United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Air Quality
Plowing and Standards
Receaich Triangle Park. NC 27711
EPA-450/4-92-007
Much 1992
Air
&EPA
EXAMPLE DOCUMENTATION
REPORT FOR 1990 BASE YEAR
OZONE AND CARBON MONOXIDE
STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
EMISSION INVENTORIES
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EPA-450/4-92-007
EXAMPLE DOCUMENTATION
REPORT FOR 1990 BASE YEAR
OZONE AND CARBON MONOXIDE
STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
EMISSION INVENTORIES
By
Radian Corporation
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
EPA Project Officer William B. Kuykendal
Office Of Air Quality Planning And Standards
Office Of Air And Radiation
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
March 1992
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This report has been reviewed by the Office Of Air Quality Planning And Standards, U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency, and has been approved for publication. Any mention of trade names or commercial
products is not intended to constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
EPA^50/4-92-007
u
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
DISCLAIMER ii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY iii
LIST OF TABLES viii
LIST OF FIGURES xii
1 INTRODUCTION .1-1
1.1 DOCUMENT PURPOSE AND ORGANIZATION 1-1
2 ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF INVENTORY DOCUMENTATION 2-1
2.1 COVER PAGE 2-1
2.2 PAGE NUMBERS 2-3
2.3 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2-3
2.4 ACCOMPANYING MATERIALS 2-3
2.5 INTEGRATING DATA FROM MULTIPLE GROUPS 2-7
2.6 DOCUMENT SECTIONS 2-8
3 BACKGROUND AND EMISSIONS SUMMARY 3-1
3.1 BACKGROUND 3-1
3.2 EMISSIONS SUMMARY 3-6
, 3.3 DOCUMENT ORGANIZATION 3-13
4 STATIONARY POINT SOURCES 4-1
4.1 INTRODUCTION 4-1
4.2 COMPILING THE POINT SOURCE LIST 4-2
4.3 DOCUMENTING THE EMISSION ESTIMATION PROCEDURES 4-4
4.4 EMISSIONS SUMMARY TABLES 4-10
4.5 AIRS/AFS POINT SOURCE SUBMITTAL 4-10
4.6 REQUIRED INFORMATION FOR POINT SOURCES 4-13
5 STATIONARY AREA SOURCES 5-1
5.1 INTRODUCTION 5-2
5.2 EMISSIONS SUMMARY 5-3
5.3 EMISSIONS FROM GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION LOSSES 5-3
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Section Page
5.4 EMISSIONS FROM DRY CLEANING OPERATIONS 5-13
5.5 EMISSIONS FROM GRAPHIC ARTS FACILITIES 5-14
5.6 EMISSIONS FROM CUTBACK ASPHALT USE 5-16
5.7 APPLICATION OF PESTICIDES 5-21
5.8 EMISSIONS FROM COMMERCIAL/CONSUMER SOLVENT USE .... 5-23
5.9 ORCHARD HEATERS 5-24
5.10 WOODSTOVES AND FIREPLACES 5-25
6 NON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES 6-1
6.1 INTRODUCTION 6-2
6.2 AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT EMISSIONS 6-2
6.3 LOCOMOTIVE EMISSIONS 6-11
7 ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES 7-1
7.1 INTRODUCTION 7-1
7.2 VMT ESTIMATION PROCEDURE 7-3
7.3 EMISSION FACTOR ESTIMATION PROCEDURE 7-8
7.4 SUMMARY OP-EMISSIONS FROM ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES . . . 7-18
7.5 REFERENCES 7-18
7.6 APPENDICES 7-18
8 BIOGENIC SOURCES 8-1
8.1 MODEL INPUTS 8-1
8.1.1 Location Data 8-1
8.1.2 Ozone Data 8-2
8.1.3 Meteorological Data 8-3
8.1.4 Special Cases 8-3
8.2 MODEL OUTPUT 8-8
9 QUALITY ASSURANCE IMPLEMENTATION 9-1
9.1 INTRODUCTION 9-2
9.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE QUALITY/CONTROL (QA/QC)
POLICY STATEMENT 9-3
9.3 STAFF RESPONSIBILITIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES ... 9-5
9.4 TASK PLANNING 9-5
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In November 1990, the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA) were passed by
Congress and signed into law by the President. Title I of the CAAA contains provisions on the
required development of emission inventories for designated areas that: failed to meet the National
Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ozone and carbon monoxide (CO). These
inventories are to be prepared as a part of a State's revisions to its State Implementation Plan
(SIP) to formulate a strategy to attain NAAQS.
The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has developed and published several
guidance documents delineating how the 1990 base year emission inventories specified in Title I
are to be prepared. Implementation guidance has been prepared detailing minimum inventory
requirements and specific procedures to be followed during inventory preparation. The chief
procedural guidance document is Procedures for the Preparation of Emission Inventories for
Carbon Monoxide and Precursors of Ozone. Volume I: General Guidance for Stationary Sources
(EPA-450/4-91-016), which is. known simply as the Procedures Document. Minimum inventory
requirements for ozone and CO-nonattainment areas are described in Emission Inventory
Requirements for Ozone State Implementation Plans (EPA-450/4-91-010) and Emission Inventory
Requirements for Carbon Monoxide State Implementation Plans (EPA-450/4-91-011), known
collectively as the Requirements Documents.
This report is meant to enhance and supplement the Procedures and Requirements
Documents. It is not, however, intended as an additional Procedures or Requirements Document.
The audience for this report is any State or local air pollution control agency responsible for
compiling a 1990 base year SIP inventory for ozone and/or CO.
The primary intent of this report is to provide States with instructional guidance on how
to present and document data for an inventory. Illustrative examples for each of the principal
constituents of an ozone and CO emission inventory are presented, along with guidance on
content and format. The guidance is purposefully brief and is directed to highlight the generic
issues surrounding the documentation of an emission inventory, although enough detail is
jes/sip 111
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provided to ensure compliance with published EPA requirements and to facilitate timely and
effective EPA review and evaluation. The goal of this report is not to address all soutcfe
category types or potential emission situations.
The overall report is structured along the lines of the documentation outline given in the
ozone and CO Requirements Documents. The principal components of development and
documentation for 1990 base year inventories addressed in this report include stationary point
sources, stationary area sources, non-road mobile sources, on-road mobile sources, biogenic
emission sources, quality assurance implementation, emissions summaries, and basic reporting
requirements. Each section in this report is a discrete discussion focusing on one of these
principal components. As such, the discussions within a section are independent from the
discussions in other sections and are not intended to necessarily be consistent. For example,
source or county names may not match, emissions or activity data may not match, etc.
Each section of this report contains a group of examples that represents a subset of the
overall category. For instance, there are over 20 stationary area source categories, but examples
are only provided for eight categories. These eight examples address the general range of issues
pertinent to documenting area source category emissions for 1990 SIP inventories. Instructional
guidance is provided for these eight illustrative categories, as well as for the minimum and
essential needs (e.g., list of all categories addressed, list of those not addressed and why,
summary emissions by category by county, etc.) for stationary area sources in general. The
examples given in each section are fictitious and serve only illustrative purposes. This document
should not be used as a reference for emission factors, activity levels, or emission estimation
methodologies.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Section Page
9.5 DATA COLLECTION AND HANDLING PROCEDURES 9-16
9.6 DATA ANALYSIS 9-20
9.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL AUDITS 9-52
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A — Sample AIRS Facility Subsystem (AFS) Reports A-l
APPENDIX B — Sample AIRS Area and Mobile Source (AMS)-PC Reports B-l
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
2-1 EXAMPLE COVER PAGE 2-2
2-2 EXAMPLE OF A TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR 1990 2-4
2-3 EXAMPLE OF A LIST OF TABLES FOR 1990 SIP INVENTORY
EMISSIONS DOCUMENTATION 2-5
2-4 EXAMPLE OF A LIST OF FIGURES. FOR 1990 SIP
INVENTORY DOCUMENTATION . .- 2-6
3-1 LIST OF CONTACT PERSONS FOR THE OZONEVILLE 1990
BASE YEAR OZONE INVENTORY 3-5
3-2 SUMMARY OF 1990 DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION FOR THE
OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA 3-7
3-3 ANNUAL VOC, NOX, AND CO EMISSIONS BY COUNTY
IN THE OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA - 1990 BASE YEAR 3-12
3-4 DISTRIBUTION OF QZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA EMISSIONS
BY SOURCE TYPE - 1990 BASE YEAR 3-15
3-5 SUMMARY OF VOC EMISSIONS IN OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA
BY COUNTY AND SOURCE TYPE - 1990 BASE YEAR 3-17
4-1 FINAL POINT SOURCE LIST - OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA .... 4-4
4-2 TOTAL ANNUAL VOC, NOV AND CO EMISSIONS FROM POINT
SOURCES FOR COUNTIES IN THE OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT
AREA - 1990 BASE YEAR 4-11
4-3 SUMMARY LISTING OF VOC SOURCES INCLUDED IN
THE OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA INVENTORY 4-11
4-4 SUMMARY OF OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENTA AREA POINT SOURCE
VOC EMISSIONS BY MAJOR SOURCE CATEGORIES 4-12
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table Page
4-5 SUMMARY OF NOX AND CO POINT SOURCES INCLUDED
IN THE OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA INVENTORY 4-12
4-6 DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING 4-14
5-1 SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM AREA SOURCES FOR THE
OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA 5-4
5-2 AREA SOURCE EMISSIONS SUMMARY FOR COUNTY A 5-7
6-1 AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT COUNTS FOR STATE FGH IN 1987 6-4
6-2 CULTIVATED ACRES IN STATE FGH 6-5
6-3 STATE FGH FUEL USE IN 1987 6-6
6-4 EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT 6-12
6-5 SCHEDULES 750 AND 755 FROM R-l REPORT FOR COMPANY A, 1990 ... 6-15
7-1 DISTRIBUTION OF ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCE EMISSIONS
BY COUNTY: 1990 OZONE SEASON ESTIMATES 7-2
7-2 DISTRIBUTION OF ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCE EMISSIONS
,BY COUNTY: 1990 ANNUAL ESTIMATES 7-2
7-3 UTPS VMT SUMMARY DATA 7-7
7-4 DAILY VMT FOR LIGHT-DUTY GASOLINE VEHICLES IN
NONATTAINMENT COUNTIES 7-9
7-5 MOBILE4.1 CONTROL FLAG SETTINGS 7-11
7-6 SUMMARY OF I/M PROGRAM DESCRIPTIVE INPUT RECORD 7-12
7-7 SUMMARY OF THE LOCAL AREA PARAMETER RECORD 7-13
7-8 SUMMARY OF THE SCENARIO RECORDS 7-13
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table Page
7-9 VMT, SPEED, AND MOBILE4.1 EMISSION FACTORS WITH
CALCULATED EMISSIONS FOR LIGHT-DUTY GASOLINE VEHICLES 7-16
7-10 REFUELING LOSS EMISSION FACTORS AND CALCULATED
EMISSIONS FOR LIGHT-DUTY GASOLINE VEHICLES 7-17
7-11 DAILY ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCE NOx EMISSIONS BY
ROAD TYPE AND VEHICLE TYPE 7-19
7-12 EXAMPLE MOBILE4.1 INPUT FILE 7-21
7-13 EXAMPLE MOBILE4.1 OUTPUT FILE 7-22
7-14 DAILY MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURES FOR
OZONE EXCEEDANCE DAYS 7-23
8-1 TYPICAL OPERATING DAY FOR PCBEIS 8-2
8-2 NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR
BUFFALO, NY 8-4
8-3 UNIT CONVERSIONS FOR METEOROLOGICAL DATA 8-6
8-4 PARTIAL COUNTY ESTIMATE BY RESULTS MODIFICATION 8-7
8-5 REVISIONS TO LAND USE FILE FOR PARTIAL COUNTY ESTIMATES 8-8
8-6 EMISSION RATES CORRECTED FOR MET INPUTS 8-9
9-1 SCHEDULE FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL
PROCEDURES 9-11
9-2 EXAMPLE POINT SOURCE DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE
REFERENCE AND SUMMARY SHEET 9-24
9-3 ADDITIONAL POINT SOURCE INVENTORY COMPLETENESS CHECKS . . . 9-34
9-4 EXAMPLE POINT SOURCE DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE
DOCUMENTATION FORM 9-40
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table
9-5 EXAMPLE POINT SOURCE CALCULATION SHEET 9-47
9-6 EXAMPLE POINT SOURCE QUALITY ASSURANCE SHEET 9-48
9-7 EXAMPLE AREA SOURCE CATEGORY DOCUMENTATION AND
QUALITY ASSURANCE WORKSHEET 9-49
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
3-1 Map of the Inventory Planning Area for the Ozoneville
Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory - 1990 Base Year 3-4
3-2 Summary of Annual Ozoneville Nonattainment Area Ozone Precursor
Emissions - 1990 Base Year 3-9
3-3 Summary of Ozoneville Nonattainment Area Ozone Season Daily Emissions -
1990 Base Year 3-10
3-4 Distribution of Annual Emissions by County for the
Ozoneville Nonattainment Area - 1990 Base Year 3-14
3-5 Distribution of Daily Emissions by Source Type for the
Ozoneville Nonattainment Area - 1990 Base Year 3-16
9-1 Organization Chart of Ozoneville DER Quality Assurance/
Quality Control Staff 9-6
9-2 Volatile Organic Compound Questionnaire 9-18
•• * •
9-3 Sample Computer File Index Form 9-21
xn
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SECTION 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 DOCUMENT PURPOSE AND ORGANIZATION
The primary intent of this guidance document is to provide State and local air pollution
control agencies with a guide for presenting and documenting their 1990 base year ozone and
carbon monoxide (CO) State Implementation Plan (SIP) emission inventories. The document
contains illustrative examples of how agencies should present and verify their emission inventory
development efforts in order to demonstrate adherence to published U. S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA) requirements and specifications. Presenting inventory information in
the suggested form will also result in a more timely and effective review, evaluation, and
approval of the data by EPA.
The guidance information presented in this report is designed to enhance and supplement
previously issued EPA guidance that addressed inventory documentation needs either directly or
•• «•
indirectly. The documents, Procedures for the Preparation of Emission Inventories for Carbon
Monoxide and Precursors of Ozone. Volume I: General Guidance for Stationary Sources
(EPA-450/4-91-016), known as the Procedures Document, and Emission Inventory Requirements
for Ozone State Implementation Plans (EPA-450/4-91-010) and Emission Inventory Requirements
for Carbon Monoxide State Implementation Plans (EPA-450/4-91-011), known collectively as the
Requirements Documents, provide indirect guidance on how to document emission inventory
estimates. The EPA report Example Emission Inventory Documentation for Post-1987 Ozone
State Implementation Plans (SIPs) (EPA-450/4-89-018) directly addresses inventory
documentation needs, but not for 1990 inventories. However, much of the general
documentation guidance given for post-1987 inventories is still applicable for 1990 and is further
embellished by the examples for 1990 shown in this guidance document.
The guidance for 1990 inventories consists of focused instructional material supported by
illustrative examples for each of the principal constituents of an ozone or CO emission inventory.
jes/sip 1-1
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The guidance is directed to the generic issues surrounding inventory documentation and not to
category- or site-specific details. The examples show the fundamental basis of what EPA is
looking for in terms of documentation. For this reason, not every conceivable scenario in the
inventory documentation process is addressed in this report.
This report comprises eight sections. Section 1.0 contains a summary of the report's
structure and overall purposes. Section 2.0 discusses essential elements of inventory presentation
that must be followed in order to generate a re viewable inventory product. Sections 3.0
through 8.0 address the primary components of a 1990 base year inventory as set forth in the
Requirements Documents. Each section is a discrete discussion that is not necessarily intended to
be consistent with the others (e.g., source or county names may not match, emissions or activity
data may not match, etc.).
Within each section, instructional guidance is provided that reinforces which information
is needed to ensure adequate documentation. The examples tangibly illustrate the instructions and
provide templates for implementing the instructions. It should be noted that the text and numbers
in the examples do not. necessarily represent real data. Most of the emissions and activity level
data are fictitions and should not necessarily be considered representative of a given source or
source category.
All of the examples appear in bolded italics to distinguish them from the instructions and
information presented as part of this guidance document. In cases where the example is a figure
or a table, the title appears in bolded itattcs. States are not bound to use the exact same tabular
or graphical formats suggested here, but something that approximates the content of the example
should be used.
•
Under no circumstances should this document be used as a reference for emission factors,
activity levels, or emission estimation methodologies.
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SECTION 2
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF INVENTORY DOCUMENTATION
From EPA's experience with the Post-1987 ozone/CO emission inventories that were
submitted for review, it became evident that there was a need to define and clarify essential
elements associated with documenting an inventory in written report form. Although several of
these elements may seem trivial, they constituted significant problems in trying to conduct quality
reviews of the Post-1987 inventories. These elements and the proper procedure for handling
them are discussed in the following paragraphs.
2.1 COVER PAGE
Each inventory documentation report should contain a cover page that clearly delineates
the following items:
• Type of inventory being submitted (ozone or CO), including pollutants addressed;
• Geographic area covered or addressed;
• Status of inventory (draft or final);
• Report date;
• Report preparer (if different from responsible agency - e.g., a consultant or
university); and
• Responsible agency submitting inventory.
This information is particularly helpful in cases where only partial data are being submitted,
e.g., only VOC emission estimates, only point source data, only mobile source NOX estimates,
etc. This information is also needed if multiple agencies are submitting different parts of the
inventory. For example, County A may have an autonomous agency that prepared and submitted
its own point source data, while the State agency is doing all the other source types. An example
cover page is shown in Table 2-1.
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TABLE 2-1. EXAMPLE COVER PAGE
1990 BASE YEAR OZONE EMISSION INVENTORY
FOR VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOC) EMISSIONS
for
Ozoneville, North Carolina, Nonattainment Area
DRAFT SUBMITTAL
April 1992
Prepared by:
Ozoneville Air Pollution Control Agency
123 Maple Street
Ozoneville, North Carolina 01234
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2.2 PAGE NUMBERS
It is essential for organization and subsequent evaluation that all inventory reports be
systematically page numbered. Many of the Post-1987 inventory submittals were deficient in this
area. Correct page numbering is also required in order to produce a valid Table of Contents.
One method for numbering pages is to begin each section of the report with page number 1
preceded by the section number, as shown in Table 2-2.
2.3 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Almost all of the submitted inventory documents failed to include any kind of table of
contents or other organizational index, which made it difficult to locate information within the
reports. All inventories should include a logically organized table of contents that covers the
main text and the appendices. A complete list of tables and list of figures/graphs should also be
included. Ideally, the document should be organized by an easy-to-follow numerical system
consisting of ordered headings. Table 2-2 shows an example Table of Contents and numerical
heading system. Tables 2-3 and 2-4 show standard presentations for lists of tables and figures,
respectively. Accompanying material (see below) should be identified and listed at the end of the
Table of Contents.
2.4 ACCOMPANYING MATERIALS
It is recommended that agencies provide accompanying supportive data, such as computer
printouts or PC disks, separately from the report. It is crucial, however, that any such material
be clearly labeled as to what it is, where it applies in the inventory document, and how it was
used in the inventory development process. If the material is not defined in the primary
document, the label should also provide the material's reference or source. An example of what
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TABLE 2-2. EXAMPLE OF A TABLE OF CONTENTS FOR 1990
SIP INVENTORY DOCUMENTATION
Section Page
Preface v
Executive Summary v
List of Tables xi
List of Figures xv
1.0 Background and Emissions Summary .• 1-1
1.1 Background 1-1
1.2 Emissions Summary 1-5
2.0 Point Sources 2-1
2.1 Introduction and Scope 2-1
2.2 Methodology and Approach •. 2-2
2.2.1 List of Potential VOC-, NOX-, and CO-emitting Source Categories . . 2-4
2.2.2 Identification of Plant/Facility Listings 2-4
2.3 Quality .Assurance Measures 2-5
2.4 Summary of Point Source Emissions 2-6
2.5 VOC Point Source Emissions 2-7
2.5.1 Storage, Transportation, and Marketing of VOC 2-15
2.5.2 Industrial Processes 2-15
2.5.3 Industrial Surface Coating 2-17
2.6 NOX and CO Point Source Emissions 2-22
2.7 References for Section 2 2-25
3.0 Area Sources 3-1
3.1 Introduction and Scope 3-1
3.2 Methodology and Approach 3-4
3.2.1 Source Category Identification 3-4
3.2.2 Emission Estimation Approach 3-4
3.3 Quality Assurance Measures 3-8
3.4 Summary of Area Source Emissions 3-8
3.5 Discussion of the Area Source Categories 3-11
3.5.1 Gasoline and Diesel Distribution 3-11
3.5.2 Stationary Source Solvent Evaporation 3-18
3.5.2.1 Dry Cleaning 3-19
3.5.2.2 Degreasing 3-21
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TABLE 2-3. EXAMPLE OF A LIST OF TABLES FOR 1990 SIP INVENTORY
EMISSIONS DOCUMENTATION
Table Page
2-10 Summary of Ozoneville Nonattainment Area Point Source NOX and
CO Emissions 2-24
3-1 Area Sources Included in the Ozoneville Nonattainment Area
Emissions Inventory 3-2
3-2 Summary of the Estimation Procedures for Area Sources 3-6
3-3 Summary of Emissions from Area Sources 3-9
3-4 Summary of Emissions from Gasoline Marketing 3-16
3-5 Summary of Emissions from Diesel Marketing 3-17
3-6 Summary of Emissions from Dry Cleaning Facilities 3-22
3-7 Summary of Emissions from Degreasing Operations 3-23
3-8 Summary of Emissions from Surface Coating 3-25
3-9 Summary of Emissions from Graphic Arts Facilities 3-28
3-10 Summary of Emissions from Cutback Asphalt Paving
Operations 3-29
3-11 Summary of VOC Emissions from Roofing Operations 3-32
3-12 Summary of NOX Emissions from Roofing Operations 3-33
3-13 Summary of CO Emissions from Roofing Operations 3-34
3-14 Summary of Emissions from Pesticide Application 3-36
3-15 Summary of Emissions from Commercial/Consumer Solvent Use 3-38
3-16 Summary of VOC Emissions from Waste Management Practices 3-40
jettu? 2-5
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TABLE 2-4. EXAMPLE OF A LIST OF FIGURES FOR 1990 SIP INVENTORY
DOCUMENTATION
Figure Page
1-1 Map of the Inventory Planning Area for the Ozoneville Nonattainment Area
Emissions Inventory 1-3
1-2 Summary of Ozoneville Nonattainment Area Ozone Season Day Emissions,
1987 Base Year 1-8
1-3 Distribution of 1987 Base Year Emissions by Point,
Area and Mobile Components 1-15
2-1 Ozoneville Nonattainment Area Point Source VOC Emissions by Category;
Total = 28.3 TPD 2-12
2-2 Distribution of Point Source VOC Emission by Control Status
and Category 2-13
2-3 Distribution of Point Source VOC Emissions by Emission Size
Category; Total 28.3 TPD 2-14
3-1 Ozoneville Nonattainment Area Area Source VOC Emissions by Category .... 3-12
3-2 Ozoneville Nonattainment Area Area Source CO Emissions by Category 3-13
3-3 Ozoneville Nonattainment Area Area Source NOX Emissions by Category .... 3-14
4-1 Overview of the Major Roads in the Ozoneville Nonattainment Area
Transportation Planning Area Network 4-5
2-6
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is minimally desired by EPA for labeling a computer printout that is submitted as accompanying
material to an inventory documentation report is shown below (as Attachment C).
ATTACHMENT C
1990 OZONEVILLE SIP OZONE INVENTORY
DOCUMENTATION REPORT
Ozoneville Air Pollution Control Agency
123 Maple Street
OzonevWe, NC 01234
This attachment is a computer printout of state employment data by SIC code for SICs 10-79.
The data were generated by the State Commerce Department from the 1990 Census of
Employment database. The data were used to determine county level employment by 4-digit
SIC code for use in area source emission estimation routines. Employment figures were
developed for dry cleaning, degreasing, auto body refinishing, architectural coating, and eight
industrial surface coating area source categories. The methods used to convert these raw
employment numbers into SIC category values on a county level are discussed in Section 3.2 of
the inventory documentation report. The results were in turn used for emission estimation in
Sections 3.3 - 3.6 and 3.9 • 3.16.
2.5 INTEGRATING DATA-FROM MULTIPLE GROUPS
One particularly troublesome problem during the preparation of Post-1987 emission
inventories involved the lack of coordination when different agencies developed different parts of
the inventory. It is recognized that within a given nonattainment area, there may exist two or
more agencies (State, county, or local) with jurisdiction over one or more counties/cities in the
nonattainment area. While county or local agencies may want to assemble all or parts of the
inventory for their jurisdictions, it is crucial that the central State air pollution control agency
with the principal responsibility and authority for the 1990 base year inventories coordinate and
integrate every contributing agency's inventory components into a coherently integrated inventory
documentation package presented in accordance with the guidelines contained in this document
and other pertinent EPA SIP inventory guidance documents. When multiple agencies are
involved in the inventory process, the role and bounds of each group's work must be clearly
defined.
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2.6 DOCUMENT SECTIONS
The information in the emissions inventory report should be organized into sections, each
of which addresses a specific topic. In general, an inventory report will contain some or all of
the following sections:
Section 1.0 BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY
Section 2.0 STATIONARY POINT SOURCES
Section 3.0 STATIONARY AREA SOURCES
Section 4.0 NON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
Section 5.0 ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
Section 6.0 BIOGENIC SOURCES
Section 7.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE IMPLEMENTATION
These section headings (but not the section numbers) correspond to sections in this guidance
document; therefore, the information to be included in each section of the inventory
documentation report can be easily determined.
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SECTION 3
BACKGROUND AND EMISSIONS SUMMARY
The Background and Emissions Summary section of a State's 1990 emission inventory
report should contain an overview discussion on how the inventory was prepared and a summary
of the emissions estimates that were developed. The Background section should answer the basic
who, what, how, and why questions associated with the inventory. Section 3.1 of this report
shows the topics to be covered in the background discussion and examples containing the level of
detail expected. Guidance for presenting the Emissions Summary is provided in Section 3.2.
The final item that should be provided in this section of the documentation report is a
description of how the report is organized. Section 3.3 provides a brief example paragraph that
illustrates the desired approach.
3.1 BACKGROUND
In the Background portion of the emission inventory documentation, the inventory
preparer or agency submitting the inventory should discuss the following essential topics.
• Type of inventory;
• Pollutants covered in the inventory;
• Sources addressed in the inventory;
• Geographic area covered in the inventory;
• State agency responsible for submitting the inventory;
• Agencies/groups that prepared the inventory;
• Contact people for the inventory and its components; and
• Basio underlying assumptions or issues associated with the inventory.
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Examples of the kinds of material that could be presented to discuss these topics are
shown below.
Type of Inventory. Pollutants, and Source Categories
This document presents the 1990 base year ozone SIP emission inventory for the
OzonevUle nonattainment area. The inventory addresses volatile organic compound (VOC),
oxides of nitrogen (NOJ, and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from stationary point,
stationary area, on-road mobile, and non-road mobile emission sources. Emissions of VOC
are also addressed for biogenic sources.
Geographic Area
The emissions inventory covers the OzonevUle nonattainment area, which was
designated as a serious nonattainment area for ozone by EPA in a November 6, 1991, Federal
Register notice (Vol. 56, NO. 215, 56694). The geographic area delineated by the OzonevUle
nonattainment area is-shown in the map in Figure 3-1. This inventoried area includes both the
designated nonattainment area and a 25-mile extension around the nonattainment area for
large point sources. In addition to the metropolitan area of OzonevUle, the nonattainment area
encompasses Counties A, B, C, and D. The 25-mile boundary surrounding the nonattainment
area encompasses portions of 12 additional counties. As can be imagined, a strict 25-mile
boundary does not coincide with county or other jurisdictional lines. For the purpose of
developing a clear definition of the inventory area boundary and to avoid unnecessary
judgement calls pertaining to the precise location of particular facilities in relation to the
nonattainment area borders, the inventory area boundary was conservatively defined to include
all portions of the 12 surrounding counties, as clearly illustrated in Figure 3-1.
If an area is required to perform air quality modeling for attainment demonstration
purposes, the necessary geographic description may be more comprehensive than that needed for
non-modeling areas. If modeling is required and the modeling domain area is larger than the
designated nonattainment area, the expanded inventory and modeling boundaries hypothetically
jes/sip 3-2
-------
shown in Figure 3-1 need to be specified. Individual counties in the modeling domain inventory
also need to be identified.
Agencies/Contacts Responsible for the Inventory
The agency with the direct responsibility for preparing and submitting the Ozoneville
nonattainment area 1990 base year ozone SIP inventory is the Ozoneville Regional Planning
Authority (ORPA). The ORPA was directly responsible for coordinating and supervising the
completion of each segment of the inventory. Several other State and local agencies
contributed information that was necessary for preparing emission estimates. The State
Department of Environmental Regulation (DER), the Ozoneville Department of Public Health
(ODPH), and various other State departments (e.g., Labor, Commerce, and Energy) provided
activity level data for use in the non-road area source inventory.
The point source inventory was prepared primarily from the results of a mail survey by
the DER. In selected, cases, the survey results were augmented with information obtained
through personal contacts by DER staff. The majority of the on-road mobile emissions
calculation information was provided by the Ozoneville Department of Transportation (ODOT).
The ODOT ran all necessary transportation planning models to develop vehicle miles traveled
(VMT) estimates and the MOB1LE4.1 model to determine vehicle emission J 'actors. The
contact persons for ORPA and the other major contributors to the inventory are listed in
Table 3-1. The exact mechanisms by which each of these groups supported the development of
the base year inventory are explained in detail in the appropriate source type documentation
section.
Basic Assumptions/Issues
This section should address those cases where underlying data, assumptions, or other
parameters are used in one or several parts of the emissions inventory. An example of this kind
of information is demographic statistics characterizing the four counties in the Ozoneville
3-3
-------
Boundary of
25-mile extension
Boundary of Counties
Included in Modeling
Domain Inventory*
DAM Modeling
Domain Boundary*
Ozorwvill* Non«ttainm«nt Araa
Ozorwvilte M«tropolHmn ATM
•Note: specify for area* required to perform air quality modeling for attainment
demonstration purposes
Figure 3-1. Map of the Inventory Planning Area for the Ozoneville
Nonattainment Area Emissions Inventory -1990 Base Year
3-4
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TABLE 3-1. LIST OF CONTACT PERSONS FOR THE OZONEVILLE 1990 BASE YEAR OZONE INVENTORY
'' -iiiiiil iiipSiP^
Ozoneville Regional Planning Authority
13 13 Oak Street
Ozoneville, USA 54321
State Department of Environmental Regulation
535 Ridge Road
Capital, USA S4321
Ozoneville Department of Public Health
720 West Avenue
Ozoneville, USA 54321
Ozoneville Department of Transportation
678 North Highway
Ozoneville, USA 54321
Responsibility r ^
Lead agency, overall inventory
coordination and supervision
> •
Point and area source emissions data
and area source activity levels
• •
Area source activity level and emission
factor data
VMT generation, MOBILE 4. 1 emission
factors, and all other highway vehicle
data
s
Contact/Telephone NiftHpj;
John Smith
(111) 123-4321
Jane Doe
(555) 111-2233
Dr. Bill Plant
(111)321-1234
Jim Summer
(111)987-6543
OJ
-------
nonattainment area, as shown in the example in Table 3-2. These data are crucial to several of
the area source category emission estimation procedures. The State may want to present and
document commonly used and cited data in the Background section and refer back to them as
needed rather than repeat the data multiple times throughout the inventory report. The original
references for any such data should also be presented.
The section would also encompass any unique aspects of the inventory that affected the
overall development of the inventory or any of its components. For example, if the inventory
area was experimenting with requiring reduced Reid vapor pressure fuels at 8.0 psi during 1990,
this would need to be discussed, as it would have had significant effects on the development of
the on-road mobile inventory. Another example might be the need to mention that three out the
area's five highest VOC emitting point sources were not included in the inventory because the
plants had been closed in 1990 because of recession-related problems.
3.2 EMISSIONS SUMMARY
In the Emissions Summary portion of the emission inventory documentation, States need
to provide the overall results of their inventory development efforts on a pollutant, source type,
and geographic basis. Emission estimates should be provided in terms of both annual and daily
seasonal (ozone or CO) emissions. Source categories such as biogenics or highway vehicles,
where annual emissions are not generally calculated, can be excluded.
The source type breakdown should address the five major classes of sources: stationary
point, stationary area, non-road mobile, on-road mobile, and biogenic. Some States may prefer
to include non-road mobile sources with stationary area sources or with on-road mobile sources
and simply call those categories area sources or mobile sources (respectively). This approach is
acceptable but not preferred. If this type of integration is done for the purpose of the Summary
discussion, it should be so defined.
Geographically, data should be presented on the basis of the overall designated
nonattainment area and on an individual county basis. If air quality modeling will be conducted
3-6
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—•
TABLE 3-2. SUMMARY OF 1990 DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION FOR THE OZONEVILLE
NONATTAINMENT AREA
Population
Land Area (sq. mi.)
Number of Households
Manufacturing Employment
Construction Employment
Wholesale Employment
Retail Employment
Commercial/Institutional Employment
Gasoline RVP
County A
\ Value
407,497
528
154,355
68,617
15,157
10,602
32,706
97,452
10.8
County B
Value
-205,259
364
: 79,868
27,341
3,856
2,575
11,096
37,967
10.8
County C
Value
368,314
342
133,932
36,185
7,905
4,178
22,663
66,263
10.8
County D
WHS
301,077
471
120,915
34,619
6,502
2,902
18,509
52,652
10.8
State
Value
6,412,000
N/A'
3,695,000
314,000
38,419
37,278
379,412
738,450
N/A
•fljjj
1
1
1,3
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
1,2
4
* N/A means the value of the indicated parameter was not used in the analysis and, therefore, is not applicable.
References:
1. Ozoneville Regional Planning Authority. Employment and Household Statistics and Projections - Ozoneville Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Ozoneville, USA. February 1990. pages 12-27.
2. U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census. County Business Patterns 1990 - North Carolina. Report No. CBP-90-345. 1991.
3. CENDATA. Online Information Utility of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. Dialog Information Systems. Professional Estimates of Household for
Counties. July 1, 1990 - North Carolina.
4. North Carolina Department of Energy. Annual Fuel Use Summary Report - 1990. Raleigh, North Carolina. April 1991. pages 9-10.
-------
for the nonattainment area to demonstrate how attainment will be achieved, and if the geographic
modeling domain is larger than the designated nonattainment area (this will be the case for ozone
nonattainment areas using the Urban Airshed Model), then emission summaries should also be
presented for the total modeling domain and for the individual counties in the domain. If
modeling will not be conducted for a large domain, then point source data for the 25-mile
extension area should be presented. If data are presented for the 25-mile extension area, the
State must be sure to clearly distinguish these emission estimates from those for the primary
nonattainment area.
There are many possible ways to summarize and present the inventory emissions results.
The following paragraphs identify the types of emission results that should be included in the
inventory report and give examples of several methods for data display that are preferred by
EPA. States are not required to use formats that precisely duplicate the following examples;
however, they are encouraged to use formats that communicate the inventory results to the same
extent and level of detail as in the examples.
Total Emissions for the-Nonattainment Area
This documentation should define total VOC, NOX, and CO emissions on an annual and
seasonal daily basis for the designated nonattainment area. It would be appropriate to list these
estimates in the text of the document and illustrate the data with a bar or pie chart, as shown in
the examples in Figure 3-2 (annual emissions) and Figure 3-3 (daily emissions). For example,
documentation for annual emissions might consist of the following:
Total annual ozone precursor emissions from the OzoneviUe designated nonattainment
area for the 1990 base year are shown below:
- VOC emissions = 45,600 tons/yr
- NO, emissions = 29,900 tons/yr
- CO emissions =134,770 tons/yr
j«/»p 3-8
-------
150,000
100,000
I
I
(O
50,000
voc
134.770
NOx
I
CO
Figure 3-2. Summary of Annual Ozoneville Nonattainment Area Ozone Precursor
Emissions -1990 Base Year
-------
1,500
1,000
£
500
vex;
NOx
CO
Figure 3-3. Summary ofOzoneville Nonattainment Area Ozone Season Daily
Emissions -1990 Base Year
-------
Figure 3-2 graphically illustrates the relative magnitude of the emissions in the nonattainment
area.
The same type of data presentation should also be used for daily emissions. For example:
Total average daily peak ozone season precursor emissions from the Ozoneville
nonattainment area for the 1990 base year are shown below:
• VOC emissions = 405 tons/day
- NOt emissions = 299 tons/day
- CO emissions = 1,347 tons/day
Daily emissions were averaged for the 3-month peak ozone season for the Ozoneville
nonattainment area, which was determined as June 1 to August 31 (based on the highest ozone
violations for the years 1987-1989). Figure 3-3 illustrates the relative magnitude of dotty
emissions from different sources for the nonattainment area.
Similarly, if the area is one that requires air quality modeling to be conducted for
attainment demonstration purposes and the modeling domain is larger than the nonattainment
area, emissions should also be totaled and summarized for the larger modeling domain and for
individual counties in the larger domain.
Emissions Summary by County and by Pollutant
The emissions summary in the documentation report should include tables or graphs that
present total annual and peak ozone season daily VOC, NO,, and CO emissions for the individual
counties in the designated nonattainment area (or modeling domain area as applicable). (Note
that for CO nonattainment inventories, only CO annual and daily emissions would be reported.)
An example of a table for annual emissions is shown in Table 3-3. For consistency, the same
format as in Table 3-3 should be used to report daily emissions. The same information can be
more powerfully communicated by using a graphic such as the one shown in the example in
jet/sip 3-H
-------
TABLE 3-3. ANNUAL VOC, NO* AND CO EMISSIONS BY COUNTY IN THE
OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA -1990 BASE YEAR
^ % f f ^ •• s V ^5 % O
A
B
C
D
E
F
TOTAL
l- ' -v ---{ , Polhitaa Emissions (tons/yr)
' '^^v**^
28,300
31,200
14,000
16,800
52,100
29,000
171,400
^.* * ^ ItXfV
&#• $:\-}.vAw\: ••$$*>/•$
21,700
25,650
8,200
11,950
41,870
17,230
126,600
€O
69,780
60,060
28,700
22,220
81,070
58,750
320,580
Note to Reader: If the inventory area is one that requires air quality modeling to be
conducted for attainment demonstration purposes and the modeling domain is larger than the
nonattainment area, emissions should also be totaled and summarized for the larger modeling
domain and for individual counties in the larger domain. A similar presentation format to
that shown in this table can be used for the larger modeling domain emissions summary.
jes/np
3-12
-------
Figure 3-4. These types of graphs can be used for both annual and daily emissions, and for both
ozone precursor and CO emission inventories.
Emissions Summary by Source Type for the Nonattainment Area
It is important to summarize emissions for the entire nonattainment area according to the
five major source type categories. Data should be similarly summarized for the entire modeling
domain if attainment demonstration modeling is to be conducted for a larger geographic area. As
with all of the emission summaries, data need to be presented for both annual and ozone or CO
season daily emissions. Table 3-4 illustrates a format that could be followed for ozone season
daily emissions. The same format would be used for annual emissions. Similarly, the same type
of table should be used for CO nonattainment area inventories except that only CO data would be
reported. A figure such as Figure 3-5 could be used to graphically portray a daily or annual
emissions summary.
Emissions Summary by Source Type and by County
It would be useful to summarize emissions for each pollutant for each individual county
by major source type class. If this is done, emission summaries should be provided for both
annual and seasonal daily emissions. Separate tables can be prepared for each pollutant. Annual
and daily emissions of the same pollutant can be combined on the same table or split into two at
the State's discretion. The example in Table 3-5 combines both annual and seasonal daily VOC
emissions.
3.3 DOCUMENT ORGANIZATION
The overall organization and structure of an emission inventory report should be
explained in the Background section. Each individual document component should be identified
and its contents defined. An example of the type of discussion required is illustrated below.
3-13
-------
County B
(18%)
County B
(20%)
County C
(10*)
County 0
(8%)
County A
(17%)
County
(30%)
County F
(14%)
Annual VOC Emissions
County E
(33*)
Annual NOx Emissions
County B
(19%)
County C
(9%)
County 0
(7%)
County E
(25*)
County A
(22*)
County F
(18%)
Annual CO Emissions
Figure 3-4. Distribution of Annual Emissions by County for the
Ozonevitte Nonattainment Area -1990 Base Year
3-14
-------
TABLE 3-4. DISTRIBUTION OF OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA
EMISSIONS BY SOURCE TYPE • 1990 BASE YEAR
; &Httf3etftpe :-
Stationary point sources
Stationary area sources
Non-road mobile sources
On-road mobile sources
Biogenic sources
TOTAL
PolhitaBtBmijsionsCtEHB/day}
A%
r: , voc -
42
101
11
243
8
405
-i\ NCV ^
21
11
37
230
0
299
€0
57
23
162
1,105
0
1,347
Note to the Reader: If the inventory area is one that requires air quality modeling to be
conducted for attainment demonstration purposes and the modeling domain is larger than the
nonattainment area, emissions should also be totaled and summarized for the larger modeling
domain and for individual counties in the larger domain. A similar presentation format to that
shown in this table can be used for the larger modeling domain emissions summary.
3-15
-------
Go-road Mobil*
(60%)
On-road Mobile
(72%)
Biogenics
(T
Non-road Mobile
(4%)
Point
(10%)
Non-road Mobile
(72%)
Sta. Area (25%)
Daily VOC Emission*
Sta. Area
(3%)
Point
(8%)
Dally NOx Emissions
Non-road
Mobile
(12%)
On-road
Mobile
(12%)
Sta. Area
(1%)
Daily CO Emissions
Figure 3-5. Distribution of Daily Emissions by Source Type for the
Ozoneville Nonattainment Area -1990 Base Year
3-16
-------
TABLE 3-5. SUMMARY OF VOC EMISSIONS IN OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA BY COUNTY AND SOURCE TYPE -1990 BASE YEAR
VOCEmmions
,P«tty
\W^ jy ***ffjT /
Daily
Annual
(wns/yr)
80
75
27,500
0.5
80
93.5
27,195
18
98
95
30,500
20
120
165
31,253
460
42
215
200
60,000
12
500
394
61,775
295
27
1,200
1.5
IS
83.5
1,807
14
185
II
44
1.200
20
120
60
1,999
TOTAL
63
1.275
79
464
380
120,400
54
835
796
124,749
* Emissions figures do not include any emissions from sources in the 25-mile extension area.
Note to the Reader: If the inventory area is one that requires air quality modeling to be conducted for attainment demonstration purposes and the modeling domain is larger
than the nonanainmeru area, emissions should also be totaled and summarized for the larger modeling domain and for individual counties in the larger domain. A similar
presentation format to that shown in this table can be used for the larger modeling domain emissions summary.
-------
The remainder of this document is organized as follows:
The description and documentation for the stationary point source component of the
Ozoneviile inventory is provided in Section 2.0. The supporting documentation and example
calculations for the point source discussion are found in Appendix A.
Section 3.0 describes the derivation of the stationary area source inventory. Supporting
documentation for emission factors and activity data are given in Appendix B.
Non-road mobile emission estimates are documented in Section 4.0, with supporting
documentation and calculations found in Appendix C.
Section 5.0 addresses on-road mobile emission estimates. Detailed input and output
data from the MOBILE4.1 emission factor model and from determining VMT using the State's
Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) database are provided in Appendix D.
Biogenic emission estimates are documented in Section 6.0.
Section 7.0 provides a description of the quality assurance (QA) program used to ensure
that the inventory contains accurate and complete data. Copies of completed QA checklists
documenting errors found and how these errors were corrected are given in Appendix E.
Additionally, Appendix F contains a copy of the completed inventory QA checklist from EPA's
guidance document Quality Review Guidelines for 1990 Base Year Inventories (September
1991).
jes/sip 3-18
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SECTION 4
STATIONARY POINT SOURCES
This section is intended to assist State and local agencies in documenting VOC, NOX, and
CO emissions from stationary point sources. The point source section of the emission inventory
report should contain an introduction, describe how the point source list was obtained and how
emission estimates for individual sources were calculated, and give summary tables detailing
emissions by pollutant and by source category. Each of the following subsections addresses a
portion of the point source inventory and provides an example of how to document each topic.
4.1 INTRODUCTION
The introduction to the stationary point source section should be a well written narrative
that briefly describes the overall process used to obtain point source emission estimates. It
should identify the agency responsible for point source submittal and outline the remainder of the
point source section. -The following is an example introduction.
This section documents the development of the OzoneviUe Nonattainment Area
stationary point source list and serves to characterize the point source component of the
emission inventory by describing data collection, verification, and emission estimation
techniques. For the purposes of this emission inventory, point sources are defined as
stationary, commercial, or industrial operations that emit more than 10 tpy VOC or 100 or
more tons of NO, or CO per year. The point source inventory consists of actual emissions for
the base year 1990, and includes sources in the six OzoneviUe nonattainment area counties and
100-ton VOC sources located in the 25-mile boundary zone.
The OzoneviUe Air Pollution Control Agency (OAPCA) was the lead agency responsible
for compiling the point source inventory. It was responsible for identifying point sources
meeting the cutoff criteria, documenting the method used to calculate emissions from each
source, and summarizing and presenting its findings.
jei/rip 4-1
-------
The remainder of this section details the point source data collection techniques, the
emission estimation procedures, and provides more detailed tables of emission estimates.
4.2 COMPILING THE POINT SOURCE LIST
The EPA Procedures document (EPA-450/4-91-016) gives several possible resources for
compiling an initial list of potential point sources, including existing inventories, state permit
files, county business directories, and even telephone books. Whatever the approach, it is
important that a verbal description of this activity be included in the inventory report. The
following is an example of how to document this "data gathering" step.
This section describes the method used to develop the initial point source list from which
point source emissions for the 1990 Ozoneville base year inventory were estimated. This
section is included in order to demonstrate that the source Ust is as complete as possible.
Point source data collection activities were initiated by OAPCA in February 1991, after
receiving notification from EPA that the Ozoneville Nonattainment Area is a nonattainment
area for ozone. An existing emission inventory, compiled for the Ozoneville 1987 SIP, formed
the starting point for the point source list. The 1987 inventory identified 65 point sources
emitting greater than 25 tpy of VOC, and 23 point sources emitting greater than 100 tpy of CO
or NO,. Because of the lower cutoff for VOC sources required for the 1990 inventory, it was
recognized that additional sources would need to be considered.
To supplement the existing point source list, county business directories, local telephone
books, electronic yellow pages, and State industrial directories were consulted to identify
potential sources in the source categories listed in Table 4.2-1 of the EPA Procedures document
(EPA-450/4-91-016). In addition, State and local lists of permitted air pollution sources were
reviewed in order to adequately account for sources that have only recently begun operation.
The above procedures identified 16 potential VOC sources and 4 potential CO and NO,
sources in addition to the sources in the 1987 inventory.
jet/lip 4-2
-------
Once all possible point sources have been identified, a follow-up survey should be
conducted to eliminate sources that have either shut down or that have emissions less than the
stated cutoff values. This can be accomplished in several ways including:
• Direct plant contact via telephone calls;
• Indirect plant contact via mail surveys;
• Plant inspections; or
• Consulting air pollution agency files.
These methods are discussed in more detail in the EPA Procedures document
(EPA-450/4-91-016). In any case, it is important to describe how the final list of point sources
was obtained. An example of how this may be documented follows:
The comprehensive initial list was refined by eliminating facilities that were known to
have closed and those that were found to have no local emission activities (e.g., sales offices,
corporate headquarters, etc.).' Each of the point sources on the initial list was contacted by
telephone and administered a screening survey in order to determine if its emission activity
exceeded the 10 tpy threshold level for VOC, or the 100 tpy level for NO, or CO. Plants or
facilities with annual emissions less than these cut-off levels were eliminated from the
stationary point source list and are now accounted for in the area source inventory.
Based on the screening survey, plants whose emission activity exceeded the threshold
level for any of the three pollutants were then sent questionnaires. The questionnaires were
designed to obtain the site-specific data outlined in the EPA Procedures document
(EPA-450/4-91-016). A copy of the questionnaire used for Ozoneville point source data
gathering is provided in Appendix C. Fottow-up telephone calls were made in several cases to
clarify responses. In addition, site visits were performed at several facilities as part of the
survey follow-up activities. These data verification techniques ensured a complete data set for
each point source in the inventory.
4.3
-------
Table 4-1 shows the final point source list and includes the name, location, and
pollutants emitted for each identified source.
TABLE 4-1. FINAL POINT SOURCE LIST - OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA
County
A
A
B
C
D
E
F
! PJaot Nairn
Axon Gas
Waste Bakers Inc.
ABC Drum Works
Central Power
Bill's Paints
The Fixit Shop
Squeeky Clean
.. ,**•*? ** ""-v f ** ••''V^ •£ •""»•• j
3311 Philips Highway
1262 Philips Highway
111 Main Street
3746 Big Road
16 Main Street
8329 3rd Place
1919 Bridge Road
Pollutants Eini
voe
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
NO,
X
X
X
rtted
CO
X
X
X
4.3 DOCUMENTING THE. EMISSION ESTIMATION PROCEDURES
Once a final list of point sources has been compiled, emission estimates must be
determined for each source. Emission estimates for point sources must represent actual
emissions for the base year 1990—permitted emission limits are not acceptable. This means
that emissions from each source must be determined using source test results, material balances,
or calculations that use appropriate emission factors. The method used to determine emissions
should be given for each source and an example calculation included for each method employed.
If applicable, rule effectiveness and seasonal adjustment should be considered for each source.
The documentation for these procedures should enable the reviewing agency to follow the
methodology used, and to independently reproduce the stated emission estimates. An example
of acceptable documentation for emission estimates for point sources follows:
In the majority of cases, emission estimates for each point source on the final list were
derived using material balance approaches. AP-42 emissions factors and source test data were
jes/sip
4-4
-------
also used to calculate base year estimates. Rule effectiveness and seasonal adjustments were
included in the emission estimates for applicable source categories. The following equation
was used to account for rule effectiveness and seasonal adjustment:
E ' T
E, - -* i fl - C (RE)]
' D -Wt[ * J
where:
Es = Seasonally adjusted emissions (to/day)
EA = Annual emissions of VOC, NO* or CO Ob/year)
Ts = Throughput for ozone (or CO) season, as a fraction of annual throughput
D = Days in operation per week (days/week)
Ws = Weeks of ozone (or CO) season (weeks per year)
C. = Control efficiency
RE = Rule effectiveness
At this point, the inventory report should provide examples of how emissions from the
point sources on the final list were calculated. The calculations in the examples should
incorporate rule effectiveness and seasonal adjustment. The examples can be documented as
follows:
The following examples show how emission estimates were obtained for the point
sources on the final list.
jet/iip 4_5
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Example 1
Squeeky Clean
1919 Bridge Road
Ozoneville, USA
General Facility Information:
Squeeky Clean is a commercial dry cleaning facility that employs 35 people and operates
six days per week in County A. The facility uses perchloroethylene as a cleaning solvent and
reportedly cleaned 625 tons of clothing in 1990. The amount of perchloroethylene purchased
in 1990 was 150,340 pounds. Assuming that att of the solvent purchased during 1990 was lost
to the atmosphere through evaporation, and because perchloroethylene is considered reactive,
the emissions from this facility were estimated to be 150,340 pounds of reactive VOC. Because
the reported cleaning activity for this facility stayed essentially constant throughout the year, no
seasonal adjustment was applied (i.e., T, = .25). This facility is not subject to air emission
regulations and is uncontrolled, so no rule effectiveness factor was applied.
Calculations:
E> '
. (150.140 Iblyr) • (.25)
' 6 ( fe] . 13 (ȣ*)
V week) \ yr )
E.-4S1.9 ttTOC
5 ozone day
je«/$ip 4-6
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Example 2
Specialty Packaging
1934 Cottonwood Drive
Ozoneville, USA
General Facility Information:
Specialty Packaging is a manufacturer of printed flexible packaging material located in
County B. The printing method is flexography using alcohol-base inks. The company operates
three printing lines. VOC emissions occur from solvent contained in the ink and solvents used
for equipment clean-up. Each of the potential emission points along the printing lines is
controlled by a vapor capture system combined with a carbon bed adsorption/solvent recovery
control system. A rule effectiveness factor of 80 percent was applied to account for variations
in control efficiency over time. The following information for the 1990 base year was provided
by Specialty Packaging and was based on material balances:
• Total ink consumption in 1990 = 35,000 gallons;
• Total dean-up solvent consumption in 1990 - 5,000 gallons;
• Total quantity of VOC vented to the carbon adsorption system
in 1990 = 193,750 Ibs/yr;
• Solvent recovery system measured efficiency in 1990 = 75%
(. 75 Ib recovered/lb captured);
• Employees = 22; and
• Operating time = 5 days per week, 52 weeks per year.
jet/tip 4-7
-------
- c
Es = <193'750 »»» ' W [M0.75) (0.80)]
5 f *WL] - o \weeks]
[ week] [ yr \
ozone day
jes/sip 4-g
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Example 3
Central Power
3746 Big Road
Ozoneville, USA
General Facility Information:
Central Power operates a base-load steam electric generating plant with seven coal-fired
boilers in County C. Stack tests conducted on the boiler in March 1990 indicated NO, and
VOC emissions of 4,118.6 and 18.1 pound per.hour, respectively, and that 70% (12.6 Ib/hr) of
the VOCs emitted from these boilers was reactive. During the emissions test, coal consumption
was reported as 95 tons/hr (2280 tons/day).* The plant continuously operates at maximum
generating capacity, so no seasonal or weekday adjustments were applied.
Calculations:
NO - 4'118"6 ft x 24 /tr m 98,846.4 Ib
. * .. hr ozone day ozone day
x
24hr - 302 &
hr ozone day ozone day
CQ m 2,280 tons coal 5 Ib CO m 11,400 Ib CO
day ton coal ozone day
* This activity level was combined with an AP-42 emission factor for coal (5 Ib CO/ton coal) to
determine CO emissions.
jes/sip 4-9
-------
4.4 EMISSIONS SUMMARY TABLES
The ultimate products of a point source inventory are the actual point source emissions
estimates. Therefore, it is important that estimates be provided in an easy-to-read format.
Total emission estimates should be presented in a table such as the one shown in the
example in Table 4-2, which gives total point source emission estimates for VOC, NOX, and CO
from the six counties located in the Ozoneville nonattainment area.
Summary tables of emissions estimates by pollutant, by plant, and by each source
category should also be included. The EPA's AIRS Facility Subsystem (AFS) and the SIP Air
Pollutant Inventory Management System (SAMS) contain several preformatted summary reports
that may be used, such as the "Detailed Point Source EMISSION Reports" in SAMS, the
AFP644 "AFS Plant Emissions Inventory" report, the AFP649 "Emissions Point Summary" in
AFS, and the AFP634 "Emission Ranking for a Pollutant" in AFS. Sample reports from AIRS
of these formats are shown in Appendix A. States may create their own summary tables, such as
those shown in the examples in.Tables 4-3 through 4-5.
4.5 AIRS/AFS POINT SOURCE SUBMITTAL
All point source data must eventually reside in EPA's AFS. States may enter their point
source data by either:
• Using the SAMS systems "Create AFS export file," available in SAMS
version 4.1;
• Entering the data directly into AFS on-line; or
• Submitting an AFS-formatted transaction file directly to EPA.
The method used to transfer the data must be documented in the emissions inventory
report as in the following example:
jes/sip 4-10
-------
TABLE 4-2. TOTAL ANNUAL VOC, NO* AND CO EMISSIONS FROM POINT SOURCES
FOR COUNTIES IN THE OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA -
1990 BASE YEAR
. Jfr * f •.
! C*ii&"*
A
B
C
D
E
F
TOTALS
Pollutant Emissions (toos/yr)
VOC
25,000
30,000
14,000
16,000
50,000
28,000
163,000
NO*
22,000
28,000
7,000
12,000
43,000
18,000
130,000
€0
71,000
62,000
29,000
22,000
78,000
60,000
322,000
TABLE 4-3. SUMMARY LISTING OF VOC SOURCES INCLUDED IN
THE OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA INVENTORY
•* V -. % f
'•*• "" ^ V -fcA' •/•>''
%> FfeaiNaab' ,\^;t-
Axon Gas
Waste Bakers, Inc.
ABC Drum Works
Central Power
Bill's Paint*
The Fixit Shop
Squeeky Clean
TOTALS
, , m •• r ,\
^SvX-'-IvSx-'1 -^fe- ^ V ^^ % ^
^^WBt^V:''V':
A
A
B
C
D
E
F
r." 'Vi*)* A'
s s'% % '^ ••JBPnEt^w^Mr %\ %
^"""v^$»8^?^' " '
1,400
10
20
18
24
437
22
1,931
; Ozone Seasoo
cxc .. *JfMl5SK»«S
">"" (IbsAlay)
8,000
74
155
141
210
3,361
193
12,084
jei/iip
4-11
-------
TABLE 4-4. SUMMARY OF OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA POINT SOURCE
VOC EMISSIONS BY MAJOR SOURCE CATEGORIES
W- -:;«,.:,-
,'^ ' _, , Ca*g0*yr , , _
Storage, transportation and marketing of VOC
Industrial processes
Non-industrial surface coating
Other solvent use
Waste disposal
Other miscellaneous sources
TOTALS
•«t. \
<*0fl$$t> !
1,400
437
24
42
10
18
1,931
"' Ozone $e»S0a
(tons/day)
4.0
2.0
0.3
0.5
0.1
0.1
7.0
TABLE 4-5. SUMMARY OF NO, AND CO POINT SOURCES INCLUDED IN
HE OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA INVENTORY
1990
Central Power
98,856
2,081
11,400
Waste Bakers, Inc
Axon Gas
TOTALS
1,145
2,029
21,214
7,200
11,119
117,175
700
1,051
3,832
4,400
5,760
21,560
jeWiip
4-12
-------
EPA's SAMS was used to compile the stationary point source inventory and prepare the
data for SIP submittal. After running the point source data through the "APS Edit Checks"
subroutine, an AFS compatible output file was created using the SAMS utility "Create AFS
export file." This file was copied onto a floppy disc and submitted to Bill Shoe at the Region 4
office. A copy of the SAMS backup disc containing all the point source data is included in this
inventory to aid the reviewing agency.
4.6 REQUIRED INFORMATION FOR POINT SOURCES
A minimum amount of information about each stationary point source must be included in
the emissions inventory report. A list of the required data is shown in Chapter 4 of the EPA
Requirements documents (EPA-450/4-91-010 and EPA-450/4-91-011).
There are several ways States can satisfy this requirement. Once all the point source
information has been uploaded to AFS, a customized summary report may be created that lists
the required data for each plant. Another option is to use a SAMS Detailed Point Source
*• • •
Information report for each plant in the inventory. An example of a SAMS Detailed Point
Source Information report containing all of the required data for a single point source is shown in
Table 4-6.
Point source data should be submitted as an appendix to the main inventory report
because, in many cases, hard copies of this information are several inches thick.
jei/tip 4-13
-------
•§'
TABLE 4-6. DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
Type of Inventory: 3 Last Updated by: MOP on 02/12/92
Total Plant VOC Ozone Season Daily Emissions:
Total Plant NOX Ozone Season Daily Emissions:
Total Plant CO Ozona Season Daily Emissions:
SAMS Report Date: 02/12/92
PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Mane: CENTRAL DRUM WORKS
Total Plant VOC Annual Emissions: 51 tons/yr
Total Plant BOX Annual Emissions: 0 tonsVyr'
Total Plant CO Annual Emissions: 0 tons/yr
Total Plant CO CO Season Emissions: 0 Ibs/day
State: North Carolina County: Mecklenburg Co AQCR: 231
NEDS Plant ID: 0899 CDS Plant ID: . Local Plant ID:
Street Address: 101 MAIN ST. ' City: JONESVILLE
City Code: UTM Zone: 17 UTM Easting: 500.0 UTM Northing: 4000.0
Township/Modeling Grid Code:
SIC Codes - Primary: 3A79 Secondary: Tertiary:
Principal Product: STEEL DRUM Employees: 54 Plant Area: 0.0 acras
Plant Contact: BILL JOHNSON Telephone Number: (770) 456-8787
Plant Level Comment: RECONDITIONING OF STEEL DRUMS
Page 1-1
60 Ibs/day
0 Ibs/day
0 Ibs/day
Zip Code: 22728
POINT INFORMATION
Point ID: 05 Local Point ID: SIC: 3479
Total Point VOC Annual Emissions: 51 tons/yr
Total Point NOX Annual Emissions: 0 tons/yr
Total Point CO Annual Emissions: . 0 tons/yr
Total Point CO CO Season Emissions: 0 Ibs/day
UTM Easting: 500.0 UTM Northing: 4000.0 Latitude:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 9 Days per week: 5
Start time: 07:00 Ending time: 16:00
Throughputs - December through February: 25 March through May: 25
June through August: 25 September through November: 25
Stack Parameters - Height: 0 Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: 0 Plume Rise:
Flowrate: 0 Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
AFS Stack: Oil Boiler Capacity: 0 Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Comment: INTERIOR LINING LINE
Last Updated by: MOP on 02/12/92
Total Point VOC Osone Season Daily Emissions:
Total Point NOX Oione Seaaon Daily Emissions:
Total Point CO Osone Season Daily Emissions:
35-06-05 Longitude: 080-41-50
Weeks per year: 52
60
0
0
Ibs/day
Ibs/day
Ibs/day
(Continued)
-------
TABLE 4-6. (Continued)
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device PROCESS CHANGE
Secondary Control Davica: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Davica Efficiency: 90.01
Manured Emiasions: 0 Units: TY Method of Emissions Measurement: 1
Estimated Emissions: 45 Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE
Emissions Sunned from Process: 45 tons/year 980 Ibs/day 0 Ibs/day
SIP Regulation in Placa (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 90 Emission Limitation:
SIP Emission Limitation: 0 SIP Emissiqn Limitation Units: TY
Point Emissions Laval Comment: INTERIOR LINING LINE
Last Updated by: MOP on 02/12/92
226 TPY
PROCESS INFORMATION
LSI
SCC Number: 3-09-060-01 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: MOP on 02/12/92
SCC Description: Fabricated Metal Products/Fabricated Metal Products/Porcelain Enamel/Ceramic/Spray Booth
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Beat Content: 0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
AFS Segment: 01 Process Rate Units: Gallons Wet Mixed Slurry Sprayed
Actual Annual Process Rate: 5265 Maximum Design Rate: 2.300
O3 Season Daily Process Rate: 20.7 CO Season Daily Process Rate: 20.7
Process Level Comaent: INTERIOR LINING LINE
-------
TABLE 4-6. (Continued)
Last Updated by: MOP on 02/07/92
O\
SAMS Report Date: 02/12/82
PROCESS EMISSIOHS UFGRMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: FLARING
Sacondary Control Device: FLARING t •
Control Device Efficiency: 90.OZ
SIP Regulation in Placa (Y/N)? N Complianca Year: Emission Limitation:
SIP Emission Limitation: SIP Emission Limitation Units:
Estimation Matbod: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR;OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 5
Annual Nonbankad Emissions: 1 tons par yaar' Annual Bankad Emissions: tons par yaar
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 10 Ibs CO Season Dally Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-02-026-06 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: MOP on 02/07/92
SCC Description: Surface Coating Operation/Surface Coating Operation/Surface Coating of Steel/Interior Coating
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content: 0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
AFS Segment: 02 Process Rate Units: Gallons Paint Consumed
Actual Annual Process Rate: 15795 Maximum Design Rate: 6.7SO
03 Season Dally Process Rate: 60.75 CO Season Daily Process Rate: 60.75
Process Level Comment: INTERIOR LINING LINE
Page 1-2
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: FLARING
Secondary Control Device: FLARING
Control Device Efficiency: 90.OZ
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
SIP Emission Limitation: SIP Emission Limitation Units:
Estimation Method: STACK TEST RESULTS OR OTHER EMISSION MEASUREMENT Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbankad Emissions: SO tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: Rule Effectiveness: N/A
O3 Season Daily Emissions: 50 Ibs CO Season Daily Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
Last Updated by: MOP on 02/07/92
(Continued)
-------
I
TABLE 4-6. (Continued)
PROCESS FROJECTIOH EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Projection Year: 93 Projection Year Attainment Year (Y/N)? Last Updated by: MOP on 02/12/92
Primary Control Device: FLARING
Secondary Control Device: FLARING
Control Device Efficiency: 90. OZ Growth Factor:
O3 Seeeon Daily Bate Line Emissions: Ibs ' ' CO Season Daily Base Line Emissions: Ibs
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Updated Primary Control Device: FLARING
Updated Secondary Control Device: FLARING
Control Device Efficiency: 90. OZ Rule Ef f ectixeness : 80
O3 Season Daily SIP Stratety Emissions: Ibs CO Season SIP Strategy Daily Emissions: Ibs
Process Projection Emissions Level Comment:
SAMS Report Date: 02/12/92
Grand Total VOC Annual Emissions: 51
Grand Total NQX Annual Emissions: 0
Grand Total CO Annual Emissions: 0
Grand Total CO CO Season Emissions: 0
SUM1ARY
tons/yr Grand Total VOC Ozone Season Daily Emissions:
tons/yr Grand Total NQX Ozone Season Daily Emissions:
tons/yr Grand Total CO Ozone Season Daily Emissions:
Ibs /day
60 Ibs/day
0 Ibs/day
0 Ibs/day
-------
SECTION 5
STATIONARY AREA SOURCES
This section of the guidance document shows how VOC, NOX, and CO emissions from
stationary area sources may be documented in the emission inventory report. The guidance is
presented mainly in the form of examples. A diverse set of processes (e.g., industrial
evaporative loss sources, combustion sources, non-industrial evaporative loss sources, etc.) are
addressed for the following area source categories:
• Gasoline distribution losses;
• Dry cleaning;
• Graphic arts;
• Cutback asphalt paving;
• Pesticides application;
• Commercial/consumer solvent use;
»- • •
• Orchard heaters; and
• Woodstoves.
A State or local agency's inventory documentation should address each distinct area
source category in a separate section or discussion. Each discussion needs to clearly delineate
the estimation method used; the emission factor used and its source; the activity data level used
and its source; whether rule effectiveness was applicable and, if so, what effectiveness was used
and why; and how emissions were seasonally adjusted to a daily basis.
Section S.I contains guidance on how an introduction to the area sources documentation
should be structured. Section 5.2 provides an example discussion for summarizing total area
source emissions. Sections 5.3 through 5.10 present example documentation for selected area
source categories. The categories were chosen to represent a variety of different source types,
each presenting its own issues. The examples shown here are intended to only offer suggestions
jes/sip 5-1
-------
for how to document area source values and do not define totally prescriptive formats that must
be followed. However, the examples do define the minimum data elements that must be clearly
communicated to EPA as a part of any documentation effort.
5.1 INTRODUCTION
The primary purpose of the introduction is to delineate the area source categories
addressed (and not addressed) in the inventory and to identify any special assumptions or
conditions (e.g., emission factors used, activity data used, rule effectiveness use, subtraction of
point sources etc.) that influenced the emission estimates. An example of a discussion that could
be used to define source category coverage is given below.
Identification of Source Categories Inventoried
All of the area source categories contained in the EPA Procedures document (EPA-
450/4-91-016) were evaluated for emission estimates for the Ozoneville Nonattainment Area
emissions inventory, with the following exceptions.
County A: Emulsified asphalt and orchard heaters
County B: Emulsified asphalt, orchard heaters, and agricultural burning
County C: Orchard heaters and agricultural burning
AU Counties: Open burning, natural gas weU blowouts, silage storage, and all the
small-scale combustion sources (e.g., backyard grills, deep fat fryers,
etc.)
Open burning was not included for any county because open burning is prohibited by
law in all counties. Orchard heaters were not included in Counties A, B, and C because there
are no fruit crops in these counties and no other crops were found to use heating, particularly
during the ozone season. Emulsified asphalt use was omitted from Counties A and B because
the Ozoneville Highway Department indicated that this form of paving was not used in either
county. Agricultural burning was excluded for Counties B and C because there is no
jei/rip 5-2
-------
commercial agriculture in these counties and the County Farm Extension Service knew of no
burning practices.
Several of the area source categories contained in the latest EPA. Procedures document
under the heading of Previously Uninventoried Source Categories were not included in the
Ozonevitte Nonattainment Area emissions inventory. Natural gas well blowouts were excluded
because there are no natural gas wells in any of the counties. Silage storage was excluded for
the same reason. None of the small-scale combustion sources identified in the EPA Procedures
document were addressed in the inventory because no suitable emission factors were available
for estimation purposes, activity data were very difficult and expensive to obtain, and the
categories were determined to be negligible contributors to emissions.
Area source emission estimates were generally calculated using the recommended
guidance in the EPA Procedures document. Exceptions to the recommended approaches are
detailed in the individual source category discussions. A summary of area source emissions for
the entire Ozoneville nonattainment area and for individual counties is provided in Section 5.2.
5.2 EMISSIONS SUMMARY
The area source documentation should contain summary tables that report area source
category emissions for the entire nonattainment area and for individual counties within the
nonattainment area. Emissions should be reported on both an annual and an ozone or CO season
daily basis. Table 5-1 illustrates an acceptable format for total area emissions and Table 5-2
shows summary numbers for an individual county. Examples of AMS-PC summary emissions
reports are given in Appendix B.
5.3 EMISSIONS FROM GASOLINE DISTRIBUTION LOSSES
Emissions of VOC from gasoline distribution losses are estimated from information on
gasoline throughput and tank fill methods. Gasoline throughput is determined using population
data and State gasoline use information.
5-3
-------
i
TABLE 5-1. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM AREA SOURCES FOR THE OZONEVILLE NONATTAINMENT AREA
*r: - '<•
'£' < *
Gasoline and Diesel Marketing
Gasoline
Diesel
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
Stationary Source Solvent Evaporation
Dry cleaning
Degreasing
Automobile refuushing
Architectural type
Graphic arts
Cutback asphalt paving
Roofing
Pesticides
Commercial/consumer solvent use
SUBTOTAL
Less Point Source Contribution6
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
: - Had
&*Wfci
2,381.00
0.36
2,381.36
349.58
1,063.08
613.13
1,416.90
186.44
35.98
41.92
40.34
1,491.52
5,295.76
36.0
5,259.76
1? *v •< ' "
to-day ,
6.91
0.001
6.91
1.31
3.18
2.53
4.97
0.58
0.14
0.16
0.16
4.05
17.08
0.13
16.95
'-'" 3*^
*; f:
NAa
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.20
NA
NA
0.20
0
0.20
'4*** >'
tons/day <
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.0008
NA
NA
0.0008
0
0.0008
'tt
' ---Oil
' f '^SGKfKMBJSliia
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.06
NA
NA
0.06
0
0.06
liBi
pJlljgglSgcigaP^j **
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.0002
NA
NA
0.0002
0
0.0002
-------
V
I
TABLE 5-1. (Continued)
Waste Management PfKtJPSS
Publicly-owned treatment works
Industrial Wastewater
Hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal
Municipal Landfills
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
Small Fossil and Other Fuel Combustion
Commercial/institutional
Industrial
Residential
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
Other
Commercial bakeries
Miscellaneous combustion
Leaking underground storage tanks
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
»
167.30
0.03
; 138.91
118.80
425.04
47.59
41.89
3,059.85
3,149.33
133.54
115.37
150.95
399.86
0.45
0.0001
0.37
0.32
1.14
0.02
0.11
0.03
0.16
0.42
0.30
0.40
1.12
i-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-/:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:
*gfffi;8&%%
-------
TABLES-!. (Continued)
O\
Nonhighwav Mobile Sources
Aircraft
Marine vessels
Other — construction equipment
Other — farm equipment
Other — industrial equipment
Other — lawn and garden equipment
Other - motorcycles
Railroad locomotives
1,557.29
749.50
; ski
48.49
167.3
261.9
34.7
135.01
4.18
3.04
2.10
0.20
0.45
0.93
0.11
0.36
2,343.25
27.0
3,752.10
93.64
590.5
24.4
2.2
542.98
6.28
0.11
13.49
0.39
1.58
0.08
0.01
1.45
5,900.76
2,738.7
8,393.4
656.57
4,684.2
2,322.5
117.3
190.4
16.31
11.10
30.17
2.65
12.52
8.12
0.37
0.51
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
3,538.29
11.37
7,376.07
23.39
25,093.83
81.75
TOTAL FOR AREA SOURCES
15,153.64
37.65
9,993.20
27.76
47,816.1
88.11
* Not applicable to this source.
b Point source contribution is from degreasing.
-------
TABLE 5-2. AREA SOURCE EMISSIONS SUMMARY FOR COUNTY A
sssss^^^^^SjijsS&i^^i^^ii
EVAPORATIVE LOSS
Gas Distribution
Tank truck unloading
Vehicle refueling
Tank breathing losses
Tank trucks in transit
Aircraft refueling
Stationary Source Solvent Evaporation
Dry cleaning
Perchloroethylene
Petroleum
Other
Degreasing
Cold cleaning
Surface coating
Architectural
Auto refinishing
Traffic paints
126
229
14
2
29
38
11
0
96
123
8
116
. 0,344
0.627
0.039
0.005
0.079
0.103
0.030
0.000
0.263
0.338
0.028
0.319
—
—
—
-
-
_
—
-
—
_
-
—
—
—
—
-
-
—
—
-
-
_
—
—
—
—
—
-
-
_
—
-
-
—
-
—
—
—
—
-
~
—
—
-
~
—
-
—
-------
TABLE 5-2. (Continued)
EVAPORATIVE LOSS (Continued)
Graphic arts
All processes combined
23
; 0.063
oo
Cutback asphalt paving
Asphalt kettle
Pesticide applications
Commercial/Consumer solvent
use
Barge, tank, tank truck, rail car,
drum cleaning
Leaking underground storage
tanks
16
4
10
189
41
19
0.044
0.000
0.027
O.S18
0.112
O.OS4
Waste management practices
Municipal waslewater treatment
Industrial waslewater treatment
TSDFs
Landfills
Catastrophic/Accidental Releases
40
220
116
94
3
0.110
0.604
0.317
0.258
0.007
-------
TABLE 5-2. (Continued)
COMBUSTION
Stationary Fossil Fuel Use
Coal
Fuel oil
Natural gas
Liquid propane gas LP
Residential wood use
71
3
11
2
3
Q.195
0.000
0.005
0.000
0.008
641
13
6
3
22
1.757
0.009
0.046
0.004
0.059
21
32
17
2
1
0.058
0.087
0.193
0.018
0.003
Solid Waste Incineration
On-site incineration
28
0.773
79
2.192
28
0.773
Other Combustion Sources
Forest fires
Slash/Prescribed burning
Agricultural burning
Structure fires
2
1
0.5
2
0.027
0.002
0.001
0.023
8
5
1
7
0.162
0.062
0.002
0.125
0.5
2
0.5
5
0.004
0.021
0.001
0.003
-------
Tank fill methods may be determined by surveying a percentage of the service stations in
a county. The method used to fill gasoline tanks affects the amount of VOC emitted, so that the
amount of gasoline delivered using each tank fill method must be determined. Emission factors
for each tank fill method are then used with the total amount of gasoline distributed by each
method to determine total VOC emissions for each method.
Once emissions are calculated for each tank fill method, total VOC emissions can be
determined. Rule efficiency and ozone season activity are applied to the county's total VOC
emissions to estimate total VOC emitted per ozone season day.
The following example shows how the procedure for estimating emissions of VOC from
Stage I tank truck unloading in one county may be documented. Note that this is only one part
of gasoline distribution losses. Both rule penetration and rule effectiveness are illustrated in this
example. Rule penetration is not explicitly mentioned, but is implicit in the determination of the
number of service stations using different tank fill methods.
Procedure forJEstimatinf VOC Emissions from Tank Truck Unloading in County A
Statewide gasoline consumption date for 1990 were available from the State Commerce
Department, but the data were not apportioned to the county level. Gasoline consumption data
have also been compiled by the State Petroleum Marketers Association, based on 1989 State
gasoline data, population, number of registered vehicles, and number of service stations in the
county. Although this compilation may yield the best estimate of gasoline use, U may
overestimate tank unloading losses. Therefore, in this emission inventory, the number of
registered vehicles in the county was used along with the 1990 estimate of gasoline
consumption to calculate the amount of gas unloaded to tanks in County A.
There were a total of 5,548,562 registered vehicles in the State in 1990, of which
197,236 were registered in County A. In 1990, statewide gasoline consumption was
3.32 x 109 gallons. Gasoline throughput was calculated as follows:
je«/«p 5-10
-------
County A 1990 gasoline throughput - (3.32 x 109)
- 118 x 106 gallons
A survey of service stations was conducted to determine the percentage of splash fill,
submerge fill, and vapor balanced systems in County A. The survey attempted to contact 79
(24%) of the 330 service stations in County A; 42 stations were successfully contacted. On the
assumption that the percentage of each tank filling method used by survey respondents was
representative of all service stations in County-A, 47 percent of service stations in the county
use the splash fill method, 36 percent use the submerge fill method, and 17 percent use the
vapor balanced method.
To determine the amount of gasoline delivered using each tank fill method, the total
amount of gasoline used in County A was multiplied by the percentage of stations using each
tank fill method, as shown in the following sample calculation:
Amount of gasoline loaded using splashfill method - (118 x 106) (0.47)
- 55.46 x 106 gallons
The amount of gasoline delivered in 1990 in County A for each tank fill method is
shown below:
Tank Fill Method Gasoline Delivered
Splash Fill 55.46 x 106 gallons
Submerge Ful 42.48 x Id6 gallons
Vapor Balanced 20.06 x 106 gallons
Emission factors for each tank fin method were obtained from Compilation of Air
Pollution Emission Factors. AP-42.
It was assumed that the percentage of service stations using a particular fill method
corresponded with the percentage of the total gasoline throughput loaded in that manner.
je*/sip 5-11
-------
Emissions were estimated as shown below and total emissions were estimated by adding the
emissions from each tank fill method used within the county.
Emissions from Splash Fill Method
Percent of „»«
(Emission factor)
lton
1,000 gal OOO
- 318.9 tonsfyr VOC
Emissions from Submerge Fill Method
fonTusfng} LC°T } (Emission factor) f-L£2L
method } \throuShput) * J > (2,000 Ib
- (.36) (118 » 10- **/) f7-3 ft ^Cl LLSL.
* ( 1,000 ga/ J UOOO Ib
- 155.1 row/yr VOC
Emissions from Vapor Balanced Method
(.17) (118 » 10* ,4 [°-3 /fe
* I 1,00
oJyusted
emission factor
1 ton \
00* J
,000 go/ ooo
- 3.0 tonstyr VOC
Total 1990 VOC Emissions from Stage I Tank Truck Unloading in County A
318.9 + 155.1 + 3.0 - 477.0 tonsfyr VOC
je«/>ip 5-12
-------
Summer day VOC emissions were calculated using a seasonal adjustment factor of 1.0
and a 312-day operation schedule. Ozone season daily VOC emissions in County A from
Stage tank truck unloading were 1.53 tons/day.
5.4 EMISSIONS FROM DRY CLEANING OPERATIONS
Emissions of VOC from dry cleaning operations may be estimated on a per employee
basis. The following example shows how this estimation procedure may be documented.
Procedure for Estimating VOC Emissions from Dry Cleaning Operations in County A
Total VOC emissions from dry cleaning operations in County A were determined on a
per employee basis using the emission factor provided in the EPA Procedures document.
Emissions were also calculated for a typical ozone season day.
According to County Business Patterns, 1,141 persons were employed in the dry
cleaning industry in County A in 1988 (757 under SIC 7215 and 384 under SIC 7216). Using
the EPA Procedures document emission factor, emissions for 1990 were calculated as follows:
- 2,521,610 Ib of VOC emittedfyr
- 1,261 tow of VOC emitted/yr
Therefore, 1,261 tons/yr of VOC were emitted from dry cleaning operations in County A in
1990.
From the EPA Procedures document it was determined that there was uniform activity
(1.0) for dry cleaning operations, and that most facilities operated 5 days per week. Seasonally
adjusted emissions were calculated as follows:
jei/iip ,5-13
-------
Daify VOC emissions
during the ozone season
(1.261 tons of VOC\ I 1 yr \ (I week\
{ yr ) (52 weeks) (5 days)
- 4.9 tons/day VOC
Two dry cleaning facilities in County A are reported as point sources in the 1990 State
emission inventory report. Emissions from these two facilities totalled 1,151.1 Ib (0.58 tons) of
VOC per day. This amount was subtracted from the area source estimate:
4.9 tons VOC • 0.58 tons VOC - 4.3 tons of VOC per day
Therefore, 4.3 tons/day of VOC were emitted from dry cleaning operations in County A during
the 1990 ozone season.
5.5 EMISSIONS FROM GRAPHIC ARTS FACILITIES
Emissions of VOC from graphic arts facilities are determined by using population data
and emission factors from the EPA Procedures document (EPA-450/4-91-016). Other sources of
information used in the estimation procedure should be clearly referenced.
Graphic arts facilities with VOC emissions of greater than 10 but less than 100 tons per
year are considered point sources and are subtracted from area source estimates. Facilities with
emissions greater than 100 tons per year should not be subtracted because they have already been
excluded from the emission factors.
The following example shows how the procedure for estimating emissions for a single
county may be documented. Note that if county population data are given elsewhere in the
inventory report and they are properly referenced, the information need not be repeated here.
However, the appropriate table or page number where the information is located must be
indicated.
jei/iip 5-14
-------
Procedure for Estimating VOC Emissions from Graphic Arts Facilities in County A
Emissions of VOC from graphic arts facilities in County A were estimated using the
recommended approach outlined in the EPA Procedures document based on population.
According to U.S. Census data, the 1990 population of County A was 450,000. An emission
factor of 1.3 pounds of VOC per person was applied, as indicated in the EPA Procedures
document. From these data, VOC emissions were estimated as follows:
Total VOC
emissions in - (450,000 persons) (1.3 Ib VOCfpersonfyr)
County A
- 585,000 Ibs (293 tons) VOCfyr
Four graphic arts facilities with emissions of less than 100 tons of VOC per year in
1990 are located in County A. According to the State point source inventory, these four
facilities combined emitted a total of 160 tons of VOC in 1990. This amount was subtracted
from the unadjusted County A. total of 293 tons to obtain an adjusted total as follows:
Adjusted Total VOCs emitted in County A in 1990 • 293 - 160
- 133 tons VOCIyr
Therefore, 1990 emissions of VOC in County A equaled 133 tons/yr.
A seasonal activity factor (ACF) was used to convert annual emissions to daily
emissions (tons per day) during the ozone season. The ACF represents the number of days of
emissions per week from graphics arts facilities (5 days per week) and any seasonal fluctuation
in production (1.0 = uniform distribution). These factors were obtained from the EPA
Procedures document.
ACF - (1.0) (5 days per week) (52 weeks per year)
- 260 days per year
jes/iip 5-15
-------
Ozone season day VOC emissions - (133 tons per year VOC) \ year \
\2QQ days)
- 0.51 tons of VOC
Therefore, VOC emitted from area graphic arts facilities in County A equaled 0.51 tons per
ozone season day in 1990.
5.6 EMISSIONS FROM CUTBACK ASPHALT USE
Emissions of VOC from cutback asphalt use must be estimated for each nonattainment
county. Because VOC emissions from cutback asphalt use are different for different types of
asphalt, the weight of each asphalt type used must be determined. The quantity of each type of
asphalt used must be provided on a per volume basis. The volume of each asphalt type must
then be converted to weight by using the densities of the different asphalt types and their
components. The sources of information for total asphalt use and use by type should be clearly
•• • •
referenced in the inventory report.
The following example shows how the information for obtaining VOC emissions from
cutback asphalt use in one county can be presented. Total State VOC emissions were
apportioned to the county level on a vehicle-mile-travelled (VMT) basis. However, other
methods may be used. Example documentation is shown below.
Procedure for Estimating VOC Emissions from Cutback Asphalt Use in County A
Emissions of VOC from cutback asphalt use in County A were estimated by first
determining total 1990 cutback asphalt usage. This information was obtained from the Asphalt
Institute in Washington, D.C. According to the Institute, 3,871 tons of cutback asphalt were
used in County A in 1990.
jei/iip 5*16
-------
Total State cutback asphalt use - 3,871 tons * f2'000 **] * f°'45 **\
\ ton ) ( Ib )
- 3,483,900 kgfyr
XYZ Company, a State highway construction contractor, was contacted for information on the
amounts of different types of cutback asphalt used in the State. According to XYZ, 90 percent
(by volume) of the asphalt used in the State in 1990 was rapid cure, and 10 percent (by
volume) was medium cure. No slow cure was used in the State in 1990.
Each type of asphalt has a different diluent density. The densities for each asphalt type
were obtained from AP-42. The EPA Procedures document notes that the average diluent
content of cutback asphalt is 35 percent. This information was used to calculate the density of
the combined cement and diluent and then the volume of each type of asphalt used. Once the
volume and density of each asphalt type were known, tons used could be determined. Total use
on a per volume basis was calculated as follows.
Densities from AP-42:
•• • •
Cement density = 1.1 kg/t
Rapid Cure diluent density = 0.7 kg/t
Medium Cure diluent density =0.8 kg/t
Rapid Cure Density (Diluent and Cement)
- f
(
(0.35) + U * (0.65) - °
t diluent) l cement)
Medium Cure Density (Diluent and Cement)
. { Jlfc.) (0.35) * Uii.) (0.65)
(i diluent) (t cement)
jes/iip 5-17
-------
The total weight of asphalt used was calculated using the following procedures.
Total asphalt m ( Volume of} ( Density of\ + ( Volume of \( Density of
weight " {Rapid Cure) {Rapid Cure) {Medium Cure) {Medium Cure)
3483900 to - f VobaM °A I0'96 **} + ( VobaM °f } ( °-99S k*\
3,483,900 kg ^pid Curg) ^ — J + (Mgdium CureJ ^ - - - J
3483.900 ft* - 9 f Volume °f] ( °'96 ^1 * f Vobime °f \ ( °'"5
3,483^00 ^g 9 ^^ Cur
-------
Therefore, total weight of medium cure diluent used statewide = 101,245 kg/yr.
From AP-42, it was determined that 95 percent of rapid cure diluent and 70 percent of
medium cure diluent evaporates as VOC. VOC emissions for each type of diluent were
calculated using the following equations:
Rapid Cure:
808,692 kg diluent * ('9S ** VOC\ - 768,257 kg VOC
\ kg diluent)
Medium Cure:
101,245 kg diluent * f0'70 ** VOC\ - 70,872 kg VOC
\ kg diluent )
Total 1990 VOC emissions for the State were determined by adding the emissions from
rapid cure and medium cure diluents and converting them to tons of VOC emitted as follows:
839,129 „ voc
Therefore, total 1990 VOC emissions from cutback asphalt paving in the State equaled
923 tons.
Total State emissions were apportioned to County A according to the percentage of VMT
in that county. According to the State Department of Transportation, total State VMT in 1990
5-19
-------
were 35,000,000 and total County A VMT were 456,000. VOC emissions for County A were
calculated as follows:
Total State VMT - 35,000,000 miles
County VMT - 456,000 miles
(Total VOC\
County VOC emissions
emissions
State VMT
* (County VMT)
m (939 tons VOC}
I 35.000.000 J
- 12.23 tons of VOC
Therefore, total 1990 VOC emissions in County A from cutback asphalt use equaled 12.2 tons
per year.
Cutback asphalt application is not prohibited in the summer in the State, so no seasonal
adjustment factor was applied to total VOC emissions. No weekly activity factor is given in the
EPA Procedures document, so. a 5-day-per-week activity factor was assumed. The amount of
VOCs emitted on a typical ozone season day was estimated using the following equation:
VOCs emitted per m (emissions} (I week\ f 1 year \
ozone season day " (per year) ( 5 days) \S2 weeks)
(.0038)
yr )
- 0.047 tons per day
Therefore, VOC emissions in County A from cutback asphalt use equaled 94 pounds/day for a
typical ozone season day.
5-20
-------
5.7 APPLICATION OF PESTICIDES
In this example, the sample procedures that could be used to estimate emissions of VOC
from the application of pesticides to crops are documented. Emissions numbers were calculated
for the use of one pesticide, Atrazine, on two different crops: corn and sorghum. This example
is a simplified version of what is likely to be needed for areas with a large amount of agricultural
activity where more than one pesticide is likely to be used. Generally, data on pesticide use are
hard to obtain, so the preferred emissions estimate approach becomes one that is linked to the
amount of crops grown in the county. County Extension Agents or State university agriculture
departments can be contacted to identify the types of pesticides used on a given crop and their
application rates.
Procedure for Estimating VOC Emissions from Application of Atrazine in County A
In order to determine emissions from Atrazine use, the primary crops treated with this
pesticide were first identified. Corn and sorghum crops used the largest amount of Atrazine
•• • •
according to the County Agricultural Extension Service. The methodology used to estimate
emissions involved determining the number of acres in corn and sorghum in County A, the
amount of Atrazine applied to the crops, and the reactive fractions of both the active and
inactive components of the pesticide.
The acreage devoted to corn and sorghum crops for the County in 1990 was determined
from data from the State Department of Agriculture (State Crop Statistics. 1990). In 1990,
150 acres were devoted to sorghum production and 500 acres were devoted to corn production.
It was estimated that Atrazine was used on 56 percent of the corn crops and on 73 percent of
the sorghum crops. The average usage rate of Atrazine was 3.8 pounds per acre on corn crops
and 4 pounds per acre on sorghum crops.
Total corn acreage m Q ^ (5QQ
using Atrazine ^ ' ^ '
• 280 acres of corn treated with Atrazine
jet/tip S-2I
-------
m 109.5 acres of sorghum treated with Atrazine
Total Atrazine m mQ 3.9 Ibs
used on corn (28° Acres>
- 1,064 Ibs of Atrazine used in 1990
Total Atrazine /1fta-
used on sorghum ' (109'5
• 438 Ibs of Atrazine used in 1990
Total amount of Atrazine used on all crops - 1,502 Ibs
Emission factors were determined by computing a weighted sum of the proportions of
active and inert ingredients; the reactive fractions served as weights. The State Agricultural
Extension Agent at State University provided the following information:
Percent active ingedients for Atrazine - 47%
Reactive fraction of active ingredients - 90%.
Percent inactive ingedients for Atrazine • 53%
Reaction fraction of inactive ingredients - 60%.
Emissions from Total amount of (Q 4- (Q ^ Total amount of (Q 53. (Q ^
Atrazine Atrazine used (QAT> (a90) Atrazine used (0'53) (0'b0)
- 635 + 478
- 1,113 Ibs VOC
jes/iip 5-22
-------
Therefore, total 1990 emissions from the use ofAtrazine in the County were 1,113 Ibs VOC/yr.
From the EPA Procedures document, the seasonal adjustment factor for pesticide use
is 1.3 and the number of activity days per week is six.
Ozone season (Total Atrazine \ / , x /« , x
daify VOC emissions - \VOC emissions] (1.3) I 1 year } f1 week\
from Atrazine use \ per year } \52 weeks) \6 days)
- (1,113 Ibs VOC) (1.3) (0.0032)
- 4.6 Ibs of VOC emitted
Therefore, the total daily VOC emissions form Atrazine use in County A per ozone season day
is 4.6 Ibs or 0.0023 tons/day.
5.8 EMISSIONS FROM COMMERCIAL/CONSUMER SOLVENT USE
I The example in this section shows how to document the procedure for estimating VOC
emissions from commercial/consumer solvent use by using a per capita emission factor.
Procedure for Estimating VOC Emissions from Commercial/Consumer Solvent Use in
County A
Emissions from commercial/consumer solvent use were determined using the emissions-
per-capita method described in Section 4.3.8 of the EPA Procedures document. Emissions
were calculated for a typical ozone season day.
County population statistics were obtained from the Ozoneville Department of Human
Statistics publication Ozoneville Population Growth Rates and Projections - County level
Analysis. This publication estimated 1990 population in County A to be 450,000 people. A
yearly emission factor of 6.3 Ibs of VOC emitted per person from commercial/consumer solvent
use was obtained from the EPA Procedures document. This emission factor was used with the
total population to determine yearly VOC emissions as follows:
jet/sip 5-23
-------
Yearly VOC emitted
from CommercialJConsumer m I County | (6.3 1b VOC\
solvent use in {population) ^ person }
the County
- (450,000 persons) (6.3 Ib VOCIpersonfyr)
- 2,835,000 Ibs VOC emitted/yr
• 1,418 tons VOC emittedfyr
Therefore, 1,418 tons/yr of VOC from commercial/consumer solvent use were emitted in
County A in 1990.
According to the EPA Procedures document, VOC art emitted from solvent use in a
uniform manner for the whole year. Emissions for a typical ozone season day were calculated
as follows:
• 0.37 tons VOC emitted/day
Therefore, 0.37 tons VOC/day were emitted in County A from commercial/consumer solvent
use for a typical ozone season day in 1990.
5.9 ORCHARD HEATERS
Some area source categories may be applicable to a given nonattainment area, but are
either not present in large enough quantities to produce significant emissions, or may not have
been used in 1990. These facts should be noted in the inventory report. The following example
shows how to document a category that is believed to be negligible or nonexistent.
je«/«p 5-24
-------
According to the State Department of Agriculture, orchard heaters were not used in the
inventory counties during 1990. This fact was confirmed through telephone calls to the
County A Agricultural Extension Agent. The Extension Agent indicated that orchard heaters
are not used in the County because hard freezing, not just borderline freezing, weather can
occur. Under these conditions, orchard heaters fail to warm a sufficient volume of air to save
a cold-sensitive crop. Therefore, emissions from orchard heaters were estimated as zero.
5.10 WOODSTOVES AND FIREPLACES
This example illustrates documentation for a CO emission category. In the following
example, County A has had a regulation banning uncertified stoves since 1988. Because CO
emissions depend on stove type, the State used a survey to estimate both the number of
woodstoves and fireplaces in County A as well as stove type. This example is for an inventory
in a County that is nonattainment for CO. For an ozone inventory, woodstove and fireplace
emissions may be negligible because the ozone season is usually in the summer.
A mail survey was developed for estimating CO emissions from woodstoves and
fireplaces using methods suggested in the Guidance Document for Residential Wood
Combustion Emission Control Measures (EPA-450/2-89-015). Survey data were used to
estimate the percentage of homes in County A burning wood and the average amount of wood
burned in a season. It was assumed that the survey results were representative of County A as
a whole, and thus were applied to the entire County.
The CO emission factors for fireplace and woodstove use were given for tons of wood
burned, requiring that the survey data, in cords, be converted to tons of wood using a formula
from the EPA wood combustion guidance document. Once the total amount of wood burned
was determined, the amount of wood burned in fireplaces and woodstoves was calculated.
When the amount of wood burned in woodstoves in County A was known, the average wood
use per stove type was calculated. Total CO emissions were then determined for each
woodstove type and fireplaces for the 1989-1990 heating season. Rule effectiveness was applied
je»/iip 5-25
-------
to certified woodstove emissions. A seasonal adjustment was used to calculate CO emissions
for a typical CO season day.
The following survey results were assumed to be representative of County A wood use:
• 14% of the respondents burn wood;
• The average amount of wood burned was .25 cords per household;
• 60% of the wood burned was used in fireplaces;
• 40% of the wood burned was used in woodstoves;
• 20% of woodstoves are non-certified; and
• 80% of woodstoves are certified, and of these:
65% are non-catalytic woodstoves
35% are catalytic woodstoves.
According to County A tax records, there are approximately 28,600 single-family homes
in the County. Fourteen percent (4,004) of County A's homes are assumed to have burned
wood in 1989-1990. Jf 0.25 cord of wood were burned per home, then approximately
1,000 cords of wood were burned in the 1989-1990 heating season.
The density of the wood burned was needed to convert cords of wood to tons of wood.
Wood density differs with wood type. The survey found that about 50 percent of the wood
burned was white oak, 40 percent hickory, and 10 percent southern pine. A composite density
was determined for the wood burned in County A. Wood density information was obtained
from Appendix A ofAP-42. A conversion factor, (the volume of a cord of solid wood =
80 ft*/cord), from the EPA wood combustion guidance document, was used with wood densities
to convert cords to tons.
jea/lip 5-26
-------
Density of wood burned • 50% (white oak) + 40% (hickory) +10% (southern pine)
0.50
0.40
0.10
47.2 ffis
Conversion Equation Examples:
Fireplace ( Total number \
average yearly - of cords burnedl *
wood use \ per year )
Percent of \ ( Volume of\ ( Density of
wood burnedl * a cord of * the types of
in fireplaces) \solidwood) \woodburned
- (1000 Cords) * (0.60) * \^-\ * [1L2.
( cord ) ( ft*
2,265,600 Ibs / j ton \
• wood used * I .. I
, t to
V2QOO
in fireplaces
1,133 ro/is woodfyr used in fireplaces
Woodstove
average yearly
wood use
Total number
of cords burned
per year
in woodstoves
'Volume of\ I Density of '
a cord of\*\the types of
solid wood) {wood burned;
- (400 cor
-------
Emission Calculations:
Total I Total amount
emissions from - o/wood
fireplaces \ in fireplact
mount \ ( Emission\ /-, . , , \
burned] [factor far] (Conversion factor 1 ton\
-------
Amount of wood burned by certified stoves:
of \ (Total
*
Non-catalytic - (0.80) (0.65) * 755 - 393 fo/w of wood burned
Catalytic - (0.80) (0.35) * 755 • 211 tons of wood burned
Control efficiencies for each stove type were obtained by calculating the ratio of the control
emission factor to the non-control emission factor.
100 -
270 reduction 270 reduction
The CO emission factors, by stove type, are summarized below:
Stove Type Emission Factor Control Efficiency (%)
Fireplace " " 170 Ib CO/ton wood 0
Non-certified stoves:'
Conventional non-catalytic 270 Ib CO/ton wood 0
Certified stoves:
Non-catalytic 260 Ib CO/ton wood 3.7
1 Catalytic 78 Ib CO/ton wood 71
Emission calculation for conventional non-certified woodstoves:
(151
I ton wood
20.4 tons CO/yr
jes/sip 5-29
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Rule effectiveness was factored into the emission estimate asfoOows:
Certified non-catalytic stove emissions:
( WnnA \ (Uncontrolled]
" (burned) * emission * [^Control Efficiency) (0.80 Rule Effectiveness)]
^ \ factor )
(393 tons of wood) f270 tt CO\ * [1-(.037) (0.80)]
\ ton wood )
• 51.5 tons of COIyr
Catalytic stove emissions:
(Uncontrolled]
* mission * [1 -(Co/tiro/ Efficiency)] (0.80 Rule Effectiveness)
\ factor )
- (211 tons of wood) {2™ tt CO] * [1-(.71) (.80)]
^ ton wood )
- 24,611 /As o/ CO
1 fon
.OOO
- 12.3 tons of COfyr
Total emissions were calculated by adding together the emissions from each stove type
and fireplace emissions:
Total p. . Emissions from Emissions from Emissions from
emissions from • fir*Place + non-certified * non-catalytic + catalytic
County A emisswns woodstoves certified stoves woodstoves
je*/>ip . 5-30
-------
- (96 tons CO) + (20.4 tons CO) + (51.5 tons CO) + (12.3 tons CO)
emissions
-180 tons CO per year
The total yearly CO emissions were adjusted to represent typical daily emissions during
the CO season. The State assumed that 70 percent of the yearly wood combustion occurred
between November and February (120 days). The Seasonal Adjustment Factor (SAF) was
calculated according to Section 5.8.4 of the Procedures document.
SAF
% of wood
burned in season
season length >
(12-month period)
\ -CT /
[ ('70) 1 * (12 months)
[4 months]
2.1
CO Emissions for a Typical CO Season Dav
Yearly *
emissions
(SAF)
(Numberof}
activity days
week
(52 weeks)
180 tons CO *
yr
1.04 tons CO
day
(2.1)
TJays}
week )
jes/tip
5-31
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SECTION 6
NON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
This section of the guidance document provides instructions and examples for
documenting VOC, NOX, and CO emission from non-road mobile sources. The categories that
are specified for inclusion in an emission inventory report, as given in the EPA guidance
document Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation. Volume IV: Mobile Sources
(EPA-450/4-81-026d), are:
• Aircraft;
• Locomotives;
• Agricultural equipment;
• Industrial equipment;
• Construction equipment;
• Lawn and garden equipment;
• Marine vessels (commercial and recreational);
• Non-road motorcycles; and
• Snowmobiles.
In February 1992, EPA's Office of Mobile Sources (QMS) announced that it would
prepare 1990 base year emission estimates for selected non-road categories for extreme, serious,
severe, and moderate nonattainment areas. The categories to be addressed included all of the
primary non-road source types except aircraft, locomotives, and commercial vessels.
Example documentation is given below for the agricultural equipment (Section 6.2) and
locomotive (Section 6.3) non-road categories. The examples indicate the minimum level of
documentation that should be provided to support non-road emission estimates.
jcs/sip 6-1
-------
6.1 INTRODUCTION
The introduction to the non-road mobile sources section should identify which source
categories are addressed in the inventory. If a source category from the EPA's list of categories
was not included in the inventory, this needs to be specified and a reason given for the omission.
The introduction should specify whether any OMS estimates were used in the inventory
report or whether the State determined any or all of its own emission estimates. If OMS
estimates were used and documentation for the OMS values is available, the documentation
should also be included.
6.2 AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT EMISSIONS
Emissions from agricultural equipment result from fuel combustion; therefore, county-
specific information on fuel use for this type of equipment is needed in order to use AP-42
emission factors to estimate emissions. The documentation should include fuel use data and
identify the source of the data...
Typically, fuel use data are derived. The derivation procedure and associated references
must be clearly documented. Such documentation should begin by describing the approach used
to estimate emissions and by presenting the county-specific data with references. If the approach
outlined in the EPA mobile sources document (EPA-450/4-81-026d) is used, the county-specific
information should include:
• Equipment counts;
• Cultivated acres; and
• The ratio of gasoline use to diesel use for 1990, if different from the year
in which the equipment counts were made.
An example of how this information can be presented is given below.
jes/sip 6-2
-------
To determine whether fuel use data for agricultural equipment were available, the
State FGH Department of Commerce was contacted. The Department representative indicated
that data specific to agricultural use are not collected (Ref. 1). Therefore, emissions were
estimated using guidance provided in the EPA Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation
Volume IV: Mobile Sources (EPA-450/4-51-026d).
The 1987 Census of Agriculture was used for equipment counts (Ref. 2). These data
are summarized by county in Table 6-1. Information on the percent of equipment that is
gasoline-powered and the percent that is diesel-powered was determined from figures provided
in AP-42. AP-42 does not differentiate between the different types of general purpose
equipment, or between the two sizes of tractors that the Census of Agriculture tracks; therefore,
the percentages for the category were applied.
Both county agricultural extension services in the nonattainment area were contacted to
determine the number of cultivated acres so that equipment counts could be extrapolated from
1987 to 1990 (Refs. 3, 4). Data on cultivated acres in State FGH are summarized in Table 6-2.
»• • •
References:
1. Telecon. A. Smith, State FGH Air Quality Division, with B. Jones, State FGH
Department of Commerce. November 10, 1991.
2. U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1987 Census of Agriculture.
Volume 1 Geographic Area series Part 33 State Y State and County Data. Issued July
1989. pp. xx.
3. Telecon. A. Smith, A, State FGH Air Quality Division, with T. Brown, Reporting
Company. November 10, 1991.
4. Telecom. A. Smith, State FGH Air Quality Division, with T. Brown, Reporting
Company. November 10, 1991.
jes/»ip 6-3
-------
I
TABLE 6-1. AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT COUNTS FOR STATE FGI1 IN 1987
*^r
Combines
Balers
Harvesters
f*
SO
100
0
T»?»
^KK&p " ?i> "'
•^•WRRfll
so
0
100
Count? A
rt ' Pure****
v-k"""" •LJ-JJL L
- WM7
13
22
0
B.fof.83
87
248
0
CouWyA
too
270
0
Numbaof
SO
270
'o
Number of
ta
SO
0
0
County B
Purcba-d
19W-87
19
46
0
B*fe*»«3
39
237
0
Tout
for
CooigyB
58
283
0
Number of
powered U>
29
283
0
Number of
powered in
County B
»
0
0
Total
79
SS3
0
f
79
0
0
GENERAL PURPOSE:
Cotton pickers
Mower conditioners
Motortrucks
TRACTORS:
Less than 40HP
40HP or more
so
so
so
so
so
so
70
70
30
30
27
28
136
0
171
96S
25
66
S96
631
27
199
1,101
14
1*00
SSI
621
697
43S
488
14
100
SSI
48
48
238
0
138
S9I
48
186
829
24
93
415
24
93
415
38
193
96S
38
193
96S
186
209
33
85
2S9
406
292
491
204
344
88
147
Nonlracior Equipment
Traclur
Total Equipment
639
832
1.827
1.471
3.298
274
356
1.274
630
1.904
NOTES:
1987 Cenuu of Agriculture doei not list tuuveilert.
AP-42 does not differentinto between the general purpose equipment types; therefore, the perccnts for gasoline und dicsel use were applied to all types.
AP-42 does not indicate the percent of tractors that are gasoline vs. diecel by horsepower.
-------
TABLE 6-2. CULTIVATED ACRES IN STATE FGH
County
A
B
TOTAL
! Cultivated Acres ;
1987*
44,138
37,803
81,941
i9903»*
39,340
36,103
75,443
The 1990 fuel use per acre cultivated is derived from the equipment counts, annual fuel
use data, average annual fuel throughput for agricultural equipment [Table 3-2 of the EPA mobile
sources document (EPA-450/4-81-026d], and the number of cultivated acres. Each step in the
calculation and the appropriate references should be included in the emission inventory report.
An example of how to present fuel use is shown in Table 6-3 and in the following paragraphs.
The 1987 fuel use by agricultural equipment was estimated using the 1987 equipment
shown in Table 6-1 and the average annual fuel use data provided in the EPA mobile sources
-. . •
document (EPA-450/4-81-026d) (see Table 6-3). Diesel use was adjusted by a factor of 1.4 to
normalize the diesel and gasoline uses on an equivalent energy basis, according to the
instructions in the mobile sources document.
Because of the similarity in the number of acres farmed in 1987 and in 1990 and the
expense of new equipment, it is unlikely that the ratio of gasoline-to-diesel use would have
changed during that time. It was therefore assumed that the ratio in 1990 remained the same
as in 1987. Total 1990 fuel use was estimated by calculating the 1987 fuel use per acre and
multiplying this value by the number of acres cultivated in 1990, as shown below:
jes/sip
6-5
-------
TABLE 6-3. STATE FGH FUEL USE IN 1987
Combines
™^^»^—•—•
Bailers
•• • ••'
Harvesters
GENERAL PURPOSE:
1
Cotton Pickers
•
Mower Conditioners
_^—————
Motortrucks
~
TRACTORS:
_ ._ -
Less than 40HP
—^——^-^^^-
40HP or more
6,600
33,880
™^—^^-^™
169,840
399,894
—^^^—^^-—^
520,344
===
920,238
•««^—^—^™
124,368
===
1,044,606
1,460 I 639
1,460 I 832
1987 Tractor Fuel Use
—
1987 Fuel Use by Other Equipment
Total 1987 Fuel Use
728,482
=====
1,288,333
• —
174,115
—=====:
1,462,448
NOTES:
1987 Census of Agriculture does not list harvesters.
does not prov.de fuel u» for each type of genera, purpose equipment or for the d.fferen, tractor s12es.
The Procedures document
-------
Tort 1987 JW «.
(1987 cultivated acres)
m (total 1987 gasoline use + 1987 diesel use)
(81,941 acres)
. (U29,476 + 1.462.448 gals)
81,941 acres
. (2,691,924 gals)
81,941 acres
• 32.9 gals per acre
Total 1990 fuel use - (rota/ 1987 /ue/ use per acre) (1990 cultivated acres)
• 32.9 gals per acre x 75,443 acres
- 2,482,075 gals
.».
Once the 1990 fuel use has been estimated, it must be allocated into four uses:
(1) gasoline-powered tractors, (2) diesel-powered tractors, (3) gasoline-powered "nontractors"
(i.e., other agricultural equipment), and (4) diesel-powered "nontractors." If data are unavailable
for the inventory year, the assumptions made in using data from other years must be clearly
stated. Each step in the allocation procedure should be shown. An example of how the
documentation may be provided is given below.
The amount of fuel used by tractors compared to other agricultural equipment was also
derived assuming the ratio of fuel use by the two categories of equipment for both fuel types
remained Out same in 1990 as it was in 1987. Using the data from Table 6-3, fuel use by type
was calculated as follows:
jes/stp 6-7
-------
1990 gasoline use - (1990 fuel use) gasoline use\
19*1 fuel use )
m (2,482,075 gals) - ——
5 U.691,924 gals)
- 2,482,075 gals x 0.46
- 1,141,755 gals
1990 diesel use - 1990 fuel use - 1990 gasoline use
- 2,482,075 gals • 1,141,755 gals
- 1,340,320 gals
1990 gasoline ,,00^ - - i •• ^ M987 gasoline use by tractors}
use by'tractors ' <1990 «*« ***" ^ * ( u>L mi gasoline use }
- 1,340,320 gals x ( 915>™ ** }
(1229,416 gals)
- r340,320r>flZs x 0.79
- 1,058,853 gals
1990 gasoline use m total 1990 1990 tractor
by other equipment gasoline use ~ use of gasoline
- 1,340320 gals - 1,058,853 gals
- 281,467 gals
jes/sip 6-8
-------
1990 diesel
use by tractors
- (1990 total diesel use) x
1987 diesel \
use by tractors
total 1987 diesel use,
- 1,340,320 gals * f ***** **]
U.462,448 gals)
- 1,340,320 gals x 0.88
- 1,179,482 gals
1990 diesel ^ iggQ 1990 diesel
use by other - 4^™ ' ^ ^ other
equipment equipment
- 1,340,320 gals • 1,179,482 gals
- 160,838 gals
The emission estimation procedure should show the fuel use by tractors and other
agricultural equipment separately and the emission factors that were applied. The AP-42
emission factors are available for hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen
oxides (NOX); therefore, speciation information is needed to determine VOC emissions. From
EPA documents on VOC speciation, the fraction of the total HC emissions that are reactive VOC
is 0.9S for diesel-powered equipment and 0.97 for gasoline-powered equipment.
Once the annual emissions have been estimated, they must be temporarily allocated to
establish emissions on typical ozone season and CO season days. The data on farming activity
used to drive these daily emissions should be clearly documented and referenced as shown below.
Agricultural activity in State FCH begins in early April and continues through October,
a total of seven months. Although equipment use may occur only during certain portions of
this time provide, the county agricultural extension services could not provide more specific
jet/rip 6-9
-------
information on use because different crops are put in at different times. Therefore, equipment
use was considered to be continuous throughout this period.
The seasonal adjustment factor for the ozone season (June, July, and August) was
based on constant operation of equipment during the seven-month agricultural activity period.
Thus, the seasonal adjustment factor is:
±2*12-1.7
The seasonal adjustment factor for the CO season (December, January, and February)
is zero because no agricultural equipment is used during these months.
To approximate daily emissions, the work week was assumed to be six days. Emissions
for a typical ozone season day were calculated as follows:
VOC emissions - (316'796 ^ * L7 - 1,726 Ibs/day
(6 days/wk x 52 wks/yr)
CO emissions' (4.399.303 Ibslyr) x 1.7 m 23<>n lbslday
(6 days/wk x 52 wks/yr)
NO, emissions- (642.104 Ibsfyr) x 1.7 . 3>499
(6 daysfwk x 52 wks/yr)
The HC evaporative loss emission factor requires that the equipment counts rather than
the fuel use be known. The information used to derive base year equipment counts should be
clearly shown. The resulting tractor emissions and emissions from other agricultural equipment
should then be summed to determine annual pollutant-specific emissions from this source
jes/sip 6-10
-------
category. Table 6-4 provides one way in which the emission estimation procedure can be
presented.
6.3 LOCOMOTIVE EMISSIONS
Original guidance for estimating emissions from locomotives was contained in Chapter 6
of the EPA mobile sources document (EPA-450/4-81-026d). This chapter has been significantly
revised and the Final Draft version has been available since the end of 1991. The revisions are
incorporated into an updated Volume IV mobile sources document, which should be distributed to
the EPA Regional Offices in March of 1992. The emission inventory documentation should state
whether the revised estimation procedures were used. If not, the alternative source of
information should be provided, along with a justification for its use.
If the revised estimation procedures were used, they should be discussed and any
deviations noted and justified. For instance, the estimation procedures provide a recommended
method for estimating emissions, as well as an alternative method and specific tailoring options.
i
The inventory documentation should discuss any alternative method or specific tailoring options
used.
The EPA mobile sources document classifies railroads into three categories according to
size (based on revenues): Class I, Class II, and Class III. Locomotives within each railroad
class are further divided into two categories: line haul locomotives, which perform line haul
operations, generally traveling between distant locations; and yard (or switch) locomotives, which
perform yard operations, primarily moving railcars within a particular railway yard.
For the purpose of estimating emissions, railroads are separated into three categories:
(1) Class I Line Haul Locomotives, (2) Class II and Class III Line Haul Locomotives, and
(3) Yard Operations. Different methods are used to estimate emissions from each category;
therefore, each category should be discussed separately.
jes/sip 6-11
-------
TABLE 6-4. EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT
|9M
1.151
EshweHC
12)
HCBmtata,
25.1
Ev«fW«JW
34.4
CO&iiiMkw
3.260
NO, Emiuwo
ISI
TcUIHC
192.913
T««MC
0.97
ToUlVOC
630
5«0
607
119
71.202
I.S27
I.Ml
115
27.1
1.5
4.100
105
47.172
45.757
1.174
1.172
57.1
00
210
9.942
0.952
9.465
Total
121.229
316.776
NOTES:
Emi**"" boon tie ufcca from AP-42.
Out oa nadivc VOC (ncuoa of wul HC cmiuioot wtre uUua bom EPA rtornmrnli: Voluik Ottmic Compound (VOC) Spccid Oau Muuul (EPA-45O/7-8O41I5) >od Air Emiuiom Specie. Muuul Volume I. Voblik Or(utic Specks Profile.
-------
For Class I locomotives, traffic density and a fuel consumption index must be determined.
A description of how these were determined and the sources of data should be provided, along
with a list of the emission factors used and an example calculation. For Class II and Class III
locomotives, a description of how fuel consumption was determined and an example emission
estimation calculation should be provided.
The yard operations discussion should include a list of the railway yards contacted and the
number of yard locomotives at each yard. Again, the emission factors used should be listed and
an example calculation shown.
Emissions from all three categories should be converted from annual to daily emissions.
Because railroad activity is generally constant throughout the year, annual emissions can be
divided by 365 days to obtain daily emissions.
An example of how the locomotive emissions documentation might be presented is shown
below. The example is for one county and one pollutant (CO). Emissions for other counties and
pollutants would be done the same way. Total annual emissions are converted to daily emissions
at the end of the example below.
Locomotive Emissions
For estimating locomotive emissions in Train County, EPA's Final Draft version of
Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation. Volume IV: Mobile Sources, issued to the
EPA Regional Offices in March of 1992, was used.
Class I Line Haul Locomotives-Class I emissions were calculated by multiplying fuel
consumption by an appropriate emission factor. The determination of Class I fuel consumption
and the source of the appropriate emission factor are discussed below. Fuel consumption was
jes/sip 6-13
-------
obtained by dividing the traffic density in gross ton miles (GTM) by the fuel consumption index
in GTM per gallon (GTM/ gal), as shown below:.
Fuel consumption = Traffic density/fuel consumption index
Only one Class I railroad system operates in the inventory area. This system is owned
and operated by Company A. Traffic density for the entire state was obtained directly from the
Association of American Railroads in Washington, D.C. Because the traffic density obtained
was for the entire state, Company A was contacted to determine where Train County
boundaries intersected the track segments. The Class I Train County traffic density, excluding
locomotive weight, was 1,117,047,000 GTM.
The Interstate Commerce Commission's (ICC) annual "R-l" report was obtained for
Company A data. Copies of Schedules 750 and 755 are shown in Table 6-5. Annual fuel
consumption from line 1 of Schedule 750 is 48,007,195 gal. Because traffic density excluded
locomotive weight, total gross ton miles were obtained by subtracting tine 98 from line 104 of
Schedule 755: 24,703,611,000 GTM. Therefore, the fuel consumption index for Company A
is:
24.703,611.000 GTM m 515 GTM
48,007,195 gal " gal
As documented previously, the fuel consumption is obtained by dividing the traffic
density by the fuel consumption index. Therefore, fuel consumption for Class I line haul
locomotives in Train County equals 2,169,025 gallons:
- '."7.047,000 <™ . 2.169.025 gal
515 GTM per gal
jes/sip 6-14
-------
TABLE 6-5. SCHEDULES 750 AND 755 FROM R-l REPORT FOR COMPANY A, 1990.
750. CONSUMPTION OF DIESEL FUEL
(Dollar* in Thousands)
LOCOMOTIVE
Kind of locomotive service
Line
No. (a)
1. Freight
2. Passenger
3. Yard switching
4. Total
5. COST OF FUEL $(000)
6. Work Train
Diesel
Diesel oil (gallons)
(b)
. 48,007, 195
Line
No.
1
2
1,186,448
49,193,643
35.786
11,978
3
4
5
6
755. RAILROAD OPERATING STATISTICS - Concluded
Line No.
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
Cross
Check
Item Descriptions
(a)
6. Gross Ton-Miles (thousands) (K)
6-01 Road Locomotive
6-02 Freight Trains, Crs., Cnts., and Caboose
6-020 Unit Trains
6-021 Way Trains
6-022 Through Trains
6-03 Passenger-Trains, Crs., & Cnts.
6-04 Non-Revenue
6-05 TOTAL (lines 98- 103)
Freight
Train
xxxxxxx
3,659,794
xxxxxxx
1,572,037
608,216
20,733,165
1,790,193
28,363,405
Passenger
Train
(c)
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
xxxxxx
XXX XXX
xxxxxx
Line
No.
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
-------
From the EPA Procedures, the CO emission factor is 0.0626 Ibs/gal. Class I emissions
were obtained by multiplying fuel consumption by the emission factor.
Class I emissions - (2,169,025 gal) f0'0626 lbs] f-
( gal ) (2,0
2,000 lbs
67.9 tons per year
Therefore, 1990 Class I line haul locomotive emissions for Train County were 67.9 tons per
year.
Class II and HI Line Haul Locomotives— Class II and Class III emissions were also
calculated by multiplying fuel consumption by an emission factor. There are only two Class II
and Class HI railroads in Train County. Both were contacted directly to obtain fuel
consumption data. Representatives from each company verbally communicated fuel
consumption data for their company in Train County, which are given below:
Company B = 57,000 gal
Company C .= 283,500 gal
Total = 340,500 gal
As with Class I line haul locomotives, the CO emission factor from the EPA Procedures
is 0.0626 Ibs/gal. Class II and Class III line haul locomotive emissions were obtained by
multiplying fuel consumption by the emission factor.
Class II and UI emissions - (340,500 gal) f0'0626 lbs] [ 1 *". ]
\ 5*** / \ •*A*^*^* u/A f
- 10.6 tons per year
Therefore, 1990 Class II and Class III line haul locomotive emissions for Train County were
10.6 tons per year.
jes/sip 6-16
-------
Yard Operations-Emissions from yard operations were calculated by multiplying the
number of yard locomotives by annual emissions per yard locomotive. Only three companies
operate rail yards in Train County. Railway yard managers for Companies A, B, and C were
contacted for the number of yard locomotives at each yard in Train County.
Company Number of Yard Locomotives
A 5
B 2
C 4
TOTAL Jl
According to the Procedures, the CO emission factor per locomotive is 7,375 Ibs/yr.
Yard emissions - (11 locomotives) f7'375 lbs] f 1 ton
( yr ) (2,000 lbs
- 40.6 rons per year
Therefore, 1990 yard-operations emissions for Train County were 40.6 tons per year.
Total CO Emissions for Train County
Total annual CO emissions from locomotives in Train County are shown in the second
column below. Because railroad traffic is relatively constant through the year, the seasonal
adjustment factor is 1.0. The annual CO emissions were divided by 365 days per year and the
results are shown in the third column. The 1990 total daily CO emissions for Train County
were 0.33 tons.
Tons CO Per Year Tons CO Per Day
Line haul - Class I 67.9 0.186
Lint haul - Classes 11 & 111 10.6 0.029
Yard Operations 40.6 0.111
TOTAL 119.1 0.326
jes/sip 6-17
-------
SECTION 7
ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
This section of the guidance document provides information and examples for reporting
on-road mobile source emission estimates. The guidance is based on the reporting requirements
for mobile sources as described in the EPA Requirements Documents (EPA-450/4-91-010 and
EPA-450/4-91-011). The section is divided into six subsections: Introduction, VMT Estimation
Procedure, Emission Factor Estimation Procedure, Summary of Emissions From On-Road
Mobile Sources, References, and Appendices. The on-road mobile source section of the emission
inventory report may be organized in the same manner. Each subsection is described below,
along with example tables and figures, to indicate what information should be included in the
base year inventory report.
7.1 INTRODUCTION
, The introduction should describe the pollutants addressed, the geographical area covered,
the vehicle types included, and'how emission estimates were developed. The report should
indicate that MOBILE4.1 was used in conjunction with vehicle miles traveled (VMT) estimates to
produce emission estimates (except for California, where the EMFAC model may be used instead
ofMOBILE4.1).
A brief discussion of on-road emissions should be included in the introduction. This is
most easily accomplished with a figure or table that summarizes emission totals for each pollutant
by county or appropriate geographical area. The summary emission totals should be reported on
both an annual and seasonal daily basis (ozone season, CO season, or both, where applicable).
Tables 7-1 and 7-2 show example summary tables.
The introduction should indicate how the on-road mobile sources sections and appendices
are organized and what information they contain.
jes/sip 7-1
-------
TABLE 7-1. DISTRIBUTION OF ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCE EMISSIONS
BY COUNTY: 1990 OZONE SEASON ESTIMATES
Cc&nfy '
County A
County B
County C
TOTAL
VOCEmissioos*
(to*»/<$ay> ' '"":
80
50
30
160
; NOX Emissions
(tons/day)
35
25
15
75
CO Emissions
(tons/day)
300
250
150
700
a VOC emission estimate includes emissions from vehicle refueling losses.
TABLE 7-2. DISTRIBUTION OF ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCE EMISSIONS
BY COUNTY: 1990 ANNUAL ESTIMATES
County
County A
County B
County C
TOTAL.
VOC BRBS3KW3*
";,. (torn/year) :
25,600
16,000
9,600
51,200
NOX Emissions
(tons/year)
11,200
8,000
4,800
24,000
CO Emissions
(torn/year)
96,000
80,000
48,000
224,000
a VOC emission estimate includes emissions from vehicle refueling losses.
jes/sip
7-2
-------
Lastly, the introduction should identify the primary references used for preparing the
on-road mobile sources inventory. For example:
The main reference sources for preparing the highway vehicle portion of the
inventory were Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation. Volume IV: Mobile
Sources (EPA-450/4-81-026d, Revised July 1989), and User's Guide to MOBILE4.1
(EPA-AA-TEB-91-01, July 1991).
Additional references specific to each subsection on VMT estimates and MOBILE4.1 should be
included in the appropriate sections of the report.
7.2 VMT ESTIMATION PROCEDURE
The subsection on VMT should begin by clearly identifying the primary source of VMT
data for the nonattainment area. For most inventory areas, the source will be a transportation or
planning agency.
i
••• • ••
Next, the specific procedures used to develop VMT for the inventory area should be
discussed. It is not acceptable to simply state that the Department of Transportation, or a similar
agency, ran a transportation planning model and provided the air agency with the VMT numbers.
At a minimum, the following subjects need to be included in the VMT discussion:
• Identification of the agency responsible for developing VMT data;
• Description of the method used to estimate VMT for the nonattainment
area (e.g., traffic counts, network-based model) that:
- Explains how functional classifications (i.e., road types) were
defined for the nonattainment area;
-- Explains how speed estimates were developed for each functional class;
-- Explains any assumptions made in developing the VMT data
(e.g., applying speed estimates to roads not studied);
jea/sip 7-3
-------
— Shows how daily VMT estimates were developed by road type
and vehicle class;
How the VMT data were developed on a county basis;
How VMT were adjusted for the appropriate peak ozone or CO season day;
and
A summary of VMT data for the nonattainment area by road type
classification and by vehicle class.
Additional information presented in the inventory report will be specific to the VMT estimation
procedure used.
Most states will use a VMT estimation procedure based on either traffic count data, a
network-based planning model, or both. The following example describes a traffic count
program.
County A Traffic Count Program
....«*
Traffic counting is done on all designated functional systems, including interstate!,
United States highways, state highways, county/state-aid highways, municipal state-aid streets,
and county roads. All traffic count sampling data are collected in accordance with the
FHWA 's Highway Performance Monitoring System (HPMS) guidance, as described in the
HPMS Field Manual. Certain local roads, including township roads, frontage roads, and
minor roads were not included in the traffic count program; the VMT estimation procedures
used for these roads are discussed later in this section.
Traffic counting is done on a 2-year cycle. About one-half of the counting is done in
1 year, the remaining one-half is completed the following year. Automatic traffic recording
loops are installed across the roadways on which the counts are taken. Short-term counts
(48 hours duration) are taken during the summer on weekdays. By looking at continuous
counts, factors are developed, which are then applied to the 48-hour counts to obtain an
average day count. These factors are described below and include seasonal adjustments and
jes/sip 7-4
-------
annual updates for the base year. After these counts are factored, they are then placed on
work maps and viewed in sequence to determine how accurate and reasonable they are. Once
the daily traffic count estimates are prepared, they are coded and key punched before being
submitted to the computer data base for storage. Summary traffic count data are provided in
Appendix C, Table C-4, of this report.
A summary table of traffic count data should be included. This summary may accompany
the program description or be more appropriately placed in an appendix, as in the above
example.
There must be an explanation in the report of how traffic count data were used to develop
daily VMT for the particular nonattainment season. If an appendix is used for this purpose, the
data in the appendix must clearly tie back to the discussion in the main body of the report.
Alternatively, a State may choose to use a network-based transportation planning model to
estimate VMT for the base year. The following items need to be discussed in the inventory
report:
• The geographic area covered by the model inputs and for which
VMT estimates were generated;
• Trip generation, including the use of appropriate base year
demographic data;
• Trip distribution;
• Mode split;
• Trip assignment; and
• Model outputs, to include VMT generation and speed estimates.
It is difficult to provide specific examples for documenting the use of network-based
transportation planning models because the types of models used and the manner in which they
jes/sip 7-5
-------
are used can vary from state to state; however, some common elements are included in the above
list.
As with traffic counts, a summary of the output from the transportation planning model
should be included. An example summary table is provided in Table 7-3, which shows
information from an Urban Transportation Planning System (UTPS) model run. Again, these
types of tables may be placed in an appendix if they are clearly referenced in the main report.
If a network-based planning model is used to produce VMT estimates, it is critical that
the report clearly explain how the VMT generated for the network region correlates to the VMT
for the nonattainment area. Typically, these two areas are not identical and the report must
explain how VMT is estimated for nonattainment areas not covered by the network-based model.
The description of the methodology used to estimate VMT should match the level of
detail of EPA's Quality Review Guidelines for the 1990 Base Year Emission Inventories
(EPA-450/4-91-022), specifically in regard to the detailed review checklist for VMT estimates.
This document provides detailed review guidelines for on-road mobile sources, and the preparing
agency should refer to this document when assembling the inventory report. The review
checklist included in the Quality Review Guidelines document contains detailed questions
regarding the development of VMT. The inventory report needs to indicate, either through
discussion in the narrative or through clearly delineated references, how each of the review items
were addressed. Many of the detailed review questions ask for data that may be more
appropriately included in an appendix (e.g., model inputs/outputs from a transportation planning
model), or through a clearly designated reference (e.g., the U.S. Census Bureau for population
Data).
Regardless of which VMT estimation procedure is used, there should also be a discussion
in this subsection on how VMT data were adjusted for seasonal variations. For example, the
report should indicate which method was used to adjust VMT data for a typical summer weekday
in an ozone nonattainment inventory. This discussion may include adjustment factors used and
jea/aip 7-6
-------
TABLE 7-3. UTPS VMT SUMMARY DATA
1990
Run ID
Run Date
Base Households
Base Population
Base Employment
Total Trips
Interzonals
Interzonals
T16DHA10 T16DHZUP (reaggregrate facility data)
04/19/90 12/27/90
Survey Report Reference3
74,755 ' (Report 4)
202,864 (Report 4)
93,870 (Report 4)
717,137 '. (Report 12)
658,931 91.9%
58,206 8.1%
Following from UTPS special report:0
FACILITY TYPEC
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
TOTAL UTPS NETWORK
VMT
67,427
340.858
125,080
841,445
523.129
769.925
683,288
147,590
132,144
3,630,886
% OF
VMT
1.9%
9.4%
3.4%
23.2%
14.4%
21.2%
18.8%
4.1%
3.6%
LINK
DISTANCE
10.5
74.3
53.4
574.8
650.6
95.3
71.8
64.7
63.1
1,659
% OF
DISTANCE
0.6%
4.5%
3.2%
34.7%
39.2%
5.7%
4.3%
3.9%
3.8%
FREE FLOW
SPEED
28.6
43.6
31.2
39.3
15.0
37.4
51.9
48.3
34.2
37.9
CONGEST
SPEED
25.8
37.4
29.0
37.1
15.0
31.1
48.7
45.8
31.5
34.5
a See the report description on VMT estimation procedures and the list at the end of Section 6 for complete references to documentation
containing demographic information used for this UTPS model run.
" See the report description on VMT estimation procedures for a detailed discussion of UTPS model outputs and reports used for
this inventory.
c Descriptions for each of the coded facility types are given on p. 31 of the inventory report.
-------
an example of how a factor was applied to the VMT data. If no seasonal adjustment factors were
used, the report should indicate the rationale for this decision.
Summary VMT data must be provided in the report, and are required to be presented by
road type classification and by vehicle class. An example showing summary VMT data by
vehicle class and road type is shown in Table 7-4. In this example, VMT has also been broken
down by rural versus urban travel to match the traffic counting program used. Because there are
specific approaches to estimating VMT, the preparing agency may need to report other summary
data (e.g., traffic count data for each nonattainment county) or information related to that specific
approach. In order to facilitate review of the report, it is more appropriate to include summary
VMT data tables in the narrative section of the inventory and to clearly reference more detailed
data tables and additional information in an appendix.
7.3 EMISSION FACTOR ESTIMATION PROCEDURE
This subsection of the inventory report should describe the use of MOBILE4.1 (or the
EMFAC model for CaJifornia)4o develop emission factors for on-road mobile sources. At a
minimum, this subsection must include:
• Identification of the emission factor model used (MOBILE4.1 or
latest version) and the agency responsible for running it;
• Explanation of the development of all MOBILE4.1 inputs;
• Explanation of the MOBILE4.1 output and which emission factors
were used (e.g., were refueling emission factors used in addition to
exhaust emission factors?);
• A summary of the emission factors that were developed for each
vehicle class and road type by county; and
• Explanation of how the MOBILE4.1 generated emission factors
were combined with VMT data to produce emission estimates for
on-road mobile sources.
Each of the items should be presented in the order shown above.
jes/sip 7-8
-------
TABLE 7-4. DAILY VMT FOR LIGHT-DUTY GASOLINE VEHICLES IN NONATTAINMENT COUNTIES
'Hi
County A: Rural
Urban
County B: Rural
Urban
County C: Rural
Urban
County D: Rural
Urban
County E: Rural
Urban
County F: Rural
Urban
TOTAL
. lOQOVMT/day* . ^
T?ai
3,402
10,981
1,017
2,073
1,348
708
1,086
910
1,368
323
626
194
24,038
Interstate
1,054 ''
2,291
134 ;:
641
515
79
370
125
0
8
0
0
5,217
frijteipat
Arterial
571
7,032
20
939
137
387
134
474
415
252
0
154
10,515
Minor
Arferial
249
1,359
14
339
21
173
61
223
0
61
0
17
2,517
Collector
682
609
320
266
547
412
2,836
iocal
846
239
355
255
406
214
2,315
-------
Emission Factor Model
This subsection should begin with an overview identifying the use of MOBILE4.1, the
pollutant(s) for which emission factors were developed, and a description of how MOBILE4.1
emission factors were used for the on-road mobile sources inventory. Also, the agency who was
responsible for running the MOBILE4.1 model should be identified here.
The MOBILE4.1 program is subject to future revisions, so the inventory report should
describe the which version was used to prepare on-road emission estimates. The reporting
requirements for using the EMFAC model in California are not explained in this report. The
EPA's Office of Mobile Sources should be contacted for further information.
Development of Model Inputs
Following the overview of how MOBILE4.1 was used, the report should then discuss the
development of MOBILE4.1 input data. This is most effectively accomplished by identifying and
describing, item for item, the .control flag settings and input data records as they appear in the
MOBILE4.1 input file. Summary tables of each of the control flag settings and data input
records should be provided. Tables 7-5 through 7-8 give examples of what the summary tables
for MOBILE4.1 input data records might look like.
Descriptions of each of the MOBILE4.1 control flag settings and how input data records
were developed need to be included in the inventory report. An example description for an input
record in the one-time data section, minimum and maximum ambient temperatures, is given
below.
Minimum and Moximum Temperatures—The minimum and maximum daily
temperatures are important inputs, primarily for calculating VOC emissions, because they
significantly affect evaporative emission rates. To determine the minimum and maximum
temperature for input to MOBILE4.1, ambient temperature data were reviewed for those days
jes/sip 7-10
-------
TABLE 7-5. MOBILE4.1 CONTROL FLAG SETTINGS
sf-
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
1 Variable
i" Nao#
PROMPT
PROJID
TAMFLG
SPDFLG
VMFLG
MYMRFG
NEWFLG
IMFLAG
ATPFLG
ATPFLG
RLFLAG
LOGFLG
TEMFLG
OUTFMT
PRTFLG
IDLFLG
NMHFLG
HCFLAG
Content and Code Used
1 = No prompting, vertical format
80 characters for title
1 = Use MOBILE 4.1 rates
1 = One speed for all vehicle types
1 = Use MOBILE 4.1 VMT mix
1 = Use MOBILE 4. 1 values for annual mileage
accumulation/registration distribution
1 = Use MOBILE 4. 1 basic emission rates
2 = I/M program assumed
1 = No corrections
1 = No ATP assumed
5 = No refueling emission factors calculated
2 = One LAP record input for all scenarios
1 = MOBILE 4. 1 calculates temperatures to be used
in correction of emission factors from input
values of minimum and maximum ambient daily
temperature; value read as input for ambient
temperature is over-ridden by calculated values
4 = 80 column descriptive
4 = All three pollutants
1 = No idle emission factors
3 = VOC emission factors
3 = Sum and components printed, plus evaporative
and refueling emission factor information
jes/sip
7-11
-------
TABLE 7-6. SUMMARY OF l/M PROGRAM DESCRIPTIVE INPUT RECORD
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Content* Variable Name* Codes ;
Program start year (1 CYIM)
Stringency level (1 STRIN)
First model year (MODYR1)
Last model year (MODYR2)
Waiver rate for pre-1981 model year
vehicles (WAIVER (1)) (percent)
Waiver rate for 1981 and later model
year vehicles (WAIVER (2)) (percent)
Compliance rate (CRIM) (percent)
Program type (INTYP)
Inspection frequency (IFREQ)
Vehicle types subject to inspections
(ILDT (4))
..*• . *»
Test type (ITEST)
Flag to indicate whether alternative
I/M credits are to be input by user
(NUDATA (2))
Values Used
86
17
68
20
21.9
4.58
80
1 = Centralized
1 = Annual
1LDT(1)-LDGV
1LDT(2)-LDGT1
1LDT(3)-LDGT2
1LDT(4)-HDGV
Y
Y
Y
N
1 = Idle test
NUDATA(l) - for
Tech I-II-i
NUDATA(2) - for
Tech JY + -1
1 = Use MOBILE 4.
I/M credits
1
jes/sip
7-12
-------
TABLE 7-7. SUMMARY OF THE LOCAL AREA PARAMETER RECORD
^ «^^B^ Ottitem, Variable Name, Code
l
2
3
4
5
6
7
Scenario name (SCNAME)
Minimum daily temperature (TEMMIN), in °F
Maximum daily temperature (TEMMAX), in °F
"Period 1" RVP (RVPBAS)
"Period 2" RVP (IUSRVP)
"Period 2" start year (IUSESY)
Effect of oxygenated fuel on exhaust CO to be modeled
Values Used
Optional
66
95
11.5
9.0
89
2
TABLE 7-8. SUMMARY OF THE SCENARIO RECORDS
Field
Content, Variable Name, Code
Values Used
Region for which emission factors are to be calculated
(IREJN)
Low altitude
Calendar year of evaluation (CY)
90
Average speed to be used in emission factor calculations
(SPD or PSD(8»
1 = One speed for
all vehicle types
(Conn DOT
speed classes)
Ambient temperature (AMBT) in °F
Use 85 for typical
summer day and 30
for typical winter day
Operating mode fractions (PCCN, PCHC, PCCC), in %
of VMT accumulated by:
PCCN • Noncatalyst vehicles in cold start mode
PCHC • Catalyst equipped vehicles in hot start mode
PCCC - Catalyst equipped vehicles in cold start mode
20.6
27.3
20.6
jes/sip
7-13
-------
during 1988, 1989, and 1990 when ambient ozone levels in the nonattainment area exceeded
the NAAOJS.
The average minimum and maximum temperatures on these days were then calculated.
The average minimum and maximum temperatures for days where ambient air quality exceeded
the NAAQS were 7V'F and 95°F, respectively.
Some of the control flag settings in MOBILE4.1 allow for the use of default values from
the program. If a default value is selected, the report should indicate this and provide a brief
explanation for using the default value. An example description for the use of a default value is
provided below.
Annual Mileage Accumulation Rates/Registration Distributions—Based on the guidance
in the MOBILE4.1 Users's Guide, mileage accumulation rates included in MOB ILEX. 1 were
used for this draft inventory. Also, because of a lack of specific 1990 registration data for the
inventory area, the MOB1LE4.1 default values for national average registration distributions
were used. The control flag MYMRFG was therefore set to 1, indicating that default
MOBILE4.1 mileage accumulation rates and registration distributions were used.
Following the sequence of the MOBILE4.1 input file will ensure that all input parameters
and selections are properly described in the report.
Model Inputs
The inventory report should describe the use of the applicable model outputs, i.e., the
various emission factors that are generated from the program. MOBILE4.1 can develop exhaust
emission factors for VOC, NOX, and CO and also specific evaporative emission factors for
VOCs. The report must identify which of these factors were used in developing emission
estimates.
jes/sip 7-14
-------
Summary of Emission Factors
A summary table should be provided that shows the emission factors developed for each
vehicle class and road type. Emission factors are usually generated for specific road types
(e.g., interstates, arterials) by using the associated speeds for these roads when running the
MOBILE4.1 program. An example of how this summary table might be presented is shown in
Table 7-9. The example table shows daily VMT data, associated speed estimates, and
MOBILE4.1 emission factors for each road type by county, along with the calculated emissions
for each pollutant.
Emission Estimates
The type of summary table shown in the example in Table 7-9 brings together the specific
components used to calculate on-road mobile source emission estimates and, therefore, facilitates
a review of these calculations. Accompanying this table should be a detailed description of the
MOBILE4.1 emission factors that were used for each pollutant and example calculations of how
they were combined with VMT-data to estimate emissions. Following is an example description
for VOC emission estimates:
VOC Emissions~MOBlLE4.1 was used to generate VOC emission factors for each
vehicle class by county in the nonattainment area. The VOC emission factor selected from the
MOB1LE4.1 output includes exhaust and evaporative emissions (excluding emissions for
vehicle refueling losses, which are discussed separately below). Daily VMT (DVMT) for the
ozone season was then multiplied by the appropriate VOC emission factor for each vehicle
class, by county, to calculate VOC emissions on a kg/day basis. An example calculation for
County A is given below:
2,023,250 x 4.78 - 9,671
(DVMT) (MOBILE 4.1 (VOC emissions
Emission factor in kgfday)
in g/mile)
jes/sip 7-15
-------
.
•6-
TABLE 7-9. VMT, SPEED, AND MOBILE 4.1 EMISSION FACTORS
WITH CALCULATED EMISSIONS FOR LIGHT-DUTY
GASOLINE VEHICLES
^ •• ' >A
'^
•»;
Cotm#
Interstate
A
B
C
D
E
9E
2,023,250
1,771,233
1,017,645
3,248,734
3,850,952
' " 'V:
mn
OR/MI*
voc
50.2
47.8
46.2
42.1
38.6
4.78
4.81
4.84
4.92
5.00
KG/Day*>
VOC
GR/MI
CO
9,671
8,520
4,925
15,984
19,255
12.13
12.49
12.76
13.64
14.72
KG/Dayb
CO
24,542
22,123
12,985
44,313
56,686
GRMI
**0x
NO* "-1-*
2.58
2.50
2.46
2.39
2.34
5,220
4,428
2,503
7,764
9,011
Principal Arterial
A
B
C
D
E
4,383,143
3,581,566
3,515,034
5,635,860
5,992,872
25.0
32.1
18.2
19.1
18.0
5.65
5.24
6.28
6.17
6.30
24,765
18,767
22,074
34,773
37,755
23.09
17.77
31.31
29.97
31.63
101,207
63,644
110,056
168,907
189,555
2.35
2.31
2.45
2.43
2.46
10,300
8,273
8,612
13,695
14,742
a VOC MOBILE 4.1 emission factor for exhaust and evaporative emissions excluding refueling losses.
b All emissions are presented in kg per ozone season day.
-------
A similar discussion for each applicable pollutant should be included in this subsection.
The most recent EPA guidance recommends using the MOBILE4.1 -generated emission factor for
vehicle refueling losses to estimate emissions for this evaporative source. Previously, AP-42
emission factors were used to estimate these emissions and they were often included under the
area source section of the inventory report. Because the emission factors for vehicle refueling
losses are now obtained through MOBILE4.1, it is more appropriate to place the discussion and
summary of these emissions in the on-road mobile sources section of the inventory report.
The refueling emission factors generated by MOBILE4.1 are given in units of grams-per-
mile or grams-per-gallon, depending on the user-selected setting for the HCFLAG in the input
file. Whichever format is selected, the inventory report should summarize the refueling emission
factors generated for each nonattainment county, the throughput of gasoline or VMT (depending
on the units of the emission factor), and the resulting emissions calculated for each county.
Because the refueling emission factor is based on the Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) of the
gasoline used and the temperature for the nonattainment area, it is not necessary to break down
refueling emissions by-road type. However, MOBILE4.1 refueling emission factors do vary by
vehicle type and, thus, emission factors and emission summaries will need to be reported by
vehicle type. An example of a summary table that can be used for reporting emissions from
refueling losses based on MOBILE4.1 emission factors is shown in Table 7-10.
TABLE 7-10. REFUELING LOSS EMISSION FACTORS AND CALCULATED
EMISSIONS FOR LIGHT-DUTY GASOLINE VEHICLES
MOBHE4J
Factor Cg/gate)
1.84
552
450
1.75
787
375
1.80
675
a Gasoline use bued on State gasoline tales data apportioned to county level according to EPA's Procedures for the
Preparation of Emissions Inventories for Carbon Monoxide and Precursors of Ozone. Volume 1: General Guidance for
Stationary Sources, p. 4-6.
jes/sip
7-17
-------
The source of gasoline throughput data or VMT should be clearly referenced in
describing the calculations of emissions from refueling losses. The daily and annual emission
totals from vehicle refueling losses may be included in the summary totals for on-road mobile
sources at the beginning of this section or reported separately as a distinct category. Either way,
the inventory report must clearly state how these emissions are reported as part of the total VOC
emissions for the nonattainment area.
7.4 SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCES
This subsection should present the calculated emissions in summary form by vehicle class,
by pollutant, and by county. An example of how this summary may be presented is provided in
Table 7-11. Any assumptions, adjustments, or deficiencies in developing the summary emission
totals should be clearly explained here.
7.5 REFERENCES
At the end of the narrative section for on-road mobile sources, there should be a complete
reference list. All reference sources, including any memoranda, telecons, or other reports that
are not included in the inventory but were used for preparing on-road emission estimates must be
clearly referenced in the narrative section and included in this list. Many of the review items in
EPA's Quality Review Guidelines (EPA-450/4-91-022) require that specific information be
included in the inventory report or that it be clearly referenced. A complete and accurate
reference list is a crucial part of the documentation for an inventory report, particularly for the
on-road mobile source category, where there may be a number of different agencies involved and
various information sources.
7.6 APPENDICES
It is recommended that appendices be used to organize detailed data tables and files
associated with the VMT and MOBILE4.1 documentation efforts. All information that is placed
jes/sip 7-18
-------
s-
•o
TABLE 7-11. DAILY ON-ROAD MOBILE SOURCE NOX EMISSIONS BY ROAD TYPE AND VEHICLE TYPE
Cwotjr
A
B
C
.
Interstate
Principal Arterials
Minor Arterials
Major Collectors
Minor Collectors/Local Streets
TOTAL
Interstate
Principal Arterials
Minor Arterials
Major Collectors
Minor Collectors/Local Streets
TOTAL
Interstate
Principal Arterials
Minor Arterials
Major Collectors
Minor Collectors/Local Streets
TOTAL
NC
LDOV
3.8
10.4
2.2
0.9
18.7
2.1
4.0
1.2
2.9
12.8
08
1.9
0.4
0.5
^5
4.1
LDOTl
0.8
2.3
O.S
0.2
0.3
4.1
O.S
0.9
0.3
0.7
2.9
0.2
0.4
O.I
O.I
.OJ
0.9
LDOT2
0.6
1.6
0.3
* O.I
2.9
0.3
0.6
0.2
OS
0.4
2.1
0.1
0.3
0.1
O.I
0.7
1 P 'ofimw1
*
v*
MDGV
0.4
0.7
0.2
O.I
-PJ
1.4
0.2
0.3
01
0.2
0.9
O.I
O.I
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
«om/oK>tt?»cMQa4ajt) . <&&$?
tid*?W&
L0DV
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
O.I
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
LOJ>T
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
-04
O.I
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
.00
0.0
HDDV
2.6
5.5
1.2
O.S
-LO
10.8
1.5
2.1
0.7
1.6
JJ
7.4
0.5
1.0
0.2
0.3
0.3
2.4
'*%
*&
MC \
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
O.I
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
op
0.0
inp
%$r
8.3
20.8
4.4
1.9
38.5
4.7
8.1
2.5
6.0
_L2
26.4
1.7
3.8
0.9
1.0
JJ
8.5
VO
* Emission values of 0.0 indicate that daily emissions are less than 100 Ibs/day.
b Vehicle type abbreviations:
LDGV = Light-duty gasoline vehicles
LDGT1 = Light-duty gasoline trucks 1 (<6000 Ibs GVW)
LDGT2 = Light-duty gasoline trucks 2 (6001 to 8500 Ibs GVW)
HDGV = Heavy-duty gasoline vehicles
LDDV = Light-duty diesel vehicles
LDDT = Light-duly diesel trucks
HDDV = Heavy-duty diesel vehicles
MC = Motorcycles
-------
in an appendix must be clearly labeled and referenced in the narrative section of the report where
it applies. This type of reporting format presents the information in a concise manner, avoids
disjointed presentation of material, and facilitates a multi-level review of the inventory report,
which is consistent with EPA's Quality Review Guidelines (EPA-450/4-91-022).
Some of the items that may be appropriately placed in appendices include:
• MOBILE4.1 Input/Output files. Example input and output files
from MOBILE4.1 are shown in Tables 7-12 and 7-13, respectively.
All input and output files from MOBILE4.1 that were used in
preparing on-road emission estimates must be included in the
inventory report.
• Traffic count data used for VMT estimates.
• Input/output data from a network-based travel demand model.
• Tables or calculations associated with specific MOBILE4.1 records
(e.g., temperature determination, RVP determination). Table 7-14
presents an example summary table of temperature data that can be
used for documenting minimum and maximum temperature
determination for input to the MOBILE4.1 model.
..*• .» •
• Printouts of spreadsheets used for calculating emissions from VMT
data and emission factors.
jes/«ip 7-20
-------
i."
TABLE 7-12. EXAMPLE MOB1LE4.1 INPUT FILE
NJ
1 FSCMPT
MOBILE*.1 UB Example 4: OUTPUT - 4 (portrait (60 column) descriptive output format)
I TAMFLG
1 SPDFLG
1 VMFLAG '
i (mere
1 NEMFLG
1 IMFLAG ;
1 ALHFLG
1 ATPFLG
3 RLFLAG
1 LOCFLG
1 TEMFLG
4 OUIFMT
4 PRTFLG
1 IDLFLG
1 lOOFLG
2 HCFLAG
89 2221 IOBMY. IVOB
1 80 19.6 75.0 20.6 27.3 20.6
San Francisco CA C 60. 84. 11.5 11.5 88
1 88 19.6 75.0 20.6 27.3 20.6
San Francisco CA C 60. 84. 11.5 11.5 88
1 90 19.6 75.0 20.6 27.3 20.6
Son Francisco CA C 60. 84. 11.5 11.5 88
1 00 19.6 75.0 20.6 27.3 20.6
Son Francisco CA C 60. 84. 11.5 11.5 88
read in local area parameters as 2nd req sc rec
calculate exhaust temperatures
print HC components
1st req sc rec: IREJN.ICY.SPD(l),AMBT,FCCN.PCHC.PCCC
LAP rec: SCNAHE. RVFAST, TEM MJN. TEMMAX, RVPBAS. RVPIUS, IUSESY
1st req sc rec: IREJH,ICY.SPD(1).AMBT.PCCH,PCHC.PCCC
LAP rec: SCNAME,RVPAST.TEMMIN.TEMMAX,RVPBAS.HVPIUS. IUSESY
1st req sc rec: IREJH.ICY.SPD(l),AMBT,PCCH.PCHC.PCCC
LAP rec: SCNAME,RVPAST.TEMMIN, TEtMAX,RVPBAS.RVPIUS, IUSESY
1st req sc rec: IREJH.ICY,SPD(1).AMBT.PCCH.PCHC,PCCC
LAP rec: SCNAME.RVPAST.TEMMIN.TEMMAX,RVPBAS.RVPIUS,IUSESY
-------
TABLE 7-13. EXAMPLE MOBILE4.1 OUTPUT FILE
1MOBILE4.1 UG Example 4: OUTFMT - 4 (portrait (80 column) descriptive output
MOBILE*. l(*Nov91)
OTotal HC emission factors include evaporative HC emission factors.
0
OCal. Year: 1980 Region: Low
I/M Program: No
Anti-tarn. Program: No
OSan Francisco CA
Minimum Temp: 60.
Period 1 RVP: 11.
OVeh. Type:
Veh. Spd.:
VMT Mix:
OComposite
Total HC:
Exhst HC:
Evap. HC:
Refuel HC:
Runing HC:
Rating HC:
Exhst CO:
Exhst NOX:
OCal. Year:
LDGV
19.6
0.686
Emission
8.39
4.34
2.44
0.37
1.12
0.12
54.96
3.11
1988
LDGT1 LDGT2 LDGT
19.6 19.6
0.148 0.070
Factors (Go/Mile)
9.06 16.64 11.49
4.95 7.84 5.88
2. SI 6.06 3.65
0.43 0.44 0.43
1.07 2.20 1.43
0.10 0.10 0.10
60.64 82.04 67.50
3.25 4.68 3.71
Region: Low
I/M Program: No
5
Altitude: 500
Ambient Temp: 78
Operating Mode: 20
Maximum Temp: 84.
Period 2 RVP: 11.5
HDGV LDDV
19
0
29
1*
12
0
2
0
226
7
6 19.6
031 0.005
66 0 . 66
08 0.66
29
61
51
16
27 1 . 56
39 1.31
LDDT
19.8
0.001
0.99
0.99
2.13
1.96
. Ft.
.1 / 78.
.6 / 27.
(F)
Period
HDDV
19
0
5
5
16
29
Altitude: 500
Anti-tarn. Program: No
Ambient
Temp:
Operating Mode:
78
20
.6
.049
.40
.40
.09
.89
. Ft
.1 /
.6 /
MC
19.
0.
9.
6.
2.
0.
33.
0.
78.
27.
1 /
3 /
2 Yr
78
20
All
6
Oil
71
98
29
44
63
47
1 /
3 /
9
5
2
0
1
0
60
4
78
20
form
.1 F
.6
1988
Veh
.54
.03
.87
.37
.16
.11
.49
.64
.1 F
.6
OSan Francisco CA
OVeh. Type:
*Veh. Spd.:
VMT Mix:
OComposite
Total HC:
Exhst HC:
Evap. HC:
Refuel HC:
Runing HC:
Rating HC:
Exhst CO:
Exhst NOX:
OCal. Year:
LDGV
19.6
0.637
Emission
4.68
1.27
1.25
0.26
0.78
0.12
29.07
1.70
1990
Minimum Temp: 60.
Period 1 RVP: 11.
LDGT1 LDGT2 LDGT
19.6 19.6
0.159 0.076
Factors (Go/Mile)
5.61 8.48 6.54
3.1* 4.18 3.47
1.35 2.82 1.83
0.32 0.33 0.33
0.70 1.04 0.81
0.10 0.10 0.10
38.09 47.98 41.28
2.05 2.67 2.25
Region: Low
I/M Program: No
(F)
5
Maximum
Period 2
HDGV LDDV
19
0
17
6
8
0
1
0
128
5
6 19.6
035 0.013
93 0.62
91 0.62
48
54
86
IS
32 1.37
93 1.57
Temp: 84
RVP: 11
LDDT
19.6
0.003
0.79
0.79
1.72
1.77
.5
(F)
Period
HDDV
19
0
3
3
13
20
Altitude: 500
Anti-tarn. Program: No
Ambient
Temp:
Operating Mode:
78
20
.6
.068
.25
.25
.70
.94
. Ft
.1 /
.6 /
MC
19.
0.
6.
3.
2.
0.
22.
0.
78.
27.
2 Yr
:
All
6
009
36
07
85
44
71
80
1 /
3 /
5
2
1
0
0
0
33
3
78
20
1988
Veh
.43
.76
.54
.26
.76
.11
.83
.28
.1 F
.6
OSan Francisco CA
OVeh. Type:
Veh. Spd.:
VMT Mix:
OComposite
Total HC:
Exh»t HC:
Evap. HC:
R*4M1. EC:
Runlnc BC:
Rating HC:
Exhst CO:
Exhst BOX:
LDGV
19.6
0.626
Emission
4.09
1.91
1.10
0.22
0.75
0.11
25.23
1.44
Minimum Temp: 60.
Period 1 RVP: 11.
LDGT1 LDGT2 LDGT
19.6 19.6
0.171 0.076
Factors (Go/Mile)
4.88 7.1* 5.58
2.71 3.56 2.97
1.16 2.29 1.51
0.27 0.28 0.27
0.63 0.91 0.73
0.09 0.10 0.09
31.50 40.33 3*. 23
1.79 2.28 1.9*
(F)
5
Maximum
Period 2
HDGV LDDV
19
0
1*
5
6
0
1
0
104
5
6 19.6
035 0.009
57 0.69
54 0.69
84
S3
52
14
13 1.67
68 1.63
Temp: 84
RVP: 11
LDDT
19.6
0.002
0.93
0.93
1.90
1.87
.5
(F)
Period
HDDV
19
0
2
2
13
19
.6
.073
.87
.87
.03
.45
MC
19.
0.
5.
2.
2.
0.
21.
0.
2 Yr
All
6
008
93
57
91
44
95
82
4
2
1
0
0
0
29
3
1988
Veh
.71
.36
.32
.22
.70
.10
.01
.02
jes/sip
7-22
-------
TABLE 7-14. DAILY MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURES FOR
OZONE EXCEEDANCE DAYS
6
7
7
7
7
7
8
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
6
, 7
7
7
7
7
8
9
Averages
Prfcy
25
7
14
16
21
28
1
20
21
22
24
25
5
21
" 1
8
16
17
21
22
7
8
9
10
15
18
14
Daily Maximum
Temperature (*F)
93
98
95
95
102
92
95
96
96
96
98
99
96
95
91
93
91
90
94
96
94
98
91
93
97
101
89
94.96
Daily Minimus*
Temperature (*F>
71
73
73
85
72
73
73
69
72
73
76
76
74
69
67
68
63
69
70
73
65
71
68
75
74
73
71
71.33
Year
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1987
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1988
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
1989
jes/«ip
7-23
-------
SECTION 8
BIOGENIC SOURCES
The EPA now requires that VOC emissions from biogenic sources be estimated and
reported for base year emission inventories in moderate, serious, severe, and extreme ozone
nonattainment areas. States have been provided with a PC-based model, PC-Biogenic Emissions
Inventory System (PCBEIS), to estimate biogenic non-methane hydrocarbon emissions from
biogenic sources. The model estimates emissions by county on an hourly basis. Results from
this model are used as part of the typical operating day emissions for the ozone season. Should a
State choose not to use the PCBEIS model, it must describe its alternative method in its Inventory
Preparation Plan (IPP) and have the method approved by EPA, as noted in the EPA SIP
Requirements Document (EPA-450/4-9I-010).
8.1 MODEL INPUTS
The PCBEIS program accesses information about crop acreage and land use from a data
file that comes with the program and assigns emission rates to different land use types. The
model estimates emissions based on calculations using crop acreage and leaf biomass, so it can
only be used for the summer growing season. To run the program, users need to provide
location data, ozone concentration data, and hourly meteorological data.
8.1.1 Location Data
The following location data must be inputted to the model:
• County name;
• County FIPS code; and
• Latitude and longitude.
jes/sip 8-1
-------
8.1.2 Ozone Data
The typical operating day to be run in the model is selected by first determining the
10 days with the highest ozone concentration levels out of the last three years of monitoring data.
If there are not three years of monitoring data, the 10 days must be taken from whatever data are
available. Out of the 10 days with the highest ozone levels, the day with the fourth highest
temperature is selected as the typical ozone season day to be inputted to PCBEIS. The date,
ozone level, and temperature of the top 10 days, along with the day selected as the typical
operating day, should be documented in the inventory report, as shown in the example in
Table 8-1.
TABLE 8-1. TYPICAL OPERATING DAY FOR PCBEIS
MODEL
RUN FOR OZONEVILLE,
NC
TOP TEN OZONE Dj\YS - FOURTH HIGHEST TEMPERATURE
Date
6/24/88
6/25/90
7/3/90
8/10/89
9/4/89
6/30/88
8/5/90
8/12/89
7/17/90
6/6/88
Ozone
Level (ppm)
0.112
0.109
0.107
0.105
0.102
0.097
0.095
0.094
0.094
0.088
DAY NOTED WITH
Maximum
(*)
Temperature (F1
93
88
92
87
91
90 *
88
84
87
85
jes/sip 8-2
-------
8.1.3 Meteorological Data
Once the typical operating day has been determined, more detailed meteorological data
must be obtained. PCBEIS requires hourly data for cloud cover, relative humidity, wind speed,
and temperature. A good source for this information is the database that the National Weather
Service maintains in Asheville, North Carolina, but there are other sources, such as local
airports. The National Weather Service database lists hourly and special observations from
stations around the country. An example of meteorological data from the National Weather
Service for a day in Buffalo, NY, is shown in Table 8-2. Meteorological data from any source
must be referenced and included in the inventory report. Wind speed and temperature must be
converted to-meters-per second and degrees centigrade. Units of measure conversions should be
documented as well, as shown in the example in Table 8-3.
8.1.4 Special Cases
There will be cases where a standard model run will not provide the required estimates.
For instance, only part of a county may be covered in the inventory, or land use is drastically
different from the land use categories in PCBEIS.
There are two methods for modifying a standard model run. The first method involves
manipulating the model results only. The second method requires changing the county land use
database, and is more complicated. However, the second method, if based on recent and
accurate land use data, will result in more reliable output.
In the first method, the program is run for the appropriate day, and a percentage of the
emissions proportional to the area of the county covered in the inventory is used. This method
assumes that vegetation is uniformly distributed, and is used when the spatial distribution of
vegetation in the county is unknown. This assumption of uniform vegetation distribution must be
noted in the inventory report. An example of how this method should be documented is shown
in Table 8-4.
jes/iip 8-3
-------
S-
•€
TABLE 8-2. NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE METEOROLOGICAL DATA FOR BUFFALO, NY
rtfl-108
u £ DEPARTMENT or COMMERCE
KAIIONAL OCEANIC AND AIMOSPnEHIC AONINlS1RAIION
NAIIOHAL MtAlHth SERVICE
SURFACE HLAIHER OBSERVATIONS
i INI
(LSI I
tb
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20
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DATE
JUL 1
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40. REtARKS. NOIES AND MISCELLANEOUS PHENOMENA
llht: SVNRISI 0411
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SUNRISE
OF
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CHARACTER or
SONSE i
10
DIREC-
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lint CMfC.^ 0017 ii Ob)I a U.-6 '/ IU1S /' NCOCi/08 «l 2ISO COL II SnOuiO «[»0 10200 HOI
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HR(NC(S'/SP-00 »S:00
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84
ITPC
8b
CNOCO
-------
TABLE 8-2. (Continued)
R?1-IOA US. OEPARIHENI OF COMMERCE
I1-8SI NAflONAL OCEANIC AND AlHOSPHiflIC AOMINIS1RAI ION
NAIIONAL MEA1HER SERVICE
SURFACE HEATHER OBSERVATIONS
I
111
(A
(A
•A
•A
•A
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SA
(A
SA
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00*0
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07*0
08*0
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10*0
11*0
12*0
11*0
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15*0
17*0
18*0
14*0
20*0
JM50
21*0
SKI AND CEILING
(Hundred* of f ••! 1
111
ClR
72*28 12182 00000 lOOl 2010k
CLR
80SCI250SCI
BOSCICIIOBIN
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40SCII I208KH
72*28 1218) 7170* 10144 2010k
I20SCI210SCI
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I20SCI240 8«H
I10SC 12*0 -SCI
72*28 12k8) 40*0k 102)4 20081
1 10SC 12*0 -SCI
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foradl
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6Nh£
-------
TABLE 8-3. UNIT CONVERSIONS FOR METEOROLOGICAL DATA
*
How*
I
t
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
liiiiilk
'
(Bwtkm)
0
0
3
6
8
8
9
4
7
8
9
8
5~
3
3
4
8
7
9
9
8
3
7
9
tt^^tb^-*1
4-j. aia.'ty-
JfUBBBClx
SSk
0.8
0.9
0.83
0.86
0.86
0.78
0.78
0.65
0.57
0.48
0.41
0.36
""0.37
0.33
0.31
0.29
0.33
0.33
0.34
0.36
0.38
0.37
0.39
0.4
• wf*r
; fc^^fe'
Mg^^^;:..
*•*»
0
3
4
4
5
3
5
7
7
4
5
9
6
8
7
8
8
9
7
5
6
6
6
7
;, *»#"
* ^^^^w.
^lidNT
0.000
5.828
7.770
7.770
9.713
5.828
9.713
13.598
13.598
7.770
9.713
17.483
11.655
15.540
13.598
15.540
15.540
17.483
13.598
9.713
11.655
11.655
11.655
13.598
<
-------
TABLE 8-4. PARTIAL COUNTY ESTIMATE BY RESULTS MODIFICATION
Model Output for Model Run for Near County = 62,524.13 kg
Area of Near County = 215761.6 ha
Area of Near Co. within the Ozoneville non-attainment area:
Hopewell Township = 5243 ha
Gaines Community = 4789 ha
Lake City = 98613 ha
total = 108645 ha
non-attainment area is 50.35 % of Near Co.
50.35 % of 62524.13 kg = 31483.52 kg biogenic emissions
In the second method, the input files can be modified to model partial counties if
sufficient spatial data are available. PCBEIS uses the file CNTY to define the area and land use
types of each county. By altering the contents of the file, the program can be run using only the
pan of the county of interest. This method can also be used to correct the land use classifications
that are listed in the file, without changing the area. The procedure is to:
• Make a copy of the original CNTY.ASC file on a floppy or some other safe
place;
• Use a text editor to find and alter the listing for the county of interest. Counties
are sorted by FIPS code. The format of the individual records is in Table 10 in
the PCBEIS documentation. Do not alter the first line of the record. The spacing
of each word has been formatted and that is how the computer finds the county.
• Check the accuracy of the land use types in the county. Set the value for the area
of the partial county, and area (all areas are the hectares) of land use types. Make
sure the land use types add up to the area of the partial county;
• Convert CNTY.ASC to CNTY.DAT by running the DOS command ASCCON.EXE;
jes/iip 8-7
-------
Run PCBEIS. The output will be the value for the partial county. This version's
output and copies of CNTY.ASC and CNTY.DAT should be kept in a separate
directory or disk that is clearly labeled; and
Include in the print-out of the modified CNTY.ASC file in the inventory
documentation, along with a justification of the data and methods used.
An example of how this method should be documented is shown in Table 8-5.
TABLE 8-5. REVISIONS TO LAND USE FILE FOR PARTIAL COUNTY ESTIMATES
Listing in cnty.asc for Near Co.
37183 NC Near Co
215761.6 18407 686 0 0 0 0 39835 65325 25490 219 2256 8916
4251 0 6076 1428 0 0 0 18 1305 620 5373 35556.57
Revised version of cnty.asc for non-attainment portion of Near Co.
37183 NC Near Co
108645 13603 423 0 0 0 0 15155 30290 17764 73 448 3297
1786 0 2940 317 0 0 0.0 0 0 0 2570 19899
Sources for land use: Near County Cooperative Extension Service
Near County Planning Department
Model Output for Revised Model Run for Near County = 28410.67 kg biogenic emissions
8.2 MODEL OUTPUT
Model results should be documented by the model output file, as shown in the example in
Table 8-6. This file presents the model location and meteorologic input data, hourly modeled
estimates for isoprene, alpha-pinene, monoterpenes, and unidentified hydrocarbons, and the total
of all species for that day. The total in this file is the typical ozone daily biogenic emission
estimate to be used in the base year inventory.
jes/sip 8-8
-------
e.
10
•5
TABLE 8-6. EMISSION RATES CORRECTED FOR MET INPUTS
•••••Ncu Co NC»»»»»
SimuUtion Dale: 8/19/18
Latitude: 35.80
Longitude: 78.60
Time Zone: 5
tot
.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
IS
CLD
fnc
0.3
0.5
0.6
I
1
0.8
0.8
0.5
0
0.1
0.1
O.I
0.1
O.I
0.3
RELH
frac
0.56
0.58
0.63
0.61
0.61
0.66
0.63
0.66
0.56
0.47
0.42
0.35
0.31
0.28
0.16
Wind
m/i
3.1
0
0
3.6
3.6
3.1
4.1
3.6
4.6
4.1
4.1
3.6
3.6
4.6
4.6
TmpiRF
C
26.7
26.1
25.6
26.1
26.7
25.6
25.6
25.6
28.3
30.6
32.8
35
35.6
37.2
38.9
bopKne
kg/h
0
0
0
0
0
3.35
54.26
120.11
260.52
450.26
609.9
721.45
729.91
740.86
708.51
ISO Flux
kg/km2-h
0
0
0
0
0
0.003
0.05
0111
0.24
0.414
0.561
0.664
0.672
0.682
0.652
.ALPHA-P
' kg/h
146
130.16
126.26
141.11
146.44
132.57
143.16
163.2
207.24
246.8
285.74
321.54
326.72
344.22
351.04
APH Flux
kg/km2-h
0.134
0.12
0.116
0.13
0.135
0.122
0.132
0.15
0.191
0.227
0.263
0.296
0.301
0.317
0.323
APH Flux
kg/h
154.67
135.97
131.48
148.99
155.21
139.06
151.43
175.17
228.09
276.66
325.2
370.33
376.81
398.89
407.29
MONOTERP
kg/km2-h
0.142
0.125
0.121
0.137
0.143
0.128
0.139
0.161
0.21
0.255
0.299
0.341
0.347
0.367
0.375
MON Flux
kg/h
310.67
272.55
263.34
299.22
311.86
280.85
302.74
344.08
445.23
538.88
633.72
724.46
739.33
787.54
814.24
Unknown
kg/km2-h
0.286
0.251
0.242
0.275
0.287
0.258
0.279
0.317
0.41
0.496
0.583
0.667
0.68
0.725
0.749
oo
VD
-------
i
TABLE 8-6. (Continued).
•»«»»Ne»rCo NC»»»»»
8/19/M
UtiUide: 35 10
Uwgitude: 71.60 •'
Tune Zone: 5
HR
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
CLO
fnc
0.4
0.4
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.6
0.6
KEUi
fnc
0.15
O.I)
025
0.24
0.25
0.3S
0.45
049
0.54
Wind
m/«
6.7
1.2
57
5.1
4.1
5.1
4.1
4.1
3.6
TuvAF
C
31.3
37.8
35.6
35
33.3
30.6
30
29.4
21.3
Tool Specict
bopnne
kg/h
581.91
420.35
133.08
0
0
0
0
0
0
5534.48
ISO Flux
k|/km2-*i
0.536
0.387
0.122
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.094
•ALPHA-P
kg/h
326.16
305.41
25854
249.1
222.61
188.61
180.91
174.19
162.19
5279.93
APHRux
kg/km2-h
0.3
0.281
0238
0.229
0.205
0.174
0.167
0.16
0.149
4.86
APHFlux
kg/h
3755
349.28
29066
279.03
246.42
205.26
196.01
18798
173.73
5879.11
MONOTERP
kg/km2-h
0.346
0.321
0.268
0.257
0.227
0.189
0.18
0.173
0.16
5.411
MONRux
kg/b
754.85
705.99
588.95
564.36
497.76
413.84
39479
378.56
349.35
II7I7I5
Unknown
kc/km2-h
0.695
0.65
0.542
0.519
0.458
0.381
0.363
0.348
0.322
10.785
ToUlofcllqMciM: 28410.67 kg
ToulofdlqMciet: 31 32 US Aott loo*
oo
o
-------
SECTION 9
QUALITY ASSURANCE IMPLEMENTATION
A comprehensive and accurate emissions inventory, particularly the point source
component, is a basic building block of an air pollution control program. Accordingly, the
emissions inventory should be maintained and updated on a routine and continuous basis. The
point source component may be updated as frequently as on a daily basis. Therefore, quality
assurance and quality control (QA/QC) activities related to the point source emissions inventory
must also be performed on a routine continuous basis and not only when an emissions inventory
is compiled for a particular effort, such as part of the supporting documentation for a revision to
the State Implementation Plan (SIP).
Conventional QA/QC procedures govern the acquisition and analysis of measurements.
These procedures commonly address the fundamental concepts of data accuracy, i.e., assessing
the difference between measured and true values.
*• • •
The QA implementation section of the emission inventory report should document all of
the QA procedures performed by the State to ensure the completeness and reasonableness of the
emission inventory. The information in the QA section should be detailed enough to allow
comparison with the State IPP Quality Assurance Plan (QAP). The procedure used to implement
the QAP and the actual results of the QA procedures should be fully documented.
Most of this section of the guidance document is written as an example of how to present
and document QA implementation for the emissions inventory. However, beginning with Section
9.6, some instructional information is included within the example. The subsections are
organized according to the QAP format required for the IPP. This organizational structure
provides a clear coherence between the State's proposed QA procedures in the QAP and the
actual implementation of those procedures.
jes/sip 9-1
-------
9.1 INTRODUCTION
This section of the emission inventory report describes the quality assurance/quality
control (QA/QC) procedures that were followed by the State Department of Environmental
Regulation (DER) in developing and maintaining the Ozoneville Nonattainment Area emissions
inventory. Quality assurance procedures, as applied to this emission inventory, involved
checking the comprehensiveness and reasonableness of emission estimates, rather than the
accuracy or precision of the data. Quality assurance in general consisted of three types of
procedures:
1. Standard operating procedures,'
2. Procedures for finding and correcting errors and inconsistencies; and
3. Procedures for data quality assessment.
The Ozoneville Nonattainment Area QA/QC Plan included the following basic elements:
• QA/QC*policy statement describing the purpose of the program;
• Summary of the organization of the emissions inventory and QA/QC programs,
including assignment of emission inventory tasks and information flow;
• Description of the technical operating procedures, including resource allocation;
personnel training and schedules; data collection, handling, analysis and
validation procedures; and reporting formats;
• Description of audit responsibilities, schedules, and procedures; and
• Description of the methods used to document and quantify the implementation
and effectiveness of the QA/QC Plan.
The QA/QC section of the Ozoneville Nonattainment Area emissions inventory,
therefore, mirrors the organizational structure of QA/QC Plan submitted with the IPP. The
purpose of repeating that organizational structure here is to show, without ambiguity, that the
Ozoneville Nonattainment Area QA/QC Plan approved by the EPA Regional Office was
implemented.
jei/jip 9-2
-------
The remainder of this section is organized as follows: Section 9.2 presents the Quality
Assurance Policy Statement; Section 9.3 describes the DER staff responsibilities in developing
the sessions inventory; Section 9.4 discusses task planning; Section 9.5 presents data collection
and handling procedures; Section 9.6 presents data analysis procedures; and Section 9.7
discusses QA/QC system audits.
9.2 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC) POLICY STATEMENT
This section briefly describes the different ways in which an emissions inventory is used
in developing and implementing air pollution control programs and presents the scope of the
Ozoneville Nonattainment Area emissions inventory QA/QC effort. This policy statement
represents Ozoneville's formal declaration of its commitment to develop and implement an
emissions inventory QA/QC program.
Purpose of an Emissions Inventory
. :•
The purpose of an emissions inventory is to develop an accurate and comprehensive
database of point, area, mobile, and, in certain instances, biogenic source emissions estimates.
Emissions inventory information is relied upon to meet a variety of needs in the environmental
arena. The principal ways in which it is used include:
• Supporting aspects of the air quality planning function, such as evaluating
compliance with operating permits.
• Estimating air quality impacts through modeling. Related data, such as
information on spatial and temporal resolution, are also used in episodic
modeling.
• Determining the trends in emission levels, both historically and prospectively.
• Tracking, on a consistent basis, the 3% annual emission reduction requirement
for nonattainment pollutants.
• Assisting in the process of developing and evaluating air quality-related
indicators for measuring progress in attaining ambient standards.
jes/sip 9-3
-------
• Determining the effect of transportation control measures on a region's
emissions.
• Distinguishing between actual versus allowable emission estimates.
• Determining emissions fees.
• Satisfying other regulatory needs such as evaluating the effects of emission
controls and meeting emissions reporting requirements.
The Ozonevitte Nonattainment Area emissions inventory meets the inventory
requirements of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA)for VOC, CO, and NOX
emissions estimates. A separate effort is currently underway, in cooperation with surrounding
States, to develop an air toxics emissions inventory.
Scope of the QAJOC Protram
To ensure that the emissions inventory was of the highest quality, the DER implemented
QA/QC procedures and checksM various points in the inventory process. Resources, including
trained QA/QC personnel, were allocated for this purpose. DER followed the procedures
outlined in the EPA's Guidance for the Preparation of Quality Assurance Plans for Oj/CO SIP
Emission Inventories (EPA-450/4-88-023) when developing emissions estimates for SIP-related
activities. Details of the Ozonevitte Nonattainment Area emissions inventory QA/QC program
implementation are discussed in the following subsections.
The undersigned agree with the QA/QC Emissions Inventory policy statement described
above.
John L. Green, P.E.
QA Coordinator
Sara K. Clean, M.E.M.
Manager
State Department of Environmental Regulation
9-4
-------
9.3 STAFF RESPONSIBILITIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES
A description of the DER staff responsibilities in developing the emissions inventory is
presented in this section. Figure 9-1 depicts the DER emissions and QA/QC program
organizational structure.
Dave Jones served as Project Manager for the OzoneviUe Nonattainment Area emissions
inventory. Mr. Jones' experience is especially well-suited for these projects. Prior to joining
DER, he was the primary State Implementation Plan Coordinator for a heal air pollution
control agency, with special emphasis on motor vehicle-related pollutants. With DER, he has
directed computer activities to develop, access, and process inventory data in a usable form.
He also developed DER's approach for area and mobile source post-1987 inventories.
Technical direction for this project was provided by Melissa King. Ms. King has nearly
15 years of experience in developing and evaluating SIP-related inventories. The author of
numerous inventory-related papers, Ms. King spent approximately 6 years with EPA in
«..*. • • •
California and Washington in SIP development activities, with special emphasis on point
sources. Since coming to DER in 1981, Ms. King has managed many inventory projects, and
has provided technical guidance and evaluation on others.
John Green served as the QA Coordinator for the emission inventory. Mr. Green has a
degree in Environmental Management and spent several yean consulting prior
to joining DER. He has worked on toxics inventories for EPA and SIP inventories for New
Jersey. His experience also includes QA consulting for General Pollution Company.
9.4 TASK PLANNING
The following planning components were implemented, as discussed in the QA/QC
portion of the IPP, are discussed in this subsection:
• Resource allocation and delineation of responsibilities;
• Prioritizing sources and data elements;
jes/sip 9-5
-------
I
so
Mobile Sources
Greg Carr
Department of Transportation
Department of Environmental
Regulation
SaraK. Clean, M.E.M.,
Manager
Air Systems Management Section
Dave Jones, Section Manager
Inventory Supervisor
Melissa King
Point Sources
Chris Seemore
QA/QC Coordinator
John L. Green
Area Sources
Janice Blue
Figure 9-1. Organization Chart ofOzoneville DER Quality Assurance/Quality Control Staff.
-------
• Personnel training;
• Schedule and project planning; and
• Data sources.
Resource Allocation and Delineation of Responsibilities
In the Air Systems Management Section (ASMS) of Ozoneville's DER, a full-time
engineer maintains and revises the emissions database (ED) and a contracted technician spends
about 0.75 work-year on system maintenance. In addition, the head of the ASMS spends
between 0.10 and 0.20 work-year on point source emission inventory QA/QC-related
management work. The focus is on addressing problems related to the programming features
of the ED. Of the time spent on the ED, approximately 1.0 work-year could be characterized
as QA/QC-related. Additionally, 0.50 work-year is applied to data entry and another
0.50 work-year is used for ED system maintenance.
The Permit (PMT) Section is responsible for issuing permits for new sources and
updating permits for existing sources every 2 to 5 years. After issuing a permit, the responsible
personnel are required to enter any revisions into the ED. Annually, PMT spends a minimum
of 2.5 work-years of effort on developing and entering data into the ED. The PMT Section
also spends an additional 0.10 work-year on point source emission inventory QA/QC activities
and 0.25 work-year on ED maintenance. Additional resources will be devoted to QA/QC
activities by the PMT staff in the future. However, frequent revisions to the ED are also
entered by field inspectors from the Field Operations Section (FOS). Their yearly and quarterly
inspections often provide more timely notification of changes in source process parameters.
They spend approximately 2.25 work-years on developing ED revisions, 0.25 work-year on
entering these revisions, 1.0 work-year on QA/QC activities, and the remaining 1.0 work-year
on ED maintenance.
The Air Quality Planning Section (AQPS) is responsible for gathering information and
providing QA/QC review for specific emission inventory projects, such as emission inventories
je«/iip 9-7
-------
developed to support SIP-related activities. In addition to this centralized review, the emission
estimates for SIP inventories are sent to State regional offices for local review. Corrections
and revisions to the database are then implemented before the emissions are used for SIP
purposes. Point source emissions inventory QA/QC activities involve about 2.0 work-years of
the time of four staff members, 0.30 work-year of a computer specialist, and 0.40 work-year of
a manager.
Prioritizing Sources and Data Elements
In order to focus emission inventory development and QA/QC efforts in the most
effective way, DER prioritizes source categories and data elements so that the most important
categories and elements receive the most attention. In general, facilities and source categories
with large emissions receive priority over those with relatively smaller emissions. Facilities and
source categories that were not included as point sources in the post-1987 emission inventory,
however, receive priority over those that were included in previous inventory efforts.
*• /»
Point source emissions are fairly well-characterized in the OzoneviUe Nonattainment
Area as a result of work done for the post-1987 inventory. However, DER is aware of some
shortcomings in location and stack information for some point sources. Therefore, those data
elements were given a high priority during data collection.
Data elements required for submittal through AIRS were also investigated. These data
elements were highlighted on the data collection survey forms as mandatory information
requirements. The EPA Procedures Document (EPA-450/4-91-016) was reviewed to identify
any point source categories not included in the post-1987 inventory. DER found several source
categories not previously inventoried and prioritized data collection activities to ensure their
inclusion in the 1990 emissions inventory.
The OzoneviUe Nonattainment Area area source inventory was less weU developed than
the point source inventory. Area source categories previously accounted for were compared to
the area source category listing in the EPA Procedures Document. The DER also examined
9-8
-------
several national databases (TRIS, NAPAP), the Ozoneville Manufacturer's Directory, and local
telephone directories to identify other area source categories. Newly identified categories
almost doubled the size of the Ozoneville nonattainment area area source inventory. Data
collection activities for the new area sources were given the highest priority.
The Ozoneville Nonattainment Area mobile source inventory was administered by the
Department of Transportation (DOT). Data collection activities at DOT are ongoing and do
not coincide with any particular inventory development effort. Therefore, any inventory
outstanding data needs for the 1990 base year inventory were given the highest priority by
DOT. The primary efforts were focused on new EPA procedures as required by the CAAA.
Personnel Training
Formal training sessions for inventory personnel were provided by EPA training
workshops, as available. Informal training sessions for DER inventory staff were held as
further EPA guidance^ became ^available. Topics covered in these sessions included:
• Contents of existing and new EPA emissions inventory-related guidance or
policies:
• New or updated data sources or procedures for determining emissions estimates;
• AIRS/SAMS/AFS/AMS training; and
• Ozoneville DER policy and standard operating procedures.
New personnel received extensive briefings from their respective supervisors. However, most of
their training regarding the details of their duties was on the job. Training materials (e.g.,
books, videotape** and a portable computer that may be checked out for training purposes)
were available to familiarize new personnel on inventory work.
jea/sip 9-9
-------
Schedule and Protect Planning
Planning the QA/QC procedures was one of the most critical aspects of the successful
implementation of the program. In general, QA/QC procedures can be broken down into two
groups:
• Those procedures that are performed on a continuous or periodic basis to
maintain the inventory,- and
• Those procedures performed in response to a specific inventory preparation,
such as a SIP.
The evaluation of QA procedures culminates with internal and external audits of the
procedures. Internal audits were performed on a periodic basis while external audits were
performed by the EPA Regional office after inventory submittal. Both types of audits are
important because they provide a focus for evaluating QA/QC procedures. The schedule for
these procedures is shown in Table 9-1.
*• * •
Data Sources
DER requires that permits be obtained for virtually all pollutant-emitting activities,
regardless of the size of the source. Approximately 5,000 permit applications are received each
year. Permits are renewed approximately every 2 to 5 years. Therefore, the permit program
provides much of the information contained in the ED. In addition, the PMT Section
inspects about 2,000 facilities each year and gathers inventory-related information as part of
these compliance inspections. This information is used primarily to update the ED.
Somrdata sources are more reliable than others, and it is important that the reliability
of the data be taken into account when entering data into the ED. For this reason, DER
inventory specialists assess all data that come to them and judge the capabilities and biases (if
any, and if known) of the organization supplying the data, the techniques used to collect the
data (tf known), and the purpose for which the data have been compiled. This enables DER to
jei/iip 9-10
-------
TABLE 9-1. SCHEDULE FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL PROCEDURES
„ "
•ttittMiii^!S>BBB>MMMiBfiBllll|H|llllH|l
Continuous or as required
Bu'T: ~ VV' aWKawW;:' v' ' - "X. ''
A technical specification form turned in with every permit application will
be used to identify emission sources and emissions data.
Inspections will be performed at facilities discovered to be emission sources
based upon records review, visual identification, in response to citizen or
agency complaints, or for compliance or special studies.
DER will review U.S. EPA guidance, existing databases, and other sources
of information to identify emission sources and emissions data (e.g., stack
parameters, emission factors, SIC and SCC codes location parameters,
control effectiveness, Operating schedules, activity levels).
Emissions data in the ED will be cross-checked against other published data
for reasonableness.
Control efficiencies for sources will be compared against listed U.S. EPA
or applicable regulations to identify erroneous assignment of control
effectiveness.
DER will assess all emissions data received and will judge the professional
capabilities and biases (if any, and if known) of the organization(s)
supplying the data and the purpose of compilation. Comments for selection
of one type of data over another will appear in inventory documentation.
For each source category included in the inventory, the emission estimation
method will be documented, as well as a hand calculation example showing
all assumptions, unit conversions, or emission factors, used in calculating
emissions.
A computer file will be maintained to track all revisions to the ED database
and all QA checks performed.
... <3^H«iW&»yji
5.1.1
5.1.2
5.1.3
5.1.3
5.3.3
5.3.4
6.2
5.3, 6.3.3
-------
TABLE 9-1. (Continued
Continuous or as required
(continued)
All new and revised emissions data will be manually checked for
completeness and accuracy before entry into the ED.
The DER will perform QA/QC checks of all data entered for format
consistency, segment consistency, accuracy, and completeness.
The QA/QC Coordinator will ensure that completeness checks are being
conducted by each section in the DER. *
The means of communication between the sections of DER will be reviewed
for consistency and adequacy.
QA/QC Ran
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.3
Weekly
At a minimum of each week, the database will undergo a series of
recalculations and programs that update the existing information. In
addition to recalculating the emissions, this program includes the following:
• The first report provides a list of applicable key fields for missing
conditions and relationships that exist in the ED;
• The second report provides a list of the facilities that were deleted by
batch submittal during the past week;
• The third report provides a list of the facilities that moved to a new
location by batch submittal during the past week;
• The fourth report provides a list of the permits that were incorporated
into another permit at the same facility by batch submittal during the
past week; and
• The fifth report provides a list of facilities that had their emission class
changed during the past week.
5.3.1
-------
1
TABLE 9-1. (Continued)
Weekly (continued)
Monthly
Bimonthly
Quarterly
Annual
P&s?*4y:;Hr „ airaifc^'j'J'' ^:0 ' ""< .
A computer program will be run on the ED database in which SCC codes
for each facility are compared to valid SCC codes in the ED code table.
Any codes found in the ED, not in the .table will be identified in the SCC
exemption report.
A representative sample of all data element revisions will be compared for
accuracy to the five reports generated during the weekly recalculation of
emissions.
Emissions data in the ED will be downloaded into a commercial database
program that checks for reasonableness of input data and results.
The QA/QC Coordinator will randomly select a data segment in the facility
database and review the information entered into the ED against applicable
inspection data.
The central filing system will be examined by the QA/QC Coordinator for
completeness and effectiveness.
Data tracking procedures developed and conducted by each section will be
examined.
The QA/QC Completeness Report program is executed to identify data
completeness errors.
The QA/QC Coordinator will evaluate the communication linkage within the
DER, identify deficiencies, and recommend more effective communications,
when applicable.
The AIRS database will be accessed to obtain SCC codes associated with
each facility type. This list of source types will be compared with existing
facility records to identify missing sources.
- QA/QC Ban
5.3.3
5.3
5.3.2
5.3
5.3
5.3
5.3.1
5.3
5.1.3
-------
(•_
TABLE 9-1. (Continued)
" "'"'"'l."'""^^^^
•• •• ''••'•• ***^SP^rSPi.^^t™tfT
Annual (continued)
M|P""^W '••< - f- ™"'"'* mSS^fi™^^ '** ' *' W';"^&$
IllH8ip.^i^p^<*''^ 'f.'...^...'.^l^?%(^.*^y'TOpWT: ...? <./..;#...<...* :•::...••
'A survey form will be mailed with a questionnaire to all facilities to update
existing data. The data will be checked for completeness and reliability and
entered into the EIS.
A survey form will be taken to facility inspections and updated by
inspectors. Ninety percent of U.S. EPA Class Al facilities will be
inspected per year. Fifty percent of U.S. EPA Class A2 facilities will be
inspected per year. Updated data will be entered into the EIS.
A comparison will be performed of the change in facility emissions from the
previous year to the current year to check reasonableness of data.
A subset of all source types will be evaluated every year to check emission
estimation method codes for consistent application in the calculation of
emissions by checking emission.
Emission factors used in calculating sources emissions will be verified with
an AIRS-based SCC look-up table and the corresponding emission factor for
that SCC to identify errors in emission factor assignment.
Emission factors for a selection of sources will be examined to ensure
consistent application of emission factors.
The pollutant types reported for each source category will be compared for
completeness against an SCC code look-up table that contains a list of
pollutants for each source category in AIRS.
Emissions for each facility will be compared against those from the same
facility from the previous year. Increases over specific percentages for
specific facility sizes will be flagged and investigated.
Reported emissions will be compared against the allowable emissions for
that source. If reported emissions exceed the allowable emissions, the error
is flagged and corrected or an enforcement action will be initiated.
;- ivtW^aaSa^j^l^^
.^ V™ *!*f . *™"T . ™w^w|jfe&||i|j
5.2.2
5.2.2
5.3.2
6.1.3
6.1.3
6.1.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.3.2
-------
TABLE 9-1. (Continued)
* :' ' " <*^**wfo« x i "'/ -*
Annual (continued)
Checks will be performed to compare minor and major source classifications
against reported emissions tonnage. If a minor source exceeds the major
source threshold for any pollutant or if a major source reports less than the
major source threshold for any pollutant, the facility will be flagged,
investigated, and corrected as required.
For sources where emissions and throughput data are available, emissions
estimates will be divided by throughput or fuel consumption to produce
back-calculated emission factors (EF) and these back-calculated EFs will be
compared to listed EFs.
CEM data will be used to check reported source emissions estimates and
operating schedules for sources with in-slack monitors.
Emission percentile reports will be generated and used to flag 'outliers* for
follow-up investigation.
DER will review and document all data handling procedures.
A sample of at least ten percent of input data will be examined for
consistency with surveys and/or inspection data.
The QA/QC Coordinator, or designated personnel within each section, will
conduct an annual assessment of the central filing system once per year.
IEPA will document the results of its QA/QC efforts in the documentation
for its emissions inventory, which will address: raw data (including
emission factors) and references, calculation methods and references,
calculated emissions, and summarization of significant QA/QC actions and
other comments for each point source category. The inventory
documentation will, therefore, serve as an audit.
IEPA will conduct an independent and complete review of the QA/QC
procedures used to develop and maintain the ED. The effectiveness of these
procedures and the adequacy of technical and personnel resources will be
assessed and documented.
QA/^Plao&^iJl
6.3.2
6.3.2
6.3.2
6.3.2
5.3
5.3
5.3
7.1
7.1
v
-------
understand the limitations of the data and to choose the best data for use in developing
emissions estimates.
9.5 DATA COLLECTION AND HANDLING PROCEDURES
Data collection activities for the OzoneviUe Nonattainment Area emissions inventory
consisted of three major elements:
• Preliminary identification of emission sources;
• Specific collection procedures used to collect and handle emissions data from
these sources; and
• Performance of QA/QC tasks to ensure the completeness and reliability of the
data collected, the processing of these emissions data, and the reasonableness of
the resulting emissions estimates.
The following subsections present the methodology used to collect and process emissions data
and develop the OzoneviUe Nonattainment Area emissions inventory.
Identification of Emission Sources
The first activity in compiling the emission inventory was to identify all pertinent
sources located within the OzoneviUe nonttainment area that emit VOCs, CO, and NOX.
Identification of point sources was performed using information from:
• Permit applications;
• Facility inspections that check sources at a given facility against those contained
in the ED;
• A survey of unregistered sources; and
• Other databases, such as TRIS, which were cross-checked to identify potential
missing sources (e.g., those facilities that reported air emissions under SARA
Title III, but are not included in the EIS).
jei/sip 9-16
-------
Identification of area sources was performed by reviewing:
• The post-1987 area source inventory;
• EPA guidance documents;
• National databases;
• The Ozoneville Manufacturing Directory; and
• Local Telephone Directories.
Data Collection
In the early 1970s, when air pollution control programs at the State level were
accelerated because of the passage of the Clean Air Act in 1970, Ozoneville ran a
comprehensive program of source registration. All known industrial and commercial-
institutional sources suspected of any air emissions were registered. Since then, many more
sources have been added through the permit system and there is a continued efforts to identify
other pollution source's. Howtver, the major emphasis in control programs in the early 1970s
was on sources emitting particulates and sulfur dioxide. Consequently, relatively small sources
of VOC and other pollutants were not a priority. In order to deal with this potential deficiency,
a survey of VOC sources was performed by DER. A copy of the questionnaire used for the
survey is shown in Figure 9-2.
A total of 650 potential sources of VOC emissions were identified on the basis of the
number of employees within each SIC category with potential VOC emissions. A second
questionnaire was mailed to the identified sources. Out of these sources, 250 questionnaires
were returned. Each of the returned questionnaires was reviewed by an experienced DER
engineer to estimate VOC emissions. Facilities identified as area sources were forwarded to the
appropriate personnel. From this review, 47 plants were identified as potential VOC emitters of
10 tons per year or more. DER forwarded a complete registration package to these sources to
jei/sip 9-17
-------
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND QUESTIONNAIRE
Company Name
Date Person Completing Form w/Title
4-14-89 George Milad, Manager,
Chemical Engineering
Do any of the following descriptions apply to an
operation in your establishment? Indicate "yes" or
"no" for each of the seven items below.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Painting, varnishing, or lacquering of
articles in manufacture or repair?
Printing:
(i) Rotogravure?
(ii) Letterpress?
(iii) Lithographic
Solvent use, to thin paint, varnish,
lacquer, or ink?
Degreasing, use of 'solvents to* clean
parts, products, tools, or equipment?
Petroleum solvents, used to clean
fabrics or rugs?
Solvent or gasoline storage in tanks?
Any other operation that uses and
releases solvents or hydrocarbons?
Yes/No
Plant Address or Location
Mailing Address
as above
Phone No.
If so, please estimate annual volumes, using purchase
records, sales of product, or plant operating records.
1-a
1-b
2-a
2-b
3
4
5
6-a
6-b
7
How many gallons did you use
last year?
What was the solvent percent?
How many gallons of ink did
you use last year?
What was the solvent percent?
How many gallons of solvent
did you use?
How many gallons of solvent
did you use?
How many gallons of solvent
did you use?
What is the capacity of your
largest tank, gallons?
What was the throughput last
year in gallons?
How many gallons of solvents
or hydrocarbons used annually
in any other operation?
Annual
Volumes
PLEASE HELP US TO LEARN MORE ABOUT YOUR STATE'S AIR QUALITY. RETURN THIS FORM WITH
YOUR ANSWERS FILLED IN TO THE ADDRESS GIVEN BELOW:
Department of Air Pollution Control
Ozoneville Nonittunment ATM
High Towen - Suite 2
22 Second Drive
Ozoneville, Any State 11223
Telephone: (123)456-7891
Figure 9-2. Volatile Organic Compound Questionnaire.
jes/sip
9-18
-------
obtain detailed source data, but only a limited number of sources returned the completed
registration forms. The data obtained from these sources were entered into the existing
emission inventory database.
As mentioned above, DER updates its emission inventory for major sources every year
and for minor sources every other year. In the beginning of the update year, sources are
provided with a printout of the data in the database. Sources are requested to update these
data to account for any changes since the last update. Updates normally occur in the annual
operating rate. When this information is received, appropriate changes in the existing database
are made and emissions are recalculated. Although registered sources completed this process
in the early part of 1989, another survey of these sources was carried out with major emphasis
on VOC emissions. Using a simple questionnaire, sources were asked to report summer and
annual VOC emissions. Information on VOC emissions from the survey results were used to
update the existing emission inventories to the maximum extent possible.
For the area source emissions inventory, DER used techniques consistent with EPA's
-••
Procedures Documents. DER found that for some source categories, activity level data and
allocation factors were not available at the county or subcounty level. Where primary data
were not available at the required level, a zonal approach was used to agglomerate similar
areas into larger units that could be reallocated on the basis of information for which primary
data exist. The procedures used in these cases are documented in the area sources section of
the emission inventory report.
Most of the area source category emission estimates were produced with population,
employment (by SIC), housing, and land use data. The Center for Public Service of the
University ofOtonevule compiles and updates population and employment statistics. These
statistics were used as the basis for county estimates.
The remaining significant data set was land use. When specific information from State
agencies was not available, USGS 1:250,000 land use and land cover maps were used to make
assignments to the nonattainment areas. Facility-specific information was needed for landfills,
jes/iip 9-19
-------
hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs) and publicly owned
treatment works (POTWs).
Data for the mobile source inventories were resolved to county level. County-level
estimates were allocated to grid cells of 5 km2 each for use with the Urban Airshed Model.
Data resolved to the municipality level included fleet specifications, growth factors, registration
data, and MOBILE4.1 model runs. When primary information was not available for the area,
allocation procedures were used and the information was documented in the project notebook
by the QA Coordinator.
Data Handling
Data handling responsibilities were delegated to individual DER employees for point,
area, and mobile sources (see Figure 9-1). Separate emission databases were maintained for
each source. Data were entered into each database as they were received. Data collection
forms were filed and their content and location documented in the QA Coordinator's Data
Source Reference notebook. A separate notebook was maintained for each source category in
the inventory. A source category notebook documented att data sources investigated and used
for that source category. Emission estimation procedures and assumptions were also
documented. Finally, as the data were entered into the emissions databases, a computer file
index was maintained. The computer file name, contents, date of last update, and person
responsible were logged on the index. Figure 9-3 shows the computer file index form used by
DER.
9.6 DATA ANALYSIS
The data analysis QA/QC procedures implemented by the DER included:
• Input data QA;
• Emission estimation methodology consistency and reasonableness checks;
jes/sip 9-20
-------
AGENCY AVD DEPARTMENT:
Pollutant
- Date
Updated
Source
Figure 9-3. Sample Computer File Index Form.
-------
• Emission calculations consistency and documentation; and
• Validation of emission estimates.
Each of the above procedures is discussed in the following subsections.
Input Data Quality Assurance
The DER has implemented several QA/QC measures to ensure that the data input to the
ED are of the highest possible quality. Procedures have been implemented to evaluate the
completeness, reasonableness, consistency, and correctness of emissions data. There are two
purposes for these evaluations: first, to enable the analyst to make an informed choice between
two sources of the same data, especially if the data differ significantly in some respect; and
second, to allow the analyst and users of the inventory to make informed judgements about the
validity of the emission estimates for a particular category.
First, the ED has QC.checks that are inherent in the point source database design.
These features promote accuracy and reduce the potential for typographical and reasonableness
errors during data coding and handling. When a data entry error is made, ED communicates
the problem to the system operator. The error must be resolved by the operator before any
further data entry. The following are examples of ED database QA/QC measures.
Format Consistency—used to prevent entering data into the wrong field (e.g., entering a
source identification number in the control equipment code field).
Action-prevents deletion of data infields that control other data field
calculations.
Accuracy Checks—look-up tables automatically invoked for data consistency
(i.e., applicable State regulations per the Source Classification Codes (SCCs), percent
jet/lip 9-22
-------
efficiency per control device code, VIM zones, latitude/longitude coordinates, or city, county,
and State codes).
Completeness Checks—all fields in data record must be entered before continuing to
next record or attempting to print.
Second, the DER developed a QA worksheet addressing reasonable and comprehensive
data system checks on the point source facility level. The data elements in the worksheet are
required for inventory submittal through SAMS or AFS. Reasonable data range checks were
incorporated into the worksheet to identify missing and potentially incorrect data elements. The
types of range checks developed included operating schedule and throughput, equipment
capacities, pollutant codes, stack and plume parameters, fuel heat content, fuel consumption,
process rate, control equipment codes and efficiencies, and emission estimates.
An example of the worksheet described above is shown in Table 9-2. States should
include completed worksheets in an appendix as documentation of QA implementation. The
••*. • » •
range checks should be verified by each State to ensure that they apply to the State's particular
circumstances. Range checks that will need to be developed by the State are identified as "State"
in the "Range Check" column. Additional point source inventory checks an agency may wish to
implement are listed in Table 9-3.
The QA worksheets are included as Appendix Y. The column labeled "Reasonableness
Check" provides checks with the most probable ranges DER expected to encounter. The
"Missing Entries" and "Range Failures" columns were designed to keep a count of identified
problems. The Director of Inventory Preparation used these counts as an indication of
problems in survey design/clarity, data reasonableness, data entry efficiency, and internal
calculation methodologies. Facility records in the ED were randomly chosen for the data
checks. Fifty facility records with missing or erroneous data were identified. The record and
file number containing the incorrect data were noted in the appropriate column.
jei/iip 9-23
-------
I
TABLE 9-2. EXAMPLE POINT SOURCE DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE REFERENCE AND SUMMARY SHEET
i
Plant General
(
BBSnfetasSgsfe r it .jrjrT^'v f^" ."
FIPS State Code
FIPS County Code
Year of Record
Plant ID (AFS or NEDS)
Plant Name
Street Address
City Name
Zip Code
FIPS City Code
Plant Latitude
Plant Longitude
UTM Zone
UTM Easting
UTM Northing
Primary SIC Code
Inventory Type (Ozone
or CO)
it-gg?;
State
State
1990
State
State
State
State
State
State
State
State
State
State
State
CO or O3
-Missing
- Raftgrf
FaUwei
' Record
Number
H*»HIHi«^*iy
it
NO
to
-------
TABLE 9-2. (Continued)
;; ;n*'iil
•**
ssBBsaBBsssasassjssaaaiiiiHi
Point General
Dan, . ,
m^i^S^A' T?ffi'rffl? ' •*
FIPS State Code
FIPS County Code
Plant ID (AFS or NEDS)
Point ID (AFS or NEDS)
Hours Per Day
Days Per Week
Hours Operated Per Year
% Throughput Dec. - Feb.
% Throughput March - May
% Throughput June - Aug.
% Throughput Sept. - Nov.
sum of throughput
Boiler Capacity
% Space Heat
Reasonableness
;- '-,- Check ;"
/ ' < *> *x»^^^
State
f
State
State
State
<=24
<=7
hrs * days
0-100
0- 100
0- 100
0-100
ne 100
<80% or
>120%ofhrly.
max rate * fuel
heat content
>30% if true,
then is winter %
> summer %
Missing :
Entries
Range
Faitorea
Record
Number
....^EsSSER88HH^S
Mi
to
-------
TABLE 9-2. (Continued)
; :.;»^|
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^jgKSjjii^^^H
Point Pollutant
Stack
, , r
FIPS State Code
FIPS County Code
Plant ID (AFS or NEDS)
Point ID (AFS or NEDS)
Pollutant Code or CAS Code
SIP Regulation
FIPS State Code
FIPS County Code
Plant ID (AFS or NEDS)
Stack ID from AFS
Stack Height (feet)
Stack Diameter (feet)
Plume Height (vent height,
ft)
' »* ;'••'• :
Reasonableness
>> ***S»a^:.A
State
>f
State
State
%
State
State
State
State
State
State
> 100, then
review
blank for given
plume height
.5 > 30
>200, then
review
blank for given
stack height
Miaslng
hifaufet
Range i
Fajlttjfct':
any nonreactives
Record
Number
> UU&iHEfaHil
III
^^"-""e
O\
-------
I
TABLE 9-2. (Continued)
•
,,;,-,- l^^wHI
Stack
(Continued)
Segment General
'**':
iHffiM8BM§i!Jl^. JJSf^yy . . ..?...* . ;. ..
Temperature of Exit Gases
<°F)
Temperature Exit Gases
w/scrubber (°F)
Temperature Exit Gases w/o
scrubber (°F)
Exhaust Gas Flow Rate
(ACFM) (boilers)
Exhaust Gas Velocity
(ft/sec)
FIPS State Code
FIPS County Code
Plant ID (AFS or NEDS)
Point ID (AFS or NEDS)
Segment ID from AFS
SCC Number
Heat Content
Anthracite Coal
Bituminous Coal
fteasooablewess
60 > 2000
;
> 250, then
review
<250, then
review
capacity * temp
State
State
State
State
State
State
20-30
20-30
Miasing
&#*,
Range
jFdibjitet
Record
Number
iSa°
BEffiuaaitr:
-
K)
-------
s.
*
TABLE 9-2. (Continued)
*v
Segment General
(Continued)
Lignite
10-20
Record
Residual Oil
103 - 155
Distillate Oil
120 - 155
Natural Gas
800- 1100
Process Gas
400- 1100
VO
to
oo
Process Rate Units hourly
< 10% or
>125% *max
design capacity
Actual Annual Process Rate
Assume: 8000 Btu/hp * hr
Assume: 1 676250 hp
Coal (Ib/hr)
solid @ 7500 Btu/lb
0-5364000
liquid @ 100000 Btu/gal
0 - 402300
-------
e.
•5'
TABLE 9-2. (Continued)
'< • Data :M
- ^-^-J**1™™*
Segment General
(Continued)
Segment
Pollutant
pm> ':
•KM* '
•••Kfcsgt*'':: *^w«y»»
Natural Gas (Ib/hr)
@150 Btu/lb
@550 Btu/gal
Annual Fuel Consumption
(compare to previous year)
< 10 tons
10 - SO tons
50 - 100 tons
> 100 tons
Maximum Design Rate
O3 Season Process Rate
(daily)
CO Season Process Rate
(daily)
Stack ID Related to Segment
F1PS State Code
FIPS County Code
- Rsasonabfeftess
J' Check'"
>
0 - 8.94 x 107
0 - 2.68 x 108
% change ± 200
% change ± 100
% change ± 50
% change ± 10
0 - 2.68 x 108
State
State
State
Miftsiag -
•- Enfclei
Ran^e
F«Uureft
•.
Record
Number
RevSesww&l
:\ WwS^^SSsssagsl
•'M,""*' '*''''
'
Bffiu.
v
K)
-------
•§•
TABLE 9-2. (Continued)
' £'•
Segment
Pollutant
(Continued)
' • i
Plant ID (AFS or NEDS)
Point ID (AFS or NEDS)
Segment ID from AFS
Pollutant Code or CAS Code
Primary Control Device
Code
Secondary Control Device
Code
Control Efficiency
SIP Regulation in Place
Compliance Year
Emission Limitation
Description
Emission Limitation Value
PH
PD
PM
-«* "' '/; ' ' ' '"•''•
•• RfcSBOjBafcteoeas -,-,
^•^'•f^Af^ /< . :t'?; '' '
•Hi
^^^^^jl^^
vD
-------
TABLE 9-2. (Continued)
:
Segement
Pollutant
(Continued)
m\: ':• ••
Element ' '-
PY
TH
TD
TM
TY
Emission Limitation Units
Reasonableneas •
l<3H86l? v ,
0- 1.071 x l&
»
t
0 - 62;.
0 - 1488
0-44640
0 - 535680 >
800000
Pound/hour (PH)
Pound/day (PD)
Pound/month
(PM)
Pound/year (PY)
Ton/hour (TH)
Ton/day (TD)
Ton/month (TM)
Ton/year (TY)
Missing
•• Bttftai
- Range ;
F4Uur*i
Record
Ntitntttf
f$ £&£%• f f < '
m^^K^0 . .•>. . ..
-------
* TABLE 9-2. (Continued)
v£>
^
to
Segment
Pollutant
(Continued)
•i&r*i
Emission Estimation Method
Emission Factor g/hr
Season Adjustment Factor
Annual Nonbanked Emission
PH
PD
PM
PY
TH
TD
TM
TY
i 'f **! Z'Jffi * '', %/ '"'', ':
\
State
>!
0 - 6 x. 108
compare to AIRS
SCC assigned
EFs
1.25
> 124000
> 2976000
> 89280000
>1.071x 109
>62
>1488
> 44640
> 535680
•• / > •" "•
^
'-PlW* :
Number
' ' ^^^^^Hnml^HI^^B
m
-------
8.
*
TABLE 9-2. (Continued)
Segment
Pollutant
(Continued)
(compare to previous year)
Range
Faiturei
Record
Number
< 10 tons
% change ± 200
10 - 50 tons
% change ± 100
SO - 100 tons
% change ± SO
> 100 tons
% change ± 10
u>
Rule Effectiveness (%)
0.8
O3 Season Emissions (Ib/day)
CO Season Emissions
(Ib/day)
0-720000
-------
TABLE 9-3. ADDITIONAL POINT SOURCE INVENTORY COMPLETENESS CHECKS
i
Facility
Permit
V
Incomplete/invalid UTMs
Missing UTMs
Total facilities
Significant facilities
Invalid SIC codes
Missing SIC codes
Total facilities
Significant facilities
Missing ownership code
Incomplete fugitive information
Incomplete facility address
Misspelled facility city names
. *•
Possible incorrect facility ZIP codes
Incomplete company address
Misspelled company city names
Possible incorrect facility ZIP codes
Facilities without addresses
Facility addresses to update
Company addresses to update
Possible duplicate ID numbers
Permit without contact
Permit without received date
Permit with invalid received date
Permit with invalid status date
Permit with invalid expiration date
Permit without analyst
jes/sip
9-34
-------
TABLE P-J. (Continued)
"
Permit (Continued)
Source
Mode
, - - •> s- ^ '•• - s ,
Permit without confidential code
Granted permit without expiration date
Expiration date without granted permit
Missing/incomplete status/status date/expiration date
Granted permits without a source or control coded
Number of expired permits
Total
Significant facilities
Number of denied and rejected permits
i
Denied
Rejected
Missing source name
Source without permit number
Source without mode segment
Invalid process type code
Incorrect process type code
Invalid SCC number
Missing SCC number
Incorrect SCC number
SCC number without fuel code
Incomplete fuel fields
Invalid heat contents per fuel type
Improper throughputs
Modes with zero hours of operation
Total average hours > maximum hours
jei/aip
9-35
-------
TABLE 9-3. (Continued)
I
Mode (Continued
Emissions
Control
-"--'•* ' " '" ""
SCC number without process weight rate (PWR)
Total
Total except tanks
Tanks only
Possible extra from blank SCC number
Average PWR > maximum PWR
SCC number without operating rate
Total
Extra from blank SCC number
Average operating rate > maximum operating rate
Modes without emissions
Mode not feeding a control or stack
Invalid rule
Rule not matching pollutant
Actual emissions > allowable emissions
Paniculate
Sulfur dioxide
Nitrogen oxides
Volatile organic compounds (VOC)
Carbon monoxide
Lead
PM10 emissions > paniculate emissions
Missing control name
Control without permit
Control without a control code
Control name that doesn't agree with control code
Control without efficiency
Control not fed by a mode or control
Control not feeding a control or stack
jei/sip
9-36
-------
TABLE 9-3. (Continued)
_ •
Stack
Statistics
- - "-
Incomplete UTMs
Invalid UTMs
Missing UTMs
Total stacks
Stacks at significant facilities
Incomplete stack information
Average temperature > maximum temperature
Average flow rate > maximum flow rate
Average plume height > maximum plume height
Maximum temperature no average temperature
Maximum flow rate no average flow rate
Maximum plume height no average plume height
Stick not fed by a source or control
Dummy ID numbers
Facilities with UTMs
Facilities with SIC
Significant facilities
SCC beginning with 1 or 2
SCC beginning with 3, 4, or 5
Emission segments with rule
Emission segments without rule
Number of stacks
Number of plumes
Stacks at significant facilities
Facility UTM but not stack UTM
je>/sip
9-37
-------
TABLE 9-3. (Continued)
Statistics (Continued)
Stacks with UTMs
Of construction permits
Of operating permits
jei/itp
9-38
-------
Finally, DER developed a second worksheet where the facility record data errors and
corrections were documented. The facility record and file number were used as a cross-
reference to the range check worksheet.
The error documentation and resolution worksheet should be developed for each facility
record containing erroneous data. The worksheet, along with copies of the erroneous facility
record and corrected facility record, should be submitted in the emission inventory report as an
appendix as proof of QA implementation. Table 9-4 provides an example of such a worksheet.
The error documentation worksheet, contained in Appendix Z, has three basic sections:
facility identification information, error identification information, and an
explanation/resolution of errors detected. The bottom of each worksheet was signed by the
person who identified the error and the person who corrected the error. The source of the
identified error and an explanation of how it occurred is thoroughly explained in the third
section of the worksheet. Both the Director of Inventory Preparation and the persons
responsible for data collection and entry were advised of the types of errors found and their
•*•• . **
causes. The proper procedural modifications were made to avoid redundancy of prevalent
errors. The major types of errors encountered were missing data elements, erroneous
information from the data source, incorrectly entered data, and incorrectly defined or applied
calculation equations. The resolution of the data error was also described in this subsection.
The QA procedures implemented for the area source inventory are discussed in the
Emissions Calculation Consistency and Documentation section. Mobile sources QA procedures
are presented in Appendix C of the emission inventory report.
Emissions Estimation Methodology Consistency and Reasonableness Checks
Several emission estimating techniques may be used to calculate emissions from point
sources. When more than one method was available for calculating a source's emissions, site-
specific information, such as stack testing or continuous in-slack monitors, was given first
priority. If stack test or continuous emissions monitoring data were not available, process
jei/aip 9-39
-------
TABLE 9-4. EXAMPLE POINT SOURCE DATA QUALITY ASSURANCE
DOCUMENTATION FORM
FACILITY IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION
Record Number:
Facility ID: \
SCC Code:
SCC
Description:
ERROR IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION
Type of Error (check error type):
suggested range error
reasonableness error
missing entry error
Data Elements Corrected: (provide printouts/photocopy of wrong
& corrected record)
Data Element Wrong Value Corrected Value
EXPLANATION AND SOURCE OF ERROR
Reviewer's Signature :
Review Date(s) :
Corrector's S ignature:
Date Corrected :'
je^fip 9-40
-------
information for the source, such as annual coating quantities used in material balance
calculations, was given priority. If site-specific emissions data were not available, emission
factors were utilized in conjunction with site-specific throughput data to estimate emissions.
Documentation of the specific estimation method used in computing a source's emissions
is a significant aspect of the QA/QC program. Such documentation is necessary regardless of
who (i.e., source or agency personnel) performs the emission calculations.
In order to ensure the development of a complete point source emissions inventory, an
emission estimation method code was assigned to each emission source. When emission factors
were chosen as the designated estimation tool for a particular source category, all sources
within that category used the same emission factor. If this was not the case, an explanation is
provided clearly justifying the use of an alternative emission factor. A code was assigned to
each emission factor documenting the source of the emission factor (date and title of
document).
*.-• . *•
The emission factors should be documented along with the other emission estimation
methodologies on a form like the one described earlier.
The emission estimation method codes utilized in the point source inventory include:
Measurement-Derived Methods:
• Emissions based on source testing (primarily, stack testing);
• Emissions based on the use of continuous in-stuck monitors;
• Emissions based on fuel analysis; and
• Emissions based on fence-line monitoring and air quality modeling.
Estimation/Calculation Methods:
• Emissions based on material balance;
• Emissions based on material safety data sheets;
jet/.ip 9-41
-------
• Emissions calculated using standard emission factors;
• Emissions based on engineering calculations; and
• Other (description of methodology was specified).
DER developed a list of preferred emission estimation techniques for each source category, by
SCC code.
The State should develop a point source emission methodology documentation form. The
purpose of this form is to document which emission calculation methods were used for the point
source inventory. Each of the methods used should be listed and each of the source categories
using the method should be identified. Also, the percentage of the source category covered under
that approach should be determined. For example, emissions for half of the facilities identified in
a source category may have been obtained from source testing data, while emissions for the other
half may have been determined according to materials balances. The State should attempt to
ensure that the most preferred method was employed for each source category and explanations
should be provided if the preferred method was not used, or if several different methodologies
were used with one source category.
The above form should be submitted with the inventory report as documentation of
estimation methodologies used for each point source category and proof of quality assurance.
Emission estimation methods were reviewed as a part of the QA process. When the
emission estimation method code indicated that an emission factor was used in calculating
emissions for a particular source, the emission factor field was checked to determine if an
emission factor was inputted. If the field was blank, the emission factor was hand-calculated
by dividing At source's emissions by the corresponding activity level (e.g., fuel consumed,
material throughput) to determine the emission factor used. This hand-calculated emission
factor was compared to the AP-42 emission factor for that source. Discrepancies were
investigated to determine if the hand-calculated emission factor was justified. If inadequate
jet/sip 9-42
-------
documentation was provided, the sources'! emissions were recalculated using the AP-42
emission factor.
Emission factors were also checked for reasonableness. An emission factor used in
calculating a source's emissions was verified with a look-up table that contains the SCCs and
the corresponding emission factors for each SCC. A computer program was used to perform
this emission factor comparison. Emission factors that did not correspond with those contained
in the look-up table were output in an exceptions report for further investigation and possible
correction.
The State should include any such comparisons and QA procedures in an appendix in the
emission inventory report as proof of QA implementation and to facilitate the review of the
emission estimation procedures.
Emissions Calculation Consistency and Documentation
••>• .-.•
, Documentation of methods used in calculating facility emissions estimates is a
significant aspect of a QA/QC program, particularly when these calculations are performed by
many different parties (e.g., various DER staff, industry). For each source category included
in the point source emissions inventory, the emission estimation method used was documented
(as illustrated in the previous section). A hand-calculated example showing all assumptions,
unit conversions, and emissions factors used in calculating the emissions estimates for the
subject source was also performed and is discussed here.
The important point in this QA/QC step is to document calculation methods for all
significant source types. Sample calculations illustrating the two general types of equations
that were used to compute point source emissions estimates are illustrated in the following
examples.
jei/sip 9-43
-------
The generalized equation to calculate VOC emissions estimates using a material balance
was:
Emissions estimate = (U ' **> * SD
D * W
where:
U = material used (gallons solvent/year);
M = material accounted for (gallons solvent/year);
SD = solvent density (pounds/gallon);
D = daily activity rate (days/week); and
W = weekly activity rate (weeks/year).
The general equation used to calculate daily emissions estimates was:
' Emission, estimate - EF *
-------
The first step was to calculate the RE control efficiency (CEFF), using the following
formula.
CEFF - (Control efficiency) x (RE factor)
The second step was to then calculate the daily emissions estimates by the following formula:
Emissions estimate - Q * *P • CBPP • SAP
D * W
where:
Q — activity rate (tons solvent/year, 1000 gallons fuel/year, or tons
material/year);
EF = uncontrolled emission factor (pounds/ton of solvent used,
pounds/1000 gallons fitel, or pounds/ton material),'
CEFF = RE control efficiency;
SAF = seasonal adjustment factor (dimensionless);
D = ''daily activity rate (days/week); and
W = weekly activity rate (weeks/year).
When seasonal adjustment factors (SAF) were applied, the following series of equations were
used:
(Peak season activity) * 12 months _
(Annual activity) * (Peak season months)
Seasonally adjusted emissions estimates were then calculated using the following generalized
formula:
Emissions estimate -
-------
The State should include calculation and QA check sheets in an appendix to the emission
inventory report as proof that a representative sample of point source emission estimates was
checked. The calculation sheet should show the equations used, the actual calculations, and
document all assumptions and data sources. Tables 9-5 and 9-6 show examples of potential
calculation and QA sheets, respectively. An agency may choose to use a more detailed form, as
best suits the State's particular circumstances.
The QA procedures implemented by DERfor the area source inventory includes
documentation of each area source category using a worksheet. The worksheet was developed
for documenting area source category definitions, emission estimation methodologies,
assumptions, and data sources. The Quality Assurance Coordinator reviewed each worksheet
and signed it after any discrepancies were corrected.
States should include the area source category documentation and QA worksheets in an
appendix to the emission inventory report. A worksheet should be developed for every area
source category in the inventory. Any errors identified should be resolved and documented using
*.*• . v»
the worksheet. Table 9-7 shows an example area source category QA worksheet. The purpose
of this worksheet is to provide documentation of area source category definitions and emission
estimation methodologies. Each area source category in the inventory should be documented
using an individual worksheet. Agencies may choose to use a different format, as best suits the
State's particular circumstances.
Validation Procedures for Emission Estimates
One of the final QA/QC checks performed in the emission inventory was the evaluation
of the completeness, reasonableness, and accuracy of the emission estimates. Examples of
these types of checks include evaluating whether all pollutant types expected to be emitted by a
source in a given source category are included, and that the emission estimates are within the
expected range established for that source category.
jei/sip 9-46
-------
TABLE 9-5. EXAMPLE POINT SOURCE CALCULATION SHEET
Explanation and Description of Operation:
Sample Calculation:
Data Source:
Data for Method:
Job Number
Performed by: _ _Date:
9-47
-------
TABLE 9-6. EXAMPLE POINT SOURCE QUALITY ASSURANCE SHEET
OA SHEET
Job Number:
Operation:
Performed by: Date:
- For computer based calculations, a manual check of the protocol is required and at least
one manual calculation using the protocol must be made.
The check of the protocol shall include ensuring that the computer calculation
accurately reflects the operation(s) from the Calc Sheet for the calculation.
- For manual calculations, 5% of the calculations are required to be recalculated and
confirmed.
jei/sip 9-48
-------
TABLE 9-7. EXAMPLE AREA SOURCE CATEGORY DOCUMENTATION AND
QUALITY ASSURANCE WORKSHEET
AREA SOURCE CATEGORY DEFINITIONS AND CALCULATIONS
QUALITY ASSURANCE WORKSHEET
Area Source Category Definition:
SCC Code(s):
Emission Estimation Methodology (text description):
Was the same emission factor used for all source in category?
Describe alternative methodologies and data sources considered.
Were all sources in the category treated the same?
Reference Source for Activity Data:
Activity Data Calculation and Assumptions:
Quality Assurance Procedures Implemented to Verify Reasonableness of Activity Data Used:
Data Reference Source for Emission Factor Data:
Emission Factor Data Calculation and Assumptions:
Quality Assurance Procedures Implemented to Verify Reasonableness of Emission Factor Used:
Equation Used for Calculation Emissions:
Quality Assurance Check of Calculated Emissions:
(every area source category calculation should be verified)
Seasonal Adjustment Factors Applied:
Scaling-up Procedures Used:
Was Rule Effectiveness and Rule Penetration Applicable:
How Were Point Source Emissions Excluded:
How Were Nonreactive VOCs Excluded:
Reviewer's Signature:
Date Reviewed:
File Identification Number
jes/iip 9-49
-------
The primary completeness check performed on the OzonevUle nonattainment area
emission estimates was the evaluation of whether all the expected pollutant types for each
source category were reported. The pollutant types reported for a source category were
compared against a look-up table that contains acceptable SCC codes and "yes or no" for each
pollutant. The look-up table was based on the reported pollutant types for each source category
in the AIRS and EPA guidance materials. A report showing the differences between reported
pollutant types and those expected for a source category was generated and reviewed by the
inventory supervisor.
Reasonableness checks were also performed to evaluate the accuracy of the calculated
emissions estimates. Reasonableness checks discussed in this subsection include evaluation
methods to determine whether the calculated emissions were within the expected range for a
given source category.
For VOC sources, the percent of the total point source VOC emissions estimates
attributable to small sources (<25 tons/yr) was calculated. The percentage should have been
at least 5 percent, based on national figures. The contribution of small VOC sources to total
VOC emissions estimates was greater than 5 percent. Therefore, a review of the small VOC
sources included in the point source emissions inventory was not necessary to identify potential
or missing VOC sources. Emissions of any pollutant greater than 0.025 Ib/hr (0.1 tons/yr)
were verified and included in the ED as a non-zero value.
For the synthetic organic chemicals manufacturing industry (SOCMI) source category,
sources were checked to determine if VOC emissions from fugitive leaks were quantified.
Fugitive leak emissions estimates were computed and added to the inventory for several
facilities. Fugitive leak VOC emissions estimates should have been 1 to 10 times larger than
emissions from vents, reactors, etc. Fugitive leak VOC emissions estimates outside this range
were checked for accuracy and updated as required.
Several other reasonableness checks were also utilized in the Ozoneville nonattainment
area point source emissions inventory. Reasonableness checks were initially made to evaluate
jes/sip 9-50
-------
the accuracy of the source's actual emissions. Actual emissions were compared with the
allowable emissions for that source. If actual emissions exceeded the allowable emissions, the
error was flagged and the calculations were checked for errors in coding. If no coding errors
were found, then the PMT Section was notified, unless the source was already noted as being
out-of-compliance.
A second reasonableness check compared the source's current year's actual emissions
with the previous year's emissions. For example, emissions for any pollutant in the current
year was flagged if the difference from the previous year exceeded the following conditions:
Source Emissions by Pollutant (tons/vr) Percent Change in Emissions bv Pollutant
(10 ±200
10 - 50 ±100
50 -100 ±50
)100 ±10
Any facilities flagged were investigated individually to identify causes for the changes.
For sources where emissions and activity data were available, emissions estimates were
divided by throughput or fuel consumption to produce back-calculated emission factors. For
sources using an emission factor in the calculations, this back-calculated value should have
been equal to the emission factor. When the calculated value was lower than for other sources
of the same type, a potential underestimation of emissions was indicated and appropriate
corrections made as needed. In cases where an emission factor was not used, such as for
storage tank emissions, the emissions/activity level varied. However, outlying values were
identified using frequency distribution plots and investigated for consistency in calculation
methods.
For sources that used continuous in-stock monitors, emission estimates were developed
using these continuous emission monitoring (CEM) data (adjusted for missing time periods)
and compared against estimates obtained using other techniques. Any significant discrepancies
jej/sip 9-51
-------
were investigated. CEM data were also used to check seasonal and daily source operating
schedules and emissions contained in the ED.
Area source category emission estimates were validated by comparing the relative
magnitude of estimated emissions with other published inventories. The area source categories
were ranked according to emissions magnitude, where the largest category was assigned a rank
equal to 1. If any of the source category ranks were unreasonably different than their
corresponding ranks in the other published inventories, then the category emission factor and
activity data were reviewed for errors.
The State should identify the specific inventories used for comparison with its area source
inventory (i.e., AIRS, TRIS, other State inventories). Additionally, any other validation
procedures implemented should be documented and submitted as an appendix in the inventory
documentation.
9.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL AUDITS
•• •»
The final step in the QA/QC process is to perform an internal audit of the inventory. The
internal audit is an opportunity to examine the effectiveness of the existing inventory preparation
procedures, ensure that the procedures are being followed, and make changes to improve the
process.
Internal Audits
Internal audits were conducted by the DER to verify the completeness and reliability of
the emission* inventory data and procedures. Exhaustive quality review checklists have been
developed by EPA that address two levels of review that should be performed during an audit
(Quality Review Guidelines for 1990 Base Year Emission Inventories. EPA-450/4-91-022). The
OzoneviUe DER performed inventory audits using these checklists prior to submittal of the
emissions inventory.
jet/sip 9-52
-------
The State should include the completed copies of the Level 1 and Level 2 checklists as an
appendix to the emission inventory report. The State may also wish to summarize any corrective
actions taken as a result of the audit.
External Audits
External audits are performed by EPA to review the reasonableness of the emission
estimates and of the QA/QC procedures. There are two stages in the inventory development
process during which external audits may take place. The first is during the inventory
preparation period, at which time the EPA Regional Office can review the procedures being used
by a State. The auditors may review the IPP, which includes the QA/QC plan, with a view
towards checking the inventory preparation activities against the proposed IPP and the QA/QC
Plan.
The second is after submittal of the emissions inventory to the EPA Regional Office. The
purpose of such an audit is to ensure that all feasible required inventory requirements were
addressed in the inventory submittal and that the information structure exists to support the data
contained in the inventory.
External audit visits may include interviews with persons responsible for collecting the
inventory data, assimilating the source and emissions information, calculating the emissions, and
preparing the inventory reports and reviews of State files and records. The purpose of the
interviews are to establish that the agency is following or has followed the procedures outlined in
the QA/QC plan in preparing the inventory. The audit may include procedures to address:
• Comparison of the emissions inventory components to the specified requirements;
• Completeness of the inventory in terms of the source categories addressed;
• General quality of the inventory as determined by comparison to the QA/QC
checklist;
jei/itp 9-53
-------
• Necessary disaggregation of the inventory summary by source category to allow
for evaluation of the emission estimations; and
• Adequacy of supporting documentation including calculations or other emissions
determinations.
The State should document all external audit correspondence and measures taken to revise
the final inventory. This documentation should be submitted with the final inventory.
jei/rip 9-54
-------
APPENDIX A
SAMPLE AIRS FACILITY SUBSYSTEM (AFS) REPORTS
This appendix contains three sample report printouts from the AFS database of
AIRS. Appendix A-l represents an example of AFS Report AFP644 - AFS Plant Emissions
Inventory. Appendix A-2 illustrates AFS Report AFP649 - AFS County Point Source
Summary. AFS Report AFP634 - Emission Ranking for a Pollutant: VOC is contained in
Appendix A-3. The example tables were extracted from the publically available portions of
the AIRS database as of the date of this report. The data do not necessarily represent 1990
base year emissions for these sources and areas.
A-l
-------
A-2
-------
Appendix A-l. AFS Report AFP644 -AFS Plant Emissions Inventory
DATE: 03/36/92
AFS PLANT EMISSIONS INVENTORY
PGM: AFP644
PAGE: 1
>
u>
PLANT: 4099 - VALKYRIE SHIPBUILDERS INC CURRENT 1987
STATE: SO/46 CITY: 66700 - VERMILL10N
COUNTY: 137 - ZIEBACH CO MSA: •
YEAR OF EMISSIONS : 1987
SIP INVENTORY INDICATOR : 02 - OZONE SIP INVENTORY
NUMBER OF STACKS: 2 NUMBER OF POINTS: 2 NUMBER OF SEGMENTS: 3
PLANT NAME: VALKYRIE SHIPBUILDERS INC CURRENT
ADDRESS : 2162 ROUTE 1
CITY.STATE: VERMILLION.SD 12345-6789
AOCfl : 206
STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATIONS:
1041 - GOLD ORES
5039 - CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS. NEC
5012 - AUTOS ft OTHER MOTOR VEHICLES
1987
LAST PLANT UPDATE : 92/03/12
REGIONAL PLANNING : 09
LOCAL CONTROL REGN: 09 .
INSPECTOR : A01 - HEX CALLOMAY
AMBIENT MONITORING: Y SOURCE MONITORING: Y
MAILING ADDRESS:
NAME : VALKYRIE FIBERGLASS HULLS
ADDRESS ':• P.O. BOX 82164
CITT.STATE: YIGO.GU 12345-6789
NEDS : 4099 EPA ID NUMBER : EPA-10-71589 DUNN ft BRADSTREET : DBXX71589 COS : 40099
EMISSIONS
LATITUDE
LONGITUDE
SER PLANT
CONTACT
;
;
ID
42
101
:56
:59
:
: ERIKSON. (987)654-3210
:15
:47
123456789012
UTM ZONE
HORIZONTAL
VERTICAL
14
255.5 KM
4758.0 KM
NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES : 5
EMERGENCY CONTROL PLAN :
STATE DATA ELEMENT 1 :
STATE DATA ELEMENT 9 :
PROPERTY AREA (ACRES) :
3 -
111
UNKNOWN
STATUS
•
STATE DATA ELEMENT
0.3
90
PRINCIPAL PRODUCT : SAILING SHIP REPAIR
AFP64405 -- AFTER AFN64411 DCANNOT-USE: NO
= = = C = = = = = = = = = CS = = ===== = ==S;; = = SC = = = = = a = f==-= = = = a=-SSS; = = = ===;;f=£ = = = = = ac;: = S = === = ;=S£ = =:£ = = = = = = = = = = = = C = = = = = = = = = =
PLANT POLLUTANT:
POLLUTANT ESTIMATED UNITS ALLOWABLE UNITS POT. UNCTRL UNITS POT. CNTRL UNITS ACTUAL UCNTRL UNITS
10025873
N02
CO
PT
VOC
POLLUTANT
N02
CO
VOC
11.34000 PY
204.5625 PY
.0000002 PH
8.912200 PY
CO DAILY UNITS
.0125000 PD
1
OZONE DAILY
.0125000
.0125000
89.12344
TY 1 TY 1 TY 1 TY
1.2 TY
UNITS ADJUSTED UNITS
PD 4.562500 PY
PO
PD
PLANT COMMENT:
-------
Appendix A-l. Continued.
DATE: 03/26/92 AFS PLANT EMISSIONS INVENTORY PGM: AFP644
PAGE: 2
SSSSSSSS^ZSSSSSSSSSS^SSSSSSSiSSSSSSSSStSSSXSSSSS^SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSXSSSSSSSSSSSSSS^XSSSSSSSSXSZSSSSSSSSiSSSSSS^SSSSiSSSSSSSSSSSSZ
PLANT: 4099 - VALKYRIE SHIPBUILDERS INC CURRENT 1987 YEAR Of EMISSIONS : 1987
STATE: SO/46 CITY: 66700 - VEMULUQN SIP INVENTORY INDICATOR : 02 - OZONE SIP INVENTORY
COUNTY: 137 - ZIEBACH CO MU: • NUMBER OF STACKS: 2 NUMBER OF POINTS: 2 NUMBER OF SEGMENTS: 3
COMMENT COMMENT
NO.
001 E THE SAILS ARE TO BE REPLACED BEFORE THE LAUNCH.
LINE 2
LINE 3
LINE 4
-------
Appendix A-l. Continued.
DATE: 03/26/92
AFS PLANT EMISSIONS INVENTORY
PGM: AFP644
PAGE: 3
=============S=======I===Z=====================================================================================
PLANT: 4099 - VALKYRIE SHIPBUILDERS INC CURRENT 1987
STATE: SO/46 CITY: 66700 - VERNILLION
COUNTY: 137 - ZIEBACH CO USA: •
YEAR Of EMISSIONS : 1987
SIP INVENTORY INDICATOR : 02 - OZONE SIP INVENTORY
NUMBER OF STACKS: 2 NUMBER OF POINTS: 2 NUMBER OF SEGMENTS:
STACK INFORMATION: 001 - CNTR OF YARD
STACK HEIGHT (FT) : 1249
STACK DIAMETER (FT) : 0.14
PLUME HEIGHT (FT) : 15
UTN HORIZONTAL : 255.50 KM
UTN VERTICAL : 4758.00 KM
EXIT GAS TEMPERATURE (F) : 1543
GAS FLOW RATE (ACFM) : 1234567
EXIT GAS VELOCITY (FT/SEC) : 2.4
LATITUDE : 42:56:15 ;.
LONGITUDE : 101:59:47
STACK TYPE CODE: U - A VERTICAL STACK WITH A WEATHER CAP OR SIMILAR OBSTRUC. IN
POLLUTANT ESTIMATED UNITS MEASURED UNITS METHOD
EMISSION RECORDER : Y
STACK LINING : 1 -
ROUGH TERRAIN IND. : Y
GEP STACK HEIGHT (FT)
GEP BUILDING HEIGHT (FT)
GEP BUILDING LENGTH (FT)
GEP BUILDING WIDTH (FT)
METAL
1124
36
98
56
10025873
N02
CO
PT
VOC
POLLUTANT
N02
CO
VOC
COMMENT
NO.
11.34000 PV
4.562500 PY
.0000002 PH
8.912200 PY
CO DAILY UNITS
.0125000 PO
COMMENT
.05
OZONE DAILY
.0125000
.0125000
89.12344
PY 2 - OTHER PARTICIPATE SAMPLING TRAIN
UNITS ADJUSTED UNITS
PD 4.562500 PY
PO
PD
001 E TRACE OF P ARTICULATE ESCAPE PAST THE BAGHOUSE.
LINE 2
LINE 3
LINE 4
STACK INFORMATION: 002
STACK HEIGHT (FT)
STACK DIAMETER (FT)
PLUME HEIGHT (FT)
UTN HORIZONTAL :
UTN VERTICAL :
STACK TYPE CODE:
12
12.00
0.00 KM
0.00 KM
EXIT GAS TEMPERATURE (F)
GAS FLOW RATE (ACFM)
EXIT GAS VELOCITY (FT/SEC)
LATITUDE : 00:00:00
LONGITUDE : 0:00:00
0 EMISSION RECORDER :
0 STACK LINING :
0.0 ROUGH TERRAIN IND. :
GEP STACK HEIGHT (FT) :
GEP BUILDING HEIGHT (FT) :
GEP BUILDING LENGTH (FT) :
GEP BUILDING WIDTH (FT) :
0
0
0
0
=====aa«=a=========s=ssss==========s=s========s========s:========ss========ss=sss:ss=s=3s;*
-------
Appendix A-L Continued.
DATE: 03/36/92
AFS ARCHIVE PLANT EMISSIONS INVENTORY
PGM: AFP644
PAGE: 4
PLANT: 4099 - VALKYRIE SHIPBUILDERS INC CURRENT 1987
STATE: SO/46 CITY: 66700 - VEMIUION
COUNTY: 137 - 2IEBACH CO MSAl -
YEAR OF EMISSIONS : 1987
SIP INVENTORY INDICATOR : 02 - OZONE SIP
NUMBER OF STACKS: 2 NUMBER OF POINTS: 2
INVENTORY
NUMBER OF SEGMENTS
: 3
POINT INFORMATION: 001 E STACK *'S 001
EMISSIONS POINT DESCRIPTION: BUS POINT DESCRIP
USER POINT ID : 111
CONFIDENTIAL INDICATOR : N
PERCENT THRUPUT: DEC-FEB: 02X
MAR-MAY: 58X
JUN-AUG: 28X
SEP-NOV: 12X
BURNER TYPE MAKE : AIROVNE
MODEL : 3 - STEAM ATOMIZER
INSTALLATION DATE : 87/07/15
CONTROL REGULATION
DESIGN CAPACITY
OPERATING SCHEDULE
HOURS PER DAY
DAYS PER UEEK
HOURS PER YEAR
.
1234/1234/1234
12345 HORSEPOWER
SPACE HEAT : 12. 3X
04
5
0530
DRAFT TYPE : 3 - NATURAL
DRAFT CONTROL TYPE : 4 - GUILLOTINE
DRAFT CONTROL LOCATION : 2 - BREECHING
OPERATION START TIME: 0815
OPERATION END TIME: 1715
STATE DATA ELEMENT
5: 123456
1
12
1234
POLLUTANT ESTIMATED UNITS STATE DEF'D UNITS MEASURED UNITS METHOD
VOC 8.912200 PV .001 PY .001 PV 2 - OTHER PARTICULATE SAMPLING TRAIN
H02 11.34000 PV
CO 204.5625 PY
PT .0000002 PH
SIP YEAR YEAR
POLLUTANT CO DAILY UNITS OZONE DAILY UNITS ADJUSTED UNITS LIMIT UNITS LIMIT DESCRIPTION RULE REG MOO
VOC 89.12344 PD .001 PV EMIS LIMIT DESCRIP V 83 83
N02 .0125000 PD 4.562500 PY
CO .0125000 PD .0125000 PD
COMMENT COMMENT
NO.
001 E WHITE PAINT FOR THE WATER LINE.
LINE 2
LINE 3
LINE 4
£S = = SSBSSSSSC3SBBSS3S3;±3B=SE3BBS===SSSSBBSBSSSSS&S3SBBBBS£S£C = = S ====CSBSBSBXESSSCaS£SffXSCSB;;CEBB = 3:=CCC = ;;3S3==SSS = S=3S=3S=S=S::
POINT TANK INFORMATION: 001 E
-------
Appendix A-l. Continued.
DATE: 03/26/92
AFS ARCHIVE PLANT EMISSIONS INVENTORY
PCM: AFP644
PAGE: 5
PLANT: 4099 - VALKYRIE SHIPBUILDERS INC CURRENT
STATE: SO/46 CITY: 66700 - VERM1LL10N
COUNTY: 137 - ZIEBACH CO MSA: -
1987
YEAR OF EMISSIONS : 1987
SIP INVENTORY INDICATOR : 02 - OZONE SIP INVENTORY
NUMBER OF STACKS: 2 NUMBER OF POINTS: 2 NUMBER OF SEGMENTS:
POINT TANK INFORMATION: 001 E
DIAMETER (FT): 054
LOADING TYPE : XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
TURNOVER/YR : 0.00
DATA FOR FIXED ROOF TANKS ONLY:
ROOF PAINT COLOR : 1 -
SHELL PAINT COLOR : 1 -
PAINT CONDITION : G -
AVERAGE VAPOR SPACE HEIGHT(FT): 12
DIURNAL TEMPERATURE CHANGE (F): 12
HEIGHT (FT) : 024
UNITE
UNITE
GOOD
AGE
04 YEARS
COLOR: 1 - UNITE
DATA FOR FLOATING ROOF TANKS ONLY:
CONSTRUCTION TYPE ..
TANK SHELL CONDITION
DECK CONSTRUCTION ..
SEAL TYPE
AVERAGE UIND (MPH)..
SUPPORT TYPE
1 - EXTERNAL FLOATING ROOF. CONSTRUCTION DETAIL NO
3 - GUNITE LINED
1 - UELDED
5 - RESILIENT SEAL (NONMETALLIC). UITH WEATHER SHI
12.12
1 - SELF-SUPPORTING FIXED ROOF UITH NO INTERNAL SU
POINT SEGMENT INFORMATION: 001 E/01 (STACK 001) - NAPHTHALENE FOR STRIPPER
SOURCE CLASSIFICATION CODE: 30100101
ANNUAL FUEL PROCESS RATE :
MAXIMUM OPERATION RATE PER HOUR:
PEAK CO SEASON DAILY PROCESS RATE
PEAK OZONE SEASON DAILY PROCESS RATE
FUEL DATA: SULFUR: 12.123X ASH:
ASH/SULFUR ORIGIN: FEDERAL
TANK DATA:
VAPOR PRESSURE : 11.1111 PSIA
VAPOR MOL. UT. : 111 LB/LB HOLE
PEAK OZONE SEASON VAPOR PRESSURE
POLLUTANT:
- CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING - ADIPIC ACID
- GENERAL
01 TONS OF PRODUCT
1.000
2.000 I - USER INPUT
10.000 I - USER INPUT
12.12X HEAT CONTENT: 12345.67 MMBTU - TONS OF PRODUCT
ASH/SULFUR SOURCE: S SUPPLIER: BEMERS
SOLVENT DATA: CONTROL EQUIPMENT:
CONFIDENTIAL INDICATOR: N
MSDS (YR): 90
SDE6 : 6 SOE7 : 77777
PURCHASED (GAL) : 123456
REPROCESSED (GAL): 654321
12.3456 PSIA
COST :
INSTALLATION DATE:
12345.67
86/07/07
CO
EMISSIONS / UNITS / METHOD
ESTIMATED :
MEASURED :
CO DAILY :
OZONE DAILY:
BANKED :
.0125 PO
.0125 PO
.0125 PD
.0125 PD
.1 TY
2 - MATERIAL BALANCE U/ KNOWLEDGE OF PROCESS
2 - OTHER PARTICULATE SAMPLING TRAIN
2 - MATERIAL BALANCE U/ KNOWLEDGE OF PROCESS
2 - MATERIAL BALANCE U/ KNOWLEDGE OF PROCESS
EMISSION FACTOR / ORIGIN / SOURCE
12345.6
FEDERAL
-------
Appendix A-l. Continued.
DATE: 03/26/92
AFS PLANT EMISSIONS INVENTORY
PGM: AFP644
PAGE: 6
PLANT: 4099 - VALKYRIE SHIPBUILDERS INC CURRENT
STATE: SO/46 CITY: 66700 - VEMIUIQN
COUNTY: 137 - ZIEBACH CO MSA: •
1987
YEAR OF EMISSIONS : 1987
SIP INVENTORY INDICATOR : 02 -
NUMBER OF STACKS: 2 NUMBER OF
OZONE SIP
POINTS: 2
INVENTORY
NUMBER OF SEGMENTS:
POINT SEGMENT INFORMATION: 001 E/01 (STACK 001) - NAPHTHALENE FOR STRIPPER
N02
>
oo
PT
VOC
CONTROL EQUIPMENT: •
PRIMARY : 001 - MET SCRUBBER • HIGH EFFICIENCY
SECONDARY: 086 - UATER CURTAIN
RULE EFFECTIVENESS: X METHOD :
SIP RULE IN PLACE : YEAR REGULATED: YEAR LAST MODIFIED
TRACE ELEMENT : 0.0000008X METHOD: 4 - ESTIMATE FROM LITERATURE
EMISSIONS / UNITS / METHOD
EFFICIENCY: 12.345X ADJUSTED EFFICIENCY: O.OOOX
METHOD: 5 - CALCULATED. BASED ON MATERIAL BALA
ADJ METHOD:
SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT FACTOR:
SOE8: 8
EMISSION FACTOR / ORIGIN / SOURCE
MATERIAL BALANCE W/ KNOWLEDGE OF PROCESS 12345.6 FEDERAL 7
OTHER PARTICULATE SAMPLING TRAIN
MATERIAL BALANCE W/ KNOWLEDGE OF PROCESS
MATERIAL BALANCE U/ KNOWLEDGE OF PROCESS .6
ESTIMATED .00567 TY 2 -
MEASURED .0125 TY 2 -
OZONE DAILY .0125 PD 2 -
ADJUSTED .0125 PD 2 -
BANKED .0125 PD
LIMIT .0125 PO
LIMIT-DESCRIPTION: EM1S LIMIT DESCR1P
CONTROL EQUIPMENT:
PRIMARY : 001 - WET SCRUBBER - HIGH EFFICIENCY EFFICIENCY:
SECONDARY: 086 - WATER CURTAIN METHOD:
RULE EFFECTIVENESS: 100X METHOD : D - DEFAULT VALUE (SOX) ADJ METHOD:
SIP RULE IN PLACE : Y YEAR REGULATED: 84 YEAR LAST MODIFIED : 83
TRACE ELEMENT : 0.0000008X METHOD: 4 - ESTIMATE FROM LITERATURE
12.345X ADJUSTED EFFICIENCY: 12.345X
5 - CALCULATED. BASED ON MATERIAL BALA
1 - TESTED EFFICIENCY. BASED ON EPA RE
SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT FACTOR: 0
SDE8: 8
EMISSIONS / UNITS / METHOD EMISSION FACTOR / ORIGIN / SOURCE
ESTIMATED : .0000013 TY 8 - AFS NATIONAL EMISSION FACTOR (COMPUTER-C- CONTROL EQUIPMENT:
PRIMARY : 007 - CENTRIFUGAL COLLECTOR - HIGH EFFICIENCY EFFICIENCY: 99.700X ADJUSTED EFFICIENCY:
SECONDARY: - METHOD: -
TRACE ELEMENT : O.OOOOOOOX METHOD: - SDE8:0
EMISSIONS / UNITS / METHOD EMISSION FACTOR
ESTIMATED : .0044561 TV 8 - AFS NATIONAL EMISSION FACTOR
-------
Appendix A-l. Continued.
DATE: 03/26/92 AFS PLANT EM I SSI QMS INVENTORY PGM: AFP644
PAGE: 7
PLANT: 4099 - VALKYRIE SHIPBUILDERS INC CURRENT 1987 YEAR OF EMISSIONS : 1987
STATE: SO/46 CITY: 66700 - VEMIILIOM SIP INVENTORY INDICATOR : 02 - OZONE SIP INVENTORY
COUNTY: 137 - ZIEBACH CO MSA: - NUMBER OF STACKS: 2 NUMBER OF POINTS: 2 NUMBER OF SEGMENTS: 3
POINT SEGMENT INFORMATION: 001 E/01 (STACK 001) - NAPHTHALENE FOR STRIPPER
CONTROL EQUIPMENT: >,
PRIMARY : 001 - HET SCRUBBER - HIGH EFFICIENCY EFFICIENCY: 98.910X ADJUSTED EFFICIENCY: O.OOOX
SECONDARY: - METHOD: 1 - TESTED EFFICIENCY. BASED ON EPA RE
RULE EFFECTIVENESS
SIP RULE IN PLACE
TRACE ELEMENT
BOX METHOD : 0 - DEFAULT VALUE (SOX) ADJ METHOD:
Y YEAR REGULATED: 76 YEAR LAST MODIFIED : SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT FACTOR:
O.OOOOOOOX METHOD: - '• SDE8: OT
EMISSIONS / UNITS / METHOD EMISSION FACTOR/ORIGIN/SOURCE
MEASURED : .1 TY 1 • U.S. EPA REFERENCE METHOD
CONTROL EQUIPMENT:
PRIMARY : - EFFICIENCY: O.OOOX ADJUSTED EFFICIENCY: O.OOOX
SECONDARY: - METHOD: -
TRACE ELEMENT : O.OOOOOOOX METHOD: - SDE8:- CHEMICAL INFORMATION: 0
CAS NUMBER DENSITY UGHTX
7446095 .1 12.21
COMMENT COMMENT
NO.
001 E AFTER STRIPPING THE WOOD . USE SNAPPY TEAK NEW.
LINE 2
LINE 3
LINE 4
POINT SEGMENT PROJECTED INFORMATION: 001 E/01 (STACK 001)
«C=S=a======S=====SS=S=SCSCC====5==a=====S£CS=*=C==3==Cr?=C===C==£==========£S££===££SS=SCSCC=£====S=====C£=££===:========S=========
PROJECTION YEAR: 94 INVENTORY TYPE: N - MODELING PROJECTION EMISSIONS TYPE INDICATOR: GB - GROWTH AND BASE YEAR CONTROLS
-------
Appendix A-l. Continued.
DATE: 03/26/92 AFS PLANT EMISSIONS INVENTORY PGM: AFP644
PAGE: 8
PLANT: 4099 - VALKYRIE SHIPBUILDERS INC CURRENT 1987 YEAR OF EMISSIONS : 1987
STATE: SO/46 CITY: 66700 - VERMILLION SIP INVENTORY INDICATOR : 02 - OZONE SIP INVENTORY
COUNTY: 137 - ZIEBACH CO MSA: - NUMBER OF STACKS: 2 NUMBER OF POINTS: 2 NUMBER OF SEGMENTS: 3
POINT SEGMENT PROJECTED INFORMATION: 001 E/01 (STACK 001)
--jr-r33ttgcg-rg3gjEc«p»»«»»Ma»»»»awwrggff**"*gg""°ggggKg*g=-~--~~~~~~~~~~~"~~~~~
N02 EMISSIONS / UNITS / METHOD
PROJECTED : .00004 PY 01 - s
LIMIT : .0005 PY GROWTH FACTOR : 11.11
LIMIT-DESCRIPTION: PROJECTION LIMIT DESCRIPTIO SIP RULE IN PLACE: Y
YEAR REGULATED : 83-
CONTROL EQUIPMENT:
PRIMARY : 001 - UET SCRUBBER - HIGH EFFICIENCY EFFICIENCY: 12.345X
SECONDARY: 002 - UET SCRUBBER - MEDIUM EFFICIENCY METHOD: 1 - TESTED EFFICIENCY, BASED ON EPA REFERENC
RULE EFFECTIVENESS: 84X METHOD : D - DEFAULT VALUE (SOX)
POINT SEGMENT INFORMATION: 001 E/02 (NO STACK)
SOURCE CLASSIFICATION CODE: 30100101 - CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING - ADIPIC ACID
- GENERAL
> ANNUAL FUEL PROCESS RATE : TONS OF PRODUCT CONFIDENTIAL INDICATOR:
,L MAXIMUM OPERATION RATE PER HOUR: 0.000 MSDS (YR):
O PEAK CO SEASON DAILY PROCESS RATE : 0.000 SDE6 : SDE7 :
PEAK OZONE SEASON DAILY PROCESS RATE: 0.000
FUEL DATA: SULFUR: O.OOOX ASH: O.OOX HEAT CONTENT: 0.00 MMBTU - TONS OF PRODUCT
ASH/SULFUR ORIGIN: ASH/SULFUR SOURCE: SUPPLIER:
TANK DATA: SOLVENT DATA: CONTROL EQUIPMENT:
VAPOR PRESSURE : 0.0000 PSIA PURCHASED (GAL) : 0 COST ..... '. ..... : 0.00
VAPOR MOL. UT. : 0 LB/LB MOLE REPROCESSED (GAL): 0 INSTALLATION DATE: / /
PEAK OZONE SEASON VAPOR PRESSURE : 0.0000 PSIA
POLLUTANT:
CO EMISSIONS / UNITS / METHOD EMISSION FACTOR / ORIGIN / SOURCE
ESTIMATED : .1 TV 1 - SOURCE TEST OR OTHER EMISSION MEASUREMENT
CONTROL EQUIPMENT:
PRIMARY : - EFFICIENCY: O.OOOX ADJUSTED EFFICIENCY: O.OOOX
SECONDARY: - METHOD: -
-------
Appendix A-l. Continued.
DATE: 03/26/92
AFS PLANT EMISSIONS INVENTORY
PGM: AFP644
PAGE: 9
PLANT: 4099 - VALKYRIE SHIPBUILDERS INC CURRENT
STATE: SD/46 CITY: 66700 - VERMILLION
COUNTY: 137 - ZIEBACH CO MSA: •
1987
YEAR OF EMISSIONS : 1987
SIP INVENTORY INDICATOR : 02 - OZONE SIP INVENTORY
NUMBER OF STACKS: 2 NUMBER OF POINTS: 2 NUMBER OF
SEGMENTS: 3
POINT SEGMENT INFORMATION: 001 E/02 (NO STACK)
RULE EFFECTIVENESS
SIP RULE IN PLACE
TRACE ELEMENT
X METHOD :
YEAS REGULATED:
O.OOOOOOOX METHOD:
ADJ METHOD:
YEAR LAST MODIFIED
SEASONAL ADJUSTMENT FACTOR:
SOE8:-
POINT INFORMATION: 005 E
==aaaaa8KccagcssaaB8caEas=es
EMISSIONS POINT DESCRIPTION:
USER POINT ID :
CONFIDENTIAL INDICATOR :
PERCENT THRUPUT: DEC-FEB
MAR-MAY
JUH-AUG
SEP-NOV
BURNER TYPE MAKE :
MODEL : -
INSTALLATION DATE : /
OOX
OOX
OOX
OOX
CONTROL REGULATION
DESIGN CAPACITY
OPERATING SCHEDULE
HOURS PER DAY
DAYS PER UEEK
HOURS PER YEAR
DRAFT TYPE :
DRAFT CONTROL TYPE :
DRAFT CONTROL LOCATION
SPACE HEAT : 00. OX
00
0
0000
OPERATION START TIME:
OPERATION END TIME:
STATE DATA ELEMENT
5:
POINT SEGMENT INFORMATION: 005 E/01 (NO STACK)
SOURCE CLASSIFICATION CODE: 50300101 - SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL
- MULTIPLE CHAMBER
ANNUAL FUEL PROCESS RATE : TONS BURNED
MAXIMUM OPERATION RATE PER HOUR: 0.000
PEAK CO SEASON DAILY PROCESS RATE
PEAK OZONE SEASON DAILY PROCESS RATE
FUEL DATA: SULFUR: O.OOOX ASH:
ASH/SULFUR ORIGIN:
TANK DATA:
VAPOR PRESSURE : 0.0000 PSIA
VAPOR NOL. UT. : 0 LB/LB MOLE
PEAK OZONE SEASON VAPOR PRESSURE :
INDUSTRIAL - INCINERATION
0.000
0.000
.OOX
CONFIDENTIAL
MSDS (YR):
SDE6 :
INDICATOR:
SDE7
HEAT CONTENT: 0.00 MMBTU - TONS BURNED
ASH/SULFUR SOURCE: SUPPLIER:
SOLVENT DATA: CONTROL EQUIPMENT:
PURCHASED (GAL) : 0 COST ........... :
REPROCESSED (GAL): 0 INSTALLATION DATE:
0.0000 PSIA
0.00
/
-------
Appendix A-2. AFS Report AFP649 - AFS County Point Source Summary
DATE : 03/20/92
AFS COUNTY POINT SOURCE SUMMARY
PGM: AFP549
STATE: 48 TEXAS COUNTY: 201 HARRIS CO
TOTAL
t OF
PLANT NAME AND ADDRESS SIC AQC UTZ UTMH UTMV POINTS YR VOC
CHEMICAL EXCHANGE INOUSTRIBAYTOWN 2869 216 15 305.0 3293.1 4 85 103.0
0534 NO STREET ADDRESS
NO CITY NAME
00003 HOECHST CELANESE CHE
0003 9502 BAYPORT ROAD
PASADENA
00006 CROWN CENTRAL PETROL
0006 111 RED BLUFF ROAD
HOUSTON
00008 FINA OIL AND CHEMICA
0008 HIGHWAY 134 & MILLER
LA PORTE
00009 OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL
0009 TIDAL ROAD
OEER PARK
00010 AMERICAN NATIONAL CA
0010 8501 EAST FREEWAY
.. HOUSTON
00013 EXXON CHEMICAL AMERI
0013 8230 STEOMAN STREET
HOUSTON
00014 EXXON CHEMICAL AMERI
0014 5000 BAYWAY DRIVE
8AYTOWN
00015 ETHYL CORPORATION
0015 SOUTH BOULEVARD
PASADENA
00022 EXXON CORPORATION US
0022 2.4 MI. FROM OOWNTOW
TOM8ALL
00023 EXXON CORPORATION
0023 51210 RED BLUFF-6ENO
PASADENA
00027 EXXON COMPANY USA
0027 2800 DECKER DRIVE
8AYTOWN
00031 TEXAS PETROCHEMICALS
0031 8600 PARK PLACE BLVO
HOUSTON
00033 REICHHOLO CHEMICALS
0033 1503 HADEN
HOUSTON
00039 SHELL OIL COMPANY
0039 HWY 225 OF BATTLE 6R
OEER PARK
00040 LYONOELL PETROCHEMIC
0040 12000 LAWNOALE
HOUSTON
00000
2869 216 15 300.2 3278.6 74 85 2054.9
,
75011
2911 216 15 286.7 3290.1 106 88 1398.0
77501
2821 216 15 298.1 3290.5 35 88 1314.0
77536
2869216 15 295.7 3291.0 13088 1060.0
77536
3411 216 15 280.1 3296.2 39 88 226.0
7501 U
2869 216 15 279.5 3293.6 32 85 31.0
75011
2869 216 15 304.8 3292.1 165 88 4172.0
77520
2869 216 15 290.4 3291.0 189 88 4568.0
77503
1321 218 15 246.4 3329.3 32 85 103.0
77375
1321 216 15 293.5 3278.0 44 85 159.0
77507
2911216 15 305.2 3292.1 42088 13079.9
77520
2869 216 15 281.8 3287.4 167 85 5195.0
77017
9999 218 15 288.4 3294.7 15 85 1157.0
77015
2911 216 15 294.1 3290.0 751 88 12927.9
77536
2911 216 15 283.7 3289.4 244 88 4662.0
77017
A-12
0.0 0.0 0.0 ..C
o.o o.o o.o :
0.0 0.0 0.0 3
0.0 0.0 0.0 • }
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 G.u
0.0 0.0 0.0 C •
0.0 0.0 0.0 C
0.0 0.0 0.0 C
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 O.U
0.0 0.0 0.0 0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0
-------
Appendix A-2. Continued.
DATE : 03/20/92
AFS COUNTY POINT SOURCE SUMMARY
PGM: AF»549
STATE: 48 TEXAS COUNTY: 201 HARRIS CO
TOTAL
* OF
PLANT NAME AND ADDRESS SIC AQC UTZ UTMH UTMV POINTS YR VOC
00046 HOUSTON LIGHTING AND 4911 216 IS 285.0 3300.1 19 85 21.0
0046 12070 OLD BEAUMONT H
HOUSTON 77015
00052 TEXAS ALKYLS INCORPO 2869 216 15 298.0 3287.6 42 85 105.0
0052 730 BATTLEGROUND ROA
DEER PARK 77536
00055 QUANTUM CHEMICAL COM 2869 216 15 300.4 3288.3 220 88 5784.0
0055 1515 MILLER CUT-OFF
DEER PARK 77536
00059 TENNECO METHANOL COM 2869 216 15 292.0 3290.7 99 86 365.0
0059 HVY 225 PASADENA
PASADENA 77501
00062 AMERADA HESS CORPORA 4226216 14 771.2 3293.2 5585 218.0
0062 12901 AMERICAN PETRO
GALENA PARK 77457
00075 LYONOELL PETROCHEMIC 2869 216 15 296.0 3301.7 217 SB 1273.0
0075 8280 SHLEDON ROAD
"" CHANNELVIEV 77530 ':*
00076 ANHEUSER BUSCH INCOR 2082 216 15 280.6 3295.6 15 85 9.0
0076 775 GELLHORN DRIVE
HOUSTON 77013
00078 DIXIE CHEMICAL COMPA 2869 216 15 301.5 3277.3 138 85 99.0
0078 10701 BAY AREA BLVD
HOUSTON 77571
00087 REEF INDUSTRIES INCO 9999 216 15 276.5 3280.3 16 88 210.0
0087 10020 MYKAWA
HOUSTON 77048
00088 GOODYEAR TIRE AND RU 2822216 15 281.1 3287.4 21285 4840.8
0088 2000 GOODYEAR DR.
HOUSTON 75011
00091 GATX TERMINALS CORPO 4226 216 15 212.8 3266.9 152 85 987.9
0091 906 CLINTON DRIVE
GALENA PARK 77547
00092 GATX TERMINALS CORPO 5171 216 IS 287.0 3296.0 95 85 1360.0
0092 530 NORTH WITTER STR
PASADENA 77506
00094 FMC CORPORATION 2819 216 15 302.6 3279.3 34 85 35.0
0094 12000 BAY AREA 80ULE
HOUSTON 77507
00117 MOBIL CHEMICAL COMPA 2869 216 15 282.3 3287.6 36 85 237.0
0117 9822 LA PORTE FRWY.
HOUSTON 75011
00118 TEXAS EASTERN PROOUC 4789 216 15 305.4 3294.1 28 88 214.0
0118 4227 DECKER DRIVE ft
8AYTOUN 77520
00152 PHILLIPS PIPE LINE C 5171 216 15 289.4 3289.3 26 88 312.0
0152 HWY 225 AND JEFFERSO
PASADENA 77501
A-13
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
0.0 0.0 0.0 Q.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
o.o o.o o.o a.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
0.0 0.0 0.0 Q.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
0.0 0.0 0.0 Q.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.
-------
Appendix A-3. AFS Report AFP634 • Emission Ranking for a Pollutant: VOC
EMISSION RANKIN6 FOR A POLLUTANT: VOC /
PROGRAM: AFP634
PAGE: 1
TOTAL EMISSIONS: 99708 (TONS/YEAR) ARCHIVE YEAR: N/A
RANK RE6ION STATE AOCR COUNTY PLANT NAME/AOORESS
1 06 46 216 201 0027
00027
2 06 46 216 201 0039
00039
3 06 48 216 201 0055
00055
4 06 48 216 201 0031
00031
" 5 06 48 216 201 '0088
00088
6 06 48 216 201 0034
00034
7 06 48 216 201 0040
00040
8 06 48 216 201 0015
00015
9 06 48 216 201 0036
00036
10 06 48 21ft 201 0014
00014
11 06 48 216 201 0021
00021
EXXON COMPANY USA
2800 DECKER DRIVE
BAYTOVM
SHELL OIL COMPANY
HWY 225 OF BATTLE OR
DEER PARK
QUANTUM CHEMICAL COM
1515 MILLER CUT-OFF
DEER PARK
TEXAS PETROCHEMICALS
8600 PARK PLACE 8LVO
HOUSTON
GOODYEAR TIRE AND RU
2000 GOODYEAR OR.
HOUSTON
ROHM AND HAAS TEXAS
P. 0. BOX 672 • DEER
DEER PARK
LYONOELL PETROCHEMIC
12000 LAWNDALE
HOUSTON
ETHYL CORPORATION
SOUTH BOULEVARD
PASADENA
SHELL OIL COMPANY
STATE HWY. 225
DEER PARK
EXXON CHEMICAL AMERI
5000 BAYVAY DRIVE
BAYTOWN
J M HUBER CORPORATIO
NEEDLEPOINT RO. CARS
BATTOMI
TOTAL
EST
YEAR OF TONS/
UTNH UTMV EMISSIONS YEAR
305.2 3292.1 88 13079
294.1 3290.0 88 12927
300.4 3288.3 88 5784
281.8 3287.4 85 5195
281.1 3287.4 85 4840
340.3 3393.3 88 4766
283.7 3289.4 88 4662
290.4 3291.0 88 4568
340.3 3393.3 88 4551
304.8 3292.1 88 4172
315.1 3299.3 85 3545
PUNT
EMISSIONS
X OF CUM
TOTAL TOTAL
13.1 13
12.9 26
5.8 31.
5.2 37.
4.8 41.
4.7 46.
4.6 51.
4.5 55.
4.5 60.
4.1 64 .
3.S 58.
-
3
0
9
5
7
t
A-14
-------
Appendix A-3. Continued.
DATE 03/20/92
PAGE: 2
EMISSION RANKING FOR A POLLUTANT: VOC /
TOTAL EMISSIONS: 99708 (TONS/YEAR) ARCHIVE YEAR: N/A
RANK REGION STATE AQCR COUNTY PLANT
12 06 48 216 201 0178
00178
13 06 48 216 201 0003
00003
14 06 48 216 201 0065
' 00065
15 06 48 216 201 0018
00018
-"
16 06 48 216 201 0006
00006
17 06 48 216 201 0248
00248
18 06 48 216 201 0092
00092
19 06 48 216 201 0008
00008
20 06 48 216 201 0075
00075
21 06 48 216 201 0048
00048
22 06 48 216 201 0033
00033
YEAR OF
NAME/AOORESS UTMH UTMV EMISSIONS
ISK BIOTECH CORPORAT 290.5 3294.3 88
2239 HAOEN ROAO
PASADENA
HOECHST CELANESE CHE 300.2 3278.6 85
9502 BAYPORT ROAO
PASADENA
PHIBRO REFINING INC 0.0 0.0 88
9701 MANCHESTER
HOUSTON
CHEVRON CHEMICAL COM 314.8 3300.4 88
9500 IH-10 EAST
BAfTOVN
CROWN CENTRAL PETROL 286.7 3290.1 88
111 RED BLUFF ROAO
HOUSTON
PAJCTANK CORPORATION 297.2 3292.0 85
2759 BATTLEGROUND RO
DEER PARK
GATX TERMINALS CORPO 287.0 3296.0 85
530 NORTH WITTER STR
PASADENA
FINA OIL AND CHEMICA 298.1 3290.5 88
HIGHWAY 134 ft MILLER
LA PORTE
LYONDELL PETROCHEMIC 296.0 3301.7 88
8280 SHLEDON ROAO
CHANNELVIEW
PHILLIPS 66 COMPANY 289.0 3290.4 88
HWY 255 AT JEFFERSON
PASADENA
REICHHOLD CHEMICALS 288.4 3294.7 85
1503 HAOEN
HOUSTON
PROGRAM:
TOTAL
EST
TONS/
YEAR
3132
2054
1743
1405
1398
1364
1360
1314
1273
1227
1157
PLANT
AFP63-
EMISSIONS
X OF
TOTAL
3.1
2.0
1.7
1.4
1.4
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.1
CUM X
TOTAL
71.4
73.4
75.2
76.6
78.0
79.4
30.7
82.1
83.3
84.6
85.7
A-15
-------
APPENDIX B
SAMPLE AIRS AREA AND MOBILE SOURCE (AMS)-PC REPORTS
This appendix contains a sample report printout from the AMS-PC database.
Several example pages are provided for AMS Report AMSR6100 - Detailed Inventory
Report. This report illustrates an example of the fixed form report that is available in AMS-
PC. The examples shown in the appendix were extracted from Version 2.0 of AMS-PC just
released. The report illustrates a useful way to summarize and present base year area source
data for the inventory documentation report.
B-l
-------
B-2
-------
Appendix B. AMS-PC Report AMSR6100 • DtUuUd Inventory Report
DATE: 03/26/92
AREA AND MOBILE SOURCE - PC
INVENTORY REPORT
PAGE: 2
PGM: AMSR61QC
INVENTORY TYPE: BASE YEAR
PROVIDER..!...: STATE
DETAILED INVENTORY REPORT
Example AMS Report Printouts
BASE YEAR: 1990
COUNTY: 21 - BUNCOMBE
CITY:
STATE: NC (37) - NORTH CAROLINA
6140 - BLACK MOUNTAIN ZONE: 0000
CATEGORY DATA
SOURCE CATEGORY: 24/25/010/000
Lithography -- Total: All Solvent Types
VALUE UNITS
350.100. 374-Persons
ACTIVITY
LEVEL
LEVEL LIMIT :
NEW CONTROLS:
GROWTH FACTOR :
NEW CONTROLS :
AS* CONTENT(X) :
SULFUR CONTENT(X):
FUEL LOADING : N/A
DAYS PER WEEK : 5 WEEKS PER YEAR: 52
CATEGORY COMMENT
This is a 1itho plant.
PROCESS
0 Not Applicable
POLLUTANT DATA
POLLUTANT: VOC (43104J-VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EMISSION TYPE: AC - ACTUAL
VALUE UNITS
ANNUAL EMISSIONS : 174.09632 Tons/Year
EMISSION FACTOR : 1.3 565-lb/person (S/C)
EMISSION FACTOR LIMIT: *********
NEW CONTROLS : *****
REACTIVITY (X) : 0.00
CONTROLS
SIP RULE IN PLACE : R-RACT YEAR REGULATED: 1985
RULE EFFECTIVENESS: YEAR MODIFIED : 1985
RULE PENETRATION : 50.0 (S/C) CONTROL EFF : 58.74 (S/C)
CTG CLASS : ***
POLLUTANT COMMENT
VOC emissions estimated from Heatset Lithography only.
MONTH
BEG - END
JUN - AUe
PERIOD
THRUPUT(X)
25.0(S/C)
- PERIOD DATA-
PERIOD: PO - Peak Ozone Season
ADJUSTMENT FACTORS
WKOAY(X) SAT(X) SUN(X)
PERIOD EMISSIONS : 1.339.202
EMISS FACTOR : 1.3 565-lb/person
EMISS FACTOR LIMIT: 0.0
LIMIT-NEW CTRLS:
(S/C)
INTERVAL CODE: *
START HOUR: XX
INTERVAL EMISSIONS:
INTERVAL THRUPUT : 999.9 (X/X)
* - Indicates missing data
- Indicates not available in AMS-PC
B-3
-------
Appendix B. Continued.
DATE: 03/26/92
AREA AND MOBILE SOURCE - PC
INVENTORY REPORT
PAGE: I
PGM: AXSR61CI
INVENTORY TYPE: BASE YEAR DETAILED INVENTORY REPORT BASE YEAR: 1990
PROVIDER : STATE Example AMS Report Printouts
STATE: NC (37) - NORTH CAROLINA
COUNTY: 21 - BUNCOMBE CITY: 6140 - BLACK MOUNTAIN ZONE: 0000
- CATEGORY DATA POLLUTANT DATA
SOURCE CATEGORY: 21/04/006/000 . POLLUTANT: CO (42101)-CARBON MONOXIDE
Natural Gas -- Total: All Combustor Types EMISSION TYPE: AC - ACTUAL
ACTIVITY VALUE UNITS PROCESS VALUE UNITS
LEVEL : 109,953. 258-10*6 Cubic Feet 1 Burned ANNUAL EMISSIONS : 1.099.53 Tons/Year
LEVEL LIMIT : EMISSION FACTOR : 20. 522-lb/10'6 cubic fe(S/C)
NEW CONTROLS: ***** EMISSION FACTOR LIMIT: Httfttft
NEW CONTROLS : *****
GROWTH FACTOR : ***** ' REACTIVITY (X) : 100.00 (E/N)
NEW CONTROLS : *****
CONTROLS
ASH CONTENT(X) : SIP RULE IN PLACE : N-NONE YEAR REGULATED: N/A
SULFUR CONTENT(X): RULE EFFECTIVENESS: YEAR MODIFIED : N/A
FUE'L LOADING : N/A * * RULE PENETRATION : N/A CONTROL EFF
DAYS PER WEEK : 7 WEEKS PER YEAR: 52 CTG CLASS
CATEGORY COMMENT
Residential Natural Gas Combustion. Activity data was
obtained from Black Mountain Natural Gas. Inc. 1990 data.
POLLUTANT COMMENT
Emission factor data source: AP-42.
MONTH
BEG - ENO
DEC - FEB
PERIOD
THRUPUT(X)
60.0(S/C)
-- PERIOD DATA-
PERIOD: PC - Peak CO Season
ADJUSTMENT FACTORS
WKDAY(X) SAT(X) SUN(X)
PERIOD EMISSIONS : 14.499.29
EMISS FACTOR : 20. 522-lb/10"6 cubic fe
EMISS FACTOR LIMIT: 0.0
LIMIT-NEW CTRLS:
INTERVAL CODE: f
START HOUR: XX
INTERVAL EMISSIONS:
INTERVAL THRUPUT : 999.9 (X/X)
I - Indicates missing data
- Indicates not available In AMS-PC
B-4
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Appendix B. Continued.
DATE: 03/26/92
AREA AND MOBILE SOURCE - PC
INVENTORY REPORT
PAGE: 4
PGM: AMSR61QG
INVENTORY TYPE: BASE YEAR
PROVIDER : STATE
DETAILED INVENTORY REPORT
Example AMS Report Printouts
BASE YEAR: 1990
COUNTY: 57 - DAVIDSON
CITY: 00000
STATE: NC (37) - NORTH CAROLINA
ZONE: 0000
CATEGORY DATA
SOURCE CATEGORY: 28/01/500/000
Agricultrual Field Burning -- Total
ACTIVITY
LEVEL :
LEVEL LIMIT :
NEW CONTROLS:
GROWTH FACTOR
NEW CONTROLS
ASK CONTENT(X) :
SULFUR CONTENT(X):
FUEL LOADING
VALUE UNITS
4.500. 301-Acres Burned
1.9 801
PROCESS
1 Burned
DAYS PER WEEK : 7 WEEKS PER YEAR: 52
CATEGORY COMMENT
Activity level data obtained from Davidson County Agricul
tural Extension Service. 1990. Fuel Loading factor obtai
ned from AP-42.
............... POLLUTANT DATA .....................
POLLUTANT: VOC (43104)-VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
EMISSION TYPE: AC - ACTUAL
VALUE UNITS
ANNUAL EMISSIONS :
EMISSION FACTOR :
EMISSION FACTOR LIMIT:
NEW CONTROLS :
REACTIVITY (X) :
72.675
17.
Tons/Year
510-lb/ton
0.00
CONTROLS
SIP RULE IN PLACE : N-NONE
RULE EFFECTIVENESS:
(S/C) RULE PENETRATION : N/A
POLLUTANT COMMENT
(S/C)
YEAR REGULATED: N/A
YEAR MODIFIED : N/A
CONTROL EFF : ttttt
CTG CLASS : +++
MONTH
BEG - END
JUN - AUG
PERIOD EMISSIONS :
EMISS FACTOR :
EMISS FACTOR LIMIT:
LIMIT-NEW CTRLS:
PERIOD
THRUPUT(X)
10.0(S/C)
: 399.31318
: 17.
0.0
PERIOD DATA-
PERIOD: PO - Peak Ozone Season
ADJUSTMENT FACTORS
WKOAY(X) SAT(X) SUN(X)
510-lb/ton
(S/C)
INTERVAL CODE: I
START HOUR: XX
INTERVAL EMISSIONS:
INTERVAL THRUPUT : 999.9 (X/X)
- Indicates missing data
- Indicates not available In AMS-PC
B-5
-------
Appendix B. Continued.
DATE: 03/26/92 AREA AND MOBILE SOURCE - PC PAGE: 12
INVENTORY REPORT PGM: AKSR6100
INVENTORY TYPE: BASE YEAR DETAILED INVENTORY REPORT BASE YEAR: 1990
PROVIDER : STATE Example AMS Report Printouts
STATE: TN (47) - TENNESSEE
COUNTY: 37 - DAVIDSON CITY: 00000 ZONE: 0000
CATEGORY DATA POLLUTANT DATA
SOURCE CATEGORY: 25/01/060/053 " POLLUTANT: VOC (43104J-VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Gasoline Service Stations — Stage 1: Balanced Sub EMISSION TYPE: AC - ACTUAL
ACTIVITY VALUE UNITS PROCESS VALUE UNITS
LEVEL : 494.430. 252-10*3 Gallons 4 Throughput ANNUAL EMISSIONS : 27.648525 Tons/Year
LEVEL LIMIT : EMISSION FACTOR : 0.3 516-lb/10"3 gallons (S/C)
NEW CONTROLS: ***** EMISSION FACTOR LIMIT: Httttttt
NEW CONTROLS : *****
GROWTH FACTOR : ***** REACTIVITY (X) : 100.00 (E/N)
NEW CONTROLS : *****
CONTROLS
ASH CONTENT(X) : SIP RULE IN PLACE : R-RACT YEAR REGULATED: HU
SULFUR CONTENT(X): ~ — RULE EFFECTIVENESS: 080.0 (S/C) YEAR MODIFIED : »*#
FUEL LOADING : N/A RULE PENETRATION : 80.0 (S/C) CONTROL EFF : 98.00 (S/C)
DAYS PER WEEK : 7 WEEKS PER YEAR: 52 CTG CLASS : ***
CATEGORY COMMENT
Tennessee State gas tax records used to determine
activity level data. 1990.
POLLUTANT COMMENT
Balanced Submerged filling control equipment.
MONTH
BEG - END
JUN - AU6
PERIOD.
THRUPUTtX)
25.0( / )
PERIOD DATA-
PERIOD: PO - Peak Ozone Season
ADJUSTMENT FACTORS
WKOAY(X) SAT(X) SUN(X)
PERIOD EMISSIONS : 407.49725
EMISS FACTOR : .3 516-1b/10*3 gallons
EMISS FACTOR LIMIT: 0.0
LIMIT-NEW CTRLS:
INTERVAL CODE: *
START HOUR: XX
INTERVAL EMISSIONS:
INTERVAL THRUPUT : 999.9 (X/X)
t - Indicates missing data
- Indicates not available in AMS-PC
B-6
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