ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
AGENCY
JUSTIFICATION OF APPROPRIATION ESTIMATES
FOR COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS,
FISCAL YEAR 1985
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
AGENCY
PRO"
JUSTIFICATION OF APPROPRIATION ESTIMATES
FOR COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS,
FISCAL YEAR 1985
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
SUBJECT INDEX 6
SUMMARY S-l
AIR A-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Oxidants A-9
Hazardous Air Pollutants ..... A-21
Mobil e Sources .-.-..... ..... A-32
Gases & Particles A-41.
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning & Standards.-....-.. A-55
Emission Standards & Technology Assessment........... A-58
Pollutant Strategies & Air Standards Development.......-,..' A-59
State Program Guidelines & Regulations Development. '..... A-60
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy...;'"». r A-62
Emission Standards, Technical Assessment & Characterization..... A-64
Testing, Technical & Administrative Support..... A-65
Emissions & Fuel Economy Compliance ... A-66
State Programs Resource Assistance A-68
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants), A-7l
Training .. A-72
Air Quality Management Implementation A-73
Trends Monitoring & Progress Assessment A-77
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring * A-79
Air Quality & Emissions Data Analysis & Progress Assessment A-81
ENFORCEMENT .-
Stationary Source Enforcement ., A-85
Mobile Source Enforcement ,-. A-89
WATER QUALITY WQ-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Water Quality Research WQ-10
Municipal Wastewater *..*.-....' WQ-23
Industrial Wastewater .....:..: WQ-31
ABATEMENT & CONTROL ,
Water Quality and Grants Program Management ....... WQ-40
Water Quality Management , '. WQ-42
Great Lakes Program WQ-45
Chesapeake Bay Program WQ-46
Effluent Standards 5 Guidelines WQ-49
Grants Assistance Programs WQ-54
Clean Lakes Program WQ-55
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section ;106)............ WQ-56
Training Grants (Section 104) \ WQ-57
Water Quality Strategies Implementation ; WQ-59
Dredge & Fill '. WQ-62
Ocean Disposal Permits WC-63
Environmental Emergency Response 3 Prevention. WQ-65
Standards & Regulations WQ-66
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WATER QUALITY (cqnt.) PAGE
Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis WQ-69
Munici pal Sourqe Control WQ-73
Municipal Waste: Treatment Facility Construction WQ-75
Corps. qf , Engineers. WQ-79
Waste Treatment Operations & Maintenance WQ-80
ENFORCEMENT , .........
Water Quality Enforcement WQ-83
Water Quality .Permit .Issuance WQT87
DRINKING WATER DW-1
RESEARCH % DEVELOPMENT
Drinking Water Research DW-8
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Drinking Water ..Criteria,. Standards & Guidelines DW-23
Dri: nki ng Wa.te;r . State Program Resource Assi stance DW-28
' Public Wate.r Systems .Supervision Program Grants DW-29
Undergr.pu,nd Iflje^&i.qn Control Program Grants DW-31
Speci al Studi es & Demonstrations DW-32
Traini ngi........... ..'.'.'. DW-33
Dri,nMng .Water .Management.,,. DW-34
Public Water Systems.,Supervision Program Assistance DW-36
^.Underground Injection .Control Program DW-39
ENFORCEMENT ... ^..... i ,
Dri.nki ng Water Enforcement DW-42
r- . '"*
HAZARDOUS WASTE HW-1
RESEARCH; & DEVELOPMENf "
.Hazardou.? Waste.Research..,,,.. HW-8
ABAT.EME;NT & CONJRftL
Waste Management .Regulations;, .Guidelines and Policies HW-25
Regulations, Guidelines & Policies - Hazardous Waste HW-27
Fi nanci al Assistance.. HW-31
Hazardous Was.te Management Financial Assistance to States HW-32
Wast;e Management. St.ratieg,i..es..Impl.ementation HW-35
Hazardous Waste. .Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation. HW-36
ENFORCEMENT, .,,.,,,...,.
Hazardous Waste Enforcement HW-41
PESTICIDES' P-I '
RESEARCH & QE.VELPPME.NT ... , . ,.. .
Pesticides Research... P-8
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Registration, Special Regi stratio.n & Tolerances P-20.
Regi strati on... P-22
Special Regi stration P-25.
-.., ...Tolerances................. ^. -P-2-7
Generic Chemica.! ..Rev.iew.... ». P-29
/.-/Generic. .Chemical .Reyi,e,w.... P-31
'...Special Reviews:--.Environmental. Impact Statement (EIS)
. .. Preparation......,,.,..^-»........:. P-33
ENFORCEMENT . . , -, n^.;;,,. .
;:>Pes.t-!icides,. ,En.fprceme.nt. p-3^
. : . 'Pesticides. En.for.c,ement.,......-,,..:.; P-39
Pestic.i.de.s. .Enfor.QeiiiefltiGra.nts,....- P-40
Pesticides Certification & Training P-41
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RADIATION
R-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Nonionizing Radiation
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines.
Radiation Program Implementation
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment..
INTERDISCIPLINARY
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT :'":'
Intenmedi a Programs .;'..'."..
ABATEMENT & CONTROL J
NEPA Compliance & Federal Agencies Compliance..-.;... .:.';..:.;
NEPA Compl i ance ;.;.;....
Federal Agenci es Compl i ance V..; .'v.';..'.
Accelerated Review and Permitting .\.;:..:;.;
Interdi sci pi i nary Training Grants .:;..... i.;. ."r......'.
ENFORCEMENT ... .- ....
Enforcement Policy & Technical Support..* «....^':.;.*-;
Technical Support - Office of Enforcement's Compliance ;£
Moni tori ng .'i.......
Enforcement Policy & Operations
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Chemical Testing & Assessment
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Toxic Substances Strategies «...*.
Toxics Integration
Chemical Testing .
Exi sti ng Chemi cal Revi ew ,
New Chemi cal Revi ew
ENFORCEMENT '
Toxic Substances Enforcement i;. ,-i\.
Toxic Substances Enforcement ;.-.'.--j::;.;'..f.'
Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants
R-5
R-12
R-15
R-18
1-1
1-19
: -1-^21
1-22
1-23
-''1-26
~t'S'f
- '1-29
:-: 1-33
,i ' - - ! '
TS-1
; ' ^.r> A '.J )'j
'Ts-9"
TS-3'6
TS-32
TS-35
TS-38
TS-43
TS-45
TS-4S-
ENERGY
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Multi-Media Energy..
E-l
-E-S ;
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Managment
Program Management
Program Management
Program Management
Program Management
Program Management
Program Management
Program Management
- Program Management
Air & Radiation. v.'i'ri'..
Water ^..-..'. .-'iV-.
Enforcement & Compliance '.Monitoring':
External Af fai rs. .,..,.>...+..-...,-. .:;::.
Pesticides & Toxic Substances
General Counsel ,;i';.;. :
Research & Development......':'.1."';......:
Solid Wasted Emergency Resp'ort's%."l...
MS-8
'-MS-13
': MS-13
MS-14
'MS-IS
'- MS-16
'MS-17
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MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT (cont.) PAGE
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices MS-19
Immediate Office of the Administrator MS-24
Office of Regional Operations MS-25
Office of Management Services MS-25
Office of Executive Secretariat MS-26
Regulatory Information Service Center MS-26
Administrator's Representation Fund MS-27
Office of International Activities MS-27
Office of.Civil Rights MS-28
Science Advi sory'Board. MS-29
Office.of Administrative Law Judges MS-30
Office of Small 8-Dis advantaged Business Utilization MS-31
.. Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation MS-32
Program Management - Policy, Planning 8 Evaluation MS-35
Integrated-Environmental Management Program MS-36
Of f ice of - Po 1 icy Ana 1 ysi s MS-37
Office .of-Standards"'-and Regulations MS-38
Off ice -of Management Systems & Evaluation MS-39
Off ice .of General" Courisel. I...- MS-41
General. -Counsel. .V.0.' MS-42
Of.fice .of .External Affairs MS-44
: 1 Office of Legvslati-ve -Analysis MS-48
i ';.' Office -of- Congressional Liaison MS-49
- ; Office of Public- -Affairs.; MS-50
' , Office of-In-tergove'rinmental Liaison MS-50
- -" - Office 'of Federal 'Activities MS-51
Office of .Inspector- General MS-53
Office of Administration and Resources Management MS-56
Program Management - Administration MS-61
Financial Management - Headquarters MS-62
:-'. Office of the Comptroller...... MS-63
Contracts 8 Grants-Management MS-63
Personnel 8 Organization Services MS-65
Facilities & Management Services MS-66
Information Systems 8 Services MS-67
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management. ..-.....-.;..-. MS-69
Resource Management-- Regions*;.. MS-72
. Financial Management- --Regions. MS-73
.: . Personnel Management- --Regions;;-.. MS-74
; Administrative- Management - Regions MS-75
Regional Management i ;.*.;*;;;;...: MS-76
Regional Counsel;..i.iv.. J'.'i;'... i MS-77
?> "-Planning, Evaluation'8 Analysis - Regions MS-78
SUPPORT COSTS ...
Support Costs MS-80
Professional Training...... MS-82
-- 'Nationwide Support Services MS-83
Headquarters Support Services MS-84
Regional Support Services MS-84
Automated Data Processing Support Costs MS-85
Lab Support - Research 8 Development MS-86
Lab Support - Ai r 8 Radiation MS-86
Lab Support - Pesticides 8 Toxic Substances MS-87
BUILDINGS 8 FACILITIES BF-1
Buildings and Facilities BF-3
New Facilities BF-5
Repairs 8 Improvements BF-6
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CONSTRUCTION GRANTS «:!("'-: CG-1
Construction Grants ;.......'.;......... CG-2
SUPERFUND , -:' I.-!-' - SF-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT . r . V . -:
Hazardous Substances Research .........;. SF-9
ENFORCEMENT .. 7. -...''
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement SF-21
Hazardous Substance Technical Support - Office of Enforcement..-!-
& Compliance Monitoring .......i........... SF-24
Hazardous Substance Technical Enforcement ....;........... SF-24
Hazardous Substance Legal Enforcement ............;....... SF-26
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT .-., -..;
Managements Support . SF-29
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Headq.uarters...i.>..-... SF-36
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Reg1oijs*-.,iv.-».....;s..-../ SF-36
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management --Headquarters.... SF-37
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management - Regions. ,,i.......:-., "SF-38
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Headquarters..........,._......y.-v-.v; SF-39
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Regions. .>..=....-.:...;-.-..- SF-39
Hazardous Substance Computer Services ...v.'.vi ...v. ' J. SF-40
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Headquarters. ....>!....*..... '" SF-40
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Regions......-.1.........7....... SF-41
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Inspector Gener.al......'..*,.. SF-42
Hazardous Substance - Office of Policy, Planning & .Evaluation..-. * SF-43
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Comptroller-^,v,;.^..-.»-.;.....% . SF-43
Hazardous Substance - Office of Research & Development,- A < --. : '
Lab Suppo rt v.w. v.". .-^.. .- ' SF-44
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE ACTIONS . , , ,-<:i,, ,Ui -. -=>'"
Hazardous Substance Response - EPA .....;...i......,.-i.."....,, SF-46
Hazardous Spill & Site Response ...vi.,...<..,;.''..-.....( SF-48
Assessing S Replacing Natural Resources... SF-51
Multi -media Support SF-52
Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency -.,.»...- SF-53
Department of Health & Human Services (HHS) .....'.......< SF-56
United States Coast Guard (USCG) ,,..ff,n..^...\. .SF-57
Department of Justice (DOJ) ..,..'.. ,i..k-...i.-.;.'..;i.-.. SF-57
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)i,.......r.....j-jii.;.... SF-58
FEMA - Relocation ..."..> >....;.;;.'...... SF-58
National Oceanographic & Atmospheric. Administration.. (-NOAA);;..;. SF-58
Department of Interior (DOI) .............*.'.......-..... - SF-58
Occupational Safety & Health Administration (QSHA) -._;-,,, , : .-.
He a dq ua rt e rs i.,'.. <; i.,. . 4. ., -T: , .»... t.. . .. - S F -5 9
Hazardous Waste Site Inventory ...."... . SF,6'1-
.-..-;-:. .-".-dcj.
SPECIAL ANALYSIS " '.:"',.\t- :- .,-' ,,'",'v-' ,''' -,iSA-l
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Subject Index By Media
AIR : Page
Academi c Trai ni ng A-72
Air Quality Monitoring A-79
Air Toxics. A-59,71,74
Chi na Studi es A-49
Compliance M.omtoring. .Inspections A-85
Control Technology Development A-18,30,50,58
Emission Waivers. A-90
En forcement A-85,90
Epidemiology A-17,49
Fuel Economy. ..j. , A-65,66
Fuel s Programs... .,. A-91
Hazardous Air Pollutants A-26,59
Health Effects Institute A-39
Indoor Ai r-. f A-28
Inspection and Maintenance Program A-64
In-use Emission Factors A-65
Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory A-66
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) A-59
National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) A-19
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs) A-58
New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) A-58
Prevention of .Significant Deterioration A-75
Recall of In-Use Vehicles. A-90
Regional Programs................ A-74,79
Selective Enforcement. Audits A-90
State Grants A-71
State Implementation P.lans (SIP) A-60,74
Stationary Source Enforcement A-85
Tampering and Fuel Switching A-90
Trai ni ng Courses A-72
WATER QUALITY ' '... .,' ".'.'...'.. ].'.','.'.'.
Academic Traini ng. WQ-57
Advanced Wastewater Treatment Reviews WQ-76
Aquatic Monitoring Methods WQ-72
Bi omoni tori ng WQ-70
Chesapeake Bay Program WQ-46
Const ructi on, Grant s, Management WQ-7 5
Clean Lakes,;.... ,.,..,. ,.,..., WQ-55,68
Combined Sewer.-Overfl ow... WQ-77
Corps of Engineers WQ-20,79
Di oxi-n WQ-70
Effluen.t Guide!ines...... ..... WQ-37,50
Emergency Response..,.,. WQ-65
Enforcement. ;.->; >.... WQ-84
Great Lakes .Program.:,. ...
Research, and Development...... WQ-16,21
Abatement and Control..,.,.., WQ-45
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Subject Index by Media
(Continued)
HATER QUALITY (Continued) Page
Grosse He Laboratory WQ-5
Innovative and Alternative Technologies '?WQ-26,76
International Pollution Control Agreements WQ-20,45
Marine Outfalls - Section 301(h) WQ-79,89
Ocean Disposal ..... WQ-15,19,63
Operations and Maintenance WQ-80
Operator Training WQ-78
Pretreatment WQ-26,29,85,89
SI udge Man agement WQ-26,76
State Grants WQ-55
Toxic Pollutants Research WQ-26,29,34,36
Wastewater Treatment Compliance .. WQ-26,29,80,84
Water Quality Permit Issuance WQ-88 -
Wetlands (Section 404) -WQ-62-,67
'''', i y- : *. :
"-> .1. r ':. ..-'':
DRINKING WATER - <' "
Academic Training DW-33
Enforcement ......... DW-43'
Epidemiology .'.-.... DW-16 -
Ground Water Activities .;....... .'DW-24v37 "
Ground Water Research Activities -'DW-13,-16,20
Health Advisories - DW-7,13,24
Health Effects .'';' DW-13,25
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations - DW-13,15,24
National Rural Water Association '.. DW-32
Public Water Systems Supervision (PWS) DW-24,29,36
Quality Assurance DW-13,15
Small Systems Engineering Research DW-13,19
State Grants OW-29
Surface Impoundments DW-25
Temik Research DW-14,20
Underground Injection Control DW-24,31,39
Water Utilities Industry Cooperative Research DW-13,18
HAZARDOUS WASTE -
Compl iance Inspections l^'iY..ivi.--';"HW-32,43
Dioxin HW-13-16',19,'20,22
Enforcement ..*..;. .'.--- HW-33,-43 - ' '
Ground Water Monitoring . ....-...- HW-15 ": '"'-'
Hazardous Spills Research ........-..-« HW-14-17,19-23 "
Incineration -..;.......,v'c - HW-15,16,18,20,21
Innovative/Alternative Technologies .....-.,.». ;HW-18,20 :"-..;"
Landf il 1 s .-..,....- HW-18,20 :: - .
Li sti ng/Del i sti ng - -HW-c28-;.-29 - -.'.
Moni tori ng Methods V.-.i .r.. -'HW:-14-1T :. ..-
Permi tti ng .:.-.; ' HWi32.,38 ;
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Subject Index by Media
(Continued)
HAZARDOUS WASTE (Continued) Page
Qua 1 ity Assurance HW-15-17
Regulation Development HW-27-29
Risk Assessment HW-13-14
State Authorizations HW-27,37
State Grants HW-32-34
Surface Impoundments HW-18,20,21
Waste Characteri zation HW-15-17
PESTICIDES
Back!og Elimination P-26,28
Biological Control Agents/Pesticides P-3,16,22
Certification and. Training, P-41
Colorado Enforcement Program P-39
Emergency Exemptions P-26
Enforcement ....., P-37
Ethylene Di bromide. P-33
Nebraska Enforcement Program P-39
Pesticide Enforcement Grants P-40
Protect i ve Cl othi ng P-17,23
Regi strati on Fees.. P-23
Registration Standards P-32
Reregi strati on P-32
State Grants P-40
State Regi strations P-26
Tol erance Fees P-27
RADIATION
Airborne Radionuclide Standards R-13
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System R-20
Federal Radiation Protection Guidance R-10,13
Health Effects Research , R-10
Nevada Nuclear Test. Site ,. R-8
Radiological Emergency Response, Plans R-16
Uranium Mill Tailing Standards R-13
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Academi c Trai ni ng 1-27
Accelerated Review.and Permitting 1-25
Case Referral s .,....,. 1-33
Compl i ance Moni tori ng.., 1-33
Criminal Investigations 1-31,33
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Subject Index by Media
(Continued)
INTERDISCIPLINARY (Continued) Page
Economic Benefits Research I-10
Enforcement 1-31
Enforcement Operations I-33
Enforcement Policy 1-33
Evidence Audits 1-31
Expl oratory Research 1-14
Federal Agencies Compliance 1-22
Litigation 1-33
Mussel watch 1-15
National Enforcement Investigation Center (NEIC) 1-31
NEPA Compliance Program Consolidated 1-21
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring .. 1-31
Qua 1 i ty Ass uranee 1-16
Risk Assessment Guidelines 1-11
Tecnni cal Support 1-31
Visiting Scientist Program 1-15
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Asbestos Regul ati ons TS-36
Chemical Substances Information Network (CSIN) TS-30
Di oxi n Control TS-46
Enforcement .. TS-45
Epidemi ol ogy TS-18
Geneti c Engineeri ng TS-20,38
Interagency Testing Committee (ITC) TS-32
MBOCA [4,4l-methylene Bis (2-Chloraniline)] TS-36
MDA (4,4l-methyl enedi anil i ne) TS-36
National Center for Toxicological Research TS-25
Polychlorinated Biphenynls (PCB) TS-17,36,46
Ri sk Li st TS-39
Stratospheri c Modi f i cation TS-24
Test Guidel i nes TS-33
Test Rules TS-32
Toxic/Chemical Integration Efforts TS-30
ENERGY
Acid Rain E-10
Advanced Utility Simulation Model (AUSM) vs. Industrial Models... E-ll
Limestone Injection Multi-stage Burner (LIMB)..... .-....'..... E-16 '
Liming ..i E-10
National Lake Survey .;;... E-10
Synthetic Fuels .....*. E-15,16
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Subject Index by Media
(Continued)
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT Page
Automated Data Processing (ADP) Modernization MS-85
Fi seal Integrity MS-62
Legal Advice MS-42,77
Legislation/Congressional Liaison Activities MS-47
Maintenance and Repair Projects BF-6
Management Systems Integrated MS-67
Managing for Environmental Results MS-39
New Radiation Laboratory BF-5
Office of General Counsel MS-42
Regulatory Reform - OPPE MS-38
Support Services MS-80
SUPERFUND
Cost Recovery - Superfund SF-23,24,26
Dioxin SF-24,25,27,49
Emergency Response SF-49
En fore ement SF -23
Engi neering Evaluations SF-15-18
Hazardous Waste Site Inventory SF-62
Health Assessments SF-13-14
Interagency SF-55
Management SF-35
Private Party Settlements SF-23,24,26
Quality Assurance SF-14,15
RCRA Section 3012 SF-62
Remedi al Response SF-49
State Programs SF-50
Suppl emental SF-25,37,39,
40,50
10
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Alphabetical Subject Index
Academic Training:
Ai r A-72
Water Quali ty WQ-57
DM nki ng Water WQ-33
Interdi sci pi i na ry 1-27
Acid Rain E-10
Advanced Wastewater Treatment Reviews WQ-76
Advanced Utility Simulation Model (AUSM) E-ll
Airborne Radionuclide Standards R-13
Asbestos Regul ati on TS-36,37
Automated Data Processing Consolidation (ADPC) MS-85
1
Biomonitoring A-19; 1-15; WQ-70
Biological Control Agents/Pesticides P-16
£
Certification and Training P-41
Chemical Substances Information Network (CSIN) TS-30,31
Chesapeake Bay Program WQ-46
China Studies A-49; WQ-20
Cl ean Lakes WQ-55
Combined Sewer Overflow WQ-77
Compliance Monitoring Inspections -Air A-85
Compliance Monitoring Interdisciplinary 1-33
Construction Grants Management WQ-75
Corps of Engineers WQ-20,79; SF-49-50
Cost Recovery - Superfund SF-23
Criminal Investigation 1-31,33
£
Dioxin Control WQ-70; HW-13-16,
19,20,22; TS-46;
SF-24,25,27,49
Dredge and Fill (Section 404) WQ-62
IE
Economic Benefits Research 1-10
Ef f 1 uent Gui del i nes WQ-37,50
Emergency Response SF-49; WQ-65
Enforcement - Legal:
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring 1-31
Enforcement Policy and Operations 1-33
Criminal Investigations 1-31,33
National Enforcement Investigation Center (NEIC) 1-31
General Counsel MS-42
Regional Counsel MS-77
11
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Alphabetical Subject Index
(Continued)
E_ (Continued)
Enforcement - Technical:
Air Stationary Source Enforcement ................................. A-85
Air Mobile Source Enforcement ..................................... A-90
Dri nki ng Water Enforcement ........................................ DW-43
Hazardous Waste Enforcement ....................................... HW-43
Pesticides Enforcement ............................................ P-36
Toxic Substances Enforcement ...................................... TS-45
Water Quality Enforcement ......................................... WQ-84
Water Quality Permit Issuance ..................................... WQ-88
Supe rf und Enforcement ............................................. SF-23
Environmental Evaluations (Superfund) ............................... SF-15-18
Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System ................... R-20
Epi demi ol ogy [[[ A-17 ,49; WQ-27 ;
DW-16; TS-18,19
Ethylene Dibromide .................................................. P-33
Evidence Audi ts [[[ 1-31
Expl oratory Research ................................................ I -14
F_
Federal Agencies Compliance ......................................... 1-22
Federal Radiation Protection Guidance ............................... R-10,13
Genetic Engi neeri ng ................................................. TS-20, 38
Great Lakes Program:
Research and Development .......................................... WQ-16,21
Abatement and Control ............................................. WQ-45
Grosse He Laboratory ............................................... WQ-5
Ground Water Activities ............................................. DW-24,37
Ground Water Monitoring ............................................. HW-15
Ground Water Research ............................................... DW-13,16,20; HW-15
Hazardous Air Pollutants ............................................ A-26,59
Hazardous Waste Site Inventory ...................................... SF-62
Hazardous Spills Research ...... . .................................... HW-14, 17, 19-23
Health Effects Institute - Air ...................................... A-39
Health Effects Research - Drinking Water ............................ DW-13
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Alphabetical Subject Index
(Continued)
I
Incineration [[[ HW-15,16,18,20,21
Indoor Ai r [[[ A-28
Innovative and Alternative Technologies:
Water Qual i ty [[[ WQ-26, 76
Hazardous Waste [[[ HW-18
Inspection and Maintenance Program .................................. A-64
Interagency Testing Committee (ITC) ................................. TS-32,33
Integrated Environmental Management ................................. MS-36
I
Landfills [[[ HW-18, 20
Legislation/Congressional Liaison Activities ........................ MS-47
Limestone Injection Multi-Stage Burner (LIMB) ....................... E-16
Li sting/Deli sting [[[ HW-28,29
Li mi ng [[[ E-10
Management [[[ MS -3
Management Systems Integrated ....................................... MS-67
Marine Outfalls - Section 301(h) .................................... WQ-79,89
MBOCA [4, 4'-methylene Bis (2-Chloraniline)] ........................ TS-36
MDA (4, 4' -methyl enedi aniline) ...................................... TS-36
Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory .................................. A-66
Mussel watch [[[ 1-15
Ji
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) ...................... A-59
National Center for Toxicological Research .......................... TS-25
National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN) ....................... A-19
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs).. A-58
National Enforcement Investigation Center (NEIC) .................... 1-31
National Lake Survey ................................................ E-10
National Rural Water Association .................................. ... DW-32
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Alphabetical Subject Index
(Continued)
Permitting - Hazardous Waste ........................................ HW-32,38
Pesticide Enforcement Grants ........................................ P-40
Polychlorinated Biphenynls (PCB) Disposal ........................... TS-36,46
Polychlorinated Biphenynls (PCB) Rules .............................. TS-17,36
Premarket Manufacture Notices (PMN) ................................. TS-38
Prevention of Significant Deterioration ............................. A-75
Program Integration/Toxics Integration .............................. TS-30; MS-36
Protective Clothing ................................................. P-17,23
Public Water Systems Supervision .................................... DW-24,29,36
Quality Assurance:
Hazardous Waste [[[ HW-15-17
Research and Development .......................................... A-14; WQ-16;
DW-13; R-8; 1-16;
HW-15; TS-17
Superfund [[[ SF-14,15
Toxi c Substances .................................................. TS-17 , 18
R
Recall of In-use Vehicles - Air ..................................... A-90
Regi strati on Fees [[[ P-23
Regi strati on Standa rds .............................................. P-32
Regulatory Development - Hazardous Waste ............................ HW-27-29
Regul atory Reform [[[ MS-38
Remedi al Response [[[ SF -49
Risk Assessment Guidelines .......................................... 1-11
Selective Enforcement Audits ........................................ A-90
Significant New Use Rules (SNURs) ................................... TS-39
SI udge Management [[[ WQ-26, 76
Small Systems Engineering Research .................................. DW-13, 19
State Authorizations - Hazardous Waste .............................. HW-27,37
State Grants:
Air [[[ A- 71
Water 106 [[[ WQ-56
Water 205(g) [[[ WQ-56; CG-5
Water 205(j) [[[ WQ-56; CG-5
Cl ean Lakes [[[ WQ-55
-------
Alphabetical Subject Index
(Continued)
S_ (Continued) Page
Stratospheric Modi f icati on .......................................... TS-24
Superfund Interagency Funds:
Coast Qua rd ( USCG) ................................................ SF-57
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) ..................... SF-56
Department of Interior (DOI) ...................................... SF-59
Department of Justice (DOJ) ....................................... SF-57
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) ........................ SF-58
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) ............ SF-58
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) .............. SF-59
Surface Impoundments ................................................ HW-18,20,21; DW-25
Synthetic Fuels [[[ E-15,16
T
Tampering and Fuel Switching ........................................ A-90
Test Gui del i nes [[[ TS-33
Test Rul es [[[ TS-32
TEMIK Research [[[ DW-14,20
Tol erance Fees [[[ P-27
Underground Injection Control (UIC) ................................. DW-39
Uranium Mill Tailing Standards ...................................... R-13
-------
SUMMARY
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
BUDGET SUMMARY
The President's request for the Environmental Protection Agency's 1985 budget
totals $4,249,254,000 supported by 12,297.8 total workyears, including $1,209,254,000
and 10,940.7 total workyears for the Agency's operating programs, and $640,000,000
and 1,357.1 total workyears for the Superfund program. New budget authority in the
amount of $2,400,000,000 is requested for the municipal waste treatment facilities
construction program. These resources constitute an increase of $295,154,000 and
750.0 total workyears for the Agency as a whole in 1985.
Major emphasis continues on the Superfund and Hazardous Waste programs. Fund-
ing for the Superfund program increases by $230,000,000, to $640,000,000 supported
by 1,357.1 total workyears in 1985. EPA will continue it's efforts to increase
the role of States in managing response actions and in working with other Federal
agencies in the implementation of Superfund. A major portion of this funding will
be used to support "a threefold increase in the number of sites where remedial
construction will begin. Other Superfund program increases will support expanded
enforcement efforts, particularly in the area of cost recoveries, and for research
and development projects in support of Superfund activities. In addition to the
increase from the 1984 appropriated amount, we are also requesting a supplemental
in 1984 of $50,000,000 to support increased site investigations, designs and
constructions. The request for the Hazardous Waste program, continues our efforts
to develop and implement cost-effective regulations. An additional $7,300,000
will be used to expand and strengthen the existing Hazardous Waste program.
EPA will continue to improve its enforcement efforts with a major increase of
sixty percent in the Superfund program. This expanded resource base will enable the
Agency to ensure an adequate enforcement presence given the increasing numbers of
sites identified and included on the National Priorty List. There is also a signi-
ficant increase for toxic substances enforcement to support additional inspections
and case development for the PCB and asbestos-in-schools rules. In addition,
enforcement increases will continue our efforts to fully eliminate the backlog of
major water permits by the end of 1985. This will assure that industrial and
municipal dischargers have permits in sufficient time to comply with statutory
requirements.
The 1985 research and development program places emphasis on four major areas:
acid rain; understanding the risks posed by hazardous and toxic chemicals; enhanc-
ing our research to control pollutants; and improving the scientific bases for esti-
mating the human health consequences of environmental pollutants. Our request for
research activities includes $278,048,700 supported by 1,851.0 total workyears, an
increase of $33,324,900. In addition, we are requesting a 1984 supplemental of
$5,500,000 for acid rain research to support the National Lakes Survey in order to
give us an accurate and uniform measure of acified lakes.
Grants to State and local governments are at a level of $237,688,300, and the
Construction Grants program maintains the authorized level of $2,400,000,000. The
1985 budget request also includes a $10,000,000 program for the Chesapeake Bay, which
is designed to support Bay States through cost-sharing grants and continue EPA's
role in monitoring and modeling. This major initiative is support by an increase
of $5,800,000 over the 1984 level.
S-l
-------
A summary of budget authority for EPA's six appropriation accounts is as follows:
EPA's Request by Appropriation Account
1984 1984 1985
Current Estimate Supplemental Budget Authority
Salaries « Expenses $578,400,000 ... $639,275,000
Abatement, Control 4 Compliance.. 393,900,000 ... 396,042,000
Research & Development 139,200,000 $5,500,000 163,437,000
Buildings * Facilities 2,600,000 .. 10,500,000
Operating Programs Subtotal.. $1,114,100,000 $5,500,000 $1,209,254,000
Construction Grants $2,430,000,000 ... $2,400,000,000
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund 410.000,000 $50,000,000 640.000.000
Total $3,954,100,000 $55,500,000 $4,249,254,000
The following briefly describes the content of each appropriation and the changes
requested within each from the Agency's current 1984 estimates.
SALARIES AND EXPENSES
EPA requests an increase of $64,375,000 for Its Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation which finances salaries and related costs associated with administering the
programs within the Environmental Protection Agency. It incorporates all costs
exclusive of grant programs and program-specific contractual agreements. The in-
crease reflects the additional workyears in 1985 and increased support for hazardous
waste regulations development, acid rain research, toxic substances Inspections and
case development, and elimination of major water permits backlogs by the end of 1985.
ABATEMENT, CONTROL AND COMPLIANCE
The Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation finances contracts, grants,
and cooperative agreements for pollution abatement, control and compliance activities.
EPA requests an increase of $2,142,000 in 1985 for this appropriation which continues
these activities at essentially the 1984 level.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The 1985 budget increases the Research and Development appropriation by $20,737,000
to $163,437,000. Program increases are primarily for acid rain research and and toxics
health effects. In addition, we have requested a 1984 supplemental of $5,500,000 for
acid rain research.
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
EPA requests $10,500,000, an increase of $7,900,000 for the Building and Facil-
ities appropriation which finances the construction, repair, improvement, extension,
alteration, and purchase of fixed equipment of facilities owned, as well as existing
facilities occupied by the Environmental Protection Agency. The funds in 1985 will
ensure healthy and safe conditions in EPA laboratories, prevent deterioration of our
owned and leased facilities, and begin construction of a new radiation laboratory In
Montgomery, Alabama to replace the outmoded facility.
-------
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
The Construction Grants appropriation is for grants to local public agencies
for construction of municipal wastewater treatment facilities to assist States
and localities in attaining water quality standards.
In 1981 Congress enacted significant reforms proposed by the Administration.
These reforms provide for a more cost-effective program and reduce the long-term
requirements for Federal assistance. Under the reforms, Congress provided a four
year authorization at $2,400,000,000 with an additional amount of $200,000,000,
beginning in 1983 for combined sewer overflow. The 1984 appropriation provided
$2,430,000,000, which included $30,000,000 for combined sewer overflow. In 1985,
the Agency is requesting $2,400,000,000 to obligate funds to award a total of 650
grants resulting in 4,710 active projects. In addition, approximately 1,060 pro-
jects are expected to have construction completed during 1985.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE TRUST FUND
The 1985 budget requests $640,000,000, supported by 1,357.1 total workyears,
an increase of $230,000, and 350.0 total workyears to support the Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund. In 1985 these funds will be dedicated to responding to hazardous
waste sites and spills; expanding the number of sites where remedial construction
will begin, encouraging States to assume a larger role in managing response actions;
adapting existing research and development data and technology to support field
response activities; expanding our enforcement activity; and, supporting on going
activities of other Federal agencies.
S-3
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of Budget Authority,
Obligations, Outlays and Workyears
By Appropriation
(dollars In thousands)
Actual
1983
Research and Development
Budget Authority.. $121,000.0
Obi 1 gatlons 128,613.0
Outl ay s 182,690.0
Abatement, Control and
Compliance
Budget Authority 369,075.0
Obi Igatlons 377,272.1
Outl ays 455,020.0
Salaries and Expenses
Budget Authority... 555,613.2
Obi igatlons 545,195.8
Outl ays 540,947.0
Permanent Workyears 8,461.4
Total Workyears 10,053.4
Buildings and Facilities
Budget Authority
Obligations.
Outlays.
Operations, Research and
Facilities
Obligations.
Outlays
3,000.0
4,116.1
3,266.0
475.3
-525.0
SUBTOTAL, OPERATING PROGRAMS
Budget Authority 1,048,688.2
Obi Igatlons 1,055,672.3
Outl ays 1,181,666.0
Permanent Workyears 8,461.4
Total Workyears 10,053.4
Budget
Estimate
1984
$111,669.0
112,434.0
140,764.0
293,933.0
294,871.0
366,359.0
540,389.0
540,389.0
518,533.0
7,996.8
9,678.7
2,600.0
2,965.0
4,689.0
1,439.0
948,591.0
950,659.0
1,031,784.0
7,996.8
9,678.7
Amendment
1984
$142,700.0
144,192.1
133,012.7
393,900.0
390,456.8
416,984.0
574,900.0
574,900.0
563,767.0
8,724.1
10,478.7
2,600.0
4,042.0
4,233.0
150.0
1,250.0
1,114,100.0
1,113,740.9
1,119,478.7
8,724.1
10,478.7
Current
Estimate
1984
$139,200.0
140,692.1
132,312.7
393,900.0
390,456.8
416,984.0
578,400.0
578,400.0
566,777.0
8,731.3
10,478.7
2,600.0
4,042.0
4,233.0
150.0
1,250.0
1,114,100.0
1,113,740.9
1,119,479.7
8,731.3
10,478.7
Supplemental
1984
$5,500.0
5,500.0
1,100.0
5,500.0
5,500.0
1,100.0
Estimate
1985
$163,437.0
164,492.0
148,941.9*
396,042.0
395,999.0
415,290.0
639,275.0
639,275.0
627,611.0
9,426.1
10,878.7
10,500.0
9,315.0
4,148.0
150.0
601.0
1,209,254.0
1,209,231.0
1,196,707.9
9,426.1
10,878.7
-------
Budget Current
Actual Estimate Amendment Estimate Supplemental Estimate
1983 1984 1984 1984 1984 1985
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Funcf
Budget /uthority 210,000.0 310,000.0 410,000.0 410,000.0 50,000.0 640,000.0
Obligations 227,822.4 319,870.0 431,652.0 431,652.0 50,000.0 642,406.0
Outlays 147,803.0 269,000.0 325,000.0 325,000.0 15,000.0 535,000.0**
Permanent Workyears 635.7 619.3 892.0 890.9 50.0 1,249.0
Total Workyears 724.8 707.1 1,007.1 1,007.1 50.0 1,357.1
Payment to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Budget Authority... (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0)
Obligations (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0)
Outlays (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0)
Construction Grants
budget Authority. 2,430,000.0 2,400,000.0 2,430,000.0 2,430,000.0 2,400,000.0
Obligations 3,737,469.5 2,400,000.0 2,600,000.0 2,600,000.0 2,400,000.0
Outlays 2,982,669.0 2,800,000.0 2,500,000.0 2,500,000.0 2,500,000.0
CO
I
01 Scientific Activities Overseas
Obligations 11.0 950.0 315.0 315.0 200.0
Outlays 232.0 600.0 183.0 183.0 175.0
Revolvlnn Fund
Obligations. 768.0 $800.0 588.0 588.0 588.0
Outlays 13.0 100.0 15.0 15.0 15.0
Enforcement
Outlays.. 268.0 ... 232.0 232.0 116.0
U.S. Regulatory Council
Outlays 28.0 ... 2.0 2.0
Misc. Contributed Funds
Obligations 21.7 20.0 30.0 30.0 21.0
Outlays 24.0 20.0 25.0 25.0 25.0
-------
I
CT>
Budget Current
Actual Estimate Amendment Estimate Supplemental Estimate
1983 1984 1984 1984 1984 1985
Reimbursements - Salaries and
Expenses
Obligations 15,270.6 20,000.0 20,000.0 20,000.0 20,000.0
Permanent Workyears 57.1 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0
Total Workyears 65.5 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0
Reimbursements - Superfund
Obligations 2,570.3 ... 4,164.0 4,164.0 9,621.0
TOTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
~J~~ "^ r= ----~«^ -.. .- 4 » = =-i ^
AGENCY
Budget Authority $3,688,688.2 $3,658,591.0 $3,954,100.0 $3,954,100.0 $55,500.0 $4,249,254.0
Obligations 5,039,605.8 3,692,299.0 4,170,489.9 4,170,489.9 55,500.0 4,282,067.0
Outlays 4,312,435.0 4,101,504.0 3,944,703.7 3,947,013.7 16,100.0 4,231,922.9
Permanent Workyears 9,154.2 8,669.1 9,669.1 9,675.2 50.0 10728.1
< Total Workyears 10,843.7 10,447.8 11,547.8 11,547.8 50.0 12,297.8
* Includes outlays for Energy supplemental of $2,365.0.
** Includes outlays for Superfiyid supplemental of $20,000.0.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of Budget Authority,
Obligations, Outlays and Workyears
By Media
(dollars In thousands)
Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment
1984
Current
Estimate
1984
Supplemental
1984
Estimate
1985
Air
Budget Authority $214,533.7
Obi 1 gatl ons 215,980.0
Outl ays 221,455.0
Permanent Workyears 1,405.7
Total Workyears 1,630.7
Water Quality
Budget Authority 206,048.0
Obi Igatlons 210,188.2
Outlays 282,029.0
Permanent Workyears 1,867.4
Total Workyears.
Drinking Hater
Budget Authorl ty....
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
2,230.9
75,540.9
75,511.6
85,040.0
446.6
522.8
$190,991.6
191,337.6
199,621.0
1,350.3
1,577.1
151,369.3
151,818.3
205,682.0
1,662.9
2,065.5
66,355.9
66,467.9
73,568.0
465.1
560.8
$225,385.5
222,997.0
211,774.0
1,462.7
1,694.7
217,829.5
215,582.5
234,912.7
1,790.1
2,205.2
79,370.3
78,313.5
79,935.9
472.9
568.5
$224,768.8
222,440.0
212,035.6
1,464.0
1,696.1
216,156.9
216,004.5
235,483.7
1,792.1
2,207.2
78,713.6
78,069.5
80,012.1
472.9
568.5
$228,768.2
227,996.9
225,993.4
1,591.9
1,758.0
217,710.8
218,805.9
239,873.9
1,902.5
2,259.4
79,274.5
79,248.8
81,028.2
508.0
591.5
Hazardous Waste
Budget Authority 120,148.3
Obligations 118,584.9
Outlays 127,165.0
Permanent Workyears 627.7
Total Workyears 790.7
Pesticides
Budget Authorl ty....
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
53,693.8
53,497.9
57,888.0
665.1
726.4
110,112.7
110,194.7
114,192.0
625.8
830.0
52,742.6
52,750.6
53,430.0
652.7
736.9
130,417.0
129,362.5
126,750.7
794.4
1,015.1
57,690.8
56,997.6
56,018.4
694.5
783.7
128,657.0
129,051.5
126,912.7
799.6
1,015.1
57,296.8
57,209.6
56,233.4
694.5
783.7
143,267.9
144,054.1
137,748.6
887.3
1,090.2
63,258.2
63,022.4
60,680.8
727.5
808.7
-------
Radiation
Budget Authority....
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
Actual
1983
10,278.8
11,680.4
14,363.0
139.0
161.6
Budget
Estimate
1984
10,854.8
10,872.8
11,419.0
126.9
146.4
Amendment
1984
12,410.7
12,248.2
12,331.2
142.2
164.6
Current
Estimate Supplemental
1984 1984
12,320.4
12,272.2
12,372.0
142.2
164.6
Estimate
1985
12,090.6
12,044.2
13,211.5
153.8
164.6
Noise
Budget Authority.
Obligations
Outlay?
40.0
1,540.0
663.0
744.0
744.0
485.8
oo
I
oo
Interdisciplinary
Budget Authority
Obligations
Outl ays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
Toxic Substances
Budget Authority
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
34,710.0
38,026.6
24,798.0
444.7
509.4
68,403.8
69,979.1
79,797.0
618.8
712.1
41,335.6
41,595.6
29,098.0
353.4
396.5
66,675.7
66,891.7
71,368.0
606.2
683.2
45,887.8
45,851.9
32,046.7
422.2
469.1
69,117.8
68,913.3
67,349.6
634.6
717.0
46,069.1
45,481.9
32,077.1
425.4
472.7
68,849.5
68,782.3
67,481.6
632.6
716.0
48,952.8
48,911.7
43,009.2
486.1
514.3
79,642.1
79,641.1
74,896.6
740.0
799.5
Energy
Budget Authority....
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
25,209.9
26,716.9
64,779.0
57.8
82.9
Management and Support
Budget Authority.... 237,121.0
Obli gati ons 231,350.6
Outlays 219,546.0
Permanent Workyears 2,188.6
Total Workyears 2,685.9
23,530.1
23,742.1
42,153.0
36.8
54.9
232,022.7
232,022.7
225,901.0
2,116.7
2,627.4
30,489.7
31,064.3
35,718.5
44.1
65.9
242,900.9
248,368.1
257,664.0
2,266.4
2,794.9
30,449.8
31,086.3
35,737.5
44.1
65.9
248,218.1
249,301.1
258,466.0
2,263.9
2,788.9
$5,500.0
5,500.0
1,100.0
48,503.5
48,755.5
40,283.2*
52.0
72.6
277,285.4
277,435.4
275,348.7
2,377.0
2,819.9
-------
Budget Current
Actual Estimate Amendment Estimate Supplemental Estimate
1983 1984 1984 1984 1984 1985
Buildings and Facilities
Budget Authority 3,000.0 2,600.0 2,600.0 2,600.0 10,500.0
Obligations 4,116.1 2,965.0 4,042.0 4,042.0 9,315.0
Outlays 3,266.0 4,689.0 4,233.0 4,233.0 4,148.0
SUBTOTAL, OPERATING PROGRAMS
Budget Authority 1,048,688.2 948,591.0 1,114,100.0 1,114,100.0 $5,500.0 1,209,254.0
Obligations 1,055,672.3 950,659.0 1,113,740.9 1,113,740.9 5,500.0 1,209,231.0
Outlays 1,181,666.0 1,031,784.0 1,119,478.7 1,119,479.7 1,100.0 1,196,707.9
Permanent Workyears 8,461.4 7,996.8 8,724.1 8,731.3 ... 9,426.1
Total Workyears 10,053.4 9,678.7 10,478.7 10,478.7 ... 10,878.7
Hazardous Substance Response
Budget Authority 210,000.0 310,000.0 410,000.0 410,000.0 50,000.0 640,000.0
Obligations 227,822.4 319,870.0 431,652.0 431,652.0 50,000.0 642,406.0
Outlays 147,803.0 269,000.0 325,000.0 325,000.0 15,000.0 535,000.0
vo Permanent Workyears 635.7 619.3 892.0 890.9 50.0 1,249.0
Total Workyears.: 724.8 707.1 1,007.1 1,007.1 50.0 1,357.1
Payment to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fun?,
Budget Authority... (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0
Obligations (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0
Outlays (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0
Construction Grants
Budget Authority. 2,430,000.0 2,400,000.0 2,430,000.0 2,430,000.0 2,400,000.0
Obligations 3,737,469.5 2,400,000.0 2,600,000.0 2,600,000.0 2,400,000.0
Outlays 2,982,669.3 2,800,000.0 2,500,000.0 2,500,000.0 2,500,000.0
Scientific Activities Overseas
Obligations 11.0 950.0 315.0 315.0 200.0
Outlays 232.0 600.0 183.0 183.0 175.0
Revolving Fund
Obligations. 768.0 800.0 588.0 588.0 588.0
Outlays 13.0 100.0 15.0 15.0 15.0
-------
to
I*
o
Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment
1984
Current
Estimate
1984
Supplemental
1984
Estimate
1985
Misc. Contributed Funds
Obligations 21.7 20.0 30.0 30.0 21.0
Outlays 24.0 20.0 25.0 25.0 25.0
Reimbursements - Salaries and
_xPens
-------
AIR
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
AIR A-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Oxidants A-9
Hazardous Air Pollutants A-21
Mobi 1 e Sources A-32
Gases & Particles A-41
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning 8 Standards A-55
Emission Standards & Technology Assessment A-58
Pollutant Strategies 8 Ai r Standards Development A-59
State Program Guidelines & Regulations Development A-60
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy A-62
Emission Standards, Technical Assessment & Characterization A-64
Testing, Technical S Administrative Support A-65
Emissions & Fuel Economy Compliance A-66
State Programs Resource Assistance A-68
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants).... A-71
Train i ng A-72
Air Quality Management Implementation A-73
Trends Monitoring & Progress Assessment A-77
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring A-79
Air Quality & Emissions Data Analysis & Progress Assessment A-81
ENFORCEMENT
Stationary Source Enforcement A-85
Mobile Source Enforcement A-89
A-l
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ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AIR
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
Operations . Research
and Facilities
TOTAL, Air
$71,314.0 $71,028.1 $75,137.2 $74,825.9
$108,103.6 $92,815.4 $112,680.2 $112,692.8
$36,362.4 $27,148.1 $37,568.1 $37,250.1
$200.0
$215,980.0 $190,991.6 $225,385.5 $224,768.8
$81,204.9 $6,379.0
$108,902.4 -$3,790.4
$38,660.9 $-1,410.8
$228,768.2 $3,999.4
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
1,405.7 1,350.3 1,462.7 1,464.0 1,591.9 127.9
1,630.7 1,577.1 1,694.7 1,696.1 1,758.0 61.9
$221,455.0 $199,621.0 $211,774.0 $212,035.6 $225,993.4 $13,957.8
Authorization for the Clean Air Act expired September 30, 1981. Reauthorization
pending.
-------
AIR
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Clean Air Act authorizes a nationwide program of air quality planning,
regulation, enforcement, and research for control of air pollution. EPA's strategy
to meet the requirements of the Act in the 1980's focuses on six major objectives:
ACHIEVE NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQSs) NATIONWIDE
Attainment of the primary NAAQSs nationwide is among EPA's highest public
health related priorities. EPA's strategy for attaining the NAAQSs includes
working with States to complete and enforce the State Implementation Plans (SIPs)
required by the Act. The lead responsibility for completing, implementing, and
enforcing SIPs rests with States, with support from EPA. Much of the EPA support
will be provided through EPA Regional Offices.
Since 1970, SIPs have been the chief regulatory means to reach the healthful
levels of air quality set by the NAAQSs. The primary focus of the SIPs has been
the application of reasonably available control technology (RACT) to existing
sources of pollution to achieve needed emission reductions. Application of RACT
will continue to be the foundation of the SIP program in the 1980's.
Although air quality has generally improved as a result of the measures in
SIPs, EPA and the States will have to remedy SIPs which have proven inadequate to
meet NAAQSs by statutory deadlines. In some instances, measures in SIPs have
not been implemented or enforced. The Clean Air Act requires that primary NAAQSs
for total suspended particulates, sulfur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, and
nitrogen dioxide be met by December 1982. Some States were granted extensions of
this deadline, through December 1987, to meet NAAQSs for ozone and carbon monoxide.
Deadlines for attaining the NAAQSs for lead vary, depending on the date of State
plan approval by EPA. In 1985 EPA will complete the review of most of the remain-
ing State lead plans that have not been approved.
In addition to remedying SIPs still inadequate to meet NAAQSs, the States
and EPA will carry out a comprehensive enforcement program aimed at achieving
continuous compliance by stationary and mobile sources. The stationary source
enforcement program will continue to emphasize compliance by "significant viola-
tors," particularly those major sources in or affecting areas not meeting health-
related air standards. The program will allow States more flexibility in sched-
uling inspections and require sources to increase the use of continuous emissions
monitoring. Additional elements of an effective continuous compliance program
will be identified in 1984, as part of the development of a continuous compliance
strategy, and will be implemented beginning in 1985. In the enforcement of SIPs,
sources of volatile organic compounds will receive increased attention in 1985.
Emissions from these sources are of concern both because they contribute to un-
healthful ozone levels and because their components may be toxic in nature.
As a result of industry efforts in controlling emissions and the effective-
ness of State, local, and Federal control programs, approximately 90 percent of
the more than 18,000 major stationary sources have achieved compliance with all
applicable emission limitations. An additional 2.4 percent are meeting accept-
able compliance schedules. Although the current rate of compliance represents
a significant achievement, efforts must continue to ensure that remaining sources
come into compliance with present standards, or any new or revised standards, and
that compliance, once achieved, is maintained.
Ensuring compliance by Federal facilities will be a priority activity for
EPA in 1985. The current rate of corrpliance by Federal facilities with SIP
emission limits is generally very good. Efforts will focus on keeping facilities
meeting limits in compliance and on addressing the relatively few facilities that
remain out of compliance.
A-3
-------
A continued reduction in emissions from in-use motor vehicles will he a major
factor in meeting NAAQSs, particularly the standards for ozone, carbon monoxide,
and nitrogen dioxide. To help ensure that vehicles meet emission standards through-
out their useful life, EPA will maintain a comprehensive Federal compliance program
and will work with States to establish anti-tampering and fuel switching programs.
The primary objective of the Federal compliance program for motor vehicles
is to ensure that manufacturers design and produce vehicles that are capable of
meeting emission standards throughout their useful life. The program includes
preproduction certifications of emission control systems, Selective Enforcement
Audits (SEAs) of manufacturers' facilities, and recalls of insufficiently con-
trolled vehicles. Recall investigations of vehicles with high mileage are espe-
cially important in ensuring that emission standards continue to be met.
EPA will support the establishment of anti-tampering and fuel switching pro-
grams in all areas where health standards have not been achieved, or have been
only marginally achieved, for ozone, carbon monoxide, or nitrogen dioxide. Tamper-
ing with vehicle emission control systems and switching to leaded fuels greatly
increase the levels of these three pollutants. In addition to supporting the
establishment of new anti-tampering and fuel switching programs, EPA will also be
tracking the progress of existing programs to ensure that projected emission reduc-
tions are achieved.
To assure the adequacy of SIPs and the effectiveness of compliance programs
in meeting NAAQSs, the States and EPA will continue a comprehensive program for
the collection and analysis of ambient air quality and emissions data. The
credibility of the data will be maintained through effective quality assurance
procedures.
MAINTAIN STRONG STATE AND LOCAL PROGRAMS
State and local governments have developed air pollution control programs of
increasing scope and effectiveness. EPA will continue to support these programs
by providing direct program assistance and training and by facilitating information
exchange. The mechanisms for information exchange include operation of clearing-
houses for determining appropriate levels of control technology and publication of
additional Control Techniques Guidelines and Control Technology Documents.
The abatement and control and enforcement programs will continue to reflect
full partnership with the States in air pollution control. States have been as-
sisted in assuming their responsibility under the Act by EPA's provision of finan-
cial support. State grant assistance will be continued to provide for regulatory
reform and allow broader State discretion on regulatory programs. This assistance
will emphasize improving State capabilities with a corresponding reduction of de-
tailed Federal overview.
A National Air Audit System (NAAS) was initiated in 1984 to identify obstacles
to control agency effectiveness and to help EPA define more efficient and meaning-
ful national programs. The NAAS, developed jointly by representatives from State
and local governments and EPA, covers four program areas: air quality planning,
new source review, compliance assurance, and air monitoring. A fifth program
area, vehicle inspection and maintenance, will be added in 1985. The entire NAAS
will be continued in 1985 and a national summary report prepared. The report will
be used by EPA to help identify the program assistance needs of State and local
agencies.
A-4
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REVIEW NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS
The establishment of NAAQSs at levels that protect public health and prevent
other adverse effects has been the keystone of the national air quality program.
The need to revise NAAQSs is determined based on regular assessment of the most
accurate and up-to-date scientific data available on the health and other effects
of the various pollutants. These effects are summarized in criteria documents
prepared by EPA's research program. In addition to preparing criteria documents,
the research program develops reliable monitoring methods, cost-effective control
technologies, and air quality simulation models that help States and the regulated
community comply with the NAAQSs.
During 1985, EPA will promulgate revised NAAQSs for particulate matter and
sulfur dioxide. Also during 1985, EPA will complete the review of the NAAQSs for
ozone and lead and develop the support documentation for deciding any needed revi-
sions to the standards.
During 1984, EPA will assess the current process for reviewing and revising
NAAQSs. The assessment will cover the scope of the criteria and regulatory support
documents and the associated resource requirements. The assessment may result in
modifications to the NAAQSs review process and to the analyses supporting NAAQSs
revisions in 1985 and later years.
ESTABLISH TECHNOLOGY-BASED STANDARDS
Substantial progress has been made in establishing national technology-based
standards for new major stationary sources and motor vehicles. Promulgation of
New Source Performance Standards (NSPSs) for all categories of major stationary
sources was not, however, completed by the 1982 deadline in the Clean Air Act. A
revised schedule has been developed by EPA that will accelerate NSPS development
and provide for coverage of all major source categories by the end of 1986. In
1985, 20 additional NSPSs will be promulgated by EPA. An additional 23 standards
will be proposed or under development. Many of the standards promulgated or under
development will limit emissions of particulates, volatile organic compounds, and
nitrogen oxides.
Many major classes of new motor vehicles are now covered by Federal emission
standards. Future standard setting will focus primarily on heavy-duty vehicles.
In 1985, final standards will be promulgated for particulates from heavy-duty
vehicles and nitrogen oxides from heavy-duty engines and light-duty trucks.
Comprehensive compliance activities, described earlier, will remain major
components of the Federal motor vehicle air pollution control program. The Federal
motor vehicle testing program will include: 300 tests for preproduction certifi-
cates; 700 tests for fuel economy labeling and compliance; and 2,500 tests of in-use
vehicles for support of the Federal recall program and State compliance programs.
The results of the in-use vehicle testing are also used to provide States with
information needed to develop control strategies. The recall initiative begun in
1984 will be expanded with further testing and investigation of both moderate
mileage and high mileage vehicles. Developmental work will begin on new recall
programs covering heavy-duty engines and light-duty vehicle evaporative emissions.
DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT NEW PROGRAMS
In 1984 EPA will better define the nature and magnitude of the air toxics
problem and reassess the regulatory options for dealing with the problem. The
results of this analysis, scheduled for completion in late 1984, will provide the
basis for a more comprehensive strategy for controlling air toxics. While the
strategy is being completed, EPA will continue to screen chemicals to determine
which ones may pose a significant risk to public health at ambient levels. De-
tailed assessments will be prepared of health effects, current emissions, public
exposure, public risk, feasible emission reductions, and regulatory options.
Decisions for Federal regulatory actions will be made for a number of chemicals
in 1985.
A-5
-------
Toxic air pollutants are now controlled both through State programs and
through Federal emission limits. The Federal limits, which apply to both new and
existing sources, are called National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollu-
tants (NESHAPs). State and local programs for controlling air toxics are generally
less developed than the programs for controlling pollutants for which NAAQSs have
been established. Some air toxics are controlled as a result of State plans to
meet NAAQSs. These pollutants are emitted as particulates or volatile organic
compounds. Similarly, some air toxics are controlled as the result of the applica-
tion of NSPSs.
NESHAPs have been established for sources of four pollutants: asbestos, beryl-
lium, mercury and vinyl chloride. Benzene and arsenic have been listed as hazard-
ous air pollutants and emission control regulations have been proposed. NESHAPs for
sources of benzene and arsenic are scheduled for promulgation during 1984; emis-
sion standards for additional arsenic sources are scheduled in 1985.
EPA will also monitor the composition of motor vehicle fuels and fuel ad-
ditives as part of the Federal air toxics program and, if necessary, take regula-
tory action to protect public health. In addition, EPA will assist State and
local governments in air toxics monitoring, emissions estimations, and control
techniques.
Acid deposition is a growing issue of national and international concern. In
order to assess the need for a full program of remedial action, further information
is needed about major sources of acid rain precursors and the magnitude, extent,
and severity of acid deposition effects. Possible measures for mitigating these
effects need to be evaluated. EPA's research program, in cooperation with other
Federal and State agencies, is developing the scientific and technical information
required for dealing with the acid deposition problem. In 1984, EPA's research
program will compile and analyze additional emissions, control technology, and
monitoring information. Compilation of an improved data base will continue in
1985. A more detailed description of the program is included in the Energy section
of the budget request.
CONTINUE RESEARCH TO SUPPORT REGULATORY PROGRAMS
In 1985, the EPA research and development program will continue to support
the air quality regulatory program by providing other EPA offices, State and local
governments, and the regulated community with information necessary to reduce
ozone, gases, and particles; hazardous air pollutants; and mobile source emissions.
The scientific assessment program will continue to update criteria documents on
the health and other adverse effects of pollutants to support the review of NAAQSs.
The health effects research program will continue to focus on assessing the contri-
bution of oxidants and their precursors, as well as other gases and particles, to
chronic conditions such as chronic obstructive lung disease and immune deficiency.
Also, the health effects program will continue to develop methods to evaluate the
genetic, developmental, neutrotoxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects of poten-
tial hazardous air pollutants.
The environmental engineering and technology program will continue to evaluate
and assess the performance, cost, and reliability of existing, new, and emerging
air emission reduction technologies. The monitoring systems and quality assurance
program will continue to develop air quality monitoring data and methods and to
provide support for quality assurance. The environmental processes and effects
program will continue to develop and refine air quality models and assess the
adverse effects of pollution on materials and vegetation.
A-6
-------
AIR
Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Program Activities
National Ambient
Air Qua1it7
Standards
Proposals 0 1
Promulgations 1* 3
New Source Performance
Standards
Source categories
covered 46** 67
Proposals 11 12
Promulgations 12 18
National Emission Standards
for Hazardous Air
Pollutants
Number of pollutants
covered 4 6
Proposals 4 6
Promulgations 0 3
Light-duty vehicle
engine families
certified 302 250
Vehicle tests
emission
Certification 270 300
Fuel economy 630 700
Assembly line testing
test orders 17 17
Combined fuels/vapor
recovery inspections.. 15,000 15,000
Recall investigations.. 45 44
Compliance monitoring
inspections by EPA.T... 1739 1694
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
55
15
12
300
300
700
17
13,600
60
2017
Estimate
1985
Increase(+)
Decrease(-)
1985 vs. 1984
68
7
20
300
300
700
17
10,600
60
1685
-3
+13
- 8
+ 8
-3,000
-332
*Recision of hydrocarbon standard.
**Standards for 33 source categories were developed prior to the August 1979
priority listing. Promulgations were made for seven source categories from
the priority list between August 1979 and September 30, 1982.
A-7
-------
Research and
Development
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
AIR
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Oxidants A-9
Hazardous Air Pollutants A-21
Mobi 1 e Sources A-32
Gases & Particles A-41
A-8
-------
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AIR
Oxidants
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL
REQUEST
1984
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$366.2
$440.9
$807. 1
$797.9
$381.3
$1,179.2
$967.2
$2,035.7
$3,002.9
$1,442.8
$2,567.9
$4,010.7
$1,420.5
$2,947.0
$4,367.5
$467.5
$600.8
$1,068.3
$752.7
$290.0
$1,042.7
$1,177.1
$1,910.9
$3,088.0
$1,138.9
$1,511.0
$2,649.9
$1,763.1
$2,180.2
$3,943.3
$467.5
$600.8
$1,068.3
$752.7
$290.0
$1,042.7
$1,477.1
$2,410.9
$3,888.0
$1,275.0
$1,911.0
$3,186.0
$1,928.5
$3,680.2
$5,608.7
$467.5
$600.8
$1,068.3
$750.7
$246.5
$997.2
$1,463.0
$2,410.9
$3,873.9
$1,257.5
$1,911.0
$3,168.5
$1,902.4
$3,680.2
$5,582.6
$473.2
$600.8
$1,074.0
$779.8
$240.5
$1,020.3
$1,564.7
$2,867.2
$4,431.9
$1,350.4
$2,211.0
$3,561.4
$1,978.7
$3,456.7
$5,435.4
$5.7
$5.7
$29.1
-$6.0
$23.1
$101.7
$456.3
$558.0
$92.9
$300.0
$392.9
$76.3
-$223.5
-$147.2
-------
AIR
Oxidants
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
TOTAL:
Sal ari es 8 Expenses
Research 8 Development
Oxidants TOTAL
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Moni tori ng Syst ems 8
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
$4,994.6
$8,372.8
$13,367.4
6.5
13.9
17.9
23.0
(DOLLARS
$5,299.3
$6,492.9
$11,792.2
6.5
10.3
16.6
11.5
IN THOUSANDS)
$5,900.8
$8,892.9
$14,793.7
6.5
10.3
22.9
15.5
$5,841.1
$8,849.4
$14,690.5
6.5
10.3
22.9
15.5
$6,146.8
$9,376.2
$15,523.0
6.8
10.3
23.3
18.5
$305.7
$526.8
$832.5
.3
.4
3.0
& Technology
Environmental Processes
« Effects
25.2
19.3
24.3
24.3
24.3
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
86.5
64.2
79.5
79.5
83.2
3.7
-------
AIR
Oxidants
TOTAL. WI'RKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Envi ronnental Processes
X Effects
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1983
8.6
17.8
18.6
30.7
27.0
102.7
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
(DOLLARS
9.0
14.8
17.6
21.8
34.4
97.6
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL
ESTIMATE REQUEST
1984 1984
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
IN THOUSANDS)
9.0
14.8
24.6
25.8
32.9
107.1
9.0
14.8
24.6
25.8
32.9
107.1
9.0
14.8
24.6
25.8
32.9
107.1
-------
AIR
Oxidants
Actual
Major Outputs/Milestones 1983
Develop and Validate Air Quality
Models
- Report on improved chemical 3/85
mechanisms for an urban scale
ozone model (Env. Processes)
- Report on validation of regional 3/86
scale ozone model (Env. Processes)
Develop Health and Welfare Effects
Information
- Provide a national economic 8/84
assessment of ozone impacts
on major U.S. crops
(Env. Processes)
- Update the national crop loss 9/86
assessment (Env. Processes)
- Journal article on immunologi- 9/87
cal and biochemical response
to 03 (Health)
- Journal article on comparative 9/87
dosimetry models for oxidants
(Health)
- Journal article on the effects 2/87
of 03 and N02 on pulmonary
host defenses in animals (Health)
- Publish the criteria document 1/85
for ozone and other photochemical
oxidants (Scientific Assessment)
Develop and Validate Measurement
and Monitoring Methods
- Provide QA support for the 12/83
Oxidant program (Monitoring)
- Provide Final Report for 6/84
National Atmospheric Pollutant
Background Network (Monitoring)
Research and Assess Emission Reduction
Technologies
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
3/85
3/86
8/84
9/86
9/87
9/87
2/87
1/85
Estimate
1985
3/86
9/86
9/87
9/87
2/87
1/85
12/84
6/84
12/85
A-12
-------
Actual
Major Outputs/Milestones 1983
- Report on design and construction 3/83
of a flare testing facility (Env.
Technology)
- Report on the results of joint 6/83
demonstration with a major truck
manufacturing company to evaluate
microprocessor control device for
VOCs (Env. Technology)
- Provide guidance on how to apply 12/83
advanced heavy-oil, low NOX burner
to oil field steam generator
(Env. Technology)
- Report on the cost and efficiency 12/85
of improved VOC reduction technol-
ogies (Env. Technology)
- Provide report on the pilot-scale 6/84
tests of reburning techniques on
stationary combustors (Env.
Technology)
- Provide report on technical 12/84
requirements for pellet fuel for
NOX and SOX control from stoker
boilers (Env. Technology)
- Provide report on bench-scale tests 6/84
of potential for NOX reduction in
industrial glass furnaces (Env.
Technology)
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
Estimate
1985
12/85
6/84
12/84
6/84
12/85
12/84
A-13
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AIR
Oxidants
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $15,523,000 supported by 107.1 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $832,500 from 1984. Included in this total is $6,146,800
for Salaries and Expenses and $9,376,200 for Research and Development, with in-
creases of $305,700 and $526,800, respectively. This increase results from an ex-
panded effort on the health impacts of nitrogen dioxide (NO?) and additional re-
search on reduction technologies for volatile organic compounds.
Program Description
The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1977 (the Act), requires the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) to periodically re-evaluate the adequacy of National Am-
bient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) based upon the most scientifically credible
data base available at the time of review. Research is also needed to help the
regulatory decision-makers, the regulated community and the Regional, State and
local officials, develop cost-effective control strategies and implementation pro-
cedures for the control of oxidants which include ozone, volatile organic compounds
(VOC's), and nitrogen oxides (NOX). The following objectives support these goals:
Objective 1. Develop and Validate Air Quality Models to Support Implementa-
tion, Maintenance an<3 Enforcement of National Ambient ATrQuality Standards
(NAAQS).Research under this objective provides the air quality models, emissions
data, monitoring tools, and technical strategies required by the Act.
Objective 2. Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review
and Revision of NAAQS.A criteria document for health and welfare effects provides
the primary documentation of scientific data for use in the review of existing am-
bient air quality standards.
Objective 3. Develop and Validate Measurement and Monitoring Methods in Sup-
port oT the Oxidants Program Requirements.New and improved air pollution methodo-
logies and monitoring techniques are being developed and evaluated to determine air
quality trends, compliance, and enforcement actions.
Objective 4. Research and Assess Emission Reduction Technologies to Support
Permitting, New Source Performance Standards (NSPS), and Compliance Activities. Trf
order to promulgate cost-effective NSPS and provide assistance to EPA Regions, State
and local officials in their permitting, enforcement and compliance activities,
research must be conducted to identify design criteria for developing more reliable
and less costly NOX and VOC emission reduction technologies.
Objective 5. Provide Quality Assurance Support for the Oxidants Program Re-
quirements.This task specifies mandatory quality assurance for State and local
air monitoring stations. All measurements must be traceable to National Bureau of
Standards standard reference methods (SRMs) for the purpose of providing good
procedures, wherever possible, thereby ensuring that Agency decisions are backed
by technical data that are accurate and precise.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,074,000 supported by 9.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $473,200 is for Salaries and Expenses and $600,800 is for
Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $5,700 for Salaries and
Expenses.
A-14
-------
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support the Review and Revi-
sion of NAAQS.The current Agency schedule for reviewing and updating the ozone
NAAQS calIsfor final standard promulgation in September, 1986. Thus, revision
of the ozone and other photochemical oxidants criteria document will be completed
in January, 1985. In addition, literature retrieval and procurement actions will
be initiated to begin the development of the criteria document for nitrogen oxides.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,068,300 and 9.0 total work-
years to this program, of which $467,500 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $600,800 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support the Review and Revi-
sion of NAAQS.TRefirst draftof therevisedcriteria document forozone and
other photochemical oxidants is being prepared for release to the public. In early
1984, a peer review workshop on health effects was conducted. In addition, techni-
cal support is being provided to assist OAQPS in developing a regulatory proposal,
reviewing public comments, and promulgating a revised ozone standard.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $807,100 and 8.6 total workyears for
this program, of which $366,200 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $440,900 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support the Review and Re-
vision of NAAQS.The first internalreview draftof the revisedcriteria docu-
ment for ozone and other photochemical oxidants was prepared and a public peer
review on welfare effects was conducted.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,020,300 supported by 14.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $779,800 is for Salaries and Expenses and $240,500 is
for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $29,100 and a decrease
of $6,000, respectively. This net increase will be utilized to increase the fre-
quency of audits.
Develop and Validate Measurement and Monitoring Methods in Support of the
Oxidants Program^The research program willfocus on the development and evalua-
tion of methods to measure ozone, nitrogen oxides (NOX), and other oxidant pre-
cursors. Emphasis will be placed upon evaluating cryogenic techniques to enhance
the detectability of low level VOC concentrations and upon evaluating existing,
commercial VOC monitors. Manuals and guidelines will be prepared to provide
guidance on which commercial instruments are most appropriate.
A-15
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Provide Quality Assurance Support for the Oxidants Program. ORD will continue
to maintain the repository of standard reference materials. Reference analyses,
and gas samples traceable to NBS standards will be provided to the user community.
The National Audit Program will be continued. Two additional standard ultraviolet
spectrophotometers will be obtained from NBS and distributed for regional use.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $997,200 and 14.8 total workyears for this
program, of which $750,700 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$246,500 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Develop and Validate Measurement and Monitoring Methods in Support of the
Oxidants Program^EPA has proposed performance standards and guidelines to limit
emissions of VOCs from organic process equipment. As a result, ORD is evaluating
instruments in compliance with EPA methods. Simplified methods for the measurement
of other oxidant precursors is continuing.
Provide Quality Assurance Support for the Oxidants Program. The National Stan-
da rdFTaT>3rTtoTy~aTiT~tnT~TiaTvb^^ The audit program
assures that the data base used for regulatory decision making is accurate, precise
and reliable. The National Atmospheric Background Network is being completed and
a final report prepared.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$45,500 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammmings. (-$45,500) Several reprogrammings were made to this activi-
ty which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$2,000 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and a net decrease of -$43,500 to the Research and Development appro-
priation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,179,200 and 17.8 total workyears,
of which $797,900 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $381,300
was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropriation.
Develop and Validate Measurement and Monitoring Methods in Support of the
Oxidants Program^Research on monitoring systems for the measurement of ozone, NOX
and otheroxidant precursors was conducted. Research was initiated to evaluate
existing, commercial VOC monitoring instruments and to prepare user manuals and
guidelines on the use of these instruments.
Provide Quality Assurance Support for the Oxidants Program. The repository of
standard reference materials was maintained. Reference analyses and gas samples
traceable to NBS standards were provided to the user community. The National Audit
Program was continued. In addition, the National Atmospheric Pollutant Background
Network was continued with five stations operating in National Forests. This pro-
vided the data necessary to review SIPs and assess regional pollutant transport.
Short term monitoring operations were conducted for OAQPS, the Regions and several
State agencies.
A-16
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HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,431,900 supported by 24.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,564,700 is for Salaries and Expenses and $2,867,200
is for Research and Development. This reflects increases of $101,700 for Sala-
ries and Expenses and $456,300 for Research and Development. This increase results
from an enhanced research effort in N02 toxicology work. Also, in the extrapola-
tion program, studies to determine the sensitivity of different animal species to
oxidant pollutants will be conducted.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support the Review and
Revision of NAAQS^ CPA"relies on animal test data Tn setting anHrevising
standards for protecting human health under the Clean Air Act. These tests are
especially useful for determining the long term health effects of chronic exposures
and for studying the effects of pollutant inhalation in potentially sensitive sub-
populations such as children. In 1985, the animal tests are designed to examine
several biological endpoints, including pulmonary structure and function, ability
to fight respiratory disease, and cardiovascular changes following exposure to oxi-
dants. Also, increased "emphasis will be placed on the study of biochemical and
immunological effects and on expanding the data base for N02- The ozone uptake
model, developed in 1983, will be validated experimentally.
In 1985, work with potentially sensitive populations, such as persons with
chronic bronchitis, will increase. Clinical studies involve acute exposures only.
To increase the value of clinical and animal studies from a regulatory standpoint,
it is necessary to have reliable models for extrapolating animal data to humans.
Mathematical models to predict the sensitivity of different animal species,
including man, to the impact of ozone will be developed. Additional theoretical
models for respiratory tract deposition of' ozone and N02 will also be developed.
In addition, increased epidemiology resources will enable EPA to collaborate with
other Federal agencies in epidemiologic studies.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,873,900 and 24.6 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,463,000 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,410,900 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support the Review and
RevisToiTof NAAQS. Following a workshop in1983 which identified extrapolation
research needs,EPA is enhancing its efforts to improve extrapolation techniques
and applicability. Animal toxicology studies are providing data on functional,
morphological, and biochemical changes following acute and chronic oxidant exposure.
Also, clinical studies will be conducted to assess the response of humans to acute
oxidant exposure.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$14,100 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$14,100) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$14,100 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,002,900 and 18.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $967,200 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $2,035,700 was for Research and Development.
A-17
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Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support the Review and
Revision of NAAQS.A workshop was sponsored by the Agency to identify extrapola-
tion research needs for EPA. Also, a mathematical model for ozone uptake was com-
pleted and reviewed at the workshop. Controlled human studies were performed
which described changes in pulmonary structure and function, blood, and host
defense mechanisms following chronic pollutant exposures.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,561,400 supported by 25.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,350,400 is for Salaries and Expenses and $2,211,000
is for Research and Development. This reflects increases of $92,900 and $300,000,
respectively. The increase represents additional research on VOC reduction tech-
nologies.
Research and Assess Emissions Reduction Technologies to Support Permitting,
NSPS and Compliance Activities.Volatileorganic compounds are a major cause of
the ozone non-attainment problems in the country. Reliable data on demonstrated,
cost-effective and energy-efficient emission reduction technologies for many medium
and small sources of VOC's are lacking. Research to optimize VOC reduction tech-
nologies will be conducted to support the development of NSPS and the establish-
ment of SIPs. Emission factors for industrial safety/relief systems will be
developed. An analysis of generic technologies for VOC control will be conducted
for key industrial sources. Research to determine the efficiency of catalytic
oxidizers will be continued, and a series of field tests will be conducted to eval-
uate the accuracy of performance models for carbon adsorption and thermal incinera-
tion. Laboratory and field tests will be conducted to evaluate methods developed
in 1984 for evaluating the efficiency of spray painting systems. The methods will
be used to verify compliance with NSPS and SIP regulations for VOC emissions. The
use of microprocessor technologies to enhance the cost of controlling VOC emissions
will be evaluated for industrial processes. Research on road dust suppressants
will continue.
Combustion modification methods for reducing NOX emissions and improving the
performance of industrial furnaces will be assessed. Prior research has proven
that combustion modification methods can be effective for controlling NOX as well
as other emissions.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,168,500 and 25.8 total
workyears to this program, of which $1,257,500 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,911,000 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Research and Assess Emissions Reduction Technologies to Support Permitting,
NSPS and Compliance Activities.Pilot scale tests are being conducted for catalytic
oxidizers and the results scaled up to full size units. Gases, representative of
emissions from industrial safety/relief systems, will be combusted at a pilot
scale flare facility to determine their destruction efficiencies. Research will be
initiated to measure the effectiveness of a number of road dust suppressants over
a two year period. In addition, combustion modification tests on a full-scale
cement kiln are being completed and tests are being initiated on refinery process
heaters.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$17,500 results from the following action:
-Reprogranroing. (-$17,500) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$17,500 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
A-18
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $4,010,700 and 30.7 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,442,800 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $2,567,900 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Research and Assess Emissions Reduction Technologies to Support Permitting,
NSPS and Compliance Activities.Fieldevaluationsofindustrialcatalyticoxi-
dizers were conducted at six sites representing eight incinerators. A number of
field tests were completed on the effectiveness of dust suppression on paved and
unpaved roads, and the effectiveness of a latex binder on a coal storage pile.
The use of microprocessor technologies to enhance and reduce the cost of
controlling VOC emissions from metal coating ovens was completed. In addition,
a study to define conceptual techniques to measure the capture efficiency of hood-
ing systems was completed.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,435,400 supported by 32.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,978,700 is for Salaries and Expenses and $3,456,700
is for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $76,300 and a de-
crease of $223,500, respectively. This net decrease reflects the completion of the
first phase of the regional scale modeling process and the completion of several
studies in the air ecology program.
Develop and Validate Air Quality Models to Support Implementation, Maintenance,
and Enforcement of NAAQSJUrban scaleaTFqualitymodelswillcontinueto5₯
developed, validated,and refined for dissemination to the user community. In
order to address inadequacies in the urban models production, the program will
focus on improving the chemical mechanisms that quantitatively describe ozone for-
mation in ambient air.
An improved second generation regional scale air quality model for ozone will
be developed. The deficiencies in various modular components of the regional model
such as chemistry, meteorology, and emissions will be corrected and tested for
accuracy against air quality data obtained from the Northeast Regional Oxidant
Study.
Develop Health and welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revi-
sion of NAAQS. As part of the National Crop Loss Assessment Network (NCLAN), re-
search wil 1 Be conducted to quantify the economic impacts of ozone on the yield
of major crop species.
Research to determine the extent and economic implications of the effects of
ozone on forests will be initiated. To provide a preliminary indication of the
extent and magnitude of the problem, research will initially focus on evaluating
the relationship between the growth of forest species and estimates of ozone air
quality. Studies are also planned, under conditions which will reflect a range of
air quality situations and forest types, to establish cause and effect relationships.
In the biomonitoring program, the potential for using bees as indicators of
air pollution trends will be evaluated.
A-19
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1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,582,600 and 32.9 total
workyears to this program, of which $1,902,400 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,680,200 is for the Research and Development appropriation.
Develop and Validate Air Quality Models to Support Implementation, Mainte-
nanceTTnd Enforcement of NAAQS.A number of urban scale air quality models for
predicting ambient ozone are being developed and validated for use in the development
and implementation of SIPs.
The first generation regional scale ozone model is being tested and evaluated
against the available air quality data base. These tests will be used to identify
any weaknesses and make improvements in the models predictive capability.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAQS.Research to address the impacts of ozone on major agronomic crops is
being conducted under the NCLAN program. In 1984, dose/response functions are
being integrated with air quality and economic data to provide a preliminary
assessment of the economic impacts of ozone on major crops grown in the U.S. This
assessment utilizes applied economic models to project data for farm level losses
through the market place to the consumer level.
Also, a biomonitoring program using bees as bioindicators of air pollution
trends is being conducted. Studies are being conducted in the Puget Sound area to
verify initial observations with respect to arsenic and fluoride pollutants to
determine if a more concentrated field sampling program is needed.
1984 Explanation of Change from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$26,100 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$26,100) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$26,100 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $4,367,500 and 27.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,420,500 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $2,947,000 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Develop and Validate Air Quality Models to Support the Implementation, Main-
tenance, and Enforcement of NAAQSlIn the urban scale modeling program, the photo-
reactivity of percholorethylene to produce ozone was determined and found to be
less important in contributing to ozone problems than previously thought. Also,
an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the ozone mechanisms currently
used in urban air quality models was provided. The first regional scale ozone
model was formulated.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAQS.Under the NCLAN program, ozone dose/response experiments were conducted
for winter wheat, soybean, and barley. An evaluation of economic and crop yield
assessment techniques was completed to establish the best approach to be used in a
preliminary national assessment of the impact of ozone. This evaluation was also
used to identify research areas which would improve the accuracy of assessing the
effects of ozone on agriculture.
A-20
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ACTUAL
1983
AIR
Hazardous Air Pollutants
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research 8 Development
3»
ro
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance
Salari es & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Sal aries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
8 Technology
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
8 Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
$1,288.3
$735.1
$2,023.4
$1,772.5
$1,526.6
$3,299.1
$1,214.7
$865.8
$2,080.5
$302.6
$676.6
$979.2
$1,481.1
$1,775.0
$3,256.1
$1,847.2
$1,355.0
$3,202.2
$1,804.0
$753.5
$2,557.5
$321.2
$542.3
$863.5
$1,481.1
$1,775.0
$3,256.1
$1,979.5
$3,205.0
$5,184.5
$1,954.0
$753.5
$2,707.5
$167.9
$650.0
$817.9
$321.2
$542.3
$863.5
$1,521.1
$1,770.5
$3,291.6
$1,835.4
$3,155.0
$4,990.4
$1,931.8
$753.5
$2,685.3
$246.9
$650.0
$896.9
$319.8
$542.3
$862. 1
$1,933.5
$2,250.0
$4,183.5
$2,043.5
$3,085.0
$5,128.5
$2,028.8
$1,470.0
$3,498.8
$451.3
$600.0
$1,051.3
$338.2
$636.9
$975.1
$412.4
$479.5
$891.9
$208. 1
-$70.0
$138.1
$97.0
$716.5
$813.5
$204.4
-$50.0
$154.4
$18.4
$94.6
$113.0
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AIR
Hazardous Air Pollutants
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT
1983 ESTIMATE 1984
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
TOTAL:
Sal ari es & Expenses
Research & Development
Hazardous Air TOTAL
Pollutants
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
* Scientific Assessment
ro
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
$4,578.1
$3,804.1
$8,382.2
15.7
30.4
20.8
5.7
72.6
(DOLLARS
$5,453.5
$4,425.8
$9,879.3
24.0
29.6
25.1
3.9
82.6
IN THOUSANDS)
$5,903.7
$6,925.8
$12,829.5
24.0
32.6
27.8
5.0
3.9
93.3
$5,855.0
$6,871.3
$12,726.3
24.0
31.3
27.8
5.0
3.9
92.0
$6,795.3
$8,041.9
$14,837.2
31.0
31.7
30.8
8.0
3.9
105.4
$940. 3
$1,170.6
$2,110.9
7.0
.4
3.0
3.0
13.4
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AIR
l
rvj
CO
Hazardous Air Pollutants
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 MS 1984
TOTAL WURKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systans &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Envi ronment al Engi neeri ng
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
21.9 32.6 32.6 32.6
34.5 33.5 37.5 35.8
22.6 27.7 30.7 30.7
5.0 5.0
37.6 5.0
35.8
33.7 3.0
8.0 3.0
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
5.7
3.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
TOTAL WORKYEARS
84.7
97.7
109.7
108.0
119.0
11.0
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AIR
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Major Outputs/Milestones
Prepare Health and Risk Assessments
- Complete 6 health assessments
(Sci. Assess.)
- Complete 11 health assessments
for new (or review of existing)
listing decisions (Sci. Assess.)
- Complete 9 health assessments
for new (or review of existing)
listing decisions (Sci. Assess.)
- Complete 4 carcinogenicity
assessments for new (or review
of existing) listing decisions
(Sci. Assess.)
- Complete 1 carcinogenicity
assessment for a new listing
decision (Sci. Assess.)
Develop Information on Health,
Emission Reduction Technologies,
Monitoring and Transport and Fate
- Report on intercomparison of
methods at the Non-Criteria
Monitoring Center (Monitoring)
Report on Toxic Air Monitoring
System (Monitoring)
- Report on organic compounds in
indoor air (Monitoring)
- Report on Integrated Cancer
Project (Monitoring)
- Journal article on neurotoxico-
logic assessments (Health)
- Journal article on toxic effects
of HAP's on lung, liver, and
kidney (Health)
- Journal article on genotoxic
dose-response studies of selected
individual HAP's (Health)
Actual
1983
9/83
9/84
9/85
9/84
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
Estimate
1985
9/84
9/85
9/84
4/85
9/85
4/85
9/83
9/84
9/84
6/85
1/86
10/87
9/84
9/85
9/85
6/85
1/86
10/87
9/85
9/86
3/86
6/85
1/86
10/87
A-24
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Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Major Outputs/Milestones 1983 1984 . 1985
- Journal article on models for 10/88 10/88 10/88
extrapolation of neurotoxic
risks to humans (Health)
- Journal article on data analysis 10/88 10/88 10/88
methods for the comparative potency
model for cancer risk (Health)
- Journal article on genotoxic risks 9/89 9/89 9/89
from complex mixtures of HAP's
(Health)
- Report characterizing hazardous 1/85 9/86
emissions and evaluating mitiga-
tion technologies for selected
industries (Env. Engineering)
- Publish report characterizing HAP 9/85
emissions from residential combustion
and controls for these sources (Env.
Engineering)
- Report on source characterization 7/86
for the integrated air cancer
project (Env. Engineering)
- Determine wet removal mechanisms 4/84 4/84
for HAP's (Env. Processes)
- Report on the identification, 4/86 4/86 4/86
screening, and measurements of
HAPs in ambient air (Env.
Processes)
Provide Duality Assurance Support
- Issue Research Materials for 2 9/83 9/84 9/85
HAP's per year from OAQPS
priority list (Monitoring)
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AIR
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,837,200 supported by 119.0 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $2,110,900 and 11.0 total workyears from 1984. Included
in this total is $6,795,300 for Salaries and Expenses and $8,041,900 for Research
and Development, with increases of $940,300 and $1,170,600 respectively. The in-
creases will be utilized to accelerate the completion of comprehensive health
assessment documents for chemicals now on the Agency's priority list for regulatory
consideration, and to fund a long-term cancer assessment program which is designed
to assess the relationship of ambient air pollution and human cancer.
Program Description
The Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP) Research program responds to the regu-
latory needs of the Clean Air Act under Sections lll(d) and 112. The program
addresses several objectives:
Objective 1. Prepare Health and Risk Assessments to Support Regulation of
Hazardous Air Pollutants.The Office of Research and Development (ORD) responds
to the needs 57th~eOffice of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) to
conduct chemical-specific risk assessments. These assessments provide the health
and environmental basis to determine if exposure to a pollutant can reasonably be
expected to result in irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness. The
assessments are then combined with OAQPS preliminary exposure analyses to provide
quantitative estimates of the degree of population risk and disease incidence.
Objective 2. Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies,
Monitoring, and Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities.Under
this objective, ORD provides the scientific information to OAQPS on what contami-
nants are present in the air; their chemical concentration, transport, transforma-
tion, and persistence in the atmosphere; and the nature of their adverse health
effects. This information provides the basis for decisions made during the preli-
minary exposure analysis as to whether risk assessments need to be conducted.
Objective 3. Provide Quality Assurance Support of Hazardous Air Pollutants
Program Requirements. The Quality Assurance activity provides standard reference
materials that permit decisions to be made with the confidence that the research
results are not spurious and that chemical and physical determinations of pollutant
fate, transport, and transformation are not in error.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,183,500 supported by 37.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,933,500 is for Salaries and Expenses and $2,250,000
is for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $412,400 and
$479,500 respectively and an increase of 5.0 total workyears. The increases will
be used to accelerate efforts to prepare comprehensive health assessments for use
by OAQPS in hazardous air pollutant listing decisions.
Prepare Health and Risk Assessments to Support Regulation of Hazardous
Pollutants.NinecomprehensivehealthassessmentdocumentswTTI5ecompleted.
Five additional documents will be initiated. By the end of 1985 assessment docu-
ments and/or assessment reviews for 32 chemicals will be completed. Four of
the evaluations are for chemicals which are already regulated and for which a
five year review of the basis for regulation is required. Twenty-one substances
are from the OAQPS list of "37 suspected hazardous air pollutants," and seven
substances result from other OAQPS regulatory priorities.
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1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,291,600 and 32.6 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,521,100 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,770,500 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Prepare Health and Risk Assessments to Support Regulation of Hazardous Air
Pollutants.In support of the OAQPS program to evaluate candidate hazardous air
pollutants, fifteen comprehensive health assessment documents and/or assessment
reviews are being completed. In addition nine assessments will be started.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$35,500 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (+$35,500) Several reprogrammings were made to this activi-
ty which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net increase of +$40,000 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation-and a net decrease of -$4,500 to the Research and Development appro-
priation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,023,400 and 21.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,288,300 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $735,100 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Prepare Health and Risk Assessments to Support Regulation of Hazardous Air
Pollutants.Comprehensive assessmentsforsixchemicals werecompleted. These
assessments will be printed and distributed by the middle of 1984. Assessments
and/or assessment reviews for eight chemicals were initiated.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,128,500 supported by 35.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,043,500 is for Salaries and Expenses and $3,085,000
is for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $208,100 and a
decrease of $70,000, respectively. The net increase reflects a multi-disciplinary
initiative to determine the contribution of air pollution to human cancer.
Develop Information on Health. Emission Reduction Technologies. Monitoring.
and Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities'! ORD will continue to
maintain non-criteria monitoring stations to provide information useful in selecting
chemicals for regulation and to investigate the effectiveness of existing control
measures. In ambient air, the focus will be on developing and assessing sampling/
concentration methods and developing advanced methods of analysis. New techniques
will be evaluated and source monitoring methods will also be developed, evaluated
and validated.
An integrated program to assess the contribution of air pollution to the
risk of cancer in the United States will be initiated. This integrated cancer
assessment program will involve several scientific disciplines within ORD (e.g.,
monitoring, health effects, engineering) and is designed to address a long-standing
major scientific problem; the lack of information on the relationship between air
pollution and cancer.
A-27
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Provide Quality Assurance Support for HAP Program Requirements. The resposi-
tory for reference samples will be expanded with Research Materials (RMs) from the
National Bureau of Standards (NBS). Additions to the Quality Assurance Handbook
will be developed, as will Technical Assistance Documents. These activities assist
in ensuring that research results have the highest level of quality assurance.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,990,400 and 35.8 total work-
years, of which $1,835,400 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$3,155,000 is under the Research and Development appropriation.
Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies, Monitoring.
and Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities. In response to the
need for a more coordinated effort to monitor non-criteria contaminants at the
regional, State, and local level, ORD is maintaining a non-criteria monitoring
center in Philadelphia and is expanding the program to establish three other trend
monitoring stations. The center functions as a focal point for the development
and evaluation of field and laboratory methodologies to permit the characterization
of urban and non-urban atmospheres.
In the area of indoor air pollution, studies are being undertaken in two
major areas: methods development (testing smaller, quieter monitors for formalde-
hyde particles and N02); and, monitoring (planning a large-scale multi-pollutant
survey of residences).
Provide Quality Assurance Support for HAP Program Requirements. A repository
for reference samples is being expanded and maintained. Qual.ity assurance guide-
lines are being developed detailing the procedures and explaining how to apply
these procedures to laboratories. Audits of regional, State, and local government
laboratories are being performed.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$194,100 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$194,100) Several reprogrammings were made to this activi-
ty which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$144,100 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and a net decrease of -$50,000 to the Research and Development appro-
priation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,299,100 and 34.5 total work-
years for this program, of which $1,772,500 was under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,526,600 was for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development, appropriation.
Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies, Monitoring,
and Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities. As a cooperative
effort, the first non-criteria monitoring station was established in Philadelphia.
In 1983, ORD conducted a study to characterize the types and concentrations of
indoor air pollution, especially on building materials in structures that the
public has access to (e.g., office buildings, hospitals, schools). The results of
this study will be compared to previous studies.
A-28
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Provide Quality Assurance Support for HAP Program Requirements. Standard
Reference Materials (SRM's) were validated and Issued for formaldehyde, asbestos,
and acrylonltrile. The sample repository was maintained and quality assurance
performance audits were conducted for Regions and local governments as requested.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,498,800 supported by 33.7 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,028,800 is for Salaries and Expenses and $1,470,000
is for Research and Development. This reflects increases of 3.0 workyears, $97,000
for Salaries and Expenses, and $716,500 for Research and Development. These re-
sources will be used to conduct the health research component of an integrated
program to address major scientific questions about the relationship between air
pollution and human cancer.
Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies, Monitoring,
and Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities.Tfiehealthresearch
component of the Integrated cancer project will use mutagenicity bioassays to direct
characterization of emissions once they have been detected and traced to a source.
This approach has been successfully used to identify potential carcinogens in
synthetic fuels, diesel emissions, and kerosene soot.
The remainder of the health research program has three goals: (1) to develop
and validate methods to produce dose-response data on the toxic effects of HAP's;
(2) to produce dose-response data on the toxic effects of HAPs; and (3) to develop
models which improve our ability to use dose-response data in risk assessments.
In dose-response toxlcological research, chemicals Identified as HAP's will
continue to be studied to determine their toxic effects upon genetic material, the
nervous and reproductive systems, the lungs, the liver, and the kidneys. A focal
point of these studies will be alterations in the lung's defenses against infection.
Research will also be continued to develop bioassays which are sufficiently
sensitive and reliable to evaluate the neurotoxlc potential of HAP's and to develop
improved data analysis techniques for use In establishing a cancer risk assessment
method based on comparative mutagenic potency of chemicals.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,685,300 and 30.7 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,931,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation, and $753,500 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies, Monitoring,
and Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities.Toxicologic studies
of HAPshaveb~eenbroadenedtoincludeadditionalhealth endpolnts. Bioassay
techniques are also being developed which will provide dose-response data more
rapidly, reliably, and inexpensively. The genetic, respiratory, reproductive, and
neurologic toxicity of chemicals selected by OAQPS are being studied. Biological
models are being developed which will provide better methods for extrapolating
data on neurologic toxicology from animal tests to predict human effects and
methods for extrapolating from observed effects at high doses to those at low
doses.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$22,200 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$22,200) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$22,200 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
A-29
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,080,500 and 22.6 total workyears
to this program, of which $1,214,700 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $865,800 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies, Monitoring,
and Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory ActivitiesTEmphasis was
placed on development of bioassays for the identification and screening of HAPs,
primarily with carclnogenesis and mutagenesis as endpoints. Studies were performed
to obtain genetic, neurologic, and pulmonary dose-response data on HAP's to support
regulation development and review. Also, the development of genetic and neurologic
toxidty models was continued to improve the Agency's capability to perform risk
assessments based on data obtained from animal studies.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,051,300 supported by 8.0 total workyears for
1985, of which $451,300 is for Salaries and Expenses and $600,000 1s for Research
and Development. This reflects an Increase of $204,400 and a decrease of $50,000,
respectively, and an Increase of 3.0 total workyears. This increase reflects a
multi-disciplinary initiative to determine the contribution of air pollution to
human cancer.
Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies, Monitoring,
and Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities.The program will
focus on characterizing emissions and evaluating mitigation technologies for HAPs
to assist OAQPS in formulating regulatory strategies and in developing priorities
for reducing HAP emissions. In addition, as a component of the Integrated cancer
assessment program, research will be conducted to characterize HAP emissions from
high priority industries and combustion sources. For a given source, hazardous
air pollutants emitted will be characterized to establish source emission factors,
and the performance of potential mitigation technologies will be described.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency Is allocating a total to $896,900 and 5.0 total workyears
to this program, of which $246,900 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $650,000 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies, Monitoring,
and Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities.Research is being
initiated to: (1) characterize HAP emissions and evaluate mitigation technology
performance for industrial and combustion sources such as the metallurgical, petro-
leum, and organic chemical industries and residential wood heaters; (2) provide
OAQPS with assistance in developing a methodology for ranking sources of HAPs; and
(3) characterize sources of indoor air pollution and the factors affecting them.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$79,000 results from the following actions:
-Reorogrammings. (+$79,000) Several reprogrammlngs were made to this activi-
ty whfcfiwere not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net increase of +$79,000 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
A-30
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1983 Accomplishments
No resources were expended in this program in 1983.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $975,100 supported by 3.9 total workyears for
this program, of which $338,200 is for Salaries and Expenses and $636,900 is for
Research and Development. This reflects increases of $18,400 and $94,600, respec-
tively. There will be an increased emphasis on characterizing HAPs in the ambient
air as part of ORD's integrated program to assess the contribution of air pollution
to the human cancer risk in the United States.
Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies, Monitor-
ing, an? Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities'! Research 6"n
atmospheric transport, transformationandfate of hazardous air pollutants will
continue to be conducted to support the regulatory needs of OAQPS. Studies will
be continued to determine the factors such as meteorology and atmospheric chemistry
influencing the concentration levels, and temporal and spatial variability of
volatile organic HAPs in urban air. Smog chamber studies will continue to be
conducted to determine lifetimes and chemical removal rates of HAPs from the atmos-
phere and to identify the products remaining from atmospheric reaction. The re-
sults of these studies will be used to simulate what occurs physically and chemi-
cally in the atmosphere. Studies to determine the extent, quality and accuracy
of existing ambient air data on more than 150 volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
will be continued. Also, as part of an integrated ORD program to assess the con-
tribution of air pollution to cancer risk in the United States, research will be
initiated to simulate atmospheric photochemistry; to collect and identify the
transformation products and ultimately describe the atmospheric processes which
led to the formation of bioactive products in the ambient air.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $862,100 and 3.9 total workyears
to this program, of which $319,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
and $542,300 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies, Monitoring and
Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities.Studies to determine the
factors responsible for the concentration levels, and temporal and spatial variabi-
lity of VOCs in urban air are being evaluated. In addition, studies are being
conducted to determine the extent, quality, and accuracy of existing ambient air
data on more than 150 VOCs. A study to determine the wet and dry deposition rates
of HAPs is being completed.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$1,400 results from the following actions:
- Reprogramming. (-$1,400) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$1,400 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $979,200 and 5.7 total workyears for
this program, of which $302,600 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
and $676,600 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Develop Information on Health, Emission Reduction Technologies, Monitoring,
and Transport and Fate to Support HAP Regulatory Activities.An assessment was
made on the accuracy of available ambient air quality data bases for a variety of
volatile organic compounds. Also, results from ambient air characterization studies
in ten urban areas for a selected number of potentially hazardous VOCs were compiled.
A-31
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AIR
Mobile Sources
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
OO
INJ
Sci enti fi c Assessment
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
$54.6
$18.7
$73.3
$630.2
$1,091.5
$1,721.7
$639.8
$2,052.0
$2,691.8
$530.3
$1,175.2
$1,705.5
$1,854.9
$4,337.4
$51.7
$425.0
$476.7
$545.5
$338.4
$883.9
$565. 3
$256.7
$822.0
$496.9
$403.9
$900.8
$1,659.4
$1,424.0
$51.7
$425.0
$476.7
$545.5
$338.4
$883.9
$565.3
$3,256.7
$3,822.0
$496.9
$403.9
$900.8
$1,659.4
$4,424.0
$51.7
$425.0
$476.7
$540.5
$338.4
$878.9
$565.3
$3,256.7
$3,822.0
$496.9
$403.9
$900.8
$1,654.4
$4,424.0
$66.9
$25.0
$91.9
$496.8
$338.4
$835. 2
$595.6
$3,297.3
$3,892.9
$335.4
$263.3
$598.7
$1,494.7
$3,924.0
$15.2
-$400.0
$384.8
-$43.7
-$43.7
$30.3
$40.6
$70.9
-$161.5
-$140.6
-$302.1
-$159.7
-$500.0
Mobile Sources
TOTAL $6,192.3 $3,083.4 $6,083.4 $6,078.4
$5,418.7 -$659.7
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PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Processes
& Effects
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Processes
ACTUAL
1983
1.0
10.0
5.5
10.0
26.5
1.0
13.5
8.6
15.6
AIR
Mobi le Sources
BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL
ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST
1984 1984 1984
(DOLLARS
1.0
5.3
3.7
6.2
16.2
1.0
8.0
7.4
12.2
IN THOUSANDS)
1.0 1.0
5.3 5.3
3.7 3.7
6. 2 6. 2
16.2 16.2
1.0 1.0
8.0 8.0
7.4 7.4
12.2 12.2
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
1.0
6.2 .9
3.7
6.2
17.1 .9
1.0
8.0
7.4
7.7 -4.5
& Effects
TOTAL WORKYEARS
38.7
28.6
28.6
28.6
24.1
-4.5
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AIR
Mobile Sources
Major Outputs/Milestones
Assess Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon
Monoxide
- Final addendum to 1979 carbon monoxide
criteria document (Scientific Assessment)
- Reports on Denver and Washington, D.C.
CO exposure studies (Monitoring)
- Report on validation of microenvironmental
exposure model (Monitoring)
- Report on relationship of CO exposure
profiles to breath CO levels in Denver
and Washington, D.C. (Monitoring)
- Journal article on validated equations
predicting COHb formation during CO
inhalation at rest and exercise
(Health)
- Journal article on pre-anginal events
of cardiac function in patients with
heart disease exposed to CO (Health)
Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to
Unregulated Mobile Source Pollutants
- Report on the assessment of low ambient
temperature on emissions from late model
gasoline fueled vehicles (Env. Processess)
- Report on the evaluation of methods for
measuring emissions from vehicles utilizing
blended fuels (Env. Processes and Effects)
Report on pollutant emission factors for
heavy duty Class VIII in-use diesel tractor
trailers and buses (Env. Processes)
Collect and Maintain Data in Support of the
Fuel and Fuel Additives Program
- Updated list of fuels and fuel additives
(Monitoring)
Provide QA Support for Mobile Sources
- Report on accuracy and precision of CO
personal exposure monitors (Monitoring)
Actual
1983
Amendment/
Current
Estimate Estimate
1984 1985
3/84
6/85
6/87
1/84
3/84
6/85
3/85
6/85
6/87
1/85
6/85
3/85
6/85
6/87
9/84
2/86
10/84
9/84
2/86
10/84
8/83
8/83
8/84
8/85
A-34
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AIR
Mobile Sources
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,418,700 supported by 24.1 total workyears
for 1985, a decrease of $659,700 and 4.5 total workyears from 1984. Included in
this total is $1,494,700 for Salaries and Expenses and $3,924,000 for Research and
Development, with decreases of $159,700 and $500,000, respectively. The decreases
occur primarily in the scientific assessment and environmental processes programs,
reflecting completion of the first revision of the carbon monoxide criteria
document and completion of studies on gaseous and particulate emissions from in-
use, heavy-duty diesel trucks and buses.
Program Description
Title II of the Clean Air Act, as amended in 1977, requires the Agency to
prescribe emission standards for carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons, and oxides of
nitrogen for heavy-duty and light-duty vehicles. In order to set justifiable and
cost-effective standards, the Agency requires information on the chemical composi-
tion of fuels, fuel additives, and diesel and gasoline exhausts. Also required is
information on the exposure of drivers, passengers and the population at large to
motor vehicle pollutants, the effects of that exposure, and the risks of sustaining
continued exposure. The Clean Air Act also requires the Agency to periodically
reevaluate the adequacy of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for
all the criteria pollutants, including CO, based upon the most scientifically
credible data available.
The following objectives support these goals:
Objective 1. Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon Monoxide to Sup-
port Review and Revision of NAAQS and Motor Vehicle Emission Standards.Work in
this objective includes determining population exposure profiles to CO using per-
sonal monitors and developing a data base for evaluating the impact of CO on car-
diovascular performance and neurobehavior in normal and susceptible humans. The
Administrator must evaluate the NAAQS for CO every five years as provided by Sec-
tion 109 of the Clean Air Act.
Objective 2. Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Unregulated Mobile
Source Pollutants?Research in this area seeks to determine population exposure
distribution to pollutants other than CO such as polynuclear aromatic (PNA) organics
and particulates; characterize the gaseous and particulate emissions from in-use
light and heavy-duty diesel and gasoline powered vehicles; refine existing air
quality models; and provide short-term testing guidelines to evaluate potential
acute health risks from unregulated emissions.
Objective 3. Collect and Maintain Data in Support of the Fuel and Fuel Ad-
ditives Program.Sections 211 and 302(d) of the Clean Air Act require the Environ-
mental Protection Agency (EPA) to provide a data base to determine whether the use
of any motor vehicle fuels or fuel additives pose an unreasonable risk to human
health.
Objective 4. Provide Quality Assurance Support for Mobile Sources Program
Requirements. The Office of Research and Development fi required to ensure that
all measurement data related to mobile source pollutants are reliable and accurate.
A-35
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SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $91,900 supported by 1.0 workyear for this pro-
gram, of which $66,900 is for Salaries and Expenses and $25,000 is for Research and
Development. This reflects an increase of $15,200 for Salaries and Expenses and
a decrease of $400,000 for Research and Development. The net decrease of $384,800
reflects the cyclical nature of the revision process for the carbon monoxide cri-
teria document.
Assess Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon Monoxide to Support Review and Re-
vision of NAAQS and Motor Vehicle Emission Standards. Analyses of risk assessment
issues related to the proposal or promulgation of a carbon monoxide standard will be
provided. Also, assistance in interpreting health and environmental risk data re-
lated to the carbon monoxide standard will be provided.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $476,700 and 1.0 workyear to this
program, of which $51,700 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$425,000 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
Assess Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon Monoxide to Support Review and Re-
vision of NAAQS and Motor Vehicle Emission Standards. After taking into account
comments received from public reviews, the final addendum to the 1979 CO Criteria
Document will be completed.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $73,300 and 1.0 workyear for this
program, of which $54,600 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$18,700 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
Assess Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon Monoxide to Support Review and Re-
vision of NAAQS and Motor Vehicle Emission Standards.TheaddendumtotRe1979
carbon monoxide criteria document was completed for public review and comment and
Clean Air Scientific Advisory Committee (CASAC) review.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests a total of $835,200 supported by 8.0 total work-
years for this program, of which $496,800 is for Salaries and Expenses and $338,400
is for Research and Development. This reflects a decrease of $43,700 in Salaries
and Expenses. This decrease represents a reduction in equipment expenses associa-
ted with quality assurance audits.
Assess Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon Monoxide to Support Review and Re-
vision of NAAQS and Motor Vehicle Emission Standards.TosupporttheNAAQSfo?
CO, analyses andreports based on the human exposure data bases collected in the
Washington, D.C., and Denver studies will be completed. The existing NAAQS is
A-36
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designed to assure that 99% of the population has blood levels below 2.5% carboxy-
hemoglobin, and the data from these urban-scale studies will be evaluated to assess
the proportion of the population below this level for various candidate NAAQS
values. An evaluation will be completed of the validity of existing activity pro-
files in actual urban settings. The methodology for the Denver and Washington,
D.C., field studies will continue to be evaluated for its applicability to other
criteria air pollutants for which NAAQS must be reviewed and revised.
Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Unregulated Mobile Source Pollutants.
The results from human exposure field studies will be evaluated for their applica-
bility to unregulated mobile source air pollutants, including organics and inhaled
particulates. The activity pattern data base obtained in these two urban-scale
studies will be evaluated for potential use with human activity pattern-exposure
models that may be applicable to unregulated emissions from mobile sources. Eval-
uation will be undertaken of personal monitoring techniques for inhaled particu-
lates.
Collect and Maintain Data in Support of the Fuel and Fuel Additives Program.
The registration of fuels and fuel additives program, as mandated by Congress, will
be continued.
Provide Quality Assurance Support for Mobile Source Program Requirements. The
quality assurance program willsupport the State and Local Air Monitoring System
(SLAMS). The nationwide audit program will obtain, test, verify, and distribute
carefully specified quality assurance samples. The quality assurance and standards
laboratory will function In assisting State and local agencies in generating
precise and accurate air monitoring data used to judge compliance with the NAAQS.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency Is allocating a total of $878,900 and 8.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $540,500 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $338,400 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Assess Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon Monoxide to Support Review and Re-
vision of NAAQS and Motor Vehicle Emission Standards." Work completed on the
Denver, Colorado, and Washington, D.C., human exposure CO field studies has provided
a large, valuable data base that will be extensively analyzed and evaluated.
Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Unregulated Mobile Source Pollutants.
The methodology developed for the Denver and Washington, D.C., population exposure
studies 1s being evaluated for possible use with unregulated mobile source pollu-
tants, including organics and inhaled particles. The activity pattern data base
obtained in these two field surveys is being analyzed for validation of exposure
models.
Collect and Maintain Data in Support of the Fuel and Fuel Additives Program.
The registration5Tfuels andfueladditives program, as mandatedByCongress,
continues.
Provide Quality Assurance Support for Mobile Source Program Requirements. The
quality assuranceprogramsupportstfieStateamiLocalA~7rMonitoringSystem
(SLAMS). The nationwide audit program obtains, verifies, and distributes carefully
specified quality assurance samples. Quality assurance audits are being conducted
on the CO exposure field studies in Denver and Washington, D.C.
A-37
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$5,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$5,000) A reprogramming was made to this activity which was
not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change re-
sulted in a net decrease of -$5,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,721,700 and 13.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $630,200 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $1,091,500 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Assess Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon Monoxide to Support Review and Re-
vision of NAAQS and Motor Vehicle Emission Standards. Exposure studies of EC
were undertaken comparing the levels people come into contact with during their
daily lives with actual readings at fixed air monitoring stations. A field survey
of 454 respondents was completed in Denver, Colorado, and another field survey of
712 respondents was completed in Washington, D.C.
Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Unregulated Mobile Source Pollutants.
The statistical design and approach used in the Denver and Washington, D.C. popula-
tion exposure studies were evaluated for use with other air pollutants such as par-
ticulates and nitrogen dioxide where exposure data are needed.
Collect and Maintain Data in Support of the Fuel and Fuel Additives Program.
The program to register fuels and fuel additives, as mandated by Congress, regis-
tered over 250 fuels.
Provide Quality Assurance Support for Mobile Source Program Requirements. The
quality assurance program supported the State and Local Air Monitoring System
(SLAMS) for those pollutants generated by mobile sources. Carefully specified
quality assurance samples for mobile source air pollutants were obtained, verified,
and distributed. An evaluation was conducted of several new CO personal monitoring
instruments to determine their precision, accuracy, and sensitivity to temperature
variation.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,892,900 supported by 7.4 total workyears for
this program, of which $595,600 is for Salaries and Expenses and $3,297,300 is for
Research and Development. This reflects increases of $30,300 and $40,600 respec-
tively to support additional testing of instruments that can be used in field
studies to measure changes in cardiac function.
Assess Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon Monoxide to Support Review and Re-
vision of NAAQS and Motor Vehicle Emission Standards"! The health research
program for this objective has two goals: TH to develop and validate tech-
niques to produce dose-response data on the toxic effects of carbon monoxide;
and (2) to produce dose-response data on the toxic effects of carbon monoxide.
The possibility of toxic effects of exposures to CO concentrations (at or
near the ambient standard) needs to be more definitively determined; therefore,
clinical and animal studies to produce dose-response data on the toxic effects
of low-level exposure to CO will be conducted. Techniques have been developed to
measure, non-invasively, the cardiac effects of CO exposure. These techniques
will improve our ability to produce dose-response data in humans. This information
will be used in risk assessments, the results of which will improve the data base
upon which OAQPS can update the CO standard.
A-38
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Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Unregulated Mobile Source Pollutants.
Under tms program tunding continues for the Health Ltf-ects Institute (HL1).TRe
HEI was established and Is funded by both EPA and the motor vehicle Industry to
perform Independent studies and produce health data on pollutants emitted from
motor vehicles.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency Is allocating a total of $3,822,000 and 7.4 total workyears
to this program, of which $565,300 1s under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $3,256,700 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Assess Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon Monoxide to Support Review and Re-
vision of NAAQS and Motor Vehicle Emission Standards.Studiesarebeingper^"
formed to provide dose-response data on cardiac and respiratory effects 1n humans
following exposure to low levels of CO. In the human studies, both healthy volun-
teers and patients with heart disease are being studied. The data from these
studies will contribute to ongoing risk assessments which will refine the data base
for updating the CO standard.
Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Unregulated Mobile Source Pollutants.
The Health Effects Institute (HEI) is completing arrangements for its second year
of funding, both for ongoing work and new projects. The research needs submitted
for consideration Include formaldehyde, methanol, and bloassay development for
fuels and fuel additives, as well as ongoing work on carbon monoxide, nitrogen
oxides, and ozone.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There 1s no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,691,800 and 8.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $639,800 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $2,052,000 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Assess Health Risks and Exposure to Carbon Monoxide to Support Review and Re-
visioTTof NAAQS and Motor Vehicle Emission Standards.Studies were begun to pro-
vide dose-response data on cardiac and respiratory effects 1n healthy humans and
those with cardiovascular disease exposed to low levels of CO.
Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Unregulated Mobile Source Pollutants.
The Health Effects Institute completed arrangements for its initial year of funding,
and studies were initiated on the health effects of diesel emissions, other organic
emissions, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and ozone.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AMD EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $598,700 supported by 7.7 total workyears for
this program, of which $335,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $263,300 is for the Research and Development appropriation. This represents
decreases of $161,500 and $140,600 respectively, and 4.5 workyears. The decreases
reflect completion of research on the gaseous and particulate emissions from 1n-
use, heavy-duty diesel trucks and buses.
A-39
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Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Unregulated Mobile Source Pollutants.
In 1985, studies will continue to provide the information necessary to accurately
assess and evaluate the impacts of unregulated mobile source emissions on ambient
air quality^ Studies initiated in 1984 will continue to: 1) determine the impact
of emissions from vehicles utilizing blended fuel mixtures on ozone air quality,
2) assess and evaluate the effects of low ambient temperature on emissions from
late model, in-use light-duty diesel and gasoline powered vehicles, 3) develop and
refine real-time measurement procedures to permit accurate analysis of emissions
from vehicles utilizing fuel mixtures, and 4) characterize the gaseous and particu-
late emissions from late model, in-use light-duty diesel vehicles.
Information from these research activities will provide an updated, comprehen-
sive in-use emissions data base; provide for the refinement of existing air quality
models to assess the impacts of mobile source emissions on ambient air quality; and
support the Agency's mobile source regulatory development programs.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $900,800 and 12.2 total workyears
to this program, of which $496,900 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $403,900 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Unregulated Mobile Source Pollutants.
Studies to characterize the gaseous and particulate emissions (and the influence of
load on emissions) from heavy-duty diesel and gasoline powered trucks and buses
will be concluded. In response to program office information needs, the four
studies listed above have been initiated. Information obtained from these studies
will enable researchers to develop and/or modify analytical techniques to more
accurately measure mobile source emissions and to establish the experimental foun-
dation for more detailed characterization studies.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,705,500 and 15.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $530,300 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $1,175,200 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Assess the Health Risks and Exposure to Unregulated Mobile Source Pollutants.
Emissions characterization studies on heavy-duty diesel and gasoline vehicles using
transient engine dynamometers were completed. In addition, studies to characterize
the gaseous and particulate emissions, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs),
from in-use gasoline powered passenger cars were also completed. The information
was provided to the program office for use in determining the need for regulatory
action. The information was also used to improve the data bases for models used
to assess the impact of mobile source emissions on ambient air quality.
A-40
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AIR
Gases and Particles
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment
Sal an es & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Salari es & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$513.5
$250.5
$764.0
$3,658.5
$3,110.1
$6,768.6
$3,637.2
$3,458.2
$7,095.4
$1,817.9
$4,647.8
$6,465.7
$2,573.7
$8,381.5
$10,955.2
$536.6
$500.0
$1,036.6
$3,376.9
$2,472.7
$5,849.6
$3,734.8
$4,159.1
$7,893.9
$1,473.4
$900.3
$2,373.7
$2,509.3
$6,773.3
$9,282.6
$536.6
$500.0
$1,036.6
$3,376.9
$2,472.7
$5,849.6
$3,767.9
$5,159.1
$8,927.0
$1,570.6
$2,420.3
$3,990.9
$2,509.3
$6,773.3
$9,282.6
$536.6
$500.0
$1,036.6
$3,270.8
$2,416.7
$5,687.5
$3,967.9
$5,159.1
$9,127.0
$1,375.4
$2,420.3
$3,795.7
$2,509.3
$6,609.3
$9,118.6
$549.6
$494.2
$1,043.8
$3,354.8
$2,238.9
$5,593.7
$3,778.1
$6,209.9
$9,988.0
$1,992.0
$2,374.0
$4,366.0
$2,440.1
$6,001.8
$8,441.9
$13.0
-$5.8
$7.2
$84.0
-$177.8
-$93.8
-$189.8
$1,050.8
$861.0
$616.6
-$46.3
$570.3
-$69.2
-$607.5
-$676.7
-------
3>
4*
ro
AIR
Gases and Particles
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
TOTAL:
Sal arics & Expenses
Research & Development
Gases and Particles TOTAL
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Envi ronmental Engineering
$12,200.8
$19,848.1
$32,048.9
8.4
65.0
50.5
27.8
(DOLLARS
$11,631.0
$14,805.4
$26,436.4
7.5
54.9
54.9
15.2
IN THOUSANDS)
$11,761.3
$17,325.4
$29,086.7
7.5
54.9
55.8
18.1
$11,660.0
$17,105.4
$28,765.4
7.5
54.0
55.8
17.1
$12,114.6
$17,318.8
$29,433.4
7.5
55.0
55.9
25.0
$454.6
$213.4
$668.0
1.0
.1
7.9
& Techriolbgy
Pr°CeSSes
35-2
30-5
30-5
30.5
30.5
TOTAL PERMANENT WORK YEARS
186.9
163.0
166.8
164.9
173.9
9.0
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AIR
Gases and Particles
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN
t>
t*
CO
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
TOTAL tORKYEARS
10.9
75.2
55.3
36.5
46.4
224.3
10.0
64.1
65.5
25.3
40.5
205.4
THOUSANDS)
10.0
64.1
66.5
28.2
40.5
209.3
10.0
63.2
66.5
27.2
40.5
207.4
10.0
63.2
66.5
37.2
37.5
214.4
10.0
-3.0
7.0
-------
AIR
Gases and Particles
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Major Outputs/Milestones 1983 1984 1985
Develop and Validate Air Quality
Models
- Develop a users guide for an 6/85 6/85 6/85
interim regional particulate
model (Env. Processes)
- Report on extrapolation of 3/85 3/85 3/85
turbulent fluctuation with
height (Env. Processes)
- Receptor modeling results and 9/85 9/85 9/85
data base for comparison with
dispersion modeling results
for Philadelphia
(Env. Processes)
- Deliver an improved urban and 11/85 11/85 11/85
mesoscale aerosol model to
UNAMAP (Env. Processes)
- Evaluate a complex terrain 1/86 1/86 1/86
dispersion model for stable
plume impact ion (Env.
Processes)
Develop Health and Welfare Effects
Information
- Publication on the response of 10/84 10/84 10/84
'an atmospheric corrosion moni-
tor as a proxy for damage to
materials (Env. Processes)
- Report evaluating the occurrence 12/84 12/84 12/84
of pollutant mixtures and exposure
regimes for dose/ response studies
(Env. Processes)
- Journal articles on the response 3/84 3/84 3/84
of asthmatics to S02 exposure
(Health)
- Journal article on the neuro- 11/84 11/84 11/84
behavioral effects of lead in
children and adults (Health)
- Journal article on the deposition 9/85 9/85 9/85
of S02 and hygroscopic particles
in the respiratory tract (Health)
A-44
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Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Major Outputs/Milestones 1983 1984 1985
- Journal article on the responses 10/86 10/86 10/86
of patients with chronic lung
disease (Health)
- Publish criteria document for 12/84 12/84
PM/SOX (Scientific Assessment)
- Publish criteria document for 12/84 12/84 12/84
lead (Scientific Assessment)
Develop and Validate GAP Measurement
and Monitoring Methods '
- Analyze filters and summarize 6/83 6/84 6/85
IP data (Monitoring)
- Review and process reference 9/83 9/84 9/85
and equivalent methods
applications (Monitoring)
- Apply airborne lidar to plume 9/83 9/84 9/85
particulate transport
(Monitoring)
Provide QA Support for the GAP
Program Requirements
- Provide QA for IP, SLAMS/NAMS 9/83 9/84 9/85
ambient monitoring networks and
for continuous emissions and
other source monitors
(Monitoring)
Research and Assess Emissions Reduction
Technologies
- Issue assessment of fugitive 9/83
emissions particle control methods
(Env. Technology)
- Report on prospective cost model 12/83
for integrated air pollutant emis-
sions reduction options for power
utilities (Env. Technology)
- Report on the field evaluation of 8/84 8/84
the first generation full-scale
utility spray dryer FGD system
(Env. Technology)
- Report for first generation two- 12/84 12/84
stage electrostatic precipitators
(Env. Technology)
A-45
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AIR
Gases and Particles
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $29,433,400 supported by 214.4 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $668,000 and 7.0 total workyears from 1984. Included in
this total is $12,114,600 for Salaries and Expenses and $17,318,800 for Research
and Development which reflects an increase of $454,600 and $213,400, respectively.
The increase results from an enhancement of the epidemiology research program,
added emphasis on providing environmental engineering and technology technical
assistance, and identifying the options and advantages of integrated air pollution
control technologies in coal-fired power plants.
Program Description
The Gases and Particles research program provides regulatory decision-makers,
the regulated community and enforcement officials with the monitoring methodolo-
gies, air quality models, health and welfare assessments and emission reduction
technology evaluations required to regulate atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and
its major components, lead, and gaseous sulfur dioxide (503) under the Clean Air
Act (CAA). The following objectives support these goals:
Objective 1. Develop and Validate Air Quality Models to Support Implementa-
tion, "Maintenance, and Enforcement of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard's
(NAAQS).Research under this objective provides the air quality models, emissions
data, monitoring tools, and technical support needed by States to develop, adopt
and enforce cost-effective control strategies required by the CAA. The results of
this work are disseminated for use in the development of State Implementation Plans
(SIPs), Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) determinations, and for pro-
tection from visibility degradation in Class I pristine areas.
Objective 2. Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review
and Revision of NAAQS.Research under this objective provides the Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS) with data on the adverse health and welfare
effects of gases and particles needed to periodically re-evaluate the adequacy of
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for S02» lead, and particulate
matter. Criteria documents for health and welfare effects provide the primary
documentation for the review.
Objective 3. Develop and Validate Measurement and Monitoring Methods for the
Gases and Particles Program. TodetermineaTrqualitytrends, compliancewith
permit conditions, and the need for enforcement actions, research under this objec-
tive provides OAQPS and the Regions with new and improved air pollution methodolo-
gies and monitoring techniques. Research focuses on ambient, source, and exposure
measurement methods.
Objective 4. Research and Assess Emission Reduction Technologies to Support
Permitting, the New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) and Compliance Activities?
Research under this objective provides OAQPS, the Regions, and industry with data
on the performance, cost and reliability of existing, new, and emerging emissions
reduction technologies. This information helps to establish New Source Performance
Standards (NSPS) and is used for SIPs, PSD determinations, and for the protection
from visibility degradation in Class I pristine areas.
Objective 5. Provide Quality Assurance (QA) Support for the Gases and Par-
ticles Program:Research under this objective supports Title 40, Part58 of the
Clean Air Act which specifies mandatory QA for State and local monitoring.
A-46
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SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,043,800 supported by 10.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $549,600 is for Salaries and Expenses and $494,200 is
for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $13,000 and a decrease
of $5,800, respectively.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAQS.The final lead criteria document will be available in December, 1984.
Support will be provided to OAQPS to develop regulatory analyses, respond to public
comments and participate in the Clean Air Science Advisory Committee (CASAC) review
for the lead standard update. Also, consultative guidance will be provided to
assist OAQPS in the development of revised particulate matter (PM) and sulfur oxide
(SOX) standards. The next update of the PM/SOX criteria document will be initia-
ted.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,036,600 and 10.0 total work-
years to this program, of which $536,600 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $500,000 is for the Research and Development appropriation.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAQS. Work on the lead criteria document is continuing to develop a final
document in December, 1984. The revised criteria document for lead was made avail-
able for public review and comment in October 1983. Technical assistance is being
provided to OAQPS on the PM/SOX criteria document to help develop regulatory pro-
posals, and participate in the CASAC peer review of regulatory options for PM and
SOX.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $764,000 and 10.9 total workyears,
of which $513,500 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $250,500
was for the Research and Development appropriation.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAQS. Efforts were directed towards revising and updating the current criteria
document for lead. Also, technical assistance was provided to OAQPS on the PM/SOX
criteria document to help develop regulatory options, respond to public comments
on regulatory proposals and participate in the CASAC peer review of regulatory
options for PM and SOX.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,593,700 supported by 63.2 total workyears for
this program, of which $3,354,800 is for Salaries and Expenses and $2,238,900 is
for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $84,000 and a decrease
of $177,800, respectively. The net decrease results from a reduction in the number
of routine and special quality assurance audits required.
A-47
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Develop and Validate Measurement and Monitoring Methods for the Gases and
Particles Program. The Office of Research and Development will analyze the mass and
chemical composition of gases and particles from filters collected by the Inhalable
Participate (IP) Network. Study of the operational characteristics of the lOu fil-
ter system will be carried out. Glass fiber filters from National, State and local
Air Monitoring Stations (SLAMS and NAMS) will be analyzed for mass and trace
metals. Reference and equivalent methods for gases and particles will be evalua-
ted. Continuous emission monitoring methods for stationary sources will be evalua-
ted. Data support will be provided for international monitoring programs. Regional
plume transport will be studied using airborne lidar techniques.
Provide Quality Assurance (QA) Support for the Gases and Particles Program.
Duality assurance support will be provided to the IP Network, the SLAMS/NAMS net-
work, and other air monitoring efforts. A standards laboratory and a repository of
OA materials will be maintained for the user community. Routine and special audits
will be conducted on laboratories making ambient and source measurements and on
compressed gas vendors. The OA guidelines, Handbook, Data Handling System and
Precision and Accuracy Reporting Systems will be updated and maintained. An audit
program for continuous emission monitors for stationary sources will be carried
out. Statistical techniques will be carried out for investigating temporal and
spatial distributions of pollutants and corresponding human exposures.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,687,500 and 63.2 total work-
years to this program, of which $3,270,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,416,700 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Develop and Validate Measurement and Monitoring Methods for the Gases and
Parti'cTes Program. The IP Network was originally planned to be transferred to the
States in 1984. However, OAOPS requested that 20 of the sites be kept active and
under the supervision of the Office of Research and Development. Thus, these 20
sites will be operated for at least one more year to develop data for OAOPS. Moni-
toring systems for pollutants in ambient-air and in source emissions are being
developed and improved. Selected systems are being subjected to single and multi-
laboratory evaluation to identify and correct sources of error.
Provide Quality Assurance (OA) Support for the Gases and Particles Program.
Qua 1 ity control samples are being obtained and used in audits, and OA support is
being provided to the IP Network and the SLAMS/NAMS networks.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$162,100 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$162,100) Several reprogrammings were made to this activi-
ty which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$106,100 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and a net decrease of -$56,000 to the Research and Development appro-
priation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $6,768,600 and 75.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,658,500 was under the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,110,100 was for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Develop and Validate Measurement and Monitoring Methods in Support of the
Gases ana ^articles nrogram. Planning continued tor the transfer of the IP Network
to the States. The mass and chemical composition of samples were determined. The
SLAMS/NAMS networks were continued and the filters analyzed to determine ambient
air quality trends and the effects of Agency actions on national air quality.
A-48
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Provide Quality Assurance (QA) Support for the Gases and Particles Program.
In 1983, performance audits of SLAMS/NAMS stations were conducted; a repository of
reference samples and standards was maintained; new and expanded QA guidelines were
published; and the Mandatory QA Program was continued to respond to Regional, State
and local needs.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,988,000 supported by 66.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,778,100 is for Salaries and Expenses and $6,209,900
is for Research and Development activities. This reflects a decrease of $189,800
for Salaries and Expenses and an increase of $1,050,800 for Research and Develop-
ment. The net increase results from the enhancement of the Agency's epidemiology
research program.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAQS.The research program has three major goals:1) to provide data on a
full range of health effects of exposure to gases, $03, particles, and lead from
human and animal studies; 2) to provide better models to extrapolate animal data
to humans; and 3) to develop improved test methods for use by the Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) and others to conduct improved research into the physio-
logic response of humans to gaseous air pollutants and particles.
Work will be initiated to develop an aerosol particle generation system to
study coarse mode particles in animals. Also, screening tests will be performed
to rank the potency of coarse mode particles in animals and man. Animal toxicology
studies of fine and coarse mode particles will provide data on chronic and sub-
chronic effects, including pulmonary structure and function, host defense mecha-
nisms, and lung biochemistry. Human studies will evaluate the respiratory and
cardiovascular effects of gases and particles on persons with cardiovascular or
chronic pulmonary disease. Research will continue on the effects of S02 on sus-
ceptible populations, with expanded efforts on biochemical and immunological
changes.
Efforts to improve extrapolation techniques and their application will be
initiated. Theoretical models of respiratory tract deposition of gases and
particles will be developed and lung dosimetry modeling efforts will be expanded
to include additional compounds. A portable personal monitor which provides ob-
jective measurements of human physiologic response to gases will be refined.
Since the developing nervous system of animals and humans is known to be more
vulnerable to lead toxicity than the mature system, it is necessary to obtain
quantitative data on the neurological effects of lead at lower levels, especially
at levels previously considered to be safe in children. In 1985, a study will
be completed which uses electrophysiological assessments of several behavioral and
central nervous system responses. The significance of the effects noted will then
be evaluated for use in assessing health risks from lead at these levels.
Under the U.S.-China Protocol for Scientific and Technical Cooperation in
Environmental Protection, a comprehensive study of the relationship between air
pollution and lung disease is being undertaken in China. U.S. experts in epidemi-
ology, cell biology, and chemistry are working with Chinese scientists, using
state-of-the-art techniques and equipment, to monitor and sample indoor and outdoor
air, with special attention on coal and wood burning in the home. Organic extracts
from these samples, and similar ones taken using U.S. coal, will be bioassayed for
oncogenic cell transformation and gene mutation. Ultimately, the mutagenicity of
air samples and lung cancer incidence data from the Peoples Republic of China (PRC)
will be compared.
Epidemiology studies initiated in 1984 will be continued in 1985 and new ones
initiated where feasible. It is anticipated that the increased resources availa-
ble for this program will enable EPA to collaborate with other agencies to improve
population exposure estimates.
A-49
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1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $9,127,000 and 66.5 total workyears
to this program, of which $3,967,900 Is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $5,159,100 Is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAQS. In response to program office priorities, additional clinical studies
of normal and susceptible populations are being conducted. In addition, the
effects of acute and chronic exposure to large inhalable particles are being close-
ly examined. Both human and animal dose-response studies are focussed on deter-
mining the deposition, clearance, and pulmonary effects of particles, alone and in
combination with ozone, nitrogen oxide and S02« Extrapolation efforts are being
refined in accordance with findings of the 1983 extrapolation workshop.
Field work began on the China study of air pollution and lung disease. In
1984, Chinese scientists will assist with bloassay activities and epidemiological
data analysis. Feasibility studies will be conducted to determine the role of
epidemiology in Identifying health risks from gases and particles under varying
atmospheric and climatic conditions.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net Increase of +$200,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$200,000) A reprogrammlng was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogrammlng limitations. This change
resulted in a net Increase of +$200,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $7,095,400 and 55.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,637,200 was under the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,458,200 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAQS.Major accomplishments included a report on acute physiological responses
on normal subjects following inhalation of gases, particles, and mixtures of both.
A national workshop was held on extrapolation modeling resulting in a long-term
research strategy.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,366,000 supported by 37.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,992,000 is for Salaries and Expenses and $2,374,000
is for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $616,600 for
Salaries and Expenses and 10.0 total workyears and a decrease of $46,300 1n Research
and Development. This net increase results from greater emphasis on intensive
in-house activities to support the Agency's compliance programs. Specifically,
the additional resources will be used to provide additional technical assistance
and to identify the options and advantages of integrating air pollution control
technologies in coal-fired power plants.
A-50
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Research and Assess Emissions Reduction Technologies to Support Permitting,
NSPS and Compliance Activities!Cowcost,highlyreliableemissionsreduc-
tion technology design and performance criteria need to be disseminated to the
user and permitting communities. To meet this need, ORD will conduct the following
research activities.
Research will identify the potential of the most promising sorbents for use
in spray dryer and dry injection processes for sulfur dioxide controls from coal
fired boilers as a means to amplify the potentials of these very recent commercial
technologies. The effects of wide plate spacing on ESP performance will be evalu-
ated with special emphasis on retrofit applications.
The potential of coal cleaning techniques to further reduce pyritic sulfur
in coals will be assessed, and a first full scale module test of an electrostati-
cally enhanced fabric filter (ESFF) pilot baghouse will be conducted under electric
utility operating conditions.
The Tenth Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD) Symposium and Sixth Particle Collec-
tion Symposia will be held jointly with the Electric Power Research Institute to
transfer information on the technologies in these areas to the regulated community.
An engineering operations research program will be initiated to identify the
options and advantages of integrating air pollution control technologies in coal
fired power plants.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,795,700 and 27.2 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,375,400 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,420,300 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Research and Assess Emissions Reduction Technologies to Support Permitting
NSPS, and Compliance Activities.Researchonadvanced particleandSOX capture
techniques is beingconducted to enhance the performance of fabric filters and
ESP's and ease their transition and acceptance by the regulating and regulated
communities. The engineering pilot testing of these systems are being continued
with the objective of increasing performance at lower costs.
Research on the fundamentals of combined SOX and particle emissions capture
by new and conventional technology is being evaluated. Emphasis is on assessing
the potential for dry sorbents as a means to capture SOX.
The potential for optimizing the combination of air pollution reduction tech-
nologies for coal-fired power plants is being assessed. An effort to assess the
impacts resulting from integrating air pollution control technologies on power
plant operation and emission reductions is being initiated to identify the poten-
tial of this approach.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$195,200 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$195,200) Several reprogrammings were made to this activi-
ty which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$195,200 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $6,465,700 and 36.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,817,900 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $4,647,800 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
A-51
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Research and Assess Emissions Reduction Technologies to Support Permitting,
NSPS,"and" Compliance Activities^Fabric filter baghouses are being accepted as an
option for utility and certain industrial particle emissions reduction applications
and are known to have potential for SOX reductions. Therefore, an evaluation of
conventional baghouses for particle control was completed and the data made avail-
able to support the 1985 NSPS review for utility boilers. Also, field assess-
ments of the performance of baghouses in conjunction with spray dryers for combined
S0x-particle capture were conducted to ascertain the reliability of this technology.
A state-of-the-art FGD technology assessment for fossil fuel fired boilers
was completed. In addition, the use of organic acids to enhance limestone
scrubbing performance and reliability with reduced costs was commercialized.
These results will be used for the 1985 NSPS review and for regional and enforce-
ment permitting purposes. Evaluations of two methods for fugitive particles
emissions reduction were completed and a technology assessment made. Operation
and maintenance guides for electrostatic precipitators were completed and include
flue gas conditioning methods as stop-gap techniques to improve existing ESP per-
formance in low sulfur coal applications.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,441,900 supported by 37.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,440,100 is for Salaries and Expenses and $6,001,800
is for Research and Development, with decreases of $69,200 and $607,500, respec-
tively. This also reflects a decrease of 3 workyears. The decrease reflects
completion of work in the air ecology research program as well as an extension to
the required schedule for the development of air quality models for urban scale
particulate matter and complex terrain SOg.
Develop and Validate Air Quality Models to Support Implementation, Mainte-
nance, and Enforcement of NAAQ.S.Improved particulate models will be developed for
urban and mesoscale distances. Fugitive dust transport and modeling studies will
be conducted and the reactive plume model for ozone will be modified to include the
non-linear chemistry for sulfate, nitrate, and organics.
A regional scale particulate matter air quality model is being developed to
demonstrate the long range transport of particles and to demonstrate the effective-
ness of alternative control strategies in meeting acceptable ambient air quality
levels. A users guide for the interim linear model for fine and inhalable
particles will be completed. Long range tracer experiments in conjunction with
the Department of Energy (DOE), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
(NOAA), and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) will be conducted during
the summer of 1985. These experiments will involve multiple tracer releases from
Ohio and Canada to study transport and dispersion to the East.
Work will begin on the development of second generation source apportionment
methods to identify the most effective mathematical and analytical models to use in
receptor modeling; to evaluate several second generation receptor models using real
and simulated aerosol data sets; to determine the limitation of receptor modeling;
to develop internal and external verification procedures for each method; and, to
develop protocols for combining receptor and dispersion models in order to address
source apportionment problems.
Present S02 air quality dispersion models for single and multiple sources in
complex terrain are inadequate to meet the needs of the Regions, States, local
governments and industry, especially in the mountainous West where there is a great
deal of energy development activity. A full-scale plume study of a three dimen-
sional complex terrain area will be continued. Also, a users guide for the complex
terrain dispersion model for stable plume impaction will be delivered to OAQPS by
early FY 1986.
A-52
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Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAgs.ine results ot research on the effects of sulfur dioxide and particles
on steel will be Integrated into the materials risk model. In addition, a field
research program will be initiated to evaluate the effects of gaseous pollutants
on such building surfaces as paints, stone, and concrete, and will include an
analysis of weathering factors.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,118,600 and 40.5 total work-
years to this program, of which $2,509,300 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation, and $6,609,300 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Develop and Validate Air Quality Models to Support Implementation, Mainte-
nance, and Enforcement of NAAQS.Research focuses on the following projects:1)
development of a regional particulate model which will provide information on the
meteorological conditions that lead to prolonged, elevated pollution episodes; 2)
development of an interim linear regional particulate model for fine and inhalable
particles; 3) analysis of results of the 1983 Cross Appalachian Tracer Experiments
(CAPTEX); 4) completion of first generation source apportionment methods; 5) devel-
opment and validation of urban and mesoscale particulate models; 6) initiation of
a full scale plume study of a three dimensional complex terrain area; 7) develop-
ment and validation of visibilty models; and 8) development of improved procedures
for treating dispersion parameters from elevated sources.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAQS. A material risk model is being developed for use in the assessment of
the effects of SO? and particles on various types of materials such as steel and
paints. A corrosion monitor is being developed and tested to provide greater
quantification of the impacts of air pollutants on metals. The air ecology pro-
gram is evaluating the frequency and extent of potentially adverse air quality
conditions relevant to pollutant mixtures (S02, 03, and N02).
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$164,000 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$164,000) Several reprogrammings were made to this activi-
ty which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$164,000 to the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $10,955,200 and 46.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,573,700 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation, and $8,381,500 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Develop and Validate Air Quality Models to Support Implementation, Mainte-
nance, and Enforcement of NAAQS.The major accomplishments of this program were
as follows:1) a new dispersion scheme for elevated releases was developed; 2)
the Small Hill Impaction Study #2 was conducted; 3) improved local scale and meso-
scale air quality models for western Colorado and eastern Utah were delivered; 4)
a user's guide for the Particulate Episodic Model (PEM) was developed and valida-
ted; 5) Source Apportionment Methods (SAM) were developed; and 6) a long range
tracer experiment (CAPTEX) was conducted jointly with DOE, EPRI, and Canada.
Develop Health and Welfare Effects Information to Support Review and Revision
of NAAQS.The air ecology program focused on the ecological effects of pollutant
combinations (SOo, 03, and N02). A workshop was held to develop a research stra-
tegy for evaluating the impacts of pollutant combinations. Research in materials
damage concentrated on the development of an atmospheric corrosion monitor to be
used as a proxy for damage to materials from SOj and particles.
A-53
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Abatement and
Control
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
AIR
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning & Standards A-55
Emission Standards & Technology Assessment A-58
Pollutant Strategies & Ai r Standards Development A-59
State Program Guidelines & Regulations Development A-60
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy A-62
Emission Standards, Technical Assessment & Characterization A-64
Testing, Technical & Administrative Support *.... A-65
Emissions & Fuel Economy Compliance A-66
State Programs Resource Assistance A-68
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants).... A-71
Traini ng A-72
Air Quality Management Implementation A-73
Trends Monitoring 8 Progress Assessment A-77
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring A-79
Air Quality & Emissions Data Analysis & Progress Assessment A-81
A-54
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AIR
Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning & Standards
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Emission Standards &
Technology Assessment
Salaries & Expenses $4,180.1 $3,848.2 $4,112.8 $4,180.9 $4,395.8 $214.9
Abatement Control and $9,700.5 $8,793.2 $9,193.2 $9,193.2 $8,610.3 -$582.9
Compliance
TOTAL $13,880.6 $12,641.4 $13,306.0 $13,374.1 $13,006.1 -$368.0
Pollutant Strategies ft
Air Standards
Development
Salaries & Expenses $2,804.7 $2,316.7 $2,482.1 $2,580.8 $3,532.7 $951.9
Abatement Control and $1,128.0 $1,593.0 $1,593.0 $1,593.0 $1,992.0 $399.0
Compliance '. ,
TOTAL $3,932.7 $3,909.7 $4,075.1 $4,173.8 $5,524.7 $1,350.9
State Program '
Guidelines &
Regulations Development
Salaries & Expenses $3,124.4 $2,626.2 $2,791.6 $2,791.6 $3,285.4 $493.8
Abatement Control and $959.7 $1,235.0 $1,235.0 $1,235.0 $1,574.5 $339.5
Compliance
TOTAL $4,084.1 $3,861.2 $4,026.6 $4,026.6 $4,859.9 $833.3
TOTAL:
Salaries ft Expenses $10,109.2 $8,791.1 $9,386.5 $9,553.3 $11,213.9 $1,660.6
Abatement Control and $11,788.2 $11,621.2 $12,021.2 $12,021.2 $12,176.8 $155.6
Compliance
Air Quality & TOTAL $21,897.4 $20,412.3 $21,407.7 $21,574.5 $23,390.7 $1,816.2
Stationary Source
Planning ft Standards
-------
AIR
i
CJl
en
Ai r Standards
Development
State Program
Guidelines &
Regulations Development
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Air Quality & Stationary Source Planning * Standards
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Emission Standards S
Technology Assessment
Pollutant Strategies fl
(DOLLARS
92.6 84.8
52.1 47.8
IN THOUSANDS)
92.1 92.1
52.4 55.9
91.8 -.3
76.8 20.9
72.0 60.3 64.8 64.8
216.7 192.9 209.3 212.8
71.1
239.7
6.3
26.9
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Emission Standards &
Technology Assessment
Pollutant Strategies &
Air Standards
Development
State Program
Guidelines &
Regulations Development
97.0 90.6 98.6 98.6
63.6
54.4 59.4
63.4
76.0 63.9 68.9 68.9
98.6
81.4
76.9
18.0
8.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
236.6 208.9 226.9 230.9
256.9
26.0
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AIR
Air Quality and Stationary Source Planning and Standards
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $23,390,700 supported by 256.9 total work-
years for 1985. Of the total request, $11,213,900 is for the Salaries and Ex-
penses appropriation and $12,176,800 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, an increase of $1,816,200 and 26 total workyears.
Program Description
The program areas under this subactivity include:
Emission Standards and Technology Assessment This program provides for the
establishment, review and revision of national emission standards for stationary
sources under Sections 111 and 112 of the Clean Air Act. Section 111 requires the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish New Source Performance Standards
(NSPSs). Section 112 authorizes National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants (NESHAPs).
NSPSs reflect the performance of the best control systems for reducing emis-
sions. The standards are set taking into consideration technical feasibility,
cost, and economic, energy, and environmental impacts. The background information
published as part of the process for setting NSPSs provides useful data to State
agencies in defining best available control technology, lowest achievable emission
rates, and reasonably available control technology, when such determinations of
appropriate control levels must be made under other sections of the Clean Air Act.
NESHAPs protect the public from pollutants that cause or contribute to air
pollution that results in an increase in mortality or an increase in serious
irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness.
Pollutant Strategies and Air Standards Development The major activities of
this program include: (T"5 regular review and revision, as appropriate, of all
existing National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs); (2) identification and
assessment of potential hazardous air pollutants, including the determination as
to the appropriateness of a listing under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act; and
(3) analytic support to Agency efforts to set emission standards for pollutants
Agency
lll(d)
regulated under Sections lll(d) and 112 of the Act.
State Program Guidelines and Regulations Development This program includes:
(1) development of guidelines and regulations that set forth requirements for air
pollution control programs implemented by the States under the Clean Air Act; (2)
development of technical guidance for air quality modeling, emission inventory
development, and air quality standard attainment demonstrations; and (3) overview
of the development and implementation of State and local air pollution control
programs. The State and local programs provide-for the attainment and maintenance
of NAAQSs, prevention of significant deterioration of air quality in clean areas,
and the protection of visibility in national parks and wilderness areas. The
overview carried out under this program helps ensure consistency among EPA Regional
Offices, States, and local agencies in carrying out the requirements of the Clean
Air Act.
A-57
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EMISSION STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $13,006,100 supported by 98.6 total workyears
for this program. Of this request, $4,395,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $8,610,300 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This is an increase of $214,900 for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion, but no increase for total workyears. There is a decrease of $582,900 for
the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The increase reflects in-
creased personnel and support costs and the decrease reflects the completion of
technical studies done on an expedited basis to support standards required by
court order.
Efforts will continue in 1985 towards meeting the requirements of the Clean
Ai r Act for establishing NSPSs. In 1985 seven NSPS proposals (five new standards;
two revisions) and 20 promulgations (15 new standards; five revisions) are planned.
The promulgations cover 13 source categories on EPA's list of high priority cate-
gories. Reviews will be completed for five more existing NSPSs in 1985. In addi-
tion, two NESHAPs proposals and three NESHAPs promulgations are scheduled for
1985. The proposals include revisions to NESHAPs for vinyl chloride sources and
asbestos demolition and renovation. The promulgations will cover coke oven emis-
sions from wet coal charging, arsenic from glass manufacturing, and arsenic from
low arsenic copper smelters.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $13,374,100 and 98.6 total work-
years to this program. Of the total, $4,180,900 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $9,193,200 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
In 1984 efforts are continuing to complete NSPSs for all source categories
required by the Clean Air Act. Proposals for 15 NSPSs (12 new standards; three
revisions) and promulgations of 12 NSPSs (nine new standards; three revisions) are
scheduled for 1984 covering nine additional priority list source categories. Six
reviews of existing standards will be completed. In addition, Control Technique
Guidelines for five sources of volatile organic compounds are being completed.
An evaluation of auto surface coating controls is also being initiated. An assess-
ment of waterborne surface coatings is being conducted for the wood furniture
industry. The Control Technology Document for stationary sources of lead is being
revised.
Two NESHAPs, one for coke oven emissions from wet charging and one for
benzene from coke oven by-product recovery plants, are scheduled for proposal.
Three NESHAPs, one for benzene fugitive leaks, one for high arsenic copper
smelters, and one for asbestos work practices, are scheduled for promulgation.
The review of the NESHAPs for mercury is also scheduled to be completed.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$68,100 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$68,100) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$68,100 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
A-58
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $13,880,600 and 97.0 total workyears for this
program. Of the amount obligated, $4,180,100 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $9,700,500 was for contract work under the Abatement, Control,
and Compliance appropriation. The contract resources were used to continue work
related to setting NSPSs and NESHAPs.
In 1983, work continued on setting NSPSs for all source categories on EPA's
priority list. NSPSs activity included: proposal of nine new standards and two
revisions; promulgation of six new standards, covering six additional priority
list source categories, and six other standards, including four revisions. Reviews
of two existing NSPSs were completed. The Control Technique Guideline for petroleum
solvent dry cleaning was published and the Control Technology Document for nitrogen
oxides was completed.
Work continued toward promulgation of four NESHAPs for benzene sources and
proposal of a fifth. Work also continued on proposal of a NESHAPs for coke oven
wet charging and topside leaks. Three arsenic NESHAPs and the asbestos work prac-
tices revision were proposed.
POLLUTANT STRATEGIES AND AIR STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,524,700 supported by 81.4 total workyears
for this program. Of this request, $3,532,700 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,992,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. The request includes increases of $951,900 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $399,000 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,
an increase of 18 total workyears. The increase in total workyears and extramural
support will be used primarily to initiate development of a comprehensive national
air toxics program and accelerate the assessment and decision-making on potentially
toxic ai r pollutants.
In 1985, revisions to the NAAQSs for particulate matter and sulfur dioxide
will be promulgated. Risk assessment will be applied and regulatory impact analyses
will be developed as part of the review of the NAAQSs for ozone and lead. Regula-
tory decisions will be published for 17 potential hazardous pollutants evaluated
in 1984. Also in 1985, health, exposure, and source assessments will begin for
three to five additional potential hazardous pollutants. In addition, operation
of the air toxics clearinghouse to assist State and local agencies will be continued.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,173,800 and 63.4 total work-
years to this program. Of this amount, $2,580,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,593,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
Revisions to the NAAQSs for particulate matter, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur
dioxide will be proposed in 1984. The final promulgations of revised NAAQSs for
carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide are also expected. Reviews of the NAAQSs for
lead and ozone are in process. Application of a risk assessment methodology is
planned in 1984 as part of the review of the NAAQSs for lead.
A-59
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Pollutant assessment activities are to result in the development of strategy
recommendations for several pollutants. Decisions on whether to regulate five
substances are also expected in 1984: coke oven emissions, acrylonitrile, manganese,
carbon tetrachloride, and polycyclic organic matter. Decisions on whether to
regulate various benzene source categories are also being issued in 1984. Work
will be underway on an additional 12 pollutants in 1984. Other activities include
the design of an air toxics clearinghouse to assist State and local agencies and
initiate operation of the clearinghouse.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$98,700 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$98,700) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$98,700 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $3,932,700 and 63.6 total workyears for this
program. Of the amount obligated, $2,804,700 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,128,000 was for contract work under the Abatement, Control,
. and Compliance appropriation. The contract funds provided support for evaluation
of NAAQSs; analysis of the environmental, economic, and regulatory impacts of
possible revisions to the NAAQSs; and development of an improved risk assessment
methodology.
The NAAQSs for hydrocarbons were revoked in 1983. In addition, work was
underway to promulgate revisions to the NAAQSs for carbon monoxide and to propose
appropriate changes to the NAAQSs for nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate
matter, and ozone. In the pollutant assessment area, detailed health and source
assessments were underway for 22 pollutants. Regulatory recommendations were
developed for polycyclic organic matter and acrylonitrile. Work on the regulatory
decision for toluene was completed in 1983. The decision was expected to be pub-
lished in early 1984. However, recent studies indicate toluene may be carcinogenic
and further assessment will be required. A proposal and negative determinations
for arsenic sources were published.
STATE PROGRAM GUIDELINES AND REGULATIONS DEVELOPMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,859,900 supported by 76.9 total workyears
for this program. Of this request, $3,285,400 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,574,500 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. The amounts represent increases of $493,800 and $339,500, respectively,
an increase of eight total workyears. The increases in workyears and intramural
resources will provide technical assistance, guidance and additional analyses for
visibility, particulates, lead, and sulfur dioxide issues.
In 1985, the Agency will maintain a management and overview role for the
review and approval of State Implementation Plans (SIPs). Program policy and
guidance will be provided for SIP development and approval. During 1985, States
should complete SIPs for most of the 200 areas where the NAAQSs for particulate
matter, sulfur dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide were not met
by December 1982. Policy and guidance will be developed to resolve any issues
associated with these SIPs. Regulations will be promulgated and guidance provided
to help States implement revised NAAQSs for particulate matter and sulfur dioxide.
Guidance will be developed to implement revised NAAQSs for lead. Regulations will
be promulgated for protection of visibility and use of intermittent control systems.
Procedures will be implemented for oversight of State programs. A report summariz-
ing the 1984 results of the National Air Audit will be completed.
A-60
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Emission factors for toxic chemicals and other related information will be
developed and issued in 1985. Technical assistance and guidance on data bases
and modeling techniques for areas not attaining the NAAQSs in 1982 will be pro-
vided. A revised version of EPA's Air Quality Modeling Guideline will be issued.
Also, guidance will be provided to Regional Offices and the modeling clearinghouse
will be continued to promote and ensure Regional consistency in the use of
models.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,026,600 and 68.9 total work-
years to this program. Of the total, $2,791,600 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,235,000 is for contract work under the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. Contract funds are being used to support development of
emission factors, evaluation of air quality models, and refinement of guidance for
implementing the revised NAAQSs for particulate matter and sulfur dioxide.
In 1984, national management and oversight of major SIP programs is continuing
to ensure that deficient SIPs are corrected and that backlogs of SIP revisions do
not recur. Emphasis is being placed on completing SIPs for areas that did not
meet the December 1982 attainment deadline for existing NAAQSs. A major policy
for post-1982 nonattainment areas was published in early 1984 outlining steps that
must be taken to meet NAAQSs and establishing schedules for action. Guidance is
also being provided for SIP revisions for implementing revised NAAQSs, including
technical guidance for revision of SIPs for the particulate matter NAAQSs. Develop-
ment of lead SIPs is being coordinated to meet the requirements of a settlement
agreement resulting from litigation. Visibility regulations for 35 States and
intermittment control system regulations are being proposed. New source review
program guidance is being provided. Efforts to develop alternative approaches to
regulations are continuing. The multi-year program for evaluation and validation
of air quality models and development of emission factors for SIP revisions is
being continued. The National Air Audit System is being implemented for four
program areas: air quality planning, new source review, compliance assurance, and
air monitoring.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $4,084,100 and 76.0 total workyears for this
program. Of the amount obligated, $3,124,400 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $959,700 was for contract work under the Abatement, Control,
and Compliance appropriation. The contract efforts supported general SIP develop-
ment and air quality modeling.
The emphasis in 1983 continued to be national management and evaluation of all
major SIP programs. Policy guidance and program assistance were continued for the
areas that had been granted attainment date extensions to 1987 for the NAAQSs for
ozone and carbon monoxide. A major policy was proposed for areas where the 1982
deadline for meeting NAAQSs was not met. 'A settlement agreement, outlining a
program for completing lead SIPs, was agreed upon by EPA, the Natural Resources
Defense Council, and other plaintiffs.
Management of the new source review and prevention of significant deteriora-
tion programs continued with efforts to encourage additional States to take over
all permitting programs. Assistance was furnished to States and Regional offices
in regulation development. Policy guidance, modeling, and monitoring support for
control strategy development was also provided. The model evaluation program was
continued and a draft of revisions to the Air Quality Modeling Guideline was pre-
pared. Emission factors for criteria pollutants and potentially toxic substances
were (level oped.
A-61
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AIR
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control A Fuel Economy
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
0»
ro
Emission Standards,
Technical Assessment &
Characterization
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Testing, Technical &
Administrative Support
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Emissions & Fuel
Economy Compliance
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Mobile Source Air
Pollution Control &
Fuel Economy
$3,759.9 $3,188.3
$2,079.6 $2,563.3
$3,268.8 $3,268.8
$2,563.3 $2,563.3
TOTAL $5,839.5 $5,751.6 $5,832.1 $5,832.1
$4,232.1 $4,262.1
$943.3 $900.0
$4,824.3 $4,824.3
$900.0 $900.0
TOTAL $5,175.4 $5,162.1 $5,724.3 $5,724.3
$1,366.0 $1,332.7
$35.0
$1,332.7 $1,332.7
$35.0 $35.0
TOTAL $1,366.0 $1,367.7 $1,367.7 $1,367.7
$9,358.0 $8,783.1
$3,022.9 $3,498.3
$9,425.8 $9,425.8
$3,498.3 $3,498.3
TOTAL $12,380.9 $12,281.4 $12,924.1 $12,924.1
$3,429.9 $161.1
$2,563.3
$5,993.2 $161.1
$5,154.6 $330.3
$900.0
$6,054.6 $330.3
$71.1
$1,438.8 $71.1
$1,403.8
$35.0
$9,988.3 $562.5
$3,498.3
$13,486.6 $562.5
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01
CJ
AIR
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control & Fuel Economy
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Emission Standards,
Technical Assessment &
Characterization
Testing, Technical &
Administrative Support
Emissions & Fuel
Economy Compl iance
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Emission Standards,
Technical Assessment &
Characterization
Testing, Technical &
Administrative Support
Emissions & Fuel
Economy Compliance
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS
67.8 60.7
50.4 50.1
30.3 25.9
148.5 136.7
88.4 71.9
78.0 75.1
35.0 33.3
201.4 180.3
IN THOUSANDS)
60.7 60.7
65.6 65.6
25.9 25.9
152.2 152.2
71.9 71.9
92.1 92.1
33.3 33.3
197.3 197.3
63.9 3.2
84.0 18.4
32.0 6.1
179.9 27.7
71.9
93.6 1.5
33.3
198.8 1.5
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AIR
Mobile Source Air Pollution Control and Fuel Economy
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $13,486,600 supported by 198.8 total workyears
for this suhactivity, of which $9,988,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,498,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, an increase of $562,500 and 1.5 total workyears.
Program Description
This subactivity includes the following mobile source programs:
Emission Standards. Technical Assessment and Characterization This program
provides the standards development and analysis required for the control of mobile
source emissions, as specified by the Clean Air Act. Work is also carried out to
improve fuel economy testing procedures and evaluate fuel economy retrofit devices,
as required by the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act. This program
is responsible for developing both light-duty vehicle and heavy-duty engine emis-
sion standards. Other major program activities include: characterization of hazar-
dous emissions, assessment of emissions control technology, technical assistance
to the States for implementation of local control programs, assessment of actual
emissions levels from in-use vehicles, and analysis of the current and prospective
impacts of motor vehicle emissions on air quality.
Testing. Technical, and Administrative Support -- This program provides basic
testing, technical, and administrative support to the mobile source operating
programs of EPA.
Emissions and Fuel Economy Compliance -- This program implements the emissions
certification and compliance requirements of the Clean Air Act and the fuel economy
information and compliance requirements of the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost
Savings Act. As part of this program, fuel economy information is made available
to the consumer through the mile per gallon values published in the Gas Mileage
Guide and on new vehicle labels.
EMISSIONS STANDARDS. TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT. AND CHARACTERIZATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $5,993,200 supported by 71.9 total workyears for this
program, of which $3,429,900 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$2,563,300 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This request
represents a $161,100 increase for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation due to
increased personnel costs. There is no change in total workyears.
In 1985, standards setting activity will focus primarily upon heavy-duty
engines. The final rulemaking for the heavy-duty particulate standards and the
heavy-duty engine/light-duty truck nitrogen oxides standards will be promulgated.
Assessment of emissions control technology will continue.
Acquisition of emissions data from in-use vehicles using new control tech-
nology remains an important activity. Analysis of these data will allow EPA to
determine the impacts of mobile source control programs on air quality. Technical
support to States will also continue to be an important priority. Many States are
expected to be implementing local control programs, as mandated by the Clean Air
Act. All of their programs will be dealing with new technology vehicles. A report
on the implication of new technology vehicles for local control programs will be
prepared.
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The characterization of emissions resulting from the use of alternative motor
vehicle fuels will continue. The implications of new vehicle technologies and the
numerous emissions problems that may result will also be addressed. An assessment
of the driving cycle for light-duty vehicles is anticipated to result in recommenda-
tions for test procedure changes. Fuel economy work will focus on the differences
between in-use fuel economy and the EPA fuel economy values, in addition to further
enhancements to EPA's fuel economy information program. The testing and evaluation
of fuel economy retrofit devices will continue.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,832,100 and a total of 71.9
workyears to this program. Of the total, $3,268,800 is for the Salaries and Ex-
penses appropriation and $2,563,300 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1984, work will concentrate on the proposal of standards for heavy-duty
engine particulate emissions and heavy-duty engine and light-duty truck nitrogen
oxides emissions. Adjustment factors, accounting for changes in EPA's fuel economy
testing procedures, are under development. The program continues to provide
technical assistance and review of State plans, particularly as they relate to
local motor vehicle emission control programs. Additional work will focus on
testing in-use vehicles, including the evaluation of new technology vehicles.
Characterization of emissions from vehicles powered by alternative fuels continues,
as well as testing and evaluation of eight fuel economy retrofit devices.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $5,839,500 and used a total of 88.4
workyears. Of the amount obligated, $3,759,900 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,079,600 was for extramural purposes under the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation.
Standards development work focused on diesel particulates, heavy-duty engine
emissions, and the emissions from vehicles operated at high altitudes. Efforts
related to heavy-duty engine emissions included promulgation of standards for
evaporative hydrocarbon emissions and standards for exhaust hydrocarbon and carbon
monoxide emissions. Light-duty diesel particulate standards, originally set for
model year 1985, were postponed to provide time for the industry to develop adequate
control systems. Support was furnished to States developing implementation plans.
The testing and evaluation of 20 fuel economy retrofit devices were performed.
TESTING. TECHNICAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,054,600 supported by 93.6 total workyears for
this program of which $5,154,600 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$900,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The request
represents an increase of $330,300 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
1.5 total workyears from 1984 to 1985. The increase reflects emphasis on in-house
testing in support of in-use vehicle emissions determinations. This testing allows
EPA to improve and update data bases with information on those vehicle technologies
that will dominate the fleet during calendar year 1985 and later periods.
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This program provides testing, technical, and administrative support to the
operating programs of the Office of Mobile Sources at the EPA Motor Vehicle Emis-
sions Laboratory. Activities supported include recall, tampering and fuel switch-
ing, standard setting, emissions characterization, technology assessment, fuel
economy, in-use vehicle emissions assessment, certification, and State and local
vehicle emission control. The support provided includes: automated data process-
ing (ADP) timesharing services, laboratory data acquisition, and computer opera-
tions; testing of motor vehicles to measure emissions and fuel economy; quality
control and correlation services for EPA and industry testing programs; maintenance
and engineering design of emission testing equipment; and personnel, administration,
safety, and facilities support services.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,724,300 and a total of 92.1
workyears for this program. Of the total, $4,824,300 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $900,000 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation. Testing and technical support activities
have been increased to operate at a level where significant economies of scale can
be obtained. Similar testing activities have been consolidated.
Testing support to the certification and fuel economy labeling and compliance
programs continues, with 1,000 tests scheduled for these purposes. An additional
1,700 tests of in-use vehicles at the Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory support
the following programs: recall, surveillance, and tampering and fuel switching
programs; testing in-use vehicles for assessing emissions performance; and test-
ing of heavy-duty engines. Correlation programs maintain correspondence among
test facilities between manufacturers and EPA. Personnel, facility support ser-
vices, safety, ADP, and administrative management functions are provided for the
Laboratory.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $5,175,400 and a total of 78.0 work-
years. Of the total, $4,232,100 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $943,300 was for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
During 1983, the program focused on increasing the efficiency of testing at
the Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory. The resultant improvements resulted in a
sizeable increase in the number of tests from 1982, while maintaining the same
level of quality. A total of 2,154 tests were performed at the laboratory during
the year. Data from these tests were analyzed by other programs. The Laboratory
has developed substantial expertise in procuring and testing in-use vehicles.
EMISSIONS AND FUEL ECONOMY COMPLIANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,438,800 supported by a total of 33.3 work-
years for this program, of which $1,403,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $35,000 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents no change for either the total workyears or the Abatement, Control
and Compliance funds from 1984 to 1985 and a $71,100 increase for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation due to increased personnel costs.
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The emissions and fuel economy compliance program will continue to issue
between 300 and 400 certificates of compliance during the year. The fuel economy
information and compliance program will generate information for the Gas Mileage
Guide, calculate fuel economy labels, and calculate each manufacturer's Corporate
Average Fuel Economy (CAFE). Evaluation of road load and its implications for
certification and fuel economy programs will be pursued. Consideration of alterna-
tive compliance programs will continue. Analytical work related to such programs
will be completed during 1985. Alternatives for improving the effectiveness of
the certification program, aimed at reducing high mileage in-use noncompliance,
will be identified.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $1,367,700 and 33.3 total workyears for
this program, of which $1,332,700 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $35,000 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
The Agency is continuing to streamline the certification process by revising
requirements to reduce the burden on industry without sacrificing emissions reduc-
tions. Programs to assess the performance of high mileage in-use vehicles in
order to gather data on in-use emissions and emission control system deteriora-
tion are underway. The fuel economy program continues to generate 1,600 to 1,700
fuel economy labels a year, data for the Gas Mi 1 eage Guide, and 40 CAFE calcula-
tions. Increased effort is being devoted to revising the fuel economy program to
more closely approximate in-use results, improving the labeling data base, and
reducing the manufacturers' reporting costs.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $1,366,000 and used 35.0 total workyears for
this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Certificates were issued for 302 light-duty engine families. The fuel economy
program produced 1,700 labels and performed 40 CAFE calculations. The final rule-
making for changes to improve the certification process was promulgated.
A-67
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AIR
State Programs Resource Assistance
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Control Agency Resource
Supplementation
(Section 105 Grants)
Abatement Control and $84,968.0 $69,954.7 $87,734.7 $87,734.7 $87,734.7
Compliance
TOTAL $84,968.0 $69,954.7 $87,734.7 $87,734.7 $87,734.7
j, Training
i> Salaries & Expenses $220.5 $254.7 $254.7 $254.7 $248.7 -$6.0
00 Abatement Control and $934.5 $476.9 $851.9 $851.9 -$851.9
Compliance
TOTAL $1,155.0 $731.6 $1,106.6 $1,106.6 $248.7 -$857.9
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $220.5 $254.7 $254.7 $254.7 $248.7 -$6.0
Abatement Control and $85,902.5 $70,431.6 $88,586.6 $88,586.6 $87,734.7 -$851.9
Compliance
State Programs TOTAL $86,123.0 $70,686.3 $88,841.3 $88,841.3 $87,983.4 -$857.9
Resource Assistance
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Training 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
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AIR
State Programs Resource Assistance
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT
1983 ESTIMATE 1984
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Training
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
3.8 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
s>
I
10
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AIR
State Programs Resource Assistance
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $87,983,400 supported by 4.0 total workyears
for 1985. Included in this total are $248,700 for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $87,734,700 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The request is a decrease of $6,000 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and a decrease of $851,900 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
There is no change in the number of total workyears requested.
Program Description
This subactivity provides financial support to State and local air pollution
control agencies, including Indian lands, for the prevention, abatement, and con-
trol of air pollution. The primary objective of this subactivity is to support
the development and Implementation of effective State and local programs for the
attainment and maintenance of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs),
in accordance with provisions of the Clean Air Act.
Direct grants assistance to control agencies that have major roles for devel-
oping and carrying out these programs constitutes the major form of EPA resource
assistance. 'Direct grants assistance is supplemented by the training of State and
local air pollution control personnel and the provision of services of contractors
for specific tasks identified by the States and localities. Grants support State
and local control agencies in carrying out their roles under the Clean Air Act.
This includes: development of State Implementation Plans (SIPs) for the attainment
and maintenance of the NAAQSs; enforcement of source emission regulations and
requirements; review and permitting of new sources; monitoring of ambient air
quality, and development of data bases necessary for regulatory decisions. In
addition, these funds promote the assumption and implementation of other Clean Air
Act responsibilities including those for the prevention of significant deteriora-
tion (PSD), and the implementation of New Source Performance Standards (NSPSs),
and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPs).
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 105 Grants) Under the
Clean Air Act, the control of air pollution at its source is primarily the respon-
sibility of State and local governments. States, in cooperation with local agen-
cies, are responsible under the Act for developing and implementing programs to
attain and maintain the NAAQSs. EPA grant assistance partially supports the costs
for the operation and continued efforts of State and local agency programs in
meeting these responsibilities.
Training ~ Traditionally, resource assistance is further supplemented by
the provision of training in specialized areas of air pollution control. New
courses are developed as needed, instruction manuals and materials are revised and
updated, and manuals and instructional materials are provided to university train-
ing centers. The EPA staff works with university centers to develop State and
local self-sufficiency in training by offering courses at area training centers.
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CONTROL AGENCY RESOURCE SUPPLEMENTATION (SECTION 105 GRANTS)
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $87,734,700 for grants in the Abatement, Con-
trol and Compliance appropriation, which is identical to the 1984 Congressional
appropriation.
In 1985, States will emphasize the development of those additional regulatory
steps or programs necessary for the attainment of NAAQSs, particularly in areas
missing the statutory 1982 attainment deadline or having extensions of the dead-
line to 1987. Additional States will assume responsibility for the PSD program.
States will also assume responsibility for newly promulgated NSPSs and NESHAPs.
SIP revisions involving visibility protection and stack heights will be required
to meet the requirements of court orders.
States will maintain the full operation and quality assurance of the National
Air Monitoring System (NAMS) and State and Local Air Monitoring System (SLAMS)
networks. A number of States will continue to develop new or expanded air toxics
programs. Several will establish air toxics monitoring facilities for the permanent
collection of selected ambient air data. These data will allow the assessment of
trends in key areas, consistent with the Agency's newly developed noncriteria
pollutant monitoring strategy.
States will continue to perform required inspections and provide associated
follow-up on all significant sources. States will maintain the compliance program
at the level required by established Agency policies, including efforts to imple-
ment newly assumed or expanded responsibilties for new sources and to secure com-
pliance of sources subject to newly enacted SIP requirements in nonattainment
areas.
Grant resources will support the development in a limited number of States of
new programs for reducing vehicle tampering and fuel switching. Grants will also
help States initiate the development of strategies to implement the revised NAAQSs
for size-specfic particulates within the most probable nonattainment areas.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $87,734,700 to this program, all
in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1984, States are initiating efforts for the correction of deficient SIPs in
the over 200 areas missing the statutory December 1982 attainment, deadline for
NAAQSs. States are also developing necessary regulations and programs in areas
having extensions to 1987 for meeting the carbon monoxide and ozone NAAQSs. States
without approved SIPs for lead are completing and submitting plans consistent with
the requirements of the litigation settlement agreement.
Additional States are implementing newly assumed responsibilities for regula-
tion of new sources, and performing the initial compliance determinations for the
additional existing sources subject to newly enacted SIP requirements for nonattain-,
ment areas. States are continuing inspections for all significant sources, consis-
tent with Agency policy. States are continuing the operation and quality assurance
of the NAMS and SLAMS networks. The development of size specific particulate data
bases required for regulatory decisions in the most probable nonattainment areas
is being initiated. Other major efforts include the acceptance of PSD review
responsibilities by most remaining States and the assumption of implementation
responsibilities for newly promulgated NSPSs and NESHAPs.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $84,968,000 for this program, all in the Abate-
ment, Control, and Compliance appropriation. Air management efforts included:
development and submission of the attainment SIPs for the 1987 extension areas;
continued development of the overdue SIPs for lead; continued development of mobile
and stationary source regulatory measures required in the 1987 extension areas;
and implementation of previously transferred responsibilities for the regulation
of new sources. Enforcement efforts focused on continued efforts to verify and
maintain compliance (principally through inspections and appropriate enforce-
ment actions) of all major actions, review and permitting of new sources, as well
as enforcement of delegated responsibility for NSPSs and NESHAPs. Monitoring
programs provided for the maintenance of current ambient monitoring activities,
including the NAMS network, and for the completion of the SLAMS network. A number
of States, on their own initiative, undertook efforts to assess potential air
toxic problems within their jurisdictions and to develop ongoing air toxic pro-
grams.
TRAINING
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $248,700, all for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation supported by 4.0 total workyears for this program. This request
is a decrease of $6,000 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and a decrease
of $851,900 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The decrease
reflects the Agency's decision that States are capable of providing sufficient
training in the basic aspects of air pollution control.
The program will manage self-study training courses; provide support to
universities, and to State and local agencies in planning courses and workshops;
update existing courses through use of in-house skills; and develop guidebooks to
accompany technical and legal control documents to be used by State and local
agency personnel.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $1,106,600 and 4.0 total workyears for this
program. Of the allocation, $254,700 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $851,900 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Thirty training courses are being conducted in the six area training centers.
Also, six new and revised classroom, self-instructional, and correspondence courses
are being prepared. In addition, competitive procurement mechanisms to support
State and local agency training activities are being investigated.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $1,155,000 and 3.8 total workyears for this
program. Of the amount obligated, $220,500 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $934,500 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. A total of 28 training courses were conducted covering 12 subject areas for
659 students at seven area training centers. Graduate traineeships or fellowships
were provided for 26 control agency employees. In addition, 10 new and revised
classroom, self-instructional, and correspondence courses were prepared.
A-72
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AIR
Air Quality Management Implementation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Air Quality Management
Implementation
Salaries * Expenses $9,821.3 $10,116.9 $10,981.7 $10,972.6 $11,478.8 $506.2
Abatement Control and $77.0 $294.6 $294.6 $294.6 $294.6
Compliance
TOTAL $9,898.3 $10,411.5 $11,276.3 $11,267.2 $11,773.4 $506.2
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $9,821.3 $10,116.9 $10,981.7 $10,972.6 $11,478.8 $506.2
Abatement Control and $77.0 $294.6 $294.6 $294.6 $294.6
Compliance
Air Quality Management TOTAL $9,898.3 $10,411.5 $11,276.3 $11,267.2 $11,773.4 $506.2
Implementation
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Air Quality Management 235.9 246.5 260.1 260.1 273.3 13.2
Implementation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 235.9 246.5 260.1 260.1 273.3 13.2
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Air Quality Management 262.5 266.8 282.4 282.4 294.4 12.0
Implementation
TOTAL WORKYEARS 262.5 266.8 282.4 282.4 294.4 12.0
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AIR
Air Quality Management Implementation
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $11,773,400 supported by 294.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $11,478,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $294,600 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The request represents an increase of $506,200 and 12 total workyears.
Program Description
This subactivity provides resources for the operation and maintenance of an
air quality management program in each of the Agency's ten Regional Offices. The
Regional program, in partnership with State and local air pollution control agen-
cies, has a major responsibility for meeting the requirements of the Clean Air Act
and related EPA regulations. The air management program provides policy guid-
ance and technical consultation to States in the development and implementation
of the strategies and regulatory programs for the attainment and maintenance of
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs). The program also conducts the
necessary regulatory review and coordination for approval of strategies and regula-
tions in State Implementation Plans (SIPs) submitted to EPA. The Regional Offices
negotiate air quality program grants to State and local control agenci-es and pro-
vide oversight of the progress of these agencies in developing, implementing, and
enforcing regulatory programs.
Extensive efforts are frequently necessary to provide timely and effective
guidance to States. Under the Clean Air Act, the States have primary responsi-
bility for preparing attainment strategies and meeting the commitments for the
development and implementation of multiple regulatory programs essential to the
attainment of NAAQSs. These programs may have to be revised when NAAQSs are re-
vised as a result of the periodic reviews by EPA.
The 1977 Amendments to the Act also impose new requirements for reviewing
and permitting new sources to assure that they will not cause deterioration of air
quality in areas attaining the NAAQSs, or will not delay attainment in areas not
yet attaining the NAAQSs. Effective guidance and support to States assuming respon-
sibility for these review and permitting requirements involve extensive Regional
Office efforts.
AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $11,773,400 supported by 294.4 total workyears
for this program. Of this request, $11,478,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $294,600 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. The request is an increase of $506,200 for Salaries and Expenses and 12
total workyears. The request provides increased support to States for completing
regulatory programs to meet NAAQSs and for improving air toxics programs.
The resources needed for the review and approval of State regulatory plans
and actions will ultimately decline as States implement regulatory reforms, as
EPA continues to streamline its review and approval process, and as certain
regulatory planning tasks are completed. There will, however, still be a sig-
nificant number of plans and actions requiring review and approval in 1985,
especially for areas that missed the statutory 1982 deadline or that cannot
A-74
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adequately demonstrate attainment by 1987. The Agency policy for the correction
of deficient SIPs and the imposition of necessary sanctions in certain areas was
published on November 2, 1983. The policy povides for a case-by-case approach to
remedying the SIPs. Implementation of the policy will remain resource-intensive
during 1985.
Direct Agency review and permitting of new sources will be essentially elimi-
nated in 1985. The program for the prevention of significant deterioration
(PSD) will be delegated to the few remaining States that do not have responsibility
for the program. Responsibility for implementing newly promulgated New Source
Performance Standards (NSPSs) and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
Pollutants (NESHAPs) will also continue to be delegated. The fewer EPA review
actions will facilitate the provision of air management support activities con-
sidered critical to the Agency's goal of increased State self-sufficiency, includ-
ing the implementation of the recommendations of the Administrator's Task Force on
State Federal Roles. These recommendations called for increased and improved
program support to States. This includes guidance and support for the transfer of
key regulatory programs and responsibilities to the States, and for preparing
States to respond effectively to new emerging programs and air quality problems.
Significant resources will be provided to assist States in developing the
necessary regulatory programs for attainment of NAAQSs within areas missing the
1982 deadline. Particular attention will be given to the more populated urban
areas where regulatory programs may require highly complex stationary and mobile
source controls. Resources will be provided to help a sizeable number of States
and local air pollution control agencies develop programs to prevent vehicle tamper-
ing and fuel switching in areas not attaining NAAQSs for ozone, carbon monoxide,
or nitrogen dioxide. Also, resources will be provided to help States respond to
the anticipated revised NAAQSs for size-specific particulates.
Major resources will be provided for improving the air toxics programs at the
Regional Offices, reflecting the increasing concern and evolving regulation of air
toxics by the Agency and the States. In response to provisions of various settle-
ments of litigation against the Agency, SIP approval or promulgation of Federal
plans will be required where States fail to provide approvable SIPs for lead or
for the protection of visibility. Court ordered regulatory changes on stack heights
will be required. The recently developed National Air Audit System will be fully
operational during 1985, implementing Agency policies for effective oversight and
audit of State regulatory programs.
Additional activities supportive of this request will support other Regional
baseline air management functions, including attention to the continuing develop-
ment and implementation of tools for improving regulatory decisionmaking, as well
as the negotiation of air grants. Extramural dollars are provided to continue
support of interagency agreements with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin-
istration for the detail of meteorologists in four Regional Offices, providing
modeling expertise to the Regions and States.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $11,267,200 and 282.4 total workyears for
this program. Of the total, $10,972,600 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $294,600 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1984, the Regional air management program is completing necessary modifica-
tions to attainment status designations for specific areas and making the final
notifications to States for those areas failing to meet the December 1982 attainment
deadline. Some notifications may include proposed sanctions, consistent with the
Agency's recently published policy. The Regional program is also working with
a number of States to complete the development of lead SIPs. In addition, the
Regions are completing review and approval or disapproval actions for lead SIPs,
where submitted, and for a number of other major State regulatory actions or plans.
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n'ding extensive guidance and support to States missing the
198 >s developing additional regulatory programs in areas having
ext to States defining requirements and assessing the most prob-
abl s in anticipation of the promulgation of a size-specific
par 185. Rulemaking actions for State strategies and revisions
are >cessed in an efficient manner to prevent recurrence of any
maj program is also continuing to perform the necessary re-
vie g of PSD sources within the few remaining States which do
not sibility. Finally, the program is continuing to negotiate
air ating the National Air Audit System for review of State
air ;w source review, compliance assurance, and air monitoring.
198 ges from the Amendment
-$9,100 results from the following actions:
-$9,100) Several reprogrammings were made to this activ-
ity program specific "support" type expense dollars into the
Reg i element. These reprogrammings to Salaries and Expenses,
tot ncluded in a reprogramning letter to Congress on September
29,
198
obligated $9,898,300 and 262.5 total workyears for this
proi obligated, $9,821,300 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appi 0 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tioi ces under the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropria-
tior 1nue interagency agreements providing meteorologists for
foui s in support of air quality modeling efforts.
lagement efforts focused on completing the review and ap-
pro\ >d strategies for the attainment of NAAQSs for ozone and
cart lines extended through December 1987. These efforts in-
due idividual States whose strategies included schedules for
the fie regulatory programs. The Regional Offices provided,
upon j guidance and support to the States developing the addi-
tion atory programs approved as part of the SIP for the exten-
sion ory programs included additional controls for stationary
sour notor vehicle inspection and maintenance programs, where
requ >t yet operational.
/al and support efforts for a number of other major stra-
tegi Dgrams were provided. Included were: (1) the transfer to
addi sponsibilities for implementing PSD programs and newly
prom SHAPs; (2) performance of new source reviews for States
not ' for PSD; (3) regulatory reviews and rulemaking for pro-
pose nd (4) assistance to States in developing overdue SIPs
for State-submitted SIP revisions continued to be processed
effi J SIP backlog, air grants negotiations were conducted and
gran 'Sight of State and local agency performance in meeting
granj ntained.
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AIR
Trends Monitoring & Progress Assessment
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring
Salaries & Expenses $3 026.6 $3 318.2 $3.393.8 $3.291.1 $3,501.7 $210.6
Abatement Control and $157.4 $135.6 $110.4 $123.0 $114.2 -$8.8
Compliance
TOTAL $3,184.0 $3,453.8 $3,504.2 $3,414.1 $3,615.9 $201.8
Air Quality 8 Emissions
Data Analysis 8
Progress Assessment
Salaries & Expenses $1,600.5 $1,631.0 $1,631.0 $1,631.0 $1,816.0 $185.0
Abatement Control and $243.9 $203.9 $1,538.9 $1,538.9 $224.3 -$1,314.6
Compliance
Operations, Research $200.0
and Facilities
TOTAL $2,044.4 $1,834.9 $3,169.9 $3,169.9 $2,040.3 -$1,129.6
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses $4 627.1 $4 949.2 $5,024.8 $4,922.1 $5,317.7 $395.6
Abatement Control and $401.3 $339.5 $1,649.3 $1,661.9 $338.5 -$1,323.4
Compliance
Operations, Research $200.0
and Facilities
Trends Monitoring 8 TOTAL $5,228.4 $5,288.7 $6,674.1 $6,584.0 $5,656.2 -$927.8
Progress Assessment
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AIR
Trends Monitoring & Progress Assessment
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring
Air Quality A Emissions
Data Analysis &
Progress Assessment
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
80.3 82.1
30.1
85.7 85.7
30.2 30.2
30.2
110.4 112.3 115.9 115.9
85.5 -.2
35.0 4.8
120.5
4.6
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring
Air Quality & Emissions
Data Analysis &
Progress Assessment
84.4 87.8 92.5 92.5
33.5 34.0 34.0 34.0
92.5
35.9
1.9
TOTAL WORKYEARS
117.9 121.8 126.5 126.5
128.4
1.9
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AIR
Trends Monitoring and Progress Assessment
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,656,200 supported by 128.4 total workyears
for 1985. Included in this total is $5,317,700 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $338,500 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,
a decrease of $927,800 and an increase of 1.9 total workyears. The decrease re-
flects a reduction of $1,323,400 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation offset by an increase of $395,600 for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion.
Program Description
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Activity in this program includes: (1) EPA's
management overview of State ambient air quality monitoring networks, associated
laboratory and field quality assurance activities, and implementation of air moni-
toring strategies described in EPA air monitoring regulations; (2) the coordina-
tion of Regional and State field investigation activities for collecting ambient
air quality samples for subsequent sample analysis and related quality control;
(3) the review of source emissions data; and (4) the necessary management and
coordination to ensure timely storage and validation of the data collected.
Air Quality and Emissions Data Analysis and Progress Assessment Major
activities include: national coordination of Regional office, State, and local
ambient monitoring programs; issuance of new and revised regulatory requirements
and related technical guidance; active oversight and auditing of the National Air
Monitoring System (NAMS) network to ensure continuing conformance with all regula-
tory criteria; operation of computer systems for storing, retrieving, and analyzing
ambient air quality and emission data; development and implementation of systems
to meet user requirements; and preparation of trends analyses and related air
quality and emission progress assessments for policy evaluation and development
and for public information needs.
AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,615,900 supported by 92.5 total workyears
for this program. Of this request, $3,501,700 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $114,200 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. This request is an increase of $210,600 for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and a decrease of $8,800 for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appro-
priation. The increase reflects increased personnel and support costs.
The Regional offices will continue overview and management of State air moni-
toring programs, including Section 105 grants review. They will also continue the
coordination of air data bases involving emissions data, criteria pollutant air
quality data, and related precision and accuracy information necessary for quantify-
ing data quality. A limited number of monitoring networks and data supporting
highly controversial or technically difficult permits for the prevention of
significant deterioration will be reviewed.
The data bases from the NAMS and State and Local Air Monitoring System (SLAMS)
Networks will be validated for completeness and accuracy. Most of the SLAMS net-
works will be evaluated, as required by 40 CFR 58. Approximately 130 new or re-
vised NAMS sites will be visited, evaluated, and documented. Data analyses, includ-
ing air quality trends information, will be developed as input to various Regional
environmental management and indicator efforts. In the area of quality assurance,
significant resources will be used for on-site systems and performance audits of
State networks and monitors. In addition, the Regional labs will participate in
the national air audit program. The start-up of State networks for measurement of
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size-specific participates will require review of the NAMS and SLAMS networks,
including site visits to verify compliance with 40 CFR 58 monitoring regulations.
Also, resources will be used to increase the level of Regional oversight and audits
of State programs through evaluations of additional SLAMS monitors. The Regional
offices will expedite the reporting of data from around 200 critical SLAMS stations.
Regional offices will be involved in the implementation of the air toxics
monitoring strategy. This involvement will include coordinating with State and
local agencies and the EPA Office of Research and Development to set up 15 air
toxics monitoring trend stations throughout the Nation, assisting in site selection
for monitoring stations, and ensuring samples are collected and sent to a central
laboratory for analysis. Regional offices will also coordinate or manage special
air toxics studies with a high priority in their Regions.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,414,100 and 92.5 total work-
years for this program. Of the allocation, $3,291,100 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $123,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
In 1984, the Regions are continuing the baseline program of overview and
management of State air quality monitoring programs, including Section 105 grants
review. The validation, management, and coordination of State and local air quality
and emission data before the data are submitted to central EPA data banks is also
continuing. In 1984 special emphasis is being placed on reviewing the data bases
upon which attainment status determinations will he made for the revised size-
specific particulate matter NAAQSs. The Regions and States are beginning their
analysis of the total monitoring network needed to support development of SIPs for
size-specific particulates and subsequent tracking of progress and trends in meet-
ing the revised NAAQSs. The data needed for various environmental management
efforts are being compiled and displayed for use in determining existing condi-
tions, trends, and progress toward environmental objectives. Quality assurance
activities and auditing of State programs are continuing.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$90,100 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$90,100) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$12,600 to the Abatement, Control and Compliance'
appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made which moves all non-program specific
"support" type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element
(-$102,700). This reprogramming to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$102,700,
was included in a reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $3,184,000 and 84.4 total workyears for this
program. Of the amount obligated, $3,026,600 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $157,400 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. Contract funds from the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation
were used for Regional data analyses and preparation of the Regional Environmental
Management Reports.
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The five-year program for implementing the national air monitoring strategy
was completed in 1983. The SLAMS networks (including lead networks) were completely
installed and operating during 1983. The Regional offices continued to work with
States, through the annual review process, in identifying and eliminating air
monitoring sites which have only marginal utility or are the least useful in sup-
porting program decisions. The Regions continued their programs of site visits to
review and audit NAMS stations, as well as a small percentage of SLAMS stations.
Laboratories were evaluated for proper operating and quality assurance procedures.
The validation, management, and coordination of State and local air quality and
emission data bases before submission to EPA central data banks also continued.
AIR QUALITY AND EMISSIONS DATA ANALYSIS AND PROGRESS ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,040,300 supported by 35.9 total workyears
for this program. Of the request, $1,816,000 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $224,300 is for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropri-
ation. The request is an increase of $185,000 for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation. Total workyears increase by 1.9. There is a decrease of $1,314,600
for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. Increased workyears will
provide additional statistical analyses for toxics data bases. The decrease re-
flects the completion in 1984 of the one-time purchase of size-specific particu-
late monitoring equipment for use by States in anticipation of the promulgation
of size specific particulate matter NAAQSs in 1985.
Existing air data systems will be maintained and guidance provided to users.
Monitoring regulations, computer software, and data files will be modified to
accommodate changes to NAAQSs. The program also will produce ambient and emission
trends analyses and progress assessments, provide national oversight of Regional
Office and State, and local air monitoring programs, and manage the NAMS network.
The NAMS management will include maintaining a site information base, reviewing
and validating data, and issuing status reports on regulatory compliance. Stat-
istical analyses will be provided to support new or revised NAAQSs.
In the area of air toxics, the program will implement the national toxic
monitoring strategy. Implementation includes national assessment of progress in
strategy implementation, preparation of an annual status report on toxic pollutant
trends, analyses of ambient toxics data, and development of audit procedures for
toxic monitoring. Consultation on various environmental management efforts and
use of environmental indicators will be provided. In addition, the program will
develop and publish air quality statistics, maintain the State Implementation Plan
(SIP) Design Value Tracking System, and develop and publish an estimation meth-
odology for determining the costs of air toxics monitoring. The program will
conduct on-site audits at NAMS stations measuring size-specific particulates and
update NAMS operational guidance. The program will also coordinate Agency-wide
emission data base efforts, including support to the Office and Research and Develop-
ment and the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response on data base management.
This program will develop software and convert data for the air quality and facili-
ties segments of the new air data system and develop user materials and initiate
training.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,169,900 and 34.0 total work-
years for this program. Of the allocation, $1,631,000 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,538,900 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
A-81
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All major program activities are continuing. These activities include: opera-
tion of existing air data systems and provision of training and guidance to system
users; production of the annual trends report and other statistical analyses;
national oversight of State and local monitoring programs; and evaluations of
NAMS stations, including on-site audits. Support is also being provided to other
Agency offices for data base management. Also, the program is evaluating the
compliance of SLAMS networks with regulations and issuing status reports. Revised
monitoring regulations and siting guidelines for the revised NAAQSs for participate
matter are being proposed. Revisions to the monitoring regulations and guidance
for sulfur dioxide will be developed, if required.
The program is also responsible for the procurement of ambient monitoring
equipment necessary to collect initial data for the implementation of a revised
ambient standard for particulate matter. In addition, system design, programming,
and data base conversion for the new air data base is continuing. The program
to implement the strategy for air toxics monitoring is continuing. These efforts
include preparing guidance on network design and operation; assessing progress
in toxics monitoring by Federal, State, and local agencies; and developing a
long-term plan for the implementation of the toxic monitoring strategy.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $2,044,400 and 33.5 total workyears for this
program. Of the amount obligated, $1,600,500 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, $243,900 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro^
priation and $200,000 was for the Operations, Research and Facilities appropria-
tion. Contract funds supported trends reports and analyses, regulation review and
revision, guidance development, NAMS management, National Emissions Data Systems
(NEDS) improvement and progress toward the development of a new data system.
In 1983 emphasis continued on operating and updating existing air data systems,
and on providing training and guidance to system users. This program provided
support to 35 State and local agencies using EPA developed data systems. Other
major activities included preparation of special air quality and emission analyses,
statistics, and reports; national oversight of State and local monitoring programs,
evaluation of NAMS, including on-site audits; and work toward revising monitoring
regulations to reflect revisions to the NAAQSs for particulate matter. In addition,
a national strategy for air toxics monitoring was developed. Work was initiated
on a long-term plan for toxics monitoring and on guidance for siting and statistical
design. Development of the new air data system continued, with substantial progress
toward conversion of software for the air quality segment.
A-82
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Enforcement
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
AIR
ENFORCEMENT
Stationary Source Enforcement A-85
Mobile Source Enforcement A-89
A-83
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AIR
Stationary Source Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Stationary Source
Enforcement
Salaries * Expenses $9,543.8 $10,356.7 $10,689.7 $10,477.8 $11,666.0 $1,188.2
Abatement Control and $4,990.1 $4,808.7 $4,808.7 $4,808.7 $3,038.0 -$1,770.7
Compliance
TOTAL $14,533.9 $15,165.4 $15,498.4 $15,286.5 $14,704.0 -$582.5
TOTAL:
(So Salaries & Expenses $9,543.8 $10,356.7 $10,689.7 $10,477.8 $11,666.0 $1,188.2
* Abatement Control and $4,990.1 $4,808.7 $4,808.7 $4,808.7 $3,038.0 -$1,770.7
Compliance
Stationary Source TOTAL $14,533.9 $15,165.4 $15,498.4 $15,286.5 $14,704.0 -$582.5
Enforcement
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Stationary Source 246.5 271.9 291.8 291.8 295.6 3.8
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 246.5 271.9 291.8 291.8 295.6 3.8
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Stationary Source 263.0 287.6 309.5 309.5 309.5
Enforcement
TOTAL WORKYEARS 263.0 287.6 309.5 309.5 309.5
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AIR
Stationary Source Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,704,000 supported by 309.5 total workyears
in 1985, of which $11,666,000 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$3,038,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. There
is no change in the number of total workyears. The request is an increase of
$1,188,200 for Salaries and Expenses and a decrease of $1,770,700 for Abatement,
Control and Compliance.
Program Description
The stationary source enforcement program provides support to and coordination
with State and local air pollution control agencies and direct Federal enforcement
as required to ensure that stationary sources achieve and maintain compliance with
the requirements of the Clean Air Act, as amended in 1977. The Headquarter's com-
ponent provides national policy and guidance, while the regional program implements
the enforcement effort and assists the States.
Stationary Source Enforcement -- This program focuses primarily on enforcement
of the requirements established in State Implementation Plans (SIPs) for meeting
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQSs). The enforcement program also
focuses on new source programs such as New Source Performance Standards (NSPSs)
and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS).
As a result of industry efforts in controlling emissions and the effectiveness
of State, local, and Federal control programs, approximately 90 percent of the more
than 18,000 major stationary sources have achieved compliance with all applicable
emission limitations. An additional 2.4 percent are meeting acceptable compliance
schedules. Although the current rate of compliance represents a significant
achievement, efforts must continue to ensure that remaining sources come into
compliance with present standards, or any new or revised standards, and that com-
pliance, once achieved, is maintained. EPA will continue to provide State and
local agencies with technical support in their efforts to realize these goals and,
where appropriate, to initiate their own enforcement actions.
STATIONARY SOURCE ENFORCEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,704,000 supported by 309.5 total workyears
for this program. Of the request, $11,666,000 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,038,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. The increase of $1,188,200 for the Salaries and Expenses is due to
increased personnel costs. The decrease of $1,770,700 in extramural funds reflects
a greater reliance on the use of EPA Headquarter's personnel rather than contractors
in the presentation of technical workshops to States and a similar shift to the
use of EPA Regional personnel rather than contractors for conducting source inspec-
tions. This shift in contractor inspections is due, in part, to court rulings
limiting the use of contractors for inspection purposes. The higher personnel
levels initiated in 1984 are maintained in 1985. Extramural funds will be used
primarily for enforcement case support; compliance monitoring and field surveil-
lance; Regional Office data management support; and technical workshops and manuals
to enhance the capabilities of State and local programs.
In 1985, the stationary source compliance program will carry forward the
basic thrust of the 1984 budget. The program, working in close cooperation with
State and local agencies, will continue to ensure that noncomplying significant
sources in areas not meeting NAAQSs are brought into compliance, consistent with
A-85
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the Clean Air Act. A major focus in 1985 will be sources of volatile organic
compound (VOC) emissions. These sources are of concern not only because of their
contribution to ozone levels, but also because many of the constituents of the VOC
emissions are toxic in nature.
Previous efforts have focused on VOC emissions only to the extent that they
affect attainment of ozone standards. In 1985, efforts will be substantially
increased to enforce VOC control requirements in nonattainment areas. Efforts to
ensure continued high compliance levels with NSPSs and NESHAPs requirements and
those for the prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) are continuing. Funda-
mental activities such as permitting and compliance functions for non-delegated
programs, maintenance of data systems, participation in Section 105 grant manage-
ment and negotiation of grant agreements, review of State programs, and response
to formal inquiries will also be maintained.
During 1985, the Regional compliance program will continue to provide assis-
tance in selected Federal judicial referrals, consent decrees, and Section 120
actions. Also, EPA will issue administrative orders, as necessary, in environ-
mentally significant cases where States cannot or will not take appropriate enforce-
ment action. There are plans to conduct an estimated 1,685 inspections, and issue
approximately 46 administrative orders during 1985. The shift begun in 1984 to
the use of EPA Regional personnel rather than contractors in conducting inspections
will be fully accomplished in 1985.
Major Headquarter's program accomplishments in 1985 will include: review of
proposed agency regulations under NSPSs, NESHAPs, and new source/PSD programs;
management of the Compliance Data System; support of State compliance data programs
development; provision of technical analysis and case support for Regional office
compliance activities, development of three new technical workshops to enhance the
capabilities of State and local programs; and development of four new compliance
manuals for State and local programs.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $15,286,500 and 309.5 total workyears for
this program, of which $10,477,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $4,808,700 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control and Com-
pliance appropriation. The extramural funds are being used for enforcement case
support, compliance monitoring and field surveillance, Regional data management
support, development of technical workshops and manuals to enhance the capabilities
of State and local programs, and providing limited assistance to specific State
cases.
The major focus of the stationary source compliance program for 1984, as it
will be in 1985, is to ensure that noncomplying significant sources in nonattain-
ment areas are brought into compliance, consistent with the provisions of the
Clean Air Act. Federal enforcement actions will focus heavily on sources subject
to the Agency's Post-1982 Enforcement Policy which stipulates the manner in which
the Agency will respond to violating sources in nonattainment areas after the
December 31, 1982 Clean Air Act attainment deadline. The policy calls for a vig-
orous enforcement program to bring such sources into compliance, and for collection
of civil penalties, as part of the Agency's comprehensive response to the failure
of many areas and sources to meet the December 31, 1982 deadline. Although the
States will play an important role in implementing the policy, a significant level
of Federal involvement will be required. To address the problem of noncompl iance
by sources of VOC emissions, the regions will undertake a major program to improve
the inventory of regulated VOC sources and to gather information on their compliance
status.
A-86
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Federal efforts will also be directed at resolution of NSPS and NESHAPs viola-
tors, where the standards have not been delegated or where State action is inade-
quate. The stationary source compliance program continues to provide assistance
in selected judicial referrals, consent decrees, and Section 120 actions, and to
issue notices of violation and administrative orders as necessary. In addition,
the program continues to manage the Compliance Data System.
The 1984 budget reflects a major shift in the way EPA conducts inspections.
EPA is relying more on its regional personnel, rather than contractors, for most
classes of inspections due, in part, to court rulings limiting the use of con-
tractors for inspection purposes. Contractor inspections are being limited pri-
marily to inspections of non-delegated NSPSs and NESHAPs sources.
EPA will continue to review performance tests, monitor enforcement actions,
issue waivers and permits, make noncompliance penalty determinations under Section
120, and bring enforcement actions in environmentally significant cases where
States cannot or will not take such actions. To encourage States to assume primary
responsibility, EPA provides limited direct case assistance to State enforcement
efforts, when requested.
Efforts designed to expand the technical capabilities of State and local
programs continue in 1984. This effort includes Headquarter's development and
presentation of technical workshops, development of compliance manuals, and further
development of the State pilot programs begun in 1983. Use of continuous emission
monitoring equipment continues to be a major objective for 1984. In addition, to
ensure the validity of the compliance data base, EPA is initiating a qualitative
audit of State compliance monitoring techniques.
Program accomplishments in 1984 include final promulgation of second-round
nonferrous smelter orders establishing a regulatory framework for compliance exten-
sions through January 1, 1988; development of three new technical workshops to
enhance the capabilities of State and local programs; and development of four new
compliance manuals for State and local programs. During 1984, the compliance
program continues to assist the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring in
the development of civil and criminal referrals. In addition, the program is to
conduct 2,017 inspections and issue an estimated 47 administrative orders in 1984.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$211,900 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$211,900) A reprogramrning was made to this activity
which was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This
change resulted in a net decrease of -$30,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appro-
p ri at i on.
An additional reprogramming was made which moves all non-program specific
"support" type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element
(-$181,900). This reprogramming to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$181,900,
was included in a reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $14,533,900 and 263.0 total workyears for this
program, of which $9,543,800 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$4,990,100 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. Extramural
resources were used for enforcement case development activities, compliance moni-
toring and field surveillance, Regional data management, development of technical
workshops and manuals to enhance the capabilities of State and local programs, and
limited direct case assistance to States.
A major Headquarter's initiative during 1983 was the development of a compre-
hensive compliance strategy for stationary sources of air pollution which brings
together in one document all of the major thrusts of the program. The strategy
reaffirms the basic soundness of the program, but recognizes the need for addi-
A-87
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tional attention to certain elements of the program, especially in compliance by
sources that have already installed control equipment and expanded use of con-
tinuous emission monitoring techniques. In addition, the program established
guidelines during 1983 for conducting qualitative audits of State compliance pro-
grams, to be implemented beginning in 1984.
Also during 1983, the program provided technical and cost evaluations of
applications submitted by steel companies under the provisions of the Steel Industry
Compliance Extension Act of 1981. In addition, regulations for issuance and approval
of second-round nonferrous smelter orders were proposed. Program accomplishments
during 1983 also included development of three new technical workshops to enhance
the capabilities of State and local programs, implementation of three continuous
compliance pilot programs, development of three new workshops, and development of
four new compliance manuals. During 1983, EPA issued 35 administrative orders and
conducted 1,739 inspections.
A-8R
-------
PROGRAM
AIR
Mobile Source Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
i
CO
IO
Mobile Source
Enforcement
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$4,005.7 $3,733.2 $4,148.8 $4,209.1
$1,921.6 $1,821.5 $1,821.5 $1,821.5
TOTAL $5,927.3 $5,554.7 $5,970.3 $6,030.6
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $4,005.7 $3,733.2 $4,148.8 $4,209.1
Abatement Control and $1,921.6 $1,821.5 $1,821.5 $1,821.5
Compliance
Mobile Source
Enforcement
TOTAL $5,927.3 $5,554.7 $5,970.3 $6,030.6
$4,740.1 $531.0
$1,821.5
$6,561.6 $531.0
$4,740.1 $531.0
$1,821.5
$6,561.6 $531.0
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Mobile Source
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
71.4
71.4
60.0
60.0
73.6
73.6
74.6
74.6
99.3 24.7
99.3 24.7
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Mobile Source
Enforcement
TOTAL IIORKYEARS
95.1
95.1
78.4
78.4
93.4
93.4
94.4
94.4
101.4
101.4
7.0
7.0
-------
AIR
Mobile Source Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,561,600 supported by 101.4 total workyears
for 1985, of which $4,740,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $1,821,500 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation,
an increase of $531,000 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation for personnel
and support costs and 7.0 workyears.
Program Description
The mobile source enforcement program is directed primarily at ensuring com-
pliance with the motor vehicle emission standards and fuel regulations required by
the Clean Air Act. The activities carried out as part of this program are designed
to ensure that new vehicles are capable of meeting emission standards throughout
their useful lives, that vehicle emission control systems are not removed or ren-
dered inoperative, and that harmful additives are not present in gasoline. The
program also includes the issuance of California and statutory emissions waivers.
MOBILE SOURCE ENFORCEMENT
1 985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,561,600 supported by 101.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,740,100 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,821,500 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion, representing increases of $531,000 for personnel costs and 7.0 workyears.
The increase in resources will enable the Agency to expand the 1984 recall initia-
tive and to work with State and local governments in the development and implemen-
tation of their own tampering and fuel switching enforcement programs.
The expanded recall initiative will include additional testing and investiga-
tion of both mid-mileage and high-mileage vehicles. In addition, developmental work
.will proceed on new recall programs for heavy-duty engines and light-duty evaporative
emissions. California emissions waiver requests will be processed, as will applica-
tions for retroactive waivers of the Federal carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides
standards. Regulatory changes to the imports program, scheduled for promulgation
in 1984, will be implemented, increasing the efficiency of the program. The Selec-
tive Enforcement Audit (SEA) program will conduct 17 audits of manufacturer facili-
ties to ensure that new production vehicles meet emissions requirements. The lead
phasedown regulations will be enforced through monitoring of reports from refiners.
Issuance of 32 notices of violation is anticipated.
Approximately 500 consumer inquiries on emissions warranty issues will be
answered. The anti-tampering and anti-fuel switching enforcement program will be
expanded and will include investigations and notices of violation. Surveys of the
incidence of tampering and fuel switching will be carried out at various sites. EPA
will continue to assist with the development of State and local initiatives aimed at
preventing tampering and fuel switching. Implementation of eight new State programs
is anticipated.
1 984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $6,030,600 and a total of 94.4
workyears. Of the allocation, $4,209,100 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,821,500 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
A-90
-------
A major focus 1n the recall program involves the testing and investigation
of high mileage vehicles in order to assure that these vehicles meet emissions
standards throughout their useful lives. The recall program will continue surveil-
lance and confirmatory testing, follow up and investigation of suspect engine
classes, and, if warranted, issuance of recall orders. Statutory and California
waivers will be issued as required. The SEA program will continue to ensure that
new production vehicles comply with emission requirements. Regulatory revisions
for the SEA program will be proposed. Inquiries and applications for the importa-
tion of noncertified vehicles will continue, and regulations revising the imports
program will be promulgated.
Also underway is the development and implementation of a strategy aimed at
attaining increased State participation to reduce automobile emissions that result
from tampering and fuel switching. This will result in the establishment of 12
new anti-tampering and fuel switching programs by States and localities. Other
activities include: conducting fuels inspections for compliance with lead, nozzle,
and label regulations; administering tampering and fuel switching cases; evaluating
fuel and fuel additive waiver requests; and collecting data on fuel switching to
assess misfueling rates.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$60,300 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$60,300) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$60,300 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $5,927,300 and used 95.1 total workyears. Of
the amount obligated, $4,005,700 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $1,921,600 was for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control and Com-
pliance appropriation.
Recall investigations were conducted for 42 mid-mileage and 3 high-mileage
vehicle classes, and 17 SEAs were performed. Twelve emissions waivers were issued.
About 22,000 import inquiries were answered and 6,000 applications processed.
Revised import regulations were prepared. Forty notices of violation were issued
under the lead phasedown program, and 485 notices of violation under the anti-
tampering and fuel switching program. Six States and localities implemented anti-
tampering and fuel switching programs.
A-91
-------
WATER QUALITY
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
WATER QUALITY WQ-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Water Quality Research WQ-10
Muni ci pal Wastewater WQ-23
Industrial Wastewater WQ-31
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Water Quality and Grants Program Management WQ-40
Water Quality Management WQ-42
Great Lakes Program WQ-45
Chesapeake Bay Program WQ-46
Effluent Standards & Guidelines WQ-49
Grants Assistance Programs WQ-54
Clean Lakes Program WQ-55
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 106) WQ-56
Training Grants (Section 104) WQ-57
Water Quality Strategies Implementation WQ-59
Dredge & Fill WQ-62
Ocean Disposal Permits WQ-63
Environmental Emergency Response & Prevention WQ-65
Standards & Regulations WQ-66
Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis WQ-69
Municipal Source Control WQ-73
Municipal Waste Treatment Facility Construction WQ-75
Corps of Engineers WQ-79
Waste Treatment Operations & Maintenance WQ-80
ENFORCEMENT
Water Quality Enforcement WQ-83
Water Quality Permit Issuance WQ-87
WQ-1
-------
WATER QUALITY
ACTUAL BUDGET
1983 ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research 8 Development
TOTAL, Water Quality
$90,589.7 $83,728.8 $89,770.1 $88,177.1
$107,111.9 $61,324.0 $117,562.9 $117,509.3
$12,486.6 $6,316.5 $10,496.5 $10,470.5
$210,188.2 $151,369.3 $217,829.5 $216,156.9
$96,172.9 $7,995.8
$110,776.6 -$6,732.7
$10,761.3 $290.8
$217,710.8 $1,553.9
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
1,867.4 1,662.9 1,790.1 1,792.1
2,230.9 2,065.5 2,205.2 2,207.2
$282,029.0 $205,682.0 $234,912.7 $235,483.7
1,902.5
2,259.4
$239,873.9
110.4
52.2
$4,390.2
Authorization for the Clean Water Act, except Construction Grants, expired
September 30, 1982. Reauthorizatlon pending.
-------
WATER QUALITY
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Agency derives its water quality objectives from two statutes: the Clean
Water Act and the Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act. Both laws
direct the Agency to take measures to protect the Nation's waters so as to safeguard
public health, recreational use, and aquatic life.
The Agency's charge under the Clean Water Act is to meet the goals of clean
water by (1) making regulatory decisions based on sound, comprehensive, scientific
and technical assessments; (2) implementing and enforcing control measures directly,
or indirectly through State and local programs; (3) providing technical, managerial,
and administrative assistance to State programs, as well as providing program
oversight; and (4) providing financial assistance to supplement State and local
resources.
The Clean Water Act relies on a well-defined partnership between EPA and the
States, and EPA continues to encourage the States to take on primary responsibility
for implementing the Act. The Act envisions a dual approach to point-source pollu-
tion control: the technology-based approach, which uses nationally prescribed
effluent limitations to achieve pollutant reductions, and the water quality-based
approach, which is used to set permit limits on a site-specific basis where tech-
nology controls are insufficient to achieve ambient water quality standards.
EPA and States issue permits under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System to impose discharge limitations on municipal and industrial point-source
dischargers. To date, permitting has focused primarily on technology-based limits,
with industrial permits developed using best professional judgment in cases where
technology standards are not available. Water quality-based permitting has been
used to some extent in the past and will be used to a greater extent as the Agency
and States refine biomonitoring and wasteload allocation techniques.
The Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act authorizes the Agency to
develop criteria for the ocean disposal of materials based on a number of statutory
factors including environmental considerations and the need for disposal. The
Agency is also authorized to designate disposal sites for those materials and issue
permits for all nondredged materials. Another aspect of the ocean disposal program
is incineration-at-sea, for which EPA issues permits and designates sites.
Relevant to all these areas are the activities of the research and development
program, which must provide the timely analysis, information, and analytical tech-
niques to support the regulatory program.
ISSUING NPDES PERMITS
The primary focus of the NPDES permit program in 1985 will be the reduction
of the backlog of major permits to be issued by EPA so that industrial and muni-
cipal dischargers receive permits in sufficient time to comply with requirements by
July 1988, the Administration's proposed statutory deadline for industrial dis-
chargers, and by July 1988 for municipal dischargers with extensions authorized
under Section 301(i) of the Act.
Primary emphasis will be on the issuance of expired major industrial permits,
using Best Available Technology guidelines (BAT) to impose toxic limitations and
water quality controls as necessary. The Agency will also emphasize the issuance
of major municipal permits using available tools (e.g., biomonitoring, wasteload
allocations) consistent with Section 301(h) discharge waivers, pretreatment require-
ments, and revision to secondary treatment standards. EPA will also provide tech-
nical assistance to the States in implementing BAT permit requirements. The majority
of major expired or expiring permits will be reissued by the end of 1985.
WQ-3
-------
Research in this area will focus on developing a method for conducting site-
specific toxicity reduction evaluations to be used by permitting authorities to
issue discharge permits to industry, based on toxicity as a major parameter. Work
will also take place to develop Toxicity Reduction Manuals, which will identify
the in-plant sources of aquatic toxicity and define the ability of various treatment
options to reduce or eliminate this toxicity.
IMPLEMENTING THE PRETREATMENT PROGRAM
Local POTW pretreatment program development and approvals will also be
emphasized in 1984 and 1985, resulting from the July 1983 deadline for State and
EPA approval of local programs. An estimated 370 of 1,700 needed programs have
been approved to date. If local programs are not approved, EPA and States will
ensure that the program is implemented.
In addition to overseeing development of pretreatment programs, EPA will also
take appropriate enforcement measures to assure implementation of the national
pretreatment compliance strategy. In cases where cities have not implemented
approved programs, EPA will enforce national pretreatment requirements.
IMPROVING COMPLIANCE WITH NPDES PERMITS
In 1985, compliance efforts will emphasize implementation of a municipal
compliance strategy to assure compliance by all municipalities by July 1988,
wherever possible. Our goal will be to assure that Federally funded treatment
facilities are constructed as necessary and properly operated and maintained, and
that unfunded municipal dischargers take necessary steps to meet effluent limits.
Where significant noncompliance persists, EPA will take necessary enforcement
action. The research program will provide expanded engineering support to solve
operational and design problems, reduce costs, and improve compliance for existing
POTWs.
We will also continue to maintain a strong enforcement presence with industrial
noncompliers to assure a continued high rate of industrial compliance. Industrial
wastewater research will continue to provide quality assurance support for NPDES
compliance and to operate the Discharge Monitoring Report - Quality Assurance
Program.
COMPLETING EFFLUENT GUIDELINES
The Agency should finish promulgating all the effluent guidelines covered
under the Natural Resources Defense Council Consent Decree in 1985. Twenty
regulations have been promulgated, and twelve more have been proposed to date.
The guidelines will be used by the Agency and the States in developing toxic limi-
tations for industrial dischargers. Activities in 1985 will also include litigation
and negotiation support for the guidelines that have already been issued.
IMPROVING TOOLS AND KNOWLEDGE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL DECISIONS
The 1985 abatement and control program will continue to develop tools for
determining control needs beyond technology-based controls with work in areas
such as biomonitoring, site-specific criteria protocols, sediment criteria, sludge
criteria, and criteria for marine and estuarine situations. We will continue to
work with States to improve the quality of monitoring data generated by the States,
including data collected in cooperation with local governments and industry. In
1984 we will begin and in 1985 continue development of environmental criteria for
municipal sludge disposal for use in determining sludge toxicity and selecting
environmentally appropriate disposal options.
WQ-4
-------
In 1985 we will carry out national studies, such as the Dioxin Study begun in
1984, to determine the extent of contamination by these specific pollutants in the
ambient environment. These studies will increase our knowledge base and enable the
Agency to make better environmental decisions in the future.
The research program will continue to define, develop, and validate protocols
for adapting water quality criteria to site-specific field applications and will
upgrade and validate the field models needed to identify water quality limited
stream reaches and to calculate wasteload allocations. Research will also focus
on development of wasteload allocation procedures based on the net toxicity of a
complex effluent. An expanded effort for integrating pollutant-specific toxic
control techniques with toxicity testing procedures for complex effluents for use
in permitting will also be undertaken.
As the Nation completes initial implementation of technology-based controls
for municipal and industrial point sources, nonpoint source pollution is being
increasingly identified as a significant pollution problem which must be addressed
in many areas of the country. In recognition of this problem, specific activites
which EPA will undertake include issuing in 1984 a policy statement addressing
nonpoint source pollution and the use of available funds under Sections 106 and
205(j) on these programs and developing a new agreement with the U.S. Department
of Agriculture to focus technical assistance and dissemination of information to
farmers in water quality limited basins on the economic and environmental advan-
tages of applying various proven best management practices. EPA will also con-
tinue working with the Department of the Interior on controlling nonpoint source
problems on Federal lands.
FOCUSING ON BASINS OF MAJOR IMPORTANCE
The Water Program will continue in 1985 to focus on basins of major importance
to the public and the Congress, by significantly expanding the Federal commitment
to cleanup of the Cheasapeake Bay. The Agency will work with the States of
Maryland, Viginia, and Pennsylvania and with the District of Columbia to implement
management plans resulting from the research findings of the seven-year Chesapeake
Bay Water Quality Study. The Study identified three areas of concern facing the
Bay: (1) the disappearance of submerged aquatic vegetation; (2) the influx of
nutrient loads from point and nonpoint sources; and (3) the contamination of the
Bay and its tributaries by toxic substances.
A State and Federal effort has been organized to address these concerns. The
Bay Executive and Implementation Committees were established on December 9, 1983
by the EPA Administrator, the Governors of the three States, and the Mayor of the
District. The Agency in 1985 will support actions to address these concerns, to
include cost-sharing grants to the States for demonstration of nonpoint source
control practices, for development of stringent toxic control permits using bio-
monitoring procedures, for wastewater plant operator training, for improvement
of local pretreatment programs, and for technical assistance to farmers and small
businesses in designing controls.
EPA's Great Lakes National Program Office will continue to carry out the
International Agreement with Canada to support water pollution control in the
Great Lakes with continued support from our Grosse He lab and other research
laboratories. The focus will be on the use of fish, water, and air sampling to
determine water quality improvement and to identify emerging problems as a basis
for resource management and allocations. The Agency will also continue to award
Clean Lakes grants to complete existing lake restoration projects.
IMPLEMENTING A MARINE PROTECTION PROGRAM
In 1985, the Agency will promulgate the revisions required by a court de-
cision to the ocean dumping regulation, which will provide for balancing the
environmental effects of ocean disposal versus other disposal methods while meeting
WQ-5
-------
specific environmental criteria contained in the statute. The Agency will continue
to review, process, and issue permits for ocean disposal. EPA will complete the
environmental impact statements on ocean disposal sites for site designations
required under the National Wildlife Federation Consent Decree. Additional site
designation work will begin on dredged material disposal sites not covered under
the Consent Decree. The Agency will conduct monitoring surveys for dredged
material and other ocean dumping sites to determine the environmental impact of
ocean disposal. Regulations will be promulgated for the control and monitoring
of incineration-at-sea activities. The Agency will continue to survey and monitor
existing ocean incineration sites and will process additional applications for
incineration-at-sea permits.
The research program will continue to develop and validate techniques for
assessing the impact of ocean disposal of wastes, develop monitoring techniques to
evaluate the long-term effects of ocean disposal, and evaluate the trade-offs of
alternative treatment technologies with respect to environmental effects. The
research program will also work on procedures to evaluate acute and chronic toxicity
and bioaccumulation potential of contaminants in sediments for use in the dredge
disposal and ocean dumping permit programs. This effort is coordinated with the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Corps of Engineers.
MANAGING CONSTRUCTION GRANTS '.
EPA will continue to provide responsible fiscal stewardship of Federal con-
struction funds and to ensure that this program, which is essentially fully dele-
gated, continues to achieve statutory objectives. EPA will ensure that the $2.4
billion requested in 1985 is focused on priority projects with the greatest water
quality and health impact, while emphasizing local financial capability and imple-
mentation of the most cost-effective wastewater treatment approaches. Building
upon years of experience, EPA will assist States and communities in making
appropriate technological and funding decisions through dissemination of informa-
tion on effective and ineffective wastewater treatment technologies and sludge
management approaches. EPA will also assist States in implementing the remaining
statutory reforms which become effective in 1985, particularly revised funding
eligibilities and engineering performance requirements. In addition to maintain-
ning effective oversight of delegated activities, EPA "will continue to exercise
responsibility for providing needed program guidance and assistance, performing
nondelegated activities, working with the U.S. Corps of Engineers in assuring
technical integrity of wastewater treatment projects and monitoring projects with
overriding Federal interest.
The municipal wastewater research program will continue to provide the tech-
nical information and engineering assistance needed by EPA and municipalities to
develop regulations and guidance for disposal of sludge and control of pollution
from municipal treatment plants and to bring treatment plants into compliance with
State discharge permits. The specific objectives of the research program in 1985
are to 1) accelerate the use of Innovative and Alternative (I/A) technologies
through post-construction evaluations of I/A treatment technologies; 2) develop
more effective sludge treatment methods to enhance the use of sludge as well as
reduce the volumes of sludge expected from construction of new systems; 3) support
guidance development to control toxic pollutants and minimize water quality impacts;
and 4) provide the scientific assessment, health, engineering, and monitoring in-
formation base for a systems analysis approach for the States to use in evaluating
control options.
IMPROVING ASSISTANCE TO STATES
To ensure that States have sufficient Federal support to carry out require-
ments the Federal government has placed on them, EPA will maintain the 1984
appropriated level for Section 106 grants. Together with available funds under
Sections 205(g) and (j), States will be able to carry out their basic water
programs and deal with priority needs, including incorporation of toxics in State
WQ-6
-------
water quality standards, incorporation of toxic limits in permits, reduction of
permit backlogs, implementation of pretreatment programs, and development of
nonpoint source control programs. EPA will improve its efforts to make States
accountable for outputs agreed to under delegation agreements and will continue to
strengthen our oversight of State performance to fulfill EPA's responsibility to
ensure that the Congressionally mandated program is carried out.
CONTINUING PROTECTION OF WETLANDS
The major effort in 1985 in the dredge and fill program will be to develop
and apply technical guidance and regulations to ensure effective protection of the
wetland waters of the United States and to encourage States to assume Section 404
permitting authority from the Federal government.
Headquarters will develop guidance and revise regulations and procedures to
identify and address the most significant environmental problems in wetlands and
other aquatic systems. The Regions will review and comment on public notices of
permit applications; elevate permits, when necessary, to higher levels of manage-
ment; and establish jurisdictional boundaries.
In addition, Headquarters will work with the Regions to develop innovative
techniques (e.g., a joint pilot permitting program with the States and Federal
government) to encourage State assumption of the program. Regions will manage
State program development grants, consult before submittal, review submissions,
and coordinate with other agencies.
MAINTAINING ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE CAPABILITY
The environmental emergency response program will continue to maintain an
around-the-clock capability to receive notice of and respond to major incidents of
accidental releases of oil and other petroleum products (spills of hazardous
substances are covered under Superfund). Removal actions will be directed by
Regional field personnel at serious incidents where the responsible party is
unidentifiable, refuses to clean up, or is incapable of providing adequate response
and where State or local authorities lack appropriate expertise or resources.
The cleanup monitoring program will continue to provide incentives for
adequate removal by the responsible party, as well as serve as a mechanism for
drawing State and local agencies into directing removals themselves. The Agency's
focus in 1985 will be on encouraging State and local governments to assume a greater
share of the responsibility for responding to oil spills. Federal resources,
therefore, will be concentrated on major actions where State, local, or private
response is not feasible.
WQ-7
-------
WATER QUALITY
Program Activities
Effluent Guidelines
Active Construction Grants Proj...
Step 3 and Step 2+3 Project
Signed 205(g) Agreements.
State Program Approvals, National
Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES)
Adjudicatory Hearings Settled-
Permits Issued by EPA:
Municipal-
Mi nor. ......
Non -municipal
Major
Minor. .......................
Enforcement Actions
Judicial Enforcement Actions
Supported
Notices of Violation
(Administrative Orders)
Clean Lakes Projects Awarded.
Clean Lakes Projects Completed....
Spill Prevention Control and
Spill Removal Actions Conducted...
Spill Removal Actions Monitored...
Actual
1983
13
11
11
809
8,035
1,125
50
36
76
125
337
381
1,357
6
85
831
1,994
16
11
1,700
120
400
Budget
Estimate
1984
18
29
55
597
4,764
1,200
49
38
76
181
300
58
88
673
1,978
0
40
2,000
120
400
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
3
7
25
726
6,328
885
50
38
136
201
385
40
88
673
2,052
25
26
2,000
120
400
Estimate
1985
o
4
25
650
4,711
1,060
51
40
114
300
450
60
124
658
1,951
12
20
2,000
120
400
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs
1984
Compl eted
3
76
-1,617
+ 175
+ 1
+ 2
22
+ 99
+ 65
+ 20
+ 35
- 15
- 101
- 13
6
--
WQ-8
-------
Research and
Development
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
WATER QUALITY
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Water Quality Research WQ-10
Municipal Wastewater WQ-23
Industrial Wastewater WQ-31
WQ-9
-------
HATER QUALITY
Mater Quality Research
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
o
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$498.4
$217.0
$715.4
$2,313.0
$268.0
$2,581.0
$864.6
$200.0
$1,064.6
$97.4
$97.4
$6,193.5
$1,524.9
$7,718.4
$197.5
$100.0
$297.5
$1,887.6
$425.0
$2,312.6
$420.7
$420.7
$225.0
$225.0
$6,424.1
$2,507.5
$8,931.6
$197.5
$100.0
$297.5
$1,887.6
$675.0
$2,562.6
$420.7
$200.0
$620. 7
$225.0
$225.0
$6,583.4
$2,507.5
$9,090.9
$197.5
$100.0
$297.5
$1,791.3
$669.0
$2,460.3
$420.7
$200.0
$620.7
$225.0
$225.0
$6,436.5
$2,507.5
$8,944.0
$212.7
$90.0
$302.7
$1,858.1
$425.0
$2,283.1
$443.6
$443.6
$237.5
$237.5
$7,796.4
$1.560.0
$9,356.4
$15.2
-$10.0
$5.2
$66.8
-$244.0
-$177.2
$22.9
-$200.0
-$177.1
$12.5
$12.5
$1,359.9
-$947.5
$412.4
-------
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Research
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE -t-
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
Great Lakes Research
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research & Development
Water Quality Research TOTAL
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
$999.2
$1,499.8
$2,499.0
$10,966.1
$3,709.7
$14,675.8
5.0
40.0
12.0
2.3
(DOLLARS
$9,154.9
$3,032.5
$12,187.4
1.5
30.7
3.0
2.9
IN THOUSANDS)
$1,000.0 $1
$1,500.0 $1
$2,500.0 $2
$10,314.2 $10
$4,982.5 $4
$15,296.7 $15
1.5
30.7
3.0
2.9
,000.0
,500.0
,500.0
,071.0
,976.5
,047.5
1.5
29.7
3.0
2.9
$1,010.7
$1,500.0
$2,510.7
$11,559.0
$3,575.0
$15,134.0
1.5
31.7
3.0
2.9
$10.7
$10.7
$1,488.0
-$1,401.5
$86.5
2.0
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
119.9
112.1
112.1
112.1
113.2
1.1
-------
JO
t-»
ro
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Research
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
Great Lakes Research
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Great Lakes Research
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN
7.3
186.5 150.2
12.6 4.0
51.7 38.9
17.7 6.1
2.3 4.1
157.8 183.5
7.3
249.4 236.6
THOUSANDS)
6.4
156.6
4.0
38.9
6.1
4.1
182.9
8.0
244.0
6.4
155.6
4.0
37.9
6.1
4.1
182.9
8.0
243.0
6.4
158.7
4.0
36.9
6.1
4.1
179.5
8.0
238.6
3.1
-1.0
-3.4
-4.4
-------
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Research
Major Outputs/Milestones
Evaluate and Standardize
Monitoring Methods
- Sampling technology for
representative analysis
of ambient water quality
(Monitoring)
- Evaluate enforcement
potential of in vivo
stress indicators for
monitoring water quality
(Monitoring)
Provide Quality Assurance
- Provide status report for
repository, referee analytical
services, QC sample program,
and performance evaluation
survey (Monitoring)
- Provide reference cultures of
biological test organisms (fish,
microbiota, etc) (Monitoring)
Develop the Data to Support
Water Quality Standards and
Permits
- Health effects bioassay
methods for determining
whether receiving streams
meet wasteload allocations
(Health Effects)
- Determine the effect of
particulate size and
density on the incidence
rate of swimming-associated
gastroenteritis (Health
Effects)
- Assistance in modifying or
determining health criteria/
standards for site-specific
situations (Scientific
Assessment)
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
1983 1984 1985
9/83 8/84
8/85
6/85
8/86
7/83 7/84
8/83 8/84
7/85
8/85
6/86 6/86
12/84 12/84
6/86
12/84
9/83 9/84
9/85
WQ-13
-------
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Major Outputs/Milestones 1983 1984 1985
- Report on the feasibility 12/84 12/84 12/84
of using chemical speciation
models to derive site-specific
criteria (Env. Processes)
- Feasibility report on integrating 12/86
single pollutant criteria and
complex effluent approaches for
regulatory application
(Env. Processes)
- Manual of field validated wasteload 9/86 9/86 9/86
allocation models (Env. Processes)
Develop Data To Support a Sound
Ocean Disposal Program
- Project report on partitioning 10/85 10/85 10/85
of harmful materials in sludge
between sludge and seawater
(Env. Engineering)
- Report on removal of metals 1/85 1/85 1/85
and organics in alternative
treatment systems for ocean
discharge (Env. Engineering)
- User manual for evaluation of 9/86 9/86 9/86
a waste proposed for ocean
dumping (Env. Processes)
- Final report on hazard assess- 9/86 9/86 9/86
ment methods for evaluating
ocean dumping impacts
(Env. Processes)
Implement Great Lakes Study
- Documentation of Great Lakes 6/85 6/85 6/85
Models (Env. Processes)
- Report on methodology/protocol for 1/86 1/86 1/86
field exposure/effects assessment
of a Great Lakes area of concern
(Env. Processes)
WQ-14
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $15,134,000 supported by 238.6 total workyears
for 1985, an Increase of $86,500 and a decrease of 4.4 total workyears from 1984.
Included In this total are $11,559,000 for Salaries and Expenses and $3,575,000
for Research and Development, with an Increase of $1,488,000 and a decrease of
$1,401,500 respectively. The Increase 1n the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
reflects a shift of resources to support Increased costs of laboratory operations
and joint research with the People's Republic of China. The decrease 1n R8D
reflects the shift for laboratory operations, the concentration of health research
1n the Drinking Water decison unit, and completion of a large part of the environ-
mental processes research work on ocean dumping waste evaluation protocols.
Program Description
Over the next several years, uniform technology-based requirements mandated by
the Clean Water Act (CWA) for municipal and industrial effluent discharges will
largely be in place nationwide. However, 1n water bodies where these controls
have achieved State water quality standards, the Clean Water Act provides for
additional control measures. The EPA's research and development program will
provide the scientific and technical base to help States implement site-specific
standards through water quality permitting. We are shifting our emphasis from
development of single chemical criteria to development of methods required for
permitting on water quality limited segments where there are multiple dischargers
with complex effluents. The ocean disposal research is structured to provide
information to support the Agency 1n evaluating the use of the oceans for waste
disposal.
The following objectives support these goals:
Objective 1. Evaluate and Standardize Monitoring Methods to Support Water
Quality Programs'. This activity develops and standardizes water monitoring methods
needed for identifying toxic pollution problems, evaluating stream flow and efflu-
ent variabilities, and evaluating compliance with ambient water quality standards
and permit requirements.
Objective 2. Provide Quality Assurance to Support Water Quality Programs.
This research develops and standardizes quality assurance methods, provides con-
tinuing basic quality control materials and guidance, and determines the adequacy
of analytical procedures.
Objective 3. Develop the Data to Support Water Quality Standards and Permits.
This activity provides the Information and tools needed by Federal and State permit
programs to correct ambient water quality problems that remain after the mandated
minimum pollution control technology (e.g., secondary treatment, effluent guide-
lines) is in place.
Objective 4. Develop Scientific Data to Support an Environmentally Sound
Ocean Disposal Program.Thisresearchprogramdevelopsan3validatesprotocols
needed by EPA for predicting and evaluating impacts from ocean disposal practices.
The major focus is on hazard assessments, biomonitoring techniques, and identifying
acceptable disposal practices.
WQ-15
-------
Objective 5. Implement Great Lakes Study. This program evaluates, measures,
and develops predictive tools needed for understanding the distribution of pollutants
and resulting effects on water quality, aquatic life, and human exposure through
aquatic food chains of Great Lakes ecosystems.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $302,700 supported by 4.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $212,700 is for Salaries and Expenses and $90,000 is for
Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $15,200 in the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and a decrease of $10,000 in the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation. The increase in Salaries and Expenses and the decrease in
Research and Development are due to increased support for in-house operations and
a shift of extramural resources to support this.
Develop the Data to Support Water Quality Standards and Permits. ORD will con-
tinue to support program offices, States, and local officials in the implementation
of site-specific human health criteria. This will include: providing assistance in
the evaluation of potential local health hazards caused by exposure to chemical
pollutants; developing methods for evaluating effects of exposure to complex mix-
tures; and providing input to Clean Water Act Section 301(g) permit modification
requests.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $297,500 and 4.0 total workyears
to this program, of which $197,500 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $100,000 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Develop the Data to Support Water Quality Standards and Permits. Methods for
assessing risk of human exposure to chemical mixtures are being revised and published
based on scientific workshops and public comments.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $715,400 and 12.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $498,400 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $217,000 Was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Develop the Data to Support Water Quality Standards and Permits. A working
draft of the guidelines for evaluating available health data associated with human
exposure to complex mixtures of chemicals was developed. Seven mini-criteria (i.e.,
maximum safe concentrations as indicated by a minimum data set) for preliminary
hazard assessments were developed in lieu of full criteria. Updates of existing
guidelines and methodology were initiated in 1983.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,283,100 supported by 36.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,858,100 is for Salaries and Expenses and $425,000 is
WQ-16
-------
for Research and Development. The decrease of $244,000 reflects one time funding
for the development of biological monitoring techniques. A one position decrease
reflects a transfer of one workyear to the centralized quality assurance effort In
the Intermedia Decision Unit. Increased funding of $66,800 will support the
increased cost of laboratory operation.
Evaluate and Standardize Monitoring and Measurement Methods to Support Water
Quality Programs.Biosurvey techniques will be evaluated and standardized for de-
termining use-attainability and wasteload allocations. Program focus will be on
taxonomic identification, enzyme activity level monitoring and rapid chronic tests.
Provide Qua!1ty Assurance to Support Water Qua!1ty Programs. New materials
were furnished to enable States and EPA laboratories to check their monitoring pro-
cedures for toxidty testing regimes promulgated by EPA. The performance of new
test organisms will be documented and compared for quality to existing reference
calibrants. The quality assurance program will be maintained for existing biolog-
ical, chemical and physical tests used in water quality analysis.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $2,460,300 and 37.9 total workyears
to this program, of which $1,791,300 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $669,000 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
Evaluate and Standardize Monitoring and Measurement Methods to Support Water
Quality Programs. Work Ts being carried ouTon adapting freshwater monitoring
procedures foruse in marine waters, standardizing a procedure for using fish
lethality as a way of determining water quality, evaluating freshwater methods used
to measure the condition of aquatic ecosystems, and standardizing stream flow
measurement methods.
Provide Quality Assurance to Support Water Quality Program. The quality
assurance program continues £6 furnish calibration materials for States and to
standardize toxicity tests for the permitting process. EPA is evaluating a rapid
and low-cost (five day) subacute toxiclty test to replace an existing life cycle
test (100 days).
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$102,300 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$102,300) Several reprogrammings were made to this activity
which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. These
changes resulted in a net decrease of -$96,300 to the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and a decrease of -$6,000 to the Research and Development appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,581,000 and 51.7 total work-
years for this program, of which $2,313,000 was under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $268,000 was for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
WQ-17
-------
Evaluate and Standardize Monitoring and Measurement Methods to Support Water
Quality Programs.366 acute toxicity tests using aquatic organisms and an enzyme
indicator were completed and used to support water quality permits. Acute toxicity
tests for iron and steel wastes were conducted. Laboratory precision tests were
completed with fathead minnows using cadmium as the toxicant. The reliability of
acute toxicity tests which use an aquatic organism was evaluated for four toxicant
reference materials.
Provide Quality Assurance to Support Water Quality Programs. Performance
evaluations were provided to over 600 participating laboratories.A short term
embryo-larvel test for effluent biomonitoring was evaluated. Calibration materials
were provided to ensure acceptable data quality, with a major effort on providing
biological test specimens.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $443,600 supported by 6.1 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for Salaries and Expenses. This reflects a decrease
of $200,000 in the Research and Development appropriation and an increase of
$22,900 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This decrease reflects the
continuing shift of health research to the Drinking Water health effects research
program to support the consolidation of water-related health effect issues under
the direction of the Drinking Water Office, and the increase reflects increased
support for laboratory operations.
Develop the Data to Support Water Quality Standards and Permits. The Agency
has identified specific sites where waterborne toxic pollutants, particularly
complex effluents, are of particular concern. ORD will develop techniques for use
in evaluating site-specific human health problems caused by complex effluents.
Several new tests will be evaluated and field tested, and the most useful tests
will be described in a manual.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $620,700 and 6.1 total workyears
to this program, of which $420,700 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $200,000 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Develop the Data to Support Water Quality Standards and Permits. Development
of short-term toxicological tests for human health effects is continuing. Research
to determine the effects of particle size on the incidence of swimming-associated
gastroenteritis is being completed.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,064,600 and 17.7 total work-
years for this program, of which $864,600 was under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $200,000 was for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Develop the Data to Support Water Quality Standards and Permits. Re-
search studies on the general toxicity and immunotoxicity of napthalene in surface
waters has been completed. Studies on the subchronic toxicity of halomethane have
been published.
WQ-18
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $237,500 supported by 4.1 total workyears for
this program, all of which 1s for Salaries and Expenses. This is an increase of
$12,500 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, reflecting the increased cost
of laboratory expenses.
Develop the Scientific Data to Support an Environmentally Sound Ocean Dispo-
sal Program.ORD will develop methods to determine physical properties of sludge
relevant to engineering aspects of ocean disposal and will provide assessments on
alternate sludge treatment technologies in order to determine the least risk. ORD
will also evaluate the reliability of existing treatment technology to meet
effluent limitations.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $225,000 and 4.1 total workyears
to this program, all of which is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Develop Scientific Data to Support an Environmentally Sound Ocean Disposal
Program.Information on the effect of various sludge treatment options on particle
size and density characteristics is being developed for use in transport and fate
models to help predict sludge movement in the ocean.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $97,400 and 2.3 total workyears to
this program, all of which was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Develop Scientific Data to Support an Environmentally Sound Ocean Disposal
Program. Pilot scale treatment units were fabricated and installed to conduct
studies on less-than-secondary treatment processes to determine the effect of
treatment levels on pollutant uptake by marine organisms.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,356,400 supported by 179.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $7,796,400 is for Salaries and Expenses and $1,560,000
is for Research and Development. This is an increase of $1,359,900 in the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and a decrease of $947,500 in the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation. The increase reflects an additional $525,000 for environmental
research in cooperation with the People's Republic of China and a shift of resources
to support the increased cost of laboratory operations. The decrease in Research
and Development reflects this shift and a decreased effort in the ocean disposal
program as a result of completion of the bulk of research in support of waste
evaluation protocols.
Develop the Data to Support Water Quality Standards and Permits. ORD will
provide field tested methods that States can use to derive water quality criteria
which take into account local environmental conditions in both freshwater and
WQ-19
-------
marine environments. Use-attainability research will continue to develop and test
assessment procedures for determining the biological integrity of freshwater eco-
given site. Wasteload allocation research will continue to develop, upgrade, and
test an array of models that States can use for setting permit conditions for
toxic as well as conventional pollutants. EPA will continue to operate the Center
for Water Quality Modeling which will provide manuals, computer tapes, and other
assistance on various models to States and EPA client offices. Increasing effort
will be given to development of wasteload allocation procedures based on the net
toxicity of a complex effluent. An expanded research effort will focus on integra-
ting pollutant-specific toxicity testing procedures for complex effluents for use
in water quality permitting.
The Agency will participate in a joint research program with the People's
Republic of China (PRC) in three areas of mutual interest. They are: (1) effects
of pollution on freshwater organisms, (2) pollution of soil and groundwater, and
(3) modeling of water pollution fate and transport.
Develop the Scientific Data to Support an Environmentally Sound Ocean Disposal
Program!Ocean dumping research, coordinated with the National Oceanic Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) and the Corps of Engineers, will develop and revise short-
term physical, chemical, and biological screening procedures for characterizing
the toxicity, persistence, and bioaccumulation potential of wastes to be dumped in
the ocean. Also, hazard assessment protocols will be developed to permit better
evaluation of ocean dumping impacts. Procedures will be developed and validated
for biomom'toring dumpsites for chronic long-term effects. EPA will develop,
revise, and field validate procedures to evaluate acute and chronic toxicity and
bioaccumulation potential of contaminants in sediments for use in the CWA, Section
404 dredged material disposal and ocean dumping permit programs. To improve the
technical basis for regulation of outfall discharges, research will develop infor-
mation used in the protection of biological resources and develop predictive a
methodology for relating waste discharage practices to temporal and spatial
exposure conditions. Technical assistance will be given to the Office of Water,
Regions, and others concerned with 301(h) waivers to the mandatory secondary treat-
ment requirement for the discharge of municipal wastes through ocean outfalls.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,944,00 and 182.9 total work-
years to this program, of which $6,436,500 is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,507,500 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Develop the Data to Support Water Quality Standards and Permits. EPA is
completing the development of protocols for determining the nature and impact of
pollutants on aquatic ecosystems under different environmental conditions. Methods
for analyzing biologial conditions of water bodies are being developed for applica-
tion in use-attainability assessments. The risk to organisms from intermittent
exposure to pollutants is being studied. Newly developed site-specific criteria
guidelines are being field evaluated and refined in conjunction with developing
more precise wasteload allocation models. Models used in determining National
Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit discharge limits for contam-
inants of concern are being developed and field evaluated.
Develop Scientific Data to Support an Environmentally Sound Ocean Disposal
Program. Research will develop techniques and data for evaluating the impacts of
alternative ocean disposal strategies. For ocean-dumped material, research empha-
sis is on refining measurements of ecological impacts, validating predictive
methods, development of a hazard assessment protocol, and improving techniques for
monitoring long-term biological impacts at dumpsites. This effort is being
coordinated with the NOAA and the Corps of Engineers.
WQ-20
-------
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$146,900 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$146,900) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$146,900 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $7,718,400 and 157.8 total work-
years for this program, of which $6,193,500 was under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,524,900 was for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Develop the Data to Support Water Quality Standards and Permits. The develop-
ment of protocols for determining the nature of chemical pollutants and their
impact on aquatic ecosystems under different environmental conditions continued.
Bioassessment methods for determining biological conditions of water bodies were
developed and tested to facilitate establishment of use-attainability assessment
procedures. Revised aquatic criteria for ammonia and chlorine were prepared.
Several mathematical models that have been developed for identifying water quality
limited stream segments and for making wasteload allocation of most conventional
pollutants were field validated.
Develop Scientific Data to Support an Environmentally Sound Ocean Disposal
Program. Development of techniques for measuring the impacts of ocean disposed
materials on marine organisms was continued. Techniques for estimating the impact
of dredged material dumped in the ocean were refined and field validated. Biologi-
cal techniques for monitoring long-term impacts on dumpsites were developed and
validated. This effort was coordinated with the NOAA and the Corps of Engineers.
GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,510,700 supported by 8.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,010,700 is for Salaries and Expenses and $1,500,000
is for Research and Development. This is an increase of $10,700 in the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation. The Research and Development appropriation request 1s
the same amount as 1984. The increase in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
reflects the increased cost of laboratory operations.
Implement Great Lakes Study. The Great Lakes Research Program will provide
the U.S./Canada Water Quality Board and EPA Office of Water with technical support
under the U.S./Canada Water Quality Agreement. Intensive field studies will be
conducted to evaluate current methodologies for development of site-specific water
quality criteria and assessments of use-attainability using existing fish popula-
tion dynamics models and bioassay, biomonitoring, and bioavailability procedures.
The extent of fish and sediment contamination by polychlorinated and other syn-
thetic organic compounds will be emphasized.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,500,000 and 8.0 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,000,000 is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,500,000 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
WQ-21
-------
Implement Great Lakes Study. Research is continuing to identify and evaluate
sources of pollutants found in the Great Lakes. Mathematical models and other
predictive techniques will be developed and field validated for use in understand-
ing the transport, accumulation, loss, recycling, and impact of toxic pollutants
in large lake ecosystems. In addition, technical assistance will be provided to
the International Joint Commission, Program Offices and Regional Offices.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,499,000 and 7.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $999,200 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $1,499,800 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Implement Great Lakes Study. Research in site-specific water quality cri-
teria, eutrophication, and ecological assessment was conducted and technical
support provided to the International Joint Commission and U.S./Canada Water
Quality Board for the Great Lakes. An intensive field study of a watershed of the
Great Lakes was conducted to determine exposure, dose and effects on environmental
populations by evaluating exposure potential, exposure experience, critical dose,
and observed effects based on biological epidemiology.
WQ-22
-------
ro
OJ
WATER QUALITY
Municipal Wastewater
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Scientific Assessment
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salai ies & Expenses
Research & Development
Municipal Wastewater TOTAL
$742.1
$1,231.2
$1,973.3
$4,183.5
$4,759.3
$8,942.8
$4,925.6
$5,990.5
$10,916.1
$83.7
$83.7
$1,006.9
$1,062.9
$2,069.8
$1,324.3
$1,784.2
$3,108.5
$2,414.9
$2,847.1
$5,262.0
$83.7
$83.7
$1,006.9
$1,062.9
$2,069.8
$1,529.2
$4,014.2
$5,543.4
$2,619.8
$5,077.1
$7,696.9
$83.7
$83.7
$1,006.9
$1,062.9
$2,069.8
$1,681.4
$4,014.2
$5,695.6
$2,772.0
$5,077.1
$7,849.1
$96.4
$96.4
$964.8
$746.3
$1,711.1
$1,792.9
$5,246.1
$7,039.0
$2,854.1
$5,992.4
$8,846.5
$12.7
$12.7
-$42.1
-$316.6
-$358.7
$111.5
$1,231.9
$1,343.4
$82.1
$915.3
$997.4
-------
WATER QUALITY
Municipal Wastewater
& Technology
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT
1983 ESTIMATE 1984
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANI NT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
(DOLLARS IN
1.0
13.7 14.3
77.7 24.2
THOUSANDS)
1.0
14.3
31.7
1.0
14.3
31.7
1.0
14.3
31.7
91.4
39.5
47.0
47.0
47.0
TOTAL IIORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
21.1
90.3
2.0
21.7
27.1
2.0
21.7
34.6
2.0
21.7
34.6
2.0
21.7
34.6
TOTAL WORKYEARS
111.4
50.8
58.3
58.3
58.3
-------
WATER QUALITY-
Municipal Wastewater
Major Outputs/Milestones
Evaluate Innovative and Alternative
Technologies
- Assessment reports of emerging treatment
technology processes (Env. Tech.)
- Conduct post-construction evaluation
of I/A projects and publish reports
for feedback to States, municipalities
and consultants (Env. Tech.)
- Process design manual on wastewater
disinfection (Env. Tech.)
- Process design manual for wastewater
stabilization ponds (Env. Tech.)
- Handbook for cost effective treatment
and disposal of sewage (Env. Tech.)
- Evaluation of sewer rehabilitation
techniques (Env. Tech.)
- Report on health assessment of
airborne exposure to wastewater
pathogens (Health Effects)
Evaluate Sludge Management Methods
- Design manual for the land
application of sludge (Env. Tech.)
- Design guidelines for sludge
treatment processes (Env. Tech.)
- Provide health appraisal report
on sludge application (Health Effects)
- Assess human health hazard/risk
assessment methodology and
guidelines (Sci. Assess.)
Provide for Compliance Achievement and
Upgrading of Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Plants
- Reports on design methods to correct
poor design practices, and improve
cost and energy savings (Env. Tech.)
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
1983 1984 1985
9/84 9/84
9/83
9/84
6/83
9/83
9/84
9/84
9/85
9/85
9/84
6/86 6/86
9/83
6/84 6/84
7/85 7/85
6/85 6/85
6/86
7/85
6/85
6/84 6/84
9/85
WQ-25
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WATER QUALITY
Municipal Wastewater
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,846,500 supported by 58.3 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $997,400 with no increase in total workyears from 1984.
Included in this total is $2,854,100 for Salaries and Expenses and $5,992,400 for
Research and Development, with increases of $82,100 and $915,300 respectively. The
increase provides for new engineering research efforts in toxic pollutants, compli-
ance, and support to water quality standards.
Program Description
The purpose of the Municipal Wastewater Research Program is to provide the
technical information and engineering assistance needed by EPA and municipalities
for the development of regulations and guidance in the disposal of sludge, in the
control of pollution from municipal treatment plants and to bring treatment plants
into compliance with National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
permits.
The following objectives support these goals:
Objective 1. Evaluate and Assess Innovative and Alternative (I/A} Technolo-
gies to Improve the Efficiency, Reliability and Effectiveness of Municipal Waste^
water Treatment Systems.This activity providestechnicalsupport,information
dissemination, post-construction evaluations of completed projects, and engineering
assessments of emerging technologies required to accelerate and encourage use of
Innovative and Alternative technology in the Construction Grants program by the
States and municipalities.
Objective 2. Evaluate and Assess Improved Treatment, Utilization and Disposal
Methods for the Management of Municipal Sludge.This research provides the scienti-
fic assessment, engineering, health effects, and monitoring information needed for
the effective treatment, conversion, use and disposal of sludges. This research
is needed for the development of regulations and guidance in order to comply with
the mandates of both the Clean Water Act and the Resource Conservation and Recovery
Act.
Objective 3. Provide for Compliance Achievement and Upgrading of Municipal
Wastewater Treatment Facilities.This activity provides the municipal sector with
both the information to correct treatment plant deficiencies and upgrade existing
plant capacities to achieve compliance with NPDES permits at minimal costs.
Objective 4. Evaluate Wastewater Toxics Treatability of Various Municipal
Treatment Processes.This research provides the information needed for developing
regulations andguidance to control toxic pollutants and minimize water quality
impacts through effective use of municipal treatment processes, and management
options which seek to minimize pretreatment where possible.
Objective 5. Provide Water Quality Planning and Regulation Support for the
Water Quality Standards and Permit Process. This research provides protocols to"
States to perform a systems analysis approach for evaluating various options for
achieving rational water quality goals at minimal cost.
WQ-26
-------
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $96,400 supported by 2.0 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for Salaries and Expenses, an increase of $12,700
over 1984. This reflects the need for additional resources to complete a method-
ology for conducting health hazard and risk assessment evaluations of sludge dis-
posal options.
Evaluate and Assess Improved Treatment, Utilization and Disposal Methods for
Management of Municipal Sludge.Efforts willfinalize risk assessment guidelines
for determining criteriafor contaminant levels in sludge, begun in 1984. The
potential health risks associated with the sludge disposal option of land spreading
will be assessed for five contaminants.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $83,700 and 2.0 total workyears
to this program, all of which is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Evaluate and Assess Improved Treatment, Utilization and Disposal Methods for
Management of Municipal Sludge.EPA sludge management policy needs to be supported
by multi-media exposure and health risk assessments capable of showing that risks
will be minimized under that policy for 1984. Research is initiating the develop-
ment of risk assessment guidelines for determining criteria for contaminant levels
in sludge.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency did not obligate resources for this program.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,711,100 supported by 21.7 total workyears
for this program of which $964,800 is for Salaries and Expenses and $746,300 is
for Research and Development. This reflects a decrease of $42,100 and $316,600
respectively. The decrease results from completion of research in health aspects
of land treatment in municipal wastewater. The epidemiological studies in Lubbock,
Texas, and Israel will be nearing completion. Available data is adequate for
present Agency regulatory priority needs.
Evaluate and Assess Innovative and Alternative (I/A) Technologies to Improve
the ETficiency, Reliability and Effectiveness of Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Systems I This research, which provides data and appraisal documents on the health
aspects of land treatment of wastewater, will be drawing to a close. Emphasis will
be on pathogens, organic chemicals, nitrates and sodium. Scientific information
is needed to assess the effects on human health resulting from the exposure to
biological and chemical pollutants contained in wastewater. This research will
assist State and local officials to develop practices which are relatively free
from risks to human health.
WQ-27
-------
Evaluate and Assess Improved Treatment, Utilization and Disposal Methods for
the Management of Municipal SludgelResearch will focus primarily on identifying
the presenceofadverse human health-related organic chemicals in sludge and
assessing their potential mutagenic and carcinogenic toxic effects. Research will
provide definitive data on the fate of human pathogens present in domestic sludges,
specifically viruses and parasites which possess resistence to inactivation. Field
studies will be conducted under various climatic conditions to determine the die-
off of parasites and viruses. Animals will be evaluated as potential human surro-
gates to study pathogen infectivity. Microbial data are necessary to form the
basis for regulations and guidelines for land application of sludge.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,069,800 and 21.7 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,006,900 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,062,900 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Evaluate and Assess Innovative and Alternative (I/A) Technologies to Improve
the Efficiency, Reliability and Effectiveness of Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Systems.Currentresearch activitiesnearingcompletionin the land treatment
health program include: epidemiological studies in Lubbock, Texas, and Israel,
studies on movement of pollutants through the air and soil, and studies on the up-
take of pollutants by plants. Research will provide data which will determine if
pathogens have been reduced to a safe infectivity level for wastewater applied to
land.
Evaluate and Assess Improved Treatment. Utilization and Disposal Methods for
the Management of Municipal Sludge. Research is focused on determining the trans-
port and fate of toxic pollutants resulting from land application of sludge. The
focus is on pathogens, heavy metals, and organic chemicals that may be transmitted
from sludge. Methods will be adapted and validated to develop data which can be
used in quantifying the degree of human risk associated with land treatment of
sludge. An appraisal document to support anticipated regulations is being prepared
as well as the completion of cooperative epidemiological studies of farm families
utilizing sewage sludge for agricultural purposes.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,973,300 and 21.1 total workyears
for this program of which $742,100 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $1,231,200 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Evaluate and Assess Innovative and Alternative (I/A) Technologies to Improve
: i T._i ._, -ji f .
Systems. Research reports were completed on disinfection, infective doses of
the Efficiency, Reliability andEffectiveness ofMunicipal Wastewater Treatment
ipal 1
tion,
waterborne pathogens, particular virus species in water pollution testing, waste-
water aerosols emitted in sewage treatment, and organic contaminants in wastewater.
Evaluate and Assess Improved Treatment, Utilization and Disposal Methods for
the Management of Municipal Sludge. Research reports were completed on the
evaluation of mutagenicity of sewage sludge, human biological risks associated with
the composting of wastewater sludge, hazardous trace amounts of selenium in sludge,
the effects of cadmium on the kidneys, cadmium concentrations in the urine and its
relationship to blood antibodies, the inactivation of viruses in sludge, and the
identification and significance of viruses in sewage.
WQ-28
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING ANP TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,039,000 supported by 34.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,792,900 is for Salaries and Expenses and $5,246,100
is for Research and Development, representing increases of $111,500 and $1,231,900
respectively. The increases reflect new efforts in the areas of compliance
achievement, toxics treatability, and water quality planning and regulation
support.
Evaluate and Assess Innovative and Alternative (I/A) Technologies to Improve
the Efficiency. Reliability and Effectiveness of Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Systems. Activities Tntnis area support the Construction Grant I/A program by
providing technical .assistance in reviewing project plans, recommending innovative
technologies, and providing planning, engineering and analytical assistance to the
Regions and States. Information about promising new treatment processes developed
by the industrial and university sectors will be evaluated. Post-construction
evaluations of operational I/A projects will he conducted in 1985 producing needed
information on design, energy use, and the operation and maintenance costs.
Evaluate and Assess Improved Treatment, Utilization and Disposal Methods for
the Management of Municipal Sludge. Evaluations will be conducted on pilot and
large scale combinations of multi-stage anaerobic digestion and wet air oxidation
to determine the mass and volume reducing capabilities of the system. Evaluations
of promising conversion methods such as mechanical composting and conversion of
sludge to liquid or gaseous fuel will be completed. Sampling of digested and un-
digested sludges from several plants will be carried out to supplement existing
data on concentrations of pathogens bacteria, viruses, and indicator organisms.
This information will be used to judge the effectiveness of new low-cost treatment
methods which meet RCRA regulation requirements. Also, the effects of selected
sludge treatment processes on the concentration and availability of toxic organics
and metals will be evaluated. The Teachability of toxics and nutrients from in-
cinerator sludge ash will be evaluated to determine whether the residue will have
a significant negative impact on a landfill.
Provide for Compliance Achievement and Upgrading of Municipal Wastewater
Treatment Facilities. Expanded resources will fund a series of short reports on
solving operational and design problems, reducing costs, and increasing compliance.
Research will also focus on two methods for upgrading existing overloaded plants
through the integration of a high biomass reactor and improved aeration technology
Design and cost information will be provided to the municipal sector to potentially
decrease capital investments by 20 to 40 percent and lower energy consumption by
50 percent.
Evaluate Wastewater Toxics Treatability of Various Municipal Treatment
Processes. Increases in this area will support a new program for determining
toxics removal efficiencies and reliability of various treatment processes to
enhance toxicity removal in municipal plants. This work is in direct support of
the Office of Water in developing regulations and guidance to control toxic
pollutants by establishing "rational permits" and minimizing pretreatment.
Provide Water Quality Planning and Regulation Support for the Water Quality
Standards and Permit Process. The engineering data base necessary for States to
assess control options and water quality impacts in order to issue realistic dis-
charge permits is incomplete. This may result in the selection of costly treatment
alternatives. Additional resources will provide for analytical methods research
and support on engineering data base to be used by States in their planning process
to achieve rational, less costly water quality goals. Implementing this systems
analysis approach should result in more equitable wasteload allocations, ensure
reasonable margins of safety in stream loadings, eliminate over-design of treatment
plants and produce lower life-cycle costs.
WQ-29
-------
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,695,600 and 34.6 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,681,400 is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $4,014,200 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Evaluate and Assess Innovative and Alternative (I/A) Technologies to Improve
the Efficiency, Reliability and Effectiveness of Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Systems. Pre-const ruction reviews are continually being carried out for the
Regions and States to determine projects that qualify for I/A funding. Post-con-
struction evaluations of operational I/A projects are being initiated and will be
used to accelerate the transfer of operational and cost data on successful I/A
technologies to the municipal sector. Information dissemination is achieved
through a centralized clearinghouse operated in direct support to the Construction
Grants program and through a series of regional seminars.
Evaluate and Assess Improved Treatment. Utilization and Disposal Methods for
the Management of Municipal Sludge.ResearchTnthisprogram isbeingcon-
ducted in two major areas: the treatment and the disposal of sludge. In the
treatment area, emphasis will focus on innovative stabilization and digestion
processes such as high solids retention reactors, and multi-stage digestion pro-
cesses that have the potential for destruction of greater quantities of sludge and
reducing costs. Research in the disposal area will include those projects that
show promise for minimizing environmental impacts from land application of sludge
and focus on characterizing the mechanisms which control the uptake and the trans-
formation of toxic organics and pathogenic organisms in sludge amended soils.
Provide for Compliance Achievement and Upgrading of Municipal Wastewater
Treatment Facilities.For 1984, efforts will be continued in assisting local com-
munities in improving the operational reliability, compliance rate, and cost effec-
tiveness of treatment plants by identifying and eliminating chronic design prob-
lems. A new effort will begin in evaluating new technologies for upgrading over-
loaded treatment plants, at minimal capital costs.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$152,200 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$152,200) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$152,200 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $8,942,800 and 90.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,183,500 was under the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $4,759,300 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Evaluate and Assess Innovative and Alternative (I/A) Technologies to Improve
the Efficiency, Reliability and Effectiveness of Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Systems. To date, approximately 200 detailed engineering reviews of facility
plans and designs of innovative technologies have been carried out for the Regions
and the States in support of the Construction Grants program. Ten assessment
reports of emerging innovative technologies were completed. Post-const ruction
evaluations of operational I/A projects were initiated and included technologies
such as ultra-violet disinfection, biological phosphorus removal and land treatment
of municipal wastewater (overland flow).
WQ-30
-------
PROGRAM
WATER QUALITY
Industrial Wastewater
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL
REQUEST
1984
ESTIMATE
1985
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Monitoring Systems X
Quality Assurance
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$2,045.4
$1,275.2
$3,320.6
$15.6
$155.0
$170.6
$868.7
$1,356.2
$2,224.9
$1,052.0
$436.9
$1,488.9
$1,052.0 $1,052.0
$436.9 $416.9
$1,488.9 $1,468.9
$113.0
$113.0
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
Industrial Wastewater TOTAL $6,005.9 $1,800.6 $1,800.6 $1,893.6
$1,079.0
$436.9
$1,515.9
$195.6
$757.0
$952.6
$27.0
$20.0
$47.0
$82.6
$757.0
$839.6
$289.8
$289.8
$3,219.5
$2,786.4
$311.7
$311.7
$1,363.7
$436.9
$311.7
$311.7
$1,363.7
$436.9
$311.7
$311.7
$1,476.7
$416.9
$319.3
$319.3
$1,593.9
$1,193.9
$7.6
$7.6
$117.2
$777.0
$2,787.8
$894.2
-------
WATER QUALITY
Industrial Wastewater
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
27.3 12.3 12.3 12.3
.6
13.4 3.0
5.0 3.8 3.8 3.8
46.3 16.1 16.1 19.1
39.2 18.8 18.8 18.8
.6
17.6 3.0
5.1 5.7 5.7 5.7
62.5 24.5 24.5 27.5
12.3
4.0 1.0
3.8
20.1 1.0
18.8
4.0 1.0
5.7
28.5 1.0
-------
WATER QUALITY
Industrial Wastewater
Major Outputs/Milestones
Provide Quality Assurance and Monitoring
- Prepare annual OA Discharge Monitoring
Report in support of NPDES (Monitoring)
- Develop quality control samples for
GC/MS and other analytical series
(Monitoring)
Develop/Validate Measurement Systems
- Correct deficiencies in the approved
fiOO Series Methods for analysis of
the organic priority pollutants
(Monitoring)
- Review applications/recommend approval
for 1-3 general and 90-100 specific
equivalent test procedures
(Monitoring)
Develop and Evaluate Scientific/
Technical Tools
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
1983 1984 1985
Methods manual for asbestos
wastewater (Env. Processes)
in
Final report on independent
testing and application of
Master Analytical Scheme (MAS)
(Env. Processes)
Project report on organic compounds
identified in Effluent Guidelines
Division (EGD) samples by Liquid
Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
(LC/MS) (Env. Processes)
Toxicity reduction manual for organic
chemicals industry (Env. Engineering)
Field evaluation of a prototype
membrane process for electroplating
wastewater treatment (Env. Engineering)
9/83 9/84
9/83 9/84
9/84
9/85
9/85
9/83
9/84
9/85
9/85
6/84
6/85 6/85
12/84 12/84
2/86 2/86
9/83 4/81
9/84 9/85
WQ-33
-------
WATER QUALITY
Industrial Wastewater
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,787,800 supported by 28.5 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $894,200 and 1.0 total workyear from 1984. Included
in this total 1s $1,593,900 for Salaries and Expenses and $1,193,900 for Research
and Development, with Increases of $117,200 and $777,000 respectively. The in-
crease reflects engineering research for developing a protocol manual to be used
by permitting officials to evaluate the industry's toxiclty reduction procedures.
Program Description
The Clean Water Act requires that industrial wastewater discharges be regula-
ted by technology based, water quality based and toxiclty based regulations. This
program provides the research support areas of control technology, quality assur-
ance, monitoring systems, and industrial wastewater characterization. This support
assures that regulation of industrial wastewater discharges 1s based upon sound
science, and is cost-effectively Implemented within the state-of-the-art. The pro-
gram will place special emphasis on the reduction of toxicity of industrial dis-
charges for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permittees.
Objective 1. Provide Quality Assurance and Monitoring Support for Industrial
WastewTter and National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Activities.
This activity develops the quality assurance tools and support programs to document
the quality of all measurements related to Industrial wastewater discharges, for
compliance with technology based regulations, and for toxiclty reductions required
by water quality based regulations.
Objective 2. Develop g"d Validate Measurement Systems for Industrial Waste-
water Dischargers and NPDES SuppoTtlCost-effectiveanalyticalmethodswhich are
required by section 304(h) of the Clean Water Act (CWA) are developed and verified.
Approved methods are corrected for deficiencies to assure their applicability to
industrial wastewater monitoring for compliance with the technology based regula-
tions or for toxiclty reductions required by the water quality based regulations.
Objective 3. Develop and Evaluate Scientific and Technical Tools to Support
Permitting and Enforcement Activities. ThTsresearchaddressestfieneedfora
method to conduct site specific toxicity reduction evaluations (TREs) to be used
by permitting authorities to Issue discharge permits to Industry. This research
addresses the need for a more complete data base to enable permitting authorities
to issue Best Professional Judgment (BPJ) discharge permits based on toxiclty
reduction concepts so that industry can meet water quality based standards 1n the
most cost-effective manner possible. Separation, characterization and measurement
of organic and inorganic chemical species from selected industrial effluents will
be made.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,515,900 supported by 18.8 total workyears
for this program, an Increase of $47,000. Included in this total is $1,079,000
for Salaries and Expenses, and $436,900 for Research and Development, an increase
of $27,000 and $20,000 respectively. This reflects a level of effort which is
WQ-34
-------
essentially unchanged from 1984. This increase supports the NPDES program by
providing quick-term research support for analytical methods for priority organic
pollutants for use in the field.
Provide Quality Assurance and Monitoring Support for Industrial Wastewater and
NatioTnrrPollutant Discharge Elimination System' (NPDES) Activities! During the
year a voluntary performance evaluation study will be conducted on a representative
subset of the NPOES enforcement laboratories to evaluate their analytical profi-
ciency and to identify analytical problems. The Discharge Monitoring Report-
Quality Assurance (DMRQA) Support Program will be continued. It is a special
analytical evaluation study on 26 regulated parameters aimed at evaluating the
quality of self-monitoring DMRQA data submitted to the States and to EPA by the
8000 major dischargers within the NPDES. The expected accomplishments are a
statistical evaluation report on the analytical proficiency of the NPDES labora-
tories and individual debriefing reports to each of the participating laboratories
indicating their performance relative to their peer laboratories.
Develop and Validate Measurement Systems for Industrial Wastewater Discharges
and NPDES Support!Chemicalinterferents will be identified in the discharges of
those industrial categories where the gas chromotograph/mass spectrograph (6C/MS)
methods prove to be deficient. The correct test procedures will undergo regula-
tory review and be amended to the analytical guidelines. The equivalency program,
which is intended to encourage analytical methods development by the private
sector, will be continued. Methods approved for nationwide use will be incor-
porated by reference into the appropriate regulations.
1984 Program
In 1984 the Agency is allocating a total of $1,468,900 and 18.8 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,052,000 is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $416,900 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Provide Quality Assurance and Monitoring Support for Industrial Wastewater and
NationaT" Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Activities. The National
NPDES StandardsRepository willbe maintained, and where appropriate, standards
will be made traceable to National Bureau of Standards (NBS) reference materials.
Continued quality assurance audit support will be given to the NPDES Discharge
Monitoring Report monitoring network to maintain the reliability of the data and
document its precision and accuracy.
Develop and Validate Measurement Systems for Industrial Wastewater Discharge
and NPDES Support"! Component elements oftfieNPDES priority organic pollutant
test procedures approved in 1983 under the provisions of section 304(h) of the
Clean Water Act will be re-evaluated for deficiencies and modified to make them
more generally applicable to all wastewaters. Test procedures will be assessed
for applicability to the analysis of priority pollutants in sludges, hazardous
wastes, brackish and marine waters, and sediments and dredge spoils.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$20,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$20,000) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$20,000 to the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
WQ-35
-------
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,320,600 and 39.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,045,400 was under Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and 1,275,200 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Provide Quality Assurance and Monitoring Support for Industrial Wastewater and
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Activities.Performance
evaluation standardswerepreparedan3verified for EPAregional and State
enforcement laboratories and for some of EPA's contract laboratories for profi-
ciency in industrial wastewater analysis. The annual audit report of the NPDES
Discharge Monitoring Report monitoring network for 1983 was completed and samples
were prepared and validated in preparation for the 1984 audit.
Develop and Validate Measurement Systems for Industrial Wastewater Discharges
and NPDES Support"! THe gas chromatographic(GC), high pressure liquid chromato-
graphic (HPLC),and GC/MS test procedures for the analysis of organic priority
pollutants were validated by multilaboratory tests. Final reports of these tests
will be available early in 1984. Application of these test procedures to matrixes
other than treated wastewaters has been demonstrated, with some modification to
analysis of the priority pollutants in sludges.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $952,600 supported by 4.0 total workyears for
the program, an increase of $839,600 and 1 total workyear. The total includes
$195,600 for Salaries and Expenses and $757,000 for Research and Development, re-
flecting an increase of $82,600 and $757,000 respectively. The increase in
resources will be used to improve the Agency's ability to conduct toxicity reduc-
tion evaluations (TREs) and to evaluate cost-effective control alternatives.
Develop and Evaluate Scientific and Technical Tools to Support Permitting and
Enforcement Activities.Increasesprovide for a data base to enablepermitting
authorities to issue Best Professional Judgment (BPJ) discharge permits for indus-
try to meet water quality based standards in the most cost-effective manner
possible. These efforts will focus on complex, highly toxic wastewaters such as
dye and pigment manufacturing, aluminum smelters, and organic chemicals production.
Manuals, for permitting authorities, will be produced for conducting site specific
toxicity reduction evaluations and to issue discharge permits to industry, based
on toxicity as a major parameter, particularly in the case of multiple industrial
contributions.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $113,000 and 3.0 total workyears
to this program, all of which is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Develop and Evaluate Scientific and Technical Tools to Support Permitting and
Enforcement Activities.Evaluations of pollution control technologies for primary
aluminum processing and foundry wastewaters are being conducted. Cost-effective
treatment alternatives will be determined and made available for regional offices
and State permitting officials to issue BPJ discharge permits.
Toxicity reduction evaluations for organic chemical industry are being con-
ducted. The results from these evaluations will be made available to permitting
authorities for issuing toxicity based discharge permits, especially in the area
of multiple industrial contributions.
WQ-36
-------
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$113,000 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (+$113,000) Several reprogrammings were made to this activi-
ty which were not reportable under Congressional reprogramming limitations. These
changes resulted in a net increase of +$113,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,224,900 and 17.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $868,700 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation, and $1,356,200 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment Appropriation.
Develop and Evaluate Scientific and Technical Tools to Support Permitting and
Enforcement Activities.Eighttreatmenttechnologiesfor themetal finishing
industry have been identified which may justify the changes in NPDES permit limita-
tions. Two of these technologies, Bouyant Media Filtration and Zerpol Zero Dis-
charge, will be further studied to determine their effects on the permit limita-
tions. The Treatability Manual which provides available cost-versus-performance
data for frequently used industrial waste treatment technologies has been updated
and made available for utilization by regional offices and State permitting offi-
cials. Efficient, low-cost treatment technologies for toxic metals and organic
pollutants have been evaluated for the organic chemical industry.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $319,300 supported by 5.7 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
reflects an increase of $7,600.
Develop and Evaluate Scientific and Technical Tools to Support Permitting
and Enforcement Activities". In 1985 this program will support the Effluent Guide-
lines Division (EGD) in maintaining the GC/MS tape library and to further identify
those chemicals still unidentified that recur frequently in industrial effluents.
Separation and measurement of organic and inorganic chemical species from selected
industrial effluents will be made. Nonvolatile organics in suspended matter and
sediments will be emphasized.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $311,700 and 5.7 total workyears
to this program, all of which is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Develop and Evaluate Scientific and Technical Tools to Support Permitting and
Enforcement Activities.Reliableinformationontfiecompositiono?complex
industrial effluents fs being developed to identify potential problem areas and
to set priorities in taking environmental protection measures. The information is
also useful in preventing new problems before they emerge into crisis situations.
In 1984 this information on chemical composition of effluents is being developed
by scanning the information generated by GC/MS under the effluent guidelines pro-
gram. Verification is accomplished through specialized analytical efforts.
Characterizations are being conducted of selected industrial effluents with respect
to pollutants not presently identifiable or measurable but which are found to
recur frequently.
WQ-37
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There 1s no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $289,800 and 5.1 total workyears for
this program, all of which was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Develop and Evaluate Scientific and Technical Tools to Support Permitting and
Enforcement Activities.In 1983, accomplishments1ncluded thepreparation of
a manual for comprehensive analysis of volatlles 1n soils, sediments, and sludges;
and a report based on Effluent Guideline computer tapes which list frequently
recurring compounds in industrial effluents that have been Identified to date,
using special techniques that are not Identifiable through spectral matching.
WQ-38
-------
Abatement and
Control
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
WATER QUALITY
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Water Quality and Grants Program Management WQ-40
Water Quality Management WQ-42
Great Lakes Program WQ-45
Chesapeake Bay Program WQ-46
. Effluent Standards & Guidelines WQ-49
Grants Assistance Programs WQ-54
Clean Lakes Program WQ-55
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 106) WQ-56
Training Grants (Section 104) WQ-57
Water Quality Strategies Implementation WQ-59
Dredge & Fill WQ-62
Ocean Disposal Permits... WQ-63
Environmental Emergency Response & Prevention WQ-65
Standards & Regulations WQ-66
Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis WQ-69
Municipal Source Control WQ-73
Municipal Waste Treatment Facility Construction WQ-75
Corps of Engineers WQ-79
Waste Treatment Operations & Maintenance WQ-80
WQ-39
-------
I
-e>
o
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality and Grants Program Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Water Quality
Management
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Great Lakes Program
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Chesapeake Bay Program
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
$9,572.9
$370.0
$9,942.9
$1,248.9
$3,511.3
$4,760.2
$216.9
$896.0
$8,284.6
$180.0
$8,464.6
$800.0
$2,897.3
$3,697.3
$3,376.4
$2,180.0
$5,556.4
$800.0
$3,897.3
$4,697.3
$250.0
$4,000.0
$3,211.7
$2,180.0
$5,391.7
$800.0
$3,897.3
$4,697.3
$250.0
$4,000.0
$3,447.3
$180.0
$3,627.3
$841.1
$1,687.2
$2,528.3
$750.0
$9,250.0
$235.6
-$2,000.0
-$1,764.4
$41.1
-$2,210.1
-$2,169.0
$500. 0
$5,250.0
Compliance
TOTAL $1,112.9
$4,250.0 $4,250.0
$10,000.0 $5,750.0
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$11,038.7 $9,084.6 $4,426.4 $4,261.7
$4,777.3 $3,077.3 $10,077.3 $10,077.3
$5,038.4 $776.7
$11,117.2 $1,039.9
Water Quality
Management
TOTAL $15,816.0 $12,161.9 $14,503.7 $14,339.0
$16,155.6 $1,816.6
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality and Grants Program Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Water Quality
Management
Great Lakes Program
Chesapeake Bay Program
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Water Quality
Managnment
Great Lakes Program
Chesapeake Bay Program
196.4 170.4
15.9 10.8
2.9
215.2 181.2
234.4 212.4
20.1 15.0
3.8
57.7
10.8
4.6
73.1
75.6
15.0
5.0
57.7
10.8
4.6
73.1
75.6
15.0
5.0
60.6
13.4
4.6
78.6
76.6
15.0
5.0
2.9
2.6
5.5
1.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
258.3
227.4
95.6
95.6
96.6
1.0
-------
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality and Grants Program Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $16,155,600 supported by 96.6 total workyears
for this subactivity, of which $5,038,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $11,117,200 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This represents an increase of $776,700 in the Salaries and Ex-
penses appropriation and an increase of $1,039,900 in the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
Program Description
This area provides for the management of State financial assistance programs
and other local programs for water pollution control. For Agency budgetary
purposes, these activities are divided into three program elements:
Water Quality Management -- This program, which supports both Headquarters
and Regionalstaff,includes grants management; oversight and technical assis-
tance activities involved in the implementation of Federal, State, and local water
quality management; and State financial assistance under Sections 106, 205(g) (non-
construction grants management), 205(j), 208, and 303 of the Clean Water Act.
Great Lakes Program This program provides assistance in implementing U.S.
programs in support of the U.S. - Canada Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. A
major focus of the program is the measurement of ambient conditions in the Great
Lakes in order to determine compliance with the objectives of the Agreement. The
monitoring portions of the program measure water quality trends and the effective-
ness of remedial responses to emerging pollution problems.
Chesapeake Bay Program As a result of the Cheasapeake Bay Water Quality
Study, the Agency is committing significant resources to restore Bay water quality.
The Agency is assisting the Bay States and the District of Columbia in implementing
control activities to control nutrient and toxic effects in the Bay. In addition
to maintaining the Bay Liaison Office in Annapolis, the Agency will provide cost-
sharing grant assistance to the States for implementing nutrient and toxic controls.
The Agency conducts detailed monitoring and modeling studies to assist in the clean-
up effort.
WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,627,300 supported by 76.6 total workyears
for this activity, including $3,447,300 under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $180,000 under the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This
represents an increase of one workyear and $235,600 in Salaries and Expenses and
a decrease of $2,000,000 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The workyear increase is for completing and implementing the recommendations of a
study on coordinated use of water quality grant funds by the States; the increase
in Salaries and Expenses represents Agency adjustments to align personnel funding
with anticipated needs. The $2,000,000 decrease in Abatement, Control and Compli-
ance reflects the completion of the Congressionally requested study on nonpoint
sources. The Agency believes that funds available under Sections 106 and 205(j),
together with existing State management programs, adequately address the Agency's
priority concerns.
WQ-42
-------
State Program Coordination EPA will continue working with the States to
coordinate water quality program objectives, outputs, and Federal and State funding
mechanisms. EPA and State program managers will negotiate annual program priorities
and accomplishment commitments; Agency personnel will provide feedback and assis-
tance based on the results of annual evaluations. These efforts are intended to
ensure that Federal and State objectives, priorities, and funds are meeting priority
point and nonpoint source control management needs through the most cost-effective
approaches, the Federal program will emphasize results-oriented oversight of ac-
tivities and funds in support of priority water quality or public health objectives.
Revised Program Regulations During 1985, EPA will implement simplified water
quality management regulations and guidance covering Section 205(j) eligibilities,
program management under the Continuing Planning Process, and water quality plan
updates. EPA will continue to focus water planning activities on ensuring that
the States update Water Quality Management plans and effectively carry out plan
consistency reviews.
Grants Management Grants totaling $54,200,000 are being requested for
award under Section 106 of the Clean Water Act to support State and Interstate
water pollution control programs. EPA will work with the States to target the
majority of available funds, including funds available under 205(g), to reduce
permit backlogs, issue Best Available Technology permits, and support municipal and
industrial compliance activities, including high priority water quality monitoring.
Recommendations from the 1984 study concerning improved coordination of the use of
Sections 106 and 205(j) funds will be implemented if appropriate.
The Agency expects to award $24,447,320 to the States in 1985 for activities
under Section 205(j). Highest funding priorities are the development of priority
nonpoint source control and groundwater management programs and needed updates
of State water quality management plans. EPA will continue its efforts to ensure
that State processes for developing Section 205(j) workplans focus on effective
approaches to solving water quality problems and involve appropriate local,
regional, and interstate agencies closest to priority problems.
1984 Program "" " "" ~~ "" "" ~" -
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,391,700 supported by 75.6 total
workyears to this program, of which $3,211,700 is for Salaries and Expenses and
$2,180,000 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
EPA is continuing to focus on coordinating Federal and State water quality
priorities and programs. Annual program and funding priority guidance will be
issued for Region and State use. EPA will negotiate with the States coordinated
use of Sections 106, 205(j), and non-construction grant 205(g) funds for priority
areas. A study of the 1982 and 1983 use of Sections 106 and 205(j) funds is also
being initiated.
A simplified final Water Quality Management (WQM) regulation will be published
along with implementation guidance. EPA will also continue work with States in
updating their Continuing Planning Processes. The primary WQM objectives in 1984
are to improve State decision-making for pollution control on priority water bodies.
In 1984 the Agency is issuing a Report to Congress on nonpoint source control
needs and costs, publishing a national nonpoint source control policy and strategy,
and issuing the final report on the Nationwide Urban Runoff Program. Using Con-
gressional add-on funds and Section 205(j) funds, the Agency is continuing to
assist States in developing implementation strategies for controlling priority
nonpoint source problems. Technical methodologies for determining instream effects
of nonpoint source and identifying local priority nonpoint source problems, based
on the National Urban Runoff Program report, will be issued to assist States, local
WQ-43
-------
government, and other Federal agencies. The Agency is also continuing coordination
efforts with the Departments of Agriculture and Interior to promote increased
information transfer and technical assistance to the Nation's farmers concerning
water quality impacts of farming practices and land management efforts for meeting
overall water resource objectives.
Funds totaling $54,200,000 will be awarded under Section 106 of the Clean
Water Act to support State and Interstate water pollution control programs.
Increased funding for permits and enforcement activities, including necessary
water quality monitoring, will have highest priority under Section 106 in 1984.
The Agency expects to obligate $38,472,077 (including $14,024,757 obligated
from funds appropriated in 1983) to the States in 1984 for activities under Section
205(j). Priority activities for Section 205(j) funding are development of priority
nonpoint source control and ground-water management programs, and needed updating
of State water quality standards and management plans. States are expected to
continue coordination with appropriate local agencies in establishing funding
priorities and allocation of funds.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$164,700 results from the following actions:
-Reprogramtnings. (-$164,700) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$3,900 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$160,800, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $9,942,900 supported by 234.4 total workyears
for this program activity, of which $9,572,900 was under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $370,000 was for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation.
EPA published draft water quality management regulations which give States
maximum latitude in managing environmental programs while retaining appropriate
oversight responsibilities. The Agency also worked with the States, encouraging
them to strengthen their State plans and planning processes, and ensured that
States maintained effective procedures for ensuring consistency of proposed permits
and construction grants with approved State plans.
EPA worked with the U.S. Department of Agricultural (USDA) Rural Clean Water
Program to develop Best Management Practices for pest control and salinity problems.
The Agency also continued work with the USDA and North Carolina State University
in monitoring selected cost-sharing projects to determine the most cost-effective
agricultural BMPs. The EPA-Forest Service interagency agreement was renewed to
continue work on silviculture nonpoint source control implementation and a train-
ing program conducted for foresters and forest land owners.
The Agency issued its annual funding guidance on priorities for use of Sec-
tions 106, 205(j), and non-construction grants management 205(g) funds, reviewed
work programs submitted in grant applications, and negotiated use of the funds. A
total of $54,144,900 in Section 106 grants was awarded to State and interstate
water pollution control agencies. A total of $34,349,839 under Section 205(j) for
water quality management planning was obligated by the States.
WQ-44
-------
In 1983, this program also included resources to monitor and overview con-
struction grants activities delegated to the States and Corps of Engineers. In
1984 and 1985 these resources are included under the Municipal Waste Treatment
Construction program element. With these resources, the construction grants pro-
gram issued and implemented streamlined Section 205(g) regulations establishing
more flexible policies and procedures for delegating and improving oversight of
the program's administration. A baseline study was completed identifying EPA
functions, activities, and resources needed for managing a fully delegated program.
Additionally during 1983, EPA worked with the Corps of Engineers to assure
sound management of projects through the construction cycle and to provide assur-
ance that opportunities for waste, fraud, and mismanagement were minimized. In
accordance with negotiated and approved workplans, the Corps conducted precon-
struction reviews, managed construction activites Including interim and final
inspections, maintained on-site presence at large, complex projects, and provided
increased support in completing and closing out projects.
GREAT LAKES PROGRAM
1985 Program Request
The Agency is requesting a total of $2,528,300 supported by 15.0 total work-
years for this program in 1985, of which $841,100 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,687,200 for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation. This represents an increase of $41,100 in the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and a decrease of $2,210,100 in the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation from 1984. The increase results from an
Agency adjustment to reflect personnel costs. The decrease is due to the comple-
tion of Section 108(a) demonstration grants, a reduction in resources required for
the Atmospheric Deposition Network, and a reduction in resources required for
special studies such as the connecting channels study, for which work will continue
in 1985 using extramural funds obligated 1n 1984.
The Great Lakes National Program Office will continue to support the activi-
ties of the International Joint Commission. It will respond to information requests
and will provide technical assistance to Headquarters and the State Department on
official Canadian requests and notes concerning U.S. Great Lakes policies. Staff
support to the Water Quality Board and its committees will continue to ensure that
U.S. views and policies are adequately represented.
The program in 1985 will work on the Great Lakes monitoring plan as required
by Annex 11 of the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. Surveys of the Lakes will
be conducted in cooperation with State and Canadian agencies to determine the
annual variability of ambient phosphorus concentrations and the levels and trends
in metals and conventional pollutant parameters. A Great Lakes surveillance program
to detect toxic substances in Great Lakes fish and sediments will be conducted in
several tributaries and harbors. The results will be analyzed and reported to the
States for regulatory follow-up.
The results of the monitoring, including water, fish, and sediment data, will
provide the information necessary to assess compliance with Agreement objectives,
to evaluate effectiveness of control programs, and to identify emerging problems.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $4,697,300 supported by 15.0 workyears to
this program, of which $800,000 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$3,897,300 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
WQ-45
-------
The major focus of the program continues to be directed toward meeting the
U.S. commitments under the Agreement including the Supplement to Annex 3, Phos-
phorus, which was signed by the two countries on October 16, 1983.
Activities sponsored by the Commission to implement the Agreement are sup-
ported by the United States and Canada. Annual water quality surveys are being
conducted on Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Erie. Fish, sediment and air sampling
will continue to determine levels and trends of nutrients and toxicants affecting
Great Lakes water quality and to identify new substances which may pose a direct
threat to public health. Joint State, local, and other Federal agency efforts
will continue to develop plans for further phosphorus reductions in the Lower
Lakes. EPA and the States will continue the development of Actions Plans to
address remaining pollution problems in the 18 most significantly degraded areas
of the Lakes.
In 1984, a sampling network and strategy to monitor the trophic status of the
connecting channels will be designed and a study initiated. As part of this study,
a special investigation of the Detroit River will be initiated to address the major
public concerns related to contaminated fish and sediment.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $4,760,200 supported by 20.1 total work.years
for this program, of which $1,248,900 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $3,511,300 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1983, the National Program Office continued its lead role in coordinating
and implementing U.S. programs in fulfillment of the Agreement. Specific activi-
ties conducted in 1983 to ascertain ambient conditions included fish flesh analy-
ses from nearshore and open water locations; sediment surveys of suspected toxic
hot spots in tributary mouths; atmospheric deposition collections at 41 stations;
and mathematical modeling to determine transport, fate, and maximum allowable
loading of pollutants. Other accomplishments included a major ground-water contam-
ination investigation in the Niagara River Frontier in cooperation with New York
and other Federal offices as part of the Niagara Frontier Agenda.
The National Program Office also continued funding cooperative 108(a) grant
programs with State and local entities in 31 counties in Indiana, Michigan, Ohio,
and New York to demonstrate voluntary best management practices to further reduce
phosphorus loadings, particularly to Lakes Erie and Ontario.
Additional accomplishments included participation on six standing committees
and three new committees of the International Joint Commission. This provided
major program evaluations and new monitoring strategies to assess the effective-
ness of U.S. and Canadian control programs.
CHESAPEAKE BAY PROGRAM
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $10,000,000 supported by 5.0 total workyears for 19R6, an
increase of $5,750,000 from 1984. Included in this total is $750,000 for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $9,250,000 for extramural purposes under
the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, with increases of $500,000
WQ-46
-------
and $5,250,000, respectively. The increases represent an Agency initiative to
work with the States to implement control actions to restore Bay water quality.
The increase to Salaries and Expenses will maintain the program's data base. The
increase to Abatement, Control and Compliance funds cost-sharing grants for State
control activities as well as an increased emphasis on the Agency's own work in
modeling and monitoring.
The Agency is undertaking this initiative as an outgrowth of an Agreement
established December 9, 1983 by the Administrator and the Governors of Maryland,
Pennsylvania, Virginia, the Mayor of the District of Columbia, and the Chairman of
the Chesapeake Bay Commission. That agreement formally supports two Committees:
an Implementation Committee, consisting of senior staff, and an Executive Commit-
tee made up of the Governors, the District Mayor, and the Administrator.
Supporting those committees is the Chesapeake Bay Liaison Office in Annapolis,
Maryland, which will be staffed by a technical director and experts in monitoring
and modeling.' Additional technical and program support will be provided through
Region Ill's water program office.
The Agency will supply funds for matching grants to focus State point and
nonpoint source control efforts on critical sub-basins. These grants will be
targeted at reducing the loadings of nutrients and toxics. The grants will supple-
ment and enhance State efforts in establishing control programs. In addition,
public participation projects will receive grant awards. The efforts of National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS),
the Corps of Engineers, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture will be coordinated
through the Liaison Office.
Other activities of the Liaison Office will include complementing the tribu-
tary monitoring activities of the States by monitoring the Bay's mainstem; refining
the water quality models to assess the impact of alternative control options; and
maintaining the program's computer center, which stores the program's extensive data
base.
1984 Program
In 1984 the Agency is allocating $4,250,000 supported by 5.0 total workyears
to this program, of which $250,000 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $4,000,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
During 1984 the Agency completed and published the final reports of the
research program and is continuing to emphasize the Liaison Office's role in
coordinating the Bay cleanup effort. The program issued two final reports dis-
cussing research findings: "Chesapeake Bay: A Framework for Action" and "Chesapeake
Bay: Findings and Recommendations". The Agency also co-sponsored, and played
an important role in, the Chesapeake Bay Conference held in December 1983. The
Agency signed the Chesapeake Bay Agreement with the Bay States as an outcome of
the Conference.
The Liaison Office is providing oversight of the development of the July 1,
1984 implementation plans called for in the "Framework for Action" report. These
include plans for nutrient control, toxic control, and monitoring.
The program continues to maintain the data base and retrieve information for
use by the States and EPA.
The Liaison Office is also monitoring ambient samples at the Bay's mainstem
stations and conducting sediment and biological samples at selected stations. In
addition, the tributary monitoring efforts of the States, NOAA, and USGS are coor-
dinated through this Office. A water quality model task force was convened to
review available models, and make recommendations and initiate the development of
a model to more accurately reflect Bay conditions and dynamics.
WQ-47
-------
The program continues to support the Resource Users Management Team, a monthly
newsletter, and citizen participation at Management Committee meetings. Public
input on Bay Program findings and recommendations were also made known through the
Bay Conference.
The Agency is working with the States to provide financial support through
matching grants to address areas of concern such as nonpoint source control, toxic
control, and monitoring.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
During 1983 the Agency obligated $1,112,900 supported by 3.8 total workyears,
of which $216,900 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $896,000 was
for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
In 1983, the Chesapeake Bay Program completed the research phase of the
program. Key-documents were published and others were readied for printing. The
prime activity of the Program in 1983 was to shift focus from research to implemen-
tation. Extensive work went into producing the second and third of the Bay Program
Reports, "Chesapeake Bay: A Profile of Environmental Change" and "Chesapeake Bay:
A Framework for Action." The program's findings were carefully scrutinized by
the Management Committee, EPA, the States, and citizen groups. As a result of
these findings, a framework was developed, presenting a series of alternative
control plans for controlling nutrient and toxic loadings from point and nonpoint
sources. This framework served as the focal point for discussions at the Governors'
Conference and will also serve as the basis of the July 1, 1984 plans. These
plans, defining actions, roles, and responsibilities, will be the blueprint for
all future control actions.
WQ-48
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HATER QUALITY
Effluent Standards & Guidelines
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Effluent Standards and
Guidelines
Salaries and Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$5,189.0 $4,220.7 $4,617.6 $4,617.6
$10,607.4 $5,407.1 $11,937.1 $11,937.1
TOTAL $15,796.4 $9,627.8 $16,554.7 $16,554.7
TOTAL:
Salaries X Expenses $5,189.0 $4,220.7 $4,617.6 $4,617.6
Abatement Control and $10,607.4 $5,407.1 $11,937.1 $11,937.1
Compliance
Effluent Standards & TOTAL $15,796.4 $9,627.8 $16,554.7 $16,554.7
Guidelines
$4,077.3 -$540.3
$5,407.1 -$6,530.0
$9,484.4 -$7,070.3
$4,077.3 -$540.3
$5,407.1 -$6,530.0
$9,484.4 -$7,070.3
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Effluent Standards A
Guidelines
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
80.5
80.5
60.0
60.0
70.9
70.9
70.9
70.9
72.3
72.3
1.4
1.4
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Effluent Standards
Guidelines
TOTAL WORKYEARS
95.8
95.8
82.9
82.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
94.9
78.9 -16.0
78.9 -16.0
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WATER QUALITY
Effluent Standards and Guidelines
Budget Request
The Agency requests $9,484,400 supported by 78.9 total workyears for 1985, a
decrease of $7,070,300 and 16.0 permanent workyears from 1984. Included in this
total is $4,077,300 for Salaries and Expenses and $5,407,100 for Abatement, Control
and Compliance, with decreases of $540,300 and $6,530,000, respectively.
Program Description
Effluent Standards Guidelines -- This subactivity includes establishing efflu-
ent limitations for industries discharging directly to waterways and indirectly
through publicly owned treatment works (POTWs). Effluent standards and guidelines
are promulgated under the authority of Sections 301, 304, 306, 307, and 501 of
the Clean Water Act.
The Clean Water Act established a comprehensive program to "restore and main-
tain the .chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation's waters." This
program is a part of EPA's effort to implement this legislative mandate through the
issuance of effluent limitations, pretreatment standards, and new source perform-
ance standards for industrial point source dischargers. Through this program, the
Agency establishes a number of different kinds of effluent standards and guidelines
which are summarized below.
Best Available Technology Economically Achievable (BAT) limitations generally
represent the best existing performance 1n the industrial category or subcategory.
The Act establishes BAT as the principal national means of controlling the direct
discharge of toxics and nonconventional pollutants into navigable waters.
Best Conventional Pollutant Control Technology (BCT) limitations are based on
the "best conventional pollutant control technology" for discharges of conventional
pollutants from existing sources. Conventional pollutants include biochemical
oxygen demand, total suspended solids, fecal coliform, acidity (pH), and oil and
grease. BCT is not an additional limitation, but replaces BAT for the conventional
pol lutants.
New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) are based on the best available demon-
strated technology. New plants have the opportunity to install the best and most
efficient production processes and wastewater treatment technologies without the
retrofit problems experienced by existing plants.
Pretreatment Standards for Existing Sources (PSES) are designed to prevent the
discharge of polluants which pass through, interfere with, or are otherwise incom-
patible with the POTW's treatment process or chosen sludge-disposal method. The
similar regulation for new plants is Pretreatment Standards for New Sources (PSNS).
In developing each regulation, the Agency examines raw materials, industrial
processes, water usage, wastewater characteristics, and treatment technologies in
use or potentially applicable. The requirement for economic achievability has led
the Agency to conduct extensive studies of the financial and economic achievability
of regulatory options. These options are examined separately to determine the
potential for plant closures as well as such factors as impact on production
levels, return on investment, employment, industry size and concentration, foreign
trade, regional economics, and the economics of related industries.
WQ-50
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As a result of the 1976 Settlement Agreement between the NRDC and EPA and sub-
sequent revisions to the Act, the Act now requires the achievement by July 1, 1984
of effluent limitations requiring application of BCT for conventional pollutants
and classes of pollutants which Congress declared toxic under Section 307(a) of
the 1972 Act. Likewise, NSPS and pretreatment standards were redirected toward
toxic pollutant controls. In 1982, the Agency established a schedule for guide-
line proposals and promulgation with the Court and is meeting the schedule with a
few exceptions, so that all guidelines will be promulgated by 1985.
EFFLUENT STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,484,400 supported by 78.9 total workyears for
this program, of which $4,077,300 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $5,407,100 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This is a decrease of 16.0 workyears and $540,300 for Salaries and Expenses and
$6,530,000 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The decrease
reflects the Agency's progress in developing effluent standards and guidelines.
The program will provide engineering, economic, and statistical support to
post-promulgation negotiation, litigation, remand/repair, and petition review ef-
forts. These efforts are intended to defend the integrity of the guidelines. The
Agency reviews petitions filed by outside groups with the courts and attempts to
resolve issues out of court. Some are successfully resolved; others are liti-
gated, which may require the Agency to respond to court remands. The program will
also provide engineering, economic, and statistical support to Regional and State
permit writers and to industry (e.g., small businesses) through planned permit
workshops and small business oriented workshops. It is also expected that support
will be provided in the review of "fundamentally different factors" (PDF) variance
requests.
The program will promulgate effluent standards and guidelines for the remain-
ing four industries under the NRDC Settlement Agreement pursuant to revised court
schedules. Regulations or guidance will also be developed in several "reserved
subcategories" of previously regulated industries. These "reserved subcategories"
were not initially regulated because difficult engineering decisions required of
the Agency would have seriously delayed meeting the Settlement Agreement's revised
court schedules. Nonetheless, these issues must be resolved either through regula-
tion, guidance, or permitting assistance as several of these subcategories can
have a significant impact on final plant effluent discharges.
Industries not covered by the Settlement Agreement will be investigated to
determine the need for industry-wide guidance or regulation. Industries to be
investigated will include stripper gas wells, food industries, phosphates manu-
facturing, ferroalloy manufacturing, synthetic fuels, coal slurry pipelines, haz-
ardous waste treatment facilities, solvent reclaimers, transportation sources, and
hospitals. These industries have the potential for unregulated discharges of
toxic chemicals to waterways or POTWs. Guidance documents will be produced for four
industries excluded from national regulation under paragraph 8 of the modified
Settlement Agreement. In addition, effluent standards and guidelines for offshore
oil and gas drilling platforms, required pursuant to another Court Agreement, will
be promulgated.
A review program will be undertaken to fulfill the Agency's commitments to
review/revise effluent guidelines. Among those factors which bring about review
are changing process lines, significantly modified wastestreams, issues related to
the applicability of wastewater treatment technologies, and the current economic
status of the industries. In some cases, extensive data acquisition may be neces-
sary to update "old" data bases from the mid-1970s which are no longer representative
of the industry. In other cases, less extensive data acquisition efforts will be
undertaken.
WQ-51
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Environmental assessments will be prepared for Settlement Agreement and Non-
Settlement Agreement industrial facilities to support regulatory and guidance
development activities. Computer files will be expanded and refined to assist the
Agency in projecting where use impairments may occur post-BAT. Risk assessments
will be conducted for several pollutants.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $16,554,700 supported by 94.9
total workyears for this program, including $4,617,600 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $11,937,100 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. The 1984 allocation includes $6,926,900, supported by 12.0 total workyears,
appropriated as a result of the President's amended budget request, which provided
for acceleration of the program during 1984. Extramural funds are being used for
engineering investigation, sampling support, and support for litigation and remand
work.
In 1984, the program has promulgated regulations for two categories; will pro-
pose three Settlement Agreement and other standards and guidelines (including oil
and gas covered under a separate Settlement Agreement); and anticipates promulgating
five more guidelines. Intensive standards and guidelines development work is
underway in the offshore oil and gas production, nonferrous metals (phase II),
nonferrous metals forming, plastics molding and forming, pesticides, and organic
chemicals and plastics and synthetic fibers industrial categories.
The program expects to review 21 petitions concerning regulations that were
promulgated in 1983 and 1984. Post-promulgation activities are underway in three
industries and negotiated agreements are being attempted. Remand/repair work is
expected in other industrial categories. Permit workshops are being conducted in
the Regions on rules promulgated in mid- to late-calendar year 1983 and in 1984.
Detailed PDF variances and PDF-type analyses are expected for several facility
groupings, notably steam electric generating facilities and pulp and paper mills.
The program is assisting Regional permit authorities in reviewing applications
submitted pursuant to Section 301(m) of the Act, which provides two pulp and
paper mills in California with the opportunity to obtain waivers from BPT/BCT and
Section 403 effluent limitations.
Environmental assessments are completed for Phase I and some Phase II indus-
tries, and, in particular, for paragraph 8 decisions, which exclude some industrial
categories and subcategories from national regulation. Information will be added
to the Reach File for use in national and Regional assessments, such as determining
areas which may need post-BAT controls. Detailed risk assessments will be conducted
for paragraph 4(c) toxic pollutants.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $15,796,400 supported by 95.8 total
workyears for this program, of which $5,189,000 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $10,607,400 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation.
The program published proposed regulations establishing national effluent
limitations and standards for the 13 following industries: Aluminum Forming; Battery
Manufacturing; Coil Coating (Phase II) (Canmaking); Copper Forming; Electrical and
Electronic Components (Phase II); Foundries (Metal Molding and Casting); Inorganic
WQ-52
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Chemicals (Phase II); Nonferrous Metals (Phase I); Organic Chemicals and Plastics
and Synthetic Fibers; Pesticides Manufacturing; Pesticides Manufacturing (Analytical
Methods); Pharmaceuticals Manufacturing; and Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard (PCB
limitations). The Agency also proposed revisions to the BCT costing methodology.
The program also promulgated regulations establishing national effluent limi-
tations and standards for the following eleven industries: Aluminum Forming; Coil
Coating (Phase I); Copper Forming; Electrical and Electronic Components (Phase I);
Leather Tanning and Finishing; Metal Finishing; Ore Mining; Pharmaceutical Manu-
facturing; Porcelain Enameling; Pulp, Paper, and Paperboard; and Steam-Electric
Generating Plants.
In a series of 14 workshops for EPA Regional and State permit writers, the
Agency provided assistance in analyzing and interpreting information on the treat-
ability of toxic compounds, conventional pollutant cost tests, control of toxic
pollutants not covered by national regulation, controls for facilities that include
manufacturing processes not covered by national effluent limitations and standards,
and the bases and uses of the categorical standards.
Eleven of the BAT/PSES/NSPS/PSNS regulations issued under the Consent Decree
have been involved in litigation. Petitions against two categories were voluntarily
withdrawn and negotiated settlements have been reached for three categories. The
Steam Electric case was voluntarily dismissed based upon the Agency's agreeing to
provide guidance to all EPA Regions and the Timber petition was dismissed after
EPA amended the NSPS applicability. Negotiations involving industry and NRDC are
currently underway for Petroleum Refining and negotiations between industry and
the Agency are continuing for Leather Tanning. More recently, petitions have been
filed to review regulations for two categories (Copper Forming and Metal Finishing).
By and large the petitions for review have raised technical issues posed by the
regulations.
The BPT Electroplating pretreatment standards originally issued under Para-
graph 13 of the Consent Decree were also challenged in the Third Circuit. On
September 20, 1983, the Court upheld these standards in their entirety. The Ford
Motor Company and General Motors are still pursuing a challenge to EPA's denial of
a petition to amend the compliance deadline for "integrated facilities.
WQ-53
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WATER QUALITY
Grants Assistance Program
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Clean Lakes Program
Abatement Control and $3,000.0 $5,000.0 $5,000.0 $2,500.0 -$2,500.0
Compliance
TOTAL $3,000.0 $5,000.0 $5,000.0 $2,500.0 -$2,500.0
Control Agency Resource
Supplementation
(Section 106)
Abatement Control and $54,144.9 $24,000.0 $54,200.0 $54,200.0 $54,200.0
Compliance
TOTAL $54,144.9 $24,000.0 $54,200.0 $54,200.0 $54,200.0
Training Grants
(Section 104)
Abatement Control and $195.0 $200.0 $200.0 -$200.0
Compliance
TOTAL $195.0 $200.0 $200.0 -$200.0
TOTAL:
Abatement Control and $57,339.9 $24,000.0 $59,400.0 $59,400.0 $56,700.0 -$2,700.0
Compliance
Grants Assistance TOTAL $57,339.9 $24,000.0 $59,400.0 $59,400.0 $56,700.0 -$2,700.0
Programs
-------
WATER QUALITY
Grants Assistance Programs
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $56,700,000 for grants under the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation, a decrease of $2,700,000 from 1984.
Program Description
Clean Lakes Program Section 314 of the Clean Water Act sets forth the
principal administrative and technical requirements for developing a national
program to enhance the quality of freshwater lakes. The Clean Lakes regulation in
February 1980 established an operational program of financial and technical assis-
tance to the States to assist them in implementing methods and procedures to
protect and restore the quality of their publicly owned fresh water lakes.
Control Agency Resource Supplementation (Section 106) Section 106 grants
supplement State resources for water pollution control programs. They are nego-
tiated annually with 50 States, 7 Territories, and 6 Interstate compact agencies.
Funds are directed to cover a wide range of water quality programs, including
permit issuance, enforcement, monitoring, construction grants management, water
quality planning and standards, wasteload allocations, nonpoint source control
program management, pretreatment, oil and hazardous materials spill response, and
other priority programs.
States also receive financial assistance for water quality program activities
under Sections 205(g) and 205(j) of the Clean Water Act as reserves from their
annual Construction Grants allotment under the Construction Grants appropriation.
Primary funding is provided under Section 205(g) for construction grants management
in delegated States and under Section 205(j) for water quality planning and stan-
dards activities.
Training Grants (Section 104) -"- Training assistance is provided to institu-
tions of higher education and other public or private agencies and institutions
to meet professional manpower needs.
CLEAN LAKES PROGRAM
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests $2,500,000 for grants under the Abatement, Con-
trol and Compliance appropriation for the Clean Lakes Program, a decrease of
$2,500,000 from 1984. The decrease reflects the completion of Federal funding of
several lake restoration projects. In 1985, the Agency will continue to provide
technical and financial assistance to the States for lake restoration projects.
Consistent with Congressional intent, the funds provided will be used to complete
existing projects which need additional Federal assistance to restore the water
quality of freshwater lakes.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating $5,000,000 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation for grants to complete existing implementation projects. The funds
provided will be used according to the intent of Congress so as to complete exist-
ing lake restoration projects. The Agency expects to award approximately 25
grants for improving conditions in publicly owned freshwater lakes.
WQ-55
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, $3,000,000 was obligated from the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation under the Clean Lakes Program to help complete 16 existing implemen-
tation projects. The funds provided were awarded according to the Congressional
criteria that only existing Clean Lakes.projects would be eligible for funding.
CONTROL AGENCY RESOURCE SUPPLEMENTATION (SECTION 106)
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests a total of $54,200,000 for Section 106 grants
under the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents the
same level as in 1984.
State program priority activities funded under Section 106 will continue to
emphasize primarily National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit-
ting, enforcement, and associated source and ambient monitoring. Delegated con-
struction grants management related activities will be funded under Section 205(g).
Water quality management planning including water quality standards reviews, waste-
load analyses, and program management for nonpoint source control and ground water
will be funded primarily under Section 205(j).
Assistance to the States in 1985 will emphasize issuance of industrial permits
for Best Available Technology (BAT) and municipal permits. Grants will continue
to stress issuing or reissuing major NPDES permits, reducing backlogs, improving
municipal compliance, and monitoring and standard setting to support permit activi-
ties. Over 900 major discharger permits will be issued or reissued by the States
and 4,200 compliance^inspections will be conducted. States will prepare over 200
intensive surveys to support permits""and standards decisions. ~
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $54,200,000 for Section 106 grants under
the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
State activities primarily funded under Section 106 will include National
Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permitting, ambient and source monitoring
of toxics and conventional pollutants, enforcement, and State programs administrat-
ion. Delegated construction grants management related activities will be funded
under Section 205(g). Water quality standards reviews, planning and associated
monitoring, and development programs for nonpoint source control and ground-water
management will be funded primarily under Section 205(j).
States will focus on reducing their NPDES permit backlogs, especially issu-
ance and reissuance of BAT permits, by targeting 106 grant dollars to this area.
Enforcement efforts also will be strengthened, with continued emphasis on municipal
facilities compliance. States will continue to use Section 106 funds for monitor-
ing essential to permits issuance and enforcement. States with critical nonpoint
source problems will use Section 106 funds to initiate control programs.
During 1984, three more State NPDES programs will be approved, bringing the
total to 38; the other States will continue to assist EPA in many aspects of permits
issuance. In addition, several States will be developing NPDES program modifica-
tions to assume pretreatment, Federal facility, and general permitting responsi-
bilities. Approximately 600 major discharger BAT permits, including toxics controls
WQ-56
-------
will be issued or reissued by the States. Nearly 4,300 compliance inspections
will be conducted, and the States will take increasing responsibility in compliance
activities. States will develop analytical capabilities to support increased
emphasis on water quality based permitting, toxics control, and requests for
variances, as well as strengthen their abilities to perform conventional pollutant
wasteload analyses for major permits. An estimated 19 States will use Section 106
grant funds to manage nonpoint source control activities.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, $54,144,900 was obligated for Section 106 grants under the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation. State activities funded under Section 106
included National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permitting, ambi-
ent and source monitoring of toxics and conventional pollutants, enforcement, oil
and hazardous materials spill response, nondelegated construction grants program
activities, water quality standards reviews, nonpoint source control programs
management, water quality planning, training, and State programs administration.
The States increased emphasis on NPDES permitting, especially major permit
reissuance and BAT permits. Thirty five States had approved NPDES programs, an
increase of three in 1983. States issued and reissued more than 6,500 permits,
including 300 major permits. Enforcement efforts were also increased. National
reorientation of EPA water programs which emphasized a water quality based approach
was reflected in 1983 State workplans for water quality standards reviews which
incorporated use attainability and site specific criteria considerations. Overall
monitoring costs were reduced by more effective focusing of resources on priority
program needs. Section 106 support to nondelegated construction grants program
activities was decreased significantly because of increased construction grant
delegation. _ _
Approximately 300 major discharger permits were issued or reissued by the
States, including permits for BAT and toxics; over 4,000 compliance inspections
were conducted. State NPDES programs were modified to include pretreatment pro-
grams, and Federal facilities permitting, bringing to 15 the total number of States
with full assumption. Thirty three States were operating biological monitoring
programs during 1983; essentially all States had developed capabilities to perform
conventional pollutant wasteload analyses for major permits. Fifteen States used
Section 106 grants to manage nonpoint source control activities.
TRAINING GRANTS (SECTION 104)
1985 Program Request
No funds are requested for these grants in 1985. The Agency believes that
sufficient interest and opportunities exist for people to enter environmental
professions without Federal support.
1984 Program
A Congressional add-on of $200,000 in Abatement, Control and Compliance is
being used to support environmental fellowships at 27 universities.
WQ-57
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $195,000 under the Abatement, Control and Com-
pliance appropriation for training grants. These funds were used to support 63
environmental fellowships at 27 universities.
WQ-58
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Strategies Implementation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
CJl
vo
Dredge and Fi11
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$2,169.9 $2,303.3 $2,379.6 $2,192.1
$481.1 $344.9 $344.9 $344.9
TOTAL $2,651.0 $2,648.2 $2,724.5 $2,537.0
Ocean Disposal Permits
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$1,374.2 $1,793.2 $1,655.0 $1,627.5
$2,343.2 $2,203.2 $2,203.2 $2,203.2
TOTAL $3,717.4 $3,996.4 $3,858.2 $3,830.7
Environmental Emergency
Response & Prevention
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$2,340.0 $2,939.6 $2,896.7 $2,839.5
$1,593.0 $1,832.0 $1,940.0 $1,940.0
TOTAL $3,933.0 $4,771.6 $4,836.7 $4,779.5
Standards 4 Regulations
Salaries A Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$2,570.0 $3,853.9 $3,586.5 $3,540.5
$339.2 $865.3 $865.3 $865.3
TOTAL $2,909.2 $4,719.2 $4,451.8 $4,405.8
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Water Quality
Strategies
Implementation
$8,454.1 $10,890.0 $10,517.8 $10,199.6
$4,756.5 $5,245.4 $5,353.4 $5,353.4
TOTAL $13,210.6 $16,135.4 $15,871.2 $15,553.0
$2,539.3
$240.9
$1,729.1
$2,438.2
$3,027.0
$1,840.0
$4,867.0
$4,280.1
$2,865.3
$347.2
-$104.0
$2,780.2 $243.2
$101.6
$235.0
$4,167.3 $336.6
$187.5
-$100.0
$87.5
$739.6
$2,000.0
$7,145.4 $2,739.6
$11,575.5 $1,375.9
$7,384.4 $2,031.0
$18,959.9 $3,406.9
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Strategies Implementation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Dredge and Fi 1 1
Ocean Disposal Permits
Environmental Emergency
Response & Prevention
Standards & Regulations
£1
"£ TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
o
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Dredge and Fill
Ocean Disposal Permits
Environmental Emergency
Response & Prevention
Standards 8 Regulations
TOTAL WORKYEARS
54.7
28.8
52.6
56.0
192.1
58.6
34.0
58.0
67.3
217.9
52.3
31.4
62.6
75.9
222.2
54.7
39.5
68.1
90.1
252.4
56.0
31.4
62.6
75.9
225.9
58.8
39.5
68.1
90.1
256.5
56.0
31.4
62.6
75.9
225.9
58.8
39.5
68.1
90.1
256.5
60.8
35.4
62.6
89.7
248.5
63.8
39.5
68.1
99.2
270.6
4.8
4.0
13.8
22.6
5.0
9.1
14.1
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Strategies Implementation
Budget Request
The Agency requests $18,959,900 supported by 270.6 total workyears for 1985,
an increase of $3,406,900 and 14.1 total workyears from 1984. This request in-
cludes $11,575,500 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $7,384,400 for
extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Program Description
Dredge and Fill -- In 1985, the focus of the Section 404 Program will be on
identifying the most significant problems in wetlands and other aquatic systems and
on improving the scientific and administrative methods for dealing with those prob-
lems. Headquarters will develop guidance and revise regulations and procedures
to ensure sound, effective, and consistent methods to identify and address the most
significant environmental problems. The Regions will review and comment on permit
applications; elevate permits, when necessary, to higher levels of management; and
establish jurisdictional boundaries to ensure a strong, efficient, and consistent
program. Regions will also strengthen efforts to transfer the Section 404 Program
to interested and qualified States.
Ocean Disposal Permits The ocean disposal program includes the regulation
of ocean disposal by outfalls and dumping and incineration at sea, designation of
disposal sites, development of ocean disposal policies, and participation in inter-
agency programs that deal with the development and protection of ocean resources.
The Agency's ocean disposal programs are authorized by the Marine Protection, Re-
search and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA) of 1972 and the Clean Water Act, as amended, and
are consistent with the mandatory provisions of the current Convention on Prevention
of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter, known as the London
Dumping Convention.
To carry out ocean disposal permitting functions, the Administrator of EPA is
authorized to regulate the disposition of all materials except dredged material,
which is regulated by the Corps of Engineers. MPRSA prohibits the transportation
and dumping in ocean water of chemical, biological, and radiological warfare agents
and high level radioactive materials. EPA has statutory responsibility for desig-
nating all ocean dumping sites, including those for dredged material.
Environmental Emergency Response and Prevention The objective of this pro-
gram is to protect public welfare, property owners, and the environment from the
hazards associated with accidental releases of oil and other petroleum products to
navigable waters of the United States, as mandated by Section 311 of the Clean Water
Act. The Agency shares responsibility for this program with the United States
Coast Guard, which addresses those incidents in coastal areas and the Great Lakes.
Standards and Regulations This program includes development and publication
of water quality criteria and standards regulations, and related guidance pursuant
to Sections 303, 304(a), 307(a) and 405 of the Clean Water Act. EPA publishes
guidance on criteria for water quality, based on the latest scientific knowledge on
the kind and extent of all identifiable effects of conventional and toxic pollutants
on human health and aquatic life. Criteria documents are also provided for sediment
and sludge. Protocols are developed to provide scientific and technical guidance
to States on methods for developing criteria which reflect site-specific conditions.
EPA provides assistance to the States in applying these protocols. Assistance in
the development and review of State water quality standards is provided to ensure
that attainable uses and appropriate criteria are established. This program also
includes Clean Lakes grants management.
WQ-61
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DREDGE AND FILL
1985 Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,780,200 supported by 63.8 total workyears for
this program, of which $2,539,300 1s for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $240,900 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This re-
presents an increase of $347,200 supported by 5.0 workyears in the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and a decrease of $104,000 in the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. The increase in Salaries and Expenses funds five addi-
tional workyears and an Agency adjustment for personnel costs. The decrease in
Abatement, Control and Compliance reflects reduced support for State program
development grants.
The major focus of the Headquarters program will be to develop a system for
identifying the most significant problems involving wetlands and other aquatic
areas, and to improve scientific and administrative methods of addressing them.
The Regions will resolve over 500 problem permits and will initiate action to
address the most significant environmental problems (for example, the loss of
bottomland hardwood wetlands). Through increased guidance and assistance, as well
as continued management of program development grants, the Regions will also
strengthen efforts to transfer the Section 404 Program to the States and ensure
general permits are environmentally sound.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,537,000 supported by 58.8
total workyears to this program, of which $2,192,100 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $344,900 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. In 1984, Headquarters will develop a national Section 404 Program
Strategy, revise the Section 404 State Program regulations, and develop stronger
and more effective Memoranda of Agreement with other Federal agencies. Regions
will resolve approximately 450 problems on over 9,000 Section 404 permits reviewed,
ensure general permits are soundly developed, continue to work with States on
Section 404 program assumption, and exercise authorities to prevent unacceptable
discharges of dredged and fill material.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$187,500 results from the following action:
-Reprogramrning. (-$187,500) A reprogramming was made moving all non-program
specific "support1 type expense dollars into the Regional support program element.
This reprogramming to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$187,500, was included in a
reprogramnring letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,651,000 supported by 58.6 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,169,900 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $481,100 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. The major emphasis in Headquarters was evaluating the environmental effec-
tiveness of alternative methods of achieving regulatory reform of the Section 404
Program. Regional efforts focused on resolving 450 problems on 10,000 dredge and
fill permits reviewed, ensuring environmentally sound general permits, and managing
grants for State program development.
WQ-62
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OCEAN DISPOSAL PERMITS
1985 Program Request
In 1985 the Agency requests $4,167,300 supported by 39.5 total worky.ears for
this program, of which $1,729,100 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$2,438,200 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This is an
increase of $101,600 for Salaries and Expenses and $235,000 for Abatement, Control
and Compliance. The increase is for conducting field surveys and developing addi-
tional environmental assessments of dredged material disposal sites for designation.
In 1985, the program will promulgate the revisions to the ocean dumping regu-
lation and criteria which will provide for balancing the environmental effects of
ocean disposal methods while meeting specific environmental criteria contained in
the statute. Regulations will be promulgated for the control and monitoring of
incineration-at-sea activities.
The Agency will review, process, and issue special permits for ocean disposal.
This activity will include evaluating and characterizing waste samples on a case-
by-case basis. EPA will review dredged material disposal permits and evaluate
requests by the Corps of Engineers for waivers.
In the area of site designation and monitoring, the program will conduct
approximately nine surveys of interim and existing ocean disposal sites for site
designation purposes to determine the environmental impacts of dumping. All re-
maining environmental impact statements covered by the National Wildlife Federation
(NWF) Consent Decree will be completed. Approximately 10 environmental assessments
will be issued for dredged material disposal sites. Ocean disposal sites for
dredged material will be designated. Additional site management will be provided
to review and evaluate the Corps of Engineers' monitoring reports on dredged
material disposal sites. A final decision will be made on the continuation of the
12-mile site for sewage sludge disposal.
Work will continue on examining scientific parameters for the site selection
and designation process and assessment of permittee wastes. The Agency will
examine and field test predictive indices developed cooperation with the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration which measure environmental impacts to
determine the more relevant and applicable indices in regard to ocean dumping.
These indices will be refined for use in site designation and monitoring activities.
The Agency will continue to survey and monitor existing ocean incineration
sites, and will process additional applications for incineration-at-sea research
permits. Regulations for incineration at sea will be published in final form. An
environmental impact statement will be issued for a Pacific incineration site for
site designation purposes.
Finally, the program will issue guidance documents to provide a scientific
basis for assessing unreasonable degradation. The program will also issue an
Annual Report to Congress pursuant to Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries
Act.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $3,830,700 supported by 39.5 total workyears,
of which $1,627,500 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $2,203,200
is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The majority of the
extramural resources are for site surveys, development of environmental assess-
ments, and site designation.
EPA is proposing revisions to the ocean dumping regulations to implement the
1981 Court decision which ruled that the Agency must consider the comparative
risks of land- versus ocean-based disposal before precluding the use of the ocean
as a disposal medium.
WQ-63
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EPA is reviewing, processing, and issuing special permits for ocean disposal.
This includes evaluating and characterizing waste samples provided by facilities
applying for permits. The waste characteristics are being examined for suitability
for ocean disposal at existing sites on a case-by-case basis. The Agency is
reviewing dredged material disposal permits and evaluating requests by the Corps
of Engineers for waivers.
In the first quarter of 1984, the Agency has conducted eight monitoring sur-
veys of existing and interim designated ocean disposal sites. EPA expects to con-
duct up to 17 monitoring surveys throughout the remainder of 1984. Samples will be
collected and analyzed to determine and monitor the environmental impacts of waste
disposal at the designated ocean sites. Environmental Impact Statements are being
issued on ocean disposal sites as required under the NWF Consent Decree. Additional
site designation work will begin on interim designated dredged material disposal
sites not covered under the Consent Decree.
The Agency is preparing a technical evaluation on the application and inter-
pretation of bioaccumulation predictive assessment techniques and update the bio-
assay procedures reflecting new scientific and site-specific information.
The Agency expects to propose regulations for incineration at sea and will
review and respond to public comments on the proposal. A final determination will
be made on research permit applications for incineration of liquid chemical wastes
at sea. EPA will begin the preparation of an environmental impact statement of a
Pacific incineration site for site designation. Field surveys will continue to
be conducted on existing and potential incineration sites to monitor areas to verify
predictive models and assess the potential of long-term impacts of incineration
at sea.
The Agency will Issue program guidance to provide a scientific basis for
assessing unreasonable degradation. The Agency will also issue guidance to assist
Regions in designation and management of interim ocean disposal sites. The Agency
will issue the Annual Report to Congress pursuant to MPRSA.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$27,500 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$27,500) A reprogramming was made moving all non-program
speci fi c "support'type expense dollars into the Regional support program element.
This reprogramming to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$27,500, was included in a
reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, this program obligated $3,717,400 supported by 34.0 total workyears.
Of this amount, $1,374,200 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$2,343,200 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This included
support for surveys and ocean disposal sites, the development of court-ordered
environmental assessments, and site designation.
The Agency reviewed, processed, and issued 11 special permit applications for
ocean disposal and reviewed 80 Corps of Engineers dredged material disposal permits
for environmental considerations pursuant to MPRSA. During 1983, the Agency worked
with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Regions
to collect and analyze data related to ocean dumping, for use in designating suit-
able sites, and for monitoring existing sites. EPA initiated revisions of the ocean
dumping regulation in response to the 1981 Court decision.
WQ-64
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EPA produced 4 draft and 7 final environmental impact statements for dredged
material disposal sites as required by the Consent Decree. The Agency designated
two ocean disposal sites: the Tampa dredged material disposal site and the New
York Cellar Dirt Site.
The Agency initiated work on developing incineration-at-sea regulations. The
EPA made a tentative determination to issue permits for the incineration of liquid
chemical wastes at sea and held a public hearing. A field study was conducted on
the proposed incineration site in the North Atlantic and a public hearing was held.
EPA conducted monitoring studies and evaluated results of a second trial burn of
PCBs in the Gulf of Mexico.
ENVIRONMENTAL EMERGENCY RESPONSE AND PREVENTION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,867,000 supported by 68.1 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,027,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,840,000 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This reflects an increase of $187,500 and a decrease of $100,000
respectively. The increase in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation is based
on additional support costs during 1985. The decrease in the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation reflects the completion of training activities funded
in 1984. This training represented a one year effort and will not be required in
1985.
The Agency has a 24-hour-a-day capability to respond to notifications of
accidental spills or threat of releases. Federal removal is directed at major
incidents where the responsible party is unidentifiable, refuses to clean up, or
is incapable of providing timely and adequate removal and where the States and
local authorities lack the necessary expertise, equipment, or funding.
Spill notifications will be processed to determine what, if any, response is
required. The Federal government will direct response operations at 120 major
spills and will monitor on-scene at 400 removals conducted by responsible parties
or State and local authorities to ensure adequate response.
Federal regulations require the implementation of a Spill Prevention, Control,
and Counter-measure (SPCC) plan at oil storage facilities and transfer points that
could reasonably be expected to spill a significant amount of oil into the waters
of the United States. Regional staff, with assistance from contractor personnel,
conduct compliance inspections at selected non-transportation-related (NTR) facili-
ties included in the SPCC program, in an effort to reduce the frequency and volume
of releases that occur. An estimated 2,000 SPCC inspections will be conducted at
NTR facilities.
The Agency also maintains an Environmental Response Team (ERT) to provide
Regional and State personnel with response training and on-site technical and
operational assistance at complex emergency incidents. The ERT is staffed by
personnel with a high degree of expertise in the areas of spill control and removal,
spill sampling and analysis techniques, and damage assessments.
Regional response capability is augmented through the Technical Assistance
Team (TAT) contract. This contract provides contractor workyears to assist Regional
staff and the ERT in responding to Clean Water Act Section 311 spills and environ-
mental emergencies.
WQ-65
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1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,779,500 supported by 68.1
total workyears to this program, of which $2,839,500 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $1,940,000 is for extramural purposes under the Abate-
ment, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Headquarters will ensure overall management of the program and the Regions
will be responsible for managing response actions. The oil component of the ERT
will provide special engineering and technical advice at any unusually large or
complex spills. Regional personnel will be available on a 24-hour basis to respond
to the estimated 7,000 notifications received by the National Response Center of
accidental releases of oil and other petroleum products. The Agency will respond
on-scene at 400 removals undertaken by responsible parties or State and local
authorities and will direct removals at 120 major oil incidents. An estimated
2,000 SPCC inspections will be conducted at NTR facilities.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$57,200 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$57,200) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$80,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$137,200, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,933,00 supported by 58.0 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,340,000 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,593,000 was for extramural purposes under the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation. The Agency directed removals at 120 major
oil spills, responded on-scene at 400 non-Federally funded incidents, and conducted
over 1,700 SPCC inspections at NTR facilities. In addition, Regional offices
received and screened over 7,000 notifications of oil spill releases.
STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests a total of $7,145,400 supported by 99.2 total
workyears. This amount will include $4,280,100 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,865,300 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion, an increase of $739,600 and $2,000,000, respectively. The increase reflects
the Agency's emphasis on the development of sediment criteria, estuarine criteria,
aquatic toxicity criteria, and sludge criteria.
Water quality standards are the basis for establishing pollution abatement
efforts needed to maintain and enhance the ambient condition of the Nation's
waters. In 1985, the Agency will work with the States to implement the recently
promulgated standards regulation. A special emphasis will be made to work with the
States in adopting toxic criteria and to upgrade water body uses to fishable and
swimmable standards. The Agency will implement the final rule on water quality
standards and will field-test guidance to reflect the development of new or re-
fined procedures for setting water quality standards.
WQ-66
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These procedures cover the analyses of environmental factors affecting the
designated use of water bodies. The Agency will adapt, test, and validate addi-
tional protocols to develop site-specific criteria for water bodies, and will
assist the States in the use of these protocols. EPA will also review State-
initiated revisions to current water quality standards and assist the States in
resolving inconsistent or incompatible water quality standards on interstate and
international waters.
The Agency will accelerate the development of marine and estuarine criteria
using, to the extent possible, data available from freshwater studies. The Agency
will also move to implement the recommendations of the Sludge Task Force by devel-
oping sludge criteria for several pollutants. EPA will develop and field test
technical guidance to derive site-specific criteria and standards for estuaries and
marine waters. Assistance will be provided to the States to modify and adapt
freshwater protocols for use on marine waters.
Based on the options for sediment criteria development completed in 1984, a
scientific methodology will be developed, peer reviewed, and tested. Criteria
documents will be issued for toxic pollutants in sediments. The Agency will also
continue to examine and improve the scientific basis of the toxicity criteria
issued under Section 304(a) of the Clean Water Act, and develop specific criteria
to be used as a basis for modifying the Section 307(a) toxic pollutant list.
Field tests will be conducted on different types of wetlands using the envi-
ronmental criteria and improved toxicological testing procedures. A procedures
manual specific to a particular ecosystem will be developed to assist the States
and permit applicants. Guidance will be developed to assist Regional Offices and
States in resolving controversial jurisdictional Section 404 issues such as
bottomland hardwood wetlands and tundra.
The Agency will continue to provide overall management of the Clean Lakes
projects and assist States and local agencies in overseeing lake restoration pro-
ject funding.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,405,800 supported by 90.1
total workyears for this program, including $3,540,500 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $865,300 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Major accomplishments planned for 1984 include additional field testing on the use
of guidance on setting water quality standards, assistance to the States in applying
water body surveys and assessments, field validation of site-specific criteria
procedures, and development of water quality criteria for estuaries, marine waters,
and sediments.
The Agency promulgated a revised water quality standards regulation on Novem-
ber 8, 1983, to reaffirm EPA's commitment to using water quality standards as a
basis of achieving the goals of the Clean Water Act. The revised rule places a
much greater emphasis on the inclusion of criteria for toxic pollutants in State
standards and maintains a strong antidegradation policy for protection of high
quality water, existing instream uses, and waters constituting outstanding national
resources. The final rule also sets the "fishable and swimmable" goals of the Act
as the basis for all standards decisions and provides a mandatory policy for up-
grading all water bodies to that use classification where attainable.
Program objectives include assisting the Regions in reviewing State-adopted
standards, with an emphasis on the adoption of criteria for toxic pollutants and in
resolving questions of inconsistent or incompatible water quality standards on
interstate and international waters. Workshops will be held to provide technical
assistance to the States in conducting use attainability analyses and developing
WQ-67
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site-specific criteria. The Agency is continuing to work to develop criteria for
making recommendations on the toxicity of various pollutants on aquatic organisms,
and continues to improve the scientific basis of the criteria guidance. EPA will
work to develop marine criteria, particularly for dissolved oxygen, ammonia, and
other selected pollutants. EPA will propose appropriate revisions to the Section
404(b)(l) dredge and fill guidelines to comply with instructions from the Presi-
dential Task Force on Regulatory Relief.
The Agency continues to provide management of the Clean Lakes program,
reviewing and approving grant applications for the completion of existing lake
restoration projects, and maintains overview of existing Clean Lakes projects.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$46,000 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$46,000) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$10,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars Into the Regional support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$56,000, was included in a reprogramming letter
to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $2,909,200 supported by 67.3 total workyears.
Of this amount $2,570,000 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$339,200 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
A proposed water quality standards regulation was published and subjected to a
series of 11 public meetings involving over 1,000 people; in addition, over 1,400
written comments were analyzed and answered. The proposal was re-drafted several
times to accommodate public comments and in response to concerns raised by several
members of Congress. The guidance necessary to implement the regulation was issued
in draft and also subjected to public review and comment. The guidance includes
material on 11 subjects. The procedures for conducting use attainability analysis
were tested in nine States and summary reports issued. Site-specific criteria
development protocols were tested at 19 sites in 15 States and summary reports
prepared. Revised criteria were prepared for several pollutants including ammonia,
chlorine, and seven metals. The program assisted in the review of 23 State-adopted
standards and participated in three International Joint Commission meetings with
respect to criteria and standards, particularly on ammonia.
The Agency, in conjunction with the Department of the Army, considered revi-
sions to the Section 404(b)(l) Guidelines in response to the recommendations of the
Presidential Task Force on Regulatory Relief. The Agency coordinated referrals
pursuant to the Section 404(q) Memorandum of Agreement between Army and EPA. The
Agency also worked with the Army and the Regional Offices towards resolution of
major Clean Water Act jurisdictional issues.
WQ-68
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Monitoring & Analysis
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Water Quality
Monitoring & Analysis
Salaries & Expenses $7,847.7 $7,896.3 $9,167.8 $8,741.9 $9,090.5 $348.6
Abatement Control and $487.5 $595.1 $5,230.3 $5,171.2 $5,140.1 -$31.1
Compliance
TOTAL $8,335.2 $8,491.4 $14,398.1 $13,913.1 $14,230.6 $317.5
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $7,847.7 $7,896.3 $9,167.8 $8,741.9 $9,090.5 $348.6
Abatement Control and $487.5 $595.1 $5,230.3 $5,171.2 $5,140.1 -$31.1
Compliance
Water Quality TOTAL $8,335.2 $8,491.4 $14,398.1 $13,913.1 $14,230.6 $317.5
Monitoring & Analysis
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
7.1
7.1
Water Quality
Monitoring & Analysis
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Water Quality
Monitoring & Analysis
TOTAL WORKYEARS
145.1
145.1
185.6
185.6
134.3
134.3
173.9
173.9
156.1
156.1
198.4
198.4
156.1
156.1
198.4
198.4
163.2
163.2
198.4
198.4
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis
Budget Request
The Agency requests $14,230,600 supported by 198.4 total workyears for 1985,
an increase of $317,500 from 1984. This request includes $9,090,500 for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $5,140,100 for extramural purposes under
the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, including an increase of
$348,600 and a decrease of $31,100, respectively.
Program Description
Water Quality Monitoring and Analysis This program supports Headquarters
and Regional development of strategies, systems, and procedures used for water
quality monitoring and analysis, including biological, chemical, and physical
evaluations of water quality. Water quality monitoring is necessary for assessing
water quality status and trends, identifying water quality problems and their
causes, and determining cost-effective controls required to meet local water quality
objectives. Water quality sampling and analysis for these purposes are primarily
State activities, supported by EPA. Throughout, the program emphasizes the effec-
tive use of local, State and Federal resources for collecting, analyzing, and
interpreting monitoring data.
WATER QUALITY MONITORING AND ANALYSIS
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests a total of $14,230,600 supported by 198.4 total
workyears for this program, of which $9,090,500 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $5,140,100 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. This is an increase of $348,600 in Salaries and Expenses and a decrease
of $31,100 in Abatement, Control and Compliance. The increase in Salaries and
Expenses reflects increased personnel costs, a need to purchase additional labora-
tory equipment for the analysis of organic chemicals, such as dioxin, and for
biomonitoring. The decrease reflects a net reduction due to completion of the
majority of the field sampling for dioxin under the National Dioxin Study, offset
by an increase for development of biomonitoring guidance and field analytical
activities.
In an effort to control the discharge of toxic pollutants, the program will
conduct an intensive effort to provide technical guidance and assistance on bio-
monitoring. This will include the revision of existing and development of new
technical guidance on the application of bioassay tests for calculating in-stream
effects of design conditions. It will also include extending these methodologies
to estuarine/marine waters. Technical guidance on total maximum daily loads
(TMDLs) and wasteload allocations (WLAs) will be prepared to address the more
complex toxic pollutants, bioaccumulation factors, and selected innovative modeling
approaches.
The program will provide consultation and technical analysis assistance to
States for monitoring programs, for WLAs/TMDLs, and for direct field sampling and
laboratory analysis assistance for toxic pollutant samples. The program will
continue to review State WLAs/TMDLs, with special emphasis on areas where control
decisions are forthcoming. In the area of biomonitoring, the program will provide
guidance and assistance to States in the use of biomonitoring techniques as well
as directly assessing the chronic and acute toxicity of discharges permitted
under the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). This will
improve State and EPA capabilities to control toxic discharges by locating and
measuring the effects of pollution on aquatic life.
WQ-70
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The program will complete the development of a monitoring program strategy,
and begin working with States to implement it. This effort, which begins in 1984,
is designed to improve EPA's ability to assess water quality at the national level
and to improve State and EPA ability to collect the data needed to establish water
pollution controls and evaluate program effects.
The 1984 Section 305(b) report, based on improved environmental indicators,
will be prepared and sent to Congress in the first quarter of 1985. The program
will also issue guidance for the 1986 State reports. Further assessment of the
magnitude and impact of important pollution sources will take place. In addition,
the program will continue to assess the environmental benefits of regulatory
actions, as well as coordinate and evaluate EPA and State programs, and operate
and enhance the water quality information systems.
The program will implement the second year of the National Dioxin Study. This
effort includes sampling a representative number of hydrologic units to assess
dioxin build-up in bed sediments and native fish. It also includes intensive
surveys at a sample of manufacturing and pesticide use sites. Work will be carried
out primarily through EPA offices and contractor laboratories. Statistical support
will be provided throughout this effort. The program will also begin an evaluation
of exposure and risk from selected persistent and bioaccumulative pollutants other
than dioxins.
The program will continue to implement quality assurance (QA) efforts. This
includes overseeing State QA implementation as outlined in requirements for EPA
grants and participating in interlaboratory tests and audits, as well as reviews of
QA procedures. The States will also be provided with technical assistance as
necessary to ameliorate QA problems with new sampling and analyses techniques.
1984 Program !
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $13,913,100 supported by 198.4
total workyears for this program, of which $8,741,900 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $_5,1_7_1,200 i_s_ for the_ Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. ~ ~ ~~ "~ "~ "~~
The Agency is initiating a major effort to promote the use of biomonitoring
and technical guidance on TMDLs/WLAs as part of an integrated approach to control
the discharge of toxic pollutants. The Agency will be pilot testing technical
approaches, and collecting data to verify the validity of the approaches for con-
trolling actual in-stream consequences of the discharge of toxicity in effluents.
Interim technical guidance will be developed and issued. Regional Offices will
establish a base capability for performing biomonitoring, including conducting
bioassays and biological field surveys.
The program is continuing its development of technical guidance documents to
support the water quality-based approach (developed in concert with EPA Regional
Offices, other Federal agencies, States, and industry and environmental groups).
These documents include improved screening techniques for States to follow in
setting priorities, biomonitoring technical guidance, step-by-step user guidance
for TMDLs and WLA models, and quality assurance.
The program will complete a joint State/EPA project to develop improved re-
porting of State and national water quality status and trends. A joint State/EPA
report to the Congress will describe the extent to which streams, rivers, lakes,
and estuaries supported their designated uses in 1972 and 1982. The techniques
developed will be incorporated into future biennial Section 305(b) reports to the
Congress.
The program will initiate development of a monitoring program strategy through
the Agency's Monitoring Task Force of EPA and State representatives.
WQ-71
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The program is earring out the first year of the National Dioxin Study.
Activities include development of site sampling plans, and initiation of collection
and analysis of field samples.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$485,000 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$485,000) Several reprogrammings were made to this activity
which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. These
changes resulted in a net increase of +$125,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and a net decrease of -$59,100 to the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$550,900, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress.on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $8,335,200 supported by 185.6 total
workyears for this program, of which $7,847,700 was for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $487,500 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion.
In 1983, the program completed the initial Aquatic Life Survey, the first
systematic assessment of biological conditions in the nation's waters. This sur-
vey, along with the initiation of a joint State/EPA project to develop improved
reporting of water quality status and trends, will result in an improvement of the
Agency's ability to provide national assessments. The program pilot tested a
standardized reporting format in 10 States, and received final report submissions
from 49 States and 7 interstate_and territorial agencies. The program also issued
guidance to the States for p'reparing 1984'Section 305(b) reports to the Congress.
The program also developed the Agency's Dioxin Strategy (issued in December
1983). This multi-media strategy is based on a preliminary assessment of sources
and environmental pathways, and includes a seven-tiered analytical approach. This
program element provides resources for the National Dioxin Study that covers tiers
3-7. (The first two tiers are covered under the Superfund program.) Tiers 1-6
focus on sites where dioxin is likely to occur in pesticides formulation or use,
disposal, and air emissions while Tier 7 is an analysis of background or control
conditions.
In addition, the program issued technical guidance for conducting TMDLs/WLAs,
focusing on conventional pollutants, and on techniques for applying model results
in NPDES permits.
WQ-72
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WATER QUALITY
Municipal Source Control
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Municipal Waste
Treatment Facility
Construction
Salaries 8 Expenses $16,662.6 $15,296.9 $20,989.6 $20,924.0 $21,850.1 $926.1
Abatement Control and $24,717.0 $2,054.4 $20,679.4 $20,679.4 $19,519.1 -$1,160.3
Compliance
TOTAL $41,379.6 $17,351.3 $41,669.0 $41,603.4 $41,369.2 -$234.2
Corps Of Engineers
Abatement Control and $16,000.0
Compliance
TOTAL $16,000.0
Waste Treatment
Operations &
Maintenance
Salaries & Expenses $1,262.2 $1,363.9 $1,450.5 $1,448.1 $1,536.4 $88.3
TOTAL $1,262.2 $1,363.9 $1,450.5 $1,448.1 $1,536.4 $88.3
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses $17,924.8 $16,660.8 $22,440.1 $22,372.1 $23,386.5 $1,014.4
Abatement Control and $24,717.0 $18,054.4 $20,679.4 $20,679.4 $19,519.1 -$1,160.3
Compliance
Municipal Source TOTAL $42,641.8 $34,715.2 $43,119.5 $43,051.5 $42,905.6 $145.9
Control
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.a
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Municipal Waste
Treatment Facility
Construction
Waste Treatment
Operations &
Maintenance
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
WATER QUALITY
Municipal Source Control
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
378.7 323.3 446.6 446.6
26.6 35.4 33.9 33.9
405.3 358.7 480.5 480.5
456.2
34.5
9.6
.6
490.7 10.2
Municipal Waste
Treatment Facility
Construction
Waste Treatment
Operations &
Maintenance
448.4 395.0 543.3 543.3
27.1
36.0 34.5 34.5
543.3
34.5
TOTAL WORKYEARS
475.5 431.0 577.8 577.8
577.R
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WATER QUALITY
Municipal Source Control
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $42,905,600 supported by 577.8 total work-
years for this subactivity, of which $23,386,500 will be under the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $19,519,100 will be under the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. This is an increase of $1,014,400 in Salaries and
Expenses, representing Agency adjustments to align personnel funding with antici-
pated needs and a net decrease of $1,160,300 in Abatement, Control and Compliance,
representing elimination of funds for operator training grants partially offset
by an increase in funding for an interagency agreement with the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers.
Program Description
This subactivity provides resources at Headquarters and in the Regions for
management of the Construction Grants program. For budgetary purposes, resources
devoted to managing the Construction Grants Program are divided into the following
components:
Municipal Waste Treatment Facility Construction This program includes most
of the day-to-day in-house management activities associated with the Construction
Grants program in Headquarters and the Regional Offices. Beginning in 1984 it also
includes construction grant management resources previously budgeted in the Water
Quality and Grants Management subactivity and resources associated with managing an
interagency agreement with the Corps of Engineers previously budgeted as a separate
program element. Through this agreement, the Corps provides a range of construc-
tion management and training activities.
Corps of Engineers This program covers a range of construction management
and related activities assigned to the Corps of Engineers under an interagency
agreement to assure the technical and fiscal integrity of wastewater treatment
project construction. It includes only the Abatement, Control and Compliance
resources supporting the agreement. These resources are combined with resources
in the Municipal Waste Treatment Facility Construction program beginning in 1984.
Waste Treatment Operations and Maintenance This program involves develop-
ment of State programs to ensure that Publicly Owned Wastewater Treatment Works
(POTWs) meet effluent requirements. It also provides construction grants program
support in implementing the Agency's National Municipal Policy.
MUNICIPAL WASTE TREATMENT FACILITY CONSTRUCTION
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests $41,369,200 supported by 543.3 total workyears
this program, including $21,850,100 under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $19,519,100 under the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The
$926,100 increase in Salaries and Expenses represents Agency adjustments to align
personnel costs with anticipated needs. The net decrease of $1,160,300 in Abate-
ment, Control and Compliance represents elimination of the 1984 Congressional
add-on for operator training grants and an increase in new obligational authority
for the interagency agreement with the Corps of Engineers. The Agency is not
requesting 1985 funds for operator training, as States are conducting effective
on-site training programs using 1982-1984 Congressional add-on funds and are
responsible for developing self-sufficient State programs for ensuring improved
WQ-75
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operations and maintenance and continuing compliance. Corps expenditures in 1984
will total $21,476,400 including $16,000,000 in 1984 funds and $5,476,400 from
prior year funds; all available Corps funds will be depleted by the end of 1984,
resulting in no carryover into 1985 so that the requested $17,300,000 represents
total Corps expenditures for the year. This decrease of $4,176,400 in Corps funding
from 1984 reflects a reduced need for the Corps as the number of active projects
decreases and the States assume more responsibility for managing their programs.
With a proposed 1985 construction grants appropriation of $2,400,000,000, EPA
expects to award 650 grants resulting in 4,711 active projects at year's end.
Approximately 1,060 projects are expected to complete construction during the year.
We expect 51 States (including Puerto Rico) to have signed delegation agree-
ments by the end of 1985. Of this total,.38 States will be fully delegated (inclu-
ding assistance provided by the Corps of Engineers), an increase of 6 over 1984.
The Agency expects this level of delegation to continue essentially unchanged for
the near future. In 1985, States will provide 2,086 workyears or 68 percent of
the total program management staffing, the Corps of Engineers 13 percent, and EPA
19 percent.
With the resources in this program element, EPA will act primarily as 'overall
program manager with the States and the Corps performing most of the day-to-day
project management activities. EPA will continue to exercise remaining nondelegated
project management-related responsibilities in the States and territories.
EPA will work closely with the States to ensure orderly implementation of
statutory changes coming into effect in 1985. The 1984 Needs Survey will present
for the first time water quality and use improvements for each of 314 sub-basins
in meeting treatment needs. EPA will continue to work with States in refining
funding priority systems and lists and in documenting water quality improvements
resulting from the construction grants program. EPA will also continue assisting
States in assuring grantee financial and management capability, preventing problem
projects, and identifying means to reduce costs of construction, operations, and
maintenance.
EPA will expand"efforts"to "provide "State and grantee assistance in selecting
appropriate conventional, secondary, advanced, alternative, or innovative techno-
logies; publish and actively disseminate materials on latest technological findings,
including sludge management; and expand design feedback efforts to help ensure
that engineers, States, and municipalities select the most appropriate, cost-
effective technologies. Program staff, in conjunction with other Agency programs,
will draft sludge management regulations including the minimum requirements for a
State sludge management program and provide technical guidance for State and local
officials on municipal sludge management. With Congressional consent, Headquarters
will delegate to qualified Regions and States the review of all proposed Advanced
Treatment (AT) projects, while maintaining necessary national oversight. EPA will
also assist States and grantees with implementing the secondary treatment regula-
tion which was revised in 1984.
The Corps of Engineers will continue to help EPA and the States ensure
project construction integrity; prevent project waste, fraud, or mismanagement; and
train program personnel. The $17,300,000 funding level will purchase 408 workyears
of effort and provide 13 percent of the total construction grants program staff.
The Corps will continue its traditional pre-construction and construction manage-
ment activities including conducting 996 biddability and constructability reviews
prior to construction award, performing monthly interim inspections on 1,248 proj-
ects, conducting final inspections on approximately 695 projects, managing 65
percent of active projects under construction, and maintaining on-site presence at
large complex projects. Additionally, the Corps will assist EPA in implementing
recent initiatives to ensure construction integrity. The Corps will help conduct
Program Management Conferences with all new grantees to provide detailed guidance
on grant and construction management techniques, and will conduct Construction
Management Evaluations jointly with EPA and the States to assess construction
quality and identify potential problems on selected projects.
WQ-76
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to
The Administration is expected to propose to Congress in 1985 its recommen-
dations on the future of the construction grants program, including appropriate
Federal and non-Federal roles. In accordance with the Agency's oversight policy
staff will continue working with the States in refining oversight systems and
approaches which recognize Federal and State roles and responsibilities while
maintaining Federal accountability for national goals. EPA and State program
managers will determine annual program priorities, negotiate commitments, and
monitor annual accomplishments. Agency personnel will provide feedback and assist-
ance based upon annual evaluations. These efforts will provide essential links to
ensure that Federal and State objectives, program priorities, and funds are meeting
national program objectives through the most cost-effective approaches.
i
1984 Program ]
\
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $41,603,400 supported by 543.3 total work-
years for this program, including $20,924,000 under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $20,679,400 under the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. ';
With a 1984 construction grants appropriation of $2,430,000,000 EPA expects
to award 726 construction grants resulting in 6,328 active projects at year's end.
Approximately 885 projects are expected to complete construction during the year.
We expect 32 of the 50 delegated States to assume full responsibility for
managing the program, an increase of 3 over 1983. States are expected to commit
2,083 workyears or 65 percent of the total construction grants management staffing
in 1984. The Corps of Engineers will provide 17 percent of the total and EPA the
remaining 18 percent. !
In accordance with the 1981 Amendments, States are to have in 1984 water
quality based priority systems and lists which serve as the basis of funding
decisions. EPA will continue working with States in refining and revising these
lists and systems and developing measures for evaluating their water quality
effectiveness.
EPA will also work with States in implementing the financial and management
capability policy, issuing guidance, conducting ten workshops on how to perform
a financial capability analysis, identifying potential problem projects for cor-
rective action, and helping States and grantees plan for and establish sound
operations and maintenance, user charge, and financial management systems.
EPA is placing increased emphasis on ensuring that States, grantees, and
consultants are provided continuing information and support concerning selection
of appropriate secondary, advanced, innovative/alternative (I/A), and traditional
technologies. A program will be initiated to ensure that information on success-
ful/unsuccessful technologies is made known. Guidance will be issued on delegating
I/A responsibilities to the States. An Advanced Treatment effectiveness evaluation
will be completed leading to technological and policy recommendations. The Agency's
AT policy will be published providing for a consistent national approach in reviewing
AT projects; an AT Technical Handbook will also be published summarizing the find-
ings of Headquarters AT reviews since 1979 and providing a framework for conducting
such reviews. EPA will promulgate the final Construction Grants program regulation
and issue a revised regulation expanding the secondary treatment definition. EPA
will also issue final guidance on, review applications received, and obligate 1983
and 1984 Congressional add-on funds for Marine Combined Sewer Overflow projects.
Regions will review 167 AT projects, referring those with over $3 million in
incremental costs to Headquarters for final review and approval. EPA will develop
guidelines for future delegation of all AT project review to Regions or States
which demonstrate the knowledge and capability to conduct such reviews.
WQ-77
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In 1984, 885 projects will be physically completed and 865 closed out. With
assistance from the Corps of Engineers, a program of Program Management Conferences
will be initiated with all new grantees to ensure adequate record keeping, grant
management, and construction management practices; emphasis will be placed on
completing or terminating Step 1 and 2 grants (planning and designrendered
ineligible for direct grant funding under the 1981 Amendments) and initiating
construction expeditiously; the Agency's Construction Management Evaluation program
will be expanded; and efforts will be made to reduce the volume of claims. The
Corps will also perform 1,270 biddability and constructability reviews, manage
58% of active projects under construction, perform interim inspections on 1,229
projects, conduct 610 final inspections, and maintain on-site presence at large
complex projects.
A major study will be completed examining alternative approaches for Federal
and non-Federal financial involvement in municipal wastewater treatment which may
lead to legislative proposals for Title II reauthorization. Additionally, with
the $2,625,000 Congressional add-on for operator training the Agency will continue
to make grants to States and other organizations for on-site assistance to operators
in noncomplying small facilities.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$65,600 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$65,600) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$40,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$25,600, was included in a reprogramming letter
to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
Obligations for management of the Construction Grants program in 1983 totaled
$41,379,600 and 448.4 total workyears, of which $16,662,600 was for Salaries and
Expenses and $24,717,000 was for extramural activities under the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation.
EPA awarded 809 step 3 (construction) and step 2+3 awards and obligated
$3,193,777,000 (net) under the construction grants program, resulting in a total
of 8,085 active projects at year end. Approximately 1,125 step 3 and step 2+3
projects completed construction during the year, and by year's end a total of approx-
imately 3,550 P.L. 92-500 treatment plants were completed and on-line.
During 1983, four additional States accepted initial Section 205(g) delega-
tion, bringing to 50 the total number of delegated jurisdictions49 States and
Puerto Rico. With support from the Corps of Engineers, 29 States are considered
fully delegated, an increase of 9 over 1982.
EPA provided assistance to States in targeting funds to meet highest priority
water quality and public health needs; ensuring that projects are technologically
appropriate and within the financial capability of the communities served; comple-
ting and closing out projects expeditiously; meeting obligation and outlay projec-
tions; and managing delegated activities. EPA is also ensured that appropriate
Advanced Treatment funding decisions were made, maintained involvement in projects
with overriding Federal interest, and exercised nondelegated project management
responsibilities.
WQ-78
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In response to the 1981 Amendments, EPA provided guidance to States in
revising their priority systems to ensure water quality based funding decisions.
The 1982 Needs Survey was published documenting the impact of the 1981 Amendments,
including an addendum which estimated costs for controlling marine CSO discharges.
The Agency completed a national financial capability policy requiring applicants
to demonstrate financial and management capability to construct, operate and main-
tain proposed treatment works prior to receiving a construction grant.
The Agency continued to encourage use of innovative and alternative treat-
ment technologies. Through 1983, awards. totaling $295 million have been made to
1,400 facilities for innovative and alternative technology implementation. 178 of
these have been completed and are operational. Information on promising techno-
logies was published to help consulting engineers, grantees, and reviewing agencies.
EPA Headquarters continued to review proposed AT projects with incremental
costs above $3 million. Including the 13 projects acted upon in 1983, these
reviews have saved $834 million in construction costs plus substantial annual
operations and maintenance cost savings. Additionally, EPA conducted 30 detailed
reviews of proposed new phased/segmented projects to ensure appropriate funding
decisions. .
Early in 1983, the Agency published streamlined final Section 301(h) regu-
lations in response to the 1981 Amendments along with advisory monitoring and
technical support documents. A total of .137 new waiver requests were received by
December 29, 1982 in response to the amended deadline, thus producing a total of
207 waiver requests. During the year the Agency made 40 tentative and 12 final
decisions. Decisions to date have resulted in cost savings of $848 million due to
projected reduced treatment costs.
During 1983, 1,125 projects completed construction and 942 projects were
closed out. EPA published Standard Operating Procedures for the Corps to follow
in performing interim construction inspections and guidance on expanded use of
Construction Management Evaluations (CMEs) for all new projects. The Corps of
Engineers also assisted EPA and States in the prevention of waste, fraud, and
mismanagement through on-site presence at all large facilities, preconstruction
conferences with"new'~grantees,"more" frequent interim 'inspections,' and responses
to allegations or evidence of problems identified to the program.
Consolidated program guidance was updated to be published with the final
construction grants regulation. The Agency published a final regulation on
delegated State management which streamlined program requirements and defined
further EPA and State responsibilities related to oversight, evaluation, and
planning.
In response to Congressional directives to focus training funds on alleviating
noncompliance problems in Federally funded municipal plants, EPA awarded $2,425,000
from the 1983 Congressional add-on to fund States for on-site operator training
programs, primarily for small facillities. These funds provided assistance to 380
facilities in 35 States. The remaining $200,000 was used to conduct a national
program evaluation and to provide State data for use in a mandatory report to
Congress.
CORPS OF ENGINEERS
1985 Program Request
Resources for this program are now shown in the Municipal Waste Treatment
Facility Construction program element under which the Agency is requesting a total
of $17,300,000 for the Corps, an increase of $1,300,000 over 1984.
WQ-79
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1984 Program
Beginning in 1984, resources for this program are in the Municipal Waste
Treatment Facility Construction program element. In 1984, $16,000,000 is being
allocated for the Corps.
1983 Accomplishments
The $20,187,400 obligated under Abatement, Control, and Compliance for the
interagency agreement purchased 544 workyears of support to EPA and States in
ensuring technical and fiscal integrity of construction projects.
The Corps performed 1,265 biddability and constructability reviews to assure
that designs were technically adequate prior to construction contract award,
managed 62 percent of active projects under construction, performed interim inspec-
tions on 1,340 projects, and performed 748 final inspections. Continuing on-site
presence also was maintained at large, complex projects to minimize potential for
waste, fraud, and mismanagement. The Corps provided significant support to State and
EPA efforts to eliminate backlogs through handling change orders, making payments,
resolving project deficiencies, and assisting States with other related needs.
WASTE TREATMENT OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests $1,536,400 supported by 34.5 total workyears under
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents a level program. The
$88,300 increase in Salaries and Expenses represents Agency adjustments to align
personnel funding with anticipated needs.
The impact of the performance certification requirements contained in the
1981 Amendments will begin to be felt significantly in 1985. EPA will work with
States in implementing procedures for engineering firms to supervise first year
plant operation and personnel training. Supporting implementation of the National
Municipal Compliance Policy, operations and maintenance staff will also evaluate
municipal compliance plans submitted for current and proposed facilities, provide
assistance in development of composite correction plans, and provide technical
support to formal and informal enforcement actions by Agency and delegated State
enforcement staff. Additionally, EPA will manage remaining active State operator
training grants, provide on-site assistance and operations and maintenance training
to operators in noncomplying plants, monitor and evaluate State operator training
programs, and prepare a followup Report to Congress including a multi-year plan
for ensuring effective, self-sufficient State training programs.
1984 Program
In 1984 the Agency is allocating $1,448,100 supported by 34.5 total workyears
for this activity under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Implementing provisions of the 1981 Amendments, EPA will issue guidance for
implementing grantee certification of plant performance following the first year
of operation including recommended corrective actions. EPA will also assist States
and grantees in performing plant diagnostic inspections to identify potential
problems related to operations and maintenance. Additionally, program staff will
manage $9 million of 1982, 1983, and 1984 grants (funded under the Municipal Waste
Treatment Facility Construction program) added by Congress to provide on-site
training for resolving operations and maintenance problems that prevent plant
compliance in small communities and will evaluate State programs. EPA will also
submit to Congress an initial report on the use and impact of operator training
funds in remedying compliance problems and a preliminary action plan for ensuring
effective, self-sufficient State operator training programs.
WQ-80
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$2,400 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$2,400) A reprogramming was made moving all non-program
specific "support1 type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element.
The Salaries and Expenses reprogramming above, totaling -$2,400, was included in a
reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $1,262,200 supported by 27.1 total workyears
under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. EPA began preparing for the new
performance certification requirements mandated in the 1981 Amendments by clari-
fying responsibilities between EPA and State agencies in their implementation and
by developing program guidance. EPA also assisted States and grantees in developing
and maintaining effective operations and maintenance programs; assisted in the
development of the Agency's National Municipal Compliance strategy to ensure im-
proved performance and compliance by municipal facilities; and managed operator
training grants in 35 States to support on-site training designed to improve small
facility compliance.
WQ-81
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Enforcement
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
WATER QUALITY
ENFORCEMENT
Water Qua! ity Enforcement WQ-83
Water Quality Permit Issuance WQ-87
WQ-82
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Water Quality
Enforcement
Salaries & Expenses $13,412.0 $13,383.8 $13,558.9 $13,181.6 $14,368.2 $1,186.6
Abatement Control and $252.1 $203.6 $199.1 $204.6 $1,347.4 $1,142.8
Compliance
TOTAL $13,664.1 $13,587.4 $13,758.0 $13,386.2 $15,715.6 $2,329.4
TOTAL:
-o Salaries & Expenses $13,412.0 $13,383.8 $13,558.9 $13,181.6 $14,368.2 $1,186.6
oo Abatement Control and $252.1 $203.6 $199.1 $204.6 $1,347.4 $1,142.8
Compliance
Water Quality TOTAL $13,664.1 $13,587.4 $13,758.0 $13,386.2 $15,715.6 $2,329.4
Enforcement
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Water Quality 329.0 313.2 313.2 313.2 334.8 21.6
Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 329.0 313.2 313.2 313.2 334.8 21.6
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Water Quality 366.8 352.9 352.8 352.8 370.8 18.0
Enforcement
TOTAL WORKYEARS 366.8 352.9 352.8 352.8 370.8 18.0
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $15,715,600 and 370.8 total workyears for
1985, an increase of $2,329,400 and 18.0 workyears from 1984. Included in the
total is $14,368,200 for Salaries and Expenses and $1,347,400 for Abatement,
Control and Compliance, an increase of $1,186,600 and of $1,142,800 respectively.
The program includes both Headquarters and Regional resources.
Program Description ,
Mater Quality Enforcement -- The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) Enforcement Program monitors compliance, initiates administrative
enforcement actions, and provides technical support for enforcement litigation
against violators of NPDES permit conditions. This subactivity covers compliance
monitoring, inspections, compliance strategy development, administrative enforce-
ment remedies and technical support for judicial enforcement actions.
Major functions of this program include identification of noncompliers,
initiation of informal actions to secure compliance, and negotiation leading to
administrative enforcement actions. Where informal negotiations and administrative
enforcement actions do not achieve compliance, cases will be forwarded for judicial
action. ;
In addition to the NPDES portion of the Water Quality Enforcement Program,
administrative and technical support is provided for the issuance of administrative
enforcement actions against violations of the Spill Prevention Control and Counter-
measure Plan requirements. Referrals are made to the U.S. Coast Guard for civil
penalty assessment for oil and hazardous substance spill violations (Section 311(b)
(6)(A)) in waters where EPA has jurisdiction, and inspection support is provided
for enforcement againstjM 1egal dredge and fi11 activities (Section 404).
WATER QUALITY ENFORCEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $15,715,600 supported by 370.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $14,368,200 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,347,400 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. This is an increase of $1,186,600 and $1,142,800, respectively.
The increase of 18.0 workyears and $1,186,600 in the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation for this activity from 1984 to 1985 is for additional resources to support
the municipal compliance and pretreatment enforcement initiatives of the program.
The increase of $1,142,800 in Abatement, Control and Compliance will provide tech-
nical support for municipal and pretreatment compliance activities.
Two major initiatives will be emphasized in 1985. One initiative will focus
on continued implementation of the National Municipal Policy (NMP) to ensure that
POTWs not in compliance with CWA requirements have developed and are implementing
plans to comply with all applicable requirements of the Act. EPA will continue
to develop compliance schedules (in non-NPDES States) for noncomplying POTWs that
receive EPA funds for needed construction; major noncomplying POTWs that will not
receive construction grant support; one-half of the minor noncomplying POTWs that
will not receive construction grant support; major noncomplying constructed POTWs;
and one-half of the minor, noncomplying, constructed POTWs.
WQ-84 .
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The second initiative will be to take appropriate enforcement measures to
assure implementation of the national pretreatment compliance strategy. EPA in-
tends to ensure implementation of the program in cities where neither the State
nor the city has an approved pretreatment program and will enforce pretreatment
requirements in cities which have failed to implement approved pretreatment pro-
grams.
Along with these two initiatives, EPA will continue its basic program with
vigorous compliance monitoring, enforcement of EPA-issued permits, and support
of approved State programs. These efforts will focus on ensuring compliance by
major industrial permitees, Federally funded POTWs, and other permitees where
noncompliance threatens public health or water quality objectives. EPA will
continue to rely upon increased use of less resource-intensive Compliance Eval-
uation Inspections (CEIs) to obtain maximum coverage with available resources.
Total inspections will decrease slightly (5 percent) to approximately 1,951.
The issuance of administrative orders and notices of violation will increase
with priority emphasis on municipal compliance and pretreatment enforcement as
discussed above.
Support for non-NPDES enforcement will include inspections to verify compli-
ance with Section 404 dredge or fill requirements and to determine jurisdiction
under Section 404, penalty assessments for spills of oil and hazardous materials,
and SPCC enforcement.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $13,386,200 supported by 352.8 total
workyears to this program, of which $13,181,600 is for Salaries and Expenses and
$204,600 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. During 1984,
the program continues to emphasize achieving an improved rate of municipal and
industrial compliance while working to promote cooperation among Headquarters,
Regional Offices, and State agencies. In 1984 the National Municipal Policy will
be finalized and Regions and States_will submit Municipal Strategies. Initial AO
actions will be taken by' Regions and States against completed plants violating
their limits as specified in State strategies.
The compliance program is encouraging the development of greater State tech-
nical expertise and will encourage States to assume more of the compliance monitor-
ing activities. A revised strategy for the compliance inspection program is being
developed. A neutral inspection scheme, to satisfy the judicial requirement for
objective random selection of candidates for compliance inspections, has been
implemented. An estimated 2,052 compliance inspections will be conducted by EPA.
Quality assurance will continue to be emphasized as an important part of the
program.
Approximately 695 administrative orders and notices of violations will be
issued for violations of NPDES requirements. Non-NPDES administrative enforcement
activities are expected to result in approximately 452 actions under the Spill
Prevention, Control, and Countermeasures program, 770 oil and hazardous substances
spill referrals to the U.S. Coast Guard, and 93 dredge and fill compliance inspect-
ions.
Support will be provided to help NPDES States develop their enforcement man-
agement systems and maintain their data systems. The Permits Compliance ADP System
(PCS), used by both States and Regions, will be maintained and upgraded. Increased
State direct use of PCS and link-up between existing States systems and PCS will be
encouraged.
WQ-85
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$371,800 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$371,800) A reprogramming was made to this activity
which was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This
change resulted in a net increase of +$5,500 to the Abatement, Control and Com-
pliance appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$377,300, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983 the Agency obligated a total of $13,664,100 supported by 366.8 total
workyears for this program, including $13,412,000 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $252,100 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Contract resources were used to meet ADP information needs, provide technical
and legal case support, and conduct monitoring and inspection training. During
1983, the activities supporting enforcement actions in emergency situations involv-
ing substantial threats to public health and safety received the highest program
priority.
The national permit compliance rate for publicly owned treatment works (POTWs)
in 1983 was 88 percent for major municipal dischargers on final effluent limits.
The national permit compliance rate for industrial and other nonmunicipal dis-
chargers in 1983 was 91 percent for major; permits.
Regional Offices .conducted approximately 1,994 compliance inspections and
issued 50 Notices of Violations and 781 Administrative Orders. In States without
approved NPDES programs,_EPA reviewed major dischargers' self-monitoring reports.
Technical support was" provided for "the "development of '44 civil" cases "which were
referred to Headquarters for review.
Enforcement of Section 311 oil and hazardous substance spill requirements
consisted of 516 referrals to the U.S Coast Guard for assessment of civil penalties
and 207 administrative actions for violations of Spill Prevention Control and
Countermeasure plan requirements.
Enforcement of Section 404 provisions focused on identifying illegal dis-
charges of dredge and fill material. Three administrative actions were taken.
WQ-86
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WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Permit Issuance
PROGRAM
ACTUAL BUDGET
1983 ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL
REQUEST
1984
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Permit Issuance
Salaries & Expenses $7,612.2 $8,659.1 $10,743.8 $10,482.9 $12,629.5 $2 146 6
Abatement Control and $4,174.2 $4,741.1 $4,686.3 $4,686.3 $4,161.3 -$525.0
Compliance
TOTAL $11,786.4 $13,400.2 $15,430.1 $15,169.2 $16,790.8 $1,621.6
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $7,612.2 $8,659.1 $10,743.8 $10,482.9 $12,629.5 $2,146.6
Abatement Control and $4,174.2 $4,741.1 $4,686.3 $4,686.3 $4,161.3 -$525.0
Compliance
Water Quality Permit TOTAL $11,786.4 $13,400.2 $15,430.1 $15,169.2 $16,790.8 $1,621.6
Issuance
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Permit Issuance
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Permit Issuance
TOTAL WORKYEARS
176.0
176.0
207.7
207.7
187.5
187.5
233.1
233.1
250.7
250.7
302.4
302.4
250.7
250.7
302.4
302.4
288.6
288.6
340.9
340.9
37.9
37.9
38.5
38.5
-------
WATER QUALITY
Water Quality Permit Issuance
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $16,790,800 supported by 340.9 total workyears
for 1985. This represents an increase of $1,621,600 and 38.5 workyears from 1984.
Included in the request is $12,629,500 for Salaries and Expenses and $4,161,300
for Abatement, Control and Compliance, representing an increase of $2,146,600
and a decrease of $525,000, respectively. This program includes both Headquarters
and Regional resources.
Program Description :
Water Quality Permit Issuance -- The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System (NPDES) permit program is a comprehensive legislative mandate in the Clean
Water Act (CWA) to reduce or eliminate point source pollution from industrial,
municipal, commercial, and agricultural dischargers. The Act prohibits the dis-
charge of pollutants into all waters of the United States unless a permit is issued
by EPA or an EPA-approved State program. A primary function of the permit program
is the encouragement of State assumption of responsibility for the NPDES program.
At present, 35 States and one Territory have approved NPDES programs.
Controlling discharges of priority pollutants including toxics is the major
emphasis of the NPDES permit program. Direct discharges of these pollutants into
navigable waters are controlled by the inclusion of Best Available Technology (BAT)
limitations into industrial permits. Indirect discharges of priority pollutants,
i.e., industrial discharges to Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs), are control-
led through the pretreatment program. Municipalities have primary responsibility
for enforcing national pretreatment requirements. EPA and the 19 approved States
with authority for pretreatment are responsible for assuring POTW pretreatment
program development and implementation.
Another important "function" of "the" NPDES "program" is ""to provide technical
support for evidentiary hearings held on the terms and conditions of permits and to
review requests for several types of variances from permit effluent limitations.
EPA must also evaluate requests for extension of BAT compliance deadlines where
innovative pollution control technologies are to be demonstrated. EPA conducts
non-adversarial panel hearings for municipalities which have requested marine dis-
charge modifications under Section 301(h) of the CWA. Non-adversarial panel hear-
ings are also used to resolve appeals to conditions in NPDES permits issued the
first time for a facility, as well as in decisions on variances requested by direct
dischargers.
WATER QUALITY PERMIT ISSUANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $16,790,800 supported by 340.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $12,629,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $4,161,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. The increase from 1984 of $2,146,600 in Salaries and Expenses is
primarily for the costs of an additional 38.5 workyears. These additional workyears
are necessary for EPA to eliminate its major permit backlog by the end of 1985, to
support implementation of pretreatment programs, and to assist delegated States
in reducing their permit backlogs. The decrease of $525,000 in Abatement, Control
WQ-88
-------
and Compliance includes $200,000 due to a reduced need for pretreatment technical
support for POTW program approvals and $325,000 in funds for tentative Section
301(h) waiver determinations because of Tower costs for each waiver review action.
In order to meet the goal of eliminating the backlog of major permits to
be issued by the Agency by the end of 1985, priority will be given to issuance of
major industrial permits. The water quality-based permitting initiative begun in
1984 will continue, emphasizing permit issuance in water quality impacted areas;
priority will also be given to issuing permits for which best available technol-
ogy guidelines have been promulgated. Emphasis will also be given to issuance of
major municipal permits. During 1985, 450 major industrial and 300 major municipal
permits will be issued.
During 1985, increased emphasis will be given to modifying permits to incor-
porate appropriate revisions to discharge limitations or other permit conditions.
For example, permits will be modified as appropriate to reflect results of bio-
monitoring data collection concerning toxicity.
Continued emphasis will be given to developing and issuing general permits,
including outer continental shelf general permits (for discharges from drilling
rigs). Wherever possible, general permits will be issued to categories of facili-
ties in order to reduce the backlog of expired permits and to ensure control of
pollutants from facilities which might otherwise remain unpermitted.
In 1985, there will be many requests for fundamentally different factor (PDF),
Section 301(g) water quality, and Section 301(c) economic variances. Additionally,
EPA expects requests for extensions of BAT compliance deadlines where innovative
pollution control technologies are to be demonstrated. Evaluation and review of
such variance and deadline extension requests will continue.
EPA will continue to review Section 301(h) marine discharge waiver requests
from POTWs. This Regional responsibility is technically complex and the sole
responsibility of EPA, even in approved NPDES States. Contractor support ($1.7
million) is provided for technical reviews of Section 301(h) applications and
followup monitoring after waiver decisions are made.
During 1985, requests for evidentiary hearings are expected to be granted on
about 25 percent of the major industrial permits issued. These granted requests
will be in addition to the requests that will carry over from 1984. An estimated
114 granted requests will be resolved in 1985; 108 will be resolved through nego-
tiation and six will require formal adjudicatory hearings. EPA experts in specific
industrial categories will assist in resolution of evidentiary hearing requests.
Emphasis will continue to be placed on assisting in the development and formal
approval of new State NPDES programs and necessary program modifications for assum-
ption of pretreatment and Federal facilities responsibilities. It is estimated that
during 1985 two States will receive full NPDES authority and 10 NPDES States will
receive program modification approval for pretreatment and/or Federal facilities
permitting. To a limited extent, EPA will be working with NPDES States to assist
in reducing the NPDES State permit backlog. Requests by NPDES States for permit
assistance are expected to increase as they focus on the more difficult, high
priority second round permits.
EPA will continue to review and approve local POTW pretreatment programs
during 1985 in States lacking approved pretreatment authority. It is assumed that
all 1,700 POTWs required to develop a pretreatment program, including some 700 POTWs
in approved pretreatment States, will have approved programs by the end of 1985.
EPA must also evaulate POTWs' requests to grant removal credits to indirect dis-
chargers' requests for categorical standard determinations and FDF variances. In
WQ-89
-------
addition, indirect dischargers are required to submit baseline monitoring reports
within six months from promulgation of categorical pretreatment standards. Base-
line monitoring reports provide the indirect dischargers' assessment of compliance
with the standards and, where necessary, a schedule for the facility to achieve
compliance with the standards. These reports will be reviewed by EPA, States, or
POTWs, depending on which is the primary pretreatment authority.
Promulgation of NPDES and pretreatment regulation revisions proposed in 1984
and responding to new litigation challenges will be a major regulatory focus in
1985. In addition, work on NPDES permit application forms will continue, including
final forms for new sources, existing industrial facilities, nonprocess industrial
dischargers, and POTWs.
In 1985, national NPDES program overview activities will include quality
review of selected permits, mid-year Regional and State program evaluations, review
of Memoranda of Understanding, review and assistance in correcting legally defi-
cient State programs, assistance in the development and review of State permitting
strategies for industrial and municipal facilities, and evaluations of approved
POTW and State pretreatment programs.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $15,169,200 supported by 302.4
total workyears to the Permits Issuance program, of which $10,482,900 is for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $4,686,300 is for the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation.
In 1984, emphasis will continue to be placed on issuing "second round" major
industrial permits in water use impaired areas and where BAT guidelines have been
promulgated. Approximately 385 major industrial permits will be issued by EPA in
non-approved States. Modifying major industrial permits to reflect biomonitoring
results will also be a priority in 1984. A new water quality-based permitting
initiative will begin in 1984 with the issuance of an Agency policy and a technical
support document. Emphasis will continue to be given to issuing general permits,
including outer continental shelf general permits.
During 1984, added emphasis will be given to reducing the backlog of expired
municipal permits and to modifying municipal permits to reflect Section 301(h)
waivers and revisions to secondary treatment standards. Priority lists will be
developed for municipal permits to be issued during 1984. The Agency will issue
201 major municipal permits.
As effluent guidelines are promulgated, the number of requests from industries
for PDF, Section 301(c) and Section 301(g) variances will increase. Evaluation
and review of such variances will continue into 1985 and beyond.
During 1984, requests for evidentiary hearings will be granted on about 30 per-
cent of the major industrial permits issued. These granted requests will be in
addition to the granted requests that will carry over from 1983. An estimated 136
granted requests will be resolved in 1984; 130 will be resolved through negotiation
and six will require formal adjudicatory hearings.
During 1984, two States will receive full NPDES authority and eight NPDES
States will receive program modification approval for Federal facilities permitting
and/or pretreatment. EPA will be working with NPDES States which request EPA
assistance in developing permits, especially where effluent limitations guidelines
are not available.
During 1984 the Regions will assist POTWs in the development of local pretreat-
ment programs. Approximately 1,700 POTWs are required to develop pretreatment
programs, of which 1,100 are in States not now approved to administer the pretreat-
ment program. About 170 of the 1,100 programs were approved by EPA in 1983, and
WQ-90
-------
another 300 to 400 should be approved by EPA during 1984. In addition, EPA will
initiate program reviews at POTWs with approved programs to assure satisfactory
implementation of pretreatment programs. EPA will begin to review requests for
removal credits, review industrial baseline monitoring reports, and make categor-
ical determinations for industrial users.
During 1984, emphasis will be given to approval or denial of Section 301(h)
marine discharge waivers consistent with the large increase in applications follow-
ing the December 1981 CWA amendments. EPA will evaluate 20 applications for marine
discharge waivers during 1984.
In 1984, EPA will promulgate final rules concluding rulemaking initiated by
the settlement of NPDES issues with industry litigants. An NPDES regulatory reform
package has also been drafted and should be proposed in 1984. During 1984, EPA is
continuing work on the development of new, shorter NPDES application forms and the
revision of existing forms based on litigation. The removal credits portion of the
pretreament regulations will be promulgated in 1984.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$260,900 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$260,900) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$65,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$195,900, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.'
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the-Agency-obUgated a-total--of $1-1:,786,400 supported by 207.7 total
workyears for this program, including $7,612,200 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, and $4,174,200 for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropria-
tion.
In 1983, EPA issued a total of 506 major and 1,694 minor permits. Of these
2,200 permits, 1,738 were industrial (381 majors), and 462 were municipal (125
majors). Other activities included promoting and approving State NPDES program
assumption and program modification approvals, assisting in the development and
approval of local pretreatment programs, and regulatory reform.
In 1983, emphasis was placed on the issuance of major industrial permits based
on the "second round" industrial permit strategy. In addition, a new water quality-
based permitting initiative began with the drafting of an Agency policy and a
technical support document. Five field studies were conducted on complex, multiple
discharge sites, and training seminars were held for EPA and the States.
Currently, 35 States and one Territory have approved NPDES programs and are
issuing permits. One State was approved for full program administration during
1983. In addition, four previously approved NPDES States received pretreatment
authority, and two received Federal facility authorization. This brings the total
to 19 approved States with pretreatment authority and 25 approved States with
Federal facility permitting authority.
WQ-91
-------
In 1983, the Regions and the States increased their emphasis on issuing gen-
eral permits. Six final general permits issued in 1983 authorize discharges from
3,000 facilities, eighteen proposed general permits cover 3,500 facilities,, and
15 draft permits will cover an additional 21,000 facilities. The first general
permit issued covering a particular category of discharge is used as a "model" for
similar general permits issued in other geographical areas.
In 1983, EPA increased its pretreatment program activity. Pretreatment liti-
gation was settled and categorical standards were promulgated. Local pretreatment
programs were reviewed and 170 POTW pretreatment programs were approved by EPA by
the end of 1983. Finally, over 1,000 additional Regional and State POTWs submitted
initial portions of their programs for review.
WQ-92
-------
DRINKING
WATER
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
DRINKING WATER DW-1
RESEARCH 8 DEVELOPMENT
Drinking Water Research DW-8
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Drinking Water Criteria, Standards & Guidelines DW-23
Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance DW-28
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants DW-29
Underground Injection Control Program Grants DW-31
Special Studies & Demonstrations DW-32
Trai ni ng DW-33
Drinking Water Management DW-34
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance DW-36
Underground Injection Control Program DW-39
ENFORCEMENT
Drinking Water Enforcement DW-42
DW-1
-------
APPROPRIATION
DRINKING MATER
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL
REQUEST
1984
ESTIMATE
1985
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Com pi iance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Drinking Water
$21,786.5 $24,554.5 $24,816.9 $24,140.2
$39,620.6 $29,893.4 $40,145.4 $40,165.4
$14,104.5 $11,908.0 $14,408.0 $14,408.0
$75,511.6 $66,355.9 $79,370.3 $78,713.6
$26,431.8 $2,291.6
$39,495.4 -$670.0
$13,347.3 -$1,060.7
$79,274.5 $560.9
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
446.6 465.1 472.9 472.9 508.0 35.1
522.8 560.8 568.5 568.5 591.5 23.0
$85,040.0 $73,568.0 $79,935.9 $80,012.1 $81,028.2 $1,016.1
Authorization for the Safe Drinking Water Act expired September 30, 1982.
Reauthorizetion pending.
-------
DRINKING WATER
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974 (SDWA) charged EPA with the responsibility
of ensuring that the Nation's water supplies are free from contamination which may
pose a risk to human health. In carrying out this mandate, EPA is required to set
standards for contaminants and to assure compliance among public water systems.
The Agency is also required to protect underground sources of drinking water from
contamination due to underground injection practices. Although EPA is required to
establish minimum national requirements for these programs, the Act clearly intended
that the States (and Territories) would assume primary enforcement responsibility,
primacy, for implementing these programs. In the event a State does not choose to
accept primacy, and on Indian Lands for which the States do not have civil jurisdic-
tion, EPA must implement and enforce the regulatory requirements directly.
Over the past years, the Agency worked closely with the States in promoting
primary enforcement responsibility for the Public Water Systems Supervision (PWS)
program. This effort resulted in delegations to 51 States and Territories. One
additional State, South Dakota, has achieved primacy in 1984. The Regional Offices
are continuing to work closely with Pennsylvania and Indiana in anticipation of
program delegations in 1985.
The Underground Injection Control (UIC) program is designed to protect under-
ground sources of drinking water from contamination by unsafe injection practices.
The Agency's priority has been to delegate the UIC program to the States. Early
in 1983, the Agency began to develop a rulemaking package to establish programs
for States which have made clear their lack of interest in primacy. Under a consent
decree stemming from a lawsuit by the National Wildlife Federation, these regula-
tions are to be promulgated by the end of March 1984. In addition, a second rule-
making package to cover additional direct implementation States is to be proposed
by May 1984 and promulgated by October 1984. Therefore, by the beginning of 1985,
all jurisdictions (with the exception of certain Indian lands) will have operational
UIC programs. _
REVISE CURRENT HEALTH PROTECTION STANDARDS
The Public Water Systems Supervision program is currently operating under the
National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations. Generally, these regulations
codified the historical health standards that reflect the prevailing norms of
treatment technology. The SDWA required EPA to revise these interim regulations
based upon a determination made by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) or some
other independent scientific group. These revisions were to establish numbers
which express health goals and identify the level at which "no known or anticipated
adverse effects on the health of persons occur and which allows an adequate margin
of safety." These levels are called "recommended maximum contaminant levels" or
RMCLs. In order to make an accurate assessment of the health risk, EPA must as-
semble and analyze all the available toxicological data and establish the level of
approximate human exposure from drinking water. The latter requires EPA to conduct
surveys of drinking water quality to establish a profile of contaminant occurrence
nationwide.
From this information EPA is required to establish RMCLs after formal notice
of proposed rulemaking and public review. An enforceable maximum contaminant
level, or MCL, is derived from the health goal (the RMCL value) taking into account
the feasibility and cost of treatment by the water supply. If it is not feasible
to measure a contaminant at the utility level, EPA can consider setting treatment
requirements to reduce the level of the undesirable contaminants. The enforceable
regulation is established in the framework of a Regulatory Impact Analysis, where
the benefits in terms of the level of risk reduction are analyzed in relation to
DW-3
-------
the financial burden imposed. To make the ultimate regulatory decision, EPA must
assemble and consider data on the performance and cost of both treatment and moni-
toring technology. Because the task is complex, EPA is developing the Revised
National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) in four phases.
Phase I of the Revised NPDWR addresses presently unregulated volatile organic
contaminants which occur widely and often at high concentrations. The Agency
published the Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANPRM) for Phase I in March
1982, and expects to propose RMCLs, the health goals, in early 1984 and to simul-
taneously promulgate the RMCLs and propose the MCLs, the enforceable standards,
in late 1984. Promulgation of final MCLs is scheduled by Fall 1985.
Phase II will address inorganic chemicals, pesticides, and microbiological
contaminants, including a reconsideration of the existing standards. The ANPRM for
Phase II was published on October 5, 1983, and we anticipate proposal of the Phase
II RMCLs in late 1984 followed by proposal and promulgation of the MCLs in late
1985 and mid-1986, respectively. As a separate part of Phase II, the Agency will
propose regulations for fluoride (in response to a petition by the State of South
Carolina) based upon findings of the Surgeon General.
We are in the early stages of Phase IIIrevising the regulations for radio-
nuclides, which will cover both natural and man-made radioactivity. The Agency
published the ANPRM in October 1983 and anticipates proposal of RMCLs in late 1985.
Phase IV will review the existing trihalomethane regulations and address the
broader issues of the respective health risks of alternative disinfectants and
additional organic chemical by-products of disinfection. Once the full revision
process is complete, the SDWA requires an ongoing assessment of emerging contaminant
threats, with a formal review of standing regulations every three years.
To assist States in managing instances of drinking water contamination not
covered by existing regulations, the Agency prepares health advisories. These
advisories are proving helpful to States in managing serious incidents of ground-
water contamination until additional standards become available. Although not
enforceable standards, they contain a summary of the best scientific evidence on
the relative toxicity of a contaminant, together with any available information
on sources, detection and measurement methods, and treatment to neutralize or
remove it. Furthermore, they are being used by other environmental programs for
evaluation of contaminants found in ground waters in the vicinity of hazardous
waste sites.
The Office of Research and Development provides direct input into the regula-
tory development process by providing current data on the toxicity of chemicals
of concern. The program also pursues longer term research to provide a more accurate
basis for future regulatory decision making. A major effort will be to develop and
apply less costly methods to establish the toxicological potential of contaminants
at low dosages and in combinations. Efforts to understand the health effects of
disinfectant by-products will be expanded. Research will continue to provide
assessments of treatment effectiveness and feasibility to support the development
of drinking water regulations.
IMPROVE COMPLIANCE WITH APPLICABLE STANDARDS
Compliance rates with the PWS program requirements have greatly improved since
the Agency first compiled annual reports for 1978. However, data indicates that
small systems represent the largest percentage of violations. In an effort to
correct compliance problems, the Agency and the States developed a series of guid-
ance documents including a compliance policy for public water systems. This policy
is aimed at full compliance with MCL and monitoring requirements, which will be
achieved by identifying problems, evaluating health risks, realistically developing
alternatives, and moving toward compliance. The States or EPA will develop State-
specific strategies for bringing systems into compliance, recognizing the differing
circumstances among the States. The strategies will rank violations based on public
DW-4
-------
health threats and set priorities for followup actions to provide for the appro-
priate enforcement actions based upon the ranking schemes. Finally, the policy
provides for data verification to assure that the data being used by the States
and EPA is an accurate indicator of the water quality and the program's progress.
The Research and Development program contributes towards this effort by study-
ing and providing data on cost-effective treatment technology for small systems
and providing a quality assurance program for laboratory certification. Research
will be expanded on the problem of maintaining microbiological water quality in
distribution systems after treatment. Research will continue on identifying and
solving problems which corrosion may pose to drinking water quality.
MAXIMIZE UIC DELEGATIONS AND IMPLEMENT FEDERAL PROGRAMS
During 1983, the UIC program emphasized primacy delegations to States. At the
end of 1983, we had approved UIC programs covering 19 States (12 full and 7 partial)
out of a total of 57 States and Territories. This is a slower rate of delegation
than was anticipated earlier, due to the need to negotiate necessary changes in
State applications. The work done with the States in 1983 is expected to bear
fruit in 1984 in the form of a larger number of delegations. By the end of 1984,
we expect to have approved a cumulative total of 28 full and 8 partial State pro-
grams.
In 1984, the Agency is also preparing to implement the UIC program in those
States which have not assumed primacy. We expect to promulgate programs for the
first batch of direct implementation States in March and to operate programs in
these States during the second half of 1984. In response to a suit by the National
Wildlife Federation, the Agency has committed itself to achieve operating UIC pro-
grams in all 57 States and Territories by the beginning of 1985. In 1984, the
Agency will, therefore, propose direct implementation programs for a second set of
States. These programs are to be promulgated in October 1984. While the Agency is
proposing and promulgating direct implementation programs to achieve full coverage
for the UIC program, it will also continue- to review and approve State applications,
with the likelihood that several of the States for which direct implementation pro-
grams are being prepared will achieve primacy in 1984. At the beginning of 1985,
the Agency expects to be responsible for" the operation" of 21 full and 8 partial
programs.
ADDRESS AND RESPOND TO GROUND-WATER PROBLEMS
The drinking water program will focus on two distinct activities in the ground-
water protection area. First, the Agency takes an active role in responding to
ground-water contamination instances as they may threaten public water supplies.
The Regional drinking water programs will (1) provide assistance in responding to
an increasing number of contaminated ground-water supplies which serve as source
waters of public water systems, (2) assess the magnitude of the problem, and (3)
identify alternative remedial measures needed to protect public health. In addi-
tion, the Agency will provide advisory services on the health effects of unregulated
contaminants to the States and utilities.
Second, the drinking water program will work with other EPA programs to assess
the magnitude of the risks posed by contamination from hazardous waste sites and
evaluate the drinking water aspects of alternative cleanup proposals.
The Agency will continue to pursue a coordinated ground-water research effort.
The objective of this program is to predict and estimate the movement, persistence,
and/or transformation of plumes of contaminants in the subsurface environment,
and to increase development of new technologies for use in detection, prevention,
and remediation. Work will focus on improving the methods to investigate and
monitor contamination. In addition, the health research program will provide
information on the health effects of contaminants found in ground water for Agency
and State use in addressing ground-water pollution. A pilot scale evaluation of
in situ aquifer restoration methods will be started in order to judge the feasibility
and cost-effectiveness of methods developed in laboratory studies.
DW-5
-------
DRINKING WATER
Program Activities
Cumulative Number of
States with full or
partial primary
enforcement respon-
sibility for:
Public Water Systems
Supervision
Underground Injection
Control
- Full primacy
- Partial primacy..
Sole source aquifer
designations
Actual
1983
51
12
7
Underground Injection
Control permits issued by
EPA in nonprimacy States..
Laboratory certifications
in PWS nonprimacy
States
Revision to National
Interim Primary Drinking
Water Regulations
Phase I ~ " ~~
Propose RMCL
Propose MCI
Promulgate MCL
120
Amendment/
Budget Current Increase +
Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1984 1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
51
i
39*
«
I
+5
i
+295
+125
52
28
8
+3
+162
+120
54
32
7
+3
+300
+65
Phase II
ANPRM
Propose RMCL.
Propose MCL..
Phase III
ANPRM
Propose RMCL.
9/83
9/83
2/84
9/84
Phase IV
ANPRM....
12/84
9/85
9/85
9/85
9/85
+2
+4
-1
+138
-55
* Number indicates programs, did not distinguish between full or partial programs.
DW-6
-------
Research and
Development
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
DRINKING WATER
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Drinking Water Research DW-8
DW 7
-------
DRINKING MATER
Drinking Water Research
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
1
oo
Scientific Assessment
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$58.5
$30.2
$88.7
$1,001.4
$718.9
$1,720.3
$2,698.6
$5,741.4
$8,440.0
$2,980.7
$4,184.3
$7,165.0
$990.9
$3,429.7
$4,420.6
$193.6
$30.5
$224.1
$1,437.5
$703,3
$2,140.8
$3,530.7
$5,219.1
$8,749.8
$2,722.8
$2,827.4
$5,550.2
$1,107.2
$3,127.7
$4,234.9
$443.6
$105.£
$549. 1
$1,437.5
$1,028.3
$2,465.8
$3,630.7
$5,719.1
$9,349.8
$2,788.9
$3,827.4
$6,616.3
$1,107.2
$3,727.7
$4,834.9
$443.6
$105.5
$549.1
$1,420.2
$1,028.3
$2,448.5
$3,630.7
$5,719.1
$9,349.8
$2,788.9
$3,827.4
$6,616.3
$1,107.2
$3,727.7
$4,834.9
$417.2
$75.0
$492.2
$1,701.8
$884.8
$2,586.6
$3,537.1
$6,503.4
$10,040.5
$2,950.4
$2,445.9
$5,396.3
$1,170.7
$3,438.2
$4,608.9
-$26.4
-$30.5
-$56.9
$281.6
-$143.5
$138.1
-$93.6
$784.3
$690.7
$161.5
-$1,381.5
-$1,220.0
$63.5
-$289.5
-$226.0
-------
§
vo
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Research
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
Drinking Water TOTAL
Research
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
$7,730.1
$14,104.5
$21,834.6
1.2
18.2
39.1
55.6
(DOLLARS
$8,991.8
$11,908.0
$20,899.8
3.0
22.1
49.6
45.1
IN THOUSANDS)
$9,407.9
$14,408.0
$23,815.9
7.0
22.1
51.4
47.1
$9,390.6
$14,408.0
$23,798.6
7.0
22.1
51.4
47.1
$9,777.2
$13,347.3
$23,124.5
8.0
27.2
53.6
48.1
$386.6
-$1,060.7
-$674.1
1.0
5.1
2.2
1.0
& Technology
Environmental Processes 19.3 22.3 22 3 22 3 22 3
8 Effects
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 133.4 142.1 149.9 149.9 159.2 9.3
-------
DRINKING HATER
Drinking Water Research
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
TOTAL WORKYEARS
1.9
21.4
56.8
65.4
20.5
166.0
(DOLLARS IN
4.0
25.1
66.5
57.3
24.5
177.4
THOUSANDS)
9.0
25.1
68.5
59.3
24.5
186.4
9.0
25.1
68.5
59.3
24.5
186.4
9.0
30.1
68.5
59.3
24.5
191.4
5.0
5.0
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Research
Major Outputs/Milestones
Provide Health, Monitoring and
Engineering Data
- Prepare health criteria documents
which evaluate and assess the
human health impact of exposure
to specific constituents found in
drinking water (Scientific
Assessment)
- Assist in development and review
of methods for formulating
drinking water standards
(Scientific Assessment)
- Develop, produce and distribute
quality control and performance
evaluation samples for chemical,
microbiological and radiochemical
analysis (Monitoring)
- Provide report which evaluates
the validity of extrapolation
models for tumor promoters and
initiators (Health)
- Prepare report on removal of
pesticides from drinking water
(Engineering)
- Prepare report on treatment
techniques for removing nitrates
from drinking water (Engineering)
- Complete report on small system
bacteriological sampling frequency
models (Engineering)
- Prepare state-of-knowledge report
on the removal of organic materials
(Engineering)
Provide Duality Assurance
- Provide reports on international
symposia on the health effects of
drinking water disinfectants and
disinfection by-products (Health)
Actual
1983
9/83
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
9/84
Estimate
1985
9/85
9/83
9/83
9/86
2/87
9/84
9/84
6/88
2/85
2/85
9/86
2/87
9/85
9/85
6/88
2/85
2/85
9/86
2/87
9/86
9/88
DW-11
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Major Outputs/Milestones
- Conduct laboratory certification
evaluations (Monitoring)
- Provide quality control procedures
and guidelines to document data
quality and systems performance
(Monitoring)
Provide Health and Engineering Information
- Prepare annual reports summarizing
the occurrence, cases and causes of
waterborne disease outbreaks by
year (Health)
- Report on target organ toxicity
of chemicals tested for health
advisory development (Health)
- Produce a report on filtration to
meet conform and turbidity MCLs
(Engineering)
- Provide a report on the cost and
effectiveness of trihalomethane
control (Engineering)
Provide Scientific Data for
Protection of Ground Water
- Establish groundwater research
program for locating abandoned
wells, fluid movement in Injection
wells, and develop monitoring
equipment (Monitoring)
- Evaluate possible Temik (aldlcarb)
contamination of Florida's citrus
belt ground water (Monitoring)
- Report on Influence of Chemical
Concentration on Prediction
Confidence (Env. Processes)
- Report on laboratory-scale evalu-
ation of aquifer restoration
methods (Env. Processes)
Actual
1983
9/83
9/83
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
9/84
9/84
Estimate
1985
9/85
9/85
12/84
9/84
12/85
9/86
1/85
2/86
9/86
9/88
1/85
2/86
9/85
10/85
9/85
9/85
12/84
10/85
9/85
9/85
10/85
9/85
DW-12
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DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $23,124,500 supported by 191.4 total workyears
for 1985, a decrease of $674,100 and an Increase of 5.0 total workyears from 1984.
Included 1n this total are $9,777,200 for Salaries and Expenses and $13,347,300
for Research and Development, with an Increase of $386,600 and a decrease of
$1,060,700, respectively. The Increase 1n Salaries and Expenses and workyears
will expand quality assurance efforts. The decrease, primarily 1n engineering,
reflects the completion of funding of a cooperative research agreement with the
water utility Industry.
Program Description
EPA's drinking water research program provides support to the States and to
the EPA Office of Drinking Water (ODW) 1n Implementing the Safe Drinking Water Act
(SDWA) 1n the areas of contaminant occurrence related to health effects, analytical
methods to monitor contaminants, control technology and the related costs, and
pertinent data to support the protection of ground water resources.
Objectives designed to Implement this program are:
Objective 1. Provide the Health, Monitoring and Engineering Data Necessary to
Develop and Revise Drinking Water Regulations.This research provides Information
In the areas of scientific assessment, health effects, and treatment technology to
support the ODW in developing revised regulations and Health Advisories to control
drinking water contaminants under Section 1412 of the SDWA. It also provides
analytical procedures for use by the Agency, States, municipalities and system
operators to monitor contaminants to assure compliance with maximum contaminant
levels pursuant to Section 1401 of the SDWA.
Objective 2. Provide Quality Asssurance Support to Agency and State Drinking
Water Laboratories. This activity provides analytical an"3systems performance
procedures for on-site evaluation and certification of drinking water monitoring
laboratories and makes possible mandatory quality assurance activities of all
laboratories and offices Involved with data collection.
Objective 3. Provide Health and Engineering Information to Assist States and
Municipalities in Complying with Drinking Water Regulations.Health research
assists the States in ascertaining causes of waterborne infectious disease outbreaks
and improving reporting of these incidents, as well as determining the hazard to
humans from exposure to Infectious agents through drinking water. It also provides
support for the issuance of Health Advisories by EPA. Engineering technology
research is directed toward the compliance and reporting problems of small systems.
This work supports technical assistance to States and municipalities as required
by Section 1442 of the SDWA.
Objective 4. Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protection of Ground-
Water Resources.This research provides the scientific basis for the protection
of underground drinking water sources as required to implement Section 1421 and
1424 of the SDWA.
DW-13
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SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $492,200 supported by 9 total workyears for
this program, of which $417,200 is Salaries and Expenses and $75,000 is for
Research and Development. Thi s'reflects a decrease of $26,400 for Salaries and
Expenses and a decrease of $30,500 for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation. This decrease reflects the completion of funding for
research work on Temik contamination in Florida.
Provide the Health, Monitoring and Engineering Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise Drinking Water Regulations. This program will provide assessment expertise
and technical assi stance i n support of drinking water regulations, health advi-
sories, methodology development, and other guidance to States and operators. Such
support will include: (1) initiation of 13-15 health assessment/criteria documents
which evaluate and assess the human health impact of exposure to specific chemicals
designated by the ODW; (2) preparation of criteria documents and Recommended
Maximum Contaminant Levels (RMCLs) initiated in 1984; (3) preparation of supporting
material for health advisories; (4) evaluation of carci nogenicity data, cancer risk
estimates, as well as evaluation of new cancer studies for consistency of scientific
interpretation and analysis techniques for use in ODW regulatory activity; and (5)
guidance and input relevant to human health assessment methodology.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $549,100 and 9 total workyears
to this program, of which $443,600 is under Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $105,500 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Provide the Health, Monitor! ng and Engi neering Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise Drinking Water Regulations! Revised primary drinking water regulations must
be finalized by 1986. Health assessment documentation for 10 chemicals are being
finalized and development initiated for 12 more contaminants. Support is provided
for a study of the degree and impact of possible Temik (aldicarb) contamination of
drinking water supplies in Florida.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $88,700 and 1.9 total workyears for
this program, of which $58,500 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $30,200 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropri ation.
Provide the Health. Monitoring and Engineering Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise Drinking Hater Standards. The initial drafts of health effects documents
dealing with silver, 1,1-di chloroethane, and mercury were prepared. After peer
review, these documents were released to the public for comment in mid-1983.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,586,600 supported by 30.1 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,701,800 is for Salaries and Expenses and $884,800 is
DW-14
-------
for Research and Development. The Increase of 5 workyears and $281,600 1n the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation reflects increased support for conducting the
annual laboratory certification and developing analytical methods to monitor
contaminants in drinking water. The decrease of $143,500 in Research and Develop-
ment funds reflects the completion of funding for Temlk research.
Provide the Health, Monitoring and Engineering Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise~D'r'lnklng water Regulations. Research will be directed toward supporting
the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations and the Safe Drinking Water
Act. The program evaluates methods for measurement of radionuclides, and sampling
holding times for microbiological analysis, and develops alternate membrane filter
media for analyzing total conforms.
Provide Quality Assurance Support to Agency and State Drinking Water'Labora-
tories'!Quality control procedures and guidelines to document data quality and
systems performance, quality assurance support in radionuclides analysis, and
overview of Agencywide mandatory quality assurance activities related to drinking
water will be provided. Interlaboratory performance evaluation studies and on-site
evaluations are conducted annually of principal laboratories and regions required
to perform microbiological, chemical and radiochemlcal analysis of drinking water.
Additional resources reflect work to be done in the production, maintenance and
distribution of quality control and performance evaluation samples to support
laboratory certification.
Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protection of Ground Water Resources.
Work in 1985 will build on research in a number of areas where work has been
supported in previous years. Efforts will develop/modify well sampling equipment/
Instrumentation, and develop a non-contaminating submersible pump for monitoring
water supply wells. The use of fiber optics and laser technology to monitor
groundwater quality will be evaluated. Studies will be conducted to evaluate the
feasibility of using airborne and surface-operated instrumentation to locate aban-
doned wells and to investigate the feasibility of mapping underground fluid move-
ment from injection wells.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,448,500 and 25.1 total work-
years to this program of which $1,420,200 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,028,300 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment Appropriation.
Provide the Health, Monitoring and Engineering Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise Drinking Water Regulations.Activities include the evaluation of methods for
measurement of radionuclides, cfiemicals and microbes, the evaluation of sample
holding times for microbiological analysis, and the development of alternate mem-
brane filter media for analyzing total conforms.
Provide Quality Assurance Support to Agency and State Drinking Water Labora-
toriesTThis effort provides quality assurance support in radionuclides, chemical
and microbiological analyses, and referral laboratory services. An overview of
Agencywide mandatory quality assurance activities of all laboratories and offices
involved with data collection for drinking water supplies is provided. The program
supports the production and distribution of quality control and performance evalua-
tion samples for chemical and microbiological analysis for water supply laboratory
certification. In addition, the program develops and distributes radioactive
standards and reference materials for radiochemistry analysis.
Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protection of Ground Hater Resources.
The program Includes modification of well sampling equipment and publication of a
report on non-contaminating pumps. The use of fiber optics and laser technology
DW-15
-------
to monitor groundwater quality is being evaluated, and a report on the feasibility
of using airborne and surface-operated instrumentation to locate abandoned wells
is being published. Alternate test procedures for chemistry, microbiology and
radio-chemi stry are being evaluated. The possible contamination of Florida's citrus
belt ground water by Temik contamination is being evaluated.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$17,300 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$17,300) A reprogramnri ng was made to this activity which
was not report ab 1 e under the Congressional reprogramnri ng limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$17,300 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,720,300 and 21.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,001,400 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $718,900 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropri ation.
Provide the Health. Monitoring and Engi neeri ng Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise Drinking Water Regulations. The pro-gram provided criteria and procedures
for on-site evaluation and certification of laboratories associated with drinking
water monitoring and analysis and provided evaluation of alternate test procedures.
Provide Quality Assurance Support to Agency and State Drinking Water Labora-
tori e~T. The program: 1} produced and disseminated quality control and performance
eval uation samples for chemical and microbiological analysis for water supply
laboratory certi fi cat ion; 2) developed and distributed radioactive standards and
reference mat eri als for radi ochemi stry analysis; 3) validated studies for chemis-
try, radio chemistry and microbiology; and 4) conducted laboratory evaluations and
intercompari son studies.
Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protection of Groundwater
Resources. This program provided support Tor a national program which conducted
feasibi lity studies to locate abandoned wells and investigated the feasibility of
mapping the underground movement of fluids from injection wells.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,040,500 supported by 68.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,537,100 is for Salaries and Expenses and $6,503,400
is for Research and Development. This reflects a decrease of $93,600 in Salaries
and Expenses and an increase of $784,300 in Research and Development. The increase
reflects additional support for epidemiology research and work on the health
effects of drinking water disinfection by-products. The decrease reflects the
transfer of support contracts to the Research and Development appropriation where
they are more appropriately funded.
Provide the Health, Monitoring and Engi neeri ng Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise Drinking Hater Regulations. Toxicological research will conti nue foF
speci fie chemical contami nants, for water treatment and for materials capable of
leaching from surfaces in contact with potable water. Dose-response data on treat-
ment chemicals and leachates wi 11 be developed especially for central nervous system
effects, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and reproductive effects.
DW-16
-------
Additional resources will be devoted to research of drinking water disinfec-
tants and their by-products. lexicological data will be provided to the ODW to
evaluate the health effects of disinfectants used in drinking water treatments.
By-products formed by reaction of disinfectants with background organic material
will be a major subject of study. These by-products will also be examined
toxicologically to determine the specific health effects posed by exposure to
such chemicals. Most chemicals occurring in drinking water cannot be identified
analytically, therefore, studies will be directed toward examining the extent to
which the unidentified fraction (more than 90 percent) of organic chemicals in
drinking water pose hazards to human health. The issue of exposure to multiple
chemicals of the same general class, or in combination or independently, will be
addressed. The interactive effects of characterized chemical mixtures will be
i nvestigated.
Epidemiological studies will be planned to help resolve the human health
issues facing EPA. Such studies will be initiated, however, only after feasibility
of the approach has been demonstrated and suitable study populations have been
identified. These studies will primarily be performed in cooperation with other
agencies. The quality assurance and exposure assessment aspects of epidemiological
studies will be strongly emphasized.
Provide Health and Engineering Information to Assist States and Municipalities
in Complying with Drinking Water Regulations. Tfie drinking water infectious
disease burden, both epidemic and endemic, in the U.S. will be determined through
disease surveillance and analysis activities and epidemiological study. Technical
assistance wil1 be provided to the Center for Disease Control (CDC), States, and
municipalities in investigations of waterborne disease outbreaks.
Toxicological data will be provided to ODW to develop guidance for States on
the potential health effects related to the exposure of chemicals in drinking
water and ground water sources. This data is needed for Health Advisories and to
define ground water associated health risks. Dose-response characterizations
will be made using both in vivo and in vitro methods, and sensitive populations
will be defined.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $9,349,800 and 68.5 total work-
years to this program of which $3,630,700 is under Salaries and Expenses and
$5,719,100 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
Provide Health, Monitoring and Engineering Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise Drinking water Regulations. The program currently focuses on: (1) study
of the health effects of specific chemicals designated by ODW for regulatory
decisions; (2) research on the toxicology of alternate disinfectants and disinfec-
tion byproducts to support revisions of the trihalomethane (THM) standard; (3)
research to improve and validate methods of extrapolating data to improve risk
assessments, with particular emphasis on initiators and promoters of carcinogene-
sis. A study of the feasibility of conducting drinking water epidemiology research
is also being initiated.
Provide Health and Engineering Information to Assist States and Municipalities
in Complying with Drinking Water Regulations.Health research under this objective
supports the development of Health Advisories for guidance in emergency contamina-
tion episodes or spills. The ODW has developed a series of Health Advisories to
provide guidance for exposures that can be tolerated for various time intervals.
Chemicals of interest include chlorinated phenols, chlorinated benzenes, and fuel
oils.
DW-17
-------
Health research is aimed toward designing the most cost-effective methods to
identify and evaluate outbreaks of waterborne infectious diseases to help States
improve their reporting. Assistance is provided to determine the cause of out-
breaks and recommend remedial action. This activity is carried out with the CDC.
The results from this activity are used not only to identify and stop the trans-
mission of disease from common water sources but also to help contribute to
improvements in standards and treatment processes by identifying the magnitude
of the waterborne disease problem. Improved investigation and reporting methods
are being published in 1984, based on the results of specific projects undertaken
in three states.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $8,440,000 and 56.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,698,600 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $5,741,400 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropri ation.
Provide the Health, Monitoring and Engi neeri ng Data Necessary to Revise Drink-
ing Water Regulations. In 1983, toxicologicalstudies focused on cari nogenicity,
mutagenicity and target organ toxicity for chemicals found in drinking water or
used in the distribution system, e.g., 2, 4 dichlorophenol, haloacetonitri les,
organotoxi ns, and coal tar and asphalt paints. The currently available health
effects data on disinfectants and disinfectants by-products were summarized in the
proceedings of the first international symposium on this subject. Studies on
the role of waterborne asbestos in causing gastrointestinal cancer have been
completed.
Provide Health and Engi neeri ng Information to Assist States and Municipali-
ties Tn Complying with Drinking Water Regulation. Technical assi stance was provi-
ded to States and municipalities on a continuing basis. Health effects personnel
participated in investigating several waterborne disease outbreaks involving viral
gastroenteritis and giardiasis. Toxicity studies on the aqueous components of
gasoline, kerosene and fuel oils were conducted.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,396,300 supported by 59.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,950,400 is for Salaries and Expenses and $2,445,900
is for Research and Development. The increase of $161,500 in the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation reflects an expansion of research on microbiological prob-
lems of water distribution systems. The decrease of $1,381,500 in the Research
and Development appropriation results largely from the completion of funding of
cooperative research with the water utility industry.
Provide the Health, Monitoring and Engineering Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise Drinking Water Regulations. Work will continue to fully evaluate treatment
processes for removal 57organic, inorganic, and microbial contaminants. This
research will provide the ODW with a data base for the next triennial revision of
the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR). Cost data will also be
compiled for unit processes and treatment to do cost-effectiveness analyses of
proposed treatment systems.
DW-18
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Provide Health and Engineering Information to Assist States and Municipalities
in Complying with Drinking Water Regulations.This research willfocus on tech-
nology which will assist water utilities in complying with drinking water regula-
tions with particular emphasis on the needs of small systems. Areas included are:
(1) maintaining microbial quality in distribution systems, (2) treatment technology,
and (3) control of corrosion and unwanted additives. Research will determine
factors which contribute to deterioration of water quality in distribution systems,
methods for controlling these factors and evaluations of technologies for removing
volatile organics and pesticides. Studies will be conducted on conditions affect-
ing corrosion and its prevention, and characterization and control of unwanted
additives from treatment chemical residuals and coating of pipes and other water
contact surfaces.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $6,616,300 and 59.3 total work-
years to this program of which $2,788,900 is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,827,400 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Provide Health, Monitoring and Engineering Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise Drinking Water Regulations.Work in the treatment area includes evaluations
of processes for removalof volatile organic compounds, pesticides and other or-
ganics, and radionuclides. Work on inorganics removal is concentrating on field
testing of various treatment systems with different raw waters and under a range
of flow capacities. In the microbiological area, evaluations are being conducted
on the effectiveness of treatment processes, disinfection, and other factors which
contribute to microbial deterioration in distribution systems.
Provide Health and Engineering Information to Assist States and Municipalities
in Complying with Drinking Water Regulations. The majority of violations of drink-
ing water regulations occur in small systems (less than 10,000 population). The
emphasis is therefore on technology which is appropriate for small systems.
Research is being conducted on processes for removing organic, inorganic and parti-
culate contaminants with emphasis on groundwater supplies. Research is addressing
the causes of corrosion in water distribution systems and methods for prevention
and control. Cooperative research with the water utility industry will begin in
the areas of treatment of regulated contaminants and improved drinking water
quality in distribution systems.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $7,165,000 and 65.4 total workyears
for this program of which $2,980,700 was under the Salaries and Expenses Appropria-
tion and $4,184,300 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Provide Health, Monitoring and Engineering Data Necessary to Develop and
Revise Drinking Water Regulations.ResearchTnI9U3emphasized high priority
areas in support of new and revised drinking water regulations. These areas included
the evaluation of treatment techniques for the removal of volatile organic contami-
nants (VOCs), of disinfection by-products, and of inorganic contaminants from
drinking water. Specific outputs were reports on laboratory and pilot plant
removing VOC's, on field experiences for removing organics by granular activated
carbon (GAC) including GAC reactivation, and on the economics of water treatment
processes.
DW-19
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Provide Health and Engineering Information to Assist States and Municipalities
in Complying with Drinking Water Regulations.ResearchTn1983evaluatedtech-
nologies to help water utilities and regulatory agencies achieve compliance with
drinking water regulations In cost-effective ways. Specific outputs Included
reports on removing trihalomethane precursors, on establishing corrosion control
methods for a city's water supply and an Initial evaluation of effects on water
quality of lead leaching from pipe solder joints, and on the stability and effec-
tiveness of chlorine disinfectants in water distribution systems.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,608,900 supported by 24.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,170,700 1s for Salaries and Expenses and $3,438,200
is for Research and Development. This reflects an Increase of $63,500 and a de-
crease of $289,500 respectively. The decrease results from the completion of
funding for the study of Temik in Florida and the completion of projects to develop
methods for determining the quantity of subsurface microorganisms. The addition
in Salaries and Expenses reflects an increase of in-house support costs.
Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protection of Groundwater Resources.
This research willsupport groundwater protection efforts 1n a number of program
offices including Drinking Water, Solid Waste, Superfund, Pesticides and Toxic
Substances, as well as State and local efforts. Although the research 1s directed
toward providing widely applicable prediction tools, these tools will in most
cases be specifically applicable to improving the implementation of the Underground
Injection Control program and protection of underground sources of drinking water.
In order to provide the scientific bases for regulatory and management deci-
sions on the protection of underground sources of drinking water, research is
focusing in the following three areas: (1) improved methods for determining the
transport and transformation of contaminants 1n the subsurface; (2) methods for
predicting the behavior of pollutants in aquifers based on subsurface (site-
specific) characteristics and pollutant characteristics; and 3) evaluation of
aquifer j£ situ reclamation methods.
In the transport and fate area, acceleration of research 1n 1984 will permit
the study of the interrelationship between biological and non-biological processes
affecting groundwater quality in 1985 1n order to include this data 1n predictive
models. Specific attention will be given to the interaction of injection materials
with geologic materials, which could affect transport and tranformation processes.
In the in situ aquifer restoration area, resources will be Increased slightly
in order toTegin pilot scale evaluation of methods judged feasible and cost-
effective in 1984 laboratory studies. Process parameters will be selected and
optimized based on understanding of subsurface processes gained In our transport
and fate research program.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,834,900 and 24.5 total work
years to this program, of which $1,107,200 is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $3,727,700 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protecton of Ground Water Resources.
A number of parameters have been identified which provide information on the rate
and transport of contaminants in ground water. Research will be developing and
evaluating improved methods for using these parameters (for example, oxidation re-
duction potential) in assessing groundwater contamination. Such technology is
DW-20
-------
available for surface water, but not for ground water. The effects of well
materials and sampling methods on these parameters 1s being evaluated. Support
for Information transfer activities, specifically the National Groundwater
Information Center and the International Ground Water Modeling Clearinghouse is
provided. Laboratory studies are Investigating how organic chemicals and patho-
gens of concern behave in the subsurface. This area is supplemented by research
in the Hazardous Waste decision unit. In the in situ aquifer reclamation area,
methods and data are being developed to determfne TRe~costs and applicability of
practices which have the potential for success. Research will also be conducted
on the effects of the contaminant Temik 1n Florida ground water.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $4,420,600 and 20.5 total workyears
for this program of which $990,900 was under the Salaries and Expenses Appropria-
tion and $3,429,700 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
Appropriation.
Provide Scientific Methods and Data for Protection of Groundwater Resources.
An article was published on "Biological Transformation of Organic Pollutants 1n
Ground Water." The Sixth National Groundwater Quality Symposium, entitled "State,
County, Regional, and Municipal Jurisdiction of Groundwater Protection," was
held. The Third National Symposium and Exposition on Aquifer Restoration and
Groundwater Monitoring was also held. A number of short training sessions were
conducted for EPA Region, State, and EPA headquarters Personnel on the utilization
of groundwater models.
DW-21
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Abatement and
Control
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
DRINKING WATER DW-1
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Drinking Water Criteria, Standards & Guidelines DW-23
Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance DW-28
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants DW-29
Underground Injection Control Program Grants DW-31
Special Studies 8 Demonstrations DW-32
Trai ni ng DW-33
Drinking Water Management DW-34
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance DW-36
Underground Injection Control Program DW-39
DW-22
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Criteria, Standards & Guidelines
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT
1983 ESTIMATE 1984
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Criteria, Standards &
Guidelines
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$5,353.7 $5,168.8 $5,168.8 $5,168.8
$2,663.3 $2,595.2 $3,095.2 $3,095.2
TOTAL $8,017.0 $7,764.0 $8,264.0 $8,264.0
$5,640.0 $471.2
$4,545.2 $1,450.0
$10,185.2 $1,921.2
ro
CJ
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$5,353.7 $5,168.8 $5,168.8 $5,168.8
$2,663.3 $2,595.2 $3,095.2 $3,095.2
Drinking Water TOTAL $3,017.0 $7,764.0 $8,264.0 $8,264.0
Criteria, Standards &
Guidelines
$5,640.0 $471.2
$4,545.2 $1,450.0
$10,185.2 $1,921.2
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Criteria, Standards &
Guidelines
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
86.2
86.2
83.6
83.6
83.6
83.6
83.6
83.6
95.5
95.5
11.9
11.9
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Criteria, Standards &
Guidelines
TOTAL WORKYEARS
103.6
103.6
100.5
100.5
100.5
100.5
100.5
100.5
103.5
103.5
3.0
3.0
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Criteria, Standards and Guidelines
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,185,200 supported by 103.5 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $1,921,200 and 3.0 workyears from 1984. Included in this
total is $5,640,000 for Salaries and Expenses and $4,545,200 for Abatement, Control
and Compliance.
Program Description
This activity represents the entire Headquarters component of the drinking
water abatement and control program. This involves the following:
Regulations Development and Review: EPA has the responsibility to review and
revise the existing National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) in light
of latest scientific and field evidence and, as necessary, to augment existing
regulations with standards for newly identified contaminants.
Complementing enforceable primary drinking water regulations are health ad-
visories. They are used principally to guide State and local authorities in
deciding the course of action to take in potentially health-threatening situations
by providing quantitative limits for transient exposure. Together, regulatory
standards and health advisories serve as benchmarks for public health protection
not only for drinking water supplies but also in other environmental programs.
The Agency also has the responsibility for establishing Underground Injection
Control (UIC) program regulations for preventing contamination of underground
drinking water sources by well injection of fluids. The Safe Drinking Water Act
(SDWA) prohibits all underground injection that has not been sanctioned by appro-
priate EPA or State regulations. Regulations detailing the minimum requirements
for operating programs were promulgated in 1980.
National Stewardship of PWS and UIC Programs: National program direction for
the Public Water Systems Supervision (PWS) and Underground Injection Control pro-
grams is provided by Headquarters to assure consistency and progress in meeting
the goals of the SDWA.
Ground-Water Protection: The need for ground-water protection is a growing
national concern highlighted by the increasing number of ground-water contamination
cases being discovered by the Agency's hazardous waste cleanup efforts and by the
water systems. (About 80% of the top priority Superfund sites have contaminated
ground water.) States and communities frequently call upon the laboratory and
technical services capacity maintained for standards development to assist in
identifying, assessing, and controlling contamination of public water systems
which poses a human health risk. As cleanup activities are expanded under the
Hazardous Waste and Superfund programs to find and confine contamination sources,
more threats to drinking water supplies will likely be discovered. This will
increase the demand for such advisory services.
DRINKING WATER CRITERIA. STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,185,200 supported by 103.5 total workyears,
of which $5,640,000 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$4,545,200 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This
DW-24
-------
represents an increase of 3.0 workyears and $471,200 in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, which reflects an Agency adjustment of personnel costs. The in-
crease of $1,450,000 in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation supports
an increased effort in evaluating the health effects of both regulated and unregu-
lated contaminants and a study on surface impoundments and their contamination
potential.
Revision of the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations will continue to
be the focal point of regulatory development efforts during 1985. In early 1985,
we expect to complete the first phase of the revision with the proposal of maximum
contaminant levels (MCLs) for volatile organic contaminants (VOCs) followed by
promulgation late in the year. EPA will promulgate final Phase II recommended
maximum contaminant levels (RMCLs) and simultaneously propose MCLs in late 1985.
The final phases of revising the NPDWR, Phase III (radionuclides) and Phase IV
(disinfectant by-products including trihalomethanes) will still be in the early
stages of development in 1985. EPA will propose RMCLs during 1985 for Phase
III. ;
In addition, we will continue to complement the enforceable primary drinking
water standards with health advisories developed from toxicological information.
The demand for health advisories has increased as the Agency's program to clean up
hazardous waste sites revealed a large number of unregulated contaminants in ground-
water supplies. These health advisories contain the best scientific information
on the health risk. With the increase in resources the program will enhance the
scientific content of advisories ensuring evaluation for long-term chronic, as
well as short-term, exposures. These advisories will then better support their
use as criteria for emergency response and remedial management decisions in other
environmental programs.
The drinking water program will be faced with the challenge of the first year
of full national implementation of the UIC regulations. EPA expects to be respon-
sible for full or partial programs in 29 States and for most programs on Indian
lands. The program emphasis shifts from delegating primacy programs and developing
nonprimacy programs to program implementation. The highest priority will be to
provide the guidance^ and support necessary so that Regions and States can implement
effective programs. We will also continue to develop and exercise oversight to
assure the adequacy of Regional and State programs.
In both the UIC and PWS programs, the Agency will continue to collect and
analyze compliance data as well as compiling the data into a national report on
progress of the program in meeting the goals of the Safe Drinking Water Act. The
Agency will sponsor a followup study of surface impoundments to determine the
potential risk to ground water posed by the various types of surface impoundments,
the feasibility and cost of their control, the effectiveness of existing and pro-
spective State programs, and the ability of existing and potential Federal regulatory
frameworks for dealing with such problems. The study will also address surface dis-
posal of brine generated during oil production. Following completion of this study,
the Agency will begin analyzing the data gathered and move forward as warranted.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,264,000 supported by 100.5
total workyears for this program, of which $5,168,800 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $3,095,200 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. Extramural funds support projects to assemble the latest toxicologi-
cal information on contaminants of concern, to compile data on human exposure to
waterborne contaminants which may support new primary standards, to collect data
on treatment technology, performance and cost, and the financial impact of regulatory
requirements, to provide analytic support and technical expertise to address ground-
water contamination issues, and to support activities for developing health
advisories.
DW-25
-------
Phases I and II of the development of Revised National Primary Drinking Water
Regulations are the focus of the program in 1984. Prior to proposing Phase I
RMCLs in February 1984, the Agency continues to analyze comments received from the
workshops and scientific data to determine health goals. The Agency is reviewing
all comments on the RMCLs, as well as completing the technology and monitoring
documents and the Regulatory Impact Analyses, in anticipation of proposing MCLs
in early 1985. The Agency will propose RMCLs for Phase II in late 1984. A sepa-
rate proposal will also be prepared for fluorides based upon the Surgeon General's
report as part of the Phase II revisions. For Phase III (radionuclides) the
Agency is about to begin sampling for the radionuclide and inorganic occurrence
survey prior to proposal of RMCLs and MCLs. Finally, the Agency is reviewing work
of the research and development program for Phase IV regulations. In addition
to the revisions to the drinking water regulations, the Agency will continue to
develop health advisories which apply to contaminants not covered by existing
regulations.
Because UIC delegation of primacy did not proceed as rapidly as anticipated,
processing the remaining primacy applications continues to be an important activity.
By the end of 1984, we expect to have approved a total of 28 full and 8 partial
State programs. The Agency will also operate Federal programs in nonprimacy
States and on several Indian lands beginning in March 1984. we will also propose
regulations for additional direct implementation programs.
In addition to oversight activities, the Agency's concern with environmental
effects of Class I (deep injection) wells has led to a study of 21 sites to deter-
mine the extent and magnitude of the problem. The Agency will begin to structure
a study on surface impoundments which will assist in determining their overall
contamination potential. Meanwhile, we are continuing to provide staff support
to the Deputy Administrator in the development of the Ground Water Protection
Strategy. The Agency is working on final revisions to its Strategy, which focuses
on building State institutional capabilities, assessing major unregulated sources
of contamination such as surface impoundments and leaking underground storage
tanks, creating a policy for increased consistency and coherence among EPA programs
protecting ground water, and improving EPA's institutional capability by designating
organizational responsibility. __ _
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $8,017,000 supported by 103.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $5,353,700 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $2,663,300 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Regulation development and review activities were conducted on various phases of
developing revised primary drinking water regulations. As part of Phase I (VOCs),
the Agency completed the Ground Water Survey, summarized comments on the Advance
Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (published in March 1982), and conducted workshops
where EPA solicited comments and ideas on issues connected with the regulation of
these contaminants. Supporting documentation (14 occurrence and exposure documents,
nine health effects criteria documents, draft technology and cost document, and
draft analytical methods document) were prepared. The proposed RMCLs for VOCs
were developed and reviewed within the Agency.
The ANPRM for Phase II was signed by the Administrator in late 1983, one
public workshop was conducted, and three more were scheduled for 1984. Initial
development of the RMCLs began with the completion of various support documents
and studies. A comprehensive two-year national survey for inorganics and radio-
nuclides was developed as the first step in the revisions for Phases II and III.
DW-26
-------
Health advisories were prepared for six additional chemicals. In the additives
program, the Agency reviewed approximately 250 petitions, published the first
edition of the National Academy of Science Codex, and prepared a notice to solicit
for third party certification of additives.
By the end of 1983, the Agency had approved 12 full and 7 partial State UIC
programs. In addition, the Agency proposed in the Federal Register Federal UIC
programs for certain nonprimacy States and Indian lands. PWS primacy was dele-
gated to one Territory, Northern Marianas, for the PWS program bringing the total
to 51. In the PWS program, seminars were held on data management as part of an
overall effort to provide for more accurate and up-to-date compliance data. The
Agency also initiated an assessment of PWS direct implementation programs both
in the States and on Indian lands. Technical assistance was provided to the States
through the development of sanitary survey training manuals, a compendium of State
management practices, operator certification materials, and treatment guides for
small water systems. Staff support was provided to the Deputy Administrator for
the development of an Agencywide Ground Water Protection Strategy.
The Agency's Ground Water Task Force reported to the Administrator on the
extent of ground-water contamination, the roles and relationships among State and
EPA programs, inconsistencies among existing EPA programs affecting ground-water
quality, and unaddressed sources of contamination. The Task Force arrayed alter-
native actions EPA might take to improve its effectiveness in each of these areas,
leading to the selection of a proposed strategy.
DW-27
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DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Public Water Systems
Supervision Program
Grants
Abatement Control and $27,654.6 $21,204.0 $27,450.0 $27,450.0 $27,450.0
Compliance
TOTAL $27,654.6 $21,204.0 $27,450.0 $27,450.0 $27,450.0
Underground Injection
Control Program Grants
Abatement Control and $7,039.0 $6,094.2 $7,500.2 $7,500.2 $7,500.2
Compliance
TOTAL $7,039.0 $6,094.2 $7,500.2 $7,500.2 $7,500.2
Special Studies &
Demonstrations
Abatement Control and $1,900.0 $1,900.0 $1,900.0 -$1,900.0
Compliance
TOTAL $1,900.0 $1,900.0 $1,900.0 -$1,900.0
Training
Abatement Control and $200.0 $200.0 $200.0 -$200.0
Compliance
TOTAL $200.0 $200.0 $200.0 -$200.0
TOTAL:
Abatement Control and $36,793.6 $27,298.2 $37,050.2 $37,050.2 $34,950.2 -$2,100.0
Compliance
Drinking Water State TOTAL $36,793.6 $27,298.2 $37,050.2 $37,050.2 $34,950.2 -$2,100.0
Program Resource
Assistance
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water State Program Resource Assistance
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $34,950,200 for the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation of which $27,450,000 is for the Public Water Systems
Supervision Program (PWS) Grants and $7,.500,200 is for the Underground Injection
Control Program (UIC) Grants.
Program Description
The intent of the Safe Drinking Water Act is that States should assume the
primary role for implementing and enforcing the drinking water and the underground
injection control regulations. Federal financial assistance, in the form of grants,
is provided to States to develop and maintain these programs. To be eligible for
grants, States must have primary enforcement responsibility.
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Grants The program provides grants
to States which have been delegated primary enforcement authority for implementing
a Federally approved PWS program. EPA may also use the funds allotted to a non-
primacy State to defray the cost of Federal implementation of the program. The
funds used by EPA also support travel associated with Federal implementation of
the programs.
Underground Injection Control Program Grants This program provides grants
to support State activities Tf\ implementing the Underground Injection Control
program. As with the PWS program, EPA may use the funds allotted to a nonprimacy
State for program implementation and travel associated with support activities in
nonprimacy States.
Special Studies and Demonstrations This program includes resources for the
National Rural Water Association for training and technical assistance to operators
of small rural water systems.
Training This program includes funds for fellowships to State personnel in
the public water systems supervision and underground injection control program
areas and for academic grants.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS SUPERVISION PROGRAM GRANTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $27,450,000 for Abatement, Control and Compliance ap-
propriation for public water systems supervision grants. There is no change from
1984 in the funds requested to support this program. These funds will support
programs to supervise the application of primary drinking water regulations by
public water systems in all 57 States and Territories, and on Indians lands either
by the primacy States or by EPA in nonprimacy States.
During 1985 primary emphasis will shift from compliance by larger systems to
improving the compliance rate among small systems, particularly in instances of
violations posing serious health threats. States will conduct sanitary surveys of
these systems to identify potential or existing problems and to evaluate the as-
sociated risks. In the course of these surveys, the States will conduct reviews of
the files (general, chemical, and bacteriological files), self-monitoring reports,
DW-29
-------
complaints against the systems, and monthly operating and monitoring reports; in-
vestigate the supply, treatment, and distribution facility; sample (as required);
notify systems of findings; and follow up to determine if progress is being made
and provide technical assistance as necessary. In cases of persistent violations
where no progress is indicated, the States will initiate formal enforcement activi-
ties. Another major 1985 activity will be the revision of programs to include the
development of laboratory capability to support implementation of the volatile
organic contaminants regulations and to strive toward full compliance with existing
regulations.
In addition to these priority activities, the grants will support activities
to maintain existing programs including data management and compilation of required
annual reports, preparation of grant applications, development of program plans,
financial management activities, and emergency response.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating $27,450,000 for public water systems supervision
grants to 57 States, Territories and Indian lands under the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. Fifty-three States are receiving grants (one develop-
mental grant to Pennsylvania), and EPA is using the funds allocated to the
remaining States for EPA direct implementation activities. The grant funds sup-
port basic PWS programs, including such activities as laboratory certification,
on-site evaluations in cases of persistent violations of regulatory requirements,
and initiation of enforcement actions as necessary. The States are working to
bring the systems in violation of the trihalomethane maximum contaminant levels
(MCLs) and monitoring and reporting requirements into compliance. They are
working toward improved compliance among small systems by developing State com-
pliance strategies and goals. These strategies will provide for a State-specific
compliance target, particularly focusing on small systems with serious violations.
The strategies acknowledge that the small systems are usually under financial
constraints and offer alternative methods for achieving and maintaining compliance.
The State agencies also make their expertise available in implementing these
strategies.
The grants also support management activities such as fiscal management,
program planning, employee training, and emergency response.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
The Agency obligated $27,654,600 under the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation for public water system supervision grants to the 57 States and
Territories. The Agency's general grant regulations allowed EPA to use grant
funds allotted to nonprimacy States for direct implementation activities. Grants
were awarded to primacy States, and EPA used the funds allotted to the nonprimacy
States for implementation of the Federal programs.
State programs focused on achieving and maintaining compliance among public
water systems. Data indicated that the large systems were generally in compliance
while many of the smaller systems were facing major problems. These small systems
are typically the ones with financial constraints and limited experienced personnel.
To improve compliance among these systems the States provided guidance and assistance
in determining causes and corrective actions for MCL violations. Where corrective
action was not taken or no progress made, the State agencies initiated enforcement
actions.
DW-30
-------
The grants also supported management activities such as program planning,
financial management, implementation of regulatory changes, employee training, and
response to contamination incidents.
UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL PROGRAM GRANTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $7,500,200 for grants under the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation. There is no change in the funding level of the program
from 1984. The funds will support implementation of underground injection control
programs for all 57 States and Territories and Indian lands. EPA will use grant
funds allotted to nonprimacy States to support direct implementation activities.
Fiscal year 1985 will be the first full year of implementation by both EPA
and many of the States. With the completion of the developmental phase of the
program, emphasis will be redirected to support such activities as permit review
and issuance, assessment of Class V (miscellaneous injection) wells, witnessing
mechanical integrity tests, and compliance monitoring. The States and EPA will
conduct on-site inspections of wells, following up on recalcitrant violators of
permit conditions and initiating enforcement actions as necessary. In the area
of permit reviews, highest priority is placed on review and issuance of permits
for existing Class I wells (those which may inject hazardous waste) and existing
Class III wells (which are used to extract minerals). Following the issuance of
these permits, the States and EPA will be encouraged to process applications for all
new oil and gas wells (Class II) in order to prevent the disruption of oil produc-
tion.
The grant funds also support other activities such as program planning, finan-
cial management, employee training, and response to emergencies.
1984 Program
The Agency is a'lIdeating $7,500,200 "for grants under the"Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation to support implementation of underground injection
control programs in all 57 States and Territories and on Indian lands either
directly by the States or by EPA in nonprimacy States. The States and EPA are at
various stages of program implementation. States with primacy are issuing per-
mits for existing Class I and III wells and new Class II facilities, conducting
assessments of Class V wells, ensuring closure of Class IV wells (those that inject
into an aquifer), witnessing mechanical integrity tests, reviewing compliance
monitoring, and conducting surveillance and inspection of permitted wells.
EPA is not beginning full program implementation in nonprimacy States until
mid-1984. At this time, we are establishing the administrative and procedural
framework for program implementation and beginning review of permit applications,
assessing Class V wells, and initiating the closure of Class IV wells. These
Class IV wells must be closed within six months after promulgation of the program.
Both the States and EPA are required to maintain inventory data and compile an
annual report of monitoring and compliance data. The States and EPA also provide
for emergency response capability.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
DW-31
-------
1983 Accomplishments
During 1983 the Agency obligated $7,039,000 under the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation to support underground injection control program grants.
The major grant-supported activity was the review of existing State laws and
regulations and preparation of regulatory and statutory amendments in order to
conform to Federal regulatory requirements for program delegation. Nineteen State
programs were approved for primacy by the end of 1983. Activities in these States
centered around establishing permit programs (and issuance of permits), initiating
Class V inventories, and ensuring the closure of Class IV wells. Training was
also provided to well operators on the requirements of the UIC program. EPA used
the funds allotted to nonprimacy States to perform aquifer mapping, inventory up-
dates, data management, and training.
State-specific programs were also developed for each Federal implementation
program and were published in the Federal Register on September 2, 1983.
SPECIAL STUDIES AND DEMONSTRATIONS
1985 Program Request
No funding is requested for 1985. The Agency believes that the National
Rural Water Association has demonstrated the effectiveness of grass roots training
and technical assistance programs to benefit small systems and that the individual
State associations should be able to move toward self-sufficiency through the use
of organizational dues and training fees.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating $1,900,000 for grants under the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation to support the training and technical assistance
activities of the National Rural Water Association. The National Association,
through 31 State associations, provides guidance and instructions to public
water systems on determining compliance, problem solution, and prevention of
future problems. Five State associations are working closely with Indian Nations
and the Indian Health Service in developing training programs focusing on water
systems on Indian lands.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
The Agency obligated $1,900,000 for grants under the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation in support of the National Rural Water Association's
outreach program. Each of the 31 State associations conducted at least 12 work-
shops where operators of small rural water systems were provided training and
guidance on complying with the Safe Drinking Water Act. In addition to training,
the State associations responded to an estimated 10,000 technical assistance
requests from rural systems. Five State associations provided training designed
specifically for Indian lands.
DW-32
-------
TRAINING
1985 Program Request
No funds are requested for this program in 1985. The Agency believes that
there are sufficient opportunities for State personnel to obtain training in
environmental and public health fields without Federal support.
|
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating $200,000 for grants under the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation to provide for training of State Agency personnel. These
funds will provide training in the form ,of fellowships to State Agency personnel
in areas related to public water systems supervision and underground injection
control.
I
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments ,
During 1983 the Agency obligated $200,000 for grants under the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation. The funds supported academic training for
108 State agency personnel. Of these, 10 went to State personnel directly in-
volved in State UIC programs and the remainder provided training to employees
directly involved in State PWS programs. .
DW-33
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DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Publi c Water Systems
Supervision Program
Assi stance
Salaries « Expenses $4,458.6 $4,992.9 $5,009.7 $4,699.2 $4,999.7 $300.5
Abatement Control and $163.7 , $20.0 -$20.0
Compli ance
TOTAL $4,622.3 $4,992.9 $5,009.7 $4,719.2 $4,999.7 $280.5
Underground Injection
Control Program
Salaries & Expenses $3,458.6 $4,286.7 $4,099.9 $3,767.8 $4,640.4 $872.6
TOTAL $3,458.6 $4,286.7 $4,099.9 $3,767.8 $4,640.4 $872.6
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $7,917.2 $9,279.6 $9,109.6 $8,467.0 $9,640.1 $1,173.1
Abatement Control and $163.7 $20.0 -$20.0
Compli ance
Drinking Water TOTAL $8,080.9 $9,279.6 $9,109.6 $8,487.0 $9,640.1 $1,153.1
Management
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Public Water Systems 122.3 119.1 119.1 119.1 119.5 .4
Supervision Program
Assi stance
-------
DRINKING WATER
DM nkl ng Water Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
.Underground Injection
Control Program
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
83.0
205.3
90.6
209.7
90.6
209.7
90.6
209.7
100.6
220.1
10.0
10.4
TOTAL WORKYEARS
CO
CJ1
Publi c Water Systems
Supervision Program
Assi stance
Underground Injection
Control Program
TOTAL WORKYEARS
130.9
132.4
132.4
100.6 120.8
231.5 253.2
132.4
119.5 119.5
251.9 251.9
132.4
129.5
261.9
10.0
10.0
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,640,100 supported by 261.9 total workyears
for 1985 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an increase
over the 1984 level of $1,153,100 and 10.0 workyears, reflecting increased efforts
in Underground Injection Control (UIC) permitting in nonprimacy States.
Program Description
This subactivity, which consists of two major Regional programs, encompasses
EPA Regional efforts to prevent and control the contamination of drinking water
supplies and their sources.
Public Water Systems Supervision Program Assistance This program consists
of Regional activities related to national implementation of drinking water regu-
lations. The Regional Offices provide .oversight and support to primacy States
in administering public water systems supervision (PWS) programs and implement
programs in those States which do not have primacy and on Indian lands where States
do not have civil jurisdiction. The Regions assist States where specific problems
are identified, evaluate State programs, and award the PWS grants. The Regions
continue to respond to contamination incidents which may potentially affect public
water supplies.
Underground Injection Control Program This program consists of Regional
activities related to the protection of underground water sources. The Regions
are responsible for ensuring implementation of the Underground Injection Control
Regulations, either through oversight and assistance to primacy States or Federal
implementation in nonprimacy States and on Indian lands. They are also responsible
for review of sole source aquifer designation petitions. Grant awards for the UIC
program are also administered by" the Regions.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEMS SUPERVISION PROGRAM ASSISTANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $4,999,700 for Salaries and Expenses supported by 132.4
total workyears for this program. This represents an increase of $300,500 in
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation over 1984 to reflect an Agency adjust-
ment of personnel costs and a decrease of $20,000 in the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation.
During 1985, we expect to delegate primary enforcement responsibility to two
additional States, bringing the total to 54. EPA will negotiate with each State
specific annual targets for reducing the violation rate. Although the PWS program
has a high rate of compliance with existing standards and reporting requirements,
the systems remaining out of compliance tend to be small systems, either recalci-
trant or clearly lacking the ability to comply. EPA has issued a national com-
pliance strategy which urges States to rank violations and address them in a
systematic fashion.
While the Regions continue to encourage the remaining States to assume primacy,
they also will be responsible for implementing Federal PWS programs in three States
and on Indian lands. Federal programs will focus on compliance with microbiological
and turbidity maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) as well as monitoring and reporting
requirements, particularly among small systems. The Regions will focus on informal
enforcement measures to assure compliance including site visits. Recalcitrant
DW-36
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violators will be referred for formal enforcement action. The Regional Offices will
also work with the systems in implementing and improving compliance with trihalo-
methane (THM) regulations. EPA is allowed use of the PWS grant funds allotted to
nonprimacy States for conducting program activities.
The Regions are also responsible for oversight of primacy States, which will
include working with the States in achieving increased compliance particularly for
microbiological and turbidity MCLs and for the inorganic and radionuclide standards.
As part of this effort, the Regional Offices will negotiate compliance targets
with States and follow up to ensure that the States are making progress in achieving
their goals. They will guide and assist States before the actual implementation
of the volatile organic compounds regulations as well as certify the necessary
laboratories for conducting required analyses.
The Regions will respond to contamination of public water supplies, usually
by a ground-water source located in the vicinity of hazardous waste sites. They
will take an active role in these situations by working with the States in gathering
information, assessing the health impacts, and establishing the necessary EPA
groundwork to develop an EPA and State response. The Agency will negotiate an action
plan with the States which will delineate cleanup responsibilities and time
schedules. At the same time, they will make available to the States and utilities
their services and expertise on determining health effects and levels of contamina-
tion, investigating pathways of contamination, and advising on the proper procedures
to correct the situation.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $4,719,200 supported by 132.4 total work-
years for this program, of which $4,699,200 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $20,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
We expect one additional State to assume primacy during 1984 for a total of 52
primacy States. EPA will implement the program on Indian lands and in the remaining
five nonprimacy States. The Regions are continuing to work with these nonprimacy
States to encourage their assumption of primacy.
The Agency is emphasizing increased compliance in nonprimacy States, parti-
cularly among small systems. They are focusing on decreasing the number of persis-
tent violations of microbiological requirements and chronic violations of inorganic
and radiological requirements. The Regions are conducting informal enforcement
activities (phone calls, letters, on-site visits) in an effort to achieve increased
compliance. Enforcement actions are being initiated when no action has been taken
or progress is not being made. In addition, the Regions are working toward full
compliance with the THM regulations by providing guidance and technical assistance
to those systems having problems meeting the regulatory requirements. Information
and experience gained during implementation will be used by Headquarters in revising
the THM regulations during Phase IV of the regulatory process. Other activities in
nonprimacy States include certifying laboratories, preparing inventory updates and
preparing annual reports. The Agency uses the PWS grant allotments of the non-
primacy States to support these activities in the nonprimacy States.
Regional oversight activities are focusing on State compliance rates to deter-
mine the effectiveness of the programs and on progress in meeting environmental
goals. The Regional Offices provide technical assistance and guidance to the States
in implementing the THM regulations as well as in identifying specific problems
and corrective actions in emergency situations. They also ensure proper management
of the grant program.
The Regions are responsible for planning, implementing, and evaluating State
program activities as part of Regional management responsibilities. Responsibili-
ties include providing input into the development of National policies and regula-
tions, and responding to Congressional inquiries and citizen complaints. The
DW-37
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Regions also are assessing underground and surface water contamination incidents
which may affect public water supplies, advising programs on precautions necessary
to protect public health, and coordinating activities with Superfund and other
emergency response programs at the Regional, State, and local levels when public
water supplies are involved. They are working with the National program in providing
health advice on the toxicology of unregulated contaminants identified in public
water supplies.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$290,500 results from the following actions:
-Reprogramminqs. (-$290,500) Several reprogrammi ngs were made to this activity
which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. These
changes resulted in a net increase of +$24,600 to the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and a net increase of +$20,000 to the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
An additional reprogrammi ng was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$335,100, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
During 1983 the Agency obligated $4,622,300 supported by 130.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,458,600 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $163,700 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The
program continued to support State activities aimed at assuring implementation of
drinking water regulations. The Region VII office worked closely with Iowa in the
transition period before it returned primacy to the State. The Agency also dele-
gated primacy to the Northern Mariana Islands, bringing the total number of primacy
States and Territories to 51. EPA was responsible for implementing programs in the
remaining nonprimacy States and on Indian lands.
In the six nonprimacy States and on Indian lands, Regional activities focused on
assuring compliance among small systems. The Regions emphasized compliance efforts
in those systems which persistently violated monitoring requirements or that posed
serious health threats. They conducted sanitary surveys, which are the primary means
of technical assistance to systems with water quality problems. When violations were
detected, the Regions issued warnings and initiated formal followup. They also main-
tained and analyzed data on compliance. They assisted community systems with MCL
violations in an effort to help solve individual problems. Other activities included
preparing annual reports on the program's progress, updating inventory data and
providing technical assistance and guidance as requested, and developing strategies
for delegating the PWS program to the remaining nonprimacy States.
Regional overview of primacy States focused on State program accountability
to foster improved compliance. Regions provided assistance to States in verifying
the accuracy of their data systems. Approximately half the States have also prepared
compliance strategies. Regions also reviewed and approved State grant applications,
conducted on-site reviews of State activities, and conducted audits of State grants.
Regional management activities included the administrative and compliance
support for both primacy and nonprimacy States such as responding to Congress-
ional inquiries and citizen complaints and analyzing nationwide compliance data
for inclusion into annual reports. They provided assistance to the States in
revising their programs to include any regulatory updates. Coordination of the
PWS program with other related programs at the Regional and State levels was expanded
to ensure adequate protection of drinking water sources in the event of contamination
incidents.
DW-38
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UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL PROGRAM
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $4,640,400 supported by 129.5 total workyears under the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an increase of $872,600 and 10.0 workyears
over 1984. The increase will support increased UIC permitting in nonprimacy States
by EPA in 1985 as well as an Agency adjustment for personnel costs.
Agency activities related to the protection of underground sources of drinking
water are divided into the following areas: oversight of States with primacy for
UIC programs, implementation of programs in nonprimacy States, designation of sole
source aquifers, and Regional management.
Oversight of primacy States will include reviewing State activities to ensure
program consistency and to evaluate environmental progress on ground water protec-
tion. The Regions will review annual State compliance and monitoring reports to
assess compliance with the regulations as well as identify problem areas and provide
technical assistance on mechanical integrity testing and permit application review.
Direct Federal programs in nonprimacy States will be in the first full year
of implementation. During 1985 Regional activities will focus on reviewing permit
applications for existing Class I and III wells (deep injection and mining), which
present the greatest danger to underground sources of drinking water, new Class
II wells (oil and gas), witnessing mechanical integrity tests, and assessing
Class V wells (miscellaneous) to determine the need for regulation. They will
monitor compliance reports and provide assistance to the operators as necessary.
In cases of serious non-compliance or where no action is being made to correct
deficiencies, the Regional Offices will initiate enforcement actions. They will
maintain inventory data and prepare an annual report of State activities. As in
primacy States, they will begin to conduct a technical review of program require-
ments to determine if regulatory changes are needed. The UIC grant funds will
partially support these nonprimacy State activities.
In addition to protecting underground sources of drinking water from con-
tamination caused by improper injection practices, the Agency is responsible for
designating and protecting sole source aquifers from contamination. During 1985,
the Agency expects to designate three aquifers as sole sources of drinking water.
The Agency is also responsible for ensuring that Federally financed projects in
the recharge area of a sole source aquifer will not potentially contaminate the
designated aquifer.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $3,767,800 supported by 119.5 total workyears
to this program under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. During the second
half of 1984 the Agency will begin implementing Federal.UIC programs in nonprimacy
States and programs on Indian lands. In addition to ensuring the implementation
of the UIC regulations, the Regions are responsible for implementing the sole
source aquifer program, providing coordination of ground-water activities, and
conducting Regional management activities.
The Regions also are continuing to process the remaining State primacy applica-
tions and are negotiating with States on program plans and implementation activities.
For those States with primacy, the Regional offices are reviewing compliance and
monitoring reports and providing guidance and assistance on mechanical integrity
testing and technical program requirements. They are reviewing the States' annual
report data and processing the information for compilation into the annual report
of program accomplishments. They are also responsible for managing the State
grant program, which includes review of program plans, negotiating changes, grant
award, and grant audit.
DW-39
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In the direct implementation programs, activities are focusing on working with
facility operators to notify them of the UIC requirements, issuing permits for
existing Class I and III and new Class II facilities (in order to prevent the
disruption of oil and gas production). Another major activity will be ensuring
that Class IV wells are properly closed within six months of promulgation and
initiating the assessment of Class V wells to determine regulatory need. Other
activities will include updating inventory data and witnessing mechanical integrity
tests. The Agency is using the Underground Injection Control grants allotted to
these nonprimacy programs to support its implementation activities.
The Regions will continue to process applications for sole source aquifers.
We anticipate three designations during 1984. The Agency is reviewing proposed
Federally financed projects on sole source aquifers to ensure they will not endanger
the sole source aquifer.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$332,100 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammi nqs. (-$332,100) A reprogramming was made to this activity
which was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This
change resulted in a net increase of +$25,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$357,100, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
The Agency obligated $3,458,600 supported by 100.6 total workyears under the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation^ The__funds were used _to ^upport activities
related to the protection of ground "water." " ~"
During 1983, the program focused on processing primacy applications. The
Regions worked with the States in developing their programs, negotiated changes
and processed final applications to Headquarters. The Regions also managed the
UIC grant program and provided guidance and assistance in response to technical
aspects of the program to those States which had already been delegated primacy.
The Regions developed State-specific nonprimacy programs which were proposed
in the Federal Register on September 2, 1983. The Agency conducted inventories of
existing wells, provided for the mapping of aquifers, and ensured that the proper
procedural framework for implementation activities such as the permit process
and Class V assessment were established.
The Regions continued to review petitions for aquifer designations. They
also reviewed a limited number of Federally financed projects to ensure no con-
tamination potential exists.
DW-40
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Enforcement
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
DRINKING WATER DW-1
ENFORCEMENT
Drinking Water Enforcement DW-42
DW-41
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Dri nki ng Water
Enforcement
Salaries 8 Expenses $785.5 $1,114.3 $1,130.6 $1,113.8
TOTAL $785.5 $1,114.3 $1,130.6 $1,113.8
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses $785.5 $1,114.3 $1,130.6 $1,113.8
Drinking Water TOTAL $785,5 $1,114.3 $1,130.6 $1,113.8
Enforcement i
PERMANENT WORKYEARS i
Drinking Water 21.7 29.7 29.7 29.7
Enforcement j
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 21.7 29.7 1 29.7 29.7
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Drinking Water 21.7 29.7 29.7 29.7
Enforcement
TOTAL WORKYEARS 21.7 29.7 29.7 29.7
$1,374.5 $260.7
$1,374.5 $260.7
$1,374.5 $260.7
$1,374.5 $260.7
33.2 3.5
33.2 3.5
34.7 5.0
34.7 5.0
-------
DRINKING WATER
Drinking Water Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,374,500 supported by 34.7 total workyears
for 1985 for this subactivity under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
represents an increase of $260,700 and 5.0 workyears from 1984. This program
element includes both Headquarters and Regional resources.
Program Description
The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) charges EPA to establish minimum requirements
for programs to assure that all drinking water supplies are free from contamination
and to protect underground sources of drinking water from contamination arising
from unsafe injection practices. The Act, however, clearly intended that the
States would be responsible for enforcing these programs. Should a State be unable
or unwilling to do so, EPA would assume the responsibility.
Drinking Water Enforcement This program encompasses enforcement for two
Agency programs.
The Public Water Systems (PWS) Supervision program is responsible for assuring
the implementation of the drinking water regulations either by oversight of primacy
States or by direct implementation in nonprimacy States and Indian lands. The
enforcement activities associated with this program include providing legal support
against violators of the statutory provisions in nonprimacy jurisdictions. As
part of this, the Regions are responsible for developing the technical and supporting
documentation for enforcement actions, providing expert testimony, and participating
in negotiations with violators. Other enforcement responsibilities include review
of primacy applications for conformance with enforcement requirements and developing
critical data relating to emergency actions in the face_of imminent health hazards
under Section 1431 of the SDWA. " " " ~
The Underground Injection Control (UIC) program is responsible for preventing
the contamination of underground sources of drinking water by unsafe injection
practices. The enforcement program participates in the review of primacy applica-
tions, ensuring that all enforcement requirements are met. In nonprimacy States,
activities center on working with the drinking water personnel to develop Federal
programs for nonprimacy States and Indian lands, reviewing permits for administra-
tive and legal considerations, initiating enforcement actions against violators,
and providing assistance in emergencies as necessary.
DRINKING WATER ENFORCEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,374,500 supported by 34.7 total workyears
for this program for 1985 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This increase
of $260,700 and 5.0 workyears over 1984 will cover permitting activities associated
with the full implementation of the UIC program in nonprimacy jurisdictions.
During 1985 enforcement activities in the PWS program will focus on compliance
with microbiological and turbidity maximum contaminant levels, particularly among
small systems. As part of this compliance effort, the enforcement program will
work with the drinking water program personnel in negotiating compliance targets
and schedules with the systems in violation of the maximum contaminant level.
They will continue to supply the technical support in legal actions taken against
DW-43
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recalcitrant violators. This will include developing the technical and support
documentation for cases referred to EPA's Office of Enforcement and Compliance
Monitoring and ultimately the Department of Justice, as well as providing testi-
mony. They will provide support for cases referred by State authorities if they
choose to pursue violations under Federal law.
Regional enforcement activities for the UIC program will focus on the
administrative aspects of permit issuance in nonprimacy jurisdictions. This will
involve the administrative review of the application, working with the drinking water
personnel on the review of the technical aspects, conduct of hearings as required,
and issuance of the final permit. They will review compliance reports to ensure
adherence to the regulations and, as necessary, initiate enforcement actions.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating $1,113,800 supported by 29.7 total workyears during
1984 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The enforcement program is working
closely with the drinking water program in implementing the compliance strategies
for public water systems supervision programs and with the States in developing
compliance targets and providing alternative ways which compliance can be achieved
and maintained especially for small systems. They are conducting the enforcement
aspects of Federal programs in nonprimacy States and Indian lands, initiating
formal enforcement proceedings against recalcitrant violators, preparing the back-
up and technical documents for the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring,
and providing testimony in support of the cases. They are also responsible for
reviewing the enforcement section of primacy applications.
During 1984, the Regions are beginning implementation of UIC programs in non-
primacy States and Indian lands. Activities focus on reviewing the legal and
administrative aspects of UIC permits to be issued. Regions will be initiating
formal enforcement actions against operators not complying with the UIC regulations
and reviewing additional primacy applications. To ensure adequate provisions for
enforcement of the program, the Regions are assisting in the development of Federal
programs for programs not delegated to the States during 1984.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$16,800 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$16,800) A reprogramming was made moving all non-program
specific "support1 type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element.
This reprogramming to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$16,800, was included in
a reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $785,500 supported by 21.7 total workyears for
this program under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. During 1983, EPA
referred nine civil actions for violations of the Safe Drinking Water Act to the
Department of Justice for filing and prosecution.
Drinking water enforcement activities also included participation in develop-
ment activities for the Federal UIC programs for nonprimacy States and Indian lands
and review of draft and final UIC State program approval applications. Nineteen
programs were approved by the end of 1983.
DW-44
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HAZARDOUS
WASTE
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
HAZARDOUS WASTE HW-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Hazardous Waste Research HW-8
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines and Policies HW-25
Regulations, Guidelines & Policies - Hazardous Waste HW-27
Fi nancial Assistance ." HW-31
Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States HW-32
Waste Management Strategies Implementation HW-35
Hazardous Waste Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation. HW-36
ENFORCEMENT
Hazardous Waste Enforcement HW-41.
HW-1
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT
1983 ESTIMATE 1984
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Hazardous Waste
$34,088.3 $35,038.6 $40,694.1 $38,947.6
$63,185.4 $58,150.4 $68,099.2 $68,120.2
$21,311.2 $16,923.7 $21,623.7 $21,589.2
$118,584.9 $110,112.7 $130,417.0 $128,657.0
$45,724.1 $6,776.5
$75,934.4 $7,814.2
$21,609.4 $20.2
$143,267.9 $14,610.9
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
627.7 625.8 794.4 799.6 887.3 87.7
790.7 830.0 1,015.1 1,015.1 1,090.2 75.1
$127,165.0 $114,192.0 $126,750.7 $126,912.7 $137,748.6 $10,835.9
Authorization for the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act expired
September 30, 1982. Reauthorlzation pending.
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
Subtitle C of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA), as
amended, provides the legislative mandate for the Federal development of effective
national programs to regulate hazardous wastes from generation, through transpor-
tation, storage, or treatment, to disposal. RCRA also imposes significant civil
and criminal penalties for failure to comply with Federal requirements. The RCRA
program is designed to respond comprehensively to the environmental and public
health problems caused by hazardous wastes. It does this through regulatory deve-
lopment, State program authorization, permit issuance, enforcement, and research
and development.
STRENGTHENING THE REGULATORY PROGRAM
The Agency's strategy for the hazardous waste program involves regulating
those wastes or processes that are not currently covered or are inadequately
covered under existing RCRA regulations. It provides national guidance and over-
sight to the Regions and States for implementing the hazardous waste program, and
it includes reviewing and revising existing hazardous waste regulations for areas
that provide the greatest environmental benefits.
The Agency promulgated the core RCRA regulations between May 1980 and July
1982. The regulations establish lists and characteristics of hazardous waste
(Section 3001); generator and transporter requirements (Sections 3002 and 3003);
financial responsibility, interim status, and technical permitting standards for
new and existing storage, treatment, and disposal facilities (Section 3004); and
requirements for State programs and permits (Sections 3005 and 3006).
Since promulgating the core regulations, the Agency has embarked on an inten-
sive effort to finalize the hazardous waste regulatory program. However, gaps
still exist in the coverage of the RCRA hazardous waste program. To fill these
gaps, the Agency is reviewing additional listings of hazardous wastes, focusing
particularly on the organic chemical industry. The Agency is re-examining the
small quantity generator exclusion. It is also undertaking the following major
new regulatory efforts in 1984 and 1985: Waste oil; boilers burning hazardous
waste; restricting certain wastes from land disposal; and air emissions from hazar-
dous waste facilities. The Agency will also begin the remaining RCRA Section 8002
large volume studies in 1985.
The Agency will propose land disposal liner standards, promulgate regulatory
amendments for liquids in landfills and class permits for storage facilities, and
propose amendments for underground tanks and miscellaneous hazardous waste stand-
ards. Regulatory impact analyses to support these efforts will identify potential
areas for increased program effectiveness and cost savings. The preliminary
findings of a recent survey, undertaken to develop data bases to support regulatory
impact analyses, suggest that as much as 150 million metric tons of hazardous
waste were generated in 1981, compared to previous annual estimates of 40 million
metric tons.
DEVELOPING STATE PROGRAMS
One of the Agency's highest RCRA program priorities in 1984 and 1985 is to
authorize States to operate their own hazardous waste programs in lieu of the
Federal regulatory program. State programs are authorized in phases: Phase I -
manifest and interim status standards; Phase IIA - permitting tanks, containers,
and piles; Phase IIB - permitting incineration facilities; and Phase IIC - per-
mitting land disposal facilities and surface impoundments. The Agency has already
granted interim authorization to States and Territories whose programs provide
substantially equivalent coverage to that of the RCRA regulations.
HW-3
-------
State programs became eligible for full authorization in January 1983. In
accordance with RCRA statutory requirements, interim authorization will expire in
January 1985. States with interim authorization must receive full authorization
by that date or the responsibility to operate their hazardous waste program will
revert to EPA. However, States which miss the deadline can continue to develop
programs for full authorization at a later date. The Agency assists the States to
upgrade their program capabilities to meet Federal standards. It also provides
guidance on development of applications for full authorization and approves State
applications. By the end of 1985, the Agency estimates 40 States to be fully au-
thorized and an additional 11 States will have applications under Agency review.
In addition to program development guidance, the Agency will continue to pro-
vide financial assistance to States to encourage them to accept and to implement
their own hazardous waste program, as RCRA envisions. If States do not have in-
terim or full authorization, the Agency must administer the RCRA program. However,
since Agency policy encourages State participation even prior to authorization,
Cooperative Arrangements allow States to operate parts of the RCRA program on
behalf of the Agency and to receive financial assistance.
ISSUING RCRA PERMITS
The issuance of environmentally sound permits is another major RCRA priority.
The ultimate success of RCRA rests on national progress in permitting treatment,
storage, and disposal facilities. In 1982, the Agency, in cooperation with interim
authorized States, began processing permits for storage and treatment of hazardous
wastes in tanks, containers, and piles. However, when the permit standards for
incineration and land disposal facilities became effective, the Regions and States
shifted their permitting emphasis to Incineration and land disposal facilities
because of their greater potential for adverse environmental impacts. By the end
of 1983, EPA and the States had made final determinations on over 500 permit appli-
cations. The Agency estimates that an additional 1,400 permit actions will be
completed by the end of 1985.
IMPROVING RCRA COMPLIANCE
The Agency's compliance strategy places priority on inspecting major hazardous
waste handlers. These major handlers include all facilities required to comply
with ground water monitoring requirements; incineration facilities; and selected
storage and treatment facilities, generators, and transporters. During these in-
spections, EPA and the States will focus on evaluating compliance with the interim
status standards with special emphasis on ground water monitoring, closure/post-
closure plans, and financial assurances.
EPA and States will expand their compliance monitoring programs in 1984 and
1985 to include activities which support the permit program such as pre-permit
inspections and initiating enforcement actions if these facilities are out of
compliance with the interim status standards. In addition, EPA and the States will
enforce against late and/or incomplete permit applications and violations of re-
cently issued permit conditions.
EPA and the States will work to reduce the number of significant violations
through an increased emphasis on issuing Compliance and Administrative Orders and
assessing consistent penalties nationwide. Where States lack the authority to
assess penalties, EPA may intervene using federal authority.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The research and development program provides the scientific and engineering
basis for characterizing wastes, determining the specific problems they represent,
and formulating the controls necessary for their proper management. Research also
plays a key role in implementing the program at the State level by providing
information and technical assistance to permitting and enforcement officials. It
HW-4
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also supports responses for cleaning up and removing spills of hazardous substan-
ces. More specifically, the research program is organized to achieve the following
objectives: Developing the tests and procedures needed for characterizing wastes;
developing technical data needed to support treatment, storage, and disposal regu-
lations; developing technical data to support permitting and enforcement actions;
developing the techniques and equipment needed to prevent and contain hazardous
spills; providing quality assurance for sample collection and analysis activities;
and conducting the assessment and control research necessary to address dioxln.
HW-5
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Program Activities
Actual
1983
Amendment/
Budget Current Increase*
Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease-
1984 1984 1985 1985 vs. 1984
RCRA Standards
Proposals and
Promulgations 10 15* 16 22
Section 3001
Listings Proposal 8
Promulgation 2 6 11
Implementation
Guidances 17 20 15 20
Reports to Congress. 1 2
States with Hazardous
Waste Grant/Coopera-
tive Arrangements... 51 56 51 51
States with
Authorization:
Phase I only 25 7 15
Phase I and II 16 25 21
Full -- 18 11 40
Compliance Monitoring
Inspections:
EPA 3,873** 1,085 915 1,399
State 12,874 10,320 11,970 12,236
Permit Call-Ins:
EPA 758 325*** 774 137
State 594 -- 276 205
Permits in Process:
EPA 1,132 500*** 1,652 918
State 1,052 -- 1,038 1,377
Final Determinations:
EPA 249 575*** 342 294
States 295 -- 395 440
+6
+5
+5
+1
-15
-21
+29
+484
+266
-637
-71
-734
+339
-48
+45
*Includes listing actions
**Includes Cooperative Arrangement State inspections
***Nationwide permit estimates
HW-6
-------
Research and
Development
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
HAZARDOUS WASTE HW-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Hazardous Waste Research HW-8
HW-7
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Research
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
8 Technology
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
8 Effects
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research 8 Development
Hazardous Waste
Research
$832.3
$615.4
$1,447.7
$3,108.0
$4,019.7
$7,127.7
$358.3
$691.7
$1,050.0
$4,998.7
$13,431.0
$18,429.7
$2,823.3
$2,553.4
$5,376.7
$960.9
$550.9
$1,511.8
$2,986.5
$4,029.9
$7,016.4
$381.2
$586.9
$968. 1
$3,684.7
$9,567.1
$13,251.8
$2,452.3
$2,188.9
$4,641.2
$1,060.9
$810.9
$1,871.8
$2,986.5
$4,999.9
$7,986.4
$381.2
$586.9
$968. 1
$3,768.2
$12,597.1
$16,365.3
$2,535.0
$2,628.9
$5,163.9
$1,060.9
$980.4
$2,041.3
$2,899.1
$4,936.9
$7,836.0
$381.2
$586.9
$968. 1
$3,836.4
$12,513.1
$16,349.5
$2,535.0
$2,571.9
$5,106.9
$12,120.6 $10,465.6 $10,731.8 $10,712.6
$21,311.2 $16,923.7 $21,623.7 $21,589.2
TOTAL $33,431.8 $27,389.3 $32,355.5 $32,301.8
$1,020.0
$811.5
$1,831.5
$3,905.0
$6,215.4
$10,120.4
$756.4
$586.9
$1,343.3
$4,784.6
$11,567.3
$16,351.9
$2,681.3
$2,428.3
$5,109.6
$13,147.3
$21,609.4
-$40.9
-$168.9
-$209.8
$1,005.9
$1,278.5
$2,284.4
$375.2
$375.2
$948.2
-$945.8
$2.4
$146.3
-$143.6
$2.7
$2,434.7
$20.2
$34,756.7 $2,454.9
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Research
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
TOTAL WORKYEARS
14.0
21.2
4.0
79.8
35.3
154.3
18.4
27.9
4.0
108.9
48.5
207.7
(DOLLARS
14.1
25.0
4.0
60.0
30.8
133.9
20.6
35.0
4.0
77.0
50.5
187.1
IN THOUSANDS)
16.1
25.0
7.6
68.0
33.3
150.0
23.6
35.0
8.0
87.0
53.0
206.6
16.1
25.0
7.6
68.0
33.3
150.0
23.6
35.0
8.0
87.0
53.0
206.6
14.1
36.0
8.0
83.4
37.9
179.4
21.1
43.0
8.0
102.4
53.0
227.5
-2.0
11.0
.4
15.4
4.6
29.4
-2.5
8.0
15.4
20.9
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Research
Actual
Major Outputs/Milestones . 1983
Develop Techniques and Procedures to
Character! ze Wastes and Listing and
Other RCRA Regulatory Activities
- Prepare health and environmental 9/83
effects profiles for specific
chemicals (Scientific Assessment)
- Prepare hazard profiles for specific 9/83
chemicals (Scientific Assessment)
- Evaluate inductively coupled plasma
technique (Monitoring)
- Provide research support on final
evaluation of prescreen protocol
(Health)
Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support
RCRA Treatment, Storage and Disposal Regula-
tions
- Evaluate the volatile organic industry
stack sampling train (Monitoring)
- Prepare report on synthetic liner 9/85
design, operation and maintenance
for waste management facilities
(Engi neeri ng)
Develop Technical Data and Methods
Necessary to Support RCRA Permitting
and Enforcement Activities
- Prepare draft report on evaluation 9/85
of existing alternative systems for
hazardous waste treatment
(Engineer! ng)
- Prepare hydrogeological 12/85
protocol or determi ni ng the
suitability of a site for
waste disposal (Environmental
Processes)
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
Estimated
1985
9/84
9/84
9/85
10/86
9/85
9/85
9/85
10/86
9/85
9/86
9/85
9/86
9/85
12/85
HW-10
-------
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimated
Major Outputs/Milestones 1983 1984 1985
Develop Techniques & Procedures to
Prevent & Contain Hazardous Materials
Releases
- Field evaluate biological 9/85 9/85
protocol for assessment of
hazardous releases
(Environmental Processes)
Conduct the Assessment and Control
Research Necessary to Address Dioxin
- Prepare guidance for exposure and 7/84 9/85
risk assessments from dioxin
(Scientific Assessment)
- Prepare report on the use of UV 9/85 9/85
photolysis and APEG reagents on
di oxi n-contami nated soils
(Engineer! ng)
HW-11
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $34,756,700 supported by 227.5 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $2,454,900 and 20.9 permanent workyears from 1984. In-
cluded in this total is $13,147,300 for Salaries and Expenses and $21,609,400 for
Research and Development, with increases of $2,434,700 and $20,200 respectively.
The increases occur mainly in the monitoring systems and quality assurance and
health effects program elements, respectively. These increases will support the
validation of waste characterization methods for li sting/deli sting decisions and
accelerate the development of an inexpensive battery of health tests for screening
wastes for li sting/deli sti ng purposes.
Program Description
The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) authorizes a regulatory
program to identify those wastes which pose a substantial hazard to human health
or the environment, and management standards sufficient to prevent such harm.
Research funded through this program provides the scientific and engineering basis
for characterizing and determining the extent of the problems and for formulating
controls. Section 311 of the Clean Water Act of 1977 (CWA) and its amendments
also mandate some of the research conducted under this program, specifically the
hazardous materials release efforts.
Objective 1. DgyelgP Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Waste for
Listing and Other RCRA Regulatory Activities. Section 3001 of RCRA requires that
the Agency designate hazardous wastes and the characteristics of wastes which
cause them to be hazardous. Research under this objective develops analytical
procedures and techniques required to characterize a waste and assess the hazards
posed from exposure that will be used for li sting/deli sti ng decisions by the Office
of Solid Waste.
Objective 2. Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support RCRA Treatment,
Storage and Disposal Regulations. Section 3004 of RCRA requires the Agency to pro-
mulgate regulations and establish performance standards for the treatment, storage
and disposal of hazardous waste as may be necessary to protect human health and the
environment. Research under this objective develops the engineering and technical
data necessary to support the Agency in the development and revision of hazardous
waste regulations.
Objective 3. Develop Technical Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA
Permitting and Enforcement Activities. Section 3005 of RCRA requires that aTT
hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal be conducted in accordance with
operating permits. This research provides the necessary data and techniques for
permit writers to assess permit applications and provide enforcement officials
with legally defensible sampling and analysis procedures and information to ensure
compliance with permits and agreements.
Objective 4. Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazar-
dous Materials Releases. Section 311 of the Clean Water Act mandates Spill Preven-
tion Control and Count ermeasure (SPCC) plans be prepared for all facilities engaged
in the production, storage, refining, processing and distribution of hazardous
materials, and that the Agency maintain an emergency support program. Research
supporting this objective assesses the most cost-effective technology and scienti-
fic techniques available for prevention and control of releases of hazardous sub-
stances so that emergency response personnel can direct countermeasure operations.
HW-12
-------
Objective 5. Provide Quality Assurance to the Hazardous Waste Program. A
quality assurance program is being conducted to provide a scientific data base of
known quality to support RCRA regulatory activities. The program includes a re-
pository of calibration standards, reference materials and solutions and on-site
evaluations of contractor laboratories.
Objecti ve 6. Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address
Pi oxiTu Due to discovery of numerous instances of dioxi n-contaminated soils, fish,
and wastes in various parts of the United States, concern is increasing about the
magnitude of the dioxin problem in this country. Research supporting this objec-
tive will determine the nature and extent of dioxin contamination in the U.S.,
evaluate the potential for human and environmental effects, and determine the effi-
cacy and costs of potential control technologies.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,831,500 supported by 21,1 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,020,000 is for Salaries and Expenses and $811,500 is
for Research and Development. This reflects a decrease of $40,900 in Salaries and
Expenses, a decrease of $168,900 in Research and Development, and a decrease of 2.5
total workyears. These resources were transferred to the interdisciplinary program
to consolidate ORD's efforts to develop uniform risk assessment guidelines. Simi-
larly, hazardous spills research was transferred to the Superfund program where the
work is more appropriately carried out.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory Acti vitiesT Health effects assessments will be prepared at varying
levels of detail for specific chemicals or hazardous waste sites. These may range
from detailed, exhaustive assessments on a particular site through summarized
assessments leadi ng to determinations of "Acceptable Daily Intakes," accompanied
only by a brief explanation. Assessment methods developed in 1984 will be revised
to reflect recent developments in toxicology and exposure evaluation. Of particu-
lar concern will be developments in the areas of metabolism studies and prediction
of physical and chemical parameters from chemical structure. Also, to correct fre-
quent limitations in transport and fate assessments, critical physical and chemical
properties wi 11 be obtained for compounds contained in hazardous wastes.
Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address Dioxin. The
risk assessment methodology for hypothetical exposure situations will be completed.
Risk assessment models for other i somers also will be developed. The most toxic
i somers will be used in chronic and subchronic animal testing to determi ne ti ssue
distribution, and simple neurologic and reproductive endpoints. The birth weight
and childhood cancer rate studies will continue in an effort to determine if dioxin
exposure i s statistically correlated with abnormalities in these parameters.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency i s allocating a total of $2,041,300 and 23.6 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,060,900 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $980,400 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Hastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory Activities. Ongoing support activities include the preparation of
Health and Envi ronmental Effects Profiles (HEEP) for approximately one hundred
chemicals to support regulatory office listing decisions and preparation of other
health assessments at different levels of detail as needed by the program.
HW-13
-------
Develop Technical Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA Permitting and
Enforcement Activi ties.Health risk assessments are being modified to ref 1 ect
recent developments in toxicology and exposure evaluation. Of special concern will
be developments in the areas of structure-toxicological activity relationships,
metaboli sm studi es, prediction of physical and chemical parameters from chemical
structure, risk associated with less than lifetime exposure, and estimating exposure
from waste site vapors and dust.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Materials
Releases. Ongoing support activities include preparation of approximately one hun-
dred health summaries and developoment of chemical-speci fie data regarding the
properties and health hazards of substances involved in spills for use by on-scene
personnel.
Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address Dioxin. Ex-
posure and risk assessment techniques applicable to 2,3,7,8-dioxin exposed popula-
tions are being developed and should be completed early in 1984. A risk assessment
technique for individuals involved in specific hypothetical exposure situations is
being initiated. An effort is also underway in conjunction with the Missouri
Health and Vital Statistics Department to geographically correlate birth weights
and childhood cancer rates with documented 2,3,7,8-dioxi n levels.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$169,500 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammi ngs. (+$169,500) Several reprogramnri ngs were made to this activi-
ty which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations.
These changes resulted in a net increase of +$169,500 to the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983 the Agency obligated a total of $1,447,700 and 18.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $832,300 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $615,400 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropri ation.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory Activities. In 1983, Health and"Environmental Effects Profi 1 es
were updated for 48 chemicals and ten Profiles were completed on chemicals not pre-
viously addressed to support the listing of hazardous wastes under RCRA Section
3001.
Develop Technical Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA Permuting and
Enforcement Activities. In 1983, a symposium was held to assess the state-of-the-
art methods which have been and are being used in health risk assessments for mul-
tiple chemical exposures. Results will enable use of improved methods in risk
assessment to support permitting and enforcement functions.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Releases.
In 1983, enforcement-related health summaries were completed for 30 chemicals like-
ly to be involved in accidental release situations.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,120,400 supported by 43.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,905,000 is for Salaries and Expenses and $6,215,400
HW-14
-------
is for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $1,278,500 in
Research and Development, an increase of $1,005,900 in Salaries and Expenses and an
increase of 8 total workyears. The increases will support the continuing valida-
tion of waste characterization analytical methods and validation of methods for
instack monitoring.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory Activities. Cost effective procedures for characterizing wastes
will be accelerated. DTJFaining high quality data will be emphasized as analytical
methods are evaluated. Where proven methods are lacking for analysis of RCRA
wastes, new methods will be evaluated, such as the inductively coupled plasma/
Atomic Absorption method for contaminated soils. Laboratory techniques to deter-
mine such characteristics of wastes as corrosivity, gas generation reactivity and
ignitability are also being developed. Validation of the methods contained in the
publication "Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste" (SW-846) will continue. New
ambient air moni tori ng techniques for rapid screening and identification of organic
air pollutants such as benzene and toluene will be developed.
Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support RCRA Treatment, Storage and Dis-
posal Regulations" Fi el d mo ni to ri ng met hods wi 11 continue to be devel oped foF
hazardous waste site investigations. These will include geophysical techniques
such as downhole sensors, vadose zone monitoring, and plume detection methods.
Evaluation of two methods for determining the effectiveness of incinerators will be
accelerated. These methods are the volatile organic industry stack sampling train
and semi volatile organic stack sampling train.
Develop Techni cal Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA Permitting and
Enforcement Activities. Analytical methods will be developed for use in rapidly
identifying hazardous wastes at permitted sites. A portable x-ray fluorescence
device will be developed for screening suspected wastes. A technique for screening
organic compounds with infrared spectrometry will be evaluated. Guidance will be
provided on the selection of parameters which will reliably indicate the presence
of hazardous constituents in groundwater during site operation and post closure
moni tori ng.
Develop Techniques ancd Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Materials
Releases. The technology and"remote monitoring techniques required to support
Regional compliance programs will be applied. Aerial photo analysis will be pro-
vided at a centralized data gathering and interpretation facility. New methods and
techniques for analyzing aerial photos, satellite imagery, thermal and multi spec-
tral data will be developed for identification of spills and spill movement.
Provide Quality Assurance to the Hazardous Waste Programs. Evaluation and
distribution of standard reference materials will be continued. The site labora-
tory performance evaluations effort started last year will increase and include the
preparation of performance samples for submission to the analytical laboratories.
TheDioxin Monitoring Program will assure that OSW and Regions acquire analytical
data of known quality.
Conduct Assessment and Control Research to Address Pi oxi n. Di oxi n research
initiated in 1984 wi 11 continue to develop sampling and analysis guidance at the
parts per trillion or parts per quadrillion level for di oxi n in air, water, soil
sediment and fish. Guidance for additional i somers will also be developed. Issues
will include the use of high resolution methods, their sensitivity and limitations.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $7,836,000 and 35.0 total work-
years for this program of which $2,899,100 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $4,936,900 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
HW-15
-------
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory Activities. Procedures for efficiently character! zi ngspecific
wastes and criteria and tests for determining if a waste constitutes a potential
hazard continue to be investigated. A protocol is being prepared and tested to de-
termine the precision, accuracy, sensitivity, and reliability of advanced analytical
methods when applied to highly toxic wastes. Methods are being developed for de-
tection of organics in the ambient air around waste disposal facilities.
Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support RCRA Treatment, Storage and Dis-
posal Regulations. Monitoring research is exploring improved field methods. Guide-
lines for post-closure monitoring of ground water and techniques for monitoring
soils, air, and biota are being developed. Geophysical techniques are being inves-
tigated for hazardous waste landfill monitoring, and an extraction procedure for
use in determining the Teachability of cyanide in wastes is being developed. Vali-
dation of methods for instack monitoring of volatiles and senri-volati les is being
i niti ated.
Develop Technical Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA Permitting and
Enforcement Activities. Screening methods and biological monitoring methods are
being developed for use in identifying hazardous wastes at permitted sites. Remote
moni tori ng techniques will be investigated for use in issuing permits and for en-
forcement activities.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Materials
Releases. Technology and related remote monitoring techniques required to support
Regional compliance programs and methods necessary to provide data to on-scene
coordinators in emergency situations are being developed. Centralized data gather-
ing and interpretation facilities are applying methods and techniques to analyze
aerial photos.
Provide Quality Assurance to the Hazardous Waste Program. Evaluation of stan-
dard reference materials is continuing. On-site laboratory performance evaluations
have increased and preparation of performance samples are being submitted to con-
tract and Regional analytical laboratories. The Agency's Dioxin Monitoring Program
is being expanded to ensure that the data collected by the Program and Regional
offices are of known quality.
Conduct Assessment & Control Research to Address Dioxin. A methodology for
measuri ng dioxi ns and dibenzofurans at the parts per trillion 1 evel usi ng hi gh
resolution GC/MS is being developed. Standard approaches for sampling and analysis
of 2,3,7,8 TCDD and other chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxi ns in environmental samples
is being investigated. A guidance document for managers and analysts is being
prepared for sampling and measuring dioxin.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$150,400 results from the following actions:
-Reprogramnrings. (-$150,400) Several reprogrammi ngs were made to this activi-
ty whimwere not report able under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$87,400 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and a net decrease of -$63,000 to the Research and Development appro-
pri ation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983 the Agency obligated a total of $7,127,700 and 27.9 total workyears of
which $3,108,000 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $4,019,700
was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropriation.
HW-16
-------
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA "Regul atory Activities. Analytical methods were evaluated to determine their
precision, accuracy, and reliability. Studies were performed to identify instru-
ment operating conditions and quality assurance requirements for the analysis of
wastes. Methods for use in determining whether a waste is hazardous due to its
flash point were evaluated.
Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support RCRA Treatment, Storage and Pi spo-
sal Regulations. Research was conducted on techniques for detecting contamination
before it gets to the water table. Geophysical techniques (resistivity, electro-
magnetic induction, and ground penetrating radar) to detect contamination were
evaluated. Research was conducted on how to monitor leachates resulting from
ruptured synthethic and natural liners.
Develop Technical Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA Permitting and
Enforcement Acti vi ti es. Research on analytic methods for dioxin was initiated and
technical assistance to Regional and State enforcement officials was provided.
Methods were evaluated to determine corrosivity, ignitabi lity, and reactivity of
wastes.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Materials
Releases. The 1983 Hazardous Spil Is Program was transferred to the Hazardous
Waste Program from the Municipal Wastewater Program. Remote sensing of spills was
conducted with overhead aerial support. Interpretation of imagery for the Spill
Prevention, Containment and Control (SPCC) Program was conducted and river spill
contingency planning was accomplished.
Provide Quality Assurance to the Hazardous Waste Program. Thi s program de-
veloped, evaluated, and provided standard reference materials in support of RCRA
waste characterization. A repository of standard reference materials containing
priority pollutants and hazardous substances was provided. Support was provided
to the OSW in the areas of methods validation, and development of quality assurance
criteria for analytical data.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,343,300 supported by 8.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $756,400 is for Salaries and Expenses and $586,900 is for
Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $375,200 in Salaries and
Expenses to support an increasingly in-house program to develop a series of tests
to characterize wastes as hazardous.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory ActlvitiesTThe goal of this program is to provide an inexpensive
and rapid qualitative screening protocol (prescreen) for use in characterizing the
health hazards of substances proposed for listing and deli sting actions. Research
will focus on developing a biological testing battery of short term tests to deter-
mine potential adverse human health effects. These tests will emphasize exposure
to complex mixtures. Once completed, these tests will support li sting/deli sting
decisions as well as permitting and enforcement activities.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $968,100 and 8.0 total workyears
to this program of which $381,200 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $586,900 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
pri at ion.
HW-17
-------
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory Activities. Short-term test syst ems for use In evaluating the
health effects of exposure to complex hazardous waste mixtures are being developed.
These test systems are state-of-the-art for testing single compounds but require
development and validation for use on complex mixtures.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accompli shments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,050,000 and 4 total workyears for
this program, of which $358,300 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $691,700 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
pri at ion.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory Activities. Development of a neurological field testing system to
determine the adverse effects of exposure to hazardous wastes on human behavior
was completed and is being validated. A normative data base was developed to
determi ne human sensory, cognitive, and motor performance capabilities. This
effort provided'a battery of tests to rapidly identify health problems in workers
at hazardous waste sites. The tests will also be used during permitting, com-
pliance monitoring and cleanup operations.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $16,351,900 supported by 102.4 total workyears
for this program, an increase of $2,400 and 15.4 total worJcyears from 1984. Inclu-
ded in this total is $4,784,600 for Salaries and Expenses and $11,567,300 for Re-
search and Development with an increase of $948,200 and a decrease of $945,800
respectively. The increase primarily reflects a greater emphasis toward evaluating
and comparing alternative treatment technologies to land disposal. The decrease
reflects completion of the field assessment project for incinerators.
Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support RCRA Treatment, Storage and Dispo-
sal Regulations. Section 3004 of RCRA requires the Agency to promulgate regula-
tions establi shi ng performance standards for both new and existing factilities
that treat, store, and dispose of hazardous wastes. Analytical methods to determine
incinerator destruction efficiency and a methodology for continuous control tech-
nology monitoring will be developed to support regulations. Surface impoundments
research will include analysis of infiltration data and leakage rate data to deter-
mi ne performance of installed clay liners. Land disposal research will emphasize
analysis of (1) the cause/effect relationship of subsidence on cover systems
integrity; (2) the long-term viability of modified bentonite clay for liners;
(3) redesign of land disposal systems proven to be inadequate; and (4) processes
for solidifying and fixing wastes. Data will be obtained for the design and
operation of land treatment facilities including: (1) the effects of waste
mixtures; (2) closure procedures; (3) examination of treatment zone limitation
required by RCRA, and (4) evaluation of run-off control needs. A manual on
hazardous waste land treatment will be updated to reflect the state-of-the-art.
Develop Technical Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA Permitting and
Enforcement Activities. Engineering research is divided into four areas:
laboratory scale incineration; pilot scale incineration; high temperature indus-
trial processes; and alternative technology assessment. Laboratory scale research
will continue to focus on the development of destruction efficiency and by-product
HW-18
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formation data of selected hazardous compounds. In addition, research on combus-
tion processes to better understand the failure modes of incinerators will be
undertaken. Pilot scale research will continue to develop data on destruction
efficiencies under varied waste loads and operating conditions using two types of
incinerators. Destruction of hazardous waste in high temperature industrial
furnaces will continue to be investigated.
Performance evaluations and engineering assessments of hazardous waste treat-
ment processes which can provide alternatives to land disposal and incineration
will be accelerated. Both exi sting tech nologi es and emergi ng technologi es are i n-
cluded in this effort. The goal of this effort is to characterize the performance
of these systems and to quantify the character of process residues, liquid efflu-
ents and air emissions.
Special attention will be devoted to high hazard wastes. The chemical detoxi-
fication of these high hazard wastes will be evaluated. A field application manual
will be produced and made available to the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response and the Regions and will include alternative, cost effective chemical
methods that may be applied to a variety of high hazard wastes. As an alternative
to chemical methods, genetic engineering studies will be initiated to evaluate the
technical and environmental implications of these organisms.
Technical Resource Documents (TRDs) will be updated in the following subject
areas: (1) liner compatabi lity guidance, (2) soil liner design, and (3) clay liner
desi gn.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Material
Releases. Research will focus on the evaluation of technology to detect and coun-
teract leaks from underground storage tanks, as well as continuation of the examin-
ation of emerging commercially available technologies for applicability to spill
and waste site cleanup problems. Additionally, performance testing will be con-
tinued in order to provide technical guidance for selecting and using chemicals to
control releases of floating hazardous substances. This program will provide
emergency response personnel with information regarding the most cost effective
technologies available as well as data to support Agency policy on chemical use
in accordance with the National Contingency Plan.
Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address Pi oxi n.
Di oxi n Engi neeri ng research wi 11 focus on continuation of work initiated in 1984
and on evaluation of the technical feasibility and costs of alternative remedial
techniques. Specific activities will include: expanding the Method 5 sampling
train to characterize di oxi n emissions from combustion processes; testing and
evaluati ng the mobile incinerator and soils washer in New Jersey; and testing and
evaluating ultraviolet photolysis and solvent reagents on di oxi n contaminated soil
plots.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $16,349,500 and 87.0 total work-
years to this program, of which $3,836,400 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $12,513,100 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support RCRA Treatment, Storage and Dispo-
sal Regulations. Research is being conducted on process measurement and the de-
velopment of improved sampling and analysis protocols which can be used to routine-
ly sample incinerators being used to dispose of hazardous wastes to ensure they
mai ntai n their destruction efficiency. On-going research in land disposal is
focusing on the study of synthetic and natural liners to determine their expected
service life and ability to retain or retard the movement of hazardous pollutants.
HW-19
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Research on containment systems is being conducted to provide reliable information
for policy guidance to State agencies and for determining whether regulations are
adequate or excessive.
Design, operation, and closure procedures for surface impoundments is being
developed to minimize environmental and health impacts. Land treatment research
is directed toward determining optimum techniques for using the assimilative
capacity of the land for application of hazardous wastes, providing guidance on
leachate control, site selection, fate and transport, and establishing waste load-
ing rates commensurate with organic degradation.
Develop Technical Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA Permitting and
and Enforcement Activities. Technical Resource Documents (TRD's) are being updated
for di sposal faci lities lo provide more detailed, up-to-date guidance to the
Regions and State agencies responsible for permitting and enforcing applicable
regulations. The TRD's document procedures for design, operation, maintenance, and
closure of facilities and the extent to which these procedures will minimize the
release of pollutants to the environment.
Research is also focusing on the assessment of incinerator performance, other
high temperature processes, and alternative technologies which may be used in the
destruction .of hazardous wastes.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Materials
Releases. Acti vitiesare concentrati ng on development of new, more effective
techniques and procedures in support of emergency responses to hazardous materials
releases. Research is being conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using specia-
lized equipment and techniques from different industries for adaptation to removal
of releases. User's manuals are being prepared on prevention, containment and
cleanup of residuals.
Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address Dioxin.
Research will provide data in the following areas:the release of dioxin from con-
taminated soils; dioxin emissions from industrial boilers and commercial incinera-
tors; the technical and economic feasibility of existing technologies for on-site
treatment; an effective solvent/reagent scheme for field treatment of dioxin con-
taminated soils; and an assessment of transformer fires for dioxin and furan forma-
tion.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$15,800 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$15,800) Several reprogrammings were made to this activi-
ty which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations.
These changes resulted in a net increase of +$68,200 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and a net decrease of -$84,000 to the Research and Development appro-
pri ation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983 the Agency obligated a total of $18,429,700 and 108.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,998,700 was under the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $13,431,000 was for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support RCRA Treatment, Storage and Di spo-
sal Regulations, A~ni niti al assessment of the effect! veness of clay soTTs as
liners for landfills and surface impoundments by determining the effects of organic
HW-20
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solvents on the permeability of clay soils was completed. In the chemical stabi-
lization area, the assessment of the long-term field performance of the solidified
treated wastes was completed.
A Hazardous Waste Land Treatment Pilot Research Facility was established to
develop a broad, comprehensive data base relating to the efficacy of land treatment
as a hazardous waste management alternative for a wide variety of waste types.
Develop Technical Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA Permitting and
Enforcement Activities. Two additional Technical Resource Documents were prepared
and submitted to the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response for public
notice. These documents related to waste leaching and clay soil liners. Labora-
tory and pilot scale research was conducted to better define the operating condi-
tions required for the destruction of hazardous wastes and to simulate full scale
i ncinerati on conditions. This included research on destruction efficiencies,
by-product formation and air emission characteristics to allow scale-up to full
scale i nci nerators.
Research was conducted to obtain emission and performance data at full scale
industrial facilities for the combustion of hazardous wastes mixed with conven-
tional fuels in industrial boilers and a cement kiln. Research was also conducted
to evaluate advanced hazardous waste treatment technologies including studies on
advanced biological conversion processes, supercritical solvents and metals re-
covery using adapted metallurgical techniques.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Materials
Releases. Over one dozen hazardous material release research reports were comple-
ted during 1983. They cover such issues as prevention, situation assessment and
analytical support, containment and confinement, separation and concentration,
ultimate destruction, and restoration. In addition, research was initiated for
development of a cover system for waste lagoons to eliminate rain water overtop-
ping, and development of improved techniques for removal of sediments containing
hazardous materials.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS.
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,109,600 supported by 53.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,681,300 is for Salaries and Expenses and $2,428,300
is for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $146,300 and a
decrease of $143,600 respectively. The decrease reflects completion of a project
to develop, evaluate, and recommend a biological screening protocol for assessment
of hazardous releases. The increase reflects the need for additional resources to
support in-house projects.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory Activities. The two research areas that support listing decisions
for new, complex wastes streams will be continued. Quantitative Structure Activity
Relationship (QSAR) methods, which are used to predict the toxicity of single
chemicals, wi 11 be adapted for use with complex waste mixtures. Classes of chemi-
cals which have the same modes of toxicological action will be defined. Microcosm
technology will test specific wastes. When completed, this technology will provide
a fast and inexpensive determination of a waste's potential to move in the environ-
ment.
Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support RCRA Treatment, Storage and Dispo-
sal Regulations. Field and laboratory studies of the processes studied in 1983 and
1984 on individual waste components in ground water wi 11 be accelerated with empha-
sis on the effects of subsurface variabilities and mixtures of organic co-solvents.
In addition, the adaptation and improvement of models for predicting human exposure
to emissions from landfills will be accelerated.
HW-21
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Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Materials
Releases. This program provides on-scene coordinators with evaluated methods,
criteria, and guidance with which to conduct and interpret bioassessments of
samples from hazardous release sites. Bioassessment methods developed and field
evaluated during 1983 and 1984 will be synthesized into a user-oriented protocol.
The battery of evaluated bioassessments will enable response personnel to determine
the extent and degree to which an area is contaminated with biologically available
hazardous substances.
Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address Dioxin.
Research in two areas will continue to support efforts to assess and control dioxin
contamination. Laboratory experiments will define the potential uptake, bioaccumu-
lation and bioavai lability of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in selected fish, plants and mammals.
Laboratory studies will define the potential movement and persistence of 2,3,7,
8-TCDD in soils and water. These studies will provide an initial assessment of
the movement and food-chain impact of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and will be used in modelling
the risk it poses to humans and ecosystems.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $5,106,900 and 53.0 total workyears to this
program, of which $2,535,000 is for the Salaries and Expenses Appropriation and
$2,571,9.00 i s for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory Activities. Research developing quantitative structure activity
relationships and microcosm technology methods for predicting waste toxicity and
mobility are currently underway. QSAR methods were first developed in the Toxics
program for predicting the toxicity of single chemicals.
Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support RCRA Treatment, Storage and Dispo-
sal Regulations. This research is developing models to determine potential human
exposure resulti ng from various methods of hazardous waste disposal. A consider-
able portion of this research is devoted to developing, improving, and field evalu-
ating groundwater models (by supplementing the groundwater research in the Drink-
ing Water Decision Unit), since this is considered the major potential route of
exposure to hazardous wastes. Other efforts include coordinating groundwater with
other exposure routes for multimedia predictions.
Develop Technical Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA Permitting and
Enforcement Acti vi ties. Criteria developed in 1983 for site selection and evalua-
tion based on site-specific hydrogeological factors are being evaluated in several
hydrogeological settings jointly by EPA and USGS.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Materials
Releases! Fi eld evaluations o? bi oassessment sampling and assay procedures and
compari sons of bi oassessment results with documented environmental field assess-
ments are being evaluated at a semi-tropical geoclimatic region. Evaluations of
terrestrial indicator species responses are being conducted and the recommendations
of a technical program review panel are being implemented.
Conduct the Assessment and Control Research Necessary to Address Dioxin.
Laboratory studies are being initiated to define the potential transport and fate
of 2,3,7,8-TCDD through human food chains and the environment. These data will be
used to estimate human and ecosystem exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD.
HW-22
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$57,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramnriing. (-$57,000) A reprogrammi ng was made to this activity which
was not report able under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$57,000 to the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $5,376,700 and 48.5 total workyears
for thi s program, of which $2,823,300 was under the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,553,400 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Characterize Wastes for Listing and Other
RCRA Regulatory Activities^An integrated computer system to estimate properties
of chemicals such as bi oconcent ration factor and acute toxicity in aquatic animals,
was completed. Microcosm technology was developed, constructed and tested, and is
now being used to predict the subsurface behavior of actual chemicals of interest.
Develop Technical Data Necessary to Support RCRA Treatment Storage,-and Dispo-
sal Regulations. A study was completed entitled "Groundwater Modeling of Selected
Hydrogeological Settings to Determine Leachate Fate and Transport from Waste Facil-
ities." The second year's monitoring at a small field site was completed where
five chemicals and two tracers were injected into an aquifer. The results will be
available for model verification in 1984. This is the first groundwater field
project to use a natural gradient and follow an organic chemical plume from its
i nception.
Develop Technical Data and Methods Necessary to Support RCRA Permitting and
Enforcement Activities. A scientific advisory group was formed to develop the pro-
tocol for judging the suitability of a site for waste disposal based on hydrogeolo-
gical factors.
Develop Techniques and Procedures to Prevent and Contain Hazardous Materials
Releases. The 1983 Releases Program was transferred to the Hazardous Waste Program
from the Municipal Wastewater Program. During 1983, environmental sampling and
field assessments were conducted at a semi-arid geoclimatic region.
HW-23
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Abatement and
Control
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
HAZARDOUS WASTE HW-1
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines and Policies HW-25
Regulations, Guidelines & Policies - Hazardous Waste HW-27
Fi nancial Assistance HW-31
Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States HW-32
Waste Management Strategies Implementation HW-35
Hazardous Waste Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation. HW-36
24
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines & Policies
ACTUAL BUDGET
1983 ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGFAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Regulations, Guidelines «
Policies - Hazardous Waste
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL $25,172.0 $20,592.3 $27,197.0 $27,197.0
$7,994.9 $6,928.3 $8,135.5 $8,135.5
$17,177.1 $13,664.0 $19,061.5 $19,061.5
$10,311.9 $2,176.4
$24,198.0 $5,136.5
$34,509.9 $7,312.9
IN3
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines & Policies
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Regulations, Guidelines 8 164.6 155.9 192.4 192.4 217.4 25.0
Policies - Hazardous Waste
TOTAL WORKYEARS 164.6 155.9 192.4 192.4 217.4 25.0
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Regulations, Guidelines, and Policies
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $34,509,900 supported by 217.4 total workyears
for this subactivity of which $10,311,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $24,198,00 for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropria-
tion. This represents a net increase of $7,312,900 and 25.0 workyears.
Program Description
The Agency's hazardous waste regulatory, guidance, and policy making activi-
ties are carried out under this program. Activities include provision of national
guidance and oversight to the Regions and States for implementation of the hazard-
ous waste regulatory program, including facility permitting, and management of a
national compliance monitoring and technical enforcement program. Other activities
include reviewing and revising existing hazardous waste regulations, as necessary,
and completing the development of the hazardous waste program to fill in key
regulatory gaps.
Regulations, Guidelines, and Policies - Hazardous Waste This Headquarters'
program provides for tRe management 67tHe national Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA) Subtitle C hazardous waste program. Activities include the
issuance of guidance to the Regions and States for nationally consistent adminis-
tration of the Subtitle C regulations as well as evaluation of implementation
policies. In addition, this program includes the promulgation and refinement of
the criteria and regulations for identification, tracking, management, and disposal
of hazardous wastes. Technical studies, regulatory impact and economic analyses,
and assessments of control options and technologies necessary for regulatory
decision-making are also covered.
REGULATIONS, GUIDELINES, AND POLICIES - HAZARDOUS WASTE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $34,509,900 supported by 217.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $10,311,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $24,198,000 will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appro-
priation. This represents an increase of $7,312,900 and 25.0 total workyears. Of
this amount, $2,176,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$5,136,500 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. These
increases will support the Agency's efforts to list new wastes, ban wastes from
land disposal, and develop regulations for boilers and small quantity generators.
Resources requested will concentrate on granting States full authorization to
administer their own hazardous waste program in lieu of the Agency. The Agency
will review applications for authorization against criteria for full equivalence
with the Federal program and will prepare guidance documents on full authorization
and implementation of State hazardous waste programs. Other activities include
reviewing and refining State reporting requirements, as necessary, for national
program management and accountability to Congress, and establishing policies and
procedures for approving revisions to State programs after full authorization. The
annual on-site program reviews will continue. The focus of these in-depth program
evaluations will shift to program performance in authorized States. EPA will
analyze data on the status of Regional and State permitting activities for perform-
ance against call-in and final determination (includes issuance, denial, and ap-
proved closures or withdrawals) targets, identification of impediments to permit-
ting, and development of recommendations to improve Regional and State performance.
HW-27
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Permit Assistance Teams (PATS) will support permit development. They will be
responsible for reviewing and commenting on major (incineration and land disposal
facilities) permit actions conducted by the authorized States. PAT reviews serve
to ensure proper application and interpretation of regulations, nationally consis-
tent permit conditions, and technical advice on difficult issues.
Resources in the Headquarter's enforcement program will support the compliance
monitoring and enforcement programs in the States and Regions. The Agency will
review the enforcement aspects of full authorization applications with special
emphasis on ground water monitoring, closure plans, and financial responsibility
instruments. In addition, the Agency will develop program policy and provide
information on technical issues to Regional and State personnel to address defi-
ciencies and improve implementation of the technically complex aspects of the
program. Contract resources will provide technical assistance, training, and
specialized expertise for the Regions and States.
The Agency plans to complete the regulatory impact analysis for small quantity
generators and the evaluation of air emissions from storage, treatment, and dis-
posal facilities. The Agency will propose standards for waste oil and rules for
restricting land disposal of wastes containing solvents and dioxins. The Agency
will also propose technical standards and promulgate administrative standards for
boilers. In addition to these activities, the Agency will propose and/or promul-
gate the following Section 3001 listings: Pesticides, organo bromines, carbamates,
chlorinated aliphatics, and lithium batteries.
To fullfill mandates under RCRA Section 8002, the Agency will complete reports
to Congress on utility and metals mining wastes and propose a regulation on smelt-
ing and refining wastes. The Agency will also begin the other studies required
under Section 8002. The Agency will propose RCRA Section 6002 procurement guide-
lines for paper containing recovered materials. Work on other required guidelines
under Section 6002 will be initiated.
In order to review and revise existing regulations, the Agency will begin
development of location standards addressing hydrogeologic and climatic locations
that are not appropriate for land disposal. The Agency will also propose land
disposal liner standards covering the use of soil liners 1n conjunction with
synthetic liners. In addition, the Agency will promulgate regulatory amendments
for liquids in landfills and class permits for storage facilities and propose
amendments for underground tanks.
The Agency will develop guidance on new regulatory actions which will affect
the implementation of the RCRA program, particularly regulations covering boilers
and banning certain wastes from landfills. Additionally, the Agency will revise
and update existing documents to reflect regulatory and policy modifications and
new technical information.
1984 Program .
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $27,197,000 and 192.4 total
workyears to this program, of which $8,135,500 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $19,061,500 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement,
Control, and Compliance appropriation.
Under the implementation and enforcement components of this program, the
Agency will focus on assisting the Regions and States on State authorization,
permitting, and enforcement activities. These activities include timely review
of applications for final authorization, training for permit writers and inspec-
tors, and developing program policy and guidance documents.
The Agency will continue to develop regulations to fill in gaps in the regu-
latory program. For small quantity generators, the Agency will complete a survey
to determine the numbers and types of generators, quantities and types of waste
HW-28
-------
generated, and waste management practices. In addition, the Agency will evaluate
State program data on small quantity generators. The effort to restrict certain
wastes from land disposal will focus on an analysis of wastes containing dioxins
and solvents. The Agency will develop standards governing the management and
listing of waste oil. In conjunction with these activities, the Agency will
continue to list waste from processes within the organic chemical industry. An
interim final rule on chlorinated aliphatics will be proposed. Proposals for
lithium batteries and toluene diisocyanate, to name a few, will occur. The Agency
will promulgate the dioxin waste listing. In addition, the Agency will complete
the risk assessment analysis to support development of air emission standards.
The Agency will continue to review and revise existing hazardous waste regula-
tions. Major regulatory amendment activities include: Proposal of standards for
class permits of storage facilities; proposal of standards governing bulk liquids
in landfills and notice of free liquids test methods; and promulgation of the
definition of solid waste and satellite accumulation. The Agency will conduct
regulatory impact analyses to support development of regulatory amendments for
liner standards and underground tanks.
The Agency plans to draft reports to Congress on utility and metals mining
wastes and develop regulations on smelting and refining wastes. The Agency will
also prepare a report to Congress on the Post-Closure Liability Trust Fund.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $25,172,000 and 164.6 total workyears for this
program, of which $7,994,900 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$17,177,100 for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation.
Headquarters provided national guidance to the Regions and States on RCRA
implementation policies and requirements. State authorization activities included
pre-application reviews of State statutes, review of draft and complete applications
for authorization, and guidance documents such as the full authorization guidance
manual. The Agency also proposed regulations revising the State RCRA program by
allowing States one full year from the effective date of amended Federal regula-
tions to make revisions in their programs. In addition, annual RCRA program re-
views were started. Teams, led by Headquarters, assessed management of the imple-
mentation activities by the Regional offices as well as by selected States.
The Agency established the Permit Advisory Committee (PAC) consisting of
representatives from industry, government, and environmental interest groups to
make recommendations on policy, technical, and procedural improvements for the
RCRA permit program. In addition, Headquarters continued to provide national
Permit Assistance Teams (PATs). The teams provide expert technical and procedural
assistance for developing sound facility permits.
Management of the RCRA enforcement activities included development and issu-
ance of guidance documents; the provision of expert witnesses for Federal and
State enforcement actions; laboratory testing and analysis in support of Federal
enforcement actions and compliance sampling inspections.
The Agency initiated regulatory activities to cover small quantity generators,
waste oil, boilers, the restriction of certain wastes from land disposal, and
financial responsibility requirements for corrective action at land disposal faci-
lities. The Agency also began a study to identify wastes and to evaluate control
technologies for air emissions from hazardous waste facilities. In addition, the
HW-29
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Agency continued to document and propose the listing of wastes from processes
within various organic chemical industries. The Agency proposed the listing of
dioxin-containing wastes and developed an interim final rule on chlorinated alipha-
tics.
The Agency continued its review and revision of the RCRA Section 3004 facility
standards. Major activities included: Evaluation of liner requirements, develop-
ment of standards for storage of wastes in underground tanks, and development of
standards for class permits of storage facilities. The Agency also developed
plans to modify CFR Part 264/265 of RCRA Section 3004 to prohibit disposal of
bulk liquids in landfills and to specify test methods for Identifying free liquids.
HW-30
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Financial Assistance
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Hazardous Waste
Management Financial
Assistance to States
Abatement Control and $43,975.0 $42,500.0 $47,000.0 $47,000.0 $47,000.0
Compliance
TOTAL $43,975.0 $42,500.0 $47,000.0 $47,000.0 $47,000.0
Resource Recovery Local
Financial Assistance
Abatement Control and $29.0
Compliance
TOTAL $29.0
TOTAL:
Abatement Control and $44,004.0 $42,500.0 $47,000.0 $47,000.0 $47,000.0
Compliance
Financial Assistance TOTAL $44,004.0 $42,500.0 $47,000.0 $47,000.0 $47,000.0
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Financial Assistance
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $47,000,000 for this program under the Abate-
ment, Control, and Compliance appropriation. This is the same resource level pro-
vided for 1984.
Program Description
This program provides financial assistance to State governments for developing
and implementing the hazardous waste management programs under Subtitle C of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
Hazardous Waste Management Financial Assistance to States This program pro-
vides financial assistance to States to develop, implement, and enforce programs
that monitor and control hazardous wastes from cradle to grave, including genera-
tion, transportation, storage, treatment, and disposal.
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO STATES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $47,000,000 for this program under the Abate-
ment, Control, and Compliance appropriation. Resources remain constant with 1984.
This level is due to a shift in program emphasis from program development activi-
ties, as the States achieve authorization, to permitting and enforcement activi-
ties.
States that are awarded grants must either be operating a substantially equi-
valent hazardous waste program under interim authorization or working toward full
authorization through a Cooperative Arrangement. State grant targets are allocated
on a formula basis that accounts for a State's population, land area, number of
hazardous waste generators, and amount of hazardous waste. The actual grant amount
is negotiated based on the target, but depends on the portion of the Federal pro-
gram the State is operating. States are required to provide a 25% match in order
to receive these funds.
States will use these funds to continue progress toward authorization. States
will submit applications for full authorization and work to ensure that their pro-
grams are equivalent to the Federal program. The Agency estimates 40 States will
receive full authorization by the end of 1985. The remaining States will have
applications under review.
States will also play a strong role in national permitting efforts. As in
1984, almost half of the State grant resources will be earmarked for permitting
activities. In order to expedite the processing of permits for new or expanding
facilities, States will devote sufficient permitting resources to respond to all
anticipated applications from these facilities. Authorized States will be respon-
sible for processing approximately 1,377 permits in 1985. However, the States
will not complete processing on all of these permits to the point of issuance or
denial in 1985 because of the length of time required for final determination.
Of the permits in process, the Agency expects States to complete final action on
440 permits.
The States, in conjunction with the Regions, will continue their focus on
improving compliance with the interim status standards. States will perform
approximately 12,000 compliance monitoring inspections. Emphasis will remain on
HW-32
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evaluating the adequacy of ground water monitoring systems. In addition, the
States will complete technical reviews of closure/post-closure plans and financial
assurance instruments for all non-major interim status facilities. States will
issue, as necessary, administrative enforcement actions in response to significant
violations.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $47,000,000 to State financial assistance
under the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation. States are using these
funds to continue working toward interim and full authorization and to continue
operating the Federal program for unauthorized phases through Cooperative Arrange-
ments.
Based on the Agency's promulgation of the land disposal regulations in July
1982, Phase IIC (permitting of land disposal facilities) and full authorization
became available January 1983. By the close of 1984, 47 States and Territories
will be in some phase of authorization as a result of their progress in developing
satisfactory hazardous waste management authorities and programs.
States with Phase II authorization will be expected to focus 50 percent of
their resources on permitting new and expanding facilities and major facilities,
i.e., incineration and land disposal facilities. Cooperative Arrangement States
will be eligible, based on Region and State negotiations, technically to evaluate
permit applications; however, EPA retains responsibility for making the final
permit decision of issuance or denial. Authorized States will be responsible for
processing approximately 1,038 permits in 1984. It is estimated that the States
will make final determinations on approximately 395 permit applications.
State compliance monitoring and enforcement efforts, in partnership with
Federal activities, will concentrate on establishing an enforcement presence in
the regulated community. State compliance monitoring activities will focus on
compliance with the ground water monitoring, closure/post-closure, and financial
assurance requirements. The States will conduct intensive ground water monitoring
inspections which will include a detailed technical analysis of the ground water
monitoring systems (e.g., placement and depth of monitoring wells). States will
also complete technical reviews of closure/post-closure plans and financial assur-
ance instruments for all major interim status facilities. Where violations are
detected, States will initiate and follow-up on all enforcement actions.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $43,975,000 for this program under the Abate-
ment, Control, and Compliance appropriation. The grant funds supported continued
development of substantially equivalent legislation and regulations required for
interim authorization, implementation of those programs, and operation of delegated
aspects of the Federal program (manifest, compliance monitoring, permit evaluation)
through Cooperative Arrangements.
States were eligible to apply for interim authorization for Phase I, Phase IIA
(permitting of tanks, containers and piles), and Phase IIB (permitting of incinera-
tion facilities). By the end of 1983, 41 States had received interim authorization
for Phase I and 16 of these States also had interim authorization for Phase IIA/B.
Grant funds also supported Cooperative Arrangements for 11 States to operate
selected aspects of the Federal program. States negotiated with Regions the tasks
they performed while working toward interim authorization. After final negotia-
tion of the grants, both for interim authorized and Cooperative Arrangement States,
HW-33
-------
funds which the States could not expend were used by the Region to provide contrac-
tor support for Implementation of the Federal hazardous waste program.
The States called 1n and Initiated the permit process for 533 storage and
treatment facilities, 46 incineration facilities, and 15 land disposal facilities.
In addition, the States processed nine permits for new or expanding facilities
whose owners or operators submitted applications voluntarily.
State compliance monitoring and enforcement activities concentrated on those
handlers which posed the greatest potential for environmental problems, such as
ground water monitoring facilities. States conducted approximately 13,000 compli-
ance monitoring inspections and initiated enforcement actions as necessary.
HW-34
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Strategies Implementation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Hazardous Waste
Management Regulatory
Strategies
Implementation
Salaries & Expenses $11,166.0 $14,135.2 $15,160.7 $14,168.9 $15,334.5 $1,165.6
Abatement Control and $1,691.3 $1,986.4 $2,037.7 $2,058.7 $2,986.4 $927.7
Compliance
TOTAL $12,857.3 $16,121.6 $17,198.4 $16,227.6 $18,320.9 $2,093.3
i, TOTAL:
01 Salaries 8 Expenses $11,166.0 $14,135.2 $15,160.7 $14,168.9 $15,334.5 $1,165.6
Abatement Control and $1,691.3 $1,986.4 $2,037.7 $2,058.7 $2,986.4 $927.7
Compliance
Waste Management TOTAL $12,857.3 $16,121.6 $17,198.4 $16,227.6 $18,320.9 $2,093.3
Strategies
Implementation
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Hazardous Waste 277.4 305.4 332.7 332.7 345.4 12.7
Management Regulatory
Strptegles
Implementation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 277.4 305.4 332.7 332.7 345.4 12.7
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Strategies Implementation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL UORKYEARS
Hazardous Waste 339.2 411.6 439.6 439.6 451.9 12.3
Management Regulatory
Strategies
Implementation
TOTAL WORKYEARS 339.2 411.6 439.6 439.6 451.9 12.3
I
CO
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Waste Management Strategies Implementation
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $18,320,900 supported by 451.9 total workyears
for this subactivity, of which $15,334,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,986,400 for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropri-
ation. This represents a net increase of $2,093,300 and 12.3 workyears.
Program Description
This program includes the hazardous waste implementation program which sup-
ports the Regional activities necessary to oversee, and operate when required, the
RCRA-mandated hazardous waste program.
Hazardous Waste Management Regulatory Strategies Implementation -- This pro-
gram TuppoT:ts~tHe~RegTonaiactivities necessary to provideguidance and technical
assistance to authorized States and to operate the- Federal hazardous waste program
in unauthorized States. Regions assist the States in developing substantially
equivalent hazardous waste management programs to qualify for interim authoriza-
tion and fully equivalent programs to qualify for full authorization which became
available in January 1983.
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT REGULATORY STRATEGIES IMPLEMENTATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $18,320,900 supported by 451.9 total workyears
for this program of which $15,334,500 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,986,400 will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appro-
priation, representing an increase of $2,093,300 and 12.3 total workyears. Of
this amount, $1,165,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$927,700 will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation. This
increase reflects the growing permitting workload facing the Agency. In addition,
this increase will support Regional efforts to enhance State technical capabilities
through training and guidance.
The Regions' highest priority activity in 1985 is State program development.
Aggressive delegation efforts will ensure that a substantial number of States
achieve full authorization before January 1985. The statute intends fnr the States
to have full responsibility for operating a Federally equivalent hazardous waste
program. State programs were eligible for full authorization beginning in January
1983. The statute requires the States to receive full authorization by January
1985 or the Agency must operate the hazardous waste program. However, this dead-
line does not preclude States from continuing to develop their own programs and
attaining full authorization at a later date.
This request will enable the Regions to assist States in the development of
both their authorization applications and their program capabilities. The Regions
will review full authorization applications against full equivalence criteria,
recommend approval of applications in a timely manner, and negotiate State grants
and Cooperative Arrangements.
As a result of this investment, the Agency anticipates that by the end of
1985, 40 States will be fully authorized and 11 States will have applications under
review. States with full authorization applications pending by the end of the year
will be working under Cooperative Arrangements for portions of the program.
HW-37
-------
The Regions' second priority is the preparation and processing of permits in
unauthorized States for new and expanding hazardous waste management facilities,
existing incineration facilities, and existing land disposal facilities. These
facilities will be a high permitting priority due to their greater potential for
adverse environmental impacts. The Regions will complete processing of 294 permits
in 1985. In addition, the Regions will call in 137 facilities in order to maintain
a timely and effective program to permit facilities of the most environmental
concern.
In authorized States, Regions will review State permit actions on major faci-
lities to ensure technical adequacy, enforceability, and national consistency.
Regional review of the initial State processed permits will provide increased
technical knowledge and understanding to the States and will result in a stronger
and more effective State permitting process.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $16,227,600 and 439.6 total
workyears to the program of which $14,168,900 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,058,700 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement,
Control, and Compliance appropriation.
The Regions are negotiating, awarding, and administering grants and Coopera-
tive Arrangements based on the individual State's authorization status and accept-
ance of delegable activities. The Regions operate all manifest activities and
technical evaluations of permit applications not delegated to Cooperative Arrange-
ment States.
The Regions are focusing on delegating the various phases of program authori-
zation. Regions are assisting States to develop application packages, design and
strengthen their programs, and ensure that all interim authorized programs meet
substantial equivalence requirements. In addition, the Regions review applications
for full authorization and ensure that the State programs meet full equivalence
requirements. By the end of 1984, the Agency anticipates that 15 States will have
Phase I only interim authorization, 21 States will possess one or more components
of Phase II interim authorization, and at least 11 States will be fully authorized.
The second critical implementation task is completing the processing of per-
mits. The Regions will make final determinations on 342 permits in 1984. In
addition, the Regions will begin to review State permit actions on major facilities
to ensure national consistency. '
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$970,800 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$970,800) Several reprogrammings were made to this acti-
vity which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$171,400 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and a net increase of +$21,000 to the Abatement, Control and Compli-
ance appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$820,400, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress of September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $12,857,300 and 339.2 total workyears for this
program, of which $11,166,00 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
HW-38
-------
and $1,691,300 for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation.
The Regions focused on assisting States to achieve various phases of authori-
zation. As of September 1983, 41 States had achieved Phase I interim authoriza-
tion and 16 of these States had also received Phase IIA/B interim authorization.
The Agency called in and initiated the permit process for 437 storage and
treatment facilities, 37 incineration facilities, and 284 land disposal facilities.
In addition, the Regions processed 29 permits for new or expanding facilities whose
owners or operators submitted applications voluntarily.
HW-39
-------
Enforcement
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
HAZARDOUS WASTE HW-1
ENFORCEMENT
Hazardous Waste Enforcement HW-41
HW-40
-------
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Hazardous Waste
Enforcement - Office of
Solid Waste 4 Emergency
Response
Salaries & Expenses $2,806.8 $3,509.5 $6,666.1 $5,930.6 $6,930.4 $999.8
Abatement Control and $313.0 $1,750.0 $1,750.0
Compliance
TOTAL $3,119.8 $3,509.5 $6,666.1 $5,930.6 $8,680.4 $2,749.8
TOTAL:
Salaries 4 Expenses $2,806.8 $3,509.5 $6,666.1 $5,930.6 $6,930.4 $999.8
Abatement Control and $313.0 $1,750.0 $1,750.0
Compliance
Hazardous Waste TOTAL $3,119.8 $3,509.5 $6,666.1 $5,930.6 $8,680.4 $2,749.8
Enforcement
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Hazardous Waste 72.6 70.1 162.0 162.0 174.9 12.9
Enforcement - Office of
Solid Waste & Emergency
Response
TOT/IL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 72.6 70.1 162.0 162.0 174.9 12.9
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Hazardous Waste 79.2 75.4 176.5 176.5 193.4 16.9
Enforcement - Office of
Solid Waste & Emergency
Response
TOTAL WORKYEARS 79.2 75.4 176.5 176.5 193.4 16.9
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HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,680,400 supported by 113.4 total wnrkyears
for this program of which $6,930,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,750,000 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents a net increase of $2,749,800 and 16.9 workyears.
Program Description
This program serves to ensure compliance with the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA). The principle objectives are to monitor and evaluate hazardous
waste generator, transporter, and facility compliance with the statutory and regula-
tory requirements of RCRA; encourage and promote voluntary compliance by hazardous
waste handlers; take appropriate administrative, civil, and criminal enforcement
actions when necessary; and assist and evaluate program implementation in the States.
Hazardous Waste Enforcement This program supports Regional activities to
operate and enforce the Federal regulatory program in States which have not re-
ceived interim or full authorization. These activities include compliance monitor-
ing of interim status facilities, permitted facilities, and hazardous waste genera-
tors. Enforcement actions against violators of RCRA or its regulations are taken
when necessary. The Agency is also responsible for evaluating programs in autho-
rized and Cooperative Arrangement States to assess their progress in conducting
hazardous waste compliance monitoring and enforcement activities.
HAZARDOUS WASTE ENFORCEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $R,680,400 supported by 193.A total workyears
for this program, of which $6,930,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses ap-
propriation, and $1,750,000 will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation, representing an increase of .$2,749,800 and 16.9 workyears. Of
this amount, $999,800 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$1,750,000 will he for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation. This
increase supports a growth in the level of Regional compliance monitoring inspec-
tions and technical support activities that are provided to the States.
EPA will conduct compliance evaluation inspections at permitted facilities and
interim status ground water monitoring facilities. All ground water monitoring
facilities will receive a detailed technical evaluation to ensure that monitoring
equipment is adequate and properly installed and that sampling and analysis are
being conducted properly. Awareness of both public and Congressional concern that
adequate independent sampling be conducted to evaluate the quality of ground water
and the extent of contamination has led the Agency to the decision to increase the
level of effort for compliance sampling inspections. The Regions will also conduct
technical evaluations of closure/post-closure plans and financial assurance instru-
ments for all non-major hazardous waste facilities in unauthorized States.
The Agency plans to continue its expanded enforcement efforts. It is the
goal of the program to foster compliance and lower the rate of noncompliance.
The Regions will initiate warning letters and compliance orders in unauthorized
States in order to secure compliance with interim status standards. In addition,
enforcement resources will be provided for the Regions to continue their support
HW-43
-------
of the permitting program. This request will support pre-permit inspections and
enforcement actions in response to violations occurring during the permit or clo-
sure process. The Regions will also continue their support for criminal investi-
gations.
This request includes resources for continued State evaluation and support.
The Regions will conduct program reviews for all 52 participating States. In
addition, the Regions will conduct over 1,000 joint inspections and initiate en-
forcement actions in States that fail to secure compliance, or in response to a
State request for enforcement assistance.
Extramural funding will provide technical assistance in the areas of training,
ground water monitoring, sampling and lab support.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $5,930,600 and 176.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The 1984 Hazardous Waste Enforcement Program expands significantly from 1983.
Recent program experience and a number of studies have highlighted the level of
non-compliance with the interim status standards in the regulated community, in
particular, the ground water monitoring requirements. The Regions will increase
their efforts in unauthorized States to focus the compliance evaluation inspections
at interim status ground water monitoring facilities. In addition, the Regions
will complete technical reviews of closure/post-closure plans and financial assur-
ance instruments for all major interim status facilities. These reviews will help
to ensure that these facilities have adequately planned for closure activities and
that sufficient assurances are available to support closure requirements.
In the event that inspections or report reviews reveal violations, the Regions
will initiate appropriate enforcement actions. The Agency expects to issue RCRA
Section 3008 Compliance Orders, RCRA Section 3013 Administrative Orders requiring
monitoring and analysis of sites which may present a substantial threat to human
health or the environment, and RCRA Section 7003 Administrative Orders to handlers
posing imminent and substantial endangerment. The Regions will also assess finan-
cial penalties in conjunction with Compliance and Administrative Orders. In addi-
tion, the Agency will develop the technical aspects of civil and criminal actions
under the authority of RCRA Sections 7003 and 3008.
As part of State evaluation efforts, the Agency will conduct joint inspec-
tions with State personnel and will review the compliance monitoring and enforce-
ment programs in all authorized and Cooperative Arrangements States. In addition,
the Agency will support State enforcement actions by providing technical support,
such as expert witnesses, sampling and laboratory analysis, and other technical
expertise not normally found in State governments.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$735,500 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$735,500) A reprogramming was made moving all non-program
specific "support1 type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element.
This reprogramming to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$735,500, was included in a
reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $3,119,800 and 79.2 total workyears for this
program, of which $2,806,800 was for the Salaries and Expenses apropriation and
$313,000 was for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation.
HW-44
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In 1983, the Agency conducted compliance monitoring Inspections of 100 percent
of designated major handlers, 25 percent of other Interim status facilities, and
10 percent of selected generators and transporters. To return violators to compli-
ance, the Agency issued 46 RCRA Section 3008 Warning Letters, 12 RCRA Section 3008
Compliance Orders, 15 RCRA §3013 monitoring and analysis Administrative Orders,
and, where, practices presented an imminent and substantial endangerment, RCRA
Section 7003 Administrative Orders. Technical support for the development of
civil actions and criminal investigations were provided.
In Its State oversight role, the Agency conducted joint Inspections with State
personnel to evaluate the quality of Inspections as well as to train State Inspec-
tors. In addition, the Regions provided technical support and assistance to States
conducting compliance monitoring and enforcement activities.
HW-45
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PESTICIDES
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
PESTICIDES P-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Pesticides Research P-8
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances P-20
Regi strati on P-22
Speci al Regi stration P-25
Tolerances P-27
Generic Chemical Review P-29
Generic Chemical Review P-31
Special Reviews - Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
Preparati on P-33
ENFORCEMENT
Pesticides Enforcement P-36
Pesticides Enforcement P-39
Pesticides Enforcement Grants P-40
Pesticides Certification & Training P-41
P-l
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PESTICIDES
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research 8 Development
Operations, Research
and Facilities
TOTAL, Pesticides
$29,036.8 $31,435.2 $34,598.4 $34,204.4
$22,253.0 $19,634.4 $21,419.4 $21,419.4
$2,058.1 $1,673.0 $1,673.0 $1,673.0
$150.0
$53,497.9 $52,742.6 $57,690.8 $57,296.8
$37,361.4
$23,168.4
$3,157.0
$1,749.0
$2,728.4 $1,055.4
$63,258.2 $5,961.4
PERMArENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
665.1 652.7 694.5 694.5 727.5 33.0
726.4 736.9 783.7 783.7 808.7 25.0
$57,888.0 $53,430.0 $56,018.4 $56,233.4 $60,680.8 $4,447.4
One year extension to September 30, 1984 passed December 2, 1983 authorizes
not to exceed $64,000,000, including $6,062,600 for Research and Development,
for 1984.
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PESTICIDES
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
As a class, pesticides are among the most beneficial and the most hazardous
of substances. The Federal Insecticide,. Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA),
as amended, and Sections 402, 406, 408, and 409 of the Federal Food, Drug, and
Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) invest in the Environmental Protection Agency the authority
to regulate the distribution and use of pesticides in the United States. The
Agency is thereby charged with a regulatory task of enormous scope and complexity.
An estimated 2.7 billion pounds of pesticide active ingredients are used annually
in this country, representing about 40,000 products. These products provide social
as well as economic benefits to society by substantially contributing to agricultural
productivity and controlling human disease vectors, such as mosquitoes. At the
same time, pesticides are inherently hazardous in that they are specifically formu-
lated to be injurious to living target organisms, and are deliberately introduced
into the environment for this purpose. The hazards of pesticide exposure are thus
by no means incidental to the use of these products. While many pesticides are
available for use only by trained pest control operators and farmers, many others
are used by persons who have no special expertise in the use of pesticides. In
addition, many pesticides are used on food or animal feed crops, so that human
dietary exposure cannot be avoided, although it can be controlled by regulatory
measures.
Under FIFRA and the FFDCA, the Agency is responsible for ensuring that pesti-
cides perform their intended functions without unreasonable adverse effects on
public health and the environment. The projected 1985 Pesticides Program strategi-
cally builds on accomplishments achieved by EPA in previous years, and reflects a
continued active commitment to fulfill our congressional mandate. The statutory
goal of balancing health and environmental protection with economic stability and
growth requires regulatory operations within EPA that are flexible, efficient, and
effective. It also requires ongoing close cooperation with pesticide users, public
interest groups, and the regulated industry. In addition, the Agency intends to
encourage increased involvement by State and local governments in regulatory
matters, especially in connection with'local pest 'control needs and emergencies,
the enforcement of regulations, and the education and training of persons such as
applicators and farmworkers who are particularly likely to be exposed to pesticides.
The Agency's pesticide regulation strategy focuses on four broad program
areas: 1) registration of new products, 2) review and reregi strati on of existing
products, 3) enforcement of pesticide use rules, and 4) research and development
to support and improve EPA's ability to evaluate the risks and benefits of pest-
icides. The continued importance of improving review processes is reflected in
1985 projections for the separate program areas.
REGISTRATION ACTIVITIES
FIFRA and FFDCA authorize EPA to set the terms and conditions of pesticide
registration, marketing, and use. The purpose of Federal registration of pest-
icides by EPA is to protect public health and the environment from unreasonable
risks while allowing users the benefits of needed pesticides. Under the Regis-
tration program, new pesticide products are registered on. the basis of data
reviewed by Agency scientists, and current registrations are amended to add new
uses and/or new formulations.
The Registration program faces major uncertainties as a result of two recent
court decisions, the scope and effect of which have not yet been determined.
Depending on the outcomes of detailed negotiations, rule-making, and the appeals
process, these decisions could necessitate comprehensive revisions to Agency
policies and procedures.
P-3
-------
The Special Registration program will continue to perform an auxiliary function
by permitting certain unregistered pesticide uses to serve for experimental purposes
(including temporary tolerances for residues on food destined for the market) and to
deal with emergency pest situations. It also provides oversight and guidance to
State Registration and Experimental Use Permit programs. The Tolerance program
establishes safe and enforceable tolerance levels (or in some instances exemptions
from tolerance requirements) for pesticide residues in or on raw agriculture
commodities and processed foods. Tolerances (maximum permissible residue levels)
are set for both active and inert pesticide ingredients.
The Agency will initiate a program of field and laboratory studies of the
efficiency of protective clothing and the efficacy of current protective clothing
technology as a means of reducing exposure. This activity will build upon previous
investigations of protective clothing and develop options for a regulatory strategy
and will propose ways to Increase use of protective clothing. This is a critical
area, since requiring protective clothing is a key strategy to reduce exposure to
an acceptable level.
The Agency will continue the enhancement of outmoded information management
support systems to improve Agency responses to public requests for pesticide infor-
mation. This system will thus facilitate not only the Registration program, but
also reregistrations and special reviews.
GENERIC CHEMICAL REVIEW AND REREGISTRATION
The registrations of the majority of existing pesticide chemicals are supported
by data bases which the Agency has found insufficient to support statutory determi-
nations of no unreasonable risk. The Generic Chemical Review program is designed
to remedy this by reviewing current knowledge about each chemical, requiring up-
grading of the scientific data base supporting registrations, and establishing
scientifically based regulatory standards for reregi strati on of existing products
and registration of future products. The Agency will review, for the first time
in significant numbers, scientific studies conducted by registrants in response
to recently established data requirements.
The Generic Chemical Review program, through its special review (formerly
Rebuttable Presumption Against Registration, or RPAR) activities, also system-
atically identifies and takes appropriate regulatory action on special problems
which some pesticides are found to pose for human health and the environment.
PESTICIDES ENFORCEMENT
Pesticides enforcement activities and the certification and training of
restricted use pesticide applicators are undertaken primarily by States and
Territories through two grant programs. The Agency will continue to provide
program direction and management for the operation of the grant programs.
In addition to supporting State activities, the Agency also conducts a
limited Federal Pesticide Enforcement program, principally through the Regions,
which initiates enforcement in response to the four nondelegated State referrals,
undertakes laboratory inspections and data audits, conducts import and export
surveillance, provides technical and compliance assistance to States, the regulated
community, and the public, and operates a computer system for data on registration
of pesticide producer establishments and for other enforcement related data.
Headquarters enforcement personnel provide support for the development of
FIFRA regulations, development of compliance monitoring strategies and enforcement
response policies as new rules become effective, as well as annual grant guidance
for both the Enforcement and Certification and Training grant programs.
P-4
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RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
EPA's pesticides research efforts provide the scientific basis for pesticide
compliance and registration activities. The thrust of these activities is to
provide an understanding of pesticide interactions with humans and the environment
in order to ensure maximum effectiveness of pest control measures with minimum
adverse effects to human health and the environment. The research program provides
an integrated mix of health, monitoring, environmental processes, engineering, and
risk assessment activities to improve the scientific basis for pesticide abatement,
control, and compliance efforts.
In 1985, the research program will devote additional resources to develop and
validate test methods necessary to measure the effect of pesticides. In addition,
a portion of the increase will be used to support quality assurance, and research
to evaluate the safety of protective clothing used by pesticide applicators.
P-5
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Actual
1983
Program Activities
PESTICIDES
Budget
Estimate
1984
Registration Standard
Guidance Packages
Established 23 35
Chemical Data Call-In
Requirements 75 70
Incoming Data Call-In and
Registration Standard
Data Reviews
Special Review Decisions.. 8 10
Laboratory Data Audits.... 36 18
New Chemical and Biora-
tional Reviews 281 250
Old Chemical Reviews 8,455. 8,500
Amended Registration
Reviews 2/ 8,971 20,300
New Use Reviews
Emergency Exemption
Reviews 754 770
Experimental Use Permit
Reviews 399 425
24(c) State Registration
Reviews 1,058 1,100
Temporary Tolerance
Petitions 141 175
5(f) State Experimental
Use Permit Reviews ~ 100
Tolerance Petition
Reviews 551 640
Inert Ingredient
Request Reviews 46 50
Producer Establishment
Inspections 4/ 2,236 2,360
Use/Reentry and
Experimental Use
Observations 4_/ 16,328 9,344
Marketplace
Investigations £/ 20,896 6,402
Import Inspections £/ 512 80
State Applicator License
and Record Inspections... 16,508 9,530
State Dealer Record
Inspections 12,414 6,049
Federal Laboratory
Inspections 39 40
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
25
70
10
60
260
3,700
7.0001/
135"
770
425
1,100
175
100
600
50
2,411
16,306
19,203
703
16,304
12,355
40
Estimate
1985
25
70
560
11
60
280
3,750
7,000
135
770
425
1,100
175
100
600
50
2,410
19,175
16,530
703
16,304
12,355
40
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs. 1984
+560
+ 1
+ 20
+ 50
-1
+2,969
-2,673
!_/ The number projected in the 1984 justification was 20,300. This number included
13,300 "supplemental" registrations. Since these are no longer processed or
tracked, they have been removed for proper comparison purposes.
2J Amended registration reviews include amendments to current pesticide labels,
administrative amendments, and supplemental registrations.
3y Included in earlier years under Old Chemical Reviews and Amended Registration
~~ Reviews.
4/ Includes both Federal and State enforcement activities.
P-6
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Research and
Development
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
PESTICIDES P-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Pesticides Research P-8
P-7
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Research
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Salaries 4 Expenses
Rerearch & Development
TOTAL
$271.4
$10.5
$281 .9
$463.1
$233.2
$696.3
$1,046.2
$1,198.3
$2,244.5
$382.9
$27.5
$410.4
$470.9
$408.0
$878.9
$1,389.0
$1,049.3
$2,438.3
$382.9
$27.5
$410.4
$470.9
$408.0
$878.9
$1,689.0
$1,049.3
$2,738.3
$382.9
$27.5
$410.4
$467.1
$408.0
$875.1
$1,689.0
$1,049.3
$2,738.3
$404.5
$27.5
$432.0
$492.9
$659.3
$1,152.2
$2,049.6
$1,162.4
$3,212.0
$51.3
$550.0
$601.3
$21.6
$21.6
$25.8
$251.3
$277.1
$360.6
$113.1
$473.7
$51.3
$550.0
$601.3
-------
PEST 1C I DCS
Pesticides Research
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
Pesticides Research TOTAL
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Processes
$2,300.2
$616.1
$2,916.3
$4,080.9
$2,058.1
$6,139.0
4.8
5.3
16.1
46.2
$2,146.8
$188.2
$2,335.0
$4,389.6
$1,673.0
$6,062.6
6.7
7.0
18.7
38.3
$2,083.0
$188.2
$2,271.2
$4,625.8
$1,673.0
$6,298.8
6.7
7.0
24.1
38.3
$2,083.0
$188.2
$2,271.2
$4,622.0
$1,673.0
$6,295.0
6.7
7.0
24.1
38.3
$2,311.8
$329.2
$2,641.0
$5,310.1
$2,728.4
$8,038.5
7.7
7.0
26.6
38.3
$228.8
$141.0
$369.8
$688.1
$1,055.4
$1,743.5
1.0
2.5
& Effects
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
72.4
70.7
76.1
76.1
79.6
3.5
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Research
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL HORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment 6.2 7.7 7.7 7.7
Monitoring Systems 8 6.3 8.1 8.1 8.1
Quality Assurance
Health Effects 20.9 31.2 37.2 37.2
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes 61.4 55.3 55.3 55.3
& Effects
TOTAL WORKYEARS 94.8 102.3 108.3 108.3
7.7
8.1
37.2
1.0
55.3
109.3
1.0
1.0
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Research
Major Outputs/Milestones
Develop and Validate Test Methods
That Identify Health and Environ-
mental Effects
- Report on the effects of toxic
exposure during selected
critical development periods on
sexual dimorphisms (Health)
- Report on. data requirements
for testing the safety of
. Biological Control Agents
(Env. Processes)
- Report on method evaluation
for predicting the effects
of a pesticide on non-target
organisms in a freshwater
pond (Env. Processes)
- Report on field evaluation of
EPA reproductive test for avi an
speci es usi ng Endrin
(Env. Processes)
Provide Quality Assurance Assistance
- Provide high purity chemicals
and comparison samples
(Monitoring)
Develop and Validate Techniques That
Assess Exposure
- Report on the pesticide leaching/
migration field study (Env. Processes)
- Manual - Pesticide leaching potential
using PRZM-1 (Env. Processes)
- Report on review publication
describing and evaluating
available methodology for
human exposure estimation (Health)
Conduct and Review Risk Assessments
- Provide human health related risk
assessments (Scientific Assessment)
Actual
1983
Amendment/
Current
Estimate Estimate
1984 1985
6/86
10/83
5/84
6/86
10/84
5/84
1/85
6/86
10/85
1/85
9/83
9/84
9/85
3/84 3/84 3/85
4/84 4/84
12/86 12/86 12/86
9/83
9/84
9/85
P-ll
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,038,500 supported by 109.3 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $1,743,500 and 1.0 workyear from 1984. Included in this
total is $5,310,100 for Salaries and Expenses and $2,728,400 for Research and
Development, with increases of $688,100 and $1,055,400 respectively. The increased
resources will be used for the development and validation of test methods necessary
to measure the effect of pesticides, quality assurance, and research to evaluate
the safety of protective clothing used by pesticides applicators.
Program Description
Research focuses on Increasing our understanding of how pesticides interact
with man's activities and the environment, to assure that their use can minimize
damage from pests, while maximizing the protection of man's food and fiber and the
environment from unreasonable adverse effects.
Objective 1. Develop Methodologies That Improve the Agency's Risk Assessment
Capability Under FIFRA. This activity devel ops and validates new or improved
environmental and public health risk assessment methods. The risk assessment
methods represent an improved capability for the Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP)
to analyze and aggregate the data submitted by the pesticide industry to determine
the risks and benefits resulting from pesticide usage.
Objective 2. Develop and Validate Test Methods That Identify Health and
Environmental Effects of Pesticides for the FIFRA Registration and Enforcement"
Programs" This research effort wil 1 supply validated environmental ami health
assay methods for use by industry. Research under this objective is needed to
develop valid test protocols to meet pesticide registration requirements and en-
forcement responsibilities under Section 3 and 26 of FIFRA.
Objective 3. Define the Environmental , Health and Engineering Endpoirits of
Pesticides to Determine Possible Future Test Method Development. This work identi-
fies the toxic effects of pesticides with which the Agency should concern itself.
Once the appropriate effects of concern are identified, research results can be
utilized to determine likely candidates for test method development.
Objective 4. Provide Quality Assurance Assistance and Support for the
cides~~Repository Program, Regional/State Laboratories, and Other FIFRA ActivitiesT
EPA maintains a repository of high purity chemicals that serves as standards for
internal quality control to ensure that data in support of pesticides registration
is accurate, precise and reliable. In addition, the program provides quality
assurance support to the Office of Pesticide Programs contract laboratories in
their analytical efforts.
Objective 5. Develop and Validate Techniques That Assess Human and Environ-
mental Exposure to Pesticides for the FIFRA Registration and Enforcement Prograln.
In the health area, exposure data will be developed to enable the Office of Pesti-
cides Programs to set re-entry intervals to protect susceptible populations from
pesticides on treated fields. In the environmental area, research develops field
validated exposure assessment models to define the concentration of pesticides
for use by the Office of Pesticide Programs in anticipating pesticide impacts on
populations.
P-12
-------
Objective 6. Conduct and Review Risk Assessments in Support of FIFRA Decision
Makingl This research prepares human health related risk assessments for carcino-
gemc, mutagenic, and/or reproductive effects of candidate pesticide products.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $432,000 supported by 7.7 total workyears for
this program, of which $404,500 is for Salaries and Expenses and $27,500 is for
Research and Development. This increase of $21,600 will provide for the evaluation
of methods to estimate pesticide dose risk as a result of oral ingestion.
Conduct and Review Risk Assessments in Support of FIFRA Deci si on Maki ng.
The scientific assessment program will provide and review health risk assessments
and exposure assessments for the Office of Pesticide Programs. Reproductive
effects assessment methods will be modified to address program specific problems.
Procedures for estimating dermal absorption of pesticides will be compiled and
evaluated. Methods evaluation for estimating pesticide dose-rate and oral ingestion
(e.g. from food) are of particular importance where pesticides are concerned.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $410,400 and 7.7 total workyears
to this program, of which $382,900 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $27,500 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
Conduct and Review Risk Assessments in Support of FIFRA Deci si on Making.
The scientific assessment program continues to provide and review health ri sk
assessments and exposure assessments. Exposure assessments are being reviewed
and assessment methods are modified to address program specific problems. Risk
assessment support is provided to OPP on selected chemicals for carci nogenicity,
mutagenicity and reproductive effects.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $281,900 and 6.2 total workyears for
this program, of which $271,400 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $10,500 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Conduct and Review Risk Assessments in Support of FIFRA Decision Making.
Exposure assessment guidelines and"handbooks were revi sed Tn accordance with
Science Advisory Board review comments. Further changes in the exposure handbook
were recommended by an extramural peer panel. The guidelines were submitted for
final disposition to the Science Advisory Board. Risk assessment support was
provided for carci nogenicity, mutagenicity and adverse reproductive effects as
requested by OPP.
P-13
-------
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,152,200 supported by 8.1 total workyears for
this program, of which $492,900 is for Salaries and Expenses and $659,300 is for
Research and Development. The increases of $25,800 in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $251,300 in the Research and Development appropriation reflect
the need to recertify the purity of the chemical standards and to revise the certi-
fication manuals.
Provide Quality Assurance Assi stance and Support for the Pesticide Repository
Program, Regional/State Laboratories and Other FIFRA Activites.Fhi s program mai n-
tainsthe Pesticide Repository of high purity chemicals whTch are used by over
1400 laboratories in the United States and foreign countries. These are used as
standard analytical reference samples for internal quality control to ensure that
test data is accurate, precise, and reliable. In addition, interlaboratory compari-
son samples will be prepared and used to assist contractor laboratories of the
Office of Pesticide Programs in their analytical efforts.
Since the shelf life of the chemicals in the repository is limited, the addi-
tional funds will be used to institute a recerti fi cati on program to assure the
purity and integrity of the chemicals. The additional funds will also be used
to revi se and publish quality assurance manuals. Without significant revision,
the existing manuals are falling further out-of-date and their usefulness is dimin-
i shi ng rapidly.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $875,100 and 8.1 total workyears
to this program, of which $467,100 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $408,000 is under the Research and Development appropriation.
Provide Quality Assurance Assi stance and Support for the Pesticide Repository
Program, Regional/State Laboratories and Other FIFRA Activities. The funds are
bei ng used to support Fn"ePesticide Repository which distributes analytical
reference samples to the Environmental Protection Agency and other Federal labora-
tories, as well as State, local, university and industrial laboratories. In addi-
tion, interlaboratory comparison samples are prepared and distributed to the Office
of Pesticide Program's contract laboratories for use in their analytical work.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$3,800 results from the following action:
-Reprogrammi ng. (-$3,800) A reprogramnri ng was made to this activity which
was not report able under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$3,800 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $696,300 and 6.3 total workyears for
this program, of which, $463,100 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $233,200 is under the Research and Development appropriation.
Provide Quality Assurance Assistance and Support for the Pesticide Repository
Program. Regi onal/State Laboratories and Other FIFRA Activities. A major part of
this effort was the maintenance of the pesticide repository of chemicals which are
materials used by over 1400 agencies including: the Environmental Protection
Agency, other Federal, State, local, university, and industrial laboratories.
P-14
-------
HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,212,000 supported by 37.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,049,600 is for Salaries and Expenses and $1,162,400
is for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $360,600 and an
increase of $113,100, respectively. The increase of $360,600 will provide for the
development of health effects test methods and additional data on the effects
of biological pesticides. The increase in extramural funds will be used to develop
new models for public health risk assessment.
Develop Methodologies that Improve the Agency's Risk Assessment Capability
Under FIFRA. The 1985 program will provide new and improved animal models to
assess teratology data and reproductive risks from pesticides. These models
represent an improved capability to analyze and aggregate the data submitted by the
pesticide industry to determine the risks and benefits resulting from pesticide
usage.
Develop and Validate Test Methods that Identify Health and Environmental
Effects of Pesticides for FIFRA Registration and Enforcement Programs.This re-
search effort will continue to supply validated health assay methods for industry
to use to produce a reliable data base. The increase in 1985 will be used to
develop additional test methods in the areas of reproduction/teratology, muta-
genesis/ carcinogenicity (genotoxic effects) neurotoxicology and immunotoxicology.
Research under this objective is needed to develop validated test protocols to
meet pesticide registration requirements and enforcement responsibilities under
Sections 3 and 26 of FIFRA.
Define the Environmental, Health and Engineering Endppints of Pesticides
that Determine Possible Future Test Method Development.Additional funds in this
area will strengthen efforts to define the critical public health effects pertaining
to biological pesticides. We will provide data on the immunological effects which
are generally well defined for adults, but more research is needed for .developing
effects information for children. This work is required to safeguard public
health under Sections 3, 4, 5, and 24 of FIFRA.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,738,300 and 37.2 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,689,000 is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,049,300 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Develop Methodologies that Improve the Agency's Risk Asssessment Capability
Under FIFRA. Research is continuing on the development of models for evaluating
risks on the basis of laboratory animal studies. Emphasis in this research is on
reproductive and teratologic effects.
Develop and Validate Test Methods That Identify Health and Environmental
EffectF of Pesticides for the FIFRA Registration and Enforcement Programs."
This research effort validates health assay methods in the areas of reproduction/
teratology, mutagenesi s/carcinogenesis (genotoxic effects) and neurotoxicology for
industry to use to produce a reliable data base that the Office of Pesticide Pro-
grams can use to estimate the risk to humans.
Define the Environmental and Health Endpoints of Pesticides That Determine
Possible Future Jest Method Develoment.This work effort defines tHi critical
public health effects pertaining to biological pesticides. Also, human health
endpoints are currently generally well defined for adults, but additional work is
needed for developing endpoints for children.
P-15
-------
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There i s no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,244,500 and 20.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,046,200 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $1,198,300 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Develop Methodologies that Improve the Agency's Risk Assessment Capability
Under FIFRA. Dermal ana"res pi ratoryexposure st udi es on home gardeners using
Di azi non and on apple thinners using Guthion and phasalone have been completed and
published. Studies have been completed comparing two methods for assessment of
hand exposure to pesticides during mixing, loading and application.
Develop and Validate Test Methods that Identify Health and Environmental
Effects of Pesticides for the FIFRA Registration and Enforcement Programs. A"
report on the Development of Mutagenicity Test Battery for Human Risk Estimates
was completed.
Define the Environmental and Health Endpoints for Pesticides to Determine
Possible Future Test Method Development. Studies are continuing on insect viruses.
Methods are being developed for studying potential DNA replication and gene expres-
sion in mammalian cells. In studies in rats, the herbicide Nitrofen has been
found to induce hernias in offsprings at maternal dosage levels as low as 1 mg/kg.
Input from these studies are provided to the Office of Pesticide Programs to aid
in the registration decision on this compound. Age-related dermal penetration
studies in an in vi vo rat model were completed on 12 pesticides.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $601,300 supported by 1.0 workyear for this
program, of which $51,300 is for Salaries and Expenses and $550,000 is for Research
and Development. This is a new activity designed to provide procedures for select-
ing protective clothing materials to minimize exposure of applicators to highly
toxic pesticides.
Define the Environmental, Health and Engineering Endpoints of Pesticides to
Determine Future Test Method Development. Research act i vi ti es wi 11 be initiated
to provide interim user manuals for selection of protective apparel by conducting
standardization laboratory evaluations (including those by the American Society
for Testing Materials) on the permeability and penetrability of various fabrics
and rubber compounds by highly toxic pesticides (e.g. carbamates and organo-
phosphates). Additional studies will establish the effects of apparel degradation
(wear) and decontamination (e.g. laundering) on pesticide retention, and on
apparel protective capability. Ultimately, a 'Field Users Guide1 will be developed
for selection of toxic pesticide protective apparel based on scientifically accept-
able data from field testing under 'real world' use conditions.
1984 Program
This effort was not part of the 1984 program.
1983 Accomplishments
This effort was not part of the 1983 program.
P-16
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,641,000 supported by 55.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,311,800 is for Salaries and Expenses and $329,200 is
for Research and Development. The increase of $228,800 in the Salaries and Ex-
penses appropriation and $141,000 in the Research and Development appropriation
will be used to validate test methods for inclusion in test guidelines.
Develop and Validate Test Methods That Identify Health and Environmental
Effects of Pesticides for FIFRA Registration and Enforcement Programs.This re-
search will continue to identify, develop, refine and evaluate the impacts of
biological control agents and selected chemical pesticides on non-target estuarine/
marine, freshwater and terrestrial biota. This includes toxicological evaluations
on various life-cycle stages of fishes, invertebrates (insects), mammals, crusta-
ceans and avian species. Improved testing methods/ protocols will be supplied to
the Office of Pesticide Programs for test guideline modifications. Other effects
information will be used by the Agency for registration/re-registration and in the
review of enforcement activities.
Increased resources will be utilized to perform detailed field validation
studies which will be conducted at representative sites to verify that techniques
and information derived in the laboratory are applicable for use in hazard assess-
ment where pesticides are used under natural conditions. This research will pro-
vide the basis for re-evaluating criteria used in judging whether a given pesticide
use requires regulatory action.
Define Environmental, Health and Engineering Endpoints of Pesticides to Deter-
mine Possible Future Test Method Development. Research will continue to develop
modeling approaches for assessments of pesticide perturbations on natural aquatic
ecosystems. Variables such as indicator species, sediment properties and element
cycling will factor into this investigation. These studies will incorporate various
pesticide concentration distributions and expected effects using existing models
to determine the appropriate levels of organisms (populations, communities) which
best represent crucial endpoints to indicate stress to the system. Results will
be supportive to hazard and risk assessments made by the Office of Pesticide Programs
and in enforcement actions.
Develop and Validate Techniques that Assess Human and Environmental Exposure
to Pesticides for the FIFRA Registration and Enforcement Program.THeresearch in
this objective will continue to develop and validate mathematical and other predic-
tive or descriptive techniques to estimate adverse pesticide exposure in aquatic
(freshwater and marine) and terrestrial environments. Such determinations will
include pesticide distribution, transport, fate (biodegradation) and exposure
levels in these ecosystems.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,271,200 and 55.3 total work-
years to this program, of which $2,083,000 is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $188,200 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Develop and Validate Test Methods That Identify Health and Environmental
Effects of Pesticides for the FIFRA Registration and Enforcement Programs.This
research includes both field and laboratory studies designed to enhance and validate
measurement and testing methodologies and to determine the effects of chemical and/
or biological pest control agents on non-target organisms. Field study emphasis
concerns the hazard of chemical pesticides, associated with mosquito control,
P-17
-------
to non-target populations In the estuarine/marine and freshwater media and on wild
avlan species in the terrestrial media. Laboratory studies will determine the
hazards associated with the use of biological or biochemical pest control agents
on selected non-target biota.
Define Environmental and Health Endpoints of Pesticides to Determine Possible
Future Test Method Development.Thisresearchidentifies criticalecosystem com-
ponents which are most susceptible to pesticide stress and converts this information
into mathematical expressions to provide models for predicting ecosystem stability.
This capability, which does not now exist within the regulatory process, strives to
supply a more rapid, efficient and accurate analytical procedure of evaluating ad-
verse changes in entire complex environmental systems.
Develop and Validate Techniques That Assess Human and Environmental Exposure
to Pesticides for the FIFRA Registration and Enforcement Program.Predictive
techniques are being developed, improved and validated through field studies to
estimate the transport, exposure and fate of pesticides in the marine, freshwater
and terrestrial environments.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,916,300 and 61.4 total workyears
for this program of which $2,300,200 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $616,100 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Develop and Validate Test Methods That Identify Health and Environmental
Effects of Pesticides for the FIFRA Registration and Enforcement Program.Labora-
tory research addressed the application of methods and techniques used in defining
the role of pesticides effects on non-target single species and selected populations
under controlled conditions for several priority chemical pesticides and biological
control agents. Planning was completed for field studies to evaluate laboratory
derived data and investigations were implemented at three sites.
Develop and Validate Techniques That Assess Human and Environmental Exposure
to Pesticides for the FIFRA Registration and Enforcement Program. Research focused
on the generation of exposure estimates of pesticide levels which estuarine/marine,
freshwater and terrestrial organisms may experience. Multimedia exposure models
were assembled or expanded incorporating the research exposure estimates or informa-
tion from previously existing data bases.
P-18
-------
Abatement and
Control
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
PESTICIDES P-l
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances P-20
Regi strati on P-22
Speci al Regi stration P-25
Tolerances P-27
Generic Chemical Review P-29
Generic Chemical Review P-31
Special Reviews - Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
Preparation P-33
P-19
-------
PESTICIDES
Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Registration
Salaries & Expenses $7,780.2 $8,916.3 $10,256.3 $10,025.9 $11,004.4 $978.5
Abatement Control and t $5,237.3 $5,237.3
Compliance
TOTAL $7,780.2 $8,916.3 $10,256.3 $10,025.9 $16,241.7 $6,215.8
Special Registration
Salaries « Expenses $2,572.5 $2,569.4 $2,569.4 $2,719.4 $2,833.8 $114.4
TOTAL $2,572.5 $2,569.4 $2,569.4 $2,719.4 $2,833.8 $114.4
Tolerarces
Salaries * Expenses $2,111.9 $2,713.4 $2,649.7 $2,499.7 $2,625.6 $125.9
TOTAL $2,111.9 $2,713.4 $2,649.7 $2,499.7 $2,625.6 $125.9
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $12,464.6 $14,199.1 $15,475.4 $15,245.0 $16,463.8 $1,218.8
Abatenent Control and $5,237.3 $5,237.3
Compliance
Registration, Special TOTAL $12,464.6 $14,199.1 $15,475.4 $15,245.0 $21,701.1 $6,456.1
Registration &
Tolerances
-------
I
ro
PESTICIDES
Registration, Special Registration & Tolerances
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Registration
Special Registration
Tolerances
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Registration
Special Registration
Tolerances
TOTAL WORKYEARS
181.9
58.0
65.1
305.0
192.8
62.6
75.7
331.1
(DOLLARS IN
183.5
57.8
62.4
303.7
203.0
63.5
' 74.1
340.6
THOUSANDS)
196.6
57.4
61.9
315.9
217.6
63.1
73.6
354.3
196.6
57.4
61.9
315.9
217.6
63.1
73.6
354.3
210.5
57.4
61.9
329.8
229.6
63.1
73.6
366.3
13.9
13.9
12.0
12.0
-------
PESTICIDES
Registration, Special Registration, and Tolerances
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $21,701,100 supported by 366.3 total work-
years for this subactivity, of which $16,463,800 will be for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $5,237,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation, an increase of $1,218,800 and 12 total workyears and
$5,237,300 respectively. The latter increase reflects $4,228,300 previously con-
tained in the Generic Chemical Review program element in 1984 and an actual increase
of $1,009,000.
Program Description
The Agency evaluates all pesticides under a "no unreasonable adverse effects"
standard, taking into account the economic, social, and environmental risks and
benefits of the use of any pesticide. The goal of these activities is to facilitate
a steady flow of environmentally safe products to the marketplace.
Registration -- The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act
(FIFRA), Section 3, requires that a pesticide be registered by EPA before it can
legally be sold, distributed, or made available for use. Under the Registration
program, new pesticide products are registered and current registrations are amended
to add uses and/or new formulations. Registration is accomplished by 1) reviewing
formulation and use data to ensure that use of the products will not result in
"unreasonable adverse affects" to man or the environment, and 2) limiting the
risks associated with use through label precautions, special packaging require-
ments, application directions, and, where necessary, restriction of use to trained
applicators.
Special Registration The Special Registration program performs an auxiliary
function to the registration process and contributes to agricultural production
and public health by 1) deciding upon applications for experimental use permits,
2) setting temporary tolerances, 3) reviewing proposed emergency exemptions,
4) reviewing State registrations of pesticides distributed and used only within
the registering State for special local needs, and 5) reviewing State Experimental
Use Permit plans and permits necessary to develop data for State special local
need registrations. These functions are required by Sections 5, 18, and 24 of
FIFRA and Section 408 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA).
Tolerances The Tolerance program protects public health while giving appro-
priate consideration to the production of an adequate, wholesome, and economical
food supply. This is achieved through 1) ensuring that the maximum residue levels
likely to be found in foods are safe for human consumption through a careful review
and evaluation of residue chemistry and toxicology data, 2) subsequently establish-
ing tolerance levels for both active and inert ingredients or exemptions from the
requirement of a tolerance, and 3) ensuring through the testing of analytical
methods that adequate enforcement of the established tolerance can be achieved.
Authorizing legislation is contained in the FFDCA, as amended, Sections 402, 406,
408, and 409.
REGISTRATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $16,241,700 supported by 229.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $11,004,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $5,237,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion, representing increases of $978,500 and 12 total workyears and $5,237,300,
P-22
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respectively. The Abatement, Control and Compliance increase includes $4,228,300
previously contained in the Generic Chemical Review program. The funds are now
included here to more accurately reflect the program activities which they support.
The real increase of $1,009,000 in Abatement, Control and Compliance and the increase
in workyears and Salaries and Expenses will be used to support increased outputs,
complexities introduced by recent court decisions, update of existing registration
standards, needed information management improvements, and studies enabling the
Agency to evaluate the efficacy of protective clothing.
In 1985, the Agency expects to conduct 280 reviews of new chemicals and bio-
rationals, 3,750 reviews of old chemicals, 7,000 amended registration reviews,
and 135 new use reviews.
The Registration program will continue to process applications for registra-
tion of new chemicals and biorationals on a priority basis while giving special
attention to environmentally protective pesticides and pest management techniques
to reduce reliance on other, potentially more hazardous pesticides, and to help
provide more effective pest control to U.S. agriculture. Improved cooperation
and understanding of registration requirements will be sought among pesticide
manufacturers, pesticide users, State governments, and others in order to achieve
the goals of FIFRA more effectively and efficiently.
Working with the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations,
the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), and others, the
Agency will provide active support to the effort to harmonize the various national
testing requirements.
The Agency will implement a systematic approach to identifying the level of
regulation (full, diminished, or exemption) appropriate for classes of pesticides,
e.g., chemical families and use situations. As provided by FIFRA, Section 25(b),
pesticides which are reviewed and found to be practically safe or adequately reg-
ulated by another Agency will be exempted from regulation. Registration fees may
be implemented in late 1985 or early 1986 to begin to recover Agency processing
costs associated with providing special benefits to applicants. The fees collected
will be deposited directly to the U.S. Treasury. The Agency plans to waive fees
when appropriate to the public interest and where fees would cause undue economic
hardship.
Work will continue on farm safety with continued emphasis on reentry problems
and impacts of agricultural use on human health. This program will focus on educa-
ting farm workers, growers, applicators, et_ al_., about pesticide hazards and on
involving them in efforts to mitigate those hazards.. Cooperative agreements, inter-
agency agreements (USDA, DOL, etc.), and contracts will be employed to promote
safe pesticide use practices among, various exposure and user groups. The Agency
will continue to improve labeling to correct faulty or unclear precautionary state-
ments, to include guidance on hazards of use, and to improve enforcement against
misuse.
The Agency relies heavily on protective clothing and equipment to reduce
risks to users of important beneficial, but potentially hazardous, pesticides.
Unfortunately, there is much uncertainty concerning the actual utility of protec-
tive clothing to reduce pesticide exposure as an alternative to more stringent
regulatory actions. In 1985, the Agency will initiate an accelerated multiyear
program of field and laboratory studies which will provide data leading to a com-
prehensive assessment of the use of protective clothing as a practical means of
reducing pesticide exposure to applicators and agricultural workers.
Registration standards will be further integrated into the Registration
program to improve the quality of registration decisions and achieve efficient
registration procedures. Under the Registration Standards program, registrants
are required to submit new studies (which are reviewed under the Generic Chemical
P-23
-------
Review program element). The results of these reviews will require that existing
standards be amended (funded under the Registration program). These amendments will
require additional resources to update and maintain documentation of scientific
conclusions, regulatory positions, labeling, and data compensation determinations.
Improvements in information management support to registration decision-making
are becoming increasingly critical to the quality and efficiency of the entire
program and will be accelerated in 1985. We believe that information management
holds the greatest promise for continued improved efficiency and quality of decision-
making in the Pesticides Program. The outmoded Pesticide Product Information System
(PPIS) will be improved through conversion to a modern, multi-user, on-line data
base management system and by preparations for subsequent enhancements that such a
conversion will permit. A system for capture and flexible use of the results of
regulatory decision-making will also be funded as a further step toward an integrated
pesticide regulation data base.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $10,025,900 supported by 217.6
total workyears, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Pesticides Program's tentative projection of outputs during 1984 is as
follows: new chemical reviews: 200; new biorational reviews: 60; old chemical
reviews: 3,700; amended registration reviews: 7,000; and new use reviews: 135.
Highly significant factors affecting our operations are two recent court
decisions which have introduced major uncertainties into the Registration program.
The National Agricultural Chemical Association (NACA) "Cite-all" decision prohibits
us from requiring registrants to cite all relevant data in Agency files in support
of their registration requests, regardless of who submitted It. The Monsanto
decision ruled that several sections of FIFRA are actually unconstitutional and
that EPA cannot use another company's data (without the permission of that company)
in support of a registrant's application. It also restricts EPA's ability to
release company-submitted data to anyone without the permission of the submitter.
A request to the Supreme Court for a stay of this ruling was denied. Although
the Justice Department has requested an expedited briefing schedule on the merits
of the case, it is extremely unlikely that it will be decided before the summer of
1984. The total scope and effect of these decisions have not yet been determined.
Depending on the outcome, comprehensive revisions to Agency policies and procedures
could be necessary.
The Agency has already put in place interim procedures that allow the program
to continue to function. However, for as long as the Agency is working under the
interim guidelines, the internal procedures used in reviewing applications will
be more costly and projected outputs reduced, resulting in potential backlogs
in several catagories.
Through the implementation of registration standards and supporting informa-
tion systems, the Agency will improve the quality of registration decisions and
will establish efficient registration procedures. We anticipate that a system
for charging registration fees will be proposed in late 1984 or early 1985 and
that fees may be implemented in late 1985.
In 1984, the Registration program will continue to process applications for
registration of new chemicals and biorationals on a priority basis while giving
special attention to environmentally protective pesticides and pest management tech-
niques. The Agency will continue to improve labeling by requiring registrants to
correct faulty precautionary statements and include guidance on hazards associated
with use, and to develop ways to reduce worker exposure through the use of protec-
tive clothing, respirators, closed system apparatus, and worker reentry intervals.
Efforts will continue in cooperation with other agencies, to develop regulatory,
P-24
-------
research, monitoring, and labeling policies to better control exposure of farm
workers to pesticides.
During 1984, management improvement efforts will be directed toward more effi-
cient data organization and management in the highly information-intensive Pest-
icides Program. In addition to the prime objective of improving support to the
Agency's regulatory program, improvements in information systems will enable us to
improve responses to public requests for pesticide information. The Agency is
working with the United States Department of Agriculture and Purdue University in
the continuing development of the National Pesticide Information Retrieval System
which became available through a commercial vendor in early 1984. This system
provides public, on-line access to EPA label information on registered products,
as well as selected State registration information.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$230,400 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$230,400) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$230,400 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $7,780,200 supported by 192.8 total workyears,
all of which was in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
During 1983, the Agency conducted 281 reviews of new chemicals and biora-
tionals, 8,455 reviews of new products containing old chemicals identical or sub-
stantially similar to others already registered, and 8,971 amended registration
reviews.
In 1983, process changes were made to ensure that the costs of registration
were no higher than necessary. Improved process management was accomplished
through refinement of an automated tracking system as a means of process control,
streamlining operating procedures, and monitoring the progress of priority review
registrations. By publishing guidelines for testing pesticides for health and
environmental effects, better articulating data requirements, and revising appli-
cation procedures, the Agency provided the basis for improved quality of data
submitted in support of registration applications, fewer industry resubmissions,
and improved timeliness and consistency of Agency actions.
In addition, rules have been promulgated to exempt certain uses of pheromones
from regulation under authority of Section 25(b) of FIFRA; efficacy data waivers
were extended to include all pesticides except those bearing claims for micro-
organisms posing a threat to public health and fungicides formulated to prevent
mold-formed toxins; draft labels are now being accepted in lieu of final printed
labels; premarket review of distributor (supplemental) applications was eliminated;
and a more flexible approach was developed to determine packaging effectiveness
for products requiring child resistant packaging.
SPECIAL REGISTRATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,833,800 supported by 63.1 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
P-25
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During the course of 1985, the Agency expects to conduct 770 reviews of emer-
gency exemptions, 425 reviews of experimental use permits, 175 reviews of temporary
tolerances, 1,100 reviews of special local need registrations, and 100 reviews of
state experimental use permits.
In 1985, the Special Registration program will continue to focus on adherence
to statutory and administrative time limits, minimization of backlogs, and reduc-
tions in processing times. Experimental use permits will continue to be processed
on a priority basis, with the Agency focusing on the critical health and safety
effects of emergency exemption requests. More direct communication with affected
parties and the States will be employed to reduce processing times and costs.
State participation in Emergency Exemption, Experimental Use Permit, and Special
Local Needs programs will be enhanced through EPA guidance and close Federal/State
cooperation. Where warranted, reporting requirements will be reduced and initial
screening processes limited to reduce processing times. Chemical reviews conducted
as part of the establishment of registration standards are expected to facilitate
the Special Registration program through chemical data base improvements.
Following a full-scale review of the program, revised proposed regulations
on emergency exemptions will be published in 1985. Surveillance of State programs
will be emphasized to guard against unnecessary use of emergency exemptions and
special local needs registrations as possible means of circumventing the normal
Section 3 registration requirements.
User fees for some special registration activities may be implemented in 1985.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $2,719,400 supported by 63.1 total workyears,
all of which is in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
In 1984, the Agency expects to conduct 770 reviews for emergency exemptions,
425 reviews for experimental use permits, 100 reviews for State experimental use
permits, 175 reviews for temporary tolerances, and 1,100 reviews for special local
need registrations. "~ ~ ~
In 1984, efficiencies in the special registration process, featuring a more
direct working relationship with affected parties and the States, will continue to
be employed to reduce processing times and costs. Statutory processing times for
experimental use permits (120 days) and for the review of Section 24(c) special
local needs registrations (90 days) will generally be met. Decisions on FIFRA
Section 18 emergency exemption requests (to allow unregistered uses to meet needs
arising from acute and critical pest outbreaks) will generally be reached before
the requested implementation time, and backlogs will be minimized. The Agency
will support increased State responsibilities for the issuance of experimental use
permits to develop data for special local needs registrations through reviews and
approvals of State experimental use permit plans and encouragement of registrants
to seek State experimental use permits when testing in only one State is required.
The Special Registration program should begin to benefit from additions to the
chemical data base resulting from chemical reviews conducted in the process of
establishing registration standards.
As a result of the five-year audit of the Special Local Needs and Emergency
Exemptions programs and the completion of Executive Order 12291 review (requiring
a review of each regulation five years after promulgation), the Agency conducted
a full-scale review of the emergency exemption regulation and its implications.
Followup of the Special Local Needs program audit, conducted in 1983, will continue
in 1984. Changes under consideration include improvements in the management of
data on State registrations and the development of procedures for the conversion
of Section 24(c) registrations (special local needs) to Section 3 registrations
(normal registration) when in accordance with the intent of FIFRA.
P-26
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Rules governing the assessment of user fees for some special registration
activities may be proposed in 1984, for possible implementation in 1985.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$150,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$150,000) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$150,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,572,500 supported by 62.6 total
workyears, all of which was in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
During 1983, the Agency conducted 754 reviews of emergency exemption requests,
399 reviews of experimental use permits, 141 reviews of temporary tolerances, and
1,058 reviews of special local needs registrations.
Major emphasis was placed on improving response times, adhering to statutory
deadlines, minimizing backlogs, and implementing process efficiencies and appro-
priate regulatory reforms.
The Agency completed an audit of the Emergency Exemption and Special Local
Needs program's work for the past five years. In addition, a review was completed
under Executive Order 12291 of the emergency exemption regulations. The above
reviews were conducted with an eye toward identification of areas of possible
abuse wherein registrants might rely excessively on emergency exemptions and 24(c)'s
(special local needs) and, thereby, circumvent the normal Section 3 registration
process.
The Agency conducted studies on the feasibility and desirability of charging
fees to support the processing of special registration actions, including experi-
mental use permits and temporary tolerances.
TOLERANCES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,625,600 supported by 73.6 total workyears
for this program, all of which will be in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
an increase of $125,900 for higher workyear costs.
Requested resources will permit an anticipated 600 tolerance petition reviews
and 50 reviews of inert ingredient requests. Petition reviews will be completed
within statutory time limits, whenever possible. Meeting statutory time limits
is difficult for the most complex petitions because of the additional scientific
review required for petitions involving far more voluminous and sophisticated
data than was anticipated when the current time limit was enacted into law.
Most inert ingredient requests and minor use petitions will be processed within
90 days.
It is expected that new tolerance fees (including fees for temporary toler-
ances) will be implemented in 1985 as authorized under Section 408 of the Federal
Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, to more fully recover the costs of processing peti-
tions. However, it is anticipated that most of the 1985 workload will consist
of petitions submitted under the old fee structure. The Agency plans to continue
waiving fees when appropriate to the public interest or where fees would cause
undue economic hardships.
P-27
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1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $2,499,700 supported by 73.6 total work-
years, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Agency expects to conduct 600 tolerance petition reviews and 50 reviews
of inert ingredient requests. Statutory deadlines will be met for most tolerances
while maintaining a high level of scientific review. Petitions without statutory
time limits will be completed on the same schedule as petitions with statutory
requirements. Most inert ingredient requests will be processed within 90 days.
Reduced data requirements, through such modifications as crop group tolerances,
will permit processing for most minor use petitions to be completed within 90
days.
A new tolerance fee structure will be completed in late 1984 or early 1985 to
cover more fully the costs of the program. Collections under the new fee schedule
are anticipated in 1985. A substantial increase in petitions under the current
fee schedule is expected after notice of the proposed increase in the fee schedule
is published. This could lead to a temporary increase in backlogs in late
1984 and early 1985.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$150,000 results from the following action:
-Reprograrnming. (-$150,000) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$150,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,111,900 supported by 75.7 total
workyears, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Agency conducted 551 reviews of tolerance petitions and 46 reviews of
inert ingredient requests. Support was provided to the Codex Alimentarius program
which sets international tolerances and associated activities. Process efficiencies
were introduced into the program such as early return of incomplete petitions and
fast-track processing of petitions requiring limited review. Reduced data require-
ments for minor use pesticides and certain types of biological pesticides were com-
pleted in 1983 and the applicability of some tolerances was broadened to include
crop groupings. These changes will help States in issuing special local need
registrations for minor uses; we anticipate that farmers will benefit significantly
from the changes. Initial work was begun on the development of a revised tolerance
fee structure to be completed in 1984 or early 1985.
P-28
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PROGRAM
PESTICIDES
Generic Chemical Review
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL
REQUEST
1984
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
i
r\j
vo
Generic Chemical Review
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Operations, Research
and Facilities
Specie! Reviews - EIS
Preparation
Salaries A Expenses
$8,341.9 $8,715.8 $10,193.2 $10,193.2
$11,528.2 $10,570.7 $10,570.7 $10,570.7
$150.0
TOTAL $20,020.1 $19,286.5 $20,763.9 $20,763.9
TOTAL
$110.5
$110.5
$55.6
$55.6
$55.6
$55.6
$55.6
$55.6
$11,262.9 $1,069.7
$7,082.4 -$3,488.3
$18,345.3 -$2,418.6
-$55.6
-$55.6
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Operations, Research
and Facilities
Generic Chemical
Review
$8,452.4 $8,771.4 $10,248.8 $10,248.8
$11,528.2 $10,570.7 $10,570.7 $10,570.7
$150.0
TOTAL $20,130.6 $19,342.1 $20,819.5 $20,819.5
$11,262.9 $1,014.1
$7,082.4 -$3,488.3
$18,345.3 -$2,474.2
-------
I
CO
o
PESTICIDES
Generic Chemical Review
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Generic Chemical Review
Special Reviews - EIS
Preparation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Generic Chemical Review
Special Reviews - EIS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
186.0 185.9 202.7 202.7
3.0 1.5 1.5 1.5
189.0 187.4 204.2 204.2
190.4 192.9 211.4 211.4
3.0 1.5 1.5 1.5
218.7 16.0
-1.5
218.7 14.5
224.9 13.5
-1.5
Preparation
TOTAL WORKYEARS
193.4
194.4
212.9
212.9
224.9
12.0
-------
PESTICIDES
Generic Chemical Review
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $18,345,300 supported by 224.9 total workyears
for this subactivity, of which $11,262,900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation, and $7,082,400 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, an increase of $1,014,100 and 12 total workyears and a decrease of
$3,488,300, respectively. To more accurately associate the source of funding with
the work to be done, in 1985 the Agency has begun to reflect extramural funding
in the Registration subactivity. Total funding for the two subactivities increases
by $1,749,000, yielding a net increase to Generic Chemical Review of $740,000
in the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Program Description
Generic Chemical Review The primary goals of the Generic Chemical Review
program are 1) registation standards to enable the Agency to meet the mandate
of Section 3 of FIFRA to update and reexamine information on currently registered
pesticides and reregister them as appropriate, and 2) special review (formerly
Rebuttable Presumption Against Registration or RPAR) to rigorously evaluate
the risks and benifits of pesticides with an identified potential for producing
significant adverse health or environmental effects.
Special Reviews - Environmental Impact Statement Preparation The goal of
this program is the preparation of statements which delineate the impact on humans
and/or the environment due to exposure to pesticides which are under consideration
through the special review process. Such statements are part of the documentation
leading to special review decisions. In 1985, this program will be absorbed into
the Generic Chemical Review program.
GENERIC CHEMICAL REVIEW
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $18,345,300 supported by 224.9 total workyears
for this program, of which $11,262^900 will be for the Salaries and Expenses ap-
propriation, and $7,082,400 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, representing an increase of $1,069,700 and a decrease of $3,488,300,
respectively. With the realignment of Abatement, Control and Compliance funds
with the Registration program element, 1985 Abatement, Control and Compliance
funds requested for Generic Chemical Review represent an actual increase of $740,000.
The increase of 13.5 workyears and the net extramural increase will be used to
begin the review of the incoming studies generated by the Data Call-in program and
by registration standards completed in past years. Approximately 560 reviews of
incoming studies will be completed. One additional special review will also be
conducted and information systems upgraded.
Resources requested for 1985 will enable the completion of 11 special review
decisions. Added emphasis will be placed on reaching final decisions, with ap-
propriate opportunity for public review. The number of special reviews may vary
since the initiation of special reviews relies upon the identification of potential
risks during registration standard development and the review of new chemicals.
P-31
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A total of 60 laboratory audits is projected, the results of which will be
fed into the special review and registration processes to assure that health and
environmental effects data used to support pesticide registration actions are
valid. The use of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques in urban pest man-
agement will be furthered in cooperation with other agencies, and IPM will be
considered in special reviews as the full range of potential risk-reduction measures
is examined.
It is anticipated that 25 registration standards will be established in 1985.
The Agency will continue to review registration standards in clusters of similar-use
chemicals, giving priority to those having high exposure and potential hazards. In
addition, the Agency will continue to implement the Data Call-In program by re-
questing long-term chronic health data on chemicals for which standards have not
yet been started. Data Call-in is designed to make these critical data available
by the time registration standard development begins.
The Pesticide Document Management System (PDMS) will be upgraded to allow
efficient maintenance and control of this major repository of scientific information
and ready access to the information by a wide variety of reviewers.
Pursuant to the formulation of the National Pesticide Monitoring Plan in
1984, national pesticide monitoring activities will be reshaped. The plan will
emphasize closer coordination of the existing monitoring programs of Federal agen-
cies and States.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $20,763,900 supported by 211.4
total workyears to this program, of which $10,193,200 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation, and $10,570,700 is for the Abatement, Control and Com-
pliance appropriation.
A total of 10 special review decisions is anticipated. During 1984, emphasis
will be placed on completing final resolutions on those chemicals remaining in the
special review process in order to resolve uncertainty among producers and users.
Emphasis will also be placed on identifying and evaluating new chemicals which
exceed the established risk criteria. Revised risk criteria will be proposed in
1984 to more realistically reflect both the exposure and hazard aspects of risk.
Twenty-five registration standards are now projected for 1984. While this
rate of production will mean that establishment of standards for chemicals will
continue into the mid 1990's, the Agency will give priority to those pesticides
having high exposure and identified as potentially hazards. Among the factors
considered in selecting chemicals for review are volume of use and exposure through
food use.
Of the registration standards established to date, several health problems
have been identified, and corrective actions taken to reduce risk. In every
standard, important health and environmental data gaps are identified, and commit-
ments are being received from registrants to generate and submit required data
expeditiously. The data needs are determined on a case-by-case basis, considering
the use pattern of each chemical and its actual exposure potential. This ensures
that the Agency asks only for data essential to its decision process, and thereby
minimizes costs to registrants and the public.
Beginning in 1984, information system support will be improved. The need for
system enhancements and a comprehensive information systems approach has been
identified by EPA and by the Congress. In addition, a total of 60 laboratory data
audits is projected, representing an increased effort to ensure the validity of
laboratory studies performed to support registrations.
P-32
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $20,020,100 supported by 190.4 total
workyears, of which $8,341,900 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
$11,528,200 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, and
$150,000 was for the Operations, Research and Facilities appropriation.
Special review decisions were reached on eight chemicals and a total of 36
laboratory audits were performed. Two chemicals (Methanearsonates and Naled) were
returned to the registration process, and; one chemical, Nitrofen (TDK), was volun-
tarily cancelled. Soil fumigation uses of Ethylene Dibromide (EDB) were subjected
to emergency suspension, and all other pesticide uses were proposed for cancellation.
Some uses of EPN, Lindane, and Strychnine were cancelled, and controls were imposed
on the terms and conditions of other uses. Some rodenticide uses of Compound 1080
were proposed for cancellation or modified terms and conditions of use.
The formal Industrial Biotest (IBT) Laboratory reviews were completed. Spon-
sors of IBT studies were notified of the results of the program review and informed
of the necessary corrective steps.
In 1983, 23 Registration Standards Guidance Packages were established, for a
cumulative total of 65 (cumulative poundage and the percent usage covered by exist-
ing registration standards is 931,000,000 pounds or 34.5 percent) and the first
cluster reviews were begun. Data for 70 chemicals was called in to ensure that
critical data gaps are filled early in the registration standard process.
SPECIAL REVIEWS - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT PREPARATION
1985 Program Request _ _ __
In view of its small size and the extent to which it is functionally integrated
into the Generic Chemical Review program, this program element will be absorbed
into that program element in 1985. The environmental impact analysis is an integral
part of the special review documentation and is not issued as a separate statement.
In 1985, this activity will continue on the same basis as in 1984.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $55,600 supported by 1.5 total
workyears, all of which is in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. Special
review activities for 1984 include preparation of analyses of projected impacts
on humans and/or the environment due to a pesticide exposure. Such analyses are
part of the documentation supporting special review decisions. In developing the
documentation, the Agency considers the adverse effects (health and environmental
impacts) of the pesticide under review.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
P-33
-------
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $110,500 supported by 3.0 total work-
years, all of which was in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. Activities
completed included preparation, in the special review process, of impact analyses
concerning exposure to pesticides. The analyses were used to support special
review decisions.
P-34
-------
Enforcement
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
PESTICIDES P-l
ENFORCEMENT
Pesti cides Enforcement P-36
Pesticides Enforcement P-39
Pesticides Enforcement Grants P-40
Pesticides Certification & Training P-41
P-35
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Pesticides Enforcement
Salaries & Expenses $4,038.9 $4,075.1 $4,248.4 $4,088.6 $4,324.6 $236.0
Abatement Control and $90.1 $45.3 $45.3 $45.3 $45.3
Compliance
TOTAL $4,129.0 $4,120.4 $4,293.7 $4,133.9 $4,369.9 $236.0
Pesticides Enforcement
Grants
7 Abatement Control and $8,717.9 $6,918.4 $8,703.4 $8,703.4 $8,703.4
w Compliance
TOTAL $8,717.9 $6,918.4 $8,703.4 $8,703.4 $8,703.4
Pesticides
Certification &
Training
Abatement Control and $1,916.8 $2,100.0 $2,100.0 $2,100.0 $2,100.0
Compliance
TOTAL $1,916.8 $2,100.0 $2,100.0 $2,100.0 $2,100.0
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $4,038.9 $4,075.1 $4,248.4 $4,088.6 $4,324.6 $236.0
Abatement Control and $10,724.8 $9,063.7 $10,848.7 $10,848.7 $10,848.7
Compliance
i
Pesticides Enforcement TOTAL $14,763.7 $13,138.8 $15,097.1 $14,937.3 $15,173.3 $236.0
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Pesticides Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
tOTAL WORKYEARS
Pesticides Enforcement
TOTAL WORKYEARS
98.7
98.7
107.1
107.1
(DOLLARS
90.9
90.9
99.6
99.6
IN THOUSANDS)
98.3 98.3
98.3 98.3
108.2 108.2
108.2 108.2
99.4 1.1
99.4 1.1
108.2
108.2
-------
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $15,173,300 supported by 108.2 total workyears
for this subactivity, of which $4,324,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $10,848,700 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, representing an increase in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
of $236,000. With some minor refinements to the program, the 1985 Pesticides En-
forcement program will continue its 1984 activities.
Program Description
Pesticides Enforcement The Pesticides Enforcement program emphasizes com-
pliance with FIFRA and related rules and regulations. This is accomplished primarily
through cooperative enforcement agreements with States and Territories.
The Regional offices negotiate and monitor grant activities for the Cooper-
ative Enforcement programs and the State Applicator Certification and Training
programs, conduct compliance monitoring, enforcement, certification and train-
ing activities in non-grant States, and monitor laboratories performing tests in
support of FIFRA regulations. The Regional Pesticide Enforcement program also
provides compliance assistance to the agricultural chemical industry, commercial
and private applicators, user groups, and States. Compliance assistance efforts
are undertaken to assist these groups with product registrations, special local
need registrations, and emergency exemptions, helping them understand and meet
their obligations under FIFRA.
The Regional Enforcement program provides assistance in enforcement actions
initiated by the States. In addition, it prepares and issues notices of violation
and administrative orders, with the concurrence of the Office of Enforcement and
Compliance Monitoring (OECM), in instances where the State does not participate
in the Cooperative Enforcement program or where the State refers the case to the
Agency for action.
Headquarters provides overall program guidance and sets national program
priorities. The major functions of Headquarters are to provide support to regu-
lation development including policies and compliance strategies; provide tech-
nical case development and general oversight to cooperative Federal/State Enforce-
ment programs and Federal/State Applicator Certification and Training programs;
and develop the annual grant guidance documents.
Pesticides Enforcement Grants -- Pesticide cooperative enforcement agreements
account for most of the pesticide compliance monitoring enforcement activities.
Under the terms of cooperative agreements with EPA, States inspect pesticide
producer establishments, provide marketplace surveillance, and investigate pest-
icide use. The grants also support the States in monitoring pesticide imports,
inspecting pesticide dealer records, and reviewing commercial applicator records.
Pesticides Certification and Training The Agency provides funds, which are
split between the Training program and the Certification program, to ensure that
highly toxic, restricted-use pesticides are handled, applied, and stored only by
certified, trained applicators. Funds for training applicators are transferred to
the U.S. Department of Agriculture for distribution to State Cooperative Extension
Services. Certification funds are distributed through grants to designated State
agencies. Funds are used by the States for certification activities such as
developing and grading exams, issuing credentials, monitoring, training, and keeping
records of certified applicators. The Agency also provides funding for Federal
Certification and Training programs in Colorado and Nebraska.
P-38
-------
PESTICIDES ENFORCEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,369,900 .supported by 108.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,324,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses ap-
propriation, and $45,300 will be for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation, representing an increase of $236,000 in the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation to cover increased salary obligations. Contract funds will be used
for ADP support to store annual pesticide production data as required by Section
7 of FIFRA and for support of the FIFRA and TSCA Enforcement System (FATES), the
computer system used to store and maintain compliance data.
In 1985, the major emphasis of the Pesticides Enforcement program will be to
continue the level of participation with the States through the grant programs.
Program emphasis will be on achieving compliance with rules governing pesticide
use and production, mainly through the cooperative agreements. As a consequence
of the States' role in the compliance program, the primary Federal role will be
oversight of State Cooperative Grant programs, and administration of the Federal
Applicator Certification and Training programs in Colorado (for private applicators)
and Nebraska and of the Pesticides Enforcement program in Nebraska. The Federal
program will initiate enforcement actions in response to State referrals. The
Agency will also administers the laboratory inspection program, conduct import and
export surveillance, and provide technical assistance to States.
In addition, the Regional Enforcement program will provide compliance assis-
tance to the agricultural chemical industry, commercial and private applicators,
user groups, and States to assist them to understand and comply with FIFRA rules
and regulations as well as obtain product registrations, experimental use permits,
special local need registrations, and emergency exemptions.
Headquarters will provide support to the FIFRA regulatory development and
review process. Headquarters will also develop compliance monitoring strategies
and enforcement response policies for all rules and orders as well as guidance and
general oversight to the cooperative Federal/State Enforcement programs and State
Applicator Certification and Training programs. Technical and analytical support
for Regional activities will be provided.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,133,900 supported by 108.2
total workyears, of which $4,088,600 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $45,300 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The major emphasis of the 1984 Pesticides Enforcement program will be to main-
tain the level of State participation with the grant programs and to negotiate and
oversee the grants. The Agency will manage 54 cooperative enforcement agreements
and oversee 51 State Certification and 52 Training programs. Training of State
personnel will continue, as will Federal compliance monitoring activities, in those
States not participating in the grant program and in those States with enforcement
issues which the State cannot adequately address. The Pesticide Enforcement
program will undertake laboratory/data audit inspections, conduct import and export
surveillance, and operate the computer system for pesticide producer establishment
registration and other related enforcement data. Federal compliance assistance
will continue to be provided to States and the regulated community.
P-39
-------
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$159,800 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$159,800) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$500 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$159,300, was included in a reprogramming letter
to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $4,129,000 supported by 107.1 total workyears,
of which $4,038,900 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $90,100
was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
During 1983, the EPA Federal Compliance Monitoring program accomplished the
following: 275 inspections of pesticide producing establishments, 320 use and
reentry inspections, 327 inspections at ports of entry, 892 marketplace inspec-
tions, and 39 laboratory inspection audits. As a result of Federal and State
efforts, the Agency issued 296 administrative orders and 1,473 notices of warning
for product/producer and use violations.
EPA also provided management and oversight to 53 cooperative agreements,
50 State Certification programs, and 52 Training programs. State inspectors,
chemists, and case preparation officers were trained as part of the cooperative
agreements.
PESTICIDES ENFORCEMENT GRANTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,703,400 for grants in the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation.
As part of the cooperative enforcement agreements, States and Territories
will determine their program priorities and use the resources provided to act upon
these priorities. State compliance monitoring activities will include pesticide
producer establishment and marketplace inspections, use and reentry investigations,
applicator license and record inspections, and dealer record inspections.
The Agency will continue the Cooperative Enforcement program with 54 States and
Territories.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,703,400 for grants in the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. In 1984, these agreements stress
compliance with pesticide use and application regulations, and improvement of State
program priority-setting methodologies. As in previous years, the Pesticides
Enforcement program will foster user compliance with label directions and man-
ufacturer adherence to product formulation requirements under FIFRA.
One new State, Colorado, will be added to the Cooperative Enforcement program
for a total of 54 States and Territories.
P-40
-------
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $8,717,900 for grants in the Abatement, Con-
trol and Compliance appropriation. This funding provided resources for 53 States
to conduct 1,961 establishment inspections, 16,008 use and reentry inspections,
20,004 marketplace inspections, 185 import inspections, 16,508 applicator license
and record inspections, and 12,414 dealer record inspections.
PESTICIDES CERTIFICATION AND TRAINING
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,100,000 for grants in the Abatement, Control
and Compliance appropriation. The program will support 51 Applicator Certification
and 52 Training programs in States and Territories and a Federally run Certification
program in Colorado (for private applicators), and Nebraska. In addition, EPA
will assist States in updating and improving training materials in 1985.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,100,000 for grants in
the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This program will support
51 Certification programs (with the addition of a Commercial Applicator program in
Colorado) and 52 Training programs with States and Territories. In addition,
these funds support Federal programs 1n Colorado (for private applicators) and
Nebraska. The resources will continue to be used for certification and training
of applicators using highly toxic, restricted use pesticides.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,916,800 for grants in the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. These resources supported 50
Certification and 52 Training programs in States and Territories. In addition,
resources funded Federal Certification and Training programs in Colorado and
Nebraska.
P-41
-------
RADIATION
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
RADIATION
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Nonionizing Radiation R-5
ABATEMENT 8 CONTROL
Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines R-12
Radiation Program Implementation R-15
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment R-18
R-l
-------
APPROPRIATION
RADIATION
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL
REQUEST
1984
ESTIMATE
1985
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Radiation
$7,480.0 $7,742.4 $8,298.3 $8,208.0
$3,842.8 $3,095.7 $3,095.7 $3,095.7
$357.6 $16.7 $1,016.7 $1,016.7
$11,680.4 $10,854.8 $12,410.7 $12,320.4
$8,878.2
$2,195.7
$1,016.7
$12,090.6
$670.2
-$900.0
-$229.8
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
139.0 126.9 142.2 142.2 153.8 11.6
161.6 146.4 164.6 164.6 164.6
$14,363.0 $11,419.0 $12,331.2 $12,372.0 $13,211.5 $839.5
All except Research and Development is by virtue of Appropriation Act.
R&D Act expired September 30, 1981 and reauthorization is pending.
-------
RADIATION
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
EPA's mandate to protect the public health and environment from adverse
effects of radiation exposure is derived from several statutes: (1) the Federal
guidance and general environmental standard authorities under the Atomic Energy
Act, transferred to EPA by Reorganization Plan #3 of 1970; (2) the Clean Air Act
Amendments of 1977, which provide authority to regulate radioactive air pollutants
through the standard setting authorities of the Act; (3) the Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act and the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act, which charge
EPA with providing standards for protection from waste materials with radioactive
content; (4) the Nuclear Waste Policy Act; and (5) other authorities contained in
the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, the Marine Protection Research and Sanctu-
aries Act, the Safe Drinking Water Act, the Public Health Service Act, and the
National Environmental Policy Act.
EPA's legislative authorities generally prescribe an environmental assessment,
technology assessment, and standard setting role for EPA. In some cases, enforce-
ment responsibilities are vested in other agencies, notably the Nuclear Regulatory
Commission. In these instances, EPA performs some oversight functions to ensure
that established standards and guidance are followed.
Within the framework of applicable legislation, EPA's radiation program strat-
egy includes: 1) Establish radiation standards and guidance that result in regula-
tory controls which promise the greatest reduction in adverse health effects and
environmental impacts; 2) Maintain a capability to assess and quantify existing
and emerging radiation problems and the potential impact of technologies under
development; 3) Evaluate and respond to issues of serious public concern, and
identify situations where corrective action is the responsibility of other organ-
izations; and, 4) Maintain a capability to respond to emergencies and to aid devel-
opment and testing of State, local, and_J;_ederal_Plan£ for emergency^ response.
Within this general strategy, highest priorities have been given to activities
mandated by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977, radioactive waste management
activities, completion of Federal Guidance currently under development, and testing
of State radiological emergency response plans.
The emphasis on the Clean Air Act activities is consistent with public concern'
over radiation, the existence of a significant number of poorly defined and uncon-
trolled sources that emit radioactive air pollutants, and the court decision man-
dating EPA action on airborne radionuclides.
EPA's role in the control of radioactive waste disposal is prescribed in the
Nuclear Waste Policy Act, the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act, and by
the Interagency Review Group on Nuclear Waste Management. Areas covered by Federal
Guidance currently under development include general occupational exposure and
radiofrequency exposure. EPA responsibilities for review and testing of emergency
response plans and development of Protective Action Guides are specified in regula-
tions issued by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in March 1982. Monitoring
of the Three Mile Island cleanup is a result of a White House directive for this
activity.
EPA's radiation research program provides other EPA offices, as well as other
Federal, State and local agencies, with scientifically credible data, methodologies,
and assessments required to determine public exposure to nonionizing radiation and
radioactive material in the environment and to control such exposure. The Agency's
nonionizing research program will provide health data and assessments for estab-
lishing, reviewing and revising the radiofrequency guidelines. Data for regulatory
strategies for continuous-wave and whole body exposure will be analyzed. The
significance of central nervous system effects from low-level exposures and the
risks of exposure for frequencies outside the range of present guidelines need to
be determined. The off-site monitoring program conducted to support the Depart-
ment of Energy's operation of nuclear test sites and the quality assurance program
for radiochemical analyses will be maintained at the same level of effort.
R-3
-------
Research and
Development
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
RADIATION R-l
RESEARCH 8 DEVELOPMENT
Noni oni zi ng Radl at Ion R-5
R-4
-------
RADIATION
Nonlonlzlng Radiation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries * Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
$159.5
$16.7
$176.2
$935.2
$340.9
$1,276.1
$1,094.7
$357.6
$216.4 $216.4
$16.7 $16.7
$233.1 $233.1
$562.2
$1,000.0
$1,562.2
$216.4 $778.6
$16.7 $1,016.7
$214.8
$16.7
$231.5
$562.2
$1,000.0
$1,562.2
$777.0
$1,016.7
$207.1
$16.7
$223.8
$897.7
$1,000.0
$1,897.7
$1,104.8
$1,016.7
-$7.7
-$7.7
$335.5
$335.5
$327.8
Nonlonlzlng Radiation TOTAL $1,452.3 $233.1 $1,795.3 $1,793.7
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Monitoring Systems *
Quality Assurance
4.1
5.0
5.0
5.0
$2,121.5
5.0
$327.8
-------
RADIATION
Nonfonlzing Radiation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
Health Effects
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Monitoring Systems 4
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(
15.1
19.2
4.1
18.0
22.1
DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
15.3
5.0 20.3
5.0 5.0
17.0
5.0 22.0
15.3
20.3
5.0
17.0
22.0
16.0
21.0
5.0
17.0
22.0
.7
.7
-------
RADIATION
Nonionizi ng Radiation
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Major Outputs/Milestones 1983 1984 1985
Conduct Off-Site Radiological
Monitoring and Surveillance
Program
- Provide annual reports on 7/83 7/84 7/85
off-site surveillance in
previous calendar year
(Monitori ng)
Conduct an Analytical Radio-
chemical Quality Assurance Program
- Report on each laboratory 9/83 9/84 9/85
quality assurance inter-
comparison study as completed
(Monitori ng)
Provide Health Effects Data and
Assessments Necessary to Develop, Review
and Revise Federal Radiation Protection
Guidance
- Provide draft comprehensive health 7/83
assessment document, Biological
Effects of Radi of requency Radiation,
for SAB review and public comment
as part of documentation for develop-
ment of environmental exposure
guideli nes (Health)
- Provide data on the fetotoxic and 9/89 9/89 9/89
metabolic effects of nonioniring
radiation (NIR) on various species
so that the effect of NIR on pregnant
women and their offspring may be
predicted with greater confidence
(Health)
- Determine the low i ntensity ELF fields 9/89 9/89 9/89
which cause biological changes; how
those changes occur and animal impact
in terms of immunity, development and
behavior (Health)
R-7
-------
RADIATION
Noni oni zi ng Radi ati on
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,121,500 supported by 22.0 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $327,800 from 1984. Included in this total are $1,104,800
for Salaries and Expenses and $1,016,700 for Research and Development, representing
an increase of $327,800 in Salaries and Expenses. The increase reflects additional
health effects research on low frequency radiation.
Program Description
The goal of the radiation research program is to provide the Office of Radia-
tion Programs (ORP), and other EPA, Federal, regional, State and local officials
with scientifically credible data, methodologies, and assessments required to
control and determine public exposure to non-ionizing radiation (NIR) and to radio-
active materials in the environment. The following objectives support this goal:
Objective 1. Conduct Off-Site Radiological Monitoring and Surveillance
Program! The program under this objective provides comprehensive radiological
monitoring and surveillance services to meet specific Department of Energy (DOE)
requirements for its nuclear testing programs, especially at the Nevada Test Site
(NTS). This work is conducted under a reimbursable arrangement with DOE.
Objective 2. Conduct an Analytical Radi ochemi cal Quality Assurance Program.
A quality assurance (QA) program i s conducted in support o? Federal, regional,
State and local laboratories which assess radionuclide activities in air, water,
milk, and food to determine the impact of local nuclear facility activities. The
QA program supports the Office of Radiation Programs by serving as a source of
radionuclide and instrument standards and radiochemical methods for analysis of
environmental samples.
Objective 3. Provide Health Effects Data and Assessments Necessary to
Develop, Review, and Reyl se Federal Radiation Protection Guidance. Fhi s research
supports the responsibilities of the Office of Radiation Programs for establi shi ng,
reviewing and revising environmental exposure gui deli nes for non-ionizing radiation.
Despite significant advances in developing a data base on the health effects of NIR,
many issues remain to be investigated and resolved in order to ensure that the most
appropriate and comprehensive guidelines are developed.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $223,800 supported by 5.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $207,100 is for Salaries and Expenses and $16,700 is
for Research and Development. The decrease of $7,700 in Salaries and Expenses
represents no substantial change from 1984.
Conduct Off-Site Radiological Monitoring and Surveillance Program. National
nuclear testing activities must be conducted in a way that does not adversely impact
the health and safety of the population or the quality of the environment. To assure
this requires comprehensive environmental monitoring and surveillance capabilities.
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides these capabilities to support
DOE nuclear test activities. EPA is an active participant in the decision-making
process when tests are conducted and serves on the test controller's advisory
panel. This panel advises the DOE test controller on whether it is advisable to
initiate a test. At each test, radiation safety and monitoring teams are deployed
to document environmental levels of radioactivity and to be prepared for remedial
action in the event of accidental releases.
R-8
-------
Conduct an Analytical Radiochemical Quality Assurance Program. Standard
reference materials and laboratory audits are necessary to support the quality
assurance aspects of the environmental radiation monitoring program being conducted
by program offices, Regions, States, nuclear facilities, and contract laboratories.
Over 200 of these organizations routinely make radiation measurements which are
reported to various local, State, and Federal agencies. This research program
provides technical expertise and guidance to those laboratories for radiochemical
analyses of environmental samples. Laboratory intercomparison studies are focused
on the accuracy and precision of measurement of radioactivity in milk, simulated
diet, drinking water, urine, and air filters. These data will be used in assess-
ments of population exposures to radiation. A total of 16 laboratory intercompari-
son studies will be conducted in 1985. The integrity of standards or reference
materials are ensured through continuing radionuclide traceability studies with the
National Bureau of Standards (NBS) and a repository for NBS-certified radionuclide
standards will be maintained.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $231,500 and 5.0 total workyears for this
program, of which $214,800 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$16,700 is under the Research and Development appropriation.
Conduct Off-Site Radiological Monitoring and Surveillance Program. The off-
site monitoring and surveillance program at the Nevada Test Site and at former sites
of nuclear tests is continuing.
Conduct an Analytical Radiochemical Quality Assurance Program. In 1984,
12 laboratory intercomparison studies are being conducted in the quality assurance
program for samples of food, milk, urine and air. About 400 radionuclide standards
and reference materials maintained under the repository program are being distri-
buted to Federal, State, and local laboratories.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$1,600 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$1,600) A reprogramming was made to this activity which was
not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change re-
sulted in a net decrease of -$1,600 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $176,200 and 4.1 total workyears for
this program, of which $159,500 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $16,700 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropri-
ation.
Conduct Off-Site Radiological Monitoring and Surveillance Program. The off-
site monitoring and surveillance program at the Nevada Test Site and at former sites
of nuclear tests was maintained.
Conduct an Analytical Radiochemical Quality Assurance Program. In 1983, 11
laboratory intercomparison studies were conducted in the quality assurance program
for samples of food, milk, urine, and air. About 400 radionuclide standards and
reference materials maintained under the repository program were distributed to
Federal, State, and local laboratories involved in monitoring radiation in the
environment.
R-9
-------
HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,897,700 supported by 17.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $897,700 is for Salaries and Expenses and $1,000,000 is
for Research and Development. The increase of $335,500 in the Salaries and Ex-
penses appropriation reflects an increase in research on low frequency radiation.
Provide Health Effects Data and Assessments Necessary to Develop. Review, and
Revise Federal Radiation Protection Guidance. The Agency is confronted with gaps
in the health data base underlying the current Federal Radiation Protection Guide-
lines for radiofrequency (RF) and microwave radiation (10 Khz to 100 GHz). Present-
ly, only continuous wave radiation (as averaged over the whole body) can be addressed
in the guidance. Data gaps exist in the following areas. First, data on peak power,
intermittent, partial body, lifetime exposures, wave modulation, and non-uniform
energy absorption are not yet fully available to permit development of regulatory
strategies for these varied and predominating conditions of environmental exposure.
Second, effects on the central nervous system have been identified at extremely low
levels of exposure (e.g., interference with brain biochemistry and cell growth
and development). Third, the potential risks posed by exposure to frequencies out-
side the range of present guidelines needs to be resolved.
In order to address these information gaps, ORP has requested ORD's assistance
in reaching decisions on the need for regulation on these frequencies. In 1985,
research on radiofrequency and microwave radiation will increase on neurological
effects, long-term low-level exposure, and dose/extrapolation modeling.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,562,200 and 17.0 total work-
years to this program, of which $562,200 1s under the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,000,000 is under the Research and Development appropriation.
Provide Health Effects Data and Assessments Necessary to Develop. Review and
Revise Federal Radiation Protection Guidance.In 1984, ORD will complete the
necessary revisions to the health assessment document, Biological Effects of
Radiofrequency Radiation, which was made available for public comment and Science
Advisory Board (SAB) Feview in July 1983. This document accompanies the Federal
Radiation Protection Guidance for radiofrequency radiation to be promulgated in
1984. During the review of the health assessment document, several issues were
raised highlighting the need for additional research outside of the scope of the
current radiation protection guidance.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,276,100 and 18.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $935,200 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $340,900 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Provide Health Effects Data and Assessments Necessary to Develop. Review
and Revise Federal Radiation Protection Guidance.EPShascompletedan external
review draft health assessment document on radio frequency radiation as part of
its analyses to develop Federal Radiation Protection Guidance.
R-10
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Abatement and
Control
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
RADIATION R-l
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Radiation Criteria, Standards 8 Guidelines R-12
Radiation Program Implementation R-15
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment R-18
R-ll
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RADIATION
Radiation Criteria, Standards & Guidelines
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Radiation Criteria,
Standards & Guidelines
Salaries * Expenses $3,351.3 $3,870.0 $3,870.0 $3,870.0 $4,046.3 $176.3
Abatement Control and $3,018.0 $2,495.7 $2,495.7 $2,495.7 $1,595.7 -$900.0
Compliance
TOTAL $6,369.3 $6,365.7 $6,365.7 $6,365.7 $5,642.0 -$723.7
TOTAL:
Salaries S Expenses $3,351.3 $3,870.0 $3,870.0 $3,870.0 $4,046.3 $176.3
Abatement Control and $3,018.0 $2,495.7 $2,495.7 $2,495.7 $1,595.7 -$900.0
Compliance
Radiation Criteria, TOTAL $6,369.3 $6,365.7 $6,365.7 $6,365.7 $5,642.0 -$723.7
Standards 4 Guidelines
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Radiation Criteria,
Standards 8 Guidelines
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Radiation Criteria,
Standards & Guidelines
TOTAL WORKYEARS
61.3
61.3
68.7
68.7
65.0
65.0
74.3
74.3
65.0
65.0
74.3
74.3
65.0
65.0
74.3
74.3
69.3
69.3
74.3
74.3
4.3
4.3
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Criteria, Standards, and Guidelines
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,642,000 supported by 74.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,046,300 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $1,595,700 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation, a
decrease of $723,700 and no change in workyears. The request is an increase of
$176,300 for Salaries and Expenses and a decrease of $900,000 for Abatement, Con-
trol and Compliance.
Program Description
Radiation environmental standards and guidelines are developed and promulgated
under this subactivity. These standards and guidelines protect the public health
and the environment by minimizing risk of radiation exposures from nuclear energy
applications, naturally occurring radioactive materials, medical and occupational
radiation exposure, and nonionizing radiation.
RADIATION CRITERIA. STANDARDS. AND GUIDELINES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,642,000 supported by 74.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $4,046,300 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $1,595,700 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The request represents an increase of $176,300 for personnel and operating costs
and a decrease of $900,000, respectively, from 1984. The decrease in Abatement,
Control and Compliance results from completion of support needed for regulatory
analyses related primarily to airborne radionuclide activities.
Work in 1985 will concentrate on three major areas of regulatory effort:
airborne radionuclides, radioactive waste management, and Federal Guidance. Atten-
tion will also be devoted to the mandated review of the environmental standards for
normal operations in the uranium fuel cycle (40 CFR 190). Airborne radionuclides
efforts will include examination of phosphogypsum piles, calciners, and iron pel-
letizers as candidates for inclusion as source categories under the standards
written under section 112 of the Clean Air Act. The standard for uranium mills
will also be proposed under that authority.
As part of programs addressing the problems of radioactive waste disposal,
the Agency will hold public hearings on its proposal for generic standards for
low-level waste, and move towards completion of the work necessary to propose a
standard for residual radioactivity levels at decommissioned nuclear facilities
in 1986. Technical criteria addressing site designation, packaging, and monitoring
aspects of ocean disposal of radioactive waste will be completed to be available
for review of any permit applications.
Final Federal Guidance for radiofrequency radiation will be published, and a
determination will be made on the need for guidance for extremely low frequency
radiation. The Agency will continue to work with other Federal agencies to implement
existing standards for active and inactive mill tailings and for high level waste
disposal.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $6,365,700 and 74.3 total work-
years for this program, of which $3,870,000 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,495,700 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
R-13
-------
During 1984, efforts are concentrated in three areas: regulation of radio-
nuclides under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act; management of radioactive waste
under the generally applicable environmental standards authority of the Atomic
Energy Act and the Nuclear Waste Policy Act; and development of Federal radiation
guidance under the provisions of the Atomic Energy Act. Clean Air Act efforts are
directed towards promulgating standards proposed in 1983, and towards developing a
proposal for the regulation of uranium mills. Radioactive waste disposal program
activities include: promulgation of the high level waste standard; initiation
of the program to develop standards for residual radioactivity levels at decommis-
sioned nuclear facilities; and continued development of generic waste standards
for land disposal of low level waste. The Agency is also participating in inter-
national deliberations related to the ocean disposal of radioactive wastes, as
well as maintaining a capability to review permit applications from domestic
sources for this purpose. Final guidance for general occupational exposure to
radiation is expected to be completed under the Federal Guidance authority, and
guidance for exposure to nonionizing radiation in the radiofrequency range will
be proposed. EPA and other Federal agencies will work together to assure adequate
implementation of existing regulations.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $6,369,300 and 68.7 total workyears for this
program, of which $3,351,300 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$3,018,000 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. Contract
funds supported the gathering of data and analyses in support of standards setting,
particularly in the areas of airborne radionuclides and radioactive waste disposal.
This work led to the proposal of the high level radioactive waste standards and
promulgation of uranium mill tailings standards for active and inactive sites.
Standards were also proposed to regulate four source categories for airborne
radionuclides. Progress was made on several other regulatory efforts, including
disposal standards for low level wastes, guidance-for general occupational radiation
exposure, and guidance to limit exposure to radiofrequency radiation.
R-14
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RADIATION
Radiation Program Implementation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
Radiation Program
Implementation
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries A Expenses
Radiation Program TOTAL
Implementation
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Radiation Program
Implementation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL VORKYEARS '
Radiation Program
Implementation
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS
$611.9 $716.7
$611.9 $716.7
$611.9 $716.7
$611.9 $716.7
10.1 10.0
10.1 10.0
12.3 11.1
12.3 11.1
IN THOUSANDS)
$710.4 $621.7
$710.4 $621.7
$710.4 $621.7
$710.4 $621.7
10.0 10.0
10.0 10.0
12.3 12.3
12.3 12.3
$654.5 $32.8
$654.5 $32.8
$654.5 $32.8
$654.5 $32.8
12.3 2.3
12.3 2.3
12.3
12.3
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Program Implementation
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $654,500, supported by 12.3 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
resulting in an increase of $32,800.
Program Description
This program supports activities of EPA's Regional offices and includes:
participating in the review and testing of State radiological emergency re-
sponse plans; reviewing environmental impact statements (e.g., light water reactors
and uranium mining and milling); providing the public with technical information;
providing direct assistance to State and local governments with special radiation
problems of a short-term nature; and providing the radiological expertise needed by
the Regions to manage radiological problems associated with the drinking water and
hazardous waste programs.
RADIATION PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $654,500 supported by 12.3 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
represents an increase of $32,800 from 1984 for personnel and operating costs.
A continued emphasis for the 1985 Regional program is technical assist-
ance to States in the area of emergency response planning. EPA assists States in
the development of radiological emergency response plans and formally reviews these
plans along with other Federal agencies under the coordination of the Federal
Emergency Management Agency. Regional Offices will continue to be involved in the
characterization and identification of hazardous radioactive waste sites. This
effort supports both the EPA Headquarter's hazardous waste programs and the requests
from the States. The Regions will continue to be the primary reviewer of environ-
mental impact statements for radiation facilities, such as commercial nuclear
power plants, uranium mines and mills, and radioactive waste disposal facilities.
Other areas of special concern to Regions will be assistance in the implementation
of the uranium mill tailings standards in those Regions affected and continued
support to the States, particularly for the management of radioactive wastes.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $621,700 and 12.3 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In
1984, emergency preparedness and technical assistance to the States on radioactive
waste problems remains the central focus of the EPA Regional radiation program.
The Regional program is participating with the Headquarter's staff in developing a
catalog of radiation contaminated sites that may require Superfund remedial actions.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$88,700 results from the following actions:
-Reprogramtnings. (-$1,800) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. These changes
resulted in a net decrease of -$1,800 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
R-16
-------
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$86,900, was included in a reprogramnring letter
to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $611,900 and 12.3 total workyears for this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. Emergency
preparedness and technical assistance to the States and other EPA Regional programs
remained the central focus of the EPA Regional radiation program.
R-17
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Radiation Environmental
Impact Assessment
Salaries * Expenses $2,422.1 $2,939.3 $2,939.3 $2,939.3 $3,072.6 $133.3
Abatement Control and $824.8 $600.0 $600.0 $600.0 $600.0
Compliance
TOTAL $3,246.9 $3,539.3 $3,539.3 $3,539.3 $3,672.6 $133.3
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $2,422.1 $2,939.3 $2,939.3 $2,939.3 $3,072.6 $133.3
Abatement Control and $824.8 $600.0 $600.0 $600.0 $600.0
Compliance
Radiation TOTAL $3,246.9 $3,539.3 $3,539.3 $3,539.3 $3,672.6 $133.3
Environmental Impact
Assessment
PERMANt NT WORKYEARS
Radiation Environmental 48.4 46.9 46.9 46.9 51.2 4.3
Impact Assessment
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 48.4 46.9 46.9 46.9 51.2 4.3
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL UORKYEARS
Radiation Environmental 58.5 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0
Impact Assessment
TOTAL WORKYEARS 58.5 56.0 56.0 56.0 56.0
-------
RADIATION
Radiation Environmental Impact Assessment
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,672,600 supported by 56.0 total workyears
for 1985, of which $3,072,600 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $600,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This
represents an increase of $133,300 in Salaries and Expenses reflecting Increased
personnel and operating costs and no change in workyears.
Program Description
Activities in this program provide the information necessary to identify and
analyze potential radiological health problems having public health Impacts and to
support the development of standards and guidelines. Also included under this
subactivity is the monitoring of environmental radiation, as well as laboratory
analysis, technology assessments, emergency preparedness, and emergency response.
RADIATION ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,672,600 supported by a total of 56.0 work-
years for this program. Of the request, $3,072,600 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $600,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropria-
tion. This request represents an Increase of $133,300 in Salaries and Expenses
reflecting Increased payroll and operating costs.
In 1985, this program will continue to support development of standards under
the Clean Air Act, the Atomic Energy Act, and the Nuclear Waste Policy Act. Fully
equipped emergency response capabilities will be maintained at two field locations.
Off-site monitoring of the Three Mile Island nuclear reactor cleanup will continue.
The Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System will collect and analyze
samples of air, precipitation, and milk 1n its national network to determine ambient
radiation levels and will maintain its preparedness to monitor the environment
in the event of atmospheric testing of nuclear devices. The quality assurance
program will be operated to ensure accuracy of all laboratory measurements and data
analyses conducted either in-house or through program contracts. In addition,
support to States, other Federal agencies, and other parts of EPA will continue in
the form of radiochemical analyses, technical assistance, and EPA participation
in the Conference of Radiation Control Program Directors.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,539,300 and 56.0 total work-
years for this program, of which $2,939,300 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $600,000 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
Program activities include: continued laboratory and technical support to
standards-setting, maintenance of an emergency response capability, coordination of
the Regional offices in their review and testing of State emergency response plans,
assistance to other EPA offices and to State radiological programs, and support
for the Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System. Ocean disposal monitor-
ing activities will continue with participation in the marketplace seafood surveys,
and completion of the Massachusetts Bay survey and Ocean Dumping inventory reports.
R-20
-------
The monitoring of off-site releases at Three Mile Island will also continue.
Additional work will include completion of the measurement protocol derived from
the Butte, Montana radon survey and continued operation of a program-wide quality
assurance plan. The 1984 program reflects continuing emphasis on standards-
setting activities, including resources for Clean Air Act work necessary to meet
the proposed regulatory schedules, and further development of the standards for
residual radioactivity at decommissioned nuclear facilities.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $3,246,900 and 58.5 total workyears for this
program, of which $2,422,100 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$824,800 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. Contract
funds provided partial support to monitoring activities at Three Mile Island
with the American Association of Retired People and the ocean disposal survey of
Massachusetts Bay. Activities in 1983 included: continued laboratory and tech-
nical support to standards-setting, maintenance of an emergency response capability,
coordination of the Regional offices in their review and testing of State emergency
response plans, and assistance to other EPA offices and to State radiological
programs. The Environmental Radiation Ambient Monitoring System was maintained.
Ocean disposal monitoring activities included participation in the Massachusetts
Bay and marketplace seafood surveys. Field work on the Butte, Montana radon
survey was completed, and the program-wide quality assurance program was continued.
R-21
-------
INTER-
DISCIPLINARY
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
INTERDISCIPLINARY 1-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Interaiedi a Programs 1-6
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
NEPA Compliance & Federal Agencies Compliance 1-19
NEPA Compl i ance 1-21
Federal Agencies Compliance 1-22
Accelerated Review and Permitting 1-23
Interdisciplinary Training Grants 1-26
ENFORCEMENT
Enforcement Policy & Technical Support 1-29
Technical Support - Office of Enforcement & Compliance
Monitoring 1-31
Enforcement Policy & Operations 1-33
1-1
-------
APPROPRIATION
INTERDISCIPLINARY
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL
REQUEST
1984
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compli ance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Interdisciplinary
$21,648.0 $18,244.1 $20,781.3 $20,661.9
$10,608.4 $7,049.4 $7,864.4 $7,864.4
$5,770.2 $16,042.1 $17,242.1 $17,542.8
$38,026.6 $41,335.6 $45,887.8 $46,069.1
$23,705.7 $3,043.8
$8,718.9 $854.5
$16,528.2 -$1,014.6
$48,952.8 $2,883.7
i
ro
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
444.7 353.4 422.2 425.4 486.1 60.7
509.4 396.5 469.1 472.7 514.3 41.6
$24,798.0 $20,098.0 $32,046.7 $32,077.1 $43,009.2 $10,932.1
All except Research and Development Is by virtue of Appropriation Act. R&D
Act expired September 30, 1981 and reauthorlzation is pending.
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Interdisciplinary program is
composed of several activities that cut across programmatic lines and are not
readily assignable to a specific media. These programs address environmental
concerns that affect several media and require an interdisciplinary approach.
The Interdisciplinary program includes the Intermedia research program within the
Research and Development function, the Federal Agencies Compliance program and
the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Compliance program within the Abate-
ment and Control function, and the legal aspects of the Agency's enforcement
efforts.
The intermedia research program encompasses four major activities: explora-
tory research, technical information and liaison, scientific assessments, and
quality assurance management. The exploratory research program is EPA's princi-
pal means of conducting long-range exploratory research. The research is con-
ducted primarily through grants and the academic research centers. It also
includes the Mussel Watch Toxics Trend Monitoring program and the Senior Visit-
ing Scientist program which will be instituted to strengthen science policy and
the research program. The technical information and liaison program communicates
technical and scientific information of the Office of Research and Development
(ORD). The scientific assessment program has responsibility for developing uni-
form risk assessment guidelines for Agencywide application, assuring consistency
of approach to guidelines, and coordinating with other agencies. The quality
assurance program provides centralized management for the Agencywide quality
assurance program and develops quality assurance policy.
The NEPA Compliance program is responsible for preparing EPA's Environmental
Impact Statements (EISs) or, alternatively, determining Findings of No Significant
Impact, on (1) National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits
for new sources in States where the NPDES .program, is Federally managed and (2)
Federally funded municipal wastewater treatment projects to assure that new facil-
ities with Federal involvement are planned, constructed, and operated pursuant to
Section 511(c) of the Clean Water Act and NEPA. In addition, this program
is developing a cooperating agency role for EPA by providing intermedia information
to assist in the preparation of other agencies' EISs.
The Federal Agencies Compliance program accomplishes statutory objectives un-
der the authority of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA); Section 309
of the Clean Air Act; and Executive Order 12088 - Federal Compliance with Pollu-
tion Control Standards. These laws require EPA to review and comment on proposed
actions of other Federal agencies to ensure that public health and the environment
are protected. In addition, Executive Order 12088 directs the Agency to: (1) pro-
vide technical advice and assistance to Federal agencies to ensure that their
facilities comply with pollution control requirements in a cost-effective and
timely manner; (2) monitor all Federal facilities compliance with applicable pollu-
tion control requirements; (3) assist Federal agencies and the Office of Management
and Budget (OMB) in developing budgetary plans for controlling pollution at Federal
facilities; and (4) resolve disputes regarding Federal facilities' violation of
pollution control requirements through the administrative mechanism provided by the
Order.
Enforcement Policy and Operations provides consistent direction to EPA en-
forcement for all non-Superfund media to assure the overall quality of EPA enforce-
ment. To accomplish these goals, it establishes compliance monitoring strategies,
enforcement priorities, policies, and procedural guidelines so that enforcement
actions are properly selected and prepared; continually evaluates and refines com-
pliance strategies and enforcement priorities; and assures that policies and proce-
dures are correctly implemented by the media enforcement programs and Regional
1-3
-------
offices. It conducts all legal case development, litigation, and adjudicatory
hearing activities for media enforcement programs, including oversight of evidence
gathering, preparation and management of cases, and referral of cases to the
Department of Justice for litigation. In addition, this program contains the
Agency's criminal investigations effort which entails investigation, preparation,
and referral of cases involving criminal violations of environmental statutes.
Investigators and attorneys will provide support to the Department of Justice
during subsequent investigation and litigation of these cases.
The National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC) in Denver provides
specialized technical expertise in support of EPA enforcement case preparation
activities. NEIC serves as a point of coordination and support for complex in-
vestigations that have a national impact on EPA and State regulatory programs. In
addition, while the resources for the criminal investigation program are included
in Enforcement Policy and Operations, the NEIC is responsible for providing program
management and direction. In 1985, NEIC will provide increased support to the
Agency's legal case preparation by managing the new evidence audit program. Evi-
dence audits will ensure that crucial data and information supporting enforcement
case development is fully accurate and complete from both a technical and legal
standpoint. :
1-4
-------
Research and
Development
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
INTERDISCIPLINARY 1-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Intermedl a Programs 1-6
1-5
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Intermedia Programs
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Scientific Assessment
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Technical Information 4
Liaison
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Exploratory Research
Core Program
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Quality Assurance
Management
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$1,837.7
$860.0
$2,697.7
$1,595.9
$4,910.2
$6,506.1
$1,727.2
$868.2
$2,595.4
$374.3
$15,173.9
$15,548.2
$600.0
$600.0
$1,727.2
$868.2
$2,595.4
$441.3
$16,373.9
$16,815.2
i
$330.7
$330.7
$600.0
$600.0
$1,727.2
$867.0
$2,594.2
$441.3
$16,512.3
$16,953.6
$560.4
$163.5
$723.9
$821.3
$821.3
$1,765.3
$868.2
$2,633.5
$578.5
$15,160.0
$15,738.5
$724.8
$500.0
$1,224.8
$221.3
$221.3
$38.1
$1.2
$39.3
$137.2
-$1,352.3
-$1,215.1
$164.4
$336.5
$500.9
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Intermedia Programs
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
Intermedia Programs TOTAL
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Technical Information &
Liaison
Exploratory Research
Core Program
Quality Assurance
Management '
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Technical Information &
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$3,433.6 $2,101.5 $3,099.2 $3
$5,770.2 $16,042.1 $17,242.1 $17
$9,203.8 $18,143.6 $20,341.3 $20
12.0
25.5 17.0 17.0
22.5 5.5 9.5
9.1
48.0 22.5 47.6
12.0
37.5 28.6 28.6
,328.9
,542.8
,871.7
12.0
17.0
9.5
12.3
50.8
12.0
28.6
$3,889.9
$16,528.2
$20,418.1
16.0
17.0
10.0
13.2
56.2
16.0
28.6
$561.0
-$1,014.6
-$453.6
4.0
.5
.9
5.4
4.0
Liaison
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Intermedia Programs
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Exploratory Research 29.0 7.4 10.0 10.0 10.0
Core Program
Quality Assurance 10.0 13.6 13.6
Management
TOTAL WORKYEARS 66.5 36.0 60.6 64.2 68.2 4.0
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Intermedia Programs
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Major Outputs/Milestones 1983 1984 1985
Disseminate Technical Information/
Technology to States and Localities
Conference: Thermal Conversion
of Municipal Sludge 3/83
Manual: Managing Asbestos in
Schools and Other Public
Buildings 3/83
Manual: Groundwater Management of
Public Water Supplies Threatened by
Groundwater Contamination 6/84
Capsule Reports: Post-Construction
Evaluations of Innovative Technology
Projects 9/84
User Guide: Emergency Action at Hazardous
Material Incidents 9/85
Handbook: Assessing Human Exposure to Toxic
Substances 9/85
Manage/Imp!ement the Exploratory Research
Grants and Centers Program
Exploratory Research Program: Report to
Congress 2/84
Long-Range Research Strategy 6/84 6/85
Issue Grants Program Solicitation 2/84 1/85
Manage Quality Assurance Program
- Agencywide implementation 6/84 6/85
plan and management strategy
- Data quality audit protocol 9/84 6/85
and conducting audits
- Annual Report to Adnri ni strator 9/84 6/85
1-9
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Intermedia Programs
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $20,418,100 supported by 68.2 total workyears,
a decrease of $453,600 and an increase of 4.0 workyears from 1984. Included in
this total is $3,889,900 for Salaries and Expenses and $16,528,200 for Research
and Development, an increase of $561,000 and a decrease of $1,014,600 respectively.
The net decrease is a result of several actions, primarily the transfer of the
Economic Benefits Program from the Office of Research and Development (ORD) to the
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation and an increase in the exploratory
research, risk assessment guidelines, and quality assurance management programs.
Program Descri pti on
The Intermedia Program contains those ORD activities which by nature encompass
all media. These are Exploratory Research, Technical Information and Liaison,
Integrated Risk Assessment, and Quality Assurance Management. The objectives of
these programs are as follows:
Objective 1. Manage/Implement the Exploratory Research Grants and Centers
ProgramTThe grants program funds individual investigator initiated ideas in areas
of concern to the Agency through an open, competitive, peer-revi ewed evaluation
process. The long-term exploratory research centers focus on multi-di sci plinary
research in eight topic areas. In addition, the Small Business Innovative Research
program, the Senior Environmental Employment Program and the Minority Institutions
Support Program are managed under this objective.
Objective 2. Manage/Implement the Scientific Forecasting and Trends Program.
Thi s activity involves the development of bi omonitoring techniques, such as Mussel
Watch, to identify environmental trends in order to determine long-term research
and development needs.
Objective 3. Manage Technical Information Products. The purpose of this ob-
ject i"vTTrT6"TonTroTrTevTeT77~TFbluIce~^^ information products in
the most cost-effective manner and develop special reports as needed.
Objective 4. Manage Administrative Revi ew Systems. This activity provides
guidance and procedures to improve the quality 67ORD's scientific and technical
information products in order to enable ORD to effectively communicate the latest
available information and technology.
Objectives. Disseminate Technical Information/Technology to States and
Localiti es. These activities provide State and local officials with the technical
data necessary to meet regulatory responsibilities and enable EPA to satisfy the
requirements of the Stevenson-Wydler Technical Innovation Act (PL-96-480).
Objective 6. Manage the Agencywide Mandatory Quality Assurance (QA) Program.
Thi s objective involves policy direction, management systems, and technical guide-
li nes for the Agencywide mandatory quality assurance program, which all program
offices, regional offices, and Agency laboratories must implement for all in-house
and extramural environmentally related monitoring projects.
1-10
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Objective 7. Assure Integrated Risk Assessment. This activity provides
Agencywide guidance to perform exposure assessments and carci nogenicity, reproduc-
tive effects, and other chronic health effects risk assessments. These guidelines
are intended to insure uniform assessments that rely on sound scientific principles
and i nformation.
Objecti ve 8. Manage/Implement Visiting Scientists Program: This objective
involves the development and implementation of programs to enhance the quality of
the Agency's research programs through the exchange of scientists and the granting
of awards for scientific achievement, the major activity being the establishment
and operation of a senior visiting scientists program.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $821,300 and 16 total workyears for this pro-
gram, all of which is for Salaries and Expenses. The increase of 4.0 workyears
and $221,300 reflects greater support for development of uniform risk assessment
methodologies.
Assure Integrated Risk Assessment. In 1985, the uniform risk assessment
effort will be increased to produce uniform guidelines, to review assessments for
uniformity, and to coordinate with other Federal agencies on risk assessment
developments. The approach is to expand the assessment groups within the Office
of Health and Environmental Assessment to develop technical assessment guidance
and to increase efforts to review assessments conducted by other program offices
within the Agency. Coordination of assessments among offices will be increased by
expanding efforts devoted to Agency work groups and committees. A revised set of
exposure, carci nogeni city, mutagenicity, and reproductive effects assessment guide-
lines that reflect state-of-the-art science will be completed. Guidance for devel-
opment of chronic health effects assessments and environmental risk assessments
will also be developed.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $600,000 and 12 total work-
years to this program, all of which is for Salaries and Expenses.
Assure Integrated Risk Assessment. During 1984, the Agency is strengthening
its risk assessment base. As a result, this new activity is involved in the de-
velopment of uniform risk assessment guidelines. The objective of this effort is
to provide consistent quality assessments based on sound scientific principles in
a timely fashion to assure an adequate scientific basis for the Agency's regulatory
decisions involving toxic chemicals. Regulatory decisions increasingly rely on
risk assessments. Currently, guidelines to assure that risk assessments are con-
ducted consistently and in accordance with sound scientific principles are incom-
plete. Oversight of risk assessments are conducted only on a limited basis.
During 1984, risk assessment guidelines in the areas of carci nogeni city, reproduc-
tive effects, other chronic effects and exposure assessment are being reviewed.
Where necessary, these guidelines will be revised to reflect advances in the state-
of-the-art.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
This activity did not exist as a separate program element in 1983.
1-11
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TECHNICAL INFORMATION AND LIAISON
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,633,500 supported by 28.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,765,300 is for Salaries and Expenses and $868,200 is
for Research and Development, an increase of $38,100 and $1,200, respectively.
This request reflects basically the same program levels as 1984.
Manage Technical Information Products. The Center for Environmental Research
Information (CERI) is and will continue to be the central point for all ORD infor-
mation products. CERI will track, process, and distribute all ORD reports, develop
special reports as needed, and produce all ORD project summaries and reports.
CERI's product management activities will fall into four major areas: (1) process-
ing reports and journal articles for submission to the National Technical Informa-
tion Service (NTIS); (2) reviewing and producing project summaries; (3) printing,
warehousi ng and distributing ORD information products, and (4) responding to
requests for ORD products. In 1985, CERI plans to process approximately 850
Project Reports and 500 journal articles to NTIS. It will also process approxi-
mately 400 project summaries and 80 other reports. CERI will continue to process
special requests for reports, respond to telephone inquiries for publications, and
manage development of the Congressional ly mandated Research Outlook.
Pi sseminate Technical Information/Technology to States and Localities. In
response to requests from the EPA program offices and the needs expressed by the
Regions and the States, ORD continually disseminates the available technology to
States and localities to enable them to meet their regulatory responsibilities.
There are two primary tools used by the Technology Transfer Program to carry
out its mission: seminars and publications. Seminars are developed by a team
headed by a CERI staff member. This team normally includes both EPA and private
industry personnel who have expertise in the particular technical discipline being
addressed. The seminar presentations discuss the applicable regulations, the
multimedia pollution control technology available to meet the regulations and the
management/financial consideration in choosing optimum pollution control stategies.
The publi cations prepared and disseminated by the program include design
manuals, technical capsule reports, seminar proceedings, user's guides, and hand-
books.
Specific technology transfer activities will be carried out in support of
several programs including Oxidants, Water Quality, Municipal Wastewater, Drinking
Water, Hazardous Waste, and Superfund.
Manage Administrative Review Systems. EPA has instituted a review process
for sci enti fic i nformation and educational documents to ensure that they are
based on the best scientific and technical evidence available. This process
provides a clearly defined route for the review and approval of the publications
before their public release. The goal is to establish clear Agency responsibility
for literature published in its name and by its employees when they are acting in
an offici al capacity.
Within ORD, CERI has the responsibility for administering and coordinating
the peer review process to insure that it is responsive and effective. It is
anticipated that 1,500 to 2,000 peer reviews will be processed in 1985.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,594,200 and 28.6 total work-
years to this program, of which $1,727,200 is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $867,000 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
1-12
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Manage Technical Information Products. In 1984, CERI is processing publica-
tions to NTIS, as well as processing and distributing project summaries and other
reports. These activities ensure that ORD's scientific and technical information
products are produced cost-effecti vely, controlled for quality, and distributed
uniformly. Inquiries for reports are being answered, and the Congressional ly-
mandated Research Outlook is being produced.
Disseminate Technical Information/Technology to States and Localities. Var-
ious technology transfer products are being developed, such as design manuals,
user's guides, handbooks, training seminars, -and workshops. These are being pro-
duced in close cooperation with the program offices and the Regions (and often
involve participants from i ndustry) and generally include discussion of regulations,
best available pollution control technologies, management and financial considera-
tions, and case histories of actual operations.
Manage Administrative Review Systems. Currently, the implementation of ORD's
technical information policy, peer review policy, and public information policy is
being coordinated and monitored by CERI. The Director of CERI advises the Director
of the Office of Research Program Management and the Assistant Administrator for
ORD on particular issues related to the above policies.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$1,200 results from the following action:
-Reprogrammi ng. (-$1,200) A reprogramnri ng was made to this activity which
was not report able under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$1,200 to the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,697,700 and 37.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,837,700 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $860,000 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropri ation.
Manage Technical Information Products. In 1983, .CERI was the central point
for aTl ORD information products. CERI tracked, processed, and distributed all
ORD reports, developed special reports, produced, all ORD project summaries and
reviewed the project summaries for policy implications. CERI processed 906 docu-
ments to NTIS. It also produced the Research Outlook, 285 project summaries and
78 other reports. CERI responded to 31,913 written requests for ORD publications,
14,040 telephone requests for publications and distributed about 363,000 informa-
tion products.
Dissemi nate Techni cal Information/Technology to States and Localities. In
1983, CERI was involved in the development of various technology transfer tools,
especi al ly handbooks and seminars. Examples of the subjects for design manuals
and seminars completed in 1983 were: Managing Asbestos in Schools and Other Public
Buildings, which provided school officials with a tool for evaluating their fa-
cilities, and a seminar on Protection of Public Water Supplies from Groundwater
Contami nati on.
Manage Administrative Review Systems. CERI managed the coordination and imple-
mentation of ORD's peer review policy. It continued its work on ORD's technical
information and public information policies.
1-13
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EXPLORATORY RESEARCH CORE PROGRAM
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $15,738,500 supported by 10.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $578,500 is for Salaries and Expenses and $15,160,000
is for Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $137,200 and a de-
crease of $1,352,300 respectively. The decrease results primarily from the trans-
fer of the Economic Benefits program from the Office of Research and Development
to the Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation. This is offset somewhat by an
increase in funding for the Visiting Scientists Program.
Manage/Implement the Exploratory Research Grants and Centers Program. During
1985, the focus for the program will continue to be research grants and our eight
academic Research Centers. However, the Agency will institute management changes
to improve the Exploratory Research program. These changes should result in an
Exploratory Research program that is better focused on our long-range needs in a
way that more effectively meets these priorities. The Agency will (1) concentrate
on developing a long-term research strategy; (2) strengthen our management of, and
the role of, the Centers to assure that they are meeting our needs. The Agency
feels that it must clearly tie both the Grants and the Centers programs to a long-
range strategy in order for the programs to be effective. In the future, we want
to assure that both of these programs are clearly connected to a long-term strategy.
In 1985, the Agency will use the Grants program to support research that will
advance the state-of-the-art in critical areas identified in the long-range stra-
tegy.
The Agency will institute changes to the management of the Research Centers
based on the results of the 1984 evaluations of the Centers. Additionally, the
Agency will conduct a comprehensive review of the four centers which are completing
their first fi ve years of operation. For all of the Centers, the program will em-
phasize increased interaction with ORD laboratories and the Agency program offices
and dissemination of the results of research initiated during 1982^1984. The
eight centers and their principal research areas are:
(1) Industrial Waste Elimination Center (Illinois Institute of Technology and
the University of Notre Dame) conducts research on innovative/cost-effective
process modifications to reduce industrial pollutants.
(2) Intermedia Transport Center (University of California at Los Angeles) is
working on the definition of chemical/physical processes governing pollutant
exchange at air-land and air-water boundaries.
(3) Ecosystem Center (Cornell University) is identifying and applying ecosystem
principles to environmental management problems.
(4) Marine Center (University of Rhode Island) is conducting research on
measurement and assessment of marine ecosystem health, emphasizing exposure
of marine organisms to toxics.
(5) Advanced Control Technology Center (University of Illinois, Urbana) con-
duct T7eTelrTh~TirThT~aTeliFoF~separ at ion technology, thermal destruction,
biological separation, and chemical detoxification.
(6) Groundwater Centej- (a consortium of the University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma
StateUniversity, and Rice University) conducts research on subsurface
characterization, transport and fate, and groundwater horizon modeling.
1-14
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(7) Epidemiology Center (University of Pittsburg) conducts research on basic
epidemiology methods and airborne parti culate health effects.
(8) Hazardous Waste Center (Louisiana State University) conducts research on
the design, construction, maintenance, operation, and closure of hazardous
waste landfil Is.
The minority institutions, small business innovation, and national environmen-
tal workforce programs are the responsibility of this program. They will continue
at the same level of effort in 1985 as in 1984.
Manage/Implement the Scientific Forecasting and Trends Program. During 1985,
thi s program wi 11 complete a comprehensive survey of Agency needs for biological
monitoring. This information will be used to conduct a workshop to examine the
feasibility of establishing a national bi (monitoring system. Projects will also
be completed summarizing Mussel Watch data obtained through 1983 and progress of
the National Specimen Bank.
Manage/Implement the Visiting Scientists Program. Resources for the Visiting
Scientists Program will be increased in 1985 to allow additional scientists to work
at EPA laboratories. This program will be coordinated with the Environmental Studies
Board of the National Academy of Sciences. It is expected that this influx of new
talent and ideas will have a significant impact on the research program in 1985
and subsequent years.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $16,953,600 and 10.0 total work-
years to this program, of which $441,300 is under the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $16,512,300 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
Manage/Implement the Exploratory Research Grants and Centers Program. The
program will complete a long range research strategy early in 1984 which will pro-
vide the focus for the program in 1985. The Centers program continues to provide
coordination of the Agency's eight Exploratory Research Centers. Activities in-
clude promoting increased Agency involvement in Center program planning, insuring
appropriate interaction among Centers, and communicating results. The main Center
program activities in 1984 include completing a reassessment of Agency priorities
for the Centers and a review of three centers completing their fifth year of re-
search.
The minority institutions research support program which promotes the parti-
cipation of minority institutions in the grants program, and the national environ-
mental workforce program which provides support to the Agency through the senior
environmental employment program and other programs in support of state environ-
mental workforce needs will continue to be managed.
Manage/Implement the Scientific Forecasting and Trends Program. Thi s new
program area for 1984 is involved in the development of biomonitoring techniques
including the Mussel Watch and the National Specimen Bank programs. The major pro-
jects are a survey of Agency needs for biological monitoriTig programs and coordin-
ation of Mussel Watch with the National Atmospheric and Oceanographic Administra-
tion. /
Manage/Implement the Visiting Scientists Program. In 1984, we wi 11 initiate
a program to bring distinguished senior scientists into ORD 1 aboratori es to assi st
the Agency in strengthening its science policy and research program. The purpose
of the program is to bring creative new ideas to our research program through a
resident fellowship program.
1-15
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$138,400 results from the following action:
-Reprogrammiing. (+$138,400) A reprogrammi ng was made to this activity which
was not report able under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$138,400 to the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $6,506,100 and 29.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,595,900 was for Salaries and Expenses and $4,910,200
was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropriation.
Manage/Implement the Exploratory Research Grants and Centers Program. In
1983, the Agency continued its management of the Exploratory Grants program. A
formal solicitation for grants was issued. Proposals were reviewed and funded
based on scientific merit and relevance to Agency objectives. A series of seminars
was conducted where grantees presented their project results to peers, Agency
specialists, and interested public.
Based on policy and procedures guidelines, management improvements were in-
stituted for both the Grants and the Centers programs. Preliminary guidelines were
developed to conduct the Agency review of center themes and evaluate the Centers
completing five years of operation.
QUALITY ASSURANCE MANAGEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,224,800 supported by 13.6 total workyears for
this program, of which $724,800 is for Salaries and Expenses and $500,000 is for
Research and Development. This reflects increases of $164,400 and $336,500 in
Salaries and Expenses and Research and Development, respectively. These increases
are needed to develop and implement the policy and technical guidance required for
an effective and efficient Agencywide quality assurance program.
Manage the Agencywide Mandatory Quality Assurance (QA) Program. In 1985,
through both i n-house activities and extramural support, this program will:
establish needed Agencywide QA policy; identify QA program requirements for 42
implementing offices; conduct audits of data sets to determine whether data being
produced or used are of known quality; coordinate the development of Agencywide
and program-specific QA technical requirements; prepare reports to the Adminis-
trator on the quality of EPA data and the status of QA implementation.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $723,900 and 13.6 total workyears
to this program, of which $560,400 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $163,500 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropri ation.
Manage the Agencywide Mandatory Quality Assurance (QA) Program. In 1984,
EPA is continuing its efforts towards full implementation of a quality assurance
program that will ensure generation of data of known quality in all EPA data col-
lection activities under a management consolidation in this new program element.
Initiatives will include the publication of the following reports: QA Implementation
Plan and Management Strategy, Data Quality Audit Protocol, Calculation of Data
Quality Indicators - Revision #2, Quality Assurance Workload Model, Annual QA
Report to the Administrator, and specific technical guidelines on laboratory
analyses.
1-16
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$393,200 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (+$393,200) Several reprogrammings were made to this activi-
ty which were not report able under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations.
These changes resulted in a net increase of +$229,700 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and a net increase of +$163,500 to the Research and Development
appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
This activity did not exist as a separate program element in 1983.
1-17
-------
Abatement and
Control
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
INTERDISCIPLINARY 1-1
ABATEMENT 8 CONTROL
NEPA Compliance & Federal Agencies Compliance 1-19
NEPA Compl i ance 1-21
Federal Agencies Compliance 1-22
Accelerated Review and Permitting 1-23
Interdisciplinary Training Grants 1-26
1-18
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
NEPA Compliance and Federal Agencies Compliance
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
NEPA Compliance
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
Federal Agencies
Compliance
Salaries 4 Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
NEPA Compliance and TOTAL
Federal Agencies
Compliance
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
NEPA Compliance
Federal Agencies
$2,624.9
$8,033.4
$10,658.3
$1,706.8
$1,706.8
$4,331.7
$8,033.4
$12,365.1
71.9
43.5
(DOLLARS
$3,090.7
$6,563.9
$9,654.6
$1,881.5
$1,881.5
$4,972.2
$6,563.9
$11,536.1
69.7
46.8
IN THOUSANDS)
$3,019.9
$6,563.9
$9,583.8
$1,982.2
$1,982.2
$5,002.1
$6,563.9
$11,566.0
69.7
46.8
$2,746.3
$6,563.9
$9,310.2
$1,956.4
$1,956.4
$4,702.7
$6,563.9
$11,266.6
69.7
46.8
$2,915.7
$6,353.9
$9,269.6
$2,227.7
$2,227.7
$5,143.4
$6,353.9
$11,497.3
69.7
51.8
$169.4
-$210.0
-$40.6
$271.3
$271.3
$440.7
-$210.0
$230.7
5.0
Compliance
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 115.4 116.5 116.5 116.5 121.5 5.0
-------
INTERDISCIPLINARY
NEPA Compliance and Federal Agencies Compliance
TOTAL
V'ORKYEARS
NEPA Compliance
Federal Agencies
ACTUAL
1983
74.5
43.9
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
(DOLLARS
72.2
48.0
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL
ESTIMATE REQUEST
1984 1984
IN THOUSANDS)
72.2 72.2
48.0 48.0
ESTIMATE
1985
72.
53.
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
2
0 5.0
Compliance
TOTAL HORKYEARS 118.4 120.2 120.2 120.2 125.2 5.0
ro
o
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
NEPA Compliance and Federal Agencies Compliance
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $11,497,300 supported by 125.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $5,143,400 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $6,353,900 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an increase of $230,700 and 5.0 workyears from 1984 levels.
Program Description
This sub-activity includes two programs: (1) Federal Agencies Compliance,
under which the actions of Federal agencies are reviewed to assure that they carry
out their activities in an environmentally sound manner; and (2) NEPA Compliance,
under which environmental assessments and Environmental Impact Statements (EISs)
are prepared for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits for new
sources and for Federally funded municipal wastewater treatment projects.
NEPA Compliance ~ This program element contains resources for: (1) prepar-
ing EPA Environmental Impact Statements or, alternatively, determining Findings of
No Significant Impact on National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System new source
permits and municipal wastewater treatment grant actions to assure that new facili-
ties with Federal involvement comply with Section 511(c) of the Clean Water Act
and NEPA; (2) conducting generic studies which directly support and increase the
efficiency of meeting site-specific NEPA requirements; and (3) supporting a cooper-
ating agency role for EPA in providing inter-media information to assist in the
preparation of EISs by other Federal agencies.
Federal Agencies Compliance -- Under the mandates of the National Environ-
mental Policy Act, Section 309 of the Clean Air Act, and Executive Order 12088
(Federal Compliance with Pollution Control Standards), activities for this program
element include review and comment on EISs and on the environmental impact of any
major legislation, regulations or other actions proposed by other Federal agencies.
In addition, under Executive Order 12088 and OMB Circular A-106, resources in this
program assist Federal agencies in: (1) identifying facilities needing pollution
control mechanisms; (2) determining the most cost-effective control; (3) developing
fiscal plans for installing needed abatement control technology; and (4) resolving
disputes surrounding facilities which are out of compliance.
NEPA COMPLIANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,269,600 supported by 72.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,915,700 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $6,353,900 is for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $40,600 and no workyears from 1984 levels. The de-
crease reflects cost-savings from increased use of generic EISs. In 1985, in-
creased effort will be directed toward generic studies to support NEPA requirements
and toward developing a cooperating agency role to provide advice and assistance
to other Federal agencies on their EISs and other projects of environmental con-
cern.
1984 Program
In 1984,. the Agency is allocating a total of $9,310,200 and 72.2 total work-
years to this program, of which $2,746,300 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $6,563,900 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
1-21
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In 1984, the program is significantly increasing emphasis on generic studies and
assessments (both area-wide and project types) while continuing necessary work on
site-specific assessments and EISs. Approximately 49 EISs will be prepared.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$273,600 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$273,600) A reprogramming was made moving all non-program
specific "support" type expense dollars into the Regional support program element.
This reprogramming to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$273,600, was included
in a reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $10,658,300 and 74.5 total workyears
for this program, of which $2,624,900 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $8,033,400 was for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
In 1983, EPA prepared 40 EISs.
FEDERAL AGENCIES COMPLIANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,227,700 supported by 53.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $271,300 and 5.0 workyears from 1984 levels. In-
creased resources will enable the Agency to place additional emphasis on advice
to Federal agencies on control methods and requirements, compliance monitoring,
and dispute resolution under Executive Order 12088. In addition, this program
expects to review and comment on other Federal agencies' draft and final EISs, as
well as other agency actions requiring compliance with environmental laws and
regulations. ' ' ~ ~ ~~
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,956,400 and 48.0 total work-
years to this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
EPA will continue to identify and resolve environmental- concerns at an early stage
in other agencies' project development processes. The program expects to review
over 800 draft and final EISs. In addition, the Agency will be developing updated
program guidance both for environmental review of other agency actions and for
increased emphasis on Federal facilities compliance with environmental laws and
regulations.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$25,800 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$25,800) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$300 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$25,500, was included in a reprogramming letter
to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,706,800 and 43.9 total workyears
to this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The program placed emphasis on identifying and resolving environmental concerns at
an early stage in the project development process, including review and comment on
over 800 draft and final Environmental Impact Statements.
1-22
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Accelerated Review & Permitting
ACTUAL BUDGET
1983 ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Accelerated Review &
Permitting
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$1,289.9
$1,743.2
TOTAL $3,033.1
ro
CO
TOTAL:
Salaries 4 Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$1,289.9
$1,743.2
Accelerated Review 8 TOTAL $3,033.1
Permitting
PERMANENT WORK YEARS
Accelerated Review &
Permitting
28.1
TOTAL PERMANENT MORKYEARS
28.1
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Accelerated Review & Permitting
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Accelerated Review « 37.8
Permitting
TOTAL WORKYEARS 37.8
I
ro
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Accelerated Review and Permitting
Budget Request
The Agency requests no resources for this activity in 1985.
Program Description
This program contained the resources for the Accelerated Review and Permitting
program. It expedited development of energy-related and other important projects
in an environmentally sound manner. It augmented the resources of EPA's permitting,
Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) review, and EIS preparation programs.
ACCELERATED REVIEW AND PERMITTING
1985 Program Request
The Agency is not requesting funding for this activity in 1985.
1984 Program ;
In 1984, the Agency did not allocate resources to this program because the
anticpated workload for accelerated permitting did not materialize.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,033,100 and 37.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,289,900 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation and $1,743,200 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The program emphasized development of streamlined permit review procedures and
environmental assessment at an early stage in project development.
1-25
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Interdisciplinary Training Grants
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
Interdisciplinary
Training Grants
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$547.5 $415.0 $415.0
$547.5 $415.0 $415.0
-$415.0
-$415.0
TOTAL:
Abatement Control and $547.5
Compliance
Interdisciplinary TOTAL $547.5
Training Grants
$415.0 $415.0
$415.0 $415.0
-$415.0
-$415.0
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Interdisciplinary Training Grants
Budget Request
The Agency requests no resources for this program 1n 1985.
Program Description
This program encourages academic training 1n the environmental sciences by
providing economic support, through fellowships and training grants, to students
who are Interested 1n entering this field.
INTERDISCIPLINARY TRAINING GRANTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests no resources for this program 1n 1985. We feel that the
program has accomplished Its objectives. Many academic Institutions have now es-
tablished environmental science programs; and, the number of students trained in
this discipline has substantially Increased.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $415,000 to this program within
the Office of Research and Development (ORD), all of which 1s under the Abatement,
Control and Compliance appropriation. The program continues to support academic
training through fellowships and training grants.
1983 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $547,500 to this program within ORD,
all of which was under the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The
program funded 20 minority fellowships.
1-27
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Enforcement
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
INTERDISCIPLINARY 1-1
ENFORCEMENT
Enforcement Policy & Technical Support 1-29
Technical Support - Office of Enforcement & Compliance
Monitoring 1-31
Enforcement Policy & Operations 1-33
1-28
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I
r\>
\o
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Enforcement Policy & Technical Support
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
19R4 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Technical Support - Office
of Enforcement 4
Compliance Monitoring
Salaries ft Expenses $3,250.3 $3,041.7 $3,085.9 $3,085.9 $3 162.6 $76 7
Abatement Control and $40.0 $285.5 $685.5 $685.5 $2 015.0 $1 329*5
Compliance '
TOTAL $3,290.3 $3,327.2 $3,771.4 $3.771.4 $5.177.6 $1,406.2
Enforcement Policy A
Operations
Salaries X Expenses $9,326.3 $8,128.7 $9,594.1 $9.544.4 $11.509.8 $1 965.4
Abatement Control and $244.3 $200.0 $200.0 $200.0 $350.0 $150 0
Compliance
TOTAL $9,570.6 $8,328.7 $9,794.1 $9,744.4 $11,859.8 $2.115.4
_. ~~*x.
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses $12,576.6 $11,170.4 $12,680.0 $12,630.3 $14,672.4 $2 042.1
Abatement Control and $284.3 $485.5 $885.5 $885.5 $2.365.0 $1*479.5
Compliance I '
Enforcement Policy « TOTAL $12.860.9 $11,655.9 $13,565.5 $13.515.8 $17.037.4 $3 521.6
Technical Support
-------
OJ
o
INTERDISCIPLINARY
Enforcement Policy & Technical Support
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORK YEARS
Technical Support - Office 54.7 51.0 53.8 53.8
of Enforcement 4
Compliance Monitoring
Enforcement Policy & 198.1 163.4 204.3 204.3
Operations
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 252.8 214.4 258.1 258.1
TOTAL WORKYEARS
66.4 12.6
242.0 37.7
308.4 50.3
Technical Support - Office 65.1 63.4 66.4 66.4
of Enforcement &
Compliance Monitoring
Enforcement Policy & 221.2 176.9 221.9 221.9
Operations
TOTAL WORKYEARS 286.3 240.3 288.3 288.3
66.4
254.5
320.9
32.6
32.6
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INTERDISCIPLINARY
Enforcement Policy and Technical Support
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $17,037,400 supported by-320.9 total workyears
for this subactivity of which $14,672,400 will be for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $2,365,000 will be for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation, an increase of $3,521,600 and 32.6 total workyears. The increase
funds Enforcement Policy and Operations' new compliance monitoring functions and
an increasing level of compliance and enforcement activities.
Program Description
Technical Support - Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring ~ The
National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC),.is the primary source of special-
ized technical support for the Office of Enforcement, and Compliance Monitoring
(OECM) for specific case development activities' for all media. NEIC provides
Headquarters and Regional offices with technical support for litigation development
in nationally managed cases; cases with precedential implications; criminal cases;
cases with multi-regional impacts; cases involving unique technological require-
ments and complexity; and cases which exceed a Region's capability and resources.
The NEIC also plans, develops, and provides technical assistance, information, and
interpretations for civil and criminal case preparations.
Enforcement Policy and Operations This program element comprises the legal
aspects of Agency enforcement programs in alT'non-Superfund media. It is comprised
of a Headquarters component which provides for the development of legal enforcement
policy and procedures as well as a Regional program to provide program and policy
implementation. This entails the direction of legal enforcement activities of
the Agency including the initiation and conduct of civil and criminal litigation as
appropriate. Full legal enforcement-support-services are provided to media compli-
ance programs in accordance with specific media priorities and compliance monitor-
ing activities.
In addition, Enforcement Policy and Operations will be responsible for over-
seeing the Agency's compliance efforts, including establishment of Agencywide cri-
teria for use in the development of media-specific compliance strategies, the
design of management systems, the negotiation of compliance and enforcement commit-
ments, and the overview of the implementation of strategies and program objectives.
Through this program element, OECM conducts cross-media analyses of Agency compli-
ance and enforcement activities, including the conduct of program evaluations. OECM
also acts as a leader in fostering new compliance and enforcement approaches.
TECHNICAL SUPPORT - OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLIANCE MONITORING
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,177,600 supported by 66.4 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,162,600 will be for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $2,015,000 for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation,
representing an increase of $1,406,200 and no change in total workyears. Of this
amount there is an increase of $76,700 in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and an increase of $1,329,500 in the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropria-
tion. The increase reflects increases in personnel and support costs as well as
additional contract funds to support needs of the Agency's legal case preparation
in the form of evidence audit activities.
1-31
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This program comprises the activities of the National Enforcement Investi-
gations Center (NEIC) at Denver, Colorado. The NEIC provides support for the
Agency's enforcement efforts in all media. In 1985, it will respond to Head-
quarters, Regional, and State requests for assistance in instances where special-
ized technical resources are required. In addition, NEIC will manage the new
evidence audit program. Evidence audits will ensure that crucial data and infor-
mation supporting enforcement case development is fully accurate and complete
from both a legal and technical standpoint.
In the air enforcement program, NEIC will support civil litigation activity
resulting from significant violators of the December 31, 1982 Clean Air Act dead-
lines, and of compliance dates contained in existing consent decrees. Support
will also be provided to litigation regarding noncompliance with National Emis-
sions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAPS) and New Source Performance
Standards (NSPS), and standards for volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
In the water program, the NEIC will assist in the evaluation of operations
and maintenance problems preparatory to litigation against significant violators
where complex technological factors require intensive or prolonged evaluation or
where precedents are involved. As resources permit, NEIC will provide technical
support to adjudicatory hearings on National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System and Best Available Technology permits.
The Center's assistance in the hazardous waste program will emphasize case
preparations at the larger or more complex sites where significant violations are
identified through Regional media compliance monitoring. Priority will be given
to case preparations of precedential or deterrent value. Increasingly, these
cases involve highly complex networks of groundwater monitoring wells and highly
sophisticated organic and inorganic analyses of large numbers of samples.
In support of litigation case development in the pesticides enforcement pro-
gram, NEIC will conduct major application misuse investigations exceeding State
and Regional resource capabilities. NEIC's activity in the toxics enforcement
program will involve cases arising-from violations- inreporting, recordkeeping,
storage, handling, testing, and violations of chemical control rules for toxic
substances.
The NEIC will also direct the criminal investigators staff of the Criminal
Enforcement program. This staff conducts preliminary inquiries and investigations
and provides referral and post-referral support. While the NEIC will provide pro-
gram direction and administrative support, the resources will continue to be
carried in Enforcement Policy and Operations. The NEIC management of investiga-
tive staff will provide more effective and efficient support to this field investi-
gation effort and will seek to integrate the activities of the criminal investiga-
tive staff with the priorities and operations of EPA regional offices.
In the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation, $2,015,000 will sup-
port litigation by providing technical and laboratory expertise, evidence audit
activities, and evidence preservation activities.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $3,771,400 and 66.4 total workyears to this
program, of which $3,085,900 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$685,500 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control, and Compliance
appropriation.
In the Stationary and Mobile air programs, case preparation activities and
technical support to enforcement actions against significant violators are provided.
Sample permits and emissions monitoring protocols and requirements are being devel-
oped and testing for violations of National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air
1-32
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Pollutants (NESHAP) is continuing. Tampering and defect surveys are also continu-
ing. In the Water program the NEIC is providing compliance evaluations and perfor-
mance audit inspections, multi-media inspections and evaluations of major publicly
owned treatment works suspected of noncompliance as well as case support. Support
for Section 7003 of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and radio-
logical hazardous waste problems includes technical evaluation, case preparation,
participation in negotiations to consent decrees, and evidence audit, quality
assurance, and case follow-up functions.
Assistance is being provided to conduct pesticide field investigations,
evidence gathering, case preparations, use observations, overview monitoring for
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) Section 18 exemptions,
and technical assistance and training of State pesticide inspectors. Technical
and analytical support continues for case development under the Toxic Substances
Control Act (TSCA), as well as quality assurance, evidence audit, emergency re-
sponse, criminal investigations, and development of TSCA procedures for inclusion
in multi-media inspection doctrines.
Also during 1984, the NEIC is providing direction, management, and adminis-
trative support for the criminal investigation program although the investigator
resources are contained in Enforcement Policy and Operations.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983 the Agency obligated $3,290,300 and 65.1 total workyears for this
program, of which $3,250,300 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$40,000 was for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
This program provided technical consultation and assistance in case prepara-
tion by performing background, reconnaissance, andfile review; field investiga-
tions; laboratory analysis; data evaluation; report preparation; permit writing
expertise; technical testimony; and negotiation of technical aspects of consent
decrees. Specialized technical assistance was provided to State and regional case
development efforts in preparation and analysis of high hazard samples.
ENFORCEMENT POLICY AND OPERATIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $11,859,800 supported by 254.5 total workyears for this
program of which $11,509,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$350,000 is for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation. This repre-
sents an increase of $2,115,400 and 32.6 total workyears. Of this amount,
$1,965, 400 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $150,000 is for the
Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation. The increases reflect a new
compliance monitoring function in Headquarters, as well as legal support for all
media for projected administrative enforcement activities and the anticipated
civil and criminal litigation caseload.
This program's goal is to respond to instances of non-compliance in a consis-
tent, timely, and effective fashion. In 1985, Headquarters will be responsible
for direction and oversight of the Agency's national compliance and enforcement
efforts for all media, and for design and implementation of mangement systems that
will assure the success of these key functions. To this end, OECM will manage
the Agencywide strategic planning process for national compliance and enforcement
programs; participate in and conduct special in-depth analyses of enforcement
1-33
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Issues; promote multi-media approaches as appropriate; conduct in-depth program
evaluations and cross-media analyses; exercise leadership in identifying and trans-
mitting, within the Agency, information on successful approaches to achieving com-
pliance across media; develop new initiatives and policies to promote improved com-
pliance monitoring and enforcement programs; and provide analytical support to
assure the quality of Agency compliance monitoring data. Analytic responsibili-
ties will include assessment of resource needs and resource utilization for Agency-
wide compliance and enforcement activities for all media.
Efforts will also include a centralized criminal investigations program under
the direction of the National Enforcement Investigations Center (NEIC) at Denver,
Colorado that includes preliminary inquiries, investigations, referrals and post-
referral support. Enforcement policy and case support for the criminal program
continues to be a Headquarters function. This responsibility is carried out in
conjunction with the Department of Justice.
Regional enforcement operations will include legal review of administrative
orders and notices of violation or noncompliance; provision of trial counsel to
support administrative proceedings; and preparation and management of civil and
criminal litigation. All of these efforts, supported by an automated docket and
consent decree tracking system, are designed to achieve compliance by using the
full array of enforcement responses including civil and criminal litigation. In
1985, efforts will focus on providing legal support to Agency efforts to bring
significant violators into compliance.
In the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation, $350,000 is requested
for Headquarters to obtain expert witnesses for litigation and for development of
enforcement manuals and guidance materials.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $9,744,400 and 221.9 total workyears to
this program, of which $9,544,400 is for .the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $200,000 is for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
In 1984 efforts are being made to improve the overall quality, consistency,
and timeliness of Agency response to problems of noncompliance by implementing
at Headquarters a new compliance monitoring role to provide leadership, analysis,
and oversight of Agency and State compliance and enforcement activities. Manage-
ment systems are being developed to foster accountability and consistency in Agency
enforcement actions throughout the country. A prime management goal is to assure
prompt resolution of identified cases of noncompliance by significant violators.
Policies and procedures are reviewed as necessary to achieve this goal and to
assure certainty and predictability of Agency enforcement responses. Automated
docket and tracking systems aid in managing the enforcement activities of the
Agency.
The Regional legal resources allocated for 1984 are being used to help select
appropriate enforcement responses to instances of noncompliance that are identi-
fied in various State, local, and source reports, or through inspections or com-
plaints. Legal personnel in the Regions initiate and provide trial counsel for
administrative hearings under the various statutes. Throughout the enforcement
process, legal personnel participate in or lead negotiations with sources to assure
resolution of compliance problems that are consistent with statutory requirements
and national enforcement policy. Resources provide for the legal review of and
concurrence on certain administrative notices and enforcement orders and proposed
administrative penalties. Regional resources are also used for the development,
initiation, and conduct of civil and criminal litigation for all media.
1-34
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$49,700 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$49,700) Several reprogrammings were made to this acti-
vity which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$49,700 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments ',
In 1983, the Agency obligated $9,579,600 and 221.2 total workyears for this
program, of which $9,326,300 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$244,300 was for the Abatement, Control, and Compliance appropriation.
In 1983, this program emphasized the resolution of problems of noncompliance
through the review of administrative actions and the referral of 92 civil actions
and 17 criminal actions to DOJ. Legal support was provided to the active docket
of 210 civil cases and 28 criminal cases. The Headquarters component also parti-
cipated in the Agency's regulation development process and provided legal enforce-
ment counsel to media program offices.
1-35
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
TOXIC SUBSTANCES TS-1
RESEARCH 8 DEVELOPMENT
Chemical Testing & Assessment TS-9
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Toxic Substances Strategies TS-27
Toxi cs Integrati on TS-30
Cheni cal Testing TS-32
Existing Chemical Review TS-35
New Chemical Review TS-38
ENFORCEMENT
Toxi c Substances Enforcement TS-43
Toxic Substances Enforcement TS-45
Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants TS-48
TS-1
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TOXIC SUBSTANCES
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT
1983 ESTIMATE 1984
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries 8 Expenses
Abatenent Control and
Compliance
Research & Development
TOTAL, Toxic Substances
$33,306.5 $32,900.5 $33,780.1 $33,541.3
$22,506.4 $21,970.3 $23,032.8 $23,032.8
$14,166.2 $11,804.9 $12,304.9 $12,275.4
$69,979.1 $66,675.7 $69,117.8 $68,849.5
$38,327.1
$26,850.2
$4,785.8
$3,817.4
$14,464.8 $2,189.4
$79,642.1 $10,792.6
i
ro
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
618.8 606.2 634.6 632.6 740.0 107.4
712.1 683.2 717.0 716.0 799.5 83.5
$79,797.0 $71,368.0 $67,349.6 $67,481.6 $74,896.6 $7,415.0
Authorization In the amount of $62,000,000 for 1983 for the Toxic Substances
Control Act expired September 30, 1983. Reauthorizatlon pending.
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), enacted in 1976, confers to the
Environmental Protection Agency the authority and responsibility to protect human
health and the environment by requiring testing and necessary use restrictions on
certain chemical substances. The Agency's mandate under TSCA is designed to encom-
pass gaps in existing public health and environmental laws. In addition, the
Agency's jurisdiction under TSCA extends to cover over 60,000 industrial chemicals
currently in use in the United States, in an almost unlimited number of products.
Most of these products entered the marketplace before the statute was enacted, and
EPA is tasked with reviewing these existing chemicals to ensure that their uses
pose no unreasonable risks. At the same time, the Agency is also responsible for
conducting reviews of all new chemicals before they enter the marketplace.
In 1985, the Toxic Substances program strategy emphasizes programs aimed (1)
at protecting the quality of the environment, (2) preventing future problems, and
(3) addressing emerging or overlooked problems. Under TSCA, EPA is authorized to
evaluate the health and environmental effects of existing chemicals, by requiring
testing and reporting. The Agency can also control unreasonable risks of existing
chemicals through regulatory actions. TSCA addresses future problems by giving
EPA the authority to evaluate new chemicals before commercialization. TSCA is
also the front end of the toxic waste disposal program and can prevent potential
problems by dealing with problematic chemicals early in their life cycle.
Because TSCA confers very broad authorities, coordination among EPA programs
and with other Federal agenciesis essential and is mandated by the Act itself.
In 1985, the Toxic Substances program strategy emphasizes several management goals
aimed at improving TSCA operations. The first of these goals is to ensure the
integrity of data used in TSCA regulatory processes across all programs. To
maintain data integrity, we will work with national and international organizations
to ensure the use of acceptable testing procedures, we will publish and update
test guidelines, as well as good laboratory practices, and we will conduct audits
of facilities and studies where data are being produced as a result of TSCA action.
The second goal is to improve the balance between the diverse programs
authorized by TSCA. The 1985 program will be more responsive to both the new and
the existing authorities of TSCA without impeding our ability to meet statutory
deadlines. TSCA establishes a statutory response time for the review of new
chemicals.
The third goal addresses the need for flexibility in our approach to solving
chemical problems. TSCA gives EPA various options for controlling risks attributed
to toxic substances. In order to resolve identified problems quickly and effec-
tively, several strategies will be pursued in 1985: close coordination within EPA
and with other regulatory programs where responsibilities overlap, early publication
of advance notices of proposed rulemaking before the details of various regulatory
approaches are completely worked out, and the use of non-regulatory mechanisms,
such as chemical advisories, to bring problems to-the public's attention. We will
use a negotiated approach to rulemaking to solve exposure problems or obtain infor-
mation when this approach can achieve the same public protection more quickly than
formal rulemaking.
A final management goal is to improve compliance with TSCA actions. Recently,
certain industrial sectors have demonstrated unacceptable rates of compliance
with toxic substance regulations, particularly polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
and asbestos. Improved compliance will be emphasized in 1985, through State
involvement as well as Federal resources.
TS-3
-------
TOXICS INTEGRATION
The Toxics Integration program has been realigned to reflect the Agency's
interest in intermedia chemical problems. An Agencywide process will be imple-
mented which will allow the Agency to identify and address chemical issues of
concern and to ensure consistent and rapid attention is given these problems. EPA
will also develop strategies on chemicals of special interest to both the Toxic
Substances program and other Agency programs which address cross-media issues and
identify cost-effective control mechanisms. An information sharing program among
EPA offices and among Federal and State programs will be implemented in 1985,
enabling the interchange of chemical data and technical expertise on unique toxic
problems. :
EXISTING CHEMICALS
The 1985 program reflects a new emphasis on the evaluation and control of
risks from existing chemicals. This new emphasis is also a necessary result of
the existing chemicals process initially implemented in 1983, which has enabled
the Agency to deal more effectively with existing chemical concerns. As a result
of this recently implemented process, in 1985 EPA will be in some stage of rulemak-
ing on eight existing chemicals previously identified as in some way problematic.
Once a problem has been identified, the Agency is responsible for following through
with appropriate and expeditious risk reduction action. The Agency will also use
TSCA to address remaining gaps in control of existing chemicals. For example, EPA
is currently pursuing the use of TSCA authorities to solve the health and environ-
mental problems caused by leaking underground gasoline and chemical storage tanks.
The 1985 existing chemicals program also recognizes that the Agency must be
responsive to the increased amount of test data now being produced. Many testing
programs are now producing toxicity data that must be assessed and acted upon when
appropriate.
NEW CHEMICALS
The Agency expects to receive _1,650 new chemical notices in 1985. We will
continue to place a high priority on subjecting all new" chemicals to a meaningful
review, taking action to control risks where necessary, and protecting society
from risks after commercialization through a strong follpwup program. The 1985
new chemical program has been expanded to cover new genetically engineered organ-
isms which are not covered under other Federal regulations. Significant risks may
be associated with some uses of these substances, which present very different
health and environmental concerns than do industrial chemicals. Coverage of
these substances under TSCA, which gives EPA authority to evaluate and control
chemicals before they are marketed, provides the best protection to health and the
environment. It also demonstrates the "gap filling" concept Congress envisioned
when TSCA was passed in 1976.
CHEMICAL TESTING
In 1985, the testing program will no longer be under the intense pressure of
responding to both court-ordered deadlines on the backlogs. Because our court-
ordered deadlines will have been met, the emphasis will be on finalizing testing
actions taken in previous years and on responding to the Interagency Testing Com-
mittee's designations within the statutory timeframe. This will ensure that test-
ing required by proposed rules is initiated more quickly. In 1985, additional
emphasis will also be placed on test data integrity. Each year the number of test
studies initiated under the Section 4 program increases, and it is critical that
EPA take an aggressive role in ensuring these data are of high quality and suitable
for regulatory purposes.
TS-4
-------
ENFORCEMENT
The major objectives of the toxic substances compliance and enforcement pro-
gram in 1985 are to improve rates of compliance with toxic substances control
regulations and to maintain the toxic substances cooperative enforcement agreement
program, which was resumed in 1984.
To accommodate these objectives, workyear resources will be increased signifi-
cantly in 1985. The bulk of the increase will be used to conduct additional PCB
inspections, since PCB rule violation rates have been higher than anticipated.
The number of Section 4, 5, and 8 inspections will be increased, as will the
a,sbestos-in-schools enforcement program. :
i
The program of toxic substances cooperative enforcement agreements provides
financial assistance to selected States 'to develop and operate toxic substances
^compliance monitoring programs, in cooperation with EPA, especially in the area
of control of existing chemicals. In 1985, this cooperative program, which permits
wider coverage of the regulated community without requiring additional Federal
personnel, will be continued at the 1984 level.
/
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT . 1
The toxic substances research program provides the scientific basis necessary
to implement TSCA through a combination of health, engineering, monitoring of en-
vironmental processes, and risk assessment activities. Scientific data and methods
developed through these efforts enable the Agency, through TSCA actions, to protect
human health and the environment from unreasonable risk while minimizing the impact
on industry. ,
In 1985, the program will continue .to develop, evaluate, and validate test
methods for inclusion in TSCA test guidelines. Additionally, new efforts in bio-
technology, environmental engineering, and structure-activity assessment will pro-
vide necessary information to support the New Chemical Review program.
TS-5
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Program Activities
TOXICS INTEGRATION
Intermedia Priority Pollutants
Documents Produced
Multi-media Chemical Strategies
Completed
Actual
1983
Amendment/ Increase +
Budget Current Decrease -
Estimate Estimate Estimate 1985 vs
1984 1984 1985 1984
CHEMICAL TESTING
Decisions not to Test/Proposed
Negotiated Agreements/ANPR or
Proposed Rules (ITC & Non-ITC)... 23
Final Test Rules/Negotiated
Agreements 4
Test Guidelines Published 6
Test Study Audits 93
EXISTING CHEMICAL REVIEW
Substantial Risk Notices
Reviewed 35
Test Data Studies/NTP Data
Recei ved 226
Negotiated Rulemaking/Chemical
Advisories 0
ANPR/Proposed §6 Rules 2
Final §6 Rules 4
SNUR/§8 Rules Proposed/Final 10
PCB Disposal Permits Reviewed 2
Exemption Requests (Section 6)
Revi ewed 1
NEW CHEMICAL REVIEW
PMN Notices Processed 1301
PMN Risk Assessments 120
PMN Notice Withdrawals/Negotiated
Agreements/§5(e)/(f) Orders 179
§ 5(h)(4) Exemption Rules Proposed/
Fi nal 0
SNUR/§8 Rules Proposed/Final
(No. of Chemicals) 5
Biotechnical PMNs *
28
6
12.
1251
50
200
5
2
6
40
60
660
60
40
3
5
*
30
10
10
130
50
225
1
4
3
8
13
172
1450
150
100
3
20
0
17
20
5
200
50
330
4
6
4
12
15
150
1650
180
120
0
30
10
-13
+10
-5
+70
+105
+3
+2
+1
+4
+2
-22
+200
+30
+20
-3
+10
+10
* New budget category for 1984.
TS-6
-------
Program Activities
TOXICS ENFORCEMENT
Actual
1983
Laboratory Inspections 13
Inspections under § 5 126
Inspections under § 6
PCB i nspecti ons 16332
Asbestos inspections 207
Other inspections 74
Inspections under § 8 83
Inspections under § 12 8
Inspections under § 13 0
Amendment/
Budget 'Current
Estimate Estimate
1984 1984
171
295
735
125
100
175
15
700
40
241
10722
8143
86
147
14
581
Estimate
1985
50
320
19002
15253
60
340
15
700
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs
1984
+10
+79
+828
+711
-26
+193
+1
+119
^Original "Budget Estimate" of 125 included both laboratory inspections and
data audits.
2Includes State inspections: 400 in 1983, 450 in 1984 and 1985.
^Includes 700 asbestos-in-schools inspections in 1984 and 1,400 asbestos-in-
schools inspections in 1985 performed using extramural funds.
TS-7
-------
Research and
Development
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
TOXIC SUBSTANCES TS-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Chemical Testing & Assessment TS-9
TS-8
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing & Assessment
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
in
10
Scientific Assessment
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Monitoring Systems 8
Quality Assurance
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
8 Technology
Salaries 8 Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
$102.1
$319.9
$422.0
$1,634.9
$3,580.8
$5,215.7
$4,206.4
$3,707.8
$7,914.2
$359.5
$197.4
$556.9
$170.3
$75.0
$245.3
$1,716.0
$2,856.1
$4,572.1
$3,657.2
$6,191.4
$9,848.6
$170.3
$75.0
$245.3
$1,716.0
$2,856.1
$4,572.1
$3,857.2
$6,691.4
$10,548.6
$267.1
$267.1
$170.3
$75.0
$245.3
$1,705.0
$2,856.1
$4,561.1
$3,857.2
$6,662.9
$10,520.1
$197.1
$197.1
$225.3
$51.0
$276.3
$1,872.9
$3,726.1
$5,599.0
$3,813.0
$7,022.0
$10,835.0
$478.0
$200.0
$678.0
$55.0
-$24.0
$31.0
$167.9
$870.0
$1,037.9
-$44.2
$359.1
$314.9
$280.9
$200.0
$480.9
-------
CO
I
o
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing 4 Assessment
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Environmental Processes
4 Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research 4 Development
TOTAL
Stratospheric
Modification
Salaries & Expenses
Research 4 Development
TOTAL
National Center For
Toxlcologlcal Research
Research & Development
TOTAL
$6,254.0
$3,564.0
$9,818.0
$75.9
$736.7
$812.6
$2,059.6
$2,059.6
$6,288.3
$1,940.0
$8,228.3
$132.7
$742.4
$875.1
$6,088.3
$1,940.0
$8,028.3
$132.7
$742.4
$875.1
$6,088.3
$1,940.0
$8,028.3
$132.7
$741.4
$874.1
$6,114.1
$2,723.3
$8,837.4
$135.1
$742.4
$877.5
$25.8
$783.3
$809.1
$2.4
$1.0
$3.4
TOTAL:
Salaries 4 Expenses
Research 4 Development
Chemical Testing 4
Assessment
$12,632.8 $11,964.5 $12,231.6 $12,150.6
$14,166.2 $11,804.9 $12,304.9 $12,275.4
TOTAL $26,799.0 $23,769.4 $24,536.5 $24,426.0
$12,638.4
$14,464.8
$487.8
$2,189.4
$27,103.2 $2,677.2
-------
TOXIC SUBSTAMCES
Chemical Testing & Assessment
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Stratospheric
Modification
(DOLLARS IN
1.5 2.5
23.8 23.2
47.0 49.1
6.7
87.4 68.5
2.0 1.8
THOUSANDS)
2.5
23.2
52.7
8.0
67.7
1.8
2.5
23.2
52.7
6.0
67.7
1.8
3.0
24.1
54.1
8.0
86.1
1.8
. .5
.9
1.4
2.0
18.4
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
168.4 145.1
155.9 153.9
177.1
23.2
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing & Assessment
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Stratospheric
Modification
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(
1.9
27.1
53.9
7.7
103. 5>-
2.0
196.1
DOLLARS IN
4.0
27.1
55.1
87.2
1.8
175.2
THOUSANDS)
4.0
27.1
59.1
8.0
90.9
1.8
190.9
4.0
27.1
59.1
6.0
90.9
1.8
188.9
4.0
27.1
59.1
8.0
93.3
1.8
193.3
2.0
2.4
4.4
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing and Assessment
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Major Out put/Mi lest ones 1983 1984 1985
Develop and Validate Test Methods
- Provide a testing protocol for rapid 10/86 10/86 10/86
assessment of reproductive damage
(Health)
- Provide testing protocols to screen 9/86 9/86 9/86
and evaluate chemicals for immuno-
toxic effects (Health)
- Provide reports on comparison of 10/85 10/85 10/85
hazard rankings of chemicals based
on model ecosystems and single
species effects (Environmental
Processes)
- Provide report on improved system- 12/86 12/86 12/86
level process tests to indicate
potential effects of chemicals
in freshwater (Environmental
Processes)
- Provide report on laboratory-to-field 6/85 6/85 6/85
extrapolation of toxic stress on
estuarine macrobenthic communities
(Environmental Processes)
Develop and Validate Methods to
Predict and Monitor Exposure
- Complete final report on Phase II 3/85 3/85 3/85
of TEAM study of exposure to toxic
organics in three cities
(Monitori ng)
- Develop a cancer test battery for 9/87 9/87 9/87
human risk estimation (Health)
- Provide report on exposure 4/85 4/85 4/85
assessment in estuarine systems
(Environmental Processes)
TS-13
-------
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Major Output/Milestones 1983 1984 1985
- Provide report on biodegradation 4/85 4/85 4/85
predictions from microcosm
screening and eco-core systems
(Environmental Processes)
- Provide report on atmospheric 5/85 5/85 5/85
pollutant field tracer
(Environmental Processes)
Develop and Validate Risk Assessment
Methods
- Provide improved mathematical models 10/84 10/84 10/84
of pollutant deposition in the lung
(Health)
Perform Engi neeri ng and Sci enti fie
Evaluations and Assessments
- Submit draft exposure guidelines 9/83
to SAB (Scientific Assessment)
- Complete draft of biomonitori ng 12/84 12/84 12/84
guidelines (Scientific Assessment)
- Provide workshop report on bi ode- 6/84 6/84
gradation of toxic chemicals
(Environmental Processes)
Develop Predictive Techniques in Support ~ - -
of Premanufacture Notice Reviews
- Provide a combined data management 9/86 9/86 9/86
system for genotoxic chemicals
(Health)
- Provide report on a comprehensive 9/85 9/85 9/85
structure-toxicity method to
estimate toxicity of chemicals
to aquatic organi sms
(Environmental Processes)
- Provide report on the chemicals 9/84 9/85
release and exposure from unit
operations and unit processes
(Environmental Engineering)
- Report on the treatability of 9/84 9/85
azo dyes (Env. Engineering)
Evaluation of Environmental Control
Measures for Existing Chemicals
- Provide report on the causes, controls 12/84 12/85
and detection of leaks in underground
storage tanks (Env. Engineering)
TS-14
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Chemical Testing and Assessment
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $27,103,200 supported by 193.3 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $2,677,200 and 4.4 total workyears from 1984. Included
in this is $12,638,400 for Salaries and Expenses and $14,464,800 for Research and
Development, with an increase of $487,800 and $2,189,400 respectively. The major
increases occur in the development of exposure monitoring methods, quality assurance
and in the initiation of methodologies for evaluating environmental risks associated
with bi oengi neered organisms.
Program Description
The Chemical Testing and Assessment research and development program supports
the Office of Toxic Substances (OTS) by providing the scientific tools to implement
the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). The major needs and objectives of EPA's
toxic substances research efforts which support TSCA activities are as follows:
Objective 1. Develop and Validate Test Methods That Identify and Assess
Health and Environmental Hazards of Chemicals Under TSCA.The purpose of this
objective is to develop and validate environmental and human health effects tests.
OTS publishes test guidance to assure that industry test data will adequately
identify and assess potential environmental and health hazards due to exposure
from chemicals.
Objective 2. Develop and Validate Methods to Predict and Monitor Human and
Environmental Exposure to Chemicals Under TSCA.The research identifies major
transport and transformation processes and develops validated models and monitoring
methods and data bases so that the Agency can document and estimate human and
environmental exposures to chemicals.
Objective 3. Develop and Validate Improved Risk Assessment Methods for TSCA
Studi"es^ The effort develops health risk assessment methods that are more reliable
and economical than existing methods and develops methods necessary to evaluate
major health effects for which no adequate assessment methods exist.
Objecti ve 4. Perform Engi neeri ng and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments
and Control Quality of Agency Ri sk'Assessments. This objective provides scien-
tific evaluations and assessments to OTS on monitoring and risk assessment problems
and develops defensible methods to estimate the value of adverse health and envi-
ronmental impacts related to the production, use and disposal of chemicals.
Objective 5. Develop Predictive Techniques in Support of Premanufacturi ng and
New Use Revi ews" The purpose of this research is to develop predictive methods
Including structure-activity relationships (SAR) to provide a tool to determine
whether a new chemical poses unreasonable risk or needs additional testing.
Objective 6. Develop Methods and Provide Quality Assurance for TSCA Data and
Analyti cal Acti viti es. Thi s objecti ve supports research toimprove measurement
methods, fi efdmonitori ng systems and associated quality assurance protocols.
Reference banks and audit programs to assess laboratory and field performance are
also maintained to assure the quality of data.
TS-15
-------
Objective?. Evaluation of Environmental Control Measures for Existing
Chemicals. This effort evaluates the release of chemicals in the workplace and to
the environment and assesses measures to limit the release of and exposure to
chemicals.
Objective 8. Assess Stratospheric Modification. The purpose of this effort
is to investigate the health and environmental consequences of lower levels of ozone
and anticipated increased exposure to ultra-violet radiation. The Clean Air Act
Amendments of 1977 require assessment of the environmental and health effects of
stratospheric modification due to changes in the ozone layer.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $276,300 supported by 4.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $225,300 is for Salaries and Expenses and $51,000 is for
Research and Development. This represents an increase of $55,000 in Salaries and
Expenses and a decrease of $24,000 in Research and Development. The overall in-
crease of $31,000 reflects additional efforts to evaluate the use of metabolism
studies for exposure assessment.
Perform Engi neeri ng and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments and Control
Quality of Agency Risk Assessment"?! Methods will be defined to compare metabolism
pathways in test animals and humans. Exposure and risk assessments will continue
to be reviewed and portions of assessments will be conducted where specialized ex-
pertise is required. Assessment methods will be reviewed and modified to address
program specific problems.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $245,300 and 4.0 total workyears
to this program of which $170,300 is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $75,000 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Perform Engi neeri ng and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments and Control
Quality of Agency Risk Assessments! Exposure and risk assessments are being Fe^"
viewed to assure that program specific problems are adequately addressed. Portions
of assessments are being conducted where specialized expertise is required. Expo-
sure and risk assessment methods are being reviewed and modified.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $422,000 for this program, of which
$102,100 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $319,900 was for
extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropriation.
Perform Engineering and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments and Control
Quality of Agency Risk Assessments. Exposure assessment guidelines and handbooks
were revised in accordance with Science Advisory Board review comments. Further
changes in the exposure handbook were recommended by an extramural peer panel. The
guidelines were resubmitted for final disposition to the Science Advisory Board.
TS-16
-------
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,599,000 supported by 27.1 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,872,900 is for Salaries and Expenses and $3,726,100
is for Research and Development. The increases of $167,900 and $870,000, respec-
tively, reflect initiatives in the areas of quality assurance in support of PCB
regulations and methods development for measuring organics, particularly azo dyes.
Develop and Validate Methods to Predict and Monitor Human and Environmental
Exposure to Chemicals Under TSCA.Methods to measure human exposure and food
chain pollutant concentrations will be tested at a field site to be established in
an urban area. Initial design work to establish a World Health Organization Health
Exposure Assessment Laboratory (WHO/HEAL) will begin. Improved statistical tools
to aid in spati al/temporal analysis will continue to be developed. This research
supports OTS in its assessment and regulations of existing chemicals.
Develop Methods and Provide Quality Assurance for TSCA Data and Analytical
Acti viti es. The Agency continues to foster new and improved measurement methods
and quality assurance. Additional resources in this area will be used to adapt
High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and coupled mass spectrometers
(MS/MS) to measure atmospheric organics, particularly azo dyes, a class of chemi-
cals with which there is concern about potential high toxicity. Methods are also
being, developed and evaluated for sampling and analyzing volatile organic compounds
which are currently difficult to isolate.
The increase in the quality assurance (QA) area will be used to initiate a QA
program in support of PCB regulations. Other activities include development of
quality assurance protocols and guidelines for chemical and biological measurements.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,561,100 and 27.1 total work-
years to this program of which $1,705,000 is for Salaries and Expenses and
$2,856,100 is for extramural purposes under Research and Development.
Develop and Validate Methods to Predict and Monitor Human and Environmental
Environmental Exposure to Chemicals Under TSCA.The exposure monitoring research
effort emphasi zes developi ng (T)moni tori ng data directly related to exposure
measurements to corroborate the limited laboratory and model data used in risk
assessment, and (2) monitoring systems and approaches capable of linking environ-
mental concentrations of chemicals to human exposure. A field test to evaluate
exposure monitors, sampling protocols and data analysis techniques developed in
prior years is being initiated. The program is developing improved statistical
tools to aid in the design and analyses of exposure monitoring programs.
Develop Methods and Provi de Quality Assurance for TSCA Data and Analytical
ActivTtTes. We are continuing research on various cryogenic approaches and new
collector materials for sampling heavier compounds in air; and a number of direct
methods for analysis of organic compounds contained in particulate matter are
being examined. The quality assurance area is emphasizing protocols for biological
measurements, and field work is being conducted to develop guidelines that will
be used in validating soil models. Finally, a protocol and report on assessing
asbestos fiber reduction techniques is being published and laboratory audits are
being conducted as needed and a standard reference bank for material spectra is
bei ng mai ntai ned.
TS-17
-------
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$11,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramnring. (-$11,000 ) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not report abl e under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$11,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency allocated a total of $5,215,700 and 27.1 total workyears
to this program, of which $1,634,900 was under the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $3,580,800 was for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Develop and Validate Methods to Predict and Monitor Human and Environmental
Exposure to Chemicals Under TSCA. The Agency collected data from the second
city of the two city Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) Study. The
data will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of using personal dosimeters,
biological samples, and population activity questionnaires to obtain improved
exposure data in humans. The Agency initiated development work on a number of
improved statistical approaches and data handling techniques for predicting and
monitori ng human and environmental exposure to chemicals. In addition technical
assistance for a number of Agency exposure assessments was provided.
Develop Methods and Provide Quality Assurance for TSCA Data and Analytical
Acti viti es. Methods for sampling and analyzing volatile organic compounds were
tested. Guidelines that will be used in the field validations of stream models
that predict fate and transport of chemical compounds also were completed. The
audit program for the asbestos in schools program continued, and quality assurance
protocols and standard reference materials were provided for a number of studies
and field activities.
HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,835,000 supported by 59.1 total workyears
for this program, of which $3,813,000 is for Salaries and Expenses and $7,022,000
is for Research and Development. This reflects a decrease of $44,200 in Salaries
and Expenses and an increase of $359,100 for Research and Development for an over-
all increase of $314,900. The increase will focus on identifying areas to which
epidemiology studies may be applied as well as development of risk methods for
new chemi cal s.
Develop and Validate Testing Methods That Identify and Assess Health and
Environmental Hazards of Chemicals Under TSCA. Health effects test guidelines are
needed for test rules specified under Section 4 of TSCA to define testing data
deficiencies under Section 5, and to meet the statutory requirements of Section
10(e). Existing guidelines contain deficiencies and gaps that must be addressed if
we are to provide reliable, scientific guidance to industry for test rule develop-
ment. Laboratory animal, tissue, and organ culture methodologies will be devel-
oped to provide more sensitive, reliable and efficient procedures to assess bio-
medical endpoints. Work will focus on two areas of concern to OTS: inexpensive
and short-term screening tests, and longer-term tests and systems for the tier-
testing matrix. This research includes emphasis on the relationship of animal
test data to human systems.
TS-18
-------
Develop and Validate Improved Risk Assessment Methods for TSCA Studies.
Additlonal resources in 1985 will be used to address some of the significant gaps
i n the risk assessment methodologies. Current methodologies, for the most part,
have been essentially limited to cancer risk and many of the existing methodologies
are incompletely validated. Both qualitative and quantitative procedures need to
be improved to extrapolate data from animal studies to human risk. Epidemiology
research will also be expanded to assess areas where epidemiology data may be
appli ed.
Perform Engineering and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments and Control
Quality of Agency Risk Assessment?! OTS performs evaluations of exposure to chemi-
cals and assesses the risk that can result from such exposure. Scientific assess-
ments and data collection support this process. This research will provide data on
the adverse effects of inhaled asbestos and asbestos like fibers including the cor-
relation of short-term tests with in vivo carcinogenesis studies. In addition, EPA
will investigate the health effects of speci fic commerical mineral fibers such as
those coming from automotive brake pads.
Develop Predictive Techniques in Support of Premanufacturi ng and New Use Re-
vi ews"Estimates of health effects are part of the PMN reviews under Section 5 of
TSCA. We will continue to emphasize development of structure-activity relationship
(SAR) models. SAR will also improve OTS's ability to limit testing of existing
chemicals to the necessary tests. The objective of this research is to develop a
method which can use data on molecular descriptors or combinations as a screening
tool to predict genetic and carcinogenic activities and prioritize chemicals for
further testing; and to construct a chemical data base in several areas of toxico-
logical response related to individual organ systems. Work will also begin on
computer assisted predictive metabolism and hazard estimation of toxic chemicals
using the Gene-Tox computerized data base. This effort will provide quantitative
health hazard assessments together with quantitative in vitro and animal test data
suitable for use by OTS in health risk assessment.
1984 Program
In 1984 the Agency is allocating a total of $10,520,100 and 59.1 total work-
years to this program of which $3,857,200 is under the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priations and $6,662,900 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment ap pr opri at i on.
Develop and Validate Test Methods That Identify and Assess Health and Environ-
mental Hazards of Chemicals Under TSCA. fhe test method development program focuses
on development of inexpensive and short-term screening tests and of longer-term
tests and systems for tier-testing to a variety of biomedical indices. This
research includes emphasis on the relations of animal test data to human systems.
Develop and Validate Improved Ri sk Assessment Methods for TSCA Studies. Ri sk
assessment methodologies are being developed and validated for improved qualitative
and quantitative extrapolation of animal data to human risk in the areas of mutagen-
icity, carci nogenti city, neurotoxi city, adverse reproductive effects and teratology.
Perform Engineering and Scientific Evaluations and Assessment and Control
Quality of Agency Risk Assessments.Work is continuing on the data basefoF
asbestosand asbestoslike fibers, Including the correlation of short-term tests
wi t h i n vi vo carci nogenesi s studies. We are also providing technical and logistic
support to the Interagency Task Force on Environmental Cancer and Heart and Lung
Di sease.
Develop Predictive Techniques i n Support of Premanufacturi ng and New Use
Revi ews"i Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) research continues on the develop-
ment of toxi cological data bases to develop models for predicting carcinogenic,
mutagenic, reproductive, neurotoxic, pulmonary, renal, hepatic, and cardiovascular
effects. Mathematical and computer modeling work is also being conducted in
support of thi s objecti ve.
TS-19
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1984 Explanation of Changes from Budget Estimate
The net decrease of -$28,500 results from the following action:
-Reprogramnri ng. (-$28,500) A reprogrammi ng was made to this activity which
was not report able under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations. This change
resulted i n a net decrease of -$28,500 to the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983 the Agency obligated a total of $7,914,200 for this program, of which
$4,206,400 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $3,707,800 was for
extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropriation.
Develop and Validate Test Methods That Identify and Assess Health and Environ-
mental Hazards of Chemicals Under TSCA. In 1983, the Agency's accomplishments in-
cluded publication of a series of papers on the use of short-term test systems
using human cells as the targets and a series on the use of short-term tests to
evaluate the effects of combinations of pollutants.
Perform Engineering and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments and Control
Quality of Agency Risk Assessments. In 1983 the Agency's accomplishments included
publication of a study on occupational exposure to formaldehyde.
Develop Predictive Techniques in Support of Premanufacturing and New Use Re-
views"In 1983 the Agency's accomplishments included publication of studi es on
structure-activity relationships for two types of chemicals.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $678,000 supported by 8.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $478,000 is for Salaries and Expenses, and $200,000 is for
Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $280,900 for Salaries and
Expenses, and an increase of $200,000 for Research and Development, for an overall
increase of $480,900. The increased resources will improve the Agency's ability
to predict the potential for release of and exposure to new chemicals and evaluate
control measures for existing chemicals.
Perform Engineering and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments and Control
Quality of Agency Risk Assessment si Two types of assessments will be conducted to
support the efforts of OTS in the premanufacturing notice review of genetically
engineered organisms. First, an assessment of the potential for environmental
cont ami nation will be conducted. Also to be undertaken is an assessment of the
physical, chemical, and biological techniques and devices for the containment and
destruction of genetically engineered organisms.
Develop Predictive Techniques in Support of Premanuf act ure Notice Revi ews.
Models to predict the release and exposure of different classes of chemicals will
be developed. This will meet the Agency's needs for predictive capabilities in
assessing release and exposure of chemicals in the review of premanu fact ure notice
for new chemicals as required by the Toxic Substances Control Act. Pilot scale
evaluations of the treatability of classes of potentially toxic substances by
waste treatment systems will be conducted to verify the developed predictive models.
The chemicals studied will be chosen from the classes which appear frequently in
the premanufacturing notice (PMN) process.
TS-20
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Evaluation of Environmental Control Measures for Existing Chemicals.
Ways to mitigate the release of and exposure to specific existing chemicals win
be Initiated. This will be accomplished by evaluating and adapting control measures
related to the release in the work place and into the environment of the chemicals
during their life cycles. Techniques, management practices, and personal pro-
tection equipment to limit the release and exposure of chemicals will be evaluated.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $197,100 and 6.0 total workyears
to this program, all of which the is under the Salaries and Expenses Appropriation.
Develop Predictive Techniques in Support of Premanufacture Notice Reviews.
The development of models to predict the release and exposure of new chemicals Is
being undertaken. Pilot scale evaluation of the treatability of new potentially
toxic substances such as azo dyes by waste treatment systems are being conducted.
The results from these evaluations will be utilized to verify the developed
predictive models.
Evaluation of Environmental Control Measures for Existing Chemicals. Evalua-
tions of environmental control measures for existing chemicals are being conducted.
An engineering assessment of the amount of release and contamination of groundwater
from underground storage tanks has been started. A model to predict the effective-
ness of chemical protective clothing materials 1s being developed.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$70,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$70,000) A reprogrammlng was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogrammlng limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$70,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $556,900 and 7.7 total workyears for
this program, of which $359,500 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $197,400 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Perform Engineering and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments and Control
Qualityof Agency Risk Assessments.Process specific Information and engineering
assessments have been provided to estimate release and exposure of new toxic sub-
stances 1n the pre-manufacture notice review process. The life cycle emissions
and release studies of dye stuffs have been conducted and scheduled for publication
in 1985.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $8,837,400 supported by 93.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $6,114,100 is for Salaries and Expenses and $2,723,300
is for Research and Development. This represents a decrease of $25,800 in the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation and an Increase of $783,300 in the Research
and Development appropriation. The increased resources will initiate a new re-
search program on biotechnology which is concerned with the development of method-
ologies for evaluating environmental risks associated with bloengineered organisms.
TS-21
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Develop and Validate Test Methods That Identify and Assess Health and Environ-
mental Hazards of Chemicals Under TSCA.The environmental hazards assessment
program is designed to develop, improve, and validate single-and multiple-species
toxicity testi ng methods. Focus will be on the acceleration of benthic assays
development, development of culturing techniques, and initiation of work on hazard
ranking of chemicals based on si ngle-species and ecosystem effects. Terrestrial
toxicology research wi 11 continue to focus on the effects of chemicals on both
plant and avian species, with emphasis on validation of test methods. The compara-
tive toxicology program is designed to define how much testing is needed for an
adequate risk assessment when one species can be used to test and predict adverse
effects for other species. Comparative toxicology relationships on a diverse
phyla of marine organisms as well as on avian vs. wild species will be developed.
System-level research, conducted on the effects of toxic chemicals on aquatic and
terrestrial ecosystem processes and functions, will focus on tests related to
freshwater as well as for benthic marine species. There will be a continuing effort
to develop the criteria for determining the limits of applicability of toxicological
data obtained in the laboratory to field situations.
Develop and Validate Methods to Predict and Monitor Human and Environmental
Exposure to Chemicals Under TSCA. The envi ronmental exposure assessment program
will focus on development, improvement, and validation of mathematical models for
exposure assessments in air, water, and terrestrial systems, in food chains, and
i n multi-medi a environments. Basic scientific understandings, concepts, and data
will be acquired on transport and fate mechanisms to develop defensible laboratory
test methods and exposure models for evaluating the environmental fate and multi-
media distribution of chemicals. Emphasis will be placed on evaluating mathematical
models under various simulated and actual field conditions to estimate their preci-
sion, accuracy, and confidence limits in real-world environments.
Develop and Validate Improved Ri sk Assessment Methods for TSCA Studies. In
1985, the environmental processes and effects program will initiate a new program
on biotechnology aimed at providing tools to OTS for evaluating the environmental
risk associated with genetically engineered organisms under PMN review. Work will
focus on developing scientific rationales and procedures for evaluating transport'
and survi vabi lity of genetically manipulated organisms (microbes, plants, or
animals).
Perform Engineering and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments, and Control
Quality of Agency Risk Assessments. Technical studies will be conducted for OTS
on environmental fate, exposure, effects, hazard, and environmental risk of
chemicals. Specific examples include: review and screening of new chemicals for
Section 5 of TSCA; development and revision of test rules; and management of work-
shops on technical issues of particular importance to OTS.
Develop Predicti ve Techniques in Support of Premanufacturing and New Use Re-
views: In 1985, work on the development of SAR models for predlctl ng the environ-
mental fate and toxicity of chemicals will continue with emphasis on validating of
models and improving the precision and reliability of methods. Specifically, the
program will: 1) develop data sets and correlation models for the prediction/
estimation of fate and effects based on chemical structure; 2) determine the feasi-
bility of using chemical similarity indices to identify potentially hazardous PMN
chemicals; and 3) develop methods for the possible estimation of acute and chronic
effects on organisms SAR.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,028,300 and 90.9 total work-
years to this program, of which $6,088,300 is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $1,940,000 is for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
TS-22
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Develop and Validate Test Methods That Identify and Assess Health and Environ-
mental Hazards of Chemicals Under TSCA. The environmental hazards assessment
program is designed to develop, improve, and validate test methods, for defining
hazards to ecosystems. Work on terrestrial plant uptake and metabolism will be
completed. Tests will be developed on a diverse phyla of marine organisms to
develop comparati ve toxicological relationships. System-level research, necessary
because effects estimates based upon single species data may not accurately define
the hazard to -larger ecosystems, is continuing. Work on defining critically
sensitive terrestrial/forest ecosystems which are vulnerable to toxic chemicals
will be completed. Laboratory-scale simulated environmental systems will be
used to validate effects methods. This will be the first attempt to develop the
criteria for determining limits of applicability of laboratory-derived toxicological
data for certain kinds of aquatic communities and the first step in defining a
quantitative relationship between the data obtained in the laboratory with field
situations.
Develop and Validate Methods to Predict and Monitor Human and Environmental
Exposure to Chemicals Under TSCA.Work continues to identify transport and trans-
formation processes and to develop mathematical models and data bases needed to
estimate ambient concentrations of toxic substances in various environmental media.
The main emphasis on this topic, however, has shifted to microcosms and field valid-
ation of previously developed methodologies to determine applicability in real sit-
uations.
Perform Engineering and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments, and Control
Quality of Agency Ri sk Assessments. ORD scientists continue to respond to technical
assistance requests from OTS. It i s expected that these requests, as in previous
years, will include: toxicity screening and evaluation of newly introduced chemi-
cals; development of test guidelines for specific chemicals of concern; development
of additional sets of support documents for new test guidelines; and management of
technical workshops on newly emerging topics of interest to OTS.
Develop Predictive Techniques in Support of Premanuf acturi ng and New Use Re-
vi ews. Efforts continue in developing structure-activity models as a means for
estimating toxicity and fate of PMN chemicals in the environment. This research
includes development of models for defining bi oaccumulation, toxicity, distribution
coefficient, thermodynamic properities, and data bases on plant uptake, fate and
reactivity of chemicals, and toxicity to freshwater and marine species.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $9,818,000 for this program, of
which $6,254,000 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $3,564,000
was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropriation.
Develop and Validate Test Methods that Identify and Assess Health and Environ-
mental Hazards of Chemicals Under TSCA. Test methods development projects com-
pleted in 1983 provided both single-species and microcosm testi ng results, final data
on the isolated root uptake of chemicals, and information on the comparative toxi-
city of 10 chemicals to selected species of aquatic organisms.
Develop and Validate Methods to Predict and Monitor Human and Environmental
Exposure to Chemicals Under TSCA. In 1983 the following outputs were produced: a
user's manual for EXAMS II; an organic, multi-media environmental exposure screening
model; and a heavy metal transport, fate, and exposure model. Studies were also
completed .on the accumulation of toxic substances in estuarine food chains and
microbial degradation rates; and atmospheric pollutant tracer field experiments.
TS-23
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Perform Engineering and Scientific Evaluations and Assessments, and Control
Quality of Agency Risk Assessments. Major technical assistance was provided to OTS
by expert reviews of testing guidelines, Section 4 test rule determinations, and
other documents.
Develop Predictive Techniques in Support of Premanufacturi ng and New Use
Revi ews. me structure-acti vityprogram completed a generic classi fication of
chemicals in the TSCA inventory list based upon structural characteristics. Also
completed were models for several classes of chemicals to evaluate potential toxi-
city to fish; applicability of freshwater SAR models to indicate bi oaccumulation
and toxicity to marine species; and models to define and evaluate potential micro-
bi al degradation of chemicals in aquatic ecosystems and reaction kinetics of
airborne toxicants.
STRATOSPHERIC MODIFICATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $877,500 supported by 1.8 total workyears for
this program, of which $135,100 is for Salaries and Expenses and $742,400 is for
Research and Development. This reflects an increase of $2,400 for Salaries and
Expenses and $1,000 for Research and Development, approximately the same levels as
1984.
Assess Stratospheric Modification. The 1985 Stratospheric Modification pro-
gram will include the following: continuation of research on the adaptability of
plants to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation and its effects on various key life
forms; coordination of Federal research in this area; and continuation of support
to the National Academy of Sciences for updating a comprehensive assessment on the
state of knowledge.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $874,100 and 1.8 total workyears
to this program, of which $132,700 is under Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$741,400 i s for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropri-
ation.
Assess Stratospheric Modification. The 1984 Stratospheric Modification
research program is currently: worki ng closely with the National Academy of
Sci ences to assess current state of-the-art knowledge and research needs and to
provide an updated report in 1984; preparing the fourth biennial research report
to the Congress, which will be delivered in February, 1984; continuing research to
provide more definitive quantitative data on the effects to and the adaptability
of plants to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation under field conditions; and studying
the effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on key marine life; and coordination of
Federal research in this area.
1984 Explanantion of Change from Budget Estimate
The net decrease of -$1,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogrammi ng. (-$1,000) A reprogramnri ng was made to this activity which was
not report able under the Congressional reprogrammi ng limitations. This change re-
sulted in a net decrease of -$1,000 to the Research and Development appropriation.
TS-24
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated at total of $812,600 for this program, of which
$75,900 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $736,700 was for
extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropriation.
Assess Stratospheric Modification. The Stratospheric Modification program had
the following accomplishments in 1983. Computation of solar ultraviolet radiation
fluxes to the earth's surface as a function of latitude, season, radiation wave-
length, natural total ozone column, and percentage changes in ozone concentra-
tions was completed. A handbook of tables containing computations for use in
health, ecological effects, and assessment studies was also completed. The
program obtained preliminary definitive data on the effects of enhanced UV-B
radiation on crops in the field.
NATIONAL CENTER FOR TOXICOLOGICAL RESEARCH
1985 Request
The Agency is not requesting resources for pass-through funding to the National
Center for Toxicological Research in 1985.
1984 Program
Resources were not requested for this program in 1984.
1983 Program
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,059,600, all of which was in the
Research and Development appropriation.
Activities under this program were not funded until late 1983. As a result,
major scientific outputs will not be available in this reporting period.
TS-25
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Abatement and
Control
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
ABATEMENT & CONTROL
Toxic Substances Strategies TS-27
Toxi cs Integrate on TS-30
Chemi cal Testi ng TS-32
Existing Chemical Review TS-35
New Chemi cal Revi ew TS-38
TS-26
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Strategies
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
in
I
INJ
Toxics Integration
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Chemical Testing
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Existing Chemical
Review
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$1,390.1 $972.7
$1,819.3 $1,938.1
$782.3 $782.3
$1,938.1 $1,938.1
TOTAL $3,209.4 $2,910.8 $2,720.4 $2,720.4
$3,959.2 $4,202.8 $4,202.8 $4,202.8
$8,463.4 $8,361.7 $8,361.7 $8,361.7
TOTAL $12,422.6 $12,564.5 $12,564.5 $12,564.5
4,782.6 $4,609.7 $4,609.7 $4,609.7
6,149.1 $6,078.8 $6,078.8 $6,078.8
TOTAL $10,931.7 $10,688.5 $10,688.5 $10,688.5
New Chemical Review
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
7,664.6 $7,571.6 $8,272.9 $8,272.9
5,867.6 $5,384.7 $5,384.7 $5,384.7
TOTAL $13,532.2 $12,956.3 $13,657.6 $13,657.6
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Abatenent Control and
Compliance
Toxic Substances
Strategies
$17,796.5 $17,356.8 $17,867.7 $17,867.7
$22,299.4 $21,763.3 $21,763.3 $21,763.3
TOTAL $40,095.9 $39,120.1 $39,631.0 $39,631.0
$814.1
$1,256.1
$4,696.2
$9,801.8
$9,002.7
$6,137.7
$31.8
-$682.0
$2,070.2 -$650.2
$493.4
$1,440.1
$14,498.0 $1,933.5
$5,824.5 $1,214.8
$7,885.1 $1,806.3
$13,709.6 $3,021.1
$729.8
$753.0
$15,140.4 $1,482.8
$20,337.5 $2,469.8
$25,080.7 $3,317.4
$45,418.2 $5,787.2
-------
ro
CD
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Strategies
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Toxics Integration
Chemical Testing
Existing Chemical
Review
New Chemical Review
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Toxics Integration
Chemical Testing
Existing Chemical
Review
New Chemical Review
TOTAL WORKYEARS
19.0
79.4
109.8
172.1
380.3
30.0
92.0
114.5
201.2
437.7
(DOLLARS IN
16.0
93.9
93.0
171.1
374.0
22.8
103.7
103.0
189.5
419.0
THOUSANDS)
12.5
93.9
93.0
187.7
387.1
17.8
103.7
103.0
207.8
432.3
12.5
93.9
93.0
187.7
387.1
17.8
104.7
103.0
207.8
433.3
13.0
103.0
120.6
196.6
433.2
17.8
112.0
125.0
216.6
471.4
.5
9.1
27.6
8.9
46.1
7.3
22.0
8.8
38.1
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Strategies
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $45,418,200 supported by 471.4 total workyears
for 1985. Of these resources $20,337,500 is for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $25,080,700 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an increase of 38.1 total workyears over 1984, and increases of
$2,469,800 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, and $3,317,400 for the
Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. These increases are requested
to support new initiatives and expansions of existing efforts in four areas:
Toxics Integration, Chemical Testing, Existing Chemical Review, and New Chemical
Review. ;
Program Description
The four programs which make up the Toxic Substances Strategies subactivity
Toxics Integration, Chemical Testing, Existing Chemical Review, and New Chemical
Revieware the core of the Agency's capacity to evaluate the potential effects
of chemicals and regulate harmful chemicals through strategies based on a coordi-
nated approach. These separate program activities conjoin in enabling the Agency
to meet its mandate under TSCA.
Toxics Integration The major emphasis of the Toxics Integration program
has been changed to reflect the Agency's interest in intermedia chemical problems
and in better communication with other Federal agencies, States, and Regions on
toxic problems. In addition, the Agency will continue to promote a cohesive,
coordinated Agency, interagency, and international approach to solving chemical
problems.
Chemical Testing The goal of the Chemical Testing program is to make accu-
rate decisions about the need for additional testing of high priority chemicals.
These decisions result in the generation of data that will allow EPA to make
reasoned, scientific judgments leading to both regulatory and nonregulatory actions
in its Existing Chemical Review program.
Existing Chemical Review The goal of the Existing Chemical Review program
is to reduce unreasonable risks to health or the environment caused by chemicals
already in commerce. EPA plans to use a coordinated and flexible inter- and intra-
agency approach to achieve a comprehensive risk reduction. EPA will take maximum
advantage of opportunities to influence industry or user groups to reach negoti-
ated agreements for risk reduction so that risks can be reduced in a more timely
manner.
The Existing Chemical Review program also includes information collection and
risk management activities needed to develop TSCA regulations and otherwise imple-
ment the program. Computer systems are maintained to ensure the confidential
handling of business information, the collection and statistical analysis of health
and environmental monitoring data, and the development and implementation of record-
keeping under TSCA Sections 8 and 12. The Chemical Inventory, which defines the
universe of existing chemicals, includes data on over 60,000 chemicals and is
maintained for both the new and existing chemical programs.
New Chemical Review EPA's new chemical premanufacture review program re-
flects the general preventive philosophy of TSCA. Its goal is to protect human
health and the environment from unreasonable chemical risks before the chemical
TS-29
-------
enters into commerce. Without imposing undue regulatory burden, EPA will conduct
a program that subjects all new chemicals to a comprehensive premanufacture review
to ensure that risks associated with intended uses are adequately characterized
and, where necessary, controlled. A new function of the New Chemical Review pro-
gram is the review and evaluation of living, genetically engineered organisms to
ensure that society is protected from any adverse health or environmental effects
caused by the use of these substances. Using the "significant new use" authorities
of Section 5(a)(2) or the reporting authorities of Section 8, the New Chemical
Review program closely tracks the commercial development of selected new chemicals
after they have entered commerce.
TOXICS INTEGRATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $2,070,200 supported by 17.8 total workyears for this
program, of which $814,100 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$1,256,100 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The 1985
Salaries and Expenses appropriation is increased by $31,800 to cover increases in
personnel costs. The 1985 request for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation is reduced by $682,000 as a result of the transfer of resources to the
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation. The emphasis of the Toxics Integration
program has been changed to reflect the Agency's interest in intermedia chemical
problems and the development of cross-media chemical strategies, and in fostering
better communication with States and Regions on toxic substances information
sharing and chemical problems.
In 1985, the Agency will fully implement the new intermedia chemical problem
identification program piloted in 1984. This program will ensure that the Agency
identifies and assigns responsibility for chemical problems in a consistent and
rapid manner. High quality public interaction will be stressed. In a related
effort, the Agency will develop strategies for chemicals of special interest both
to the Toxics Substances program and to the other Agency programs. These strategies
will address cross-media issues and identify the most cost-effective approaches
to total control of the chemical problem.
A second prototype program initiated in 1984 to assist other EPA, Federal, and
State programs in using TSCA information and/or the information gathering and regu-
latory authorities under TSCA will result in a fully implemented information
sharing program in 1985. This program will provide chemical data and technical
know-how to Regions and States to strengthen their capabilities to deal with unique
toxics problems.
In addition to these expanded integration activities, we will continue already
established integration activities. These activities focus on creating and sharing
data bases which contain toxic chemical regulatory and scientific information. The
existence of these data sources encourages consistent decision-making and efficient
use of work already completed. The EPA Chemical Activity Status Report will be
updated and Consumer Product Safety Commission data added. This report, available
through an on-line ADP system, currently includes chemical assessment and regulatory
status information on over 3,800 chemicals of interest to EPA.
Twenty-five more organizations will be added as users of the Chemical
Substances Information Network (CSIN), and one additional organizational network
will be added. CSIN provides easy access to a library of systems through a central
access point. We will update existing Intermedia Priority Pollutant (IPP) docu-
ments and add three new pollutants. These IPP documents contain policy, technical,
and regulatory guidance and are used throughout the Agency. In addition, we
will maintain the Industry File Information System and the Industry Interaction
Matrix. The Industry File Information System, indexed by chemical, includes
information on 83 industry categories which are affected by EPA regulations. The
Industry Interaction Matrix identifies EPA staff involved in toxics-oriented
work in every regulated industry category.
TS-30
-------
1984 Program
In 1984 the Agency is allocating $2,720,400 supported by 17.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $782,300 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $1,938,100 is for extramural purposes under the Abatement, Control and Compli-
ance appropriation.
In 1984, the Agency will begin a pilot program to identify systematically
intermedia chemical problems. In addition, we will focus on fully utilizing
TSCA's broad authorities to address cross-media problems and on coordinated media
approaches. We will pursue a program of intensive interaction with other EPA
programs to make them aware of TSCA's flexible information gathering and control
authorities. This could result in several pilot rulemaking efforts in which TSCA
authorities are used by these offices to solve a problem they are facing.
In another pilot effort, the Agency will begin to explore ways to share
more widely information received as a result of TSCA action under Sections 4 and
8, as well as the technical and scientific knowledge gained over the years of TSCA
implementation. In developing TSCA, Congress clearly recognized the need for
broad public access to data on commercial chemicals and chemical hazards. It
charged EPA with the responsibility for sharing data obtained under the Act with
all interested parties, including Federal, State, and local agencies responsible
for the protection of health and the environment. This sharing of information is
limited only by the the Confidential Business Information protection guaranteed by
TSCA. Significant amounts of data are now available, and through this program
we hope to develop an efficient way to make data widely available to all interested
parties in a manner consistent with the mandates of the Act.
The Chemical Activity Status Report will be maintained and used to perform
analyses to identify duplicative efforts on chemicals and evaluate the Agency's
regulatory behavior. Eight of the 22 Intermedia Priority Pollutant (IPP) documents
will be updated in 1984 and three new IPP's developed. We will continue to main-
tain the Extramural Activity Report which is designed to reduce duplicative work
by EPA grantees and contractors; two updates are scheduled for publication in
1984. The Industry File Information System and Industry Interaction Matrix will
be updated. " " ' ~ ~ ~"
Policy studies on such topics as the feasibility of cross-agency sharing of
confidential data and the pervasiveness of problems of intermedia transfer of toxic
pollutants will be completed in 1984. Implementation steps will begin in several
of the subject areas in 1984, and new studies will begin. Candidate subjects in-
clude issuance of a comprehensive EPA "State of the Chemicals" report and developing
a mechanism for EPA (as an Agency) to publicly "close out" its interests in a
chemical.
The principal efforts in the CSIN program are directed toward enhancing the
system to make its management technology more attractive to potential subscribers
and toward adding additional subscribers and data resources. In 1984, plans are to
add four new data and information resources such as HAZARDLINE and the Ford Motor
Company chemical data base, and 50 more user organizations. One organizational
data system will also be added, and current CSIN capabilities will be made available
to this same organization. Finally, in 1984 we will evaluate the results of the
Section 28 State grant programs closed out in 1983 and 1984.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $3,209,400 supported by 30.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $1,390,100 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $1,819,300 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. In
1983 we issued the report on lead contamination in Dallas. This report was the
culmination of a study coordinated by the Chemical Coordination Staff using re-
sources from EPA Region VI, the city of Dallas, and the Centers for Disease Control.
The study provided a new scientific benchmark in terms of the quality and integrity
of its design and provided definitive information on the tenuous relationship
between soil lead contamination and children's blood-lead levels.
In 1983, the State assistance effort focused on establishing an information
clearinghouse and peer exchange opportunities for States, plus assessing States'
information needs for decision-making on toxics and offering support as appropriate.
Under the State assistance program in 1983, profiles of toxics capabilities of 20
States were prepared, and on-site aid was provided. Two grants were awarded
in 1983. One grant resulted in a report prepared by the National Conference of
State Legislators, which described toxic substances control trends in State legis-
lation. The second grant was awarded to the Association of State and Territorial
Health Officials/Conference of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (ASTHO/CSTE)
to identify problems in conducting environmental epidemiological investigations,
and to sponsor a conference on environmental epidemiology and toxicology for
State officials. A compendium of environmental epidemiological investigations by
States will be produced.
Also in 1983, we initiated efforts to add new data and information resources,
as well as 50 new organizations to the Chemical Substances Information Network
(CSIN) program. CSIN is designed to serve the data and information management needs
of private and public sector administrators, engineers, and scientists involved
in the development, production, transportation, use, disposal, and regulation of
chemical substances. We have added the following to CSIN: two major commercial
information vendors, Lockheed's Dialog and the Bibliographic Retrieval Service,
and one system specializing in mathematical modeling, the U. S. Coast Guard's
Hazard Assessment Chemical System._ This expanded the total to seven information
services or over 400 data bases accessible through CSIN. " Over 160 individuals
from 52 private and public organizations were trained to use CSIN during 1983. A
total of 104 organizations and over 400 individuals are now trained in CSIN.
CHEMICAL TESTING
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $14,498,000 supported by 112.0 total workyears for this
program: $4,696,200 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, and $9,801,800
is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This represents in-
creases of 7.3 total workyears and $493,400 for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $1,440,100 in extramural dollars under the Abatement, Control and
Compliance appropriation to finalize testing actions proposed in previous years.
The increase also expands the test data audit program to keep pace with the in-
creases in test studies now underway.
In 1985, the Agency will continue to place primary emphasis on responding to
the Interagency Testing Committee's (ITC's) most recent chemical designations within
the required 12-month period. The Agency's response to the 13th and 14th ITC
lists, which we expect to include a total of nine chemicals, will be published in
November, 1984 and May, 1985, respectively. EPA will receive and initiate data
development activities for chemicals designated on the 15th and 16th ITC lists.
During the data development phase, EPA will contact chemical manufacturers and
processors, public interest groups, and other parties potentially affected by the
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ITC's recommendations. An extensive effort will then be mounted to gather informa-
tion necessary for the analysis and evaluation of the ITC recommendations, leading
to decisions on the need for testing. The Agency will continue its commitment to
obtain data as quickly as possible, using negotiated agreements when a mutually
acceptable agreement can be reached with industry to perform the required testing.
EPA will always pursue formal rulemaking when necessary.
In the past three years the Agency has concentrated efforts on clearing the
backlog of chemicals on the schedule established by court order and on meeting the
statutory deadlines for new ITC designations. The backlog was eliminated in 1984.
In order to meet these deadlines, testing decisions were issued as proposals. In
1985, EPA will concentrate on finalizing past testing actions and put into place a
process for finalizing future testing actions more quickly.
The Agency will continue test data development activities on chemical cate-
gories identified through the new and existing chemicals programs. Although this
work was started in 1984, the first testing actions resulting from this non-ITC
component of the program will occur in 1985. Testing on those chemicals will
provide the Agency with data necessary to reach a regulatory decision.
In 1985 EPA expects to receive and process 100 applications for exemption from
testing to avoid duplicative efforts when other persons are already performing the
tests. TSCA requires the Administrator to order those persons who have been
granted exemptions from test data submission requirements, but have failed to
reach agreement on reimbursement, to provide fair and equitable reimbursement to
those persons who have previously provided test data on an equivalent chemical
substance or mixture for which the exemption is being sought.
A critical level of test guideline development work will continue in 1985.
This work will focus on chronic health screening tests and higher tier environmen-
tal tests. New guidelines will be coordinated within EPA, with other government
agencies, and with the international community to ensure harmonization with other
testing procedures. EPA will perform the required annual review of all published
test guidelines to ensure their adequacy. This level of effort will vary depend-
ing on the level of public comment and advances made_ in testing methodologies.
Another critical component of the 1985 Chemical Testing program is the data
audit program. The objective of the data audit program is to ensure that all data
produced, whether a negotiated agreement or a test rule, are adequate for regula-
tory purposes. The validity of these test data will be confirmed through audits
of test studies to ensure testing is conducted pursuant to specified testing
protocols, TSCA/FIFRA testing procedures, and good laboratory practices. EPA will
expand its test data audit program to keep pace with increases in the number of
tests being performed. In addition, we will refine our health and environmental
data audit procedures and begin to develop procedures covering biological testing
and exposure monitoring. These are areas where EPA is just beginning to impose
testing requirements. Audit procedures enable EPA to conduct thorough and consis-
tent data audits on a greater number of studies and further minimize the potential
for invalid data being generated.
EPA will continue to participate in international information exchange pro-
grams. The most visible international effort will be the Agency's participation
in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The OECD
Switchboard project, piloted in 1984, will be evaluated and fully implemented.
Member countries need information on particular chemicals expeditiously and at
minimal cost. Unpublished data of importance to the assessment of these chemicals
may be in the possession of manufacturers, governments, and academia. The Switch-
board project establishes an international referral system to facilitate access by
member countries to unpublished information held in other member countries. EPA
chairs the Switchboard project and will provide scientific and information manage-
ment expertise to facilitate full-scale implementation of the project.
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EPA will also develop bilateral and multilateral agreements between OECD
member countries involved in testing programs. These agreements will establish
laboratory and data audit requirements for all testing performed by these countries,
even if the data will be submitted to another country. This will facilitate
acceptance of data and also ensure that the OECD good laboratory practice compli-
ance scheme is implemented.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $12,564,500 supported by 104.7 total work-
years to this program. Of this total $4,202,800 is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $8,361,700 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appro-
priation. EPA completed action on the backlog of ITC designations prior to the
court-ordered deadline of December 31, 1983. Testing decisions on the llth and
12th lists will be issued in November 1983 and in May 1984 and data development
will begin on the 13th and 14th ITC lists. The 13th list was received in November
1983 and designated four chemicals for testing consideration by EPA. As the back-
log is completed, the Agency will begin to finalize actions taken in past years
and begin data development on three to four chemicals identified through the TSCA
new and existing chemical program reviews. Testing on these EPA-identified chemi-
cals will provide information needed to reach a regulatory decision.
The Agency will maintain a critical level of guideline development work in
1984 and will publish seven new guidelines. These new guidelines will cover
environmental effects and chemical fate tests. EPA will conduct an annual review
and update of published guidelines as required by TSCA and will republish any guide-
lines which require major revision. One significant guideline update will address
the controversial LD50 (acute lethality) test, which will be updated to reduce on
average the number of animals used in the test. In addition, EPA has published a
rule specifying good laboratory practices that must be observed by laboratories
conducting tests in compliance with TSCA. The work on this rule was completed in
1983; it was published on November 28, 1983.
A comprehensive test data audit program will be a high priority in 1984 as
the number of tests being conducted as a result of TSCA actions will continue to
increase. The Agency is committed to ensuring that data produced by these studies
are of high quality.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $12,422,600 supported by 92.0 total workyears,
of which $3,959,200 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $8,463,400
was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The Agency responded
to a total of 23 ITC designations in 1983; 16 were backlog designations and seven
were designations from the 9th and 10th ITC lists. Both the December 1982 court-
imposed schedule on the backlog chemicals and the statutory timeframe on the 9th
and 10th lists were met. The Agency published a final data reimbursement rule
pursuant to Section 4(c)(3)(A) of TSCA to ensure fair distribution among chemical
manufacturers of costs associated with performing required testing under Section
4.
The Agency published six new guidelines for conducting basic health and
environmental effects and environmental fate testing. In addition, EPA performed
the required annual review and update of published test guidelines to ensure that
they were adequate. As a result EPA revised 40 of the 80 guidelines published in
1982 after determining that technical areas of the guidelines needed updating.
All but one of the revisions was minor.
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This was the first year in which the Agency saw the results of its negotiated
testing program under Section 4 of TSCA. In 1983, the Agency received nearly 200
test studies performed on chemicals subject to past testing actions under these
negotiated agreements. These data are a key component in the risk identification
activities carried out under the TSCA Existing Chemical Review program and would
not yet be available if it were not for the Agency's negotiated testing approach.
EXISTING CHEMICAL REVIEW
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $13,709,600 supported by 125.0 total workyears
for this program, of which $5,824,500 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $7,885,100 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
This represents an increase of 22.0 total workyears and increases under the
Salaries and Expenses and Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriations of
$1,214,800 and $1,806,300 respectively. The increases will allow the Agency to
undertake risk management action, primarily under Section 6, on the eight chemicals
now in some stage of regulatory development and maintain a risk management program
which can continue to deal with identified existing chemicals problems. It will
also allow EPA to keep pace with the amount of test data being produced as a result
of Congressionally mandated testing programs, such as the TSCA Section 4 Program
and the National Toxicology Program (NTP). The 1985 program strikes a balance
between new and existing chemical responsibilities, allowing EPA to respond
appropriately on new chemicals while maintaining our responsibility to environ-
mental quality by controlling or reducing the risks from existing chemicals.
In the last few years, in recognition of the need for assessment of toxic
chemical risks to humans and the environment, the Congress has supported a number
of programs to generate the toxicity data needed for risk assessment. Congress
established the testing program under Section 4 of TSCA for this purpose. Simi-
larly, it has created the NTP and supported testing under other Federal agencies'
programs. This Federal activity has, in turn, prompted industry to do more testing,
sponsored both by individual companies and by industry consortia. These various
programs are now producing data and identifying candidates for risk assessment.
These test results must be analyzed first to put in priority order those chemicals
for which data indicate significant potential risk and then to perform in-depth
risk assessments on those for which controls may be needed.
With 60,000 chemicals currently in commercial use it is important to establish
priorities. TSCA has a series of natural screening mechanisms. Section 8(e)
notices of substantial risk, Section 21 petitions, Section 4 test data, as well as
Section 8 reporting rules all feed data on existing chemicals into the risk identi-
fication process. The new chemicals program is also a screening mechanism in that
new chemical categories are usually minor variants of existing chemicals; i.e.,
chemicals that surface as problems in the new chemical review process often point
to problems with existing chemicals. NTP testing and broad-based monitoring
studies also identify existing chemical problems. These programs identify chemi-
cals which are a high priority for data development or which have adequate hazard
data to support assessment. Once necessary data are available, the Agency must
act quickly to evaluate this information and take action where necessary. These
mechanisms identify 50-60 chemicals per year for evaluation.
The Agency's risk evaluation efforts will continue to focus on specific areas
of concern. Chemicals will proceed through a series of information-gathering stages
designed to enable rational decisions as to whether additional data or regulatory
actions are needed. Chemicals will be dropped from review if no significant risk
is found. All decisions will be documented. Chemical-specific monitoring studies
will be conducted on chemicals when exposure data are needed to support regulatory
decisions. EPA will use the information-gathering authorities of TSCA to require
industry to report additional information on existing chemicals about which there
is concern.
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The major Section 8(a) Preliminary Assessment Rule and Section 8(d) Health
and Safety Study Rule promulgated in previous years will be amended to add chemi-
cals designated for testing by the Interagency Testing Committee (ITC). By amend-
ing these broad information-gathering rules to include chemicals on each new ITC
list, EPA assures a steady flow of information into its existing chemicals program.
The Agency will begin to use Section 8(c) records of alleged adverse reactions as
a significant source of data for the existing chemicals program. Section 8 will
also be used to update production Information on a selected segment of existing
chemicals on the TSCA inventory.
In 1985, EPA will be involved in risk management actions on eight existing
chemicals: asbestos, PCBs, MBOCA, MOA, 1-3 butadiene, glycol ethers, cutting
fluids, and toluenediamines (TDA). Asbestos has been subject to regulatory in-
vestigations for several years. EPA now has adequate data for major rulemaking on
this very hazardous and widely used substance. We plan to issue a final rule on
several asbestos product categories that account for over 50 percent of the asbestos
fiber consumption; we also plan to issue a proposed Section 6 rule imposing a
staged production cap on all remaining uses of asbestos.
EPA also plans to issue final Section 6 rules on two chemicals, 4,4'-methy-
lene Bis (2-Chloran1l1ne), commonly known as MBOCA, and 4,4'-methylenedianiline,
commonly known as MDA. Me will begin development of a rule to reduce the risks
posed by glycol ether solvents, with proposal expected in early 1986. EPA will
also propose rules on 1,3-butadiene and on cutting fluids. The Agency will also
issue a final rule on PCBs, addressing the hazards posed by fires evolving from
electrical transformers that contain PCBs. A negotiated rulemaking on toluene-
di amines should be completed this year.
The Agency also is responsible for assisting the industry and the public in
understanding what the rule requires (i.e., the exemption provisions of the PCB,
CFC, and dloxin rules). The 1985 activities in this area will Include the re-
view of requests for permits to dispose of PCBs in mobile incinerators or by
other means, as well as review of requests for exemptions to Section 6 rules on
PCBs and CFCs. Participation on the Federal Asbestos Task Force and the provision
of assistance and information on asbestos through the Asbestos Technical Assistance
Program will also continue.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $10,688,500 supported by 103.0
total workyears to this program. Of this total, $4,609,700 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $6,078,800 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. In 1984, the Agency will maintain the momentum gained in 1983 when
it put in place an integrated existing chemicals risk evaluation and control pro-
gram. The assessment of existing chemicals is a five-phase process designed to
focus on specific effects of concern. In the first phase, EPA uses TSCA's basic
screening mechanisms to choose the chemicals that should be further evaluated.
Approximately 60 chemicals are in one of the evaluation stages (phases 2-4)
at any given time. The risk evaluation phases of the process include charac-
terization of the problem by looking at hazard and exposure information. Risk
reduction analyses focus on switching to substitutes, changing chemical handling
practices, required labeling, and the cost of implementing the various controls.
The final phase is risk management; when TSCA does not provide clear authority we
will work with other EPA offices and Federal agencies for risk reduction actions.
In 1984, the Agency will gather information on existing chemicals of concern
by triggering existing Section 8(a) and 8(d) rules upon receipt of each ITC list.
We will consider the use of Section 8 to update the TSCA inventory, as well as the
need for some broader Section 8(a) rules for chemicals being considered for Section
6 control. We will begin developing these strategies in 1984.
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The Agency will complete rulemaking on PCB Issues relating to the Environ-
mental Defense Fund suit on the 50 ppm cutoff for purposes of defining the presence
of PCBs. As a result, EPA will work on four rules in 1984 which deal with PCBs.
The third part of the PCB rule, which addresses uncontrolled uses of PCBs, will
be proposed and finalized by July 1984. In addition, EPA will begin development
of a regulation covering the risks posed by fires evolving from electrical trans-
formers that contain PCBs, finalize the reauthorization of PCBs in research and
development and microscopy, and finalize the PCB exemption rule.
In addition to the work on PCBs, EPA will begin work on Section 6 rules for
asbestos, MBOCA, and MDA. EPA will coordinate its rulemaking activities on
asbestos with other agencies through the Federal Asbestos Task Force. We will
also be analyzing comments recieved on the advance notices for MBOCA and MDA and
begin formulating our regulatory strategies.
The Agency will continue to assist industry and the public in understanding
and responding to existing chemical actions by continuing programs such as the
Asbestos-in-Schools Technical Assistance Program, the Brake Mechanics Program, and
the PCB Disposal Permitting program.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $10,931,700 supported by 114.5 total workyears,
of which $4,782,600 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $6,149,100
was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. The Agency's approach
to existing chemical control changed dramatically in 1983. EPA set up the Existing
Chemicals Task Force with responsibility for developing and puting into place a
project management system for evaluation and decision making on risks from existing
chemi cals.
During 1983 the existing chemicals program received and reviewed a substantial
amount of data on existing chemicals. The Section 4 negotiated testing program
resulted in submission of 200 completed test studies by industry. Section 8(a)
and Section 8(d) rules resulted in submission by the chemical industry of over
3,000 studies and reports on existing chemicals. Under the Section 8(e) substan-
tial risk notification program, EPA received 35 initial reports, 59 "for-your-
information" submissions, and 94 supplements related to previous initial reports.
Twenty-six NTP studies were also received and reviewed. Chemical Hazard Identifi-
cation Profile documents (CHIPs) were prepared for 20 of the chemicals.
The screening resulted in over 60 chemical evaluations. Approximately 30
chemicals were targeted for further analyses and decisions in 1984; eight chemicals
were moved into development of Section 5 or Section 8 rules; one chemical, MDA,
was identified as a Section 4(f) candidate; and five chemicals were moved into
regulatory development under Section 6. About 20 chemicals dropped from review.
In 1983, we amended the Section 8(a) Preliminary Assessment Reporting rule to
add chemicals from the 6th through the 9th and the llth and 12th ITC lists (the
10th ITC list was included as part of the initial Section 8(a) rule). We also
amended the Section 8(d) Health and Safety rule to include chemicals from the 6th
through 12th lists. EPA implemented another major TSCA information authority by
promulgating the Section 8(c) rule requiring that records be kept for 30 years on
allegations of significant adverse reactions.
During 1983 four final rules regarding PCBs were promulgated. The first rule
set numerical cutoffs (parts per million) for purposes of defining the absence of
PCBs in releases from closed and controlled waste processes. This rule also adds
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additional disposal mechanisms to the list of acceptable mechanisms for the dis-
posal of controlled waste containing PCBs up to 50 parts per million. The second
rule pertained to PCB concentration in railroad transformers; the third, to
approval of disposal facilities; and the fourth to testing methods. Other risk
management actions include Advance Notices of Proposed Rulemaking on MDA and MBOCA.
EPA also proposed its first followup actions on existing chemicals. Chlor-
inated napthalenes (CNs) and chlorinated terphenyls (CTs) were designated for
Section 4 testing consideration by the ITC. However, the use of CNs has declined
to low levels, and CTs are no longer used in the United States. As a result, EPA
concluded that test rules were not justified at this point. To ensure against
renewed production or expansion of current uses without adequate review, the Agency
will track these chemicals through followup rules. A Section 8(a) rule was pro-
posed to require manufacturers or importers of CTs to report certain information
on existing or proposed production; a proposed rule under Section 5(a)(2) was
published. Under this rule any domestic manufacture of CN or any cumulative
manufacture or import over 100,000 pounds a year is considered a "significant new
use" and subject to EPA review under Section 5.
NEW CHEMICAL REVIEW I
1985 Program Request i
The Agency requests a total of $15,140,400 supported by 216.6 total workyears
for this program, of which $9,002,700 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $6,137,700 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. This
represents an increase of 8.8 total workyears and increases of $729,800 in Salaries
and Expenses, and $753,000 in Abatement, Control and Compliance. These increases
will enable EPA to initiate a program addressing the coverage under TSCA of genet-
ically engineered materials. Commercial use of biotechnical substances is not
covered under any other Federal regulation, and significant risk may be associated
with some of the uses of these substances, particularly as a result of their release
into the environment.
In 1985", the review~of ~new~chemicais~continue₯" to~be "a" high Agency "priority.
All new chemicals will be subjected to a thorough review to ensure that health and
environmental risks are adequately controlled. This includes premanufacture no-
tices, test market exemption applications, and, if applicable, Section 5(h)(4)
exemption notices. Conservative estimates suggest that about 1,650 new chemicals
will be submitted for review in 1985; this reflects an increase over past years.
About 180 chemicals will raise sufficient health or environmental concerns to
require a detailed review to characterize their risk; about 120 new chemicals will
require some control action by the Agency. Agency control actions include volun-
tary actions such as testing, exposure controls, or withdrawal of the PMN by the
manufacturer, the use of Section 5(e) consent orders which allow some commercial-
ization with tight controls while data are developed, a ban on chemical production
pending data development, or the development of controlled use regulations on
the chemical.
In addition, EPA expects to receive 80 test marketing exemption (TME)
applications. These applications are reviewed to determine that the substance
will not present an unreasonable risk to human health or the environment under the
test marketing conditions. The burden is on the exemption applicant to provide
sufficient information to make the "no unreasonable risk" finding or EPA will deny
the request. In the past, EPA has denied or modified approximately 10 percent of
incoming TMEs.
Since the number of new chemicals being introduced and requiring some" EPA
control continues to grow, we must look for ways to expedite our reviews so that
other aspects of the program, such as followup, PMN rule clarification, and bio-
technology, also receive adequate attention. One of the major deterrents to ex-
peditious review is lack of adequate information with the premanufacture notice.
In 1985, EPA will look for ways to address this problem. One of the approaches
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being considered is pre-notice communication with past submitters to discuss their
new product line and to clarify EPA's PMN data requirements. This should result
in more adequate PMN data submissions and enable more PMN reviews. Eventually,
this approach is also expected to reduce the number of detailed reviews and control
actions.
We will continue our case-by-case followup program using the significant new
use authority of Section 5(a)(2) and the Section 8(a) information gathering author-
ity. We will issue "significant new use" rules for new chemicals on which a
Section 5(e) order is issued. This will impose on all manufacturers and processors
the same restrictions which have been imposed on the premanufacture notice submitter.
We also plan to finalize a general Section 8(a) reporting rule that would require
companies to submit reports on new chemicals when they reach a given annual pro-
duction volume. Additional options will be examined for obtaining more data as
chemicals prove to be commercially viable. This broad approach to followup will
provide added protection to public health and the environment.
EPA will develop a rule under Section 5(b)(4) of TSCA, which authorizes EPA to
create a list of chemical substances or categories of chemicals that have been de-
termined to present (or may present) unreasonable risks during manufacture, process-
ing, distribution in commerce, use, or disposal. If a PMN is submitted for a
chemical category which has been included on the "risk list," this rule would
require the PMN submitter to furnish data which shows that the substance does not
present an unreasonable risk.
In 1985, EPA will explore ways to more effectively communicate to industry and
the public the technical rationale for its decisions on new chemicals. Along
these lines, the Agency will begin to prepare advisory circulars on new chemicals.
These advisories will summarize data requirements or controls needed on specific
categories of new chemicals, describe the rationale for specific decisions on
controversial cases, and announce decisions or legal interpretations related to
new chemical reviews. To the extent that EPA can articulate its decisions and
concerns, it can provide the chemical industry with important insight into how the
Agency has dealt with specific issues and promote greater public oversight of new
chemical reviews.
In 1985, we will be evaluating living, genetically engineered organisms
(biotechnology) under Section' 5 of TSCA. Biotechnology has until very recently
been a laboratory-scale phenomenon; however, commercial uses potentially subject
to TSCA regulation are now under development. Significant risk may be associated
with some of the uses of these organisms, particularly as a result of their release
into the environment.
We will proceed to develop appropriate risk assessment techniques and testing
protocols applicable to reviewing these biotechnical materials within the statutory
90-day period. However, we must develop the appropriate techniques and models
for analyzing the hazards of these unique substances, change our current modeling
approach from physical-chemical properties to predicting fate in the environment,
and deal with the unique cost/benefit issues which these substances will raise.
As with the PMN review process, the process for reviewing biotechnical materials
will be refined as we gain experience and establish operating policies for ad-
dressing the risks posed by these materials.
1984 Program
In 1984 the Agency is allocating a total of $13,657,600 supported by 207.8
total workyears to this program. Of this $8,272,900 is for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation and $5,384,700 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation. With these resources, the Agency will maintain aggressive new
chemical review and followup programs. We will act quickly to identify potential
problems or data gaps using the authority of Section 5(e) flexibly to induce data
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development and to control exposure. In 1984, we anticipate receiving 1,450
premanufacture notices, of which about 100 will require some form of Agency con-
trol, either voluntary or formal. We will review 80 test market exemption requests
submitted to the Agency pursuant to Section 5(h)(l), either granting or denying
the request within the 45 days mandated by TSCA. As in the past the applicant
must provide sufficient information to the Agency to support a finding of no un-
reasonable risk, or the application will be denied.
EPA will continue to implement its strategy to track new chemicals after
commercialization, using both the Section 5(a)(2) significant new use rule and
Section 8(a) provisions of TSCA. EPA will track new uses of chemicals with toxi-
city or exposure concerns, as well as new chemicals which are subject to consent
or formal Section 5(e) orders. This extends the conditions of the Section 5(e)
order to all manufacturers or processors of these chemicals, which otherwise could
be marketed without restriction. We plan to supplement our case-by-case followup
program with a broader approach by developing a general Section 8(a) reporting
rule. This rule, to be proposed this year and finalized in 1985, will require
companies to submit reports when production volume reaches a given annual rate.
EPA will continue to work toward promulgation of the three pending Section
5(h)(4) exemption rules proposed in 1983. These broad-based exemption categories
include site-limited intermediates (chemicals that react with other chemicals at
their plant site), chemicals that are produced in small amounts (i.e., less than
10,000 kg/yr.), and certain polymers. Once these rules are promulgated, about 36
percent of the new chemical submissions will be eligible for a shortened review
under one of these rules.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $13,532,200 supported by 201.2 total workyears
for this program, of which $7,664,600 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $5,867,600 was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
EPA has taken major steps over the last year toward fully implementing the new
chemicals program. The final PMN rule, together with a mandatory notice form, was
issued in 1983. Most provisions of the rule became effective; however, provisions
which cover exemptions for research and development activities, the definition
of possession and control, and the data requirements on related chemicals were
stayed by EPA pending further review. With its experience in new chemical review
and regulation, EPA can now act more quickly to identify potential problems or
gaps in data. This stems partly from the refinement of the program but also
reflects better EPA data bases and more communication with submitters.
Since the beginning of the program, EPA has received more than 3,000 PMNs.
During that time EPA has issued 14 Section 5(e) orders banning or controlling
exposure to 27 chemicals pending the development of additional data (ten of these
orders covering 16 chemicals were issued in 1983), and required testing on 53
substances in light of EPA concerns. Another 24 notices were withdrawn in light
of EPA concerns. In 1983, EPA acted on 81 test market exemption applications of
which 74 were granted, two denied, and five were withdrawn in anticipation of EPA
action.
In one major new chemical action that year, EPA reviewed a notice submitted
by Union Oil Company on a wide range of new synthetic fuels to be derived from oil
shale in the nation's first oil shale project. EPA and Union Oil entered into a
Section 5(e) consent agreement that requires controls on workplace exposure and
environmental release and limits the overall production of shale oil until long-
term toxicity testing is completed and reviewed.
TS-40
-------
Since the beginning of the PMN review program the Agency had identified ap-
proximately 275 chemicals as requiring followup. This backlog of chemicals was
reviewed to determine whether toxicity and exposure warranted followup action.
The Agency also prepared documentation explaining why no action was taken on
chemicals for which it found no regulatory action was necessary. EPA also adopted
a practice of issing significant new use rules, called SNURs, in conjunction with
Section 5(e) orders, and proposed three significant new use rules covering five
chemicals. One rule covers two chemicals which had been subject to Section 5(e)
orders, and two rules cover three chemicals which were identified from the followup
backlog. Another six rules (covering 12 chemicals) were developed with publication
expected in early 1984.
EPA evaluated comments received from the public on its proposal to exempt
broad categories of new chemicals from full PMN review. Three Section 5(h)(4)
rules were proposed in 1983 covering site-limited intermediates, low volume chemi-
cals, and certain polymers. EPA developed final rules based on comments received.
TS-41
-------
Enforcement
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
TOXIC SUBSTANCES TS-1
ENFORCEMENT
Toxic Substances Enforcement TS-43
Toxic Substances Enforcement TS-45
Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants TS-48
TS-42
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
a
I
Toxic Substances
Enforcement
Salaries & Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
$2,877.2 $3,579.2 $3,680.8 $3,523.0
$207.0 $207.0 $769.5 $769.5
TOTAL $3,084.2 $3,786.2 $4,450.3 $4,292.5
Toxic Substances
Enforcement Grants
Abatement Control and
Compliance
TOTAL
$500.0
$500.0
$500.0
$500.0
$5,351.2 $1,828.2
$1,269.5 $500.0
$6,620.7 $2,328.2
$500.0
$500.0
TOTAL:
Salaries * Expenses
Abatement Control and
Compliance
Toxic Substances
Enforcement
$2,877.2 $3,579.2 $3,680.8 $3,523.0
$207.0 $207.0 $1,269.5 $1,269.5
TOTAL $3,084.2 $3,786.2 $4,950.3 $4,792.5
$5,351.2 $1,828.2
$1,769.5 $500.0
$7,120.7 $2,328.2
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Toxic Substances
Enforcement
70.1
87.1
91.6
91.6
129.7
38.1
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
70.1
87.1
91.6
91.6
129.7
38.1
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL IIORKYEARS
Toxic Substances 78.3 89.0 93.8 93.8 134.8 41.0
Enforcement
TOTAL WORKYEARS 78.3 89.0 93.8 93.8 134.8 41.0
-------
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Substances Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,120,700 supported by 134.8 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $2,328,200 and 41.0 total workyears from 1984. Included
in this total is $5,351,200 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an in-
crease of $1,828,200, and $1,769,500 for the Abatement, Control and Compliance
appropriation, an increase of $500,000.
Program Description
This subactivity supports all compliance monitoring and compliance assistance
activities under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), including support for
regulation development, Regional compliance monitoring and case development, Re-
gional PCB disposal permitting efforts, and management and oversight of State
grant programs.
Toxic Substances Enforcement The Toxic Substances Enforcement program en-
sure s"ToiiipTi^n^e~~wTtF~T§CirTnd related rules and regulations. Headquarters and
Regional offices play distinct but complementary roles in the program's operation.
Headquarters provides enforcement support to the TSCA regulatory development
process; designs, implements, and oversees compliance monitoring activities by
developing guidance, strategies, and procedures; and provides technical compliance
assistance and technical support to case development and prosecution activities.
Regional offices respond to special risk situations; inspect facilities that
manufacture, process, distribute, or use new or specifically regulated chemicals;
and monitor laboratories performing tests pursuant to TSCA testing rules or volun-
tary testing agreements. Regional offices also assist the regulated community in
complying with all applicable TSCA regulations and seek voluntary remedial action
in lieu of enforcement prosecution where appropriate. In cases where voluntary
compliance is not achieved, Regional personnel prepare and issue notices of viola-
tion and administrative orders. The enforcement program assists and supports the
Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring (OECM) in the development of civil
and criminal referrals.
Toxic Substances Enforcement Grants This program provides financial assist-
ance to State agencies to develop and operate toxic substances compliance monitor-
ing programs, in cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency, especially
in the area of control of existing chemicals. This program permits wider coverage
of the regulated community without requiring additional Federal personnel.
TOXIC SUBSTANCES ENFORCEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,620,700 supported by 134.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $5,351,200 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $1,269,500 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
These are increases of $1,828,200 and 41.0 total workyears for Salaries and
Expenses and $500,000 for Abatement, Control and Compliance. These increases will
enable the Regional offices to expand their activities in the areas of PCB and
asbestos compliance monitoring and case development. Contract support includes
data processing support for the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide
Act (FIFRA) and TSCA Enforcement System (FATES), the computer system used to main-
tain compliance data.
TS-45
-------
In 1985, there will be an overall increase in the areas of PCB compliance
monitoring and case development. Regional offices will increase inspections of
facilities subject to regulations for PCB marking and disposal as well as the PCB
ban. The increased effort will be targeted at those industries that have exhibited
high violation rates of the PCB regulations. The personnel increase will also be
directed toward increased case development activity.
The Regions will conduct followup or supplemental inspections in support of
the asbestos-in-schools rule, although most asbestos-in-schools compliance monitor-
ing inspections will be conducted using extramural funding. This funding, which
will increase in 1985, will support reviews of records maintained by local educa-
tion agencies to ensure inspections are conducted to detect friable asbestos. Also
in the asbestos area, technical assistance and training in asbestos abatement efforts
will be provided under contract for State and local government personnel and for
owners and managers of public and commercial buildings.
The Regional offices will conduct 1) good laboratory practice (GLP) and test
rule inspections, 2) inspections to determine compliance with new chemical regula-
tions, 3) inspections under TSCA reporting requirements, 4) import inspections,
5) export inspections, and 6) inspections in support of the chlorofluorocarbon
(CFC) ban and the dioxin regulation. The Regional offices will provide management
and oversight of compliance monitoring activities of those States participating
in the TSCA State grant program. The Regional offices will be responsible for
the review and approval of PCB landfills and unique design stationary PCB inciner-
ators, PCB disposal site monitoring and liaison activities (e.g., public hearings)
associated with PCB disposal. Under the Existing Chemical Review Program, the
Office of Toxic Substances will issue permits to all chemical and biological destruc-
tion systems, all mobile incinerators, and all stationary PCB incinerators that
are not of a unique design.
Headquarters staff will participate in TSCA rulemaking activities and will
develop compliance strategies and enforcement response policies for each new
regulation. Headquarters will provide support for Regional compliance monitoring,
voluntary compliance assistance, and case development activities under Sections 4,
5, 6, 8, 12, and 13. Headquarters will continue to manage the overall program
through appropriate guidance and Regional "reviews", including"on-sight program
evaluation. Headquarters will also be responsible for managing the extramural
funding of compliance monitoring inspections in support of the asbestos-in-schools
rule. The Toxic Substances Enforcement program will also prepare and issue notices
of violation and administrative orders and will provide technical assistance and
support to OECM in the prosecution of civil and criminal cases as warranted.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,292,500 supported by 93.8
total workyears, of which $3,523,000 is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $769,500 is for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation.
The Regional program will inspect for compliance and will provide direct
assistance to firms seeking to voluntarily comply with TSCA requirements. Where
violations are detected, EPA will encourage firms to take specific remedial actions
to achieve compliance. If compliance is not achieved, Regional offices will pre-
pare and issue notices of violation and administrative orders and will develop
and prosecute cases, as warranted. The Agency will give priority to situations
involving substantial threats to human health and the environment.
The Regional offices will conduct inspections to determine compliance with
Section 4 testing; Section 5 new chemical regulations; Section 6 chemical control
rules including PCB marking and disposal, the PCB ban, the CFC rule, asbestos-in-
schools rule, and other enforceable rules; Section 8 reporting rules; Section 12
TS-46
-------
export requirements; and Section 13 import requirements. In the asbestos area,
technical assistance and training in asbestos abatement efforts will be provided
under contract for State and local government personnel and for owners and managers
of public and commercial buildings. Regional offices will provide oversight and
management for the State grant program. The Regional offices will also be respon-
sible for PCB site disposal monitoring, liaison functions associated with PCB
disposal, and the review and approval of PCB landfills and unique-design stationary
PCB incinerators.
Headquarters will manage and execute national programs to monitor compliance
with test rules and voluntary testing agreements under Section 4, new chemical
regulations under Section 5, Section 6 chemical control rules, Section 8 reporting
regulations, Section 12 export notice requirements, and Section 13 import require-
ments. Headquarters is responsible for managing the extramural funding of com-
pliance monitoring inspections under the asbestos-in-schools program. Headquarters
will also participate in regulation development directed by the Office of Toxic
Substances.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$157,800 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$157,800) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$500 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. This reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$157,300, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $3,084,200 supported by 78.3 total workyears,
of which $2,877,200 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $207,000
was for the Abatement, Control and Compliance appropriation. Extramural funds
provided compliance inspection support, chemical analysis of samples, and data
processing support.
Regional office staff responded to special risk incidents, inspected PCB and
CFC establishments, conducted compliance monitoring activities to support Section 5
premanufacture notification review and Section 8(e) substantial risk notification,
and developed and prosecuted enforcement cases upon detection of serious violations,
including those originating from State-conducted inspections. The Agency issued
administrative orders in 294 cases and issued 372 notices of warning. The Agency
also referred five criminal and three civil cases to the Department of Justice.
Headquarters assisted in developing new rules and regulations, including
Section 4 GLPs; significant new use rules (SNURs) and the premanufacture notifi-
cation (PMN) rule under Section 5; Section 5(e) orders; the PCB electrical equip-
ment rule and the asbestos-in-schools rule under Section 6; the Level A chemical
information rule and asbestos reporting rule under Section 8(a); Section 8(c)
recordkeeping regulations; and Section 13 import regulations. Draft compliance
monitoring strategies were completed for Sections 8(c), 8(d), and 8(e). The Head-
quarters compliance monitoring staff developed enforcement response policies for
dioxin, asbestos-in-schools, and settlement with conditions for remittance of
assessed penalties. Compliance monitoring staff developed inspection targeting
guidance for compliance monitoring associated with Sections 5, 6, and 8 (including
dioxins, CFCs, and asbestos-in-schools). Enforcement actions on seven PMN cases
were taken resulting from cases being developed by Headquarters staff. Assistance
was also provided to Regional offices in the development, and prosecution of,
enforcement cases under Sections 6 and 8(e).
TS-47
-------
ENERGY
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
ENERGY E-l
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Multi-Media Energy E-5
E-l
-------
ENERGY
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
Salaries & Expenses $4,720.7 $3,694.1 $4,122.7 $3,975.5 $4,183.5 $208.0
Research & Development $21.996.2 $19,836.0 $26,367.0 $26,474.3 $5,500.0 $44,320.0 $17,845.7
TOTAL Energy $26,716.9 $23,530.1 $30,489.7 $30,449.8 $5,500.0 $48,503.5 $18,053.7
PERMANENT WORKYEARS 57.8 36.8 44.1 44.1 52.0 7.9
TOTAL WORKYEARS 82.9 54.9 65.9 65.9 72.6 6.7
OUTLAYS $64,779.0 $42,153.0 $35,718.5 $35,737.5 $1,100.0 $40,283.2 $4,545.7
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS Authorization for Energy Is under the RSD Act which expired September 30, 1981.
Reauthorlzatlon pending.
-------
ENERGY
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The overall goal of the Energy research and development program is to provide
the scientific and technical Information necessary to support the Agency's permit-
ting and standard setting processes and allow for the development and utilization
of energy sources 1n an environmentally acceptable manner. Research will be con-
ducted to better understand the phenomena of add deposition; provide add deposi-
tion Information upon which mitigation decisions may be made; expand EPA's know-
ledge of the performance, reliability, and cost of the limestone Injection multi-
stage burner (LIMB) control technology; enhance the Agency's knowledge of the po-
tential health and environmental effects of emerging energy technologies; and,
characterize and evaluate synthetic fuels discharges.
ACID RAIN
The Energy Security Act of 1980 (Title VII of P.L. 96-294) established the
Interagency Task Force on Add Precipitation to develop and Implement a coordinated
National Add Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP). The purpose of the NAPAP
Is to Increase the understanding of the causes and effects of add deposition so
that reliable Information can be provided to policy-makers, and timely, cost-
effective decisions formulated for managing acid deposition. EPA 1s one of three
joint chairs of the Interagency Task Force which Is responsible for NAPAP and has
the lead role 1n several acid deposition research areas: aquatic effects, control
technology, and policy assessment.
Many questions still remain unanswered about the causes, effects, and methods
of mitigating or controlling add deposition. The objective of our add deposition
research is to develop the necessary data to fully understand the sources and char-
acteristics of acid deposition as well as the extent of damages or potential damage.
This information 1s essential in developing effective, scientifically sound, reg-
ulatory policies.
For program purposes, add deposition research activities can be described
by five generic categories: man-made sources; atmospheric processes; deposition
monitoring; environmental effects; and assessment and policy analysis. Research
in the man-made sources area are designed to accurately estimate the emissions of
major pollutants to add deposition. Research efforts in the atmospheric processes
area are designed to address the atmospheric transport, physical and chemical
transformation, and deposition processes of acid deposition pollutants. In deposi-
tion monitoring, efforts are designed to quantify deposition of acid materials with
sufficient accuracy to establish cause and effect relationships, and to provide
information for the analysis of the effects of acid deposition. In the area of
environmental effects, research projects are being conducted to define the Impact
of acid deposition on aquatic systems, crops, forests and soils, and man-made
materials. Finally, the policy analysis research effort 1s designed to perform
integrated assessments, linking all of the generic acid deposition research areas.
LIMB CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
A second major research area is the development of performance, reliability,
and cost data to accelerate the commercialization of Innovative or cost-effective
energy-related pollution control technologies. The thrust in this area is the
development of the limestone injection multistage burner (LIMB) emission reduction
technology. The LIMB is a technology which combines S02 control with simultaneous
NOX control by mixing coal and limestone together, pulverizing the mixture and
combusting the mixture in a low NOX burner. This technology can potentially
lower the capital cost to Industry of SOX control by a factor of 3 to 4 and
annual operating costs of 50 percent.
E-3
-------
SYNTHETIC FUELS
A third major research activity is the development and evaluation of data on
the health and environmental impacts of pollutants associated with synthetic fuel
processes; the characterization of discharges, and the assessment of emission re-
duction technology options for mitigating these impacts. These efforts will assist
industry and permitting officials in identifying problems which might impede the
commercialization of the industry, while at the same time, ensuring the quality of
the envi ronment.
E-4
-------
Research and
Development
-------
ENERGY
Multi-Media Energy
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
Acid Rain
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Health Effects
Salaries & Expenses
Research 8 Development
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Salaries & Expenses
Research & Development
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Research & Development
TOTAL
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$820.
$12,250.
$13,070.
$493.
$1,584.
$2,078.
$3,406.
$7,580.
$10,986.
$581.
$581.
4
3
7
9
8
7
4
1
5
0
0
$13
$14
$1
$2
$2
$4
$7
$492.
,546.
4
0
,038.4
$662.
,704.
,366.
,539.
,585.
,124.
1
7
8
6
3
9
$590.5
$14,796.0
$15,386.5
$644.2
$1,704.7
$2,348.9
$2,888.0
$9,585.3
$12,473.3
$281.0
$281.0
$590.5
$14,784.3
$15,374.8
$644.2
$1,704.7
$2,348.9
$2,740.8
$9,585.3
$12,326.1
$400.0
$400.0
$5,500.0 $33
$5,500.0 $34
$1
$2
$2
$9
$11
$952.
,412.
,365.
$549.
,654.
,203.
,681.
,252.
,934.
5
5
0
2
7
9
8
8
6
$362.0
$18,628.2
$18,990.2
-$95.0
-$50.0
-$145.0
-$59.0
-$332.5
-$391.5
-$400.0
-$400.0
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses $4,720.7 $3,694.1 $4,122.7 $3,975.5 $4,183.5 $208.0
Research & Development $21,996.2 $19,836.0 $26,367.0 $26,474.3 $5,500.0 $44,320.0 $17,845.7
Multi-Media Energy TOTAL $26,716.9 $23,530.1 $30,489.7 $30,449.8 $5,500.0 $48,503.5 $18,053.7
-------
ENERGY
Hulti-Media Energy
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Acid Rain
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Acid Rain
Health Effects
Environmental Engineering
10.3
4.6
42.9
57.8
15.3
8.8
58.8
7.0
3.1
26.7
36.8
8.0
9.2
37.7
8.7
1.9
33.5
44.1
13.0
8.0
44.9
8.7
1.9
33.5
44.1
13.0
8.0
44.9
15.7
3.1
33.2
52.0
19.7
8.0
44.9
7.0
1.2
-.3
7.9
6.7
& Technology
TOTAL WORKYEARS
82.9
54.9
65.9
65.9
72.6
6.7
-------
ENERGY
Multi-Media Energy
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
Major Outputs/Milestones 1983 1984 1985
Develop Understanding of Acid Rain
Needed for Assessments and Policy
Analysis
Report presenting the
historic data base
(S02, NOX) 4/84 4/84
Report on data analysis
technique to determine
relative source
contributions 6/84 6/84
Prototype industrial
combustion emissions model 5/85 5/85
Transport, chemistry and
precipitation modules for
nonlinear model 6/84
Ambient Air Monitoring
Prototype Network to verify
source/receptor models 6/85 6/85
Develop improved dry
deposition monitor 9/84 9/84
Full complement of
wet deposition stations 8/85 8/85
Procedures for determining
the accuracy of acid precip-
itation measurements 9/84 9/84
Regional Sensitivity
Geochemical Model 12/84 12/84 12/84
Preliminary Report of
National Lake Survey 4/85 4/85
Report describing long-term
changes in forest tree growth
associated with acid
deposition 10/84 10/84 10/84
Report on effects of
exposure to various
environments 10/84 10/84 10/84
Finalization of Materials
Inventory Coefficients
matrix for North America 8/84 8/84
E-7
-------
Major Outputs/Milestones
Report on effects of acid rain on
tree growth and soils
Develop Health and Environmental Risk
Analysis in Support of EIS and Permitting
- Prepare a workshop report on
chemical dosimetry
- Report on upgraded health and
environmental risk analysis for
three synfuel technologies
- Complete user's guide for
health and environmental risk
analysis methodologies for
complex mixtures
Develop and Evaluate LIMB Control
Technology
- Document sorbent-reaction
kinetics
- Document LIMB wall-fired boilers,
pilot-scaled development; and
prototype scale testing
- Document scale-up criteria for
retrofit burners for wall-fired
boilers
- Document LIMB generic engineering
design-analysis
- Select demonstration site and co-
sponsor
- Fix design for wall-fired demonstration
Evaluate Impacts of Energy Development
in Cold Climate
- Evaluation of automotive CO emission
control techniques at low temperatures
- Users manual on the effects of oil and
gas development on tundra wetlands
- Effects of turbidity in the water column
resulting from placer mining operations
Actual
1983
Amendment/
Current
Estimate Estimate
1984 1985
9/84
12/85
6/86
3/85
9/85
9/84
3/85
12/85
12/85
6/86
3/85
9/85
1/85
6/85
3/85
12/85
12/85
6/86
3/85
9/85
1/85
6/85
4/84
9/85
4/85
9/85
4/85
E-8
-------
ENERGY
Multl-Media Energy
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $48,503,500 supported by 72.6 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $18,053,700 from 1984. Included in this total is
$4,183,500 for Salaries and Expenses and $44,320,000 for Research and Development,
with an increase of $208,000 and $17,845,700, respectively. This substantial
increase reflects the Agency's efforts to better understand the acid rain pheno-
menon.
Program Description
The Multi-Media Energy program addresses those problems originating from
energy sources which have the potential to adversely affect the environment in one
or more media. The primary goal of this program is to provide the scientific
information necessary to permit the development and utilization of this nation's
natural resources in an environmentally acceptable manner. The Multi-Media Energy
research program has eleven (11) major objectives which support this goal. The
first seven of these objectives are in direct support of the Acid Deposition
program.
Objective 1. Estimate Emissions from Man-Made Sources. This research will
allow us to better understand and simulate the complex relationships among emis-
sions resulting from man's activities, both historically and currently, to accur-
ately estimate the emissions of major pollutants related to add deposition.
Objective 2. Understand Atmospheric Processes. This work will provide a
better understanding of the atmospheric transport, physical and chemical transfor-
mation, and deposition processes of pollutants emitted to the atmosphere.
Objectives. Establish Deposition Monitoring Data Bases. Thi s research
will quantify wet and dry deposition of add materials, both spatially and tempor-
ally, with sufficient resolution to establish cause and effect relationships. In
addition, research will provide Input to effects studies and to evaluate component
models.
Objective 4. Understand and Quantify Aquatic Effects. This work will enable
us to quantify the impactsof acidification on representative aquatic systems
through the development of dose/response relationships and to apply these data to
the development of appropriate mitigative measures.
Objective 5. Understand and Quantify Terrestrial Effects. We will develop
acid deposition dose/response relationships for various wild and cultivated plant
species and more accurately estimate material transport through soils to aquatic
systems.
Objective 6. Understand and Quantify Effects on Materials and Cultural
Resources.This research will determine how materials are damaged from acid depo-
sition. This includes determining those materials and resources at risk and
developing the information required to differentiate the effects of acid deposition
from the effects of other natural and man-made sources.
Objective 7. Assess Research Results and Data to Provide Information for
Policy Analysis. This work wTTT enable Els to integrate tRe acT3 deposition
research program effort and to provide information to decision-makers to formulate
appropriate actions for dealing with acid deposition issues on a timely and cost-
beneficial basis. Work in this objective will result In the building of a better
E-9
-------
framework for program decision-making; developing strategic policy and data systems
to meet policy-maker needs; and providing the scientific basis for evaluating
alternative systems of control and mitigation strategies.
Objective 8. Develop, Evaluate, and Document Limestone Injection Multi-Stage
Burner (LIMB) Control Technology. This work will allow us to develop and evaluate
an effective and inexpensive emission control technology that will simultaneously
remove sulfur oxides (SOX) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) from boiler flue gases of
pulverized coal boilers. This technology is based on the use of low-NOx combustion
techniques in combination with dry-sorbent (e.g., limestone) injection into the
combustion zone.
Objective 9. Develop Health and Environmental Risk Analyses In Support of
EIS and Permitting Activities.This research is to develop and validate a scien-
tifically reliable risk analysis procedure for complex mixtures, to provide an
evaluation of the potentially adverse effects of high priority synthetic fuel
processes, and to assess the needs and benefits of pollution control.
Objective 10. Characterize and Evaluate Synfuels Discharges and Control
Technologies.Research under this objective wincharacterize and quantify the
emissions and effluents from a variety of coal-based and oil shale synthetic fuel
processes; and identify and evaluate a variety of pollution control technologies
for these same processes. The program provides engineering assessments of the
cost, performance, and reliability of alternative control technologies for synthetic
fuel processes.
Objective 11. Evaluate Impacts of Energy Development in Cold Climates. This
work will provide information to better define the impacts of coal, oil and gas
development and atmospheric pollution on arctic and sub-arctic ecosystems and
propose mitigative measures. The program focuses on the State of Alaska where
natural resource development, and expanding population, and the extreme climate
pose unique environmental and health problems.
ACID RAIN
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $34,365,000 supported by 19.7 total workyears
for this program, of which $952,500 is for Salaries and Expenses and $33,412,500
is for Research and Development. This reflects an Increase over the enacted level
of $362,000 and $18,628,200, respectively. This substantial Increase, of 124
percent over the 1984 enacted level, will support several research Initiatives
including: 1) development of a comprehensive field study to better define the
acidic deposition transport and transformation phenomenon; 2) establishment of
monitoring stations to quantify air concentration levels for acid deposition precur-
sors; 3) enhancement of the National Trends Network; 4) establishment and testing
of a long-term monitoring system designed to provide advance warning of the acid-
ification of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems; 5) completion of a national survey
of lake chemistry to develop baseline information on the current status of lake
chemistry and, initiation of a similar survey for streams; 6) initiation of a
survey of forest damage; and, 7) initiation of an acid fog study to determine the
chemical and physical phenomenon of acid formation.
Estimate Emissions from Man-made Sources. Research projects will pursue the
following questions:1) What are the quantities and locations of sources of acid
deposition precursors 2) How will sources respond to different government policy
options? 3) What might be the levels of future emissions from major sources?
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Detailed emissions Inventories concentrating on SOX and NOX but expanding Into
volatile organic compounds (VOC's) will be compiled for use 1n advanced regional
models. Use of the Advanced Utility Simulation Model (AUSM) for a range of policy
options will begin. Industrial combustion emissions and industrial process emis-
sions will be developed to project SOX and NOX in 10 and 20 year scenarios.
This work will accelerate delivery of a complete emission inventory using a 1984
data base.
Understand Atmospheric Processes. Research in this area responds to such
questions as:"What sources are most responsible for deposition in areas sensitive
to acidification? and "Under what circumstances and 1n what proportions do local
and remote sources contribute to acid deposition?" To help answer these questions,
research will be designed to improve our capability to examine and predict the
transport of pollutants. The data from the Cross Appalachian Tracer Experiment will
be completed and new Instruments for measuring inter-layer atmospheric transport
in clouds will be field tested.
In 1985, we will plan an atmospheric field study using chemical tracers 1n
emissions, recently developed gas measuring instruments, and extensive conventional
monitoring 1n order to study empirically the movement and transformation of acids
and precursors from sources to receptors. To further understand what substances
1n the atmosphere determine the rate of formation of acid substances, laboratory
and field studies to Investigate the complex chemical changes and physical scavenging
that occur in the atmosphere, particularly in clouds, will be conducted. Modules
to characterize the chemistry and wet scavenging will be developed for the advanced
acid deposition regional model. New work 1n cloud chemistry, fog acidity and
ambient measurements will begin. Work on a meso-scale model to determine urban
Influences on add deposition will begin.
Establish Deposition Monitoring Data Base. In performing these monitoring
activities EPA will respond to such questions as: (1) How much acid and other
substances are being deposited 1n various regions of North America? (2) Is the
add rain problem getting better or worse? (3) What are the spatial and temporal
variations 1n deposition? and (4) What Is the relative Importance of wet and dry
deposition?
In 1985, our efforts to establish measurement techniques for dry deposition
will be increased significantly. EPA will continue to provide quality assurance
and to serve as a repository for the data from deposition monitoring networks in
the United States. Efforts will continue to develop more reliable, accurate and
precise methods for measuring the chemical composition of acid precipitation via a
full deployment of the national trends network.
Understand and Quantify Aquatic Effects. The aquatic effects program responds
to such questions as:(TJAt what time (e.g., 5 years, 20 years, 25 years, etc.)
1f ever, will irreversible damage occur in aquatic ecosystems? (2) What specifically
causes damage? (3) What are the magnitude and extent of the effects of acid dep-
osition occurring today and in the future? and (4) To what extent does acid dep-
deposition versus other types of acidification effect aquatic ecosystems?
In 1985, we will experimentally acidify a lake to study changes. Intensive
ecological monitoring to give advance warning of the onset of acidification
effects will begin. The second and third phases of the National Lake Survey to
monitor aquatic chemistry and biota for selected water bodies will begin.
E-ll
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Understand and Quantify Terrestrial Effects. This program will seek to answer
questions similar to those "of the aquatic effects program. To help understand the
magnitude and extent of acid deposition effects occurring today and in the future,
a wide variety of field and laboratory studies attempting to estimate and predict
the effects of acid precipitation on forests, rangelands, wetlands, wildlife and
crops will be conducted.
In 1985, the effects of soil infiltration, soil chemistry, weathering, metal
transport, exchange and depletion of nutrients and soil sensitivity will be
addressed. Similarly, further research is needed to understand the factors which
cause damages. Intensive ecological monitoring of terrestrial sites will have ob-
servation protocols designed to detect subtle changes in tree girth, seedling sur-
vival and other factors. This work will commence a national survey to detect subtle
changes that would give advance warning of acidification effects.
Understand and Quantify the Effects on Materials and Cultural Resources.
To respond to such questions as:"At what time, if ever, will irreversible damages
occur to materials?" and "What specifically causes damages?" The effects of acid
deposition on construction materials such as metals, masonry and some stone types
will be studied in both field and laboratory observation programs. By developing
an assay of materials at risk, the research program will have a better understanding
of the magnitude and extent of acid deposition effects occurring today and in the
future. In 1985, new work on damages to concrete and coatings will begin.
Integrate Research Assessment and Provide Information for Policy Analysis.
This program responds to questions that cut across severalresearch objectives and
relate to the decision-making needs of policy makers. In 1985, the following
projects will be supported: (1) development of advanced methods for performing
the integrated assessment function; (2) assessment of possible NOX control
strategies relative to possible S02 control strategies; (3) . operation of an
assessment data system to include sources, effects and economic estimates; (4) an
analysis of the effectiveness and costs of controlling damage at the receptor
sites versus control of emissions at source sites; and, (5) application of inte-
grated assessment methods for optimal mitigation solutions which combine a selection
of strategies and technologies. We will complete the 1985 assessment of the
physical damages related to acid deposition.
1984 Supplemental Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,500,000 for this program, all of which is
for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropriation.
The requested resources are for a National Lake Survey (1) to gain synoptic
data on a statistically balanced group of U.S. water bodies (2) to begin a three
phase survey that will sample a fraction of all lakes in the country. Data current-
ly available focuses on problem water bodies that scientists have selectively chosen
to study. There is no broad baseline of data from which to predict potential change
in lake chemistry. These funds will survey approximately 3000 lakes throughout
the country and include continuing study of some (100-500) lakes on a periodic
basis. The workplan of the National Lake Survey contemplates a preliminary report
of findings in March of 1985.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $15,374,800 and 13.0 total work-
years to this program, of which $590,500 is under the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation and $14,784,300 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Develop-
ment appropriation.
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Estimate Emissions from Man-Made Sources. Inventories of the man-made emis-
sions of acid rain precursors such as SOX and NOX and oxidant precursors such
as hydrocarbons are being analyzed and improved by EPA. In addition, models are
in use in trial simulations for electric utilities. Other important industrial
sectors will provide comprehensive costs and emission changes for alternative
control strategies.
Understand Atmospheric Processes. Our capability to examine and predict the
movement of air masses and pollutants through the use of tracer experiments and
computer modeling will increase. Laboratory and field studies are being conducted
to investigate the complex chemical and physical changes that occur in the atmosphere
and the role of oxidants in acid formation. An Advanced Acid Deposition Eulerian
model framework is being formulated to serve as the main integrating mechanism
for the atmospheric processes program.
Establish Deposition Monitoring Data Base. Monitoring networks are being
expanded, standardized and integrated into a well designed National Trends Network.
EPA has the role of providing quality assurance and serving as a resposltory of
data from which long-term trends will be documented and studied. EPA will test
several methods to measure dry deposition accurately. We will evaluate and deploy
new techniques at a limited number of National Trends Network stations so that the
amount and composition of dry deposition can be estimated reliably.
Understand and Quantify Aquatic Effects. Research is being conducted on
lakes, streams and wetlands to determine the factors controlling acidification. The
impacts on foodchains and organisms ranging from fish to microscopic plants are
being investigated. Surveys are being made of water resources, soils, geology and
other factors to improve our knowledge of what areas and resources may be vulnerable
to damage. The number of lakes, streams, and groundwaters that are susceptible to
acidification is being documented and the problems and techniques associated
with mitigating the effects are being investigated. Interim protocols for liming
and mitigation steps are being written.
Understand and Quantify Terrestrial Effects. The potential impacts of acid
deposition on forests,rangelands, wetlands, wildlife, crops and soils are being
studied. Emphasis is being placed on developing methods to estimate the historical
growth patterns in forests and to identify the significant parameters (e.g.,
precipitation, pH, plant age, climate) affecting growth.
Understand and Quantify the Effects on Materials and Cultural Resources. The
effects of acid deposition on materials such as building stone, metals, and paints
are being examined. Techniques to differentiate the effects of various pollutants
are being developed, and the cost of damage to man-made structures and cultural
resources is being estimated.
Integrate Research Assessments and Provide Information for Policy Analysis.
An in-depthCriticalAssessmentDocument67existingscientificinformationfs
being completed, and annual reports prepared by the Interagency Task Force on Acid
Precipitation, will be used to continually update the scientific base. Analyses
are being made of the effectiveness, costs and feasibility of controlling emissions
of acidic components, precursors and oxidants. New technology and diverse strate-
gies to control emissions are being examined and optimal solutions combining var-
ious technologies and strategies are being explored. EPA is developing an im-
proved methodology for integrated assessment of the acid deposition phenomenon.
This will allow cost/benefit comparisons of alternative mitigation measures.
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$11,700 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$11,700) A reprogrammlng was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogrammlng limitations. This change
resulted In a net decrease of -$11,700 to the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $13,070,700 and 15.3 total workyears
for this program, of which $820,400 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $12,250,300 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Estimate Emissions from Man-Made Sources. Accomplishments under this objec-
tive included testing an Advanced utilities simulation Model, using an operational
state level version of the model. The Agency completed an emissions Inventory as
well as an Inventory of emissions from utilities.
Understand Atmospheric Processes. The plan for an advanced regional add
deposition modelwas completedand work begun on computer coding. The Cross
Appalachian Tracer Experiment was run with successful releases and measurements of
Inert gases 1n the U.S. and Canada.
Establish Deposition Monitoring Data Bases. Efforts were concentrated In
three areas:(TJdetermining the accuracy and precision of procedures at existing
deposition monitoring sites; (2) expanding the number of stations in the National
Trends Network; and (3) evaluating techniques for estimating dry deposition.
Understand and Quantify Aquatic Effects. Efforts 1n 1983 concentrated on
the development of historical data as well as the production of a first approxima-
tion of an alkalinity map of surface waters. Efforts to develop an understanding
of the effects of acid deposition on aquatic biota were continued and data from
calibrated watersheds was analyzed.
Understand and Quantify Terrestrial Effects. Studies were initiated to
inventory forest stands and species while selecting sites for a multi-year monitor-
ing program aimed at estimating the long-term effects of acid deposition on natural
terrestrial ecosystems. In addition, studies were initiated to determine which
stage in the forest life cycle was most sensitive. Agricultural studies Included
harvesting the first series of crops at a prototype site and further examining the
problems associated with extrapolation of laboratory and greenhouse data to field
situations.
Understand and Quantify Effects on Materials and Cultural Resources. Agency
efforts focused on field studies of materials deterioration conducted with the
Bureau of Mines, and on developing the technology of static monitors for measur-
ing gaseous deposition. A materials Inventory was initiated to estimate the past
air pollution levels at selected materials exposure sites.
Integrate Research Assessments and Provide Information for Policy Analysis.
Models for estimating the relative significance of anthropogenic versus man-made
emissions were evaluated. Cost/benefit aspects of control techniques were
evaluated. In addition, drafts of the Critical Assessment Review Papers were
completed and distributed for public review and technical evaluation. An Acid
Deposition Assessment staff was organized to develop and implement research
assessment methods and techniques.
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HEALTH EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,203,900 supported by 8.0 total workyears for
this program, of which $549,200 1s for Salaries and Expenses and $1,654,700 1s for
Research and Development. This reflects a decrease of $95,000 1n Salaries and
Expenses and $50,000 in Research and Development. The net reduction reflects the
completion of a data base on aquatic toxldty of synfuel related pollutants.
Develop Health and Environmental Risk Analyses In Support of ElS and Permit-
ting Activities. Tfie integrated health and environmental risk analysis program
for synfuel Industries provides a framework through which scientifically documented
risk data can be utilized 1n making regulatory and enforcement decisions and for
determining the degree to which pollution abatement processes and devices are
required. Risk analysis methodologies for evaluating population level Impacts
of synfuel pollutants on health and the environment are developed and upgraded
through the Integration of exposure and effects assessments.
During 1985, research will focus on gathering new data and reducing uncertain-
ties associated with the health and environmental effects of critical classes of
synfuel pollutants. This Includes refining risk analysis methodologies. Specific
areas to be addressed are: 1) the refinement and application of models for eval-
uating exposure pathways 1n atmospheric, terrestrial and aquatic media; 2) the
evaluation of synfuel pollutant uptake by key organisms in the human food chain;
and 3) the evaluation of human exposure and effects data on synfuel pollutants
to develop dose/response functions for cancer and reproductive risk analyses.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency 1s allocating a total of $2,348,900 and 8.0 total workyears
to this program, of which $644,200 1s under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
and $1,704,700 is for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appro-
priation.
Develop Health and Environmental Risk Analyses. The initial risk analyses
have been peer reviewed, and revised.Chemical compounds associated with synfuel
technologies have been categorized and grouped Into 38 categories of chemical
classes called Risk Analysis Categories (RACs). Data are being generated and
evaluated in an effort to estimate the total exposure of humans and other organisms
to specific synfuel related RACs through atmospheric, aquatic and foodchain routes.
lexicological data on health and environmental effects are also being assessed in
an effort to demonstrate cause and effect relationships. The program is also
applying previously developed risk assessment methodologies to various pollutant
control technology processes and options to evaluate their relative efficacy and
merit.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There 1s no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,078,700 and 8.8 total workyears
for this program, of which $493,900 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $1,584,800 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
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Develop Health and Environmental Risk Analyses in Support of EIS and Permlt-
tlng Activities. Chemical components or elements associated with synfuel tech-
nologies were recategorized and grouped into 38 Risk Assessment Categories (RAC's).
Results of risk analysis, (conducted for a representative process for indirect
liquefaction of coal, direct liquefaction of coal, and oil shale), identified
data gaps and areas of weaknesses in risk methodologies. These findings are being
used to prioritize research and data collection.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests a total of $11,934,600 supported by 44.9 total
workyears for this program, of which $2,681,800 is for Salaries and Expenses and
$9,252,800 is for Research and Development. This reflects a decrease of $59,000
and $332,500 respectively. This reduction reflects the de-emphasis of synfuels
research based on the slower commercialization of this industry.
Develop, Evaluate and Demonstrate Limestone Injection Multi-Stage Burner
(LIMB) Control Technology" Existing pulverized coal-fired utility and large
Industrial boilers are the major source of SOX and NOX emissions. State-of-the-art
control technology for SOX is expensive and difficult to retrofit for existing
boilers. Thus, the LIMB technology will be demonstrated in an attempt to acheive:
(1) substantial reductions in SOX and NOX emissions at about 20-30 percent the
capital cost of conventional flue-gas desulfurization systems; (2) 50-60 percent
SOX reduction from uncontrolled sources, and N0x-em1ssion levels of 0.3 Ib/million
Btu for retrofitting existing boilers; and (3) 70-90 percent SOX reduction from
uncontrolled sources, and N0x-emission levels approaching 0.2 Ib/m1ll1on Btu for
new boiler applications.
Systematic development and demonstration are necessary to bring the LIMB
technology to the point where Industry is willing to commercially accept it.
To accomplish this, the 1985 program will continue the enhanced, accelerated R&D
effort initiated 1n 1984 to develop information on the fundamentals of sorbent-
reaction chemistry. This Is especially important if SOx/NOx-removal performance
is to be accurately predicted, and the design for the EPA/industry co-funded LIMB
demonstration is to prove successful.
Developmental efforts for wall-fired and tangential boiler LIMB designs will
continue at the bench and pilot scale for a wide range of U.S. coals. Emphasis
will be placed on scale-uo testing and process analysis to predict removal perfor-
mances and to solve potential operabillty and reliability problems. Involvement
with at least one full-scale foreign field-evaluation will be Initiated to comple-
ment the existing LIMB technical data base for Inclusion in a supplement to the
LIMB generic engineering design-analysis manual.
For the full-scale wall-fired demonstration program: funding will be completed,
the industrial partner will be selected, site studies will be finished and site
preparation will be initiated. The objective is to fix the demonstration design
by 1985.
Characterize and Evaluate Synfuel Discharges and Control Technologies. By
the end of 1985, the Synthetic Fuels Corporation (SFC) will have committed nearly
$15 billion in financial assistance agreements. With the planned start up and
operation of several synthetic fuel plants, the Agency will continue to provide
SFC, their applicants, EPA Regions and States engineering support. . Consultation
with the Agency on environmental monitoring by the SFC and their applicants is
required by the 1980 Energy Security Act (P.L. 94-294, Section 131(e)). As SFC
sponsored plants initiate operations, emphasis will be on data reporting, data
management and data Interpretation from active monitoring plans. Data evaluation
will provide the basis for measuring the environmental impacts of the plants
E-16
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and determining the adequacy of controls for environmentally sound replication of
future plants.
Field testing will be conducted at synfuel facilities utilizing the Agency's
mobile air and waste water pollution control systems. Multimedia control technology
reports will be initiated on evaluation of controls for oil shale facilities.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency Is allocating a total of $12,326,100 and 44.9 total
workyears to this program, of which $2,740,800 Is under the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation and $9,585,300 1s for extramural purposes under the Research and
Development appropriation.
Develop, Evaluate and Demonstrate LIMB Control Technology. Fundamental
studies will continue to develop and improve the basic understanding of the chemical
kinetics of sorbent and coal reactions during the combustion process. Refinement
and expansion of this Information through additional research will be continued.
Efforts continue on research to determine and circumvent problems associated
with flyash/sorbent interactions which have been shown to decrease sorbent utiliza-
tion for certain bituminous coals. Also, evaluation of superactlve sorbents will
be continued; they offer promise of higher S02 removal efficiencies than 1s achiev-
able with conventional sorbents.
The evaluation of hardware and the assessment of process variables to identify
specific prototype testing necessary for establishing scaleup parameters and opera-
tional side effects will be continued. Pilot-scale evaluation of Improved sorbent-
injectlon techniques to guide prototype work for enhancing the performance of
LIMB in difficult retrofit cases also continues. Developing an Innovative system
capable of 90+ percent S0x/N0x removal (and to extend LIMB technology to oil-fired
and industrial-size coal boilers) is planned.
ORD will continue to conduct prototype burner-testing in experimental facili-
ties to provide the basis for transferring commercial scale development information
Into design criteria for practical hardware. ORD will Initiate the full-scale
field evaluation of the Steinmuller 700MW boiler (with lime Injection) at the
Welher III power plant in Saarbrucken, West Germany. Completion of a formal agree-
ment for cooperation with the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) is antici-
pated.
Research continues on the development of a manual of design and engineering
criteria for applying LIMB technology to existing wall and tangentially fired field-
utility boilers and for developing effective new boilers/burners for Integrated SOX/
NOX clean-up. Emphasis is on the identification and analysis of potential problem
areas. In addition, research continues to pursue the contractual and engineering-
selection mechanisms that are associated with the initiation of the co-funded EPA/
Industry demonstration program.
Characterize and Evaluate Synfuel Discharges and Control Technologies. In
1984, tne SFC plans to commit $10.3 billion In financialassistance for various
coal, oil shale and other synfuel facilities. As the SFC continues to make deci-
sions on their applicants' synfuel plant proposals, there will be additional need
for Regional and State engineering support. Reviews of SFC required monitoring
plans are expected to triple compared to 1983. Options for SFC monitoring data
management/reporting will be prepared as a supplement to the EPA Monitoring Reference
Manual. In addition, Agency participation will be initiated in SFC required
Monitoring Review Committees.
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Studies will be completed on synfuel combustion and cooling tower emissions.
Research continues on Identifying hazardous fugitive emissions and analysis of
sulfur control processes. Research will be completed on raw and spent oil shale
leaching characteristics.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$147,200 results from the following actions:
-Reprogramrnings. (-$147,200) Several reprogramrnings were made to this activi-
ty whicnwerenotreportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$147,200 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $10,986,500 and 58.8 total workyears
to this program, of which $3,406,400 was under the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion and $7,580,100 was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development
appropriation.
Develop, Evaluate and Demonstrate LIMB Control Technology. In the fundamental
research program, studies of rich-phase sulfation and limestone-calcination kinetics
were completed. A process for producing a usable superactlve sorbent was discover-
ed. A previously unknown sorbent-deactivation mechanism associated with sorbent-
flyash interactions 1n the furnace flame zone was also discovered. Based on the
fundamental research program and pilot-scale experimentation, preliminary mathema-
tical models for LIMB process simulation were developed. A commercially available
prototype low-NOx burner for LIMB was tested; evaluation of the results Is currently
underway. Tentative arrangements were initiated for a formal liaison with EPRI to
cooperate in all aspects of LIMB research, development and demonstration activities.
Characterize and Evaluate Synfuel Discharges and Control Technologies. Region-
al and State engineering support included review of twenty-four draft SFC monitoring
outlines, Toxic Substances Control Act Premanufacture Notifications, EPA and state
permit applications, and Environmental Impact Statements. Pollution Control Tech-
nical .Manuals were published on key synfuel processes and environmental control
technologies. The Environmental Monitoring Reference Manual for Synthetic Fuel
Facilities was published.
Several field characterization studies on synfuel plants were completed. A
synfuel/petroleum combustion emission testing protocol for boilers was developed.
Physical solvent testing for an acid gas removal system on a variety of coal types
was completed at the Agency's coal gasification facility at North Carolina State
University. A report was completed on the characterization of spent shale from
the Geoklnetics In-S1tu oil shale retort.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1985 Program Reouest
The Agency requests no resources for this program In 1985.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency 1s allocating $400,000, all for extramural purposes under
the Research and Development appropriation.
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Evaluate Impacts of Energy Development 1n Cold Climates. The cold climate
program focuses on resource development Issues which Include the Impacts of oil and
gas development, the environmental effects of placer mining, and the evaluation of
asbestos contamination of drinking waters. A review of toxicology and fate data
of hydrocarbons 1n oil polluted waters will be used to Identify the transformation
and accumulation of hydrocarbons 1n marine waters In order to assess the adequacy
of current processing procedures for oil contaminated waste waters and the conse-
quences of Increases 1n petroleum discharges. Research on tundra wetlands 1s also
being conducted to characterize sensitive and biologically Important organisms
which are Increasingly being Influenced by oil and gas development. Results from
this evaluation will be used to provide guidance on permissible levels of disturb-
ances associated with oil and gas exploration and extraction.
The use of placer mining 1n the extraction of gold 1s Increasing 1n Alaska.
This procedure, which Involves the dredging and washing of materials associated
with aquatic ecosystems, causes an Increase In suspended particles 1n the water
column which may adversely effect aquatic biota. To evaluate the magnitude of
this problem, field studies are being Initiated to determine the effects of Increased
turbidity from placer mining operations. Results of the studies will be used by the
State of Alaska and Region X In permitting actions.
The association of asbestos contamination of drinking waters 1n certain
Alaskan communities with liver cancer will be explored through the sampling of
water supplies. Data will be provided to the State of Alaska so that the State can
begin more detailed health effects studies 1f necessary, and also alert Individuals
living along the areas of contamination.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net Increase of +$119,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogrammlng. (+$119,000) A reprogrammlng was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogrammlng limitations. This change
resulted in a net Increase of +$119,000 to the Research and Development appropria-
tion.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $581,000 for this program, all of
which was for extramural purposes under the Research and Development appropriation.
Evaluate Impacts of Energy Development In Cold Climates. Research, which has
focused oncarbon monoxide (CO)emissions from mobilesources 1n non-attainment
areas of Alaska, has been completed. This research, conducted with the State of
Alaska and EPA's Region X, has included the evaluation of vehicle Inspection facil-
ities, and automotive maintenance and retrofitting procedures for use 1n control-
ling CO pollution. The 1983 program also Involved the completion of an assessment
of environmental research priorities which covers research topics involving air,
water, and solid waste pollution associated with cold climate regions.
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MANAGEMENT
AND SUPPORT
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT MS-1
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Managment MS-8
Program Management - Air S Radiation MS-12
Program Management - Water MS-13
Program Management - Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring MS-13
Program Management - External Affairs MS-14
' Program Management - Pesticides & Toxic Substances MS-15
Program Management - General Counsel .' MS-15
Program Management - Research & Development MS-16
Program Management - Solid Waste & Emergency Response MS-17
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices MS-19
Immediate Office of the Administrator MS-24
Office of Regional Operations MS-25
Office of Management Services MS-25
Office of Executive Secretariat MS-26
Regulatory Information Service Center MS-26
Administrator's Representation Fund MS-27
Office of International Activities MS-27
Office of Civil Rights MS-28
Science Advi sory Board MS-29
Office of Administrative Law Judges MS-30
Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization MS-31
Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation MS-32
Program Management - Policy, Planning & Evaluation MS-35
Integrated Environmental Management Program MS-36
Office of Policy Analysis MS-37
Office of Standards and Regulations MS-38
Office of Management Systems & Evaluation MS-39
Office of General Counsel MS-41
General Counsel MS-42
Office of External Affairs MS-44
Office of Legislative Analysis MS-48
Office of Congressional Liaison MS-49
Office of Public Affairs MS-50
Office of Intergovernmental Liaison MS-50
Office of Federal Activities MS-51
Office of Inspector General MS-53
Office of Administration and Resources Management MS-56
Program Management - Administration MS-61
Financial Management - Headquarters MS-62
Office of the Comptroller MS-63
Contracts & Grants Management MS-63
Personnel & Organization Services MS-65
Facilities & Management Services MS-66
Information Systems & Services MS-67
MS-1
-------
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT (cont.) PAGE
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regi onal Management MS-69
Resource Management - Regions MS-72
Financial Management - Regions MS-73
Personnel Management - Regions MS-74
Administrative Management - Regions MS-75
Regional Management MS-76
Regi onal Counsel MS-77
Planning, Evaluation & Analysis - Regions MS-78
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs MS-80
Professi onal Trai ni ng MS-82
Nationwide Support Services MS-83
Headquarters Support Services MS-84
Regional Support Services MS-84
Automated Data Processing Support Costs MS-85
Lab Support - Research & Development MS-86
Lab Support - Air & Radiation MS-86
Lab Support - Pesticides & Toxic Substances MS-87
MS-2
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1985 VS 1984
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Salaries 8 Expenses
Operations, Research
and Facilities
$231,225.3 $232,022.7 $242,900.9 $248,218.1
$125.3
TOTAL, Management & Support $231,350.6 $232,022.7 $242,900.9 $248,218.1
$277,285.4 $29,067.3
$277,285.4 "$29,067.3
i
CO
PERMANENT UORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
2,188.6 2,116.7 2,266.4 2,263.9 2,377.0 113.1
2,685.9 2,627.4 2,794.9 2,788.9 2,819.9 31.0
$219,546.0 $225,901.0 $257,664.0 $258,466.0 $275,348.7 $16,882.7
By virtue of Appropriation Act as authorized by Public Law 96-510.
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
Management and Support contains the staff and management activities to pro-
vide executive direction to all Agency programs as well as those Agencywide
administrative and support services which cannot be assigned to a specific pro-
grammatic activity.
We will continue our efforts to implement Reform 88 and reduce duplicative
functions, provide consistent Agency legal activities, promote technically and
economically defensible regulatory and policy alternatives, ensure strong and
coherent internal management control and fiscal integrity, enhance the defining
of results-oriented environmental goals, and pursue the measure of Agency perform-
ance according to environmental results.
The major components of this medium are Program Management, Agency Manage-
ment, Regional Management, and Support Costs.
Program Management includes policy development, program development and over-
sight, and the associated management activities for the Agency's environmental
program offices. These include the Offices of Air and Radiation; Water; Enforce-
ment and Compliance Monitoring; External Affairs; Pesticides and Toxic Substances;
General Counsel; Research and Development; and Solid Waste and Emergency Response.
Agency Management includes Agencywide management functions and policy activi-
ties.
Policy Direction, through the Executive offices, in headquarters consists
of the Administrator and Deputy Administrator, their immediate staffs, as well as
the Offices of Regional Operations, Management Services, the Executive Secre-
tariate, Regulatory Information, International Activities, Civil Rights, the
Science Advisory Board, the Administrative Law Judges, and Small and Disadvantaged
Business Utilization.
Policy, Planning and Evaluation is organized into four components: the Inte-
yrated Environmental Management Program (formerly named the Program Integration
Project), Policy Analysis, Standards and Regulations, and Management Systems and
Evaluation.
Legal services for litigation in which the Agency is a defendant are provided
to Agency programs by the General Counsel in headquarters and by a Regional Counsel
in each Regional office. The Office of General Counsel (OGC) provides legal ser-
vices and advice to the Administrator and Agency managers. OGC, in cooperation
with the Department of Justice, represents the Agency in all legal matters in
which the Agency is a defendant. Additionally, OGC reviews proposed actions,
decisions, and regulations to assure that they are legally defensible.
External Affairs activities are consolidated into five offices: Legislative
Analysis, Congressional Liaison, Public Affairs, Intergovernmental Affairs and
Federal Activities.
Inspector General activities include investigation and audit of Agency activi-
ties to promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness and to prevent and detect
fraud, waste, and abuse.
The Office of Administration and Resources Management (OARM) provides man-
agement activities in headquarters as well as administrative services to all pro-
gram operations located in Cincinnati and Research Triangle Park, N.C. The OARM
has several components: Financial Management, Comptroller, Personnel and Organi-
zation, Contracts and Grants, Facilities and Management Services, as well as
Information Systems and Services.
MS-4
-------
Regional Management includes the centralized management and administrative
functions performed in each Regional office. Regional elements cover the Regional
and Deputy Regional Administrators, their immediate staffs, and Regional staff for
public affairs, congressional and intergovernmental relations, and civil rights.
Other activities include budget development and execution, preparation of Regional
operating plans, legal services, program planning, regulatory and policy analysis,
economic analysis, program evaluation, financial and personnel management, infor-
mation management, and administrative services.
Support Costs includes the costs of basic and general services for all Agency
programs. In this diverse category are:
0 Office and building services, such as library services, commercial tele-
phone use, electronic mail, utilities, guards, and custodial and main-
tenance services for programs located at headquarters, Research Triangle
Park, and Cincinnati;
° Nationwide costs, such as facility rental costs, ADP technical support,
centralized data processing, professional training, U.S. Postal Service
charges, Federal Telecommunications System, unemployment and workman's
compensation, and security clearances for all Agency programs in all loca-
tions;
0 Office and building services for laboratories and field stations operated
by the Offices of Air, Noise, and Radiation; Research and Development;
and Pesticides and Toxic Substances; and
0 Common services in Regional offices, such as supplies and equipment, com-
mercial telephones, printing, facilities operations and maintenance,
library services, and mini-computer operations.
Program Priorities
Priorities for the Executive Office in 1985 will continue to include improved
relations with States and local governments to facilitate program delegation as
well as other integrated approaches to environmental regulation; greater scienti-
fic credibility in regulatory decision-making through the increased emphasis on
reviews by the Science Advisory Board, and improved coordination among major out-
reach staff offices to ensure that EPA's external activities reflect the interests
and policies of the Administrator.
Policy, Planning and Evaluation will target resources to three major areas:
managing for environmental results; developing and demonstrating integrated
environmental management strategies; and developing improved methods to ascertain
economic benefits of EPA's regulations. The common purpose of these efforts is
the development of regulatory approaches that achieve environmental and health
benefits in an efficient and cost-effective manner.
The Office of General Counsel will continue to direct efforts to assure
consistent legal decisions and positions throughout the Agency.
The activities of the newly organized Office of External Affairs will focus
on improving the public perception of EPA; increasing Agency effectiveness by
improving congressional liaison; establishing outreach programs, public interest
groups and citizen participation; reaffirming and strengthening Federal Agencies
contacts; and providing a cross-media perspective in review of environmental
problems.
The Inspector General will move toward building a more complete, balanced and
comprehensive program where it can fulfill the mandate of the Inspector General
Act of 1978. The IG will continue to direct resources to recover questioned costs
in the wastewater treatment construction grant program. It will continue to con-
duct investigations of fraud against the government, perform audits of EPA con-
MS-5
-------
tracts and grants, support Agency suspension and debarment activities, and develop
a proactive fraud prevention program. The IG will direct additional resources to
antitrust activities and internal and management audits of Agency operations to
identify weaknesses in EPA programs which provide the opportunity for fraud,
and abuse to occur.
Overall priorities for the Office of Administration and Resources Management
for fiscal year 1985 are improving fiscal integrity at headquarters and in the
Regions by strengthening our finance, grants, and contracts operations; improving
our automated services in conjunction with the need to operate a new in-house
payroll operation; and integration of major administrative systems.
In the Regional management areas, resources provide services consistent with
Regional program workforce levels. With our continuing commitment to strengthen
Regional environmental programs, we have maintained strong Regional planning,
resources planning and analysis, and management efforts.
Several programs will be emphasized in the Support area. The National Com-
puter Center will complete the modernization of EPA's mainframe computers, tele-
communications network, and interactive software required to make central data
bases accessible and useful to national, Regional, and State program managers.
The Agency believes that with centralized budgeting and management we will improve
our service capacity and modernize our computer facilities more efficiently. In
Support, we expect local telecommunications and utilities costs to grow consider-
ably. The Support program will also provide the additional space requirements
accompanying the growing Agency.
MS-6
-------
Program
Management
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT MS-1
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Managment MS-8
Program Management - Ai r & Radiation MS-12
Program Management - Water MS-13
Program Management - Enforcement & Compliance Monitoring MS-13
Program Management - External Affairs MS-14
Program Management - Pesticides & Toxic Substances MS-15
Program Management - General Counsel MS-15
Program Management - Research & Development MS-16
Program Management - Solid Waste & Emergency Response MS-17
MS-7
-------
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management
3
00
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Program Management -
Air & Radiation
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Program Management -
Water
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Program Management -
Enforcement &
Compliance Monitoring
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Program Management -
External Affairs
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Program Management -
Pesticides & Toxic
Substances
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Program Management -
General Counsel
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
$2,226.4 $2,163.0
$2,226.4 $2,163.0
$2,573.6 $2,411.4
$2,573.6 $2,411.4
$298.8 $784.2
$298.8 $784.2
$470.8
$470.8
$2,168.1 $2,464.8
$2,168.1 $2,464.8
$310.8
$310.8
$2,163.0
$2,163.0
$2,411.4
$2,411.4
$381.8
$381.8
$994.3
$994.3
$2,464.8
$2,464.8
$402.4
$402.4
$2,139.5
$2,139.5
$2,389.9
$2,389.9
$365.9
$365.9
$553.7
$553.7
$2,442.5
$2,442.5
$418.3
$418.3
$2,245.1
$2,245.1
$2,798.5
$2,798.5
$382.8
$382.8
$539.5
$539.5
$2,557.3
$2,557.3
$446.5
$446.5
$105.6
$105.6
$408.6
$408.6
$16.9
$16.9
-$14.2
-$14.2
$114.8
$114.8
$28.2
$28.2
-------
CO
I
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management -
Research & Development
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Program Management -
Solid Waste &
Emergency Response
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Program Management TOTAL
$3,866.
$3,866.
$1,024.
$1,024.
$12,938.
$12,938.
0
0
4
4
9
9
$3,949.
$3,949.
$1,352.
$1,352.
$13,125.
$13,125.
3
3
5
5
2
2
$3,849.
$3,849.
$1,517.
$1,517.
$14,184.
$14,184.
3
3
9
9
9
9
$3,830.
$3,830.
$1,497.
$1,497.
$13,637.
$13,637.
3
3
2
2
3
3
$3,
$3,
$1,
$1,
$14,
$14,
733.2
733.2
676.4
676.4
379.3
379.3
-$97.1
-$97.1
$179.2
$179.2
$742.0
$742.0
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Program Management -
Air & Radiation
Program Management -
Water
Program Management -
Enforcement &
Compliance Monitoring
Program Management -
External Affairs
35.5
40.4
5.3
9.4
37.2
39.6
15.0
37.2
39.6
7.2
24.0
36.2
38.6
6.8
11.0
44.3
43.3
9.0
8.1
4.7
2.2
11.0
-------
in
i
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
Program Management -
Pesticides & Toxic
Substances
Program Management -
General Counsel
Program Management -
Research & Development
Program Management -
Solid Waste &
Emergency Response
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Program Management -
Air & Radiation
Program Management -
Water
Program Management -
40.4
5.6
48.8
15.6
201.0
41.9
46.4
7.3
(DOLLARS
40.0
47.2
21.6
200.6
47.8
48.6
19.5
IN THOUSANDS)
40.0
7.8
45.2
26.1
227.1
47.8
48.6
9.4
39.0
8.2
44.2
28.1
212.1
46.8
47.6
9.0
44.0 5.0
8.2
41.2 -3.0
28.8 .7
229.8 17.7
46.8
47.6
9.0
Enforcement &
Compliance Monitoring
-------
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT
Program Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Program Management - 12.1 27.0 13.2 13.2
External Affairs
Program Management - 45.3 56.3 56.3 54.3 55.3 1.0
Pesticides 8 Toxic
Substances
Program Management - 7.7 10.1 10.5 10.5
General Counsel
Program Management - 61.5 63.8 61.7 60.7 57.7 -3.0
Research 5 Development
Program Management - 23.8 27.0 32.0 32.0 32.0
Solid Waste fi
Emergency Response
TOTAL WORKYEARS 246.0 263.0 292.9 274.1 272.1 -2.0
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Program Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,379,300 supported by 272.1 total workyears
for this subactivity, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion, an increase of $742,000 and a decrease of 2.0 workyears.
Program Description
The Program Management component provides resources generally for Assistant
Administrators, Office Directors and their immediate staffs for eight of EPA's
major offices: Air and Radiation; Water; Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring;
External Affairs; Pesticides and Toxics; General Counsel; Research and Develop-
ment; and Solid Waste and Emergency Response. Resources provide for formulation
of overall management and programmatic policy, and centralized planning and budget-
ing. Activities also include the coordination and integration of programs through-
out the Agency as well as performing liaison activities with Congress, OMB and
other Federal Agencies and States.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - AIR AND RADIATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,245,100 supported by 46.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $105,600 from 1984 to fund increased personnel
and support costs and no change in workyears. Major program emphases will continue
to be implementation of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1977, the Atomic Energy
Act, the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act, and development of major
decisions related to these acts. In 1985, key activities include: effective and
efficient general management, strategic planning, and administrative and budget
support.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $2,139,500 and 46.8 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
program is providing management support for the Clean Air Act, Atomic Energy Act,
and Uranium Mill Tailings Control Act. Key activities include: executive manage-
ment direction, program planning and analysis, resource management, and budget
development. Administrative support to OAR programs is also being provided.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$23,500 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$23,500) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not rpportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$23,500 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $2,226,400 for this program, all of which was
'for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, and 41.9 total workyears. The pro-
gram provided executive management, strategic planning and analysis, and budget
and administrative support to OAR programs.
MS-12
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PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - WATER
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $2,798,500 for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation
supported by 47.6 total workyears, which is an increase of $408,600 and no change
in workyears. The increase provides for additional personnel and support costs as
well as $100,000 for program analysis and evaluation studies to improve overall
management of the water quality and drinking water programs. The 1985 request
supports national management; supervision of the Office of Water organizations;
management of the Office of Water operating guidance and accountability system;
development of program plans and budget for implementation of Agency policies
and programs; tracking of budget execution; administrative management; analysis of
policy issues; and monitoring of program performance from both a scientific and
programmatic perspective.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $2,389,900, all of which is for the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation and 47.6 total workyears. The Agency continues to
focus on the reauthorization process for the Clean Water Act and the accompanying
process of strategies development to implement arendrents.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$21,500 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$21,500) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$21,500 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $2,573,600 and 46.4 total workyears, all of
which was for Salaries and Expenses. These resources provided for executive manage-
ment, policy planning and analysis, and budget and administrative support for
programs within the Office of Water. Work also continued on the reauthorization of
the Clean Water Act and Safe Drinking Water Act.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - ENFORCEMENT AND COMPLIANCE MONITORING
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $382,800 supported by 9.0 total workyears for this pro-
gram, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and no change in
workyears. This represents an increase of $16,900, due to additional personnel
and support costs.
The request will provide the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring
with executive management as wpll as program planning, management analysis, budget-
ing, financial management, personnel operations, and administrative support ser-
vices. Consistent with the Agency's emphasis on establishing a coherent crossmedia
approach to enforcement and compliance, the program will stress consolidation and
integration to enable the Assistant Administrator to coordinate the Agency's legal
enforcement functions and manage the legal enforcement resources of the Agency.
1984 Program
In 1984 the Agency is allocating a total of $365,900 and 9.0 total workyears
to this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
MS-13
-------
This program provides executive management as well as program planning, man-
agement analysis, budgeting, personnel operations, and fiscal and administrative
management to the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring. Better fiscal
and personnel management procedures are being instituted to manage resources more
effectively in the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$15,900 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$15,900) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$15,900 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $298,800 and 7.3 total workyears for this pro-
gram, all of which was for Salaries and Expenses. Reorganization of the Agency's
enforcement efforts moved this program from the Office of Legal and Enforcement
Counsel to the new Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring.
Activities focused on providing executive management, planning, analytical
support, budgeting, financial management, personnel operations, and administrative
services to the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - EXTERNAL AFFAIRS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $539,500 supported by 13.2 total workyears
for this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $14,200 and no-change-in workyears from 1984 levels.
The decrease reflects lower personnel and support costs. In 1985, this office
will require these resources to continue the full coordination of the staff offices
within External Affairs; to provide the necessary oversight, management, planning,
and support services to these staff offices; and to support the Administrator and
Assistant Administrators in representing and communicating the Agency's programs
and policies to the Congress, the public, other governmental entities, and the
media.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $553,700 and 13.2 total workyears to this
office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. Major em-
phasis will be placed on instituting strategies and procedures which enable the
Agency to communicate better with outside groups involved with and affected by
EPA decisions.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$440,600 results from the following action:
-Reorganization. (-$440,600) A Congressionally approved reorganization to
create the Office of External Affairs (OEA) transferred resources from the Im-
mediate Office of External Affairs to the Office of Public Affairs to reflect the
transfer of the Audiovisual Division to that organization.
MS-14
-------
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $470,800 and 12.1 total workyears,
all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation for the components
which were organized into the Program Management program element. These components
provided the management, resource, and administrative support necessary to establish
the newly created Office of External Affairs.
In late 1983, the Offices of Congressional Liaison (formerly the Congres-
sional Liaison Division of the Office of Legislation), Legislative Analysis
(formerly the Legislative Division of the Office of Legislation), Public Affairs,
Intergovernmental Liaison, and Federal Activities were consolidated to create the
Office of External Affairs to provide a better managed and coordinated approach
to the Agency's external activities.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $2,557,300 supported by 55.3 total workyears for this
program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, represent-
ing increases of $114,800 and 1.0 workyear. The increases will be used for general
administration and oversight. These resources will provide for senior level manage-
ment of the pesticides and toxic substances program as well as for the Immediate
Office of the Assistant Administrator for Pesticides and Toxic Substances. Key
activities include: effective and efficient general management, strategic plan-
ning, and administrative and budget support.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $2,442,500 and 54.3 permanent workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
program is providing management support for the Toxic Substances Control Act and
the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$22,300 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$22,300) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$22,300 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $2,168,100 and 45.3 total workyears for this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The pro-
gram provided executive management, strategic planning and analysis, and budget
support to the Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances programs.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - GENERAL COUNSEL
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $446,500 supported by 10.5 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
represents an increase of $28,200 due primarily to additional personnel and operat-
ing support and no change in workyears. The request will provide for executive
management, planning, budgeting, financial management, management analysis, and
administrative support services for the Office of General Counsel.
MS-15
-------
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $418,300 and 10.5 total work-
years to this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropria-
tion. The program provides for executive management, planning, budgeting, finan-
cial management, management analysis, and administrative support for the Office of
General Counsel. A reorganization abolished the Office of Legal and Enforcement
Counsel (OLEC). Program Management resources presented here were moved from OLEC
to the Office of General Counsel.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$15,900 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$15,900) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$15,900 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $310,800 and 7.7 total workyears for
this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. Activi-
ties focused on providing executive management, planning, analytical support,
budgeting, financial management, and administrative services to the General Counsel
component of the Office of Legal and Enforcement Counsel.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,733,200 supported by 57.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents a decrease of $97,100 and 3.0 workyears from 1984. The decreases
are made possible due to management streamlining and improved efficiencies.
In 1985, ORD's Program Management activities will provide overall direction,
central management services, scientific and technical policy guidance, and adminis-
trative support to the research programs conducted at Headquarters in 14 laborato-
ries and in various field sites. These activities encompass: the coordination
of the research program planning and budgeting cycles, including the development
of research strategies and program plans; the monitoring of operating year resource
utilization; the provision of on site coordination of research activities and
administrative and support services required by the co-located laboratories in
Cincinnati, Ohio, and Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; the performance of
liaison activities, enabling ORD to respond to regional needs and to work with
Congress, OMB, and other Federal agencies; the operation and enhancement of ORD's
Information Systems to support research program planning and accountability to
management; and the performance of all other activities (e.g., facilities planning
and management, management studies) required for the smooth operation of ORD.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,830,300 and 60.7 total work-
years for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The activities provided for by these resources will on a continuing basis provide
overall direction and support to ORD's programs to insure the coordination of re-
search efforts, the efficient utilization of resources, and the satisfaction of
the needs identified by the program and regional offices.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$19,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$19,000) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$19,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
MS-16
-------
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,866,000 and 61.5 total workyears,
all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These resources
provided for overall direction, central management services, policy guidance,
liaison activities, ORD's Information Systems, and general administrative and
budget support.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - SOLID WASTE AND EMERGENCY RESPONSE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $1,676,400 supported by 32.0 total workyears for this
program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, representing
an increase of $179,200 for personnel and operating costs and no change in work-
years. The increase reflects increases in personnel and support costs. These
resources will allow the Agency to staff and operate a complete management team
within the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER). Policy recom-
mendations and proposed regulations will be thoroughly reviewed for conformity to
law, executive orders, and the Administrator's guidance. Effective integration of
hazardous waste and Superfund activities will occur on a continuous basis. Dead-
lines for producing guidance and regulations and for meeting other milestones
established by Congress, OMB, or the Administrator will be met. Planning and
program evaluation will contribute to increased productivity and the redirection
of resources and effort toward priority projects. OSWER budget requests will be
developed and justified to the Administrator, OMB, and Congress. Financial manage-
ment activities will be in accordance with established policies and procedures.
Congressional and other executive correspondence will be answered promptly and
responsively.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $1,497,200 and 32.0 total workyears to this
program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. Expected
accomplishments include implementation of an overall OSWER management plan, includ-
ing measures of succes, milestones, and performance reviews; management of the
review of policy recommendations and proposed regulations; integration of both
program and enforcement hazardous waste and Superfund activities; preparation and
justification of OSWER budgets and oversight of resource allocation and financial
management; and development of an OSWER accountability system. Additional re-
sources for Superfund program management are included in the Hazardous Site and
Spill Response program element.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$20,700 results from the following action:
-Reprograimning. (-$20,700) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$20,700 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $1,024,400 and 23.8 total workyears, all of
which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. During 1983, changes in the
top management of OSWER led to the rebuilding of the office. Major emphasis was
originally placed on those activities which accompany the reestablishment of the
office: restaffing, defining goals and objectives, and determining responsibili-
ties. Once these activities were underway, emphasis was placed on restoring
public confidence in the Agency by managing and overseeing an aggressive program
to regulate hazardous waste and to remedy the problems caused by uncontrolled
hazardous waste sites.
MS-17
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Agency
Management
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
MANAGEMENT 8 SUPPORT MS-1
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices MS-19
Immediate Office of the Administrator MS-24
Office of Regional Operations MS-25
Office of Management Services MS-25
Office of Executive Secretariat MS-26
Regulatory Information Service Center MS-26
Administrator's Representation Fund MS-27
Office of International Activities MS-27
Office of Civil Rights MS-28
Science Advisory Board MS-29
Office of Administrative Law Judges MS-30
Office of Small & Disadvantaged Business Utilization MS-31
Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation MS-32
Program Management - Policy, Planning 8 Evaluation MS-35
Integrated Environmental Management Program MS-36
Office of Policy Analysis MS-37
Office of Standards and Regulations MS-38
Office of Management Systems & Evaluation MS-39
Office of General Counsel MS-41
General Counsel MS-42
Office of External Affairs MS-44
Office of Legislative Analysis MS-48
Office of Congressional Liaison MS-49
Office of Public Affairs MS-50
Office of Intergovernmental Liaison MS-50
Office of Federal Activities MS-51
Office of Inspector General MS-53
Office of Administration and Resources Management MS-56
Program Management - Administration MS-61
Financial Management - Headquarters MS-62
Office of the Comptroller MS-63
Contracts & Grants Management MS-63
Personnel & Organization Services MS-65
Facilities & Management Services MS-66
Information Systems & Services MS-67
MS-18
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT
1983 ESTIMATE 1984
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Immediate Office of the
Administrator
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Regional
Operations
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Management
Services
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Executive
Secretariat
Salaries \ Expenses
TOTAL
Regulatory Information
Service Center
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Administrator's
Representation Fund
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
$1,629.6
$1,629.6
$166.7
$166.7
$237.2
$237.2
$408.8
$408.8
$534.1
$534.1
$2.2
$2.2
$2,012.0
$2,012.0
$526.8
$526.8
$459.8
$459.8
$568.3
$568.3
$3.0
$3.0
$1,743.2
$1,743.2
$261.0
$261.0
$290.6
$290.6
$478.6
$478.6
$568.3
$568.3
$3.0
$3.0
$1,674.3
$1,674.3
$321.4
$321.4
$290.6
$290.6
$478.6
$478.6
$568.3
$568.3
$3.0
$3.0
$1,799.1
$1,799.1
$279.3
$279.3
$322.5
$322.5
$523.4
$523.4
$575.0
$575.0
$3.0
$3.0
$124.8
$124.8
-$42.1
-$42.1
$31.9
$31.9
$44.8
$44.8
$6.7
$6.7
-------
I
ro
o
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Office of International
Activities
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Civil Rights
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Science Advisory Board
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Administrative
Law Judges
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Small &
Disadvantaged Business
Utilization
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries 8 Expenses
Office of the , TOTAL
$1,071.2
$1,071.2
$946.4
$946.4
$857.6
$857.6
$601.8
$601.8
$303.6
$303.6
$6,759.2
$6,759.2
$1,035.8
$1,035.8
$1,094.6
$1,094.6
$1,064.6
$1,064.6
$701.8
$701.8
$207.1
$207.1
$7,673.8
$7,673.8
$1,035.8
$1,035.8
$1,094.6
$1,094.6
$1,064.6
$1,064.6
$701.8
$701.8
$211.0
$211.0
$7,452.5
$7,452.5
$1,035.8
$1,035.8
$1,094.6
$1,094.6
$1,064.6
$1,064.6
$701.8
$701.8
$211.0
$211.0
$7,444.0
$7,444.0
$1,132.4
$1,132.4
$1,186.7
$1,186.7
$1,165.6
$1,165.6
$770.3
$770.3
$240.4
$240.4
$7,997.7
$7,997.7
$96.6
$96.6
$92.1
$92.1
$101.0
$101.0
$68.5
$68.5
$29.4
$29.4
$553.7
$553.7
Administrator/
Executive Offices
-------
I
ro
Administrative Law
Judges
Office of Small &
Disadvantaged Business
Utilization
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Immediate Office of the
Administrator
Office of Regional
Operations
Office of Management
Services
Office of Executive
Secretariat
Regulatory Information
Service Center
Office of International
Activities
Office of Civil Rights
Science Advisory Board
Office of
30.9
3.1
5.1
10.6
4.0
16.5
13.8
8.0
13.8
37.6
10.0
11.0
5.0
14.0
14.6
14.1
15.0
34.3
4.0
6.0
11.0
5.0
14.0
14.6
14.1
15.0
32.3
4.0
6.0
11.0
5.0
14.0
14.6
14.1
15.0
29.3
4.0
7.4
11.0
5.0
14.0
14.8
14.1
15.0
-3.0
1.4
.2
5.8
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.1
TOTAL PERMANENT UORKYEARS
111.6
125.4
122.1
120.1
118.7
-1.4
-------
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
CO
ro
Administrative Law
Judges
Office of Small &
Dtsadvantaged Business
Utilization
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL WI1RKYEARS
Immediate Office of the
Administrator
Office of Regional
Operations
Office of Management
Services
Office of Executive
Secretariat
Regulatory Information
Service Center
Office of International
Activities
Office of Civil Rights
Science Advisory Board
Office of
36.7
3.7
7.2
14.3
4.0
23.1
20.0
14.6
13.8
41.3
14.2
15.8
5.0
22.0
21.8
23.9
15.6
38.3
4.0
8.0
15.8
5.0
22.0
21.8
23.9
15.6
35.3
4.0
8.0
15.8
5.0
22.0
21.8
23.9
15.6
32.3 -3.0
4.0
8.0
15.8
5.0
22.0
21.8
23.9
15.6
6.6
4.9
4.9
4.9
4.9
TOTAL WORKYEARS
144.0
164.5
159.3
156.3
153.3
-3.0
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of the Administrator/Executive Offices
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,997,700 for the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation supported by 153.3 total workyears for the Office of the Administrator in
1985. This is an increase of $553,700 for personnel costs and a decrease of 3.0
workyears from 1984 for the completion of the Deputy Administrator's task force
that worked on Agency policy and management review. The resources will support
stronger executive management in the form of firmer policy guidance, more effective
communications with the Regions, and better quality scientific advice for the
entire Agency.
Program Description
These resources include the salaries and associated costs for the Immediate
Office of the Administrator and the staff offices which report directly to the
Administrator. The Administrator and Deputy Administrator are responsible for
providing policy and direction to the Agency and ensuring implementation of
their policies; the staff offices provide crosscutting Agency Guidance for scien-
tific review of regulations and research, international environmental initiatives,
as well as civil rights, administrative law hearings, and regional communications.
Immediate Office of the Administrator -- This Office includes: the Administra-
tor and Deputy Administrator, special assistants to the Administrator and Deputy
Administrator in the various program areas , a Judicial Officer and assistant,
speech writer, clerical support staff, and messengers.
Office of Regional Operations This Office provides Headquarters with a
stronger and more effective link to each of the ten regional offices. This link
ensures that the Administrator's policies are effectively communicated to the
Regional Administrators, includes the Regions in the policy-making process, alerts
the Administrator to any potential regional problems and concerns, and assists him
in managing significant regional issues.
Office of Management Services This Office provides centralized budget plan-
ning "andimplementation,resource management, personnel, computer planning, and
administrative support services to the Administrator and staff offices.
Office of Executive Secretariat -- This Office is responsible for handling,
processing, and tracking allof the Administrator's correspondence, Deputy Admin-
istrator's correspondence, Congressional correspondence, and Freedom of Information
(FOI) correspondence.
Regulatory Information Service Center The Center is responsible for tabula-
ting and compiling information provided by other Federal agencies concerning their
regulatory efforts.
Administrator's Representation Fund ~ The Fund is used for official recep-
tions, meetings, and affairs hosted primarily by the Administrator for domestic
and foreign officials.
Office of International Activities ~ This Office provides guidance and manage-
ment for the Agency's international activities and programs with Western European
countries, Japan, and the Agency's Scientific Activities Overseas (SAO) Program.
In addition, the Office manages agreements with Canada and Mexico on cross-boun-
dary environmental issues and oversees Agency involvement in the activities of
international organizations such as the United Nations Environmental Program, the
World Health Organization, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development (OECD). Finally, the Office plays a strong role in formulating and
implementing Agency policies that affect the international marine environment.
MS-23
-------
Office of Civil Rights This Office manages the Agency's civil rights pro-
gram's"!It provides policy guidance to the Administrator and evaluates activities
required to carry out the Agency's responsibilities to assure equal opportunity
and prohibit discrimination in employment at EPA. This program element also sup-
ports the area Civil Rights Directors at major research and satellite installa-
tions in Cincinnati, Research Triangle Park, and Las Vegas; the activities of the
Headquarter's Federal Women's Program Committee; and processing of discrimination
complaints lodged by Agency employees and applicants for employment.
Science Advisory Board (SAB) The Board consists of a Director, professional
and clerical staff, and approximately 50 independent scientists and engineers who
advise the Administrator on the scientific and technical bases of the Agency's
decisions. They review the scientific basis of regulatory proposals, the adequacy
of Agency research and the research planning process, the five-year research and
development plan, as well as special requests from the Administrator, the Deputy
Administrator and the Congress. The SAB prepares findings and recommendations in
technical reports which are legally required to be sent directly to the Adminis-
trator and to the Congress.
Office of Administrative Law Judges Judges from this Office preside over
and conduct hearings required by the Administrative Procedures Act related to ap-
peals of Agency regulations and decisions.
Office of Small and Disadyantaged Business Utilization -- This Office provides
Agencywide oversightTnimplementingprogramsunderSections 8 and 15 of the
Small Business Act (as amended) to further the utilization of EPA procurement and
financial assistance programs by small and dlsadvantaged businesses. It develops
national policy for EPA and serves as the focal point for providing guidance for
implementing the Agencywide minority and women's business enterprise policy under
grants and cooperative agreements.
IMMEDIATE OFFICE OF THE ADMINISTRATOR
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,799,100 supported by 32.3 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $124,800 for personnel costs and a decrease of 3.0
total workyears resulting from the completion of the Deputy Administrator's task
force that worked on Agency policy and management review. The major focus of
activity in the Immediate Office will be to ensure better internal management,
continue emphasis on enforcement and compliance efforts, pursue delegation of
programs to State and local governments, support enhanced science as a basis for
decision making, and improve the Agency's methodologies for managing risk.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,674,300 and 35.3 total work-
years to this Office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The major focus of activity in the Immediate Office will be to ensure better in-
ternal management, emphasize enforcement and compliance, pursue delegation of pro-
grams to state and local governments, and support enhanced science as a basis for
decision making and managing risk.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$68,900 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$68,900) Several reprogrammings were made to this activity
which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. These
changes resulted in a net decrease of -$68,9UO to the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.
MS-24
-------
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,629,600 and 36.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The major focus was improving Agency communication on issues with major outside
organizations, Congress, and public interest groups.
OFFICE OF REGIONAL OPERATIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $279,300 supported by 4.0 total workyears for
this Office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This is
a decrease of $42,100, due to Senior Executive Service (SES) candidate resources
included in 1984 but not carried into 1985, and no change in total workyears from
1984 levels. The Office will continue to provide a communications link between
headquarters and the ten regional offices.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $321,400 and 4.0 total workyears, all of
which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The Office will provide a
liaison between the regional offices and the Administrator to ensure that the
Administrator's policies are effectively communicated to the Regional Administra-
tors, to include the regions in the policy-making process, to alert the Adminis-
trator to any potential regional problems and concerns, and to assist him in
managing significant regional issues.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$60,400 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$60,400) A repTrogramming Uas made"to "this""activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$60,400 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $166,700 and 3.7 total workyears for
this program, all of which was in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
Office, which the Administrator established on September 16, 1983, was developed
to provide Headquarters with a strong and effective link to the ten regions.
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT SERVICES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $322,500 supported by 8.0 total workyears, all
of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an
increase of $31,900 for personnel costs and no change in total workyears. This
Office will continue to provide administrative, personnel management and budget
support, in addition to computer planning support to staff offices in the Office
of the Administrator.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $290,600 and 8.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Office will monitor resource expenditures, develop the outyear budget for the
staff offices, provide uniform personnel and administrative support services,
and assist staff offices with recruitment, staffing and property control. Activi-
ties will focus on improving resource and personnel utilization by centralizing
financial management and automating personnel records.
MS-25
-------
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $237,200 and 7.2 total workyears for
this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
Office completed monthly financial and operating plan reports, budget development
and execution for the staff offices, workload analysis for Regional Management, in
addition to providing personnel action preparation and staffing plan development,
administrative services, and resource and computer planning studies for the
staff offices in the Office of the Administrator.
OFFICE OF EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $523,400 supported by 15.8 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
represents an increase of $44,800 for personnel costs and no workyears from 1984
levels. This Office will continue to manage the Administrator's correspondence,
Deputy Administrator's correspondence, Congressional correspondence, and Freedom
of Information (FOI) correspondence.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $478,600 and 15.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Through the Executive Correspondence Tracking System, the Office will track and
monitor all incoming and outgoing Agency correspondence. The Office will continue
to prepare a yearly report to Congress oa-the cost to the Agency and to the public
of administering the Freedom of Information Act.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $408,800 and 14.3 total workyears
for this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Office logged, controlled, and tracked approximately 5000 letters to and from
Congress; received, assigned for action and tracked approximately 23,000 letters
to and from the Administrator and Deputy Administrator using the newly created ex-
cutive correspondence tracking system, and controlled approximately 4,000 Freedom
of Information requests.
REGULATORY INFORMATION SERVICE CENTER
1985 Program Request
The Regulatory Information Service Center (RISC) requests a total of $575,000
supported by 5.0 total workyears, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation. This represents an increase of $6,700 for personnel costs and no
change in total workyears. The Center will publish two editions of the Unified
Agenda of Federal Regulations and will continue to maintain an automated data base
of FederalGovernmentregulatory activity. The Center will also continue its
monthly analysis of Federal Register Statistics.
MS-26
-------
1984 Program
The Regulatory Information Service Center is allocating a total of $568,300
and 5.0 total workyears, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation. The Center will continue to produce the Unified Agenda of Federal Regu-
lations for October 1983 and April 1984. The Center will also place into operation
an automated data base of Federal Government regulatory activity and will continue
its monthly analysis of Federal Register Statistics.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $534,100 and 4.0 total workyears for
this program, all of which was in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
Center coordinated the publication of the Unified Agenda of Federal Regulations
for October 1982 and April 1983, and developed the October 1983 Agenda. In addi-
tion, the Center assisted the Canadian government in developing the guidance of
the first Canadian Agenda of Regulations. The Center also produced the monthly
analysis of Federal Register Statistics.
i
ADMINISTRATOR'S REPRESENTATION FUND
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,000 for this program, all of which is in the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This reflects no change from the 1984 level.
This fund will enable the Administrator to host official receptions, meetings, and
affairs for visiting dignitaries and officials.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,000 to this program, all of
which is under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, to cover the expenses
of official receptions and other functions.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,200 for this function under the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,132,400 supported by 22.0 total workyears
for this Office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This reflects an increase of $96,600 for personnel costs and no change in total
workyears from 1984 levels. The Office will continue to provide guidance, coordi-
nation and exchange of scientific and technical information on a regular basis in
support of Agency programs, and promote agreed upon approaches to common environ-
mental problems with border countries, including development of an environmental
agreement with Mexico to control border sanitation problems , and guidance on
international acid precipitation. In 1985, emphasis will also be directed to
ensure the harmonization of regulatory practices to meet environmental objectives
and to facilitate trade and environmental aspects of trade in chemicals and ship-
ment of hazardous wastes.
MS-27
-------
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $1,035,800 and 22.0 total workyears to
this Office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. Dealing
with border pollution problems with Canada and Mexico will continue to dominate
the focus of this office. This includes continuing negotiations on a transboundary
air quality agreement, a joint plan to reduce phosphorous levels in the Great
Lakes, and cooperative efforts to remedy the pollution in the Niagara River Basin.
Negotiations are under way with Mexico concerning a new border agreement on con-
trol of border sanitation problems. New initiatives will be taken in support of
bilateral cooperation with West Germany, Brazil, China, the Netherlands, USSR,
and the Caribbean nations. The Office will also play a strong role in formulating
and implementing Agency policies that affect international trade in chemicals,
transfrontier shipment of hazardous wastes, and the protection of the global
environment including the oceans and atmosphere.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments :
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,071,200 and 23.1 total workyears,
all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The development and
implementation of bilateral cooperation and exchange programs on environmental
issues with Canada and Mexico was the major emphasis in 1983. The environmental
problems with China and the Soviet Union, and with international organizations
such as the United Nations Environmental' Program, the World Health Organization,
and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, were also empha-
sized.
OFFICE OF CIVIL RIGHTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,186,700 supported by 21.8 total workyears
for this Office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
is an increase of $92,100 for personnel costs and no change in total workyears.
In 1985, the Office of Civil Rights will continue development and training
of Civil Rights staff; improve and strengthen external complaints handling system;
continue implementation of Civil Rights training for managers; expand and improve
Agencywide recruitment efforts; and provide technical guidance and direction for the
Agency's civil rights efforts. This office will also provide continuous monitoring
of affirmative action plan implementation; expand and improve the Equal Employment
Opportunity (EEO) counseling program to resolve complaints through informal con-
ciliation; strengthen and improve the special emphasis programs by conducting
seminars and workshops for special emphasis employees and Agency managers; increase
quantity and quality of EEO reviews and studies; strengthen the Agency's participa-
tion in the Historically Black Colleges and Universities Program; and improve the
implementation of the Agency's policy on non-discrimination in Federally assisted
programs.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $1,094,600 and 21.8 total workyears, all
of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The Office of Civil
Rights will continue to carry out equal opportunity hiring and employment programs;
manage the Agency's affirmative action program, special emphasis programs and the
discrimination complaints program; implement regulations and programs requiring
EPA grant recipients to adhere to the civil rights laws and labor standards re-
quirements of applicable Federal statutes; serve as the Agency's focal point for
the Historically Black Colleges and Universities Program; develop a highly trained
Civil Rights staff; establish an external complaints handling system; develop a
MS-28
-------
Civil Rights training program for EPA managers; establish in-house complaints
investigations capability; develop an effective Agencywide recruitment and refer-
ral system; develop systematic approach for internal evaluation and program review;
obtain Health and Human Services approval and promulgate a regulation implementing
the requirements of the Age Discrimination Act of 1975; obtain Department of
Justice and Equal Employment Opportunity Council's approval and publish a regula-
tion implementing the federally conducted aspects of Section 504; develop standards
to waive recommendations in labor standards cases; arrange for an accessibility
study of EPA headquarters for Agency and General Services Administration use;
develop standards for Agency use to insure EPA meetings and conferences are acces-
sible; develop a standardized appeal procedure in labor standards cases; and
publish a final consolidated civil rights regulation.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $946,400 and 20.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which was in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Office provided assistance to EPA program offices in developing the Agency's
plan for support to Historically Black Colleges and Universities; developed an
Agencywide Affirmative Action Plan and monitored the Agency's compliance with
affirmative action goals; managed the Special Emphasis and Discrimination Com-
plaint programs; conducted an EEO Officers Planning Conference; developed an
Agencywide Civil Rights policy statement; and managed the enforcement of labor
standards legislation. In addition, the Office's External Compliance Staff,
assisted by the Department of Justice, internally cleared the Agency's consoli-
dated nondiscrimination regulation.
SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARD
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,165,600 supported by 23.9 total workyears
for this Office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This reflects an increase of $101,000 for personnel costs and no change in total
workyears from 1984 levels. This increase will be used to expand the number of
meetings held to address selected issues. The Deputy Administrator will identify
33-45 regulatory issues for the Science Advisory Board (SAB) to review in 1985.
This review process will enable the Administrator and the Agency to gain greater
credibility by basing regulatory decisions on scientific and technical data which
has been reviewed by the SAB.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $1,064,600 and 23.9 total workyears to
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
SAB will be involved in a number of reviews during 1984. Included among these
will be the Review of the Integrated Environmental Management Project; Research
Outlook Review; Review of EPA's Scientific and Technological Achievement Awards;
Review of Seven Health Assessment Documents, to be identified; Review of Health
Advisories for Safe Drinking Water; Review of Two Effluent Guidelines for Indus-
trial Source Categories. Other issues handled by the SAB include review of the
Ambient Air Quality Standards for Lead and Ozone; Review of the Status of the
Ambient Air Quality Research Program; Review of the Methodologies Used for Setting
Ambient Air Quality Standards; Review of the EPA Acidic Deposition Research Program;
Review of Acidic Deposition Assessment Activities; Review of the Development Plans
for Two Revised Air Quality Criteria Documents; Review of the Sewage Sludge Disposal
Guidelines; Superfund Assessment Activities; and Three Research Program Reviews.
MS-29
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total: of $857,600 and 14.6 total workyears for
this program, all of which was under the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
During 1983, the SAB provided advice on High Level Radioactive Waste Disposal
Standards; Site-specific Water Quality Criteria; Guidelines for Mutagenicity Risk
Assessment; Maximum Contaminant Levels for Volatile Organic Chemicals in Drinking
Water; Health Advisories on Aldicarb and on Unregulated Contaminants in Drinking
Water; Effluent Guidelines for the Pesticide Industry; EPA's Sludge Management
Guidelines; proposed revisions to the Agency's Secondary Treatment Regulations;
Air Quality Criteria Documents for lead and ozone published under section 108, and
national primary and secondary ambient air quality standards published under sec-
tion 109 of the Clean Air Act. Other reviews by the SAB included Critical Assess-
ment Document for Acidic Deposition; Health Risk Assessment Methodology for Alter-
native National Ambient Air Quality Standards; proposals to reorganize EPA's
research laboratories; EPA's Five Year R&D Plan; and Health Assessment Documents
for Hazardous Pollutants; and other issues.
!
OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUDGES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $770,300 supported by 15.6 total workyears for
this Office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
reflects an increase of $68,500 for personnel costs and no change in total work-
years from 1984 levels. In 1985, this Office will continue to preside over and
conduct hearings required by the Administrative Procedures Act related to suspen-
sion, cancellation, licensing and enforcement actions, including the assessment
of civil penalties initiated by the -Agency. "Preliminary estimates indicate a
significant number of new Section 120 Clean Air Act, and Resource Conservation
and Recovery Act (Solid Waste Disposal Act) cases in 1985. The Administrative
Law Judges will also continue to adjudicate civil rights cases investigated by the
Office of Civil Rights.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $701,800 and 15.6 total workyears to this
program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The total
number of cases expected from EPA regional offices in 1984 is 578 cases. This
represents an increase of 143 cases over 1983, an increase in case workload of 33
percent. In addition, this Office will handle cases originating at Headquarters,
including suspensions, cancellations, Section 3(c)(l)(D) of the Federal Insecti-
cide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, Clean Air Act cases, and Civil Rights cases.
Civil Rights cases are not reflected in any of the cited figures.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $601,800 and 13.8 total workyears
for this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
For 1983, this Office maintained a docket of 433 cases, 343 of which were new
cases docketed in 1983, and 90 of which were carried over from previous years.
During the year, 186 cases were settled by Consent Agreement and Final Order,
Withdrawal of Complaint, and Dismissal of Case. There were 26 Initial Decisions
issued by the Office of Administrative Law Judges in 1983. Again, Civil Rights
cases are not reflected in any of the above figures.
.MS-30
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OFFICE OF SHALL AND DISADVANTAGED BUSINESS UTILIZATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $240,400 and 4.9 total workyears for this Office,
all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents
an increase of $29,400 for personnel costs and no change in total workyears from
1984 levels. In 1985, the Office will continue to coordinate activities with
EPA's procurement and financial assistance programs by providing training and
technical assistance. The Office will provide assistance toward increasing the
level of Minority Business Enterprise/Women's Business Enterprise (MBE/WBE) parti-
cipation in EPA-assisted programs by assisting contract officers, program office
managers, and grant recipients in locating qualified contractors by creating source
lists and a complete Central Resource Directory (CRD), and by developing and imple-
menting indirect procurement policy guidance. Resources will be devoted to pro-
viding technical and managerial assistance to Headquarters and Regional staff
assigned to socioeconomic program activities and counseling to minority and women's
business in compliance with Executive Order 12432. Through this effort the Agency
will increase the percentage of awards to MBEs and WBEs in both direct and in-
di rect p rocu rement s.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $211,000 and 4.9 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In
1984, the Office will implement the Presidential directive to assure increased
minority business participation in contracting under grants and cooperative agree-
ments. Extensive assistance to program and Regional Offices, grant recipients,
and minority contractors is anticipated.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accompli shments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $303,600 and 6.6 total workyears, all
of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The Agency awarded 35
percent of its direct procurement dollars to small and disadvantaged businesses.
In addition, during the year the Agency's grant/cooperative agreement recipients
awarded over 10 percent of their subcontracting dollars to MBEs and WBEs.
MS-31
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
CO
f\J
Program Management -
Policy, Planning &
Evaluation
Salaries & Expenses
Integrated
Environmental
Management Program
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Policy
Analysis
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Standards &
Regulations
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Management
Systems & Evaluation
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Policy,
Planning and Evaluation
$794.9
$794.9
$950.9
$950.9
$950.9
$950.9
$3,801.5 $3,341.6 $3,803.6
$3,801.5 $3,341.6 $3,803.6
$8,269.6 $8,070.9 $8,257.2
$8,269.6 $8,070.9 $8,257.2
,3,993.5 $4,020.2 $4,020.2
,3,993.5 $4,020.2 $4,020.2
$2,454.1 $2,250.1 $2,458.6
$2,454.1 $2,250.1 $2,458.6
$19,313.6 $18,633.7 $19,490.5
TOTAL $19,313.6 $18,633.7 $19,490.5
$990.1
$990.1
$3,556.8
$3,556.8
$8,336.9
$8,336.9
$4,187.3
$4,187.3
$2,456.8
$2,456.8
$19,527.9
$19,527.9
$1,016.9
$1,016.9
$3,640.6
$3,640.6
$5,018.1
$5,018.1
$2,595.3
$2,595.3
$26.8
$26.8
$83.8
$83.8
$10,479.2 $2,142.3
$10,479.2 $2,142.3
$830.8
$830.8
$138.5
$138.5
$22,750.1 $3,222.2
$22,750.1 $3,222.2
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CO
I
CO
CO
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Program Management - 13.4 16.0 16.0 15.0
Policy, Planning &
Evaluation
Integrated 14.5 12.0 21.1 17.1
Environmental
Management Program
Office of Policy 36.1 31.1 33.1 33.1
Analysis
Office of Standards & 35.9 40.0 40.0 44.0
Regulations
Office of Management 39.5 37.1 41.7 41.7
Systems & Evaluation
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 139.4 136.2 151.9 150.9
17.0 2.0
18.0 .9
43.0 9.9
47.0 3.0
43.0 1.3
168.0 17.1
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CO
-p.
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Program Management - 16.1 21.1 21.1 20.1
Policy, Planning &
Evaluation
Integrated 17.0 14.0 25.0 20.0
Environmental
Management Program
Office of Policy 60.2 54.3 58.3 62.1
Analysis
Office of Standards 8 58.4 66.5 66.5 67.7
Regulations
Office of Management 49.8 48.0 53.0 53.0
Systems & Evaluation
TOTAL WORKYEARS 201.5 203.9 223.9 222.9
20.1
20.0
62.1
67.7
53.0
222.9
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of Policy. Planning and Evaluation
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $22,750,100 supported by 222.9 total workyears,
all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an increase of
$3,222,200 and no total workyears from 1984.
Program Description
The Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation (OPPE), under the guidance of
the Assistant Administrator, directs the Agency's regulation development and review
process, formulates Agency policy, and develops planning strategy.
Specifically, OPPE reviews all EPA regulations to ensure consistency with
Agency policy, coordinates all internal Agency reviews of regulations, and leads
the Agency's regulatory reform activities.
In addition, OPPE's analyses of the economic and environmental effects of
EPA's regulations, policies, and programs, as well as evaluations of the effective-
ness of ongoing Agency programs, stimulate policy formulation. Through these
programs, the Agency is developing a framework for a well-run strategic planning
and management process, and ensuring that EPA's program objectives and environ-
mental goals are clearly defined and met. OPPE also provides special studies and
analyses to support Agency decision making processes in both management and
program areas. A brief description of each of the program elements included in
OPPE follows:
Program Management - Policy, Planning and Evaluation -- This program element
supports the Assistant Administrator'sImmediate Office and provides senior OPPE
managers with policy direction, program planning, and budgeting and resource
management.
Integrated Environmental Management Program This program is developing an
integrated planning and program management strategy to make regulations more con-
sistent and to avoid unnecessary economic or environmental impacts.
Office of Policy Analysis This program element contains resources to ana-
lyze aTlETA"regulations, policies, and programs from the perspective of their
economic and environmental impacts and benefits.
Office of Standards and Regulations ~ This office manages the Agency's regu-
lation development and review process, analyzes all of EPA's regulations to ensure
technical quality and consistency with Agency policy, designs the Agency's regula-
tory reform activities, and develops innovative approaches to regulation.
Office of Management Systems and Evaluation This program operates the Agen-
cy's accountability system, evaluates program effectiveness in meeting Agency
goals, and designs and implements necessary management reforms, including a system
to manage for environmental results.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - POLICY, PLANNING AND EVALUATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,016,900 supported by 20.1 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
an increase of $26,800 and no workyears from 1984. The increase results from
increased personnel costs. This request will provide the Assistant Administrator
MS-35
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with sufficient staff and resources for budgetary and administrative support
necessary to manage OPPE and its component offices efficiently and effectively.
Resources will be available for policy direction, quality control of regulations,
and special studies and analyses.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $990,100 and 20.1 total work-
years to this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This program is providing overall policy direction and conducting the activities
necessary to manage the component offices of the Office of Policy, Planning and
Evaluation, including special studies and analyses to support the OPPE decision-
making process.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$39,200 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (+$39,200) Several reprogrammings were made to this acti-
vity which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes -resulted in a net increase of +$39,200 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $794,900 and 16.1 total workyears
for this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These funds supported the basic budgetary, administrative, analytic, and planning
activities necessary to manage the Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation.
INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,640,600 supported by 20.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
an increase of $83,800 and no workyears from 1984. The increase is due to in-
creases in operating and personnel costs. These resources will allow the Inte-
grated Environmental Management Program (IEMP) to continue work on the industry
studies. Consistency in the current library of industry models will also be
analyzed and revised as necessary in order to run all models together and IEMP
will develop an internal operations research and computer capacity. In addition,
IEMP will complete work on the third geographic project as well as start work on
the fourth and fifth sites. Consistent with the Administrator's decision, IEMP
will also implement the recommendations presented in its 1984 report summarizing
the national implications of the geographic projects undertaken.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,556,800 and 20.0 total work-
years to this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation. With these resources IEMP is undertaking new industry studies to better
assess the cost-effectiveness of all environmental regulations for particular
industrial sectors. It is also working on three geographic study areas (two of
which are expected to be completed by the end of 1984) to further develop strate-
gies for enabling Federal, State, and local governments to jointly develop effic-
cient environmental control for particular geographic areas. In addition, IEMP
is preparing a report summarizing the national implications of the geographic
projects conducted to date and is determining whether it is feasible to transfer
the application of the geographic approach to Regional offices and States or
whether other operational modes should be considered.
MS-36
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$246,800 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$246,800) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$246,800 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,801,500 and 17.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources were used to focus on and further refine the industry and geo-
graphic methodologies formulated in 1981 and 1982. A mathematical programming
model was developed, making possible the estimation of the most cost-effective
pollution control strategies for the industry under study. An enhanced geogra-
phic approach was introduced as a demonstration in the Philadelphia area and work
commenced on applying such methodology to a second demonstration site in Baltimore.
During 1983 this program was known as the Program Integration Project (PIP).
OFFICE OF POLICY ANALYSIS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $10,479,200 supported by 62.1 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
an increase of $2,142,300 and no workyears from 1984. The increase is primarily
due to the transfer of the extramural funding for the economic research program
from the Office of Research and Development to the Office of Policy Analysis
(OPA). In 1985, OPA will complete the Congressional ly-required "Cost of Clean Air
and Water" report, complete studies of the macroeconomic impacts of EPA regula-
tions, undertake analyses of risk, management across programs, and perform studies
on the combined economic impact of all EPA regulations on two major industries as
well as several company or plant specific financial analyses. OPA's Benefits
Program will incoporate benefits analysis in decisions on construction grants and
initiate a major effort to improve risk and benefit techniques applied by the Pes-
ticides Program. Lastly, OPA's Economic Research Program will renew many of the
cooperative agreements supporting the extensive system of "centers of excellence"
established in 1983. With these funds-, particular attention will be paid to water-
related benefits methods, national benefits estimations, ozone-related benefits,
and exposure estimations.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,336,900 and 62.1 total work-
years to this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
With these resources, OPA is focusing on reviewing existing regulations and stan-
dards, which requires intensified cost-benefit and cost-effpcti veness analysis.
OPA is placing additional emphasis on intra-industry and cross-industry cost-
effectiveness comparison. To effectively support this activity, the office is
thoroughly reviewing its existing data base and upgrading and expanding it as
necessary. The Agency is reviewing all the National Ambient Air Quality Standards
as well as many of its recently promulgated effluent guidelines. Amendments to
the Clean Air and Clean Water Acts may lead to even more extensive regulatory
reviews. OPA is initiating a new Congressional!y-mandated "Cost of Clean Air and
Water" report. OPA is also continuing its strategic studies which examine the
cumulative macroeconomic impacts of EPA's regulations on major industries. OPA's
Benefits Program is pursuing major efforts to incorporate benefits analysis in a
variety of regulatory situations, including development of the Agency's groundwater
strategy. And, its Economic Research Program is developing improved methods for
determining the economic benefits and, to a much more limited extent, the economic
costs of pollution control.
MS-37
-------
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$79,700 results from the following action:
-Reprograimning. (+$79,700) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$79,700 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $8,269,600 and 60.2 total workyears
for this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
OPA continued to oversee the Agency's implementation of Executive Order 12291,
working closely with program offices to evaluate the costs, economic impact, and
benefits of prospective regulatory requirements or changes. OPA analyzed the
economic impact of potential amendments to the Clean Air and Water Acts and com-
pleted the "Cost of Clean Air and Water" report. Work was also concluded on the
permitting progress of important energy projects. A study of the macroeconomic
impacts of all EPA regulations was initiated.
OFFICE OF STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,018,100 supported by 67.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
an increase of $830,800 and no workyears from 1984. The increase is primarily
due to the transfer of the toxics integration extramural dollars into this pro-
gram. In 1985, the Office of Standards and Regulations (OSR) will maintain com-
pliance with Executive Order 12291, the Regulatory Flexibility Act, the Paperwork
Reduction Act, and Federal Register requirements by continuing its technical,
statistical, and policy review of existing regulations as well as those under
development. It will also concentrate on analyses of Agencywide scientific issues
that affect rulemaking. Additionally, OSR will work on several chemical studies
and complete studies of cross program chemical regulation priorities.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,187,300 and 67.7 total work-
years to this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This level of resources allows OSR to continue its effective management and over-
sight of the regulation development and review process ensuring compliance with
Executive Order 12291, the Regulatory Flexibility Act, the Paperwork Reduction
Act, and Federal Register requirements. OSR is intensifying regulatory reform
and relief efforts and is continuing to concentrate on improving the scientific,
engineering, and statistical base for regulations and policies. It is also devel-
oping and testing an integrated cost-effectiveness model for multi-media chemical
control and is initiating an Agencywide investigation of priorities for regulating
chemicals.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The npt increase of +$167,100 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$167,100) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$167,100 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
MS-38
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,993,500 and 58.4 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
OSR initiated efforts to improve the scientific, engineering, and statistical base
of the Agency's regulations and policies. In addition, OSR's procedural improve-
ments included earlier and more substantive technical, economic, and policy review
of Agency regulations, standards, and criteria. State involvement in the rule
development process was also enhanced. OSR continued to reduce excessive paperwork
burdens imposed by EPA regulations through the application of rigorous independent
analysis as well as to review new and existing rules and policies. OSR also
initiated an outreach program for regulatory improvement, revised and strengthened
the environmental integrity of emissions trading, approved or proposed approval of
twelve state generic rules and trading applications, and continued developmpnt of
compliance and enforcement reforms.
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND EVALUATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,595,300 supported by 53.0 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
an increase of $138,500 and no workyears from 1984. The increase is due to in-
creases in personnel and operating costs. With these resources, the Office of
Management Systems and Evaluation (OMSE) will assess whether Agency goals and
program commitments are being met and what corrective actions should be taken if
weaknesses are detected. In order to accomplish this, OMSE will carry out eval-
uations of major programs or program components, perform short-term management
reviews, and operate the management accountability system and ensure its integra-
tion with other Agency management systems. OMSE will also develop Agencywide
planning guidance and will implement a special tracking system for the Deputy
Administrator. The Regional Administrator's Environmental Management Reports will
continue under OMSE auspices as will the development of improved indicators of
environmental status and trends and improved monitoring strategies.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,456,800 and 53.0 total work-
ypars for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation. This level of funding allows OMSE to assess the Agency's effectiveness in
meeting program goals and commitments by conducting evaluations of major programs,
by running the management accountability system, by performing a number of quality
assurance reviews, and by developing and recommending corrective actions where the
need for improvement is identified. Also, OMSE is developing mechanisms for
connecting the accountability system, which measures each program's progress in
meeting its goals and commitments, with other Agency management systems such as
performance standards, merit pay, managing for environmental results, and the
budget process. In addition, OMSE is working with Headquarters and Regional
offices to develop improved indicators of environmental status and trends, and
improved monitoring strategies. OMSE is also overseeing implementation of the
recommendations contained in the final report of the State-Federal task force.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$1,800 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$1,800) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$1,800 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
MS-39
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,454,100 and 49.8 total workyears
to this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
OMSE completed the development of an Agency strategic plan for program delegation
to the States and was involved in developing other issue specific integrated
management plans through work on the Administrator's management guidance for 1984
and 1985. It worked to develop strategies for improving EPA's partnership with the
States and concluded evaluations on the ocean dumping program, alternatives to land
disposal of hazardous waste, Air New Source Performance Standards, and hazardous
air pollutants. OMSE expanded its efforts to implement and refine the account-
ability system for the Administrator, to conduct in-depth quality assurance reviews
of programs, and to promote the adoption of baseline measures in environmental
quality to assess performance and guide the Agency's allocation of resources toward
actions which helped to provide the greatest environmental results.
MS-40
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of General Counsel
PROGRAM
General Counsel
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Office of General TOTAL
Counsel
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
General Counsel
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
General Counsel
TOTAL WORKYEARS
ACTUAL
1983
$5,347.9
$5,347.9
$5,347.9
$5,347.9
106.1
106.1
115.1
115.1
BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL
ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST
1984 1984 1984
(DOLLARS
$6,172.5
$6,172.5
$6,172.5
$6,172.5
119.0
119.0
129.5
129.5
IN THOUSANDS)
$7,017.0 $6,198.5
$7,017.0 $6,198.5
$7,017.0 $6,198.5
$7,017.0 $6,198.5
132.9 119.0
132.9 119.0
150.4 129.5
150.4 129.5
ESTIMATE
1985
$6,314.
$6,314.
$6,314.
$6,314.
119.
119.
129.
129.
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
7 $116.2
7 $116.2
7 $116.2
7 $116.2
0
0
5
5
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of General Counsel
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,314,700 supported by 129.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an
increase of $116,200 and no total workyears. The increase reflects an increase in
personnel and operating costs.
Program Description
This activity provides Agency program offices with interpretations of EPA
administered statutes and other applicable laws and legal advice on all major
regulatory decisions and other Agency actions. With the Department of Justice,
it handles all litigation activities in which EPA is a defendant.
GENERAL COUNSEL
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,314,700 supported by 129.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The increase of $116,200 and no total workyears from 1984 represents an increase
in personnel costs and operating support.
Priority functions in 1985 include: handling all litigation in which EPA is a
defendant; a large volume of complex Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
regulatory reviews; RCRA State delegations; RCRA, National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System, and Safe Drinking Water Act permit reviews; Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act adjudicatory proceedings; Rebuttable Presumption
Against Registration conclusions; Clean Air Act and National Ambient Air Quality
Standards revisions; National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
standards; State Implementation Plan reviews; support to the Office of Inspector
General; construction grant support; bid protests; debarment and suspension imple-
mentation; and Freedom of Information Act and personnel ethics matters.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $6,198,500 and 129.5 total work-
years to this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The 1984 program provides continued support to Agency media program priorities
through legal advice and assistance, handling defensive litigation, and participat-
ing in selected administrative proceedings.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$818,500 results from the following actions:
-Reorganization. (-$835,500) A Congressionally approved reorganization to
create the Office of External Affairs (OEA) moved the Legislative Division from
the Office of General Counsel to OEA and established the Office of Legislative
Analysis.
-Reprograrninings. (-i-$17,000) Several reprogrammings were made to this activi-
ty which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net increase of +$17,000 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
MS-42
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1 983 Accompl1shments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $5,347,900 and 115.1 total workyears
all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In 1983, the General
Counsel supported Agency priorities by providing legal advice and support to Agency
managers and defending the Agency in litigation filed against it. The Office of
General Counsel also reviewed selected regulatory actions to ensure legal defen-
sibility and provided advice on other actions, such as grants, contracts, and
personnel actions.
MS-43
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of External Affairs
ACTUAL BUPGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
I
-p.
»»
Office of Legislative
Analysis
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Office of Congressional
Li aison
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Public
Affairs
Salaries & Expenses
Office of
Intergovernmental
Liaison
Salaries & Expenses
Office of Federal
Activities
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses
Office of External
Affairs
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
1,404.7 $1,811.6 $1,115.4
1,404.7 $1,811.6 $1,115.4
$504.6
$504.6
$532.2
$532.2
$532.2
$532.2
$835.5
$835.5
$929.9
$929.9
$2,043.0 $1,393.1 $1,741.7 $2,182.3
$2,043.0 $1,393.1 $1,741.7 $2,182.3
$532.2
$532.2
$1,083.7 $1,643.9 $1,635.0 $1,635.0
$1,083.7 $1,643.9 $1,635.0 $1,635.0
$5,036.0 $5,380.8 $5,024.3 $6,114.9
$5,036.0 $5,380.8 $5,024.3 $6,114.9
$903.1
$903.1
$1,014.0
$1,014.0
$2,324.5
$2,324.5
$560.6
$560.6
$1,697.2
$1,697.2
$6,499.4
$6,499.4
$67.6
$67.6
$84.1
$84.1
$142.2
$142.2
$28.4
$28.4
$62.2
$62.2
$384.5
$384.5
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I
-t*
171
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of External Affairs
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office of Legislative
Analysis
Office of Congressional
Liaison
Office of Public
Affairs
Office of
Intergovernmental
Liaison
Office of Federal
Activities
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS
26.0 31.9
39.4 20.1
6.4 6.4
21.9 24.2
93.7 82.6
IN THOUSANDS)
22.5
30.4
6.4
24.2
83.5
13.9
17.0
43.4
6.4
24.2
104.9
13.9
19.5 2.5
45.6 2.2
9.7 3.3
24.3 .1
113.0 8.1
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of External Affairs
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
in
i
-t»
Ol
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Office of Legislative
Analysis
Office of Congressional
Liaison
Office of Public
Affairs
Office of
Intergovernmental
Liaison
Office of Federal
Activities
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS
34.5 43.4
44.5 25.5
10.1 9.7
25.0 29.3
114.0 107.9
IN THOUSANDS)
27.5
36.8
9.7
29.3
103.3
20.9
21.5
50.6
9.7
29.3
132.0
20.9
21.5
50.6
9.7
29.3
132.0
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of External Affairs
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,499,400 for the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation supported by 132.0 total workyears for the Office of External
Affairs in 1985. This is an increase of $384,500 and an increase of no workyears
from 1984. These resources will enable the Office of External Affairs to support
the Administrator and each Assistant Administrator in more effectively communica-
ting the Agency's program activities and mandates within and outside the Agency.
Program Description
These resources include the salaries and associated costs for the Office of
Legislative Analysis, the Office of Congressional Liaison, the Office of Public
Affairs, the Office of Intergovernmental Liaison, and the Office of Federal
Activities. The Office of External Affairs was created at the start of 1984
by consolidating the independent activities of four former staff offices of the
Office of the Administrator. The Administrator created this new organization to
improve the public perception of the Agency, to increase Agency effectiveness by
improving Congressional liaison, to establish outreach to broaden our constituency
base through State and local contacts, public interest groups, and citizen partici-
pation, and to reaffirm and strengthen Federal agency contacts.
Office of Legislative Analysis ~ This office is responsible for preparing
Agency draftlegislation,developing testimony for Agency officials to present
before Congress, and conducting analysis of environmentally related legislation
developed by the Congress. It works closely with the Administrator, Assistant
Administrator for External Affairs, and the program offices in developing the
Agency's legislative program and in guiding specific legislative proposals through
the inter-agency legislative clearance process. This office also maintains the
Agency's Legislative Reference Library and provides legislative research services
for the Agency.
Office of Congressional Liaison ~ This office serves as the principal point
of Congressional contact for the Agency. It provides daily summaries of Congres-
sional activities throughout EPA and provides recommendations, advice, and assis-
tance to the Administrator, Assistant Administrator for External Affairs, and other
senior policy officials involved with the development, presentation, and implemen-
tation of the Agency's legislative program. The office reviews all Congressional
correspondence, responds to Congressional requests for information and Agency
publications, and coordinates grant and contract announcements to Congress.
Office of Public Affairs This office develops Agency policy for media
relations and public information. Its activities include: preparing press releases
and feature material for media distribution; responding to press inquiries; con-
ducting press conferences and briefings; coordinating media appearances of key
Agency officials; and compiling daily and weekly newsclips of national press
coverage. The office also prepares publications for the general public on major
programs and activities of EPA; produces newsletters for internal EPA use; super-
vises the nationwide EPA community relations program to inform citizens of EPA
decisions and actions; supports television and radio outlets nationwide with
audiovisual materials explaining EPA programs; and reviews all public information
materials for conformance to the Agency's Graphics Standards System.
Office of Intergovernmental Liaison This office serves as the Agency's
principal pointof contact with major national public interest groups, environ-
mental groups, industry representatives, and State and local governments; advises
the Administrator and other Agency officials on the positions and views of these
yroups; and develops appropriate strategies for effective interactions and dia-
MS-47
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logue with them and their constituencies. The office will continue to emphasize
the Administrator's concern for developing cooperation and support for delegating
Agency programs to State and local governments and for broadening the base of
involvement in the Agency's regulatory decision making process.
Office of Federal Activities This office develops national policies for
dealing with environmentalissues and problems associated with Federal agencies.
Specifically, the Office of Federal Activities (OFA) is responsible for ensuring
that EPA and other Federal agencies carry out their activities in an environmen-
tally sound manner pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act and Section
309 of the Clean Air Act. In this capacity, OFA files and publishes notices of
all Environmental Impact Statements. In concert with the Army Corps of Engineers,
OFA manages the Dredge and Fill program under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act.
OFA oversees Federal facility compliance with all Federal statutory environmental
requirements, and specifically with Executive Order 12088. OFA also develops
policies for dealing with environmental problems on Indian reservations and im-
plements such policies.
OFFICE OF LEGISLATIVE ANALYSIS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $903,100 supported by 20.9 total workyears for
this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
reflects an increase of $67,600 and no workyears from 1984 levels. The increase
is due to increases in personnel and support costs. During 1985, the office will
realize efficiencies in dealing with Congressional and Agency requests due to
continuing computerization of routine legislative research functions. The budget
request will enable the office to ensure legislation, testimony, and reports on
legislation are developed for presentation to the Congress in a timely manner.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $835,500 and 20.9 total workyears to this
office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The Office
of Legislative Analysis provides leadership and support for special working groups
established within the Agency to draft legislative initiatives in key areas. It
ensures that testimony, drafting of legislation, and reports on pending and enacted
legislation will be developed and provided to the Congress in a timely fashion.
In addition to providing technical support to the Agency and the Office of Congres-
sional Liaison on the major environmental legislation developing in Congress,
special attention will be devoted to reauthorization of the Clean Air, Clean Water,
and Safe Drinking Water Acts. The office is also responsible for representing the
Agency in all legislation-related day-to-day contacts with the Office of Management
and Budget and other Federal agencies.
In late 1983, the Office of Legislation was abolished and the Legislation
Division was transferred to the Office of General Counsel. Upon further review,
it was determined that the Legislative Division should be established as a sep-
arate operating entity within the Office of External Affairs to improve the effec-
tiveness of the Agency in presenting a cohesive legislative program to the Congress
and the public.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$835,500 results from the following action:
-Reorganization. (+$835,500) A Congressionally approved reorganization to
create the Office of External Affairs (OEA) moved the Legislative Division from
the Office of General Counsel to OEA and established the Office of Legislative
Analysis.
MS-48
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1983 Accomplishments
The 1983 resources for the Legislative Division are reflected in the Congres-
sional Liaison program element. In 1983, the Office of Legislative Analysis
reviewed legislative suggestions from the program offices for consistency with the
Administrator's overall goals and policies and recommended to the Administrator a
package of legislative amendments to be pursued in 1984. In addition, the Office
of Legislative Analysis developed testimony and related material for 87 hearings,
and submitted 6 formal legislative proposals, two of which became public law.
OFFICE OF CONGRESSIONAL LIAISON
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,014,000 supported by 21.5 total workyears
for this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This reflects an increase of $84,100 and no workyears from 1984 levels. The
increase in dollars is due to more accurate pricing of workyears and support costs.
The continuing use of computerized data bases for routine research and information
functions within the Office of Congressional Liaison (OCL) and the Office of Legis-
lative Analysis will enable OCL staff to deal more rapidly with Congressional
requests in 1985. The budget request will enable the office to provide day-to-day
liaison with the Congress and will ensure that legislation, testimony, reports on
legislation, and Member and Committee requests are provided in a timely manner.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $929,900 and 21.5 total workyears to this
office, all of which is for Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The Office of
Congressional Liaison represents the views of the Agency before Congress and is
responsible for the coordination of EPA-related hearings, the legislative manage-
ment of the Agency's nine major statutory authorities, the briefing of affected
Congressional delegations, and the supervision of Congressionally generated case-
work and all daily interaction with Congressional Members and staff. Special
attention in the second session of the 98th Congress will be placed on Congressional
actions involving such major pieces of legislation as CERCLA, TSCA, the Clean Air
Act, and the Clean Water Act.
At the start of 1984, the Office of Congressional Liaison was established as
a separate operating entity.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$185,500 results from the following actions:
-Reprogramming. (-$185,500) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$26,500 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Another reprogramming totaling -$159,000, transferred resources from the
Office of Congressional Liaison to the Pollutant Strategies and Air Standards
Development Program at the direction of Congress in a letter dated October 20,
1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,404,700 and 34.5 total workyears
for this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These obligations represent the combined expenditures for the Offices of Congres-
sional Liaison (formerly the Congressional Liaison Division of the Office of Legis-
lation) and Legislative Analysis (formerly the Legislative Division of the Office
of Legislation).
MS-49
-------
The Office of Congressional Liaison was responsible for all day-to-day Con-
gressional contacts, including more than 200 briefings of Members and/or staff,
involvement in 87 hearings, and coordination of more than 70 specific Committee
investigative information requests.
OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,324,500 supported by 50.6 total workyears
for this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This reflects an increase of $142,200 and no workyears from 1984 levels. The
increase reflects more accurate pricing of workyears and support costs. In 1985,
the Office of Public Affairs (OPA) will continue to educate the public about the
issues before the Agency and to promote a better understanding of the Administra-
tor's objectives and goals as well as the Agency's mission.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating a total of $2,182,300 and 50.6 total workyears for
this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In
addition to working with the news media and providing informational materials
for the general public, OPA activities will be devoted to: (1) establishing a
Community Relations arm to design, develop and coordinate strategies to explain
EPA activities on a proactive and ongoing basis; (2) improving Agency publications
to ensure that Congress, the public and the regulated community are adequately in-
formed about Agency activities; and (3) improving internal communications by ex-
panding news briefs, instituting a management bulletin, and coordinating Regional
news monitoring.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$440,600 results from the following action:
-Reorganization. (+$440,600) A Congressionally approved reorganization to
create the Office of External Affairs (OEA) transferred resources from the
Immediate Office of External Affairs to the Office of Public Affairs to reflect
the transfer of the Audiovisual Division to that organization.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,043,000 and 44.5 total workyears,
all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In addition to
its regular duties, the office assisted in the production of an annual Administra-
tor's Report to the President; published a new booklet as a guide to the Agency
and its activities; initiated a more comprehensive daily news briefs publication
for the use of top Agency officials in both headquarters and the regions; and
implemented the Agency's Peer Review and Administrative Control System.
OFFICE OF INTERGOVERNMENTAL LIAISON
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $560,600 supported by 9.7 total workyears for
this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
represents an increase of $28,400 and no workyears from 1984 levels. The increase
in resources reflects more accurate pricing of workyears and support costs. In
1985, the office expects to continue to enhance its program of communication and
liaison with State and local elected officials and major intergovernmental consti-
MS-50
-------
tuency organizations (ICOs). The office will initiate outreach efforts for envi-
ronmental and industry interest groups, and will play a major role in the implemen-
tation of the Agency's State-Federal Roles Task Force recommendations.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $532,200 and 9.7 total workyears,
all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The current fiscal
year program includes activities which support one of the Administrator's primary
goals, to pursue delegation of EPA programs to State and local governments. The
office will improve communication with elected State and local officials by main-
taining regular contact with intergovernmental constituent organizations, environ-
mental and industry organizations, and interest groups; representing the Agency
at meetings conducted by ICO environmental committees and assisting in the develop-
ment of ICO environmental policy statements; developing an Agency policy on the
review of ICO contract and grant requests to ensure relevant and cost-effective
work products; participating in Agencywide workgroups on EPA policy management
issues; communicating on a regular and frequent basis with elected State and local
officials; and providing advice on State and local concerns to senior Agency
officials.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $504,600 and 10.1 total workyears
for this program, all of which was in the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
During 1983, the office established and improved basic working relationships with
intergovernmental constituency organizations, attended and/or addressed numerous
meetings of ICO environmental committees, began a series of informal meetings
with various business groups, and communicated on a daily basis with numerous
elected State and local officials.
OFFICE OF FEDERAL ACTIVITIES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,697,200 supported by 29.3 total workyears
for this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $62,200 and no workyears. The increase reflects
more accurate pricing of workyears and support costs. The Office of Federal
Activities (OFA) will maintain oversight concerning EPA's compliance with the
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), including preparation of the necessary
environmental documents for NEPA compliance, such as Environmental Impact State-
ments (EISs); review other Federal agencies' projects and actions including their
EISs; direct activities to assure compliance by other Federal agencies with all
environmental statutes pursuant to Executive Order 12088; review the budget plans
of other agencies to assure adequate funding of pollution abatement projects
pursuant to Office of Management and Budget Circular A-106; manage the dredge and
fill (Section 404) program; and coordinate EPA programs for Indian reservations.
1984 Accomplishments
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $1,635,000 and 29.3 total workyears for
this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
Office of Federal Activities develops guidance and directs implementation of EPA
policies associated with other Federal agencies; it has been increasing liaison
activities with these agencies. OFA plans to revise and update policies and
guidance for its programs, including development of Agency Indian policies. In
MS-51
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addition, the office continues to review and prepare EISs, review other Federal
actions, and pursuant to Executive Order 12088 and Office of Management and
Budget Circular A-106, direct activities related to compliance of Federal instal-
lations with environmental regulations.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $1,083,700 and 25.0 total work-
years, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The Office
of Federal Activities focused its activity on regulatory reform within the 404
program and on development and implementation of Agency policies and guidance
associated with other Federal agencies. Specifically, OFA reviewed about 200
Environmental Impact Statements, and proposed rules and regulations pursuant to
the National Environmental Policy Act and Section 309 of the Clean Air Act. OFA
continued to direct activities to assure Federal facility compliance with all
environmental mandates.
MS-52
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Inspector General
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Office of Inspector
General
Salaries & Expenses $11,309.1 $12,163.1 $13,600.0 $13,761.2 $14,695.4 $934.2
TOTAL $11,309.1 $12,163.1 $13,600.0 $13,761.2 $14,695.4 $934.2
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $11,309.1 $12,163.1 $13,600.0 $13,761.2 $14,695.4 $934.2
Office of Inspector TOTAL $11,309.1 $12,163.1 $13,600.0 $13,761.2 $14,695.4 $934.2
General
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Office of Inspector
General
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Office of Inspector
General
TOTAL WORKYEARS
140.7 140.7
140.7 140.7
160.1 170.7
160.1 170.7
173.6
173.6
206.7
206.7
172.6
172.6
205.7
205.7
211.7 39.1
211.7 39.1
215.7 10.0
215.7 10.0
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of Inspector General
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,695,400 supported by 215.7 total workyears
for this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
is an increase of $934,200 and 10.0 total workyears to establish a fraud prevention
program and support ongoing activities.
Program Description
This office Is responsible for: conducting, supervising, and coordinating
audits and investigations relating to EPA programs and operations; promoting econ-
omy and effectiveness in the administration of EPA programs; preventing and detect-
ing fraud and abuse in EPA programs and operations; keeping the Administrator and
the Congress advised of problem areas and related corrective action; and reviewing
EPA regulations and legislation.
OFFICE OF INSPECTOR GENERAL
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $14,695,400 supported by 215.7 total workyears
for this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
reflects an Increase of 10.0 total workyears and $934,200. The additional re-
sources requested will be used to establish a fraud prevention program and enhance
the operations discussed below. The Office of the Inspector General (IG) will
continue to place primary emphasis on increasing internal and management audits of
Agency programs, reducing the backlog of construction grant final audits, and
investigating antitrust violations, white collar crimes, employee misconduct, and
improprieties by contractors.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $13,761,200 and 205.7 total work-
years to this office, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
The Office of the Inspector General will increase its efforts in performing inter-
nal and management audits needed to help improve the economy, efficiency, and
effectiveness of overall program operations. Primary emphasis will be on reviewing
programs or areas which have never been reviewed. For example, reviews will be
made of the adequacy of:
- Federal and state controls to assure that hazardous and toxic materials
are not improperly disposed of in open dumps and land fills;
- State agency management of construction grant programs to assure that
facilities being constructed are needed, properly sized, cost effective,
constructed in accordance with approved plans and specifications, and
provide for improved treatment which meets established effluent limita-
tions; and
- Agency procedures to evaluate whether the use of pesticides and/or toxic
substances should be approved or restricted.
The backlog of construction grants awaiting final audit will be reduced by more
than 50 percent through the use of public accounting firms under contract.
MS-54
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Investigative resources will be devoted to Investigations of (1) unlawful
price fixing and bid rigging conspiracies; (2) white collar crimes concerning
embezzlement, forgery, procurement fraud, and false claims; (3) employee misconduct
and unlawful disclosures of confidential business information; and (4) impro-
prieties by contractors leading to suspension and debarment actions. Continued
efforts will be made to encourage the use of the Office of the Inspector General
hotline to uncover instances of suspected fraud, waste, and mismanagement. A
fraud prevention program will be established and the Office of the Inspector
General will provide technical and audit assistance to elements of the Agency
assessing the adequacy of internal controls as required by the Federal Managers
Financial Integrity Act of 1982.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$161,200 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (+$161,200) Several reprogrammings were made to this activity
which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. These
changes resulted in a net increase of +$161,200 to the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $11,309,100 and 160.1 total workyears, all of
which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The Office of the Inspector
General issued 1,842 reports on regular EPA audits which questioned $116 million
of the $3.8 billion audited. On an overall basis, $97 million of costs questioned
were sustained by Agency management. During the year, the Agency obtained $48
million of cost efficiencies and $40 million of cash savings as a result of audit
efforts. Internal audits provided recommendations for improving the effectiveness
and efficency of program operations. These Included:
- Improved enforcement of Agency requirements to initiate timely construc-
tion of wastewater treatment- works -could save -the agency more than $400
million, and
- Improved controls over EPA's external research and development program were
needed to assure that funds were spent for the purposes intended, adequate
reviews were made of research proposals, and necessary controls were in
place to assure that completed research reports were provided in a timely
manner.
The Office of Inspector General also completed the initial phase of coordinat-
ing vulnerability assessments for all Agency programs and began work to reduce the
backlog of construction grant projects awaiting final audit. The Office of the
Inspector General opened 136 new investigative cases and closed 93 cases with 29
indictments and convictions. The office pioneered new investigative approaches to
uncover fraud in the sewer line rehabilitation industry. It had excellent results
in this regard in the Atlanta area. For the first time in the history of the IG's
office, it became involved in bid rigging cases through the cooperation of the
U.S. Department of Justice Antitrust Division and the U.S. Department of Transpor-
tation. These efforts resulted in 14 indictments, 12 convictions and numerous
suspensions and debarments.
MS-55
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resources Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
GO
I
01
CTv
Program Management -
Administration
Salaries & Expenses
$1,899.4 $1,908.4 $2,025.7 $1,319.5
TOTAL $1,899.4 $1,908.4 $2,025.7 $1,319.5
Financial Management -
Headquarters
Salaries & Expenses
Office of the
Comptroller
Salaries & Expenses
Operations, Research
and Facilities
Contracts and Grants
Management
Salaries & Expenses
Personnel and
Organization Services
Salaries & Expenses
$4,603.2 $3,460.8 $4,212.3 $4,362.4
TOTAL $4,603.2 $3,460.8 $4,212.3 $4,362.4
$2,259.2 $2,227.8 $2,227.8 $2,227.8
$95.6
TOTAL $2,354.8 $2,227.8 $2,227.8 $2,227.8
$8,694.0 $8,088.6 $8,378.7 $8,498.7
TOTAL $8,694.0 $8,088.6 $8,378.7 $8,498.7
$7,093.6 $6,631.1 $6,633.8 $6,673.8
TOTAL $7,093.6 $6,631.1 $6,633.8 $6,673.8
$1,324.6
$1,324.6
$5.1
$5.1
$5,443.9 $1,081.5
$5,443.9 $1,081.5
$2,514.5 $286.7
$2,514.5 $286.7
$9,453.9 $955.2
$9,453.9 $955.2
$7,734.2 $1,060.4
$7,734.2 $1,060.4
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AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resources Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Facilities & Management
Services
Salaries * Expenses $6,045.7 $5,807.0 $5,636.5 $5,835.9 $6,440.7 $604.8
TOTAL $6,045.7 $5,807.0 $5,636.5 $5,835.9 $6,440.7 $604.8
Information Systems &
Services
Salaries & Expenses $5,079.8 $4,652.8 $4,981.6 $5,274.6 $5,974.4 $699.8
TOTAL $5,079.8 $4,652.8 $4,981.6 $5,274.6 $5,974.4 $699.8
Occupational Health &
Safety
Salaries & Expenses $.1
TOTAL $. 1
TOTAL:
Salaries & Expenses $35,675.0 $32,776.5 $34,096.4 $34,192.7 $38,886.2 $4,693.5
Operations, Research ' 95.6
and Facilities
Office of TOTAL $35,770.6 $32,776.5 $34,096.4 $34,192.7 $38,886.2 $4,693.5
Administration and
Resources Management
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Program Management - 27.1 32.0 35.0 25.8 25.8
Administration
-------
01
00
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resources Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
Financial Management -
Headquarters
Office of the
Comptroller
Contracts and Grants
Management
Personnel and
Organization Services
Facilities & Management
Services
Information Systems &
Services
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Program Management -
Administration
Financial Management -
Headquarters
Office of the
Comptrol ler
110.1
46.8
181.1
136.1
167.7
103.9
772.8
37.2
135.9
55.2
(DOLLARS
89.8
45.0
165.3
125.1
160.5
89.3
707.0
43.0
111.0
58.7
IN THOUSANDS)
106.1
45.0
173.9
128.7
155.4
101.9
746.0
47.0
128.8
58.7
107.1
45.0
175.7
129.7
167.4
104.3
755.0
31.0
131.8
58.7
112.1
45.0
181.7
137.7
170.2
109.3
781.8
29.0
136.8
58.7
5.0
6.0
8.0
2.8
5.0
26.8
-2.0
5.0
-------
i
171
vo
AGENCY MANAGEMENT
Office of Administration and Resources Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
Contracts and Grants
Management
Personnel and
Organization Services
Facilities & Management
Services
Information Systems &
224.5
183.6
191.3
126.3
(DOLLARS
206.6
173.6
181.1
106.1
IN THOUSANDS)
216.0
177.6
176.0
119.9
219.0
178.6
190.0
124.9
224.0
186.6
190.0
129.9
5.0
8.0
5.0
Services
TOTAL WORKYEARS
954.0
880.1
924.0
934.0
955.0
21.0
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MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Agency Management
Office of Administration and Resources Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $38,866,200 supported by 955.0 total workyears,
all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an increase of
$4,693,500 and 21.0 total workyears from 1984. The increased resources are neces-
sary to provide additional administrative and personnel support and enhanced finan-
cial services to an expanding Agency.
Program Description
The Office of Administration and Resources Management (OARM) performs Agency-
wide administrative management and support functions and provides administrative
services to Headquarters and our two largest non-Regional field operations
-Research Triangle Park (RTP), North Carolina and Cincinnati, Ohio. OARM also
controls the Agency's central planning and budgeting process which allocates
workyear and financial resources among program areas and ensures adequate fund
control. In addition, OARM provides certain administrative support services for
the entire Agency, including buildings and facilities management and nationwide
support functions.
The immediate office of the Assistant Administrator provides overall direc-
tion for all OARM activities as well as Agencywide policy regarding administrative
support services. There are five organizational components under the Assistant
Administrator for Administration and Resources Management: Office of the Comp-
troller, Office of Administration, Office of Information Resources Management,
and the Offices of Administration at Research Triangle Park and Cincinnati. The
Office of the Comptroller is responsible for the Agency's financial accountability,
policy, and budget development activities. The Office of Administration provides
services in the areas of personnel administration, facilities management, organiza-
tional analysis, and contract and grant management and administers the Agency's
occupational health and safety program. The Office of Information Resources Man-
agement directs the Agency's ADP program and library services. Our RTP and Cin-
cinnati offices provide the same services and support as those at Headquarters
to the environmental programs at EPA's major field locations. A brief description
of each of the program elements included in OARM follows:
Program Management - Administration ~ This program element consists of the
Assistant Administrator'simmediateoffice which provides oversight, planning
functions, and performs all of the budgeting and resource management activities
within OARM.
Financial Management - Headquarters -- This component includes financial
management, policy and accounting, and financial reporting activities for Head-
quarters and field offices.
Office of the Comptroller This component develops and operates EPA's
program planning andbudgeting system; analyzes and prepares Agency budgets for
submission to Congress and OMB; and maintains the Agency's allocation, control,
and review system for all workyear and financial resources.
Contracts and Grants Management This program element provides resources
to establish Agencywide contracts and grants policy; to award and administer con-
tracts and small purchases at Headquarters, RTP, and Cincinnati; and to award and
manage Headquarters grants and other financial assistance programs.
MS-60
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Personnel and Organization Services -- This program provides resources for
Agencywide personnel policyguidanceand personnel services such as staffing,
classification, and training to Headquarters and field offices; Agencywide manage-
ment analysis and directives management; and the Agency's occupational health
and safety program designed to maintain safe working conditions and to protect
the health of our employees.
Facilities and Management Services -- This program element provides re-
sources forfacilitiesacquisition,maintenance, and protection; management of
the Nationwide Support, Headquarters Support, and Buildings and Facilities
accounts; and the immediate offices of the Directors of the Office of Informa-
tion Resources Management and the Offices of Administration at Cincinnati and
Research Triangle Park.
Information Systems and Services Included in this program element are
resources forthe Agency'scentralized ADP systems management and processing
support staff; the Library Systems Staff, which maintains the Agency's libraries
at headquarters, Cincinnati, and Research Triangle Park; and the ADP services
component within the Office of Administration at Cincinnati.
PROGRAM MANAGEMENT - ADMINISTRATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $1,324,600 supported by 29.0 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
increase of $5,100 represents increases in personnel and support costs and the
decrease of 2.0 workyears reflects both changes in management priorities through
functional reorganizations as well as efficiencies from improved management. This
level of funding will maintain current service levels for the basic budgetary,
administrative, analytical, and strategic planning needs of the Office of Adminis-
tration and Resources Management (OARM). In 1985, the Office will provide guid-
ance and overall direction for OARM, provide program and administrative support,
direct direct and manage OARM's resources, and continue to develop and initiate
strategies to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of OARM.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $1,319,500 and 31.0 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
funding is used for centralized strategic planning, oversight of the Agency's
administrative systems and services, review of organizational and consolidation
issues, continued strengthening of EPA's financial management, and the exploration
of cost containment and other management effectiveness strategies within OARM and
for the Agency. In addition, these funds are being used to direct, monitor, and
conduct special analyses and projects related to the effective execution and
efficient operation of OARM's budget.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$706,200 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$706,200) A reprogranming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$3,200 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming of -$703,000 transferred the resources for analy-
tical and substantive project management from the Immediate Office of the Assistant
Administrator to the line operation offices within the Office of Administration
and Resources Management. This Salaries and Expenses reprogramming was included
in a reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
MS-61
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $1,899,400 and 37.2 total workyears for this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These
resources provided overall policy direction for OARM long-range planning, strategy
development, budgeting, resource management, and other management activities.
During 1983 several priority actions were accomplished: improved contracts and
grants management, cost reduction and containment strategies, better financial
management, recommendations for ADP consolidation, capital asset management, posi-
tion management planning, and improved service delivery. Building upon the con-
solidation of OARM's analytical and administrative personnel, we achieved improved
service and resource efficiencies in our budgetary, analytical, administrative,
and long-range planning activities.
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $5,443,900 supported by 136.8 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an
increase of $1,081,500 and 5.0 total workyears. The increase in resources will
enable the Agency to fully implement the Federal Managers Financial Integrity Act
and other statutory requirements and improve financial services. Through this
program, we will continue efforts to standardize financial and accounting transac-
tion processing so that it is better controlled while also responsive to both
Agencywide and program-specific needs. Services funded by this program include:
basic accounting and payroll support; accountability throughout the Financial
Management System; support to enhance the Office of Administration and Resources
Management's efforts in budget execution and resource control at the allowance
level; processing of grants, contracts, purchase orders, travel, and other vouchers
and claims; and financial reporting necessary to meet Agency fund control require-
ments. These resources will also support our efforts to refine Agency accounting
and financial policies; increase operational productivity through automation;
improve internal day-to-day financial service; provide controls which permit us to
detect and prevent fraud, waste, and abuse; and perform a full range of cash
management reviews.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating $4,362,400 and 131.8 total workyears for this pro-
gram, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. With these
resources we are providing the full array of financial services for the Agency.
This includes the continuation of our effort to fully automate our financial pro-
cessing to meet the reporting requirements from OMB, Treasury, and the Congress;
implementing OMB Bulletin 83-6, which requires establishing a policy for accel-
erating the processing and deposit of receipts; improving control over disburse-
ments; and eliminating idle cash balances. We will also fully implement an elec-
tronic fund transfer system to reduce paperwork within the financial management
area.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$150,100 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (+$150,100) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$19,900 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming of +$170,000 transferred the resources for analy-
tical and substantive project management from the Immediate Office of the Assistant
Administrator to the line operation offices within the Office of Administration
and Resources Management. This Salaries and Expenses reprogramming was included
in a reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
MS-62
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, The Agency obligated $4,603,200 and 135.9 total workyears for this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In addi-
tion to routine financial management activities, we implemented an automated travel
information and management system which provides better management of travel funds;
an aggressive OMB approved cash management program; an Agencywide client services
program; and continued to monitor audit disallowances to ensure collection of
debts due the Agency.
OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $2,514,500 supported by 58.7 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
reflects an increase of $286,700 for increased personnel and support costs and
no workyears from 1984. With these resources, the Office of the Comptroller will
direct EPA's initial planning and budgeting process for 1987 and the budget re-
quest for 1986. This request will also fund resource analyses, information, and
assistance to all Headquarters and Regional management offices; management of the
automated obligations and outlays forecasting system; analyses of selected
resource trends during the execution of the 1985 budget; and continuation of the
implementation of OMB Circular A-76. These analytical projects will better link
the Agency's planning, budgeting, and resources management processes.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $2,227,800 and 58.7 total workyears to
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. With
these funds the Office of the Comptroller manages the 1986 budget process, pro-
vides support in the development of the 1985 operating plans, monitors expendi-
ture of 1984 funds, conducts resource utilization analyses, and is upgrading the
Agency workload models. These resources also fund the program required by OMB
Circular A-76 which requires cost analysis of commerical and industrial activi-
ties to determine if these activities should be performed by the Agency or the
private sector.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $2,354,800 and 55.2 total workyears for this
program, of which $2,259,200 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and
$95,600 for the Operations, Research and Facilities appropriation. With these
resources, this program managed the initial phase of the 1985 budget process, sup-
ported the development of the Agency's 1984 budget and operating plans, monitored
1983 expenditure of funds, and provided special analyses of resource issues for
senior Agency management.
CONTRACTS AND GRANTS MANAGEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $9,453,900 supported by 224.0 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an
increase of $955,200 and 5.0 workyears. The increased resources will allow us to
enhance our contracts management capabilities to ensure and monitor contractor
performance.
MS-63
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In the contracts area, our request will also enable us to continue to process
and award new contracts and purchase orders; close out existing contracts; evaluate
contractor cost proposals; process contract terminations and claims; and provide
technical review, policy compliance, and administrative oversight and management
to the three contracting and purchasing offices in headquarters, Cincinnati, and
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. These resources will also support the
automated procurement document control system and the project officers train-
ing program that will aid in producing more understandable and precise Requests
for Procurement and better managed contracts.
In the grants and other financial assistance areas, these funds will allow
us to: develop and interpret policy and procedural guidance for Agencywide assist-
ance programs; award and administer Headquarters grants, cooperative agreements,
and interagency agreements; respond to requests for *d hoc assistance from Regions
and Federal assistance recipients; continue to modify, update, and simplify our
grant regulations; increase in-house audit and cost analyses; and continue efforts
begun in 1983 to debar and suspend persons who abuse the privileges of Federal
assistance. These resources will also support cost benefit analyses on grant
regulations and data verifications for the Grants Information and Control System.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $8,498,700 and 219.0 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In
the contracts area, we expect to award $270,000,000 in contracts and process
$50,000,000 in purchase orders. Our key objectives are to award and manage
contracts, increase productivity by simplifying the tasks required to process
and administer contracts, further automate the procurement system, and continue
our project officers training and certification program.
We will continue to streamline the regulations governing Federal assistance
to eliminate unnecessary and duplicative requirements and to reduce the information
burden our regulations impose on grantees. We also are developing guidance for
EPA managers and grantees on the revised and simplified regulations. We will con-
tinue to award and administer Federal assistance agreements funded by headquarters
program offices. In addition, we will ensure debarment or suspension of persons
who abuse the privileges of Federal assistance through waste, poor performance,
or corrupt practices which will result in greater efficiency, program integrity,
and significant dollar savings to the Government.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$120,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$120,000) A reprogramming of +$120,000 transferred the
resources toranalytical and substantive project management from the Immediate
Office of the Assistant Administrator to line operation offices within the Office
of Administration and Resources Management. This Salaries and Expenses repro-
gramming was included in a reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $8,694,000 and 224.5 total workyears for this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. With
these resources, we awarded contract actions totalling $240,000,000 and purchase
order actions totalling $50,000,000. We streamlined contracting procedures which
expedited contract processing. We continued to negotiate overhead rates with EPA
contractors and assistance recipients in support of our own operations and OMB
Circular A-87 (regarding indirect costs for State and local governments). We
also continued our participation with OMB in the implementation of the Federal
Acquisition Regulations. In the Federal assistance area, we have increased the
number of consolidated grants; simplified our grant procedures by revising four
important regulations; implemented a debarment and compliance program designed to
eliminate waste, fraud, and abuse; and assumed responsibility for administering
interagency agreements.
MS-64
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PERSONNEL AND ORGANIZATION SERVICES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $7,734,200 supported by 186.6 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an in-
crease of $1,060,400 and 8.0 total workyears. The increase is for increased per-
sonnel and program costs in the Personnel Management Division (PMD) and the Manage-
ment and Organization Division (MOD).
PMD will utilize this increase to enhance the Agency's existing human resource
development program by assisting managers and employees in their career advancement
goals and providing the Agency with new and qualified personnel for EPA's critical
program areas. These resources will continue to fund PMD's ongoing functions as
required by law which include position management, pay administration, personnel/
payroll processing, and recruiting.
MOD will maintain its current program functions of providing management
studies and organizational analyses. The increase in contract dollars will provide
analytical and managerial studies of Headquarters and Regional information needs.
The Occupational Health and Safety Staff (OHSS) will continue to provide full
service and technical assistance to all health and safety programs in EPA and, with
contract support, will implement a comprehensive medical data records project.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating $6,673,800 and 178.6 total workyears for this pro-
gram, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In 1984, PMD
is implementing a more comprehensive human resource development program by broaden-
ing training and executive development efforts, which will assure better workforce
planning and utilization. To improve position management, PMD is developing a
plan to enhance control of such problems as general grade escalation. PMD also
provides quality personnel programs and services that meet statutory and program-
matic requirements.
MOD provides a central analysis staff for Agencywide organization improve-
ment and reform efforts. MOD also provides analytical support to senior managers
on operating policies and procedures and administers and coordinates all Agency
proposals for reorganization, delegation of authority, and Agency forms.
OHSS continually upgrades Agency occupational health and safety programs, and
has developed specialized health and safety procedures for the handling of hazard-
ous material.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$40,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$40,000) A reprogramming of +$40,000 transferred the re-
sources for analytical and substantive project management from the Immediate
Office of the Assistant Administrator to line operation offices within the Office
of Administration and Resources Management. This Salaries and Expenses repro-
gramming was included in a reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $7,093,600 and 183.6 total workyears for .this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In addition
to providing a full range of personnel services and functions, PMD developed a plan
for a comprehensive human resource development program. Increased emphasis was
placed on improving the skills, knowledge, and abilities of the EPA workforce; pro-
viding personnel services to the program offices; and making personnel programs
available to supervisors and managers for tracking and rewarding employee perform-
ance.
MS-65
-------
MOD expanded its organizational process reviews which improved program effec-
tiveness and efficiency in several Agency offices.
In 1983, OHSS distributed revised medical monitoring guidelines incorporating
both the changes in EPA missions and six years of medical monitoring program experi-
ence; generated and graphically displayed EPA's up-to-date illness and injury re-
ports; eliminated incorrect claims from the Workmen's Compensation Statement; and
developed a number of innovative safety training programs for EPA.
FACILITIES AND MANAGEMENT SERVICES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $6,440,700 supported by 190.0 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an
increase of $604,800 and no workyears to cover anticipated increases in personnel
and support costs. With these resources we will: provide nationwide policy guid-
ance and technical assistance in the fields of telecommunications, mail account-
ability, property and supply management, printing procurement and production, and
physical and document security; administer the Agency's Nationwide Support and
headquarters Support budgets; manage the Buildings and Facilities program; pro-
vide facilities engineering and real estate expertise to all EPA programs; pro-
vide operational support and housekeeping services at EPA facilities located in
Washington, Cincinnati, and Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (RTP); monitor
and direct contractor resources under support contracts; and provide management
direction for the Office of Information Resources Management, the Offices of
Administration at Cincinnati and RTP, and the Facilities Divisions at headquarters,
RTP, and Cincinnati. In 1985, we will continue the same service levels for
these functions as in 1984.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $5,835,900 and 190.0 total workyears to
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. We are
continuing many initiatives begun in 1982 and 1983, particularly in the areas of
cost containment, user accountability, increased reliance on contractors for
actual service delivery, and more effective and efficient office and building
services.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$199,400 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (+$199,400) Several reprogrammings were made to this activity
which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. These
changes resulted in a net increase of +$119,400 to the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.
Another reprogramming of +$80,000 transferred the resources for analytical
and substantive project management from the Immediate Office of the Assistant
Administrator to line operation offices within the Office of Administration and
Resources Management. This Salaries and Expenses reprogramming was included in
a reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $6,045,700 and 191.3 total workyears to this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In 1983
we prepared a space plan to direct the realignment of Agency space holdings in
cont'ormance with GSA space utilization guidelines, improved working conditions
at Waterside Mall, enhanced headquarters security, continued major cost-cutting
efforts while maintaining service levels in several areas, and maximized the
utilization of contractor resources through improved contract and project manage-
ment.
MS-66
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INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND SERVICES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $5,974,400 supported by 129.9 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an
increase of $699,800 and 5.0 workyears for the Agency's information resources
management program. Our central automated data processing (ADP) management group
sets Agencywide ADP policy; assists EPA programs in developing and maintaining
computerized information systems; operates the Agency's timesharing computer center
at Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (RTP); and coordinates Agencywide ADP
services to assure more effective, efficient, and responsible use of our ADP ser-
vices. These resources will enable us to manage EPA's data center facility in
RTP, maintain a financing mechanism and accounting methodology for central time-
sharing service, develop Agencywide information management policies and procedures,
and maintain data standards which ensure the data integrity which is critical to
EPA's mission and program objectives. In 1985, we will address three new activi-
ties essential to the cost-effective ADP support of EPA programs and Regions:
the modernization of the distributed processing network that serves EPA Regions
and laboratories, the integration of EPA's major administrative systems under a
single data base management system, and the operation of an in-house Agency payroll
system.
Also included within this program are traditional library functions, such as
reference and referral services, and administrative support for the libraries in
headquarters, RTP, and Cincinnati, as well as guidance and management for the
entire Agency library system. We are also expanding the EPA Information Clearing-
house (which coordinates all Agency environmental data bases) to include informa-
tion on grants and contracts to assist Agency managers in avoiding duplicative
efforts and to facilitate the use of already available data by EPA researchers and
analysts. The Public Inquiry Center, which responds to over 50,000 public inquiries
annually, and the records management function are also funded under this program.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $5,274,600 and 124.9 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These
resources support ADP activities including managing EPA's data center facility
and maintaining those systems which are essential to the Agency's mission. We
provide ADP planning and system design assistance to program offices, focusing our
resources toward high priority systems. We are beginning to address data base
applications and the distributed processing network (Regional and laboratory mini-
computers and telecommunications) throughout the Agency, and to strengthen our
management of EPA's ADP resources.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$293,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$293,000) A reprogramming of +$293,000 transferred the
resources for analytical and substantive project management from the Immediate
Office of the Assistant Administrator to line operation offices within the Office
of Administration and Resources Management. This Salaries and Expenses repro-
gramming, was included in a reprogramming letter to Congress on September 29,
1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $5,079,800 and 126.3 total workyears for this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, to support
centralized information management activities for the Agency. We emphasized par-
ticularly the improved compatibility and efficiency of EPA's automated systems and
the development of a prototype office automation system.
MS-67
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Regional
Management
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
IANAGEMENT & SUPPORT
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management
Resource Management - Regions
Financial Management - Regions.
Personnel Management - Regions
Administrative Management - Regions
Regional Management
Regi onal Counsel
Planning, Evaluation & Analysis - Regions.
MS-69
MS-72
MS-73
MS-74
MS-75
MS-76
MS-77
MS-78
MS-68
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REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management
CO
i
01
to
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGR/SM
Resource Management -
Regions
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Financial Management -
Regions
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Personnel Management -
Regions
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Administrative
Management - Regions
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Regional Management
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
Regional Counsel
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$1,536.3 $1,632.6
$1,536.3 $1,632.6
$2,233.6
$2,233.6
$2,920.8
$2,920.8
$5,024.0
$5,024.0
$8,814.0
$8,814.0
$3,198.4
$3,198.4
$2,558.8
$2,558.8
$2,664.4
$2,664.4
$5,119.4
$5,119.4
$8,926.6
$8,926.6
$3,125.6
$3,125.6
$2,682.0
$2,682.0
$3,049.7
$3,049.7
$5,635.9
$5,635.9
$8,904.8
$8,904.8
$3,266.9
$3,266.9
$2,415.6
$2,415.6
$2,883.7
$2,883.7
$5,183.4
$5,183.4
$8,431.6
$8,431.6
$3,246.3
$3,246.3
$1,636.2
$1,636.2
$2,687.1
$2,687.1
$3,152.6
$3,152.6
$5,550.9
$5,550.9
$8,744.0
$8,744.0
$3,495.8
$3,495.8
$3.6
$3.6
$271.5
$271.5
$268.9
$268.9
$367.5
$367.5
$312.4
$312.4
$249.5
$249.5
-------
-J
o
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Planning, Evaluation &
Analysis - Regions
Salaries & Expenses
TOTAL
TOTAl :
Salaries & Expenses
Regional Management TOTAL
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Resource Management -
Regions
Financial Management -
Regions
Personnel Management -
Regions
Administrative
Management - Regions
Regional Management
Regional Counsel
Planning, Evaluation fi
$3,434.3
$3,434.3
$25,625.1
$25,625.1
77.0
78.3
137.7
173.4
68.0
88.9
$4,291.8
$4,291.8
$26,686.6
$26,686.6
73.8
72.6
131.1
160.3
70.2
97.2
$2,499.2
$2,499.2
$27,574.8
$27,574.8
39.9
80.3
79.7
141.6
160.3
70.2
57.3
$2,174.5
$2,174.5
$25,967.7
$25,967.7
42.3
80.3
79.7
141.6
160.3
70.2
54.9
$2,409.9
$2,409.9
$27,676.5
$27,676.5
39.9
84.0
81.7
141.6
160.3
70.2
57.3
$235.4
$235.4
$1,708.8
$1,708.8
-2.4
3.7
2.0
2.4
Analysis - Regions
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS 623.3 605.2 629.3 629.3 635.0 5.7
-------
in
i
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT
Regional Management
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
TOTAI WORK YEARS
Resource Management -
Regions
Financial Management -
Regions
Personnel Management -
Regions
Administrative
Management - Regions
Regional Management
Regional Counsel
Planning, Evaluation &
Analysis - Regions
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS
87.9 82.4
99.9 86.1
175.5 159.3
217.9 198.2
75.3 78.2
94.3 103.6
750.8 707.8
IN THOUSANDS)
42.5
89.6
93.9
170.9
198.2
78.2
61.1
734.4
45.1
89.6
93.9
170.9
198.2
78.2
58.5
734.4
42.5
92.6
95.9
170.9
198.2
78.2
61.1
739.4
-2.6
3.0
2.0
2.6
5.0
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Regional Management
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $27,676,500 from the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation supported by 739.4 total workyears in 1985, an increase of $1,708,800
and 5.0 total workyears from 1984. The increase will primarily support full imple-
mentation of internal control systems in the Regions, implementation of Reform 88
initiatives, and support a larger Regional workforce.
Program Description
This program contains the following program elements:
Resource Management - Regions -- This program element provides resources to
develop Regional budgets and operating plans, participate in the workload analysis
process, manage current year resources and enhance resource management and control
in the Regions.
Financial Management - Regions -- This program element provides financial
accounting and reporting services for the Regional offices.
Personnel Management - Regions -- These resources provide basic personnel ser-
vices, including staffing, classification, and training, to the Regional offices.
Administrative Management - Regions This group of activities includes mini-
computer systems management, library support, safety, security, printing and copy-
ing, facilities management, small purchases, and other administrative functions.
Regional Management -- This unit includes the Regional Administrators and
their immediate staffs, as well as the basic staff functions of civil rights.
Regional Counsel -- The ten offices of Regional Counsel assist the Regional
Administrators in ensuring that their decisions are legally defensible and con-
sistent with national legal interpretations. They represent the Regional office
in defensive litigation activities; review Regional rulemakings; assist States in
obtaining delegation of programs; and support the Regional enforcement litigation
program.
Planning. Evaluation, and Analysis - Regions -- Resources in this program
element provide analyticalsupport to the Regional Administrators to assure the
efficient and effective operation of EPA Regions. Activities include planning,
accountability reporting, program evaluation, economic analysis, management, and
Regional participation in EPA's regulatory process.
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $1,636,200 supported by 42.5 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an
increase of $3,600 and a decrease of 2.6 total workyears from 1984, resulting from
increased efficiency. The request provides resources for our Regional Administra-
tors to develop Regional budgets and operating plans, participate in the workload
analysis process, manage current year expenditures, and enhance resource management
and control in the Regional offices.
MS-72
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1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $1,632,600 and 45.1 total workyears to
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These
resources are being used to conduct the budgeting and resource analysis functions
in the ten Regional offices. These resources allow Regional Administrators to
effectively and efficiently manage their Regions by providing sound analysis con-
cerning resource management and to upgrade resource reporting in our Regional
offices.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$96,300 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (+$96,300) Several reprogrammings were made to this activity
which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net increase of +$96,300 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated resources for these activities under the Plan-
ning, Evaluation, and Analysis Program Element. These resources allowed the
Regional Administrators to participate in the 1985 budget and 1984 operating plan
processes for our Regional offices and to effectively and efficiently manage 1983
expenditures.
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $2,687,100 supported by 92.6 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an
increase of $271,500 and 3.0 total workyears. This increase will support full
implementation of internal control systems in our Regional offices and allow for
implementation of Reform 88. At this level of funding, Regional finance offices
will also provide basic services and maintain ongoing and routine financial manage-
ment functions, which include maintaining GAO-approved accounting and internal
control systems, processing obligation transactions and voucher payments, conduct-
ing payroll activities, preparing billings and processing collections, providing
monthly fund control reports, and processing and paying claims for travel. The
Agency will also continue efforts to fully automate our financial management
process and to strengthen our cash and credit management, internal control initia-
tives, and data integrity and quality assurance.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $2,415,600 and 89.6 total workyears to this
program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. With these
resources, the Regional finance offices are providing all basic accounting, pay-
ment processing, and payroll support activities and will increase emphasis on
audit coordination and follow-up activities. This includes tracking all audit
exceptions from point of issue to final resolution. The Agency is also continuing
efforts to detect abuse of Federal funds; to strengthen our credit management to
ensure timely and economical collection of all monies owed EPA; and to implement
an Agencywide data integrity assurance program to provide timely, complete, and
accurate financial reports.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$266,400 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$266,400) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$15,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
MS-73
-------
An additional reprogranming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. The reprogranming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$281,400, was included in a reprogranming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $2,233,600 and 87.9 total workyears for this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. With
these resources, Regional finance offices strengthened the automated financial
control systems and implemented an internal control system to improve EPA's
defense against the misuse of Federal resources. The Agency also ensured that
billing and collection activities met the President's commitment to cash manage-
ment. Other activities supported by this program included payroll and fiscal
support services, timely collection of monies owed EPA, data integrity and quality
assurance programs, and timely and accurate financial reports to support Regional
management.
PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $3,152,600 supported by 95.9 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an
increase of $268,900 and 2.0 total workyears. This increase in dollars and
workyears will provide personnel resources necessary to support a larger regional
workforce. This request will enable the Regional Personnel offices to effectively
respond to requests for staffing and recruitment actions, payroll and personnel
actions, and training requests. In 1985, utilizing the resources from this re-
quest, the Regional Personnel offices will fully implement the Regional employee
relations programs, conduct special studies to support effective management of
the Regional workforce, maintain the Performance Management System, conduct non-
discretionary labor relations activities, and provide timely and reliable person-
nel management services.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $2,883,700 and 93.9 total workyears for
this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
Regional Personnel offices are providing a full range of ongoing personnel ser-
vices as described above to meet statutory requirements. The Regional Personnel
offices are also providing Regional managers with management and organizational
analyses to support the Regions' missions and programs.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$166,000 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$166,000) A reprogramming was made to this activity
which was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This
change resulted in a net increase of +$14,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appro-
priation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. The reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$180,000, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
MS-74
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $2,920,800 and 99.9 total workyears for this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The
Regional Personnel offices provided quality personnel management services as well
as Region-specific management and organizational assistance to Regional managers.
The offices conducted position management studies, organizational analyses, and
training programs to assist managers in optimizing personnel resources. Regional
Personnel offices also assisted the headquarters personnel policy office in refin-
ing the Performance Management System and Merit Pay Program required by the Civil
Service Reform Act, and maintained the Federal Equal Opportunity Recruitment Pro-
gram.
ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $5,550,900 supported by 170.9 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an
increase of $367,500 for increased personnel and support costs and no change in
total workyears. The resources in this program element provide a wide range of
administrative services to support day-to-day Regional operations, and to provide
information management support such as systems design, development, planning,
and evaluation. With this funding, the Regions will provide current services in
health and safety, information management, and small purchase and contract and
procurement liaison. Regional automated data processing (ADP) groups will effec-
tively plan for and manage their computer and word processing services, as well as
provide reliable, responsive technical assistance to end-users. In addition,
while the costs associated with the ADP modernization of the Regional network will
be funded by headquarters, Regional ADP personnel will make most of the necessary
equipment installations and software modifications and implement the new hardware
process in their own Regions. Regional Safety Officers will continue to conduct
strong health and safety programs to minimize risks to EPA personnel.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $5,183,400 and 170.9 total workyears, all
of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, to provide Regional
administrative support. These funds are providing ongoing operational support
such as safety and security, property management and supply, general office ser-
vices, libraries, small purchase and contract and procurement liaison, and program
management. In addition, resources are being used to manage Regional computer
centers, provide assistance to State and local agencies and EPA personnel in all
ADP and word processing matters, prepare and install new system software and
hardware, and offer in-house training for new systems users.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$452,500 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$452,500) Several reprogrammings were made to this acti-
vity which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net increase of +$45,000 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. The reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$497,500, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
MS-75
-------
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $5,024,000 and 175.5 total wprkyears for this
program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This pro-
vided a wide range of administrative services to all Regional programs, includ-
ing: acquisition and management of equipment, supplies, and services; management
of Regional ADP resources; and provision of library systems and services. As part
of the Agency's commitment to provide the highest possible level of administrative
services, the Regions maintained administrative information systems and mini-
computer operations to ensure effective ADP operational support for Regional pro-
grams; provided administrative direction for support activities and services;
maintained Regional library operations,, and managed word processing equipment
and ADP systems acquisitions. The Regions also coordinated Regional records
management, directed contracting and purchasing activities, ensured safety and
security in the Regions, and managed property and supplies.
i
REGIONAL MANAGEMENT j
1985 Program Request j
The Agency requests a total of $8,744,000 supported by 198.2 total workyears
for this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
This represents an increase of $312,400 for personnel costs and no change in
total workyears. The budget request will enable the program to continue to shape
and articulate policy for State and local governments, respond to inquiries from
Congress, the news media and the public, establish regular communications with
public interest, environmental, and business groups, and maintain Equal Employment
and Freedom of Information programs.
1984 Program '
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $8,431,600 and 198.2 total work-
years to this function, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropri-
ation. Basic press services-and-media-relations-activities-are-being maintained-as
well as policy guidance and executive direction for the Region as a whole. The
program will continue the processing of Freedom of Information (FOI) requests,
issuing critical news releases, maintaining a regional Equal Employment Opportunity
program, responding to Congressional inquiries, and coordinating EPA involvement
in major State environmental issues.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$473,200 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$473,200) Several reprogrammings were made to this activ-
ity which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted .in a net decrease of -$62,100 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. The reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$411,100, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $8,814,000 and 217.9 total workyears, all of
which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This program provided
support for the Regional Administrators and their immediate staffs, as well as for
the basic staff functions of public affairs, Congressional, intergovernmental
activities, and the equal employment opportunity function.
MS-76
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REGIONAL COUNSEL
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $3,495,800 supported by 78.2 total workyears,
all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, and reflects an
increase of $249,500 and no change in total workyears. The increase represents
additional personnel and operating support.
The 1985 Regional program will provide legal advice and consultation to
Regional programs and will act as lead EPA attorneys on defensive litigation
involving principally Regional issues. Other major activities include reviewing
State legal authorities and advising States in program assumption matters related
to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and other statutes; providing
support to the construction grants program; and assisting States in making changes
in statutes and regulations resulting from amendments to environmental statutes.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,246,300 and 78.2 total work-
years to this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
Regional program includes assistance in furthering the assumption of environmental
protection programs by States by providing advice and assistance to State agencies.
In the construction grants area, the Regional Counsels handle administrative pro-
ceedings such as bid protests and grant appeals. It also advises on problems
arising from outstanding grants.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$20,600 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$20,600) Several reprogrammings were made to this activity
which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$20,600 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,198,400 and 75.3 total workyears,
all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. In 1983, the Regional
Counsel program supported Agency priorities by providing legal advice and sup-
port to Regional managers and defending the Agency in litigation filed against it.
They also advised on actions such as grants, contracts, and personnel actions.
Additionally, Regional Counsel activities included advising State agencies on the
legal requirements for assuming environmental protection programs, assisting in
drafting appropriate regulatory language, and helping negotiate and document the
terms of delegation agreements.
PLANNING. EVALUATION. AND ANALYSIS - REGIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $2,409,900 supported by 61.1 total workyears for this
program, all of which will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This
represents an increase of $235,400 and 2.6 workyears. In 1985, this request will
provide the Regional Administrators with the resources necessary to carry out
essential Regional planning, evaluation, and analysis activities. The Regions
will concentrate on managing for environmental results; improving the annual plan-
ning process and utilizing environmental objectives in the planning process;
refining accountability systems; analyzing weaknesses in the Agency's monitoring
programs; improving monitoring data; developing monitoring strategies; and regula-
tory reform.
MS-77
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1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $2,174,500 and 58.5 total work-
years to this program, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
These resources allow the Regions to execute essential Regional planning, program
evaluation, and analytic activities. The Regions are placing special emphasis on
accountability systems, process streamlining, regulatory reform, management for
environmental results, and shifting Regional programs from an implementation to an
oversight role. Specific examples Include: linking accountability systems with
performance standards, tracking of Regional and State activities, and implementing
EPA oversight policy.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$324,700 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$324,700) Several reprogrammings were made to this acti-
vity which were not reportable under the Congressional reprograraning limitations.
These changes resulted in a net decrease of -$36,300 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
An additional repcogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expenses dollars into the Regional Support program element. The reprogram-
ming to Salaries and Expenses, totaling -$288,400, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Conyress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,434,300 and 94.3 total workyears
for this program, all of which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation,
to conduct the planning, evaluation, analysis, and budgeting functions in the ten
Regional offices. (In 1984, the resources to support the budget activities were
transferred to the Resources Management program element under the purview of the
Office of Administration and Resource Management.) These resources reflected the
increased importance of the budget execution and control functions, plus the
Regional component of the Agencywide initiative to implement measures for regula-
tory reform and to institute management for environmental results. These resources
allowed Regional Administrators to effectively and efficiently manage their Regions
by providing sound arrases of Regional policy, processes, and resource management.
MS-78
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Support Costs
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT MS-1
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs MS-80
Professional Training MS-82
Nationwide Support Services MS-83
Headquarters Support Services MS-84
Regional Support Services MS-84
Automated Data Processing Support Costs MS-85
Lab Support - Research & Development MS-86
Lab Support - Air & Radiation MS-86
Lab Support - Pesticides & Toxic Substances MS-87
KS-79
-------
I
00
o
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
Professional Training
Salaries & Expenses
Nationwide Support
Services
Salaries & Expenses
Operations, Research
and Facilities
Headquarters Support
Services
Salaries & Expenses
Regional Support
Services
Salaries & Expenses
Automated Data
Processing Support
Costs
Salaries & Expenses
$415.8 $507.6 $507.6 $507.6
TOTAL $415.8 $507.6 $507.6 $507.6
$43,830.8 $48,219.0 $48,219.0 $48,035.6
$29.7
TOTAL $43,860.5 $48,219.0 $48,219.0 $48,035.6
$25,275.8 $26,349.2 $26,699.2 $26,733.2
TOTAL $25,275.8 $26,349.2 $26,699.2 $26,733.2
TOTAL
$14,526.2 $12,430.4 $12,430.4 $19,258.1
$14,526.2 $12,430.4 $12,430.4 $19,258.1
$18,024.1 $14,864.0 $19,564.0 $19,799.1
TOTAL $18,024.1 $14,864.0 $19,564.0 $19,799.1
$500.0 -$7.6
$500.0 -$7.6
$53,571.6 $5,536.0
$53,571.6 $5,536.0
$31,779.5 $5,046.3
$31,779.5 $5,046.3
$20,569.7 $1,311.6
$20,569.7 $1,311.6
$23,700.0 $3,900.9
$23,700.0 $3,900.9
-------
CO
I
oo
SUPPORT COSTS
Support Costs
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
Lab Support
Devel opment
Salaries &
Lab Support
Radiation
Salaries &
Lab Support
Pesticides
Substances
Salaries &
- Research &
Expenses
- Air 8
Expenses
_
& Toxic
Expenses
$5
TOTAL $5
$1
TOTAL $1
TOTAL
,046.
,046.
,967.
,967.
$134.
$134.
0
0
8
8
0
0
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$4,710.4
$4,710.4
$2,178.5
$2,178.5
$151.4
$151.4
$4,710.4
$4,710.4
$2,178.5
$2,178.5
$151.4
$151.4
$4,710.
$4,710.
$2,178.
$2,178.
$151.
$151.
4
4
5
5
4
4
$5
$5
$2
$2
,535.4
,535.4
,178.5
,178.5
$251.4
$251.4
$825.0
$825.0
$100.0
$100.0
TOTAL:
Salaries « Expenses $109,220.5 $109,410.5 $114,460.5 $121,373.9 $138,086.1 $16,712.2
Operations, Research $29.7
and Facilities
Support Costs TOTAL $109,250.2 $109,410.5 $114,460.5 $121,373.9 $138,086.1 $16,712.2
TOTAL MORKYEARS
Regional Support .3
Services
TOTAL WORKYEARS .3
-------
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT
Support Costs
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $138,086,100, all of which will be for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation, for support services in 1985, an increase
of $16,712,200 from 1984. This increase will cover general support increases
associated with a growing Agency workforce, as well as rising rent, telephone,
and utility costs.
Program Description
The Agency Support Service component provides funds for general support to
all Agency programs except Superfund. Programs under support services are:
Professional Training This component provides funds for Agencywide training
programs includingexecutive and supervisory training and development programs
mandated by the Office of Personnel Management, the Civil Service Reform Act, or
specific EPA needs.
Nationwide Support Services Agencywide costs include the following support
functions:facilitiesrental and associated costs; payments to the U.S. Postal
Service; Federal Telecommunications Service (FTS); nationwide protective services;
reimbursements to the Federal Employees Compensation Fund; payments to the Public
Health Service for personnel and administrative services for commissioned officers
assisgned to EPA; and contracts and intergovernmental agreements which support
EPA's occupational health and safety program and finance and payroll systems.
Headquarters Support Services This program funds local office, building,
and information management service costs for headquarters and the field offices
at Research Triangle Park (RTP), North Carolina and Cincinnati, Ohio.
Regional Support Services This component funds local office, building, and
information management service costs for Regional offices.
Automated Data Processing Support Costs This program funds timesharing and
related data processing services provided to all Agency programs through contracts
with commercial suppliers and in-house computer facilities.
Lab Support - Research and Development This provides resources for basic
facilities, operations, and maintenance for Office of Research and Development's
seven laboratories (those located outside Cincinnati and Research Triangle Park).
These costs are not covered by the Headquarters Support account, which funds
similar items in headquarters, Cincinnati, and RTP.
Lab Support - Air and Radiation This provides funds for basic facilities
and maintenance to support the Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory, the Eastern
Environmental Radiation Facility, and the Las Vegas facility.
Lab Support - Pesticides and Toxic Substances This covers basic facilities
and operations and maintenance costs for the laboratories in Beltsville, Maryland
and Bay St. Louis, Mississippi.
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING
1985 Program Request
The Agency is requesting $500,000 for this program, all of which will be
for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, a decrease of $7,600 from 1984. This
request maintains current training and development programs mandated either by
statute, the Office of Personnel Management (0PM), or identified as specific Agency
workforce needs. Our comprehensive human resources development program, serving
headquarters, the Regions, and EPA's laboratory network, will enable the Agency's
workforce to adapt to changing environmental programs and problems. These training
efforts will enhance the Agency's scientific and technical expertise, management
effectiveness, and clerical support.
MS-82
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1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $507,600 for professional training activi-
ties, all of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. These funds
are being utilized to strengthen and expand the skills, knowledge, and abilities
of EPA employees in headquarters, laboratories, and Regional offices. This train-
ing effort features several on-going programs: secretary/clerical development,
executive development, supervisory/management development, and technical and gen-
eral workforce development. These programs and those mandated by the Civil
Service Reform Act and 0PM ensure that EPA has the requisite skills within its
workforce to continually accomplish its statutorily mandated mission.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $415,800, all of which was for the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation to provide professional training courses for EPA employees.
These funds were utilized to revise the Agency's training policies and to develop
and implement several training initiatives: the Senior Executive Service Candidate
Program, performance appraisal skill workshops, and the career counseling center.
Professional training funds were also utilized to conduct a thorough training
needs assessment.
NATIONWIDE SUPPORT SERVICES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $53,571,600 for this program, all of which
will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an increase of $5,536,000
over 1984. The increase from 1984 is attributable to increased FTS costs associ-
ated with expanded usage, increased space rental costs and requirements to accom-
modate a growing Agency workforce, and increased payroll and finance system costs
related to the greater use of these systems.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $48,035,600, all of which is under the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation for Nationwide Support Services. The cost
containment efforts begun in 1982 and 1983 in the areas of space, mail, and tele-
communications will be expanded and updated in 1984.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$183,400 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$183,400) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$183,400 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $43,860,500 for this program, of which
$43,830,800 was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation and $29,700 for the
Operations, Research, and Facilities appropriation, which provided support ser-
vices to all Agency programs. We implemented the following cost-cutting measures
in 1983: (1) space consolidation at headquarters and in the field in accordance
with GSA space utilization guidelines, (2) new mail accountability equipment to
monitor and control postage costs, and (3) additional telephone user accountability
equipment to further reduce our long distance bills.
MS-83
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HEADQUARTERS SUPPORT SERVICES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $31,779,500 for this program, all of which
will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an increase of $5,046,300
from 1984. The increase over 1984 relates to several factors: (1) increased
telecommunications and utility costs; (2) increased ADP support requirements;
and (3) general support increases associated with a growing Agency workforce.
The resources in this component fund office and building, ADP, and library ser-
vices at Research Triangle Park (RTP), North Carolina, and Cincinnati:
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $26,733,200, all of which is for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation, to fund headquarters support costs. This
provides resources to continue basic office, building, and information management
services at EPA headquarters, RTP, and Cincinnati. Although we will continue
and expand our cost reduction programs in 1984, higher workforce levels will
cause a slight increase in headquarters support costs from 1983 levels.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$34,000 results from the following action:
- Reprogramming. (+$34,000) a reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. The change
resulted in a net increase of +$34,000 to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $25,275,800, all of which was for the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation, for Headquarters Support Services. We undertook the
following initiatives in 1983: (1) enhanced headquarters security, (2) improved
the condition of Waterside Mall, (3) developed a plan for headquarters space, and
(4) provided nationwide policy guidance and technical assistance in the areas of
telecommunications equipment procurement, security management, and property con-
trol.
REGIONAL SUPPORT SERVICES
198b Program Request
The Agency requests $20,569,700 for this program, all of which will be for
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an increase of $1,311,600 from 1984. The
increase from 1984 anticipates telecommunications and utilities rate increases,
an enhanced Regional effort in the area of computer services, and general support
increases concomitant with an expanded Regional workforce. The request will
provide basic support services to the ten Regional offices.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $19,258,100, all of which is for the Sala-
ries and Expenses appropriation. In 1984, the Office of Administration and Re-
sources Management initiated a consolidation of all non-program specific Regional
expense dollars (except Personnel Compensation and Benefits and travel) under the
Regional Support Services program element. This funding consolidation allows
Regions to centrally manage their expenses in a more cost-effective manner.
HS-84
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1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net Increase of +$6,827,700 results from the following actions:
- Reprogramming. (+$6,827,700) Several reprogrammings were made to this
activity which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogranming limita-
tions. These changes resulted in a net increase of +$188,900 to the Salaries and
Expenses appropriation.
An additional reprogramming was made moving all non-program specific "support"
type expense dollars into the Regional Support program element. The reprogramming
to Salaries and Expenses, totaling +$6,638,800, was included in a reprogramming
letter to Congress on September 29, 1983.
1983 Accomplishments .
In 1983, the Agency obligated $14,526,200, all of which was for the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation, to provide basic support services to the ten Regional
offices.
AUTOMATED DATA PROCESSING SUPPORT COSTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $23,700,000 for this program, all of which will be for
the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, an increase of $3,900,900 from 1984, to
support the operations of the Agency's National Computer Center (NCC) at Research
Triangle Park (RTF), North Carolina. Our 1985 request is based upon our projec-
tions of a significant increase in the demand for automated data processing ser-
vice in 1984 and 1985. While the overall increase in services will decrease unit
prices, the larger demand means that the total cost for services will be higher.
This program funds-centralrzed-timeshare services for all EPA programs and is
vital to the operation and maintenance of our data systems (including national
environmental data bases and Agencywide management and administrative systems).
It is, therefore, inextricably tied to the attainment of EPA's environmental goals.
These funds provide hardware and software equipment rental, maintenance require-
ments, and the contractor support necessary to operate the National Computer
Center in RTP. The NCC operates and manages the central computer facility in RTP;
the Washington Distribution Center, a user service in Headquarters; and a nation-
wide telecommunications network.
In 1985, we will complete the modernization of EPA's mainframe computers,
telecommunications network, and the interactive software necessary to make our
central data bases accessible and useful to national, Regional, and State environ-
mental program managers. Critical national systems, including the new air monitor-
ing and compliance tracking system, the water enforcement and needs survey sys-
tems, and the initiative to integrate EPA's administrative systems, were all de-
signed assuming modernized facilities and networks. Funding this modernization is
necessary to preclude the redesign of significant aspects of these new systems.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $19,799,100, all of which is for the Sala-
ries and Expenses appropriation, to provide ADP timesharing services to all
Agency programs exclusive of the Superfund program. In 1984, the NCC is imple-
menting facility management innovations such as consolidating the UNIVAC and IBM
operations into a single location, thus reducing the costs of telecommunications,
increasing productivity, and allowing a more optimal use of resources. The NCC is
emphasizing the use of standard vendor supplied software with reduced maintenance
requirements; capitalized leased disk subsystems, which provide continuing savings
over the life of the system; and user assistance to reduce failure and downtime.
MS-85
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1984 Explanation of Changes from Budget Estimate
The net increase of +$235,100 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (+$235,100) Several reprogrammings were made to this acti-
vity which were not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations.
These changes resulted in a net increase of +$235,100 to the Salaries and Expenses
appropriation.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $18,024,100, all of which was for the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation, to provide ADP services to all Agency programs
exclusive of Superfund in 1983. We improved our timeshare tracking and reporting
practices, enabling EPA timeshare users to better plan and manage their automated
data processing activities.
LAB SUPPORT - RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $5,535,400 for this program, all of which
will be for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents an increase
of $825,000 resulting from the dramatic cost increases that have occurred in the
Office of Research and Development's remote laboratories over the past few years.
The funds will provide for essential services required to operate and maintain
ORD's seven remote laboratories located in Athens, Georgia; Ada, Oklahoma; Cor-
vallis, Oregon; Duluth, Minnesota; Narragansett, Rhode Island; Gulf Breeze,
Florida; and Las Vegas, Nevada. The services include, but are not limited to
facilities operation and maintenance, janitorial and guard services, local tele-
phone services, utilities, mechanical equipment operations, maintenance, and
rental costs.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $4,710,400 for this program, all
of which is for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation to provide for the essen-
tial services required to operate and maintain ORD's remote laboratories.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $5,046,000 for this program, all of
which was for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This provided funding for
the operations and maintenance of ORD's remote laboratories.
LAB SUPPORT - AIR AND RADIATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,178,500 for this program, all of which is
for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. This represents no change from
1984. This program supports the Motor Vehicle Emissions Laboratory (MVEL) in Ann
Arbor, Michigan; the Eastern Environmental Radiation Facility (EERF) in Montgomery,
Alabama; and the Las Vegas radiation laboratory in Nevada. These funds provide for
the basic facilities operations and maintenance costs necessary to support these
laboratories. Support provided consists of security, janitorial and maintenance
services, utilities, GSA vehicles, supplies and materials, and communications.
MS-86
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1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $2,178,500, all of which is for the Sala-
ries and Expenses appropriation to support these three laboratories. The 1984
program is providing the same types of activities described for 1985, as these
services, basic laboratory operations, maintenance and supplies are required on
a continuing basis.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments \
In 1983, the Agency obligated $1,967,800 for this program, all of which was
for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation in support of the MVEL, the EERF and
the Las Vegas Facility. These funds provided the basic facilities operations and
maintenance costs necessary to operate these laboratories.
i
LAB SUPPORT - PESTICIDES AND TOXIC SUBSTANCES
1985 Program Request !
In 1985, the Agency requests $251,400, all of which will be for the Salaries
and Expenses appropriation, an increase of $100,000 to cover more intensive use
of facilities for activity related to pesticides. These funds will be used for
basic facilities and operations and maintenance costs for the laboratories in
Beltsville, Maryland and Bay St. Louis, Mississippi. These costs include utili-
ties, security, communications, warehousing, custodial services and building main-
tenance. ;
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $151,400 for this program, all of which is
for the Salaries and Expenses appropriation. The 1984 program supports the same
type of activities as in 1985.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
The Agency obligated $134,000 for this program, all of which was for the
Salaries and Expenses appropriation for continuing requirements for general sup-
port and maintenance.
MS-87
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BUILDINGS AND
FACILITIES
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
BUILDINGS 8 FACILITIES BF-1
Buildings and Facilities BF-3
New Facilities BF-5
Repairs & Improvements BF-6
BF-1
-------
BUILDINGS AMD FACILITIES
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL
REQUEST
1984
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
APPROPRIATION
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Buildings & Facilities
TOTAL, Buildings & Facilities
OUTLAYS
AUTHORIZATION LEVELS
$4,116.1 $2,600.0 $2,600.0 $2,600.0
$4,116.1 $2,600.0 $2,600.0 $2,600.0
$3,266.0 $4,689.0 $4,233.0 $4,233.0
Authorization is by virtue of Appropriation Act.
$10,500.0 $7,900.0
$10,500.0
$4,148.0
$7,900.0
-85.0
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CD
-TI
CO
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
Buildings and Facilities
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
New Facilities
Buildings & Facilities
TOTAL
Repairs 8 Improvements
Buildings & Facilities
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Buildings & Facilities
Buildings and TOTAL
Facilities
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$462.7
$462.7
$3,653.4 $2,600.0 $2,600.0 $2,600.0
$3,653.4 $2,600.0 $2,600.0 $2,600.0
$4,116.1 $2,600.0 $2,600.0 $2,600.0
$4,116.1 $2,600.0 $2,600.0 $2,600.0
$6,900.0
$6,900.0
$3,600.0
$3,600.0
$10,500.0
$10,500.0
$6,900.0
$6,900.0
$1,000.0
$1,000.0
$7,900.0
$7,900.0
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BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Buildings and Facilities program funds the design, construction, repair,
and improvement of buildings occupied by EPA. The Agency currently has ten Regional
offices, three large Research and Development laboratories, several field stations
and laboratories, and a large headquarters facility.
This program provides a safe and healthful work environment for EPA employees
by producing continuous maintenance and repairs of our facilities. Major efforts
are directed towards implementing intermediate and long-range plans which assess
alternative housing options for EPA operations, and continuing a repair program that
protects the investment in EPA's real property holdings. Resources are also used
to adapt current facilities to more adequately and efficiently address expanding
Agency programs. Particular emphasis will continue to be placed on modifying current
facilities in order to respond to the growth in the hazardous waste program. In
addition, in 1985 the Agency is requesting funds to build a new radiation laboratory
to replace our outmoded facility in Montgomery, Alabama.
BF-4
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BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
Budget Request
The Agency requests $10,500,000 for 1985, all of which will be for the Build-
ings and Facilities appropriation, an increase of $7,900,000 over 1984.
The Agency has recently completed an assessment of our facilities and eval-
uated our expanding program operations in relation to the need for repairs and
improvements. The increase in this appropriation reflects the results of this
assessment, the need to address deferred maintenance and repair projects ($1,000,
000), as well as funding for construction of a new radiation laboratory in Mont-
gomery, Alabama ($6,900,000).
Program Description
This program funds the design and construction of new EPA facilities, as well
as necessary repairs and improvements to buildings already occupied by EPA. This
program contains the following two elements:
New Facilities ~ This includes engineering and design services and construc-
tion costs of new, federally owned facilities to be occupied by EPA, or the expan-
sion of existing federally owned and EPA occupied facilities.
Repairs and Improvements This covers major repairs and capital improvements
to any buildings or facilities occupied by EPA. Most of the projects relate to the
correction of health and safety deficiencies, the prevention of serious deteriora-
tion, or improvements required for program operations.
NEW FACILITIES
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $6,900,000, all of which will be for the Building and
Facilities appropriation, and represents an increase of $6,900,000 over 1984.
These funds will be used to construct a new radiation laboratory in Montgomery,
Alabama. At present, EPA's primary radiation facility consists of 12 wood frame
buildings in Montgomery, Alabama, which are 30 to 50 years old. These separate
wooden buildings offer no fire protection and have asbestos ceilings that fragment
whenever repairs are attempted. The physical location of some of these buildings
raises questions of public safety. With these funds we will construct a modern,
safe facility as our primary radiation laboratory, assuring the continuity of the
radiation program without risk to employees or to the public.
1984 Program
No funds are allocated for New Facilities in 1984.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $462,700, all of which was for the Buildings
and Facilities appropriation, to construct a shop and warehouse facility in Gulf
Breeze, Florida, which provides storage and work space for the EPA operations at
that installation.
BF-5
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REPAIRS AND IMPROVEMENTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $3,600,000 for this program, all of which will be for
the Buildings and Facilities appropriation, an increase of $1,000,000 over 1984.
The increase will be used to address deferred projects. These funds will pro-
vide planning, engineering design, and construction related to the repair and
improvement of buildings occupied by EPA. Our projects include health and safety
improvements, maintenance and repairs, space alterations, engineering and plan-
ning, energy conservation, emergency repairs, and facility adaptations related to
program changes.
In 1985, we will address the maintenance and repair projects which resulted
from our delay of facilities projects in 1982 and 1983 while we reviewed all of
the Agency's real property holdings with emphasis on program plans and cost effec-
tiveness of specific lab operations. We now have an excellent assessment of our
facilities, and an understanding of the facilities needs of our programs. Our
strategy will establish a level of effort which will complete the projects and
maintain a strong on-going facilities management program.
Again in 1985, in conformance with the Appropriation Committees' concerns,
this request contains funding for all repairs and improvement projects over
$20,000. The Salaries and Expenses appropriation contains funds for project un-
der $20,000.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $2,600,000 for this program, all of which
is for the Buildings and Facilities appropriation. We will continue across-the-
board health and safety changes to protect EPA employees and respond to the shift-
ing emphasis on hazardous substances. We are also addressing basic facility
needs, such as the installation of a heating and cooling system and electrical
supply at our Edison, New Jersey facility, and roof and emergency repairs at
several other sites. This program, in conformance with the Appropriation Com-
mittees' concerns, contains funding for all repairs and improvement projects
greater than $20,000. The Salaries and Expenses appropriation contains funds for
repairs and improvement projects under $20,000.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $3,653,400 all of which was for the Buildings and
Facilities appropriation for health and safety projects and for facilities altera-
tions and modifications. These projects included fume hood modifications, heat-
ing and ventilation system repairs, laboratory containment improvements, fire pro-
tection devices, and emergency repairs such as those to the collapsed ceiling in
our motor vehicle testing laboratory in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
BF-6
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CONSTRUCTION
GRANTS
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS CG-1
Construction Grants CG-2
CG-1
-------
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
ESTIMATE
1985
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1985 vs 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Appropriation $2,430,000.0 $2,400,000.0 $2,430,000.0 $2,430,000.0 $2,400,000.0 -$30,000.0
I
Obligations* $3,737,469.5 $2,700,000.0 $3,000,000.0 $3,000,000.0 $2,700,000.0 -$300,000.0
Outlays $2,982,669.3 $2,800,000.0 $2,500,000.0 $2,500,000.0 $2,500,000.0
Authorization Levels $2,600,000.0 $2,600,000.0 $2,600,000.0 $2,600,000.0 $2,600,000.0
o * Net obligations In 1983 are $544 million less, $400 million less 1n 1984 and $300 million less In 1985. .
-------
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The long range goal of the construction grants program is to reduce the
discharge of municipal wastewater pollutants in order to improve water quality
and protect public health. To meet this goal, the program provides grants to
municipal and intermunicipal agencies to. assist in financing the construction of
cost-effective and environmentally sound minicipal wastewater treatment facilities
to comply with requirements of the Clean Water Act. In addition, the program
provides funds to assist States in carrying out their responsibilities in managing
the Construction Grants program and to assist them in carrying out water quality
management planning programs. To meet long-range goals, EPA is working with the
States to direct funds to projects with the greatest water quality and public
health impacts; minimize expenditures for wastewater treatment construction, and
local operation and maintenance, and replacement costs; prevent waste, fraud, and
mismanagement; ensure timely construction; eliminate remaining project completion
and closeout backlogs; and ensure effective results-oriented program management by
States. i
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (P.L. 92-500)
created the basis of today's Federal program. From 1973 through 1983, Congress
authorized approximately $42 billion and appropriated approximately $40 billion.
An estimated $39 billion has been obligated and $30 billion outlayed under P.L.
92-500. As of the end of FY 1983, approximately 3,550 P.L. 92-500 plants have
been completed and 8,035 Step 1, 2, 3, and 2+3 projects remained active. During
these years the program has had two major midcourse corrections. Amendments in
1977 provided for delegation of the program to the States, provided financial
relief for small communities, encouraged, innovative and alternative technologies,
and extended the secondary treatment compliance deadline. Amendments in 1981
recognized that national economic realities dictated that Federal dollars must be
targeted towards the most urgent treatment needs with greatest water quality
impact. They limited Federal eligibilities, provided for ensuring that treatment
plants operate to meet design specifications, established State water quality
management planning Activities, and again extended the secondary treatment com-
pliance deadlinef ~~
EPA anticipates that the construction grants program will be essentially
fully delegated by the end of 1984 and that no significant changes in delegation
status will occur in the foreseeable future. With the passage of the 1981
amendments and the development of simplified program regulations, discretionary
guidance and State and EPA program oversight systems, States will have appropriate
flexibility for implementing delegated construction grants management. EPA will
continue to maintain Federal responsibilities for ensuring effective use of Federal
funds; ensure program integrity in meeting statutory requirements; provide techni-
cal assistance and training; monitor projects with overriding Federal interest;
define with States annual program objectives and priorities; and oversee annual
program accomplishments.
During 1984, EPA will be conducting a major study of alternative Federal and
non-Federal financial involvement in municipal wastewater treatment which may lead
to recommendations for the program's future when the current authorization expires
in 1985. The Agency intends to work closely with States, communities, and various
interest groups throughout the process to assure that all interests are effectively
represented in formulating feasible recommendations which will continue to support
priority national water quality and public health goals and objectives. Future
program directions will be determined during the 1984-1985 time period.
CG-3
-------
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
Budget Request
The Agency requests an appropriation of $2,400,000,000 for 1985 for the munici-
pal construction grants program established under Title II of the Clean Water Act
(CWA), as amended. This represents a decrease of $30,000,000 from 1984. Net
obligations for 1985 are expected to total $2,400,000,000, which is a decrease of
$200,000,000 from 1984. This decrease? in obligations is attributable to a
decline in total funds available as a result of the reduction in carryover funds.
I
Program Description ,
This program provides grants to municipal and intermunicipal agencies to
assist in financing the construction of ^cost-effective and environmentally sound
municipal wastewater treatment facilities.; to assist delegated States in carrying
out their responsibilities to manage the Construction Grants program; and to assist
States in carrying out water quality management planning programs. The program
also provides special funding to add res si marine combined sewer overflow problems.
Resources associated with the management of these funds are described in the
Municipal Source Control subactivity. ;
From its annual construction grants allotment, a State may reserve up to four
percent of its authorization or $400,000,,whichever is greater, to manage its dele-
gated activities and may reserve up to one percent of its allotment or $100,000,
whichever is greater, for water quality management planning. The Act also requires
that each State set aside between four and seven and one half percent of its allot-
ment to provide incentives to communities to use innovative and alternative tech-
nologies in constructing their wastewater treatment facilities and that States
having substantial rural populations set aside four percent of their funds for
alternative projects in small commmunities. All grants for assisting in the
development and construction of wastewater treatment facilities are to be awarded
on the basis of a State's priority system, which is designed to ensure that funds
are awarded to projects with the greatest potential for improving water quality.
Before "the T981~amendments~ projects were Tone"i n "Three" st~ages~w1tfi separate
grants awarded to a community for the planning (Step 1), design (Step 2), and
construction (Step 3) phases of each project. (Smaller communities sometimes
combined design and construction into a single "Step 2 and 3" grant.) In order to
make the process more efficient, the 1981 amendments eliminated the three-step
procedure at the time of grant award and provided instead for allowances for
planning and design costs and for advances of funds to enable small communities to
plan and design projects. Other provisions designed to make the program more
cost-effective include eliminating funding to construct reserve capacity, limiting
project eligibilities beginning in 1985, providing for State discretion on certain
funding eligibilities, expanding the secondary treatment definition, and extending
for one year the period for coastal cities to seek secondary treatment waivers.
The 1981 amendments also emphasized increased non-Federal responsibility for
financing, constructing, and operating cost-effective works that meet their permit
requirements. The local funding share will increase from 25 percent to 45 percent
for awards made beginning in 1985. Grantees must demonstrate prior to award that
the most economical alternative has been selected, including construction, opera-
tion, maintenance, and replacement costs. Value engineering review is mandatory
for projects above $10 million. Additionally, engineering firms will be required
to oversee a project's first year of operation to help ensure that it meets design
and permit specifications. As a result of these amendments, the Federal funding
potential under the current program is $37.3 billion as reported in the 1982 Needs
Survey published by EPA. As also reported by the Survey, significant progress has
been made since the 1980 Needs Survey in meeting treatment needs.
.CG-4
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The goal of the State management assistance grant program under Section 205(g)
is to encourage States to assume responsibility for management of construction
grants and other priority programs, leading to full delegation of the program. A
grant is provided to a State when it is able to exercise effective management for a
substantial portion of program activities. EPA is working with all States to con-
tinue ensuring optimum delegation and effective State oversight. EPA anticipates
that all States and Puerto Rico will have signed delegation agreements by the end
of 1985, with 38 of the States fully delegated by that time.
The goal of the water quality management planning grant program under Section
205(j) is to support priorities for determining the nature and extent of water
quality problems; identifying cost-effective means to meet and maintain water
quality standards, including nonpoint source control programs; and identifying
municipal wastewater treatment construction needs. States are required to consult
with local, Regional and interstate agencies in developing work plans for using
these funds. I
In accordance with Congressional directives, the Administrator is reviewing
all proposed advanced treatment (AT) projects where the incremental cost of the
advanced component is greater than $3,000,000. The Regional offices are respon-
sible for a similar review of projects; with an incremental cost of less than
$3,000,000. With the issuance of the Agency's AT policy, increased EPA guidance,
and State awareness of appropriate AT review procedures, EPA is requesting Con-
gressional consent to delegate AT review functions for all projects to those States
and Regions which demonstrate capability; Headquarters will continue to maintain
appropriate oversight.
1985 Program Request I
In 1985, EPA requests a construction grants appropriation of $2,400,000,000,
a decrease of $30,000,000 from 1984. The decrease reflects elimination of separate
funding to correct Marine Combined Sewer Overflow problems under Section 201(n);
such projects are eligible for funding under State discretionary authorities.
This funding level will p_rovKie _for a total_pf 650 grant awards and $2,400,000,000
in net obligations. The Agency esYimate's~~t"hat~" outlays" wiTl totaT" 'approximately'
$2,500,000,000. A total of 1,060 projects are expected to complete construction.
With this appropriation States are expected to obligate $92,776,000 for Section
205(g) delegation management and $24,447*320 for water quality management planning
under Section 205(j).
EPA expects that all States will have accepted initial delegation by the end
of 1985. We expect that 38 States will be fully delegated, including support from
the Corps of Engineers, an increase of six from 1984. The remaining States are
expected to continue at approximately the; same level of delegation for the forsee-
able future. Including expected 205(g) obligations of $92,776,000, States will
provide 2,086 workyears or 68 percent of the total program management staffing,
EPA 19 percent, and the Corps of Engineers the remaining 13 percent.
EPA will continue working with States in targeting funds towards priority
water quality needs; assuring that proposed plants are within each community's
financial capabilities and use the most appropriate, cost-effective technology;
completing and closing out projects as quickly as possible; ensuring effective
facilities construction including improved first year operations; preventing waste,
fraud or mismanagement and taking necessary corrective action; meeting grants
obligation and outlay projections and reducing excessive unliquidated balances;
and managing effectively shared EPA, State, and Corps of Engineers responsibilities.
EPA anticipates that States will obligate $24,447,320 under Section 205(j) in
support of water quality management priorities including review and revision of
water quality standards; development of needed nonpoint source control and ground-
water management programs; and ensuring consistency of proposed permits and
construction grants with approved water quality management plans.
CG-5
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1984 Program
With a 1984 construction grants appropriation of $2,430,000,000, EPA expects
to award 726 Step 3 and 2+3 grants and to obligate $2,600,000,000 (net). A total
of 885 projects are expected to complete construction. These funds will also
support construction grants management activities in 50 delegated States with
estimated 205(g) obligations of $97,752,000; 205(j) water quality management plan-
ning activities with estimated obligations of $38,472,077 including $14,100,000
from 1983 appropriations; and funding of Marine Combined Sewer Overflow projects.
Federal outlays are expected to total $2,500,000,000.
By the end of 1984, EPA expects that-the construction grants program will have
achieved essentially full delegation. Although States may assume responsibility
for a limited number of additional activities, the delegated workload will remain
relatively constant. Of the 50 jurisdictions with delegation agreements, 32 States
are expected to assume full delegation, an increase of three over 1983. EPA will
primarily exercise the role of overall program manager for the States.
The Agency will work with States to;define annual national program priorities
and objectives, monitor delegated State .programs, and provide needed management
assistance. The Federal program will emphasize results-oriented oversight of
high priority activities where there are direct financial, water quality, or
public health concerns. EPA will ensure that funds are targeted to identified
water quality and public health needs; projects are technologically appropriate
and are within the financial capability* of the communities served; appropriate
advanced treatment funding decisions are made; projects are completed and closed
out as quickly as possible; waste, fraud, and mismanagement in the program are
prevented; and that obligation and outlay projections are met and unnecessary
unliquidated balances reduced. i
The $38,472,077 to be obligated under Section 205(j) will primarily support
updates of water quality plans and standards; development of nonpoint source
control and ground-water management programs; and development of wasteload allo-
cations on priority waterbodies for determining treatment needs.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, construction grant obligations totaled $3,193,777,000 (net) and
supported 809 awards (280 step 2+3 and 529 step 3). This funding resulted in
8,035 active projects by year end. Federal outlays totaled $2,982,669,000.
During the year 1,125 projects completed construction and, by year end, approxi-
mately 3,550 P.L. 92-500 funded plants were completed and on line.
During 1983, four additional States signed an initial delegation agreement.
Of the 50 jurisdictions with delegation agreements, 29 are considered to be fully
delegated. Delegated States obligated $126,849,000 under Section 205(g) in 1983
to support construction grants and other eligible program needs. States provided
1,973 workyears, or 63 percent of the total construction grants management program.
States obligated $34,349,839 Section 205(j) funds, including $23,927,276 from the
1982 appropriation, to support priority water quality management planning needs.
CG-6
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SURERFUND
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
SUPERFUND SF-1
RESEARCH 8 DEVELOPMENT
Hazardous Substances Research SF-9
ENFORCEMENT
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement SF-21
Hazardous Substance Technical Support - Office of Enforcement
& Compliance Monitoring SF-24
Hazardous Substance Technical Enforcement SF-24
Hazardous Substance Legal Enforcement SF-26
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT
Management & Support SF-29
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Headquarters SF-36
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Regions SF-36
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management - Headquarters.... SF-37
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management - Regions SF-38
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Headquarters SF-39
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Regions SF-39
Hazardous Substance Computer Services SF-40
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Headquarters SF-40
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Regions SF-41
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Inspector General SF-42
Hazardous Substance - Office of Policy, Planning & Evaluation... SF-43
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Comptroller SF-43
Hazardous Substance - Office of Research & Development -
Lab Support SF-44
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE ACTIONS
Hazardous Substance Response - EPA SF-46
Hazardous Spill & Site Response SF-48
Assessing & Replacing Natural Resources SF-51
Multi -medi a Support SF-52
Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency SF-53
Department of Health & Human Services (HHS) SF-56
United States Coast Guard (USCG) SF-57
Department of Justice (DOJ) SF-57
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) SF-58
FEMA - Relocation SF-58
National Oceanographic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) SF-58
Department of Interior (DOI) SF-58
Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) -
Headqua rters SF-59
Hazardous Waste Site Inventory SF-61
SF-1
-------
SUPERFUND
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
APPROPRIATION
Hazardous Substance $230,233.4 $310,000.0 $410,000.0 $410,000.0 $50,000.0 $640,000.0 230,000.0
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL, Superfund $230,233.4 $310,000.0 $410,000.0 $410,000.0 $50,000.0 $640,000.0 230,000.0
PERMANENT WORKYEARS 635.7 619.3 892.0 890.9 50.0 1,249.0 358.1
TOTAL WORKYEARS 724.8 707.1 1,007.1 1,007.1 50.0 1,357.1 350.0
.., OUTLAYS $147,803.0 $269,000.0 $325,000.0 $325,000.0 $15,000.0 $535,000.0 $210,000.0
71 AUTHORIZATION LEVELS Authorization is by virtue of Appropriation Act.
-------
SUPERFUND
OVERVIEW AND STRATEGY
The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
(CERCLA) of 1980 (commonly known as "Superfund") charged the EPA with the respon-
sibility for providing emergency response for hazardous substances released into
the environment and the cleanup of inactive hazardous waste disposal sites. In
1985, the major emphasis of the Superfund program will be to stabilize imminent
threats at hazardous waste sites and to implement the necessary long-term remedial
response actions. The cost of implementing CERCLA is financed by the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund. This Fund is derived primarily by the combination
of excise taxes levied on oil and chemical manufacturers and revenues from the
General Fund. The authority to collect taxes expires on or before September 30,
1985.
As authorized under CERCLA, EPA will respond to releases of hazardous sub-
stances, pollutants, and contaminants by taking removal or remedial actions or by
compelling responsible parties to undertake the response action. Removal actions
are generally short term responses taken to abate an immediate threat posed by
the uncontrolled release of hazardous substances at sites or spills into the air,
land, or water. Remedial actions involve long-term and more permanent remedies
taken instead of or in addition to removal actions. The program will continue
to select sites for remedial actions from the National Priorities .List (NPL) and
undertake all response in accordance with the National Contingency Plan.
While the Agency has the primary responsibility for implementing the program,
CERCLA and Executive Order 12316 provide a clear mandate for the Agency to work
closely with a variety of other Federal agencies and the States to carry out the
Act. The Agency undertakes five major activities in implementing the Superfund
program: Hazardous Substance Response, Enforcement, Research and Development,
Management and Support, and Interagency Support. The effective integration of
these activities involves close cooperation among various Agency offices, the
States, and other Federal agencies with specific program responsibilities.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE ACTIONS WILL INCREASE SIGNIFICANTLY IN 1085
In 1985, Hazardous Substance Response activities financed by the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund will focus on the containment of the most serious
hazardous waste emergencies and will continue to plan and implement remedial re-
sponses at uncontrolled sites posing the greatest threat to public health and the
environment. The Agency will continue its systematic evaluation of all known
uncontrolled waste sites to determine which pose a significant threat to public
health and the environment. As required by CERCLA, the National Priorities List
(NPL) has been prepared to provide a basis for determining priorities for response
and enforcement efforts.
In order to make the best use of available resources, each site on the list
will be evaluated to determine whether there is a strong probability of initiating
a successful enforcement action. In those instances where there is a significant
likelihood of success, a concerted effort will be made to have the responsible
party assume the cost of response. In most cases, negotiations with responsible
parties will be based on assessments of the site and analysis of alternative solu-
tions conducted by the Agency. If these negotiations fail, the Agency will proceed
to design and implement the selected alternative. In those instances where there
is little or no chance to have the responsible party assume the cost of response,
the Agency will initiate efforts to characterize the site, identify and analyze
feasible solutions, and design and implement the most cost-effective remedy.
SF-3
-------
By the end of 1985, the Agency expects to have initiated Federally-financed
planning efforts at approximately 396 sites for eventual remedial actions by either
responsible parties or the Fund and begun the design or implementation of solutions
at approximately 135 sites. Of this-total, the Agency is requesting supplemental
1984 funding to begin design or implementation at 10 of these sites and to accel-
erate the process of characterizing sites for either Fund-financed response or
enforcement action at 35 sites.
The Agency will continue to work closely with the States in selecting and
implementing solutions at hazardous waste sites. States will be encouraged to
accept management of all response actions. For those sites where the States do
not accept the lead, the Agency will contract for the necessary expertise to con-
duct the assessment and selection of alternatives and the Army Corps of Engineers
will manage design and construction contracts to implement the selected remedy.
The Agency will continue to ensure an effective emergency response program
for any major hazardous substance spills and for emergency releases at hazardous
waste sites. Approximately 4,000 hazardous substance spills and site emergencies
occur each year. The Federal government will become involved only in those situ-
ations where the party responsible is either unknown or incapable of properly
handling the response and the State and local governments are unable to provide
adequate response. The Agency will continue to work closely with the U.S. Coast
Guard and other members of the National and Regional Response Teams, as well as
the States, to provide timely and effective response in those situations where it
is truly necessary.
ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS WILL BE FOCUSED TO ACHIEVE MAXIMUM SITE CLEANUP AND RECOVERY
OF FUNDS
The goal of the enforcement program is to secure privately-financed response
actions through negotiated settlement or administrative and legal actions and to
recover Trust Fund money spent on Federal remedial and removal actions. Those
responsible for uncontrolled sites will be given an early opportunity to reach a
settlement and voluntarily assume the cost of responding. In most cases, negotia-
tions will be based on an assessment of site conditions and alternative solutions
identified by the Agency. This will enable the Agency to target its enforcement
efforts at those sites where there is a high probability of success.
The Agency will also initiate administrative and legal actions against those
parties who fail to negotiate in good faith, focusing on the development of le-
gally and technically sound cases where appropriate, including those instances
where Fund-financed response can not be undertaken. In addition, in those cases
where a Fund-financed response action is undertaken, the Agency will seek to
recover the cost of responding.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT WILL CONTINUE TO SUPPORT FIELD RESPONSE ACTIONS
The Research and Development program supports the Agency, States, and industry
in resolving those technical problems which inhibit the effective implementation
of removal and remedial actions. Support focuses on adapting existing technologies
and scientific information for application to uncontrolled hazardous waste site
situations. For example, current"technologies used in the construction industry
and spill cleanup may be applicable to uncontrolled waste sites. However, before
these technologies can be applied, they must first be tested, their cost-effective-
ness determined, and their limitations understood. In addition, field response
personnel must be in a position to rapidly identify and to accurately measure the
hazardous waste with which they are confronted and to quickly determine the risk
involved to the surrounding population and ecosystem.
SF-4
-------
Superfund research and development activities are systematically designed to
provide the following in support of the Agency's program: methods for sampling
and analyzing hazardous materials needed for quality assurance protocols; tech-
niques for field response personnel to use in evaluating potential sites; and
engineering and other technical guidance to Federal, State, and local officials
for immediate response at uncontrolled site cleanup operations.
MANAGEMENT AND SUPPORT WILL PROVIDE AGENCY SERVICES TO THE SUPERFUND PROGRAM
Management and Support activities for the Superfund program provide the full
array of financial, administrative, and support services in an integrated and
efficient manner. The five major activities conducted to supply basic Agency
management and support are administrative services, financial management, policy
analysis, and the services of the Offices of the Inspector General and General
Counsel.
EPA WILL CONTINUE TO UTILIZE THE EXPERTISE OF OTHER FEDERAL AGENCIES
In addition to requiring integration of the efforts of the various Agency
offices with program responsibilities, the Superfund program requires close co-
operation among various Federal agencies. Executive Order 12316, signed by the
President in August 1981, requires that the Agency assume overall responsibility
for the management of the program. In addition, several other agencies including
the Departments of Justice, Health and Human Services, Transportation, Commerce,
Labor, Interior, and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) are assigned
responsibilities under CERCLA and the Executive Order. To ensure a coordinated
Federal program, the Agency has emphasized the development of an integrated
approach in undertaking site response actions. Ongoing activities of other Federal
agencies are determined jointly under the interagency budget process established
in the Executive Order and are generally funded through transfer allocation
accounts. Additional activities at specific sites undertaken by other Federal
agencies may by triggered at the request of the EPA's on-scene personnel and
are, with the exception of FEMA, funded through reimbursable agreements. This
dual system ensures that agencies have sufficient funds to conduct ongoing activi-
ties while providing the EPA with the ability to manage and coordinate Federal
actions at specific sites.
SF-5
-------
SUPERFUNO
Amendment/
Budget' Current Increase +
Program Activities
REMOVAL ACTIONS
Immediate Removal Actions ....
REMEDIAL ACTIONS
Preliminary Assessments ......
Remedial Investigations/
Feasibility Studies
Fund Lead ...................
Enforcement Lead ............
Initial Remedial Measures ....
ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS
Technical Support for
Ongoing Docket/Filed
Civil Litigation Case Support
CERCLA Section 106 Imminent
CERCLA Section 107 Cost
Recovery
Actual
1983
88
6
1 891
550
85
30
11
18
6
48
27
4
17
Estimate
1984
50
10
4,000
2,000
55
40
25
22
40
50
10
24
Estimate
1984
150
20
4,000
1,300
55
25
30
25
15
55
11
8
34
Estimate
1985
150
20
6,600
2,000
69
46
68
25
46
77
15
11
48
Oecrease -
1984 vs 1985
0
0
+2,600.
+700
+ 14
+ 21
+ 38
0
+ 31
+ 2?
+ 4
+ 3
+ 14
SF-6
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SUPERFUND
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
Program Activities 1984
REMOVAL ACTIONS
Immediate Removal Actions 150
Planned Removal Actions 20
REMEDIAL ACTIONS
Preliminary Assessments 4,000
Inspections 1,300
Remedial Investigation/
Feasibility Studies
Fund Lead 55
Enforcement Lead 25
Designs 30
Initial Remedial Measures 25
Remedial Actions 15
ENFORCEMENT ACTIONS
Technical Support for
Ongoing Docket/Filed
Cases 55
Settlements 11
Civil Litigation Case Support
CERCLA Section 106 Imminent
Hazard 8
CERCLA Section 107 Cost
Recovery 34
Supplemental
Request
1984
+20
+15
+10
+2
SF-7
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Research and
Development
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
SUPERFUND SF-1
RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Hazardous Substances Research SF-9
SF-8
-------
co
-n
i
vo
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substances Research
PROGRAM
Scientific Assessment
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
ACTUAL
1983
$776.4
$776.4
BUDGET AMENDMENT
ESTIMATE 1984
1984
(DOLLARS
$794.0
$794.0
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL
ESTIMATE REQUEST
1984 1984
IN THOUSANDS)
$844.0 $844.0
$844.0 $844.0
ESTIMATE
1985
$1,255.
$1,255.
INCREASE +
DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
7 $411.7
7 $411.7
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
Environmental Processes
& Effects
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
$2,085.5 $2,905.9
$2,085.5 $2,905.9
$3,794.4 $2,221.3
$3,794.4 $2,221.3
$3,705.9 $3,705.9
$3,705.9 $3,705.9
$3,721.3 $3,666.3
$3,721.3 $3,666.3
TOTAL
$162.2
$162.2
$459.5
$459.5
$509.5
$509.5
$509.5
$509.5
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substances
Research
TOTAL
$6,818.5 $6,380.7
$6,818.5 $6,380.7
$8,780.7 $8,725.7
$8,780.7 $8,725.7
$4,922.8 $1,216.9
$4,922.8 $1,216.9
$6,291.4 $2,625.1
$6,291.4 $2,625.1
$163.6
$163.6
-$345.9
-$345.9
$12,633.5 $3,907.8
$12,633.5 $3,907.8
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to
-n
i
H-*
o
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substances Research
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Environmental Engineering
8 Technology
Environmental Processes
8 Effects
TOTAl PERMANENT WORKYEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Scientific Assessment
Monitoring Systems &
Quality Assurance
Environmental Engineering
& Technology
Environmental Processes
& Effects
TOTAL WORKYEARS
2.5
10.0
12.7
1.5
26.7
2.5
10.4
12.7
1.5
27.1
2.5
8.4
11.5
2.1
24.5
2.5
8.4
11.5
2.1
24.5
3.4
14.4
20.3
3.1
41.2
3.5
14.4
21.5
3.1
42.5
3.4
14.4
20.3
3.1
41.2
3.5
14.4
21.5
3.1
42.5
4.0
19.6
31.3
3.1
58.0
4.0
19.6
31.3
3.1
58.0
.6
5.2
11.0
16.8
.5
5.2
9.8
15.5
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Research
Major Outputs/Milestones
Provide Techniques and Procedures for
Site and Situation Assessment
- Prepare health risk assessments
for use 1n remedial and enforcement
actions (Scientific Assessment)
- Develop state-of-the-art
methods for site-specific
risk assessments (Scientific Assessment)
- Provide guidelines for site sampling
(Monitoring)
- Provide quality assurance for National
Contract Laboratory Program
(Monitoring)
Evaluate Technologies to Manage Uncontrolled
Waste Sites
- Evaluate the testing and demonstration
of EPA's mobile incinerator (Env. Eng.)
- Provide handbooks for decontamination and
construction equipment design (Env. Eng.)
- Provide handbook on Fugitive Dust Control
around Superfund sites (Env. Eng.)
Provide Information for Personnel Health
and Safety Equipment and Procedures
- Provide report on evaluation of per-
meability of suit fabric (Env. Eng.)
- Provide manual for selection of
protective clothing materials (Env. Eng.)
Support Reportable Quantities Regulatory
Efforts
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
1983 1984 1985
Ongoing Ongoing
9/83
9/84
9/84
Ongoing Ongoing
6/83
1/84
9/85
- Provide monitoring guidelines (Monitoring) 9/84
- Determine carcinogenicity and
chronic toxicity criteria for use in
determining reportable quantities
(Scientific Assessment) 9/83
Provide technical support to Enforcement
and Regional Offices (All ORD Offices) Ongoing
9/84
9/84
9/85
10/84
9/85
9/85
9/84
Ongoing Ongoing
Ongoing
9/85
9/85
Ongoing
6/86
1/85
9/85
10/84
9/85
SF-11
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Research
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $12,633,500 supported by 58.0 total workyears
for 1985, an increase of $3,907,800 and 15.5 total workyears from 1984. Within
this level, there are increases in environmental engineering and technology, moni-
toring systems and quality assurance, scientific assessment and a decrease in
environmental processes and effects. The increase in engineering will support
additional technology evaluations and technical support for the Office of Emergency
and Remedial Response (OERR) and Office of Waste Programs Enforcement (OWPE). The
increases in monitoring and quality assurance and scientific assessment will prin-
cipally be used to support additional enforcement actions. The decrease in envi-
ronmental processes reflects the completion of a set of site and situation assess-
ment technical manuals.
Program Description
The Office of Research and Development (ORD) primarily provides technical
support to the Superfund program office based upon completed research and expertise
obtained from other programs such as Hazardous Waste. This technical support
includes providing tailored guidance documents, operations manuals, assessment
techniques, and technical expertise to meet the specific requirements of EPA
program and Regional offices, States and local authorities. Specific program
objectives established as the basis for ORD support activities are:
Objective 1. Provide Techniques and Procedures for Site and Situation Assess-
ment.These activities provide the techniques and procedures to allow On-Scene
Coordinators (OSC's) to quickly and effectively assess the degree of hazard posed
at specific uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. An extensive quality assurance
program for the National Contracts Laboratory Program is also provided, including
development and promulgation of analytical methods to measure and characterize
samples from Superfund sites.
Objecti ve 2. Evaluate Technologies to Manage Uncontrolled Waste Sites. Acti-
vities supporting this objective evaluate and assess the technologies, techniques
and construction materials which may be applicable to controlling hazardous waste
releases to the environment in a cost-effective manner.
Objective 3. Provide Procedures for Ensuring Effective Post-Closure Assessment
at Hazardous Waste Sites. These act i viti es provide the means to accurately monitor
and determine the adequacy of control during the post-closure phase of site cleanup.
Objective 4. Provide Information on Personnel Health, Protective Equipment
and Procedures. These activities provide evaluation and assessment of the techno-
logies applicable to ensuring personnel health and safety during removal and cleanup
operations.
SF-12
-------
Objective 5. Support Reportable Quantities Regulatory Efforts. These activi-
ties Iupport~3uperfund~TiguTatoryefforts by ranki ng and assigning reportable
quantities to chemicals based upon a number of scientific and technical factors.
These quantities are then used as a basis for taking corrective action, if
necessary.
Objective 6. Provide Technical Support to Enforcement, Program and Regional
Offices". This work provides review of remedial action design and implementation
plans, review and evaluation of all quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC)
plans, and review and new data submitted by liable parties for specific site prob-
lems. Expert witnesses are furnished when required.
SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $1,255,700 supported by 4.0 total workyears for
this program, all of which is funded under the Hazardous Substance Response Trust
Fund. This represents an increase of $411,700 in total funding and an increase of
0.5 workyears, reflecting the Agency's increased need for technical support for
enforcement activities, and for development of procedures for assessing exposures
and health risks for compounds like 2,3,7,8-TCDD (dioxin).
Provide Techniques and Procedures for Site and Situation Assessment. In 1985
site-sped fie, situation-sped fie, or chemical-specific health risk assessments
will be prepared to assist the program office in evaluating both alternative courses
of action at uncontrolled sites and potential regulatory strategies. In addition,
risk methods development work will continue in order to maintain existing protocols
at the state-of-the-art. Technical guidelines will also be developed to estimate
emissions of low vapor pressure and highly adsorptive compounds similar to 2,3,7,8
-TCDD from contaminated land sites.
Provide Technical Support to Enforcement, Program and Regional Offices. In
1985, an increased number of site-specific or chemicaf-speci fie assessments wil 1 be
prepared to predict the relative risk they pose and assist the program office in
evaluati ng the need for enforcement action. These assessments may range from
brief hazard summaries to peer-reviewed, detailed documents for use in litigation
or negoti ation. In addition, physical-chemical properties of 2,3,7,8-TCDD will
be determined for use in transport and fate studies associated with risk assess-
ments. Exposure to 2,3, 7,8-TCDD through accumulation on skin and subsequent
ingestion wi 11 be evaluated.
1984 Program
In 1984 the Agency is allocating a total of $844,000 and 3.5 permanent work-
years for this program, all of which is funded under the Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund.
Provide Techniques and Procedures for Site and Situation Assessment. A
variety of site and situation-specific risk assessments covering single chemicals
and simple mixtures are being provided to the Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response-(OERR) and the Regions. A methods handbook for site-specific assessments
is being completed and subjected to peer review. A previously established capacity
to provide rapid response health assessments is being expanded and will be inter-
faced with the Chemical Information System.
Provide Procedures for Ensuring Effective Post-Closure of Uncontrolled Sites.
Protocols are being developed and tested For estimating aggregate acceptability
indices for exposure to residual levels of complex chemical mixtures. The protocols
will be applied to a limited number of specific cases to test how easily they can
be followed, using data from the Agency's monitoring program.
SF-13
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Support Reportable Quantities Regulatory Efforts. Health effects data for
speci fie chemicals are being analyzed. These chemicals are ranked according to
the risk they pose, based on carci nogeni ci ty or chronic toxicity, for use by the
program office which is in the process of determining minimum reportable quantities
for each chemical. Response to public comments on earlier rulemaking relative to
reportable quantities is included as a part of this activity.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983 the Agency obligated a total of $776,400 and 2.5 total workyears for
this program, all of which was funded under the Hazardous Substance Response Trust
Fund.
Provide Techniques and Procedures for Site and Situation Assessment. In 1983
toxicity data was assembled and entered into the rapid response data base entitled
Studies in Toxicology Applicable to Risk Assessment. Four rapid response health
assessments were provided as requested by the program staff. Methodology develop-
ment for site-specific risk assessment was advanced through two symposia.
Provide Procedures for Ensuring Effective Post-Closure of Uncontrolled Sites.
In 1983 several detailed site specific human health risk assessments were prepared
as part of this program. Work continued on the concept of developing aggregate
acceptability indices for exposures to residual levels of hazardous substance
remaining after remedial response has been completed.
Support Reportable Quantities Regulatory Efforts. In 1983 chemi cal-speci fie
criteria for determining reportable quantities were prepared for 191 chemicals
based on carci nogeni city, and for 260 chemicals based on chronic toxicity.
MONITORING SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,922,800 supported by 19.6 total workyears
for this program, all of which is funded under the Hazardous Substances Response
Trust Fund. This reflects an increase of $1,216,900 and 5.2 workyears and will
result in strengthening the quality assurance program in support of the Agency's
National Contract Laboratory Program. The increase will also support increased
sampling quality assurance and a laboratory analysis support program for enforce-
ment actions and settlement agreements.
Provide Techniques and Procedures for Site and Situation Assessment. It i s
anticipated that the National Contracts Laboratory Program will soon increase to
50 contractors thereby requiring additional quality assurance support. On-site
evaluations, protocol revision, quarterly reviews, and data audits will be provided
to establish data of known quality in support of this program. The use of aerial
photography to establish the growth and past use of hazardous sites will be con-
tinued. The Compendium of Sampling Methods wi 11 be updated. The sampling quality
assurance program and the air monitoring evaluation programs will be expanded.
Provide Technical Support to Enforcement, Program and Regional Offices. Addi-
tional support to OWPE will be provided in response to the increase in litigation
actions. Expert witness, monitoring and data analysis for case preparation will
be provided. Quality assurance for settlement agreements will be provided to
agreements such as Hyde Park. Support in the form of geophysical monitoring and
specialized monitoring will be provided to removal and remedial actions. A referee
SF-14
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laboratory to analyze complex samples will be provided to the Regions. Specific
site studies in air, water, and soils will be provided to the program office and
Regions.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,705,900 and 14.4 total work-
years to this program, all of which is funded under the Hazardous Substances Response
Trust Fund.
Provide Techniques and Procedures for Site and Situation Assessment. A quality
assurance program I s conti nui ng that ensures that data of known quality are produced
by laboratory analysis contractors. The latest protocols, instrumentation for
field sampling and air monitoring techniques are being investigated. Historical
and new aerial photography are being used to characterize site conditions from 1935
to the present.
Support Reportable Quantities Regulatory Efforts. A compendium of available
moni tori ng met hods for ambient and emergency monitoring of air, water, and soils
is being completed for the promulgation of Superfund regulations under CERCLA
Section 101 (14) and 102.
Provide Technical Support of Enforcement, Program and Regi onal Offi ces. A
Quality Assurance/Quality Control Laboratory is providing referee analysis capabi li -
ties to the Regions and program office. The program includes sample analysis for
enforcement and the analyses of complex samples. Support is being provided to
the Office of Water Programs Enforcement in the form of case preparation using
state-of-the-art equipment and scientific expertise. Field monitoring capabilities
including geophysical monitoring is being provided to all media.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $2,085,500 and 10.4 workyears for
this program, all of which was funded under the Hazardous Substances Response Trust
Fund.
Provide Techniques and Procedures for Site and Situation Assessment. The
quality assurance program was expanded to meet the needs of 32 laboratories in the
National Contract Laboratory Program. The first edition of a "Compendium of
Sampling Methods" including guidelines on response to emergencies was completed.
A sampling quality assurance program was initiated. Aerial photography was used
to characterize more than 700 sites.
Support Reportable Quantities Regulatory Efforts. The fi rst draft of a com-
pendium of monitoring methods for reportable quantities was completed.
Provide Technical Support to Enforcement, Program and Regional Offices.
Support was provided in the form of special studies on air, surface and ground
water, and oversight of a laboratory for the analysis of complex field samples.
ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $6,291,400 supported by 31.3 total workyears
for this program, all of which is funded under the Hazardous Substances Response
Trust Fund. The increase of $2,625,100 and 9.8 total workyears reflects the
SF-15
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requirements for additional engineering support by the Office of Emergency and Re-
medial Response (OERR). Implementation experience at sites has indicated a need
for increased engineering support in the evaluation of technologies and technical
support for OERR and the Office of Waste Programs Enforcement.
Provide Techniques and Procedures for Site and Situation Assessment. Engi-
neeri ng expertise will be applied to the assessment of hazardous waste site situa-
tions including hydrology, geology, and soil characteristics so as to assist
regional office Superfund staff, EPA zone contractors, and State Superfund offices
i n the development of corrective measure options. Those groups associated with
Superfund require assistance in feasibility studies and remedial action development.
ORD staff will serve on a technical advisory committee, review site assessment and
feasibility plans, and advise on remedial actions. Based on data collected by ORD
in surveys and technology evaluations, the latest information on the cost and
effectiveness of remedial action technologies can be applied to the specific sites.
In addition, criteria for conducting site assessment and feasibility studies lead-
ing to the data required to make remedial action decisions will be prepared.
Evaluate Technologies to Manage Uncontrolled Waste Sites. Evaluations of
response technology to support emergency action at hazardous materials spills and
newly di scovered releases of hazardous materials from uncontrolled waste sites
will be increased. Emphasis will to be placed.on field evaluation of prototypical
equipment such as the mobile incineration system, mobile soils washing system and
the mobile carbon regenerator for cost-effective multi-media removal actions at
uncontrolled sites. Efforts will also address the evaluation and demonstration of
innovative, commercially available equipment and technology, such as a modular
transportable incineration system. A scientifically defensible technology base
(including guidelines) will be prepared to provide response personnel direction
on the use of chemicals introduced into the environment to mitigate the effects of
hazardous releases.
Remedial technology activities will also be increased to address the engineer-
ing and technology needs of the program office and Regions relative to cleaning up
problems at uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Assessing the cost and technologi-
cal effectiveness of applied techniques will be an integral part of this effort.
A handbook on fugitive dust control at hazardous waste sites will be produced.
Fixation of contaminated soils will be demonstrated.
Provide Information on Personnel Health and Safety Equipment and Procedures.
As more sophisticated situations involving uncontrolled hazardous wastes sites are
addressed, there will be an increasing need to evaluate specialized equipment and
establish current state-of-the-art procedures to ensure personnel health and safety
during removal and cleanup operations. Emphasis will include manual s establishing
guidelines for contamination avoidance for response personnel and specialized
treatment equipment and the evaluation of equipment and techniques specific to the
safety requirements of response personnel.
Provide Technical Support to Enforcement, Program and Regional Offices. Timely
technical and scientific assistance, information, and analysis in support of removal
and remedial response activities involving multi-media pollution from uncontrolled
waste sites will be provided to program, regional, and State offices in the form of
on-site consultation, review of remedial investigation/feasibi lity studies, super-
vision of cleanup operations involving ORD equipment, analytical support, and
assistance in enforcement cases.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,666,300 and 21.5 total work-
years for this program, all of which is funded under the Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund.
SF-16
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Evaluate Technologies to Manage Uncontrolled Waste Sites. Major response
activitles include demonstration aria evaluation 57 prototypical equipment for
multi-media removal actions at hazardous material releases and uncontrolled hazard-
ous waste sites. Efforts are concentrating on full-scale testing of the mobile
incinerator, carbon regenerator, and soils washer and evaluation of the feasibility
of a modular transportable incineration system. Full-scale, controlled-condition
testing on the use of chemicals and additives introduced into the environment for
cleanup purposes is being initiated, and the previously developed computerized file
on removal action case histories is being expanded to include remedial action case
histories and documentation of feasibility study information to further assist in
cleanup deci sion-maki ng.
Major remedial activities include: review and evaluation of techniques which
are being used and have been used in the past to assess their cost-effectiveness;
field evaluations and verification of new remedial techniques which will become
part of technical handbooks for use by State and Federal agencies responsible for
site remedial actions; and field verification of a model to evaluate different
remedial action techniques on a site-specific basis.
Provide Information on Personnel Health. Protective Equipment and Procedures.
Thi s program is providing manuals on the testing of specialized safety equipment
and procedures for ensuring personnel safety during site reconnaissance and cleanup,
includi ng decontamination of equipment and personnel. Emphasis is on evaluation
and assessment of protective clothing and breathing apparatus, personal monitoring
for exposure, safety procedures for extended site operations and decontamination
techniques for specialized cleanup equipment used during emergency response
operations.
Provide Technical Support to Enforcement, Program, and Regional Offices. Quick
turnaround technical advice and consultation is being provided to regional offices,
OWPE and States. It involves review of designs for removal and remedial actions,
review of data submitted by liable parties, expert witness testimony at litigation
procedures, on-site consultation, analytical support, and technology transfer from
the research program to Agency users.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$55,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramnri ng. (-$55,000) This reprogramming transferred -$55,000 to the
Hazardous Substance - Office of Research and Development - Lab Support program from
this program to provide funds for Superfund-related lab support activities in the
Office of Research and Development.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,794,400 and 12.7 total workyears
for this program, all of which was funded under the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund.
Evaluate Technologies to Manage Uncontrolled Waste Sites. Major accomplish-
ments in the response area included completion of preliminary tests and trial
burns of the mobile incinerator, which was designed for field use in destroying
hazardous organic substances collected from cleanup operations. During 1983, a
system shakedown and performance testing of the mobile carbon regenerator was
completed in preparation for controlled condition testing and field evaluations.
A state-of-the-art report on drum handling practices at uncontrolled hazardous
waste sites was completed and submitted for external peer review in preparation
for publication. A literature search and laboratory study on candidate chemicals
for in situ detoxification of contaminated soils was also completed.
SF-17
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In the remedial area, a handbook for evaluating remedial action technology
was completed. An engineering evaluation and cost analysis of 23 major remedial
action efforts at uncontrolled hazardous waste sites was also completed.
Provide Information on Personnel Health, Protective Equipment and Procedures.
Activities supporting this objective were not initiated until the end of 1982 and
as a result, major outputs will not be available until 1984. However, projects
were initiated to modify and obtain NIOSH certification for a long-term, self-
contained chemical protective ensemble and evaluate the chemical permeation and
degradation resistance of a totally encapsulating protective outergarment for use
by response personnel.
Provide Technical Support to Enforcement, Program and Regional Offices.
Several direct technical support activities were completed for the Office of
Emergency and Remedial Response, Office of Waste Programs Enforcement, and the
Regions involving on-site consultation and analytical support, review of remedial
action investigation/feasibility studies, and support of enforcement cases. A
technology transfer workshop was held involving the program office, contractors,
regional offices, and the Corps of Engineers.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROCESSES AND EFFECTS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $163,600 supported by 3.1 total workyears for
this program, all of which is funded under the Hazardous Substances Response Trust
Fund. This is a decrease of $345,900 and reflects completion of a set of site and
situation assessment technical manuals.
Provide Technical Support to Enforcement, Program and Regional Offices. Tech-
nical support will be provided in response to specific requests from program and
regional offices. Technical support services include: groundwater sampling,
analyses, and contaminant plume tracking; and bioassessments of soil and water
samples from Superfund sites. Other technical support includes: input to negotiated
closure plans, expert witness testimony, and site-specific consultations.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $509,500 and 3.1 total workyears
to this program, all of which is funded under the Hazardous Substances Response
Trust Fund.
Provide Techniques and Procedures for Site and Situation Assessment. Major
activities are being conducted in the fol 1 owi ng areas. At the request of the
Office of Emergency and Remedial Response, drafts of technical documents are being
expanded for inclusion into a comprehensive Remedial Investigation Guidance Manual.
Preparation of two guidance documents are being initiated: a) a field guide for
biological sampling at Superfund sites; and b) a document detailing how to apply
environmental criteria to action decisions. These documents were recently cited
as priority needs by State and regional personnel. Samples from Superfund sites
are being analyzed using biological assessment procedures.
Provide Technical Support to Enforcement, Program and Regional Offices. Tech-
nical support in the areas of groundwater contamination sampling, groundwater well
construction and contaminant plume tracking is being provided. Other technical
support services include input to negotiated closure plans, legal testimony and
consultations.
1984 Explanation of Change from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
SF-18
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983 the Agency obligated a total of $162,200 and 1.5 total workyears for
this program, all of which was funded under the Hazardous Substance Response Trust
Fund
Provide Techniques and Procedures for Site and Situation Assessment. In 1983,
the f ol 1 owl ng document s were published: an EPA Guide for i denti f yi ng clean up
alternatives at hazardous waste sites and spills; a manual addressing the ecologi-
cal effects of cleanup options; and a handbook for predicting groundwater contam-
i nant transport.
Provide Technical Support to Enforcement, Program and Regional Offices. Duri ng
1983, technical experti se associated with groundwater contamination and other pro-
blem areas was provided at the following Superfund Sites: Chem Dyne, Ohio; Criner,
Oklahoma; Love Canal, New York; Taylor Road, Florida; Kin-Buc, New Jesey; Olim
Corp., Georgia; Hyde Park, New York.
SF-19
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Enforcement
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
SUPERFUND
ENFORCEMENT
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement SF-21
Hazardous Substance Technical Support - Office of Enforcement
& Compliance Monitoring SF-24
Hazardous Substance Technical Enforcement SF-24
Hazardous Substance Legal Enforcement SF-26
SF-20
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PROGRAM
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL
REQUEST
1984
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
i
ro
Hazardous Substance
Technical Support -
Office of Enforcement
& Compliance Monitoring
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substance
Technical Enforcement
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substance
Legal Enforcement
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substance
Response-Enforcement
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
$3,252.1 $964.5 $3,744.5 $3,744.5
$3,252.1 $964.5 $3,744.5 $3,744.5
$5,268.8
$5,268.8
$1,524.3
$1,524.3
$11,628.5 $17,512.8 $21,393.2 $21,393.2 $1,296.9 $36,549.7 $15,156.5
$11,628.5 $17,512.8 $21,393.2 $21,393.2 $1,296.9 $36,549.7 $15,156.5
$2,838.9 $3,628.7 $4,535.1 $4,565.3
$2,838.9 $3,628.7 $4,535.1 $4,565.3
$7,106.1
$7,106.1
$2,540.8
$2,540.8
$17,719.5 $22,106.0 $29,672.8 $29,703.0 $1,296.9 $48,924.6 $19,221.6
TOTAL $17,719.5 $22,106.0 $29,672.8 $29,703.0 $1,296.9 $48,924.6 $19,221.6
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response - Enforcement
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
i
ro
Hazardous Substance
Technical Support -
Office of Enforcement
& Compliance Monitoring
Hazardous Substance
Technical Enforcement
Hazardous Substance
Legal Enforcement
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
27.8
12.0
61.5 73.9
21.0
103.0 120.6 171.9
85.7
21.0
171.9
85.7
34.5
13.5
24.0 303.9 132.0
132.3 46.6
192.3 206.5 278.6 278.6 24.0 470.7 192.1
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Hazardous Substance
Technical Support -
Office of Enforcement
& Compliance Monitoring
Hazardous Substance
Technical Enforcement
Hazardous Substance
Legal Enforcement
30.2
116.3
14.0
24.0
140.0 195.9
24.0
195.9
68.3 82.5 95.5 95.5
34.5 10.5
24.0 334.5 138.6
139.4 43.9
TOTAL WORKYEARS
214.8 236.5 315.4 315.4
24.0
508.4 193.0
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response-Enforcement
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $48,924,600 supported by 508.4 total work-
years for 1985 from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation
for technical, administrative, and legal enforcement activities. This represents
an Increase of $19,221,600 and 193.0 workyears from 1984. The Increase reflects
additional efforts to secure privately-financed response to releases of hazardous
substances. It will also support an increased level of cost recovery actions,
thereby conserving the Trust Fund for use at future sites and spills.
Program Description
The Hazardous Substance Response Enforcement program includes the administra-
tive and legal enforcement activities authorized under the Comprehensive Environ-
mental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). In the event a release
or threat of a release presents an imminent or substantial endangerment to public
health or the environment, the Agency may order responsible parties to take abate-
ment action by issuing a CERCLA Section 106 Administrative Order. Noncompliance
with such orders can result in the Agency seeking fines and/or treble damage penal-
ties against the party. Civil judicial actions also may be initiated to compel
response action. CERCLA Section 107 authorizes the Agency to recover the cost of
Federally-financed response actions from responsible parties. Criminal actions
may be Initiated for failure to notify authorities of releases as required under
CERCLA Section 103.
The enforcement program provides the legal and technical support for negotia-
tions for privately-financed response, development and execution of Section 106
Administrative Orders, and initiation of civil, criminal, and cost recovery cases
for referral to the Department of Justice. The program also provides legal and
technical support of ongoing cases filed by the Department of Justice on behalf of
the Agency and reviews and comments on State-lead enforcement actions.
Hazardous Substance Technical Support - Office of Enforcement and Compliance
Monitoring -- This program supports the Superfund activities of the National En-
forcement Investigations Center (NEIC). The NEIC provides specialized support
for high priority enforcement cases including specialized assistance in case
preparation, field investigations, laboratory analysis Including high hazard sam-
ples, and preparation of technical testimony. The NEIC also provides specialized
assistance for State-lead enforcement activities.
Hazardous Substance Technical Enforcement This program develops the tech-
nical documentation for the Superfund enforcement program and initiates administra-
tive enforcement actions. The activities include identifying responsible parties
and performing site assessments to document the extent of the threat and the pre-
ferred remedy. Also included is technical support for: up-front negotiations with
private parties, cases referred to and litigated by the Department of Justice
including new and existing civil cases to compel cleanup, cases to recover Trust
Fund costs, and criminal cases. Technical support is also provided for State-lead
enforcement actions. The program also initiates and manages CERCH Section 106
Administrative Orders.
Hazardous Substance Legal Enforcement This program provides the legal staff for
the Superfund enforcement program. The activities include developing the legal
documentation necessary to obtain privately-financed response, providing legal
support for issuing administrative orders, and negotiating private party cleanup.
The program also participates with the Department of Justice in negotiating con-
sent decrees, conducting civil and criminal litigation, and litigating to recover
costs paid from the Trust Fund.
SF-23
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SUPPORT- fl^ICE OF ENFORCEMENT
- _
AND COMPLIANCE MONITORING
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of S5, 268, 800 supported by 34.5 total workyears
for this program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation.
This represents an increase of $1,524,300 and 10.5 workyears from 1984. The
increase reflects the National Enforcement Investigations Center's (NEIC) efforts
in providing specialized technical support for civil and criminal litigation.
In 1985, this program will provide specialized technical support to nationally
managed cases that require unusually complex or sophisticated technical capabili-
ties. This program will supplement Regional and State staff in those cases that
are technically difficult, and will fully support precedent -setting criminal cases.
Responsibilities will include providing technical consultation and assistance in
case preparation activities including high hazard laboratory procedures, conducting
field investigations in support of case development efforts, laboratory analysis
in support of all media, including groundwater sample analysis, evidence evalua-
tion, report preparation, technical testimony, and negotiation of technical aspects
of key consent decrees. Contract funds will provide for a continuation of the evi-
dence audit quality control function. This program will also support remedial in-
vestigations and cleanup related to d-ioxin and associated pesticide derivatives.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of S3, 744, 500 and 24.0 total work-
years to this program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropria-
tion. Specialized technical capabilities are made available to Regional enforce-
ment programs and State agencies for site entry procedures. The program also
prepares and analyzes high hazard samples and provides a wide range of specialized
analytical procedures, quality control, and evidence security procedures. The
NEIC assists the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and Regional investigative
staffs in criminal investigations of hazardous waste disposal practices by training
FBI personnel in EPA technical evidence gathering procedures. Evidence audit
control processes are continued in 1984 to ensure that proper chain-of -custody
procedures are followed to support the field investigation team contract.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $3,252,100 and 30.2 total workyears
for this program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation.
This program provided technical consultation and assistance in litigation prepar-
ation by performing laboratory analyses, data evaluation, technical testimony, and
negotiation of technical aspects of consent decrees. It also developed high hazard
laboratory procedures, investigative protocols, and provided technical support in
the review of Agency regulations.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE TECHNICAL ENFORCEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of 536,549,700 supported by 334.5 total work-
years from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for this
progran. This reflects an increase of $15, 156, 500 and 138.6 total workyears to
expand efforts to secure privately-financed response action at National Priorities
SF-24
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List (NPL) and other priority sites including dioxin sites. This increase will
also enable the agency to initiate and continue cost recovery in all cases where
it is cost-effective and there is a financially viable party.
In 1985, the Agency will focus its enforcement efforts on those sites where
plans have identified those National Priorities List (NPL) sites where negotiations
are most likely to result in privately-financed cleanup. The Agency will conduct
a detailed site analysis at 46 sites to support these negotiations. Funding for
these investigations is provided under the Hazardous Spill and Site Response pro-
gram, but will be managed under the enforcement program. These studies will
streamline the enforcement process by providing private parties an "up-front"
understanding of what the Agency wants them to do and will enable the Agency to
proceed immediately with Fund-financed response if negotiations fail. The Agency
expects to reach settlement with responsible parties at 15 sites in 1985 under
this program.
In addition to targeting negotiations, the Agency will also focus on initiat-
ing Administrative and Federal action to compel private party response at appropri-
ate sites or where Fund-financed response can not be undertaken. In 1985, the
Agency will provide technical support for the development of 11 new cases for
referral to the Department of Justice and will provide continued support for 77
ongoing cases.
Technical documentation for the issuance of Administrative Orders and en-
forcement of those orders will be provided to support efforts to compel privately-
financed cleanup and to recover the cost of Fund-financed cleanup.
The Agency will seek recovery of Trust Fund costs from financially viable
responsible parties as authorized under CERCLA Section 107. Efforts to recover
Trust Fund costs for removal and remedial actions will increase in 1985. The
Agency will begin to shift emphasis in 1985 from recovery of funds expended for
removal activities to recovery of remedial funds as sites are completed. This
shift will enable the Agency to recover significantly larger amounts during 1985
and beyond as the more expensive remedial actions are completed. The Agency ex-
pects to refer 48 cost recovery actions to the Department of Justice.
Contract efforts to meet the stringent technical requirements essential for
successful negotiations include responsible party searches and determinations of
financial viability, review of defendents proposed plans for response action, and
conduct of evidence audits. Effective management of these activities will require
close coordination with response and legal enforcement personnel to plan Federal
response and to provide the broadest possible base of technical information to
support enforcement actions.
1984 Supplemental Request
The Agency requests an additional $1,296,900 supported by 24.0 additional
workyears over the enacted level from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund
appropriation in 1984.
In 1983, the Agency simplified its enforcement procedures by requiring that a
detailed site assessment be concluded prior to initiation of enforcement actions.
This provides the Agency with a firm technical basis for negotiations, enables
responsible parties to understand "up front" what is expected, and allows EPA to
proceed rapidly with remedial construction if negotiations fail.
In 1983, enforcement investigations were initiated at 30 sites. To maintain
the momentum gained under this program and the response program, the Agency will
initiate 15 investigations in addition to the 25 originally planned to support en-
forcement efforts in 1984. The workyears requested are needed to adequately manage
these additional sites. Contract funds are requested separately under the Hazar-
dous Spill and Site Response program.
SF-25
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1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $21,393,200 and 19B.9 total
workyears from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for this
program. These resources support continuing enforcement actions at sites on the
National Priorities List (NPL) and other priority sites, including dioxin sites,
and cost recovery efforts where Federal funds have been expended.
In 1984, the Agency expects to reach settlements with responsible parties at
11 sites. The Agency is initiating studies to develop .potential solutions at 25
sites to facilitate negotiations with responsible parties and is issuing CERCLA
Section 106 Adminstrative Orders, monitoring compliance with orders, and providing
technical support for the litigation necessary to enforce them. The Agency is
supporting the development of 8 new civil cases to compel private party response
and an estimated 55 ongoing civil actions already filed by the Department of
Justice on behalf of the Agency. The Agency is increasing its efforts to recover
Trust Fund costs for removal and remedial actions at approximately 34 sites or
spills.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $11,628,500 and 116.3 total workyears
from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for this program.
These resources supported the effort necessary to begin enforcement at sites on
the expanded National Priorities List (NPL) and to initiate cost recovery where
Federal funds were expended.
The Agency developed technical enforcement policies and managed a nationally
consistent program to secure privately-financed response actions at National Prior-
ities List (NPL) sites. The Agency identified responsible parties, initiated
appropriate administrative actions, and supported legal actions. In 1983, the
Agency reached settlements at 27 sites for privately-financed response action
valued at approximately $92,000,000. The Agency issued 26 CERCLA Section 106
Administrative Orders to abate imminent hazards, monitored compliance with such
orders, and provided technical support for any litigation that was necessary to
enforce them. The Agency provided technical enforcement support for 48 ongoing
cases and developed 4 new civil enforcement actions.
The Agency initiated cost recovery actions against viable responsible parties
at sites where Federally-financed removal action had been undertaken. Demand
letters were issued to responsible parties and negotiations were conducted to
recover costs. Technical support was provided for the development of 17 cost
recovery and 9 criminal cases for referral to the Department of Justice.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LEGAL ENFORCEMENT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $7,106,100 supported by 139.4 total workyears
from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for this program.
This represents an increase of $2,540,800 and an increase of 43.9 total workyears
from 1984. This increase in total workyears reflects the Agency's increased enforce-
ment efforts. In 1985, Headquarters will pursue a consistent and fair legal approach
through the implementation of its enforcement policies. Specifically, the Agency
will ensure consistency in negotiated settlements and in decisions related to the
initiation and conduct of civil actions.
SF-26
-------
Legal enforcement efforts in 1985 will focus on providing support for the devel-
opment of 11 cases to compel privately-financed cleanup. Cases will be initiated
at those sites where the Fund can not be used or in other instances when appro-
priate, such as when a precedent-setting issue is involved. The Agency will also
continue to provide legal support for the 77 ongoing cases which have been referred
to the Department of Justice. These complex precedent-setting cases are taking
longer to conclude than originally anticipated. Where appropriate, legal support
will be provided for the development and issuance of Administrative Orders, and to
ensure compliance with these orders.
The Agency will also expand its support for the development of cases to re-
cover Trust Fund monies. In 1985, efforts will focus on the initiation of re-
covery actions at 48 sites or spills. Emphasis will shift from the recovery of
removal costs to the more complex recoveries of remedial costs reflecting the
progress of the Hazardous Substance Response program.
In addition, this program will support the Agency's dioxin strategy by
participating in the identification of and negotiations with responsible parties
for cleanup of dioxin at production and disposal facilities identified as posing
a significant threat to public health.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $4,565,300 and 95.5 total workyears for
this program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation.
Agency efforts focus on providing the necessary legal support in negotiations
with responsible parties for privately-financed response actions and for recovery
of Federal expenditures from responsible parties.
The Agency is providing support to the Department of Justice for ongoing
civil actions and prepares new civil cases to compel private party response and to
recover Federal funds expended in site cleanup. Criminal cases are developed as
appropriate. Legal support and documentation is provided in the development and
execution of negotiated settlements, Administrative Orders, and enforcement of
Administrative Orders and consent decrees as required.
In 1984, Headquarters is completing initial development of enforcement policies
to ensure a fair and consistent approach in pursuing enforcement actions, including
developing, with the NEIC, guidelines for judicially admissible evidence and docu-
mentation required to establish the liability of responsible parties.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$30,200 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (+$30,200) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net increase of +$30,200.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $2,838,900 and 68.3 total workyears from the
Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation.
In 1983, the Agency referred 21 new civil cases and 9 criminal cases to the
Department of Justice. This includes 4 new cases to compel private party response
and 17 new cases for cost recovery. Legal support was provided for the active
civil case docket of 48 cases and 9 criminal cases.
SF-27
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Management and
Support
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
SUPERFUND SF-1
MANAGEMENT & SUPPORT
Management & Support SF-29
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Headquarters SF-36
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Regions SF-36
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management - Headquarters.... SF-37
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management - Regions SF-38
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Headquarters SF-39
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Regions SF-39
Hazardous Substance Computer Services SF-40
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Headquarters SF-40
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Regions SF-41
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Inspector General SF-42
Hazardous Substance - Office of Policy, Planning & Evaluation... SF-43
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Comptroller SF-43
Hazardous Substance - Office of Research & Development -
Lab Support SF-44
SF-28
-------
SUPERFUND
Management and Support
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
ro
ID
Hazardous Substance
Financial Management -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substance
Administrative
Management -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substance
Administrative
Management - Regions
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance
Financial Management -
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
$143.4
$143.4
$167.2
$167.2
TOTAL
TOTAL
$184.5
$184.5
$564.9
$564.9
$364.4
$364.4
$564.9
$564.9
$518.5
$518.5
$564.9
$564.9
$518.5
$518.5
$389.5
$389.5
$641.0
$641.0
$2,394.5 $2,636.3 $3,094.8 $3,094.8 $379.0
$2,394.5 $2,636.3 $3,094.8 $3,094.8 $379.0
$401.0
$401.0
$414.1
$414.1
$414.1
$414.1
$3,351.1
$3,351.1
$619.0
$619.0
-$175.4
-$175.4
$122.5
$122.5
$256.3
$256.3
$204.9
$204.9
-------
SUPERFUND
Management and Support
to
o
ACTUAL
1983
BUDGET
ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL
REQUEST
1984
ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1985 DECREASE -
1985 VS 1984
Hazardous Substance
Support Services -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substance
Support Services -
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substance
Computer Services
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services - Regions
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$4,025.0 $4,601.8 $6,036.4 $6,036.4
$4,025.0 $4,601.8 $6,036.4 $6,036.4
$1,527.0 $1,371.3 $2,088.0 $2,088.0
$1,527.0 $1,371.3 $2,088.0 $2,088.0
$516.5 $1,480.0 $1,480.0 $1,480.0
$516.5 $1,480.0 $1,480.0 $1,480.0
$83.7
$83.7
$215.4
$215.4
$243.5
$243.5
$397.1
$397.1
$243.5
$243.5
$476.1
$476.1
$243.5
$243.5
$470.9
$470.9
$621.5 $9,719.2 $3,682.8
$621.5 $9,719.2 $3,682.8
$400.0 $3,839.0 $1,751.0
$400.0 $3,839.0 $1,751.0
$1,000.0
$1,000.0
$250.1
$250.1
$691.7
$691.7
-$480.0
-$480.0
$6.6
$6.6
$220.8
$220.8
-------
Hazardous Substance -
Office of the Inspector
General
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance -
Office of Policy,
Planning & Evaluation
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance -
Office of the Comptroller
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance -
Office of Research &
Development - Lab Support
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
Hazardous Substance -
Planning & Evaluation
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
SUPERFUND
Management and Support
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$1,289.7 $2,570.2 $3,070.2 $3,070.2
$1,289.7 $2,570.2 $3,070.2 $3,070.2
$683.6
$683.6
$100.4
$100.4
$54.4
$54.4
$10.8
$10.8
1,224.0
1,224.0
$832.4
$832.4
$391.6
$391.6
$832.4
$832.4
$391.6
$391.6
$55.0
$55.0
$3,109.6
$3,109.6
$637.7
$637.7
$202.6
$202.6
$100.0
$100.0
$39.4
$39.4
-$194.7
-$194.7
-$189.0
-$189.0
$45.0
$45.0
-------
01
ro
SUPERFUND
Management and Support
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund $11,396.1 $15,854.5 $19,210.5 $19,260.3 $1,400.5 $24,550.5 $5,290.2
Management & Support TOTAL $11,396.1 $15,854.5 $19,210.5 $19,260.3 $1,400.5 $24,550.5 $5,290.2
PERMANENT WORKYEARS
Hazardous Substance 1.9 4.4 4.4 4.4 6.0 1.6
Financial Management -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance 4.9 9.2 15.6 15.6 18.4 2.8
Financial Management -
Regions
Hazardous Substance 23.8 25.3 35.0 35.0 5.0 40.0 5.0
Administrative
Management -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance 5.9 10.0 10.0 10.0 19.0 9.0
Administrative
Management - Regions
Hazardous Substance 1.6 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Legal Services -
Headquarters
-------
I
CO
CO
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services - Regions
Hazardous Substance -
Office of the Inspector
General
Hazardous Substance -
Office of Policy,
Planning & Evaluation
Hazardous Substance -
Office of the
Comptroller
TOTAL PERMANENT WORKYEARS
SUPERFUND
Management and Support
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
4.3 10.0 10.0 10.0
19.9 19.8 28.8 28.8
1.1 7.0 4.0 4.0
2.5 3.0 3.0
65.9 90.7 115.8 115.8
14.3
29.8
4.3
1.0
3.0 -1.0
4.0 1.0
5.0 139.5 23.7
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Hazardous Substance
Financial Management
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Financial Management
Regions
Hazardous Substance
Administrative
Management -
Headquarters
1.9 4.4
4.4 4.4
5.3 10.0 17.6 17.6
26.8 28.7 39.5 39.5
6.9 2.5
20.4 2.8
5.0 44.5 5.0
-------
Office of the Inspector
General
Hazardous Substance
Office of Policy,
Planning & Evaluation
Hazardous Substance -
Office of the Comptroller
SUPERFUND
Management and Support
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
Hazardous Substance
Administrative
Management - Regions
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services -
Headquarters
Hazardous Substance
Legal Services - Regions
Hazardous Substance -
(DOLLARS
6.1 10.0
1.7 5.0
5.6 10.0
19.9 19.8
IN THOUSANDS)
10.0 10.0 19.0 9.0
5.0 5.0 5.0
10.0 10.0 14.3 4.;
29.8 29.8 29.8
2.1
3.3
9.0
4.0
5.0
4.0
5.0
4.0
5.0
TOTAL WORKYEARS
72.7 96.9 125.3 125.3
5.0 148.9 23.6
-------
SUPERFIJND
Management and Support
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $24,550,500 supported by 148.9 total workyears
from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for Management and
Support activities in 1985. This represents an increase of $5,290,200 and 23.6
total workyears from 1984.
Program Description
This function provides the full array of financial, administrative, and sup-
port services necessary to manage and implement the Superfund program.
Hazardous Substance Financial Management - Headquarters and Regions This
component containstwoprogramelementswhichmaintainfinancial records, and
track and report on the use of the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund.
Hazardous Substance Administrative Management - Headquarters and Regions
These program elements provide resources to fund the Superfund administrative
services necessary to award and administer contracts, process personnel actions,
provide central management and technical support for Superfund information systems,
acquire and maintain Superfund office and laboratory services, and provide tech-
nical assistance and training for the Superfund program staff to assure the
safety of those employees.
Hazardous Substance Support Services - Headquarters and Regions This com-
ponent contains two program elements which cover the costs of space, utilities,
printing, equipment, and other nonpersonnel support needs that are allocable to
the Superfund appropriation.
Hazardous Substance Computer Services This program element funds the data
processing (timesharing)costsof operating and maintaining all Superfund inform-
ation systems.
Hazardous Substance Legal Services - Headquarters and Regions These program
elements fund the activities of the Office of the General Counsel (OGC) and the
Offices of the Regional Counsels under Superfund. These activities include statu-
tory interpretations of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation,
and Liability Act (CERCLA), and the issuance of opinions and advice regarding the
use of the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund and other financial, administra-
tive, or legal issues. In addition, OGC acts as the Agency's chief counsel in
defending regulatory and other Agency decisions regarding the implementation of
CERCLA. The Offices of the Regional Counsels advise and assist the Regions and
States in interpreting the Act and represent Regions in defensive litigation activ-
ities.
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Inspector General This program element
provides appropriate auditing of the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund, as
well as pre-award, interim, and final audits of contracts awarded under the Super-
fund program, and audits of Cooperative Agreements with the States.
Hazardous Substance - Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation This pro-
gram element provides policy analysis, program evaluation, management assessments,
and technical support and analysis under-the Superfund program.
SF-35
-------
Hazardous Substance - Office of the Comptroller This program element funds
the activities of the Office of the Comptroller under Superfund. These activities
include budget development and oversight, response to OMB and Congressional inquir-
ies, analysis of program operating plans, issuance of allowances, and resource an-
alyses on critical issues pertaining to the utilization of Superfund monies.
Hazardous Substance - Office of Research and Development - Lab Support This
program element provides the essential laboratory support services required to oper-
ate and maintain the Office of Research and Development's Superfund program in three
remote laboratories across the country. These support services include facilities
operation and maintenance, utilities and equipment operations, rental costs, and
other nonpersonnel laboratory support needs that are allocable to the Superfund
appropriation.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $389,500 supported by 6.9 total workyears for this program
from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation, an increase of 2.5
workyears and a decrease of $175,400. The reduction in dollars reflects less
dependence on contractor support while the increased workyears will provide for
enhanced accounting and financial controls, as well as the full array of standard
financial services for an expanding Superfund program. These financial services
include basic accounting and payroll support, processing all financial actions
and vouchers, access to the Financial Management System, cash management controls,
and site-specific accounting to support cost recoveries.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $564,900 and 4.4 total workyears for this
program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. These
resources adequately fund all necessary day-to-day financial activities and overall
guidance and coordination of the Regional finance operations associated with the
Superfund program.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $143,400 and 1.9 total workyears for this pro-
gram from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation to provide
sound fiscal controls and assure the financial integrity of the Superfund program.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $641,000 supported by 20.4 total workyears for this pro-
gram from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation, an increase
of $122,500 and 2.8 workyears. This increase will enable the Agency to continue
to meet the requirements for sound financial management and fund control in the
Superfund program as the level of field activity increases. The activities in
this program will parallel those described for the Agency's Regional Financial
Management program in the Management and Support media. However, financial manage-
ment for the Superfund program is distinguished by the unique nature of the program's
site and spill response actions, financial recovery actions, and site-specific
SF-36
-------
accounting. These resources will ensure appropriate financial documentation is
maintained for the collection of monies due the Fund for Federal response recoveries.
In addition, these resources will support transaction processing (travel, payroll,
vouchers), general ledger activities, imprest fund services, financial reporting,
and policy guidance and coordination to Superfund program offices throughout the
country.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating $518,500 and 17.6 total workyears for this program
from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. These resources
support the expanding Superfund program and meet the increasing demands for sound
financial management and fund control. Among the responsibilities of the Regional
finance offices are: providing timely and accurate financial reports; maintaining
internal controls to ensure the fiscal integrity of the Fund; billing and collect-
ing monies due the Fund for Federal response recovery actions; coordinating finan-
cial data from other Federal agencies; and providing accurate and auditable docu-
ment support for all Superfund financial transactions.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $167,200 and 5.3 total workyears for this pro-
gram from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. The Regional
finance offices provided the full range of financial management activities described
above.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT - HEADQUARTERS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $3,351,100 supported by 44.5 total workyears for this pro-
gram from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation, an increase of
$256,300 and 5.0 workyears over the 1984 enacted level. This increase in resources
reflects the need to manage and monitor the increased level of contractor effort.
This request provides centralized administrative services in the contracts,
grants, information management, health and safety, and personnel areas. In addi-
tion to the increased administrative management and support needed to implement
long-term contracts, Superfund contracts require special and routine monitoring,
task order issuances, and subcontract approvals. The Grants Administration Divi-
sion will continue to award and administer Superfund cooperative and interagency
agreements. The Superfund Information Systems staff will continue to manage auto-
mated Superfund systems while emphasizing the integration of new systems with
existing Agency systems and data bases. The Occupational Health and Safety staff
will develop and certify training courses, work with the National Institute of
Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the U.S. Coast Guard on inter-
agency safety task forces, and implement specialized medical monitoring programs.
The Headquarters Superfund personnel team will provide staffing and classification
activities to service Superfund personnel.
1984 Supplemental Request
The Agency requests a total of $379,000 supported by 5.0 total workyears for
this program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. These
resources support expanding Superfund contracting efforts and provide proper man-
agement of the large multi-task contracts characteristic of'the Superfund program.
SF-37
-------
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating $3,094,800 and 39.5 total workyears for this program
from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation to provide central-
ized administrative and management services. In 1984, the Agency is maintaining
and refining the administrative services initiated in 1983. Significant resources
are being devoted to manage the contracts awarded in 1983 and to award new 1984
contracts. In addition, the Agency is implementing and refining health and safety
standards and procedures and is continuing to support the Superfunrl program in the
areas of information management and personnel services.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $2,394,500 and 26.fi total workyears for this
program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. With
these resources, the Agency awarded and administered the large mission contracts
required to carry out response and remedial activities; provided central technical
support for developing, operating, and maintaining all automated Superfund inform-
ation systems; and maintained and supported the personnel requirements of the pro-
gram staff.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT - REGIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $619,000 supported by 19.0 total workyears for this pro-
gram from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation, an increase
of $204,900 and 9.0 workyears. This request will provide efficient administrative
services for an expanding Regional program by providing overall management of Super-
fund Regional procurement activities, coordinating efforts with the Headquarters
Procurement and Contracts Division, and interpreting and disseminating information
reporting requirements among various Regional offices and other Federal and State
agencies. In addition, the Regions will provide a reliable health and safety pro-
gram which protects the safety of the Agency's employees. These resources will
also allow Regional automated data processing offices to provide adequate technical
assistance to support the site-specific record keeping requirements of the Super-
fund program.
1984 Program
The Agency is allocating $414,100 and 10.0 total workyears for this program
from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. These resources
enable the Regions to provide current administrative management services, to manage
Superfund Regional procurement activities and coordinate efforts with the Head-
quarters Procurement and Contracts Division, and to interpret and disseminate Super-
fund specific information and reporting requirements among various Regional offices
and other Federal and State agencies.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishinents
In 1983, the Agency obligated $184,500 and 6.1 total workyears for this pro-
gram from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. These re-
sources enabled the Regional Superfund program to meet growing demands in the areas
of contracting and purchasing, information management, and occupational health and
safety.
SF-38
-------
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE SUPPORT SERVICES - HEADQUARTERS
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests $9,719,200 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation to cover Headquarters and Agencywide nonpersonnel support
costs allocable to the Superfund program. This is an increase of $3,682,800 over
the 1984 enacted level which reflects both increasing costs in the support areas
and an increase of the Agency's support costs that are allocable to the Superfund
appropriation. As with Regional Superfund support, the amount requested in this
program element is determined primarily on the basis of the ratio of Superfund
workyears to total Agency workyears. As this ratio increases, so does the Super-
fund program's share of total Agency support costs.
This program element provides resources for Superfund's share of the Agency's
facilities rental, Federal Telecommunications System, utilities, local telephone
service, printing and copying, postage, other building and office services, and
health and safety training.
1984 Supplemental Request
The Agency requests a total of $621,500 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation for Headquarters and Agencywide Superfund support needs.
This covers additional facilities rental, Federal Telecommunications System, utili-
ties and other office, building and information management, service costs to be
incurred by additional Superfund workyears.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $6,036,400 from the Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund appropriation for Headquarters and Agenc.ywide Superfund support
needs. The increase over 1983 reflects expanded Superfund activity and an increase
in the portion of total support costs that are allocable to the Superfund appropri-
ation.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishment
In 1983, the Agency obligated $4,025,000 from the Hazardous Substance Re-
sponse Trust Fund appropriation for the Superfund program portion of the Agency's
space rental, communications, utilities, and other office and building service
costs.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE SUPPORT SERVICES - REGIONS
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $3,839,000 from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust
Fund appropriation to cover Regional Superfund nonpersonnel support costs such
as utilities, local telephone service, printing and copying, minicomputer oper-
ations, equipment maintenance, etc. This is an increase of $1,751,000 over the
1984 enacted level, reflecting increased costs to support the additional work-
years provided to the Superfund program in 1985. As with Headquarters Superfund
support, the amount requested in this program element is determined primarily
on the basis of the ratio of Regional Superfund workyears to total Regional work-
years. As this ratio increases, so does the Superfund program's share of total
Regional support costs. A full description of the functions funded from this
program element is contained in the Regional Support Services program element in
the Management and Support media.
SF-39
-------
1984 Supplemental Request
The Agency requests a total of $400,000 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation for Regional Superfund support needs. This covers addit-
ional office, building and information management service costs to be incurred by
additional Regional Superfund workyears.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $2,088,000 from the Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund appropriation to fund Regional Superfund support costs. The
increase over 1983 reflects expanded Regional Superfund activity and an increased
portion of total Regional support costs that are allocable to the Superfund appro-
priation.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $1,527,000 for this program from the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for Regional rent, communications and
other nonpersonnel costs associated with Superfund in the Regions.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE COMPUTER SERVICES
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests $1,000,000 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation to provide timeshare services to the Superfund program
through our National Computer Center at Research Triangle Park. The reduction of
$480,000 reflects a decrease in systems development and testing efforts. Based on
spending patterns and program plans, these resources will adequately cover the
timeshare needs of existing Superfund management information systems and support
the integration of Superfund information systems with other related Agency systems
and data bases.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $1,480,000 for this program from the Hazar-
dous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation to fund the direct timeshare
charges attributable to Superfund systems, including a portion of the Agencywide
computer facility management contracts, rental of hardware and software, and main-
tenance and operational costs.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $516,500 for this program from the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation to provide timeshare services to the
Superfund program.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LEGAL SERVICES - HEADQUARTERS
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests $250,100 supported by 5.0 total workyears for
this program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation, an
SF-40
-------
increase of $6,600. These resources will enable the Office of General Counsel to
provide continued support to the Superfund program through advice and assistance
to Agency Superfund managers. This includes consultation on financial and admini-
strative matters, legal support for the development and defense of regulations and
disbursement decisions, and legal guidance on statutory interpretations and develop-
ment of response priorities.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $243,500 and 5.0 total workyears for this
program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. The Office
of General Counsel is providing advice and consultation on financial and adminis-
trative matters, such as eligible uses of the Fund and other Agency appropri-
ations, staffing, and budget activities; legal guidance in program matters such
as interpretation of the statute and the National Contingency Plan; and defense of
the Agency in any litigation brought against it.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $83,700 and 1.7 total workyears for this pro-
gram from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. The Office
of General Counsel provided legal guidance in program matters such as statutory
interpretation and development of response priorities, review of proposed regula-
tory actions and defense of the Agency where litigation had been brought against
it.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE LEGAL SERVICES - REGIONS
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests $691,700 supported by 14.3 total workyears for
this program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. This
is an increase of $220,800 and 4.3 workyears to support anticipated Regional par-
ticipation in defensive litigation. The Offices of Regional Counsels will continue
to provide legal assistance by reviewing EPA Cooperative Agreements with States
for legal sufficiency, advise States to assure appropriate legal authorities to
qualify for participation in Fund-financed actions, respond to challenges to en-
forcement activities, determine eligible uses of the Fund, and advise on Federal
procurement and treatment of confidential information.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $470,900 and 10.0 total workyears for this
program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. The Re-
gional program includes such activities as reviewing EPA Cooperative Agreements
with States for legal sufficiency, assisting State agencies in assuring legal
authorities to qualify participation in Fund-financed actions, and responding to
legal challenges to Agency actions.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$5,200 results from the following action:
-Reprogramming. (-$5,200) A reprogramming was made to this activity which
was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This change
resulted in a net decrease of -$5,200.
SF-41
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $215,400 and 5.6 total workyears for this pro-
gram from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. The Offices
of Regional Counsels assisted the States on legal matters concerning Fund-financed
removal and remedial actions. This involved advising State agencies on the legal
requirements under CERCLA and assisting in drafting, negotiating and documenting
the terms of EPA Cooperative Agreements with States. In addition, the Regional
Counsels advised on legal problems associated with EPA removal and remedial activi-
ties.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE - OFFICE OF THE INSPECTOR GENERAL
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests "53,109,600 supported by 29.8 total workyears for
this program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation, an
increase of $39,400. This increase will enable the Office of the Inspector General
to perform internal audits to improve the economy, efficiency, and effectiveness
of the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund's management. For example, audits
assess the adequacy of Agency site cleanup efforts, Federal and State cost recovery
efforts, and Federal or State oversight of emergency response actions. Financial
audits of the Fund and external contracts and agreements will continue to be audi-
ted by public accounting firms under contract. These investigative resources will
enable the Office of the Inspector General to identify and eliminate situations
which create the opportunity for fraud and abuse.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $3,070,200 and 29.8 total workyears for
this program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. These
resources enable the Office of Inspector General to perform internal audits to
improve the economy, efficiency, and effectiveness of the Fund's management. Finan-
cial audits of the Fund and external contracts and agreements are being audited by
public accounting firms under contract. Investigative resources are supporting
the Office of the Inspector General's efforts to identify and eliminate situations
which create the opportunity for fraud and abuse.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $1,289,700 and 19.9 total workyears for this
program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. The obli-
gated amount included $172,000 for audits conducted by other Federal agencies and
$275,000 for audits conducted by independent public accounting firms. The Office
of the Inspector General completed its review and submitted to Congress the final
report on the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund on March 31, 1983.
During 1983, the Office of Inspector General issued 72 audit reports on the
Fund. Internal audit reports recommended the implementation of major changes to
the Agency's accounting system and procurement procedures to assure charges to the
Fund were appropriate and to help prevent excessive charges on emergency cleanup
contracts.
External audits questioned $16 million of the approximately $230 million
audited. Agency officials sustained the vast majority of costs questioned and
took prompt action to reduce the amount of awards and credits or to initiate neces-
sary recovery actions.
SF-42
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HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE - OFFICE OF POLICY. PLANNING AND EVALUATION
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $637,700 supported by 4.0 total workyears for this proqram
from the Hazardous Substances Response Trust Fund appropriation, a decrease of
$194,700. This reduction reflects a shift in emphasis from program implementation
and evaluation to technical support and analysis. This request will maintain the
workyears committed to policy direction and analysis in the Office of Policy Analy-
sis, technical support and analysis in the Office of Standards and Regulations, and
program evaluation in the Office of Management Systems and Evaluation. This will
ensure that Superfund policies meet Agencywide guidelines and are supported by
comprehensive economic and management analyses.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $832,400 and 4.0 total workyears for this
program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation.. The Offices
of Policy Analysis, Standards and Regulations, and Management Systems and Evalu-
ation are providing policy development, reviewing guidance for implementing regu-
lations, and conducting program evaluations of Superfund's management systems,
activities, and accomplishments.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplisments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $683,600 and 2.1 total workyears for this pro-
gram from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. These re-
sources were used to fund the following activities: the Office of Policy Analysis
prepared and analyzed policy and program implementation issues; the Office of
Standards and Regulations provided statistical and technical support of the regu-
latory development process; and the Office of Management Systems and Evaluation
provided the program with effective management systems and accurate assessments of
program activities and accomplishments.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE - OFFICE OF THE COMPTROLLER
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests $202,600 supported by 5.0 total workyears for this program
from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation, a decrease of
$189,000. The reduction in resources reflects decreased contractor support. The
Office of the Comptroller will coordinate and prepare the OMB and Congressional
budget submission, respond to Congressional inquiries, and provide fund oversight
activities including ongoing resource reviews for the Superfund program. These
functions will be especially critical in 1985 when program expenditures and activi-
ties will increase.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $391,600 and 5.0 total workyears for this
program from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. These re-
sources support the ongoing budget activities described above and fund contract
efforts to identify and analyze major resource issues related to Superfund.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
SF-43
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1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $100,400 and 3.3 total workyears for this pro-
gram from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. The Office
of the Comptroller prepared the 1984 Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund Con-
gressional budget submission and the 1985 budget submission to the Office of Man-
agement and Budget; provided allowances and other budget control mechanisms for
1983 funds; reviewed and analyzed 1984 operating plans; and conducted resource
analyses on critical issues pertaining to the utilization of Superfund monies.
These included methods to improve obligation patterns and workyear charging, effi-
cient utilization of resources designated for equipment and research and develop-
ment projects, and fund balancing projections.
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE - OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT - LAB SUPPORT
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $100,000 for this program from the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation, an increase of $45,000. These re-
sources will provide essential support services for three remote Research and
Development laboratories which have workyears performing research in the Hazar-
dous Substances area. These resources will adequately fund such items as facili-
ties operation and maintenance, utilities and equipment operations, rental costs
and other nonpersonnel support costs that are allocable to the Superfund appropri-
ation. These resources are essential for the operation and maintenance of ORD's
Superfund research program.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $55,000 for this program from
the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. These resources pro-
vide for the essential services, as described above, which are required to oper-
ate and maintain the Office of Research and Development's Superfund program in
three remote laboratories.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$55,000 results from the following action:
-Reprograrnming. (+$55,000) This reprogramming transferred +$55,000 from the
Environmental Engineering and Technical Support program into this program to pro-
vide funds for Superfund related lab support activities in the Office of Research
and Development.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated a total of $54,400 for this program from the
Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation. This funding provided for
the essential laboratory support services associated with the Superfund research
program in three of the Office of Research and Development's remote laboratories.
SF-44
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Hazardous Substance
Response Actions
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Budget Estimate
Table of Contents
PAGE
SUPERFUND SF-1
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE ACTIONS
Hazardous Substance Response - EPA SF-46
Hazardous Spill & Site Response SF-48
Assessing & Replacing Natural Resources SF-51
Multi -media Support SF-52
Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency SF-53
Department of Health & Hunan Services (HHS) SF-56
United States Coast Guard (USCG) SF-57
Department of Justice (DOJ) SF-57
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) SF-58
FEMA - Relocation SF-58
National Oceanographic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) SF-58
Department of Interior (DOI) SF-58
Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) -
Headquarters SF-59
Hazardous Waste Site Inventory SF-61
SF-45
-------
SIJPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response - EPA
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT
1983 ESTIMATE 1984
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE -t-
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
in
-n
-P.
Hazardous Spill 8 Site
Response
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund $166,239.9 $256,345.7 $338,408.9 $313,383.9 $47,302.6 $535,607.4 $222,223.5
TOTAL $166,239.9 $256,345.7 $338,408.9 $313,383.9 $47,302.6 $535,607.4 $222,223.5
Assessing 8 Replacing
Natural Resources
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Multi-media Support
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
TOTAL
$1,009.7 $1,009.7 $1,009.7
$1,009.7 $1,009.7 $1,009.7
$244.0
$244.0
$244.0
$244.0
$463.6
$463.6
-$1,009.7
-$1,009.7
$219.6
$219.6
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substance
Response - EPA
$166,239.9 $257,355.4 $339,662.6 $314,637.6 $47,302.6 $536,071.0 $221,433.4
TOTAL $166,239.9 $257,355.4 $339,662.6 $314,637.6 $47,302.6 $536,071.0 $221,433.4
-------
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response - EPA
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
PERMANENT WORK YEARS
Hazardous Spill & Site
Response
Assessing & Replacing
Natural Resources
Mult i -media Support
TOTAL PERMANENT WORK YEARS
TOTAL WORKYEARS
Hazardous Spil 1 & Site
Response
Assessing & Replacing
Natural Resources
Multi-media Support
TOTAL WORKYEARS
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
350.8 296.6 451.8
1.0 1.0
3.6
350.8 297.6 456.4
410.2 348.2 518.9
1.0 1.0
4.0
410.2 349.2 523.9
450.7
1.0
3.6
455.3
518.9
1.0
4.0
523.9
21.0 570.8 120.1
-1.0
10.0 6.4
21.0 580.8 125.5
21.0 631.8 112.9
-1.0
10.0 6.0
21.0 641.8 117.9
-------
SUPERFUNH
Hazardous Substance Response - Environmental Protection Agency
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $536,071,000 supported by 641.8 total work-
years for 1985 from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation, an
increase of $221,433,400 and 117.9 total workyears over 1984. The increase re-
flects an acceleration of the Superfund program and an increase in the number of
sites where the more expensive remedial construction will be undertaken. This is
in contrast to earlier years in which the initial emphasis of the program was on
developing basic policies and guidance for program implementation and performing
the necessary preliminary site planning work.
Program Description
This program is responsible for protecting public health and the environment
from the dangers associated with releases of hazardous substances into the environ-
ment by providing the necessary funding and support to undertake short-term emer-
gency responses and long-term site cleanup. The activities include responding to
spills and emergency releases of hazardous substances, conducting remedial work at
abandoned and uncontrolled hazardous waste sites, and assessing and replacing
natural resources damaged by hazardous substances. The authority to carry out
these activities is provided by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensa-
tion, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA).
Hazardous Spill and Site Response The Agency coordinates an emergency
response program to deal with the most serious hazardous substance spills and site
emergencies where the responsible party or State and local governments are unable
to respond adequately. The Agency also conducts a comprehensive program to
evaluate all known hazardous waste sites, to establish priorities for remedial
response, and to undertake the appropriate remedy at as many sites as possible.
The Headquarters portion of the program establishes the policy framework, coor-
dinates the setting of priorities, administers the response resources, and provides
implementation guidance. The Regions have the lead responsibility for conducting
all the preliminary field work to identify the problems and for managing the res-
ponse work.
Assessing and Replacing Natural Resources CERCLA authorizes payments for
costs associated with Federal or State efforts to restore, rehabilitate, replace,
or acquire the equivalent of natural resources damaged as a result of hazardous
substance releases. The Agency, in conjunction with other Federal agencies, will
determine if significant or irreplaceable damage to natural resources has resulted
from a release of hazardous substances, determine the economic impact of any such
damage, evaluate alternatives for restoring or replacing these damaged natural
resources, and finance the costs of restoration or rehabilitation.
Multi-medi a Support This program provides multi-media interdisciplinary
support for CERCLA. TTTe program will fund activities necessary to inform the
public of the actions the Agency is taking under CERCLA and to allow the affected
community an opportunity to participate.
HAZARDOUS SPILL AND SITE RESPONSE
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $535,607,400 supported by 631.fi total workyears
from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation to conduct removal
SF-48
-------
and remedial response actions in 1985. This is an increase of 5222,223,500 or
71% and 112.9 total workyears from the 1984 appropriated levels. The increase
reflects the continued momentum of the program in initiating planning work at
additional sites on the National Priorities List (NPL) and in proceeding with the
more expensive implementation work at sites where planning is completed.
Removal: The Agency expects to receive and screen 6,000 hazardous substances
release notifications in 1985 to determine what, if any, response is required. In
the majority of cases, the responsible party, State or local government will take
the lead in addressing the problem. In situations where more than one State is
involved or where there is an unusually complex problem, the Federal government
will coordinate and fund the response. EPA and the Coast Guard will continue to
maintain a core emergency response capability in 1985, including EPA's Environmen-
tal Response Team, comprised of Agency employees with special engineering and
scientific expertise.
In 1985, the Agency will continue the expanded removal program, begun in 1983,
to stabilize sites where significant threats existed, while additional long-term
response was being considered. These efforts enabled the Agency to take immediate
action to protect public health and the environment without waiting for the com-
pletion of long-term analysis of the site or the results of more detailed site
assessments. The Agency expects that the total number of immediate removal act-
ions will remain fairly stable at 150 sites and spills per year.
In addition to responding to emergencies, planned removals will be taken
where an immediate response is not critical, but some early response is necessary
to protect public health or the environment. The Agency will undertake 20 planned
removal actions in 1985.
The Agency will also be conducting investigations of known dioxin production
and disposal facilities. Where appropriate, removal actions will be undertaken at
those facilities where a significant threat to public health exists. Dioxin sites
may also be scored, when appropriate, using the hazard ranking system for inclusion
on the National Priorities List (NPL) for eventual remedial action.
Remedial: Planning for and implementing remedial response is a difficult
task.THiwork at a site, from hazard ranking through remedial investigation/
feasibility study and design to the completion of implementation, will take be-
tween 30 and 50 months. Many factors, including the cooperation of the responsible
parties, availability of State resources, and changes in field conditions will
influence the program's progress. To ensure that sites are addressed as quickly
as possible, EPA will develop site management plans for each site on the National
Priorities List. These plans will enable the Agency to coordinate all proposed
response and enforcement actions at a given site and monitor its progress in
addressing the site.
The Agency is committed to ensuring that the site remedies are both tech-
nically sound and cost-effective. This requires that detailed studies be under-
taken to characterize the problem, collect and analyze the data necessary to deter-
mine the potential range of solutions, and to evaluate and select the most effect-
ive course of action. In 1985, the Agency will be managing remedial response
activities at approximately 260 sites where Fund-financed response is anticipated.
Sixty-nine of these sites will have remedial investigation/feasibility studies
started in 1985. The remaining sites are those where action was initiated in
previous years.
Once this step is completed, the final remedial action is selected, the de-
tailed engineering design for the proposed action is developed, and the actual im-
plementation of the remedy is carried out by either the States, where they have
elected to take the lead, or contractors under the direction of the Army Corps of
SF-49
-------
Engineers. In 1985, design work will be started at 68 sites and implementation
at 46 sites. This will bring the total number of sites where a solution has been
selected and design and/or construction started to 135 by the end of 1985 includ-
ing the supplemental.
State Participation: The Agency will encourage as many States as possible to
participate in ongoing response actions. The Agency expects that States will
enter into Cooperative Agreements for approximately $102 million for site response
actions. This is a substantial increase of $52 million or 104? over the anticipa-
ted level from enacted 1984 funds. Efforts will continue in 1985 to encourage
States to assume greater responsibility for development and operation of their
own response programs. This will include providing advice and guidance on organiz-
ing response capability; reviewing and suggesting improvements in technical re-
sources and staff; providing technical assistance; identifying technical, health
and safety training needs; and assisting in determining possible financial mechan-
isms that States can adopt to support their current and future activities.
Interagency Support: Resources to support incident-specific activities of
other agencies will be provided under this program. Examples of incident-specific
activities that may be performed by other agencies include health studies at NPL
sites by the Department of Health and Human Services, permanent and temporary
relocation of individuals at NPL sites by the Federal Emergency Management Agency,
and the U.S. Coast Guard response to hazardous spill incidents occurring in coastal
waters.
1984 Supplemental Request
The Agency is requesting $47,302,600 supported by 21.0 total workyears over
the enacted level from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation
for 1984.
In 1983, the Agency eliminated the State cost share requirements for remedial
planning and simplified the enforcement process. These changes helped enable
the Agency to initiate planning for Fund-financed response at 85 sites.
The requested funds in 1984 will enable the Agency to continue this momemtum
by initiating 20 additional remedial investigations for eventual Fund-financed
response, 10 additional designs and begin construction at 2 additional sites.
Contract funding is also requested under this program to fund 15 additional en-
forcement investigations which will be managed under the Hazardous Substance Tech-
nical Enforcement program.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $313,383,900 and 518.9 total
workyears from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for
this program. The majority of work in 1984 will be geared toward initiating the
necessary remedial investigations and feasibility studies, continuing to work on
sites initiated during 1982 and 1983, and responding to those emergencies where
a Federal response is required.
Removal: The Agency will direct the response at 150 major hazardous substance
releases and 20 planned removals and will provide on-scene assistance at 300 re-
leases of hazardous substances. In addition, the regulatory and guidance frame-
work will be completed for the removal program, including promulgation of final
regulations on CERCLA notification, on reportable quantities, and on the designation
of additional hazardous substances.
Remedial: In 1984, the Agency will focus its remedial efforts on initiating
remedial investigations/feasibility studies at sites on the National Priorities
List (NPL) and beginning design and implementation at sites where planning has been
SF-50
-------
completed. The Agency will conduct 4,000 preliminary assessments of sites, 1,300
site inspections, 55 remedial investigations/feasibility studies at sites where
a Fund-financed response is anticipated, 30 engineering designs, and 15 remedial
actions.
As in 1985, site-specific work undertaken by other agencies in 1984 will be
funded under this program when requested by on-scene personnel.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net decrease of -$25,025,000 results from the following actions:
-Reprogrammings. (-$25,025,000) A reprogramming was made to this activity
which was not reportable under the Congressional reprogramming limitations. This
change resulted in a net decrease of -$25,000.
An additional reprogramming of -$25,000,000 was transferred from this activity
to the FEMA allocation program reflecting the remaining $24,000,000 of the total
$33,100,000 designated for the Times Beach, Missouri relocation project and the
$1,000,000 for the Globe, Arizona relocation project.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $166,239,900 and 410.2 total workyears from the
Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for this program. Operations
were directed at formulating the basic operating policies and establishing the im-
plementation mechanisms for the program. Additionally, by the end of 1983, the
Agency had developed Interagency Agreements with the Corps of Engineers and other
Federal agencies and awarded Cooperative Agreements at 59 sites since 1981. The
Agency had designated 546 sites as national priority sites and initiated remedial
investigations at 136 sites where Fund-financed response is anticipated.
Specific accomplishments in 1983 included the processing of over 4,600 noti-
fications of releases of hazardous substances; directing 88 immediate removals at
major hazardous substances incidents and 6 planned removals; monitoring 400 remov-
als of hazardous substances carried out by the responsible party or State and
local authorities; conducting 1,891 preliminary assessments of sites and 550
site inspections; and initiating 85 remedial investigations/feasibility studies,
11 engineering designs, and 6 remedial actions.
ASSESSING AND REPLACING NATURAL RESOURCES
1985 Program Request
To date no claims have been approved. Therefore, in 1985, the Agency will
not request funds for this program. Funding appropriated in previous years is
available to be used for costs associated with Federal or State efforts to restore,
rehabilitate, replace, or acquire the equivalent of natural resources damaged as
a result of hazardous substance releases.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $1,009,700 and 1.0 total workyear
from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation to this program.
These resources can support up to two damage assessments and one restoration
action.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
SF-51
-------
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, no funds were obligated for this program because no claims were
received.
MULTI-MEDIA SUPPORT
1985 Program Request
In 1985, the Agency requests a total of $463,600 supported by 10.0 total
workyears from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation to provide
interdisciplinary support for CERCLA, an increase of $219,600 and 6.0 total work-
years from 1984. The increase provides additional support to ensure effective
public participation in an expanded Superfund program. Until 1984 the need for
these activities were minimal. However, as the Agency completes planning efforts
at a larger number of sites and begins to select and implement solutions, the
Agency must ensure that the public is adequately informed of site response de-
cisions and has an opportunity to participate.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $244,000 and 4.0 total work-
years from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation to this pro-
gram. These resources will support the ongoing Superfund program activities to
ensure adequate public participation in the Superfund program.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, no funds were obligated for this program.
SF-52
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SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
1983 ESTIMATE 1984 ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
PROGRAM
in
CO
Department of Health &
Human Services
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
United States Coast
Gua rd
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Department of Justice
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
TOTAL
Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA)
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
FEMA-Relocation
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
$7,140.9 $1,905.0 $5,000.0 $5,000.0
$7,140.9 $1,905.0 ,$5,000.0 $5,000.0
$1,514.8 $3,674.4 $3,674.4 $3,674.4
$1,514.8 $3,674.4 $3,674.4 $3,674.4
1,937.4 $2,644.0 $3,282.4 $3,282.4
1,937.4 $2,644.0 $3,282.4 $3,282.4
$7,455.5
$7,455.5
$25,000.0
$25,000.0
$9,495.0
$9,495.0
$4,495.0
$4,495.0
$2,192.0 -$1,482.4
$2,192.0 -$1,482.4
$4,822.0
$4,822.0
$234.0
$234.0
$1,539.6
$1,539.6
$234.0
$234.0
-$25,000.0
-$25,000.0
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-n
01
SUPERFUNO
Hazardous Substance Response - Interagency
ACTUAL BUDGET AMENDMENT
1983 ESTIMATE 1984
1984
CURRENT SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
ESTIMATE REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1984 1985 VS 1984
National Oceanographic
& Atmospheric
Administration
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
Department of Interior
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
Occupational Safety &
Health Administration
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Substance TOTAL
Response - Interagency
$348.3
$348.3
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
$80.0
$80.0
$250.0
$250.0
$315.0
$315.0
$151.6
$151.6
$250.0
$250.0
$315.0
$315.0
$151.6
$151.6
$18,396.9 $8,303.4 $12,673.4 $37,673.4
$18,396.9 $8,303.4 $12,673.4 $37,673.4
$500.0
$500.0
$355.0
$355.0
$222.4
$222.4
$250.0
$250.0
$40.0
$40.0
$70.8
$70.8
$17,820.4 -$19,853.0
$17,820.4 -$19,853.0
-------
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Substance Response-Interagency
Budget Request
The Agency requests a total of $17,820,400 from the Hazardous Substance Re-
sponse Trust Fund appropriation for Interagency activities in 1985, a decrease of
$19,853,000 from 1984. The major portion of this decrease reflects the fact that
1984 funding included $25,000,000 for the permanent relocation of residents of the
Times Beach, Missouri Superfund site. The requested resources will support the
ongoing Superfund program activities of the Department of Health and Human Ser-
vices, the United States Coast Guard, the Department of Justice, the National
Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, the Department of Interior, the
Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the Occupational Safety and Health Admini-
stration.
Program Description
Executive Order 12316, signed by the President in August 1981, -requires
the Agency to manage an Interagency budget process culminating in a consolidated
budget request for the entire Superfund program. The activities of other Federal
agencies are divided into two basic categories. The first category includes
those activities which are episodic in nature and are taken in direct support of
specific site or spill response actions. With the exception of the Federal Emer-
gency Management Agency (FEMA), these actions are paid on a reimbursable basis
from the funds appropriated to the Hazardous Spill and Site Response program.
The second category of other Federal agency involvement is support *or ongoing
activities which are generally not incident-specific. These activities include
developing program policies and guidance, conducting health research, training
response personnel, litigating civil and criminal cases, and providing scientific
and technical advice to EPA on-scene coordinators. These actions are financed by
the funds requested in this subactivity. All funds are provided through transfer
allocation accounts with the exception of the USCG. Funds are transferred to the
USCG on a reimbursable basis.
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) -- CERCLA established an Agency
for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry within the Department of Health and
Human Services which has authority to investigate complaints of illness or disease
related to exposure to hazardous substances, to conduct health studies and surveys,
to develop appropriate testing for exposed individuals, and to develop and maintain
information on health effects of toxic substances. EPA works closely with HHS to
develop policies and procedures to ensure a coordinated Federal approach in conduct-
ing these activities.
United States Coast Guard (USCG) « The USCG has the authority under CERCLA
to respond to any release or threatened release involving the coastal zone, Great
Lakes waters, ports, and harbors. The USCG provides training to maintain this
response capability, conducts enforcement activities as necessary in their areas
of responsibility, and maintains the National Response Center.
Department of Justice (DOJ) -- The Attorney General has responsibility to con-
duct and control all litigation arising under CERCLA. EPA prepares the required
technical and legal documentation and cooperates with DOJ in the negotiation of
consent decrees for privately-financed response actions.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) FEMA has the authority under
CERCLA to provide temporary and permanent relocation housing for individuals whose
health is threatened by hazardous waste sites. EPA supports FEMA in establishing
the necessary core staff in both Headquarters and Regions in order to effectively
carry out delegated functions.
SF-55
-------
Federal Emergency Management Agency - Relocation -- FEMA provides temporary
and permanenthousingrelocationto individualsthreatened by hazardous waste.
National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) The National
Contingency Plan designates NOAA as Federal Trustee for certain natural resources
which nay be lost or damaged as a result of hazardous substance discharges. NOAA
also provides scientific and technical support for responses to spills and hazardous
materials in coastal and marine waters.
Department of Interior (POI) The National Contingency Plan designates 001
as Federal Trustee for certain natural resources which may be lost or damaged as
a result of hazardous substance discharges. DOI also provides scientific and tech-
nical support in the areas of resource damage assessment through participation on
National and Regional Response Teams.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) OSHA has responsi-
bility for worker protection at Superfund sites. The Health Response Team (HRT)
provides assistance to EPA officials and other on-site personnel to protect workers
at hazardous waste sites and develops guidelines to improve current methods for
worker protection.
DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES (HHS)
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $9,495,000 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation for this program. This increase of $4,495,000 reflects
the additional management of health support that EPA anticipates will be needed as
the number of sites where EPA is taking action increases in 1985. These resources
will enable HHS to develop protocols for site-specific disease registries and con-
duct birth defect studies at Superfund sites, to support the Headquarters and
field core staff necessary to provide scientific and technical advice to EPA on-
scene coordinators when assessing the public health hazard at priority sites, and
to review environmental test results for indications of human health hazards. On
an ongoing basis, HHS will provide health related guidance and will manage labora-
tory support for emergency response.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $5,000,000 from the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation to this program for the ongoing activi-
ties of HHS. In addition to these 1984 funds, HHS has approximately $2,515,100
in obligational authority remaining from its 1983 appropriation. HHS is collecting
the information and developing the procedures necessary to provide continuing
health related support to the Superfund program. Included are development of
health related field guidance in support of Agency emergency response actions,
development of standard guidelines for the conduct of health and epidemiological
studies at NPL sites, production of worker health and safety technical guidance
and field manuals for individuals involved in response actions, and toxicological
testing of chemicals found at NPL sites.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, $7,140,900 was obligated from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust
Fund appropriation by HHS. These resources provided health related activities, as
mandated by CERCLA. Scientific support and ongoing support for emergency response
activities were continued at an increased number of sites. Toxicology testing and
worker health and safety research efforts were expanded.
SF-56
-------
UNITED STATES COAST GUARD (USCG)
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $2,192,000 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation for this program. This decrease of $1,482,400 reflects
reduced training requirements by the USCG in 1985. The USCG will ensure CERCLA
financial responsibility requirements are met, train emergency response personnel
using program modules and simulation drills, staff the CERCLA component of the
National Response Center, and maintain records of characteristics of certain
chemicals.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,674,400 from the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for the USCG. These resources will be
used to purchase safety equipment, conduct response training for USCG personnel,
upgrade capabilities at the National Response Center, and provide field data sys-
tems to support response programs.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There was no change to this program.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $1,514,800 from the Hazardous Substance Trust
Fund appropriation for the USCG. These resources provided on-site personnel
training and USCG enforcement activities. In addition, these funds supported
information systems and the operation of the National Response Center.
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (DOJ)
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $4,822,000 from the Hazardous Substance Re-
sponse Trust Fund appropriation. The increase of $1,539,600 will be used to liti-
gate an expanding caseload. There will be additional civil cases to compel respon-
sible party action, and additional criminal and cost recovery cases. OOJ will
continue to litigate existing cases. These complex and unprecedented cases remain
on the docket longer than anticipated resulting in an increasing caseload. These
funds will also be used to support the operation of a system which provides auto-
mated data support for complex cases. DOJ will continue to provide legal advice
and assistance to EPA in negotiations with responsible parties and issuance of
administrative orders and to defend all actions brought against the Fund.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $3,282,400 from the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for DOJ. The Department of Justice
is continuing to litigate suits previously initiated and is filing precedent set-
ting suits against responsible parties to compel removal and remedial actions and
to recover Federal response costs incurred from the Fund. The Department of
Justice is also providing assistance in negotiations with responsible parties and
in the issuance of administrative orders, and provides the government's defense
in cases filed against CERCLA.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
SF-57
-------
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $1,937,400 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation for DOJ. These resources were used for litigation and
other enforcement-related activities.
FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY (FEMA)
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $234,000 from the Hazardous Response Trust Fund
appropriation for FEMA's ongoing activities. These resources will be used to sup-
port FEMA's Regional Response Team, and to provide management support and oversight
for temporary and permanent relocations.
1984 Program
No resources were allocated to this program in 1984.
1983 Accomplishments
No resources were allocated to this program in 1983.
FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT AGENCY - RELOCATION
1985 Program Request
No resources are requested for this program in 1985. Resources for site-
specific relocations will be transferred as required from the Hazardous Spill and
Site Response program.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $25,000,000 from the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for FEMA. These resources will be used
to support permanent relocation of residents, businesses or community facilities
from the Times Beach, Missouri and Globe, Arizona Superfund sites.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
The net increase of +$25,000,000 results from the following action:
-Reprogramniing. (+$25,000,000) A reprogramming of +$25,000,000 was transfered
to this activity from the Hazardous Spill and Site Response program reflecting the
remaining $24,000,000 of the total $33,100,000 designated for the Times Beach,
Missouri relocation project and the $1,000,000 for the Globe, Arizona relocation
project.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, the Agency obligated $7,455,500 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation. These resources were used for permanent and temporary
relocation of residents at Times Beach, Missouri and other site-specific reloca-
tions.
NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION (NOAA)
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $500,000 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation an increase of $250,000 from 1984. The additional re-
SF-58
-------
sources will be used by NOAA to provide and evaluate updated field monitoring
methods for sampling and analyzing contaminants discharged into marine environ-
ments. NOAA will continue to conduct spill simulations at selected ports, to
provide updated protective equipment, and to participate on Regional Response
Teams.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating $250,000 from the Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund appropriation for this program to provide training for the
scientific response team, to purchase and maintain protective equipment for person-
nel, and to maintain field instrumentation.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, EPA obligated $348,300 from the Hazardous Substance Response Trust
Fund appropriation for NOAA activities. These resources were used to purchase
equipment and to prepare for conducting natural resource damage assessments.
DEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR (DPI)
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $355,000 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation for DOI, an increase of $40,000 from 1984. These addi-
tional resources will enable nine Department of Interior bureaus with expertise in
their area of concern, to more effectively participate on the National Response
Team. DOI will continue to coordinate the activities of these bureaus in support
of EPA's basic mission of spill and site response. Funds will also be utilized
for the development of State and local contingency plans.
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $315,000 from the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for DOI. In 1984, the DOI is parti-
cipating on the Regional and National Response Teams by providing damage assessment
expertise.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, no resources were allocated for this program.
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION (OSHA)
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests a total of $222,400 from the Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund appropriation for OSHA. This increase of $70,800 will allow the OSHA
Health Response Team to provide EPA officials and other responsible personnel with
additional technical assistance in protecting workers at Superfund sites, and to
enforce existing worker safety standards.
SF-59
-------
1984 Program
In 1984, the Agency is allocating a total of $151,600 from the Hazardous
Substance Response Trust Fund appropriation for this program. OSHA will use these
resources to provide technical assistance to EPA officials and other responsible
on-site personnel in protecting workers at Superfund sites.
1984 Explanation of Changes from the Amendment
There is no change from the amendment.
1983 Accomplishments
No funds were provided for this program in 1983.
SF-60
-------
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Waste Site Inventory
ACTUAL BUDGET
1983 ESTIMATE
1984
AMENDMENT
1984
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
SUPPLEMENTAL ESTIMATE INCREASE +
REQUEST 1985 DECREASE -
1984 1985 VS 1984
PROGRAM
(DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS)
Hazardous Waste Site
Inventory
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
TOTAL:
Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Hazardous Waste Site
Inventory
TOTAL
TOTAL
$9,662.5
$9,662.5
$9,662.5
$9,662.5
-------
SUPERFUND
Hazardous Waste Site Inventory
Budget Request
No funds are requested for this activity in 1985.
Program Description
This was a one time Congressionally mandated program to support State hazar-
dous substances activities under Section 3012 of the Resource Conservation and
Recovery Act (RCRA).
Hazardous Waste Site Inventory This program provided financial assistance
to States for assessment and inspections of hazardous waste sites under Section
3012 of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). In 1983, the Congress
earmarked $10,000,000 for these purposes.
HAZARDOUS WASTE SITE INVENTORY
1985 Program Request
The Agency requests no funds for this activity in 1985.
1984 Program
In 1984, the remainder of the $10 million will be obligated. The Agency will
not be allocating any additional resources to this program.
1983 Accomplishments
In 1983, a total of $9,662,500 was obligated from the Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund appropriation for this program. These funds supported State
hazardous waste site activities including preliminary assessments, inspections,
responsible party searches, inventory completion, and collection of additional
information to characterize site problems. A regulation was promulgated describing
the policies and procedures for a State to receive some share of the available
resources.
SF-62
-------
SPECIAL
ANALYSIS
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
SPECIAL ANALYSES
Table of Contents
Page
EPA Organlzatlon Chart SA-2
EPA Regional Offices - Locations SA-3
Summary of Resources, By Appropriation SA-4
Summary of Resources, By Media SA-7
1984 Workyears and Budget Authority, By Media and Appropriation SA-11
in
L 1965 Workyears and Budget Authority, By Media and Appropriation SA-12
1984 Obligations By Appropriation and Media SA-13
1985 Obligations By Appropriation and Media SA-15
Summary of State Grant Resources SA-17
History of State Grant Budget Authority SA-18
Permanent Positions by Grade SA-20
Averacie Employment and Salary SA-24
Object. Classification:
liesearch and Development SA-25
Abatement, Control and Compliance SA-28
Salaries and Expenses SA-33
ruiildlngs and Facilities SA-40
Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund SA-42
-------
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
STAFF OFFICES
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW JUt
CIVIL RIGHTS
SMALL » DISADVANTAGE!
BUSINESS UTILIZATION
SCIENCE ADVISORY BOARI
1
ASSISTANT
ADMINISTRATOR FOR
ADMINISTRATION AND
RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
H OFFICE OF THE
COMPTROLLER
H OFFICE OF
ADMINISTRATION
H OFFICE OF
INFO. RESOURCES
MANAGEMENT
OFFICE OF
CINCINNATI. OH
H OFFICE OF
ADMINISTRATION
HTP.NC
"1
1
ASSISTANI
ADMINISTRATO
ENFORCEMENT
COMPLIANC
MONITORIN
-
ASSISTANT
ADMINISTRATOR FOR
WATER
^ OFFICE OF WATER
ENFORCEMENT
AND PERMITS
^ OFFICE OF WATER
REGULATIONS
AND STANDARDS
^ OFFICE OF WATER
PROGRAM
OPERATIONS
^ OFFICE OF
DRINKING WATER
'I
1 REGION 1 1 1 REGION II 1
BOSTON | | NEW YORK |
1
REGION III 1
PHILADELPHIA |
KJES
I
>
r
R FOR
AND
E
Q
ADMINISTRATOR
DEPUTY
ADMINISTRATOR
1
GENERAL
COUNSEL
1
ASSISTANT
ADMINISTRATOR FOR
SOLID WASTE AND
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
H OFFICE OF
SOLID WASTE
^ OFFICE OF
EMERGENCY AND
REMEDIAL RESPONSE
^ OFFICE OF
WASTE PROGRAMS
ENFORCEMENT
1
1
1 ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR 1
|FOR INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES I
1 ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR 1
1 FOR REGIONAL OPERATIONS |
ASSISTANT
ADMINISTRATOR FOB
POLICY. PLANNING
AND EVALUATION
OFFICE OF
POLICY ANALYSIS
OFFICE OF
STANDARDS
AND REGULATIONS
OFFICE OF
SYSTEMS AND
1
1 1
ASSISTANT
ADMINISTRATOR FOR
EXTERNAL' AFFAIRS
-
-
1 OFFICE OF INTER-
GOVERNMENTAL
LIAISON
1 OFFICE OF
CONGRESSIONAL
H OFFICE OF
PUBLIC AFFAIRS
-
ASSISTANT
ADMINISTRATOR FOR
AIR AND RADIATION
OFFICE OF AIR
DUALITY PLANNING
AND STANDARDS
1 OFFICE OF
MOBILE SOURCES
1 OFFICE OF
RADIATION
PROGRAM*
OFFICE OF
FEDERAL
ACTIVITIES
INSPECTOR
GENERAL
_ OFFICE OF
AUDIT
_ OFFICE OF
INVESTIGATIONS
OFFICE OF
_ MANAGEMENT AND
TECHNICAL
ASSESSMENT
1 1
ASSISTANT
ADMINISTRATOR FOR
PESTICIDES AND
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
1
REGION IV 1 1 REGION V 1 REGION VI
ATLANTA | | CHICAGO | DALLAS
OFFICE OF
PESTICIDE
PROGRAMS
OFFICE OF
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
~ ASSISTANT
ADMINISTRATOR FOR
RESEARCH AND
DEVELOPMENT
OFFICE OF MONITOR -
- INO SYSTEMS AND
QUALITY ASSURANCE
OFFICE OF
~ ENV. ENGINEERING
AND TECHNOLOGY
OFFICE OF
- ENV. PROCESSES*
EFFECTS RESEARCH
OFFICE OF
HEALTH RESEARCH
1 II 1
(REGION VII 1 1 REGION VIII
KANSAS CITY | | DENVER
1 REGION IX 1
SANfflANCISCO]
REGION X 1
SEATTLE |
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGIONS
Locations and States
to
3>
CO
Region I Headquarters. Boston, Massachusetts
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts,
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont
Region II Headquarters, New York, New York
New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico
Virgin Islands
Region III Headquarters, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
ueI aware, Maryland, Pennsylvania,
Virginia, West Virginia, District of
Columbia
Region IV Headquarters, Atlanta, Georgia
Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky,
Mississippi, North Carolina, South
Carolina, Tennessee
Region V Headquarters,Chicago, Illinois
Illinois, Indiana, Michigan
Minnesota, Ohio, Wisconsin
Region VI Headquarters, Dallas, Texas
Arkansas, New Mexico, Texas,
Oklahoma, Louisiana
Region VII Headquarters, Kansas City, Missouri
Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska
Region VIII Headquarters, Denver, Colorado
Colorado, Montana, North Dakota,
South Dakota, Utah, Wyoming
Region IX Headquarters. San Francisco, California
Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada,
American Samoa, Guam, Trust Territories
of Pacific Islands, Northern Mariana
Islands
Region X Headquarters, Seattle, Washington
Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, Washington
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of Resources
Research and Development
Budget Authorl ty
Obligations
Outlays
Abatement, Control and
Compliance
Budget Authorl ty
Obligations
Outlays
Salaries and Expenses
Budget Authority
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
Buildings and Facilities
Budget Authority.
Obligations
Outl ays
Operations, Research and
Facilities
Obligations.
Outlays
Actual
1983
$121,000.0
128,613.0
182,690.0
369,075.0
377,272.1
455,020.0
555,613.2
545,195.8
540,947.0
8,461.4
10,053.4
3,000.0
4,116.1
3,266.0
475.3
-525.0
SUBTOTAL. OPERATING PROGRAMS
Budget Authority 1,048,688.2
Obi 1 gatlons 1,055,672.3
Outl ays 1,181,666.0
Permanent Workyears 8,461.4
Total Workyears 10,053.4
By Appropriation
(dollars In thousands)
Budget
Estimate
1984
$111,669.0
112,434.0
140,764.0
293,933.0
294,871.0
366,359.0
540,389.0
540,389.0
518,533.0
7,996.8
9,678.7
2,600.0
2,965.0
4,689.0
1,439. '6
948,591.0 1
950,659.0 1
1,031,784.0 1
7,996.8
9,678.7
Amendment
1984
$142,700.0
144,192.1
133,012.7
393,900.0
390,456.8
416,984.0
574,900.0
574,900.0
563,767.0
8,724.1
10,478.7
2,600.0
4,042.0
4,233.0
150.0
1,250.0
,114,100.0 1
,113,740.9 1
,119,478.7 1
8,724.1
10,478.7
Current
Estimate
1984
$139,200.0
140,692.1
132,312.7
393,900.0
390,456.8
416,984.0
578,400.0
578,400.0
566,777.0
8,731.3
10,478.7
2,600.0
4,042.0
4,233.0
150.0
1,250.0
,114,100.0
,113,740.9
,119,479.7
8,731.3
10,478.7
Supplemental
1984
$5,500.0
5,500.0
1,100.0
5,500.0
5,500.0
1,100.0
Estimate
1985
$163,437.0
164,492.0
148,941.9*
396,042.0
395,999.0
415,290.0
639,275.0
639,275.0
627,611.0
9,426.1
10,878.7
10,500.0
9,315.0
4,148.0
150.0
601.0
1,209,254.0
1,209,231.0
1,196,707.9
9,426.1
10,878.7
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
$24,237.0
23,799.9
16,629.2
2,142.0
5,542.2
-1,694.0
60,875.0
60,875.0
60,834.0
694.8
400.0
7,900.0
5,273.0
-85.0
-649.0
95,154.0
95,490.1
77,229.2
694.8
400.0
-------
en
Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment
1984
Current
Estimate
1984
Supplemental
1984
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund
Budget Authority 210,000.0 310,000.0 410,000.0 410,000.0
Obligations 227,822.4 319,870.0 431,652.0 431,652.0
Outlays 147,803.0 269,000.0 325,000.0 325,000.0
Permanent Worl.years 635.7 619.3 892.0 890.9
Total Workyears 724.8 707.1 1,007.1 1,007.1
Payment .to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Budget Authority... (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0)
Obligations (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0)
Outlays (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0)
Construction Grants
Budget Authority. 2,430,000.0 2,400,000.0 2,430,000.0 2,430,000.0
Obligations 3,737,469.5 2,400,000.0 2,600,000.0 2,600,000.0
Outlays 2,982,669.0 2,800,000.0 2,500,000.0 2,500,000.0
Scientific Activities Overseas
Obligations 11.0 950.0 315.0 315.0
Outlays 232.0 600.0 183.0 183.0
Revolving Fund
Obligations. 768.0 $800.0 588.0 588.0
Outlays 13.0 100.0 15.0 15.0
Enforcement
Outlays.. 268.0 ... 232.0 232.0
U.S. Regulatory Council
Outlays 28.0 ... 2.0 2.0
M1sc. Contributed Funds
Obligations 21.7 20.0 30.0 30.0
Outlays 24.0 20.0 25.0 25.0
50,000.0
50,000.0
15,000.0
50.0
50.0
Estimate
1985
Increase *
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
640,000.0
642,406.0
535,000.0**
1,249.0
1,357.1
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
2,400,000.0
2,400,000.0
2,500,000.0
200.0
175.0
588.0
15.0
116.0
21.0
25.0
230,000.0
210,754.0
210,000.0
358.1
350.0
-30,000.0
-200,000.0
-115.0
-8.0
-116.0
-2.0
-9.0
-------
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Amendment Estimate Supplemental Estimate Decrease -
1983 1984 1984 1984 1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
Reimbursements - Salaries and
Expenses
Obligations 15,270.6 20,000.0 20,000.0 20,000.0 20,000.0
Permanent Workyears 57.1 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0
Total Workyears 65.5 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0
Reimbursements - Superfund
Obligations 2,570.3 ... 4,164.0 4,164.0 9,621.0 5,457.0
TOTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
Budget Authority $3,688,688.2 $3,658,591.0 $3,954,100.0 $3,954,100.0 $55,500.0 $4,249,254.0 $295,154.0
Obligations .'... 5,039,605.8 3,692,299.0 4,170,489.9 4,170,489.9 55,500.0 4,282,067.0 111,577.1
Outlays 4,312,435.0 4,101,504.0 3,944,703.7 3,947,013.7 16,100.0 4,231,922.9 284,909.2
Permanent Wort years 9,154.2 8,669.1 9,669.1 9,675.2 50.0 10,728.1 1,052.9
Total Workyears 10,843.7 10,447.8 11,547.8 11,547.8 50.0 12,297.8 750.0
* Includes outlays for Energy supplemental of $2,365.0.
** Includes outlays for Superfund supplemental of $20,000.0.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of Resources
By Media
(dollars In thousands)
Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment
1984
Current
Estimate
1984
Supplemental
1984
Estimate
1985
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
Air
Budget Authority $214,533.7
Obligations 215,980.0
Outl ays 221,455.0
Pennanent Workyears 1,405.7
Total Workyears 1,630.7
Water Quality
Budget Authority 206,048.0
Obligations 210,188.2
c/> Outlays 282,029.0
T" Permanent Workyears 1,867.4
" Total Workyears 2,230.9
Drinking Water
Budget Authorl ty
Obligations
Outl ays
Permanent Workyears
Total Workyears
75,540.9
75,511.6
85,040.0
446.6
522.8
Hazardous Waste
Budget Authority 120,148.3
Obi Igations 118,584.9
Outlays 127,165.0
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears.
Pesticides
Budget Authori ty....
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Worl years.
Total Workyears
627.7
790.7
53,693.8
53,497.9
57,888.0
665.1
726.4
$190,991.6
191,337.6
199,621.0
1,350.3
1,577.1
151,369.3
151,818.3
205,682.0
1,662.9
2,065.5
66,355.9
66,467.9
73,568.0
465.1
560.8
110,112.7
110,194.7
114,192.0
625.8
830.0
52,742.6
52,750.6
53,430.0
652.7
736.9
$225,385.5
222,997.0
211,774.0
1,462.7
1,694.7
217,829.5
215,582.5
234,912.7
1,790.1
2,205.2
79,370.3
78,313.5
79,935.9
472.9
568.5
130,417.0
129,362.5
126,750.7
794.4
1,015.1
57,690.8
56,997.6
56,018.4
.694.5
783.7
$224,768.8
222,440.0
212,035.6
1,464.0
1,696.1
216,156.9
216,004.5
235,483.7
1,792.1
2,207.2
78,713.6
78,069.5
80,012.1
472.9
568.5
128,657.0
129,051.5
126,912.7
799.6
1,015.1
57,296.8
57,209.6
56,233.4
694.5
783.7
$228,768.2
227,996.9
225,993.4
1,591.9
1,758.0
217,710.8
218,805.9
239,873.9
1,902.5
2,259.4
79,274.5
79,248.8
81,028.2
508.0
591.5
143,267.9
144,054.1
137,748.6
887.3
1,090.2
63,258.2
63,022.4
60,680.8
727.5
808.7
$3,999.4
5,556.9
13,957.8
127.9
61.9
1,553.9
2,801.4
4,390.2
110.4
52.2
560.9
1,179.3
1,016.1
35.1
23.0
14,610.9
15,002.6
10,835.9
87.7
75.1
5,961.4
5,812.8
4,447.4
33.0
25.0
-------
Radiation
Budget Authority.
Obligations.
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
Noise
Budget Authority.
Obligations
Outlays
Interdisciplinary
Budget Authority
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
Toxic Substances
Budget Authority
Obligations
Outlays
Permanent Worl-years.
Total Workyears
Energy
Budget Authority....
Obligations....
Outlays
Permanent Workyears.
Total Workyears
Actual
1983
10,278.8
11
14,
680.
363.0
139.0
161.6
40.0
1,540.0
34,710.0
38,026.6
24,798.0
444.7
509.4
68,403.8
69,979.1
79,797.0
618.8
712.1
25,209.9
26,716.9
64,779.0
57.8
82.9
Management and Support
Budget Authority 237,121.0
Obi i gations 231,350.6
Outlays 219,546.0
Permanent Workyears 2,188.6
Total Workyeers 2,685.9
Budget
Estimate
1984
10,854.8
10,872.8
11,419.0
126.9
146.4
663.0
41,335.6
41,595.6
29,098.0
353.4
396.5
66,675.7
66,891.7
71,368.0
606.2
683.2
23,530.1
23,742.1
42,153.0
36.8
54.9
232,022.7
232,022.7
225,901.0
2,116.7
2,627.4
Amendment
1984
12,410.7
12,248.2
12,331.2
142.2
164.6
744.0
45,887.8
45,851.9
32,046.7
422.2
469.1
69,117.8
68,913.3
67,349.6
634.6
717.0
30,489.7
31,064.3
35,718.5
44.1
65.9
242,900.9
248,368.1
257,664.0
2,266.4
2,794.9
Current
Estimate Supplemental
1984 1984
12,320.4
12,272.2
12,372.0
142.2
164.6
744.0
46,069.1
45,481.9
32,077.1
425.4
472.7
68,849.5
68,782.3
67,481.6
632.6
716.0
30,449.8
31,086.3
35,737.5
44.1
65.9
248,218.1
249,301.1
258,466.0
2,263.9
2,788.9
$5,500.0
5,500.0
1,100.0
Estimate
1985
12,090.6
12,044.2
13,211.5
153.8
164.6
485.8
48,952.8
48,911.7
43,009.2
486.1
514.3
79,642.1
79,641.1
74,896.6
740.0
799.5
48,503.5
48,755.5
40,283.2*
52.0
72.6
277,285.4
277,435.4
275,348.7
2,377.0
2,819.9
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
-229.8
-228.0
839.5
11.6
-258.2
2,883.7
3,429.8
10,932.1
60.7
41.6
10,792.6
10,858.8
7,415.0
107.4
83.5
18,053.7
17,669.2
4,545.7
7.9
6.7
29,067.3
28,134.3
16,882.7
113.1
31.0
-------
UD
Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment
1984
Current
Estimate
1984
Buildings and Facilities
' Budget Authority 3,000.0 2,600.0 2,600.0 2,600.0
Obligations 4,116.1 2,965.0 4,042.0 4,042.0
Outlays 3,266.0 4,689.0 4,233.0 4,233.0
SUBTOTAL, OPERATING PROGRAMS
Budget Authority 1,048,688.2 948,591.0 1,114,100.0 1,114,100.0
Obligations 1,055,672.3 950,659.0 1,113,740.9 1,113,740.9
Outlays 1,181,666.0 1,031,784.0 1,119,478.7 1,119,479.7
Permanent Workyears 8,461.4 7,996.8 8,724.1 8,731.3
Total Workyears 10,053.4 9,678.7 10,478.7 10,478.7
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund
Budget Authority 210,000.0 310,000.0 410,000.0 410,000.0
Obligations 227,822.4 319,870.0 431,652.0 431,652.0
Outlays 147,803.0 269,000.0 325,000.0 325,000.0
Permanent Workyears 635.7 619.3 892.0 890.9
Total Workyears 724.8 707.1 1,007.1 1,007.1
Payment to Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Budget Authority... (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0)
Obligations (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0)
Outlays (40,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0) (44,000.0)
Construction Grants
Budget Authority. 2,430,000.0 2,400,000.0 2,430,000.0 2,430,000.0
Obligations 3,737,469.5 2,400,000.0 2,600,000.0 2,600,000.0
Outlays 2,982,669.3 2,800,000.0 2,500,000.0 2,500,000.0
Scientific Activities Overseas
Obligations 11.0 950.0 315.0 315.0
Outlays 232.0 600.0 183.0 183.0
Revolving Fund
Obligations. 768.0 800.0 588.0 588.0
Outlays 13.0 100.0 15.0 15.0
Increase +
Supplemental Estimate Decrease -
1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
10,500.0 7,900.0
9,315.0 5,273.0
4,148.0 -85.0
$5,500.0 1,209,254.0 95,154.0
5,500.0 1,209,231.0 95,490.1
1,100.0 1,196,707.9 77,229.2
9,426.1 694.8
10,878.7 400.0
50,000.0 640,000.0 230,000.0
50,000.0 642,406.0 210,754.0
15,000.0 535,000.0** 210,000.0
50.0 1,249.0 358.1
50.0 1,357.1 350.0
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
(44,000.0)
2,400,000.0 -30,000.0
2,400,000.0 -200,000.0
2,500,000.0
200.0
175.0
588.0
15.0
-115.0
-8.0
-------
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Amendment Estimate Supplemental Estimate Decrease -
1983 1984 1984 1984 1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
Misc. Contributed Funds
Obligations.. 21.7 20.0 30.0 30.0 21.0 -9.0
Outlays 24.0 20.0 25.0 25.0 25.0
Reimbursements - Salaries and
Expenses
Obligations 15,270.6 20,000.0 20,000.0 20,000.0 20,000.0
Permanent Workyears 57.1 53.0 53.0 53.0 53.0
Total Workyears 65.5 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0
Reimbursements - Superfund
Obligations. 2,570.3 ... 4,164.0 4,164.0 9,621.0 5,457.0
U.S. Regulatory Council
Outlays 28.0 ... 2.0 2.0 ... -2.0
TOTAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
Budget Authority $3,688,688.2 $3,658,591.0 $3,954,100.0 $3,954,100.0 $55,500.0 $4,249,254.0 $295,154.0
Obligations 5,039,605.8 3,692,299.0 4,170,489.9 4,170,489.9 55,500.0 4,282,067.0 111,577.1
Outlays 4,312,435.3 4,101,504.0 3,944,703.7 3,947,013.7 16,100.0 4,231,922.9 284,909.2
Permanent Workyears 9,154.2 8,669.1 9,669.1 9,675.2 50.0 10,728.1 1,052.9
Total Workyears 10,843.7 10,447.8 11,547.8 11,547.8 50.0 12,297.8 750.0
NOTE: The transfer of $3,500.0 thousand for pay raise costs, In 1984 Budget Authority, from the Research and Development
appropriation to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, is not reflected in the above figures.
* Includes outlays for Energy supplemental of $2,365.0.
** Includes outlays for Superfund supplemental of $20,000.0.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1984 Workyears and Budget Authority
Air
Water Quality
Drinking Mater
Hazardous Waste
Pesticides
Radiation
Interdisciplinary
Toxic Substances
Energy
Management and Support.
Subtotal,
Rulldings find Facilities
Reimbursements
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust Fund
Payment to the Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Subtotal
Construction Grants.
Total,
By Media and Appropriation
(dollars In thousands)
Salaries
Total
Workyears
1,696.1
2,207.2
568.5
1,015.1
783.7
164.6
472.7
716.0
65.9
2,788.9
& Expenses
Amount
$74,825.9
88,177.1
24,140.2
38,947.6
34,204.4
8,208.0
20,661.9
33,541.3
3,975.5
248,218.1
Abatement,
Control 8
Compliance
Amount
$112,692,8
117,509.3
40,165.4
68,120.2
21,419.4
3,095.7
7,864.4
23,032.8
*
Research &
Deyel opment
Amount
$37,250.1
10,470.5
14,408.0
21,589.2
1,673.0
1,016.7
17,542.8
12,275.4
26,474.3
10,478.7 $574,900.0 $393,900.0 $142,700.0
10,478.7 $574,900.0 $393,900.0 $142,700.0
10,478.7 $574,900.0 $393,900.0 $142,700.0
Total
Total
Workyears
1,696.1
2,207.2
568.5
1,015.1
783.7
164.6
472.7
716.0
65.9
2,788.9
10,478.7
...
62.0
1,007.1
11,547.8
11,547.8
Amount
$224,768.8
216,156.9
78,713.6
128,657.0
57,296.8
12,320.4
46,069.1
68,849.5
30,449.8
248,218.1
$1,111,500.0
2,600.0
...
410,000.0
(44,000.0)
$1,524.100.0
2,430,000.0
$3,954,100.0
NOTE: 1) The transfer of $3,500.0 thousand for pay rlase costs, In 1984 Budget Authority, from the Research and
Development appropriation to the Salaries and Expenses appropriation, Is not reflected In the above
figures.
2) EPA Is requesting 1984 Supplemental of $5,500.0 thousand for Acid Rain In the Research and Development
appropriation and $50,000.0 thousand and 50 workyears for the Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund.
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Workyears and Budget Authority
Air
Water Quality
Drinking Water
Hazardous Waste
Pesticides
Radiation
Interdisciplinary
Toxic Substances
Energy
Management and Support.
Subtotal,
Buildings and Facilities
Reimbursements
Hazardous Substance Response
Trust fund
Payment to the Hazardous Substance
Response Trust Fund
Subtotal,
Construction Grants.
Total
By Media and Appropriation
(dollars In thousands)
Salaries
Total
Workyears
1,758.0
2,259.4
591.5
1,090.2
808.7
164.6
514.3
799.5
72.6
2,819.9
& Expenses
Amount
$81,204.9
96,172.9
26,431.8
45,724.1
37,361.4
8,878.2
23,705.7
38,327.1
4,183.5
277,285.4
Abatement,
Control &
Compliance
Amount
$108,902.4
110,776.6
39,495.4
75,934.4
23,168.4
2,195.7
8,718.9
26,850.2
Research &
Development
Amount
$38,660.9
10,761.3
13,347.4
21,609.4
2,728.4
1,016.7
16,528.2
14,464.8
44,320.0
10,878.7 $639,275.0 $396,042.0 $163,437.0
10,878.7 $639,275.0 $396,042.0 $163,437.0
Total
10,878.7 $639,275.0 $396,042.0 $163,437.0
Total
Workyears
1,758.0
2,259.4
591.5
1,090.2
808.7
164.6
514.3
799.5
72.6
2,819.9
10,878.7
52:6
1,357.1
12,297.8
12,297.8
Amount
$228,768.2
217,710.8
79,274.5
143,267.9
63,258.2
12,090.6
48,952.8
79,642.1
48,503.5
277,285.4
$1,198,754.0
10,500.0
640,000.0
(44,000.0)
$1,849,254.0
2,400,000.0
$4,249,254.0
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1984 Obligations
by Appropriation and Media
(in thousands of dollars)
Budget
Authority
Research and I'evelopment $142,700.0
Air 37,250.1
Water Quality 10,470.5
Drinking Water 14,408.0
Hazardous Waste 21,589.2
Pesticides 1,673.0
Radi ation 1,016.7
I nterdi sc i pi i na ry 17,542.8
Toxic Substances 12,275.4
Energy 26,474.3
Management and Support
Abatement, Control and Compliance 393,900.0
Air 112,692,8
Water Quality 117,509.3
Drinking Water 40,165.4
Hazardous Waste 68,120.2
Pesticides 21,419.4
Radiation 3,095.7
Interdisciplinary. 7,864.4
Toxic Substances 23,032.8
Salaries and Expenses 574,900.0
Air 74.H25.9
Water Quality 88,177.1
Drinking Water 24,140.2
Hazardous Waste 38,947.6
Pestici des 34,204.4
Radiation 8,208.0
Interdisciplinary 20,661.9
Toxic Substances 33,541.3
Energy 3,975.5
Management and Support 248,218.1
Unobligated
Balance
Brought
Forward
+$5,815.4
Unobligated
Balance
Carried
Forward
Transfer of
Pay Raise
-$4,323.3
-/45.0
-209.4
-288.0
-431.8
-33.5
-20.3
-350.9
-245.5
-529.5
-1,469.4
-$3.500.0
-1,122.0
-315.0
-434.0
-650.0
-50.0
-31.0
-528.0
-370.0
Total
Obligations
$140,692.1
35,383.1
9,946.1
13,936.0
22,687.4
1,599.5
965.4
16,733.9
12,351.9
27,088.8
I
I
CO
+250.0
+2,180.0
+10.0
+692.0
+1,144.0
+1,469.4
+4,434.9
-7.878.1
-2,253.9
-2,350.2
-803.3
-1,362.4
-428.4
-61.9
-157.3
-460.7
390,456.8
111,666.0
117,144.3
39,803.3
67,077.5
21,143.7
3,043.8
7,928.1
22,650.1
+1,227.1
+1,985.2
+441.2
+319.7
+152.7
+10.0
+221.0
+78.0
+3.500.0
+565.0
+737.0
+190.0
+339.0
+262.0
+55.0
+158.0
+239.0
+22.0
+933.0
578,400.0
75,390.9
88,914.1
24,330.2
39,286.6
34,466.4
8,263.0
20,819.9
33,780.3
3,997.5
249,151.1
-------
Budget
Authority
Buildings and Facilities 2,600.0
Scientific Activities Overseas
Construction Grants 2,430,000.0
Operations, Research and Facilities
Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund 410,000.0
Unobligated
Balance
Brought
Forward
+1,832.4
+3,587.7
+1,210,482.0
+1,156.9
+29,557.9
Unobligated
Balance
Carried
Forward
-390.4
-3,272.7
-1,040,482.0
-1,006.9
-7,905.9
Transfer of Total
Pay Raise Obligations
4,042.0
315.0
2,600,000.0
150.0
431,652.0
Total $3,954,100.0 +$1,256,867.2 -$1,065,259.3
$4,145,707.9
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
1985 Obligations
by Appropriation and Media
(in thousands of dollars)
Research and I'evelonment
Air
Water Qual i ty
Drinking Water
Hazardous Wnste
Pestlei des
Radiation
Interdisciplinary
Toxic Substances
Energy
Abatement, Control and Compliance
Air
Water Quality
Drinking Water
Hazardous Waste
Pesticides
Radi ation
Interdl scl plinary
Toxic Substances
Salaries and Expenses
Air
Water Quality
Drlnki ng Water
Hazardous Waste
Pesticides
Radi ation
Interdisciplinary
Toxic Substances
Energy
Management and Support
Budget
Authority
$163,437.0
Unobligated
Balance
Brought
Forward
$+4.323.3
Unobligated
Balance
Carried
Forward
-$3,268.3
-772.9
-215.3
-267.3
-432.4
-54.4
-20.7
-330.2
-289.8
-885.3
Total
Obligations
$164,492.0
37,888.0
10,546.0
13,329.0
23,346.0
2,684.0
996.0
16,268.0
14,863.0
44,572.0
LO
I
t
-------
Buildings and Facilities
Scientific Activities Overseas
Construction Grants
Operations, Research and Facilities
Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund
Total
Unobligated
Balance
Budget Brought
Authority Forward
10,500.0 +390.4
+3,272.7
2,400,000.0 +1,040,482.0
+1,006.9
640,000.0 +7,905.9
$4,249,254.0 +$1.065.259.3
Unobligated
Balance
Carried
Forward
-1,575.4
-3,072.7
-1,040,482.0
-856.9
-5,499.9
-$1.062.676.3
Total
Obligations
9,315.0
200.0
2,400,000.0
150.0
642,406.0
$4.251.837.0
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Summary of State Grant Resources
AIR
Tection 105
WATER QUALITY
Section IDS
Clean Lakes
DRINKING WATER
Public Water Systems
Program Grants
Underground Injection
Control Program
Special Studies & Demos
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Hazardous Waste Management..
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enf. Grants
Pesticides Cert. « Training.
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxics Enf. Grants
SUBTOTAL
CONSTRUCTION GRANTS
TOTAL
(in thousands
ACTUAL
1983
$84,968.0
54,144.9
3,000.0
27,654.6
7,039.0
1,900.0
43,975.0
8,717.9
1,916.8
___
$233,316.2
3,737,470.0
$3.970.786.2
of dollars)
CURRENT
ESTIMATE
1984
$87,734.7
54,200.0
5,000.0
27,450.0
7,500.2
1,900.0
47,000.0
8,703.4
2,100.0
500.0
$242,088.3
' 2,430,000.0
$2.672.088.3
INCREASE +
ESTIMATE DECREASE -
1985 1985 vs 1984
$87,734.7
54,200.0
2,500.0 -$2,500.0
27,450.0
7,500.2
-1,900.0
47,000.0
8,703.4
2,100.0
500.0
$237,688.3 -$4,400.0
2,400,000.0 -30,000.0
$2,637,688.3 -$34,400.0
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
AIR
Section 105
Section 175
WATER QUALITY
Section lUb
Section 208
Clean Lakes
DRINKING WATER
Public Water Systems
Underground Injection
Special Studies & Demos
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Haz. Waste Management
Solid Waste Management
Resource Recovery
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enf. Grants
Hi
1971
$30,200
30,200
10,000
1U.OOO
1,629
1,629
story of Stati
e Grant Budget
Authority
Part I: 1971 - 1977
(in thousands of dollars)
1972 1973 1974
$42,900
42,900
15,000
lb.000
2,545
2,545
$50,000
50,000
70,000
20,000
50,000 y
3,250
3,250
$50,000
50,000
150,000
50,000
100,000 I/
___
1975
$55,268
55,268
199,625
45.6Z5
150,000 I/
4,000 ~
.__
___
1976
$51,518
51,518
112,375
44,375
53,000
15,000
10,000
7,500
2,500
1,800
1,800
1977
$55,550
55,550
80,000
50,000
15,000
15,000
20,000
15,000
5,000
2,925
2,925
1,000
1,000
Pesticides Cert. A Training
TOXIC SUBSTANCES _- ---
Toxic Enf. Grants
TOTAL $41.829 $60,445 $123,250 $200,000
I/ CONTRACT AUTHORITY
* Pesticides certification and training data for these years is unavailable.
$254,893
$175,693
$159,475
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
History of State Grant Budget Authority
AIR
Tectlon 105
Section 175
WATER QUALITY
Section 106
Section 208
Clean Lakes
DRINKING WATER
Public Water Systems
Underground Injection
Special Studies & Demos
HAZARDOUS WASTE
Haz. waste Management
Solid Waste Management
Resource Recovery
PESTICIDES
Pesticides Enf. Grants
Pesticides Cert. 4 Training
TOXIC SUBSTANCES
Toxic Enf. Grants
Part II: 1978 - 1985
(In thousands of dollars)
1978
$66,135
'66,135
128,110
52,400
59,509
16,201
27,110
20,500
6,000
610
14,304
14,304
7,280
5,000
2,280
rrr
1979
$130,025
80,025
50,000
108,003
52,400
41,028
14,575
36,270
26,400
7,600
2,270
44,886
15,018
15,150
14,718
13,052
9,538
3,514
irr
1980
$82,800
82,800
101,230
48,730
37,500
15,000
34,745
29,450
4,395
900
38,600
18,600
10,000
10,000
12,393
8,750
3,643
rif
1981
$87,673
87,673
95,696
51,223
33,473
11,000
37,598
29,450
6,648
1,500
38,570
26,487
8,083
4,000
10,972
8,020
2,952
1,000
1,000
1982
$87,735
87,735
60,200
51,200
9,000
37,848
29,450
6,575
1,823
41,700
41,700
11,202
8,632
2,570
500
50TJ
1983
$85,050
85,050
57,200
54,200
3,000
36,425
27,450
7,075
1,900
44,068
44,068
10,718
8,718
2,000
"TTT
1984
Current
Estimate
$87.735
87,735
59,200
54,200
5,000
36.850
27,450
7,500
1,900
47.000
47,000
10,803
8,703
2,100
500
1985
Estimate
$87.735
87,735
56,700
54,200
2,500
34,950
27,450
7,500
47,000
47,000
10,803
8,703
2,100
500
"SOD"
TOTAL
$242.939 $332,236 $269.768 $271,509 $239.185 $233.461
$242.088 $237,688
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions By Grade
SALARIES AND EXPENSES
PO
o
Grades
Executive Level II..
Executive Level III.
Executive Level IV.,
Executive Level V...
Subtotal....
ES-6
ES-5
ES-4.....
ES-3 ,
ES-2
ES-1 ,
Subtotal...,
GS-16 ,
GS/GM-15 ,
GS/GM-14
GS/GM-13 ,
GS-12
GS-11 ,
GS-10
GS-9
GS-8
GS-7
GS-6
GS-5
GS-4
GS-3
GS-2
GS-1
Subtotal...
Actual
1983
1
1
2
0
7
30
82
39
25
199
9
514
1,063
1,570
1,743
791
58
454
184
551
446
472
191
52
3
8,101
Current
Estimate
1984
1
1
10
1
13
8
33
89
39
26
16
211
9
519
1,074
1,587
1,762
799
59
459
186
557
451
477
193
53
3
8,188
Estimate
1985
1
1
10
1
13
8
35
95
42
28
17
225
9
535
1,116
1,654
1,831
820
69
536
217
707
527
557
225
62
4
8,869
-------
I
ro
Grades
Positions established by act of
July 1, 1974 (42 U.S.C. 207):
Assistant Surgeon General, $39,016'to
$54,253
Director grade, $28,916 to $49,945
Senior grade, $23,130 to $40,761
Full grade, $19,495 to $34,085
Senior assistant grade, $18,117 to $29,477....
Assistant grade, $15,796 to $21,819
Subtotal
Positions established by act of
November 16, 1977 (42 U.S.C. 201) compensation
for which is not to exceed the maximum rate
payable for a GS-18
Ungraded
T017L PERMANENT POSITIONS
Actual
1983
70
112
39
9
231
59
8,610
Current
Estimate
1984
72
114
40
9
1
236
19
64
8,731
Estimate
1985
72
114
40
9
1
236
9,426
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions By Grade
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES RESPONSE TRUST FUND
Current
Actual Estimate Estimate
1983 1984 1985
ES-5 1 2 2
ES-4 1 2 3
ES-1 12 3
Subtotal,
GS/GM-15 28 41 56
GS/GM-14 52 76 105
GS/GM-13 145 212 295
GS-12 189 277 346
GS-11 79 116 159
GS-10
GS-9 20 29 50
GS-8 8 12 ^-24
GS-7 20 29 53
GS-6 21 31 53
GS-5 18 26 44
GS-4 14 21 35
GS-3 2 3 5_
Subtotal 596 873 1,225
Positions established by act of
July 1, 1974 (42 U.S.C. 207):
Director grade, $28,916 to $49,945 22 3
Senior grade, $23,130 to $40,761 33 4
Full grade, $19,495 to $34,085 43 4
Senior assistant grade, $18,117 to $29,477... 3 3 4_
Subtotal 12 11 15
Ungraded 2 1 l_
TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS 613 891 1,249
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INJ
CO
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Permanent Positions By Grade
REIMBURSABLES
(SALARIES AND EXPENSES)
Grades
ES-5
ES-4
ES-1
Subtotal
t
GS/GM-15
GS/GM-14
GS/OM-13
GS-12
GS-11
GS-10
GS-9
GS-8
GS-7
GS-6
GS-5
GS-4
GS-3
Subtotal
Positions established by act of
July 1, 1974 (42 U.S.C. 207):
Director grade, $28,916 to $49,945
Senior grade, $23,130 to $40,761
Full grade, $19,495 to $34,085
Senior assistant grade, $18,117 to $29,477.
Subtotal
^
TOTAL PERMANENT POSITIONS
Actual
1983
5
2
3
5
8
2
11
1
3
2
42
10
'2
54
Current
Estimate
1984
5
2
3
5
8
2
10
1
3
2
41
10
2
Estimate
1985
5
2
3
5
8
2
10
1
3
2
41
53
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I
ro
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Average Employment and Salary
Current
Actuals Estimate Estimate
Appropriation/Pay Plan 1983 1984 1985
Salaries and Expenses
Average ES Salary $66,983 $68,696 $69,327
Average GS Grade 10.275 10.275 10.275
Average GS Salary $32,165 $32,987 $33,291
Average Salary of Ungraded
Positions $18,204 $18,669 $18,841
Revolving Fund
Average GS Grade 10.275 10.275 10.275
Average GS Salary $32,165 $32,987 $33,291
Superfund
Average ES Salary $62,554 $64,154 $64,743
Average GS Grade 10.914 10.914 10.914
Average GS Salary $32,479 $33,309 $33,616
Relmbursables
Average GS Grade 9.939 9.939 9.939
Average GS Salary $32,280 $33,105 $33,410
TOTAL AVERAGE
Average ES Salary $66,814 $68,523 $69,152
Average GS Grade 10.315 10.315 10.315
Average GS Salary $32,204 $33,027 $33,331
Average Salary of Ungraded
Positions $18,204 $18,669 $18,841
-------
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(In thousands of dollars)
OBJECT CLASSES
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
Actual
1983
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
Supplemental
Estimate
1985
23.2 Communications, utilities, and other rent. $134.0
25.0 Other services 76,661.0 $83,909.0 $5,500.0 $108,129.0
26.0 Supplies and materials 4.0
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 51.814.0 56.783.0 ... 56.363.0
Total obligations $128,613.0 $140,692.0 $5,500.0 $164,492.0
co EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
f1 CLASSIFICATIONS
ro
Amendment/
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Estimate Supplemental Estimate Decrease -
1983 1984 1984 1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
Communications, utilities and other rent > $134.0
There Is no change In the 1984 estimate
and no request for 1985.
Other services $76,661.0 $69,236.7 $83,909.0 $5,500.0 $108,129.0
The Increase In the 1984 current estimate
results from the foil owing: +$14,672.3
Congressional add-on to the health effects
program (+2,990.0)
Congressional add-on to air, water and hazardous
waste control technology (+5,700.0)
-------
Congressional add-on for drinking water
research
Congressional add-on for the Great Lakes program
Congressional add-on for Indoor air pollution...
Congressional add-on for dioxln and chemical
research
Congressional add-on for LIMB
Congressional add-on for air and water quality
monitoring
EPA's application of the $5,031.0 Congressional
add-on was distributed In this object class
as follows:
Hazardous waste - scientific assessments....
Interdisciplinary - exploratory research
core program
g Energy - multl-media - environmental
^ engineering and technology
The decrease In the 1984 estimate reflects an
Internal shift from contracts to grant programs
and a revised rate of obligations
The 1984 Supplemental request Is for a
National Lake Survey In the acid rain program.
The Increase In the 1985 request results
primarily from an Increase In R4D contracts In
air, water quality, hazardous waste and the
acid rain programs.
Supplies and materials.
There 1s no change 1n the 1984 estimate
and no request In 1985.
Actual
1983
Amendment/
Budget Current
Estimate Estimate Supplemental
1984 1984 1984
$4.0
(+1,000.0)
(+119.0)
(+2,000.0)
(+730.0)
(+5,000.0)
(+500.0)
(+100.0)
(+1,400.0)
(+281.0)
(-5,147.7)
Estimate
1985
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
+$5.500.0
+$24.220.0
-------
Budget
Actual Estimate
1983 1984
Grants, subsidies, and contributions ............ $51,814.0 $43,197.3
The Increase In the 1984 current estimate
results from the following:
Congressional add-on for health effects .........
Congressional add-on to air, water and
hazardous waste control technology ............
Congressional add-on for the Great Lakes
program .......................................
Congressional add-on to the National Crop Loss
Assessment Network (NCLAN) ....................
Congressional add-on for dloxln and chemical
research ......................................
Congressional add-on for drinking water aquifers
Congressional add-on for lake quality maintenance
(Add Rain) ...................................
EPA's application of the $5,031.0 Congressional
add-on was distributed In this object class as
follows:
Air health effects ..........................
Energy - acid rain ..........................
An Increase in the 1984 estimate results
primarily from a shift from grant programs to
contracts, partially offset by a revised rate
of obligations ................................
The slight decrease In the 1985 request
results from a shift to contracts Instead of
grants.
Amendment/
Current
Estimate Supplemental
1984 1984
$56,783.0
«
+$13,585.7
(+1,010.0)
(+1,300.0)
(+1 ,381 .0)
(+1,500.0)
(+1 ,270.0)
(+500.0)
(+1,000.0)
(+3,000.0)
(+250.0)
(+2,374.7)
Estimate
1985
$56,363.0
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
-$420.0
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
I
ro
CD
Object Classification
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(In thousands of dollars)
ABATEMENT, CONTROL AND COMPLIANCE
OBJECT CLASSES
Personnel Services.
Other Objects:
Actual
1983
Amendment/
Current.
Estimate
1984
Estimate
1985
$82.0
.2
17.2
71.7
$195.0
140,512.0
$195.0
152,415.0
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons
23.2 Communication, utilities, and other rent..
24.0 Printing and reproduction
25.0 Other services 136,771.7
26.0 Supplies and materials 5.9
31.0 Equipment 31.0
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions 240.364.1 249.750.0 243.389.0
Total other objects $377.190.1 $390.457.0 $395,999.0
Total obligations $377,272.1 $390,457.0 $395,999.0
EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
CLASSIFICATIONS
Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
Estimate
1985
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
Personnel services.
$82.0
There Is no change In the 1984 estimate
and no request In 1985.
-------
Amendment/
Budget Current
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate
1983 1984 1984 1985
Travel and transportation of persons ... $195.0 $195.0 $195.0
There Is no change In the 1984 estimate
or the 1985 request. This level of funding
continues to reflect the need for travel In
support of the drinking water program for
direct Implementation of the Underground
Injection Control and Public Water Systems
Supervision prograns 1n States that do not
have primacy.
Communication, utilities, and other rent $.2
There Is no change In the 1984 estimate
and no request In 1985.
GO
^ Printing and reproduction $17.2
VO
There is no change In the 1984 estimate
and no request In 1985.
Other services $136,771.7 $120,516.2 $140,512.0 $152,415.0
The Increase In the 1984 current estimate
results from the following: +$19,995.8
Congressional add-on for the Great Lakes
program (+500.0)
Congressional add-on for the hazardous waste
program (+1,000.0)
Congressional add-on for nonpoint source water
pollution control (+2,000.0)
Congressional add-on for the academic training
program (+685.0)
Congressional add-on for the dloxin study (+3,400.0)
Congressional add-on to the Chesapeake Bay
program (+1,000.0)
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
-------
Amendment/
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
Congressional add-on for air grants (+1,229.8)
Congressional add-on for drinking water
(PWSS) grants (+626.9)
EPA's application of the $15,025.0 Congressional
add-on was distributed In this object class as
follows:
Air quality and emission data analysis (+1,335.0)
Air emission standards and technical
assessment (+400.0)
Water quality effluent standards and
gu1 del 1 nes (+6,530.0)
Water quality monitoring and analysis (+610.0)
Drinking water criteria, standards and
guideli nes (+500.0)
Hazardous waste regulations, guidelines and
> policies (+4,187.5)
i> Interdisciplinary technical support - Office
0 of Enforcement and Compliance Monitoring.... (+400.0)
Toxic substances enforcement (+562.5)
Change In the rate of obligations for contracts. (-4,970.9)
The Increase in contracts in the 1985
request supports additional water criteria
standards work, pesticides registration,
stepped-up efforts in the Chesapeake Bay pro-
gram, and the flnallzatlon of data testing and
data auditing In the chemical testing programs. +$11,903.0
Supplies and materials $5.9
There 1s no change In the 1984 estimate
and no request In 1985.
-------
Amendment/
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
Equipment $31.0
There Is no change In the 1984
estimate and no request In 1985.
Grants, subsidies, and contributions $240,364.1 $174,159.8 $249,750.0 $243,389.0
Changes to this object class Include: +$75,590.2
Congressional add-on for air grants (+16,550.2)
Congressional add-on for water quality grants... (+30,200.0)
Congressional add-on for drinking water (PWSS)
grants (+5,619.1)
Congressional add-on for drinking water (UIC)
grants (+1,406.0)
Congressional add-on for hazardous waste grants. (+4,500.0)
Congressional add-on for pesticides enforcement
grants (+1,785.0)
Congressional add-on for the rural water
association (+1,900.0)
Congressional add-on for Clean Lakes program.... (+5,000.0)
Congressional add-on to the Great Lakes
program (+500.0)
Congressional add-on for wastewater treatment
operator training (+2,625.0)
Congressional add-on for the academic training
program (+815.0)
Congressional add-on to the Chesapeake Bay
program (+3,000.0)
Congressional add-on for the dloxln study (+600.0)
EPA's application of the $15,025.0 Congressional
add-on to this appropriation for toxic
substances enforcement grants (+500.0)
Change In the rate of obligations for grant
programs (+589.9)
-------
Amendment/
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
The decrease in the 1985 request primarily
reflects reduced grant levels for the training
programs, the special studies and demonstrations
program and the Clean Lakes program. -$6,361.0
CO
ro
-------
OJ
CO
---
CLASSIFICATIONS
OBJECT CLASSES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(In thousands of dollars)
SALARIES AND EXPENSES
Actual
1983
Personnel Services $363,893.4
Other Objects:
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons
22.0 Transportation of things
23.1 Standard level user charges
23.2 Communications, utilities, and other rent.
24.0 Printing and reproduction
25.0 Other services
26.0 Supplies and materials
31.0 Equipment
32.0 Lands and structures
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions
42.0 Insurance claims and Indemnities
Total other objects.
Total obligations...
AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
$382,160.0
$15,507.1
1,880.6
23,763.0
46,956.7
5,642.1
75,436.1
11,114.5
15,439.4
500.0
.5
$196,240.0
Estimate
1985
$411,694.8
$16,600.0
2,057.2
30,671.0
47,110.2
6,572.0
93,114.8
12,047.8
19,057.2
350.0
$227,580.2
$13,024.6
1,648.3
20,398.0
36,620.0
3,893.0
72,370.8
11,187.5
21,258.4
43.1
798.9
59.8
$545,195.8 $578,400.0 $639,275.0
Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
Estimate
1985
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
Personnel services $363,893.4 $350,260.9 $382,160.0 $411,694.8
-------
Amendment/
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
The Increase In the 1984 current estimate
results from the following: +$31,899.1
Transfer of $3,500.0 from the Research and
Development Appropriation to personnel
services In the Salaries and Expenses
Appropriation covering the cost of the
1984 pay raise (+3,500.0)
Congressional add-on for AWT reviews (+376.5)
Congressional add-on to the Great Lakes program
for the Grosse He laboratory (+444.0)
Congressional add-on for Office of Inspector
General (+1,347.5)
Congressional add-on for toxic chemical
activities and dloxln assessment (+1,000.0)
j£ Congressional add-on for the pesticides program. (+2,946.0)
i, Congressional add-on for the health risk
* chemical analytic work (+1,683.5)
Congressional add-on for the LIMB project (+250.0)
Congressional add-on for the Chesapeake Bay
Study (+250.0)
Congressional add-on for air and water quality
monitoring and enforcement activities (+1,000.0)
EPA's application of the $24,211.0 Congressional
add-on provided to support the additional 800
workyears (+18,787.6)
Adjustment to reflect revised salary estimates.. (+314.0)
The Increase In the 1985 request reflects the
additional personnel costs required as a result
of Increased workyears. +$29,534.8
Travel and transportation of persons $13,024.6 $14,307.1 $15,507.1 $16,600.0
The Increase 1n the 1984 current estimate
results from the following: +$1,200.0
-------
Amendment/
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
Congressional add-on for AWT reviews (+23.5)
Congressional add-on for Office of Inspector
General (+52.5)
Congressional add-on for the pesticides program. (+54.0)
Congressional add-on to the Great Lakes program
for the Grosse He laboratory (+15.0)
EPA's application of the $24,211,000 Congres-
sional add-on provided to support the addi-
tional 800 workyears (+1,055.0)
The Increase In the 1985 request reflects
the amount required to cover Increased travel
costs associated with the additional workyears. +$1,092.9
Transportation of things $1,648.3 $2,110.9 $1,880.6 $2,057.2
> Changes to this object class 1n 1984 Include: -$230.3
Congressional add-on to the Great Lakes program
for the Grosse lie laboratory (+11.0)
Adjustments to cost estimates using 1983 actual
costs as a base (-241.3)
The Increase In the 1985 request again
reflects estimates based on 1983 actual costs
and expected Increases for the shipping of
materials. +$176.6
Standard level user charges $20,398.0 $27,488.0 $23,763.0 $30,671.0
The decrease In the 1984 current estimate
reflects the reduction In rent charges as a
result of a GSA Unit on SLUC charges to no
more than 14 percent over the 1983 rates. -$3,725.0
-------
Amendment/
Budget Current
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate
1983 1984 1984 1985
The Increase In the 1985 estimate reflects
the Increase In SLUG rates from 1983 to 1985,
together with the additional costs for
Increased space reoulrements for the
Increased workyears.
Communications, utilities, and other rent $36,620.0 $44,967.7 $46,956.7 $47,110.2
Changes to this object class In 1984 Include: +$1,989.0
Congressional add-on to the Great Lakes program
for the Grosse He laboratory (+100.0)
Increased support costs associated with the
additional workyears provided by Congress (+1,889.0)
The Increase In the 1985 request reflects
a? the amount required to cover Increased costs
LO In communications and utilities.
-------
oo
*
CO
Amendment/
Budget Current
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate
1983 1984 1984 1985
Other services $72,370.8 $71,141.6 $75,436.1 $93,114.8
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
The Increase In the 1984 current estimate
results from the following:
Congressional add-on to the Great Lakes program
for the Grosse He laboratory
Congressional add-on for the health risk chemical
analytic work
Increase reflects adjustments to the 1984
estimate based on projected need for
administrative and AOP support costs
The Increase 1n the 1985 request reflects
the funds required to support the operation of
the National Computer Center due to rising demands
for ADP services as well as ADP support costs
associated with economic benefits research.
Supplies and materials $11,187.5 $11,914.8
Changes to this object class In 1984 Include:
Congressional add-on to the Great Lakes program
for the Grosse He laboratory
Congressional add-on for the health risk chemical
analytic work
Reduction reflects an adjustment based on 1983
actual costs for supplies
The Increase In the 1985 request primarily
reflects Increases for supplies and materials
In the management and support area, specifically
regional management needs and support costs
related to laboratories.
+$4.294.5
(+358.0)
(+92.5)
(+3,844.0)
+$17.678.7
$11,114.5 $12,047.8
-$800.3
(+20.0)
(+119.0)
(-939.3)
+$933.3
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CO
°°
Amendment/
Budget Current
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate
1983 1984 1984 1985
Equipment ...................... ................. $21,258.4 $11,332.0 $15,439.4 $19,057.2
Changes to this object class 1n 1984 Include: +$4,107.4
Congressional add-on to the Great Lakes program
for the Grosse He laboratory ................. (+50.0)
Congressional add-on for the health risk chemical
analytic work ................................. (+65.0)
Increase reflects the funds required for the
modernization of the Washington Distribution
Center, the telecommunications network, and
support for the nlcro-computer systems ........ (+3,992.4)
The Increase In the 1985 request reflects
major Increases In headquarters support services
with smaller Increases In water quality, pesticides
and agency management.
Lands and structures ............................ $43.1
There 1s no change In the 1984 estimate
and no request for 1985.
Grants, subsidies, and contributions ............ $798.9 $500.0 $500.0 $350.0
There Is no change In the 1984 estimate.
The decrease In the 1985 estimate primarily
reflects reduced funding for construction grant
audits 1n the Office of Inspector General.
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
+$3.617.8
-$150.0
-------
Amendment/
Budget Current Increase +
Actual Estimate Estimate Estimate Decrease -
1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 vs 1984
Insurance Claims and Indemnities $59.8 ... $.5
The Increase In the 1984 current estimate Is
associated with the regional support services
program for personal property loss. +$.5
The decrease In the 1985 estimate reflects
the absence of need in this object class. -1.5
I
CO
10
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
trt
T
J>
o
Object Classification
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(1n thousands of dollars)
BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
OBJECT CLASSES
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons.
25.0 Other services
31.0 Equ1 pment
32.0 Lands and structures
Total obligations.
EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
CLASSIFICATIONS
Travel and transportation of persons
There 1s no charge 1n the 1984 estimate.
The Increase In the 1985 estimate reflects
Increased travel needs for new facilities 1n
connection with the design and construction
of the Montgomery Ltiboratory (+$50,000) and
repairs and Improvenents (+$10,000), to address
the backlog of maintenance and repair projects
which v/ere delayed in previous years.
Actual
1983
$25.5
3,504.1
19.2
567.3
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
$40.0
360.0
3,642i6
Estimate
1985
$100.0
3,253.0
5,962!6
$4,116.1 $4,042.0
$9,315.0
Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
Estimate
1985
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
$25.5
$40.0
$40.0
$100.0
+$60.0
-------
Other services.
The decrease In the 1984 current estimate
reflects a revised carryover estimate and a
transfer of funds to the lands and structures
object class.
The Increase in the 1985 estimate reflects
the contractual support for construction of
the radiation laboratory in Montgomery, Alabama.
Equipment.
The decrease to the 1984 estimate reflects
the shift to the other services object class.
There is no change In the 1985 estimate.
Lands and structures
The Increase In the 1984 current estimate
primarily reflects Ihe shift from the other
services object class to this object class, as
well as a revised carryover estimate. Among
the projects to be funded is the installation
of a heating and coding system and electrical
supplies at our Edlron, New Jersey facility
and emergency situations at other sites.
The increase In the 1985 estimate Is pri-
marily for construction of a modern and safe
radiation laboratory in Montgomery, Alabama.
Budget
Actual Estimate
1983 1984
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
Estimate
1985
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
$3,504.1 $2,812.0
$360.0 $3,253.0
-$2,452.0
+$2,893.0
$19.2
$3.0
$567.3
$110.0
-$3.0
$3,642.0 $5,962.0
+$3.532.0
+$2.320.0
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ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Object Classification
Includes Direct Obligations Only
(in thousands of dollars)
HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE RESPONSE TRUST FUND
Amendment/
Current
Actual Estimate Supplemental
OBJECT CLASSES 1983 1984 1984
Personnel Services
Other Objects:
21.0 Travel and transportation of persons
22.0 Transportation of things
23 1 Standard level user charges
23.2 Communications, utilities, and other
24 0 Printing and reproduction
26.0 Supplies and materials
31 .0 Equipment
32.0 Land and structures
41.0 Grants, subsidies, and contributions
Total other objects
Tntal nhl 1 nat Inn <:
EXPLANATION OF INCREASES AND DECREASES TO OBJECT
$28,861.0 $44,562.0 $1,
2,600.0 3 673.0
119.0 179.0
1,459.0 2 264.0
rent. 3,503.0 3,771.0
238.0 389.0
143,521.0 319,843.0 28
1,522.0 1 850.0
4,094.0 3 864.0
13.0
41,892.0 51,257.0 18,
$198,961.0 $387,090.0 $48,
$227 822.0 $431 652 0 $50
838.0
140.0
19.0
138.0
429.0
23.0
484.0
178.0
224.0
527.0
162.0
Estimate
1985
$59,243.0
6,504.0
806.0
3,802.0
5,275.0
840.0
450,969.0
6,396.0
4,707,.-q:
103,864.0
$583,163.0
000.0 $642,406.0
CLASSIFICATIONS ' - ' '
Actual
1983
Personnel Services $28.861.
The
results
Increase in the 1984 current estimate
from the following:
Amendment/
Budget Current
Estimate Estimate Supplemental
1984 1984 1984
Increase +
Estimate Decrease -
1985 1985 vs 1984
0 $35,039.2 $44,562.0 $1,838.0 $59
+$9,522.8
,243.0
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Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
Supplemental
1984
Estimate
1985
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
Congressional add-on to cover the 10 positions
In uncontrolled waste sites research (+450.0)
Congressional add-on to cover the 10 positions
In the Inspector General's Office (+400.0)
EPA's application of the $73 million general
Increase that supports 180 additional workyears
and the $25 million Increase for feasibility
studies that supports 100 additional
workyears (+10,287.1)
Adjustment to reflect revised salary estimates.. (-1,614.3)
This Increase supports the 50 workyears
Included In the 1984 Supplemental request.
The Increase In the 1985 request Is to
support the 350 additional workyears Included
In the Superfund appropriation request.
Travel and transportation of persons $2,600.0 $2,786.0 $3,673.0
+$1.838.0
$140.0 $6,504.0
+$14,681.0
The Increase In the 1984 current estimate
results from EPA's application of the $73 million
general Congressional add-on to this appropria-
tion.
This Increase supports the travel associated
with the 50 workyears Included in the 1984
Supplemental request.
+$887.0
+$140.0
-------
Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
Supplemental
1984
Estimate
1985
The increase in travel in the 1985 request
will support increased site clean up and
stronger enforcement efforts.
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
+$2,831.0
Transportation of things.
$119.0.
$220.8
The decrease in the 1984 current estimate
'results from the following:
EPA's application of the $73 million general
Congressional add-on
Adjustments to reflect revised needs In the
hazardous substance technical enforcement
program and some smaller amounts in other
programs
$179.0
-$41.8
(+143.4)
(-185.2)
$19.0
$806.0
This Increase supports transportation costs
associated with the 1984 Supplemental request.
The Increase In the 1985 request is to
support the 350 additional workyears added to
the Superfund appropriation.
Standard level user charges $1,459.0 $1,992.0 $2,264.0
The Increase in the .1984 current estimate Is
EPA's application of the $73 million general
Congressional add-on.,;1n the Superfund appro-
priation. Additional facilities rental and
other office and building costs will be incurred . , . ,:
as a result of these add1t1ona!,workyears. +$272.0
This Increase supports additional SLUC costs
associated with the 1984 Supplemental request.
+$19.0
+$627.0
$138.0 $3,802.0
+$138.0
-------
Actual
1983
Amendment/
Budget Current
Estimate Estimate
1984 1984
The Increase In the 1985 request Is to
support the 350 additional workyears requested
for this appropriation.
Communications, utHltes and other rent ..... $3,503.0 $2,953.0 $3,771.0
The Increase 1n the 1984 current.estimate
results from the following: , _.' -
EPA's application of .the $73 million general
Congressional add-on to support the 300
additional ..workyears In the Sunerfund
appropriation. Additional facilities
rental and other office and telecommunica-
tions costs will be Incurred as a result of
the Increase In workyears
Adjustments made to this object class
This Increase supports rent and communica-
tion costs associated with the 1984 Supplemental
request.
The Increase In the 1985 request will
support the 350 additional workyears requested
for this appropriation. Additional facilities
rental, Federal telecommunications system,
utilities and office building and Information
management, sen/lets costs will be incurred as
a result of the additional workyears.
Printing and reproduction.
The;1ncrease in the 1984 current estimate is
a result of the following:
$238.0
+$818.0
(+906.2)
(-88.2)
$286.0 $389.0
+$103.0
Supplemental
1984
Increase +
Estimate Decrease -
1985 1985 vs 1984
+$1.538.0
$429.0 $5,275.0
+$429.0
+$1.504.0
$23.0
$840.0
-------
Actual
1983
Budget,
Estimate
1984
I ,'prbgraih
Amendment/
.Current
Estimate
1984
(-1-75.9)
(+27.1)
^ This Increase supports additional printing
rc'oVts associated with' the 1984 Supplemental
/ Truest1.'V ;' "'.'''
- ' The Increase 1n the 1985 request will
support printing needs associated with an
Increasing Superfund program.
' Other services $143,521.0 $172,914.0 $319,843.0
The Increase In the 1984 current estimate
results from the following:
EPA's application of the $500,000 increase for
the'Inspector General's Office.........
EPA's application of the $73 million general
increase and $25 million Increase for feasi-
bility studies added on by Congress
Increase results from a change in the rate of
obligations for* contracts which is primarily
offset by the reduction in;grant obligations.
This Increase in contracts, Included In
the 1984 Supplemental request, will Initiate
additional remedial Investigations'"for .eventual
Fund-financed response, additional designs ajid
begin construction at additional sites. Also,
contract funding will support additional ,
enforcement Investigations.
+$146.929.0
(+50.0)
(+81,968'. 9)
'. - !',.:)
(+64,910.1)
Supplemental
1984
Estimate
1985
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
+$23.0
$28,484.0 $450,969.0
+$451.0
+$28.484.0
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Actual
1983
Amendment/
Budget Current
Estimate Estimate Supplemental
1984 1984 1984
The Increase In contract funding In the
1985 estimate will support additional remedial
and enforcement action that EPA plans to be
Involved In from the National Priorities List.
Supplies and materials ......V...,....^..;.. $1,522.0 $1,115.0 $1,850.0
The Increase In the 1984 current! 'e
results from the following: .."',';
EPA's application of the $73 million general
Increase and $25 million Increase for
feasibility' studies added on by Congress. .
Rediictloj^ as the result of 1983 actual
experl e'nce ....... '.'... ;. ..' ....... .
The Increase In the 1984 current estimate
results from the following:
Congressional add-on for waste site research....
Congressional add-on for the Inspector General's
Office ;J......... J.....:.
EPA's application of the $73 million general
1ricreas£ and the $25 million increase ,for
fea's^bJl^ty^uifMs'...&Ule,d -on 'by^Cpn^resS:. .'..
Redujctl'on Jjaised'iori purrerxt riedds/;...i.i. 4»«. '.<<'
- ' " --l *. : .- '~ J * ^ .' ' ;, ! i \ ^ i.' .'!.'-:', 'J
' ''
.A
^$735.0
(+990. 4 )
; ; This Increase supports the cost of supplies
associated with the 50 workyear Increase In the
1984 Supplemental request.
;: The Increase In the 1985 request Is pri-
marily to support the 350 additional workyears
requested In the Superfund program.
Equipment $4,094.0 $2,122.0 $3,864.0
+$1,742.0
(+50.0)
(+50.0)
(+2,412.1)
(-770:1)
Increase +
Estimate Decrease -
1985 1985 vs 1984
$178.0 $6,396.0
+$178.0
$224.0 $4,707.0
+$131.126.0
+$4.546.0
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Actual
1983
Budget
Estimate
1984
Amendment/
Current
Estimate
1984
This Increase supports the equipment needs
associated with the 1984 Supplemental request.
The Increase In the 1985 request Is to
support the equipment needs associated with
the Increase In the Superfund program.
Supplemental
1984
+$224.0
Estimate
1985
Increase +
Decrease -
1985 vs 1984
+$843.0
Lands and structures.
$13.0
There 1s no change In the 1984 estimate
and no request 1n 1985.
Grants, subsidies and contributions $41,892.0 $100,442.0 $51,257.0
$18,527.0 $103,864.0
The decrease 1n the 1984 current estimate
1s a result of changes In the rate of obliga-
tions for grants which Is offset by an Increase
1n obligations In contracts.
This Increase, Included In the 1984
Supplemental request, will fund the expected
level of grant obligations for site response
actions.
The Increase 1n the 1985 request Is In
anticipation of Increased State participation
In ongoing response actions. EPA expects that
States will enter Into more cooperative agree-;
ments and will assume greater responsibility
for development and operation of their own
response programs.
-$49,185.0
+$18.527.0
+$52,607.0
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