ENERGY DATA SYSTEM
DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE
FINAL REPORT
CONTRACT NUMBER 68-02-2399
EPA PROJECT OFFICER: ROBERT L. SHORT
STRATEGIES AND AIR STANDARDS DIVISION
OFFICE OF AIR QUALITY PLANNING AND STANDARDS
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC 27711
PREPARED FOR:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
OFFICE OF AIR QUALITY PLANNING AND STANDARDS
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, NC 27711
MARCH 1980
CSC
COMPUTER SCIENCES CORPORATION
-------
EPA 450/5-80-005
March 1980
ENERGY DATA SYSTEM
DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE
Final Report
By
f
Thomas' Dessent
Computer Sciences Corporation
5529 Chapel Hill Boulevard
Durham, North Carolina 27707
Contract Number 68-02-2399
EPA Project Officer: Robert L. Short
Strategies and Air Standards Division
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
Prepared For:
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Research Triangle Park, NC 27711
-------
DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the Strategies and Air Standards Division,
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, U.S. Environmental Protection.
Agency, and approved for publication. Approval does not signify that the
contents necessarily reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products
constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.
ii
-------
Table of Contents
Introduction.
Overview of the Energy Data System 3
Status of the Energy Data System 6
Summary of Work Performed 7
Appendix
A - Summary of Contract Activities by Task
iii
-------
INTRODUCTION
This report describes the work performed by Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC)
for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under contract number
68-02-2399 during the forty-two month period of performance that began 20 August
1976 and ended 20 February 1980.
Under the terms of the contract, CSC provided technical support to the
Strategies and Air Standards Division (SASD), Office of Air Quality Planning
and Standards (OAQPS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, for development,
implementation, maintenance, and operation of the Energy Data System (EDS), a
computerized data base. Work was performed in units designated "tasks" that
were initiated by the EPA Project Officer, who provided verbal and written
technical direction that specified the objective or scope of work for each task.
In response to the technical directive, CSC prepared and presented to the
Project Officer a plan of work that proposed the methodology, resources, and
schedule for accomplishing the task objective. After the Project Officer
approved the work plan, the work was performed and deliverable items were
submitted to him for review. After all deliverable items of the task had been
approved, the task was closed and no further resources were expended on it.
The Project Officer was informed by CSC of the progress of work by informal
discussions during meetings with him at intervals of two weeks (or more
frequently if necessary), and by written reports (biweekly status reports and
monthly progress summary reports). As a result of those discussions and
reports, the Project Officer sometimes altered the scope of work for tasks
to take into account new information or changed circumstances. Such alter-
ations of scope included both the termination of projects found to be
infeasible or impractical, and the expansion of projects to include additional
features or to satisfy additional requirements.
-------
The tasks performed by CSC included work in the following general categories:
(1) EDS software development and maintenance - the implementation of new
computer software for loading data into or retrieving data from the EDS
data base, the modification or correction of existing software, and of
documentation of both.
(2) EDS data base maintenance - acquisition of data, execution of updates,
validation of data, creation of backups, and related activities contri-
buting to the availability, accuracy, and timeliness of information
stored in the data base and ancillary data files,
(3) Data retrieval and analysis - implementation of procedures for obtaining
from EDS information requested by SASD personnel or by others through
SASD.
(4) Special projects - other work related to EDS but not included in the
preceding categories.
The following sections of this report present an overview of the Energy Data
System, its status at the end of this contract, and a summary of the work
performed by CSC. A task-by-task description of technical activities is
presented in Appendix A.
-------
OVERVIEW OF THE ENERGY DATA SYSTEM
The Energy Data System was developed by the Strategies and Air Standards
Division as a tool for assessing the effects on air quality of energy
policies and environmental legislation. The computerized data system stores
information related to the consumption of fossil fuels by electric power
plants and large industrial plants, and to their emissions of three atmos-
pheric pollutants: suspended particulates, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides.
The system also stores summaries of nationwide measurements of ambient air
concentrations of those pollutants. The primary sources of information are
other computerized data systems maintained by the Power Statistics Branch,
Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy; and by the
National Air Data Branch (NADB), Monitoring and Data Analysis Division, OAQPS,
U.S. EPA. Additionally, SASD environmental engineers provide information
pertaining to emission regulations and environmental policies. EDS has been
implemented on the Univac 1100 computer at the EPA National Computer Center,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
The Energy Data System is comprised of two major parts: a data base that
contains -the information, and associated software for maintenanace and use
of the data base. Briefly, the associated software consists of programs and
procedures for updating the data base, ancillary reference data files, and
programs and procedures for extracting, computing, and reporting selected
information. The EDS data base has been implemented using the System 2000*
data management language, which provides a hierarchial data structure and
allows access to the stored information via simple data management language
commands as well as computer programs. The EDS data base structure has two
major parts: one that contains information related to fossil fuel combustion
by power plants and industrial plants, and another that contains information
related to ambient air quality measured by pollutant monitoring stations.
*System 2000 is a registered trademark of MRI Systems Corporation, Austin, TX.
-------
The most comprehensive and detailed type of information in the EDS data base
pertains to electric power plants. Much of the power plant data are obtained
from the Department of Energy FORM-67 data file, which provides detailed infor-
mation about the physical equipment, operating conditions, and the quantity
and quality of fuel consumed. Additional data on fuel procurements, fuel use,
electric generation, and future generating capacity are obtained from other •
Department of Energy data files: FORM-423, FORM-4, and Generating Units
Reference File (GURF). New or revised emission regulation data are periodi-
cally supplied by SASD engineers. Annual emissions of suspended partlculates,
sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides are computed for each power plant using
FORM-67 data and stored in the data base. Other miscellaneous types of data
have been loaded into the data base as they became available and/or were
needed for special projects. Such miscellaneous data have included results
of diffusion modeling studies, calculated maximum allowable pollutant
emissions (based on emission regulations), and designation of geographical
areas not in attainment of Federal ambient air quality standards.
The information in EDS pertaining to industrial plants is abstracted from
the National Emissions Data System (NEDS), a computerized EPA data system
maintained by the National Air Data Branch. The industrial plant data
abstracted from NEDS pertain to three types of industrial processes: those
involving external combustion boilers, internal combustion boilers, and
inprocess fuel use. The EDS representation of industrial plant data is
the same as for power plant data; that is, a plant is considered to have
one or more "boilers" which burn fuel and emit pollutants that may be
partially collected by pollution control equipment, and are exhausted
through one or more stacks. Thus, the EDS data base contains data which
characterizes the "boilers," stacks, and pollution control equipment.
In addition, EDS contains vales abstracted from NEDS for calculated "boiler"
emissions of suspended particulates, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides;
the maximum amounts of those emissions permitted by applicable environ-
mental regulations or permits; and the amounts of other "waste products"
produced per year of plant operation.
-------
Ambient air quality data in EDS is abstracted from the EPA Storage and
Retrieval of Aerometrlc Data (SAROAD) system, also maintained by the
National Air Data Branch. The SAROAD system contains a huge volume of
data, consisting of the ambient air concentrations of numerous pollutants
as measured by an extensive nationwide network of air sampling and pollu-
tant measurement devices. Only a small subset of those data are abstract-
ed from the SAROAD system and stored in the EDS data base. The EDS air
quality data consist of yearly summaries of information pertaining to meas-
ured atmospheric concentrations of total suspended particulate, sulfur
dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfate; and information characterizing
the pollution monitoring equipment in terms of geographical location,
measurement method, and sampling frequency.
A variety of System 2000 data management language commands have been devel-
oped by SASD and CSC personnel for retrieving information from the EDS
data base and producing printed reports. The most useful and generally
applicable of those commands have been collected together in one file and
have been "documented" by storing abstracts of them in another System 2000
data base, named ASSIST. The ASSIST data base may be queried to determine
which of the existing EDS data retrieval commands may be applicable to a
particular subject area. The command(s) thereby indentified may be obtained
from the common command file and used "as is" or with appropriate modifica-
tion to retrieve the desired information from EDS and present it in a
printed report.
The Energy Data System provides a unique combination of related data from
disparate sources, organized in a hierarchial logical structure, from which
data retrieval may be accomplished with simple directives. EDS therefore
represents a valuable information resource for EPA.
-------
STATUS OF THE ENERGY DATA SYSTEM
As of the end of the period of performance of this contract (February
1980) the Energy Data System was in a static state, and was in the process
of being "mothballed." A shift in emphasis of the work of SASD personnel
away from matters related to energy strategies greatly diminished the
pertinence of EDS to the subjects of work being done. As a consequence,
financial support for continuing maintenance of EDS was eliminated from
the FY 1980 budget, and SASD implemented procedures for "mothballing" the
system. The EDS base will be retained in a state such that it can be
accessed by users of the EPA National Computer Center, but no data base
updates are planned and most of the supporting software will be removed
from the computer system. All the essential and most of the peripheral
components of EDS have been stored on magnetic tape so the system could
be reactivated at a later time, should that be desired.
-------
SUMMARY OF WORK PERFORMED
The Energy Data System had been designed and its initial implementation
completed prior to inception of Contract #68-02-2399. The data base and
major update programs had been developed for SASD by a contractor, prelim-
inary documentation had been written, and a few data base updates had been
performed. The long-term plan for EDS was that physical maintenance of the
data base — performing updates, creating backups, etc. — would be perform-
ed by data processing personnel of the National Air Data Branch (NADB) at
the direction of the SASD Project Officer, while CSC would undertake
further development and "fine tuning" of the system.
Accordingly, the first work performed by CSC was directed toward those two
objectives: acceptance of existing EDS software into the NADB operating
environment, and development of new software for performing necessary
additional functions. Eleven of the first sixteen tasks initiated by
the Project Officer directed CSC to document according to NADB standards
the existing EDS update programs and procedures, to demonstrate they
functioned correctly, and to obtain approval of them by NADB for placement
into th.e NADB "production" operating system. Most of those tasks involved
some program modification and development of new control procedures
(runstreams); the software was documented and demonstrated operational
within a few weeks to a few months after work was initiated. In two
instances, however, extensive program modification and testing were
required; those tasks (4 and 7, the SAROAD and FORM-67 updates) took
longer to complete. All of these tasks remained open for approximately a
year after work was completed pending final action by NADB and the Project
Officer. Final action was postponed because a new Project Officer had
been assigned who was reconsidering the philosphy of having data base
maintenance done by NADB. While the question of maintenance responsi-
bility was being re-evaluated, NADB suspended action on acceptance of
software and documentation.
-------
Consequently, a task was initiated in March 1977 for the purpose of
evaluating the potential advantages and disadvantages of that arrange-
ment. Based partly on the results of CSC's evaluation, the Project
Officer determined that the interests of SASD would be better served
if SASD retained responsibility for EDS maintenance, rather than trans-
ferring the responsibility to NADB. CSC assisted in the effort to
establish SASD production update procedures and documentation standards
for future EDS software documentation.
<-
In June 1977, the Project Officer began assigning to CSC limited respon-
sibility for performing updates .of the EDS data base. The updates
were performed on an ad hoc basis. The Project Officer scheduled each
update, secured any necessary input data, then initiated a task that
directed CSC to perform the data processing functions necessary for
accomplishing the update. Ten tasks of that nature were initiated and
completed during July 1977 through July 1978; however, that procedure for
data base maintenance required more technical and administrative effort
on the part of the Project Officer than was desirable. Therefore, he
initiated in September 1978 a task delegating to CSC total responsibility
for EDS maintenance, subject to periodic performance reviews. CSC devel-
oped a work plan that was approved by the Project Officer, and assumed
responsibility for EDS maintenance on 1 November 1978. Work was performed
under that task more or less continuously from then until the end of the
contract period of performance. A Methodologies Manual was written that
presented in detail the prescribed procedures for accomplishing each kind
of data base update, as well as procedures for other maintenance activities.
A total of 26 updates were performed, and all EDS-related disk files were
backed up on tape on a daily basis. Near the end of the contract, work
was performed under this task to "mothball" EDS, as discussed in the
preceding section of this report.
-------
Approximately fifteen tasks initiated by the Project Officer involved the
improvement of existing software or development of new software. Three
major new software units were implemented: a projections update procedure,
for loading information about future power plants or new generating units
into the EDS data base; programs for calculating pollutant emissions from
power plants; and a procedure for reorganizing the data base by unloading
and selectively reloading data. The programs for computing the maximum
amounts of power plant emissions allowed under current pollutant emission
regulations were extensively modified to assure correct operation. Several
update procedures were modified to correct errors, accommodate changes of
the input data format, and to optimize or extend capabilities.
Twelve tasks were initiated for the purpose of data retrievals from the
EDS data base. They were generally of short duration and required quick
response by CSC. The data retrievals were mostly in response to requests
by EPA personnel for information pertaining to power plants. The purpose
of one retrieval task was response to a Freedom of Information request
for emission regulations data.
The other tasks initiated under this contract included a variety of projects.
One accomplished the conversion of EDS to a new version of the System 2000
data management language, and involved modification of the data base and
most update software. Another task directed CSC to revise or rewrite all
EDS software documentation (16 documents) to satisfy SASD documentation
standards. A third project was the consolidation of all the useful System
2000 data management language commands for data retrieval written by SASD
and CSC personnel into one file, creation of an abstract of each command,
and loading the abstracts into the ASSIST data base. The final task of
this contract was for development of the procedures for "mothballing" and
reactivating EDS.
A discussion of the objectives and accomplishments of each task is
presented in Appendix A.
-------
APPENDIX A
Summary of Contract Activities by Task
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
Title: General administrative and technical activities
Objective: Accomplish the necessary administrative functions of the
contract and to perform technical activities not directly
related to individual tasks.
Work Performed
Administrative activities performed under this task consisted of periodic
meetings (approximately every two weeks) of CSC personnel with the Project
Officer to discuss the status of work in progress and to plan future work;
and of writing periodic reports (biweekly status reports and monthly techni-
cal reports) and this final report. Technical activities included develop-
ment of documentation standards for SASD and extensive revision of the
"EDS Terminal User's Manual."
A-l
-------
Number:
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Title:
Modify and document the regulations update procedure
Objective: Modify the existing EDS update procedure for loading regula-
tions data and document the revised update procedure according
to NADB standards. The update procedure was to be modified by
invoking the EDS update utility runstreams EDSOOOA and EDSOOOB,
which prepare the data base for an update by loading from backup
tape and create a new backup tape of the data base following
an update, respectively.
Work Performed
the controlling runstream of the regulations update procedure, EDS026, was
rewritten to invoke utility runstreams EDSOOOA & B. Separate versions were
created for use by SASD and NADB that referenced the files appropriate to
each operating environment. The program (ED026) and the new runstream
were tested to verify correct operation. Documentation of the update proce-
dure was written according to NADB standards and was submitted with the
test run results to the Project Officer and to NADB for review. The document
and runstream were subsequently approved; the program had been previously
approved by NADB and accepted into its operating system.
A-2
-------
Number:
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Title:
Modify and document the S(>2 units conversion update procedure
Objective: Modify the EDS update procedure for converting units of measure
of S(>2 regulations, document the update procedure according to
NADB standards, and achieve acceptance of the procedure into
the NADB operating system. The update procedure was to be
modified to invoke the EDS update utility runstreams EDSOOOA
and EDSOOOB.
Work Performed
It was found that the S(>2 units conversion program, ED027A, did not work
properly, and it was modified to correct the errors. The Project Offficer
requested that six additional program modifications be implemented to
improve the quality of the processing and the report produced, and to extend
the capabilities of the program. The requested modification were implemented
and the program was tested to verify correct operation. A runstream was
written that invoked the utility runstreams EDSOOOA and EDSOOOB, and separate
versions were created for use by SASD and NADB that referenced the files
appropriate to each operating environment. Complete program and runstream
documentation was written to NADB standards and submited with test run results
to the Project Officer and to NADB for review. The document, program, and
runstream were subsequently approved.
A-3
-------
Number:
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Title:
Modify and document the FORM-423 update procedure
Objective: Modify the program (ED030) and runstream of the EDS update
procedure that loads FORM-423 fuel procurement data, and
document the update procedure to NADB standards. Program
ED030 was to be modified to change the format of the data
field for fuel amount, and the runstream was to be modified
to invoke the EDS update utility runsteams EDSOOOA
and EDSOOOB.
Work Performed
The program modication specified above was implemented, as well as an addi-
tional modification to punch a card containing the year of the data processed
by the program. The runstream was rewritten to make use of the "year card"
punched by the program and to invoke utility runstreams EDSOOOA&B. Separate
versions of the new runstream were created for use by SASD and by NADB,
each referencing the files appropriate to the two operating environments.
The program and runstreams were tested to verify correct operation. Then
complete program and runstream documention was written to NADB standards.
The document and test runs were submitted to the Project Officer and to
NADB for review, and were subsequently approved.
A-4
-------
Number:
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Title:
Modify and document the SAROAD update procedure
Objective: Modify the runstreams of the EDS update procedure that loads
SAROAD data and document the modification to NADB standards.
The runstreams were to be modified to invoke the EDS update
utility runstreams EDSOOOA and EDSOOOB. The EDS SAROAD
update procedures had already been accepted into the NADB
operating system.
Work Performed
The specified runstream modifications were implemented and NADB "Changes
Documentation" was prepared. The revised runstreams and documentation
were subsequently reviewed and accepted by NADB. However, a production
run of the SAROAD update procedure produced results that indicated the
programs were not functioning correctly. The Project Officer extended
the scope of this task to include the identification and correction of the
program errors. Extensive modification and testing of the SAROAD update
programs, ED028A and ED028B, ensued. Correct operation of the programs was
verified, and the program and corrected documentation were provided to
NADB and the Project Officer. Within a few months, the format of NADB's
data files from which SAROAD data are abstracted for loading into EDS was
changed, rendering programs ED028A&B inoperable. The Project Officer
further extended the scope of this task to include additional program
modifications so the new SAROAD data file format could be accessed. The
required program modifications were implemented and tested, and the program
documentation was revised accordingly.
A-5
-------
Number:
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Title:
Document the existing EDS ad hoc update procedure
Objective: Document to NADB standards and achieve acceptance into the
NADB operating system the existing procedure for ad hoc
updates of the EDS data base.
Work Performed
The EDS ad hoc update procedure consisted of a runstrearn and a methodo-
logy for incorporating user-supplied System 2000 Natural Language commands
to accomplish a non-standard update. The existing runstrearn was revised
to create a new version suitable for use in the NADB production update
environment. The runstrearn was documented to NADB standards. After
review by NADB and the Project Officer, the document was approved. The
runstream was then provided to NADB for acceptance testing.
A-6
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
Title: Develop and document a program for selective data base reloads
Objective: Develop and document a program that would provide the capability
for creating a "new" copy of the EDS data base by selectively
transferring data from an existing copy of the data base. The
program was to produce a report summarizing the activities
performed.
Work Performed
Initial program design and implementation was performed, but due to limi-
tations imposed by System 2000 on the number of data sets (repeating
groups) that could be referenced, and due to other procedural problems,
it was decided that program implementation would not be practical. By
mutual agreement of CSC and the Project Officer, this task was terminated.
Tentative plans were made to implement an equivalent procedure that would
utilize the System 2000 Natural Language processor rather than a program
(see Task 15).
A-7
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
Title: Modify and document the Form-67 update procedure
Objective: Modify the FORM-67 update programs, ED032A and ED032B, to
utilize a data base password card; modify the associated
runstream to invoke update utility runstreams EDSOOOA and
EDSOOOB; document each program and runstream to NADB stan-
dards; and achieve acceptance of the FORM-67 update procedure
into the NADB operating system by demonstrating correct
operation of the programs and runstreams.
Work Performed
The specified modifications of the existing program were implemented and
the runstreams were revised to reference appropriate NADB files and to
invoke utility runstreams EDSOOOA and EDSOOOB. When the programs were
tested, numerous program logic and functional errors were detected.
Considerable effort was expended to identify and correct those errors.
Then each program and runstream was documented to NADB standards, and the
documents were submitted to NADB and the Project Officer for review.
Several rounds of document revision resulted in approval of the documents
by NADB. The programs and runstreams were then provided to NADB for inclu-
sion in production files.
A-8
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
8
Title:
Modify and document the diffusion modeling update program, ED034
Objective: Modify the diffusion modeling data load program, ED034, and
its runstream, EDS034; document the program and runstream to
NADB standards; and achieve acceptance of the program into
the NADB operating system by demonstrating correct program
and runstream operation. The scope of the task was later
extended to include program modifications necessitated by a
change in format of modeling input data.
Work Performed
All required program modifications were implemented and tested. The
runstream was revised to invoke update utility runstreams EDSOOOA and
EDSOOOB. Program and runstream documentation was written to NADB standards
and submitted to NADB and the Project Officer for review. The task remained
open but inactive for several months during which time it was decided that
NADB would not assume responsibility for production maintenance of EDS.
The program and documentation were then approved by the Project Officer.
A-9
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
Title: Document the update runstreams EDSOOOA and EDSOOOB
Objective: Document to NADB standards and achieve acceptance into the
NADB operating system the existing EDS update "utility"
runstreams EDSOOOA and EDSOOOB.
Work Performed
New versions of the existing EDS runstreams were created that referenced
file names appropriate for NADB production maintenance of EDS. The new
runstreams were each documented to NADB standards. The two documents
were reviewed and approved by NADB and the Project Officer. The runstreams
were provided to NADB for inclusion in their files and for testing.
A-10
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 10
Title: Document the update runstreams EDSOOOC and EDSOOOD
Objective: Document to NADB standards and achieve acceptance into the
NADB operating system the existing EDS update "utility"
runstreams EDSOOOC and EDSOOOD.
Work Performed
New versions of the existing runstreams were created that referenced the
appropriate file names for NADB production maintenance of EDS. The new
runstreams were each documented to NADB standards. The two runstreams
were reviewed and approved by NADB and the Project Officer. The runstreams
were provided to NADB for inclusion in their files and for testing.
A-ll
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
11
Title:
Document the NEDS update procedure
Objective: Document to NADB standards and achieve acceptance into the
NADB operating system the existing NEDS update procedure.
The objective was later revised to specify documentation to
SASD standards after it was decided that maintenance of EDS
would not be turned over to NADB.
Worked Performed
The NEDS update procedure for EDS consisted of four programs and associ-
ated runstreams. Some known program and runstream errors were corrected
by appropriate modifications, additional program changes were implemented,
and the programs were renamed. The modified programs and runs t reams were
documented to SASD standards and the document was delivered to the Project
Officer for review. Following that review, the document was revised and
expanded as requested. The final document was approved by the Project
Officer and the corrected programs and runstreams were placed in EDS library
files.
A-12
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
12
Title:
Document the FORM-4 update procedure
Objective: Document to NADB standards and achieve acceptance into the
NADB operating system the existing FORM-4 update procedure.
The objective was later revised to specify documentation to
SASD standards.
Work Performed
The FORM-4 update procedure for EDS consisted of four programs and associ-
ated runstreams. Work was begun on their documentation to NADB standards,
but after it was decided that EDS would not be maintained by NADB, the
document format was changed to satisfy SASD standards instead. During
the process of developing the detailed program descriptions for the docu-
ment, a few program logic errors were detected and corrected. The completed
document and revised programs were delivered to the Project Officer for
review. After a period of inactivity on this task, the document was
returned to CSC for minor revision. The corrected document was approved
by the Project Officer.
A-13
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 13
Title: Develop a procedure for loading diffusion modeling notes
Objective: Develop a procedure for loading into the EDS data base notes
(explanations, additional information) pertaining to plant
diffusion modeling studies data previously inserted into the
data base. The notes were not loaded with the other modeling
data because the update program, ED034, was not capable of
processing the notes at the time it was executed.
Work Performed
The records containing modeling notes were identified and extracted from
the modeling data files. A one-shot program was developed for loading
the notes into the EDS data base and was tested. The program, an associ-
ated runstream, instructions for using the program, and a data file
containing edited diffusion modeling notes were delivered to the Project
Officer.
A-14
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
14
Title:
Ranked emissions report program
Objective: Development and documentation of one or more programs to
retrieve power plant data from the EDS data base and produce
a report listing the calculated values for maximum allowable
S02 emissions, uncontrolled S(>2 emissions, and the difference
between the two for each power plant specified by selection
criteria. The report would also include plant identification
and location, fuel data, and applicable regulations.
Work Performed
Preliminary program requirements and design analysis was initiated, but was
pre-empted by other tasks with higher priority. The task was later termi-
nated at the request of the Project Officer.
A-15
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 15
Title: Develop and implement procedures for data base unload/reload
Objective: Development of a standard procedure utilizing the System 2000
Natural Language processor to accomplish an unload and reload
of the EDS data base, and performance of an unload/reload
operation using the procedure developed.
Work Performed
A procedure was developed that facilitated the data base unload and reload
processes, and was documented to SASD standards. The procedure employed
the Dnivac SSG processor to generate runstreams for accomplishing specific
user-directed tasks, such as unloading or reloading designated parts of
the data base and creating backup tapes. CSC developed the set of SSG
commands, or "skeleton," that caused generation of the appropriate unload
or reload runstream based on simple directives supplied by the user. The
procedure was then utilized to unload all data from the data base and to
reload power plant data. Modifications of the data base definition were
also implemented prior to the reload.
A-16
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 16
Title: Data base turnover review
Objective: Review the advantages and disadvantages of turning over to the
National Air Data Branch (NADB) responsibility for maintenance
of EDS, and produce a report summarizing the findings.
Work Performed
CSC investigated the potential positive and negative aspects of EDS mainte-
nance being performed by NADB personnel. A report stating the findings
of the investigation was written and delivered to the Project Officer.
A-17
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 17
Title: Quick response project #1 - analysis of future power plant sitings
Objective: Provide technical support as specified by the Project Officer
to assist SASD personnel in the analysis of potential problems
associated with the siting of power plants in locations desig-
nated by EPA as non-attainment areas.
Work Performed
CSC performed six projects under this task. (1) Program NE204 was executed
from the NADB program library to produce national, regional, and selected
state reports of pollutant emissions from industrial plants. (2) A one-shot
program was developed and executed that produced a report of summary statistics
pertinent to projected power plants using data contained in the Generating
Units Reference File (GURF), obtained from the Federal Power Commission.
(3) A one-shot program was developed and executed that selected projected
power plant data from GURF and loaded it into the PROJECTIONS portion of the
EDS data base. (4) A data base update was performed to load ambient air
quality data abstracted from the SAROAD system. (5) Several ad hoc data
base updates were performed to designate non-attainment areas and to convert
the units of measure of pollutant emission regulations. (6) An existing,
partially completed program for converting the units of TSP regulations was
made operational and was executed (program ED027B).
A-18
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 18
Title: Documentation of the TSP Units Conversion program (ED027B)
Objective: Documentation to NADB standards of program ED027B, which
converts TSP regulation values to standard units of measure.
Work Performed
The required documentation was written and submitted to the Project Officer
for review. After a period of inactivity, the task was reactivated and
the documentation was revised to meet SASD documentation standards.
A-19
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 19
Title: Consolidation of files on mass storage devices (discs)
Objective: Consolidation of software items related to the development,
operation, and maintenance of EDS.
Work Performed
CSC.evaluated the contents of data files and program files; identified
the most recent version of each program and runstream contained in SASD,
NADB or CSC files; collected together the most recent versions of those
items in designated files; and provided the Project Officer with documenta-
tion of the status and location of those items. Following the consolida-
tion, numerous files were deleted from the computer system in order to
reduce charges for mass storage utilization.
A-20
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
20
Title:
Design and implement controlled emissions report program(s).
Objective: Development of one or more programs to retrieve data from the
EDS data base, compute particulate emissions on a boiler-by-boiler
basis, and produce a printed report. Computation of emissions
was to take into account the parameters related to the type of
combustion process employed and any applicable pollution control
equipment. The Project Officer later extended the scope of
the project to include computation of emissions of sulfur
oxides and nitrogen oxides.
Work Performed
Three programs were developed and tested. The first retrieved data from
portions of the data base holding boiler design, boiler operation, and
plant fuel data; concatenated the data and computed boiler-level fuel
consumption data; and created files containing boiler and plant design and
operational data, and pollution control equipment data. The second program
manipulated the pollution control equipment data and created a file in a
format (indexed-sequential) that facilitated data retrieval. The third
program utilized that file and the "boiler" file created by the first
program to compute emissions and print a controlled emissions report for
plants in user-specified geographical regions of the United States, including
appropriate subtotals and totals of computed emissions and fuel consumption
data. The programs were documented to SASD standards except that detailed
program descriptions were not included. The detailed descriptions were
written later after several planned program modifications were implemented
(see Task 33).
A-21
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 21
Title: Perform a data base unload, redefinition and reload
Objective: Unload in System 2000 value string format all power plant,
industrial plant, and monitoring station data; revise the
EDS data base definition and create a new "empty" data base;
and load the power plant data into the new data base.
Work Performed
The existing EDS unload/reload procedure was utilized to unload data from
the data base. The data base definition was modified to change the sizes
of some components and to add a few new components. An empty data base
was created employing the revised definition, and the previously unloaded
power plant data were loaded into it.
A-22
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY .
Number: 22
Title: Quick response project #2 - 1985 air quality estimation
Objective: Provide technical support as requested by the Project Officer
to assist SASD personnel in the computation of 1975 pollutant
emissions from utility power plants and the estimation of
emissions in 1985.
Work Performed
CSC completed a number of activities in response to directives from the
Project Officer. Projections data in the EDS data base derived from the
Generating Unit Reference file (GURF) were unloaded, edited, and reloaded.
All 1975 fuel use data in the EDS data base were unloaded, extensively
edited to improve data quality, and re-inserted into the data base. Fuel
data from 42 files of the PRMS library was totaled into 10 fuel categories
on a county by county basis for the nation; the procedure was repeated
each time refinements were made to the PRMS data. Projections data supplied
by Environmental Analysis Inc. was edited and loaded into the CONV data
base after each of several refinements of those data. Numerous updates of
the CONV data base were performed to correct, reorganize, or summarize data
contained therein. And several reports were produced that listed consump-
tion of coal, oil, and gas in 1975, and calculated emissions of particulates
and sulfur dioxide in 1975. Other reports listed the estimated pollutant
emissions in 1985 based on several different assumption concerning trends
in fuel consumption and on the impact of proposed Federal emissions regula-
tions.
A-23
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 23
Title: Perform a data base update to load NEDS data
Objective: Update the EDS data base by loading data pertaining to indus-
trial plants abstracted from NEDS.
Work Performed
The existing EDS update procedure for NEDS data was utilized to update the
data base. Several program errors were detected as a result of the update
and modifications of the COBOL source code were implemented to eliminate
overprinting in the report, to write rejected UTM coordinates information
in an alternate print file, and to correct the calculation of minutes of
longitude. Since the program that was modified (NEDS6) was originally
written in SCORE-IV language, the modifications of the generated COBOL
program were retrofitted to the SCORE-IV source code at the Project Officer's
request. The pertinent parts of the program documentation were changed to
reflect the program modifications.
A-24
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
24
Title:
Conversion of EDS to Level 2.80 of System 2000
Objective: Conversion of the EDS data base and all associated software
to operation with the "new" version (Level 2.80) of System
2000 from the current version (Level 2.65).
Work Performed
CSC proposed and the Project Officer approved a plan for conversion of EDS
to Level 2.80 of System 2000. The plan included: revision of runstreams
where necessary to reference the Level 2.80 Natural Lanaguage processor;
revision of the data base definition to eliminate reserved words from data
element names and to reduce the number of keyed components; creation of
revised schemas incorporating the new data base definition, and revision
of programs using the schemas where necessary; and recompilation of all
programs that access the data base. All the above procedures were imple-
mented and the revised software was stored in separate files so that normal
EDS operations could precede (using Level 2.65) while the conversion work
was being done. Then the data base was unloaded to tape using Level 2.65,
a new "empty" data base was created under Level 2.80 using the revised
definition, and the data base was loaded from the tape files created previ-
ously. Finally, all the converted software items (programs and runstreams)
were copied into EDS "production" library files.
A-25
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 25
Title: Modification and documentation of maximum allowable emissions
programs
Objective: Modify a series of programs developed by SASD for computing the
maximum allowable emissions of sulfur dioxide and particulates
(based on regulations and fuel data for power plants in the
EDS data base), and document those programs to SASD standards.
Work Performed
The six maximum allowable emissions programs were originally implemented by
SASD personnel using the SCORE-IV language and precompiler. CSC modified
the COBOL language code, produced by the SCORE-IV precompiler, to improve
processing logic and efficiency; to implement county, state, and national
totals of pertinent data; and to function properly with Level 2.80 of
System 2000. Program documentation was written according to NADB standards
(the same standards as required by SASD at the time). The modified programs
and the documentation were delivered to the Project Officer for review,
during which several program logic errors and document deficlences were found.
Meanwhile, another task (48) was undertaken which invoked re-structuring
a part of the data base (PROJECTIONS) accessed by the maximum allowable
emissions programs; and an effort was initiated to redocument all programs
to SASD's own standards (Task 56). A second round of program.modifications
was performed by CSC to correct logic errors in the programs, to allow access
to the revised structure of the PROJECTIONS portion of the data base, to
change .the interpretation of some fields of parameter cards, and to revise
the algorithm for computing emissions for plants subject to Federal NSPS
regulations. Extensive testing was performed to assure correct program
operation. Program documentation was then rewritten according to SASD
standards. The Project Officer reviewed and approved both the documentation
and the programs.
A-26
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 26
Title: Implement a program for creating IBM-format tape files
Objective: Develop and document a program to read a UNIVAC SDF (card-image)
file and create and IBM-compatible magnetic tape file.
Work Performed
A COBOL program, SDF2IBM, was developed that would read card-image data
(UNIVAC SDF format) and write the data on magnetic tape in IBM-compatible
format (80-character EBCDIC records, fixed-blocked format). Program
documentation was written to SASD standards and approved by the Project
Officer.
A-27
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 27
Title: Develop a plan for an automated task management system
Objective: Investigate possible methods for implementing a computerized
system to assist in the management of EDS tasks, and recommend
an appropriate implementation.
Work Performed
A preliminary examination of available task management systems by CSC indi-
cated that none were suitable for use with EDS due to excessive cost and/or
complexity. At the request of the Project Officer, this task was terminated.
A-28
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
28
Title:
Modification of regulations update program, ED026
Objective: Modifiation of the regulations update program, ED026, to
improve its data error handling techniques.
Work Performed
Program ED026 was modified to improve the quality of error messages
pertaining to input data errors, and to scan all fields of input data
cards instead of terminating the scan when the first error was detected^
A test vesrion of the program and its associated runstream were also
created that would permit error checking of the regulations data cards
without accessing the data base. The program documentation was revised
to reflect the program modifications.
A-29
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 29
Title: Perform a data base update to load regulations data
Objective: Update the EDS data base by loading NOX regulations data.
Work Performed
The existing EDS update procedure for regualtions data was utilized to
accomplish the desired update. The NOX regulations data supplied as an
SDF file by the Project Officer were inserted into the data base using
the revised ED026 program (see Task 28). The results of the update were
reviewed and approved by the Project Officer.
A-30
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 30
Title: Perform a data base update to load FORM-423 data
Objective: Update the EDS data base by inserting FORM-423 fuel procure-
ment data for January through September 1977.
Work Performed
The existing EDS update procedure for FORM-423 data was utilized to
accomplish the desired update. FORM-423 data tapes for each of the speci-
fied months were obtained from the tape library of the National Air Data
Branch. The nine IBM-format tapes were concatenated and sorted to create
one UNIVAC-format tape that was used as input for the update program. The
results of the update were reviewed and approved by the Project Officer.
A-31
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 31
Title: Perform a data base update to load NEDS data
Objective: Update the EDS data base by loading data pertaining to
industrial plants abstracted from NEDS.
Work Performed
The existing EDS update procedure for NEDS data ws utilized to update the
data base. Some runsteam modifications were implemented and the program
documentation was modified to reflect those changes. The results of the
update were reviewed and approved by the Project Officer.
A-32
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 32
Title: Perform a data base update to load SAROAD data
Objective: Update the EDS data base by loading data pertaining to SAROAD
monitoring stations.
Work Performed
The existing EDS update procedure for SAROAD data was utilized to load
SAROAD data for 1973-1978 into the EDS data base. The results of the update
were reviewed and approved by the Project Officer.
A-33
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
33
Title:
Modification of Controlled Emissions Programs
Objective: Modification of the Controlled Emissions Report programs to
improve the format of the printed report and change the names
of the programs; and revision of the program documentation
to improve the detailed program descriptions and to reflect
the changed program names.
Work Performed
The existing program, TSP-REPORT, was modified to alter the format of the
printed Controlled Emissions Report to improve its readability. The program
names were changed from TSP-SELECT, TSP-SORT, and TSP-REPORT to SELECT/
CONTR-EMISS, SORT/CONTR-EMISS, and REPORT/CONTR-EMISS respectively; and
runstreams and documentation was modified to reference the new program names.
Section 4 of the program documentation was revised to present a more detailed
description of the processing performed by the three programs.
A-34
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 34
Title: Develop an approach for transferring EDS maintenance to CSC
Objective: Development of a plan by which responsibility for the routine
maintenance of EDS could be transferred from SASD to CSC.
"Routine maintenance" would include regular periodic updates
. of the EDS data base and ad_ hoc updates of the ASSIST data
base.
Work Performed
CSC produced a technical report that recommended the areas of responsi-
bility that could be assumed, specific activites that could be performed,
and a general plan and schedule for implementation of the recommendations.
A-35
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
35
Title:
Modification of Controlled Emissions Programs
Objective: Modification of the existing Controlled Emissions Report pro-
grams to generate a card-image file containing the requisite
System 2000 Natural Language commands and data to enable
loading the pollutant emission values calculated by the
programs into the PLANT-EMISSIONS repeating group of the EDS
data base. The format and content of the generated file was
to be such that, if the file were @ADDed while accessing the
data base with the System 2000 Natural Language processor,
insertion of the calculated plantwide annual emissions of
each pollutant (total suspended particulate, sulfur oxide,
and nitrogen oxides) into the data base would be effected.
Work Performed
Program REPORT/CONTR-EMISS was modified to produce the specified card
image output file, and the associated runstream was modified to perform
the necessary file assignment. The program was tested after modification
to verify corect operation, and the program documentation was updated to
include a description of the card-image output file. The modified software
was made available to the Project Officer for inclusion in EDS library files.
A-36
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 36
Title: Perform a data base update to load FORM-423 data
Objective: Load FORM-423 fuel procurement data for the months October,
November, and December 1977 into the EDS data base.
Work Performed
Three tapes containing FORM-423 data for the specified months were obtained
from the tape library of the National Air Data Branch. A program written
by SASD personnel and modified by CSC was executed to concatenate the
data from the three IBM-format tapes and create one UNIVAC-format tape
containing the concatenated, sorted data. The existing FORM-423 update
procedure was then used to load the data into the EDS data base.
A-37
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 37
Title: Perform a data base update to load FORM-67 data
Objective: Load 1974 FORM-67 data into the EDS data base.
Work Performed
Using the FORM-67 data tape supplied by the Project Officer, CSC executed
the FORM-67 update programs to load the data into the data base. The update
was unsuccessful in initial attempts due to errors in the update programs,
ED032A and ED032B. Considerable effort was expended to identify and correct
the errors prior to successful completion of the update. The corrected
programs were made available to the Project Officer for inclusion in EDS
library files.
A-38
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 38
Title: Perform a data base update to correct NEDS IDs of power plants
Objective: Correct the NEDS identification codes (C21) of certain power
plants in the EDS data base. A list of power plants with
errroneous NEDS ID codes was supplied to the Project Officer
in a memo from Sue Kimbrough, NADB/MDAD.
Work Performed
CSC constructed the requisite System 2000 Natural Language commands for
correcting the erroneous NEDS ID codes, and implemented those corrections
by performing an ad hoc update of the EDS data base.
A-39
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 39
Title: Perform a data base update to load FORM-4 data
Objective: Load "preliminary" 1977 FORM-4 fuel use data into the EDS
data base.
Work Performed
Using the FORM-4 data tape supplied by the Project Officer, CSC executed
the FORM-4 update programs to load the data into the data base. Some
runstream modification and program compilation was necessary to permit
successful execution of the update. The corrected software items were
made available to the Project Officers for inclusion in EDS library files,
A-40
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
40
Title:
Develop Project Accounting Procedures and Reports
Objective: Implementation of an automated procedure for reporting contract
costs (primarily computer changes) by work category (primarily
the project ID of computer runs).
Work Performed
It was determined that most of the desired information might be made
available through revised computer utilization/cost reports issued by
the National Computer Center. The Project Officer cancelled this task
and no work was performed.
A-41
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 41
Title: Revision of flue gas cleaning equipment data
Objective: "Clean up" flue gas cleaning equipment data in the EDS data
base by unloading, editing, and reloading the corrected
data.
Work Performed
It was decided that the "cleanup" would effectively be accomplished by other
planned major updates of the data base. The Project Officer cancelled
this task and no work was performed.
A-42
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
42
Title:
Modification of Controlled Emissions Programs
Objective: Modification of the existing Controlled Emissions programs
to produce a card-image output file containing information
pertaining to the age of power plant boilers. One card
image was to be created for each boiler processed by program
REPORT/CONTR-EMISS that contained the plant and boiler ID
codes, the year of boiler installation, and computed boiler
emissions.
Work Performed
Program SELECT/CONTR-EMISS was modified to retrieve from the EDS data base
and store in the output file, BOILER-FILE, the year of boiler installation.
Program REPORT/CONTR-EMISS was modified to produce the desired card-image
output file, and the associated runstream was modified to perform the
necessary file assignment. Both programs were tested to verify correct
operation after modification, and the program documentation was updated
to include a description of the card-image output file.
A-43
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 43
Title: Maintenance of EDS
Objective: The long-term maintenance of the EDS data base and ancillary
files by CSC. Maintenance activities were to include:
scheduling data base updates, acquiring input data, perform-
ing the updates, and verifying their successful completion;
periodic updates of the ASSIST data base and the S2K-COMMANDS
file; and maintenance of EDS files by daily backup to tape
and periodic consolidation (deletion of unnecessary files).
Work Performed
CSC developed a plan of work for this task, approved by the Project Officer
10/11/78, that proposed three phases of EDS maintenance that commenced
11/01/78. In the first phase, CSC worked closely with the Project Officer
to define in detail the maintenance procedures, establish a schedule for
updates, and write a Methodologies Manual describing the update procedures
and schedule. The Manual was completed in February 1978. In the second
phase, CSC assumed the role of Data Base Administrator and began performing
updates and daily file backup. Before each update was performed for the
first time, CSC presented a detailed plan of work for approval by the Project
Officer, executed the planned work, and provided extensive data verifying
the validity of the update. It was frequently necessary during this time
to revise update programs and/or the associated runstreams to correct errors
or impr.ove operational efficiency. In the third phase, CSC continued the
activities of the second phase by performing data base updates for the
second time (or more, as dictated by the schedule) but without providing
a detailed plan of work or extensive verification data to the Project
Officer; CSC assumed complete responsibility for the integrity of the
data base and for insuring the validity of updates. CSC performed a total
of 26 updates of the EDS data base during the course of this task, performed
daily file backup and monthly file consolidation, and revised the Methodo-
logies Manual several times to reflect changes in operating procedures.
The final work performed under this task was implementation of the EDS
"mothballing" procedures developed under Task 62. Backup tapes were
created that contain copies of all EDS-related files and that can be used
to reactivate EDS in the future.
A-44
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 44
Title: Retrieval of SOX emissions data from the "county" data base
Objective: Retrieval from the SASD "county" data base the estimated
emissions of sulfur oxides from utility and non-utility
sources by fuel type (coal, oil, gas, other) in 1975 and
1985. A report was to be produced that listed the appropriate
state totals of SOX emissions. The information was requested
by J. Bachmann (SASD).
Work Performed
The requested information was retrieved from the "county" data base using
S2K Natural Language commands. The reports were delivered to the Project
Officer for transmittal to the requestor.
A-45
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
45
Title: Propose work plans for implementation of alternative projections
update procedures
Objective: Development of a technical report specifying proposed work
plans and estimates of reources required for implementation
of four alternative PROJECTIONS update procedures suggested
by the Project Officer.
Work Performed
The four procedures were analyzed and the work plans and resource require-
ments were developed. A technical report describing the alternative
plans/resources was written and delivered to the Project Officer.
A-46
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
46
Title: Retrieval of regulations data for Gordian Associates, Inc.
(FOI request)
Objective: Creation of a data tape in IBM-compatible format containing
power plant emissions regulations data for particulates,
sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. The information was
requested by Gordian Associates, Inc., through the Freedom
of Information Act.
Work Performed
S2K Natural Language commands were used to retrieve the regulations data
from the EDS data base and to create a disk file containing the data.
The existing program "SDF2IBM" was used to read the disc file and create
a tape file having IBM fixed-blocked format. A listing of the tape file
contents and documentation of the record format was delivered to the Project
Officer with a draft letter of transmittal to the data requestor. The
Project Officer forwarded those materials with the tape to the requestor.
A-47
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
47
Title:
Freedom of Information data retrievals
Objective: The Project Officer tentatively planned to initiate a long-term
task for the purpose of responding to requests for data retrie-
vals from EDS made through the Freedom of Information Act.
Task number 47 was reserved for that effort. It was later
decided that the task would not be initiated, and no charges
were incurred under this task number.
A-48
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
48
Title:
Implementation of a PROJECTIONS update procedure
Objective: Implementation of a new design of the portion of the EDS data
base for power plant projections data; implementation of one
or more programs and runstrearns for performing "production"
updates of the new projections data base definition; development
of program documentation; and execution of the new programs to
load currently available projections data into the EDS data
base.
Work Performed
A new definition for the PROJECTIONS portion of the EDS data base was developed,
in cooperation with the Project Officer, that would accommodate all pertinent
data available from either of two sources: the "Generating Units Reference
File" (GURF) and the "New Power Plants File" (NPPF). Design specifications
were developed and approved by the Project Officer for two programs. One
(COPY/PROJECTIONS) would select appropriate data from either source data file
and create an output file containing the selected data in the same format
irrespective of the original source (GURF or NPPF). The second program
(LOAD/PROJECTIONS) would insert all or part of the selected projections data
into the EDS data base. The programs and associated runstreams were written
and tested; two updates were performed (one using GURF data, the other using
NPPF); and program documentation was prepared.
A-49
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 49
Title: Optimization of the "controlled emissions" SELECT program
Objective: Modify of the "controlled emissions" program, SELECT/CONTR-EMISS,
to reduce the amount of time required for its execution; and
demonstrate correct program operation following modification.
Work Performed
The SELECT/CONTR-EMISS program abstracts boiler-related data from the EDS
data base and creates a COBOL file used as input to program REPORT/CONTR-
EMISS for generation of a "controlled emissions" report. A test version
of the SELECT program was created that printed the time required for each
S2K retrieval operation when executed. By analysis of that information, it
was deduced that an S2K "GET1" retrieval operation was responsible for much
of the time used during program execution. The test program was modified
to substitute an S2K "GETD" retrieval procedure for the "GET1," an was
executed. The resulting timing information revealed a decrease of about
80% in execution time. The original version of the program was similarly
modified and executed; the data file thus created was identical with the
file produced by the original program. Additionally, the SELECT program
was modified to eliminate leading zeros in numeric fields of card output
produced by the program (files EMIS-LOADSTR and BOILER-AGE).
A-50
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
50
Title:
Retrieval of data pertaining to oil- and gas-fired power plants
Objective: Retrieval of information from EDS that could be used to
determine the potential impact on power plants of decreased
availability of crude oil from Iran. Three reports were to
be produced: (1) a list of oil suppliers from which power
plants purchased oil in 1977-78, and the amounts and cost of
the purchases; (2) an inventory of power plants that can use
both oil and natural gas, and the yearly amounts of each fuel
used by them; and (3) an inventory of power plants that use
natural gas exclusively, and the yearly amount of gas used.
Work Performed
The report of oil suppliers was produced, but very little information was
available in the EDS data ase with respect to the source of oil procurements.
The U.S. Department of Energy and the Federal Energy Administration were
contacted by telephone but could provide no additional informaton. The other
two reports were produced by execution of versions of existing program
"REPORT/CONTR-EMISS" modified to select oil and gas dual-fired boilers and
gas-only fired boilers. The reports were delivered to the Project Officer.
A-51
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 51
Title: Retrieval of data pertaining to power plants affecting visibility
Objective: Retrieval of data from EDS pertaining to the relative design
generating capacities from coal-fired and oil-fired boilers
installed after 1961 in power plants having a total generating
capacity of at least 750 megawatts. That information would
then be used to identify the plants within 150 kilometers of
Federal Class 1 areas (those areas designated by the National
Park Service as requiring a high degree of visibility, e.g.,
National Parks). The information was requested by G. Crane (ESED),
Work Performed
Two reports were produced, one for coal-fired and the other for oil-fired
boilers, using a modified version of an existing program, "LIST-BLR-FIL."
The reports listed the name and location of plants and detailed information
about boilers that satisfied the constraints given above. The generating
capacity of each boiler and the national total (in millions of BTU per
hour) was computed and printed. The reports were delivered to the Project
Officer, who forwarded them to the requestor along with a list of plants
within 150 kilometers of Class I areas.
A-52
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
52
Title:
Creation of a data tape
Objective: Creation of a data tape in IBM-compatible format containing
the data from a small S2K data base pertaining to chemical
storage tanks. Creation of the tape was requested by
J. Robson, EPA/RTP.
Work Performed
A program was written that retrieved all data from the S2K data base
"TANKEMIS," sorted the data by tank ID code, wrote one record per tank
ID on tape in IBM-compatible format, and printed the contents of each
record. Documentation of the record format was also provided.
A-53
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 53
Title: Retrieval of data pertaining to boiler operation, boiler design,
and stacks
Objective: Retrieval from EDS of the design and operational data pertaining
to power plant boilers and stacks.
Work Performed
Three reports were produced: (1) a "controlled emissions" report including
all available detail for all power plants; (2) a report produced by S2K
Natural Language commands listing the design generating capacity and fuel
consumption rates for each boiler; and (3) a report produced by S2K Natural
Language commands listing the design/measured properties of each stack.
Each report included the name and location of each power plant.
A-54
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 54
Title: Retrieval of data pertaining to distillate oil procurements
by power plants in California
Objective: Retrieval of information from EDS to identify California
power plants having the capability to burn either oil or
gas, and to determine the relative amounts of distillate and
residual oil used by those plants. The information was
requested by J. Schwartz (EPA-Washington, DC).
Work Performed
The requested information was obtained from two separate data retrievals.
One identified the plants that purchased distillate oil in 1977 and the
amounts purchased. The other identified plants having boilers capable of
burning either oil or gas. From those two retrievals a summary report was
manually produced that contained all the requested information.
A-55
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 55
Title: Retrieval of oil procurement data
Objective: Retrieval of data from EDS pertaining to the procurements of
distillate and residual oil in 1977 and 1978 by power plants
east of the Mississippi River. The relative amounts and the
average sulfur content of each oil type for each plant was
desired.
Work Performed
Because of the manner in which fuel procurement data are stored in the
EDS data base, it was not possible to obtain the relative amounts of
distillate and residual oil procured without writing a special program.
A report was produced using S2K Natural Language commands that listed,
for each power plant east of 90 degrees longitude that purchased distil-
late and/or residual oil in 1977-78: plant name and location, the
latest available generating capacity, and the total amount and average
percent sulfur content of all oil purchased in 1977 and in the first six
months of 1978. (Data were not available for purchases during the last
six months of 1978.)
A-56
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 56
Title: Revision of EDS documentation
Objective: Revision of the documentation of EDS programs and of the EDS
Methodologies Manual.
Work Performed
Each of 15 program documents was revised or rewritten to bring it into
conformance with SASD documentation standards and to include an accurate
description of the current program capabilities and procedures for its
use. The Methodologies Manual was updated to reflect current practices
and procedures. Each document was extensively reviewed by CSC to insure
accuracy of technical content and freedom from typographical errors prior
to delivery. After review of the Project Officer, three documents under-
went further revision to correct minor errors in style or content. Six
copies of each document were delivered.
A-57
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 57
Title: Retrieval of data to identify power plants with natural
draft cooling towers
Objective: Identification of all power plants that use natural draft
cooling towers.
Work Performed
Since the type of cooling tower information is not stored in the EDS data
base, the required information was abstracted from the 1975 Department of
Energy FORM-67 data tape. A program was written to abstract every record
that specified cooling tower type (derived from page 17, line 29 of
FORM #67). The abstracted records were sorted by cooling tower type so
that all "natural draft" records were contiguous. The power plants were
then identified from their codes, also present in the records.
A-58
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
58
Title:
Retrieval of power plant S(>2 emissions and related data
Objective: Retrieval of information related to power plant SO 2 emissions
in order to identify the "dirtiest" plants (those emitting
the most S02>. The information was requested by D. Carter
(U.S. Department of Energy).
Work Performed
The requested information was retrieved from EDS by executing S2K Natural
Language commands devised for that purpose, and by executing the EDS
"Controlled Emissions" report program and the "LIST-BLR-FIL" program.
A-59
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number:
59
Title: Retrieval of net heat rate, boiler design, and stack data for
coal-fired plants
Objective: Rank coal-fired power plants according to their net heat
rate (amount of heat input per unit of electricity generated),
and provide detailed information about the characteristics
of boilers, stacks, and flue gas cleaning equipment. The
information was requested by C. Amato, Office of Radiation
Programs, EPA.
Work Performed
S2K Natural Language commands were devised and executed to produce four
reports that provided the requested information. The reports contained
the following information: (1) net heat rate of coal-fired plants,
ordered by plant location and by computed net heat rate; (2) detailed
boiler design data for coal-fired boilers, including the design capability
for use of fuels other than coal; (3) stack data for all plants, with
indication of which boiler was associated with each stack; and (4) flue
gas cleaning equipment data on a boiler-by-boiler basis, ranked by equipment
efficiency, including estimated emissions of major pollutants.
A-60
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 60
Title: Retrieval of data related to the variability of sulfur content
in coal procurements
Objective: Determination of any relationships among the size (generating
capacity) of power plants, the sulfur content of coal procured,
and calculated SC>2 emissions. The information was requested
by B. Steigerwald (OAQPS).
Work Performed
The Maximum Allowable SC>2 Emissions report program was executed to calculate
the maximum amount of SC>2 that could be emitted by power plants based on
their 1978 coal procurements. S2K Natural Language retrieval commands were
devised and excuted to compute SC>2 emissions for those plants using the same
fuel data, and to compute the difference between the computed and maximum
allowable S(>2 emissions. These data were used to obtain distributions of
the numbers of plants in various categories of plant size, maximum allowable
emissions, and sulfur content.
A-61
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 61
Title: Consolidation of S2K commands and ASSIST data base update
Objective: Consolidate into one file, EDS*S2K-COMMANDS, all the useful
System 2000 Natural Langauge retrieval and update commands;
create a command abstract for each of the consolidated
commands; and update the ASSIST data base by insertion of
the text and abstract for each consolidated command.
Work Performed
The user-written S2K commands in files EDS*S2K-COMMANDS, EDS*COMMAND-POOL,
EDS*RLS-COMMANDS, EDS*TCH-COMMANDS, EDS*BAA-COMMANDS, EDS*SSS-COMMANDS,
and FUEL*TAD-COMMANDS were listed and examined. Those deemed useful were
extracted, modified if necessary to correct errors or to improve their
quality, and tested. Duplicate commands were eliminated, and all commands
were renamed to better connote their functions. An abstract of each
command was generated using text editor macro procedures developed for that
purpose. The text of all commands were removed from file EDS*S2K-COMMANDS
and the abstracts of all commands were removed from the ASSIST data base.
Then the new commands and abstracts were loaded into file EDS*S2K-COMMANDS
and the ASSIST data base, respectively. A backup tape copy of the ASSIST
data base was created, and a listing of all the information in the data
base was produced and delivered to the Project Officer. In addition the
Project Officer was provided with a cross-reference list that showed the
corresponding "old" and "new" file.element/version names of each command.
A-62
-------
EDS TASK SUMMARY
Number: 62
Title: Develop procedures for mothballing EDS
Objective: Development of procedures for "mothballing" EDS and for its
reactivation.
Work Performed
CSC developed a plan for the "mothballing" of EDS and for its potential reacti-
vation, and presented the plan in a technical report. The "mothballing" was
to be accomplished by creating copies of all EDS-related files on magnetic
tape, after which maintenance of those files by SASD would cease. Four tapes
were to be created in duplicate — one copy to be retained in the NCC tape
library, the other in the NCC archival tape storage area. The first tape
would contain a copy of the data base files and all other files necessary for
routine operation of EDS. The second and third tapes would contain copies
of all files on disk packs DSD061 and DSD089. The fourth tape would contain
the EDS data base definition and all data from the data base in System 2000
value string format. The technical report described in general terms the
procedures for reactivation of EDS and potential problems that might be
encountered.
The Project Officer approved the technical report after minor revision, and
authorized implementation of the "mothballing" procedures specified therein.
A-63
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA 450/5-80-005
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION>NO.
s. REPORT DATE (preparation^
March 1980
4. TITLE ANDSUBTITLE
ENERGY DATA SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT AND MAINTENANCE
Final Report
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION COI
7. AUTHOR(S)
Thomas Dessent
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Computer Sciences Corporation
Applied Technology Division
5529 Chapel ?;HilliB6ulevard . .. •
Durham, North Carolina 27707
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
68-02-2399
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
EPA, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards
Strategies and Air Standards Division
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final; 8/76 - 2/80
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
EPA/450/5
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
SASD Project Officer: Robert L. Short, Mail Drop 12, FTS 629-5420 (919/541-5420)
16. ABSTRACT
This report summarizes the work pe.rformed by Computer Sciences. Corporation during
the 42-month period of performance of contract //68-02T2399. Under the terms o'f
the contract, CSC provided technical support to the Strategies and Air Standards
Division, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, for the development,
implementation, maintenance, and operation of the Energy Data System, a computer
data base for assessing the effects on air. quality of energy policy and environme'
legislation as related to electric power plants and large industrial plants that
burn fossil fuels. Work was performed in task units initiated by the EPA Project
Officer.
17.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS C. COSATI Field/Group
M2. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport)
Unclassified
21. NO. OF PAGE;
75
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
Unclassified
22. PRICE
r PA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
------- |