ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

            OFFICE OF ENFORCEMENT
                  REPORT ON
        EFFECTS  OF  WASTE DISCHARGES
                     ON
           WATER  QUALITY OF THE
        SNAKE RIVER AND  ROCK  CREEK
              TWIN FALLS AREA
                   IDAHO


NATIONAL FIELD INVESTIGATIONS CENTER-DENVER
              DENVER,COLORADO
                    AND
      REGION X,
.WASHINGTON /CLEA1
                 FEBRUARY 1973

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       ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
            WATER QUALITY OFFICE
                  REPORT ON

         EFFECTS OF WASTE DISCHARGES
                     ON
            WATER QUALITY OF THE
                 SNAKE RIVER
                     AND
                 ROCK CREEK
               TWIN FALLS AREA
                    IDAHO
                 PREPARED BY

NATIONAL FIELD INVESTIGATIONS CENTER-DENVER
              DENVER, COLORADO
                     and
        REGION X, SEATTLE, WASHINGTON

                FEBRUARY 1973

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                          TABLE OF CONTENTS


                                                                  Page

LIST OF TABLES	     lv

LIST OF FIGURES	     v

LIST OF APPENDICES	     v

GLOSSARY OF TERMS	     vl


I.   INTRODUCTION  	      1

II.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS	      3

III. DESCRIPTION OF AREA	      6

IV.  WASTE SOURCES 	      7

     A.  MUNICIPAL	      7
     B.  INDUSTRIAL	     12
             Amalgamated Sugar Company,
               Box 127, Twin Falls, Idaho	     12
             Colonial Concrete, Incorporated,
               Box 1151, Twin Falls, Idaho	     13
             Idaho Frozen Foods, Incorporated,
               856 Fall Street, Twin Falls, Idaho	     14
             Independent Meat Company,
               Box EE, Twin Falls, Idaho	     15
             Ready to Pour Concrete,
               Box 274, Twin Falls, Idaho	     16
             Trout Farms and Hatcheries	     17

V.   STREAM SURVEYS	     18
     A.  ROCK CREEK	     18
     B.  SNAKE RIVER	     25
                                  ii

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                           LIST OF TABLES
Table No.
               Municipal and Industrial Waste Sources
                 Snake River - Twin Falls, Idaho
                 November 1971 	
               Summary of Analytical Data for Municipal
                 and Industrial Waste Source Evaluations
                 Snake River Basin - Twin Falls Area
                 November 1971	     10

               Summary of Bacteriological Analyses of
                 Municipal and Industrial Waste Discharges
                 Snake River Basin - Twin Falls Area
                 November 1971	     11

               Summary of Field Measurements and
                 Analytical Results
                 Snake River, Rock Creek, and Perrine Coulee
                 November 12-16, 1972	     19

               Results of Bacteriological Analyses
                 Snake River, Rock Creek and Perrine Coulee
                 November 12-16, 1971	     20

               Summary of Heavy Metals Data at Selected
                 Stations, Snake River, Rock Creek, and
                 Perrine Coulee
                 November 12-16, 1971	     21
                                  iii

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                           LIST OF FIGURES
Figure No.

     1
Location Map - Snake River
  Twin Falls, Idaho . . . .
               Sampling Locations - Snake River
                 Twin Falls, Idaho (November 1971)
                                                  Follows
                                                   Page
                                                   Inside
                                                 Back Cover
Appendix

   A
   C

   D
                             APPENDICES
Idaho Water Quality Standards for
  Interstate Waters
  (Applicable to Snake River)

Idaho Water Quality Standards for
  All State Waters

Study Methods

Proposed Effluent Guidelines for
  Industrial Wastewater Discharges

Status Report on Secondary Sewage Treatment
                                  iv

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                        GLOSSARY OF TERMS


   BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand, 5-Day

   COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand

   DO - Dissolved Oxygen

   TOC - Total Organic Carbon



   cfs - flow rate given in cubic feet per second

   gpm - flow rate given in gallons per minute

   mgd - flow rate given in million gallons per day

   mg/1 - concentration given in milligrams per liter

   LWK - live weight killed

   RM - river mileage

   pg/1 - concentration in micrograms per liter

ymhos/cm - unit of specific conductance (mho — the inverse
           of the standard unit of electrical resistance, the
           ohm) measured over a 1-centimeter distance, conven-
           tionally made at 25°C.

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                          I.  INTRODUCTION






     The Environmental Protection Agency  (EPA), Region X, requested the




National Field Investigations Center-Denver (NFIC-D), EPA, Office of




Enforcement, to conduct comprehensive water quality investigations in the




Snake River Basin (Twin Falls area).  These studies were conducted from




November 2 to 17, 1971 and included an evaluation of municipal and indus-




trial wastewater treatment facilities.  Subsequently, stream surveys were




conducted on the Snake River, from upstream of Perrine Coulee (RM 611.5) to




downstream from Rock Creek (RM 606.2), and on Rock Creek from RM 606.8/14.7




to the mouth.  The primary objectives of  these investigations were to:




     1.  Determine the characteristics and magnitude of municipal and




industrial waste loads discharged to the  Snake River and its tributaries




in the Twin Falls Area.




     2.  Evaluate the impact of these waste discharges on the quality of




the receiving waters.




     3.  Ascertain if municipal and industrial discharges are in compliance




with applicable water quality standards and regulations.




     A.  Provide a basis for evaluation of Refuse Act Permit applications.




     5.  Determine if abatement actions are necessary.




     Water Quality Standards applicable to the Snake River, an interstate




stream, were established in June 1967 by  the Idaho State Board of Health




[Appendix A].  Subsequently, in September 1968, the Idaho State Board of




Health established the Water Quality Standards for all state waters [Appendix




B].  These Standards consist of three components: 1) Stream classifications

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(interstate waters) that designate water uses to be protected; 2) Water




quality criteria that specify water quality conditions which must be main-




tained; and 3) An implementation plan that establishes time schedules for




providing adequate wastewater control facilities for all major sources




of pollution.




     Bacterial analyses reported herein were provided by the Environmental




Protection Agency (EPA), Region X, Seattle, Washington.




     The cooperation of personnel of City, State, and Federal agencies and




industries in supplying information and assistance is gratefully acknowl-




edged.




     The Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 were




enacted subsequent to the completion of the survey and preparation of




the draft report.  The document has been extensively revised to reflect




the requirements of the 1972 Amendments.




     Additional studies by EPA, Region X and the Idaho State Board of




Health are under way at this time.  Those studies may indicate that treat-




ment requirements more stringent than those suggested herein, may be neces-




sary in order to protect the receiving waters for their designated uses.

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                    II.  SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS







     1.  The Twin Falls Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant presently pro-




vides only primary treatment.  Average BOD removal during the period of




the survey was approximately 31 percent.  Disinfection of the effluent




during this study was inadequate.  Failure by the City to provide "the




highest and best practicable treatment and control," constitutes a vio-




lation of the policies of the State Board of Health, as set forth in the




Idaho Water Quality Standards for interstate waters.  The Idaho State




Board of Health has directed that the city provide secondary treatment




by July 1, 1973.  City officials should be formally advised that Federally




promulgated regulations pertaining to secondary treatment and disinfection




of domestic wastes must be met, and that city ordinances, which will ensure




compliance with Federal pretreatment regulations, must be enacted and




enforced.




     2.  Information was obtained [Appendix E] indicating the intent of




Independent Meat Company and Idaho Frozen Foods, Inc., to connect process




waste discharges to the municipal collection and treatment system.  Plans




for pretreatment of the process wastes have not been concluded.  Company




officials should be formally advised that pretreatment must be provided to




comply with Federal regulations and applicable City ordinance requirements.




     3.  Rock Creek is severely degraded by industrial wastewater discharges




between RM 12.4 and the mouth.  The BOD level and total- and fecal-




coliform bacterial densities increased 15, 116,000 and 80 times, respectively,




in this reach.  Dissolved-oxygen concentrations were depressed at RM 6.6,

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RM 8.5, RM 9.4, and RM 11.8 to levels below those required by the Idaho




Water Quality Standards.  Industrial waste solids blanketed portions of the




stream bottom damaging aquatic life in these stream sections, including




fish propagation.




     4.  Colonial Concrete, Inc., violated the Idaho Water Quality Standards




by the discharge of inorganic solids which both blanketed the bottom and




discolored the waters of Rock Creek.  Company officials should be advised




that permit conditions will limit the suspended solids concentration to




20 rag/1 in the discharge.




     5.  The Amalgamated Sugar Company violated the Idaho Water Quality




Standards by the daily discharge into Rock Creek of 16,700 pounds of BOD,




9,580 pounds of suspended solids, and excessive numbers of coliform




bacteria.  During the survey a dike forming the flume water lagoon rup-




tured , allowing an estimated 60 acre-feet of essentially untreated flume




water to enter Rock Creek.  Company officials should be advised that per-




mit conditions will limit permissible discharge levels to those specified




for the sugar beet industry [Appendix D].  To meet these conditions




containment may be necessary during low flow periods.  The company should




further be advised that all lagoon dikes must be constructed according




to accepted engineering practices.  Any further discharge or spill will




become the basis for prosecution under applicable laws and regulations.




     6.  Idaho Frozen Foods, Inc., contributed to Idaho Water Quality Stand-




ards violations by the daily discharge into Rock Creek of 16,800 pounds




of BOD, 26,300 pounds of COD, 3,900 pounds of suspended solids, 175 pounds




of oil and grease, and excessive numbers of coliforra bacteria.  Company

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officials should be formally advised that treatment must be provided to




meet the permit conditions [listed in Appendix D] if discharge to Rock




Creek is continued.  If the effluent is discharged to the municipal col-




lection and treatment system, pretreatment must be provided that meets




applicable Federal regulations and City ordinances.




     7.  Independent Meat Company contributed to violations of Idaho Water




Quality Standards by the daily discharge into Rock Creek of 147 pounds of




BOD and excessive numbers of coliform bacteria.  The intent, at the time




of this investigation, was to connect the discharge to the municipal col-




lection and treatment system.




     8.  The inflow of Rock Creek increased the total-coliform bacterial




density in the Snake River by 20 times.  The bacterial contamination from




Rock Creek alone would cause a violation of the bacterial criteria estab-




lished for the Snake River, an interstate stream.




     9.  The BOD and suspended solids concentrations in Rock Creek can be




reduced to levels compatible with Water Quality Standards by:  1) elimina-




tion of wastewater discharges to Rock Creek from Idaho Frozen Foods and




Independent Meat Company and 2) reduction of the loads discharged by




Colonial Concrete, Inc., and Amalgamated Sugar Company through the installa-




tion of treatment that meets the requirements of the proposed permit con-




ditions [Appendix D].




    10.  Operators of fish hatcheries, in the Twin Falls area, should be




advised that permit conditions will require removal of solids from the




wastewater discharge during cleaning operations.

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                      III.  DESCRIPTION OF AREA






     The Snake River in the Twin Falls area  (RM 611.5 to RM 606.2) flows




westwardly through a deep canyon [Figure 1].  Access to the valley floor




is limited.  The width of the canyon varies, and the land between the vertical




walls and the water's edge is, for the most part, flat.  It is wide enough,




however, to afford acreage for ranches, resorts, trout farms, and orchards.




Recreational areas located along the Snake River attract sportsmen, sight-




seers , and boating enthusiasts.




     Perrine Coulee is a stream that, in emptying into the Snake River




(RM 611.3) downstream of the Perrine Coulee Bridge, cascades off the 500-foot




high canyon wall.




     Rock Creek flows in a narrow canyon through the outskirts of Twin Falls




to its confluence ,with the Snake River (RM 606.8).  The City of Twin Falls




has a population of about 22,000 persons and is the home of The College of




Southern Idaho.  Agriculture and food-processing (chiefly potatoes and sugar




beets) are the primary economic activities.




     The climate in the Twin Falls area is typically characterized by warm-




to-hot, dry summers and cold winters.  Extreme temperatures range from minus




30° to 100°F.  The average annual precipitation is approximately eight inches.




     The Snake River, an interstate stream, has been classified by the Idaho




State Board of Health as suitable for domestic and industrial water supply,




irrigation, livestock watering, salmonid fish rearing, aquatic and wildlife,




and aesthetics [Appendix A].  Rock Creek, an intrastate stream, is used




for industrial water supply and recreation.

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  Salmon Da
Salmon  Creek
 Reservoir
                                                  SAWTOOTH NATION AL FOREST
                    Figure   I  -l.oculion Map-Snake River. Twim FuJlls.  Nako

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                         IV.  WASTE SOURCES






     Municipal and industrial waste sources  [Table 1] in the Snake River




Basin  (RM 606.2 to 611.5) were investigated during November 1971  [Figure 2,




inside back cover].  Most Industries in the Twin Falls area are connected




to the Twin Falls Wastewater Treatment Plant..  In addition to several




trout farms, the following five industries discharge wastewater directly




to Rock Creek:




                   (1)  Amalgamated Sugar Company




                   (2)  Colonial Concrete, Incorporated




                   (3)  Idaho Frozen Foods, Incorporated




                   (4)  Independent Meat Company




                   (5)  Ready to Pour Concrete




     During the study period data were obtained on water pollution control




practices at each plant which discharges wastewater to Rock Creek and the




Snake River.  Information was secured through in-plant surveys, inspection




of Refuse Act Permit applications, and contact with plant representatives.




[Individual reports on each waste source evaluation are on file at the




National Field Investigations Center-Denver.  Study methods for waste




source evaluation and stream surveys are found in Appendix C.]






A.  MUNICIPAL




     The Twin Falls Wastewater Treatment Plant, serving a population of about




22,000, was the only municipal waste source evaluated.  This plant provides




primary treatment followed by disinfection.  An estimated 12 percent of the




flow was industrial wastewater.

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                                                                           TABLE 1

                                                           MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCES
                                                                         SNAKE RIVER
                                                                      TWIN FALLS, IDAHO
                                                                       NOVEMBER, 1971
Map
       a/
       ^'
                        Name
                                                  Receiving Water
                                                                      Treatment Facilities
                                                                                                    Abatement Needs
                                                                                                                                      Remarks
            Twin Falls Wastewater Treatment Plant   Snake River
                  (RM 610.2)
            Ready to Pour Concrete
                  (RM 606.8/6.1)
                                                    Rock Creek
                  Primary clarifiers with
                  disinfection
                  Primary and Secondary
                  sedimentation basins
Construction of secondary
treatment and adequate
disinfection
Construction of the best
practicable treatment
method
Disinfection was inadequate.
A new secondary treatment plant
is scheduled to be in operation
by July 1, 1973.
            Colonial Concrete, Inc.
                  (RM 606.8/6.5)
            Idaho Frozen Foods, Inc.
                  (RM 606.8/8.2)
            Frame Trout Farm
                  (RM 606.8/8.A)
                                                    Rock Creek               None
Rock Creek        Flume water-primary
                  clarifier
                  Process water-grease
                  trap, rotating screens,
                  primary clarifier

Rock Creek               None
Construction of the best
practicable treatment
method

By July 1, 1973 connect
to the municipal sewer or
provide the best practi-
cable treatment available
                                            Sediment basins to remove
                                            solids during periods when
                                            raceways are cleaned
According to Company officials
sedimentation basins will be in
operation by July 1, 1972.

This waste discharge will be
connected to the Twin Falls
sewer by July 1, 1973
[Appendix E],
                            It was observed that the efflu-
                            ent contain a large amount of
                            solids when raceways were
                            cleaned.
            Independent Meat Co.
                  (RM 606.8/11.2)
Rock Creek        Condenser water-none
                  Process water-anaerobic
                  lagoon
By July 1, 1973 provide
aeration of the lagoon      This discharge will be connect-
effluent and connect to     ed to the Twin Falls sewer by
municipal sewer or provide  July 1, 1973 [Appendix E].
the best practicable treat-
ment available
            Amalgamated Sugar Company
                  (RM 606.8/12.4)
Rock Creek        Flume water-closed cycle
                  LlKie wastes nmt-over-
                  flowing lagoons, ashes
                  from boiler & lime kiln
                  non-over-flowing lagoon

                  General plant waste,
                  Condenser water and CSF
                  Sewer-none
Improved operation
        None

        None
                                                                                                Secondary Treatment by
                                                                                                July 1, 1973
                            The industry should employ
                            the best practicable treatment
                            technology available to the
                            sugar beet industry [Appendix
                            D], construction should be in
                            accord with standard engineer-
                            ing practices (I.e. proper com-
                            paction of dikes, etc.)
a/ See Figure 2.

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     The in-plant survey revealed that BOD removal ranged from 21 to 38

percent [Table 2].  BOD in the effluent averaged 220 mg/1.  High bacterial

densities demonstrated that disinfection of the effluent was not

adequate [Table 3].

     Failure by the City to provide "the highest and best practicable treat-

ment and control" constitutes a violation of the policies of the State Board

of Health, as set forth in the Idaho Water Quality Standards for interstate

waters.

     The Idaho State Board of Health has required the City of Twin Falls

to have secondary treatment facilities in operation by July 1, 1973.  An

engineering study has been completed and City officials indicate that this

deadline will be met.

     The Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 requires

that publicly owned wastewater treatment plants provide best practicable

treatment by 1977.  Regulations, now being promulgated by EPA, will

limit BOD and suspended solids in the treated effluent and require dis-
          *
Infection.   Further, it is proposed that industrial wastewaters that

are discharged to publicly owned treatment systems be pretreated to

levels comparable to domestic sewage and to remove substances which

can inhibit treatment processes or pass through such systems in concen-

trations that are detrimental to the quality of the receiving waters.

Twin Falls must, therefore, enact and enforce ordinances that will im-

plement the requirements of these regulations.
  The BOD and suspended solids will each be limited to a monthly average
  of 30 mg/1 and a weekly average of 45 mg/1 or 85 percent overall reduc-
  tion, whichever produces the best quality effluent.  The fecal-coliforra
  bacterial density will be limited to a weekly average of 400/100 ml and
  a monthly average of 200/100 ml.

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                                                                           TABLE 2

                                      SUMMARY OF ANALYTICAL DATA FOR MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS
                                                             SNAKE RIVER BASIN - TWIN FALLS AREA
                                                                        NOVEMBER 1971
Description
Twin Falls Wastewater
Treatment Plant
Influent
Effluent
Amalgamated Sugar Company
CSF Sewer . ,
Main Sewer
Colonial Concrete, Inc.
Flow
mgd
Average


4.35
4.35
1.0
9.5
0.29^
pH
Range


7.6-8.1
7.2-7.7
8.2-8.6
8.2-8.8

Conductivity
pmhos/cm
Range


1350-2400
1500-2000
620-875
490-600

Temp "C
Range


17-19
16-18
37-40
28-33


Range


280-390
210-240
60-320
150-270

BOD
mg/1
Average


320
220
220
210

COD
mg/1
Range Average


310-799 465
231-293 255


Settleable Solids
ml/1
Range


6-15
0.1-0.
0.5-1.
1.0-1.

Average


10
2 0.2
7 0.9
8 1.3
17a/
Suspended
Solids mg/1
Average




55
155
40, 00^
Oil &
Grease
mg/1



24-'


Frame Trout Farm

Idaho Frozen Foods, Inc.
     Combined effluent

Independent-Meat Company
     Anaerobic lagoon
     effluent

Ready to Pour Concrete
                             3.2-'   7.6-7.9    800-900
                                                            11-12
1.5     6.2-10.5  1800-2400    21-24



0.1     6.7-7.6   2150-2850    21-23

0.22    8.0-8.3   1100-1180     5-6
                                                                        1-4
1300-1400
 160-190
             1370
              175
1870-2360  2100
1.1-4.5
2.3
 158-574    355    0.7-2.0    1.2
                                                              320
a/ There is only one sample.
b/ The main sewer contains general plant wastes and condenser water.
cl This is an estimated value.
d/ Flow was obtained from the permit application.

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                                                                           TABLE 3

                                      SUMMARY OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSES OF MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE DISCHARGES
                                                             SNAKE RIVER BASIN - TWIN FALLS AREA
                                                                        NOVEMBER 1971
Map Key-'
                  Station Description
                                            Dates
                                                                  Total
                                                             Collfonn/100 ml
                                                                  Arlth.
                                                        Maximum   Mean        Minimum
                                                               Fecal
                                                          Collform/100 ml
                                                               Arith.
                                                    Maximum    Mean      Minimum
                                                            Fecal
                                                     Streptococcus/lOO ml
                                                            Arith.
                                                 Maximum    Mean   Minimum
             Twin Falls Wastewater
             Treatment Plant effluent
             after chlorination

             Idaho Frozen Foods, Inc.
             combined effluent
11/9-15/71   >800,000  >252,000
11/9-15/71  l.SOOxlO6   360xl06
             Frame Trout Farm effluent    11/12-16/71     7,200     6,100

             Independent Meat Co.
                Condenser water discharge 11/9-11/71    110,000    39,000
                Anaerobic lagoon effluent 11/9-15/71    700,000   251,000

             Amalgamated Sugar Company
             combined effluent            11/9-15/70  1,100,000   675,000
    140



1.7xl06


  4,800
                                      2,000
                                    100,000
                                    300,000
                                                                                              >60,000    H7.300
<10      62,000   16,800
60
                                                                                            1,600,000   <500,000    17,000      71xl06  12.4xl06  52,000
                                                         10
                    500        250        60
                 62,000     49,000    40,000
                                                                                         100
                                                                                                    60      20
                                                                                                                                 2,000     1,480     650
                                                                                                                                40,000   119,400   4,500
                350,000   <155,000  <100,000   1,000,000   276,000  76,000
a/ See Figure 2.

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                                                                    12
     Design data pertaining to the required improvements to the Twin Falls

Wastewater Treatment Plant were not available.  Thus, no evaluation of the

capability to meet the new Federal requirements could be made.


B.  INDUSTRIAL

     Permit conditions for most classes of industrial waste guidelines

are to be promulgated by EPA.  Effluent guidelines [Appendix D] for the

permit conditions have been provided to the EPA Regional Permit Program

Offices.  The final guidelines are expected to be essentially those set

forth in the proposed guidelines.  The industrial waste sources examined

during the investigation have been evaluated in terms of the expected

permit conditions.  Those evaluations are summarized in the following

paragraphs.


Amalgamated Sugar Company, Box 127, Twin Falls, Idaho.

     This sugar mill is a Steffen house operation and processes about

4,800 tons of beets per day.  Flume water, lime wastes, and ash-laden waste-

waters are treated in a "closed" water recycle system.  All other wastes are

combined and discharged to Rock Creek without treatment.

     An in-plant survey was conducted November 8 to 17, 1971, to evaluate

wastewater being discharged from this plant.  During the survey a dike,

forming the flume-water emergency storage pond, ruptured due to improper

construction, allowing an estimated 60 acre-feet of flume water to spill
                *
into Rock Creek.
* A separate report entitled "Report on the In-Plant Evaluation and Investi-
  gation of an Accidental Spill at the Amalgamated Sugar Company, Twin Falls,
  Idaho" documenting this spill was prepared by the NFIC-D and forwarded to
  Region X, Seattle, Washington, February 4, 1972.

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                                                                    13





     Results of the in-plant survey showed that the average daily loads




discharged to Rock Creek were 16,700 pounds of BOD (3.5 Ib/ton of beets)




and 9,580 pounds of suspended solids (2.0 Ib/ton of beets), respectively




[Table 2].  This discharge depressed the dissolved oxygen in Rock Creek




causing a violation of Idaho Water Quality Standards.  These loads do not




include the 60 acre-feet of flume water discharged during the spill.  The




total-and fecal-coliform bacteria densities in the effluent averaged




675,000/100 ml and less than 155,000/100 ml, respectively [Table 3].  This




discharge resulted in average total- and fecal-coliform bacteria densities




in Rock Creek [RM 11.8] of 223,600/100 ml and 11,900/100 ml, respectively.




These densities violate the Idaho Water Quality Standards applicable to




all waters of the State.




     In order to protect the quality of the receiving waters, meet appli-




cable State and Federal water quality standards, and comply with the 1972




Amendments, Amalgamated Sugar Company must implement treatment practices




that will attain or surpass the effluent guidelines for the sugar-beet




industry [Appendix D].






Colonial Concrete, Incorporated, Box 1151, Twin Falls, Idaho




     Sand is washed at the rate of 25 tons/hour at this plant.  Wash water




is obtained from a seep (spring) at the rate of 200 gpm and subsequently,




discharged to Rock Creek without treatment.  A sample of the highly turbid




effluent contained 17 inl/1 of settleable solids and 40,000 mg/1 of sus-




pended solids [Table 2].




     Rock Creek immediately downstream from this discharge was visibly




discolored.  This discharge caused a sediment blanket which covered the

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                                                                     14





bottom of Rock Creek, interfering with the beneficial use of the creek




as a fishery and violating the Idaho Water Quality Standards for all




state waters.




     According to a Colonial Concrete official, primary and secondary




settling ponds were to be constructed and in operation by July 1, 1972.




Application has not been made for a Refuse Act Permit to discharge waste-




waters to Rock Creek, a tributary to a navigable river.




     Company officials should be advised that application for a discharge



permit must be made and that the new treatment facilities must reduce




suspended solids in the discharge to not more than 20 mg/1 [Appendix D],






Idaho Frozen Foods, Incorporated, 856 Fall Street, Twin Falls, Idaho




     This Company processes 500 tons of potatoes per day from September to




June to produce frozen packaged potatoes (french fries, shoestring potatoes,




and hashbrowns).  Potatoes are trucked to the plant and flumed to the pro-




cess line.  Flume water is treated in a clarifier (35 ft diameter, 14 ft




deep) with the majority of the water being recycled.  Solids removed from




the clarifier are spread on nearby fields.  Excess clarified water is




discharged to Rock Creek.




     Process wastewater passes through a grease trap into two rotating




screens and then to a clarifier (55 ft diameter, 12 ft deep).  Solids




removed by the rotating screens and clarifier are used for cattle feed.




Effluent from the clarifier combines with the excess flume water and is




discharged to Rock Creek.




     A survey was conducted November 3 to 16, 1971, to ascertain waste loads




discharged from this plant.  Analytical results [Table 2] indicated that

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                                                                       15






Idaho Frozen Foods, Incorporated, discharged average daily loads of 16,800




pounds of BOD (34 Ib/ton of potatoes), 26,300 pounds of COD  (53 Ib/ton of




potatoes), and 3,900 pounds of suspended solids  (8 Ib/ton of potatoes).




This discharge depressed the dissolved oxygen in Rock Creek resulting




in a violation of Idaho Water Quality Standards.  A sample of the effluent




contained 14 mg/1 (175 Ib/day) of oil and grease.  Total- and fecal- coliform




bacteria densities in the combined effluent ranged from 1,700,000 to




1,600,000,000/100 ml and 17,000 to 1,600,000/100 ml, respectively [Table 3].




These coliform organisms contributed to severe bacterial contamination




of Rock Creek.




     The Idaho State Board of Health has required Idaho Frozen Foods, Incor-




porated, to provide adequate treatment by July 1, 1973.  Company officials




proposed to either connect the wastewater discharge to the municipal sewer




or provide adequate treatment before this date [Appendix E],




     Company officials should be advised that treatment, to conform with




the permit conditions listed in Appendix D, must be provided if the dis-




charge is continued to Rock Creek.  If the effluent is discharged to the




municipal collection and treatment system, pretreatment must be provided




to meet applicable Federal regulations and City ordinances.






Independent Meat Company, Box EE, Twin Falls, Idaho




     This Company slaughters cattle and hogs, processes meat, cures and




smokes meat products, manufactures sausage products, and renders edible




fat.  The rated daily capacity of the plant is 150 hogs and 50 cattle.




     All wastewater except condenser water is discharged to an anaerobic

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                                                                        16


 lagoon.   The lagoon effluent  is discharged  to Rock Creek.  Condenser water


 is discharged directly to Rock Creek.


     An  in-plant survey was conducted November 8 to 11, 1971,  to ascertain


 waste  loads discharged from this plant.  Results of the analysis [Table 2]


 indicate that Independent Meat Company discharged average daily loads of


 147 pounds of BOD  (approximately 1.7 lb/1,000 Ib LWK) and 7 pounds of


 oil and  grease  (approximately 0.08 lb/1,000 Ib LWK).  The total- and


 fecal-coliform  bacteria densities ranged from 100,000 to 700,000/100 ml


 and 40,000 to 62,000/100 ml,  respectively  [Table 3].  These coliform


 organisms contributed to severe bacterial contamination in Rock Creek.


     Wastewater discharged from Independent Meat Company contributed to


 the depression  of DO concentrations in Rock Creek.  The dissolved oxygen


 ranged from 69-94 percent of  saturation upstream (RM 11.8) of  the dis-


 charge to 60-68 percent of saturation downstream (RM 9.4), a violation


 of the Idaho Water Quality Standards.
                                                                •\

     The  Idaho State Board of Health has required Independent  Meat Company


 to provide adequate treatment by July 1, 1973.  The Company intends to


 connect  to the municipal sewer before this  date [Appendix E].


     Company officials should be advised that pretreatment must be pro-


vided to  meet the Federal regulations and applicable City ordinances.


 If the Company continues to discharge to Rock Creek, treatment must be


provided  to meet the permit conditions [listed in Appendix D].



Ready to  Pour Concrete, Box 274, Twin Falls, Idaho


     The  Company operates eight months annually, washing sand  and gravel


at a maximum rate of 600 cubic yards/day.  Wash water is obtained from  a

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                                                                       17





drainage ditch (0.13 mgd) and discharged after use to Rock Creek following




primary and secondary sedimentation.  An eight-hour composite sample col-




lected on November 8, 1971, showed the effluent discharged to Rock Creek




contained less than 0.1 ml/1 of settleable solids  [Table 2].




     Visual observations of the sedimentation basins showed short circuit-




ing of wastewater through the secondary basin.  This condition can be cor-




rected by the relocation of the discharge from the primary basin into the




secondary basin along with the addition of a dike in the primary basin.






Trout Farms and Hatcheries




     Blue Lakes Trout Farm, Inc.; Canyon Trout Farm; Frame Trout Farm; and




Twin Falls Fish Hatchery raise trout for commercial and stocking purposes.




Water is obtained from major springs and discharged without treatment to




Rock Creek and the Snake River.




     An in-plant survey was conducted at Frame Trout Farm during November




12 to 16, 1971, to ascertain waste loads discharged into Rock Creek.  Results




of the analyses indicate that the effluent contained 1 to 4 mg/1 of BOD




[Table 2].  Visual observations showed that when raceways are cleaned large




concentrations of solids (fish droppings, excess food, etc.) are discharged




into the receiving waters.




     Operation of Blue Lakes Trout Farm, Inc.; Canyon Trout Farm and Twin




Falls Fish Hatchery is similar to that of Frame Trout Farm.  It is believed,




therefore, that the effluents from the other three trout farms would be of




a similiar quality to that discharged from Frame Trout Farm.




     Permits to be issued to the trout farms should specify that provision




be made for removal of solids for the effluent during cleaning operations.

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                                                                        18
                         V.  STREAM SURVEYS

     During the period November 12 to 16, 1971, a water-quality survey  was
conducted on the Snake River (RM 606.2 to RM 611.5) and on Rock Creek from
upstream of Twin Falls (RM 14.7) downstream to the mouth  [Figure 2].  [Results
of chemical and bacteriological analyses are provided in Tables 4,  5, and 6.]

A.  ROCK CREEK
     Rock Creek originates in the Sawtooth National Forest and flows north-
west through Twin Falls to its confluence with the Snake River at RM 606.8.
Upstream of Twin Falls at RM 14.7, Rock Creek was relatively unpolluted.
Dissolved-oxygen concentrations ranged from 8.4 to 11.6 mg/1 (84-112
percent of saturation) and total- and fecal-coliform bacterial densities
averaged 190 and less than 35/100 ml, respectively.  Water temperature
ranged from 5° to 9° C, and BOD from 1 to 3 mg/1.  From RM 14.7 to  the
mouth, Rock Creek flows through a deep narrow canyon where there is a
drop in elevation of approximately 900 ft.
     The Amalgamated Sugar Company [RM 12.4] discharged an average  of
16,700 pounds of BOD per day.  Average total- and fecal-coliform bacterial
densities in the effluent were 675,000 and less than 155,000/100 ml, re-
spectively.  At Eastland Road (RM 11.8) the DO in Rock Creek decreased
to a range of 6.8 to 8.8 mg/1 (69 to 94 percent of saturation).  Temper-
ature ranged from 9° to 12.5°C, a temperature increase of approximately
3°C.  BOD ranged from 40 to 70 mp/1.  Average total- and fecal-coliform den-
sities increased to 223,600 and 11,900/100 ml, respectively.  This  decrease
in DO and the increase in temperature and bacterial densities violated
the Idaho Water Quality Standards [Sections 6A, 6B, and 6D - Appendix B].

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                                                                           TABLE 4

                                                    SUMMARY OF FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND ANALYTICAL RESULTS
                                                         SNAKE RIVER, ROCK CREEK, AND PERRINE COULEE
                                                                    November 12-16, 1971
Map ,
Key—    Station Description
                            Flow
                             CFS         pH
                           Average	Range
                                                       Total
      Conductivity                D.O.      D.O.     Alkalinity          BOD
        limbos/cm     Temp °C      mg/1      % Sat   mg/1 as CaCOj  	mg/1       __       	
         Range	Range	Range	Range	Average	Range Average    Range  Average
                                   TOC
                                   mg/1
10
11
        Snake River downstream   8,550 (est)
        from Rock Creek (RM 606.2)

        Snake River upstream     8,350 (est)
        of Rock Creek and
        downstream from Twin Falls
        wastewater treatment plant
        (RM 610.0)
                                       8.0-8.4     340-525       3.0-7.0    10.1-12.2   93-106
                                       8.0-8.3     400-480      3.5-6.0    10.4-12.0   94-103
        Snake River upstream
        of Perrine Coulee
        (RM 611.5)
                         8,300  (est)   8.0-8.3     320-460       4.0-7.0     10.4-11.3    91-99
Perrine Coulee near         13.8
mouth  (RM 611.3/0.2)

Rock Creek near mouth       170  (est)
(RM 606.8/0.2)

Rock Creek downstream       165
from Canyon Trout  Farm
(RM 606.8/4.3)

Rock Creek upstream of
US-30  Highway Bridge
(RM 606.8/6.6)

Rock Creek upstream of
Frame  Trout Farm
(RM 606.8/8.5)

Rock Creek upstream of
Twin Falls Fish Hatchery
(RM 606.8/9.4)

Rock Creek at Eastland
Road Bridge (RM 606.8/11.8)

Rock Creek at North         33
3400 Road Bridge
(RM 606.8/14.7)
                                               8.3-8.7     400-540
                                               7.8-
                                               7.9-i
8.3


8.3
                                                                        2.0-6.0    10.4-12.0   91-103
                                               8.1-8.3     650-900      8.0-11.0    8.5-10.6   84-100
                                               7.7-8.0     750-900      8.0-12.0    6.4-8.2    66-80
                                               7.2-8.0     750-875
                                                                        9.0-11.0    5.2-7.0    54-71
                                               7.2-7.9     700-750      8.5-12.0    5.8-7.0    62-69
                                               7.7-7.9     700-750
                                                           650-800
                                                           650-725
                                                                        9.0-12.0    5.6-6.7    60-68
                                                                        9.0-12.5    6.8-8.8    69-94
                                                                        5.0-9.0     8.4-11.6   84-112
149


141





141



154


243


251



232



217



215



213


212
                                                                                                                        2-8     4
                                                                     1-3     2
                                                                                                                        2-3     2
                                                                                                                        2-3     3
                                                                    14-43   29
                                                                    19-42   30
                                                                                                                       14-46   32
                                                                    22-140  57
                                                                                                                       26-130  62
                                                                                                                        1-3     2
                                                                                                                                         3-6
3-6
                                                                                                                                         3-4
                                                                                                                                         5-7
                                                                                                                                         7-11     11
                                                                                                                                         8-18     11
                                                                                                                                         6-16     12
                                                                                                                                         7-24     12
                                                                                                                                         9-24     12
                                                                                                                       40-100  65       10-115    38
                                                                                                                                         3-4
a/ See Figure 2.

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                                                                       TABLE 5

                                                          RESULTS OF BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
                                                      SNAKE  RIVER, ROCK CREEK, AND PERRINE COULEE
                                                                NOVEMBER  12-16, 1971
Total Coliform Fecal Coliform Fecal Streptococcus
Count/100 ml Count/100 ml Count/100 ml
Map ,
Key^'
1

2



3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10


11

Station Description
Snake River downstream from
Rock Creek (RM 606.2)
Snake River upstream of Rock
Creek and downstream from Twin
Falls wastewater treatment plant
(RM 610.0)
Snake River upstream of Perrine
Coulee (RM 611.5)
Perrine Coulee near mouth
(RM 611.3/0.2)
Rock Creek near mouth
(RM 606.8/0.2)
Rock Creek downstream from
Canyon Trout Farm (RM 606.8/4.3)
Rock Creek upstream of US -30
Highway Bridge (RM 606.8/6.6)
Rock Creek upstream of Frame
Trout Farm (RM 606.8/8.5)
Rock Creek upstream of Twin
Falls Fish Hatchery (RM 606.8/9.4)
Rock Creek at Eastland Road
Bridge (RM 606.8/11.8)

Rock Creek at North 3400 Road
Bridge (RM 606.8/14.7)
Maximum
1,500,000

48,000



74,000

610

100,000,000

19,000,000

>800,000

460,000

150,000

450,000


400

Arith. Arith.
Mean Minimum Maximum Mean
480,000 42,000 500 340

24,900 7,300 100 60



38,000 9,000 120 60

280 160 170 45

22,100,000 80,000 7,000 <2,400

438,000 180,000 4,100 1,400

>440,000 100,000 21,000 9,000

157,000 48,000 36,000 14,300

65,800 15,000 27,000 8,800

223,600 15,000 33,000 11,900


190 40 80 35

Minimum Maximum
<10 28,000

30 900



<10 350

<10 300

<1,000 820,000

170 380,000

<1,000 560,000

500 370,000

<100 <230,000

<100 83,000


<10 470

Arith.
Mean
13,600

410



230

145

282,000

204,000

297,000

>129,000

<59,000

45,200


140

Minimum
850

200



100

30

180

100,000

16,000

20,000

1,900

5,000

ro
<10 °

See Figure 2,

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                                                                           TABLE  6

                                                      SUMMARY OF HEAVY  METAL  DATA AT  SELECTED STATIONS
                                                         SNAKE RIVER, ROCK CREEK  AND  PERRINE COULEE
                                                                    NOVEMBER 12-16,  1971
Map Key^ Station Description
1 Snake River downstream from Rock Creek (RM 606.2)
2 Snake River upstream of Rock Creek and downstream
from Twin Falls Wastewater Treatment Plant (RM 610.0)
3 Snake River upstream of Perrine Coulee (RM 611.5)
4 Perrine Coulee near mouth (RM 611.3/0.2)
5/ Rock Creek near mouth (RM 606.8/0.2)
11 Rock Creek at North 3400 Rock Bridge (RM 606.8/14.7)
range
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
<0.01
Copper
mg/1
range
<0. 02-0.04
<0. 02-0. 08
<0. 02-0 .06

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                                                                       22
     Water quality of Rock Creek (RM 11.2) was further degraded by waste-




water from Independent Meat Company.  This company discharges an effluent




containing an average of 147 pounds of BOD per day and an average total-




and fecal-coliform bacteria density of less than 251,000 and 71,000/100 ml,




respectively.  Rock Creek at RM 9.4 showed a DO concentration range of 5.6




to 6.7 mg/1 (60 to 68 percent of saturation) and total- and fecal-coliform




bacterial densities of 65,800 and 8,800/100 ml, respectively, both of which




are violations of the Idaho State Water Quality Standards.




     The quality of Rock Creek from RM 9.4 downstream to RM 8.5 did not




change appreciably, with the exception of coliform bacteria densities.




The average total- and fecal-coliform bacterial densities increased from




65,800 to 157,000/100 ml and from 8,800 to 14,300/100 ml, respectively.




Several cattle holding pens, located on the banks of Rock Creek in this




reach, are the probable reason for this increase.




     Idaho Frozen Foods was discharging, also at the time of the survey,




an effluent (RM 8.2) that contained an average of 16,800 pounds of BOD




per day.  Total- and fecal-coliform bacterial densities ranged from




1,700,000 to 1,600,000,000/100 ml, and from 17,000 to 1,600,000/100 ml,




respectively.  Idaho bacterial criteria were violated in this reach




[RM 8.2 to 6.6] of Rock Creek.




     Colonial Concrete, Inc., discharged highly turbid wastewater to Rock




Creek at RM 6.5.  This discharge results in the deposit of sediment in the




creek, a violation of Water Quality Standards.




     From RM 4.3 to the mouth there were no apparent wastewater discharges.




The flow in this reach was rapid and turbulent, allowing for reaeration.




Near the mouth DO values were similar to those observed at RM 14.7 (i.e.,

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                                                                        23
ranges of 8.5 to 10.6 mg/1 and 8.4 to 11.6 mg/1, respectively).  However, the




BOD and the total- and fecal-coliform bacterial densities had increased by




fourteen, five and two orders of magnitude, respectively [Tables 4 and 5].




     Visual observations made during the survey showed that sludge beds




existed in Rock Creek downstream from Amalgamated Sugar Company and Idaho




Frozen Foods.  Sphaerotilus was observed in the creek from just downstream




from the Amalgamated Sugar Company discharge to the mouth.  Due to the turbu-




lent mixing action of Rock Creek, large amounts of foam occurred near the




mouth of Rock Creek.




     Water samples collected at selected stations in Rock Creek show that




heavy metals do not pose a water quality problem [Table 6].




     In summary, the water quality of Rock Creek was found to be severely




degraded by industrial discharges between RM 606.8/14.7 and RM 606.8/4.3.




Due to water turbulence in Rock Creek the DO concentrations at the mouth




were similar to those observed upstream of all industrial discharges




(RM 14.7).  Between these stations the BOD levels and the total- and




fecal-coliform bacterial densities on the other hand, increased by factors




of 14; 116,000; and 80 times, respectively.




     Industrial discharges from Amalagamated Sugar Company, Independent




Meat Company, Idaho Frozen Foods, and Colonial Concrete, Inc., resulted in




violations of Section 6A, 6B, and 6D of the Idaho State Standards applicable




to all state waters.  As noted earlier, discharges from Idaho Frozen Foods




and Independent Meat Company are to be connected by July 1, 1973, to the




Twin Falls Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant [Appendix E].  This will




reduce the pollutant loads being discharged to Rock Creek.

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                                                                        24
B.  SNAKE RIVER


     The flow of the Snake River in the Twin Falls area is controlled by


Milner Reservoir (RM 640.0).  The flow observed in the Snake River down-

                                        *
stream from the reservoir was 8,350 cfs.   The River upstream of Perrine


Coulee (RM 611.5) had high DO and low BOD ranges  (10.4 to 11.3 rag/1 and


less than 2 to 3 mg/1, respectively).  However, the average total- and


fecal-coliform bacterial densities were high (38,000 and 9,000/100 ml,


respectively), thus constituting a violation of the Idaho Water Quality


Standards.


     Perrine Coulee and the Twin Falls Wastewater Treatment Plant discharge


to the Snake River at RM 611.3 and RM 610.2, respectively.  Perrine Coulee


discharged approximately 340 pounds of BOD per day (3 mg/1) and the average


total- and fecal-coliform bacterial densities were 280 and 45/100 ml,


respectively.  Effluent from the municipal plant contained 8,120 pounds


of BOD per day (220 mg/1), and the total- and fecal-coliform bacterial


densities ranged from 40 to greater than 800,000/100 ml and from less than


10 to greater than 60,000/100 ml, respectively.  The effect of these two


inflows on the quality of the Snake River could not be measured downstream


at RM 610.0.


     Rock Creek joins the Snake River at RM 606.8.  The 170 cfs from Rock


Creek contained 26,500 pounds of BOD per day and total- and fecal-coliform


bacteria densities of 22,100,000 and 2,400/100 ml, respectively.  The Snake


River at RM 606.2 shows the effect of Rock Creek even though the dilution
* Flow is for the Snake River near Kimberly, Idaho, and was provided by
  the USGS Water Resources Division, Boise, Idaho.

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                                                                       25
was 49-to-l.  Average levels of BOD increased from 2 mg/1 (RM 610.0) to




4 mg/1  (RM 606.2).  Average total- and fecal-coliform bacterial densities




increased from 24,900 to 480,000/100 ml and from 60 to 340/100 ml, re-




spectively at these two River stations.  This increase in total coliform




organisms violates Idaho Water Quality Standards for Interstate Waters.




     Water samples collected at selected stations in the Snake River show




that heavy metals do not pose a water quality problem [Table 6].




     In summary, both Perrine Coulee and the Twin Falls Municipal Wastewater




Treatment Plant appear to have little effect on the water quality of the




Snake River.  Rock Creek, however, adversely affects the water quality of




the Snake River, increasing the total-colifonn bacterial density by 20




times.  This increase violates the bacterial criteria established for the




Snake River as stated in the Idaho Water Quality Standards for Interstate




waters  [Appendix A].

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         APPENDIX A
IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS




    FOR INTERSTATE WATERS




 (APPLICABLE TO SNAKE RIVER)







          JUNE 1967

-------
                RULES AND REGULATIONS
                        FOR
         STANDARDS OF WATER QUALITY FOR THE
             INTERSTATE WATERS OF IDAHO
AND DISPOSAL THEREIN OF SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTES
            IDAHO STATE BOARD OF HEALTH
                     June 1967

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                      TABLE OF CONTENTS

                                                          Page

Definitions 	   A-l

Policies of the State Board of Health 	   A-2

Restrictions on the Discharge of Sewage and Industrial
  Wastes and Human Activities which Affect Water Quality
  in the Waters of the State	    A-2

Maintenance of Standards of Quality 	    A-3

General Water Quality Standards for Interstate Streams     A-3

Water Quality Standards for Public Waters of the
  Main Stem of the Snake River from the Wyoming-
  Idaho Border (River Mile 918) to the Oregon-
  Idaho Border (River Mile 407); North Fork Teton
  River; Henry's Fork from Junction with Falls
  River to the Snake River; Raft River; Goose
  Creek; Salmon Falls Creek; Jarbridge River and
  the Bruneau River 	    A-5
Appendix 1 - Laboratory Tests and Procedures 	    A-6

Appendix 2 - Beneficial Uses of Interstate Streams ....    A-7

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                                   DEFINITIONS                              A-l




     The  following definitions shall apply to the interpretation and the enforce-




ment of these  regulations:




     "Sewage"  means the water-carried human or animal waste from residences, build-




ings, industrial establishments or other places together with such ground water




infiltration and surface water as may be present.  The admixture with sewage as




above defined  of industrial wastes or wastes, as defined in the following para-




graphs 2 and 3, shall also be considered "sewage."




     "Industrial waste" means any liquid, gaseous, radioactive or solid waste sub-




stance or a combination thereof resulting from any process of industry, manufacturing,




trade or business, or from the development or recovery of any natural resources.




     "Wastes"  means sewage, industrial wastes, and all other liquid, gaseous, solid,




radioactive or other substances which will or may cause pollution or tend to cause




pollution of the public waters of the state.




     "Pollution" means such contamination or other alteration of the physical,  chem-




ical or biological properties of the public waters of the state, including change  in




temperature, taste, color, turbidity or odor of the waters, or such discharge of any




liquid, gaseous, solid, radioactive or other substance into the waters of the state




which either by itself or in connection with any other substance present, will.or




can reasonably be expected to create a public nuisance or render such waters harmful,




detrimental or injurious to public health, safety or welfare, or to domestic, commer-




cial, industrial, agricultural, recreational or other legitimate uses or to livestock,




wildlife,  fish or other aquatic life or the habitat thereof.




     "Standard" or "standards" means such measure of quality or purity in relation  to




their reasonable and necessary use as may be established by the State Board of Health.




     "River mile" means the distance in miles a specified location is from the mouth




of the stream.

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 1.    POLICIES  OF THE STATE BOARD OF HEALTH                                   A-2




      A.    INTERSTATE COMPACTS, COURT DECREES AND ADJUDICATED WATER RIGHTS




               It shall be the policy of the State Board of Health that the adop-




           tion of water quality standards for interstate streams and the enforce-




           ment of such standards is not intended to conflict with the apportion-




           ment of water to the State of Idaho through any of the interstate




           compacts or court decrees or to interfere with the rights of Idaho




           appropriators in the utilization of the water appropriations which have




           been granted to them under the statutory procedure or water quality




           criteria established by mutual agreement of the participants in inter-




           state water pollution control enforcement procedures.




      B.    HIGHEST AND BEST PRACTICABLE TREATMENT AND CONTROL REQUIRED




               It shall be the policy of the State Board of Health that, notwith-




           standing the water quality standards contained herein, where a higher




           standard can be achieved, the highest and best practicable treatment




          and/or control of wastes, activities and' flows shall be provided so as




           to maintain dissolved oxygen at the highest desirable levels and overall




          water quality as good as possible, and water temperatures, coliform bac-




           teria concentrations, dissolved chemical substances, toxic materials,'




          radioactivity, turbidities, color, odor and other deleterious factors at




           the  lowest desirable levels.  Such policy to apply not only to existing




          waste sources but to future waste sources as they may develop and for




          such other interstate streams not listed herein.




2.   RESTRICTIONS ON THE DISCHARGE 0? SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTES AND HUMAN




     ACTIVITIES WHICH AFFECT WATER QUALITY IN THE WATERS OF THE STATE




          No wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be conducted in




     such a way that said wastes or activities either alone or in combination with




     other wastes or activities will violate or can reasonably be expected to

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                                                                             A-3
     violate  the water quality  standards contained herein.

3.   MAINTENANCE OF STANDARDS OF QUALITY

     A.   The degree of sewage  or waste treatment required  to restore and maintain

          the standards of quality  shall be determined  in each  instance by  the

          State Board of Health and  shall be based upon  the  following:

          (1)  The uses which are or may likely be made  of  the  receiving stream.

          (2)  The size and nature  of  flow of  the receiving  stream.

          (3)  The quantity and quality of the sewage or wastes  to be treated.

          (4)  The presence or  absence of other sources  of pollution on the  same

               watershed.

     B.   The water quality standards are subject to revision (following public

          hearings and concurrence  of  the U. S. Secretary of Interior in the case

          of  interstate streams) as  technical  data, surveillance programs, and

          technological advances make such revisions desirable.

     C.   For purposes of enforcement of these standards, sampling will be done at

          a point where these standards can be evaluated, except for areas  immed-

          iately adjacent to outfalls.  Cognizance will  be given to the opportunity

          for admixture of waste effluents with receiving waters.

     D.   Tests or analytical procedures to determine compliance with standards

          will, insofar as practicable and applicable, be made  in accordance with

          the  methods given in  the  twelfth edition of "Standard Methods for  the

          Examination of Water  and Waste Water" published by the American Public

          Health Association, or in accordance with tests or analytical procedures

          that have been found  to be equal or  more applicable and satisfactory and

          accepted and approved by  the State Beard of Health, as set forth  in

          Appendix 1.

4.   GENERA*  v." ""El 'MJ.'.LI'""' ^"" **DA?D£ F^l 3'TTERS"/ "*" E"*!lE/i-'-!£

          The  following General Water Quality  Standards  shall apply to all  interstate

-------
                                                                              A-4
     waters  of  the state  in addition  to the water quality standards set forth herein

     for  the various  specified and unspecified interstate waters of the state.  Inter-

     state waters shall not contain:

     A.   Toxic  or Other Deleterious Substances (pesticides, phenolics and related

          organic and inorganic materials)

          (1)   Toxic chemicals of other than natural origin in concentrations found

                to be of public health significance or adversely affect the use in-

                dicated.*  (See Appendix 2)

          (2)   Deleterious substances of other than natural origin in concentrations

                that cause tainting of edible species or tastes and odors to be im-

                parted to drinking water supplies.

     B.   Radioactive Materials

          (1)   Radioactive materials of other than natural origin shall not be

                present in any amount which reflects failure in any case to apply

                all controls which are physically and economically feasible.  In no

                case shall such materials exceed the limits established in the 1962

                U.S. Public Health Service Drinking Water Standards.

     C.   Aesthetic Considerations (water offensive to the senses of sight, taste

          smell or touch)

          (1)   Floating or submerged matter not attributable to natural causes.

          (2)   Excess nutrients of other than natural origin that cause visible slime

                growths or other nuisance aquatic growths.

          (3)   Visible concentrations of oil,, sludge deposits, scum, foam or other

               wastes that may adversely affect the use indicated.

          (4)   Objectionable turbidity which can be traced to a point source.


*Guides such as the Water Quality Criteria published by the State of California
Water Quality Control Board" (Second Edition, 1963) will bo used in eval-jntir.g th»
tolerances of the various toxic chemicals for the use indicated.

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                                                                          A-5
WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR PUBLIC WATERS OF THE MAIN STEM OF  THE SNAKE  RIVER  FROM




THE WYOMING-IDAHO BORDER (RIVER MILE 918) TO THE OREGON-IDAHO  BORDER (RIVER MILE  407);




NORTH FORK TETON RIVER; HENRY'S FORK FROM JUNCTION WITH FALLS  RIVER TO THE  SNAKE




RIVER; RAFT RIVER; GOOSE CREEK; SALMON FALLS CREEK; JARBRIDGE  RIVER AND  THE BRUNEAU




RIVER.




1.   No wastes shall be discharged and no activities shall be  conducted  which  either




     alone or in combination with other wastes or activities will cause  in  these  waters:




     A.  Organisms of the Coliform Group where Associated with Fecal Sources  (MPN,




          equivalent MF or appropriate test using a representative number of  samples)




               Average concentrations of coliform bacteria to  exceed 1,000  per 100




          milliliters.with 20 per cent of samples not to exceed 2,400 per 100  milli-




          liters.




     B.  Dissolved Oxygen (DO)




               DO to be less than 75 per cent of saturation at seasonal  low or less




          than 100 per cent saturation in spawning areas during spawning, hatching




          and fry stages of salmonid fishes.




          Exception:   Five parts per million at Milner Dam based on a minimum  stream




          flow of 600 cubic feet per second at this point.




     C.  Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH)




               pH values to be  outside the range of 7.0 to 9.0.  Induced variation




          not to be more than 0.5 pH unit.




     D.  Temperature




               Any measurable increase when stream temperatures are 68°F- or above,




          or more than 2°F. increase when stream temperatures  are 66°F.  or  less.

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                                                                   A-6
                                   Appendix 1




                        LABORATORY TESTS AND PROCEDURES




Standard Methods for the Examination of_ Water and Waste water,  Twelfth Edition,




1965, prepared and published jointly by American Public Health Association,




American Water Works Association, Water Pollution Control Federation.

-------
                               BENEFICIAL
USES  TO
  Appendix 2
BE  PROT.ECTED
\
Bear River, Cub River, Worm Creek, and
Malad River
Bear Lake
Henry's Fork and North Fork Teton River
Snake River:
Wyoming Border to American Falls Re?ervcir
American Falls P.eservoir to Hagerman
Hagerman to Hells Catiyon Dam
Hells Canyon Dam to Lewis tc-n
Raft River, Goose Creek, Salmon Falls Creek,
JarbrJdge River, Eruneau River
Palouss River
Pend Oreille River, Pend Oreille Lake, Priest
Lake, Coeur d'Alene Lake
Kootenai River, Clark Fork River, Moyie
River, Priest River
Spokane River, Coeur d'Alene River above
Enaville (4)
Domestic
Water
Supply
X(l)
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Industrial
Water
Supply
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Irrigation
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Livestock
Watering
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
Salmon id
Fish
Spa vm ing
X(5)
X
X
X


X(3)
X
X{5)
X
X
X(5)
Salmon id
Fish
Rearing
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Other Fishing &
Acquatic Life
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Hunting fie
Wildlife
X
X
X
X
X
' X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Water
Skiing and
Swimming
X(2)
X
xm
xi2L.
X-'2)
U_*i2U
X
X(2)
X
X
X
X
Pleasure
Seating
•
X(2)
X
_XilL_
_xi?; .
X!T-
X^2'?
X
JLL2.''

X
X

Aesthetic
Qualities
X
X
X
i£
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
(1)   Domestic water supply for Bear River

(2)   Water skiing and pleasure boating on reservoir portions of stream

(3)   Anadromous fish passage use as well

(4)   Determination of uses of Coeur d'Alene River below Enaville will be
     done when construction of domestic and mine waste treatment facilities
     has been completed, or not later than July 1, 1969
(5)   Upper reaches of stream

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         APPENDIX B
IDAHO WATER QUALITY STANDARDS




     FOR ALL STATE WATERS









       SEPTEMBER 1968

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                           RULES AND REGULATIONS




                                    FOR




             THE ESTABLISHMENT OF STANDARDS OF WATER QUALITY




AND FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR WATERS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO
                        IDAHO STATE BOARD OF HEALTH




                              September 1968

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                                                                             B-l
                              RULES AND REGULATIONS
           FOR  THE ESTABLISHMENT OF STANDARDS OF WATER QUALITY AND FOR
    • WASTE i-ATER TREATMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR WATERS OF THE STATE OF IDAHO


LEGAL AUTHORITY

     The Idaho State Board of Health, pursuant to the authority granted  in Title
39, Chapter  1, Idaho Code, sections 39-105 and 39-112, did adopt the following
Rules and  Regulations for the Establishment of Standards of Water Quality and
for Waste  Water Treatment Requirements for Waters of the State of Idaho  while
in regular quarterly session on August 15, 1968, at Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, and
did determine  the effective date to be September 4, 1968.

PREAMBLE

     It shall be the policy of the State Board of Health to provide for  an orderly
and economically feasible comprehensive water pollution control program,  which
program shall be administered to conserve the waters of the State for all legiti-
mate beneficial uses, including uses for domestic purposes, agriculture,  industry,
recreation, and fish and wildlife propagation.

     The Board recognizes that the control of water pollution involves many
factors, including multiple water uses, economic considerations and overall  bene-
fits to the citizens of the State.  It shall be the policy of the Board  to carry
out such a program on a cooperative voluntary and educational basis insofar  as
such a policy is compatible v.'ith statutory duties of the Board.

     The Departcent of Health shall, on the basis of necessary technical studies,
determine waste treatment needs throujhout the State and shall establish recommended
time tables for the provision of such treatment facilities as will be necessary to
abate pollution of the waters of the State.

     These regulations are intended to be in harmony with existing interstate
stream regulations and as an administrative guide for the continuation and sup-
plementation of the program previously carried out by the Board.  The regulations
are general in nature and are intended for use until such time as the staff  of  the
Departtuint of Health may be able to gather sufficient data to determine  more
precise quality standards for such individual streaus as uses may indicate and
until such time as the staff of the Department develops the capability of initiating
a permit system as provided in the Idaho statutes.

     For these reasons, paragraph 3A should be considered as the basic working
arrangement of the water pollution control program which provides, in effect,
special consideration for each and every waste source on the basis of special
problems peculiar to that source.

DEFINITIONS

     The following definitions shall apply to the interpretation and the enforce-
ment of these regulations:

     "Sewage" acans the water-carried hui^an or animal waste from residences,
buildings, industrial establishments or other places together with such  ground

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                                                                           B-2


 water  infiltration and surface water as inay be present.  The admixture with sewage
 as above  defined of industrial wastes or wastes, as defined in the following
 paragraphs  2 and 3, shall also be considered "sewage."

     "Industrial waste" means any liquid, gaseous, radioactive or solid waste
 substance or a combination thereof resulting from any process of industry,  manu-
 facturing,  trade or business, or from the development or recovery of any natural
 resources.

     "Wastes" means sewage, industrial wastes, and all other liquid, gaseous,
 solid, radioactive or other substances which will or rcay cause pollution or tend
 to cause pollution of the public waters of the State.

     "Pollution" means such contamination or other alteration of the physical,
 chemical or biological properties of the public waters of the State, including
 change in temperature, taste, color, turbidity or odor of the waters, or such
 discharge of any liquid,  gaseous, solid, radioactive or other substance into the
 waters of the State which either by itself or in connection with any other  sub-
 stance present, will or. can.reasonably be expected to create a public nuisance  or
 render such waters haraful, detrimental or injurious to public health, safety,  or
 welfare, or to domestic,  commercial, industrial, agricultural, recreational,  or
 other legitiu^te uses or to livestock, wildlife, fish or other aquatic life or  the
 habitat thereof.

     "Standard" or "standards" means such measure of quality or purity in relation
 to their reasonable and necessary use as rcay be established by the State ficard  of
Health.

 1.   WATER RIGHTS

     It shall be the policy of the State Board of Health that the adoption  of
     water quality standards  and regulations and the enforceiaent of such standards
     and regulations is not intended to conflict with the apportionment of  water
     to the State of Idaho, to any of the interstate compacts or court decrees, or
     to interfere with the rights of Idaho appropriators in the utilization of
     water rights.

 2.   HIGHEST AND BEST PRACTICABLE TREATMENT AND CONTROL REQUIRED

     Notwithstanding the wate-r quality standards contained herein, where a  higher
     standard can be achieved, the highest and best practicable treatment and/or
     control of wastes, activities and flows shall be provided so as to maintain
     dissolved oxygen at the  highest desirable levels and overall water quality as
     good as practicable,  and water temperatures, coliform bacteria - concentrations,
     dissolved chemical substances, toxic rjaterialc, radioactivity, turbidities,
     color, odor and other deleterious factors at the lowest desirable levels.

 3.   RESTRICTIONS ON TOE DISCHARGE OF SEWAGE AND INDUSTRIAL WASTES AND HUMAN
     ACTIVITIES WHICH AFFECT  WATER QUALITY IN THE WATERS OF THE STATE

     A.   No wastes shall be  discharged and no activities shall be conducted in
          such a way that said wastes or activities either alone or in ccicbinatipn

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                                                                             B-3
          vith other wastes or activities will violate or can reasonably be ex-
          pected to violate the water quality standards and/or regulations  con-
          tained herein.

     B.   It is noted that from time to time certain short-term activities  which
          are deemed necessary to accommodate essential activities and protect the
          public interest may be specially authorized by the Department of  Health
          under such conditions as the Department  of Health cay prescribe even
          though such activities may result in a reduction of water quality con-
        • ditions below those criteria and classifications established by this
          regulation.

4.   MAINTENANCE OF STANDARDS OP QUALITY

     A.   The degree of sewage or waste treatment required to restore and/or
          maintain the standards of quality and/or maintain existing quality shall
          be determined in each instance by the State Board of Health and shall be
          based upon-the following:    ......

          (1)  The uses which are or may likely be made of the receiving stream.

          (2)  The size and nature of flow of the receiving stream.

          (3)  The quantity and quality of the sewage or wastes to be treated.

          (4)  The presence or absence of other sources of pollution on the same
               watershed.

     B.   For purposes of enforcement of these standards and regulations, sampling
          will be done at a point where these standards and/or regulations  can be
          evaluated, except for areas immediately adjacent to outfalls.  Cognizance
          will be given to the opportunity for admixture of waste  effluents with
          receiving waters, where such admixing is planned and-carried out  in a
          manner that will provide minimum degradation to receiving waters.

5.   GENERAL WATER QUALITY STANDARDS FOR WATERS OF THE STATE

     The following general water quality standards will apply to waters of  the
     State,  both surface and underground, in addition to the water quality  stand-
     ards set forth on specifically identified waters.  Waters of  the State shall
     not contain:

     A.   Toxic chemicals of other than natural origin in concentrations found to
         •be of public health significance or to adversely affect  the use indicated.
          (Guides such as the Water Quality Criteria, published by the State of
          California Water Quality Control Board (Second Edition,  1963) will be
          used in evaluating the tolerances of the various toxic chemicals  for
          the use indicated.)

     B.   Deleterious substances of other than natural origin in concentrations
          that cause tainting of edible species or tastes and odors to be imparted
          to drinking water supplies.

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                                                                             B-4

     C.   Radioactive materials or radioactivity in water which exceed (1) l/30th
          of  the MPC values given in Column 2, Table I, Appendix A, Part C, Rules
          and Regulations for the Control o_f Radiation in the State of Idaho,
          (2) exceeds concentration limits of the Idaho Drinking; Water Standards
          for waters used for, or likely to be used for, domestic supplies,
          (3) results in accumulations of radioactivity in edible plants and
          animals that present a hazard to consumers, and/or (4)  is harmful to
          aquatic life.

     D.   Floating or submerged matter not attributable to natural causes.

     E.   Excess nutrients of other than natural origin that cause visible slime
          growths or other nuisance aquatic growths.

     F.   Visible concentrations of oil, sludge deposits, scum, foam or other
          wastes that may adversely affect the use indicated.

     G.   Objectionable turbidity which can be traced to a point source or sources.

     ON THE BASIS OF THE PRECEDING GENERAL WATEil QUALITY STANDARDS, THE FOLLOWING
NUMERICAL STANDARDS, WHERE APPLICABLE,' SHALL BE APPLIED, EXCEPT WHERE DIFFERENCES
OCCUR BETWEEN NUMERICAL STANDARDS CONTAINED HEREIN AND THOSE PREVIOUSLY ADOPTED
FOR SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIED INTERSTATE STREAMS.  IN SUCH CASES, STANDARDS FOR
INTERSTATE STREAMS SHALL APPLY.

6.   NO WASTES SHALL BE DISCHARGED AND NO ACTIVITIES SHALL BE CONDUCTED WHICH
     EITHER ALONE OR IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER WASTES OR ACTIVITIES WILL CAUSE IN
     THESE WATERS:

     A.  Organisms of the Colifona Group where Associated with Fecal Sources

          (MPN, equivalent MF or appropriate test using a representative nunber of
          samples.)   Average concentrations of coliform bacteria to exceed 1,000
          per 100 nilliliters, with 20 percent of samples not to exceed 2,400 per
          100 nilliliters.

     B.   Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

          DO to be less than 75 percent of saturation at seasonal low or less than
          100 percent saturation in spawning areas during spawning, hatching, and
          fry stages of salmonid fishes.

     C.  . Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH)

          pH values to be outside the range of 6.5 and 9.0.  Induced variation not
          to be more than 0.5 pH unit.

     D.   Temperature

          Any measurable increases when stream, temperatures are 68° F. or above,
          or more than 2  F. increase when strcau temperatures are 66° F. or less.

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                                                                        B-5
     E.   Turbidity

          Turbidity, other than of natural origin,  to  exceed  10 Jackson Turbidity
          Units (JTU) .   (This turbidity requirement shall not be deemed to rigidly
          apply to streams,  drain ditches, etc.,  receiving  irrigation return  flow.
          However, every reasonable effort should be made to prevent excessive
          turbidity from such wastes.)

     IN ADDITION TO THE GENERAL STANDARDS  CONTAINED HEREIN, THE FOLLOWING NUKESICAL
STANDARDS SHALL APPLY TO THOSE WATERS  OF THE  STATE  WHICH ARE PRESENTLY yPSTRFAM
FROM EXISTING SIGNIFICANT WASTE SOURCES AND TO ALL  LAKES AND RESERVOIRS "USED
PRIMARILY FOR RECREATION,  DRINKING HATER SUPPLIES,  FISH AND WILDLIFE PROPOGATION
AND/OR AESTHETIC PURPOSES.

7.   NO WASTES SHALL BE DISCHARGED AND  NO  ACTIVITY  SHALL BE CONDUCTED WHICH ALONE
     OR IN COMBINATION  WITH  OTHER WASTES WILL CAUSE IN THESE WATERS:

     A.  Organisms of the Coliforia Group

          Average concentration of coliform bacteria to exceed 240 per 100 milli-
          liters with 20 percent of the samples not to exceed 1,000 per 100
          milliliters and fecal coliform not  to exceed 50 per 100 milliliters with
          20 percent of the  samples not to e::ceed 200  per 100 milliliters.

     B.   Dissolved Oxygen (DO)

          DO to be less than 75 percent of saturation  at seasonal low or less than
          100 percent saturation in spawning  areas  during spawning, hatching, and
          fry stages of salmonid fishes.

     C.   Hydrogen Ion  Concentration (pH)

          pH values to  be outside the range of 6.5  to  9.0.  Induced variation not
          to be more than 0.5 pH unit.

     D.   Tempera ture

          Any measurable increase when  stream temperatures are 36° F. or above, or
          more than 2°  F.  Increase when stream temperatures are 64° F. or less.

     E.   Turbidity

          Turbidity, other than of natural origin,  to  exceed 5 Jackson Turbidity .
          Units (JTU) .

     F.   Phosphorus or Nitrogen Compounds

          Measurable concentration of phosphorus  or nitrogen compounds above those
          of natural origin.

8.   REGULATIONS GOVERNING WASTE DISCHARGES

     A.   Any person or persons,  corporation, officers of any municipality, sewer
          district or association which owns  or operates any facility or carries

-------
                                                                     B-6
     ouC any operation which results in the discharge  of waste water shall
     furnish to the Department of Health such information  concerning quality
     and quantity of discharged waste waters and maintain  such treatment
     records as the Department may reasonably require  to evaluate  the effects
     on any receiving waters.

B.   For the purposes of these regulations,  minimum adequate  treatment  for
     domestic sewage or industrial wastes  containing significant organic
    - material shall be equal to that tfhich is commonly known as secondary
     treatment or the equivalent of 55 percent renoval of  the biochemical
     oxygen demand including adequate disinfection of  any  wastes which may
     contain organisms that may produce disease in can or  animals.  In   	
     industrial processes,  in-plant process  controls or alterations, carried
     out for the prieary purpose of waste  reduction, shall be considered as
    .a part of the treatment process.  Exceptions to secondary treatment re-  •
     quireuents may be cade by the Department of Health when  it can be
     demonstrated that such exceptions will  not adversely  affect classified
     water quality and will offer adequate protection  for  all beneficial uses.
     Failure to provide-.adequate treatment shall be considered a violation
     of these regulations.

C.   Any person, persons, corporation or officials of  a municipality or sewer
     district who owns or operates any seuaje or other water-borne waste
     treatment facility shall  at all tiues operate such facility under
     reasonably competent supervision and  with the highest efficiency that
     can reasonably bs expected and *h«]l  maintain such facility in good
     repair.

D.   In cases of subsurface sewage or waste  disposal,  such disposal facilities
     shall be so located that  such sources of pollution including bacterio-
     logical,  organic or inorganic nutrient  pollution  v;ill not or will not be
     likely to enter adjacent  waters.  In  no case shall any portion of such
     disposal systeu be located closer than  50 feet horizontally from the
     edge of any v;ater course,  including lakes or reservoirs, as deternined
     from the known highest water level of such water  course, lake or reser-
     voir.  Improperly or inadequately treated sewage  shall not be allowed
     to accumulate on the ground surface in  such a manner  that it cay create
     a health hazard.

E.   It shall be a violation of these regulations to store, dispose of, or
     ellovi to accumulate any deleterious material adjacent to or in the
     immediate vicinity of  any portions of the waters  of the State in such
     a manner that such caterial will or is  li'.;ely to  enter the stream at
     times of hif,h water or runoff or uhere  drainage from  such uatarials or
     accidental failure of  storage facilities cay transport or allow dele-
     terious material into  the water course.   Such materials shall include,
     but not be limited to, trash,  rubbish,  garbage, oil,  gasoline, chemicals,
     sawdust and accumulations of uanure.

F.    In case of accidental  spills of deleterious materials, persons in
     responsible charge shall  make every reasonable effort to contain spilled
     material in such a tranner that it will  not contaminate or pollute any
     waters of the State, and  shall immediately notify the Department of
     Health of any such spills.

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                                                                           B-7
     G.  Sewage sludge or solid material which may contain disease-producing
          organisms, when applied to lawns, root crop fields or fields  producing
          foods which may be consumed raw, or otherwise used in such a  manner
          Chat exposure to persons may be a health hazard, shall be  heated  to
          135° F. or higher for a period of one hour or any equivalent  combination
          of time and temperature approved by the Department of Health  before  such
          use.

     B.  'Waste discharges to underground waters shall receive,  prior to  discharge
          of such wastes,  such treatment as is necessary to render them equal  in
          quality to existing underground waters or such treatment as is  necessary
          to bring such discharge into conformance with the Idaho Drinking  Water
          Standards.  The  provisions of Paragraph 8H will  not be considered as
          strictly applicable to the existing sink wells used exclusively for
          Irrigation waste water disposal where -such disposal does not  adversely
          affect domestic  water sources.  However, it should be  recognized  that
          the long-term preservation of Idaho's vast underground water  resources
          is of great importance and that every reasonable effort should  be made
          to reduce pollution from this source and that a  long-term  research and
          development program should be established that will lead to the total
          elimination of disposal wells that directly affect underground  aquifers
          that are not subject to adequate filtration and  percolation to  eliminate
          significant pollution.

          Further, this paragraph shall not be construed to preclude the  use of
          deep disposal wells which may be constructed to  discharge  into  under-
          ground water strata whose quality is such that it is not likely to be
          used for other beneficial purposes,  provided necessary precautions
          are taken to prevent contamination of usable aquifers.

     I.   Sewage Treatment Design Standards and Subsurface Sewage Disposal
          Standards, as adopted by the Idaho Department of Health, shall  be re-
          vised from tine  to time and shall be used as a guide  in the review of
          plans and specifications for waste treatment facilities as required
          by Section 39-112,  Idaho Code.

     Regulations relating  to Water Pollution Control adopted by  the  Idaho State
Board of Health May 11,  1959,  are hereby rescinded.

     These Regulations shall be in full force and effect on and  after September 4,
1968.

     Section 39-112, Par.  E  —All plans and specifications for the construction
of new sewage systems,  sewage treatment or disposal  plants or systems,  or other
waste treatment,  or disposal  facilities,  or for improvement or extensions to
existing sewerage systems  or  sewage treatment or disposal  plants, shall be  sub-
mitted to and be approved  by the board,  before construction thereof .may begin.

-------
 APPENDIX C
STUDY METHODS

-------
                                                                   C-l
                            STUDY METHODS






WASTE SOURCE EVALUATIONS




     One municipal and six industrial waste sources were investigated.




Information was obtained on water pollution control practices at each




plant through in-plant surveys, review of Refuse Act Permit applications




and plant officials.




     Influent samples of the Twin Falls Wastewater Treatment Plant were




collected upstream of the point of supernatant return.  Effluent samples




were collected upstream of chlorination.  All samples were collected with




automatic samplers (SERCO) and flow composited according to instantaneous




flow readings obtained near the point of collection.




     Effluent samples from Amalgamated Sugar Company, Independent Meat




Company and Idaho Frozen Foods were collected with automatic samplers




and time composited.  Water samples were collected manually from effluents




of Ready to Pour Concrete; Colonial Concrete, Incorporated; and Frame




Trout Farm.




     Samples for chemical analyses were collected in clean, unused con-




tainers; those for bacteriological analyses were collected in sterile




glass containers.  The dissolved oxygen samples were collected in 300 ml




bottles using a Sargent sampler.




     Field measurements of pH, temperature, conductivity and chlorine




residual (Twin Falls Wastewater Treatment Plant effluent only) were made




periodically.  Samples were delivered to the NFIC-D temporary laboratory

-------
                                                                   C-2
(Twin Falls, Idaho) and analyzed for selected parameters (e.g., BOD

alkalinity, DO, and settleable solids).  Appropriate aliquots were pre-

served and shipped to the NFIC Laboratory, Denver, Colorado, and analyzed

for TOG, COD, heavy metals, oil and grease, and suspended solids.

     Grab samples of the municipal and industrial effluents were analyzed

for total coliform, fecal coliform and fecal streptococcus by Region X

(EPA) Mobile Laboratory in Twin Falls, Idaho.

     Bacteriological analyses for total and fecal coliform and for strep-
                                                                   *
tococcus were performed according to the accepted, standard method,  using

the membrane filter technique.

     The BOD and DO tests were determined, according to the accepted
                   *
standard procedure,  using the azide modification of the Winkler Method.

     All other laboratory analyses and field measurements used were
                                                          ** ,
conducted in accordance with accepted standard techniques.


STREAM SURVEYS

     The stream surveys were conducted from November 12 to 16, 1971.

Eleven stations [Table 4] were sampled.  Sampling for chemical and

bacteriological analyses was carried out for five days.  The time of

sampling at each station was varied to obtain the maximum time spread.

     Sampling and analytical procedures were the same as described in

the previous section.  Stream flow measurements were made at selected

stations.
*   Standard Methods for the ExanrLna.ti.an of Water and Wasteioater, 13th
    Edition, Americal Public Health Association, New York, NY, 1971.
**  Methods for Chemical Analyses of Water and Wastes^ Environmental
    Protection Agency, National Environmental Research Center, Analy-
    tical Quality Control Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1971.

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           APPENDIX D


      EFFLUENT GUIDELINES
               FOR
INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER DISCHARGES

-------
                        EFFLUENT GUIDELINES
                                 FOR
                  INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER DISCHARGES
     The proposed guidelines for those industries evaluated are sum-

marized below.


Amalgamated Sugar Company, Box 127, Twin Falls, Idaho  83301

     1.  The BOD. discharges shall not exceed 0.5 Ib/ton of beets sliced.

     2.  Suspended solids discharge shall not exceed 0.5 Ib/ton of beets

sliced.

     3.  The pH shall be between 6.0 and 8.5.

     4.  No toxic or hazardous naterial, as designated under the provisions

of Section 307 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act as amended, or

known to be hazardous to toxic by the permittee, shall be discharged

except with the approval of the Administrator (EPA) or his designee.

     5.  The number of total coliform bacteria not exceed 1,000 per 100 ml

in the effluent.

     6.  No discharge which may cause toxic or hazardous conditions or

accelerate eutrophication in the receiving water, shall be discharged

except with the approval of the Administrator (EPA) or his designee.


Colonial Concrete, Incorporated. P.O. Box 1151, Twin Fal Is, Idaho  83301

     1.  The effluent discharged to Rock'Creek shall not contain more than

20 mg/1 each of suspended solids, and COD.

     2.  Maximum recycling of water is recommended.

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Idaho Frozen Foods, Incorporated, P.O. Box FF, Twin Falls, Idaho  83301




     1.  The BOD discharged shall not exceed 1.0 Ib/ton of potatoes




processed.




     2.  The total suspended solids discharged shall not exceed 1.4 Ib/ton




of potatoes processed.




     3.  The oil and grease discharged shall not exceed 10 rag/1 or




125 Ib/day, whichever is less.




     4.  The pH shall be between 6.0 and 8.5.




     5.  The number of total coliform bacteria shall not exceed




1,000/100 ml in the effluent.






Independent Meat Company, Box EE, Twin Fall, Idaho 83301




     1.  The BOD shall not exceed 0.26 lb/1,000 Ib of LWK.




     2.  The total suspended solids discharged shall not exceed




0.35 lb/1,000 Ib of LWK.




     3.  The grease discharged shall not exceed 10 mg/1.




     4.  The number of total coliform bacteria shall not exceed




1,000/100 ml in the effluent.




     5.  The ammonia discharge shall not exceed 0.024 lb/1,000 Ib of LWK.




     6.  The pH shall be between 6.0 and 8.5.






Ready to Pour_Concrete, P.O. Box 274, Twin Falls, Idaho  83301




     1.  The effluent discharged to Rock Creek shall not contain more than




20 mg/1 each of suspended solids, and COD.




     2.  Maximum recycling of water is recommended.

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Trout Farm and Hatcheries



     Provisions shall be made for removal and disposal of solid materials




dislodged during the cleaning of raceways, to insure that these materials




do not enter the receiving waters.

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        APPENDIX E
     STATUS REPORT ON




SECONDARY SEWAGE TREATMENT

-------
Additional Information
                                                           071  OYC  2  000029
                                 STATUS  REPORT

                                          on

                     SECONDARY  SEWAGE  TREATMENT

                                         *  *   *
             The City of Twin Falls has completed and submitted to the State of
             Idaho Department of Health a Preliminary Reconnaissance Report
             on Secondary Sewage Treatment.

             Detailed tetio have been run to determine the loads and are nearing
             completion.  Our consultant  engineer. Cornell. Hov/land,  Hayes &
             Merryfield, has indicated that the final engineering report will be
             .completed by August  1, 1971.

             We have submitted an Application for Funds to the State of Idaho
             Department of Health.  We still intend to meet the time table estab-
             lished by the Idaho Department of Health.
                 t                 -                   .
             Industrieo that will be included in the Twin Falls system to date are
             as follows:

                               1.    Young's Dairy
                               2.    Swift & Company
                               3.    Idaho Frozen Foods
                               4.    Bertie's  Poultry
                               5.    Independent Meat  .
                               6.    Kellwood Company
                                               "^g^ ^-lZ*?-*>~-"V ^^s-^- -
-------
                                       /  Perrine Memorial Bridge
           Perrine Coulee Falls
             PoleHYne Road
                           TWIN FALLS
                         Addison St.
Hiway 30/93
       South/Park Ave
                                                                     3700 North Road
     3400 North Road
                                                                                        -N-
                                                                                      LEGEND              MAP KEY
                                                                                    •    RIVER STATIONS        SEE TABLE 4
                                                                                    •    MUNICIPAL EFFLUENT     SEE TABLE 1
                                                                                    A    INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS   SEE TABLE 1
                                                                                                 SCALE IN MILES
Figure 2  Sampling Locations-Snake River, Twin  Falls, Idaho.  (November  1971)

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