EPA-AA-TEB-84-2
A Study of Exhaust Emissions from Eighty-Four  High
           Mileage  1980 Passenger Cars
                        by

                 John C.  Shelton
                   December  1983
            Test and Evaluation Branch
       Emission Control Technology Division
             Office of Mobile Sources
       U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

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ABSTRACT

This paper  describes  the results of  an exhaust emission  testing  program
conducted on  eighty-four 1980  model year  passenger  cars.   The  primary
purpose  of  this  program  was  to  examine  the  emission  performance  of
high-mileage  vehicles.   Secondary  objectives  included  an assessment  of
the condition and performance  of  the emission-related components  and  the
collection  of  information   for  development   and  improvement   of   I/M
programs.   The  work  was  performed  by Automotive  Testing  Laboratories
(ATL) at the Transportation Research Center  in East Liberty,  Ohio.

The  test  vehicles were  drawn  from  the general public  in  the  Columbus,
Ohio area using direct mail  solicitation.  Only  vehicles  with over 70,000
miles were  sought.  This resulted in an average odometer  reading  for  the
fleet  of   83,698.    The  tests  performed   included  the   Federal   Test
Procedure,  the  Highway Fuel Economy Test and  several short  tests.   The
program began in April, 1983 and was completed in August, 1983.

The  results of this  program  indicate  that  some  of  these  vehicles  are
capable of  maintaining  low  emission levels  although high  levels are  also
possible  due   to   emission   control  component   failure,   engine wear,
deterioration  and  tampering.   The  average  emission  test  results  were
significantly higher  than  the  standards  under  which they were  certified
and  somewhat  higher  than  the  averages of comparable  in-use  vehicles  at
lower mileages.  City and Highway fuel economy values were  also found  to
be slightly lower than those published in the 1980 Gas Mileage Guide.

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Introduction

Few  data  are currently  available  on late  model,  in-use vehicles  beyond
the  50,000  mile "useful  life"  defined by  Federal Regulations.   Because
approximately half  of  the  passenger cars  registered  today  have  passed
that point, this category of vehicles has a  significant  impact  on ambient
air  quality.  In  this project,  emission data  were collected  on  a  sample
of  1980  model  year  vehicles which  had exceeded  70,000 odometer  miles.
The  test  results  will  be used to  support   estimates  of future  emission
levels from vehicles with this type of control technology.

Purpose

The purpose of this program was three-fold:

    1.   To gather advanced information on  high mileage  vehicles  in order
         to  better  predict  future  emissions from  vehicles  which  have
         accumulated mileage at a more normal rate.

    2.   To identify  weaknesses  and  potential failure areas  in  emission
         control  systems so  that  the  effectiveness  of  the  regulatory
         process can be enhanced.

    3.   To  provide  information  for  development  and   improvement   of
         inspection/maintenance programs.

Program Design

This work  was  performed by Automotive  Testing Laboratories (ATL)  at the
Transportation  Research  Center   of  Ohio   under   EPA   Contract   tfo.
68-03-3157.  Eighty-four vehicles of  the 1980  model year with  over 70,000
miles were sought at  random from a direct mailing. The vehicles  selected
were in  customer  use and were  tested  "as-received"  in order  to reflect
differences  in  usage,  maintenance  and repair.   Names  and addresses  of
owners of  1980  model year passenger  cars  in  the  area of  Columbus,  Ohio
were purchased  from R.L. Polk Co.   Solicitation  packages were mailed to
13,087 owners at  random.  The package  included  a  letter  and  a  postpaid
reply card  with which an owner  could report  certain  vehicle  information
and  express  his willingness to participate.   A  copy  of  this  package is
included as Appendix  A.   Since  we  were seeking vehicles with  the highest
mileage,  ATL  ranked  the positive   responses  by  odometer   reading.     No
attempt was  made  to  procure  a sample  which  represented national  sales.
Owners of  vehicles  with  the  highest  readings were contacted and offered
an incentive package  consisting of a  fclOO  Savings  Bond, a  loan car and a
full  tank  of fuel  upon  return  of  their  vehicle.  ATL  also   offered to
exchange cars at  the owner's convenience  and promised  a  summary  of  the
test results on their vehicle.

At  the  initial meeting,  the principal  driver was  asked  to   complete  a
short questionnaire and fill out several forms related to  the  exchange of
vehicles.  Examples of these are included as Appendix  B.

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Oncer*" each  vehicle  was   acquired,  an  ATL  technician  prepared  it  for
testing.  Fluid levels were  checked and corrected but no  other  underhood
activities were conducted.  A sample of the  drained  fuel was  analyzed for
lead content.  Preconditioning  consisted  of  the first 505  seconds  of the
Federal Driving  Cycle on  the  dynamometer or  driving for  10 minutes  on
city streets.  This was followed by a 12-24 hour soak period.

Each vehicle was tested as-received in the following sequence:

    1.   Federal  Test Procedure  (without  heat-build or  measurement  of
         evaporative emissions).

    2.   "Bagged  Idle"  test.   During   this  three  minute   idle  test  the
         exhaust  emissions  are  gathered   through   the   CVS.   The  FTP
         instruments are used to analyze the diluted sample.

    3.   "50  MPH   Cruise"   Test.   This   short  cycle   employs   garage
         instruments  to   measure  tailpipe  concentrations   of HC  and  CO
         during the 50 mph preconditioning for the HFET.

    4.   Highway Fuel Economy Test.

    5.   Four-Mode  Idle   Test.   This  short  test  is comprised  of  four
         steady state modes:   Idle in neutral, 2500  rpm in neutral, idle
         in  neutral,  and  idle  in  drive.   Garage instruments are  used to
         sample tailpipe concentrations of HC and CO for each mode.

    6.   Loaded Two-Mode  Test.   Sampling is  done as before  usiogc garage
         instruments.  The  first  mode is  30 mph at  9:,actual .dynamometer
         horsepower.  The second mode is idle in neutraL..'.  •,..:••  :~-~i'

    7.   Restart  Idle Test.   This idle  test consists  of two  operating
         modes.  At  the  end of  the 6-minute  idle  period, the  engine is
         shut  off.   The  vehicle  is  immediately  restarted  using  the
         hot-start  procedure and  the  engine  is  brought  up  to 2500 rpm
         (+300  rpm).  Emissions  are  measured  within  30  seconds.   The
         engine is  then  returned  to  idle neutral and idle  emissions are
         measured  within  30 seconds.   Garage  instruments  are  used  to
         sample tailpipe concentrations of HC and CO for each mode.

    8.   A complete  underhood  inspection  was performed  after  the emission
         tests.

The  FTP and HFET  data are  used  for  comparison with certified  emission
levels  and  to  help project  future  levels  of air quality  due to vehicles
of  the  1980  model  year.    The   inspections   and   short  cycles  provide
information  for  development  and   improvement  of  Inspection/Maintenance
programs.

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Results

The  program  began  in  April,  1983.    It  was  conducted  sucessfully  in
accordance with the design and was completed  in August,  1983.

Of  the  13,087  solicitation  packages  sent  out,  responses  were  received
from 4966 owners.  This total of 38 percent was  three percent  higher  than
in  our   1979  model  year  vehicle  program but  somewhat  lower  than  the
approximately  50 percent  experienced  in  other  similar  programs.    We
attributed this difference to  the  text  of  the letter which indicated  our
primary interest in high mileage vehicles.  No  follow-ups, either  by  mail
or phone, were part  of the plan.

Figure 1 displays the  number and  type  of  responses versus time.   Eighty
percent of the  responses  were  received within  nine days of the  mailing.
Of the total  responses, 69 percent  indicated  a  willingness  to  participate
in  our  program  although,  because  of  the  mileage  requirement,  only  two
percent  were  both  willing   and able  to  participate.    Only  acceptable
vehicles with over  70,000  miles  were tested  with an average  odometer
reading for the fleet of 83,698.
                 MB. a
                                                 TOTAL RESPONSES
                                      Undeliverable or no longer owns
                     a. a      s.a       IB.a     is.a     20. a
                                  Number of Days Since Mailing
                              Figure 1.  Response Rate Versus Time
zs. a

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Although  no  attempt  was  made  to  procure  a  sample  which  represented
national  sales,  the test  fleet  tested  reasonably  reflects the  national
population  for  the  1980  model   year   based  on  Automotive  News  sales
figures.   While there  were   some  shortages  of  Fords  and  miscellaneous
imports  and an  over-representation of  Chryslers,   Datsuns,  and  Hondas,
these variances were probably due  to the relative strengths of  dealers in
the Columbus  area.  Table  1  presents  the  sample  share versus  the market
share.

                                 Table 1
            Sample  Share  versus Market  Share (1980 Model Year)

                        Sample                      Market

General Motors           50%                          46%

Ford                      5                          16

Chrysler                 13                           7

AMC                       1                           2

Datsun                   10                           6

Honda                     8                           4

Audi                      2                           1

VW                        1                           1

Toyota                    6                           7

Mazda                     4                           2

Misc. Imports           	0                         	8
                        100%                         100%

Emission Test Results
A summary  of  the  results from the  FTP  and  HFET tests are  shown  in Table
2.  FTP  and HFET  results for each vehicle are  attached as  Appendix  C.
FTP results  for individual  pollutants  are displayed  in ranked  order  in
Figures 2 through 4.

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                                                   C.BB
Figure 2.   FTP HC Levels in  Ascending
             Order
                                                                           MS.a   sa.a   TS.B   SB.a
                                                                                               1980 Standard
                                                                                           75.81
                                                    SB. a
                                                    SB. B
                                                    SB. a
Figure 3.   FTP CO Levels  in Ascending
             Order
™  3B.B

8

£  za.a
                                                    IB.B
                                                    B.B
                                                                   CO
                                                                                         1980 Standard
                                                              IS.a   3B.B   MS. 8   BB.B   75.B   9B.B

                                                                     NUMBER Of VEHICLES
                                                    s.aa
                                                    s.aa
                                                  _ M.BB
 Figure  4.   FTP  NOx Levels in Ascending
             Order
                                                    a.aa
                                                    i . aa
                                                    e.aa
                   NO
                                                                                            1980 Standard
                                                              ic.«   aa.a   SK.B   aa.
                                                                     HtMBER OF VEHICLES
                                        71.a  aa.•

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This program

Stds/Guide
                                 Table 2
                  Average Test Results versus Standards
                             FTP Emissions
                N   Odom
            HC
CO
NOx
84  83,698  1.11  11.2  2.1

 -   —      .41   7.0  2.0
                                            Fuel Economy
Pass

 12

100
             % of Guide
FTP   HFET   FTP  HFET
                    19.6  28.3
                            94   95

                           100  100
Note: Emission  results  are in  grams  per mile, fuel  economy is  in  miles
per gallon.
Miles-per-gallon  (mpg)   figures  for   both   the  FTP   and  HFET   were
calculated.  The  average  fuel  economy  was  compared  to  the  appropriate
values  listed  in EPA's  1980  Gas Mileage  Guide.  Figures  5  and  6  are
histograms  of  fuel  economy  as  a   percentage   of   guide   value.    The
distribution of  the values  appear  to be  reasonable  and  consistent  with
the results of earlier work.

Idle vs FTP Emissions

As can be expected, there  was a  reasonable  correlation between results of
the FTP and the results of  the idle  test.   Using  fairly typical cutpoints
of 250 ppm for HC and 2.5% for CO, Table 3 displays the  excess FTP  HC and
CO emissions identified by  the four mode idle  test.   Excess  emissions are
the amount of FTP emissions  above certification levels.   Shown in Figures
7 and  8  are  plots of FTP  emission levels  versus  results  of a  basic  idle
test.                                             •.<•'..

                                 Table 3            "'.
            Excess  FTP Emissions Identified by the Idle  Test
               1980 MY High  Mileage Passenger Cars (N=84)
                             	HC gm/mi
                           	       I
Total Excess FTP Emissions 69
Failed 4 Mode Idle Test
Passed 4 Mode Idle Test*
N
69
5
64
Avg.
0.86
1.99
0.77
%
100
16.8
83.2
CO gm/mi
N
51
5
46
B%
100
23.2 26.1
7.1 73.9
* 2nd Neutral of 4 Mode Idle   250ppm  HC and   2.50% CO

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                Average   FE  -  94% of Guide Value
2S.B
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J is. a
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Percent
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8
i

3

7S
       BB    HS    30     as     IBB    IBS    110
         FTP  Fuel  Economy  As  A  Percent  of Guide  Value

       Figure 5.   Histogram of  FTP  Fuel Economy  Values
                Average  HFET  -  95%  of  Guide Value


                              25
20 . 0
D
^J
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.^ 1 S . 0
•J
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,? 10.0

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6

3


75     B0     BS    SB    as    IBB   IBS   MB    MS
              HFET Fuel Economy as a Percent of Guide Values

          Figure 6.  Histogram of HFET Fuel Economy Values

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                                                                           10
=
s
     5.
     s. aa
     H . aa
       aa
     2. aa
     i . aa
     a. aa
                            *
           *  *

             •
                                      1980,
                                    Typical Idle
                                    Test Outpoint
                                 Federal Standard (.41 gm/rai)
                SB
                                                            saa
             iaa   i SB   zaa   zsa   30a
             Idle Test Results for HC (ppm)
Figure  7-  Results of Idle Test Versus FTP Values  for HC
     7S.B
     ea. a
     MS . a
     3B. a
       s. a
      a. a
                                        Tvoical Idle
                                        Test Cutooint
                                      19SO Federal Standard (7.0 gn/mi)
          a. aa
          i  . aa     2 . aa      3 . aa      M . aa     s . aa
                      Idle Test Results  for  CO  (%)
Figure 8. Results of Idle Test  Versus FTP Values  for CO

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                                                                               11
Underhood Inspection

Each of the vehicles was tested  in  "as-received"  condition  to  gather data
representative  of  normal  use.   An  underhood  inspection  of  emission
related  components  and adjustments  was  also  conducted  to evaluate  the
degree  of  any  maladjustments,  disablements,   inadequate  maintenance,
defects,  unusual  deterioration  or  misbuilds.   Any  abnormal  physical
condition or  a measured value outside an allowable  range was coded  as  a
failure.

While results  from  past  programs have  shown that  vehicles which are  in
proper  operating  order are  more likely  to produce  the lowest  emission
levels, only  three  of the  vehicles in  this  effort were  found to  be  in
proper  order  and all  three  of  these  vehicles  failed  the  standards.   A
summary  of  these  findings  is  contained in  Appendix  D.   Although  more
failures of  components were  noted  in  this  program  than  in  low  mileage
programs,  no  clear  area   of  failures  were observed.   Typical  problems
include idle mixture adjustment, basic  timing,  idle  speed,  choke  settings
and EGR tampering.

Misfueling

Fuel samples  were drawn from each of  the vehicles and examined  for lead
content.   In  addition, filler  necks  were  examined and   the  PLUMBTESMO
(lead sensitive paper applied  to the  tailpipe)  test  was conducted.  Three
vehicles which required  the use  of  unleaded  fuel  were  found   to  show
positive signs  of  using  leaded fuel.   Those  three  vehicles  failed  the-.'.
PLUMBTESMO test, but  the  as-received fuel sample contained  less  than .05 ."^
gm/gal of lead which  could indicate just a  "casual"  use of  leaded  fuel.
This was not  considered  unusual in that the  proportion of all  vehicles
which  have  been  misfueled  might  not  be  properly  .represented  in  a
voluntary program  sponsored by  EPA.   No filler  necks were  found  to  be
altered.

Comparison With Results of Other Programs

EPA  has  conducted  several test programs  which  sampled comparable  1980
models.  During  these  earlier programs, 345 vehicles from  the 1980  model
year were tested.   The average mileage for  this  sample was 18,481 miles.
Of  this  sample,  42%  met   their  standard with  average HC  and CO levels
slightly above the  standard.  Average  NOX  emissions  were  slightly  below
the  standard.  These results  are  listed in Table 4 and  are  plotted  in
Figures 9-11.

Other results were  obtained  from recent  programs known as EF-I  & EF-II.
These programs included 170  vehicles  from the  1980 model year which were
tested at EPA's Ann Arbor  facility.  A  random  sample  drawn  from within 20
miles of Ann  Arbor  was obtained using  the  State  of  Michigan registration
list.  The  first 170  acceptable vehicles were  tested.   The  testing  was
completed in  October  1983.   Results from this   program are  also listed in
Table 4 and plotted in Figures 9-11.

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                                                                                                   12
                                                      3.BB
Figure  9.    Relationship of  Average HC
              Levels  to Odometer Reading
                                                                                          2.71
                                                                   zs        sa        75

                                                                      Odometer in Thousands
                                                                                                  IB0
Figure  10.  Relationship  of Average CO
              Levels to Odometer  Reading
                                                      3B.B
                                                                                             30.1
                                                      a.a
                                                                                             This Progra
                                                                                             11.2
                                                                                    1980 Standard
                                                                    25        Sa        75
                                                                       Odometer In Thousands
                                                                                                  IBB
 Figure  11.  Relationship of Average NOx
              Levels to  Odometer Reading
                                                       2. SB
                                                       2.BB
                                                        .KB
                                                   z
                                                   t
                                                      a. SB
                                                       a. BO
                                                                    NO
                                                                             ,60
                                                                                           2.«0
                                                                                           2.13	 1980 Standard
                                                                                           This program
1.67     1.69
Old EF    EF 1,2
                                                                    25        SB        75
                                                                        Odoneter In Thousands
                                  IBB

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                                                                               L3
As  can be  seen  from Table  4,  the  average  emission  levels  of  these
vehicles  show a  definite  trend  toward  higher  levels  as  the  vehicles
accumulate mileage.  Without restorative maintenance, the cause  for  these
differences cannot be precisely determined.

                                 Table 4
                 Average Test Results From Three Sources
                         of Emission Factor Data

                                 	FTP	    %       Fuel Economy
                   £     Odom    H£    CO    NOx    Pass     FTP    HFET

Earlier EF         345   18,481   .57   8.0  1.67    42       88     93
Ann Arbor (EF1.2)  170   36,753   .67   8.8  1.69    28       98     99
This program        84   83,700  1.11  11.2  2.13    12       94     95

Note: Emission results are  in  grams  per mile,  fuel economy  is  in percent
of Guide Value.

Comparison with MOBILE2 Projections

According to  the  information  contained in Figures 9, 10, and  11, MOBILE2
is  overestimating HC,  CO, and  NOX  emissions  for  the   1980  model  year
vehicles at higher mileage.  Due  to  the small number of  1980's  tested at
the  time MOBILE2  was issued,  MOBILE2 assumed that  1980  deterioration was
equal  to  1975-79 deterioration.  However,  the  1980  model  year contains
approximately 50% GM's,  all of which  have  sealed idle mixture  ara± choke
in advance  of the regulations (1981).   Sealing  of-; the parameters  led to
lower  deterioration,  since it is much harder  to maladjust  idle mixture.
MOBILE3 will  incorporate  the  latest  data,  and  have: signficantly  lower
HC/CO DR's  than MOBILE2.   One  other  reason  for  the difference  may be that
these  vehicles have  accumulated  their mileage  at  ah  accelerated  rate
(approximately 35,000  per  year)  and therefore,  have not  encountered as
much   deterioration   due  to   aging  as  vehicles  with   normal  mileage
accumulation.   On  the  other  hand,  interviews  with  the  participants
indicated that a  number of the vehicles  are  no longer their  primary one
and now receive less scheduled maintenance.

Conclusions

The  results  of  this program  indicate that  some of  these vehicles  are
capable of  maintaining low emission levels although  high  levels are also
possible  due to  emission  control   component   failure,   engine  wear,
deterioration and tampering.   The average emission test  results of these
high-mileage  1980 models were  significantly  higher  than  those  resulting
from  the  EPA Certification tests.   Considering  the  results  from  other
studies  on 1980  models at  lower mileage,  there is also  a  clear  trend
toward  increasing emission levels  with age, mileage and  the associated
degradation of components  and  adjustments.   On  the other hand, the actual
HC  and CO  emissions  (at  least  for  this  model  year) were significantly
lower  than  predicted by  the  MOBILE2 model while the NOX  emissions were
only  slightly lower.   City  and  Highway  fuel  economy  values  were  also
found  to  be slightly lower than  those  published in  the  1980  Gas Mileage
Guide.

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                                                                                         APPENDIX  A   14
           UNITED STATES
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGTENCY-
        •£;•       and
  Automotive Testing Laboratories, inc.
             P.O. Box 289
        East Liberty. Ohio 43319
                                                           FIRST—CLASS MAIL
                                                             U.S. POSTAGE
                                                                 PAID
                                                            East L;oerty. Ohio
                                                              Permit No  5
0/i
                          'airing icoorctorm >nc
                     ) 221-0334       (Coiumom)
                  ; 513) 66C-I351      ;ESJTUO*TV)
                                           NO POSTAGE
                                           NECESSAfl"
                                            IP MAILED
                                             iN THE
                                          UNITED STATES
                            BUSINESS REPLY MAIL
                            -iBST CLASS PS3MIT NO. ; £AST i:3E37V 3HIQ
                             POSTAGE WILL 3E PAID BY ADDRESSEE.

                            U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                            C'O
                            Automotive Testing Laboratories, Inc.
                            P.O. Sox 289
                            East Liberty, Ohio 43319
                       _,  ves. ' am mterestea in tms orogram
!
                                   .-eaoing
                                     (?!•••• Mil in odometer raiding)
                                                                    Tines
                       Z  Sorry. ! "av« cnosen not to oameioaie.

                       3  : «ouid like more information.

                       —  ; .10 longer awn a ;979 or '980 venicie.

                       reieonone	 Best ;ime to can

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..                                                                 I5
*  «»   i     UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                          ANN ARBOR. MICHIGAN 48103
                                                                  CP^'Ci OP
                                                               . NCiSE ANS
  Dear Vehicle Owner
  The Environmental Protection Agency is conducting an important air pollution
  study. The actual work will be performed under contract by Automotive Testing
  Laboratories (ATL) at the Transportation Research Center of Ohio. You have
  been-selected as a possible participant in this program, in which an official EPA
  fuel economy and emissions test would be performed on your vehicle. You may
  be able to help us and be rewarded for your cooperation.
  Our current program involves testing 1979 and 1980 vehicles with high
  odometer readings. If your vehicle qualifies, we will offer you the following
  incentives to participate:
       1.  The use of a late-model fully insured loaner car with a full tank of fuel.
         We will exchange vehicles at a time and place of your choice. .-<•
      2.  A S100 U.S. Savings Bond.                                   ;>--
      3.  Return of your vehicle with a full tank cf fuel.              ••  .;
      4.  The results of the emission and fuel economy tests.
  No unusual operations will be performed on your vehicle and it will be fully
  insured for the entire test period, which will take approximately one week. If
  you are willing to participate, a representative of ATL will be in touch with you
  to ask questions about your vehicle.
  Please  complete and return the enclosed postpaid reply ccird as soon as pos-
  sible, even if you choose not to participate or if your odometer reading is r.ot
  high. Other programs are planned lor which you may be eligible.
  The enclosed information sheet answers questions people often ask about :r^s
  program. If you have any additional questions, please leel tree to call ?r.sc:ila
  Brace cf ATL at 221-0336 or John Shelton of my staff ct (313) 668-42CC. Tr.ey will
  be able to answer any questions you may have.
  We look forward to receiving your reply card or a telephone call very scon.
  Sincerely,
   Ralph C. Stahman, Chief
   Test and Evaluation Branch
   Enclosures

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/
1
                                                                           16
      \   UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

                        ANN ARBOR- M|CHIGAN 48103
              MOTOR VEHICLE EMISSION TESTING PROGRAMS
                       Questions and Answers

1.   Must I participate in this program?

    No, your cooperation in this program is completely voluntary. If, for any reason,
    you decide not to participate, please let us know on the enclosed postpaid reply
    card.
2.  Why should I participate?

   In addition to a $100.00 U.S. Savings Bond, a leaner vehicle and a full tank of
   gasoline, your participation will benefit you indirectly by helping EPA under-
   stand and improve the quality of the air in and around your city.


3.  How long will the test program take?

   The test program takes approximately 1 week. The length of time is dependent
   on how many other cars are being tested.


4.  Will my vehicle be mistreated in any way?

   No, every aspect of the test program has been designed to duplicate everyday
   operation.
5.   Exactly what will be done to my vehicle?

    A complete  underhood inspection  will  be performed.  The vehicle must  be
    commpletely cooled off before the test can begin. This requires that the vehicle
    not be started for 12 to 26 hours to simulate overnight parking. Once the venic.'e
    is sufficiently cooled off,  it  will be pushed onto a dynamometer. Althougn the
    vehicle doesn't actually move during the test,  the dynamometer is a type of
    treadmill which simulates conditions which would normally be encountered on
    the road. A hose is connected  to the exhaust  pipe to  collect the exhaust. A
    specially trained driver then starts the vehicle and "drives" it through a "driving
    cycle" which represents typical operation in urban, suburban and rural areas.
    Throughout this time, a portion of the exhaust gases is collected for subsequent
    exhaust analysis. This  analysis  allows us to calculate the quantity of exnaust
    emissions emitted by your vehicle. Values for the city and highway fuel economy
    are also calculated.

                                       (over)

-------
 6.  How many miles will my vehide be driven during the program?

    Yqur vehicle will be driven approximately 100 odometer miles during the testing.
    The majority of these miles will be accumulated indoors on the dynamometer. A
    10 minute road test might precede the dynamometer testing.


 7.  How will my vehicle be protected while In your possession?

    In addition to providing insurance, we will store your vehicle indoors while the
    testing is being conducted. If required to be parked outside, your vehicle will be
    located in a locked and secure area at ATL's Motor Vehicle Emission Laboratory
    which is located at the Ohio Transportation Research Center in East Liberty, Ohio.


 3.  What happens to  the information obtained from my vehicle?

    The information collected as a result of this program is used to determine the
    emissions performance of in-use vehicles and its effect on air quality. The data
    from your vehicle are combined with data from other vehicles in this area in order
    to obtain a statistically valid sample.


 9.  How can I obtain  the results  from the testing of my vehicle?

    If you request, after the completion of the testing you can  obtain the results on
    your vehicle. We will forward them to you as soon as all the data have been pro-
    cessed.


10.  What happens if my vehicle fails to meet any emission standards?

    We expect that a certain proportion of the vehicles will fail to meet one or more of
    the emission standards. However, none of the information collected from  this
    program will be used against individual vehicle owners.
                                                                              17

-------
                                       VEHICLE OWNER QUESTIONNAIRE
                                                     DATA SHEET
                                                                     APPENDIX  B
                CONTRACT
                NUMBER
    OS
    M
  wi 2
  £i
H W
Ul t-
   M
   in
   oc
   u
   S
IUENT
  J)  what is tins brand naew of th« fuel you itonuily  u»«  (so* list helow)?
  2]   H«v« you. or atl*er*. ever noticed a hydroqcn sulfid*  (rotten
       odoc in  ch« vehicle «jUi4«i«c?
                                                    1 (n«v«r)
                                                    : 
                                                    3 (occ»«ioajlly)
                                                    4 (frequently)
                                                    S (don't know)
  •4)   H you  hav«
        4)   H«v* you nociod any di
-------
VEHICLE OWNEH QUESTIONNAIRE
         DATA'SHEET
19



roL-:.NT

com
NOUS
~P
_
-
'RA
ER
n
J
CT
r
M^«



sk
ft
u
u: a
w S
£1
T
JLJ
•

•c«"i"i
!j?


f
uo
u
H
J


U
H
M
in
r
M^M



s=i
tf

u :
> :
Tl
JJ
ti
§
r
ta^M



.

H
U)
U
H
feau


U
0.
>
e-
•••••



BJ


H
CO
u
H
"1
J
CV
U
I/I
r
u



^ffipg^^^^^^rW^O^jg^S^fe^SSSi^SacS?^
m^HHHfl^^HM^^V^^^^"'MlBBH^^^^^^B0^^^B^^^^^^BM^^^^BBVI^HMHBUH
a) On a yearly basis, now many thousands of oils* is tius v«hici« driven?





7) Wh«r* i* th« irivtnq don«7 a) City «xpca««ways

al«M£ ail: >7S\
•xe: 75-51%
•BBM< 50-51V
Utr 1«t or •niwi < 20% a) na^or city «cr*«cj



c) ocn«r city scr*«c*



d) Rural «xpr««rway«



«) Ocnar rural roaos



i) rfow is tn« isvinq dona? *) To and £ro» worX

«lmoct al) : > ?r>l
•Mt: 75-51%
~m*: S0-21\
Ucul* or 0n«: C :o\ SI Sixoppinq and errands



cl ausui«ss Cnoc to and ir-aa *orx)



d) Cv.ner (social, vacations, etc.)



9) Mow did yo« *c hart today?


Appro*. •*.!««
I (0-5)
2 (S-LO)
3 (10-15)
4 (IS- 20)
S (20-30)
6 (ov«r 30)
1 (al«o>c all)
2
3
•o«O
MM)


4 (lied* or non«)

L
2
3

a~lcosi
•oat)
MSM)

c all)


4 (littia or nan*)
I (al«a«e all)
2
3
•esc)
irtMl


4 (Uccl* or nona)
1 lalaosc all)
2 (ra«c)
3
__^_^_ 1

4 (littl* or non*l
1-
Z:..
3 "
alnosc ail)
•oat)
MM)


4 (lic^l* or non«)
1 (
2 (
3 (
alaoiT
•osc)
SOMl
: all)


4 (lit rii or non«)
I (alaose all)
2 (rase)
3 (
soow)

4 (liczl* or none)
: (
2 (
alffoit
B0«t)
. all)

3 (*OM|
4 dittl* or none)
1 (alaost all)
2 (aosc)
3 (*oa«)
4 (lic:l« or non«)
1 (city tcraaci only)
2 (IO«M axpr«*swayl
3 (primarily «xprtssways)


•

-------
                     VEHICLE  OWNEK QU£ST10NNAIR£

                                  DATA SHEET
   J6
CONTRACT]

NUMBER
  o;
  u
* If)
w r
< D
H Z
                           H U
                           en H
                           U M
                           H ui
  OS
  (J
- ^
Si
H U
(/I 0.
u >
6- H
w o
u u
H w
           4)  Oriv«r only
   4lWMt 44ll> 73\

        •o«t:  75-61%

        S«MII  SO-21\

Uctl« or rx)n*t < 2O>
                        b)
                         cj  Ori
                                      2  or
                                                            I  (aloon *li!

                                                            :  (»o«e)


                                                            4  (lictl* or nen«)
                                                        »U)

                                               2 (•»•«)

                                               1 (*OM|

                                               4 (lictl« or non«)
                                               I i«lM«C ill)

                                               2 (a0«e;

                                               1 (SOB*)

                                               4 (licti* or  nen«)
                            Oriv«r only «ten h«4vy cargo
                                                            2 (mo«C)

                                                            } (
-------
VEHICLE  UWNF.R.
          DATA  SHEET
                                                 21




IDENT

CONTRACT
NUMBER








E?
uc,
1.4
ui :'•:
•< :j
H V£

••



p


Ul
N
H



U4
I-
(-1
Ul





fa
St.
Ul
-. y
u :
5» '.

-i
£





t
.

H
Ul
U
H



U4
ft.
h
1




fci


t/l (.«
u u
H ui










Ss=*8S^*StSli^=S8§





14) Ov«r»ll, *rt you rt««on«Aly t*ca*fi«d *xtn UM «/vqin*
t**r?9raA/ic« of vn* v«hici«?

12} How lon HOW lanq iqo ~«r« -.n«s« rep*ira «c«npli*n«l?

t



;i) w«r« ;n««« r«p*Ars «il«c~iv« in ;otr«
-------
VEHICLE OWNER QU£STIONNAIW3
         DATA SHEET
22




IDENT

COHTRACT
NUMBER








k?
at
Ul
in 2
•£ TJ
H £

*



si


H U
in H
H uj





^
cc
w
«3
- ^'





*
•

H
U)
U
H
0


U4
a.
h
1




^1


UJ C«
Ul U
H U)







 14
23) ru* tn« v*
(not
(don't '(now)
(y««)
(no)
ty«s)
(no)
(nac ce»C9i)
!v«rrvncy)
(:un«-up)
(none)
(noc ;««ctd)
|
. i
t
:
4
5
5
ino a*jj5-sr~Lnc«l
(d«*i«r)
!ind«p«ndene q4r»i;«)
!:uA«-
-------
                                       VEHICLE OWNER
                                                     DATA  SHEET
                                                                                                          23
                                                                                                        It
30)  Oo  you  «ccurat«ly k**p r*cord« o< UM fu«i iconuay on tfti* v«Aicl«?
                                                            1
                                                            2  (noJ
         you
                                                            1  (y««)
                                                            2  (no)
32)
irr or
                                                                 .   M _ .
                                                                4J   MOAUI
        —  :  don't know   || : not r«quir*d  jj :  n«v«r  in«p*ct»d"
 U)  otd  your vwlticl* p*«» or (ail ch* in«p»ction?
                                                                             2 (fail)
                                                                             3 (don't  know)
                                                                             4 (not required)
                                                                             S (n«v«r
         Oo««  your
          indieac* tha eru* nuater ol  •!!•• on your car?
1 (y«a)
2 (no)
    bl   If  110,  specify *rvrox.LMC.« total nu»o«f of  aiJ«« eni* v«nicl«  lu«
         b*«n  driven.

-------
                                                                                 24
A)   How cites.is  the car we are testing cured up?
1 (as lease every six)
  aonths)
2 (7 to 12 aonchs)
3 '(Less often than once
  •per year)
4 (According to owners
  canual)
5 (Too new to be tunac)
6 CVhen deeded")
7 (Other)
3 (Don't Know)
9 (Not Applicable)
                                                                                   (1)
 3)    now ioag ago was the last tune up?
1 (6 aonths or' less)
2 (7 to 12 aor.ths)
3 (longer than 12 aonths}(
3 (Don't Kr.ow) .
9 (Sot Applicable)
                                                                                   (2)
 C)    '-"ho did the last tune up?
 1  (car dealer)
 2  (service  station]
 3  (independent  car:
 «  (?elf  cr  ether  :s
   -a==sr)
 7  (Other)
 5  (Don' t -L-.OV)
 9  (Not  Applicable)
      -e  are interested  ir.  the      a)  in the ci.ty
      fuel  econocy  people actually
                         1(4-3'
      get vidx their  cars.   Hov    b)  on the highway
      r.any -ailes  per  gallon do      	
      you get vith  this car?       c)  cor.bir.ed city
                         !C5-7
   r.ter  "93" if  Don't Know)
   r.ser  "99" if  ;:ot  Applicable)
                                       a highway
I   I
                          (S-5

-------
                                                                                   25
— \

     Has unieAcerl gasolir.ft us-uay
     been useo in this  car?
                      2 (15o)
                      8 (Don't Kac-)
                      9 (Sot  Applicable)
                        (10)
     'Jnleadec. gas  is  -ore
     expensive  than leaded
     and ac ci=es  has been
     hard  to-  find.
a) Have you ever used
   leaded gasoline in
   this car?

b) If yes,
   how often?
 1  (yes)
 2  (no)
 8  (don't knb«)
 9  (Not  Applicable)
50  (50 or core")
51  (Never)
52  iSeldon)
53  ^Occasionally)
5A  (Frequently.)
99  (Don't Know or
   nor Applicable)
                                                                                 ! C12-1:

                                                                                  P u i
                                                                                    SO

-------
                                                                             26
TEST NO.:  V-300V
                                                       VEHICLE NO.
                                CUSTOMER CONTRACT
NAME:	^_
ADDRESS:   /5 I  /7)>dGo
    ; CD/LI'
           LI™
                          STATE:  O/t t
HOME PHONE:
DATE/TIME-IN:
                       /6L>
                                                     ZIP  CODE:
                                        WORK PHONE:  / -
                                          DATE/TIME-OUT :
                                BOND  INFORMATION
OWNER:
ADDRESS:
CITT: C.
                                                  a.a.
                                                           ffi /-
CO-OWNER OR BENEFICIARY:
NUMBER OF BONDS: 	/
                          STATE:
                                                  ZIP:
                                      DENOMINATION:
                                                                    OF?ICS OSS
                                                                    PAGE	
                                                                    DATE	
                                                                     BY 	
                               VEHICLE  INSPECTION
                     PAINT
                  OK CHIPS
                               OTHER
                                                                PAINT
                                                            OK  CHIPS   OTHER
LEFT REAR FENDER
LEFT DOORS         v ,
LEFT FRONT FENDER l2.
HOOD
GRILL
FRONT BUMPER
                   2DR
RIGHT FRONT FENDER I/.
RIGHT DOORS        >-.
RIGHT REAR FENDER 	,
TRUNK LID         ^<
BODY STYLE
YIN
ODOMETER
ENGINE FAMILY
CERTIFICATION
                          .  0 e.
                                  /
                             SEP  WAG
REAR END
REAR BDMPE3 ;.-: ^
TOP     ..'.".'•.¥.
WINDOW GLASS-.V-'a^;
ANTENNA   '•'' : '  """'
HUB CAPS
MIRRORS
INTERIOR
TAPS DECK/C3
LICENSE NO.
TIRE MFR.
                                                                       C -, 3
                                                               ~ f£ c
                                - ! ^. Z°f < ftTglRB SIZE
                                _    TIRE CONDITION
                                                            DON'T TEST ?.CT.;T
                    ED  CAL  ALT  OTH
                                     ~ ". v EXHAUST LEAK
                                          I!ISP. INITIALS
                                                            DON'T TEST 35? A
AMENDMENTS 4/OR COMMENTS:
AGREED TO:  ^ 'P^^  S 3>
                                    [DATE], BY
ODOMETER:
CONDITION:
                             CONDITION WHEN RETURNED
                                           DATE:    .
                                         INITIALS:
                                                                       [INITIALS]
                      Automotive  Testing  Laboratories.Inc.
                     P.O.  Box 289, East Liberty,  OH   43319

-------
                                              PARTICIPANT  VEHICLE NO. 379   27


                             VEHICLE EXCHANGE AGREEMENT
    •
Automotive Testing Laboratories. lap. (ATL) is furnishing you a
                                                                    r   o
                                                                   / 5 f<7 —
                   (Hodftl-Ygar)  /y< :->^z
  ( Model-Year )_C»±i£S^ _ (Make, Model)  rWs<~'-<^<^a _ I agree to loan ny vehicle to
  ATL for a time period not to exceed  ~f _ aays unless otherwise agreed to.
  I understand  I  am  at liberty to demand  tne return of  ay  vehicle  at  any time
  and  that  ATL  is obligated  to honor such and  return ay  vehicle within  a
  reasonable period  of time regardless of  the status of testing.   If  in t.-.a
  opinion of  ATL  my  vehicle is  unfit  for  tasting,  I waive  consideration  as
  specified above.
  Agreed to this date, -^/^y/?***^	, by
                        — t — • i  —

                         	and.
                                          r    -

                                          .:^w^
            f.  Gangly,  President           ^^    Vehic

 //'  ^
/"Drivers lie. i>  lIQ/Q1^^   State  Ot-f-rQ
                                                              PROJECT

-------
I
                                                       Appendix C
                                        Testing of  High Mileage 1980 Passenger Cars
                                       Results of  FTP and Highway Fuel Econony Teats

                                         FTP
HFET

VtH
122
U2
133
130
138
IJ9
100
101
102
144
146
14 '
|48
150
lt.1
Ib2
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
70
n
72
73
/4
'5
76
n
/a
179
180
181
182

184
IMS
1H6
187
iaa
189
190
191
192

MAKE
PLVM
CHEV
CHEV
DATS
BUIC
OATS
CHEV
OLOS
AUDI
PONT
OLOS
CMEV
TOYO
CHEV
BUIC
CHEV
BUIC
HONO
CADI
FORO
TOVO
CHEV
FORO
OLOS
OATS
CHEV
HONO
PONT
BUIC
OLOS
CHEV
OATS
HONO
HONO
CHEV
MAZO
TOYO
MONO
OOOG
OLOS
CHEV
CHEV
CHEV
PONT
CHEV
CHEV
CHRV
PLVM
PONT
CHEV
PLYM
PONT
OOOG
TOYO
OATS
HONO

MOL
MORI
CITA
IMPA
210
CENT
310
HONT
CUTL
0000
GRAN
CUTL
HONT
CORO
CITA
SKYL
CITA
REGA
ACCO
DEVI
LTD
CELI
MONZ
MUST
CUTL
210
CITA
ACCO
PHOE
RIVI
CUTL
CHEV
210
ACCO
CIVI
MONZ
GLC
CORO
ACCO
MIRA
98
CITA
MALI
CHEV
LEMA
MALI
MONZ
LEBA
VOL A
PMOE
CITA
VOL A
PHOE
CHAL
CORO
310
ACCO

C1U
105
151
305
75
265
85
229
231
97
231
260
229
108
151
151
151
301
107
368
351
134
151
140
260
91
151
107
173
350
231
98
91
107
ai
151
86
89
107
225
350
173
229
98
229
229
151
225
225
151
151
225
151
156
89
85
107

MILE
75822
74668
76091
84155
77082
87077
90967
76257
103865
84959
79842
81262
86969
86196
80240
80697
89334
103863
80937
86640
76466
80753
91883
135416
83300
79002
83058
84811
96128
99164
78015
81130
96839
86223
76342
79902
79978
8229Q
81061
104046
88770
78227
79720
79061
78563
105645
105624
96005
92899
107764
85306
76438
75860
99725
83835
77640

HC
.76
.51
.44
.88
.86
.94
.39
.74
1.05
.47
.76
.41
.61
.26
.39
.34
.54
.73
.99
8.17
.37
.74
.59
.38
.53
3.39
.42
.73
1.03
.88
.46
.37
.69
.27
2.U
1.82
.45
.47
1.48
i78
.54
.38
.31
.70
1.99
.57
.79
1.07
3.56
.74
1.03
.42
4.54
2.65
.66
.46

CO
20.22
2.99
4.10
12.33
10.69 '
13.15 .
3.72
6.72 '
11.28
7.49 t
2.46
8.14
8.90
2.22
2.73
4.88
5.32
6.81
8.01
33.67
4.81
5.43
5.20
2.98
13.85
8.18
5.98 i
17.18
8.22 ;
8.92
9.80
4.97 i
7.22 J
2.78
4.08
28.12
2.95
3.92 ]
11.57 :
3.79 C
14.86
3.28
6.35
7.73 «
10.40 i
3.95 5
10.34 ]
10.55 3
9.71 I
11.13 ]
11.81 1
4.32 1
61.20 2
23.62 1
4.61 1
9.27 2

NOX f-£-
.97 25.19
1.96 25.62
J.74 16.53
1.10 28.12
i>.lt) 16.50
2.05 24.66
1.43 18.41
>.24 17.54
1.73 24.44
•.89 17.13
.84 17.79
.42 18.70
.17 23.50
.02 20.95
.33 21.25
.58 22.70
.68 15.28
.89 23.92
.59 13.79
.89 13.69
.47 19.91
.60 22.79
.39 21.23
.39 14.54
.93 27.66
.69 22.23
!.42 23.53
.50 17.86
?,29 15.90
.23 17.67
.99 23.63
>.2B 29.40
>.83 23.86
.05 25.25
.92 22.02
.58 30.65
.01 28.51
.78 .25 .-66
1.33 15.62
1.08 1$.8S
.73 16.53
.91 18.59
.96 20.78
.36 17.34
'.75 18.66
..65 21.29
.43 16.10
.09 16.23
.99 25.16
>.56 21.69
.09 15.89
.24 21.40
.27 18.55
.53 27.96
.00 27.77
.02 20.40

GUIDE
23
24
17
31
17
31
19
20
22
20
19
19
27
22
24
22
17
25
15
16
21
22
23
17
28
24
25
20
IS
20
25
28
25
28
22
30
31
25
17
15
20
19
26
19
19
22
17
16
24
22
16
24
21
31
31
25

HC
.21
.09
.11
.09
.17
.07
.07
.24
.13
.11
.28
.09
.16
.02
.08
.05
.09
.02
.18
.37
.03
.11
.17
.12
.59
.05
.02
.16
.27
.27
.06
.08
.03
.01
.38
.82
.09
.02
.24
.38
.14
.06
.06
.09
.11
.10
.12
.14
.67
.09
.11
.05
1.08
1.04
.08
.05

CO
7.2
.0
.0
.6
1.0
.7
.1
.5
.5
.5
.1
1.4
1.2
.3
.2
.2
.0
.8
.0
.2
.7
.4
.7
.4
29.1
.2
1.2
4.9
.6
1.2
2.9
.1
1.3
.4
.3
13.1
.1
.8
.2
1.0
6.5
.1
1.3
.3
.6
.1
.8
.7
1.1
.0
.3
.1
16.0
7.1
.0
2.0

NOX
1.16
2.06
4.73
1.52
5.82
2.96
1.42
6.81
2.96
5.54
1.98
1.42
1.51
.94
3.51
2.23
2.52
2.68
5.96
3.06
2.33
1.68
2.34
2.24
2.27
.65
3.52
1.43
2.08
1.34
.70
2.88
4.10
1.35
2.10
.69
1.48
2.52
3.02
3.30
.62
1.78
1.28
4.61
2.87
6.37
.60
1.69
2.24
0.05
1.59
1.45
0.29
1.67
1.30
3.80

F.E.
35.27
39.69
26.08
38.96
23.40
34.55
23.83
24.03
34.13
23.00
24.65
25.39
34.64
29.67
36.99
34.84
21.71
35.07
20.07
25.99
30.59
34.95
34.99
20.84
31.25
38.82
34.27
29.35
22.10
24.87
28.53
35.29
33.69
36.71
37.28
46.25
41.80
38.21
23.47
22.42
23.57
24.76
33.35
21.91
27.03
34.42
23.28
22.21
42.09
34.53
22.92
37.22
30.92
00.35
00.19
38.16

GUIDE
33
38
25
01
26
01
26
27
30
27
25
26
01
35
38
35
25
35
23
23
32
35
38
23
30
38
35
30
22
27
30
30
35
39
35
42
43
35
25
22
30
26
36
26
26
35
25
23
37
35
23
37
32
43
01
35
Idle
HC
.9
•-•'Sjtl
47
391
38
38
J8
19
285
3H
U2
19
19
19
19^!
IP' .
38 •
_• i.
1?
75
38
5
9
19
3fl
37
56
9
19
122
19
75
19
150
37
3/
141
56
28
9
56
9
37
9
28
19
19
19
9
207
19
37
37
47
159
9
56
Test
CO
.00
.02
.00
4.94
.01
.09
.01
.01
.37
.01
.00
.01
.02
.00
.01
.01
.01
.20
.00
.00
.00
.00
.01
.00
.01
.01
.18
.00
.00
.00
.00
.01
.59
.24
.01
1 .90
2. 12
.29
.00
.00
.00
.00
.01
.00
.00
.01
.02
.01
.06
.00
.00
.00
2.54
1.97
.00
.59
                                                                                                                                                   00

-------
                                                                Appendix C
                                                Tenting of  High Mileage 1VHU Paaaenger  Cara
                                               Keaulltt of  FTP and lllgliway  Kuei Econoay  Teata
                                                 FTP
                                                                                                                    IIFET

;tM MAKE
|93 MAZO
|V-, OLDS
|95 AUDI
|9b CHRr
1*7 BUIC
|9d TOYO
199 OATS
ZOO MONO
201 OLOS
202 OATS
203 FORD
20<. OLDS
?0t> 0000
.?U6 BUIC
660
72503
73<>07
b01b2
61160
737b7
73115
752BO
71157

MC
2.t7
.66
1.67
1.50
.7S
. <.t>
1 .06
.32
.-0
.6J
6.2t>
1.92
1 .OU
,7i>
l.Ub
2.U1
.39
.OJ
.62
.77
.7J
.3^
.67
2.7o
1.12
.56
.63
.56

CO
26.52
7.12 5
26.15
15.60
6.71
8. 8*
12.09
<..66
<«.y*
12.2e
16.<«0
16.71
d.9b
6.6-. i
27-. 7^
75 . 6 i
2.60 :
b.o<«
<«. lo
5.06 «
9.6",
3.76
7.60
39. Ot i
16.26
6.65 3
11.01 i
o.2U 1

NOA F.E.
.77 21. 6«.
>.70 18.6<.
.93 20.59
.09 Ib.'.O
.3<. It. 13
.70 17.60
.On 20.09
.57 23.13
.91 16.07
.*£ 26.36
.69 It. 50
.26 17.07
.61 19. 6t
).9t Id. 21
.7t 22.16
.61 It. 57
).57 17. bJ
.tt 16.62
.!•. 31. t2
.65 17.67
.05 25.97
.66 15.23
.66 17.03
'.06 21.93
.93 15.32
.76 16.10
.91 19.76
.33 17.52

GUIDE
2*.
20
22
17
15
21
31
25
17
26
17
IV
23
20
2t
19
16
17
31
20
2t
17
17
20
19
19
17
16

MC
.6V
.25
.bb
.21
.17
.On
.11
.02
.09
.10
.96
.03
.15
.21
.bO
.6t
.13
.13
.10
.23
.17
.07
.09
1.61
.te
.07
.10
.09

CO
20.2
.7
9.6
.6
.6
1.2
1.0
.5
.1
.6
1.2
2.6
1.0
1.2
16.9
57. b
.1
.1
.2
.5
3.6
.1
.1
22.6
2.7
.1
.2
.9

NOX
1.09
5.91
2. It
.96
I.t7
2. tO
1.55
2.23
2.06
2.71
1.73
1.66
.7t
t>.o3
.91
.26
3.73
.9t
1.25
6.H6
I. I*
1.70
1.9t
2.2t
1.66
3.93
1.26
1.06

F.e.
31.<>5
25.00
31. Ob
20.26
20.85
27.96
tO. 75
3t.27
22.50
3t.62
19.lt
2t.38
29.56
26.07
30.73
20.55
27.07
21. HO
t5.11
2t.31
37.59
22.55
25.35
26.00
21.62
26.10
2t.65
25.07

GUIDE
33
27
Jt
25
22
32
tJ
35
2t
35
23
25
33
27
33
26
25
25
t3
27
36
25
25
27
25
26
25
26
Idl
-V* MC
14
37
1*1
26
19
0
2ot
37
19
207
3tO
l,*9
.'•9
.'-#»
37
,•' ' 9
19
26
ot
38
65
9
9
35<.
28
19
19
28
e Teat
CD
.0-.
.01
t.V6
.00
.01
.0^
2.3'
.Jo
.01
t ,6 i«Mi.s  .11^-  in
shown  in |t|>ut  lor 1IC anil  in '/.  loi
                                          |K-r  mile wlillt* t'uel i.'1'ununiy
In oil lea  pur gallon.   Kesullu  I com the  Idle lest  are
                                                                                                                                                                  fvJ
                                                                                                                                                                  vO

-------
                  Result* of the Lead Tests and Underaood Inspection                30







VEM        P8.F   PB  INOT FUEL CHKE  IGNT  EGR AIRP  PCV  EXHS EVAP HISC  TKAY
122
132
133
134
138
139
140
141
142
144
146
147
148
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
15$
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
17E
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
1*2
.Ol9 PASS FAIL FAILVifIL PASS PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS
.002 PASS PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL
.009 PASS FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS
.015 PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS
.028 PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS
.009 PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.002 PASS FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL
.004 PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS
.006 PASS FAIL FAIL NA PASS PASS MA PASS PASS PASS FAIL
.001 PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL
.009 FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS
.002 PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS
.002 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS
.002 PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.002 PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS
.007 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL
.007 PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.001 PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL NA NA PASS PASS PASS PASS
.001 PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS
.002 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.001 PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.001 PASS FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.001 PASS PASS FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.001 PASS PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS
.011 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL
.007 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAN. PASS PASS PASS
.004 PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL NA NA PASS PASS PASS PASS
.003 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS
.001 PASS FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS: PASS FAIL PASS
.004 PASS FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.001 PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASSIPASS PASS
.008 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS
.001 PASS FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL NA NA PASS PASS FAIL PASS
.002 PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS NA NA PASS PASS PASS PASS
.001 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS
.001 PASS PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.002 PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS
.008 PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS NA NA PASS PASS PASS PASS
.004 PASS PASS FAR PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS
.002 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.039 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS
.016 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.011 PASS FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS
.002 PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL
.009 PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS
.008 PASS FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.006 PASS PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.006 PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL
.002 FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.001 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS
.004 PASS PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.011 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS FAIL
.020 PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS
.013 PASS PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS
.014 FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL
.011 PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL NA NA PASS PASS FAIL PASS
NA
MA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
PASS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
PASS
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA

-------
   RAftUlt* Of COA
                                  T««o tad aad«rt»od In«p«ecioa
                                                                                   31
VEH
PB.F    P9-  INQT FUEL CHKE  IGNT  EGR AIRP   PCV EXHS EVAP- MISC T*AY
193
194-
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
20*
205
206
209
211
212
213
21^
215
216
217
21$
219
220
221
222
223
^ .023 PASS PASS FAH. PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS
.006 PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS NA
.011 PASS PASS FAIL NA PASS PASS NA PASS FAIL PASS FAIL NA
.009 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL NA
.025 PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL NA
.003 PASS PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS NA
.011 PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS NA
.001 PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS NA NA PASS PASS PASS PASS NA
.001 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS NA
.007 PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS NA
.010 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS NA
.001 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS NA
.010 PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS NA
.007 PASS FAIL PASS PASS FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS NA
.003 PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS
.009 PASS FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS NA
.007 PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS- FAIL PASS FAIL PASS FAIL
.012 PASS FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS NA
.011 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS NA
.018 PASS PASS PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS NA
.011 PASS PASS PASS NA PASS PASS NA PASS PASS PASS PASS NA
.003 PASS PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS NA
.018 PASS FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL. PASS PASS FAIL PASS NA
.013 PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS PASS NA
.001 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS NA
.001 PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS PASS FAIL PASS FAIL PASS NA
,011 PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS NA
.001 PASS PASS FAIL FAIL FAIL PASS PASS FAIL PASS PASS PASS NA
     Legend:

     PBF
     PB
     EIDT
     FUEL
     CHKE
     IGNT
     EGR
     AISP
     PCV
     ZXHS
     EVAP
     MISC
     TWAY
  Lead  concent  of as-received fuel (gm/gal)
  Results  of  Plumbcesmo  test
  Induction system  (heated air door & temperature sensors)
  Fuel  subsystem  (carburetor, idle mixture, idle speed)
  Choke subsystem (choke adjustment and components, fast idle speed)
  Ignition system (distributor ass'y, initial timing,  spark plugs)
  EGR system  (EGR valve  ass'y, initial timing, spark plugs)
  Air injection system (air injection ass'y) valves, drive belt)
  PVC system  (PCV value, filter, hoses)
  Exhaust  system  (manifold, tailpipe, muffler, catalyst)
  Evaporative control system (canister, filter, hoses)
  Engine Assembly (engine, cooling system, belt tension)
  3-way system  (electronic control unit, 02 sensor, other components
  associated  with the 3-way catalyst system)

-------