EPA-AA-TEB-511-82-12
          EPA Evaluation of the Turbo-Garb Device  Under
Section 511 of the Motor Vehicle Information and Cost  Savings Act
                               by

                      Edward Anthony Barth
                          August, 1982
                   Test and Evaluation Branch
               Emission Control Technology Divison
                    Office of Mobile Sources
              U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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EPA Evaluation  of  the Turbo-Garb  Device  Under Section  511 of  the  Motor
Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act

The Motor  Vehicle  Information and  Cost  Savings ;;Act  requires that  EPA
evaluate fuel  economy  retrofit devices  and  publish  a  summary of  each
evaluation in the Federal Register.

EPA evaluations  are  originated upon  the  application of  any  manufacturer
of a  retrofit device,  upon the request  of the Federal  Trade  Commission,
or upon the motion of  the EPA Administrator.  These studies  are designed
to determine whether the  retrofit device increases fuel economy and  to
determine whether the representations made with respect  to  the  device are
accurate.  The  results  of such  studies   are  set .forth in  a   series  of
reports, of which this is one.

The evaluation of the Turbo-Garb  device was conducted upon the  motion  of
the EPA Administrator.   The  device is claimed to improve  the  preparation
of  the   fuel/air   mixture   and   thereby  improve   fuel   economy   and
performance.   The  device  is  a one-inch  thick carburetor  adapter  plate
which inserts a mesh screen  and swirl devices between the  carburetor and
intake manifold.

The following is a summary of  the  information EPA obtained on  the  device
and the resulting EPA analysis and conclusions.

1.  Title;

    Application  for  Evaluation of Turbo-Garb under  Section 511  of  the
    Motor Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act

2.  Identification Information;

    a.   Marketing Identification of the Product;

         Turbo-Garb available models are:

         No.  1   for single venturi carburetors
         No.  2A for two venturi carburetors
         No.  2  'for two venturi carburetors
         No.  2B for two venturi carburetors
         No.  4   for four venturi carburetors
         No.  4Q for four venturi carburetors

    b.   Inventor and Patent  Protection;

         (1)   Inventor

             Albert  Fugett
             Rural Route 2
             Post Office Box 221
             Gaston, Indiana  47342

         (2)  U.S. Patent No.  4,163,436

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    c.    Requestor;

         Nancy A.  Miller, postal  inspector  of  the  U.S. Postal  Service
         requested EPA to  evaluate  the Turbo-Garb device.   EPA  agreed to
         conduct  an  evaluation  of  this  device  under   the  Section  511
         evaluation process.

    d.    Manufacturer of the  Product;

         (1)  Fugett  Products Co.,  Inc.
              Rural Route 2
              Post Office Box 221
              Gaston, Indiana  47342

         (2)  Principals

              Mr.  and Mrs. Albert Fugett
              Rural Route 2
              Post Office Box 221
              Gaston, Indiana  47324

3.  Description of Product (from inventor/manufacturer's  literature);

    a.    Purpose;

         The  Turbo-Garb  is  claimed to  improve  the  preparation  of  the
         fuel/air   mixture of  the  carburetor and   thereby  improve  fuel
         economy and  performance.

    b.  : '-Theory of Operation;

         The Turbo-Garb device is  designed to improve the preparation of
         the  fuel-air  mixture  by atomizing  the  fuel  and increasing  the
         mixture  turbulence.   The   fuel/air  mixtures  are therefore  more
         homogenous and are  therefore  presumed  to  burn  more  efficiently
         in the engine.

         Fuel vaporization  is  to  be  improved  by  atomization.   This  is
         promoted  by  a fine mesh screen  that  is  supposed to break  up  the
         fuel droplets into fine micro-sized  particles that  are  easier to
         vaporize.  The device  "Also acts as  a heat  riser to pre-heat  the
         mixture and  AID distribution".

         Mixing of the fuel-air mixture  is   promoted  by  the air  chamber
         containing the mesh screen and  by swirl devices  installed  after
         the  screen.   The applicant  refers  to   these swirl  devices  as
         stationary props.  Also,  the  device increases  the  flow path  of
         the fuel  air  mixture  slightly,  thus allowing more  time for  the
         fuel and  air to combine  into a homogeneous mixture.

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         Construction and Operation;

         The Turbo-Garb  consists of  two  carburetor adapter  plates (each
         plate is about  one-half  inch thick),  a fine mesh stainless steel
         screen  and  a  stationary   swirl   prop  for each  venturi.   The
         assembly   is   installed  between   the  carburetor   and   intake
         manifold.  The  two  plates  form a  hollow chamber with the screen
         sandwiched  in  the  center  of the chamber  between   the  plates.
         Thus,   although  the  screen  restricts  the fuel/air  flow,  this
         adverse  effect  is minimized by  the  large area of  the  screen.
         The stationary  props are  attached to  the bottom plate  (intake
         manifold side)  and  extend  into the manifold.   These  props cause
         the fuel/air  mixture  to swirl and  thereby  promote mixing.   A
         drawing of  the  device  is given in the  installation  instructions
         contained in the attachment to this report.

         Specific Claims for the Product:

         The  sales   literature/order  form  makes  the  following  specific
         claims for the Turbo-Garb device:

              "Up to 38% increase - 5 more  miles per gallon"
              "smoother running engine"
              "ping eliminated"
              "improved performance"
              "easy installation"
              "less pollution of hydrocarbons"

         Copies of  two versions  of  the sales literature/order form  are
         given in the attachment to this report.

         Cost  And  Marketing  Information   (from  inventor/manufacturer's
         literature);

         From  sales  literature/order  form   used   to   purchase   devices
         tested,  Appendix H of the Attachment
         Models 1 and 2A $44.95
         Models 2 and 2B $49.95
         Models 4 and 4Q $54.95
plus $2.00 postage and handling
plus $2.00 postage and handling
plus $2.00 postage and handling
         From  sales  literature/order   form  that  apparently
         current prices,  Appendix G of the Attachment
                                 reflects
         Models 1 $29.95  plus $2.50 postage and handling
         Models 2A,  2,  and 2B $24.95  plus $2.50 postage and handling
         Models 4 and 4Q $39.95  plus $2.50 postage and  handling

4.  Product  Installation,   Operation,    Safety   and  Maintenance   (from
    inventor/manufacturer's literature):

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a.   Applicability;

     Model     Description and Vehicle Application

     No. 1     SINGLE  BARREL  (2-bolt  only),  US  and  FOREIGN  makes,
               including side-draft model carbs.

     No. 2A    DOUBLE BARREL-Honda, Datsun, Toyota (except  20  and 22R
               engine), Mazda, Opel, Audi,  Subaru, Volkswagen  Rabbit,
               Dasher, Scirocco

     No. 2     DOUBLE BARREL (2 &  4  bolt)  - Most US makes  (except  GM
               1979-81 6 cyl  250,  AMC  & GMC 1980 &  81  4 cyl  151 and
               V6  173,  and   those   listed  in  Model   2B)   FOREIGN
               makes-Luv,  Fiesta,  Dodge  Colt,  Challenger,  Plymouth
               Arrow,   Lancer,   Sapporo,    Capri,    Courier,    Fiat,
               Volkswagen with Holly 2110 carb

     No. 2B    DOUBLE  BARREL—GMC  V6  1979-81  196,   200,  229 and  231
               engine  4"  base;  GMC  V8  1977-79  301,   1978-81  260;
               1979-81 267 and 305 engines

     No. 4     FOUR  BARREL—AMC  & Jeep  V8  1967-74,  GMC V8  1957-66,
               Chrysler V8 1964-72 single carb  except Carter TQ,  Ford
               V8 1957-74 except 351CJ & 460 Police

     No. 4Q    FOUR  BARREL,  Spread Bore  & Quadra jet—AMC  & Jeep  V8
               1975-76,  Ford  V8  1975-81 and  1972-74 351CJ  and  460
               Police, GMC V8  1966-81  Quadrajet,  Chrysler  V8  1971-81
               Carter TQ Carb

     The device  is applicable only to  gasoline fueled  vehicles  that
     introduce  the  fuel  before   the  intake  manifold,  normally   a
     carbureted engine.

     The device is not applicable  for vehicles sold  in California.

b.   Installation - Instructions,  Equipment, and Skills  Required;

     A  copy  of  the  installation   instructions  are   contained  in  the
     attachment  to this  report.   These  instructions  and  the  sales
     literature  imply  that  only  normal  hand  tools   and   average
     mechanical skills are required to  install the device.

c.   Operation;

     The operation of the device requires no action by the driver.

d.   Effects on Vehicle Safety;

     The device will cause no safety  hazards when properly installed.

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    e.    Maintenance;

         "Primary throttle bores are self-cleaning,  but secondary are  not
         in constant  use  and may  possibly  load up  with  varnish.   An
         occasional shot of carburetor  cleaner will rid any  buildup."

5.  Effects on Emissions and Fuel Economy  (submitted  by Applicant);

    a.    Unregulated Emissions;

         No claims or statements  are made by the inventor/marketer about
         the effect of the device on unregulated  emissions.

    b.    Regulated Emissions and Fuel Economy;

         Less   pollution  of  hydrocarbons,  fuel  economy   "up  to   38%
         increase - 5  more miles/gallon"

6.  Testing by EPA;

    A detailed report  of the testing performed by the EPA is given in  EPA
    report, EPA-AA-TEB-82-8, "Emissions and Fuel Economy  of Turbo-Garb, A
    Retrofit Device"  provided  as an attachment.  A  brief  description of
    this testing effort  is given below;

    Testing of three typical 1979 model year passenger cars was conducted
    at  EPA's Motor Vehicle  Emission Laboratory from  March through May of
    1982.  The  basic  test  sequence included the Federal  Test Procedure
    and the Highway  Fuel Economy Test.   These tests  were performed both
    without and with the Turbo-Garb  device installed.

7.  Analysis

    Identification Information:
    a.    Turbo-Garb  should  not  be  confused  with  another  carburetor
         adapter with a  very similar name.   EPA  previously  conducted an
         informal evaluation of  a  device called  "Turbocarb".  This  is a
         carburetor base plate adapter that  places  spinning  props  at  the
         manifold  inlet.   The  marketer  of  Turbocarb,  AVTEK.  Automotive
         Products Division, provides only literature and drawings for  the
         device.

    b.    Description;

         (1)   The theory of  operation  given in Section 3b  describes  the
              types of  effects  the  device  might have  on  the  fuel/air
              mixture.   However, incorporating  a device  like  Turbo-Garb
              in the induction  system  of an  engine  does  not necessarily
              guarantee  an  improvement.   The device may  not  operate as
              expected,  for example the fuel might coalesce into droplets
              after the  screen,  or  a  vehicle's  induction  system  may
              already  perform  efficiently,  therefore no change  would be
              noted.

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          (2)  The   device   is   claimed   to   improve   performance   and
              emissions.   However,  the  claims  are  not  substantiated by
              valid  test  data using  accepted test  procedures  but rather
              on   informal   testing   and  testimonials.    Although   the
              individuals  making   these   testimonials  may  believe  the
              device improved their  vehicle,  these testimonials represent
              information  obtained  under  relatively  uncontrolled   test
              conditions and  therefore  cannot be used to substantiate the
              claims for the  device.

          (3)  The  cost  of  the device plus installation  would  probably be
              at   least  $85.00  for  those   users  who  have  the  device
              installed  by a mechanic.   This is  based  on a  device  cost
              ranging   between   $32.00   and   $42.00   and   installation
              requiring a minimum of 2 1/2 hours at $20.00 per hour.

              Since  most  purchasers  would buy  the  Turbo-Garb  device to
              save  on  fuel  expenses,  the cost  of  the  device  should be
              compared  to its  benefits.   As  noted  in  Section   8,  the
              overall  expectation  is  that   the   Turbo-Carb   would   not
              provide   a   fuel   economy   benefit   although   results   on
              individual vehicles ranged  from a 1% penalty  to  a 4% gain.
              If a particular vehicle should  benefit  by  4%,  it would  take
              32,000 miles  before  the  owner  would  break even.*   If  the
              purchaser installed it  himself, the break-even  point would
              be at 14,000 miles.

    c.   Installation,  Operation, Safety and Maintenance:

          (1)  Applicability;

              The  base  plate  of  each model of  the device is  designed to
              fit  a  number of different  carburetors.   The  applicability
              of   each  device   model   to  the  carburetors   of  several
              different  vehicles   is,   in  general,  probably   correct.
              However,  as  noted  in  the  test   report, EPA  encountered  some
              difficulty  in   obtaining  a  good  fit  when  installing  the
              device on one vehicle.

         (2)  Installation - Instructions, Equipment and Skills Required;

              Installation of the device  raises  the carburetor  one inch.
              Therefore  the  device  can  be  expected   to  affect  hood
              clearance  and   the  carburetor  linkages  to  the  throttle,
              choke,   and   automatic   transmission.    Also  air   hoses,
              electrical  leads,   fuel  lines,  and  vacuum  lines  would
              require repositioning.  Therefore  particular  attention  must
              be  directed  toward  determining  what  modifications   and
              adjustments are required  to  maintain  proper  operation  of
              these components.
*Assumes  the  cost  of  model 2B  at  $37.50 plus  $50  for  installation,
vehicle baseline fuel  economy  at  20 miles  per  gallon and gasoline  costs
of $1.40 a gallon.

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              The   instructions   were   generally   adequate   for   the
              installation  of  the  device.   They  addressed  many   of  the
              problems, e.g., hood clearance,  the  installer was likely to
              encounter.  Only  simple tools and normal  mechanical skills
              were  needed  for  the  installation.   However,  the installer
              will  have to  design  and  fabricate  hardware  to  allow  the
              device to raise the carburetor linkages and  still function
              properly.*  The installer  will  also  need  access to the shop
              service  manual   for   the   vehicle   in  order  to  properly
              readjust   the    kickdown   linkage   to    the   automatic
              transmission.    This   adjustment  is   critical   since   it
              controls the transmission  shift points.

              Installation, including  fabrication  of parts  and necessary
              adjustments,  is judged to  require more than 2 hours.

              The  installation   instructions   also   provide  many  valid
              facts,  tips,   and  suggestions   related  to  improving  fuel
              economy.   The  approach  to determining  the  fuel  economy
              benefit  of   the  device  (good   tune  up,  controlled  test,
              device installation,  repeat of controlled test)  is  proper,
              however the suggested  test mileage of  20 miles,  is much too
              short.  Even while  trying  to accurately measure and  control
              the  fuel  fillups,  1/2  gallon  variations  can  routinely
              occur.   This  variation could  be as  much  as  50%  of  the
              actual fuel  consumed   in  a 20 mile  trip,  thus  masking  any
              real  changes.   Either  a  sophisticated  fuel  measurement
              device or a  several  hundred mile trip  would  be required,
              neither of which is practical for the user.

              The instructions  provide  adequate warning that,  in  raising
              the  carburetor,  the  device  may cause  hood  interference.
              However,  one  of the solutions  suggested,  raising the  hood
              by  readjusting  the hood  latches, will  cause  improper  fit
              between  the  hood   and  fenders,   thus  detracting  from  the
              appearance of the vehicle.

         (3)  Operation;

              If   the   various   carburetor   linkages   altered  by   the
              installation of the device can  be  properly  adjusted,  the
              device is judged  to not have any adverse  effect  on  vehicle
              operation.
*Note:  Improper replacement studs were provided  for  two  vehicles.   These
two  vehicles  required  studs   with  metric   threads  but  the  kits  only
included studs with  SAE  threads.   The inventor stated he  provided  metric
bolts when  required.  However,  the  kits  were  ordered  specifically  for
each vehicle yet the two kits still came with the wrong studs.

The installation instruction, (Appendix F) state  that  an  extender  for the
manifold heat  control  choke  rod tube was  provided in the kit.   However,
none was enclosed in any of the three kits purchased.

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         (4)  Effects on Vehicle Safety;

              If the linkages are  properly  readjusted  and the base  plate
              seal is leakproof, the  device is  judged  to have no  adverse
              effect on safety.

         (5;  Maintenance;

              The minimal maintenance given in Section 4e is judged  to be
              adequate.

    d.    Effects on Emissions and Fuel Economy;

         (1)  Unregulated Emissions;

              Since  the device does  not  modify  the  emission  control
              system and did  not appreciably affect regulated emissions,
              it is not expected to affect unregulated  emissions.

         (2)  Regulated Emissions and  Fuel Economy;

              The marketer of the device provided no test data to  support
              the  claims  given  in   Section 5b.   However,  since  this
              evaluation and  test  program was undertaken by EPA  at the
              request  of  the   Postal   Service,   EPA   did   not   require
              substantiating  test data as a  prerequisite  to EPA testing.

              Normally,   EPA  requires  applicants  to submit   test  data  in
              accordance with the Federal Test Procedure and the  Highway
              Fuel  Economy  Test," These  two  test procedures  are the
              primary  ones  recognized  by  EPA  for  evaluation  of  fuel
              economy and emissions  for light duty  vehicles.*

    e.    Test Results Obtained by EPA;

         Changes in fuel economy were small, ranging from a 1% penalty to
         a  4%  gain.  Changes  in emission  levels  were  also small  while
         driveability was  essentially unchanged.   Moreover,  installation
         of the device was especially difficult  in  that  the installer was
         required  to design and  fabricate  several   parts  as  well  as
         perform critical readjustments.
*The requirement  for  test data  following  these procedures  is  stated in
the policy  documents  that  EPA sends  to  each  potential  applicant.   EPA
requires duplicate  test  sequences before and  after installation  of  the
device on a minimum of two vehicles.   A test  sequence  consists  of  a cold
start  FTP plus a  HFET or,  as a simplified alternative, a  hot  start LA-4
plus a  HFET.   Other  data  which  have  been  collected  in  accordance with
other   standardized  procedures are acceptable  as  supplemental  data  in
EPA's  preliminary evaluation of a device.

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8.  Conclusions

    The overall conclusion is that  there  is  no reason to expect  that  the
    Turbo-Garb will significantly improve  fuel economy or  performance  of
    a vehicle.   The  Turbo-Garb  failed  to meet  its  advertised claims'of
    "up to 38% fuel economy improvement" and  "improved performance".

    The fuel  economy  changes  found  on the  three  vehicles  tested  were
    small.  Two of the vehicles  showed  either  a decrease or no change  in
    fuel economy  and  one showed a  slight  increase.   Emissions were  only
    slightly affected  with mixed  directional  results.   No  improvements
    were observed by  the  test  driver in the operating characteristics  of
    the vehicles.

    Installation  of  the  devices was   considerably  more  difficult  than
    claimed.   Considerable time and  mechanical  skills  were required,
    several parts  had to  be  designed  and fabricated,  and  a  number  of
    critical readjustments had  to be made.

FOR  FURTHER INFORMATION  CONTACT;    Merrill  W. Korth,  Emission  Control
Technology  Division,  Office  of  Mobile  Sources, Environmental  Protection
Agency, 2565 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor,  Michigan 48105,  (313) 668-4299.

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                                               Attachment
                                               EPA-AA-TEB-82-8
Emissions and Fuel Economy of Turbo-Garb, A Retrofit Device
                   Edward Anthony Barth
                        August 1982
                Test and Evaluation Branch
           Emission Control Technology Division
                 Office of Mobile Sources
           U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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                                                                           12
Abstract

This report  describes EPA's  testing  of the  "Turbo-Garb" as  part of  an
evaluation under  Section 511  of  the Motor  Vehicle  Information and  Cost
Savings Act.   The evaluation  of  this device was conducted at  the  request
of  the  U.S.  Postal  Service.   The   Turbo-Carb  is   a   one-inch  thick
carburetor adapter  plate which inserts  a  mesh  screen and swirl  devices
between  the  carburetor  and  intake manifold.   The device  is  claimed  to
improve the preparation  of  the fuel/air mixture and thereby improve  fuel
economy and performance.

Testing of three  typical  1979 model year passenger cars was conducted  at
EPA's Motor  Vehicle Emission Laboratory from  March  through May of  1982.
The  basic  test  sequence  included   the  Federal  Test   Procedure  and  the
Highway Fuel  Economy  Test.    These  tests were  performed both  without  and
with the Turbo-Carb device installed.

The  overall  conclusion  is  that  there  is  no  reason  to  expect  that  the
Turbo-Carb will  significantly improve  fuel  economy  or  performance  of  a
vehicle.   Changes  in  fuel  economy  and  emissions were  small  with  mixed
results  of   slight  increases  and  decreases.   Driveability   remained
essentially  unchanged.   Installation   of  the  device  was  found  to  be
considerably more difficult than  claimed due to  the  requirement  to design
and fabricate several parts as well as perform  critical readjustments.

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Background

The  Environmental  Protection  Agency  receives  information  about  many
systems which  appear to offer  a  potential  for  a reduction  in  emissions
and/or  an  improvement  in  fuel  economy  in  conventional  engines  and
vehicles.   EPA's  Emission  Control  Technology Division is  interested  in
evaluating  all such  systems,  because  of   the  obvious  benefits  to  the
Nation  from the  identification  of  systems  that can reduce  emissions,
improve fuel economy, or both.  EPA  invites  developers of such systems to
submit information  on  the  principle  of operation together  with  available
test data.   In those cases  where the  system  shows  promise,  confirmatory
tests are run  at  the  EPA Motor Vehicle Emission Laboratory  in Ann Arbor,
Michigan.  The results of such test  projects are  set  forth  in a  series of
Test and Evaluation reports, of which this is one.

Under Section  511 of  the  Motor Vehicle Information and Cost  Savings Act,
EPA  is  required to  evaluate devices which  are  claimed  to  improve fuel
economy for the effects  on  both emissions and fuel  economy.   The  results
of these evaluations are published in the Federal Register.

The  conclusions  drawn from  the  EPA evaluation  tests are  necessarily  of
limited applicability.   A  complete evaluation of  the effectiveness of  a
device in achieving  performance  improvements on the  many different  types
of  vehicles  that are  in  actual  use  requires  a larger  sample of  test
vehicles than  is economically feasible in the  evaluation  of test projects
conducted by EPA.   The  conclusions from  the EPA evaluation  tests can  be
considered  to  be quantitatively  valid  only for the specific  test cars
used; however,  it is  reasonable  to  extrapolate  the  results  from  the  EPA
test to other  types of vehicles in a directional  manner;  i.e., to  suggest
that similar results are likely to be achieved on other types of  vehicles.

Introduction

In November, 1981, EPA received a request from Nancy A. Miller, a  postal
inspector  for  the  U.S.   Postal Service,  for  an   evaluation  of  the
"Turbo-Garb"  device.   EPA  agreed  to   conduct  this  evaluation   under
auspices of  the Section 511 process.   Since  EPA had no  test  data on  which
to base an evaluation of this type of device,  the Turbo-Garb test  program
was  part of   this  evaluation  process.    The  Post  Office  provided  the
devices.  The  results of the  EPA  testing of the Turbo-Garb  are  contained
in  this  report.   The complete  evaluation of  the device  is  contained  in
the  report  entitled,  "An EPA Evaluation of  the  Turbo-Garb  Device  Under
Section  511 of  the  Motor   Vehicle  Information  and   Cost  Savings  Act,"
EPA-AA-TEB-511-82-12.   The   Section   511  report  contains   the  complete
evaluation and includes this test  report  as an attachment.

The Turbo-Garb is an  adapter plate which inserts a  fine  mesh screen  and
swirl  devices  between  the  carburetor  and  intake  manifold.   It   is
approximately  one  inch  thick.   The device  is  claimed  to  improve  the
preparation of the  fuel/air mixture  and  thereby improve fuel  economy  and
performance.   The  sales   literature/order   form  makes   the   following
specific claims for  the Turbo-Garb device;

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                                                                           14
    "up to 38% increase - 5 more miles per gallon"
    "smoother running engine"
    "ping eliminated"
    "improved performance"
    "easy installation"
    "less pollution of hydrocarbons"

Appendices G and H are two versions of the sales literature/order form.

The  marketer  of   the  device  provided  no  test  data  to  support  these
claims.  However,  since  this evaluation  and test program  was undertaken
at the request of  the  Postal Service, EPA did  not  require  substantiating
test data as a prerequisite to EPA testing.

Construction and Operation;

The Turbo-Garb consists  of two  carburetor  adapter  plates  (each  plate is
about  one-half  inch  thick),  a  fine  mesh  stainless  steel  screen and  a
stationary  swirl  prop  for   each   venturi.   The  assembly  is  installed
between the carburetor and intake manifold.   The  two  plates form a hollow
chamber with  the  screen  sandwiched in the  center of the chamber between
the plates.   Thus,  although  the screen restricts the fuel/air flow,  this
adverse  effect  is minimized  by  the  large area  of  the  screen.   The
stationary props  are  attached to the bottom  plate  (intake  manifold side)
and extend into the manifold.   These props  cause the fuel/air mixture to
swirl  and  thereby promote mixing.  A drawing of the device  is  given in
the installation instructions contained in Appendix F to this report.

Purpose of the Test Program

The purpose of the EPA test program was  to  conduct  a  technical evaluation
of the device  to  determine if  the  Turbo-Garb met its  advertised claims,
affected exhaust emissions, or affected  safety.   Emissions,  fuel economy,
and installation  were  to be  specifically evaluated.   The  other  claims  -
smoother running engine, ping eliminated, and improved  performance -  were
to be  evaluated by noting any changes in  the operating  characteristics of
the test vehicle.   No  special test procedures were employed  to evaluate
these latter claims.

Test Plan

The EPA  test  plan consisted  of  the checkout of the three  test vehicles,
replicate  baseline  tests,  device  installation,  and   replicate  device
tests.   The  purpose  of the  vehicle checkout was to  insure each vehicle
was  representative  of  a  properly-tuned vehicle  and  would  provide  a
reasonable reference test condition.

The vehicles were to be tested using  the  Federal  Test Procedure (FTP)  and
Highway  Fuel Economy  Test  (HFET).   The FTP is  the  official  EPA  test
procedure  for determining   the  exhaust  emissions  of  a  vehicle.   The
results  of  both of  these  tests are  also used to  determine  a vehicle's
fuel economy.  The  FTP is described  in  the  Federal  Register  of  June  28,
1977 and the  HFET is  described  in  the  Federal  Register of  September  10,
1976.  The vehicles were not tested for evaporative  emissions.

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                                                                               15
Installation  was  to  be  done  per  the  instructions  supplied  with  the
device.   Since  the  device  raises  the  carburetor,  it   was  expected  to
affect hood clearance and the  carburetor  linkages  to  the throttle,  choke,
and automatic  transmission.  Also  air  hoses,  electrical  leads,  fuel lines
and  vacuum lines  would  require  repositioning  (relocating).   Therefore
particular  attention   was   to  be   directed  toward   determining  what
modifications  and  adjustments  are required  to maintain  proper  operation
of  these  components.    The  time  required,   ease  of  installation,  and
problems or hazards encountered were also to be noted.       .

Claims  for the  Turbo-Carb  not  specifically  addressed  by  the  test  plan
were  engine  smoothness, improved  performance, and elimination of ping.
The reason for not  using  specific  procedures.to evaluate these  claims  is
because these  are, in large  part,  subjective  and  the  procedures  for their
measurement are  neither well  defined  nor routinely  used by EPA.   These
latter  claims  were to be evaluated  only by  having the  drivers note  any
changes in the performance of the engine.

Since  this 511  process was initiated  by  the  government,  EPA did  not
require  the   invent or/marketer  of  the  device to  concur with  the  test
plan.  However, he was informed  of EPA's  intention  to  test  his  device and
was invited to observe the testing.

Three typical  1979 production vehicles  were  used:   a Ford Pinto with a  4
cylinder engine, a  Plymouth  Volare with a 6  cylinder engine,  and  a  Ford
Granada  with  an 8  cylinder  engine.   All  vehicles  were  equipped  with
automatic  transmissions.  A  more detailed description of each  vehicle  is
provided in Appendix A.

Conduct of Testing

The  testing  was  conducted  from  March  through   May.   All  tests  were
performed  by  the  EPA  at its  Motor Vehicle  Emission Laboratory   in  Ann
Arbor.   The  inventor/marketer was present  during  two  days  of  the  test
program.   In general, the testing  proceeded as planned.   However,  because
a  baseline test  sequence for  the Pinto  showed a  greater  than  expected
variation  in  fuel economy,  two  additional  baseline  test sequences  were
conducted  on  the Pinto.  This  baseline  outlier (fuel  economy  unexpectedly
high) was  deleted  from  the  data set.  A  scrutiny  of  the Volare data  led
to  rejection  of  the  two baseline HFETs.  These   two HFET's  were  rerun
after  the  device  was  removed  from the  vehicle.   Since the  first  two
device  test  sequences on the  Granada data  indicated a  possible  benefit
for the device,  a  third test sequence was conducted  to  obtain  sufficient
data to determine if the change was statistically  significant.

Because  the  Granada data had  indicated  a possible fuel  economy  benefit,
additional testing  was  conducted  to determine if  the change  was  due  to
the baseplate  and  readjusted linkage  or  to   a  combination  of effects  by
the baseplate,  adjustments,  screen,  and  stationary props.   For a  final
test sequence, the stationary props and  screen of  the  device were  removed
and the Granada was re tested.

There  were  problems  encountered  in  installing  the   device  on  each
vehicle.   These  installation  problems  are  presented  and discussed  with
the test results.

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                                                                            16

Test Results - Installation

The  Turbo-Garb  installation was  performed by  an EPA mechanic  using the
instructions provided with the devices (see Appendix F).

The  installation of  the  Turbo-Garb devices raises the carburetor over one
inch and many of  the problems encountered were  related  to the carburetor
being  raised  by  the device.   The specific problems  encountered  for each
vehicle are given in Appendix E and are summarized below

    The device interfered with the hood  closing on one vehicle and caused
    a  small dent  in the  hood when  it  was  closed.   The  installer was
    alerted to this problem by the installation instructions.

    It was  necessary  to  design and fabricate extensions  for the kickdown
    linkage between the  throttle  and  automatic  transmission for all  three
    vehicles.

    The throttle linkage needed to be modified on two vehicles.

    The choke  rod linkage  needed to  be  extended  and  readjusted  on one
    vehicle.  These parts were not provided with the kit.

    The device  did  not  provide  a leak  proof  seal on  one  vehicle and
    required  application of  a  gasket  sealer  to  stop  this  vacuum  leak.
    Although the instructions  do  not  allow the  use  of  sealing materials,
    the inventor allowed us  to use it.   He  cautioned against any  on the
    screen.

    Improper replacement studs were provided for two vehicles.   These two
    vehicles  required  studs  with  metric  threads  but  the  kits  only
    included  studs  with  SAE  threads.   The  inventor  stated he  provided
    metric  bolts  when   required.   However,   the  kits   were   ordered
    specifically for  each  vehicle yet  the  two  kits  still came  with the
    wrong studs.

    The installation  instructions, Appendix F,  state  in step 11  that  an
    extender for the manifold heat control choke  rod  tube was provided  in
    the  kit.   However,  none  was  enclosed  in  any  of  the  three  kits
    purchased.

The air hoses, electrical  leads,   fuel lines,  and vacuum lines were  able
to be  readily rerouted to  the raised  carburetor and  air  filter.   Several
metal lines had to be reworked, however no additional parts were  required.

The  instructions  were generally   adequate  for  the  installation of  the
device.  They addressed  many  of  the  problems the installer  was  likely  to
encounter when installing  the Turbo-Garb.  Only  simple  tools and  normal
mechanical  skills  were  needed   for  the  installation.    However,   the
installer will have to design  and fabricate hardware to  allow  the  device
to  raise  the carburetor linkages  to  function  properly.  The  installer
will also need access to the shop  service manual  for  the  vehicle  in order
to properly readjust  the kickdown linkage to the  automatic  transmission.
This adjustment  is  critical  since  it  controls  the  transmission  shift
points.

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                                                                            17
Installation, including  fabrication of  parts  and necessary  adjustments,
required from 2 1/2 to 8 hours.

Test Results - Fuel Economy and Emissions

The test  results  for each  vehicle  are  summarized  in Table  I.   Emission
levels are listed in grams/mile  while  fuel economy is shown  in  miles  per
gallon.   The  individual  test   results  for  each vehicle  are  given  in
Appendices B, C, and D.
                                 Table I
                         Summary of Test Results
                                    FTP
                                                    HFET
Vehicle  Configuration

Ford     Baseline
Pinto    Turbo-Garb
         Average Change

Plymouth Baseline
Volare   Turbo-Garb
         Average Change
                  HC
      CO
NOx   MPG
       HC
       CO   NOx   MPG
                  1.18  4.20  1.58  22.3
                  1.29  3.74  1.64  22.3
                  +10%  -11%  +4%   -0-
Ford
Granada
Baseline
Turbo-Garb
Average Change
 .71  6.63
 .60  6.08
-16%  -8%

 .88  4.73
 .99  4.23
+13%  -
1.24
1.26
+2%

1.46
1.52
+4%
19.2
18.9
-1%

14.5
15.2
+4%
Ford     Baseline
Granada  Mod. Turbo-Garb*
         Average Change
                   .88  4.73  1.46  14.5
                   .97  5.77  1.44  14.9
                  +10%  +22%  -1%   +3%
 .64   .70  1.37  29.1
 .77   .87  1.33  28.7
+19%  +25%  -3%   -1%

 .87  22.09  .57  26.2
 .16   4.56  .45  25.9
-82_%  -79%  -20%  -1%

 .28   .51  2.21  20.5
 .31   .31  1.96  21.4
+10%  -39%  -11%  +4_%

 .28   .51  2.21  20.5
 .25   .27  2.06  21.2
-11%  -47%  -7%   +4%
Note:   Underlined   values   are  statistically   significant   at  a   90%
confidence  level.   Mod.  Turbo-Garb  emissions  were  not  analyzed  for
statistical significance.

These  data  were analyzed by  several  statistical  methods (student's  "t"
test,  paired  "t"  test, and 2  way analysis of  variance)  to determine  if
the  changes  were   statistically  significant  for  either  an  individual
vehicle or a group of vehicles.

The  student's  "t"  test  is used to  compare  the sample  means  of  two
populations.  It  is useful  when  there  are only a  few data samples.   It
allows the data to  be  readily  compared at a given  confidence  level.   The
individual test results  given  in the Appendix were compared  (i.e.,  Pinto
FTP  baseline  tests  to Pinto  FTP Turbo-Garb tests,  Pinto HFET  baseline
test to Pinto HFET Turbo-Garb tests,  etc.).  This analysis showed that:
    Pinto -   Turbo-Garb  did  not   cause  a  significant
              economy for either the FTP or HFET.
                                                 change  in  fuel
*Modified  Turbo-Garb:   Only  carburetor  baseplate   used,   screen   and
stationary props removed.

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                                                                          18
    Volare -  Turbo-Garb caused  a  statistically  significant decrease  in
              fuel economy for both the FTP and HFET.

    Granada - Turbo-Garb caused  a  statistically  significant increase  in
              fuel economy for both the FTP and HFET.

              The  modified   Turbo-Garb   also   caused  a   statistically
              significant increase  in  fuel economy for  both the FTP  and
              HFET.  Because  this change  was  similar to  that  caused  by
              the  complete  device,  this  may  indicate  that  it  is  the
              chambered  baseplate and  linkage  readjustments that  caused
              the changes and not the stationary props or mesh screen.

The student's "t"  test  of  paired data  is  used  to sample means  of  paired
observations.  It  is  a more  specialized  usage  of the  "t"  tests and  has
the same  features  as the "t"  test.  The  averages given in Table I  were
compared for both the FTP (baseline  vs. Turbo-Garb for  the  Pinto, Volare,
and Granada as a group) and the HFET.   This paired "t"  test data analysis
showed that  there was no statistically  significant change in fuel economy
due to the Turbo-Garb device  for  either the FTP or HFET for  the  group  of
three vehicles.

The 2 way analysis of variance (2 way ANOVA) is used  to  compare  the  means
when there are several test variables  (i.e.,  for the FTP with or without
device for several vehicles).   It can be  used  to test  if  there  is or  is
not a  significant  interaction between  test variables.  The  2  way  ANOVA
also showed  that there  was  no statistically  significant  change in  fuel
economy due  to the Turbo-Garb for either the FTP  or HFET for  the  group  of
three vehicles.

Although fuel economy  is largely  influenced by vehicle  weight and  engine
displacement, emissions  are  largely influenced  by  the  emission control
technology used by the manufacturer  and this  typically changes with  model
year.  Therefore the emission data was  analyzed only  by  the student's  "t"
test.  The  individual  test results  given in  the appendix were  compared
(i.e.,  Granada FTP baseline tests  to Granada  FTP  Turbo-Garb tests).   This
analysis showed:

    Pinto -   The Turbo-Garb caused  a small but  statistically significant
              increase in hydrocarbon (HC) emissions  for both the FTP  and
              HFET.  It  also  caused a  statistically  significant  increase
              in carbon monoxide  emissions for  the HFET.  However, due  to
              the  relatively  low  level of  the  HFET CO  emissions,   the
              actual increase was very small.

    Volare -  The  Turbo-Garb  caused no  statistically significant change
              in FTP emissions.   The changes noted for  the HFET are  not
              significant because this  vehicle  has  in the  past   shown
              considerable   variability  in  HFET  emissions,  (HFET   fuel
              economy  has  not   been   variable).   This  variability   is
              apparently characteristic of the vehicle.

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                                                                             19
    Granada - The Turbo-Garb caused a small but  statistically  significant
              increase in  HC emissions  for both  the FTP  and HFET.   It
              also caused a  statistically  significant change in HFET  NOx
              emissions.   However, again due to  the relatively  low  levels
              of these emissions, the actual increases were very small.

              The  changes  due   to  the  modified  Turbo-Garb  were   not
              analyzed for statistical significance.

Test Results - Vehicle Performance

As noted previously,  there  were  no special tests prescribed  specifically
for evaluation of vehicle performance.  The drivers were  simply requested
to  note  and  comment  upon  the   operation  of   the  vehicle.  To insure  a
reasonable comparison, the  same   operator drove  a  given vehicle for both
the baseline and device tests.

There were no changes  in engine  smoothness,  or  performance.  None  of  the
vehicles experienced  ping with  or  without the  device.   The results  are
summarized below.

                                 Table II
                            FTP  Driveability

                Pinto                 Volare   Granada

Baseline        soft spot in accel.    Good     Good

Turbo-Garb      soft spot in accel.    Good     slight  soft spot in accel.

The  starting  was good for  each   vehicle  for  both baseline  and with  the
Turbo-Garb device.

                                Table III
                            HFET Driveability

                                    Volare             Granada

Baseline        Good                Good               Good

Turbo-Garb      Good                Good               Good

Overall, there was no  appreciable change in vehicle performance caused  by
the Turbo-Garb device.

No safety hazards were observed with the device.

Conclusions

The  overall  conclusion  is  that   there  is no  reason  to  expect that  the
Turbo-Garb will  significantly  improve  fuel economy   or  performance of  a
vehicle.  The Turbo-Garb failed  to meet its advertised  claims of   "up  to
38% fuel economy improvement" and "improved performance".

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                                                                           20
The fuel economy  changes  found on the  three  vehicles  tested were  small.
Two of the vehicles showed either a decrease or no change in  fuel economy
and one showed a  slight  increase.   Emissions were only slightly affected
with  mixed  directional results.   No  improvements  were observed  by  the
test driver in the operating characteristics of  the  vehicles.

Installation  of  the  devices  was  significantly  more  difficult   than
claimed.  Considerable time  and mechanical  skills were required, several
parts  had  to be  designed  and  fabricated,  and  a  number  of  critical
readjustments had to be made.

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                                                  21
       Appendix A




Test Vehicle Descriptions
Make /Model
Model Year
Type
Vehicle I.D.
Initial Odometer
Engine:
Type
Configuration
Displacement
Fuel Metering
Fuel Requirement
Emission Control
System
Transmission
Tires
Test Parameters:
Inertia Weight
HP @50 mph
Ford Pinto
1979
2 door
9T11Y186165
26390

Spark Ignition
In-line 4
140 CID
2V Carburetor
Unleaded
EGR
Catalyst
Automatic
BR78X13

3000
9.7
Plymouth Volare
1979
2 door
HL29C9B217336
32280

Spark Ignition
In-line 6
225 CID
IV Carburetor
Unleaded
EGR
Catalyst
Automatic
D 7 8X14

3500
12.0
Ford Granada
1979
4 door
9W82F123952
26980

Spark Ignition
V8
302 CID
2V Carburetor
Unleaded
EGR
Air Pump
Catalyst
Automatic
ER78X14

4000
11.1

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                                                         22
                  Appendix B




Test Results - Ford Pinto, 140 CID, 4 Cylinder
Test Test
Date #
3-25-82 2382
3-25-82 2383
4- 1-82 2854
4- 1-82 2853
4-15-82 2386
4-14-82 2362
4-28-82 2388
4-28-82 2389
4-29-82 2390
4-29-82 2391
Configuration
Baseline
Baseline
Baseline
Baseline
Baseline
Baseline
Turbo-Carb
Turbo- Carb
Turbo-Carb
Turbo-Carb
Federal Test
HC CO
1.21 5.14
1.16 4.44
1.16 3.01
1.26 3.68
1.32 3.80
Procedure
NOx
1.62
1.51
1.60
1.60
1.67
MPG
21.9
22.2
22.8
22.3
22.3
Highway Fuel Economy Test
HC CO
.62 .73
.63 .72
.68 .64
.71 .87
.82 .87
NOx MPG
1.43 28.4
1.30 29.2
1.37 29.6
1.35 28.6
1.31 28.8
Appendix C
Test Test
Date #
4-14-82 2374
5- 6-82 2379
4-15-82 2380
5- 6-82 3306
4-27-82 2375
4-27-82 2381
4-28-82 3142
4-28-82 3141
Test Results -
Configuration
Baseline
Baseline
Baseline
Baseline
Turbo-Carb
Turbo-Carb
Turbo-Carb
Turbo-Carb
Plymouth Volare,
Federal Test
HC CO
.76 6.99
.65 6.26
.62 6.49
.57 5.66
225 CID,
.Procedure
NOx
1.25
1.23
1.25
1.27
MPG
19.2
19.2
18.9
19.0
6 Cylinder
Highway Fuel
HC CO
.92 22.87
.82 21.30
.15 4.12
.17 4.99
Economy Test
NOx MPG
.59 26.1
.54 26.3
.46 25.9
.44 25.9

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                                                                              23
                                    Appendix D

                 Test Results - Ford Granada, 302 CID, 8 Cylinder

Test     Test                     Federal Test  Procedure    Highway Fuel Economy Test
Date      #    Configuration      HC    CO    NOx   MPG    EC   OD   NOx   MPG

3-25-82  2357  Baseline            .86  5.09  1.43  14.5
3-25-82  2358  Baseline                                    .28  .69  2.22  20.4
3-29-82  2359  Baseline            .90  4.36  1.48  14.6
3-29-82  2360  Baseline                                    .28  .32  2.20  20.6

4-20-82  2363  Turbo-Garb          .96  4.90  1.45  15.1
4-20-82  2364  Turbo-Garb                                  .30  .39  1.97  21.5
4-21-82  2365  Turbo-Garb          .95  3.99  1.57  15.3
4-21-82  2366  Turbo-Garb                                  .31  .10  1.94  21.6
4-22-82  3065  Turbo-Garb         1.06  3.79  1.53  15.2
4-22-82  3066  Turbo-Garb                                  .31  .17  1.97  21.3

5-4-82   3264  Mod. Turbo-Carb(l)   .96  5.70  1.51  14.9
5-4-82   3263  Mod. Turbo-Carb(l)                           .24  .14  2.22  21.3
5-6-82   3304  Mod. Turbo-Carb(l)   .97  5.84  1.37  15.0
5-6-82   3305  Mod. Turbo-Carb(l)                           .26  .40  1.89  21.2

(l)The Turbo-Garb was modified by  removing the  screen and stationary props
for these tests.

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                                                                            24
                               Appendix  E
                     Turbo-Garb Installation Details
Pinto
The long  replacement intake  manifold to  carburetor bolts  provided with
the kit  had  SAE  threads.   However,  the  manifold  required  metric  studs
which had to be fabricated.

Installation of the Turbo-Garb  required  the  use  of  the  old 1/4" insulator
gasket  for  throttle  linkage  clearance  and  this  was  covered  in  the
instructions.  However,  the  outside  bolt  hole  flanges  of  the Turbo-Garb
interferred  with  other  manifold  bolts  and  flanges.    This  problem  was
solved by  filing  1/8"  off  the lower edge  of  this outer  flange.   This
problem could also have  been  solved  by  the user  purchasing and installing
a second  insulating gasket.

Fabricated  extension  for throttle   to  automatic  transmission  kickdown
linkage and readjusted linkage.

Fabricated  one  inch spacer  (including  metric bolts)  for  throttle  cable
bracket.

With the  spacer installed,  the surfaces of  the  Turbo-Garb aluminum block
halves  were  not   true,   thereby  inducing  a  severe  vacuum  leak.   The
external application  of   a silicone  sealer  on  the  block  mating  surfaces
did not cure  the  leak.   The  device was  disassembled, the  aluminum blocks
halves were  sanded true,  and the silicone  sealer  was  installed  between
all mating  surfaces (being  careful  to  ensure  the   sealer did not  block
screen passages).   This  cured  the  vacuum  leak.   Note the  instructions
specifically state "DO NOT USE  GASKET SEALER ON FACE or MOUNTING SURFACE
OF  GASKETS!"   According   to  the inventor  this  is  to  prevent  the  screen
from being blocked by excess sealer.

Since  the  inventor was  present at  this time,  he  was  informed  that  EPA
intended  to use a sealer  to stop the vacuum leak.

The time  required  for the installation  was 8  hours.   this  included  the
time  required  to   fabricate  the  various  hardware  bits,  readjust  the
linkages, and correct the vacuum leaks.

Volare

The  Turbo-Garb  device  was   installed   on  the  vehicle  using  the  long
replacement intake manifold to carburetor studs provided.

Fabricated  extension for rod  from  bimetallic  choke   to  carburetor  and
readjusted choke linkage.

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                                                                            25
Fabricated extension  for throttle  to  automatic transmission  linkage  and
readjust  linkage.   With  the  Turbo-Garb  installed  the  air cleaner  stud
interferred with  the  hood  closing  and would  need  to  be  about  1/2  inch
shorter or the hood raised 1/2 inch.

The time required for the installation was 2 1/2 hours.

Granada

The  Granada,   like  the  Pinto,  intake  manifold  also  required  metric
carburetor stud bolts.

Bent and reworked manifold heat tube to meet raised choke coil.

Bent and  reworked  hot air  tube  from engine to  meet  raised air cleaner.
Fabricated extension  for the  throttle to automatic  transmission kickdown
linkage and radjusted linkage.

This  was  the   first   vehicle   on  which   the  device   was   installed.
Installation required 2 3/4 hours.

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                                                                                         APPENDIX F        26
IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ CAREFULLY, BEFORE INSTALLATION!
1. Check hood clearance between air-cleaner and hood on your vehicle: You will need 1 inch all models, except 4-barrel quad &
spread bore, 1Vi inch needed, less present gaskets. TO CHECK, put thickness of fresh bread on high point of air cleaner. Close
hood, open, and if bread is compressed, reduce, by thickness of present gasket to find needed clearance, and/or if possible to
install on your vehicle. NOTE: Hood may  possibly be adjusted at the hinges and latch, and/or insulation, if any, over the air
cleaner cut out, to get added clearance.
2. Turbo-Carb is larger than some carburetor bases. Check for clearance around carburetor, humps or bolts sticking up on
manifold, air-conditioning and other engine components that might prevent a good seal. A thicker gasket, size of carburetor
base, may give you clearance.
3. Check length of mounting bolts enclosed in comparison to those of the engine. Must be 1 inch longer, Wt on 4-barrel quad
and spread bore types. May be cut off, if  too long.
4. Check length of gas line for height needed. Longer hose or metal line may be obtained from your locaJ auto store, but prob-
ably will not be needed. On metal line, a splice of gasoline hose may be made by cutting metal line, slipping hose over ends,
and clamping.
5. Check to see if you will need some large spacer nuts, washers and longer bolts to raise the mounting bracket of throttle con-
trol cables. Also check hose connections  for extra length needed if any. Due to the many different applications we do not at-
tempt to supply any of the parts. ALSO—On exhaust routhed METAL SPACER applications, you may need a NEW GASKET be-
tween spacer and manifold, generally a dealer stock item.
&. Gather all tools'and parts needed before installation. For a more accurate TEST to find your mileage gain, you should test
your vehicle right before installation of fuel saver and right after installation. As weather conditions and engine conditions can
sometimes change, which may vary your results, put your vehicle in top condition before testing! By checking points, plugs,
plug wires, distributor cap,  rotor, coil condenser, air  cleaner, PCV valve,  carburetor and choke for proper adjustment, and
engine oil. Replace needed parts. Use top quality parts, especially plug wires; one plug misfiring in a 4-cylinder engine is like
losing 25% mileage upward and  overloading the other 3 cylinders.

FUEL FACTS:
1. Radial tires have less rolling resistance, and will give you greater mileage. Also, wide tires and mud & snow tires will reduce
your mileage. Keep tire pressure at maximum levels.
2. At 50 MPH each WF. drop in temperature will lower gas mileage by about 2*.
3. A 500 Ib. gain in weight tends to reduce fuel economy by between (2) and (5) miles per gallon. A 2,500 Ib. car will tend to get
twice the gas mileage of one weighing 5,000 Ibs.
4. An automatic transmission can reduce  fuel economy by up to 15%.
5. A 10% increase in your speed  (from 50 to 55 MPH) will require a 33% increase in the horsepower, and more fuel needed to
overcome AIR RESISTANCE.
6. LOW OCTANE GAS, OPEN WINDOWS, ACCESSORIES ON, WET or SNOW-COVERED PAVEMENT, UPGRADED PAVEMENT,
CROSSWIND OR FRONTAL WIND ALL tend to reduce mileage, possibly up to 5 MPG.

                                            HOW TO TEST MILEAGE
It is probably impossible to get an accurate test of city driving, due to traffic jams, more or less stops and more or less waiting
time. For a more accurate test, pick a calm non-windy day, drive to the nearest NON-stop highway or  interstate where there is a
fuel station and fill your vehicle's tank to V? inch from  entrance of fill spout. Some vehicles take time to do this due to air en-
trapment. Write your mileage down. Each TEST  should have the same weather, temperature and road conditions, the same
LOAD and tire pressure. Move out easy on  the accelerator and try to drive at an even 50 MPH in all tests. Drive 20 miles or more
from start, then return to same fuel pump,  same station, same spot. As many stations have their paving downgraded in various
directions, which makes it possible for your fuel to find a different level in  your tank, or air entrapment. Refill tank as before.
Then divide  the number of miles traveled, by the number of gallons used. Figure to the  nearest 10th of a gallon and  mile.
Remember your best mileage is when it's hot and humid. If temperature fluctuates between tests, you can calculate it by using
the 2° formula as previously mentioned.

                                         INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
1. Check manifold vacuum at idle before removing carburetor. NOTE: A vacuum gauge is a low cost investment to analyze and
adjust your engine.
2. Remove air-cleaner, and hoses to air cleaner.
3. Remove throttle control cables and transmission linkage if any.
4. Disconnect gas line at carburetor.
5. Make diagram of carburetor, and all connecting hoses. Identify each hose with white tape or labels, numbered or etc.; then
remove from carburetor.
6. Disconnect electric choke, or manifold  heat control  rod. Remove throttle springs and any other connections to carburetor.
7. Remove mounting bolts and lift carburetor off. Handle carefully so as not to damage any part. Also, be careful and don't drop
any parts into manifold! Now check turbo-carb for bolt hole location on your old gasket. Some models have thin KNOCK OUT
TABS in castings and gaskets if needed. Knock out ONLY the parts that BLOCK old mounting gasket HOLES. Tap metal knock

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                                                                                                             27
outs towards the inside of hole with screwdriver and hammer. SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS, Model 2 and 2A ONLY: On some
engines you may need to use your old insulater gasket for throttle linkage or prop clearance—check before tightening car-
buretor down! Enclosed in kit is an extra '/»« gasket, which will allow you to use a gasket on each side of your o(d insulator
gasket. On Model 2 (ONLY on carburetors with throttle linkage on long straight side of turbo-carb), you may need  to break off
lip overhang on TOP SECTION ONLY, for linkage clearance. Use pliers, break lip downward from face side and file off rough
edges.
8. DO NOT USE GASKET SEALER ON FACE or MOUNTING SURFACE OF GASKETS! Clean manifold and carburetor flange sur-
face. NOTE:  If you have exhaust roughted or water heated spacer, check spacer walls for possible pits or holes in  walls. Also.
replace spacer to manifold gasket with a NEW ONE, generally a dealer stock item. Install metal E.G.R. plate or SPACER if your
engine is equipped with one.
9.  Install stud bolts,  and bottom section of  fuel saver. Use ruler and locate center of bar in each
manifold hole. Mark with pen or pencil. Remove bottom section and mount stationary prop on each
center mark as follows: Spread cotter key  just enough to go over bar, push all the way down, pinch
together under bar with pliers, insert through prop with large hole towards bar and cotter key in slot.
Holding prop firmly, use knife, spread cotter key and with needle point pliers, twist each leg of cotter
key over the side, using the shaft as leverage to tighten. (NOTE: Prop must fit centered on bar  in each
manifold hole without side movement possible for  best results.) Subject to heavy  turbulence.
   A.  Install thin bottom gasket, part (c)
   B.  Install bottom section, part (d), check  alignment of bore holes
   C.  Place frame gasket, part (e) on top of bottom section .
   D.  Place screen, part (f) on gasket (e)
   E.  Place frame gasket, part (e) on top of screen (f)
   F.  Place top section, part (g) hollow side down  on top of gasket (e)
   G.  Must  use thick gasket (h) on top section for screen clearance (g) IMPORTANT: Before  mount-
ing lay OLD gasket on your NEW gasket.  Check to see if any cut outs  or holes through your OLD
gasket are BLOCKED; if so, mark. You will need to drill same size through new gasket and top section
of fuel saver, or make a channel in  new top  gasket over to the throttle bore hole.  These vacuum
passages  are necessary and your vehicle may not run if BLOCKED.  (Hondas  have hose connections
on their mounting gaskets. You will need to use your old spacer gasket in this case.)
   H.  Keep gasket alignment with turbo-carb around all edges flush and place carburetor on gasket
(h) and nuts  on studs. IMPORTANT: Fasten carburetor by alternately tightening each nut a little at a
time, evenly, so as not to WARP your carburetor mounting flange. Tighten to OEM recommendations.
Do not OVER TIGHTEN. Main  throttle plates and shafts and vacuum operated secondary throttle
plates MAY  NOT OPEN if the BASE is WARPED, or may BIND.
10. Reverse  procedure of disassembly of attachments to carburetor.
11. If you have manifold heat control choke rod, cut into at center of longest vertical part of rod and in-
stall tube extender enclosed. Cut to desired length, with distance of length of rod as previously deter-
mined in preliminary  instructions No. 1, allowing tube '/» inch slipover on end of rods.
12. Be sure heat hose to air cleaner is installed and thermostat  therein is working properly.  The air
must be kept hot in order to get the best efficiency from your FUEL SAVER! Always use air filter to
protect  screen from blockage and keep your engine clean, and prevent fire in the carburetor.
13. IMPORTANT: Be sure gas line is attached to carburetor. Check to see if throttle cables, choke rod,
throttle springs and plates all move freely without  any binding all the way to full throttle. You  may
need to raise throttle cable mounts and other parts where necessary.
14. Start engine. Check for fuel line leaks.
15. If engine does not idle properly, and all hoses to carburetor and air cleaner are connected, check
for air leaks around gaskets  and  check  to see if choke is properly  set.  See  that throttle  lever sets
against  idle-stops and choke is all..the way open after engine has completely warmed up, and  closed
when coid. Also check manifold vacuum as in the beginning and compare. Gasket and hose connec-
tions may be checked for leak by using un-lit propane torch. Engine will speed up if leak, may be
sealed by using Hl-temp buytle type gasket  sealers on the edges  (stocked  by auto stores). A bad
vacuum leak can cause your engine to run rough, foul your timing and cause your engine to use more
gas! Check cruise control chain if you have one. If too loose, cruise control may not work properly. If
too tight, will not let throttle touch idle stop.
16. Generally NO engine modifications are NECESSARY. TIMING, may possibly beset up  for  even greater savings due to the
ATOMIZED, VAPORIZED MIXTURE. DO NOT MOVE TIMING, unless you are equipped with knowledge and timing equipment to
do so! Maximum advance of  manufacture  recommended.
17. CONGRATULATIONS: You are now ready for a second mileage test, and greater mileage and performance!  REPEAT: As in
the first test EXACTLY the SAME. Good luck and tell your friends about your mileage gain! (Don't forget to put your BUMPER
STICKER on your vehicle!) We appreciate comments and testimonials — Thank You.

MAINTENANCE: Primary throttle bores are self-cleaning, but secondary are not in constant use and may possibly load up with
varnish. An occasional shot of carburetor cleaner will rid any build  up.

                             THE 55 M.P.H. SPEED LIMIT WILL SAVE GAS AND MONEY!

The U.S..Dept. of Transportation has rated  a 4,000 pound car for gas consumption relative to  speed. Results showed that the
car got 11.08 m.p.g. at 70 m.p.h.; 13.67 m.p.g. at 60 m.p.h.;  16.98 m.p.g. at 50 m.p.h.; and  14.89 m.p.g. at 40 m.p.h. Maximum
mileage was reached between 50-55 m.p.h. Speed above and below  did not save gasoline.

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                      INCREASED   GAS   SVS1LEAG
                                                                                                                                           28

                                                                                                                                 APPENDIX G
                w
Up to 38% Increase — 5 More Miles Per Gallon — Smoother Running Engine — Improv-
ed Performance— Ping Eliminated — Easy Installation. THINK OF IT! Even a 10% IN-
CREASE would be like receiving 12 cents EXTRA GASOLINE per gallon that you buy
at S1.20 per gallon! Oon't be looled by the claims of those who offer devices to in-
crease mileage, but actually restrict the flow of air and reduce engine power. (Win-
dow Screen (256) holes per sq. inch. BLOCKS OUT about 40% AIR FLOW). The
PATENTED TURBO-CARS compensates (or AIR restriction by redirecting the (low of air
from the carouretor through an Enlarged Air Chamber.  CARBURETOR MANUALS  say.
1 . Raising your Carburetor Up. 2.  Atomizing the Fuel for better Vaporizing. 3. Giving
me Fuel  Mixture Turbuiance. ALL  tend to give IMPROVED Distribution, Economy,  Per-
formance. Less Polution and Longer Engine Life. TURBO-GARB  Provides ALL (3) of
those FEATURES! Place a drop of  liquid on your hot intake manifold and watcfi it
spread out. but a fine micro-size speck will instantly vaporize!  A course spray and
large drops of  fuel pass from carburetor into intake manifold, making it almost im-
oossible to completely vaporize and mix with the right amount of air. You see why
much of  your fuel is wasted and not burned! That's one reason car manufacturers
use a catalytic converter in the  exhaust system to burn the unburned gas. which
should nave been burnt in the engine! With me PATENTED TURBO-CARS fuel saver,
large liquid droplets of fuel are broken into a fine micro-size particles. With a poten-
tial of 10.000 per square inch! This makes the fuel much easier to vaporize, while a
stationary prop provides propulsion turbulence to mix and direct the "tog-like"
atomized fuel against the hot intake manifold walls, (or more complete vaporizing,
energizing and economy! With less pollution of hydro carbons and longer engine life!
TURBO-CARS fuel saver has unique PATENTED FEATURES! Why not SPINNING
PROPS?  Because the AIR  FLOW Controls the Props, SO Where's Resistance to cause
Turbuiance and Mix? STATIONARY PROPS Tested an Increase over the Spinning
Props! There are no moving parts  to wear out. or electrical parts to burn out.
Screen— RED HOT 5 Min. BLOW TORCH Tested without any delects except discolora-
tion! Also cesigned to prevent stalling of engine from the possibility of temporary ic-
ing of screen during warm up. And it's safe when properly installed. Mounts under
carburetor,  mounting instructions,  bolts and gaskets included.


 HOW TO OBOEH:
 i. Check wnicn moaef neefled below. Must know me numoer of barrels, as single and double/or
   douole and lour Parrel are sometimes standard on trie same engine model.
 2. CSsck nood clearance Between air-cleaner and hood on your venicle. You will need 1 incn all
   moaels.  exceot 4-oarrel Quad and  spread core. I 3/3 incn needed,  less present gasket. To
   cr.ccx. placa .'.(COEL t'.izxnes; of  ;~j;r. Ssil on Sign ssim a! a? clsaner. ::ci3 need, open: if
   dougn aall is compressed, reduce  oy tnicxness of present gaskel to lina needed clearance.
   ana/or it possible to install on your venicle.
 NOTE. Hooo may possioly oe aojusted  at me ninges and latcn. and/or insulation il any over ine air
 cleaner cut out ro get aooed clearance.
 MODEL               DESCRIPTION:
 No. t .   SINGLE 3ARREL (2-ooit only), US and FOREIGN makes, inducing side-draft model caros.
No. 2A


,-;o 2
        DOUBLE 3AHHEL— Honda. Oatsun. Toyola (except 20 and 22R engine). Mazda. Opel.
        Audi. SuOaru. Volkswagen Raooil. Oasner. Scirocco

        DOUBLE BARREL (2 & 40011). Most US makes (except GM 1979-81 6cy250. AMC 4 GMC
        1 980 4 81 4 cy 151 and V6 173. and tnose listed in Model 23) FOREIGN makes— Luv.
        Fiesta. Ooage Colt. Challenger. Plymouin Arrow. Lancer. Sapporo. Capri. Courier. Fiat.
        Volkswagen with Holly 2110 carO

        OCU8LE 3ARREL— GMC V6 1979-31 196. 200. 229 and 231 engine 4" base: GMC V8
        1377-79301. 1973-81 260. 1979-81 257 and 305 engines

 NO. i    FOUR BARREL— AMC 4 Jeeo V8 1967-74, GMC V8 1957-66. Chrysler V8 1964-72 single
        caro exceot Carter TO. Fora V8 1957-74 except 351CJ 4 460 Police

 •iO. iQ   FOUR BARREL. Spreafl Bore 4 Ouadraie!— AMC 4 Jeeo V8 1975-76. Ford V8 1975-31 and
        1972-74 351CJ ana «60 Police. GMC V8 1966-31 Ouaaraiet. Chrysler V8 1971-81 Carter
        TO catb.

 DEALERS Invited • Purchase a Sample, Credited as a FREE Sample on
 Initial Order of Approved Dealerships!

 (.•(Of FOR SALE !.'! CALIFORNIA)
 iCasyngm '980 By FUGETT PRODUCTS CO.. INC. ALL SIGHTS SESEflVEO
                                                                           FUEL-SAmS  VAPQH ENEBGIZEB
                                                                                      U.S. PATENT  NO. 4,163,436
                                                                                 MADE FOR AMERICAN AND FOREIGN VEHICLES
                                                                                                                              • DIE CAST ALUMINUM

                                                                                                                                MOUNTING HOLES

                                                                                                                                STATIONARY PROPS

                                                                                                                                STAINLESS STEEL
                                                                                                                                SCREEN 10,000
                                                                                                                                HOLES PER SQ. INCH

                                                                                                                                AIR CHAMBER  TO
                                                                                                                               '.IMPROVE GAS/AIR
                                                                                                                                MIXTURE

                                                                                                                                MANIFOLD INTAKE
                                                                               FREE 60 OAY TRIAL—41 for any reason you ar» not fully satisfied with your
                                                                               purchase of a TURBO-CARS, return within 61 days after dsilvery for FULL RE-
                                                                               FUND, installation or removal excluded. FREE Part replacement available up to
                                                                               (1) year in event of Defects in Material and/or Workmanship, installation,
                                                                               removal, or retnstallatton excluded.
                                                                                                  TESTIMONY
                                                                           *0n a 77 Chevy Van I was getting 15 mpg, it increased to 20 mpg, my Performance
                                                                            Improved, it took the "Ping Out" and the Installation was Easy.—Gene Glaze. IN
                                                                           *l am really thrilled about it! Gas mileage is really improving on my '73 Chev.
                                                                            Wagon. My performance has improved.—Charles Wootard, Indiana
                                                                           "I am very pleased. It not only did what you said, but also makes my motor on my
                                                                            Subaru wagon run MUCH smoother! They are a Real Gas Saver!—Roy Sriskey, TM
                                                                           "It's hard for me to believe the results I'm getting on my '77 Ford LTD. I went 'mm
                                                                            10 to 13.8 mpg, about 50% highway and 60% city driving with a lot of idling.
                                                                            Again thanks (or a superb product.—Mr. Philip Sirota,  New York
                                                                           'For a '75 Ford Granada, it increased our mileage about 4. M.P.G.  Enc;osed check
                                                                            for a 1981 Ford Pick-Uo—Henry Lilly, Birch Tre», MO

                                                                            PLACE YOUR ORDER NOW! As there is a LIMITED SUPF1Y. Order on? for eacn vehi-
                                                                            cle! And Save! Postage and handling PAID with order of two or more TUR80-CAS8S!
       FUGETT PRODUCTS CO., INC. fl.R. 2 BOX 221 GASTON, IN. 47342
 MODEL
    1 a   ZA a   2 a    28 a
  S29.95             $34.95
                Plus S2.50 Postage and Handling

                IN. Residents Add 47. Sales Tax
G CHECK  D  MONEY ORDER              TOTAL
4 D    40 D
   S39.95
YEAR


MAKE


MODEL


EM-.NESIZE i
i
i
                                                                                                   MAILING LABEL - PLEASE PRINT
                                                                             NAME:
                                                                             ADDRESS:.

                                                                             CITY: 	
                     . STATE:
            .ZIP

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                                                                                                                                                   29
                                                                                                                               APPENDIX  H
         INCREASED   GAS   MILEAGE   UP   TO
       35%   WITH
                                                                      FUEL-SAVING  VAPOR EHERGIZER
                                                                                U.S. PATENT  NO.  4,163,436
 IN TEST RESULTS:
 THINK OF IT! Even i 20% INCREASE would oa Ilka getting 24 cents EXTRA
 GASOLINE oer gallon mat you ouy 11 SI.20 per gallon! Most venictes tested were in
 :ne 20-PLUS-flange ol INCREASE Hignway Driving.
     1976 Eldorado CiQUUc. 500 cu. in. ing. Irom 16.99 to 22.97 Increase 35%
     1973 Chevy 9 pass Wagon. 400 cu. in. Eitg. Irom 17.0 to 22.20 Increas* 30%
 ' Test Results Avaiiaoie an aoova and oiner venicles on request.
 Jon i oe looiad Ov me claims ol mose wno oiler devices to increase mileage. 5ut ac-
 ;uaiiv restrict tna Mow ot air. {Window Screen (256) doles oar so. incn. 3LOCXS OUT
 JGOUI 40% AIR FLOW). Th* P« FEN TED ruR80-CAH8 compensates lor Alfl restncran
 ay ^directing me (low ol air from tne carouretor tnrougn an Enlarged Air Chamoer. II
 ALSO acu as a ncai risar to pre-fleai tne mniure and AID oistndunon! CARBURETOR
 MANUALS say. lor eiticiency, gerformanca. and less pollution, me fuel must oe
 atomized and vaoorized! Praia a droo ot liquid on your not intake manifold and oaten
 it soread out. Out a line micro-sue soacx will instantly vaoonze! A course soray and
 large oroos ol turn pass Irom carourator into intake mamioiO. making it almost im-
 Mssioie lo completely vaoonza and mix witn ma rigm amount ol air. You see wny
 inucn at your luel is wasted and not Ournea! That's ona reason car manufacturers
 •jse a catalytic convener in tna  unaust system to Ourn me unournad gas. wnicn
 snould  nave 0«en ournt in ma engine! Witn tne PATENTED TUR80-CAR3 luel saver.
 Urge liquid arooieis of luel are oroken into a line micro-sue oanicies. witn a poten-
 tial ol 10.000 oar suuari incn! This makes ma luai mucti easier to vaoorizt. wmla a
. stationary oroo orovidn propulsion turouianca to mix and direct tna "tog-like"
 jiomizeo luet against tne hot intake mam/old walls, ior more comoieia vaoorizmg.
 energizing and economy! Witn less ooilution at nydro caroons and longer engine life!
 TURBO-ORB fuel saver ros unique PATENTED FEATURES! Wny not SPINNING
 PROPS? Secause ma AIR FLOW Controls me Proas. SO wnere's Resistance to causa
 Turoulanca and Mix? STATIONARY PROPS Tested an  Increase over me Spinning
 Proas!  There are no moving part] to wear out. -or electrical pans to Ourn out.-or
 causa fouling or stalling at your engine! And it's safe wnen properly installed.
 '•founts under carouretor. mounting instructions, soils and gasket] included.
 HOW TO 0«OB:
 I   CMC* wmen model nMOM Mow.
 2.  C3«CK flood ciuranca oatwon jir-ciuMr and noon on vow v*mda. You wiM n*ad 1 tncft all
    ™oe*«. ncaot 4-oarrn ouid and soraad bore. I  3/8 incn
    -leedaa. ina OTBMM gui«. ro cmcx. MCI MODEL micxMas ol msn w«M on inqn OOMK
    m aif n*ww»  ^v»v» fvwrt. oowi. jno il ttr«»o t, comoresMO. '«0ue» Oy in«nn«s * o^wam
    5JJKM n find nwoM durvic*. and/or it aossiOM to inatan on your vefiictt.
 SOTE. :-4ood irav oouidv M Miiutad at tnv ningta ana latcrt. ana/or mwunon it any ovaf mt air
 ::ean«f cul out 10 g« aooed ooaranca.
 MOOR
 'to. i.
           DESClllfTlON:
SINGLE 9ADRH. (2-w omyi. US and FOREIGN maun, mouom) u»-«nn moan am.
 10. 2A  OOUBLE  3ARREL.—Honda.  Oatsun.  Toyota (nc. 20R jnqmal. Uuoa. Oo«. Audi.
             . Volhswaoan RiofM.  Qa*nar. Scirocea
 10. 2
        OOU8LE 34BB6L. 124480111. US main me. IMC 4 CMC 1980481  TO. rord V8 1957-74 ncrol 3JICJ 4 460 fnca

 •lo JO  FOUR 8ARR6L. Sortad 8ora i Ouaoraiei—»MC VJ  1975-78. Ford VS  1975-78 and
        1972-74 3SICJ and «60 PWica. GMC V8 196S-JI Quadraial. Cnrysar V8 1971-31 Carter ,
        TO card. |H*0 KM AMC tnq. nel JVMMM jn on imj n«o« I


 sOTE: Snionwms usually 'T^ao• wimn 48 nows al recaiol ol your order wnen inveniorias oetmtr. A
 .imiiod suooiv  So Hurry! Get your order in early.
                                                              Don I oe left out! Order on* for eacn venicia! Ana Save! Postag* ana nanoling PUO
                                                              ««n oraer ot rwo or more TURBO-CARBS!

                                                              SAVE! S3.00 EACH—ORDER WITHIN 10 OAT'S Of  POSTMARK AND OEflUCT
                                                              FROM PRICE ON COUPON—4nduda Postmark as fnat.
         i«w » ruotrr TKOUCTS co . me.
                                     5 nfsuvto
FUGeTT PRODUCTS CO.. INC. 3.H. 2 SOX 221 GASTON. IN 47342 I
-oca: . • FE3 * E81 -.
I 3 2AO 28 2B C3 4 Q -UJQ
544 95 14495 S49.91 149 .95 SS4.9S SV 95 S
Plus $2.30 Postage and Handling
Post Paid on Orders ot Mo or mnr» S
IN. Aeiidems Ada 4% Silt* Tn S
C CHECX C MONEY OHOEfl
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CITY- .
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TOTAL S 	
MODEL ENGINE SIZE
'/C/'l^i £Z-T" AT/
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