United States Office of Air Quality EPA-450/4-89-018
Environmental Protection Planning and Standards OCTOBER 1989
Agencv Research Trianale p?rk MC 2~~M 1
Ai7"~
EXAMPLE EMISSION INVENTORY
DOCUMENTATION FOR
POST-1987 OZONE
STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
(SIPS)
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EPA-450/4-89-018
EXAMPLE EMISSION INVENTORY
DOCUMENTATION FOR
POST-1987 OZONE
STATE IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
(SIPS)
By
Radian Corporation
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
EPA Contract No. 68-02-4392
EPA Project Officer: Michael W. Hamlin
Office Of Air Quality Planning And Standards
Office Of Air And Radiation
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
October 1989
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This report has been reviewed by the Office Of Air Quality Planning And Standards, U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency, and has been approved for publication as received from the
contractor. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the
Agency, neither does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.
EPA^50/4-89-018
11
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
List of Tables vi
List of Figures x
Preface xi
Executive Summary xiii
1.0 Background and Introduction 1-1
1.1 Background 1-1
1.2 Emissions Summary 1-5
1.3 References for Section 1 1-16
2.0 Point Sources 2-1
2.1 Introduction and Scope 2-1
2.2 Methodology and Approach 2-2
2.2.1 Listing of Potential VOC, NOX, and CO Emitting
Source Categories 2-4
2.2.2 Identification of Plant/Facility Listings 2-4
2.2.3 Survey of Potential VOC, NOX, and CO Source .... 2-4
2.2.4 Data Evaluation (QA) and Compilation 2-6
2.3 Summary of Point Source Emissions 2-6
2.4 VOC Point Source Emissions 2-7
2.4.1 Storage, Transportation and Marketing of VOC .... 2-15
2.4.2 Industrial Processes 2-15
2.4.3 Industrial Surface Coating 2-17
2.4.4 Non-Industrial Surface Coating 2-17
2.4.5 Other Solvent Use 2-17
2.4.6 Other Miscellaneous Sources 2-22
2.5 NOX and CO Point Source Emissions 2-22
2.6 References for Section 2 2-25
3.0 Area Sources 3-1
3.1 Introduction 3-1
3.2 Methodology and Approach to Emissions Estimation 3-4
3.2.1 Source Category Identification 3-4
3.2.2 Emission Estimation Approach 3-4
3.3 Quality Assurance Measures 3-8
3.4 Summary of Emission Results for Area Sources 3-8
3.5 Discussion of the Area Source Categories 3-11
3.5.1 Gasoline and Dies-el Distribution 3-11
3.5.2 Stationary Source Solvent Evaporation 3-18
3.5.2.1 Dry Cleaning 3-19
3.5.2.2 Degreasing 3-21
111
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Section Page
3.5.2.3 Surface Coating 3-24
3.5.2.4 Graphic Arts 3-26
3.5.2.5 Cutback Asphalt Paving 3-27
3.5.2.6 Roofing Operations 3-30
3.5.2.7 Pesticide Application 3-35
3.5.2.8 Commercial/Consumer Solvent Use 3-37
3.5.3 Waste Management Practices 3-39
3.5.3.1 Publicly Owned Treatment Works 3-41
3.5.3.2 Industrial Wastewater .... 3-43
3.5.3.3 Hazardous Waste Treatment Storage and Disposal
Facilities 3-44
3.5.3.4 Municipal Landfills 3-45
3.5.3.5 Solid Waste Burning 3-45
3.5.3.5.1. Incineration 3-45
3.5.3.5.2 Open Burning 3-46
3.5.4 Small Stationary Source Fossil and Other Fuel
Combustion 3-47
3.5.5 Other Area Sources 3-51
3.5.5.1 Commercial Bakeries 3-52
3.5.5.2 Miscellaneous Combustion Sources 3-52
3.5.5.3 Leaking Underground Storage Tanks 3-56
3.5.6 Nonhighway Mobile Sources 3-58
3.5.6.1 Aircraft 3-58
3.5.6.2 Marine Vessels 3-60
3.5.6.3 Construction Equipment 3-63
3.5.6.4 Agriculture Equipment 3-65
3.5.6.5 Industrial Equipment 3-67
3.5.6.6 Lawn and Garden Equipment 3-69
3.5.6.7 Motorcycles 3-71
3.5.6.8 Railroad Locomotives 3-71
3.6 References for Section 3 3-75
4.0 Highway Vehicles 4-1
4.1 Travel Estimation Process 4-2
4.1.1 Overview 4-2
4.1.2 Ozoneville MSA VMT Determination 4-3
4.1.2.1 Trip Generation Model 4-3
4.1.2.2 Trip Distribution Model 4-4
4.1.2.3 Mode Choice Model 4-4
4.1.2.4 Traffic Assignment Model 4-7
4.1.3 QA of the Ozoneville MSA VMT Estimates 4-7
4.2 Emissions Estimation Process 4-14
4.2.1 Overview of Highway Vehicle Emissions Estimates .... 4-14
4.2.2 Inputs to MOBILE4 4-14
IV
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
Section Page
4.2.2.1 One-time Data 4-15
4.2.2.2 Scenario-specific Data 4-18
4.2.3 Outputs from MOBILE4 4-20
4.2.4 Summary of Highway Vehicle Emissions 4-20
4.3 Quality Assurance (QA) Process 4-23
4.4 References for Section 4 4-32
5.0 Quality Assurance 5-1
5.1 Completeness 5-1
5.2 Accuracy 5-2
5.2.1 Reasonableness Checks 5-2
5.2.2 Data Entry and Calculation Checks 5-3
5.3 Compliance with EPA Content and Reporting Requirements . . 5-4
5.4 References for Section 5 5-5
Appendix A - Point Source Inventory Data A-l
Appendix B - Additional Documentation for the Area Sources Inventory . B-l
Appendix C - SAMS Emission Summary Reports C-l
Appendix D - Requirements Document Quality Assurance Checklist .... D-l
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LIST OF TABLES
Table
1-1
1-2
1-3
1-4
1-5
2-1
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-9
Summary of 1987 Demographic Information for the Ozoneville
MSA
List of Contact People for the Ozoneville Post-1987
Ozone Inventory
Summary Table of Seasonally Adjusted VOC Emissions for
Ozonevi 1 1 e MSA (tons per day)
Summary Table of Seasonally Adjusted NOX Emissions for
Ozoneyille MSA (tons per day)
Summary Table of Seasonally Adjusted CO Emissions for
Ozoneville MSA (tons per day)
Summary List of VOC Sources Included in the Ozoneville
MSA Inventory
Summary of NOX and CO Point Sources Included in the
Ozonevi lie MSA Inventory
Summary of Ozoneville MSA Point Source VOC Emissions
by Major Source Categori es
VOC Emissions from Storage Transportation and Marketing
of Volatile Organics: Ozoneville MSA Point Sources
VOC Emissions from Industrial Processes: Ozoneville
MSA Point Sources
VOC Emissions from Industrial Surface Coating:
Ozoneville MSA Point Sources
VOC Emissions from Non- Industrial Surface Coating:
Ozonevi lie MSA Point Sources
VOC Emissions from Other Solvent Use: Ozoneville MSA
Point Sources
VOC Emissions from Other Miscellaneous Sources:
Ozonevi 1 1 e MSA Poi nt Sources
Page
1-4
1-6
1-9
1-12
1-13
2-8
2-10
2-11
2-16
2-18
2-19
2-20
2-21
2-23
VI
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table Page
2-10 Summary of Ozoneville MSA Point Source NOX and CO
Emissions 2-24
3-1 Area Sources Included in the Ozoneville MSA Emissions
Inventory 3-2
3-2 Summary of the Estimation Procedures for Area Sources ... 3-6
3-3 Summary of Emissions from Area Sources 3-9
3-4 Summary of Emissions from Gasoline Marketing 3-16
3-5 Summary of Emissions from Diesel Marketing 3-17
3-6 Summary of Emissions from Dry Cleaning Facilities 3-22
3-7 Summary of Emissions from Degreasing Operations 3-23
3-8 Summary of Emissions from Surface Coating 3-25
3-9 Summary of Emissions from Graphic Arts Facilities 3-28
3-10 Summary of Emissions from Cutback Asphalt Paving
Operations 3-29
3-11 Summary of VOC Emissions from Roofing Operations 3-32
3-12 Summary of NOX Emissions from Roofing Operations 3-33
3-13 Summary of CO Emissions from Roofing Operations 3-34
3-14 Summary of Emissions from Pesticide Application 3-36
3-15 Summary of Emissions from Commercial/Consumer
Solvent Use 3-38
3-16 Summary of VOC Emissions from Waste Management
Practices 3-40
3-17 Summary of NOX and CO Emissions from Solid Waste
Combustion 3-42
3-18 Summary of Fuel Combustion Emission Factors for Small
Fuel Combustion Sources 3-48
3-19 Summary of Emissions from Natural Gas Combustion,
All Sectors 3-49
VI 1
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table Page
3-20 Summary of Emissions from Coal and Oil Combustion
in the Industrial Sector 3-51
3-21 Summary of Emissions from Commercial Bakeries 3-53
3-22 Summary of Emissions from Miscellaneous Combustion
Sources 3-55
3-23 Summary of Emissions from Leaking Underground Storage
Tanks 3-57
3-24 Summary of 'Emissions from Aircraft 3-59
3-25 Emissions from Marine Vessels 3-62
3-26 Summary Df Emissions from Construction Equipment 3-64
3-27 Summary of Emissions from Agricultural Equipment 3-66
3-28 Summary of Emissions from Industrial Equipment 3-68
3-29 Summary of Emissions from Lawn and Garden Equipment 3-70
3-30 Summary of Emissions from Motorcycles 3-72
3-31 Summary of Emissions from Railroad Locomotives 3-74
4-1 Total Forecasted Daily Vehicle Trips in Ozoneville
MSA 4-6
4-2 Average Daily Vehicle Operating Speeds by Highway
Classification 4-8
4-3 Ozoneville MSA Daily VMT by County and Road Type* 4-9
4-4 Ozoneville MSA Daily VMT by County and Vehicle Class 4-10
4-5 Summary of DTPS Model Traffic Assignment Validation 4-12
4-6 QA Comparison Check of 1987 Passenger Counts to
Model-Assigned Volumes for Ozoneville MSA Transit
Patronage 4-13
4-7 Emission Factors Generated by MOBILE4 for Ozoneville
MSA Base Year Highway Vehicle Inventory 4-21
4-8 Complete MOBILE4 Output for the Ozoneville MSA 4-22
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LIST OF TABLES (Continued)
Table
4-9
4-10
4-11
4-12
4-13
4
4
4
-14
-15
-16
Ozoneville MSA VOC, NOX, and CO Emissions
Vehicles ,
Summary of Ozoneville MSA Highway Vehicle
Emissions by Vehicle Class
Summary of Ozoneville MSA Highway Vehicle
by Vehicle Class ,
Summary of Ozoneville MSA Highway Vehicle
by Vehicle
Summary of
by Roadway
Summary of
by Roadway
Summary of
by Roadway
Summary of
Class .
Ozonevi
Type ..
Ozonevi
Type ..
Ozonevi
Type ..
Quality
lie
lie
lie
MSA
MSA
MSA
Highway
Highway
Highway
Vehicle
Vehicle
Vehicle
from Highway
VOC
CO Emissions
NOX Emissions
Page
4-24
4-25
4-26
4-27
VOC Emissions
CO
NO
Assurance Reasonableness
Emissions
x Emissions
Checks
4-28
4-29
4-30
for the Ozoneville MSA Highway Vehicle Emissions
Inventory ............................................... 4-31
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1-1 Map of the Inventory Planning Area for the Ozoneville
MSA Emissions Inventory 1-3
1-2 Summary of Ozoneville MSA Ozone Season Day Emissions,
1987 Base Year 1-8
1-3 Distribution of 1987 Base Year Emissions by Point,
Area and Mobi 1 e Components 1-15
2-1 Ozoneville MSA Point Source VOC Emissions by
Category; Total = 28.3 TPD 2-12
2-2 Distribution of Point Source VOC Emissions by Control
Status and Category 2-13
2-3 Distribution of Point Source VOC Emissions by Emission
Size Category; Total = 28.3 TPD 2-14
3-1 Ozoneville MSA Area Source VOC Emissions by Category 3-12
3-2 Ozoneville MSA Area Source NOX Emission by Category 3-13
3-3 Ozoneville MSA Area Source CO Emissions by Category 3-14
4-1 Overview of the Major Roads in the Ozoneville MSA
Transportation Planning Area Network 4-5
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PREFACE
This document supplements recent U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) guidance on compiling emission inventories for reactive volatile organic
compounds (VOC), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), and carbon monoxide (CO), for use
in developing post-1987 State implementation plans (SIPs) for demonstrating
attainment of the ambient ozone standards. *'2 This document contains an
example emissions inventory for reactive VOC, NOX, and CO, which has been
compiled and documented for a fictitious ozone (03) nonattainment area called
Ozoneville. Although the scope of this example document is limited to
inventories for 03 nonattainment, the organization and the method of
documentation are also applicable to inventories prepared in response to CO
nonattainment. In addition, with minor modifications, many of the procedures
described in this document may also be applicable to CO inventories.
Emission estimates are developed for point, area (including stationary
and non-highway mobile sources), and highway vehicle sources for the base year
of 1987. While required point, area and mobile source emissions data are
summarized in Section 1.0 of the document and detailed throughout the
subsequent sections and Appendix A, the bulk of this example emissions
inventory is devoted to documentation of the data - background information
describing how the data were obtained and how emissions were calculated. The
example inventory and its documentation are presented in a manner consistent
with the requirements of the proposed post-1987 policy for ozone nonattainment
areas (52 FR 45044, November 24, 1987). The purpose of the example inventory
is to provide guidance on how a State/loca] agency should document and present
its post-1987 03 SIP inventory for EPA rather than how the agency should
calculate emission totals.
This document updates and generally supersedes an earlier EPA inventory
guidance document for ozone SIPs entitled Example Emission Inventory
Documentation for 1982 Ozone SIPs (EPA-450/4-80-033) . The most significant
* Procedures for the Preparation of Emissions Inventories for Precursors
of Ozone: Volume I. Third Edition. December 1988. EPA-450/4-88-021.
p
Emission Inventory Requirements for Post-1987 Ozone State Implementation
Plans. December 1988. EPA-450/4-88-019.
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revisions to the 1982 guidance document involve the required application of
rule effectiveness in calculating emission estimates, the inclusion of CO
emission estimates, the emissions estimation and data reporting requirements
for VOC point sources with emissions in the 10 to 100 tons/yr range, the
required application of MOBILE4--the newest version of EPA's highway vehicles
emissions estimation model, and the application of the recently developed SIP
Air Pollutant Inventory Management System (SAMS) computer software for
compiling and reporting inventory data.
Several qualifications should be kept in mind when using this document.
First, many of the emissions and activity level data presented are fictitious,
and although they were selected to be reasonably realistic, they should not be
considered as necessarily representative of a given source or source category.
As such, this document should not be used as a reference for emission factors,
activity levels or methodologies for estimating emissions; that information is
1 o
provided in guidance issued previously. ' Second, this document has not
attempted to address every VOC, NOX, or CO source type (particularly for point
sources) or inventory situation that may occur for a given locale. The intent
has been to focus on a set of example inventory conditions that are useful and
applicable to illustrate how to prepare and document an Oj SIP emissions
inventory in the post-1987 era. The inventorying agency's actual point source
inventory will necessarily have to encompass many more sources of VOC
(including many to which reasonably available control technology (RACT) is
applicable) than have been included in this example inventory. In contrast,
the sections on area and highway vehicle sources in this document address all
sources because of the smaller number of source categories that must be dealt
with in each of these areas.
xn
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Section 1.0 contains a background and an overall emissions summary. The
background describes the geographical area covered by the inventory and the
corresponding demographic characteristics used throughout the remainder of the
document as bases for estimating emissions. This first section also
illustrates how to define the agencies responsible for preparing the inventory
and identify key personnel and their telephone numbers so that follow up
contacts can be made. Finally, Section 1.0 summarizes the base year inventory
emissions in tabular and graphic form. Summary tables generated by the SIP
Air Pollutant Inventory Management System (SAMS) show the distribution of VOC,
CO and NOX emissions by inventory component (point, area, or highway vehicle)
and by specific emission category.
Section 2.0 describes the point source component of the inventory and the
methodology used in gathering, evaluating, and compiling the data. The
inventory includes point source listings in each of the seven major VOC source
categories as well as sources emitting CO and NOX.
Section 3.0 describes the area (including non-highway mobile) source component
of the inventory and the methodology used to estimate emissions. The area
source inventory includes comprehensive coverage of each of the six major area
source categories.
Section 4.0 describes the highway vehicle component of the emission inventory,
the models used to derive highway travel estimates, and the information used
to estimate emissions via MOBILE4. The section also summarizes VOC, CO and
NOX emissions by vehicle type and road type for each of the MSA counties.
Section 5.0 highlights key elements of the overall quality assurance (QA)
program, an integral part of the emissions inventory development effort. The
section describes how internal quality assurance/quality control activities
were used to ensure that the resulting inventory was complete, accurate and
consistent with EPA requirements.
xiv
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
This document has been prepared to help State and local agencies
expedite the review and approval of base year inventories by organizing and
documenting them well. The example emission inventory presented here is for
the fictitious Oj nonattainment area called Ozoneville, which is preparing to
submit an ozone State implementation plan (SIP).
This example illustrates how information can be presented in ways that
will make it easy for the reviewing agency to:
o determine if the post-1987 requirements were met,
o perform independent quality control checks and calculations,
o understand alternative procedures, as well as why and where they
are used, and
o locate and evaluate the input bases and the results for any
emission point or category.
This example inventory was developed by following the guidance and
requirements documents issued by EPA for preparing post-1987 emission
inventories. In a few cases, procedural deviations are included to illustrate
how an agency should document alternative procedures should the preparing
agency deem them necessary for site specific reasons. In preparing real world
inventories the following caveats should be noted:
o since the places described are fictitious, this document should
not be used as a reference document for performing data range
checks or for defining "typical" emission distributions among the
inventory categories;
o similarly, the document is not intended to be used as guidance for
calculation procedures or emission factors, or as a list of post-
1987 requirements.
The example inventory document is organized into five sections of text
and four appendices.
xm
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The appendices contain detailed data to complement and support the
information presented in the text. The appendices also include SAMS reports
for each of the point sources. Detailed documentation is also included for
most of the area source categories. Finally, the appendices contain a
completed QA checklist documenting Ozoneville's self-evaluation of the draft
inventory submittal.
xv
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1.0 BACKGROUND AND EMISSIONS SUMMARY
In 1977, Ozoneville was classified as being nonattainment for ozone (03)
with respect to National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Ozoneville
failed to demonstrate attainment by 1982 and was granted an extension until
1987. Again, the Ozoneville area was unable to demonstrate attainment by the
1987 deadline. In a letter dated May 30, 1988, EPA Regional Administrator
Smith informed Governor Jones that the most recent three years of monitoring
data showed that Ozoneville had failed to attain the NAAQS for 03. In the
absence of a final policy for addressing control requirements in the post-1987
era, Governor Jones was asked to provide an initial response to the SIP call
consisting of (1) revising the State air regulations to become consistent with
EPA's most recent guidance, and (2) preparing a base year emissions inventory
for 1987 or 1988, also according to EPA's most recent guidance. This document
fulfills the second requirement.
1.1 BACKGROUND
This document presents the 1987 base year emissions inventory for
reactive volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of nitrogen (NOJ, and CO
from point, nonhighway area, and highway vehicle sources for the Ozoneville
Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). Emissions are reported on a daily basis,
averaged over the peak 03 season (April through October) for the Ozoneville
area. Although not specifically required, emissions are also summarized on an
annual basis. Annual emission summaries are provided to assist the review
agency in two key ways. First, annual rates provide an easy format to assist
the review agency in making quality assurance checks against other existing
state and regional data bases. Second, the annual notation clearly delineates
point sources (> 25 tpy) that are subject to the detailed reporting
requirements. Due to variations in seasonal activity, 03 seasonal hourly
rates are not sufficient indicators for distinguishing between large and small
sources.
cao/005 1-1
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Consistent with the post-1987 03 policy and related guidance, this draft
base year inventory does not contain projected baseline emissions or SIP
strategy projections. Once EPA approves this base year inventory and provides
further direction on control strategies and SIP requirements, baseline and SIP
strategy projections will be made for attainment demonstration planning
purposes.
The geographic area covered in this inventory is shown in the map in
Figure 1-1. This area is referred to as the inventory planning area and
includes both the MSA and a 25-mile extension around the MSA for large point
sources. In addition to the metropolitan area of Ozoneville, the MSA
encompasses Counties A, B, C, and D. The 25-mile boundary surrounding the MSA
encompasses portions of 12 counties. As can be imagined, a strict 25-mile
boundary does not coincide with county or other jurisdiction lines. For the
purpose of developing a clearer definition of the planning area boundary and
to avoid unnecessary judgment calls pertaining to the precise location of
particular facilities in relation to the MSA borders, the planning area
boundary was conservatively defined to include all portions of the 12
surrounding counties. Figure 1-1 illustrates the Ozoneville MSA and
surrounding planning area.
Demographic data characterizing the four counties in the Ozoneville MSA
are presented in Table 1-1.2/3 The data in Table 1-1 are crucial to many of
the emission estimation calculation procedures used to develop the inventory,
particularly for area source categories. As such, these data are frequently
cited in the document.
A number of agencies were involved in preparing various portions of the
Ozoneville MSA inventory. The lead agency was the Ozoneville Regional
Planning Authority (ORPA). The ORPA was directly responsible for coordinating
and supervising the completion of each segment of the inventory. Several
other State and local agencies contributed information to the ORPA that was
necessary for preparing emission estimates. The State Department of
Environmental Regulation (DER), the Ozoneville Department of Public Health
(ODPH), and various other State departments (e.g., labor, commerce, and
energy) provided activity level data for use in the nonhighway area source
cao/005 1-2
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Planning Area Boundary
Xxxjxi.lxl County A |:;:::;;:;;;X;::L:;X;:| County B (:;>:;
Ozonevllle MSA
Ozoneville Metropolatin Area
Figure 1-1. Map of the Inventory Planning Area for
the Ozoneville MSA Emissions Inventory
cao/005
1-3
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TABLE 1-1. SUMMARY OF 1987 DEMOGRAPHIC INFORMATION FOR THE OZONEVILLE MSA
2-4
Demographic County A
Parameter Value
Population
Land Area (sq.mi)
No. of Households"
I'anufacturing
Emplolyment
Construction
Employment
Wholesale
Employment
Retail
Employment
Commercial/
Institutional
Employment
Gasoline RVP
Ozone Seasoln Temp.
Range/Mean Temp.
(°F)
407,497
528
154,355
68,617
15,157
10,602
32,706
97,452
10.8
71-95/89
County B
Value
205,259
364
79,868
27,341
3,856
2,575
11,096
37,967
10.8
71-95/89
County C
Value
368,314
342
133,932
36,185
7,905
4,178
22,663
66,263
10.8
71-95/89
County D
Value
301,077
471
120,915
34,619-
6,502
2,902
18,509
52,652
10.8
71-95/89
State or
National
Value1
6,412,000(S)
NAb
90,031,000(N)
NA
691,223(N)
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
"This column provides State and National level values for the indicated parameters
that were used in the analysis. Values followed by an (S) are State-level data and
those followed by an (N) are National-level data.
bNA means the value of the indicated parameter was not used in the analysis and was
therefore not applicable.
cAssumes an average of 2.64 persons per household in County A, 2.57 in County B,
2.75 in County C, and 2.49 in County D. Based on Bureau of Census, Professional
Estimates of Households for Counties.*
cao/005
1-4
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inventory. The point source inventory was updated primarily through the
results of a mail survey by the DER. In selected cases, the mail survey
results were augmented with in-person source contacts. The majority of the
highway vehicle emissions calculation information was provided by the
Ozoneville Department of Transportation (ODOT). The ODOT ran all necessary
transportation planning models to develop vehicle miles traveled (VMT)
estimates and the MOBILE4 model to determine emission factors. The contact
persons for the ORPA and the other major contributors to the inventory are
listed in Table 1-2.
1.2 EMISSIONS SUMMARY
Consistent with the proposed post-1987 Policy, VOC, NOX, and CO
emissions were inventoried in the nonattainment MSA and in a 25-mile band
extending from the MSA for certain point sources. Within the MSA boundaries,
VOC, NOX, and CO emission estimates were assembled for point, nonhighway area,
and highway vehicle sources. The only sources inventoried in the 25-mile band
extending from the MSA were major VOC, NOX, or CO point sources with emissions
of 100 tons/yr or greater (referred to hereafter as "100-ton sources").
The primary source of data for point sources not in the Ozoneville MSA was the
State DER. Since the number of 100-ton sources in the 25-mile band was
relatively few, follow-up telephone contacts were made with the majority to
update and confirm DER information.
As stated previously, the base year for the inventory is 1987.
Emissions totals are expressed as 1987 values using data for 1987, whenever
available. Area source totals were based on current population, employment,
and commodity data developed by the DER and ODPH. These data were generally
combined with .emission factors from EPA's AP-42 document5 to yield emission
totals. The starting point for point source estimates was the existing State
DER inventory and permit files. These files were updated with questionnaire
surveys distributed in the first quarter of the year. The surveys were
structured using the guidelines in the EPA document Procedures for the
Preparation of Emission Inventories for Precursors of Ozone
(EPA-450/4-88-021).6
cao/005 1-5
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o
e>
o
o
o
en
TABLE 1-2. LIST OF CONTACT PEOPLE FOR THE OZONEVILLE POST-1987 OZONE INVENTORY
Agency
Responsibility
Contact/Telephone No.
O»
Ozoneville Regional
Planning Authority
1313 Oak Street
Ozoneville, USA 54321
State Department of
Environmental Regulation
535 Ridge Road
Capital, USA 54321
Ozoneville Department of
Public Health
720 West Avenue
Ozoneville, USA 54321
Ozoneville Department
of Transportation
678 North Highway
Ozoneville, USA 54321
Lead agency, overall
inventory coordination
and supervision
Point and area source
emissions data and area
source activity levels
Area source activity level
and emission factor data
VMT generation, MOBILE4
emission factors, and
all other highway vehicle
data
John Smith/111-123-4321
Jane Doe/555-111-2233
Dr. Bill Plant/111-321-1234
Jim Summer/111-987-6543
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Highway vehicle emissions were estimated by applying EPA emission factors
from the recently released MOBILE4 model to VMT estimates for the MSA
counties. The ODOT used Federal Highway Administration urban transportation
planning models to generate the necessary VMT estimates. Ozoneville
MSA-specific data were used whenever possible to run the VMT models and
MOBILE4. For some parameters, however, sufficient resources were not
available for the ODOT to develop site-specific values, so national average
defaults contained in the models were used.
The VOC emission estimates provided in this document are for those VOCs
determined by EPA to be photochemically reactive. All identified nonreactive
VOC were excluded from the VOC totals reported here for all sources and source
categories. Compounds considered to be nonreactive,7'8'9 and therefore not
included in the inventory, are listed below:
Methane
Ethane
1,1,1-Trichloroethane (methyl chloroform)
Methylene chloride
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC 11)
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC 12)
Chlorodifluoromethane (CFC 22)
Trifluoromethane (FC 23)
Trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC 113)
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC 114)
Chloropentafluoroethane (CFC 115)
Dichlorotrifluoroethane (HCFC-123)
Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a)
Dichlorofluoroethane (HCFC-141b)
Chlorodifluoroethane (HCFC-142b)
A summary of the VOC, NOX, and CO emission totals for the Ozoneville MSA
planning area is given in Tables 1-3, 1-4, and 1-5, respectively. The tables
differentiate the contribution by emission source type and by whether it is
from a point or area source. The magnitude of total VOC, NOX, and CO
emissions in the Ozoneville SIP planning area is clearly delineated in Figure
1-2.
cao/005 1-7
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o
o>
o
o
o
in
i
00
0>
CL
(O
I
1,500
1.000
500
: 405.7 :Ji!iJiiii;;i;ji!
:i!i!iji;i|i;i|i! 298.9 iiiliij
voc
I
NOx
:::!JG::;.iii: 1347.7|;
I
CO
Figure 1-2. Summary of Ozoneville MSA Ozone Season Day Emissions, 1987 Base Year
-------
7ABLF -2.
'"' TAELE 0~ SEASONAL-1; iiJUSTEi V(X EMISSIONS FOR OZOKEVILLE
Applicable Regulation
(1)
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
STORAGE, TRANSPORTATION AND MARKETING OF VOC
Gasoline and Crude Oil Storage
Fixed Roof
External Floating Roof
Volatile Organic Liquid Storage
Barge and Tanker Cleaning
Bulk Gasoline Terminals' '
Gasoline Bulk Plants(5)
Service Stations
Tank Truck Unloading
Vehicle Refueling
Tank Breathing Losses
Tank Trucks in Transit
(3)
I,II- 0925,0933,0518,0524
I- 0927,0518,0524,0525
I- 0926,0518,0524,0525
I- 0932,0928,0518
I- 0518,0524
0.0
13.9
0.0
(2)
12.7
9.4
0.8
0.1
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Rubber Tire Manufacture
II- 0937,0518,0524
2.2
INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING
Paper Products
Fabric and Vinyl
I- 0920,0518,0524
I- 0921,0518,0524
1.7
4.0
NON-INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING
Architectural Coatings
Auto Refinishing
0.3
10.3
6.4
OTHER SOLVENT USE
Solvent Metal Cleaning
Cold Cleaners
Open Top Vapor Degreasers
Conveyorized Degreasers
Dry Cleaning
Perchloroethylene
Petroleum
Graphic Arts
Rotogravure
Flexography
Adhesives
Cutback Asphalt
Consumer/Commercial Solvent Use
I- 0930,0518
I- 0930,0518
I- 0930,0518
II- 0938,0518
II- 0938,0518,0524
I,II- 0936,0920,0518,0524
I,II- 0936,0920,0518,0524
I- 0931,0518,0524
0.2
0.1
0.8
4.1
0.6
6.0
103.8
1.1
0.5
1.4
0.5
0.4
10.8
cao/005
1-9
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TABLE 1-3. SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR OZONEVILLE MSA (tons per bay)
Applicable Regulation^
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
WASTE DISPOSAL
Municipal Waste Landfills
Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Open Burning
On-site Incineration
Industrial
TSDFs
Transfer, Storage & Handling
0.8
0.9
0.0
6.1
0.1
0.1
OTHEP MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES
Commercial Bakeries
Pesticide Applications
Asohalt Roofing Kettles/Tankers
Stationary External Combustion
Coal
Fuel Oil
Natural Gas
Waste Disposal Combustion
Open Burning Combustion
Other VOC Sources (Leaking
Underground Storage Tanks)
0.1
0.1
1.2
0.9
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.7
0.4
1.5
MOBILE SOURCES
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Farm Equipment
Construction Equipment
Industrial Equipment
Lawn and Garden Equipment
Others
106.1
30.8
4.6
2.8
1.8
0.
4,
12,
0,
22,
2.7
10.4
0.3
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1-10
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TABLE 1-3. SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR 020NEVILLE MSA (tons per day)
Base Year
(1987)
Applicable Regulation/ 5 Point Area
TOTALS
Stationary Sources Total 28.2 177.2
Mobile Soorces Total 200.2
Grand Total All Sources 28.2 377.4
Footnotes:
1. I, II, III refer to CTG Category Groups. Four digit codes refer to State Regulations.
0518 = Miscellaneous Volatile Organic Compound Emissions
0524 - New Source Performance Standards (NSPS)
0525 National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP)
0920 Paper Coating
0921 Fabric and Vinyl Coating
0925 Petroleum Liquid Storage in Fixed Roof Tanks
0926 - Bulk Gasoline Plants
0927 = Bulk Gasoline Terminals
0930 = Solvent Metal Cleaning
0931 Cutback Asphalt
0933 - Petroleum Liquid Storage in External Floating Roof Tanks
0936 = Graphic Arts
0938 = Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaning System
2. Emission values of 0.0 indicate that daily emission are >0 Ibs/day but less than 100 Ibs/day.
3. Includes all storage facilities except those at service stations and bulk plants.
4. Emissions from loading tank trucks and rail cars.
5. Emissions from storage and transfer operations.
cao/005 1-11
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1-4. SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NO, EMISSIONS FOR OZONEVILLE MSA (tons per day)
Applicable Regulation
(l)
Baseyear: 87
Point Area
EXTERNAL FUEL COMBUSTION
Utility Boilers
Industrial Boilers
Commerical, Institutional & Residential
Other
STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION
Reciprocating Engines
Gas Turbines
0524.40CFR 60.40a, Subpart Da
0524.40CFR 60.406, Subpart Db
0524.40CFR 60.40b, Subpart Db
55.0
0524.40CFR 60.330, Subpart GG
8.0
3.9
OTHER COMBUSTION
Waste Disposal
Doen Burning
Others
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Chemical Manufacturing
Adipic Acid
Nitric Acid
Others
Iron and Steel
Mineral Products
Cement
Glass
Others
Petroleum Refining
Others
Mobile Sources
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-Highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Other
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
Grand Total - All Sources
3.6
0.1
1.5
58.6
58.6
31.7
11.9
2.2
19.6
0.2
3.5
6.3
0.2
151.2
13.5
226.8
240.3
Footnotes:
Four digit code "0524" refers to State citations of Mew Source Performance Standards.
o 40 CFR 60.40a Subpart Da - Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators
o 40 CFR 60.406, Subpart Db - Standards of Performance for Industrial-Commerical-Institutional Steam
Generating Units
o 40 CFR 60.330, Subpart GG - Standards of Performance for Stationary Gas Turbines
cao/005
1-12
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TABLE 1-5. SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED CO EMISSIONS FOR OZONEVILLE MSA (tons per day)
Baseyear: 87
Applicable Regulation'1' Point Area
EXTERNAL FUEL COMBUSTION
Utility Boilers 8.6
Industrial Boilers 0.0(2) 1.8
Commerical, Institutional & Residential 0.0 0.9
Other
STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION
Reciprocating Engines
Gas Turbines
OTHER COMBUSTION
Waste Disposal 2.20
Others 36.7
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Chemical Manufacturing
Iron and Steel
Mineral Products
Petroleum Refining
Others
MOBILE SOURCES
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos 582.1
Light Duty Trucks 212.1
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks 40.5
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks 12.9
Other Highway Vehicles 7.3
Won-Highway Vehicles
Rail 1.2
Aircraft 16.0
Vessels 41.9
Other 383-9
Stationary Sources Total 10.8 39.4
Mobile Sources Total 1,297.9
Grand Total - All Sources 10.8 1^337.3
Footnotes:
1. There are no regulations in the MSA limiting CO emissions.
2. Emission values of 0.0 indicate that daily emissions are greater than 0 Ibs/day but less than
100 Ibs/day.
cao/005 1-13
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*
The distribution of these emissions by point, nonhighway area, and highway
vehicle categories is illustrated in Figure 1-3. As shown in Figure 1-3, area
sources dominate VOC emissions in the MSA, constituting roughly 57 percent of
the total. The primary source categories contributing to the area source VOC
total are solvent metal cleaning (degreasing), nonhighway mobile sources, tank
truck loading, vehicle refueling, architectural coating, and consumer/
commercial solvent use. NOX emissions in the MSA are also dominated by area
sources, constituting 58.4 percent of all NO, emissions. The largest
contributors to NOX area source emissions are nonhighway mobile sources and
stationary coal and natural gas combustion sources. Highway mobile sources
generate the greatest quantity of CO emissions in the Ozoneville MSA,
constituting 63.4 percent of the CO total.. Point sources contribute less than
one percent of the area's CO emissions.
The description and documentation for the point source component of the
Ozoneville inventory is provided in Section 2.0, with supporting data in
Appendix A. Section 3.0 describes the area source inventory with
documentation provided in Appendix B. Highway vehicle emissions are
documented in Section 4.0. Section 5.0 provides a description of the quality
assurance (QA) program used to ensure that the inventory contained accurate
and complete data. Appendix C contains PC-SAMS summary emission tables for
VOC, NOX, and CO for each individual county in the Ozoneville MSA. Appendix D
contains a completed inventory QA checklist from EPA's guidance document
Quality Assurance Program for Post-1987 Ozone and Carbon Monoxide State
Implementation Plan Emission Inventories (EPA-450/4-89-004).10
cao/005 1-14
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Area Sources (57.0%)
Highway Mobile Sources (63.4%)
Point Sources (7.0%)
Area Sources (35.8%)
Highway Mobile Sources (36.0%)
VOC Emissions
Total = 405.7 tons/day
Point Sources (0.8%)
CO Emissions
Total = 1347.7 tons/day
Area Sources (58.4%)
Point Sources (19.6%)
Highway Mobile Sources (21.9%)
NOx Emissions
Total = 298.9 tons/day
Figure 1-3. Distribution of 1987 Base Year Emissions by
Point, Area and Mobile Components
cao/005
1-15
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1.3 REFERENCES FOR SECTION 1
1.
2.
4.
6.
7.
9.
10.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. State Implementation Plans;
Approval of Post-1987 Ozone and Carbon Monoxide Plan Revisions for Areas
Not Attaining the National Ambient Air Quality Standards; Notice.
Federal Register, Vol. 52; No. 226, November 24, 1987.
Ozoneville Regional Planning Authority. Employment and Household
Statistics and Projections-Ozoneville Metropolitan Statistical Area: A
Synoptic Report. Ozoneville, USA. February 1986.
U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. County Business
Patterns 1986-Georgia. Report No. CBP-86-35. 1986.
CENDATA. Online Information Utility of the U. S. Bureau of the Census.
Dialog Information Systems. Professional Estimates of Households for
Counties. July 1, 1987-Georgia.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Emission Factors, Volume I: Stationary
Compilation of Air Pollutant
Point and Area Sources. Fourth
Edition Including Supplements. AP-42. Office of Air Quality Planning
and Standards, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. 1988.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Procedures for the Preparation
of Emission Inventories for Precursors of Ozone: Volume I. Third
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
Edition.
December
EPA-450/4-88-021.
1988.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Recommended Policy on Control of
Volatile Organic Compounds. 42 FR 35314. Washington, D.C. U. S.
Government Printing Office. July 08, 1977.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Air Quality; Clarification of
Agency Policy Concerning Ozone STP Revisions and Solvent Reactivities.
45 FR 48941. Washington, D.C. U. S. Government Printing Office. July
22, 1980.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Revision to EPA Policy
Concerning Ozone Control Strategies and Volatile Organic Compound
Reactivity. 54 FR 1987. Washington, D.C. U. S. Government Printing
Office. January 18, 1989.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Quality Assurance Program for
Post-1987 Ozone and Carbon Monoxide State Implementation Plan Emission
Inventories. EPA-450/4-89-004. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
March 1989.
cao/005
1-16
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2.0 POINT SOURCES
2.1 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
This section documents the development of the Ozoneville Metropolitan
Statistical Area (MSA) point source inventory and serves to characterize this
point component of the emission inventory by describing the major source
category contributors, their control status and their relative size. For the
purposes of this emission inventory, point sources are defined as stationary,
commercial or industrial operations that emit more than 10 tons per year of
volatile organic compounds (VOC) or 100 or more tons of nitrogen oxides (NOX)
or carbon monoxide (CO). Due to the lower size cut-off for VOC sources, the
majority of point sources in the Ozoneville MSA are VOC emitters; therefore
most of this section is dedicated to these sources. The point inventory
consists of actual emissions for the base year 1987, and includes sources in
the four Ozoneville MSA counties and 100-ton sources located in the 25-mile
boundary zone.
Emissions from individual point sources are presented using two emission
rate formats: annual (tons/yr) and daily (Ibs/day) rates. Although not
specifically required, annual emission rates are provided in order to assist
the review agency in performing comparison checks against State and Regional
data bases for quality assurance purposes. In addition, the annual emission
rate notation clearly identifies point sources (>25 tons per year) subject to
detail reporting requirements. Daily emission rate values (Ibs/day) generated
from SAMS reports are used as a convenient format for summarizing individual
point source emissions. Due to their magnitudes, aggregate source category
emission summaries are presented in tables and figures in a tons per day
format.
The remainder of this section is divided into six parts. Section 2.2
describes the approach used in developing and compiling the Ozoneville point
source listing. Section 2.3 presents an overall summary of the point source
VOC, NOX, and CO emissions. Section 2.4 characterizes the MSA's VOC
emissions, and presents a detailed breakdown of contributions by source
category and facility. Section 2.5 provides a similar characterization of the
cao/004 2-1
-------
NOX and CO contributions. Section 2.6 lists the references used in preparing
this section.
2.2 METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH
This section describes the methodology and approach used in developing
information for the base year inventory. The purpose for including this
section is to provide sufficient detail to the review agency to assist them in
determinating on the adequacy of this inventory in light of the post-1987
guidelines. In addition, specific elements of the methodology and approach
are being described in order to minimize the need for post-submittal
clarifications.
Emission inventory development activities were initiated in September
1988, after receiving notification from EPA declaring the Ozoneville MSA a
nonattainment area for ozone. The approach used in compiling the point source
listing and associated data was based on guidance issued in EPA procedures
documents,1'2 and materials presented at EPA sponsored regional workshops.3
As mentioned previously, the Ozoneville Regional Planning Authority
(ORPA) was the lead Agency responsible for development of the point source
inventory. The ORPA was assisted in this effort by the Ozoneville Department
of Public Health (ODPH) and the State Department of Environmental Regulation
(DER). As a first step, an overall plan was developed to outline the planned
technical approach, and to project the required resources and schedule. This
plan was sent to the State and Regional Air Pollution Authority for approval
in September 1988. In addition, this plan contained a detailed listing of
internal quality assurance (QA) measures that would be an integral part of the
emission inventory program. As described in the plan, internal QA measures
for the point-source emission inventory were organized into four broad
categories: 1) completeness/source category coverage checks, 2) data entry
transcription checks, 3) reasonableness data range checks, and 4) consistency
checks. Key personnel not otherwise involved in the inventory effort were
assigned responsibilities in each of these areas. The following is a list
identifying each of the key personnel assigned to the internal QA program,
their area of responsibility and their specific area of expertise:
cao/004 2-2
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(1) Completeness/Source Category Coverage:
Ms. Nancy Brown, Environmental
Specialist, DER, (555)111-2244
(2) Data Entry/transcription:
Mr. John Detail, Data Analyst,
ODPH, (111)423-2121
(3) Reasonableness Data Range Checks:
Mr. Tony Jones, Environmental
Engineer/VOL Transfer and Storage,
DER, (555)111-3342
Ms. Julie Parker, Combustion
Engineer, DER, (555)111-3242
Mr. Zachery Hampton
Chemical Engineer (Organic Coating
Specialist), DER, (555)111-3299
(4) Consistency Checks:
Ms. Amy King
Planning, Public Policy Specialist,
ORPA (111)629-1129.
Details pertaining to the specific activities in each of the four QA areas
including lists of referee documents and reasonableness data ranges were
included in the planning document and will not be repeated here.
Data collection activities were initiated immediately following the EPA
sponsored regional workshop. An existing emission inventory which had been
compiled for the Ozoneville 1982 SIP submittal formed the starting point of
the overall inventory development effort. Because the current emission size
cutoff for VOC sources is substantially lower than for previous inventories,
much of the data collection activity focussed on a complete and accurate
accounting of-VOC sources. In addition, the geographical boundaries of the
existing inventory were expanded to include all MSA counties, in contrast to
the 1982 inventory which only covered sources in County C.
The overall point source inventory effort was organized into four tasks.
These were: 1) develop a comprehensive list of potential VOC, NOX, and CO
%
emitting industry/business categories, 2) identify all plants/facilities in
the MSA that fall into the potential VOC emitting categories, 3) survey
facilities to 'refine the list and categorize according to the magnitude of
cao/004 2-3
-------
emissions, and 4) evaluate data and compile detailed emission and process
information into the SIP Air Pollutant Inventory Management System (SAMS). A
brief description of the methodology and approach used to accomplish each of
these tasks is presented in the following subsections.
2.2.1 List of Potential VOC-. NO.-, and CO-emitting Source Categories
_ A
The primary purpose of this first task was to develop a detailed list of
potential categories that could be used to ensure that all sources of VOC, NOX
and CO emissions were included in the inventory. EPA guidance documents4 were
used to identify industrial categories that were potential emitters of each of
these pollutants. Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes
corresponding to each of the source categories were identified. This SIC code
list was used in the second task in combination with the existing inventory
and business directories to develop a preliminary list of affected point
sources.
2.2.2 Identification of Plant/Facility Listings
To supplement the existing point source inventory, an exhaustive list of
potential point sources was developed by matching the SIC codes and industrial
activities identified in the first task, with industries and businesses listed
in county business directories, telephone books, electronic yellow pages, and
State industrial directories.5'6 In addition, this list was compared to State
and local listings of permitted air pollution sources in order to adequately
account for sources that had only recently begun operation. The resulting
comprehensive, preliminary list was then refined by eliminating facilities
that were known to have closed or that were subsequently found to have no
local emission activities (sales offices, corporate headquarters, etc.).
2.2.3 Survey of Potential VOC. N0n. and CO Sources
Using the list developed in the second task, each of the point sources
were contacted by telephone and were administered a screening survey in order
to determine if their emission activity exceeded the 10 ton per year threshold
cao/004 2-4
-------
level for VOC, or 100 ton per year level for NOX or CO. Plants or facilities
with annual emissions less than these cut-off levels were eliminated from the
point source list and were accounted for in the area source inventory (Section
3 of this document).
Based on the screening survey, plants whose emission activity exceeded
the threshold level for any o.f the three pollutants were then sent survey
questionnaires. The questionnaires were designed to obtain the site-specific
data outlined in the EPA guidance.1'4 Follow-up telephone calls were made in
several cases to clarify responses. In addition, site visits were performed
at several facilities as part of the survey follow-up activities.
In the majority of cases, emission estimates were derived using material
balance approaches. AP-42 emission factors,7 and source test data were also
used as the basis for some base year estimates. In a few cases, information
necessary to estimate VOC emissions was not available due to lack of response
or lack of adequate recordkeeping. In all such cases, the facilities were
known to emit less than 25 tons per year, and therefore estimates for those
particular facilities were derived using a statistical approach as described
in the EPA Procedures document.2 This statistical approach was used in the
development of emission estimates for six dry cleaning facilities and three
auto body repair shops. In the case of dry cleaning, emission and employment
data collected from five facilities (45 percent of the identified MSA sources)
was used in the development of an employee-based emission factor, which was
then used to estimate emissions from six other dry cleaning facilities.
Emissions for the two auto body repair shops were derived using an identical
employee-based emission factor methodology which was based on responses from
three (60 percent of the identified MSA sources) facilities.
Appendix A of this document details the specific information obtained
from each of the surveyed point sources, and shows how the information was
used to calculate base year emission estimates.
Thirty point sources were identified in the four-county MSA and one
source in the 25-mile boundary zone. Each of the 31 sources were emitters of
VOC. Only three of these 31 point sources had emissions of CO and NOX that
exceeded the 100 ton per year threshold level. Eleven of the 31 point sources
were found to emit 25 or more tons of VOC per year. Follow-up site visits
were made to each of these 11 facilities in order to obtain operating
cao/004 2-5
-------
schedules, process rates, and other detailed site specific data required for
the post-1987 SIP submittal.
2.2.4 Data Evaluation and Compilation
The final task involved the evaluation and compilation of the collected
data. All questionnaires were checked by ORPA engineers and specialists to
ensure that the responses were reasonable and internally consistent. Although
various aspects of data evaluation had already been performed as part of the
previous task and associated follow-ups, this additional data evaluation
served as a key component of the overall quality assurance program. A more
complete discussion of this and other quality assurance activities performed
as a part of1 this emission inventory effort is included in Section 5.0 of this
document.
Another aspect of the data evaluation .task was the application of a rule
effectiveness factor for those sources currently subject to emission
limitations, and a seasonal adjustment factor for those facilities which
operated on a non-uniform schedule. A factor of 80 percent was applied to the
control device efficiency to adjust the resulting emission estimate upward to
account for rule effectiveness.2'8 The application of these factors is
explained in the emission estimate documentation summaries found in Appendix
A.
The second part of this task involved the compilation of the data into
the SAMS system developed by EPA and recommended for use in post-87 SIP
inventory submittals. The SAMS summary reports generated for each of the
Ozoneville MSA point sources are presented in Appendix A. SAMS data files are
also being submitted to EPA in the form of computer diskettes to assist the
Agency in their review and approval of this draft inventory submittal.
2.3 SUMMARY OF POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS
Thirty-one VOC point sources were identified within the Ozoneville MSA
and associated 25-mile boundary zone. Only three point sources of NOX, and CO
were identified (100 tons/year or greater). A total of 28 tons of VOC
emissions are released from point sources in the MSA each day during the ozone
cao/004 2-6
-------
season. Daily ozone season point source emissions of NOx and CO are 59 and 11
tons respectively. Of the 31 VOC sources, eleven were characterized as
emitting more than 25 tons per year. Table 2-1 lists each of the
plants/facilities included as part of the point source VOC inventory, along
with actual emissions for the 1987 base year. Table 2-2 lists the
plants/facilities that were included as part of the point source inventories
for CO and NO,.
'x-
2.4 VOC POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS
Table 2-3 contains a summary of VOC emissions by major emission-
producing activity. Emissions are presented in tons of pollutant per ozone
season day, and have been adjusted to account for seasonal variability and
rule effectiveness. The 03 season for the Ozoneville MSA is April through
October.9 For sources whose operating schedule and production rate vary
according to the season, average 03 season production values were used to
derive 03 season emissions. A seasonal adjustment factor of 0.58 (7 months/12
months) was used to reflect uniform activity throughout the year. The data
are organized into six major categories which are consistent with the
groupings outlined in the EPA Requirements document.
Figure 2-1 shows how the daily 03 season VOC emissions are apportioned
among the six major categories. Note that approximately 90 percent of the
MSA's point source emissions are attributed to three emission categories;
Storage, Transportation and Marketing of VOC (49.3 percent), Industrial
Surface Coating (20.1 percent), and Other Solvent Use (20.6 percent). Figure
2-2 shows the breakdown between controlled and uncontrolled emissions for each
of the six categories. Note that overall, approximately 38 percent of the
daily VOC emissions originate from processes or activities that have some
level of emission control. Of particular significance is the small proportion
of controlled emissions associated with the Storage, Transportation and
Marketing of VOC category. Figure 2-3 shows how the daily emissions are •
distributed according to plant size. This shows that the majority of
emissions are produced by a few large facilities thereby making control
strategies for the point source component more straightforward. Six
facilities emit more than 90 percent of the daily VOC emissions. These are
cao/004 2-7
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TABLE 2-1. SUMMARY LISTINGS OF VOC SOURCES INCLUDED IN THE
OZONEVILLE MSA INVENTORY
Plant/Facility Name
County
Emission
Size
Category*
1987
Emissions11
ftons/yr)
1987
Ozone Season
Emissions'5
(Ibs/day)
Jiffy Cleaners
Same Day Cleaners
Pinetree Metals
Bash-It Auto Body Repair
Imperial Costings
4-Day Cleaners
Bubba's Printing Co.
United Metal Works
Specialty Packaging
Paper Designs, Inc.
Twinkies Body Shop
Squeeky Cleaners
Town and City Cleaners
Friendly Power Company
Daily Gazette Publishing
Jacksonville Auto Body
Petro Excel Bulk Plant
Metal Products Inc.
Goodblimp Tire
People's Cleaners
Ozoneville Cleaners
Spotless Cleaners
A
A
A
A
A
A
L
S
S
S
L
S
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
S
S
L
L
S
S
S
L
COUNTY SUBTOTALS -
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
L
S
S
L
L
S
S
S
75
12
20
18
1,465
12
COUNTY SUBTOTALS > 1,602
10
24
39
437
13
22
16
55
616
154
15
20
43
820
12
22
482
77
155
141
8,030
78
8,963
74
210
298
3,361
96
143
104
302
COUNTY SUBTOTALS > 1,104
4,588
844
116
108
327
4,491
74
234
117
6,311
cao/004
2-8
-------
TABLE 2-1. SUMMARY LISTINGS OF VOC SOURCES INCLUDED IN THE
OZONEVILLE MSA INVENTORY (Continued)
Plant/Facility Name
County
Emission
Size
Cateqorv*
1987
Emissions1*
(tons/yr)
1987
Ozone Season
Emissions6
fibs/day)
University Publishing D
Fender-Bender Repair D
King's Auto Body Repair D
Waste Busters, Inc. D
Joes' Oil Company D
JR's Laundry & Car Wash D
Klutz Cleaning Service D
Bob's Cleaners & Used Clothing D
Static Power & Light
L
S
S
L
L
S
S
S
COUNTY SUBTOTALS - -
EE S
COUNTY SUBTOTALS
1,269
18
24
32
5,073
22
10
14
8,134
112
156
200
27,797
138
64
91
36,692
38
38
TOTALS > 9,791
56,579
*L = plants with VOC emissions equal to or greater than 25 tons/yr.
S = plants with VOC emissions less than 25 tons/yr.
lumbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
cao/004
2-9
-------
TABLE 2-2. SUMMARY OF NOX AND CO POINT SOURCES INCLUDED IN
THE OZONEVILLE MSA INVENTORY
PI ant/
Facil itv Name
Friendly Power
Light Company
Waste Busters
Static Power &
Light
County
&
B
Inc D
EE
TOTALS -
1987
NOX
Emissions
(tons/yr)
18,040
1,145
2.029
-> 21,214
1987
Ozone Season
NOX Emissions
(Ibs/dav)
98,856
7,200
11.119
117,175
1987
CO
Emissions
(tons/yr)
2,081
700
1.051
3,832
1987
Ozone Season
CO Emissions
(Ibs/dav)
11,400
4,400
5,760
21,560
cao/004
2-10
-------
TABLE 2-3. SUMMARY OF OZONEVILLE MSA POINT SOURCE VOC EMISSIONS BY MAJOR
SOURCE CATEGORIES"
Cateaorv
Storage, Transportation and
Marketing of VOC
Industrial Processes
Industrial Surface Coating
Non- Industrial Surface Coating
Other Solvent Use
Waste Disposal
Other Miscellaneous Sources
TOTALS:
1987
Emissions
(tons/yr)
5,093
818
1,901
89
1,795
0
94
9,791
1987
03 Season Emissions
ftons/day)
14.0
2.2
5.7
0.3
5.8
• o.o
0.3
28.3
'Numbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
cao/004
2-11
-------
o
o>
o
o
Storage. Transportation
& Marketing of VOC
(49.3%)
Other Solvent Use
(20.6%)
r\»
t—f
ro
Industrial
Surface Coating
(20.1%)
Other Miscellaneous
Sources
(1.0%)
Industrial Processes
(7.9%)
Non-Industrial
Surface Coating
(1.1%)
Figure 2-1. Ozoneville MSA Point Source VOC Emissions
By Category; Total = 28.3 TPD
-------
ta 10 —
0
o 17 -
o
•* 16 -
15 -
14 -
13 -
12 -
_ lj ~
* 10 -
t_
J 9 ~
& 8-
7 -
r\»
' 6 -
•^
LA>
5 -
4 -
3 -
2 -
1 -
n —
13 61
111
i
1 17
: 1
.07
I I Uncontrolled IXXX)I Controtod ! |M
A = Storage transportation & marketing of VOC i ; : ;
B = bKlustrial processes : i:
C = Industrial surface coating i ;:
D = Norvindusthal surface coating i ii
E = Other solvent use i i;
F = Other miscellaneous sources i ::
-•
$&
6.5
i'1
!511
I
I
0.
•
3l1:;
~1.,(
|| | ffij |
\\\:':'. i.72 CXXA '' ':'':-'~'
1 ml
• ;:; i;i;;i i; i;i ; i;i;i:; 17.53;
, °-15 .. o ::;;l;;ji
id:
^
m
m
AAA
vvv
M
m
666
m
m
m
xVV
88?
x»
$W
m
m
B
D
TOTAL
Figure 2-2. Distribution of Point Source VOC Emissions
By Control Status and Category
-------
o
e>
o
o
o
-pfc
ro
Legend
*10<25TPY
2:25<50TPY
&50<100TPY
( [ &100TPY
2 Plants
20 Rants
3 Plants
Figure 2-3. Distribution of Point Source VOC Emissions
By Emission Size Category; Total = 28.3 TPD
-------
Joe's Oil Company. University Publishing, Imperial Coatings, Goodblimp Tire
Manufacturing, Paper Designs, Inc. and Daily Gazette Publishing.
The following subsections discuss each of the six major emission
categories contributing to the Ozoneville MSA point source inventory.
Detailed information including emission factors, activity levels,
operating schedules, control equipment and control efficiencies for individual
plants contributing to each category is provided in Appendix A of this
document.
2.4.1 Storage, Transportation and Marketing of VOC
Point source VOC emissions from activities in this source category total
14.0 tons per 03 season day. These emissions originate from three main
operations: bulk gasoline terminals, gasoline bulk plants, and storage of
volatile organic liquids. Other operations which are considered as part of
the Storage, Transportation, and Marketing of VOC emission category occur in
the MSA but are inventoried as area sources. These include service station
activities such as tank truck unloading, vehicle refueling, tank breathing
losses, and tank trucks in transit. These are discussed in Section 3 of this
document.
The five point source facilities contributing to the VOC Storage,
Transportation, and Marketing category emissions are listed in Table 2-4,
along with a brief description of the emission producing processes and a
breakdown of their control status. As seen from the table, essentially all of
this category's emissions are from Joes' Oil Company which operates a bulk
gasoline terminal in County D. Breathing and working losses from the
facility's 10 fixed-roof gasoline storage tanks are the primary sources.
2.4.2 Industrial Processes
Industrial processes contribute 2.2 tons of VOC per 03 season day to the
MSA airshed. All emissions originate from the manufacture of rubber tires.
Goodblimp Tire Manufacturing Company is located in County C and is the only
point source contributing to the Industrial Processes category. Several tire
manufacturing activities and processes contribute to the VOC emissions from
cao/004 2-15
-------
§ TABLE 2-4. VOC EMISSIONS FROM STORAGE TRANSPORTATION AND MARKETING OF VOLATILE ORGANICS:
^ OZONEVILLE MSA POINT SOURCES
o
Plant Name County
Imperial Coatings A
Imperial Coatings A
Paper Designs, Inc. B
7* Paper Designs, Inc. B
H~*
m Goodblimp Tire Mfg. C
Petro Excel Bulk Plant C
Petro Excel Bulk Plant C
Joes' Oil Company D
Joes' Oil Company D
1987
Emission Ozone Season
Size Emissions
Category" Emission Activity (lbs/day)b
L Tank Breathing-fixed Roof
L Tank Working Losses-Fixed Roof
L Tank Breathing-Fixed Roof
L Tank Working Losses-Fixed Roof
L Tank Breathing & Working-Fixed
S Loading Losses
S Tank Breathing & Working-Fixed
L Loading Losses
L Tank Breathing & Working-Fixed
TOTALS >
0.8
5.9
0.6
3.4
11.0
2.5
84.9
595.2
27,202.0
27,906.3
1987 Annual
Emissions
(tons/yr)b
0.1
1.1
0.1
0.4
2.0
0.5
15.5
108.6
4,964.4
5,092.6
Control
Status0
U
U
U
U
U
C
C
C
U
"L = plants with VOC emissions equal to or greater than 25 tons/yr.
S = plants with VOC emissions less than 25 tons/yr.
bNumbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
CU = uncontrolled
C = controlled
-------
the plant. Table 2-5 presents a breakdown of the contribution of each process
and the control status. Detailed process specific information for the
Goodblimp Tire Manufacturing facility is included in Appendix A.3.
2.4.3 Industrial Surface Coating
The Industrial Surface Coating source category contributes 5.7 tons of
VOC emissions per 03 season day. Emissions originate from two facilities,
Imperial Coatings Inc., a fabric coating facility located in County A, and
Paper Designs, Inc., a manufacturer of decorative paper located in County B.
Table 2-6 contains a summary of the emissions and control status of each of
these facilities. Detailed process-specific information for Imperial
Coatings, Inc., and Paper Designs, Inc., is included in Appendix A.I and A.2,
respectively.
2.4.4 Non-Industrial Surface Coating
The Non-Industrial Surface Coating source category contributes 0.3 tons
of VOC emissions per 03 season day. All emissions included in the point
source originate from auto refinishing activities. Five facilities were
identified as point sources and are listed in Table 2-7. Other Non-Industrial
Surface Coating activities such as architectural coating are addressed in the
area source component of the inventory.
2.4.5 Other Solvent Use
Facilities grouped into this category contribute a total of 5.8 tons of
VOC emissions-per 03 season day. These emissions come from three main
operation types: solvent metal cleaning, dry cleaning, and graphic arts
printing. The point source facilities and emissions from each of these
operation types are listed in Table 2-8.
cao/004 2-17
-------
o
(u
O
O
-P.
TABLE 2.5. VOC EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES: OZONEVILLE MSA POINT SOURCES
ro
i
»—«
00
Plant Name
Goodblimp Tire Mfg
Goodblimp Tire Mfg
Goodblimp Tire Mfg
Goodblimp Tire Mfg
Goodblimp Tire Mfg
Goodblimp Tire Mfg
Goodblimp Tire Mfg
Goodblimp Tire Mfg
i
County
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
Emission
Size
Category8
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
L
Emissions Activity
Green Tire Spray
Undertread Cement
Tread End Cement
Bead Dipping
Molding & Curing
Sidewall Cementing
Tire Building
Tire Finishing
TOTALS >
1987
Ozone Season
Emissions
(lbs/day)b
929.0
973.0
153.6
83.8
156.0
1,260.0
876.0
48.0
4,479.4
1987 Annual
Emissions
(tons/yr)b
169.5
177.6
28.0
15.3
28.5
230.0
159.9
8.8
817.5
Control
Status0
C
C
C
C
U
U
U
U
8L = plants with VOC emissions equal to or greater than 25 tons/yr.
bNumbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
CU = uncontrolled
C = controlled
-------
o
CM
o
o
o
TABLE 2-6. VOC EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING: OZONEVILLE MSA POINT SOURCES
UD
Plant Name
Imperial Coatings
Imperial Coatings
Imperial Coatings
Paper Designs, Inc.
Paper Designs, Inc.
Paper Designs, Inc.
County
A
A
A
B
B
B
Emissions
Size
Category8
L
L
L
L
L
L
Emission Activity
Coating Lines
Equipment Cleanup
Mixing
Paper Coating-Coating
Equipment Cleanup
Coating Mixing
TOTALS >
1987
Ozone Season
Emissions
(lbs/day)b
6,871.2
792.0
360.0
Lines 2,213.4
584.0
560.0
11,380.6
1987 Annual
Emissions
(tons/yr)b
1,254.0
145.0
66.0
287.7
75.9
72.8
1,901.4
Control
Status0
C
C
C
C
U
U
aL = plants with VOC emissions equal to or greater than 25 tons/yr.
bNumbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
CU = uncontrolled
C = controlled
-------
n
(U
o
o
o
4^
TABLE 2-7. VOC
Plant Name County
Bash- It Auto
Body Shop A
^ Twinkles Body Shop B
o
Jacksonville Auto
Body C
King's Auto Body
Repair D
Fender-Bender Repair D
EMISSIONS FROM NON- INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING: OZONEVILLE
(
Emissions
Size
Category" Emission Activity
S Painting
S Auto Painting
S Auto Painting
S Auto Painting
S Auto Painting
TOTALS >
1987
Ozone Season
Emissions
(lbs/day)b
140.5
96.3
115.7
163.3
112.4
628.2
MSA POINT SOURCES
1987 Annual
Emissions Control
(tons/yr)b Status0
18.3 U
12.5 U
15.0 U
25.5 U
17.5 U
88.8
"S = plants with VOC emissions less than 25 tons/yr.
bNumbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
CU = uncontrolled
-------
o
0>
O
CD
O
TABLE 2-8. VOC EMISSIONS FROM OTHER SOLVENT USE: OZONEVILLE MSA POINT SOURCES
ro
ro
t
Plant Name County
Pinetree Metals
Jiffy Cleaners
Same Day Cleaners
Four-Day Cleaners
Squeeky Cleaners
Town and City Cleaners
United Metal Workers
Bubba's Printing
Daily Gazette Publ Co.
Metal Products Inc.
Ozoneville Cleaners
Spotless Cleaners
People's Cleaners
University Publishing
JR's Laundry & Car Wash
Bob's Clners & Used Clo
Klutz Cleaning Service
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
1987
Emission Ozone Season
Size Emissions
Category" Emission Activity (lbs/day)b
S
L
S
S
S
S
S
S
L
L
L
S
S
L
L
S
S
Degreasing Open Top
Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning
Degreasing-Conveyorized
Printing-Solv. Consumption
Printing-Solv. Consumption
Degreasing Open Top
Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning
Printing
Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning
Dry cleaning
TOTALS >
155.0
481.9
77.0
78.0
143.0
104.0
237.7
74.0
843.8
327.0
243.5
117.3
73.7
8,134.0
400.0
91.2
64.0
11,645.1
1987 Annual
Emissions
(tons/yr)b
20.2
75.2
12.0
12.2
22.3
16.2
63.4
9.6
154.0
42.5
22.0
18.3
11.5
1,269.0
22.0
14.2
10.0
1,794.58
Control
Status0
U
U
U
U
U
U
U
C
U
U
U
U
U
C
U
U
U
*L = plants with VOC emissions equal to or greater than 25 tons/yr.
S = plants with VOC emissions less than 25 tons/yr.
bNumbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
CU = uncontrolled
C = controlled
-------
2.4.6 Other Miscellaneous Sources
The three point sources that are included in this category contribute an
estimated 0.3 tons of VOC per 03 season day. These sources include two coal-
fired electric utility plants and a municipal waste incinerator. A listing of
these facilities, their base year emissions, and control status is contained
in Table 2-9.
2.5 NOX AND CO POINT SOURCE EMISSIONS
Numerous small sources of NOX and CO were identified during the
inventory development stage primarily being attributed to industrial/
commercial and institutional boilers. Only three point sources emit NOX and
CO in quantities large enough to be counted in the point source inventory
(>100 tons/year). These three combustion sources are listed in Table 2-10.
03 season daily NOX and CO emissions from these facilities are estimated at
59, and 11 tons per day respectively. As seen in-the table, the Friendly
Power Company located in County B is the source of over 80 percent of the
MSA's daily NOX emissions, and over 50 percent of the area's CO emissions.
cao/004 2-22
-------
o
o>
o
o
r\>
i
ro
CO
TABLE 2-9. VOC EMISSIONS FROM OTHER MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES:
r
Emission
Size
Plant Name County Category* Emission Activity
Friendly Power Co. B S Coal Combustion/Elect Util.
Waste Busters, Inc. D L Municipal Waste Incineration
Static Po,wer & Light E 1 Coal Combustion/Elect. Util.
TOTALS >
OZONEVILLE MSA
1987
Ozone Season
Emissions
(lbs/day)b
302.0
200.0
37.8
539.8
POINT SOURCES
1987 Annual
Emissions Control
(tons/yr)b Status0
55.0 U
31.8 U
7.0 U
93.8
"L = plants with VOC emissions equal to or greater than 25 tons/yr.
S = plants with VOC emissions less than 25 tons/yr.
bNumbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
°U = uncontrolled
-------
o
(u
O
O
O
ro
TABLE 2-10. SUMMARY OF OZONEVILLE MSA POINT SOURCE NO. AND CO EMISSIONS
NO.. EMISSIONS'
Plant Name County
Friendly Power Co. B
Waste Busters, Inc. D
Static Power & Light EE
Emission Activity
Coal Combust/Elect Util
Municipal Waste Inciner
Coal Combust/Elect Util
TOTALS >
1987
Ozone Season
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
98,846
7,200
11.119
117,165
1987
Annual
Emissions
(tons/yr)
18,039
2,029
1,314
21,382
CO EMISSIONS'
1987
Ozone Season
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
11,400
4,400
5,760
21,560
1987
Annual
Emissions
(tons/yr)
2,081
1,051
803
3,935
"Numbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
-------
2.6 REFERENCES FOR SECTION 2
1. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Emission Inventory Requirements
for Post-1987 Ozone State Implementation Plans. EPA-450/4-88-019.
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina. December 1988.
2. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Procedures for the Preparation
of Emission Inventories for Precursors of Ozone: Volume I. Third
Edition. EPA-450/4-88-021. Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards, Monitoring and Reports Branch, Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina. December 1988.
3. Regional Workshop for Ozone and Carbon Monoxide State Implementation
Plan Emission Inventory Development. Sponsored by EPA Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards, Atlanta, Georgia. October 19-20, 1988.
4. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Development of Questionnaires
for Various Emission Inventory Uses. EPA-450/3-78-122. Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
March 1978.
5. State Department of Commerce. 1987-1988 Directory of Manufacturing
Firms. 1987.
6. American Directory Publishing Company. 1988-1989 Business Directory
Compiled from Yellow Page Listings. 1988.
7. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant
Emission Factors, Volume I: Stationary Point and Area Sources. Fourth
Edition. AP-42. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina. September 1985.
8. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Procedures for Estimating and
Applying Rule Effectiveness in Post-1987 Base Year Emission Inventories
for Ozone and Carbon Monoxide SIPs. Air Quality Management Division,
Ozone and Carbon Monoxide Programs Branch, Policy Development Section,
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina. June 1989.
9. 40 CFR Part 58, Appendix D.
cao/004 2-25
-------
3.0 AREA SOURCES
3.1 INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
This section documents the development of the Post-1987 area source
emission inventory for reactive volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of
nitrogen (NOJ and carbon monoxide (CO) for the Ozoneville MSA. Area sources
include nonhighway mobile and stationary sources that are too small or too
numerous to be treated individually as point sources. Table 3-1 lists the
categories of area source VOC, NOX and CO emissions included in the Ozoneville
analysis. Highway vehicle sources are discussed in Section 4.0. The
emissions in the area source inventory documented here are typical of those
occurring on a weekday during the summer ozone season. The base year of the
inventory is 1987.
This section is organized into six subsections. Section 3.2 describes
the general approach taken to estimate emissions from each source. Section
3.3 presents the quality assurance activities. Section 3.4 summarizes the
contribution from each area source described in this document. The nature and
derivation of emissions from each area source category are detailed in Section
3.5. Additional data, equations, assumptions, etc. to further document the
derivation of Ozoneville area source emissions are provided in Appendix B.
Finally, Section 3.6 lists references used in developing the inventory.
Several documents provided basic guidance for the development of the
area source emission inventory. The first two are Procedures for the
Preparation of Emission Inventories for Precursors of Ozone: Volume I (EPA-
450/4-88-021),1 referred to as the EPA Procedures Document, and Emission
Inventory Requirements for Post-1987 Ozone State Implementation Plans (EPA-
450/4-88-019).2 Emission factors were generally taken from Compilation of Air
Pollutant Emission Factors (Including Supplements 1-10) (AP-42),3 referred to
as AP-42. Nonreactive VOC were excluded from the inventory based primarily on
data in Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Species Data Manual, Second Edition,
(EPA-450/4-80-015),4 and the revised edition, Air Emissions Species Manual
Volume I. Volatile Organic Compound Species Profiles (EPA-450/2-88-003a) .5
Additional references are listed in the sections in which they were used.
cao/005 3-1
-------
TABLE 3-1. AREA SOURCES INCLUDED IN THE OZONZVILLE MSA EMISSIONS INVENTORY
A. GASOLIHE AHD DIESEL DISTRIBUTION LOSSES
Gasoline marketing
Diesel marketing
B. SOLVEET EVAPORATIC*
Dry cleaning
Degreasing
Surface coating
Graphic Arts
Cutback Asphalt Paving
Roofing
Pesticide application
Commercial/consumer
solvent use
Service station—gasoline tank truck transit losses
Service station—tank truck unloading
Service stations-vehicle refueling
Service station--underground storage tanks
Service station--diesel tank truck transit losses
Service station--tank truck unloading
Service station—vehicle refueling
Service station—underground storage tanks
Coin-operated laundries /
Dry cleaning plants, except rug cleaning /•
Industrial laundries \
Cold cleaners j
Conveyorized units '.
Open top vapor units (
Architectural type
Automobile reflnlshlng
BEDS: AREA
SOORCZ CODE
054
079
078
082
083
080
101
Agricultural use
Honagricultural use
Aerosol products
Household products
Laundry treatment
Moth control
Non-industrial adhesives
Polishes and waxes
Rubbing compounds
Space deodorant
Toiletries
Windshield washing
C. HASTE MAKAGZMEJJT PRACTICES
Publicly-owned treatment works
Industrial wastewater On-site processing
095
Hazardous waste treatment,
storage and disposal
Municipal landfills
Solid waste burning
Solvent reclamation
Incineration—industrial
Open burning
100
109
024, 025, 026
D. SMALL STATICBART SOORCZ FOSSIL AID OTHER FUEL CCHBOSTIOB
Small fuel combustion
Commercial/Institutional—anthracite coal
Commercial/Institutional—bituminous coal
Commercial/Institutional—distillate fuel oil
Commercial/Institutional—natural gas
Commercial/Institutional—wood
Industrial—bituminous coal
Industrial—distillate fuel oil
Industrial--natural gas
Industrial—wood/bark
007
008
009
Oil
012
014
016
018
019
cao/005
3-2
-------
TABLE 3-1. (Continued)
SEES: AREA
SOURCE CODE
Residential—bituminous coal 002
Residential—distillate fu«l oil 003
Residential—natural gas 005
Residential—wood 006
K. OTHER
Commercial bakeries 105
Miscellaneous combustion Forest fires 060
Slash burning and prescribed burning 061
Agricultural burning 062
Structure fires 064
Orchard heaters 063
Grass fires
Trash fires
Vehicle fires
Leaking underground storage tanks
F. EOEHIGaWAY tCBILE SOCRCES
Nonhighway mobile Aircraft--commercial 048
Aircraft—general aviation 047
Aircraft—military . 046
Aircraft--non-FAA traffic controlled towers 056
Marine vessels—recreational with inboard motor
Marine vessels—recreational with outboard motor
Other—construction equipment 057
Other—farm equipment: baler
Other--farm equipment: combine
Other--farm equipment: cotton pickers
Other—farm equipment: harvester
Other--farm equipment: tractors
Other--industrial equipment: heavy duty
Other—Industrial equipment: light duty
Other—lawn and garden equipment
Other—motorcycles
Railroad locomotives 045
cao/005 3-3
-------
3.2 METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH
3.2.1 Source Category Identification
The majority of area source categories considered during the development
of the inventory were identified from the EPA Procedures Document. Some of
the recommended categories did not apply such as ocean going vessels because
the Ozoneville MSA has no coastline nor inland port, and orchard heaters and
snowmobiles were excluded because of the area's mild climate. However,
several categories not included in EPA's list were also addressed as emission
sources in the Ozoneville MSA: diesel marketing, adhesives used in roofing,
commercial bakeries, and small airports that are not under Federal Aviation
Administra- tion (FAA) control towers.
3.2.2 Emission Estimation Approach
In general, one of four emission factor-based emission estimations
approaches was used to calculate Ozoneville area source emissions: (1) per-
capita emission factors, (2) commodity consumption-related emission factors,
(3) level-of-activity-based emission factors, and (4) employment-related
emission factors. Where emission factors were not provided by AP-42 or did
not appear in other available references such as the Criteria Pollutant
Emission Factors for the 1985 NAPAP Emissions Inventory (NAPAP) document,6 an
emission factor was developed. These cases are described in further detail in
the corresponding discussion in Section 3.5.
One adjustment was made to VOC emission factors that included all
hydrocarbons.- Using the VOC Species Data Manuals to provide estimates of the
reactive VOC fraction, these VOC emission factors were multiplied by the
reactive fraction before calculating emissions. The value of the reactive
fraction used appears in the source discussion in Section 3.5. All emission
factors shown in tables throughout this section represent reactive VOC.
Commodity or activity level data to use with the emission factors, or
multipliers, were primarily available on a national level. Furthermore, few
cao/005 3-4
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could be found for the base year. A number of adjustments were therefore
necessary before emissions could be estimated. To derive county estimates
from national data, ratios of population, households, and employment were
typically used (see Table 1-1). Extrapolating to the base year was most often
achieved by calculating annual growth rates from data for previous years.
Applying these growth rates to the available data allowed estimation of the
values for the base year. Other growth rate information for specific area
source categories was obtained from published reference material. Wherever
possible MSA-specific information was used.
One additional consideration in estimating annual emissions was the
impact of existing regulations. For source categories subject to these
regulations, a rule effectiveness factor of 80 percent was applied.
Once annual emissions had been estimated, the emissions were apportioned
to the ozone season by making a number of assumptions about the activity of
the source, first during the months of the ozone season, then during the weeks
in the ozone season. Daily emissions are equal to:
annual emissions x fraction of activity occurring
(tons) in the ozone season
Number of days during the ozone season
over which activity occurs
where the seasonal adjustment factor, is calculated as follows:
SAP = (Peak Ozone Season Activity) (12 months)
(annual activity) (Peak Ozone Season months = 7)
The EPA Procedures Document provided some of the seasonal adjustment
factors but many of the assumptions about activity were based on some
familiarity with typical practices in the MSA. Table 3-2 summarizes the
emission estimation and apportionment approaches taken with each area source
included in this inventory.
cao/005 3-5
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TABLE 3-2. SUMMARY OF THE ESTIMATION PROCEDURES FOR AREA SOURCES
Source Description
GASOLINE AND DIESEL MARKETING
Gasoline: Truck transit
Truck unloading
Refueling
Storage tanks
Diesel : Truck transit
Truck unloading
Refueling
Storage tanks
JO' '.TV? EVAPORATION
Dry cleaning
Degreaaing
Surface coating: architectural
autobody refinishing
Graphic arts
Cutback asphalt paving
Roofing
Pesticides: agricultural
nonagricultural
Commercial/ Consumer use
WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
POTWs
Industrial vastevater
HWTSDFs
Landfills
Solid Waste Burning:
Incineration- -Indus trial
Open burning
SMALL FOSSIL AND OTHER FUEL COMBUSTION
Commercial /Institutional
Industrial
Residential
OTHE.K
Commercial bakeries
Miscellaneous combustion
Leaking underground storage tanks
Estimation
Approach*
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1.*
1,2
1
2
1
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
3
4
Seasonal
Adjustment
Factor
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
1.3
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
1.3
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
0.35
Uniform
0.18
Uniform
Uniform
Uniform
Weekly
Activity
(days /week)
6
6
7
7
6
6
7
7
5
6
7
5
6
5
5
6
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
7
7
6
7
7
cao/005
3-6
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TABLE 3-2. (Continued)
Source Description
HOHHIGHWAY MOBILE SOURCES
Aircraft
Marine vessels
Construction equipment
Farm equipment
Industrial equipment
Lavn and garden
Motorcycles
Railroad locomotives
Estimation
Approach*
4
3
*
4
4
4
4
3
Seasonal
Adjustment
Factor
Uniform
1.1
1.3
1.1
Uniform
1.3
1.3
Uniform
Weekly
Activity
(days /week)
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
al - per capita emission factor.
2 - employment-related emissions factor.
3 « commodity-consumption-related emission factor.
4 - level-of-activity-based emission factor.
cao/005
3-7
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3.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE MEASURES
The first issue in quality assurance (QA) was that of developing a
complete list of area sources. The EPA Procedures Document was the primary
reference used in preparing the list for the Ozoneville MSA. Next, measures
to ensure valid emission estimates were adopted using guidance provided by the
EPA QA document for Post-1987 SIP emission inventories.7 Since many are based
on AP-42 factors or factors given in the Procedures Document, sources of error
would primarily be associated with the multiplier values and the accuracy of
emission calculations. The former required a number of techniques. These
included evaluating the multiplier values or the emission estimates to be
reasonable or calculating emissions through different means for purposes of
comparison. The accuracy was addressed by performing independent checks of
the calculations.
One example of evaluating the reasonableness of emission estimates was
to use industrial directories to determine the number of establishments in
operation in a particular service category. Dividing this number into the
estimated emissions gave an emissions-per-establishment value. Using EPA
emission factors average activity levels or process throughput estimates were
derived from the calculated emissions-per-establishment values. The resulting
activity levels were screened for the purpose of identifying apparent data
outliers (unreasonable values). For example, during our initial screening the
average gasoline throughput per service station was determined to be 450
gallons per year. Since this quantity corresponded to just over one gallon
per day per station we quickly flagged the gasoline marketing calculations for
detailed re-evaluation. As a result, we identified that the emissions were
off by a factor of 1000 and correct average daily throughput should be on the
order of 450,000 gallons per year or 1230 gallons per day. Similar exercises
were performed to evaluate estimates for the dry cleaning, graphic arts,
autobody refinishing, aircraft, and construction equipment categories.
3.4 SUMMARY OF AREA SOURCE EMISSIONS
Table 3-3 provides a summary of the inventory results showing each of
the six major categories of area sources. Both annual and daily emissions are
cao/005 3-8
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Source
Gasoline and Diesel Marketing '
Gasoline
Diesel
TABLE 3-3
VOC
ton/yr
7,937.39
1.03
SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM AREA SOURCES
Emissions NOx Emission-.,
Ibs/day ton/yr lt>s/day
46,082.5 NA* NA
6.1 NA NA
CO Emissions
ton/yr Ibs/day
NA NA
NA NA
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
7,938.42
46,088.6
CO
I
Stationary Source Solvent Evaporation
Dry cleaning
Degreaslng
Architectural type
Automobile reflnlshlng
Graphic arts
Cutback asphalt paving
Roofing
Pesticides
Commercial/consumer solvent use
SUBTOTAL
Less Point Source
Contribution
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
Waste Management Practices
Publicly-owned treatment works
Industrial wastewater
Hazardous waste treatment,
storage and disposal
Municipal landfills
Solid waste burning
35,
2,
1,
4,
45,
45,
2,
626.
332.
948.
785.
512.
107.
122.
212.
038.
687.
460.
226.
343.
0.
47.
311.
318.
46
83
94
68
86
09
31
25
77
19
4
79
20
03
32
64
55
4
220
20
13
3
1
21
287
3
283
1
1
12
,688.
,355.
,656.
,363.
,198.
802.
915.
,722.
,589.
,292.
,295.
,996.
,834.
0.
253.
,665.
,394.
4
,3
2
7
5
5
i 4
3
7
0
5
5
.6
1
,0
.9
.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.13
NA
NA
1.13
0
1 .13
NA
NA
NA
NA
496.24
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
8.5
NA
NA
8.5
0
8.5
NA
NA
NA
HA
2,652 (>
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
0.15
NA
NA
0.15
0
0.15
NA
NA
NA
NA
6.589.53
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1.1
NA
NA
1.1
0
1 .1
NA
NA
NA
NA
35,225.1
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
3,020.74
16,147.6
496.24
2,652.6
6,589.53
35,225.1
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TABLE 3-3. (Continued)
Source
VOC Emissions
ton/yr Lbs/day
NOx Emissions
ton/yc Lbs/day
CO Emissions
ton/yr Ibs/day
I
t—•
O
Small Fossil and Other Fuel Combustion
Commercial /Institutional
Industrial
Residential
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
Other
Commercial bakeries
Miscellaneous combustion
Leaking underground storage tanks
33.
87.
64.
IBS.
367.
385.
572.
92
13
24
29
34
59
40
127.7
465.8
106.6
700.1
2,291.0
2,061.3
3.059.9
640.
3,602.
1,212.
5,454.
00
68
00
68
2,408
19,258
2,010
23,677
NA
139.
NA
84
.6
.5
.7
.8
NA
747.5
NA
128.
853.
242.
1,224.
NA
6,911
NA
00
77
40
17
.49
481
4,563
402.
5,447.
NA
36,946.
NA
7
9
1
.7
2
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
MonhlRhway Mobile Sources
Aircraft
Marine vessels
Other—construction equipment
Other--farm equipment
Other—Industrial equipment
Other—lawn and garden equipment
Other—motorcycles
Railroad locomotives
SUBCATEGORY TOTAL
TOTAL
1,325.33
1,557.34
3,086.21
6,379.57
131.04
1,003.85
2,978.69
82.30
463.13
15.682.13
73,378.70
7.412.2
8,325.0
24,625.4
45,862.3
1,062.8
5,366.2
20,864.6
523.4
2.475.8
109.105.5
463,450.4
139.84
2,343.79
42.58
37,033.93
271.15
6,254.86
70.09
8.44
1,862.59
47.887.43
53,979.32
747.5
12,528.0
345.6
266,234.7
2,199.2
33,435.6
490.9
53.7
9.956.6
325.244.3
352,330.7
6,911.49
5,993.38
10,329.22
86,772.93
1,705.41
13,616.46
7,884.77
358.72
654.43
127.315.32
141,659.74
36,946.2
32,038.4
83,776.2
623,805.4
13,831 9
72,787.9
55,229.8
2,281.3
3.498.2
887,249.1
964,869.2
*NA means not applicable.
-------
given; daily emissions include adjustments for activity during the 03 season.
Inherent in the estimation procedure for area source emissions are the point
source contribution; therefore, these are subtracted to prevent double-
counting.
For the Ozoneville MSA, the highest contributions to VOC emissions are
stationary source solvent evaporation, which account for 61 percent of the
total, and construction equipment, which constitutes 24 percent of the total.
These are depicted graphically in Figure 3-1. Also seen in Figure 3-1 is the
contribution of the individual stationary sources with degreasing being the
highest at 77 percent.
Similar figures are given for NOX and CO (Figure 3-2 and 3-3) in which
nonhighway mobile sources are the largest category. Within the nonhighway
mobile source category, construction equipment is the major contributor to
both types of pollutants at 82 and 70 percent, respectively. Fuel combustion
sources, significant sources of NOX and CO, are not as important during the
ozone season because much of the fuel use is for heating, a wintertime
activity.
A summary of the area source inventory by county is provided in Appendix
C along with summaries of the point and mobile source inventories.
3.5 DISCUSSION OF THE AREA SOURCE CATEGORIES
As Table 3-1 shows, each of the six major area source categories is
comprised of a number of area source types. Sections 3.5.1 through 3.5.6
describe each of the major categories and include a number of subsections that
correspond to the individual source types. Details to supplement emission
estimation procedures are provided in Appendix B.
3.5.1 Gasoline And Diesel Distribution
Four subcategories involving gasoline distribution losses were
inventoried as area sources: (1) underground tank breathing and working
losses, (2) tank truck unloading, (3) vehicle refueling, and (4) tank truck
transit. The EPA Procedures Document recommends evaluating gasoline
distribution losses by these subcategories to facilitate subsequent control
strategy estimates. Other distribution activities such as tank farms and bulk
cao/005 3-11
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o
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O
O
O
cn
Area Source VOC Emissions
Total = 232 tons/clay
Gasoline & Diesel Marketing (9.94%)
u>
i
Stationary Source Solvent Evaporation (61.28%)
Stationary Source Solvent Evaporation
Total = 142 tons/day
Degreasing (77.35%)
Small Fuel Combustion Sources (0.15%)
Other (1.60%)
Waste Management Practices (3.48%)
Nonhlghway Mobile Sources (23.54%)
Archritectual Surface Coatings (7.27%)
Automotive Refinishing (4.48%)
Graphic Arts (1.00%)
Dry Cleaning (1.09%)
Cutback Asphalt Paving (0.28%)
Roofing (0.32%)
Pesticides (0.61%)
Commercial/Consumer Solvent Use (7.60%)x
Figure 3-1. Ozoneville MSA Area Source VOC Emissions By Category
-------
o
f»
o
o
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Area Source NOx Emissions
Total = 176 tons/day"
Nonhighway Mobile Sources (92.31%)
CO
i
Nonhighway Mobile Sources
Total = 163 tons/day
Construction Equipment (81.86%)
Waste Management Practices (0.75%)
Small Fuel Combustion Sources (6.72%)
Agriculture Equipment (0.68%)
Industrial Equipment (10.28%)
Lawn & Garden Equipment (0.15%)
Motorcycles (0.02%)
"Excludes gasoline and dlesel marketing and stationary source solvent evaporation
Marine Vessels (0.11%)
Aircraft (3.85%)
Locomotives (3.06%)
Figure 3-2. Ozoneville MSA Area Source NOx Emissions By Category
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o
o
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01
Area Source CO Emissions
Total = 481 Ions/day8
Nonhlghway Mobile Sources (92.24%)
Waste Management Practices (3.35%)
Small Fuel Combustion Sources (0.57%)
Nonhighway Mobile Sources
Total = 448 tons/day
Construction Equipment (70.31%)
Agriculture Equipment (1.56%)
Industrial Equipment (8.20%)
Lawn & Garden Equipment (6.22%)
Motorcycles (0.26%)
Marine Vessels (9.44%)
Aircraft (3.61%)
Locomotives (0.39%)
'Excludes gasoline and dlesel marketing and stationary source solvent evaporation
Figure 3-3. Ozoneville MSA Area Source CO Emissions By Category
-------
plants that are also potential emission sources are included in the point
source inventory. Storage tank breathing losses are evaporative emissions
resulting from fluctuations in ambient temperature and pressure. Working
losses are a result of displacement of vapor present in the distribution lines
(i.e., lines between the underground storage tanks and fuel dispensing pumps).
Similarly, emissions from storage tank filling and vehicle refueling
activities are a result of vapor displacement. In addition, emission
estimates for the vehicle refueling operation include factors to account for
fuel spillage such as pre-fill and post-fill nozzle drip, spit back and
overflow. Truck transit losses are estimates of the vaporization losses that
occur during gasoline and diesel transport to the service stations.
Tables 3-4 and 3-5 present a summary of the estimated area source
emissions associated with gasoline and diesel distribution activities. All
emissions are considered to be reactive VOC. Estimates of storage tank
breathing and working losses, vehicle refueling spillage and evaporation and
tank truck transit losses for gasoline are based on emission factors from
AP-42.8 Overall, gasoline marketing accounted for 10 percent (23 tons/day) of
VOC emissions during the ozone season, the third highest contributor in the
inventory.
The emission factor for storage tank filling was calculated from an API
equation in AP-42 using MSA-specific data: an RVP of 10.8 psia and a bulk fuel
temperature of 70°F-9 The calculations are shown in Appendix B (B.I.). Also,
assumptions about fueling practices were made. A random telephone survey of
50 service stations revealed that 30 percent of the service stations in the
study area are equipped for submerged filling while the remaining 70 percent
employ splash filling. No service stations employed balance submerged filling
(Stage I vapor recovery) in 1987.
AP-42 provides emission factors for losses from tank trucks in transit,
both loaded and unloaded, under typical and extreme loss conditions. In the
absence of specific information, the higher values were used for emissions
estimation. Only those transferring fuel to service stations are included in
the emissions estimate. Transfer at bulk plants and terminals are included in
estimates for the point source inventory.
Emission factors to estimate emissions from diesel marketing were
unavailable. Therefore, gasoline emission factors were adjusted by the ratio
cao/005 3-15
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n
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County
A
B
CO
~ c
D
TOTAL
TABLE 3-4.
I
Multiplier
(103 gal)
198,108
91,188
179,712
134,856
SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM
Weighted VOC
Emission Factor
(lbs/103 gal)
26.29
26.29
26.29
26.29
GASOLINE MARKETING
Annual VOC
Emissions
(tons/yr)
2,604.13
1,198.67
2,362.31
1,772.68
7,937.79
Daily VOC
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
15,118.2
6,958.8
13,714.3
10,291.2
46,082.5
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TABLE 3-5.
i
Multiplier
County (103 gal)
A 1,734
B 775
^ C 1,623
^ D 1,157
TOTAL
SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS
Weighted VOC
Emission Factor
(lbs/103 gal)
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
FROM DIESEL MARKETING
Annual VOC
Emissions
(tons/yr)
0.338
0.151
0.316
0.226
1.031
Daily VOC
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
2.0
0.9
1.9
1.3
6.1
-------
of the vapor pressures, dieselrgasoline, and used to estimate diesel
emissions. The emission factor derivation procedure is shown in Appendix B,
B.2.
The State Bureau of Liquid Fuels Taxation was contacted to obtain 1987
gasoline and diesel sales data.10 Sales data was available by county and
included both taxable and non-taxable gasoline sales. The Bureau of Liquid
Fuels Taxation could not provide data on seasonal variations in fuel sales,
however. Data from Highway Statistics 1986 was used to determine whether a
seasonal scaling factor was needed.11 Sales throughout the State during the
ozone season did not differ significantly from other times of the year;
therefore no adjustment was needed. Although these data are specific to 1986,
fuel sales in 1987 were assumed to be the same as in 1986.
Additional assumptions about activity were needed to derive daily
emissions from annual totals. In calculating daily emissions for a typical
summer day, assumptions about service station activities were necessary.
First, sales during the ozone season were assumed to be uniform year-round.
Furthermore, service stations were assumed to operate seven days per week.
Fuel delivery, however, was expected to occur six days per week. Finally,
storage tank emissions occur seven days per week.
3.5.2 Stationary Source Solvent Evaporation
Eight subcategories are included in this area source type. All emit VOC
because of their use of solvents. They are:
e dry cleaning,
e degreasing,
t surface coating,
t graphic arts,
t cutback asphalt paving,
t roofing,
t pesticide applications, and
• commercial/consumer solvent use.
cao/005 3-18
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Each of the subcategories is discussed individually in the following
subsections. Some can be further divided to better characterize emissions.
For example, surface coating includes auto body refinishing and architectural
surface coating. The individual source types that comprise each subcategory
are identified in their respective sections.
This area source category is the largest contributor to the Ozoneville
VOC inventory resulting in 61 percent, or 142 tons per day, of emissions. A
summary of the individual contributions to the solvent evaporation area source
type is provided in Table 3-3. This table lists each source and its
associated annual and typical summer day emissions. All solvent emissions
were assumed to be 100 percent reactive; therefore, no adjustment of the
emission factors was needed.
3.5.2.1 Dry Cleaning. The dry cleaning industry may be described by the
three categories of services offered: coin-operated laundries offering dry
cleaning; dry cleaning plants, except rug cleaning; and industrial laundries.
These correspond to Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Codes 7215, 7216,
and 7218, respectively.
Dry cleaning is a process involving the use of organic solvents--
petroleum-based solvents (blends of paraffinic, naphthanic, and aromatic
compounds) and chlorinated hydrocarbons—but primarily tetrachloroethylene
(perchloroethylene). The major source of emissions is the hot air tumble
process of drying solvent-soaked garments. Unless controlled, total emissions
are approximately equal to the volume of solvent used.
Typically, both point and area sources contribute to the source category
emissions with point sources generally limited to industrial laundries because
of their size and emissions potential. Emissions from point sources would
therefore be Subtracted from the estimated area source total to avoid double
counting; however, no point sources of this type were identified in the
Ozoneville MSA. The resulting total was 2.3 tons of VOC emissions per day
during the ozone season.
The EPA Procedures Document gives two alternatives for commercial and
coin-operated dry cleaners: the use of a survey and emission factors. For
industrial launderers, contact with the facilities is recommended because
their use of solvent has not been well-character!zed. Alternatively, the
cao/005 3-19
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large facilities will be included in the point source inventory and the
smaller ones can be assumed to be included in estimates for the commercial
plants. The latter was followed for this inventory.
To estimate emissions from commercial and coin-operated dry cleaners, a
survey was conducted in County A for the calendar year 1986.12 A brief survey
form was developed to obtain the following information: the amount and type
of cleaning solvent used; the number of employees; the quarterly throughput;
and the type of control device, if used. The questionnaire achieved an 80
percent response and accounted for 75 percent of the employees in the 7215 and
7216 SIC Codes for the county as reported in County Business Patterns 1985.13
Emissions for County A were calculated using the survey data and the
assumption 'from AP-42 that all solvent input to dry-cleaning operations is
eventually evaporated to the atmosphere, so that the emission factor is 2,000
Ibs VOC/ton solvent used. From the survey, the emissions from commercial and
coin-operated plants totaled 120 tons of perchloroethylene and 52 tons of
petroleum solvents. Data obtained during the survey were used as the basis
for extrapolating emission estimates for sources that did not respond to the
survey. The emissions from commercial and coin-operated plants were scaled up
in the following manner:
Nonreported = Reported Emissions x Total - Reported
Emissions Reported Employment Employment Emissions
= 172 tons x 370 employees - 172 tons
311 employees
= 33 tons
For lack of better data, the nonreported emissions were also assumed to be 70
percent .perchloroethylene, 30 percent petroleum solvents (i.e., the same ratio
as for the reported emissions).
The results of the survey were used to develop an emission-per-employee
emission factor that applied to the surrounding counties. For perchloro-
ethylene use, the factor is 0.39 tons VOC per employee; for petroleum solvents
use the emission factor is 0.14 tons VOC per employee. Multiplying these
emission factors by employment for SIC Codes 7215 and 7216 for each county,
emissions from dry cleaning were estimated. All the data are provided in
cao/005 3-20
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Table 3-6, including annual and daily emission estimates.
The daily emissions shown in Table 3-6 have been derived from the annual
estimates assuming no increased activity during the ozone season and five days
per week of operation.
3.5.2.2 Decreasing. Solvent degreasing is a physical method of removing
grease, wax, or dirt from metal, glass, and fabric surfaces by exposing the
material to an organic solvent. Frequently, degreasing activity is one of
many production steps associated with industries in SIC Codes 25 and 33
through 39. These SICs include industrial categories such as metal furniture,
primary metals, fabricated products, machinery, electric equipment, and
instrumentation. In addition, there are many miscellaneous degreasing
operations associated with auto repair shops, gasoline stations, and
maintenance shops.
The types of degreasing performed in the United States falls into four
categories: cold cleaning, open top vapor degreasing, conveyorized vapor
degreasing, and fabric scouring. Fabric scouring is a degreasing technique
that is unique to the textile industry and is specifically covered in the
point source inventory.
Cold cleaning operations involve using organic solvents as room
temperature liquids. Uses include wiping, spraying, or dipping of parts in a
solvent for cleaning purposes. In open top vapor degreasing, cleaning takes
place by exposing the part to solvent vapor. Conveyorized vapor degreasing
entails the same activity as open top degreasing except that the parts to be
cleaned continuously move in and out of the degreaser.
The estimated 110 tons of solvent evaporated per day makes degreasing
the highest subcategory in the Ozoneville VOC inventory. This represents 77
percent of the solvent evaporation source category. Table 3-7 presents a
summary of the emissions associated with degreasing operations. The subtotal
includes the point source contribution which is subtracted out to avoid
double-counting. Also shown in the table are the data used in deriving these
estimates. A per capita emission factor from the EPA Procedures Document was
used to estimate cold cleaning emissions.
Emission factors for open top vapor and conveyorized degreasers,
{however, were developed from information available from three permitted
cao/005 3-21
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TABLE 3-6.
f
Employment in
7215 and 7216
County SIC Codes
A 370
B 263
CO
1
*» C 352
D "197
SUBTOTAL
Less Point
Source Contribution
TOTAL
SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS
Type of
Cleaning Solvent
Petroleum
Perchloroethylene
Petroleum
Perchloroethylene
Petroleum
Perchloroethylene
Petroleum
Perchloroethylene
FROM DRY CLEANING'
VOC
Emission Factor
(tons/employee)
0.14
0.39
0.14
0.39
0.14
0.39
0.14
0.39
FACILITIES
Annual
VOC Emissions
(tons/yr)
51.80
144.30
36.82
102.57
49.28
137.28
27.58
76.83
626.46
236.1
390.36
Daily
VOC Emissions
(Ibs/day)
387.7
1,079.9
275.6
767.6
368.8
1,027.4
206.4
575.0
4,688.4
1,603.2
3,085.2
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TABLE 3-7. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM DECREASING OPERATIONS
Facility Multiplier
County Type Values
A
B
C
D
W
i
Cold Cleaners 407,497
Open Top Vapor ) 14,265
Conveyorlzed (
Cold Cleaners 205,259
Open Top Vapor ) 8,210
Conveyorlzed (
Cold Cleaners 368,314
Open Top Vapor ) 13,812
Conveyorlzed j
Cold Cleaners 301,077
Open Top Vapor ) 11,441
Multiplier Value of
Units the Emission Factor
Persons
No. of employees
In SICs 25, 33-39
Persons
No. of employees
In SICs 25, 33-39
Persons
No. of employees
In SICs 25, 33-39
Persons
No. of employees
3.0
0.7
3.0
0.7
3.0
0.7
3.0
0.7
Annual
Emission Factor VOC Emissions
* Units (tons/year)
Ibs/caplta 611.25
tons/employee 9,985.50
Ibs/caplta 307.89
tons/employee 5,747.00
Ibs/caplta 552.47
tons/employee 9,668.40
Ibs/caplta 451.62
tons/employee 8.008.70
Dally
VOC Emissions
(Ibs/day)
3,812.1
62,275.2
1,920.2
35,841.5
3445.5
60,297.5
2816.6
49,946.7
ro
Conveyorlzed I
SUBTOTAL
Less Point Source
Contribution
TOTAL
In SICs 25, 33-39
35,332.83
87.1
35,245.73
220,355.3
692.0
219,663.3
'Emission factor for cold cleaners taken from the EPA Procedures Document. The one for open top vapor and Conveyorlzed degreasers was derived from
data on three point source.
-------
sources. From point source data for the open top vapor degreaser, an
employee-based emission factor was derived by dividing the number of employees
at the facility (18 at Facility A, 75 at Facility B) into the emissions (20.2
tons per year at Facility A and 42.5 tons per year at Facility B) resulting
from the degreasing operation: 1.12 tons per employee and 0.57 tons per
employee per year, respectively. One conveyorized degreasing operation was
permitted. For 24.4 tons of annual emissions and 65 employees, the emission
factor is 0.38 tons per employee per year.
Because information on the percent of industry using open-top vapor
degreasers and conveyorised degreasers was not available and because of the
similarities in the two operations, an average of the emission factors was
used. An estimate of the total number of employees in the pertinent SICs for
each County was taken from Census Bureau data. An average annual growth of
2.06 percent determined from 1983-1985 Census Bureau data for the State was
applied to the 1985 value to derive a 1987 value.14
In calculating the daily emissions shown in Table 3-7, degreasing
activity was considered to be uniform throughout the year. Facilities
involved in degreasing were assumed to operate six days per week.
3.5.2.3 Surface Coating. Industrial surface coating operations are primarily
included in the point source inventory. However, there are two important
emissions sources in surface coating that are treated as area sources:
architectural surface coating and auto body refinishing. Both processes
involve the use of solvent-based coatings which generate VOC emissions during
application and drying as the solvent evaporates. A third source is the
evaporation of solvent associated with its use in cleanup activities.
Architectural surface coatings are paints, stains, varnishes, or other
protective and decorative coatings sold through wholesale and retail outlets.
Auto body refinishing is the repainting of automobiles, light-duty trucks, and
other vehicles, excluding coating during original manufacture.
A summary of the data used to calculate emissions and the resulting
estimates appear in Table 3-8. A number of auto body shops are included in
the point source inventory, therefore, their emissions contribution was
subtracted to avoid double-counting. Combined, architectural surface coating
cao/005 3-24
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Facility Multiplier
County Type Value
A Autobody Reflnlshlng 264
B Autobody Reflnlshlng 111
C Autobody Reflnlshlng 132
D Autobody Reflnlshlng 193
SUBTOTAL
A Architectural Surface
CO Coating 407,497
I
^ B Architectural Surface
Coating 205, 259
C Architectural Surface
Coating 368,314
0 Architectural Surface
Coating 301,077
SUBTOTAL
Less Point Source
Contribution"5
TOTAL
3-8. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM SURFACE COATING
Value of the
Multiplier VOC Emission
Units Factor
No. of employees 2.6
In SICS 7531, 7535
No. of employees 2.6
In SICS 7531, 7535
No. of employees 2.6
In SICS 7531, 7535
No. of employees 2.6
In SICS 7531, 7535
Persons 4.6
Persons 4 . 6
Persons 4 .6
Persons 4.6
Annual
Emission Factor VOC Emissions
Units (tons/yr)
tons/employee 686.40
tons/employee 288.60
tons /employee 308.88*
tons/employee 501.80
1,785.68
Ibs/capUa 937.24
Ibs/caplta 472.10
Ibs/caplta 847.12
Ibs/caplta 692.48
2948.94
628.2
4,645.82
Dally
VOC Emissions
(Ibs/day)
5,136.9
2,159.8
2,311.6*
3,755.4
13,363.7
6,565.0
3,306.9
5,933.8
4,850.5
20,656.2
88.8
33,391.7
'includes emissions reduction due to local regulation requirement.
''From Autobody Shops.
-------
and automotive refinishing are the second highest VOC subcategory,
contributing about 12 percent (17 tons/day during the ozone season) to the
solvent evaporation source category.
The most accurate method of inventorying VOC emissions from the
application of architectural surface coatings is to obtain sales and
distribution data from local wholesale and retail suppliers of solventborne
paints, varnishes, and other coatings. Due to manpower and budget
constraints, this method was not feasible. Instead, the national average
factor of 4.6 pounds of VOC emission per capita per year in the EPA Procedures
Document was used.
Two alternative methods are given in the EPA Procedures Document for
estimating emissions from automobile refinishing. One method is to apply a
factor of 2.6 tons per/employee per year to the number of employees in SIC
Codes 7531 and 7535. The second, preferred method is to collect local data.
Again, for reasons of limited resources, the former was used to estimate
emissions.
A local regulation in County C-requires all auto body shops opened after
1981 to achieve a 50 percent reduction of their VOC emissions. Rule
penetration is about 25 percent since eight facilities of the 33 in operation
in the County are subject to the regulation. For these eight, a rule
effectiveness factor of 80 percent was applied. Assuming that the new
facilities also employ 25 percent of population working at auto body shops, 33
of the 132 employees in the County13 work at newer facilities, 99 at the older
ones. Emissions therefore are:
[33 employees x 2.6 tons/employee x (1-(0.5 x 0.8))] +
[99 employees x 2.6 tons/employee] = 308.88 tons/year
In developing daily emission estimates, auto body shops were assumed to
operate uniformly throughout the year, five days per week. Architectural
surface coating activity, however, increases during warmer weather with
75 percent of the activity occurring from May 1 to September 30. Assuming
some painting takes place in October, the last month of the ozone season, the
seasonable adjustment factor used was 0.76. Weekly activity is assumed to
occur seven days per week.
cao/005 3-26
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3.5.2.4 Graphic Arts. The graphic arts industry, SIC Code 27, includes
flexography, lithography, letterpress, rotogravure, and screen and spray
painting. Solvent use is an integral part of the process and is the primary
source of VOC emissions. Associated cleanup operations also require the use
of solvent, thereby contributing to VOC emissions from the industry. Although
emissions from graphic arts are accounted for in the point source inventory,
numerous small facilities (i.e. < 10 tpy) are not adequately represented.
Therefore, for inventory purposes the graphic arts industry is considered to
have both a point and area contribution.
Table 3-9 provides information used to estimate both total annual
-missions and typical summer day emissions for this source type. The emission
factor shown was developed by the EPA and applies only to facilities that emit
less than 100 tons of VOC per year. Larger graphic arts facilities have been
included in the point source inventory. However, for those point sources
releasing less than 100 tons per year of emissions, an adjustment to the area
source total was made to avoid double-counting. No additional assumptions,
references, or example calculations were necessary for this source category.
Emissions from graphic arts as an area source therefore is less than two tons
per day during the ozone season.
Assumptions used to calculate daily emissions reflect activities
representative of the smaller facilities that the emission factor would
include. No variations in schedule during the ozone season was expected and
typical operations were assumed to run six days per week.
3.5.2.5 Cutback Asphalt Paving. Cutback asphalt is a type of liquefied road
surface that is prepared by blending or "cutting back" asphalt cement with
various kinds of petroleum distillates. Cutback asphalt is used as a pavement
sealant, tack~coat, and as a bonding agent between layers of paving material.
Volatile organic compounds are emitted as the cutback asphalt cures and as the
petroleum distillates evaporate.
Table 3-10 provides the data used in emissions estimation along with the
resulting emissions. Because of the nature of the operation, all emissions
are considered to be an area source. The EPA Procedures Document included
mixing plants as an emission source; however, no mixing plants are located in
the MSA.
cao/005 3-27
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County
A
B
C
D
CO
00
TABLE 3-9.
Subcategqry
Graphic Arts
Graphic Arts
Graphic Arts
Graphic Arts
SUBTOTAL
Less Point Source
Contribution
SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM GRAPHIC ARTS
Multiplier
(Persons)
407,497
205,259
368,314
301,077
Emission Factor
(Ibs/capita)
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
FACILITIES
Annual
VOC Emissions
(tons/yr)
163.00
82.10
147.33
120.43
512.86
48.4
Daily
VOC Emissions
(Ibs/day)
1,016.6
512.0
918.8
751.1
3,198.5
372.1
TOTAL
464.46
2,826.4
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TABLE 3-10.
County Subcategory
A Paving
B Paving
C Paving
CO
^ D Paving
TOTAL
SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS
Multiplier
(tons cutback asphalt)
137.5
79.8
126.8
121.5
FROM CUTBACK ASPHALT
Emission Factor
(tons/ton material)
0.23
0.23
0.23
0.23
PAVING OPERATIONS
Annual
VOC Emissions
(tons/yr)
31.63
18.35
29.16
27.95
107.09
Daily
VOC Emissions
(Ibs/day)
237.7
137.4
218.2
209.2
802.5
-------
Since no emission factor was available, emissions were estimated from
information provided in the EPA Procedures Document and by the Asphalt
Institute in College Park, Maryland.15 The use of cutback asphalt in each
county was derived from an estimate for the State published by the Asphalt
Institute.16 State usage was apportioned to the county level by assuming the
ratio of paved roads, County:State, was proportional to paving activities.
This ratio was determined from data provided by the District Office of the
State Department of Transportation.17 For County A, paved roads are 1.55
percent of the State's total; in County B, 0.90 percent; County C, 1.43
percent, and County D, 1.37 percent. Calculation sheets in Appendix B (B.3.)
outline the emission factor derivation procedures. The emission factor that
appears in Table 3-10 was derived from the total estimated emissions for the
State and the quantity of cutback asphalt materials used state-wide. For the
Ozoneville MSA, emissions during the ozone season were estimated to be less
than one ton per day.
Although the EPA Procedures Document indicates no activity by this
industry during the ozone season, paving was assumed to be done throughout the
year since the Ozoneville MSA has a mild.climate. Furthermore, as a routine
highway maintenance type of activity, cutback asphalt paving is assumed to
occur five days per week.
3.5.2.6 Roofing Operations. Three types of roofing operations are generally
practiced: built-up membrane systems, polymer-modified bitumen membrane
systems, and single-ply rubber membrane systems. In the built-up membrane
system, asphalt and coal tar are the bitumens in use. The roofing process
requires heating the bitumen to a molten state and applying it between layers
of roofing felt. Upon cooling, the bitumens applied fuse the layers together.
Polymer-modified bitumen membranes are bitumen membranes that contain polymers
such as styrene-butadiene which improve membrane properties. Although a
number of installment techniques may be used, torch application is more
common. A propane torch is used to heat a modified asphalt coating on the
membrane surface and fusing of the layers takes place as the materials
cool.18'19
Unlike the bitumen-based membrane, single-ply rubber membrane systems do
not rely on the fusion of bitumen and membrane layers. Instead, sealants and
cao/005 3-30
-------
adhesives are used to join and attach the roofing material. Three different
means of holding the single-ply rubber membrane in place are the ballasted
system, the mechanical system, and the adhered system. The ballasted system
requires ballast, generally rounded stone; the mechanical system involves
fasteners; and the adhered system uses adhesive.18'19
As emission sources, built-up membrane systems and torch-applied
modified bitumen systems are much smaller sources of VOC than the single-ply
rubber membrane systems. This is because emissions result from fuel
combustion, liquified petroleum gas (LPG) and kerosene, rather than solvent
evaporation. As a high boiling point petroleum distillate, few additional VOC
?re expected from heating the asphalt material itself. Conversely, single-ply
rubber membrane systems are not sources of CO and NOX because of the solvent
use.
A summary of the information used to estimate roofing emissions is given
in Tables 3-11, 3-12, and 3-13. The fuel combustion emission factors were
primarily taken from AP-42,20 with one other reference used.6 Estimates of
national average fuel use for each system were provided by the National
Roofing Contractors Association.19 The emission factor for the single-ply
rubber membrane system was calculated from the estimated emissions and the
number of gallons of-solvent-containing material used in the four counties by
this type of system. The primary source for information was the National
Roofing Contractors Association. Additional county-specific information was
gathered by contacting local contractors.21'22 This included percent use of
each system and application technique and types of fuels used. All the data
collected are presented and incorporated in the emissions estimation
calculations in Appendix B (B.4.). As an emissions source, roofing activities
contribute less than half a ton per day of VOC and even smaller quantities of
NOX and CO, lass than 10 pounds per day total.
The seasonal adjustment factor used in deriving daily emissions assumed
uniform activity during the year by this industry. Furthermore, standard
hours of operation, five days per week, were assumed.
cao/005 3-31
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TABLE 3-11. SUMMARY OF VOC EMISSIONS FROM ROOFING OPERATIONS
Multiplier
County System Value
i
A - Built up membrane
Torch- applied modified bitumen membrane0
Single-ply membrane
27
8
5
14
.6
.2
.8
.8
VOC Emission
Units of Factor '
the Multiplier (lbs/103 gal)
10'
10*
io>
103
gal
gal
gal
gal
LPG
kerosene
propane
solvent-
0.
1.
0.
5,236
5".
X3b
5a
Annual
VOC Emissions
(tons/yr)
0
0
0
38
.014
.0046
.0015
.75
Dally
VOC Emissions
(Ibs/day)
0
0
0
290
.105
.035
.011
.0
containing materials
B - Built up membrane
- Torch-applied modified bitumen membrane6
Single-ply membrane
14
4
3
7
.0
.1
.0
.5
used
io3
io3
10'
IO3
gal
gal
gal
B»l
LPG
kerosene
propane
solvent-
0.
1.
0.
5,236
5a
13b
5a
0
0
0
19
.0035
.0023
.0008
.63
0
0
0
146
.026
.017
.006
.95
containing material!
C - Built up membrane
Torch-applied modified bitumen membrane0
Single-ply membrane
23
7
5
12
.8
.0
.0
.8
used
io3
io3
io3
IO3
gal
gal
gal
g»l
LPG
kerosene
propane
solvent-
0.
1.
0.
5,236
3'.
13b
5a
0
0
0
33
.0060
.0040
.0013
.51
0
0
0
250
.045
.030
.009
.79
containing materials
D - Built up membrane
Torch-applied modified bitumen membrane0
Single-ply membrane
9
6
4
11
.0
.4
.6
.6
used
IO3
io3
IO3
IO3
•
gal
gal
gal
gal
LPG
kerosene
propane
solvent-
0.
1.
0.
5,236
3'.
13b
5»
0
0
0
30
.0023
.0036
.0012
.37
0
0
0
227
.017
.027
.009
.28
containing materials
used.
TOTAL
122.31
915.4
"Emission factors taken from AP-42
Emission factor taken from Reference 6.
cEmission factor Is for LPG.
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i
CO
County System
A . - Built up membrane
Torch-applied modified
B - Built up membrane
- Torch-applied modified
C - Built up membrane
- Torch-applied modified
D - Built up membrane
Torch-applied modified
TOTAL
TAUI.E 3-12. SUMMARV OF
Multiplier
Value
27.6
8.2
bitumen membrane0 5.8
14.0
4.1
bitumen membrane0 3.0
23.8
7.0
bitumen membrane0 5.0
9.0
6.4
bitumen membrane 4.6
NOX EMISSIONS FROM ROOFING OPERATIONS
Units of
the Multiplier
IO3 gal LPG
IO3 gal kerosene
10 gal propane
IO3 gal LPG
10 gal kerosene
10 gal propane
IO3 gal LPG
10 gal kerosene
IO3 gal propane
IO3 gal LPG
10 gal kerosene
IO3 gal propane
NO Emission
Factor
(lbs/103 gal)
9>1b
55. Ob
9.1a
55!ob
9.'l*
9.1'
55. Ob
9.Ja
55. Ob
9.1a
Annual
NOX Emissions
(tons/yr)
0.126
0.226
0.026
0.064
0.113
0.014
0.108
0.193
0.023
0.041
0.176
0.021
1.13
Dally
NO Emissions
(Ibs/day)
0.94
1.69
0.20
0.48
0.84
0.10
0.81
1.44
0.17
0.31
1.32
0.16
8.5
"Emission factors taken from AP-42
Emission factor taken from Reference 6.
c£mlssion factor is for LPG.
-------
o
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C71 TAIIl.E 3-13.
County System '
A - Built up membrane
Torch-applied modified bitumen membrane0
B - Built up membrane
Torch-applied modified bitumen membrane0
C - Built up membrane
Torch-applied modified bitumen membrane0
D - Built up membrane
CO
I - Torch-applied modified bitumen membrane
CO
* TOTAL
SUMMARY OF CO EMISSIONS FROM ROOFING OPERATIONS
Multiplier
Value
27.6
8.2
5.8
14.0
4.1
3.0
23.8
7.0
5.0
9.0
6.4
4.6
Units of
the Multiplier
IO3 gal LPG
10 gal kerosene
10 gal propane
IO3 gal LPG
10 gal kerosene
10 gal propane
IO3 gal LPG
10 gal kerosene
10 gal propane
IO3 gal LPG
10 gal kerosene
10 gal propane
CO Emission
Factor
(lbs/103 gal)
1.9*
5.0b
1.9* <•
1.9*
5.0b
1.9*
1.9*
5.0b
1.9*
1.9"
5.0b
1.9*
Annual
CO Emissions
(tons/yr)
0.026
0.021
0.006
0.013
0.010
0.003
0.023
0.018
0.005
0.005
0.016
0.15
Dally
CO Emissions
(Ibs/day)
0.20
0.15
0.04
0.10
0.08
0.02
0.17
0.13
0.04
0.06
0.12
1.1
'Emission factors taken from AP-42
Emission factor taken from Reference 6.
cEmlsslon factor la for LPC.
-------
3.5.2.7 Pesticide Application. As described in this document, the pesticide
category includes both organic pesticides and herbicides. Inorganic
pesticides are excluded because they contain no organic fraction. This source
category broadly includes any substances used to kill or retard the growth of
insects, rodents, fungi, weeds, or microorganisms. The three basic categories
are synthetics, nonsynthetics (petroleum products), and inorganics.
Formulations are often a combination of synthetic materials, the
toxicologically active ingredient, and petroleum products, the toxicologically
inert ingredient. Both components have a reactive VOC fraction which
evaporates upon application. Some direct application of petroleum products is
P'"cticed, also resulting in evaporative emissions.
Pesticide use in the counties is predominantly agriculturally related.
Other uses include those by municipal programs; highway, utilities and
railroad maintenance; and exterminators. Pesticides use in homes and gardens
is included in the commercial/consumer solvent use source type, Section
3.5.2.8.
The EPA Procedures Document suggests a crude estimation procedure of
multiplying the annual organic pesticide use by a factor of 0.9 to calculate
emissions. A data-intensive procedure was also referenced, however, use of
the factor was chosen because of resource limitations. Estimates of organic
pesticide use in agriculture for 1987 was supplied by the Ozoneville
Agricultural Extension Service.23 These are listed in Table 3-14 for each
county, as well as emission estimates.
For nonagricultural pesticide use, estimates of pesticide use were
collected by contacting a number of local county agencies and other users. The
results are summarized in Table 3-14. For municipal pesticides use, the
Ozoneville Department of Public Health, Vector Control Section, supplied a
1986 figure for County C. No significant change in use between 1986 and 1987
was assumed. No other municipalities are located in the four-county area.
Pesticides use associated with highways maintenance was provided by the
Ozoneville Department of Transportation, Highway Maintenance Division.24
Although given a 1985 number, use was reported to be the same from year to
year.
The primary electrical utility, Friendly Power and Light Company, was
contacted for their estimated pesticide use in 1987.25 Because emissions from
cao/005 3.35
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TAIII.E 3-14. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM PESTICIDE APPLICATION
County
A
B
C
D
SUBTOTAL
A
B
C
D
SUBTOTAL
TOTAL
Use
t
Agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture
Agriculture
Nonagrlculture
- Municipal
- Highway
- Utilities
- Railroad
- Exterminators
Nonagrlculture
- Highway
- Utilities
- Railroad
- Exterminators
Nonagrlculture
- Highway
- Utilities
- Railroad
- Exterminators
Nonagrlculture
- Highway
- Utilities
- Railroad
- Exterminators
Multiplier
(tons pesticide applied)
63
42
30
81
0.09
0.9
0.5
0.08
5.1
0.6
0.3
0.04
2.7
o.a
0.4
0.06
4.0
0.7
0.4
0.07
3.1
VOC
Emission Factor
(ton/ton applied)
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.9
Annual
VOC Emissions
(toiu/yr)
56.7
37.8
27.0
72.9
194.4
0.08
0.81
0.45
0.07
4.59
0.54
0.27
0.04
2.43
0.72
0.36
0.05
3.60
0.63
0 36
0.06
2.79
17.85
212.25
Dally
VOC Emissions
(Ibs/day)
463.35
308.90
220.65
595.74
1,588.64
0.61
6.06
3.37
0.54
34.35
4.04
2.02
0.27
18.19
5.39
2.69
0.40
26.94
4.71
2.69
0.47
20.88
133.62
1,722.3
-------
nonagricultural pesticide use is small related to emissions from agricultural
uses, no adjustment to include other utilities was made. Similarly, for
pesticide use associated with railroad maintenance, only the major railroad
company, Atlantic Railroad, was contacted.26
To estimate pesticide use by exterminators, two local companies that
service the four county area were contacted.27'28 Each provided company use
data for the four counties, which were then summed.
Emissions from agriculture pesticide use accounts for 92 percent (0.8
tons/day) of the emissions from pesticide use but pesticides overall
contribute less than one ton per day to the Ozoneville VOC inventory.
Both types of pesticide uses show some seasonal dependence with higher
uses occurring during the ozone season. In estimating daily emissions from
agricultural pesticide use, a seasonal adjustment factor of 0.76 is applied
based on discussions with the Ozoneville Agricultural Extension Service.23
For nonagricullural uses, over 75 percent of application is done by
exterminators, year-round. Information on when the remaining 25 percent is
used is less specific. Because a large proportion is used uniformly and the
source size overall is small, a seasonal adjustment factor of 0.58 was
assigned. Weekly activity for agricultural and nonagricultural pesticide use
was assumed to be six days per week and five days per week, respectively.
3.5.2.8 Commercial/Consumer Solvent Use. Many commercial/consumer products
in common use contain VOC. Some examples are household and automobile
cleaners and polishes. These products have varying VOC content and the
quantities used are difficult to estimate; therefore, the resulting VOC
emissions are considered to be an area source.
The emission estimates were calculated from the per capita emission
factor given in the EPA Procedures Document which includes ten commercial and
consumer solvent uses. The ten are aerosol products, household products,
laundry treatment products, products used for moth control, non-industrial
adhesives, polishes and waxes, rubbing compounds, space deodorants, toiletries
and windshield washing products. The emission factor is based on national
estimates of solvent use that are associated with the use of these products.36
Table 3-15 also provides the estimated emissions by county, annual and daily
during the ozone season, as well as a total for the subcategory of 10.8 tons
cao/005 3.37
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TABLE 3-15. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM COMMERCIAL/CONSUMER SOLVENT USE
County
A
B
C
D
TOTAL
Multiplier
(Persons)
407,497
205,259
368,314
301,077
Emission Factor
(Ibs/capita)
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
Annual
VOC Emissions
(tons/yr)
1,283.62
646.57
1,160.19
948.39
4,038.77
Daily
VOC Emissions
(Ibs/day)
6,861.7
3,456.3
6,201.9
5069.8
21,589.7
cao/005
3-38
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per day. This represents over a seven percent contribution to the solvent
evaporation source category which is the third highest in the category.
For purposes of allocating annual emissions to the ozone season, uniform
use was assumed throughout the year. Furthermore, emissions were assumed to
occur seven days per week.
3.5.3 Waste Management Practices
The handling and management of solid and liquid waste depends on such
factors as the type of waste generated and the form and composition of the
waste. Typical management practices for aqueous waste include treatment by
publicly-owned treatment works (POTWs) and treatment using on-site facilities.
The latter is more commonly found at industrial facilities which generate a
sufficient volume of wastewater to warrant such practices. For more
concentrated liquid wastes and hazardous liquid waste, treatment, storage, and
disposal facilities (TSDFs) may be used. Methods of solid waste disposal
include municipal landfills, combustion, and TSDFs.
Information supplied by the State Department of Environmental Regulation
(DER) for the Ozoneville MSA on the number of source types included the type
of waste management facilities in the Ozoneville MSA. One industrial
; wastewater treatment facility was identified in the MSA, as well as one TSDF
(a solvent reclamation processor), four landfills (three of which are closed),
S and two solid waste incinerators, one of which is included in the point source
4 inventory. Each type of waste handling is discussed in the following
subsections.
Volatile organic compound emissions from waste treatment depend both on
the volatile organic content of the waste and the treatment method. Since
these parameters vary from facility to facility, the best estimates would be
obtained through an examination of specific practices. Due to the overall
lack of information at this level of detail, some general assumptions were
necessary. Each subsection provides a description and summary of the
assumptions used in each emission estimation procedure.
Volatile organic compound emissions are summarized in Table 3-16.
j Accounting for 3.5 percent (8 tons per day) of the Ozoneville inventory,
i approximately 73 percent is generated by open burning in County A. The second
cao/005 3.39
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o
PL*
0
CD
0
cn
County Source
A POTUs
Industrial Uastewater
Landfills
Solid Uaste Combustion:
Industrial Incineration
open burning
SUBTOTAL
C POTWs
Solid Waste Combustion:
-open burning
SUBTOTAL
OJ
J_ Db TSDFs
O
Landfills
SUBTOTAL
TOTAL
TABLE
Value of the
Multiplier
' 2,050
0.5
9.5
27,10*
146,069
4,190
5,790
1,300
11.7
3-16. SUMMARY OF VOC EMISSIONS FROM WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Multiplier
Units
106 gals/ Industrial ww
discharged to a POTU
ID6
gals/ww processed
10 tons waste
tons waste burned
tons waste burned
106 gals/ Industrial ww
discharged
tons waste burned
tons solvent processed
10 tons waste
Value of the
Emission Factor
0.055
0.055
14.7
3
30
0.055
30
0.13
14.7
Emlssl
on Factor
Units
tons/106
tons/106
tons/106
gals ww discharged
gals ww processed
tons waste
Ibs/ton waste burned
Ibs/ton waste burned
tons/106
tons / ton
tons/106
ww discharged
solvent processed
tons waste
Annual
Erolss Ions
(tons/yr)
112.75
0.03
139.65
40.66
2.191.04
2,484.12
230.45
86.85
317.30
47.32°
171,99
219.31
3,020.73
Dally
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
602.7
0.1
746.5
217.3
11,712.4
13,279.0
1,231.9
464.3
1,696.2
253. Oc
919.4
1.172.4
16,147.6
'Only open burning at Industrial facilities Is allowed by the County.
The County prohibits open burning by any sector.
clncludes emission reduction due to State regulation requirement.
-------
highest source is the POTWs in Counties A and C which releases 0.9 tons per
day (11 percent). Table 3-17 contains NOX and CO data for emissions from
solid waste Table 3-15 combustion only, as no other waste management
activities in the MSA generate NOX and CO. Emissions totaled 1.3 tons of NOX
per day and 17.6 tons of CO per day. This is primarily attributable to open
burning in County A which burns almost 150,000 tons annually.
In estimating daily emissions during the ozone season, waste treatment
and disposal activities were assumed to be uniform and to show no seasonal
dependance. Therefore, a seasonal adjustment factor of 0.58 was applied to
annual emissions. Typically, operations at these facilities were expected to
continue seven days per week; this was used to calculate daily emission rates.
3.5.3.1 Publicly Owned Treatment Works. Wastewater treatment processes at
publicly-owned treatment works are grouped into three categories: primary,
secondary, and tertiary. Primary treatment processes include bar screens,.
grit chambers, and primary clarifiers. Secondary treatment processes include
biological systems such as activated sludge systems, trickling filters, or
biological towers. Tertiary treatment processes, such as filtration units,
biological nitrification systems, and activated carbon beds, can be used to
remove materials remaining after secondary treatment.
Emissions from a particular POTW depend on the waste streams received
and the treatment processes used. The major source of VOC emissions is
believed to be industrial discharges, although stormwater runoff and
residential discharges are also thought to be lesser yet quantifiable
contributors. Emissions result from the volatilization of VOC as the
wastewater passes through the POTW treatment processes, especially during
aeration processes associated with secondary treatment.
Table 3;16 contains information used to estimate emissions in addition
to the resulting estimated annual and daily totals. During the ozone season,
the two POTWs release 0.3 tons per day (County A) and 0.6 tons per day (County
D). The source for the emission factor was the EPA Procedures Document; the
gallons of industrial wastewater processed by POTWs in County A and C was
supplied by the DER.29 According to the DER, few industrial facilities
process their own wastewater; this subset is discussed later in the section on
industrial wastewater.
cao/005 3-41
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r>
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on
TABLE 3-17.
SUMMARY OF NOX AND CO EMISSIONS FROM S01.ID WASTE COMBUSTION
County
A
C
TOTAL
Combustion
Method
Industrial Incineration
Open burning*
Open burning
Value of
Multiplier
(tons waste
burned)
27,104
146,069
5,790
NOX Emission
Factor
(Lbs/tons
waste burned)
3
6
6
CO Emission
Factor
(Ibs/tons
waste burned)
10
85
85
Annual
NO Emissions
(tons/yr)
40.66
438.21
17.37
496.24
Annua 1
CO Emissions
(tons/yr)
135.52
6,207.93
246.08
6,589.53
Dally NOX
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
217.33
2,342.49
92.85
2,652.6
Dally CO
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
724.44
33,185.26
1,315.42
35,225.1
'Only open burning at industrial facilities Is allowed by the County.
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3.5.3.2 Industrial Wastewater. Industrial wastewater generally passes
through a series of collection and treatment units similar to those used at
POTWs before being discharged from a facility. The general scheme used to
collect and treat process wastewater varies from facility to facility and
depends on factors such as the pollutants contained in the wastewater streams
leaving different process areas, the flow rate of these streams, the general
equipment layout in the process area, the terrain around the facility, and the
age of the facility.
Many collection and treatment units in industrial wastewater treatment
systems are open to the atmosphere and allow organic-laden wastewaters to
contact ambient air. Atmospheric VOC emissions occur as the organic
pollutants volatilize from the wastewater. Wastewater collection components
that may be sources of emissions include: drains, junction boxes, lift
stations, manholes, trenches, weirs, sumps, and surface impoundments.
Wastewater treatment units that may be sources of emissions include: oil-
water separators; equalization or neutralization basins; clarifiers, aeration
basins; pH adjustment tanks; and flocculation tanks. The magnitude of
emissions depends greatly on many factors such as the physical properties of
the pollutants, the temperature of the wastewater, and the design of the
individual collection and treatment units.30
According to information provided by the State DER, only one facility in
the four-county MSA operated its own wastewater treatment plant during 1987.
The State DER also indicated that other facilities in the four-county area
periodically use oil-water separators to pretreatment wastewater prior to
discharging to the municipal system. Since no specific information on the
number of oil-water separators was available and because associated VOC
emissions were accounted for in the POTW emission estimate, oil-water
separators were excluded from consideration in this category.
The EPA Procedures Document recommends using air emissions models
developed by EPA's Emission Standards Division of the Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards. However, only one major facility in County A treats
their own wastewater. Therefore, instead of performing this more rigorous
procedure, the emission factor used to estimate VOC emissions from POTWs was
used. This decision was based on the limited potential for one facility's
cao/005 3-43
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emissions from wastewater treatment to significantly affect the emissions from
waste management practices subcategory overall and the high level of effort
required to use the models.
Total area source VOC emissions from industrial wastewater treatment are
estimated to be less than one pound per day. Using the POTW emission factor
and data on the one facility's wastewater processing capacity,29 annual and
daily emissions have been calculated and are shown in Table 3-16.
3.5.3.3 Hazardous Waste TSDFs. Atmospheric emissions from hazardous waste
treatment, storage, and disposal facilities can vary widely depending on the
s-:ze, type, and design of waste management processes in use and on the
characteristics of wastes being handled. Potential waste management processes
include combustion; surface impoundments; wastewater treatment tanks; land
treatment; landfills; waste piles; and/or transfer, storage, and handling
operations. Emissions of VOC result from either incomplete waste combustion
or from volatilization during handling and storage.
The emission factor seen in Table 3-16 was derived from data for the one
solvent reclamation facility identified" by the DER in County D.29 Several
assumptions were applied to the known quantity of solvent processed in 1987 to
estimate emissions. An adjustment was also made to reflect the impact of the
State regulation requiring control of VOC emissions on all solvent reclamation
processes at TSDFs. The details of the estimation procedure appear in
Appendix B (B.5.). Once an estimate was calculated, an emission factor was
developed by dividing the total annual emissions by the weight of solvent
processed. Using information from Table 3-3, daily emissions were derived
from the annual total equal to less than one ton per day (see Table 3-16).
Aciual facility emissions reflect reduction due to controls required by
the State. The regulation requires that all facilities (rule penetration is
100 percent) achieve a 90 percent reduction. Using the 80 percent rule
effectiveness factor, the emission estimate presented in the table reflected
an overall control of 72 percent of emissions.
Other treatment, storage, or disposal facilities may be in operation in
the County but are an integral part of on-site waste handling and treatment.
Emissions therefore would be included in the point source total(s) for the
facility at which the process(es) take place.
cao/005 3-44
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3.5.3.4 Municipal Landfills. For the purposes of this document, a municipal
landfill is defined as a landfill that is regulated under Subtitle D of the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and receives primarily household
and/or commercial waste. Emissions of VOC are produced from municipal
landfills by three mechanisms: vaporization, chemical reaction, and
biological decomposition of liquid and solid compounds into other chemical
species. Factors affecting vaporization include partial pressure of the
constituent; constituent concentration at the liquid-air interface;
temperature; and confining pressure. Chemical reactions are also affected by
letr.perature, as well as waste composition; moisture content; and the practice
of separate disposal areas for different waste types. Factors affecting
biological decomposition are nutrient and oxygen availability; refuse
composition; age of the landfill; moisture content; temperature; pH; and waste
that is toxic to bacteria.31
The emission factor appearing in Table 3-16 that was used to estimate
emissions was taken from the EPA Procedures Document. In order to calculate
emissions, the amount of refuse in place at each landfill was needed. The DER
in supplied quantities for the two landfills present in Counties A and D, only
one of which is still active (County D).29
Annual and daily emission rates are also given in Table 3-16.
Neither landfill has been permitted; thus, no adjustment to avoid double-
counting was necessary. Both had approximately the same amount of waste in
place in 1987; therefore, produced similar emissions for a total of 0.8 tons
per day during ozone season.
3.5.3.5 Sol id Waste Burning. Solid waste burning is of two types:
incineration and open burning. Solid waste incineration includes the enclosed
incineration of discarded materials from industrial, commercial, and
residential sources. Open burning is also practiced by these same sectors but
is done in open dumps, pits, and drums. Emissions from solid waste burning
(VOC, NOX, CO) are products of combustion.
J3.5.3.5.1 Incineration. Two incinerators are in use in the Ozoneville MSA:
|0ne industrial incinerator in County A and a municipal waste incinerator in
cao/005 3.45
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County D. The incinerator in County A accepts all industrial waste for the
county. The incinerator in County D services the other counties, but is
included in the point source inventory. Since there is no overlap of the two,
no adjustment to the area source emission estimate was necessary.
Tables 3-16 and 3-17 contain a summary of the data used to estimate
emissions as well as results of the estimation procedure. The emission
factors were taken from AP-42.32 The industrial incinerator in County A is an
uncontrolled, multiple-chamber incinerator. In the absence of species data,
the use of non-methane VOC emission factors was assumed to represent the
fraction of VOC emissions that are considered to be reactive.
To estimate the amount of waste burned, a regional factor from the EPA
Procedures Document was multiplied by the number of employees in the
manufacturing sector. The calculation to estimate solid waste burned is given
in Appendix B, B.6.
3.5.3.5.2 Open Burning. Solid waste opening burning is often used to dispose
of bulky waste such as landscaping refuse and can be done by all sectors. No
residential open burning'is allowed in Ozoneville city limits, however.
Furthermore, Counties B and D prohibit all open burning and County C only
permits open burning by the industrial sector.
Emission factors for VOC are listed in Table 3-16; those for NOX and CO
appear in Table 3-17. The tables also provide estimates of annual and daily
emissions for each pollutant. Emission factors for municipal refuse from AP-
42 were used to estimate emissions.33 Because of the large volume of wasted
burned and the inefficiency in combustion, open burning is the highest source
of emissions for all three pollutants in the waste management practices source
category. It contributes approximately six tons of VOC, one ton of NOX and 17
tons of CO daily during the ozone season.
Estimates of waste burned by the residential, commercial/institutional,
and industrial sectors were derived from factors given by the EPA Procedures
Document, knowing rural population34 and the number of employees in
manufacturing. The solid waste estimation procedure is given in Appendix B,
B.6.
cao/005 3-46
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3.5.4 Small Stationary Source Fossil and Other Fuel Combustion.
This source category includes small boilers, furnaces, heaters, and
other heating units too small to be considered point sources. Four types of
fuels are used in the Ozoneville study area: bituminous coal, oil, natural
gas, and wood. Area source fuel use can be categorized into three user types:
residential, commercial/institutional, and light industrial.
Residential dwellings are defined as structures containing fewer than
20 living units. Fuel use by this sector is primarily for heating such as in
^urnsces, v.-oodstoves, fireplaces, water heaters, and for cooking.
Commercial and institutional facilities are establishments engaging in
retail and wholesale trade, schools, hospitals, government buildings, and
larger apartment complexes. All facilities in SICs 50 through 99 (wholesale
and retail trade; finance, insurance and real estate; services; public
administration; and nonclassifiable establishments) are thus included. Fuel
consumption is through the use of small boilers, furnaces, heaters, and other
heating units and does not usually include wood.
Industrial facilities included in this subcategory are those defined by
SICs 20 through 39, the manufacturing SICs, but which are smaller than
industrial facilities considered to be point sources. Combustion sources are
similar to those used by commercial/institutional facilities.
For the residential and commercial/institutional sectors, the principal
emission source in the MSA is natural gas combustion for cooking and water
heating. Emissions from space heating are expected to be negligible during
the ozone season. Emissions from the industrial sector result from the use of
coal, residual and distillate oils, and natural gas, primarily for process
heat.
Table 3-18 provides emission factors for the fuel combustion pollutants.
These commodity consumption-based factors were primarily taken from AP-42,35
with a few coal emission factors taken from the EPA NAPAP emission factor
document.36 The fuel consumption values appear in Tables 3-19 and 3-20.
These were supplied by the 1985 NEDS Fuel Summary Report37 with the exception
of the natural gas numbers that were provided by the local gas company, Blue
Ridge Natural Gas.38 Tables 3-19 and 3-20 also contain emission estimates,
cao/005 3-47
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o
to
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TABLE 3-18. SUMMARY OF FUEL COMBUSTION EMISSION FACTORS FOR SMALL FUKL COMBUSTION SOURCES
Type of VOC Emission
Fuel Combustion Factor
Natural Gas* Residential 5.3
Commercial/
Institutional 5.3
Industrial 2.8
Coalb Industrial0 0.69
Distillate Olld Industrial 0.2
' Residual Olld Industrial 0.28
CD
NOX Emission CO Emissions Units of the
Factor Factor Emission Factor
100 20 lbs/106 cu.
100 20 lbs/106 cu.
140 35 lbs/106 cu.
22.25 5.8 Ibs/ton
20 5 lbs/103 gal
55 5 lbs/103 gal
ft.
ft.
ft.
"AP-42 Emission factors, Table 1.4-1.
bAP-A2 Emission factors, Table 1.1-1.
^Bituminous coal use was assumed. Emission factors are the midpoint of ranges set by several firing methods.
dAP-42 Emission factors, Table 1.3-1.
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o
OJ
o
CD
O
Ol
TABLE 3-19. SUMMARY OF
County Consumer sector Multiplier
(10x6 cu ft)
i
A Residential
Commercial/ Institutional
Industrial
COUNTY TOTAL
B Residential
Commercial /Institutional
Industrial
COUNTY TOTAL
C Residential
Commercial / Ins t itut lona 1
o Industrial
i
"J COUNTY TOTAL
D Residential
Commercial/ Institutional
Industrial
COUNTY TOTAL
TOTAL
7.780
5,500
7,640
3,590
1,230
2,200
7,140
3,710
3,780
5,730
2,360
3,170
Annual VOC
Emissions
(tons/yr)
20.62
14.58
10.70
45.89
9.51
3.26
3.08
15.85
18.92
9.83
5.29
34.04
15.18
6.25
4.44
25.88
121.66
EMISSIONS FROM
Annual NOx
Emissions
(tons/yr)
389
275
534
1,198
179
61
154
395
357
185
264
807
.00
.00
.80
.80
.50
.50
.00
.00
.00
.50
.60
.10
286.50
118.00
221.90
626.40
3,027.30
NATURAL GAS COMBUSTIOH, AL
Annual
CO Emissions
(tons/yr)
77.
55.
133
266
35.
12.
38,
86.
71,
37
66
174,
57.
23,
55
136
664
80
00
,70
.50
90
,30
,50
70
,40
,10
.15
65
.30
.60
.48
.38
.23
Dally VOC
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
34.2
54.9
57.2
146.23
15.8
12.3
16.5
44.51
31.4
37.0
28.3
96.68
25.2
23.5
23.7
72.45
359.9
L SECTORS
Dally NOx
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
645
1034
2,858
4,539.
297.
231.
823.
1,352.
592.
698.
1,414.
2,704.
475.
444.
1,186.
2,105.
10,702.
.3
.9
.8
13
8
5
2
47
3
1
5
83
3
1
2
58
0
Dally CO
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
129
207
714
1,050.
59.
46.
205.
311.
118.
139.
353.
611.
95.
88.
296.
480.
2,454.
.1
.0
.7
77
6
3
8
65
5
6
6
69
1
8
5
43
5
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o
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TABLE 3-20. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM COAL AND OIL COMBUSTION IN THE INDUSTRIAL SECTOR
CO
I
in
O
Fuel type County
Coal
SUBTOTAL
Distillate oil
SUBTOTAL
Residual oil
SUBTOTAL
TOTAL
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
Value of the' Units of the
Multiplier Multiplier
71,063
26,034
43,623
36,587
1,110
406
681
571
6,226
2,280
3,822
3,205
tana
tons
tons
tons
10x3 gala
10x3 gall
10x3 gala
10x3 gals
10x3 gala
10x3 gala
10x3 gala
10x3 gala
Annual VOC Annual NOx
Emissions Emissions
(tona/yc) (toha/yr)
24.52
8.98
15.05
12.62
61.17
0.11
0.04
0.07
0.06
0.28
0.87
0.32
0.54
0.45
2.17
63.62
790.
289.
485.
407.
1,972.
11.
4.
6.
58
63
31
03
54
10
06
81
5,71
27.
171.
62.
105.
88.
427.
2,427.
68
22
70
11
ii
16
38
Annual
CO Emissions
(tons/yr)
206.08
75.50
126.51
106.10
514.19
2.78
1.02
1.70
1.43
6.92
15.57
5.70
9.56
8.01
38.83
559.94
Dally VOC
Emissions
(Iba/day)
131.1
48.0
80.5
67.5
327.00
0.6
0.2
0.4
0.3
1.48
4 .7
1.7
2.9
_2_J!_
11.62
340.1
Dally NOx
Emissions
(Iba/day)
4,226.1
1,548.2
2,594.3
2.175.8
10,544.46
59.3
21.7
36.4
30.5
147.97
915.3
335.2
561.9
471,1
2,283.42
12,975.8
Dally CO
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
1,101.
403.
676.
567.
2,748.
14.
5.
9.
7.
36.
83.
30.
51.
42,
207.
2,993.
6
6
3
2_
67
8
4
1
6
99
2
5
1
£_
SB
2
-------
Table 3-19 for natural gas combustion and Table 3-20 for coal and oil
combustion. Totals from all small stationary source fuel combustion by county
are as follows:
County A: 71.39 tons/yr, 282.6 Ibs/day;
County B: 25.19 tons/yr, 94.4 Ibs/day;
County C: 49.70 tons/yr, 180.5 Ibs/day; and
County D: 39.01 tons/yr, 142.7 Ibs/day.
The total for all counties by consumer sector is presented in Table 3-20.
Since the NEDS Fuel Summary Report was only available by State, the
ratio of county employment to State employment was applied to estimate
industrial fuel use by the counties. Furthermore, data were required for
updating fuel consumption values to the base year 1987. Average annual
employment growth for the four counties (1985-1987), 4.2 percent, was applied
to the industrial fuel use.39 The allocation of State fuel use to the county
level is shown in Appendix B, B.7-
The Report aggregates LPG and natural gas consumption and kerosene and
distillate oil. No information on the percent of each fuel type was available;
therefore, the values were not adjusted and emissions have been overestimated.
A number of assumptions have been made to calculate daily emissions from
the annual totals. Industrial sources were expected to operate seven days per
week, independent of season. Both commercial/institutional and residential
sectors exhibit some seasonal variations in gas use, according to the EPA
Procedures Document. Only eighteen percent of gas use by these sectors is
expected to occur during the seven-month ozone season. The EPA Procedures
Document also-provided values for weekly activity, six days for commercial/
institutional combustion and seven for residential.
3.5.5 Other Area Sources
Sources included in this category are commercial bakeries, miscellaneous
combustion sources, and leaking underground storage tanks. Volatile organic
compound emissions account for less than two percent of the Ozoneville
cao/005 3-51
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inventory with the highest contribution made by leaking underground storage
tanks (41 percent of the area source category total). Bakeries and
miscellaneous combustion contribute 31 percent and 28 percent, respectively.
Miscellaneous combustion is the only source of NOX and CO in this area source
category and contributes less than one percent to each emissions inventory
overall.
3.5.5.1 Commercial Bakeries. The baking industry, SIC 2051, represents a
potentially significant source of VOC. The yeast fermentation process in
bread making produces pyruvic acid and acetaldehyde as intermediate products
and almost equal amounts of ethanol and carbon dioxide as final products.
Table 3-21 presents the information used to estimate bakery emissions in
the Ozoneville MSA. Two emission factors have been developed from source
testing done by EPA, one that depends on the weight of bread baked, the second
relates emissions to population. Since values for county population were
readily available, the latter emission factor was used. No adjustment for
point source contributions from large bakeries was needed because none are
located in the MSA. Emissions during the ozone season therefore equal 1.1
tons per day.
In allocating annual emission to daily emission rates, typical
activities for small bakeries were considered. Although no seasonal variation
in production was expected, smaller bakeries were assumed to operate six days
per week.
3.5.5.2 Miscellaneous Combustion Sources. Several types of fires and burning
activities potentially contribute to this subcategory which yields not only
VOC emissions, but also NOX and CO. These are as follows:
• grass fires,
t forest fires,
• structure fires,
t trash fires,
t vehicle fires,
cao/005 3-52
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TABLE 3-21. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM COMMERCIAL BAKERIES
County
A
B
C
D
TOTAL
Multipl ier
(Persons)
407,497
205,259
368,314
301,077
VOC Emission Factor
(Ibs/capita)
0.573
0.573
0.573
0.573
Annual
VOC Emissions
(tons/yr)
116.75
58.81
105.52
86.26
367.34
Daily
VOC Emissions
(Ibs/day)
728.1
366.8
658.1
538.0
2,291.0
cao/005
3-53
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e agricultural burning,
• prescribed and slash burning, and
• orchard heaters.
According to the Ozoneville Agricultural Extension Service, the last three
subcategories — agricultural, prescribed and slash burning, and orchard heaters
sources — are uncommon in the MSA, therefore, do not contribute significantly
to emissions.23
Table 3-22 summarizes the data used to estimate emissions. The emission
^actors appearing there are modified AP-42 emission factors that have been
derived by.making assumptions about the material consumed in a fire.40'41
Calculation sheets in Appendix B (B.8.) provide the details and derivation
process for each. Information about the numbers and types of fires was
supplied by the Regional and Ozoneville Fire Marshalls.42'43 Since neither
group distinguished between grass and forest fires in their records, the two
were combined into one source category.
The total emissions estimated for this subcategory appearing in Table
3-22 is considered to be a minimum estimate. Several other fires associated
with spills and explosions (3,060 and 3,112, respectively) were recorded by
the Ozoneville Fire Marshall. No estimates for these have been made because
of the lack of specific information about the material involved.
Daily emissions from miscellaneous combustion account for one ton VOC
during the ozone season. The only source of NOX and CO in the "other" area
source category, emissions were estimated at 0.4 tons NOX per day and 18.5
tons CO per day. Structure fires were the most significant source for all
three pollutants followed by forest and grass fires. Together they represent
94 percent of-VOC emissions, 97 percent of NOX emission and 95 percent of CO
emissions for the subcategory.
Because the different categories of fires can generally be assumed to be
accidental, no seasonal pattern of activity was expected. No data on the
distribution of fires throughout the week was available; therefore, seven days
per week was assumed.
cao/005 3-54
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TABLE t-22. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM
VOC NOX CO
Emissions Emissions Emissions
Multiplier Factor Factor Factor
County Source (No. of fires) (Ibs/flra) (ll>s/flre) (Ibs/flre)
A - Fdrest and
grass fires 2,510 30.5 12.2 579.5
- Structure
fires 2,112 74.2 27.0 1,315.7
- Trash fires 3,006 3.8 0.8 74.4
- Vehicle fire* 1,065 2.4 0.3 9.4
SUBTOTAL
B - Forest and
grass fires 1,456 30.5 12.2 579.5
- Structure
fires 1,002 74.2 27.0 1,315.7
- Trash fires 1,495 3.8 0.8 74.4
- Vehicle fires 1,600 2.4 0.3 9.4
SUBTOTAL
C. - Forest and
grass fires 1,370 30.5 12.2 579.5
- Structure
fires 1,975 74.2 27.0 1,315.7
- Trash fires 2,717 3.8 0.8 74.4
- Vehicle fires 2,469 2.4 0.3 9.4
SUBTOTAL
D. - Forest and
grass fires 1,897 30.5 12.2 579.5
- Structure
fires 1,655 74.2 27.0 1,315.7
- Trash fires 2,221 3.8 0.8 74.4
- Vehicle fires 837 2.4 0.3 9.4
SUBTOTAL
TOTAL
MISCELLANEOUS COMBUS
Annual VOC
Emiss ions
(tons/yr)
38.
78.
5.
1.
123.
22.
37.
2.
64.
20.
73.
5.
2.
102.
28.
61.
4.
1.
95.
385.
28
36
71
28
63
20
17
84
92
13
89
27
16
96
28
93
40
22
00
55
59
Dally VOC
Emlss Ions
(ibs/day)
204.
418.
30.
6.
660.
118.
198
15
10
342
111
391
27
15
546
154
328
22
5
510
?,OM
,62
86
53
83
,84
,69
.72
.18
.26
.85
.68
.69
.60
.84
.81
.64
.22
.56
.37
.79
. 3
TIOH SOURCES
Amiu.ll NOK
Emissions
(tons/yr)
15.
28.
1.
0.
45.
8.
13.
0,
0
23
8
26
1
0
36
11
22
0
0
34
1 l'»
31
51
20
16
18
,08
53
.60
.24
.25
. 36
.66
. 09
.3?
.48
57
. 3'.
.8-.
. n
. 0 f
IK.
Daily NOX
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
81.
152.
6.
0.
241.
47.
72.
3.
1.
124.
44.
142,
5
1
194
61
119
4
0
186
M7
85
41
43
85
54
48
31
20
28
27
67
,53
,81
.98
.99
.86
.43
.75
.67
. 71
5
Annual CO
Emissions
(tons/yr)
727.27
1,389.38
111.82
5.01
2,233.48
421.88
659.17
55.61
7.52
1,144.18
396.96
1,299.25
101.07
11.60
1,808.88
549.66
1 ,088. 74
82.62
3.93
1 ,724.95
6,911 .49
Dally CO
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
3,887.72
7,427.10
597.76
26.76
11,939.34
2,255.19
3,523.65
297.29
40.20
6,116.33
2,121.98
6,945.32
540.29
62.03
9,669.62
2,938.25
5,820.00
441.66
21 .03
9.220.94
36.946.2
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3.5.5.3 Leaking Underground Storage Tanks. Leakage of VOC from underground
storage tanks is usually an event that occurs over a period of time. As a
result, no episodic release occurs; instead the VOC volatilize at a rate
determined by a complex relationship that continues to be studied by EPA's
Office of Underground Storage Tanks. Some variables affecting emissions
include VOC properties and concentrations, soil characteristics, and climate.
Emissions primarily occur from the remediation activities for contaminated
soil and groundwater. Left undisturbed, emissions from soil and groundwater
are generally low. However, once efforts to clean up are initiated, the
potential for emissions increases and vary depending on the level of
contamination and the remediation technology used. The three more common
technologies include soil aeration, vacuum extraction, and air stripping.
The ORPA and DER developed a methodology for estimating emissions from
this category since the EPA procedures document did not provide specific
guidance, and since the agencies recognized that the number of leaking
underground storage tank remediation projects in the MSA is significant.
Table 3-23 gives the data used in estimating emissions during
remediation, as well as the annual and typical summer day estimates. The
emission factor was derived from the annual estimate of emissions and the
estimated number of remediation projects. The daily estimate totaled 1.5 tons
per day during the ozone season.
Since reporting of leaking underground storage tanks has only recently
been required by Federal Regulation, no record of the number removed was
available for 1987. An estimate of the number of leaking tanks was made using
the population of tanks in the County and information supplied by the Office
of Underground Storage Tanks (OUST).44 The OUST information indicated that
20 percent of-tanks are likely to be leaking, 10 percent of which are expected
to be undergoing some form of remediation activity.
Knowing the number of remediation projects, emissions were estimated by
making assumptions about the type of technology used and the project duration.
In the absence of specific information, no preference for one technology over
another was assumed. General information on project duration and emissions
from the OUST was used to establish average conditions of one month and 5 Ibs
VOC per hour, respectively. A calculation sheet in Appendix B (B.9.) shows
cao/005 3-56
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TABLE 3-23. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM LEAKING UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS
County
A
B
C
D
TOTAL
Multiplier
(No. of remediation
project)
84
70
78
86
VOC Emissions
Factor
(tons/project)
1.8
1.8
1.8
1.8
Annual
VOC Emissions
(tons/yr)
151.2
126.0
140.4
154.8
572.4
Daily
VOC Emissions
(Ibs/day)
808.3
673.6
750.5
827.5
3,059.9
cao/005
3-57
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the emission factor development process.
The derivation of daily emissions on a typical summer day included the
assumption that remediation would occur year-round. Also, emissions from
these activities would be evenly distributed throughout the ozone season,
seven days per week.
3.5.6 Nonhiqhway Mobile Sources
Several categories of mobile sources do not serve as modes of
highway transportation. These include aircraft; marine vessels; construction,
farm and industrial equipment; off-highway use of motorcycles and railroad
locomotives. As sources of emissions, each unit generates relatively low VOC
emissions compared to NOX and CO. All emissions are products of diesel and
gasoline combustion. Mobile sources are the highest contributor to both the
NOX and CO emissions inventories, accounting for 92 percent of the total in
both cases. This is primarily due to construction equipment which contributes
over 70 percent of emissions to the area source category totals. Each of the
eight nonhighway mobile sources is discussed below with an emphasis placed on
presenting the method of emissions estimation.
3.5.6.1 Aircraft. Aircraft engines are of two major categories,
reciprocating piston and gas turbine. Piston engine aircraft are primarily
used for general aviation, whereas gas turbine aircraft are used in commercial
and military air travel. Gas turbine engines are of three types—turbojet,
turbofan, and turboprop. All engines, whether piston or gas turbine, have
different emission characteristics. Emissions are related to aircraft
activity which is an index of fuel consumption. Landing/takeoff (LTO) cycles
are the common measure of activity and consist of all the normal flight and
ground operation modes including descent and approach, touchdown, landing run,
taxi in, idle and shutdown, start-up and idle, checkout, taxi out, takeoff,
and climbout.
Table 3-24 is a summary of emission factors grouped by aircraft use at
the one public airport and the four private runways in the MSA. The weighted
emission factor for commercial aviation were developed from emission factors
given in AP-42 for each aircraft type.45 The derivation process is shown in
cao/005 3-58
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Class of Number
County Operation of LTOs
A Public Facilities (1}
- Commercial 264,444
- General 104,116
- Military 4,051
SUBTOTAL
CJ Private Facilities (4)
J2 A - General 1,872
1 - General 1,872
C - General 1,872
D - General 1,872
SUBTOTAL
TOTAL
TABLE 3-24. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM AIRCRAFT
VOC NOX CO
Emissions Emissions Emissions Annual VOC Dally VOC Annual NOX Dally NOX Annual CO Dally C"
Factor Factor Factor Emissions Emissions Emissions Emissions Emissions Emission*
(Ibs/LTO) (Ibs/LTO) (Ibs/LTO) (tons/yr) (Ibs/day) (tons/yr) (Ibs/day) (tons/yr) (Ibs/day)
11.19* 17.57* 36.64* 1,479.56 7,909.19 2,323.14 12,418.63 4,844.61 25,897.'?
0.41 0.028 18.8 21.34 114.10 1.46 7.79 978.69 5,231.71
27.1 9.16 48.8 54.89 293.43 18.55 99.18 98.84 528. )H
1,555.79 8,316.72 2,343.15 12,525.6 5,922.14 31,657.".«
0.41 0.028 18.8 0.38 2.43 0.03 0.19 17.60 112.il>
0.41 0.028 18.8 0.38 2.43 0.03 0.19 17.60 112. '' >
0.41 0.028 18.8 0.38 2.43 0.03 0.19 17.60 112. 1' >
0.41 0.028 18.8 0.38 2.43 0.03 0.19 J7.60 112. 1'1.
1.52 9.74 0.12 0.77 70.4 45) '"
1,557.31 8,326.46 2,343.27 12,526.37 5,992.54 32.10H . I' '.
'Weighted emission factor that Includes aircraft types (see Appendix B, B.10.).
-------
Appendix B, B.10. The selection of emission factors from AP-42 was based on
the percentage of operations by any one aircraft type for the major airport,
Ozoneville International, that were taken from flight schedules in the
Official Airline Guide: North American Edition (Dun and Bradstreet
Corporation, Oakbrook, IL) published in May 1987.46 Although not specific to
the base year 1987, significant changes were not expected. For general
aviation and military operations, two emission factors from an EPA document
Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation, Volume IV: Mobile Source were
used.47
Landing/takeoff data for the public-use airport were available from the
State Department of Transportation, Aviation Division,48 which maintains
annual records (Airport Master Records) as required by the Federal Aviation
Administration. Appropriation of the total number of LTOs to the different
engine types was based on the percentage of operations of each aircraft type.
Records on airport activity at private facilities were not available.
Four such facilities have been identified from the county-specific Sectional
Aeronautical Chart, one in each county.49 To estimate emissions, the emission
factor for general aviation was used and the number of .LTOs were assumed to
average six per day, six days per week, year-round.
Details of the emission estimation approach for Ozoneville International
Airport appear in Appendix B (B.10.). Since the LTOs at the four private
facilities were not assigned to different types of aircraft, aircraft-specific
emission factors were not used. Instead, all activities at the private
airports were assumed to be in the "general" category. The results provided
in Table 3-24 show that almost all of the 4.2 tons VOC per day, 6.3 tons NOX
per day, and 16 tons CO per day are attributed to Ozoneville International
Airport.
No seasonal variability was assumed for any of the airports in the daily
emissions calculations.
3.5.6.2 Marine Vessels. As discussed in Section 3.2.1, the Ozoneville MSA
has no coastline, therefore, marine vessel refers to a recreational vessel
used on inland lakes and waterways. The only lake is in County D with
associated waterways running through County A. However, because of the
cao/005 3-60
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difficulty of estimating boaiing activity on the waterways, all are assumed to
occur on the lake.
Two categories of engines are common to recreational vessels, outboard
and inboard. Based on 1987 registration information from the State Wildlife
Commission, about 97 percent of vessels have outboard engines, 3 percent have
inboard.50 Most outboard motors are 2-stroke engines.51 Inboard motors are
more variable and can consume either diesel or gasoline; however, the State
Wildlife Commission indicated the majority are gasoline powered. Using the
water surface area approach outlined in the procedures document,53 the number
of boats in the MSA was estimated at 52,521.
From an emissions standpoint, outboard engines emit higher levels of VOC
and CO, but lower NOX. Estimates for VOC and CO emissions place marine
vessels as the second highest contributor to the nonhighway mobile sources
category, or 23 percent (12 tons/day), and 9 percent of emissions (42
tons/day), respectively. The NOX emissions total less than one ton per day.
Table 3-25 provides emission factors for both engine types. The primary
source for these was AP-42.51 An adjustment to the emission factors for
hydrocarbons was made because about 90 percent of the hydrocarbon emissions
are assumed reactive.52 Thus, the VOC emission factor used is the hydrocarbon
emission factor times 0.90.
Since the emission factors are commodity-consumption based, fuel
consumption estimates were needed to calculate emissions. The EPA Procedures
Document for mobile sources estimated hourly fuel use at 3 gallons per hour
for inboard engines and 1.5 gallons per hour for outboard engines.53 Hours of
boat usage were assumed to be 10 hours per month, eight months of the year.
From this, annual boat fuel consumption was determined and is shown in
Table 3-25 by engine type. The derivation of fuel consumption is provided in
Appendix B (B.ll.).
Table 3-25 also gives the estimated annual and daily emissions. Boating
is primarily a warm weather activity that occurs approximately eight months
per year. The 03 season activity level is therefore 7 months of ozone season
divided by 8 months of activity per year = 0.88. Activity is probably highest
on weekends, however, uniform use of boats throughout the week was assumed.
cao/005 3-61
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TABLE 3-25. EMISSIONS FROM MARINE VESSELS
Co
1
en
ro
Engine
Category*
Inboard
Outboard
TOTAL
VOC
Emissions
Multiplier Factor"
(103gal fuel uaed) (lbs/103gal)
341
6,132
•l,421 boats with Inboard
Adjusted for fraction of
77
986
engines, 51,100
reactive VOC.
N0x
Emissions
Factor
(lbs/103gal)
131
6.6
CO
Emissions
Factor
(lbs/103gal)
1,240
3,300
Annual VOC
Emissions
(tons/yr)
13.13
3.073.08
3,086.21
Dally VOC
Emissions
(lbs/d«y)
106.48
24.518.95
24,625.43
Annual NO^
Emlss Ions
(tons/yr)
22.34
20.24
42.58
Dally HOX
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
181.15
164.12
345.62
Annual CO
Emissions
(tons/yr)
211.42
10.117.8
10,329.22
Dally CO
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
1,714.74
82.061.41
83,776.15
boats with outboard engines.
-------
3.5.6.3 Construction Equipment. The equipment categories in this section
include track-type tractors, track-type loaders, motor graders, wheel tractor
scrapers, off-highway trucks, wheeled loaders, wheeled tractors, rollers and
miscellaneous machines. This last category contains a small number of mobile
and semi-mobile machines used in construction such as log skidders, hydraulic
excavators/crawlers, trenchers, concrete pavers, compact loaders, crane
lattice booms, cranes, hydraulic excavator wheels and bituminous pavers.
Emissions from this subcategory are generated during diesel and gasoline
consumption by the equipment. Construction equipment is the major contributor
to the nonhighway mobile source category, generating 42 percent of the VOC
emissions (23 tons/day), 82 percent of the NOX emissions (133 tons/day), and
70 percent of the CO emissions (312 tons/day). The emission estimation
approach recommended by the EPA is to apportion national fuel use to the State
level using the ratio of State to national employment in SIC 16. Then the
State fuel use estimate is allocated to the county using the ratio of county
population to State population. However, a more industry-specific approach
was taken that is based on construction equipment counts. This is described
in Appendix.B (B.12.).
Table 3-26 summarizes the data used to estimate emissions along with the
resulting annual and typical summer day VOC, NOX and CO emission totals. The
emission factor appearing in the table is a weighted factor derived from AP
emission factors for diesel-and gasoline-powered equipment for the nine
categories listed above.54 The units of the AP-42 emission factors are hourly
emissions per unit. Using annual hours of operation also provided by AP-42,
these were converted to annual emissions per unit. An additional adjustment
of the emission factor was needed so that it would reflect reactive VOC which
are estimated to be 98 percent of the hydrocarbons emitted. This value was
calculated from data for diesel-powered engines in the 1980 VOC Species Data
Manual.55 No equivalent data were available for gasoline-powered vehicles
that are similar to those used in construction. However, a profile for heavy
duty gasoline trucks in the revised VOC Species Data Manual shows about 3
percent of hydrocarbon emissions are non-reactive.56
Emissions calculated using these factors required that the number of
equipment units, by type, be known for the county. The most recent estimates
available were 1975 national totals.57'58 In order to update the numbers, the
cao/005 3-63
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TABLE 3-26. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM CONSTRUCTION EQUIMENT
County
A
B
C
D
TOTAL
Multiplier
(hrs oper)
24,519,749
6.237.920
12,788,059
10.518,401
Weighted'
VOC Emission
Factor
(Ibs/hr oper)
0.236
0.236
0.236
0.236
Weighted*
NOx Emission
Factor
(Ibs/hr oper)
1.37
1.37
1.37
1.37
Weighted"
CO Emission
Factor
(Ibs/hr oper)
3.21
3.21
3.21
3.21
Annual VOC
Emissions
(tons/yr)
2,893.33
736.07
1,508.99
1.241.17
6,379.57
Annual NOx
Emissions
(tons/yr)
16,796.03
4,272.98
8,759.82
7.205.10
37,033.93
Annual CO
Emission)
(tons/yr)
39,354.20
10,011.86
20,524.83
16,882.03
86,772.93
Dally VOC
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
20,800.0
5,291.6
10,848.0
8,922.7
45,862.3
Dally NOx
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
120,745.6
30,718.2
62,973.8
51.797.1
266,234.7
Dally CO
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
282,915.0
71,974.7
147,551.8
121.363.9
623,805.4
^Weighted •mission rates were derived using the sum of emissions from all equipment typos divided by the combined hours of operation for all equipment
type*. Tables B-4.1 through B-4.4 In Appendix B list the Information us
-------
annual growth rate of the construction industry from 1976-1985 was applied to
the 1975 values to estimate 1987 equipment counts.59 Apportioning these to
the counties was achieved by applying the ratio of construction employment,
County:National from 1985 Census Bureau data to the national counts. Using
the 1985 ratio assumed the ratio had remained unchanged between 1985 and 1987.
In the Ozoneville MSA construction activity is reduced during the winter
months and ceases during the months beginning mid-December through mid-March.
The seasonal activity level applied to calculate daily emissions is: (7 months
of ozone season * 9 months per year of activity) = 0.78. Construction is
generally restricted to the five-day work week; this was incorporated into the
dcily emission estimates.
3.5.6.4 Agriculture Equipment. Agriculture equipment can be separated into
two major categories: wheeled tractors and other farm machinery. The "other"
category includes combines, balers, harvesters, and cotton pickers. Both
gasoline and diesel may be used as fuels, although some types use only one or
the other. Emissions, as with other nonhighway mobile sources, results from
fuel combustion.
Table 3-27 gives a weighted emission factor for all agriculture
equipment. Also shown are the number of units in operation for each and
estimated VOC, NOX and CO emissions for 1987, both on an annual and typical
summer day basis.
The weighted emission factor was developed from AP-42 values of hourly
emission rates for diesel- and gasoline-powered equipment in the two
categories.60 Multiplying these values by annual hours of usage for each unit
that were taken- from 1985 Census of Agriculture,61 an emission factor with
units of emissions per equipment unit were obtained. Another' multiplication
of these resulting factors by the fraction of VOC emissions that are reactive,
98 percent,55'56 produced the emission factors for each category. These
adjusted emission factors appear in Appendix B (B.13.), along with the annual
equipment usage estimation procedure.
Next, estimates of equipment counts were needed. County data compiled
by the Commerce Department in the Census of Agriculture in 198561 were updated
using industry growjth (1982-1985) for the State. AP-42 provided the
percentage of each equipment type that uses diesel and gasoline. Section
cao/005 3-65
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171 Table 3-27.
Weighted* Weighted"
County Multiplier VOC Emission NOx Emission
(hrs oper) Factor Factor
(g/hr'oper) (g/hr oper)
A 288,733 141.4 292.6
B 151,634 141.4 292.6
C 140,813 141.4 292.6
D 259,341 141.4 292.6
TOTAL
SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT
Weighted"
CO Emission
Factor
(g/hr oper)
1,840.3
1,840.3
1,840.3
1,840.3
'Weighted emission rates were derived using the sum of emissions from all
types. Table B-S.l through B- 5. 4 In Appendix B list the information used
CO
I
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Annual VOC
Emissions
(tons/yr)
45.01
23.64
21.95
40.43
131.04
Annual NOx
Emissions
(tons/yr)
93.15
48.92
45.43
83.66
271.15
Annual CO
Emissions
(tons/yr)
585.84
307.66
285.71
526.20
1,705.41
equipment types divided by the combined
In deriving weighted emission rates.
Dally VOC
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
365.1
191.7
178.0
327.9
1,062.7
hours of
Dally NOx
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
755.5
396.7
368.4
678.6
2,199.2
operation for
Dally CO
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
4,751.5
2,495.3
2,317.3
4.267.8
13,831.9
all equipment
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B.13. in Appendix B illustrates the procedure used to estimate equipment
counts.
Once the annual emissions were calculated, daily emissions during the
ozone season were derived. Use of agriculture equipment was assumed to be
insignificant during the mid-November to mid-March time period. The seasonal
adjustment factor applied, therefore, was 0.88. The number of days per week
of equipment use was assumed to be seven. The resulting estimates were as
follows: 0.5 tons VOC per day, 1.1 tons NOX per day, and 6.9 tons CO per day.
3.5.5.5 Industrial Equipment. This category includes forklifts, portable
generators, pumps, mobile refrigeration units, small tractors, wheel-loaders
amongst other mobile equipment, all of which have industrial applications.
The source of emissions is gasoline and diesel fuel consumption by the
internal combustion engines in the equipment.
Overall contribution to the VOC inventory by industrial equipment is
less than three tons per day; however, industrial equipment is the second
highest source of NOX emissions in the nonhighway mobile source category at 10
percent (17 tons/day). It is also the third highest CO source, contributing 8
percent (36 tons/day) to the source category total.
Table 3-28 provides a summary of the data for this subcategory: a
weighted emission factor, total equipment counts and estimated emissions. The
industrial equipment emission factor was developed from individual AP-42
emission factors for heavy-duty equipment using diesel and gasoline and for
light-duty equipment using diesel,62 weighted according to each equipment
type's emissions contribution. The AP-42 values appear as hourly emission
rates per unit and were multiplied by the estimated hours of operation per
unit per year? 600 for heavy-duty, diesel-powered, 300 for heavy-duty,
gasoline-powered and 300 for light-duty, diesel-powered. A further adjustment
to the AP-42 values for VOC was made to reflect the reactive fraction: 0.856
for diesel engines, and 0.88 (exhaust) and 1.0 (evaporative and crank case)
for gasoline engines.52'62'63
The most recent equipment count information is 1985 values.64 Using
national industrial employment growth (1980-1985) as an index of growth in
equipment usage,14 1987 counts were estimated. These 1987 estimates were then
cao/005 3-67
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TABLE 3-28. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT
Multiplier
County (No. of units)
A 9,606
B 3,828
C 5,066
D 4,846
<^ TOTAL
00
Weighted' Weighted* Weighted*
VOC Emission NOx Emission CO Emission Annual VOC Annual NOx Annual CO Dally VOC Dally NO* Dally CO
Factor Factor Factor Emissions Emissions Emissions Emissions Emissions Emissions
(Mg/unlt) (Mg/unlt) (Mg/unlt) (tons/yr) (tons/yr) (tons/yr) (Ibs/day) (Ibs/day) (Ibs/day)
0.039 0.243 0.529 413.05 2,573.60 5,602.62 2,208.0 13,757.5 29,949.5
0.039 0.243 0.529 164.60 1,025.58 2,232.65 879.9 5,482.4 11,934.9
0.039 0.243 0.529 217.83 1,357.26 2,954.70 1,164.4 7,255.4 15,794.7
0.039 0.243 0.529 208.37 1.298.32 2.826.39 1.113.9 6.940.3 ^5. 108. 8
1,003.85 6,254.76 13,616.36 5,366.2 33,435.6 72,787.9
*Uelghted emission rate* were derived using the sum of emissions from all equipment types divided by the total number of equipment counts (all types).
Tables B-6.1 through B-6.4 in Appendix B list the information used in deriving weighted emission rates.
-------
apportioned to the County using the ratio of 1985 employment, County: United
States, in the manufacturing SIC codes. The adjusted emission factors
estimates of equipment counts and resulting emissions appear in Appendix B,
Section B.14.
No seasonal variations were expected to be associated with industrial
equipment use. The daily emissions were calculated using a seasonal
adjustment factor of 0.58, 7 days per week of operation.
3.5.6.6 Lawn and Garden Equipment. Motorized lawn and garden equipment
include riding and walking lawn mowers, garden tractors, and tillers, all of
which have either 2- or 4-stroke internal combustion engines. More recently,
equipment such as string-trimmers and leaf-blowers have come into use; these
also contribute to the subcategory emissions.
The VOC, NOX and CO emissions resulting from gasoline consumption by
these types of equipment are given in Table 3-29. Lawn and garden equipment
produce significantly higher CO emissions than VOC or NOX, 28 tons CO per day
compared to 10 tons VOC and less than one ton NOX per day. The derivation
procedure is provided in Appendix B, Section B.15. Emission factors for 2-
stroke and 4-stroke equipment were supplied by AP-4265 on a per unit basis;
these assumed 50 hours of operating time per unit per year. The VOC emission
factors were adjusted for the reactive hydrocarbon fraction, 88 percent for
exhaust emissions, 100 percent from evaporative emissions.52 These were taken
from the 1980 VOC Species Data Manual because they represent uncontrolled
emissions from light-duty vehicles. The weighted emission factor was derived
from the total estimated emissions divided by the number of equipment units in
use.
Current equipment counts for lawn and garden equipment were not readily
available. The most recent estimates were from 1980, reported in Reference
64. These were scaled up using the increase in occupied housing units in the
United States (2.03 percent) as a measure of growth in equipment use.
To determine daily emissions during the ozone season, lawn and garden
equipment use was limited to the 282 freeze-free days in the Ozoneville MSA.
Since this includes the ozone season, the seasonal adjustment factor used was:
(217 days in the ozone season * 282 days of equipment use) = 0.76.
Furthermore, activity was assumed to occur on any of the seven days per week.
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TABLE 3-29. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM LAWN AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT
County
A
B
C
D
Multiplier
(Ho. of units)
100,314
51.906
87,042
78.582
Weighted
VOC Emission
Factor
(Me/unit)
0.0085
0.0085
0.0085
0.0085
Weighted
NOx Emission
Factor
(Mg/unlt)
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002
0.0002
Weighted
CO Emission
Factor
(Mg/unlt)
0.0225
0.0225
0.0225
0.0225
Annual VOC
Emissions
(tons/yr)
940.10
486.44
815.72
736.44
Annual NOx
Emissions
(tons/yr)
22.12
11.45
19.19
17.33
Annual CO
Emissions
(tons/yr)
2,488.50
1,287.64
2,159.26
1.949.39
Dally VOC
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
6,585.0
3,407.3
5,713.8
5,151.4
Dally NOx
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
154.9
80.2
134.4
121.4
Dally CO
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
17,430.9
9,019.4
15,124.7
13.654.7
U>
I
TOTAL
2,978.69
70.09
7,884.77
20,864.6
490.9
55,229.8
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3.5.6.7 Motorcycles. Emissions from motorcycles are addressed both in this
chapter (off-highway) and in Chapter 4 (highway). The purpose of this sub-
section is to specifically account for emissions resulting from off-highway
motorcycle use. Emissions are determined using an estimate of the number of
off-highway motorcycles combined with an estimate of annual fuel consumption
during off-highway use. The total number of motorcycles in each of the MSA
counties was determined from State vehicle registration data using the ratio
of county population to State population.67 Using information from the
Motorcycle Industry Council,68 the ORPA estimates that 53 percent of the
motorcycles in the Ozoneville MSA are used off-road.
The VOC, NOX and CO emissions are based on fuel consumption. The EPA
guidance on mobile sources indicates that an average of 700 miles is travelled
per motorcycle with an associated fuel consumption of 2.35 gallons per 100
miles travelled. Therefore, annual fuel consumption is 16.5 gallons per
motorcycle.
The emission factors in Table 3-30 is based on AP-42 values that have
units of emissions per mile.66 Assuming 700 miles of use per year per
motorcycle, the emission factor was converted to units of emissions per
motorcycle. An additional adjustment to the VOC emission factors was made to
account for reactive VOC; the reactive fractions are 0.88 for exhaust
emissions and 1.0 for evaporative emissions.52
Estimated annual and daily emissions also appear in Table 3-30.
Motorcycles contribute less than one ton of VOC and NOX per day and about 1.1
ton CO per day during the ozone season. In order to estimate ozone season
aaily emissions, 45 percent of off-road motorcycle use was taken to occur
during the ozone season.
3-5.6.8 Railroad Locomotives. Railroad locomotives generally follow one of
two use patterns: railyard switching or road-haul service. Locomotives can
be classified into five categories on the basis of engine configuration and
use pattern: 2-stroke switch locomotives (supercharged), 4-stroke switch
locomotives, 2-stroke road service locomotives (supercharged), 2-stroke road
service locomotives (turbocharged), and 4-stroke road service locomotives.
Railyard and switching operations are characterized by short hauls with
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i TABLE 3-30. SUMMARY OF EMISSIOMS FROM MOTORCYCLES
Multiplier* VOC Emission NOx Emission CO Emission Annual VOC Annual NOx Annual CO Dally VOC Dally NOx
County (No. of units) Factor Factor Factor Emissions Emissions Emissions Emissions Emissions
(Mg/unlt) (Mg/unlt) (Mg/unlt) (tpns/yr) (tons/yr) (tons/yr) (Ibs/day) (Ibs/day)
A 6,502 0.0039 0.0004 0.017 27.96 2.87 121.87 177.8 18.2
B 3,859 0.0039 0.0004 0.017 16.59 1.70 72.33 105.5 10.8
C 4,007 0.0039 0.0004 0.017 17.23 1.77 75.10 109.6 11.2
D *,771 0.0039 0.0004 0.017 20.51 2.10 89.42 130.5 13.4
TOTAL 82.30 8.44 358.72 523.4 53.7
ro "Dumber of motorcycle* used off-road, based on 53X of the motorcycle population.
Dally CO
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
775.0
460.0
477.6
568 , 7
2,281.3
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several stops, starts, and accelerations. Road-haul service usually
transports over longer distances at relatively constant speeds.
Emissions result from fuel combustion which produces VOC, NOX and CO.
Table 3-31 presents average emission factors that are based on the quantity of
fuel used. These factors were provided by AP-42 and have been modified to
reflect the reactive VOC fraction of emissions, 98 percent, based on the VOC
Species Profile for diesel-powered engines.55 Fuel use, also shown, was
derived from the 1985 NEDS Fuel Summary Report.37 Updating the 1985 figure to
1987 was based on the annual increase in fuel use calculated from 1983 and
IMS cata, 1.5 percent per year. As discussed before, data by County have not
yet been compiled; therefore apportionment is based on the 1983 report. The
County consumption calculations appear in Appendix B, B.16.
Resulting annual and daily emissions appear in Table 3-31. Emissions
from railroad locomotives in the MSA were estimated at 1.2 tons VOC per day,
5.0 tons NOX per day, and 1.7 tons CO per day. The daily emission estimates
were derived from the annual totals assuming no seasonal variation in railroad
activity and full-time operation of the locomotives.
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TABLE 3-31. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM RAILROAD LOCOMOTIVES
County
A
B
C
D
TOTAL
Multiplier
(10x3 gal)
2,930
2,350
2,133
2,655
VOC Emission
Factor
(toni/10x3gal)
0.046
0.046
0.046
0.046
NOx Emission
Factor
(tons/10x3gal)
0.185
0.185
0.185
0.185
CO Emission
Factor
(tons/10x3gal)
0.065
0.065
0.065
0.065
Annual VOC
Emissions
(tons/yr)
134.78
108.10
98.12
122.13
463.13
Annual NOx
Emissions
(tons/yr)
542.05
434.75
394 .61
491.18
1,862.59
Annual CO
Emlsi Ions
(tons/yr)
190.45
152.75
130.65
172.58
654.43
Dolly VOC
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
720.5
577.9
524.5
652.9
2,475.8
Dally NOx
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
2,897.6
2,324.0
2,109.4
2.625.6
9,956.6
Dally CO
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
1,018.1
816.5
741.1
922.5
3,498.2
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3.6 REFERENCES FOR SECTION 3
1. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Procedures for the Preparation
of Emission Inventories for Precursors of Ozone: Volume I. Third
Edition. EPA 450/4-88-021. Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards, Monitoring and Reports Branch, Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina. December 1988.
2. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Emission Inventory Requirements
for Post-1987 Ozone State Implementation Plans. EPA-450/4-88-019.
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina. December 1988.
5. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant
Emission Factors, Volume I: Stationary Point and Area Sources. Fourth
Edition. AP-42. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina. September 1985.
4. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)
Species Data Manual, Second Edition. EPA-450/4-80-015. Office of Air
Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
July 1980.
5. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Air Emission Species Manual.
Volume I. Volatile Organic Compound Species Profiles. EPA-450/2-88-
003a. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina. August 1988.
6. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Criteria Pollutant Emission
Factors for the 1985 NAPAP Emissions Inventory. EPA-600/7-87-015.
Office of Research and Development, Air and Energy Engineering Research
Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. May 1987. p. 33.
7. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Quality Assurance Program for
Post-1987 Ozone and Carbon Monoxide State Implementation Plan Emission
Inventories. EPA-450/4-89-004. Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. March 1989.
8. Reference 3, pp. 4.4-13 through 4.4-15.
9. Reference 3, pp. 4.4-5.
10. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to State Bureau of Liquid Fuels
Taxation. Gasoline and Diesel Use in the State for FY87. October 1988.
11. U. S. Department of Transportation. Highway Statistics 1986. GPO No.
FJC777. Washington, D.C. March 1987.
cao/005 3-75
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12. 1986 Survey of Commercial and Coin-Operated Dry Cleaners - Summary
Report. Dry Cleaners File established by the Ozoneville SIP task force.
Ozoneville, State. September 1988.
13. U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. County Business
Patterns 1985 - State. CBP-85-00.
14. CENDATA. Online Information Utility of the U. S. Bureau of Census on
Dialog. Industry Data: 1985. July 1, 1987-
15. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to the Asphalt Institute.
Information on Cutback Asphalt Use. November 1988.
16. Asphalt Institute. Asphalt Usage 1987 - United States and Canada. 1987
Survey. College Park, Maryland. April 1988. p. 3.
17. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to the State Department of
Transportation. Number of Miles of Paved Highway in the Four-County
Area. November 1988.
18. National Roofing Contractors Association. The NRCA Roofing and
Waterproofing Manual. Third Edition. Rosemont, Illinois, c. 1989.
pp. 72, 73, 81-85.
19. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to National Roofing Contractors
Association. Roofing Industry Practices. February 1989.
20. Reference 3, p. 1.5-2.
21. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to Delta Interstate Roofing Company.
Industry Practices in the Ozoneville MSA. February 1989.
22. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to Lang Roofing and Waterproofing
Company. Industry Practices in the Ozoneville MSA. February 1989.
23. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to the Ozoneville Agricultural
Extension Service. Use of Agricultural Pesticides in the Ozoneville
MSA. October 1988.
24. Telecon^ Ozoneville SIP task force to the Regional Department of
Transportation, Highway Maintenance Division. Pesticides Use for
Highway Maintenance. November 1988.
25. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to Friendly Power and Light Company
Estimated Pesticide Use in 1987. October 1988.
26. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to Atlantic Railroad Company.
Pesticide Use for Railroad Maintenance Activities. November 1988.
27. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to Coleridge Exterminators, Inc.
Estimated Pesticide Use in 1987. November 1988.
cao/005 3-76
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28. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to Weed'n Bugicide Corp. Estimated
Pesticide Use in 1987. November 1988.
29. Correspondence from the State Department of Environmental Regulation to
the Ozoneville SIP task force. Waste Management Practices in the Four-
county Area. October 1988.
30. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Control of Volatile Organic
Compound Emissions from Industrial Wastewater, Volume I - Preliminary
Draft. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina. April 1988.
31. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Air Emissions from Municipal
Solid Waste Landfills - Background Information for Proposed Standards
and Guidelines, Preliminary Draft. Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. March 1988.
32. Reference 3, p. 2.1-12.
33. Reference 3, p. 2.4-1.
34. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to the Ozoneville Regional Planning
Authority. Rural Population in County A in 1987. November 1988.
35. Reference 3, pp. 1.1-2 through 1.9-3.
36. Reference 6, pp. 31, 33, 34.
37. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1985 NEDS Annual Fuel Summary
Report. Requested by the Ozoneville SIP task force. October 1988.
38. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to Blue Ridge Natural Gas Company.
1987 Natural Gas Use by the Ozoneville MSA. September 1988.
39. Ozoneville Regional Planning Commission. Employment and Household
Projections: A Synoptic Report. February 1985.
40. Reference 3, Section 2.2
41. Reference 3, Section 11.1
42. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to the Regional Fire Marshall's
Office. Number of Fires Handled in 1987. October 1988.
43. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to the Ozoneville Fire Marshall's
Office. Number of Fires Handled in 1987. October 1988.
44. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to U. S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Office of Underground Storage Tanks. Population of Leaking
Underground Storage Tanks, Emissions. January 1989.
cao/005 3-77
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45. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air Pollutant
Emission Factors. Volume II: Mobile Sources. Fourth Edition. AP-42.
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park,
North Carolina. September 1985. pp. II-1-14, II-1-15.
46. Dun and Bradstreet Corporation. Official Airline Guide:' North American
Edition. Oakbrook, IL, May 1987.
47. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Procedures for Emission
Inventory Preparation, Volume IV: Mobile Sources. EPA-450/4-81-026d.
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. September 1981. p. 5-9.
48. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to the State Department of
Transportation, Aviation Division. Landing/Takeoff Data for Ozoneville
International Airport for 1987. January 1989.
49. U. S. Department of Commerce and Defense and the Federal Aviation
Administration. Ozoneville Sectional Aeronautical Chart. 45th Edition.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service,
Washington, D.C. 9 February 1989.
50. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force, to the State Wildlife Commission.
Number of Marine Vessels Registered in the Four Counties. October 1988.
51. Reference 45, pp. II-3-1 through II-4-2.
52. Reference 4, pp 9.06-4 through 9.06-8.
53. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Procedures for Emission
Inventory Preparation, Volume IV: Mobile Sources (Revised). EPA-450/4-
8-026d. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and Office of
Mobile Sources, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. July 1989.
•
54. Reference 45, pp. II-7-1, II-7-2.
55. Reference 4, p. 9.07-3.
56. Reference 5, p. 338.
57. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Exhaust Emissions from
Uncontrolled Vehicles and Related Equipment Using Internal Combustion
Engines - Part 5. Heavv-Dutv Farm. Construction, and Industrial Engines.
APTD-1494. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. October 1973.
58. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Methodology for Estimating
Emissions from Off Highway Mobile Sources for the PRS Program. EPA-
450/3-75-002. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. October 1974.
cao/005 3-78
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59. CENDATA. Online Information Utility of the U. S. Bureau of the Census
on DIALOG. Construction and Housing Data. July 1987.
60. Reference 45, pp. II-6-1, II-6-2.
61. U. S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 1985 Census of
Agriculture, Volume I. Geographic Area Series Part 33 (state).
62. Reference 3, pp. 3.3-1, 3.3-2.
63. Reference 5, p.34.
64. Industry Statistics, Inc. Inventory of Equipment Usage. National
Publishing Co., New York. c. 1986. p. 177.
65. Reference 45, p. II-5-2.
56. Reference 45, p. H-86.
67. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to the State Department of
Transportation, Motor Vehicle Registration Division. Number of
Motorcycles Registered in the Four-County Area. November 1988.
68. 1986 Motorcycle Statistical Annual. Motorcycle Industry Council, Inc.
Costa Mesa, California. 1986.
cao/005 3-79
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4.0 HIGHWAY VEHICLES
The Ozoneville MSA highway vehicle emissions inventory for reactive
volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of nitrogen (NOJ, and carbon
monoxide (CO) is presented in this section. The inventory addresses highway
vehicles using gasoline and diesel fuels (e.g., cars, light-duty trucks,
heavy-duty trucks, motorcycles). The emission estimates in the inventory are
for a typical weekday during the summer ozone season.
Guidance for the preparation of the highway vehicle portion of the
inventory was provided by the following references.1"3
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Procedures for Emission
Inventory Preparation, Volume IV: Mobile Sources. EPA-450/4-81-
026d (Revised). Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and
Office of Mobile Sources, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
July 1989.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. User's Guide to MOBILE4.
EPA-AA-TEB-89-01. Office of Mobile Sources, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
February 1989.
U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Guidelines for Review of
Highway Source Emission Inventories for 1982 State Implementation
Plans. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina. December 1980.
Demographic and employment data used in the travel modeling process were
presented in Section 1.0. The transportation models used to generate vehicle
miles traveled (VMT) were run by the Ozoneville Regional Planning Authority
(ORPA), with technical assistance provided by the Ozoneville Department of
Transportation (ODOT). The lead/technical person from ODOT and the person to
whom questions should be addressed is Jim Summer (phone 111-987-6543).
Supplementary -traffic data were supplied by various other State and local
agencies. Emission factors for highway vehicle classes were obtained from
EPA's recently released MOBILE4 model. All MOBILE4 runs were made by the
ODOT. The ORPA contact directly responsible for the preparation of the
highway vehicles portion of the inventory and the person to whom all questions
should be addressed is Ms. Mary Brown (111-123-5500).
The highway vehic-les inventory discussion is divided into four primary
sections. The first section, Section 4.1, addresses the highway configuration
cao/005 4-1
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in the Ozoneville MSA and the generation of VMT estimates. Section 4.2
describes how emission factors were generated by MOBILE4 and how those were
used to develop the emissions inventory. The third major section, Section
4.3, summarizes the quality assurance (QA) procedures employed on the overall
highway vehicles inventory process and data. References for Section 4.0 are
given in Section 4.4.
4.1 TRAVEL ESTIMATION PROCESS
4.1.1 Overview
The ORPA is the responsible agency for preparing the highway vehicle
emissions estimates. The emissions estimates were generated by multiplying
MOBILE4 emission factors by 1987 VMT estimates for the Ozoneville MSA. This
section focuses on how ORPA developed the VMT estimates used in the inventory.
The method used to generate VMT estimates was a Federal Highway Administration
(FHA) model known as the Urban Transportation Planning System (UTPS) model.
The UTPS model was used for the generation of VMT in all four counties (County
A, County B, County C, and County D) of the Ozoneville MSA. Since the
population of each county in the MSA is greater than 50,000, all were treated
as urban areas. The EPA guidance in Reference 2 indicates that rural areas
are defined by populations of 50,000 people or less and that non-modeling
techniques may be used to generate VMT estimates for rural areas.
The UTPS model used for the Ozoneville analysis consists of four sub-
models that simulate typical summer daytime traffic in all four MSA counties.
The sub-models address: 1) trip generation; 2) trip distribution; 3) mode
choice; and 4) traffic assignment. For Ozoneville, the four sub-models of the
UTPS model were calibrated using data from a 1985 home interview survey on
vehicle use and driving habits conducted jointly by ORPA and ODOT. The
predictions of the modeling process were validated using ODOT traffic count
data for 1987. The ORPA actually ran the UTPS model, but significant
technical input was received from the ODOT.
One of the most significant inputs of the ODOT was the specification of
the transportation or highway planning network for the Ozoneville MSA. The
transportation planning network includes expressways and interstates, major
cao/005 4-2
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and minor arterial roads, some collector/distributor streets, and selected
local streets. The ODOT had previously defined a network for basic regional
transportation planning purposes; the same network was applied to the highway
vehicle emissions inventory task. In the case of the Ozoneville MSA, all
geographic parts of the MSA are included in the ODOT transportation planning
area. However, not every road is a part of the network. As stated above, the
network is designed to represent the roads with the greatest traffic volumes.
Minor local streets (e.g., neighborhood streets) are not likely to be in the
network; however, VMT estimates were prepared for them. The major roads in
the Ozoneville MSA network are shown in Figure 4-1.
The ODOT has the network divided into zones of varying sizes. The
denser the road configuration and population, the smaller the zone size.
Within the detailed scale of a zone, individual roads are separated into links
by natural divisions such as intersections, zone boundaries, rivers, etc.
Each link is characterized by such parameters as the average daily traffic
level, typical operating speed, vehicle capacity, lane width, parking
restrictions, etc. In running the DTPS model, Ozoneville MSA-specific data on
the network and individual links were used whenever possible. When required
data were not available, model defaults were used.
A detailed description of the entire network was judged by-ORPA and ODOT
to be too cumbersome and unnecessary for the purpose of this document.
However, a detailed copy of the entire network by zone, all supporting
documentation (such as the 1985 home interview survey and traffic count data),
and all computer programs, data input and output files are maintained by Jim
Summer of ODOT. If necessary, these supporting data will be duplicated and
made available to the reviewing agency.
Section 4.1.2 contains a discussion of how the UTPS models were run by
the ORPA to determine VMT for the Ozoneville MSA, a description of the
methodology used to assess roads not in the planning network, and summary
tables containing the results of the UTPS model runs.
4.1.2 Ozoneville MSA VMT Determination
4.1.2.1 Trip Generation Model. The trip generation model of the UTPS was
used to estimate the number of person trips for home-based work (HBW), home-
cao/005 4-3
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based non-work (HBNW), and non-home-based (NHB) trip purposes and to predict
vehicle trips for trucks and taxis. Input variables to the model include
population, number of households, and number of employees overlain with the
structure of the highway network. The population and demographic data used in
the analysis were previously presented in Section 1.0. The trip generation
total was predicted using a cross classification model based on the 1985 home
interview survey, scaled up according to population to account for the
slightly increased size of the study area since 1985. The updates were made
by applying ratios based on the population increases created by the expanded
area. The number of trips was scaled up according to the corresponding
increase in people. The total forecasted number of daily vehicle trips in the
Ozoneville MSA in the base year is summarized in Table 4-1.
<.1.2.2 Trip Distribution Model. A production constrained gravity model was
used to distribute estimated vehicle trips (Table 4-1) across the
transportation network. This model is stratified by trip purpose and
distributes truck and taxi trips using impedances set equal to the network
travel times. For the other trip purposes, the impedance was a more
complicated function of both auto and transit travel times. To develop the
impedance for these trip purposes, the highway travel time was multiplied by a
factor of 0.75 to account for the impact that a low transit travel time (as
compared to highway travel time) has on trip distribution.
4.1.2.3 Mode Choice Model. A probit modal split model, calibrated from the
1985 home survey data, was used for the travel mode choice analysis. This
model was stratified by three trip purposes, two transit service types, and
tv:c suto ownership categories. Time and cost for transit and highway trips
were used as input variables. The mode choice model allocated person trips
for each of the trip purposes (HBW, HBNW and NHB) into two modes--auto and
transit. The auto trips were then subdivided into drivers and passengers
using an auto occupancy model. This modeling exercise was also based on 1985
home interview data and is stratified by trip purposes. Non-home-based trips
were assumed to have a constant occupancy of 1.34, while occupancies for the
other purposes were assumed to be functions of highway travel time. The
occupancy level was based on data from the 1985 home interview survey.
cao/005 4-4
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County Boundaries
cao/005
Figure 4-1. Overview of the Major Roads in the Ozoneville MSA
Transportation Planning Area Network
4-5
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TABLE 4-1. TOTAL FORECASTED DAILY VEHICLE TRIPS IN OZONEVILLE MSA
Number of Trips by Type
County
Auto
Truck
County A
County B
County C
County D
TOTAL
1,151,664
625,869
1,369,111
765.129
3,911,773
127,645
70,425
154,053
88,031
440,154
JQ.057
4-6
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Finally, the transit trips were subdivided into the two submodes (i.e., bus
and commuter rail) based on the assumption that all travelers will use the
shortest-time transit path to reach their destination. Trip tables were
produced for the base year according to trip purpose and mode.
4.1.2.4 Traffic Assignment Model. An iterative, capacity-restraint technique
was used to effectively load the forecasted number of vehicle trips onto the
Ozoneville MSA highway network. Specifically, vehicle trips were loaded onto
network links. Trips were loaded onto the network using an all-or-nothing
assignment technique. Travel times were readjusted on each link using volume
to capacity relationships and then the trips were re-loaded onto the revised
network. This process was repeated three times. The results from each
iteration were then averaged to produce a single set of link traffic volumes.
The loadings were combined with speed estimates and link distances to yield
VMT levels for each link (or equivalently road type) in the network. The
speed estimates used were taken from an Ozoneville MSA-specific study
conducted in 1985 by the ODOT. This study, Freeway and Arterial Operating
Speeds/ related speed for all vehicle types to link volume, capacity, legal
speed limits, and link traffic signal density. Copies of this study are
included with the inventory submittal. These same speeds were input to
MOBILE4 for emission factor generation purposes thus ensuring consistency
between the travel estimation process and the emissions estimation process.
The vehicle speeds used are summarized in Table 4-2 by highway type.
The summer ozone season daily VMT estimates determined for the
Ozoneville MSA are shown in Table 4-3 by road type. The Table 4-3 estimates
were stratified by eight vehicle classes using the national average VMT mix
values in MOBILE4 for the base year to yield VMT estimates by vehicle class.
The vehicle cl.ass VMT estimates are given in Table 4-4. The values reported
in Tables 4-3 and 4-4 were used to calculate base year highway vehicle
emissions for the Ozoneville MSA.
4.1.3 Quality Assurance of the Ozoneville MSA VMT Estimates
The ORPA has documented and assured the quality of the VMT estimates to
the extent possible using the general guidelines expressed in the following
reports:
cao/005 4-7
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TABLE 4-2. AVERAGE DAILY VEHICLE OPERATING SPEEDS BY HIGHWAY CLASSIFICATION
Average Operating Speed
Highway Classification (miles/hr)
Interstate/Freeway/Expressway 45
Major Arterial 32
Minor Arterial 22
Collector 22
Local 20
Average Daily Speed 28.2
Source: ODOT, Freeway and Arterial Operating Speeds.
JQ.057 4.3
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O
cn
-j
TABLE 4-3. OZONEVILLE MSA DAILY VMT BY COUNTY AND ROAD TYPE*
Road Type
Interstate/Freeway/
Expressway
Major Arterial
Minor Arterial
Collector
Local
TOTAL
County A
VMF
1,027,384
2,935,383
1,541,076
733,845
1,100,769
7,338,457
County B
VMT
558,329
1,595,226
837,494
398,806
598,211
3,988,066
County C
VMT
1,221,366
3,489,617
1,832,049
872,404
1,308,606
8,724,042
County D
VMT
697,961
1,994,174
1,046,941
498,543
747.816
4,985,435
Grand
Totals
3,489,640
9,970,400
5,234,560
2,492,599
3,738,901
24,926,000
"Numbers represent VMT for a typical summer weekday.
-------
o
en
TABLE 4-4. OZONEVILLE MSA DAILY VMT BY COUNTY AND VEHICLE CLASS
I
•—•
o
Vehicle
Class*
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
LDDV
LOOT
HDDV
MC
TOTAL
VMT Mix
Percentage1*
70.8
12.8
8.6
1.5
1.3
0.4
3.6
1.0
100
County A
VMT
5,195,628
939,322
631,107
110,077
95,400
29,354
264,184
73.385
7,338,457
County B
VMT
2,823,551
510,472
342,974
59,821
51,849
15,952
143,570
39,877
3,988,066
County C
VMT
6,176,622
1,116,677
750,268
130,861
113,413
34,896
314,067
87,238
8,724,042
County D
VMT
3,529,688
638,136
428,747
74,782
64,811
19,942
179,476
49.854
4,985,435
Grand
Totals
17,725,489
3,204,607
2,153,096
375,541
325,473
100,144
901,297
250,354
24,926,000
*LDGV = light-duty gasoline vehicle
LDGT1 = light-duty gasoline trucks up to 6000 Ibs gross vehicle weight
LDGT2 = light-duty gasoline trucks from 6001-8500 Ibs gross vehicle weight
HDGV = heavy-duty gasoline vehicle over 8500 Ibs gross vehicle weight
LDDV = light-duty diesel vehicle
LDDT = light-duty diesel truck (0-8500 Ibs gross vehicle weight)
HDDV = heavy-duty diesel vehicle (over 8500 Ibs gross vehicle weight)
MC = motorcycles
bObtained from MOBILE4 national average values
-------
Procedures for Emission Inventory Preparation, Volume IV: Mobile
Sources. EPA 405/4-81-926d (Revised) July 1989;2 and
Quality Assurance Program for Post-1987 Ozone and Carbon Monoxide
State Implementation Plan Emission Inventories (EPA-450/4-89-004)
February 1989."
General completeness and accuracy checks were performed by having independent
doublechecking of all DTPS model inputs and data entry procedures. The
information to be entered into the models was checked against a master data
file by independent reviewers. Once entered, the data in the model were
validated for accuracy by having two independent reviewers check all entries.
All data entry errors were corrected and the model inputs re-checked to ensure
the proper corrections were made.
The reasonableness of the VMT estimates produced by the UTPS link-based
modeling approach described in Section 4.1.2 was primarily validated using
ground counts made by the ODOT. Ground counts made in 1984 and 1986 for
several screen!ines across the highway network were compared to the simulated
values produced by the models for 1987. The results of this comparison showed
that the estimated error was within 10 percent for 9 of the 12 screen!ines and
that the total simulated traffic crossing all screen!ines overestimated the
observed traffic by 3 percent. These comparisons are shown in Table 4-5.
Since EPA guidance states that assigned-to-measured volume closure to within
10 percent is acceptable,2 the traffic assignments simulated by the ORPA UTPS
modeling and the resulting VMT estimates were judged to be reasonable and
valid for the purposes of the inventory.
An additional QA check was made by comparing 1986 observed crossings of
the Flood River Cordon line to model simulated crossings of this cordon. The
results show that the maximum error for the various segments of the cordon was
13 percent, while the error for the entire cordon was 5 percent. Finally,
1987 simulated and observed transit patronage (by submode) was compared (see
Table 4-6). Although the simulation models underestimated commuter rail
travel by 15 percent, total transit patronage was estimated to within about 1
percent.
cao/005 4-11
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TABLE 4-5. SUMMARY OF UTPS MODEL TRAFFIC ASSIGNMENT VALIDATION
ooor
Screen! ine Ground Count
A 348,088
B 191,127
C 395,446
? 228,271
E 223,546
F 137,507
G 55,846
H 162,410
I 57,455
J 84,319
K 152,648
L 227.482
TOTAL 2,264,145
UTPS Traffic"
Model Assignment
354,451
200,525
439,049
260,778
208,984
131,057
43,655
156,854
56,181
82,810
164,541
224,662
2,323,547
Ratio of
Assignment/Ground
Count
1.02
1.05
1.11
1.14
0.93
0.96
0.78
0.97
0.98
0.98
1.08
0.99
1.03
aODOT = Ozoneville Department of Transportation
-J7P5 = Urban Transportaiton Planning System
JQ.057
4-12
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TABLE 4-6. QA COMPARISON CHECK OF 1987 PASSENGER COUNTS TO MODEL-
ASSIGNED VOLUMES FOR OZONEVILLE MSA TRANSIT PATRONAGE
Transit 1987 Passenger 1987 Assigned Differences
Submode Counts Volumes (Percentages)
Commuter Rail 3,600 3,060 15
Bus 548.400 543.420 - 0.9
Total 552,000 546,480 1
JQ.057 4_13
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4.2 EMISSIONS ESTIMATION PROCESS
4.2.1 Overview of Highway Vehicle Emissions Estimates
Highway vehicle emission estimates for the Ozoneville MSA were
calculated using the VMT estimates presented in Section 4.1 and EPA's mobile
source emission factor model MOBILE4. The emission factors produced by
MOBILE4 in grams/mile (g/mile) were multiplied by the VMT estimates to
generate total emissions. Emission estimates were calculated for VOC, NOX,
and CO. Estimates of VOC emissions were made for vehicle exhaust,
evaporative, and running losses. The only sources of NOX and CO emissions
were vehicle exhaust emissions. The base year of all highway vehicle emission
estimates is 1987. The agencies principally involved in producing the highway
vehicle emission estimates were the ODOT and the ORPA. All MOBILE4 runs were
made by the ODOT. The overall contact for all MOBILE4 highway vehicle
emissions estimates is Mr. Jim Summer (111-987-6543).
The inputs used to run the MOBILE4 model are described and presented in
Section 4.2.2. The emission factors generated by MOBILE4 are presented
in Section 4.2.3. The combination of the MOBILE4 emission factors with VMT
estimates to yield Ozoneville MSA highway vehicle emissions estimates is
described in Section 4.2.4. Emissions are summarized in tabular form by
county, road type, and vehicle class.
The approaches and procedures used to assure the quality of the vehicle
emissions estimates are discussed in Section 4.3. References for this section
are listed in Section 4.4.
4.2.2 Incuts to MOBILE4
The chief inputs to MOBILE4 can be grouped into two categories: one-
time data and scenario-specific data. As the name implies, one-time data were
established for the Ozoneville MSA analysis and not changed. Scenario-
specific data can be varied to reflect a variable set of local conditions.
The values used for each grouping in the Ozoneville MSA analysis are presented
below and justified.
cao/005 4-14
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4.2.2.1 One-time Data. Eleven separate parameters fall into the one-time data
grouping. The values used for these parameters reflect a combination of
Ozoneville MSA-specific values and MOBILE4 default values. Each is described
below.
Tampering Rates - Vehicle tampering rates supplied in MOBILE4 were used in
this analysis; therefore, in the "control" section of MOBILE4 TAMFLG was set
equal to 1. Ozoneville MSA-specific values were not available.
VMT Mix bv Vehicle Type - This parameter specified the fraction of total
highway VMT that is accumulated by each of eight vehicle classes. For the
purposes of the Ozoneville MSA work, the national average VMT mix values in
MOBILE4 were used (i.e., VMFLAG=1). The Ozoneville area was judged to be
typical of the urban areas on which the national data were based.
Annual Mileage Accumulation Rates Based on the guidance in the MOBILE4
User's Guide, mileage accumulation rates included in MOBILE4 were used for
this analysis. The control parameter MYMRFG was set equal to 1 indicating
that both MOBILE4 mileage accumulation rates and registration distributions
were used. As a quick check, Ozoneville MSA vehicle registrations were
determined for light-duty gasoline vehicles and light-duty diesel vehicles.
For these vehicle classes across all vehicle age groups, the Ozoneville MSA-
specific values varied less than 5 percent on average from the MOBILE4 values.
This check reinforced the use of the MOBILE4 defaults.
Basic Emission Rates - The basic vehicle emission rates contained in MOBILE4
were used for Ozoneville. The User's Guide specifies that alternative rates
are not to be used without prior EPA approval. The ORPA did not have any
alternative raies and felt the MOBILE4 values were appropriate for the MSA.
Inspection and Maintenance (I&M) Program - This parameter requires the
specification of whether or not the area has an I&M program and if so what its
components are. The Ozoneville MSA has an I&M program in operation in all
four counties of the MSA. The effects of this program were factored into the
MOBILE4 analysis. MOBILE4 requires that the I&M program in effect be
characterized by the following parameters.
cao/005 4-15
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Program start year (calendar year that program begins)
Stringency level (percent)
First (earliest) and last (latest) model years of vehicles
subject to the requirements of the program
Waiver rates (percent of failed vehicles; one rate
applicable to pre-model year 1981 vehicles and one
applicable to 1981 and later model year vehicles)
Compliance rate (percent)
Program type (centralized; decentralized and computerized;
or decentralized and manual)
Frequency of inspection (annual or biennial) whether or not
each of four-possible vehicle types (LDGV, LDGT1, LDGT2,
HDGV) are covered by the program
Test type (idle, 2500/idle, loaded/idle)
The values used for each of these parameters for Ozoneville MSA MOBILE4
analysis are listed below.
Start year (January 1): 1982
Pre-1981 MYR stringency rate: 10%
First model year covered: 1975
Last model year covered: 2020
Waiver rate (pre-1981): 10%
Waiver rate (1981 and newer): 10%
Compliance Rate: 90%
Inspection type: Computerized, decentralized
Inspection frequency Annual
Vehicle types covered: LDGV - Yes
LDGT1 - Yes
LDGT2 - Yes
HDGV - Yes
1981 & later MYR test type: Idle
Anti-tampering Program - An anti-tampering program is in effect in Ozoneville
MSA counties and this program was factored into the MOBILE4 run. Like the I&M
component, several local parameters must be specified. These are listed
below:
cao/005 4-16
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Start year (calendar year in which the program begins)
First (earliest) and last (most recent) model years of
vehicles subject to the program
Whether or not each of four possible vehicle types (LDGV,
LDGT1, LDGT2, HDGV) are covered by the program
Program type (centralized or decentralized)
Frequency of inspection (annual or biennial)
Compliance rate (percent)
Inspections performed (air system, catalyst, fuel inlet
restrictor, tailpipe lead deposit test, EGP system,
evaporative system, PCV, gas cap)
The Ozoneville MSA values for these parameters are summarized as follows
Start year (January 1): 1982
First model year covered: 1975
Last model year covered: 2020
Vehicle types covered: LDGV, LDGT1, LDGT2, HDGV
Type: Decentrali zed
Frequency: Annual
Compliance rate: 90.0%
Inspections performed:
Air pump system disablement: Yes
Catalyst removals: Yes
Fuel inlet restrictor disablement: Yes
Tailpipe lead deposit test: No
EGR disablement: No
Evaporative system disablement: Yes
PCV system disablement: Yes
Missing gas caps: No
cao/005 4-17
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Refueling Emissions - Refueling emissions for the Ozoneville MSA were not
evaluated using MOBILE4. Instead, they were handled as area sources under the
gasoline marketing/distribution area sources category in Section 3. For this
reason the refueling emissions control in MOBILE4, RLFLAG, was set equal to:
5-account for refueling emissions elsewhere in the inventory.
ASTM Volatility Class - The ASTM volatility class for the Ozoneville MSA is C.
Minimum and Maximum Daily Temperature - Data on minimum and maximum daily
temperatures for the Ozoneville MSA were collected from the National
Climatological Data Center for the three-year design period. -An average was
taken of the minimum and maximum values that occurred on the 10 d-ys in which
the highest ozone concentrations were observed over the three-year design
neriod. These minimum and maximum averages are:
minimum daily temperature - 71°F
maximum daily temperature - 95°F.
Base Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP) - The base year RVP for the Ozoneville MSA was
determined from a publication by the National Institute for Petroleum and
Energy Research (NIPER).6 The NIPER publication indicated that the average
RVP for summertime gasolines in this part of the country is 10.8. 10.8 was
used as the base year RVP for all Ozoneville MOBILE4 runs.
In-use RVP/Start Year - This feature of MOBILE4 allows the effect of a fuel
volatility control program on emissions to be modeled over time. Since this
Document addresses base year emissions only, this feature of MOBILE4 will not
be used. The default values to exclude the analysis of fuel volatility
control effects require the specification of in-use RVP to be the same as base
RVP (10.8) and the start year as 2020.
4.2.2.2 Scenario-specific Data. This part of MOBILE4 allows the
specification of data for several parameters that can be varied to evaluate
many different mobile source emission scenarios. These parameters are defined
as follows:
cao/005 4-18
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Region (low or high altitude)
Calendar Year (of the estimates)
Speed (specify average speed for each vehicle class)
Ambient Temperature (average during ozone season)
Operating Modes (percent hot-start, cold-start, stabilized start)
Additional Correction Factors for LDGVs and LDGTs (account for air
conditioning usage, extra loading, trailer towing, and humidity)
The values of these parameters used for the Ozoneville MSA emissions inventory
are summarized below.
Region This parameter requires the specification of the geographic area in
terms of altitude. Ozoneville was characterized as low altitude for the
purposes of the MOBILE4 analysis.
Calendar Year - The base calendar year for the analysis was 1987.
Speed - A single speed was assumed for all vehicle classes. The speed was
derived from the ODOT study Freeway and Arterial Operating Speeds.5 The
average speed determined from this study for all road types of 28.2 miles per
hour was applied to each of the eight vehicle classes in MOBILE4.
Ambient Temperature - The mean ambient daytime temperature was determined from
National Climatological Data Center information for 1987 and 1986. The mean
daytime temperatures for days in these years on which ozone standard
exceedances occurred were averaged to yield a single ambient temperature. The
temperature used for all MOBILE4 purposes was 89.5°F.
Operating Modes - Ozoneville MSA-specific data on operating modes were not
available. Therefore, as strongly recommended in the MOBILE4 User's Guide,
MOBILE4 operating mode default values were used for all Ozoneville MSA
analyses. The three principal values that must be expressed are percent cold-
start/non-catalyst VMT (PCCN), percent cold-start/catalyst VMT (PCCC), and
cao/005 4-19
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percent hot-start/catalyst VMT (PCHC). The MOBILE4 default values used for
these parameters are:
PCCN - 20.6%
PCCC - 20.6%
PCHC - 27.3%
The other relevant operating mode conditions of stabilized-start/catalyst VMT,
stabilized-start/non-catalyst VMT, and hot-start/non-catalyst VMT are derived
internally by MOBILE4 using PCCN, PCCC, and PCHC.
Additional Correction Factors - MOBILE4 provides the user the opportunity to
provide additional minor corrections to the emission factors for light-duty
gas vehicles and gas trucks (LDGVs, LDGTls, and LDGTZs). Exhaust emission
factors can be adjusted to account for air conditioning usage, extra loading,
and trailer towing. There is also a humidity correction factor that can be
applied to NOX exhaust emissions only. The humidity factor can be applied for
motorcycles as well as LDGVs and LDGTs.
Based on the guidance in the MOBILE4 User's Guide, no additional
correction factors were used in the Ozoneville MSA MOBILE4 analysis. The
guidance indicated that such corrections are rarely necessary and many of the
assumptions underlying the corrections have not been updated since the release
of MOBILE2. For these reasons, they were not applied to the Ozoneville
analysis.
4.2.3 Outputs from MOBILE4
The input structure described in Section 4.2.2 was put into MOBILE4 for
the Ozoneville MSA by the ODOT. The emission factors generated by MOBILE4 for
the Ozoneville MSA situation in the base year 1987 are presented in Table 4-
7. The complete MOBILE4 output run for the base year modeled is shown in
Table 4-8.
4.2.4 Summary of Highway Vehicle Emissions
Highway vehicle emission estimates were calculated by multiplying the
MOBILE4-generated emission factors (Table 4-7) by the VMT data in Table 4-4.
cao/005 4-20
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TABLE 4-7. EMISSION FACTORS GENERATED BY MOBILE4 FOR OZONEVILLE MSA BASE YEAR HIGHWAY VEHICLE INVENTORY
Composite Emission Factors (qrams/mi le)
Vehicle
Type* No-Mth HC
IDGV 5.42
LDGT1 4.85
LDGT2 5.73
IDGT 5.21
,. ,: . ri . 05
.;;.v 0.62
JDT O.SO
HDDV 2.80
"C 6.45
Ail
Vehicles 5.29
Exhst HCC
2.06
2.65
2.89
2.74
4.42
0.62
0.80
2.80
2.78
2.26
Evap HCd
1.58
1.05
1.66
1.30
3.93
NEh
NE
NE
3.66
1.49
Running HCe
1.78
1.15
1.18
1.16
2.70
NE
NE
NE
NE
1.55
Exhst C0f
29.78
36.02
35.79
35.93
97.81
1.59
1.77
12.94
26.55
31.02
Exhst N0xg
1.61
1.95
2.10
2.01
5 .22
1.56
1 .78
19.71
0.73
2.40
*DGV = light-duty gasoline vehicle
LDGT1 = light-duty gasoline trucks up to 6000 Ibs gross vehicle weight
LDGT2 = light-duty gasoline trucks from 6001-8500 Ibs gross vehicle weight
HDGV = heavy-duty gasoline vehicle over 8500 Ibs gross vehicle weight
LOOV = light-duty diesel vehicle
LOOT = light-duty diesel truck (0-8500 Ibs gross vehicle weight)
HDOV = heavy-duty diesel vehicle (over 8500 Ibs gross vehicle weight)
HC = motorcycles
"No-Mth HC = Non-inethane hydrocaron emissions. No-Mth HC = Exhst HC + Evap HC + Running HC
"Exhst HC = Exhaust hydrocarbon emissions
"Evap HC a Evaporative hydrocarbon emissions
.Running HC = Running loss hydrocarbon emissions
^Exrsst CO = Exhaust carbon monoxide emissions
"Exhst NOX = Exhaust nitrogen oxides emissions
V = Hot evaluated in KOBILE4
JQ.057
4-21
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TABLE 4-8. COMPLETE HOBILE4 OUTPUT FOR THE OZONEVILLE MSA
1987 OzoneviUe/RVP 10.8/Speed 19.6/With Current I/M Prog
I/M program selected:
Start year (January 1):
Pre-1981 HYR stringency rate:
First model year covered:
Last model year covered:
Waiver rate (pre-1981)
Waiver rate (1981 and newer):
Compliance Rate:
Inspection type:
Inspection frequency:
Vehicle types covered:
1981 & later HYR test type:
Anti-tampering program selected: •
Start year (January 1):
First model year covered:
Last model year covered:
Vehicle types covered:
Type:
Frequency:
Compliance Rate:
Air pump system disablements:
Catalyst removals:
Fuel inlet restrictor disablements:
Tailpipe lead deposit test:
EGR disablement:
Evaporative system disablements:
PCV system disablements:
Hissing gas caps:
1982
10X
1975
2020
10X
10%
90X
Computerized, decentralized
Annual
LDGV Yes
LDGT1 - Yes
LDGT2 - Yes
HDGV - Yes
Idle
1982
1975
2020
LDGV, LDGT1, LDGT2, HDGV
Decentralized
Annual
90.OX
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
Yes
Yes
No
Ozoneville, USA
ASTM Class: C
Minimum Temp: 71°(F) Maximum Temp: 95° (F)
Base RVP: 10.8 In-use (IU) RVP: 10.8 IU 1st Yr: 2020
Non-methane HC emission factors include evaporative HC emission factors
Cal. Year: 1987
Region: Low
I/M Program: Yes
Anti-tarn. Program: Yes
Altitude: 500. Ft.
Ambient Temp: 89.57 89.5/ 89.5 F
Operating Mode: 20.6/ 27.37 20.6
Veh.
Type Veh:
Veh.Spd:
VMT Mix:
LDGV
28.2
LDGT1
28.2
.708
LDGT2
28.2
.128
LDGT HDGV
28.2
.086
LDDV
.015
LDDT
28.2
.013
HDDV
28.2
.004
MC
28.2
.036
All Veh
28.2 28.2
.010
28.2
Composite Emission Factors (GM/Mile)
No-Mth HC:
Exhst HC:
Evap HC:
Run ing HC:
Exhst CO:
Exhst NOx:
5.42
2.06
1.58
1.78
29.78
1.61
4.85
2.65
1.05
1.15
36.02
1.95
5.73
2.89
1.66
1.18
35.79
2.10
5.21
2.74
1.30
1.16
35.93
2.01
11.05
4.42
3.93
2.70
97.81
5.22
.62
.62
1.59
1.56
.80
.80
1.77
1.78
2.80
2.80
12.94
19.71
6.45
2.78
3.66
26.55
.73
5.
2.
1.
1.
31
2.
29
26
49
55
.02
40
JQ.057
4-22
-------
Total VOC, NOX, and CO highway vehicle emissions by county are listed in Table
4-9. Ozoneville MSA highway vehicle emissions by vehicle class are provided
in Tables 4-10, 4-11, and 4-12 respectively for VOC, CO, and NOX. A similar
presentation of emissions data is given in Tables 4-13, 4-14, and 4-15 for
emissions expressed as a function of roadway type. The roadway type emissions
distribution was keyed off the daily VMT presented in Table 4-3.
4.3 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCESS
The quality assurance (QA) process performed on the highway vehicle
emission estimates included accuracy, completeness, and reasonability checks.
For accuracy and completeness, a system was used that included a two-layer,
independent reviewer set-up. All hard copy and computer-based data entries
were reviewed independently for accuracy and completeness by two different
people. All calculations procedures were similarly reviewed. Any errors were
brought to the attention of the ODOT inventory coordinator. Once corrected,
the changes were re-checked by the reviewers. The entire highway vehicle
emissions inventory was reviewed by ODOT and ORPA members that did not
directly participate in its development. All comments were addressed to the
satisfaction of the ODOT and ORPA mobile sources inventory coordinators.
The reasonability of the highway vehicle emissions inventory was
evaluated using guidelines published in the EPA document Guidelines for the
Review of Emissions Inventories for Highway Emissions (EPA-440/12-80-002)-1
This document provided values and comparison parameters that could be compared
against the Ozoneville MSA inventory to gauge the overall reasonability of
the emissions inventory. The specific parameters evaluated are summarized in
Table 4-16. As shown in the table, the Ozoneville values were predominantly
well within the tolerance ranges for reasonability. The traffic count
programs summarized in Section 4.1.3 reinforce the reasonability of the VMT
estimates. The combination of these values with the MOBILE4-generated
emission factors indicates that the Ozoneville MSA highway vehicle emissions
estimated in Table 4-9 are reasonable for an area with the demographics stated
in Section 1.
cao/005 4-23
-------
TABLE 4-9. OZONEVILLE MSA VOC, NOX, AND CO EMISSIONS FROM HIGHWAY VEHICLES
County
A
B
C
D
Total for
the MSA
VOC
42.8
23.3
50.9
29.1
146.1
Ozoneville MSA Emissions
CO
250.7
136.3
298.1
170.4
855.5
(tons/day)*
NOX
19.4
10.5
23.0
13.1
66.0
'Emissions are for the base year 1987. They represent daily emission
estimates during the summer ozone season.
cao/005 4-24
-------
o
o
TABLE 4-10. SUMMARY OF OZONEVILLE MSA HIGHWAY VEHICLE VOC EMISSIONS BY VEHICLE CLASS
i
ro
in
Ozoneville MSA Emissions (Ions/day)"
Vehicle Class
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
LDDV
LOOT
HDDV
MC
TOTAL
County A
31.0
5.0
4.0
1.3
0.1
0.03
0.8
0.5
42.8
County B
16.9
2.7
2.2
0.7
0.04
0.01
0.4
0.3
23.3
County C
36.9
6.0
4.7
1.6
0.1
0.03
1.0
0.6
50.9
County D
21.1
3.4
2.7
0.9
0.04
0.02
0.6
0.4
29.1
Total MSA
105.9
17.1
13.6
4.6
0.2
0.1
2.8
1.8
146.1
'Emissions are for the base year 1987. They represent daily emission estimates during the summer ozone season,
Numbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
-------
0
o
o
0
en
-**
ro
cn
Vehicle
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
HDGV
LDDV
LDDT
HDDV
MC
TOTAL
TABLE 4-11. SUMMARY
Class County A
170.6
37.3
24.9
11.9
0.2
0.1
3.8
2.1
250.8
Of OZONEVILLE MSA HIGHWAY
Ozoneville MSA
County B
92.7
20.3
13.5
6.4
0.1
0.03
2.0
1.2
136.3
VEHICLE CO
Emissions
County C
202.8
44.3
29.6
14.1
0.2
0.1
4.5
2.6
298.1
EMISSIONS BY VEHICLE
(tons/day)"
County D
115.9
25.3
16.9
8.1
0.1
0.04
2.6
1.5
170.4
CLASS
Total MSA
581.9
127.2
84.9
40.5
0.6
0.2
12.9
7.3
855.5
"Emissions are for the base year 1987. They represent daily emission estimates during the summer ozone season.
Numbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
-------
o
tu
O
0
O
en
TABLE 4-12.
Vehicle Class
LDGV
LDGT1
LDGT2
-*>• HDGV
^ LDDV
LDDT
HDDV
MC
TOTAL
SUMMARY OF
1
County A
9.2
2.0
1.5
0.6
0.2
0.1
5.7
0.1
19.4
OZONEVILLE MSA HIGHWAY
Ozoneville
County B
5.0
1.1
0.8
0.3
0.1
0.03
3.1
0.03
10.5
VEHICLE NOV
A
EMISSIONS BY VEHICLE
CLASS
MSA Emissions (tons/day)3
County C
11.0
2.4
1.7
0.8
0.2
0.1
6.8
0.1
23.0
County D
6.3
1.4
1.0
0.4
0.1
0.04
3.9
0.04
13.1
Total MSA
31.5
6.9
5.0
2.2
0.6
0.2
19.6
0.2
66.0
Emissions are for the base year 1987. They represent daily emission estimates during the summer ozone season.
Numbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
-------
o
0
S TABLE 4-13. SUMMARY OF
Roadway Type
Interstate/Freeway/
Expressway
Major Arterial
Minor Arterial
Collector
^ Local
i
" TOTAL
County A
6.0
17.1
9.0
4.3
6.4
42.8
OZONEVILLE MSA HIGHWAY VEHICLE VOC [MISSIONS BY ROADWAY
Ozoneville
County B
3.3
9.3
4.9
2.3
3.5
23.3
TYPE
MSA Emissions (tons/day)*
County C
7.1
20.4
10.7
5.1
7.6
50.9
County D
4.1
11.6
6.1
2.9
4.4
29.1
Total MSA
20.5
58.4
30.7
14.6
21.9
146.1
'Emissions are for the base year 1987. They represent daily emission estimates during the summer ozone season.
Numbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
-------
-------
o
(U
o
o
o
Ul
TABLE 4-15. SUMMARY
()l: OZONEVILLE
MSA HIGHWAY VEHICLE
Ozoneville MSA
-P.
o
Roadway Type
Interstate/Freeway/
Expressway
Major Arterial
Minor Arterial
Collector
Local
TOTAL
County, A
2.7
7.8
4.1
1.9
2.9
19.4
County B
1.5
4.2
2.2
1.1
1.6
10.5
County C
3.2
9.2
4.8
2.3
3.5
23.0
Emissions
County
1.8
5.2
2.8
1.3
2.0
13.1
NOX EMISSIONS BY ROADWAY TYPE
(tons/day)*
D Total MSA
9.2
26.4
13.9
6.6
9.9
66.0
"Emissions are for the base year 1987. They represent daily emission estimates during the
summer ozone season. Numbers may not sum to the totals due to rounding.
-------
o
tt>
O
O
O
en
TABLE 4-16. SUMMARY OF QUALITY ASSURANCE REASONABLENESS CHECKS FOR HIE OZONEVILLE MSA HIGHWAY
VEHICLE (.MISSIONS INVENTORY
Parameter
Ozoneville Inventory
Value
Reasonableness
Criteria3
Comments
10
Average Daily VMT
per Ca'pita
% VMT by Functional
Road Class
- Interstate
- Major Arterial
- Minor Arterial
- Collector
- Local
19.4 miles/person
15-21 miles/person
14%
40%
21%
10%
15%
10
20
21
8
14
31%
46%
23%
14%
23%
In the reasonable range
In the reasonable range
In the reasonable range
In the reasonable range
In the reasonable range
In the reasonable range
Average-Daily Operating
Speed by Functional Class
- Interstate 45 mph
- Major Arterial 32 mph
- Minor Arterial 22 mph
- Collector 22 mph
- Local 20 mph
Average Daily Operating 28.2 mph
Speed for the System
Average Daily Trip 19.2 min
Length
35
25
20
20
20
50 mph
30 mph
25 mph
25 mph
25 mph
20 - 35 mph
15 - 19 min
In the reasonable range
7% over range maximum
In the reasonable range
In the reasonable range
In the reasonable range
In the reasonable range
1% over the range maximum
"Source: Guidelines for the Review of Emissions Inventories for Highway Emissions
(EPA-440/12-80-002)
-------
4.4 REFERENCES FOR.SECTION 4
1. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Guidelines for Review of.Highway
Source Emission Inventories for 1982 State Implementation Plans. Office
of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, North
Carolina. December 1980.
2. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Procedures for Emission
Inventory Preparation, Volume IV; Mobile Sources.. EPA-450/4-81-026d
(Revised). Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and Office of
Mobile Sources, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. July 1989.
3. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Quality Assurance Program
for Post-1987 Ozone and Carbon Monoxide State Implementation Plan
Emission Inventories. EPA-450/4-89-004. Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
March 1989.
-. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. User's Guide to MOBILE4. EPA-
AA-TEB-89-01, Office of Mobile Sources, Ann Arbor, Michigan. February
1989.
5. Ozoneville Department of Transportation. Freeway and Arterial Operating
Speeds. Ozoneville, USA. November 1985.
6. National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research. Motor Gasolines.
Summer 1987. NIPER-149PPS, 88/1. Bartlesville, Oklahoma. March 1988.
cao/005 4-32
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5.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE
A major component of the Ozoneville Emission Inventory effort was the
development of and implementation of an overall quality assurance (QA)
program. The purpose of this program was to define a planned and systematic
pattern of activities that would provide confidence that the resulting
emission inventory would be of such quality to meet the overall requirements
of EPA and of sufficient quality to be the basis of reliable strategy planning
and attainment demonstration. The key elements of this overall plan were
outlined in a document1 submitted to the Regional EPA by the State Department
of Environmental Regulation (DER) in October 1988. The QA program was
administered by the State-wide QA coordinator, and executed by joint
cooperation between the DER, the Ozoneville Department of Transportation
(ODOT), and the Ozoneville Regional Planning Authority (ORPA).
The three specific goals of the QA program were to ensure the
development of an emission inventory that was complete, accurate, and in
compliance with the content and reporting requirements outlined in the post-87
Policy. The- following subsections describes elements of the QA program that
were performed by the ORPA and ODOT during the course of preparing this
inventory. The results of the external QA performed by the State DER has been
prepared and submitted in a separate report.2 Each of the following
subsections address quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) actions as they
relate to the three overall program goals; completeness, accuracy, and
compliance with EPA requirements.
5.1 COMPLETENESS
EPA guidance materials were closely followed to ensure that all
categories (i.e., point, area and mobile) of emission producing activity were
included in the MSA inventory. As described in Section 2, a concerted effort
was made on the part of the ORPA to ensure that all potential point source
facilities were identified and screened as part of the inventory effort. This
was accomplished by developing an exhaustive listing of plant/facilities and
5-1
-------
businesses compiled from the existing point source inventory, State Directory
of Manufacturing Firms, County Business Directories, and Electronic Yellow
Pages. Data collected through survey responses, telephone calls, and plant
visits were then used to verify the preliminary listing and to develop a
refined and complete point source listing. Further checks on the completeness
of the inventory were made by cross-referencing the area-wide listing with
other industrial listings such as those developed for water permits, SARA 313
data submittals, etc.
The completeness of the mobile and area source component of the
inventory was ensured by closely adhering to the EPA guidance documents,3'4
thereby ensuring that all components and aspects of each of the inventory
types were adequately addressed.
5.2 ACCURACY
The QA/QC activities were designed to address accuracy by focusing on
two aspects. The first included the assessment of each of the emission
estimates in light of their "reasonableness". The second aspect involved
specific procedures for checking the accuracy of calculations and confirming
data entry.
5.2.1 Reasonableness Checks
Potential data outliers were identified by comparing the relative
magnitudes of emission estimates from facilities performing similar
activities. Data points that appeared as outliers in relation to other data
were investigated fully and corrections made if errors were found.
A systematic way of uniformly performing reasonableness checks on point
source estimates was accomplished by using experienced permit engineers.
Several permit engineers who were not involved in the inventory development
process were used to peer review the compiled data. Based on their experience
with a wide variety of industrial sources, they were able to quickly identify
values that were unreasonable in light of the process being described. In
each of those cases, re-checking of the calculations led to the identification
and correction of arithmetic errors.
5-2
-------
Reasonableness checks were performed for several area source category
estimates by comparing the results from two independent estimation approaches.
For example, emission results derived using per capita emission factors, were
compared to emission results based on activity estimates. For area sources,
emission estimates were considered to be reasonable if independent approaches
yielded estimates that did not deviate by more than 50 percent. In cases
where multiple estimation approaches were not feasible, internal consistency
checks were made to verify the reasonableness of the numbers. For example,
emission estimates derived for several categories that involved small
businesses (i.e., dry cleaning, service stations, etc.) were evaluated by
obtaining business counts from county business directories and converting the
category wide emission estimates to a per facility basis. Using activity/
emissions relationships noted in AP-425 or in gathered data, activity
throughput data were estimated on a per facility basis. Activity throughput
estimates (tons of clothes cleaned per year, gallons of gasoline sold per
year, etc.) on a facility basis were then assessed for reasonableness and
obvious outliers were re-evaluated.
The reasonableness of the highway vehicle emissions inventory was
evaluated using guidelines published in the EPA document Guide! ines for the
Review of Emissions Inventories for Highway Emissions (EPA-440/12-80-002) .6
This document provided values and comparison parameters that could be compared
against the Ozoneville MSA inventory to gauge the overall reasonableness of
the emissions inventory. The Ozoneville MSA values were predominantly well
within the tolerance ranges for reasonableness.6 The traffic count programs
which were performed as part of this study reinforce the reasonability of the
VriT estimates. The combination of these values with the MOBILE4-generated
emission factors indicates that the Ozoneville MSA highway vehicle emissions
estimates are.reasonable for an area with the demographics stated in Chapter
1.
5.2.2 Data Entry and Calculation Checks
Data entry errors in the point source inventory component were minimized
by entering information into the SAMS system using pre-formatted data entry
forms. Independent data entry checks were also performed on all data entries.
5-3
-------
Features built into the SAMS system also served to identify and minimize
keypunch errors. Examples include the quality control features that will not
allow assignment of non-existent SIC codes, features that mandate consistency
of the operations schedules and daily emission calculations, etc. Independent
checks were made for each facility to ensure that the process data and
emissions data were internally consistent. During the review process, several
inconsistencies were found where the maximum hourly process rate, emission
factor, and annual operating schedule data reported by industries did not
match with estimates of annual and daily emissions. In each case, follow-up
contacts were made with the plants and the discrepancies were resolved.
Data entry and calculation errors were minimized in the area and mobile
source inventory components by independent check and review of all
calculations. Any errors identified during the review procedures were brought
to the attention of the ODOT inventory coordinator for mobile inventory and
the ORPA coordinator for the area sources inventory. Once corrected, the
changes were re-checked by the reviewers. The entire mobile and area
emissions inventory components were reviewed by ODOT and ORPA members that did
not directly participate in their development. All comments were addressed to
the satisfaction of the ODOT and ORPA inventory coordinators.
5.3 COMPLIANCE WITH EPA CONTENT AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
EPA guidance documents were used as the basis for all inventory
development activities. These documents, as well as information learned in
the Regional workshop, were used in all stages of the inventory development
planning, data collection, data compilation and reporting activities. The
SAMS data management system was also used to ensure that inventory reporting
activities wece consistent and compatible with EPA review procedures.
Finally, the EPA Quality Assurance checklist was used as a self examination
tool to identify any potential aspect of the inventory that could be viewed as
deficient by EPA reviewers. Appendix D of this document contains this self
evaluation checklist (from the Requirements Document7).
5-4
-------
5.4 REFERENCES FOR SECTION 5
1. State Department of Environmental Regulation. Quality Assurance
Plan to Support the Ozoneville MSA Emission Inventory Development.
Draft Report. October 1988.
2. State Department of Environmental Regulation. Summary of Quality
Assurance/Quality Control Results for the Ozoneville MSA Emission
Inventory Development. Draft Report. July 1989.
3. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Procedures for the
Preparation of Emission Inventories for Precursors of Ozone.
4. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Procedures for Emission
Inventory Preparation, Volume IV; Mobile Sources. EPA-450/4-81-
026d (Revised). Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and
Office of Mobile Sources, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
July 1989.
5. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Compilation of Air
Pollutant Emission Factors. Fourth Edition and Supplements. AP-42.
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. September 1985.
6. U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Guidelines for Review of
Highway Source Emission Inventories for 1982 State Implementation
PIan's. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina. December 1980.
7. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Emission Inventory
Requirements for Post-1987 Ozone State Implementation Plans. EPA-
450/4-88-019. Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. December 1988.
5-5
-------
APPENDIX A POINT SOURCE INVENTORY DATA
A.I County A Point Sources
A.2 County B Point Sources
A.3 County C Point Sources
A.4 County D Point Sources
A.5 25-Mile Boundary Point Sources
A-l
-------
A-2
-------
APPENDIX A.I COUNTY A POINT SOURCES
• Jiffy Cleaners
• Same Day Cleaners
• Pinetree Metals
t Bash-It Auto Body Repair Shop
t Imperial Coatings
• Four-Day Cleaners
A-3
-------
A-4
-------
County A
Jiffy Cleaners
111 Oak Avenue
Jeffersonville, USA
General Facility Information:
Jiffy Cleaners, which employs 35 people in County A, is a commercial dry
cleaning facility that uses perchloroethylene as a cleaning solvent,
reportedly cleaning 625 tons of clothing in 1987. The amount of
perchloroethylene purchased in 1987 was 150,340 pounds. Assuming that all of
the solvent purchased during 1987 was lost to the atmosphere through
evaporation and because perchloroethylene is considered reactive, the
emissions are 150,340 of reactive VOC per year. Since the reported cleaning
activity for this plant stayed essentially constant throughout the year, no
seasonal adjustment was applied to the emissions. Since this facility is not
subject to air emission regulations and is uncontrolled, no rule effectiveness
factor is applied. The plant is open 6 days per week.
Calculations:
(150,340 lb/yr)/(6 days/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 481.9 Ib VOC/03 day
A-5
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 8-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: JIFFY CLEANERS Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: APPLING CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0279
Street Address: 111 OAK AVENUE City: JEFFERSONV1LLE. USA Zip Code: 22222-2222
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Number of Employees: 35
Activity Level (Per Day): 481.9 LB PERC USED
Emission Factor: 1 LB VOC/LB PERC USED
VOC Emissions: A02(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Conment: UNIFORM ACTIVITY; 312 DAYS/YEAR
-------
County A
Same Day Cleaners
812 Sycamore Road
Lincoln, USA
General Facility Information:
Same Day Cleaners, a commercial facility that uses perchloroethylene, is
located in County A, employs 5 people and reported cleaning 60 tons of
clothing in 1987. The company purchased 24,000 pounds of perchloroethylene in
1987. Assuming that all perchloroethylene was lost through evaporation, the
emissions are 24,000 pounds VOC per year. Cleaning activity remained constant
throughout the year, 6 days per week, 52 weeks per year. Since this facility
is currently uncontrolled and not subject to air emission regulations, no rule
effectiveness factor is applied.
Calculations:
(24,000 lb/yr)/(6 days/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 77 Ib VOC/03 day
A-7
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 17-1
SHALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: SAME DAY CLEANERS Last Updnted by: GDR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: APPLING CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0887
Street Address: 812 SYCAMORE ROAD City: LINCOLN. USA Zip Code: 33333-3333
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Nunber of Employees: 5
Activity Level (Per Day): 76.9 LBS OF PERC USED
Emission Factor: 1 LB VOC/LB PERC USED
VOC Emissions: 77(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: UNIFORM ACTIVITY; 312 PAYS/YEAR
00
-------
County A
Pinetree Metals
9234 Pinetree Lane
Jeffersonville, USA
General Facility Information:
Pinetree Metals in County A operates two open-top vapor degreasers. In
1987, 40,360 pounds of perchloroethylene were purchased and none was recovered
or recycled. The company employs 18 people and operates 5 days per week. 52
weeks per year. Based on their survey response, Pinetree Metals does not have
significant variation in production. Since this facility is currently
uncontrolled and not subject to air emission regulations, no rule
effectiveness factor is applied.
Calculations:
(40,360 lb/yr)/(5 days/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 155 Ibs VOC/03 day
A-9
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SHALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 16-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: PINETREE METALS Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: APPLING CO
• NEDS Plant ID: 0556
Street Address: 9234 City: JEFFERSONV1LLE, USA Zip Code: 22222-2222
SIC Codes: 3491
Source Category: Solvent Metal Cleaning - Open Top Vapor Degreasers
Number of Employees: 18
Activity Level (Per Day): 155.2 LBS OF SOLVENT USED
Emission Factor: 1 LB VOC/LB SOLVENT
VOC Emissions: 155(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: UNIFORM ACTIVITY; 260 DAYS/YEAR
I
»-*
o
-------
County A
Bash-It Auto Body Repair Shop
421 Birch Road
Jeffersonville, USA
General Facility Information:
Bash-It Company is an auto body repair shop located in County A. The
company did not maintain records on paint or solvent consumption for the year
1987. Bash-It body shop employs 5 persons and operates 5 days per week, 52
weeks per year.
Calculations:
Since no company-specific data were available, emissions for the 1987
base year were estimated using an employee-based emission factor derived from
other auto body shops in the MSA. Since this source category is currently
unregulated, no rule effectiveness factor is applied.
The following information was used to develop the emission factor.
Comn 5 P w
Jacksonvil
King's
Twinkles
County
le C
D
B
voc
Emissions
(Ib/Ozone day)
115.7
163.3
96.3
No. of
Employee
4
7
3
AVERAGE
Employee based
Emission Factor
(Ib VOC/Emplovee)
28.9
23.3
22*1
28.1
A-ll
-------
County A
Bash-It Auto Body
28.1 1b VQC x 5 employees = 140.5 Ib VOC
employee 03 day 03 day
A-12
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SHALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 1-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: BASH- IT AUTO BODY REPAIR SHOP Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: APPLING CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0530
Street Address: 421 BIRCH ROAD City: JEFFERSONVILLE, USA Zip Code: 22222-2222
SIC Codes: 7532
Source Category: Non- Industrial Surface Coating - Auto Refinishing
Number of Employees: 5
Activity Level (Per Day): 5 EMPLOYEES
Emission Factor: 28.1 LB VOC/EMPLOYEE
VOC Emissions: HO. 5 (pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Conment: BASED ON EF FROM OTHER MSA BODY SHOPS; 260 DAYS/YR
to
-------
A-14
-------
County A
Imperial Coatings
1811 Hemlock Parkway
Lincoln, USA
General Facility Information:
Imperial Coatings in County A coats fabric for electrical insulating
tapes and for making hoses. VOC emissions occur from storage and handling of
purchased solvent, and during incineration of solvent vapors captured from
coating and mixing operations. A plant visit to Imperial Coatings revealed
the following solvent usage for 1987.
Operation
Coating lines
Mixing
Equipment clean-up
Solvent
toluene
toluene
toluene
Solvent Usage
faal/vr)
1,431,500
75,000
165,000
VOC vapors from the coating and mixing operations are captured and
vented to an incinerator. The overall capture and control efficiency of the
hood and incineration system is estimated at 95%.
Imperial Coatings operates 7 days a week, 365 days a year, with
throughput remaining constant throughout the year. The company employs 85
workers. Toluene is purchased monthly and is stored in a 150,000-gallon fixed
roof tank in new condition.
Calculations:
1987 base year emissions are estimated based on the reported annual
solvent consumption and assumed control efficiency. A rule effectiveness
value of 80% is applied to account for estimated temporal variations in
control efficiency.
A-15
-------
County A
Imperial Coatings
Coating Lines:
*1,431,500 gal/yr x 7.3 Ib/gal x yr/365 days = 28,630 Ib/day
*28,630 Ib/day x [1-(.95)(.80)] = 6,871 Ib VOC/03 day
Mixing Operations:
*75,000 gal/yr x 7.3 Ib/gal x yr/365 days = 1,500 Ib/day
*1,500 Ib/day x [l-(.95)(.80)] = 360 Ib VOC/03 day
Equipment Cleanup:
*165,000 gal/yr x 7.3 Ib/gal x yr/365 days = 3,300 Ib/day
*3,300 Ib/day x [l-(.95)(.80)] = 792 Ib VOC/03 day
Tank Breathing and Working Losses:
Breathing Losses:
Lb=(2.26 x 10'2) x Mv(P/Pa-P)°'68 x D1'73 x H0-51 x dT0'50 x FpCKc
92 Mv: average molecular weight of vapor in storage tank (Ib/lb-mole)
0.6 P: true vapor pressure at average actual liquid storage temperature
(psia)
14.7 Pa: average atmosphere pressure, (psia)
15 D: tank diameter, (FT)
5 H: average vapor space height, (FT)
15 dT: average ambient diurnal change, (F)
1 Fp: paint factor from AP-42, Table 4.3.1, (dimensionless)
0.75 C: adjustment factor for small diameter tanks from AP-42, Figure
4.3.4, (dimensionless)
1 Kc: product factor, crude oil =.65, all other organic liquid=l,
(dimensionless)
BREATHING LOSSES:
174 Ibs of VOC per year
0.1 tons of VOC per year
1.16 lbs/1000 gal capacity
Working Losses:
Lw - (2.40 x 10'5) xMvxPxVxNxKnxKc
A-16
-------
County A
Imperial Coatings
92 Mv: average molecular weight of vapor in storage tank (Ib/lb mole)
0.6 P: true vapor pressure at average actual liquid storage temperature
(psia)
150000 V: tank capacity, (gallons)
1671500 AN: total throughput per year (gallons)
11.14 N: number of turnovers per year
1 Kn: turnover factor from AP-42, Figure 4.3.7, (dimensionless)
1 Kc: product factor, crude oil=.65, all other organic liquid=l,
(dimensionless)
Working Losses = 2214 Ibs of VOC per year
=1.1 tons VOC per year
= 1.32 lbs/1000 gal throughput
TOTA BREATHING AND WORKING LOSSES = 2388 Ibs of VOC per year
1.2 tons VOC per year
*2388 Ibs/yr x yr/365 days = 6.5 Ibs VOC/03 day
Total Daily Ozone Season VOC Emissions
Coating Lines = 6,871.2
Mixing Operations = 360.0
Equipment Cleanup = 792.0
Tank Breathing and Working = 6.5
= 8,029.7 Ib VOC/03 day
A-17
-------
Reoort Date: 07/31/89 DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
Page 3-1
PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: IMPERIAL COATNGS/LINCOLN Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
Type of Inventory: 2
State: GEORGIA County: APPLING CO AOCR: 54
NEDS Plant ID: 0132 CDS Plant ID: Local Plant ID:
Street Address: 1811 HEMLOCK PARKWAY City: LINCOLN,USA Zip Code: 44444-4444
City Code: UTM Zone: 17 UTM Easting: 222.2 UTM Northing: 3333.3
Township/Modeling Grid Code:
SIC Codes - Primary: 3069 Secondary: Tertiary:
Principal Product: CT FABRIC Employees: 85 Plant Area: 10.0 acres
Plant Contact: JEAN SMITH Telephone Number: (919) 111-1212
Plant Level Comment: MFC OF COATED FABRIC FOR TAPE AND RUBBER HOSES
INFORMATION
Point ID: 01 Local Point ID: Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
SIC: 3069
UTK Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing: 0.0 Latitude: - Longitude:
Operating Schedule Hours per day: 24 Days per week: 7 Weeks per year: 52
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury: 25 March through May: 25
June through August: 25 September through November: 25
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Flowrate: Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity: Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Comment:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 95.0 X
Measured Emissions: 261 Units: 1 Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 261 Estimation Method: STACK TEST RESULTS OR OTHER EMISSION MEASUREMENT
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/K)? Y Compliance Year: 85 Emission Limitation: 825 TONS/YEAR
Point Emissions Level Comment: FABRIC COATING LINES #1-3
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 3-30-002-02 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS RUBBERIZED FABRIC WET COATING GENERAL
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: GALLONS OF SOLVENT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 477166 Maximum Design Rate: 82.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 1308 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: 432
Process Level Comment: FABRIC COATING LINE *1
A-18
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 3-2
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 95.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 84 Emission Limitation: 150 TONS/YEAR
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 7.3
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 87 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2292 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: tbs
Process Emissions Level Comment: COATING LINE #1
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 3-30-002-02 SCC Sequence Number: 02
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS RUBBERIZED FABRIC UET COATING
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: GALLONS OF SOLVENT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 477166 Maximum Design Rate: 85.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 1308 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: 436
Process Level Comment: FABRIC COATING LINE #2
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
GENERAL
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: FLARING
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 95.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 85 Emission Limitation: 275 TONS/YEAR
Estimation Method: STACK TEST RESULTS OR OTHER EMISSION MEASUREMENT Emission Factor: 7.3
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 87 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2291 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment: COATING LINE *2
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 3-30-002-02 SCC Sequence Number: 03
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS RUBBERIZED FABRIC WET COATING
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: GALLONS OF SOLVENT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 477166 Maximum Design Rate: 85.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 1308 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: 436
Process Level Comment: FABRIC COATING LINE #3
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
GENERAL
0.0 Heat Content:
A-19
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 3-3
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 95.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 85 Emission Limitation: 150 TONS/YEAR
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 7.3
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 87 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2292 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment: COATING LINE <*3
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Point ID: 02
SIC:
UTK Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury: 25
June through August: 25
Stack Parameters - Height:
Flowrate:
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
Longitude: - -
Weeks per year: 52
March through May: 25
September through.November: 25
Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity:
Point Level Comment:
Space Heat Percentage:
MIXING OPERATIONS
0.0
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 95.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 66 Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 85 Emission Limitation: 130 TONS/YEAR
Point Emissions Level Comment: MIXING OPERATIONS
PROCESS INFORMATION
01
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
MIXING/BLENDING TANKS
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
SCC Number: 3-01-014-01 SCC Sequence Number
SCC Description: CHEMICAL MFC PAINT MFC
Type of Source: Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: GALLONS OF TOLUENE USED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 75000 Maximum Design Rate: 10.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 205 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: 68
Process Level Comment: COATING MIXING OPERATION
A-20
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 3-4
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 95.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 85 Emission Limitation: 150 TONS/YEAR
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 7.3
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 14 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 359 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment: COATING MIXING OPERATION
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Point ID: 03
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury:
June through August:
Stack Parameters - Height:
FIcurate:
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
Longitude:
Ueeks per year: 52
March through May:
September through November:
Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity: Space Heat Percentage:
Point Level Comment: EQUIPMENT CLEAN-UP
0.0
PROCESS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
FABRIC COATING EQUIPMENT CLEANUP
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
SCC Number: 4-02-011-05 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC SOLVENT SURFACE COATING
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: TONS SOLVENT IN COATING
Actual Annual Process Rate: 602 Maximum Design Rate: 0.100
C3 Season Daily Process Rate: 1.65 CO Season Max S-Hour Process Rate: 0.55
Process Level Comment: EQUIPMENT CLEAN-UP
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 95.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 30
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/28/89
Compliance Year: 85
Emission Limitation: 90 TONS PER YEAR
Emission Factor:
tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 0.4 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment: EQUIPMENT CLEAN-UP
A-21
-------
Report Dare: 07/31/89
Page 3-5
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Longitude:
Weeks per year: 52
Point ID: 04
SIC:
DTK Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs December through Febraury: March through May:
June through August: September through November:
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Flowrate: Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity: Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Corment: STORAGE TANK
POIKT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 1 Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment: STORAGE TANK
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-07-036-15 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC CHEM STRG FIXED ROOF TANKS TOLUENE
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 150 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 0.4 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: 0.1
Process Level Comment: DAILY PROCESS RATE - STORAGE CAPACITY/365
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
BREATHING LOSS
0.0 Heat Content:
ACCESS EKISS10«S INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 1.16
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 0 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 0 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: tbs
Process Emissions Level Comment: STORAGE TANK BREATHING LOSSES
A-22
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 3-6
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-07-036-16 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC CHEM STRG FIXED ROOF TANKS TOLUENE
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 1672 Maximum Design Rate: 8.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 4.6 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: 1.5
Process Level Comment: STORAGE TANK - WORKING LOSSES
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
WORKING LOSS
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/28/89
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 1.32
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 1 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 6 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment: STORAGE TANK - WORKING LOSSES
A-23
-------
A-24
-------
County A
Four-Day Cleaners
4239 Ash Boulevard
Lincoln, USA
General Facility Information:
Four-Day Cleaners is a dry cleaning facility located in County A. The
company was identified through review of business listing in the yellow pages.
The company did not respond to the survey questionnaire. Follow-up telephone
calls revealed that the company did not maintain any records for the year
1987. The manager did however reveal that the cleaners employed 6 people in
1987, and operated 6 days per week, 52 weeks per year.
Calculations:
Since no company-specific data were available, emissions for the 1987
base year were estimated using an employee-based emission factor derived
from survey responses from other dry cleaners in the MSA.
Since dry cleaning is unregulated, no rule effectiveness factor is
applied.
The following information was used to develop the emission factor:
Company
Jiffy Cleaners
JR's Laundry &
Car Wash
Same Day Cleaners
Klutz Cleaning
Service
People's Cleaners
County
C
D
A
D
C
•
No. of
Employees
35
23
5
8
7
Ib VOC
Ozone per day Empl
482
400
77
64
74
v AVERAGE:
Ib VOC
oyee per day
13.8
17.4
15.4
8.0
10.6
13.0
13.0 Ib VOC/emp day x 6 employees = 78 lb/03 day
A-25
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 5-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: FOUR-DAY CLEANERS Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: APPLING CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0825
Street Address: 4239 ASH BOULEVARD City: LINCOLN, USA Zip Code: 22222-2222
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Number of Employees: 6
Activity Level (Per Day): 6 EMPLOYEES
Emission Factor: 13.0 LB VOC/EMPLOYEE
VOC Emissions: 78(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: EF BASED ON SURVEY DATA; 312 DAY/YR OPERATION
i
ro
-------
APPENDIX A.2 COUNTY B POINT SOURCES
e Bubba's Printing, Inc.
• United Metal Works
e Specialty Packaging
• Paper Designs, Inc.
• Twinkles Body Shop
• Squeeky Cleaners
• Town And City Cleaners
• Friendly Power Company
A-27
-------
A-28
-------
County B
Bubba's Printing, Inc.
949 Walnut Drive
Washington, USA
General Facility Information
Bubba's Printing, Inc., is a graphic arts company located in County B.
The firm publishes books using offset lithography. VOC emissions occur from
solvent contained in the ink, and solvent used for dampening and for clean-up
purposes. The company operates two printing lines, each with vapor hood
systems to capture evaporative solvent emissions from the dryer. The vapors
are vented from the dryer to a thermal incinerator. Control efficiency of the
incinerator is estimated to be 95%. The rule effectiveness factor for this
source category is 80%.
The following contains a list of data provided by Bubba's Printing for
the base year 1987.
Solvent/ink
isopropanol
ink
MEK
Gallons Used
in 1987
1,600
12,500
800
Solvent Content
Percent by Volume
100
40
100
Solvent VOC Content
Ib VOC/qal
6.5
6.2
6.7
operates 5 days per week, 52 weeks per year
8 Employees
Calculations:
Isopropanol is used in the dampening process, approximately 50%
evaporates prior to the dryer, 50% evaporates in the dryer
*80Q gal x 100 gal solvent x 6.5 Ib VOC = 5.200 Ib VOC
year 100 gal gal solv year
*(5200 Ib VOC/yr)/(5 days/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 20 Ib VOC/03 day
Dryer isoproponal emissions:
*800 x 100/100 x 6.5 - 5200 Ib VOC per year
A-29
-------
County B
Bubba's Printing
*5,200 Ib VOC/yr x [l-(.95)(Rule Effectiveness 0.80)] = 1,248 Ib VOC/yr
*(1,248 Ib VOC/yr)/(5 day/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 4.8 Ib VOC/03 day
MEK Emissions
*800 gals x 100 gal solvent x 6.7 Ib VOC = 5360 Ib VOC
year 100 gal gallon year
*(5360 Ib VOC/yr)/(5 x 52) = 20.6 Ib VOC/03 day
Ink Solvent Emissions
*12,500 gal x 40 gal solvent x 6.2 Ib VOC = 31,000 Ib VOC
year 100 gal ink gal solvent year
*31,000 Ib/yr x [1-(.95)(.80)] = 7,440 Ib VOC/year
*(7,440 Ib VOC/yr)/(5 x 52) = 28.6 Ib VOC/03 day
Total Ozone Season daily Emissions:
Isopropanol 24.8
MEK 20.6
Ink Solvent 28.6
74 Ib VOC/0, day
M-JU
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SHALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 3-1
SHALL PLANT INFORHATION
Plant Name: BUBBA'S PRINTING, INC. Last Updated by: COR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: BACON CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0183
Street Address: 949 WALNUT DRIVE City: WASHINGTON, USA Zip Code: 44444-4444
SIC Codes: 2731
Source Category: Graphic Arts - Flexography
Number of Employees: 8
Activity Level (Per Day): 57.3 GALLONS OF SOLVENT
Emission Factor: 1.29
VOC Emissions: 74(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: BASED ON HATER IAL BALANCE ADJUSTED FOR RULE EFFEC.
i
CO
-------
A-32
-------
County B
United Metal Works
123 Beech Way
Madison, USA
General Facility Information:
United Metal Works in County B operates two conveyorized vapor
degreasers. In 1987, the company purchased 65,000 pounds of perch"!oroethylene
and 43,000 pounds of 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and the company sent to a waste
solvent recovery firm outside of the nonattainment area 16,300 pounds of
perchloroethylene and 10,800 pounds of 1,1,1-trichloroethane for recycling.
Since 1,1,1-trichloroethane is a nonreactive VOC, it is exempt from the
inventory; only the perchloroethylene was inventoried. Assuming that all of
the perchloroethylene purchased during the year (less the amount recycled)
evaporated, the reactive VOC emissions equal 48,700 pounds per year. Since
this facility is not subject to air emission regulations and is uncontrolled,
no rule effectiveness factor is applied. United Metal Works operates 5 days
per week, 52 weeks per year. The company employs 65 persons.
Calculations:
(48,700 lbs/yr)/(5 days/wk)(52 wks/yr) = 187.3 Ib/day.
The average throughput during the summer quarter is actually 28% because
of scheduled maintenance shutdowns during the winter. A factor of 28%/25% or
1.12 was applied to the daily emissions to account for the increase during the
ozone season. Thus, the seasonally adjusted or baseline emissions are 210
pounds of reactive VOC per day.
A-33
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 22-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: UNITED NETAL WORKS Lost Updnted by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: BACON CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0512
Street Address: 123 BEECH WAY City: MADISON, USA Zip Code: 22222-2222
SIC Codes: 3448
Source Category: Solvent Metal Cleaning - Conveyor!zed Degreasers
Number of Employees: 65
Activity Level (Per Day): 210 LBS SOLVENT USED
Emission Factor: 1 LB VOC/LB SOLVENT
VOC Emissions: 210(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: SEASON ADJ. FACTOR = 0.65; 260 DAYS/YEAR
i
Co
-------
County B
Specialty Packaging
1934 Cottonwood Drive
Madison, USA
General Facility Information:
Specialty Packaging is a manufacturer of printed flexible packaging
material located in County B. Printing is accomplished with flexography using
^Ic^^.ol base ink:. The company has 22 employees and operates 3 printing
lines. VOC emissions occur from solvent contained in the ink, and solvents
used for equipment clean-up. Each of the potential emission points along the
printing lines is controlled by a vapor capture system combined with a carbon
bed adsorption/solvent recovery control system. A rule effectiveness factor
of 80% is applied to account for variations in control efficiency over time.
The following information for the 1987 base year was provided by Specialty
Packaging, and is based on material balances.
- Total ink consumption, 1987 = 35,000 gallons
- Total clean-up solvent consumption, 1987 = 5,000 gallons
- Total quantity of VOC vented to the carbon adsorption system =
193,750 Ibs/yr
- Solvent recovery system measured efficiency = 75% (.75 Ib
recovered/1b captured)
- 22 employees
5 days per week, 52 weeks per year
Calculations:
- *193,750 Ibs VOC/yr x [1-(0.75)(0.80) Rule Eff.] = 77,500 Ibs VOC/yr
- *(77,500 Ib VOC/yr)/(5 x 52) - 298.1 Ib VOC/03 day
A-35
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 7-1
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PLANT INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
Plant Name: SPECIALTY PACKAGING
Type of Inventory: 2
State: GEORGIA County: BACON CO AQCR: 54
NEDS Plant ID: 0615 CDS Plant ID: Local Plant ID:
Street Address: 1934 COTTONWOOO DRIVE City: MADISON, USA Zip Code:
City Code: UTM Zone: 17 UTM Easting: 222.2 UTM Northing: 3333.3
Township/Modeling Grid Code:
SIC Codes Primary: 2673 Secondary: Tertiary:
Principal Product: PACKAGING Employees: 22 Plant Area: 10.0 acres
Plant Contact: JEAN SMITH Telephone Number: (919) 111-1212
Plant Level Comment:
POINT INFORMATION
Point ID: 01 Local Point ID:
SIC: 2671
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 16
Start time: 07:00 Ending time: 23:00
Throughputs - December through Febraury: 25
June through August: 25
Stack Parameters - Height:
Flowrate:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
0.0 Latitude: 33-33-33 Longitude: 666-66-66
Days per week: 5 Weeks per year: 52
March through May: 25
September through November: 25
Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity:
Point Level Comment:
Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Primary Control Device: ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 75.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 25 Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 85 Emission Limitation: 37 TONS/YEAR
Point Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-05-003-01 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: PRINTING/PUBLISH PRINTING PROCESS FLEXOGRAPHIC
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: GALLONS OF INK
Actual Annual Process Rate: 35000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 135 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: 67.3
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/89
GENERAL
0.0 Heat Content:
A-3b
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
Page 7-2
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
Primary Control Device: ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 75.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 85 Emission Limitation: 25 TONS/YEAR
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 4.84
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 21 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 261 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: 130 Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
ACCESS INFORMATION
SCC Numoer: 4-05-003-04 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
SCC Description: PRINTING/PUBLISH PRINTING PROCESS INK THIN SOLVEWT ETHYL ALCOHOL
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: TONS SOLVENT ADDED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 5000 Maximum Design Rate: 2.500
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 19.2 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: 6.8
Process Level Comment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
Primary Control Device: ACTIVATED CARBON ADSORPTION
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 75.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 85 Emission Limitation: 5 TONS/YEAR
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 4.84
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 3 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: SO
03 Season Daily Emissions: 37 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: 18 Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-37
-------
A-38
-------
County B
Paper Designs, Inc.
341 Redwood Parkway
Washington, USA
General Facility Information:
Paper Designs, Inc., in County B coats paper used for decorative
purposes. The company reported the solvent usage data for 1987. Coating
lines were estimated to account for 95% and solvent losses during mixing for
5% of the 1987 toluene/methanol usage. VOC vapors from the coating lines are
captured and vented to an incinerator with a 99% destruction efficiency. A
rule effectiveness factor of 80% is applied to account for variation in
control efficiency over time.
Operations
Coating lines & mixing
Coating lines & mixing
Equipment clean-up
Solvent
toluene
methanol
isopropanol
Solvent Usage
5,600
5,600
584
Mb/day)
The operating schedule is 16 hours a day, 5 days a week, 52 weeks per
year. The toluene and methanol are stored in 80,000-liter fixed-roof tanks;
the isopropanol is stored in a 10,000-liter fixed-roof tank. All tanks are in
old condition. All three of the solvents are reactive; thus all emissions are
reactive VOC's.
Calculations:
Baseline emissions are estimated based on daily solvent consumption,
control efficiency, rule effectiveness, and 5 day per wk, 52 week per year
operation.
- Coating lines utilize (.95)(11,200) - 10,640 Ib/day of solvent; for
inventory purposes, emissions are:
10,640 Ib/day x [1-(.99)(.80) Rule Eff] - 2,213 Ib/day, or 287.7 tons/yr
A-39
-------
County B
Paper Designs, Inc.
Mixing operations are uncontrolled, and utilize (0,05)(11,200) = 560
Ib/day or 72.8 tons/year. All of these solvent vapors evaporate.
Equipment clean-up operations utilize 584 Ib per day or 75.9 tons per
year.
Calculations for Solvent Storage
Solvent storage emissions are from tanks breathing and working losses.
link Breathing Losses
LB = 2.26 x KTXtP/P.-P)0'68 D1'73 H°'51 T0'50 FpCKc
Mv = Molecular weight of vapor (Ib/lb-mole); Isopropanol = 60, Toluene
92, Methanol = 32
P = True vapor pressure at average actual liquid storage temperature
(psia); Isopropanol = 0.9, Toluene = 0.6, Methanol = 2.6
PA = 14.7, average atmosphere pressure (psia)
D = tank diameter
Isopropanol = 5 ft
Toluene = 10 ft
Methanol = 10 ft
H = Average vapor space height
Isopropanol = 5 ft
Toluene = 5 ft
Methanol = 5 ft
T = 15°F, average ambient diurnal change
Fp = 1.15, white tank roof and shell in poor condition
C = adjustment factor for small diameter tanks
Isopropanol = 0.26
Toluene = 0.50
Methanol = 0.50
Kc = 1, product factor
*Breathing Losses
Isopropanol:
(2.26 x 10-2)(60)(0.9/14.7-0.9)0-68(5)1-73(5)°-51(15)°-50(1.15)(0.26)(l)
= 9.0 Ib/yr
A-40
-------
County B
Paper Designs, Inc.
Toluene:
(2.26 x 10-2)(92)(0.6/14.7-0.6)°-68(10)1-73(5)°-51(15)0 50(1.15)(0.50)(1)
= 66.3 Ib/yr
Methanol :
(2.26 x 10-2)(32)(2.6/14.7-2.6)0-68(10)1-73(5)°-51(15)°-50(1.15)(0.50)(l)
= 69.3 Ib/yr
*Total Tank Breathing Losses
9 + 66.3 + 69.3 = 144.6 Ib/yr
144.6 Ib/yr x (1/365) = 0.39 Ib VOC/03 season day
*Working Losses:
U, = 2.40 x 10'5 M^PVNKJCc
Mv = 60, Isopropanol
92, Toluene
32, Methanol v
P = 0.9, Isopropanol
0.6, Toluene
2.6, Methanol
V = 2,600 gal, Isopropanol
21,100 gal, Toluene
21,100 gal, Methanol
N = number of turnovers per year,
10, Isopropanol
12,. Toluene
12, Methanol
*LW Isopropanol :
(2.40 x 10-5)(60)(0.9)(2600)(10)(1)(1) = 33.7 Ib/yr
Lw Toluene:
(2.40 x 10-5)(92)(0.6)(21,100)(12)(1)(1) = 335.4 Ib/yr
A-41
-------
County B
Paper Designs, Inc
Lw Methanol:
(2.40 x 1CT5)(32)(2.6)(21,100)(12)(1)(1) = 505.6 Ib/yr
*Total Working Losses:
33.7 + 335.4 + 505.6 = 874.7 Ib/yr
874.7 Ib/yr x l/(5 x 52) = 3.36 Ib VOC/03
TOTAL DAILY OZONE SEASON VOC EMISSIONS:
Cc-cting Tines = 2,213 Ib/day
Mixing Operations = 560.0 Ib/day
Equipment Clean-up = 584.0 Ib/day
Tank Breathing = 0.6 Ib/day
Tank Working = 3.4 Ib day
3,361.0 Ib/day
A-42
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
Page 6-1
PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: PAPER DESIGNS, INC. Last Updated by: CAO on 07/28/89
Type of Inventory: 2
State: GEORGIA County: BACON CO AQCR: 54
NEDS Plant ID: 0186 COS Plant ID: Local Plant ID:
Street Address: 341 REDWOOD PARKWAY City: WASHINGTON,USA Zip Code: 44444-4444
City Code: UTM Zone: 17 UTM Easting: 222.2 UTM Northing: 3333.3
Township/Modeling Grid Code:
SIC Codes - Primary: 3011 Secondary: Tertiary:
Principal Product: Employees: 120 Plant Area: 10.0 acres
Plant Contact: JEAN SMITH Telephone Number: (919) 111-1212
Plant Level Comment:
POINT INFORMATION
Point ID: 01 Local Point ID: Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing: 0.0 Latitude: - - Longitude:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 16 Days per week: 5 Weeks per year: 52
Start time: 07:00 Ending time: 23:00
Throughputs - December through Febraury: March through May:
June through August: September through November:
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Flowrate: Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity: Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Comment:
POIHT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 99.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 437 Estimation Method:
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 86 Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-02-013-01 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
SCC Description: ORGANIC SOLVENT SURFACE COATING PAPER COATING COATING OPERATION
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: TONS SOLVENT IN COATING
Actual Annual Process Rate: 1383 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 5.32 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: 2.66
Process Level Comment:
A-43
-------
Report Dete: 07/31/89
Page 6-2
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 99.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N>7 Y Compliance Year:
86
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation: 25 TONS/YEAR
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 0 tons per year Annual
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2213 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions:
Process Emissions Level Comnent:
Emission Factor:
Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
1107
Ibs
PROCESS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
PAPER COATING COATING MIXING
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
SCC Number: 4-02-013-03 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC SOLVENT SURFACE COATING
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: TONS OF SOLVENT LOST
Actual Annual Process Rate: 73 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 0.280 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: .140
Process Level Comment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 73 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 560 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: 280 Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comnent:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-02-013-05 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC SOLVENT SURFACE COATING
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: TONS OF SOLVENT USED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 76 Maximum Design Rate: 0.350
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 0.290 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
PAPER COATING EQUIPMENT CLEANUP
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
A-44
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 6-3
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-07-008-13 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC CHEN STRG FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 3 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 3 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL BREATHING LOSS
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/3C/S9
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 0.000
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 0 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 0 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-07-008-14 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC CHEM STRG FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 0.071 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL WORKING LOSS
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Compliance Year:
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 0.000
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 0 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-45
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 6-4
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-07-003-15 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC CHEM STRC FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 21 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 21 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
METHYL ALCOHOL BREATHING LOSS
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
:O:HSS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? M
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 0.000
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 0 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 0 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: IDS
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-07-008-16 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC CHEM STRG FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: Maximun Design Rate: 21.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 21 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
METHYL ALCOHOL WORKING LOSS
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EKISSIOt.'S INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 0.000
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 0 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-46
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 6-5
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-07-036-15 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC CHEM STRG FIXED ROOF TANKS TOLUENE
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 21 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
BREATHING LOSS
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Conpliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 0.000
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 0 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-07-036-16 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC CHEM STRG FIXED ROOF TANKS TOLUENE
Type of Source: Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 0.69 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
WORKING LOSS
Heat Content:
PROCESS EKISSIOKS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Conpliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 0.000
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 0 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-47
-------
A-48
-------
County B
Twinkles Body Shop
482 Mimosa Boulevard
Madison, USA
General Facility Information:
Twinkies is an auto body repair shop and massage parlor, located in
County B. In reply to the survey questionnaire, the company provided
information regarding the types of quantities of paint and solvents used
during 1987. Twinkies is open for auto body work 5 days per week, 52 weeks
per year. Since this source category is unregulated, no rule effectiveness
factor is applied. Three people are employed at the company. The following
data were provided:
o 6,500 gallons of paint & solvent consumed
o 7.7 Ibs/gal (average density)
o 50 wt% solvent
Calculations:
6,500 gal/yr x 7.7 Ib/gal x 50 Ib VOC/100 Ib paint = 25,025 Ib VOC/yr
(25,025 Ib VOC/yr)(5 day/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 96.3 Ibs VOC/03 day
A-49
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 21-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: TUINK1ES BODY SHOP Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: BACON CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0787
Street Address: 482 MIMOSA BOULEVARD City: MADISON, USA Zip Code: 44444-4444
SIC Codes: 7532
Source Category: Non-Industrial Surface Coating - Auto Refinishing
Number of Employees: 3
Activity Level (Per Day): 25 GALLONS PAINT & SOLVENT
Emission Factor: 3.85 LB VOC/GALLON PAINT & SOLVENT
VOC Emissions: 96.3(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: EF IS WEIGHTED AVG; UNIFORM ACTIVITY; 260 DAYS/YR
i
cn
o
-------
County B
Squeeky Cleaners
4190 Poplar Road
Washington, USA
General Facility Information:
Squeeky Cleaners is a dry cleaning business located in County B. The
current owners purchased the business in 1988 and therefore could not provide
solvent consumption or cleaning activity for the 1987 base year. The current
owner did, however, know that 11 people were employed in the base year 1987.
Calculations:
Since no company-specific data were available, emissions for the 1987
base year were estimated using an employee-based emission factor derived
from survey responses from other dry cleaners in the MSA.
Since this source category is unregulated, no rule effectiveness factor
is applied.
The following information was used to develop the emission factor:
Company
Jiffy Cleaners
JR's Laundry & Car Wash
Same Day Cleaners
Klutz Cleaning Service
People's Cleaners
County
C
D
A
D
C
No of
Employees
35
23
5
8
7
Ib VOC per
Ozone day
482
400
77
64
74
AVERAGE:
Ib VOC per
Employee-Day
13.8
17.4
15.4
8.0
10.6
13.0
13.0 Ib VOC/emp:day x 11 employees - 143 lb/03 day
A-51
-------
Report Date: 07/31/69 SHALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 19-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: SQUEEKY CLEANERS Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: BACON CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0498
Street Address: 4190 POPLAR ROAD City: WASHINGTON, USA Zip Code: 33333-3333
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Nunt>er of Employees: 11
Activity Level (Per Day): 11 EMPLOYEES
Emission Factor: 13.0 L8 VOC/EMPLOYEE
VOC Emissions: 143(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: EF BASED ON SURVEY DATA; UNIFORM ACTIVITY;
I
in
ro
-------
County B
Town and City Cleaners
9782 Laurel Drive
Madison, USA
General Facility Information:
Town and City Cleaners is a dry cleaning facility located in County B.
The company was identified through review of business listing in the yellow
pages. The company did not respond to the survey questionnaire. Follow-up
telephone calls revealed that the company did not maintain any records for the
year 1987. The manager did, however, reveal that the cleaners employed 8
people in 1987, and operated 6 days per week, 52 weeks per year.
Calculations:
Since no company-specific data were ava-ilable, emissions for the 1987
base year were estimated using an employee-based emission factor derived
from survey responses from the other dry cleaners in the MSA.
Since this source category is unregulated, no rule effectiveness factor
is applied.
The following information was used to develop the emission factor:
Company
Jiffy Cleaners
JR's Laundry & Car Wash
Same Day Cleaners
Klutz Cleaning Service
People's Cleaners
County
C
D
A
D
C
No of
Employee
35
23
5
8
7
Ib VOC per
Ozone day
482
400
77
64
74
AVERAGE:
Ib VOC per
Employee-day
13.8
17.4
15.4
8.0
10.6
13.0
13.0 Ib VOC/emp-day x 8 employees = 104 lb/03 day
A-53
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SHALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 20-1
SHALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: TOWN AND CITY CLEANERS Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: BACON CO
NEDS Plant 10: 0306
Street Address: 9782 LAUREL DRIVE City: HAOISON, USA Zip Code: 55555-5555
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Number of Employees: 8
Activity Level (Per Day): 8 EHPLOYEES
Emission Factor: 13.0 LB VOC/EMPLOYEE
VOC Emissions: 104(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Garment: EF BASED ON SURVEY DATA; •UNIFORM ACTIVITY
l
01
-------
County B
Friendly Power Company
62 Old Ponderosa Pine Hwy
Madison, USA
General Facility Information:
Friendly Power Company operates a base-load steam electric generating
plant with seven coal-fired boilers in County B. Stack tests conducted on the
boilers in March 1986 indicated NOX and VOC emissions of 4,118.6 and 18.1
pounds per hour, respectively and that 70% (12.6 Ib/hr) of the VOCs emitted
from these boilers is reactive. During the emission test, coal consumption
was reported as 95 tons/hr (2280 tons per day). The plant continuously
operates at maximum generating capacity so no seasonal or weekday adjustments
were applied.
Calculations:
- NOX: 4118.6 Ib/hr x 24 hr/03 day = 98,846.4 lb/03 day
VOC: 12.6 Ib/hr x 24 hr/03 day = 302 lb/03 day
CO: 2280 tons coal/day x 5 Ib CO/ton coal = 11,400 Ib C0/03 day
A-55
-------
Report Date: 07/31/69 SHALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 6-1
SHALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: FRIENDLY POWER COMPANY Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: BACON CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0180
Street Address: 62 OLD PONDEROSA PINE HIGHWAY City: MAD I SON, USA Zip Code: 66666-6666
SIC Codes: 4911
Source Category: Stationary External Combustion - Coal
Number of Employees:
Activity Level (Per Day): 2280 TONS OF COAL BURNED
Emission Factor: 0.133 LB VOC/TON OF COAL BURNED
VOC Emissions: 302(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: EF BASED ON EMISSION TESTS; UNIFORM ACTIV1TY;365
i
01
-------
APPENDIX A.3 COUNTY C POINT SOURCES
c- Daily Gazette Publishing Co.
c Jacksonville Auto Body Repair
e Petro Excel Oil Company
0 Metal Products, Inc.
• Goodblimp Tire Company
• People's Cleaners
• Ozoneville Cleaners
• Spotless Cleaners
A-57
-------
A-58
-------
County C
Daily Gazette Publishing Co.
4329 Appletree Trail
Ozoneville, USA
General Facility Information:
The Daily Gazette Publishing Co. is a newspaper publishing company
located in County C. The Daily Gazette Company uses webb offset lithography
?.s their publishing process. VOC emissions occur from solvent contained in
the ink, solvent used in the dampening processes, and solvent used for
equipment clean-up purposes.
The following contains a list of data provided by The Daily Gazette for
the base year 1987:
Solvent/Ink
ethyl glycol mixture
ink
methyl ethyl ketone
isopropanol
Gallons used Solvent content Solvent VOC content
in 1987 % volume Ib VOC/aal
7,500
365,000
8,000
12,500
100
5
100
100
8.0
6.2
6.7
6.5
35 employees
operates 7 days per week, 52 weeks per yr, no seasonal variation.
Calculations:
No emission controls. No rule effectiveness factor needs to be applied,
Estimates based on 100% evaporation of solvent.
Ethyl glycol mixture:
*7.500 aal x 100 gal solv x 8 Ib VOC = 60.000 Ib VOC
year 100 gal gal solv year
*60.000 Ib VOC' x Year = 164.4 Ib VOC
year 365 day
A-59
-------
County C
Daily Gazette Publishing Co,
Ink:
*365,000 x 5/100 x 6.2 = 113,150 Ib VOC/year
*113,150 x yr/365 = 310 Ib VOC/day
hethyl Ethyl Ketone:
*8,000 x 100/100- x 6.7 = 53,600 Ib VOC/year
*53,600 x yr/365 = 146.8 Ib VOC/day
Isopropanol:
*12,500 x 100/100 x 6.5 = 81,250 Ib VOC/year
*81,250 x yr/365 = 222.6 Ib VOC/day
Total Ozone Season Daily Emissions:
Ethyl Glycol Mixture 164.4 Ib/day
Ink Solvent 310.0 Ib/day
Methyl Ethyl Ketone 146.8 Ib/day
Isopropanol 222.6 Ib/dav
843.8 Ib/day
A-60
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 1-1
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PLANT INFORMATION
Last Updated by: CAO on 07/28/89
Plant Name: DAILY GAZETTE PUBLISHING CO
Type of Inventory: 2
State: GEORGIA County: CALHOUN CO AQCR: 54
NEDS Plant ID: 0769 CDS Plant ID: Local Plant ID:
Street Address: 4329 APPLETREE TRAIL City: OZONEVILLE, USA Zip Code:
City Code: UTH Zone: 17 UTM Easting: 222.2 UTH Northing: 3333.3
Township/Modeling Grid Code:
SIC Codes Primary: 2711 Secondary: Tertiary:
Principal Product: NEWSPAPER Employees: 35 Plant Area: 15.0 acres
Plant Contact: JEAN SMITH Telephone Number: (919) 111-1212
Plant Level Comment:
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Point ID: 01
SIC:
UTH Easting: 0.0 UTH Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury:
June through August:
Stack Parameters - Height:
Flowrate:
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Longitude:
Weeks per year: 52
March through Hay:
September through November:
Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity:
Point Level Comment:
Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-05-003-05 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: PRINTING/PUBLISH PRINTING PROCESS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: GALLONS F SOLVENT USED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 12500 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 34 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
INK THIN SOLVENT ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 41 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 223 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-61
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 1-2
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-05-004-01 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: PRINTING/PUBLISH PRINTING PROCESS LITHOGRAPHIC
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: GALLONS OF INK
Actual Annual Process Rate: 365000 Maximum Design Rate: 65.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 1000 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
GENERAL
0.0 Heat Content:
333
-POCEES EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 57 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 310 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-05-005-06 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: PRINTING/PUBLISH PRINTING PROCESS
Type of Source: Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: GALLONS OF SOLVENT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 8000 Maximum Design Rate:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
INK THIN SOLVENT METHYL ETHYL KETN
0.0 Heat Content:
0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 22
Process Level Comment:
CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate: 7.3
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 27 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 147 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: 49 Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comnent:
A-62
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 1-3
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Nunber: 4-05-005-98 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/89
SCC Description: PRINTING/PUBLISH PRINTING PROCESS INK THIN SOLVENT SEE COMMENT
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: O.'O Heat Content:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: GALLONS OF SOLVENT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 7500 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 20.5 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: MO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GOR on C7
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 30 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 164 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-63
-------
A-64
-------
County C
Jacksonville Auto Body Repair
1958 Fruitwood Lane
Jacksonville, USA
General Facility Information:
Jacksonville Auto Body Repair is located in County C. In reply to the
survey questionnaire, the company provided data on the types and quantities of
paint and solvent used during 1987. Jacksonville Auto Body Repair is open 5
days per week, 52 weeks per year. Four people are employed at ena company.
This source category is unregulated, rule effectiveness does not need to be
applied.
Coatinq/Solvent
Enamel
Acrylic Enamel
Primer Surfacer
Thinner
1987 Consumption
(aallon/vear)
1,500
2,650
800
1,000
Coating Density
(Ib/aal)
7.6
8.9
9.4
7.4
WT %
Solvent
49
52
64
100
Calculations:
100% of solvent evaporates
*Enamel: 1500 gal/yr x 7.6 Ib/gal x 49 Ib VOC/100 Ib paint
= 5,586 Ib VOC/year
(5,586 Ib VOC/yr)/(5 day/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 21.5 Ib VOC/03 day
- *Acrylic Enamel: 2650 x 8.9 x 52/100 = 12,264 Ib VOC/year
(12,264)/(5 x 52) = 47.2 Ib VOC/03 day
- *Primer Surfacer: 800 x 9.4 x 64/100 = 4,813 Ib VOC/year
(4813)/(5 x 52) = 18.5 Ib VOC/03 day
- *Thinner: 1000 x 7.4 100/100 = 7,400 Ib VOC/year
(7.,400)/(5 x 52) - 28.5 Ib VOC/03 day
Daily Ozone Season VOC Emissions:
- *21.5 + 47.2 + 18.5 + 28.5 = 115.7 Ib VOC/03 day
A-65
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 7-1
SHALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: JACKSONVILLE AUTO BODY REPAIR Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: CALHOUN CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0830
Street Address: 1958 FRUITUOOD LANE City: JACKSONVILLE, USA' Zip Code: 66666-6666
SIC Codes: 7532
Source Category: Won-Industrial Surface Coating - Auto Refinishing
Number of Employees: 4
Activity Level (Per Day): 22.9 GALLONS OF PAINT & THINNER
Emission Factor: 5.1 LB VOC/GALLON OF PAINT & THINNER
VOC Emissions: 115./(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: EF BASED ON WEIGHTED AVG; UNIFORM ACTIVITY;2600AYS
I
cr>
-------
County C
Petro Excel Oil Company
893 Old Rosewood Hwy
Ozoneville, USA
General Facility Information:
The Petro Excel Oil Company operates a gasoline distribution facility
"bulk plant" in County C. The facility consists of two identical internal
floating roof tanks, each 100 ft in diameter, and one submerged fill and vapor
balance loading rack system. The bulk plant stores and distribute; .n'y
gasoline and has no daily variation in either the stored or daily throughput
quantity (8000 gal/day).
VOC emissions from the plant come from two main categories: storage tank
losses, and loading losses. VOC emissions were calculated using the approach
outlined in AP-42 along with specific equipment specifications and throughput
information supplied by company officials.
The following contains a list of specific data on the Petro bulk plant
and is followed by calculations showing the derivation of the VOC emission
estimates.
Climate and General Data from USA
Average ozone season temperature: £3°F
Average ozone season windspeed: 10 miles/hr
Average ozone season atmospheric pressure: 14.7 psia
Typical gasoline Reid vapor pressure during ozone season: 10.8 psia
Plant Data
Tank description: Freely vented internal floating roof tank; contact
deck made of welded 5 ft wide continuous sheets, with
vapor-mounted resilient seal; the fixed roof is
supported by 6 pipe columns; tank shell and roof
painted aluminum; 100 ft diameter.
A-67
-------
Petro Excel Oil Company
Stored products: Motor gasoline (petroleum liquid); Reid vapor pressure
of 10.8 psia; 5.6 Ib/gal liquid density; no vapor or
liquid composition given; 1.74 x 106 gallons
throughput for the 7 months (55,100) bbl.
Loading system: Dedicated vapor balance service practicing vapor
recovery with a measured efficiency of 95%. Gasoline
tank truck volume is 8000 gallons.
Calculations:
Total VOC Emissions = Tank Losses (rim seal + withdrawal loss + deck
fitting loss) + Loading Losses.
RIM seal losses:
LR = K.VP'DMX
LR = rim seal loss (Ib/yr)
Ka = 6.7, seal factor (lb-mole/(ft (mi/hr)n yr))
V = 10, average wind speed at tank site (mi/hr)
n = 0, seal related wind speed exponent (dimensionless)
P = 8.6, true vapor pressure at average actual liquid storage
temperature (psia), [For 10.8 psia Reid Vapor Pressure gasoline
and average temperature of 83°F]
P* = 0.216, vapor pressure function (dimensionless), [Based on true
vapor pressure of 8.6 psia and atmosphere pressure of 14.7 psia]
D = 100, tank diameter (ft)
Mv = 65,.average molecular weight of vapor in storage tank (Ib/lb-mole),
Kc = 1, product factor (dimensionless)
Rim seal loss for both tanks:
= 2 LR
= 2 (6.7)(1)(0.216)(100)(1)
= 18,850 Ib/year x year/365 day
- 51.6 Ib VOC/03 day
A-68
-------
County C
Petro Excel Oil Company
Withdrawal Losses:
U, = (0.943) QCWL x [1 + N^J
D D
Lv = withdrawal loss (Ib/year)
Q = 92.7 x 103, total throughput (bbl/year)
C = 0.0015, shell clingage factor (bbl/1000 ft2)
WL = 5.6, average gasoline density (Ib/gal)
D = 100, tank diameter (ft)
Nc = 6, number of columns (dimensionless)
Fe = 1, effective column diameter (ft)
Withdrawal loss for both tanks = Lv
= (0.943H92.7 x 103H0.0015H5.6) [1 + (6Hni
100 ' 100
=7.8 Ib/yr x yr/365 days = 0.02 Ib VOC/ozone Season day
Deck fitting losses:
Lf - F£P*MJ<=
L£ = deck fitting losses (Ib/yr)
F£ = 700, total deck fitting loss factor (Ib-mole/yr)
P* = 0.216
M, = 65 Ib/lb-mole
KC - 1
Deck Fitting losses for both tanks = 2 Lf
= 2(700)(0.216)(65)(1.0)
= 19,694 Ib VOC/yr x yr/365 days = 54.0 Ib VOC/ozone season day
Loading Losses - from tank truck loading (displacement of organic vapors
from "empty" tanks)
LL = 12.46 SPK/T (1 - effx RE/100)
A-69
-------
County C
Petro Excel Oil Company
LL = loading loss (lb/103 gal loaded)
S =1, saturation factor
P = 8.6, true vapor pressure (psia)
^ = 65 Ib/lb-mole
T = 540°R, temperature of gasoline
eff = 95%, control efficiency
RE = 0.8, rule effectiveness
Loading losses:
= (12.46) (1H8.6H6.5) (1 -(.80)(.95)) = 0.31 Ib VOC/103 gal loaded
540
=. 0 31 Ib VOC x 1.74 x 106 gal loaded x season
103 gal loaded ozone season 217 ozone season days
= 2.48 Ib VOC/ozone season day
Daily ozone season emissions for Petro Excel bulk gasoline plant are:
Rim losses = 51.6 Ibs/day
Withdrawal losses = 0.0 Ibs/day
Deck Fitting losses = 54.0 Ibs/day
Loading losses = 2.5 Ibs/dav
108.1 Ibs/day
A-;
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 15-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: PETRO EXCEL BULK PLANT Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: CALHOUN CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0771
Street Address: 893 OLD ROSEWOOD HIGHWAY City: OZONEVILLE, USA Zip Code: 33333-3333
SIC Codes: 5171
Source Category: Gasoline Bulk Plants
Number of Employees: 17
Activity Level (Per Day): 90,000 GALLON STORAGE CAPACITY
Emission Factor: 1.2 LB/10A3 GALL STORAGE CAPACITY
VOC Emissions: 108.1(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Garment: EF CALC'D BASED ON RIM+DECK+LOADING LOSSES
-------
A-72
-------
County C
Metal Products, Inc.
312 Dogwood Circle
Jacksonville, USA
General Facility Information:
Metal Products, Inc., is a metal fabrication company located in County
C. The company manufactures specialty metal parts on a contract basis. The
company operates six open top vapor degreasers. In 1987, 145,000 pounds of
perchloroethylene were purchased and 60,000 pounds were recovered for
recycling. Since this facility is currently uncontrolled and not subject to
air emission regulations, no rule effectiveness factor is applied. Metal
Products employed 75 persons during 1987.
Calculations:
Evaporated solvent: 145,000 - 60,000 = 85,000 Ibs
(85,000 lbs/yr)/(5 days/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 327 Ib VOC/03 day
A-73
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SHALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 12-1
SHALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: HETAL PRODUCTS, INC. . Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: CALHOUN CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0873
Street Address: 312 DOGWOOD CIRCLE City: JACKSONVILLE, USA Zip Code: 44444-4444
SIC Codes: 3491
Source Category: Solvent Hetal Cleaning - Open Top Vapor Degreasers
Number of Employees: 75
Activity Level (Per Day): 327 LB SOLVENT CONSUMED
Emission Factor: 1 LB VOC/Lfl SOLVENT CONSUMED
VOC Emissions: 327(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: UNIFORM ACTIVITY; 260 DAYS/YEAR
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 5-1
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PLANT INFORMATION
CALHOUN CO
ID:
Plant Name: METAL PRODUCTS, INC.
Type of Inventory: 2
State: GEORGIA County:
NEDS Plant ID: 0873 COS Plant
Street Address: 312 DOGWOOD CIRCLE
City Code: UTM Zone: 17
Township/Modeling Grid Code:
SIC Codes - Primary: 3011 Secondary: Tertiary:
Principal Product: Employees: 75 Plant Area:
Plant Contact: JEAN SMITH Telephone Number; (919) 111-1212
Plant Level Comment:
Last Updated by: CAO on 07/28/89
54
AQCR:
Local Plant ID:
City: JACKSONVILLE,USA Zip Code:
UTM Easting: 222.2 UTM Northing: 3333.3
10.0 acres
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/3C/29
Point ID: 01
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing: 0.0 Latitude:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 16 Days per week: 5
Start time: 07:00 Ending time: 23:00
Throughputs - December through Febraury: 25 March through May: 25
June through August: 25 September through November:
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Flowrate: Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity: Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Comment:
Longitude:
Weeks per year: 52
25
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EOUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 43 Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)7 N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment: 6 OPEN TOP DEGREASERS
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/20/3^
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-01-002-17 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC SOLVENT VAPOR DECREASING OPEN TOP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: LBS OF SOLVENT USED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 14167 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 54 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
ENTIRE UNIT
0.0 Heat Content:
A-75
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 5-2
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbenked Emissions: 7 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 55 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hcur ^missions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-01-002-17 SCC Sequence Number: 02
SCC Description: ORGANIC SOLVENT VAPOR DECREASING OPEN TOP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: LBS OF SOLVENT USED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 14167 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 55 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
ENTIRE UNIT
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0,0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Coroliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/35
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 7 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 :ons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 55 IDS CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Procsss Emissions Level Garment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-01-002-17 SCC Sequence Number: 03
SCC Description: ORGANIC SOLVENT VAPOR DECREASING OPEN TOP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: LBS OF SOLVENT USED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 14167 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 55 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process
Process Level Conment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
ENTIRE UNIT
0.0 Heat Content:
Rate:
A-76
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 5-3
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 7 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily E.nissicns: 35 I is CO Season Hax 3-Hour E.THSSICPS: t^s
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-01-002-17 SCC Sequence Number: 04
SCC Description: ORGANIC SOLVENT VAPOR DECREASING OPEN TOP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur; 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: L8S OF SOLVENT USED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 14167 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 55 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR or
ENTIRE UNIT
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/3C/S-
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 7 cons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 :ons cer
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 55 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-01-002-17 SCC Sequence Number: 05
rSCC Description: ORGANIC SOLVENT VAPOR DECREASING OPEN TOP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: LBS OF SOLVENT USED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 14167 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 55 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/S9
ENTIRE UNIT
0.0 Heat Content:
A-77
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 5-4
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 7 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 55 Ibs CO Season Max 3-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATICS
SCC Number: 4-01-002-17 SCC Sequence Number: 06
SCC Description: ORGANIC SOLVENT VAPOR DECREASING OPEN TOP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: LBS OF SOLVENT USED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 14167
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 55
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30, 39
ENTIRE UNIT
0.0 Heat Content:
Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/3CY?'
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 7 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 55 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-78
-------
County C
Goodblimp Tire Company
43 N. Frasier Fir Hwy
Ozoneville, USA
General Facility Information:
Goodblimp Tire Company manufactures rubber tires and is located in
County C. In reply to the survey questionnaire, Goodblimp Co. was unable to
provide solvent usage data for each operation, but did supply the 1937
operating information which follows.
Goodblimp operates on a 7-day work week, 52 weeks per year and produces
tires at a rate of 12,000 per day. Hexane, which is reactive, is the solvent
used in all the company's tire manufacturing operations. It is stored in a
75,000-gallon fixed-roof tank and an average of 45,000 gallons per month are
purchased. A rule effectiveness factor of 80% is applied to all regulated
processes at the plant. The company employs 380 workers.
Plant Data
12,000 tires per day
Process Information:
Operation
Undertread Cementing
Bead dipping
Tire building
Treadend cementing
Green tire spraying
Molding & curing
Finishing
Sidewall cementing
Uncontrolled
Emission Factor
(Ib VOC/tire)
0.209
0.018
0.073
0.033
0.220
0.013
0.004
0.105
Vapor Capture
Efficiency
(%)
85
85
0
85
90
0
0
0
Incineration
Destruction ''
Efficiency (%) ,
90
90 !
0
90
90
0
0
0
A-79
-------
County C
Goodblimp Tire Company
VOL Storage tank data
Tank type: fixed roof, new condition
Number of tanks: one
Tank diameter: 35 ft
Tank height: 12 ft
Average diurnal temperature change: 15°F
Solvent stored: hexane
Average temperature for ozone season: 83°F
Tank capacity: 75,000 gallons
Tank paint: specular aluminum
Throughput: 1500 gal/day
Average vapor space height: 1.2 ft
Calculations:
Undertread cementing daily emissions are equal to uncontrolled emissions
times control efficiency adjusted for rule effectiveness.
*12000 tires/03 season day x 0.209 Ib VOC/tire x [1 -
(0.85)(0.90)(0.80)] = 973 Ib VOC/03 season day
Bead dipping:
*12000 x 0.018 x [1 - (0.85)(0.90)(0.80)] = 83.8 Ib VOC/03 season day
Tire building:
*12000 x 0.073 Ib VOC/tire = 876 Ib VOC/03 day
Treadend cementing:
*12000 x.0.033 x [1-(0.85)(0.90)(0.80)] = 153.6 Ib VOC/03 day
Green tire spraying:
*12000 x 0.220 x [1-(0.90)(0.90)(0.80)] = 929 Ib VOC/03 day
Molding and Curing:
*12000 x 0.013 = 156 Ib VOC/03 day
Finishing:
*12000 x 0.004 = 48 Ib VOC/03 day
Sidewall cementing:
*12000 x 0.105 = 1,260 Ib VOC/03 day
A-80
-------
County C
Goodblimp Tire Company
Tank loss emissions = breathing + working
*Breathing losses (LB)
LB = 2.26 x 10'2 ^(P/P^P)0-6^1'73^-51 T°-30FPCKC
M,, = 80, average molecular weight of vapor in storage tank (Ib/lb-mole)
P = 2.5, true vapor pressure at average actual liquid storage
temperatures (psia),
PA = 14.7, average atmospheric pressure (psia)
D = 35, tank diameter (ft)
H = 1.2, average vapor space height (ft)
T = 15, average ambient diurnal change (°F)
Fp = 1.2, paint factor (dimensionless)
C =1, adjustment factor for small diameter tanks (dimension!es
Kc = 1, product factor
(2.26 x 10'2) (80) (2.5/14.7-2.5)°-68(35)1-73(1.2)0-51(15)°-so(l. 2) (1)(1)
= 1,469 Ib/yr x yr/365 days = 4.0 Ib VOC/03 day
Working Losses (LJ
Lv = 2.40 x 10'5 M.PVNK^
M, = 80 Ib/lb-mole
P = 2.5 psia
V = 75,000 gal tank capacity
N = 7.3, turnovers per year
KN = 1
KC = 1
(2.40 x 10-5)(aO)(2.5)(75,000)(7.3)(l)(l)=2,628 Ib/yr x yr/365 = 7.2 lb/day 03
Daily Ozone Season Emissions:
Undertread Cementing 973 Ib/day
Bead dipping 84 lb/day
Tire building 876 lb/day
Treadend cementing 154 lb/day
A-81
-------
County C
Goodblimp Tire Company
Green tire spraying 929 Ib/day
Molding & curing 156 Ib/day
Finishing 48 Ib/day
Sidewall cementing 1,260 Ib/day
Tank breathing losses 4 Ib/day
Tank working losses 7 Ib/day
TOTAL: . 4,491 Ib/day
A-82
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
Page 2-1
PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: GOOOBLIMP TIRE COMPANY Last Updated by: CAO on 07/28/89
Type of Inventory: 2
State: GEORGIA County: CALHOUN CO AQCR: 54
NEDS Plant ID: 0097 COS Plant ID: Local Plant ID:
Street Address: 43 N FRASIER FIR HIGHWAY City: OZONEVILLE, USA Zip Code: 44444-4444
City Code: UTM Zone: 17 UTM Easting: 222.2 UTM Northing: 3333.3
Township/Modeling Grid Code:
SIC Codes - Primary: 3011 Secondary: Tertiary:
Principal Product: Employees: 330 Plant Area: 50.0 acres
Plant Contact: JEAN SMITH Telephone Muirber: (919) 111-1212
Plant Level Comment:
POINT INFORMATION
Point ID: 01 Local Point ID: Last Updated by: GDR en 07/30/3?
SIC: 3011
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing: 0.0 Latitude: Longitude:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24 Days per week: 7 Weeks per year: 52
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury: March through May:
June through August: September through November:
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Flowrate: Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity: Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 3-08-001-02 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: CDS :r. ".'2Z,1'
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS TIRE MFC BEAD DIPPING
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 TIRES PRODUCED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 4380 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 12 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 76.5 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 84 Emission Limitation: 50 TONS/YEAR
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 18.0
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 9 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 84 Ibs .CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-83
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
Page 2-2
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 3-08-001-05 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS TIRE MFC TREAD END CEMENTG
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 TIRES PRODUCED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 4380 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 12 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR in 07/3C/39
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 76.5 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 84 Emission Limitation: 25 TONS PER YEAR
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 33
Annual Nonbankea Emissions: 17 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 154 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 3-08-001-06 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: GDR on 07/?0/?c
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS TIRE MFC GREEN TIRE SPRAY
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 TIRES PRODUCED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 4380 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 12 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 81.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 84 Emission Limitation: 150 TONS/YEAR
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 220
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 92 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 929 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-84
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
Page 2-3
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Nunber: 3-08-001-20 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS TIRE MFC UNDERTREAD & SIDE CEMENTING
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 TIRES PRODUCED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 4380 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 12 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GO? en :
Primary Control Device: DIRECT FLAME AFTERBURNER
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 76.5 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? Y Compliance Year: 84 Emission Limitation: 320 TCUS =HR '^
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 209
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 108 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: 80
03 Season Daily Emissions: 973 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
POINT INFORMATION
Point ID: 02 Local Point ID: Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing: 0.0 Latitude: Longitude:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24 Days per week: 7 Weeks per year: 52
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury: March through May:
June through August: September through November:
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: PIL-T^ Rise:
Flowrate: Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Ccmnon Stack:
Boiler Capacity: Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Comment:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 427 Estimation Method:
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Cotnnent:
A-35
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 2-4
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
UNDERTREAD
Percent Ash: 0.0
SCC Number: 3-08-001-01 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS TIRE MFC
Type of Source: Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 TIRES PRODUCED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 4380 Maximum Design Rate:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
SIDE WALL CEMENTING
Heat Content:
0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 12
Process Level Comment:
CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EOUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EOUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/S'»
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 105
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 230 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness': N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 1260 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
TIRE BUILDING
Percent Ash: 0.0
SCC Number: 3-08-001-04 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS TIRE MFG
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 TIRES PRODUCED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 4330 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 12 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 73
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 160 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 876 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-86
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 2-5
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 3-08-001-07 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS TIRE MFC TIRE CURING
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 TIRES PRODUCED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 4380 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 12 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: :S2 en
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor- 13
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 156 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
NOT CLASSIFIED
Percent Ash: 0.
SCC number: 3-08-001-97 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: RUBBER/PLASTICS TIRE MFC
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 TIRES PRODUCED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 4380 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 12 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment: TIRE FINISHING PROCESS
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
SEE
CCMHEMT
Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Last Updated by: GDR on or/30/1'.
Compliance Year:
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 9 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 48 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-37
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 2-6
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
POINT INFORMATION
Point ID: 03 Local Point ID:
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTH Northing:
Operating Schedule • Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time:
Throughputs - December through Febraury
June through August: 25
Stack Parameters - Height:
Flowrate:
Boiler Capacity:
Point Level Comment:
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/89
Longitude:
Weeks per year: 52
25 March through May: 25
September through November: 25
Diameter: 0.0 Temperature:
Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with
Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Plume
Common
Rise:
Stack:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 1 Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Garment: FIXED ROOF TANK BREATHING AND WORKING LOSSES
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-07-016-97 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC CHEM STRG FIXED ROOF TANKS SPECIFY
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 75 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 75 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process
Process Level Comment: HEXANE STORAGE
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/2'
ALKANE BREATHING LOSS
Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
Rate:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor: 0.000
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 1 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 4 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-i
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 2-7
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Nunber: 4-07-016-98 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: ORGANIC CHEN STRG FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 540 Maximum Design Rate:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
SPECIFY ALJCANE WORKING LOSS
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
03 Season Daily Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
1.5
0.000
CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: CDS on 07/30/5-
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: MATERIAL BALANCE Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 1 tons per year Annual. Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 7 IDS CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: IDS
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-89
-------
A-90
-------
County C
People's Cleaners
1412 Red Maple Drive
Jacksonville, USA
General Facility Information:
People's Cleaners is located in County C, employs 7 people ar.d ,-apj,-;3:
cleaning 56 tons of clothing in 1987. The company purchased 23,000 pounds of
perchloroethylene in 1987- Assuming all perchloroethylene was lost through
evaporation, the emissions are 23,000 pounds per year. Since this source
category is unregulated, no rule effectiveness needs to be applied. Cleaning
activity remained constant throughout the year (6 days per wk, 52 wks per yr).
Calculations:
*(23,000 lb/yr)/(6 day/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 73.7 Ib VOC/03 day
A-91
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page H-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: PEOPLE'S CLEANERS Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: CALHOUN CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0940
Street Address: K12 RED MAPEL DRIVE City: JACKSONVILLE, USA' Zip Code: 66666-6666
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Nunber of Employees: 7
Activity Level (Per Day): 73.7 LBS OF PERC CONSUMED
Emission Factor: 1 LB VOC/LB OF PERC CONSUMED
VOC Emissions: 73.7(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: UNIFORM ACTIVITY; 312 DAYS/YEAR
i
10
ro
-------
County C
Ozoneville Cleaners
5900 Black Oak Parkway
Ozoneville, USA
General Facility Information:
Ozoneville Cleaners is a dry cleaning facility located in County C. The
company was identified through a review of businesses listed in the yellow
pages. The company did not respond to the survey questionnaire. Follow-up
telephone calls revealed that: tiie company did not maintain any recarcs for :ne
year 1987. The manager did however reveal that the cleaners employed 13
people in 1987, and operated 6 days per week, 52 weeks per year. He estimated
that 95% of all activity took place during the summer months.
Calculations:
Since no company-specific data were available, emissions for the 1987
base year were estimated using an employee-based emission factor derived
from survey responses from other dry cleaners in the MSA.
Since this source category is unregulated, no rule effectiveness factor
needs to be applied.
The following information was used to develop the emission factor:
Company
Jiffy Cleaners
JR's Laundry & Car Wash
Same Day Cleaners
Klutz Cleaning Service
People's Cleaners
County
C
D
A
D
C
No of
Employee
35
23
5
8
7
Ib VOC per
Ozone day
482
400
77
64
74
AVERAGE:
Ib VOC per
Emolovee-day
13.8
17.4
15.4
8.0
10.6
13.0
13.0 Ib VOC/emp day x 18 employees =• 234.0 lb/03 day
Annual tonnage was estimated as follows:
X Ib/yr x 0.95 x l/(6 x 30) = 234 lb/03 day
X = 44,337 Ib/yr = 22 tons VOC/yr
A-93
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 13-1
SHALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: OZONEVILLE CLEANERS Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: CALNOUN CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0859
Street Address: 5900 BLACK OAK PARKWAY City: OZONEVILLE. USA Zip Code: 77777-7777
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Number of Employees: 18
Activity Level (Per Day): 18 EMPLOYEES
Emission Factor: 13.0 LB VOC/EMPLOYEE
VOC Emissions: 234(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: SEASON ADJ. = 0.95; EF BASED ON SURVEY DATA
-------
County C
Spotless Cleaners
878 Basswood Drive
Jacksonville, USA
General Facility Information:
Spotless Cleaners is a dry cleaning business located in County C. The
current owners purchased the business in 1988 and therefore could not provide
solvent consumption or cleaning activity for the 1987 base year. The current
owner did, however, know that 9 people were employed in the base yea.- l?2".
Calculations:
Since no company-specific data were available, emissions for the 1987
base year were estimated using an employee-based emission factor derived
from survey responses form other dry cleaners in the MSA.
Since this source category is unregulated, no rule effectiveness factor
needs to be applied.
The following information was used to develop the emission factor:
Company
Jiffy Cleaners
JR's Laundry & Car Wash
Same Day Cleaners
Klutz Cleaning Service
People's Cleaners
County
C
D
A
D
C
No. of
Employees
35
23
5
8
7
Ib VOC per
Ozone day
482
400
77
64
74
AVERAGE:
Ib VOC per
Employee-day
13.8
17.4
15.4
8.0
10.6
13.0
13.0 Ib VOC/emp day x 9 employe? - 117.0 lb/03 day
A-95
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SHALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 18-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: SPOTLESS CLEANERS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: CALHOUN CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0612
Street Address: 878 BASSWOOO DRIVE City: JACKSONVILLE, USA • Zip Code: 77777-7777
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Number of Employees: 9
Activity Level (Per Day): 9 EMPLOYEES
Emission Factor: 13.0 LBS/EHPLOYEE
VOC Emissions: 117(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: EF BASED ON SURVEY DATA: UNIFORM ACTIVITY
3>
VO
-------
APPENDIX A.4 COUNTY D POINT SOURCES
• University Publishing
• Fender Bender Repair
• King's Auto Body Repair
• Waste Busters, Inc.
• Joe's Oil Company
• JR's Laundry and Car Wash
0 Klutz Cleaning Service
• Bob's Cleaners & Used Clothes
A-97
-------
A-98
-------
County D
University Publishing
6789 Magnolia Parkway
Ham!in, USA
General Facility Information:
University Publishing is located in County D and is a gravure printing
facility specializing in the production of magazines. The company operates
two production presses consisting of eight units each, and a single proof
press. VOC emissions are controlled at the facility using solvent vapor
capture systems combined with carbon bed adsorption/solvent recovery control
systems. The company operates 6 days per week, 52 weeks per year during the
1987 base year. University Publishing reported employing 38 persons during
1987.
VOC emissions are calculated for the 1987 base year using material
balances. Material balances for the company were based on information
supplied during the survey response and during a follow-up plant visit. Based
on the composite ink and solvent usage, total annual quantity of solvent
directed to the carbon absorption system is 3,525 tons per year. A rule
effectiveness factor of 80% is applied to account for variations in control
efficiency over time.
Calculations:
Assuming a solvent recovery efficiency of 80%, and using the 80% rule
effectiveness value, emissions are estimated as follows:
*3,525 tons VOC/yr x [1-(.80}(.80)J = 1,269 tons VOC/yr
*(1,269 tons/yr)/(6 days/wk x 52 wks/yr) =4.07 tons VOC/03 day
= 8.134 Ibs VOC/03 day
A-99
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
Page 8-1
PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: UNIVERSITY PUBLISHING Last Updated by: CAO on 07/28/89
Type of Inventory: 2
State: GEORGIA County: DAOE CO AOCR: 54
NEDS Plant ID: 0137 COS Plant ID: Local Plant ID:
Street Address: 6789 MAGNOLIA PARKEAY City: HAUL IN, USA Zip Code: 44444-4444
City Code: UTM Zone: 17 UTM Easting: 222.2 UTM Northing: 3333.3
Township/Modeling Grid Code:
SIC Codes - Primary: 2754 Secondary: Tertiary:
Principal Product: MAGAZINES Enployees: 33 Plant Area: 5.0 acres
Plant Contact: JEAH SMITH Telephone Nurber: (919) 111-1212
Plant Level Connent:
A-100
-------
County D
Fender Bender Repair
9876 Aspen Pike
Misenville, USA
General Facility Information:
Fender Bender Repair is an auto body repair shop located in County 0.
The company did not respond to the survey questionnaire. Follow-up telephone
contacts were made to gather paint and solvent consumption data. The company
did not maintain records for 1987 and was unable to estimate paint/solv = n:
usage. The only information available was that 4 persons were employed during
1987.
Calculations:
Emissions were estimated based on the number of employees. An employee
-based emission factor was derived using paint/solvent consumption and
employee data from three other area body shops.
This source category is uncontrolled, so no rule effectiveness factor
needs to be applied.
Company
Jacksonville
Kings
Twinkies
County
C
D
B
VOC Emissions
(Ib/Ozone-dav)
115.7
163.3
96.3
No of
Employees
4
7
3
AVERAGE:
Employee Based
Emission Factor
Clb VOC/Emoloveev,
28.9
23.3
32.1
28.1
28.1 1b VOC x 4 employees
employee 03 day
112.4 1b VOC
03 day
Assuming 6 day per week, 52 weeks per year, annual emissions are
estimated at 17.5 tons per year.
A-101
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SHALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 4-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Nam: FENDER BENDER REPAIR Last Updated by: GDR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: CADE CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0987
Street Address: 9876 ASPEN PIKE City: MISENVILLE, USA Zip Code: 22222-2222
SIC Codes: 7532
Source Category: Non-Industrial Surface Coating - Auto Refinishing
Number of Employees: 4
Activity Level (Per Day): 4 EMPLOYEES
Emission Factor: 112.4 LB VOC/EHPLOYEE
VOC Emissions: 112.4(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: EF BASED ON SURVEY DATA; UNIFORM ACTIVITY
o
ro
-------
County D
King's Auto Body Repair
458 Mesquite Parkway
Hamlin, USA
General Facility Information:
King's Auto Body Repair shop is located in County D. In reply to the
survey questionnaire, the company provided information regarding the types and
quantities of paint and solvent used during 1987. King's employs 7 persons
and operates 6 days per weak, 52 weeks per year. Since this facility is noc
subject to air emission regulations and is uncontrolled, no rule effectiveness
factor is applied. The following specific paint and solvent consumption data
were provided:
Coating/Solvent
Chassis paint
Primer
Enamel
Acryl ic enamel
Wax
Thinner
1987 Consumption
qallons/vr
450
1600
2900
3300
100
1800
Coating Density
Mb/aal)
9.6
9.4
7.6
8.9
7.9
7.4
WT%
Solvent
52
54
47
49
42
100
Calculations:
100% of solvent evaporates
Chassis paint:
*450 gal/yr x 9.6 Ib/gal x 52 Ib VOC/100 Ib paint = 2,246 Ib VOC/yr
*(2,246 Ib VOC/yr)/(6 day/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 7.2 Ib VOC/03 day
Primer:
*1600 x 9.4 x 54/100 = 8121.6 Ib VOC/yr
*(8121.6)/(6 x 52) - 26.0 Ib VOC/03 day
A-103
-------
County D
King's Auto Body Repair
Enamel:
*2900 x 7.6 x 47/100 = 10,358.8 Ib VOC/yr
*(10,358.8)/(6 x 52) = 33.2 Ib VOC/03 day
Acrylic enamel:
*3,300 x 8.9 x 49/100 = 14,391.3 Ib VOC/yr
*(14,391.3)/(6 x 52) - 46.1 Ib VOC/03 day
Wax:
*100 x 7.9 x 42/100 = 331.8 Ib VOC/yr
*(331.8)/(6 x 52) = 1.06 Ib VOC/03 day
Thinner:
*1800 x 7.4 x 100/100 = 13.320 Ib VOC/yr
*(13.320)/(6 x 52) = 42.2 Ib VOC/03 day
Daily Ozone Season VOC Emissions:
7.2 + 26.0 + 33.2 + 46.1 + 1.06 + 42.7 = 156.3 Ib VOC/03 day
A-104
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SHALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 10-1
SHALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: KING'S AUTO BODY REPAIR Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: DADE CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0654
Street Address: 458 HESQUITE PARKWAY City: HAUL IN, USA Zip Code: 88888-8888
SIC Codes: 7532
Source Category: Non-Industrial Surface Coating - Auto Refinishing
Number of Employees: 7
Activity Level (Per Day): 32.5 GALLONS PAINT & THINNER/DAY
Emission Factor: 4.8 LB/GALLON OF PAINT & THINNER
VOC Emissions: 156.3(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: EF BASED ON WEIGHTED AVG;UNIFORH ACTIVITY; 312 DAYS
CD
en
-------
A-106
-------
County D
Waste Busters, Inc.
5392 E. Buckeye Hwy
Misenville, USA
General Facility Information:
Waste Busters, Inc., operates a municipal waste incinerator in County D.
The facility consists of two identical mass burn waterwall furnaces, each
designed to incinerate 1000 tons of refuse per day. In 1987, the facility
operated at 100% of capacity for a total of 318 days. Operation was uniformly
distributed throughout the year. The company has 24 on-site employees.
Emissions from the plant that were included in the O^CO inventory
include: carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and VOCs. Emission measurements
performed during compliance tests form the basis for the emission estimates.
Rule effectiveness was not applied since this source category is not currently
subject to any air emission regulations.
Calculations:
- CO:
2.2 Ib CO/ton x 2000 ton/day = 4,400 Ib CO/day
4,400 Ib CO/day x 318 days/year = 700 tons/year
NO,:
3.6 Ib Norton x 2000 ton/day = 7,200 Ib NO^day
- VOC:
0.10 Ib VOC/ton x 2000 ton/day = 200 Ib VOC/day
200 Ib VOC/day x 318 days/year = annual emissions of 32 tons
A-107
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 9-1
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: WASTE BUSTERS, INC.
Type of Inventory: 2
State: GEORGIA County: DADE CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0767 COS Plant ID:
Street Address: 5392 E BUCKEYE HWY
Last Updated by: CAO on 07/28/89
City Code: UTM Zone: 17
Township/Modeling Grid Code:
AQCR: 54
Local Plant ID:
City: MISENVILLE, USA
Zip Code: 44444-4444
UTM Easting: 222.2
UTM Northing: 3333.3
SIC Codes - Primary: 3011
Principal Product:
Plant Contact: JEAN SMITH
Plant Level Comment:
Secondary: Tertiary:
Employees: 24 Plant Area:
Telephone Number: (919) 111-1212
30.0 acres
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/20/89
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Longitude:
Weeks per year: 52
Point ID: 01
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time:
Throughputs - December through Febraury: March- through May:
June through August: September through November:
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Flowrate: Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity: Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 5-01-001-01 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/3?
SCC Description: SOLID WASTE DISPL GOVERNMENT MUNICIPAL INCIN MULTIPLE CHAMBER
Type of Source: Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: TONS 3URNED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 318000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 1000 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: CARBON MONOXIDE
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)7 N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 2.2
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 350 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year-
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2200 tbs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-108
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 9-2
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: NITROGENOUS COMPOUNDS (NOx)
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Compliance Year:
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 3.6
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 572 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2600 Ibs CO Season Sax 3-Hour Scissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: HO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 0.1
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 16 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.46 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 100 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment: UNIT #1
PROCESS INFORMATION
02
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/S9
MUNICIPAL INCIN MULTIPLE CHAMBER
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
SCC Number: 5-01-001-01 SCC Sequence Number
SCC Description: SOLID WASTE DISPL GOVERNMENT
Type of Source: Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: TONS BURNED
Actual Annual Process Rate: 313000 Meximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 1000 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Conment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: CARBON MONOXIDE
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 2.2
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 350 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2200 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-109
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 9-3
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: NITROGENOUS COMPOUNDS (NOx)
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 3.6
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 572 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 3600 Ibs CO Season Max 3-Hour Emissions: ics
Process Emissions Level Connent:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 0.10
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 16 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 100 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-110
-------
County D
Joe's Oil Company
9846 Mulberry Road
Petersburg, USA
General Facility Information:
Joe's Oil Company operates a tank farm and truck loading facility in
County D. The facility consists of 10 identical fixed-roof tanks, each 100 ft
in diameter and having an average vapor space height of 7 ft. Each tank has a
white roof and shell in good condition. The tank farm stores only gasoline
(RVP=10.8) and has no daily variation in either the quantity stored or the
daily throughput of 192,000 gallons per tank.
VOC emissions from the facility originate from two main sources: tank
losses, which include breathing and working losses, and loading losses, which
occur when organic vapors in "empty" cargo tanks are displaced to the
atmosphere by the liquid being loaded into the tanks. VOC emissions were
calculated using the approach outlined in AP-42. A rule effectiveness factor
of 80% was applied to the loading losses to account for temporal variations in
control efficiency.
The following list of specific data was provided by Joe's Oil Company
and was the basis of the calculated emission estimates.
Climate and General Data for Ozoneville USA
Average ozone season temperature: 83°F
Average ozone season diurnal temperature variation: 15°F
Average ozone season atmospheric pressure: 14.7 psia
Length of ozone season: 7 months (217 days)
Typical gasoline Reid vapor pressure during ozone season: 10.8 psia
Plant Data:
Tank Description: Fixed roof tanks; 100 ft diameter; 40 ft height; tank
shells and roof painted white.
A-lll
-------
County D
Joe's Oil Company
Stored product:
Motor gasoline (petroleum liquid); Reid vapor pressure
of 10.8 psia; 5.6 Ib/gal liquid density; no vapor or
liquid composition given; 192,000 gal/day throughput
for each tank.
Loading system:
Dedicated vapor balance service practicing vapor
recovery with a measured efficiency of 95%. Gasoline
tank truck volume is 8000 gallons, 240 trucks loadsd
each day.
Calculations:
Total VOC emissions = Tank losses (breathing + working) + loading
losses.
Tank losses: Breathing losses
°-50
FpCKc
LB = 2.26 x 10'2
LB = breathing loss (Ib/yr)
K,, = 65, average molecular weight of vapor in storage tank (Ib/lb-mole)
P = 8.6, true vapor pressure at average actual liquid storage
temperature (psia),
A = 14.7, average atmosphere pressure (psia)
=100, tank diameter
= 7, average vapor space height (ft)
T = 15,. average ambient diurnal change (°F)
Fp = 1, paint factor (dimensionless)
C =1, adjustment factor for small diameter tanks (dimensionless)
Kc = 1, product factor
*Breathing losses for all 10 tanks = 10 LB
= (10)(2.26 x 10'2)(65)(8. 6/14. 7-8. 6)°-68(100)1-73<7>0. 51(15)° 50(1)(1)(1)
= 559,107 Ib/year
*559,107 Ib VOC/yr x yr/365 day = 1,531.8 Ib VOC/ozone season day
A-112
-------
County D
Joe's Oil Company
Tank Losses: Working losses:
Lw = 2.40 x 10'5 M.PVNK/.
Lw = fixed roof working loss (Ib/year)
M, = 65 Ib/lb-mole
P = 8.6 psia
V = 1.94 x 106 gallons tank capacity
N = 36, number of turnovers per year (70.0 x 106/l-94 x 106)
KN = 1, turnover factor (dimensionless)
K0 = 1, product factor (dimensionless)
*Working losses for all 10 tanks = 10 Lv
= (10)(2.40 x 10-5)(65)(8.6)(1.94 x 106)(36)(1)(1)
= 9,369,700 Ib/year
*9,369,700 Ib/yr x yr/365 days = 25,670 Ib VOC/ozone season day
Loading losses - from tank truck loading (displacement of organic vapors
from "empty" tanks).
LL = 12.46 SPMyi x (1 - eff x RE/100)
LL = loading loss (lb/103 gal loaded)
S =1, saturation factor
P = 8.6 psia
Mv = 65 Ib/lb-mole
T = 543°R, temperature of gasoline
eff = 95%, control efficiency
RE = 0.80, rule effectiveness
loading losses = [(12.46) (1) (8.6) (6.5J/543] (1 - (0.80) (0.95))
= 0.31 Ib VOC/103 gal loaded
= 0.31 Ib VOC/103 gal loaded x 1,920,000 gal loaded/day
= 595.2 Ib VOC/ozone season day
»
Daily ozone season VOC emissions for Joe's Oil Company are:
Breathing losses = 1,531.8 Ibs/day
Working losses = 25,670 Ibs/day
Loading losses = 5"95 Ibs/dav
TOTAL: 27,797 Ibs/day
A-113
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-1
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PUNT INFORMATION
Plant Name: JOE'S OIL COMPANY
Type of Inventory: 2
State: GEORGIA County: DADE CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0228 COS Plant ID:
Street Address: 9846 MULBERRY ROAD
Last Updated by: CAO on 07/28/89
City Code: UTM Zone: 17
Township/Modeling Grid Code:
AQCR: 54
Local Plant ID:
City: PETERSBURG, USA
Zip Code: 44444-444;
UTM Easting: 222.2
UTM Northing: 3333.3
SIC Codes - Primary: 5171
Principal Product: GASOLINE
Plant Contact: JOE SLOW
Plant Level Comment:
Secondary: Tertiary:
Employees: 37 Plant Area:
Telephone Nurfcer: (919) 111-1212
20.0 acres
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Longitude:
Weeks per year: 52
Point ID: 01
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury: March through May:
June through August: September through November:
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Flowrate: Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity: Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Comment:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/3t>
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EOUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 497 Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FAC7CR
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)7 N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
GASOLINE-RVP 10
Percent Ash: 0.0
SCC Number: 4-04-00^1-02 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BUlK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 2379 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 6.52 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
67K BBL-BREATHING
Heat Content:
A-114
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-2
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EOUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 23.500
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 153 Ibs CO Season ^ax 3-Hcur Scissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Conment: TANK #1
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-08 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 70000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.8 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 0//30/8*
GASOLINE-RVP 10 WORKING LOSS
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EOUIPHENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 13.4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 469 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2570 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Cctrrrent:
PROCESS INFORMATION'
SCC Munfcer: 4-04-001-19 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS VAR.VAPOR SP.TNKS GASOLINE-RVP 10
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 1920 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 5.26 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
10.SIC BBL-FILL LS
Heat Content:
A-115
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-3
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Point ID: 02
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time:
Throughputs - December through Febraury
June through August: 25
Stack Parameters - Height:
Flowrate:
Boiler Capacity:
Point Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
0.0
Days
Latitude:
per week: 7
Weeks
Longitude:
per year: 52
25 March through May: 25
September through November: 25
Diameter: 0.0 Temperature:
Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with
Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Plune
Cornnon
Rise:
Stack:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 497 Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Conment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-02 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 2379 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 6.52 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
GASOLINE-RVP 10 67K BEL-BREATHING
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 23.500
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 153 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-116
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-4
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-08 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 70000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.8 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
GASOLINE-RVP 10 WORKING LOSS
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: HO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? M
Last Updated cy: GDR on Q7.'IC,'3'
Compliance Year:
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 13.4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 469 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2570 IDS CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Point ID: 03
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time:
Throughputs December through Febraury
June through August: 25
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0
Flowrate: Exit Velocity:
Boiler Capacity: Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Ccnment:
Last Updated by: GDR en 07/30/39
Weeks
Longitude:
per year: 52
25
March through Hay: 25
September through November: 25
Temperature:
0.0 Points
with
Plane
Comer:
Rise:
Stack:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 497 Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment:
A-117
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-5
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-02 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 2379 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 6.52 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Cement:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
GASOLINE-RVP 10 67K BBL-BREATHING
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION .
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/8?
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 23.500
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year .Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 153 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-08 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS GASOLINE-RVP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 70000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.3 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/""
10 WORKING LOSS
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N}7 N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 13.4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 469 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2570 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-118
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-6
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
POINT INFORMATION
Point ID: 04 Local Point ID:
SIC:
UTH Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury:
June through August:
Stack Parameters - Height:
Flowrate:
Boiler Capacity: Soace
Point Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
0.0
Days
Latitude:
per week: 7
Weeks
Longitude:
per year: 52
March through Hay:
September through November:
Diameter: 0.0
Exit Velocity:
Heat Percentage: 0.0
Temperature:
0.0
Points with
Plune
Common
Rise:
Stack:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR en 07, 3C/£?
Primary Control Device: MO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT*
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 497 Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-02 SCC Sequence Number: 01 Last
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS GASOLINE-RVP 10
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 2379 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 6.52 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Updated by: GuS en
67K SSL-BREATHING
Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 23.SCO
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 153 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-119
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-7
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-08 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS GASOLINE-RVP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 70000 Maxinun Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.8 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comnent:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
10 WORKING LOSS
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION-
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 13.4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 469 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2570 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Weeks
Point ID: 05
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing: 0.0 Latitude:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24 Days per week: 7
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury: 25 March through May: 25
June through August: 25 September through November:
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/<=c
Longitude:
per year: 52
25
Flowrate:
Boiler Capacity:
Point Level Comment:
Space Heat
Exit Velocity:
Percentage: 0.0
0.0
Points with
Plume
Common
Rise:
Stack:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/8°
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 497 Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)7 N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment:
A-120
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-8
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-02 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS GASOLINE-RVP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available fop public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 2379 Maximum Design Rate: 6.520
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 6.520 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
10 67K BBL-BREATH ING
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: HO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Last Updated by: GDR :n 37/30/39
Compliance Year:
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 23.50C
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily-Emissions: 153 IDS CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-08 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS GASOLINE-RVP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 70000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.8 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/5
10 WORKING LOSS
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/3C/S9
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 13.4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 469 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2570 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-121
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-9
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
POINT INFORMATION
06
Local Point ID:
Weeks
Point ID:
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury: 25 March through Hay: 25
June through August: 25 September through November:
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature:
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Longitude:
per year: 52
25
Flowrate:
Boiler Capacity:
Point Level Comment:
Space Heat
Exit Velocity:
Percentage: 0.0
0.0
Points with
Plume
Common
Rise:
Stack:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/^9
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 497 Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment: •
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-02 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 2379 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 6.52 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/::/r:
GASOLINE:RVP 10 67K B8L-8REATHING
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 23.500
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 153 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-122
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-10
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-08 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 70000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.8 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
GASOLINE-RVP 10 WORKING LOSS
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GOS on
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 13.4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 469 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2570 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Point ID: 07
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury:
June through August: 25
Stack Parameters - Height:
Flourate:
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/39
Longitude:
Weeks per year: 52
25 March through Hay: 25
September through November: 25
Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plane Rise:
Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boiler Capacity:
Point Level Ccnrcent:
Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 497 Estimation Method:
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
A-123
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-11
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-02 SCC Sequence Nutter: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS GASOLINE-RVP 10
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 2379 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 6.52 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Garment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
67K SSL-BREATHING
Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION '
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/3S
Compliance Year:
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor:
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year 'Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 153 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
23.500
per year
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-08 SCC Sequence Nurber: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS GASOLINE-RVP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 70000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.3 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/29
10 WORKING LOSS
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 13.4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 469 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2570 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-124
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-12
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
POINT INFORMATION
Point ID: 08 Local Point ID:
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time:
Throughputs - December through Febraury
June through August: 25
Stack Parameters - Height:
Flowrate:
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Longitude:
Weeks per year: 52
Boiler Capacity:
Point Level Comment:
25 March through May: 25
September through November: 25
Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plune Rise:
Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Space Heat Percentage: 0.0
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 497 Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-02 SCC Sequence Nurrber: 01 Last Updated by: GOR on 07/30/39
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS GASOLINE-RVP 10 67K B8L-8REATHING
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 2379 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 6.52 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0,0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 23.500
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 153 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: IDS
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-125
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-13
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-08 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS GASOLINE-RVP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 70000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.8 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Garment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
10 WORKING LOSS
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION '
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 13.4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 469 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2570 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Weeks
Point ID: 09
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing: 0.0 Latitude:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24 Days per week: 7
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury: 25 March through May: 25
June through August: 25 September through November:
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Longitude:
per year: 52
25
Flowrate:
Boiler Capacity:
Point Level Comment:
Space Heat
Exit Velocity:
Percentage: 0.0
0.0
Points with
Plume
Carmen
Rise:
Stack:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 497 Estimation Method:
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
A-126
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-14
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCO Number: 4-04-001-02 SCC Sequence Hunter: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 2379 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.3 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
GASOLINE-RVP 10 67K BBL-BREATHING
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE CSGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated cy: GOR on 07/30/39
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor; 23.SCO
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 4507 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-08 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS GASOLINE-RVP
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0 Percent Ash:
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 70000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.8 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/39
10 UCRSIMG LOSS
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)7 N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR en
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 13.4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 469 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2570 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-127
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-15
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
POINT INFORMATION
Local Point ID:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
0.0 Latitude:
Days per week: 7
Longitude:
Weeks per year: 52
Point ID: 10
SIC:
UTM Easting: 0.0 UTM Northing:
Operating Schedule - Hours per day: 24
Start time: : Ending time: :
Throughputs - December through Febraury: 25 March through May: 25
June through August: 25 September through November: 25
Stack Parameters - Height: Diameter: 0.0 Temperature: Plume Rise:
Flowrate: Exit Velocity: 0.0 Points with Common Stack:
Boilsr Capacity: Spaca Heat Percentage: 0.0
Point Level Comment:
POINT EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
Measured Emissions: Units: Method of Emissions Measurement:
Estimated Emissions: 497 Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N Compliance Year: Emission Limitation:
Point Emissions Level Comment:
PROCESS INFORMATION
Percent Ash:
SCC Number: 4-04-001-02 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS STORAGE CAPACITY
Actual Annual Process Rate: 2379 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 6.52 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comnent:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30'39
GASOLINE-RVP 10 67K BBL-BREATHING
0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/N)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/S9
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALCULATED USING FEDERAL EMISSION FACTOR Emission Factor: 23.500
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 28 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: 0.58 Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 153 Ibs CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: Ibs
Process Emissions Level Comnent:
A-128
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89
Page 4-16
DETAILED POINT SOURCE LISTING
PROCESS INFORMATION
SCC Number: 4-04-001-08 SCC Sequence Number: 01
SCC Description: BULK TERMINALS FIXED ROOF TANKS
Type of Source: Process Percent Sulfur: 0.0
Confidentiality: Not available for public review
Process Rate Units: 1000 GALLONS THROUGHPUT
Actual Annual Process Rate: 70000 Maximum Design Rate: 0.000
03 Season Daily Process Rate: 191.8 CO Season Max 8-Hour Process Rate:
Process Level Comment:
Last Updated by: GDR on 07/30/89
GASOLINE-RVP 10 WORKING LOSS
Percent Ash: 0.0 Heat Content:
PROCESS EMISSIONS INFORMATION
Pollutant: VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Primary Control Device: HO EQUIPMENT
Secondary Control Device: NO EQUIPMENT
Control Device Efficiency: 0.0 X
SIP Regulation in Place (Y/H)? N
Compliance Year:
Last Updated by: GDR :n 07/30/39
Emission Limitation:
Estimation Method: CALC USING SPECIAL EMISSION FACTOR OTHER THAN SCC Emission Factor: 13.4
Annual Nonbanked Emissions: 469 tons per year Annual Banked Emissions: 0 tons per year
Seasonal Adjustment Factor: Rule Effectiveness: N/A
03 Season Daily Emissions: 2570 IDS CO Season Max 8-Hour Emissions: IDS
Process Emissions Level Comment:
A-129
-------
A-130
-------
County D
JR's Laundry and Car Wash
873 Juniper Way
Misenville, USA
General Facility Information:
JR's Laundry and Car Wash is located in County D, employs 23 people, and
reported cleaning 500 tons of clothes and 800 cars during 1987. The company
purchased 125,000 pounds of perchloroethylene in 1987. Assuming that all
perch!oroethylene was lost through evaporation, the emissions are 43,000
pounds per year. The company reported that cleaning activity stayed
essentially constant throughout the year. The cleaning service operated 6
days per week, 52 weeks per year in 1987. Since this source category is
unregulated, no rule effectiveness factor needs to be applied.
Calculations:
(43,000 lb/yr)/(6 days/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 138 Ib VOC/03 day
A-131
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 9-1
SHALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: JR'S LAUNDRY AND CAR WASH Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: DADE CO
NEDS Plant ID: 06fi6
Street Address: 873 JUNIPER WAY City: MISENVILLE, USA . Zip Code: 444U-4444
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Number of Employees: 23
Activity Level (Per Day): 142 LBS OF PERC
Emission Factor: 1 LB VOC/LB OF PERC
VOC Emissions: 138(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Comment: UNIFORMED ACTIVITY; 312 DAYS PER YEAR
co
ro
-------
County D
Klutz Cleaning Service
5629 Paper Birch Parkway
Hamlin, USA
General Facility Information:
Klutz Cleaning Service is located in County D, employs 8 people and
reported cleaning 49 tons of clothing in 1987. The company purchased 20,000
pounds of perchloroethylene in 1987. Assuming that all perchlorqethylene was
lost through evaporation, the emissions are 20,000 pounds VOC per year.
Cleaning activity remained constant throughout the year (6 day per week, 52
weeks per year). Since this source category is unregulated, no rule
effectiveness factor needs to be applied.
Calculations:
(20,000 Ib VOC/yr)/(6 days/wk x 52 wks/yr) = 64 Ib VOC/03 day
A-133
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 11-1
SMALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: KLUTZ CLEANING SERVICE Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: DAOE CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0755
Street Address: 5629 PAPER BIRCH PARKUAY City: HAMLIN, USA Zip Code: 44444-4444
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Number of Employees: 8
Activity Level (Per Day): 64 LBS OF PERC
Emission Factor: 1 LB OF VOC/LB OF PERC
VOC Emissions: 64(pounds per day)
Small Plant Level Contnent: UNIFORM ACTIVITY; 312 DAYS A YEAR
l
*-•
Co
-------
County D
Bob's Cleaners & Used Clothes
783 Butternut Trail
Petersburg, USA
General Facility Information:
Bob's Cleaners is a dry cleaning facility and used clothing store
located in County D. The company was identified through review of business
listing in the yellow pages. The company did not respond to the survey
questionnaire. Follow-up telephone calls revealed that the cc--:r.y d:c r.:t
maintain any records for the year 1987. The manager did, however, reveal that
the cleaners employed 7 people in 1987, and operated 6 days per week, 52 v,eeks
per year.
Calculations:
Since no company-specific data were available, emissions for the .1987
base year were estimated using an employee-based emission factor derived
from survey responses from other dry cleaners in the MSA.
Since this source category is unregulated, no rule effectiveness factor
needs to be applied.
The following information was used to develop the emission factor:
Company
Jiffy Cleaner
JR's Laundry & Car Wash
Same Day Cleaners
Klutz Cleaning Service
People's Cleaners
County
C
D
A
D
C
No of
Employees
35
23
5
8
7
Ib VOC per
Ozone-day
482
400
77
64
74
AVERAGE:
Ib VOC per
Emoloyee-day
13.3
17.4
15.4
8.0
10.6
13.0
13.0 Ib VOC/emp day x 7 emp = 91 lb/03 day
A-135
-------
Report Date: 07/31/89 SMALL POINT SOURCE LISTING Page 2-1
SHALL PLANT INFORMATION
Plant Name: BOB'S CLEANERS & USED CLOTHES Last Updated by: GOR on 07/31/89
State: GEORGIA County: DAOE CO
NEDS Plant ID: 0892
Street Address: 783 BUTTERNUT TRAIL City: PETERSBURG, USA Zip Code: 44444-3333
SIC Codes: 7216
Source Category: Dry Cleaning - Perchloroethylene
Number of Employees: 7
Activity Level (Per Day): 7 EMPLOYEES
Emission Factor: 13.0 IBS/EMPLOYEE
VOC Emissions: 91(pounds per day)
3> Small Plant Level Garment: EF BASED ON SURVEY DATA;UNIFORM ACTIVITY 312 DAYS
I
i-*
Co
-------
APPENDIX -A.5 25-MILE BOUNDARY POINT SOURCES
• Static Power and Light Company
A-137
-------
A-138
-------
County EE
Static Power and Light
41 Sweetgum Hwy
Smithfield, USA
General Facility Information:
Static Power and Light in County E has four coal-fired boilers that act
as peaking units. Stack tests performed in August 1987 provided an emission
estimate for NOX of 617.7 Ib/hr. Coal consumption at the time of tha stack
test was 16 tons per hour per unit. This facility is not subject to
regulations and therefore no rule effectiveness factor is applied.
Calculations:
VOC emissions based on emission factor derived from stack test at
Friendly Power Co. in County B. (0.133 Ib VOC/ton of coal).
*16 tons coal/hr x (0.133 Ib VOC/ton coal) = 2.1 Ib VOC/hr
The company reported that between 6 a.m. and 12 p.m. (midnight) during
the summer months, the units operated at 80% generating capacity. No
power generation occurs from 12 p.m. to 6 a.m. The seasonal power
generation is: summer 30%, fall 20%, winter 30%, spring 20%. Estimates
for 1987 are based on these values and on the assumption that the
results from the test represents weekday rates.
*NOX: 617.7 Ib/hr x 18 hr/day = 11,118.6 lb/03 day
*VOC: 2.1 Ib/hr x 18 hr/day = 37.8 Ib VOC/03 day
*CO: 5 Ib/ton coal x 16 ton coal/unit hr x 4 units x 18 hr/day
= 5,760 Ib C0/03 day
A-139
-------
A-140
-------
Appendix B
Additional Documentation for the Area Sources Inventory
Section
B.I. Emissions from Gasoline Marketing - Emission Factor Derivation
Procedures for Storage Tank Filling (Table B-l)
B.2. Emissions from Diesel Marketing. - Emission Factor Derivation Procedures
(Table B-2)
B.3. Emissions from Cutback Asphalt Paving - Emission Factor Derivation
Procedure
B.4. Emissions from Roofing Operations Procedures for Fuel Consumption
Estimation and Emission Factor Derivation
B.5. Emissions from Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal
Facilities - Estimation Procedure
B.6. Emissions from Solid Waste Combustion Procedure for Estimating Solid
Waste Consumption
B.7. Emissions from Fuel Combustion - Procedure Estimating Fuel Consumption
in the Industrial Sector
B.8. Emissions 'from Miscellaneous Combustion - Emission Factor Derivation
Procedure
B.9. Emissions from Leaking Underground Storage Tanks Procedures for
Estimating the Number of Remediation Projects and the Emission Factor
Derivation
B.10. Summary of Emissions from Aircraft from Ozoneville International Airport
(Table B-3)
B.ll. Emissions from Marine Vessels Procedure for Use Estimating
B.12. Summary of Emissions from Construction Equipment - County A (Tab B-4.1)
Summary -of Emissions from Construction Equipment - County B (Tab B-4.2)
Summary of Emissions from Construction Equipment County C (Tab B-4.3)
Summary of Emissions from Construction Equipment - County D (Tab B-4.4)
B.13. Summary of Emissions from Agriculture Equipment - County A (Tab B-5.1)
Summary of Emissions from Agriculture Equipment - County B (Tab B-5.2)
Summary of Emissions from Agriculture Equipment - County C (Tab B-5.3)
Summary of Emissions from Agriculture Equipment - County D (Tab B-5.4)
B.14. Summary qf Emissions from Industrial Equipment - County A (Tab B-6.1)
Summary of Emissions from Industrial Equipment - County B (Tab B-6.2)
Summary of Emissions from Industrial Equipment - County C (Tab B-6.3)
Summary of Emissions from Industrial Equipment - County D (Tab B-6.4)
B-l
-------
B.15. Summary of Emissions from Lawn and Garden Equipment - County A
(Table B-7.1)
Summary of Emissions from Lawn and Garden Equipment - County B
(Table B-7.2)
Summary of Emissions from Lawn and Garden Equipment - County C
(Table B-7.3)
Summary of Emissions from Lawn and Garden Equipment - County D
(Table B-7.4)
B.16. Emissions from Railroad Locomotives - Procedure for Estimating Fuel Use
B-2
-------
B.I. Emissions from Gasoline Marketing - Emission Factor Derivation
Procedures for Storage Tank Filling
Storage Tank Filling, No Vapor Recovery
From AP-42 (ref 1): LL = 12.46 SPM
T
Where LL = loading loss, lb/103 gal loaded
S = saturation factor
P = true vapor pressure of liquid loaded, psia
M = molecular weight of vapors, Ib/lb mole
T = temperature of bulk liquid loaded, °R
Let S =1.45 (assumes splash loading; dedicated normal service)
P = 6.6 psia (assumes liquid temperature of 70° F)
M = 66 Ibs/lb mole (assumes liquid temperature of 60° because no
readily available data were identified)
T = (460 + 70) = 530 °R
Therefore LL = 12.46 x 1.45 x 6.6 x 66 = 14.85 lb/103 gal
530
Storage Tank Filling Submerged Filling, No Vapor Recovery
LL = 12.46 SPM
T
Let S = 1.0
P = 6.6 psia
M = 66 Ib/lb mole
T = 530 °R
Then LL = 12.46 x 1 x 6.6 x 66 = 10.24 lb/103 gal
530
REFERENCES:
1. U. S. EPA, OAQPS. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Volume I
Stationary Scurcas. 4;h ad. -P-42. Research Triar.gla Par:<,
September 1985. p.4.4-5.
8-3
-------
B.I. TABLE B-l. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM GASOLINE MARKETING
County
CD
i
SUBTOTAL
B
SUBTOTAL
C
SUBTOTAL
D
SUBTOTAL
TOTAL
Emission Source
Mutt i pi ier
(10x3 gal)
Storage tank breathing and working tosses
Storage tank filling (splash loading, no vapor balance)
Storage tank filling (submerged loading, no vapor recovery)
Vehicle refueling - displacement
Vehicle refueling - spillage
Tank truck transit losses—typical
Storage tank breathing and working tosses
Storage tank fjlljng (splash loading, no
Storage tank filling (submerged loading,
Vehicle refueling - displacement
Vehicle refueling - spillage
Tank truck transit losses- -typical
Storage tank breathing and working losses
Storage tank filling (splash loading, no
Storage tank filling (submerged loading.
Vehicle refueling - displacement
Vehicle refueling - spillage
Tank truck transit losses—typical
Storage tank breathing and working losses
Storage tank filling (splash loading, no
Storage tank filling (submerged loading.
Vehicle refueling - displacement
Vehicle refueling - spillage
Tank truck transit losses—typical
vapor balance)
no vapor recovery)
vapor balance)
no vapor recovery)
vapor balance)
no vapor recovery)
========================
198,108
138 676
59 432
198 108
198 108
198; 108
91,188
63,832
27 356
91 188
91 188
91|188
179,712
125 798
53 914
179 712
179 712
179)712
134,856
94 399
40 457
134 856
134 856
134)856
603,864
VOC Emission
Factor
(Ibs/10x3 gal)
1
14.85
10.24
0.7
0.12
1
14.85
10.24
11
0.7
0.12
14.85
10.24
11
0.7
0.12
14.85
10.24
oil
0.12
26.29
Annual VOC Daily VOC
Emissions Emissions
(tons/yr) (Ibs/day)
99.05
1029.67
ift*:8
69.34
11.89
2603.83
45.59
473.95
140.06
501.53
31.92
5.47
1198.53
89.86
934.05
276.04
988.42
62.90
10.78
2362.04
67.43
700.91
207.14
741.71
47.20
8.09
1772.48
7936.89
529.5
6421.6
J897.7
5824.6
370.7
74.1
15118.17
243.7
2955.8
873.5
2661.0
170.6
34.1
6958.81
480.3
5825.3
1721.5
5283.7
3oH
13714.32
360.4
4371.3
1291.8
3964.9
252.3
50.5
10291.23
46082.53
-------
B.2. Emissions from Diesel Marketing Emission Factor Derivation Procedures
Since no emission factors for diesel emissions have been developed, the
ratio of true vapor pressures, diesel; gasoline, is applied to the gasoline
emission factors to derive diesel emission factors.
Diesel true vapor pressure - 0.1 psia at 125 °F
Gasoline - 6.6 psia at 70 °F
Ratio -0,1= 0.015
6.6
Gasoline Ratio of
Emission Vapor Diesel E.T.-is^icn
Source Factor Pressure Factor
1. Storage tank breathing and 1.0 X .030 = .030 lb/103 gal
working losses
2. Storage tank filling 14.25 X .030 = .4275 lb/103 gal
(splash fill)
3. Storage tank filling 10.24 X .030 = .3072 lb/103 gal
(submerged fill)
4. Vehicle refueling 11.7 X .030 = .351 lb/103 gal
5. Truck transit losses 0.12 X .030 = .0036 lb/103 gal
(typical)
B-5
-------
B.2. TABLE B-2. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM DIESEL MARKETING
County
CO
i
VOC Emission Annual VOC
Emission Source Multiplier Factor Emissions
(10x3 gal) (Ibs/10x3 gal) (tons/yr)
Storage tank breathing and working losses
Storage tank filling (splash loading, no vapor balance)
Storage tank filling (submerged loading, no vapor recovery)
Vehicle refueling - displacement
Vehicle refueling - spillage
Tank truck transit losses— typical
Storage tank breathing and working losses
Storage tank filling (splash loading, no vapor balance)
Storage tank filling (submerged loading, no vapor recovery)
Vehicle refueling - displacement
Vehicle refueling - spillage
Tank truck transit losses — typical
Storage tank breathing and working losses
Storage tank fjlljng (splash loading, no vapor balance)
Storage tank filling (submerged loading, no vapor recovery)
Vehicle refueling - displacement
Vehicle refueling - spillage
Tank truck transit losses— typical
Storage tank breathing and working losses
Storage tank filling (splash loading, no vapor balance)
Storage tank filling (submerged loading, no vapor recovery)
Vehicle refueling - displacement
Vehicle refueling - spillage
Tank truck transit losses — typical
1,734
1 214
520
1,734
1 734
O34
775
543
775
775
1,623
1 136
487
1,623
1 623
1|623
1,157
810
347
1,157
1|157
5,289
0.015
0.223
0.154
0.165
0.010
0.002
0.015
0.223
0.154
0.165
0.010
0.002
0.015
0.223
0.154
0.165
0.010
0.002
0.015
0.223
0.154
0.165
0.010
0.002
0.394
0.013
0.135
0.040
0.002
0.342
0.006
0.060
0.018
0.064
0.004
0.001
0.153
0.012
Oil34
0.009
0.001
0.320
0.009
0.090
0.027
0.095
0.006
0.001
0.228
1.043
Oajly. VOC
Emissions
(Ibs/day)
0.07
0.84
0.25
0.01
1.985
0.03
0.38
0.11
0.34
0.02
0.00
0.887
0.07
8:3
0.72
0.05
0.01
1.858
8:|
0.03
0.01
1.324
6.054
SUBTOTAL
B
SUBTOTAL
C
SUBTOTAL
D
SUBTOTAL
TOTAL
-------
B.3. Emissions from Cutback Asphalt Paving - Emission
Factor Derivation Procedure
Cutback asphalt consumption in the State 1987 = 8800.7 metric tons (including
solvent content)(ref 1).
The following assumptions were made in order to develop an emission factor:
Medium cure with solvent content = 35% by volume (ref 2)
Solvent is kerosene, specific gravity = 0.80 (ref 3)
Asphalt cament spscific gravity = 1.00 (ref 3)
70% of solvent evaporates (ref 2)
100% solvent that evaporates is reactive
Volume occupied by 8800.7 tons = weight cutback asphalt x average specific
gravity of cutback asphalt
At 65% asphalt cement, 35% solvent, average specific gravity =
(0.65 x 1.00) + (0.35 x 0.80) = 0.93
Therefore, volume used in 1987 = 8800.7 tons x 1Q6 liters x 1iter
0.93 g/ml ton 103 ml
= 9.46 x 106 liter
At 35% solvent solvent content = 0.35 x (9.46 x 106 liters;
= 3.31 x 10° liters
At 70% evaporation emissions = 0.7 x (3.31 x 109ml) x 0.80 g/ml
= 1.85 x 103 Mg
= 2.04 x 103 tons
The emission factor is: 2.04 x 103 tons VOC
8800.7 tons cutback asphalt used
= 0.23 tons VOC/ton cutback asphalt used
B-7
-------
REFERENCES
1. Asphalt Usage 1987 - United States and Canada. 1987 Survey. Asphalt Institute,
College Park, MD, April 1988, p.3.
2. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and
Standards, Technical Support Division, Monitoring and Reports Branch. Procedures
for the Preparation of Emissions Inventories for Precursors of Ozone: Volume I.
3rd ed. EPA-450/4-88-021. December 1988. p. 4-24.
3. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force, to the Asphalt Institute. Information on
Cutback Asphalt Use and Properties. November 1988.
4. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to the State Dept. of Transportation. Number
of Miles of Paved Highways in the Four County Area. November 1988.
B-8
-------
B.4. Emissions from Roofing Operations - Procedures for Fuel
Consumption Estimation and Emission Factor Derivation
According to the EPA Procedures Document (p. 4-25), emissions primarily result
from fuel used to heat the asphalt. From national asphalt use figures, the State
uses 121.680 metric tonsfref 1).
Assuming roofing activity is proportional to the number of households, the ratio
of county:State can be used to estimate asphalt consumption in each county.
County A:
County B:
County C:
County D:
154,355 households in the County =
2,390,000 households in the State
79.868
2,390,000
133,932
2,390,000
120,915
0.065
0.033
0.056
0.051
2,390,000
Therefore, county consumption is:
County A: 121,680 metric tons x 0.065
County B: 121,680 metric tons x 0.033
County C: 121,680 metric tons x 0.056
County D: 121,680 metric tons x 0.051
7909.2
4015.4
6814.1
= 6205.7
total 24,944.4 tons
Information provided by a local contractor indicates that average asphalt contsn-
per square (100 ft2) is 218 Ibs (ref 2); therefore the counties use:
County A: 7909.2 tons x 2000 Ibs/ton x square/218 Ibs =
County B: 4015.4 x (9.17)
County C: 6814.1 x (9.17)
<*
County D: 6205.17 x (9.17)
72,527 squares
36,821
62,485
56,906
228,739 squares
B-9
-------
Information provided by a second local contractor indicates that the built-up
membrane system is used 90% of the time, the torch-aoolied modified bitumen
membrane system. 10% of the time in the area (ref 3). Therefore, on a county basis
the numbers of squares laid by the two systems are as follows:
County A:
County B:
County C:
County D:
Built-up
72,527 x 0.9 = 65274 sq
36,821 x 0.9 = 33139 sq
62,485 x 0.9 = 56237 sq
56,906 x 0.9 = 51215 SQ
205865 sq
Torch-applied
72,527 x 0.1 = 7253 sq
36,821 x 0.1 = 3682 sq
62,485 x 0.1 = 6249 sq
56,906 x 0.1 = 5691 SQ
22875 sq
According to the National Roofing Contractors' Association, 75% of bui1t-MO
membrane systems use LPG as heating fuel; 75% use kerosene. Furthermore, 2.4 Ibs
LPG/square and 0.5 gallons kerosene/square are consumed, respectively (ref 4). Fue"
consumption for built-up membrane system is:
County LPG(lbs)
A 65274 x 0.75 x 2.4 = 117,493
B 33139 x 0.75 x 2.4 = 59,650
56237 x 0.75 x 2.4 = 101,227
C
D
51215 x 0.75 x 2.4 = 38,409
316,779 Ibs
kerosene (gals)
65274 x 0.25 x 0.5 = 8159
33139 x 0.25 x 0.5 = 4142
56237 x 0.25 x 0.5 = 7030
51215 x 0.25 x 0.5 = 6402
25,733 gals
Assuming LPG density equals that of propane, 4.25 Ibs/gal, weight LPG is
converted to volume (ref 5). The National Roofing Contractors' Association also
supplied data on fuel use with torch-applied systems. Typically, propane is used as
the heating fuel with 0.8 gallons propane required per square (ref 4). Propane
consumption by county is:
County A:
County B:
County C:
County D:
7253 x 0.8
3682 x 0.8
6249 x 0.8
5691 x 0.8
5802 gals propane
2946 gals propane
4999 gals propane
^
4553 gals propane
18,300 gals propane
Both the National Roofing Contractors' Association and local contractors
indicated that asphalt membranes are used 50-60% of the time, single-ply
B-10
-------
rubber membranes 40-50% of the time (refs 2,3,4). Assuming 55% asphalt, 45% rubber,
the number of squares of rubber membranes laid can be estimated:
County A: 72.527 x 45 = 59,340 squares
55
County B: 36,821 x 45 = 30,126
55
County C: 62,485 x 45 = 51,124
55
County D: 56,906 x 45 = 46,559
55 187,149 squares
One local contractor reported information on the different systems of sine!9-0! •'
rubber membrane application. The systems differ in their use of sol vent-containir.c
materials on which he was also able to provide average numbers (ref 2).
Ballasted systems are used 50% of the time and require 0.05 gallons sealant and
adhesive per square.
Adhered systems are used 35% of the time and require 0.6 gallons sealant and
adhesive per square.
Mechanical systems are used 15% of the time and require 0.1 gallons sealant and
adhesive per square.
According to a local contractor, 70% of the adhesive/sealant is solvent; average
density is 7.0 Ibs/gallon (ref 2). All the solvent is assumed to volatilise.
Gallons of solvent-containing materials used is:
County A:
Ballasted = [59,340 so x 0.5 x 0.05 gals/sq] = 1484
Adhered = [59,340 sq x 0.35 x 0.6 gals/sq] = 12461
Mechanical = [59,340 sq x 0.15 x 0.1 gals/sq] = 890
14840 gals
Similar calculations for the other counties:
County B: 7-53 + 6326 + 452 = 7531
County C: 1278 + 10736 + 767 = 12781
County D: 1164 + 9777 + 698 = 11639
total 46791 gals (four county total)
The emission factor is calculated as follows:
46.791 gals used x 70% solvent x 7 Ibs/gal = 5236 l_bs
46.791 x 10' gals used lirgals
B-ll
-------
REFERENCES
1. Asphalt Institute. Asphalt Use 1987 - United States and Canada, 1987 Survey.
College Park, Maryland. April 1988. p.3.
2. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to Delta Roofing Co. Industry Practices in
the Ozoneville MSA. February 1989.
3. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to Lang Roofing and Waterproofing Co.
Industry Practices in the Ozoneville MSA. February 1989.
4. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to National Roofing Contractors Association,
Roofing Industry Practices. February 1989.
B-12
-------
B.5. Emissions from Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facilities
Estimation Procedure
One solvent reclamation facility is reported by the Department of Environmental
Regulation to be in operation in the county (ref 1). Using facility- specific data
and an assumption about the solvent recovery efficiency, an estimate of emissions
can be "derived.
In 1987, the company processed 1300 tons solvent, 60-65% of which were volatile
organic compounds. Assuming 80% recovery efficiency, the remaining 20% that is
routed to a control device is:
1300 x 0.65 x 0.2 = 169.00 tons/yr
The control device, a carbon adsorber designed to remove 95% of VOC, removes ?C:,,
of the VOC according to stack test data; the remainder is released to the
atmosphere. A rule effectiveness factor of 80% is required in the absence of better
documentation, however.
Therefore, estimated emissions are:
169.00 tons/yr x (1 - (0.9 x 0.8)) = 47.32 tons/yr
REFERENCES
1. Correspondence from the Dept. of Environmental Regulation to the Ozoneville SIP
task force. Waste Management Practices in the Four-County Area. October 1988.
B-13
-------
B-14
-------
B.6. Emissions from Solid Waste Combustion - Procedure
for Estimating Solid Waste Consumption
County A
Two types of combustion:
industrial incineration
open burning
For industrial incineration, tons of solid waste burned is estimated from a
factor provided by the EPA Procedures Document (p. 4-34):
395 tons/1000 mfg employees/year
From Census Bureau data, County A has 68,617 employees in manufacturing,
therefore tons of solid waste burned is:
395 tons X
1000 mfg
employees
68.617
103 mfg employees
27,104 tons
For open burning, tons of solid waste burned is estimated from a factor also
provided by the EPA Procedures Document (p. 4-34):
Residential = 450 tons/1000 rural popul/yr
Commercial/institution = 24 tons/1000 rural popul/yr
Industrial = 160 tons/1000 mfg employees/yr
Rural population is about 70% of the County population (ref 1); therefore, tons
sol id waste burned is:
Residential = 450 tons
1000 rural
popul
Commercial/ = 24 tons
institutional 1000 rural
popul
X 285 x 103 rural oooul
X 285 x 103 rural popul
Industrial = 160 tons
1000 mfg
employees
X 68.617 x 103 mfg
employees
123,250
6,840
10,979
146,069 tons
B-15
-------
County C
One type of combustion: open burning by the industrial sector
The factor to estimate tons of solid waste burned by this method is:
160 tons/1000 mfg employees/yr
From Census Bureau data, County C has 36,185 employees in manufacturing;
therefore, tons of solid waste burned is:
160 tons X 36.185 x 103 mfg employees = 5790 tons
1000 mfg
employees
REFERENCES
1. Teiecon. Ozoneviile SIP task force to the Ozoneville Regional Planning
Commission. Rural Population in County A in 1987. October 1988.
B-16
-------
B.7. Emissions from Fuel Combustion - Procedure for Estimating
Fuel Consumption in the Industrial Sector
From the 1985 NEDS Fuel Summary Report (ref 1), State fuel consumption by
industrial area sources was as follows:
coal 648,020 tons
distillate oil 56,770 103 gals
residual oil 10,120 103 gals
Natural gas use data were provided by the local gas company by county for the ba.
year, 1987, and are presented in the text.
To apportion State fuel use for industrial area sources to the county level, •
ratio of county employment to State amployment was calculated:
County A: 224,534/2,219,878 = 0.101
County B: 82,835/2,219,878 = 0.037
County C: 137,194/2,219,878 = 0.062
County D: 115,184/2,219,878 = 0.052
and applied to the NEDS data:
Fuel types: Coal Distillate oil Residual oil
County A: 65450 tons 5734 x 103 gals 1022 x 103 gals
County B: 23977 tons 2100 x 103 gals 374 x 103 gals
County C: 40177 tons 3520 x 103 gals 627 x 103 gals
County D: 33697 tons 2952 x 103 gals 526 x 103 gals
Updating the 1985 fuel data to the base year, 1987, was achieved by applying
average annual employment growth for the four counties (1985-1987); 4.2 percen:
(ref 2). The following equation was used with the 1985 data to calculate 1987 us
shown in the text.
X1987 = X1985(1 + 0.042)2 where X is fuel use
REFERENCES:
1. U. S. EPA. 1985 NEDS Annual Fuel Summary Report. Requested by the Ozoneville
SIP task force. October 1988.
2. Qzonevi'ile Regional Planning Commission.
A Synoptic Report. February 1985.
B-17
-------
B-io
-------
B.8. Emissions from Miscellaneous Combustion - Emission
Factor Derivation Procedure
These calculation sheets include the following:
1. Forest fires
2. Structure fires
3. Grass fires
4. Trash fires
5. Vehicle fires
A. Forest Fires/Grass Fires
Since the number of forest fires is not recorded separate from gra:s f:res,
average fuel loading factors and emission factors were used. From AP-42, Sections
2.4 (Open Burning) and 11.1 (Forest Wildfires):
Fuel Loading Factor
woods, unspecified: 3.2 tons/acre
Southern region forests: 9 tons/acre
average: 6.1 tons/acre
Furthermore, Section 11.1 of AP-42 does not list non-methane VOC emissions data.
Therefore, an average emission factor is calculated for each pollutant from the
Section 2.4.
VOC NOx CO
weeds, unspecified: 9 Ibs/ton — 85 Ibs/ton
Ponderosa pine residue: 11 Ibs/ton 4 Ibs/ton 195 Ibs/ton
average: 10 Ibs/ton 4 Ibs/ton 190 Ibs/ton
One additional assumption made: 0.5 acres is burned per fire.
Emission factors, therefore, are:
VOC - 6.1 tons burned x 0.5 acres x 10 Ibs VOC emitted = 30.5 Ibs VOC
fire fire ton grass burned fire
NOX - 6.1 x 0.5 x 4 = 12.2 Ibs NO..
— f~-—"
fire
CO - 6.1 x 0.5 x 190 = 579.5 Ibs CO
fire
B-19
-------
B. Structural Fires
The following assumptions are made in calculating emission factors:
15,000 board ft/structure
0.0833 ftVboard feet3
0.02 tons of board/ft3
27% of structure is burned*
boards are ponderosa pine
AP-42 emission factors for open burning of ponderosa pine (section 2.4) are:
11 Ibs VOC emitted/ton board burned
4 Ibs NOX emitted/ton board burned
195 Ibs CO emitted/ton board burned
Emission factors, therefore, are:
VOC - 15,000 board ft x 0.0833 fti x 0.02 tons board x 27 x 11 Ibs VOC
structure board ft fP100 ton board
= 74.22 Ibs VOC
structure
NQX - 15,000 x 0.0833 x 0.02 x 2Z x 4 = 26.99 Ibs NO,,
100 structure
CO 15,000 x 0.0833 x 0.02 x 27 x 195 = 1315.72 Ibs CO
100 structure
C. Trash fires
Two assumptions are made in order to calculate emission factors:
trash is primarily municipal refuse or is similar in composition
0.125 tons trash burned/trash fire
Using these assumptions AP-42 emission factors for open burning of municipal
refuse (section 2.4) may be applied:
30- Ibs VOC emitted/ton trash burned
6 Ibs NOX emitted/ton trash burned
85 Ibs CO emitted/ton trash burned
Emission factors, therefore, are:
VOC - 0.125 tons trash burned x 30 Ibs VOC emitted = 3.75 Ibs VOC
trash fire ton trash burned trash fire
NQX - 0.125 x 6 = 0.75 Ibs NO^trash fire
CO - 0.125 x 85 = 74.38 Ibs CO/trash fire
* Calculated from estimate of 6.8 tons material burned per fire (ref 1)
B-20
-------
D. Vehicle Fires
Assuming that 0.075 tons material is burned per vehicle fire, AP-42 emission
factors for open burning of automotive components (section 2.4) can be used to
develop emission factors for vehicle fires. The AP-42 emission factors are:
32 Ibs VOC emitted/ton material burned
4 Ibs NOX emitted/ton material burned
125 Ibs CO emitted/ton material burned
Emission factors, therefore, are:
VOC - 0.075 tons material burned x 32 Ibs VOC emitted = 2.4 Ibs VOC
vehicle fire ton material burned vehicle f
NOX - 0.075 x 4 = 0.3 Ibs NO^vehicle fire
CO - 0.075 x 125 = 9.38 Ibs CO/vehicle fire
REFERENCES
1. U. S. EPA, OAQPS, Monitoring and Reports Branch. Procedures for the Preparation
of Emission Inventories for Precursors of Ozone: Volume I. 3rd ed. Final Draft.
EPA-450/4-SS-021. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. December 1983. p.-i-
41.
B-21
-------
B-22
-------
B.9. Emissions from Leaking Underground Storage Tanks
Procedures for Estimating the Number of
Remediation Projects and the Emission Factor Derivation
Per references 1 and 2, the following assumptions were made:
70% of tanks in the State leak
10% of these are involved in remedial activity/yr
tank population in County A = 4,200
County B = 3,500
County C = 3,900
County D = 4,300
From this, the number of leaking tanks:
County A = 840
County B = 700
County C = 780
County 0 = 860
and the number that are being remediated is:
County A = 84
County B = 70
County C = 78
County D = 86
Again from reference 1, preliminary estimates of emissions from three remediation
technologies are as follows:
1. Soil aeration:
For 100 cubic yds, saturated with gasoline, max. emission = 300 Ibs VOC/hr
which rapidly decreases to 20 Ibs VOC/hr and is almost completely
volatilized in the period of a week.
2. Vacuum extraction:
Max. from saturated soils = 100 Ibs VOC/hr decreasing to 10 Ibs VOC/hr.
Levels decrease to negligible amount over the period of a few months.
3. Air Stripping:
Generally VOC emissions are relatively low, much less than 5 Ibs VOC/hr
which decreases with time. Projects can continue in the range of a year.
Because of the lack of information about the types of remediation taking place, a
value must be selected from the range to represent emissions from remediation in
general.
B-23
-------
Level of Contamination Range of Emissions Pro.iect Duration
1. saturated 300 Ibs/hr -> 20 Ibs/hr 1 wk
2. saturated 100 Ibs/hr -> 10 Ibs/hr 2-3 months
3. saturated « 5 Ibs/hr 1 yr
Setting the emission rate at 5 Ibs/hr, project duration of 1 month, the average
emissions per project:
5 Ibs x 24 hrs x 3'0 davs x 1 month = 3600 Ibs
hr day month project project
=1.8 tons/project
REFERENCES
1. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force, with the EPA Office of Underground Storage
Tanks. Emissions from Leak Cleanup Activities. April 1988.
2. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force, with the State Dept. of Natural .Resources.
Grc'-rcvictar Section. ,:cpul airlon of registered tanKS in the Ozoneville U.S.A.
February 1988.
B-24
-------
B.10. TABLE B-3.
SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM AIRCRAFT FROM OZOIIEV1LLE
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
CD
I
ro
en
NO. OF LANDING/
IAKEOFFS:
PERCENT OF 6/06-5/07
TYPE OF AIRCRAFT OP t RAT 1 QMS (Not* A)
(KEF 1) (REF 2)
COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT: (Not* B)
Boeing 727-200
Boeing 727 (Not* C)
Boeing 717-200/200
Boeing 727-100 (MoU 0)
HD OC9-10 1 20 (Nott E)
Short 110 (Note F)
Short 560 (Note F)
BA JetatreM 31 (Note F)
BAC HI
Beechcreft 99
Fokker-VFU F20
MO DC9-10,40,50 1 80 (NoK E)
MO OW 50
D»h-7 (Note F)
Oash-0 (Note F)
rout
GENERAL AVIATION
MILITARY
NOTE A Roundoff error causes total
10.97
2.46
Jl.&o
10.06
0.75
2.42
0.53
9.52
1.4
3.20
6.16
2.83
0.78
2.59
0.37
100.01
NA
NA
to be higher than
NOTE fi Air taxi and air carrier operation* by alrcru
NOTE C Assumed to be the -.UJIM: as a
HOIf 0 Assimed to be the MIIIK? ns n
udlt f Assured to be the •. .m-- 01 a
NOIE F Assumed to be the i.mic oi >
BoelDa 727-200.
lliil'IIUJ 7W >!),)
HcDonnel I Do**ylu:i
Bceiluiaft 99.
50H2
6502
04214
26591
2062
6397
17260
25164
1701
8670
16202
7400
2062
6046
970
264444
104116
4051
the reported
ft type based
DC9-50.
* "EHI SSIOH
CO
(REF 4,5)
55.95
55.95
17.3
17.1
17. J
7.16
7.16
7.16
101.16
7.16
67.46
17.1
17.1
7.16
7.16
36.62
10.0
40.0
264444 value
on reference
FACTORS (LB/LTO)-*
VOC NOX
(REF 4,5) (REF 4,5)
11.44
11. U
0.96
0.96
0.96
5.00
5.00
5.00
72.42
J.OO
10.66
0.96
0.96
5.00
5.00
11.10
0.41
27.1
for commercial
1.
29.64
29.64
19.76
19.76
19.76
0.02
0.02
0.02
15.04
0.02
26.93
19.76
19.76
0.02
0.02
17.57
0.020
9.16
aircraft.
CO VOC NOX
(1V47) (1907) (1987)
1402.73
181.90
mu.so
4vi.92
J9.45
22.90
61.79
VJ.09
WI.24
11.04
549.20
U9.51
38.45
24. 51
3.50
4IU4.61
9/8.69
9o.84
59<^.14
316.96
43.70
377.20
119.11
9.24
16.25
43.04
63.92
134.00
22.02
249.61
11.51
9.24
17.39
2.40
1479.56
21.34
54.09
1555.79
WJ.11
96.17
032.03
262.72
20.17
2.62
7.00
10.12
27.83
3.55
219.24
73.91
20.17
2.01
0.40
2121.14
1.4«
18.55
2141. IS
References:
1. Official Airt ute Gunk-: Mor ih Amer ican tdi t ion. Di*i and Brads t reel Corp. ,
Oakbruok, II. c. Hoy 1V5/.
2. FAA Air IrtiMiL Activity. Dcittitx-'f IVUf.
3. 0/oocville RtjKrfial Plor-.iiry Comnibi i on. Enf>loyment and Household Projet i iw»
February WUj p 16.
. M. S. EPA. fi ..
Mobile Sount-
Sept. uixji Will
Inii^sioti Itwcniory Prepttrat loo. Volune IV:
, HI 0<>c*i ki'-.run h Triangle Park. HC.
U. S. HM, ^>- -".. i <..,.i lul i,. M of AH r'.illutani t mission f at I o( s , Vul . II:
Hohilo Sdt'ii '.tli cJ A I1 ./ f'i-:,i-,i. i h liitingU- f'ui k , HC .
IH> II 1 U i i 1 I'.
-------
3-26
-------
B.ll. Emissions from Marine Vessels - Procedure for Estimating Fuel Use
Assuming: 10 hrs/boat/month
8 months of boat use
Then, annual boat use = 80 hrs/boat/month
Hourly fuel use is as follows:
Outboard
Inboard
1.5 gal/hr
3.0 gal/hr (ref 1)
Fuel use per boat, therefore, is:
Outboard
Inboard
1.5 gal/hr X
3.0 gal/hr X
80 hr/boat
80 hr/boat
120 gal/boat
240 gal/boat
The State Wildlife Commission provided data on the total numbers of boats
registered in the State (ref 2). They indicated that approximately 97% are
outboard, 3% inboard. Using the water surface area approach described in the
procedures document, the number of boats in the MSA is estimated at 52,521. Using
the estimated split between outboard and inboard motors 97%/3% gives the following:
l.,421 boats with inboard engines
51,100 boats with outboard engines
Annual fuel use is:
Outboard = 51,100 boats x 12 gal
boat yr
Inboard = 1,421 boats x 240 gal
boat yr
6,132,000 gal
year
341.040 gal
year
REFERENCES
1. U. S. EPA, OAQPS. Procedures for the Preparation of Emission Inventories for
Precursors of Ozone. Volume 1. 3rd. ed. Revised Draft Report. Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina. August 1988.
2. Telecon. Ozoneville SIP task force to the State Wildlife Commission.
Marine Vessels Registered in the Four Counties. October 1988.
Number of
B-27
-------
B.12. TABLE B-4.1. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT - COUNTY A
CO
rvj
00
EQUIPMENT TYPE
IKACKLAYING TRACTOR
IRACKIAYING LOADER
MOTOR GRADER
OFF-HIGHVUY TRUCK
UllFELED LOADER
UIIE
WIE
LEO L
IE6 1
LED 1
:(XLER
OR
TOR
wri|?p.p02ER (NOTE C)
HISCELLAMEOUS
MISCELLANEOUS
FUEL
UPE
ESEL
ESEL
SEl
if
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
PERCENT
EQUIP ESTIMATED
IIP
(REF 1
X ANNUAL
INDUSTRY GROWTH
twuir &ai in*leu * nnnunL
FU!LGTYPE V*tlfcW """tfMS"1
(N&h A> (REF 1,2) (REF S)
ESIIMATED
NO. EMPLOYEES
-'* SIC 'AS
U-?REF I
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN SIC 16
CO. - 1»85
(REF 5)
KAIIO OF
[HPLOtEtS IN
SIC 16. CO:US
COUNTS .a A._
COUN1Y (19*7)
(NOTE 8)
2S90B
ANNUAL HOURS TOTAL HOURS
OF OPERATION Of OPERATION
PER UNI BY UNIT TYPE
1,
ft
-------
B.12. TABLE B-4.1 (Continued)
CD
ro
vc
EQUIPMENT TYPE
TRACKLAYING TRACTOR
TRACKLAYING LOADER
MOTOR GRADER
MOTOR GRADER
SCRAPER
OFF-HIGHWAY IRUCK
WHEELED LOADER
WHEELED LOADER
WHEELED IRACIOR
WHEELED IRACIOR
ROLLER
ROLLER
WHEELED DOZER (NOTE C)
MISCELLANEOUS
MISCELLANEOUS
FUEL
TYPE
DIESEL
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
TOTAL HOURS
OF OPERATION
BY UNIT TYPE
4,537,580
2,075,200
1,596,348
131,872
1,184,575
- 912,561
2,345,722
1,005.309
6,001.396
1,092,453
407,982
916,636
118,457
1,645,243
548.414
24.5T977OT
VOC EMISSION
FACTOR
(G/HR OPERA!)
(REF 6,7)
55.06
44.55
18.07
251.1
128.15
86.84
111.17
118.9
85.26
227.5
30.58
360.7
69.35
330.1
NOX EMISSION
FACTOR
(G/HR OPERA!)
(REF 6)
570
375.22
324.41
145
1740.74
1889.16
858.19
215
575.84
195
192.9
164
767.3
187
CO EMISSION
FACTOR
(G/HR OPERAT)
(REF 6)
157.01
91.15
68.46
5490
568.19
816.81
259.58
7060
1622.77
4320
137.97
6060
306.37
7720
ANNUAL VOC
EMISSIONS
(TOMS/YR)
275.46
101.93
31.80
36.80
167.37
87.37
292.69
353.47
564. 14
274.02
13.76
364.53
125.80
199.59
JTfcaOr
ANNUAL NOX
EMISSIONS
(!ONS/VR)
2,851.62
858.50
571.01
21.08
2,273.47
1.900.74
2.219.49
260.47
3.810.19
234.87
176.73
165 . 74
1,391.84
113.07
1i.B4B.B2
ANNUAL CO
EMISSIONS
(TONS/VR)
785.50
208.55
120.49
798.21
742.08
821.82
671.34
7.825.23
10,717.47
5, 203. 30
62.06
6,144.59
555.74
4.667.87
19,344.24
-------
B.12. TABLE B-4.2. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT - COUNTY B
CO
oo
EQUIPMENT TYPE
1RACKLAVING TRACTOR
TRACKLAYING LOADER
MOTOR GRADER
HOTOR GRADER
SCRAPER
OFF- HIGHWAY TRUCK
WHEELED LOADER
WHEELED LOADER
WHEELED TRACTOR
WHEELED TRACTOR
ROLLER
ROLLER
WHEELED DOZER (NOTE C)
MISCELLANEOUS
MISCELLANEOUS
ruEL
TYPE
DIESEL
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
GA SOll ME
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
PERCENT
EQUIP
USING EA
FUEL TYPE
(NOTE A)
(REF 1)
100
100
92
7.6
100
100
70
30
84.6
15.4
30. B
69.2
100
75
25
ESTIMATED
EQUIP COUM1S
U.S. - 1975
(REF 1,2)
197,000
84,000
87,676
7,20
27,000
20. BOO
93.800
40,200
369,702
67.298
25.133
56,467
2,700
75,000
25,000
X ANNUAL
INDUSTRY GROUT H
1976-1985
(REF 3)
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.02
ESTIMATED
EQUIP COUNTS
U.S. • 1987
197,079
66,034
87,711
7,246
27.011
20,808
93,838
40,216
369.850
67.325
25.143
56.490
2.701
75,030
25.010
1,181,491
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN SIC 16
U.S. - 1985
(REF 4)
691,223
691.22)
691.223
691,223
691,223
691,223
691,223
691,223
691,223
691,223
691,223
691,223
691,223
691.223
691.223
NO. EMPLOYEES
IM SIC 16
CO. - 1985
(REF 5)
3,856
3,856
3,856
3,856
3,856
3,856
3,856
3,856
3,856
3,856
3,856
3,856
3.856
3.856
3,856
RA1IO OF
EMPLOYEES IN
SIC 16. CO: US
0.0056
0.0056
0.0056
0.0056
0.0056
0.0056
0.0056
0.0056
0.0056
0.0056
0.0056
O.OOS6
0.0056
0.0056
0.0056
ESTIM EQUIPMENT
COUNTS IN THE
COUNTY (1987)
(NOTE B)
1.099
480
489
40
151
116
523
224
2.063
376
140
315
15
419
140
6591
ANNUAL HOURS
OF OPERATION
PER UNIT
(REF 6)
1050
1100
830
830
2000
2000
1140
1140
740
740
740
740
2000
1000
1000
TOTAL HOURS
OF OPERATION
BY UNIT TYPE
1,154,378
527,939
406,117
33,549
301,360
232,159
596,761
255.755
1,526.779
277,924
103,792
233,196
30,136
418.556
139.519
6.237.92IT
-------
B.12. TABLE B-4-2 (Continued).
O)
I
EQUIPMENT TYPE
TRACKIAYING TRACTOR
TRACKLAYING LOADER
MOTOR GRADER
MOTOR GRADER
SCRAPER
OFF -HIGHWAY TRUCK
WHEELED LOADER
WHEELED LOADER
WHEELED TRACTOR
WHEELED TRACTOR
ROLLER
ROLLER
WHEELED DOZER (NOTE C)
MISCELLANEOUS
MISCELLANEOUS
FUEL
TYPE
DIESEL
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
VOC EMISSION
FACTOR
(G/HR OPERA!)
(REF 6,7)
55.06
44.55
18.07
ej 1
j 5
.64
113.17
316 9
85.26
227.5
30.56
360.7
69235
336.1
NOX EMISSION
FACTOR
(G/HR OPERA!)
(REF 6)
570
375.22
124.43
145
1740.74
235
575 84
195
392.9
164
"fiJ
CO EMISSION
FACTOR
(G/NR OPERA!)
(REF 6)
157.01
91.15
66.46
5490
566.19
§59-16
7060
162$. 77
4320
137.97
60AO
3077\l
ANNUAL VOC
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
70.08
25.93
8.09
0. 36
42 58
22.23
74.46
AO . 0?
143 . j5
69.71
3 50
92.74
32.00
50.78
M4.VU
AUHUAL NOX
EMISSIONS
(IOMS/YR)
725.46
218.40
145.27
5.34
5 7fl 3fl
4B3.56
564.65
66. ?&
969 33
59.75
44.96
42.17
354.0V
28.77
4^206.41
ANNUAL CO
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
199.83
53.06
30.65
203 .07
Iflfl f 9
209.07
170.79
1 990 . 77
t *ii is
i;323.74
IS 79
1 563.21
U1.3B
1.187.52
.!"i^v'^
-------
B.12. TABLE B-4.3. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT - COUNTY C
GO
I
CO
ro
EQUIPMENT TYPE
IRACKLAYING TRACTOR
IRACKLAYING LOADER
MTOR GRADER
MOTOR GRADER
SCRAPER
OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCK
UHEELED LOADER
UHEELED LOADER
UHEELED TRACTOR
UHEELED IRACIOR
ROLLER
ROLLER
UHEELED DOZER (NOTE C)
MISCELLANEOUS
MISCELLANEOUS
Rft
DIESEL
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
PERCENT
EQUIP
USING EA
FUEL TYPE
(NOTE A)
(REF U
100
100
100
100
18
84.6
15.4
M
160
75
25
ESTIMATED
EQUIP COUNTS
U.S. • 1975
(REF 1,2)
197.000
86)000
"MZi
27)000
JO] 800
349| 702
47)298
2)700
75 000
25.000
X ANNUAL
(REF 3)
0.02
8'8I
0 02
0.02
8:8
0.02
0 02
0.02
0.02
ESTIMATED
197,079
^'lll
27*01 1
20*608
HISS
369 850
67 325
828
1 701
75 030
25)010
1.10I.4V1
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN SIC 14
U.S. - 1985
(REF 4)
691, 23
691
81:
691
691
23
i\
23
23
81:38
691 223
691)
691 !
6 O1
\\
23
23
23
NO. EMPIOTEES
Ik SIC 16
co. - Iva?
(REF 5)
7,905
7 905
7 905
7'905
7 905
7 905
7 905
7 905
7,905
7 905
1 90S
7 905
7 905
7 905
7.905
RATIO OF
EMPLOYEES IN
SIC 16, CO: US
0.0114
0.0114
0.0114
0.0114
0.0114
0.0114
0.0114
O.OIU
0.0114
0.0(14
0.0114
0.0114
0.0114
ESIIM EQUIPMENT
COUNTS IN THE
COUNTY (1987)
(NOTE B>
2,254
984
1,003
309
236
MS
It
jj
856
286
13512
ANNUAL HOURS
OF OPERATION
PER UNIT
(REF 6)
1050
1100
2000
2000
740
740
88
2000
1000
1000
-------
B.12. TABLE B-4-3 (Continued).
EQUIPMENT TYPE
FUEL
1YPE
VOC EMISSION
FAC10R
(G/NR OPERA!)
••" 6,7)
(REF
NOX EMISSION
FACTOR
(G/HR OPERAI)
(REF 1}
CO EMISSION
FAC10R
(G/NR OPERA!)
(REF 6)
ANNUAL VOC ANNUAL NOX ANNUAL CO
EMISSIONS EHISSIOMS EMISSIONS
(TOUS/YR) (TONS/YR) (TOUS/YR)
TRACKLAVING TRACTOR DIESEL
TRACKLAVING LOADER DIESEL
MOTOR GRADER DIESEL
MOTOR GRADER GASOLINE
SCRAPER DIESEL
OFF-HIGHUAY TRUCK DIESEL
WHEELED LOADER DIESEL
WHEELED LOADER GASOLINE
WHEELED TRACTOR DIESEL
WHEELED TRACTOR GASOLINE
ROLLER DIESEL
ROLLER GASOLINE
WHEELED D02ER (NOTE C) DIESEL
MISCELLANEOUS DIESEL
MISCELLANEOUS GASOLINE
55.
44.5
18.0
160.
1,4
0, IQi .}
-------
B.12. TABLE B-4.4. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT - COUNTY D
CO
I
CO
EQUIPMENT TYPE
FUEL
TYPE
PERCENT
EQUIP
USING EA
FUEL TYPE
(MOTE A)
(REF 15
ESTIMATED
EQUIP COUNTS
U.S. - 1975
(«£F 1.2)
X ANNUAL
INDUSTRY CROUIH
1976-1985
(REF 3)
ESTIMATI
EQUIP Cd
U.S. • 11
It'
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN SIC \l
U.S. • 1985
(REF *>
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN SIC U
CO. • 1965
(REF 5)
RATIO OF
EMPLOYEES IN
SIC 16. CO:US
ESTIN EQUIPMENT
COUNTS IN THE
COUNTY (1987)
(NOTE •)
ANNUAL HOURS
OF OPERATION
PER UNIT
(REF 4)
TOTAL HOURS
OF OPERATION
BY UNIT TYPE
IRACKLAYING TRACTOR
IRACKLAYING LOADER
MOTOR GRADER
M010R GRADER
SCRAPER
OFF-HIGHWAY TRUCK
WHEELED LOADER
WHEELED LOADER
WHEELED TRACTOR
WHEELED TRACTOR
ROLLER
ROLLER
WHEELED DOZER (NOTE C)
MISCELLANEOUS
MISCELLANEOUS
DIESEL
Bilfft
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
DIESEL
GASOLINE
197,000
0.0094
1.854
111U
-------
B.12. TABLE B-4.4 (Continued).
CD
I
CO
en
EQUIPMENT IVPE
FUEL
WE
VOC EMISSION
FACIOR
(G/HR OPERAI)
(REF 6,7)
NOXfEMc,SS,ON
(G/HR OPERAT)
(REF 6)
CO EMISSION
FACIOR
(G/HR OPERAI)
(RtF 6)
AUUUAl VOC
EMISSIONS
(IONS/YR)
ANNUAL NOX
EMISSIONS
(TONS/TR)
ANNUAL CO
EMISSIONS
(TONS/TR)
IRACKLAUNG TRACTOR DIESEL
TRACKLAUNG LOADER DIESEL
MOTOR GRADER DIESEL
MOTOR GRADER GASOLINE
SCRAPER DIESEL
OFF-HIGHUAV TRUCK DIESEL
UHEELEO LOADER DIESEL
UHEELED LOADER GASOLINE
UHEELEO TRACTOR DIESEL
UHEELED TRACTOR GASOLINE
ROLLER DIESEL
ROLLER GASOLINE
UHEELED DOZER (NOTE C) DIESEL
MISCELLANEOUS DIESEL
MISCELLANEOUS GASOLINE
1.2
I97IV
!,££!.
U. S. EPA. Exhaust
Cohibustion Engines
Research Triangle P
2.
1.
Eultslpns from Uncontrolled Vehicles and Related Equipment Using Internal
- Part 5, Heavy-Dutyjana, Construction, and Industrial Engine*. Al'10-1494.
ark, HC. October 1973.
U. S, EPA. Methodology for Est mating Emissions from Off Highway Mobile Sources for the PRS Progran.
EPA 450/3-75-002. Research Triangle Park. NC. October 1974:
CEIIDAIA. Online Information Utility of the U.S. Bureau of the Census on DIALOG. Construction
and Housing Data. July 1987.
4. U.i. Depnrlinent of Con.iK.-rce, Bureau of the Census. County Business Pottcrru, Wiib
5. U.i. Oepartnent of Co>.ilai Ion o( Alr^Pollutant En its I on Factors Vo|. 11: Mobile bourcti. <,Ih ed.
"""' 1985.
EPA <.'>0/4 811 015.
AP 42." Reieorch U iaiile Park/NC. September 1$85. p.11-7:2 to 11; 7'i.
i Or a __. .
Parl, NC. July 1980.
7. U.I. EPA, OAOPS. VoUtile Organic Compound (VOC) Species Data Manual. 2i>d. c,l
Reseorch Iri ^' '"•*
336.96
NOTE A: This Beans percent of total equipMnt using a particular fuel type (I.e., diesel • gas • 100 in eost cases).
NOTE B: Equlunent In use In the county detena|ned by the ratio of county employment to national eirptoy»ent, 1985.
NOTE C: Uheeled doier emissions are Included in the off-hlflhuay truck category
References:
1.
-------
B.13. TABLE B-5.1. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURE EQUIPMENT - COUNTY A -
CD
i
CO
cr>
(UIIPMENT TYPE
TRM I.MS
IRACIORS
COhUIMES (NOTE B)
COHBUiS (NOTE B)
PlUelf BALERS
HAkv/tilERS
TOTAL NO.
OF UNITS
IN THE CO.
769
31
117
46
X ANNUAL
GROUT H
(REF 2)
(NOTE A)
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
ESTIM TOTAL
NO. OF UNITS
IN THE CO.
(19B7)
771
31
117
46
TYPE FUEL
USED
DIESEL
GASOLINE
DIESEL
GASOLINE
GASOLINE
DIESEL
PERCENT
OF TOTAL
USING EACH
^REF1^
11
18
100
100
ESTIH, NO.
OF EACH
TYPE
OF UNIT
m
\t
117
46
AVE HOURS
OF OPERAT
BY UNIT
ffl
£]
24
120
TOTAL HRS
OF OPERAI
BY UNIT
TYPE
18:KI
1:181
2.816
5.537
288,733
VOC EMISSION
FACTOR
(NOIE'CJ
203. 4
190. 3
2J3.5
J?.B
141.6
NOX EMISSION
FACIOR
(G/HR OPER)
(REf 5)
13?
210
105
105
210
292.7
CO EMISSION
FACTOR
(G/HR^ER,
sift
4^6?
4360
95.2
1&43.0
ANNUAL VOC
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
JH!
8:8
0.73
0.23
45.06
ANNUAL NOX
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
8:8
8:?^
0.33
1.28
93.17
ANNUAL CO
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
dlft
?:1?
13.54
0.58
586. 70
-------
U.13. TABLE B-5.2. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURE EQUIPMENT - COUNTY B
CD
CO
EQUIPMENT TYPE
ItACTORS
IRACTORS
CuJIMES (NOTE B)
CCnaiSES (NOTE B)
PICKUP BALERS
HAKVESIERS
TOTAL NO.
OF UNITS
IN THE CO.
-------
B.13. TABLE B-5.3. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURE EQUIPMENT - COUNTY C
CX3
I
co
00
EQUIPMENT TYPE
IRA>:TORS
IRACIORS
cowl!!!! IBo'I 11
PILkUP BALERS
MAUVESTERS
TOTAL NO.
OF UNITS
IN THE CO.
375
12
59
24
X ANNUAL
GROWTH
(REF 2)
(NOTE Ai
0.15
0.15
0.15
0.15
ESI IN TOTAL
NO. OF UNITS
376
12
59
24
TYPE FUEL
USED
DIESEL
GASOLINE
GASOLINE
GASOLINE
DIESEL
PERCENT
OF TOTAL
USING EACH
11
si
100
100
ESTIM. NO.
ifr
OF UNIT
m
a
59
24
AVE HOURS
OF OPERAT
Msr
(REF 4)
zl?
?!
24
120
TOTAL HRS
OF OPERAT
•M*11
fl:?8
HJ
1,420
2,889
140.813
VOC EMISSION
fACIOfl
(NOIE'C)
76.2
203.4
i&S
233.5
37.8
141.5
NOX EMISSION
fACIOH
(G/l^OPER,
ii?
fW
105
210
292.7
CO EMISSION
(0,HRfCtER,
33*4
Hii
4360
95.2
1840.9
ANNUAL VOC
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
ii:»
8:81
0.37
0.12
21.97
ANNUAL NOX
8:1?
8:0?
0.16
0.67
45.44
ANNUAL CO
zU.IJ
8:18
6.83
0.30
285 . 80
-------
B.13. TABLE B-5.4. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM AGRICULTURE EQUIPMENT - COUNTY D
TOTAL NO. EST1M TOTAL PERCENT ESTIM. NO.
Of UNITS X ANNUAL NO. Of UNITS OF TOTAL OF EACH
IN THE CO. GROUTH IN THE CO. WE FUEL USING EACH TYPE
TRACTC,..!, 690 0.15 692 DIESEL 35 242
TRACTORS GASOLINE 65 450
COMBINE (NOTE B) 28 0.15 28 DIESEL 50 14
COMIINCS (NOTE B) GASOLINE 50 U
PICKUP uAiERS , 102 0.15 102 GASOLINE 100 102
rjj KARVESitKS 44 0.15 44 DIESEL 100 44
1
co
NOTE A: Based on percent growth (1982-1985) in the State.
MOTE B: Eaiissjon factors are for self : propel led types of combines.
The higher nunber of cotton pickers are assumed to be gasoline in order to give
a conservative estimate of VOC emissions. (Gasoline units have higljer VOC tm ssions.)
NOTE C Original factor was adjusted to represent the fraction of VOC emissions that is reactive, 0.
1. U.S. Oeoarlaent of Commerce. Bureau of the Census. 1985 Census of Agriculture.
Volume 17 Geographic Area Series Part 33 (Stale).
2. CENQATA. Online information Utility of the U.S. Bureau of the Census on DIALOG.
Agriculture Data: 1985 - State.
3. U. S. EPA, (MOPS. Technical Support pivjsion. Monitoring and Reports Branch.
Procedures for the Preparation of Emission Inventories fur Precursors of
Olone: Volume 1. Final Draft, 3rd ed. September 1988.
4. U.S. EPA, OAOPS. Compilation of Air Pollutant Emibaion Factors, Vol. II: Mobile
AVE HOURS TOTAL HRS
Of OPERAT OF OPERAT
BT UNIT BY UNIT
8? M
24 2,455
120 5,296
259,341
98.
VOC EMISSION
f AC 100
(G/NR OPER)
A.I
,90:?
233.5
37.8
141.4
NOX EMISSION CO EMISSION
lACIOft FACTOR ANNUAL VOC
(G/HR OPEX) (G/HR OPER) EMISSIONS
(REF 5) (REF 5) (TONS/YR)
157 3380 2v!j6
210 95.2 0.04
105 4565 8: 21
Hii 4360 0.63
210 95.2 0.22
292.6 1840.1 40.43
ANNUAL NOX ANNUAL CO
EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
8:12- ?:»
0.28 11.80
1.23 0.56
83.66 S26.15
.. ,
Sources.
to 11-4-3.
U.S. EPA. OAOPS.
EPA-450/4-SO-Oli.
Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) S>x:cjje>, Data Manual.
Research Triangle Park, NC. July 1980.
2nd ed.
-------
oo
-P»
o
B.14. TABLE B-6.1. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT - COUNTY A
EQUIPMENT TYPE
HEAVY-DUTY, DIESEL
HEAVY-DUTY, GASOLINE
LIGHT-DUTY, DIESEL
TOTAL
NATIONAL EQUIP
POPULATION
(1985)
ffl'V
417,000
990.000
2,105,400
AVERAGE
ANNUAL
INDUSTRY
GROWTH (X)
(NOTE A)
(«EF 2)
-0.25
-0.25
-0.25
ESTIMATED
NATIONAL
EQUIPMENT
401,649
958,101
2,037,992
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN HIE U.S. IN
musics
CREF 25
24.286,142
24,286,142
24.286,142
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN THE Ca. IN
THEMJGS.CS
(KEF 3)
68.617
68,617
68,617
ESTIMATED
EQUIPMENT
POPULATION
1,140
2,708
5,758
V.bUb
VOC EMISSION
FACICU
(NOIE'Bici
0.038
o.oai
0.019
u.ujy
WOX EMISSION
FACTOR
(MG/UNIT)
(REF *Y
(NOTE 1)
0.55
0.044
0.275
CO EMISSION
FACTOR
INOTE •>
0.12
1.7
0.06
U.31V
ANNUAL
VOC
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
47.78
241.80
120.62
41U.2U
ANNUAL
NOX
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
691.56
111.35
1745.83
A6S.H
ANNUAL
CO
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
150.89
5074.79
380.91
56U6.M
-------
B.14. TABLE B-6.2. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT - COUNTY B
oo
EQUIPMENT lift
HEAVY-DUTY, DIESEL
HEAVY-DUTY. GASOLINE
LIGHT-DUTY. DIESEL
TOTAL
NAIIONAL EQUIP
POPULATION
(1985)
(NOTE A)
(REF 1)
417.000
990,000
2,105,400
AVERAGE
ANNUAL
INDUSTRY
GROWTH (X)
(HOI£ A)
(REf 2)
-0.25
-0.25
•0.25
ESTIMATED
NAIIONAL
EQUIPMENT
POPULATION
(1987)
403,649
958,303
2,037,992
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN THE U.S. IN
THE NFC sics
(*EFBH
24.286,142
24,286,142
24,286,142
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN THE CO. IN
THE HFC SICS
(1985)
(REF 3)
27,341
27,341
27.341
ESTIMATED
EQUIPMENT
POPULATION
IN THE CO.
(1987)
454
1.079
2.294
i,IUB
VOC EMISSION
fACIfJ)
(MC/UMIT)
(REF 4,5.&)
(NOTE B.CJ
0.038
0.081
0.019
U.U1V"
UOX EMISSION
FACTOR
'jSff1!)*
(NOTE 4)
0.55
0.044
0.275
u.<:<,3
CO EMISSION
FACTO*
'SflfH1
(NOTE t)
0.12
1.7
0.06
u.3
-------
B.14. TABLE B-6.3. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT - COUNTY C
DO
I
•£>
ro
EQUIPMENT TYPE
HEAVY-DUTY, DIESEL
HEAVY-DUTY, GASOLINE
LIGHT-DUTY, DIESEL
TOTAL
NATIONAL EQUIP
POPULATION
(1985)
(NOTE A)
(REF 1)
417,000
990,000
2,105,400
AVERAGE
ANNUAL
INDUSTRY
GROWTH (X)
(NOTE A)
(REF 2)
-0.25
-0.25
-0.25
ESTIMATED
NATIONAL
EQUIPMENT
POPULATION
(1987)
403,649
958,303
2,037,992
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN THE U.S. IN
THE MFG SICS
(1985)
(REF 2)
24,286,142
24,286,142
24,286,142
NO. EMPLOYEES
IN THE CO. IN
THE HFG SICS
(1985)
(REF 3)
36,185
36,185
36,185
ESTIMATED
EQUIPMENT
POPULATION
IN THE CO.
(1987)
601
1,428
3,036
5 ,Ub£>
-------
B.14. TABLE B-6.4. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT - COUNTY D
NATIONAL EQUIP AVERAGE ESTIMATED
POPULATION AlJMUAL NATIONAL NO. EMPLOYEES
EQUIPMENT TYPE (1985) INDUSTRY EQUIPMENT IN THE U.S. IN
(NOTE A) GROWTH (X) POtH.il/kTIOH THE MFC SICS
(REF 1) (MOTE A) (1987) (1985)
(REF 2) (REF 2)
HEAVY-DUTY, DIESEL 417
HEAVY-DUTY, GASOLINE 990
LIGHT-DUTY, DIESEL 2.105
TOTAL
,000 -0.
,000 -0.
,400 -0.
NOIE A: Average annual industry growth bated on
1 NOTE B: Emission factors are based on 600. 300,
25
25
25 2,
average
and 300
403.649 24,286.142
95a,3U3 24,286.142
.017.W2 24.286,142
annual employment in U.S.,
hours of annual operation
ESTIMATED
NO. EMPLOYEES EQUIPMENT VOC EMISSION NOX EMISSION CO EMISSION ANNUAL ANNUAL ANNUAL
IN THE CO. IN POPULATION FAC10A FACTOR FACTOR VOC NOX CO
THE MFC SICS IN THE CO. (NG/UUIT) (HG/UNIT) (MG /LIMIT) EMISSIONS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(1985) (1987) (REF 4,5,6) (REF 4) (REF 4) (TONS/YR) (TONS/YR) (TONS/YR)
(REF i) (NOIE B;C) (NOTE B) (NOTE fl)
34,619
34,619 1
34,619 2
4
for nine years between
per unit for heavy duty
575 0.038 0.55
,366 0.001 0.044
,905 0.019 0.275
,O4o u.ujy u.«j
diesel,
0.12 24.11 348.91 76.13
1.7 121.99 66.27 2560.36
0.06 60.86 880.81 192.18
u.5
-------
B.15. TABLE B-7.1. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM LAWN & GARDEN EQUIPMENT - COUNTY A
oo
i
ENGINE TYPE
4-SIROKE
2-STROKE
TOTAL
EQUIPMENT
(REF 1)
36,200,000
6,500.000
X AYE. ANNUAL
GROWTH IN THE
NO. OF U.S.
HOUSEHOLDS
(REF 2)
(NOTE A)
2.03
2.0J
ESTIM EQUIP
CCUNIS IN
(NOTE 8)
49,603,846
8,906,768
HOUSEHOLDS
IN THE U.S.
(REF-'JJ
90.031,000
90,031,000
HOUSEHOLDS
IN THE CO.
154,355
154,355
ESTIH NO. OF
UNITS USED
IN THE CO
(1987)
(NOTE C)
85.044
15,270
luu. in
VOC
EMISSIM
FACTOff
Mil
(UOTE 6,£)
0.0015
O.OUO
u.uua)
NOX
EMISSION
FACTOR
(KG /UNIT)
(RtF 4)
(NOTE 0)
0.0002
0.0001
U.UUUl
CO
EMISSION
FACTOR
0.0191
0.0334
u.ufa
ANNUAL
VOC
EMISSIONS
(TOUS/YR)
140.65
218.87
J5V.12
ANNUAL
NOX
EMISSIONS
(TOMS/YR)
20.35
1.82
te. il
ANNUAL
CO
EMISSIONS
(TOUS/YR)
1790.89
562.33
tm.et
-------
B.15. TABLE B-7.2. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM LAWN & GARDEN EQUIPMENT - COUNTY B
CO
I
cn
ENGINE TYPE
4-STROJCE
2-STROKE
TOTAL
EQUIPMENT
COUNTS
(1980)
{REF 1)
36,200,000
6,500,000
X AVE. ANNUAL
GROWTH IN THE
NO. OF U.S.
HOUSEHOLDS
(REF 2)
(NOTE A)
2.03
2.03
ESIIM EQUIP
COUHIS IN
THE U.S.
(1987)
(NOIE 8)
49,601,846
8,906,768
HOUSEHOLDS
IN THE U.S.
(1987)
(REf 2)
90,011,000
90,011,000
HOUSEHOLDS
•MfiS/f-
(*£f J)
79,868
79,868
ESTIM NO. OF
UNITS USED
IN THE co
(1987)
(NOIE C)
44,004
7,901
M.VU6
voc
EMISSIiUJ
FAC10K
(MG/UNIT)
(REF 4.5)
(NOIE 6,E)
0.0015
0.0130
U.ULW5
NOX
EMISSION
FACTOR
(HG/UNIT)
(REF 4)
(NOTE 6)
0.0002
0.0001
U.UUU2
CO
EMISSION
FACTOR
(NOTE 0)
0.0191
0.0114
u.vta
ANNUAL
VOC
EMISSIONS
(TONS/VR)
72.77
113.25
"1U.UJ
ANNUAL
NOX
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
10.51
0.94
11. *f
ANNUAL
CO
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
926.66
290.96
I/I/. 61
-------
B.15. TABLE B-7.3. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM LAWN & GARDEN EQUIPMENT' - COUNTY C
03
I
ENGINE TYPE
4 -STROKE
2- STROKE
TOTAL
EQUIPMENT
(REF 1)
36,200,000
6.500.000
X AVE. ANNUAI
GROWTH IN THE
NO. OF U.S.
HOUSEHOLDS
<«'*)
(NOTE A)
2.03
2.03
ESTIH EQUIP
COUNTS IN
THE U.S.
(1987)
(NOTE 8)
49,603,646
8,906,768
HOUSEHOLDS
IN THE U.S.
90,031.000
90.031,000
HOUSEHOLDS
133.932
133,932
"SK8
(NOTE C)
73,792
13.250
O/.lMl
VOC
EMISSION
FACTOR
iMG/UMIT)
REt 4.5)
UOIE D.E)
0.0015
0.0130
u.uira
uox
EMISSION
FACTOR
(HO/UNIT)
(REF 4)
(MOTE 6)
0.0002
0.0001
U.UUUl
CO
0.0191
0.0334
u.um
ANNUAL
VOC
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
122.04
189.91
3T1.VS
ANNUAL
NOX
EMISSIONS
(TONS/VR)
17.65
1.58
IV. ti
ANNUAL
CO
EMISSIONS
(TONS/YR)
1553.94
467.92
21)41. 86
-------
B.15. TABLE B-7.4. SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS FROM LAWN & GARDEN EQUIPMENT - COUNTY D
CD
I
X AVE. AMUUAL VOC NOX
EQUIPMENT CROUTH IH THE ESIIH EQUIP HOUSEHOLDS HOUSEHOLDS ESIIH NO. Of EMISSION EMISSION
EHGUE UPE COUNTS NO. OF U.S. COUMIS 1M IM THE U.S. IM 1HE CO. UMUS USED FACTOR FACTOR
(1980) HOUSEHOLDS THE U.S. O987) (1987) IN THE CO (HG/UMIT) < HI, /UNIT)
<«Ef 1) (W&h (REF JJ (REF ii (198»> ("Ef *.5S (KEF il
(NOTE A) (MOTE 8) (NOTE 6) (NOTE fl.E) (W01E 6)
4-STROKE 16,200.000 2.03 49,603,846 90,031,000 120,915 66,620 0.0015 0.0002
2-SIROKE 6,500,000 2.03 8,906,768 90,031,000 120,915 11,962 0.0130 0.0001
TOIAl ' 78,302 U.UUB) "" D.UUU2
NOTE A: Annual growth In the nuaber of household* In the U.S. uos determined over 1970-87.
NOTE 1: AitUBei th« Increase in ntnbtr of cqulcofrit II proportional to grouth In tht nijabar or household*.
H01E C: Detanalned tram the ratio of houacholdi In tht county to U.S..
NOTE 0: E«|»«lon factor* are bated on SO houra of annual operation.
NOTE E: Original factor adjusted to reprticnt the fraction of VOC eoitafon* that la reactive, 0.88 for
•xhauat, 1.0 for evaporative.
1. Industry Statistic!, Inc. Inventory of Equipment Usage. National PL*> Hiding Co., New York.
c. 1986. p. 177.
2. CENOATA (Online Information Utility of the U.S. Bureau of Census on DIALOG). Provliional County
Population EstlutcE. July 1, 1987.
CO
EH 1 SSI ON ANNUAL ANNUAL ANNUAL
FACTOR VOC NOX CO
(KG/UNIT) EMISSIONS EMISSIONS EMISSIONS
(REF «) (TONS/NO (TONS/rR) (TONS/TO
(MOTE 0)
0.0191 110.18 15. W U02.91
0.03W 171.45 1.42 440.50
U.U221 <:OI.DJ if. 30 104). 41
1. Olonevllle Regional Planning Commission. Eirfilo^nent and Household Projections. February 1985. p.16.
4. U. S, EPA, OAQPS. Conpilaliui of Air Pollutant £>mslon Factors, Vol. II: Mobile Sources. 4th ed.
AP-42. Research Triangle Perk, NC. p. 11-5-2.
5.
U.S. EPA, OAQPS. Volatile Organic Compound (vuC) Special Dal
Research Triangle Park, NC. July IvAO. pp.9.06-4 to 9.66-6.
la Manual. 2nd ed. EPA-450/4-80-015.
-------
B.16. Emissions from Railroad Locomotives - Procedure for Estimating Fuel Use
From the 1985 NEDS Fuel Summary Report, State consumption of fuel by railroad
locomotives is 40,520 x 103 gals diesel (ref 1).
First adjusting to the base year, the growth rate, i, was calculated from 1983
and 1985 NEDS Fuel Summary Report data. In 1983, State use was 39,310 x 103 gals
diesel (ref 2), therefore, the growth rate, i, =
(40,520/39,310)1/2-l = 0.015
State fuel use in 1987, therefore, is:
40,520 x 103 (1 + 0.015)1987'1985 = 41,745 x 103 gals
County specific data provided by the 1983 NEDS Fuel Summary Report were used to
derive county use data for 1987 from the 1987 State estimate:
1987 Fuel Use
% of State use (103 gal)
County A: 7.02 2930
County B: 5.63 2350
County C: 5.11 2133
County D: 6.36 2655
REFERENCES:
1. U. S. EPA. 1985 NEDS Fuel Summary Report. Requested by the Ozoneville SIP task
force. October 1988.
2. u. S. !?A. 1S3: NEDS Fuel Summary Report. Requested oy tne Gzoneviile SIP tasx
force. October 1988.
B-48
-------
APPENDIX C - PC-SAMS EMISSION SUMMARY REPORTS
C.I Emission Summaries for County A
C.2 - Emission Summaries for County B
C.3 Emission Summaries for County C
C.4 - Emission Summaries for County D
C-l
-------
C-2
-------
APPENDIX C.I PC-SAMS EMIISSION SUMMARY REPORTS FOR COUNTY A
3 VOC Emissions
9 NOX Emissions
• CO Emissions
C-3
-------
C-4
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY A
(tons per day)
Base Year
(1987)
Applicable Regulation^ ' Point Area
STORAGE, TRANSPORTATION AND MARKETING OF VOC
Oil and Gas Production
Natural Gas and Gasoline Processing
Other Petroleum Processing
Gasoline and Crude Oil Storage(3)
Fixed Roof
External Floating Roof
Volatile Organic Liquid Storage I,II- 0925,0933,0518,0524 0.0C2)
VOL - Transfer
Ship and Barge
Other
Barge and Tanker Cleaning
Bulk Gasoline Terminals'"' I- 0927,0518,0524,0525
Gasoline Bulk Plants(5) I- 0926,0518,0524,0525
Service Stations
Tank Truck Unloading I- 0932,0928,0518 4.5
Vehicle Refueling 2.9
Tank Breathing Losses I- 0518,0524 0.1
Tank Trucks in Transit 0.1
Others (specify)
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Petroleum Refineries
Vacuun Systems
Fugitive Leaks
Wastewater Separators
Process Unit Turnarounds
Miscellaneous
Lube OiI Manufacture
Organic Chemical Manufacture
Polyethylene
Propylene
Styrene
SOCMI
Fugitive Leaks
Air Oxidation
Others
Inorganic Chemical Manufacture
Fermentation Processes
Vegetable Oil Processing
Pharmaceutical Manufacture
Plastic Products Manfacture
Rubber Tire Manufacture II- 0937,0518,0524
C-5
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY A
(tons per day)
Applicable Regulation'15
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
SBR Rubber Manufacture
Textile Polymers Manufacture
Resin Manufacture
High Density Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polystyrene
Synthetic Fiber Manufacture
Iron and Steel Manufacture
Coke Ovens
Others
INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING
Large Appliances
Magnet Wire
Autos and Light Trucks
Cans
Metal Coils
Paper Products
Fabric and Vinyl
• Metal Furniture
Miscellaneous Metal Products
Flatwood Products
Plastic Products
Large Ships
Large Aircraft
Others
I- 0920,0518,0524
I- 0921,0518,0524
0.6
WON-INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING
Architectural Coatings
Auto Refinishing
Others
0.3
3.3
2.5
OTHER SOLVENT USE
Solvent Metal Cleaning
Cold Cleaners
Open Top Vapor. Degreasers
Conveyorized Degreasers
Dry Cleaning
I- 0930,0518
I- 0930,0518
I- 0930,0518
0.2
0.1
3.3
29,7
C-6
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY A
(tons per day)
Applicable Regulation
(l)
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
Perch IorocthyIene
Petrol eon
Other
Graphic Arts
Rotogravure
Flexography
Adhesives
Cutback Asphalt
Solvent Extraction Processes
Consumer/Commercial Solvent Use
Others
II- 0938,0518
II- 0938,0518,0524
1,11- 0936,0920,0518,0524
I,II- 0936,0920,0518,0524
I- 0931,0518,0524
1.9
0.2
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.0
0.1
WASTE DISPOSAL
Municipal Waste Landfills
Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Industrial Wastewater Treatment
Open Burning
On-site Incineration
Residential
Commercia I/Institutional
Industrial
TSOFs
Surface Impoundments
Land Treatment
Landfills
Transfer, Storage & Handling
Industrial Boiler Co-firing
Others
0.4
0.3
0.0
6.0
OTHER MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES
Unpaved Roads
Fiberglass Insulation Manufacture
Commercial Bakeries
Pesticide Applications
Asphalt Roofing Kettles/Tankers
Stationary Internal Combustion
Engines
Stationary External Combustion
Coal
Fuel Oil
Natural Gas
0.0
0.4
U . w
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.1
C-7
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY A
(tons per day)
Applicable Regulation
(l)
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
LP Gas
Agricultural & Slash Burning
Structure Fires
Waste Disposal Combustion
Open Burning Combustion
Other VOC Sources (Leaking
Underground Storage Tanks)
0.1
0.4
MOBILE SOURCES
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Off-Highway Vehicles
Farm Equipment
Construction Equipment
Industrial Equipment
Lawn and Garden Equipment
Others
33-6
6.1
1,5
1.0
0.6
0,
10.
12.
0.
10.
1,
3.3
TOTALS
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
GRAND TOTAL 'FOR ALL SOURCES-
4.5
0.0
126.0
58.9
62.6
Footnotes:
I, II,. Ill refer to CTG Category Groups. Four digit codes refer to State Regulations.
0518 = Miscellaneous Volatile Organic Compound Emissions
0524 = New Source Performance Standards (NSPS)
0525 = National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP)
0920 = Paper Coating
0921 = Fabric and Vinyl Coating
0925 = Petroleum Liquid Storage in Fixed Roof Tanks
0926 = Bulk Gasoline Plants
0927 = Bulk Gasoline Terminals
0930 = Solvent Metal Cleaning
0931 = cutback Asphalt
0933 = Petroleum Liquid Storage in External Floating Roof Tanks
0936 = Graphic Arts
0938 - Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaning System
Emission values of 0.0 indicate that daily emission are >0 Ibs/day but less than 100 Ibs/day.
Includes all storage facilities except those at service stations and bulk plants.
Emissions from loading tank trucks and rail cars.
5. Emissions from storage and transfer operations.
C-8
-------
Date of Report: 07/31/89
Summary Table of NOx Emissions
for
COUNTY A
(tons per day)
Page 1
Last updated by: GOR
Last updated on: 07/31/89
Population of County: 407,497
Applicable Regulation(1)
Baseyear: 87
Point Area
EXTERNAL FUEL COMBUSTION
Utility Boilers
Industrial Boilers
Commerical, Institutional & Residential
Other
STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION
Reciprocating Engines
Gas Turbines
0524.40CFR 60.40a, Subpart Da
0524.40CFR 60.40b, Subpart Db
0524.40CFR 60.40b, Subpart Db
3.2
1.6
0524,40CFR 60.330, Subpart GG
OTHER COMBUSTION
Waste Disposal
Open Burning
Others
0.1
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Chemical Manufacturing
Adi pic Acid
Nitric Acid
Others
Iron and Steel
Mineral Products
Cement
Glass
Others
Petrole'jm Refining
Others
Hobile Sources
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-Highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Other
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
Grand Total - All Sources
1.5
6.3
67.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.4
3.6
0.6
5.7
0.1
4.9
0.0
99.8
Footnotes:
Four digit code> "0524" refers to State citations of New Source Performance Standards.
• 40 CFR 60.40a' Subpart Da - Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators
• 40 CFR 60.40b, Subpart Db - Standards of Performance for Industrial-Ccmmerical-Institutional Steam
Generating Units
• 40 CFR 60.330, Subpart GG - Standards of Performance for Stationary Gas Turbines
C-9
-------
Date of Report: 07/31/89
Surmary Table of CO Emissions
Ozon« Inventory
for
COUNTY A
(tons per day)
Page: 1
Last updated by: GDR
Last updated on: 07/31/89
Population of County: 407,497
Applicable Regulation
Baseyear: 87
Point Area
EXTERNAL FUEL COMBUSTION
Utility Boilers
Industrial Boilers
Commerical, Institutional & Residential
Other
0.8
0.4
STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION
Reciprocating Engines
Gas Turbines
OTHER COMBUSTION
Waste Disposal
Others
17.0
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Chemical Manufacturing
Iron and Steel
Mineral Products
Petroleum Refining
Others
MOBILE SOURCES
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-Highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Other
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
Grand Total - All Sources
0.0
0.0
0.0
170.8
62.3
11.9
3.8
2.1
0
15
167.9
18.2
435.2
453.4
C-10
-------
APPENDIX C.2 PC-SAMS EMISSION SUMMARY REPORTS FOR COUNTY B
• VOC Emissions
• NOX Emissions
• CO Emissions
C-li
-------
C-12
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY 8
Applicable Regulation^
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
STORAGE, TRANSPORTATION AND MARKETING OF VOC
Oil and Gas Production
Natural Gas and Gasoline Processing
Other Petroleum Processing
Gasoline and Crude Oil Storage* '
Fixed Roof
External Floating Roof
Volatile Organic Liquid Storage
VOL • Transfer
Ship and Barge
Other
Barge and Tanker Cleaning
Bulk Gasoline Terminals
Gasoline Bulk Plants'5'
Service Stations
Tank Truck Unloading
Vehicle Refueling
Tank Breathing Losses
Tank Trucks in Transit
Others (specify)
I,II- 0925,0933,0518,0524
I- 0927,0518,0524,0525
I- 0926,0518,0524,0525
I- 0932,0928,0513
I- 0518,0524
0.0
(2)
0.0
2.1
1 .3
0.3
0.0
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Petroleum Refineries
Vacuum Systems
Fugitive Leaks
Uastewater Separators
Process Unit Turnarounds
Miscellaneous
Lube OiI Manufacture
Organic Chemical Manufacture
Polyethylene
Propylene
Styrene
SOCMI
Fugitive Leaks
Air Oxidation
Others
Inorganic Chemical Manufacture
Fermentation Processes
.Vegetable Oil Processing
Pharmaceutical Manufacture
Plastic Products Maofacture
Rubber Tire Manufacture
II- 0937,0518,0524
C-13
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY 8
Applicable Regulation
(l)
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
SBR Rubber Manufacture
Textile Polymers Manufacture
Resin Manufacture
High Density Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polystyrene
Synthetic Fiber Manufacture
Iron and Steel Manufacture
Coke Ovens
Others
INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING
Large Appliances
Magnet Wire
Autos and Light Trucks
Cans
Metal Coils
Paper Products
Fabric and Vinyl
Metal Furniture
Miscellaneous Metal Products
Flatwood Products
Plastic Products
Large Ships
Large Aircraft
Others
I- 0920,0518,0524
I- 0921,0518,0524
0.1
NON-INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING
Architectural Coatings
Auto Refinishing
Others
0.0
1.7
1.0
OTHER SOLVENT USE
Solvent Metal Cleaning
Cold Cleaners
Open Top Vapor Degreasers
Conveyorized Degreasers
Dry Cleaning
I- 0930,0518
I- 0930,0518
I- 0930,0518
0.0
0.0
2.0
16.9
C-14
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY 8
Applicable Regulation(1)
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
Perchloroethylene
Petroleum
Other
Graphic Arts
Rotogravure
Flexography
Adhesives
Cutback Asphalt
Solvent Extraction Processes
Consumer/Commercial Solvent Use
Others
II- 0938,0518
II- 0938,0518,0524
I,II- 0936,0920,0518,0524
I,II- 0936,0920,0518,0524
I- 0931,0518,0524
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.1
1.8
WASTE DISPOSAL
Municipal Uaste Landfills
Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Industrial Uastewater Treatment
Open Burning
On-site Incineration
Residential
Commercia I/1nstitutionaI
Industrial
TSOFs
Surface Impoundments
Land Treatment
Landfills
Transfer, Storage & Handling
Industrial Boiler Co-firing
Others
0.3
0.9
0.0
6.1
0.1
OTHER MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES
Unpaved Roads
Fiberglass Insulation Manufacture
Conmercial Bakeries
Pesticide Applications
Asphalt Roofing Kettles/Tankers
Stationary Internal Combustion
Engines
Stationary External Ccnxxistion
Coal
Fuel Oil
Natural Gas
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY B
Applicable Regulation(1)
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
LP Gas
Agricultural & Slash Burning
Structure Fires
Waste Disposal Combustion
Open Burning Combustion
Other VOC Sources (Leaking
Underground Storage Tanks)
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.4
MOBILE SOURCES
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Won-highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Off-Highway Vehicles
Farm Equipment
Construction Equipment
Industrial Equipment
Lawn and Garden Equipment
Others
18.
0.
0.
0,
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.1
2.7
0.4
1.7
0.0
TOTALS
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
GRAND TOTAL FOR ALL SCURCES-
2.3
0.0
59
27.9
2° a
Footnotes:
1. I, II, III refer to CTG Category Groups. Four digit codes refer to State Regulations.
0518 ^Miscellaneous Volatile Organic Compound Emissions
0524 = New Source Performance Standards (NSPS)
0525 = National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP)
0920 = Paper Coating
0921 = Fabric and Vinyl Coating
0925 = Petroleum Liquid Storage in Fixed Roof Tanks
0926 = Bulk Gasoline Plants
0927 = Bulk Gasoline Terminals
0930 = Solvent Metal Cleaning
0931 = Cutback Asphalt
0933 = Petroleum Liquid Storage in External Floating Roof Tanks
0936 = Graphic Arts
0938 = Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaning System
2. Emission values of 0.0 indicate that daily emission are >0 Ibs/day but less than 100 Ibs/day.
3. Includes all storage facilities except those at service stations and bulk plants.
4. Emissions from loading tank trucks and rail cars.
5. Emissions from storage and transfer operations.
C-16
-------
Date of Report: 07/31/89
Surmary Table of NOx Emissions
for
COUNTY B
(tons per day)
Page 1
Last updated by: GOR
Last updated on: 07/31/89
Population of County: 205,259
Applicable Regulation
Baseyear: 87
Point Area
EXTERNAL FUEL COMBUSTION
Utility Boilers
Industrial Boilers
ConnericaI, Institutional & Residential
Other
0524,40CFR 60.40a,Subpart Da
0524,40CFR 60.40b,Subpart Db
0524,40CFR 60.40b,Subpart Db
49.4
1.1
0.5
STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION
Reciprocating Engines
Gas Turbines
OTHER COMBUSTION
0524,40CFR 60.330,Subpart GG
Waste Disposal
Open Burning
Others
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Chemical Manufacturing
Adipic Acid
Nitric Acid
Others
Iron and Steel
Mineral Products
Cement
Glass
Others
Petroleum Refining
Others
Hobile Sources
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-Highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Other
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
Grand Total - All Sources
49.4
0.0
49.4
2.0
0.3
3.1
0.0
1.2
18.3
5.0
1.7
32.7
Footnotes:
Four digit code "0524" refers to State citations of New Source Performance Standards.
• 40 CFR 60.40a Subpart Da - Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators
• 40 CFR 60.40fa', Subpart Db - Standards of Performance for Industrial-Commerical-Institutional Steam
Generating Units
• 40 CFR 60.330, Subpart GG - Standards of Performance for Stationary Gas Turbines
-------
Date of Report: 07/31/89
Summary Table of CO Emissions
Ozone Inventory
for
COUNTY 8
(tons per day)
Page: 1
Last updated by: GDR
Last updated on: 07/31/89
Population of County: 205,259
Applicable Regulation
Saseyear: 87
Point Area
EXTERNAL FUEL COMBUSTION
Utility Boilers
Industrial Boilers
Conmerical, Institutional & Residential
Other
1.0
1.6
0.8
STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION
Reciprocating Engines
Gas
OTHER COMBUSTION
Waste Disposal
Others
3.1
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Chemical Manufacturing
Iron and Steel
Mineral Products
Petroleum Refining
Others
MOBILE SOURCES
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Lignt Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-Hignway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Other
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
Grand Total All Sources
1.0
0.0
1.0
92.8
33.8
6.4
2.0
1.2
O.i
0.1
47.9
5.5
184.6
190.1
-------
APPENDIX C.3 PC-SAMS EMISSION SUMMARY REPORTS FOR COUNTY
9 VOC Emissions
9 NOX Emissions
9 CO Emissions
C-19
-------
C-20
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY C
Applicable Regulation^
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
STORAGE, TRANSPORTATION AND MARKETING OF VOC
Oil and Gas Production
Natural Gas and Gasoline Processing
Other Petroleum Processing
Gasoline and Crude Oil Storage( '
Fixed Roof
External Floating Roof
Volatile Organic Liquid Storage
VOL - Transfer
Ship and Barge
Other
Barge and Tanker Cleaning
Bulk Gasoline Terminals^ J
Gasoline Bulk Plants(5)
Service Stations
Tank Truck Unloading
Vehicle Refueling
Tank Breathing Losses
Tank Trucks in Transit
Others (specify)
I,II- 0925,0933,0518,0524
I- C927,0518,0524,0525
I- 0926,0518,0524,0525
I- 0932,0928,0518
I- 0518,0524
o.o1-'
4.1
2.6
C.1
0.1
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Petroleum Refineries
Vacuum Systems
Fugitive Leaks
Wastewater Separators
Process Unit Turnarounds
Miscellaneous
Lube Oil Manufacture
Organic Chemical Manufacture
Polyethylene
Propylene
Styrene
SOCMI
Fugitive Leaks
Air Oxidation
Others
Inorganic Chemical Manufacture
Fermentation Processes
Vegetable Oil Processing
Pharmaceutical Manufacture
Plastic Products Manfacture
Rubber Tire Manufacture
II- 0937,0518,0524
2.2
C-21
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY C
Applicable Regulation(1)
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
S8R Rubber Manufacture
Textile Polymers Manufacture
Resin Manufacture
High Density Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polystyrene
Synthetic Fiber Manufacture
Iron and Steel Manufacture
Coke Ovens
Others
INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING
Large Appliances
Magnet Wire
Autos and Light Trucks
Cans
Metal Coils
Paper Products
Fabric and Vinyl
Metal Furniture
Miscellaneous Metal Products
Flatwood Products
Plastic Products
Large Ships
Large Aircraft
Others
I- 0920,0518,0524
I- 0921,0518,0524
NON-INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING
Architectural Coatings
Auto Refinishing
Others
3.1
OTHER SOLVENT USE
Solvent Metal Cleaning
Cold Cleaners
Open Top Vapor Degreasers
Conveyorized Degreasers
Dry Cleaning
I- 0930,0518
I- 0930,0518
I- 0930,0518
0.0
0.0
3.2
23.6
C-22
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY C
Applicable Regulation^1'
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
Perchloroethylene
Petroleun
Other
Graphic Arts
Rotogravure
Flexography
Adhesives
Cutback Asphalt
Solvent Extraction Processes
Consumer/Comnercial Solvent Use
Others
II- 0938.0518
II- 0938,0518,0524
I,II- 0936,0920,0518,0524
I,II- 0936,0920,0518,0524
I- 0931,0518,0524
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.5
0.0
0.1
3.1
WASTE DISPOSAL
Municipal Waste Landfills
Municipal Uastewater Treatment
Industrial Uasteuater Treatment
Open Burning
On-site Incineration
Residential
Commercial/Institutional
Industrial
TSOFs
Surface Impoundments
Land Treatment
Landfills
Transfer, Storage & Handling
Industrial Boiler Co-firing
Others
0.3
0.6
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.1
OTHER MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES
Unpaved Roads
Fiberglass Insulation Manufacture
Commercial Bakeries
Pesticide Applications
Asphalt Roofing Kettles/Tankers
Stationary Internal Combustion
Engines
Stationary External Ccntxjstioo
Coal
Fuel Oil
Natural Gas
0.1
0.3
J . -v
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
C-23
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY C
Applicable Regulation
(1)
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
LP Gas
Agricultural & Slash Burning
Structure Fires
Waste Disposal Combustion
Open Burning Combustion
Other VOC Sources (Leaking
Underground Storage Tanks)
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.4
MOBILE SOURCES
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Off-Highway Vehicles
Farm Equipment
Construction Equipment
Industrial Equipment
Lawn- and Garden Equipment
Others
33.3
10. '
2.1
0,5
0.4
0.3
0.0
12.3
0.1
5.4
0.6
2.9
0.1
TOTALS
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
GRAND TOTAL FOR ALL SOURCES-
3.2
0.0
112.3
43.5
60.5
Footnotes:
1. I, II, III refer to CTG Category Groups. Four digit codes refer to State Regulations.
0518 —Miscellaneous Volatile Organic Compound Emissions
0524 = New Source Performance Standards (NSPS)
0525 * National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP)
0920 - Paper Coating
0921 = Fabric and Vinyl Coating
0925 = Petroleum Liquid Storage in Fixed Roof Tanks
0926 = Bulk Gasoline Plants
0927 - Bulk Gasoline Terminals
0930 - Solvent Metal Cleaning
0931 = Cutback Asphalt
0933 = Petroleum Liquid Storage in External Floating Roof Tanks
0936 = Graphic Arts
0938 = Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaning System
2. Emission values of 0.0 indicate that daily emission are >0 Ibs/day but less than 100 Ibs/day.
3. Includes all storage facilities except those at service stations and bulk plants.
4. Emissions from loading tank trucks and rail cars.
5. Emissions from storage and transfer operations.
C-24
-------
Date of Report: 07/31/89
Summary Table of NOx Emissions
for
COUNTY C
(tons per day)
Page 1
Last updated by: GDR
Last updated on: 07/31/89
Population of County: 368,314
Applicable Regulation
Baseyear: 87
Point Area
EXTERNAL FUEL COMBUSTION
Utility Boilers
Industrial Boilers
Commerical, Institutional & Residential
Other
STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION
Seciprocating Engines
Gas Turbines
OTHER COMBUSTION
0524,40CFR 60.40a,Subpart Da
0524,40CFR 60.40b,Subpart Db
0524.40CFR 60.40b,Subpart Db
0524,40CFR 60.330,Subpart GG
Uaste Disposal
Open Burning
Others
2.0
1.0
0.1
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Chemical Manufacturing
Adi pic Acid
Nitric Acid
Others
Iron and Steel
Mineral Products
Cenwnt
Glass
Others
Petroleum Refining
Others
Hooile Sources
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-Highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Other
^
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
Grand Total - All Sources
0.00
0.00
13.6
4.1
C.3
o.3
0.1
1.1
0.0
35.4
3.3
28.7
Footnotes:
Four digit code "0524" refers to State citations of New Source Performance Standards.
• 40 CFR 60.40a Sufipart Da - Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators
• 40 CFR 60.40b, Subpart Db - Standards of Performance for Industrial-Commerical-Institutional Steam
Generating Units
• 40 CFR 60.330, Subpart GG - Standards of Performance for Stationary Gas Turbines
C-25
-------
Date of Report: 07/31/89
Surmary Table of CO Emissions
Ozone Inventory
for
COUNTY C
(tons per day)
Page: 1
Last updated by: GDR
Last updated on: 07/31/89
Population of County: 368,314
Applicable Regulation
Baseyear: 87
Point Area
EXTERNAL FUEL COMBUSTION
Utility Boilers
Industrial Boilers
Commerical, Institutional
Other
& Residential
0.5
0.2
STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION
Reciprocating Engines
Gas Turbines
OTHER COMBUSTION
Waste Disposal
Others
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Chemical Manufacturing
Iron and Steel
Mineral Products
Petroleum Refining
Others
2.20
5.5
MOBILE SOURCES
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-Highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Other
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
Grand Total - All Sources
2.20
0.00
2.20
203.0
74.1
14.1
4.5
2.6
0.4
0.0
90.6
6.2
298.2
304.4
C-26
-------
APPENDIX C.4 - PC-SAMS EMISSION SUMMARY REPORTS FOR COUNTY D
• VOC Emissions
I NOX Emissions
I CO Emissions
C-27
-------
C-28
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY D
Applicable Regulation' '
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
STORAGE, TRANSPORTATION AND MARKETING OF VOC
Oil and Gas Production
Natural Gas and Gasoline Processing
Other Petroleum Processing
Gasoline and Crude Oil Storage^
Fixed Roof
External Floating Roof
Volatile Organic Liquid Storage
VOL - Transfer
Ship and Barge
Other
Barge and Tanker Cleaning
Sulk Gasoline Terminals^"'
Gasoline Bulk Plants<5)
Service Stations
Tank Truck Unloading
Vehicle Refueling
Tank Breathing Losses
Tank Trucks in Transit
Others (specify)
I,II- 0925,0933,0518,0524
I- 0927,0513,0524,0525
I- 0926,0518,0524,0525
I- 0932,0928,0518
I- 0518,0524
o.ok
0.0
2.0
0.3
0.0
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Petroleum Refineries
Vacuum Systems
Fugitive Leaks
Uasteuater Separators
Process Unit Turnarounds
Miscellaneous
Lube OiI Manufacture
Organic Chemical Manufacture
Polyethylene
Propylene
Styrene
SOCMI
Fugitive Leaks
Air Oxidation
Others
Inorganic Chemical Manufacture
Fermentation Processes
Vegetable Oil Processing
Pharmaceutical Manufacture
Plastic Products Mahfacture
Rubber Tire Manufacture
II- 0937,0518,0524
C-29
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY 0
Applicable Regulation
(l)
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
SBR Rubber Manufacture
Textile Polymers Manufacture
Resin Manufacture
High Density Polyethylene
Polypropylene
Polystyrene
Synthetic Fiber Manufacture
Iron and Steel Manufacture
Coke Ovens
Others
INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING
Large Appliances
Magnet Wire
Autos and Light Trucks
Cans
Metal Coils
Paper Products
Fabric and Vinyl
Metal Furniture
Miscellaneous Metal Products
Flatwood Products
Plastic Products
Large Ships
Large Aircraft
Others
I- 0920,0518,0524
I- 0921,0518,0524
NON-INDUSTRIAL SURFACE COATING
Architectural Coatings
Auto Refinishing
Others
0.1
OTHER SOLVENT USE
Solvent Metal Cleaning
Cold Cleaners
Open Top Vapor Degreasers
Conveyorized Degreasers
Dry Cleaning
I- 0930,0518
I- 0930,0518
I- 0930,0518
0.1
0.0
2.6
23.7
C-30
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY D
Applicable Regulation
(1)
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
Perchloroethylene
Petroleun
Other
Graphic Arts
Rotogravure
Flexography
Adhesives
Cutback Asphalt
Solvent Extraction Processes
Consumer/Conroercial Solvent Use
Others
II- 0938,0518
II- 0938,0518,0524
1,11- 0936,0920,0518,0524
1,11- 0936,0920,0518,0524
I- 0931,0518,0524
0.5
0.6
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.4
0.0
0.0
2.5
-ASTE DISPOSAL
Municipal Waste Landfills
Municipal Wastewater Treatment
Industrial Uastewater Treatment
Open Burning
On-site Incineration
Residential
Commerc i a t/1ns t i tut i ona I
Industrial
TSOFs
Surface Impoundments
Land Treatment
Landfills
Transfer, Storage & Handling
Industrial Boiler Co-firing
Others
0.5
0.0
0.1
OTHER MISCELLANEOUS SOURCES
Unpaved Roads
Fiberglass Insulation Manufacture
Commercial Bakeries
Pesticide Applications
Asphalt Roofing Kettles/Tankers
Stationary Internal Combustion
Engines
Stationary External Contxjstion
Coal
Fuel Oil
Natural Gas
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
-------
SUMMARY TABLE OF SEASONALLY ADJUSTED VOC EMISSIONS FOR COUNTY D
Applicable Regulation
Base Year
(1987)
Point Area
LP Gas
Agricultural & Slash Burning
Structure Fires
Waste Disposal Combustion
Open Burning Combustion
Other VOC Sources (Leaking
Underground Storage Tanks)
0.1
0.7
0.4
0.4
MOBILE SOURCES
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Off-Highway Vehicles
Farm Equipment
Construction Equipment
Industrial Equipment
Lawn and Garden Equipment
Others
32.4
16.9
1.3
0.4
0.1
0.3
0.0
12,3
0.2
4.5
0.6
2.6
0.1
TOTALS
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
GRAND TOTAL FOR ALL SOU9CES-
18.3
0.0
108.4
18.4
71.7
Footnotes:
1. I, II, III refer to CTG Category Groups. Four digit codes refer to State Regulations.
0518 —Miscellaneous Volatile Organic Compound Emissions
0524 - Mew Source Performance Standards (NSPS)
0525 = National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP)
0920 - Paper Coating
0921 = Fabric and Vinyl Coating 0 Ibs/day but less than 100 Ibs/day.
3. Includes all storage facilities except those at service stations and bulk plants.
4. Emissions from loading tank trucks and rail cars.
5. Emissions from storage and transfer operations.
C-32
-------
Date of Report: 07/31/89
Summary Table of NOx Emissions
for
COUNTY D
(tons per day)
Page 1
Last updated by: GOR
Last updated on: 07/31/89
Population of County: 301,077
Applicable Regulation
Baseyear: 87
Point Area
EXTERNAL FUEL COMBUSTION
Utility Boilers
Industrial Boilers
Commerical, Institutional & Residential
Other
STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION
Reciprocating Engines
Gas Turbines
OTHER COMBUSTION
0524,40CFR 60.40a,Subpart Da
0524.40CFR 60.40b,Subpart Ob
0524.40CFR 60.40b,Subpart Ob
0524,40CFR 60.330,Subpart GG
Waste Disposal
Open Burning
Others
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Chemical Manufacturing
Adipic Acid
Nitric Acid
Others
Iron and Steel
Mineral Products
Cement
Glass
Others
Petroleum Refining
Others
Mcbile Sources
Highway Vehicles
Light Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-Highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Other
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
Grand Total All Sources
3.6
1.6
0.3
0.1
0.00
3.60
7.3
2.4
0.4
0.0
1.3
0.0
65.1
2.5
80.9
83.4
Footnotes:
Four digit code ''0524." refers to State citations of New Source Performance Standards.
• 40 CFR 60.40a Subpart Da - Standards of Performance for Fossil-Fuel-Fired Steam Generators
• 40 CFR 60.40b, Subpart Db Standards of Performance for Industrial-Commerical-Institutional Steam
Generating Units
• 40 CFR 60.330, Subpart GG - Standards of Performance for Stationary Gas Turbines
C-33
-------
Date of Report: 07/31/89
Summary Table of CO Emissions
Ozone Inventory
for
COUNTY 0
(tons per day)
Page: 1
Last updated by: GDR
Last updated on: 07/31/89
Population of County: 301,077
Applicable Regulation
Baseyear: 87
Point Area
EXTERNAL FUEL COMBUSTION
Utility Boilers
Industrial Boilers
Conwerical, Institutional & Residential
Other
0.4
0.2
STATIONARY INTERNAL COMBUSTION
Tec-srocating Engines
Gas Turbines
OTHER COMBUSTION
Waste -Disposal
Others
0.4
4.6
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES
Chemical Manufacturing
Iron and Steel
Mineral Products
Petroleum Refining
Others
MOBILE SOURCES
yighuay Vehicles
_ight Duty Autos
Light Duty Trucks
Heavy Duty Gasoline Trucks
Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks
Other Highway Vehicles
Non-Highway Vehicles
Rail
Aircraft
Vessels
Other
Stationary Sources Total
Mobile Sources Total
Grand Total All Sources
0.4
0.00
0.4
141.2
42.3
3.1
2.6
1.5
0.5
0.1
41.9
168.2
5.2
195.7
200.9
C-34
-------
APPENDIX D
REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE CHECKLIST
In an effort to improve the quality of the Ozoneville draft base year
inventory, the ORPA reviewed and completed the Requirements document QA
checklist prior to submitting the inventory to EPA. Our review of the
checklist prior to inventory submittal pointed out several improvements that
needed to be made. The identification and accomplishment of these
improvements in the inventory drafting process will make the inventory
documentation more complete and provide EPA the information it needs to review
and approve the draft inventory. This appendix contains a copy of the
completed checklist for the Ozoneville MSA.
Emission Inventory .Requirements for Post-1987 Ozone State
Implementation Plans. EPA-450/4-88-019. December 1988.
D-l
-------
REQUIREMENTS DOCUMENT QUALITY ASSURANCE CHECKLIST
Note: "Post '87 requirements" refers to Emission Inventory
Requirements For Post '87 Ozone State Implementation
Plans.
1. VOC/NOyco Summary Tables
a. Does the submittal contain completed VOC/NO^CO summary
tables, per Table 1 in Post '87 Requirements, for:
i. the base year inventory (draft inventory)?
jjjj Yes j_j No
ii. the base line projaction year inventory (ii.ial
inventory)?
i~j Yes |J| No
Comment? This document only addresses the base year Inventory.
b. If the suggested format is no.t followed, is a format
used that contains equivalent information?
13 Yes !lj No
Comment?
c. In the VOC/NO,/CO summary tables, is the attainment
year specified?
|~j Yes |£j No Year? 19
Comment? Unly base -^ear inventory is reported
0-2
-------
d. In the VOC/NO./CO summary tables, is the point/area
source distinction made?
JXXJ Yes |~! No
Comment?
e. In the VOC/NO,/CO summary tables, have the emissions
been seasonally adjusted?
|I| Yes !~j No
Comment?
f. Have the suggested RACT source category distinctions
been maintained?
|jj Yes Hi No
Comment?
Are emissions reported as reactive VOC?
j&! Yes HI No
Comment?
h. Is the geographical area specified?
HI Yes Hi No
Comment?
-------
Point Source Listing
a. Does the submittal contain a point source listing, per
Table 2 in Post '87 Requirements, for the base year?
IT! Yes !~! No
Comment? THP format is'slightly altered from that given in Table 2,
but the content is essentially complete.
b. Are the principal operations specified with
corresponding emission totals?
13 Yes ilj No
Comment?
3. Documentation - General Considerations
a. Is there documentation accompanying the summary tables
and point source listing?
II! Yes Si! No
Comment? Documentation is detailed in report appendices.
b. Does the documentation specify who did the inventory?
ill No
Comment?
-------
c. Does the documentation define the area covered by the
inventory?
j2!l Yes |~j No
Comment?
d. Does the documentation tell how nonreactive VOC were
excluded fron the emission totals?
an t? '.- fully discusses which compounds were excluded r'rom
consideration.
e. Does the documentation describe how the seasonal and
weekday adjustments were made?
Jl! Yes -Hi No
Comment?
4. Specific Documentation - Point Sources
a. Are point source cutoff levels defined?
j~*j Yes }~j No . .. . .
'-' '-' same as specified in
What are they? Post-87 Policy ^ ^^ excee
-------
b. Has the inventory been scaled up in some manner to
account for points emitting less than the cutoff
level(s)?
!| NO
Comment?
Do all major point source categories appear to be
included?
{I| Yes !~! No
Have all vcc and NO, emission scurc3 ca-.-ccris" ir.
NAPA? inventory been addressed in SI? inventory?
jl| Yes }"{ No
Comment?
d. Have material balance techniques been used to estimate
VCXT emissions from solvent-using facilities?
13! Yes |~{ No
In some cases
Have source test results been used to identify
emissions?
jjj Yes j"} No
Typical age range if source test data: 2 to 4 years
Comment?
e. Are summer conditions of higher temperatures (and
appropriate Vapor Pressures for gaoline) reflected in
the VOC emission estimates made for petroleum product
marketing and storage operations?
! Yes - No
-------
Do other volatile organic chemical storage calculations
use appropriate temperature and throughput assumptions?
!£| Yes j~| No
Comment?
Are the latest (through Fourth Edition, Supplement Al
AP-42 emission factors used for calculating VOC
emission estimates for petroleum product marketing and
storage operations?
{2! Yes j~J No
Have "gapfillihg" emission factors from NAPAP baen
used?
J3jj Yes SI! No
Comment? Tne predominant source of emission factors was AP-42.
Is the SIP emission inventory produced from a computer
data base?
J3 Yes |~| No
If so, what emission inventory system is used? (e.g.,
SAH/EIS/P&R) PC_SAMS t ^^ example emission
calculations shown for several major point source
categories?
|£j Yes Hi No
Comment?
-------
5. Specific Documentation - Area Sources
a. Are all of the major area sources listed in Table
4.1-1 of Procedures For The Preparation Of Emission
Inventories For Volatile Organic Compounds. Volume I,
(Third Edition) included in the inventory?
\J\ Yes }~| No
Comment?
Whan certain facilities within one of the source
categories listed in Table 4.1-1 are coverad as point
source, hava the associated emissions been subtracted
from those emissions estimated for the corresponding
area source category?
Jij Yes j~j No
Comment?
c. Have the per capita factors from Procedures For The
Preparation Of Emission Inventories .'or Volatile
Organic Compounds. Volume I, (Third Edition) been used
to compute emissions?
||j Yes \~\ No
In most cases
If not, have techniques been used that appear to be
technically sound, and are these alternate methods
documented?
13! Yes j~| No
Comment?
-------
d. Has local activity levels information been used?
\J\ Yes J~| No
Comment? In many cases, local data had to be estimated from State data
e. Does gasoline usage fall in the range of 400 to 800
gallons per capita per year?
i
X! Yes ! ! No
Ara ead ssions included from underground tank breathing
and trucks in transit?
{£} Yes |~j No
Comment?
f. Have the technical points in Attachment I of the check
list (regarding per capita factors) been considered?
Hi Yes Hi No
Comment?
6. Specific Documentation - Highway Vehicles
Is the following information reported?
a. Description of procedures and models used to estimate
base year and future year transportation parameters.
!Sj Yes Hi No
Comment?
0-9
-------
b. Description of the travel data base and any subsequent
updates. When possible, estimates of the degree of
accuracy and other statistical parameters should be
included.
IxJ Yes |~j No
Comment?
c. Description of traffic counting programs. Estimates of
the degree of accuracy of VMT estimates based on
traffic ccurrts should i>s included.
i^J Yes j~j No
Comment?
d. Description of methods used to estimate vehicle speeds.
Special speed studies should be documented.
{£! yes j~| No
Comment? c°Py of speed estimating study included with inventory.
e. Description of methods for estimating traffic
parameters (VMT, speed, etc.) for local (off-network)•
traffic.
\l\ Yes ilj No
Comment?
n_i n
-------
f. Description of methods used to estimate vehicle hot and
cold start soak emissions.
Jl! Yes \~\ No
Comment? MOBILE4 defau 11s
Description of methods used to calculate emissions,
including a description of how data were aggregated and
emission factors applied.
Jli Ye3 !"j No
Comment?
h. Description of how other emission parameters (such as
vehicle age distribution, average annual miles driven
by model year) were obtained.
!xx! Yes III No
Comment? Predominantly MOBILE4 defaults
7. Specific Documentation - Projections
a. Does the inventory submittal specify how growth is
incorporated into the baseline projection inventory?
II! Yes HI No
Comment? Projections not included, is only a base year inventory
O-i.l
-------
b. Are the population projections used in the SIP
inventory consistent with those projections used in
water quality planning and design of wastewater
treatment facilities?
\~\ Yes !~j No NOT APPLICABLE SEE 7A
Comment?
Are reasonable surrogates used for "growing" activity
levels and emissions, such as those indicators s^-—--1 v
?rccaduras For Tha Preparation Of Emission Invgn~oT'. =5
For Volatila Organic Compounds. Volume I, (Third
Zdition)?
|~j Yes j~| No NOT APPLICABLE SEE 7A
Comment?
d. Does the baseline projection take into account
"on-the-books" control measures, specifically those in
earlier SIPS (1979, 1982)?
Hi Yes j~j No NQT APPLICABLE SEE 7A
CcTaaent?
e. Ara specific examples shown of how projections were
made for specific source categories?
!~| Yes Hi No NOT APPLICABLE SEE 7A
Comment?
-------
Are projections for very large VOC emitters generally
considered on a plant-by-plant basis rather than in
aggregate?
Yes Hi No NOT APPLICABLE SEE 7A
Comment?
8. Specific Documentation - Quality Assurance
2. Has a quality assurance effort been mada?
1 ~~ I VO.T? l"~l MO
i-li -1-3 i_i i1°
Comment?
b. Were the RACT or other industrial directories compared
with the point source file to determine the possibility
of missing sources?
jjj Yes j~j No
Comment?
c. Were emissions data and point source listings compared
with other emissions inventories (i.e., 1935 :TV?V?)?
j£j Yes Hi No
Comment?
-------
d. If the emission inventory was developed from a computer
data base (mainframe, mini, micro, or PC), are the
emission factor files used in calculations referenced
(i.e./ AP-42, source specific test, other)?
|X_! Yes j_j No
Are nonhighway area source inventory equations used
in the file documented or referenced?
IT i yes '""'
Comment?
e. Are any data reasonableness checks aada on emissions
(i.e., comparison with national or regional avarag-as)
jjj Yea HI No
Comment?
f. Do the base year travel and emission estimates fall
within the ranges presented in Guidelines For Review of
Highway Emission Inventories For 1982 SIPs
(EPA-400/12-80-002)?
}£| Yes |~j No
Comment?
D-14
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TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO. 2.
EPA-450/4-89-018
4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
Example Emission Inventory Documentation For
Post-1987 Ozone -State Implementation Plans (SIPs)
7. AUTHOR(S)
Garry Brooks
Glenn Reeves
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Radian Corporation
Box 13000
Research Triangle, NC 27709
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
EPA Project Officer: Michael Ham! in
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION NO.
;
5. REPORT DATE
October 1989
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO j
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-02-4392
13. TYPE OF REPORT ANC PERIOD CO V E R E 2
14. SPONSORING AGcNCY COOS
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
16. ABSTRACT
This document supplements recent US EPA guidance on compiling emission
inventories for reactive volatile organic compounds (VOC), oxides of nitrogen (NO,),
and carbon monoxide (CO), for use in developing post-1987 State Implementation Plans
(SIPs) for demonstrating attainment of the ambient ozone standards. This document
contains an example emissions inventory for reactive VOC, NO , and CO, which has been
compiled and documented for a fictitious ozone nonattainmentxarea called Ozoneville.
This document updates and generally supersedes an earlier EPA inventory
guidance document for ozone SIPs entitled Example Emission Inventory Documentation
hor 1982 Ozone SIPs.
i
17.
a.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
Emission Inventories
Ozone
Carbon Monoxide
State Implementation Plans
Post-1987 SIPs
18.
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
19. SECURITY CLASS {This Report/
20. SECURITY CLASS (This page)
c. COSATI Field/Group
21. NO. OF PACES
412
22. PRICE
EPA florin 2220-1 (R«v. 4-77} PREVIOUS EDITION is OBSOLETE
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