vvEPA
            United States
            Environmental Protection
            Agency
          Office of
          Solid Waste and
          Emergency Response
DIRECTIVE NUMBER: 9437.01(34)
             TITLE:
                 Liner Design
             APPROVAL DATE: 2-7-84
             EFFECTIVE DATE:
             ORIGINATING OFFICE: Office of Solid Wasce
             0 FINAL
             D DRAFT
              STATUS:

             REFERENCE (other documents):
 OS WER     OS WER     OS WER
/Ł   DIRECTIVE   DIRECTIVE   Di

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PARTS 264 AND 265  SUBPART N - LANDFILL                       DOC:  9487.01(34)


Key Words:    Liner

Regulations:  40 CFR 265.L01(a)(I, (tl), and (III); 264.301(b)

Subject:      Liner Design

Addressee:    Thomas W. Devine, Director, Air and Waste Management Division,
              Region IV                                         .

Originator:   John H. Skinner, Director, Office of Solid Waste

Source Doc:   #9487.01(84)

Date:         2-7-84

Summary:

     An owner/operator cannot use the intragradient concept (which relies on
waste placement below the saturated, zone and subsequent ground-water flow into
the landfill) to achieve compliance with §264.301(a)(I).

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                                                              9487.01  (84)
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SCJBJSCTi  Liner Dooi-jn,  Chemical  Waste Management, Inc.,
                  Alabaa*
          John H. Sfcinner,  fi rector                                •   Ł
          Office of Solid V?**t*  (Wrt-562)                              K»
                                                                       .Gk
TO:       Thomas W. fcevine,  nj. rector                                  ^J
          Air and Waate Management  Division, Region IV             ..  c
                                                                       o
                                                                    o  >-
                                               ,    ,                C  ts
     I an writing in rosponr.o .to your January 17, 1984, zae^oranauta 0  y?
regarding tn» Headquarters  yo^itioo  on Wanto Manarje»«nt, Inc
foolle, Alabaraa liner d»*si<;n.   X'aste Wanacj'jment Inc. has chosen    a?   =
not to apply for an erxsnption  fro-i  the liner requireraenta          o   jo
(5264.301(0)) sinco they ecu 1:1 not  prevent the migration of any    ^   g
hazardous constituents  into tjrounrt  water or surface water at any   ,N»   >-»
future tine.  Inatccd thoy  h*ve attempted to show that the         i_-
intragradiont concept ra«*t3 the requirements of ^2^4.301{a).  The  ^
intrayrad icnt concept ralies en war?cs pl^.c*teflnt b«iiow tho 5aturat«d^
xona and subsequent ground-water flow into the landfill.  Th«»
•ovcpent at ground water esspritially bocones a suDatitute tor a
synthetic liner.

     Section 254.301(a) (1)  statas that tho 'liner raust bo
conatructed of nat^rials that,  prevent wastes fro« passing into
tn« iin«r...- anrt S264.301(a)( 1) {i )  states that a liner wust so
•conatructed of materials th/»t have  appropriate chemical properties
•od aufficient strength »nd thlcknegs to prevent failures...'
(4Mpha»ls added).  The  reQulJt'ory intent is that ccnpliance vith
$2<4.301(a) (1) is to be achlwid by construction oŁ a liner
rather than reliance on hydro joolo'j ic forc*»«.  (Soe also tar^s
• uch a« -placed" and •ia*t«ll<"f in  55264.301 {a)(1){ ii) and 264.301
(aHlHiii) r«sp«ctively,)
     I have, therefore, come  to the conclusion that  the
tmlio+d deaign at Baelle  i« not p<9nnis«itilo under the  curront  HCRA
lA»*d di*poaal rogulationa.  (*jr Office oi General Couna^l  concurred
in thi» finding.

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     A further concern  is Waste Management ,' Inch's raqueat for a
waiver of the requirement to maintain a n»axi»u7* one  foot  of head
in the leaehate collection and removal systen.  Th«  regulation*
do not allow a waiver of this revaL  systew that yill maintain a'maxtwum one.--
cci •• John Lehman
 1 - ' «ruca **4Al
     Ken Shunter
     Pet«r
     Terry Groqan
     'Chris Rhyne
     Mark

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