United Statet
                       Environmental Protection
                       Agency
                             Offlotof
                             Bond Wait* ind
                             Emergency Reiponw
                    Publication «3!5,0-88F8
                    EPA MO/F-9SAH5
  vvEPA
      Remedial Design/Remedial
      Action (RD/RA) Handbook
   Office of Emergency and Remedial Response
   Hazardous Site Control Division, 5203G
                                                   Quick Reference Fact Sheet
                                                               June 1995
This fact sheet presents an overview of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Remedial Design/Remedial Action
(RD/RA) Handbook, 9355.0-04B, PB95-963307, June 1995, a manual for Remedial Project Managers (RPMs) that
serves as a guide for all RPMs on how to manage Federal-lead, Fund-financed Remedial Design (RD) and Remedial
Action (RA) projects. The handbook does not address state- and enforcement-lead RD/RA projects but contains tabbed
dividers for state- and enforcement-lead guidance to be added as developed.  The RPM may use the management
principles and techniques outlined in the handbook to implement the selected remedy in accordance with the Record
of Decision (ROD). In addition to chapters on project management, project  planning, remedial design, and remedial
action, the handbook contains a number of appendices that will assist the RPM.  Figure 1 displays the handbook's
organization. This fact sheet briefly covers the same topics.	
                 Figure 1
    Remedial Design/Remedial Action (RD/RA) Handbook

 Chapter
    I   Introduction
    2   Project Management
    3   Project Planning
    4   Remedial Design
    5   Remedial Action
 Appendices
    Appendix A -
    Appendix B -
    Appendix C -
    Appendix D -
    Appendix E -
    Appendix F -

    Appendix G -
    Appendix H -
    Appendix I -
Glossary
Transmittal Forms
Design Review Checklists
Model lAGs
Model SOWs
RD/RA Fact Sheets
 & Other Guidance
State-Lead*
Enforcement-Lead*
Operations & Maintenance*
 •to be added as developed
PROJECT MANAGEMENT

The RPM's ultimate responsibility during the RD/RA
phase is to oversee the achievement of the goals of the
ROD in a timely and cost-effective manner. As a project
manager, the RPM creates, monitors, and controls the
scope of work, schedule, and budget of an  RD/RA
project. To do so effectively, the RPM must rely on the
RD/RA Technical Review Team (TRT) and his or her
own project  management skills, such as knowledge,
managerial effectiveness, leadership, and technical com-
petence.  The handbook describes methods the RPM
may use to conduct routine project monitoring activities.
The RPM also may employ RD/RA management strat-
egies such as anticipatory actions, work-around strat-
egies, and project modifications. The RPM must con-
sider potential RPM liability and  the limits of RPM
authority in the performance of his  or her duties.

PROJECT PLANNING

The RPM is responsible for the  quality of the RD/RA
project The RPM .that devotes substantial time and
effort to the planning process will face fewer manage-
ment demands as the project progresses and will be able
to address them more effectively as  they occur. As part
of the planning process, the RPM:
   •   Develops the project management plan
   •   Assembles a Technical Review Team
   •   Develops a communications strategy
   •   Collects predesign information
   •   Analyzes project constraints
   •   Develops the RD/RA schedule and budget

-------
    •   Develops the RD/RA contracting strategy .
    •   Involves the community
    •   Coordinates with the state       •

Project Management Plan
The project management plan documents project man-
agement goals and operational procedures and serves as
the keystone for the RD/RA project Figure 2 lists the
typical contents of a project management plan.
                    Figure 2

    Ccntents of a Project Management Plan
    1.  Definition of project objectives
    2.  Organizational structure
    3.  Communications structure
    4.  Project constraints.
    5.  RD/RA contracting strategy
    6.  Schedule development
    7.  Budget preparation
    8.  Superfund state contract timing
    9.  Property access issues
    10. Community relations issues
After the creation of the project management plan, the
RPM assembles a TRT.  The TRT, whose members
provide a broad spectrum of technical expertise to assist
the RPM in reviewing crucial deliverables and other
tasks, is comprised of many professionals with knowl- ,
edge in the applicable fields.  During project manage-
ment plan development, the RPM drafts the communica-
tions strategy and collects predesign information. The
RPM utilizes predesign information and considers gen-
eral  RD/RA project constraints to draft the  RD/RA
baseline project schedule and budget. General project
constraints include:
    •   Funding
    •   Schedule       •        .
        Health and safety
        Oqulpmtnt
        We«th«r                     '   '
        Change In RPM
        Community relation*
        Permits            .     '     .'/    •, :r* '••''
                           ' •  •       •>.'.•::.:?•• •-..:'• i;:
 A baseline project schedule developed by the RPM is die $
 basis for negotiations with the EPA contractor or Is used"^.'
 to develop agreed-upon limeframes for United States v?
                 •             •        .-.«..  ,«•«•.,
 Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)-managed projects,
 Then the RPM uses a detailed schedule developed by
 the RD or RA contractor, employing the Gaett chart
 method or the critical path method to monitor the
 RD/RA project. • The RPM incorporates both RD/RA
 budget and schedule information into the Comprehen-
 sive Environmental Response and Liability Information
 System (CERCLIS).  During the planning stage, the
 RPM also develops an RD/RA contracting strategy,
 which focuses on overall project scheduling, design
 approach .the RA procurement strategy, and RA con-
                                            '
 The RPM maximizes community relations by coordinat-
 ing with the community early and often and adhering to
 all Superfund community relations requirements. For
 example, EPA is._ equired by 40 Code of Federal Regu-
,- lotions (CFK) Section 300.435 to review and update the
 community relations plan that was created during the
.Remedial Investigation/Feasibility Study (RI/FS) stage
 forRD/RAs.           :.;...  ; '     .       •     ,
     ,  '    •  ' • '•      '•'''(..'.••
 State Coordination       :,

 Effective  coordination with the state in Federal-lead,
 Fund-financed sites is essential to project success. The
 IftPM should encourage the state to be an actively in-
 volved member of EPA's TRT. The RPM consults the
 State Memorandum of Agreement (SMOA) for gen-
 eral terms ofEPA-state coordination on remedial projects.
 Regardless of whether a SMOA has been signed for a
 particular state, the RPM must develop the site-specific
 Superfund State Contract (SSQ  for each Federal-
 lead, Fund-financed site before an RA can be Initiated
 Figure 3 highlights state responsibilities under Section
 104 of CERCLA for Federal-lead, Fund-financed RD/
 RAs.    .     ;'  • •   '••••••.•'•."••(   '   •'  •   v  '
                VFIgure3      .  •
    State Requirement* for Federal-Lead, Fund-Financed
  ;  Projects under CERCLA^ ••- ^;... -       r
  •  •' jTo provide a  10 percent cost.share of the
     V, .remedial response .(could be 50 percent or
     '   more for state-operated facilities)./i/j^,.,"
    ••   Tocbnductar^^undanop^raUonsandreatee-'
    fa ; nance (OJtM) actlvltln .^^ |
    •j '•-'. To aeetpt'trans Ar of all property aequ'
      • . EPA to conduct tt»RA> >'•>»*&
 FEDERAL-LEAD REMEDIAL DESIGN',
 ,   ^    ,,,        -..---->feetec&tlcalrequtrementsl.
 i.tiie kA, begms with project planning an'd ends with fee'?
 ^completion of a detailed set of engineering <
 .'
-------
Steps In the RD process Include:
•    Deciding whether to task the RD to an EPA contrac-
    tor or USAGE
•    Developing the Statement of Work
•    Oversight of design development
The RPM consults the TRT in determining whether to
task the RD to an EPA contractor or to USAGE. EPA
contractors may be Alternative Remedial Contracting
Strategy (ARCS) or Response Action Contract (RAC)
contractors.
The Statement of Work (SOW) for the RD will vary
depending on the contracting party.  If EPA is  the
contracting party, the RD SOW developed by the RPM
will become a legally binding component of the ARCS/
RAC contract when issued as a work assignment to the
designer (ARCS/RAC contractor).   When developing
the RD SOW for EPA contractors, the RPM should
utilize the RD standard tasks listed in the handbook. The
RPM also should incorporate standard design specifica-
tions by reference (developed by USAGE and available
from USAGE'S Huntsville Construction  Division).
Appendix E of the handbook provides a model SOW for
RD.
If USAGE is the contracting party, the SOW becomes
part of the Interagency Agreement (IAG) and serves
to facilitate communication between  EPA and USAGE
regarding design requirements.  In this case, the RPM
prepares the IAG SOW with USAGE assistance.  Ap-
pendix D of the handbook contains model lAGs for RDs,
RAs, and technical assistance.

Remedial Design Schedules and
Independent Government Cost Estimates

The RPM  is responsible for developing a preliminary
independent schedule that is a baseline for negotiating
the final schedule with the contracting party. For guid-
ance, the RPM may refer to  the remedy-specific RD
schedules EPA developed  that are listed in the OSWER
Directive 9355.0-43, titled Guidance for Scoping the
Remedial Design. For USACE-managed RDs, USAGE
personnel develop the RD schedule with RPM input and
cooperation.
If EPA is the contracting party,  IGCE preparation is
required before issuing a work assignment.  Although
not required to prepare an IGCE when USAGE is the
contracting party, the  RPM should develop a rough
estimate before entering RD scoping discussions with
USAGE.  The handbook provides additional informa-
tion on IGCEs for RDs.
 Ovarseelng Design Development
 Once the RD effort It underway, the RPM must manage
 his or her design oversight activities and balance federal,
 state, and community relationships. This includes timely
 review of dellverables to prevent project schedule delay.
 Potential dellverables (or submlttals) Include:
     •   Predeslgn phase submlttals
     •   Treatablllty screening submittals
     •   Preliminary design phase submittals
     •   Intermediate design phase submittals
     •   Prefinal/final design phase submittals
     •   Value engineering (VE) submittals

 FEDERAL-LEAD REMEDIAL ACTION
 The RA is the process by which the remedy, as selected
 in the ROD, is implemented. The handbook outlines the
 steps involved before, during, and after the RA process.
 Before  the RA commences, a number of RA planning
 activities need to occur.
 The RPM  revises the project management  plan, as-
 sembles a TRT, finalizes the Superrund state contract,
 and defines state involvement during the RA.  Then the
 RPM is responsible for developing the RA SOW, the
 IGCE, and the schedule. Appendix E of the handbook
 contains a model SOW for RA. The RPM prepares either
 the RA work assignment or an RA IAG. The RPM then
 establishes the management  procedures for managing
 the terms of the approved  RA work assignment or RA
 IAO. As with RDs, the procedures, which are outlined
 in the handbook, vary depending upon the contracting
 party.

 Remedial Action Procurement
 After the preliminary RA  steps have been taken, the
 contracting party  procures the RA contractor (con-
 structor).  The RPM's role in the procurement process
' is limited to monitoring to ensure it proceeds without
 delay and without contract award controversy, if pos-
 sible.

 Construction Activities
 Once the RA contract is awarded, preconstruction activi-
 ties include:
     •   Issuing the notice to proceed
     •   Conducting the preconstruction conference
     •   Delivering preconstruction submittals
     •   Providing site security
     •   Constructor mobilization
     •   Posting EPA signs at the she

-------
        During construction, the RPM monitors construction
        progress by Inspection of on-slte construction activities,
        and reviewing progress reports, progress payments, and
        submittals.

        Post Construction Activities

        Immediately following construction of the remedy, the
        remedy enters the opt rational and functional period.
        A remedy, such as a landfill cap or soil vapor extraction,
        is operational  and functional either one year after con-
        struction is complete or when the remedy is determined
        concurrently by EPA and the state  to be functioning
        properly and performing as designed, whichever occurs
        first (40 CFR Section 300.435).

        The constructor and the contracting party  perform
        prefinal and final inspections to determine whether the
        construction was completed in accordance with the RA
        contract. Within 60 days after the final inspection, the
        contracting  party prepares and  submits a Remedial
        Action (RA) Report to the RPM for review.
Either concurrently or In addition to the preflnal/flnal
Inspections,  EPA and the state must perform a joint
Inspection under the National Contingency Plan (40
CFR Section 300.315[g]) to obtain agreement that the
operational  and  functional  period  Is ready  to  com-
mence. Operations & maintenance (O&M) commences
on the date of agreement that the project is operational
and functional, with the exception  of ground water
restoration where EPA operates the system for ten years
before operational and functional status is achieved.
Finally, the  RPM oversees  the site closeout process,
which consists of construction completion, site comple-
tion, and site deletion activities. Construction comple-
tion  signifies  a  major EPA  accomplishment which
involves the completion of physical construction and
the preparation of a Close-out Report at the site.  Site
deletion from the National Priorities List can occur
once all cleanup standards established in the ROD have
been attained.
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Washington, DC 20460
Official Business
Penalty for Private Use
$300

-------