ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
            OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT




                                 ,
                               B  r
                   REPORT ON
                                        •
         WATER  QUALITY INVESTIGATIONS




    SNAKE  RIVER  AND  PRINCIPAL TRIBUTARIES
                    FROM
       WALTERS  FERRY TO WEISER, IDAHO
                                        .




        .




NATIONAL FIELD INVESTIGATIONS CENTER-DENVER
              DENVER.COLORADO

            .
               •
              •
AND
                                      -
                                      -

         REGION X, SEATTLE,WASHINGTON
                 FEBRUARY 1973
                                        /ATE]

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        ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AHENCY
             OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
                   Report on

         WATER QUALITY INVESTIGATIONS
                      OF
     SNAKE RIVER AND PRINCIPAL TRIBUTARIES
WALTERS FERRY TO DOWNSTREAM FROM WEISER, IDAHO
  National Field Investigations Center-Denver
               Denver, Colorado
                      and
         Region X, Seattle, Washington

                 February 1973

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                          TABLE OF CONTENTS


                                                                  Page

LIST OF TABLES	     iv

LIST OF FIGURES	     iv

LIST OF APPENDICES	     v

LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES	     v

LIST OF APPENDICES FIGURES	    viii

GLOSSARY OF TERMS	     ix


I.   INTRODUCTION	      1

II.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS	      5

III. DESCRIPTION OF AREA	     13

IV.  STREAM SURVEY	     15

     A.  INDIAN CREEK	     15
     B.  BOISE RIVER	     18
     C.  PAYETTE RIVER	     24
     D.  SNAKE RIVER	     24

V.   WASTE-SOURCE EVALUATIONS	     31

     A.  INTRODUCTION	     31
     B.  IMPACT OF THE FWPCA AMENDMENTS OF 1972	     32
     C.  WASTEWATER DISCHARGES TO INDIAN CREEK	     33
     D.  WASTEWATER DISCHARGES TO THE BOISE RIVER	     36
     E.  WASTEWATER DISCHARGES TO THE PAYETTE RIVER	     39
     F.  WASTEWATER DISCHARGES TO THE SNAKE RIVER	     40

     REFERENCES	     42
                                 iii

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                           LIST OF TABLES


Table No.                                                         Page

    1          EFFECT OF J. R.  SIMPLOT COMPANY WASTE
                 DISCHARGE ON WATER QUALITY,  BOISE RIVER,
                 NOVEMBER 4-10, 1971	     22
                           LIST OF FIGURES

                                                                 Follows
Figure No.                                                        Page

    1          Sampling Locations  - Snake River and               Inside
                 Tributaries (1971)   	  back cover

    2          Bacterial Densities (Arithmetic Mean),
                 Indian Creek,  Idaho.   November, 1971   ....     16

    3          Bacterial Densities (Arithmetic Mean),
                 Payette River, Idaho.   November,  1971 ....     20

    4          Algae (Chlorophyll  a)  and Biomass (Volatile
                 Solids) Boise  River, Idaho.   November, 1971 .     20

    5          Rainbow Trout Flavor Test Results,  Boise
                 River, Idaho.   November, 1971 	     20

    6          Rainbow Trout Flavor Test Results,  Snake
                 River, November,  1971	     26

    7          Bacterial Densities (Arithmetic Mean),
                 Snake River, October-November, 1971	     26

    8          Algae (Chlorophyll  a)  and Biomass (Volatile
                 Solids) Snake  River, November, 1971  	     26
                                 iv

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                         LIST OF APPENDICES


Appendix

   A         EXTRACTS FROM IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

   B         EXTRACTS FROM OREGON WATER QUALITY STANDARDS

   C         STUDY METHODS

   D         LIST OF STREAM STATIONS

   E         FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL ANALYSES
               STREAM SURVEY

   F         BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS

   G         AQUATIC GROWTHS

   H         FISH

   I         BENTHOS

   J         DATA FROM WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS

   K         EFFLUENT GUIDELINES FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER
               DISCHARGES
                      LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES
Table No.
   D-l
   E-l
   E-2
STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS IN THE SNAKE RIVER
  AND PRINCIPAL TRIBUTARIES IDAHO-OREGON

SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL
  ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS ON INDIAN
  CREEK, NOVEMBER 4-10, 1971

SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL
  ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE BOISE
  RIVER, NOVEMBER 4-10, 1971
Page


D-l



E-l



E-2

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                  LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES (Cont.)
Table No.                                                         Page

   E-3       SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS  AND CHEMICAL
               ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE
               PAYETTE RIVER, NOVEMBER 4-10, 1971                 E-4

   E-4       SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS  AND CHEMICAL
               ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS SNAKE RIVER
               BASIN - WALTERS FERRY TO DOWNSTREAM FROM
               WEISER, IDAHO, OCTOBER 27-NOVEMBER 2,  1971         E-5

   F-l       RESULTS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT
               SELECTED STATIONS  INDIAN CREEK STREAM  SURVEY
               NOVEMBER 4-10, 1971                                 F-l

   F-2       RESULTS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT
               SELECTED STATIONS  BOISE RIVER STREAM SURVEY
               NOVEMBER 4-10, 1971                                 F-2

   F-3       RESULTS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT
               SELECTED STATIONS  PAYETTE RIVER STREAM
               SURVEY, NOVEMBER 4-10,  1971                         F-3

   F-4       RESULTS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT
               SELECTED STATIONS  SNAKE RIVER BASIN STREAM
               SURVEY, OCTOBER 27-NOVEMBER  2, 1971                F-4

   F-5       SAU40MLLA ISOLATIONS  FOR SNAKE AND BOISE
               RIVERS, OCTOBER 27-NOVEMBER  10,  1971               F-6

   G-l       AQUATIC GROWTHS FROM ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRACTS,
               BOISE RIVER,  OCTOBER 18-NOVEMBER 10, 1971          G-l

   G-2       AQUATIC GROWTHS FROM ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRACTS,
               SNAKE RIVER,  OCTOBER 18-NOVEMBER 10, 1971          G-2

   H-l       ELECTROFISHING  RESULTS,  BOISE  RIVER
               (RM 58.2 to 0.1)
               OCTOBER-NOVEMBER,  1971                             H-l

   H-2       CHECKLIST OF FISHES, BOISE RIVER
               (RM 58.2 to 0.1)                                    H-2

   H-3       RAINBOW TROUT FLAVOR TEST RESULTS  BOISE  RIVER,
               IDAHO, NOVEMBER, 1971                              H-4
                                vi

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                  LIST OF APPENDICES TABLES (Cont.)


Table No.                                                         Page
   H-4       CHECKLIST OF SNAKE RIVER FISHES
               (RM 442.5 to 351.3)                                 H-5

   H-5       RAINBOW TROUT FLAVOR TEST RESULTS  SNAKE RIVER,
               IDAHO, NOVEMBER, 1971                              H-6

   1-1       BENTHOS, INDIAN CREEK  OCTOBER-NOVEMBER, 1971
               (NUMBERS PER SQUARE  FOOT)                           1-1

   1-2       BENTHOS, BOISE RIVER OCTOBER-NOVEMBER,  1971
               (NUMBERS PER SQUARE  FOOT)                           1-3

   1-3       BENTHOS, SNAKE RIVER OCTOBER-NOVEMBER,  1971           1-5

   1-4       BENTHOS, SELECTED TRIBUTARIES  OF THE SNAKE
               RIVER BASIN OCTOBER-NOVEMBER,  1971
               (NUMBERS PER SQUARE  FOOT)                           1-7

   J-l       SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL  RESULTS-MUNICIPAL WASTE
               SOURCE EVALUATIONS SNAKE RIVER AND ITS
               TRIBUTARIES OCTOBER  18-25,  1971                     J-l

   J-2       SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES  MUNICIPAL
               WASTE DISCHARGES SNAKE RIVER AND ITS
               TRIBUTARIES OCTOBER  18-25,  1971                     J-2

   J-3       FINDINGS OF MUNICIPAL  WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS
               SNAKE RIVER AND ITS  TRIBUTARIES
               OCTOBER 18-25,  1971                                 J-3

   J-4       SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL  RESULTS-EFFLUENTS FROM
               INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES SNAKE RIVER  AND ITS
               TRIBUTARIES OCTOBER  18-NOVEMBER  8, 1971             J-5

   J-5       SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES-EFFLUENTS
               FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES  SNAKE RIVER AND
               ITS TRIBUTARIES OCTOBER 18-NOVEMBER 8, 1971         J-7

   J-6       FINDINGS OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE  SOURCE  EVALUATIONS
               SNAKE RIVER AND ITS  TRIBUTARIES
               OCTOBER 18-NOVEMBER  8, 1971                         J-8
                                 vii

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                     LIST OF APPENDICES FIGURE

                                                                 Follows
Figure No.                                                         Page

   C-l       Artificial Substrate Assembly                        C-4
                                viii

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                     GLOSSARY OF TERMS



BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand, 5-Day

COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand

DO - Dissolved Oxygen

Kj - Kjeldahl Nitrogen as Nitrogen

LWK - Live Weight Killed

NH  - Ammonia as Nitrogen

NO  - NO  - Nitrite-Nitrate as Nitrogen

RM - river mileage

Total P - Total Phosphorus

TOC - Total Organic Carbon

TSS - Total Suspended Solids

WTP - Wastewater Treatment Plant



cfs - flow rate given in cubic feet per second

gpm - flow rate given in gallons per minute

mgd - flow rate given in million gallons per day

mg/1 - concentration given in milligrams per liter

ymhos/cm - unit of specific conductance (mho — the inverse of
           the standard unit of electrical resistance, the ohm)
           measured over a 1-centimeter distance, conventionally
           made at 25°C
                            ix

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                          I..  INTRODUCTION







     During the period 1964-1968 the Northwest Regional Office of the




Federal Water Pollution Control Administration (FWPCA) conducted a study




of water quality and pollution sources in the entire Snake River Basin.




The objectives of the study were to determine the magnitude as well as




sources of pollution and to develop water quality control and management




programs for the Snake River Basin.  Supplementary data were obtained




from various local, State, and Federal agencies.




     The FWPCA office compiled data from previous studies and prepared




a report—  that outlined the problems associated with fish kills, algal




blooms, bacterial contamination, thermal discharges, radioactive wastes,




and pesticide contamination.  Detailed conclusions were drawn and specific




recommendations made for needed State and Federal actions.  Waters of the




study area were impaired for beneficial uses by the increasing pollution




from industrial, municipal, and agricultural sources.  The primary reason




given for the gain in water pollution was poor management of various im-




poundments that drastically modified natural flow patterns and impaired




assimilation of wastes.  While secondary treatment, or its equivalent,




would enhance water quality, maintenance of minimum stream flow was




essential to proper, water quality management.  As a result of this




study and of implementation of water quality standards, there has been




limited improvement in wastewater treatment.




     At the request of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region X,




the EPA National Field Investigations Center-Denver (NFIC-D) conducted




waste-source evaluations and a water-quality and biological study of the

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Snake River and principal tributaries between Walters Ferry (RM 442.5)




and Weiser, Idaho (RM 350.3) [Figure 1,  inside back cover].  The investi-




gations were carried out from October 18 to November 10, 1971.




     The tributaries evaluated include:  Indian Creek, from upstream of




Nampa to the Boise River; the Boise River,  from upstream of Boise to its




mouth; and the Payette River, from upstream of Emmett to its mouth.




     The objectives were:




     1.  To determine whether interstate pollution occurs between Idaho




         and Oregon;




     2.  To evaluate water pollution control practices at principal




         industrial and municipal x^aste  sources and to determine waste




         loads discharged;




     3.  To ascertain whether municipal  and industrial waste discharges




         are in compliance with applicable  water quality standards and




         regulations;




     4.  To determine the effects of industrial and municipal waste dis-




         charges to water quality and the aquatic biota;




     5.  To determine whether enteric pathogens contaminate these waters;




     6.  To provide a basis for evaluation  of Refuse Act Permit appli-




         cations; and




     7.  To determine the need for abatement measures.




     Water quality and biological conditions observed during the stream




survey are discussed in Section V.   Waste source evaluations and pol-




lution abatement needs are discussed in  Section VI.  [Water quality




standards established by Idaho and Oregon for the Snake River and its




tributaries are summarized in Appendices A  and B, respectively.  Study

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methods and sampling locations are discussed in Appendices C and D,




respectively.  Physical, chemical, bacteriological, and biological data




are presented in Appendices E through I.  Waste source data are summarized




in Appendix J.  Proposed effluent guidelines for the major industrial




waste categories relevant to this study are listed in Appendix K.]




     The Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 were




enacted subsequent to the completion of the survey and preparation of




the draft report.  The document has, accordingly, been extensively re-




vised to reflect the requirements of the 1972 Amendments.




     Additional studies by EPA Region X and the Idaho State Board of




Health are under way at this time.  These studies may indicate that




treatment requirements more stringent than those suggested herein, may




be necessary in order to protect the receiving waters for their desig-




nated uses.




     The cooperation of personnel of City, State, and Federal agencies,




and industries, in supplying information and assistance is gratefully




acknowledged.

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                    II.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS







     1.  Stream surveys, conducted from October 18 to November 10, 1971,




on the Snake River from Walters Ferry (RM 442.5) to Weiser, Idaho (RN




350.0), revealed that water upstream of the Boise River (RM 391.3) was




relatively unpolluted; however, bacterial standards were violated.  In




the reacli of the Snake River between the mouth of the Boise River and




Weiser, gross violations of the Idaho and Oregon Water Quality Standards




that are applicable to the interstate waters of the Snake River were




documented.




     2.  Downstream from the Boise River (RM 391.3) the water quality of




the Snake River was degraded.  Blue-green algae and slime growths were




present because of excessive nutrient levels.  While total-coliform




bacterial densities increased 15-fold above levels upstream of the Boise




River, fecal-coliform bacterial densities increased by more than a factor




of 1,000; Salmonella, a pathogenic microorganism, was isolated.  Coliform




bacteria, discharged by municipalities and industries on the Boise River




and Indian Creek, contributed to violations of Idaho and Oregon Water




Quality Standards that are applicable to the interstate waters of the




Snake River.




     3.  The Amalgamated Sugar Company at Nyssa, Oregon (RM 389.0), dis-




charged untreated wastes containing an average BOD load of 13,800 Ib/day




(2.1 Ib/ton of sugar beets), and excessive numbers of coliform bacteria




were noted.  This discharge greatly exceeded the waste loads that are




permitted by the effluent guidelines proposed for the sugar beet industry




[Appendix K],  The discharge also violated Oregon Water Quality Standards

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that require secondary treatment  or the Industrial  equivalent (85 percent




removal of BOD and TSS).   The numbers  of coliform bacteria that were dis-




charged contributed to the violation of Oregon and  Idaho bacterial cri-




teria applicable to the interstate  waters of the Snake River.  Company




officials should be formally advised that permit conditions include




limitations of BOD and suspended  solids discharges  each to 0.5 Ib/ton




of beets processed, requirement for disinfection, and  may require con-




tainment during low-flow  periods.




     A.  The quality of the Snake River water improved in the reach up-




stream of Ontario, Oregon, but was  again degraded by waste discharges in




the Ontario area.




     5.  The waste discharged from  ORE-IDA Foods, Inc.  (RM 370.0) con-




tained a BOD of approximately 5,000 Ib/day (6.2 Ib/ton of vegetables).




This discharge exceeded waste loads permitted by the proposed effluent




guidelines for the fruit  and vegetable canning and  preserving industry.




Moreover, this discharge  violates the  provision of  the Oregon Water




Quality Standards that requires secondary treatment or the industrial




equivalent (85 percent removal of BOD  and TSS).  Numbers of coliform




bacteria that were discharged contributed to the violation of Idaho and




Oregon bacterial criteria applicable to the interstate waters of the




Snake River.  Company officials should be advised that the permit con-




ditions for ORE-IDA Foods, Incorporated will be those  provided by




Schedule A, for the Canning, Preserved and Frozen Foods Processing




Industry [Appendix K], and that disinfection of the effluent will be




required.

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     6.  Treatment and disinfection of municipal wastewaters by the City




of Ontario were found .to be adequate.




     7.  The Cities of Weiser and Payette, Idaho, provide only primary




treatment of domestic wastes, thereby violating the Idaho Water Quality




Standards requirements for "highest and best practicable treatment and




control."  City officials should be advised that Federal regulations are




to be published requiring secondary treatment and disinfection by publicly




owned wastewater treatment plants.




     8.  In the reach downstream from Weiser the water quality of the




river was similar to that observed in the unpolluted upper portion of




the study area.




     9.  The waters of Indian Creek upstream of Namna, Idaho, were




moderately degraded by wastes discharged from the Armour Heat Packing




Company (RH 11.9)  which discharged 92 pounds of BOD/day, equivalent to




0.22 lb/1,000 Ib Live Weight Killed (LWK).  This discharge of BOD exceeds




the waste loads that are permitted by the proposed effluent guidelines




(0.17 Ib BOD/1,000 Ib LWK).  The discharge also violates Idaho Water




Quality Standards that require secondary treatment or the industrial




equivalent (85 percent removal of BOD and TSS).  Densities of coliform




bacteria contained in the Armour effluent contributed to violations of




the bacterial criteria that are applicable to Indian Creek and the




Boise River.  Studies currently in progress may indicate the need for




containment and/or re-use of this wastewater.




     10.  The Nampa municipal wastewater treatment plant, during the time




of the survey, was the principal source of the pollution of Indian Creek.

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The plant was organically overloaded  because of inadequately pretreated




industrial waste loads.  This plant was  removing only 72 percent of the




influent BOD load.  Excessive numbers of total- and  fecal-coliform bacteria,




1,200,000 and 96,000/100 ml, respectively, were being discharged to Indian




Creek.  The discharge of inadequately treated and poorly disinfected




municipal and industrial waste caused violations of  the Idaho Water




Quality Standards pertaining to turbidity, odors, sludge banks,  dissolved




oxygen, bacteria, and to the requirement for "highest and best practicable




treatment and control."  Bacterial contamination also contributed to




violations of the bacterial standards for the Boise  River and for the




interstate waters of the Snake River.  In order to comply with appli-




cable water quality standards, as indicated  by the results of this




survey, the City of Nampa must provide a very high degree of removal




of BOD and TSS.   Preliminary, computer-model results, based on the best




available hydrologic information, indicate that the  necessary treatment




level will require an alternative comparable to complete containment and




re-use of wastewaters,  change in the  point of effluent discharge, or inter-




ception and treatment at the Caldwell Wastewater Treatment Plant (WTP).




This type of treatment  measure is necessary  to prevent water-quality




degradation of Indian Creek during periods of low flow.




     11.  Boise  River,  upstream of Boise, Idaho, was  of good water quality.




Downstream from the city of Boise discharges of municipal and industrial




wastewaters, plus inflow from Indian  Creek,  caused violations of dis-




solved oxygen and bacterial standards.

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     12.  The Boise (municipal) WTP provided marginally adequate treat-




ment; disinfection was not adequate.  City officials should be advised




that Federal regulations are expected to limit fecal-coliform bacterial




densities in the discharge to weekly and monthly averages of 400 and




200 per 100 ml, respectively.




     13.  Treatment and disinfection of municipal and industrial waste-




waters by the Caldwell WTP was inadequate.  The BOD removal was approxi-




mately 68 percent; the effluent contained levels of total- and fecal-




coliform bacteria of 18,000 and 1,100/100 ml, respectively.  Therefore,




the discharge from this plant violated Idaho Water Quality Standards




pertaining to bacterial densities and treatment levels.  In order




to comply with applicable water-quality standards the results of this




survey indicate that the City of Caldwell must provide a high degree




of removal of BOD and TSS.  To prevent water-quality degradation the




Idaho State Board of Health is recommending that the effluent discharged




from the Caldwell WTP contain no more than 1,000 Ib/day of BOD.  To




attain this level of treatment may require complete containment and




re-use of wastewnters.  City officials should be advised that dis-




infection must be provided such that the total-coliform bacterial den-




sities do not exceed 1,000/100 ml, and the fecal-coliform bacterial den-




sities do not exceed weekly and monthly averages of 400 and 200/100 ml,




respectively.  Further, ordinance(s) must be enacted to implement Federal




regulations pertaining to pretreatment of industrial wastewaters dis-




charged to publicly owned wastewater treatment systems, and that a




schedule, acceptable to State and Federal authorities, must be developed




to attain compliance with the ordinance(s).

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     14.  Wastewaters discharged  by  the J.  R.  Simplot  Company potato-




processing plant contained an average BOD  load of  30,800  Ib/day




(13.7 Ib/ton of raw potatoes),  thus  greatly exceeding  effluent loads




permitted by the proposed effluent guidelines  [Appendix K],   This




discharge caused violations of  the DO standards for  the Boise River.




The effluent contained very high  levels of  total-  and  fecal-coliform




bacteria, 1,500,000 and 64,000  per 100 ml,  respectively,  contributing




to violations of bacterial standards in the Boise  and  Snake  Rivers.




Attainment of effluent quality  prescribed by the effluent guidelines




cannot be expected to protect water  quality in Indian  Creek.   Addi-




tional treatment or containment/re-use will be required.




     15.  The Garden City and Meridian municipal wastewater  treatment




plants attained BOD removals of 33 and 63 percent, respectively.   Dis-




infection, by the Garden City WTP was inadequate.  City officials should




be advised that disinfection must limit total-coliform bacterial  densities




to 1,000 per 100 ml and fecal-coliform bacterial densities to weekly and




monthly averages of 400 and 200 per  100 ml, respectively. Studies now




in progress could require that  these communities provide  additional




treatment to protect water quality of the receiving  stream.




     16.  The Triangle Dairy discharged wastewater to  the Boise River




through a drainage ditch.  Levels of total- and fecal-coliform bacteria




present in the effluent were 3,300,000 and  7,700/100 ml,  respectively.




This discharge contributes to violations of the bacterial criteria




for the Boise and Snake Rivers.  Adequate  disinfection or containment




is required in order to eliminate this standards violation.
                                 10

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     17.  Discharge, by the. Boise-Cascade Corporation, of untreated waste-




waters to the Payette River violates the Idaho Water Quality Standards




requirement for "highest and best practicable treatment and control."  The




small quantity of wastewater involved suggests containment or re-use.
                                   11

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                    III. DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA





     Headwaters of the Snake River are in the high, rugged Teton Mountains




of northern Wyoming.  The river flows in a southwesterly curving arc




across southern Idaho to the Oregon border, near its confluence with the




Boise River.  At this point the Snake turns north and forms the Oregon-




Idaho boundary for 216 miles.  From the northeast corner of Oregon to




Lewiston, Idaho, this river forms the Washington-Idaho boundary and then




turns west to join the Columbia River.  The Snake River is the largest




tributary of the Columbia River, with a total length of 1,038 miles,




draining an area of 109,000 square miles.




     The study area [Figure 1, inside back cover], i.e. the Snake River




Plain, is characterized by gently rolling hills.  Until the widespread




use of irrigation this plain was semi-arid; today it has been transformed




into a highly productive farming area.  The flood plain and valleys formed




by the Boise, Payette, and Weiser Rivers are used extensively for farming




and ranching.  Crops produced include potatoes, onions, sugar beets,




beans, alfalfa, wheat, and hay.  Truck and fruit farming flourish along




the Idaho-Oregon border.  Beef and dairy cattle and sheep are raised




extensively.




     Although the economy of the area in primarily agricultural, indus-




trialization is expanding rapidly, with accompanying growth of urban areas,




The principal urban centers in the study area arc: Boise, Idaho with a




population of approximately 00,0^0: Nanpa, Idaho, with 21,000; Caldwell,




Idaho, with 14,000: Ontario and Nyssa, Oregon, with a combined population




of 9,100; and Payette, Idaho, with 4,500.  The development has resulted in




an expanded and intensified use of the Snake River and its principal tri-




butaries, particularly the Boise River.





                                  13

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                         IV.  STREAM SURVEY



A.  INDIAN CREEK


     Indian Creek, a tributary of the Boise River, originates south of


Boise, Idaho.  The upper reach of the creek is impounded by the Indian


Creek Reservoir.  Downstream from the dam the stream flows northwest


past the towns of Nampa and Caldwell, Idaho, to its confluence with the


Boise River.

                                                             A
     Upstream of the Armour T'eat Packing Company, at RM 11.9,  the BOD


values and TOC concentrations x^ere moderately high [Table E-l], as expected


in an agricultural area.  Dissolved oxygen ranged between 8.8 and 10.8 mg/l


(SO to 109 percent saturation), exceeding the DO criterion (75 percent


saturation) established by Idaho.  The stream bottom was sandy and free


from sludee.   The benthos reflected these conditions of good, but slightly


enriched, water quality.  Organic pollution-sensitive mayflies and caddis-


flies were common in the diverse benthic community, which also contained


organisms that prefer an enriched environment [Table I-ll.


     Downstream at RM 11.2, the Armour Meat Packing Company discharged un-


treated cooling water directly to Indian Creek.  Process waste was treated


in a two-cell lagoon prior to discharge.  The combined load discharged to


the creek averaged 92 Ib BOD/day.  Total- and fecal-coliform bacterial


densities in the discharge averaged 17,000/100 ml and 3,800/100 ml,


respectively.  At RI! 10.4, dissolved oxygen ranged from 8.3 to 10.4 mg/1


(84 percent saturation or better) and TOC values were within the same


range as that recorded upstream from the Armour Company wastewater
* Mileage is measured from the mouth of Indian Creek.
                                  15

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discharge.  The benthos was dominated by pollution-tolerant flatworms and


sludgeworms.  The numbers of benthic organisms  increased moderately to

        2
1,954/ft , and diversity decreased from 14 kinds upstream to nine in this


reach [Table 1-1] .   Water quality in this reach was  judged to be moder-


ately degraded.


     From RM 10.4 to 7.5 Indian Creek flows through  a residential area


of Nampa.  At RM 7.5 the DO levels,  slightly lower than they were upstream,


ranged from 8.2 to 9.4 mg/1 (89-95 percent saturation).  Densities of


total- and fecal-coliform bacteria in this reach were 14,000/100 ml and

           *
350/100 ml,  respectively [Table F-l and Figure 2].   The Idaho standard


for bacteria, applicable to all waters of the State, was violated.  The


Nampa (municipal) Wastewater Treatment Plant discharges treated sewage


and food-processing wastes to Indian Creek at RM 7.4.  Downstream at


RM 5.0 the creek was turbid, gray in color, and smelled of sewage.  The


biochemical oxygen demand averaged 13 mg/1.  Dissolved oxygen concen-


trations decreased to 3.2 mg/1 (34 percent saturation).  Total- and fecal-


coliform bacteria numbered 30,000/100 ml and 900/100 ml, respectively.  The


stream bottom was blanketed with organic sludgebeds  and supported only benthic


organisms tolerant  of organic pollution.   Sludgeworms, numbering over

         2
40,000/ft , constituted more than 99 percent of the  benthos.  The diversity


decreased to only six kinds of tolerant organisms.   Idaho Water Quality


Standards were violated in this severely polluted reach of Indian Creek:


Section 5-B, F, and G, prohibit excessive turbidity, odors, and the buildup
* Except where otherwise noted densities  of  coliform bacteria are expres-
  sed are arthimetic means.
                                  16

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100,000-1
                                                   KEY
                                   TOTAL COLIFORM
                                    FECAL COLIFORM
                                    FECAL STREPTOCOCCI
 10,000-
  1,000-
    100-
           i
          12
10
                                          RIVER MILES
                                                                    VIOLATION OF
                                                                   WATER  QUALITY
                                                                     STANDARDS
                                                                   (1,000 COLI~
                                                                    FORM/100-l)
         Figure 2. Bacterial Densities, (Arithmetic  Mean) Indian Creek, Idaho. November, 1971

-------
of sludgebanks; dissolved oxygen concentrations were consistently lower than


are permitted; and coliform densities exceeded the Idaho maximum criterion.


     Downstream at KM 2.8 Indian Creek waters recovered to some extent from


the damaging effects of wastes discharged at Nampa, although they were


still degraded.  The BOD was 9 mg/1; DO concentrations increased slightly


to a range of 3.6 to 6.4 mg/1 (40 to 65 percent saturation).  The benthic


community was dominated by tolerant sludgeworms and flatworms, but the

                                                            2
density of the organisms decreased drastically to only 64/ft .  Pollution-


sensitive mayflies and caddisflies inhabited the reach, and diversity


increased to 11 kinds [Table 1-1].


     Water quality near the mouth of Indian Creek (RM 0.1) improved but


was still in a degraded condition.  Levels of BOD and TOC decreased to


about 7 and 5 mg/1, respectively, and DO levels increased to more than


75 percent saturation [Table E-l].  Densities of coliform bacteria con-


tinued to be excessive (total coliforms, 18,000/100 ml; fecal coliforms,


2,500/100 ml) in this reach [Table F-l].  Benthos typical of a recovery


zone of an organically polluted stream inhabited this reach.  Sludgeworms


and flatworms were uncommon, their numbers being replaced by blackflies


and midges [Table 1-1].  Pollution-intolerant caddisflies inhabited the

                                                  2
reach; the density of organisms decreased to 53/ft .  Despite these


improvements in the quality of Indian Creek waters, they carried an esti-


mated 10,900 Ib BOD/day to the Boise River.


     No historical, hydrologic records for Indian Creek were available to


indicate low-flow frequencies.  Therefore, present and projected effects


of waste discharges were calculated on the basis of estimated flows.
                                  17

-------
Estimates of waste-load assimilative capacities were made based on best




available hydrologic information.   Preliminary computer model results,




based on estimated flows, indicated that a maximum of 1,000 Ib/day of BOD




can be discharged from this wastewater treatment plant.  Hydrologic




studies should^ be initiated in order to provide the basis for decisions




regarding permitted discharges to  Indian Creek.  Such studies are expected




to indicate that installation of best available treatment, by dischargers




to Indian Creek, will not preclude violations of DO standards (75 percent




saturation) during low-flow periods.  Containment and re-use of waste-




water may be necessary in order to prevent water quality standards




violations.




     In summary, from KM 11.9 to EM 7.5 Indian Creek was moderately degraded




by wastes discharged from the Armour Meat Packing Company and untreated




domestic wastes discharged in Nampa.  Idaho bacterial criteria were




violated at RM 7.5.  From RM 7.5 downstream to RM 2.8, treated domestic and




food-processing wastes discharged  from the municipal wastewater treatment




plant, at Nampa, caused violations of the standards for turbidity, odors,




sludgebanks, dissolved oxygen, and bacteria.   Although the stream assimi-




lated some of the waste load, it contributed nearly 11,000 Ib BOD/day to




the Boise River and also contributed to violations of bacterial standards




in the river.






B.  BOISE RIVER




     The headwaters of this river  are at the confluence of the North, South,




and Middle Forks Rivers.  The Boise River flows west, through the cities of




Boise and Garden City, and continues westward past Caldwell, Notus, and




Parma, Idaho, to join the Snake River downstream from Parma.





                                  18

-------
     During the survey (November 4-10, 1971) stream flows varied  from


106 cfs at RM 52.8 in the city of Boise to 835 cfs at Notus, Idaho


(RM 13.8).  The flow at Boise was 30 percent of the historical average


for October and November, while at Notus it was 30 percent greater  than


this average.  Streamflow in the upper reach is controlled by releases


from both Lucky Peak and Barber reservoirs.  Flows increased downstream


at Notus because of groundwater accretions, irrigation returns, and

                                                     21
waste discharges.  Abnormally high groundwater levels—  at the time of


the survey increased the accretion rate.


     From Eckert Road Bridge (RM 58.2), upstream of Boise, to RM  52.8


the Boise River was clear and of good water quality [Table E-2],  Bacterial


pollution x«is not evident [Table F-2 and Figure 3],  These conditions


favored the development of a benthic community that included pollution-


sensitive mayflies and caddisflies [Table 1-2].  Growths of attached algae


were nominal and no slimes were found [Table G-l and Figure 4],   Rainbow


trout, exposed in cages, acquired no off-flavors and remained palatable


[Table H-3].  A diverse population of game and non-game fish, including


rainbow trout, was collected by electroshocking [Table H-l],


     The effects of the waste discharges in the Boise area were evident


at the Strawberry Glen Bridge (RM 47.1).  The Garden City (RIl 48.0/0.8)


and Boise (RM 49.1) municipal wastewater treatment plants discharged a


combined load of approximately 15,300 Ib BOD/day.  Total phosphorus in-


creased to 0.60 mg/1 in this reach, 15 times the concentration found at


RM 52.8.  Total- and fecal-coliforia bacterial densities were 15,000/100 ml


and 6,600/100 ml, respectively, (in violation of the bacterial standard).
                                  19

-------
Salmonella infantis and S. typhirman-um were isolated at this location.



Dense mats of algae and slime were evident, thus constituting a violation



of Section 5E of the Idaho General Water Quality Standards for Waters of



the State.  The benthic community was rich in kinds (15 types) , but was



dominated by hydropsychid caddisflies (85 percent).  The same types of



fish, including rainbow trout, were found here as at RM 58.2.  Trout,



exposed for palatability tests, were found undesirable for human con-



sumption  [Figure 5].



     There was a partial improvement in water quality downstream from



Star, Idaho (RM 33.9).  Numerous riffles increased the turbulence, and



stream aeration increased (DO ranged between 9.0-13.0 mg/1).  The diver-



sity of the benthic community (14 kinds) remained essentially the same as



that found at the Strawberry Glen Bridge.  However, the total numbers pre-


                               2          2
sent were reduced from 1,468/ft  to 195/ft  because of the significant



reduction in the number of hydropsychids.  Trout exposed at this location



acquired an undesirable taste.



     Near Middleton, Idaho (RM 26.5), the trend toward recovery continued.



Levels of dissolved oxygen remained high, ranging from 9.5 to 14.8 mg/1.



The benthos was similar to that found near the town of Star.  Mountain



whitefish and large-scale suckers were collected by electroshocking.



     Upstream of Caldwell, Idaho (RM 21.8), patches of attached algae,



mixed with slimes, covered portions of the river bed, in violation of



general standards that prohibit slime growths.  Such growths were not



widespread.  The benthos was diverse (15 kinds) , and the density of



organisms remained low.  5.  dublin was isolated at this location.
                                   20

-------
                                       KEY:
                                   TOTAL COLIFORM
10,000-,


1 ODD-
1 f U U U





100-























3


































5















































'

S
s
s
















1
30
I FECAL COLIFORM
•1
1 FECAL STREPTOCOCCI
(J LESS THAN VALUE






























i i i i i
25 20 15 10 5








































































































0




\
VIOLATION OF
WATER QUALITY
STANDARDS
(1,000 COLIFORM/
100ml)

























                                  RIVER  MILES
Figure 3. Bacterial  Densities,(Arithmetic  Mean)Payelte River,Idaho.October-November,1971

-------
     60-<
     50-
     40-
  -1 30-
          KEY:
     CHLOROPHYLL«&(ALGAE]
    3 VOLATILE SOLIDS (BIOMASS)
A  CITY OF BOISE
A CALDWELL  WTP,  SIMPLOT,
    INDIAN CREEK COMPLEX
       6
         40         30
               RIVER MILES
                                                         dl
,'o
                                                     -30
                                                     -20
                                                                            ts>
figure 4.Algae (Chlorophyll^) and Biomass  (Volatile  Solids)  Boise River, Idaho
                                November,  1971

-------
                           KEY:
6-
4-
M
-



















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m
V/^r-
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vssss^





















SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM REFERENCE
NOT SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT FROM REFERENCE

•
















ACCEPTABLE
UNACCEPTABLE

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1 1 1 1 1 1
50 40 30 20 10 0
                                     RIVER  MILES
           Figure 5. Rainbow Trout Flavor Test Results, Roise River, Idaho
                                  November,  1971

-------
Total- and fecal-coliform bacterial densities averaged 2,400/100 ml and




490/100 ml, respectively, a violation of the bacterial criteria.




     At RM 17.7, upstream of the J. R. Simplot potato-processing waste




discharge, water quality was affected by the waste load from the Caldwell




(municipal) WTP (RM 19.8) and the waste inflow from Indian Creek (RM 19.7).




Daily discharges from the Caldwell treatment plant and Indian Creek were




about 2,000 Ib and 11,000 Ib of BOD, respectively.  The density of total-




coliform bacteria in the Boise River at 27,000/100 ml was ten times




greater than the density found at Caldwell and was in violation of the




Idaho bacterial criteria.  The DO levels remained high (9.4-10.3 rag/1) .




     The J. R. Simplot Company (RM 17.6) discharged wastes on a periodic




basis (batch discharges for 3-hr periods, twice daily).  The quantity of




water discharged averaged 4.3 mgd and contained 30,800 Ib BOD.  Total- and




fecal-coliform bacterial densities in the effluent were 1,500,000/100 ml




and 63,000/100 ml, respectively.




     The effect of the waste discharged from the J. R. Simplot Company




on water quality was determined by sampling the river under two condi-




tions, waste discharge (allowing for flow time from the point of dis-




charge) and no-waste discharge [Table 1].  Downstrean at Notus (KM 13.8),




under no-discharge conditions, water quality was similar to that measured




upstream at RM 17.7.  During discharge conditions the BOD levels increased




from 5.3 to 13 mg/1 and the DO levels ranged between 6.4 and 7.3 mg/1.




These levels of dissolved oxygen (60-fiR percent saturation) constituted a




violation of the Idaho standards.  The density of total-coliforin bacteria
                                  21

-------
                    TABLE 1

EFFECT OF J. R. SIMPLOT COMPANY WASTE DISCHARGE
         ON WATER QUALITY, BOISE RIVER
              NOVEMBER 4-10, 1971
Parameter
(unless otherwise noted
all units are mg/1)
DO
DO % Sat.
BOD
TOC
Kj Nitrogen as N
NH -N
NO -NO -N
Total P
Total coliforms—
Fecal coli forms-
Fecal streptococci—
a/ This is a single value.
b/ Two values are less than
c/ One value is less than 0
d/ This value Is reported at

Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
Range
Average
0.1.
.1.
3 count/100 ml.
Upstream of
J.R. Simplot Co.
(RM 17.7)
9.4-10.3
9.9
85-97
91
4.1-4.8
4.4
3-5
4
0.1-0.6
0.4
<0. 1-0.1-'
0.1
1.70-2.20
1.95
0.38-0.45
0.42
4,500-76,000
27,000
320-1,300
950
470-1,800
1,100
Notus^ Idaho (RM 13.8)
No-Discharge
Condition
9.0-10.4
9.8
89-97
92
3.1-7.4
5.3
2-4
3
0.2-0.5
0.4
0.1
1.77-2.20
2.00
0.41-0.45
0.43
2,300-22,000
10,000
100-500
320
450-2,100
1,000
Discharge
Condition
6.4-7.8
7.1
60-68
64
13a/
13
6
6
0.4-1.9
1.0
0.3
1.66-2.00
1.79
0.65-0.76
0.69
>80, 000-260, 000
140,000
1,600-9,300
5,100
2,100-21,000
10,000

-------
increased  from 10,000 to 140,000/100 ml during discharge, thereby contri-


buting to  violations of Idaho standards.  S. dublin was  isolated, indi-


cating sewage contamination.


     Pollution-tolerant sludgeworms and dipterans increased from 61 per-


cent at RM 21.8 to 89 percent at Notus.  Diversity decreased  (16 to

                                                       2           2
12 kinds), while the total population increased (114/ft  to 1320/ft ).


Increased  turbidity in the river favored development of non-chlorophyll-


bearing slimes and a corresponding decrease in algal growths.


     At Parma (RM 5.0) the water quality was similar to  that  found at


Notus [Tables E-2 and F-2],  On several occasions during the  survey the


total-coliform bacteria density was 26,000/100 ml and the DO  levels were


below 75 percent saturation; both were in violation of Idaho  standards.


The benthic community x*as dominated (87 percent) by pollution-tolerant

                                         2
sludgeworms and dipterans (density, 94/ft ).  No game fish were found


at this station.  Rainbow trout exposed for palatability tests were


judged suitable for consumption.


     Conditions at the mouth of the Boise River were similar  to those at


RM 5.0.  Densities of bacteria violated the standards.  S. neujpovt was

                                                 2
isolated.  The benthos was extremely sparse (7/ft ).  Mountain whitefish


(a game fish), carp, and suckers were collected by electroshocking.


     In summary, the Boise River was degraded by the waste discharges


in the Boise and Caldwell areas, and by waste inputs from Indian Creek.


Violations occurred of the bacterial and DO standards and the general


standards  applicable to the Boise River.  Bacterial densities in the


Boise River contributed to violations of Idaho and Oregon Water Quality


Standards  for the interstate waters of the Snake River.
                                 23

-------
C.  PAYETTE RIVER




     The headwaters of the Payette River are in the Sawtooth mountains,




northeast of Emmett, Idaho.  The stream flows south and then westward




through the town of Emmett [Figure 1],   About 20 miles downstream from




Emmett the river flows to the northwest.  The confluence of the Payette




River with the Snake is near the town of Payette.




     A stream survey was conducted from upstream of Emmett (KM 33.3) to




the confluence.  Water quality in the study reach was good [Tables E-3




and 1-3].  Downstream from Emmett (RM 28.0) the river bed of rocks and




cobbles was free from sludge deposits.   It supported a diverse benthic




community that included many forms sensitive to pollution, such as may-




flies and caddisflies [Table 1-3].




     Downstream from RM 4.1 wastewaters from both the Payette municipal




treatment plant and a small sanitation district plant (Gayway) discharge




to the Payette River.  Except for a significant increase in the densities




of total coliform bacteria (660 to 9,600/100 ml), the quality remained




essentially the same at RM 0.1.  The Payette River, throughout the study




reach, supported a diverse benthic community including many forms sensi-




tive to pollution.  In summary, the Payette River was of good quality and




did not cause violations of water quality standards in the Snake River.






D.  SNAKE RIVER




     From Walters Ferry (RM 442.5) the Snake River flows first northwest




to Adrian, Oregon (RM 401.8)  and then north, forming the Idaho-Oregon




state line [Figure 1].
                                 24

-------
     The strearaflows, measured at Weiser, Idaho, averaged 25,200 cfs


during the survey period, October 27 to November 2, 1971.  The flow rate


was twice the historical average for the months, October and November;


flow was 120 percent greater than the record high (62 years) for October.


High-flow conditions hampered biological sampling and precluded fish


population studies.  Swift currents also prevented quantitative sampling


of the resident benthos in the natural bed of the river.


     Qualitative benthos samples were collected from inundated shoreline


vegetation and by use of artificial substrates.  In the evaluation of


water quality these samples were of limited value because they repre-


sented organisms in catastrophic drift conditions rather than the resi-


dent benthos.  Algal growths attached on the artificial substrates were


inhibited both by reduced light penetration and by the scouring action


of the turbid waters.  These high-velocity currents also caused mor-


talities among caged trout exposed for palatability tests.


     The Snake River from RJI 442.5 downstream to EK 401.8 was relatively


unpolluted [Table E-4].  The flavor of trout exposed at control stations


(RI1 416.0, 401.3, and 393.0) was acceptable and did not differ signifi-


cantly from that of the reference fish [Figure 6],  Sparse aquatic growths

                            2
(volatile solids <0.58 mg/in. ) collected by artificial substrates consisted


of green algae and numerous diatoms [Table G-2].  Both the diverse com-


munity of these kinds of algae and the absence of slime growths indicated


that this reach was unpolluted.  However, total-coliform bacterial densi-


ties in the reach [Table F-4 and Figure 7] exceeded the values established


in Idaho standards.
                                  25

-------
     The Owyhee River discharges to the Snake River,  downstream from Adrian,




at RM 392.3.'  As mentioned previously,  benthic sampling of the Snake River




was hampered by high streamflow.  However,  the benthos in the tributaries,




in the study reach, was sampled adequately.   The Owyhee River at RM 2.9 had




a shifting sand and silt bottom.  The density of benthic organisms was




low and they were dominated by sludgeworms  and midge  larvae [Table 1-4].




A few pollution-tolerant mayflies were  present.  This river was judged to




be enriched by organic materials.  Densities of total- and fecal-coliform




bacteria were 1,700 and 74/100 ml, respectively.




     The Snake River (RM 390.5) downstream  from the mouths of the Owyhee




and Boise Rivers contained sufficient soluble nutrients (average total P,




0.10 mg/1 and average N0_-N0_, 1.12 mg/1) to sustain  dense aquatic growths




on the artificial substrates placed on  the  Idaho side of the Snake River.




[The increase in biomass along the Idaho shoreline is depicted in




Figure 8.]  This biomass was principally composed of  organic pollution-




indicator organisms including blue-green algae and slime bacteria, consti-




tuting violations of the Idaho general  standards.  Bacterial densities




[Table F-4] greatly exceeded the Idaho  and  Oregon standards applicable




to the interstate waters of the Snake River.  The pathogenic bacteria,




Salmonella enteritidis, S.  neupovt, and 5.  -typhimurium, were isolated




from the reach, indicating fecal contamination.  Trout exposed at this




station acquired an unacceptable off-flavor.




     At RM 389.0, upstream of Nyssa, Oregon, the Idaho and Oregon bacterial




standards were also exceeded.  The chemical quality of the water was




similar to that found at RM 390.5.
                                  26

-------
    7-1
    5-
    4-
    LEFT  BANK
         _ .ACCEMA.IIE
          UNACCEPTAILE "
     420
                  410
                              400
390          380

   RIVER MILES
370
360
                         350
                                              RIGHT  BANK

6-
5-
4-
t
t
4






20 410
>
S


|
400
z JJ •-
»^ 	
^^
o a
n e
0- •
en o



3



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!
>
1*
»
9
1 ACCEPTAIIE



UMACCEPTAILE














r i i
90 380 370






360




3





50
RIVER MILES
KEY:
             DIFFERENT
FROM REFERENCE

    SIGNIFICANTLY DIFFERENT
FROM REFERENCE
                        Figure 6. Rainbow Trout Flavor Test Results,Snake River,

                                              November,1971

-------
100,000-1
 10,000-
  1,ooo-
    ioo-
                 KEY:

            TOTAL COLIFORM
            FECAL COLIFORM
            FECAL STREPTOCOCCI

          f) GREATER THAN  VALUE

          (J LESS THAN  VALUE
                                               TRIBUTARIES
               OWYHEE RIVER  392.3
                          360
                       RM 0.1
               368.5 MALHEUR  RIVER
                                                                  50
       RM  1.0
351.8 WEISER RIVER
       450
400
380          370
RIVER MILES
                                                    360
                                                                    * VIOLATION OF
                                                                    WATER QUALITY
                                                                       STANDARDS
                                                                   1(1,000  COLIFORMS
                                                                             /100ml)
   350
     Figure 7. Bacterial Densities, (Arithmetic Mean) Snake River    October- November, 1971

-------
   3.0 •
   2.0-
    1.0
                             L
      420
                   410
                                400
                         390           380
                            RIVER MILES
                          370
                          3(0
                                                                                                 350
    40-1
    30-
^   20-1
    10-
     0-
                             I
      420
410
                                400
390
380
                                                RIVER MILES
                                                    370
                          3(0
           KEY:
            LEFT BANK
            RIGHT IANK
               Figure 8. Algae (Chlorophyll^) and  Biomass (Volatile Solids)  Snake River.
                                               November. 1971
350

-------
     The Amalgamated Sugar  Company  (RM  388.0)  discharged  wastewater


 (6.2 mgd)  containing a biochemical  oxygen  demand  of  13,800 pounds.   Ef-


 fluent  from the Nyssa WTP enters  the  river immediately  downstream from


 this sugar-beet processing  mill.  Downstream,  at  RF  387.0, the  poor


 quality of Snake River water was  sustained.  Trout exposed for  palata-


 bility  tests were significantly off-flavor.  Densities  of total-coli-


 form bacteria, still in violation of  the Idaho and Oregon standards,


 had decreased to 2,800/100  ml.


     Near Ontario, Oregon (RM 373.0), the  water quality of the  Snake


 River had improved.  Nutrient values were  similar to  those found  in


 the river upstream of the Boise River inflow (average total P,  0.07  rag/1


 and average NO-NO , 0.78 mg/1).  Sparse growths  of  filamentous green


 algae and diatoms on artificial substrates were similar to the  growths

                                        *
 collected from unpolluted river reaches  [Table G-2].


     At Ontario, ORE-IDA Foods, Inc.  (R1 370.0) discharged industrial


wastes  (1.72 ragd) containing an average biochemical oxygen demand of


 4,930 pounds and bacterial  densities  of 6,100,00^/10^ ml  for  tot.il-


 coliforms and 320,000/100 ml, fecal-coliforms.  This  discharge  contri-


butor! to violations of Idaho and  Oregon strr.ar1. criteria in that densi-


 ties of total- and fecal-co.l.i FOTTT bacteria in  the interstate  water of


 the Snake Fiver, at RM 369.0, increased to  19,000 and 440/100 ml,


 respectively.
* Filamcats of slime uacteria, SpliaeTot'iZ'u^, were  observe:!  floating
  downstream (R"I 370.T); thus, to find filaments on  artificial  sub-
  strates in clean water was not unexpected.
                                   27

-------
     The chlorinated effluent from the Ontario, Oregon, municipal treat-


ment lagoon was discharged to the Malheur River approximately one mile


upstream of its confluence with the Snake River.-  At the mouth of the


Malheur River (RM 368.5/0.1) the bottom was composed of sand and silt.


The benthos was sparse and dominated by pollution-tolerant sludgeworms.


The stream was judged to be polluted with organic matter.


     Inflows from the Malheur River carried sufficient nutrients to stim-


ulate aquatic growths at RM 364.0.  Sphaerotilus growths tripled in this


river reach [Table G-2]; nevertheless, the principal growths were algae


[Figure 8].  Growths indicated that this reach was, in organic enrichment,


second only to the area immediately downstream from the polluted Boise


River.  The total- and fecal-coliform bacterial densities were 9,600


and 380/100 ml, respectively.


     The water quality upstream of the Weiser River, at RM 353.9, was

                                       i
similar to that found in the unpolluted upper reach of the study area,


except for the total-coliform bacterial density of 9,700/100 ml (fecal


coliform density averaged 220/100 ml).


     The Weiser River at its mouth (RM 351.8/0.1) was relatively unpol-


luted.  The river bottom consisted of rocks and occasional silt deposits.


The benthic community, consisting of nine kinds, included pollution-


sensitive caddisflies and mayflies.


     At RM 350.3 downstream from the mouth of the Weiser River and the


Weiser municipal waste discharge, the water quality of the river was


acceptable.  Inorganic nitrogen concentrations increased to 1.03 mg/1,


but phosphorus levels remained the same (0.07 mg/1), as at RM 353.9.
                                  28

-------
Aquatic growths were minimal; a variety of diatoms and green algae was




present.  Nevertheless, Salmonella. Saintpaul was isolated from this




station.




     In summary, violations of the Oregon and Idaho bacterial standards,




applicable to the interstate waters of the Snake River, occurred at all




stations sampled.  Primary sources of bacterial contamination were the




inflow of the Boise River and the municipal and industrial waste dis-




charges on the Oregon side of the Snake River.  Salmonella was isolated




from the waters of this reach, thus indicating fecal contamination.




Blue-green algae and slime growths were present as a result of increased




nutrient concentrations, thereby violating the general water quality




standards for interstate waters.
                                  29

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                    V.  WASTE-SOURCE EVALUATIONS







A.   INTRODUCTION




     Twelve waste sources  (six industrial and six municipal) were eval-




uated, during the period October 13 to November 8, 1971, in order to




determine characteristics  of the discharges and their effects on the




receiving stream.  The.industries included the Amalgamated Sugar Company




at Nyssa, Oregon (sugar beets); Armour Meat Packing Company at Nampa,




Idaho (slaughterhouse); Boise Cascade Company at Emmett, Idaho (plywood);




ORE-IDA Food Incorporated  at Ontario, Oregon (potatoes, onions, corn);




J. R. Simplot Company at Caldwell, Idaho (potatoes); and Triangle Dairy




at Boise, Idaho (milk products).  The municipalities included Ontario,




Oregon, and the Idaho communities of Boise, Caldwell, Garden City,




Meridian, and Nampa.  These industries collectively discharge to the Snake




River or to its tributaries wastewaters (15 mgd) with a biochemical oxygen




demand load of 50,000 pounds.  Sixty-two percent of this total load (BOD)




was  discharged by the J. R. Simplot Company.  Amalgamated Sugar and Boise




Cascade discharged wastes without treatment.  The four remaining industries




discharged waste loads that were not consistent with "best treatment."




     The six municipal waste treatment plants discharged a total of 34 mgd,




with a biochemical oxygen  demand load of 22,750 pounds.  Forty-four percent




of this flow, with a BOD load of 17,490 Ib/day, was discharged by the Nampa




WTP.  The five municipal plants in Idaho did not meet the Idaho require-




ments for secondary treatment (i.e., 85 percent BOD removal); adequate




disinfection was not provided by the plants at Caldwell and Nampa.  The




Ontario, Oregon, WTP provided more than 85 percent BOD removal and had
                                   31

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adequate disinfection.  A brief discussion of the waste sources discharging

into selected reaches of the Snake River and its tributaries follows.

     This section summarizes information and data on industrial and

municipal waste sources that are contained in individual reports on  file

at the EPA National Field Investigations Center-Denver.  [Descriptions of

waste treatment facilities and waste discharge data are contained in

Appendix J.]


B.  IMPACT OF THE FWPCA AMENDMENTS OF 1972

     Pursuant to enactment of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act

Amendments of 1972, proposed effluent limits for major industrial cate-

gories have been developed by EPA.  Final effluent limits — to be issued

in the future, are not expected to differ greatly from the proposed

limits.  [Those limits applicable to industrial discharges evaluate during

this survey are found in Appendix K.]

     The 1972 Amendments also require at least secondary treatment and

disinfection of wastewaters discharged by publicly owned treatment faci-

lities.  Regulations that define secondary treatment and which limit

concentrations of BOD and suspended solids, and fecal-coliform bacterial
                                  *
densities are to be issued by EPA.

     The 1972 Amendments further require pretreatment of industrial

wastewaters that are discharged to publicly owned collection and treat-

ment systems.  Regulations, to be issued shortly, are expected to require
* The BOD and suspended solids are expected to be limited to a monthly
  average of 30 mg/1 and a weekly average of 45 mg/1 or 85 percent over-
  all reduction, whichever produces the best quality effluent.  The
  fecal-coliform bacterial density are expected to be limited to a weekly
  average of 400/100 ml and a monthly average of 200/100 ml.
                                  32

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pretreatment of wnstewaters to levels comparable to domestic sewage and




removal of substances that could inhibit treatment processes or pass




through such systems in concentrations detrimental to the quality of




the receiving waters.




     Waste sources were evaluated to determine compliance with the Idaho




and Oregon state requirements, State-Federal water quality standards,




and the requirements of the 1972 Amendments.  In several cases, treat-




ment to meet the criteria promulgated pursuant to the 1972 Amendments,




will not be adequate to protect receiving water quality for designated




uses.  Those cases are subject to further study; no attempt is made, in




this report, to define the levels of treatment required in those cases.







C.  WASTEWATER DISCHARGES TO INDIAN CREEK




     The Armour Meat Packing Company (RM 11.4) discharged combined boiler




blowdown, condensate, and ammonia condenser water (estimated at 0.5 mgd)




containing 12 Ib/day of BOD.  Process wastewater and plant sanitary wastes




(effluent from a septic tank)  were treated in a one-acre facultative




lagoon followed by a large aerobic lagoon (4.2 acres).  The aerobic




lagoon discharges contained a biochemical oxygen demand load of about




80 Ib/day (0.19 Ib BOD/1,000 Ib LWK).  The total load discharged,




92 pounds BOD per day (treated and untreated wastes), was equivalent




to 0.22 Ib BOD/1,000 Ib LWK.  Densities of total- and fecal-coliform




bacteria were 13,000 and 3,900/100 ml, respectively.  The nutrient load




was 59 pounds inorganic nitrogen and 17 pounds of total phosphorus per




day.  Bacterial densities discharged contributed to violations of




a) the Idaho Water Quality Standards that are applicable to Indian Creek






                               33

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and the Boise River and b) the Idaho and Oregon Water Quality Standards

that are applicable to the interstate waters of the Snake River.  Moreover,

the present treatment does not meet the criteria contained in the proposed

effluent guidelines applicable to the meat  packing industry [Appendix K].

     Treatment of the Armour Meat Packing Company wastewaters to meet

these guidelines may not be adequate to preclude violations of DO stan-

dards during low-flow periods in Indian Creek.   Studies in progress should

indicate the need for additional treatment, or  total containment and

re-use of the wastewaters.

     The principal waste source discharging to  Indian Creek was the Nampa

WTP (RM 7.4).  In addition to receiving domestic wastes,  this plant accepts

wastes from several industries, including:

                                  Avg Flow           BOD load
     Industry                      (mgd)             Ib/day

Amalgamated Sugar Co.               3.5              28,000
Western Farmers, Inc.               0.8              13,000
World Wide Foods                    0.8               5,000
Birds Eye                           1.4               2,500
Idaho Animal Products               0.3               2,500
Simplot Poultry*                    0.4               1,200


     Although waster-raters from Amalgamated  Sugar Company and Western

Farmers, Incorporated, are pretreated prior to  entry into the Nampa muni-

cipal system, the industrial waste loads caused the treatment plant to be

organically overloaded.  During the EPA survey  the plant removed only

72 percent of the imposed BOD.  Disinfection of the effluent was inade-

quate; the total- and fecal-coliform bacterial  densities were 1,200,000
* Not to be confused with the J. R.  Simplot Company (potato processing
  plant) Caldwell, Idaho.
                                  34

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and 96,000/100 ml, respectively.  The Nampa wastewater effluent  (about




14.8 mgd)  contained an average dally load of 17,400 pounds BOD (141 mg/1),




2,200 pounds of inorganic nitrogen, and 390 pounds of total phosphorus



[Table J-l].




     The discharge of inadequately treated municipal and industrial waste-




water degraded Indian Creek, as set forth in Section IV (A) of this report.




Any provision for removal of less than 85 percent BOD violates the Idaho




Water Quality Standards that are applicable to all waters of the State.




The inadequately disinfected effluent violated the general standards and




contributed to violations of a) bacterial criteria for the Boise River




and b) the Idaho and Oregon Standards that are applicable to the interstate




waters of the Snake River.




     In order to protect the water quality of Indian Creek and to comply




with applicable standards the City of Nampa must provide a very high




degree of treatment.  Studies now in progress are expected to show that




attainment of the necessary treatment level will require an alternative




comparable to complete containment and re-use of wastewaters, change in




the point of effluent discharge, or interception and treatment at the




Caldwell WTP.  This type of treatment measure is necessary to prevent




water quality degradation of Indian Creek during periods of low  flow.




The City must also disinfect adequately to prevent the total-coliform




bacteria density from exceeding 1,000/100 ml.  Federal regulations are




expected to limit fecal-colifortn bacteria densities to weekly and monthly




average of 400 and 200 per 100 ml, respectively.
                                 35

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     City officials should be formally advised that ordinance(s) must be




enacted to implement Federal regulations pertaining to pretreatment of




industrial wastewaters discharged to the Nampa system.  Further, an




implementation schedule, acceptable to the Idaho State Board of Health




and the EPA, must be developed to attain compliance with the ordinance(s) .






D.  WASTEWATER DISCHARGES TO THE BOISE RIVER




     During the EPA survey the principal sources of wastewaters dis-




charged directly to the Boise River were the Cities of Boise and Caldwell,




Idaho, and the J. R. Simplot Company.   Other sources of wastes evaluated




included the Triangle Dairy (Boise)  and the Harden City and Meridian




municipal waste treatment facilities,  none of which provided adequate




treatment.




     The Boise WTP (RM 49.1) was discharging wastewater (approx. 11.3 mgd)




containing 2,600 pounds BOD (27 mg/1), 1,200 pounds inorganic nitrogen,




and 600 pounds of total phosphorus.   The BOD removal efficiency averaged




85 percent.  Total-coliform bacteria densities were high (36,000/100 ml),




but those of the fecal-coliform bacteria were low (63/100 ml) .  City




officials should be advised that disinfection must be improved to main-




tain average total-coliform bacteria densities, in the effluent, of not




more than 1,000/100 ml.  Monthly and weekly fecal-coliform bacteria




densities should not exceed 200 and 400 per 100 ml, respectively.




     In addition to domestic wastes, the Caldwell WTP (PJt 21.3) received




wastes from two manor industries, Dairyman's Cooperative Creamery and




the Idaho Meat Packing Company.  This  municipal treatment plant dis-




charged wastewater (4.4 mg<1) containing about 2,100 pounds of BOD (57 mg/1),
                                  36

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300 pounds of inorganic nitrogen, and 135 pounds of total phosphorus.


The 30D removal efficiency was approximately 63 percent.  Disinfection


of the effluent was inadequate; densities of total-coliform bacteria


averaged 18,000/100 ml and those of the fecal-coliform bacteria averaged


1,000/100 ml.


     In order to comply with applicable water quality standards the City


of Caldwell must provide a very high degree of treatment.  The effluent


discharged from the Caldwell UTP should contain no more than 1,000 Ib/day

       *
of '-JOD.   To attain this level of treatment could require containment and


re-use of wastewaters.  To protect the quality of the Boise River and


to comply with applicable standards disinfection must be such that the


density of the total-coliform bacteria does not exceed 1,000/100 ml.


Applicable Federal regulations are expected to' limit fecal-coliform


bacteria densities to weekly and monthly averages of 400 and 200 per


100 ml, respectively.  Industrial wastewaters accepted for treatment by


the. municipal plant should receive pretreatment to levels comparable to


domestic sewage in order to prevent plant malfunction attributable to


shock and seasonal loadings.  City officials should be formally advised


that ordinance(s)  must be enacted to implement Federal regulations per-


taining to pretreatment of industrial wantewaters accented for treatment


in the Caldwell system.  Further, an implementation schedule acceptable


to the Idaho State Board of Health and the EPA must be developed to


attain compliance with the ordinance(s).


     The J. R. Simplot potato-processing plant (R.M 17.^.) treats industrial
* This limit is currently recommended by the Idaho State Board of Health.
                                  37

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and domestic wastes in a series of five laeoons.   The effluent from




the lagoons was discharged on a batch basis  (3-hr discharge, twice daily),




The effluent BOD was 30,800 Ib/day (13.7 Ib/ton  of potatoes processed);




the inorganic nitrogen, 645 Ib/day;  and the  total phosphorus, 350 Ib/day.




These loads caused violation of the  DO standard  for the Boise River.  The




effluent was not disinfected; total- and fecal-coliform bacteria numbered




1,500,000 and 64,000/ml respectively, and contributed to a) violations




of the bacterial standards that are  applicable to the waters of the




Boise River and b) the Idaho and Oregon Water Quality Standards appli-




cable to the interstate waters of the Snake  River.   Attainment of the




proposed effluent guidelines cannot  be expected  to protect water quality,




in the receiving-stream, for the designated  uses.  Although further eval-




uation of acceptable waste loading,  during low-flow conditions, is under




way, it is clear that provision must be made for  additional treatment or




containment/re-use of all wastewaters (e.g.  plant discharges, intermit-




tant discharges to the drainage ditch paralleling Idaho Highway 19, etc.).




     The Garden City WTP discharged  inadequately  treated effluent to




the Boise River at RM 48/0.8.  The effluent  contained a BOD load of




138 Ib/day (37 mg/1).  Biochemical oxygen demand  removal averaged about




33 percent.  This treatment efficiency constitutes  a violation of the




Idaho Water Quality Standards that require "highest and best practicable




treatment and control."  Disinfection of the effluent was inadequate as




indicated by average total- and fecal-coliform bacterial densities of




10,000 and 486/100 ml, respectively.   City officials should be advised
                                  38

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 that  in  order to  comply with  applicable State  and  Federal  regulations,




 disinfection must be improved to  limit total coliform  densities  to




 1,000 per  100 ml, and  fecal coliform densities to  weekly and monthly




 averages of 400 and 200 per 100 ml, respectively.  Studies now under




way may  indicate  the need for additional  treatment.




     At  the time  of the survey the City of Meridian provided secondary




treatment  of domestic  sewage and  discharged to the Boise River at




RM 30.5/16.  The  effluent contained a BOD load of  135  Ib/day (61 mg/1) ;




this value amounted to a 63 percent removal.  This treatment efficiency




constitutes a violation of the Idaho Water Quality Standards that require




"highest and best practicable treatment and control."  Disinfection of




the effluent was  adequate.  City  officials should  be advised that a)




present treatment is inadequate and b) treatment beyond that required




by Federal regulations could be necessary in order to prevent stream




standards violations during low-flow periods.




     Triangle Dairy discharged effluent from a two-cell lagoon to the




Boise River at RM 57.7/1.5.   The BOD load contained in the discharge was




insignificant, but, no disinfection was provided.  Densities of total- and




fecal-coliform bacteria in the effluent were 3,300,000 and 7,700/]00 ml,




respectively.  The effluent must be disinfected or totally contained in




order to comply with applicable water quality standards.







E.  WASTE'fATER DISCHARGES TO THE PAYETTE RIVER




     The Boise Cascade Corporation (R/T 32.3) discharged 0.029 mgd of




untreated wastes to the Payette River with an average BOD of 497 mg/1




(120 Ib/day).  This discharge violates the Idaho Water Quality Standards.
                                  39

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The relatively small quantity of effluent suggests that total containment




and/or re-use of this wastewater is necessary to eliminate this violation




of the Standards.




     The City of Payette, Idaho, provides onlv primary treatment of




domestic wastes, thereby violating the Idaho Water Quality Standards




requirements for "highest and best practicable treatment and control."




City officials should be advised of the 1972 Amendments and of the




regulations pertaining to secondary treatment that are to be published.







F.  WASTEWATER DISCHARGES TO THE SNAKE RIVER




     The major waste sources discharging directly to the Snake River in-




cluded the Amalgamated Sugar Company at Nyssa, Oregon (RM 389.0) and




ORE-IDA Foods, Inc. at Ontario, Oregon (RM 370.0).  The Amalgamated Sugar




Company discharged untreated wastes (floor drainage, spills, storm run-




off, and condenser cooling water)  into the river through three outfalls.




The untreated wastes averaged 6.2  mgd and contained 13,800 pounds BOD




(2.1 Ib/ton of sugar beets processed) as^well as 330 pounds of inorganic




nitrogen and 10 pounds of total phosphorus.   Densities of bacteria in the




effluents were high; the major effluent had  total- and fecal-coliform




bacterial densities of 290,000 and 12,000/100 ml, respectively.  The plant




had a closed flume water circuit.   Lime wastes were discharged to three




evaporative settling ponds.  The Oregon Department of Environmental Control




issued a permit to the Amalgamated Sugar Company that required the treated




waste discharged not to exceed, after September 30, 1972, 50 mg/1 BOD




(5,000 Ib/day) .  At the present production rate this is equivalent to




0.76 Ib/ton of sugar beets processed.  The proposed effluent guidelines
                                  40

-------
for the sugar beet industry  [Appendix K] limit BOD in the discharge to




no more than 0.5 Ib/ton of sugar beets processed.  The presently dis-




charged waste loads constitute a violation of the Oregon Water Quality




Standards that require secondary treatment or the industrial equivalent.




The industrial equivalent is defined as 85 percent removal of BOD and TSS.




     Company officials should be formally advised that permit conditions




will limit BOD and suspended solids discharged and require disinfection.




Further, containment and/or re-use could be required during periods of




low-flow in the receiving waters.




     ORE-IDA Foods, Incorporated, discharged an average of 4,980 Ib BOD/day




(6.2 Ib/ton of vegetables) with densities of total- and fecal-coliforms




of 3,100,000 and 220,000/100 ml, respectively.  The effluent contained




approximately 350 pounds of inorganic nitrogen and 175 pounds of total




phosphorus.  The Oregon Department of Environmental Control approved a




discharge permit limiting the maximum BOD discharged to 3,000 Ib/day




(3.8 Ib/ton of vegetables) by the end of 1975.  The waste loads discharged




greatly exceed thone permitted by the proposed effluent guidelines




[Appendix K] and constitute a violation of the Oregon Water Quality




Standards that requires secondary treatment or the industrial equivalent.




The industrial equivalent is defined as 85 percent renoval of BOD and TSS.




The discharge of hi.eh, coliform bacterial densities is a major contribution




to the violations of Idaho and Oregon Standards that are applicable to the




interstate waters of the Snake River.  Company officials should be advised




that thf. permit conditions for ORE-IDA Foods, Incorporated, x^ill be those




provided by Schedule A, for the Canning, Preserved and Frozen Fruits and
                                  41

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Vegetables Processing Industry [Appendix K],  and that disinfection of

the effluent will be required.

     The municipal treatment plant at Ontario discharged 2.1 mgd of

wastewater into the Malheur River (RM 368.5/1.0) with an average BOD

load of 140 pounds (8 mg/1) , equivalent to 93 percent removal.  The

average inorganic nitrogen and total phosphorus discharged were 40 and

70 pounds, respectively.  Disinfection was adequate.

     The City of Weiser, Idaho, provides only primary treatment of

domestic wastes, thereby violating the Idaho  Water Quality Standards

requirements for "highest and best practicable treatment and control."

City officials should be advised of the 1972  Amendments and of the

regulations pertaining to secondary treatment which are to be published.




                             REFERENCES
1.   Water Quality Control and Management,  Snake River Basin, U.S.
     Department of the Interior,  Federal Water Pollution Control
     Administration, Northwest Region.  Portland, Oregon. September
     1968.

2.   Water Resources Review for October 1971,  U.S. Department of
     the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey.
                                  42

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                      APPENDIX A









      EXTRACTS FROM IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS




                  WHICH APPLY TO THE




INTERSTATE AND INTRASTATE WATERS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO

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                                                                       A-l
                               PART 1

GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR INTERSTATE STREAMS

     The following General Water Quality Standards shall apply to all

interstate waters of the state in addition .to the water quality standards

set forth herein for the various specified and unspecified interstate

waters of the state.  Interstate waters shall not contain:

A.   Toxic chemicals of other than natural origin in concentrations found

     to be of public health significance or adversely affect the use
               *
     indicated.  (See Appendix 2)

B.   Deleterious substances of other than natural origin in concentrations

     that cause tainting of edible species or tastes and odors to be

     imparted to drinking water supplies.

C.   Radioactive materials of other than natural origin shall not be

     present in any amount which reflects failure in any case to apply

     all controls which are physically and economically feasible.  In

     no case shall such materials exceed the limits established in the

     1962 U. S. Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards.

D.   Floating or submerged matter not attributable to natural causes.

E.   Excess nutrients of other than natural origin that cause visible

     slime growths or other nuisance aquatic growths.

F.   Visible concentrations of oil, sludge deposits, scum, foam or other

     wastes that may adversely affect the use indicated.

G.   Objectionable turbidity which can be traced to a point source.
* Guides such as the Water Quality Criteria published by the State of
  California Water Quality Control Board (Second Edition, 1963) will be
  used in evaluating the tolerance of the various toxic chemicals for
  the use indicated.

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A-2
  WATER QUALITY STANDARDS  FOR PUBLIC WATERS OF THE MAIN  STEM OF THE SNAKE




  RIVER FROM THE WYOMING-IDAHO BORDER  (RIVER MILE 918) TO THE OREGON-IDAHO




  BORDER (RIVER MILE  407);  NORTH  FORK  TETON RIVER; HENRY'S  FORK FROM




  JUNCTION WITH FALLS RIVER TO THE SNAKE RIVER;  RAFT RIVER;  GOOSE CREEK;




  SALMON FALLS  CREEK; JARBRIDGE RIVER  AND THE BRUMEAU RIVER.




  1.    No wastes shall be  discharged and no activities shall be conducted




  which either  alone  or in  combination with other wastes or activities will




  cause in these waters:




       A.  Organisms  of the Coliform Group where Associated with Fecal




           Sources  (MPN, equivalent MF or appropriate test  using a repre-




           sentative  number of samples)




                Average concentrations of coliform bacteria to exceed




           1,000 per  100 milliliters,  with 20 per cent of samples not to




           exceed 2,400 per 100 milliliters.




       B.  Dissolved  Oxygen (DO)




                DO  to be less than 75  per cent of saturation at seasonal low




           or less  than 100 per cent saturation  in spawning areas during




           spawning,  hatching and fry  stages of  salmonid fishes.




           Exception;  Five parts per  million at Milner  Dam based on a




           minimum  stream  flow of 600  cubic feet per second at this point.




       C.  Hydrogen Ion Concentration  (pH)




                pH  values  to  be outside the range of 7.0 to 9.0.  Induced




           variation  not to be more than 0.5 pH  unit.




       D.  Temperature




                Any measurable increase when stream temperatures are 68°F.




           or above,  or more  than 2°F. increase  when stream temperatures




           are  66°F.  or less.

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                                                                       A-3
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC WATERS OF THE MAIN STEM OF THE SNAKE

RIVER FROM THE OREGON-IDAHO BORDER (RIVER MILE 407) TO THE HELLS CANYON

DAM (RIVER MILE 247).

     No wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be conducted

which either alone or in combination with other wastes or- activities will

cause in these waters:

     A.  Organisms of the Coliform Group where Associated with Fecal

         Sources (MPN, equivalent MF or appropriate test using a repre-

         sentative number of samples).

              Average concentrations of coliform bacteria to exceed 1,000

         per 100 milliliters, with 20 per cent of samples not to exceed

         2,400 per 100 milliliters.
                                                                  f
     B.  Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

              DO to be less than 75 per cent of saturation at seasonal low

         or less than 100 per cent saturation in spawning areas during

         spawning.

     C.  Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH)

              pH values to be outside the range of 7.0 to 9.0.  Induced

         variation not to be more than 0.5 pH unit.

     D.  Temperature

              Any measurable increase when stream temperatures are 70°F.

         or above, or more than 2°F. increase when river temperatures are

         68°F. or less.

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A-4
                                    PART 2

                             RULES AND REGULATIONS
          FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF STANDARDS OF WATER QUALITY AND FOR
       WASTE WATER TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR WATERS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO
     LEGAL AUTHORITY

          The Idaho State Board of Health,  pursuant to the authority granted in
     Title 29, Chapter 1, Idaho Code, sections 39-106 and 39-112, did adopt the
     following Rules and Regulations for the Establishment of Standards of Water
     Quality and for Waste Water Treatment  Requirements for Waters of the State
     of Idaho while in regular quarterly session on August 15, 1968, at Coeur
     d'Alene, Idaho, and did determine the  effective date to be September 4, 1968,
     PREAMBLE

          It shall be the policy of the State Board of Health to provide for an
     orderly and economically feasible comprehensive water pollution control
     program, which program shall be administered to conserve the waters of the
     State for all legitimate beneficial uses, including uses for domestic pur-
     poses, agriculture, industry, recreation, and fish and wildlife propagation.

          The Board recognizes that the control of water pollution involves many
     factors, including multiple water uses,  economic considerations and overall
     benefits to the citizens of the State.  It shall be the policy of the Board
     to carry out such a program on a cooperative voluntary and educational basis
     insofar as such a policy is compatible with statutory duties of the Board.

          The Department of Health shall, on the basis of necessary technical
     studies, determine waste treatment needs throughout the State and shall
     establish recommended time tables for the provision of such treatment facil-
     ities as will be necessary to abate pollution of the waters of the State.

          These regulations are intended to be in harmony with existing inter-
     state stream regulations and as an administrative guide for the continuation
     and supplementation of the program previously carried out by the Board.  The
     regulations are general in nature and are intended for use until such time
     as the staff of the Department of Health may be able to gather sufficient
     data to determine more precise quality standards for such individual streams
     as uses may indicate and until such time as the staff of the Department
     develops the capability of initiating a permit system as provided in the
     Idaho statutes.

          For these reasons, paragraph 3A should be considered as the basic
     working arrangement of the water pollution control program which provides,

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                                                                      A-5
in effect, special consideration for each and every waste source on the
basis of special problems peculiar to that source.
DEFINITIONS

     The following definitions shall apply to the interpretation and the
enforcement of these regulations:

     "Sewage" means the water-carried human or animal waste from residences,
buildings, industrial establishments or other places together with such
ground water infiltration and surface water as may be present.  The admix-
ture with sewage as above defined of industrial wastes or wastes, as defined
in the following paragraphs 2 and 3, shall also be considered "sewage."

     "Industrial waste" means any liquid, gaseous, radioactive or solid
waste substance or a combination thereof resulting from any process of
industrial, manufacturing, trade or business, or from the development or
recovery of any natural resources.

     "Wastes" means sewage, industrial wastes, and all other liquid,
gaseous, solid, radioactive or other substances which will or may cause
pollution or tend to cause pollution of the public waters of the State.

     "Pollution" means such contamination or other alteration of the
physical, chemical or biological properties of the public waters of the
State, including change in temperature, taste, color, turbidity or odor
of the waters, or such discharge of any liquid, gaseous, solid, radio-
active or other substance into the waters of the State which either by
itself or in connection with any other substance present, will or can
reasonably be expected to create a public nuisance or render such waters
harmful, detrimental or injurious to public health, safety, or welfare,
or to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational, or
other legitimate uses or to.livestock, wildlife, fish or other aquatic
life or the habitat thereof.

     "Standard" or "standards" means such measure of quality or purity in
relation to their reasonable and necessary use as may be established by
the State Board of Health.

1.   WATER RIGHTS

     It shall be the policy of the State Board of Health that the adoption
     of water quality standards and regulations and the enforcement of
     such standards and regulations is not intended to conflict with the
     apportionment of water to the State of Idaho, to any of the inter-
     state compacts or court decrees, or to interfere with the rights of
     Idaho appropriators in the utilization of water rights.

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A-6
    2.   HIGHEST AND BEST PRACTICABLE TREATMENT AND CONTROL REQUIRED

         Notwithstanding the water quality standards contained herein, where
         a higher standard can be achieved,  the highest and best practicable
         treatment and/or control of wastes, activities and flows shall be
         provided so as to maintain dissolved oxygen at the highest desirable
         levels and overall water quality as good as practicable, and water
         temperatures, coliform bacteria concentrations, dissolved chemical
         substances, toxic materials, radioactivity, turbidities, color, odor
         and other deleterious factors at the lowest desirable levels.

    3.   RESTRICTIONS ON THE DISCHARGE OF SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE AND
         HUMAN ACTIVITIES WHICH AFFECT WATER QUALITY IN THE WATERS OF THE
         STATE

         A.  No wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be con-
             ducted in such a way that said wastes or activities either alone
             or in combination with other wastes or activities will violate
             or can reasonably be expected to violate the water quality stand-
             ards and/or regulations contained herein.

         B.  It is noted that from time to time certain short-term activities
             which are deemed necessary to accommodate essential activities
             and protect the public interest may be specially authorized by
             the Department of Health under such conditions as the Department
             of Health may prescribe even though such activities may result
             in a reduction of water quality conditions below those criteria
             and classifications established by this regulation.

    4.   MAINTENANCE OF STANDARDS OF QUALITY

         A.  The degree of sewage or waste treatment required to restore and/or
             maintain the standards of quality and/or maintain existing quality
             shall be determined in each instance by the State Board of Health
             and shall be based upon the following:

             (1)  The uses which are or may likely be made of the receiving
                  stream.

             (2)  The size and nature of flow of the receiving stream.

             (3)  The quantity and quality of the sewage or wastes to be
                  treated.

             (4)  The presence or absence of other sources of pollution on
                  the same watershed.

         B.  For purposes of enforcement of these standards and regulations,
             sampling will be done at a point where these standards and/or
             regulations can be evaluated, except for areas immediately

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                                                                      A-7
         adjacant to outfalls.  Cognizance will be given to the opportunity
         for admixture of waste effluents with receiving waters, where such
         admixing is planned and carried out in a manner that will provide
         minimum degradation to receiving waters.
5.   GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR WATERS OF THE STATE

     The following general water quality standards will apply to waters of
     the State, both surface and underground, in addition to the water
     quality standards set forth on specifically identified waters.  Waters
     of the State shall not contain:

     A.  Toxic chemicals of other than natural origin in concentrations
         found to be of public health significance or to adversely affect
         the use indicated.  (Guides such as the Water Quality Criteria,
         published by the State of California Water Quality Control Board
         (Second Edition, 1963) will be used in evaluating the tolerances
         of the various toxic chemicals for the use indicated.)

     B.  Deleterious substances of other than natural origin in concentra-
         tions that cause tainting of edible species or tastes and odors
         to be imparted to drinking water supplies.

     C.  Radioactive materials or radioactivity in water which exceed (1)
         l/30th of the MFC values given in Column 2, Table I, Appendix A,
         Part C, Rules and Regulations for the Control of Radiation in the
         State of Idaho,  (2) exceeds concentration limits of the Idaho
         Drinking Water Standards for waters used for, or likely to be used
         for, domestic supplies, (3) results in accumulations of radio-
         activity in edible plants and animals that present a hazard to
         consumers, and/or (A) is harmful to aquatic life.

     D.  Floating or submerged matter not attributable to natural causes.

     E.  Excess nutrients of other than natural origin that cause visible
         slime growths or other nuisance aquatic growths.

     F.  Visible concentrations of oil, sludge deposits, scum, foam or
         other wastes that may adversely affect the use indicated.

     G.  Objectionable turbidity which can be traced to a point source or
         sources.
     ON THE BASIS OF THE PRECEDING GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS, THE
FOLLOWING NUMERICAL STANDARDS, WHERE APPLICABLE, SHALL BE APPLIED, EXCEPT
WHERE DIFFERENCES OCCUR BETWEEN NUMERICAL STANDARDS CONTAINED HEREIN AND
THOSE PREVIOUSLY ADOPTED FOR SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIED INTERSTATE STREAMS.
IN SUCH CASES, STANDARDS FOR INTERSTATE STREAMS SHALL APPLY.

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A-8
    6.    NO  WASTES  SHALL BE DISCHARGED AND NO ACTIVITIES SHALL BE CONDUCTED
         WHICH EITHER ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER WASTES OR ACTIVITIES
         WILL  CAUSE IN THESE WATERS:

         A.  Organisms of  the Coliform Group where Associated with Fecal  Sources

            (MPN,  equivalent MF or appropriate test using a representative
            number of samples.)  Average concentrations of coliform bacteria
            to exceed 1,000 per 100 milliliters, with 20 percent of samples
            not to exceed 2,400 per 100 milliliters.

         B.  Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

            DO to  be less than 75 percent of saturation at seasonal low  or
            less than 100 percent saturation in spawning areas during  spawning,
            hatching, and fry stages of salmonid fishes.

         C.  Hydrogen Ion  Concentration (pH)

            pH values to  be outside the range of 6.5 and 9.0.  Induced vari-
            ation  not to  be more than 0.5 pH unit.

         D.  Temperature

            Any measurable increases when stream temperatures are 68°F.  or
            above, or more than 2°F. increase when stream temperatures are
            66°F.  or less.

         E.  Turbidity

            Turbidity, other than of natural origin, to exceed 10 Jackson
            Turbidity Units (JTU).  (This turbidity requirement shall  not be
            deemed to rigidly apply to streams, drain ditches, etc., receiving
            irrigation return flow.  However, every reasonable effort  should
            be made to prevent excessive turbidity from such wastes.)
         IN ADDITION  TO THE  GENERAL STANDARDS CONTAINED HEREIN, THE  FOLLOWING
    NUMERICAL  STANDARDS SHALL APPLY TO THOSE WATERS OF THE STATE WHICH ARE
    PRESENTLY  UPSTREAM FROM  EXISTING SIGNIFICANT WASTE SOURCES AND TO  ALL LAKES
    AND RESERVOIRS  USED PRIMARILY  FOR RECREATION, DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES,
    FISH AND WILDLIFE PROPOGATION  AND/OR AESTHETIC PURPOSES.

    7.    NO WASTES  SHALL BE  DISCHARGED AND NO ACTIVITY SHALL BE CONDUCTED WHICH
         ALONE OR IN  COMBINATION WITH OTHER WASTES WILL CAUSE IN THESE WATERS:

         A. Organisms of  the Coliform Group

            Average  concentration of coliform bacteria to exceed 240  per 100
            milliliters with 20 percent of the samples not to exceed  1,000 per

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                                                                        A-9
         100 milliliters and fecal colifonn not to exceed 50 per 100
         milliliters with 20 percent of the samples not to exceed 200 per
         100 milliliters.

     B.  Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

         DO to be less than 75 percent of saturation at seasonal low or
         less than 100 percent saturation in spawning areas during spawn-
         ing, hatching, and fry stages of salmonid fishes.

     C.  Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH)

         pH values to be outside the range of 6.5 to 9.0.  Induced vari-
         ation not to be more than 0.5 pH unit.

     D.  Temperature

         Any measurable increase when stream temperatures are 66*F. or
         above, or more than 2°F. increase when stream temperatures are
         64°F. or less.

     E.  Turbidity

         Turbidity, other than of natural origin, to exceed 5 Jackson
         Turbidity Units (JTU).

     F.  Phosphorus JJT Nitrogen Compounds

         Measurable concentration of phosphorus or nitrogen compounds
         above those of natural origin.

8.   REGULATIONS GOVERNING WASTE DISCHARGES

     A.  Any person or persons, corporation, officers of any municipality,
         sewer district or association which owns or operates any facility
         or carries out any operation which results in the discharge of
         waste water shall furnish to the Department of Health such Infor-
         mation concerning quality and quantity of discharged waste waters
         and maintain such treatment records as the Department may reason-
         ably require to evaluate the effects on any receiving waters.

     B.  For the purposes of these regulations, minimum adequate treatment
         for domestic sewage or industrial wastes containing significant
         organic material shall be equal to that which is commonly known
         as secondary treatment or the equivalent of 35 percent removal
         of the biochemical oxygen demand including adequate disinfection
         of any wastes which may contain organisms that may produce disease
         in man or animals.  In industrial processes, in-plant process
         controls or alterations, carried out for the primary purpose of
         waste reduction, shall be considered as a part of the treatment

-------
A-10
             process.  Exceptions to secondary treatment requirements may be
             made by the Department of Health when it can be demonstrated that
             such exceptions will not adversely affect classified water quality
             and will offer adequate protection for all beneficial uses.
             Failure to provide adequate treatment shall be considered a vio-
             lation of these regulations.

         C.  Any person, persons, corporation or officials of a municipality
             or sewer district who owns or operates any sewage or other water-
             borne waste treatment facility shall at all times operate such
             facility under reasonably competent supervision and with the
             highest efficiency that can reasonably be expected and shall
             maintain such facility in good repair.

         D.  In cases of subsurface sewage or waste disposal, such disposal
             facilities shall be so located that such sources of pollution
             including bacteriological, organic or inorganic nutrient pollution
             will not or will not be likely to enter adjacent waters.  In no
             case shall any portion of such disposal system be located closer
             than 50 feet horizontally from the edge of any water course,
             including lakes or reservoirs, as determined from the known high-
             est water level of such water course, lake or reservoir.  Impro-
             perly or inadequately treated sewage shall not be allowed to
             accumulate on the ground surface in such a manner that it may
             create a health hazard.

         E.  It shall be a violation of these regulations to store, dispose
             of, or allow to accumulate any deleterious material adjacent to
             or in the immediate vicinity of any portions of the waters of
             the State in such a manner that such material will or is likely
             to enter the stream at times of high water or runoff or where
             drainage from such materials or accidental failure of storage
             facilities may transport or allow deleterious material into the
             water course.  Such materials shall include, but not be limited
             to, trash, rubbish, garbage, oil, gasoline, chemicals, sawdust
             and accumulations of manure.                         '

         F.  In case of accidental spills of deleterious materials, persons in
             responsible charge shall make every reasonable effort to contain
             spilled material in such a manner that it will not contaminate or
             pollute any waters of the State, and shall immediately notify the
             Department of Health of any such spills.

         G.  Sewage sludge or solid material which may contain disease-producing
             organisms, when applied to lawns, root crop fields or fields pro-
             ducing foods which may be consumed raw, or otherwise used in such
             a manner that exposure to persons may be a health hazard, shall be
             heated to 135°F. or higher for a period of one hour or any equi-
             valent combination of time and temperature approved by the
             Department of Health before such use.

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                                                                         A-ll
     H.  Waste discharges to underground waters shall receive, prior to
         discharge of such wastes, such treatment as is necessary to render
         them equal in quality to existing underground waters or such treat-
         ment as is necessary to bring such discharge into conformance with
         the Idaho Drinking Water Standards.  The provisions of Paragraph
         8H will not be considered as strictly applicable to the existing
         sink wells used exclusively for irrigation waste water disposal
         where such disposal does not adversely affect domestic water
         sources.  However, it should be recognized that the long-term
         preservation of Idaho's vast underground water resources is of
         great importance and that every reasonable effort should be made
         to reduce pollution from this source and that a long-term research
         and development program should be established that will lead to
         the total elimination of disposal wells that directly affect under-
         ground aquifers that are not subject to adequate filtration and
         percolation to eliminate significant pollution.

         Further, this paragraph shall not be construed to preclude the
         use of deep disposal wells which may be constructed to discharge
         into underground water strata whose quality is such that it is
         not likely to be used for other beneficial purposes, provided
         necessary precautions are taken to prevent contamination of
         usable aquifers.

     I.  Sewage Treatment Design Standards and Subsurface Sewage Disposal
         Standards, as adopted by the Idaho Department of Health, shall be
         revised from time to time and shall be used as a guide in the
         review of plans and specifications for waste treatment facilities
         as required by Section 39-112, Idaho Code.

     Regulations relating to Water Pollution Control adopted by the Idaho
State Board of Health May 11, 1959, are hereby rescinded.

     These Regulations shall be in full force and effect on and after
September 4, 1968.

     Section 39-112, Par. E — All plans and specifications for the con-
struction of new sewage systems, sewage treatment or disposal plants or
systems, or other waste treatment, or disposal facilities, or for improve-
ment or extensions to existing sewerage systems or sewage treatment or
disposal plants, shall be submitted to and be approved by the board, before
construction thereof may begin.

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                        APPENDIX B







       EXTRACTS FROM OREOON WATER QUALITY STANDARDS




                    WHICH APPLY TO THE




SNAKE RIVER-WALTERS FERRY TO DOWNSTREAM FROM WEISER, IDAHO

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                                                                        B-l
            EXTRACTS FROM OREGON WATER QUALITY STANDARDS
                         WHICH APPLY TO THE
     SNAKE RIVER-WALTERS FERRY TO DOWNSTREAM FROM WEISER, IDAHO
"11-011   RESTRICTIONS ON THE DISCHARGE OF SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTES
          AND HUMAN ACTIVITIES WHICH AFFECT WATER QUALITY IN THE WATERS
          OF THE STATE.  No wastes shall be discharged and no activities
          shall be conducted such that said wastes or activities either
          alone or in combination with other wastes or activities will
          violate or can reasonably be expected to violate, any of the
          general or special water quality standards contained in this
          subdivision.

"11-015   MAINTENANCE OF STANDARDS OR QUALITY.  (1)  The degree of waste
          treatment required to restore and maintain the above standards
          of quality shall be determined in each instance by the State
          Sanitary Authority and shall be based upon the following:
          (a)  The uses which are or may likely be made of the receiving
               stream.
          (b)  The size and nature of flow of the receiving stream.
          (c)  The quantity and quality of the sewage or wastes to be
               treated, and
          (d)  The presence or absence of other sources of pollution on
               the same watershed.
          (2)  All sewage shall receive a minimum of secondary treatment
          or equivalent (equal to at least 85% removal of 5-day biochemical
          oxygen demand and suspended solids) and shall be effectively
          disinfected before being discharged into any public waters of
          the state.

"11-016   GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS.  The following General Water
          Quality Standards shall apply to all waters of the state except
          where they are clearly superseded by Special Water Quality Stan-
          dards applicable to specifically designated waters of the state.
               No wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be
          conducted which either alone or in combination with other wastes
          or activities will cause in any waters of the state:
          1)  The dissolved oxygen content of surface waters to be less
              than six (6) milligrams per liter unless specified other-
              wise by special standard.
          2)  The hydrogen-ion concentration (pH) of the waters to be
              outside the range of 6.5 to 8.5 unless specified otherwise
              by special standard.
          3)  The liberation of dissolved gases, such as carbon-dioxide,
              hydrogen sulfide or any other gases, in sufficient quantities

-------
B-2
                   to cause objectionable odors or to be deleterious to fish
                   or other aquatic life, navigation, recreation, or other
                   reasonable uses made of such waters.
               4)  The development of fungi or other growths having a delete-
                   rious effect on stream bottoms, fish or other aquatic life,
                   or which and injurious to health, recreation or industry.
               5)  The creation of tastes or odors or toxic or other conditions
                   that are deleterious to fish or other aquatic life or affect
                   the potability of drinking water or the palatability of fish
                   or shellfish.
               6)  The formation of appreciable bottom or sludge deposits or
                   the formation of any organic or inorganic deposits delete-
                   rious to fish or other aquatic life or injurious to public
                   health, recreation or industry.
               7)  Objectionable discoloration, turbidity, scum, oily sleek or
                   floating solids, or coat the aquatic life with oil films.
               8)  Bacterial pollution or other conditions deleterious to
                   waters used for domestic purposes, livestock watering, irri-
                   gation, bathing, or shellfish propagation, or be otherwise
                   injurious to public health.
               9)  Any measurable increase in temperature when the receiving
                   water temperatures are 64°F. or above, or more than 2°F.
                   increase when receiving water temperatures are 62°F or less.
              10)  Aesthetic conditions offensive to the human senses of sight,
                   taste, smell or touch.
              11)  Radioisotope concentrations to exceed Maximum Permissible
                   Concentrations (MFC's) in drinking water, edible fishes or
                   shellfishes, wildlife, irrigated crops, livestock and dairy
                   products or pose an external radiation hazard.

     "11-033   WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR THE MAIN STEM OF THE SNAKE RIVER IN
               AND ADJACENT TO OREGON.  The provisions of this section shall
               be in addition to and not in lieu of the General Water Quality
               Standards contained in Section 11-016, except where this section
               imposes a conflicting requirement with the provisions of
               Section 11-016, this section shall govern.
                    No wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be
               conducted which either alone or in combination with other wastes
               or activities will cause in the waters of the Snake River:
               1)  Dissolved Oxygen (DO)
                       DO concentrations of surface waters to be less than
                       75% of saturation at seasonal low or less than 95% of
                       saturation in spawning areas during spawning, hatching
                       and fry stages of salmonid fishes.
               2)  Organisms of the Coliform Group Where Associated with Fecal
                   Sources (MPN or equivalent MF using a representative number
                   of Samples)
                       Average concentrations of coliform bacteria to exceed
                       1000 per 100 ml, with 20% of samples not to exceed
                       2400 per 100 ml.

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                                                              B-3
3)  Turbidity (Jackson Turbidity Units, JTU)
        Turbidity to exceed 5 JTU above natural background
        values except for certain short-term activities which
        nay be specifically authorized by the Sanitary Authority
        under such conditions as it may prescribe and which are
        necessary to accommodate essential dredging or construc-
        tion where turbidities in excess of this standard are
        unavoidable.
4)  Temperature
        Any measurable increase when river temperatures are
        70°F. or above, or more than 2°F. increase when river
        temperatures are 68°F. or less.
5)  Dissolved Chemical Substances
    Guide concentrations listed below to be exceeded except as
    may be specifically authorized by the Sanitary Authority
    upon such conditions as it may deem necessary to carry out
    the general intent of Section 11-008 of this subdivision
    and to protect the beneficial uses set forth in Table A.

                                                   mg/1

         Arsenic (As)                               0.01
         Barium (Ba)                                1.0
         Boron (Bo)                                 0.5
         Cadmium (Cd)                               0.01
         Chloride (Cl)                             50
         Chromium (Cr)                              0.05
         Copper (Cu)                                0.005
         Cyanide (CN)                               0.01
         Fluoride (F)                               1.0
         Iron (Fe)                                  0.1
         Lead (Pb)                                  0.05
         Manganese (Mn)                             0.05
         Phenols (totals)                           0.001
         Total dissolved solids                   750
         Zinc (Zn)                                  0.1
         Heavy metals (Totals                       0.5
            including Cu, Pb, Zn,
            and others of non-
            specific designation)
6)  Hydrogen-Ion Concentration (pH)
         pH values to fall outside the range of 7.0 to 9.0."

-------
 APPENDIX C
STUDY METHODS

-------
                                                                        C-l
                            STUDY METHODS




A.  WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS




     Six municipal and six industrial waste sources were investigated.




Background data on these sources were obtained from the Idaho Environ-




mental Improvement Division files, STORET inventories, and 1899 Refuse




Act Permit applications.




     Three-day influent and effluent sampling was done at all municipal




waste sources, except the Nampa, Idaho, facility, which was sampled for




four days.  Intermediate points were sampled at the Boise and Nampa plants.




Wastewater samples were collected manually at Nampa; automatic sampling




equipment (SERCO) was used at the other facilities.  Samples were com-




posited on a 24-hour flow-weighted basis.  These samples were iced during




collection and transportation.  Chemical analyses included BOD, COD, TOC,




and nutrients.  Periodic measurements were made for pH, temperature, con-




ductivity, and chlorine residual (effluent only).  Grab samples were col-




lected for bacteriological analyses.  When flow-measuring devices were




not available at a plant, continuous flow recorders (Stevens Model F)




were used.




     Samples were collected manually at the J. R. Simplot Company.  Auto-




matic sampling equipment was used at the five other industries.  Samples




were composited on a 24-hour flow-weighted basis at the J. R. Simplot




Company and the Amalgamated Sugar Company.  An equal volume basis for




sample composites was used at the other industries.  Flows were measured




continuously at all the industries except Boise Cascade and Triangle Dairy

-------
C-2
   where instantaneous flows were measured.   Bacteriological grab samples

   were collected at all waste-source locations except Boise Cascade.  Mea-

   surements were made for pH, temperature,  and conductivity periodically

   during the survey.  All samples were transported to the EPA mobile

   laboratory at Nampa.  BOD and DO analyses were conducted at Nampa.  All

   other samples were preserved and shipped  to the NFIC-Denver laboratory

   for analyses.


   Chemical, Physical, and Bacteriological Parameters

        The BOD and DO analyses were conducted according to Standard Methods,—

   using the azide modifications of the Winkler method.

        Bacteriological analyses for total and fecal coliforms and for fecal

   streptococci were performed according to  Standard Methods, using the

   membrane filter technique.

        All other chemical analyses and field measurements were conducted
                                                                            2/
   in accordance with EPA Methods for Chemical Analysis  of Water and Wastes.—

        Salmonella sampling was accomplished by submerging sterile gauze pads

   at selected locations for 5- to 7-day periods.  The pads were retrieved,

   placed in plastic bags, chilled, and transported to the EPA mobile lab-

   oratory for analysis (within 6 hours after collection).  Because there

   is no standard procedure for detection of Salmonella  in surface waters,

   the elevated temperature technique of Spino—  was used  with modifications.
   1  Standard Methods for the Exami.nati.on of Water and Wastewater, 13th
      Edition, American Public Health  Association.  New York,  New York. 1971.
   2  Methods for Chemical Analysis  of Water and Wastes,  Environmental Pro-
      tection Agency, National Environmental Research. Center, Analytical
      Quality Control Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio. 1971.
   3  Donald F. Spino "Elevated-Temperature Technique for the Isolation
      of Salmonella from Streams,"  Applied fficrobiology, Vol 14, No. 4,
      pp 591-595. July 1966.

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                                                                       C-3
Selective enrichment media included dulcito-Selenite enrichment broth and




tetrathionate-broth base.  Growth from these media containing the pads




were subsequently streaked onto selective plating media that consisted




of Brilliant Green and XLD agars.  Colonies with characteristics typical




of Salmonella were picked and subjected to biochemical identification,




using a commercial multi-test system.  Representative Salmonella isolated




from each location were sent to the National Center for Communicable




Disease, Atlanta, Georgia, for serological identification.






B.  STREAM SURVEYS




     The stream surveys were conducted October 27-November 10, 1971, in




two, 7-day phases.  The first phase (October 27-November 2) included the




Snake River and selected stations of the Owyhee, Boise, Malheur, Payette,




and Weiser Rivers.  The second phase (November 4-10) included Indian




Creek and the Boise and Payette Rivers.




     Samples for chemical analyses were collected in clean, unused con-




tainers; those for bacteriological analyses were collected in sterile




glass containers, iced, and transported to the laboratory, all within




6 hours.  Dissolved oxygen samples were collected in 300 ml bottles




using an APHA sampler.  The samples, except those for BOD analyses,




were preserved, iced, and transported to the NFIC-D laboratory for




analyses.  BOD samples were analyzed at the EPA mobile laboratory sta-




tioned in Nampa, Idaho.




     The pH, conductivity, and temperature were measured in the field at




the time of sampling.  Flow data were collected from existing gaging




stations where possible.

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C-4
         All chemical, physical, and bacteriological analyses were performed




    in accordance with the methods outlined in Section A of this appendix.





    C.  BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS




    Aquatic Growths




         Artificial substrates used in this study were designed for collecting




    both benthic and periphytic organisms from 12 locations in the Snake and




    Boise Rivers.  The part of the substrate designed to accumulate periphyton




    growths consisted of a series of eight 1 x 3-inch glass slides attached to




    a nylon line with clothespins [Figure C-l].   After a 14-day exposure in




    the stream, four slides from each substrate assembly were placed in 10




    percent formalin (for microscropic examination)  and 90 percent acetone




    (for chlorophyll analyses), respectively.   Those slides placed in acetone




    were stored on dry ice in the dark.




         In the laboratory, aquatic growths from the glass slides were analyzed




    according to Standard Methods for the following: (1) extracted chlorophyll




    (2) total and volatile solids, and (3)  enumeration of attached organisms.




    Most organisms were identified to the generic level.





    Benthos




         Bottom-dwelling invertebrates were sampled  using Hester-Dendy arti-




    ficial substrates [Figure C-l] and standard qualitative and quantitative




    bottom sampling gear.  After 14 days  of exposure, substrates were recovered,




    and the invertebrates found were preserved in 10 percent formalin.  Addition-




    ally, qualitative or quantitative samples  of benthos were collected at




    each station and similarly preserved.   Results from the artificial sub-




    strates were expressed as number of animals per  substrate;  results from

-------
                                                                         C-5
Ekman, Petersen, and Surber samplers were expressed as number of animals




per square foot.  Organisms collected in qualitative samples, on the




Hester-Dendy substrates, were assigned values of one organism per square




foot, and included with quantitative data.






Fish Population




     The Idaho Fish and Game Department provided a checklist of fish




found in the Boise and Snake Rivers.  The relative distribution of some




of these fish was determined during this study by electroshocking.






Fish Palatability Tests




     Six-inch rainbow trout, obtained from the Eagle Fish Hatchery, Idaho




Fish and Game Department, were used for palatability studies.  The test




fish were transferred from the hatchery growth pond to an aerated tank




filled with hatchery water for transport to the various test sections.




     At the start of the test, healthy fish were killed, gutted, wrapped




in foil, and frozen with dry ice for use as a flavor reference sample.




The remaining fish were used for palatability tests after stream exposure.




     Wire baskets, each containing 10 fish, were placed at the selected




river stations.  After 72-hour exposures, the fish were retrieved and




examined.  Survivors were killed, gutted, wrapped in foil, and frozen with




dry ice.  The frozen fish were shipped to the Department of Food Science




and Technology at Oregon State University, Corvallis, for flavor evalu-




ations by a panel of experienced judges.




     For testing, the frozen samples were thawed for 2 hours so the fish




could be separated and beheaded.  Partially frozen samples were enclosed

-------
                                                                   C-6
separately in aluminum foil,  placed  on  a broiler cooking pan, and cooked




in a gas oven at 400°F until  the  flesh  flaked  from the  bones, approximately




60 minutes.  The cooked fish  were skinned,  boned, lightly mixed to insure




uniform serving samples, and  placed  iin the top of double boilers over




hot water for serving.  Samples were served in coded  paper cups (including




a duplicate control sample) and were were compared with the reference control




sample.  The Judges scored the intensity of off-flavor  from 7 (no off-flavor)




to 1 (very extreme off-flavor) and scored the  hedonic value from 7 (very




desirable) to 1 (very undesirable).   When the  quantity  of sample was suf-




ficient, the test was repeated.

-------
      APPENDIX D





LIST OF STREAM STATIONS

-------
               TABLE D-l
   STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS IN THE
SNAKE RIVER AND PRINCIPAL TRIBUTARIES
             IDAHO - OREGON
                                      Type of Analysis  Performed
Map Key
1
2
3
1|
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
li)
15
16
17
Station Description
Snake River at Walters Ferry, Idaho
Snake River at Marsing, Idaho
Snake River at Homedale, Idaho
Snake River at Adrian, Oregon
Owyhee River at Mouth
Boi.se River at Mouth
Boise River at Parma, Idaho
Boise River at Notus, Idaho
Boise River, upstream of Simplot
Indian Creek at Mouth
Indian Creek, upstream of Cal dwell
Indian Creek at Midway Road
Indian Creek, upstream of Nampa Treatment Plant
Indian Creek, downstream from Armmir
Indian Creek, upstream of Armour
Boise River at Caldwel 1
Boise River, south of Middleton
River
Miles Chemical
M2.5
l*2k.O
1|16.0
'toi.S
392.3/2.9
391.3/0.1
391.3/5.0
391.3/13.8
391.3/17.7
391.3/19.7/0.1
391.3/19.7/2.8
391.3/19.7/5.0
391.3/19.7/7.5
391. 3/19. 7/10. it
391.3/19.7/11.9
391.3/21.8
391.3/26.5
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Bacteriological
X


X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X


X

Biological
Aquatic Growths Fish Palatability Benthos
X
X
X XX
X XX
X.
X
X XX
X X

X
X
X

X .
X
X XX
X

-------
          TABLE U-l  (Cont.)
   STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS IN THE
SNAKE RIVER AND PRINCIPAL TRIBUTARY'S
             IDAHO - OREGON
                                      Type of Analysis Performed
Map Key
18
19
20
21
22
23
21*
25
26
27
28
29
30
32
33
34
35
36
Station Description
Boise River, south of Star
Boise River at Strawberry Glen Bridge
Boise River at Capitol Boulevard
Boise River at Eckert Road
Snake River, downstream from Boise River
Snake River, upstream of Nyssa, Oregon
Snake River, downstream from Nyssa, Oregon
Snake River, upstream of Ontario, Oregon
Snake River, upstream of Malheur River
Malheur River at Mouth
Snake River, upstream of Payette River
Payette River at Mouth
Payette River at Payette
Payette River at New Plymouth
Payette River at Letha
Payette River, downstream from Emmett, Idaho
Payette River at Emmett
Snake River, downstream from Payette River
River
Miles
391.3/33.9
391.3A7.1
391.3/52.8
391.3/58.2
390.5
389.0
387.0
373.0
369.0
368.5/1.0
367.0
365.6/0.1
365.6A.1
365.6/23.5
365.6/28.0
365.6/32.0
365.6/33.3
36*). 0
Chemical
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Bacteriological

X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Biological
Aquatic Growths Fish Palatability Benthos
X X
X X
X
X XX
X X
X X
X X
X X
X X
X
X X
X
X
X



X XX

-------
          TABLE n-1 fCnnt.}
   STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS IN THE
SNAKE RIVER AND PRINCIPAL TRIBUTARIES
             IDAHO - OREGON
                                      Type of Analysis Performed
Map Key
37
38
39
Station Description
Snake River, upstream of Weiser, Idaho
Weiser River at Mouth
Snake River, downstream from Weiser, Idaho
River
Miles
353.9
351-8
350.3
Chemical
X
X
X
Bacteriological
X
X
X
Biological
Aquatic Growths Fish Palatability Benthos
X X
X
• X XX

-------
             APPENDIX E
FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL  DATA
            STREAM SURVEY

-------
                                                            TABLE E-l

                      SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND  CHEMICAL DATA AT SELECTED STATIONS ON INDIAN CREEK
                                                       NOVEMBER 4-10,  1971
Map
Key
15
14
13
12
11
Station Description
Indian Creek
of Armour
(RM 391.3/19
Indian Creek
of Nampa
(RM 391.3/19
, upstreav
.7/11.9)
, upstream
.7/10.4)
Indian Creek, upstream
of the Nampa Wastewater
tTreatment Plant
(RM 391.3/19.7/7.5)
Indian Creek
Midway Road
(RM 391.3/19
Indian Creek
of Caldwell
(RM 391.3/19
at
.7/5.0)
, upstream
.7/2.8)
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
Temp. Cond. pH D
°C ymhos/cm S.U.
9
5.5-11.5 470-750 7.7-8.1 8
9
6.5-10.5 750-800 7.8-8.0 8
8
9.0-13.0 625-750 7.7-8.0 8
4
13.0-15.5 775-825 7.4-7.7 3
5
11.5-15.0 750-800 7.5-8.0 3
issolved
mg/1
.8
.8-10.8
.3
.3-10.4
.7
.2-9.4
.4
.2-5.8
.2
.6-6.4
Oxygen
% Sat.
92
80-105
90
84-103
87
89-95
47
34-61
54
40-65
Alkalinity
mg/1 as
CaCO,
283
274-294
289
276-306
277
268-287
302
288-327
300
291-321
b/
BOET
mg/1
4.3
<2-10.0

2.8^
13.0
7.6-20.0
9.2*'
TOC
mg/1
5
3-7
5
4-7
5
2-14
11
9-14
9
6-13
10      Indian Creek at
        Mouth
        (RM 391.3/19.7/0.1)
AVERAGE
8.1
82
  RANGE   10.0-14.0  600-775  7.8-8.2  7.4-8.6   76-88
281          7.5       5
260-303   4.3-11.2    4-5
       a/  This is a single value.
       b_/  All values  recorded as "less than" have not been used to calculate average.
                                                                                                                     m
                                                                                                                     i

-------
                                                                       TABLE E-2

                                                    SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL DATA
                                                        AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE BOISE RIVER
                                                                 NOVEMBER 4-10, 1971
Map
Key
21


20


19



18


17


16


9

Temp Cond .
Station Description °C vimhos/cm
Boise River, upstream Range 4.5-7.5 80-85
of Boise Average
(RM 391.3/58.2)
Boise River at. Range 5.0-7.0 70-100
Capitol Blvd.— Average
(RM 391.3/52.8)
Boise River at Range 5.0-7.0 150-170
Strawberry Glen Average
Bridge
(RM 391.3/47.1)
Boise River, south Range 5.5-6.0 190-250
of Star Average
(RM 391.3/33.9)
Boise River, south Range 4.5-5.5 310-340
of Mlddleton Average
(RM 391.3/26.5)
Boise River, upstream Range 5.5-6.5 430-480
of Caldwell Average
(RM 391.3/21.8)
Boise River, upstream Range 6.0-9.5 480-580
of Simplot Average
Dissolved
Oxygen
pH mg/1
7.1-7.6 9.9-11.4
10.6

6.9-8.6 9.7-13.6
11.7

7.1-7.7 9.2-12.4
10.8


7.3-8.1 9.0-13.0
10.9

7.5-8.5 9.5-14.8
11.9

7.6-8.2 9.4-12.7
11.0

7.9-8.1 9.4-10.3
9.9
% Sat.
86-102
95

84-118
104

80-109
96


79-110
95

83-130
104

84-114
98

85-97
91
Alkalinity
mg/1 as
CaCO-t
36-50
42

41-67
47

60-103
70


91-135
105

113-192
137

142-176
166

208-218
212
BOD TOC
mg/1 mg/1
/ 1~3
<2- 2

1-3
<2-' 2

<2-8.1 1-7
5.7 4


2.1-4.8 2-9
3.5 5

d/ 2'5
8.1-' 4

<2-8.2
4.6

4.1-4.8 3-5
4.4 4
Kj NH-,
mg/1 as N
<,.£/
<0.1—

0.2
<0.1—

<0.1-1.9 <0.1-0.4
1.1 0.3


0.3-0.7 0.1-0.3
0.5 0.2

<0.1-0.4 0.2-'
0.3

<0.1-0.7 <0.1-0.2
0.4 0.1

0.1-0.6 <0. 1-0.1
0.4 0.1
NO? + NOi

0.10-0.15
0.14

0.08-0.13
0.11

0.28-0.38
0.32


0.75-1.03
0.89

0.63-1.47
1.16

1.43-1.73
1.67

1.70-2.20
1.95
Total P
mg/1
0.01-0.06
0.04

<0. 01-0. 13
0.05

0.39-0.77
0.6


0.34-0.59
0.44

0.20-0.44
0.33

0.24-0.37
0.31

0.38-0.45
0.42
(RM 391.3/17.7)

-------
                                                                       TABLE E-2  (Cont.)

                                                         SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS  AND  CHEMICAL DATA
                                                             AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE BOISE  RIVER
                                                                      NOVEMBER  4-10, 1971
Map
Key
8
7
Temp Cond.
Station Description °C (imhos/cm
Boise River at
NotusS/
(RM 391.3/13.8)
Boise River at
Parmai/
(RM 391.3/5.0)
Range 5.0-9.0 700-850
Average
Range 5.0-8.0 700-900
Average
Dissolved
Oxygen
pH mg/1
7.1-8.1 6.4-10.4
8.5
8.1-8.2 8.4-11.2
9.6
% Sat.
60-97
77
79-105
87
Alkalinity
mg/1 as BOD
CaCXh mg/1
206-231
216
199-240
222
3.1-13.0
7.8
2.5-6.6
3.6
TOC
rag/1
2-6
4
2-5
3
KJ

0.2-1.9
0.7
0.2-1.7
0.7
NH-i NO? + NO-j
mg/1 as N
<0.1-0.5 1.60-2.20
0.3 1.88
0.7-' 0.63-2.30
1.82
Total P
mg/1
0.41-0.76
' '0.56
0.35-0.40
: 0.36
a/ All values are equal.
b/ All other values were less than detectable.
cj Stream flow averaged 106 cfs, with a  range of  23-120  cfs.
d/ Single value.
e/ Stream flow was measured as 885 cfs on all days  of  the  survey.
f/ Stream flow averaged 1115 cfs, ranging from 1061 to 1218  cfs.   This  station was  also sampled October 27-November 2,  1971.

-------
                                                                          TABLE E-3

                                                       SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL DATA
                                                          AT SELECTED STATIONS ON THE PAYETTE RIVER
                                                                     NOVEMBER 4-10, 1971
                                                                                         Alkalinity
Map     Station                 Flow      Temp.    Cond.             Dissolved Oxygen     mg/1 as     BOD    TOC      Kj _ NH^    NO? + NO-i    Total P
Key   Description _ cfs _ ^C _ umhos/cm    pH _ mg/1 _ % Sat.    CaCO^ _ mg/1   mg/1 _ mg/1 as N _ mg/1
35  Payette River    Range     890-1020  2.0-5.0  130-160   7.4-8.7  10.5-12.8   88-109    34-49     <2-3.8  2-4   <0.1-0.4        .  0.04-0.10   0.02-0.07
    Eramett           Average     977       .                            12.2       102       39        3.4     3       0.3    <0.1-      0.07        0.05
    (RM 365.6/33.3)

34  Payette River,   Range               4.0-5.0  130-170   8.2-8.5  11.8-12.9  100-108    34-47         ,    2-3      0.1-         .  0.04-0.05   0.03-0.04
    downstream from  Average                                           12.4       105       40       <2-      3              <0.1— '     0.04        0.03
  .  (RM 365.6/32.0)

33  Payette River    Range     800-900   2.0-5.0  150-180   7.4-8.8  10.8-13.8   91-118    39-53     <2-4.2  2-5   <0. 1-1.0        ,  0.04-0.10   0.03-0.05
    at Letha Bridge  Average     850                                   12.2       101       46        3.1     3       0.6    <0.1-      0.06        0.04
    (RM 365.6/28.0)

32  Payette River    Range     800-1400  2.0-7.0  200-260   7.9-8.7  10.8-13.0   93-111    67-79         .    2-3      !.(£'        .  0.09-0.19   0.02-0.09
    at New Plymouth  Average    1100                                   11.9       101       73       <2-'     2              <0.1-      0.14        0.06
    (RM 365.6/23.5)

30  Payette River    Range    1050-1680  4.0-7.0  250-290   8.0-8.6  11.2-12.8   96-107    73-177    <2-2.8  2-5      0.2-           0.14-0.23  <0. 01-0. 06
    at Payette       Average    1360                                   11.9       102       108       2.8     3              <0.1-      0.18        0.05
    (RM 366.6/4.1)
a/ All values are equal.
b_/ All other values were less than detectable.
cl This station was also sampled during the period October  27-November  2, 1971.

-------
                              TABLE E-4

SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL DATA AT SELECTED STATIONS
 SNAKE RIVER BASIN - WALTERS FERRY TO DOWNSTREAM FROM WEISER,  IDAHO
                     OCTOBER 27-NOVEMBER 2, 1971
Temp.
Map Key Station Description °C
1


2


3


4


5


7


6


Cond. pH Dissolved
ymhos/cm S. U. mg/1
Oxygen
% Sat.
Alkalinity
mg/1 as
CaC03
f/ mq/1 as N
mg/1
TOC
mg/1
U U
K, NH3 N02 + N03
Snake River at Walters
Ferry (RM 442.5)

Snake River at
Marshing
ORM 424.0)
Snake River at
Homedal e
(RM 416.0)
Snake River at
Adrian
(RM 401.8)
Owyhee River
near mouth
(RM 392.3/2.9)
Boise River—'
at Parma
(RM 391.3/5.0)
Boise River
near mouth
(RM 391.3/0.1)
AVERAGE
RANGE 7.0-9.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 6.5-9.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 6.5-9.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 5.0-9.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 1.5-8.5

AVERAGE
RANGE 6.0-9.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 3.0-9.0
11.5
400-800 8.2-8.4 10.4-12.9

11.5
480-725 8.0-8.6 9.9-13.2

11.5
480-775 8.0-8.6 10.7-13.0

11.3
500-775 8.1-8.6 10.1-12.4

13.7
1,300-3,000 6.5-8.5 8.9-16.6

9.8
310-1.100 7.7-8.1 7.5-11.9

10.0
420-750 7.2-8.5 8.6-11.2
105
97-118

104
93-120

104
92-117

102
91-112

120
79-148

88
68-110

88
78-99
179
171-202

176
167-184

178
173-183

182
176-185

314
302-340

237
215-244

235
222-243
2.9
<2-3.8

2.7
<2-3.2 -

2.8
<2-3.7

3.0
<2-3.8

3.0
<2-3.8

3.6
2.7-7.2

4/0
<2-7.0
3
1-6

3
2-4

2
1-4

3
2-5

5
3-8

3
2-4

3
3-4
0.1
<0.1-0.2

0.1
<0.1-0.2

0.2
<0.1-0.2

0.3
<0.1-0.8

0.3
0.3-0.4

0.4
0.2-0.9

0.4
0.1-0.6
I/
<0.1 0.68
' 0.65-0.
a/
<0.1 0.67
0.65-0.
a/
<0.1 0.67
0.65-0.
a/
<0.1~' 0.74
0.70^0.
a/
<0.1J 2.25
2.03-2.
a/
0.1 2.04
1.75-2.

0.1 2.04
<0. 1-0.2 1.68-2


70


68


73


83


48


50


.45
Total P
mg/1

0.06
0.05-0.07

0.07
0.05-0.12

0.06
0.04-0.07

0.06
0.05-0.08

0.12
0.09-0.27

0.35
0.25-0.65

0.38
0.27-0.68

-------
                          TABLE E-4 (Cont.)

SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND CHEMICAL DATA AT SELECTED STATIONS
 SNAKE RIVER BASIN - WALTERS FERRY TO DOWNSTREAM FROM WEISER, IDAHO
                   OCTOBER 27-NOVEMBER 2, 1971
Map Key
22



23


24


25


26


27


28


Station Description
Snake River, down-
stream from the
Boise River
(RM 390.5)
Snake River at
Nyssa
(RM 389.0)
Snake River, down-
stream from Nyssa
(RM 387.0)
Snake River, up-
stream of Ontario
(RM 373.0)
Snake River, up-
stream of Malheur
River (RM 369.0)
Malheur River
near mouth
(RM 368.5/0.1)
Snake River, up-
stream of Payette
River (RM 367.0)
Temp.
°C


AVERAGE
RANGE 3.0-9.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 3.0-10.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 4.0-10.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 5.0-10.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 4.0-10.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 3.0-7.5

AVERAGE
RANGE 5.0-8.0
Cond. pH Dissolved
umhos/cm S. U. mg/1


10.
390-610 7.4-8.5 9.

11.
230-530 7.2-8.7 10.

11.
480-580 7.1-9.0 10.

11.
450-600 7.2-8.6 10.

11.
500-580 7.2-8.6 10.

11.
1,250-2,200 8.0-8.4 9.

11.
440-600 7.2-8.7 10.


8
3-11.8

2
6-12.0

3
8-11.8

2
8-11.8

1
1-11.6

4
6-13.4

0
6-11.3
Oxygen
% Sat.


95
77-106

97
87-107

100
91-105

97
92-103

98
91-104

97
87-112

97
93-103
Alkalinity
mg/1 as
CaC03


207
181-239

177
160-185

186
175-208

189
175-222

184
172-202

402
370-431

196
180-227
BOD^/
mg/1


2.5
2.2-3.2

2.6
<2-3.1

- 3.0
<2-4.3

2.8
2.3-3.4

3.5
<2-5.6

2.3
<2-2.6

3.0
2.4-3.9
TOC
mg/1


3
1-4

2
1-4

3
2-4

3
1-4

2
2-3

6
4-8

3
1-4
mg/1 as N
I/ 11
K - MM.*

j /
0.2 y
<0.1-0.4 <0.1-0.
a/
0.2 <0.1-'
<0.1-0.2
a/
0.2 <0.1-
<0.1-0.3
a/
0.2 <0.1~
<0.1-0.3
a/
0.3 -
<0.1-0.4 <0.1-0.
a/
0.3 <0.1~
0.2-0.4
I/
0.2 <0.1
0.1-0.3
N02 + N03


1.12
1 0.90-1.70

0.72
0.68-0.74

0.76
0.70-0.83

0.78
0.73-0.90

0.79
,5 0.69-0.83

2.11
1.83-2.40

1.38
0.65-3.95
Total P
mg/1


0.10
0.08-0.14

0.06
0.04-0.09

0.07
0.06-0.09

0.07
0.05-0.10

0.07
0.05-0.08

0.32
0.28-0.43

0.07
0.05-0.10

-------
                                                                               TABLE  E-4  (Cont.)

                                                     SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS  AND CHEMICAL DATA AT SELECTED STATIONS
                                                      SNAKE RIVER BASIN -  WALTERS FERRY TO DOWNSTREAM  FROM  WEISER,  IDAHO
                                                                          OCTOBER 27-NOVEMBER 2,  1971
Map Key
30


29


33



34


35


36



a/ All
E> This
cY All
3/ All
Station Description
b/
Payette River-' at
Payette
(RM 365.6/4.1)
Payette River
• near mouth
(RM 365.6/0.1)
Snake River, down-
stream from the
Payette River
(RM 364.0)
Snake River, up-
stream of Weiser
River (RM 353.9)
Weiser River
near mouth
(RM 351.8/0.1)
Snake River, down-
stream from
Weiser^/
(RM 350.3)
Temp. Cond. pH
°C ymhos/cm S. I).

AVERAGE
RANGE 4.0-7.0 190-280 7.3-8.0

AVERAGE
RANGE 4.5-8.0 320-490 8.5-8.9


AVERAGE
RANGE 6.0-8.0 450-560 7.0-8.8

AVERAGE
RANGE 6.0-8.0 500-540 7.6-8.7

AVERAGE
RANGE 2.0-7.0 200-360 7.5-8.3

AVERAGE
RANGE 5.0-10.0 480-575 7.2-8.7

Dissolved
mg/1

11.4
10.8-12.2

10.0
7.0-11.0


11.0
10.4-11.7

10.6
10.2-11.0

11.8
10.0-13.2

10.9
10.1-11.6

Oxygen
% Sat.

98
94-107

89
59-99


98
93-104

96
94-98

97
82-112

97
93-104

Alkalinity
mg/1 as
CaC03

72
64-78

128
73-163


184
179-198

180
176-186

95
78-112

177
168-183

BOD^
mg/1

2.4
<2-2.7

2.5
<2-3.3


3.0
2.4-4.9

2.9
2.0-3.8

d/
<2-2.1

4.0
<2-3.6


TOC f/
mg/1 KJ
a/
2.1 <0.1~
1.0-6.0

2.6 0.1
2.0-4.0 <0.1-0.2


2.8 0.2
1.0-4.0 0.1-0.4

3.5 0.2
1-6 <0.1-0.3

2
1-3 <0. 1-0.1

3.6 0.2
1-6 <0.1-0.5

mq/1 as I
NH3~
ft
y
<0. 1-0.1
a/

-------
      APPENDIX F





BACTERIOLOGICAL RESULTS

-------
                                                                       Table F-l
                                               RESULTS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL  ANALYSES  AT  SELECTED  STATIONS
                                                              INDIAN CREEK STREAM SURVEY
                                                                  November VIO, 1971
Map   Station Description
Key
       Total  Conforms                           Fecal Conforms               Fecal  Streotocncct
       MF Count/100 ml         J  Samples         MF Count/100 ml                MF Count/100  ml
Maximum    Mean      Minimum   >  2,^00    Maximum     Mean     Minimum   Maximum    Mean      Minimum
13    Indian Creek, uostream of Nampa, Idaho
      (RM  391.3/19.7/7.5)

12    Indian Creek at Midway Road
      (RM  391.3/19.7/5.0)

10    Indian Creek near Mouth
      (River Mile 391-3/19.7/0.1)
 47,000    14,000      3,100       100          600       350        120     8,000     2,800       310


 86,000    30,000      3,600       100        2,700       900        270     7,000     2,300       680


 48,000    18,000      .2,500      100        12,000     2,500        390     2,700     1,300.      130

-------
                                                                   TABLE F-2
                                           RESULTS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS
                                                            BOISE RIVER STREAM SURVEY
                                                               NOVEMBER 4-10, 1971
Map
Key
21
20
16
9
8
7
Station Description
Boise River, upstream of Boise, Idaho
(RM 391.3/58.2)
Boise River at Strawberry Glen Road
(RM 391.3/47.1)
Boise River, upstream of Caldwell,
Idaho (RM 391.3/21 .8)
Boise River, upstream of J. R. Simolnt
Company (RM 391.3/17.7)
Boise River at Notus, Idaho
(RM 391.3/13.8)
Boise River at Parma, Idaho
(RM 391.3/5.0)
Total Col i forms
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Meani/
270
> 80,000
2,800
76,000
260,000
44,000
210
15,000
2,400
27,000
66,000
26,000
Minimum
130
710
1,900
4,500
2,300
3,400
% Samples
>. 2,400
-0-
85.5
66.7
100
85.5
100
Maximum
<100
39,000
800
1,300
9,300
1,500
Fecal Col i forms
MF Count/100 ml
Meani/
10
6,600
490
950
2,400
480
Minimum
<4
<100
280
320
100
160
Fecal Streptococci
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Mean— Minimum
1,200
280
1,900
1 ,800
21 ,oro
2,200
380
160
960
1 ,100
4,800
830
50
<10
500
470
450
290
— Values reported as " < " not included in calculation of mean.

-------
                                                                   TABLE  F-3
                                            RESULTS OF  BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT  SELECTED  STATIONS
                                                           PAYETTE  RIVER STREAM SURVEY
                                                              November It-10, 1971
Map
Key
35

31,

33

30

Station Description
Payette River, upstream of Emmett
(RM 365.6/33.3)
Payette River, downstream from Emmett
(RM 365.6/32.0)
Payette River at Letha Bridge
(RM 365.6/28.0)'
Payette River at Payette
(RM 365.6/4.1)
Total Conforms
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Mean—' Minimum

100 58 12

4,200 1,500 360

680 250 40

640 400 76
% Samples
>_ 2,1(00

-0-

25

-0-

-0-
Fecal Conforms
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Meani' Minimum

<100 19 <4

180 88 20

1 10 48 8

64 39 20
Fecal Streptococci
MF Count/ 100 ml
Maximum Means/ Minimum

2,300

100

280

180

340

57

100

120

8

40

40

84
— Values reported as " < " not used  in calculation of mean.

-------
                        TABLE F-4
RESULTS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS
             SNAKE RIVER BASIN STREAM SURVEY
                 October 27-November 2
                          1971
Map
Key
1
4
5
7
6
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
30
29
Station Description
Snake River at Walters Ferry (RM 442.5)
Snake River at Adrfan (RM 1)01.8)
Owyhee River near Mouth (RM 392.3/2.9)
Boise River at Parma (RM 391.3/5.0)
Boise River near Mouth (RM 391.3/0.1)
Snake River, downstream from Mouth of
the Boise River (RM 390.5)
Snake River, upstream of Nyssa (RM 389.0)
Snake River, downstream from Nyssa (RM 387.0)
Snake River, upstream of Ontario (RM 373.0)
Snake River, upstream of Malheur River
(RM 369.0)
Malheur River near Mouth (RM 368.5/0.1)
Snake River, upstream of the Payette River
(RM 367.0)
Payette River at Payette (RM 365.6/4.1)
Payette River at Mouth (RM 365.6/0.1)
Total Coll forms
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Mean— Mi
3, '(OO
6,600
6,300
130,000
> 80, 000
120,000
52,000
7,300
5,600
92,000
5,200
4,300
2,900
3,800
MOO
2,200
1,700
5,300
37,000
33,000
8,900
2,800
3,800
19,000
1,000
3,900
930
9,600
nimum
220
150
110
2,800
1,900
100
90
WO
1,900
1,300
120
3,500
290
330
% Samples
1 2,400
33.3
28.5
28.6
100
83.3
57.1
28.6
28.6
66.7
71.4
14.3
100
14
4o
Maximum
1,000
32
140
130,000
130,000
7*4,000
460
1,600
200
1,500
100
760
88
1 ,000
Fecal Conforms
MF Count/100 ml
Mean-'
190
17
74
23,000
29,000
21 ,000
130
440
160
440
51
470
64
270
Minimum
8
<10
30
690
no
<4
<4
24
120
40
8
180
16
40
Fecal Streptococci
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Mean— Minimum
15,000
>l 0,000
9,300
110,000
87,000
2,700
2,000
560
2,600
7,700
5,900
3,900
4,500
29,000
4,800
2,900
1,900
27,000
14,000
800
490
310
1 ,800 1
3,300
1 ,500
3,900 3
1,500
5,000
64
210
450
700
190
70
40
130
,200
480
570
,900
100
530

-------
                                                                          TABLE F-l*  (Cont.)
                                                     RESULTS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES AT SELECTED STATIONS
                                                                  SNAKE RIVER BASIN STREAM SURVEY
                                                                      October 27-November 2
                                                                                1971
Map
Key
36
37
38
Station Description
Snake River
at Idaho 52 Bridge (RM 36^.0)
Snake River, upstream of
(RM 353.9)
Weiser River
at Mouth (RM
the Welser River
351.8/1.0)
Total Conforms
MF Count/100 ml %
Maximum Mean_ Minimum
21)
29
2
,000
,000
,800
9
9
1
,600 •
,700
,100
2,800
1,500
130
Fecal Conforms Fecal Streptococci
Samples MF Count/100 ml MF Count/100 ml
— 2,^00' Maximum Mean — Minimum Maximum Mean- .Minimum
ion •
50
28.5
81)0 380
530 220
100 1)6
50 A, 000 3,000 ,',, 1,900
88 2,1(00 l.^OO " 580
<1( 17,000 2,700 / 200
39   Snake River, downstream from the Welser
     River (RM 350.3)                                27,000      8,500      2,200       80   '     310        200         56     6,100      3,000        770
     a/ Values  reported as  "<"  are not  used  in  calculating  the mean.

-------
F-6
                                      TABLE F-5

                 SALMONELLA  ISOLATIONS FOR SNAKE AND BOISE RIVERS

                             October 27-November 10, 1971
   Map
   Key   Station Description                          Serotype  Isolated

   22    Snake River, downstream from the             Salmonella enteritidis
         Mouth of Boise River  (RM 390.5)              S. newport
                                                      S. typhimurium

   39    Snake River, downstream from Weispr,         S. Saintpaul
         Idaho (RM 350.3)

   M-**   Boise, Idaho Sewage Treatment                3. heidelberg
         Effluent                                     s
   19    Boise River at Strawberry Glen
         Bridge, downstream from Boise                s. infant-is
         (RM 391.3A7.1)                    .          S. typhimirium

   M-l   Nampa,  Idaho Sewage Treatment
         Plant Effluent                               5. derby

   16    Boise River, upstream of Caldwell,
         Idaho (RM 391-3/21.8)                        5. ditblin

    8    Boise River at Notus, Idaho
         (RM 391.3/13.8)                              5. cMHn

    6    Boise River near Mouth (RM 391-3/0.1)        5. newport

-------
  APPENDIX G







AQUATIC GROWTHS

-------
                                                                            TABLE  G-l
                                                     AQUATIC GROWTHS  FROM ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATES, BOISE RIVER
                                                                  October  18-November  10,  1971
            River        Pennate Diatoms          Centric Diatoms           Green Coccoid         Blue-Green Coccoid     Blue-Green Filamentous         Slime
Location    Mile    Type	Cells/in.2*     Type	Cells/in.2    Type	Cells/In.2    Type	Cells/ in.2*   Type	Cells/in?   Type	
                                                                                        Fi laments/in,2*
Barber Rd   58.2   Fragllarla   1,215,683
                   Navlcula
                   Meloslra
                   Nltzschla
                   Sunedra

Caldwell    21.8   Navlcula     3,213,708
                   Nltzschla
                   Dlatoma
                   Fragllarla
                   Cymbella

Notus       13.8   Dlatoma   .  29,839,500    Stephanodlscus
                   Fragllarla
                   Navlcula

Parma        5.0   Dlatoma     16,490,250
                   Fragl larla
                   Navlcula
                   Nltzschla
Closterlum
3,199   Merlsinonedla     6,398   n5c!llatorla
                                                                    6,398
                                                  Osclllatorla
                                                                          Sphaerot!I us
                                                                          Sphaerotllus
                                                                          SphaerotIlus
    -0-





   6*2,7*I





15,472,333



 8,114,250
* These are maximum values.

Q ° observed in qualitative scan

-------
                      TABLE G-2
AQUATIC GROWTHS FROM ARTIFICIAL SUBSTRATES,  SNAKE RIVER
             October 18-November 10,  1971
Locat ion
Homedale

Homeda 1 e


Adrian

Adr ian





Nyssa




Ontario



Payette


Payette



Weiser


Weiser


River
416.

416.


401.

401.





389.




373.



364.


364.



350


350


Mile
000

0(0


8(R)

8(0





0(L)




000



0(R)


o(0



.3(R)


.3(0


Pennate
Type
Diatoma
Navicula
Diatoma
Navicula
Nltzschla
Diatoma
Navicula
Cyitbella
Diatoma
Fragl larla
Navicula
Nltzschia
Synedra
Cymbe 1 1 a
Diatoma
Fragl larla
Navicula
Synedra
Cymbella
Diatoma
Fragl larla
Navicula
Navicula
Synedra

Diatoma
Fragl larla
Navicula
Synedra
Diatoma
Fragi larla
Navicula
Diatoma
Fragl laria
Navicula
Synedra
Diatoms
Cells/in.2
Total
26,


244,

183,




691 ,




4,560,



337,


291


300

923




020




266



366


239,937






Centric Diatoms Green Coccoid Green Filamentous
Type Cells/in, Type Type Filaments/in2
Total Total
Stephanodlscus


Stephanodiscus

Stephanodtscus

Stephanodlscus





Stephanodiscus




Stephanodlscus



Stephanodiscus


Stephanodlscus
65,


34,

65,

83,





537,




118,



728 Protococcus Ulothrix 6,572
Schroederla

900 Protococcus Ulothrix
Schroederia
263

760 Schroederla





460 Ulothrix




078 Ulothrix



63,983 Ulothrix '5.995




Blue-Green Coccoid Blue-Green Slime
Type Filamentous Type F i laments/ia2
Type Total













Anoceptis Oscillatoria Sphaerotilus 'i56,026




Sphaerotilus 371,103



Sphaerotilus 351,908

Sphaerotilus 997,846
106,l5t Protococcus
1 ,889, ";4it



118

225





,460

,119




Stephanodlscus


Stephanodiscus




20


59




,940


,330 Protococcus







Sphaerotilus 65,263



-------
APPENDIX H
   FISH

-------
Fish Taken
Barber Road
 391.3/58.2
                                             TABLE H-l
                                ELECTROFISHING RESULTS, BOISE RIVER
                                           (RM 58.2 to O.I)
                                        October-November, 1971
Strawberry Glen Rd.
    391.3/^7.1
Middleton
391.3/26.5
  Parma
391.3/5.0
  Mouth
391-3/0.
Mountain white-
 fish                 X

Rainbow trout         X

Carp

Speckled dace         X

Redside shiner        X

Largescale sucker

Mountain sucker       X

Mottled sculpin       X
                        X

                        X
                                                              X

                                                              X

-------
H-2
                                 TABLE H-2
                                                     a/
                     CHECKLIST OF FISHES,  BOISE RIVERA
                              (RM 58.2 to  0.1)
    Common Name
                      b/.
    Mountain Whitefish—

    Rainbow trout— ' — /

    Chi sel mouth*
    Northern squawfish

    Longnose dace*

    Speckled dace^A

    Redside shineril/*

    Tu i  chub

    Bridgel ip sucker-


    Largescale sucker—'

    Mountain sucker-

    Brown bul 1 head

    Channel catfish

    Tadpole mad torn

    Bluegill

    Sma 1 1 mouth bass

    Largemouth bass

    Black crappie

    Yel low perch
Scientific Name

Prosopium uilliamsoni  (Girard)

Salmo gairdneri Richardson

AoTooheilus alutaoeus  Agassi z and
 P ickeri ng

Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus

Ptychocheilus oregonensis  (Richardson)

Khiniahthys cataractae (Valenciennes)

Khinichthys osculus  (Girard)

Richardson-ins balteatus  (Richardson)

Siphateles biaolor  (Girard)

CatostontUB colwrb-ianus (Eigenmann
 and Eigenmann)

Catostomus maapodheiltis  Girard

Pantosteus platyrhnchus  (Cope)

Ictdlwms nebulosus  (LeSueur)

Ictaliams punatatus  (Rafinesque)

Noturus gyrinus (Mitchill)

Lepomis maarochirus Rafinesque

Micropterus dolomieui  Lacepede

Micropterus salmoides(Lacepede)

Pomoxis nigromaculatus  (LeSueur)

Perca flavescens (Mi tch ill)

-------
                                                                   H-3
                       TABLE H-2  (Cont.)

               CHECKLIST OF FISHES, BOISE RIVER

                         (RM 58.2  to 0.1)



Common Name                  Scientific Name
Mottled sculp ink/*           Cottus bccirdi Girard

Columbia sculp in*            Cottus hiibbsi Bailey and Dimick
~List was supplied by William E. Webb, Regional Fishery Biologist,
  Idaho Fish and Game Department. .Common species are marked with an
  aster i sk.

— These are collected in EF*A survey, November 1971.


— Approximately 20,000 catchable size Rainbow trout are stocked
  annually between Barber Bridge and Star.

-------
                                        TABLE H-3




                 RAINBOW TROUT FLAVOR TEST RESULTS BOISE RIVER, IDAHO^-/




                                     NOVEMBER, 1971
Station (RM)
58.2
47.1
33.9
21.8
13.8
5.0

Test
6.07
4.72SL/
5.80^
5.60*/
6.22
6.37
Flavor
Reference
6.17
6.17
6.27
6.27
6.27
6.27
Mean Scores^-'
^ 	
0.39
0.39
0.46
0.46
0.46
0.46
Test
5.42
3.80^
5.521/
5.25±>-
6.00
6.10
Desirability
Reference
5.60
5 . 60
6.02
6.02
6.02
6.02
LSE£
0.51
0.51
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
a/
— There are 20 judgments per sample.





— The score range is:  7, no off-flavor; 1, very extreme off-flavor

                       7, very desirable; 1, very undesirable.




c/
— LSD refers to least significant difference at the five percent level.





— The test sample was significantly different from reference.

-------
                                                                   H-5
                            TABLE H-4

                CHECKLIST  OF -SNAKE RIVER FISHES^/

                       (RM 442.5 to 351.3)
Common Name

White sturgeon

Mountain whitefish^/

Rainbow trout

Chiselmouth


Carpi./

Peamouth

Northern squawfish

Longnose dace

Speckled dace

Redside shiner

Bridgelip sucker^/


                 b/
   Scientific Name

   Ae-Lpenser transmontanus Richardson

   Prosopium willicansoni- (Girard)

   Salmo gairdneri Richardson

   Aoroohe-ilus alutaceus Agassiz and
     Pickering

   Cypr-Lns-Ls carp-io Linnaeus

   Mylocheitus cauT-ihus (Richardson)

   Ptychocheilus oregones-is (Richardson)

   Rhiniohthys aataraetae (Valenciennes)

   Rhinichthys oseulus (Girard)

:   Richardsonius balteatus (Richardson)

   Catostomus colwribianus (Eigenmann
     and Eigenmann)

   Catostomus macrocheilus Girard

   lotaluyus nebulosus (LeSueur)

   latalurus punotatus (Rafinesque)

   Noturus   gyrinus (Mitchill)

   Micropterus dolomieui- Lacepede

   M-LcTOpterus salmoides (Lacdpede)

   Pomasis n-igromaculatus (LeSueur)

   Cottus bcdrdi Girard
Largescale sucker—'

Brown bullhead

Channel catfish

Tadpole madtomk/

Smallmouth bass

Largemouth bass

Black crappie

Mottled sculpin


—This list was supplied by James  C.  Simpson,  Chief,  Fisheries, Idaho
  Fish and Game Department.
—'These were collected in EPA  survey,  November,  1971.

-------
                       TABLE H-5
RAINBOW TROUT FLAVOR TEST RESULTS  SNAKE RIVER,  IDAHOi/
                     November,  1971
                           Mean Scores-
Flavor
Des i rabi1i ty
Station (RM)-/
416.0(L)
401. 8(O
401. 8(R)
393.0(L)
390. 5( )
390. 5(R)
387.0(0
387. 0(R)
369.0(L&R)
367. 0(R)
364.0(0
353. 9(L)
353. 9(R)
Test
6.15
5.45
6.10
6.30
5.45
4.55^
5-90
4.75^
6.40
6.20
6.40
4.85^X
5.65
Reference
6.40
5.90
5.90
5.75
5.90
5.90
6.40
5.90
6.40
6.40
6.40
5.75
5.75
LSDl/
0.52
0.86
0.86
0.70
0.86
0.86
0.52
0.86
0.52
0.52
0.52
0.70
0.70
Test
5.10
4.70
5.50
6.10
4.90
3.46^
5.25
3. 40^
5.55
5.45
5.60
4.30^
5.20
Reference
5.20
5.20
5-50
5-30
5.20
5-20
5.20
5.20
5.20
5.20
5.20
5.30
5-30
LSD*-'
0.71
0.88
0.88
0.85
0.88
0.88
0.71
0.88
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.85
0.85

-------
                               TABLE H-5 (Continued)

             RAINBOW TROUT FLAVOR TEST RESULTS SNAKE RIVER, IDAHO-7

                                  NOVEMBER, 1971
                                      Mean ScoresE'
                                                 b/
                	Flavor	
Station (RM)-'  Test  Reference  LSD
350.3(L&R)
6.25
5.75   0.70
                                                    Des i rabi1i ty
                                             Test    Reference   LSD-'
                                                                   c/
6.00
5.30
0.85
a/
— There are 10 judgments per sample.

— The score range is:  7, no off-flavor; 1, very extreme off-flavor
                       7, very desirable; 1, very undesirable.


—LSD refers to least significant difference at the five percent level.

— The notation concerning left and right is as follows:
  (l) left bank, (r) right bank  (LSF) left and right bank facing upstream.
e/
— Test sample is significantly different from reference.

-------
APPENDIX I
  BENTHOS

-------
 FLATWORMS (TURBELLARIA)

 ROUNDWORMS (NEMATA)

 SLUDGEWORMS (TUBIFICIDAE)

 LEECHES (HIRUDINEA)

 SCUDS (AMPHIPODA)

   'Gammarus

-MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)

    Tricorythodes

    Pseudocieon

    Stenanema

 DRAGONFLIES (ODONATA)

    Gomphidae

 DAMSELFLIES (ODONATA)

    Coenagrionidae

 WATER BOATMAN  (CORIXIDAE)
                                                    TABLE  1-1
                                              BENTHOS, INDIAN CREEK
                                              October-November, 1971
                                            (Numbers per square foot)

                                                  Station  (River Miles)
19.7/11.9

     k
2

1
Q

Q
           I,it08
              72
19.7/5.0

     2



40,710

     5
19.7/2.B

    22

     Q

    23
                                                                                                19.7/0.1
                                                     11

                                                      Q

-------
CADDISFLIES (TRICOPTERA)

   Hydropsyche

BITING MIDGES (CERATOPOGONIDAE)

BLOODWORMS (CHIRONOMIDAE)

BLACK FLIES (SIMULIIDAE)

SNAILS (GASTROPODA)

   Physa

   GyrauluB_

   Numbers per square foot

   Number of kinds
                                           TABLE 1-1   (Cont.)
                                           BENTHOS,  INDIAN CREEK
                                           October-November, 1971
                                          (Numbers per square foot)

                                               Station  (River Miles)
ro
19.7/11-9
3

1
6
1
Q
33
14
19.7/10.4 19.7/5.0

9

Q
8 9
8
1,954 40,737
9 6
19-7/2.8
2
5
5
2
Q

64
11
19-7/0.1
5
15
19



53
7
   Q = Organisms collected qualitatively; arbitrarily assigned a value of 1 for computations.

-------
                                                 TABLE |-2
                                             BENTHOS, BOISE RIVER
                                            October-November, 1971
                                          (Numbers per square foot)
FLATWORMS (TURBELLARIA)

ROUNDWORMS (NEMATA)

SLUDGEWORMS (TUBIFIClDAE)

LEECHES (HIRUDINEA)

SCUDS (AMPHIPODA)

MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)
  ;        ' •       ,i '    J
  Baetis

  Tricorythodes

  Pseudooleon

  Stenonema

  Heptagenia

  Ephemevella

  Rithrogenia

  Ephemera

 RUE BUGS (HEMIPTERA)

  Corixidae

  Maorouliidae
                                                                   Station (River Hiles)
58.2 52.8 47.1 33.9 26.5 21.8 13.8
Q
2 71
9 32 8 10 28 779
Q 0. Q Q
1 30 kO 6 1 Q 2
k Q -
10 18 Q 15 8 Q
a Q Q
17 3 Q 3 2 11
5 5 1 '
Q
2 2
Q Q Q Q Q
Q Q
5.0 0.1
6k 2
2
2
Q Q
Q
Q
Q
Q
Q

-------
TRUE BUGS (HEMIPTERA) cont.


  Gerridae


CADDISFLIES (TRICOPTERA)


  Hy dropsy ohe


  Che umatopsyohe


  Agraylea


AQUATIC CATERPILLARS  (LEPIDOPTERA)


CRANEFLIES (TIPULIDAE)


BITING MIDGES (CERATOPOGONIDAE)


BLOODWORMS (CHIRONOMIDAE)


BLACK FLIES (SIMULMDAE)


HORSE FLIES (TASINI DAE)


SNAILS (GASTROPODA)



  Physa


  GyvauLus


  Numbers per square  foot


  Number of kinds
                                              TABLE  1-2  (Cont.)

                                              BENTHOS, BOISE RIVER

                                             October-November,  1971

                                            (Numbers  per square  foot)
i
-P*
                                                                    Station  (River Miles)
58.2 52.8 47.1 33.9 26.5 21.8 13.8
Q
54 59 1,240 30 300 0_ Q
1 36 258 2
V
Q
2 Q 2 10
Q Q 4
Q
119 303 132 86 80 57 460
30 160 4 4 Q Q
8 Q
Q
Q
240 591 1,467 19** 685 113 1,320
10 11 14 13 14 15 12
5.0 0.1

a



2
Q
18 Q
Q



94 7
12 5
  Q. = organisms collected qualitatively only; arbitrarily assigned a value of  1  for  computations.

-------
                                                                          TABLE 1-3
                                                                    BENTHOS,  SNAKE RIVER
                                                                   October-November, 1971
FLATWORMS  (TURBELLARIA)

ROUNDWORMS  (NEMATA)

SLUDGEWORMS  (TUBIFICIDAE)

SOWBUGS  (ISOPODA)

SCUDS  (AHPHIPODA)

MAYFLIES  (ERHEMEROPTERA)

     Baeti.8

     Triooiythodee

     Peeudooleon

     Stenonema

     Heptagenia

DAMSELFLIES  (COENAGRIONIOAE)

WATER BOATMAN  (CORIXIDAE)

BEETLES  (COLEOPTERA)

     Chryaorne l-idae

CAODISFLIES  (TRICOPTERA)

     Hydfopsyohe
                                                                                  Station (River M!les)
.5   'ta't.O   1416.0   kQ] .8   393.0   390T5   389.0   387.0   373.0   369.0   367TO   3614.0    353.9    350.3

                 Q

                 Q       Q

 Q                                       QQQ               QQQQQ

                         Q                       Q                                                 ...

 Q       Q       Q       Q       Q               Q                                                Q
Q
Q
QQQ
Q
Q
Q
Q Q Q Q
Q

Q
Q


Q

Q
Q

Q

Q

-------
AQUATIC CATERPILLARS  (LEPIOOPTERA)

BLOODWORMS  (CHIRONOMIDAE)

BLACK FLIES (SIMULIIDAE)

     Simuliitm

HORSEFLIES  (TABINIDAE)

SOLDIER FLIES (STRATIOMYII DAE)

ANTHOMID FLIES (ANTHOMYII DAE)

SNAILS (GASTROPODA)

     Phyaa

     Ferrieaia

     Lymnaea

     GHraulue
                                                                    TABLE  1-3  i(Cont.)
                                                                    BENTHOS,  SNAKE  RIVER
                                                                   October-November,  1971
                                                                                Station (River Miles)
it2¥70   TtlbTO   frOl .E   393.0   390.5   389.0   387.0   373.0   369.0   367.0   36*1.0   353-9   350.3

                                                                                    Q

    QQO_QQQQO.QO_QO.O_
Q

Q Q
Q
Q Q
Q

Q
     Number of kinds                           9

     Q = Organisms collected  qualitatively only
           10      10       5       4       7       9       6

-------
ROUNDWORMS  (NEMATA)

SLUDGEWORMS  (TUBIFICIDAE)

SCUDS (AMPHIPODA)

MAYFLIES (EPHEMEROPTERA)

    Baetie         ^

    Tricorythodes

    Peeudooleon

    Heptagenia

WATER BOATMAN (CORIXIDAE)

BEETLES (COLEOPTERA)

    SteneImia

CADDISFLIES  (TRICOPTERA)

    Sydropayohe

    LepidoBtoma

    Agraylea

AQUATIC CATERPILLARS (LEPIDOPTERA)

BLOODWORMS  (CHIRONOMIDAE)

BLACK FLIES  (SIMULIIDAE)
                                                                      TABLE  I-It
                                               BENTHOS, SELECTED TRIBUTARIES OF THE SNAKE RIVER BASIN
                                                               October-November,  1971
                                                              (Numbers per square  foot)

                                                                       Station  (River Miles)
  Owyhee
392.3/2.9



    64

     Q
                                                                Malheur
                                                               368.5/0.1
12
365.6/28.0

     4

     1

     Q
                           Payette
ayette
365.6/4.1
                                          365.6/0.1
                                              11
                                                     Weiser
351.8/1.0
351.8/0.1

1
9
Q
2
2 . Q
14 Q

2
• Q
4
• Q

• Q
0.

103

1
1
21
Q
6^ 2
Q
2 4
21
166 186
4
Q



97 Q
Q Q

-------
                                                                TABLE I-It (Cont.)
                                                BENTHOS, SELECTED TRIBUTARIES OF THE SNAKE RIVER BASIN
                                                                October-November, 1971
                                                              (Numbers per square foot)

                                                                        Station  (River Miles)
SNAILS (GASTROPODA)

    Phyaa

    Numbers per square foot

    Number of kinds

    Q = Organisms collected qualitatively only; arbitrarily assigned a value of 1  for computations.
Owyhee
392.3/2.9
Q
72
6
Malheur
368.5/0.1

lit
3

365.6/28.0
Q
11.5
12
Payette
365.6A.1
Q
261
9

365-6/0.1
Q
230
10
Weiser
351.8/1.0 351
9
120
9

.8/0.1

6
6

-------
            APPENDIX J
DATA FROM WASTE-SOURCE EVALUATIONS

-------
                                                                          TABLE J-l

                                               SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL DATA  - MUNICIPAL WASTE-SOURCE  EVALUATIONS
                                                               SNAKE RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES
                                                                     OCTOBER 18-25, 1971
Map
Key
M-3
M-2
M-4
M-5
M-l
M-6
Location and Date Sampled
Boise, Idaho, City of
(RM 391.3/49.1)
October 22-25
Caldwell, Idaho, City of
(RM 391.3/21.3)
October 18-21
Garden City, Idaho, City of
(RM 39V.3/48. 0/0.8) '
October 22-25
Meridian, Idaho, City of
(RM 391.3/30.5/16.0)
October 22-25
Nampa, Idaho, City of
(RM 391.3/19.7/7.4)
October 21-25
Ontario, Oregon, City of
(RM 368.5/1.0)
October 18-21

AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
Flow
MGD
11.3
10.4-12.0
4.4
4.3-4.4 .
0.45
^
0.47
0.42-0.50
15.1
12.6-17.0
2.1
2.0-2.2

Influent
mq/1
a/
15827
110-210
177
170-190
57
40-70
87
60-110
499s/
123
70-180
BOD

Effluent
mg/1
27
16-50
57
50-60
37
30-45
61
32-110
141*
8
5-13
Ibs/day
2,600
1,390-4.800
2,090
1.830-2,210
138
113-169
239
125-431
17,400
11,750-23,000
140
88-228
COD
Influent
mg/1
243*/
170-320
167
100-230
170
100-230
103
' 70-160
573s/
227
140-240

Effluent
mq/1
108
100-120
53
50-60
37
30-45
72
42-120
141*
137
120-170
TOC
Influent
mg/1
a/
57J
36-120
103
69-140
32
13-66
370
356-385
187s/
64
36-95

Effluent
mg/1
30
16-57
36
29-43
25
14-47
135
112-158
d/
50
27
22-34
K.i

16.0
13.0-18.0
8.7
7.0-9.6
3.4
2.8-4.2
10.0
8.0-13.0
28.0
7.0
5.4-10.0
NH3
mg/1 as N
13.0
11.0-16.0
7.7
6.3-8.6
1.7
1.1-2.3
7.7
6.3-10.0
17^0
2.3
2.0-2.5
N02-N03

0.08
0.05-0.13
0.79
0.6-1.05
0.72
0.70-0.73
0.45
0.42-0.47 .
0.33^
0.18
0.12-0.21
Total P
mg/1
.6.3
4.7-8.6
3.7
3.3-4.0
1.2
1.1-1.4
4.3
3.4-5.0
3.1*
2.9 -
2.2-3.3
a/ Average calculated from concentrations of two influent streams (flow weighted).
B/ Flow measured by Stage recorder on one-day.
c/ Average calculated from concentrations of three influent streams (flow weighted).
3/ Average calculated from concentrations of two effluent streams (flow weighted).

-------
                                                    TABLE J-2
                                       SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES
                                           MUNICIPAL WASTE DISCHARGES
                                        SNAKE RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES
                                               October 18-25, 1971
                                                                                                                   C-i
                                                                                                                   i
                                                                                                                   ro
Map   Location and Date Sampled
Key	
       Total  Coli forms
       MF Count/100 ml
Maximum     Mean—     Minimum
               Feca1  Coli forms
               MF Count/100 ml
        Maximum     Mean—    Minimum
M-3   Boise, Idaho, City of (RM 391-3/49-0
      October 22-25

M-2   Caldwell, Idaho, City of (RM 391-3/21.8)
      October 18-21
220,000     36,000


 51,000     18,000
M-4   Garden City, Idaho, City of (RM 391-3/48.0/0.8)
      October 22-25                                  >80,000     10,000
M-5   Meridian,  Idaho, City of (RM 391-3/30.5/16.0)
      October 22-25                                    1,700
               480
M-l   Nampa, Idaho, City of (RM 391-3/19-7/7-'*)
      October 21-25                               >8,000,000  1,200,000
M-6   Ontario, r>regon, City of (RM 368.5/1.0)
   <100
 400


<100


   4


  12


 350

  <4
    190
3,100
                                   1,900
     20
              63
             1,100
               486
              12
760,000     96,000

   <100          4
                         <4
                         20

                         <4
a/
— Values reported as " < " not included in calculation of mean.

-------
                                               TABLE  J-3

                                             FINDINGS OF
                                  MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS
                                    SNAKE RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES
                                          OCTOBER 18-25, 1971
Map Key
  Location
   Type of Treatment
                 Findings
 M-3
 M-2
 M-4
 M-5
            a/
Boise, Idaho
October 22-25
(RM 391.3/49.1)
Caldwell, Idaho"
October 18-21
(RM 391.3/21.8)
                           a/
                              a/
Garden City, Idaho'
October 22-25
(RM 391.3/48.0/0.8)
               a/
Meridian, Idaho
October 22-25
(RM 391.3/30.5/16.0)
Primary treatment followed
by conventional  activated
sludge with sludge thicken-
ing.  Anaerobic  digesters
and four sludge  lagoons.
Chlorine disinfection.

Primary treatment followed
by trickling filter and
secondary clarifier; anae-
robic digesters.  Chlorine
disinfection.
Primary treatment followed
by trickling filter and
secondary clarifier.
Chlorine disinfection.
Primary treatment followed
by trickling filter and
secondary clarifier.
Chlorine disinfection.
1.   Plant provided 84 percent BOD
    removal.

2.   Disinfection was adequate.
1.  Treatment was inadequate.

2.  Disinfection was inadequate.




1.  Treatment was inadequate.

2.  Disinfection was adequate.



1.  Treatment was inadequate.

2.  Disinfection was adequate.
                                                                                                    CO

-------
                                          TABLE J-3 (Cont.)
                                                                                         C-i
                                                                                          I
                                            FINDINGS OF
                                 MUNICIPAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS
                                   SNAKE RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES
                                         OCTOBER 18-25, 1971
Map Key
  Location
      Type of Treatment
         Findings
 M-l
            £/
Nampa, Idaho
October 21-November
(RM 391.3/19.7/7.4)
 M-6
Ontario, Oregon"
October 18-21
(RM 368.5/1.0)
                           d/
    Pretreatment of industrial
10  wastes.   Primary treatment
    followed by trickling fil-
    ters and secondary clari-
    fier.   Chlorine disinfection.

    Four lagoons operated in
    series.   Chlorine disin-
    fection.
1.  Treatment was inadequate.

2.  Disinfection was inadequate.



1.  Treatment was adequate.

2.  Disinfection was adequate.
a/ Receiving stream:
b/ Receiving stream:
£/ Receiving stream:
d/ Receiving stream:
          Boise River.
          Drain to Boise River!
          Indian Creek.
          Malheur River.

-------
                            TABLE  J-4

SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL DATA - EFFLUENTS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES
                 SNAKE RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES
                   OCTOBER 18-NOVEMBER 8, 1971
Map Name of Industry, Location
Key and Dates Sampled
1-4 Amalgamated Sugar Company
Nyssa, Oregon (RM 389.0)
October 18-21
CSF Discharge

Cooling Water Discharge

Main Sewer Discharge

1-2 Armour Meat Packing Company



AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE




0
0
4
2
0
0

Flow pH S/ Temp.i/
MGD S. U. °C


.36
.32-0.40 7.9-8.4 34-43
.9
.8-5.0 8.2-8.4 39-50
.96
.34-1.36 8.7-10.3 30-37

' Cond.2/
ymhos/cm mg/1


148
575-800 100-220
63 b/
575-825 <10-9(P
1,280
100-4,000 700-2,400

BOD
Ibs/day


444
300-587
2,575
417-3,750
10,200
5,604-19,200

COD
mg/1


117
110-130
37
18-65
1,890
1,050-3,200

TOC
mq/1


73
59-85
14
9-22
667
400-980

Ki



18
16-19
4.2
3.4-5.0
37
33-42

NH3 NO
mq/1 ac M


10 1.
8.2-12 0.
3.4 0.
2.8-3.8 0.
15 1.
11-18 0.

2 - N01



7
8-2.1
85
68-1.00
23
07-2.61

Total P
mq/1


0.51
0.08-0.73
0.15
0.09
0.34
1.4-6.7

Nampa, Idaho (RM 391. 3/19. 7/11. 4)
October 18-21
Waste Treatment Lagoon
Effluent
Cooling Water Effluent

1-6 Boise Cascade Company
Emmett, Idaho (RM 365.6/32.
October 23-25
Log Pond Discharge

Glue Line Effluent


AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE

3)

AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE

0

0




5

0


•27r/ £/
-£/ 7.1-7.6 10
.5^
7.5-7.7 19-22



.3^
6.4-6.7 10-12
.029,
57 5.6-6.8 29-39

35 ,
1,000-2,600 £/
3.2
1,000-1,600 0.5-5



3.3
50-80 2-5
497
90240 92-860

79
y
13
2.1-21



146
88-221
120
22-208

81
68-100
7.3
4.5-12



16
9-23
680
130-1,140

51
40-68
6
<5-6



4
3-4
179
26-310

44
38-47
<0.2
<0.1-0.3



<0.1C/

2.4
0.3-5.0

21 0.
19-22 <0.
2.
2.



<0.1 c/ 0.
y o.
0,8 0.
0.2-l.G

05
05-0.05
84
57-3.15



06
05-0.07
05C/


7.4
6.9-7.6
0.05
0.02-0.07



0.04
0.02-0.05
2.3
0.3-4.6 1-

-------
                                                                      TABLE J-4

                                             SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL DATA  - EFFLUENTS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES
                                                               SNAKE RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES
                                                                 OCTOBER 18-NOVEMBER 8, 1971
Hap
Key
1-5





1-1


1-3



Name of Industry, Location
and Dates Sampled
ORE- IDA Foods, Inc.
Ontario, Oregon (RM 370.0)
October 18-20 and
November 1-3
Waste Treatment Lagoon
Effluent
Cooling Water Effluent

J. R. Slmplot Company
Cal dwell, Idaho
November 4-8 (RM 391.3/17.6)
Triangle Dairy
Boise, Idaho
(RM 391. 3/57 ..7/1. 5)
October 23-25



AVERAGE
RANGE
AVERAGE
RANGE

AVERAGE
RANGE


AVERAGE
RANGE
Flow pH
MGD S. U.


1.72
1.55-1.96 7.3-7.7
1.87
1.75-1.96 7.4-8.4

4.3
3.7-4.9 6.3-6.7


0.06
0.04-0.09 7.2-7.5
Temp. Cond. BOD
°C jimhos/cm mg/1


347
7-12 1,500-2,000 140-700
8.7
7-23 1,000-1,450 5-15

820
9-12 1,100-1.350 500-1,500
i

c/ 60e/
5 200-390
ibs/day


4,980
2,010-10,040
132
76-228

30,800
15,300-60,700


29e/
t-t
COD
mg/1


463
100-1.100
15.4
7.4-27

1,000
640-1,370


87
81-90
TOE
mg/1


206
89-280
8
4-11

270
110-370


12
7-17
Ki



54
49-6.3
0.24
<0.1-0.5

32
30-34


3.8
2.3-5.4
NH3
mq/1 as


23
18-25
0.17
<0.1-0.5

18
15-22


0.6
0.3-1.0
NU2 - NU3
N


0.15
0.05-0.21
1.04
0.74-1.50

0.11
<0. 05-0. 17


0.13
<0.05-0.20
Total P
- mg/1


12.1
10.3-14J
0.16
<0. 02-0.31

10.1
9.1-10.


4.8
4.3-5.3
a/ Measureoents are made from grab sanples.
E/ Value of <10 Is not Included In calculating the average concentration or  load.
C/ All values are equal.
3/ This Is a Company estimate.
e/ This Is a single value.

-------
                                                    TABLE J-5
                                       SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES
                                     EFFLUENTS FROM INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES
                                         SNAKE RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES
                                           October 18-November 8, 1971
Map
Key
1-4



1-2
1-5
1-1
1-3
Name and Dates Sampled
Amalgamated Sugar Company, Nyssa, Oregon
(RM 389.0) October 18-21
CSF Discharge
Cooling Water Discharge
Main Sewer Discharge
Armour Meat Packing Company, Nampa , Idaho
(RM 391.3/19.7/11 .4) October 18-21
Ore-Ida Foods, Inc., Ontario, Oregon
(RM 370.0) November 1-3
J. R. Simp lot Company, Cal dwell,
Idaho (RM 391-3/17.6) November 4-8
Triangle Dairy, Boise, Idaho
(RM 391.3/57.7/1.5) October 22-25'
Total Col i forms
MF Count/100 ml
Maximum Mean—

19,000
51 ,000
760,000
25,000
21 ,000,000
4,200,000
>8, 000, 000

3,300
14,000
410,000
17,000
3,900,000
1,500,000
3,300,000
M i n imum

250
<100
<100
5,000
<100
260,000
3,700
Max

3
4
33
4
890
82
30
Feca 1 Col i forms
MF Count/100 ml
imum Mean— M

,100 1,000
,700 1,400
,000 17,000
,700 3,800
,000 140,000
,000 64,000
,000 7,700
i n imum

160
<10
<100
2,800
40,000
40,000
40
— Values reported as " < " not included in calculation of mean.
                                                                                                                   C-i
                                                                                                                   i

-------
                                                   TABLE J-6

                                                 FINDINGS OF
                                      INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS
                                        SNAKE RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES
                                          OCTOBER 18-NOVEMBER 8, 1971
                                                                                                                 I
                                                                                                                00
Map
Kep
Name and Date Sampled
   Type of Treatment
                                                                            Findings
1-4
1-2
1-6
1-5
                         a/
Amalgamated Sugar Company^
Nyssa, Oregon
October 18-21
(RM 389.0)
Armour Meat Packing Company"
Nampa, Idaho
October 18-21
(RM 341.3/19.7/11.4)
Boise Cascade Company
Emmett, Idaho
October 23-25
(RM 365.8/32.3)

ORE-IDA Foods, Inc.
Ontario, Oregon
October 18-November 3
(RM 370.0)
                           c/
Flume water recycled.   Lime
wastes to non-overflowing
lagoon.  CSF wastes, process
wastes, and cooling waters
discharged without treat-
ment.

Two-cell lagoon for process
wastes.  Boiler blowdown
water, condenser steam, and
ammonia condenser water dis-
charged without treatment.

Cooling water to log pond
then to the Payette River.
Steam vat discharged with-
out treatment.

Process wastes through pri-
mary clarifiers followed by
two-cell lagoon operated in
series.
                                                                  The plant discharges  6.2 mgd of untreated
                                                                  wastewaters,  containing 13,800 Ib BOD, a
                                                                  violation of  Oregon Water  Quality Standards.
                                                                  Treatment is inadequate.
                                                                  The plant discharges  0.029  mgd  of  untreated
                                                                  wastewaters containing  120  Ib BOD,  a  viola-
                                                                  tion of Idaho Water Quality Standards.
                                                                  Treatment is inadequate.

-------
                                                TABLE J-6 (Cont.)

                                                  FINDINGS OF
                                       INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCt EVALUATIONS
                                         SNAKE RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES
                                           OCTOBER 18-NOVEMBER 8, 1971
Map
Key   Name and Date Sampled
                     Type of Treatment
          Findings
1-1   J. R. Simplot Company"
      Caldwell, Idaho
      November 4-8
      (RM 391.3/17.6)
                    e/
1-3   Triangle Dairy
      Boise, Idaho
      October 23-25
      (RM 391.3/57.7/1.5)
                           d/
                  Process wastes through
                  primary clarifier followed
                  by five-cell  lagoon oper-
                  ated in series.

                  Two-cell lagoon.
1.  Treatment is inadequate.

2.  Water quality of the Boise River is
    degraded by the discharge.

Plant does not provide adequate disin-
fection and BOD removal.
a/ Receiving stream:
b/ Receiving stream:
c/ Receiving stream:
d/ Receiving stream:
Snake River.
Indian Creek.
Payette River.
Boise River.
e/ Receiving stream:  Drain to Boise River.
                                                                                                                vo

-------
           APPENDIX K
       EFFLUENT GUIDELINES
               FOR
INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER DISCHARGES

-------
                                                                    K-l

                         EFFLUENT GUIDELINES
                                 FOR
                  INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER DISCHARGES

     The proposed waste load limitations for the  industries evaluated

have been  summarized.


A.  ARMOUR MEAT PACKING COMPANY

     1.  The BOD discharged shall not exceed 0.17 lb/1,000 Ib LWK, or

165 Ib/day, whichever is less.

     2.  The suspended solids discharged shall not exceed 0.23 lb/1,000

Ib LWK, or 110 Ib/day, whichever is less.

     3.  The BOD and the suspended solids concentration shall not exceed

10 mg/1 each, as the average of 24-hour composite samples collected over

any 14-day discharge period.  Final effluent concentrations shall not

exceed 15 mg/1 for more than 10 percent of  the 24-hour composite samples

or 20 mg/1 for any single sample.


B.  J. R.  SIMPLOT COMPANY, CALDWELL, IDAHO

     Because of low-flow conditions in the  Boise River at the point of

discharge, treatment levels must be more stringent than those attainable

by best practicable control technology.  The following time schedule and

limitations are required.

     1.  By December 31, 1973 -

            BOD and TSS - maximum concentration 400 mg/1 and ten-day
                          average loading 13,000 Ib/day* (5.8 lb/ton)**

            Ammonia - maximum concentration 10 mg/1 (0.3 lb/ton)**

            Temperature - no more than 5° F above receiving water
	              temperature
*  It is not to exceed this value by 20 percent on any single day.
** This value is based on present production.

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K-2
                 Odor - undetectable in the receiving water

           2.  By December 31, 1974 -

                 BOD and TSS - maximum concentration 120 rag/1 and ten-day
                               average loading 2,000 Ib/day* (0.9 lb/ton)**

                 Turbidity - less than five Jackson Turbidity Units above
                             natural background level of receiving water

                 Ammonia - 5.0_mR/l (0.15 lb/ton)**

           Flow should be continuous and should not exceed 8.5 mgd, or I/20th

      the flow of the Boise River, whichever is less.  At the 7-day, 10-year

      low flow of the Boise River, 120 cfs, the discharge volume may be limited

      to as little as 3.9 mgd.


      C.  THE AMALGAMATED SUGAR COMPANY, NYSSA, OREGON

           1.  The BOD discharged shall not exceed 0.5 lb/ton of beets processed

      or 3,300 Ib/day, whichever is less.

           2.  The suspended solids shall not exceed 0.5 lb/ton of beets pro-

      cessed or 3,300 Ib/day, whichever is less.

           3.  The pH shall be maintained in a range of between 6.0 to 8.5.

           4.  No toxic or hazardous material, as designated under the provisions

      of Section 307 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act as amended, or

      known to be hazardous or toxic by the permittee, shall be discharged except

      with  the approval of the Administrator (EPA) or his deslgnee.

           5.  No discharge shall be made which may either cause toxic or

      hazardous conditions or accelerate eutrophication in the receiving water,

      except with the approval of the Administrator (EPA) or his designee.


      *  It is not to exceed this value by 20 percent on any single day.
      ** This value is based on present production.

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                                                                   K-3
D.  ORE-IDA FOODS, INCORPORATED, ONTARIO. OREGON




     Effective by September 1, 1974:




     1.  Biochemical oxygen demand discharged shall not exceed 2.4 Ib/ton




of potatoes and onions processed, or 0.8 Ib/ton of corn processed, with




the total waste load not to exceed 2,000 Ib/day, whichever is less.




     2.  Total suspended solids discharged shall not exceed 1.6 Ib/ton




of potatoes and onions processed, or 1.1 Ib/ton of corn processed.




     3.  Chemical oxygen demand discharged shall not exceed 8.8 Ib/ton




of potatoes and onions processed, or 5.3 Ib/ton of corn processed.




     4.  No discharge which may either cause toxic or hazardous conditions




or accelerate eutrophication in the receiving water, except with the




approval of the Regional Administrator (EPA) or his authorized representative.

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                     -38
                                                                                 -N-
                                                                                                           BARBER

                                                                                                             Barber Dam
ill
UJ- •*
s!2
  i
  j
  i
  j
  i
  i
GIVENS NOT
   SPRINGS
                                                                  •   STREAM SAMPLING LOCATIONS

                                                                  A   MUNICIPAL SOURCE EVALUATED

                                                                  •   INDUSTRIAL SOURCE EVALUATED
                                           MAP KEY

                                           SEE TABLE D-l

                                           SEE TABLE II

                                           SEE TABLE j-6
                                                   \0bw
                                                   ^
WALTERS FERRY
               Figure  I.   Sampling Locations - Snakr Kivn-  and Tribularie.s( 1971)

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