71-26
Emission Results From A Texaco Catalyst Concept
  Applied To A. Previously Uncontrolled Engine
                  April 1971
                John C. Thomson
    Mobile Source Pollution Control Program
         Air Pollution Control Office
        ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

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Vehicle Tested

For this test a 1967 Pontiac Tempest station wagon with an

overhead cam six cylinder engine was used.  The engine was

modified to provide internal exhaust gas recirculation

through camshaft changes.  In addition, an air pump and a

catalytic reactor were added to provide further exhaust

emission reductions.  An inertia weight of 3500 pounds and

equivalent horsepower settings were used.                 <




A special Texaco design ignition system was provided to

allow operation at leaner fuel air ratios and to provide

more energy for spark propagation.


Test Procedures

In order to evaluate the emission performance on the vehicle

tested, a complete series of emission tests, both hot and

cold were run.  The test cycles used were as follows:

    1.  1970 Federal Emission Test Procedure (FTP)

    2.  1972 Federal Emission Test Procedure (LA 4)

    3.  A combination,.using nine (9) repeats of the 1970

    driving cycle with the 1972 mass 'sampling technique (9 x 7)


Both hot and cold start tests were run to compare the cold

portion contribution and the contribution due to the cold
                                         ii
start.

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                          - 2 -



For the 1970 test procedure a, ncm<-dispersive >infrared



technique;-was used f6r NOoanalysis ins addoLitdon to the



instrumentation specified in the Federal Register.





For the 1972 test procedure NO^ measurements were made



using both the chemilumeniscent technique and a modified



Saltzman method.  Both measurements were corrected for



humidity using the formula published in the February 27,



1971, Federal Register.





Emission Results



The results of these tests are reported in Tables 1 and 2.



In Table 1 a comparison is made between hot and cold start



emissions using the 1972 Federal emission test procedure.



The vehicle does not meet the 1975 standards although it



easily passes the 1972-1974 levels.  As can be seen from



the hot and cold start comparison the majority of the hydro-



carbons and carbon monoxide are produced during the cold



portion of the test while NQ^ is relatively unaffected by



either cold or hot start.





The results shown in Table 2 indicate that the vehicle



meets the 1970 emission standards easily.





Sincerthere were no evaporative emission controls, no



attempt to measure these emissions was made.

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                          - 3 -



Conclusions



The vehicle, as tested, did not meet the requirements of



1975 or 1976 emission standards.  The results of the hot



start tests indicate that with better control over the



choke and warm up, 1975 emission standards could be met.



The prospect of this vehicle meeting 1976 standards seem



slight without some type of further NOX control.

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             Table 1





1972 Federal Emission Tests (LA 4)
Test Type
Cold Start
Hot Start
Cold Start
Hot Start
Cold Start
Hot Start
1975 Standards
HC
FID
1.2
0.1
0.7
0.1
0.8
0.1
0.46
•CO
IR
8.6
0.7-
8.0
0.8
10.8
0.7
4.7
C02
IR
722
618
699
603
870
583
___ •
NO*
Saltzman
1.6
1.6
1.3
1.1
1.6
1.0
— — —
NOx
CI
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.7
1.6
3.0

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Test Type



FTP Cold

FTP Hot

9x7 Cold

9x7 Hot
                             Table 2
                1970 Federal Emission Tests (FTP)
                    and Composite Tests (9x7)
HC
FID or IR
0.3
0.1
1.8
0.1
CO
IR
1.0
0.1
4.7
0.4
CO 2
IR
	 	
	
641
547
NO
IR
1.6
1.7
	
___
NOX
Saltzman
	
	
1.0
0.9

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