EPA-AA-TEB-EF-85-03
    MOBILES Sensitivity Analysis
            by Cell a Shih.
                June 1985
     Test and Evaluation Branch
Emission Control  Technology Division
     Office of Air and Radiation
U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency

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                                2
                       Table of Contents

1.0   Introduction
2.0   Basic^Emission Rates
3.0   Speed Correction Factors
4.0   Tempererature Correction Factors

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                          3
                   List of Figures
Basic Emission Rates
1.  Light-Duty Gasoline Powered Vehicles
        Figure 1           HC versus Mileage
        Figure 2           CO versus Mileage
        Figure 3           NO, versus Mileage
2.  Light-Duty Gasoline Powered Trucks I
        Figure 4           HC versus Mileage
        Figure 5           CO versus Mileage
        Figure 6           NO, versus Mileage
3.  Light-Duty Gasoline Powered Trucks II
        Figure 7           HC versus Mileage
        Figure 8           CO versus Mileage
        Figure 9           NO* versus Mileage
4.  Heavy-Duty Gasoline Powered Vehicles
        Figure 10          HC versus Mileage
        Figure 11          CO versus Mileage
        Figure 12          NOX versus Mileage
5.  Light-Duty Diesel Powered Vehicles
        Figure 13          HC versus Mileage
        Figure 14          CO versus Mileage
        Figure 15          NOX versus Mileage
6.  Light-Duty Diesel Powered Trucks
        Figure 16          HC versus Mileage
        Figure 17          CO versus Mileage
        Figure 18          NOX versus Mileage

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      7.   Heavy-Duty Diesel Powered Vehicles
             Figure 19  HC versus Mileage
           ""Figure 20  CO versus Mileage
             Figure 21  NOX versus Mileage
      8.   Motorcycles
             Figure 22  HC versus Mileage
             Figure 23  CO versus Mileage
             Figure 24  NO, versus Mileage
B.    Speed Correction Factors
      1.   Light-Duty Gasoline Powered Vehicles
             Figure 25  HC versus Speed
             Figure 26  CO versus Speed
             Figure 27  NO, versus Speed
      2.   Light-Duty Gasoline Powered Trucks I
             Figure 28  HC versus Speed
             Figure 29  CO versus Speed
             Figure 30  NOX versus Speed
      3.   Light-Duty Gasoline Powered Trucks II
             Figure 31  HC versus Speed
             Figure 32  CO versus Speed
             Figure 33  NO, versus Speed
      4.   Heavy-Duty Gasoline Powered Vehicles
             Figure 34  HC/CO/NOX versus Speed
      5.   Light-Duty Diesel Powered Vehicles and Trucks
             Figure 35  HC/CO/NOX versus Speed

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      6.   Heavy-Duty Diesel Powered Vehicles
            1 Figure 36  HC/CO/NO*  versus Speed
      7.   Motorcycles
             Figure 37  HC versus  Speed
             Figure 38  CO versus  Speed
             Figure 39  NO. versus Speed
C.    Temperature Correction Factors
      1.   Light-Duty Gasoline Powered Vehicles
             Figure 40  Bag 1   HC versus Temperature
             Figure 41  Bag 2   HC versus Temperature
             Figure 42  Bag 3   HC versus Temperature
             Figure 43  Bag 1   CO versus Temperature
             Figure 44  Bag 2   CO versus Temperature
             Figure 45  Bag 3   CO versus Temperature
             Figure 46  Bag 1   NO, versus Temperature
             Figure 47  Bag 2   NO, versus Temperature
             Figure 48  Bag 3   NO, versus Temperature
      2.   Light-Duty Gasoline Powered Trucks  I
             Figure 49  Bag 1   HC versus Temperature
             Figure 50  Bag 2   HC versus Temperature
             Figure 51  Bag 3   HC versus Temperature
             Figure 52  Bag 1   CO versus Temperature
             Figure 53  Bag 2   CO versus Temperature
             Figure 54  Bag 3   CO versus Temperature
                        i
             Figure 55  Bag 1   NO, versus Temperature

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       Figure 56  Bag 2   NO* versus Temperature
      ' Figure 57  Bag 3   NO, versus Temperature
3.  Light-Duty Gasoline Powered Trucks II
       Figure 58  Bag 1   HC versus Temperature
       Figure 59  Bag 2   HC versus Temperature
       Figure 60  Bag 3   HC versus Temperature
       Figure 61  Bag 1   CO versus Temperature
       Figure 62  Bag 2   CO versus Temperature
       Figure 63  Bag 3   CO versus Temperature
       Figure 64  Bag 1   NO, versus Temperature
       Figure 65  Bag 2   NO, versus Temperature
       Figure 66  Bag 3   NO, versus Temperature
4.  Heavy-Duty Gasoline Powered Vehicles
       Figure 67  HC versus Temperature
       Figure 68  CO versus Temperature
       Figure 69  NO, versus Temperature
5.  Motorcycles
       Figure 70  Bag 1   HC versus Temperature
       Figure 71  Bag 2   HC versus Temperature
       Figure 72  Bag 3   HC versus Temperature
       -Figure 73  Bag 1   CO versus Temperature
                          CO versus Temperature
                          CO versus Temperature
                          NO, versus Temperature
                          NO, versus Temperature
Figure 74  Bag 2
Figure 75  Bag 3
Figure 76  Bag 1
Figure 77  Bag 2
       Figure 78  Bag 3   NO, versus Temperature

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1.0   Introduction

      MOBILES, a computerized emission  factor  model for  use  in
the  estimation  and  projection  of  hydrocarbons  (HC),  carbon
monoxide (CO),  and  oxides of  nitrogen  (NO,),  was released  to
the public nn June 1984.  Methodologies and data  used in this
model  are  presented  in  the 4th  Edition of  AP-42, Volume  II;
Mobile Sources, to be released in July,  1985.

      The purpose of  this  sensitivity  document is. to display by
way of a series of graphs the  sensitivity of  MOBILES  emission
estimations to  changes  in some  of  the  key  input variables  for
the  low altitude  region  vehicles.   The  eight  vehicle  types
include:    Light-duty   gasoline  powered   vehicles   (LDGVs),
light-duty gasoline powered Class 1  trucks  (LDGTls),  light-duty
gasoline powered Class  2  trucks (LDGT2s), heavy-duty  gasoline
powered  vehicles (HDGVs),  light-duty  diesel   powered  vehicles
(LDDVs), light-duty diesel powered  trucks  (LDDTs),  heavy-duty
diesel powered vehicles (HDDVs),  and motorcycles (MCs).

      Since MOBILES is  an update of  its predecessor  MOBILE2,
some areas of  the  calculations  remain unchanged due to the fact
that there has  been no  new test  data  available  in  those areas
since  MOBILE2 was  completed.  Examples of those  areas include
the    exhaust    emission   rates    for    pre-1975   light-duty
gasoline-pt>wered  vehicles and  Class  1 trucks,  and the speed
correction   factor   coefficients   for   pre-1978   light-duty
gasoline-powered    vehicles   and    for   pre-1979   light-duty
gasoline-powered Class 1  and  Class  2 trucks.   For  those areas,
the sensitivity of  MOBILES estimations  is not  examined so that
the  sensitivity  of  MOBILES  to  the  changes  of  the  updated
portions  of   the  input  variables  can  be   more  explicitly
displayed  in  the graphs.   To see  the  sensitivity of  MOBILES
estimations to the changes  of  those nonupdated  areas,  readers
should  refer   to the document  entitled  "MOBILE2  Sensitivity
Analysis,"  prepared by Energy  and Environmental Analysis, Inc.,
March  1981.

      The  graphs   in  this  document  are  divided  into  three
groups.  The   first  group (Figures  1-24)  illustrates  MOBILES
basic  emission  rates by vehicle  type  at  different  mileage
points.   The  second  group   (Figures   25-39)   displays  MOBILES
speed  correction factors  at  various  vehicle speeds.  The third
group  (Figures  40-78)  shows  MOBILES  temperature  correction
factors for each of the  gasoline-powered vehicles  at  different
ambient temperatures.  In  general,  separate  graphs are included
for each vehicle type  and each pollutant.    However,   for  the
speed  correction factors,  all three pollutants are combined in
a single graph for  some vehicle types.

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      Brief  discussions  on  differences  between  MOBILE3  and
MOBILE2, highlights  and trends  are outlined  in the  following
paragraphs.

2.0   Basic *Emission Rates

      Figures 1 through  24  show  how  the MOBILES basic emission
rates change with mileage  for each of the  three pollutants and
each of the eight  vehicle  types.  The HC emissions are total HC
emissions,   which  includes  both  methane   and  nonmethane  HC
emissions,    and   also   includes   evaporative  and   crankcase
emissions.   The evaporative HC emissions are based on  tests on
a representative commercial fuel.

      The  basic emission  rates  at various mileage points  are
calculated  under  the FTP operating mode,  which  includes  20.6%
cold  start,  27.3%  hot  start,  and  52.1%  stabilized.    The
tampering  effects  are  also calculated  and  included   in  these
rates.

      For  1975  and  later  model years,  some model year groups
are  combined as one group  if   there  is  a minimal  difference
(0.02   grams/mile    for   HC   and   NO. • emissions,   and   1.00
grams/mile  for  CO emissions)  in   the  emission rates  at  all
mileages.   Therefore,  the  model year groups  in this  document
may  differ slightly  from  those presented  in  other  documents
(such as in AP-42, in which the model year groups are primarily
based on emission  standards and/or emission  control  technology
groups).

      The  basic emission  rates  for the two  heavy-duty vehicle
classes (HDGVs  and HDDVs)  have  been updated for all model year
groups  in  MOBILE3, due  to  new factors used to convert emissions
in g/bhp-hr to emissions in grams/mile.

3.0   Speed Correction Factors

      Figures 25  through 39 show  the  MOBILES  speed  correction
factors  at  various  vehicle  speeds (in  mph)  for  each of  the
three pollutants and each  of the  eight  vehicle types.  For the
two  heavy-duty  vehicle  classes (HDGVs  and  HDDVs),   all  three
pollutants  are  included  in  one  plot.   The  two  light-duty
diesel-powered  vehicle  and truck classes  (LDDVs and  LDDTs) are
combined  into  one  vehicle group  with  all  three  pollutants
included in one graph.

      The  general  trend of the  speed  correction factors  on HC
and CO emissions is that the lower the vehicle  speed  the larger
the  numerical  value  of  the  speed  correction factor  (which

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represents  higher  emissions).    The  trend  of  the  NO*  speed
correction factors is similar to that of HC and CO  emissions up
to a  certain vehicle speed  (for  example,  at 40 miles  per hour
for  1981  arid  later  model year  LDGVs).   With  higher  speeds,
(e.g.,  40+  mph  for  1981+  LDGVs),  the NO,  speed  correction
factors  increase.   The  speed  correction  factor   is  1.0  at
vehicle speed 19.6 mph for all vehicle classes.

4.0   Temperature Correction Factors

      Figures  40  through 78  present  the  MOBILE3  temperature
correction factors at various ambient  temperatures  (in degrees
Fahrenheit)  for  each  of  the three modes  of operation,  three
pollutants,  and four light-duty gasoline-powered vehicle  types
(LDGVs, LDGTls,  LDGT2s,  and MCs).  The  three modes  represent
the three  test  segments of the FTP driving cycle:   cold start,
stabilized,  and  hot.  start.   For HDGVs, the graphs are presented
for  each   of the  three  pollutants only.   For  diesel-powered
vehicles  and  trucks,  the  temperature  correction  factor  is
always 1.0.

      In MOBILE2,  the temperature  correction  factor was  set to
be 1.0 at  the temperature ranges of 68° to 86°F.   This approach
was  viewed  as  inappropriate since the  emissions   from  in-use
vehicles  outside  the  laboratory  are expected  to  show  some
sensitivity  even within the  temperature ranges between  68° and
86°F.  For  this  reason,  the temperature correction  factor for
MOBILES is 1.0 only at 75°F.

      Another   deviation   from   MOBILE2   is   that   at   low
temperatures  (less  than 75°F)  for 1981 and  later LDGVs,  and
1984  and  later  LDGTls  and  LDGT2s  the  cold  start  CO  emissions
use   an   additive  rather   than   a  multiplicative  correction
factor.  Data  from in-use vehicles/trucks  of those  model  years
have   shown  that   the   multiplicative   correction   factor
methodology  does not give  as  good a  fit  for low temperature
cold start CO emissions as an offset model.

      Note  that  some  model  year   groups  are combined as  one
group  if  their  correction factors  at  various temperatures are
very   similar,   so  that  the   graphs  can  be  more  clearly
presented.   For this reason, the  model years in this document
may differ slightly from those presented in other  documents.

      The  general trend  of  the temperature  correction factors
on cold start HC  and CO emissions  and all  three modes  of NOX
emissions  is that the  lower  the ambient  temperature the larger
the numerical value of  the temperature correction  factor (which
represents higher emissions).  For the other  two  modes  of HC
and  CO emissions, the trend depends upon the model year group,
or the technology group, of the vehicle.

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                     FIGURE 1
               BASIC EMISSION RATES

      LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                  HYDROCARBONS

                   Low Altitude
   e
   5-
   4-
I3
CO
CO
   2-
   1-
                                   1975-79
 6
-4
  CO


 3 1
  CO
  CO
•2
         0    20    40    60    80   100

     ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 2
   60
   50-
   40-
CO
CO
CO
   30-
   20-
   10-
                BASIC EMISSION RATES
       LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                  CARBON MpNOXIDE
                    Low Altitude
                                     1975-79
 60
 50
-40
-30
   1
   CO
   CO
   CO
-20
          0    20    40   60   80   100
      ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                        FIGURE 3
                  BASIC EMISSION
        LIGHT DOTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                          OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
   3.5 -\
C? 2.5 -I
    2-
CO

8
CO
CO
   1.5-
     1-
   0.5-
                                        1975-76
                                        1977-79
                                        1980
1987-I-
1984-86
1981-82
1983
                                                   3.5
                                                  -3
                                                  f-2.5^
r2
                                                      cn
                                                      CO
                                                  f-1.5
                                                  hO.5
           0     20    40    60    80   100
       ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                    FIGURE 4
   9
   8-
   7-
   6H

L
CO
I
CO
co
   4-
   3-
   2-
   1-
               BASIC EMISSION
      LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
                  HYDROCARBONS
                   Low Altitude
                                   1975-77
 9
 8
-7
                                             -6
                                             -4
  CO
  I
  CO
  CO
-3
-2
         0    20    40    60    60    100
     ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 5
   70
   60-
   50 H
co
S
CO
a  30
   30-
   10-
                BASIC EMISSION RATES
        LIGHT DUTY GASOUNE POWERED TRUCKS I
                  CARBON MpNOXIDE
                     Low Altitude
                                     1975-78
                                      1979-80
                                      1981
                                      1982-83
1984


1987+
1985-86
          70
          60
          50
   CO
   I
(-30 §
          -10
          0    20   40    60    80    100
      ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                     FIGURE 6
               BASIC EMISSION RATES

       LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
                OXIDES OF NITROGEN

                    Low Altitude
o
co
CO
CO
   2-
                                    1985-86
                                    1987-1-
  CO


  I
  CO
  CO
-2
          0    20   40   60   80   100

      ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                   FIGURE?
14
12-
10-
 8-
CO


S
CO
CO   A
J-S   o-
 4-
 2-
             BASIC EMISSION RATES

    LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS II

                HYDROCARBONS

                  Low Altitude
                                  1970-73
                                  1974-78
                                  1985-86


                                  1987+
                                                14
                                                12
                                                10
                                               CO

                                               1
                                               CO
                                             e 23

                                               s
                                               w
                                               -4
                                               -2
       0    20   40   60    80   100

   ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                       FIGURE 8
                 BASIC EMISSION RATES
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS II
                   CARBON MpNOXIDE
                     Low Altitude
   100
   80-
   60-
CO
I
CO
CO
    40-
    20-
                                      1970-78
                                      1979-80
                                      1981-83
 100
-80
-60
                                                   O
    CO

    I
    CO
    CO
-40
-20
           0    20    40    60   80   100
       ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 9
   6-
* <

1
CO
I4
co
CO
   3-
   2-
                BASIC EMISSION
       LIGOT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS II
                       OF NITROGEN
                    Low Altitude
                                     1970-73
                                      1974-78
1979-84
                                      1985-86
                                      1987+
          6
                                               -5
            I
            CO
CO
CO
          -2
          0    20    40   60    80    100
      ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                    FIGURE 10
              BASIC EMISSION RATES
    HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                 HYDROCARBONS
                   Low Altitude
CO
S
CO
CO
36
32-
28-
24-
20-
16-
12-
 8-
 4-
                                    1963-67
                                    Pra-1963
1968-69
                                    1970-73
                                    1974-77
                                    1978
1979-84
1987-90
1991+
1985-86
           36
           32
                                                  28
          -24
          -18
                                                 -12
          -8
                                                 -4
co
I
CO
CO
        0    20    40    60    80   100
    ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                       FIGURE 11
                 BASIC EMISSION RATES
        HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                   CARBON MpNOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
   300
   250-
   200-
CO
&
S
CO
CO
150-
   100-
    50-
1963*69

Pr«-1963
           300
                                              250
          -200
              CO
           150 55.
              9
              CO
              CO
          hioo
          -50
           0    20   40   60    80    100
       ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 12
                 BASIC EMISSION RATES
       HEAFY DUTY GASOLINE POWERED
                        OF NITROGEN
                     Low Altitude
   ICLES
   10
    9-
    8-
CO
§   7
    6-
    5-
                                      1970-73
1963-69
Pr«-1963
                                       1974-77
                                       1987-1990
                                       1991-1993
                                          -1996
1979-80
1981-84
1986
1985
          •10
          •9
-8

          •7I
             CO
          -6
-5
          0    20    40    60   80    100
      ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                   FIGURE 13
2.5
1.5-
CO

I
CO
CO
I—I
S   i-
0.5-
              BASIC EMISSION RATES
      LIGHT DUTY DIESEL POWERED VEHICLES
                HYDROCARBONS
                  Low Altitude
                                   1975-79
                                   1980+
 2.5
-1.5
                                             rl
                                                CO
   CO
   CO
                                                w
-0.5
        6    20    40    60   80   100
    ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 14
   4.5
    4-
   3.5-
w m

I
to
22  3-5-

w
    2-
   1.5-
                 BASIC EMISSION RATES
         LIGHT DUTY DIESEL POWERED VEHICLES
                   CARBON MpNOXIDE
                     Low Altitude
                I   •   I
Pr«-1975
1975-79
                                       1980H-
           4.5
          -3.5
                                                -3
              ^ »
              I
          -2.5W
          -1.5
           0    20    40   60    80    100
       ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 15
                 BASIC EMISSION RATES

         LIGHT DUTY DIESEL POWERED VEHICLES

                  OXIDES OF NITROGEN

                     Low Altitude
   1.5-
CO


1
CO
CO
    1-
   0.5
                                      Pr«-1975

                                      1975-80
                                      1981-84
1985+
          -1.5
1
CO

1
CO
CO
H—I
s
w
          -1
           0    20    40   60   80   100

       ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)
           0.5

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                      FIGURE 16
                BASIC EMISSION RATES

          LIGHT DUTY DIESEL POWERED TRUCKS

                   HYDROCAJRBONS

                     Low Altitude
   1.6
V)


1
CO
CO
   0.5
                                     Pre-1981
                                      1981+
 1.5
   1

   CO


   I
   CO
   CO
   1—4
   3
   w
hO.5
           6    20    40    60    80    100

       ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 17
                 BASIC EMISSION RATES

          LIGHT DUTY DIESEL POWERED TRUCKS

                  CARBON MpNOXIDE

                     Low Altitude
    3
   3.5-
co

I
CO
2-
   1.5-
                                      Prt-1981
                                      1981+
                                           -2.5
   CO


21
   CO
   CO
   I—I
   2
   w
                                           -1.5
           0    20    40    60    80    100

       ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 18
   2.5-
1
CO
I "'
CO
CO
     1-
   0.5
                 BASIC EMISSION RATES
          LIGHT DUTY DIESEL POWERED TRUCKS
                  OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                     Low Altitude
                                      Pr«-198t
1981-86
                                      1987+
          2.5
             CO
             CO
             CO
          -1
          -0.5
           0    20    40   60   80   100
       ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                    FIGURE 19
 5
4.5 H
 4-
CO
S5  3.5
S
CO
CO
 3-
2.5-
              BASIC EMISSION RATES
      HEAVY DUTf DIESEL POWERED VEHIC
                 HYDROCARBONS
                   Low Altitude
                                    1972-79
                                    1969-71

                                    1980-81
                                    1966-68
                                    Prt-1966

                                    1982-84
                                    1985
4.5
                                              -3.5
                                                 CO
   CO
   CO
        0    20   40    60    80   100
    ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 20
   14
   13-
   12-
I
CO
22 10
    9-
    8-
                 BASIC EMISSION RATES
        HEAVY DUTY DIESEL POWERED VEHICLES
                   CARBON MONOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
                  1972-74

                  1975-79

                  1969-71



                  1966-68

                  Pr«-1966

                  1980-81
                  1982-84

                  1985
                  1986
                  1987-1992
                  1993-1996

                  1997+
                20
40
60
80
100
                             14
                       -13
                        12
                                                 -11
                               1
                               CO
                       -9
                            -8
      ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                     FIGURE 21
CO
S5
S
CO
CO
               BASIC EMISSION
        HEATY DUTY DIESEL POWERED VEHICLES
                       OF NITROGEN
                    Low Altitude
24-
22-
20-
18-
16-
14-
12-

	 _.„ 1475 79

1969—71



1M9-«A
1985
„ , .- . . i IQAft



1987-92
•24
•22
•20 cr
I
CO
:»g
CO
CO
1— (
-18 W
-14
-12
          0    20   40   60   80   100
      ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 22
   24
   20-
CO
CO
    8-
                BASIC EMISSION
                    MOTORCYCLES
                   HYDROCARBONS
                     Low Altitude
                                      1980-*-
                                      1978-79
                                      Pr«-1978
 24
 20
                                                -18
   CO

   I
   CO
   CO
                                                -12
-8
          0    20   40    60    80    100
      ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

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                      FIGURE 23
   65
   60-
   661
   50 -J
CO

§  «°
A
CO
CO

3  35
W
   30-
   25-
   20-
   15
                 BASIC EMISSION
                     MOTORCYCLES
                   CARBON MpNOXIDE
                     Low Altitude
                                       1978-79
                                       Pft-1978
1980+
           65
           60
          -55
          -50
                                                 -45
          -40
             CO
             CO
             CO
          -35
          -30
          -25
          -20
           0    20    40   60    80    100

       ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)
           15

-------
                       FIGURE 24
   0.9-
   0.8-
   0.7-
   0.6-
CO
§  "•
HH
   0.4-
   0.3-
   0.2-
   0.1-
                  BASIC EMISSION RATES
                      MOTORCYCLES
                         OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
1980+

Pra-1978
                                        1978-79
           0.9
0.8
          -0.7
          -0.6
              CO
          -0.5 55
              2
              CO
              CO
          'r-0.3
          hO.2
          -0.1
           0    20    40   60    80   100
       ACCUMULATED MILEAGE (Thousands of Miles)

-------
                      FIGURE 25

              SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                    HYDROCARBONS
                      Low Altitude
   2.5-
§
1
    2-
S 1.5-
s
a,
CO
    1-
   0.5-
         1980
         1978-7
198H
             For pre-1978 model ysars, •••
             Figure 25 of th« MOBILE2
             Sensitivity Analysis. March 1981.
                                       •2.5
h*I

                                       -1.5
                                           §
                                           O
                                           Q
                                           W
                                           W
                                           a,
                                       -0.5
                10    20   30    40    50
                 VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)

-------
                        FIGURE 26
   2.5
    2-
1
§

&

I
o
Q

PU
   1.5-
     1-
   0.5-
               SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
        LOST DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                    CARBON MpNOXIDE
                       Low Altitude
          1978-79
          1980+
                        For prs-1978 model years, see
                        Figure 26 of the MOB1LE2
                        Sensitivity Analysis, March 1981.
                                             1980-h


                                             1978-79
 2.5
•1.5
-1
I
E-«
O
W
«

g
U

Q
W
W
Pu
CO
-0.5
                 10    20    30    40    50

                   VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)

-------
                       FIGURE 27
   1.5
   1.4-
I
   1.3-
I1-2-
O
o
Q
W
    1.1-
     1-
   0.9-
   0.8
               SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                  OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
          1981+
                    For pre-1978 model years, •••
                    Figure 27 of the MOBILE2
                    Sensitivity Analysis, March 1981.
                                           1980
                                           1978-79
                                           1981+
                 10    20   30    40   50
                  VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
                                                   •1.5
•1.4
-1.3
                                                      §
•«g
   o
   04
   K
•1.1 O
   o
                                                   -1
                                                      PU
                                                      CO
                                                   -0.9
                                                   •0.8

-------
                       FIGURE 28
   2.5-
    2-
S
8
U
CO
   1.5-
     1-
   0.5-
               SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
                     HYDROCARBONS
                       Low Altitude
          1984-86
          1979-
          1987-1-
                       For pre-1979 model years, see
                       Figure 28 of the MOBILE2
                       Sensitivity Analysis, March 1981.
 2.5
-  I
-1.5
                                                       O
    §
    O
hi
-0.5
                 10    20    30    40    50
                  VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)

-------
                        FIGURE 29
§
i
E-i
O
§
O
a,
CO
   2.5-
    2-
   1.5-
     1-
   0.5-
               SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS

         LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I

                    CARBON MpNOXTOE

                       Low Altitude
          1979-83
          1984+
                       For pre-1979 model years, «••

                       Figure 29 of th« MOBILE2

                       Sensitivity Analysis, March 1981.
                                            1984+


                                            1979-83
                 10    20    30   40    50

                  VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
 2.5
-2
    §
    o

    Q
    W
    W
    CU
    CO
-0.5

-------
                       FIGURE 30
   1.5-
   1.4-
   1.3-
I ,3-


&-•
O

Q
CU
CO
   1.1-
    1-
   0.9-
   0.8
               SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
                  OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
                 For pr«-1979 model years, *••
                 Figure 30 of th« MOBILE2
                 Sensitivity Analysis, March 1981.
          1987-I-
                10    20    30    40    50

                  VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
                                          1984-86
                                           1979-83
                                           1987+
                                                   1.5
                                                   1.4
                                                   1.3
""6
    O
    w

-u!
    O
                                                  -1
                                                      CU
                                                      CO
                                                  -0.9
                                                   0.8

-------
                        FIGURE 31
   2.5-1
§
&-•

I

§
W
PS

§
o

Q
W
W
PU
   1.5 H
H
   0.5
               SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS H
                     HYDROCARBONS
                       Low Altitude
          1984-86
          1979-
     1987-1-
                   For pre-1979 model years, see
                   Figure 31 of the MOBILE2
                   Sensitivity Analysis, March 1981.
                 10    20    30    40    50

                  VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
                                               2.5
,  1
                                                  i
                                               ^-1.5
                                                  W
                                                  K

                                                  s
                                                  o
   S
   CO
                                                O.5

-------
                        FIGURE 32
   2.5
    2-
I

^ 1.S
I
O
8
O
DH

CO
     1-
   0.5-
               SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS H
                    CARBON MONOXIDE
                       Low Altitude
          1979-83
          1984+
                 10
                       For pro-1979 modol yoars, soo
                       Flgur* 32 of th« MOBILE2
                       Ssnsltlvlty Analysis, March 1981.
                                            1984+


                                            1979-83
                       20
30
40
50
                  VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
                                                    •2.5
                                                       8
                                                       £-•
                                                    -1.5
                                                    -1
                                                       !
                                                        O
                                                        W
                                                        a«
                                                        CO
                                                    -0.5

-------
                        FIGURE 33
                SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS H
                          OF NITROGEN
                       Low Altitude
   1.5
   1.4-
8
   1.3-
I
O
|,H

Q
W
P-.
C/3
     1-
   0.9
   0.8
                  For pre-1979 mod*! years, *••
                  Flour* 33 of th« MOBILC2
                  Sensitivity Analysis, March 1981.
          1987+
                 10    20    30    40    50
                   VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
1984-86
                                             1979-83
                                             1987+
         1.5
                                                     1.4
        -1.3
         1.2 §
            »— I
            H
            O
        •1.1 O

            Q
            W
            W
            a,
        -0.9
         0.8

-------
                     FIGURE 34
              SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
       HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                   ALL POLLUTANTS
                     Low Altitude
   3.5
    3-
8
   2.5-
I   *
o
05
8  "•
Q
W
    1-
   0.5-
           HC
           CO
           NOx
                                        NOx
                                        CO
                                        HC
               10   20   30   40    50
                 VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
 3.5
-3
-2.5
   8
   I
   §
 1.50

   Q
   W
                                                  OH
hi
-0.5

-------
                     FIGURE 35
             SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS

   LIGHT DUTY DIESEL POWERED VEHICLES AND TRUCKS

                  ALL POLLUTANTS

                    Low Altitude

                                             •3
   2.5-
g
£-•

I

§
g
o
PU
CO
    2-
&  1-5 J
    1-
   0.5-
          CO
          HC
          NOx
                                      NOx
                                      CO

                                      HC
               10    20    30   40   50

                VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
                                              2.5
-.8

                                             -1.5
                                                O
                                                §
                                                L>
                                                Q
                                                W
                                                W
                                                OU
                                                CO
-0.5

-------
                      FIGURE 36
   2.5-
8
I
    2-
U  1.8-
8
O
PL,
CO
    1-
   0.5-
              SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
        HE&VY DUTY DIESEL POWERED
                   ALL POLLUTANTS
                     Low Altitude
           CO
           HC
           NOx
                                        NOx
                                        CO

                                        HC
                10    20    30    40   50
                 VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
                                                2.5
                                                3  I
                                                15
                                                -1.5
                                                -1
                                                   8
                                                   O
                                                   CU
                                                   CO
-0.5

-------
                       FIGURE 37
   3.5
    3-
s
£-•
I
E-
O
O
Q
   2.5-
2-
   1.5-
     1-
   0.5-
               SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
                     MOTORCYCLES
                    HYDROCARBONS
                      Low Altitude
                10   20    30    40    50
                  VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
                                      Pr«-1978
                                      1980-1-
                                      1978-79
                                              3.5
                                             •3
                                              2.5
                                                 g
                                                 £-•
 8  §
                                                 w
                                                 tf
                                                 K
                                              1.5 O
                                                 O
                                                 Q
                                                 W
                                             -1
                                                     to
-0.5

-------
                      FIGURE 38
   4.5H
g 3.5H
H
i  -
s
§
0
Q
    2-
a.
CO  1.5-
    1-
   0.5-
              SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
                    MOTORCYCLES
                   CARBON MpNOXIDE
                     Low Altitude
                                                 4.5
                                                -3.5 g
                                                    i
                                                h2.5
                                                    O
                                                    g
                                                    0
                                                    PL,
                                                hl.5 CO
                                                hi
                                                -0.5
                10    20    30   40    50
                 VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)

-------
                        FIGURE 39
   1.6
               SPEED CORRECTION FACTORS
                      MOTORCYCLES
                   OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                       Low Altitude
                                                •1.6
1.5-
1.4-
8
I
H
O
W
tf
§
w
w
cu
   1.3-
1.1-
     1-
       Pr«-1978
          1978+
0.9-
                                            1978+
                                                    •1.5
                                            Pre-1978
    I
    (->
ma
    I
    O
l-i.i 9
                                                    CU,
                                                    CO


                                                hi
                                                    -0.9
0.8-
                 10    20    30    40    50
                  VEHICLE SPEED (MPH)
                                        i   •   i
                                                    •0.6

-------
                      FIGURE 40
   u-
8
   12-
8
Pi  io-1
1
U   8-1
    6
          TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
       LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
               BAG 1 - HYDROCARBONS
                     Low Altitude
         1981+
         1980
 1968-69

 1975-79

 1970-74

Pr«-1968
    4-
                                       1981+


                                       1970-74
                                       Pr«-1970
                                       1975-80
              10   30   50   70   90   110
              AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                          14
                                          12

                                         -10
                                                -8
                                            1
                                            6
                                            K
                                            §
                                                -6
                                                   tt
                                                -2

-------
                        FIGURE 41
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS

        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED

                 BAG 2 - HYDROCARBONS

                      Low Altitude
8
§
I
sa
«

P?
DH
S
Ed
E-
   2.6
   2.4-
   2.2-
    2-
   1.8-
   1.6-
1.4-
    1.2-
      1980-t-
        1975-79
    1968-69



    Pr«-1968



     1970-71


     1972-74
                                         1975-80
                                          1968-69

                                          1972-74

                                          Pr«-1968

                                          198H-

                                          1970-71
                                                •2.6
                                                •2.4
                                                •2.2
8
                                                1.8
                                                -1.6
                                                   1
                                                   8
                                                   o
g

O,

S
w
                                                -1
   0.8-
                               i  ^  r
                10   30   50   70   90   110

                AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                0.8

-------
                       FIGURE 42
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                 BAG 3 - HYDROCARBONS
                      Low Altitude
I
   2.4
   2.2-
    2-
fr*  1.8-
I
B
PL!  Le-
tt
I
W  1.4-
o,
   1.3-
     1-
   0.8-
   0.6
          1980
          1981+
        1975-79
       Pr«-1968
        1968-69
        1970-71
        1972-74
                                         1975-80
                                                   •2.4
                                                   2.2
                                         1972-74
-1.8
                                                   -1.6
                                                      «*•
                                                      §
                                                      O
                                                   -1.4
                                         1981+
                                         1968-71
                                         Pr«-1968
                                                   -0.8
           I     I
                          II
                                                   0.6
               10   30   50   70   90    110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)

-------
                       FIGURE 43
   8
g
o
-to
   7-
g e-
   -
* *•
    1-
          TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
       LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
               BAG 1 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
         1980
       1975-79
       1968-69
       1970-71


       1972-74
      Pr«-1968
Th«r« i» no CF at low tomporaturo
for 1981+LDGVt. For fur tW
information, soo pago 12 of tho
MOBILES Usors Guido.
                                         1972-74.1981+
                                         Pr«-1968
                                         1975-80
                                         1970-71
                                         1968-69
               10   30   50   70   90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                              •8
                              •eg
                              -s
                                H
                                O
                                w
                                tt
                                tt
                                S3"
                                S
                                tf
                                w
                                DM
                              -i

-------
                       FIGURE 44
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGflT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                BAG 2 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
   5.5
1
§
    5-
   4.6-
    4-
   3.5-
§   3-
o
w
SJ
   2.5-
d,   2-
IS
   1.5-
     1-
   0.5
        1975-79
        1970-71
        1968-69

        1972-74
       Prt-1968
                                         1975-80
                                         1972-74

                                         1970-71
1981+


1968-69

Pr«-1968
                10   30   50   70   90  110
                AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                   5.5
                                                   4.6
                                                  -3.5
                                                      §
                                                      A
                                                      W
                                                  -3  8
                                                      CJ
-2.5 ID



-2  OU


    H
-1.5



-1
                                                   •0.5

-------
                       FIGURE 45
   3.5
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
               BAG 3 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
                                             •3.5
    3-
   2.5-
I
t-
o
w
«
§
O
w
OS
w
ou
2-
   1.5-
     1981+



      1980
     1-
   1975-79


   "f&IUS

   1970-71


   1972-74
   0.5
                                        1975-80
1970-71



1972-74

1968-69
                                    Pr«-1968

                                    1981+
               10    30    50   70   90   110

               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                     1
-2.5 &*
   i
   B
         t-2  g
             o
         -1.5
                                                     Ed
                                                     E-
         -1
                                              •0.5

-------
                       FIGURE 46
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        UGKT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
              BAG 1 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
   1.8
   1.6-
   1.4-
I 1.3-

o
w
s
o
w
     1-
^ 0.8-
   0.6
   0.4-
   0.2
        1977-79
         198H
          1980
Prc-1968
1968-72
1975-76
        1973-74
                                         Prt-1968
                                         1968-72
                                         1975-76
                                         1973-74
                                         1977-80
                                         1981+
               10   30   50   70   90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                   •1.6
                                                   •1.6
                                                   •1.4
                                            •1.2 |

                                               O
•i  §
   O
   w
                                            •0.8 gj
                                                   -0.6
                                                   -0.4
                                                    0.2

-------
                       FIGURE 47
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
              BAG 2 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                       Low Altitude
       Pre-1968
I
g
B
§
O
w
05
a,
   1.8-
   1.6-
   1.4-
   1.2-
1-
   0.8-
   0.6-
   0.4-
   1977-80
     1981+
   1968-72
   0.2-
   1973-74


   1975-76
                                     1975-76
                                     Pr«-1973
                                     1973-74


                                     1977-80
                                         1981+
               10   30   50   70   90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                               1.8
 1.6
 1.4 I»*

   I
   E-
   O
•1.2 W

   I
   O
-1
W
OS
£>
ss
                                                  a.
                                              -0.4
                                               0.2

-------
                       FIGURE 48

           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
              BAG 3 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
         1981+

g
o
sa
IS
   1.8-
   1.6-
   1.4-
   1.2-
     1-
   0.8-
   0.6-
   0.4-
        1973-74
        1975-76
1975-76

1968-72
Pr«-1968


1973-74
1977-80



1981+
         •1.8

•1.4
         -1.2
-1
             &«

             1
             E-
             O
             g
             o
             W
             OS
             D
-0.4
   0.2-
               10   30   50    70    90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
          0.2

-------
                     FIGURE 49
S

8
O
sa
   14
   12-
   «H
    8-
    6-
    >,
    4-
    2-
          TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
       LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
               BAG 1 - HYDROCARBONS
                    Low Altitude
        1987-I-
      1984-86
 1968-69

 1975-83

 1970-74

Pr«-1968
              10   30   50   70   00   110
              AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                         14
                                        -12
                                           §
-8
                                           1
                                           O
                                           w
                                           tt
                                           §
-6
                                        -2

-------
                    FIGURE 50
        TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
     LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
             BAG 2 - HYDROCARBONS
                   Low Altitude
2.6
2.4-
2.2-
 2-
o
W  1.8

|
Ed  1.6
K

I
g  "
o.
1.2-
  1-
0.8
      1984-t-
    1975-83
     1970-71
     1972-74
                                     1975-86
                                        1968-69
                                        1972-74
                                        Pre-1968
                                        1987+
                                        1970-71
            10   30    50   70   90   110
            AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                 •2.6
                                                  •2.4
                                                  •2.2
                                                     8
                                               -1.8
                                               -1.6
                                                     as
                                                     I
                                                     t-
                                                  I
                                                  0.8

-------
                       FIGURE 51
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        UGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
                 BAG 3 - HYDROCARBONS
                      Low Altitude
   2.4
1

   2.2-
    2-
   1.8-
O
W  1.6-

I
O
S!
   1.4-
   1.2-
     1-
   0.8-
   0.6
       1984-86
         1987-1-
        1975-83
       Pr«-1968

        1968-69
        1970-71
        1972-74
                                         1975-86
                                         1972-74
                                         1987+
                                         1968-71
                                         Pr«-1968
                I     I
                                                   2.4
                                                   2.2
                                                   1.8
                                                      i
    O
 1.6 W

    I
    O
-1.4 W

    D
    53
                                                  -1.2
                                                  -1
    0,
    S
                                                  -0.8
                                                   0.6
               10   30   50   70    90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)

-------
                      FIGURE 52
          TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
       LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
               BAG 1 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
   8-
g
K
|
U 4
W
tf
s
o
§ 3-
K
    1-
      1975-83
                    Th«r« is no CF at lew t«mp«ratur«
                    for 1984+ LDGTIs. For further
                    Information, ••• pago 12 of th«
                    MOBILES U««rt Guld*.
      Pr«-1968
                           1984-t-
                                         1972-74.1987-I-
                                         Pr«-1968
                                         1975-86
                                         1970-71
                                         1968-69
              10   30   50   70   90   110
              AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                     i—^
                                                  14B
                                                     W
                                                     «
                                                     §
                                                     O
                                                  h3
                                                  -2
                                                     IS
                                                  -1

-------
                       FIGURE 53
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
         LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
                BAG 2 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
   5.5-
    5-
   4.5-
>—/


S   4-
I-H
fci

U
W
3.5-
i  ••
PS
W
E-«
2.5-
 2-
    1.5-
     1-
        1975-83
        1970-71
     1968-69

     1972-74
    Pre-1968
   0.5
                                         1975-86
                                         1972-74

                                         1970-71
                                      1987+


                                      1968-69



                                      Pr«-1968
            10   30
                         50
                           70    90   110
                                                5.5
                                                4.5
-3.5
                                                   8


                                                   1
                                                   1—4
                                                   g_
                                                   O
-3  §
    o


    tt
-2.5^)

    S«
    OS

r2  PU


    E-

-1.5




-1
                                                0.5
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)

-------
                      FIGURE 54
          TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
              BAG 3 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                     Low Altitude
   3.5
    3-
I-
f*«  2.5-
I
8   •-
O
sa
IS
   1.5-
    1-
   0.5
       1972-74
                                       1975-86
                                       1970-71


                                       1972-74
                                       1968-69
Prt-1968
1987+
              10   30   50   70   90   110
              AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
         3.5
            8
         -2.5 **

            1
            O
            w

         •«  I
            O
            w
            K
                                                -1.5
                                                   w
                                                   &H
                                                   S
                                                   w
         -1
         •0.5

-------
                       FIGURE 55
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
              BAG 1 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
   1.8-
   1.6-
g t*1

i
§ 1.2^
•—«
H
O
tt
o
     1-
   0.8-
PH
   0.6-
   0.4-
   0.2
        1979-86
         1987+
        1968-72
       Pr«-1968
        1975-78
        1973-74
                                         Pr«-1968
                                         1968-72
                                         1975-78
                                         1973-74
                                         1979-86
                                         1987+
                               i    T
                                                   1.8
                                                   1.6
                                                   «|
-1.2 j|

    O
    W

-i   I
    O
    w
                                                   Lo.8^
                                                      CX
                                                   rO.6
                                                   -0.4
                                                   0.2
               10   30   50   70   90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)

-------
                       FIGURE 56
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I
              BAG 2 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
8
   1.8-
   1.8-
&*  1.4-

1
W 1.2-
tt
§
CJ
sa
     1-
   0.8-
   0.6-
   0.4-
   0.2
       Pr*-1968
1973-74
1975-78
                                        1968-72
                                        1973-74
                                        1979-86
                                        1987+
               10   30    50   70   90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                          •1.8
                                                     E-*
                                          -1.4
                                          •1.2
                                          -1
                                             s
                                             o
                                             W
                                             Pi
                                          -0.4
                                           0.2

-------
                       FIGURE 57
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS

        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS I

              BAG 3 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN

                      Low Altitude
g
   1.6 H
   1.4H
s
E-
o
W 1.3-
tt

g
CJ
w
S3
     1-
   0.8
   0.6-
   0.4-
   0.2
         1987-I-
        1973-74
        1975-78
1975-78




1968-72

Pr«-1968




1973-74

1979-86
                                         1987-1-
               10   30   50    70   90   110

               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                  •1.8
                                                  H.4
                                                  hl.2
             fc



             I
             E-«
             O
             §
             O

             w
             «
             13
                                                  hO.6
         1-0.4
          0.2

-------
                     FIGURE 58
   14
          TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS

       UGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS

               BAG 1 - HYDROCARBONS

                    Low Altitude
                                        •14
        1988+
ti


1
E-«
O
W
tt

8
o
tt
w
cu
   12 -{
   10 H
    6
1984-87
1970-73




1979-83


1974-78


Pre-1970
                                     1988+
              10   30   50   70   90   110

              AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                        r-12
                                        he
he
                                                 §
   S
   E-
   O
   W
   »

   8
                                                 sa

-------
                      FIGURE 59
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS

        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS II

                BAG 2 - HYDROCARBONS

                     Low Altitude
   2.6
   24-
   2.2

£-•
O
W  1.8-
tt


g
O
tt
w
£-•
   1.8
   1.4
   1.2

   0.8
         1984+
       1979-83
 1970-73


Pr»-1970
        1974-78
                                        1979-87
                                        1974-78
               10   30   50   70    90   110

               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                          •2.6
                                          •2.4
                                          •2.2
                                                1-2
                                         hl-8
h!6

                                             §
                                             O

                                             H
                                             tf
                                          H.4
    IX

    3
    W
                                           0.8

-------
                       FIGURE 60
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS

        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS H

                 BAG 3 - HYDROCARBONS

                      Low Altitude
   2.4
8
£-•

   2.2-
    2-
   1.8-
   1.8-
§
o
W  1.4
tt
W  lt2"
OH



"    n





   0.8^
   0.6
       1984-87

         1988-1-
        1979-83


       Pr«-1970

        1970-73



        1974-78
                                         1979-87
                                         1988+

                                         1974-78

                                         1970-73
                                         Pr«-1970
               10   30   50    70    90   110

               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                  •2.4
                                                  •2.2
                                                  •1.8
                                                  -1.8
                                                      i
                                                      H
                                                      O
                                                      I
                                                  -1.4
                                                  -0.8
                                                   0.6

-------
                      FIGURE 61

          TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
       LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS H
               BAG 1 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                     Low Altitude
      1979-83.
6-
                 Th«r« is no CF at low t«mp«ratur«
                 for 1984-1- LDGT2s. For further
                 information, »•• page 12 of th«
                 MOBILE3 Us«rs Guid*.
g

«
§
o
      1970-73
      1974-78
   4-
3-
      Pre-1970
   2-
1-
                           1984+
                                        1988+
                                        Pre-1970
                                        1979-87
                                        1974-78
                                        1970-73
              10   30   50   70   90   110
              AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                  •6
                                                 g
                                                  ••B
                                                 K
                                               -4
                                                  -3
                                                 g
                                                 O
                                                 w
                                                    w
                                                  -1

-------
                      FIGURE 62
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS
               BAG 2 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                     Low Altitude
   5.5
g
§
H
O
W
    5-
   4.5-
    4-
   3.5-
§   3-
O
w
S
   3.5-
   1.5-
    1-
   0.5
         1988+
       1984-87
                                       1979-87
                                       Pre-1970
               10   30   50    70   90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                •5.5
                                                -4.5
                                                   g
                                                -4
-3.5
   §
                                                -3
                                                    O
                                                    w
                                                    tf
                                                -3.5
                                                -3  0,
                                                -1.5
                                                -1
                                                 0.5

-------
                      FIGURE 63
I
§
83
tt
w
OH
s
w
   3.5
    3-
   2.5-
S  *-
o
1.5-
    1-
   0.5
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS

        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS II

               BAG 3 - CARBON MONOXIDE

                     Low Altitude
    1979-83

    Pr«-1970

    1970-73

    1974-78
                                       1979-87
                                    1974-78
                                        1970-73
Pr«-1970

1988+
               10   30   50   70   90   110

               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                              3.5


                                                 w
                                                 K
                                              9  S
                                              2  8
                                                 w
                                                 tt
                                                 S3
5
                                                 0,
                                                 a
         -1
                                              •0.5

-------
                       FIGURE 64
   1.8
   TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS H
       BAG 1 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
              Low Altitude

1979-87
   1.6 H
g  1.4.
E-»

I

§  1.2-
W
«
g    i-
O
w
         1988+
        1970-73
       Pre-1970
   0.8 H
        1974-78
cu
   0.6-
   0.4 H
   0.2
                                        Pr«-1970
                                 1970-73
                                        1974-78
                                        1979-87
                                        1988+
               10   30    50   70   90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
•1.8
                                          H.6
                                          h»-*g
                                              £-•
                                              Q
                                          K2 §
   §
   o
                                          I-0.6
                                          hO.4
                                          •0.2

-------
                       FIGURE 65
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS II
              BAG 2 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
8
   1.8-
   1.8-
**« 1.4-

I
O
W 1.2-
O
W   1-
K
13
«
w
0,
   0.8-
   0.6-
   0.4-
   0.2
       Pr«-!970
        1979-87
         1988+
        1970-73
        1974-78
                                         Pr«-1970
                                         1970-73
                                         1974-78
                                         1979-87
                                         1988+
               10   30   50   70    90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                   •1.8
•1,6
                                                  -1.4
   1
                                                  -1.2
   1
   S
                                                      8
                                                      O
   O.
                                                   0.2

-------
                       FIGURE 66
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        LIGHT DUTY GASOLINE POWERED TRUCKS
              BAG 3 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
g
§
   1.8 H
   1.6 H
   1.4 H
         1988-1-
       Pr«-1970
W  1.2
tt
g
U
W    1
g 0.8H
O,
   0.6 H
   0.4H
        1974-78
                                        1970-73
                                        Pre-1970


                                        1974-78

                                        1979-87



                                        1988+
   0.2
                                                  l.8
                                                  1.6
                                                 -1.4
                                                  -1.2
                                                  -1
                                                     g

                                                     o
                                                 r*'8
                                                     cu
hO.6
-0.4
               10   30    50   70   90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                  •0.2

-------
                       FIGURE 67
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS

        HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES

                    HYDROCARBONS

                      Low Altitude
   2.2
I
C  1-8 -\

£


I
E-«

8  "•
K

§
O

w  , ^
Oi  1.4-
W
PL,
   1.2
   0.8
         1985-t-
       1970-73

          1984
       Pr«-1970
        1974-78
       1979-83
                                        1984
                                         1979-83



                                         1985+
                                         1974-78

                                         1970-73
                                         Pre-1970
               10    30    50   70   90   110

               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                  •2.2
                                                     §
                                                   1 A E-1
                                                  •l.o r^
                                                    |

                                                 1-1.6 O
    g
    o


H.4 §
H.2
    PL,
                                                  •0.8

-------
                       FIGURE 68
   2.8
8
   2.4-
   2.2-
a
K   z-
§
W 1.8-
K

§
O
W 1.6-
«
ED
   1.4-
IS
   1.2-
     1-
   0.8
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
              DUTY GASOLINE POWERED VEHICLES
                   CARBON MpNOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
          1984
         1985+
        1970-73
        1974-78
       Pr«-1970


        1979-83
                                        1984
               10    30    50   70   90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                  2.6
                                                  •2.4
                                                  •2.2
                                                  -2
                                                  •1.8

   1
-1.6 W
                                                     S3
                                                 1-12
                                                  -1
                                                  0.8

-------
                        FIGURE 69
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
        HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE POWERED
                          OF NITROGEN
                       Low Altitude
   1.8-
   1.6-
§ 1.4 H
§ 1.2 -I
g   i-
   0.8-
   0.6-
   0.4-
   0.2
       Pr«-1970

          1984
        1970-73
         1985+

        1974-78


        1979-83
                                          1979-83
                                          Pr«-1970
                                          1970-73
                                          1974-78

                                          1984
                                          1985-i-
                10   30   50   70   90   110
                AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                   •1.8
•1.6
                                                   •1.4 §
                                                    •1.2
                                                       SS
                                                       O
                                                       W
hi  §

    W
    04

1-0.85;
                                                       PH
                                                   -0.6
                                                   -0.4
                                                    0.2

-------
                    FIGURE 70

         TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
                   MOTORCYCLES
              BAG 1 - HYDROCARBONS
                   Low Altitude
      1978-79
e-
8
I
S  4-1
   3-
1-
                                    1980+
                                    1978-79
                                    Pr«-1978
                                             •6
                                          ••!
                                            Ct«
                                           |
                                          .4 U
                                          r  w
                                            I
                                            o
                                          M«
                                               OS
                                               W
                                               a,
                                             -i
             10   30   50   70   90   110
             AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)

-------
                      FIGURE 71

          TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
                    MOTORCYCLES
               BAG 2 - HYDROCARBONS
                    Low Altitude
§  -1-5H
tf
g
o
w
05
1-
    1980+
               1978-79


               Pr«-1978
               1980+
                   •1.5 g
                      i
                      i
                      B
                      W
                   n  I
                      O
W
cu

W  0.5-1
                                           -0.5
              10
              30
50
70
90
110
              AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)

-------
                      FIGURE 72
   1.4
   1.3-
§
1
   1.2-
§
o
OS
D  1.1
S3
    1-
   0.9
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
                     MOTORCYCLES
                BAG 3 - HYDROCARBONS
                     Low Altitude
       Pr«-1978

       1978-79
         1980+
                                        Pr«-1978
               10   30   50   70   90   110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                 -1.4
                                                 •1.3
                                                    I
                                                    §
 •1.2 £
    O
    W

    I
    o
    w

1-1.1 £>
                                                    DH

                                                    E-
                                                n
                                                 •0.9

-------
                       FIGURE 73
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
                     MOTORCYCLES
               BAG 1 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
I
   4.5-
    4-
   3.5-
1  ,
E-  3~
K
CJ
SJ
   2.5-
    2-
Hi 1.5-
     1-
   0.5-
       1978-79
         1980-1-
       Pr«-1978
               10    30   50   70   90  110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
 •4.5
 •4
    e
 -3.5
M  |
i «  £•*
    O
    w
    tt
-2.5 §
    U
    W

h2  D
    W
1-1.5 PU
 -1
 -0.5

-------
                       FIGURE 74
   2.4
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
                     MOTORCYCLES
               BAG 2 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
                                         1980-1-
   2.2-
    2-
g$

§  1.8-
O
W
04
   1.6-
         1980-t-
   1.4-
   1.2-
        1978-79
     1-
       Pr«-1978
 •2.4
                                         1978-79
 -2.2
 •*  8
 •1.8 §
    H-1
    H
    O
    W
    ct:

 •1.6 g
    O
1-145:
    PU


\-l2 W
                                         Pr«-1978
 -1
   0.8
               10   30   50   70    90   110

               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
 0.8

-------
                       FIGURE 75
   2.8
   2.6-
   2.4 H


I
^ 2.2^
1  -
H  **
O
W


8 1.8-
^  1.6-



W
B
   1.4-
   1.2-
     1-
   0.8
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
                     MOTORCYCLES
               BAG 3 - CARBON MONOXIDE
                      Low Altitude
       Pr«-1978
        1978-79
         1980+
                                         1980+
                                         1978-79
                                         Pr«-1978
                         50
                              r  "^ r
               10   30   50   70   90  110

               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                   2.8
                                                   •2.6
                                                   •2.4
                                                   -2
                                                      §
                                                      1
                                                      H
                                                      O
                                                  K8 §
                                                      CJ
                                                   -1.6
                                                   -1.4
                                                  hl.2
                                                   -1
                                                      "OS
                                                      W
                                                   0.8

-------
           FIGURE 76
TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
          MOTORCYCLES
   BAG 1 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
          Low Altitude
a-
g 1.8-
0
§ 1.6-
CORRECT1
¥+
'+-
W
<; I-2 •
W
CU
S i"
0.8-






Pr«-1978
1978+ 	 	 X^^
Pr«-1978 ' 	 . 1978+

    10   30   50   70   90   110
    AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                     2.2
                                    •2
                                     •1.8 g

                                       U
                                     1.6 |$
                                        H
                                        U
                                        W

                                     •1.4 g

                                        W
                                    -1.2
                                        
-------
                       FIGURE 77
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
                     MOTORCYCLES
              BAG 2 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
       Pr«-1978
   1.8-
s
g  1.6-
§
O 1.4-
OS
§
o
   1.2-
w
cu
     1-
   0.8-
   0.6-
         1978+
                                        Pr«-1978

                                        1978+
               10    30   50   70   90  110
               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
                                                  1.8
                                                     8
                                                  1.6

                                                 •1.4
                                                     w
                                                     K
                                                     §
                                                     o
                                                 ^1.2
                                                     Si
                                                 -0.8
                                                  •0.6

-------
                       FIGURE 78
           TEMPERATURE CORRECTION FACTORS
                     MOTORCYCLES
              BAG 3 - OXIDES OF NITROGEN
                      Low Altitude
   1.8
   1.6-
   1.4-

O
w
tt
K  19
O  1<2
O


OH
D
    1-
   0.8-
   0.6
       Pr«-1978
         1978-1-
                                        1978+

                                        Pr«-1978
               10    30   50   70   90  110

               AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (F)
 1.8
 1.6
-1.4 **«


    1
    £-•
    O
    W


 1.2 |
    O
-1
                                                     S3
                                                     w
                                                     E-
-0.8
 0.6

-------