74-28 DWP
Fuel Economy and Emissions from Five
        Medium Duty Vehicles
             April 1974
     Test and Evaluation Branch
Emission Control Technology Division
   Environmental Protection Agency

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Background

The Propulsion Systems Division of the U.S. Army Tank
Automotive Command contacted ECTD requesting fuel
economy testing on five medium duty trucks. As part
of EPA's cooperative effort with the U.S. Army and
EPA's continuing interest in the characterization of
medium duty vehicle emissions, a test program was
scheduled at the Ann Arbor laboratory.

Test Program

The five vehicles had 3/4-ton pick-up bodies and all
except one  (the Dodge), had front wheel drive. The
front drive was disengaged during all testing.

These vehicles, described in the attached Table I,
were tested for emissions and fuel economy using the
constant volume sampling technique over the LA4
('75 FTP) driving cycle, the EPA non-metropolitan
high speed cycle, and at 50 mph steady state.  All
tests were conducted using the proposed medium duty
dynamometer loading. One set of tests was run on
each vehicle. Vehicles were tuned by Army personnel
prior to testing. In some cases due to very poor cold
start driveability readjustment of the choke was
required.

Test Results
Test results are given in Table II.  1972 FTP results
were calculated using the bag 1 and bag 2 data from
the '75 FTP tests. It should be noted that emissions
for the non-metropolitan high speed cycle, and the
50 mph steady state are given for information only.
There are no emission standards for these high speed
cycles.

Significant fuel economy differences were observed
between the five vehicles. The Dodge achieved the best
fuel economy on all three cycles used. The Jeep placed
second on all three cycles with arithmetic average
economy  (for all three cycles) that was 8.0% worse
than the Dodge. The Chevrolet and Ford were 16.8% and
19.0% worse than the Dodge respectively. The IHC
vehicle demonstrated very poor economy on the two
higher speed cycles, averaging 38.0% worse than the
Dodge.

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                           -2-
S ultima ry

1. The Dodge and Jeep vehicles demonstrated significantly
   better fuel economy than the other three vehicles tested.
   Additionally, the Jeep and Dodge had lower emissions than
   the average of the five vehicles.

2. The IHC vehicle demonstrated significantly worse high
   speed fuel economy than the other vehicles tested.

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                                       TABLE I

                                 Vehicle Description
Model/Year
1974
1974
1973
1974
Eng. Disp.
CID
360
318
360
345
Garb.
2V
IV
2V
2V
Curb Wt.
Pounds
4500
4100
5020
4950
Vehicle

Jeep/L-46

Dodge/D-200

Ford/F-250

IHC/200

Chevrolet/Fleet-
side               1973                  350                4V                4950

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  TABLE II
Test Results
'75 FTP Results

Vehicle
Jeep
Dodge
Ford
IHC
Chevrolet
Inertia
Pounds
6000
6000
6500
6500
6500
Load Hp@
50 mph
27.5
27.5
32.3
32.3
32.3
HC
gin/mi
2.01
4.54
5.56
5.19
3.11
Cfc
gm/mi
23.0
42.2
54.8
103.4
28.0
NOx
gm/mi
3.77
3.78
6.74
4.07
7.68
Econ.
mph
9.7
10.8
8.1
8.1
8.9
HC
gm/mi
2.19
5.25
6.99
6.07
3.74
1 72 FTP
CO
gm/mi
31.87
60.60
100.29
129.00
31.07
Results
NOx
gm/mi
3o41
3.41
6.41
3.54
7.59
Econ.
mph
9.4
10.3
7.6
7.9
8.6
High Spd.

Vehicle
Jeep
Dodge
Ford
IHC
Chevrolet
Inertia
Pounds
6000
6000
6500
6500
6500
Load Hp@
50 mph
27.5
27.5
32.3
32.3
32.3
HC
gm/mi
0.62
1.90
2.61
2.08
1.16
CO
gm/mi
9.31
10.12
13.53
30.15
9.24
Non-Metro
NOx
gm/mi
5.92
4.64
9.61
9.38
8.79
Econ.
mph
13.4
15.4
12.9
8.2
12.4
Stdy. State 50 mph
HC
gm/mi
0.60
1.98
2.90
0.99
0.90
CO
gm/mi
7.50
10.59
15.97
12.58
7.25
NOx
gm/mi
5.62
5.04
6.71
7.94
7.56
Econ.
mph
14.7
14.8
12.3
9.2
13.0

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