EPA-460/3-7S-010
                          DURABILITY
                       OF ADVANCED
                EMISSION CONTROLS
          FOR  HEAVY DUTY  DIESEL
  AND GASOLINE FUELED ENGINES
     I .S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
         Office of Air and Water Programs
     Office of Mobile Source Air Pollution Control
        Emission Control Technology Division
           Ann Arbor, Michigan  18105

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                                          EPA-460/3-73-010
                 DURABILITY
OF ADVANCED  EMISSION CONTROLS
       FOR HEAVY DUTY DIESEL
  AND GASOLINE FUELED ENGINES
                     Prepared by

             Dr. R. D. Fleming and T. R. French

              Fuels Combustion Research Group
             Bartlesville Energy Research Center
                    Bureau of Mines
                  Bartlesville, Oklahoma


           Interagency Agreement No. EPA-IAG~082(D)


                  EPA Project Officers:

           John J. McFadden and Dr. J. L. Bascunana


                     Prepared for

          U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
              Office of Air and Water Programs
          Office of Mobile Source Air Pollution Control
             Emission  Control Technology Division
                Ann  Arbor, Michigan 48105

                     September 1973

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This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to
report technical data of interest to a limited number of readers.
Copies are available free of charge to Federal employees, current
contractors and grantees, and nonprofit organizations - as supplies
permit - from the Air Pollution Technical Information Center,
Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
27711, or from the National Technical Information Service, 5285
Port Roual Road, Springfield, Virginia  22151.
This report was furnished to the Environmental Protection Agency by
the Bartlesville Energy Research Center, Bartlesville, Oklahoma in ful-
fillment of Interagency Agreement No. EPA-IAG-082(D).  The contents of this
report are reproduced herein as received from the Bartlesville Energy Research
Center.  The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed are those
of the author and not necessarily those of the Environmental  Protection
Agency.  Mention of company or product names is not to be considered as
an endorsement by the Environmental Protection Agency.
                   Publication  No.  EPA-460/3-73-010

                                    ii

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                           TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                                    Page
LIST OF FIGURES	    v



LIST OF TABLES 	   vi



FOREWORD	    x



SUBJECT	    1



OBJECTIVE	    1



SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS	    1



     Applicable to the diesel engine 	    1



     Applicable to the gasoline engine	    3



DESCRIPTION OF TEST EQUIPMENT AND FUELS	    4



     Engines and Accessory Equipment	    4



     Fue Is	    6



     Dynamometer Equipment	    7



EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES	    7



     Exhaust Sampling and Analysis for Gaseous Emissions	    7



     Smoke Measurements for the Diesel Engine	    8



     Engine Cycle Procedures	    8



     Engine Duty Schedules for Durability Study	   10



     Experimental Design	   13



EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS	   13



     Applicable to the Diesel Engine	   13



          Baseline Data	   13



          Durability Tests	   17



          Results of Oil Analysis	   19



          Results of Engine Teardown Inspection	   19
                                  iii

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                     TABLE OF CONTENTS--CONTINUED                        Page


     Applicable to Gasoline Engine	    22


          Baseline Data	    22


          Durability Study	    23


          Results of Oil Analysis	    28 (
                                                                             /

REFERENCES	    31


Appendix A--Baseline emissions  data for the diesel engine	    45


Appendix B--Emission data from the durability tests of the diesel


  engine	    52


Appendix C—Baseline emissions data  for the gasoline  engine	    73


Appendix D—Emission data from the durability tests of the gasoline


  engine with  exhaust  sampled upstream of  catalytic converters	    85


Appendix E--Emission data from the durability tests of the gasoline


  engine with exhaust  sampled downstream of catalytic converters	    98

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 LIST OF  FIGURES

 1.   Emission control  system used  on  the  diesel  engine

 2.   Emission control  system used  on  the  gasoline  engine

 3.   Schematic of exhaust sampling and analytical  system  used  in diesel
     and  gasoline engine  tests

 4.   Daily accumulation cycle for  diesel  and  gasoline engines

 5.   The  influence of  operating time  on carbon monoxide emission  (diesel
     engine with  injection timing  retarded  3°, two platinum monolithic
     catalysts, and 10 pet EGR

 6.   The  influence of  operating time  on hydrocarbon emission  (diesel
     engine with  injection timing  retarded  3°, two platinum monolithic
     catalysts, and 10 pet EGR)

 7.   The  influence of  operating time  on oxides of  nitrogen  emission
     (diesel engine with  injection timing retarded 3°,  two  platinum
     monolithic catalysts, and 10  pet EGR)

 8.   The  influence of  operating time  on specific fuel consumption  (diesel
     engine with  injection timing  retarded  3°, two platinum monolithic
     catalysts, and 10 pet EGR

 9.   The  influence of  operating time  on smoke emission  (diesel engine
     with injection timing retarded 3°, two platinum monolithic catalysts,
     and  10 pet EGR)

10.   The  influence of  operating time  on CO  emission (gasoline  engine with
     standard ignition timing,  manifold air injection,  two  platinum pelleted
     oxidation catalysts, and 10 pet  EGR)

11.   The  influence of  operating time  on hydrocarbon emission  (gasoline
     engine with  standard igntion  timing, manifold air  injection,  two
     platinum pelleted oxidation catalysts, and  10 pet  EGR)

12.   The  influence of  operating time  on oxides of  nitrogen  emission (gaso-
     line engine  with  standard ignition timing,  manifold  air  injection,  two
     platinum pelleted oxidation catalysts, and  10 pet  EGR)

13.   The  influence of  operating time  on specific fuel consumption  (gasoline
     engine with  standard ignition timing,  manifold air injection, two
     platinum pelleted oxidation catalysts, and  10 pet  EGR)

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LIST OF TABLES

  1.  Baseline gaseous emissions for the diesel engine with and without
      emission controls

  2.  Baseline smoke emissions for the diesel engine with and without
      emission controls

  3.  Smoke emission from the diesel engine during accumulation of hours

  4.  Elemental analysis of a 10W-30 oil used in the diesel engine

  5.  Pentane and benzene insolubles for a 10W-30 oil used in the
      diesel engine

  6.  Viscosity of used oil from the diesel engine (10W-30 oil)

  7.  Baseline emissions for the gasoline engine with and without emis-
      sion controls

  8.  Air=fuel ratio distribution for the gasoline engine

  9.  Exhaust gas recirculation distribution for the gasoline engine

 10.  Elemental analysis of an SAE 30 oil used in the gasoline engine

 11.  Pentane and benzene insolubles for an SAE 30 oil used in the gaso-
      line engine

 12.  Viscosity of used oil from the gasoline engine (SAE 30 oil)

A-l.  Baseline gaseous emissions for diesel engine adjusted to manufacturer's
      specifications

A-2.  Baseline gaseous emissions for diesel engine equipped with emission
      controls (injection timing retarded 3°, two monolithic platinum
      oxidation catalysts, and 10 pet EGR)

B-l.  Gaseous emissions of diesel engine at 49 engine hours and 0 hours
      with emission controls  (injection timing retarded 3°, and  10 pet EGR;
      no catalyst installed)

B-2.  Gaseous emissions of diesel engine at 128 engine hours and 79 hours.
      with emission controls  (injection timing retarded 3°, and  10 pet EGR;
      no catalyst installed)
                                  vi

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LIST OF TABLES (continued)

B=3.  Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 322 engine hours,  273 hours
      with retarded timing and EGR, and 176 hours on catalysts

B-4.  Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 476 engine hours,  427 hours
      with retarded timing and EGR, and 330 hours on catalysts

B-5.  Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 528 engine hours,  479 hours
      with retarded timing and EGR, and 382 hours on catalysts

B-6.  Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 653 engine hours,  604 hours
      with retarded timing and EGR, and 507 hours on catalysts

B-7.  Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 782 engine hours,  733 hours
      with retarded timing and EGR, and 636 hours on catalysts

B-8.  Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 893 engine hours,  844 hours
      with retarded timing and EGR, and 747 hours on catalysts

B-9.  Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 1,018 engine hours, 969 hours
      with retarded timing and EGR, and 872 hours on catalysts

B-10. Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 1,135 engine hours, 1,086
      hours with retarded timing and EGR, and 989 hours on catalysts

B-ll. Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 1,210 engine hours, 1,161
      hours with retarded timing and EGR, and 1,064 hours on catalysts

C-l.  Baseline emissions (23-mode cycle) for gasoline engine adjusted to
      manufacturer's specifications (no EGR, no manifold air injection,
      and no catalysts)

C-2.  Baseline emissions (23-mode cycle) for gasoline engine equipped with
      emission controls (standard ignition timing, manifold air injection,
      two platinum pelleted type catalysts, and 10 pet EGR)

C-3.  Baseline emissions (9-mode cycle) for gasoline engine adjusted to
      manufacturer's specifications (no EGR, no manifold air injection,
      and no catalysts)

C-4.  Baseline emissions (9-mode cycle) for gasoline engine equipped with
      emission controls (standard ignition timing, manifold air injection,
      two platinum pelleted type catalysts, and 10 pet EGR)

D-l.  Emissions (upstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at  121 engine
      hours and 56 hours on emission controls
                                   vii

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LIST OF TABLES (continued)

D-2.  Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  269  engine
      hours and 204 hours on emission controls

D-3.  Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  389  engine
      hours and 325 hours on emission controls

D-4.  Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  458  engine
      hours and 394 hours on emission controls

D-5.  Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  563  engine
      hours and 498 hours on emission controls

D-6.  Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  691  engine
      hours and 635 hours on emission controls

D-7.  Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  796  engine
      hours and 731 hours on emission controls

D-8.  Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  916  engine
      hours and 851 hours on emission controls

D-9.  Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  1,045 engine
      hours and 980 hours on emission controls

D-10. Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  1,067 engine
      hours and 1,002 hours on emission controls

D-ll. Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  1,117 engine
      hours and 1,052 hours on emission controls

D-12. Emissions (upstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine  at  1,118 engine
      hours and 1,053 hours on emission controls

E-l.  Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 251 engine
      hours and 186 hours on emission controls

E-2.  Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 374 engine
      hours and 309 hours on emission controls

E-3.  Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 440 engine
      hours and 375 hours on emission controls

E-4.  Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 583 engine
      hours and 518 hours on emission controls
                                  viii

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LIST OF TABLES (continued)

E-5.  Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 679 engine
      hours and 614 hours on emission controls

E-6.  Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 835 engine
      hours and 770 hours on emission controls

E=7.  Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 902 engine
      hours and 837 hours on emission controls

E-8.  Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 1,062
      engine hours and 997 hours on emission controls

E-9.  Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 1,067
      engine hours and 1,002 hours on emission controls

E-10. Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 1,115
      engine hours and 1,050 hours on emission controls

E-ll. Emissions (downstream of catalyst) for gasoline engine at 1,116
      engine hours and 1,051 hours on emission controls
                                   ix

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                               FOREWORD

     This report presents a summary of work performed by the Fuels
Combustion Research Group, Bartlesville Energy Research Center, Bureau
of Mines, for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Mobile Source
Pollution Control Program, Characterization and Control Development
Branch, Division of Emission Control Technology under Interagency agree-
ment number EPA-IAG 082 (D).

     Dr. Jose L. Bascunana was Chief of the Highway Vehicles Section
in EPA and John J. McFadden was the Project Officer.  The program at
Bartlesville was directed by R. W. Hurn, Research Supervisor; Dr. R. D.
Fleming, Project Leader, was responsible for the experimental work.
T. R. French was responsible for obtaining and calculating emissions data.
T. R. Owens and G. D. Garrison, Mechanical Engineering Technicians, oper-
ated the engines and analytical equipment during the emission tests.
Other technicians who contributed during the accumulation of hours on the
engines were:  P. E. Cottrell, R. L. Frank, L. S. Maddox, A. C. Pearson,
C. L. Purdum, and D. R. Thompson.
                                   x

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               DURABILITY OF ADVANCED EMISSION CONTROLS
                      FOR HEAVY DUTY DIESEL AND
                       GASOLINE FUELED ENGINES
  I.   SUBJECT
      This report covers results from experimental work in a durability
      study using engines mounted on dynamometer stands to determine the
      effectiveness of advanced emission controls on heavy-duty engines
      over approximately 1,200 hours of operation.
 II.  OBJECTIVE

      The objective of the study was to evaluate the use of emission
      control techniques (that are normally considered on light-duty
      vehicles) on heavy-duty truck engines.
III.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

      One naturally-aspirated, 4-cycle, direct-injection, 636 cubic-inch-
      displacement (CID) diesel engine and one 345-CID gasoline engine were
      tested on engine dynamometers over about a 1,200 hour accumulation
      period.  The engines were operated on cyclic duty schedules with
      approximately 40 percent load factors to simulate heavy-duty vehicle
      driving patterns.

      The emission controls applied to the diesel engine were:  (1) Injec-
      tion timing retarded 3° crank angle from the production engine
      setting; (2) two platinum monolithic oxidation catalysts, one for
      each bank of cylinders; and (3) 10 percent exhaust gas recirculation
      '(EGR) .   The emission controls used on the gasoline engine were:
      (1) manifold air injection combined with two platinum pelleted oxi-
      dation catalysts,one for each bank of cylinders; and (2) 10 percent
      EGR.  The following observations were made and conclusions were
      drawn as follows:

      A.  Applicable to the Diesel Engine

          The following observations and conclusions concerning emissions
          of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and oxides of
          nitrogen (NO ) as well as specific fuel consumption are based
          on composite results from the 13-mode cycle procedure (I)*.
          All references to smoke emission are based on results from the
          Federal smoke emission test procedure (JL) .

* Underlined numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the
  end of this report.

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     1.   Baseline emissions and specific  fuel consumption for
         the standard engine were:   00--5.4 g/bhp-hr; HC—
         1.8 g/bhp-hr; NO --9.8 g/bhp-hr;  and fuel consumption
         --0.453 Ib/bhp-hr.  Smoke  emission was  7  pet for the
         acceleration mode; 8 pet for the  lugging  mode;  and
         peak opacity was 16 pet.

     2.   The application of emission controls resulted in CO
         and HC reductions from 80  to 90  pet and an NO   reduction
         of 45 pet without a measurable increase in fuel consump-
         tion.  Smoke emission, however, was increased by 3  units
         during the acceleration mode,  2  units during the lugging
         mode, and peak smoke was increased by about 5 units.

     3.   After 1,060 catalyst hours, the  catalytic converters
         were still removing from 80 to 90 pet of  the CO and HC.

     4.   No deterioration (in terms of NOX reduction) in per-
         formance of the EGR system was observed in 1,150 hours
         of engine operation.

     5.   A steady increase in smoke emissions over the 1,150
         hours of operation was observed.   The cause of  increase
         in smoke was partially due to deterioration in  injection
         nozzle performance.  Other causes for the increased
         smoke might be related to  changes in the  EGR system,
         however, this could not be substantiated  by inspection
         of the system.

     6.   Smoke emissions stayed within the Federal smoke limits
         throughout 1,150 hours of  operation with  40 pet load
         factor on cyclic duty with the exception  of three test
         points.  At the 892; 1,138; and  1,198 hour tests the
         lug smoke exceeded the 15  pet opacity limit by  1, 1,
         and 2 units, respectively.

     7.   An inspection of the engine (after complete disassembly)
         at the end of the accumulation period indicated no
         abnormal wear conditions due to  the emission controls.

The overall results of the study showed that NO   emissions could
be significantly reduced by the use of EGR while maintaining
good system durability.  The system used  an air-cooled heat
exchanger designed to introduce recycled  exhaust into  the intake
air stream at a relatively high temperature  (approximately 600°  F)
to prevent heat-exchanger fouling.   The system also incorporated
automatic EGR cutoff above 90 pet power to prevent deterioration
in engine performance in terms of power loss and increased fuel
consumption which would have been caused  by the  limitation of in-
take air due to the recycling of the relative hot exhaust gas.

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    If CO or HC emissions were a problem, it appears that catalysts
    could be used; however, it would require much more extensive
    testing with various duty cycles before it could be substantiated
    that catalysts can be used successfully with diesel engines.
    Emissions of CO and HC from most diesels are not considered a
    serious problem, therefore, it may not be necessary to consider
    the use of catalysts at this time.
B.  Applicable to the Gasoline Engine

    The following observations and conclusions concerning emissions
    of CO, HC, and NOX as well as specific fuel consumption are
    based on composite results from the 9~mode procedure (JL).   [Note
    that the 9=mode cycle procedure was modified to use engine torque
    values rather than manifold vacuum as an indicator for load.
    See Section V(C) for details.]

         1.  Baseline emissions and fuel consumption from the  gaso-
             line engine were:  CO—35 g/bhp-hr; HC—4.1 g/bhp-hr;
             NO --9.9 g/bhp-hr; and fuel consumption--0.717 Ib/bhp-hr.
               X

         2.  The application of emission controls resulted in  CO and
             HC reductions of about 95 pet and an NOX reduction of
             about 40 pet with about a 10 pet increase in fuel con-
             sumption.

         3.  The catalytic converters were still converting from
             60 to 70 pet of the CO and HC after 1,050 catalyst
             hours even though there was about 45 pet loss of  cata-
             lyst.

         4.  The carburetor had fouled to the extent that idle CO
             could not be adjusted to specifications after 700 hours
             of operation.  Complete carburetor cleaning was required
             to correct the problem.

         5.  The EGR system had fouled to the extent that EGR
             distribution was upset and light load misfire caused
             high HC emissions at the end of 1,050 hours of operation.
             Cleaning of the intake manifold EGR feed passages was
             required to correct this problem.

    The fouling of the carburetor could have been due to lack of a
    suitable additive in the fuel, however, the fouling of the EGR
    system was a more serious problem and changes in design would
    probably be required before more trouble-free operation could be
    achieved.

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         The catalytic converters performed well and showed some promise
         for use in heavy duty service.  The design of the exhaust system
         will be difficult, because, if the catalysts are located too
         close to the engine overheating of the catalyst will occur;
         on the other hand if the catalyst are located too far from the
         engine the catalysts will be slow to warm up.
IV.  DESCRIPTION OF TEST EQUIPMENT AND FUELS
     A.  Engines and Accessory Equipment

         One diesel engine and one gasoline engine in the medium to
         heavy duty class were used in the program.  The engines were
         supplied by two manufacturers who cooperated in the program.
         In addition, two catalyst manufacturers furnished accessory
         hardware.

         The diesel engine was a 1973 model, naturally-aspirated, open-
         chamber, four-stroke cycle, 636-CID engine designed for use in
         vehicles from 24,500 to 60,000 pounds gross vehicle weight.  The
         emission control parameters and/or devices used with this engine
         were;  Injection timing retarded 3° crank angle from standard;
         exhaust gas recirculation; and two monolithic platinum oxidation
         catalysts, one for each bank of cylinders.  The engine was equip-
         ped with prototype low-sac volume fuel injection nozzles to aid
         in lowering HC emissions.

         The EGR system (shown in figure 1) for the dieael engine con-
         sisted of two thin plate orifices to control EGR rate, about
         6 feet of 1-inch I.D. finned pipe for each bank of cylinders,
         and an automated valve for EGR cutoff at 90 pet power and above.
         The system takes exhaust gas upstream of each of the two cata-
         lytic converters, the exhaust flows through the finned pipe
         (which serves as a heat exchanger) and is introduced into the
         engine air intake stream after passing through the EGR cutoff
         valve.  The cutoff valve is designed to automatically cutoff
         at about 90 pet power.  The cutoff is accomplished by means of
         an electrical switch which makes contact when the fuel pump
         rack passes the 90 pet fueling position.  The metering orifices
         were located near the exhaust manifold outlets in a high temper-
         ature zone to prevent deposit accumulation that would foul the
         system.

         The following are typical EGR rates for the 13-mode test
         procedure:

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                        Power,      EGR rate, pet
Mode       Speed         pet      of intake charge
  1     Idle               0            17.6.
  2     Intermediate       2  .          12.9
  3          "            25            11.6
  4          "            50            10.4
  5          "            75             9.6
  6          "           100             0
  7     Idle               0            16.8
  8     Rated            100             0
  9       "               75             9.8
 10       "               50             9.8
 11       "25            10.6
 12       "                2            11.0
 13     Idle               0            17.6
The metering orifices were sized to give approximately 10 pet
EGR at 75 pet power and rated speed.  The EGR parameter will
be referred to as 10 pet EGR throughout this report.  It was
anticipated that deposits would collect in the intake ports
of the engine if exhaust and crankcase vapors were mixed,
therefore, the positive crankcase ventilation hose was'dis-
connected, and the crankcase vapors were vented to the atmos-
phere.

The gasoline engine was a 345-CID engine designed for use in
vehicles from 23,500 to 46,000 pounds gross vehicle weight.
The emission controls used on this engine were:  Manifold air
injection, two platinum pelleted oxidation catalysts, and an
EGR system.  The engine was equipped with a deceleration
modulator to reduce HC emissions during deceleration.  The
emission control system is shown in figure 2.  The manifold
air injection system was essentially that normally used on light-
duty engines.  The two catalytic converters were downflow pan-
cake type and each contained 180 cubic inches of platinum
pelleted catalyst.  The converters were mounted with 7 feet of
3 inch diameter exhaust pipe between exhaust manifolds and the
converter inlets.  This length of pipe was necessary so that
the catalyst would riot be overheated during full power modes.
The EGR system was built into the intake manifold and the rate
of EGR was controlled by an automatic vacuum actuated valve.
The EGR delivery characteristics could be varied by changing the
shape and/or size of the valve pintle.  The pintle used for this
program is arbitrarily referred to as a 10 pet EGR pintle.

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    The following are EGR rates determined for the modes used in
    the 9-mode test procedure:

Engine speed,   Power,   Manifold vacuum,    EGR rate, pet
	rpm	    pet        inches HG       of intake charge
  700 (Idle)       0           19                  1.3
2,000             10           16                 11.1
2,000             30           12                 11.4
2,000             60            7                  8.8
2,000             90            2                  1.9
    The automatic EGR valve was designed to shut off at idle and
    full power modes to avoid unacceptable deterioration in engine
    performance with EGR.  It should be noted that the non-zero
    EGR rate at idle shown in the above table, does not mean that
    the EGR valve leaked or failed to shut off but, rather is a
    consequence of natural EGR due to overlapping of intake and
    exhaust valve timing.  Note also, that the manifold vacuums
    do not correspond exactly with those that are normally used
    in the 9-mode test procedure.  This is because the 9-mode
    test procedure for this program was run on the basis of engine
    torque rather than manifold vacuum.  This was done because the
    addition of EGR to the engine would greatly upset the relation-
    ship between manifold vacuum and torque output.  If the EGR
    system was deactivated, the 10, 30, 60, and 90 pet power modes
    would correspond to 19, 16, 10, and 3 inches of Hg vacuum,
    respectively.

B.  Fuels

    The diesel fuel used throughout the test program was obtained
    from a single source.  Periodic inspections of the diesel fuel
    have shown the fuel properties and composition to remain
    relatively constant.  The diesel fuel was substantially equiva-
    lent to the specification as called out by the Federal Register
    (JL).  The only differences were:  The initial boiling point was
    about 22° F low; the 10 pet point was about 14° F low; and
    total sulfur was 0.14 pet as compared to a minimum of 0.2 pet
    in the specifications.  These differences are judged not to be
    significant in terms of affecting the results of this experi-
    mental program.

    The gasoline used in the program was Indolene motor fuel
    HO III (procured from American Oil Company).  Lead and phos-
    phorus were added to the gasoline to meet specifications called
    for by EPA.  The specifications were 0.03 to 0.05 g/gal lead
    and 0.002 to 0.003 g/gal phosphorus.  The inspection data for
    the fuels used are as follows:

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                                               Diesel fuel   Gasoline

        Gravity, "API	..............:.    36.0       59.1
        Reid vapor pressure, psi	     -          8.7
        Research octane number	     -         97.1
        Cetane index.	    44.0
        Lead, g/gal....	    -          0.03
        Phosphorus, g/gal.	     -          0.0025
        Sulfur, wt pet	     0.14       0.017
        Distillation, °F:
             Initial boiling point	   318         94
             10 pet evaporated		   386        133
             50 pet evaporated	   472        224
             90 pet evaporated	   568        323
             End point		:   609        412
        Composition, vol pet, FIA:
             Aromatics	    31         33
             Non-aromatics	    69         67
        Dynamometer Equipment

        The diesel engine tests were conducted using a 350 horsepower
        eddy-current dynamometer.  The dynamometer was fitted with an
        inertial flywheel to facilitate running the smoke tests.

        The gasoline engine tests were conducted using a 175 horsepower
        eddy-current dynamometer that was coupled to an eddy-current
        motor drive to provide motoring capability for the emission
        test procedures.
V.  EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES
    A.   Exhaust Sampling and
        Analysis for Gaseous Emissions

        Exhaust gas was sampled from both the gasoline and diesel
        engines about 7 feet downstream of the catalytic converters.
        For those tests where exhaust was sampled upstream of the
        catalytic converters, the exhaust was sampled at the converter
        inlets.  A schematic of the sampling and analytical system used
        for the diesel and gasoline engine tests is shown in figure 3.
        The sampling line was maintained at 350° F for both the diesel
        and gasoline engine tests.  In addition to the instruments shown,
        an oxygen analyzer was used in the gasoline engine tests.

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    Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide (CC^) were measured by
    nondispersive infrared (NDIR); total NOX by chemiluminescence;
    oxygen (02) by a polarographic instrument; and total HC by
    flame ionization detection (FID).  Two CO analyzers were used
    which provided four different ranges of measurement.  The
    ranges available were:  0-0.1 pet CO; 0-0.5 pet CO; 0-1.0 pet
    CO; and 0?5.0 pet CO.
B.  Smoke Measurements for the Diesel Engine

    An EPA smokemeter of the type described in the Federal Register
    (i) was used in all tests to measure smoke.  The test procedure
    was run in accordance with paragraph 85.874-11 (_!).  There was
    about 18 feet of exhaust piping between the catalytic converters
    and the smokemeter.  No muffler was used downstream of the
    catalytic converters because the use of a conventional muffler
    would result in exhaust back pressure in excess of that
    recommended by the engine manufacturer.
C.  Engine Cycle Procedures

    Three different engine cycle procedures were used in the test
    program.  A 23-mode procedure was used for baseline tests for
    both the diesel and gasoline engines.  In addition, the 9-mode
    procedure (_!) was used for baseline tests involving the gasoline
    engine.  Composite values for emissions and fuel consumption
    for the diesel engine were calculated for the 13-mode procedure
    from data generated in the 23-mode procedure.  This was possible
    because the 23-mode procedure contained all of the engine modes
    that are used in the 13-mode procedure.

    The 23-mode procedure is described as follows:

-------
Mode   Engine speed     Percent  load    Weighting  factor,  pet

 /I    Idle                ':JP..'               7.0
 /2    Intermediate       .2                  6.0
   3        "               OET^               6-°
   4        "                 18                  5.0
 1/5        "               Cj]D               3'°
 i/6        "               <5(D>               6.0
 /7        "                 75                  0
   8        "                 82                  4.0
   9        "              (^~92/               0
,/LO        "              ^-±00   .               0
l/il    Idle                   0                  7.0
  12    Intermediate   Closed  throttle           12.0
       High                 100                  2.5
  14      "                   92                  5.5
  15      "                   82                  3.5
t/16      "                   75                  6.0
S\l      "                   50                  6.0
iA%      "                   25                  0
  19      "                   18                  6.5
  20      "                    8                  0

-------
    Following the baseline tests, all further testing was done using
    the 13-mode procedure (1974 Federal test procedure) as given
    in the Federal Register (_!_) for the diesel engine and the 9-
    mode procedure (_!) for the gasoline engine.

    The 9-mode cycle procedure was slightly modified from that
    called for in the Federal Register.  The load was determined
    by torque readout rather than manifold vacuum.  The torques
    used were as follows:

                     Manifold vacuum       Manifold vacuum
         Torque,   for standard engine   for engine equipped
           pet     without EGR. in. Hg    with EGR. in. Hg

            10             19                   16
            30             16                   12
            60             10                    7
            90              3                    2
    The torque reference was used rather than manifold vacuum
    because the relationship between manifold vacuum and torque
    changed with the addition of EGR to the emission control
    package as shown above.
D.  Engine Duty Schedules
    for Durability Study

    After performing baseline tests for each of the engines, the
    engines were operated on a 21-hour per day duty schedule for
    the purpose of accumulation of hours on the engines and
    associated emission control hardware.

    Air supplied to the engines during the entire accumulation was
    conditioned to control temperature near 70° F.  The intake
    restriction and exhaust backpressure for the diesel engine was
    held at the maximum allowed by the manufacturer during the accumu-
    lation.

    The duty schedules were arranged so that each engine would
    alternately run at steady-state and on cycle duty at hourly
    intervals.

    The duty schedule for the engine was as follows:
                             10

-------
DUTY SCHEDULE FOR ACCUMULATION OF HOURS
Time
9:00 am - 10:00 am
10:00 am - 11:00 am
11:00 am-12:00 noon
12:00 noon-l:00 pm
1:00 pm - 2:00 pm
2:00 pm - 3:00 pm
3:00 pm - 4:00 pm
4:00 pm - 5:00 pm
5:00 pm - 6:00 pm
6:00 pm - 7:00 pm
7:00 pm - 8:00 pm
8:00 pm - 9:00 pm
9:00 pm - 10:00 pm
10:00 pm - 11:00 pm
11:00 pm-12:00 Midnight
12:00 Midnight-l:00 am
1:00 am - 2:00 am
2:00 am - 3:00 am
3:00 am - 4:00 am
4:00 am - 5:00 am
5:00 am - 6:00 am
6:00 am - 7:00 am
7:00 am - 9:00 am
Diesel engine
Steady
state No.
1
-
2
-
3
-
4
-
5
-
6
-
- -
-
7
-
8
-
9
-
10
- .
-
Mode
1,700 rpm & 25 pet load
Cycle
2,800 rpm & 95 pet load
Cycle
1,400 rpm & 10 pet load
Cycle
1,700 rpm & 50 pet load
Cycle
2,200 rpm & 95 pet load
Cycle
2,800 rpm & 75 pet load
Cycle
Shut-down
Cycle
1,400 rpm & 25 pet load
Cycle
1,700 rpm & 75 pet load
Cycle
2,800 rpm & 50 pet load
Cycle
2,200 rpm & 75 pet load
Cycle
Shut-down
Gasoline engine
S teady
state No.
-
1
-
2
-
3
-
4
-
5
-
-
-
6
-
7
-
8
-
9
-
10
-
Mode
Cycle
2,800 rpm & 75 pet
Cycle
3,600 rpm & 95 pet
Cycle
2,000 rpm & 25 pet
Cycle
2,800 rpm & 50 pet
Cycle
3,600 rpm & 75 pet
Cycle
Shut-down
Cycle
2,000 rpm & 75 pet
Cycle
2,800 rpm & 95 pet
Cycle
3,600 rpm & 50 pet
Cycle
2,000 rpm & 50 pet
Cycle
3,600 rpm & 25 pet
Shut-down



load

load

load

load

load



load

load

load

load

load

                   11

-------
The cycle portion of the duty schedule for the diesel engine is
defined as follows:
       Mode
         1
         2
         3
         4
         5
         6
         7
         8
         9
        10
        11
        12
  Speed, rpm
    1,700
Idle (600 rpm)
    2,800
Idle (600 rpm)
Cumulative
time, min.

     5
    10
    15
    20
    25
    30
    35
    40
    45
    50
    55
    60
The cycle portion of the duty schedule  for the gasoline engine  is
defined as follows:

                                 Load,    Cumulative
       Mode      Speed, rpm       pet     time, min.

         1     Idle (700 rpm)       0          5
         2         1,800           10         10
         3         2,500           90         15
         4         2,000           30         20
         5     Idle (700 rpm)       0         25
         6         1,800           30         30
         7         1,200           60         35
         8         1,800           30         40
         9     Idle (700 rpm)       0         45
        10         1,800           60         50
        11         3,200           90         55
        12         2,000            0         60
    The method of alternating between steady-state operation and
    cyclic duty is depicted graphically in figure 4 for both
    engines.

    The overall load factors when combining both the steady-state
    and cycle portions of the duty schedule were estimated to be
    43 pet for the diesel engine and 40 pet for the gasoline engine.
    These load factors are defined as:
    Load factor =
   	average fuel rate (actual)	
   fuel rate at 100 pet load & rated speed
                X 100
                             12

-------
     E.  Experimental Design

         The test program was essentially in two parts:  (1) Baseline
         tests where three replicate emission tests were made with each
         engine equipped with and without emission controls and (2) a
         durability study with the engines equipped with emission controls
         where emission tests were conducted at about 125 hour intervals
         during a 1,200 hour accumulation.  Following the accumulation,
         tests were made to determine the cause for any drift in emissions
         that were observed during the accumulation period.

         During the accumulation period, oil samples were collected
         at each oil drain period for analysis.  The oil samples were
         analyzed for metal elements that included wear metals (Fe, Al,
         Cu, Cr, Si, Pb, and Mo) by atomic absorption .   Viscosity
         determinations (ASTM D-445) were made at 100° and 210° F and
         the samples were also analyzed for pentane and benzene insolubles
         (ASTM D893-69).  In addition, the engine manufacturers analyzed
         the same oil samples and provided data for comparison.

VI.  EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS
     A.  Applicable to the Diesel Engine
         1.  Baseline Data

              Three replicate emission tests (23-mode cycle) were run
              with the engine adjusted in accordance with the manufac-
              turer's specifications.  The engine was equipped with an
              emission control package which included:  Injection timing
              retarded 3°; two platinum monolithic catalysts; and 10 pet
              EGR.  Three replicate emission tests (23-mode cycle) were
              made with the engine equipped with the emission controls.

              Results from the emission tests with and without emission
              controls are summarized in table 1.  The modal data for
              these tests are given in appendix A.

              Note that in the text  tables and appendix tables, the
              composite cycle gaseous emissions and fuel consumption are
              expressed as brake specific emissions and brake specific fuel
              consumption.  For example, brake specific carbon monoxide
              emission is designated BSCO and brake specific fuel consump-
              tion is designated as BSFC.
                                  13

-------
                      TABLE 1,  - Baseline gaseous  emissions  for the diesel engine
                                        with and without emission controls
Engine description
Adjusted to manufac-
turer's specifications

Equipped with emis-
sion controls I/

Test
No.
1
2
3
Average
1
2
3
Average
23 -Mode cycle
Emissions , g/bhp-hr
BSCO
4.72
4.92
5.10
4.91
0.58
1.00
1.00
.86
BSHC
1.82
1.81
1.78
1.80
0.61
.69
.63
.64
BSN02
9.97
9.59
9.66
9.74
5.42
5.24
5.30
5.32
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.455
.453
.458
.455
0.464
.466
.466
.465
13 -Mode cycle
Emissions, g/bhp-hr
BSCO
5.35
5.52
5.31
5.39
0.38
.59
.57
.51
BSHC
1.86
1.87
1.82
1.85
0.40
.47
.42
.43
BSN02
9.91
9.70
9.76
9.79
5.40
5.37
5.31
5.36
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.454
.454
.452
.453
0.452
.459
.456
.456
\J Injection timing retarded 3°  crank angle from standard,  two  platinum monolithic catalysts,  and
     10 pet EGR.

-------
A similar diesel engine (same model) was tested in a
previous parametric study (2) and similar emission controls
were applied to that engine.  The results of the previous
program are summarized as follows:
Engine
Standard engine.
Engine equipped
with emission
controls 	

2 3 -Mode cycle
Emissions, g/bhp-hr
BSCO
5.54
2.43
BSHC
2.82
1.80
BSN02
8.46
3.65
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.446
.472
13-Mode cycle
Ends s ions , g /bhp -hr
BSCO
5.93
1.93
BSHC
2.90
1.79
BSN02
8.27
4.18
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.445
.476
Comparison of the above results with the results of the
present program  (table 1) shows the HC emission from the
previous standard engine was about 1 to 1.1 g/bhp-hr
higher than that of the standard engine used in the present
program.  The lower HC emission for the present engine is
a result of the prototype (low-sac volume) injection
nozzles which were not available in the previous program.
Carbon monoxide and HC conversion efficiencies for the
present system were higher than those of the previous
program, because the catalysts (used in the present
program) were designed to more closely match the engine
requirements.  Oxides of nitrogen control (based on the
23-mode cycle) achieved in the previous program was a
57 pet reduction while fuel consumption increased about
6 pet.  In the present system, NOX was reduced by 45 pet
while fuel consumption increased by only 2 pet.  Based
on the 13-mode cycle, the application of the emission
controls reduced NOX by 49 pet in the previous program
with a 7 pet increase in fuel consumption while in the
present work NOX was reduced by 45 pet and the increase
in fuel consumption was less than 1 pet.  The apparent
higher level of NOx control in the previous work as
compared to the  present work can probably be attributed
to differences in the EGR system.  In the previous setup,
the exhaust gas was cooled with a liquid/gas heat exchanger
which cooled the exhaust gas to about 200° F before it was
returned to the  engine intake and exhaust gas was cutoff
at full load by means of a manual valve.  Since the present
system was set up for a durability study, a finned pipe
was used to cool the exhaust gas rather than a liquid/gas
heat exchanger and the exhaust gas was at a somewhat
higher temperature when it entered the intake stream and
exhaust cutoff was accomplished by an automatic valve.  The
present heat exchanger setup was used to avoid fouling that
would have occurred if a conventional heat exchanger was used.
                    15

-------
               Summarizing the results of the present baseline study:   The
               application of emission controls reduced CO 82 pet, HC
               64 pet, and NOX 45 pet with a 2 pet increase in fuel consump-
               tion when based on 23-tnode cycle results.   In terms of the
               13-mode cycle, the emission controls reduced CO 90 pet,
               HC 77 pet, and NOX 45 pet with less than 1 pet penalty in
               fuel consumption.

               Smoke emissions for the standard engine and with emission
               controls are summarized in table 2.  Results show about a
         TABLE 2. - Baseline smoke emissions for the diesel
                    engine with and without emission controls

Engine description
.
Adjusted to manufac-
turer's specifications


Equipped with emis-
sion controls _!/


Test
No.
1
2
3

Avg.
1
2
3
Avg.
Smoke values , pet opacity
Acceleration
mode, "A11
6
8
7

7
10
10
11
10
Lugging
mode, "B"
7
9
7

8
11
9
10
10
Peak
opacity, "C"
15
17
16

16
18
22
22
21
I/ Injection timing retarded 3C
   catalysts, and 10 pet EGR.
crank angle, two platinum monolithic
               3 pet opacity increase in acceleration smoke,  a 2 pet
               opacity increase in lugging smoke, and about a 5 pet
               opacity increase in peak smoke with the application of
               the emission controls.  The increase in lugging smoke is
               probably due solely to retarded injection timing, since
               EGR is cut off at about 90 pet of full rack position.  The
               acceleration and peak smoke can be affected by EGR because
               the cutoff valve is open at the start of acceleration and
               closes sometime during the acceleration mode.   The signal
               for cut off occurs as soon as the fuel rack passes the
               90 pet position, but, the pneumatic cutoff valve responds
               on the order of about two seconds.  Thus, the increase
               in acceleration smoke and peak smoke with emission controls
               is probably the result of both retarded timing and EGR.
                                  16

-------
2.  Durability Tests

    After baseline tests were run with 'the engines  equipped
    with emission controls, the diesel engine was put on the
    21-hour per day duty schedule outlined in section V(D)•
    and shown in figure 4.  An emission test was made at
    approximately 125-hour intervals throughout the accumu-
    lation period.  The accumulation was started before all
    the emission control hardware was available, therefore,
    the catalytic converters were installed about 97 hours
    after the EGR system was installed on the engine.  After
    the catalytic converters were installed, the emission tests
    were run such that samples were taken before and after the
    catalyst during each mode.  That is, during the 10 minutes
    in each mode of the 13-mode cycle, exhaust was  sampled
    before the catalyst for the first five minutes  and then
    sampled after the catalyst during the remaining five min-
    utes of the mode.  In this way, a composite value for the
    13-mode cycle could be determined for the system with and
    without catalytic converters.

    Results (in terms of the 13-mode composite values) from
    the durability study over about a 1,160 hour accumulation
    period are shown in figures 5 through 8.  The complete
    test results including modal data are given in  appendix B.

    Carbon monoxide emission (figure 5) from the engine through-
    out the accumulation was in the 5 to 7 g/bhp-hr range with
    a slight trend upward with increased operating  time.  The
    catalysts were converting about 90 pet of the  CO at the
    start of the program and were still converting  about 88
    pet of the CO after 1,160 hours of operating time.  At
    the end of the accumulation, new injection nozzles were
    installed just prior to the final test point.   Results
    (figure 5) from the last test indicate that increase in
    CO with increased operating time may have been  associated
    with deterioration in nozzle performance.  Hydrocarbon
    emission (figure 6) ranged from 1.3 to 1.8 g/bhp-hr during
    the accumulation period with most of the values in the
    1.5 to 1.6 g/bhp-hr range.  The catalysts showed a slight
    deterioration in HC conversion efficiency with  increased
    operating time.  The HC conversion efficiencies were about
    70 pet at the start of the accumulation and were on the
    order of 60 pet at the end of 1,160 hours (1,064 hours
    on the catalysts).  Oxides of nitrogen emissions (figure  7)
    were relatively stable throughout the accumulation which
    indicates that the EGR system performed well throughout
    the program.  Specific fuel consumption (figure 8) ranged
    from 0.439 to 0.474 Ib/bhp-hr throughout the 1,160 hours
    of accumulation.  It is interesting to note that the
    average fuel consumption (for the engine equipped with
    emission controls) of 0.454 Ib/bhp-hr for the  entire


                        17

-------
                accumulation period compares to the standard engine value
                of 0.453 Ib/bhp-hr (table 1).  This suggests that about
                45 pet reduction in NOX was achieved without a penalty in
                specific fuel consumption.  This result, however, is based
                on 13-mode cycle data and may not be true for other
                operating cycles.

                Smoke emissions (figure 9 and table 3) increased with
           TABLE  3.  -  Smoke emission  from the diesel engine
                           during accumulation of hours

Engine
description
EGR & retarded
timing only





EGR, retarded
timing and •
catalysts



Cumulative time, hours

Engine
49
131
146
213
214
337
472
528
652
786
892
1,021
1,138
1,198
l,207l/
EGR and
retarded
timing
0
82
97
164
165
288
423
479
603
737
843
972
1,089
1,149
1,158

Catalysts
_
-
0
67
68
191
326
382
506
640
746
875
992
1,052
1,061
Smoke values ,
pet opacity
"A"
9
8
10
10
11
12
14
13
15
15
14
17
16
17
13
"B"
7
8
11
9
10
11
13
12
15
15
16
14
16
17
14
"C"
23
18
18
22
22
23
24
25
29
28
24
33
28
30
23
_!/ Install new injection nozzles and reset injection timing from
   3.5° retarded to 3° retarded.
                operating time.   Because smoke emissions were observed
                to increase over the accumulation period, additional work
                was done to try  to isolate  the cause  of the smoke  deterio-
                ration.   The injection timing was checked and was  found
                to have  drifted  from 3° retarded  to 3.5° retarded.  The
                injection timing was reset  to 3°  retarded and additional
                smoke tests were run.  In addition, new injection  nozzles
                were installed to determine any deterioration in nozzle
                performance.  The results of additional tests are  as
                follows:
                                   18

-------
                                               Smoke values,
                                                pet opacity
                                               "A"  "B"  "C"

    Baseline smoke with emission controls	   10   10   21
    At end of accumulation	   17   17   30
    After resetting injection timing	   16   16   29
    After installing new injection nozzles....   13   14   23

    These results indicate much of the deterioration in smoke
    emission was due to deterioration in injection nozzle
    performance.  Another possible cause for increase in smoke
    for the acceleration mode and peak smoke might be changes
    in response of the automatic EGR cutoff valve during the
    accumulation of hours.  This could not be checked, however,
    because response time was not determined at the start of
    the program.
3.  Results of Oil Analysis

    A premium multigrade 10W-30 lubricating oil was used in
    the diesel engine throughout the accumulation of hours.
    The used oil was analyzed for wear metals, viscosity, and
    pentane and benzene insolubles.  Oil changes were at about
    150-hour intervals.

    The results of analysis for elements including wear metals
    are given in table 4 and compared with results from the
    engine manufacturer.  Pentane and benzene insolubles are
    given in table 5 and viscosities in table 6.


    All itetto covered by the oil analysis were considered
    normal except for aluminum and iron analysis.  Aluminum
    concentration was high in some of the samples and, in
    general, iron concentrations were slightly high.   These
    high concentrations would suggest unusual wear conditions,
    but this was not substantiated by a teardown inspection
    at the end of the program (see the following section).
4.  Results of Engine Teardown Inspection

    After completing the durability study, the engine was
    returned to the manufacturer for inspection.   The engine
    was completely disassembled and the following items  were
    inspected:
                       19

-------
                         TABLE 4. - Elemental analysis of a 10W-30 oil used in the diesel engine

New oil. .
Used oil.






Engine
hours

199
342
504
656
822
972
1,124
Oil
Hours

150
143
162
152
162
150
152
Analysis by Bureau of Mines
(Atomic absorption)
Element, ppm b}
Fe
1
146
170
217
177
167
142
127
Cr
0
3
3
3
3
3
1
2
Al
0
41
33
44
46
23
42
53
Mo
0
25
24
18
24
18
11
12
j weight
Pb
0
42
55
45
28
40
43
30
Si
1
19
11
5
17
16
16
16
Cu
1
14
8
9
7
6
7
7
Analysis by engine manufacturer
(Emission spectroscopy)
Element, ppm by weig
Fe
<10
135
135
165
140
125
100
110
Cr
<10
<10
<10
<10
<10
<10
<10
<10
Al
<10
40
33
33
30
25
10
20
Mo
<10
12
11
12
12
11
10
12
Pb
<25
<25
30
45
40
45
31
30
ht
Si
<10
18
17
19
19
19
31
13
Cu
<10
<10
<10
<10
<10
<10
<10
<10
NJ
O

-------
TABLE 5. - Pentane and benzene insolubles for a
           10W-30 oil used in the diesel engine

New oil..
Used oil.






Engine
hours

199
342
504
656
822
972
1,124
Oil
hours

150
143
162
152
162
150
152
Analysis by Bureau of
Mines (ASTM D893)
Pentane
insolubles,
weight pet
_
0.9
1.3
2.1
1.7
1.9
1.6
1.8
Benzene
insolubles ,
weight pet
-
0.5
.7
1.7
1.1
1.2
.7
1.0.
Analysis by engine
manufacturer (ASTM D893)
Pentane
insolubles,
weight pet
-
1.5
2.0 x
3.0
2.7
2.5
2.0
2.3
Benzene
insolubles,
weight pet
-
0.9
1.4
1.9
1.7
1.7
1.4
1.7
  TABLE 6. - Viscosity of used oil  from the
                diesel engine (10W-30 oil)

New oi 1 ....
Used oil. . .






Engine
hours
199
342
504
656
822
972
1,124
Oil
hours
150
143
162
152
162
150
152
Analysis by Bureau
of Mines (ASTM D445)
Kinetic viscosity, cs
100°F
64.01
62.55
66.29
63.30
63.55
63.95
62.10
63.44
210° F
10.98
9.87
10.15
9.94
10.03
10.03
10.90
10.06
Analysis by engine
manufacturer (ASTM D445)
Kinetic viscosity, cs
210° F
10.88
9.56
9.88
9.65
9.79
9.70
10.35
10.08
                       21

-------
             1.  Pistons           5.  Valve stems
             2.  Rings             6.  Valve guide bores
             3.  Cylinder bores    7.  Bearings
             4.  Intake ports      8.  Crankshaft

        The intake ports had a thin layer of carbon buildup on
        the walls but was not of sufficient quantity to be harm-
        ful.  The measurements of the pistons, rings, and bores
        indicated normal wear rates for the number of hours on
        the engine.  It was concluded that the engine exhibited
        no detrimental effect from the use of the emission controls,

        The injection nozzles were tested and the valve opening
        pressures were below specifications.  They were prototype
        nozzles and design changes can solve this problem.  The
        low opening pressures of the nozzles were, in part,
        responsible for the increase in smoke with accumulation
        of hours as was previously discussed.
A.  Applicable to Gasoline Engine


    1.  Baseline Data

        The gasoline engine was mounted on the dynamometer stand
        and was run for approximately 14 hours on a break-in
        schedule recommended by the engine manufacturer.  The
        engine parameters were adjusted to the manufacturer's
        specifications and three replicate 23-mode cycle tests
        and three replicate 9-mode cycle tests were run.  In
        this initial configuration the engine had no EGR, and no
        manifold air injection, but was equipped with a decel-
        eration modulator.  After these initial baseline tests,
        the engine was equipped with emission controls which
        included:  (1) manifold air injection, (2) two 180-
        cubic inch catalytic converters containing platinum
        pelleted catalyst, and (3) an EGR system.  Two replicate
        23-mode tests were run and three replicate 9-mode tests
        were run after installing the emission controls.

        The baseline data for the standard engine and the engine
        equipped with emission controls are summarized in table 7.
        Additional data for these tests including modal data are
        given in appendix C.
                           22

-------
              TABLE 7.  - Baseline emissions for the gasoline engine
                            with and without emission controls

Engine
description

Adjusted to
manufacturer's
specifications
Equipped with

controls I/


Test
No.
1
2
3
Avg.
1
2

3
Avg.
23 -Mode cycle
Emissions, g/bhp-hr
BSCO
47.8
42.1
43.4
44.4
8.87
8.14

-
8.50
BSHC
7.25
8.14
8.84
8.08
0.36
.47

-
.42
BSN02
8.57
9.20
9.20
8.99
6.47
7.62

-
7.04
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.691
.697
.696
.695
0.771
.764

-
.768
9 -Mode cycle
Emissions, g/bhp-hr
BSCO
33.4
36.1
35.5
35.0
1.15
.95

1.19
1.10
BSHC
4.11
3.98
'4.31
4.13
0.11
.12

.26
.16
BSN02
10.0
10.1
9.48
9.86
5.92
6.04

5.13
5.70
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.702
.737
.713
.717
0.795
.793

.775
.788
I/ Standard ignition timing, two 180-cubic inch catalytic converters with
   platinum pelleted catalysts, and 10 pet EGR.
                   Comparison of  results  between  the  engine equipped with
                   emission control  and the  standard  engine shows  that the
                   emission control  package  reduced CO  by  about  81 pet, HC
                   by about 95 pet,  and NOX  by  about  22 pet while  specific
                   fuel consumption  increased by  about  10  pet when based
                   on the 23-mode cycle.   When  based  on the 9-mode test,
                   the CO reduction  was 97 pet, the HC  reduction 96 pet, and
                   NOx reduction  42  pet with a  10 pet increase in  fuel con-
                   sumption.  It  is  evident  that  the  "indicated" performance
                   of a particular emission  control package is dependent on the
                   type of test cycle.  It is believed  that the  differences
                   noted here between the 23-mode and 9-mode procedures are
                   related, to a  large extent,  to the difference in weighting
                   factors for the two procedures. Since  the 9-mode  cycle
                   is the standard procedure, the remaining tests  throughout
                   the test program  were  conducted using the 9-mode procedure.
               2.  Durability Study

                   Following the baseline tests,  the engine was  put on a
                   21-hour duty schedule as described in section V(D)  and
                   shown in figure 4.  A 9-mode test cycle was run at  approx
                   imately 125-hour intervals throughout a 1,050 hour
                                     23

-------
accumulation period.  The complete cycle test results for
exhaust sampled upstream of the catalysts are given in
appendix D.  Similar results for the tests which involved
exhaust being sampled downstream of the catalysts are
presented in appendix E.

The  9-mode  composite values are shown in  figures 10
through 13.

Both CO and HC emissions (figures 10 and  11) showed an
increasing  trend with increased operating time.  There  .
was  considerable variability in emission  levels, both
before and after the catalysts.  The catalyst conversion
efficiency  for both CO and HC remained in the 60 to 90
pet  range throughout the accumulation period.  Oxides of
nitrogen emission   (figure  12) was in the 5 to 8 g/bhp=
hr range throughout the accumulation with no apparent
trend with  increased operating time.  Specific fuel con-
sumption (figure  13) appeared to have a downward trend
for  the first 400 hours and remained relatively constant
with increased operating time beyond 400 hours.

The  catalytic converters were inspected periodically
for  catalyst volume loss during the accumulation of hours.
The  results were as follows:

      Catalyst    Catalyst  loss, volume percent
        hours    Left converter   Right converter

            0             0                0
         300             2                2
         600             6                17
         945            44               40

The  catalyst loss with increased operating time was
significant, however, the CO and HC conversion efficiences
were still  in the 60 to 80 pet range even at the end of
1,050 hours.  This high conversion efficiency is attributed
to the relatively high catalyst volume per volume of engine
displacement.  At the start of the program, the ratio of
catalyst volume to engine displacement was 1.04 and even
after a loss of 44 pet of the catalyst, there was still
approximately 0.6 cubic inches of catalyst per cubic inch
of engine displacement.
                    24

-------
Since the 9-mode cycle emissions were erratic and idle
CO was not in specification, additional work was done to
attempt to isolate the causes of the increased emissions
and erratic behavior.

Tests were made to determine the cylinder-to-cylinder
air-fuel ratio (A/F) and EGR distributions at the end
of the 1,050 hour accumulation.  The A/F and EGR distri-
butions were also determined after cleaning the carbu-
retor, and again after cleaning the intake manifold.

The A/F distribution was determined by analyzing exhaust
from individual cylinders and subsequently calculating
an A/F for each cylinder.  In order to determine EGR
distribution, a sampling probe was installed in the intake
manifold at the inlet to each cylinder.  The inlet mixture
to each cylinder was analyzed for (X^J in addition, C02
measurements were made for the exhaust and the intake air.
These data allowed the calculation of an EGR rate for
each engine cylinder.

The engine cylinders were divided into two groups that
were fed by the left and right barrels of the carburetor,
respectively.  The data are expressed in terms of these
two groups of cylinders.

The results of these distribution tests are given in
tables 8 and 9.  The air-fuel ratio distribution (table 8)
was improved by cleaning the carburetor, particularly at
idle and light load.  Before the carburetor was cleaned,
it was fouled to the extent that the idle mixture could
not be leaned on the right barrel to reduce CO at idle.
The carburetor was completely disassembled and cleaned in
a commercial carburetor cleaning solvent.  After reassembly
and installation on the engine, the carburetor could be
adjusted so that idle CO was within specification without
any difficulty.  The air-fuel ratio distribution was still
not perfect, but was within acceptable limits.  The intake
manifold was then cleaned and further tests were made.
The cleaning of the intake manifold did not affect air-
fuel ratio distribution (table 8).

The EGR distribution (table 9) was not significantly
affected by cleaning the carburetor, but was significantly
improved by cleaning of the intake manifold.  Visual
inspection of the manifold before cleaning revealed a
noticeable difference in the amount of deposits in the
                    25

-------
                              TABLE 8.  - Air-fuel ratio distribution for the gasoline engine
Mode
2,000 rpm
&
90 pet power
2,000 rpm
&
60 pet power
2,000 rpm
&
30 pet power
2,000 rpm
&
10 pet power
700 rpm
Idle
Carburetor
barrel
Left
Right
Left
Right
Left
Right
Left
Right
Left
Right

Carburetor and intake
manifold "as is"
following 1,050 hrs
of engine operation
15.6
16.2
15.5
15.4
17.2
16.6
17.6
15.7
14.6
12.1
Air-fuel ratio
Carburetor cleaned but
intake manifold "as is"
following 1,050 hrs of
engine operation
14.5
15.2
14.6
15.2
15.4
16.2
15.8
16.9
15.2
14.4

Carburetor and intake
manifold cleaned fol-
lowing 1,050 hrs of
engine operation
14.6
15.5
15.0
15.6
15.4
16.0
15.8
16.0
15.7
14.7
IS3

-------
                       TABLE 9. - Exhaust gas recirculation distribution for
                                             the gasoline engine
Mode
2,000 rpm
&
90 pet power
2,000 rpm
&
60 pet power
2,000 rpm
&
30 pet power
2,000 rpm
&
10 pet power
700 rpm
Idle
Carburetor
barrel
Left
Right
Left
Right
Left
Right
Left
Right
Left
Right
EGR, pet of intake charge
Carburetor and intake
manifold "as is"
following 1,050 hrs
of engine operation
1.88
1.51
9.30
6.22
13.4
10.1
12.1
8.67
1.51
2.08
Carburetor cleaned but
intake manifold "as is"
following 1,050 hrs of
engine operation
2.45
1.82
9.54
6.42
12.4
8.90
13.1
9.50
1.26
1.57
Carburetor and intake
manifold cleaned fol-
lowing 1,050 hrs of
engine operation
1.79
2.04
8.72
8.78
11.6
11.1
11.5
10.7
1.17
1.51
NOTE.-Exhaust gas recirculation values are expressed in terms of percent of intake  charge  (e.g.,
      10 pet EGR means that 10 pet of the intake charge is exhaust gas).

-------
     EGR feed passages in the intake manifold which caused less
     exhaust gas to be recirculated to the right side of the
     manifold and an excess amount to be recirculated to the
     left side.  This effect was confirmed by the EGR distribu-
     tion measurements (table 9).

     The high rate of EGR to the left side is probably respon-
     sible for the erratic HC emissions because of misfiring
     of the cylinders where the EGR rate was highest.  The
     fouled carburetor appeared to be responsible for the
     erratic CO emission.

     After cleaning the carburetor and intake manifold, two
     replicate 9-mode cycles were run before and after the
     catalysts.  Results from these tests are given in tables
     D-ll, D-12, E-10, and E-ll.  The average of these two
     replicate tests are represented by the last data points
     on figures 10 through 13.  Comparing results of the last
     tests with the results from the previous tests(before
     cleaning carburetor and intake manifold) indicates that
     CO was reduced about 20 pet and HC was reduced by about
     50 pet by cleaning the carburetor and intake manifold.

     The cause for carburetor fouling is unknown, but possibly
     could have been prevented by using a good fuel additive.
     The intake manifold fouling was caused by deposits from
     recirculated exhaust.  A change in the EGR system design
     would probably be required to eliminate the problem.
3.   Results of Oil Analysis

     A premium SAE 30 oil was used in the gasoline engine
     throughout the test program.  Oil samples were collected
     at each oil drain which were taken at about 125-hour
     intervals.  The oil samples were analyzed for wear metals
     by atomic absorption, viscosity (ASTM D445), and pentane
     and benzene insolubles (ASTM 893).  Results are shown in
     tables 10 through 12.

     The results are considered normal and do not indicate any
     unusual wear conditions.  The variation in lead concen-
     tration is probably due to variation in lead in the fuel.
                         28

-------
                     TABLE  10.  - Elemental  analysis  of an SAE  30 oil used  in the  gasoline  engine

New oil..
Used oil.







Engine
hours
-
212
364
500
624
737
856
986
1,054
Oil
hours
-
147
152
136
124
113
119
112
68
Analysis by Bureau of Mines
(Atomic absorption)
>. Element, ppm b}
Fe
4
45
47
24
16
41
26
31
39
Cr
0
2
3
2
1
1
2
3
2
Al
0
10
7
3
3
5
6
3
9
Mo
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
f weight
Pb
0
60
330
420
522
1,300
908
829
874
Si
6
10
4
6
3
.6
3
3
3
Cu
1
4
2?
18
10
11
14
15
24
Analysis by engine manufacturer
(X-rav spectroscopv'4 .
Element, ppm by weight
Fe
<10
43
39
27
19
27
24
31
34
Cr
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
<5
Al*
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Mo*
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Pb
<10
48
>100
>100
>100
>100
>100
>100
>100
Si*
-
-
-
-
-•
-
-
-
-
Cu
2
30
21
16
10
14
14
15
19
to
       * These  elements were  not  determined.

-------
TABLE 11. - Pentane and benzene insolubles for an
            SAE 30 oil used in the gasoline engine


New oil. .
Used oil.








Engine
hours

212
364
500
624
737
856
986
1,054

Oil
hours
-
147
152
136
124
113
119
112
68
Analysis by Bureau of
Mines (ASTM D893)
Pentane
insolubles ,
weight pet .
0
0.04
.04
.06
.03
.08
.04
.06
.06
Benzene
insolubles ,
weight pet
0
0.03
.04
.03
.03
.04
.04
.04
.06
| Analysis by engine
manufacturer (ASTM D893)
Pentane
insolubles,
volume pet
0
0.50
1.50
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
.50
Benzene
insolubles,
volume pet
0
0.25
.50
.25
.50
.50
1.00
1.00
.50
  TABLE 12.  - Viscosity of used oil from the
               gasoline engine (SAE 30 oil)

New oil...
Used oil..







Engine
hours
.
212
364
500
624
737
856
986
1,054
Oil
hours
-
147
152
136
124
113
119
112
68
Analysis by Bureau
of Mines (ASTM D445)
Kinetic viscosity, cs
100° F
111.1
140.0
153.2
139.3
125.3
141.6
139.7
145.4
132.7
210° F
12.15
13.59
14.30
13.49
12.80
13.58
13.54
13.90
13.10
Analysis by engine
manufacturer
Kinetic viscosity, cs
210° F
12.17
13.81
14.62
13.69
12.97
13.81
13.78
14.08
13.40
                      30

-------
REFERENCES

1.  Environmental Protection Agency.  New Motor Vehicles and New Motor
    Vehicle Engines.  37FR 221, Part II, November 15, 1972, pp. 24,287-
    24,312.

2.  Characterization and Control of Emissions from Heavy Duty Diesel and
    Gasoline Fueled Engines.  Final report prepared for Characterization
    and Control Branch, Division of Emission Control Technology, Mobile
    Source Pollution Control Program, Environmental Protection Agency
    by the Fuels Combustion Research Group, Bartlesville Energy Research
    Center, Bureau of Mines, under Interagency agreement No. EPA-IAG-0129(D),
                                   31

-------
                      Automatic EGR cutoff valve
 £)%&
                                 Exhaust gas and inlet air
                                 mixing section
                             EGR metering orifice
                            tfttf
FIGURE 1.  - Emission Control System Used on the Diesel Engine

                       32

-------
..
                                                                   Catolytic converters I
                           FIGURE 2. - Emission Control System Used on the Gasoline Engine

-------
co
       Probe
     Exhaust
                                           Flow meters
                               1? Bubbler for
                                  RCHO sample
                                      Filter
                                  I Water
                                  | trap
Pump
                                                              C02
                                                              NDIR
                              Chemiluminescent
                                 Detector
                                                                       Cal
Pressure
Regulator
         1.   Water trap maintained at 32°  F.
         2.   Sample line:
             a.   Heated portion - Stainless steel at 350°F — total length of stainless steel « 20 feet
             b.   Unheated  portion - Teflon
         3.   Probe:  1/4"  O.D.  stainless steel
         4.   Total sample  flow « 30 cfh
         5.   FID - heated  (oven temperature « 350°F), vacuum  type
                                        FIGURE 3. - Schematic of Exhaust Sampling and Analytical *
                                                            System Used in Diesel and
                                                              Gasoline Engine Tests

-------
CO
             • •••  Cooldown period

              ^J    Cyclic duty (see Section V(D))

             	 Steady-state duty (see Section V(D))
                                          DIESEL ENGINE
                                   ii   ii   ii
                                          GASOLINE ENGINE
                                                                        10
                                                                        MM
                                                                    r  i -
7 am         11 am        3 pm         7 pm        11 pm         3 am
                                 TIME OF DAY
        FIGURE 4. - Daily Accumulation Cycle for Diesel and Gasoline Engines
                                                                                   7 am

-------
g
g
                                                                -o.
O  Before  catalyst

•  After catalyst
                             Installed new  injection nozzles
                             and  reset injection  timing
                 150
    300         450         600         750

            CUMULATIVE OPERATING TIME, hours
900
1,050
1,200
            FIGURE 5. - The Influence of Operating Time on Carbon Monoxide Emission (Diesel Engine
                                    with Injection Timing Retarded 3°, TWo Platinum
                                         Monolithic Catalysts, and 10 Pet EGR)

-------
    3.0
    2.5
                                                       O  Before catalyst

                                                       •  After catalyst
a
60
1
PQ
Pi
§
    2.0
    1.5
    1.0
    0.5
o

TJ
                                              Installed new injection nozzles
                                              and reset injection timing
                                                                                           i
                   150
                300
450
600
750
900
1,050
1,200
                                       CUMULATIVE OPERATING TIME,  hours
                FIGURE 6.  -  The  Influence  of Operating Time  on Hydrocarbon Emission (Diesel Engine
                                        with Injection Timing Retarded 3°, Two Platinum
                                              Monolithic Catalysts,  and 10 Pet EGR)

-------
LO
oo
          6  _
       cx
       ,0
w
o
I
       O

       W
§   2
                   31
                   "SI
                                                               Installed new injection nozzles
                                                               and reset injection timing
                                                                       1
                                                                                         1
                        150
                             300        450         600          750

                                     CUMULATIVE OPERATING TIME,  hours
900
1,050
1,200
               FIGURE 7. - The Influence of Operating Time on Oxides of Nitrogen Emission (Diesel Engine
                                      with Injection Timing Retarded 3°, Two Platinum
                                           Monolithic Catalysts, and 10 Pet EGR)

-------
   0.50
    .48  —
cx
53
O
V)

§
O
    .46
    .44
    .42
    .40
    .38
                                                            Installed new injection nozzles
                                                            and reset injection timing
                   150
                               300
450
600
750
900
1,050
1,200
                                       CUMULATIVE OPERATING TIME, hours
             FIGURE 8. - The Influence of Operating Time on Specific Fuel Consumption (Diesel Engine
                                      with Injection Timing Retarded 3°, Two Platinum
                                           Monolithic Catalysts, and 10 Pet EGR)

-------
                                                           Installed new injection nozzles
                                                           and reset injection timing
                                                             "A" value (acceleration mode)

                                                           )j( "B" value (lugging mode)
                                                           O"C" value (peak opacity)
CO
                  150
300
    450         600          750

CUMULATIVE OPERATING TIME, hours
900
1,050
1,200
                       FIGURE 9.  - The Influence of Operating Time on Smoke (Diesel Engine
                                      with Injection Timing Retarded 3°, Two Platinum
                                           Monolithic Catalysts, and 10 Pet EGR)

-------
    60
    50
O Before catalyst

• After catalyst
.a   40
a
oo
w
S   30
o

1

§

1   20
    10
                  150
              300        450         600         750

                      CUMULATIVE  OPERATING TIME, hours
900
1,050
1,200
            FIGURE  10. -  The  Influence  of Operating Time  on Carbon Monoxide  Emission (Gasoline Engine
                              with Standard Ignition Timing, Manifold Air  Injection, Two
                                Platinum Pelleted  Oxidation Catalysts, and 10  Pet  EGR)

-------
                       O Be f o re ca ta lys t

                       • After catalyst
       a
       43
       oo
ro
       1
            3
                        150
300         450         600         750

         CUMULATIVE OPERATING TIME, hours
900
1,050
1,200
                   FIGURE 11. - The Influence of Operating Time on Hydrocarbon Emission  (Gasoline Engine
                                       with Standard ignition Timing, Manifold Air Injection, Two
                                         Platinum Pelleted Oxidation Catalysts, and  10 Pet EGR)

-------
00
 *l
w
I
H
M
Z

O
CO
s
                 O  Corresponds  to emission tests where exhaust
                     was  sampled  before catalysts
                 X  Corresponds  to emission tests where exhaust
                     was  sampled  after catalysts
                                1
                   150
300         450        600         750

       CUMULATIVE OPERATING TIME, hours
                                                             900
                                                                        f> \
                                                                        cd
                                                                        
-------
CO
.0
§
M
B
M

§
CJ
   0.82
    .80
    .78
    .76
    .74
    .72
    .70
                             Corresponds to. emission tests where
                             exhaust was sampled before catalysts
                           X Corresponds to emission tests where
                             exhaust was sampled after catalysts
                                            I
                                      I
I
I
                   150
              300         450         600         750

                      CUMULATIVE  OPERATING TIME, hours
          900
         1,050
1,200
     FIGURE  13.  -
The Influence of Operating Time on Specific Fuel Consumption (Gasoline Engine with
             Standard Ignition Timing, Manifold Air Injection, Two
             Platinum Pelleted Oxidation Catalysts, and 10 Pet EGR)

-------
APPENDIX A.—BASELINE EMISSION  DATA FOR THE DIESEL ENGINE
                            45

-------
                              TABLE A-l.  - Baseline gaseous emissions for diesel engine
ad lusted
to manufacturer's specifications
[Test No. I—engine hours = 27]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

__
BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC

Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr
575
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
575
-
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
575
-
==Composite
13 -Mode cycle==
5.35 g/bhp-hr
1.86 g/bhp-hr
9.91 g/bhp-hr
0
2.9
11.5
25.6
35.5
71.0
106.5
116.4
130.5
142.0
0
-
199.4
183.4
163.7
149.3
99.7
50.1
35.7
16.0
3.7
0
-
Cycle

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1


1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1


427
,123
,152
,129
,132
,142
,100
,102
,108
,114
427
- •
,670
,691
,684
,679
,663
,649
,646
,640
,638
267
-
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.
8.
11.
15.
17.
28.
38.
41.
47.
53.
2.
-
81.
73.
65.
60.
45.
30.
27.
22.
20.
1.
-
4
7
5
1
6
0
6
1
5
2
5

6
5
6
9
1
9
6
5
1
8

CO,
ppm
380
720
711
650
547
299
141
173
299
1,256
344
-
1,644
776
478
374
333
688
847
1,035
1,080
324
-
HC,
ppmC
563
771
673
575
538
428
300
392
404
233
485
-
140
172
191
204
523
587
689
937
1,128
453
-
NOX,* CO,
ppm g/hr
154 71.2
138 354.7
207 359.3
355 321.9
463 271.6
968 149.8
1,472 68.0
1,595 83.6
1,660 145.3
1,589 613.7
164 64.4
. .
1,406 1204.2
1,368 575.6
1,231 353.1
1,129 275.4
787 242.9
433 497.6
320 611.5
198 744.5
149 776.0
196 37.9
-
HC,
g/hr
52.8 J
190.2
170.3
142.6
133.8
107.4
72.5
94.9
98.3
57.0
45.5
-
51.4
63.9
70.6
75.2
191.0
212.6
249.1
337.5
405.8
26.6
-
NO*
g/hr
47.3
111.6
171.7
288.6
377.4
795.9
1165.8
1265.5
1324.3
1274.5
50.4
-
1690.6
1665.6
1492.6
1364.8
942.3
514.1
379.2
233.8
175.7
37.7
-
Emissions==
==23 -Mode cycle==



0.454 Ib/bhp-hr


BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC

4.72
1.82
9.97
0.455

g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr






Ib/bhp-hr



==Test Conditions==
Barometer
Humidity
Max. inlet
736.2 mmHg
53 grains H20/lb dry air
restriction 24" H~0






Max. exhaust backpressure 33" H70
Inlet air
temperature 74 F


Max. exhaust temperature 1,200° F
* NOx data are corrected to 75 grains H20/lb humidity.

-------
                                TABLE A-l.
adjusted to manufacturer's specifications-Continued

Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

Engine
speed,
rpm
575
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
575
-
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
575
-'

Observed
power,
bhp
0
2.9
11.5
25.6
35.5
71.0
106.5
116.4
130.5
. 142.0
0
-
199.4
183.4
163.7
149.3
99.7
50.1
35.7
16.0
3.7
0
-

Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
398
1,143
1,092
1,123
1,125
1,081
1,148
1,097-
1,102
1,108
424
~ t
1,689
1,683
1,675
1,669
1,654
1,640
1,636
1,631
1,629
398
-
[Test No. 2— engine hours =
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.1
8.8
11.1
15.2
17.7
26.1
40.2
42.5
47.0
53.1
2.4
-
80.5
73.8
65.8
60.7
45.0
31.0
27.2
22.5
20.3
2.3
-
CO,
ppm
386
752
707
659
542'
257
158
202
373
1,295
372
-
1,667
831
500
423
363
708
898
1,077
1,102
380
-
HC,
ppmC
513
750
651
540
500
421
290
421
415
243
447
-
132
191
197
211
573
566
658
875
1,165
513
-
29]
ppm
160
133
216
386
482
933
1,532
1,596
1,646
1,560
154
-
1,356
1,325
1,197
1,084
732
428
300
189
141
145
-

CO,
g/hr
67.3
376.7
338.4
324.4
267.3
121.8
79.5
97.1
180.2
628.9
69.1
-
1234.1
613.0
367.1
309.4
263.2
508.9
643.9
769.9
786.8
66.3
_

HC,
g/hr
44.9
188.6
156.4
133.4
123.8
100.1
73.2
101.6
100.6
59.2
41.7
=
49.0
70.7
72.6
77.5
208.5
204.2
236.8
314.0
417.5
44.9
_

N02,*
g/fir
45.8
109.5
169.8
312.1
390.4
726.2
1266.3
1260.6
1306.0
1244.5
47.0
_
1649.0
1605.6
1443.6
1302.6
871.7
505.4
353.4
221.9
165.4
41.6
_
             ==Composite Cycle Emissions==
   ==13-Mode cycle==
 BSCO   5.52 g/bhp-hr
 BSHC   1.87 g/bhp-hr
 BSN02  9.70 g/bhp-hr
 BSFC   0.454 Ib/bhp-hr
  ==23-Mode cycle==
BSCO   4.92 g/bhp-hr
BSHC   1.81 g/bhp-hr
BSN02  9.59 g/bhp-hr
BSFC   0.453 Ib/bhp-hr
       ==Test Conditions==
Barometer  734.5 mmHg
Humidity  57 grains H20/lb dry air
Max. inlet restriction  24" H20
Max. exhaust backpressure  34" H20
Inlet air temperature  75" F
Max. exhaust temperature  1,220° F
* NOX data are corrected to 75 grains H20/lb humidity.

-------
                                      TABLE A-l.
oo
ad -jus ted to manufacturer's specifications-Continued

Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23




Engine Observed
speed, power,
rpm bhp

1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,


2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,



==13 -Mode
BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC


* N°x
5.31
1.82
9.76
0.452


575
680
680
680
680
680
680
680
680
680
575
-
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
800
575
-
=Composite
cycle==
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
Ib/bhp-hr


0
2.9
11.5
25.6
35.5
71.0
106.5
116.4
130.5
142.0
0
-
199.4
183.4
163.7
149.3
99.7
50.1
35.7
16.0
3.7
0
-
Cycle


[Test
No.
Exhaust Fuel
flow, flow,
Ib/hr Ib/hr

1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,


1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,


Emissions
424
090
118
122
125
135
146
097
102
106
424
-
690
683
676
669
696
639
635
630
628
398
-
==
2.
8.
11.
15.
17.
27.
38.
42.
47.
51.
2.
.
81.
74.
68.
61.
45.
30.
26.
22.
20.
2.
-

5
8
2
2
4
8
3
5
3
8
5

5
6
1
1
1
9
5
3
1
2


3— engine hours = 31]
CO,
ppm
409
763
755
. 660
567
256
158
210
347
999
385
-
1,561
927
648
445
363
735
888
1,077
1,084
372
-

==23 -Mode cycle=






data are corrected to 75
BSCO 5.
BSHC 1.
BSN02 9.
BSFC 0.


grains H
10 g/bhp-hr
78 g/bhp-hr
66 g/bhp-hr
458


Ib/bhp-hr


HC, N0x, * CO,
ppmC ppm g/hr
508 147 76.0
742 128 364.5
645 201 370.0
540 348 324.6
495 449 279.6
436 941 127.4
280 1,444 79.4
469 1,535 101.0
397 1,618 167.6
267 1,572 484.3
417 149 71.5
.
161 1,352 1156.3
195 1,321 683.8
215 1,169 476.0
222 1,160 325.5
538 748 269.8
565 409 528.0
551 295 636.4
888 190 769.4
1,029 145 773.5
484 151 64.9
- -

•=Test Conditions==
Barometer 734.2 mmHg
Humidity 56 grains H20/lb dry
Max. inlet restriction 24" H20
HC,
g/hr
47.4
177.9
158.6
133.3
122.5
108.9
70.6
113.2
96.2
65.0
38.9
-
59.9
72.2
79.3
81.5
200.7
203.7
198.2
318.4
368.5
42.4
-



air

N02,*
g/hr
44.9
100.5
161.8
281.1
363.7
769.0
1191.5
1212.4
1283.8
1251.8
45.5
-
1645.1
1600.7
1410.7
1393.9
913.4
482.7
347.3
223.0
170.0
43.3
-





Max; exhaust backpressure 34" H20




Inlet air temperature 74° F
Max. exhaust temperature 1,230

0 F


20/lb humidity.

-------
                         TABLE A-2. - Baseline gaseous emissions for diesel engine equipped with emission
vO
controls (Inlection timing retarded 3°, two monolithic
platinum oxidation catalysts, and 10 pet EGR)
[Test No. 1— total engine hours = 176; hours
with EGR and retarded timing = 127;
hours with catalysts = 30]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

Engine Observed
speed, power,
rpm bhp
575 0
1,680 2.9
1,680 11.5
1,680 26.5
1,680 36.8
1,680 73.6
1,680 110.4
1,680 120.6
1,680 135.3
1,680 147.1
575 0
_
2,800 199.4
2,800 183.4
2,800 163.7
2,800 149.3
2,800 99.7
2,800 50.1
2,800 35.7
2,800 16.0
2,800 3.7
575 0
-
=Composite Cycle
=13 -mode cycle=
BSCO 0.38 g/bhp-hr
BSHC .40 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.40 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .452 Ib/bhp-hr


Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
356
1,015
1,017
1,021
1,024
1,033
1,017
1,022
1,136
1,141
356
-
1,712
1,708
1,538
1,533
1,516
1,501
1,497
1,493
1,490
356
-
Emissions^
£Fi» »•
2/5 "-
2.8 247
8.8 260
11.0 237
14.8 35
17.2 13
27.0 12
37.8 25
42.2 25
47.8 25
52.5 28
2.8 212
-
80.0 32
76.2 33
69.0 24
64.5 28
47.0 25
32.2 17
28.2 26
24.0 17
21.0 17
2.5 279
_ .

=2 3 -mode cycle=
BSCO 0.58 g/bhp-hr
BSHC .61 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.42 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .464 Ib/bhp-hr


HC, NOxt* co> HC» N02,*
ppmC ppm g/hr g/hr g/hr
322 167 38.5 25.2 42.8
679 113 116 152 82.6
632 164 106 141 120
199- 244 15.7 44.7 179
92 302 5.83 20.7 223
37 422 5.43 8.41 314
31 628 11.1 6.94 460
34 656 11.2 7.64 483
20 1,029 12.4 5.00 842
22 1,032 14.0 5.52 781
269 179 33.1 21.1 45.9
-
39 967 24.0 14.7 1,192
28 934 24.7 10.5 1,149
41 591 16.2 13.9 654
44 566 18.8 14.8 625
39 471 16,6 13.0 514
47 276 11.2 15.5 298
67 224 17.1 22.1 241
91 153 11.1 29.9 164
120 118 11.1 39.3 127
314 103 43.5 24.6 26.4
-
=Test Condi tions=
Barometer 745 mmHg
Humidity 46 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches H20
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches H20
Inlet air temperature 70° F
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,294° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.5 pet
              * NOX data are corrected to 75 grains ^O/lb humidity.

-------
                         TABLE A-2.  - Baseline gaseous emissions for diesel engine equipped with emission
Ul
o
controls (Injection timing retarded 3°, two monolithic
platinum oxidation catalysts, and 10 pet EGR). Continued
[Test No. 2-- total engine
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

Engine Observed
speed, power,
rpm bhp

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1


2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2



575
,680 2
,680 11
,680 26
,680 36
,680 73
,680 110
,680 120
,680 135
,680 147
575
-
,800 191
,800 176
,800 157
,800 143
,800 96
,800 48
,800 34
,800 15
,800 3
575 0
-
=Composite
0
.9
.5
.5
.8
.6
.4
.6
.3
.1
0

.9
.5
.3
.9
.0
.0
.6
.5
.7


Cycle
=13 -mode cycle=
BSCO 0.59 g/bhp-hr
BSHC .47 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.37 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .459 Ib/bhp-hr
hours s 209; hours with
hours with catalysts =
Exhaust Fuel
flow, flow,
Ib/hr Ib/hr
352
1,031
1,033
1,010
1,013
1,025
1,009
1,012
1,124
1,130
352
-
1,695
1,689
1,547
1,515
1,499
1,483
1,480
1,476
1,474
352
-
2.0
8.8
10.8
14.5
17.0
29.0
39.8
42.8
48.0
53.5
1.8
-
80.0
74.0
66.8
62.2
45.5
30.2
27.2
22.8
20.8
2.2
-
CO, HC,
ppm ppmC
267 353
560 647
553 624
104 300
21 133
25 40
28 29
16. 29
20 23
20 23
262 300
-
36 43
33 39
33 52
33 52
34 59
26 72
26 85
26 130
26 173
262 394
-
Emissions=
=23-mode cycle=
BSCO 1.00 g/bhp-hr
BSHC .69 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.24 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .466 Ib/bhp-hr
*NOX data are corrected to 75 grains
H20/lb
EGR and retarded timing = 160;
63]
NOx,*
ppm
119
114
156
245
300
434
633
655
1,017
1,027
99
-
952
871
556
537
428
256
201
140
109
126
-
=Test
CO,
g/hr
41.2
253
250
46.0
9.32
11.2
12.4
7.10
9.85
9.91
40.4
_
26.7
24.4
22.4
21.9
22.3
16,9
16.9
16.8
16.8
40.4
-
HC,
g/hr
27.3
147
142
66.7
29.6
9.02
6.44
6.46
5.69
5.72
23.2
_
16.0
14.5
17.7
17.3
19.5
23.5
27.7
42.2
56.1
30.5
-
N02,*
g/hr
30
84
116
178
219
320
460
477
823
836
25
-
1,162
1,059
619
586
462
273
214
149
116
31
-
.2
.6








.1










.9

Conditions=
Barometer 737 mmHg
Humidity 63 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches H20
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches
Inlet air temperature 70° F
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,295° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed
H20
9.5 pet


                humidity.

-------
        TABLE A-2. - Baseline gaseous emissions for diesel engine equipped with emission



Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23



[Test No. 3— total
Engine Observed
speed, power,
rpm bhp
575 0
1,680 2.9
1,680 11.5
1,680 26.5
1,680 36.8
1,680 73.6
1,680 110.4
1,680 120.6
1,680 135.3
1,680 147.1
575 0
-
2,800 197.3
2,800 181.3
2,800 161.5
2,800 148.2
2,800 98.6
2,800 49.6
2,800 35.7
2,800 16.0
2,800 3.7
575 0
.
^Composite Cycle
=13-mode cycle=
BSCO 0.57 g/bhp-hr
BSHC .42 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.31 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .456 Ib/bhp-hr
controls
platinum
(In lection timing
retarded
3°, two monolithic

oxidation catalysts, and 10 pctEGR)-Continued
engine hours = 228; hours with E6R and retarded timing = 179;
hours with catalysts = 82]
Exhaust Fuel
flow, flow,
Ib/hr Ib/hr
351
1,028
1,031
1,008
1,010
1,020
1,006
1,011
1,122
1,127
351
-
1,690
1,685
1,517
1,514
1,495
1,480
1,477
1,473
1,470
351
-
2.2
8.8
11.2
14.8
17.5
26.8
39.8
44.8
48.8
53.8
2.0

80.2
75.2
68.2
65.0
46.5
31.2
28.0
23.8
21.0
2.2
- '
CO,
ppm
321
605
592
79
17
17
17
16
20
20
276
-
28
28
28
28
25
21
17
17
17
275
-
Emissions=
=2 3 -mode cycle=
BSCO 1.00 g/bhp-hr
BSHC .63 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.30 g/bhp-hr
BSFC . 466 Ib/bhp-hr
*NOX data are corrected to 75 grains
H90/lb

HC,
ppmC
341
664
618 .
258
90
26
26
13
19
16
364
-
39
26
39
29
45
64
84
116
151
348
- '
NOx,* CO, HC,
ppm g/hr g/hr
102 49.4 26.3
105 273 150
154 268 140
238 39.9 57.2
303 7.53 20.0
423 7.60 5.83
604 7.50 5.75
624 7.09 2.89
961 9.84 4.69
973 9.88 3.97
112 42.5 28.1
-
929 20.7 14.5
909 20.7 9.64
565 18.6 13.0
555 18.6 9.66
446 16.4 14.8
353 13.6 20.8
307 ll.O 27.3
143 11.0 37.6
108 11.0 48.8
108 42.3 26.9
_
N02t*
g/hr
25.8
77.7
114
173
220
311
437
454
776
790
28.3
_
1,130
1,103
617
605
480
376
326
152
114
27.3
-
=Test Conditions=
Barometer 734.9 mmHg
Humidity 68 grains ^O/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches H-O
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches H20
Inlet air temperature 70° F
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,305° F
EGR rate
at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.8 pet
humidity.

-------
APPENDIX B.--EMISSION DATA FROM THE DURABILITY
               TESTING OF THE DIESEL ENGINE
                      52

-------
                      TABLE  B-l.  -  Gaseous  emissions  of  diesel  engine  at  49 engine hours  and  0 hours
LO
on emission
controls (In lection timing
retarded 3°. and 10 pet
EGR; no catalyst installed)

Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13


Engine Observed
speed, power,
rpm bhp
575
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
575
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
575
0
2.9
36.5
72.6
109.1
145.2
0
202.6
151.9
101.3
50.6
4.3
0

Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
381
1,034
1,044
1,053
1,066
1,134
406
1,723
1,542
1,526
1,512
1,474
379

Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.9
9.0
18.1
27.6
40.2
54.1
3.0
82.1
63.3
46.9
32.4
21.5
2.8

CO,
ppm
306
636,
579
286
190
572
310
1,521
1,154
569
755
1,012
348
^Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=
BSCO 5.31 g/bhp-hr
BSHC 1.66 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.91 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .459 Ib/bhp-hr

HC,
ppmC
463
722
491
353
287
165 1,
498
114
252
558
612
1,116
552

ppm
112
101
287
590
780
193
115
988
574
462
276
116
104

CO,
g/hr
51.1
288.2
264.9
132.0
88.8
284.3
55.2
1,148.6
779.9
380.6
500.3
653.8
57.8

HC,
g/hr
38.8
164.2
112.8
81.8
67.3
41.2
44.5 .
43.2
85.5
187.3
203.6
361.9
46.0

N02,*
g/hr
30.7
75.2
215.7
447.3
598.7
974.1
33.6
1,225.7
637.3
507.6
300.5
123.1
28.4
=Test Conditions=
Barometer 744 mmHg
Humidity 45.1 grains ^O/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches ^0
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches HoO
Tv*lA^ n ^ *• *• s**vm A*>* a^i«w>A *7 O " T
         *NOX data are corrected to 75 grains ^O/lb humidity.

        **NOTE.-EGR rate was not measured during this test;
                the 10 pet EGR is a nominal value.
      air temperature 72C
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,291° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 10 pet**

-------
            TABLE B-2.  - Gaseous emissions of diesel engine at 128 engine hours and 79 hours
on emission controls (Inlection timing retarded 3°, and
10 pet

EGR; no catalyst installed)

Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Engine
speed,
rpm
700
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
700
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
700

Observed
power ,
bhp
0
2.9
35.8
71.7
107.2
145.3
0
191.9
143.9
95.9
48.0
3.7
0

Exhaust
flow
Ib/hr
405
1;001
1,035
1,045
1,055
1,122
352
1,681
1,530
1,490
1,477
1,467
351

Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
3.4
9.2
17.3
26.8
37.0
50.2
3.8
73.8
57.0
43.0
30.3
20.2
2.8

CO,
ppm
301
609
555
298
191
539
299
1,493
1,391
724
808
1,055
292

HC,
ppmC
517
844
535
392
333
166
475
101
226
547
630
1,188
499

NOX,*
ppm
111
108
323
594
803
1,184
98
973
565
466
293
114
110

CO,
g/hr
53.4
267
252
136
88.3
265
46.1
1,100
933
473
523
678
44.9

HC,
g/hr
46.1
186
122
90.1
77.3
41.0
36.8
37.4 .
76.1
179
205
383
38.5

N02>*
g/hr
32.4
77.8
241
447
610
956
24.8
1,178
622
500
312
120
27.8
    =Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=
            BSCO      5.71  g/bhp-hr
            BSHC      1.77  g/bhp-hr
            BSN02     6.07  g/bhp-hr
            BSFC        .440 Ib/bhp-hr

*NOX data are corrected to 75  grains H20/lb humidity.
        =Test Conditions=
Barometer  736.3 mmHg
Humidity  57 grains of H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches H20
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches H20
Inlet air temperature 71° F
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,285° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.4 pet

-------
                  TABLE B-3. - Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 322 -engine hours.
273 hours with retarded timing and EGR,
and 176 hours on catalysts
[Exhaust sampled upstream of catalytic converters]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr
575
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
575
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
575
0
2.9
36.2
72.0
108.2
144.0
0
191.9
143.9
95.9
48.0
3.7
0
325
1,004
1,012
1,023
1,006
1,130
352
1,693
1,487
1,470
1,457
1,447
325
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.3
8.8
17.0
27.0
38.0
53.3
2.6
78.3
61.3
44.3
30.8
21.2
2.4
CO,
ppm
284
511
497
289
203
536
266
1,422
1,357
748
747
1,034
287
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=
BSCO 5.42 g/bhp-hr
BSHC 1.54 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 4.96 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .455 Ib/bhp-hr
HC, NOx,* CO, HC,
ppmC ppm g/hr g/hr
497 106 40.5 35.5
658 99 225 145
473 278 220 105
375 471 130 84.4
318 602 89.5 70.4
231 928 265.-S 57.4
381 123 41.0 29.5
196 844 1,055 73.0
237 504 884 77.5
485 369 482 157
497 248 477 159
924 95 656 294
393 94 40.9 28.1
=Test Conditions—
Barometer 739.4 mmHg
Humidity 58 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches
Maximum exhaust back pressure 33.5
N02,*
g/hr
24.8
71.6
203
347
436
755
31.2
1,029
540
391
260
99.0
22.0
H20
inches H2<
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H00/lb humidity.
   x                                  2.
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,284° F

EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.4 pet

-------
                          TABLE B-3.  - Gaseous  emissions  for  diesel engine  at 322 engine hours.
Ul




273 hours
with retarded timing and EGR,
and 176 hours on
[Exhaust sampled downstream of
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine
speed,
rpm
575
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
575
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
575
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
2.9
36.2
72.0
108.2
144.0
0
191.9
143.9
95.9
48.0
-3.7
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
325
1,004
1,012
1,023
1,006
1,130
352
1,693
1,487
1,470
1,457
1,447
325
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.2
8.8
17.0
27.3
37.3
53.7
2.7
78.8
61.4
44.3
31.0
21.0
2.5
CO,
ppm
257
491
26
12
17
24
243
28
28
29
26
21
275
catalysts -Continued
catalytic converters]
HC,
ppmC
352
664
139
58
40
35
306
46
69
58
81
133
312
NOX,*
ppm
101
96
273
444
549
907
109
.844
504
441
248
104
99
CO,
g/hr
36.6
216
11.5
5,38
7.50
11.9
37.5
20.8
18.2
18.7
16.6
13.3
39.2
HC,
g/hr
25.2
147
30.9
13.1
8.85
8.70
23.7
17.1
22.6
18.8
26.0
42.3
22.3
N02,*
g/hr
23.6
69.4
199
327
398
738
27.6
1,029
540
467
260
108
23.2
    ^Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=

            BSCO        0.51  g/bhp-hr
            BSHC         .47  g/bhp-hr
            BSN02       4.96  g/bhp-hr
            BSFC         .456 Ib/bhp-hr

*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H.O/lb humidity.
                                                                           =Test  Condi tions=
                                                                    Barometer   739.4 mmHg
                                                                    Humidity   58  grains H20/lb  dry air
                                                                    Maximum inlet restriction 24  inches  ^0
                                                                    Maximum exhaust back pressure 33.5 inches  t^O
                                                                    Inlet air  temperature  70° F
                                                                    Maximum exhaust temperature 1,284° F
                                                                    EGR rate at 75  pet load and rated speed 9.4 pet

-------
                  TABLE B-4.- Gaseous emissions for dlesel engine at 476 engine hours,
427 hours





and
with retarded timing and EGR,
330 hours on catalysts
[Exhaust sampled upstream of catalytic converters]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr

1
1
1
1
1

2
2
2
2
2

575
,680
,680
,680
,680
,680
575
,800
,800
,800
,800
,800
575
0
2.9
36.2
72.0
108.2
144.0
0
194.0
145.5
97.0
48.5
3.7
0
324
1,029
1,037
1,020
1,005
1,128
324
1,691
1,485
1,469
1,453
1,443
351
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.0
8.7
16.5
27.0
38.0
53.2
2.0
79.4
61.4
45.2
30.2
17.7
2.0
CO,
ppm
305
541
483
277
206
620
293
1,379
1,544
837
748
1,014
302
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=
BSCO 5.61 g/bhp-hr
BSHC 1.33 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.52 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .448 Ib/bhp-hr
HC, NO*,*
ppmC PP"
441 117
576 120
384 320
306 527
312 645
174 980
240 128
192 929
216 569
432 458
432 294
804 121
360 106
CO, HC, N02, *
g/hr g/hr g/hr
43.
244
220
124
90.
307
41.
1,022
1,005
539
476
641
46.
3 31
130
87
68
7 69
43
6 17
71
70
140
138
255
5 27
.4

.6
.7
.0
.2
.1
.4 1,
.6



.8
=Test Conditions=
Barometer 735.5 mmHg
Humidity 58 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches HjO
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches
Tnloh aif t-omnoi-a f-ii-ro 70° V
27.3
88.9
239
387
467
796
29.9
131
608
484
308
126
26.8
H20
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H.O/lb  humidity.
   x                                  2
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,331° F

EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.4 pet

-------
                       TABLE B-4.  - Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 476 engine hours,
oo




427
hours with retarded timing and EGR,
and 330 hours on
[Exhaust sampled downstream of
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr
575
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
575
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
575

2
36
72
108
144

194
145
_ 97
48
3

=Composite Cycle
BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC
0
.9
.2
.0
.2
.0
0
.0
.5
.0
.5
.7
0
324
1,029
1,037
1,020
1,005
1,128
324
1,691
1,485
1,469
1,453
1,443
351
Emissions, 13 -mode
0.60 g/bhp-hr
.43 g/bhp-hr
5.46 g/bhp-hr
.451 Ib/bhp-hr
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.0
8.3
17.0
26.0
38.0
53.7
2.0
79.5
61.6
45.3
30.2
20.0
2.2
cycle=
CO,
ppm
51
503
26
17
29
57
27
77
53
54
43
39
267
catalysts -Continued
catalytic converters]
HC,
ppntC
240
552
132
72
36
18
48
48
48
84
72
198
264
NO*,*
ppm
114
113
315
482
614
950
116
951
574
458
303
116
99
CO,
g/hr
7.24
227
11.8
7.60
12.8
28.2
3.83
57.1
34.5
34.8
27.4
24.7
41.1
HC,
g/hr
17.1
125
30.1
16.2
7.96
4.47
3.42
17.9
15.7
27.1
23.0
62.9
20.4
=Test Condi tions=
Barometer 735.5 mmHg
Humidity 58 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34.0
Tnlat- a -if f-atnnai-at-iii-n 7O° V
N02,*
g/hr
26.6
83.7
235
354
444
772
27.1
1,158
614
484
317
121
25.0
H20
inches H«<
     *NO   data are corrected to 75 grains H-0/lb humidity.
        X                                  £•
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,331° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.4 pet

-------
                          TABI£ B-5.  - Gaseous emissions  for diesel  engine at  528 engine hours.
Ui
479 hours with retarded timing and
EGR,


and 382 hours on catalysts
[Exhaust sampled upstream of catalytic converters]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine
speed,
rpm
575
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
575
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
575
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
2.9
36.5
72.6
109.1
144.0
0
197.2
148.2
98.6
49.6
3.7
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
351
1,028
1,010
1,020
1,007
1,128
351
1,691
1,486
1,469
1,453
1,442
351
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode

BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC
5.88
1.48
5.38
.468
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
Ib/bhp-hr
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.7
9.2
17.6
28.2
41.2
55.0
2.4
82.2
65.0
47.2
31.8
20.5
2.7
cycle=
CO,
ppm
310
555
506
293
218
736
311
1,559
1,722
777
730
1,013
338

HC, NOx*
ppmC ppm
335 133
579 119
417 317
324 487
382 619
185 936
382 142
232 919
214 579
504 469 '
486 300
950 117
400 128
=Test
CO,
g/hr
47.7
250
224
131
96.2
364
47.8
1,155
1,122
500
465
640
52.0
Conditions=
HC,
g/hr
25.9
131
92.7
72.7
84.6
45.9
29.5
86.3
70.0
163
155
301
30.9

Barometer 737 mmHg
Humidity 61 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34.5
N02,*
g/hr
33.6
88.1
231
358
449
760
35.9
1,119
619
496
314
121
32.3

H20
inches H2C
        *NO   data are corrected  to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
Inlet air temperature 71° F
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,355° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.7 pet

-------
                   TABLE B-5.  - Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 528-engine hours.
479 hours with retarded
timing and EGR,
and 382 hours on catalysts-Continued
[Exhaust sampled downstream of
Engine Observed Exhaust
Mode speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

1
1
1
1
1

2
2
2
2
2

575
,680
,680
,680
,680
,680
575
,800
,800
,800
,800
,800
575
0
2.9
36.5
72.6
109.1
144.0
0
197.2
148.2
98.6
49.6
3.7
0
351
1,028
1,010
1,020
1,007
1,128
351
1,691
1,486
1,469
1,453
1,442
351
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode
BSCO 0.56 g/bhp-hr
BSHC .47 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.36 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .466 Ib/bhp-hr
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.7
9.2
17.6
28.2
41.2
54.2
2.4
82.2
64.2
46.8
31.8
20.6
2.7
cycle=
CO,
ppm
229
535
26
25
25
24
239
40
28
29
26
30
306
catalytic converters]
HC,
ppmC
217
5~44
145
81
46
52
226
46
41
93
81
232
290
NOX,*
ppm
128
114
307
456
592
945
135
946
579
469
305
117
112
CO,
g/hr
35.2
241
11.5
11.2
11.0
11.9
36.8
29.6
18.2
18.7
16.6
19.0
47.1
HC,
g/hr
16.8
123
32.2
18.2
10.2
12.9
17.5
17.1
13.4
30.1
25.9
73.6
22.4
=Test Conditions=
Barometer 737 mmHg
Humidity 61 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34.5
Ttil of- o-l*- t»AmmAV*af-ii*»a 71° TT
N02, *
g/hr
32.3
84.4
223
335
429
767
34.1
1,152
619
496
319
121
28.3
H20
inches H2(
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H.O/lb humidity.
   X                                  £-
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,355° F

EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.7 pet

-------
                   TABLE B-6. - Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 653 engine hours.
604 hours





and
with retarded timing and EGR.
507 hours on catalysts
[Exhaust sampled upstream of
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr

1
1
1
1
1

2
2
2
2
. 2

575
,680
,680
,680
,680
,680
575
,800
,800
,800
,800
,800
575
0
2.9
36.0
72.1
108.1
144.2
0
197.2
148.2
98.6
49.6
3.7
0
355
1,013
1,050
1,032
1,017
1,140
355
1,711
1,503
1,485
1,470
1,459
382
==Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode
BSCO 6.19 g/bhp-hr
BSHC 1.57 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.17 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .463 Ib/bhp-hr
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.1
8.7
17.9
27.8
40.0
54.0
2.2
82.3 1
64.3 1
46.2
31.3
20.3 1
2.2
cycle=
CO,
ppm
285
540
516
294
222
620
307
,602
,836
821
828
,098
349
catalytic converters]
HC,
ppmC
412
624
484
384
367
222
345
267
245
468
512
946
356
NC^,* CO,
ppm g/hr
121
96
264
453
602
946
135
901
537
439
267
100
113
44.3
240
237
133
99.0
310
47.8
1,201
1,209
534
533
702
58.4
HC,
g/hr
32.2
139
112
87.2
82.1
55.7
26.9
101
81.0
153
166
304
29.9
=Test Conditions=
Barometer 746 mmHg
Humidity 66 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches
Maximum exhaust back pressure 35.5
TM 1 s%4> n 4 «• *• A*«H s*«*A4***wiA 71 T
N02,*
g/hr
30.9
70.0
200
337
441
776
34.5
1,110
581
469
283
105
31.1
H20
inches -^t
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H_0/lb humidity.
   x                                  l
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,327° F

EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 10.2 pet

-------
                           TABLE B-6. - Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 653 engine hours.
NJ
604 hours with retarded
and 507 hours
timing and EGR,
on catalysts-Continued
[Exhaust sampled downstream of catalytic converters]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine
speed,
rpm
575
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
575
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
575
Observed
power,
bhp
0
2.9
36.0
72.1
108.1
144.2
0
197.2
148.2
98.6
49.6
3.7
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
355
1,013
1,050
1,032
1,017
. 1,140
355
1,711
1,503
1,485
1,470
1,459
382
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.1
8.7
17.9
27.8
40.0
54.0
2.2
82.3
64.3
46.2
31.3
20.3
2.2
CO,
ppm
276
536
35
21
28
28
276
44
36
51
43
86
330
HC,
ppmC
295
651
189
78
56
61
245
84
84
106
78
267
267
NOx,*
ppm
114
101
288
453
566
925
138
923
561
444
285
107
111
CO,
g/hr
42.9
238
16.1
9.50
12.5
14.0
42.9
33.0
23.7
33.2
27.7
55.0
55.3
HC,
g/hr
23.0
145
43.7
17.7
12.5
15.3
19.1
31.6
27.8
34.6
25.2
85.7
22.4
N02,*
g/hr
29.1
73.7
218
337
414
759
35.3
1,137
607
475
302
112
30.5
           =Composite Cycle Emissions,  13-mode cycle=

                   BSCO        0.67   g/bhp-hr
                   BSHC         .57   g/bhp-hr
                   BSN02       5.24   g/bhp-hr
                   BSFC         .463 Ib/bhp-hr
      *NO   data  are  corrected to 75 grains H-0/lb humidity.
        =Test Conditions=
Barometer  746 mmHg
Humidity  66 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches ^0
Maximum exhaust back pressure 35.5 inches
Inlet air temperature 71° F
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,327° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 10.2 pet

-------
                   TABLE  B-7.  -  Gaseous  emissions  for diesel engine at 782 engine hours.
733 hours with retarded timing and
EGR,


and 636 hours on catalysts
[Exhaust sampled upstream of catalytic
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10,
11
12
13
Engine
speed,
rpm
575
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
575
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
.575
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
2.9
36.8
73.6
110.3
147.1
0
199.4
149.8
99.7 .
50.1
3.7
o
Exhaus t
flow,
Ib/hr
352
1,031
1,012
1,007
1,007
1,130
352
1,696
1,464
1,472
1,457
1,446
352
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
1.9
8.2
16.2
27.2
38.7
53.7
2.2
82.0
64.5
46.3
30.8
19.8
1.8
CO,
ppm
303
606
532
302
240
738
267
1,685
1,702
720
862
1,120
331
HC,
ppmC
373
633
430
328
452
215
328
266
271
481
526
1,035
418
converters ]
NO *
wux»
ppm
142
94
252
444
584
900
150
943
563
463
254
96
114
CO,
g/hr
46.7
274
236
133
106
366
41.2
1,253
1,092
465
550
710
51.1
HC,
g/hr
28.9
144
95.7
73.7
100
53.4
25.4
99.2
87.3
156
169
329
32.4
N02,*
g/hr
36.0
69.8
184
322
423
732
38.0
1,152
593
491
266
100
28.9
    =Oomposite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=s=

            BSCO        6.07  g/bhp-hr
            BSHC        1.58  g/bhp-hr
            BSN02       5.06  g/bhp-hr
            BSFC         .449 Ib/bhp-hr
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H.O/lb humidity.
        =Test Conditions=
Barometer  739.4 mmHg
Humidity  75 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches H20
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches H20
Inlet air temperature 71° F
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,354° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 10.1 pet

-------
                   TABLE B-7. - Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 782 engine hours.
733 hours with retarded timing and fiGR,
and 636 hours on catalysts-Continued
[Exhaust sampled downstream of catalytic converters]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr

1
1
1
1
1

2
2
2
2
2

575
,680
,680
,680
,680
,680
575
,800
,800
,800
,800
,800
575
0
2.9
36.8
73.6
110.3
147.1
0
199.4
149.8
99.7
50.1
3.7
0
352
1,031
1,012
1,007
1,007
1,130
352
1,696
1,464
1,472
1,457
1,446
352
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
1.9
8.2
16.2
27.2
38.7
53.7
2.2
82.0
64.5
46.3
30.8
19.8
1.8
CO,
ppm
285
601
35
12
17
16
217
32
25
37
30
74
326
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=
BSCO 0.62 g/bhp-hr
BSHC .56 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.12 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .449 Ib/bhp-hr
HC,
ppmC
288
684
147
68
51
51
237
79
74
102
25
368
305
NO *
nux,
ppm
134
98
290
435
548
900
178
954
586
449
278
103
104
CO,
g/hr
44.0
272
15.5
5.30
7.50
7.92
33.5
23.8
16.0
23.9
19.2
46.9
50.3
HC,
g/hr
22.3
155
32.7
15.1
11.3
12.7
18.4
29.5
23.8
33.0
8.01
117
23.6
NO 2,*
g/hr
34.0
72.7
211
315
397
732
45.1
1,165
618
476
292
107
26.4
=Test Conditions=
Barometer 739.4 mmHg
Humidity 75 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 23 inches 1^0
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches HgO
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
Inlet air temperature 71° F
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,354° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 10.1 pet

-------
                            TABLE  B-8.  -  Gaseous  emissions  for  diesel  engine at  893 engine hours.
Ln
' 844 hours





and
with retarded timing and EGR^
747 hours on catalysts
[Exhaust sampled upstream of
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr
575
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
575
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
575

2
36
73
110
146

198
149
99
50
3

=Composite Cycle
BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC
0
.9
.8
.3
.0
.2
0
.9
.8
.7
.1
.7
0
355
1,014
1,023
1,034
1,018
1,141
355
1,713
1,478
1,470
1,456
1,444
355
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
1.2
7.2
16.7
27.3
39.2
52.8
1.1
80.7
63.8
45.2
31.0
18.8
1.2
CO,
ppm
281
532
512
276
223
593
300
1,606
1,812
833
884
1,057
323
Emissions, 13-mode cycle=
6.03 g/bhp-hr
1.64 g/bhp-hr
5.70 g/bhp-hr
.442 Ib/bhp-hr
catalytic converters]
HC,
ppmC
391
621
467
321
433
188
314 .
237
251
614
614
1,018
537
NOx,*
ppm
153
104
320
544
663
1,001
174
977
620
493
317
115
140
CO,
g/hr
43.7
236
230
125
99.5
297
46.7
1,206
1,174
537
564
669
50.3
HC, N02,*
g/hr g/hr
30.5
139
105
73.0
97.0
47.2
24.5
89.3 1,
81.6
199
197
323
41.9
=Test Conditions=
Barometer 747.4 mmHg
Humidity 64 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches H20
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches
39.1
75.9
236
405
486
822
44.5
205
660
522
332
120
35*8
H20
         *NOx data are corrected to 75 grains  H.O/lb  humidity.
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,344° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.6 pet

-------
                      TABLE  B-8.  - Gaseous emissions  for diesel engine at  893 engine hours,
844 hours with retarded timing and EGR,
and 747 hours on catalysts -Continued
[Exhaust sampled downstream of
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr

1
1
1
1
1

2
2
2
2
2

575
,680
,680
,680
,680
,680
575
,800
,800
,800
,800
,800
575
0
2.9
36.8
73.3
110.0
146.2
0
198.9
149.8
99.7
50.1
3.7
0
355
1-.014
1,023
1,034
1,018
1,141
355
1,713
1,478
1,470
1,456
1,444
355
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
1.2
7.2
16.7
27.3
39.2
52.8
1.1
80.7
63.8
45.2
31.0
18.8
1.2
CO,
ppm
277
508
47
21
33
33
268
52
57
63
55
92
313
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=
BSCO 0.70 g/bhp-hr
BSHC .62 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.75 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .442 Ib/bhp-hr
catalytic converters]
HC, NO,,*
ppmC PpiH
321
628
209
77
77
63 1
258
91
98
112
140
314
321
138
101
325
516
663
,001
163
999
632
520
317
123
130
CO,
g/hr
43.1
226
21.1
9.52
14.7
16.5
41.7
39.0
36.9
40.6
35.1
58.2
48.7
HC,
g/hr
25.1
140
47.0
17.5
17.2
15.8
20.1
34.3
31.9
36.2
44.8
99.8
25.1
N02,*
g/hr
35.3
73.7
239
384
486
822
41.7
1,232
673
550
332
128
33.2
—Test Conditions=
Barometer 747.4 mmHg
Humidity 64 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches 1^0
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches H^O
Tnlef- air f-emneraf-iire 71° F
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
   X                                  £•
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,344° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.6 pet

-------
                   TABLE B-9. - Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at 1.018 engine hours,

969 hours
and
with retarded timing and EGR,
872 hours on catalysts
[Exhaust sampled upstream of catalytic converter]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr

1
1
1
1
1

2
2
2
2
2


575
,680
,680
,680
,680
,680
575
,800
,800
,800
,800
,800
575

0
2.9
36.8
73.6
110.3
147.1
0
200.4
150.3
100.2
50.1
3.7
0
*
352
1,033
1,015
1,009
1,010
1,133
353
1,702
1,493
1,475
1,460
1,450
353

Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
1.6
7.8
16.1
26.3
38.7
53.4
1.8
82.1
62.6
44.2
29.1
19.6
2.0

CO,
ppm
285
576
513
273
214
679
280
1,982
2,189
919
841
1,142
335

=Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=
BSCO 6.77 g/bhp-hr
BSHC 1.60 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.36 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .439 Ib/bhp-hr
HC,
ppmC
361
633
436
313
421
170
296
215
235
546
554
1,162
404

NOX,* CO,
ppm g/hr
142
95
277
479
627
989
164
966
592
472
270
104
127

44.0
261
228
121
94.7
337
43.3
1,479
1,432
594
538
726
51.8

HC,
g/hr
28.0
144
97.4
69.5
93.5
42.4
23.0
80.5 1
77.2
177
178
371
31.4

==Test Conditions=
Barometer 739.2 mmHg
Humidity 70 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches H20
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches
Tw» 1 »•»*• ** -I v* *.*UHM.s*«»n *•••«•«« "Trt° T?
N02>*
g/hr
36.0
70.7
202
348
456
807
41.7
,184
636
501
284
109
32.3

H20
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H.O/lb humidity.
   X                                  £•
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,366° F

EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.4 pet

-------
                          TABLE B-9.  • Gaseous  emissions  for diesel engine at 1.018 engine hours.
00
969 hours with retarded timing and EGR,

and 872
hours
on catalysts-Continued
[Exhtust sampled downstream of catalytic converters]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine
speed,
rpm

1
1
1
1
1

2
• 2
2
2
2

575
,680
,680
,680
,680
,680
575
,800
,800
,800
,800
,800
575
Observed Exhaust
power, flow,
bhp Ib/hr
0
2.9
36.8
73.6
110.3
147.1
0
200.4
150.3
100.2
50.1
3.7
0
352
1,033
1,015
1,009
1,010
1,133
353
1,702
1,493
1,475
1,460
1,450
353
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
1.6
7.8
16.1
26.3
38.7
53.4
1.8
82.1
62.6
44.2
29.1
19.6
2.0
CO,
ppm
259
556
104
9
17
20
262
36
33
54
47
118
307
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=
BSCO 0.70 g/bhp-hr
BSHC .65 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.41 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .439 Ib/bhp-hr
HC,
ppmC
233
640
270
77
73
58
227
65
65
120
124
456
285
NOX,* CO,
ppm g/hr
148
103
308
487
608
973
176
965
594
463
300
111
150
40.0
252
46.3
3.98
7.53
9.93
40.5
26.9
21.6
34.9
30.1
75.0
47.5
HC,
g/hr
18.0
145
60.3
17.1
16.2
14.5
17.6
24.3 1
21.3
38.9
39.8
145
22.1
N02,*
g/hr
37.5
76.6
225
354
442
794
44.7
,183
639
492
315
116
38.1
=^Test Conditions=
Barometer 739.2 mmHg
Humidity 70 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches H20
Maximum exhaust back pressure 34 inches H»0
      *NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H.O/lb humidity.
         X                                  fc
          temperature
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,366° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.4 pet

-------
                     TABLE  B-10.  • Gaseous  emissions  for diesel engine  at  1.135 engine  hours.




1
.086 hours with retarded timing and EGR,
and 989 hours on catalysts
[Exhaust sampled upstream of catalytic converters]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr

1
1
1
1
1

2
2
2
2
2

575
,680
,680
,680
,680
,680
575
,800
,800
,800
,800
,800
575
0
2,9
35.8
71.7
107.5
143.3
0
191.9
143.9
96.0
48.0
3.7
0
356
1,013
1,006
1,006
1,018
1,142
356
1,712
1,476
1,459
1,444
1,434
383
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.3
7.5
17.5
27.9
40.2
55.6
2.7
82.2
63.2
46.5
31.9
21.4
2.7
CO,
ppm
335
602
502
275
248
787
275
1,940
2,052
1,056
915
1,202
293
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 13-mode cycle=
BSCO 7.14 g/bhp-hr
BSHC 1.40 g/bhp-hr
BSN02 5.21 g/bhp-hr
BSFC .474 Ib/bhp-hr
HC,
ppmC
268
590
450
322
359
166
327
188
236
556
562
602
390
NOX,* CO,
ppm g/hr
128
93
265
473
730
866
139
878
531
414
276
97
113
52.1
267
221
121
111
394
42.9
1,456
1,328
675
579
756
49.2
HC,
g/hr
21.0
131
99.7
71.2
80.5
41.8
25.6
70.7 1
76.6
178
178
190
32.8
=Test Condi tions=
Barometer 744 mmHg
Humidity 65 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches H20
Maximum exhaust back pressure 35 inches
T** 1 A 4- n 4 w» 4- *%••». A «nn *-* i w* A "T A ** I?
N02,*
g/hr
32.9
67.9
192
342
535
712
35.5
,083
564
435
287
100
31.2
H20
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
   X                                  £,
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,361° F

EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.7 pet

-------
                 TABLE B-10. - Gaseous emissions for diesel engine at  1.135 engine hours.
1.086 hours
with retarded timing and EGR,
and 989 hours on catalysts -Continued
[Exhaust sampled
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine
speed,
rpm

1
1
1
1
1

2
2
2
2
2

575
,680
,680
,680
,680
,680
575
,800
,800
,800
,800
,800
575
=Composite


BSCO
BSHC
BSNO
BSFC
Observed Exhaust
power, flow,
bhp Ib/hr
0
2.9
35.8
71.7
107.5
143.3
0
191.9
143.9
96.0
48.0
3.7
0
356
1,013
1,006
1,006
1,018
1,142
356
1,712
1,476
1,459
1,444
1,434
383
Cycle Emissions, 13-mode
2
0.75 g/bhp-hr
.63 g/bhp-hr
5.24 g/bhp-hr
.474 Ib/bhp-hr
downstream of catalytic converters]
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
2.3
7.5
17.5
27.9
40.2
55.6
2.7
82,2
63.2
46.5
31.9
21.4
2.7
cycle=
CO,
ppm
316
596
78
26
28
28
257
44
41
63
47
82
298
HC,
ppmC
209
574
320
182
70
48
247
48
86
103
115
304
298
NOX,* CO,
ppm g/hr
125 49.2
98 264
270 34.4
464 11.2
734 12.7
844 13.9
131 40.1
878 33.1
527 26.5
432 40.0
272 29.6
129 51.8
113 50.0
HC,
g/hr
16.
128
70.
40.
15.
12.
19.
18.
27.
33.
36.
95.
25.
3

8
3
7
1
3
1 1
9
1
5
9
1
N02,*
g/hr
32.4
71.3
195
336
538
694
33.6
,083
560
454
283
133
31.2
=Test Conditions=
Barometer 744 mmHg
Humidity 65 grains H_0/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches 1^0
Maximum exhaust back pressure 35 inches
H20
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
   x                                  2
Inlet air temperature 70° F
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,361° F
EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 9.7 pet

-------
                  TABLE B-ll.  - Gaseous  emissions  for  diesel  engine  at  1,210 engine  hours,




1.
161 hours with retarded timing and EGR,
and 1,064 hours on catalysts
[Exhaust sampled upstream of
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Engine
speed,
rpm
600
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
600
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
600
=Composite
BSCO
BSHC
BSNO
Observed
power ,
bhp

2
36
72
108
143

197
148
98
49
3.

Cycle
2
0
.9
.1
.0
.1
.9
0
.2
.2
.6
.6
.7
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
352
1,031
1,039
1,051
1,034
1,157
352
1,723
1,259
1,525
1,510
1,500
351
Emissions, 13-mode
6.16 g/bhp-hr
1.81 g/bhp-hr
5.05 g/bhp-hr
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
1.8
8.0
16.4
27.8
38.2
53.8
1.8
80.8
61.2
44.2
29.8
19.6
1.3
cycle=
CO,
ppm
276
616
532
298
249
884
294
1,860
1,542
704
838
1,037
309
catalytic
HC,
ppmC
,382
637
434
440
475
371
376
347
423
492
544
1,019
425
converters]
NOX>*
ppm
143
100
271
498
584
882
177
861
536
431
260
103
135
CO,
g/hr
42.6
278
242
137
113
448
45.4
1,405
851
471
555
682
47.5
HC,
g/hr
29.6
144
99.2
102
108
94.4
29.1
132
117
165
181
336
32.8
= =Test Condi tions=
Barometer 742.1 mmHg
Humidity 61 grains H20/lb dry air
Maximum inlet restriction 24 inches
Maximum exhaust back nressure 34 int
N02,*
g/hr
36.2
74.2
203
377
435
735
44.9
1,068
486
473
283
111
34.1
H20
:hes H~0
             BSFC
.446 Ib/bhp-hr
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains K 0/lb humidity.
   X                                  f.
                                         2^
Inlet air temperature 72° F

Maximum exhaust temperature 1,250° F

EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 10.7 pet
 NOTE.-New  injectors  installed and  reset injection timing from 3.5° retarded to 3° retarded.

-------
                             TABLE B-ll. - Gaseous emissions for dlesel engine at 1,210 engine hours.
to




1,
161 hours with
retarded timing and EGR,
and 1,064 hours on catalysts-Continued
[Exhaust sampled downstream of catalytic converters]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Engine Observed Exhaust
speed, power, flow,
rpm bhp Ib/hr
600
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
1,680
600
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
2,800
600

2
36
72
108
143

197
148
98
49
3

=Composite Cycle
BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC
0
.9
.1
.0
.1
.9
0
.2
.2
.6
.6
.7
0
352
1,031
1,039
1,025
1,007
1,130
352
1,722
1,541
1,524
1,483
1,473
352
Emissions, 13-mode
0.73 g/bhp-hr
.70 g/bhp-hr
5.08 g/bhp-hr
.446 Ib/bhp-hr
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
1.9
8.0
16.3
29.2
38.0
53.3
1.8
80.4
61.2
43.8
30.0
19.3
1.8
cycle—
CO,
ppm
248
561
104
17
29
32
200
41
45
46
30
130
258
HC,
ppmC
320
628
271
108
101
86
271
98
98
111
108
390
310
NOX,* CO,
ppm g/hr
169
100
269
467
552
866
162
856
536
430
280
114
131
38.3
254
47.4
7.64
12.8
15.8
30.9
30.9
30.4
30.7
19.5
83.9
39.8
HC,
g/hr
24.8
142
61.9
24.4
22.4
21.4
21.0
37.1
33.2
37.2
35.2
126
24.0
=Test Conditions=:
Barometer 742 mmHg
Humidity 64 grains H20/lb dry
Maximum inlet restriction 24
Maximum exhaust back pressure
TM 1 f\ «- ** 4 w 4-ftmw.A v .1 «-.«•«- SI "I O ** V
N02>*
g/hr
42.8
74.2
201
345
400
705
41.1
1,061
595
472
299
121
33.2
air
inches H20
34 inches
           *NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H^O/lb humidity.
              X                                  £.
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,249° F

EGR rate at 75 pet load and rated speed 10.7 pet
           NOTE.-New injectors installed and reset injection timing from 3.5° retarded to 3° retarded.

-------
APPENDIX C.--BASELINE EMISSIONS DATA FOR THE GASOLINE ENGINE
                              73

-------
V
                TABLE  C-l.  -  Baseline emissions  (23-mode cycle)  for gasoline engine'adjusted to manufacturer's
^ sS specifications (no EGR. no
manifold air injection, and no
catalystsl


/S [Test No. 1—18 engine hours]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Engine
speed,
rpm
Idle
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
Idle
1,200
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
Idle
2,300
Observed Manifold Exhaust
power, vacuum, flow,
bhp " Hg Ib/hr
0
1.1
4.3
9.6
13.2
26.5 ,
39.7
43.4
48.6
53.0
0
0
109.0
100.3
89.3
81.9
54.3
27.2
19.7
8.8
2.2
0
0
18.0
19.5
18.5
17.5
16.0
10.5
4.0
3.0
2.5
0
18.0
22.5
1.0
3.0
4.0
7.0
11.5
16.0
17.3
19.5
20.5
18.0
22.0
91
141
153
164
167
257
336
376
390
441
83
87
831
723
708
654
494
379
322
277
246
92
177
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 23-mode






BSCO 47
BSHC 7
BSN02 8
.8
.25
.57
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
Fuel , Ignition
flow, timing,
Ib/hr ° btc
5.6
8.5
9.1
10.0
10.1
14.9
19.6
22.5
25.1
32.8
5.1
5.2
61.8
49.0
44.5
41.7
30.5
23.1
19.4
16.4
14.4
5.6
10.7
cycle= \a
ee gl'io
tk- 3./8
>46v "*•«•*
0
15
15
15
15
14
5
6.5
6.5
6.5
0
6
15
15
15
16
25
24.5
24
24
24
0
24
CO,
pet
0.48
.71
.35
.50
.39
.16
.16
.21
.97
5.10
.41
.54
5.00
1.94
.44
.53
.51
.39
.28
.20
.16
.36
.39
HC, NOx,*
ppmC ppffl
1,506 75
3,954 85
1,294 137
1,247 255
1,341 383
1,412 960
871 1,228
1,035 1,534
1,577 1,543
2,542 873
1,271 77
38,241 17
2..118 955
1,694 1,380
741 1,840
1,012 1,779
918 1,747
435 774
212 513
118 267
106 175
1,294 74
10,296 68
CO,
g/hr
193.8
445.2
240.4
363.9
291.3
182.3
239.0
355.2
1,695.2
9,952.8
151.8
208.3
18,529.3
6,284.3
1,387.5
1,554.1
1,055.7
659.8
401.7
246.1
175.9
149.3
309.4
HC,
g/hr
30.1
122.7
44.0
44.9
49.6
79.7
64.4
86.7
136.4
245.6
23.3
730.4
388.6
271.7
115.7
146.9
94.1
36.4
15.1
7.2
5.8
26.6
404.3
N02,*
g/hr
4.9
8.7
15.4
30.5
47.0
180.0
301.6
426.4
443.2
280.1
4.7
1.1
581.8
734.8
953.8
857.4
594.2
215.3
121.0
54.1
31.6
5.0
8.9
1 fvtctCc =Test Conditions=
Barometer 740.0 mmHg
Humidity 48.8 grains

Inlet
air temperature
H20/lb dry
75° F
air



                      BSFC
.691 Ib/bhp-hr
Max. exhaust temperature  1,474° F
       NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H_0/lb humidity.

-------
              TABLE  C-l.  • Baseline emissions (23-mode cycle) for gasoline engine adjusted to manufacturer's
Ul
specifications (no EGR

Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23

Engine
speed,
rpm
Idle
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
Idle
1,200
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
Idle
2,300


[Test
Observed Manifold Exhaust
power, vacuum, flow,
bhp " Hg Ib/hr
0
1.1
4.3
9.6
13.2
26.5
39.7
43.4
48.6
53.0
0
0
109.0
100.3
89.3
81.9
54.3
27.2
19.7
8.8
2.2
0
0
17.0
19.6
18.7
17.4
16.4
11.4
5.5
3.8
2.2
.5
18.0
21.8
1.0
3.3
3.8
5.6
11.4
16.2
17.7
19.3
20.5
17.9
22.6
82
144
153
164
199
251
318
365
415
428
83
81
832
756
727
673
504
352
341
338
256
84
166
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 23-mode








BSCO 42
BSHC 8
BSN02 9
BSFC
.1
.14
.20
.697
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
Ib/bhp-hr
, no manifold air
No. 2--21 engine
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
4.9
8.4
8.9
9.9
11.9
14.6
18.6
22.0
26.2
31.9
5.1
5.0
62.3
50.3
45.7
42.9
31.2
21.4
20.5
20.0
15.0
5.1
10.2
cycle= i
inlection, and no catalysts) "Continued
hours]
Ignition
timing, CO, HC,
0 btc pet ppmC
0
15
15
15
15
15
6
6
7
7
0
6
15
15
15
15
25
25
24
24
24
0
24
0.32 2,035
.39 5,332
.21 1,212
.41 1,309
.25 1,212
.12 1,504
.19 1,042
.21 1,139
.77 1,527
5.06 2,715
'.48 1,503
.59 44,838
5.06 2,230
1.32 1,575
.38 763
.47 945
.44 933
.32 424
.21 218
.16 109
.14 133
.28 1,842
.48 15,451

NOX,*
ppm
66
88
133
281
436
1,045
1,166
1,755
l.«02
851
80
22
950
1,692
1,868
1,707
1,604
723
528
312
195
77
61

CO,
g/hr
116.9
248.9
141.4
292.2
216.7
133.2
268.3
337.8
1,436.3
9,723.8
178.2
210.7
18,817.1
4,476.6
1,237.3
1,423.3
996.7
504.0
320.7
241.1
161.3
105.2
356.9

HC,
36.8
168.5
40.4
46.2
52.0
82.7
72.8
90.7
141.0
258.3
27.6
792.6
410.5
264.4
123.0
141.7
104.6
33.1
16.5
8.1
7.6
34.3
568.7

N02,*
8/hr
4.0
9.2
14.8
33.0
62.1
190.6
270.6
464.0
491.2
268.7
4.9
1.3
577.6
942.9
999.7
849.7
597.2
187.1
132.6
77.2
36.9
4.7
7.5
} »*crtCt =Test Conditions=
%O*4fT Barometer 740.0



3 <4(a
1'£V
.LL
Humidity 52 .
0 grains Ho
0/lb dry
air

Inlet air temperature 76° F
Max. exhaust
temperature
1,481°
F

     *NO
data are corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.

-------
        TABLE C-l. - Baseline emissions (23-mode cycle) for gasoline engine adjusted to manufacturer's
specifications (no EGR,
no manifold air injection, and no catalysts) -Continued
[Test No. 3—24 engine hours]
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Engine
speed,
rpm
Idle
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
Idle
1,200
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
Idle
2,300
Observed Manifold Exhaust
power, vacuum, flow,
bhp " Hg Ib/hr
0
1.1
4.3
9.6
13.2
26.5
39.7
43.4
48.6
53.0
0
0
109.0
100.3
89.3
81.9
54.3
27.2
19.7
8.8
2.2
0
0
17.5
19.5
19.0
17.5
16.0
11.0
6.0
3.5
2.5
0
18.0
22.5
1.0
3.5
4.0
6.0
11.5
16.0
17.5
19.0
20.0
18.0
22.5
85
130
152
174
194
264
326
399
394
414
79
81
806
743
717
680
505
368
313
299
238
90
172
=Composite Cycle Emissions, 23-mode








BSCO 43
BSHC 8
BSN02 9
BSFC
.4
.84
.20
.696
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
Ib/bhp-hr
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.1
7.7
8.9
10.7
11.7
15.4
19.7
24.2
25.0
30.8
4.8
4.9
59.8
49.9
45.0
43.1
31.1
22.3
18.8
17.6
13.9
5.4
11.0
cycle=
Ignition
timing, CO, HC,
0 btc pet ppmC
0
15
15
15
15
15
6
6
7
7
0
6
15
15
15
15
25
24
23.5
24
23.5
0
24
0.32 1,836
.48 6,365
- .28 1,469
.48 1,420
.32 1,469
.12 1,567
.37 1,248
.19 1,248
.84 1,640
4.94 2,791
.35 1,714
.53 44,064
4.76 2,154
1.60 1,689
.40 734
.44 857
.48 894
.34 416
.28 269
.19 110
.16 147
.32 1,958
.51 21,420
ppm
75
96
141
290
431
1,104
1,230
1,874
1,606
"898
79
18
998
1,617
1,843
1,741
1,609
744
544
315
189
76
64
CO,
g/hr
120.8
281.3
190.6
376.8
278.0
142.9
544.7
342.2
1,498.6
9,226.5
125.1
192.1
17,434.1
5,359.3
1,291.5
1,342.8
1,090.8
545.3
392.1
253.2
170.8
127.8
390.0
HC,
g/hr
34.. 3
184.6
49.5
55.2
63.2
92.4
91.0
111.3
144.8
258.1
30.3
790.5
390.6
. 280.1
117.3
129.5
100.6
33.0
18.6
7.3
7.8
38.7
810.9
N02,*
g/hr
4.6
9.2
15.8
37.4
61.5
216.0
297.7
554.9
471.1
275.7
4.7
1.1
600.9
890.4
978.2
873.4
601.0
196.1
125.1
69.0
33.2
5.0
8.0
1 3 i*w«Lc. =Test Conditions=
1
-------
TABLE C-2. - Baseline emissions (23-mode cycle) for gasoline engine equipped with
emission controls (standard ignition timing, manifold air in lection,
two platinum pelleted type catalysts, and
[Test No. 1—80 engine hours and 15 hours on
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Engine
speed,
rpm
Idle
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
Idle
1,200
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
Idle
2,300
Observed
power,
bhp
0
0.9
3.9
8.9
12.3
24.7
36.8
40.2
45.2
49.1
0
0
107.7
99.0
88.5
81.0
53.9
27.2
19.3
8.8
2.2
0
0
=Composite Cycle




*NOx




BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC
Manifold Exhaust Fuel Ignition _Q
vacuum, flow, flow, timing, '
" Hg Ib/hr Ib/hr ° btc pcc
18.0
20.5
19.0
17.5
17.5
6.5
4.0
2.0
2.0
1.5
18.5
23.0
1.0
2.5
3.0
4.0
9.0
13.0
14.0
16.5
18.5
18.5
22.5
116
210
221
219
238
372
436
451
468
470
111
147
949
863
863
815
632
503
479
403
380
124
280
5.6
8.5
9.3
10.2
11.3
19.0
23.0
24.3
26.2
28.0
5.4
5.7
63.5
52.5
48.5
46.5
33.5
25.2
23.3
18,5
16.7
6.0
11.0
0
14
16
15
15
8
8
8
8
8
0
7
15
15
15
15
24
24
24
24
24
0
24
0.01
.01
.01
.01
.01
.005
.006
.01
.02
.06
.01
.005
1.96
.04
.007
.007
.006
.006
.006
.005
.005
.01
.007
Emissions, 23-mode cycle=,3/u^
-------
                         TABLE C-2. - Baseline emissions (23-mode cycle)  for gasoline  engine  equipped with
-j
oo
emission controls (standard ignition timing, manifold



two
platinum
pelleted type catalysts,
[Test No. 2— 100 engine hours and 35
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
Engine
speed,
rpm
Idle
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
Idle
1,200
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
2,300
Idle
2,300
Observed
power ,
bhp •
0
0.9
3.9
8.9
12.3
24.7
36.8
40.2
45.2
49.1
0
0
107.3
98.5
88.0
80.6
53.4
26.7
19.3
8.3
2.2
0
0
Manifold
vacuum ,
" Hg
18.5
21.0
19.5
17.5
17.0
6.0
4.0
3.0
2.0
0
19.0
23.0
1.0
2.5
3.0
4.5
9.0
13.0
14.5
16.5
18.5
19.0
22.5
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
124
193
215
226
254
376
524
455
527
485
126
156
958
856
861
810
636
507
473
401
374
122
271
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.0
8.2
9.2
10.0
11.9
19.1
27.8
24.2
29.0
33.2
6.0
6.0
63.6
50.0
48.0
45.0
33.3
25.0
22.6
18.3
16.2
5.8
10.5
Ignition
timing,
0 btc
0
15
15
15
15
8
8
8
8
7
0
15
15
15
15
15
24
24
24
24
24
0
24
air iniection,
, and 10 pet EGR) -Continued
hours on emission controls]
pet
0.01
.009
.008
.006
.009
.006
.007
.008
.02
2.42
.01
.007
1.76
.01
.001
.009
.008
.007
.007
.006
.006
.008
.008
HC,
ppmC
115
497
202
104
75
35
46
87
98
548
92
854
248
17
17
11
11
17
35
115
231
115
693
NOX>*
19
72
75
145
275
347
767
1,008
1,066
458
21
24
730
1,587
1,486
1,217
676
224
147
110
85
21
45
CO,
g/hr
5.20
7.82
7.47
6.19
9.75
10.2
17.2
16.3
49.0
•5,266
6.62
4.67
7,514
48.3
36.6
30.0
21.6
15.6
14.6
11.0
10.3
4.25
9.25
HC,
g/hr
3.19
21.4
9.58
5.23
4.21
2.93
5.36
8.77
11.4
59.0
2.56
29.5
52.4
3.18
3.21
1.90
1.51
1.93
3.73
10.3
19.3
3.14
42.4
N02>*
g/hr
1.75
10.3
11.8
24.2
51.3
96.5
297
337
413
164
1.94
2.75
512
985
932
698
308
84.4
52.0
32.6
23.6
1.91
9.13
                =Composite Cycle Emissions, 23-mode
                        BSCO      8.14  g/bhp-hr      Jl. 1%
                        BSHC       .47  g/bhp-hr       «-,«/«/
                        BSN02     7.62  g/bhp-hr
                        BSFC       .764 Ib/bhp-hr

            *NOx data are corrected to 75 grains HjO/lb humidity.
         =Test Conditions=
Barometer  748.8 mmHg
Humidity  51.0 grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 74° F
Maximum exhaust temperature 1,419° F
Maximum catalyst temperature 1,550° F
Maximum exhaust back pressure 23 inches H~o

-------
                TABLE C-3. - Baseline emissions (9-mode cycle)  for  gasoline  engine  adjusted
                                      to manufacturer's specifications  (no EGR. no
                                       manifold air in lection,  and  no catalysts)

                                       [Test No. 1--27 engine hours]
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4.
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
83
359
496
325
234
337
676
321
151
83
352
497
332
228
333 '
676
311
155
80
340
492
319
232
333
668
324
149
80
338
492
332
234
332
683
324
152
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.0
21.3
30.0
19.6
14.0
20.1
43.8
19.8
9.8
5.0
20.9
30.1
20.0
13.6
20.0
44.1
19.6
10.0
5.0
19.9
30.0
19.3
14.0
20.0
43.3
20.0
9.7
5.0
20.1
30.0
20.1
14.0
20.0
44.0
20.0
9.8
A/F
15.6
15.8
15.5
15.6
15.7
15.8
14.4
15.2
14.4
15.6
15.8
15.5
15.6
15.8
15.7
14.3
14.9
14.4
15.0
16.1
15.4
15.6
15.6
15.7
14.4
15.2
14.4
15.0
15.8
15.4
15.5
15.7
15.6
14.5
15.2
14.5
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.32
.30
.32
.32
.28
.25
1.39
.38
1.09
.32
.32
.32
.34
.21
.27
1.42
.37
1.02
.52
.25
.36
.32
.22
.32
1.28
.38
1.02
.52
.28
.34
.34
.25
.35
1.23
.38
.96
co2
11.66
11.69
11.85
11.85
11.67
11.68
11.48
11.86
10.96
11.66
11.69
11.89
11.86
11.68
11.81
11.52
12.65
11.07
12.07
11.61
11.88
11.89
11.85
11.74
11.53
11.85
11.29
12.07
11.68
11.88
11.89
12.06
11.86
11.54
11.86
11.08
HC,
ppmC
1,804
1,182
1,454
955
403
963
1,379
1,007
8,211
1,804
942
1,347
832
307
845
1,314
876
7,664
1,314
942
1,314
854
285
854
1,139
854
7,116
1314
920
1336
832
285
821
1314
854
7,401
NOX,*
ppm
77
850
1,918
950
365
923
1,367
1,048
143
77
846
1,918
979
346
964
1,412
1,033
143
85
848
1,902
1,036
378
941
1,348
1,036
152
•85
888
1,955
1,009
480
984
1,444
1,033
152

CO
119
483
706
463
301
378
4,291
554
764
119
502
707
512
221
411
4,401
503
731
189
377
800
455
233
478
3,923
560
699
189
430
761
512
256
524
3;834
560
673
grams /hr
ric
33.6
94.4
160
69.2
21.3
73.0
211
73.3
283
33.6
73.8
149
61.5
15.9
63.0
201
59.4
270
23.4
71.1
145
60.8
15.0
63.8
173
69.9
240
23.4
69.6
147
61.6
14.7
60.6
203
62.9
257
N02*
4.76
255
704
229
64.1
232
693
253
16.4
4.76
220
705
240
59.5
239
718
233
16.7
5.06
213
695
245
65.8
234
680
254
17.0
5.06
223
715
248
82.1
241
742
253
17.6
    =Composite Cycle Emissions:
          =9-mode cycle=
    BSCO       33.4    g/bhp-hr
    BSHC        4.11   g/bhp-hr
    BSNO,      10.0    g/bhp-hr
    BSFC         .702 Ib/bhp-hr
=Test Conditions=
Barometer  749.5 mmHg
Humidity    43.0 grains H,0/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 75° F
N0x data are corrected to 75 grains H.0/lb humidity.
                                                   79

-------
                TABLE C-3.
- Baseline emis8ions (9-mode cycle) for gasoline engine adjusted
      to manufacturer's specifications (no EGR.  no manifold
                          and no catalysts)-Continued
                                      air injection

                                        [Test No. 2--29 engine hours]
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








A
4







Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
A
5
6
7
g
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

9
i
L
2
3
4
s
j
7
/
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
o
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
97
386
508
350
252
352
688
331
151
97
357
509
349
252
349
692
329
158
101
357
513
349
252
351
681
343
155
101
381
510
348
253
350
691
337
157
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.0
22.8
30.8
21.1
15.0
21.0
45.2
20.2
9.8
6.0
21.2
30.8
21.0
15.0
21.0
45.0
20.2
10.2
6.3
21.0
31.0
21.0
15.0
21.0
44.2
21.0
9.8
6.3
22.3
30.9
21.0
15.0
21.0
45.2
20.6
10.0
A/F
15.1
15.9
15.5
15.6
15.8
15.7
14.2
15.4
14.4
15.1
15.8
15.5
15.6
15.8
15.6
14.4
15.3
14.5
15.0
16.0
15.5
15.6
15.8
15.7
14.4
15.3
14.8
15.0
16.1
15.5
15.6
15.9
15.6
14.3
15.4
14.6
Emissions
Volume p
CO
0.53
.33
.34
.33
.24
.32
1.65
.42
1.16
.53
.30
.34
.34
.18
.32
1.42
.38
1.13
.57
.26
.33
.34
.22
.31
1.38
.40
.83
.57
.34
.33
.32
.21
.31
1.52
.42
1.04
ercent
co2
12.09
11.84
12.04
11.94
11.80
11.91
11.57
12.01
11.12
12.09
11.72
11.96
11.90
11.83
11.86
11.67
11.91
11.30
11.99
11.70
11.95
11.94
11.85
11.84
11.53
11.92
11.11
11.99
11.74
11.94
11.90
11.69
11.76
11.66
11.87
11.27
HC,
ppmC
1,596
1,162
1,419
931
364
887
1,375
887
6,790
1,596
931
1,330
887
290
843
1.220
812
6..6S2
1,197
976
1,341
871
288
843
1,220.
798
6,650
1,197
953
1,353
820
310
820
1,330
865
6,513
NO *
X
ppm
77
875
1,851
968
373
910
1,391
1,018
152
77
865
1,953
991
374
984
1,450
1,022
151
79
718
1,952
1,006
386
954
1,413
1,033
159
79
804
1,962
1,010
374
955
1,430
1,033
170
grains /hr
CO
230
555
772
509
271
495
5,135
623
807
230
480
778
535
211
497
4,444
564
807
259
422
763
533
250
484
4,294
626
590
259
577
762
509
244
488
4,725
642
733
HC
34.0
97.9
158
72.1
20.5
68.5
211
64.9
232
34.0
73.9
148
68.5
16.4
65.5
188
60.2
235
27.0
77.1
152
67.0
16.2
65.6
188
61.3
235
27.0
79.1
153
63.5
17.7
64.3
205
65.3
228
N02*
5.47
245
686
249
69.7
234
709
247
17.4
5.47
228
729
254
70.2
254
744
252
17.7
5.91
188
734
257
72.0
247
722
264
18.6
5.91
222
736
260
70.9
249
731
259
19.8
=Composite Cycle Emissions=
       =9-mode cycle==
BSCO    36.1   g/bhp-hr
BSHC     3.98  g/bhp-hr
BSNC>2   10.1   g/bhp-hr
BSFC      .737 Ib/bhp-hr
                              =Test Conditions==
                              Barometer  747.A mniHg
                              Humidity    41.7 grains H20/lb dry air
                              Inlet air temperature 74° F
 NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H-0/lb humidity.
                                                   80

-------
              TABLE C-3. - Baseline emissions (9-mode cycle) for gasoline engine ad lusted
                                to manufacturer's specifications (no EGR. no manifold
                                    air infection, and no catalysts)-Continued

                                     [Test No. 3—31 engine hours]
Cycle
No.
1 .








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
84
372
497
335
228
34°8
679
331
148
84
357
507
340
238
346 '
680
329
151
97
341
498
338
239
341
680
330
147
97
347
497
334
242
347
682
331
149
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.2
22.2
30.2
20.2
13.8
20.8
44.6
20.2
9.8
5.2
21.0
30.7
20.5
14.2
20.8
44.2
20.0
9.8
6.0
20.0
30.0
20.3
14.2
20.3
44.1
20.0
9.2
6.0
20.4
30.0
20.0
14.2
20.6
44.0
20.0
9.5
A/F
15.2
15.8
15.4
15.6
15.5
15.8
14.2
15.4
14.2
15.2
16.0
15.5
15.6
15.8
15.6
14.4
15.5
14.4
15.1
16.1
15.6
15.7
15.8
15.8
14.4
15.5
15.0
15.1
16.0
15.6
15.7
16.0
15.8
14.5
15.5
14.7
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.38
.35
.35
.33
.33
.34
1.70
.44
1.13
.38
.28
.33
.35
.26
.32
1.53
.44
1.10
.52
.38
.33
.37
.28
.33
1.47
.40
.89
.52
.33
.34
.34
.24
.33
1.35
.40
.99
co2
11.65
11.70
11.88
11.90
11.89
11.83
11.51
11.93
11.04
11.65
11.70
11.89
11.90
11.92
11.93
11.53
11.89
11.07
12.04
11.71
11.90
11.82
11.92
11.83
11.53
11.89
10.47
12:04
11.62
11.89
11.91
11.94
11.77
11.59
11.89
11.07
HC,
ppmC
2, .081
1..151
1,417
974
398
930
1..416
974
7,747
2, .081
1^107
1..394
907
332
885
1,306
930
8,588
1..417
930
1..417
841
310
830
1, 284
874
9,407
1,417
1,018
1,350
775
266
841
1, 195
885
8,023
NOX*
ppm
76
840
1,827
934
324
802
1..298
1 ,.008
132
76
727
1,943
972
363
972
1..394
1,028
132
76
574
1,953
973
367
353
1,394
1,009
143
76
631
1,943
973
363
936
L.414
L.029
151
grams /hr
CO
150
589
785
501
344
534
5,204
651
782
150
449
759
535
281
489
4,697
648
761
227
571
742
560
300
508
453
598
611
227
520
761
510
254
505
4,162
598
672
HC
40.1
95.3
157
72.4
20.3
71.6
215
71.6
266
40.1
87.2
157
68.4
17.5
67.7
199
67.9
293
30.3
69.3
156
63.1
16.3
62.4
196
64.0
319
30.3
78.2
148
57.0
14.0
64.5
183
64.8
269
N02*
4.86
231
672
230
54.9
205
653
246
15.0
4.86
190
727
243
63.5
247
704
249
14.9
5.40
142
713
242
64.1
88.1
706
246
16.1
5.40
161
710
238
63.7
239
718
250
16.8
=Composite Cycle Emissions
      =9rmode cycle=
BSCO     35.5    g/bhp-hr
BSHC     4.31   g/bhp-hr
BSN02    9-48   g/bhp-hr
BSFC
.713 Ib/bhp-hr
                                              =Test Conditions=
                                              Barometer  747.5 mmHg
                                              Humidity    41.7 grains  H,0/lb  dry  air
                                              Inlet air temperature 74°  F
NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H00/lb humidity.
  x                                   2 c
                                                 81

-------
       TABLE C-4. - Baseline emissions (9-mode cycle) for gasoline engine equipped with
                    emission controls (standard ignition timing, manifold air injection.
                           two platinum pelleted type catalysts, and 10 pet EGR)
                [Test No. 1—82 engine hours and 17 hours on emission controls]
Cycle
No.
1
\







2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaus t
flow,
Ib/hr
123
487
634
478
362
460
777
439
240
123
473
650
478
360
481
786
454
239
108
481
637
450
366
459
787
469
244
108
444
633
479
354
445
786
464
228
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.0
25.2
35.0
24.0
16.6
23.8
46.0
22.8
10.4
6.0
24.2
35.8
24.0
16.5
24.0
46.0
22.6
11.0
5.2
24.8
35.2
23.4
16.8
23.7
46.2
23.4
11.2
5.2
22.8
35.0
24.0
16.2
23.2
45.2
23.2
10.5
A/F
19.6
18.3
17.1
18.9
20.8
18.3
15.9
18.3
22.1
19.6
18.5
17.2
18.9
20.8
19.0
16.1
19.1
20.7
19.7
18.4
17.1
18.2
20.8
18.4
16.0
19.0
20.7
19.7
18.5
17.1
19.0
20.9
18.2
16.4
19.0
20.7
Emissions
Volume t
CO
0.02
.03
.02
.008
.006
.01
.03
.009
.006
0.02
.009
.01
.007
.005
.007
.02
.006
.005
0.007
.01
.02
.007
.005
.008
.08
.006
.005
0.007
.008
.02
.006
.004
.008
.02
.006
.005
ercent
C02
10.01
10.74
11.43
10.35
9.43
10.67
12.26
10.67
8.88
10.01
10.65
11.44
10.35
9.47
10.36
12.20
10.24
10.86
9.95
10.68
11.41
10.77
9.47
10.66
12.08
10.19
10.89
9.95
10.65
11.48
10.36
9.44
10.70
11.90
10.32
10.86
HC,
ppmC
157
117
56
36
44
43
60
17
43
157
47
23
24
30
30
36
15
24
34
35
24
15
22
21
38
13
24
34
29
23
17
21
23
30
13
26
NOX>*
ppm
33
191
620
270
151
268
1,404
301
101
33
232
633
269
133
258
1,461
265
99
60
261
537
306
136
296
1,141
275
97
60
244
526
291
128
311
1,491
280
97
Grams /hr
CO
9.05
62.4
40.6
17.8
9.23
24.5
109
16.8
6.86
9.05
19.2
27.3
14.1
8.12
15.1
82.2
12.0
5.06
3.20
20.4
47.7
15.2
7.98
16.6
291
13.3
4.79
3.20
16.5
46.6
13.8
6.87
16.5
57.8
12.0
4.35
HC
4.25
12.4
7.76
3.78
3.51
4.34
10.2
1.65
2.28
4.25
4.84
3.26
2.52
2.37
3.15
6.14
1.50
1.10
0.805
3.68
3.35
1.48
1.77
2.12
6.54
1.35
1.12
0.805
2.81
3.17
1.79
1.63
2.26
5.16
1.32
1.14
N02*
3.00
67.1
286
94.2
40.0
89.7
791
96.9
17.9
3.00
79.4
298
94.0
34.8
89.9
828
87.9
15.1
4.73
91.2
249
100
36.3
99.0
652
94.9
14.9
4.73
78.5
241
102
33.0
102
852
94.6
14.2
          =Composite Cycle Emissions=
                =9-mode cycle=
          BSCO
          BSHC
          BSN02
          BSFC
1.15  g/bhp-hr
 .11  g/bhp-hr
5.92  g/bhp-hr
 .795 Ib/bhp-hr
          =Test Conditions=

Barometer   740.5 mmHg
Humidity    54.5 grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 79°  F
* NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H.O/lb humidity.
                                                 82

-------
          TABLE C-4. - Baseline emissions (9-mode cycle) for nasoljne engine equipped with
                       emission controls (standard ignition timing, manifold air inlection,
                          two platinum pelleted type catalysts, and 10 pet EGR)-Continued
                   [Test No. 2—83 engine hours and 18 hours on emission controls]
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
- 2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
114
496
641
471
357
464
782
456
242
114
459
652
469
368
457 '
784
436
252
119
456
629
450
357
459
780
429
257
119
456
637
444
353
440
772
459
254
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.5
25.2
35.0
23.4
16.4
23.8
46.2
22.8
10.3
5.5
23.6
35.8
23.2
16.8
23.5
45.8
22.5
11.0
5.7
23.7
34.7
23.3
16.2
24.0
46.0
22.2
11.1
5.7
24.0
35.4
23.0
16.0
22.7
45.2
23.4
11.0
A/F
19.8
18.7
17.3
19.1
20.8
18.5
15.9
19.0
22.5
19.8
18.5
17.2
19.2
20.9
18.5
16.1
18.4
21.9
19.8
18.2
17.1
18.3
21.0
18.1
16.0
18.3
22.2
19.8
18.0
17.0
18.3
21.0
18.4
16.1
18.6
22.1
Emissions
Voluma
CO
0.02
.02
.01
.007
.005
.01
.03
.006
.006
0.02
.001
.009
.006
.004
.008
.02
.006
.004
0.006
.001
.01
.007
.004
.008
.02
.006
.005
0.006
.01
.02
.007
.004
.008
.04
.006
.004
percent
co2
9.74
10.34
11.25
10.20
9.28
10.54
12.14
10.19
8.69
9.74
10.54
11.19
10.16
9.35
10.54
11.95
10.57
8.83
9.78
10.70
11.22
10.53
9.29
10.66
11.97
10.57
8.79
9.78
10.91
11.34
10.57
9.25
10.57
11.95
10.59
8.82
HC,
ppmC
128
122
58
44
43
43
58
26
91
128
44
30
24
46
33
37
13
29
40
38
24
20
30
30
37
15
23
40
46
24
16
41
24
32
17
23
NOX,*
ppm
28
166
625
275
137
264
1,384
264
97
28
249
651
258
134
282
1,447
315
106
52
272
534
316
135
320
1,405
307
101
52
265
568
315
128
297
1,223
307
106
Grams /hr
CO
8.35
54.0
38.5
15.0
8.24
21.1
99.6
13.3
6.56
8.35
19.7
27.1
11.5
7.04
16.3
74.9
11.9
4.90
3.28
20.0
40.5
15.1
6.83
17.2
80.8
11.7
5.29
3.28
26.3
49.0
14.5
7.06
15.0
139
12.5
5.01
HC
3.27
13.4
8.17
4.58
3.45
4.40
9.98
2.64
4.89
3.27
4.46
4.35
2.48
3.75
3.33
6.42
1.25
1.64
1.06
3.81
3.36
2.00
2.37
3.06
6.43
1.43
1.32
1.06
4.58
3.39
1.58
.3.21
2.34
5.47
1.70
1.30
N02*
2.34
60.8
293
94.9
36.4
89.6
791
88.8
17.3
2.34
83.8
313
88.7
36. «
94.6
834
101
19.8
4.54
90.5
248
105
35.3
108
811
96.9
19.3
4.54
87.5
267
103
33.3
95.9
694
102
19.8
          ==Composite Cycle Emissions=
                =9-mode cycle=
          BSCO
          BSHC
          BSN02
          BSFC
0.95  g/bhp-hr
 .12  g/bhp-hr
6.04  g/bhp-hr
 .793 Ib/bhp-hr
          =Test Conditions=

Barometer  740.5 mmHg
Humidity    54.5 grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 79° F
*NO  data are  corrected to 75 grains  HJJ/lb humidity.
                                                83

-------
        TABLE C-4.  - Baseline emissions  (9-mode cycle) for gasoline engine equipped with
                     emission controls  (standard ignition timing, manifold air injection.
                        two  platinum pelleted type catalysts, and 10 pet EGR)-Continued
                 [Test No.  3--105  engine hours and 40 hours on emission controls]
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4









Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0

Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
128
502
642
484
379
467
790
435
255
128
504
617
476
373
468
768
470
258
122
511
624
478
365
460
772
475
262
122
461
645
465
360
481
770
475
261

Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.0
25.0
34.4
24.0
17.0
23.3
43.5
21.8
10.7
6.0
23.0
33.2
23.2
16.5
23.2
42.0
22.8
10.8
5.8
25.2
33.0
24.0
16.0
22.8
44.5
23.0
10.9
5.8
23.0
34.3
22.5
15.8
23.2
42.0
23.0
10.8
A/F
20.4
19.1
17.7
19.2
21.3
19.0
17.2
19.0
22.9
20.4
20.9
17.6
19.5
21.6
19.2
17.3
19.6
22.9
20.0
19.3
17.9
18.9
21.8
19.2
16.4
19.6
23.0
20.0
19.0
17.8
19.7
21.8
19.8
17.3
19.6
23.1
	 1 	 1
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.09
.07
.01
.01
.006
.01
.02
.02
.006
0.09
.008
.02
.006
.005
.008
.02
.006
.005
0.007
.009
.01
;007
.004
.008
.09
.006
.005
0.007
.008
.007
.006
.004
.006
.01
.005
.005

CO 2
9.61
10.36
11.24
10.37
9.45
10.58
11.53
10.50
8.76
9.61
9.64
11.30
10.22
9.31
10.41
11.45
10.19
8.80
10.00
10.41
11.02
10.53
9.23
10.37
12.01
10.19
8.76
10.00
10.54
11.19
10.19
9.25
10.16
11.39
10.19
8.67

HC,
ppntC
1,229
378
71
53
65
53
77
25
84
1,229
118
41
31
41
38
54
22
68
49
76
31
22
46
27
43
21
47
49
35
25
24
41
37
35
24
59

NOX,*
ppm
38
149
505
249
136
228
1,353
287
118
38
92
508
288
126
234
1,297.
261
114
57
210
485
287
126
247
998
248
106
57
184
553
233
128
222
1,190
247
108

Grams /hr
CO
49.7
144
31.2
21.4
10.5
21.1
66.6
30.3
7.18
49.7
17.3
39.9
13.5
8.00
15.5
49.3
12.0
5.77
3.89
20.6
37.3
15.2
7.10
15.1
297
12.1
6.17
3.89
16.0
20.3
11.5
6.72
11.9
47.5
10.8
5.65

HC
34.0
41.0
9.84
5.56
5.29
5.29
13.1
2.35
4.65
34.0
12.7
5.44
3.19
3.29
3.84
8.97
2.23
3.78
1.29
8.33
4.20
2.27
3.61
2.69
7.17
2.15
2.65
1.29
3.46
3.47
2.40
3.18
3.83
5.85
2.46
3.33

N02
3.54
53.8
232
86.7
36.8
75.6
767
89.6
21.7
3.54
33.1
224
77.9
33.6
78.6
715
87.8
21.1
4.95
76.5
218
98.4
32.9
81.6
553
84.3
19.8
4.95
60.5
255
77.5
32.9
76.5
660
84.0
20.3

        =Composite Cycle Emissions=
              =9-mode cycle=
=Test Conditions=
BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC
1.19 g/bhp-hr
.26 g/bhp-hr
5.13 g/bhp-hr
.775 Ib/bhp-hr
Barometer 739.0 mmHg
Humidity 53.9 grains H20/lb
Inlet air temperature 77° F
dry air
NO  data are corrected to 75 grains  H00/lb humidity.
  x                                  2
                                              84

-------
APPENDIX D.-"EMISSION DATA FROM THE DURABILITY TESTS OF
                 THE GASOLINE ENGINE WITH EXHAUST
              SAMPLED UPSTREAM OF CATALYTIC CONVERTERS
                          85

-------
         TABLE D-l. - Emissions (upstream of catalysts)  for gasoline engine at  121  engine hours
                                          and 56 hours on emission controls

Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4









Mode

1
2
3
' 4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
110
518
630
447
341
481
800
437
239
110
488
660
462
336
462
792
424
231
96
473
638
450
336
462
774
414
227
96
478
647
439
331
461
806
432
221
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.3
25.5
34.2
22.2
15.3
23.8
44.8
21.8
10.1
5.3
24.3
35.7
23.0
15.0
22.8
43.8
21.1
9.9
4.7
23.3
34.3
22.4
15.0
23.0
45.0
21.2
9.7
4.7
23.8
35.0
21.8
14.8
23.0
45.0
21.5
9.4

A/F

19.8
19.3
17.4
19.1
21.3
19.2
16.9
19.1
22.6
19.8
19.1
17.5
19.1
21.4
19.3
17.1
19.1
22.3
19.4
19.3
17.6
19.1
21.4
19.1
16.2
18.5
22.4
19.4
19.1
17.5
19.2
21.4
19.1
16.9
19.1
22.5

Volume
CO
0.51
.19
.23
.16
.16
.16
.38
.16
.22
0.51
.21
.20
.16
.15
.16
.28
.16
.20
0.45
.17
.17
.16
.16
.19
.46
.21
.21
0.45
.22
.21
.16
.15
.17
.35
.16
.20

percent
CO 2
9.33
9.90
10.98
10.02
9.02
10.02
11.20
10.08
8.39
9.33
10.16
10.99
10.09
8.98
10.06
11.14
10.08
8.52
9.60
10.10
10.92
10.05
8.89
10.05
11.52
10.42
8.48
9.60
10.16
10.99
10.03
8.98
10.12
11.32
10.05
8.39

up
HL,
ppmC
947
721
338
372
811
455
257
256
676
947
676
259
270
452
361
183
169
857
518
669
282
259
451
372
225
158
676
518
541
228
230
473
366
214
192
789
Emlssio
wn ^
x'
ppm
47
172
533
194
96
211
1,153
218
83
47
176
543
218
101
203
1,171
211
84
47
173
533
222
103
203
1,032
243
87
47
182
562
211
98
205
1,250
212
82
ns
C
CO
248
436
646
323
248
346
1,350
315
235
248
442
573
333
219
331
999
306
208
192
354
480
325
248
388
1,580
377
214
192
452
611
317
229
349
1,220
312
200

Jrams/hr
HC
22.9
82.1
46.6
36.7
60.8
48.0
45.0
24.6
35.7
22.9
71.4
37.4
27.4
33.5
36.4
31.8
15.8
43.7
10.9
68.4
39.5
25.7
33.7
37.8
38.3
14.3
34.0
10.9
56.0
32.2
22.3
34.6
37.0
37.4
18.3
38.8


N02*
3.78
65.0
244
63.4
24.0
73.9
671
69.8
14.6
3.78
61.6
260
73.7
24.9
68.0
675
65.2
14.2
3.29
58.6
248
73.0
25.5
68.4
583
73.0
14.6
3.29
62.5
264
67.7
23.8
68.8
725
67.2
13.3
         =Composlte Cycle  Emissions
               =9-mode  cycle=
          BSCO
          BSHC
          BSN02
          BSFC
16.2   g/bhp-hr
 1.21  g/bhp-hr
 5.10  g/bhp-hr
  .763 Ib/bhp-hr
          =Test Condltions=
Barometer  753.8 mmHg
Humidity    41.3 grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 74° F
* N0x data are corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
                                                  86

-------
      TABLE D-2. - Emissions (upstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 269 engine hours
                                       and 204 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
" 6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
121
472
610
462
353
446
784
451
257
121
443
598
452
325
438
771
436
251
117
434
585
449
358
425
773
433
256
117
453
587
459
336
448
764
436
256
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.8
23.5
33.0
22.8
15.8
22.7
45.0
22.7
11.0
5.8
22.3
32.7
22.3
14.4
22.2
44.0
22.0
11.0
5.7
22.0
32.0
22.2
16.0
21.3
44.2
21.3
11.0
5.7
22.3
32.0
22.7
15.0
22.0
43.8
21.5
11.0
A/F
19.9
19.1
17.5
19.3
21.4
18.6
16.4
18.9
22.3
19.9
18.9
17.3
19.3
21.6
18.7
16.5
18.8
21.8
19.5
18.7
17.3
19.2
21.4
18.9
16.5
19.3
22.2
19.5
19.3
17.4
19.2
21.4
19.4
16.4
19.3
22.3
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.56
.32
.38
.22
.15
.34
.73
.22
.26
0.56
.32
.42
.16
.16
.29
.51
.25
.22
0.44
.34
.42
.19
.15
.25
.58
.16
.22
0.44
.22
.38
.18
.15
.16
.57
.17
.22
C02
9.23
9.91
10.80
9.86
8.98
10.30
11.14
10.15
8.17
9.23
10.11
10.86
9.96
8.90
10.10
11.25
10.00
"8.47
9.37
10.14
10.89
9.96
9.02
9.98
11.13
9.83
8.38
9.37
9.76
10.68
9.82
8.86
9.72
11.05
9.75
8.34
HC,
ppmC
645
1,153
753
330
871
800
287
118
3,295
645
753
377
494
447
699
301
188
2,071
438
683
400
400
424
683
297
212
1,059
438
619
377
353
541
588
254
188
1,036
NOx,*
ppm
44
196
669
248
117
264
1,319
306
91
44
256
731
284
126
304
1,361
318
106
47
271
735
273
117
283
1,422
283
97
47
237
734
306
117
263
1,374
269
94
Grams /hr
CO
303
675
1,030
447
229
663
2,545
433
295
303
630
1,110
326
225
560
1,760
495
248
235
653
1,080
378
232
478
1,990
317
254
235
441
1,010
374
235
329
1,980
340
256
HC
17.2
119
100
33.8
67.7
76.8
49.2
11.7
188
17.2
72.5
49.4
49.1
32.1
67.3
50.9
18.3
116
11.5
64.6
51.1
39.5
33.4
64.1
50.7
20.5
60.7
11.5
62.4
49.3
36.2
40.6
59.0
43.3
18.4
59.7
N02*
3.90
67.0
296
84.3
30.2
84.2
751
101
17.2
3.90
81.8
318
93.7
29.9
97.1
765
103
18.7
4.12
85.0
312
89.6
30.7
88.0
807
90.7
18.4
4.12
79.3
319
104
29.2
87.5
778
87.6
18.0
       =Composite Cycle Emissions=
             =9-mode cycle=

       BSCO         23.6   g/bhp-hr
       BSHC          1.79  g/bhp-hr
       BSN02         6.20  g/bhp-hr
       BSFC           .756 Ib/bhp-hr
           =Test Conditions=

Barometer  742.6 iranHg
Humidity    53.0 grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 80° F
N0x data are corrected to 75 grains H-0/lb humidity.
                                                87

-------
 TABLE D-3. - Emissions (upstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 389 engine hours
                                  and 325 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3


.





4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
112
483
623
465
344
447
779
429
245
112
440
615
457
336
440
776
443
242
104
461
597
422
338
427
774
440
239
104
440
597
436
350
432
772
444
238
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.2
23.8
33.8
22.8
15.4
22.4
45.0
21.7
10.2
5.2
22.2
33.7
22.4
15.0
22.0
44.4
22.0
10.2
5.0
23.0
33.0
21.8
15.1
21.8
44.8
21.8
10.1
5.0
22.2
32.7
22.0
15.7
22.0
44.5
22.1
10.1
A/F
20.5
19.3
17.4
19.4
21.3
19.0
16.3
18.8
23.0
20.5
18.8
17.3
19.4
21.4
19.0
16.5
19.1
22.7
19.7
19.0
17.1
18.3
21.4
18.6
16.3
19.2
22.7
19.7
18.8
17.2
18.8
21.3
18.6
16.3
19.1
22.6
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.56
.35
.47
.17
.15
.32
.78
.22
.25
.56
.40
.48
.17
.14
.32
.60
.17
.21
.47
.32
.49
.35
.14
.35
.72
.17
.20
.47
.39
.45
.29
.14
.33
.69
.19
.21
CO 2
8.85
9.60
10.5
9.66
8.89
9.79
11.0
10.0
8.01
8.85
9.89
10.67
9.71
8.89
9.79
11.0
9.85
8.30
9.29
9.90
10.7
10.2
8.89
10.1
11.0
9.75
8.30
9.29
9.89
10.6
9.98
8.98
10.0
11.0
9.85
8.34
HC,
ppmC
1,000
1,023
767
616
581
598
604
400
1,348
1,000
767
512
442
395
512
511
372
581
535
767
488
384
460
488
442
349
395
535
651
512
414
465
465
488
392
465
NOX,*
ppm
44
191
587
246
105
246
1,201
283
88
44
228
611
263
116
269
1,294
288
92
46
229
619
329
115
300
1,247
273
96
46
239
620
281
112
275
1,247
281
97
Grams /hr
CO
282
763
1,322
362
226
654
2,715
434
276
282
794
1,326
355
207
625
2,103
343
230
220
646
1,315
663
209
668
2,504
344
218
220
761
1,224
563
215
645
2,400
380
227
HC
24.8
110
106
64.4
44.6
59.7
104
38.2
74.3
24.8
74.5
69.9
45.2
29.7
50.3
88.3
36.9
31.4
12.4
77.7
64.9
36.0
34.7
46.1
76.5
34.7
21.2
12.4
63.4
68.3
40.1
36.1
44.6
84.0
39.0
24.8
N02*
3.65
68.3
270
85.4
26.7
81.4
689
89.9
16.1
3.65
73.6
277
89.5
28.8
87.8
743
94.9
16.5
3.52
77.0
273
102
28.8
94.0
717
90.0
17.2-
3.52
77.1
274
90.3
29.0
87.8
713
92.9
17.2
  =Composite Cycle  Qnissions=
        =9-mode cycle=

  BSCO          27.6   g/bhp-hr
  BSHC          1.75  g/bhp-hr
  BSN02         5.68  g/bhp-hr
  BSFC           .751 Ib/bhp-hr
        =^Test Condi tions=

Barometer  737 mmHg
Humidity    58.6 grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 75° F
data are corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
                                           88

-------
       TABLE D-4. - Bnlsslons  (upstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 458 engine hoi
                                        and 394 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
120
500
630
457
357
463
788
440
259
120
475
595
459
341
457
784
440
258
117
459
596
440
349
428
787
443
258
117
439
606
458
352
443
778
441
257
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.8
25.0
34.2
22.5
16.0
2.3.0
45.0
22.0
11.2
5.8
23.2
32.2
22.6
15.2
22.6
44.8
21.8
11.1
5.7
22.8
32.4
22.0
15.6
21.8
45.0
22.0
11.1
5.7
22.2
33.0
22.5
15.7
22.0
44.7
21.7
11.0
A/F
19.7
19.0
17.4
19.3
21.3
19.1
16.5
19.0
22.1
19.7
19.5
17.5
19.3
21.4
19.2
16.5
19.2
22.2
19.4
19.1
17.4
19.0
21.3
18.7
16.5
19.2
22.2
19.4
18.8
17.3
19.4
21.4
19.1
16.4
19.3
22.4
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.60
.41
.42
.20
.15
.27
.81
.20
.26
.60
.30
.45
.17
.15
.30
.80
.17
.24
.50
.34
.52
.22
.15
.43
.78
.18
.23
.50
.46
.52
.17
.15
.34
.81
.17
.22
C02
9.19
9.74
10.68
9.75
8.89
9.85
10.83
9.95
8.47
9.19
9.67
10.58
9.76
8.79
9.65
10.72
9.75
8.47
9.46
9.75
10.57
9.95
8.89
9.92
10.83
9.86
8.47
9.46
9.83
10.57
9.76
8.89
9.74
10.82
9.76
8.38
HC,
ppmC
1,317
1,223
1,082
847
917
823
706
635
988
1,317
1,082
917
729
706
870
706
541
682
564
870
894
635
776
729
659
564
470
564
611
800
682
612
729
706
541
494
NOX)*
ppm
46
201
708
248
117
248
1,306
266
105
46
240
697
272
117
270
1,341
284
101
46
239
710
280
119
274
1,371
284
102
46
279
717
279
114
273
1,371
•268
104
Grams /hr
CO
320
924
1,172
408
249
558
2,868
391
298
320
629
1,207
355
239
614
2,823
343
276
259
703
1,373
- 426
243
827
2,753
360
266
259
902
1,400
354
231
680
2,849
342
256
HC
34.9
135
150
86.1
72.8
84.1
123
62.1
56.9
34.9
113
120
74.7
54.0
88.9
124
53.6
39.1
14.6
88.4
118
62.0
60.2
69.1
115
55.8
27.1
14.6
59.4
107
69.6
47.9
71.6
122
53.3
28.5
NOg*
4.07
73.7
326
83.9
30.7
84.3
756
86.3
20.1
4.07
83.2
304
92.7
29.6
91.8
781
93.4
19.2
3.96
80.8 •
310
90.7
30.7
86.3
796
93.2
19.4
3.96
90.0
319
94.5
29.6
89.0
788
87.8
19.8
         =Composlte Cycle Emissions?
               —9-mode cycle=
=Test Conditions=
BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC
29.8 g/bhp-hr
2.50 g/bhp-hr
6.22 g/bhp-hr
.764 Ib/bhp-hr
Barometer 742.5 mmHg
Humidity 70.3 grains H20/lb
Inlet air temperature 78° F
dry air
* NO  data are corrected  to  75  grains H.O/lb  humidity.
                                               89

-------
TABLE D-5.  -  Emissions  (upstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 563 engine  hours
                                 and 498 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








7
£,







3
4
Mode
1
2
3
4
5
-I
g
7
g
9
i
x
3
J




9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
o
28
56
28
9
9ft
AO
84
28
£O
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
110
461
590
433
315
442
767
422
269
110
417
610
434
324
439
747
424
263
109
425
594
433
320
432
763
422
248
109
429
589
425
317
436
765
412
242
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.2
22.3
31.2
21.4
14.0
21.3
42.2
20.8
11.5
5.2
20.0
32.0
21.2
14.3
21.2
41.2
20.8
11.3
5.2
21.0
31.2
21.2
14.2
21.0
42.0
20.8
10.7
5.2
20.8
31.5
20.8
14.0
21.2
42.0
20.3
10.4
A/F
20.1
19.7
17.9
19.2
21.5
19.7
17.2
19.3
22.4
20.1
19.9
18.1
19.5
21.7
19.7
17.1
19.4
22.3
19.9
19.2
18.0
19.4
21.5
19.6
17.2
19.3
22.2
19.9
19.6
17.7
19.4
21.6
19.5
17.2
19.3
22.3
Emissions
Volume p
CO
0.50
.23
.34
.19
.17
.17
.66
.17
.26
.50
.17
.19
.22
.16
.17
.63
.17
.22
.44
.34
.21
.17
.15
.17
.59
.18
.22
.44
.17
.17
.18
.15
.17
.51
.17
.21
ercent
C02
9.21
9.58
10.50
9.86
8.80
9.66
10.63
9.75
8.38
9.21
9.62
10.52
9.67
8.71
9.64
10.59
9.76
8.38
9.39
9.75
10.51
9.76
8.80
9.67
10.66
9.86
8.47
9.39
9.67
10.60
9.76
8.80
9.77
10.70
9.86
8.47
HC,
ppmC
1,163
1,841
1,453
1,247
957
1,381
1,284
969
993
1,163
1,574
1,066
993
799
1,114
1,090
799
606
654
1,187
1,066
920
678
1,163
1,017
751
606
654
1,138
1,344
920
678
1,114
993
678
557
NOX,*
ppm
50
249
863
346
160
310
1,517
373
150
50
282
981
356
180
352
1,543
404
156
54
347
1,025
378
188
368
1,673
404
160
54
326
1,027
394
178
378
1,799
404
163
Grams /hr
CO
242
481
885
365
245
336
2,231
326
309
242
316
510
422
240
336
2,105
327
263
213
646
567
332
224
332
1,992
357
246
213
329
449
343
221
331
1,727
316
230
HC
27.9
186
187
119
67.0
134
215
91.2
59.3
27.9
143
143
95.7
57.9
107
180
75.3
35.9
15.6
111
139
88.3
48.4
111
171
70.0
33.6
15.6
108
176
86.5
47.7
106
167
61.8
30.1
N02*
4.01
83.8
369
110
37.2
99.8
845
116
29.7
4.01
85.4
438
114
43.4
113
845
127
30.7
4.33
107
445
120
44.7
117
932
125
29.6
4.33
102
447
123
41.6
120
1,007
122
29.3
       =Composite Cycle Emissions—
             =9-mode cycle=
BSCO
BSHC
BSNO-
BSFC
19.4 g/bhp-hr
3.28 g/bhp-hr
7.83 g/bhp-hr
.719 Ib/bhp-hr
        =Test Conditions=

Barometer  746 mmHg
Humidity    67.7 grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 77° F
NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H.O/lb humidity.
  X                                  £.
                                              90

-------
        TABLE D-6.  - Emissions (upstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 691 engine hours
                                         and 635 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
-3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
116
436
606
421
303
442
772
413
242
116
431
602
423
287
432
771
406
245
108
426
594
426
287
418
757
406
246
108
425
596
410
294
418
756
417
246
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.7
22.3
32.5
21
14.0
21.8
42.5
20.8
11.2
6.7
21.5
32.0
21.0
13.2
21.2
42.5
20.2
11.2
6.2
21.0 '
31.5
21.0
13.2
20.5
41.5
20.2
11.2
6.2
21.0
31.5
20.2
13.5
20.5
41.5
20.8
11.2
A/F
16.4
18.6
17.6
19.1
20.6
19.3
17.2
18.9
20.6
16.4
19.0
17.8
19.2
20.8
19.4
17.1
19.1
20.9
16.3
19.3
17.9
19.3
20.8
19.4
17.2
19.1
21.0
16.3
19.3
17.9
19.3
20.8
19.4
17.2
19.0
21.0
Qnissions
Volume percent
CO
1.29
.57
.24
.20
.18
.19
.53
.21
.27
1.29
.29
.24
'.19
.18
.18
.51
.20
.24
.55
.26
.23
.20
.19
.19
.47
.20
.24
.55
.18
.22
.18
.19
.18
.49
.20
.24
C02
10.60
9.71
10.70
9.74
9.04
9.75
10.67
9.94
9.04
10.60
9.74
10.60
9.75
9.05
9.76
10.78
9.74
8.96
11.38
9.56
10.50
9.65
9.05
9.66
10.67
9.74
8.88
11.38
9.86
10.50
9.75
9.05
9.76
10.67
9.85
8.88
HC,
ppmC
474
1,557
971
880
519
948
813
643
158
474
1,083
677
722
361
790
677
587
135
147
1,061
666
722
384
813
767
632
135
147
937
700
677
384
790
722
< 576
158
NOx,*
ppm
37
221
720
290
146
277
1,470
332
127
37
292
801
326
170
310
1,640
359
134
46
294
824
335
177
319
1,663
354
145
46
288
813
337
181
328
1,617
376
143
Grams /hr
CO
664
1,125
651
380
251
377
1,844
387
300
664
560
649
364
237
350
1,740
367
264
261
507
622
385
249
359
1,600
367
266
261
343
598
334
255
339
1,659
374
266
HC
12.1
151
130
83.6
35.5
93.4
139
59.4
8.60
12.1
104
90.1
68.7
23.3
75.8
115
53.8
7.45
3.46
102
88.1
69.3
24.8
76.1
129
57.9
7.51
3.46
88.1
92.6
62.0
25.3
73.3
121
53.8
8.79
N02*
3.09
71.0
319
91.6
33.1
90.5
834
102
22.9
3.09
93.4
354
103
36.4
99.0
925
109
24.6
3.60
93.8
362
107
37.9
99.3
927
108
26.8
3.60
89.9
357
103
39.6
101
900
117
26.5
         =
-------
     TABLE D-7.  -  Emissions  (upstream of catalysts)  for gasoline  engine  at 796 engine hours
                                       and 731 hours  on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
100
383
602
439
308
456
752
417
227
100
429
603
420
290
425
747
417
225
106
424
587
403
308
434
738
408
228
106
423
586
418
293
408
734
409
227
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.8
21.0
33.2
22.5
15.3
24.0
43.0
22.5
11.2
6.8
23.0
33.8
22.4
14.2
22.3
42.0
21.3
11.0
6.8
22.0
32.3
20.8
14.6
22.0
41.7
20.8
11.0
6.8
21.3
32.2
21.2
14.0
21.2
41.2
21.0
11.0
A/F
13.8
17.3
17.1
18.5
19.2
18.0
16.5
17.5
19.3
13.8
17.7
16.8
17.8
19.4
18.1
16.8
18.6
19.5
14.6
18.3
17.2
18.4
20.1
18.7
16.7
18.6
19.7
14.6
18.8
17.2
18.7
20.0
18.2
16.8
18.5
19.6
Emissions
Volume
CO
4.22
.88
.25
.22
.55
.43
.52
.56
.29
4.22
.66
.49
.51
.58
.41
.35
.21
.30
1.62
.51
.25
.34
.22
.21
.35
.21
.30
1.62
.21
.21
.22
.25
.44
.38
.32
.29
ercent
C02
8.95
10.24
11.00
10.12
9.55
10.29
10.94
10.37
9.65
8.95
10.07
10.86
10.28
9.37
10.19
10.97
10.13
9.57
11.43
10.11
10.89
10.12
9.40
10.03
11.07
10.13
9.58
11.43
10.04
10.89
10.13
9.39
10.10
10.97
9.91
9.67
HC,
pproC
5,274
1,332
514
750
264
777
479
396
76
5,274
930
375
472
201
541
403
333
69
736
333
333
444
222
416
416
291
69
736
583
354
403
194
583
403
333
67
N0xi*
ppm
39
313
607
263
132
277
1,316
287
100
39
219
289
277
152
264
1,471
285
104
53
227
686
260
148
272
1,578
285
113
53
251
729
280
141
278
1,475
291
107
Grams /hr
CO
1,923
1,507
671
427
762
875
1,788
1,056
298
1,923
1,288
1,329
965
755
790
1,173
389
305
769
968
661
619
302
406
1,154
380
295
769
392
566
404
337
805
1,265
606
293
HC
119
113
69.5
73.5
18.1
78.3
81.1
36.8
3.88
119
89.7
50.5
44.3
13.0
51.3
67.6
31.0
3.49
17.3
31.2
43.7
39.9
15.3
40.4
68.7
26.5
3.49
17.3
54.7
46.4
37.3
12.7
52.9
66.1
30.9
3.35
NO 2*
2.89
87.8
269
85.5
30.0
92.6
741
88.7
17.0
2.89
70.3
263
86.3
32.7
83.1
819
88.1
17.4
4.10
70.7
299
77.5
33.7
87.6
865
86.1
18.9
4.10
78.2
318
86.2
30.8
83.7
804
89.5
17.9
        =Composite Cycle Emissions=
              =9-mode cycle=
        BSCO
        BSHC
        BSN02
        BSFC
30.2    g/bhp-hr
 1.62  g/bhp-hr
 6.18  g/bhp-hr
  .750 Ib/bhp-hr
        =Test Conditions==

Barometer  749 mmHg
Humidity    67.9 grains HgO/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 76°  F
NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H20/lb humidity.
                                               92

-------
        TABLE D-8. -  Bnissions  (upstream  of  catalysts)  for gasoline  engine at 916 engine hours
                                          and 851  hours  on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
108
464
600
439
266
440
769
406
197
108
442
595
427
282
446
774
418
201
100
434
597
418
291
432
776
409
.204
100
430
594
416
299
426
777
407
207
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
7.2
24.0
31.8
21.8
13 .'0
22.4
42.0
20.2
10.1
7.2
22.8
31.2
21.2
13.3
22.7
42.2
21.0
10.2
6.8
22.2
31.3
21.2
13.8
21.8
42.0
20.2
10.2
6.8
22.0
31.0
21.2
14.0
21.5
42.0
20.0
10.2
A/F
14.0
18.3
17.9
19.1
19.5
18.6
17.3
19.1
18.5
14.0
18.4
18.1
19.1
20.2
18.6
17.3
18.9
18.7
13.8
18.5
18.1
18.7
20.1
18.8
17.5
19.2
19.0
13.8
18.6
18.1
18.6
20.3
18.8
17.5
19.3
19.3

Volume percent
CO
4.23
.95
.25
.32
.42
.73
.62
.29
.17
4.23
.74
.29
.41
.37
.65
.51
.38
.17
3.88
.65
.30
.53
.33
.55
.44
.23
.15
3.88
.65
.29
.48
.32
.53
.50
.29
.15
co2
7.83
9.60
10.72
9.95
9.57
9.72
10.90
10.05
10.76
7.83
10.01
10.73
10.05
9.40
10.02
11.02
10.15
10.67
9.92
9.92
10.73
10.14
9.40
10.03
11.02
10.06
10.57
9.92
10.13
10.73
10.13
9.41
10.14
10.91
9.96
10.17
Emissions
HC,
ppmC
9,108
2,200
841
782
156
1,721
655
430
147
9,108
1,369
597
528
176
1,213
548
509
137
3,130
1,174
567
685
156
861
479
352
147
3,130
1,213
567
821
196
978
587
372
186
NOx,*
ppm
24
271
760
303
125
309
1,400
368
78
24
322
846
326
150
325
1,503
366
88
35
333
855
334
159
369
1,611
409
98
35
317
870
339
168
325
1,576
368
86
Grams /hr
CO
2,155
1,942
661
609
495
1,408
2,072
514
144
2,155
1,429
740
766
463
1,248
1,697
688
147
1,714
1,232
765
960
435
1,028
1,462
420
133
1,714
1,197
735
881
418
971
1,677
514
139
HC
229
222
110
74.7
9.20
165
108
38.0
6.15
229
130
76.3
48.3
10.8
116
90.6
45.8
5.84
68.4
111
72.7
61.4
10.0
79.8
79.3
31.2
6.33
68.4
111
72.0
73.8
12.8
88.6
97.5
32.8
8.32
N02*
1.98
91.1
329
96.1
24.5
98.1
765
108
10.8
1.98
102
359
98.8
30.8
103
825
110
12.4
2.57
104
364
99.2
33.9
114
885
120
14.1
2.57
96.6
367
101
36.4
97.7
869
108
12.8
           Composite  Cycle Emissions
                 9-mode cycle

        BSCO           39.9   g/bhp-hr
        BSHC            2.92  g/bhp-hr
        BSN02           6.87  g/bhp-hr
         BSFC
.735 Ib/bhp-hr
                                            Test Conditions

                                 Barometer 739.8mmHg
                                 Humidity    48.0 grains H20/lb dry air
                                 Inlet air temperature 77°  F
*NO  data are corrected  to  75 grains  H,0/lb  htmidity.
   x                                   *•
                                                93

-------
            TABLE D-9. - Emissions (upstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 1.045
                                engine hours and 980 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
104
488
636
448
329
475
785
445
199
104
471
637
446
325
464
790
429
196
109
462
637
445
329
450
784
438
191
109
458
633
437
340
443
796
430
193
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.0
25.0
33.8
22.0
15.0
24.2
44.0
21.8
9.3
6.0
24.0
33.7
22.5
14.8
23.6
43.0
21.0
8.9
6.2
23.0
33.3
22.2
14.8
22.3
43.2
21.0
8.5
6.2
22.5
33.0
21.5
15.0
22.0
43.2
20.5
8.5
A/F
16.3
18.5
17.8
19.4
20.9
18.6
16.8
19.4
20.4
16.3
18.6
17.9
18.8
21.0
18.6
17.4
19.4
21.0
16.6
19.1
18.1
19.1
21.2
19.2
17.1
19.8
21.5
16.6
19.3
18.2
19.3
21.7
19.1
17.4
20.0
21.7
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
1.94
.99
.36
.38
.36
.68
.64
.32
•17
1.94
.76
.31
.51
.35
.68
.46
.36
.19
1.30
.67
.31
.48
.36
.59
.54
.33
.17
1.30
.69
.29
.44
.36
.65
.51
.32
.19
C02
10.06
9.51
10.93
9.97
9.06
9.92
11.31
9.97
9.61
10.06
10.02
10.94
10.14
9.06
10.02
11.24
10.18
9.35
11.76
9.86
10.96
10.16
9.07
10.06
11.34
9.99
9.27
11.76
9.86
11.08
10.17
9.09
10.16
11.36
10.00
9.28
HC,
pptnC
1,452
2,656
591
830
830
1,909
639
508
384
1,452
1,660
353
1,038
519
1,556
540
374
415
1,120
1,328
274
685
436
1,038
540
363
394
1,120
1,349
270
685
622
1,141
560
' 405
519
NOx,*
ppm
53
246
538
296
121
284
1,158
294
74
53
283
569
296
116
293
1,142
313
74
51
286
556
300
123
287
1,264
314
79
51
281
601
287
125
278
1,288
314
83
Grams /hr
CO
880
2,103
976
733
527
1,403
2,146
611
150
880
1,534
857
983
509
1,360
1,554
657
163
562
1,320
847
908
509
1,115
1,801
622
143
562
1,324
761
816
515
1,198
1,688
575
157
HC
32.5
280
79.8
79.4
59.4
194
106
48.6
16.5
32.5
165
47.8
98.5
36.8
153
89.6
33.7
17.5
23.9
130
36.6
64.5
30.9
97.7
88.7
33.4
16.0
23.9
129
35.5
62.5
44.5
104
92.0
36.4
21.0
N02*
3.93
86.2
241
93.9
28.7
95.8
639
93.4
10.6
3.93
93.4
256
93.4
27.2
96.0
629
93.6
10.3
3.63
93.2
247
93.8
28.9
89.6
689
95.8
10.7
3.63
89.0
262
86.9
29.7
84.3
703
93.6
11.1
         =Cooposite Cycle Qnissions=
               =9-mode cycle=

         BSCO         31.8    g/bhp-hr
         BSHC          2.19    g/bhp-hr
         BSN02         5.41    g/bhp-hr
         BSFC           .749   Ib/bhp-hr
        =Test Condltions=

Barometer744.4 mmHg
Humidity  64.5   grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 77°F
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H_0/lb humidity.
   X'                                  2
                                                 94

-------
            TABLE D-10.  -  Emissions  (upstream  of  catalysts)  for gasoline  engine  at  1.067
                                   engine hours and  1.002 hours on  emission  controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
126
459
635
445
345
441
805
428
176
126
452
617
436
329
441
799
422
186
123
447
596
446
345
446
814
435
188
123
449
626
435
343
455
799
426
170
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.3
22.7
32.4
21.7
15.0
21.5
43.2
21.0
7.2
6.3
22.1
31.8
21.4
14.2
22.2
42.8
'21.0
7.3
6.2
22.0
30.8
21.8
15.0
21.7
44.0
21.0
7.4
6.2
22.0
31.7
21.0
14.8
21.8
42.7
20.8
7.3
A/F
18.9
L9.2
18.6
19.5
22.0
19.5
17.6
19.4
23.4
18.9
19.4
18.4
19.4
22.2
18.8
17.7
19.1
24.4
18.8
19.3
18.3
19.4
22.0
19.5
17.5
19.7
24.4
18.8
19.4
18.7
19.7
22.2
19.8
17.7
19.5
22.4
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
1.04
.65
.30
.52
.36
.55
.50
.47
.26
1.04
.55
.48
.44
.32
.57
.47
.38
.25
.65
.51
.48
.43
.30
.47
.53
.37
.25
.65
.51
.27
.38
.30
.35
.46
.42r
.23
C02
9.84
9.75
10.88
9.97
8.92
9.97
11.38
10.17
7.73
9.84
10.07
10.75
10.07
8.92
10.35
11.26
10.47
7.10
10.35
10.17
10.75
10.18
9.10
10.18
11.37
10.08
7.10
10.35
10.18
10.77
10.08
8.92
10.10
11.27
10.18
6.96
HC,
ppmC
689
3,936
551
846
433
964
551
492
8,856
689
1,023
630
551
413
718
492
295
10,000
453
817
590
541
551
669
551
335
9,348
453
905
403
492
512
590
472
335
19,824
NO**
ppm
53
217
585
281
121
281
1,264
302
73.8
53
298
610
315
121
314
1,317
136
69.7
59.4
292
644
324
142
303
1,390
324
69.7
59.4
290
696
316
130
316
1,371
334
69.2
Grams /hr
CO
550
1,252
784
985
526
1,022
1,688
845
192
550
1,040
1,228
821
449
1,050
1,576
670
200
333
963
1,190
812
439
872
1,777
680
204
333
946
707
695
442,
671
1,544
745
167
HC
18.0
376
72.1
78.7
31.6
88.5
90.4
43.8
326
18.0
95.7
80.5
50.6
28.7
65.8
81.1
25.8
397
11.54
75.7
73.0
50.2
39.7
61.4
92.1
30.4
379
11.54
83.8
52.3
44.6
37.1
55.5
77.6
29.7
716
N02*
4.56
68.8
254
86.9
29.3
85.8
689
89.5
9.02
4.56
92.6
259
96.2
27.9
95.7
721
39.6
9.18
5.03
89.9
264.7
99.7
34.0
92.3
771
97.8
9.38
5.03
89.1
300
95.0
31.1
98.8
749
98.5
8.29
         =Composite Cycle Bnissions=
               =9-mode cycle=

         BSCO         27.6    g/bhp-hr
         BSHC          4.30   g/bhp-hr
         BSN02         5.81   g/bhp-hr
         BSFC            .726  Ib/bhp-hr
        =Test Conditions^

Barometer 743'. 5 mmHg
Humidity  59.6  grains HaO/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 72°F
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H-0/lb humidity.

-------
             TABLE D-ll. - Emissions (upstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 1.117
                                 engine hours and 1.052 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3









4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0

0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
109
496
600
475
350
457
753
434
236
109
66
608
449
359
473
754
448
246
110
483
600
453
349
459
754
458
247

110
458
592
461
359
463
758
459
253
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.0
25.5
33.0
24.0
16.2
23.5
43.8
22.5
10.0
5.0
24.0
33.5
23.0
16.5
23.5
44.0
22.5
10.5
5.0
23.5
33.0
23.2
16.0
23.5
43.6
23.0
10.5

5.0
23.5
32.6
23.5
16.5
24.0
43.8
23.0
10.5
A/F
20.8
18.4
17.2
18.8
20.6
18.5
16.2
18.3
22.6
20.8
18.4
17.1
18.5
20.7
19.1
16.1
18.9
22.4
20.9
19.6
17.2
18.5
20.8
18.5
16.3
18.9
22.5

20.9
18.5
17.2
18.6
20.8
18.3
16.3
19.0
23.1
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.33
.38
.47
.19
.15
.29
.71
.21
.20
.33
.30
.37
.22
.14
.17
.64
.15
.18
.33
.30
.37
.22
.14
.22
.63
.14
.17

.33
.29
.37
.21
.15
.29
.59
.14
.18
C02
8.87
10.01
10.67
10.03
9.23
10.19
11.02
10.31
8.12
8.87
10.12
10.66
10.12
9.15
9.85
11.02
9.94
8.21
8.68
7.93
10.67
10.12
9.05
10.12
11.03
9.94
8.12

8.68
10.01
10.66
10.02
9.05
10.11
10.93
9.84
7.47
HC,
ppinC
906
824
742
391
577
402
618
206
2,390
906
453
494
247
556
319
546
222
2,472
680
330
453
227
453
288
474
185
2,266

680
433
474
237
721
299
494
185
2,596
N0x>*
ppm
45
153
522
182
96
173
135
215
84
45
181
607
207
105
191
1,252
216
88
55
189
633
220
108
207
1,275
229
97
0
55
192
637
210
109
211
1,275
229
102
Grams /hr
CO
162
842
1,273
405
243
592
2,434
404
216
162
641
1,035
438
221
367
2,218
312
204
165
778
1,020
460
217
466
2,142
301
197

165
598
1,008
434
237
605
2,055
304
223
HC
22.1
91.0
99.1
41.5
44.9
41.0
104
19.9
127
22.1
47.1
67.7
24.9
44.6
33.8.
93.0
22.4 .
136
17.0
42.6
61.2
23.0
35.6 .
29.6
80.1
19.1
127

17.0
44.6
63.2
24.6
58.2
31.2
84.8
19.3
156
• N02*
3.69
56.0
231
64.0
24.8
58.5
635
69.3
14.7
3.69
62.6
276
69.3
27.9
67.1
708
72.5
16.1
4.57
81.1
284
74.2
28.1
70.7
715
78.6
18.0

4.57
65.9
282
72.5
29.3
73.2
727
79.1
20.3
         =Composlte Cycle Emlsslons=
               =9-mode cycle=
         BSCO
         BSHC
         BSN02
         BSFC
22.4  g/bhp-hr
 2.12 g/bhp-hr
 5.45 g/bhp-hr
  .764lb/bhp-hr
        =Test Condltlons=

Barometer  741  mmHg
Humidity  64.0    grains HnO/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature  74  F
*NO  data corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
   x                              2
                                                  96

-------
             TABLE D-12.  - Emissions (upstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 1.118
                                 engine hours and 1.053 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
110
476
589
460
344
455
751
441
239
110
462
583
452
349
446
749
444
242
105
456
577
446
353
467
737
442
241 .
105
443
576
460
346
460
747
448
245
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.0
24.5
32.3
23.5
16.0
23.5
43.5
22.2
10.2
5.0
23.8
32.0
23.0
16.0
23.0
i 43.5
22.5
10.3
' 4.8
23.5
31.8
23.0
16.3
23.2
43.1
22.3
10.3
4.8
23.0
31.8
23.0
16.0
23.0
43.5
22.6
10.4
A/F
21.0
18.4
17.3
18.6
20.5
18.4
16.3
18.9
22.4
21.0
18.4
17.2
18.7
20.8
18.4
16.2
18.7
22.4
20.8
18.4
17.2
18.4
20.7
19.1
16.1
18.8
22.4
20.8
18.3
17.1
19.0
20.6
19.0
16.1
18.8
22.6
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.36
.36
.40
.26
.16
.33
.71
.17
.19
.36
.34
.38
.23
.16
.29
.64
.16
.18
.31
.29
.37
.76
.15
.17
.67
.17
.18
.31
.32
.36
.17
.14
.17
.65
.15
.18
C02
8.88
10.12
10.67
10.13
9.33
10.21
11.03
10.14
8.29
8.88
10.12
10.89
10.34
9.24
10.32
11.26
10.34
8.38
9.05
10.32
10.88
10.32
9.23
9.95
11.25
10.24
8.30
9.05
10.31
11.0
10.15
9.33
10.15
11.25
10.24
8.21
HC,
ppmC
886
690
762
412
639
505
680
144
2,966
886
546
567
288
865
350
556
206
2,719
659
453
494
258
639
330
556
206
3,131
659
433
515
268
659
340
536
175
3,296
NOx,*
ppm
50
155
586
181
98.6
190
1,264
199
88.0
50
181
676
214
112
214
1,306
251
101
61.2
190
684
729
114
205
1,332
242
101
61.2
198
694
216
114
206
1,325
225
96.9
Grams /hr
CO
179
765
1,064
538
251
675
2,388
337
205
179
708
991
447
239
569
2,151
317
196
144
581
941
517
230
359
2,213
335
197
144
637
910
349
210
348
2,179
304
200
HC
21.5
72.7
100
42.1
48.5
50.8
114
14.0
156
21.5'
56.1
72.7
78.4
66.2
34.3
91.8
20.0
144
15.2
45.3
63.1
25.4
50.0
34.2
90.8
20.0
167
15.2
42.3
65.1
27.0
50.1
34.3
88.5
17.2
178
N02*
4.03
54.4
256
61.6
74.9
63.4
702
64.4
15.4
4.03
61.8
288
70.1
28.4
69.6
716
80.7
17.8
4.70
63.1
290
74.7
29.5
70.7
722
78.0
17.9
4.70
64.3
292
72.4
28.7
68.9
727
73.5
17.4
         =Composlte Cycle Emissions:
               =9-mode cycle=
         BSCO
         BSHC
         BSN02
         BSFC
22.8   g/bhp-hr
 2.30  g/bhp-hr
 5.56  g/bhp-hr
  .750 Ib/bhp-hr
        =Test Conditions=

Barometer 741.0mmHg
Humidity   64.0  grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 74°  p
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H20/lb humidity.
                                                 97

-------
APPENDIX E.—EMISSION DATA FROM THE DURABILITY TESTS OF
                 THE GASOLINE ENGINE WITH EXHAUST
             SAMPLED DOWNSTREAM OF CATALYTIC CONVERTERS
                           98

-------
                TABLE E-l. - Emissions (downstream of catalysts)  for gasoline engine
                             at 251 engine hours and 186 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
' It
5
6
7
8
9
'1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
130
508
670
454
360
487
810
443
261
130
478
652
428
350
458
797
449
261
128
461
656
468
381
A71
761
445
263
128
463
619
462
286
48O
782
448
264
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hi
6.1
24.7
35.2
22.0
16.0
23.7
45.2
21.6
11.0
6.1
23.2
34.2
20.8
16.0
23.0
44.2
22.0
11.1
6.2
22.7
34.8
23.3
17.2
24.0
42.0
23.3
11.3
6.2
22.3
33.3
24.5
12.7
24.6
43.2
23.2
11.4
A/F
20.4
19.6
18.0
19.6
21.5
19.5
16.9
19.5
22.7
20.4
19.6
18.1
19.6
20.9
18.9
17.0
19.4
22.5
19.7
19.3
17.8
19.1
21.2
18.6
17.1
18.1
22.3
19.7
19.8
17.6
17.9
21.5
18.5
17.1
18.3
22.2
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.17
.03
.02
.01
.008
.01
.04
.009
.008
.17
.01
.01
.009
.007
.01
.03
.009
.007
.008
.001
.01
.01
.007
.01
.03
.01
.007
.008
.009
.02
.02
.007
.01
.03
.01
.007
C02
9.45
9.91
10.81
9.92
9.08
9.96
11.32
9.97
8.57
9.45
10.32
10.83
9.98
9.91
10.39
11.56
10.14
8.67
9.98
10.60
11.12
10.36
9.29
10.55
11.37
10.86
8.73
9.98
9.99
11.14
10.97
9.08
10.33
11.48
10.75
8.73
HC,
ppmC
344
447
118
91
118
121
139
68
144
344
141
62
69
106
71
118
51
126
45
118
59
60
92
68
85
47
76
45
97
52
177
35
68
82
39
100
NOX>*
ppm
51
253
684
284
146
318
1,641
319
131
51
277
717
310
154
336
1,903
346
130
62
283
764
372
159
375
1,441
462
139
62
266
736
474
170
388
1,600
423
144
Grams /hr
CO
98.3
78.0
45.8
20.9
12.8
24.2
135
18.1
9.58
98.3
21.5
32.9
16.9
9.94
20.8
102
17.2
8.47
4.73
18.9
36.1
21.5
11.9
26.7
103.
22.3
8.77
4.73
18.1
52.0
47.6
8.64
22.3
102
21.8
8.63
HC
9.86
50.1
17.4
9.14
9.41
13.0
25.1
6.67
8.36
9.86
14.3
8.87
6.51
7.75
7.12
20.4
5.01
7.30
1.27
11.4
8.36
6.11
7.71
7.00
14.2
4.57
4.45
1.27
9.81
7.03
17.9
2.22
7.33
13.9
3.81
5.91
N02*
4.83
94.1
335
94.7
38.7
114
983
104
25.4
4.83
93.5
341
97.3
37.3
112
1,090
113
25.1
5.80
91.3
359
126
44.3
128
799
149
27.1
5.80
89.4
331
159
35.8
139
904
137
28.2
         =Composite Cycle Emissions
               =9-mode cycle=
         BSCO
         BSHC
         BSN02
         BSFC
1.37  g/bhp-hr
 .33  g/bhp-hr
7.35  g/bhp-hr
 .781 Ib/bhp-hr
         ==Test Conditions=

Barometer  753.3 mmHg
Humidity    69.8 grains H20/lb  dry  air
Inlet air temperature 77°  F
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H.O/lb humidity.
   x                                  *
                                               99

-------
           TABLE E-2.  - Emissions (downstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at  374
                               engine hours and 309 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
113
473
614
458
336
439
794
416
247
113
417
597
427
344
427 ,
773
442
242
102
479
584
445
330
451
763
432
246
102
444
614
445
333
429
762
432
243
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.2
23.6
33.8
22.4
15.0
22.3
46.5
21.2
10.3
5.2
19.9
33.0
21.8
15.3
21.7
45.3
21.8
10.3
4.9
22.8
32.6
21.7
14.7
22.0
44.7
21.3
10.2
4.9
22.2
33.8
21.7
14.8
21.4
44.8
21.3
10.3
A/F
20.7
19.0
17.2
19.5
21.4
18.7
16.1
18.6
22.9
20.7
20.0
17.1
18.6
21.5
18.7
16.1
19.3
22.6
20.0
20.0
16.9
19.5
21.4
19.5
16.1
19.3
23.1
20.0
19.0
17.2
19.5
21.5
19.1
16.0
19.3
22.6

Volume percent
CO
0.24
.15
.09
.01
.007
.02
.29
.02
.009
.24
.02
.06
.02
.006
.02
.26
.01
.007
.008
.02
.08
.009
.005
.01
.24
.01
.007
.008
.02
.03
.009
.005
.01
.22
.01
.006
C02
9.24
10.15
11.28
10.02
9.22
10.50
11.83
10.45
8.49
9.24
9.84
11.33
10.55
9.13
10.50
11.83
10.17
8.65
9.84
10.69
11.26
10.07
9.18
10.07
11.83
10.12
8.53
9.84
10.58
11.34
10.02
9.18
10.31
11.94
10.17
8.70
Emissions
HC,
ppmC
945
581
234
157
127
161
275
111
375
945
194
177
119
102
127
206
93
139
133
178
166
99
76
113
206
87
242
133
174
109
99
97
124
260
133
163
NOx,*
ppm
52
260
667
310
156
346
1,222
398
137
52
240
698
396
160
378
1,211
374
141
51
314
707
331
158
313
1,233
356
133
51
295
710
326
165
340
1,249
358
128
Grams /hr
CO
122
309
247
26.4
10.8
46.1
1,007
34.3
9.46
122
33.6
171
39.4
9.02
37.2
910
24.8
7.48
3.85
47.5
223
18.1
7.62
19.2
806
18.5
8.05
3.85
42.5
74.0
18.2
7.66
26.8
742
18.5
7.01
HC
23.3
60.0
31.5
15.9
9.35
15.4
47.7
10.2
20.5
23.3
17.7
23.2
11.1
7.74
11.9
34.9
9.02
7.48
2.99
17.1
21.6
9.65
5.51
11.2
34.5
8.29
13.1
2.99
16.5
14.7
9.71
7.08
11.6
43.3
12.6
8.73
N02*
4.30
89.3
298
104
38.1
110
704
121
24.8
4.30
72.4
304
122
40.0
117
682
120
25.2
3.74
100
305
107
38.0
103
686
113
23.6
3.74
92.6
317
106
39.9
106
691
113
22.8
          =Composite Cycle Emissions=
                =9-mode cycle=
          BSCO
          BSHC
          BSN02
          BSFC
5.38  g/bhp-hr
 .62  g/bhp-hr
6.04  g/bhp-hr
 .750 Ib/bhp-hr
        =^Test Conditions—

Barometer  734.5  mmHg
Humidity    64.6  grains H20/lb  dry  air
Inlet air temperature  74°  F
*NO  data are corrected  to 75 grains H00/lb  humidity.
   X                                   £.
                                                100

-------
            TABLE E-3. - Emissions (downstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 440
                                engine hours and 375 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
129
488
616
446
355
454
795
466
259
129
466
597
461
332
433
768
440
257
118
450
591
426
339
447
766
453
257
118
477
583
419
344
431
761
438
253
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.2
24.6
34.0
23.0
16.1
23.0
46.8
23.2
11.2
6.2
23.8
33.0
22.8
15.0
22.2
45.4
22.0
11.1
5.8
23.0
32.8
22.0
15.3
22.6
45.0
22.6
11.1
5.8
23.0
32.5
22.0
15.6
22.3
44.4
22.0
11.0
A/F
19.7
18.9
17.1
18.4
21.0
18.8
16.0
19.1
22.2
19.7
18.6
17.1
19.2
21.1
18.5
15.9
19.0
22.1
19.3
18.6
17.0
18.4
21.1
18.8
16.0
19.0
22.2
19.3
18.4
16.9
18.1
21.1
18.3
16.1
18.9
22.0
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.15
.18
.08
.03
.009
.02
.43
.02
.01
.15
.03
.07
.01
.007
.02
.37
.01
.009
.008
.02
.07
.02
.006
.02
.30
.01
.008
.008
.02
.07
.02
.006
.02
.24
.02
.01
C02
9.72
10.3
11.5
10.6
9.35
10.4
11.9
10.2
8.82
9.72
10.7
11.4
10.2
9.26
10.6
12.1
10.3
8.87
10.2
10.6
11.5
10.6
9.26
10.3
11.9
10.3
8.73
10.2
10.7
11.5
10.9
9.30
10.7
11.9
10.3
8.92
HC,
pptnC
357
449
229
138
144
144
222
108
109
357
161
141
121
98
109
190
79
104
76
138
138
88
75
115
173
69
86
76
127
127
92
81
97
150
68
81
"Ox,*
ppm
43
188
650
311
130
263
1,136
280
103
43
240
645
265
131
305
1,136
274
103
52
286
641
345
134
289
1,161
289
107
52
269
658
384
136
353
1,190
278
109
Grams /hr
CO
85.3
269
223
58.5
13.6
50.8
1,490
32.2
13.3
85.3
68.8
186
25.0
10.1
42.9
1,241
26.7
10.3
4.31
45.3
187
36.6
8.95
35.4
1,016
27.1
9.04
4.31
44.0
174
43.1
9.50
42.9
809
31.5
10.8
HC
10.1
47.6
30.4
13.5
11.2
14.4
38.0
11.1
6.26
10.1
16.1
18.3
12.2
7.19
10.3
31.4
7.63
5.9
1.95
13.5
17.7
8.27
5.61
11.4
28.8
6.85
4.95
1.95
12.3
16.1
8.40
6.15
9.15
24.7
6.54
4.52
N02*
4.07
66.2
287
101
33.8
87.3
646
95.8
19.6
4.07
79.9
278
89.0
31.8
95.3
624
88.0
19.36
4.48
92.7
274
108
33.3
94.9
642
95.2
20.5
4.48
86.4
277
116
34.4
110
652
88.9
20.2
         =Composite Cycle Bnissions=-
               =9-mode cycle=
         BSCO
         BSHC
         BSN02
         BSFC
6.46  g/bhp-hr
 .45  g/bhp-hr
5.52  g/bhp-hr
 .771 Ib/bhp-hr
        =Test Conditions=

Barometer  745 mmHg
Humidity    57.8 grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 73°  F
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
   x                                  *•
                                               101

-------
          TABLE  E-4.  -  Emissions (downstream of catalysts)  for jtasoltne engine at 583
                                  engine  hours and 518  hours on  emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
117
470
601
448
329
453
767
430
252
117
455
595
440
321
446 ,
756
420
252
107
446
596
430
311
441
754
424
253
107
445
591
433
323
434
753
425
253
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.7
23.5
32.2
22.2
15.0
22.3
42.5
21.5
11.0
5.7
22.2
32.0
21.7
14.5
21.8
42.0
20.8
11.0
5.2
21.7
32.0
21.2
14.0
21.5
41.8
21.0
11.0
5.2
21.7
31.5
21.3
14.5
21.2
41.8
21.0
11.6
A/F
19.6
19.0
17.6
19.2
21.0
19.3
17.0
19.0
21.9
19.6
19.5
17.6
19.3
21.2
19.5
17.0
19.2
21.9
19.5
19.5
17.6
19.3
21.2
19.5
17.0
19.2
22.0
19.5
19.5
17.7
19.3
21.3
19.5
17.0
19.2
22.0
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.12
.10
.03
.02
.01
.02
.11
.03
.02
.12
.02
.04
.02
.01
.02
.10
.02
.01
.01
.02
.05
.02
.01
.02
.10
.02
.01
.01
.02
.04
.02
.01
.02
.10
.01
.01
C02
9.83
10.25
10.96
10.06
9.21
9.96
11.21
10.04
8.81
9.83
10.04
11.14
10.06
9.17
10.07
11.41
10.06
8.81
9.98
10.01
11.04
10.06
9.13
10.01
11.33
10.13
8.82
9.98
10.04
10.93
9.96
9.07
9.97
11.33
9.96
8.82
HC,
pptnC
280
646
256
215
151
258
400
194
167
280
247
247
221
129
241
312
151
140
84
258
212
187
140
215
312
156
105
84
228
194
161
118
215
301
142
142
NOx*
ppm
45
255
692
304
142
298
1,648
330
141
45
292
761
332
156
328
1,691
347
144
54
296
796
332
164
320
1,695
347
148
54
305
768
330
158
322
1,751
347
144
Grams /hr
CO
62.9
214
91.1
37.6
15.7
42.5
378
54.3
17.3
62.9
36.3
111
35.0
13.8
37.6
316
37.0
14.9
3.66
32.0
124
35.9
13.7
33.3
317
39.9
14.9
3.66
33.5
97.9
33.1
14.9
32.2
317
37.3
14.9
HC
7.26
66.1
33.9
21.4
11.1
26.1
67.8
18.7
9.42
7.26
24.7
32.0
21.5
9.23
23.6
51.5
14.1
7.90
1.98
25.2
27.7
17.8
9.71
20.9
51.6
14.6
5.93
1.98
22.3
25.2
15.6
8.54
20.6
49.8
13.5
8.01
N02*
3.89
76.6
305
101
34.7
100
929
106
26.4
3.89
97.0
327
107
37.1
106
928
108
27.1
4.22
96.2
346
105
37.8
103
932
108
27.7
4.22
98.8
332
106
37.9
103
963
110
26.9
          =Composite Cycle Emissions=
                =9-mode cycle=
          BSCO
          BSHC
          BSNO,
          BSFC
2.79  g/bhp-hr
 .72  g/bhp-hr
7.19  g/bhp-hr
 .731 Ib/bhp-hr
        =Test Conditions—

Barometer  745.5 mmHg
Humidity    64.6 grains H20/lb  dry  air
Inlet air temperature 75°  F
*NO  data corrected  to  75  grains H.O/lb  humidity.
                                               102

-------
         TABLE E-5.  - Emissions  (downstream of catalysts)  for  gasoline engine at 679
                             engine hours and 614 hours  on emission  controls
Cycle
No.

1








2








3








4









Mode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
128
465
617
439
325
448
772
434
255
128
455
594
440
311
446 ,
767
432
255
116
454
602
437
323
454
774
431
257
116
451
606
433
324
444
763
429
256
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.7
23.0
33.2
22.0
14.8
22.2
42.8
21.5
11.3
6.7
22.3
32.0
21.5
14.0
21.7
42.4
21.3
11.3
6.2
22.0
32.3
21.3
14.5
22.0
42.7
21.0
11.3
6.2
22.0
32.0
21.0
14.5
21.5
42.0
21.0
11.3

A/F

18.2
19.2
17.6
18.9
20.9
19.2
17.0
19.2
21.6
18.2
19.4
17.6
19.5
21.2
19.6
17.1
19.3
21.6
17.7
19.6
17.6
19.5
21.3
19.6
17.1
19.5
21.7
17.7
19.5
17.9
19.6
21.4
19.6
17.2
19.4
21.6

Volume
CO
0.26
.10
.05
.34
.009
.02
.10
.02
.01
.26
.02
.07
.02
.01
.02
.09
.02
.02
.01
.01
.05
.01
.01
.01
.08
.02
.01
.01
.02
.03
.01
.008
.01
.06
.02
.01

percent
C02
10.52
9.96
10.92
9.94
9.25
10.16
11.33
10.06
9.08
10.52
10.18
11.14
9.97
9.17
9.98
11.33
10.06
9.08
11:04
10.08
11.04
9.98
9.17
9.98
11.34
9.87
8.91
11.04
9.97
10.84
9.88
9.07
9.88
11.22
10.07
8.99
1
HP
m,,
ppmC
239
401
245
184
78
234
323
142
37
239
234
200
151
67
161
245
120
53
56
167
161
122
56
145
228
106
41
56
161
117
109
56
134
200
104
45
Emission
Mc\ *
NOX^
ppm
51
228
684
303
145
281
1,681
328
142
51
250
727
310
168
309
1,747
337
147
54
284
772
323
170
327
1,856
344
148
54
310
740
321
179
321
1,726
355
151
s

CO
148
207
148
670
13.7
50.1
351
39.3
16.4
148
43.3
178
31.8
14.8
32.1
296
38.9
19.7
4.91
24.2
126
28.4
14.8
29.3
259
36.3
16.7
4.91
30.9
87.3
28.3
11.9
28.2
221
32.7
13.6

Grams /h
HC
6.72
41.4
33.6
17.8
5.65
23.1
54.7
13.7
2.08
6.72
23.2
25.9
14.7
4.63
15.8
41.2
11.5
2.98
1.42
16.5
21.2
11.8
4.01
14.5
38.6
10.2
2.35
1.42
16.1
15.6
10.5
4.05
13.2
33.7
9.81
2.56

r
N02*
4.77
78.4
311
97.5
34.8
91.9
945
105
26.5
4.77
82.2
312
100
38.6
101
975
107
27.5
4.52
93.1
338
104
40.4
108
1,044
110
28.2
4.52
103
328
103
43.0
105
966
111
28.4
         =£omposite Cycle  Emisslons=
               =9-mode  cycle=

         BSCO          3.19  g/bhp-hr
         BSHC           .60  g/bhp-hr
         BSNOo         7.37  g/bhp-hr
         BSFC           .746 Ib/bhp-hr
        =Test Conditions=

Barometer  742.4 mraHg
Humidity    69.9 grains  H20/lb  dry  air
Inlet air temperature 76°  F
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
                                                103

-------
           TABLE E-6.  -  Bnisslons  (downstream  of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 835
                                engine hours and 770 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
88.7
433
624
417
290
428
752
414
188
88.7
420
602
398
301
416
736
394
183
95.7
412
608
402
291
395
727
393
183
95.7
416
591
394
292
403
736
391
183
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.0
23.8
35.2
22.3
14.2
22.7
44.2
21.5
10.0
6.0
22.3
33.9
21.3
14.5
22.2
43.6
21.0
9.5
6.0
22.0
34.4
21.5
14.0
21.2
43.0
20.2
9.4
6.0
22.3
33.8
21.2
14.0
21.6
43.8
21.0
9.3
A/F
13.8
17.2
16.7
17.7
19.4
17.8
16.0
18.3
17.8
13.8
17.8
16.8
17.7
19.8
17.7
15.9
17.8
18.2
14.9
17.7
16.7
17.7
19.8
17.6
15.9
18.5
18.5
14.9
17.6
16.5
17.6
19.9
17.7
15.8
17.6

Volume n
CO
3.64
.45
.03
.04
.01
.04
.09
.01
.005
3.64
.04
.02
.03
.007
.04
.08
.03
.006
.16
.04
.05
.03
.006
.03
.07
.01
.004
.16
.05
.10
.02
.009
.03
.26
.02
18.6 I .004
ercent
co2
8.95
10.67
11.42
10.70
9.76
10.71
11.83
10.42
10.71
8.95
10.32
11.42
10.70
9.58
10.71
11.93
10.49
10.42
11.71
10.70
11.41
10.70
9.49
10.92
11.93
10.32
10.22
11.71
10.81
11.51
10.81
9.59
10.82
10.93
10.81
10.23
Emissions
HC,
pproC
4,787
1,052
96
138
45
197
145
62
109
4,787
224
55
81
42
129
118
59
105
1,091
158
53
76
30
99
121
43
89
1,091
151
89
66
39
92
145
55
53
NOX,*
ppm
30
223
590
280
131
291
1,303
285
78
30
250
612
297
154
287
1,385
297
77
40
286
650
310
151
301
1,402
270
69
40
284
494
314
151
301
1,167
323
74
Grams/hr
CO
1,532
882
96.1
80.8
12.9
72.0
293
22.7
4.43
1,532
85.5
66.0
53.1
10.1
77.2
250
47.7
4.71
71.5
85.5
140
50.7
7.70
57.3
231
18.6
3.70
71.5
92.3
272
38.4
11.61
49.8
915
41.4
3.67
HC
99.7
101
13.4
13.0
2.96
18.8
24.4
5.79
4.61
99.7
21.8
7.39
7.29
2.88
12.0
19.4
5.34
4.34
24.8
14.6
7.21
6.90
2.01
8.68
19.6
3.81
3.71
24.8
14.0
11.7
5.86
2.58
8.31
25.7
4.83
2.18
N02*
2.07
71.3
273
87.4
28.6
92.3
727
88.5
10.9
2.07
80.9
273
88.8
35.2
89.2
757
89.4
10.55
3.05
88.0
294
93.5
33.5
87.8
756
79.5
9.58
3.05
87.7
216
92.6
33.2
90.4
688
94.2
10.1
         =Composite Cycle Emissions^
                =9-mode cycle=
          BSCO
          BSHC
          BSN02
          BSFC
8.99  g/bhp-hr
 .77  g/bhp-hr
5.65  g/bhp-hr
 .750 Ib/bhp-hr
        =Test Conditions=

Barometer  741.6 mmHg
Humidity    64.9 grains H20/lb dry air
Inlet air temperature 75°  F
*NO  data are corrected  to  75  grains H-0/lb humidity.
                                                 104

-------
          TABLE E-7.
- fonisslons (downstream of catalysts)  for gasoline engine at 902
         engine hours and 837 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
108
473
628
420
298
435
840
365
172
108
441
624
416
323
435
810
406
205
100
449
621
432
323
438
788
415
201
100
439
621
428
305
438
777
420
200
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.8
24.5
33.6
21.2
13.8
22.0
46.8
18.2
8.5
6.8
22.5
33.2
21.0
15.0
22.0
45.0
20.0
10.0
6.2
22.8
33.2
22.0
15.0
22.2
43.7
21.2
9.8
6.2
22.2
33.3
21.7
14.2
22.2
43.2
20.8
9.6
A/F
14.9
18.3
17.7
18.8
20.6
18.8
16.9
19.1
19.2
14.9
18.6
17.8
18.8
20.6
18.8
17.0
19.3
19.5
15.1
18.7
17.7
18.6
20.6
18.7
17.0
18.6
19.5
15.1
18.8
17.7
18.7
20.5
18.7
17.0
19.2
19.8
Emissions
Volume p
CO
2.37
.38
.08
.14
.02
.14
.14
.02
.002
2-. 37
.12
.02
.04
.009
.05
.10
.01
.002
.97
.08
.07
.04
.01
.06
.07
.02
.002
.97
.03
.10
.03
.01
.04
.08
.01
.002
ercent
CO 2
10.25
10.64
11.26
10.67
9.72
10.56
11.68
10.36
10.48
10.25
10.77
11.39
10.67
9.62
10.78
11.80
10.27
10.39
12.21
10.66
11.27
10.77
9.72
10.77
11.68
10.76
10.39
12.21
10.67
11.38
10.67
9.72
10.77
11.79
10.37
10.20
HC,
ppmC
2,269
861
225
323
68
323
303
117
34
2,269
264
117
147
54
196
210
93
20
489
186
137
127
59
166
200
110
24
489
259
108
127
49
166
200
88
20
NO ,*
X
ppm
49
255
688
297
145
295
1,633
334
95
49
292
746
320
160
330
1,680
343
90
42
327
692
358
180
330
1,691
373
93
42
332
784
350
177
344
1,711
351
97
Gra
CO
1,148
762
206
250
23.6
270
515
28.9
1.47
1,148
233
65.2
73.3
12.7
92.0
328
25.4
1.75
417
149
199
73.0
14.2
109
252
33.5
2.11
417
55.5
253
60.4
13.5
67.4
265
23.5
1.72
ms/hr
HC
54.5
86.2
30.2
28.6
4.37
30.0
54.3
9.29
1.25
54.5
24.7
15.4
13.1
3.81
18.0
36.0
8.20
.87
10.4
17.9
18.2
11.7
4.12
15.4
33.7
9.80
1.03
10.4
24.3
14.2
11.7
3.24
15.4
33.0
7.99
.85
NO 2*
3.88
84.6
306
87.5
30.9
91.2
972
88.2
11.5
3.88
90.6
327
94.3
37.5
101
956
100
13.1
2.98
104
305
110
41.8
102
945
110
13.2
2.98
104
342
107
38.9
106
936
106
13.7
      =Compostte Cycle Emlssions=
            =9-mode  cycle=
      BSCO
      BSHC
      BSN02
      BSFC
 9.64  g/bhp-hr
  .71  g/bhp-hr
 7.08  g/bhp-hr
  .752 Ib/bhp-hr
         ==Test Conditlons=
   /
Barometer  740.8 mmHg
Humidity    55.4 grains H20/lb  dry  air
Inlet air temperature 76°  F
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H 0/lb humidity.
   x                                  2
                                                105

-------
             TABLE E-8. - Emissions (downstream of catalysts)  for gasoline engine at 1.062
                                  engine hours and 997 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
134
500
657
481
352
486
822
466
211
134
481
636
471
361
467
805
457
213
128
480
643
468
340
444
802
448
210
128
458
628
455
338
458
790
448
214
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
7.0
25.0
34.8
23.0
15.7
23.0
45.0
22.5
9.2
7.0
24.0
33.3
23.7
16.0
23.3
44.5
22.0
9.3
6.6
23.9
33.8
22.3
15.0
22.0
44.2
21.7
9.2
6.6
23.0
33.5
22.0
15.2
23.2
43.8
22.0
9.3
A/F
18.2
19.0
17.9
19.9
21.5
20.1
17.3
19.7
21.9
18.2
19.0
18.1
18.9
21.6
19.1
17.1
19.8
21.9
18.4
19.1
18.0
20.0
21.7
19.2
17.1
19.6
21.8
18.4
18.9
17.7
19.7
21.3
18.7
17.0
19.2
22.1
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.38
.33
.08
.04
.04
.11
.12
.04
.02
.38
.10
.06
.10
.05
.12
.12
.04
.14
.02
.10
.05
.06
.06
.13
.13
.06
.02
.02
.10
.07
.06
.06
.13
.12
.06
.02
C02
10.85
10.25
11.40
10.20
9.46
10.11
11.82
10.40
9.10
10.85
10.68
11.30
10.78
9.38
10.58
12.04
10.30
9.29
11.20
10.69
11.41
10.21
9.38
10.48
11.81
10.19
9.09
11.20
10.46
11.15
9.98
9.26
10.45
11.56
10.27
9.10
HC,
ppinC
866
1,423
142
320
261
510
142
166
130
866
605
83
380
380
593
119
101
107
142
534
70
249
439
534
119
130
107
142
534
69
178
510
474
119
125
101
NOx,*
ppm
63
270
537
311
143
311
1,179
326
81
63
314
552
318
143
309
1,189
327
81
63
311
599
347
152
318
1,200
328
84
63
300
539
334
143
326
1,243
347
85
Grams /hr
CO
213
712
223
92.8
55.1
223
430
89.1
16.9
213
210
156
206
77.8
234
409
86.7
13.2
13.2
194
147
127
91.0
249
441
121
14.7
13.2
198
183
121
85.1
255
406
107
14.9
HC
24.3
150
19.5
32.5
19.5
51.8
24.2
16.2
5.94
24.3
60.7
11.0
37.4
29.1
58.3
19.7
9.74
4.85
3.78
53.4
9.36
24.5
31.5
50.0
20.0
12.5
4.90
3.78
52.5
9.34
17.7
37.5
46.9
20.2
12.1
4.67
N02*
5.90
94.6
245
105
35.6
105
669
106
12.3
5.90
105
244
104
36.5
101
654
105
12.1
5.61
103
266
113
36.3
99.0
669
104
12.8
5.61
98.0
242
110
35.0
107
702
111
13.1
         =Composite Cycle  Emissions?
               =9-mode cycle
=Test Condi tions=
BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC
5.90
.80
5.61
.771
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
Ib/bhp-hr
. Barometer
Humidity
Inlet air
745 mmHg
69.6 grains H2
temperature 76°
0/lb
F
dry air
*NO
     data are corrected to 75 grains H.O/lb humidity.
                                                    106

-------
          TABLE E-9.  - Emissions (downstream of jcatalysts)  for gasoline engine at  1.067
                              engine hours and 17002 hours  on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
> 28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
126
473
650
443
336
445
812
427
169
126
447
617
445
338
450
803
424
171
123
452
618
444
339
445
805
427
173
123
450
617
429
331
450
805
436
178
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
6.2
23.0
34.0
21.7
14.6
21.8
43.7
21.2
7.0
6.2
22.2
32.0
21.8
14.7
22.0
43.5
21.0
7.0
6.2
22.0
32.0
21.7
14.7
21.8
43.0
21.0
7.0
6.2
21.8
31.7
21.0
14.3
21.8
43.0
20.7
7.0
A/F
19.4
19.6
18.1
19.4
22.0
19.4
17.6
19.2
23.1
19.4
19.1
18.3
19.4
22.0
19.4
17.5
19.2
23.4
18.9
19.5
18.3
19.4
22.1
19.4
17.7
19.3
23.8
18.9
19.6
18.5
19.4
22.2
19.7
17.7
20.1
24.4
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.69
.29
.11
.08
.04
.06
.14
.05
.16
.69
.12
.11
.05
.04
.06
.13
.04
.02
.03
.06
.10
.05
.04
.07
.12
.05
.02
.03
.06
.09
.06
.04
.06
.12
.04
.02
C02
9.76
9.98
11.18
10.49
9.20
10.49
11.60
10.69
8.50
9.76
10.80
11.19
10.60
9.29
10.71
11.83
10.80
8.59
10.90
10.61
11.19
10.49
9.29
10.60
11.61
10.60
8.43
10.90
10.50
11.20
10.60
9.30
10.40
11.62
10.21
8.27
HC,
ppmC
481
1,068
192
235
171
246
182
123
2,478
481
214
144
150
139
224
150
91
2,221
101
267
134
139
128
160
147
107
2,136
101
235
139
128
96
182
144
96
1,922
NO*,*
ppm
55.9
271
598
310
130
288
1,274
327
62.2
55.9
305
595
337
139
302
1,317
332
62.3
63.6
311
616
332
137
323
1,302
332
62.4
63.6
304
643
337
137
311
1,351
323
62.5
Grams /hr
CO
371
588
296
152
52.9
119
486
97.7
115
371
218
279
101
52.7
118
445
64.0
13.4
14.0
119
256
102
52.7
135
419
97.8
13.6
14.0
119
231
114
51.3
121
390
83.7
14.0
HC
12.9
107
26.2
21.8
12.2
23.0
30.7
11.0
88.3
12.9
19.7
18.5
13.9
9.92
20.7
24.7
7.99
79.8
2.60
24.9
17.2
13.0
9.13
14.8
24.4
9.56
78.3
2.60
21.9
17.7
11.4
6.66
17.2
23.9
8.78
72.0
N02*
4.98
90.6
271
95.7
30.9
89.5
713
97.1
7.37
4.98
93.4
253
102
32.9
92.6
720
96.7
7.4
5.43
96.2
263
103
32.5
99.4
717
98.5
7.60
5.43
94.2
271.6
99.7
31.7
97.4
745
98.0
7.77
        =Composite  Cycle  Emissions:
              =9-mode  cycle=
        BSCO
        BSHC
        BSN02
        BSFC
6.25  g/bhp-hr
 .92  g/bhp-hr
5.77  g/bhp-hr
 .729 Ib/bhp-hr
        ==Test Condi tions=

Barometer 744.6 mmHg
Humidity  66.0   grains H20/lb dry  air
Inlet air temperature 75° F
*NO  data are corrected to 75 grains H_0/lb humidity.
   x                                  '
                                                107

-------
          TABLE E-10. - Emissions (downstream of catalysts)  for gasoline engine at 1.115
                                engine hours and 1.050 hours on emission controls
Cycle
Mo.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
110
513
591
464
361
468
757
427
229
110
469
594
461
362
486
763
444
236
106
468
608
461
362
458
778
457
235
106
468
599
456
362
478
758
447
233
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.0
25.5
32.3
23.8
16.5
24.0
44.0
22.0
9.5
5.0
24.2
32.8
23.7
16.5
24.0
43.8
22.8
9.5
4.8
24.0
34.0
23.8
16.5
23.7
43.8
23.2
9.6
4.8
24.3
33.3
23.7
16.5
23.8
43.3
23.2
9.5
A/F
21.1
19.1
17.3
18.4
20.9
18.5
16.2
18.4
23.2
21.1
18.4
17.1
18.4
20.9
19.3
16.4
18.5
23.8
21.0
18.5
16.9
18.4
20.9
18.3
16.8
18.7
23.5
21.0
18.3
17.0
18.2
20.9
19.1
16.5
18.3
23.5
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.12
.07
.15
.05
.02
.04
.21
.03
.02
.12
.04
.12
.03
.02
.02
.01
.02
.02
.02
.03
.18
.03
.02
.03
.20
.03
.02
.02
.03
.14
.03
.02
.02
.14
.03
.02
C02
9.06
10.05
10.90
10.33
9.25
10.33
11.49
10.54
8.23
9.06
10.43
11.10
10.43
9.25
9.96
11.50
10.33
7.74
9.25
10.33
11.20
10.53
9.25
10.53
9.40
10.34
8.07
9.25
10.53
11.09
10.53
9.25
10.05
11.51
10.53
8.07
HC,
ppnC
468
359
316
158
228
131
239
76
2,176
468
163
169
76
190
98
174
54
2,176
125
125
152
65
131
76
174
54
1,958
125
120
152
65
120
76
163
54
1,958
NO*,*
ppm
54
190
606
219
113
206
1,227
232
79
54
208
613
235
115
216
1,314
249
79
61.0
206
595
247
115
229
1,360
258
83.7
61.0
232
630
251
115
226
1,463
265
81.0
Grams /hr
CO
58.7
166
405
113
29.4
84.9
715
58.7
19.5
58.7
93.4
327
64.1
25.8
54.4
514
49.6
20.8
7.51
72.5
490
70.5
30.7
70.2
818
66.7
20.2
7.51
72.0
375
63.4
25.8
46.8
482
68.7
21.6
HC
11.5
40.9
41.8
16.4
18.4
13.7
40.7
7.17
111
11.5
17.1
22.4
7.80
15.3
10.7
29.6
5.40
118
2.93
13.1
20.6
6.64
10.6
7.72
36.0
5.48
103
2.93
12.5
20.4
6.62
9.68
8.14
27.4
5.38
102
NOj*
4.40
71.4
266
75.5
30.2
71.7
693
72.7
13.3
4.40
72.3
270
80.0
30.8
78.1
743
82.7
14.2
4.76
71.9
268
83.6
30.8
77.4
933
87.0
14.6
4.76
80.3
281
84.7
30.8
80.4
818
87.5
14.0
         =Composite Cycle Emissions:
               =9-mode cycle=
=Test Conditions=
BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC
6.22 g/bhp-hr
.95 g/bhp-hr
6.22 g/bhp-hr
.763 Ib/bhp-hr
Barometer 74 1 . 2 mmHg
Humidity 63.11 grains H20/lb
Inlet air temperature 73° F
dry air
*NO  data corrected to 75 grains H,0/lb humidity
   *                              £.
                                                  108

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       TABLE E-ll. - Emissions (downstream of catalysts) for gasoline engine at 1.116
                            engine hours and 1.051 hours on emission controls
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
0
28
56
28
9
28
84
28
0
Exhaust
flow,
Ib/hr
110
480
595
461
365
464
756
458
235
110
475
589
451
350
463
750
447
230
104
467
591
461
359
459
754
436
237
104
462
595
442
359
439
747
430
240
Fuel
flow,
Ib/hr
5.0
25.0
33.0
24.0
17.0
24.0
44.0
23.2
9.7
5.0
24.5
32.5
23.5
16.0
24.0
44.0
23.0
9.6
4.8
24.0
32.8
23.8
16.5
23.8
43.8
22.5
9.8
4.8
23.8
33.0
23.2
16.5
23.0
43.5
22.5
9.9
A/F
21.0
18.2
17.0
18.2
20.5
18.3
16.2
18.7
23.2
21.0
18.4
17.1
18.2
20.9
18.3
16.1
18.4
23.0
20.7
18.5
17.0
18.4
20.7
18.3
16.2
18.4
23.2
20.7
18.4
17.0
18.1
20.8
18.1
16.2
18.1
23.2
Emissions
Volume percent
CO
0.20
.32
.19
.07
.03
.05
.23
.04
.03
.20
.05
.13
.05
.02
.05
.25
.05
.03
.01
.04
.12
.04
.02
.04
.22
.05
.02
.01
.04
.12
.04
.02
.04
.20
.04
.02
C02
9.06
10.31
11.10
10.63
9.52
10.53
11.61
10.34
8.32
9.06
10.43
11.11
10.52
9.34
10.42
12.06
10.54
8.31
9.43
10.33
11.33
10.54
9.43
10.53
11.61
10.54
8.32
9.43
10.43
11.21
10.73
9.43
10.73
11.72
10.73
8.32
HC,
ppmC
597
640
373
149
107
111
245
85
2,025
597
149
181
85
133
101
203
75
1,919
117
117
165
85
171
85
181
64
1,812
117
123
160
80
175
69
171
64
1,706
NO*,*
ppm
54
184
606
221
114
213
1,221
235
80
54
213
654
743
113
226
1,258
239
80
61.5
208
645
252
119
247
1,303
243
80
61.5
213
645
260
120
268
1,324
264
84
Grams /hr
CO
98.5
691
499
147
44.4
112
781
73.6
28.7
98.5
96.1
330
91.3
28.5
94.1
808
89.3
28.4
4.23
76.2
326
74.0
29.1
74.0
748
87.4
19.4
4.23
74.7
332
70.7
29.1
70.1
649
68.6
19.6
HC
14.5
67.9
49.3
15.1
8.64
11.4
41.2
8.61
104
14.5
15.8
23.7
8.57
10.3
10.5
32.9
7.39
98.0
2.70
12.2
21.4
8.67
13.5
8.68
30.4
6.17
94.6
2.70
12.7
21.1
7.82
13.8
6.68
28.3
6.06
90.1
N02*
4.34
64.7
266
74.6
30.6
72.5
683
79.0
13.7
4.34
74.8
285
81.2
28.9
77.8
677
78.1
13.5
4.71
72.6
278
85.3
31.2
83.8
726
77.8
13.9
4.71
72.3
282
84.3
31.4
86.3
727
83.1
14.8
    ==Compo8ite  Cycle  Emissions?
          =9-mode cycle=
                                                              ==Test Conditions^
BSCO
BSHC
BSN02
BSFC
6
1
5

.80
.01
.56
.760
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
g/bhp-hr
Ib/bhp-hr
Barometer
Humidity
Inlet air

740 . 7 nnnHg
65.67
grains
HoO/lb
temperature 73°' F



dry air


*NO
data are corrected to 75 grains H00/lb humidity
                                 £.
                                            109

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Description and code identification of engines
Engine code
number
Engine manufacturer
Engine
model
Engine type
DIESEL ENGINES
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Caterpillar Tractor Company
Caterpillar Tractor Company
General Motors Corp.,
Detroit Diesel Allison Div»
Mack Truck, Inc.
International Harvester Company
Mack Trucks, Inc.
Cummins Engine Company
1160
1673C
8V-71N
ENDT-675
DV-550B -
ENDT-865
N-927
Open
chamber, naturally aspirated
Precombustion chamber, turbocharged
Open
Open
Open
Open
Open
chamber, 2-cycle, Roots blown
chamber, turbocharged
chamber, MAN, naturally aspirated
chamber, turbocharged
chamber, naturally aspirated
GASOLINE ENGINES
22
23
International Harvester Company
Chrysler Corporation
V-345
318-1


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