EPA-450/3-75-085
September 1975
COST DATA - VAPOR
RECOVERY SYSTEMS
AT SERVICE STATIONS
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
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EPA-450/3-75-085
COST DATA - VAPOR
RECOVERY SYSTEMS
AT SERVICE STATIONS
by
Robert J. Bryan and Robert Norton
Pacific Environmental Services, Inc.
1930 14th Street
Santa Monica, California 90404
Contract No. 68-02-1405
Task Order No. 2
EPA Project Officer: Edwin J. Vincent
Prepared for
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air and Waste Management
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
September 1975
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This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to report
technical data of interest to a limited number of readers. Copies are
available free of charge to Federal employees, current contractors and
grantees, and nonprofit organizations - as supplies permit - from the
Air Pollution Technical Information Center, Environmental Protection
Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; or, for a fee,
from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road,
Springfield, Virginia 22161.
This report was furnished to the Environmental Protection Agency by
Pacific Environmental Services, Inc. , Santa Monica, California 90404,
in fulfillment of Contract No. 68-02-1405, Task Order No. 2. The contents
of this report are reproduced herein as received from Pacific Environ-
mental Services, Inc. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed
are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Environmental
Protection Agency. Mention of company or product names is not to be
considered as an endorsement by the Environmental Protection Agency.
Publication No. EPA-450/3-75-085
11
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COST DATA - VAPOR RECOVERY SYSTEMS AT SERVICE STATIONS
SUMMARY
As part of Task Order No. 2, Contract No, 68-02-1405, Pacific
Environmental Services, Inc. (PES) conducted a survey of costs
associated with the installations of vapor recovery systems at ser-
vice stations. Data were obtained on a voluntary basis from contrac-
tors, purchasers of systems, governmental agencies, and an engineering
design firm.
Systems included in the survey covered a broad range of service
stations ranging from small captive facilities, through regular retail
locations, to very large PX facilities on military bases. In the case
of vacuum assist recovery systems, vapor processing units from all four
of the current principal suppliers of such equipment were covered.
Cost data are provided for each source of information. The
detail of these data vary widely ranging from two categories - (1) cost
of unit, and (2) installation to as many as 12 categories of costs.
The data are summarized according to basic type - (1) vacuum assist,
and (2) vapor balance, with a further breakdown by number of pumps.
For each major category of recovery system, there was found to be
a fairly wide spread of costs within each station size grouping.
Notwithstanding this spread, a consistent increase in costs with size
was noted. In part, these cost variations within similar size ranges
result from site differences such as length of piping runs required
and soil type and in part to lack of uniformity in cost elements in-
cluded in the estimates.
In general the costs of vacuum assist systems appears to be
approximately twice those for vapor balance systems.
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DISCUSSION
The initial effort in the collection of cost data was to make
direct inquiries of station operators or managers either to obtain
the information directly or to determine an alternate source of in-
formation. Some data were obtained in this manner but figures were
largely quoted verbally from memory and were thought not to be too
accurate. Subsequently inquiries were made to a number of other
sources of cost data. These included installation contractors, San
Diego County Air Pollution Control District, San Diego County Assessor,
a design engineering firm, and several purchasers of equipment such
as convenience food chains, department stores, major oil companies, and
the U.S. Navy.
Most of the data obtained covered specific locations, although
some average cost information was supplied by contractors. In one
case, costs supplied on vapor balance systems were averaged over 33
actual installations. Data supplied by Mr. H. Ernest Schnepf,
Valuation Estimator, San Diego County Assessor, deserves special
attention. First, they have legal standing to obtain information,
secondly they are interested only in value added, not in total costs.
Therefore, such items as concrete breakout and resurfacing would not
be included for assessment purposes. However, total costs were ob-
tained during a survey conducted by them. Although information on
individual sources cannot be disclosed by the Assessor because of con-
fidentiality restrictions, Mr. Schnepf did state that their information
indicated that typical vacuum assist system costs were approximately
double those for balance systems.
Detail on costs varied widely with the least amount of informa-
tion being supplied on small captive units. In some cases only two
categories (1) installation and (2) equipment were supplied while in
the case of systems supplied to the U.S. Navy, twelve sub-categories
of costs were supplied. We have prepared a list of possible cost
categories which might be considered for use in any future work. This
list follows:
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Architectural and Engineering Services
Design and drafting
Inspection
Testing
Instruction
Service Manuals
Permit Fees
Site Work
Earthwork (saw cutting, trenching,
backfill, compacting, asphalt
patching)
Piping
Electrical
Painting
Concrete Work
Installation (vapor recovery unit,
blowers, ITT valves, PV vent etc.)
Security enclosures
Miscellaneous (temporary barricades,
cleanup, insurance, security)
Equipment
Vapor Recovery Unit (delivered at site)
Nozzles and hoses
Swivels
Regulating valves (e.g. ITT)
Flame arresters
Blowers'
Return adapters and caps
Manhole frames and covers
Fill pipe adapters
PV vent
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There are a number of location and size factors which can
affect the cost of either a vapor balance or a vacuum assist recovery
system. These include physical size of site, separation of pump
islands, distance to vapor recovery unit location, amount of concrete
removal, length of trenching, type of soil, and location problems
(such as necessity for roof location of vapor recovery equipment).
Size factors relate to number of pumps, whether double pumps are used,
and design gallonage volume. In case of the latter, short term (e.g.
1 hour) rates are more relevant than monthly rates. There is some
variation in cost as a function of the type of vapor recovery unit
selected (in the case of vacuum assist systems). There can be indirect
effects of the latter on piping and electrical costs.
Cost data is presented in the sections following. The first
section is a tabular listing of costs obtained for individual ser-
vice station locations. No data is included for military installations
because of the substantially greater amount of detail available for
these locations. The second section contains estimates made by
various sources as to the costs associated with secondary systems
according to number of pumps at the station. The third section is
similar to Section II except that the estimates are for vapor balance
systems. The fourth section covers bid costs and estimates made for
various locations at U.S. Naval and Marine Corps facilities.
The data presented here range from informed estimates of to
actual costs. They cover a time period of construction from 1971 to
the present. It is also obvious that some variation in practices of
reporting costs exists and that different construction standards pro-
bably have been used. These differences seem to be especially pro-
nounced when a comparison between civil and military costs is made.
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I, COST DATA BY SPECIFIC LOCATION
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COST DATA - SPECIFIC LOCATIONS
VACUUM ASSIST
COSTS
Name and
Location
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
GEMCO
30th & Highland,
Nat. City
DOORMANS
San Diego
UNION OIL CO.
Waring & Zion,
San Diego
FEDCO
54th & Euclid
San Diego
TWO GUYS
No.' 4th St.
Chula Vista
PEPSI COLA
Mission Valley
COCA COLA
I 15 & Hwy 94,
San Diego
PHILS CAVALIER CAR
WASH
Othello Ave:,
San Diego
STANDARD OIL
10587 Tierra
San Diego
STANDARD OIL
Friars & Frazee
Source of
Information
Stan Hatfield
DAGAS CORP.
Paul Nachant
(Contractor)
Paul Nachant
(Contractor)
Paul Nachant
(Contractor)
Paul Nachant
(Contractor)
Petroleum Con-
tractors
(Contractor)
Petroleum Con-
tractors
Petroleum Con-
tractors
C.R. Lupcho
C.R. Lupcho
Make of
Unit
Intermark
Environics
Vapox A 1500
Process Pro-
ducts
Process Pro-
ducts
Intermark
Environics
Environics
Environics
Clean Air
Process Pro-
ducts
Size and Vapor Recovery
Throughput Unit Nozzles Installation Total . Notes
16 nozzles 56,500 - $10,000 $16,500
212,500 gal/mo.
1 nozzle 2,000 $ 175 4,295 6,470
6 nozzles 3,750 660 4,300 8,710
25,100 gal /mo.
._ _
12 nozzles 6.2QO 1,320 6,250 13,770
12 nozzles 5,900 660 7,100 13,660
2 nozzles 4,295 350 2,200 6,845
2 nozzles 4,295 350 2,150 6,795
12 nozzles 4,295 2,220 4,200 10,715
6 nozzles 5,788 - 13,047 18,835 Nozzles,
hoses &
ITT valves
supplied
by
Standard
Oil
10 nozzles 5,722 1-325 9'868 16'762
36,000 gal/mo.
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COST DATA - SPECIFIC LOCATIONS (continued)
VACUUM ASSIST
COSTS
Name and
Location
1.1.
1.
2.
STANDARD OIL CO.
Clairmont & Clair-
mont Mesa Blvd.
STANDARD OIL CO.
Baltimore Dr. &
Lake Murray
San Diego
GULF OIL CO.
Source of
Information
C.R. Lupcho
Standard Oil
C.R. Lupcho
Standard Oil
Paul Nachant
Make of Size and Vapor Recovery
Unit Throughput Unit
Process Pro- 9 nozzles $5,810
ducts 44,700 gal /mo.
BALANCE SYSTEMS
10 nozzles
44,600 gal /mo.
6 nozzles
53,000 gal /mo.
.Nozzles Installation Total Notes
$1,192 $7,316 $14,318
1,325 6,954 8,279
774 5,800 6,574
I
ro
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II, ESTIMATES OF AVERAGE COSTS
OF
VACUUM ASSIST SYSTEMS
BY SOURCE OF INFORMATION
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SOURCE - DISTRICT LETTER TO WESTERN SERVICES
CONFIRMING ESTIMATES'DATED JUNE 30, 1975
"\.^ No. Pumps
Item ^""""^
Installation
Electrical
Nozzle Kits
Unit (Avg)*
Total
2
$2,000
5,100
600
3,000
$6,100
6
$3,500
500
1,800
4,000
$9,800
10
$5,000
500
3,000
5,000
$13,500
Average Unit Cost comes from SDAPCD Report
SOURCE - LARRY LUHNOW - SOUTHLAND CORPORATION
FROM TELEPHONE CONVERSATION (714) 465-2101
7/17/75
^\No. Pumps
Item ^""--^
Installation
Unit
Accessories
Total
2
$3,400
2,889
344
$6,633
II-l
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SOURCE J.F. KEAVENY - MR. PAUL ARIANIS
FROM TELEPHONE CONVERSATION (714) 262-8611
8/12/75
~"---^ No. Pumps
I tern ^^-— _
Unit
Installation (For
134' of trenching,
saw cutting,
asphalt
patching, etc.
Electrical
Nozzles
ITT Valves
ITT Valves Inst.
Flame Arrest
Swivels
Return Hoses
Enclosure
Total
2
$2,970
4,000
400
170 (85 ea)
100 (50 ea)
200 (100 ea)
20 (10 ea)
26 (13 ea)
30 (15 ea)
$280-$850
$8,196-$8,766
4
$2,970
4,000
400
340 (85 ea)
200 (50 ea)
400 (100 ea)
40 (10 ea)
52 (13 ea)
60 (15 ea)
$280-$850
$8742-$9,312
SOURCE - RAY WEEKS - SAN DIEGO COUNTY
FROM REPORT DATED JULY 7, 1975
^\ No. Pumps
Item ""•-..
Installation
Unit
Total
6
$5,041
4,600
$9,641
II-2
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SOURCE - BOB HARRINGTON - FRED FIEDLER & ASSOCIATES
FROM TELEPHONE CONVERSATION (213) 381-7891
8/13/75
-^~^I\lo Pumps
I tern ---^^
Installation
Earth work
Electrical
Equipment and on
site inst.
Nozzles & Hoses
Total
6
$3,500
1,500
1,000
4,000
1,320
$11,320 j
SOURCE - JOHN E. CYRUS CO. - MR. JERRY ERBER
TELEPHONE CONVERSATION (714) 297-4113
8/12/75
^^-^^ No Pumps
Item ^^\
Installation
Labor
Material
Electrical
Nozzles
ITT Valve
ITT Valve
Inst.
Material
(Hoses,
Swivels,
F.A.)
Unit (Avg)
Enclosures
Total
2
$7,000*
4
$2,345
1,256
450
;$125 ea) 500
(50 ea) 200
[100 ea) 400
(35 ea) 140
3,000
$350-$! ,000
$8,651-$9,291
6
$3,394
1,538
450
750
300
600
210
3,000
$350-$! ,000
$10,592-$H,242
1974 price all others 1975 prices
II-3
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SUMMARY - VACUUM ASSIST SYSTEMS
~"^--^No. Pumps
Item ^~"^\^
Installation
Range
Avg.
; Electrical
Range
Avg.
Nozzles
Range
Avg.
Unit
Range
Avg.
Total Cost
Range
Avg.
1-4
$2,000-$4,850
$3,277
$400-$500
$438
$175-$!, 240
$587
$2,889-$4,295
$3,464
$6,100-$9,312
$7,733
6
$3,500-$! 3, 047
$6,327
$450-$! 000
$650
$660-$! ,800
$1,132
$3,000-$5,788
$4,190
$8,710-$18,835
$11,591
8-10
$5, 000- $9868
$7,395
$500
$1,192-$3,000
$1 ,839
$5,000-$5,810
$5,511
$13,500-$16,762
$14,860
12+
$4,295-$10,000
$6,848
$1,320-$2,220
$1,770
$4, 200- $6, 500
$5,633
$10, 71 5- $16, 500
$13,662
II-4
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Ill, ESTIMATES OF AVERAGE COSTS
OF
BALANCE SYSTEMS DATA BY SOURCE
OF INFORMATION
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Source of Data
1. Mr. Pacheco
Gulf Oil Co.
Tel.Con. 7/14/75
2. San Diego Co. APCD
Letter (6/30/75)
to Western Svcs.
Confirming estimates
provided to County
3. San Diego Co. APCD
Report by Ray Weeks,
dated 7/7/75
4. Nachant Construction
Tel.Con. 7/31/75
ESTIMATES OF AVERAGE COSTS
VAPOR BALANCE SYSTEMS
No. Pumps
9-12
6
10
6
Cost Data
Nozzles and Hoses
400
1,200
2,000
774
1,161
Installation Total
$6,000
$2,500
$4,150-$5,800
4,225
2,900
4,000 5,200
5,500 7,500
5,041
4,924-
6,574
5,386
III-l
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SUMMARY - BALANCE SYSTEMS
"--\^No. Pumps
Item \
Installation
Range
Avg.
Nozzles
Range
Avg.
Total Cost
Range
Avg.
2
$2,500
$400
$2,900
6
$4,000-$5,800
$4,710
$774-$! ,200
$966
$4,924-$6,574
$5,435
9-12
$4,225-$6,954
5,560
$1,161-$2,000
$1,495
$5,386-$8,279
$6,791
III-2
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IV, COSTS OF VAPOR RECOVERY SYSTEMS
AT
UNITED STATES
NAVAL AND MARINE CORPS FACILITIES
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VAPOR RECOVERY SYSTEMS AT NAVY, MARINE CORPS EXCHANGE
SERVICE STATIONS AND FUEL FARM AND TRANSFER FACILITIES
- SAN DIEGO BAY AREA, CALIFORNIA
1. Source of Information - Letter dated July 9, 1975 from
Resident Officer in Charge of Construction San Diego
Area and Cost Breakdown sheet for Contract N62474-74-C-4024.
Letter signed by Robert M. Manuel, Supv. Civil Engr.
Facilities Covered
Location
Nav. Air Sta.
Nav. Air Sta.
Nav. Air Sta.
Nav. Air Sta.
Nav. Air Sta.
Imp. Beach
Imp. Beach
Miramar
Miramar
Miramar
Type Facility
Svc. Sta.
Svc. Sta.
Svc. Sta.
Svc. Sta.
Fuel Transfer
Facility
Svc. Sta.
No. Pumps
6 dual
1 single
6 dual
8 dual
-
Throughput
(gal/mo)
350,000
18,000
667,000
300,000
50,000
8 dual
200,000
Nav. Amphib. Base
Coronado
Nav. Air Sta. No. Island
MCRD San Diego :
' Nav. Sta. San Diego
Nav. Sta. San Diego
Nav. Tng. Cntr.
Nav. Sub. Sup. Facil.
Cost Data - The successful bid was made by the Fritz A. Nachant,
Inc. Construction firm. The bid price covered all facilities
so that costs for any one installation cannot be determined from
the information supplied. Overall cost data is shown below for
the twelve facilities involved:
Svc.
Svc.
Svc.
Svc.
Svc.
Svc.
Sta.
Sta.
Sta.
Sta.
Sta.
Sta.
10
12
8
8
9
4
dual
dual
dual
dual
dual
dual
400,000
300,000
535, 000
400,000
650,000
80,000
IV-1
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Item
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Description
of Item
Vapor Collection
& Gas Mfg.
Excavation
Piping
Electrical
Backfill &
Compact
Concrete Patch
AC Patch
Bumper Posts
Quantities
No. of
Units
14
4200
9500
4800
4200
5000
5000
55
Unit
1
LF
LF
LF
LF
sqft
sqft
1
Material Cost
Unit
Cost
19500.
2.00
2.00
1.00
.20
.10
5.82
Cost
273,000.
19,000.
9,600.
4,200.
1,000.
500.
320.
307,620
Labor Cost
Unit
Cost
10.00
7.34
3.00
2.00
.80
.50
13.00
Cost
42,000.
69,730.
14,400
8,400.
4,000.
2,500.
715.
141,745
Total
Cost
$273,000.
42,000.
88,730.
24,000.
12,600.
5,000.
3,000.
1,035.
$449,365.00
B,
Even though there, are twelve facilities listed the bid break-
down shows fourteen vapor recovery units. Information from
Process Products, Inc. is that only twelve special units are
being supplied. Assuming the latter information to be correct,
the average cost for the twelve installations is $37,447.
ENGINEERING ESTIMATES BY THE.FRED FIEDLER AND ASSOCIATES
COMPANY
Fred Fiedler and Associates is an architectural and engineering
firm who supply design services to the U.S. Navy under contract.
Recently cost estimates were made for vapor recovery systems to be
installed at five Navy and Marine Corps service stations in Los Angeles
and Orange Counties. The number of hoses at each station is known but
gasoline throughput data are not given.
The cost estimates supplied have been summarized by location and
by expense category. The first tabulation gives the station location,
number of nozzles and estimated material, labor and total costs. The
second tabulation breaks down the total cost for all five locations
into a number of expense categories: These listings follow:
IV-2
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VAPOR RECOVERY SYSTEMS
NAVY AND MARINE CORPS SERVICE STATIONS
A. COSTS BY LOCATION
Cost Estimates
Location No
Bldg. 212 NAS Los
Alamitos
Bldg. 244 NAS Los
Alamitos
Bldg. 228 NWS Seal Beach
Bldg. 27 NWS Seal Beach
Bldg. H-91 Camp Pendletoh
Nozzles
1
20
2
6
2
B. COSTS BY EXPENSE CATEGORY
Category Material
General Requirements
Earthwork and Asphalt Paving
Concrete
Painting
Mechanical
Electrical
Equipment
Vapor Recovery Unit
Hoses & Nozzles
Other - Proportioning
Valves, flame
arresters, manljiole
covers, P-V verit
Equipment Total
$2,824
1,697
2,540
100
7,705
2,492
37,500
5,890
5,585
51,975
Material
$8,173
31 ,402
9,079
11,213
9,466
Costs
Labor
$5,550
8,764
6,040
1,000
18,815
5,974
1,700
930
4,290
6,920
Labor Total
$7,682 $15,855
17,010 48,412
9,695 18,774
9,845 21,058
8,831 18,207
Total
$8,374
10,461
8,580
1,100
26,520
8,466
39,200
6,820
12,875
58,895
Total
$69,333
$53,063
$122,396
IV-3
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-450/3-75-085
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSIOWNO.
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Cost Data - Vapor Recovery Systems at Service
Stations
5. REPORT DATE
September 1975
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
Robert J. Bryan
Robert Norton
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Pacific Environmental Services, Inc.
1930 14th Street
Santa Monica, California 90404
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-02-1405
Task Order No. 2
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
27711
Control Cost Study
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
Data are presented on the costs of installing vapor control systems at
gasoline service stations. Data were obtained on a voluntary basis from
contractors, purchasers of systems, governmental agencies, and an engineering
design firm.
The control systems are divided into two types (1) vapor balance systems
and (2) vacuum assist systems with vapor processing units. A further breakdown
was made by number of dispensing nozzles.
c
In general the costs of vacuum assist systems appear to be approximately
twice those for vapor balance systems.
17.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
c. COSATI Field/Group
Air Pollution
Gasoline Marketing
Service Station Vapor Control
Air Pollution Control
Stationary Sources
Mobile Sources
Hydrocarbons
18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
Unlimited
19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport)
Unclassified
21. NO. OF PAGES
20
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
Unclassified
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
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