLA provides limitations on response actions
and directs that no remedial action be taken in response to a
release or threat of release of a naturally occurring substance
in its unaltered form, or altered solely through naturally
occurring processes or phenomena, from a location where it is
naturally found. A response can only be authorized if the
presence of the naturally occurring substance constitutes a
public health or environmental emergency and no other entity
will respond in a timely manner. The radionuclides present at
the Lodi Municipal Well site have been determined to be naturally
occurring and, since the well is no longer being used for water
supply purposes, an emergency does not exist.
Remedial action is not necessary to ensure protection of human
health and the environment from non-radiological compounds at the
Lodi Municipal Well site since the concentrations of those
compounds in the ground water at the well do not pose an
unacceptable risk. However, because ground water in the area has
been found to contain sporadic contamination that is regional in
nature, EPA recommends that the ground water not be used for
potable water supply purposes without appropriate treatment. The
Borough of Lodi currently obtains potable water through private
water supply companies. The Lodi Municipal Well is not utilized
as a source of potable water.
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-2-
The remedial investigation report and the Proposed Plan were
released to the public for comment on July 15, 1993. A 30-day
public comment period ended on August 14, 1993. In addition, a
public meeting to discuss these documents and the preferred
remedy was held on July 20, 1993. Most of the comments received
during the public comment period related to the Maywood Chemical
Company site and the community's desire to have ground water
contamination resulting from that site remediated. Comments
provided by local residents and officials on the Lodi Municipal
Well site did not necessitate a modification of the proposed
remedy.
The ROD was developed by EPA and has been reviewed by the
appropriate offices within Region II. Their input and comments
are reflected in this document. The State of New Jersey has not
yet established a final position concerning the no action
response for the Lodi Municipal Well site.
If you have questions or comments on this document, I would be
happy to discuss them with you at your convenience.
Attachment
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DECLARATION STATEMENT
RECORD OF DECISION
Lodi Municipal Well
Bite N*H|e and Location
Lodi Municipal Well, Bergen County, New Jersey
Statement ef Basle and Purpose
This decision document presents the selected remedy for the Lodi
Municipal Well site. The remedy was chosen in accordance with
the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and
Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), as amended by the Superfund
Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986, and, to the extent
practicable, the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution
Contingency Plan. This decision is based on the administrative
record for the site.
pescription of the Remedy
A no action response has been selected for the Lodi Municipal
Well site. The radionuclides found in the ground water at
the veil have been determined to be naturally occurring and,
therefore, cannot be addressed under CERCLA. No further
activities are planned for the site.
Declarations
Section 104 of CERCLA provides limitations on response actions
and directs that no remedial action be taken in response to a
release or threat of release of a naturally occurring substance
in its unaltered form, or altered solely through naturally
occurring processes or phenomena, from a location where it is
naturally found. A response can only be authorized if the
presence of the naturally occurring substance constitutes a
public health or environmental emergency and no other entity
will respond in a timely manner. The radionuclides present at
the Lodi Municipal Well site have been determined to be naturally
occurring and, since the well is no longer being used for water
supply purposes, an emergency does not exist. Therefore, the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) does not have the
authority under CERCLA to address the radiological contamination
at the site.
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Remedial action is not necessary to ensure protection of human
health and the environment from non-radiological compounds at
the Lodi Municipal Well site since the concentrations of those
compounds in the ground water at the well do not pose an
unacceptable risk. However, because ground water in the area
has been found to contain sporadic contamination that is regional
in nature, EPA recommends that the ground water not be used for
potable water supply purposes without appropriate treatment.
The Borough of Lodi currently obtains potable water through
private water supply companies. The Lodi Municipal Well is not
utilized as a source of potable water.
EPA has determined that its response at this site is complete.
Therefore, the site now qualifies for inclusion on the
Construction Completion List.
f7/jFJ
William J^Muszyneri, P.E. Date
Acting R^giona ^Administrator
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DECISION SUMMARY
Lodi Municipal well Sits
SITE BAKE, LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
The Lodi Municipal Well is the Home Place Well, which is located
in the Borough of Lodi, Bergen County, New Jersey. The Borough,
which is approximately 3.5 square miles in size, is located east
of the Passaic River, west of the Hackensack River, and south of
New Jersey State Route 4. Interstate 80 forms the northeast
boundary of the Borough (see Figure 1). In addition to the Home
Place Well, ten other municipal wells exist in the Borough of
Lodi. All eleven municipal wells were investigated to varying
degrees to determine the nature and quality of ground water in
the vicinity of the Home Place Well. However, the site is the
Home Place Well, in which both radiological and chemical
contamination were detected.
The wells are installed in the Passaic Formation (previously
called the Brunswick Formation) at depths varying between 300 and
600 feet. The Passaic Formation is one of nine formations that
make up the Newark Supergroup in New Jersey. Together, these
formations make up the Newark Basin structure. The Lodi
municipal well field is located on the northeast flank of the
basin where beds dip gently toward the northwest border fault.
The Passaic Formation extends to a depth of approximately 3,000
feet in the vicinity of the site. It consists predominantly of
red siltstones, sandstones and conglomerates, with beds of gray
and black mudstone in the lower portion. Literature indicates
that uranium mineralization occurs within the Stockton and
Lockatong Formations of the Newark Basin and may also be
prevalent in lower portions of the Passaic Formation.
The Passaic Formation is an important aquifer. Domestic,
industrial and municipal supply wells of depths to 600 feet tap
this unit. Well yields range from 15 gallons per minute (gpm) to
more than 500 gpm. Regional ground water flow is from the
northeast to the southwest along the regional strike of bedding.
SITE HISTORY AND ENFORCEMENT ACTIVITIES
From the early 1900s to the beginning of the 1980s, the Lodi
Water Department supplied potable water for the majority of the
Borough's residential and commercial water needs from a series of
municipal wells which tapped the bedrock aquifer. The first of
these, the Arnot Street Well, was installed in 1923; the eleventh
and last, the Home Place Well, was installed in 1965. Besides
the Arnot Street Well and Home Place Well, other existing and
former Lodi municipal wells are located at Columbia Avenue,
Garfield Avenue, Corabelle Avenue, Kimmig Avenue (four wells;
Kimmig Avenue Number 4, Kimmig Avenue Number 5, Kimmig Avenue
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Number 6, and Kimmig Avenue Number 7), Lawrence Avenue, and
Terrace Avenue. The Corabelle Avenue and Kimmig Avenue Number 6
wells were abandoned shortly after construction because of
inadequate water production, leaving nine wells at seven
locations. In addition to the eleven municipal wells,
production, and monitoring wells are located throughout the
Borough of Lodi and in surrounding communities. However, as
indicated above, the Home Place Well is of particular concern
because of the presence of both radiological and chemical
contamination.
During April 1981 and October 1981, water samples were obtained
from several wells and analyzed for volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
and Energy (NJDEPE). Elevated VOCs exceeding the NJDEPE
standards for potable water were detected in the Arnot Street and
Garfield Avenue Wells resulting in the closure of these wells.
In December 1982, NJDEPE instructed the Borough of Lodi to
implement a treatment system for the contaminated wells by the
end of 1984 if the Arnot Street and Garfield Avenue wells were to
be brought back into service, and if the Kimmig Avenue Number 4
Well was to continue operating. The Borough responded that
treatment alternatives would be evaluated. Meanwhile,
contaminant levels in the Arnot Street Well declined, allowing
the well to be placed back into service in January 1983.
As part of an investigation of the Maywood Chemical Company
Superfund site (located approximately two miles north of the
Borough of Lodi), NJDEPE sampled the Home Place, Garfield Avenue,
Kimmig Avenue, and Lawrence Avenue wells in 1983 to evaluate
their possible contamination by radionuclides that may have
migrated from the Maywood Chemical Company site (a discussion of
the nature of radionuclides is provided below). Except for the
Home Place Well, where elevated radiological activity was
detected, no radiological contaminants were detected above
federal water quality standards. Consequently, the Home Place
Well was closed in December 1983.
In October 1984, the site was proposed for inclusion on the
National Priorities List (NPL) of Superfund sites. The site was
added to the NPL in May 1985.
In June 1985, a tap water sample collected from a local business
by the Lodi Water Department was found to contain VOCs including
tetrachloroethylene (PCE), trichloroethylene (TCE), and carbon
tetrachloride. Subsequent sampling by NJDEPE confirmed the
presence of VOCs which led to the sampling of the seven operating
Lodi wells. The elevated levels of VOCs, coupled with the
adoption of more stringent standards for VOCs in drinking water,
prompted the closure of all of the Lodi municipal wells in April
1986, except for the Terrace Avenue Well. However, on June 1,
1987, this well was also closed due to elevated levels of PCE.
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Water for the Borough is currently being supplied by the
Hackensack Water Company and the Passaic Valley Water Commission.
HIGHLIGHTS OF COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION
The remedial investigation (RI) report and the Proposed Plan for
the site were released to the public for comment on July 15,
1993. These documents were made available to the public in the
administrative record file at the information repository at the
Lodi Memorial Library, located at One Memorial Drive, Lodi, New
Jersey, and at the EPA Docket Room in Region II, 26 Federal
Plaza, New York, New York. The notice of availability for the
above-referenced documents was published in The Record on July
15, 1993 and July 17, 1993. The public comment period associated
with these documents was held from July 15, 1993 to August 14,
1993.
On July 20, 1993, EPA conducted a public meeting at the Lodi
Municipal Building, to inform local officials and interested
citizens about the Superfund process, to present the conclusions
of the RI, to elaborate further on the reasons for recommending
the preferred remedy, and to respond to any questions from area
residents and other attendees.
Responses to the comments received at the public meeting and in
writing during the public comment period are included in the
Responsiveness Summary, which is part of this Record of Decision
(ROD).
This decision document presents the selected remedial action for
the Lodi Municipal Well site, chosen in accordance with the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability
Act (CERCIA), as amended by the Superfund Amendments and
Reauthorization Act of 1980, and, to the extent practicable, the
National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan
(NCP). The selection of the remedy for this site is based on the
administrative record.
SCOPE AND ROLE 07 REMEDY
This ROD focuses on EPA's selection of a remedy for the entire
Lodi Municipal well site. Based on the results of the RI report,
public comments, and other information in the administrative
record, a no action response has been selected for the Lodi
Municipal Well site. No further activities are planned for the
site.
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BDKWUIY 07 SITE CHARACTERISTICS
RI SUMMARY
The RI for the Lodi Municipal Well site was conducted in two
phases. The purpose of the first phase was to characterize the
nature, extent, and origin of radioactive and chemical
contamination of the Hone Place Well that had been detected and
reported by NJDEPE. This work was undertaken in the summer and
fall of 1988, and the results were documented in December 1989.
Organic and inorganic contaminants detected in ground water at
the site were found at levels consistent with background
conditions in the area. Ground water in the vicinity of the cite
flows in a southwesterly direction. The results of the
investigation were inconclusive with regard to the determination
of the nature of the radionuclide contamination. However, the
results did confirm the presence of elevated levels of
radionuclides in the Home Place Well. This led to the initiation
of a supplemental investigation to determine the source of
radionuclides in the Home Place Well; in particular, whether the
radionuclides were naturally occurring within the bedrock aquifer
or derived from contamination migrating from the Maywood Chemical
Company site.
The following discussion of the nature of radionuclides is
provided to facilitate the reader's understanding of the findings
of the RI. A summary of the first phase and supplemental RI
follows.
NATURE OF RADIONUCLIDES
A radionuclide is an element that radioactively "decays" into
another element through natural processes. Radionuclides are
present in trace amounts in all rocks and soils and consist
primarily of elements of the uranium-238 and thorium-232 decay
series. When radionuclides decay, they emit energy in the form
of radiation. The decaying radionuclide is often called the
"parent", and the radionuclide that is produced by the
transformation is referred to as the decay product, or the
"daughter". The rate at which radionuclides decay is measured by
the unit Curie (Ci), which is equal to 2.22 X 10U (2.22 trillion)
radionuclide disintegrations per minute. A more convenient unit
for expressing environmental radioactivity is the picoCurie
(pCi), which is equal to 1 X 10'u (one trillionth) Ci.
Because each radionuclide decays at a specific rate under natural
conditions, the radionuclides in a decay series are distributed
in relatively fixed proportions. This is referred to as
equilibrium. If man has in some way altered the material (for
example, through commercial extraction of thorium or radium from
ore), the proportions of radionuclides in the material will vary
from equilibrium. This would indicate that the material is not
in its natural state. On the other hand, proportions which are
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in equilibrium are indicative of naturally occurring radio-
nuclides. Figure 2 illustrates the uranium-238 and thorium-232
radioactive decay series. This figure illustrates the extensive
breakdown process associated with these elements.
FIRST PHASE RI
The first phase of the RI included the sampling of ground water
and soil in the vicinity of the Home Place Well, as well as
sampling of the Saddle River sediments and surface water. The
samples were analyzed for chemical and radiological parameters.
The findings of the initial RI are as follows:
VOCs, including PCE, TCE, 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA),
chloroform, and 1,2-dichloroethane, were detected in
municipal and private wells above federal or state Maximum
Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for drinking water. PCE, with an
MCL of 1 part per billion (ppb), was found at concentrations
ranging from 0.26 to 56 ppb. TCE, with an MCL of 1 ppb, was
found at concentrations ranging from 0.38 to 3 ppb. Chloro-
form was detected at 0.45 to 2 ppb; 1,2-dichloroethane, with
an MCL of 2 ppb, was measured at 5 to 69 ppb. The typical
concentrations of total VOCs detected ranged from 5 to 20
ppb (see Tables 1*3).
VOCs were detected in thirteen wells sampled over an area
covering about two square miles. The generally elevated VOC
levels in the Lodi wells were found to be consistent with
background levels found in the area. No definite pattern of
VOC contamination was evident, nor could a plume of ground
water contamination be delineated. Therefore, the presence
of the VOCs appears to be a common problem in the area and
attributable to unknown sources. In addition to VOCs, all
ground water samples were analyzed for metals. The
concentrations of metals, including mercury and selenium,
were generally consistent with background levels, with no
clear pattern as to their distribution. Mercury, detected
at the Columbia Avenue Well at 2.6 ppb was the only metal
compound that exceeded its respective MCL (2 ppb) (see
Tables 1 and 2).
Soil samples were collected from surficial fill near the
Home Place Well and from a soil boring adjacent to the Home
Place Well (see Tables 4 and 5). Samples analyzed from the
surficial fill were found to have slightly elevated
concentrations of semivolatile organic compounds such as
naphthalene, 2-methylnaphthalene, and acenaphthene.
However, since these compounds were not found in water
samples from the Home Place Well, the semivolatile organic
compounds do not appear to have any significant impact on
the ground water. The only compound detected in the samples
analyzed from the soil boring was bis(2-ethylhexyl)
.5
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ph thai ate at low concentrations. VOCs were not detected in
the surficial fill or soil boring samples. Radionuclide
concentrations in the surficial fill and soil boring samples
were consistent with background levels typical of soil in
northern New Jersey: (uraniua-238 was detected at
concentrations of less than 2.3 picoCuries per gram (pci/g)
to 6.4 pCi/g; thorium-232 was detected at concentrations of
0.58 to 1.1 pCi/g; and radium-226 was detected at
concentrations of 0.42 to 0.87 pCi/g).
The bedrock aquifer in the vicinity of the cite discharges
to the Saddle River. A total of five surface water samples
were obtained along the Saddle River (see Figure 3). Four
samples were taken at individual river locations, and a
duplicate sample was taken at the fourth location. The VOCs
which were detected included methylene chloride, toluene,
PCE, 1,2-dichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, chlorobenzene,
carbon disulfide, and TCE. These compounds were found at
levels below MCLs. The metals detected included aluminum,
barium, cadmium, copper, magnesium, manganese, potassium,
silver, sodium, and zinc. Generally, the concentrations of
metals varied only slightly from the upgradient to the
downgradient samples in the study area, with some compounds
shoving a slight increase in concentration, and some a
slight decrease. No semivolatiles were found in the surface
water samples (see Table 6). Radionuclides were detected at
very low levels, indicative of background conditions,
ranging from 0.3 pCi per liter (pCi/1) to 0.7 pCi/1.
Sediment samples were taken at the same locations along the
Saddle River as the surface water samples (see Figure 3).
Chlorobenzene was the only VOC detected. It was detected at
two locations at concentrations of 15 and 17 ppb. Metals
detected in the sediments were aluminum, barium, beryllium,
cadmium, calcium, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese,
nickel, potassium, vanadium, and zinc. As with the surface
water samples, metals were detected at all upgradient or
background sample locations and the concentrations detected
varied only slightly from downgradient concentrations.
Thirteen semivolatile compounds were detected, but only two
compounds, fluoranthene and pyrene, were detected at all
four sample locations. The pattern of semivolatile
compounds in the river did not indicate a readily
identifiable source or sources of contamination. For
example, chrysene, benzo(a)anthracene, and
benzo(k)fluoranthene were detected at three locations.
Acenaphthene, dibenzofuran, fluorene, and anthracene were
detected at two locations (see Table 7). Low levels of
radiological activity, ranging from 0.2 pCi/g to 0.5 pCi/g,
were detected in the river sediment. All radionuclides
detected were well within normal background ranges. The
uranium-238 parent and decay product radionuclides, uranium-
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238, uraniua-234, thorium-230 and radium-226, were in
equilibrium at each location. Similarly, thorium-232,
radium-228 and thorium-228 were also in equilibrium. This
would indicate that the materials are naturally occurring.
There was no apparent correlation between the concentrations
of specific compounds in surface water or sediment and those
in the ground water.
Two discrete ground water samples obtained from the Home
Place Well at a well depth of 485 to 495 feet were found to
exceed the federal MCL of 5 pCi/1 (Ra 226 and Ra 228,
combined) for radionuclides in drinking water. Radiological
levels in these samples were measured at 41 and 31 pCi/1
(see Table 8).
SUPPLEMENTAL RI
One of the objectives of the initial RI was to evaluate whether
the elevated radionuclide concentrations in the Home Place Well
could have been due to the migration of contaminants from the
Mayvood Chemical Company site. However, the results of the
initial RI proved inconclusive with respect to the elevated
radionuclide concentrations. Therefore, a supplemental RI was
conducted.
A two-pronged approach was developed in the supplemental RI to
determine whether radionuclides in the Home Place Well were
transported from the Mayvood Chemical Company site or were
naturally occurring. The approach involved: 1) a study of the
rare-earth elements (REEs) (the abundant metallic elements of
atomic number 57 through 71 on the periodic table of elements),
and 2) a comparison of uranium, thorium, and radium isotopes.
Ratios of REE concentrations act as geochemical tracers that can
be used to identify relationships among samples. In this case,
the REEs were used to determine if the radionuclides migrated
from the Mayvood Chemical Company site in ground water. Ratios
of radioactive isotopes were examined to determine equilibrium
relationships among samples. Samples from a particular medium
that have very different degrees of equilibrium would be expected
to have different origins.
As previously described, the relative amounts, or ratios, of
these elements would not be the same in the natural environment
as they would be in material that had been processed. In the
natural environment, the ratios of elements would be relatively
constant, reflecting an equilibrium condition among the uranium,
thorium and radium isotopes. These ratios would be substantially
different for process-waste materials such as those which might
be found at a thorium-processing facility, such as the Mayvood
Chemical Company site. At such a facility, thorium in process
waste material would be expected to be found at lower than
naturally occurring levels, since the extraction process removes
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thorium from the ore at a much greater rate than would occur
under the natural decay process. By comparing the
characteristics of the Lodi geologic area to the relative levels
of the elements in both naturally occurring and process-waste
situations, a determination could be made of the nature of the
radionuclide materials found at the Home Place Well.
Samples were collected from four media: ground water, ground
water filter residue (the suspended particulate material in
ground water collected when filtered during campling), bedrock,
and Mayvood process-waste material (see Figure 4). These samples
were collected for analysis from three general areas: the Lodi
site; upgradient, or background, locations; and the Maywood
Chemical Company site. Besides the Home Place Well, ground water
samples were taken from eight other wells. These wells included
the Kimmig Avenue Number 4 and Garfield Avenue wells, which are
located in between the Home Place Well and the Maywood Chemical
Company site (see Figure 5); the Artesian Well in Rochelle Park,
Paramus Number 2, and Westwood Well, which are located upgradient
of the Home Place Well and the Maywood Chemical Company site (see
Figure 6}; and three monitoring wells (MISS-6A, MISS-6B and KISS-
SB) at the Mayvood Chemical Company site. In addition, samples
were taken of the local rock outcrops (see Figure 7). Table 9
describes the type of sampling conducted at each location. The
combined results support the following conclusions:
• Filtered ground water samples from the Lodi municipal wells
(including Home Place), the Maywood monitoring wells, the
Artesian Well, Paramus Number 2 Well, and Westwood Well,
which are upgradient of Maywood and the Home Place Well, did
not show thorium in concentrations above the analytical
detection limit of 0.1 ppb. However, thorium was measured
in unfiltered ground water samples in these wells at levels
ranging from less than 0.1 ppb to 0.4 ppb. Table 10 shows
thorium concentrations (and other elements) detected in the
ground water samples. The detection of thorium in the
unfiltered samples can be attributed to the thorium
contained in suspended particles. These suspended particles
were likely left behind on the filter from the filtered
ground water samples.
The concentrations of thorium in the Home Place Well rock
samples (5.5 to 13.1 parts per million (ppm); average 8.8
ppm) were consistent with those found in the local rock
outcrop samples (7.4 to 9.7 ppm; average 8.8 ppm), i.e.,
background samples, and were much higher than those found in
the Maywood waste samples (0.2 to 3.3 ppm; average 1.4 ppm)
(see Tables 11 and 12).
• The relative amounts, or ratios, of lanthanum/thorium
(La/Th), phosphorous/thorium (Ph/Th), and zirconium/thorium
(Zr/Th), were relatively consistent for the Home Place Well
rock samples and local rock outcrop samples [(La/Th 3.4),
8
-------
(P/Th 53.8), and (Zr/Th 10.9)], but are substantially
different from those found in the Maywood waste samples
[(La/Th 1.1), (P/Th 3,820), and (Zr/Th 4.6)] (see Figures 8-
10). This implies that the materials found in the Home
Place Well samples are not derived from the Maywood wastes,
but rather are naturally occurring in the area (see Figure
11).
Discrete uranium-bearing minerals were found in the sidewall
core samples from the Home Place Well. One sidewall core
sample taken at a depth of 491.3 feet in the Home Place Well
had a uranium concentration of 3,170 ppm (see Table 11).
This provided physical evidence that the high concentrations
of uranium found in the rock in the Home Place Well result
from naturally occurring radionuclides within the bedrock
and could not have resulted from deposition of contaminants
from an upgradient source.
Uranium concentrations were found to be three orders of
magnitude higher in ground water collected from the Home
Place Well (filtered: 124 to 552 ppb; unfiltered: 126 to 611
ppb) than in ground water collected from the Maywood
monitoring wells (filtered: 0.1 to 2.2 ppb; unfiltered: 0.1
to 3 ppb). While the concentrations of uranium found in the
Home Place Well were unusually high, ground water samples
from the Newark Basin structure, in general, are known to
have naturally high concentrations of uranium, ranging from
0.3 to 120 ppb (see Table 10 and Figure 12). Comparisons of
uranium concentrations in filtered and unfiltered ground
water samples suggest that uranium is considerably more
likely to be dissolved in the ground water environment than
would thorium or the rare-earth elements. This, in turn,
means that uranium is more likely to migrate through ground
water movement than would the thorium or rare-earth
elements. However, the uranium concentrations found in the
ground water at Maywood (filtered and unfiltered) are
extremely low, which makes it an unlikely source of the
contamination at the Home Place Well. Rather, the high
concentrations of uranium that occur naturally in the rock
surrounding the Home Place Well are believed to be
responsible for the high uranium levels in the ground water
samples obtained from the well.
The uranium series isotope analysis further supports the
conclusion that the high concentrations of uranium found in
the Home Place Well are naturally occurring. The ground
water samples collected from the Maywood wells, both
filtered and unfiltered, are enriched with uranium-234
relative to thorium-230 and uranium-238. Therefore, if
accumulation of uranium contained in ground water from
Maywood, e.g., via accumulation of colloidal or suspended
material, were responsible for the tigh uranium
-------
concentrations in the Home Place Well, there would be excess
uranium-234 in the sidevall core samples from the Home Place
Well. However, this is not the case. The Home Place
sidewall core samples have uranium-234/thorium-230 ratios
(1.05 to 1.21) that are very close to equilibrium (see Table
13 and Figure 13).
Most of the sidewall cores also have uranium-234/uranium-238
ratios near equilibrium (0.90 to 1.06). One sample,
however, from a depth of 490.8 feet (the zone with the
highest uranium concentration), is slightly deficient in
uranium-234, with a uranium-234/uranium-238 ratio of 0.69
(see Table 13). The extremely high concentrations found in
the rocks of this zone suggest that uranium leaching from
these rocks is most likely responsible for the high
concentrations of uranium found in the ground water in the
Home Place Well. Because uranium-234 is produced by alpha
decay of uranium-238, which damages the crystal structure,
it is more susceptible to leaching by ground water.
Therefore, the slight deficiency of uranium-234 in rocks
from this zone could be explained by preferential leaching.
In summary, the radionuclide contamination found in the Home
Place Well is not originating from the Maywood Chemical Company
site. The analytical results of the initial and supplemental
RIs, and other supporting information, indicate that the elevated
radiological levels in the Home Place Well are caused by
naturally occurring radionuclides within the bedrock aquifer. No
radiological waste materials were found to be present.
SUMMARY OF SITE RISKS
The results of the RI demonstrated that the chemical contaminants
found at and near the site are sporadic and regional in nature
and that the elevated radiological levels are a naturally
occurring phenomenon. Therefore, EPA conducted only a limited
characterization of site risks and only assessed human health
risks. Ecological risks were not assessed because there are no
known ecological receptors that will be in contact with the
contaminated ground water.
Human Health Risk Assessment
For the human health risk assessment, a reasonable maximum human
exposure was evaluated. A four-step process was utilized for
assessing site-related human health risks for a reasonable
maximum exposure scenario: Hazard Identification—identified the
contaminants of concern at the site based on several factors such
as toxicity, frequency of occurrence, and concentration;
Exposure Assessment—estimated the magnitude of actual and/or
potential human exposures, the frequency and duration of these
exposures, and the pathways (e.g., ingesting contaminated well
10
-------
water) by which humans are potentially exposed; Toxieitv
Assessment—rdetermined the types of adverse health effects
associated with chemical exposures, and the relationship between
magnitude of exposure (dose) and severity of adverse effects
(response); and Risk Characterization—•w»p»'»r1 r*A and combined
outputs of the exposure and toxicity assessments to provide a
quantitative (e.g., one-in-a-million excess cancer risk)
assessment of site-related risks.
For risk assessment purposes, individual contaminants are
separated into two categories of health hazard depending on
whether they exhibit carcinogenic or noncarcinogenic effects.
For known or suspected carcinogens, federal guidelines for
acceptable exposures are an individual lifetime excess
carcinogenic risk in the range of 104 to 104, representing a
probability of approximately one in ten thousand to one in one
million that an individual could develop cancer due to exposure.
The noncarcinogenic effects (e.g., systemic effects) posed by
each contaminant are summarized as a "Hazard Index" (HI) for a
particular exposure pathway. The HI compares the chronic
exposure to a contaminant to a reference dose, the reference dose
being a measure, with many built-in safety factors, of a
contaminant's threshold for causing toxicity. Generally, only
Hazard Indices greater than 1 are identified with potential
adverse health effects.
The baseline risk assessment presented in the RI report was
conducted in 1988 as part of the Phase I RI. These risk
assessment results were also presented in the Proposed Plan for
the site. Many of the assumptions presented in that risk
assessment were overly conservative (i.e., not reflective, of the
reasonable maximum exposure case intended to be evaluated). For
example, the compounds that were selected as contaminants of
concern in the 1988 assessment represented the highest
concentrations found throughout the study area, and were not
necessarily representative of the contaminants found in the Home
Place Hell or any other municipal well. To better characterize
the risks posed by the Lodi Municipal Hell site, several of the
assumptions and conclusions of the 1988 assessment were re-
evaluated in 1993 using current guidance. A discussion of the
1988 risk assessment, as well as a discussion of the re-
evaluation, is presented below.
Organic contaminants of concern selected in the 1988 assessment
included chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, PCE, 1,1,1-TCA, and TCE;
inorganic contaminants included mercury and selenium; and
radionuclides included radium-226, thorium-228, thorium-230,
thorium-232, uranium-234, uranium-235, and uranium-238 (see
Table 14). Chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane, PCE, TCE and all
radionuclides are suspected or known human and animal
carcinogens.
•11
-------
The 1988 baseline risk assessment evaluated the health effects
which could result from exposure to contamination as a result of
ingestion of ground water, direct contact with ground water, and
ingestion of plants grown in a garden irrigated with ground
water. Because the wells were not in use, risks were only
estimated based on a hypothetical future-use scenario (see Tables
15 to 20).
In the 1988 risk assessment, the maximum carcinogenic risk for
non-radiological contaminants was calculated using a compilation
of worst-case conditions found anywhere in the area investigated.
The risk was calculated to be 3 X 10* (three in ten thousand),
which falls within the.upper end of EPA's acceptable risk range.
The primary contributors to this risk were PCE and 1,2-
dichloroethane (see Table 21). It should be noted that 1,2-
dichloroethane was detected in only three out of 16 samples taken
in the entire area of investigation and in only one of the five
samples taken from the Home Place Well. Of these five samples,
two discrete duplicate samples were taken at a depth of 485 to
495 feet; while 1,2-dichloroethane was detected in one sample at
a concentration of 69 ppb, it was not detected in the other.
The estimated risks posed by the presence of radionuclides in the
ground water in the Home Place Hell, the only well in which
elevated radionuclide concentrations were detected, exceeded
EPA's acceptable risk range of 1CT* to 104. The maximum
carcinogenic risk attributable to radionuclides in the Home Place
Well was estimated to be 3 X 104 (three in a thousand). In this
case, uranium-234 and uranium-238 present in the Home Place Well
ground water samples are the primary contributors to the risk
(see Table 22). As noted above, the radiological contamination
present in the well was determined to be naturally occurring.
Based upon the 1988 risk assessment, the maximum noncarcinogenic
risk estimate for all age groups exceeded EPA's reference HI of
1, and was calculated to be 26 (see Table 23). However, as in
the carcinogenic risk estimation, this calculation used the
maximum contaminant concentrations found within the area of
investigation. The primary contributors to the risk estimated
were mercury and selenium. Mercury, detected in 6 out of 14
samples, was only detected once above its MCL (2 ppb) at a
concentration of 2.6 ppb, and was only detected in the Home Place
Well at a concentration of 0.9 ppb. Selenium, which accounts for
92 percent of the HI of 26, was detected only once in 14 samples;
it was detected at the Home Place Well at a concentration of 28.6
ppb, above its 1988 MCL of 10 ppb, but well below its current MCL
of 50 ppb.
Selenium, with its lone detection of 28.6 ppb, was identified as
a contaminant of concern in 1988 because it exceeded the then-
current federal MCL. Given the fact that the MCL for selenium is
now 50 ppt, the compound might not be a contaminant of concern
-------
worthy of inclusion were the risk assessment being compiled
today. Under current guidance, selenium would likely have been
excluded based upon its limited frequency of detection (only 1 of
14 samples). In addition, the 1988 risk assessment calculated
and overall HI of 21 for selenium; 90 percent of that risk was
attributed to the ingestion of crops irrigated with selenium-
contaminated ground water. This was based upon highly unlikely
assumptions that a person would consume nearly one-half pound of
leafy vegetables per day from a garden irrigated with
contaminated water, for three months out of each year, over a 70-
year period (current guidance uses a 30-year exposure period).
Due to the highly conservative nature of the assumptions used for
the 1988 assessment, the noncarcinogenic risks associated with
contaminants in the Home Place Nell were recalculated in 1993
(see Table 24) to more closely reflect current EPA risk
assessment guidance. Selenium was the only contaminant
considered to be a contaminant of concern; the crop ingestion
pathway was not considered to be a relevant pathway. The
recalculated noncarcinogenic risk posed by ingestion of ground
water contaminated with selenium was found to be 0.068, far below
EPA's HI reference of 1 (since selenium was only detected in the
Home Place Well, if the HI were calculated for selenium
throughout the study area, the result would be the same). The
carcinogenic risks associated with the ingestion of ground water
from the Home Place Well were also recalculated. 1,2-
dichloroethane was the only carcinogenic compound considered to
be a contaminant of concern. The recalculated carcinogenic risk
was estimated to be 4.4 X 104 (4.4 in ten thousand) (see Table
25), which is at the high end of EPA's risk range, but considered
acceptable given the particular circumstances at this site.
In summary, many of the assumptions of the 1988 risk assessment
were overly conservative (i.e., not reflective of the reasonable
maximum exposure case intended to be evaluated). As such, they
did not portray the actual risk that would accrue to users of
ground water at the site. The critical pathway of concern at the
site is ingestion of ground water. Ingestion of ground water
from the Home Place Well poses an unacceptable risk due to the
presence of naturally occurring radiological compounds, but does
not pose an unacceptable risk from non-radiological compounds.
Uncertainties
The procedures and inputs used to assess risks in this
evaluation, as in all such assessments, are subject to a wide
13
-------
variety of uncertainties. In general, the main sources of
uncertainty include:
• environmental chemistry sampling and analysis
• environmental parameter measurement
• fate and transport modeling
• exposure parameter estimation
• toxicological data.
Uncertainty in environmental sampling arises in part from the
potentially uneven distribution of chemicals in the media
sampled. Consequently, there is significant uncertainty as to
the actual levels present. Environmental chemistry-analysis
error can stem from several sources including the errors inherent
in the analytical methods and characteristics of the matrix being
sampled.
Uncertainties in the exposure assessment are related to estimates
of hov often an individual would actually come in contact with
the chemicals of concern, the period of time over which such
exposure would occur, and in the models used to estimate the
concentrations of the chemicals of concern at the point of
exposure.
Uncertainties in toxicological data occur in extrapolating both
from animals to humans and from high to low doses of exposure, as
well as from the difficulties in assessing the toxicity of a
mixture of chemicals. These uncertainties are addressed by
making conservative assumptions concerning risk and exposure
parameters throughout the assessment. As a result, the risk
assessment provides upper-bound estimates of the risks to
populations near the site, and is highly unlikely to
underestimate the actual risks related to the site. In this
particular case, the risk estimates are considered to be highly
conservative.
More specific information concerning public health risks,
including a quantitative evaluation of the degree of risk
associated with various exposure pathways, is presented in the
administrative record.
STATUTORY DETERMINATIONS
Section 104 of CERCLA provides limitations on response actions
and directs that no remedial action be taken in response to a
release or threat of release of a naturally occurring substance
in its unaltered form, or altered solely through naturally
occurring processes or phenomena, from a location where it is
naturally found. A response can only be authorized if the
presence of the naturally occurring substance constitutes a
public health or environmental emergency and no other entity
will respond in a timely manner. The radionuclides present at
14
-------
the Lodi Municipal Well site have been determined to be naturally
occurring and, since the veil is no longer being used for water
supply purposes, an emergency does not exist. Therefore, EPA
does not have the authority under CERCLA to address the
radiological contamination at the site.
Remedial action is not necessary to ensure protection of human
health and the environment from non-radiological compounds at the
Lodi Municipal Well site since the concentrations of those
compounds in the ground water at the well do not pose an
unacceptable risk given the circumstances at the site. However,
because ground water in the area has been found to contain
sporadic contamination that is regional in nature, EPA recommends
that the ground water not be used for potable water supply
purposes without appropriate treatment.
The Borough of Lodi currently obtains potable water through
private water supply companies. The Lodi Municipal Well is not
utilized as a source of potable water.
STATE ACCEPTANCE
The State of New Jersey has not yet established a final position
concerning the no action response for the Lodi Municipal Well
site.
DOCUMENTATION 0? SIGNIFICANT CHANGES
There are no significant changes from the preferred remedial
approach presented in the Proposed Plan.
15
-------
ffcUYWOOD SITE
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it
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-------
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-------
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• AM^UNQ LOCATIONS
-------
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-------
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-------
SCALE 1:100.000
• HOME PLACE WELL
• UPGRAD1ENT WE US
1
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U^CRADICNT WELL LOCATION
MAP
-------
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• P1 OUTCROP LOCATION
«ou*cr uses SOXES MIWTI SPUES: NTWAKK OUADRANCLE
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LODi MUNID^AL iOi *Tl
FIGURE 7
SAMSUNG LOCATION
MAP
-------
E
a.
45 TO
4000
35.00
30.00
25.00
20.00
. 1500
10.00
500
0.00
IWPHIC FI8CC
0.00
MPSMewi Cores
loo
4.00
0.00
1.00
10.00
12.00
Th (ppm)
U.S. tMVIPOMMCNTAl PflOUCTIOfl
1001 MUNICIPAL WtU SITt
nctme a
TM VS. IA
MATWOOO WASTES & MOMC PlACt POCKS
-------
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4.00 6.0D 8.00 10.00 1200 14.00
Tfi(ppm)
U.S.CNVIRONMCNTAl PROt CO ION
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9
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-------
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HAVWOOD WASTtS ft HOME PlACt HOCKS
-------
0.00
1000.00
2000.00
3000.00
4000.00
5000.00
U.S.
1001 MUNICIPAL WtH SITt
FIGURE 11
P/TH VS. IAJTM
MAYWOOO WASTtS & MOMC HACC
-------
r. 12
llOMUMIBM^m
-------
Rock, Waste & Filler Residue
2J4JJ/ won, Activity Rntios
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-------
TABLE 1
SUMMARY OF NON-RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS AT THE LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
GROUNDWATER
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCs) (ug/l)
Detected Compound
1 ,1 ,1-Trichloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
1 ,1 ,2-Trlchloroethene
1 ,2-Dichloroetnylene
Tncnloroetnyiene
, Chlorometnane
4-Methy1-2-Pentanone
Carbon Tetrachlorlde
Acetone
r*ltlj-i*mi- uiuia
v>nioruivXTii
Methytene Chloride
Toluene
1 ,2-Dfchtoropropane
1 ,2-Dtehtoroethane
Carbon DteulRde
Range (ug/l)
1-5b
0.26-56
2"
2-6*
0.38 - 3b
2
1.6"
0.7*
3-3,900"
0.45 - 2*
10
0.32 - 8*
6
5-69
3-17
Frequency
8/16
9/16
1/16
3/16
7/16
3/16
1/16 .
1/16
4/16
5/16
1/16
4/16
1/16
3/16
3/16
Federal
MCLs (ug/l)
200
5
'
70
5
-
-
5
•-
100-
5
1,000
5
5
-
NJ State
MCLs (ug/l)
26
1
.
10
1
•
-
2
-
iorr
2
-
-
2
-
NJ Groundwater
Quality
Standards (ug/l)
30
.4
-
10
1
30
400
0.4
700
6
-
1,000
0.5
0.3
-
a) Tola! Trihatometlanes (TTHMs) - the sum of the concentrations of bromodtebloromethane. ttlbrotnomethane (bromofomi),
dibromochloTomethane. and trteNoromethane (chloroform).
b) Some concentrations were estimated.
c) Compound was detected hi a blank.
• Standard/Criterion does not currently exist.
Note: Duplicate samples have been counted as Individual samples and Included N the data.
-------
TABLE 1 Continued
SUMMARY OF NON-RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS AT THE LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
GROUNDWATER
SEMI VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (0NAs) AND METALS (ug/l)
Detected Compound
Di-n-Octyl Phthalate
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
tBeryffium
.Cadmium
Calcium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Range (ug/l)
0.3b
61.9-6.340be
2.9 - 6.9"e
51 -387*
2.2"
6.5
22,400 - 92,300°
n.r
14.4 - 124be
28 - 13,400"
2.9 - 25*
8,120 - 56,100
15 - 140"
Frequency
1/9
2/14
6/14
12/14
1/14
1/14
14/14
1/14
9/14
12/14
9/14
14/14
13/14
Federal
MCLs (ug/l)
-
.
50
2,000
4
5
-
-
1,300
. •
15
.
-
NJ State
MCLs (ug/l)
-
-
50
2,000
-
5 .
-
-
1,300
-
15
-
-
NJ Groundwater
Quality
Standards (ug/l)
100
200
0.02
2,000
0.008
4
-
-
1,000
300
5
-
50
a) Total TrthalomeUanes (TTHMs) - the sum of the concentrations of bromodlcNoromethane. tribromotneth
dlbromocNorornethane. and tricHoromethane (chloroform).
b) Some conceiitiatluns were estimated.
c) Compound was detected In a blank.
• Standard/Criterion does not currently exist.
Note: Duplicate samples have been counted as Individual samples and Included In the data.
-------
TABLE 1 Continued
SUMMARY OF NON-RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS AT THE LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
GROUNDWATER
SEMI VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (BNAs) AND METALS (ug/l)
Detected Compound
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium •
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Range (ug/l)
0.3 - 2.6
34.8"
900 - 2,380"
28.6*
15*
13,600 - 66,200*
2.8 - 4.2*
4.5 - 22*
26-133*
Frequency
6/14
1/14
11/14
1/14
1/14
9/14
2/14
7/14
8/14
Federal
MCLs (ug/l)
2
100
-
50
-
-
2
-
-
NJ State
MCLs (ug/l)
2
.
-
50
-
-
'
-
•
NJ Groundwater
Quality
Standards (ug/l)
2
100
-
50
-
50,000
0.5
-
5,000
a) Total TiRiufumethanes (TTHMs) • tho sum of the concentratloiis of InomodteNorometnafw, tilbtuniGHiwHine (bromofonn),
dforomocHoromethane, and tricMoromethane (chloroform).
b) Some concentrations were estimated.
c) Compound was detected In a blank.
- Standard/Criterion does not currently exist
Note: Duplicate samples have been counted as Individual samples and Included hi the data.
-------
TABLE 2
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
SAMPLING ANALYSIS FOR GROUNDWATER SAMPLES
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCs) (ug/l)
Chemical Compound
Acetone
Methylene Chloride
2-Butanone
Vinyl Acetate
Benzene
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
1,2 Dichioroethane
1,2 Dichloropropane
Carbon Disulfide
Ethylbenzene
Bromodichloromethane
Dibromochloromethane
LMTrichloroethane
Tetrachloroethene
1,1^ Trichloroethene
1 ,2-Dichloroethene
Trichloroethene
Vinyl Chloride
4-Methy1-2-Pentanone
Chloromethane
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chloroform
Location
JaxCar
Wash
3
ND
R
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
17
ND
ND
ND
1
0.9'1'
ND
ND
0.8'"
ND
ND
2
ND
2
Klmmlg
*5
84
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.32"'
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.26"'
ND
ND
0.38(1>
ND
ND
ND
0.7">
0.45°'
Klmmlg
*4
R
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
R
1.7"'
ND
6.0"'
ND
ND
ND
R
ND
0.87"'
Amot
Street
ND
ND
R
ND
ND
0.84"1
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
0.43"'
ND
ND
3
-------
TABLE 2 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
SAMPLING ANALYSIS FOR GROUNDWATER SAMPLES
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCs) (ug/l)
Chemical Compound
Acetone
Methylene Chloride
2-Butanone
Vinyl Acetate
Benzene
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloropropane
Carbon Disulfide
Ethyl Benzene
Bromodichloromethane
Dibromochloromethane
1,1,1 Trichloroethane
Tetrachloroethene
1 ,1 ,2 Trichloroethene
1,2-Dichloroethene
Trichloroethene
Vinyl Chloride
4-Methy1-2-Pentanone
Chloromethane
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chloroform
Location
LAWRENCE AVENUE WELL
' @ 50' - 60'
NO
NO
NO
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
5
52
ND
ND -
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
@ 92' - 102'
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
6
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
gin
3B
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
@ 162' - 172'
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
5
56
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND • Denote:, that the compound was not detected in the sample.
R • Indicates the value was rejected.
(1) • Estimated value.
-------
TABLE 2 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SUE
SAMPLING ANALYSIS FOR GROUNDWATER SAMPLES
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCs) (ug/l)
Chemical Compound
.
Acetone
Methylene Chloride
2-Butanone
Vinyl Acetate
Benzene
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
Carbon Disulfide
Ethyl Benzene
Bromodichloromethane
Dibromochloromethane
1,1,1 Trichloroethane
Tetrachloroethene
1,l,2Trichloroethene
1,2-Dichloroethene
Trichloroethene
Vinyl Chloride
4-Methyl-2-Pehtanone
Chloromethane
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chloroform
Location
HOME PLACE WELL
@ 80' • 90'
ND
NO
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
@ 132' - 142'
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
8
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
@ 485' • 495'
ND.ND
ND.10
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.69
ND.6
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.2'1'
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND.ND
ND • Denotes thai the compound was not detected in the sample.
R - Indicates the value was rejected.
(1) • Estimated value.
-------
TABLE 2 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
SAMPLING ANALYSIS FOR GROUNDWATER SAMPLES
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOCs) (ug/1)
Chemical Compound
Acetone
Methytene Chloride
2-Butanone
Vinyl Acetate
Benzene
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloropropane
Carbon Disulfide
Ethyt Benzene
Bromodichloromethane
Dibromochloromethane
1,1,1 Trichloroethane
Tetrachloroethene
l,l,2Trichloroethene
1.2-Dichloroethene
Trichloroethene
Vinyl Chloride
4-Methyl-2-Pentanone
Chloromethane
Carbon Tetrachloride
Chloroform
Location
GARFIELD AVENUE WELL
@ 114' -124'
ND
ND
NO
ND
ND
ND
ND
5
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2f)
ND
ND
ND
2»
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
@ 198* - 208'
60
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
5
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
2n>
ND
ND
ND
2*1
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
@ 228' • 238'
3,900
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND
ND • Denotes that the compound was not detected in the sample.
R • Indicates the value was rejected.
(1) - Estimated value.
-------
TABLES
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
SAMPLING ANALYSIS FOR GROUNDWATER SAMPLES
METALS (ug/I)
Chemical Compound
Aluminum •
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Location
JaxCar
' Wash
ND
ND
6.9"'
Bi«
ND
ND
63,100
ND
R
ND
23d
2.9W
28,000
ND
ND
ND
ND
R
ND
R
4.2">
21W
83
Kimmlg
*5
ND
ND
ND
194«i)
ND
6.5
63,800
R
ND
R
8.320
25
8.120
208
. ND
ND
900"'
ND
R
R
ND
7.9"
R
Kimmlg
*4
ND
ND
4.7"'
R
ND
ND
69,100
R
ND
R
4,750
R
36.700
176
ND
ND
1.500'11
ND
R
40,800
ND
4.5"'
R
Amot
Street
ND
ND
ND
160"'
ND
ND
29,300
ND
ND
R
3.520
R
4.B80'11
499
ND
ND
1.200'1'
ND
R
16,900
ND
ND
R
Gibratter
Plastics
ND
ND
4.1"'
197'1'
ND
ND
55.700
ND
ND
24"'
ND
ND
29.200
38
ND
ND
ND
R
ND
R
ND
22"'
R
ND - Denotes that the compound was not detected in the
R - Indicates the value was rejected.
(1)- Estimated value.
(2) • Contaminant was also found in the blank.
sample.
-------
TABLE 3 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
SAMPLING ANALYSIS FOR GROUNDWATER SAMPLES
METALS (ug/1)
Chemical Compound
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Location
Fine
Organic
ND
NO
ND
ND
ND
ND
92,300
ND
ND
107"'
180
3.1"'
56.100
15
0.5
ND
2.380"'
ND
R
34.300
ND
ND
26
Home
Place
61.9"
ND
4.5"
71.8™*
ND
ND
22,400"'
ND
ND
ND
4.450"'
8.2
21,900"'
124(1)
0.9
ND
LSSO81
26.6"'
ND
18.900'11
ND
ND
133"'
MW-1
6.34011'
ND
2.9s1
139n)»
2.281
ND
64.800"'
66.3
11.7*
14.4*
10.800"'
7.0
8.990"'
700"'
ND
34.8B
2.630"'
ND
ND
66,200"'
ND
12-2*
91.4
Lawrence
Avenue
ND
ND
ND
371
ND
ND
68,000
ND
ND
R
1,180
R
26.300
787
ND
ND
1,300"'
ND
R
R
ND
10"'
R
Garfield
Avenue
ND
ND
ND
192"'
ND
ND
48,900
ND
ND
124"'
5.580
19
16.400
636
0.6
ND
1,830"'
ND
ND
25.400
ND
ND
00
ND • Denotes that the compound was not detected in the sample.
R - Indicates the value was rejected.
(1) • Estimated value.
(2)- Contaminant was also found in the blank.
-------
TABLE 3 Continued
LOD! MUNICIPAL WELL SUE
SAMPLING ANALYSIS FOR GROUNDWATER SAMPLES
METALS (ug/l)
Chemical Compound
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Location
Terrace/
McKinley
NO
NO
ND
89n>
ND
ND
54.700
ND
ND
104"'
6,550
16
17,000
259
0.6
ND
1,380'"
ND
ND
16,500
ND
ND
31
BASF
ND
ND
ND
387
ND
ND
45.100
ND
ND
SB'1'
13.400
8.4
38,800
102
0.3
ND
1.430'1'
ND
IS'11
13,600
ND
ND
29
GIbratter
Duplicate
ND
ND
4.8"'
193
R
ND
54.700
ND
ND
2oni
ND
ND
28,300
47
ND
ND
ND
R
ND
R
2.8'1'
19'1'
R
Columbia
Street
ND
ND
ND
99™
ND
ND
51,200
ND
ND
63
5.150
12
9.370
1.400
2.6
ND
1,370"'
ND
ND
16,700
ND
ND
42
ND • Denotes that the compound was not detected In the sample.
R • Indicates the value was rejected.
(1) - Estimated value.
(2)- Contaminant was also found In the blank.
-------
TABLE 4
SUMMARY OF CONTAMINANTS AT THE LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
SURFICIAL FILL AND MONITORING WELL SOIL SAMPLES
BNAs (ug/kg)
Detected Compounds
Naphthalene
2-methyInaphthalene
Acenaphthane
Dibenzofuran
Fluorene
Anthracene
Fluoranthene
Pyrene
Benzo(a)anthracene
Chrysene
bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
Benzo(b)f!uoranthene
Benzo(k)fluoranthene
Benzo(a)pyrene
lndeno(1 ,2,3-cd)pyrene
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
Benzo(g,h,i)perylene
Phenanthrene
Range"
42
120
730
580
930
1,900
5,800
4,500
2,500
2,500
200 • 210
1,800
1,500
1,900
1,100
350
910
5,800
Frequency*
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
2/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
1/4
Normal
Background
Soil Concentration
Range
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
a) Some concentrations were estimated.
b) Dragun, J., 1988.
c) Conner. J.J. and H.T. Shacklette. 1975.
•) Duplicate samples have been counted as Individual samples and are Included In the data.
-------
TABLE 4 Continued
SUMMARY OF CONTAMINANTS AT THE LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
SURFICIAL FILL AND MONITORING WELL SOIL SAMPLES
Metals (mg/kg)
Detected Compounds •
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Zinc
Range*
2,160 - 8,760
2.4 - 5.2
40-74
0.16 - 0.44
1.3
2,0?0 - 15,400
3.3 • 9.1
10-38
7,620 - 20,400
11 - 178
1,850-7,130
154-514
0.2
7.5 - 16
735
148
Frequency*
4/4
4/4
4/4
4/4
1/5
4/4
4/4
4/4
4/4
2/4
4/4
4/4
2/4
1/4
1/4
1/1
Normal
Background
Soil Concentration
Range
10,000-30,0000"
5-15"
100-3,500
< 1-7b
0.01-7"
100-400,000*
< 3-70e
2-1 00"
7,000-550,000"
3-30e
660-6,000"
100-4,000b
0.2-0.6C
4-30e
400-30,000b
10-300b
a) Some concentrations were estimated.
b) Oragun, J.. 1988.
c) Conner. J.J. and H.T. SnacWette. 1975.
•) Duplicate samples have been counted as Individual samples and are Included In the data.
-------
TABLE 5
LOD
METAL COMPO
Detected Compounds
(mg/kg)
Aluminum
Arsenic
Barium
Berylium
Calcium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Nickel
Potassium
1 MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
LJNDS DETECTED AT BOR
ING MW-1
Depth of Samples
8 • 12 feet
8,540
5.2P)
49
0.44
15,400
9.1(1)
30™
20,400
11
7,130
514
16
735<1)
14 - 25 feet
2,160, 2,560s'
2.40>, 2.5n<2)
37™, 40(1<2)
0.16™, 0.420*
10,800, 14mm
3.3(1), 3.B(1l2)
10M11C*
7,620, 9,020e)
ND
1,850, 2,490P)
242, 237P)
ND
ND
(1) Estimated value.
(2) Duplicate sample's concentration.
ND Not detected.
-------
TABLES
SUMMARY OF COKCTAMINANTS DETECTED AT THE LODI MUNICIPAL WELL
SURFACE WATER
Chemical Class
VOCs (ug/l)
BNAs (ug/l)
METALS (ug/l)
Detected Compounds
Methylene Choride
Toluene
Chlorobenzene
Carbon Disuffide
Tetrachloroethene
1,2-Dichloroethene
Trichloroethene
Vinyl Chloride
Di-n-Butyfphthalate
bis(2-Ethy!hexy!)Phthalate
Phenanthrene
Fluoranthrene
Pyrene
Aluminum
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Copper
Iron
Magnesium
Manganese
Potassium
Sflver
Sodium
Zinc
Range
1-7
0.41 - 1
2-3
0.41 • 1"
1
14-16
1 -2
3'
4"
4 - H*"
790*
1.200'
550
70*
71-78"
1
6.6-6
18-231
370 - 540
12,900 - 13,800
71 - 129
3,520 - 3,790"
100
36,300 • 43.700
9.9
Frequency*
«/6
3/6
2/6
2/6
3/6
2/6
2/6
1/6
1/6
6/6
1/6
1/6
1/6
1/5
5/5
1/5
2/5
4/5
3/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
1/5
5/5
1/5
a) Some concentrations were estimated.
b) Contaminant was also found In the blank.
• Duplicate samples have been counted as individual samples and are included in the data.
-------
TABLET
SUMMARY OF CONTAMINANTS DETECTED AT THE LODI MUNICIPAL WELL
SADDLE RIVER SEDIMENTS
Chemical Class
VOCs (ug/kg)
BNAs (ug/kg)
METALS (mg/kg)
Detected Compounds
Chlorobenzene
Phenanthrene
Ruoranthene
Pyrene
Acenaphthene
Dibenzofuran
Ruorene
Anthracene
Chrysene
Benzo(a)Anthracene
Benzo(b)Ruoranthene
Benzo(k)Ruoranthene
2-Methylnaphthalane
Benzo(a)pyrene
Aluminum
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Nickel
Potassium
Vanadium
Zinc
Range
is -IT*
42-790'
97-1,300'
43-550
39-51'
23 -32*
71'
110-120"
120-460'
76-330*
75 - 270'
100-400*
16-
79-300'
1,330 - 3,090
13-51'
0.3s
0.9 - 1.6*
387-9,190'
4.7 - 33'
3.050 - 13,700
7.1-222'
519-3,360'
38-180
6.6-7.3'
286 • 521*
6-29*
86-122
Frequency"
2/5
4/5
5/5
5/5
2/5
2/5
2/5
2/5
3/5
3/5
3/5
3/5
1/5
2/5
5/5
5/5
2/5
4/5
5/5
5/5
5/5
4/5
5/5
5/5
3/5
6/5
3/5
3/5
a)
•
Some concentrations were estimated.
Duplicate camples have been counted as individual samples and are Included In the data.
-------
TABLE 8
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
RADIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS DETECTED IN GROUNDWATER
Sample Location
Bulk Sample
Jax Car Wash
Glbralter Plastics
Qlbratter Plastics
(Duplicate)
KniNiny ^4
Amot Street
Fine Oiyaitfcs
BASF
GarfleM Avenue
Terrace/McKlnley
avenue
Columbia Avenue
KhimMy f5
Lawrence Avenue
MW-1
Home Place
Gross
Alpha
(PCI/I)
11 * 4
33*8
28A0
0*6
15*8
0*6
27*5
0*3
0*6
0*5
0*7
0*4
0*6
49*6
Gross
Beta
(pCI/l)
12 t 4
13*4
19* 3
0*4
0*7
8*3
40*4
5*3
0*5
23*3
0*4
5*4
6*5
42*7
U-238
(pCI/l)
7.4 * 0.6
15 t 1
18.3 * 0.7
2*0.3
24*2
3.5 * 0.2
26*2
0.6 * 0.2
0.6 * 0.1
0*0.2
0*0.2
2.7 * 0.3
0.7 * 0.2
28*0.2
U-235
(PCI/I)
0.3 * 0.2
0.8 t 0.2
0.7 * 0.2
0 * 0.2
1.1 * 0.4
0*0.2
1.2 * 0.3
0*0.2
9*02
0*0.2
0*0.2
0.3 * 0.2
0*0.2
1.2 * 0.2
U-234
(pa/i)
12.4 * 0.8
24*1
23*1
4.5 * 0.4
23*2
6*0.5
8*2
0.8 * 0.2
1*0.2
0.3 * 0.2
0.5 * 0.2
5.6 * 0.5
0.8 * 0.2
41 * 2
Th-230
(PCI/I)
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
Ra-226
(pci/n
0.2 * 0.1
0.2 * 0.1
0.8*0.1'
0*0.1
0.3 * 0.1
0*0.1
1.8 * 0.2
0.3 * 0.1
0.2 * 0.1
0.2 * 0.1
0.4 * 0.1
0.4 * 0.1
0.5 * 0.1
1.5 * 0.2
Th-232
(PCI/1)
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0 * 0.2 .
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0.3 t 0.2
0*0.2
Ra-228
(pCI/l)
0*1
0* 1
0*1
0* 1
0*1
0*1
0* 1
0*1
0*1
0*1
0*1
0*1
0*1
0*1
Th-228
(pCI/l)
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
. 0.4 * 0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0.6 * 0.2
0.4 * 0.2
0*0.2
-------
TABLE 8 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
RADIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS DETECTED IN GROUNDWATER
Sample Location
Packer Sample
Lawrence Avenue @
50'- 60'
Lawrence Avenue ®
92' • 102'
Lawrence Avenue
©162'- 172'
Oarltold Avenue
@ 114'- 124'
Garltek) Avenue
@ 196* - 206*
Garflekf Avenue
@ 228* - 238*
Home Place
@ 80* - 90'
• • «•
Home Place
@ 132f - 142*
llome Place
@ 485' - 495*
Home Place
<5> 485' • 495'
(Duplicate)
Gross
Alpha
(PCI/I)
11 * 8
12*6
15 ft 8
0*6
7*5
29 ft 10
200ft 20
107 ft 10
950*7
1.050 ft 20
Gross
Beta
(PCI/I)
8*4
8*3
5*3
8*9
0*6
23*6
156*10
190*20
900 * 30
840* 10
U-238
(pCI/l)
Si 0.5
3.8 « 0.6
3.4 t 0.5
. 0.4 ft 0.2
0.3 ft 0.2
0.3 < 0.2
73*5
82*4
440*20
400*30
U-235
(PCI/I)
0*0.2
0*0.2
0 ft 0.2
0*0.2
0 ft 0.2
0< 0.2
3.6 ft 0.5
5.3 ft 0.7
18*2
9*3
U-234
(PCI/I)
8.1 * 0.7
7.0 * 0.7
6.6 * 0.7
0.6 * 0.2
0.6 ft 0.2
1 ft 0.2
95*5
106 ft 5
800 ft 40
750*50
Tn-230
(PCI/I)
0*0.2
Oft 0.2
Oft 0.2
Oft 0.2
Oft 0.2
Oft 0.2
Oft 0.2
Oft 0.2
25*2
31 *3
Ra-226
(pCI/l)
0.2 * 0.1
0.3 * 0.1
0.5 * 0.2
3.4 * 0.2
2.2 ft 0.2
2 ft 0.2
3 ft 0.2
0.4 ft 0.1
41 ft 2
31 * 2
Th-232
(PCI/I)
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0.6 ft 2
Oft 0.2
Oft 0.2
Oft 0.2
0.5 ft 0.2
1.5 ft 0.5
Ra-228
(pCI/l)
0*1
0*1
0*1
0*1
0*1
0*1
2*1
0*1
0*1
0*1
Th-228
(PCI/I)
0*0.2
0*0.2
0*0.2
0.8 * 0.2
0*0.2
0.5 ft 0.2
Oft 0.2
0*0.2
4.1 * 0.8
5*0.8
-------
TABLE 9
LOOI MUNICIPAL WELL
SAMPLE LOCATION SUMMARY FOR THE PHASE d HI
Sample Location
LODI WELLS
Home Place Well
Garfleld Ave. Wed
KnTtfTHQ NO. 4 InWn
MAYWOOD SITE
MISS 6*0
Misses*7*
MISS SB*7*
• - _ . . ~.
Lagoon Areas/Burial Sites
BACKGROUND/UPGRADIENT
Paramus 2 Wed*"*8*
Local Outcrops*10*
Affected Media
Discrete
Groundwater*1)
X
X
X
X
Bulk
Groundwater**)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Filter
Residue*3)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Potential Source
Media
Rock*4)
X
X
Procesa
W.ste
X
(1) Discrete samples collected using straddle packer* to total* rams wHMn • wed.
(2) Bulk samples collected from welt without packers and therefore, represent entire screened portion of wed.
(3) Filter residue samples were collected from the filtration of ad groundwater samples where sufficient suspended sediment was present
(4) Collected by side-waft coring of the Home Place Well and from outcrops.
(5) Collected from sod borings within known disposal areas at the Maywood sfte.
(6) Discrete sampling using packers Is not feasible because of owner's pumping apparatus. Owner h) Hackensack Water Company.
(7) Monitoring wells at the Maywood Interim Storage Sfte. 'A' designates overburden well. *B* designates bedrock wafls.
(8) NJDEPE-DWR Permit No. 5107. Located approximately 4 miles north of the Maywood sHe.
(9) NJDEPE-DWR Permit No. 5068. Located approximately 6 miles northeast of the Maywood alto.
(10) Selected hi consultation with the New Jersey Geological Survey.
-------
TABLE 10
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
CONCENTRATIONS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS. URANIUM. THORIUM. PHOSPHORUS AND ZIRCONIUM
DETECTED IN GROUNDWATER
Sample Location
Sample Depth1"
Filtration*
Element Detected (ppb)
Lanthanum (La)
Cerium (Ce)
Neddymhim (Nd)
Samarium (Sm)
Europium (En)
Terbium (Tb)
Ytterbium (Yb)
Uranium (U)
Thorium (Th)
M- •_ m\
Phosphorus (P)
Zirconium (Zr)
HOME PLACE WELL
Bulk
Filtered
<0.1
0.1
<01
<0.1
-------
TABLE 10 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
CONCENTRATIONS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS. URANIUM. THORIUM. PHOSPHORUS AND ZIRCONIUM
DETECTED IN GROUNDWATER
Sample Location
Sample Depth01
Filtration"1
Element Delected (ppb)
Lanthanum (La)
Cerium (Ce) .
Neodymlum (Nd)
Samarium (Sm)
EuropWm (Eu)
Terbium (Tb)
Ytterbium (Yb)
Uranium (U)
Thorium (Th)
Phosphorus (P)
Zirconium (Zr)
GARFIELD AVENUE WELL
Bulk
Filtered
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<005
<0.1
<0.1
0.9
<0.1
35J
<0.5
Unflltered
< 0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
1
<0.1
55J
<0.5
114' -214*
Filtered
<0.1
< 0.1
<0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
<0.1
<0.1
1.5
< 0.1
< 10
< 0.5
Unflltered
< 0.1
< 0.1
<0.1
<0.1
< 0.05
<0.1
<0.1
0.6
<0.1
40J
<0.5
198* - 208'
Filtered
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
0.9
<0.1
22J
<0.5
Unflltered
0.1
0.2
0.2
<0.1
<0.05
< 0.1
<0.1
1
<0.1
562J
< 0.5
228' - 238'
Filtered
<0.1
< 0.1
<0.1
< 0.1
< 0.05
< 0.1
<0.1
0.6
<0.1
36J
<0.5
Unflltered
0.3
0.4
0.3
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
0.8
< 0.1
64J
0.7BJ
(1) Depth given Is for packer samples (feet). "Bulk" Indicates a representative sample from the entire well.
(2) Tittered" Indicates a 0.45 micron pore size filter.
J Estimated value.
B Compound detected In Wank.
-------
TABLE 10 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
CONCENTRATIONS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS. URANIUM, THORIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND ZIRCONIUM
DETECTED IN GROUNDWATER
Sample Location
Sample Depth'11
miration"
Element Detected (ppb)
Lanthanum (La)
Cerium (Ce)
MjuLjI.mihm fUMl
Neouymium p>Kj|
Samarium (Sm)
Europium (Eu)
Terbium (Tb)
Ytterbium (Yb)
Uranium (U)
Thorium (Th)
Phosphorus (P)
Zirconium (Zr)
KIMMIG WELL NO. 4
Bulk
Filtered
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
< 0.05
<0.1
<0.1
4.6
<0.1
<50
0.5
Unffltered
<0.1
< 0.1
<0.1
<0.1
< 0.05
<0.1
<0.1
4.6
<0.1
< 50
< 0.5
174' - 184f
Filtered
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
< 0.1
<0.1
4.6
< 0.1
< 50
0.5
Unflttered
<0.1
1.3
0.8
0.2
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
4.9
0.2
<50
1.6
230' - 240'
Filtered
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
5.4
<0.1
<50
<0.5
Unffltered
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
5.1
<0.1
< 50
0.6
(1) Depth given Is for packer samples (feet). 'Bulk'Indicates a representative sample
(2) THtered" Indicates a 0.45 micron pore size filter, from the entire wed.
J Estimated value.
-------
TABLE 10 Continued
CONCENTRATIONS OF RAF
BIJBKJJ^jEHIB8ptBM3BBMBjJ3t|MBCE^^3BPPB3MBBB3HjB
Sample Location
Sample Depth"1
Filtration*
Element Detected (ppb)
Lanthanum (La)
Cerium (Ce)
Neodymlum (Nd)
Samarium (Sm)
Europium (Eu)
Terbium (Tb)
Ytterbium (Yb)
Uranium (U)
Thorium (Th)
Phosphorus (P)
Zirconium (Zr)
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
IE EARTH ELEMENTS. URANIUM. THORIUM, PHOSPHORUS AND ZIRCONIUM
DETECTED IN GROUNDWATER
ARTESIAN COMPANY WELL
Bulk
Filtered
<0.1
0.1
< 0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
< 0.1
5.3
< 0.1
4.200J
2
Unffltered
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
< 0.05
<0.1
<0.1
4.6J
<0.1
17J
U
196' - 206*
Filtered
< 0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
5.4
< 0.1
14J
2
Unflltered
< 0.1
< 0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
4.8
< 0.1
140J
3J
230' - 240'
Filtered
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
5.9J
<0.1
430J
2
Unflltered
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
< 0.1
6.2
<0.1
320J
3J
(1) Depth given Is for packer samples (feet). "Bulk" Indicates a representative sample
(2) Tittered* Indicates a 0.45 micron pore size filter, from the entire wed.
J Estimated value.
-------
TABLE 10 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
CONCENTRATIONS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS. URANIUM. THORIUM. PHOSPHORUS AND ZIRCONIUM
DETECTED IN GROUNDWATER
Sample Location
Sample Depth"*
Filtration"1
Element Detected (ppb)
Lanthanum (La)
Cerium (Ce)
Neodymhim (Nd)
Samarium (Sm)
Europium (Eu)
Terbium (Tb)
Ytterbium (Yb)
Uranium (U)
Thorium (Th)
Phosphorus (P)
Zirconium (Zr)
MISS • 6A
Bulk
Filtered
0.4BJ
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
2.2
<0.1
469J
0.6
Unffltered
6.8
13.6
6.6
1.2
0.3
0.2
0.4
3
2.8
NA
11.4
MISS - 6B
Bulk
FWered
0.1BJ
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
662J
1.5
UnfKtered
3.8
7.7
5
1.1
0.27
0.1 .
0.4
0.3
1.1
NA
10.8
MISS • 5B
Bulk
Filtered
0.3BJ
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
562J
2.3
Unffltered
0.4BJ
0.8
0.4
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
0.2
0.1
0.2
NA
3.6
(1) Depth given b for packer samples (feet). "Bulk" Indicates a representative sample
(2) TRtered" Indicates a 0.45 micron pore size filter, from the entire well.
J Estimated value.
NA Sample was not analysed.
MISS Maywood Interim Storage Site. Maywood. New Jersey.
-------
TABLE 10 Continued
CONCENTRATIONS OF 1
- - - — ^— — - _____ __ _
Sample Location
Sample Depth"1
Filtration*
Element Detected (ppb)
Lanthanum (La)
Cerium (Ce)
Neodymlum (Nd)
Samarium (Sm)
Europium (Eu)
Terbium (Tb)
Ytterbium (Yb)
Uranium (U)
Thorium (Th)
Phosphorus (P)
Zirconium (Zr)
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
*ARE EARTH ELEMENTS. URANIUM. THORIUM. PHOSPHORUS AND ZIRCONIUM
DETECTED IN GROUNDWATER
Bulk
Filtered
0.2J
<0.1
< 0.1
<0.1
< 0.05
<0.1
<0.1
2.5
<0.1
< 100
O.GJ
PARAMUS WELL *2
Bulk
Unffltered
0.4
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
3.4J
< 0.1
123
1.2J
Bulk
(Duplicate)
Filtered
0.7J
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
< 0.05
<0.1
<01
2.3J
<0.1
NA
1.4J
Bulk
(Duplicate)
Unffltered
0.5
<0.1
0.2
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
31J
<0.1
NA
1.7J
WESTWOOD
Bulk
Filtered
0.2BJ
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
10.2
<0.1
< 100
1.1J
Bulk
Unffltered
1.8BJ
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
<0.1
11.1
<0.1
< 100
1.7J
(1) Depth given Is for packer samples (feet). "Bulk" Indicates a representative sample
(2) Tltered* Indicates a 0.45 micron pore size filter, from the entire wed.
J Estimated value.
B Compound found In blank.
NA Sample was not anlysed for this compound.
-------
TABLE 11
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
CONCENTRATIONS OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS. URANIUM. THORIUM. PHOSPHORUS AND ZIRCONIUM
DETECTED IN ROCK SAMPLES
Sample Location
Sample Depth"1
Elements Detected (ppm)
Lanthanum (La)
Cerium (Ce)
Neodymlum (Nd)
Samarium (Sm)
•
Europium (Eu)
Terbium (Tb)
Ytterbium (Yb)
Uranium (U)
Thorium (Th)
Phosphorus (P)
Zirconium (Zr)
Route 17 & 80
Surface
31.3
68.7
26.9
5.3
1.1
0.6
1.8
4.5
9.3
563
108
Surface
29.4
57.2
27
5.5
1.11
0.6
1.9
4.6
9.7
552
120
Home Place Well
73.8*
21.9
43.8
23.5
4.8
1.05
0.5
1.4
3.3
6
322
69.1J
136.5'
18.9
37.6
20.5
3.6
0.94
0.4
0.9
6.8
5.5
317
49.9BJ
257*
42.4
91.5
47.4
8.3
1.8
0.8
2.3
3.7
13.1
652
144
351.5*
35.6
71
34.4
6.4
1.26
0.7
2.1
5.5
11.3
548
161
491.3'
25.6
64.9
71.8
32.5
12.8
6.5
17.8
3170
8.3
453
61.8BJ
Wellington
Surface
29.3
57.6
27.2
5
0.96
0.5
,1.3
3
7.4
359
76
(1) Depth Is from ground surface (feet).
J Estimated value.
B Compound found hi laboratory blank.
-------
TABLE 12
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
CONCENTRATIONS OF RARE ELEMENTS, URANIUM, THORIUM,
PHOSPHORUS, AND ZIRCONIUM
DETECTED IN MAYWOOD WASTE SAMPLES
Sample Location
Sample Depth(1)
Element Detected (ppm)
Lanthanum (La)
Cerium (Ce)
Neondynium (Nd)
Samarium (Sm)
Europium (Eu)
Terbium CTb)
Ytterbium (Yb)
Uranium (U)
Thorium (Th)
Phosphorus (P)
Zirconium (Zr)
MISS SB-25
0'-2f
2.2
3.3
1.9
' 0.3
0.06
<0.1
0.2
4.3
3.3
14,000
2J
2'- 4'
*
0.7
1.2
0.6
< 0.1
<0.05
<0.1
< 0.1
0.9J
0.5
1,770
2J
2' -4'
Duplicate
0.7
1.3
0.6
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
< 0.1
1.2J
0.5
1,920
2J
MISS SB-12
3' -4'
0.4
0.6
0.2
<0.1
< 0.05
<0.1
< 0.1
1.2
0.2
783
2J
7' -8*
0.6
1
0.6
<0.1
<0.05
<0.1
< 0.1
1.2
2.3
8,230
U
(1) Depth is from ground surface at soil boring location.
J Estimated value.
MISS Maywood Interim Storage Site, Maywood, New Jersey.
-------
TABLE 13
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
URANIUM AND THORIUM ISOTOPIC DATA
GROUNDWATER
HOME PLACE WELL
Depth
(Feet)
485-495
485-495
132-142
132-142
00-90
60-90
Bulk
229-230
228-238
198-208
198-208
114-214
114-214
Th230/Th232
Atomic Ratio
6.447E-02
4.495E-04
1.509E-04
1.070E-04
9.095E-05
2.246E-04
8.119E-06
3.720E-05
1.130E-05
1.380E-05
3.212E-06
1.932E-05
5599E-08
t Z slgma
error
2.020E-04
4.940E-O8
2.920E-05
9.260E-O7
2.830C-06
3.340E-06
U234/U238
Atomic Ratio
9.900E-05
1.030E-04
6.110E4B
6.110E-O5
6.210E-05
6.330E-05
1.320E-O7
2.030E-O6
1.287E-O7
5.770E-06
2-397E-O7
1.105E-05
9.500E-O7
9.110E-05
1.018E-04
9.414E-05
9.140E-05
9.310E-05
1.000E-O4
9.860E-05
t 2 slgma
error
4.300E-08
1.000E-O8
2.220E-07
1.350E-07
1530E-07
1.600E-07
Th230/Th232
Activity Ratio
11.630.39
81.09
27.22
33.73
16.41
40.52
U234/U238
Activity Ratio
1.82
1.88
1.12
1.12
1.13
1.16
GARFIELD AVENUE
2.780E-07
1.700E-07
3.310E-07
1.230E-07
8.900E-07
2.860E-07
5.170E-07
1.46
6.71
2.04
2.49
0.58
3.49
1.01
1.66
1.86
1.72
1.67
1.70
1.83
1.80
U230/Th232
Activity Ratio*
6.23E+08
4.55E+03
6.58E+07
1.04E+04
1.34E+08
3.38E+03
U234/Th230
Activity Ratio*
1.29E+03
1.06E+02
2.70E+06
3.44E+02
9.23E406
9.65E+01
6.11E+02
1.89E+05
2.47E+02
1.79E+05
2.97E+02
2.98E+05
2.24E+03
6.94E+02
5.25E+04
2.09E+02
1.20E+05
8.70E+02
1.56E+05
3.98E*03
NO
Calculared using U and Th concentrations determined by ICP-MS or by Isotope dilution when conceirtraflona were at or below ICP-MS detedon nmfts.
Not determined due to Insufficient thorium concentration.
-------
TABLE 13 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
URANIUM AND THORIUM ISOTOPIC DATA
GROUNDWATER
Depth
(Feet)
230-240
230-240
174-184
174-184
Th230/Th232
Atomic Ratio
1.992E-05
NO
1.840E-05
4.113E-05
t 2 elgma
error
4.760E-06
ND
6.510E-08
2-360E-07
U234/U238
Atomic Ratio
1.160E-04
1.140E-04
9.710EO5
9.550E4B
KIMMIG NO. 4 WELL
t 2 sigma
error
2.570E-07
1.460E-07
1.150E-07
2.990E-07
Th230/Th232
Activity Ratio
3.59
ND
3.32
7.42
U234/U238
Activity Ratio
2.12
2.08
1.77
1.74
U238/Th232
Activity Ratio*
1.07E408
ND
2.74E+06
7.30E401
U234/Th2»
Activity Ratio*
6.32E+05
ND
1.46E+06
1.72E401
ARTESIAN COMPANY WELL
402-412
402-412
196-206
196-206
2.76SE-05
2.596E-05
1.150E-05
7.742E-08
4.330E-07
4.910E-07
5.400E-06
1.792E-06
8.872E-05
8.826E-05
8.620E-05
8.870E-05
9.500E-08
1.750E-07
9.700E-08
2.320E-07
4.99
4.68
2.07
1.40
1.62
1.61
1.57
1.62
5.86E403
6.33E+03
1.61E+06
1.03E404
1.90E*03
2.18E403
1.22E+06
1.19E+04
NO
Calculated using U and Th conoentratlorM determined by ICP-MS or by Isotope dDuHon when concentrations were a! or below ICP-MS detedon limits.
Not determined due to Insufficient thorium concentration.
-------
TABLE 13 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
URANIUM AND THORIUM ISOTOPIC DATA
GROUNDWATER
MAYWOOO WELLS (MISS-6A, MISS-6B, MISS-SB)
Depth
(Feet)
6A-Bufk
6ABulk
6B-Bulk
6B-Bufl<
SB-Bulk
SB-Bulk
Th230/Th232
Atomic Ratio
3.044E-06
1.680E-05
3.998E-06
6.213E-04
1.598E-06
2.124E-05
t 2stgma
error
1.6BOE-08
1.690E-06
7.020E-O8
1.930E-O5
2.150E-O8
3.155E-O7
U234/U238
Atomic Ratio
6.130E-05
6.220E-05
6.700E-05
7.970E-05
6.385E-05
8.185E-05
* 2 slgma
error
1.040E4)7
2.150E-07
1.070E4)7
1.070E-07
6.100E-07
6.130E4)7
Th230/Th232
Activity Ratio
0.55
3.03
0.72
112.06
0.29
3.83
U234/U238
Activity Ratto
1.12
1.14
1.22
1.46
1.17
1.49
U238/Th232
Activity Ratio*
3.19E+00
2.68E+04
1.91E+00
ND
9.20E*00
1.40+02
U234/TH230
Activity Ratio*
1.19E+04
6.51E+00
1.00E+04
3.24E+00
ND
5.47E+01
ND
Calculated using U and Th concentraHom determined by ICP-MS or by Isotope dilution when concentrations were at or below ICP-MS detedon limits.
Not determined due to Insufficient thorium concentration.
-------
TABLE 13 Continued
1 II 1
Doptn
(Feet)
485-495
132-142
80-90
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
URANIUM AND THORIUM ISOTOPIC DATA
FILTER RESIDUE
HOME PLACE WELL
Th230/Th232
Atomic Ratio
1.654E-04
2.006E-04
9.585E-05
8.497E-05
t 2 sigma
error
1.846E-07
2.840E-07
1.260E-07
2.078E-07
U234/U238
Atomic Ratio
9.806E-O5
5.757E-05
7.324E-05
7.762E-05
t 2 sigma
error
9.500E-08
1.070EX)7
1.200E-07
6.200E-08
Th230/Th232
Activity Ratio
29.84
38.19
17.29
15.33
U234/U238
Activity Ratio
1.79
1.05
1.34
1.42
U23B/Th232
Activity Ratio*
911.57
22.35
77.19
78.09
U234/Th230
Activity Ratio*
54.69
0.65
5.97
7.22
GARF1ELD AVENUE
228-238
198-208
114-124
7.033E-OB
6.839E-06
7.916E-06
1.229E-08
2.700E-08
1.290E-07
7.379E-05
7.558E-05
7.464E-05
1.590E-07
2.490E-07
2.830E-07
1.27
1.23
1.43
1.35
1.38
1.36
10.96
10.66
11.80
11.64
11.92
11.26
KIMMIG * 4 WELL
230-240
174-184
5.S27E-06
6.532E-06
5.640E-07
6.GOOE-06
1.407E-04
7.941 E-05
4.930E-07
1.290E-06
1.00
1.18
2.57
1.45
7.33
1.62
18.99
2.00
ARTESIAN COMPANY WELL
402-412
196-206
4.208E-06
4.273E-06
6.090E-08
1.610E-07
8.593E-05
8.906E-05
2.180EW
4.110E-07
0.76
0.77
1.57
1.63
3.82
8.56
7.90
18.06
• Calculated using U and Th conoentrattom determined by ICP-MS or by Isotope dilution when concentrations were at or below ICP-MS detedon limits.
NO Not determined due to Insufficient thorium concentration.
-------
TABLE 13 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
URANIUM AND THORIUM ISOTOPIC DATA
FILTER RESIDUE
MAYWOOD WELLS (MISS-6A, MISS-6B. MISS-SB)
Depth
(Feet)
6A-BuH<
6A-Bum
SB-Bulk
SB^Bulk
Th230/Tn232
Atomic Ratio
2.963E-08
2.771E-08
4.069E-08
1.562E-08
ft 2 slgrna
efTOr
2.4BOE-08
3.510E-08
1.640E-O8
1.790E-08
U234/U238
Atomic Ratio
5.994E-05
6.200E-05
6.081E^)5
6.399E-05
i 2 slgma
6fTOf
3.630E-07
2580E-07
1.940E-07
7570E-07
Th230/Th232
Activity Ratio
0.54
0.50
0.73
0.28
U234/U238
Activity Ratio
1.09
1.13
1.11
1.17
U23B/Th2324
Activity Ratio*
0.54
0.51
0.51
0.34
U234/Th230
Activity Ratio*
18.06
1.17
0.77
1.39
WESTWOODWEU.
Bulk
Bulk(dup)
1562E-06
7.012E-08
1.790E-08
1.490E-07
6.399E-05
9.794E-05
7570E-07
2.330E-07
0.28
1.26
1.17
1.79
0.34
190.41
1.39
269.16
NO
Calculated using U and Th concentrations determined by ICP-MS or by Isotope dilution when concentrations' were at or below ICP-MS detedon limits.
Not determined due to Insufficient thorium concentration.
-------
TABLE 13 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
URANIUM AND THORIUM ISOTOPIC DATA
ROCK
HOME PLACE WELL
Depth
(Feet)
76.5
138.0
260.0
355.5
490.8
491.3
Th230/Th232
Atomic Ratio
5.426E-06
5.671 E-06
4.114E-06
5.291 E-06
1.732E-05
5.076E-03
± 2 sigma
error
6.350E-08
6.340E-08
5.400E-08
3.340E-08
2.350E-08
7.170E-06
U234/U238
Atomic Ratio
5.807E-05
4.950E-05
5.406E-05
5.487E-05
3.804E-05
5.060E-05
± 2 sigma
error
1.510E-07
1.520E-07
2.720E-07
2.020E-07
1.120E-07
1 .680E-07
Th230/Th232
Activity Ratio
0.98
1.02
0.74
0.95
3.12
915.71
U234/U238
Activity Ratio
1.06
0.90
0.99
1.00
0.69
0.92
U238/Th232
Activity Ratio'
1.04
1.19
0.91
1.00
4.75
1,138.41
U234/Th230
Activity Ratio"
1.13
1.05
1.21
1.05
1.06
1.15
LOCAL ROCK OUTCROPS
Rt 17&80
Surface
Rt 17&80
Surface
Wallington
Surface
9.941 E-06
7.417E-06
5.830E-06
4.020E-08
8.670E-08
3.660E-08
6.202E-05
5.046E-05
5.135E-05
2.040E-07
1.960E-07
1.780E-07
1.79
1.34
1.05
1.13
0.92
0.94
1.61
1.35
1.00
1.02
0.93
0.89
ND
Calculated using U and Th concentrations
Not determined due to insufficient thorium
determined by ICP-MS or by isotope dilution when concentrations were at or below ICP-MS detecion limits.
concentration.
-------
TABLE 13 Continued
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
URANIUM AND THORIUM ISOTOPIC DATA
MAVWOOD WASTES
MISS SB-12 AND SB-25
Depth
(Feet)
SB-12 ® y- 4'
SB-12 @ r . ff
SB-25 ® 0* • 2'
SB-25 @ 2* - 4'
SB-2S @ 2* - 4
(duplicate)
Th230/Th232
Atomic Ratio
7.141E-05
4.889E-08
1.723E-05
2.610E-05
2.639E-O5
• Stigma
error
6.414E-07
6.B80E-08
2.647E-07
4.104E-07
7.950E-08
U234/U238
Atomic Ratio
5.830E-05
5.648E-05
5.632E-05
5.650E-05
5.674E-05
* 2 slgma
error
5.780E-O7
2.990E-07
2.150E-07
1.870E-07
2.250E-07
Th230/Th232
Activity Ratio
12.88
0.88
3.11
4.71
4.76
U234/U238
Activity Ratio
1.08
1.03
1.03
1.03
1.04
U238/Th232
Activity Ratio*
17.88
2.85
3.88
5.37
7.15
U234/Th230
Activity Ratio*
1.48
3.33
1.28
1.18
1.56
NO
Calculated using U and Th concentrations determined by ICP-MS or by Isotope dilution when concentrations were at or below ICP-MS detedon limits.
Not determined due to Insufficient thorium concentration.
-------
TABLE 14
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
1988 RISK ASSESSMENT
CHEMICALS OF CONCERN IN GROUNDWATER
Chemicals of
Concern
Chloroform
Tetrachloroethene
Trichloroethylene
1,2-Dichloroethane
1,1,1-
Trichloroethane
Mercury
Selenium
Radium - 226
Thorium - 228
Thorium - 230
Thorium - 232
Uranium - 234
Uranium - 235
Uranium - 238
Frequency
5/16
9/16
7/16
3/16
6/16
6/14
1/14
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Range
(MO/0
0.45 - 2
0.26 - 56
0.38 - 3
5-69
1-5
0.3 - 2.6
28.6
(pCI/l)
< 0.1 -41
< 0.2 - 5
< 0.2 - 31
< 0.2 -1.5
0.3 - 800
< 0.2 - 18
< 0.2 - 440
Concentration
Used (ug/l)
2
56
3
69
5
2.6
28.6
(pCI/l)
41
5
31
1.5
800
18
440
N/A - Radioactivity was expected to be found in all samples at some level.
-------
TABLE 15
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SUE
1988 RISK ASSESSMENT
EXPOSURE PATHWAYS EVALUATED
MEDIA
HYPOTHETICAL
FUTURE EXPOSURE
RECEPTORS
GROUNDWATER
• Ingestion of groundwater
- Dermal contact with
groundwater
- Ingestion of vegetation
irrigated with
groundwater
Infant
Child
Teen
Adult
Infant
Child
Teen
Adult
Infant
Child
Teen
Adult
-------
TABLE 16
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
1988 RISK ASSESSMENT
TOXICfTY INFORMATION FOR NON-RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS
(NON-CARCINOGENS AND CARCINOGENS)
GROUNDWATER INGESTION
Contaminant of
Concern
Chloroform
1,2-Dichloroethane
Tetrachloroethylene
1 ,1 ,1-Trlchloroethane
Trichloroethylene
Mercury
Selenium
Reference
Dose
(mg/kg/day)
0.01
*
0.01
0.09
*
0.0003
0.003
Cancer
Potency
Factor
(mg/kg/day)1
0.0061
0.091
0.051
*
0.011
NC
*
Intake Estimate
(mg/kg-day)
Infant
2.00E-04
6.90E-03
5.60E-03
5.00E-04
3.00E-04
2.60E-04
2.80E-03
Child
8.81E-05
3.04E-03
2.47E-03
2.20E-04
1.32E-04
1.15E-04
1.23E-03
Teen
8.83E-05
3.05E-03
2.47E-03
2.21 E-04
1.32E-04
1.15E-04
1.24E-03
Adult
5.71 E-05
1.97E-03
1.60E-03
1.43E-04
8.57E-05
7.43E-05
8.00E-04
N/C "Noncardnogente
* No toxicity factor available.
-------
TABLE 17
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
1988 RISK ASSESSMENT
TOXICITY INFORMATION FOR NON-RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS
(NON-CARCINOGENS AND CARCINOGENS)
DERMAL CONTACT WITH GROUNDWATER
Contaminant of
Concern
t
Chloroform
1,2-Dfchloroethane
Tetrachtoroelhylene
1,1,1 -Trichloroethano
Trlchloroethylene
Reference
Dose
(mg/kg/day)
0.01
*
0.01
0.09
*
Cancer
Potency
Factor
(mg/kg/day)-1
0.0061
0.091
0.051
*
0.011
INTAKE ESTIMATE
(mg/kg-day)
Child
2.60E-08
8.96E-07
7.27E-07
6.49E-08
3.90E-08
Adult
8.74E-08
3.02E-06
2.45E-06
2.19E-07
1.31E-07
No toxidty factor available.
-------
TABLE 18
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
1988 RISK ASSESSMENT
TOXICITY INFORMATION FOR NON-RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS
(NON-CARCINOGENS AND CARCINOGENS)
CROP INGESTION
Contaminant of
Concern
Mercury
Selenium
Reference
Dose
(mg/kg/day)
0.0003
0.003
Cancer
Potency
Factor
(mg/kg/day)-1
*
*
Intake Estimate
(mg/kg-day)
Infant
6.32E-04
2.31 E-02
Child
3.92E-04
1.43E-02
Teen
2.70E-04
9.85E-03
Adult
2.16E-04
7.89E-03
No toxicfty factor available.
-------
TABLE 19
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SUE
1988 RISK ASSESSMENT
TOXICITY INFORMATION FOR RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS
GROUNDWATER INGESTION
Contaminant of
Concern
Radium - 226
Thorium • 228
Thorium - 230
Thorium - 232
Uranium - 234
Uranium - 235
Uranium - 238
Effective Dose Equivalent Conversion Factor
(mrem/pCi)
Infant
3.77x10-3
2.09x10-3
1.18x10-3
4.51x10-3
1.04x10-3
9.80x10-4
9.79x10-4
Child
1.49x10-3
7.02x10-4
6.44x10-4
3.11x10-3
4.22x10-4
3.92x10-4
3.77x10-4
Teen
1.12x10-3
3.81x10-4
5.99x10-4
3.19x10-3
2.67x10-4
2.48x10-4
2.42x10-4
Adult
1.12x10-3
3.81x10-4
5.99x10-4
3.19x10-3
2.67x10-4
2.48x10-4
2.42x10-4
Contaminant of
Concern
Radium - 226
Thorium - 228
Thorium • 230
Thorium • 232
Uranium - 234
Uranium - 235
Uranium - 238
Intake Estimates
(pCi)
Infant
1.50E+04
1.83E+03
1.13E+04
5. ABE +02
2.92E+05
6.57E+03
1.61E+05
Child
1.50E+05
1.82E+04
1.13E+05
5.48E+03
2.92E+06
6.57E+04
1.61E+06
Teen
2.10E+05
2.56E+04
1.58E+05
7.67E+03
4.09E+06
9.20E+04
2.25E+06
Adult
1.56E+05
1.90E+05
1.18E+06
5.69E+04
3.04E+07
6.83E+05
1.67E+07
Table values were derived using the Effective Dose Equivalent Conversion Factor
(mrem/pCi).
-------
TABLE 20
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
1988 RISK ASSESSMENT
TOXICITY INFORMATION FOR RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS
CROP INGESTION
Contaminant of
Concern
Radium - 226
Thorium - 228
Thorium - 230
Thorium - 232
Uranium - 234
Uranium - 235
Uranium - 238
Intake Estimates
(PCI)
Infant
2. 03 E ^ 03
4.64E+01
2.99E+02
1.45E+01
9.44E+03
2.12E+02
5.19E+03
Child
2.85E+04
6.54E+02
4.20E+03
2.03E+02
1.33E+05
2.99E+03
7.31E+04
Teen
2.74E+04
6.29 E+ 02
4.04E403
1.96E+02
1.28E+05
2.88E+03
7.33E+04
Adutt
2.52E+05
5.78E+03
3.72E+04
1.BOE+03
1.1BE+06
2.65E+04
6.47E+05
* Table values were derived using the Effective Dose Equivalent Conversion Factor
(mrem/pCi).
-------
TABLE 21
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
1988 RISK ASSESSMENT
RISK ESTIMATES
CARCINOGENS
NON-RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS
Contaminant of
Concern
Chloroform
Tetrachloroethene
Trichloroethylene
1,2-Dichloroethane
Carcinogenic Risk
Total Carcinogenic Risk
Risk Estimate
Infant
2E-08
4E-06
5E-08
9E-06
1.3E-05
Child
8E-08
2E-05
2E-07
4E-05
6E-05
Teen
5E-08
1E-05
1E-07
3E-05
4E-05
Adult
3E-07
6E-05
7E-07
1E-04
1.6E-04
3E-04
-------
TABLE 22
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
1988 RISK ASSESSMENT
RISK ESTIMATES
CARCINOGENS
RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS
Contaminant of
Concern
Radium - 226
Thorium - 228
Thorium - 230
Thorium - 232
Uranium • 234
Uranium - 235 •
Uranium • 238
Carcinogenic Risk
Total Carcinogenic Risk
Risk Estimate
Infant
IE-OS
6E-07
2E-05
4E-07
5E-05
1E-06
3E-05
9.4E-05
Child
4E-05
2E-06
1E-05
3E-06
2E-04
4E-06
1E-04
3.6E-04
Teen
4E-05
2E-06
2E-05
4E-06
2E-04
4E-06
9E-05
3.6E-04
Adult
3E-04
1E-05
1E-04
3E-05
1E-03
3E-05
7E-04
2.2E-03
3E-03
-------
TABLE 23
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
1988 RISK ASSESSMENT
RISK ESTIMATES
NON-CARCINOGENS
NON-RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS
Contaminant of
Concern
Chloroform
Tetrachloroethene
1 ,1 ,1-Trichloroethane
Mercury
Selenium
Hazard Index
Total Hazard Index
Risk Estimate
Infant
2E-02
6E-01
6E-03
3E+00
9E+00
1E+01
Child
9E-03
2E-01
2E-03
2E+00
5E+00
7E+00
Teen
9E-03
2E-01
2E-03
1E+00
4E+00
5E+00
Adult
6E-03
2E-01
2E-03
1E+00
3E+00
4E+00
26E+00
-------
TABLE 24
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
1993 RE-EVALUATION OF SITE RISK
NON-CARCINOGEN
Algorithm for determination of noncancer risk associated with
residential Ingestion of Qroundwater at the Lodl Municipal Well Site
(i.e., Home Place Well).
GWC- IR . ED • EF • 10*mg/ug
Hazard Index «
BW . AT • 365d/yr • RfD
Where.
GWC - Constituent concentration in Ground Water (ug/l)
IR • Ground water ingestion rate (l/d)
ED • Exposure Duration
EF - Exposure Frequency
BW * Body Weight
AT * Averaging Time
RfD - Reference Dose
Standard Default Exposure Assumptions for Inaestion of Ground
Water bv Residents:
Drinking Water Ingestion: 2 l/d
Body Weight, Adult: 70kg
Exposure Duration: 30 y
Exposure Frequency: 350 d/y
Averaging Time: 70 y
Using the above, and a ground water contaminant concentration of
29 ppb. for selenium, the Hazard Index Is Q.Q68.
-------
TABLE 24
LODI MUNICIPAL WELL SITE
1993 RE-EVALUATION OF SITE RISK
CARCINOGEN
Algorithm for determination of cancer risk associated with residential
ingestion of groundwater at the Lodi Municipal Well Site (!•«-. Home Place
Well). Note: This risk estimate also factors in risk attributable to Inhalation.
Risk
GWC • EF • ED .([VF - IRA • CPSI] 4 [JRW . CPSo])
BW • AT • 365 d/yr • 1.000 ug/mg
Where,
GWC « Constituent concentration In Ground Water (ug/l)
IRA - Inhalation Rate (Air) (m'/d)
IRW = Ground water ingestion rate (l/d)
ED « Exposure Duration
EF » Exposure Frequency
BW « Body Weight
AT « Averaging Time
CPSI - Carcinogenic Potency Slope (inhaled) (kg-d/m)
CPSo » Carcinogenic Potency Slope (oral) (kg-d/mg)
Standard Default Exposure Assumptions for Inoestion of Ground Water bv
Residents:
Drinking Water Ingestion: 2 l/d
Body Weight, Adult: 70 kg
Exposure Duration: 30 y
Exposure Frequency: 350 d/y
Averaging Time: 70 y
Using the above, and a ground water contaminant concentration of 69 ppb,
for 1,2-dichloroethane, the risk Is 4.4 X 10".
------- |