EPA-AA-TSS-PA-85-g

                  Technical Report
          Exhaust and Evaporative Emissions
     of High Mileage Taxicabs and Passenger Cars
                   Project Officer:
                   Craig A.  Harvey

          Branch Technical  Representative
                    Bruce Michael
                    February 1985
                        NOTICE

Technical  Reports  do not  necessarily represent  final  EPA
decisions  or  positions.    They   are  intended  to  present
technical   analysis   of   issues   using   data   which   are
currently  available.   The purpose  in the release  of  such
reports   is   to  facilitate  the   exchange   of  technical
information   and   to   inform   the  public   of  technical
developments  which  may  form  the  basis  for  a  final  EPA
decision, position or regulatory action.

               Technical Support Staff
         Emission Control  Technology Division
              Office of Mobile Sources
             Office  of  Air and Radiation
        U. S. Environmental Protection Agency

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                            PREFACE
This  report  gives  the  results  of  exhaust  and  evaporative
emissions  tests  Southwest  Research Institute  performed  on  27
vehicles.  Test cars  were  selected  randomly from a registration
list of  all  1981 passenger  cars in Bexar  County,  Texas  (which
includes  the greater  San  Antonio  area  and  some  surrounding
suburban  and rural  areas) .   Seven of  the  27  cars  underwent
restorative   maintenance  after   baseline  testing   (replaced
canister  or  gas cap)  and  evaporative  emissions  were  measured
again after maintenance.

The   Southwest   Research   Institute   report    was   originally
submitted  to EPA with  three  appendices attached.   The first,
"Appendix  A:  Project  Set-Up  and  Car  Selection,"  has  been
retained.  The  second,   "Appendix  B: Data and  Coding  Sheets,"
and the  third,  "Appendix C:  Computer Printouts of the Emissions
Results"  have been  omitted.   However,  the  vehicle  emissions
results  contained  in  Appendices B and  C have  been added  to
EPA's Emission Factor Program  (MICRO files)  as part of a larger
in-use vehicle emissions test  data  base.   The results  of these
emissions tests are. summarized in Tables 6 and 7 of this report.

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SOUTHWEST  RESEARCH  INSTITUTE
POST OFFICE DRAWER 28SIO • 6220 CULEBRA ROAD • SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS. USA 7B284 • (5121 684-5111»TELEX 78-7357
                           September 28, 1984
TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
Mr. Craig A. Harvey, Project Officer
Mr. Bruce Michael, Branch Technical Representative
Environmental Protection Agency
2565 Plymouth Road
Ann Arbor, MI  48105

Terry L..Ullman, Charles M. Urban, and Charles T. Hare
Department of Emissions Research
Southwest Research Institute
6220 Culebra Road
San Antonio, TX  78284

Summary of Work Conducted for the period May  30  through
September 28, 1984;  Work Assignment No. 20,  Contract
68-03-3162, "Testing of High Mileage Taxicabs and Pas-
senger Cars,"  SwRI Project No. 03-7338-020.
I.   INTRODUCTION

     The objective of this Work Assignment, as  conducted, has been  to
accumulate regulated emissions data on  randomly selected, privately owned
1981 passenger cars.  The scope of this effort  was  to  test  as many  cars
as possible within the time and funding allocated  to this Work  Assignment.

     The original objective of this Work Assignment was  to  accumulate
emissions data on several high mileage  taxicabs and privately owned
passenger cars.  At the direction of  the Project Officer on July  9, the
objective was changed to testing randomly  selected, privately owned 1981
passenger cars;  this change  in technical  direction was  defined in  the
letter from the undersigned to the EPA  Project  Officer dated July 16,  1984,
Work conducted in accord with the original objective of  this Assignment
was reported in Monthly Progress Report No. 1,  dated July 15, 1984; and
that initial effort is included in this summary by  reference to that
progress report, a copy of which is in  Appendix A-l of this summary report.

II.  CAR SELECTION

     Test cars were selected  randomly from a  registration list  of all
1981 passenger cars in Bexar  County,  Texas (which  includes  the  greater
San Antonio area and some surrounding rural and suburban areas)  to  fill
a test matrix provided by the Project Officer.   The test car matrix, given
in Table  1, included 35 cars of various make and  engine size.   Due to the
time constraints in this Work Assignment,  with  the  likelihood of  not
having time to test 35 cars,  the test matrix  was initially  reduced  to  ten
cars as shown in Table 2..  The matrix was  subsequently increased  to 21
cars and then to the 27 cars  actually tested.   The  test  matrices  for 21
and 27 cars are shown in Tables 3 and 4, respectively.
          SAN ANTONIO.  TEXAS
          WITH OFflCSS IN  HOUSTON. TtXAS. AND WASHINGTON.

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           TABLE 1.  THIRTY-FIVE (35)  CAR TEST MATRIX FOR 1981 PASSENGER CARS
Make/Engine
CMC
Ford
Chrysler
Oatsun
Toyota
Honda
Subaru
4 cyl.
5 vehicles
code: *9, G, 5
6 vehicles
code: 2, A
3 vehicles
code: A, C, D
1 vehicle
code: all
3 vehicles
code : all
2 vehicles
code: all
1 vehicle
code: all
6 cyl.
6 vehicles
code: X, Z, K, 3
A, 4
3 vehicles
code: B
— •
—
—
—
—
8 cyl.
3 vehicles
code: aSf F, J, T, W, H, Y, L, .
6
1 vehicle
code: D, F, G
—
—
—
—
—
aVIN code "9" for GH designates  a 4-cylinder engine in most cases, except  for
  Cadillac.  For GM Cadillac,  "9" designates a V-8 engine.

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           TABLE 2.   TEN (10)  CAR TEST MATRIX FOR 1981 PASSENGER CARS
Make/Engine
GMC
Ford
Chrysler
Datsun
Toyota
Honda
Subaru
4 cyl.
2 vehicles
code: a9, G, 5
2 vehicles
code: 2, A
•-\
1 vehicle
code: A, C, D
0 vehicle
code: all
1 vehicle
code : all
0 vehicle
code: all
0 vehicle
code: all
6 cyl.
2 vehicles
code: X, Z, K, 3
A, 4
1 vehicle
code : B
•~
— —
•••"
— —
—
8 cyl.
1 vehicle
code: aS, F, J, T, W, H, Y, L,
6
0 vehicle
code: D, F, G
™~
— —
— ~
— —
—
             Figure 2.  Ten (10) Car Test Matrix for 1981 Passenger Cars
aVIN code "9" for GM designates a 4-cylinder engine in most cases, except for
  Cadillac.  For GM Cadillac, "9" designates a V-8 engine.

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       TABLE  3.  TWENTY-ONE  (21) CAR TEST MATRIX FOR 1981 PASSENGER CARS
Make/Engine
CMC
Ford
Chrysler
Datsun
Toyota
Honda
Subaru
4 -cylinder
4 vehicles
code: a9, G, 5
4 vehicles
code: 2, A
2 vehicles
code: A, C, D
0 vehicle
code : all
2 vehicles
code : all
1 vehicle
code : all
0 vehicle
code : all
6-cylinder
4 vehicles
code: Xf Z, K, 3
A, 4
2 vehicles
code : B
— -
— •
—
—
—
8-cylinder
2 vehicles
code: aS, F, J, T, W, H, Y, L,
6
0 vehicle
code: D, F, G
—
—
—
— •
—
aVIN code "9"
  Cadillac.
 for GM designates a 4-cylinder engine  in most cases, except for
For GM Cadillac, "9" designates a V-8 engine.

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        TABLE 4.  TWENTY-SEVEN  (27). CAR TEST MATRIX FOR 1981 PASSENGER CARS
Make/Engine

GHC

Ford
Chrysler
Datsun
Toyota
Honda
Subaru
4— cvlinder

vehicle.
codas *9; G, 5
6 vehicles
coda: 2, A
3 vehicles
coda: A, C, 0
0 vehicle
coda: all
2 vehicles
coda: all
1 vehicle
coda: all
0 vehicle
coda: all
6-cylinder

5 vehicles
coda: X, Z, X, 3
A, 4
2 vehicles
code: B
—
—
—
—
*
8-cylinder

2 vehicles
coda: aS, P, J, T, W, H, Y, L,
6
1 vehicle
coda: D, P, G
—
—
—
—
—
aVXN code "9" for  <3i designates a 4-cylinder  engine in most cases, except for
  Cadillac.  For QC Cadillac, "9* designates  a V-8 engine.

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     The registration list of 42,000 1981 passenger cars in Bexar County,
Texas was obtained on magnetic tape, sorted by make and VIN.  This list
was broken into smaller files by make and number of engine cylinders.
Using a standard statistical computer program, The Statistical Package
for the Social Sciences (SPSS), a set percentage of a smaller file was
selected randomly and printed (usually about 200 registrations from each
of the smaller files).  Using a random number table, these lists were
recompiled to establish random priority for specific vehicle selection.

     Randomized lists for GM cars were obtained and preparations were
completed to mail out letters soliciting the randomly-picked test cars.
Prior to mailing, however, it was noted that no Cadillacs were in the
listing for GM 8-cylinder cars, but many Cadillacs were noted in the GM
4-cylinder list.  The VIN codes were reviewed and found to be in error.
The "9" for the eighth digit on most GM cars designates a 4-cylinder
engine, but for Cadillac, a "9" designates an 8-cylinder engine.  All
letters were withdrawn, all codes were checked, and new GM lists were
generated.

     Telephone contact was made with the persons to whom letters were
sent.  Of those contacted, most were interested in participating.   A
set of the forms developed to solicit and obtain test cars from the public
is given in Appendix A-2.

III. TEST AND INSPECTION PROCEDURES

     The emission testing and car inspections we-Ee conducted in accord
with entries on the computer coding sheets provided by the EPA Branch
Technical Representative, copies of which are included in Appendix B.
The Branch Technical Representative deleted the requirements for a propane
gain check and measurement of NOX in the steady-state tests involving
undiluted exhaust.

     As defined by the Branch Technical Representative, the checks of the
emission control components on the engine primarily consisted of a
relatively thorough visual check.  In general, only the EGR and evaporative
emissions systems received any functional checking.  All decisions con-
cerning restorative maintenance were made by the Branch Technical Repre-
sentative.  The criteria for consideration of restorative maintenance
and retesting were as follows:

          1.  Total evaporative HC greater than 5.0 grams
          2.  Disabled or tampered emission components
          3.  FTP exhaust HC greater than 1.5 gm/mile
          4.  FTP exhaust CO greater than 50 gm/mile
          5.  FTP exhaust NOX greater than 2.5 gm/mile

     The above conditions are listed in order of their maintenance
importance.  Generally, only one type of maintenance was performed, to
correct one problem.  However, no exact guidelines were given for main-
tenance, and so the EPA Branch Technical Representative had to be con-
tacted.  In general, restorative maintenance was conducted only when the
evaporative emissions exceeded five grams per test.

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     The CVS-diluted exhaust emission tests and the evaporative emissions
tests were conducted in accord with appropriate sections of the Code of
Federal Regulations.  The I-M short tests were conducted in accord with
instructions provided by the EPA, as summarized in the I-M Short Test data
sheets included in Appendix B-l.  Hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide were
measured using a Beckman Model 590 HC/CO infrared vehicle exhaust analyzer
(garage-type analyzer).  Carbon dioxide was measured using a Beckman Model
315B infrared analyzer, and oxygen was measured using a Beckman Model OM-11EA.
As backups, HC and CO were also analyzed using Beckman Model 315B infrared
analyzers.

     Each car tested went through the specific series of inspections and
evaluations.  The record sheet and the test sequence used are given in
Appendix B-2.

     The data obtained were processed as necessary to enable making a
decision on restorative maintenance and filling out the computer coding
sheets provided by the Branch Technical Representative.  Copies of the
coding sheets are included in Appendix B-3.

IV.  TEST RESULTS

     A summary of all cars tested and the tests conducted is given in
Table 5.  The computer printouts of the results of FTP, HFET, and bagged
idle emissions tests are given in Appendix C.  These results are summarized,
along with the results of the evaporative emissions tests, in Tables 6 and 7.
The fuel economy results are summarized in Tables .  All other items of
information and test results are reported on the  computer coding sheets,
which have been provided to EPA in shipments separate from this summary
report.  Data provided for each car tested are as  follows:

           • Computer Coding Sheets

           • Computer Printouts of the Emissions Test Results,
            Evaporative Emission Calculations, Restorative
            Maintenance, I-M Short Test Data Sheets, and
            Original Chart of the I-M Short Tests

IV.  SUMMARY AND COMMENTS

     A total of 27  cars were evaluated under this  Work  Assignment,  seven
of which also underwent restorative maintenance.   The data were recorded
on computer coding  sheets, and a separate packet  of data  for each car was
provided to the Branch Technical Representative.

     This Work Assignment required considerable initial effort for tech-
nical redirection,  car selection, and setting up  for the  test effort, and
the extensive data  reporting requirements.  After  processing several cars
through the laboratory, operations were streamlined and the effort per
car decreased.

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              TABLE 5.  VEHICLES TESTED AND TESTS CONDUCTED
                      UNDER WORK ASSIGNMENT NO.  20
Test Car
   01
   02
   03

   04
   05
   06

   07
   08
   09

   10
   11
   12

   13
   14
   15

   16
   17
   18

   19
   20
   21

   22
   23
   25
   26
   27
  Make

CMC
Ford
Toyota

CMC
CMC
CMC

Ford
Chrysler
Ford

CMC
Ford
CMC

CMC
CMC
Ford

Ford
CMC
Chrysler

Toyota
Honda
CMC

Ford
CMC
CMC

Ford
Ford
Chrysler
  Model

Phoenix
Zephyr
Corolla

Firebird
Cutlass
Century

Futura
Reliant
Mustang

Skylark
Cougar
Chevette

Omega
Monte Carlo
Escort

Zephyr
Skylark
Reliant

Corolla
Accord
Chevette

Zephyr
Cutlass
Delta 88

Capri
Marquis
Reliant

Number of
Cylinders
4
6.
4
6
8
6
4
4
4
4
6
4
4
6
4
4
6
4
4
4
4
4
6
8
4
8
4
\
Emission
Test No.
01-1
02-1
03-1
04-1
05-1
06-1
07-1
08-1
09-1 .
10-1
11-1
12-1
13-1
14-1
15-1
16-1 .
17-1
18-1
19-1
20-1
21-1
22-1
23-1
24-1
25-1
26-1
27-1

S.H.E
Test
01-1
02-1
03-1
04-1
05-1
06-1
07-1
08-1
09-1
10-1
11-1
12-1
13-1
14-1
15-1
16-1
17-1
18-1
19-1
20-1
21-1
22-1
23-1
24-1
25-1
26-1
27-1

.D.
No.

& -6


& -6

& -6




& -6
& -6







& -6


& -6



                                                                           Comments
new gas cap
new canister
new canister
new canister

new canister
new  canister
                                                                          new canister

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   TABLE 6.   SUMMARY  OF THE FTP  AND EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS TEST RESULTS
Test
No.
Emissions
Car
Make
Standards
Model

Restorative Maintenance
01-1
02-1
02^6a
03-1
04-1
05-1,
05-6b
06-1
07-L
07-?
08-1
09-1
10-1
11-1
12~\
12-6D
"S
13-6b
14-1
15-1
16-1
17-1
18-1
19-1
20-1
21-1
21-6°
22-1
23-1
24-1
24-6
25-1
26-1
27-1
CMC
Ford
Ford
Toyota
CMC
CMC
CMC
CMC
Ford
Ford
Chrysler
Ford
CMC
Ford
CMC
CMC
CMC
CMC
CMC
Ford
Ford
CMC
Chrysler
Toyota
Honda
CMC
CMC
Ford
CMC
CMC
CMC
Ford
Ford
Chrysler
Phoenix
Zephyr
Zephyr
Corolla
Firebird
Cutlass
Cutlass
Century
Futura
Futura
Reliant
Mustang
Skylark
Cougar
Chevette
Chevette
Omega
Omega
Monte Carlo
Escort
Zephyr
Skylark
Reliant
Corolla
Accord
Chevette
Chevette
Zephyr
Cutlass
Delta 88
Delta 88
Capri
Marquis
Reliant
FTP Emissions, g/mi
HC
0.41
1.5
0.74
3.42
	
2.41
2.93
2.15
	
0.67
1.53
	
0.32
0.60
1.08
0.60
0.41
— — —
0.78
	
0.33
0.94
0.35
0.31
0.35
0.29
0.51
0.74
— — —
0.85
0.33
0.60
— —
0.55
5.92
0.20
CO
3.4
50
8.4
41.0
	
54.1
33.2
15.3
	
11.7
30.0
	
10.2
6.0
10.6
8.2
5.3
— — —
3.3
	
4.9
12.4
8.3
1.5
10.9
4.8
5.4
7.4
	
7.7
6.0
4.0
— — —
6.3
107.7
6.1
NOX
1.0
2.5
1.04
2.93
	
1.28
1.17
0.80
	
0.72
0.83
	
0.82
0.53
1.03
0.69
1.36
___
1.03
	
1.55
0.34
0.78
1.10
0.72
0.72
0.52
0.68
— —
1.05
1.09
1.26
— —
0.99
1.25
2.96
Evaporative HC, grams
DBL
— — •••
— 	
1.6
10.9
3.9
0.6
2.8
3.1
0.4
2.1
6.0
2.7
0.6
0.7
2.7
4.0
5.1
3.6
3.6
0.5
1.6
0.3
1.0
0.4
1.9
1.8
0.2
0.6
0.3
0.3
0.7
1.3
1.8
0.6
1.6
0.5
HSL
..»
—
2.2
8.6
8.5
0.7
0.9
3.3
2.5
0.7
3.8
2.5
1.0
1.0
1.2
0.8
4.5
1.3
2.8
1.6
0.6
0.7
1.0
1.8
1.2
0.7
0.5
5.1
2.6
0.6
0.7
4.0
4.0
0.8
1.9
0.8
Total
2.0
5.0
3.8
19.5
12). 4
1.3
3.7
6.4
2.9b
2.8
9'8b
5.2°
1.6
1.7
3.9
4.8
9'6b
4.9
6.4
2.1°
2.2
1.0
2.0
2.2
2.9
2.5
0.7
5'7b
2.9
0.9
1.4
5'3b
5.8b
1.4
3.5
1. j
.Replaced faulty gas cap
 Replaced saturated canister

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                                                                            10
          TABLE 7.  MEANS OF THE FTP AND EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS TESTS
                              FTP Emissions, g/mi       Evaporative HC, grams
All vehicles — as received*
Seven vehicles — before
restorative maintenance
Seven vehicles — after
restorative maintenance**
HC
1.11
1.38
GO
15.95
15.19
NOx
1.08
1.27
DEL
2.1
4.4
1.9
HSL
1.9
4.6
3.3
Total
4.0
9.0
5.2
*  All  27  vehicles  are  carbureted  1981  passenger  cars   (no  fuel  injected
vehicles) on which exhaust and evaporative emissions tests were run as received.

** Only  evaporative emissions  were measured after  restorative  maintenance was
performed on the seven vehicles that required maintenance.

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                                                            11
   TABLE 8.  SUMMARY OF FUEL ECONOMY RESULTS


                            	Fuel Economy, mph.
 Car         Engine
 No.           CID

GM4-1          151
FD6-1          200
T04-1          110

GM6-1          231
GM8-1          260
GM6-2          231

FD4-1          140
CR4-1          156
FDA-2          140

GM4-2          151
FD6-2   .       200
GM4-3           98

GM4-4    .      151
GM6-3          229
FD4-3           98

FD4-4          140
GM6-4          173
CR4-2          156

T04-2           89
H04-1          107
GM4-5           98

FD4-5          140
GM6^5          231
GM8-2          260

FD4-6          140
FD8-1          302
CR4-3          156
Test
FTP
22
19
23
19
17
19
17
22
22
21
18
25
21
20
25
20
20
19
31
24
26
21
21
17
20
14
23
Results
HFET
32
26
35
27
25
28
25
29
35
29
25
31
32
31
40
30
31
33
43
36
38
. 33
31
25
28
22
29
Gas Mileage Guide
City
22
20
28
19
19
21
22
23
23
22
18
26
23
19
28
22
21
23
36
27
30
23
21
17
22
16
23
Highway
35
26
40
30
26
—
__
32
34
32
—
28
32
26
44
__
31
32
47
35
—
_•«
30
24
«*.
24
32

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Submitted by:
Terry  . Ullman
Research Engineer
Department of Emissions Research
Charles M. Urban
Senior Research Engineer
Department of Emissions Research
Charles T. Hare
Manager, Advanced Technology
Department of Emissions Research
                                                                     12
Approved:
Karl J. £pringer
Director     '
Department of Emissions Research

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                 APPENDIX A

     PROJECT SET-UP AND CAR SELECTION

A-l  INITIAL PROJECT EFFORT TOWARD OBTAINING
     HIGH MILEAGE VEHICLES

A-2  FORMS USED TO SOLICIT AND OBTAIN TEST CARS

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                                                        APPENDIX A-l
SOUTHWEST  RESEARCH  INSTITUTE
POST OFFICE DRAWER 28510 • 6220 CULEBRAROAO • SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS. USA 78284 • 15121 684-5111-TELEX 76-7357
                             July 15, 1984
TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
Mr. Robert J. Garbe, Project Officer
Mr. Bruce Michael, Branch Technical Representative
Environmental Protection Agency
2565 Plymouth Road
Ann Arbor, Michigan  48105

Terry L. Ullman, and Charles T. Hare
Department of Emissions Research
Southwest Research Institute
6220 Culebra Road
San Antonio, Texas  78284

Monthly Progress Report No. 1  for  the period  May 30  through
June 30, 1984; Work Assignment No.  20,  Contract 68-03-3162,
"Testing of High Mileage Taxicabs  and Passenger Cars",  SwRI
Project No. 03-7338-020.
I.  INTRODUCTION

     The objective of this Work Assignment  was  to  accumulate emissions
data on several high mileage  taxicabs  and privately owned passenger
cars.  At the  direction of the Project  Officer,  the program objective
has been redefined to accumulate  regulated  emissions data on randomly
selected privately owned 1981 passenger  cars.

II.  PROGRESS DURING THE PERIOD MAY  30,  1984 THROUGH JUNE 30, 1984

     During this reporting period, efforts  to obtain high mileage
passenger cars and taxicabs were  begun.  A  "survey" letter, given as
Attachment A, was circulated  to the  2000+ staff of Southwest Research
Institute and the Southwest Foundation for  Biomedical Research.   From
this survey, only six positive respondents  were obtained.  Additional
efforts were made to obtain high  mileage cars from leasing organizations,
public utilities, state and city  properties, as .well as courier
services.  These additional contacts resulted in potentially obtaining
one more car.  Table 1 lists  these prospective  test cars. Due to the


           TABLE 1.  HIGH MILEAGE CARS AVAILABLE FOR TESTING
         No
     Model Year
Make
Model
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
S
w

1931
1981
1981
1981
1981
1231
1931
AN A N T 0 N 1
1 r N 0 » ' > C J S . •.

Ford
Mazda
Datsun
Chevrolet
Mercury
3uick
Mercury
0 . TEXAS
•OjS'JN " 6 I 4 S » •« 0
A-2
Fairmont
GLC
210
Impala
Marquis
LaSabre
Zephyr

- * S . . s a r 3 ,

Mileage

 >75K
  3IX
 113K
  32K
  95K
  39K
  93K

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Ford
Dodge
Mercury
Chevrolet
Plymouth
Plymouth
Ford
LTD
Ex. Police
Zephyr
Malibu
Grand Fury
Grand Fury
LTD
100K+
100K+
100K>
100K+
100K+
100K+
100K+
rather limited selection, auto auctions and small used car dealerships
were contacted, but witn no success.

     Sixteen taxicab companies  (all those listed in the 1984 Yellow
Pages for San Antonio) were contacted concerning temporary use of their
cabs for test purposes.  All but two of the companies are independent
(meaning "small"), and although many agreed to allow us to use their cabs,
the use would have to be scheduled with the assigned driver's absence
and the fee would be close to $100/day.  Table 2 lists the high mileage
taxicabs potentially available from independent cab owners.

        TABLE  2.  HIGH MILEAGE  TAXICABS AVAILABLE  FOR TESTING

         No.    iModel Year      Make          Model     Mileage

          1        1981
          2        1982
          3        1982
          4        1981
          5        1981
          6        1981
          7        1982
     The other two cab companies  (Yellow and Checker Cab Co.) were
owned by the same individual.  Since these companies are larger, they
have greater driver turnover and more cars available.  Obtaining the
cabs for testing would be easier and would cost about  $66/day.  Between
these two major cab companies, all the cars meeting the model year
and mileage criteria were 1982 Dodge Diplomats, numbering about 20.

     In order to start testing, plans were initiated to obtain- and
begin testing of. one of the passenger cars for 2 July  1984.  Based on
the limited success of finding candidate high mileage  passenger cars or
taxicabs, Bruce Michael was concerned and the scheduled tests were put
on hold June 29th.  On July 9, 1984, Mr. Michael redefined the objective
of the program, such that only 1981 passenger cars would be  tested.
These test cars would be randomly selected from a registration list of
all 1981 passenger cars from Bexar County, Texas  (which includes the
greater San Antonio area and some surrounding rural and suburban areas).
Cars would be randomly selected from the list in order to fill a test
matrix to be supplied by the Project Officer.  This matrix would be
similar to that used in an earlier EPA program conducted by  EPA, Ann
Arbor.

III.  PLANS FOR THE NEXT REPORTING PERIOD

     Plans to obtain the necessary registration list are underway and
the list is expected by July 19, 1984.  We hope to acquire the first
test car by July 25, 1984.
                                 A-3

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Submitted by:
Approved:
Terry 'L. Ullman
Research Engineer
Department of Emissions Research
Karl J.
Director
Department of Emissions Research
Charles M. Urban
Senior Research Engineer
Department of Emissions Research
Charles I. Hare
Manager, Advanced Technology
Department of Emissions Research
                                  A-4

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        SOUTHWEST  RES EARCH  INSTITUTE

                          INTER-0£PARTM6NTAL MEMORANDUM




 TO:         SwRJ and SFBR Staff

 FROM:       Terry Ullman - Dept of Emissions Research

 SUBJECT:    Exhaust Emissions  and Fuel Economy Tests
             on. Employee-owned Cars

 DATE:       June 12, 1984
     Do you own a 1981 model car that has been driven- over 75,000
miles, using only unleaded gasoline?  If so, would you be willing
to allow it to be used in an exhaust emission survey to be conducted
at the Department of Emissions Research starting in July 1984?   The
test will require approximately five (5)  days.

     If your car is selected and used, you will be given $75.00 for
the use of your car and will be furnished a car for transportation.
Based on results from initial inspection and emissions tests, your
car may qualify for restorative maintenance at no cost to you.  Upon
completion of testing, your car will be returned to you with a full
tank of gasoline and, if desired, its emissions and fuel economy (mpg)
test results.

     If you are willing to participate, please fill in the form and
return it to Terry Ullman at Building 87.  if you have any q'uestions,
contact Terry Ullman at extension 2654.
     Yes, I would like to participate in the exhaust emissions survey
to be conducted at the Department of Emissions Research.

     My car has 	 actual miles on the odometer and, to the
best of my knowledge, only unleaded fuel has been used.
Year	  Make                    Model
Name 	____ D«pt.  	Telephone Ext.
                                   A-5

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                                                            APPENDIX A-2

SOUTHWEST  RESEARCH  INSTITUTE

POST OfWICE ORAWBB 28810   822O CUUEBHA ROAO    SAN ANTONIO. TBXAS 78284   
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SOUTHWEST  RESEARCH  INSTITUTE
POST OFFICE DRAWER 28510    6220 CULEBBA ROAD •  SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS 78284    (S12I 684-5111

                                        CONTROL NO.
                                       Data Form No. 7338.1
                                       Page 1 of 2

                              TEST AGREEMENT

  Your vehicle is  being loaned  to Southwest Research Institute  (hereinafter
  referred to as SwRI),  for use in a government  sponsored  program for cleaner
  air.  This Agreement,  signed by the Director of the Department of Emissions
  Research, SwRI,  is your assurance of full protection against any loss sustained
  by accident or damage to the vehicle while in the possession of SwRI,  or  its
  designated representative.

        1.    I, 	, agree to loan my vehicle
  described  as  a  	  (Year) 	  (Make  and
  Model), registered in the State of	under License Plate No.
  	  to SwRI, for a period  of  approximately  	days for a
  series of tests. I further  agree  that, should testing not be  completed within the
  time period specified above, I will execute the Agreement Renewal which is an
  addendum  to this  Agreement,  for the  additional time required  to complete
  testing. I understand that I may rescind  this loan of the  vehicle to SwRI at any
  time and that I am under no obligation whatsoever.

        2.    SwRI  agrees to be fully responsible for any  and all damage to the
  vehicle occurring while the vehicle is in their possession.  Possession is hereby
  defined as care,  control,  custody, operation, inspection or storage between the
  time the vehicle is received from the owner by SwRI and  the time the vehicle is
  returned to the owner.

        3.    SwRI  agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the vehicle owner of
  any  repairs, damage, loss of liability sustained by the vehicle owner by reason
  of accident or damage  to the vehicle while in its possession.
           SAN  ANTONIO.  TEXAS
           WITH OFFICES IN  HOUSTON.  TEXAS. AND WASHINGTON. O.C.
                                     A-7

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                                    CONTROL NO.	
                                    Data Form No. 7338.1
                                    Page 2 of 2
     4.   SwRI agrees to provide primary automobile insurance on the vehicle
while in its possession.

     5.   SwRI agrees to execute extreme care in the use of the vehicle and
agrees to return the vehicle  to  the  owner in as good exterior,  interior and
operating conditions, except for normal wear and tear, as when the vehicle was
received by SwRI.
     AGREED TO this	day of	, 19

                                    VEHICLE OWNER

                                    By:	i	
                                    SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE
                                    Department of Emissions Research
                                        Karl J. Springe/, Director
                                 A-8

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SOUTHWEST  RESEARCH  INSTITUTE

POST OFFICE DRAWER 28810 •  8220 CULEBRA ROAD    SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS 78284   (512)884-5111





                                      CONTROL NO:
                                      Data Form No. 7338.2

                                      Page 1 of 1
                       TEST AGREEMENT ADDENDUM
       I,
owner (  )  and/or joint-owner (   )
  and/or principal driver (  ) of the vehicle described as a (Year)	


  (Make  & Model)  	  _•	, registered  in the


  State of 	, agree to extend original testing agreement


  dated	, 19	for a period of	days.






                                       VEHICLE OWNER



                                       By:	
                                       Date:
           SAN ANTONIO,  TEXAS
           WITH ornctt  i M HOUSTON. TEXAS. AND WASHINGTON, o.c.

                                    A-10

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SOUTHWEST  RESEARCH INSTITUTE
POST OFFICE DRAWER 28S1O  •  6220 CULEBRA ROAD  •  SAN ANTONIO. TEXAS 78284  •  (512)684-5111
                                        CONTROL NO.         	
                                        Data Form No. 7338.3
                                        Page of 1 of 2
                   STANDARD VEHICLE LOAN AGREEMENT
  In consideration of the  undersigned/Participant  (hereinafter referred to  as
  Participant) who has agreed to assist in this Environmental Protection Agency
  sponsored program for cleaner air, Southwest Research Institute  (hereinafter
  referred to as SwRI),  hereby loans to Participant  the vehicle described below,
  subject to the terms and conditions of this agreement.

        1.    Participant agrees to exercise care in the use of the loan vehicle
  and agrees to return the loan vehicle within a period of time not to exceed ten
  working days, together with all tires, tools, and accessories, to SwRI in as good
  exterior, interior, and operating condition, except  for normal wear  and tear, as
  when the vehicle was received by the Participant.

        2.    Participant agrees that  loan  vehicle will not  be operated to carry
  passengers or property for a consideration, expressed or implied, or to push or
  tow  any vehicle or trailer.   Loan vehicle will be operated only by Participant's
  immediate family, provided that Participant's permission be given first and that
  all such operators shall  be at least 21 years of age and duly qualified  and
  licensed.

        3.    Participant expressly  acknowledges   personal  liability  for:    (a)
  gasoline and all  charges, fines, and costs for parking, traffic, or other legal
  violations  assessed  against  loan vehicle, Participant, or SwRI except where
  caused through fault of SwRI;  (b) SwRTs costs including  reasonable  attorney's
  fees,  where  permitted  by   law,  incurred   collecting  payments due from
  Participant hereunder; (c) SwRTs costs to repair collision or upset damages to
  loan vehicle provided.  However, if  loan vehicle is operated in accordance with
  all terms hereof, Participant's liability for such damage will not exceed $75.00.

        4.    Participant will  not be liable for noncollision losses  to  loan vehicle
  caused by  perils normally  protected against by a comprehensive physical
  damage insurance policy.

           SA'N  ANTONIO,  TEXAS
           WITH  OfFICeS IN HOUSTON. TEXAS.  ANO WASHINGTON. O.C.
                                     A-ll

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                                     Control No.	
                                     Data Form No. 7338.3
                                     Page of Z of 2
     5.    Participant and  any authorized operator as prescribed in paragraph
above, agrees to participate as an insured in benefits of an automobile liability
insurance policy,  a copy of which is available from SwRI. Said policy is primary
in respect to other insurance carried by Participant or authorized operator and
contains bodily injury or death liability limits of $250,000 for each person in
each accident and subject to the foregoing limitation; $500,000 limits for all
persons in each accident and  property damage liability limits  of  $50,000  for
each accident.  Participant is bound by  and agrees to the terms,  conditions,
limitations, and restrictions of the policy; its being understood that the policy is
a standard motor vehicle policy in the state that garages the vehicle.

     6.    Participant agrees to release SwRI  from any liability for loss of or
damage to any property left, stored, or transported by Participant or any other
person in or upon  vehicle after receipt, during term of this loan, or  after return
of loan vehicle to SwRI.  Participant further agrees to indemnify and hold
harmless SwRI against all claims arising out of such loss or damage.

     7.    AGREED TO this	day of	,  19	.

                                      PARTICIPANT
                                      By:	
                                      Driver's License #
                                      Expiration Date: _
                                      Southwest Research Institute
                                      Deparmtent of Emissions Research
                                      By;  /£M ( jj  &fa
                                          Karl J. Springer, Director

             Condition of Loan Car (Lie. No.	)
                    OUT                       IN
            OK   Initial    Date     OK    Initial    Date
                                 A-12

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                                                  CONTROL NO;
                                                  Data Form No. 7338.4
                   PRELIMINARY VEHICLE INSPECTION REPORT

                                                  Date
Vehicle Owner
Control Number
Year, Make & Model
Odometer
     Exterior Damage:
          Left Front
          Right Front
          Left Rear
          Right Rear
          Other

     Interior Damage:
          Seats
          Head Liner
          Floor Carpet
          Radio
          Other

     Condition of:
          Metal
          Paint
          Chrome
          Glass
          Tires
          Other
                , License No.
, Locking Gas Cap
Emission Label
     Contents of:
          Glove Compartment
          Trunk
          Other

Notes of Operation:	
Document all significant problems with pictures
SwRI Representative
Car Owner or Representative

Comments:
                                 Date: _

                                  Date:
                                     A-13

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