United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of
Solid Waste
Washington, D. C.
April 30,1990
Solid Waste
Quality Assurance Project Plan
for Characterization Sampling and
Treatment Tests Conducted for the
Contaminated Soil and Debris
(CS&D) Program
-------
Quality Assurance Project Plan
for Characterization Sampling and
Treatment Tests Conducted for the
Contaminated Soil and Debris
(CS&D) Program
Richard Kinch, Acting Chief
Waste Treatment Branch
Jerry Vorbach
Project Manager
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Solid Waste
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
April 30,1990
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: TOC
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 1 of 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
8.0
9.0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
APPENDIX
Name
TITLE PAGE
APPROVALS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSI-
BILITY :
DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES
FIELD SAMPLING AND MEASUREMENT
PROCEDURES
SAMPLE CUSTODY AND TRANSPORT
CALIBRATION PROCEDURES
ANALYTICAL METHODS
DATA REDUCTION, VALIDATION, AND
REPORTING
INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL CHECKS AND
FREQUENCY
QUALITY ASSURANCE PERFORMANCE
AUDITS AND SYSTEMS AUDITS
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
CORRECTIVE ACTION
QUALITY ASSURANCE REPORTS TO
MANAGEMENT
REFERENCES
A EPA REPORTS FOR CS&D DATA
Pages
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5
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•on Date
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April 30,
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April 30,
April 30,
• April 30,
April 30,
April 30,
April 30,
April 30,
April 30,
April 30,
April 30,
April 30,
April 30,
April 30,
1990
1990
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1990
COLLECTION
APPENDIX B COPY OF APPROVAL SHEET AND
COMMENTS/RESPONSES TO
REVISION 1 of QAPjP
13
April 30, 1990
3000g
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Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 1
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 1 of 5
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Section 3004(m) of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)
requires that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) establish
treatment standards for hazardous wastes prohibited from land disposal
under sections 3004(d) ["California List" wastes], (e) [Solvent and
Dioxin wastes], and (g) ["First Third," "Second Third," "Third Third,"
and any wastes listed after November 8, 1984]. By regulation, soil and
debris contaminated with any of these wastes also are considered to be
hazardous wastes subject to the land disposal restrictions when excavated
and then land disposed. Certain types of contaminated soil and debris
(CS&D). such as those resulting from response actions taken under section
104 or 106 of the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and
Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) or corrective actions under RCRA, pose a
special problem for the Agency because they are in general highly
variable in nature and may not be treatable to the levels established for
the contaminating wastes. These levels, the so-called best demonstrated
available technology (BDAT) treatment standards, are usually based on
data from treatment of purer industrial process wastes, which are
typically less difficult to treat. To resolve this problem, EPA intends
to establish treatment standards specifically for these types of CS&D
using data from actual treatment tests on CS&D.*
* EPA has already developed interim guidance treatment levels for
treatment of contaminated soil from CERCLA response action or RCRA
corrective action sites (USEPA 1988a). This guidance is to be used in
granting treatability variances from any applicable promulgated
treatment standards until final treatment standards for the
contaminated soils are developed. The interim levels are based on
treatment data gathered prior to 1988 from a multitude of sources.
Because of their inherent limitations, these data may not be suitable
for BDAT rulemaking purposes.
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Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: I
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 2 of 5
The data to be used in developing the CS&D BDAT treatment standards
will be obtained from a variety of sources, e.g., completed treatment
tests for which existing data are available, Superfund remediations, and
treatment tests conducted specifically by EPA's CS&D Program. All treat-
ment data, regardless of the source, will be screened and reviewed to
determine whether certain minimum criteria are met. Data satisfying the
minimum criteria will be used for determining BDAT for the excavated CS&D
and for developing treatment standards for various contaminants (hereafter
referred to as "CS&D list constituents") in the soils and debris.
When the CS&D Program conducts its own treatment tests, the work
performed may be divided into the following 10 tasks:
1. Identifying the site and the technology for the treatment test;
2. Conducting the engineering site visit;
3. Developing the characterization sampling and analysis plan (SAP);
4. Conducting the characterization sampling visit;
5. Analyzing the characterization samples;
6. Preparing the characterization report;
7. Developing the treatment test SAP;
8. Conducting the treatment test/sampling visit;
9. Analyzing treatment test samples; and
10. Preparing the onsite engineering report.
A general schedule for performing these tasks is presented in
Figure 1-1.
This document, Quality Assurance Project Plan for Characterization
Sampling and Treatment Tests Conducted for the Contaminated Soil and
Debris (CS&D) Program, details EPA's requirements for all soil sampling
and analysis efforts that are a part of the above-mentioned tasks.
Section 2 describes the project organization and the responsibilities of
personnel involved with these data collection efforts. Section 3
3000g
-------
Weeks
Tasks
loeniincaiion oi one/ 1 ecnnoiogy
Engineering Site Visit
unaracienzaiion OAK
Characterization Sampling Visit
Analysis oi onaracierizanon oampies
_. _
Characterization Keport
i reatment i est OAK
_
Treatment Test
. ,_ • T • O 1
Analysis of treatment I est oampies
. . _
unsite Engineering Heport
1
%
2
1
3
i
4
%
5
\
6
%
7
8
i
9
i
g
10
fw
1
11
1
12
1
13
%
14
1
15
1
16
1
17
18
1
19
1
^
i
20
1
UJ
i
21
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1
22
1
1
23
1
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24
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25
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26
i,
i
27
i
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i
28
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29
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ij
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Figure 1-1 General Schedule for CS&D Program Data Collection Efforts
Note: Some tasks may be eliminated or combined with other tasks during data collection efforts. The site and technolgy being evaluated will dictate the number
of tasks performed, as well as the actual duration of tasks.
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 1
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 4 of 5
discusses the data quality objectives, while Section 4 describes
procedures for collecting samples in the field and taking various
measurements during treatment tests. ~ Sample custody and transport,
calibration procedures, and analytical methods are discussed in Sections
5, 6, and 7, respectively. Data reduction, validation, and reporting
procedures are specified in Section 8. Information on internal
analytical laboratory quality control measures and preventive maintenance
of laboratory equipment is given in Sections 9 and 11, respectively.
Section 10 discusses quality assurance audits, Section 12, corrective
actions, and Section 13, quality assurance reports.
Four basic report types will be generated for the CS&D Program
sampling and analyis efforts:
• Characterization sampling and analysis plans (SAPs);
• Characterization reports;
• Treatment test SAPs; and
• Onsite engineering reports.
A site-specific characterization SAP will be developed whenever
characterization samples are to be taken at a site to confirm that the
potential test soil is indeed the contaminated matrix of interest. This
SAP will lay out all activities to be undertaken during the
characterization sampling visit and will specify the analyses to be
performed on the samples collected during the visit. The ensuing
characterization report will document events of the visit and will
provide results from analyses of the samples.
A treatment test SAP will be produced prior to each treatment test.
This SAP will discuss all aspects of the treatment test, e.g., collection
of untreated and treated samples, collection of design and operating
data, shipment of samples, and analyses to be performed on the samples.
SOOOg
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Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 1
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 5 of 5
The onsite engineering report will document all events of the treatment
test and will provide results from the sample analyses.
Guidance on the formats of these reports is provided in Appendix A.
3000g
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Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 2
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 1 of 4
2.0 PROJECT ORGANIZATION AND RESPONSIBILITY
Although treatment standards for CS&D will actually be developed by
EPA's Office of Solid Waste (OSW), Waste Treatment Branch, treatment data
collection (i.e., the sampling and analysis efforts) will be a
collaborative effort involving several groups within EPA, namely, OSW,
the Office of Research and Development (ORD). the Office of Emergency and
Remedial Response (OERR), and the Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response, Technology Innovation Office (OSWER/TIO). Each of these groups
has its own EPA Project Manager, who will have the responsibility for all
data collected by his/her group for the CS&D Program. An organizational
chart for the overall program is presented in Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-2 shows a general organizational plan for each sampling and
analysis effort to be undertaken. Responsibilities of the various
positions are as follows:
EPA Project Manager:
EPA QA Officer:
EPA CS&D Work Group
Reviewers:
Contractor Program Manager:
Contractor Project Manager:
Overall responsibility for all sampling and
analysis data (includes review of all SAPs)
and ensuring compliance with the program's
data quality objectives. Responsible for
designating an EPA QA Officer for each
sampling and analysis effort.
Responsible for reviewing this quality
assurance project plan (QAPjP) approving
site-specific SAPs, conducting audits, and
reviewing the analytical data and QA/QC
sections of the characterization reports
and onsite engineering reports.
Responsible for reviewing SAPs and final
reports.
Responsible for all work performed by the
contractor, for budgets, and for
administration.
Responsible for budgets and scheduling;
project technical oversight and
coordination; and the selection of lead
engineers, sampling crew chiefs, and
sampling teams.
30048
-------
Jerry Vorbach/Carolyn Off utt
CS&D Work Group Leaders
Jerry Vorbach
OSW Project Manager
Richard Lauch
ORD Project Manager
Carolyn Offutt
OERR Project Manager
Jeanne Hankins
QA Officer
T
John Kingscott
OSWER/TIO
Project Manager
Guy Simes
QA Officer
Duane Geuder
QA Officer
Radian
COM
ro
o yo in o
cu n> n> o
rr < o 3
fl> H- rt rt
• • in H- IB
I- O a
O 3 H-
O > 3 3
*Z 0)
i-( zs o a
h" O •
a*
i-t
XD
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 2
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 3 of 4
EPA Project
Manager
EPA CS&D Work Group
Reviewers
EPAQA
Officer
Contract Program
Manager
Contractor QA
Officer
Contractor Project
Manager
Sampling Crew
Chief
Engineering
Staff
Field Sampling
Staff
Laboratory
Coordinator
Laboratory
Figure 2-2 Contaminated Soil and Debris
Project Organization
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 2
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 4 of 4
Contractor QA Officer:
Contractor Lead Engineer:
Sampling Crew Chief:
Laboratory Coordinator:
Responsible for ensuring compliance with
the QAP.jP and reviewing all data management
activities.
Responsible for gathering background
information on assigned sites and
technologies, arranging engineering site
visits and sampling trips, preparing
characterization and treatment test SAPs,
and preparing characterization and onsite
engineering reports.
Responsible for collecting all samples and
data as specified in SAPs, ensuring
adequate training for each field sampling
staff member, determining the appropriate
health and safety requirements, and
ensuring compliance with the QAPjP's
sampling requirements.
Responsible for submitting a capabilities
statement on the types of in-house
equipment and capabilities of the staff to
the EPA or Contractor Project Manager.
Responsible for scheduling analytical work
and ensuring compliance with the QAPjP's
analytical requirements.
Any report generated for the CS&D Program will specify the names,
addresses, and phone numbers of individuals filling the above-mentioned
positions. All SAPs will be reviewed and approved by the appropriate EPA
Project Manager, his/her designated QA Officer, and the Contractor
Project Manager. In addition, the SAPs will be distributed to the
principal CS&D Work Group members (i.e., the other EPA Project Managers)
for review.
300<.g
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 1 of 25
3.0 DATA QUALITY OBJECTIVES
The overall objective for the CS&D Program sampling and analysis
efforts is to produce well-documented data of known quality that can be
used to determine the best demonstrated available technologies (BOAT) for
various contaminated soils and to develop BOAT treatment standards for
those soils. The types of data being produced fall into two distinct
categories: (1) characterization data and (2) treatment data.
Characterization data, i.e., data from soil samples collected during
characterization sampling visits, provide information on contaminant
concentrations and other physical/chemical characteristics that may
affect the performance of the technology selected for treatment
evaluation. The characterization data will be used to confirm that the
potential test soil and the technology under evaluation are a good match
for an eventual treatment test.
Treatment data, i.e., data resulting from treatment tests, provide
analytical information on the untreated soils and treatment residuals, as
well as design and operating information on the treatment system for the
time of treatment. Treatment data will be used to evaluate the
performance of the technology on the tested soil.
The contaminants of interest in the CS&D Program, referred to as the
CS&D list of constituents, are a combination of the BOAT list established
for RCRA wastes and additional Superfund Contract Laboratory Program
(CLP) compounds. Table 3-1 presents the CS&D list of constituents
organized according to the structural functional (i.e., treatability)
groups established for the CS&D Program in the interim guidance for
treatment of contaminated soil (USEPA 1988a). Table 3-2 presents the
same list arranged according to the BOAT list groupings.
3005g
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 2 of 25
Table 3-1 CS&D List by Treatability Group
Constituent
W01: Halogenated Non-Polar Aromatic
Ch loro benzene
* Chlorobenzilate
2-Chloronaphthalene
1,2-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,3-Dichlorobenzene
1 ,4-Dichlorobenzene
Hexach lorobenzene
* Hexach lorophene
Pentach lorobenzene
1,2,4, 5-Tetrach lorobenzene
1,2, 4-Tr ich lorobenzene
* Benzal chloride
p.p'-DDD
o,p'-DDD
p.p'-DDE
o.p'-DDE
p.p'-DDT
o,p'-DDT
* Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
W02: Dioxins/Furans. PCBs. and their
Aroclor 1016
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1232
Aroclor 1242
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins
Hexach lorod i benzof urans
Pentach lorod i benzo-p-d i ox i ns
Pentach lorod i benzof urans
Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins
Tetrach lorod i benzof urans
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4,5-TP (Silwex)
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
CAS no.
Compounds
108-90-7
570-15-6
91-58-7
95-50-1
541-73-1
106-46-7
118-74-1
70-30-4
608-93-5
95-94-3
120-82-1
98-87-3
72-54-8
53-19-0
72-55-9
3424-82-6
50-29-3
789-02-6
77-47-4
Precursors
12674-11-2
11104-28-2
11141-16-5
53469-21-9
12672-29-6
11097-69-1
11096-82-5
—
—
—
~
—
~
1746-01-6
94-75-7
93-72-1
93-76-5
BOAT
reference
no.
9
75
77
87
86
88
110
114
136
148
150
218
178
235
179
236
180
237
112
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
192
193
194
CLP
constituent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
Table 3-1 (continued)
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 3 of 25
Constituent
W03: Haloaenated Phenols. Cresols. and
4-Chloroaniline
2-Chlorophenol
* 3.3'-Dichlorobenzidine
2,4-Dichlorophenol
2 , 6-D i ch loropheno 1
4.4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)
Pentachlorophenol
2.3.4, 6-Tet rach loropheno 1
2.4.5-Trichlorophenol
2, 4. 6-Trich loropheno 1
p-Ch loro-m-creso 7
Hethoxychlor
4-Bronnphenyl phenyl ether
Pentachloron itrobenzene
W04: Haloaenated Aliphatic Compounds
Bronodichlorcmethane
Bronomethane
Carbon tetrachloride
* 2-Chloro-1.3-butadiene
Chlorodibrononethane
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethane
3-Chloropropene
1 . 2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1.2-Dibronoethane
DibroBxxne thane
* trans-l,4-Dichloro-2-butene
Dichlorodifluoromethane
1.1-Dichloroethane
1 ,2-Oichloroethane
1 . 1-Dichloroethene
trans-l.Z-Dichloroethene
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
trans-1 ,3-Dichloropropene
CAS no.
Other Polar
106-47-8
95-57-8
91-94-1
120-83-2
87-65-0
101-14-4
87-86-5
58-90-2
95-95-4
88-06-2
59-50-7
72-43-5
101-55-3
82-68-8
75-27-4
74-83-9
56-23-5
126-99-8
124-48-1
75-00-3
67-66-3
74-87-3
107-05-1
96-12-8
106-93-4
74-95-3
110-57-6
75-71-8
75-34-3
107-06-2
75-35-4
156-60-5
78-87-5
BOAT
reference
no.
Aromatics
74
78
89
90
91
120
139
149
151
152
76
190
71
138
5
6
7
10
11
12
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
10061-02-6 27
CLP
constituent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
Table 3-1 (continued)
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 4 of 25
Constituent
W04: Haloqenated Aliphatic Compounds
cis-1 ,3-Dichloropropene
Hethylene chloride
1.1,1. 2-Tetrachloroetnane
1 , 1 . 2 , 2-Tetrach loroethane
Tetrachloroethene
Tribrcmometnane
1.1, 1-Trichloroethane
1.1.2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethene
1 , 1 . 2-Trlchloro-l .2 , 2-trif luoroe thane
Tr i ch loranonof 1 uoromet hane
1 , 2,3-Trichloropropane
Vinyl chloride
Hexach lorobutad i ene
Hexachloroethane
Hexach loropropene
* Pent ach loroethane
* Tris(2,3-dibrofflopropyl)phosphate
lodomethane
* cis-1. 4-Dichloro-2-butene
CAS no.
(continued)
10061-01-5
75-09-2
630-20-6
79-34-5
127-18-4
75-25-2
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
76-13-1
75-69-4
96-18-4
75-01-4
87-68-3
62-72-1
1888-71-7
76-01-7
126-72-7
74-88-4
1476-11-5
W05: Haloaenated Cyclic Aliohatics. Ethers. Esters, and
* Aramite
Aldrin
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
delta-BHC
gamna-BHC
Chlordane
4-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether
Dieldrin
Endosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endosulfan sulfate
Endrin
Endrin aldehyde
Heptachlor
Heptachlor epoxide
140-57-8
309-00-2
319-84-6
319-85-7
319-86-8
58-89-9
57-74-9
7005-72-3
60-57-1
939-98-8
33213-06-5
1031-07-8
72-20-8
7421-93-4
76-44-8
1024-57-3
BOAT
reference
no.
28
38
40
41
42
44
45
46
47
231
48
49
50
111
113
115
137
153
32
234
Ketones
58
172
173
174
175
176
177
~
181
182
183
—
184
185
186
187
CLP
constituent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 5 of 25
Table 3-1 (continued)
BOAT
reference CLP
Constituent
UD5: Halooenated Cyclic Aliphatics.
Endrin ketone
Isodrin
Kepone
Toxaphene
2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether
Bis(2-ch1oroethoxy)methane
Bis(2-chloroethyl)ether
Bis(2-ch1oroisopropyl)ether
* [Deleted: 3-Chloropropionitrile]
W06: Nitrated Aromatic and Aliphatic
2-sec-Butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol
1 ,4-Din itrobenzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2.4-Dinitrophenol
2.4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
5-Nitro-o-toluidine
Methyl parathion
Parathion
m-Not roan iline
o-Nitroaniline
p-Nitroaniline
Nitrobenzene
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
* [Deleted: 2-Nitropropane]
CAS no.
Ethers. Esters, and
53494-70-5
465-73-6
143-50-0
8003-15-2
110-75-8
111-91-1
111-44-4
39638-32-9
542-76-7
Compounds
88-85-7
100-25-4
534-52-1
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
95-65-8
298-00-0
56-38-2
99-09-2
88-74-4
100-06-6
98-95-3
88-75-5
100-02-7
79-46-9
no.
Ketones
..
188
189
191
13
67
68
69
79
73
99
100
101
102
103
135
197
198
~
--
125
126
~
127
230
constituent
(continued)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
W07: Single Non-Polar Aronatics and Heterocvclics
Dibenzofuran
Toluene
1,2-Xylene
1.3-Xylene
1,4-Xylene
Isosafrole
Safrole
132-64-9
108-88-3
97-47-6
108-38-3
106-44-5
120-58-1
94-59-7
43
215
216
217
117
147
X
X
X
X
X
-------
Table 3-1 (continued)
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 6 of 25
Constituent
W07: Simile Non-Polar Aroma tics
Pyridine
* [Deleted: 2-Picoline]
Benzene
Ethylbenzene
Styrene
Vinyl acetate
HOB: Polvnuclear Aroma tics
Acenapnthylene
Acenaphthene
Anthracene
Benzo(a)anthracene
Benzo(b)fluoranthene
Benzo(k)f luoranthene
Benzo(ghi )pery lene
Benzo(a)pyrene
Chrysene
Dibenz(a,h)anthracene
* Dibenzo(a,e)pyrene
* [Deleted: Dibenzo(a,i)pyrene]
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
I ndeno( 1 , 2 , 3-cd) pyrene
Methapyri lene
3-Methy Icho lanthrene
2-Methy 1 naphtha lene
Naphthalene
Phenanthrene
Pyrene
V09: Other Nonha loqenated Polar
2-Acetylashnof luorene
* Acrylanide
4-tainobiphenyl
Aniline
Benzoic Acid
CAS no.
BOAT
reference
no.
CLP
constituent
and Heterocvclics (continued)
110-86-1
109-06-8
71-43-2
100-41-4
100-42-5
108-05-4
208-96-8
83-32-9
120-12-7
56-55-3
205-99-2
207-08-9
191-24-2
50-32-8
218-01-9
53-70-3
192-65-4
106-46-7
206-44-0
86-73-7
120-58-1
91-80-5
56-49-5
91-57-6
91-20-13
85-01-8
129-00-0
Oraanic Comoounds
53-96-3
79-06-1
92-67-1
62-53-3
65-85-0
39
143
4
226
—
—
51
52
57
59
63
64
65
62
80
83
84
85
108
109
116
118
119
—
121
141
145
54
233
55
56
—
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
Table 3-1 (continued)
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 7 of 25
Constituent
W09: Other Nonnaloaenated Polar Oraanic
Benzylalcohol
* 3.3'-Dimethoxybenzidine
* p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene
* 3.3'-Dimethylbenzidine
Di-n-propylnitrosamine
Diphenylamine
0 i pheny 1 n i trosam i ne
1.2-Diphenylhydrazine
* 1-Naphthylamine
* 2-Naphthylamine
N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine
N-Nitrosodiethylamine
* N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N~Nitrosomethylethylamine
N-Nitrosomorphol ine
N-Nitrosopiperidine
N-Nitrosopyrrol idine
Phenacetin
o-Cresol (2-Methylphenol)
p-Cresol (4-Hethylphenol)
2.4-Oimethylphenol
Phenol
* Resorcinol
Acrolein
Carbon disulfide
Ethyl methacrylate
Isobutyl alcohol
Ethylene oxide
* Benzenethiol
2-Butanone (methyl ethyl ketone)
4-(tethyl-2-pentanone
(methyl isobutyl ketone)
Methyl methacrylate
Methyl methanesulfonate
Acetophenone
p-Benzoquinone
Bis(2-ethy Ihexy 1 )phtha late
Butylbenzyl phthalate
CAS no.
BOAT
reference
no.
CLP
constituent
Compounds (continued)
100-51-6
119-90-4
60-11-7
119-93-7
621-64-7
112-39-4
86-30-6
122-66-7
134-32-7
91-59-8
924-116-3
55-18-5
62-75-9
10595-95-6
58-89-2
100-75-4
930-55-2
62-44-2
95-48-7
106-44-5
105-67-9
108-95-2
108-46-3
107-02-8
75-15-0
97-63-2
78-83-1
75-21-8
108-98-5
78-93-3
108-10-1
80-62-6
66-27-3
96-86-2
106-51-4
117-81-7
85-68-7
93
94
95
105
106
219
107
123
124
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
140
81
82
96
142
146
2
8
31
33
214
60
34
229
35
36
53
66
70
72
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
Table 3-1 (continued)
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 8 of 25
Constituent
W09: Other Nonhaloaenated Polar
Diethyl phthalate
Dimethyl phthalate
Di-n-butyl phthalate
Di-n-octyl phthalate
* 1,4-Naphthoquinone
Acetonitrile
Acrylonitrile
2-Hexanone
Isophorone
4-Methyl-2-pentanone
Ethyl cyanide
Methacrylonitrile
Disulfoton
Famphur
Phorate
* Phthalic anhydride
1,4-Dioxane
Acetone
n-Butanol
* Cyclohexanone
* [Deleted: 2-Etnoxyethanol]
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl ether
* Methanol
Pronamide
W10: Non-Volatile Metals
Aluminum
Barium
Beryllium
Calcium
Chromium (total)
Chromium (hexavalent)
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Magnesium
•
CAS no.
BOAT
reference
no.
CLP
constituent
Organic Compounds (continued)
84-66-2
131-11-3
84-74-2
117-84-0
130-15-4
75-05-8
107-13-1
591-78-6
78-59-1
108-10-1
107-12-0
126-98-7
298-04-4
52-85-7
298-02-2
85-44-9
123-91-1
67-64-1
71-36-3
108-94-1
110-80-5
141-78-6
60-29-7
67-56-1
23950-58-5
7429-90-5
7440-39-3
7440-41-7
7440-70-2
7440-47-3
~
7440-48-4
7440-50-8
7439-89-6
7439-95-4
92
97
98
104
122
1
3
—
—
~
30
37
195
196
199
220
29
222
223
232
224
225
227
228
144
..
156
157
~
159
221
—
160
—
—
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 9 of 25
Table 3-1 (continued)
Constituent
V10: Non-Volatile Metals (continued)
Manganese
Nickel
Potassium
Silver
Sodium
Vanadium
Wll: Volatile Metals
Antimony
Arsenic
Cadmium
Lead
Mercury
Selenium
Thallium
Zinc
W12: Other Inorganics
Cyanide
Fluoride
Sulfide
CAS no.
7439-96-5
7440-22-0
7440-08-7
7440-22-4
7440-23-5
7440-62-2
7440-36-0
7440-38-2
7440-43-9
7439-92-1
7439-97-6
7782-49-2
7440-28-0
7440-66-6
57-12-5
16964-48-8
8496-25-8
BOAT
reference
no.
„
163
—
165
~
167
154
155
158
161
162
164
166
168
169
170
171
CLP
constituent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
* Because of the analytical problems associated with these constituents, their analysis
should be undertaken only if they are suspected to be present in the matrix of
interest. Approval for analyzing the specific constituents should be obtained from
the EPA Project Manager and his/her designated QA Officer.
3172g
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 10 of 25
Table 3-2 CS&D List by Constituent Type
Constituent
Volatile organ ics
Acetone
Acetonitrile
Acrolein
Aery Ion itrile
Benzene
Bromodichloranethane
Brcmomethane
n-Butyl alcohol
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbon disulf ide
Chlorobenzene
*2-Chloro-l ,3-butadiene
Chlorodibromomethane
Chloroethane
2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether
Chloroform
Chloromethane
3-Ch loropropene
1 ,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
1,2-Dibromoethane
Dibromomethane
*trans-l,4-Dichloro-2-butene
Dichlorodifluoromethane
1 , 1-Dichloroethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
1 . 1-Dichloroethy lene
trans-1 ,2-Dichloroethene
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
trans-1, 3-Dichloropropene
cis-1 ,3-Dichloropropene
1,4-Dioxane
(Deleted)
Ethyl acetate
Ethyl benzene
Ethyl cyanide
Ethyl ether
Ethyl methacrylate
Ethylene oxide
CAS no.
67-64-1
75-05-8
107-02-8
107-13-1
71-43-2
75-27-4
74-83-9
71-36-3
56-23-5
75-15-0
108-90-7
126-99-8
124-48-1
75-00-3
110-75-8
67-66-3
74-87-3
107-05-1
96-12-8
106-93-4
74-95-3
110-57-6
75-71-8
75-34-3
107-06-2
75-35-4
156-60-5
78-87-5
10061-02-6
10061-01-5
123-91-1
—
141-78-6
100-41-4
107-12-0
60-29-7
97-63-2
75-21-8
BOAT
reference
no.
222
1
2
3
4
5
6
223
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
224
225
226
30
227
31
214
CLP
constituent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
CS&D
treatability
group
W09
U09
W09
W09
W07
¥04
W04
W09
U04
¥09
¥01
W04
W04
W04
¥05
¥04
W04
¥04
W04
¥04
W04
W04
W04
W04
¥04
W04
¥04
W04
¥04
¥04
¥09
~
¥09
¥07
¥09
¥09
¥09
W09
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 11 of 25
Table 3-2 (continued)
Constituent
Volatile oraanics (continued)
2-Hexanone
lodomethane
Isobutyl alcohol
•Methanol
Methyl ethyl ketone
4-Methyl-2-pentanone
Methyl isobutyl ketone
Methyl nethacrylate
Methacrylonitrile
Methylene chloride
(Deleted)
Pyridine
Styrene
1.1.1. 2-Tetrach loroethane
1 . 1 ,2.2-Tetrachloroethane
Tetrachloroethene
Toluene
Tribromomethane
1,1. 1-Trich loroethane
1.1.2-Trichloroethane
Trichloroethene
Tr ichloromonof luoromethane
1 .2,3-Trichloropropane
l.l,2-Trichloro-1.2.2-
trifluoroethane
Vinyl acetate
Vinyl chloride
1,2-Xylene
1,3-Xylene
1,4-Xylene
Semi volatile oraanics
Acenaphthalene
Acenaphthene
Acetophenone
•Acrylawide
2-Acety laminof luorene
4-Aminobiphenyl
CAS no.
591-78-6
74-88-4
78-83-1
67-56-1
78-93-3
108-10-1
108-10-1
80-62-6
126-98-7
75-09-2
~
110-86-1
100-42-5
630-20-6
79-34-6
127-18-4
108-88-3
75-25-2
71-55-6
79-00-5
79-01-6
75-69-4
96-18-4
76-13-1
108-05-4
75-01-4
97-47-6
108-38-3
106-44-5
208-96-8
83-32-9
96-86-2
79-06-1
53-96-3
92-67-1
BOAT
reference
no.
—
32
33
228
34
—
229
35
37
38
230
39
—
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
231
~
50
215
216
217
51
52
53
233
54
55
CLP
constituent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
CSiD
treatability
group
W09
W04
U09
W09
W09
W09
U09
W09
W09
W04
—
W07
W07
W04
W04
W04
U07
U04
¥04
U04
W04
W04
U04
U04
U07
W04
W07
W07
W07
W08
W08
W09
W09
U09
U09
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 12 of 25
Table 3-2 (continued)
Constituent
Semi volatile organ ics (continued)
Aniline
Anthracene
•Aramite
Benz ( a ) ant hracene
*Benzal chloride
*Benzenethiol
(Deleted)
Benzo(a)pyrene
Benzo(b)f luoranthene
Benzo( ghi Jperylene
Benzo(k)f luoranthene
Benzoic acid
*p-Benzoqu i none
Benzyl alcohol
B i s ( 2-ch loroethoxy )met hane
Bis(2-chloroethy1)ether
Bis(2-ch1oroisopropyl)ether
Bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether
Butyl benzyl phthalate
2-sec-Butyl-4.6-dinitrophenol
p-Chloroaniline
*Chlorobenzilate
p-Chloro-m-cresol
2-Chloronaphtha lene
2-Chlorophenol
4-Chlorophenyl phenyl ether
(Deleted)
Chrysene
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
*Cyclohexanone
Dibenz (a . hjanthracene
Dibenzofuran
*0 i benzo ( a . e ) pyrene
(Deleted)
m-Dichlorobenzene
o-Dichloro benzene
p-Dichlorobenzene
CAS no.
62-53-3
120-12-7
140-57-8
56-55-3
98-87-3
108-98-5
—
50-32-8
205-99-2
191-24-2
207-08-9
65-85-0
106-51-4
100-51-6
111-91-1
111-44-4
39638-32-9
117-81-7
101-55-3
85-68-7
88-85-7
106-47-8
510-15-6
59-50-7
91-58-7
95-57-8
7005-72-3
—
218-01-9
95-48-7
106-44-5
108-94-1
53-70-3
132-64-9
192-65-4
~
541-73-1
95-50-1
106-46-7
BOAT
reference
no.
56
57
58
59
218
60
61
62
63
64
65
—
66
—
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
—
79
80
81
82
232
83
—
84
85
86
87
88
CLP
constituent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
CS&D
treatability
group
W09
W08
W05
woe
W01
W09
--
W08
W08
U08
W08
W09
U09
U09
W05
W05
W05
W09
W03
W09
W06
W03
. W01
W03
U01
W03
W05
—
W08
W09
W09
W09
V08
W07
W08
—
W01
W01
W01
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 13 of 25
Table 3-2 (continued)
Constituent
Sanivolatile oroanics (continued)
*3.3'-Oichlorobenzidine
*cis-l ,4-Dichloro-2-butene
2,4-Dichlorophenol
2 , 6-D ich loropheno 1
Diethyl phthalate
*3 , 3 ' -D imethoxybenz i d i ne
*p-D inethy 1 ami noazobenzene
*3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Di-n-butyl phthalate
1 ,4-Oinitrobenzene
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
2.4-Dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
2,6-Dinitrotoluene
Di-n-octyl phthalate
Di-n-propylnitrosamine
Diphenylamine
Diphenylnitrosamine
1 . 2-Dipheny Ihydraz ine
Fluoranthene
Fluorene
Hexachlorobenzene
Hexachlorobutadiene
*Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
Hexachloroethane
*Hexach1orophene
Hexach loropropene
Indeno(l,2,3-cd)pyrene
Isophorone
Isosafrole
Nethapyri lene
3-Methylcholanthrene
4.4'-Nethylenebis
(2-chloroaniline)
Methyl methanesulfonate
2-Methyl naphthalene
Naphthalene
CAS no.
91-94-1
1476-11-5
120-83-2
87-65-0
84-66-2
119-90-4
60-11-7
119-93-7
105-67-9
131-11-3
84-74-2
100-25-4
534-52-1
51-28-5
121-14-2
606-20-2
117-84-0
621-64-7
122-39-4
86-30-6
122-66-7
206-44-0
86-73-7
118-74-1
87-68-3
77-47-4
67-72-1
70-30-4
1888-71-7
193-39-5
78-59-1
120-58-1
91-80-5
56-49-5
101-14-4
66-27-3
91-57-6
91-20-3
BOAT
reference
no.
89
234
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
219
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
—
117
118
119
120
36
—
121
CLP
constituent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
CS&D
treatability
group
W03
W04
W03
W03
W09
W09
W09
W09
W09
W09
V09
woe
woe
woe
woe
woe
W09
W09
W09
W09
W09
W08
.W08
W01
W04
W01
W04
W01
W04
W08
W09
W07
W08
W08
W03
W09
W08
W08
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 14 of 25
Table 3-2 (continued)
Constituent
Sani volatile organ ics (continued)
*1 , 4-Naphtnoqu inone
*l-Naphthylamine
*2-Naphthylamine
m-Nitroaniline
o-Nitroaniline
p-Nitroaniline
Nitrobenzene
2-Nitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
N-N i trosod i -n-buty lami ne
N-Nitrosodiethylamine
*N-Nitrosodimethylamine
N-Nitrosomethylethylamine
N-Nitrosomorphol ine
N-Nitrosopiperidine
N-N i t rosopyrro 1 i d i ne
5-Nitro-o-toluidine
Pentach 1 orobenzene
*Pentachloroethane
Pentach loron i t robenzene
Pentach loropheno 1
Phenacetin
Phenanthrene
Phenol
*Phthalic anhydride
(Deleted)
Pronamide
Pyrene
*Resorcinol
Safrole
1 , 2 , 4 , 5-Tet rach 1 orobenzene
2 , 3 . 4 . 6-Tet rach loropneno 1
1,2.4-Trichlorobenzene
2,4.5-Trichlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
*Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)
phosphate
CAS no.
130-15-4
134-32-7
91-59-8
99-09-2
88-74-4
100-01-6
98-95-3
88-75-5
100-02-7
924-16-3
55-18-5
62-75-9
10595-95-6
59-89-2
100-75-4
930-55-2
99-65-8
608-93-5
76-01-7
82-68-8
87-86-5
62-44-2
85-01-8
108-95-2
85-44-9
—
23950-58-5
129-00-0
108-46-3
94-59-7
95-94-3
58-90-2
120-82-1
95-95-4
88-06-2
126-72-7
BOAT
reference
no.
122
123
124
—
—
125
126
—
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
220
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
CLP
constituent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
CS&D
treatability
group
W09
W09
W09
W06
W06
W06
W06
¥06
W06
V09
W09
W09
¥09
W09
W09
W09
W06
W01
W04
W03
W03
W09
W08
¥09
¥09
~
¥09
¥08
V09
¥07
W01
¥03
¥01
¥03
¥03
¥04
-------
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 15 of 25
Table 3-2 (continued)
Constituent
Metals
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Calcium
Cadmium
Chromium (total)
Chromium (hexavalent)
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Inorganics other than metals
Cyanide
Fluoride
Sulfide
Oroanochlorine pesticides
Aldrin
alpha-BHC
beta-BHC
delta-BHC
garaw-BHC
Chlordane
CAS no.
7429-90-5
7440-36-0
7440-38-2
7440-39-3
7440-41-7
7440-70-1
7440-43-9
7440-47-3
—
7440-48-4
7440-50-8
7439-89-6
7439-92-1
7439-95-4
7439-96-5
7439-97-6
7440-02-0
7440-09-7
7782-49-2
7440-22-4
7440-23-5
7440-28-0
7440-62-2
7440-66-6
57-12-5
16964-48-8
8496-25-8
309-00-2
319-84-6
319-85-7
319-86-8
58-89-9
57-74-9
BOAT
reference
no.
—
154
155
156
157
—
158
159
221
—
160
—
161
—
—
162
163
~
164
165
—
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
CLP
constituent
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
CS&D
treatability
group
W10
Wll
Mil
U10
U10
W10
Wll
U10
—
W10
W10
W10
Wll
W10
W10
Wll
W10
W10
Wll
W10
W10
Wll
W10
Wll
W12
W12
W12
¥05
W05
W05
W05
W05
W05
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Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 16 of 25
Table 3-2 (continued)
Constituent
CAS no.
BOAT
reference
no.
CLP
constituent
CS&D
treatability
group
Orqanoch Torino pesticides (continued)
p,p'-DDD
o.p'-DDD
p.p'-DDE
o.p'-DDE
p.p'-DDT
o,p'-DDT
Dieldrin
Endosulfan I
Endosulfan II
Endosulfan sulfate
Endrin
Endrin aldehyde
Endrin ketone
Heptachlor
Heptachlor epoxide
Isodrin
Kepone
Nethoxyclor
Toxaphene
Phenoxyacetic acid herbicides
2.4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
Silvex
2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid
Orqanophosphorous Insecticides
Disulfoton
Famphur
Methyl pa rath ion
Parathion
Phorate
PCBs
Aroclor 1016
Aroclor 1221
Aroclor 1232
72-54-8
53-19-0
72-55-9
3424-82-6
50-29-3
789-02-6
60-57-1
939-98-8
33213-6-5
1031-07-8
72-20-8
7421-93-4
53494-70-5
76-44-8
1024-57-3
465-73-6
143-50-0
72-43-5
8001-35-2
94-75-7
93-72-1
93-76-5
298-04-4
52-85-7
298-00-0
56-38-2
298-02-2
12674-11-2
11104-28-2
11141-16-5
178
235
179
236
180
237
181
182
183
238
184
185
~
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
W01
W01
W01
W01
W01
W01
¥05
W05
¥05
U05
W05
W05
W05
W05
W05
W05
W05
W03
W05
W02
W02
W02
W09
W09
W06
woe
W09
W02
W02
W02
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Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 17 of 25
Table 3-2 (continued)
Constituent
BOAT
reference
CAS no. no.
CLP
constituent
CS&O
t Testability
group
PCBs (continued)
Aroclor 1242
Aroclor 1248
Aroclor 1254
Aroclor 1260
53469-21-9
12672-29-6
11097-69-1
11096-82-5
203
204
205
206
W02
W02
U02
W02
Dloxlns and furans
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins
Hexachlorodibenzofurans
.Pentachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins
Pentachlorod i benzofurans
Tetrachlorod i benzo-p-di ox i ns
Tet rach1orod i benzofurans
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorod i benzo-
p-dioxin
1746-01-6
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
U02
W02
W02
U02
W02
W02
WOZ
* Because of the analytical problems associated with these constituents, their analysis should be
undertaken only if they are suspected to be present in the matrix of interest. Approval for
analyzing the specific constituents should be obtained from the EPA Project Manager and his/
designated QA Officer.
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Page 18 of 25
All potential test soils sampled during characterization sampling
visits should be screened for most of these CS&D list constituents unless
available data indicate that the constituents are not present. The
potential test soils should also be screened for the parameters listed in
Table -3-3 to obtain information on soil characteristics that may affect
treatment.
The quality of the analytical data for the CS&D list constituents
will be assessed by the following data quality indicators: analytical
method detection limits, precision, accuracy, completeness,
representativeness, and comparability. Each of these indicators is
discussed in detail below.
3.1 Detection Limits
Matrix detection limits should be calculated for the untreated soils
and each treatment residual sample following the procedures given in
SW-846, where applicable. If samples are diluted, the matrix detection
limit should be calculated as the detection limit for the particular
matrix times the dilution factor.
For the constituents of interest, the detection limit should be af
maximum 1 ppm in the matrix to be analyzed. For multicomponent targ'
analysis such as PCDDs and PCDFs,. the detection limit should be reported
in terms of a single isoraer. The laboratory should try to achieve the
lowest detection limit possible for all constituents of interest
aoosg
-------
Table 3-3 Soil Characteristics That Nay Affecting Performance of Treatment Technologies
Parameter
Ash content
Ash fusibility
Atterberg Units
Bulk density
Cation exchange capacity (CEC)
Chloride
Clay content
Heating value
No i sure content
Nitrogen content
Oil and grease
Oxidation/ reduction potential Uh)
Particle size distribution (PSD)
Permeability
pH
f"
Phosphorous content
Soil classification
Sulfate
Sulfur content
Surfactant concentrat ion
Total halogens
Total organic carbon (TOC)
Biological'
treatment
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Chemical
extraction
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Soil Thermal
Dechlorination Mashing Stabilization desorption
XXX X
X
X
X
XXX X
X
X XX
XXX X
XXX X
X XX
XXX X
X
X
XXX X
.
Thermal
destruction
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Vitrification
X
X
X
X
*XJ O ?8 CO O
(D ft) (D 0) O
rt cr
y • • m H- pi
i-' H- o 3
^o o 3 f-"
> 3 3
O *O 21 0)
pt> i-i 2O rt
h" O • 0)
!•.>»-•• • • a.
Ul
0 0
r j co !-••
i— '
o a
0
a>
cr
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Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 20 of 25
Figure 3-1 provides a decision tree diagram of the steps that the
laboratory must take if a 1-ppm or lower detection limit cannot be
achieved for all constituents.
If a detection limit of 1 ppm or lower cannot be obtained based on
this amount of soil that will be used for sample extraction, digestion, or
other sample preparation step, the laboratory is to stop work and
immediately contact the Contractor Project Manager or his/her designee.
At this time, the laboratory should make recommendations on how to
proceed with the analysis, including recommendations on any additional
cleanup methods that could be used to eliminate the interference or
matrix problems that are preventing the laboratory from achieving this
data quality objective. The Contractor Project Manager must then
immediately notify the EPA Project Manager or his/her designee of the
problem. The EPA Project Manager will then evaluate the recommendations
and determine whether (1) the laboratory should proceed even though a
1-ppm or lower detection limit cannot be achieved, (2) the laboratory
should implement the additional cleanup techniques to achieve better
detection limits, or (3) the work should be discontinued since the
expected detection limits are not adequate to evaluate treatment
performance. Note that the laboratory must obtain approval for exceeding
the 1-ppm detection limit requirement if it has determined by a review of
historical data or by a screening technique that to achieve better
analytical results the amount of sample to be extracted or digested
should be reduced from the sample quantity recommended for samples with
low constituent concentrations.
If sufficient sample is extracted or digested such that a detection
limit of 1 ppm or lower is expected to be achieved for the constituents
of interest in the sample, but some constituents are present at
concentrations greater than the linear range of the calibration curve,
then the laboratory is authorized to quantify the diluted sample results
following each method's procedures without first notifying the Contractor
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Page 21 of 25
Sample Analysis
I
Detection limit of 1 ppm can be
achieved for all constituents
for all samples.
1
1
Detection limit of 1 ppm
cannot be achieved for all
constituents for all samples.
Analyze samples.
^Report resultsu
Detection limit of 1 ppm
cannot be achieved for all
constituents because dilution
is required at instrument to
quantify high concentrations.
Detection limit of 1 ppm cannot be achieved.
Dilute samples.
Analyze samples.
Determine best analytical approach:
(1) Use less sample for extraction or
digestion;
(2) Use cleanup technique prior to sample
extraction or digestion;
(3) Use alternative analytical method; or
(4) Use method as is; 1 ppm detection limit is
not achievable.
Contact EPA Project Manager.
I
1
^Report results}
Determine value for detection limit.
_L
Contact EPA Project Manager.
1
Receive approval to
continue work using
recommended approach.
/^Receive stop
1 work order.
Analyze samples.
^Report results!)
Figure 3-1 Decision Tree Diagram for Achieving Detection Limit
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Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 3
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Date: April 30, 1990
Page 22 of 25
Project Manager that a 1-ppra detection limit may not be achieved for all
constituents in that sample. The laboratory, however, must then notify
the Contractor and EPA Project Managers that the concentration levels of
some constituents were high, impacting the detection limits of other
constituents. The laboratory should make any recommendations on sample
cleanup techniques that may be used to achieve better detection limits
for these other constituents.
The matrix detection limit is to be calculated following the
procedures given in each analytical method. The method detection limit
should be calculated following the procedures given in Section 1 of
SW-846. The method detection limit is calculated using the following
equation:
Method Detection Limit - 6.9s
where s = the standard deviation calculated from three replicates.
3.2 Precision and Accuracy
Precision will be defined in terms of relative percent difference of
the matrix spike and the matrix spike duplicate, where applicable. The
site-specific sampling and analysis plan (SAP) for each treatment test
should specify the samples designated for this analysis.
Precision will be calculated using the following equation for
relative percent difference:
- C2) x 100
RPD (%) - _
C2)/2]
where:
RPD - relative percent difference;
GI - the larger of the two values; and
C-2 - the smaller of the two values.
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Note that acceptable limits for precision are not being specified at this
time. Any RPD results, however, should be reported in the final data
packages received from the laboratory and in the ensuing characterization
or onsite engineering reports.
Accuracy will be defined in terms of percent recovery of laboratory
matrix spikes. For untreated soil samples collected during the
characterization visits, a matrix spike for the constituents of interest
will be completed. For the treatment test analysis, a matrix spike and a
matrix spike duplicate will be completed on one sample of the untreated
soil and one sample of each type of treatment residual. The
characterization/treatment test SAP must specify which samples are to be
selected for the matrix spike and the matrix spike duplicate analyses.
(Note that if treatment test samples are highly concentrated (greater
than 1 percent), a duplicate injection analysis may be substituted for
the matrix spike duplicate analysis.)
The spike constituents will be determined on a site-specific basis
and will be presented in the SAP. Spiking will be completed at the
laboratory prior to extraction or digestion of the sample. If less than
1 liter of sample is required for the matrix spike and matrix spike
duplicate, then one sample container will be filled in the field and the
laboratory will take the sample aliquots for the matrix spike and the
matrix spike duplicate from the same container. If more than 1'liter of
sample is required, then multiple sample containers are required and the
matrix spike and matrix spike duplicate will be taken from different
containers. The spike concentration levels should be 50 to 150 percent
of the initial concentration level prior to spiking or 10 times the
expected matrix detection limit for constitutents expected to be at the
nondetect level.
Recoveries for the matrix spike and matrix spike duplicate should be
at least 20 percent. If recoveries are less than 20 percent, the EPA
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Page 24 of 25
Project Manager must be notified. The EPA Project Manager will determine
whether any additional work is required to achieve spike recoveries of at
least 20 percent. If recoveries are greater than 200 percent, the data
must be flagged; review on a case-by-case basis will determine whether
the results are usable.
The following equation should be used to calculate recoveries:
(Ci - C0>
Percent Recovery (%) x 100
Ct
where:
C^ - concentration of spiked aliquot;
CQ = concentration of unspiked aliquot; and
Ct - concentration of spike added.
3.3 Completeness
Completeness is defined as the number of activities initiated that
are actually finished. For this project, the first activity is acquiring
the samples and the final activity is reporting the analytical data. The
degree of completeness is the number of samples for which acceptable
analytical data are generated divided by the total number of samples
collected times 100. The QA objective for completeness in the CS&D
sampling and analysis efforts is 100 percent. If the completeness is
less than 100 percent, documentation will be provided to explain why the
QA objective was not met and to describe the impact on the project.
3.4 Representativeness
For this project, representativeness is addressed through selection
of appropriate sampling locations and procedures. For the
characterization sampling efforts, the goal is to obtain a sample that is
representative of the most contaminated spot at the site that meets the
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objectives of the treatment test, i.e., a sample of the soil that would
be used for the treatment test. This can be accomplished by reviewing
the historical data available for the sites. Each sample obtained to
characterize the soil at a site will be a composite consisting of six
subsamples.
For the treatment tests, the goal is to obtain samples representative
of the untreated matrix and treatment residuals such that the performance
of the treatment could be evaluated. This can be accomplished by
obtaining matched in and out sample pairs (or sets) of the untreated
matrix and treatment residuals. (Note that residence times must be taken
into account.) Treatment test samples should be composites of three
subsamples unless grab samples are determined to adequately represent the
matrix being analyzed. If possible, debris should be removed from the
soil samples.
3.5 Comparability
For this project, comparability for each treatment test will be
addressed through use of the same analytical procedures to analyze the
samples. The analytical data should be reported in the same units for
each test for all samples collected from a site.
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Page 1 of 12
4.0 FIELD SAMPLING AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES
This section discusses (1) sampling procedures for site
characterization samples, (2) sampling procedures for treatment tests,
(3) field QA/QC activities, (4) sample preservation procedures, (5) split
sampling, (6) sample collection, and (7) health and safety plans.
4.l Sampling Procedures for Site Characterization Samples
One soil sample will be collected during each site characterization
visit. The sample will be collected from the location with the most
highly contaminated soil that meets the objectives of the treatment test
to be conducted. Final selection of locations to be sampled will be
determined by the responsible CS&D Work Group member, his/her
contractor's technical staff, and the site's Remedial Project Manager
(RPM). The existing data used to select the locations will be presented
in the site-specific characterization sampling and analysis plan (SAP).
The criteria used to determine the sampling location for each site will
also be detailed in this SAP. For example, one criterion may be
accessibility for excavation.
The contaminated soil sample may be collected from near-surface
soils, soils several feet below the surface, or sediments from lagoons,
ponds, bayous, etc. The procedures used to collect the sample will vary
depending on where the sample will be taken. For example, a trowel may
be used to collect surface soils, an auger may be used to collect samples
between 1 and 4 feet below grade, and a dredge may be used to collect
sediment. The equipment that will be used to collect the samples must be
specified in the site-specific SAP. For sites that are under
investigation for volatile organics, the field team should also use an
HNu photoionizer to determine where volatile organics are present at the
highest concentrations. Other field equipment such as an organic vapor
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analyzer (OVA) or a combustible gas indicator (CGI) may also be used to
help determine the best location for sampling. Based on a consensus of
the CS&D Work Group members, each characterization sample of untreated
soils should be a composite of six subsamples. All debris in the
subsamples should be removed. The subsamples will be broken up with a
spatula and mixed/blended prior to compositing. The sample aliquots for
each analytical test to be conducted will then be taken from the
composited material. The characterization SAP should contain
documentation on how the samples are to be collected and composited. The
final characterization report must document where the subsamples were
taken and also document any deviations or modifications from the SAP that
were required to take the samples.
A matrix spike sample will be analyzed for the characterization
sample to assess whether the soil matrix presents any analytical problems
that Will affect obtaining adequate spike recovery values from the
samples taken during the actual treatment test. The matrix spike will be
prepared in the laboratory. The constituents to be spiked and the
concentration levels for the spike constituents must be specified in the
SAP.
4.2 Sampling Procedures for Treatment Tests
Prior to the treatment test, the soil to be treated must be
excavated. The treatment test SAP must discuss how the soil will be
excavated and should identify the area to be excavated on a topographical
map. This area should be the same location from which the site
characterization sample was taken. In addition, the amount of soil to be
excavated for the treatment test must be specified in the SAP.
The treatment test SAP must document any decontamination procedures
that will be required for the excavation equipment. In addition, the SAP
must discuss how decontamination water and any contaminated disposable
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Date: April 30, 1990
Page 3 of 12
sampling equipment will be disposed of after the treatment test has been
completed, i.e., whether the contaminated water and materials must be
drummed and removed offsite or whether the contaminated material will be
disposed of by the site's RPM.
The soil may require some preparation such as grinding or blending
prior to being fed into the treatment system. The SAP should discuss
what procedures may be used, and the onsite engineering report should
document the exact procedures that were used. The untreated samples for
the test should be collected after this preparation step. If the
treatment system does not require grinding or blending prior to
treatment, the excavated soil will not be ground or blended.
Sampling procedures, locations, and frequencies must be documented in
the treatment test SAP. Sampling times for the untreated and treated
samples must take into account the residence time of the treatment
system. The untreated and treated samples must be corresponding matched
pairs so that waste characteristics can be evaluated and a materials
balance can be completed around the unit. Any deviations from obtaining
matched pairs must be documented in the SAP and must be approved by the
EPA Project Manager. If possible, six sets of untreated and treated
samples should be collected. However, the final selection of the number
of sampling sets needed to evaluate the treatment system must be approved
by the EPA Project Manager and presented in the treatment test SAP.
All samples collected during the treatment tests will be a composite
of three subsamples unless grab samples are determined to adequately
represent the matrix being evaluated (e.g., well-mixed quench water from
a thermal treatment unit). All debris should be removed from the
untreated soil subsamples. The subsamples should be broken up with a
spatula and mixed/blended prior to compositing. The sample aliquots for
each analytical test to be conducted will then be taken from the
composited material. The site-specific SAP must document how the
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Page 4 of 12
subsamples are to be collected and composited. The onsite engineering
report must document where the subsamples were taken and also any
deviations or modifications from the SAP that were required to take the
samples.
A matrix spike and a matrix spike duplicate analysis should be
completed for the untreated soils and the treatment residuals. These
spikes will be prepared in the laboratory. The sample set to be spiked,
the constituents to be spiked, and the concentration level of the spike
constitutents must be specified in the SAP.
In addition to samples for analysis, design and operating data must
be collected. These data will be used to determine whether the treatment
system was well designed and well operated. The SAP must specify what
design and operating data are to be collected, why they are important,
where and how these data are to be collected, and how frequently they are
to be collected.
4.3 Field QA/QC Activities
4.3.1 Representativeness
For characterization sampling visits, sampling locations will be
chosen to be representative of the location with the most highly
contaminated soil that meets the objectives of the treatment test to be
conducted. For treatment tests, sampling locations will be chosen so
that they are representative of the untreated soil and the treatment
residuals obtained from the treatment system under investigation. The
sample volume to be collected must be sufficient for measurement of all
parameters of interest. Debris will be removed from all samples. For
samples to be composited in the field, the subsamples will be mixed
thoroughly with a spatula before dispensing the sample aliquots to the
laboratory.
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4.3.2 Back-Up Samples
For critical parameters (e.g., the CS&D list constituents) a back-up
sample aliquot may need to be taken to ensure the 100 percent
completeness data quality objective. If the back-up samples are taken,
they must be shipped in separate packages to ensure that a complete set
of samples arrives at the laboratory. The chain of custody forms will
identify the back-up sample aliquots, and these sample aliquots will be
labeled "hold for analyses." These sample aliquots will be analyzed only
if the original sample is damaged or lost in shipment.
4.3.3 Containers
All sample containers will be cleaned prior to use following
U.S. EPA protocols specified in SW-846, Third Edition (USEPA 1986). The
sample containers may be cleaned in the laboratory or may be purchased
pre-cleaned by I-Chem or other vendors.
4.3.4 Blanks
Blank samples, i.e., equipment blanks, trip blanks, and field blanks,
will be taken during characterization sampling visits and treatment tests
according to the discussion provided below. All blanks from treatment
tests must be analyzed as specified in the individual treatment test
SAPs. Analyses of blanks collected during the characterization sampling
visits is not a requirement, although analyses would be warranted in
cases where contamination is suspected.
One equipment blank per site visit per type of equipment to be
decontaminated or per decontamination procedure to be used will be
collected if field equipment is to be decontaminated and reused. At a
minimum, one equipment blank per sampling episode for a treatment test
must be collected and analyzed even if all field equipment is new.
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This equipment blank will be used to determine whether the glassware or
other field equipment was a source of contamination. If field
decontamination procedures are to be used, they must be documented in the
characterization and/or treatment test SAP. The number of equipment
blanks to be analyzed and the parameters for which they are to be
analyzed must be specified in the site-specific SAP.
One trip blank that is not opened in the field will be taken. This
blank will be used to determine whether any contamination resulted from
sample transport, shipping, or site conditions. The parameters for which
the trip blank is to be analyzed must be specified in the appropriate
site-specific SAP. The trip blank will be prepared by pouring laboratory
pure water (as defined in SW-846) into the sample container. The blanks
will be packed and shipped with the sample containers throughout the
entire process. (Laboratory pure water, as defined in SW-846, is
distilled or deionized water or Type II reagent water that is free of
contaminants that may interfere with the analytical test.)
In most cases, field blanks will be collected to verify that volatile
organic contamination has not occurred. Thus, field blanks will be taken
only at sites where samples for analysis of volatile organics are
collected, and these blanks will be analyzed solely for volatile
organics. Each blank will consist of laboratory pure water taken to the
field and poured into a sample container in the area where the treatment
system is located or where the most contaminated soil that meets the
objectives of the treatment test is located. The number of field blanks
for volatile organics must be specified in the appropriate SAP.
If constituents of interest are measured in the blank, documentation
will be presented in the onsite engineering report that explains the
impact of the contamination on the samples collected.
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4.4 Sample Preservation and Containerlzation
All samples will be preserved in the field in accordance with U.S. EPA
protocols. The SAP must specify the containers, sample size, holding
time, and sample preservation requirements for each analytical parameter
for every sample matrix. The laboratory should be contacted to determine
the sample volume required to complete each analysis. The containers
should be filled to the top to ensure that a sufficient amount of sample
is available for the analysis. Table 4-1 provides an example of the
containers, sample sizes, holding times, and sample preservation
requirements for the analytical parameters listed.
4. 5 Split Sampling
If a site RPM or other party so requests, split samples will be
provided at the time of sample collection. The procedures for providing
split samples are as follows:
1. At the time of sample collection, take a sufficient amount of
sample for both the site and the laboratory sample. For samples
to be composited, the subsamples are taken as grabs. The debris
is removed, and the samples are then homogenized, composited, and
split. The aliquots are then transferred to the appropriate
sample containers. For grab samples, sufficient sample is taken,
mixed, and transferred to the appropriate sample containers.
2. Record in the field logbook that split samples were provided, and
record observations and judgments about sample homogeneity.
4.6 Sample Collection
Site-specific SAPs must be developed for each characterization
sampling visit and each treatment test sampling visit. The site-specific
SAPs must contain sample collection guidance that addresses the following
considerations:
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Table 4-1 Example of Sample Containers, Sizes, Holding Times, and Preservation Requirements
Parameter Container
Wastewaters
Total metals P, G
TCLP (metals only)b P, 6
pH
Chloride } P, G
Sulfate |
Total solids J
Total organic carbon G
Volatile organ its G
Semivolatile organicsc G
Dioxins and furansc G
Solids and Sediments
Total metals ) P, G
1
„ 1
TCLP (metals only)" J
Chloride ] G
Sulfate j
Total organic carbon J
Sample Holding
size time Preservation8
1 one-liter 6 months (except pH <2 with HN03>
jar mercury at 28 days) cool _<4*C
1 one-liter 6 months (except cool^4*C
jar mercury at 28 days)
Immediately
1 500-ml jar 28 days cool _<4-C
28 days
7 days
2 40-ml VOA vials 28 days pH <2 with
H2S04, coolie
2 40-ml VOA vials 14 days cool^4*C
2 one-liter 7 days to extraction, cool .<4*C
jars 40 days to analysis
2 one-liter 30 days to extraction, cool_<4'C
jars 45 days to analysis
from collection
1 500-ml wide- 6 months (except cool .<4*C
mouth jar mercury at 28 days)
6 months to TCLP extraction,
6 months to analysis
(except mercury at 28
days and 28 days.
respectively)
1 250-ml jar 28 days cool _<4-C
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Table 4-1 (continued)
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Page 9 of 12
Parameter Container
Solids and Sediments (cont. )
Volatile organics 6
Semi volatile organ icsc G
Dioxins and furans0 G
Sludges
Total metals ) P. G
TCLP (metals only)b J
Chloride } G
Sulfate |
Total organic carbon |
Total solids ]
Volatile organics G
Semivolatile organics ° G
Dioxins and furansc G
P - Plastic
G - Glass
Sample
size
1 120-ml jar
1 250-ml jar
1 120-ml jar
2 one- liter
wide-mouth jars
1 500-ml
wide-mouth jar
2 40-ml VOA vials
2 one- liter
wide-mouth jars
2 one- liter
wide-mouth jars
Holding
time
14 days
14 days to extraction,
40 days to analysis
30 days to extraction,
45 days to analysis
from collection
6 months (except
mercury at 28 days)
28 days
28 days
28 days
7 days
14 days
14 days to extraction,
40 days to analysis
30 days to extraction,
45 days to analysis
from collection
Preservation
cool _f4"C
cool _<4*C
cool _<4*C
cool _<4'C
cool _<4'C
cool ^4"C
cool ^4'C
cool _<4"C
a Field samples will be packed on ice for shipment. Upon receipt at the laboratory, the samples will
be stored at^4*C.
If TCLP extracts are to be analyzed for organics, holding times are as follows: volatiles. 14 days
to TCLP extraction and 14 days to analysis (28 days total); semivolatiles, 7 days to TCLP extraction,
7 days to preparative extraction, and 40 days to analysis (54 days total).
c For samples requiring QA analyses (MS and NSD), collect twice the amount.
Note: Sample containers must be filled to ensure that adequate sample is available for analysis.
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Sampling point descriptions. The sampling points selected must
be described and the justification for their selection must be
provided. All sampling points will be identified either on a
topographical map of the site or on the schematic diagram for the
treatment system. Available background information on the site
and the contaminated soil to be tested should also be provided.
Sample collection method. Sample collection procedures will be
described for each sample location. All samples will be
composites unless it has been determined that grab samples will
adequately represent the matrix under evaluation. For the
characterization sample, the composite will be composed of six
subsamples. For the treatment test, composite samples of the
untreated soil and treatment residuals will be composed of three
subsamples. In addition, the logistics of excavation and
transport of the contaminated soil should be documented.
Frequency. The frequency of sample collection at each sampling
location will be specified in the SAP and will be selected to
best characterize the variability in (1) the soil, (2) the
treatment process, and (3) the analytical results. If possible,
for the treatment test, six sets of untreated and treated samples
wi.ll be collected. Sampling times for the untreated and treated
samples must take into account residence time of the treatment
system. The untreated and treated samples should be
corresponding matched pairs.
Constituents to be analyzed. For all sampling points, it is
necessary to specify which of the compounds shown in Table 3-1
(CS&D list of constituents) and other parameters will be
analyzed. All analyses should be performed using SW-846 (Third
Edition) or other EPA-approved methods as discussed in Section 7.
Deviations from this list of compounds must be justified. (For
example, if data show that particular groups of compounds are not
present, then further analysis of these compounds may not be
required for the other samples.)
Total composition and TCLP extracts. All samples will be
analyzed for total composition of all CS&D list constituents.
All nonwastewater treatment residuals as well as untreated soil
samples from stabilization treatment tests will also be subjected
to the TCLP extraction, and the extract will be analyzed for
metals. The TCLP extracts of both untreated soil samples and
nonwastewater residuals from selected treatment tests may also be
analyzed for organic compounds. However, these TCLP extracts
will be analyzed for organic compounds only at the direction of
the EPA Project Manager. The need to analyze the TCLP extracts
for organics will depend upon the organic constituents present at
the site and the treatment system to be assessed; e.g., TCLP
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would not be required for a treatment system that destroys the
organic constituents, such as incineration, but may be required
for a treatment system, such as stabilization, that only reduces
or immobilizes the organics present. The SAP will specify which
samples need to have the TCLP extracts analyzed for organics.
Sample containerization and preservation. Procedures for
sample containerization and preservation will be documented. A
sufficient amount of sample will be collected to complete each
analysis requested. In addition, for the sample set for which a
matrix spike and a matrix spike duplicate are to be analyzed, a
sufficient amount of sample must also be collected for these
additional analysis.
Quality control/quality assurance. The number of equipment,
trip, and field blanks to be collected and the parameters for
which they are to be analyzed must be specified in the SAP.
Procedures for decontamination and disposal of field equipment
should be documented. The samples for which a matrix spike and a
matrix spike duplicate are to be analyzed, the spike constituents
to be spiked, and the concentration level of the spike
constituents must be specified in the SAP. Table 4-2 is an
example of the table that should be prepared for each SAP
summarizing the analyses to be completed and the associated
quality control samples to be analyzed for each sample location.
In addition to the sample collection considerations, the SAP must
contain a number of other elements. These are discussed in the
checklists provided in Appendix A.
4.7 Health and Safety Plan
If a health and safety plan has already been completed for the site,
the sampling team will follow protocols established for the site. If no
such plan exists, one will be developed for sampling at the site and/or
for the treatment test. At a minimum, the health and safety plan will
document the safety equipment required, the types of chemicals or
contaminants that may be present in the samples and/or at the sites,
health effects of the contaminants, any special precautions that may be
required at the site, the location of the nearest medical facility, and
the applicable emergency response phone numbers.
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Table 4-2 Example Summary of Planned Analyses
and Quality Control Samples
Number of samples collected
Untreated Treatment
Test Preliminary soil residual
Semivolatiles
Primary samples 166
Matrix spikes3 111
Matrix spike duplicates3 0 . ' 1 1
Spare samples marked "Hold
for Analysis" 166
Field sampling blank 101
Equipment blank 001
Metals
Primary samples 166
Matrix spikes3 111
Matrix spike duplicates3 Oil
Spare samples marked "Hold
for Analysis" 166
Field sampling blank 111
Equipment blank
3 Analyses of the matrix spike and matrix spike duplicate samples are
to be completed for the third set of matched samples collected for the
untreated soil and the treatment residuals. Note that sufficient
sample aliquot amounts must be collected for this set of samples to
complete these analyses.
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Section No.: 5
Revision No.: 1
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 1 of 9
5.0 SAMPLE CUSTODY AND TRANSPORT
5.1 Field Custody
All samples collected will be labeled and identified using a multi-
part label; an example of a three-part label is shown in Figure 5-1. The
labels have preprinted numbers that become the field sample number. One
portion will be completed and affixed to the sample bottle; another
portion will be entered into the field notebook with pertinent
information entered alongside the label. All replicate volumes for a
particular sample/parameter will have the same field sample number
assigned to them. However, a letter code should be'added to the same
number for each container with the same field number to assist tracking
on a container-by-container basis. In some cases, this may require the
use of handwritten labels in addition to the preprinted labels.
Sample custody seals (see Figure 5-2) will be placed around all
shipping container lids to detect unauthorized tampering with samples
following collection and prior to the time of analysis. The seal must be
attached in such a way that it is necessary to break it in order to open
the container. Seals must be affixed at the time of packaging by the
sampling crew chief or his/her designee. The seal should include the
following information:
• Signature of the sampling crew chief or his/her designee and
• Date of sampling.
Sample custody will begin, in all cases, at the time of sample
collection by placing the sample in an ice chest, or other appropriate
container, in the possession of the designated field sample custodian
(usually the sampling crew chief). A line item on the chain of custody
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Page 2 of 9
VERSAR INC.
39530
PARAMETER
39530 DUPLICATE
VERSAR INC.
39530
PARAMETER
TASK
PLANT
SAMPLE LOCAT'DM
MATRIX
SAMPLING COMMENTS
SIGNATURE
TIME; DATE
Figure 5-1 Example of Three-Part Label
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Page 3 of 9
CUSTODY SEAL
Date
Signature
Figure 5-2 Example of Custody Seal
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Date: April 30, 1990
Page 4 of 9
record form (see Figure 5-3) will be immediately filled out and signed by
the field sample custodian. The following procedures will be followed
when filling out the chain of custody record:
PROJECT NO.
PROJECT NAME
SAMPLERS
FIELD SAMPLE NO.
DATE
TIME
COMPOSITE/GRAB
SAMPLE LOCATION
NO. OF CONTAINERS
PARAMETERS
REMARKS
Enter the complete project number.
Enter the project name.
Enter signature and print name of person or
person(s) who participated in the collection of the
samples listed and who should be contacted if
questions arise during sample log-in. If the field
sample custodian is not listed as a sampler,
receipt documentation should be indicated.
Enter the assigned sample numbers for each sample
collected.
Enter date of sample collection. If sample is a
composite, indicate both start and finish date.
Enter time of actual sample collection. If sample
is a composite, indicate both start and finish time.
Indicate by a check the type of sample.
Enter a description of location as well as any
location code that has been assigned.
Enter the number of containers to be shipped for a
sample and its replicates.
Indicate parameters to be analyzed; if
abbreviations or parameter categories (e.g., VOA)
are used, further details on exactly what
constituents are to be analyzed must be given to
the laboratory performing the analysis.
Indicate special considerations for a sample (e.g.,
preservatives used or whether samples are to be
held pending the EPA Project Manager's approval
prior to analysis).
3006g
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CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
PROJECT NO.
PROJECT NAME
i
SAMPLERS: ISitn*n>">
FIELD
SAMPLE
NUMBER
DATE
TIME
Rdinquiihed by: ISigntna*!
IPrinudl
R*llnquiih*dby: Itifnuunl
IPrinud)
1
Oil*
|
o
(Primed!
STATION LOCATION /n
/Tim*
Oil*
/Tim*
R*c*l**d by: ISiintiuetl
(Prinlldl
R*c*b*d for Laboratory by:
ISifiuunt
IPrinitdl
/ / PARAMETERS
' / / /
f////
INDUSTRIAL V
HVGIENE SAMPLE N
/ / / / REMARKS
Ralinqulihid by: fSifruiu»J
IPrinitdl
0*1*
/Tim*
Ramartu "
Data / Tim* R*c*i»*d by: ISigiwtunl
IPrintldl
>T3 O yo in o
01 (b (0 (T) O
«o H- rt rt
O 3 H-
O > 3 3
r-h-O 2 (U
*1 5Z O n
H- o • n>
VD r-1 • •• O.
u> in
o o
o
(0
cr
Oninbulion O'lfind Plui Oni AccomptniM Shipmtnl Iwtiin and ytllOMl. Copy 10 Cooidiniiot f Hid Filn (p nkl
13
Figure 5-3 Example of Chain of Custody Record
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Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 5
Revision No.: 1
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 6 of 9
Upon completion of all line items, or upon sample pickup, the
custodian will sign, date, enter the time, and confirm completeness of
all descriptive information contained on the chain of custody record.
Each individual who subsequently assumes responsibility for the sample
will sign the chain of custody record and indicate the reason for
assuming custody. The field chain of custody record will terminate upon
laboratory receipt of samples. The field sample custodian should retain
the pink copy of the chain of custody record for the program files.
5.2 Sample Transport
Samples must be packaged and labeled for shipment in compliance with
current U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) and International Air
Transport Association (IATA) dangerous goods regulations. In addition,
any additional requirements stipulated by the overnight carrier will be
followed. The packaging and labeling requirements will be provided in
the site-specific sampling and analysis plan (SAP).
Only a metal or plastic ice chest should be used as the outside
shipping container for hazardous waste samples, unless otherwise
specified by the shipping regulations. The outside container must be
able to withstand a 4-foot drop on solid concrete in the position most
likely to cause damage. Each ice chest will be lined with two 6-mil
thick plastic bags. When sample containers are placed in an ice chest
for shipment, all samples from a single sampling location, except for
duplicate samples, if collected, will be kept together as a set unless
the SAP specifies otherwise. Replicate samples will be packaged and
shipped in a separate ice chest. Since the replicate samples are
collected only to ensure that a sufficient sample quantity is available
should a problem occur during sample transport, the chain of custody
forms should have these samples marked as "hold for analysis." Styrofoam
or bubble wrap will be used to absorb shock. When more than one set can
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Date: April 30, 1990
Page 7 of 9
fit into an ice chest, one of the sets will be placed in a separate
plastic bag to prevent cross-contamination if breakage should occur. VOA
vials will be packaged inside a plastic "ziplock" bag. Styrofoam or
bubble wrap can be used to prevent bottle breakage. The outside of the
VOA package will be labeled with the appropriate sample identification
number. VOA vials should be shipped with appropriate sample sets from a
given sample location.
After sample containers are sufficiently packaged, the 6-mil thick
plastic bags will be sealed around the samples by twisting the top and
securely taping the bag closed to prevent leakage. The custody seal will
be placed around the neck of the bag. When preservation requirements
dictate, ice will be placed between the inner and outer plastic bags,
with the latter taped shut.
Chain of custody records and any other shipping/sample documentation
accompanying the shipment will be enclosed in a waterproof plastic bag
and taped to the underside of the ice chest lid.
Each ice chest prepared for shipment will be securely taped shut.
This can be accomplished with reinforced or other suitable tape (e.g.,
strapping tape) wrapped at least twice around the ice chest near each end
where the hinges are located. Custody seals will be affixed across the
joint between the top and bottom (both in front and in back) of each ice
chest prepared for shipment.
Sample shipping containers will be marked in accordance with DOT
Regulations for Shipping Hazardous Materials (49 CFR 172) and/or 1ATA
Dangerous Goods Regulations, 28th Edition, January 1, 1987. In addition
to the complete mailing address, each ice chest must be clearly marked
with "this end up" arrows on all four sides, a label on each side of the
container indicating the proper shipping description of the samples, and
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Date: April 30, 1990
Page 8 of 9
a sticker that contains the originator's address. For instance, if the
shipping name "hazardous substance, liquid or solid, n.o.s. (not
otherwise specified)" is used, the hazard class for each shipping
container would be ORM-E (other regulated material--class E) and the DOT
identification number used would be NA 9188. Labels designating this
information will be displayed on all four sides of the container.
When sample shipment modes are selected, care will be taken not to
exceed allowable holding times for individual analytes. All samples will
be either delivered by the sampling crew or shipped "Priority One/
Overnight" via a commercial carrier. Samples can be shipped through a
reliable commercial carrier, such as Federal Express, Emery, Purolator,
or their equivalent. If commercial carriers are used, airbills will be
completed and attached to the exterior lids of the containers. Multiple
shipment labels will be used when shipping more than one container.
If a commercial carrier is used, the sampling crew chief should
supply the following information to the laboratory coordinator: the date
on which the samples were shipped, the name of the commercial carrier,
the airbill number, the number of shipping containers (e.g., ice chests)
shipped, and the expected date of arrival at the laboratory-.
5.3 Laboratory Sample Custody
Samples will arrive at the laboratory via delivery by the sampling
crew or an overnight courier service. After the ice chests are checked
for intact custody seals, the samples will be unpacked and the informa-
tion on the accompanying chain of custody records will be examined. If
the samples shipped match those described on the chain of custody record,
the laboratory sample custodian will sign the form and assume responsi-
bility for the samples. If problems are noted with the sample shipment,
the laboratory custodian will sign the form and record problems in the
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"Remarks" box. The laboratory should have a Standard Operating Procedure
(SOP) for laboratory sample custody. This SOP should include provisions
for the laboratory sample custodian.
Any missing samples, missing sample tags, broken sample bottles, or
unpreserved samples will be noted on the chain of custody record. If
there are problems with any individual samples, the sample custodian will
inform the laboratory coordinator of such problems. The laboratory
coordinator will then contact the Contractor Project Manager or the EPA
Project Manager to determine a viable solution to the problem.
All samples will then be logged into a sample logbook. The following
information will be documented in the logbook:
Date and time of sample receipt
Project number
Field sample number
Laboratory sample number (assigned during log-in procedure)
Sample matrix
Sample parameters
Storage location
Log-in person's initials.
All information relevant to the samples will be secured at the end of
each business day. All samples will be stored in a designated sample
storage refrigerator, access to which will be limited to laboratory
employees.
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Section No.: 6
Revision No.: 2
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Page 1 of 4
6.0 CALIBRATION PROCEDURES
6.1 Laboratory Analyses
All instruments will be calibrated each day that analyses are
performed. The calibration standards will include the constituents of
concern for the project. The calibration procedures described in the
appropriate analytical methods will be followed. In addition, the
laboratory must have a standard operating procedure (SOP) for instrument
calibration. These SOPs must be available for review upon request by the
EPA Project Manager, the Contractor Project Manager, or their designees.
All calibration information will be documented. If the calibration
check standard does not meet the criteria specified in the method, the
instrument will be recalibrated and the samples analyzed after the last
calibration check standard meeting the calibration specifications will be
reanalyzed. If deviations from or modifications to these procedures are
necessary, approval must he obtained from EPA prior to implementation of
the deviation/modification, and documentation of these deviations/modifi
cations and the reason for their implementation must be presented in the
final analytical data .report.
Calibration standards must be prepared using pure standard materials
or purchased as certified solutions. If the standards are made from pure
standard materials, the materials must be assayed and the purity of the
standard must be known. When compound purity is assayed to be 96 percent
or greater, the weight may be used without correction to calculate the
concentration of the stock solution unless otherwise specified in the
analytical material. Commercially prepared stock standards may be used
at any concentration if they are certified by the manufacturer or by an
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Page 2 of 4
independent source. The name of the manufacturer and the information
regarding purity of the standard or the concentration of the stock
solution, if commercially prepared, must be available upon request.
Below is an overview of the calibration procedures for the analytical
instruments that may be used for this project. The concentrations of the
calibration standards for each method will be determined by the detection
limit and the linear curve of the range. For example, for a three-point
calibration or curve, one standard would be selected near the detection
limit, one at the midpoint of the linear range, and one at the upper end
of the curve.
Instrument
Flame AA
Perkin Elmer 2380
Furnace AA-
Perkin Elmer 3030 and/or
Perkin Elmer 5000
ICP
Jarrel-Ash ICAP-61
GC
Hewlett Packard 5890
with 30 meter DB-1 or
DB-5 column and electron
capture detection (ECD)
GC/MS
Finnigan 5100
Procedure
Daily four-point calibration with blank, 1,
5, and 10 mg/1 standards. Check standard,
and blank analysis after every 10 samples.
Daily five-point calibration with blank, 5,
10, 20, and 50 Mg/1 standards. Check
standard and blank analysis after every 10
samples.
Daily two-point calibration with blank and 1
mg/1 standards. Interference check sample
analysis every 8 hours. Check standard and
blank analysis after every 10 samples.
Meet chromatographic acceptance criteria
(such as degradation, peak shape,
sensitivity, signal to noise ratio, and
retention time stability). Then do three-
point initial calibration with 0.2, 0.25,
and 1.0 Mg/1 standards followed by daily
chromatographic check and calibration check.
Meet MS tuning criteria followed by chromato-
graphic acceptance criteria. Then do three-
point initial calibration with 20, 50, and
100 ng/ml standards followed by daily chroma-
tographic check and calibration check.
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Section No.: 6
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Date: April 30. 1990
Page 3 of 4
Instrument
Analytical
balance
HPLC
pH meter
Conductivity meter
UV spectrometer
Technicon
TOC
TOX
1C
Thermometers
Hg analyzer
Procedure
Prior calibration check with class S weights
in the gram and milligram range. Other
checks as appropriate in expected weighing
range.
Meet chromatographic acceptance criteria
(such as degradation, peak shape, sensi-
tivity, signal to noise ratio, and retention
time stability). Then do multipoint initial
calibration followed by daily chromato-
graphic check and calibration check.
Three-point calibration at pH 5, 7, and 10.
Calibration check after every 10 samples.
Calibration check daily and every 20 samples.
Daily multipoint calibration. Check
standard every 20 samples.
Daily multipoint calibration. Check
standard every 20 samples.
Daily single-point calibration in triplicate.
Check standard every 20 samples.
Daily calibration check. Check standard
every 20 samples.
Daily multipoint calibration. Check standard
every 20 samples.
Check against NBS thermometer every 6 months.
Daily four-point calibration. Check standard
and blank analysis after every 10 samples.
6.2
Field Calibration
All instruments will be calibrated each day that analyses are
performed in the field. The calibration standards will include the
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constituents of concern for the project. The calibration procedures
described in the appropriate Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) written
for the field team and provided in the SAP will be followed. If the
calibration check standard does not meet the criteria specified in the
method, the use of the instrument will be discontinued until the unit can
be recalibrated. Samples analyzed after the last calibration check
standard meeting the calibration specifications will be reanalyzed with a
calibration instrument, if possible. In addition, calibration checks
will be made by the crew chief at times specified in the SAP.
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Section No.: 7
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 1 of 6
7.0 ANALYTICAL METHODS
Analytical methods to be used for the data collection effort of the
CS&D Program will be selected, whenever possible, from EPA/OSW-approved
methods, most of which appear in Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste
(SW-846), Third Edition (USEPA 1986). Exceptions to the requirement will
be allowed for cases in which the EPA/OSW-approved methods are not
appropriate for the preparation or analysis of a specific sample matrix
or are not available for a particular constituent or other parameter of
interest.
References to be used for selecting alternatives to the approved
methods include the following:
1. Methods for the Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes (MCAWW).
EPA 600/4-79-020 (USEPA 1983);
2. Other available EPA methods, e.g., methods described in the
Statement of Work (SOW) for EPA's Contract Laboratory Program
(CLP);
3. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater
(SM), 16th Edition (APHA, AWWA. and WPCF 1985); and
4. Methods published annually by the American Society of Testing and
Materials (ASTM).
Table 7-1 presents recommended SW-846 methods and other methods for
parameters that may be analyzed for in CS&D characterization and
treatment test samples. All SAPs should specify the exact analytical
methods to be employed in tables that are similar to Table 7-1.
Whether an EPA-approved or another method is used for the constituent
parameter of interest, the laboratory in its final data report to the
engineering staff will document the methods used and any modifications or
deviations required to analyze the various samples. If feasible, the
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laboratory will obtain approval from the contractor and EPA Project
Manager for such method modifications or deviations prior to
implementation. The methods used also will be documented in all
characterization reports and OERs.
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Section No.: 7
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 3 of 6
Table 7-1 Recommended Analytical Methods
Parameter
Preparation
Method9
Analysis
method*
Soils. Solids, and Sediments
CS&D list constituents:
Volatile organics
Nethanol
Semi volatile organics
TCLP for organics
Metals, total
ICP metals
Arsenic
Chromium (hexavalent)
Lead
Mercury
Selenium
Thallium
Metals. TCLP
ICP metals
Arsenic
Chromium (hexavalent)
Lead
Mercury
Selenium
Thallium
Cyanides
Fluorides
SuIfides
Organcchlorine pesticides
Phenoxyacetic acid herbicides
Organophosphorous insecticides
PCBs
Dioxins and furans
5030
5040
3540/3550
1311 followed by
methods for organics
in wastewaters
3050
3050
TCLP-51 FR 40643
3050
3050
3050
1311 followed by:
3010
3020
3020
8240
8015
8270
Follow methods'for
organics in wastewaters
6010
7060
7197
7421
7471
7740
7841
6010
7060
7197
7421
7470
7740
7841
9012
MCAUU 340.2
9030
8080
8150
8140
8080
8280
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Section No.: 7
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 4 of 6
Table 7-1 (continued)
Parameter
Preparation
method*
Analysis
method8
Other parameters:
Ash content
Ash fusibility
Atterberg limits
Bulk density
Cation exchange capacity (CEC)
Chemical oxygen demand (COO)
Chloride
Clay content
Corrosivity
Heating value
Noisure content
Nitrogen content
Oil and grease
Oxidation/reduction potential (E.)
n
Particle size distribution (PSD)
Permeability
Pore volume
pH
Phosphorous content
Soil classification
Specific gravity
Sulfate
Sulfur content
Surfactant concentration
Total halogens
Total Kjeldahl nitrogen
Total organic carbon (TOO)
Total organic ha1 ides
ASTN 0698
AST* D3174
ASTN E953
ASTN 04318
ASTN D2937/D1556
9080/9061
NCAW 410.1 - .4
9250
X-ray diffraction
1110
ASTN 02015
ASTN 02216
ASTN E148
9071
ASTN 01498
ASTN 0422
9100
ASTN 04404
9045
NCAW 365.4
ASTN 02487
ASTN 0854
9036
ASTN 04239
NCAtM 425.1
ASTN 0808
ASTN 03179
Lloyd Kahn
9020
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Section No.: 7
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 5 of 6
Table 7-1 (continued)
Parameter
Preparation
method"
Analysis
method"
Wastewaters
CS&D list parameters:
Volatile organics
Semivolatile organics
Metals
ICP metals
Arsenic
Chromium (hexavalent)
Lead
Mercury
Seleniw
Thallium
Cyanides
Fluorides
Sulfides
Organochlorine pesticides
Phenoxyacetic acid herbicides
Organophosphorous insecticides
PCBs
Dioxins and furans
Other parameters
Acidity
Alkalinity
Bromide
Chemical oxygen Demand (COD)
Chloride
Color
Conductance
Corrosivity
Hardness, total
3510/3520
3010
3020
3020
8240
8270
6010
7060
7197
7421
7470
7740
7841
9012
NCAW 340.2
9030
8080
8150
8140
8080
8280
NCAW 305.1
NCAW 310.1
NCAtW 320.1
NCAW 410.1 - .4
9250-52
NCAW 110.1 - .3
NCAW 120.1
1110
130.1 - .2
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Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 7
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 6 of 6
Table 7-1 (continued)
Parameter
Preparation
method*
Analysis
method*
Heat value
Iodide
Nitrogen
Ammonia
Kjeldahl. total
Nitrate
Nitrate-nitrite
Nitrite
Odor
Oil and grease
Oxidation/reduction potential (E.)
n
P"
Phosphorus
Solids
Filterable, gravimetric
Nonfilterable, gravimetric
Total, gravimetric
Volatile gravimetric
Settleable matter
Specific gravity of liquid phases
Sulfate
Total organic carbon (TOC)
Total organic ha1 ides (TOX)
Turbidity
Viscosity
ASTN E711
NCAW 345.1
NCAW 350.1 - .3
NCAIM 351.1 - .4
NCAW 352.1
NCAW 353.1 - .3
MCAMW 354.1
NCAW 140.1
9070
ASTN D1498
9040
NCAW 365.1 - .4
NCAW 160.1
NCAW 160.2
NCAW 160.3
NCAW 160.4
NCAW 160.5
ASTN D891
9035/9036/9038
9060
9020/9022
NCAW 180.1
ASTN D445
a All methods are SU-846 Methods unless otherwise specified.
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Section No.: 8
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 1 of 5
8.0 DATA REDUCTION, VALIDATION, AND REPORTING
For data to be scientifically valid, legally defensible, and
comparable, valid procedures must be used to prepare those data. The
following sections describe the data reduction, validation, and reporting
procedures to be used for field and laboratory data.
8.1 Data Reduction
The analytical laboratory will specify its data reduction methods. A
deliverable checklist will be filled out during data review to ensure
completeness of data.
Wherever possible, the initial data reduction will be computerized.
This reduces the frequency of transcription errors and calculation
errors. Where data reduction is not computerized, calculations will be
performed in permanently bound laboratory notebooks with carbon copy
pages or on preprinted data reduction pages. The data reduction for some
analyses includes analysts' interpretations of the raw data and manual
calculations. When this is required, the analysts' decisions will be
written in ink on the raw data sheets. Any corrections to data sheets
will be made by lining out inaccurate information, initialing the
line-out, and adding the revised information next to the line-out.
8.2 Data Validation
Data validation begins with the analyst and continues until the data
are reported. The individual analysts will verify the completion of the
appropriate data forms to verify the completeness and correctness of data
acquisition and reduction. The Laboratory Supervisor or the data
reduction staff will review computer and manual data reduction results
and will inspect laboratory notebooks and data sheets to verify data
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reduction correctness and completeness and to ensure close adherence to
the specified analytical method protocols. Calibration and QC data will
be examined by the individual analysts and the Laboratory Supervisor or
the data reduction staff to verify that all instrument systems are in
control and that QA objectives for precision, accuracy, completeness, and
method detection limit are being met.
The principal criteria that will be used to validate the integrity of
data during collection and reporting are:
• Verifying, on a weekly basis, by the project analyst that all
raw data generated in the preceding week have been stored on
magnetic tape and on hard copy and that storage locations have
been documented in the laboratory records.
• Examining of all the data by the analytical QA coordinator to
verify adequacy of documentation and to confirm that peak shape,
resolution, and calculations of response factors of shift
standards match calibration curves.
• Confirming that raw areas for internal standards and calibration
standards and raw and relative areas for surrogate compounds are
within the expected values.
• Reporting of all associated blank, calibration standards, check
standards, and QC data (matrix spike, matrix spike duplicate,
etc.) with the.analytical results of each batch of samples.
• Reporting of all analytical data for samples with no values
rejected as outliers.
QC outlier data are defined as those QC data lying outside a specific
QC objective window for precision or accuracy for a given analytical
method (e.g., matrix spike data showing recoveries below 20 percent).
Should QC data be outside of the control limits, the Laboratory
Supervisor will investigate the cause of the problem, have the QC data
flagged with a data qualifier, and notify the Contractor Project Manager,
QA Officer, and EPA Project Manager. If the Contractor QA Officer in
conjunction with the Project Manager and the EPA Project Manager
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Page 3 of 5
determines that reanalysis is required, it will be performed. If
reanalysis corrects the problem, then only the reanalysis results will be
reported. If both initial analysis and reanalysis results indicate that
a matrix problem exists, both results will be reported, and the results
will be qualified in the final data package. If reanalysis is not
feasible, the initial analysis results will be reported and qualified in
the laboratory's final data package.
Project outlier data are defined as analytical results that are
outside specified acceptance limits established for the data quality
indicators (e.g., data points with detection limits above 1 ppm) or that
are associated with QC outlier data. Project outlier data will be
flagged or otherwise identified in the laboratory"s final data package.
8.3 Reporting
All results will be reported to the EPA Project Manager and the
Contract Manager or their designees by sample batch and will be certified
by the laboratory.
All reports and documentation required, including chromatograms and
mass spectra, calibration records, and QC results, will be-clearly
labeled with the laboratory sample number and associated field sample
number.
A flow chart depicting the overall data handling and reporting scheme
is provided in Figure 8-1.
Analytical data will be reported on an "as-received" basis.
Analytical results will be given in standard units, as specified by the
analytical methods. If reporting units are not specified in the methods,
data from the analysis will be reported in Mg/1 for all liquid
samples and in mg/kg on an as-received basis for soils and other solid
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Sample Receipt
Contaminated Soil and Debris QAPjP
Section No.: 8
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 4 of 5
Sample Preparation
Sample Analysis
Data Acquisition
and Reduction
Raw Data Analysis
by Lab Analysts
Data Approved
Data Approved
Final Data Review by
Project Manager
and QA Manager
Data Approved
Report Preparation
Final Report Review
by Project Manager
fleport Approved
1
Anajyticai/QC Data Review
by Laboratory Supervisor
Results
Unacceptable
Review Data.
Reanalyze Where
indicated
Results
Unacceptaoie
Review Data. Take
Corrective Action
Reanalyze Where Inoicated
Report
Unacceptable
Review Report, Take
Corrective Action, "
Reanalyze Where Indicated
Release Report
Figure 8-1 Data Reduction, Validation, and Reporting Scheme
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Section No.: 8
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 5 of 5
matrices. In addition to the analytical results and QC data, details
regarding the corrective actions taken and a discussion of any necessary
modifications of the protocols established in the referenced methods will
be included in the final data report.
The final data package submitted by the analytical laboratory must
include a summary of the analytical results for each sample as well as
all reports and documentation generated as required by the analytical
methods (e.g., chromatograms, extraction notes, and chain of custody
forms). Note that a full CLP type package would be an acceptable data
package.
When the analytical data reports are received-from the laboratory,
the Contractor Project Manager, QA Officer, and engineering staff will
review the data and incorporate the data into the characterization report/
onsite engineering report (OER). The characterization report/OER will be
reviewed by the contractor's principal engineer designated for the
project, the QA Officer, and the Project Manager prior to the report's
submittal to EPA. The report will then be reviewed by the EPA Project
Manager, his/her designated QA Officer, and the principal CS&D Work Group
members.
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Section No.: 9
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 1 of 7
9.0 INTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL CHECKS AND FREQUENCY
The overall effectiveness of a quality control program depends upon
operating in the field and laboratory in accordance with a program that
systematically ensures the precision and accuracy of analyses by
detecting errors and preventing their recurrence or measuring the degree
of error inherent in the methods applied.
The routine internal quality control program of the analytical
laboratory will include daily calibration of instruments using certified
standards. Glassware will be checked for cleanliness and for detergent
removal prior to each analysis run. Pesticide quality solvents will be
used for trace organic applications. Each lot of'solvent will be checked
to ensure its suitability for the intended analysis. The highest
commercially available purity standards should be used for calibration.
The analytical methods to be used and the analytical laboratory's
QA/QC plan give guidelines for number and frequency of replicate and
spiked QC samples and calibration standards to be used in the project,
including the identity and concentration of surrogate spike compounds to
be added to each designated sample.
The blank, analytical replicate, and spiked quality control samples
will be analyzed in the same way as field samples and will be
interspersed with the field samples. The analytical results of these
samples will be used to document the validity and control the quality of
data within predetermined tolerance limits.
The following internal analytical laboratory quality control
measures, where appropriate, will be taken to ensure a high degree of
precision and accuracy:
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Date: April 30, 1990
Page 2 of 7
Method blank: A minimum of one method blank will be prepared
per set of samples of similar matrix collected during the same
sampling episode or a set of 20 samples of similar matrix,
whichever is smaller.
Spikes: A matrix spike analysis will be performed for
characterization samples taken during engineering
site/characterization sampling visits. A matrix spike and matrix
spike duplicate analysis will be performed on at least one sample
of the untreated soil and of each treatment residual taken during
a treatment test. The SAPs should specify which samples are to be
spiked and identify the spiking components. Samples should be
spiked with constituents of interest expected to be present in the
untreated matrices. If sufficient data are not available to
identify specific constituents in the untreated matrices, the list
of compounds in Table 9-1 should be used.
Internal standards: Internal standards will be used where
feasible to monitor for the consistency of'GC/MS response factors
and relative response times. The internal standards projected to
be used are specified in the methods, e.g., Methods 8240 and
8270. Table 9-2 lists the internal standards for SW-846 Third
Edition Methods 8240 and 8270. If the internal standards are not
specified in the analytical method, they should be specified in
the site-specific SAP.
Calibration standards: Calibration standards will be prepared
in accordance with the specifications provided in the methods.
Calibration standards will be analyzed at a frequency specified in
the methods.
Reagent blanks: Periodic checks of reagents will be made
whenever new lots of critical reagents are used or where potential
contamination is of concern.
Surrogates: For GC/MS and GC methods, surrogates (i.e.,
chemically inert compounds not expected to occur in an
environmental sample) will be spiked into each sample to provide
matrix recovery values. Table 9-2 lists the recommended
surrogates for SW-846 Third Edition Methods 8240 and 8270. The
recommended surrogates for SW-846 Third Edition Method 8080 are
dibutylchlorendate (DBC) and 2,4,5,6- tetrachloro-meta-xylene
(TCMX). Surrogates to be used for other analytical methods will
be selected based on the analytes to be measured.
PC check standards: For the metal analytes, a QC check standard
will be analyzed with each batch of samples. This standard is
prepared by spiking laboratory pure water with a stock solution of
the analyte that was obtained from a source independent of the
source used to obtain standards for the calibration curve.
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Section No.: 9
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 3 of 7
Table 9-1 List of Recommended Analytes For
Preparing Matrix Spikes
Aluminum
Antimony
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium
Cadmium
Calcium
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
Iron
Lead
Metals
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury
Nickel
Potassium
Selenium
Silver
Sodium
Thallium
Vanadium
Zinc
Volatile Oreanics
1,1-Dichloroethene
Trichloroethene
Chlorobenzene
Toluene
Benzene
Semivolatile Oreanics
Base-Neutrals
1,2,4-Trichlbrobenzene
Acenaphthene
2,4-Dinitrotoluene
Pyrene
N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine
1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Acid Extractables
Pentachloropheno1
Phenol
2-Chlorophenol
4-Chloro-3-methyl phenol
4-Nitrophenol
Oreanochlorine Pesticides
Lindane
Heptachlor
Aldrin
Dieldrin
Endrin
4,4' DDT
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Section No.: 9
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 4 of 7
Table 9-2 List of Recommended Internal Standards, Surrogates,
Calibration Check Standards, and System
Performance Standards for Analysis
of Organic Compounds By
SW-846 Methods 8240 and 8270
Internal Standards
Method 8240 Method 8270
Bromochloromethane l,4-Dichlorobenzene-d4
1,4-Difluorobenzene Napthalene-d8
Chlorobenzene Acenaphthalene-dlO
Phenanthrene-dlO
Chrysene-dl2
Perylene-dl2
Surrogates
Method 8240 Method 8270
Toluene-d8 Nitrobenzene-d5
Bromofluorobenzene 2-Fluorobiphenyl
1,2-Dichloroethane-d4 Terphenyl-d!4
Phenol-d5
2-Fluorophenol
2,4,6-Tribromophenol
Calibration Check Standards
Method 8240 Method 8270
1,1-Dichloroethene Acenaphthene
Chloroform 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
1,2-Dichloropropane Hexachlorobutadiene
Toluene N-nitrosodiphenylamine
Ethyl benzene Benzo(a)pyrene
Vinyl chloride 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol
2,4-Dichlorophenol
2-Nitrophenol
Phenol
Pentachlorophenol
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
Fluoranthene
Di-n-octyl phthalate
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Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 5 of 7
Table 9-2 (continued)
System Performance Check Compounds
Method 8240 Method 8270
Chloromethane
1,1-Dichloroethane
Bromoform
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Chlorobenzene
N-nitrosodi-n-propylamine
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
2,4-dinitrophenol
4-Nitrophenol
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Laboratory pure water: Laboratory water will be prepared by
particulate filtration, carbon filtration, reverse osmosis, and
deionization, or by an equivalent procedure.
Calibration rheck samples: For GC/MS analysis, calibration
check samples will be prepared and analyzed as specified in the
appropriate methods. Table 9-2 lists the calibration check
samples for SW-846 Third Edition Methods 8240 and 8270.
System performance check compounds: for GC/MS analysis, system
performance check samples will be prepared and analyzed as
specified in the appropriate methods (e.g., SW-846 Methods 8240
and 8270). Table 9-2 lists the specific compounds for SW-846
Third Edition Methods 8240 and 8270.
Quality control checks to be taken during field activities will
include calibration of any field monitoring equipment as well as
collection of the blanks discussed below.
• Equipment blanks: One equipment blank per site visit per type
of equipment to be decontaminated or per decontamination procedure
to be used will be collected if field equipment is to be
decontaminated and reused. At a minimum, one equipment blank per
sampling episode for a treatment test must be collected and
analyzed even if all field equipment is new. This equipment blank
will be used to determine whether the glassware or other field
equipment was a source of contamination. The equipment blank will
be prepared in most cases by rinsing the equipment with laboratory
pure water and,collecting the rinsate in a sample container. If
field decontamination procedures are to be used, they must be
documented in the characterization and/or treatment test SAP. The
number of equipment blanks to be analyzed and the parameters for
which they are to be analyzed must be specified in the
site-specific SAP.
• Trip blanks: One trip blank that is not opened in the field
will be taken. This blank will be used to determine whether any
contamination resulted from sample transport, shipping, or site
conditions. The parameters for which the trip blank is to be
analyzed must be specified in the appropriate site-specific SAP.
The trip blank will be prepared by pouring laboratory pure water
(as defined in SW-846) into the sample container. The blanks will
then be packed and shipped with the sample containers throughout
the entire process. (Laboratory pure water, as defined in SW-846,
is distilled or deionized water or Type II reagent water that is
free of contaminants that may interfere with the analytical
test.)
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Date: April 30, 1990
Page 7 of 7
Field blanks: Field blanks for volatile organics will be taken
only at sites where samples for analysis of volatile organics are
collected. These blanks will be analyzed solely for volatile
organics. Each blank will consist of laboratory pure water taken
to the field and poured into a sample container in the area where
the treatment system is located or where the most contaminated
soil that meets the objectives of the treatment test is located.
The number of field blanks for volatile organics to be taken must
be specified in the appropriate SAP.
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Section No.: 10
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 1 of 2
10.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE PERFORMANCE AUDITS AND SYSTEMS AUDITS
10.1 Performance Audits
The laboratories selected to analyze the samples collected for the
CS&D project must provide information on any performance samples analyzed
during the past 2 years that are applicable to the project and
information on any certifications that they have obtained for handling
samples of similar matrices. Analysis of performance samples,
specifically for the CS&D project, will not be required.
10.2 Systems Audits
<
Systems audits will be conducted on sampling/analysis at the
discretion of the EPA Project Manager and the EPA QA Officer. The EPA QA
Officer will be notified by the EPA Project Manager of any audits to be
conducted.
In addition, the laboratory's standard operating procedures (SOPs)
for record keeping may be requested for review by EPA Project Manager or
his/her designee. If possible, either EPA or the contractor will audit
the laboratory or field operations to determine whether proper record-
keeping procedures are used and maintained.
As appropriate, the audits will consist of all or any of the
following items:
• Review of the organization and responsibilities to determine the
functional operation of the quality assurance program;
• Check on whether standard operating procedures are available and
implemented as written;
• Assessment of traceability of samples and data;
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2 of 2
• Validation that the appropriate QC checks are being made and
that appropriate documentation is maintained;
• Determination of whether the specified equipment is available,
calibrated, and in proper working condition;
• Assurance that record-keeping procedures, including notebooks,
logsheets, bench sheets, and tracking forms, are properly
maintained;
• Verification that the appropriate chain of command is followed
in responding to variances and implementing corrective action;
• Review of data validation package for one site sampled;
• Issuance of blind QC samples to the analytical laboratory for
analysis of specified critical parameters; and
• Preparation of a QA report that includes the results of the
blind QC samples and the associated calibration and control charts
(if appropriate) and delivery of the report to the EPA Project
Manager and EPA QA Officer.
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Section No.: 11
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 1 of 1
11.0 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
11.1 Field Preventive Maintenance
All field equipment will be maintained following procedures outlined
by the manufacturer. Prior to a sampling project, the field equipment to
be used will be inspected and calibrated to ensure that it is working
properly. Spare parts will be available and will be taken on the
sampling trip if appropriate. Following its use, it will be
decontaminated using the appropriate cleaning procedures required for the
project.
11 . 2 Laboratory Preventive Maintenance
All laboratory instrumentation will be maintained following
procedures outlined by the instrument manufacturers. Instrument
maintenance logbooks will be kept with each instrument and will be
updated by the operator whenever either routine or nonroutine maintenance
procedures are performed.
Laboratory personnel will be responsible for the daily recording of
refrigerator and freezer temperatures and the calibration of a variety of
equipment including, but not limited to, pH meters, balances, mercury
thermometers, and electronic thermocouples. Scheduled periodic
measurements will be performed (and documentation prepared) for oven and
incubator temperatures and fume hood air flow rates. Expendable
materials will be replaced at recommended intervals. Some of these items
include vacuum pump oil and air filters on instrumentation cooled by
forced air supplies . Cleaning and lubrication of serviceable parts will
also be performed following specific guidelines established by the
instrument manufacturers.
Spare parts or backup equipment will be maintained.
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Section No.: 12
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 1 of 3
12.0 CORRECTIVE ACTION
12.1 General Procedures
Corrective actions will be taken upon identification of any problems
with the project that affect product quality. The Contractor Project
Manager ot his/her designee will be responsible for identifying the
causes of the problems and developing a solution. The root cause(s) of
the problem will first be determined. Then the effects of the problem on
the program will be identified for subsequent analysis of the
effectiveness of the corrective action. The Contractor Project Manager,
in conjunction with the Contractor QA Officer and appropriate supervisor
(e.g., laboratory coordinator) and, if necessary, 'the EPA Project
Manager, will develop a plausible corrective action. The effects of the
action will be tested to determine whether the action eliminates the
problem and associated concerns.
After the success of the corrective action has been proved to be
likely, the Contractor Project Manager, QA Officer, or their designees
are responsible for documenting and implementing all corrective actions.
They will write a Corrective Action Memorandum that documents the problem
and then describes the corrective action that will be implemented, as
well as the expected results of implementation. A copy of the memorandum
will be sent to the EPA Project Manager. The Contractor Project Manager
or his/her designee will assess the effectiveness of the corrective
action after implementation is complete. Copies of the Corrective Action
Memorandum will be sent to the EPA Project Manager and to all personnel
who would be affected by the corrective action.
12.2 Performance/Systems Audits
Data generated for the CS&D Program will be reviewed by the
Contractor QA Officer and the appropriate technical staff to ensure the
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Section No.: 12
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 2 of 3
absence of systematic bias or trends and to ensure that appropriate
corrective actions are taken.
Field .activities performed by the contractor sampling team will be
audited by a third party representative designated by EPA at the
discretion of the EPA Project Manager to ensure that required equipment
and procedures for sample collection, preservation, shipping, handling,
and documentation are used.
The need for field or laboratory audits and the frequency of such
audits will be specified in the sampling and analysis plan.
12.3 Data Outside Control Limits
If at any time the data fall outside previously designated limits,
the following actions will be taken:
• If a field/laboratory person observes that instruments are not
within calibration limits, the instruments will be recalibrated;
samples will be reanalyzed once an acceptable calibration has been
obtained.
• If the field/laboratory person or engineering staff observes
data problems (for example, if results for specific QC analysis
are outside the QC limits). he/she will immediately notify the
Contractor QA Officer.
• If the Contractor QA Officer discovers data problems or is
notified of a problem, he/she will decide on the severity of the
problem and take the appropriate action:
Minimal data problems: Minimal data problems are defined as
problems that occur but will have no impact on the project's data
quality objective; e.g., the chain of custody sheets were
initialed and not signed. The corrective action taken will be
documented.
Moderate data problems: Moderate data problems are defined as
problems having an impact on the data quality objective but data
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Section No.: 12
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 3 of 3
are still valid; e.g., detection limits for a few of the analytes
were between 1 ppn and 2 ppm, and the EPA Project Manager was not
contacted. A problem memorandum will be prepared and sent to the
Contractor Project Manager; a decision on the appropriate action
will then be made.
Severe data problems: Severe data problems are defined as
problems having an impact on the data quality objective and
potentially invalidating the data, e.g., samples were run after
the holding times had expired. A problem memorandum will be
prepared and sent to the EPA Project Manager, initiating
corrective action procedures.
12.4 Data Problems
The Contractor Project Manager will investigate the problem and will
be responsible for ensuring that one or more of th'e following actions are
taken:
If the problem is minimal and occurred in-house, the appropriate
person, e.g., lead engineer or laboratory coordinator, will
correct the problem and prepare a Corrective Action Memorandum.
If the problem is limited in scope and easily corrected, the
appropriate person, in concert with the Contractor Project
Manager, will make the corrections and prepare a Corrective Action
Memorandum.
If the problem is judged by the field sampling staff, laboratory
coordinator, or Contractor Project Manager to be significant,
corrective actions will be initiated as described in Section 12.1.
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Section No.: 13
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
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13.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE REPORTS TO MANAGEMENT
The Contractor Project Manager, in conjunction with the Contractor QA
Officer, will identify critical areas of the project that will be subject
to inspection. These inspections will be performed by qualified staff
members who are not performing or supervising the activity. In addition,
the principal CS&D Work Group members may request auditing and/or review
of the field activities, laboratory activities, or analytical data to be
completed by their designated QA Officers. The areas inspected may
include the following:
Staff qualifications
Equipment maintenance records
Equipment calibration records
Protocol adherence
Documentation practices
Sample traceability and control
Data traceability and document control
Record-keeping practices
Review and validation practices
Computation practices
QC data and practices
QC compliance.
The results of inspections, audits, summaries of problems, and
corrective action requests will be reported to EPA as they are available
or as they are specified in the site-specific sampling and analysis plans.
Reports for the CS&D Program, e.g., characterization reports and
OERs, will include a separate QA section that documents the QA/QC
activities that lend support to the credibility of the data and the
validity of the conclusions.
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The QA section will include the following items, as appropriate:
• Changes to procedures outlined in this QA Project Plan;
• Limitations or constraints on the applicability of the data;
• The status of QA/QC programs, accomplishments, and corrective
actions;
• Results of technical systems and/or performance evaluation QC
audits; and
• Assessments of data quality in terms of precision, accuracy.
completeness, method detection limit, representativeness, and
c omparab i1i ty.
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Section No.: 14
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30, 1990
Page 1 of 1
14.0 REFERENCES
APHA, AWWA, and WPCF. 1985. American Public Health Association,
American Water Works Association, and Water Pollution Control
Federation. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and
Wastewater. 16th ed. Washington, D.C.: American Public Health
Association.
USEPA. 1980. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Monitoring
Systems and Quality Assurance, Office of Research and Development.
Interim Guidelines and Specifications for Preparing Quality Assurance
Project Plans. QAMS-005/80. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency.
USEPA. 1983. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental
Monitoring and Support Laboratory. Methods for Chemical Analysis of
Water and Wastes. EPA-600/4-79-020. Cincinnati, Ohio: U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency.
USEPA. 1986. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of
Solid Waste. Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste. SW-846. 3rd
ed. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
USEPA. 1988a. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid
Waste. Proposed guidance manual: BOAT Interim Guidance for the
Treatment of Contaminated Soil at CERCLA and RCRA Corrective Action
Sites. Final draft, revision no. 8, July 28, 1988. Washington, D.C.:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
USEPA. 1988b. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental
Monitoring Systems Laboratory. Quality Assurance Materials Bank:
Analytical Reference Standards. 7th ed. SP-4440-86-77. Las Vegas:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
USEPA. 1989. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research
and Development, Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. Guide for
Conducting Treatabilitv Studies Under CERCLA. Interim final draft
prepared by FEI Associates under Contract No. 68-03-3413. Cincinnati:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
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Section No.: Appendix A
Revision No.: 2
Date: April 30. 1990
Page 1 of 13
APPENDIX A
EPA REPORTS FOR CS&D DATA COLLECTION
Four basic report types will be generated for the CS&D data
collection efforts. These are as follows:
• Characterization sampling and analyses plans;
• Characterization reports;
• Treatment test sampling and analysis plans; and
• Onsite engineering reports.
A site-specific characterization sampling and analysis plan (SAP)
will be developed whenever characterization samples are to be taken at a
site during a characterization sampling visit. The ensuing
characterization report will document events of the visit and provide
results from analyses of samples. A treatment test SAP will be produced
prior to each treatment test; the onsite engineering report (OER) will
document all events of the treatment test and provide results from
analyses of samples.
Checklists for the report types are presented on the following pages.
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CHECKLIST FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN (SAP)
A. Title Page
• Include title (e.g., Sampling and Analysis Plan for Soil
Characterization at the XYZ Site in Montgomery, Ohio), EPA Project
Manager name, EPA office name and address, and date.
B. Approval Page
• In left column, list name and title of the EPA Project Manager,
EPA Quality Assurance Officer, and Contractor Project Manager. In
right column, provide lines for signatures and dates.
C. Introductory Pages
• Provide a table of contents, list of tables, and list of figures.
D. Section 1: Introduction
• Provide -a short introduction on the CS&D Program.
• Describe the relationship of the sampling and analysis effort
with the overall CS&D Program, and state the objective of the
characterization SAP, e.g., "The CS&D Program is planning to
conduct a treatment test using low temperature thermal desorption
on contaminated soil from the XYZ site. To ascertain that
contaminants in.the soil are present at sufficiently high
concentrations to justify the treatment test, EPA will collect and
analyze a soil sample from the site. This sampling and analysis
plan outlines all activities to be undertaken during this
characterization sampling visit."
• Identify the site of interest, its location, and name, address,
and telephone number of the Remedial Project Manager or other
contact.
• Introduce sections of the SAP to follow.
E. Section 2: Project Organization
• Provide an organizational chart similar to that shown in
Figure 2-2 of the QAPjP, identifying the individuals filling the
positions by name.
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• Provide addresses and phone numbers of key individuals.
• Summarize the responsibilities of the various positions.
F. Section 3: Site Information
• Provide a brief description of the site.
• Prpvide a summary of data collected from the pre-site visit
investigation, including analytical data obtained from the RI/FS,
ROD, treatability studies, and phone conversations.
G. Section 4: Sampling and Analysis Activities
• Provide a schedule for the sampling visit.
• Describe the area(s) to be sampled (sampling points) at the site
and/or detail the criteria for determining this area. Specify any
monitoring equipment to be used. (Note that any existing
characterization data used in selecting this area should have been
presented in Section 3 of the SAP.)
• Describe the proposed sample collection methods, being as
specific as possible. (See Section 4.1 and 4.6 of the QAPjP for
further details.)
• State the number of samples to be collected in each area of
interest at the site. Note that in most cases only one composite
sample (of six subsamples) will be collected at a site.
• Provide a list of parameters to be analyzed on the soil or its
TCLP extract and the methods to be used for the analyses. (Note
that all analyzeable CS&D list constituents and parameters on
Table 3-3 should appear on the list of parameters to be analyzed
unless available data indicate that particular analyses are not
necessary. The SAP must specify why any of the analyses are not
necessary.)
• Provide information on sample aliquot containerization,
preservation, and holding times.
H. Section 5: Site-Specific Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC)
Procedures
• Detail field QA/QC activities such as calibration of field
monitoring equipment and decontamination disposal of field
sampling equipment.
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Specify the sample aliquots upon which matrix spike analyses are
to be completed and specify the spike constituents and their
concentration levels.
Specify the number of trip, field, or equipment blanks to be
collected and the procedures to be used. Also, specify the
analyses/methods to be performed on the blanks. (Note that in
most cases, blanks will be marked hold for analysis.)
I. Section 6: Sample Custody and Transport
• Provide a description of sample custody procedures.
• Provide information on sample packaging and shipment. Include
information on DOT regulations for the specific shipping category
and any other shipping requirements of the selected carrier.
Identify the selected carrier and the address of the local
shipping station. Identify the laboratory/address to where the
samples are being sent and a contact person at the laboratory.
J. Section 7: Health and Safety
• Prpvide a summary of health and safety procedures to be followed
during the characterization visit. Use the existing health and
safety plan for the site if one is available.
K. Section 8: References
• Provide a list of all pertinent references.
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CHECKLIST FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION REPORT
A. Title Page
• Include title, EPA Project Manager name, EPA office name and
address, and date.
B. Introductory Pages
• Provide table of contents, list of tables, and list of figures.
C. Section 1: Introduction
• Provide a short introduction on the CS&D Program.
• Describe the relationship of the sampling and analysis effort
under evaluation with the overall CS&D Program and state the
objective of the characterization report, referring to the SAP
(which will be presented as an appendix to the characterization
report).
• In tabular form, present the following:
- Name and address of visited site;
- Date of sampling visit;
- Contact person at the site and, if possible, phone number; and
- Names of EPA and contractor personnel present during sampling
visit.
• Introduce portions of characterization report to follow.
D. Section 2: Description of Site
• Discuss the site in general, providing topographical maps or
schematic diagrams that indicate the points sampled to obtain the
six subsamples for the composited sample. Also provide
information obtained for any additional samples collected.
Background information on the site not already presented in the
SAP should be presented. Any actual problems with sample
collection at the site should also be discussed as well as any
potential problems that could occur during the excavation/sampling
required for the treatment test.
• Describe sampled matrix. Give a physical description (e.g.,
soil type) as well as a summary of analytical results.
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E. Section 3: Sampling and Analysis Activities
• Refer to the SAP.
• Present the actual schedule, documenting activities/events of
th6 sampling visit.
• Discuss deviations from the planned sampling and analysis
activities.
F. Section 4: Analytical Results
• Present tables of detection limits for all analyzed CS&D list
constituents and other parameters, if applicable.
• Present tables with concentration values for the detected
constituents and the results for other parameter analyses.
G. Section 5: Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) Data
• Summarize the collection, analytical preparation, and analysis
dates for each sample aliquot.
• List the CS&D list constituents and other parameters that were
analyzed for in each sample.
• Identify the analytical methods that were used. Identify a
reference for each method.
• Summarize any analytical problems. Document any deviations from
the methods. Also document any alternative or equivalent
procedures used to analyze the samples when SW-846 or other
methods allow for choices (e.g., GC/MS columns and setting). This
information is needed to enable the regulated community to
duplicate the analytical procedures.
• Provide an explanation for each detection limit exceeding 1 ppm
for targeted CS&D list constituents.
• Present precision and accuracy data of the analytical results,
e.g., any spike data. Also present data for instrument detection
limits, reagent blanks, and calibration procedures for laboratory
instruments.
• Present trip, field, and equipment blank results, if available.
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H. Section 6: References
I. Appendices
• Include the characterization SAP.
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CHECKLIST FOR THE TREATMENT TEST SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN (SAP)
A. Title Page
• Include title, EPA Project Manager name, EPA office name and
address, and date.
B. Approval Page
• In left column, list name and title of the EPA Project Manager,
EPA Quality Assurance Officer, and Contractor Project Manager. In
right column, provide lines for signatures and dates.
C. Introductory Pages
• Provide a table of contents, list of tables., arid list of figures.
D. Section 1: Introduction
• Provide a short introduction on the CS&D Program.
• Sta.te the objective of the treatment test (e.g., to obtain six
matched sets of untreated soil and treatment residual
concentration data as well as design/operating data, which can be
used to evaluate the performance of the treatment system).
• Describe the soil matrix to be tested. Provide a brief
description of the originating site (i.e., site from which the
soil is to be excavated) and a summary of pertinent -data collected
thus far in the investigation. Include summaries of pre-ROD and
ROD information, data from treatability studies, characterization
reports, and other reports.
• Identify the name, title, address, and telephone number of the
originating site's Remedial Project Manager or other contact.
• Describe the treatment system under evaluation.
• Outline the major events/activities related to the treatment
test and present a schedule.
E. Section 2: Project Organization
• Provide an organizational chart similar to that shown in
Figure 2-2 of the QAPjP, identifying the individuals filling the
positions by name.
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• Provide addresses and phone numbers of key individuals.
• Summarize the responsibilities of the various positions.
F. Section 3: Soil Excavation, Transport, and Pre-Test Handling Plan
• Identify area to be excavated, e.g., on a topographical map of
the originating site. Specify how the soil will be excavated, the
equipment to be used, the amount of soil to be excavated.
• Specify how the soil will be transported.
• Discuss pre-test preparation of the soil.
• Identify personnel/companies to be involved in the
excavation/transport/preparation, their roles, addresses, and
telephone numbers (if not presented already in Section 2 of the
treatment test SAP).
• Specify decontamination procedures for
excavation/transportation/preparation equipment and discuss how
decontamination water and disposable equipment will be handled.
G. Section 4: Treatment Test Sampling Activities
• Identify the sampling points for the treatment test, their
locations, the reasons for sampling these locations, the sample
collection methods, the number of samples to be collected, the
sampling freqencies, and the parameters to be analyzed for in each
sample. Provide a schematic diagram that indicates the location
of the sampling points.
• Provide information on sample containerization, preservation,
and holding times. Data should be provided by sample point.
Selection of quantity of sample to be collected should be
coordinated with the laboratory selected to do the analytical work
to ensure that sufficient sample volume is collected.
H. Section 5: Site-Specific Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC)
Procedures
• Identify site specific QA/QC procedures. This includes, but is
not limited to, use of field equipment, collection of field and
trip blanks, and calibration procedures required for any field
equipment. For each sampling point provide a summary of the
analysis to be performed, the QC samples to be analyzed and the
blanks to be collected. The constituents to be spiked and their
concentration levels should also be specified.
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I. Section 6: Design and Operating Data Collection
• Specify the design and operating data to be collected, why these
data are important, where and how they are to be collected, and at
what frequency.
J. Section'7: Sample Custody and Transport
• Provide a description of sample custody procedures.
• Provide information on sample packaging and shipment. Include
information on DOT regulations and any other shipping requirements
of the selected carrier. Identify the selected carrier and the
address of the local shipping station. Identify the
laboratory/address to where the samples are being sent and a
contact person at that laboratory.
K. Section 8: Health and Safety Plan
• Include a health and safety plan. See Section 4.7 of the QAPjP
for minimum requirements.
L. Section 9: References
• Provide a list of all pertinent references.
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CHECKLIST FOR THE ONSITE ENGINEERING REPORT
A. Title Page
• Include title, EPA Project Manager name, EPA office name and
address, and date.
B. Introductory Pages
• Provide a table of contents, list of tables, and list of figures.
C. Section 1: Introduction
• Provide an overview of CS&D Program and describe its
relationship with the treatment test under evaluation.
• State the objective of the OER, making reference to the
treatment test SAP (which will be presented as an appendix to the
OER).
• In tabular form present the following:
- Name and address of treatment test site;
- Site contact name, title, address, and telephone number;
- Date(s) of treatment test;
- Names and roles of EPA and contractor personnel present during
treatment test and, if not included already, the person
responsible for the preparation of the OER: and
- Name, address; and phone number of the laboratory coordinator.
• Introduce the sections of the OER to follow.
D. Section 2: CS&D Matrix under Evaluation
• Provide a description of the site from which the soil was
excavated. Include information on the industry, past/present
industrial processes, and RCRA wastes present at the site, if any.
• Describe the actual area of excavation at the site. Include
information on soil type and summarize the analytical data for the
excavated soil, i.e., the untreated matrix.
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• In tabular form present the following:
- Name and address of site from which soil was excavated.
- Excavation location at the site
- Remedial Project Manager or other contact name, title, address,
and telephone number;
- Date of excavation
- Names and roles of EPA, contractor, and other personnel present
during the excavation
- Name, address, contact, and telephone number of transport
company.
E. Section 3: Treatment System under Evaluation
• Describe the treatment system under evaluation; include
information on materials of construction, design parameters, and
the operating control system.
• Describe the set up for the treatment test.
• Provide a process diagram showing all treatment operations and
locations for obtaining operating data and samples.
F. Section 4: Sampling and Analysis Activities
• Present a summary schedule of the treatment test events/
activities.
• Refer to the SAP.
• Discuss any deviations from the planning sampling and analysis
activities.
G. Section 5: Design and Operating Data Collection
• Present the design and operating data collected during the
treatment test. Explain why various data were collected. Include
observations made during the test that may assist in determining
whether the treatment system was well operated.
H. Section 6: Analytical Results
• Provide tables showing detection limits for each constituent in
each sample. (These tables could also go into an appendix.)
• Provide tables showing results for detected constituents and
other analyses that were completed.
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I. Section 7: Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) Measures
• Summarize the collection, analytical preparation, and analysis
dates for each sample aliquot.
• Summarize the CS&D list constituents and other parameters that
were analyzed for in each sample of untreated soil and treatment
residual.
• Identify the analytical methods that were used for each sample
type. Identify a reference for each method.
• Summarize any analytical problems. Document any deviations from
the methods. Also document any alternative or equivalent
procedures used to analyze the samples when SW-846 or other
methods allow for choices (e.g., GC/MS columns and setting). This
information will enable the regulated community to duplicate the
analytical procedures.
• Provide an explanation for each detection limit exceeding 1 ppm
for targeted CS&D list constituents.
• Present precision and accuracy data of the analytical results,
e.g., any spike data. Also present data for instrument detection
limits, reagent blanks, and calibration procedures for laboratory
instrument.
• Present trip, field, and equipment blank results.
J. Section 8: Correspondence
• Provide copies, of critical correspondence with excavation site,
treatment test site, and treatment vendor personnel.
K. Section 9: References
L. Section 10: Appendices
• Include the treatment test SAP.
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