EPA-AA-TAEB 75-6
Exhaust Emissions from Two Medium Duty Trucks
Equipped with the Dana-UOP Truck Retrofit System
July 1974
Technology Assessment and Evaluation Branch
Emission Control Technology Division
Office of Mobile Source Air Pollution Control
Environmental Protection Agency
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Background
In a cooperative program with Dana Corporation and Universal
Oil Products, the Emission Control Technology Division has
been conducting emission tests on medium duty trucks retro-
fitted by the two corporations. The Emission Control
Technology Division agreed to test two vehicles retrofitted
with a UOP catalyst and a Dana exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
system called the Dana Retronox. Testing began the week of
March 15, 1974, and ended on April 1, 1974.
System Description
The system was basically the same as used before by Dana
and UOP and is described in detail in report 74-10, "Eval-
uation of Dana Retronox EGR and UOP Oxidizing Catalyst
Retrofits on Two Medium-Duty Vehicles," dated September 1973.
The Dana Retronox is an EGR system employing engine speed
and ported carburetor vacuum controlled EGR, and an engine
speed-controlled vacuum advance cut-off. The UOP catalyst
is a pellet-type, noble metal oxidizing catalyst. The only
difference between this ana their preceding system was that
the catalyst was made to be more tolerant to lead, but had
less mechanical strength.
Test Program
The vehicles used in the test program were a 1973 Chevrolet
C-50 truck with a 350 CID engine and automatic transmission,
tested at 7500# inertia weight, and a 1973 Ford F-250 truck
with a 360 CID engine and automatic transmission, tested at
5500# inertia weight. Each truck was tested in three config-
urations :
1. Stock configuration (baseline)
2. With the Dana Retronox installed
3. With the Dana Retronox plus the UOP Catalyst installed
Each truck was tested three times in each of the above three
configurations according to the 1975 Federal Test Procedure
(FTP). The fuel used was Indolene Unleaded gasoline, a
standard test fuel.
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Test Results
The emission test results are presented in the Appendix of
this report along with calculated fuel consumption/economy.
A summary of the results is given below.
% Reduction from Baseline with Both
Emission Control Systems Installed
HC CO CO-) NOx Fuel Consumption
Chevrolet
C-50 74% 72% -18%* 4% -6%
Ford
F-250 87% 86% -22%* 9% -4%
* A negative sign indicates an increase in emissions or
fuel consumption.
Conclusions
Retrofitting the two trucks with the Dana-UOP systems showed
very substantial reductions in hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide
emissions and small, but significant, reductions in oxides of
nitrogen emissions. A small fuel consumption penalty was also
associated with the systems.
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APPENDIX
TABLE I
Medium Duty Retrofit Test Results
1975 Federal Test Procedure
Mass emissions, grams per kilometer
Fuel consumption/ liters per one hundred kilometers
A. Chevrolet C-50 Truck
Fuel
Baseline HC CO CO_2 NOx Consumption (1/10Okm)
1 4.15 90.1 802 4.35 41.3
2 3.91 89.1 779 4.03 40.6
3 3.65 82.2 ' 717 4.45 37.3
Average 3.90 87.2 766 4.28 39.9
w/Dana Retronox
1 3.08 40.9 818 2.67 38.6
2 3.12 49.8 852 3.22 40.6
3 2.96 50.4 851 4.09 40.6
Average 3.05 47.1 841 3.32 39.9
% Reduction
from baseline 22% 46% -9%* 22% 0
UOP catalyst &
Dana Retronox
1
2
3
Average
% Reduction
from baseline
1.01
1.03 .
.93
.99
75%
22.6
24.9
26.8
24.7
72%
932
921
944-
932
-22%*
3.91
4.25
4.13
4.10
4%
42.0
42.0
42.8
42.3
-6%
*A negative sign indicates an increase in emissions/fuel consumption
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TABLE I (cont'd)
B. Ford F-250 Truck
Baseline
1
2
3
Average
w/Dana Retronox
•1
2
3
Average
HC
2.79
2.96
2.57
2.77
2.00
1.38
1.91
1.76
CO
56.3
62.8
63.2
60.7
33.0
32.2
26.4
30.6
C02
461
518
516
498
529
549
531
536
NOx
3.34
3.56
3.73
3.54
2.11
2.96
2.91
2.65
Fuel
Consumption (l/100km)
24.2
27.3
27.0
26.1
25.8
26.4
25.3
25.8
% Reduction
from Baseline
36%
50%
-8%*
25%
1%
UOP catalyst &
Dana Retronox
1 .30
2 .36
3 .38
Average .35
5.7
7.7
11.7
8.4
608
600
602
603
3.60
3.07
2.96
3.21
27.0
27.0
27.7
27.2
% Reduction
from baseline
87%
86%
-21%*
9%
-4%*
*A negative sign indicates an increase in emissions/fuel consumption
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TABLE II
Medium Duty Retrofit Test Results
1975 Federal Test Procedure
Mass emissions, miles per gallon
Fuel economy, miles per gallon
A; Chevrolet C-50 Truck
Baseline
1
2
3
Average
Dana Retronox
1
2
3
Average
% Reduction
from baseline
UOP catalyst &
Dana Retronox
1
2
3
Average
HC
6.69
6.30
5.89
6.29
4.96
5.04
4.77
4.92
22%
1.63
1.67
1.50
1.63
CO
145.4
143.8
132.6
140.6
66.0
80.4
81.3
75.9
46%
36.4
40.1
43.3
39.9
Cp_2
1294
1257
1156
1235
1320
1375
1373
1356
-9%*
1503
1485
1522
1503
NOx
7.02
6.50
7.18
6.90
4.30
5.19
6.60
5.36
22%
6.31
6.67
6.67
6.61
% Reduction
from baseline
75%
72%
-22%*
4%
Fuel
Economy (mi/gal)
5.7
5.8
6.3
5.9
6.1
5.8
5.8
5.9
0
5.6
5.5
5.5
5.6
6%
*A negative sign indicates an increase in emissions/fuel economy
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TABLE II (cont'd)
B. Ford F-250 Truck
Baseline
1
2
3
Average
w/Dana Retronox
1
2
3
Average
HC
4.50
4.77
4.15
4.47
3.23
2.22
3_._QS_
2.84
CO
90.9
101.3
101.9
98.0
53.3
52.0
42.6
49.3
co2
743
835
833
803
853
885
857
865
NOx
5.39
5.74
6.02
5.72
3.40
4.77
4.69
4.29
Fuel
Economy (mi /gal)
9.7
8.6
8.7
9.0
9.1
8.9
9^3
9.1
% Reduction
from baseline
36%
50%
-8%*
25%
UOP catalyst &
Dana Retronox
1 ' . .49
2 .58
3 .62
Average .56
9.2
12.4
18.9
13.5
981
968
971
973
5.81
4.95
4.78
5.18
8.7
8.7
8.5
8.6
% Reduction
from baseline
87%
86%
-21%*
9%
4%
*A negative sign indicates an increase in emissions/fuel economy
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