PUGET SOUND 305-A REPORT
Report Number: EPA 910/7-7^-001
SURVEILLANCE AND ANALYSIS DIVISION
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
REGION X
Seattle, Washington
October, 1971*
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Summary
I. General Section
A. Report Organization • p. 2
B. Puget Sound Hydroynamics p. 13
C. Major Point Source Inventory
Municipal p. 31
Industrial p. 32
D. Monitoring Scheme . p. 33
*
II. Water Quality Status
A. Tributary Basins
1. Cedar-Sammish River Basin p. 35
a) Lake Union & Ship Canal p. 1*0
b) Ship Canal Mid Channel p. 1*5
c) Sammamish River p. 1*9
2.' Deschutes River Basin p. 56
3. Dungeness-Elwah River Basin p. 68
''. . 1*. Duvamish-Green River Basin . VP« 79
5. Nisqually River Basin p.. 91
6. Nooksack River Basin p.103
7. Puyallup River Basin p.ll6
a)White River p. 128
8. Skagit River Basin p. 138
9- Skokomish, Hamma Hatnma, Duckabush, p. 151
and Dosewallips River Basins
10. Snohomish River Basin p.l63
a) Snoqualmie River p. 167
4 b) Snohomish River p.177
11. Stillaguamish River Basin p.l85
a) Stillaguamish River p.l89
b) North Fork Stillaguamish p.197
B. Marine Water Basins
1. Strait of Juan de Fuca Basin p.208
2. San Juan Island Basin p.215
3. Admirality Inlet Basin p.221
1*. North Sound Basin p.230
5. Whidbey Basin p.2l*l
6. Main Puget Sound Basin • p.273
7- Hood Canal Basin p.286
8. Southern Puget Sound Basin p.302
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III.. Waste Sources
Municipal & Industrial Point Source Loading
Comparison & Contributions p.313.;
A. Point Source Inventory
1. Fresh Water
a) Municipal Point Source Loading p.315
b) Industrial Point Source Loading . p.3l8
' 2. Marine Water
a) Municipal Point Source Loading p. 32^
b) Industrial Point Source Loading p.328
c) Industrial & Municipal Heavy Metals Point p.335
Source Loading
B. Non-Point Source Inventory p.338
IV. Progress Towards Water Quality Goals
A. Load Reduction Table
B. Water Quality Trends (Fresh Water)
1. Cedar-Sammamish River Basin p.339
2. Deschutes River Basin p^3^7
a) Deschutes River near Ranier . p.3^9
b). Deschutes River near Olympia . p.357
3- Duwamish-Green River Basin p.365
h. Nisqually River Basin p.371
5. Nooksack River Basin p.379
6. Puyallup River Basin p.389
7. Skagit River Basin ' p.397
8. Snohomish River Basin p.U05
9. Stillaguamish River Basin
C. Water Quality Trends (Marine Water)
1. Straight of Juan de Fuca Basin
2^. North Sound Basin p.^30
3. Whidbey Basin
k. Main Puget Sound Basin
D. Temperature, D.O. , Phosphorus trends in
Puget Sound
E. Anticipated Water Quality Improvements
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SUMMARY
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PUGET SOUND 305-A SUMMARY
FRESH WATER
A. Water Quality Status
Each fresh water basin is summarized in the "Water Quality
Status" Section of this report.
B. Basin Trends
1. Cedar-Sammamish River Basin
Ship Canal Mid Channel:
(a) Temperature values continue to exceed the Class A
Standard regularly during late summer months, (pp. 341)
(b) Dissolved oxygen values continue to exceed the Class A
Standard; however, some improvement is apparent, (pp. 342)
(c) Total Coliform bacteria concentrations exhibit a de-
creasing trend with the Class A Standard however, being
frequently exceeded particularly during the periods of
high flow, (pp.343)
Sammamish River at Mouth:
(a) Temperature values continue to exceed the Class A
Standard regularly during summer months, (pp. 344)
(b) Total Phosphorus values continue to exceed the Limiting
Algal Growth Concentration throughout most of the year.
(pp. 346)
2. Deschutes River Basin
Deschutes River near Rainier:
(a) There are no dissolved oxygen violations, (pp. 353)
(b) Total Nitrate values indicate an increasing trend through-
out most of the year causing the Limiting Algal Growth
Concentration to be exceeded during periods of high flow.
(pp. 355)
(c) A decreasing trend for dissolved Ortho-Phosphorus values
is exhibited with the Limiting Algal Growth Concentration
continuing to be exceeded throughout much of the year but
on a less frequent basis, (pp. 356)
3. Duwamish - Green River Basin
Duwamish River at Mouth:
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(a) Total-Phosphorus values continue to exceed the Limiting
Algal Growth Concentration throughout the entire year.
(pp. 369)
(b) Total-Coliform concentrations continue to violate the
Class B Standard. A significant decrease in the number
and magnitude of violations however is due to closure of
both the METRO diagonal treatment plant (Oct. 69) and
diversion of the Elliot Bay Outfall (Sep. 70). (pp. 370)
4. Nisqually River Basin
(a) pH values during December have increased and presently
meet the Class A water quality standard criteria, (pp. 377)
(b) Total Nitrate values exhibit an increasing trend causing
the Limiting Algal Bloom Concentration to be exceeded during
periods of high flow. (pp. 378)
5. Nooksack River Basin
Nooksack River at Ferndale: •
(a) Total Nitrate values indicate the possibility of a minimal
increasing trend causing the Limiting Algal Bloom Concen-
tration to be exceeded during periods of high flow. (pp. 386)
(b) Dissolved Ortho-Phosphorus.values-continue.to_exceed .the
Limiting Algal Bloom Concentration throughout the year.
(pp. 387)
(c) Total Coliform bacteria concentrations continue to exceed
the Class A Standard throughout the year. (pp. 388)
6. Puyallup River Basin
Puyallup River at Puyallup:
(a) Present dissolved oxygen levels appear to show an im-
provement over 10 years previous levels, (pp. 394)
(b) Total Nitrate values indicate the possibility of a minimal
increasing trend causing the Limiting Algal Growth Concen-
tration to be exceeded during months of high flow. (pp. 396)
7. Skaqit River Basin
Skagit River at Mt. Vernon
(a) Total Nitrate values exhibit a trend increase while values
are below the Limiting Algal Growth Concentration. Due to
a lack of data, trends for Total-Phosphorus and Total Coli-
form cannot be determined, (pp. 403)
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8. Snohomish River Basin
Snohoniish River at Snohomish:
(a) Dissolved Oxygen values exhibit a minimal increasing
trend. There are no violations of the Class A Stan-
dards, (pp. 410)
(b) Total Nitrate values indicate the possibility of a minimal
increasing trend with the Limiting Algal Growth Concen-
tration continuing to be exceeded during periods of high
flow. (pp. 412)
(c) Dissolved Ortho-Phosphorus values continue to exceed the
Limiting Algal Growth Concentration throughout much of
the year. (pp. 413)
(d) Total Coliform bacteria concentrations continue to violate
the Class A Standard throughout the year. (pp. 414)
9. Stillaguamish River Basin
Stillaguamish River near Silvana:
(a) Temperature values continue to exceed the Class A Standard
during the month of August, (pp. 418)
(b) A decreasing trend in turbidity values is indicated, parti-
cularjy_durjjig-periods-of- high-flow.-(pp^-41.9:)-
(c) Dissolved Oxygen values exhibit a minimal increasing trend.
There are no violations of the Class A Standards, (pp. 420)
(d) Total Nitrate values indicate an increasing trend causing
the Limiting Algal Growth Concentration to be exceeded
particularly during periods of high flow. (pp. 423)
(e) Dissolved Ortho-Phosphorus values continue to exceed the
Limiting Algal Growth Concentration throughout much of the
year while possibly exhibiting a decreasing trend, (pp. 424)
(f) Total Coliform values continue to exceed the Class A
Standard throughout much of the year, while exhibiting an
increasing trend, (pp. 425)
II. MARINE WATER
A. Water Quality Status
1. Strait of Juan De Fuca Basin
Pillar Point Station JDF114:
(a) Sub-Standard Dissolved Oxygen values, due to dense low
oxygenated oceanic water entering the strait from its
westerly entrance, appear particularly from June through
November, (pp. 213)
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New Dungeness Station JDF141:
(a) Substandard dissolved oxygen values appear due to the same
naturally occuring hydrodynamic process as mentioned for
Station Juan De Fuca 114, from early Summer through late
Fall. (pp. 214)
2. San Juan Island Basin
Rosario Strait Station RSR835:
(a) Substandard dissolved oxygen values appear from early
Summer to late Fall due to deep water from the Strait of
Juan De Fuca intruding into this area. (pp. 220)
3. Admiralty Inlet Basin
Admiralty Inlet Station ADM202:
(a) Substandard dissolved oxygen values appear at all depths
from July to November, responding to an influx of dense
low oxygenated water from the Strait of Juan De Fuca. (pp.
226)
Admiralty Inlet Station ADM001:
(a) Substandard surface dissolved oxygen levels appear in Septem-
:-ber and-October,-(-pp.--227)
Ob) Sulfite Waste Liquor (SWL) values occasionally exceed those
surface concentrations which are considered injurious to
juvenile forms of fish and shell fish (10-12 mg/1). The
primary source of SWL are pulp and paper mills using the
Sulfite process, (pp. 229)
4. North Sound Basin
Bellingham - Samish Bay plot:
(a) Primarily surface values of Sulfite Waste Liquor (SWL)
exceed those concentrations which are considered injurious
to juvenile forms of fish and shell fish (10-12 mg/1) due to
discharge from Georgia-Pacific Corporation. Maximum concen-
trations are found in the rear of Bellingham Bay and decline
as Samish Bay is approached, (pp. 240)
(b) Dissolved oxygen values occasionally violate the Class A
Standard particularly in the rear of Bellingham Bay due
partially to discharges from Georgia-Pacific Corporation.
5. Whidbey Basin
Possession Sound to Deception Pass:
(a) Substandard dissolved oxygen values appear at depth from
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the northern end of Possession Sound to Skagit Bay, parti-
cularly during periods of low river discharge, (pp. 250-60)
Port Susan and Possession Sound:
(a) Substandard dissolved oxygen values appear occasionally near
the surface at Station PSS602, and continue to do so in-
creasingly with depth as the head of Port Susan is approached.
(pp. 262-265)
Port Gardner Bay at Weyerhauser Dock:
(a) Surface values of Sulfite Waste Liquor exceed those concen-
trations injurious to juvenile forms of fish and shell fish
(10-12 mg/1) throughout the year due to discharges from the
sulfite paper mills in Everett, (pp. 271)
(b) Total Coliform values violate the Class C Standard throughout
much of the year. (pp. 272)
Puget Sound Main Basin
METRO Station 101 (Richmond Beach Offshore):
(a) Substandard dissolved oxygen values appear from August
through November throughout nearly the entire water column.
-(-pp.-280)
METRO Station 115 (Carkeek Park Offshore):
(a) Substandard dissolved oxygen values appear throughout the
entire water column from September through October (pp.281)
METRO Station 130 (West Point Offshore):
(a) Substandard dissolved oxygen values appear from August
through November occasionally at the surface with increasing
frequency at greater depths, (pp. 283)
METRO Station 160 (Alki Point Offshore):
(a) Substandard dissolved oxygen values appear in August and
September with increasing frequency at greater depths.
(pp. 285)
Hood Canal Basin
Dabob Bay:
(a) Dissolved oxygen percent saturation values fall below the
suggested water quality indicator value for Class AA waters
(85%). This occurs particularly at depth due to natural
hydrodynamic processes which limits flushing activity in
this region, (pp. 297-8)
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Lynch Cove:
(a) Dissolved Oxygen percent saturation values fall below
the suggested water quality indicator value for Class AA
waters (85%) throughout the entire year at depth with
surface values occasionally exceeding this indicator.
(pp. 297-8)
Hood Canal Proper:
(a) Dissolved Oxygen percent saturation values generally meet
or exceed the suggested 85% quality indicator in the upper-
most 20 feet of the water column while at greater depth,
the suggested quality indicator value is rarely met or
exceeded, (pp. 297-8)
8. Southern Puget Sound
Case Inlet:
(a) Particularly at depths greater than 200 feet, dissolved
oxygen percent saturation values generally fall below the
suggested Class A water quality indicator (75%). The
water column above the 200 foot depth generally meets or
exceeds the quality indicator, (pp. 310)
B. Water Quality Trends
1. Strait of Juan De Fuca Basin
Port Angeles Harbor at Rayonier Pier:
(a) Sulfite Waste Liquor concentrations exhibit a substantial
decreasing trend as a waste product from the ITT Rayonier
Sulfite Pulp Mill. However, during most of the year the
SWL values exceed those concentrations considered injurious
to juvenile forms of fish and shell fish (10-12 mg/1).
(pp. 429)
2. North Sound Basin
Of the two date ranges examined in an effort to identify water
quality trends, data during the latter period (72/10/01 - 73/12/31)
consists of a significantly fewer number of samples than the earlier
(59/11/04 - 63/07/06) date range. Therefore, the degree,of confidence
in which trends can be defined is reduced.
Bellingham Bay off Post Point:
(a) Available data indicates that a minimal dissolved oxygen
increasing trend may exist from the surface to a depth of
100 feet thus eliminating a continuation of previous Class
A Standard violations, (pp. 433)
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(b) Available data indicates that Sulfite Waste Liquor concen-
trations, as a waste product from Georgia Pacific Sulfite
plant exhibit an increasing trend in the top twenty-five
feet of the water column in this particular area of
Bellingham Bay. (pp. 435)
Bellingham Bay at South Whatcom Waterway:
(a) Dissolved Oxygen values may possibly exhibit a minimal in-
creasing trend. However, due to temperature fluctuations
during sampling periods it has not yet been determined
whether this represents a true increase in dissolved oxygen
percent saturation or a physical response to temperature
decrease, (pp. 438)
(b) Sulfite Waste Liquor concentrations (SWL) exhibit a decreas-
ing trend in this particular portion of Bellingham Bay.
However, the values observed continue to exceed the concen-
tration considered injurious to juvenile forms of fish and
shell fish (10-12 mg/1) throughout most of the year. (pp.
439)
3. Whidbey Basin
Possession Sound to Port Susan Bayplot:
(a) Dissolved Oxygen-levels-appear-to exhibit a minimal deereas-
; ing trend,- particularly at :depth where-substandard..values
continue to occur with increasing frequency particularly
as the head of Port Susan is approached. Whether the in-
dicated dissolved oxygen decrease represents a true percent
saturation decrease or a physical response to temperature
or salinity variations has not yet been determined, (pp.
450-53)
(b) Dissolved Ortho-Phosphorus values appear to be decreasing
with the most pronounced effect observed in the uppermost
25 feet of the water column near the southern end of Whid-
bey Island, (pp. 450)
4. Main Puget Sound Basin
Elliot Bay METRO Station #184:
(a) Dissolved Oxygen values exhibit an increasing trend thereby
eliminating violations of the Class A Standard when con-
sidering mean monthly values. This trend is a result of
closing the diagonal treatment plant and diverting the
Elliot Bay outfall, (pp. 457)
(b) Median monthly total Coliform bacteria counts have decreased
markedly to a level where the Class A Standards are not
frequently violated. This reduction is due to closing the
Diagonal Treatment Plant and diverting the Elliot Bay outfall
(pp. 457)
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METRO West Point Offshore Station #130:
(a) Median monthly Total Coliform bacteria counts have de-
creased substantially to a level where the Class AA
Standard is violated on a less frequent and lower magnitude
basis, (pp. 458)
Main Puget Sound Bayplot:
(a) Substandard dissolved oxygen levels occasionally occur in
the depth range of 100-200 feet, particularly at Station
#130.
C. General Puget Sound Temperature, D.O., & Phosphorus Trends
The following table summarizes the results of a least-squares
analysis on monthly average concentrations for the upper layer (0-15
Meters) and the lower layer (15-175 Meters) for the parameters of
Temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, and Ortho-Phosphate. Oceanographic sub-
regions under consideration include Central Puget Sound, Southern Puget
Sound, Hood Canal, and the Whidbey Basin.
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DATA AVAILABILITY
In the Puget Sound Study Area, the availability of data varies from
unavailable to complete.The graph telov represents a subjective analysis of the
availability of each major class of data from 1930 to the present. An ^verall
assessment of availability of data would rankit as very sparse to partial. Important
physical, chemical and biological oceanographic data are completely missing in
early years. In recent years such data are more available but still incomplete.
Circulation data (physical oceanographic data) are very sparse, being unavailable
at times, even in later years. Only one comperehensive study collected oceano-
graphic data over an extensive area. Less important, but still essential,
meteorological and hydrological data are more abundant in later years. Navigation
charts provide all the data needed to define the geometries of the Study Area.
These data can be'used for any selected calibration period. Following is a more
detailed summary of the availability of each class of data.
GEOMETRICS
METEOROLOGIC
STREAM DISCHARGE
STREAM QUALITY I T
WASTE DISCHARGE . I
PHYSICAL m nr—| nn
OCEANOGRAPHIC kd LLJ—I LLLL
CHEMICAL I 1 | m\ p—T
OCEANOGRAPHIC -I « ' ^ ^" ^
BIOLOGICAL n PI PI
OCEANOGRAPHIC u LLJ-L
I93O I94O I95O I960 I97O
COMPLETE E~~3
PARTIAL HH
~~ SOURCE: Data Review for Ecologic Modeling; Puget
CpAOpC r-^-1 ^., ..ii .. ^.a i . i. —..-—•. i . ii --•• ..•.— ..ii . , m ,, f •....•• —
;—i Sound and Adjacent Vfaters. Water Resources Eng. ,
VERY SPARGE CD Walnut, Cr., California. Harry M. Nichandros and
UNAVAILABLE — Gerald T. Orlob. May
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I. GENERAL SECTION
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A . REPORT ORGANIZATION
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To facilitate examination of the water quality vithin the Puget
Sound Basin, marine and freshwater portions have been created and treated
somewhat seperately in this report. This is due partially to the fact
that the chemical and physical properties governing these two respective water
types differs considerably and also in an attempt to recognize effects of
freshwater input to the Puget Sound Complex.
Waste sources, in the form of municipal and industrial point sources
also have "been categorized into marine and freshwater areas. In general,
those point sources discharged into fresh recieving waters (major rivers
and their tributaries) are assigned to freshwater basins while those point
sources discharged directly to or via minor rivers into salt water and
estuaries, are assigned to the marine basins.
A significant portion of the marine water quality data and information
contained within this report is a result of research studies conducted by
Eugene E. Collias and associates at the University of Washington Department
of Oceanography.
Atlas of Physical and Chemical Properties of Fuget Sound and It's
Approaches. Eugene E. Collias, Noel McGary and Clifford A. Barnes.
University of Washington Press, Copyright 197^- A Washington Sea
Grant Publication.
Skagit Bay Study Dynamical Oceanography Final Report. Eugene E. Collias,
Clifford A. Barnes and John H. Lincoln. 1973
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B R
A S K I N
.U"J="
LOCATION HAP
SCAU IN U.Lt;
COLUMBIA-NORTH PACIFIC
COMPREHENSIVE FRAMEV/ORK STUDY
PUGET SOUND SUBREGION
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PEINCIPAL RIVERS ENTERING PUGET SOUND COMPLEX
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Principal rivers, Pugct Sound Area
Basin
Nook iack-S urn at
Ski^git-Samish
Still aguamish
Snohomiih
Cedar-Green
Cedar-Green
PuyaMup
Niiqually-Deichutei
Niiqually-Deschutei
West Sound
Elwha-Dungenesi
Clwha-Dungcness
River and Location
Nooksack River
nr. Lyndon
Skagit River
nr. Mt. Vernon
South Fork, Stillaguamish River
nr. Granite Falli
Snohomish River
nr. Snohomish
Cedar River
nr. Renton
Green River
nr. Auburn
PuyaMup River
at PuyaMup
Nisqually River
at McKenna
Deschutes River
nr. Rainier
Skokomtsh River
nr. Pollatch ;
Elwha River
nr. Port Angelel
Dungeness River
nr. Secjuim
Drainage
Area
(xj. rni.)
636
3.0601
119
1,720
197
382
• 948
517
90
230
269
156
Discharge (eft)
Minimum
Daily Momentary Average
Mean Maximum Annual
595 46.200 3,728
2,740 144,000 16,340
55 38,800 1.062
2
— 136.OOO 9,500
39 6,640 722
1
81 28,100 1,334
306 57,000 3,350
37 20.500 1,415
21 5,620 275
125 27,000 1J188 •
10 41,600 1,487
77 6.820 371
Average
Annual
Runoff
(ac. ft.)
2,699.000
11.830.000
768.900
6,885,000
522,700
965.800
2,425,000
1,022,000
199,100
860.000
1.077.000
26S.600
1 Includes drainage area in Canada. ' • .
2 Flows less than 10.00O cfs not computed.
Source: t'.'aici 'Jupply Bulletin No. 15. 1962 Washington
Department of the Interior. Geological Survey.
Department of Conservation (Water RI/-.OUICCS) and U.S.
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NORTH SOUND _^-j
xl j•• :~~y? '••
**&&$'
'$&•%$
'$\{\ MAIN PUGET SOUND •
^'T\/^,m::'v.:;
^SL^YUCO^
\Jf/\
SOUTH PUGET SOU]vD
MARINE SUB-BASINS WITHIN PUGET SOUND BASIN
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—1 I—I—\
Period: 1929-1958
"1970 Conditions
Drainage area:l3,773sq.mi.
\
a
2
O
o
UJ
or
UJ
o.
i-
UJ
u
a.
o
CO
z>
o
o
z
<
V)
i>
o
X
f-
uT
o
or
<
x
o
OT
UJ
Annual Mean Discharge, c.f.s.
Maximum months 89,190
Maximum year -
20 percent of time
Mean months
80 percent of time 41,480
Minimum year -
Minimum months
63,140
53,090
30,560
ONDJFMAMJJAS
Monthly discharge, Puget Sound Subregion, 1929-58.
(Inflow from Canada is included.)
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Mean annual precipitation.
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Population projections by basins, Puget Sound Area (in thousands)
Basin
1963
1980
2000
7020
Nooksack-Sumas
Skagit-Samish
Slillaguamish
Whidbcy-Camano Islands
Snohomish
Cedar-Green
Puyallup
Nisqually-Deschutes
West Sound
Elwha-Dungeness
San Juan Islands
74.6
53.8
17.6
19.9
178.2
976.9
324.5
69.6
124.2
28.3
2.6
91.6
64.2
30.2
56.0
297.8
1.454.8
449.8
74.9
175.0
29.8
2.8
123.5
86.5
48.5
80.9
467.8
2.270.0
700.0
104.5
374.1
41.0
3.7
168.7
118.2
77.8
115.0
761.4
3.619.9
1,107.5
146.5
632.7
56.6
5.1
Puget Sound Area
1,870.0
2.726.9
4,300.5
6.809.4
Source: Appendix IV, Economic Environment and Appendix V, Water-Related Land Resources.
Reservoirs Having a Total Capacity of 5,000 Acre1Feet or More
Name
Alder Lake
Baker Lake
Chester Morse
Cushman No. 1
Cushman No. 2
Diablo
Gorge
Howard Hanson
Lake Aldwr.ll
Lake Chaplain
Lake Mills
Lake Shannon
Lake Spada
Lake Tapps
Lake Whatcora
Mud Mountain
Ross
Terrell LaXe '
Toll
Youngs Lake
Stream
Nisqually R.
Baker R.
Cedar R.
N.F. Skokomish R.
N.F. Skokomish R.
Skagit R.
Skagit R.
Green R.
Elwha R.
Sultan R.
Elwha R.
Baker R.
Sultan R.
White R.
Whatcom Cr.
Mute R.
Skagit R.
Terrell Cr.
S.F. Tolt R.
Cedar R.
Total
Storage
(ac-ft)
232,000
298,000
S6.000
453,000
8,000
89,000
8,500
106,000
30,000
14,000
39,000
159,000
20,000
46,600
.26,400
106,000
1,434,000
5,600
60,000
11,000
Active
Storage
(ac-ft)
180,000
221,000
23,000
360,000
2,000
61,000
7,000
106,000
3,000
13,400
26,000
142,000
-
44,000
26,400
106,000
1,052,000
_
53,000
-
Surface
Area
(acres)
3,065
4,985
1,682
4,200
70
910
241
2,240
580
444
435
2,218
1,527
2,566
5,003
1,200
11,678
700
850
700
Purpose!.'
P
FP
MP
PR
P
P
P
FMR
P
M
P
P
MP
P
M
F
FP
R
M
M
_!/ M-municipal, F-flood control, R-recreation, 1-irrigation, P-power
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10
STATE OF
WASHINGTON
DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
FOR
STRAIT- OF JUAN DE FUCA AND PUGET SOUND COMPLEX
1. Bellipgham Bay east of a line bearing 185° true from Class B
entrance of boat basin (light No. 2) except as other-
wise noted.
2. Bellingham Bay, inner, easterly of a line bearing Class B
142O true through fixed green navigation light at
southeast end of dock (approximately 300 yards
northeast of bell buoy "2") to the base of the east
boat basin jetty.
3, Budd Inlet south of latitude 47°04' N. (South of Class B
Priest Point Park),
4. Commencement Bay from south and east of a line bearing Class A
258° true from Brown's Point: and north and west of a
line bearing 225° true through the Hylebos Waterway
light. ' Special condition - total coliform organisms
shall not exceed median values of 1,00~0 with less than
20% of samples exceeding 2,400 when associated with
any fecal source.
5. Commencement Bay inner, from south and east of a line Class B
bearing 225° true through the Hylebos Waterway light
except the city waterway south and east of south llth
street.
6. Commencement Bay, city waterway south and east of south Class C
llth Street.
7. Drayton Harbor, south of entrance. Class A
8. Dyes and Sinclair Inlets west of longitude 122037' Wi Class A
Special conditions - Sinclair Inlet and Port Washington
Narrows West of longitude 122° 37' W. and south of lati-
tude 47° 36'20" N. Total coliform organisms - shall not
exceed median values of 1,000 with less than 20% of
samples exceeding 2,400 when associated with any fecal
source.
9, Elliott Bay east of a line between U.S. Navy Supply Class A
Depot and Duwaraish Head. Special condition - total
coliform organisms shall not exceed median values of
1,000 with less than 20% of samples exceeding 2,400
when associated with any fecal source.
10. Everett Harbor east of longitude 122°13'40" W. and south- Class B
west of a line bearing 121 true from light "4"
(Snohomish River mouth).
11. Oakland Bay west of longitude 123° 05' W. (inner Class B
Shelton harbor).
12. Port Angeles south and west of a line bearing 152° true Class A
from buoy "2" at the tip of.' Ediz Hook. Special condition_ -
total coliform organisms - sh?ll not exceed a median value
of 240 with less than 20% of samples exceeding 1,000
when associated with any fecal source.
13. Port Gamble south of latitude 47°51'20" N. Class A
14. Port Towr.send west of a line between Point Hudson and Class A
Kala Point.
-------
11
15. Possession Sound, Port Susan, Saratoga Passage and Skaglt Class A
Bay east of Whidbey Island and longitude 122033'35" W.
(bridge) between latitude A7°57' N. (Mulkllteo) and lati-
tude 48°27'20" N. (Slmllk Bay) except as otherwise noted.
16. Sequim Bay southward of entrance. Class A
17. South Puget Sound west of longitude 122°52'30" W. (Brisco It "
Point) and longitude 122° 51' W. (northern tip of
Hartstene Island) except as otherwise noted.
18. Strait of Juan de Fuca and Puget Sound through Admiralty Class AA
Inlet.and South and West to longitude 122°52'30" W.
(Brisco Point) and longitude 122°51' W. (northern tip
of Hartstene Island), Hood Canal, Possession Sound south
of latitude 47°57' N.(Mukilteo) and all North Puget Sound
West of longitude 122°39" (Whidbey, Fidalgo, Gueraes and
Lummi Island) except as otherwise noted.
-------
12
Water Quality Criteria and Classification Puget Sound Area
Water Quality CLASS AA CLASS A CLASS B CLASS' C
Standards Extraordinary Excellent Good Fair
Fresh Marine Fresh Marine Fresh Marine Fresh Marine
COLIFORM, TOTAL 50 70 2l»0 70 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
med. value/100 ml
I/
DISSOLVED OXYGEN 9.5 7.0 8.0 6.0 . 6.5 5-0 5.0 1».0
(ag/l) • or - or or or
§80-852 Sat. §75# Sat. 70? Sat. ' $0% Sat.
pH 6.5-8.5 7-8.5 6.5-8.5 .7-8.5 6.5-8.5 7-8.5 6.5-9 7-9
•(Standard Units)
TBHBIDITY 5 5 55 10 10 10 10
•JTU
I/ Units may "be given as mg at./L
Dissolved Oxygen: 1 mg at./L = l/l6 mg/1
Dissolved Ortho-Phosphate: 1 mg at./L = 1/31 mg/1
••Values not listed in June 19,1973 Washington State
DOE Water Quality Standards, but serve as quality
indicators. Calculated through Salinity and Temp.
I/ A complete listing of the Washington State Department of Ecology
Water Quality Standards are found on the following four pages.
-------
NEW WAC 173-201-030 GENERAL WATER USE AND CRITERIA
CLASSES"! The following criteria shall be applicable to the
various classes of waters in the State of Washington:
(1) Class AA (Extraordinary).
(a) General characteristic. Water quality of this class
shall markedly and uniformly exceed the requirements for all
or substantially all uses.
(b) Characteristic uses. Characteristic uses shall .
include, but are not limited to the following:
(i) Water supply (domestic, industrial, agricultural).
(ii) Wildlife habitat, stock watering.
(iii) General recreation and aesthetic enjoyment (pic-
nicking, hiking, fishing, swimming, skiing, and boating).
(iv) General marine recreation and navigation.
(v) Fish and shellfish reproduction, rearing, and har-
vest.
(c) Water quality criteria.
(i) Total colifonn organisms shall not exceed median
values of 50 (fresh water) or 70 (marine water) with less than
10% of samples exceeding 230 when associated with any fecal
source.
(ii) Dissolved oxygen shall exceed 9.5 mg/1 (fresh
water) or 7.0 mg/1(marine water).
(iii) Total dissolved gas - the concentration of total
dissolved gas shall not exceed 110% of saturation at any point
of sample collection.
(iv) Temperature - water temperatures shall not exceed
60° F. (fresh water) or 55° F. (marine water) due in part to
measurable (0.5° F.) increases resulting from human activities;
nor shall, such temperature increases, at any time, exceed
t = 75/(T-22) (fresh water) or t =» 24/(T-39) (marine water);
for purposes hereof "t" represents the permissive increase and
"T" represents the water temperature due to all causes combined.
-•• (v) PH, shall be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5 {fresh
• water) or 7.0 to 8.5 (marine water) with an induced variation
of less than 0.1 units.
(vi) Turbidity shall not exceed 5 JTU over natural
conditions.
(vii) Toxic, radioactive, or deleterious material
concentrations shall be less than those which mav affect
public health, .the natural aquatic environment, or the desir-
ability of the water for any usage.
(viii) Aesthetic values shall not be impaired by the
presence of materials or their effects, excluding those of
natural origin, which offend the senses of sight, smell, touch
or taste.
-------
(3) Class B (Good).
(a) General characteristic. Water quality of this class
shall meet or exceed the requirements for most uses.
(b) Characteristic uses. Characteristic uses shall
include, but are not limited tor the following:
(i) Industrial and agricultural water supply.
(ii) Fishery and wildlife habitat.
(iii) General recreation and aesthetic enjoyment (pic-
nicking, hiking, fishing, and boating).
(iv) Stock watering.
(v) Commerce and navigation. :
(vi) Shellfish reproduction and rearing, and Crustacea
(crabs, shrimp, etc.) harvest. -
(c) Water quality criteria.
(i) Total coliform organisms shall not exceed median
values of 1,000 with less than 10% of samples exceeding 2,400
when associated with any fecal source.
(ii) Dissolved oxygen shall exceed 6.5 mg/1 (fresh
water) or 5.0 mg/1 (marine water) , or 70% saturation, which-
ever is greater.
(iii) Total dissolved gas - the concentration of total
dissolved gas shall not exceed 110% of saturation at any
point of sample collection.
. (iv) Temperature — water temperatures shall not exceed
70° F. (fresh water) or 66° F. (marine water) due in part to
measurable (0.5° F.) increases resulting from human activities;
nor shall such temperature increases, at any. time, exceed t =
110/(T-15) (fresh water) or t «= 52/(T-32) r(marine water); for
purposes hereof "t" represents the permissive increase and "T"
represents the water temperature due to all-causes combined.
(v) pH shall be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5 (fresh
water) or 7.0 to 8.5 (marine water) with an induced variation
of less than 0.5 units.
(vi) Turbidity shall not exceed 10 JTU over natural
conditions.
(vii) Toxic, radioactive, or deleterious material
concentrations shall be below those which adversely affect
public health during the exercise of characteristic usages,
or which may cause acute or chronic toxic conditions to the
aquatic biota, or which may adversely affect characteristic
water uses.
(viii) Aesthetic values shall not be reduced by dis-
solved, suspended, floating or submerged matter not attri-
butable to natural causes, so as to affect water usage or
taint th'e flesh of edible species.
-------
(4) Class C (Fair).
(a) General characteristic. Water quality of this
class shall meet or exceed the requirements of selected and'
essential uses. •
(b) Characteristic uses. Characteristic uses shall
include, but are not limited to, the following:
(i) Cooling water.
(ii) Commerce and navigation.
(iii) Fish passage. .
(iv) Boating.
(c) Water quality criteria.
(i) Total coliform organisms shall not exceed median
values of 1,000 when associated with any fecal source.
(ii) Dissolved oxygen shall exceed 5.0 mg/1 (fresh^
water) or 4.0 mg/1 (marine water), or 50% saturation, which-
ever is greater. •
(iii) Total dissolved gas - the concentration of total
dissolved gas.shall not exceed 110% saturation at any point
of sample collection. ...
(iv) Temperature - water temperatures shall not exceed
75* F. (fresh water) or 72° F. (marine water) due in part to
measurable (0.5° F.) increases resulting from human activities;
nor shall such temperature increases, at any time, exceed t *
125/(T-12) (fresh water) or t « 64/(T-29) (marine water); for
purposes hereof "t" represents the permissive increase and "T"
represents the water temperatures due to all causes combined.
(v) pH shall be within the range of 6.5 to 9.0 (fresh
water) or 7.0 to 9.0 (marine water) with an induced variation
of less than 0.5 units.
(vi) Turbidity shall not exceed 10 JTU over natural con-
ditions.
(vii) Toxic, radioactive or deleterious material
concentrations shall be below those which adversely affect
public health during the exercise of characteristic usages, or
which may cause acute or chronic toxic conditions to the aqua-
tic biota, or which"may adversely affect"characteristic water
uses. ^ _.r%__TO..-.t .,.•..--_. -.-,:•. ££..---. _ - :- v. . . ::
(viii) Ae s the t ic~~values shall not be interfered with-""''
by the presence of obnoxious wastes, slimes, or aquatic ..
growths or by materials which will taint the flesh of edible
species.
-------
(2) Class A (Excellent).
(a) General characteristic. Water quality of this class
shall meet or exceed the requirements for all or substantially
all uses.
(b) Characteristic uses. Characteristic uses shall
include, but are not limited to, the following:
(i) Water supply (domestic, industrial, agricultural).
(ii) Wildlife habitat, stock watering.
(iii) General recreation and aesthetic enjoyment (pic-
nicking, hiking, fishing, swimming, skiing and boating).
(iv). Commerce and navigation.
(v) Fish and shellfish reproduction,'rearing and harvest.
(c) Water quality criteria.
(i) Total coliform organisms shall not exceed median
value of 2TS (fresh water) with less than 20% of samples
exceeding 1,000 when associated with any fecal sources or 70
(marine water) with less than 10% of samples exceeding 230
when associated with any fecal sources. .- -•- --- -••— —-
(ii) Dissolved oxygen shall exceed 8.0 rag/1 (fresh
water) or 6.0 mg/1 (marine water). ,
(iii) Total dissolved gas - the concentration of total *
dissolved gas shall not exceed 110% of saturation at any point
of sample collection. -
(iv) Temperature - water temperatures shall not exceed
65° F. (fresh water) or 61e F. (marine water) due in part to
measurable (0.5° F.) increases resulting from human activities?
nor shall such temperature increases, at any time, exceed t »
90/(T-19) (fresh water) or t « 40/(T-35) (marine water); for
purposes hereof "t" represents the permissive increase and "T"
represents the water temperature due to all causes combined.
(v) pH shall be within the range of 6.5 to 8.5 (fresh
water) or /.0 to 8.5 (marine water) with an induced variation
of less than 0.25 units.
(vi) - Turbidity shall not exceed 5 JTU over natural con-
ditions.
(vii) Toxic, radioactive, or deleterious material
concentrations shall be below those of public health signifi-
cance, or which may cause acute or chronic toxic conditions
to the aquatic biota, or which may adversely affect any water
use.
(viii) Aesthetic values shall not be impaired by the
presence of materials or their effects, excluding those of
natural origin, which offend the senses of sight, smell, touch,
or taste.
-------
B. P.S. HYDRODYNAMICS
-------
13
PUGET SOUND GENERAL HYDRODYNAMICS
The waters confined within the boundaries of Puget Sound are actually
a small portion of a larger complex that includes the Strait of Georgia and
the Strait of Juan de Fuca. The entire complex is composed of many inter-
connected inlets, bays, and channels with sea water entering at the western
end and freshwater entering at many points along the system. This large
complex may be sub-divided into nine major oceanographic regions but are
inter-related one to the other. Each oceanographic region will be discussed
in a separate section of this report.
Basically, the Puget Sound-Georgia Strait-Juan de Fuca Strait complex
is a two layer system with fresher water moving seaward in a surface layer
that overrides a more saline layer of inflowing oceanic water. The surface
layer contains fresh-water added locally from direct precipitation, river
runoff, and other land drainage. The deeper, more saline layer has its origin
in the Pacific Ocean off Cape Flattery and has a net flow landward in response
to the pressure forces associated with the difference in density between fresh-
water and sea water. The boundary between these two layers is most distinct
near the freshwater source or on either side of a cons-tr ictipn having strong
tidal currents. This boundary becomes more diffuse as the fresh?-water layer
moves seaward as a result of vertical mixing by winds and the entrainment of
deeper, more saline water into the surface layer. The processes that govern
the mixing and transport of waters from one part of the complex to another
are complicated and are related meteorological conditions and to tidal action.
As one travels eastward from the entrance of the Strait of Juan de Fuca
f
off Cape Flattery to the head of either Georgia Strait or Puget Sound a
series of sills are encountered that separate the deeper basins.
-------
Ik
The Victoria Green Point sill has a pronounced effect upon the waters
of both Puget Sound and Georgia Strait because it effectively prevents oceanic
water from entering these regions without becoming somewhat diluted and
modified by fresher surface water flowing out of these regions toward the
ocean.
The importance of increased density in late summer by the oceanic water
intruding into the Strait and then being mixed in the eastern end of the Strait
cannot be over emphasized. Because of this more dense water entering in the
early fall, most all parts of the Puget Sound-Georgia Strait complex are
flushed once a year by a replacement of the less dense water with- the more
dense water.
Deep channels of the San Juan Archepelago serve as mixing areas, for the
waters of Georgia Strait and the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Over 90% of the
water needed to supply the tidal prism of Georgia Strait must pass through.
these channels. The water below 150 meters in the Haro Strait is oxygen poor
and phosphate rich. Under certain conditions, deep water from the Strait
of Juan de Fuca may intrude into Haro Strait without significant modification and
as a result low oxygen content water may appear along the west side of the San
Juan Island in July or August.
Most of the water entering or leaving Puget Sound must flow; through.
Admiralty Inlet with only a small portion of the water flowing through. Deception
Pass and the Swinomish Slough, at the northern end of Whidbey Island. Admiralty
Inlet is a large mixing zone for the deeper waters of the Strait of Juan de Fuca
with the fresher surface water from Puget Sound. The mixed water is more
dense than the surface water and less dense, than Strait water and, therefore,
flows back into Puget Sound on a flood tide. Due to the strong currents in
Admiralty Inlet, the flushing time is rapid with, the various water types
-------
requiring only a few tidal cycles to make the transit through this region.
Admiralty Inlet also supplies water to Hood Canal off Tala Point and travels
South through the entrance arm.
The Skagit river is the largest river in the Puget Sound drainage basin
and contributes about 35% of the total freshwater inflow. The Snohomish
river is the second largest river discharging into Puget Sound and con-
tributes about 30.5% of the total freshwater inflow and the Stillaguamish
river is the third largest river entering into Puget Sound but contributes
only about 8.5%. The combined flow of these rivers on an annual basis accounts
for 74% of the total river runoff entering the Puget Sound System and has a
pronounced effect upon the hydro-dynamics of the Possession Sound region while
also frequently affecting the northend of the Main Puget Sound Basin.
The minimum surface salinity in the main Puget Sound Basin is observed in
June because of the influence of the Skagit River which, even though it does
not discharge into this basin, the effect of it's discharge is observable as
far south as Alki Point. The maximum surface salinity is observed in the middle
of October when freshwater contributions have been at a minimum. However,
a second minimum is observed in late June and early July in response to large
amounts of freshwater being contributed by the Frazer, Skagit, and Snohomish.
rivers in early summer.
This freshwater is mixed in Admiralty Inlet and the eastern end of the
Strait of Juan de Fuca to cause a lowering of the salinity for the water being
refluxed back into Puget Sound. Flushing rates for the Main Basin have been
estimated to vary from two to four weeks.
All of the water entering Southern Puget Sound must pass through. th.e
Tacoma Narrows which is a mixing zone similar to Admiralty Inlet but on a
-------
16
smaller scale. Waters from either side of the narrows to a depth of about
fifty meters are mixed depending on the direction of the tide. Thus each
major oceanographic region is separated from the other by a mixing zone or some
geographic feature that controls the flow of water from one region to another.
As a result of this geographic structure, the waters of each basin become
fresher as one proceeds landward. Also the temperature range from winter to
summer becomes greater and the tidal range increases.
The following longitudinal profile of data shows the general water
quality conditions found in the main portion of the Puget Sound complex.
Water quality conditions of specific oceanographic subregions and Puget Sound
tributaries are discussed in following sections of this report.
-------
LONGITUDINAL DEPTH
STRAIT OF JUAN DE FUCA AND PUGET SOUND
O
!?«• 4V 10'
\ <•?
if 12V
>V "^ ' /is' '^\
4S* 30'
X ^" \
IS'
-STRAIT OF JUAN DE FUCA
! I
PUGET SOUND. MAIN BASIN
SOURCE: Atl«3 of Physical and Ch»ol;«l Prop-rtlfi of Puggt SounJ and it's Ar.prenchB
Eugene E. Collins, Noel McCary, n.nd Cliffird A. 3amc3. University of Washington
Press. Copyright WI". * Washington Sea Grant Publication.
-------
i^j;.:-:;!!, IfA-AWSONO Jy '•$}^££:-.
-^Ti':>^:-7 RE^F $•"
-------
19
r~
D
\maeness
Settle
12.0 12.0 13.0
16-18 JUNE 1970
OXYGEN
(mg.ol./L)
V/ater properties in Puget Sound main basin
16 - 18 June 1970
"tp''r Fln" "frort- Eusene E- 03lllM-
-------
20
Seattle
13.0
TEMPERATURE
29.0 (°C)
DENSITY
05 0.55 0.65
0.60 0.70
7-9 JULY 1970
Water properties In Puget Sound main basin
7-9 July 1970
SQ"^1 Skaglt Bay Dynamical Oceanography Final Report. Eugene B. Cblllo. Clifford ' •- •
A. Barnes, and John H. Lincoln. 1973.
-------
21
,.'!•«? w~ Dunqe ness
.Jacorn A
14.0
3I.CH
DENSITY
05 ^0.55
14-16 AUGUST 1970
OXYGEN
(mg.at./L)
Water properties in Puget Sound main basin
14 - 16 August 1970
SOUBCE; 5>«ilt Buy Dynsnlcal Oceanography Final Report. Eugene E. Q>111», Cliff or!
A. Barnes, and John U. Uncoln. 1973.
-------
22
. \en 'j^unciene^
^'tcidii/aiTy
/-.let
30.0
TEMPERATURE
(°C) 30.0
-200°
-250
25.0-^x^24.5 24.0
0.50
iz.0.40
23-25 SEPTEMBER 1970
OXYGEN
(mg ol./L)
50
100
150
200
250
Water properties in Puget Sound main basin
23 - 25 September 1970
SOURCE: Skaglt Bay Pyimnlcal OceanograchY Fln»l Beport. Eugene 1. Oolllu, alffort
A. Bsrnea, and John H. Uncoln. 1973.
-------
23
TEMPERATURE
(°C) 30.0
27-29 OCTOBER 1970
OXYGEN
(mg.ol./L)
Water properties in Puget Sound main basin
2? - 29 October 1970
SOUBCE; Skagit Bay nynanlcal OceanORraphy Final Report, Eugene B. Cblll«, differ*
A. B*rneB, end John H. Lincoln. 1973.
-------
/nlet"
0.4
23.0
"•L24.5 ! \ • :
. X . 24.0 .
.: -i23.5—
. <0.45
17-18 NOVEMBER 1970
OXYGEN
(mg.al./L)
•50
•100
I50
-200
-250
- 50
HOO
H50
f-200
L250
Water properties in Puget Sound main basin
17 - 18 November 1970
Bay nm«ale»l Oceanography Fln»l Bgport. Eugen< t. OolllM. Clifrord
Barnes, ind John H. Lincoln. 1973. -
-------
Inlet"
>8.6
8-12 DECEMBER 1970
OXYGEN
(mg.ot./L)
Water properties in Puget Sound main basin
8-12 December 1970
SOUBCE! SX«glt Buy Dynamical Occajiography Tln»l Beport. Eugene E. ODlliu, alffort
K. Bune>, ud John H. Lincoln. 1973-
-------
26
_y
n
let
Jacoma.
0.55 0.56 0.57 0.58
19-22 JANUARY 1971
OXYGEN
(mq.ol./L)
Water properties In Puget Sound main basin
19 - 21 January 1971
SOURCE: Skaglt B«y Eynaralca^ Oceanography Final Jteporl. Eugene B. Cblliu, Clifford
A. Barnes, and John H. Lincoln. 1973.
-------
27
e-.v Durucne^
S?J,nirMly Inleir
70
DENSITY
05 ^060
8-10 FEBRUARY 1971
OXYGEN
(mg ol/L)
Water properties in Puget Sound main "basin
8-10 February 1971
SOURCE; Skagit^Bay Jtynamical, Oceanography final peport. Eugene E. ODlllaa, Clifford
A. Barnes, nnd John H. Lincoln. 1973.
-------
6.9 . 6.970 . 7.1 {.
TEMPERATURE
28.0 (°C)
2-5 MARCH 1971
OXYGEN
(mq ol/L)
- 50
-100
-i!50
"7200
-250
Water properties in Puget Sound main basin
2-5 March 1971 .
SOURCE! Shaglt Bay rynamicftl Oceitnogrflphy Final Peport. Eugene E. tolllM, Cllffopd
A. Barnest end John K. Lincoln. 1973*
-------
29
TEMPERATURE
(°C) 28.0
SALINITY
(%0) 22.0 21.0
13-16 APRIL 1971
OXYGEN
(mg al /L)
V/ater properties in Puget Sound main basin
13-16 April 197.1
B; Shaglt Bay Cynaalcal Qceftnography^iruJ^Regoi^. Eugene B. Oolliu, Clifford
A. Bvnea, mod John H. Uncoln. 1973'
-------
J
-------
C. MAJOR P. SOURCE INVENT.
-------
INVENTORY OF PUGET SOUND BASIN
MAJOR MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL
POINT SOURCE DISCHARGERS
31
MUNICIPAL
DISCHARGER
BASIN LOCATION
PERMIT NO.
Auburn, City of
Bellevue, City of
Bellingham, City of
Bremerton, City of
Des Moines Sewer District
Edmonds , City of
Everett, City of
Lakehaven Sewer District
Lakota Plant
Redondo Plant
Monroe, City of
Olympia City of
Port Angeles, City of
Puyallup, City of
Seattle, City of
Metro-Alki Point
" -Carkeek Park
" -Renton
" -Richmond Beach
" -West Point
Tacoma, City of
Whatcom County Sewer District
Main Puget Sound
it ii it
North Sound
Main Puget Sound
I! II
Whidbey
Main Puget Sound
it M ii
Snohomish
Southern Puget Sound
Juan de Fuca
Southern Puget Sound
Main Puget Sound
ii ii ii
Cedar-Sammamish
Main Puget Sound
Southern Puget Sound
North Sound
WA-OC2399-0
Not Available
WA-002396-5
Not Available
WA-002095-8
WA-002l*05-8
WA-002l| 1*9-0
WA-002262-U
WA-002257-1
WA-0020^8-6
WA-003706-1
WA-002397^3
Not Available
WA-002901-7
WA-002917-?
WA-002985-1
WA-002961-1
WA-002918-I
WA-003708-7
Not Available
-------
32
INDUSTRIAL
DISCHARGER
CITY,BASIN LOCATION
PERMIT NO,
'American Smelting (ASARCO)
Atlantic Richfield Refinery
it ii ii
Cr6vn Zellerbach
Crown Zellerbach
Fibreboard Corporation
Georgia Pacific
Intalco Aluminum
I. T. T. Rayonier
Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical
Mobile Oil.Corporation
ocott Paper Company
Scott Paper Company
Shell Oil Refinery
Simpson Timber Company
St. Regis Paper Co.
Ruston, South Puget Sound
Ferndale, Nooksack
it it
Port Angeles, Juan de Fuca
Port Tovnsend, Admiralty Inlet
Sumner, Puyallup
Bellingham, North Sound
Ferndale, Nooksack
Port Angeles, Juan de Fuca
Tacoma, Southern Puget Sound
Fernfale, Nooksack
Anacortes, North Sound
Everett, Whidbey
Anacortes, North Sound
Shelton, South Puget Sound
Tacoma, South Puget Sound
Texaco Inc.
Anacortes , North Sound
WA-00006U-7
WA-00028U-U
WA-002290-0
WA-000292-5
WA-000092-2
WA-000088-U
WA-000109-1
WA-000295-0
WA-000079-5
WA-000093-1
WA-000298-l*
WA000293-3
WA-000062-1
WA-000076-l'
WA-000317-1*
WA-000152-0.
VA-000316-6
WA-000319-1
WA-000318-2
WA-000315-8
WA-000070-1
WA-000322-1
WA-000321-2
WA-000085-1
WA-OOOOUO-0
WA-00029^-1
V/eyerhaeuser Kraft Mill
Everett, Whidbey
WA-000300-0
-------
D. MONITORING SCHEME
-------
PUGET SOUND BASIN WATER QUALITY SAMPLING STATIONS
MAINTAINED BY WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY
AS OF JULY 19 71*
33
MARINE:
FRESH:
BLL002
BLL003
BLLOOl*
BLL008
BUD001
BUD003
BUD005
CMB006
CMB010
CMB012
CMB013
CMB016
DRA001
ELB002
ELBOOH
ELB006
ELB008
GRG001
HLM001
PAD001
PAD002
PAH003
PAH006
PAHOOT
PAH008
PNN001
PSB002
PSS002
PSS005
PSS009
PSS020
SAR001
SAR002
SIN001
SKG001
SUZ001
CMB010
CMB012
ELB009
ELB010
ELB012
PSB006
PSB007
PSB008
PSS015
PSS016
pssoi8
01A050
01A070
01A090
01A120
01D070
01D090
03A050
03A070
03B050
03C060
030080
OUA060
05A090
05A110
05B070
05B090
05B110
07A090
07B055
070070
07C090
07D070
08B070
08B130
15A070
16A070
16B110
16C090
5^1069
5^1070
5^1075
5^1076
-------
-------
II. WATER QUALITY STATUS
-------
A. TRIBUTARY BASINS
-------
CEDAR - SAMMAMISH RIVER BASIN
-------
36
CEBAR-SAMMAMISH RIVER BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
1. Drainage Area : Cedar - 197 sq. m.
Sammamis'h - 2hO sq. m.
2. Mean Flow - Cedar nr mouth - 680 cfs
3. Major Diversions - Domestic - 111 cfs
Industrial - 7^ cfs
Hydropover - 700 acre-feet
U. Surface Water Rights - Municipal - 25.87 cfs
Irrigation - 8^.91 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - 66.87 cfs
Industrial & Commercial - 170.98 cfs
Fish Propogation -61.86 cfs
Stock - .91 cfs
Total - 568.28 cfs
5. Reservoir Storage Rights - 2,801 acre-feet
6. Projected Population 1980 2000 2020
l,U5**,8oo 2,270,000 3,619,900
-------
-------
38
,-'•2-4^^ "f" Statior/>
'? / x--xX"^A\»i:1.M#5iUs/
-------
39
CEDAR-SAMMAMISH RIVER BASIN
REPORTED PROBLEMS
1. Water temperature values exceed Class A standards throughout
much of the ship canal and Lake Union.
2. Dissolved Oxygen standards are violated on' Lake Union and especially
the ship canal periodically.
3. Total Coliform values exceed the Class A standard throughout portions
of the ship canal and Lake Union, with increasing numbers of violations
near the mouth of the ship canal.
U. At the mouth of the Sammamish River, total Phosphorus values
exceed the limiting algal productivity concentration throughout
most of the year.
5. Total Coliform values exceed the Class A standard periodically
on the Sammamish river near the mouth.
-------
LAKE UNION AND SHIP CANAL
-------
TEHFE
TUR E
T
E.
n
N
T
*
21.0-1-
18. 0--
>.0-4-
12. 0--
a.0--
B.0--
3.0--
ON LK UNION AND SHIP CANAt-
70/01/01 - 7^/06/30
8 8 Tg _^ ^g.
8= 85 PCT
M* N1GAN/
1- 15 PCT
Wash. State Class A Standard
3 10
X
H
IPi
RIVER MILES
i
i
I
O
K
EH
00
0
H K
-------
Y
IS -r
12 --
D
O
n
G
ON L K U NIO N AND SHIP
70/01/01 - 7^/06/30
-e-e-
B --
3 --
= S 5 FCT.
i K'.EAW
- 15 Per.
X
R I VELR r I LES
EH
CG
O
«
•
'
I
j-
C\J
lj-\
Jz: =:t:
0 <
M EH
S CO
E-"
CO
O
K
ro
-------
T
O
T
C
O
L
I
n
F
0
0
Y
17S0 -r
1SZS3 —
1223 —
750 -
TOTAL. COL,. O F: fl
ON L.K UNION AND SHIP CANAL.
70/01/01 - 7V06/30
Ss 35 PCT.
t,\ = MEDIAN
1 s is PC.T.
Limit
v"VWash. State Class A Standard
X
RIV£.R MILELS
O
K
EH
o •<
M EH
O
ce
EH
Cfl
-------
C
A
L
C
O
L
I
n
F
n
/
i
0
2
n
L
Y
13-
104-
F £ C A T_ C C, .-^F C
ON LK UNION AND SHIP OANAL.
70/01/01 - 7^/06/30
MEDIAN VALUES
-f-5 K-
1
1
i
§
-M-
-?•*-
X
RIVER MILES
i
OJ
o <3
M EH
g w
S
-------
SHIP CANAL MID-CHANNEL
-------
T
£
rt
Y
HIP CA. :*.-.'- .11*.
£ T R O B T A Z ~ 1 -
-------
S X
1
ME AW VAV.U6S
2T-4-
Wash. State Class A Standard
f H \
— _....«
I...
{ -H X
-------
* VAL.UCS
20% Limit
.State Class A Standard
>*V'-r
(median value)
CO
-------
SAMMAMISH RIVER
-------
RIVER AT WOODINVILLE
MEAN VALUES -TAN.ee - DEC.BS
O
w
c
F
S
ZJZ0--
u. s. G. s.
DATA
I—-4
JAN FEB MAR APR
H ^
1—h
JUN JTJL AUB SEP OCT NOV DEC
T IME
-------
T
£
c
£
Y
2l-r
18--
IS-r
12--
SAflMAMlSH R ABOUT MOUTH
fl£TRO STA 04-S0 RM 17- 1
ises DAT
Wash. State Class A Standard
_|_
^—i-
x
FES flAR APR M\Y .TUN .JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV EEC
5T
-------
N
O
N
O
3
M
Y
0.50-p
0.20--
0.10—
SAMMAMISH R ABOUT MOUTH
METRO STA 04-30 RM 17.1
lass DATA
-!—4
FE
AT?R PAY JUN JIJL
rer
-------
Y
£5.15—
SAMMAMESH R ABOUT MOUTH
METRO STA # 0^50 RM 17.1
1968 DATA
LJ
r
\
i".
LIMITING ALGAL GROWTH CONCENTRATION
j i ..
i -4 f-
/-.: ; ,
I -
4 ] X
VJl
UJ
-------
Y
-W3232--
SOOD
SAMMAMISH R ABOUT MOUTH
METEO STA # 0^50 EM 17.1
1968 DATA
• MEDIAN VALUES
n
r. > 5CDO
1 ;
L
O
C
F'
M
n
L
20$ _Limit '
Wash. State Class A Standard
t i
--f-- t—-t—f- i- ) x
-•- y -f j ^ —^-^^ _ .4,_ • * j » ,- -»
*^ t ^L™ • »i. S.3 •-'.,** »Xvi » '^. » .•'-•HVh*
-------
f
c
3.
t_
f»
o
:~.-. „ .;-:.-.. - I -v H r; r. c: CJ _# ; :". ^ . T H
1 V . 1
?" .._ ; /
TW
MEDIAN VALUES
M ^-«*-' ; ' . /
/
£
\
\
\
\
- • \
-i +- - H—+-- -H 1 h—f 1 1 1 X
-------
56
DESCHUTES RIVER BASIN
-------
57
DESCHUTES RIVER BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
1. Drainage Area - 89-8 sq. m.
2. Average Flow - ( at Ranier ) mean = 327 cfs
max. = 3 ^00 cfs
min. = 31 cfs
3. Waste Sources - 3
U. Major Diversions - included in Nisqually Total
5. Surface Water Rights - Municipal - 10 cfs
Irrigation - 35-86 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - U.53 cfs
Industrial & Commercial - 12.13 cfs
Fish. Propogation - 11.32 cfs
Stock - .37 cfs
Total - 78.38 cfs
6. Reservoir Storage Rights - hlk acre-feet
7. Projected Population - 1980 2000 2020
7^,900 10U-5003 ll;6,500
-------
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA
DBSCHUTES RIVER BASIN
vn
oo
-------
59
DESCHUTES RIVER BASIN
REPORTED PROBLEMS
1. Total nitrate and total phosphorous concentrations often exceed
the Algal Bloom Potential Concentration during periods of
high flow, especially as the river approaches its mouth.
2. Total coliform values occasionally exceed-the Water Quality
Standard throughout the river.
-------
T
E
M
P
D
E
G
R
E
E
S
C
E
N
T
Y
WATER TEM'PEP/. TURE
ON THE DESCMUTES RIVER
20.2J
1B.2H-
12.0-4-
8.24-
4-.2Z-4
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
DOE/U3GS DATA
10/71 - 09/72
8 852
M Median
1555
3-
IS
RIVER MILES
X
08 PS
§,
g w
cr\
o
-------
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
Y
10--
12--
C»— _
TURSID I 7Y
ON THE DESCHUTES RI VE
D05/USGS DATA
10/71 - 09/72
3-
Median
o
X
LS
RIVER nILElS
§
. ON
-------
c?
o
N
D
U
V
I
T
Y
M
I
c
ri
O
Y
C C N ~ U C T I V' ^ * Y
ON THE DESCMUTES RIVER
Y
I
S
RIVER MILES
o
w
O
w
DOE/USGS DATA
10/71 - 09/72
8 852
M Median
X
ro
• o
-------
I
S
s
O
L
V
O
X
Y
G
Y
14-. 2>
13.2
12.0—
11.0—
E I C S O L V £. D C3 X . .^ E, N
ON TM£ DESCMUT&S RIV£R
DOE/USGS DATA
10/71 - 09/72
% 85%
M Media*
15*
G
*-
L
8.0 WATER QUALITY STANDARD
'//w^///^//wr////////^^^ X
LS
RIVER MILE.S
S-
o
CO
O
ON
U)
-------
•p
H
Y
e.s-
7.S4-
7.0--
B.D-
r
t
e
K
J
:=>
Gt* THE PESCHUTES RIVER
DOE/USGS DATA
10/71 - 09/72
8 85?
M Median
]_ 15?
S.S-t-
08
l IS
RIVER MILES
20
§
23
mo
-------
T
O
T
A
L
N
I
T
R
A
T
E
M
G
/
L
N
Y
0.7S—
0.'
0.1
M
O '
TOTAL N I THrxTE
ON TH£ PE.SCHUTES RIVER
DOE/USGS DATA
10/71 - 09/72
8 852
M Medlar
LIMITING ALGAL PRODUCTIVITY CONCENTRATION
IS
RIVER MILES
2S
X
s
o
8
ON
W O
-------
T
O
A
L
O
s
•p
H
O
R
U
S
M
Y
0.12H-
0-CS—
TOTAL rHOSPH^KUS
ON THE PESCHUTES RIVER
LIMITING ALGAL PRODUCTIVITYTOKCENTRATION
DOE/USGS DATA
10/71 - 09/72
8 85#
M Median
1 152
J.CE-T
X
I
08 ~-
3
10 IS
RIVER MILES
20
23
-
co o
-------
T
O
T
A
L
C
O
L
I
F
O
R
M
1
0
0
TOTAL CCLL ORM
ON THE. DESCS-SUTE9 RIVER
DOS/USGS
10/71 - 09/72
8 85%
•I Median
- 1,000 )
M-
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
( Median - 2kO )
IS
RIVER MILES
23
S
o w
0, K
ra o
-------
68
DUNGENESS-ELWAH RIVER BASIN
-------
69
DUNGENESS-ELWAH RIVER BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
1. Drainage Area - Dungeness - 156 sq. m.
Elwah - 269 sq. m.
2. Average Flov - ( at Sequim ) mean = 371 cfs
min. = 199 cfs
max. = 5^5 cfs
( at Port Angeles) mean = 1 1*56 cfs
min. = 859 cfs
max. = 2 051 cfs
3- Waste Sources - 2
U. Major Diversions - Dung. Elwah
Fish & Game 25 cfs
Domestic 2 cfs h cfs
Industrial 7^ cfs
Hydropower 2800 cfs
Irrigation 75 000 acre-feet
5. Surface Water Rights (Port Angeles Area)
Municipal - 31-^ cfs
Irrigation - 52.U6 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - l4.7 cfs
Industrial & Commercial - 190.02 cfs
Fish. Propogation - 32.91* cfs
Stock - 1.53 cfs
Total - 915-59 cfs
Reservoir Storage Rights - 65,1^0 acre-feet
6. Projected Population - I960 . 2000. $020
'29,800 111 ,000 56,600
-------
WATER RESOURCE 'INVENTORY AREA (18)
H-
WRIA
ELWAH-DUNGENESS RIVER BASIN }
4 _L.
WR1A
-------
71
Dungeness-Elwah River Basin
Reported Problems
1. Total Phosphorus concentrations periodically exceed the
Limiting Algal Bloom Concentration value, especially during
periods of high flow.
-------
ELUAH RIVER rJB&R PORT ANGELES
MEAN VALUES isvi - 1S74.
3000-r
2300--
F
L
O
W
c
F
S
2000--
300--
U.S.Q.S.
DATA
JAN FEB
1 -I f-
AT=R
JTJN JU_ AUB SEP OCT NCV DEC
-i
ro
TIME
-------
SINGLE. SAMPLE VALUES < 7 L 1027-74.051S >
18.0-r
T
E
M
P
E
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
E
N
T
I
G
R
A
D
E
CLASS AA STANDARD
15.0--
1Z.0--
9.0--
B.0--
3.0--
^—i—i—i—i—i—i—i—i—i—t
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JTJN JUL AUG SEP OCT
ELWAH RIVER NEAR PORT ANGELES
NOV DEC
-------
SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES < 7 I 1027-74.05 I 3 >
T
U
R
a
i
D
I
T
Y
4S.0-T
40.0--
3S.0--
30.0--
25.0--
20.0--
15.0--
10.0--
S.0--
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUM JU_ AUS SEP OCT NC3V DEC
ELWHA RIVER NEAR PORT ANQELES
-------
o
o
N
D
U
c
T
I
V
I
T
Y
2
5
D
E
G
C
E
N
T
SINGLE. SAMPLE VALUES < 7 11027-74.0515 >
130.0-T
120.0- -
S0.0--
Q0.0--
30.0--
M
I
C
R
O
M
H
O
—I 1—I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FSB MAR APR MAY JUN JTJL AUQ SEP OCT NCV DEC
E.LWAH RIVER NEAR PORT ANGELES
-------
13.0-p
SINGLE: SAMPLE VALUES (711027-74.0513 >
I
s
s
o
L
V
E
D
12.0--
CLASS AA STANDARD
Q.0--
O
X
V
G
E
N
B.0--
M
G
3.0-
•i—h
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUM JTJL AUB SEP OCT NCV DEC
1 1 1
ELWAH RIVER NEAR PORT ANGELES
-------
S.0-T
SINSLE SAMPLE VALUES < 7 11027-74.03 13 >
e.s-
p
H
7.S-I-
7.0--
B.S-i,
B.0--
-I 1 1
\ 1 1 1
JAN
FEB MAR APR MAY JTJN JTJL ALG SEP OCT
ELWHA RIVER NEAR PORT ANGELES
NOV DEC
-------
0.08-r
SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES < 7 1 1027-74.0SJ.S
T
O
T
A
L
P
H
O
3
P
M
O
R
U
3
Q
L
P
0.0B--
0.04— -
0.02-
LIMITING ALGAL BLOOM CONCENTRATION
\ \ 1 1 1 1 \
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JIM JUL AUS SEP OCT NCV DEC
CD
ELWHA RIVER NEAR PORT ANGELES
-------
79
Duwamish-Green River Basin
-------
DUWAMISH-GREEN RIVER BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
1. Drainage Area - 399 sq. m.
2. Average Flow - ( At Auburn ) mean = 1 306 cfs
min. = 662 cfs
max. = 1 875 cfs
3. Waste Sources - <2.2.
U. Major Diversions - Domestic - 30 cfs
Industrial - 55 cfs
Irrigation - U 500 acre-feet
5. Surface Water Rights - Municipal - 118.28 cfs
Irrigation - 58.85 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - 11.2^ cfs
Industrial & Commercial - 11.15 cfs
Fish. Propogatlon - 39 cfs
Stock - 1.25 cfs
Total 2l*H.l*7 cfs
6. Surface Water Rights - U2 acre-feet
7. Projected Population - 1980 . 2000 2020
2,270,000 3,619,900
-------
GREEN-DUWAMISH RIVER BASIN
WRIA
RIVERMILE 0.2
@ RIVERMILE U.O
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA (g
RIVERMILE 23.0 -
RIVERMILE hi.9
@ RIVERMILE 33.8
oo
-------
82
DUWAMISH - GREEN RIVER BASIN
REPORTED PROBLEMS
1. Total Nitrate and total Phosphorus values generally exceed
the algal "bloom potential concentration as the river approaches
it's mouth throughout the year.
2. Total Coliform concentrations occasionally violate Class B standard'
from river mile 0 to river mile' 12, and generally violate Class A
standard from river mile 12 upstream.
3- Temperature values have been known to occasionally exceed the
•x
Class A standard on the Green-Duwamish River.
h. Dissolved Oxygen values violate standards periodically from
the mouth to approximately river mile 15 on the Green-Duwamish
river.
-------
T
£
n
F
D
E
G
R
E
C
E
N
T
Y
TEflFERATURt.
ON THE GREEN-DUWAMISH RIVER
20_Cl
/////////////////S
ass B (fresh-21.0)
(marine - 19.0)
-M-
EH
W
M
W EH
M CO
o
EH
PL,
gEn
W
'/////////S.
Washington Class A Std. (18.5)
20 30
RIVER MILES
J
o
DOE/USGS DATA
11/70 -
8=85 PCT-
M= MEDIAN
1=15 PCT.
X
33.
CD
-------
Y
S0-r
TURSIDIT'*
ON THE GREEN-DUWAM I SH RIVER
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
32J--
20--
10--
DOE/USGS DATA
^
11/70 - 4/74
8=85 PCT.
M=MEDIAN
1=15 PCT.
RIVER MILES
X
00
-------
CONDUCTIVITY
ON THE. GREEN -DUWAfl I SH RIVE.R
DOE/US.GS DATA
H/70 - 4/74
8=85 PCT.
M=MEDIAN
1=15 PCT.
CO
H
>
«
o
EH
i
EH
CO
&
CO
RIVE.R MILES
J
M
W
CO
8bd
CO W
0§
H O
co
-------
DISSOLVED OXiQEN
ON THE GREEN-DUUAMISH RIVER
D
I
3
3
O
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
G
£
N
M
G
Washington Class A Std. (8.0)
DOE/USCS DATA
11/70 - 4/74
8=85 PCT.
M=MEDIAN
1=15 PCT.
Class B (fresh-6.5)
Class B (marine-5.(
10
i 1
' 1
20 33 40 3
RIVER MILES
J
M-4
< "S, W
EH 0 K to
CO EH 0 0
ME*, 0 W
r> § H w w '
K PL, pt, M O S
W EH O EH ' W M t->
Ht CO > K CO «
X
CD
o\
-------
r
H
Y
S.0-T-
ON THE GREEN-DUUAMISH RIVER
8.3-
'///y//r/////^/^///y///y//r/^^^
Washington Class A & B Std. (fresh & marine)
7.3-
7.0-J
B.S-
Y//////////////////S
Class B (marine)
r////////////y//y//r/y^^^
Class A & B (fresh)
JDOE/USGS DATA
11/70 - 4/74
8=85 PCT.
M= MEDIAN
1=15 PCT.
X
20
33
S0
RIVER MILES
O
EH
CO
O
K CL,
W E-<
M CO
PL,
O EH
K CO
00
-------
T
O
T
A
t
N
I
T
R
A
T
£
n
s
/
L
N
0.20—
TOTAL NITRATE.
ON THE GREEN-DUWAM I SH RIVER
/y///w/^^^
Algal Bloom Potential (.3)
DOE/USGS DATA
11/70 - 4/74
8=35 PCT.
M=MEDIAK
1=15 PCT.
E-i
CO
1 — 1
p^ fL,
WE-* *
M CO
10 20 20
RIVER MILES
J
O 3 CO
ft 0 0
&3 1 1 ^
PL, • M o
SB . X M
CO pQ
40 S
&
o
X
OO
Co
-------
T
O
T
A
L
P
H
P
H
O
R
U
S
M
G
L
P
Y
0.33-T-
TOTAL PHOSPHORUS
ON THE. GREEN-DUWAM ISH RIVER
0.1S--
0.10--
-<3?^/y///&//y/r^/'^^^^
Algal Bloom Potential ^-v^ ^>J——M
10
K PH
W H
H CO
2:
O
20 30
RIVER MILES
J
o
tn
8
w
PC)
DOE/USGS DATA
*
11/70 - 4/74
8=85 PCT.
M=MEDIAN
1=15
30.
X
-------
TOTAL COLIFORM
ON THE GREEN-DUWAMISH RIVER
T
O
T
A
L
C
O
L
I
F
O
R
n
1
0
0
M
L
DOE AJSGS
11/70 - 4/74
8=85 PCT.
M= MEDIAN
1=15 PCT.
Class B (10% - 2400)
^*****^^^
T / (median - 1000) ' "~^-^_ *^N^ (20Z - 1000)
^
Wash. Clais A Std. (median - 240)
10
EH
CO
20 30
RIVER MILES
J
SCJ
K d,
H EH'
M W
CL,
E-i
W
O K
M O
-------
91
NISQUALLY RIVER BASIN
-------
WR1A (15)
NISQUALLY RIVER BASIN
RIVERMILE 3.8 -)
RIVERMILE 51.0.
ISNOQUALMIE
"°! NATIONAL "*
ITATUTI IMLII
"? T^"
/^. r^
/ (""AFFORD/ ||
V-^-A V'NCHOT /
'. NATIONAL V
V' c'npF<;Ti \
-------
93
NISQUALLY RIVER BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
1. Drainage Area - 292 sq. m.
2. Average Flow - ( at La Grande ) mean = 1 385 cfs
min. = 803 cfs
max. = 2 092 cfs
3. Waste Sources - to
U. Major Diversions - Domestic - 12 cfs
Industrial - 10 cfs
Hydropower - 5 650 cfs
Irrigation - 8 000•acre-feet
5. Surface Waiter Rights - Municipal - 25 cfs
Irrigation - 32.13 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - lU.13 cfs
Fish. Propogation - 13•16 cfs
Stock - 1.76 cfs
Total - 5,922.85 cfs
6. Reservoir Storage Rights - 210,060 acre-feet
7- Projected Population - included in Deschutes Basin Estimate
-------
NISQUALLY RIVER BASIN
REPORTED PROBLEMS
1. Total Coliform values generally violate current water
quality standards from river mile 0 to mile 30.
2. Total Phosphorus occasionally exceeos the limiting algal bloom
concentration throughout the river.
-------
Y
20.
T
E
M
P
Q
R
E
E
3
C
E
N
T
ie.0--
12.
S.
WATER T EMFERATURE
ON THE NI3Q.UALLY RIVER
U2»
o
CQ
I
g
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
225 33
RIVER HILES
4^23
i
i
w w
gg
0 O
o
§
i
i
i
K
a
W
DOE/USGS DATA
01/72 - 09/73
' g . '85?
/VJ Median
1 15*
3ZJ
03
X
VO
-------
Y
S0.0-1-
TURBIDITY
ON THE NISGIUALLV RIVER
60.
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
40.
20.0-4-
10
20
RIVER MILES
I
i
o o
E-i
I
I
o
a
DOE/USGS DATA
01/72 - 09/73
g . '85*
M Median
1
1 * j , ",
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1 1
1 1
1 1
ESS
X
-------
C
O
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y
Y
125.0-r
CONDUCTI V I TY
ON THE NI3QUALLY RIVER
DOE/USGS DATA
01/72 - 09/73
UZ0.0-4-
73
30,
23.0-4-
B;
o
20 S3
RIVER MILES
I
4:
! !
I I
o o
P;
I
PL,
§
Medlar
15*
X
az>
vo
-------
jXYGEN
ON THE NISQ.UALLY RIVER
IS-r
t>
I
S
3
O
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
G
E
N
M
G
DOE/USS3 DATA
01/72 - 08/73
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
o
CO
o
EH
IVER MILES
i i
i i
i i
i i
i i
O yj^
o o
si
*3l ^
S O
g
§
o
s
CO
-------
Y
S.0-1-
ON THE NISQUALLY RIVER
3.!
8-
7.1
T»
H 7.1
e.:
e.
s.:
DOE/USGS DATA
01/72 - 09/73
g .'85*
M Median
. 1 15*
cy
s
1
X
o
RIVER MILES
i i i
i i i
i i i
i i i
^ ik
o
PL.
8
§
o
-------
T
O
T
A
N
I
T
R
A
T
E
M
G
/
L
N
Y
0.3S-r
0-30-
0.
0.20- -
0.1S--
0.10--
0.03--
TOTAL N I TRA T E.
ON THE NI9QUALLY RIVER
10
o
w
DOE/USGS DATA
01/72 - 09/73
/VJ
1
Median
Til FIT +.i
ProductivitT ^Concentration-
20
RIVER MILES
I I
I I
I I
Jj Jj
w w
« oi a;
o o o
1
3
I
o
I
I
I
I
t
K
a
X
O
o
-------
T
O
T
A
L
P
H
O
3
P
H
O
R
U
S
M
G
L
P
Y
TOTAL PHOSPHORUS
ON THE NI9QUALLY RIVER
0.
0.S0--
0.10--
Limiting Algal Productivity Concentration
§
to
RIVER MILES
i i
i i
i i
i i
o
OH
a
x x
O CO
EOE/USGS DATA
01/72 - 09/73
S . '85*
M Median
X
az»
H
O
-------
T
O
T
A
L
C
O
L
I
F
O
R
M
1
0
0
M
L
TOTAL OOLIFORM
ON THE. NISQUAUl-Y RIVER
DOE/USGS DATA
01/72 - 09/73
g . '85!?
M Median
( 20% - 1.000
1 Median - 2J+0 \_ r
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
( Median - 50 )
10
R IVER M I L.E.S
§
w
O
a,
S 5
o S
§
H
O
IV)
-------
103
NOOKSACK RIVER BASIN
-------
NOOKSACK RIVEB BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
1. Drainage Area - 58^ sq_. m.
2. Average Flow - ( at Deming ) mean = 3 217 cfs
min. = 2 220 cfs
max. = 4 3^2 cfs
3. Waste Sources - 9
k. Major Diversions - Domestic - 15 cfs
Industrial- 83 cfs
Hydropower- 125 cfs
Irrigation- 12 500 acre feet
5. Surface Wa,ter Rights - Municipal - 308.12 cfs
Irrigation - 119-^5 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - U6.27 cfs
Industrial & Commercial - 39-81 cfs
Fish. Propogation - 19-57 cfs
Stock - 3.2U cfs
Total - 64U.17 cfs
6. Reservoir Storage Rights - 5 671 acre-feet
7. Projected Population ;- 1980 2000 2020
91,600 123,500 168,700
-------
NOOKSACK RIVER BASIN
^ v -
i. —-•
WATER RESOURCE INVENTOHY ABEA0
H
o
-------
106
NOOKSACK RIVER BASIN
'REPORTED PROBLEMS
1. Total Nitrate and total Phosphorus values approach, and
at points exceed, the algal "bloom potential concentration
from river mile 0 through 30.
2. Total Coliform values occasionally violate the Washington
state Class A standard throughout river miles 0 to 30, with
the highest frequency of violation near the mouth.
-------
3333--
F
L
O
w
c
F
5
44320- -
3B33- -
U333— —
NOOKSACK RIVER AT LYNDEN
U.S.Q.S. DATA MEAN VALUES
10/Bl-4./B4.«O 1 a/70-3/7 «-=X
JAN FEB
APR
JUN JTJL ALB SEP OCT NC*/ DEC
TIME
-------
DOE A S DATA
12/70 - 3/74
Y
20.0-r
T
£
n
p
G
R
£
£
S
c
E
N
T
IB.0--
8.0--
y//r/r///y//r/m^^
Washington Class A Standard (18.5)
-n
15
33
X
RIVER MIL E £
MAINSTEM NOOKSACK
i
i
w
I
e
o
I
EH
CO
M
b.
I
I
I
I
I
I
E
O
I
gco
•a K
ss
o
CD
-------
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
Y
DOE/USGS DAT/
12/70 - 3/74
2
-M-
-fl
15
2S
C30
35
RIV£R MILES
MAINSTEM NOOKSACK
i
i
w
§
o
CO
M
b.
I
I
I
I
1
I
O
a
g
w
o
CO
-------
c
o
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y
n
i
c
R
O
n
N
O
Y
IS0-T
120--
DOE/USGS DATA
12/70 - 3/74
fS>
o
V£>
O
o
a
n
g
•z
o
15
25
33
R I VE.R n I LES
MAINSTEM NOOKSACK
i
t_>
?*•
E-i
CO
as
a
o
CO
-------
DOE ./USG. JATA
12/70 - 3/74
Y
14..(
C
I
3
S
o
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
O
E
N
13.0--
12.0--
11.
10.0--
S.0--
Washin
^^^
-------
DOE/Ub^S DATA
12/70 - 3/74
Y
^y//r/wy/y//y///y/^^^
8.0--
H
7.0--
e.
s..1
n>
Q>
3
0.
01
-e-
-n-
^y/yr/r//?/?/?/?/?/^^^^
t
is
33
X
RIVE ?? n I L. E S
MAINSTEM NOOKSACK
I
CO
Q
I I
I I
I I
&&
o
CO
IV)
-------
0.50-r
^ OATA
T
O
T
A
L
N
I
T
R
A
T
E
M
0.40--
12/70 - 12/73
857,
MEDIAN
157.
0.20--
n50^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^.> ''///&/r^////r/////,
Algal Bloom Potential g
53
O
-M
L
N
0.10--
10
15
25
443
RIVER MILES
MAINSTEM NOOKSACK
J
-e
J:
EH
W
Q
I
I
I
I
O
s
I I
.as
gra
M
U)
O
. W
-------
0-1!
P
H
O
S
P
H
O
R
U
S
T
O
T
A
L
M
G
0.12--
0.03
0.0B--
DOE/USGS t.-.A
12/70 - 2/74
Algal Bloom Potential (.05)
L
P
0.03--
10
15
20
25
35
R I VER M I I_ES
MAINSTEM NOOKSACK
i
i
w
I
EH
CO
O
S
O
2
I I
I I
W
s
O
ra
H
H
-------
DOE /USG5
12/70 - 3/74
Washington Class A Standard
median (240)
443
R IVE.R M I L.E.S
MAINSTEM NOOKSACK
I
53
O
I I
I I
I I
^
w w
ss
o o
I I
cU
EH
W
W
O
W
-------
116
PUYALLUP RIVER BASIN
-------
117
PUYALLUP RIVER BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
1. Drainage Area - 9^8 sq. m.
2. Average Flow - ( Puyallup R at Puyallup ) - 3 292 cfs
min. - 2 087 cfs
max. - H 927 cfs
3. Waste Sources - Ifc
^. Major Diversions : Fish & Game - 28 cfs
Domestic - ^1 cfs
Industrial - Ho cfs
Hydropower - 5&50 cfs
Irrigation - 8000 acre-feet
5. Surface Water Rights : Municipal - 725-^5 cfs
Irrigation- 55-59 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - 8U.22 cfs
Industrial & Commercial - Uo cfs
Fish. Propogation - 70.33 cfs
Stock - 9-28. cfs
Total - 961.73 cfs
6. Reservoir Storage Rights - 51 671 acre-feet
7. Projected Population - 1980 2000 2020
'1^9,800 700,000 1,107,500
-------
gRIVERMILE 5.0
PUYALLUP RIVER BASIN
/
MOUNT RAINIER ««»«•"««•
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA (so)
)
H
H
nn
-------
119
PUYALLUP RIVER BASIN
REPORTED PROBLEMS
1. Total Nitrate and Total Phosphorus values generally exceed
the limiting algal productivity concentration throughout the Puyallup
river and the lower miles on the White river.
2. Turbidity values generally exceed the standard throughout the
Puyallup and White Rivers.
3- The dissolved oxygen content violates the water quality standard
as "both the Puyallup and White rivers approach their mouths.
k. The Total Coliform values generally exceed the water quality standard
throughout "both the Puyallup and White river.
-------
£
n
p
G
R
£
£
N
Y
ier-
WATE.R TE.MF E.F.ATURS.
ON THE. PUYALLUP RIVER
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
D02/USGS DATA
11/70 - 09/72
8 85%
W Median
1
i
s
II
1
1
1
1
1
^
s
8.
! ! 1 l 1
1£3 13 23 2S "2,
RT \/ cr c1 MTr c* ^
A. V C» £\. ( 1 i L» CZ. Cj
1
1
1
1
1
Q "
dr K
•^ . , « B;
t3 p w o
5 g§ a
S Ss §
CL, S: CO o
X
I-1
ro
o
-------
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
o
3
E-i
TURSIDITY
ON THE. PUYALL.UP R I V £ R
JXWUSGS DATA
11/70 - 09/72
I
Median
15*
l
S3
23
X
S3
j
3
5
K
s
S CO
ro
-------
i£E£~a
V
c
o
N „
D 1S
U
C
T
T
V
I
T
Y
n
i
c
R
O
n
H
o
1
3232324
;
-
w
**5*7^V-
La»**»-Jty^
1
i
•- J
1£*3-
*^*-"*^-<
_j
-^
§
CONDUCT IV I TY
O.N THE, •PUYALLUP RIVER
-L
PL,
DOE/USGS DATA
11/70 - 09/72
8_ 85!?
/^ Median
I
15
O
I
o
M
no
ro
-------
I
s
s
o
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
G
c
N
DISSOLVED OXVGEN
ON THE PLJYALLUP RIVER
TCfe/USGS DATA
11/70 - 09/72
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
Median
1555
.. .1 !
i i
*3 * \?
I
i i
i i
!
s
!
f ! I !
i i ! !
L3 S3 £3 3;
.RIVER MILES
i
i
i
i
X
o
OH.
no
u>
-------
"PH
ON THE, PUYALLUP RIVER
P
•H
DOE/USGS DATA
11/70 - 09/72
Median
15*
I X
RIVER MILES
o
u
I
I
I
I
I
I
K
IV)
-t=-
-------
T
O
T
A
L
N
I
T
R
A
T
E.
n
G
N
TOTAL N 1 ,": A T E.
ON TH£ PUYALLUP RIVE.R
0.73-r
0.ESJ--
DOE/USQS DATA
1 1/70 - C5S/72
8 - SS 70
M - MEDIAN
- IS %
0.4-5
LIMITING ALGAL. PRODUCTIVITY CONC&MJRAT I ON
RIVE.R MILE
o
o
PH
w w
ro
vn
-------
T
O
T
A
L
•P
H
O
s
p
H
O
R-
U
s
M
G
TOTAL. PHOSPHORUS
ON THE PUVALLUP RIV£R
0.1S-I-
0.12-r-
0.03-r
DOEL/USQS "DATA
I 1/70 -
8 - 85 %
M - HELDIAN
1 - IS %
LIMITING Al-SAL PRODUCTIVITV CONCENTRATION
1
1
1
1
1
s
EH
ill 1
f~ 1 i r 1
S 10 IS 20 23 S
IVE.R rl I u E.
1 1
1 1
1 1
! !.
5 K
d w S °
S 3 s <
a. s'to o
ro
cr\
-------
T
A
O
O
L.
J.
F
O
R
M
1
23
M
L
TOTAL. OI IFORM
ON T'HE. PUYALLLJP RIVER
1
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
DOE/USGS DATA
11/70 - 09/72
Median
RIVER MILES
1
1
t
1
1
1<
r>
q
3
i
I
i
I
1
K
cr
r . K-.
p
J-
c
f-1
rv>
-------
128
WHITE RIVER
-------
IRIVERMLE 5.0
PUYALLUP RIVER BASIN
WHITE RIVER
@RIVERMILE 6.3
/WHITE RIVER
v /IRIVERMILE 23
WRIA (12
WHITE .BIVER
@RIVERMILE 1.1
gRIVERMILE
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA
ro
vo
-------
Y
UATE.R
ON THE. WHITE: RIVER
T
E
M
t>
E.
G
R
E
E
3
C
E
N
T
12--
8--
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
20 33
RIVER MILES
i
o
K
CO
I
Ji
£
M
-------
Y
ISS0-T
TURBID I TV
ON THE WHITE RI
80--
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
V
£33--
40--
20--
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
30
•H9
RIVER
_DOE/USGS DATA
11/70 - 09/73
9 85*
M Median
X
PQ
05
g
s
CO
K
K
a
o
05
K
W
O
S
EH
LO
H1
-------
o
o
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
X
T
V
Y
120-r
IS&--
60--
03--
CONDUCTIV ITY
ON THE, WHITE RI
J
I
i
a3 33
RIVER MILES
i
13
I
w
cc
K
Ji
K
DOE/USGS DATA
11/70 - 09/73
M Median
15*
X
H
UJ
-------
D
I
S
S
O
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
G
E
N
n
DiS~_/LVED OXYGEN
ON THE UH^K. RIVER
15--
12--
r
i
WATER QUALITY STANDARD I
-8
DOE/USG3 DATA
H/70 - 0B/73
8 ~ 85%
M - MEDIAN
1 - 13%
B--
10
20
'33
RIVER MILES
M (^
EH §
W
I
K
K
PS
W
3
w
S
CO
e
U)
U)
-------
Y
10.0-T-
a.0- -
H 8.0- -
7.0--
B.S-
ON THE WHITE RIVER
as as
RIVER MILES
EH
to
DOE/USGS DATA
11/70 - 09/73
§ 85*
M Median
15*
H X
32
K
EH
03
«
w
g
EH
U)
-p-
-------
T
O
T
A
L
N
X
T
R
A
T
E
M
Q
/
L.
N
Y
0.Q0-T
TOTAU NITRATE
ON THE WHITE RIVER
0.20-h
0.10-h
Limiting Algal Productivity Concentration
w
IK
K
IX3E/USGS DATA
11/70 - 09/73
9 85*
M Median
15*
RIVER MIL.E3
X
I
a
4-1
U)
-------
T
O
T
A
p
H
O
s
H
O
R
U
S
fl
Q
L
P
j
i
K
TOTAL FH
ON THE WHITE RIVER
S3 33
RIVER MILES
W
6
CO
i
K
O
DOE/USGS DATA
11/70 - 09/73
§ 85?
M Median
X
K
w
EH
ON.
-------
TOTAL
ON THE. WHITE, RIVER
\sxssxy~r~
T
O
T
A
L
0
O
t_
z
F
O
R
M
1
0
0
M
L
\sxxy~"
DOE/U5GS DATA
11/70 - 09/73
8 85*
M Median
15*
WATER QUALITY STANDARD
10
20
R IVER
1
30
K
<
g g
CO
-------
138
SKAGIT RIVER BASIN
-------
139
SKAGIT RIVER BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
It Drainage .Area - 1 175 sq.. m.
2. Average Flow - ( at Nevhalem ) mean = k 351 cfs
min. = 2 717 cfs
max. = 6 276 cfs
3- Waste Sources - 11
k. Major Diversions - Fish & Game - 25 cfs
Domestic - 5 cfs
Industrial - 29 cfs
Hydropower - 35 2^0 cfs
Irrigation - 3 000 acre-feet
5. Surface Water .Rights - Municipal -l6l.5 cfs
Irrigation- ^8.53 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - 56.67 cfs
Industrial & Commercial - 29-5^ cfs,
Fish. Propogation - 106.63 cfs
Stock - .81 cfs
Total - 37 97^-22 cfs
6. Reservoir Storage Rights - k,hlh,Q89
7- Projected Population,- I960 " 2000 2020
6U,200 86,500 118,200
-------
SKAGIT RIVER BASIN
WRIA® I
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA 3
gRIVERMILE
\
—^cr> .)
gRIVERMILE 8.1
/ " Xl^ /
gRIVERMILE U.
*,. +
-------
iki
'". '•• CANADA
BRntSH_'";"_ .COLUMBIA
SKAGIT RIVER BASIN
WATER RESOURCE INVKNTOHY AREA 0
-------
11*2
SKAGIT RIVER BASIN
REPORTED PROBLEMS
1. Total Coliform concentrations generally violate the Wash.
State Water Quality Class A Standard from river mile 0 to
river mile 25, and the Wash. State Class AA Standard from
river mile 25 to the end.
2. Total phosphorous concentrations have been known to exceed
the Algal Bloom Potential Concentration in the lower river
miles on the Skagit River.
-------
DO.-: / uses LV-A
Y
20.0-r
TEMPERATURE OH THE SKAGIT RIVER
T
E
M
D
£
Q
R
£
£
3
C
£
N
T
J.B.0--
14..0--
12.0- -
Class A Standard
g
I
PC,
EH
M
O
^^^%^^%^^
Class AA Standard
10
20
40 S3 B2J
RIVER MILES
70
S0 1J22J
X
§
w
CO
I
I
I
1
k
s
-F*
U)
-------
T
U
Ft
B
I
D
I
T
V
TURBIDITY ON THE SKAGIT RIVES
IOXD
X
w
B
EH
M
o
§
1
w
CO
S
I
M
•P*
' CO O
-------
CONDUCTIVITY ON THE SKAGIT RIVER
O
o
N
D
U
C
T
Z
V
I
T
V
M
I
C
R
O
n
M
o
SO)
40 s0 ess
RIVER flZt-E.3
70}
ess
X
1
EH
H
O
g
Q
H
CO
I
I
I
1
3
o
-------
D
I
S
S
o
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
G
E
N
n
B
Y
14-.0-T-
13.0- -
12.0- -
11.0--
10-0--
S.0-
Washington Class AA Standard (9.5)
'4xr//y/r/#y///^^^^
Class A (8.0)
p^^
10 '20
30 4£! 50 60
RIVER MILES
70 80 90 100
X
P3
W
E-i
HI
o
I-J
g
M
-t-
-------
DOE / US^S DATA
Y
S.0-T-
y//r^^^^
p
H
8.0--
71
• »
7.0--
s.:
u
to
^9^//y^r/s///r/M'/y^^^
20 33 40 50 60
RIVER MILES
70
80
az>
1EJ3
X
w
s
ca
CO
EH
M
O
I
I
I
I
I
f-t
i
1
I
I
I
I
I
s
s
I
w
!§
g
-------
Y
T
O
T
A
U
N
I
T
R
A
T
£
n
Q
/
U
N
.r3^/r/^//#y////ar^^^^
Algal Bloom Potential
0.
0.20--
0.15--
0.10--
0.05--
1
ra
X
10
40 SSS S3
RIVER MILES
S2J
i
I
w
CO
g
s
w
s
O
OO
-------
DOE / USGS D'TA
r
o
T
A
L
P
H
O
S
P
M
O
R
U
S
M
8
Algal Bloom Potential (.05)
30 B3 70 80 33 100
10
X
1
g-
i
K>
i
I
1 ra c>
-------
TOTAL COLIFORM ON THE SKAGIT RIVER
T
O
T
A
L
O
L
I
F
O
R
n
i
a
0
M
L
Wash. Class AA Standard (med-50)
RIVE.R MILES
100
I
I
I
I
&
w
CO
M
fc-
EH
M
O
§
s
§
O
g
H
U1
O
-------
151
SKOKOMISH - HAMMA HAMMA - DUCKABUSH - DOSEHALLIPS
RIVER BASIN
-------
152
SKOKOmSH-HAMMA-HAMMA-DUCKABUSH-DOSEWALLIPS RIVER BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
1. Drainage Area -1*12.2 sq. m.
2. Average Flow - ( at "Jloodsport ) mean = ^87 cfs
min. = 256 cfs
max. = 688 cfs
( at Index ) mean = 2 385 cfs
min. = 1 352 cfs
max. = 3 383 cfs
3. Waste Sources - 0
h. Major Diversions - Domestic - 2 cfs
Industrial - 2 cfs
Hydropower - 2 800 cfs
5- Surface Water Rights - Municipal - .5 cfs
Irrigation - 12.35 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - itl.^2 cfs
Industrial & Commercial - .7 cfs
Fish. Propogation - 73.^7 cfs
Stock - .15 cfs
Total - 2,709-37 cfs
6. Reservoir Storage Rights - ^17,300 acre-feet
7. Projected Population - . 1980 2000 2020
175,000 37^,100 632,700
-------
\
I tam»KCANAL •
\ WRIA @
WRIA (15)
SKOKOMISH-DOSEWALLIPS-
DUCXABUSH-HAWA-HAMMA
RIVER BASIN
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA
SCALE MK.OOO
tlATXTTI ML£S
\ WRIA
-------
SKOKOMISH RIVER AT FOTL.ATOH
MEAN VALUES 1S71-1S74.
300-1-
U. S.Q.S.
DATA
200--
O
w
c
F
s
100--
-&•
JAN FEB
-\ - \- - 1 - 1
1 - 1
APR rV»Y JUN JUL AUB SEP OCT NOV DEC
TIME
-------
SINGLE, SAMPLE, VALUES < 7 11027-74.05 IS>
18.0-r
T
E
n
p
E
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
E
N
T
I
6
R
A
D
E
1S.0--
12.0--
S.0--
B.0--
3.0--
H 1 1-
1 - 1 - 1
1 - 1 - 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL ALO SEP OCT
DEC
SKOKOMISH RIVER NEAR POTLATCH
-------
SINQLE SAMPLE VALUES < 7 I 1027-74.0S 1 S >
13.0-1-
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
12.0-1-
S.04-
B.04-
3.04-
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUB SEP CDCT NC3V/ DEC
H h
1 1 1
VJl
ON
SKOKOMISH RIVER NEAR POTL.ATCH
-------
0
o
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
V
SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES < 7 1 1027-7 4.03 IS >
130.0-r
120.0--
"2.
3
D
E
G
C
E
N
T
n
i
c
R
O
M
H
O
£0.0--
60.0--
30.0--
-I 1 h
JAN
1 1 1 1 1 1
\j\
FSB MAR APR PVkY JLJN JDL AUO SSP OCT
SKOKOMISH RIVER NEAR POTLATCH
NOV DEC
-------
SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES < 7 1 1027-74.0S 1 3 >
CD
iS.0-r
12.0--
8.0--
CLASS AA STANDARD (9-5)
B.0--
3.0--
1—I—I
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUB SEP OCT NCV DEC
SKOKOMISH RIVER NEAR POTLATCH
-------
SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES ( 7 1 1027-74.03 I 3 >
S.0-T
e.s4
p
H
8.0-
7.3-j-
7.0-
CO
1-3
e.3-1
H h
f—J. L I—I 1
JAW FES MAR APR MAY JUN JU_ AUS SEP OCT
SKOKDMISH RIVER NEAR POTLATCH
NOV DEC
MD
-------
SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES < 7 11027-74.03 i.S >
T
O
T
A
L
N
I
T
R
A
T
E
M
Q
/
L
N
0-32-
0.27--
0.24.--
0.21--
0.18-
0.15--
0.12- -
0.09--
0.0B--
0.03 —
LIMITING ALGAL PRODUCTIVITY CONCENTRATION
\ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUQ SEP OCT NOV DEC
SKOK.OMISH RIVER NEAR POTLATCH
o
-------
SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES C 7 1 1027-74.03 1 3 >
0.08-r
T
O
T
A
L
P
H
O
s
P
H
O
R
U
S
M
L
P
0.0B-I-
LIMITING ALGAL PRODUCTIVITY CONCENTRATION
0.04—-
0.02--
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUS SEP OCT MOV DEC
SKOKOMISN RIVER NEAR POTLATCH
-------
162
SNOHOMISH RIVER BASIN
-------
163
SNOHOMISH RIVER BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
1. Drainage Area - 1 537 SQ.- m.
2, Average Flow - ( nr. Monroe ) mean = 11,860 cfs
min. = 1,900 cfs
max. = 55,100 cfs
3. Waste Sources - \n
k. Major Diversions - Domestic - Il6 cfs
Industrial- 185 cfs
Hydropower- 2520 cfs
Irrigation- 12,000 acre-feet
5. Surface Water Rights - Municipal - 695113 cfs
Irrigation- 83.78 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - 57-69 cfs
Industrial & Commercial - 108.38 cfs
Fish. Propogation - 2*^.77 cfs
Stock - 1.1 cfs
Total - 1,805 -18 cfs
6. Reservoir Storage Rights - 195,935 cfs
7. Projected Population - 1980 2000 2020
297,800 1*67,800 761,^00
-------
SNOHOMISH RIVER BASIN
WRtA©
WR1A0
@SNOQUALMIE
CONFLUENCE
SNOQUALMIE RIVER
STATION @ R.M. 0.2
SNOQUALMIE RIVER
STATION @ R.M. 23-0
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA ©
-------
165
SNOHOMISH RIVER BASIN
REPORTED PROBLEMS
1. Total Nitrate and Total Phosphorus values are occasionally
exceeding the limiting algal bloom potential concentration on
both the Snohomish and Snoqualmie river.
2. Total Coliform concentrations occasionally violate standards
on the Snoqualmie with increasing frequency as one travels up-
stream, while violations occur with increasing frequency on the
Snohomish as one approaches it's mouth.
3. Dissolved Oxygen levels fall below standards on the Snoqualmie
near the mouth occasionally.
-------
166
SNOQUALMIE RIVEB
-------
SNOQUALMIE RIVER NEAR CARNATION
F
L
O
w
c
F
S
£3333 ~ —
2033 ~ ~
U.S.Q.S. DATA MEAN VALES
DATE RANGED ie/70 - 4-X74.
^—i—i—t-
i—i—i—i—i
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AU3 SEP OCT NOV DEC
-------
TEM'PERATU.RE ON THE SN»^B|At_MIE RIVER
DOE / USGS DATA
Y
SZJ-r-
y/^/y//^///////y//JV7/////^^^^
Washington Class A Standard (18.5)
IB4-
T
E
M
P
D
E
G
R
E
-E
S
c
E
N
T
8-4-
10 13
RIVER MILES
23
M
ON
Co
-I X
SZJ
w
CO
w
hJ
CL,
O
H
Pn
O
^
K
B
ro
M
o
O
o o
a
o
-------
TURBIDITY ON THE SNO..J
IE RIVER
Y
2ZH-
19--
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
12.--
-M
-I
I
10
X
20
23
RIVER MILES
H
.1
(li
O
w
PH
I
i
05
05
i
CJ
P3
EH
o
K>
s.a
o
o o
M EH
W
K
O
a
o
H
0\
VO
-------
CONDUCTIVITY ON TME Sr N C-.BPTL M I £ RIVER
DOE / USGS DATA
Y
73-r
C
O
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y
M
I
C
R
O
M
H
O
13--
3'
10 IS
RIVER MILES
H X
23
-
o.
o
w
w
o
M
O
K
I
si
w
p
w
OK
O
w
K
O
a
o
-------
DOE / USGS DATA
Ts
I
,-r_L
I
I
Si
1
1
1
1
gi
£l
O
o
1
1
1
1
K
S
p^
EH
,J
1
1
1
1
id
•*-•]
K
0
£^
O O
x
-------
ON THE SNOQUAUJii
IVER
Y
a.
^v////////////////^///?^^/^^^^
8.1
7.3--
r
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7.0- -
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0)
to
3
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01
to
W
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CO
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01
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^///r/r////////////^tKr/^^^^
-ir
ib
is
-I X
RIVER MILES
I I
I I
I I
O
CO
PH
O
£
05
05
EH
W
O •
O
*s
O O
a
O
-------
TOTAL NITRATE ON THE
LMIE RIVER
T
O
T
A
L
N
r
T
R
A
T
E
n
G
/
L
N
Y
0.22H-
0.
•3s^^/^w/^//r/&y/&//^^^
Algal Bloom Potential
0.12H-
DOE / USGS DATA
12/70 - 10/73
8-" 85%
M MEDIAN
**-•£ '157.
-M
10 IS
RIVER MILES
X
O
ra
I
O
K
EH
O
O
fe
a
O
-------
TOTAL PHOSPHORUS ON THE ~ e*
ALMIE RIVER-
DOE / USGS DATA
T
O
T
A
L
P
H
O
S
P
H
O
R
U
3
M
G
L
P
Algal Bloom Potential (.05)
I X
RIVER MILES
§
ft-
I
I
w
K
W
O
i
i
i
w
•s
O
w
M
O K
O
O O
8
M
fe
a
O
-------
TOTAL COLIFORH ON THE £
ALIIIE RIVER
T
o
T
A
L
C
O
L
I
F
O
R
M
1
0
0
M
L
\SXSBXO~r
i2^;%2?552;2^^^
Washington Class A Standard (207.)--
(med. - 240)
^^^^5^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^JI
\
10
is
RIVER MILES
to
w
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§
(C
w
o
I
I
W
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M
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r
o
l-l
fe
a
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-------
176
SNOHOMISH RIVER
-------
WATER TEMPERATURE ON .HE '^N OHOMISH RIVER
DOE / USGS DATA
20-r-
LB--
T
£
M
P
r>
E
G
R
E
E
S
C
E
N
T
12--
O_ —
Washington Class A Standard, KM 8-36 (18.5)
J CQ
—' b_-i
X
4-3
50
RIVER MILES
AUSER CO.
ERETT STP
EYE
'
i
i
A
j
i
i
i
F-
E-H
i i
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MO
a
CO
'-— i y ^-<
is Go
0 3 p;
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PH
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j
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cc
o
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^ § 8
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W W
gg
O O
CT
P
PROCTOR CRE
I
I
I
I
K
REEK
RIVE
ANDERSON
SKYKOMIS
-------
DOE / USGS DATA
oc
TURBIDITY ON THE -NOHO.MISM RIVER
Y
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
12-4-
s-4-
X
10
221
S2>
RiVER niLES
.&
1 W
§
I
I
d.
EH
CO
O
X
O
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I I
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K W
P W
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O O
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P-.
K
H
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CO
w
o
o
o
PQ
W 1-1 M
o; K CC
o
8
x3
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d,
O
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§
O
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Pk
M
K
fZ CO
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-------
C
O
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
V
n
I
c
R
O
n
H
c
CONDUCTIVITY ON THE ->NOHOMISH RIVER
DOE / USGS DATA
Y
73.1
Q0.0T-
33.0-1
-S
i
£3
X
K E-.
H EH
S
RIVER MII_E;S
I
P-,
w
n
•5-
X ^ ptl
o o S
ra H
s
a
o
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bd
W
i
i
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-------
C
O
N
O
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
V
i
c
R
O
M
H
C
CONDUCTIVITY ON T«£ JTNOHOMISH RIVER
DOE / USGS DATA
Y
73.
15%
i
33
X
RIVER MILES
i i
i i
i i
K EH
H EH
I
J.
>-P
I
M
W
CO
ra
£
-o
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w
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W at
H
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si
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a
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O
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8
8
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ptn ^
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B
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i
i i
i i
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« H
H >
S CO
o H
K W
-------
DISSOL-VED OXYGEN ON T
IHOMISH RIVER
DOE / USGS DATA
Y
p
t
s
3
O
L
V
E.
O
X
Y
S
E
N
M
G
13--
11-
10—
9-4-
Washington Class A Standard, KM 8-36 (S.O)
X
RIVER MILES
i i
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d&
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S3 EH
P; EH
p
II
K
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£
1
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I I
X
tz co
II
IE
<; co
-------
PH ON THE. SN OH
IR I VE.R
DOE / USGS DATA
Y
H
8.!
8.0-r
71
• *
7.0--
e.!
S«__
»_^ < •
s:
01
CO
3-
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f=J EH
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CO
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pa
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CO
M
03
M
-------
T
O
T
A
L
N
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R
A
T
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M
L
N
TOTAL NITRATE ON TH. SNOH^PFISW RIVER
Y
0.7S-1-
0.
0.15
'^^///r//r//^//y/xy//r/^^^
Algal Bloom Potential
DOE /USGS DATA
V-1
oo
ro
15%
X
'10
RIVER MILES
i i
i i
i i
O CO
03 EH
W EH
V>%
J,
I I I
I I I
„' 4- '
& M K
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§
EH
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PL,
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! &
£g
X
(3 W
O M
sg
gg
5 w
-------
TOTAL PHOSPHORUS ON T - Slft>HOttISH RIVER
Y
0.10-r
T
O
T
A
P
H
O
3
P
H
O
R
U
S
n
G
L
P
0.03--
0.04-- -
0.02,--
Algal Bloom Potential (.05)
RIVE.R MIL.ES
i
i
a,
K EH
W EH
w ta
3 K
>0
O
O O
3 S
M
PH
I
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J:
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-------
TOTAL COLIFQRM ON TM
RIVE.R -
co
DOE / USGS DATA
T
O
T
A
L
C
O
L
I
F
O
R
M
1
0
0
n
L
Wash. Class A Std., RM 8-36
(20% - 1000)
(med. - 240)
///y/r/////r//^
i
20
RIVER MILE:
K EH
H FH
S r>
I
I
J»
I
o
o
w
i i
i i
S3 O
Kg
§1
M
a,
I
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s
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^: tj
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fe.
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jj.
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O
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O
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ce
CO
S3
-------
185
STILLAGUAMISH RIVER BASIN
-------
186
STILLIGUAMISH RIVER BASIN
BASIN DESCRIPTION
1. Drainage Area -722 sq. m.
2. Average Flov - ( at Arlington ) mean = 1,770 cfs
min. = 1, 120 cfs
max. = 2,^39 cfs
( at Granite Falls ) mean = 1 Oh5 cfs
min. = 702 cfs
max. = 1 kh6 cfs
3. Waste Sources - tj
h. Major Diversions - Fish & Game - 30 cfs
Irrigation - 3 000 acre-feet
5- Surface Water Rights - Municipal - 10.6 cfs
Irrigation - 35-1*8 cfs
Individual & Community Domestic - l6.Ul cfs
Industrial & Commercial - 11.88 cfs
Fish. Propogation - 52. 1*5 cfs
Stock - .59 cfs
Total - llU. la cfs
6. Reservoir Water Rights - 56 acre-feet
7. Projected Population - 1980 2000 2020
30,200 W,500 77,800
-------
f@RIVER MILE 31.2
4-
STILLIGUAMISH RIVER BASES
7
isr r—-
@RIVERMILE 18.0
@RIVERMILE 9^
RIVER MILE 17.8
WR!A(«
--4-
I-1
CD
-------
188
STILLAGUAMISH EIVER BASIN
EEPOPTED PBOBLEMS
1. In the lower river miles of "both the North Fork and the
main stem of the Stillaguamish, Nitrate and Phosphorus values
exceed the limiting algal bloom potential concentrations.
2. Total colifonri concentrations have at times exceeded Class
A Standards on both the main stem and the North Fork during
periods of high flow, especially near the mouth,
-------
Y
TEMPERATUKE ON THE STILLIGUAMISH RIVER
T
E.
n
F
e.
Q
R
E
E.
S
c
E
N
T
12--
8-
4y/r///r/&y/y//r//^^^
Washington Class A Standard (18,5)
Class AA (15.5)
IS)
223
3Z>
X
RIVER MILES
K3
M
fU
I
I I I
I I I
I I I
I I I
.
K
a
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CO
|B
< w
3 M
W 1-3 CC M
W M W «J
K < Z) K
H
PQ W EH
CD
vo
-------
TURBIDITY ON TnE STILLAGUAMISH RIVER
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
X
10
RIVER MILES
o
o
ij
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OH
u
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r-
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< cL4
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CO fc.
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O ft, O O
a w S Q
o EH -t >H
£ K.
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CONDUCTIVj.i-y OH
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20--
DOE/USGS DATA
12/70 -,3/74
MEDIAN
50
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DISSOLVED OXYGEN On THE STILLAGUAMISH RIVER
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DOE/USGS DATA
12/70 - 3/74
•— 8 85*
. f\ MEDIAN
• 1 15?
Class AA (9.5)
Washington Class A Standard (8.0)
'/////r//////////^^^^
32
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DOE/USGS DATA
12/70 - 3/74
^//y////^/y/y/w//^^^^ ""-"-8—-85?
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12/70 - 10/73
9' 85*
—. M-—MEDIAN
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DOE/USGS DATA
12/70 - 2/74
. g 85?
__ /v\—MEDIAN
y/y//w////////y////y^^^
Algal Bloom Potential
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10
20
40
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RIVER MILES
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TOTAL COLIFORi-j ON THE STILLAGUAMISH RIVER
12033-1-
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DOE/USGS DATA
12/70 - 3/74
8 8555
""—*M— MEDIAN
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Wash. Class A Std. (20%)
— 3
Y/Ar/y////////y/y///y/y//r/^^
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W
-------
197
NORTH FORK STILLAGUAMISH
-------
DOE / USu^ DATA
N. F. STILLAGUAMISH
Y
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DOE / USGS DATA
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\
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8—857.
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2K2g2£222228?i%!^^ j |v
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• "&'/////^////y///r/^///^^^
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0.22—
0.10-r
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DCE / USGS DATA
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RIVER MIL ELS
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0.20--
0.1J
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0.0E-
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Algal Bloom Potential
X
10
20
325
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122J--
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(med - 240)
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B. MARINE WATER BASINS
-------
: '^•avx v*/ry : - •>-*/:- cr—YT .;-...• p^/^ g-. \
^tV/'^Xv?^r^AEMIRAl;rY INLET'^5^»--j
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SOUTH PUGET SOUND
MARINE SUB-BA£?INS WITHIN PUGET SOUND BASIN
-------
208
STRAIT OF JUAN DE FUCA BASIN
-------
209
.MILES
VANCOUVER ISLAND
STATION llU .
8 MILES....-"""
STRAIT D£
STRAIT OF JUAN DE FUCA BASIN
-------
210
STRAIT OF JUAN DE FUCA
The Strait of Juan de Fuca is the main channel connecting the waters
of Puget Sound and Georgia Strait with the Pacific Ocean. It is 158 km
(85 naut mi) long, and has an average width of 22 km (12 naut mi). The
maximum water depth north of Cape Flattery is 275 m (150 fath) and gradually
decreases to 175 m (96 fath) north of Port Angeles. The first major sill in
the Strait is located between Victoria and Green Point, about 11 km (6 naut
mi) east of Port Angeles, where the water shoals rapidly to 82 m (45 fath).
Continuing east towards Whidbey Island, the water again increases in depth
to 172 m (94 fath) northeast of New Dungeness and then shoals gradually to
an average depth of 73 m (40 fath) from Smith Island to Whidbey Island.
.The Victoria-Green Point sill has a pronounced effect upon the waters
of both Puget Sound and Georgia Strait because it effectively prevents
oceanic water from entering these regions without first becoming somewhat
diluted and modified by the fresher surface water flowing out of these regions
towards the ocean. Oceanic type water enters the Strait of Juan de Fuca
below the surface at the western end off Cape Flattery and travels landward
(to the east) without significant modification until it reaches the Victoria-
Green Point sill. At this point, most of the oceanic water is stopped but
a portion of it is mixed with the fresher surface water to form a water type
that becomes the deep water source for both Puget Sound and Georgia Strait.
But under proper conditions some oceanic water may penetrate into Haro Strait
in late summer.
Surface waters in the Strait of Juan de Fuca are affected by the total
river discharge into the complex and by surface winds. There are no major
rivers entering into the Strait. Most of the fresh-water is supplied by
N
river discharge entering both Georgia Strait and Puget Sound with only a
-------
211
minor portion being contributed locally hy.sjuall rivers and by land drainage.
Two peaks of large river discharge, one from October through March during the
rainy season and a second one of equal or greater magnitude in late June or
early July occur as a result of snow melting in the mountains« Therefore,
the most dilute surface water observed in the Strait occurs! in winter with
a second minimum occuring in July. Maximum surface salinities are observed
in September and October. Surface temperatures are coldest: in February
and warmest in late summer as a response to the annual cycles in air temp-
eratures of the surface winds.
Water characteristics from the entrance of the Strait of Juan de Fuca
to the first sill may be typified by an oceanographic station north of
Pillar Point, about 53 km (28 naut mi) east of Cape Flattery, (station JDFllU)
The eastern end of the Strait of Juan de Fuca is essentially a large
mixing area and the region where the water splits with a portion going
south into Puget Sound and the largest part going into Georgia Strait via
Haro and Rosario Straits. Because of tidal action, the waters in the eastern
end of the Strait exhibit significant changes over a tidal cycle with the
water being nearly homogeneous with depth. Very little water of oceanic type
invades into this region, but its effects are observed by a density maximum
and oxygen minimum occuring in August or early September. This mixed water
is cooler, more saline, and of lower oxygen content than might be expected.
These waters are typified by a station northeast of New Dungeness. (Station JDF,lUl)
The importance of the increased density in late suranei: by the oceanic
water intruding into the Strait and then being mixed in the eastern end of
the Strait can not be over emphasized. Because of this more dense water
entering in the early fall, most all parts of the Puget Sound-Georgia Strait
complex are flushed once a year by a replacement of the less dense water
-------
212
with more dense water. The maximum density water does not occur
simultaneously in all parts of the complex, but depends upon the distance
from the Strait and upon local mixing areas.
-------
T
C
n
F
E
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
E
N
T
I
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R
A
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E
rlEAN DATA VALUES « B 1 0 V I I - B I 1 I I
---PLOTTED OHAHAOTEBS---
-X IBB-«SBB'-O
MEAN DATA VALUES ( B1 01 1 I-B1 1 I I 8 I
——-PLOTTED CHARACTERS---
0- IBB '-X
108-800'
20B-4.B0* -A
H h
H 1 1 h
D
I
S
3
O
L
V
C
D
O
X
T
O
H
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FED rvJ» ATO MAY JUN ju. ALO
JUAN DE FUCA STATION JDF11*
nEAN DATA VALUES ( a 1 0 I 1 1 - a 1 1 1 L • >
---PLOTTED OMARAOTERS---
0-100'ix '
H r-
BEJ> cxrr K>/ DEO
A
L
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N
X
T
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JAN FED
AT"R IV.V
ALO VSEP OCT NO/ OOD
JUAN DE rUCA STATION JDF11*
FQS HAH APR I-V*V JUN JUL AU3
JUAN DE FUCA STATION JDF1X*
H 1
SEP OCT NCV DED
ro
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MEAN DATA VALUES < 7 00727 - 7 I 030* >
PLOTTED OHARAOTER9
.x
FEB rwR APR rv.v JUN JUL AUO SEP ccrr NCV DEO
JUAN DC FUOA STATION JDF14-1
DATA VALUES < 700727-7 10904. >
---PLOTTED OMARAOTE.R9---
O
t
s
s
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L
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0-100'«x
100-200'-O
200-4.00 '
9
A
L
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N
I
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MEAN DATA VALUES (700727-710304.)
PLOTTED OHARACTCR9---
'-X 100-200''»O 200-4.00'«A
FED MAR APR MAV JLN JUL AUO
JUAN 86 FUCA 9TATSOM
SEP OCT
-ir
JAN FEB nAR APR rv,v JUH juu AUO SEP OCT HCV DCD
JUAN DE FUCA STATION TDF14-1
-------
215
SAN JUAN ISLAND BASIN
-------
216
M
pq
Q
CO
-------
217
SAN JUAN ISLAND REGION
The waters in the San Juan Island region axe separated from those of
the Strait of Juan de Fuca by a line at about 1|8 2J?1 North latitude and
from the Strait of Georgia at the north end by a line at about 1)8° 1|8!
North.' The major channel through the San Juan Islands are Haro Strait on
the west, Rosario Strait on the east, and tej^dcjle Channel in the center.
Haro Strait is 59 km (32 naut mi) long, averages about 7»5 km (h naut mi)
•wide and is over 200 m deep for all of its length. Water depths of 300 m
to 370 ra (165 to 20l> fath) are common in this channel. Rosario Strait is
l]8 km (26 naut rci) long, 5-5 km (7 naut rai) wide and has an average depth
of 60 m (33 fath) from the south end, near Lawson Reef, and remains tkis
deep to off of Lawrence Point on Or'cas Island/ North of this point, the
channel gradually deepens to 180 ra (100 fath) where it joins Georgia Strait.
Middle Channel is very narrow and only 108 m (60 fath) deep, so it does
not contribute significantly to the overall circulation through the San
Juan Islands.
The deep channels of the San Juan Archipelago serve as mixing areas
for the. 7/aters of Georgia Strait and the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Over
90/S of the water needed to supply the tidal, prism of Georgia Strait must
pass through these channels. This produces strong currents accompanied
by vigorous mixing even in such a deep channel as Haro Strait. Hence,
changes in water characteristics occur along the length of the channel
rather than verticall in the the water column. But, surface waters of the
Strait of Georgia may penetrate into the various channels when the tide
range is small and mixing is reduced. This surface water is observed in
many parts of this region during the flood stage of the Fraser River in
June and Julv.
-------
218
The currents in Haro Strait are quite strong, often being up to 7 km/hr
(ll knots) from the surface to near the bottom in -water the depths of over
170 meters. In Rosario Strait, the currents are slightly less being in
the vicinity of 5 km/hr (2.7 knots) from top to bottom. Currents in the
other channels are fairly strong with speed up to h km/to (2.5 knots)
being common. The direction of the currents in Haro and Rosario Strait
are either dominately northerly on the flood or southerly on the ebb. But
' the direction of the currents in the many other channels are not as
predictable and are influenced by differences in v/ater levels at the ends
of the channel' in question. The net circulation (i.e., after tidal coi.i-
ponents have been eliminated), in Haro Strait is characteristic of a two-
layer system >vith a strong outflow at the surface, and a moderate inflow at
depth. In Rosario Strait, the net circulation at depth is larger than of
the surface. Hence, a definite counterclockwise circulation is established.
around the San Juan Islands (Evans and Collias, 1?67).
Three water types are observed in the San Juan island region, namely
Georgia Strait surface water, Juan de Rica deep water, -and a mixture of
these tvro known as San Juan intermediate water (Evans and Collias, 1967).
The salinity of the Georgia Strait surface water is controlled by the
Fraser River runoff. Juan de Fuca "deep water has its source in the
eastern end of the Strait of Juan de Fuca whereas San Juan intermediate
water is a mixture of these tvro types. This mixed water flows to the
north and forms the intermediate vrater of Georgia Strait.
The water characteristics in Hero and Rosario Strait have not been
observed at regular intervals, but sufficient data is available to describe
the waters in this region. In Karo Strait, the surface water is coldest
in February with an average low of about 6.8°C and a high of about 12 C in
of.
July. The highest 'salinities are observed in winter of about 31-1 '0(>
-------
219
and the. lowest are in July of about 27.6°/oo. The waters below 150 m in
Haro Strait show less variability with, a winter low of 7.2°C and a high
of 8.4°c in October. The maximum salinity of over 32.5°/oo is observed
in August in response to the high salinity water intruding into the
Strait of Juan de Fuca. This deep water is also oxygen poor and phosphate
rich. Under certain conditions, deep water from the Strait of Juan de
Fuca may intrude into Haro Strait without significant modification and as
a result, low oxygen content water may appear along the west side of San
Juan Island in July or August.
;
The water characteristics in Rosario Strait follow about the same
annual cycles as those in Haro Strait. The temperature variations are
about the same but the deep water (60 m) is slightly warmer. The surface
salinity in Rasario is similar to that of Haro but the salinity of the
deep, water attains a maximum of only about 32°/oo. The dissolved oxygen
content of the waters in the San Juan region vary from a surface high of
i.
over 10 mg/1 during the spring phytoplankton blooms to a low of 5.6 mg/1..
in early fall. At depth the winter high is about 6 mg/1 and a low of A.8
mg/1 in autumn. On the average the waters are usually above 80% saturated.
The nutrient cycle cannot be described for lack of data.
-------
MEAN DATA VALUES < 7 0 0 4. 1 3 - 7 1 EJa 0
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
T
e
n
v
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JAN FH» rv>R APR rv.v JUN JUL AUO SET ocr HOJ DEO
SAN JUAN ISU'AND STA. RSRB3S
MEAN DATA VALUES < 7 0e 4. 1 3 - 7 1 03 0 4. >
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
O
X
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O
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9
A
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MEAN DATA VALUES t 7BS* 1 S- 7 13304- S
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
0-1 00 'i"X 1 00-200 'nD 300-4.00 / = A
JAN FEB rVKR APR
JUN JU- AUO SEP
OOT N£/ DEO
SAN JUAN ISLAND STA. RSRB39
H 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FTEB rvsn APR rv.v JIN JUL AJJO EEP ocr NCV
SAN JUAM ISLAND STA. RSR833
ro
ro
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-------
221
ADMIRALTY INLET BASIN
-------
222
\TSTATION
J- • ADM202
DOE STATION
ADM001
ADMIMLTY INLET BASIN
-------
-223
ADMIRALTY INLET BASIN
Admiralty Inlet rosy be considered to be those waters separated from
the Strait of Juan de Fuca by a line at the north end between .Middle
Point and Point Partridge and from the Puget Sound Basin by a line between
Point No Point and Scatchet Head. The Inlet is about 31 km (l? naut mi)
long, has an average width of 5.5 km (3 naut mi), has a surface area of
IjOO larr (116 sq naut ird.) and a voltune of 16.8 loir (3.1p. cubic naut mi) at
mean high water. An entrance sill with a controlling depth of 61; m (35
fath) is located at the north end off Point Wilson. The water depth in-
creases rapidly landward of the sill to 180 ra (100 fath) east of fJaiTov.-
stone Point, but this is a deep hole rather than being typical of the
Inlet. J.Iost of the water of the Inlet averages about 110 m (60 fjith)
deep. South of Double Bluff the water deepens rapidly to over 200 m
(110 fath) -i/he.re it enters the Puget Sound Basin.
The prevailing winds in Admiralty Inlet from October through Karch
are from the south at almost 20 kn/hr (10 mph). In April and >vjay the
winds ere variable, but by June become ncrtverly at about 20 to 30 kn/'nr
( 10-15. Kiph). Storm v.inds often exceed 100 kn/hr (50 inph). The main
effect of winds in this region is to increase mixing, especially when
the wind and tide are in opposite directions.
Liost of the v.ratcr entering and leaving Puget Sound must flow through
Admiralty Inlet. Only a smsll portion of water flows through Decepti.cn
Pass and the S>''ino:r,ish Slough at the northern end of V.jiidbey Islruid.
Tidal currents are strong in Admiralty Inlet with spcods frciouently C'vor
three knots on both ebb and flood v.'ith a ip.axirrrojn of nearly five knots
during periods of large tidal range. Because of these strong currents,
Adiiarolty Inlet is a large mixing aone for the dcseper waters of the Strait
-------
22k
of Juan do l-\ica with the fresher surface waters from i'ugct Sound. The
mixed water is more dense than the surface -rater and less dense than the
Strait woter and flows back into Puget Sound on a flood tide» The depths
at which this mixed water vd.ll settle depends upon its density and may be
either at the bottom or at some intermediate depth. Thus replacement of
water in Puget docs not always occur at the bottom. Because of the strong
currents in Admiralty Inlet, the flushing time is rapid with the various
water types requiring only a few tidal cycles to make the transit through
the region.
A considerable difference in the water characteristics frequently
exists between the north and south ends of Admiralty Inlet. The waters
at the north end are more like those found in the Strait of Juan de t'uca
while those at the south end are strongly affected by the Puget Sound
Basin. Also water properties vary laterally (east to west) across the
channel with frcshor water frequently bein^ observed on the .ihidbey
Island side and more. saline water on the west side in response to the
&
Coriolis ef/.'ect. jLven vdth ther.e differences, the v;;:tcr characteristics
in Acfcidrplty Inlet may be- typified by a station east of port- Tov,-nsc-:nd.(ADM202)
On the average, the salinity difference between the surface aid botc.ou
Voters is les the l°/oo. The naxir.uia salinity fct depth {aver.ge 31-8 /oo)
occurs in nicl-Aujnist in response to thr= maximum intrusion of oceanic
T».ter into the Strait of Juan dc Fiux:. But the jneximuir. surface salinity
(averaging 3&«9°/°o) does not occur until j;a.c-Sei)tc:);ibcr \/hen the fresh
water contribution from the rivers lirs decreased to its lowest pojj;t.
i!iniiLuni salinities arc observed in vdnttr v.ith n lev/ oi' 25>-8°/oo st the
surface; end J0.6°/oo tA depth. The ol served temperatures shov; c nm'face
liaxinaw. of 11.3°C in late August but at depth the maximum o.f 10.0°C
"Coriolis effect JS the apparent change of direction in the path of
any object in notion oh the earth's surface due to tl»e rotation of the
earth. Coriolis effect is perpendicular to and directed to the right, of
the object's motion in the northern hemisphere. The magnitude is depen-
dent upon the velocity of the object and the sine of the latitude, being
most effective at either the north or south pole ani aero :-.t the equator.
-------
225
ou cured earlier in June or early July when the oceanic \vater is just
coining into the Straits and is making its presence felt. L'iniinum tempera-
tures of 7.6°C occur at all depths in January. The temperature range
fror.i top to bottom is often less then O.i? but increases to about 2 C in
the sumiiier months. Oxygen content v.'ill vary from an average maximum of
8.5 ma/1 in the v.onter to an average litiniruum of 1|.8 in^/l in the summer.
-------
1EAN DATA VALUES « 7 CB2 1 I -70 le 1C >
PLOTTED CHARACTER3---
T
C
n
p
e
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
e.
N
T
I
O
R
A
O
E
100-200•
ZC0-»00 • 'A
1
•JAN
1 1 1 1
FT& MAR APR MAY
1 1 1
1 1 1
J1_N JUL ALJD
I 1 I
1 1 1
SE3> OCT NOV
1
rL
D
I
S
3
O
U
V
e
5
o
X
Y
O
e
N
n
o
ADMIRALTY INLETT STATION ADM20;.
MEAN DATA VALUES <7002ii-70iztz>
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
= O 20O-4.B0 '"A
P
P
T
H
MEAN DAJA VALUES ( 7 00Z J. I - 7 0 1 Z 1 2 >
PLOTTED CMARACTEWS---
0-r00'»X 100-200'»O 200-»l-
-------
227
18.0-T-
ADMIRALTY INLET DOE STATION ADn00i
MEAN DATA VALUES
SURFACE SAMPLES QS/01-70/03
T
E
n
p
E
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
E
N
T
I
G
R
A
D
E
15.0--
12.0- -
8.0--
B.0--
3.0--
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUU AUS S£P OCT NO/ DEC
T II-1E
D
I
s
s
o
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
S
e
N
15.0-t-
12.0- -
S.0--
S.0--
ADMIRALTY INLET DOE STATION ADM001
MEAN DATA VALUES
SURFACE SAMPLES B3/0X-70/03
STANDARD
M
S
3.0--
-I 1 1
JAN FEB MAR AVR MAY JUN
_| I I 1 , I .
AI.K3 SFP CXTT MOV DEC
TIME
-------
S.0-T-
228
ADMIRALTY INLET DOE STATION ADM001
MEAN DATA VALUES
SURFACE SAMPLES B3/01-70/03
P
H
3
T
A
T
D
A
R
D
U
N
I
T
S
8.0- -
7.0-
B.0--
-\ 1 h
JAN FEB MAR AT=R MAY JUN JUL /»JUS SEP OCT NOV D6C
T IME
ADMIRALTY INLET DOE STATION ADM00I
MEAN DATA VALUES
SURFACE SAMPLES B3/01-70X09
S
A
L
I
N
I
T
Y
P
P
T
H
30.03- -
38.133- -
26.00--
JAN FEB
APR fV\Y JIM JtJL ALG
T
stir
oar NOV DEC
-------
229
20.0-r
ADMIRALTV INLET DOE STATION ADM001
HEAN DATA VALUES
SURFACE SAMPLES 69/01-70/03
3
W
L
p
B
I
n
G
1S.0--
isa.ta--
S.0--
JAN FEB
H 1 h 1 1 1-
APR M*,Y JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
T me
-------
230
NORTH SOUND BASIN
-------
231
NOBTH SOUND B.ASIN
-------
232
NORTH SOUND BASIN
The Bellingham region includes Bellingham Bay, Sainish Bay, and
Padila Bay but basically, it is one oceanographic system,, This region is
a north-sou-^ oriented, kidney-shaped body of vater about 35 lun (19 naut
mi} long, 10 km (5.5 naut mi) vd.de, and has an average water depth of
about 20 in (11 fnth) at mean high rater. Eellinghair. and Sainish Bays have
a combined area of 225 km2 and a volume of 1; kin^. The area end volume
of Padilla Bay have not been determined. This region is connected to
Hoserio Strait on the v.'est via Guemus Channel, Hale Passage, and a large
channel between Lx«m.u snd Gueonus Islands. The water depth off the south-
east tip of Lurmni Island is over 100 m (55 fath) and a hole deeper than
100 IE is located just east of Bliza Island. The water in Gueiaus Chonncl
is over 20 in deep to the east of Anacortes vjhere it shoals rapidly. But
irost of this region is less tLsn 20 m deep vrit!': mud flais in upper
Bellinghaiu Bay, in the smithe?st end of Samisli Bay and all along the east
side of Padilla Bay.
The fresh water sources in this region are the Kooksack River, v;hich
discharges into the north end of upper Bellinghcm Bay, the Saraish Rivc-i-,
v/hich discharges into the southeast corner of S?-i:iish Bay, several small
creeks, and land dr?inc.£c. The Nook sack River cxJiibits tv.'O peak runoff
periods, one in the fall and ranter in response to local precipitation
and the other in June due to sncnv nelt. The discharge of the S;>m.sh
River is controlled by locnl rainfall.
Prevailing vrinds in this region ere doniinnitly fro^i the south aj-jd
soutlicast at about 10 to 20 ki;,/hr (5 to 10 loph). But occasionally in
both vdnter ?nd sv,?:ji,er, stronanortherly v;inas v.ith speeds over 60 kin/In--
(30 inph) are observed. ViT'ien nortlierly vri.nds occur in the -.'/inter, they ra-
-------
233
accompanied by very cold air temperatures, frequently as low as -l6°c and
in the summer they are accompanied by very v,rarm winds with extremes up
to 36 c. But the average air temperature, over a thirty year period is
9.il°C (h9° F). The average annual rainfall in downtov.n Bellirighara is
86 cm (33-7 inches).
This region has been the subject of oceanographic investigations for
many years. The V/ashington State Pollution Control Commission has made '
studies in the area (Ysagner, Ziebell, and Livingston, 1957) as has the
Washington State Department of Fisheries (Westley, 1957, 1950; V,restley
and Terr, 1959, I960] Lindsay, Y/estley, and Y/oelke, I960). The University
of Washington conducted an intensive survey oi' the area in I960 and 196.1-
(Collias and Barnes 1962; Coliias, Barnes, thirty, and Hanson, 1966) and the
Georgia Pacific Company has also made nany surveys in the region.
The Nooksack River is the dominant influence in controlling the
salinity of the surface layer for this region but is most influential in
upper Bellinghcm Bay. The Snmish Paver, which is much smaller, dillutes
the water locally in Samish Bay but has little effect elsov.tiere. The
surface layer in Padilla Bay is affected mostly by local drainage mci
•somewhat by any fresh vrater co.t.iing into the area through the Svfinornish '
Slough. The thickness of the surface layer in Bellingham Bay varies
inversely vdth the amount of Nooksack Hiver discharge. High discharge
rates produce a thin, lov.r salinity layer covering a considerable portion
of upper Bellingham Bay. But v/hsn the river flov/ decreases, the density
difference tetvreen t)ie surface ^nd deeper vff.ter dscrestos ?JKJ hence the
Yt'-ter co'Luinn vrill afford less resistance to vertical mixing. Tnus at.
a normal river stage the surface layer is cmite deep snd fair-ly salty.
During periods of very lov.r river flow in September, the surface layer
practically ji-s^ppesrs .-srid the salinity observed throur};out the entire
-------
region approaches that of Rosario Strait.
The effect of v/inds upon this region is to move the surface water
from one part of the system to another with a deep compensating counter-
flow being established. This counterflow is often cooler and more saline
than the original voter and may appear at unexpected locations within
the region. A strong southwest wind vd.ll move the surface layer towards
the head of Bellingham Bay causing it to deepen nearshore. IVhen the wind
subsides, the surface layer vail move seawsrd at an accelerated rate
until equilibrium is again reestablished. On the other hand, northerly
van is v.'ill rcove the surface layer out of upper 3ellingha;n Bay and .may
cause pockets of fresher water to form in the center of the Bay..
- The salinity of the surface layer in this region is quite variable.
During periods of high Nooksack runoff, the salinities in upper Bellirjghara
Bay as far south t.s Post Point may be lo-j-er than 12°/oo and. then will
gradually increase to about 27°/°° °^f Ssiidsh Bay and to about 2c°/°o
in Psdilla Bay. On the other hand, in late sxunner, the surface salinity
will increase to over 30°/oo r-iid be sii.dlar to that observed in kosario
Strait. Surface temperatures vary irco;: a vdnher lov; of sbcut 6°C 'to a
suuii.-er high of 22°C in upper BellinghFjn Bay, but the suiTr^r tcor.pei'i ture
in S&j;dsh Bay end Psdilla Bay rarely exceed 15°C. 'The oxygen content
of the. surf;-ce l^yer vdll vary from 7 to 1.3 fif/l aj'id is sc;;:ev.-hat
dependent upon biolofical activity.
The surface water charactf-ii-i sties in Bellinghaja Harbor are inodififed
to so;.-!e extent by the effluent froj'i the pulp inill in this vicinity v.hich
is the source of spent sulfite liquor (GSL). The concentration of SSL
is observed throughout this entire region at all tijf.es. Values of SSL
greater than 10 ppm are rarely observed belov/ 10 ja (33 ft.) depth, with
-------
235
most of the SSL being confined to the upper $ 111 (16 ft). Also, high
SSL values are usually associated rath salinities of less than 20°/°°, but
it is possible for high SbL's to be associated with j..ore saline water.
Also, on occasion fresher water of low SSL content ;nay cover more saline
•water with higher SSL content and t: is combination vd.ll move to the other
portions of the bay to produce a pocket of high SSL that is below the
surface.
The deep water in the Bellingham region has its origin in Rosario
Strait. This water moves into the region without significant modification.
In general, the deeper water exhibits .a maximum salinity of about 30«5°/°°
in late autumn and a rn.iniirauii of about 29.5°/°0 in ^ay. The corresponding
temperatures are 10.5 C and 7«9°C. The oxygen content v/ill vary from a
suiraer low of 5 mg/l to a ranter high of nearly 11 mg/1, while the
phosphate content Trill be between 2 and 3 niicro-grain atoms per liter.
The spent su.lfite liquor content of this dc-tp water rarely exceeds 5 ppra. .
The flusliing time of Bell.inghc.iri Bsy has been computed according to
the definition proposed b/ Fritcharcl (1952) find was found to vary from
one to ten days -.vith an average of four days for BellinghcUii B?y. A
fluslring tijne of about tv/o days was computed for the inner hci'bor of
Eellinghaui Bay using the SSL distribution. In general, flushing of this
region is active and-all the v:ater is changed vdthin a tv/o week period
on the average.
-------
S&-./7-. -. - BELLI NGHAM
W/>.
What com C r.
STATION LOCATION PEOFILE USED TO PRESENT DATA
-------
T
U
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N
T
1
(,-
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LINIVV/ASH DATA ( e u t i B v-eo.-a j:e ) zu-za rT
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
19 PCT»M 83 PCT
UN1VWASM DATA « 3 B I 1 E! * - e 3 03 0 B > S 1C - 7 3 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
13-
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nit.E.3 ON THE; OELLINOMAM
UNIVUA3H DATA < 3 Q 1 1 a * - B 3 D 3 O 8 > Z3-30 FT.
- -- PLOT CHARACTCH3--- •
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OtUES OH THE BEt-UtNOHAH DAV
UMIVUASM DATA 79-100 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
riEDIAN«O. IS PCT = M. 83 PCT»A
ON THE BELI. I NfJHAM SAY
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-------
UN1VUA3M DATA ( SO I I O»-C'Jk?30n » 00-E9 FT.
---VLOTTCti OtiARACTCKC---
UNIVUA3H DATA < S 8 1 1 0 4--B3 0 S 0B > 30-73
---PLOTTED CMARACTEU9---
13-1
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nlLES ON THE BEULINOhAM QAV
UNtvuA3H DATA lEBiio^-nraarati} zs-3o FT.
---PLOT CHARACTERS
l^-r- MEDlANoO. 'IS PCT-M. 85 PCT-A
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MILES ON THE OELLIHOMAM UAV
UNIVUA3H DATA t so i i e 4--03EJSe>n > 73-100 FT.'
---PLOTTED CH A I! AC T 11(13-- —
D. 13 PCT»M. 83 POT»A
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MlLCD ON THE nCLLlNCMAn BAV
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-------
UHIWA3H DATA C 3 O I 1 C 4- - B 3 0 S B> B > 00-Z3 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
nEDIAM»O. 13 PCT=n. 83 PCT-A
P
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MILES ON THE. BELLINGHAH BAV
3
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UN1VWASH DATA t SB I 1 0 «• - B3B 3 «S U ) SO-73 FT
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
nEDIAN-O. i3.PCT = M. BS PCTt»A
UN1VWA3M DATA ( SB I lB4--Q^030a > 23-30 FT,
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
n£DIAN = O. 13 PCT=n. BS PCT«"A
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UMIVUA3H DATA ( SB 1 1 0* - B3B 3 iaB ) 73-100 FT.
-PLOTTED CHARACTERS
. MEDIAN»O. IS PCT=n. BS PCT=A
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Mtl.ES OH THE f ELU N'Mi AM UAV
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-------
UNlVWASH DATA ( 3D I I 0+-BJBSeO I OO-Z3 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
120-T- nEDlAW»O. 13 PCT=M. B3 PCT»A
9
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PLOTTED CHARACTERS
MEDIAN-O. IS PCT»n, 83 PCT»A
UNIVWASH DATA < SB i i e>4.-e3030a > as-sa
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
HEDIAN-0. IS PCT = rl. B5 7-CV=A
MILES ON THE OELLINOHAM BAV
3
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UNtVUASH DATA C SBl I B4.-e30S0D > 30-T3 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS-
\sp~r- nEDlAN = o. is PCT^ri! es PCT»A
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MILES ON THE UELLtNOHAM BAV
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OU THE BELLINOHAM
-------
WHIDBEY BASIN
-------
0
1 . .
5
I
MILES
48° 20'
Skagit River Estuary
Stillaguamish River
WHIDBEY BASIN
-------
WH.IEBEY BASIN
The Possession So\md region consists of the waters' confined between
TJhidbey Island on the west and the mainland on the east. It is connected
to the Puget Sound basin at the south end off of Possession Point while at
the northern end it is connected to the Strait of Juan de Fuca via
Deception Pass. This region may be divided into three oceanographic sub-
regions as follows: (a) Possession Sound - Saratoga Passage - Skagit
Bay, (b) Port Susan, and (c) Holmes Harbor. The distance from Possession
Point to Deception Pass via Saratoga Passage and Skagit Bay is 7k km
(liO naut ini) and the width varies from 3.2 Ion (1.7 naut mi) to 10 km
(5«5 naut mi). The total surface area is 635 km^ (185 sq naut mi) arid
the volume is 28.1 kin3 (lj.58 cu naut mi) at a mean high tide of 3-1 m
.(10.5 feet). Port (Susan is a large bey north of the city of Everett aid
east of Camano Island. It is 28 kin (13«5 naut mi) D.ong anci has an
average width of 3.7 km (2.0 naut mi). Holmes harbor is a small bay on
the southeast side of Y/hidbey Island and is 10.5 kin (5.6 naut mi) long
and 1.8 km (1 naut mi) vdde.
The water depths from Possession Sound to Skagit Bay vary fi-oro 220 m
(120 fath) off of Possession Point to extensive mud flats cast of Skagit
Bay. Saratoga Passage varies in depth from 170 m (93 fath) west of
Camano Head to 53 m (30 fath) 'off Ponell Point. From here it shoals
rapidly to 18 m (10 fath) in Skagit Bay but then increases in depth to
60 m (33 fath) in Deception Pass. Port Susan has an entrance sill vdth a
controlling depth of 97 m (53 fath) east of Camano Head but again deepens
to an average basin depth of 115; m (63 fath). The deep water of port
Susan is separated fron these of Saratoga Passage by a ridge with a
maximum water depth of 27 m (15 fatb) extending from Carn&no Head to
-------
Gedney Island (locally known as Hat Island). Holmes Harbor has an en-
trance sill of 3? m (20 fath) at its north end and an average basin
depth of $1 m (28 fath).
Fresh water sources for this region are three major rivers, namely
(1) the Skagit which empties into Skagit Bay north of Caraano Island, (2)
the Snohomish which empties into Everett Harbor, and (3) the Stillaguamish
which empties into the northeast corner of Port Susan., The Skagit River
is the largest river in the Puget Sound drainage basin and contributes
about J>$% of the total freshwater flowing into Puget Sound on an annual
basis. The Snohomish River is the second largest river discharging into
Puget Sound and contributes about 30.5$ of the total fresh water. The
Stillaguamish River is the third largest river empting into Puget Sound
but contributes only about 8.5$ of the fresh -water. The first two rivers
have high water periods occuring during periods of warm weather plus
large amounts of precipitation. When snow welts in the mountains in
June, a peak runoff will occur that lasts for a longer period of time
than from direct precipitation. The Stillaguamish River is primarily
rain-fed, so that its peak flow is a reflection of recent rainfall in
its watershed. The combined flow' of these rivers on an annual basis
accounts for 1\\% of the total river runo£i' entering the Puget Sound
system. This large amount of fresh water has a pronounced effect upon
the oceanography of the Possession Sound region and frequently affects
that of the north end of the.Puget Sound basin.
Prevailing winds in this region are doainately froia the south for :\
most of the year except daring the summer when they shift to the north.
Speeds average about 20 to 30 km/hr (10-15 mph) with many periods of
relative calm. Storra speeds frequently exceed 100 loa/hr (i>0 mph). The
effect of ti-e winds and other variables are best discussed separately for
-------
2U5
for each of the oceanographic sub-regions in Possession Sound.
(1) Possession Sound - Saratoga Passage - Skagit Bay
Because this sub-region receives such a large amount of fresh water
from only two rivers, it is dominated most of the year by a relatively
thick (5 to 15 ra) low salinity, surface layer. The salinity of this
layer will vary from less than 5°/°° °^ ^'le river mouths to about 28°/oo
in more distant parts such as near Deception Pass or off of Possession
Point. During periods of maximum runoff, the fresh water layer will
move southward past Possession Point and frequently is observed off
Seattle. Disapation of this layer by wind and tide action occurs within
two weeks after the discharge returns to normal.. Frequently in the
Skagit Flat area, the fresh water layer is observed nearly to the bottom.
and will extend from the mouth of the Skagit Kiver north to Deception Pass
and South into Saratoga Passage. Surface temperatures rail vary from an .
average low of 6 c in winter to about 17 C in the sunnier 0 The extreme
temperatures range from a winter low of 0°C and a surmaer maximum of
over 20 C in areas of restricted circulation. The oxygen content of
this water is usually above 6 mg/1 and is usually completely saturated
but may vary from as low as k mg/1 to over 15 mg/1. The phosphate con-
centration may vary frora a lov/ of 0.5 to over 2.9 micro-gram atojo/1 with
the fresher water usually being deficient in phosphate while being high. .
in oxygen. . The surface waters in the vicinity of Everett Harbor receive
domestic and industrial wastes as well as a large flow of fresh water
from the Snohoirash River. Under combinations of low river runoff and a
strong southwest v/ind, it is possible to develop an oxygen deficient
area in Everett Harbor that may be harraful to marine life.
The characteristics of the de> p water in this sub-region are quite
-------
variable but the variations are associated more vdth depth than other
changes. The deep water off Possession Point and into possession Sound
to as far north as the south end of Camano Island reflect the conditions
found in the northern end of the Puget Sound basin. Temperatures will
vary from a vanter low of ?°C to a summer high of 11 C. Salinities vdll
vary from about 29 /oo in winter to slightly over 3l°/oo in late summer.
The oxygen content will vary from 5 to 8 iug/1 and the phosphate content
from 2 to 3 micro-gram atoms/1.
The deep water" off Everett Harbor are influenced to a small extent
by a submerged outfall serving two pulp mills in Everett.' The effluent
is mostly fresh water but as it is discharged it nixes vdth the surrounding
seawater. V/hen it reaches a density level equal to its own density, it
vdll form a thin layer below the surface vdthout penetrating the surface.
This layer will be characterized by high spent- sulfite liquor content
(between 100 to 300 ppm) and relatively low oxygen content. The extent
of coverage is usually less than 5 km radius and can be considered to be
a local disturbance rather than one of great magnitude. This layer was
studied intensively by the U.S. Public Health Service in 196iu
(2) Port Susan
Even though Port Susan is Connected to Possession Sound at its
southern end, it tends to act apart from the rest of this region. The
fresh water supplied by the Stillaguanish Itiver is greatest in winter
rather than in summer and in a much less amount so that the surface
. layer is usually less than 10 m. thick. Because of the entrance sill,
some of the ~rater below 100 m is trapped and vdll remain in the inner
basin for several months. The oxygen content of this trapped water vdll
decrease vdth time, becoming less than 1.5 103/1 while the phosphate
-------
content vd.ll increase to over h micro-gram atoms/1. Flushing of this water
•will occur in the fall and again in February or March of each year when
the deep intruding water is at a greater density than the trapped water.
Y/hen this low oxygen content water moves out, it may cause pockets of
oxygen deficient water to appear at mid-depth or at the surface. This
is a naturally occuring phenomenon and is not associated with an industrial
or domestic wastes discharged into Port Susan or Everett Harbor.
Winds will affect the surface layer and in turn move the deeper water.
A southerly wind will confine the surface waters in the head of Port Susan,
causing the surface layer to deepen and become more distinct at the bottom
edge. This in turn will force some of the deep water to flow southward.
But a northerly wind will force the surface layer out of Port Susan
thereby permitting deeper cooler water to come to the surface. This \vater
may be oxygen poor especially in late fall.
Water temperatures at the surface will vary from 6°C to about 16 C
while the deep water temperatures are more stable varying from 7° to 10°C*
The surface salinities are quite variable and reflect both the local
contribution of fresh water by the Stillaguamish as well as water from
the Snohomish at the southern end. This makes the distribution of the
surface layer quite involved and difficult to predict. The waters below
the surface layer and above the water trapped in'the basin are siniilsr
to those found in Possession Sound and have very similar characteristics.
(3) Holmes Harbor
The waters in Holraes Harbor show a surface layer that is actually
part of the surface layer found in Saratoga Passage. The deeper water
may be trapped behind the sill for a while, but this sub-region flushes
more rapidly than Port Susan. Temperatures observed in the waters below
-------
. 2U8
20 m vary from 7° to 12°C, the salinities from 27.5 to 30.J>°/oo, the
oxygen content from 3 to 8 mg/1, end phosphates from 1 to 3»5 micro-gram
atoms/1. Southerly vdnds vd.ll push the surface layer out of Holmes
Harbor causing deeper v/ater tp move to the surface while northerly winds
vti.ll cause the surface layer from Saratoga Passage to move into the harbor.
-------
POSSESSION SOUND TO
DECEPTION PASS
Location of station -profile used to present data.
SOURCE; Skmit Bay Ihmamieal Oceanography Final Report. Eugen* E. Cblliu. Cliffort
A. Bun«i. ind John H. Lincoln. 1973.
-------
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SALINITY
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22.0
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DENSITY
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OXYGEN
(mg.otyi)
28-31 DECEMBER 1970
-------
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25.0 25.0
20.0
20.0
0.60
0.60
OXYGEN
(mg.otyi)
19-22 JANUARY 1971
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18.0 16.0
22.0
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P
ossession,
Passage B^vy i hljincl £
25.0 23.0 23.0 20.0
0.60
: 0.60 0.55
OXYGEN
(mg.otyi)
8-10 FEBRUARY 1971
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22.0 21.0 20.0
19.0
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DENSITY
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-50 .
-100
-150
-250
0.60
<0.64
OXYGEN
(mg.otyi)
2-5 MARCH 1971
-------
if XiKet -
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21.0
21 2223
0.70
0.80 0.80 70 .60
OXYGEN
(mg.otyi)
13-16 APRIL 1971
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17.0-27.0
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17.0-28.0
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0.60-0.90
6-9 JULY 1971
OXYGEN
(mg.atyi)
ro
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-------
17-19 AUGUST 1971
-------
Possession £a.ratoy& Sfayit XiKet -J
SounH J^assae £a nd, &•<«
-------
261
0
1 I I
5
J
MILES
48° 20'
it River Estuary
Svllaguamish River
MILE 1' 1 PSS602
I22°40'
POSSESSION SOUND STATION LOCATION CHART
-------
T
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UNIVUA3H DATA 00-zs FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
13 PCTBO MEAN=X 63 PCT=A
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9
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12- •
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
UNIVUA9H DATA <880101-711231> 00-23 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
15 POT»O HEAN°X 83 POT=A
E*
P
P
T
M 22.
20- .
UMIVUA3H DATA (690101-711231) 00-23 FT.
---PLOTTED CMARACTERS---
1S PCT-O MEAN»X BS PCT»A
CLASS A STANDARD
234.SB788
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
ro
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PLOTTED CHARACTERS
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MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
UNIVUA9H DATA (880101-711231) ZS-5O PT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
IS POT»O rlEAN«X 83 PCT"A
3B- -
3
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UNIVWA9H DATA (SBBIBI-711231 > Iti-iO FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
IS PCT-O MEAN=X 83 PCT»A
i—t
4-3878
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
H 1 1 1 1
1 i
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
II 12
ro
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-------
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UNIVUA3H DATA SO-7S FT
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
IS PCT-O MEANoX BS POT-A
H 1 h
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MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
UNIVUA9H DATA SO-TS FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
IS PCT=O MEAN-X BS POT-A
3
A
L
I
H
I
T
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UNIVUASH DATA
-------
UNIVUASH DATA is-iee
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
19 PCT"O MEA.MsX S3 FCT»A
M
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R
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i — i — ^ — i — i — i — j — i — H
1 Z 3 i 3 B 7 8 8
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
UNIVUA3H DATA 75-100 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
IS POT=O MEANoX 83 PCT-A
CLu43S A STANDARD
I A i I i A
3 4- 9 8 7 6 8
MIL63 ON POSSESSION SOUND
i—i—i
1 i
i i i A
ro
cr\
34-5
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
10
11 12
-------
266
48°20'
Skagit River Estuary
Stillaguamish River
S \
-------
PORT GARDNER BAY AT WEYERHAUSER DOCK
18.0—
D.O.E. DATA MEAN VALUES
DATE RANGE = 030101-74-0717
IS.0-
p
E
R
A
-f-
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£
C
£
N
T
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<3
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12.0-
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3.0—
1 - 1 - 1
1 - 1 - h
1 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUS SEP OCT NOV DEC
T IME
ro
o\
-------
PORT GARDNER BAY AT
.YERHAUSER DOCK.
D.O.E. DATA
MEAN VALUES
IS.0-T
DATE RANGE = 830 101 -74-07 17
D
I
S
S
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
G
E
N
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3.0—
B.0—
CLASS C STANDARD
3.0--
1 1 1-
ro
ON
00
FES MAR APR MAY JUN JTJL AUS SEP OCT NOV DEC
TIME
-------
PORT GARDNER BAY AT . -YERHAUSER DOCK
P
H
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.O.E. DATA
HEAN VALUES
DATE RANGE = 330 10 1 -74-07 1 7
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JTJN JIA. AUS
1 1
OCT NOV DEC
T IME
to
-------
FORT GARDNER BAY AT v. ^YERHAUSER DOCK.
D.O.E. DATA
MEAN VALUES
.023—
28.JZS3--
A
L
I
N
I
T 25.00-
Y
DATE RANGE = 830 L01-74-07.17
P
P
T
N
S4-.J33-
23.20-
22.2E3-
21.00--
H 1 h
JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AU3 SEP OCT NOV DEC
TIME
-------
PORT GARDNER BAY AT WEYERHAUSER DOCK.
230.0-r-
D.O-E. DATA MEAN VALUES
DATE RANGE = BS0 101 - 74-07 17
3
W
L
S
1
M
G
2025.0--
130.0—
100.0--
50.0--
JAN FEB
H 1 1
APR MAY JUM JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
-------
FORT GARDNER SAY AT _1Y£RHAUSER DOCK
D.O.E. DATA
MEAN VALUES
DATE RANGE « 630101-74-0717
T
O
T
A
L
C
O
L
I
F
O
R
M
1
0
0
M
L
CLASS C STANDARD
TAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JU_ AUS SEP OCT NOV DEC
T IME
-------
273
MAIN PUGET SOUND BASIN
-------
Il22°40
y\ '
-------
PUGi/f SOUND BASIN 2T5
The'main basin of puget Sound may be considered to extend from the
south end of Admirc-lty Inlet to the north end of the Tacojna Narrows. It
is separated fron Possession Sound by a line extending eastsouthcast from
Possession Point to the main land. The main basin is 77 km (k3 naut Mi)
long, has an average vrith of 7.2 kra (I; naut iicL); and an average depth of
^
100 m (%k fath). The surface area at mean hi^h water is 768 k:a (22k sq
naut id.) and the volume of water contained in this region, is 77.P knP
(12.1 cubic naut i.rl) vrlth an average tidal prisiii of 2,l\2 knr (0.38 cubic
naut mi). The mean tj.de- ran^o is 3.2 ir. (1,78 i>.tb). The deepest part
of the Puget Sound. Basin is located vrast of Richmond Beach and. has a
measured depth of over 280 m (1^9 fath). Another hole of e.o';;ipar?ble
' depth is located off West point. The center of this basin is over 200 r,v
(110 fath) throughout ito length except at thn sout>iern end vrhert; it
begins to oho el to 172 ra (1J> fath) off Brovm. Point and thon rapidly to
5>U i;i (30 fath) at the north end of the Tacona Mfrrov/s,
Several sub-oce.v:;!Cgr?phic regions are found an th.is bsidn v,ij.ich
inclvi.de Elliott Day, Coisnai-iceiuent Bay, Colvos PssGrgc, and tlio \vaters
\vest of Bainbridge Island. T^ach of these sub-rojiionc is closely rolatocl
to the ins in basin bvit v.lth ECinov;hat different surface characteristics,
The laajor differences ai'e due to the source and amount of fresh-^rotei'
entering the sub-region,
The frosl':--''.T3ter sources for this basin are tvo rivers, server-al
sinr.ll creekr; an;.! Itnid di-ainago. The t^vo rivers ar«3 tlie jr.vraivdsh, \,rhicb
discharges into Elliott Bfiy (Se-attlc harbor),and the Puyal'tuo, vrtiich
empties into Conuneiiccicent Bry (Tacomo. harbor), Ths flo^ of these t\.ro
rivers is controlled, but v/ater used for povjer sources are returned to
-------
276
them upstream of their mouths, Both, the JPuyallup and Duwamish Rivers .
exhibit two peaks, the largest one occurs in the winter because of
winter rains and a secondary peak in early summer because of melting snow
in the mountains. The major effect of these rivers is observed hear
their mouths where a surface layer is formed that dominates both Elliot
Bay and Commencement Bay. As one proceeds towards the entrance of either
of the bays, a sharp line between the muddy surface layer and the outside
water is observed. These lines migrate with the tide and are affected
by the surface winds. In general, the fresher surface layer in these bays
prefers the northern side of each bay but winds may alter the distribution
pattern.
The prevailing surface winds from October through March are from the
south with an average speed of about 30 km/hr (15 mph). Storm winds in
fall and winter often exceed 100 km/hr (50 mph) with extreme storm speeds
in excess of 160 km/hr (80 mph). In April and May the winds become less
variable but southerly winds of about 20 km/hr (10 mph) continue to
predominate. In summer, the prevailing winds are northerly with, an average
speed of under 20 km/hr (10 mph). However, northerly winds do occur in
the winter and are accompanied with very cold air temperatures.
Water characteristics throughout this basin are quite uniform.
This is in contrast to the distribution observed in Admiralty Inlet.
Local flucuations do occur but in general, they are small or confined
to a small area because of the uniformity of the waters throughout this
basino
-------
The minimum surface salinity is observed in early June because of
the influence of the Skagit River, which even though it does not enter
into this basin, the effect of its discharge is observable as far south
as Alki Point. The average minimum surface salinity is 27.4°/00, but
values of less than 20"/00 have been observed. The maximum surface salinity
is observed in the middle of October when fresh water contributions have
been at a minimum and reaches a value of 30.4°/00. At depth (below 200m)
the salinity is more stable and exhibits a seasonal minimum of 29.80/QO
in early March and then begins to increase. However, a secondary minimum
is observed in late June and early July in response to the large amounts
of fresh water being contributed by the Frazer, Skagit and Snohomish Rivers
in early summer. This freshwater is mixed in Admiralty Inlet and the
eastern end of the Strait of Juan de Fuca to cause a lowering of the
salinity of the water being refluxed back into Puget Sound. After the
secondary minimum at depth, the salinity increases abruptly and remains at
about 30.7°/oo from August until early November.
The surface water temperatures C8.20c) are coldest in February in
response to the cold air temperatures but lag behind the minimum air
temperatures by about three weeks. As the air temperatures increase toward
summer, so do the surface watey temperatures, but again with, a three to
five week lag. The maximum surface temperatures are observed in August
with an average maximum of 14.2°C. At depths below 100 meters, the coldest
water is observed in late March as a result of mixing and refluxing of water
by Admiralty Inlet.
-------
'278
The dissolved o:xygen content of the surface vr.ters undergoes large
chances because oi% phytoplanlcton activity. The resulting oxygen
production by the phytoplankton may cause the oxygen content to excel 19
ing/1 in some areas vrith values of 9 to 11 mg/1 being coiiimon over the entire
area* 'HovreVer, this - excessively high D.(X is patchy and rather isolated,
and the amount of oxygen in true solution is questionable because the
oxygen gas given off by the plankton .is probably attaches to the indi-
vidual cells in the form of micro-bubbles. The V/inklcr method of dotcr-
rnining oxygen is such that it is not possible to tell if this large
sJ.iou.nt is in tiaw solution or in the fora of ci:iall bubbles. The miniruiu
surface balues arc observed in late fall and winter vrhsn the phy toplanirton
activity is at a minimum and may be as lovr as $ Fig/1. At depth., the
dissolved oxygen content is more stable idth the Kiaxinuj.i of about 3 :n^/l
occuring in I'.&y --.rtd the miniiauiii of about 5 -r'!C/^- i" early fall. Oit.lv on
rare occr.-.Kions does the oxygen at any depth in this b.i\sin declira-. to
less the 5 rcn/1, s.n--! then only for a brief period of ti;ao,'
Flush.ing rates of the main basin have not been computed, but hcive
been csti-M^ted to vary froia iv;o to four v.-eeks, T'hj.s is substantiated
by the fact that the o:-;ygen content is quite high ti'roo.ghout most of
tho year,
-------
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E.
D
O
X
Y
O
E
N
M
O
METRO STA. 101 < 73070 I-7 4-OB3 I >
9INOLE 3AMPLE VALUES
I rlETER»X 23 neySipoO SO METER»A
FEB rvJR APR mv J1JJ J\JL AIJQ SEP
PUOET SOUND I-IAIN BA3IN
1 1-
OCT NOV DEC
STA
I I-IETER-X
101 < 730701 -7 4.0O0 1 I
SAMPUE VALUES
23 HETCR-0 30 MET6.R-A
9
A
L
I
N
I
T
V
31+
nETRO STA. 101 (700701-7*0831)
SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES
1 nETER-X 23 METER-0 30 MCTER-A
JAM F£B nAs APR niv JUN ju. AUO SEP
PUQET SOUND MAIN BASIN
OCT NOV DfiO
JAN FES rv« APR nAv JUN ju. AUO
PUOET 9OUND MAIN BASIN
H 1 1 1
3EP OCT NOV DEC
ro
-------
METRO STA. 113 < 7 3 0 7 0 t - 7 4-0B3 1 >
SINOLE SAMPLE VALUES
1 MCTER-X 23 OETEROO 30 neTER"A
T
£
M
r
E
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
e
N
T
t
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A
D
e.
31+
4-
i 1 1 1 1 1 1 4
JAN FtB M*H APR n«.Y j\jj JUL AUZ SEP ocr NOV r
9INOLE. SAMPLE VALUES
I MCTER-X 23 METER-O 30 METER-A
13
t
3
3
a
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
a
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H
M
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s
L
A
L
I
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I
T
P
p
T
M
METRO STA. 113 < 7 3 0 7 0 1 - 7 4-OS3 1 >
SINGLE SAMPLE VALUES
1 METER"X 23 METER«»O 30 METER-A
H 1 1-
FtB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUD !
PUOET SOUND MAIN BASIN
OCT
JAN FEB rvi« APR rv.r JUN Ju. tua BE?
PUOET SOUND MAIN BA9IN
DCT NOV CEO
ro
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T
£
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p
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C
£
N
T
I
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12--
METRO. STA.130 x 7 3 0 7 0 1 - 7 4- 0 63 1 )
i-te.AN VALUES
I METER=X 20 METER=0 73 METER=A
H 1 1-
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JTJL ALJS SEP OCT NCV DEC
PUGET SOUND MAIN BASIN
ro
; Oo
ro
-------
c
0
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n
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HCTRO STATION 130 < 73070 I-7*0O3I »
SAMPLE DEPTH - I METER
MAXIMUM»X MCAM»O MINIMUM«A
28:-
H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 h-
FEB MAR APR MAV Jm JU. MJO SEP OCT
PUOET SOUND MAIN BA3IN
METRO STATION 130 (730701-74.09311
SAnPLt DEPTH • a0 ntrens
nAXinunox nCAN-o niNinun-A
•JAN FCB rVM3 APR rVtY JTX J\JL ALO SO> CLTT
PUCE.T SOUND MAIN BA9IN
METRO STATION 130 < 7 3B 7 0 I - 7 4-0 83 t >
SAMPLE DEPTH « 73 METERS
19-T MAXIMUM»X M£AN»O MINIMUM«A
n
o
s
L
JAN t- to nv*
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METRO. STA.130 ^ 7 3 0 7 0 1 - 7 4-0 6 3 1 >
MEA N VALU ES
L METER=X 20 M£TER=O 73 METER=A
S
A
L
I
N
I
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P
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31--
2S--
J"AN FES MAR APR MAY JTJN JUL AUS SSP OCT NOV DEC
PUBET SOUND MAIN BASIN
ro
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METRO. 9TA . IB0 < 7 307 0 I - 7 4-083 1 >
StNOLE SAMPLE VALUES
1 METERoX 10 MET£R°O 20 M6.TER-A
D
t
3
3
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N
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JAN FEB M*R APR MAY JUN JUL ALO SBP OCT rev
PUOET 3OUND MAIN BA3IN
METRO 3TA. I3e> < 7 3 0 7 0 I - 7 <-0 S3 I )
9INOLC SAMPLE VALUES
i neres-x ss METER-O 30 METER-A
DEO
L
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METRO 9TA . IBB < 73070 1-7 4.0S3 I >
9INQLE SAMPLE VALUES
I METER-X IB METERoO 20 METER-A
1
APR
1 - 1
STJWMRD
FEB' MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUO
PUOET SOUND MAIN BA9IN
I JL — I - 1
SCP OCT KV EE
! I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FTB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AU3 SEP OCT NCV DEC
PUOET SOUND MAIN BASIN
ro
CD
vn
-------
286
HOOD CANAL BASIN
-------
287
47°50f
47M(T
Hamma Hamma
River
47°30'
47°20
HOOD CANAL BASIN
-------
• 288
HOOD CANAL
Hood Canal is the portion of Puget Sound separated from Admiralty
Inlet at the north end by a line from Tala Point to Foulweather Bluff.
It is bounded on the west by the Olympic Mountains and oh the east by the
i
Great Peninsula. Hood Canal is a long, narrow inlet rather than a
channel connecting two bodies of water. The entrance arm of Hood Canal
extends 35 kin (19 naut mi) to the southwest where it branches near
Pleasant Harbor. To the north of the juncture is Dabob Bay vdth a length
of 19 km (10.5 naut mi) and to the south is the main basin vdth a length
of 60 km (32.5 naut mi). About 18 km from the end, it bends to the
northeast and ends in mudflats at lynch Cove. The average vddth of Kood
Csnal is less than 2.5 km (8,000 feet), has a total surface ereo of 388
loir (113 so naut mi) and a volume of 26.5 knr (3.92 cu naut mi) at mean
high water.
The water depth at the entrance to Hood Canal off Tala Point is 115'n
(63 fath). To the south, the water gradually shoals xintil a sill vdth a
controlling depth of 5G m (30 fsth) is observed near lofall. The water
then deepens until it is 130 in (71 fath) off of Pleasant H;-rbor.
•
Continuing to the south, the water deepens to 170 n (93 fath) off
Quatsap Point and remains deep for the next 12 kn when it begins to
grsdur.lly shoal, and off of Koodspcrt the water is 120 meters (65 fat:')
deep. Rapid shoaling occurs around the Great Bend until the Wc.ter is
only i|5 m (2h fath) deep off of Tahuya River. The water in lynch Cove
shoals from hO m to 18 m (10 fath) net-r the head. P.e turn ing north to
Dabob Bay, a deep sill vdth a controlling depth of 127 m (70 fath) is
found about 2 kni north of Pleasant Harbor. North of the sill, the v;ater
deepens to 19li m (105 fath) and remains deep for the next ]j fei before it
-------
289
slowly shoals to 127 m (70 fath) off of Broad Spit. From here to the
head of Dabob Bay the water depth decreases rapidly. A small appendage,
Quilcene Bay, is located west of Bolton Peninsula. This bay is quite
deep but only. lj km (2 naut mi) long. The sills and bends of Hood Canal
provide the basis for dividing if into four oceanographic sub-regions
namely (Fig 2): (a) the entrance arm, (b) the main.basin, (c) lynch Cove;
i.e. those waters east of the Great Bend, and (d) Dabob Bay.
The fresh water sources for Hood Canal include land drainage, small
creeks, and several rivers. The major rivers, all located on the Olympic
Mountain side are the Skokomish, Hamma h'amma, Duckabush, and the Dosevfalips.
The Skokomish River contributes half of the fresh water on an annual
basis, buf is regulated by Cushman Dan. . All of the rivers exhibit a
peak discharge in winter in response to local rainfall, but the largest
discharge occurs in June because of snow melting in the mountains.
Hov:ever, since the Skokomish liiver is controlled, nost of the snow melt
water is impounded for use by the City of Tacona's pov.'er plant at
lioodsport and released over a longer period of time.
The surface layer in Kocd Canal does not show a gradual increase in
salinity as it moves seaward, because the fresh wster sources enter along
the edges rather than in a single river at its head. Instead, a rather
thick (3 to 7 ia) fresh surface layer is produced that dominates all the
main basin and lynch Cove. Little freshwater is discharged into Dabob
Bay so any freshwater layer must move into this area from the south. The
surface layer is present at all times of the year, but is most prominent
in ranter ana again in early surfer. ' The salinity of the surface layer is
quite variable ranging from nearly 0°/co off the river mouths to nearly
the same as the deeper water. But in general the usual salinities range
-------
29C
from about 2l|°/°° to 28°/oo» The temperatures observed in the surface
layer also exhibit extremes and reflect the prevailing surface air
temperatures. During the winter, a typical surface temperature is about
6°C while in the summer, the waters of lynch Cove region are frequently
above 22 C and have reached an extreme of 28°C while the main basin may
be up to 20°C. The lowest surface temperature recorded ?ras 0°C with
ice being present on the surface from the tip of Lynch Cove to about 5 km
north of Hoodsport. This was during a very severs- winter (1952) when
freezing conditions prevailed for nearly six weeks. The oxygen content
of the surface waters is quite variable and is dependent upon biological
activity. During the spring, phytoplankton bloom, in April and Hay,
oxygen values of over 20 mg/1 are common in the main basin.. But by the
end of summer, the oxygen content may decline to about 5 mg/!0 Surface
phosphate content is also quite variable and ranges from nearly zero
during the spring plankton bloom to over 2 microrgram atoms per liter in
the winter.. r •
The waters at depth in Hood Canal are considerably different than the
surface waters. Water from Admiralty Inlet enters off Tala Point and
.travels south through the entrance arm. Some mixing occurs at the first
sill, but not so -intense that the water column becomes homogeneous. This
water continues towards the main be;sin at a level depending upon its
density. Because it feeds into the side of the main channel rather than
at one end, the results are different than those observed in a typical
fjord. This incoming water may be dense enough to enter and spread
along the bottom or it may form a thin layer at some intermediate depth.
Hence, a considerable amount of micro structure in'Salinity and temperature
exists (Glancy 19&2; kollmeyer 1965). This -makes the flushing mechanism
conipD.ex and difficult to define.
-------
291
The vfater behind the deep sill at the entrance of Dabob Bay tends to
operate as a separate unit. This water is frequently trapped in the
deep pocket of Dabob Bay 1'or ten months before being replaced. Some of
this deep water has been observed to remain in there for over 20 months
(Barnes and Collias, 195>9). During the time this water was present,
its oxygen content decreased to under 0.5 rag/1 and the phosphate content
increased to nearly £ nicro-grarn atoms/1* In order to flush the water
trapped behind the Dabob Bay sill, water of a greater density must enter
Hood Canal. This occurs only during October of each year when the more
dense water entering in the Strait of Juan de Fuca in July and Avigust
finally penetrates this far into the Puget Sound system. Flushing of
most of Hood Canal may occur without affecting the detep water in Dabob
Bay because the inco:oing water may not be dense enough to replace the
deep trapped Woter".* Also, a sufficient quantity of this water must be
present to completely fill the deep basin south of the Dabob sill before
it will spill over into Dabob Bay.
The lynch Cove sub-region is also different than anticipated.
Because of biologies! activity in the surface waters, organic debris
rains do-.vn into the lov;cr layer. • This organic debris has a high ojxygen
r>
demand and since the deeper water of lynch Cover remains 'in the region
waters
for some time, the oxygen content of the deeper .-(below 8 meters) of this
t '• • •
sub-region is often less than 0.2 mg/1 (i.e., less than 2% saturation)
v.rhile the phosphate content increases to above i( micro-gram ator/1.
Y/hen this low o:xygen content water moves out of lynoh Cove into the nain
basin, it d^es so at a depth corresponding to its density. It can be
~~ ^The difference betv/een the existing water and entering water required
for flushing is often less than 0.2 mg/ml millilite (i.e., two parts
in 10,000; .
-------
292
detected at a depth of l£ to 30 m as far north as Tekiu Point during
some years. This is a naturally occuring phenomenon and is observed
from May through January of each year. Under proper v/ind conditions,
this low oxygen content water may come to the surface causing, fish kills.
Prevailing winds for most of the year in Hood Canal are from the
southwest and follow the contour of the basin. But in summer, northerly
vdnds are frequent. Y/ind speeds are usually under 20 km/hr (10 mph)
but v/inds up to 60 km/hr (30 mph) are not uncommon,, Sever storm winds
of over 160 km/hr (80 mph) have been observed (i.e., the Columbus Day
storm of 1962). The vrinds are one of the major driving forces in the
circulation of the Hood Canal basin and Dabob Bay. A southerly wind
will cause the surface water to move north in the main basin with part of
the water piling up in Dabob Bay and part of the water moving out of the
entrance arm. In lynch Cove, the same wind will cause a deep ening of the
surface layer. As this layer deepens, the deeper water must move out of
lynch Cove.- Then, as the surface layer moves north in the main basin,
deeper water in the south end of Hood Canal near Union and Hoodsport must
replace the surface water. Therefore, as mentioned previously, it is
.possible for the low oxygen content water from Lynch Cove to be forced •
to the surface off of Hoodsport in response to wind action. When this
phenomon occurs, especially in late fall, a fish kill may occur. At the
same time in Dabob Bay, a southerly wind v.ill cause the surface layer to
deepen from tvro to five times its normal depth. The layer will have a
very sharp therrr.ocline at its lower boundary. Then as the surface layer
deepens, water from deoth must move to the south.
"When the v/inds come from the north, the surface layers in both Dabob
Bay and Lynch Cove are moved to the south, and the surface layer in the
-------
293
south end of the main basin is deepened. As the surface layer moves out
of Dabob Bay at lynch Cove, it is replace by rater from depth. YiTicn this
occurs in summer, the deep water is often seven to ten degrees cooler so
that any oyster spat in the north end of Dabob Bay may be killed or
reduced in number. Upon subsidence of the winds, either north or south,
a period of readjustment occurs with increased surface current speeds.
This period of adjustment takes about 2li to Ii8 hours.
I
The characteristics of the deeper water are relatively stable. In
summer, the temperatures are between 10° and 12°C and the salinity from
30.0°/oo to 30.8°/oo. In the winter, the temperature nay drop to about
8 to 9°C and the salinity as low as 29°/oo. Frequently during winter
and early spring the deep waters are warmer than the surface. Oxygen
content of this water is usually above 5 mg/1 with the exceptions previously
discussed and the phosphate content is usually cbove 2 :iracro-gr£in atoms/]..-
-------
PROKILE LOCATION CHART
I-DABOB BAY-|—HOOD CANAL BASIN—[-LYNCH COVE-J
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
«5' JO' 15' I2J- 45' 30'
SOUHCEj Atlas of Physical ana Chealcal Propertl« of Piget Sount «nd lt'« Arore«chejT~
Eugene E. CoUiaa, Ooel McGvy. «nd Clifford A. Samel. Uilveraltr of Wublngton
Prell. Copjrrlght 1971"- A Washington Seo Orent Publication.
ro
MD
20 NAUTICAL MILES
-------
-TEMPERATURE (°C)
•>
H»B09 BA>-|—HOOD CANAL BASIN—kvNCH coutH |-o»l»B B*Y-I—HOOD CANAL BASIN—kvNCH ctvt-l 1-01006 RM-|— HOOO CANAL BASIN—krNCH CCVt-(
295
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
TEMPERATURE (°C)
hMBOB BAY-I—HOOD CANAL BASIN—KtiiCx CCVtH I-KB08 Mr-|—MOOD CANAL BASIN—ktNCH Cff/E-l 1-00608 Mv-|—HOOD CANAL BASIN— kr-JCH
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
SOURCE! Atl»a of Phygical and Chemical Properties of ^iget Sound and it'a Approachea.
Bugen* E. Colllas, Noel McCary, end Clifford A. Barnes. University of Waahiogton •
Pr*«s> Copyright 1971*. A Washington Sea Grant Publication.
-------
296
TEMPERATURE (°C)
\-DtVX BJM—HOOO CANAL BASIN—kv*x COV^ (-04BOB B»v-|—HOOD CANAL BASIN—I-UNCM ctvtH I-01B06 B1Y-I—HOOD CANAL BASIN—kvWH etvt^
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
SOURCE; Atlas of Physical and Chemical Properties of Puget Sound and it'fl Approaches
Eti(Bn« I. Colliu, H<»1 McG&ry. und Clifford A. Bunei. University of Vaahington
l. Copyright 1971". A Vuhlngton Sea Grant Publication.
-------
OXYGEN (%satn.)
(-MBOB B»»-l—HOOD CANAL BASIN—KVNW CO*H I-WBOB Biv-l—HOOD CANAL BASIN—i-LYNCM CWE-I I-04B08 64V-|—HOOD CANAL BASIN—kmOH CCVE-I
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
OXYGEN (% satn.)
(-WBOB BM-I—HOOD CANAL BASIN—KYWCM COX.] h»BOa ea-\—HOOD CANAL BASIN—kvNCH ccvtH I-OSBOB Blt-l—HOOD CANAL BASIN —ItviCM C
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
SOURCE: Atlas of Physical and Chemical Properties of Puget Sound and It'a Approaches*
Suaan* K. Colllu. Noel McGary, and Clifford A. Barnes. Itaiveraity of Washington
Pr«»* Copyright 1971*. A Vuhlngtoa Sea Grant Publication.
f-n—'a—r.—*ii—&.««i m
-------
298
OXYGEN '(% sotn.)
hweoe aw-l—HOOD CANAL BASIN—HWCH covtH 1-oaBoe MY-|—HOOD CANAL BASIN—KVNCM cov£^ I-WBOB B»T-|—HOOD.CANAL BASIN—KWCM OVE-)
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
SOURCE} Atlas of Physical and Ghentcal Propertlea of Pug»t_5_ound_and_lt*e_ Approaches.
Eugene E. CoUlos, Noel HcGary, and Clifford A. Barnes. University of Washington
Press. Copyright 197't- A Washington Sea Grant Publication.
-------
SALINITY (%0)
I-0«K>B BM-I—HOOD CANAL BASIN—kfNCH cat-I l-CUBoa BAY-I—HOOD CANAL BASIN—kvNCH UHtl I-OA80B B«Y-|—HOOD CANAL BASIN— KvNCH ctVC-l
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
SALINITY (%o)
•*
l-OWe Bw-l—HOOD CANftL BASIN T-kmOi C«H 1-tv.ooo-•».-!•>—HPOO.CitJfiL. BASK—i:kr«CHro.T-|. >CMI09 8i>rl—HOOD CAN1L 8ASIN—krtiCM rJM-)
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
SOURCE: Atlas of Physical and Chemical Properties of Puget Sound and lt*> Approachel.
lugeni E. CoUiu, Hoel HcGuy, njid Clifford A. B&mea. Univerittir of Washington
Pr«t«. Cbp/rlght 197k- A Vuhlngton Se> Grwt Publication.
-------
300
SALINITY (%0)
I-04B09 BAY-I—HOOD CANAL BASIN— kwCH OCMH I-WBOB B4Y-I—HOOD CANAL BASIN— I-UNCM CCVt4 1-CttBOB BAT-I—HOOD CAMAL BASIN—IIYN
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
• l.fci'^^*^ +fA fc* A -**f JM * A l>^» * 1**-**f * JL^
lUBgi Atl»l of Hiyaic«l and Chemical Prop«rtle» of Pug»t Sound «nd lt'« Appre.chm.
'^«°» «• CoUlw. Mo.! McOary. «id cllrford A. Bamc.runlvcr.it7 of Wuhlniton
trm. Copjrrlght 1971!. A Washington Sea Grant Publication.
-------
301
PHOSPHATE (/.g.ot./l)
t-0»BOB BAY-I—HOOD CANAL BASIN—kwCH CCVtH I-01BOB R"-|—HOOD CANAL BASIN—kvNCH CCWtH I-DHBOB BAY-I—HOOD CANAL BASIN—RvWX CWE-I
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
PHOSPHATE (fig. at./l)
I-04BOB B4T-!—HOOD CANAL BASIN—kvNO avtH 1-oiBOB Biv-|—HOOD CANAL BASIN—I-LYNCH ccvtH f-WBoe BAT-|—HOOO CANAL BASIN—kmCH CWtH
DABOB BAY TO LYNCH COVE
SOURCE: AtlM ef Physical md Oiemlcnl Propertits of Puget Sound »nj It'a Approach^
Eugene E. Collins, Noel McOaiy, ond ClUford'A. Bamea. Unlvernlty of Ueahlngton
PrMB* Copyright 1971*' -A Vashlngtoa Sea Grant Publication.
-------
302
SOUTHERN PUGET SOUND BASIN
-------
SOUTHERN PUGET SOUND BASIN
U)
o
U)
-------
SOUTHERN PUGET SOUND
Southern Puget Sovmd consists of all the waters south of the Tacoma
Narrows and includes Carr Inlet,1 Case Inlet, Henderson Inlet, Budd Inlet,
Eld Inlet, Totten Inlet, Hammersley Inlet — Oakland Bay, and all the
connecting channels. The surface area is ItfO km2 (137 sq naut mi) with
a combined volume of 15.8 loa^ (2.h9 cu naut mi) refered to mean high
vfater. Water depths vary from I6h m (91 fath) off McNeil Island to mud
flats at the head of the various inlets.
The largest river entering southern Puget Sound is the Nisqually
which exhibits two runoff peaks. The Deschutes river enters Budd Inlet
near Olyinpia but it is only about 2$% as large as the Nisqually. Other
sources of fresh-water are from many small creeks, such as Chambers
Creek near Steilacoom and Goldsborough Creek near Shelton, and from land
. drainage.
Prevailing winds are usually souther3y most of the year except
during the'summer when northerlies occur. However, local topographic
effects are significant- and modify the flow of air over this region to
a considerable extent. The winds are usually in the same direction at
the same time as observed in the main basin of Puget Sound, but are
usually of less intensity.
All of the water entering southern Puget Sound must pass through
the Tacoma Narrovrs. On an average tide or 3.9 m (13 feet), 1.6U kin-' of
vfater pass through the Narrows. Currents are veiy strong in the Narrows
with speeds up to 11 kn/hr (6 knots) being coMnon. The Narrows is a
mixing zone similar to Admiralty Inlet, but on a smaller scale. In this
case, waters from either side to depths of about 50 m are mixed depending
upon the tide direction. Complete top to bottom mixing occurs during
-------
during most of the tide cycle. Only on small tides, of less than about
5 m range, does any surface water as an entity penetrate into or past the
Narrows. On a flood tide, strong turbulence is observed from the Narrows
south to near Nisqually Reach. Currents in Nisqually Reach are often
about $ kin/hr (3 knots). Because of this extensive mixing, the waters
from the Narrows to Johnson Point are vertically homogeneous with some
change in the longitudinal direction. The salinity.for a station off
Me Neil Island varies from an average.winter low of 28 /oo to an average
high of slightly over 30°/oo. Temperatures vary from a winter low of
7»5°C to a summer high of li|°C. Rarely does the vertical temperature
difference in the water column exceed 2°C and is usually less than 0.5°C.
The oxygen content is fairly uniform varying frcra a low of 5«9 mg/1 to a
high of-8..5 jiig/1.
The largest inlet in southern Puget Sound is Carr Inlet. It is 22.5
km (12.5 naut mi) long, with an average width of 2.7 km (1.5 naut mi),
and has a water depth of loO meters (89 fath) at its entrance. The depth
remains more than 100 m (55 fath) for half of its length. It then gradu-
ally decreases to a nud flat at its end near the town of Purely. Only a
sm?13. amount of fresh-water enters this inlet and most of that is i'rcm a
creek near Purdy. An intensive survey of Carr Inlet was made between
February 195U and February 1935 (Barnes, Collias, and PacAiette, 19^5).
The waters of Csrr Inlet are usually homogeneous with depth as well as
longitudinally and laterally. Salinity differences are usually less than
l°/oo and tenperatures are usually within l°c except during the suiter
when the surface may be about 3°C higher than the deeper water. Minimum
salinities and temperatures are'observed in February bein<; 29.6°/;oo~ and.
8°C respectively. The surface temperature will increase to about 15.5°C
-------
306
in the summer and will be accompanied with a salinity of about 29«8°/oo.
Oxygen content vd.ll vary from an autumn low of £.6 ing/1 to a spring high
of 9.6 rag/1 because of.the annual phytoplankton bloom.
The next largest inlet in southern Puget Sound is Case Inlet with a
length of 22 km (12 naut mi) and an average width of 2.7 km (1.5 naut mi).
The depth at the entrance is 63 m (3£ fath) just north of Johnson Point and
remains over J# m (30 fath) for over 7$^ of its length. The fresh water
source for this inlet is entirely by local land drainage. Any surface
layer developed is primarily due to temperature gradients rather than
salinity gradients even though some Nisqually River water nay penetrate
into the southern end. The minimum salinity of 28°/oo at all depths was
observed to occur in winter in response to increased rainfall. The low-
est temperatures of about 7°C were observed in late winter. During the
summer the salinity increased to about 29.5°/°° and'the temperature of
the surface waters increased to about 16 c and those at depth to over
lU°C. The. o;xyge-n content of the waters are usually above 6 rng/1 at all
depths. The surface oxygen content is affected by biological conditions,
especially durjjig the large spring phytoplankton bloom. Also, the phos-
phate content of the vrater remains between o.O^ and 0.07 ml Hi -grams per
liter of phosphate-phosphorus throughout most of the year and is also
subject to changes by biological activity.
The remaining inlets are small and exhibit trends in salinity and
tei.perature siiailar to those of Case Inlet. Budd Inlet is slightly
fresher than Case Inlet because the Deschutes Hiver enters.at its head.
Only two of the inlets, Oakland Bay - Kairunersley Inlet and Totten Inlet,
are significantly lower in salinity than the neighboring waters through-
out the year. This lowering of salinity in Oakland Bay - Haraiaersley is <">
-------
due to the relatively large volume of water being discharged by Goldsbor-
ough Creek in comparison to the volume of water.contained vdthin Oakland
Bay.
-------
PRCrlLE LOCATION CHART
trt
Ct o
UJ
Q
CASE INLET
SOUBCE: Atlas of Physical and Chenlcal Properties of Puget Stnmil and lt'« Approaehal.
Eugene E. Colllas, Hoel KcGary, and Clifford A..Barnes. Univeralty of Washington
Press. Copyright 1971". A Washington Sea Grant Publication.
UO
. O
OO
20 NAUTICAL M.
-------
TEMPtRATURE (°C)
CRUISE BB 167
DATE 7 UAr '37
CRUISE BB 2O3
MTr II NOV 'St
>7.5
DATE ft JAN 'CO
0
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900
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DATE 12 AUG '34
MTt ^J DEC '33
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DATE H MAR '33
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_ _ _ T _, r -^ SOURCE: Atlas of _ physical and Cheoical Properties of Puget._Sound._gnd it*B Appro ache*.
I ^J I C I Eugene E. Coll las. Hoel HcCary. and Clifford A. Barnes. University of Washington
J[ 1 >( i^ Aw 1 Pre««. Copjrrlgbt 1971!. A Washington Sea Grant Publication.
>10.5
.11.0.
CRUISE SB tig
DtTC 14 NOV 'SI
0
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IO NAUTICAL MILES
ZO KILOMETERS
-------
OXYGL.^ (% sotn.)
CRUISE BB IPS
DATE II NOV '3t
0
IOO
ZOO
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CRUISE PSS H
DATE /^ JUG '34
DATE H MAR 'S3
CRUISE gg /OJ
CASE INLET
SOUBCE: Atlas of Physical and Chcaica] Properties of Puget Sound and It's A?proftche«.
Eugene E. Collias, Hoel HcOoxy, and Clifford A. Barnes. Uhivenltjr of Uaahlogtoo
press. Copyright 1971*. A Washington Sea Grant Publication.
CHUISC BB 109
BATE 13 DfC 'SS
CRUISE BB S7t
DATE 19 DfC 'tO
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K> NAUTICAL HILC9
20 KILOMETCKS
I-
c
-------
SALINITY (%0)
-28.5~Z.2B-0;
CRUISE BB S3
am II JULY '34
-28.3 .
DATE T H*Y '37
28.0-
28.5
CRUISE BB 111
pi-rr IS JAN 'SO
0
10O
200
JpO
400
—28.3—-:
<29.0
II JUNE "37
CRUISE BB 209
ntTE 13 DEC 'SB
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• 300
• 4OO
£ «
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DATE _24MARJS5
DATE 14 Utr '53
CRUISE PSOS I
DATE tl AVS '37
tant II FfB '39
MTE *J HAP 'S3
DtTE /g Off 'SO
-27.5-^-27.0-
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• 100
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• IOO
• 200
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CRUISE BB 134
oat 23 JAN '37
TXTT T^T1
I ' l\| I LI I
Ji i ^ J_>l_s 1
Atlas of Physical and chenleal Prorertlea of Puget Sounfl and It's Aiiproaehei.
Eugene E. Collies, Hoel McGary. and Clifford A. Barnes. University of Uuhlngtcn
Press. Copyright 1971". t, Washington Sea Grant Publication.
CRUlsg BB fit
D»TC 14 NOV 'SI
1°
• IOO
• 200
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CM.
U)
20 MUM)—15
H1
-------
III. WASTE SOURCES
-------
A.PT. SOURCE INVENT.
-------
312
BASIN MUNICIPAL AND'INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCE'LOADING
COMPARISON AND PERCENT CONTRIBUTIONS
-------
1. FRESH WATER
-------
BASIN MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCE LOADING COMPARISON
PUGET SOUND 30 5 -A
FRESH WATER BASINS
BODC
Ibs/day
BASIN
Ce dar-S ammami sh
Duvamish-Green
Nisq.ua! ly
Nooksack
Puyallup
Skagit
Snohomish
Stillaguamish
PERCENT CONTRIBUTIONS
/"^Pidar-Sammamish
\ Duwamish-Green
Ni squally
Nooks ack
Puyallup
Skagit
Snohomish
Stillaguamish
M
_
2296.7
312.8
161.9
1*261*8.0
1130.0
291*8.7
61*6.7
i/
20.1*
100.0
36. U
8U.1
78.9
85.8
100.0
I
576.7
8961.2
—
282.0
8038.0
301.1
1*88.0
• ~
100.0
79.6
-
63.6
15.6
21.1
ll*.2
-
N-N03
Ibs/day
M
_
782.3
59-8
75-7
1160.0
393.2
980.3
89.6
97.5
100.0
70.2
9^.3
91.2
96.5
100.0
I
3.1
19.3
_
32.1
69.3
37.8
35.0
— m
100.0
2.5
-
29.8
5.7
8.8
3.5
-
T-PHOS
Ibs/day
M
_
1573.7
21.5
25.6
225.1
ll*5.7
520.2
31.9
100.0
100.0
31*. U
90.1*
92.1*
89.1*
100.0
I
0.31*
0;ol*
_
1*8.7
23.7
11.9
61.2
. —
100
*
—
65
9
7
10
I/ Percent of data available
* Insignificant'contribution
(less than 1.0%)
No major Discharges reported
-------
31U
BASIN MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCE LOADING COMPARISON
PUGET SOUND 305-A
MARINE WATER BASINS
BOD^ N-NO,
Ibs/day
BASIN
Strait of JDF
San Juan Islands
Admiralty Inlet
North Sound
Whidbey 5
Main Puget Sound
Southern Puget Sound
Hood Canal
PERCENT CONTRIBUTIONS"
Strait of JDF
San Juan Islands
Admiralty Inlet
North Sound
Whidbey
Main Puget Sound
Southern Puget Sound
Hood Canal
I
5UU,266.0
-
15,796.6
1*1*1*, 631.1*
,68U, 2l*8.l
126,71*2.5
586,71*0.8
"
l/
100.0
—
100.0
98.7
100.0
53.8
100.0
-
M.
1*56.3
1*00.3
1*09.2
5701*. 6
3235-5
108,1*37.0
3,9^8.7
51.3
*
100.0
*
1.3
#
.1*6.2
*
100.0
Ibs/day
I
1*26.7
_
7.5
968.6
599.7
1039.9
61*36.5
"
86.1*
-
5.6
50.0
30.5
5.2
85.1*
_
M
67.1
65.1*
126.9
968.6
1363.0
18,71!*.!*
1091*. o
11.25
13.6
100.0
9!*.!*
50.0
69.5
9U.8
1U.6
100.0
T-PHOS
Ibs/day
I
56.3
-
1*2.2
31*1*. 8
2692.5
ll*, 265.0
•21,276.2
"
29.1
—
1*8.2
50.0
81*. 1
67.8
98.2
_
M
137.0
22.3
1*5-3
31*1*. 8
507.3
6,71*5.1
389.6
3.9
70.9
100.0
51.8
50.0
15.9
32.2
1.8
100.0
!_/ Percent of data available
* Insignificant contribution
(less than 1.0 %}
No major discharges reported
-------
315
MUNICIPAL POINT SOURCE LOADING
-------
MUNICIPAL POINT SOURCE LOADINGS
PUGET SOUND 305-A
PERCENT LI CONTRIBUTIONS
MUNICIPALITY
REC. WATER
DUWAMISH-GREEN BASIN
Rainier Vista STP
Metro Renton STP
Duwamish R
Green R.
Basin Total
NISQUALLY BASIN
Eatonville STP
Elbe Storm Sewer
Longmire
McKenna House
Paradise Lodge
Tahoma Woods
NOOKSACK BASIN
Everson STP
Ferndale
Lynden STP
Nooksack
Mashel R..
Nisqually R.
Nisqually R.
Nisqually R.
Nisqually R.
Nisqually R.
Total
39.2/5.1*
51.2
7l*. 8
21.8
83.0
68. k
.04
.06
.005
0.11
146.2
85
12
11.4
1.2
57
312.8
46.7
27.1
3.8
3.6
*
18.2
99.4
21.2
12.3
10.5
2.5
1.0
12.3
59.8
35.5
20.6
17.5 '
4.2
1.6
20.6
100
8.2
4.8
4.1
4
*
4.4
21.5
36.0
21.1
18.0
3.9
1.7
19.3
100
Nooksack R.
Nooksack R.
Nooksack R.
Nooksack R.
Basin Total
PUYALLUP BASIN
Buckley STP
Carbonado STP
'Enumclaw STP
Orting STP
Puyallup STP
Rainier St. Sen.
Sumner STP
Basin
White R..
Carbon R.
Boise Cr.
Carbon R. .
Puyallup R.
White R.
White "R.
Total
10.8/22.3
17.7/12
10 ..8/21.1/1.0
17-7/2.1
1.6
10.8/25
10.8/0.01
.025
.035
1.5
.32
27.4
35
.7
30.33
1026.0
1270.7
2296.7
146.2
85
12
11.4
1.2
57
312.8
9.1
44.4
68.4
40.0
161.9
91
6
121
23
42996
35
76
UU.7
55.3
100
46.7
27.1
3.8
3.6
*
18.2
99.4
5.6
27.4
42.2
24.8
100.2
*
*
*
*
98.9
*
*
Ibs/dav % Basin
OQ 7
^J" (
5.0
16.1*
.007
0.3
0.45
=
0.75
9.1
44.4
68.4
40.0
161.9
5.6
27.4
42.2
24.8
100.2
13.7
38.9
23.1
• -
75.7
18.1
51.4
30.5
-
100
5.3
15.0
59.9
—
25.6
6.6
18.7
74.7
—
100
42648.0 98.9
225.0
557.3
.782.3...
21.2
12.3
10.5
2.5
1.0
12.3
59.8
13.7
38.9
23.1
'~7Trr
20
8
106
35
518
53
420
1160
28.8
71.2
100
35.5
20.6
17.5 '
4.2
1.6
20.6
100
18.1
51.4
30.5
Too""""
1.7
*
9.1
3.0
44.7
4.6 .
36.2
99.3
T-Phos .
Ibs/dav % Basin
80.1
149 3. $
1573..7_..
8.2
4.8
4.1
4
*
4.4
21.5
5.3
15.0
59.9
25.6
7
3
41
13
200
20
162
225.1
5.1
9**. 9
100
36.0
21.1
18.0
3.9
1.7
19.3
100
6.6
18.7
74.7
100
1.6
*
9.2
2.8
44.9
4.5
36.3
99.3
U)'
i •
ON
-------
MUNICIPALITY
EEC. WATER
KEVER MILE
FLOW MGD
BOD5
Ibs/day -% .Basin
SKAGIT BASIN
Burlington STP Skagit R.
Concrete STP Baker R.
Diablo STP Skagit R.
Mt. Vernon STP Skagit R.
Newhalem Proj . STP Skagit R.
Sedro Wooley STP Skagit R.
Basin Total
SNOHOMISH BASIN
Duval STP Snoqualmie R./Snoh.R.
Echo Glen Child Ctr.Icy Cr.
Everett STP Snohomish R.
Granite Falls Pilchuck R.
Monroe STP Skykomish R.
North Bend STP S.F. Snoqualmie
Snohomish STP Snohomish R.
Snoqualmie STP Snoqualmie R.
Sultan STP • Sultan R.
Basin Total
STILLAGUAMISH BASIN
Arlington Stillaguamish R.
Stanwood Stillaguamish R.
Basin Total
18.1
99.8
10. T
93.2
22.7
10/20.5
20.5/25
2.3
13.^/20
25.0
20.5A2/1.8
12.1
20.5A0.8
31*. 6/0.1
17.6
3.U
.75
.06
.028
2.4
.034
.97
4.24
.038
10.0
.5
.32
-
.001
.14
.1
11.01
.4
.13
.55
74
17
37
923
12
67
1130
Proposed
8.5
2419
250
65
38.4
115.2
25
27.6
2948.7
534
112.6
646.6
6.5
1.5
3.3
81.7
1.1
5.9
100
1974
*
82.0
8.4
2.3
1.3
4.0
*
*
98
82.6
17.4
100.0
64,7
14.7
*•
202.5
10.5
100.8
393.2
1.2
735
-
56.6
33.5
100.6
29.3
24.1
980.3
56.3
33.3
89.6
N-N03
'Ibs/day % Basin
16,5
3.8
51.5
2.6
25.6
100
T-Phos
Ib'sVdag. % 'Basiti
75.0
5.7
3.4
10.3
3.0
2.5
99.9
62.8
37.2
100
24.9
5.7
72.1
4.1
38.9
145.7
.5
425
21.9
13.0
39.1
11.3
9.4
520.2
20.0
11.9
31.9
17.1
3.9
49.5
2.8
26.7
100
*
81.7
4.2
2.5
7.5
2.2
1.8
99.9
62.7
37.3
100
_!/ Percent of available data
- No data available
* Insignificant Basin Contribution
CO
-------
318
INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCE LOADING
-------
INDUSTRIAL POINT OURCE LOADING
Discharger Receiving Waters
CEDAR SAMMAMISH SUB BASIN
N. W. Nut & Bolt Lake Wash. Ship Canal
N. W. Steel Rolling Mill "
Seattle Cedar Lumber Co. " "
U. S. Plywood Champion Paper " _"
BASIN TOTAL
DESCHUTES SUB BASIN
Olympia Brewing co. . Des chutes River
DUAMISH - GRE€N SUB BASIN •
Liquid Carbomic Co. Duamish River
Airco Welding Prod. " "
Montesantd " "
Earle M. Joyensen " "
Seattle Rendering Works " "
Shell Tank Farm Black River
BASIN TOTAL
Flow
MGD
.01
10.13
.74
.83
11.71
.7
1.2
.01
.34
.05
.1
.22
1.92
BOD,
Ib/day
• 2.02
506 . 86
24.0
43.9
576.78
0
604.2
—
73.7
.54
25.8
8,257.0
8,961.2
N03 T. Pho-,
Ib/day Ib/day
.003 —
2.53 —
— — •
.54 .34
3.17 0.3U
0 0 .
18.8 —
,04 —
.49 .04
— —
-
— —
19.33 O.OU £
\n
—- Indicates no data available
-------
Discharger
NOOKSACK SUB BASIN
Consolidated Dairy Prod.
Consolidated Dairy Prod.
Lynden Waste W. T. P.
Nooks ack Fish Hatchery
Van Werren Trucking
PUYALLUP SUB BASIN
Boeing Co.
Fibre Board Corp.
Standard Brands
Weber Inc.
Weyerhaeuser
SKAGIT SUB BASIN
Carnation Co.
Consolidated Dairy Prod.
Skagit Fish Hatchery
Stolely - Van Camp
Receiving Waters
. Fish Trap Creek
Nooks ack River
Nooks ack River
Kendall Creek
Nooks ack River
BASIN TOTAL
RIVER
MLE
13. 2/1*. 8
17.0
17.0
1*5.9/0.1
17.0
Canal to White River 10.8/5
White River
ii ii
ii ii
Boise Creek ' "
BASIN TOTAL
Skagit River
ti ii
Cascade River
Skagit River
10.8/1.1*
' 10.8/1.0
10.8/2.0
10.8/21.1/6
,11.1*
10.9
78.3/1.0
'i 10.8
Flow
MGD
.11
.66
.06
6.31*
.01
7.18
2.15
.65
• 72
.02
l'.l*l*
1*.98
.5
.5
7.2
.06
BOD5 N03
Ib/day Ib/day
0 1.3
175 3.3,
0 0
'.107 27.5
0 0
282.0 32.1
57 53.8
813 1.1
6,930 lU.l*
130 0
108 0
8038.0 69.30
6.0 0
0 0
ll*8 37.8
ll*7 0
T. Phos.
Ib/da.y
.3.4
U3.7
0
1.6
0
1*8~.?
2.0
2.2
17-9
0
1.6
23 = 70
0
0
2.1*
7-5
ro
BASIN TOTAL
8.26
301.1
37.8
11.9
-------
Discharger
SNOHOMISH SUB BASIN
Carnation Farms
Pan Alaska Fisheries
Skykomish Fish Hatchery
Weyerhaeuser Wood Prod.
Weyerhaeuser
STILLIQUAMISH SUB BASIN
PEP Northvest
Twin City Foods
Receiving Waters
Sno
-------
INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCE
PER ^^'CONTRIBUTION
INDUSTRY
% of INDUSTRIAL
BODg NOo T. Phos ,
322
CEDAR SAMMISH SUB BASIN
N. W. Nut & Bolt
N. W. Steel Rolling Mill
Seattle Cedar Lumber Co.
U.S. Plywood Campion Paper
DESCHUTES SUB BASIN
Olympia Brewing Uo.
87. 8
U.2
7.6
99
79-7
20.2
99.9
100.0
100.0
DUWAMISH-GREEN 'SUB BASIN
Liquid Carbonic Co.
Airco Welding Pl-od.
Montesanto
Earle M. Joyensen
Seattle Rendering Works
Shell Tank Farm
NOOKSACK SUB BASIN
Consolidated Dairy Prod.
Consolidated Dariy Prod.
Lynden Waste W. T. P.
Nooksack Fish Hatchery
Van Werven Trucking
PUYALLUP SUB BASIN
Boeing Co.
Fibre Board Corp.
Standard Brands
Weber Inc.
Weyerhaeuser
6.7
97.2
*
*
*
ft
92.1
98.8
62.1
-
37-9
-
100.0
*;•
10.1
86.2
1.6
l.U
99.3
2.5
*
I..
-
99-7
U.o
10.0
0
86.0
0
100.0
77.63
—
20.77
_
-
98. k
100
^»
—
~
100.0
7.0
89.8
0.0
3.2
0.0
100.0
8.U
9.3
75-5
0.0
6.8
100.0
-------
323
INDUSTRY
BODc
% of INDUSTRIAL
Wo
T. Phos.
SKAGIT SUB BASIN
Carnation Co.
Consolidated Dairy Prod.
Skagit Fish Hatchery
Stokely - Van Camp
BASIN TOTAL
SNOHOMISH SUB BASIN
Carnation Farms
Pan Alaska Fisheries
Skykomish Fish Hatchery
Weyerhaeuser Wood Prod,
Weyerhaeuser
BASIN TOTAL
2.0
o.O
1*9.2
]>8.8
100.0
1.0
0
18.0
38.9
1*2.1..
100.0
0
0
100
0
100.0
0
0
6U.3
0"
35.7
100.0
0
0
2U.2
75.8
100.0
0
0
3.33
5.2
91.5
100 . 0
I/ Percent1 of data available
- indicates no data available
* indicates insignificant basin contribution
-------
2. MARINE WATER
-------
32k
MUNICIPAL POINT SOURCE LOADING
-------
DISCHARGER
REC. WATER
MUNICIPAL r-'N^^BRCE LOADINGS
PUGEX SOUND 305-A
K-H03 -I
BODs I/
FLOW HGD LBS/DAY % BASIN LBS/DAY % BASIH
T-PHOS -if
3/
LBS/DAY
% BASIN
STRAIT OF JUAN DE FUCA BASIN
Port Angeles SJF
Sequim SJF
Basin Total
SAN JUAN ISLAND BASIN
Blaine St. of George
Friday Harbor Friday Harbor
Basin Total
ADMIRALTY INLET BASIH
Port Ludlow Admiralty In.
Port Townsend Admiralty In.
Basin Total
1.5
1.75
3.25
.407
.110
.517
406.83
49.56
456.39
218.9
181.4
400.3
89.18
10.82
100.00
54.6
45.3
100.0
349.8
32.14
67.12
48.0
17.4
65.4
91.5
8.4
100.0
73.3
26.7
100.0
1.64
98.33
100.0
124.6
12.40
137.00
17.1
6.23
23.33
90.9
9.0
100.0
73.3
26,7
100.0
NORTH SOUND BASIN
Anacortes
Bellinghan
Basin Total
VmiEBEY BASIN
Coupeville
Everett
Langely
Kukilteo
Oak Harbor
Pean Cove
Stanwocd
Basin Total
PUGET SOUND MAIN BASIN
Padilla Bay
Bellingham Bay
Perm Cove
Pt. Gardner Bay
Saratoga Pass.
Possession Sd.
Oak Harbor
Per.r. Cove
Skagit Bay
4.26
4.50
8.76
.150
10.0
0.64
.10
.55
0.3
0.9
12.64
3867.9
1836.7
5704.6
67.80
32.19
100.0
218.6
750.10
968.7
77.8
267.0
344.8
22.56
77.43
100.0
76.9
2145.7
53.58
24.99
581.4
45.6
307.34
3235.51
2.3
66.3
1.6
17.9
1.4
9.5
99.7
16.87
1107.5
39.84
33.10
127.45
9.9
28.34
1363.0
1.2
81.1
2.9
2.4
9.3
2.0
99.6
6.01
425.25
4.19
11.79
45.39
3.56
10.93
507.37
1.1
83.8
0.8
2.3
8.9
2.1
99.7
Bremerton
Sinclair In.
5.9
4505.9
4.16
1534.4
8,20
546.6
8.1
•> ro
-------
DISCHARGER
EEC. WATER
FLOW MGD
MUNICIPAJ [J^BfiURCE LOADINGS
PUGET SOUW305-A
BOD5 I/ N-N03 I/
T-PHOS 3/
LBS/DAY
% BASIN
LBS/DAY
BASIN
LBS/DAY
Z BASIN
PUGET SOUND MAIN BASIN (Cont'd)
Edmonds
Kit sap Co. Sewer Dist.
LakeHaven
Port Orchard
Poulsbo
Ruston
Seattle:
Alkl Point
Carkeek
West Point
Richmond Beach
Tacoma :
Ruston Way
Western Slopes ;
Vashon Island S.D.
.Winslow
Basin Total
SOUTHERN PUGET SOUND BASIN
Dupont
Fircrest
Gig Harbor
Olynpia
Shelton
Steilacoom
Tumwater
Basin Total
Puget Sound
Puget Sound
Puget Sound
Sinclair In.
Liberty Bay
Commencement Bay
Puget Sound
. Puget Sound
Puget. Sound
Puget Sound
Commencement Bay
Commencement Bay
P.S. East Passage
Eagle Harbor
Cass Inlet
. Narrows
Gig Harbor
Budd Inlet
Oakland Bay
Nisqually Slough
Budd Inlet
1.9
0.71
0.9
.88
0.18
*
11.8
3.0
118.6
2.3
3.8
1.7
0.52
.037
482.27
*
*
*
5.39
*
.750
*
6.14
3212.8 2.96
579.9
749.7
374.7
169.43
116.96
4407.3 4.06
2274.1 2.1
84656.6 .78.1
2329.0 2.2
3988.4 3.68
920.4
7.68
144.21 ,---
108,437.08 99.06
5110.0
595.0
243.9
20,563.6
11,930.2
399.0
646.0
3948.77
12.94
1.5
52.0
30.21
649.71
358.4
249.7
98.72
46.52
17.18
1087.5
625.0
12,350.0
412.5
1062.4
184.1
6.73
31.61
18,714.47
7.49
87.46
35.85
624.7
156.1
87.46
94.96
1094.02
3.47
1.9
1.34
V — —
5.81
3.34
65.9
2.2
5.68
1.0
-- -
99.9
.68
7.9
3.28
57.1
14.27
7.99
8.68
99.9
458.3
222.5
4396.6
146.8
378.37
65.66
2.60
11.26
6745.14
6.8
3.3
65.1
2.1C
5.61
97.84
-------
MUNICIPAL :
LOADINGS
PUGET SOUND 305-A
DISCHARGER
HOOD CANAL BASIN
Bangor USN
Port Ludlow
Basin Total
REC.
Hood
Hood
WATER
Canal
Canal
FLOW MGD
.014
.0065
.0205
BOD5
LBS/DAY
11.4
39.9
51.3
I/
% BASIN
22.2
77.8
100.0
N-N03
LBS/DAY
2.5
8.75
11.25
!/
% BASIN
22.2
77.8
100.0
T-PHOS
LBS/DAY
0.89
3.11
3.99
I/
% BASIN
22.30
77.70
100.00
Percent contribution "based on available data
I/, 21 and 3/ calculated through degree of treatment and population
- - - indicates insignificant contribution
* indicates no data available
U)
ro
-------
328
INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCE LOADING
-------
STKAIT OF JUAN DE FUCA
DISCHARGER
Crown Zellerbach Co.
ITT Rayonier
Basin Total
SAN JOAU ISLAND BASIN
DISCHARGER
Atlantic Richfield Co.
Intalco .Aluminum
Mobil Oil Corporation
ADMIRALTY INLET BASIN
DISCHARGER
Crown Zellerbach
INDUSTRIAL P-"!*^«JRCE LOADING
PUGE .-USD 305-A
BASIN
FLOW BODs N - N03 T - Phos T-Solids
REC. WATER MGD Ibs/day " % Basin Ibs/day' % Basin Ibs/day' ' %' Basin Ibs/day % Basin
St. Joe 14.3 14,266 2.6 125,7 29L,4 6.3 11.1 37412 2.5
Pt. Angeles Harbor 32.2 530,000 97.4 301.0 70.6 50.0 88.9 1,414,000 97.5
46.5 544,266 100.0 426.7 100.0 56.3 100.0 1,451,412.0 100.0
PDU§TRIAL PQJNT SQURCE. LQAiopi;
PUGET SOUND 305-A
OIL
REC. WATER FLOW MGD Ibs/day % Basin
St. of Georgia 3.41 73.88 •' 15.62
St. of Georgia 6.47 293.10 62.00
St. of Georgia 1.30 105.08 22.38
Basin Total 11.18 472.7 100.00
INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCE LOADING
PUGET SOUND 305*-A
BOl)^ NO-j - N T-Phos T - Solids
REC. WATER Ibs/day % Basin Ibs/day % Basin Ibs/day % Basin Ibs/day Z Basin
Port Townsend Bay 15,769.6 100% 7.53 100Z 42.21 100% 918,876.2 100Z
LO
ro
MD
-------
NORTH SOUND BASIN
DISCHARGER
Allied Chemical Corp.
Borasteln Seafoods
Boundary Fish Co.
Bumble Bee Seafoods
Dahl Fish Co.
Georgia Pacific Corp.
North Pacific Ocean Prod.
McRae Packing
Moore Clark
N.W. Fur Breeders Corp.
Oeser Cedar Co.
Huley- International Corp.
Samish .Fish Hatchery
Scott Paper Co.
Scott Paper Co.
Sea-K Fish Co. Inc.
Sea-Pac Co.
Shell Oil Refinery
i'exaco Oil Refinery
INDUSTRIAL POI^BURCE LOADING
PU' l^D 305-A
N-NOT T-Phos
REC. WATER
Padilla Bay
Bell. Bay
Drayton Harbor
Bell. Bay
Whatcom Wtrway
Whatcom Wtrway
Squalicum Wtrway
N.F. Samish R.
Guemes Channel
Guemes Channel
L. Squalicum River
Boll. Bay
Samish R.
Fidalgo Bay
Guemes Channel
Semiahmoo Bay
Drayton Harbor
Fidalgo Bay
Fidalgo Bay
Basin Total
FLOW MGD
.032
.15
.003
.33
.015
41.71
.14
.01
.50
.008
.032
.027
4.32
1.82
7.23
.0026
.006
2.02
2.88
61.28
Iba/day
*
*
.014
1.41
*
2,220.0
*
*
*
*
.01
*
16.56.
8.79
*
*
Si
166
180
968.68
Ibs/day
*
*
.017
95.5
*
283,200.0
*
*
*
2.4
.4
.0012
1.08
22.9
72.3
*
*
2.3
54.7
344.88
i
BOD5
Ibs/dav
. 0.26
800
10.27
10,600
800
100240
730
220.83
181,316.0
15.33
7.0
*
64.44
288.16
148,215.0
18
280
700
204
444631.4
T-<3nH<1a
Ibs/dav
2820.0
*
3.6
5307.0
*
523700
*
264.83
444,175.0
27.46
28.8
.72
-
487456.0
353065.0
*
*
30571.0
22,000.0
187,0141.6
NO-» Phos BOD
2 BASIN
* * _
* * _
_
2.35
* * _
85.62 99.79 22.25
* * _
*
* * 40.25
*
_
* _ • *
_
_
* - 32.90
* * _
* * _
6.4 -
6.9 -
98.92 99.79 97.95
T-Sol FBI
-
*
-
-
*
28.0
*
-
23.75
-
-
-
-
26.06
18.8
*
*
1.6
1.1
99.31
to
u>
o
-------
WHIDBEY BASIN
INDUSTRIAL fr ""^^•iCE LOADING
FLOW BOD<; N03 - N T-Phos PBI T-Sollds
DISCHARGER
Associated Sand & Gravel
Pidgeon Cr.
Everett Co. Sulfite Mill
Port Gardner
Jansha Tanning Co.
Ebey Slough
Scott Paper Co.
Port Gardner
Weyerhaeuser Sulfite Mill
Port Gardner
Weyerhaeuser Kraft Mill
MGD Ibs/dav Z Basin Ibs/day % Basin Ibs/day Z Basin Ibs/day Z Basin Ibs/day
.02 2.0 - .0008 .05 - * * 81.66
10.1 262,431.0 4.6 6.73 1.1 * * 11,758.0 - 1,019,005.0
4.0* * *** ** * 266,666.6
68.9 5,338,601.0 93.91 568.42 94.7 2641.16 98.09 1,210,745.2 30.5 49,378.3
36.90 79,335.0 1.3 24.60 4.10 51.35 1.90 27,37980.0 69.! 1,363,369.0
24.5 3879.16 - * * * **....... 2,471,845.0
Z Basin
^
19.70
5.5
-
26.3
47.8
Steamboat Slough
Basin Total 144.42 5,684,248.1 99.81 599.75 99.9 2,692.56 99.9 3,960,U83 99-7 5,170,345.5 98.95
uo
u>
-------
INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCE LOADING
PUGET SOUND 305-A
PUGET SOUND MAIN BASIN
DISCHARGER
American Smelting/Refining Co.
Certain Feed Products
Dickman Lumber Co.
Glacier Sand & Gravel Co.
Hibbord Stewart Co.
Hooker Chemical Corp.
Johnnys Seafoods
Kaiser Aluminum Corp.
Keyport Naval Torpedo Station
Main Fish Co.
Montesano Co .
Naval Torpedo Station
North Pac. Plywood Corp.
Pennwalt Corp.
Puget Sound Naval Shipyard
Reichold Chemical Corp.
Sound Refining Co.
St. Regis Paper Co.
REC. WATER
Commencement Bay
Sitcum Wtrway
Commencement Bay
Hylebos Wtrway
Blair Wtrway
Hylebos Wtrway
City Wtrway
Hylebos Wtrway
Liberty Bay
Elliot Bay
Duwamish Wtrway
Dyes Inlet
City Wtrway
Hylebos Wtrway
Sinclair Inlet
Blair Wtrway
Hylebos Wtrway
Commencement Bay
FLOW
MGTT
3.2
.084
.002
3.6002
.0009
.000017
.0013
1.32
.130
.02
.24
.075
.04
.012
*
*
.05
30,6?,
AVG. BODs
Ibs/day
18.0
5.8
0.71
.004
• 1.31
.0003
.010
( 37.0
*
37.6
100 '
3.31
*
18.3
31696.6
2080.0
9.0
94178.0
H03-H T-Phos
Ibs/day Ibs/day
13.5 8550.0
* .18
.003 .02
* *
* .0003
* .00003
.00001 .00003
0.42 8.96
.043 *
0.0 0.3
.05 .03
* ' *
1.33 5.06
.04 *
325.5 2344.5
* 2.51
.133 .229
691.65 3256.6
T-Solids Z Basin % Basic
Ibs/day BOD N-NO^
717,900.0 - 1.2
9,100.0 - *
8.9 - -
1,202,762.0 - *
* *
5.54 - *
* _ _
6785.0
* * _
91.7
323.7
* _ *
289.6 *
2670
1,328,210.0 25.0 31.3
4140 - *
106.1
565,578.6 74.30 66*54
i if jj_f£iri z Basln
'g-PftOB T-Solids
59.93 18.75
-
_ " — ••
* 31.42
*
-
_ *
. -
* *
-
...
* *
-
* _
16.43 34.69
-
-
22.82 14.77
Co
CO
ro
-------
INDUSTRIAL 1 ^^BbuRCE LOADING
PUGET b^^TO 305-A
PUGET SOUND MAIN BASIN
DISCHARGER
St. Regis Paper Co.
St. Regis Paper Co.
United Grain Corp.
U.S. Gypsuro Co.
U.S. Oil & Refining Co.
U.S. Oil & Refining Co.
REC WATER
Puyallup Wtrway
Sit cum Wtrway
Commencement Bay
Hylebos Wtrway
Blair Wtrway
Industrial Wtrway
R
FLOW
0.83
0.98
.003
.016
.08
.08
AVG. BOD5
554.6
16.3
23.4
0.6
35.5
44.26
Jbs/day
0 0.2
6.93 104.2
* *
.186 0.06
.22 .14
.4 3.52
— T-Sollds
305
*
82.8
60.08
220.0
8.6
r n,=^ 1 Basin % T-Phos Z Basils
^BOD N-N03 Basin T-Solifl
"*
- " * *
— — ™" —
— — •" ""
_ • ^ . .> .. --
BASIN TOTAL 1*0.206 12671»2.5
1039-98
lH.265.0 3,838,638.69973
97.8U 99T18 99.63
u>
U)
-------
POINT SOURCE LOADING
PUGET SOUND 305^
SOUTHERN PUGET SOUND BASIN
DISCHARGER
Cascade Pole Co.
ITT Rayonier Research Div.
Minter Cr. Fish Hatchery
Simpson Timber Co.
REC. WATER
Budd Inlet
Oakland Bay
Henderson Inlet
Oakland Bay
FLOW
MGD
.01
1865
.50
20.56
N03 - N T-Phos
Ibs/day Z Basin Ibs/day •'' % Ba9£n
0.08 - .116
3108.3 48.29 4507.0 21.1
1.91 - .125
3326.3 51.67 16,769.0 78.8
BOD5
IBs. day Z Basin
18.3
310833 52.97
7.58
275,882.0 47.01
T-Solids
Ibs/day Z Basin
25.2
3,419,166.0 78.94
* *
911,715.0 21.05
Basin Total
1886.07 6436.5 99.96 21,276.2 99.9
586,740.8 99.98 43,30906.2 99.99
Percent basin contribution based on available data
indicates insignificant basin contribution
* indicates no data available
Co
CO
-fc-
-------
335
INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL HEAVY METALS POINT SOURCE LOADING
-------
NORTH SOUND BASIN
PUGET SOUND 305-A
INDUSTRIAL AND MUNICIPAL HEAVY ME'fALS POINT SOURCE LOADING
Cu Hg
DISCHARGER
Allied Chemical Corp.
Georgia Pacific Corp.
Scoct Paper Co.
WHIDBEY BASIN
DISCHARGER
REC. WATER
Padllla Bay
Whatcora Wtrway
Guemes Channel
Basin Total
REC. WATER.
Ibs/day
.032
A
1.67
1.99
Cr
Ibs/
% Basin
1.60
A
98.40
100%
Cu
day Ibs/day
Ibs/day
.0004
2.5
0.17
2.6704
Nt
Tb~s7
7.
93
6.
99
day
K
Basin Ibs/day % Basin
* *
.61 676.0 99.92
36 0.54 - •
.97 676.54 99.92
Pb . . . Zn
lT)s/dny • • 'Ibsr/day
Mn
Ibs/day
A
28.0
16.62
44.62
Cr ' -Cu'
7, Basin
A
62.75
37.26
100*
.. . ' % Bafiin
Ni
Pb
Ibs/day
0.01
A
0.77
0.78
rn
7. Basin
1.29
A
98.71
100X
Zn
Everett Sulfite Mill
Jansha Tanning Co.
Scoct Paper Co.
Port Gardner
"Ebey Slough
Port Gardner
1.68 50.5 4.20 1.68
600
20.32 1102.4 131.59 71.82
Weyerhaeuser Sulfite Mill Port Gardner
144.52 36.9
67.65 49.2
Weyerhaeuser Kraft Mill Steamboat Slough 1.020 0.81 10.20 12,25
Basin Total
767.5
1190.6 213.64 134.95
8.41
A
420.29
36.90
20.41__
486.0
4.2 1.96 1.2 1.73
78.17 *
2.6 92.59 61.59 53.21 86.47
18.82 3.0 31.66 36.45 7.59
4.7 9.07 4.] 9
99.59 99.79 99.91 99.93 99.98
UJ
U)
o\
-------
Pb'Cl^SOUND MAIN I1ASIN
INDUSTRIAL
DISCHARGER
TU~ /J«,,
REC. WATER
American Smelting & Refining Commencement Bay
Certain Feed Products
Ilibbard Stewart Co.
Hooker Chemical Corp.
Keyport Naval Torpedo St.
Puget Sound Naval Shipyard
Puget Sound Naval Shipyard
St. Regis Paper Co.
St. Regis Paper Co.
St. Reglo Paper Co.
U.S. Oil L Refining Co.
MUNICIPAL
SEATTLE :
Alki Pt. STP
Cairkcek STP
Riclimond Beach STP
West Point STP
SOUTHERN PUCET SOUND BASIN
DISCHARGER
ITT Rayonier Research Div.
Simpson Timber Co.
Sitcum Wtrway
Blair W.trway
Hyleboa Wtrway
Liberty Bay
Sinclair Inlet
Liberty Bay
Commencement Bay
Puyallup Wtrway '
Sitcum Wtrway
Blair Wtrway
Basin Sub-Total
Puget Sound
Fuget Sound
Puget Sound
Puget Sound
Basin Total
Cr "
Bee. Water Ibs/dav
Oakland Bay 373.0
Oakland Bay
.342
Basin Total 373.342
Cd
.15
*
A
A
.119
r i 'fi ft i
•u J . U2
ft
A
A
.081
A
.355
0.1
.07
.09
4.9
59.26
Cu
Ibs/day
450.7
4.2
454.9
Cr Cu Pb
.056
.109
A
A
.86
480
7.91
.027
.408
.034
3.02 3.93
.056 *
.0003 .0003
.000016 .000016
.086 *
0,oe> 3 •#
IfS 71 IT/ g-
j\j . / x ?c^*npsr
480 1920
9.18 137.8
.037 *
.408 8.16
* .34
520.6 523. U 22UU.7
1.0 12.3 6.8
0.17
0.28
82.0
603.5
Ibs/day
1.4
0.2
1.6
2.5 0.1
3.2 1.0
73.2 89.0
614.76 2341.85
Pb
Ibs/day
373.0
10.6
383.6
W WXVO^-I ±J\SfU-s -L. it \J — I
Zn Cd Cr Cu Pb Zn
18.78 - - - 2.7
A _ _ A A
.015 A A _ _ _
A A A _ - A
A _ _ _ A A
O'OI~)
-&r4* 90.82 5.0 4.99 7.45 . 1.2
240 * 79.5 78.07 81.98 34.56
59.4 * 1.3 1.49 5.88 8.55
.797 A _ _ A _
4.08 -
.041 * - * - f
331-5 90.82 85.8 8U.55 95.31 UU.31
17.7 - 2.0 - 2.54
4.5 _____
4.2 . -
336.3 8.2 13.5 12.2 3.80 48.43
694.35 99.02 99.33 98.75 99.11 97.98
Zn 7. Basin Contribution
Ibs/day Cr Cu Hf> Pb Zn
528.4 99.9 99.9 87.5 97.27 97.78
12.1 - - 12.5 2.73 2.22 fl
540^5 99 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.0
-------
6.NON-PT. SOURCE INVENT
-------
338
At the present time there is insufficient data available
to asess the non-point source contribution in the Puget Sound
Basin.
-------
E. ANTICIPATED WATER
QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS
-------
IV. PROGRESS TOWARDS
WATER QUALITY GOALS
-------
A.LOAD REDUCTION TABLE
-------
B. WATER QUALITY TRENDS
FRESH WATER
-------
339
CEDAR - SAMMAMISH RIVER BASIN
-------
-------
14
T
Y
23-7-
SHIP O A A L MID CHANNEL
METRO STA 0514. RM t . 3a
MEAN VALUE. TRENDS ias3=»3
Wash. State Class A Standard
-I 1
H h
H 1 h
X
APR MAY JIJN JUL AUS SOP OCT NCV
MONTHS .
-------
Y
IS-T-
9 H I P C A f M_ MID C H A N N E L.
METRO STA JZJS14. Rn I . 3S
VALUE TRENDS ises«s 1
Wash. State Class A Standard
-I—\-
H h 1 1 f-
I
rt APR MAY Jl^J JUL AUC?
MONTHS
t
Grrr NOV DSC
X
ro
-------
Y
O
T
C
O
L
I
n
t!
fl
L
SHIP CA^'AL. MID CM AN HE I-
v
MEAN VALUE TRENDS iass«s i
METRO STA 0 S I 4- RM I . 3S
3213—
Wash. State Class AxStandard
FEB MAR APR MAY JLJM JU_ AUS SSP
MONTHS
CCT
DEC
X
UJ
uo
-------
13
c
Y
3 A MMAMIS' R ABOUT MOUTH
METRO STA 04-30 RM 17.1
MEAN VALUE: TRENDS i^^4-«4. ICBB
Wash. State Class A Standard
f h—H -f
H h
i—H—i x
FSS MAR APR MAY
JUL. AU3 SEP (XT NCV DEC
-P-
MONTHS
-------
N
O
N
O
3
M
Y
0.35 --
0.10 --
'T?H R ABOUT MOUTH
METRO STA 04-30 RM 17.1
MS.AN VALUE TRENDS iae4-=4. 1808
FEB r*AR
APR
mv JUN JUL
f-JONT^S
AUS
SEP
CCT
NOV
TJEC
U)
4="
\/l
-------
•p
H
o
3
T
ri
L
Y
0.13-r
0.12--
0.0B--
1.09--
IS' R ABOUT MOUTH
l
ME.TRO STA 04-30 RM 17.1
MEAN VALUE TRENDS 1964 M
LIMITING ALGAL-GROWTH CONCENTRATION
0.03--
MAY JU>3 JU_ ALO
MONTHS
-\ 1 1 1 x
OCT
NCV
DSC
LO
-t-
C7N
-------
DESCHUTES RIVER BASIN
-------
WRIA (14
NEAR RAINIER
' ' ft 't
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA @
SCALE 1:176.000
(T*rVTt MILCS
--..-I-
tiro-
DESCHUTES RIVER BASIN
u>
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OO
-------
DESCHUTES RIVER NEAR RAINIER
-------
DE9CHUTES RIVER AT RAINIER
MEAN VALUES u.s.o.s. DATA
733--
S03--
es0--
U)
Ul
o
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JU_ AUB
OCT NOV DEC
TIME
-------
T
E
n
p
E
G
«^
E
ET
D
£.
iS.0-1-
IS.0--
9.0--
e.0-t-
TREND3 - WATER TEMPERATURE:
SDE3CHUTES RIVER NEAR RAINIER
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
9/59 - 8/62
- 10/72
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JLM JUL AUS SOP OCT NCV DEC
-------
O
W
r>
u
o
T
I
V
I
T
V
M
I
C
R
O
n
H
o
ISEH-
110-t-
TREND9 - CONDUCTIVITY
BESCHUTES RIVER NEAR RAINIER
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
9/59 - 8/62
10/71 - 10/72
72H-
JAN FEB
1 1 1 1 1-
ro
MAY JUN JUL ALG SEP CX7T NOV ISC
-------
I
S
3
/*»\
fe^
L
V
O
X
Y
©
• §r
N
14-.
13.0--
11.0--
1*3.0- -
8-1
TRENDS - DISSOLVED OXYGEN
tJESCNUTES RIVER NEAR RAINIER
A STANDARD
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
9/59 - 8/62
- 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
U)
VJl
JAN FEB MAR APR HAY JUN JL1_ AtJS SEP CXTT
DEC
-------
3.0-r
S.I
7.1
7.0--
B.5-
TRENDS - PH
DESCHUTES RIVER NEAR RAINIER
V/AS?M - CLASS A STANDARD
JAN FEZ?
H 1 1 1 h
DOE/Ub^S DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
9/59 - 8/62
10/71 - 10/72
APR MAY JUN JUL AUS SEP ocr MOV BED
-------
0.3ZH-
TREND3 - TOTAL NITRATE.
DESCHUTES RIVER NEAR RAINIER
T
O
T
A
L
W
I
T
R
A
T
E.
M
G
M 0.12^-
DOE/USOo DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
9/59 - 8/62
At-GAL. BLOOfl POTSNTIAL.
JAN FEB MAR XPR MAY JUN JUL AU3 SEF OCT NO/ DEC
-------
I
s
3
H
O
P
H
O
!•"**
;zi
p
H
Q
R
U
M
Q
0.12-T-
TRENDS - DISS. ORTHO PHOSPHORUS
DESCHUTES RIV&R NEAR RA I N I E.R
0.04^4-
ALGAL BLOOM POTENTIAL
+—H f
DOE/USfao DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
9/59 - 8/62
10/71 - 10/72
FEB rv»R AT?? MAY
Jii_ ACJG? SSP ocr MOV nee
AJ1
CT\
-------
357
DESCHUTES RIVER NEAR OLYMPIA
-------
DESCHUTES RIVER AT RAINIER
MEAN VALUES U.S.Q.S. DATA
VI
F
L
O
W
c
F
S
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL~ ALO
car NOV DEC
TIME
-------
DOE /USv>o DATA
T
£
R
3
C
E.
N
T
21.0-1-
1S-0--
13.0--
12.0--
TRENDS - WATER TEMPERATURE
UESOHUTES RIVER NEAR OLYMPIA
WASH. CLASS A STANDARD
MONTHLY MEANS
- 11/67
1/68 - 1/72
H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FEB .MAR APR MAY JI*! JU_ AU3 SEP OCT NCV DEC
vo
-------
H
r»
u
c
T
4k
V
I
T
V
I
C
R
O
M
H
O
120-4-
1HZH-
3JZEH-
70--
TRE.ND9 - CONDUCTIVITV
OESCNUTE.S RIVER NEAR OLYMPIA
^—i—\—i—\—\—h—i—i
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
1/61* _ 11/67
1/68 - 1/72
cr\
o
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JLJN JTJL AU3 SEP OC?T NCSV DEC
-------
D
I
S
S
o
L
V
E
O
X
Y
G
E
N
M
1B.0-T
13.0- -
1S.0--
a.izr-
TRENDS - DISSOLVED OXYGEN
DESCHUTES RIVER NEAR OL
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
1/64 - 11/67
1/68 - 1/72
WASH. CLASS A STANDARD
1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 -
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT
DEC
U)
-------
•p
H
7.!
7.0-h
B.!
TRENDS - PH
DESOHUTES RIVER NEAR OUVnPIA
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
1/6U - 11/67
1/68 - 1/72
CLASS A STANDARD
1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1
JAN FEB t*1AR AHR MAY JTJN JUL AUS SEP OC7T NOV DEC
'ON
ro
-------
T
0
T
A
N
T
i
E
r-i
Q
./
*-v
L
N
O
1.1
I.
1.0- -
0.3
0.
TRENDS - TOTAL NITRATE.
DESCHUTES RIVER NEAR O
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
7/6U _ 8/67
10/67 - 9/70
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUW JUL AUS SEP QCT NOV DEC
'U)
cr\
U)
-------
R
U
E
n
102H-
70--
TREND3 - RESIDUE
DESOHUTES RIVER NEAR OLYHPIA
-I 1 1
JAN PEB
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
7/61* _ 3/67
10/67 - 9/70
APR MAY
•f 1 1 1 1 1
U)
JLft.
SEP OCT NCV
-------
365
DUWAMISH - GREEN RIVER BASIN
-------
VR1A
GREEN-DUWAMISH RIVER BASIN
ur «'
4-
,00
ON
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA
ITATU1I HILII
>,
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WRIA (39
1 KING COUNT»\
I
+ '
WRIA (38)
-------
DUWAMI3H RIVER AT TUCKWILLA
U.3.G.3. DATA MEAN VALUES
F
L
O
w
c
F
9
10321- -
H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUB SEP OCT NOV DEC
CO
ON
TIME
-------
T
E
n
p
D
E
Q
R
E
£
S
c
£
Y
20.0-r
TRENDS - WATER TEMPERATURE
DUWAMISH RIVER AT MOUTH
ie.0--
.0--
&.&--
DOE & METRO DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
7/66 - 6/69
7/69 - 6/72
1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1
1
X
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP QCT NOV DEC
Co
MONTHS
-------
T
O
T
A
L
H
O
S
P
H
O
R
U
3
H
V
D
f-i
L
P
Y
TRENDS - TOTAL. PHOSPHORUS
iSH RIVER AT MOUTH
0.S2J--
0.1S--
0. 10--
Algal Bloom Potential
1 1
DOE & METRO DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
7/66 - 6/68
X
JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN JLJ_ AUG SEP OGT NOV DEC
u>
MONTHS
-------
C
O
L
I
F
O
R
M
1
£5
0
M
L
TRENDS - TOTAL COLIFORM
DUWAMISH RIVER AT MOUTH
T
O
T
A ,..__,,
j_ 10ZE320-;:
JJ2S2S20- -
DOE & METRO DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
7/66 - 6/69
7/69 - 6/72
Y///////y///r//^
(10% - 2400)
W//Xr//////JKr^^^
Washington Class B Standard (median - 1000)
H 1
H 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AU3 SEP OCJT NOV DEC
MONTHS
U)
—?
O
-------
371
NISQUALLY RIVER BASIN
-------
WRIA (IS!
NISQUALLY .BIVER BASIN
ftN
1 font uwTs
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AT MCKEMTA
X.-—} t
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WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA (u
U)
'
-------
NISQUALLY RIVER AT MCKENNA
U.3.Q.3. DATA MEAN VALUES
F
L
o
w
c
F
S
21200- -
—I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL ALG SEP OCT NOV DEC
U)
->i
U)
TIME
-------
T
E
D
E
Q-
R
E
E:
s
C:
E
K
T
20.0-r-
18.0- -
1S.0--
14-.0--
1S.0--
8.0--
B.
TRENDS - WATER TEMPERATURE
HISQUALLV RIVER AT MCKENNA
WASH. CLASS A STANDARD
^—i—i—i—i
JAN FEB r»AR APR
H 1 f-
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
8/59 - 7/61*
J1.SM JTJL. AUS SEF OCT NCV DEC
-------
o
N
t>
U
c
T
I
V
I
T
Y
M
I
C
R
O
n
H
o
S0—T—
7S--
70--
es--
TRENDS - CONDUCTIVITY
NISQUALLY RIVER AT MCKENNA
DOE/UbGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
.8/59 - 7/61*
12/65 - 9/70
1 1 1 1
H 1 \-
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JTJN JU_ fUB SEP QCT NOV DEC
-------
U)
—1
o\
D
I
S
S
O
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
G
E
N
M
G
S
L
12--
11-
TRENDS - DISSOLVED OXYGEN
NISQUALLY RIVER AT MCKENNA
CLASS A STANDARD
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
tt/59 - 7/61*
\—i—i
^—i—i—i—i
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY .TUN JUL ASLJS SEP OCT NOV DEC
-------
a.0-1-
TRE.ND3 - PH
Y RIVER AT MCKENNA
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
8/59 -
12/65 - 9/70
H 7.:
7.0--
B.:
WASH. CLASS A STANDARD
H 1 h
H 1 1 1 1 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL ALX3 SEP ODT
DEC
U)
-~J
—q
-------
T
O
T
A
L
N
I
T
R
A
G?
N
0.80-1-
TRELNDS - TOTAL NITRATE.
NZSaUALLY RIVER AT MCKENNA
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
;,7/59 - 7/63-
10/63 - 9/67
U)
-4
00
J~AN
FHB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AU5 SEP OCT NOV DEC
-------
379
NOOKSACK RIVER BASIN
-------
F
L
O
W
c
F
S
44330--
NOOKSACK RIVER AT LYNDEN
U.9.Q.S. DATA MEAN VALUES
10/B1-4-/B4.SO
^—i—i—i—i—f—i
JAN FEB I-VSR APR
•i—i—i
JUN JUL AUS SEP OCT NOV DEC
TIME
-------
TRENDS - NOOKSACK RIVER @ FERNDALE (01A070)
V
T
e,
R
E.
E:
o
e.
N
DOE/USGS DA'irt
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 3/74:
'///////W///^//r/^^^
Washington Class A Standard (18.5)
FEB MAR
JTJN
SSP CCT NOV
^ x
\
-------
U)
OO
ro
TRENDS - NOOKSACK RIVER @ FERNDALE (OLA070)
T
U
R
I
T
V
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 3/74:
JUN JUL /SLJO
\ X
DEC
-------
c
o
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y
M
I
C
R
O
M
H
O
TRENDS - NOOKSACK RIVER @ FERNDALE (01AO70)
V
se*--
DOE/USGS. DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 3/74:
.TAN
FEB
MAR
A'PR
.TUN
-JLJL.
cxrr
MOV
DEC
X.
oo
(JO
-------
U)
00
TRENDS - NOOKSACK RIVER @ FERNDALE (01A070)
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
D
I
S
S
O
L
V
E
r>
o
X
Y
G
E
N
M
G
13.
S.I
.TAN F"EB
Washington Class A Standard (8.0)
^p^x^p^^x^
JUN JTJL.
SSP CX7T NOV
-------
TRENDS - NOOKSACK RIVER @ FERNDALE (01A070)
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
V
s.3.
*-*x#zzxvxtz&^^
&.S9-
•7.S-
7.0-
12/70 - 3/74:
s:
CD
09
H-
00
rt
O
D
01
CO
CO
CO
rt
0}
3
CL
to
• I
-'Zl%
-------
DOE/US&o DATA
U)
CD
ON
N
TRENDS - NOOKSACK RIVER @ FERNDALE (OLA070)
Algal Bloom Potential (.30
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 9/71
X
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUS SEP OCT NOV DEC
-------
I
s
o
R
T
H
O
P
H
O
S
P
H
O
R
U
S
n
G
L
P
TRENDS - NOOKSACK RIVER @ FERNDALE (01A070)
Y
0.0S-I-
0.04—-
0.03
0.02--
DOE/U^T^DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 2/74:
Algal Bloom Potential
JAN
FEB MAR APR
JTJN
JTJL ALJG SEP OCT
NOV
DEC
X
CO
CO
-------
TRENDS - NOOKSACK RIVER @ FERNDALE (0LAO70)
10000-1-
DOE/USG.
MONTHLY MEANS
6/68 - 3/71:
LO
CO
OO
T
O
T
A
L
C
O
L
I
F
O
R
M
4/71 - 3/74:
4y////M^//y////
L00--
f
/Wash. Class A Standard (med.-240)
I
0
0
M
L
10--
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JLJN JUL AUS SEP CX^T NOV DEC
-------
PUYALLUP RIVER BASIN
-------
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PUYALLUP RIVER BASIN
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA (10)
+ -•»
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O
W
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F
S
412120- -
PLJYALLUP RIVER AT PUYALLUP
U.3.O.S. DATA MEAN VALUES
10/B0-11/B2SQ Il/70-S/72=X
^—i—\-
i—i—i
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JTJL AU3 SEP CX7T NOV DEC
U)
TIME
-------
Y
TRENDS - WATER TEMPERATURE
PUYALLUP RIVER AT PUYAL-LUP
T
E
M
p
D
E
Q
R
£
E
C
E
N
T
12.0--
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/60 - 11/62
H/70 - 9/72
tjO
VO
ro
CLASS AA STANDARD (15-5)
JAN FEB riAR APR
1 1 1 1
MAY JUN JUL
MONTHS
AUS SEP OCT NOV DEC
X
-------
c
o
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y
n
i
c
R
O
M
H
O
Y
TRENDS - CONDUCTIVITY
PUYALt-UP RIVER AT PUYALLUP
20-4-
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/60 - 11/62
U-/70 - 9/72
I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I 1—I 1 1 x
JAN FEB MAR APR
JUN JTJL
MONTHS
ALJS SEP OdT NCV EEC
CO
*o
UJ
-------
o
L
V
E.
D
O
X
V
Q
E
N
M
Q
Y
TRE.NDS - DISSOLVED OXYGEN
FUYAL.LUT3 R I V E. R AT PUYAL.L.UP
12--
11--
10--
1 1 1
DOE/USGS
MONTHLY MEANS
10/60 - 11/62
11/70 - 9/72._
LO
vo
.e-
CLASS AA STANDARD
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUM JU_ AUS SEP OCT NO/ DEC
MONTHS
-i X
-------
p
H
Y
8.
S.0--
7.:
B.3-
CO
TRENDS - FH
FUYAL-LUF RIVER AT FUYAL.LUF
I — i — I — I — I
10/60 - 11/62
H/70 - 9/72
i — i — I — I — I x
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JDL AUS SEP OCT NOV DEC
MONTHS
U)
-------
u>
VO
T
O
T
A
L
N
I
T
R
A
T
E
M
G
N
TRENDS - TOTAL NITRATE.
PUYALL.UP RIVER AT PUYALLUP
LIMITING ALGAL GROWTH CONCENTRATIO
JAN FEB MAR APR MAV JI_W JTJL AUC3 SEP OCT NOV DEC
MONTHS
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/60 - 11/62
11/70 - 9/72
X
-------
397
SKAGIT RIVER BASIN
-------
H-
iir or
SKAGIT RIVER BASIN
U)
VQ
CO
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WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY AREA
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A
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F
L
O
W
c
F
S
3KAQIT RIVER AT MT • VERNON
U.S.G.S. DATAJ MEAN VALUES
B0/01-B1/12=O B3/01-S4./12aX B8/01-8S/
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 h
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUM JTJL AUQ SEP OCT NCV DEC
TIME
u>
vo
vo
-------
T
E
n
p
E
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
E
N
T
I
G
R
A
D
E
SKAGIT RIVER AT MT- VERNON
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18.0-r- 60/01-6L/L2=O 63/0 1-64-/1 2 = X 68/0 L-OS/1 L =A
CLASS A STANDARD
15.0--
o
o
1Z.0--
9.0--
B.0--
3.0--
H 1 1-
H 1 1 1 h 1-
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JTJN JUL ALJG
OCT NOV DEC
TIME
-------
SKAGIT RIVER AT MT. VERNON
MEAN DATA VALUES
3D
I
S
S
O
L
V
E
D
o
x
Y
S
E
N
n
L
13.0-r
a.0--
B.0--
3.0--
BS/01-69/1 L=
CLASS A STANDARD
JAN FtB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
T IME
-------
SK.AGIT RIVER AT PIT. VERNON
•R
H
S
T
A
N
D
A
R
D
U
N
I
T
S
8.03--
7.0Z3--
B.00—
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B0/0L-61/L2=O B3/01-B4./12=X BS/0 1 -S3/ 1 L =A
o
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JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JTJN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
T LME
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SK.AGIT RIVER AT MT - VERNON
MEAN DATA VALUES
0-150-T-
T
O
T
A
L
N
O
3
/
N
M
G
/
L
0-120--
0.030--
0.0Q0--
0.033--
-i h
1 h
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JIJN JLJL AUG SEP OCT NOV D£G
T IME
O
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UoH
SNOHOMISH RIVER BASIN
-------
1*05
SNOHOMISH RIVER BASIN
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F
L
O
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SNOHOMISH RIVER AT MONROE
U.S.S.S. DATA MEAN VALUES
10XBl-4.Xe4.ssO 12X70-4.X74.sX
- 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1 - 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JU_ ALG SEP OCT NOV DEC
TIME
-------
Y
S2U2H-
TRENDS - WATER T El-J-P ER A TU R E
s^8OHo^lI^H RIVER AT SNONOMIS
T
e
M
F
D
E.
T
&XfVZff^^
Washington Class A Standard (18.5)
IB.2J--
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 4/74:
+—H 1 1 h—H 1-
X
JAN FES MAR APR NAY Jl^J JUL AUS SEP DOT NOV/ DEC
-------
o
00
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
TRENDS - TURBIDITV
3NOHOMI3H RIVER AT 3NOHOMISM
10—
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 4/74:
JAN FES r-VSR APR MAY JUN JUL AU3 9EP OCT NOV/ DEC
) X
-------
DOE/USGS DATA
C
O
N
D
U
C
T
I
V
I
T
Y
M
I
C
R
O
fl
H
O
Y
TRENDS - CONDUCTIVITY
SNOMOMISH RIVER AT 3NOHOMIBH
S0--
20--
10--
H 1 1-
H 1 i 1 h f-
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 4/74:
JAN FES MAR APR MAY JLW JU_ AU3 SEP OCT K'DV DEC
^ x
O
MD
-------
H
O
P
I
9
3
O
l_
V
E
D
O
X
Y
3
E
N
M
3
Y
14-.
13.2J--
12.0-r
11.
125.25--
TRENDS - DISSOLVED OXYGEN
SNQHOMI3H RIVER AT 3NQHOMISH
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 4/74:
Washington Class A Standard (8.0)
X
JV*N FEB f^H APR MAY Jus .JT^_ AL>3 SEP QCT NC3V DEC .
-------
F
•H
i
TRENDS - PM
3NOHQMI3H RIVER AT SNOHOMI3H
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
s.
®'S-&ZZtff#ZZ^^
8.0--
7.
12/70 - 4/74:
m
CO
3-
n-
o
9
n
s-^r/////^/^////^/?/^^^^^
B.0- -
s.
H 1 1 1 1 1 1 h
JAN FEB MAR AR MAY JIM JIJL AUS
2T NOV DEC
OGT
-------
ro
T
O
T.
A
L
N
I
T
R
A
T
E
M
s
/
L
N
TRENDS - TOTAL NITRATE
Algal Bloom Potential
axf^^
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 11/73:
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AU3 SEP OCT NOV/ DEC
1 X
-------
DOE /USGS
D
I
D
a
s
•p
H
O
R
U
S
L
P
TRENDS - DISSOLVED ORTMO PHOSPHORUS
3NOHOMISH RIVT.R AT SNOHOMISW
Algal Bloom Potential
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 4/64:
12/70 - 2/74:
JAN
X
I-IAR AT?? MAY JUN JL1. AU3 SEP OCT MOV DSD
-p-
H
U)
-------
T
O
T
A
L
C
O
L
I
F
O
R
M
I
0
0
M
L
TRENDS - TOT A L COLIFORM
SNOHOMISM R I V £ R AT SNO
//^^
DOE /USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
4/68 - 2/71:
3/71 - 4/74:
(20% - 1000)
Washo Class A Standard (med. - 240)
JAN FE3
APR MAY JUH JUL AUS SEP OCT N'OV DEQ
-------
STILLAGIAMISH RIVER BASIN
-------
H
CTs
STILLIGUAMISH RIVER BASIN
7
NORTH FORK
f@RIVER MILE 31.2
NORTH FORK
@RIVERMILE 18
@RIVERMILE 9
NORTH FORK
RIVER MILE
NEAR SILVAKA
RIVER MILE
WATER RESOURCE INVENTORY ARBA
g RIVER MILE
-------
NF STILLAGUAMISH AT ARLINGTON
SF STILLAQUAMISH AT GRANITE FALLS
MEAN VALUES 10/81-3/B4-t=O 12/70-a/73=X
sexzss _ _
F
L
o
w
c
F
S
40321 —
JS TvS Jll JLL ALB SGP OCT hO/
COMBINED FLOW FOR NF -I- SF ST I LL AGU AM I SH
-------
T
E
M
P
D
E
G
R
E
E
S
N
T
TRENDS - STILLAGUAMISH RIVER nr SILVANA (05A070)
Y
S4..0-T
20.0
^/////////////r///////^^
Washington Class A Standard (18.5)
1B.0--
12.0--
8.0—
4-.IZJ—
DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 3/64:
12/70 - 3/74:
M
oc
X
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
-------
TRENDS - STILLAGUAMISH RIVER nr SILVANA (05A070)
T
U
R
B
I
D
I
T
Y
K
S
N
jr
T
U
MONTHLY MEANS
11/61 - 3/64:
12/70 - 3/74:
JAN FEB MSR APR MAY JTJN JUL AUS SEP OCT MOV DEC
X
-------
DOE/USGS DATA
c
o
N
D
U
C
T
I
v
I
T
Y
U
M
H
O
TRENDS - STILLAGUAMISH RIVER nr SILVANA (05A070)
Y
12EH-
60--
40--
20--
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 3/64:
12/70 - 3/74:
X
JTAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUC3 SEP OCT NQV DEC
-------
TRENDS - STILLAGUAMISH RIVER nr SILVANA (05A070)
Y
14-.0-T
13.fi>--
12.0--
M
G
11.0--
10.0--
a.0--
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 3/64:
12/70 - 3/74:
Washington Class A Standard (8.0)
y/r//sW/////^/////W^///&^//^^
T T 1 T 1 \-\-\\ \
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUS SEP OCT
I I
NOV DEC
ro
H
-------
P
H
S
u
TRENDS - STILLAGUAMISH RIVER nr SILVANA (05A070)
Y
9.0-1-
^r/r/r//r//y/y////////////^^^
8.0—
7.:
7.0--
DOE/bad^^ATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 3/64:
12/70 - 3/74:
ro
03
CO
00
rt
O
D
n
h-«
01
CO
CO
CO
rt
03
3
CL
01
Zr-fiZtftZZtXZZ^^
B.0--
s.:
JAN FEE MAR APR riAY JUN JUL ALO SEP OCT NOV DEC
X
-------
Y
0.70-r
0.G0--
0.S0--
0.10—
TRENDS - STILLAGUAMISH RIVER nr SILVANA (05A070)
Algal Bloom Potential
DOE/USGS DATA
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 3/64:
12/70 - H/73:
\ Aigai ±5loom rouenciai i i /
J"AN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUS SEP OCT NOV DEC
X
-------
ro
DOE/USGS DATA
P
H
O
S
D
I
S
O
R
T
H
O
M
G
L
P
TRENDS - STILLAGUAMISH RIVER nr SILVANA (05A070)
MONTHLY MEANS
10/61 - 3/64:
12/70 - 2/74:
'//^////MW///M&9&&
Algal Bloom Potential
TAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUQ SEP OCT NOV DEC
X
-------
T
O
T
C
O
L
I
1
0
0
TRENDS - STILLAGUAMISH^TCR nr SILVANA (05A070)
103--
10--
DOE/USGS
!• ' .T.'S
MONTHLY MEANS
4/68 - 3/71:
4/71 - 3/74:
*\
tzxzazvzv^^
Washington Class A Standard (20% - 1000)
JAN FEB HAR APR MAY JUM JUL AUQ SEP OCT MOV DEC
-------
C. WATER QUALITY TRENDS
MARINE WATERS
-------
c „ -
426
STRAIT OF .JUAN DE F
U C A
CITY OF
PORT ANGELES
GREEN
I 1/2 0
Noulicol Milts
-------
T
£
M
P
&
R
A
T
U
R
E,
C
E.
tt
T
I
G
R
A
D
E.
12.0-r
PORT ANQE.LE.S HARBOR AT RAVONIER PIER
DOE, STATION PAH007 — 00-33 FT. MEAN VALUES
680223- 700S 1B=X 730813-74-0717=0
8.0- -
e.0- -
3.0--
I—I—I—I—I—h
1 1 1
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUB
OCT NOV DEC
TIME,
-------
12.0-r
FORT ANOELES HARBOR AT RAYON IER PIER
DOE STATION FAH007 00-33 FT. MEAN VALUES
BS0223-700Sie=X 7308 13- 7 4.07 17=O
D
I
3
3
O
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
Q
E
N
M
G
8.0--
e.0--
3.0--
—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I—I
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL ALO SEP DOT MOV DEO
TIME
OO
-------
N>
VO
44300-1-
FORT AN GEL ELS HARBOR AT RAYON IER PIER
DOE STATION FAH007 -- 00-33 FT. MEAN VALUES
BS0223-700eie«X 730ei3-74.07l7«O
W
L
P
B
I
n
Q
20ZI9- -
10J2O- -
JAN FEB
APR MAV JTJN JUL
SEP OCT MOV DEC
TIME
-------
430
NORTH SOUND BASIN
-------
431
.-. • ' BELLINGHAM
S A M I 5 H
BAY
-------
- - r E. A 1- :: A T A VA'_-1S
STATION onanoe 72 IOOI-T a i?.a i " o
STATION BLLT99 9 a 1 1 0 «.- O3B7 O9 » X
432
H 1 h
H h
vN FES r»R APR ntf JUN JU_ AUB rO3 CT
BCLLINOHAM BAV TRENDS Z3-Z3 FT.
STATION OMznas 72toai-73teoi • o
STATION BUL73S 3Jt I 3*-C5B7^O = X
„, —£—IT—r T;—-
BCLLIN3MAH BAV THEHDS Z=-'J
STATION CMen0e 72 I 001 - 731£3 I
STATION BLL733 SO 1 1 0 4-- O3 a 7 08
• O
• X
H 4-
»HAM BAV TRENDS.' SB-IBB
-------
433
- - - - r. .C A :* r /< T A V A L L' C £*----
L9-T- 9TATIOH BLL79S Sail04.-B30708 - X
O
I
9
9
O
L.
V
t.
D
O
X
V
o
c
f
Class A Std.
JAN FIB nMl APR rV,V AM JUL A1J9 SEP ' COT NCV
BELLI NOW AT. BAY TRE.ND3 CJ-2J FT.
----n£AN TATA V
STATION Chsnae T B i va i - 7 a i ea i <• o
STATION SLL7S3 r 3 I I 3 «.-eO Z 7 3a « X
D
t
S
S
O
L
V
c
p
o
X
V
3
JAN FTB n«« APR mv JUN JU. ALO -ij> Q3T
9TAT: = N O L L 7 9 S 9O 1 V 3 » - art 3 7 CO • X
OtLLlNOHAM
-------
HC.AN DATA VALUC9----
STATION 2 N £ r. ^ a 701201-731231 •• O
STATION BLL733 S B 1 I O 4.- (J3 O 7 00 - X
A 34
< F=i- fV.R AW? rAV JUN ---!- ALT? ?ty OOT
BCLLINBHAn OAV TRE.ND9 O0-ZS FT.
----BEAN DATA VALUES----
STATION CMS1-IO2 721^31-731251 • J
STATION BLL7i: s s i : f 4.- ea j 7 j a • x
STATION CH£n2)Z 721001-731231 • O
STATION DLL 7 3 3 3Oll04.-e3070Q « X
TREND3 3O-IBO fT.
-------
nEAN CATA
ffTATi^o DMani1!: ?2im-T9i£3 i « o
9TAT13N Bt-L79S 3BllC4.-e3.J-aa • X
a
u
L
n
3
• y
L
B 103+
I
JAN Fi3S TAR A*K TAV .->-ti JUL AUO CO" O
BCULINDHAM BAV TKCNDB 00-ZB FT.
----HtAN DATA VALUtS----
BTATtCN CI.Lr.^S 7 :. iSJ 1 - 73 I •_ 3 I • O
STATION BLL799 9a 1 10»-O3O70O - X
- — -nCAN DATA
8TATION ChSrSZ 7CIZ^l-731C3I - O
STATION BUL7S3 5 a I I J *. - OOP 1 O U • X
\
BCULtNOMAn BAV TKtNCS 50-1BB FT.
-------
436
NOOKSACK ff
^<: BELLINGHAM
SOUTH BELLINGHAM
EL LINGHAM
»
BAY
S A U I S H
BAY
-------
20.0-r
T
E
M
P
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
E
N
T
I
G
R
A
D
E
12.0--
8.0--
BELUNQHAM DAY AT SOUTH WHATCOM
DOE STATION BLL003 00-33 FT. MEAN VAUES
x 730e0s-74-0707=0
^ — i — i — i — i — i
JAN FEB
i — i
APR M«\Y JUM JTJL AUO
ODT NOV DEC
TinE
-------
f
3
O
L
V
E
I)
O
X
V
GS
E
10.0-r
BEUINGHAM BAY AT SOUTH WHATCOM WATERWAY
DOE STATION BL.L003 -- 00-33 FT. MEAN VAUE.S
x 730303-74.0707^0
8.0--
e.0--
H 1 1 1
JAN FEB r-V\R APR
JUN JU_ AUQ SEP GOT NOV DEC
00
TIME
-------
s
w
u
p
B
r
M
I
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ie00.0-h
1200.0+
•0-h
400.0-H
0&UXNQHAM DAY AT SOUTH WHATCOM WAT&RWAV
T3OE. STATION BLL003 -- 00-33 FT. M&AN VAUE.3
x 730808-74-0707^0
JAN F6B
-------
WHLDBEY BASIN
-------
441 /
DECEPTION }•"'
PASS
f.--
NEW
DUNG£.\'E5S
.TTOy/NScNO
POSSESSION SOUND TO
DECEPTION PASS
ATTLE
Location of longitudinal profiles used to
present the data from the study area.
-------
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VO H*
^3 ft
O u
CO
(I)
p
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SmncL Passage Bay Island 51
-2a5-^v>
22.0 21.0 20.0
20 23.0 .
0.60
<0.64
OXYGEN
(mg.al/l)
2-5 MARCH 1971
-------
443
MS:
ft
fl>
•a-o
4 m
M (D
VOM
09
a
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TEMPERATURE
CO
23.0
-50
-100 •
-ISO
-200'
-250
0.55-0.80
14-16 APRIL 1970
OXYGEN
(mg.ot/l)
OXYGEN
(mq.otyi)
13-16 APRIL 1971
-------
ros
,cr>P
.sr
oo-a
M CT
VDH-
W
O
ct
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G
O
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Possession Saratoga i^yif" Xkft
10.0
-50
TEMPERATURE
-150
21.0
0.70
OXYGEN
(mg.ot/l)
05C
26-28 MAY 1971
-------
. Possession
SountL
13.0
£anafap
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14.0 14.0
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14.0 120- '
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446
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Possessifm Sar,»faja -iateytf JdKft -jj
Sound. Jbsscye Bay Island, ^j.
14.015.0 I&O 14.0 14.0 13.0 W 11.0
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SfOyit 3vi/C
P
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ct
ct
O
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O
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CO
Possession. Sarahyi istoyit Wfc-f .5
Sm.nj
-------
TEMPERATURE
CO
SouniL
29.0
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DENSITY
os Of
I
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0.40 -Q92
14-16 AUGUST 1970
OXYGEN
(mg.ol/l)
-------
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0.45 0.45 asp Q.3Q 035
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- 0.33 0.35 .
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-150
-200
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OXYGEN
(mg.at/l)
6-8 OCTOBER 1970
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12.0
possession. Sarahya b(
-------
/
MILES
48° 20'
'it River Estuary
Stillaguamish River
POSSESSION SOUND STATION LOCATION CHART
-------
UNXVVA3M MEAN VALUES 00-ZS FT.
PLOTTED CMARAOTER9---
33-3*-O 37-e2=X ea-7*»A
UNIVUASH MEAN VALUES 00-ZS FT-
PLOTTED CHARACTERS-—•
33-3*"O 37-B2"X 88-74." A
T
£
n
p
E
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
E
N
T
1
O
R
A
D
C
e e
ON possession SOUND
UNIVUASM MEAN VALUES 2JZI-Z5 FT.
--- PLOTTED CHARACTERS ---
S3-3*=O S7-B2=X SS-71BA
0.30,-p
D
I
3
9
•o
L
V
E
D
O
X
Y
a
n
a
p
H
O
S
o
R
U
e- -
3 o.ia.
e- ••
Standard
o
R
T
H
O
0.12-
•n
o
0.06
UNIVUASH MEAN VALUES 00-23 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
33-3*00 37-eaox ea-7»»A
a » e e
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
12
* e a
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
Ln
O
-------
ia-r
T
e
n
p
E
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
E
N
T
I
a
R
A
D
E
UNIVWASH MEAN VALUES 29-90 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
S3-3«-°O S7-B2=X B8-7l=A
ae-r
p
p
T
H
Z4~ -
UNIVWA9H MEAN VALUES 29-90 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
33-3*oO S7-B21X eS-7«°A
I**
* a a 10
nILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
UNIVUASH I-IEAN VALUES 2S-S0 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
13 T
D
I
9
O
L
V
E
O
X
V
a
E
N
n
a
/
L
0.30T
UNIVUASH MEAN VALUES 23-30 FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
S3-3*=O 37-S2=X Ba-74.=A
S3-3*=0 37-ee=X B9-710A —
p
H
o
9
H 0.2ij
0
R
U
s
D
Standard ^*1~"^--A o
0.12
n
o
s
L
i" i i L L
L^~
1 1 1 1 1 1
Z * S a 10 12
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
-------
UNIVWASH MEAN VALUES 30-7S FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS—
UNIVUASH MEAN VALUES 30-7S FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
13-
T
e
E
R
A
T
U
R a-
E
C
E e-
N
T
I
a
R
A 3.
D
E
33-34.-O S7-B2-X O9-71-A
3O-
~^*^^*** ^ 28-
-^^*"^~^ ^^S^ • .: ^
tf"^ ^S^. ^kr-^ I
" ^-^" : — -s=:: X~^^~~~-~k " 30
Y
Bt-
P
P
T
If
22-
20.
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1
! I I ! i I I I I I A I
S3-S*«O S7-e2=X B8-71-A
^~-+-~. _
. -^~~~~~~"^ _ ^ ^ "" fi C
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 4. a a 10 12
23 4. S B
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
11
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
D
I
S
3
O
L
V
E
D
O
X
V
o
E
N
n
a
s
L
3- •
UNIVUA3H DEAN VALUES S0-7S FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
S3-34.-O 37-BZ-X eO-71»A
0.30
H
O
3
S0.2U
R
U
S
Standard
H \ 1 1 h
3 <• s e 7 a a
MILES ON P33SE3SION SOUND
H 1 1 1
UNIVUASM MEAN VALUES 50-7S FT.
PLOTTED CHARACTER3---
S3-S*=O S7-BS=X B8-71-A
2 » B b
MILES ON POSSESS:?!' F:.UHD
.p-
Ul
to
-------
UnlVUASM MEAN VALUES T5-IOO FT.
PCOTTED CHARACTERS---
S3-3+«O 37-S2-X BB-7l<>A
ae-r
T
e
n
p
E
R
A
T
U
R
E
C
e.
H
T
I
a
R
A
D
E
9
A
L
I
N
X
T
V
P
P
T
M
SB- -
UNXVWA9H MEAN VALUES 1S-IOO *
--- PLOTTED CHARACTERS™ -
S3-s*=o S7-ea=x ea-7i»A
[LP
z *• e 8
MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
nlLES ON POSSESSION SOUND
UNIVUASH MEAN VALUt-a 'Ji-lfo^
PLOTTED CHARACTERS
53-3*=o 37-ea=x ea-7i««A
0.3Q
D
I
3
3
O
L
V
E
V
O
X
V
.O
E
N
n
e
12- -
p
H
O
3
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MILES ON POSSESSION SOUND
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-------
MAIN PUGET SOUND BASIN TRENDS
-------
455
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METRO DATA MEAN VALUES 0-2S FT.
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D. TEMP.,D.O.,PHOSPHUKuo
TRENDS IN PUGET SOUND
-------
461
TEMPERATURE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND PHOSPHORUS
TRENDS IN PUGET SOUND
-------
462
TEMPERATURE, DISSOLVED OXYGEN AND PHOSPHOROUS
TRENDS IN PUGET SOUND
I. INTRODUCTION
For systems with adequate data, mass balance methods are useful for
determining many of the large - scale features. In Puget Sound, temperature,
dissolved oxygen and orthophosphate measurements have been made sintE 1932.
(Collias 1970). There are numerous gaps in the data, in the sense of both
time and space. There is sufficient data available, however, to perform
gross balances and examine basic trends in water quality.
This report analyzes the data from key stations in Puget Sound. Where
possible, the contributions to temperature, dissolved oxygen and inorganic
phosphorous from major sources have been estimated. These sources include
riverdischarge; industrial and municipal discharge; and the transport between
various sub-regions of Puget Sound and the Straits of Juan de Fuca.
Monthly averaged storage terms for each constituent were estimated for the
upper layer (0-15 meters) and the lower layer (15-175 meters) in each of the sub-
regions. The storage terms have been converted to average concentrations
so that water quality trends can be analyzed.
The above analyses have been' performed for the following four oceanographic
sub-regions in Puget Sound:
1. Central Puget Sound (Main Basin)
2. South Puget Sound
3. Hood Canal
4. Whidbey Basin
Figure 1. shows the boundaries of the various sub-regions.
-------
CENTRAL PUGET SOUND
(MAIN BASIN)
PUGET SOUND BASIN
FIGURE 1: Puget Sound Subregions
-------
464
II. METHODS
Temperature, dissolved oxygen and inorganic phosphorous data collected
by the University of Washington (Collia: (1970)) were used to estimate
monthly storage terms, monthly average concentrations and inter-basin mass
transport. Hydrographic stations and the period of record used for the
analysis are shown in Table I.
The data from all stations in each sub-region were grouped within the following
depth ranges: 0-15 meters, 15-25 meters, 25-40 meters, 40-62.5 meters,
62.5-87.5 meters, 87.5-125 meters and 125-175 meters. The data from each
depth range was then averaged by month. Monthly storage terms for each
layer were estimated from the product of the monthly average concentration
in each depth range and the volume associated with the depth range.
Summing all the storage terms in the top layer (0-15 meters) and the bottom
layer (15-75 meters) and dividing by the respective volumes provided an
estimate of the monthly average concentration of each constituent analyzed.
Volumes were determined"frbnTthe"work of McClellan (1954).
Estimates of dissolved oxygen and total phosphorous transport from
rivers in Puget Sound were obtained from water quality data in the STORET
system and U.S. Geological Survey river gaging data.
Total phosphorous and carbonaceous biological oxygen demand (BOD)
transport were also determined for municipal and industrial sources. Waste
inventories compiled from EPA monitoring programs and discharge permits
comprised the data base.
Estimates of inter-basin transport for the top layer (0-15 meters)
|pnd the bottom layer (15-175 meters) were obtained form the work of
Friebertabauser and Duxbury (1972). These transports were used to estimate
mass flow rates. Net mass flow rates were computed for South Puget Sound,
-------
.465
Hood Canal and the Whidbey Basin. Inter-basin transport for Central Puget
Sound were not estimated by Friebertshauser and Duxbury (1972). Net mass
flow,A(QT), was estimated from; /^(QT) = Qin Tin - Qouz Tout
where >
Qin = the average flux of inflowing water (Table 5 in Friebertshauser
Duxbury (1972))
Tin = the volume averaged concentration in the bottom layer of the
adjacent sub-region,
Qout = the average flux of outflowing water (Table 5 in Friebertshauser and
Duxbury (1972)),
Tout.= the volume averaged concentration in the top layer of the sub-region
under consideration.
It is important to point out that data used to estimated the contributions
from these sources consist of only a very few samples. Friebertshauser and
Dux.bury (1972) estimate that their transport calculations may be accurate to +30%.
The resulting mass flow rates can, therefore, be considered only as.order-of
magnitude approximations, and should be treated as such.
III. RESULTS
Monthly averaged temperatures^ dissolved oxygen and orthophosphate in the
top and bottom layers of each sub-region are shown in Figures 2 through 25.
Linear relationships, estimated in the least squares sense for each of these
plots are given in Table 2.
The net inter-basin mass transports for each constituent are given in Tables
3 through 5.
BOD and total phosphorous from industrial and municipal sources in each sub-
region are shown in Tables 6 and 7.
-------
466
Estimated of net monthly dissolved oxygen and total phosphorous for rivers in
Puget Sound are given in Tables 8 and 9.
-------
467
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Collias, E.E. 1970. Index to physical and chemical oceanographic data of
Puget Sound and its approaches, 1932-1966. Special report No. 43.
University of Washington Department of Oceanography.
Friebertshauser, M.A. and A.C. Duxbury. 1972. A water budget study of
Puget Sound and its sub-regions. Limnology and Oceanography.
17:237-247.
-------
468
Figure 2. Monthly averaged temperature for the upper layer of South Puget
Sound
Figure 3. Monthly averaged dissolved oxygen for the upper layer of South
Puget Sound
Figure 4. Monthly averaged orthophosphate for the upper layer of South Puget
Sound
Figure 5. Monthly averaged temperature for the lower layer of South Puget
Sound
Figure 6. Monthly averaged dissolved oxygen for the lower layer of South
Puget Sound
Figure 7. Monthly averaged orthophosphate for the lower layer of South Puget
Sound
Figure 8, Monthly averaged temperature for the upper layer of Central Puget
Sound
Figure 9. Monthly averaged dissolved oxygen for the upper layer of Central Puget
Sound
Figure 10. Monthly averaged orthophosphate for the upper layer of Central Puget
Sound
Figure 11. Monthly averaged temperature for the lower layer of Central Puget
Sound
Figure 12. Monthly averaged issolved oxygen for the lower layer of Central Puget
Sound
Figure 13. Monthly averaged orthosphate for the lower layer of Central Puget
Sound
Figure 14. Monthly averaged .temperature for the upper layer of Hood Canal
-------
469
Figure 15. Monthly averaged dissolved oxygen for the upper layer of Hood Canal
Figure 16. Monthly averaged orthophosphate for the upper layer of Hood Canal
Figure 17. Monthly averaged temperature for the lower layer of Hood Canal
Figure 19. Monthly averaged orthophosphate for the lower layer of Hood Canal
Figure 20. Monthly averaged temperature for the upper layer of Whidbey Basin
Figure 21. Monthly averaged dissolved oxygen for the upper layer of Whidbey Basin
Figure 22. Monthly averaged orthophosphate for the upper layer of Whidbey Basin
Figure 23. Monthly averaged temperature for the lower layer of Whidbey Basin
Figure 24. Monthly averaged dissolved oxygen for the lower layer of Whidbey
Basin
Figure 25. Monthly averaged orthophosphate for the lower layer of Whidbey Basin
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.STATION NO. *
PSB 301
PSB 305
PSB 318
PSB 320
PSB 322
NRR 403
NSQ 405
NSQ 406
NSQ 407
CRR 419
CSE 433
TOT 474
HCE 501
HCE 510
DAB 524
HCB 544
PSS 601
SUZ 607
SAR 611
SAR 614
SKG 619
PERIOD OF RECORD
1951-1971
1951-1972
1951-1972
1951-1971
1950-1971
1950-1962
1950-1962
1950-1962
1951-1967
1950-1967
1950-1962
1957-1960
1952-1968
1952-1968
1950-1966
1952-1967
1952-1971
1952-1970
195P-1971
1952-1971
1952-1971
TABLE 1. List of stations and associated period of record used to
determine water quality trends in Puget Sound. *Station numbers
correspond to those given by Collias (1970).
-------
Temperature
Dissolved Oxygen
Orthophosphate
'Upper Layer
Lower Layer
Upper Layer
Lower Layer
Upper Layer
Lower Layer
SOUTH PUGET SOUND
T=-75.244.352*10~2t
T=-53.3+3.198*10~2t
C=50.9-2.179*10~2t
C=66.5-3.009*10-2t
P=-0.31+1953*10~4t
P=0.10-1.454*10-4t
CENTRAL PUGET SOUND
T=-75.2+4.352*10~2t
T=-53.3+3.198*10~2t
C=5.4+1.515*10~3t
C=13.2-3.011*10~3t
, P=1.08-5.202*10~4t
P=0.64-2.920*10"4t
HOOD CANAL
T— 103 . 6+5 . 834*10~2t
T=-103.2+5.753*10~2t
C=57.9-2.555*10~2t
C=87.0-4.167*10-2t
P=3.22+1.680*10~3t
P=-0.99+5.509*10~4t
WHIDBEY BASIN
T=-31.1+2.080*10~2t
T=-18.5+1.417*10-2t
C=64.4-2.878*10~2t
C=58.2-2.669*10"2t
P=1.53-7.494*10-4t
P=0.61-2712*10"4t
TABLE 2. Linear relationships for temperature, dissolved oxygen and Orthophosphate in sub-regions of Puget Sounds. Relationships determined
from least squares fit of monthly averaged data spanning the period 1950-1971.
-O
-------
1*96
SOUTH PUGET HOOD CANAL
SOUND
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
-32
-119
-97
-94
-30
-582
-469
-405
-368
-482
-238
-294
-153
-149
-155
-372
-91
-219
-398
-374
-366
-250
-
-343
WHIDBEY BASIN
-85
-338
-624
-1067
-1525
-2949
-2120
-844
-509
-660
-551
-2
TABLE 3. Net monthly advected heat flow for sub-regions of Puget
Sound (109 Real/day)
-------
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
SOUTH PUGET
SOUND
-658
-240
-421
-503
-285
-506
-361
-552
-245
-361
-151
-349
HOOD CANAL
-169
-222
-220
-358
-91
-166
-374
-262
-243
-159
-
-127
WHIDBEY BASIN
-1345
-1262
-670
-1877
-1479
-2712
-1584
-506
-59.
-175
-779
-1705
TABLE 4. Net Monthly advected dissolved oxygen for sub-regions of
Puget Sound 10J £g/day)
-------
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
SOUTH PUGET
SOUND
-6080
-2050
-5060
-560
1540
1430
1920
1180
-320
-2860
-1720
-5050
HOOD CANAL
-1530
110
-620
2990
70
460
2450
1380
450
-1160
-
-3620
WHIDBEY BASIN
-6920
-3240
-5720
9740
5560
12590
10790
3390
-1390
-6810
-7580
-7990
TABLE 5, Net monthly advected ortho-phosphate for sub-regions of
Puget Sound (kg/day)
-------
SOUTH PUGET CENTRAL PUGET HOOD CANAL WHIDBEY BASIN
SOUND SOUND
Municipal _17.9 98.2 - 1.5
Discharge
Industrial 271.6 50.8 - 2578.4
Discharge
TABLE 6. Annual average discharge of carbonoceous biological oxygen demand (five
day) from municipal and industrial sources to sub-regions of Puget
Sound (103 Kg/day)
-------
500
SOUTH PUGET CENTRAL PUGET HOOD CANAL WHIDBEY BASIN
SOUND SOUND
Municipal
Discharge 178 6139 - 230
Industrial
Discharge 9651 6505 - 1451
TABLE ?• Annual average discharge of total phosphorous from Municipal and
Industrial sources to sub-regions of Puget sound (Kg/day)
-------
501
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
SOUTH PUGET
SOUND
114
91
78
54
32
34
21
23
21
36
46
71
CENTRAL PUGET
SOUND
249
229
146
136
139
123
81
55
. 51
72
95
201
HOOD CANAL
150
123
104
65
52
62
31
17
26
75
109
160
WHIDBEY BASIN
1234
1054
813
797
1002
1257
758
385
353
651
872
1187
TABLE 8. Net monthly dissolved oxygen from river discharge for sub-regions of
Puget Sound (103 Kg/day)
-------
502
SOUTH PUGET
SOUND
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
365
146
124
144
62
88
40
42
86
145
186
284
CENTRAL PUGET
SOUND
3461
3328
2660
3467
2562
6244
3278
2556
4511
4858
2013
2766
HOOD CANAL
230
189
508
318
134
158
0
0
23
65
85
125
WHIDBEY BASIN
6747
5950
4483
1306
1713
3279
4289
8307
659
355
97.7
2515
TABLE 9. Net Monthly total phosphorous from river discharge for sub-regions of
Puget Sound (kg/day)>
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