United States        Office of
          Environmental Protection   Emergency and
          Agency           Remedial Response
EPA/ROD/R02-93/204
March 1993
x°/EPA    Superfund
          Record of Decision:
          Pittsburgh Air Force Base,
          NY

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50272-101	.	
 REPORT DOCUMENTATION
          PAGE
1. REPORT NO.
EPA/ROD/R02-93/204
3. Recipient^ Accession No.
4.  THIe and Subtitle
   SUPERFUND RECORD  OF DECISION
   Plattsburgh Air Force Base, NY
   Third Remedial Action
                                          5.  Report Date
                                             	  03/31/93
                                          6.
7.  Authors)
                                          8.  Performing Organization Rapt. No.
9.  Performing Organization Name and Address
                                          10  Project Taak/Work Unit No.
                                                                    11. Contract(C) or Qrant(G) No.

                                                                    (C)

                                                                    (0)
12. Sponsoring Organization Name and AddraM
   U.S.  Environmental Protection Agency
   401  M Street, S.W.
   Washington, D.C.   20460
                                          13.  Typa of Report & Period Covered

                                             800/800
                                          14.
15. Supplementary Notes

          PB94-963812
16. Abstract (Umit: 200 words)

  The Plattsburgh Air Force Base site  is  located south  of Plattsburgh,  Clinton County,
  New York.   Land use in  the area is predominantly residential and light  industrial.
  Ground water beneath the site is not used as a drinking water source.   Plattsburgh Air
  Force Base  (AFB) historically has been  engaged in numerous operations that have
  required the use, handling,  storage,  and disposal of  hazardous materials.  The U.S.
  Department  of Defense's Installation Restoration Program (IRP) identified 39 sites at
  Plattsburgh AFB with potential contamination by hazardous materials.  One of these
  sites, the  Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office (DRMO), or SS-011,  is part  of
  base industrial operations.   This office handles Air  Force-discarded materials that  may
  have reclaimable components.  Typical items handled at the DRMO include out-of-service
  transformers and used refrigerators.   From 1970 to 1972,  containers  of  pesticides
  containing  DDT were stored at the site. During that time, the contents  of one or  more
  of the storage containers leaked, or was spilled, and was absorbed into the soil.   In
  1981,  a transformer  (PCB oil) spill  occurred on a paved area of the  site.  As a result,
  the transformer fluids  were cleaned  off the pavement  and the area  was later excavated.
  In 1991, a  removal action was initiated to facilitate rapid cleanup  of  DDT-contaminated
  soil at SS-011.  In 1991,  400 feet of railroad track  was removed and 600 yd^ of

  (See Attached Page)
17. Document Analysis     a. Descriptors
   Record of Decision - Plattsburgh Air Force  Base, NY
   Third Remedial  Action
   Contaminated Media: None
   Key  Contaminants:  None

   b.  Identifiers/Opart-Ended Terms
   e.  COSAH Field/Group
18. Availability Statement
                          19. Security Class (This Report)
                                    None	
                                                     20.  Security Class (This Page)
                                                               None •
          21. No. of Pages
                  34
                                                                              22.  Price
(Sss ANSI-Z39.18)
                                   SM Instructions en Rtvarse
                                                   OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77)
                                                   (Formerly NTIS-35)
                                                   Department of Commerce

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EPA/ROD/R02-93/204
Plattsburgh Air Force Base, NY
Third Remedial Action

Abstract  (Continued)

contaminated soil was excavated and disposed of offsite in a RCRA landfill.  Soil
containing greater than or equal to 1,000 mg/kg DDT was incinerated offsite.  Excavated
areas were backfilled and regraded, and the original drainage patterns were restored.  A
1992 ROD addressed contaminated soil, sediment, waste, and surface water at area LF—023,
as OU1.  A second 1992 ROD addressed contaminated soil and debris at area LF—022, as OU3.
Future RODs will address other areas of contamination at the Air Force Base, including
ground water contamination emanating from SS—017.  This ROD addresses the contaminated
soil at area SS—Oil, as OU4.  Results of the Risk Assessment show that the previous
removal action was effective in achieving protection of human health and the environment
and no further action is proposed for area SS-011; therefore, there are no contaminants of
concern affecting this site.

The selected remedial action for this site is no further action.  EPA has determined that
previous actions at the SS-011 area have been effective in achieving protection of human
health and the environment. Five year inspections will be conducted to assess the general
conditions at the site, including the process of revegetation of areas disturbed by the
removal actions and potential effects of runoff from or onto the site. The first
inspection was conducted in 1992.  There are no present worth or O&M costs associated with
this no action remedy.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS OR GOALS:

Not applicable.

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                          ROD PACT 8HBET

SITE	
Name            :     Plattsburgh Air Force Base
Location/State  :     Plattsburgh, New York
EPA Region      :     II
HRS Score  (date):    30.34  - November 21, 1989

ROD	
Date Signed:        March  31,  1993
Remedy/ies:         Removal Action: Soil Excavation / Offsite
                    Disposal.  ROD:  No further Action
Operating Unit Number: OU-4
Capital cost: $  0
Construction Completion: N/A
O & M in 1993:   $  0
         1994:   $  0
         1995:   $  0
         1996:   $  0
Present worth: negligible

*    Removal Action completed  in November 1991, site restoration
     completed in  May 1992.  Additional confirmatory samples were
     analyzed in November  1992.  Remedial Decision is for No
     Further Action other  than 5 year site inspections/
     evaluations,  at negligible cost.  First inspection was
     conducted in  November 1992.

LEAD	
PRP Enforcement
Primary contact EPA: Robert D. Morse, Remedial Project Manager
                      (212) 264-1841
Secondary contact EPA: Robert Wing, Federal Facilities Section
                     Chief -  (212) 264-8670
PRP Contact Plattsburgh AFB: Mr. Michael Sorel, P.E., Chief
                     Environmental Management Flight -
                      (518) 565-6678;

*    Site is a Federal Facility.  Facility is the lead.  EPA
     provides oversight through Federal Facilities Agreement.
WASTE
Type:    DDT
Medium:  Soil
Origin : Spillage from pesticide containers stored at the site.
Est. quantity: 600 cu.yd. of soil removed.  Spill quantity
               unknown.

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 DEFENSE REUTILIZATION AND MARKETING OFFICE SITE (SS-011)

                   RECORD OF DECISION
                  Plattsburgh Air Force Base
                    Plattsburgh, New York
                          FINAL
                       MARCH 1993
              Plattsburgh Air Force Base
          Installation Restoration Program
                         Prepared by:
                      URS Consultants, Inc.
                      282 Delaware Avenue
                      Buffalo, New York 14202
(9

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        INSTALLATION RESTORATION PROGRAM

DEFENSE REUTILIZATION AND MARKETING OFFICE (SS-011)


              RECORD OF DECISION


           PLATTSBURGH AIR FORCE BASE

             PLATTSBURGH, NEW YORK



                      FINAL



                    Prepared By:

                 URS Consultants, Inc.
                 282 Delaware Avenue
               Buffalo, New York 14202
                    March 1993

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                         TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                              Page No.

DECLARATION FOR THE RECORD OF DECISION  	    in

1.0    SITE NAME, LOCATION, AND DESCRIPTION 	    1-1

2.0    SITE HISTORY   	    2-1
      2.1    Land Use and Response History	    2-1
      2.2    Federal Facilities Agreement History	    2-2

3.0    COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION 	    3-1

4.0    SCOPE AND ROLE OF REMOVAL ACTION  	    4-1

5.0    SUMMARY OF  SITE CHARACTERISTICS   	    5-1

6.0    SUMMARY OF  SITE RISKS  	    6-1
      6.1    Contaminated Media  	'. .    6-1
      6.2    Contaminants of Concern   	    6-1
      6.3    Exposure Scenarios  	    6-1
      6.4    Risks to Human Populations  	    6-2
      6.5    Summary of Environmental Risks	    6-2

7.0    DESCRIPTION OF THE NO FURTHER ACTION PREFERRED
      ALTERNATIVE	    7-1

8.0    DOCUMENTATION OF NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES  . . . -.	    8-1

9.0    STATE ROLE  	    9-1

10.0   RESPONSIVENESS SUMMARY	      10-1



REFERENCES

APPENDIX A -     NYSDEC DECLARATION OF CONCURRENCE WITH PREFERRED
                 ALTERNATIVE
33291. (0106/00
E/ROO/ma

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                                 LIST OF TABLES

                                                                           Following
                                                                           Page No.

2-1    Investigation Chronology: SS-011   	     2-1

5-1    Summary of Organic and Inorganic Chemicals Remaining On Site	    5-1

6-1    Contaminants of Concern Utilized  in Risk Assessment  	     6-1

6-2    Summary of Human Health Risks	     6-2


                                LIST OF FIGURES
                                                                          Following
Figure No.                                                                 Page No.

1-1    Vicinity Location Map   	     1-1

1-2    Site Location Map:  SS-011    	     1-1

1-3    Site Plan Map: SS-011   	     1-1

4-1    DRMO SS-011 Depth of Excavation    	     4-2

5-1    Interpretive Geologic Profile A-A'  	     5-1

5-2    Potentiometric Surface - January 1989  	     5-1

5-3    Summary of DDT Screening Data   	     5-1

5-4    Post-Excavation Residual DDT  	     5-2
35291.0SWOO
E/ROD/ouB

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           DECLARATION FOR THE RECORD OF DECISION

SITE NAME AND LOCATION

Pittsburgh Air Force Base (AFB),
Defense Reutilization and Marketing Office (SS-011)
Plattsburgh, New York


STATEMENT OF BASIS AND PURPOSE

This Record of Decision (ROD) presents a selected remedial action for soils at Site SS-011 on
Plattsburgh AFB in Plattsburgh, New York. This document was developed in accordance with
the Comprehensive Environmental  Response,  Compensation,  and  Liability Act of  1980
(CERCLA) as amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 (SARA),
and to the extent practicable, the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency
Plan (NCP). This decision is based on the Administrative Record for this site, a copy of which
is located at Plattsburgh AFB.

The  remedy has been  selected by the  U.S. Air  Force  (USAF) and the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (USEPA) with  the  concurrence of  the New York  State Department of
Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) pursuant to a federal facilities  agreement among the
parties under Section 120 of CERCLA.

Groundwater contamination present in wells at Site SS-011 appears to be caused by an upgradient
source.   This upgradient  source is currently under  investigation as  part of the  Remedial
Investigation at Site SS-017.

DESCRIPTION OF THE REMEDY

Inasmuch  as  prior removal  actions  taken  to  excavate  and  dispose  of  DDT  (4,4'-
dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) contaminated  soils in 1991 have proven protective of human
health and the environment, no further action has been determined necessary at Site SS-011 to
reduce site contaminants beyond their current levels.  Inspections will  be conducted, once per
five-year period, to assess the general condition of the site, including the progress of revegetation
in areas disturbed by die 1991 removal action and the potential effects of runoff from or onto the
site.  After each inspection, an evaluation will be undertaken to insure the continued protection
of human health and the environment.
E/tLODIma

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DECLARATION

Target Cleanup Levels considered to be protective of ecological and human receptors were
approved by NYSDEC and USEPA on July 23, 1990. The removal action undertaken in 1991
was considered, therefore, to be protective of human health and the environment, and to be
ARAR-compliant.  Sampling and  analysis were conducted concurrently during the removal
activities, both to determine the adequacy of the removal action, and for use in the baseline risk
assessment (RA). Results of the RA show that the removal action was fully effective in achieving
protection of human health and the environment.  Therefore, no further action is necessary.
WILLIAM J. MUSZYNSKI P.E.
Acting Regional Administrator, USEPA Region II
Date
                                                                Date
 Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Air Force
 (Environment, Safety, and Occupational Health)
  35291.QVtWOO
  E/KOD/mn
                                           IV

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SflJ/MIQ  -  4C916  PNT      10:703-614-2884             MfiR  31*93    16:32 No.016  P.01
                      PNT     IDt?Q3-614-2S8«             MfiR  51'95    13»3
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1.0     SITE NAME, LOCATION, AND DESCRIPTION

        Pittsburgh AFB is located in Clinton County in northeastern New York State, bordered
on the north by the city of Plattsburgh and on the east by Lake Champlain (Figure 1-1).  It lies
approximately 26 miles south of the Canadian border and 167 miles north of Albany.  Site SS-
011,  the  Defense  Reutilization and Marketing Office (DRMO),  is part of base  industrial
operations.  It is located along the eastern side of Idaho Avenue, with an unused railroad track
running the length of the site's southeast border (Figure  1-2).  This office handles Air Force-
discarded materials that may have reciaimable components. Typical items handled at the DRMO
include out-of-service transformers and used refrigerators. The facility consists of several small
buildings that serve as both covered storage and administrative offices, and a large adjacent paved
area used as open storage (Figure 1-3).  For security, the entire facility is enclosed by a chain-
link fence that is locked during nonworking hours.  Northeast of the site are approximately 90
wooded acres with recreational trails used by base  personnel.  The base golf course is  to the
south and within several hundred feet of SS-011.

       A more complete description of SS-011  may be found in the Defense  Reutilization and
Marketing Office  (SS-011) Remedial  Investigation Report,  Section  3.0  -  Physical  Site
Characteristics.
3JZ91.05/06/00
E/ROD/mm                                    1-1

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          ADIRONDACK
          MOUNTAINS
              20
SOURCES

I) NORTH  AMERICAN ROAD ATLAS,
  H.M. GOUSHA CO., 1982
2) E.C. JORDAN CO. ; REMEDIAL
  INVESTIGATION REPORT
                                                                FIGURE  1-1
                        VICINITY LOCATION MAP

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                                              SS-011  (DRMO)
USGS 7.5 MINUTE SERIES QUADRANGLE
PLATTSBURGH, N.Y - VT. (I966)
               SITE  LOCATION MAP: SS-011
FIGURE  1-2

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                                                          SS-011 (DRMO)

                                                          DRAINAGE

                                                          SURFACE ELEVATION
UPGRAOIENT
GROUNDWATER
CONTAMINATION
               900
                                     SOURCE

                                     E.C.  JORDAN CO.; REMEDIAL
                                     INVESTIGATION REPORT
                                                           FIGURE   1-3
VO
K
to

I
                  SITE PLAN MAP: SS-011

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2.0     SITE HISTORY

        In  accordance  with  Section  117(a) of the Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation and  Liability Act (CERCLA), Pittsburgh  AFB is publishing this Record  of
Decision (ROD) to address public review and comment on the selected alternative. Pittsburgh
AFB, in conjunction with USEPA and NYSDEC, have considered public comments in selecting
the remedy for SS-011.  This ROD  summarizes the results  and conclusions of the Remedial
Investigation (RI), Risk Assessment (RA), and Proposed Plan and addresses any public comments
received.

2.1     Land Ike and  Response History

        SS-011 is located on the eastern side of the base along Idaho Avenue (See Figure 1-2).
Containers of pesticides containing DDT (4,4'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) were stored at
the site from 1970 to  1972.   During that time, the contents of one or more of the storage
containers  leaked or was spilled.  Spillage ran off the paved open storage area and into soils
along the railroad  tracks on the yard's  eastern  side.  Because pesticides in general  are only
slightly soluble in water, it is  common practice to dissolve them in a petroleum-based carrier
(i.e., kerosene).

        In December 1981, a transformer (PCB oil) spill occurred in the northwest corner of the
paved area.  The transformer fluids were cleaned off the frozen pavement surface  and the area
was  excavated the following spring.

        Several site investigations have  been  conducted at SS-011 as part of the Installation
Restoration Program (IRP) at Pittsburgh AFB.  A Preliminary Assessment evaluated whether
the site was potentially contaminated and  required further  investigation.   The Preliminary
Assessment prompted a Site Inspection (SI) to confirm the presence of contamination.   SI
activities included  a Soil Organic Vapor (SOV) survey, surface soil sampling,  soil borings,
monitoring well installation, and an associated analytical program. Because SI results indicated
the presence of contaminants,  an RI was conducted to characterize  the nature and extent  of
contamination at SS-011.  RI activities included the installation of additional monitoring wells,
the sampling and analysis of surface and subsurface soils, and the implementation of an extensive
field screening program to determine the area! and  subsurface distribution of DDT.

        On January  18, 1990, USEPA and NYSDEC concurred that a  non-time-critical removal
action  was warranted to facilitate  rapid cleanup of DDT-contaminated soils at  SS-011.   A
comparative  analysis of the alternatives was performed in  1990 as  part of  an  Engineering
Evaluation/Cost Analysis, and a remedial alternative that was protective of human health and the
environment, ARAR-compliant, readily implementable, and  cost-effective was selected.  Details
are provided in Section 4.0 of this document.  In summary, approximately 400 feet of railroad
track was removed and 600 cubic yards of contaminated soil were excavated and removed from
the site.

        Subsequent to the removal action, additional soil samples were taken to confirm the extent
of DDT in soils.  A  risk assessment (RA) was then completed to  determine the impact of
remaining site contaminants upon human health and the environment.   A summary of field
investigations undertaken at SS-011 is given in Table 2-1.
3891.09/06*00
                                          2-1

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                              TABLE 2-1

                     INVESTIGATION CHRONOLOGY
                               SS-011 RI
                          PLATTSBURGH AFB
PROGRAM
Preliminary Assessment
Site Inspection
Remedial Investigation
(Phase I)
Supplemental Groundwater
Sampling
Remedial Investigation
(Phase II)
Removal Action
Supplemental Sampling
Event
DATES CONDUCTED
Spring 1984 - Spring 1985
Fall 1987 - Summer 1988
Fall 1988
Summer 1989
Fall 1989
Fall 1991
November 1992
CONSULTANT
Radian
Jordan Co.
E.G. Jordan Co.
E.G. Jordan Co.
E.C. Jordan Co.
E.G. Jordan Co.
URS Consultants, Inc.
35291.03/06/00
E/ROD/mm

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22    Federal Facilities Agreement History

       Activities at SS-011  have been  conducted  as  part  of the Defense Environmental
Restoration Program (DERP), which was established to clean up hazardous waste disposal and
spill sites at Department of Defense facilities nationwide. The Installation Restoration Program
(IRP) is the U.S. Air Force subcomponent of the DERP. The IRP operates under the scope of
CERCLA, as amended by the 1986 Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act.

       The IRP at Plattsburgh AFB has included (1) a Preliminary Assessment to evaluate which
sites are potentially contaminated, (2) Sis to confirm the presence or absence of contamination
at identified sites, and (3) an ongoing RI program at sites confirmed to have contamination.  On
November 21, 1989, Plattsburgh AFB was included  on the National Priorities List (NPL) of
hazardous waste sites and will be remediated according to the federal facilities agreement entered
into among the U.S. Air Force, USEPA, and NYSDEC on July M), 1991.
35291 .OVOMO
E/ROD/nun                                  2-2

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3.0    COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION

       Plattsburgh AFB has kept the community and other interested parties apprised of activities
at SS-011 through informational meetings, fact sheets, press releases and public meetings.  On
August 1,  1989, Plattsburgh AFB held its first Technical Review Committee (TRC) meeting to
involve  residents of Clinton  County and state  and  federal regulatory agencies in decisions
concerning IRP environmental response activities. The TRC currently meets quarterly to discuss
plans and  results of the  RI/FS activities.   In December 1990, Plattsburgh AFB released a
community relations plan outlining a program to  address community concerns and keep citizens
informed about and  involved in activities during remedial  activities.

       The Plattsburgh AFB  Site SS-011 Administrative Record has been available for public
review at  Plattsburgh AFB in Plattsburgh, New York since  October  20, 1990 and has been
advertized several times  during the removal action and RI/FS process.  Plattsburgh AFB
published a notice and brief analysis of the Proposed  Plan in the Press-Republican on February
24, 1993 and made the Proposed Plan available to the public at the Plattsburgh Public library on
the same date.

       On March 9, 1993, Plattsburgh AFB held a public informational meeting to discuss the
results of the RI and the No Further Action alternative, present the Proposed Plan, and answer
questions from the public.  No one from the community attended the meeting. On February 24,
1993, Plattsburgh AFB opened a 30-day public comment period to accept public comment on the
alternative presented in the Proposed Plan and on any other documents previously released to the
public. The written comments received during the public comment period and Plattsburgh AFB's
response to comments are included  in the attached Responsiveness Summary (See Section 10.0
of this document).
B/ROD/n                                   3-1

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4.0    SCOPE AND ROLE OF REMOVAL ACTION

       On January 18, 1990, USEPA and  NYSDEC Project Managers for Pittsburgh AFB
concurred that a non-tune-critical removal action was warranted to facilitate rapid cleanup of
DDT-contaminated soils detected during the  1988 sampling for the RI (Phase I) at Site SS-011.
The objectives of the removal action were to reduce risk to human health and the environment
posed by direct contact with and/or ingestion of DDT-contaminated site soil.

       To identify the level  to which soils would require removal, a Target Cleanup Level
evaluation was  performed (E.G.  Jordan, 1990a).  Following evaluation of human health and
ecological risks, it was determined  that of the two receptors, the non-human (i.e., ecological)
receptors were  at greater risk from DDT.  Using ecological risk assessment techniques, three
environmental Target  Cleanup Levels for DDT were evaluated to assess their impact on the
environment: 1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg,  and 100 mg/kg.  Based on the results of this evaluation, a
final Target Cleanup Level of 10 mg/kg was selected. This level was further evaluated to assess
the residual risk to human health associated  with this concentration of DDT in site soils. This
Target Cleanup  Level, which was considered to be protective of ecological and human receptors,
was approved by NYSDEC and USEPA on July 23, 1990.

       An Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (E.G. Jordan, 1990c) was prepared to document
removal action  objectives, Target Cleanup Level evaluation, and  removal  action alternatives.
Because DDT is listed as U061 (a hazardous waste according to 40 CFR Part 261), placement
of excavated DDT-contaminated soil is regulated under the RCRA Land Disposal Restrictions
(LDRs), 40 CFR Part 268. Alternatives for treatment and disposal of the excavated soil  were
developed with regard to LDR treatment standards and  schedules.   Each of the alternatives
included excavation of all soil above the 10 mg/kg Target Cleanup Level.  The selected action,
involved excavation, offsite land disposal of soil containing less than 1,000 mg/kg of DDT (in
a RCRA landfill), and offsite incineration of soil containing greater than or equal to 1,000 mg/kg
DDT.  This alternative was selected because it would be protective of human health and the
environment, ARAR-compliant, readily implementable, and cost-effective.

       The removal action was initiated in August 1991 by TRICIL Environmental Response of
Chattanooga, Tennessee.  Approximately 400 feet of railroad track was removed and 600 cubic
yards of soil were excavated.

       Railroad ties, ballast, grubbed materials,  and excavated soils containing less than 1,000
mg/kg of DDT were  transported off site by a  licensed  hazardous waste  hauler to the GSX
Services Landfill in Pinewood, South Carolina. Soils containing DDT at 1,000 mg/kg or greater
(45 cubic yards) were transported  to  the Trade Waste, Inc. incinerator  in Sauget,  Illinois.
Transportation vehicles were decontaminated before leaving the site.

       Sampling and  analysis were conducted  concurrently during excavation activities by
TRICIL to confirm that all soils exceeding the  10 mg/kg target level had been excavated and to
determine which excavated soils contained greater than  or  less than 1,000 mg/kg of DDT.
Ninety-eight (98) samples were collected by TRICIL and analyzed by quick laboratory turnaround
for DDT, DDE, and DDD. Twenty (20) percent of the samples were collected in duplicate and
shipped to a USEPA-approved laboratory for analysis.  Twenty (20) sample  locations within the

33291.03/0600
e/ROD/om                                  4-1

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excavated area (SS-11-028  through SS-11-047) were randomly selected and soil samples were
collected by ABB-ES for: (1) laboratory analysis; (2) final Level D confirmation of the adequacy
of the removal action; and (3) use in the baseline risk assessment. These samples were collected
at the bottom of the excavation.  Six of the samples (SS-11-028, SS-11-032, SS-11-037, SS-11-
042, SS-11-044, and SS-11-046) were split with NYSDEC. No statistical variation was identified
between the split-sample data sets.  Results of the first round of random sampling indicated that
six of the sample locations continued to exceed the 10 mg/kg DDT cleanup target.

       Locations where DDT levels exceeded  10 mg/kg were excavated further and resampled
by TRICIL.  Six additional samples were collected  by Pittsburgh AFB and  NYSDEC at the
locations where the level of DDT had been greater than 10 mg/kg in the random sampling round.
These data were used for final confirmation of the adequacy of the removal action.

       Aroclor 1260 (a PCB) was detected in two of the samples (at 8.1 and 0.34 ppm) collected
during the random sampling, both occurring at locations outside the excavation. Two additional
soil samples (SS-11-048 and SS-11-049) were collected  in the center of the reported PCB spill.
No PCBs were detected in either of these samples.

       The depth and extent of the excavation is presented in Figure 4-1.

       Excavation and removal  of soil  and debris from the site was completed in November
1991. Site restoration began immediately upon the completion of the removal action. Excavated
areas were backfilled with  clean fill similar to the original soil removed  and the areas were
regraded to restore original drainage patterns as indicated by the topographic survey. Regraded
areas were then replanted with native plants. The railroad tracks were replaced using the original
(decontaminated)  rails and  new  ties and ballast, and the fence surrounding  the DRMO was
repaired.  Site restoration was completed during the spring of 1992.

       Ongoing post-closure activities at the site consist of inspections to assess the general
condition of the site, including the progress of revegetation and potential effects of runoff from
or onto the site.  One inspection was completed in 1992 and future  inspections are planned at
five-year intervals.

       Site SS-011 is one of a number of individual areas at the PAFB, a National Priorities List
Site, being investigated for potential remediation activities. Remediation of other areas at PAFB
has or will be addressed in separate studies/Records of Decision.
33291.05WOO
E/ROD/mm                                   4-2

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AC-47II
                                                                                                   UIOO 1/28/93-1
                                                                                IT  ."I'.-L
                                                                                i IM iiiVfii lira 111111
        LEGEND;

    A   1991 SOIL SAMPLE


    *   MONITORING WELL


  I I I I I I RAILROAD TRACK.


  ^^^^. TREELINE


        GRIDLINES


  -*	H- FENCE
EXCAVATION DEPTH


  I       I = 12"
                                 SOURCE

                                 ABB  ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES. INC.

                                 FEBRUARY 1992
        = 24"


        = >24"
                                           100
           100
                                             SCALE IN FEET
               1
      DRMO  SS-OII
DEPTH  OF EXCAVATION
                                                   1
FIGURE 4-1

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5.0    SUMMARY OF SITE CHARACTERISTICS

       To define the nature and distribution of contaminants detected during the SI, a two-phased
RI was conducted. The data quality objectives for the RI were to:  (1) define the distribution of
DDT-contaminated soils to support a removal action and baseline risk assessment;  (2) confirm
cleanup of a transformer (PCB oil) spill that had  occurred at the site; and (3)  confirm the
upgradient origin of halogenated organic chemicals in groundwater. During the RI,  the site was
physically and chemically characterized in order to reach the data quality objectives.

       The site is underlain by Pleistocene marine deposits consisting of poorly-graded, medium-
to-fme sand deposits changing to silt and fine sand down to a depth of 30 feet on the west side
and 4 feet on  the east side.  This deposit is underlain by a layer of firm clay approximately 7 feet
thick.  The clay  is in  turn underlain by approximately 16 feet of glacial till, with carbonate
bedrock below.   A geologic cross-section is presented in Figure 5-1.  The water table was
encountered approximately 2  to 7 feet  below ground  surface.   Groundwater flow  is to the
southeast, as  shown in  Figure  5-2, with  a horizontal gradient of about 0.02 ft/ft.  The seepage
velocity was calculated to be about 73 feet per year.

       Potential  migration of contaminants from surficial soil was identified to  be through
groundwater, surface water/sediments, fugitive dust, and vapors.  Potential receptors included
humans (area and on-base  personnel), and biota (terrestrial  and aquatic).   Potential  exposure
routes included ingestion,  direct  contact, and inhalation.   It was determined, however, that
migration of  contaminants  off site via groundwater or in eroded surface sediments does not
appear to be occurring.

       Investigation of site characteristics has included the installation of a monitoring well
network on site and upgradient of the DRMO, a Soil Organic Vapor (SOV) survey,  surface soil
sampling, the advancement  of subsurface soil borings, and  chemical analysis of samples in field
and offsite laboratories.

       In the fall of 1989,  an  extensive field screening program was implemented to determine
the area! and subsurface distribution of DDT. The purpose  of this field screening was to support
a Target Cleanup Level  (TCL) determination to address human health and ecological risks. An
Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (EE/CA) for  a DDT soil removal action was conducted
based on the TCL.  USEPA and NYSDEC concurred  that a non-time-critical removal action
would be warranted to facilitate rapid cleanup.  A field screening sampling plan was designed
using a grid with 20-foot node spacing.   The grid was extended,  as data from field screening
became available, to  encompass  depressions and  drainage pathways  containing detectable
concentrations of pesticides. Approximately 150 samples were collected and analyzed in the field
to provide real-time  data and  to further direct the  sampling program.  Three small areas  of
relatively  high  (greater than  100 ppm)  DDT  concentrations were identified during the  field
screening  investigation.  Results of the field screening are shown in Figure 5-3. Data from this
investigation  were used  to develop the plan for the 1991 removal action (see Section 4.0).

       A summary of organic  and inorganic chemicals remaining in the soil and the groundwater
matrices  following the 1991  removal action  is  given as Table 5-1.   Remaining  pesticide
contamination is confined to the surface and near-surface soils.
35291,05/OMX)
E/ROD'ma                                   5-1

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o
20
m
3
n
•a
o
8
o
OQ
O
       A-47O9
WEST
     A
   170  -i
            160
                       SEISMIC TRAVERSE UNE
                       INTERSECTION
            ISO  -
       I
       fc
       ff
            130
            120 -
            110 -
            too -
                                                                                    SPILL SITE
                                                      OHMO STORAGE AREA
                                            OELTAIC/NEAR SHORE DEPOSITS
                                                   (SAND SP/SM)
EAST
A'

-  I/O


-  160


-  ISO
                                                                 OLACtAt LACUSTRINE/DEEP WATER DEPOSITS
                                                                              (CLAV
                                                        GLACIAL TILL
                                                (SILT. SAND AND GRAVEL SW/ML)
                                                                       CARBONATE BEDROCK
                                                                                                                                in
                                                                                                                       ui
                                                                                                                       IL

                                                                                                                  130   O
                                                                                                                       4
                                                                                                                         - 120  "»
                                                                                                                         . no
                                                                                                                         - too
                                             LEGEND
                                                      MONITORING WELL 2" PVC
                                              WI^JB*.^***


                                                  ?   WATER LEVEL
                 SCALE IN FEET
        0            200           400
          VERTICAL EXAGGERATION 10:1
                                                      SCREEN INTERVAL
                                                                               NOTE:
                                                                               PROFILE REPRESENTS AN INTERPRETATION OF AVAILABLE
                                                                               SUBSURFACE EXPLORATIONS. ACTUAL CONDITIONS MAY
                                                                                        I THOSE (SHOWN IN I MIS HGUHE

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                                                      LEGEND
                                                        154 GROUNDWATER ELEVATION CONTOUR
                                                           MONITORING WELL
                                                           SURFACE DRAINAGE
FIGURE 5-2  Potentiometric Surface - January 1989
                                                                                    9201163C

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AC-47IZ
                                                                                                      1=100 1/28/93-1
    600
       LEGEND:

  A   1991 SOIL SAMPLE


  9   MONITORING WELL


I I I M I  RAILROAD  TRACK


^»^^  TREELINE


       GRIDLINES


•*	H-  FENCE
   LEGEND


O  DDT < 0.27 MG/KG


(D  DDT 0.27 - I.O MG/KG


   DDT 1.0 - 10 MG/KG


Q  DDT 10 - 100 MG/KG


•  DDT > IOO MG/KG
                                                                              SOURCE

                                                                              ABB ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC.

                                                                              FEBRUARY 1992
                                                                                      100
                                                                       100
                                                                                          SCALE  IN FEET
                1
SUMMARY OF DOT SCREENING DATA
             DRMO SS-OII
                                                                                            1
                                                      FIGURE  5-3

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                                    TABLE 5-1

 •SUMMARY OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC CHEMICALS REMAINING ON SITE


MATRIX



















Soil (1)












Groundwater (2)



CHEMICAL
Tetrachloroelhene
Xylene (Total)
bis(2-elhylnexyl)phthalate
DOO
DDE
DDT
alpha-Chlordane
gamrna-Chlordane
Methoxychlor
beta-BHC
Dieldrin
Heptachlor
Aroclor-1260
Heptachlor Epoxide
Aluminum
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Vanadium
Zinc
2-Butanone*
1,2-Dichloroethene (total)*
Benzene*
Naphthalene*
bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate*
MAXIMUM DETECTED
CONCENTRATION
(ppm)
0.014
0.009
0.530
4.200
0.670
13.00
0.220
0.330
0.065
0.029
0.078
0.060
8.100
0.076
10.900
100
2.600
9.200
15.900
61
40
79,200
75
10.300
570
0.630
16
2,740
109
135
0.026
0.0015
0.001
0.0045
0.0075
(1)     Includes surface and subsurface soils.

(2)     Onsite wells only (MW-11-002; MW-11-003; MW-11-004)

*      Analyte detected in one or more upgradient well.
33291.03/06/00
E/ROD/mm

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        Soil containing DDT at levels exceeding 10 mg/kg was excavated and removed from the
site during the removal action (Section 4.0).  Three confirmatory soil sample concentrations were
found to marginally exceed the target cleanup level. In November 1992, additional borings were
advanced and  soil samples taken to further define the post-removal action distribution of DDT.
As a result of  the supplemental sampling data, NYSDEC and USEPA accepted the soil removal
action as removing all soil contaminated above the 10 ppm cleanup level.  The distribution of
post-excavation residual DDT is depicted on Figure 5-4.   Because hydrocarbons found at the
DRMO are associated with the DDT, this removal action based on DDT level has removed most
of the PHC-contaminated soil as well.  No PCBs were detected in any soil sample taken in the
vicinity of the transformer spill area.   However, PCBs were detected near the pesticide spill,
including  one subsurface detection outside the excavated area  and one at the base of the
excavation.

        Halogenated organic chemicals, especially TCE  and  DCE, are present  at detectable
concentrations in groundwater samples collected  from wells  upgradient of the  DRMO.  All
analytes detected in onsite wells were also detected  in the upgradient well network.  The analytes
were  also  found to be  at higher  concentrations in  the upgradient wells compared to the
concentrations observed in the onsite wells.  Therefore, groundwater contamination present in
wells  on site  is likely due to an  upgradient source.  This upgradient contaminant  source is
currently under investigation as part of the Remedial Investigation at SS-017.

        A more detailed description of the site's physical and chemical characteristics may be
found in the Administrative Record.
33291.05/06000
E/ROD/ma                                   5-2

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AC-4706
                                                                                                   I=IOO 1/26/93-1
        LEGEND:

   A   1991 SOIL SAMPLE

   •   MONITORING WELL
LEGEND
                                                                         SOURCE

                                                                         ABB ENVIRONMENTAL  SERVICES, INC.
                                                                         FEBRUARY 1992
I 1 I t I I  RAILROAD TRACK  I


^-^-^-^.  TREELINE


       GRIDLINES


-H	K-  FENCE
                           J  O <  0.27 MG/KG
(D  027 - 1.0 MG/KG   VALUES FROM EXCAVATED AREA
                  ARE TAKEN FROM THE  BASE OF         '00

                  THE EXCAVATION PRIOR  TO BACKFILLING
                             $ 1.0 - 10.0 MG/KG
                                                                                                         100
                             0 10.0   13.0 MG/KG   WITH CLEAN  SOIL
                                                           SCALE  IN  FEET
               1
                    ORMO SS-OII
       POST  - EXCAVATION  RESIDUAL DDT
                                                                                          1
FIGURE 5-4

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 6.0     SUMMARY OF SITE RISKS

        A baseline risk assessment (RA) was conducted as part of the RI to evaluate whether site
 contaminants pose an unacceptable risk to public health or the environment.

 6.1     Contaminated Media

        Contaminated media  evaluated in  the RA for SS-011  include soils, both surface and
 shallow subsurface, and groundwater.  Soil contamination at SS-011, attributable to reported
 spillage of containerized pesticides in a petroleum-based carrier, occurred along the eastern edge
 of the DRMO yard from 1970 through 1972.  A removal  action undertaken in August 1991
 included excavation of soils contaminated with greater than 10 mg/kg of DDT and subsequent
 offsite disposal or incineration of the contaminated soil. In addition, a transformer (PCB oil) spill
 occurred during the winter of 1981  in the northwest corner of the paved yard.  The spilled fluids
 were immediately cleaned  off the frozen  pavement  surface and the area was  excavated the
 following spring.  The extent of PCB occurrence at the DRMO has  been demonstrated by
 extensive surface and  subsurface  soil  and  groundwater  sampling  during  the  Remedial
 Investigation.

       Some organic contaminants were detected in groundwater samples collected from the 3
 monitoring wells  located on site.   A larger suite of chemicals,  including all the contaminants
 detected  at SS-011, has been detected in  monitoring wells immediately  upgradient from the
 DRMO.  This suggests an upgradient source for some or all of the contaminants detected in
 groundwater at SS-011.

 6.2    Contaminants of Concern

       In order to make a comprehensive  assessment of the  human health risk posed by the
 contaminated media at SS-011, all analytes detected in  non-excavated soil and groundwater at the
 site are considered to be contaminants of concern.  These analytes are listed by matrix in Table
 6-1.

 6.3    Exposure Scenarios
       Three human exposure scenarios were evaluated as part of the RA, including:

       1)      Present Use - Potentially exposed populations include base workers at the DRMO
               and youth trespassers (ages 6-18). The routes of exposure are limited to dermal
               contact with and incidental ingestion of contaminated surface soils.

       2)      Future Residential Construction - In this scenario, the base is considered closed
               and residential development of the SS-011 site is  in  the construction stage.
               Construction workers are the exposed population. Exposure would result from
               incidental ingestion, dermal contact, or inhalation of fugitive  dust.
35291 .OHO6KO
E/ROD/mm                                    6-1

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                              TABLE 6-1

                     CONTAMINANTS OF CONCERN
                    UTILIZED IN RISK ASSESSMENT
                            DRMO SS-011
MATRIX






Surface Soils













All Soils (Surface and Subsurface)







Groundwater

CONTAMINANTS OF
DDD
DDE
DDT
alpha -Chlordane
gamma-C hlordane
Melhoxychlor
Aluminum
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium


Tetrachloroelhene
Xylene (Total)
bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
DDD
DDE
DDT
alpha-C hlordane
gamma-C hlordane
Methoxychlor
beta-BHC
Dicldrin
Hcptachlor
Aroclor-1260
Heptachlor Epoxide

2-Butanone
1,2-Dichloroethcne (total)
Benzene
Naphthalene
bis(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalate
CONCERN
Calcium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Vanadium
Zinc
Aluminum
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Banadium
Zinc




33291.05/06/00
E/ROD/mjn

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        3)     Completed  Future Residential  Development - In  this scenario,  the base is
               considered closed, residential development of SS-011  has been completed,  and
               the development has been occupied.  The exposed populations include children
               and  adults  exposed  via  dermal  contact  with  or  incidental  ingestion  of
               contaminated surface  soils or  subsurface soils that  have been  disturbed  by
               construction activities.   Ingestion of contaminated ground water and inhalation
               of vapor-phase chemicals while showering (adults only) is also considered in  this
               scenario.

6.4     Risks to Human  Populations

        Based upon the results of the  RA, no threat to public health is  posed by  contaminants
present at SS-011.  No unacceptable carcinogenic or chronic risk based upon USEPA guidelines
is evident given the Present Use and Future Residential Construction scenarios.

        Analysis of risk given the  Completed Future Residential Development scenario yields a
hazard  index (chronic risk) of less than one, which  indicates that the noncarcinogenic risk is
acceptable.  The cancer risk is 2x10"*.  This  indicates that 20 additional  persons  out of one
million are at risk of developing cancer if no further action is taken and the site is developed
according to this scenario  as outlined in the RA. This risk is within the acceptable  range (1x10*
to 1x10"*) established for remedial action by the National Contingency Plan.

        A summary of calculated  carcinogenic and chronic risks for each exposure  scenario is
presented in Table 6-2.

6.5     Summary of Environmental Risks

        An ecological exposure assessment, hazard  identification,  and risk  assessment  were
undertaken to evaluate the potential for exposure of terrestrial receptors to chemicals at SS-011,
and to quantify any adverse affects. Based  upon this analysis, minimal individual effects and no
significant population-level effects to ecological  receptors are expected.
35291.03/06/00
E/ROO/nn                                     6-2

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                                   TABLE 6-2

                     SUMMARY OF HUMAN HEALTH RISKS
SCENARIO
Present Use
Future
Residential
Construction
Completed
Future
Residential
Development
PATHWAY
Oermai Contact
with Soil
Ingestion of Soil
Dermal Contact
with Soil
Ingestion of Soil
Inhalation of
Fugitive Oust
Dermal Contact
with Soil
Ingestion of Soil
Ingestion of
Ground water
Inhalation of Vapor
While Showering
RECEPTOR
Worker
Youth
Worker
Youth
Worker
Worker
Worker
Child/ Adult
Child/Adult
Child/Adult
Child/Adult
CANCER RISK
NV
NV
3x10''
8xlO'7
lxlO'7
3xlO-7
5x10"'
IxlO'5
IxlO-5
2x10-°
2x10-"
HAZARD
QUOTIENT
5x1 (T
2xlO-2
7x10-"
4xlO'2
NV
3xlO'5
2xlO'2
2xlO'2
2xlO'1
3xlO':
3xlO-3
NV = No value calculated since USEPA - approved dermal absorption factors were unavailable
for contaminants of concern.
33291.05/06/00
E/ROD/mm

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7.0    DESCRIPTION OF THE NO FURTHER ACTION PREFERRED ALTERNATIVE

       The removal action undertaken in 1991 was considered to be protective of human health
and the environment, and to be ARAR-compliant by NYSDEC and USEPA who approved the
Target Cleanup Level on July 23, 1990.  Sampling and analysis  were conducted  concurrently
during removal activities, to determine the adequacy of the removal action, and for use in the
baseline risk  assessment  (RA).   Results of the RA show  that the  removal action was  fully
effective in achieving protection of human health and the environment. Therefore, no alternatives
other than a No Further Action alternative were considered.  No Further Action is the single and
the preferred alternative.  This alternative includes the following elements:

       1)      No further action will be undertaken at SS-011  to reduce site contaminants
               beyond their current levels.

       2)      Inspections will be conducted to assess the general condition of the site, including
               the progress of revegetation  in areas disturbed by the removal action and the
               potential effects  of runoff from or onto the site.   The  first inspection was
           •   completed in  1992.  Future inspections are planned at 5-year intervals.   After
               each  inspection,  an  evaluation will be undertaken to insure  the continued
               protection of human health and the environment.
       The upgradient groundwater contamination that was detected during investigations at Site
SS-011 will be dealt with in a separate remedial investigation as part of the IRP.
35291.01/10600
E/ROD/oa                                   7-1

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9.0    STATE ROLE

       NYSDEC, on  behalf of the State of New York, has  reviewed the RI,  RA, and the
preferred alternative, both from the viewpoint of health and environmental risk,  and from the
viewpoint of compliance with ARARs.  NYSDEC concurs with the selection of the preferred
alternative. A copy of NYSDEC's declaration of concurrence may be found in Appendix A.
33291.03/06/00
E/ROD/mm                                  9-1

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8.0    DOCUMEiNTATION OF NO SIGNIFICANT CHANGES

       The chosen remedial action for SS-011 is No Further Action. This action does not differ
from the preferred alternative presented in the Proposed Plan.
35291.05/0*00
E/ROD/mm                                 g.[

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