WORKING PAPER NO. 25
COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN PROJECT
For Water Supply and Water Quality Management
PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEYS
LOWER WILLAMETTE RIVER
SUMMER 1961
DISTRIBUTION
Prepared by ENK Project Staff
Reviewed by JLA Cooperating Agencies X_
Approved by WWT General
U. S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION AND WELFARE
Public Health Service
Region IX
Division of Water Supply and Pollution Control
570 Pittock Block
Portland 5, Oregon
-------
This working paper contains preliminary data and information
primarily intended for internal use by the Columbia River
Basin Project staff and cooperating agencies. The material
presented in this paper has not been fully evaluated and
should not be considered as final.
-------
PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEYS
LOWER WILLAMETTE RIVER
Introduction
During the summer of 1961, the Public Health Service and Oregon State
Sanitary Authority cooperated in several water quality surveys on the
lower Willamette River downstream of Oregon City (R.M. 26). The water
quality within this reach has been and is of considerable concern to
those responsible for the management of the water quality resources of
the Willamette Basin.
The Willamette River downstream of Oregon City changes in character
from a fairly swift-flowing river to one deep and slow-moving. Dur-
ing the critical summer low-flow period, river stage in the Portland
Harbor fluctuates widely with the flood stage of the Columbia River.
This rise in river stage adversely affects water quality in the lower
Willamette until mid-July with the time of travel, or detention time,
approximating twice that of normal low flow. Water quality is further
impaired when the river stage rises prior to commencement of lagooning
by the various pulp and paper mills in the lower Willamette River.
Stream flow in the Willamette River is also declining rapidly at this
time while water temperatures are on the increase. One 24-hour diurnal
survey was conducted during this period.
After the Columbia River falls to its more natural flow, which generally
occurs from the first to the middle of July, water quality in the lower
Willamette River becomes more stabilized and not subjected to the rapid
fluctuation as those mentioned above. Two 24-hour diurnal surveys were
conducted during this period.
Summary
The survey work conducted on the lower Willamette River during the sum-
mer of 1961 answered a few of the questions relative to the water quality
in this reach, and opened, or stimulated, thought for further study into
other areas. The many variables inherent when studying a water body of
this type limit the use of conventional stream methods in evaluating its
assimilative capacity. Some of these are: wide fluctuations in river
stage throughout a critical period as a result of tidal or backwater con-
ditions; highly variable waste loadings; resultant changes in time of
flow.
Water quality conditions measured during the three surveys indicated one
definite trend from the first through the third survey. The effect of
photosynthesis on the surface DO declined markedly from the first survey
in June to the last in August. Also noted during each individual survey,
was a decrease in the diurnal variation from the upstream Station No. 3
(R.M. 16.5) to the downstream Station No. 1 (R.M. 7.0), as follows:
-------
Diurnal Variation
Station
Date
Jun 22-23
Jul 27-28
Aug 9-10
No. 3
MG/L
1.9
1.9
1.3
No. 2
MG/L
1.4
1.3
0.3
No. 1
MG/L
0.4
0.9
0.5
This phenomenon could be a result of the increase in color and re-
duction in the light transmission which would in turn be responsible
for the declining plankton population downstream of Oregon City.
Visual observations throughout the summer indicated that this was
the case, although no plankton measurements were made. There was
also a diurnal variation in DO at mid-depth noted at several sta-
tions occurring approximately six hours after the peak surface DO.
The lag would probably represent the time required for the surface
waters, with its higher DO gradient, to mix to this level and reach
equilibrium before declining prior to the next diurnal cycle.
Also noted on the first two surveys was the increase in BOD through-
out the late afternoon and evening hours. These increases were quite
uniform throughout this period, and appear to be significant. The
rate of change of BOD during this period approximated the rate of
change in the mid-depth DO, reaching a peak at nearly the same time
of day. There were a number of ways in which this could be explained,
one of which would be due to the indirect measurement of plankton as a
result of their vertical movement in the surface water mass throughout
the day. This has been observed and measured in other water masses,
and appears feasible in studying the BOD and DO data. If BOD deter-
minations had been made of the surface waters, this possibly could
have been confirmed.
During the final survey on August 9 and 10, this increase in BOD dur-
ing the late afternoon and evening hours was very little in evidence.
Surface DO concentrations also remained quite stable and reflected
little change during the daylight hours. This would indirectly serve
as an index of the plankton population and relative productivity of
the lower Portland Harbor. In addition, this would serve to further
confirm the theory regarding the increase in BOD during two previous
surveys.
In studying the water quality data obtained on these three surveys in
relation to the tidal stage, as measured by the U. S. Weather Bureau
Gauging Station at the Morrison Bridge, there seems to be little corre-
lation. Previous surveys conducted by others in the past have indicated
a correlation between tidal stage and water quality. Why this was not
evident during the surveys of the past summer is not known at this time.
-------
For monitoring purposes it is quite apparent from studying the data
that a mid-depth sample is a much more representative sample than a
surface sample. This depth approximated 20 feet at Stations No. 1
and 3, and 35 feet at Station No. 2.
Comparative DO data for the years 1958 through 1961 is plotted on
Figure 3, including averages for the three surveys. It will be
noted that the 1961 OSSA survey data indicate higher 00 concentra-
tions than was measured at mid-depth during the same general period
in the diurnal surveys.
Scope of Surveys
A series of 24-hour surveys were conducted on June 22-23, July 27-28,
and August 9-10, 1961, on the lower Willamette River from Staff Jen-
nings (R.M. 165) to the SP&S Bridge (R.M. 7.0). Sampling station loc-
ations were midstream at No. 1 - SP&S Bridge (R.M. 7.0); No. 2 - Steel
Bridge (R.M. 12.0); No. 3 - Staff Jennings (R.M. 16.5). The three
stations were sampled every two hours at midstream for a 24-hour per-
iod. Measurements were made at the surface, mid-depth, and bottom J,/
of dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, sulfite waste liquor,
pH, and temperature. The BOD and SWL were sampled at mid-depth only.
River stage data was made available by the U. S. Weather Bureau which
operates a recording water level gage in the Portland Harbor.
Discussion of Survey Results
June 22-23 Survey
On the June 22-23 survey the river stage in the Portland Harbor was
between 19.3 and 19.9 feet.
Station No. 3:
At Station No. 3, Staff Jennings, the dissolved oxygen content of the
surface waters varied from a low of 3.9 M6/L at 12:00 noon to a high
of 5.8 MG/L at 7:00 p.m., a net change of 1.9 MG/L. Dissolved oxygen
content at mid-depth, 20 feet in depth, indicated a similar diurnal
variation with a high of 6.6 MG/L coming at 1:00 a.m., a lag of some
six hours after the peak surface DO.
During the course of the survey, sulfite waste liquor concentration
declined at this station by approximately 30 ppm. This may have been
JL/ Not included on the initial June 22-23 survey.
-------
due to the affect of commencement of lagooning by mills upriver, or
to mill operation at Oregon City.
Station No. 2:
Water quality at Station No. 2, Steel Bridge, displayed a diurnal
pattern similar to that at Station No. 3. Dissolved oxygen at the
surface and mid-depth were both less than Station No. 3. The sur-
face DO varied between a low of 3.4 MG/L at 5:00 a.m. to a high of
4.8 MG/L at 9:00 p.m., and at mid-depth between 2.1 MG/L at 7:00
a.m. and 4.6 MG/L at 11:00 p.m.
The 11:00 p.m. mid-depth DO result appears inconsistent with the
preceding and following samples. This would also result in an in-
current BOD in that the DO was used as the initial DO for the BOD
determination. This is further verified in studying the SWL con-
centration at this station. The SWL between 9:00 and 11:00 p.m.
dropped approximately 50 percent which should result in a somewhat
lower BOD, which was not the case.
If the 11:00 p.m. DO was not considered, the next high occurred at
3:00 a.m., again lagging the surface high by approximately six hours.
Explanation of the 50 percent decrease in the SWL concentration be-
tween 9:00 and 11:00 p.m. to less than at Station No. 3, can only
be hypothesized to be as a result of the operation of the upstream
mills and lagooning practices.
Station No. 1:
Water quality at Station No. 1 declined again over that at Station
No. 2. There was less diurnal variation in the surface DO's which
averaged near 3.8 MG/L. Columbia River water, which is colder and
more dense than the Willamette River water, will, if the physical
forces are sufficient, be transported to the surface at this sta-
tion. This phenomenon was observed on several occasions in the vici-
nity of this station, made evident by the significant variations in
turbidity between the two water masses.
July 27-28 Survey
On July 27-28, 1961, the second 24-hour diurnal survey was conducted
at the three stations on the lower Willamette River. The only signi-
ficant change not included in the June 22-23 survey was sampling for
DO near the bottom. In studying' data obtained on the initial survey,
and noting the significant variation from the surface to mid-depth,
it was thought desirable to include this in subsequent surveys.
-------
Station No. 3:
Dissolved oxygen at the surface again reflected the effects of photo-
synthesis throughout the diurnal sampling period. The DO at Station
No. 3 at the surface varied from a high of 5.0 MG/L at 5:30 p.m. to a
low of 3.1 MG/L at 4:00 a.m., with the DO at mid-depth varying from a
high of 4.4 MG/L at 11:25 p.m. to a low of 4.0 MG/L between 2:00 and
4:00 a.m. A DO of 2.7 MG/L which occurred at 7:30 p.m. at mid-depth
does not appear to be a representative sample and was not considered.
Sulfite waste liquor concentrations remained quite stable, varying be-
tween 76 and 106 ppm with a mean of 80 ppm.
There was gradual increase in BOD at this station throughout the samp-
ling period, paralleling the mid-depth DO curve.
Station No. 2:
The surface DO at Station No. 2 again followed a diurnal pattern sim-
ilar to that at Station No. 3, varying from a low of 3.5 MG/L at
8:45 a.m. to a high of 4.8 MG/L at 4:30 p.m. DO at mid-depth and near
bottom did not reflect any significant diurnal fluctuation and averaged
near 3.5 MG/L. As at Station No. 3, the BOD increased throughout the
day from 1.9 MG/L at 7:00 a.m. to 3.1 MG/L at 3:45 a.m.
Sulfite waste liquor concentration remained quite stable throughout
the entire survey period, averaging near 85 ppm. It would appear
that the indicated increase in the BOD was not as a result of any
change in the SWL concentration.
Station No. 1:
The DO concentration at Station No. 1 were somewhat erratic. Surface
DO's indicated two apparent diurnal fluctuations but are of little sign-
ificance. The BOD at mid-depth increased during the evening and early-
morning hours, but the change was not as emphatic as the two upstream
stations. SWL concentration fluctuated very little and averaged near
80 ppm.
There were no apparent fluctuations in water quality throughout the
tidal cycle as measured at the Morrison Bridge in the lower Portland
Harbor.
August 9-10 Survey
The third and final 24-hour water quality survey of the three sampling
stations was made, .beginning at 7:00 a.m., August 9, 1961, and concluded
at 6:00 a.m. on August 10, 1961.
-------
All stations sampled during this survey experienced little variation
in water quality throughout the period sampled.
Station No. 3:
Station No. 3 exhibited what might be considered a slight diurnal
fluctuation in the surface DO. Mid-depth and bottom DO increased
gradually from approximately 4.0 to 4.8 MG/L. The mid-depth BOD
was erratic with the few samples that were taken and were not mean-
ingful. Sulfite waste liquor concentration declined gradually
throughout the sampling period from 54 to 38 ppm.
Station No. 2:
The surface DO at Station No. 2 declined steadily from the beginning
to the end of the sampling period. Mid-depth and bottom DO results
were essentially equal to the surface, only varying a maximum of
0.4 MG/L greater during the late afternoon. Increasing SWL concen-
tration at this station during the survey could account for the uni-
form decline of approximately 0.7 MG/L in the DO. SWL increased from
53 ppm at 6:00 a.m. on August 9 to 90 ppm at 4:00 a.m. on August 10.
Station No. 1:
The DO at Station No. 1 was very similar to that at Station No. 2.
A general decline in DO of some 0.3 MG/L was experienced at the
three depths sampled. BOD remained fairly constant, declining dur-
ing the last 12 hours some 0.75 MG/L. SWL was somewhat erratic while
increasing from approximately 60 to 75 ppm.
In studying the data obtained on this survey, there appears to be
little, if any, correlation between the tidal stage and the water
quality as measured during the survey.
General
The pH measurements were not plotted or considered in the above dis-
cussion due to the numerous breakdowns and difficulties experienced
with the field meter during the surveys.
A summary of the mean DO, BOD, and SWL data taken on the three sur-
veys is plotted in Figures 1 and 2.
-------
-------
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-------
JUNE 22-23 SURVEY
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PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEY
June 22-23, 1961
SP&S R.R. BRIDGE
Time
0900
1100
1300
1500
1700
1900
2100
2300
0100
0300
0500
0700
Temp
°C
s
21.0
22.0
23.5
24.0
24.0
24.0
22.5
22.5
21.5
21.5
21.0
21.0
M
20.0
20.0
22.0
22.5
22.5
22.0
21.0
20.0
20.0
20.5
20.0
20.5
PH
S
7.8
6.2
6.2
6.2
6.1
6.1
M
"~
6.4
6.3
6.8
6.3
6.3
6.1
5.6
5.9
D.O.
(PPM)
S
4.0
8.6
4.3
2.2
4.4
3.95
4.0
4.3
4.2
3.9
3.8
3.75
M
3.1
3.2
2.2
2.9
3.0
3.1
3.45
2.8
3.8
3.9
3.2
3.0
B.O.D.
(PPM)
0.76
1.04
1.18
1.28
1.47
1.40
1.32
0.86
1.87
1.38
1.12
1.22
S.W.L.
(PPM)
146
152
122
148
150
144
142
150
154
148
144
141
Cond.
frnnho's)
cut
78
80
90
82
73
80
75
77
74
74
76
80
Temp °C, pH, and D.0.(PPM)"were taken at surface and mid-depth.
B.0.D.(PPM), S .W .L.(PPM), and Cond. were taken at mid-depth only.
-------
PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEY
June 22-23, 1961
STEEL BRIDGE
Time
09:00
11:00
13:00
15:00
17:00
19:00
21:00
23:00
01:00
03:00
05:00
07:00
Temp
°C
S
21
22
23.5
24
24.5
24
23
22
21.5
21
21.5
21.0
M
21
22
23.5
23.5
23
23
21.5
19.5
21.0
18
18.0
18.0
P
S
6.3
6.2
6.4
5.9
6.0
5.9
H
M
6.6
6.4
6.2
6.3
6.2
6.0
5.9
5.9
D.O.
(PPM)
S
3.5
3.5
3.4
3.8
4.4
4.6
4.8
4.3
3.7
3.7
3.4
3.75
M
3.5
3.4
3.5
3.0
2.8
3.0
2.8
4.6
3.0
3.75
2.5
2.0
B.O.D.
(PPM)
1.30
1.54
1.78
1.52
1.58
1.67
1.82
3.90
1.63
1.67
• .88
1.08
S.W.L.
(PPM)
144
146
142
149
147
145
135
78
-
75
72
84
Cond.
(« mho's)
cm
80
75
76
75
73
74
73
83
-
88
87
79
Temp °C, pH, and D.O.(PPM) were taken at surface and mid-depth.
B.O.D.(PPM), S.W.L.(PPM), and Cond. were taken at mid-depth only.
-------
PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEY
June 22-23, 1961
STAFF JENNINGS
Time
0900
1100
1300
1500
1700
1900
2100
2300
0100
0300
0500
0700
Temp
OC
S
23.0
24.0
24.0
24.0
24.0
22.0
22.0
21.5
21.0
21.0
21.0
M
22.0
23.0
24.0
24.0
23.0
23.0
22.0
21.5
21.5
21.0
21.0
21.0
PH
S
6.5
7.2
6.4
6.2
6.3
5.8
6.2
M
6.8
6.4
6.4
7.0
6.3
6.1
5.8
6.1
6.1
D.O.
(PPM)
S
4.1
3.9
4.7
4.35
5.2
5.8
5.0
5.2
4.8
4.75
4.4
4.6
M
4.0
3.8
3.9
4.0
3.8
3.8
5.0
-
6.6
4.4
4.5
3.9
B.O.D.
(PPM)
1.78
1.82
1.73
1.85
1.88
1.17
2.73
-
3.86
1.50
1.57
2.17
S.W.L.
(PPM)
111
119
113
120
110
111
118
96
98
91
92
-
Cond.
("mho ' B)
cm
70
81
78
79
75
70
70
70
70
67
72
-
Temp °C, pH, and D.O.(PPM) were taken at surface and mid-depth.
B.O.D.(PPM), S.W.L.(PPM), and Cond. were taken at mid-depth only.
-------
JULY 27-28 SURVEY
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PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEY
July 27-28, 1961
SP&S R.R. BRIDGE
Time
0610
0807
1010
1200
1415
1600
1809
2006
2217
2400
0135
0325
Temp
°C
S
21.2
22.1
22.5
23.4
24.2
23.9
24.1
23.3
22.8
22.4
22.8
22.7
M
21.1
22.3
22.5
23.0
23.3
23.2
23.2
22.9
22.8
22.7
22.8
22.7
B
20.5
22.8
22.6
22.9
pH
S
6.6
6.7
6.6
6.6
6.3
6.2
6.2
M
6.6
6.7
6.6
6.6
6.7
6.3
6.2
B
6.8
6.5
DO
(PPM)
S
3.15
2.80
2.90
4.10
3.40
3.25
3.70
3.5
2.80
3.20
2.5
2.8
M
2.90
2.70
2.70
2.77
2.80
2.87
2.67
2.68
2.93
3.50
2.9
2.7
B
3.67
2.50
2.80
1.80
BOD
(PPM)
1.9
1.6
1.6
2.1
1.7
2.8
2.2
SWL
(PPM)
76
74
79
78
87
83
84
82
83
77
80
81
Temp °C, pH,
BOD(PPM) and
and DO(PPM) were taken at surface, mid-depth and bottom.
SWL(PPM) were taken at mid-depth only.
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PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEY
July 27-28, 1961
STEEL BRIDGE
Time
0650
0845
1045
1300
1455
1622
1834
2028
2242
0025
0200
0345
Temp
°C
s
22.2
21.5
22.7
23.1
23.5
23.5
23.5
22.8
22.5
22.3
22.5
22.6
M
21.2
22.2
22.3
23.0
23.2
23.1
22.9
22.8
22.6
22.6
22.8
22.6
B
21.5
22.8
23.0
22.9
pH
S
6.7
6.6
6.7
6.7
6.6
6.7
6.4
6.4
M
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.6
6.6
6.5
6.6
B
6.7
6.6
DO
(PPM)
S
3.48
3.50
3.80
4.35
4.60
4.81
4.67
4.20
4.0
4.20
3.9
4.4
M
3.55
3.50
3.90
4.0
3.05
4.05
3.9
3.80
4.10
4.2
3.8
3.8
B
3.40
4.10
3.6
3.7
BOD
(PPM)
1.9
2.3
2.2
2.5
2.2
2.9
3.1
SWL
(PPM)
82
88
88
80
84
86
87
82
88
96
92
86
Temp °C, pH, and DO(PPM) were taken at surface, mid-depth and bottom.
BOD(PPM) and SWL(PPM) were taken at mid-depth only.
-------
PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEY
July 27-28. 1961
STAFF JENNINGS
Time
0730
0925
1130
1325
1520
1720
1930
2115
2320
0045
0215
0400
Temp
°C
S
22.2
21.5
23.0
23.0
23.5
23.6
23.3
22.9
22.6
22.8
22.7
22.6
M
22.2
22.8
22.7
23.0
23.3
23.2
22.9
22.8
22.9
22.7
22.9
22.7
B
22.3
23.0
23.0
23.1
PH
S
4.
6.7
6.7
6.6
6.7
6.4
6.6
6.5
6.5
M
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.3
6.6
6.5
6.5
B
6.6
6.6
DO
(PPM)
S
3.95
3.90
4.13
4.35
4.65
5.03
4.62
4.50
3.60
3.9
4.0
3.1
M
3.98
4.00
4.10
4.10
4.12
4.30
2.7
4.20
4.40
4.2
4.0
4.0
B
4.05
4.15
4.12
4.1
BOD
(PPM)
1.9
2.2
2.7
2.8
2.7
3.3
2.4
SWL
(PPM)
76
92
91
106
98
93
94
93
95
93
75
92
Temp °C, pH, and DO (PPM) were taken at surface, mid-depth and bottom.
BOD(PPM) and SWL(PPM) were taken at mid-depth only.
-------
AUGUST 9-10 SURVEY
-------
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-------
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-------
PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEY
August 9-10, 1961
SP&S R.R. BRIDGE
Time
0615
0745
0930
1125
1325
1530
1730
1930
2130
0045
0325
0538
Temp
°r
° i
s
21.9
22.4
22.3
22.5
23.1
24.5
23.5
23.5
23.0
22.8
22.4
22.3
M
21.9
22.5
22.6
22.1
22.8
23.2
23.3
23.0
23.0
22.5
22.7
22.7
B
22.6
22.6
23.0
22.7
22.7
pH
S
6.6
6.5
6.6
6.4
6.9
7.0
7.1
7.0
6.8
8.8
6.5
5.3
M
6.7
6.4
6.5
6.3
6.9
7.2
7.2
7.1
6.9
6.6
5.8
5.4
B
6.7
6.4
7.2
6.6
5.3
DO
(PPM)
S
2.45
2.30
2.50
2.50
2.30
2.62
2.60
2.90
2.62
3.30
1.95
2.08
M
2.60
2.30
2.40
2.24
2.38
2.20
2.33
2.15
2.43
2.28
2.15
2.42
B
2.55
2.11
2.10
2.17
2.18
BOD
(PPM)
1.53
1.51
1.78
1.42
1.07
SWL
(PPM)
59
60
73
41
73
38
78
76
82
75
76
76
Temp C, pH,
BOD(PPM) and
and DO(PPM) were taken at
SWL(PPM) were taken at mid
surface, mid-depth and bottom.
-depth only.
-------
PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEY
August 9-10, 1961
STEEL BRIDGE
Time
0645
0805
0950
1150
1350
1600
1810
2000
2200
0120
0355
0605
Temp
°C
S
22.1
22.2
22.2
22.3
22.8
23.3
23.3
23.1
22.9
22.6
22.4
22.2
M
21.9
22.5
22.5
22.3
22.8
22.9
23.2
23.0
22.9
22.8
22.6
22.7
B
22.4
22.6
22.9
22.8
22.5
PH
S
6.5
6.6
6.8
6.6
6.6
7.3
7.2
7.2
6.9
6.5
6.2
4.8
M
6.6
6.4
6.6
6.5
6.5
7.3
7.2
7.2
6.9
6.6
5.9
5.3
B
6.5
6.6
7.1
7.0
5.3
DO
(PPM)
S
3.55
3.30
3.30
3.25
3.30
3.45
3.40
3.30
3.25
3.40
2.80
2.67
M
3.50
3.38
3.25
3.22
3.00
2.95
2.98
2.90
2.75
3.13
3.20
2.58
B
3.35
3.10
2.95
3.15
2.80
BOD
(PPM)
1.53
1.65
1.62
2.70
1.74
SWL
(PPM)
53
64
65
70
76
88
65
88
76
86
84
89
Temp °C, pH, and DO(PPM) were taken at surface, mid-depth and bottom.
BOD(PPM) AND SWL(PPM) were taken at mid-depth only.
-------
PORTLAND HARBOR SURVEY
August 9-10, 1961
STAFF JENNINGS
Time
0710
0825
1020
1215
1420
1630
1830
2030
2225
0150
0430
0630
Temp
°C
S
22.3
22.3
22.2
22.3
22.8
23.4
23.4
23.0
22.7
22.7
22.4
22.3
M
22.4
22.5
22.4
22.3
22.7
23.0
23.1
22.9
22.7
22.8
22.6
22.7
B
22.7
22.5
23.0
22.8
22.7
PH
S
6.6
6.6
6.7
6.6
6.7
7.4
7.2
7.0
6.6
6.7
5.5
4.9
M
6.7
6.5
6.6
6.8
6.9
7.3
7.2
6.8
6.8
6.9
5.8
5.3
B
6.7
6.8
7.3
6.9
5.5
DO
(PPM)
S
4.12
4.05
4.40
4.30
3.50
5.35
5.00
5.25
4.85
4.03
4.80
4.83
M
3.88
4.02
4.35
4.30
4.65
4.75
4.62
4.65
4.73
4.80
4.80
4.77
B
4.00
4.45
4.40
4.47
4.57
BOD
(PPM)
2.08
1.39
4.80
1.63
3.38
SWL
(PPM)
54
43
45
42
47
45
48
42
30
38
38
38
Temp °C, pH, and DO (PPM) were taken at surface, mid-depth and bottom.
BOD (PPM) and SWL (PPM) were taken at mid-depth only.
------- |