74-2 DWP
Evaluation of the Gould Incorporated
NOx Catalyst
July 1973
Emission Control Technology Division
Office of Air and Water Programs
Environmental Protection Agency
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Background
Gould Incorporated has had a long-term development program in
the area of NOx catalysts. Because their catalyst has demon-
strated potential for good NOx control, a test program on a
low mileage vehicle was undertaken by the Test and Evaluation
Branch of the Emission Control Technology Division.
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Device Description
The emission control system was installed on a 1972 Ford Gran
Torino with a 351 CID engine. The emission control system
included:
a) One Englehard PTX-4237 catalyst per cylinder bank
b) One Gould NOx catalytic reactor (composed of nickel/
copper on a metallic monolith) per cylinder bank
c) Quick warm-up provisions which included 10° spark
retard during the first 45 seconds of operation, and
exhaust port air injection during the first 2 minutes
of operation.
The attached Figure shows the catalyst and air delivery system.
As illustrated here, the warm-up exhaust port air injection was
controlled by a timed solenoid valve. Although Gould's catalyst
is a reducing catalyst, a small amount of air is always delivered
before their catalyst with the majority being delivered between
the Gould catalyst and Englehard catalyst. It should be noted
that this system is sensitive to fuel/air ratio, and that the
carburetor was set to provide for 2.5% to 3.0% CO in the exhaust
at idle, 30, and 50 mph level road load.
Test Program
A 1972 Ford Gran Torino with a 351 CID engine and the emission
control system described above was tested. Two tests were con-
ducted in accordance with the 1975 Federal Test Procedure (FTP)
as described in the November 15, 1972, Federal Register.
Results
The results from this testing are reported in the attached table.
The difference observed in emission levels between tests is
attributed to the difference in inertia as tested, and to hard
starting encountered during the first test. It is clear that at
low mileage the Gould system with their NOx catalyst has the
potential of meeting 1976 standards with very good NOx control.
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Conclusion
At low mileage the Gould system with their NOx catalyst
demonstrated the potential of meeting statutory 1976
standards with very good NOx control.
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1975 FTP Test Results
(grams per mile)
MPG
Fuel
Comment Test # HC CO C02 NOx Consumption
Inertia
4500* 1 0.45 3.65 964.47 0.05 9-14
Inertia
4000# 2 0.27 . 2.18 .962.29 0.13 9-21
'76 statutory 0.4 3.4 . --- 0.40
standards
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-TUMP
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