United States
               Environmental Protection
               Agency.
           Office of
           Solid Waste and
           Emergency Response
Publication 9320.7-071
February 1995
        EPA,    Descriptions  of Nine
                      Sites  Proposed  to the National
                      Priorities List  in February  1995
   Office of Emergency and Remedial Respons
   Hazardous Site Evaluation Division (5204G)
onse
Intermittent Bulletin
Volume 5, Number 1
   This document consists of descriptions of the nine sites proposed to the National Priorities List (NPL) in February 1995.
The size of the site is generally indicated, based on information available at the time the site was scored using the Hazard
Ranking System. The size may change as additional information is gathered on the sources and extent of contamination.
Sites are arranged alphabetically by site name.
CLEANING UP UNDER SUPERFUND

   The Superfund program is managed by the U.S.
Environmental  Protection  Agency  (EPA).    It  is
authorized  by  the  Comprehensive  Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA),
enacted on  December  11, 1980,  as amended by the
Superfund  Amendments  and  Reauthorization Act
(SARA), enacted on October  17, 1986.   In October
1990, SARA was extended to September 30, 1994. An
appropriation  by  Congress for  Fiscal  Year  1995
authorized Superfund  to continue to  operate.   The
Hazardous Substance Response Trust Fund set  up by
CERCLA as amended  pays the costs not assumed by
responsible parties for cleaning up hazardous waste sites
or emergencies that threaten public health, welfare, or
the environment;  Superfund also pays for overseeing •
responsible parties conducting cleanup.

   Two  types of responses may be  taken when a
hazardous substance is released  (or threatens  to be
released) into the environment:

•   •  Removal actions - emergency-type responses
      to imminent threats. SARA limits these actions
      to 1 year and/or $2 million,  with a waiver
      possible if the actions are consistent with remedial
                  responses. Removal actions can be undertaken by
                  the private parties responsible for the releases or
                  by the Federal government using the Superfund.

               •  Remedial responses -  actions  intended to
                  provide permanent solutions at uncontrolled
                  hazardous waste sites. Remedial responses are
                  generally longer-term and more expensive  than
                  removals.    A  Superfund-financed  remedial
                  response can be  taken only if a site is on the
                  NPL. EPA published the first NPL hi September
                  1983. The list must be updated at least annually.

                  EPA's goals for the Superfund program are to:

               •  Ensure that polluters pay to clean up the problems
                  they created; and

               •  Work first on the worst problems at the worst
                  sites, by making sites safe, making sites clean,
                  and  bringing new  technology to  bear on the.
                  problem.

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REMEDIAL RESPONSES
   The money for conducting a remedial response at a
hazardous waste site (and a removal action, as well) can
come from several sources:

   •   The individuals or companies responsible for the
       problems can clean up voluntarily with EPA or
       Stale supervision, or they can be forced to clean
       up by Federal or State legal action.

   •   A  State or  local  government  can choose  to
       assume the responsibility  to clean up  without
       Federal dollars.

   •   Superfund  can pay  for the' cleanup, then seek to
       recover the costs from the responsible  party or
       parties.

   A remedial response, as defined by the National Oil
and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan
(the   Federal  regulation  by  which   Superfund  is
implemented), is  an orderly process  that generally
involves the following steps:

   •   Take any measures needed to stabilize conditions,
       which  might involve,  for example, fencing the
       site  or  removing above-ground drums  or bulk
       tanks.

   •  .Undertake  initial planning activities to scope out
       a strategy for collecting information and analyzing
       alternative  cleanup approaches.

   •   Conduct a  remedial investigation to characterize
       the type and extent of contamination at the site
       and  to  assess   the  risks  posed   by  that
       contamination.

   •   Conduct a feasibility  study  to analyze various
       cleanup alternatives. The feasibility study is often
       conducted   concurrently   with   the  remedial
       investigation as one project.  Typically, the two
       together take from  18 to 24 months to complete
       and cost approximately $1.3 million.

   •   Select the cleanup alternative that:

       -   Protects human health and the environment;

       -   Complies   with  Federal   and  State
           requirements that  are applicable or relevant
           and appropriate;
      --   Uses permanent solutions  and alternative
           treatment technologies or resource recovery
           technology   to   the   maximum   extent
           practicable;

      -   Considers views .of the State and public; and

      -   Is "cost effective" -  that is, affords results
           proportional to the costs of the remedy.

   •  Design the remedy.  Typically, the design phase
      takes 6  to  12  months to complete and costs
      approximately $1.5 million.

   •,  Implement the remedy, which might involve, for
      example, constructing facilities  to treat ground
      water or removing contaminants to a safe disposal
      area away from  the site.

   EPA expects the implementation (remedial action)
phase to average out at about $25  million (plus any costs
to operate and  maintain the action)  per site, and some
remedial actions may take several years to complete.

 ,  The  State government can participate  in a remedial
response under Superfund in one of two ways:

   •  The  State  can  take  the lead role  under  a
    >  cooperative  agreement, which is  much like  a
      grant in that Federal dollars are transferred to the
      State.    The State  then  develops a workplan,
      schedule, and budget, contracts for any services
      it needs, and is responsible for making sure that
      all the conditions hi the cooperative agreement are
      met.  In contrast to a grant, EPA continues to be
      substantially involved and monitors the  State's
      progress throughout the project.

   •  EPA can take the lead under a Superfund State
      Contract, with the  State's role outlined.' EPA,
      generally using contractor support, manages work
      early in the planning process. In the later design
      and implementation phases,  contractors do the
      work under the supervision  of the U.S. Army
      Corps of Engineers.  Under both arrangements,
      the  State must  share  in  the  cost  of  the
      implementation phase of cleanup.

   CERCLA requires that EPA select the remedy.

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                    National Priorities  List Proposed Rule #18
                                   Site Summaries
                                 Table of Contents
Page        Site Name and Location

 4	Ace Services, Colby, Kansas

 5	Bay City Middlegrounds, Bay City, Michigan

 6	Gulf States Utilities-North Ryan Street, Lake Charles, Louisiana

 7	Indian Head Naval Warfare Center, Indian Head, Maryland
                                                               \

 8	, .Normandy Park, Apartments, Temple Terrace, Florida

 9	 .Old Citgo Refinery, Bossier City, Louisiana

10	Southern Shipbuilding Inc., Slidell, Louisiana

11..:	Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant, DeSoto, Kansas

12	West Site/Hows Corners, Plymouth, Maine

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&EPA
UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY	
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST       NPL
     	OERR Hazardous Site Evaluation Division  Washington. DC 20460	February 1995


                                                                                        ACE SERVICES
                                                                                         Colby, Kansas

    The Ace Services site is a former chrome plating facility, where chrome plating was applied to farm implement
    pans. The Ace Services facility operated from 1969 to 1989 and was permanently closed in March 1990. The Ace
    Services site is located on approximately 2.4. acres in the eastern part of the City of Colby, a northwestern Kansas
    agricultural community with a total population of 6,525 including college students and nearby rural residents.
    Structural features currently at the Ace Services site include the  operations buildings and a  former lagoon area.
    Residences  and commercial property surround  the site which  lies approximately 200 feet  west of an unnamed      >
    intermittent tributary to Prairie Dog Creek.  Prairie  Dog Creek is an intermittent stream approximately 2.5 miles
    northeast of the site.                     .

    Groundwater from the Ogallala Aquifer represents the sole source of municipal and private drinking water in and
    around Colby.  The Colby municipal well public water supply well no. 8, located 0.2 miles east of the Ace Services
    site, was closed in 1980 on orders from Kansas Department of Health and Environment (KDHE) due to chromium
    in the ground water at concentrations above the Federal maximum contaminant level drinking water standard for
    chromium.  An estimated 6,180 people are currently served by seven Colby municipal system supply wells.  All
    of the wells are located within a 4-mile radius of the site, and each well draws from the Ogallala Aquifer.  The
    depths of the municipal wells range from 202 to 281 feet below ground surface.

    From 1969 to 1975, chrome plating wastewater generated during operations  at the  Ace Services facility was
    discharged directly to the ground surface  immediately  west of the unnamed tributary to Prairie  Dog Creek.  A
    citizen's complaint regarding the Ace Services facility was filed with KDHE in March 1971.  Analytical data from
    samples of  the discharged wastewater collected by KDHE and EPA in 1971 and 1972 indicated the presence of
   , chromium.  In  1974  and 1975, concrete retention vats were installed at the Ace Services facility, and an evaporation
    lagoon was constructed immediately  adjacent to the facility to  receive discharged wastewater.  However,  the
    evaporation lagoon was not lined, and chromium-contaminated wastewater was allowed to contaminate the soil and
    infiltrate into the ground.  Also on site are chrome plating solutions, bulk hazardous wastes, and caustic acidic
    processing materials contained in vats and drums that were previously stored inside the Ace Services facility.

    KDHE has recommended that a remedial investigation and feasibility study be undertaken to determine what action
    should be taken to remediate the contaminated groundwater in the vicinity of the site. KDHE has also recommended
    that contaminated soils  in the  lagoon  area should be properly  remediated to  remove  a continuing source  of
    contamination.

    In 1981, Ace Services excavated approximately 2,200 cubic yards of chromium contaminated soil and sludge from
    the Ace Services lagoon area and disposed of it at the  Thomas County landfill, a municipal solid waste sanitary
    landfill.  In March 1992, KDHE removed the bulk hazardous liquid and solid wastes stored iriside the Ace Services
    facility.  Ace Services installed a recovery  well at the site in 1980, to be used to extract contaminated groundwater
    from the Ogallala Aquifer. This recovery system never became fully operational. KDHE installed three monitoring
    wells at the site in 1990.                                                         '

    EPA completed a removal action in July 1994, which consisted of removing residual contamination (mainly dusts)  -
    from the building interior, excavation of a concrete trough and the underlying soil, installation of additional building
    support columns near the trough, demolition of the wastewater treatment building, excavation of underlying soil,
    and excavation and  stabilization/treatment of lagoon soil. All waste was shipped off site for disposal, except for
    approximately 3,000 gallons of wastewater, which was treated on site and discharged to a publicly-owned treatment
    works.

    [The description of the site  (release)  is based on information available  at the time the site was scored.  The
    description may change as additional information is gathered, on the sources and extent of contamination.  See 56
    FR 5600, February  11, 1991, or subsequent FR notices.]
    Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended

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vvEPA
UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST       NPL
     	OERR Hazardous Site Evaluation Division  Washington. DC 20460	February 1995

                                                                      BAY CITY MIDDLEGROUNDS
                                                                                    Bay City, Michigan

    The Bay City Middlegrounds site occupies approximately 40 acres of land on Middlegrounds Island in the Saginaw
    River in Bay City, Michigan.  The Bay City Middlegrounds site is located at 800 Evergreen Dr. just north of Cass
    Ave.  Approximately 58,900 people live within a 4-mile radius of the site.                               '

    The Bay City Middlegrounds site is an inactive landfill and dredged sediment disposal  area owned and previously
    operated by Bay City. The landfill accepted wood, concrete and other construction and demolition debris, municipal
    and household wastes, and industrial wastes, both liquids and solids.  The  sediment disposal area consists of piles
    of sediments dredged from  the Saginaw River  and Saginaw Bay by the  U.S. Army  Corps of Engineers.  The
    sediments  in some areas of the river  and bay have been found to be contaminated with a variety  of hazardous
    substances, including pesticides and PCBs.
                                                                                           i
    The landfill contains a mixture of wastes, including construction and demolition debris, household and municipal.
    wastes, and solid and liquid industrial wastes.  There has been extensive  sampling of the soils and groundwater
    associated  with the landfill and analytical results have revealed high concentrations of PCBs in certain areas of the
    landfill. Other contaminants found at elevated  concentrations include solvents, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene,
    xylenes, polynucleic aromatics, phthalates, pesticides, and a variety of other contaminants.

    The dredged sediment piles on the north end of the site were placed on the site, dewatered, and used for other
    purposes including daily cover for the  landfill. Analytical results from the  samples collected from this source have
    revealed the presence of polynucleic aromatics, phthalates, PCBs, pesticides, and heavy metals.

    Hazardous substances from the site have contaminated the groundwater and surface water. The major threat that
    the site poses is to surface water.  Contaminated groundwater and surface runoff discharge to the Saginaw River
    and have contaminated areas which are fished as well as a small river wetland. A drinking water intake for the Bay
    municipal  system, which serves approximately 94,426 hi Bay City and the surrounding area, could potentially be
    affected by site contamination;  also  potentially affected are  more fisheries in the river as well as in the bay,y
    wetlands, Federal- and State-designated threatened  and endangered species, and a State-designated wildlife area.

    [The description of the site  (release) is based  on  information available  at the time  the site was scored.  The
    description may change as additional  information is gathered on the sources and extent of contamination. See 56
    FR 5600, February  11, 1991, or subsequent FR notices.]
    Supsrfund hazardous waste site listed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended

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x>EPA
UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST       NPL
     	OERR Hazardous Site Evaluation Division Washington. DC  20460	February 1995

                                               GULF STATES UTILITIES-NORTH  RYAN STREET
                                                                             Lake Charles, Louisiana

    The Gulf States Utilities (GSU)-North Ryan Street site service yard  is located at 303 North Ryan Street, Lake
    Charles, Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana.  The facility is situated on the east and west sides of North Ryan Street near
    the intersection of North Ryan Street and River Road.  GSU-North Ryan Street consists of the west service yard
    (west of N. Ryan St.) and the east yard (east of N.  Ryan St.) which total approximately 19 acres.

    The GSU-North Ryan Street facility has been in operation since 1926. Prior to 1926, the property was occupied
    by the Lake Charles Gas Company.   Coal gasification operations by the gas company resulted in an unknown
    quantity of coal tar which was deposited in the  adjacent wetland area.   After the property was purchased in  1926,
    GSU-North Ryan  Street began  to utilize the wetland  area,  then  encompassing  6 acres,  as  a  landfill for  waste
    materials associated with the North Ryan Street  facility's operation, such.as for the disposal of electrical poles and
    equipment, debris, appliance carcasses and miscellaneous items. According to a former employee, used transformer
    oils and transformers were routinely dumped into the landfill area.  By 1980, the landfill was filled to capacity and
    covered  with shells and soil. In  at least one area, the covering has  subsided or been breached,  and a tar seep
    covering approximately 64 square  feet  is present. This area was identified in 1988 during an inspection conducted
    by the Louisiana Department of Environmental  Quality (LDEQ).

    In September 1988, LDEQ issued a compliance order to GSU to conduct remedial activities at the GSU-North Ryan
    Street site.  Studies were conducted by GSU beginning in December 1988 and continuing through  October  1990.
    EPA conducted a site inspection (SI) at the site  which included sampling  activities during the week of October 1,
    1990 and the completion of an SI  report in September of 1992.  Samples collected during SI  field  activities from
    Calcasieu River sediments revealed that contaminants attributable to the GSU-North Ryan Street facility were being
    released to the Calcasieu River.  Specifically, the contaminants of concern to the surface water are polyaromatic
    hydrocarbons, copper, and lead.

    The Calcasieu River, a recreational fishery, is within 60 feet directly north of the GSU-North  Ryan Street facility.
    Lake Charles and  Prien Lake are  within 15 miles of the site in the Calcasieu surface water  system and are also
    recreational fisheries. Wetland areas contiguous to  surface water downstream of the site are abundant.

    The City of Lake Charles and the City of Westlake operate public ground water drinking water  supply wells located
    within 4 miles of the GSU-North Ryan  Street facility. According to EPA's SI sampling conducted in October 1990,
    public drinking water supply wells located on the GSU-North Ryan Street property and several located on adjacent
    property are not contaminated.  The public drinking water supply wells, both on site and the remainder that  are
    within 4 miles of the site, draw water  from the  Chicot  Aquifer and are screened at depths of  500 feet below land
    surface and greater. The total estimated user population for the portion of the City of Lake Charles drinking water
    supply system potentially affected by the site is 56,120 and for the Westlake system is 4,988.

    [The description of the  site (release)  is based on information  available at the time the site was scored.   The
    description may change  as additional information is gathered on the sources and extent of contamination.  See 56
    FR 5600, February 11,  1991, or subsequent FR notices.]
    Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended   p    A

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s>EPA
UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY	
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST      NPL
     	OERR Hazardous Site Evaluation Division Washington. DC 20460 .	;	February 1995

                                        INDIAN HEAD NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER
                                                                               Indian Head,  Maryland

    The Naval Surface Warfare Center, Indian Head Division (NSWC), formerly known-as the Naval Ordnance Station,
    Indian  Head, is located in  southern Maryland on the Indian Head Peninsula. It is bounded on the  south by
    Mattawoman Creek, on the  west and north by the Potomac River,  and on the east by the town of Indian Head.
    NSWC, which occupies approximately 3,400 acres, was established in 1890 as the Naval Proving Ground, with the
    mission of conducting proof and acceptance testing of munitions. The  facility's mission was expanded to include
    the manufacture and testing  of explosives and propellants; it later was known as the Naval Powder Factory (1932
    to 1949) and the Naval Propellent Plant (1958 to 1965).  In 1966, the facility was designated as the Naval Ordnance
    Station. Over its  100-year history of operations,  the facility has manufactured a variety of munitions chemicals.
    The chemicals include smokeless powder, ammonium picrate, nitroglycerine, nitrocellulose, and nitroguanidine, as
    well as sulfuric and nitric acids used in the manufacture of chemicals.

    Manufacturing, testing, loading, and assembly operations at the site have generated a variety of explosive, reactive,   .
    and hazardous wastes.  Hazardous wastes generated from facility operations were routinely dumped into pits and
    landfills on the facility  or burned in open burning grounds.  Industrial wastewaters  were routinely discharged to
    septic systems and to open ditches and storm sewers that empty directly into surrounding bodies of water.

    Over a period of  11  years,  in six separate  investigations, more than  100 contaminated  source areas  have  been
    identified at the NSWC." Only  30 of those areas have been investigated in sufficient  detail to be evaluated for
    CERCLA eligibility.  The 30 sources generally fall into six categories:  (1) releases of mercury from the testing of
    nitroglycerine and the production of oxidizers; (2) releases of silver from x-ray processes and from the production
    of acetal formal (a component of propellants); (3) solvent spill and  disposal areas; (4) open burning grounds used
    for the disposal of explosives and solvents; (5) land disposal units and storage units that received hazardous wastes;
    and (6) discharges of industrial process wastewaters containing hazardous constituents.  Only eight sources, those
    associated with the release of mercury, have been evaluated under the  HRS.

    The eight sources are located in two clusters, approximately 5,700 feet apart, in the Explosive Process building,
    the Biazzi Plant, and six laboratory buildings. One of the sources involved the production of hydrazide nitroformate
    (an  oxidizer used  in propellants).  Over a period  of 8 years, waste  mercuric nitrate,  dissolved  in nitric acid, was
    poured from 55-gallon drums into an unlined 6-by-4-foot bed of limestone chips located along  the west bank of a
    drainage ditch behind the laboratory. The other seven sources consist of mercury releases  attributed to procedures
    used in purity analysis of nitroglycerine.  The releases were the result of more than 80 years of routine spilling of
    liquid mercury during nitrate-ester analysis of explosives manufactured at the facility.  During the analyses, mercury
    commonly was spilled on the floor and into floor drams; nitrometer bulbs occasionally exploded;  mercury vessels
    often were broken; during the rinsing step, mercury was washed out of the vessels and into sink drams.

    Releases to surface water have been documented at all seven of the laboratories that conducted nitrate-ester analysis.
    Sink and floor drains that routinely received spills elemental mercury, are connected to  septic systems, sanitary
    sewers, and storm sewers that discharge to open ditches leading to nearby Mattawoman Creek. Mattawoman Creek
    converges with the Potomac River. Mattawoman Creek and the Potomac" River both provide habitats for several
    endangered marine and wetland species,  including the bald eagle. Both Mattawoman and the Potomac are used for
    commercial fishing, harvesting of shellfish,  and recreation.

    Numerous private wells in the area draw from shallow groundwater, which may be contaminated from site activities.

    [The description of the site (release) is based on information available at the  time the site  was scored.  The
    description may change as additional information is gathered on the sources and extent of contamination. See 56
    FR 5600,  February 11, 1991, or subsequent FR notices.]
    Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended   Revised

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&EPA
UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY	•
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST      NPL
    .	OERR Hazardous Site Evaluation Division  Washington, DC 20460	February 1995
                                                               NORMANDY PARK APARTMENTS
                                                                            Temple Terrace, Florida

    The Normandy Park Apartments site is located at 11110 North 56th Street.  From the early 1950s until 1963,  Gulf
    Coast Recycling. Inc.  (Gulf Coast) operated a battery breaking and lead smelting facility at the site location.  Gulf
    Coast ceased operations in 1963 and demolished onsite buildings that same year.  This property was then used as
    an open dump until approximately 1968 when Gulf Coast built  the Normandy Park Apartments.  The site has no
    RCRA  status.

    The apartments occupy approximately 8.25 acres consisting of a northern adult section and a larger southern family
    section. On site there are ,12 residential buildings, tennis courts, a playground, two swimming pools, and an office
    building.  Approximately 283 residents live in the apartment complex.

    In January to February  1992,  Gulf Coast collected soil samples  and  groundwater samples from both onsite
    temporary wells and  permanent monitoring  wells completed in the surficial  aquifer.   Analyses revealed  high
    concentrations of lead both at and below the soil surface and elevated concentrations of lead in groundwater.
                                                        -                .        •                               /

    In February 1992, EPA conducted a sampling investigation and found lead in the soil. Further EPA sampling in
    March  to April 1992 also found elevated lead  concentrations in 12 of the 15 soil samples collected and in the
    groundwater.

    In March 1992, Gulf Coast conducted a second  sampling investigation which included the collection of 110 onsite
    surface soil samples.  Analyses  of these soil samples revealed that contaminated soil exists within 200 feet of all
    onsite apartment buildings and recreational areas.

    In June 1992, EPA and Gulf Coast entered into an Administrative Order on Consent.  EPA required Gulf Coast
    to isolate areas where total lead concentrations exceeded 500 to 1000 ppm.  Two portions of the  northern section
    of the site have been  capped with a liner and 4 inches of concrete:  Gulf Coast plans to cap the entire southern
    section of the site with a liner and 4 inches of concrete.

    In the Temple Terrace area, the two major sources of groundwater are the surficial aquifer and the  underlying  karst
    Floridian Aquifer system. Approximately 59,050 persons obtain drinking water from wells completed in the Upper
    Floridan Aquifer within 4 miles of the site. The nearest municipal well used for obtaining drinking water is located
    0.14 mile east of the site.

    [The description of the site (release) is based on information available at the time the site was scored.  The
    description may change as additional information is gathered on the sources and extent of contamination.  See 56
    FR 5600, February 11, 1991, or subsequent  FR notices.]
     Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended

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&EPA
UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST       NPL
     	OERR Hazardous Site Evaluation Division Washington. DC 20460	;	February 1995

                                                          OLD CITGO REFINERY (BOSSIER CITY)
                                                                              Bossier  City, Louisiana

    The Old CITGO Refinery (Bossier City) site is located in downtown Bossier City, Louisiana, about 2 miles east
    of downtown Shreveport and 1,800 feet north of the Red River.  The former refinery site consisted of about 215
    acres in Bossier City, Bossier Parish, Louisiana.  Historically, the site has been divided between north and south
    by present-day Old Minden Road. U.S. Highway 71 (Barksdale Boulevard) and Louisiana State Highway 72 (Old
    Minden Road) intersect in the middle of the refinery.. The site is bordered on the north by the Illinois Central Gulf
    Rail Lines railroad and on the south by Kansas City Southern railroad.

    In 1923, Louisiana Oil Refining Corporation built the refinery for the production of home heating and fuel oils.
    The 215-acre site consisted of a 120-acre bulk storage area located north of Old Minden Road and a 95-acre refinery
    process area located to the south. Arkansas Fuel Oil Corporation acquired the refinery in 1936 and operated it until
    1948 when the refinery operations were shut down and process equipment  was dismantled.  Between 1948 and the
    early 1960s, petroleum storage  tanks were still in use.  In  1957, Cities Services Companies (CSC) merged with
    Arkansas Fuel Oil Corporation and assumed responsibility ^or the site. In 1966 and 1967, the site was cleared for
    development.  From 1968 to the present, the site  has been fully developed.

    Private residences and commercial and light industrial establishments now cover a  large portion of the former
    refinery site.  The northwest corner of the site contains a single-family residential development, several apartment
    complexes, and commercial establishments.   The northeastern portion of the site contains the largest plot of
    undeveloped land within the Old CITGO Refinery site boundaries and several commercial establishments.  The
    southern portion of the  site is covered by several  large apartment  complexes, other residential areas (mainly
    townhouses and single-family homes), and several commercial establishments, including two hotels.

    Area residents have complained about  strong odors associated with the site.  In 1990, 47 families were evacuated
    from the  Alexis Park Apartments because high concentrations of methane and other  organic compounds were
    detected in indoor air samples.  Some Bossier City residents claimed to have encountered evidence of the refinery,
    including black-stained soil and black, viscous sludges, in their yards and driveways.

    Extensive research on the Old CITGO Refinery site has been completed to document site history and operations and
    to determine the presence of hazardous substances in the subsurface soil.  The site has been inspected by the EPA
    Emergency Response Branch, the Louisiana Department of  Environmental Quality (LDEQ),  and CSC.  Analyses
    of subsurface soil samples collected on site revealed elevated levels of heavy metals and organic contaminants.  In
    February  1988, EPA referred the site to LDEQ  for any action under State authority.  The site has been under
    investigation by OXY-U.S.A., Inc. who acquired CSC.  The investigation includes collecting soil, surface water,
    and groundwater samples and analyzing them for hazardous substances associated with the former refinery facility.

    In September 1992,>EPA conducted an expanded  site inspection. High levels of lead and mercury were detected
    in surface soil  samples collected throughout the site. Contamination was consistently  detected along  the bayou
    impoundments located north of Old Minden Road (North Impoundments) and throughout the refinery process area
    south of Old Minden Road. The North Impoundments were used to  treat oil-contaminated wastewater generated
    during crude oil drilling and storage activities. Other wastewater treatment units, such as hot ponds, spray ponds,
    and impoundments, were located in the refinery process area. The area is  densely populated, and people could be
    exposed to soils contaminated with lead and mercury.
                                                                                                 /
    [The description of the site (release)  is based on information available  at  the time the site was scored.  The
    description may change as additional information is gathered on the sources and extent  of contamination.  See 56
    FR 5600, February 11,  1991, or subsequent FR notices.]
    Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended   ^—.,

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vvEPA
UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY	
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST       NPL
     	OERR Hazardous Site Evaluation Division  Washington. DC 20460	February 1995

                                                                 SOUTHERN SHIPBUILDING INC.
                                                                       /
                                                                                   Slidell, Louisiana

    The Southern Shipbuilding Inc. site is located in Slidell, St. Tammany Parish, Louisiana, on approximately 54
    acres of wooded land at 999 Canulette Road.  The site is adjacent to Bayou Bonfouca, approximately one-half
    mile downstream of U.S.  Highway 433 bridge and approximately 1.8 miles downstream of the Bayou Bonfouca
    NPL site.  The site is bordered to the north and west by Bayou Bonfouca, .to the east by wooded acreage, and to
    the south by a residential  community of Slidell.  The City of Slidell has a population of approximately 27,000.

    Barge/ship manufacturing and repair activities were conducted at  the site from 1919  to August 1993.  Canulette
    Shipbuilding owned the site from 1919 until 1954, when it was sold to J&S Shipbuilding.  The site was then
    sold to the current owner, Southern Shipbuilding  Corporation, in 1957. Gas-freeing and barge cleaning
    operations  were conducted at the site from approximately 1919 to 1971 and the wastes were disposed of in two
    surface impoundments (designated as the North and South Impoundments). A smaller overflow impoundment is
    located between the North and South Impoundments and was created from a topographic low spot that
    continually received oily waste from a leaking pipe connecting the North and South  Impoundments.  Water from
    the North Impoundment was piped to the South Impoundment.  As  effluent rose in the South Impoundment, it
    was channeled through  an overflow pipe into the  first of seven baffle ponds that allowed for gravity  filtration of
    wastes until effluent from the  seventh baffle pond discharged to Bayou Bonfouca.
                                                                '   ;
    Discharge of pond effluent and sanitary wastewater into Bayou Bonfouca was initially regulated under a
    National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System  (NPDES) permit starting in March 1978.  This permit was
    terminated in September 1984, when the company reported that it no longer discharged into Bayou Bonfouca.
    EPA reissued the NPDES permit in October 1987; it expired in October 1992.

    The Southern Shipbuilding site was brought to the attention of EPA by Louisiana Department of Environmental
    Quality (LDEQ) in July 1985. EPA completed a preliminary assessment in November 1987.  EPA developed a
    sampling plan and referred the site to LDEQ. LDEQ sampled the surface impoundments and the sediments of
    Bayou Bonfouca in November and December 1992.  Results indicated the presence of polynuclear aromatic
    hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the impoundments and in bayou sediments. EPA performed additional sampling as part
    of a site inspection in August  1993.  The analytical results from the SI confirmed the presence of PAHs in the .
    impoundments  and in sediments from Bayou Bonfouca.

    Known sources of contamination are the North and South Impoundments and the overflow pond.  The baffle
    system ponds may also be sources.

    Surface water is the major pathway of concern. Chemical analyses  of a sediment sample in the bayou indicated
    the presence of numerous PAHs.  Bayou Bonfouca is a fishery and  is used for recreation.  Additionally, an
    abundance of contiguous wetland areas and numerous sensitive environments lie along the banks of Bayou
    Bonfouca and downstream waterways.  These sensitive environments are habitats for several endangered
    species—the bald eagle, the peregrine falcon, the.brown pelican—and a threatened species, the Gulf of Mexico
    sturgeon..

    [The description of the site  (release) is based on  information available at the time the site was scored.  The
    description may change as additional information is gathered on the sources and extent of contamination.  See
    56 FR 5600, February  M, 1991, ,or subsequent FR notices.]
    Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended

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&EPA
UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY	
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST       NPL
     	OERR Hazardous Site Evaluation Division Washington. DC 20460	February 1995

                                                     SUNFLOWER ARMY AMMUNITION PLANT
                                                                                      DeSoto, Kansas

    The Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant is a Government-owned, contractor-operated military installation, currently
    operated by Hercules, Inc.   The installation began operations in 1942.  The primary operational mission of the
    installation was to manufacture smokeless powder and single-, double-, and triple-base propellants.  Additional
    facility operations included manufacture/regeneration of nitric and sulfuric acids and munitions proving. Since 1971,
    the majority of the installation has been in a standby, inactive status.  As of 1989, the nitroguanidine production
    area was in operation.   The majority .of the industrial infrastructure remains at the site.  The 9,065-acre site is
    located in a sparsely populated rural area.  Land use in the vicinity is primarily agricultural.  The site is situated
    on a broad ridge, with most of the installation lying between two perennial streams—Captain Creek on the west and
    Kill Creek on the east.

    Potential  sources of contamination  at the site  include  production line  areas,  magazine  storage areas, and
    approximately 70 solid  waste management units (SWMUs).  The SWMUs are comprised of a diverse group of
    sources, including surface impoundments, ditches, sumps, projectile ranges, burning grounds, and landfills. Based
    on availability of analytical data, a total of five surface impoundment SWMUs were selected as hazardous substance
    sources for the HRS evaluation: Pond A, Pond B, Ponds 3A/3B,  Ponds 4A/4B, and Ponds 5A/5B.  Each of these
    five surface impoundments (also known as settling/blender ponds) was designed to receive waste material generated
    during munitions manufacturing processes at the site. Therefore, all five of the sources are associated with the same
    operational mission.

    Analytical data associated with numerous past sampling events, particularly the 1988 remedial investigation (RI),
    have indicated the presence of a wide range of hazardous substances at the site. The primary types of hazardous
    substances detected at the site are inorganic compounds and explosives/nitrated compounds.  Samples of surface
    water and sediment collected during the RI from  Kill Creek downstream  of the site  revealed elevated levels of
    mercury and arsenic.  People fish in Kill Creek downstream  of the site. Kill Creek is also a habitat used by an
    endangered fish species, the pallid sturgeon, and a State-designated threatened species, the flathead chub.

    The 1988 SI and a 1987 groundwater contamination survey conducted by the U.S. Army Environmental Hygiene
    Agency (AEHA) indicate that sources at the Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant facility have released hazardous
    substances to the groundwater.

    In addition to periodic investigations initiated by AEHA and the U.S. Army Toxic and Hazardous Materials Agency,
    the Sunflower Army Ammunition Plant facility has been subject to periodic RCRA activities, including groundwater
    monitoring assessments, an operation and maintenance inspection, a comprehensive monitoring evaluation, and a
    RCRA facility assessment.  Throughout the operational history of the facility, various liquid discharges have been
    permitted under the National Pollutant  Discharge Elimination System.

    In 1971, an accidental release of ammonia to Kill Creek resulted in a fish kill, and EPA levied a fine against the
    facility.                                                              .

    [The description  of the site (release)  is based on  information available at the time the  site was scored.  The
    description may change as additional information is gathered on the sources and extent of contamination.  See 56
    FR 5600, February 11,  1991, or subsequent FR notices.]
    Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended

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&EPA
UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
AGENCY	
NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST       NPL
     	OERR Hazardous Site Evaluation Division Washington. DC 20460	February 1995

                                                                     WEST SITE/HOWS CORNERS
                                                                                     Plymouth, Maine

   The West Site/Hows Comers site encompasses 2 acres of a 17-acre wooded lot on Campbell Road in Plymouth,
   Penobscot County, Maine (near Hows Corners). The site consists of a partially grassy clearing, approximately 150
   by  200  feet, with  occasional bedrock outcroppings that trend north-south.  The site is situated on a moderate
   geographic high in an area that is otherwise of low relief.  The site is currently inactive and there are no buildings
   or other structures.

   The Town of Plymouth assumed title to the West Site/Hows Comers property hi 1992 as a result of delinquent
   taxes. The former owner-operator, George R. West, Jr., operated the site as a waste oil storage and transfer facility
   from 1965 to 1980 in affiliation with the Portland/Bangor Waste Oil Company (PBWO). Waste oil, delivered by
   PBWO  tank trucks, was stored on site in approximately eight  1,000-20,000 gallon storage tanks.

   PBWO 'collected, transported, and deposited on the West Site/Hows Corners site unknown quantities of waste oil
   from military bases, auto dealerships,  municipalities, local garages, bulk transportation companies, industries, and
   utility companies.  Oil was stored in tanks and separated by density, the light oils rising to the top and the heavier
   oils and,sludges settling to the bottom.   The company then decanted the lighter oil which was sold for fuel; the
   heavier  oils were sold for dust control on dirt roads.                                        .     •   '

   PBWO company records indicate that  the waste stored on the site was predominantly composed of used motor oils
   and industrial lubricating oil;  however, because of the varied types of facilities contributing waste, the exact
   constituents of the oils  are unknown.  In 1980, PBWO ceased operations at the site. Subsequently PBWO cut up
   the tanks on site and sold them to a scrap metal dealer. No waste oil activities are known to have taken place after
   the tanks were removed.

   The only waste source on the site in 1988, when EPA performed a site inspection, was contaminated soil because
   the aboveground storage tanks were removed in 1980.  In 1990-1991, EPA removed 847.37 tons of contaminated
   soil from the center of the site, approximately 100 feet by 50 feet, and disposed of it at a licensed TSCA facility.
   The soil was primarily  contaminated with PCBs and chlorinated organic compounds.

   The source of the PCBs on the site is unknown; however, it is assumed that they were deposited on the site as a
   constituent of the  waste oil. PBWO clients included electric utilities and  Department of Defense installations that
   used transformers containing dielectric oils, which  are possible sources of PCBs.

   Thirteen residential well water supplies serving 43 people have been contaminated with chlorinated compounds
   above a health-based benchmark.  Contaminants attributable  to releases from the West Site/Hows Corners site
   include  tetrachloroethene,  1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethene, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethene, and
    1,2-dichloroethene. These contaminants have been detected hi private supply wells near the site and in monitoring
   wells on  the site.  In addition groundwater samples collected from onsite monitoring  wells contain elevated
   concentrations of other volatile compounds and PCBs.

   The site  is surrounded by  a chain link fence  which  was  partially installed  by  the  Maine  Department of
   Environmental Protection hi 1988 and completed by EPA hi 1990.

   {The description of the site  (release) is based on information available at the time the site was scored.  The
   description may change as additional information is gathered on the sources and extent of contamination.  See 56
   FR 5600,  February 11, 1991, or subsequent FR notices.]                               i
    Superfund hazardous waste site listed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) as amended

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