APTD4513
December 1972
               CHARACTERIZATION
    AND  CONTROL OF EMISSIONS
      FROM  HEAVY DUTY DIESEL
           AND  GASOLINE FUELED
                            ENGINES
     U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
        Office of Air and Waste Management
     Office of Mobile Source Air Pollution Control
        Emission Control Technology Division
           Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105

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Description and code identification- of engines
Engine code
number
Engine manufacturer
Engine
model
Engine type
DIESEL ENGINES
16
Jll
J18
/19
J 20
Caterpillar Tractor Company
Caterpillar Tractor Company ( **-£

General Motors Corp.,
Detroit Diesel Allison Div»
Mack Truck, Inc.
International Harvester Company
Mack Trucks, Inc.
Cummins Engine Company
1 1.6.0 	
167-,p 	
J. \j r ^£i*
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This report is issued by the Environmental Protection Agency to report
technical data of interest to a limited number of readers. Copies are
available free of charge to Federal employees, current contractors and
grantees, and nonprofit organizations - as supplies permit - from the Air
Pollution Technical Information Center, Environmental Protection Agency,
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; for a fee, from the National
Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia
22151.
This report was furnished to the Environmental Protection Agency by
Fuels Combustion Research Group, in fulfillment of Interagency Agreement
No. EPA-IAG-0129CD).  The contents of this report are reproduced herein
as received from Fuels Combustion Research Group.  The opinions, findings,
and conclusions expressed are those of the author and not necessarily those
of the Environmental Protection Agency.  Mention of company or product
names is not to be considered as an endorsement by the Environmental
Protection Agency.
                         Publication No. APTD-1513
                                     11

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                         TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES	      vi

LIST OF TABLES	    yiii

FOREWORD  	       1

SUBJECT 	       2

OBJECTIVE		       2

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS	       2

     Applicable to Diesel Engines 	       2

          Baseline Emissions for the Standard Engines ....       3

          Effectiveness of Emission Control Parameters  ...       3

          Comparison of Results from the 13-mode and 23-mode
             Procedures 	       4

          Odor and Aldehyde Emissions ..... 	       4

     Applicable to Gasoline Engines 	       5

          Baseline Emissions for the Standard Engines ....       5

          Effectiveness of Control Parameters 	       5

          Comparison Between 9-mode and 23-mode Procedures  .       6

DESCRIPTION OF TEST EQUIPMENT AND FUELS	       6

     Engines and Accessory Equipment  	       6

     Fuels	       7

     Dynamometer Equipment  	       8

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES 	       8

     Exhaust Sampling and Analysis  ...  	       8

     Smoke Measurements for Diesel Engines  	       9

     Odor Measurement for Diesel Engines  	      10


                                  iii

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                                                             Page

     Aldehyde Measurement .  .  .  .  *	    10

     Engine Cycle Procedures  	  11

     Experimental Design  	  .  12

EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS	14

     Applicable to Diesel Engines  	 '	  14

          Baseline Data	14

          Comparison Between 13- and 23-Mode Procedures ...  16

          Parameter Evaluation  	  17

          Effectiveness of Control Technology 	  20

     Applicable to Gasoline Engines 	  23

          Baseline Data	 ......'..  23

          Parametric Evaluation 	  24

          Effectiveness of Emission Control Parameters  ...  26

REFERENCES	28

Appendix A—Baseline data for heavy duty diesel engines
  with parameters adjusted to manufacturers' specifications
  (23-mode cycle) 	  69

Appendix B--Baseline data for heavy duty gasoline engines
  with parameters adjusted to manufacturers' specifications
  (23-mode cycle) 	  92

Appendix C—Baseline data for heavy duty gasoline engines
  with parameters adjusted to manufacturers' specifications
  (9-mode cycle)	103

Appendix D--Results from the investigation of the effect of
  engine and emission control parameters on exhaust emissions
  from heavy duty diesel engines (7-mode cycle)  	 120

Appendix E—Results from tests using combinations of
  parameters for reduced emissions for heavy duty diesel
  engines (23-mode cycle) 	 140
                                  IV

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                                                             Page

Appendix F--Results from tests using manifold air injection
  with heavy duty gasoline engines  (23-mode cycle) 	  169

Appendix G--Results from tests using a catalyst with heavy
  duty gasoline engines (23-mode cycle)  	  178

Appendix H--Results from tests using varied air-fuel ratio
  with heavy duty gasoline engines  (23-mode cycle)	183

Appendix I—Results from tests using exhaust gas recirculation
  (EGR) with heavy duty gasoline engines  (23-mode cycle).  .  .  199

Appendix J--Results from tests using varied ignition timing
  with heavy duty gasoline engines  (23-mode cycle)	200

Appendix K--Results from tests using combinations of parameters
  for reduced emissions from heavy  duty gasoline engines
  (23-mode cycle) 	  206

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 LIST OF FIGURES

 1.  Typical Exhaust Gas Recirculation System Used for  Diesel  Engine Tests.

 2.  Typical Aftercooling Setup Used in Diesel Engine Tests.-

 3.  Schematic of Exhaust Sampling and Analytical  System Used  in Diesel
     Engine Tests.

 4.  Emissions as a Function of Power Output  for Engine No.  15  (Baseline
     Tests).

 5.  Emissions as a Function of Power Output  for Engine No.  16 (Baseline
     Tests).

 6.  Emissions as a Function of Power Output  for Engine No.  17  (Baseline
     Tests).

 7.  Emissions as a Function of Power Output  for Engine No.  18 (Baseline
     Tests).

 8,  Emissions as a Function of Power Output  for Engine No.  19  (Baseline
     Tests).

 9.  Emissions as a Function of Power Output  for Engine No.  20 (Baseline
     Tests) .

10.  Emissions as a Function of Power Output  for Engine No.  21 (Baseline
     Tests).

11.  Comparison of Emission Between the 13-Mode and 23-Mode  Cycle
     Procedures (Data from Baseline and Combination of  Parameter Tests).

12.  Emissions, Smoke, and Fuel Consumption as a Function  of Injection
     Timing Retard (Composite Results from a  Simplified 7-Mode Cycle
     for Engine No. 15).

13.  Emissions, Smoke, and Fuel Consumption as a Function  of EGR  (Composite
     Results from a Simplified 7-Mode Cycle for Engine  No.  15).

14.  Emissions, Smoke, and Fuel Consumption as a Function  of Injection
     Timing Retard (Composite Results from a  Simplified 7-Mode Cycle
     for Engine No. 17 using Experimental Injectors).

15.  Emissions, Smoke, and Fuel Consumption as a Function  of Injection
     Timing Retard (Composite Results from a  Simplified 7-Mode Cycle
     for Engine No. 19).
                                     VI

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 LIST OF FIGURES (Cont'd)

16.  Emissions, Smoke,  and Fuel Consumption as  a  Function  of EGR  (Composite
     Results from a Simplified 7-Mode Cycle for Engine No.  19 with
     Standard Injection Timing).

17.  Emissions, Smoke,  and Fuel Consumption as  a  Function  of Aftercooling
     Temperature (Composite Results  from a  Simplified 7-Mode Cycle  for
     Engine No. 20 with Injection Timing Retarded 3.° from  Standard).

18.  Comparing Emissions from Baseline and  Combination of  Parameter Tests
     for Engine No. 15  (Emissions as a Function of Power Output).

19.  Comparing Emissions from Baseline and  Combination of  Parameter Tests
     for Engine No. 16  (Emissions as a Function of Power Output).

20.  Comparing Emissions from Baseline and  Combination of  Parameter Tests
     for Engine No. 17  (Emissions as a Function of Power Output),

21.  Comparing Emissions from Baseline and  Combination of  Parameter Tests
     for Engine No. 19  (Emissions as a Function of Power Output).

22.  Comparing Emissions from Baseline and  Combination of  Parameter Tests
     for Engine No. 20  (Emissions as a Function of Power Output).

23.  Comparing Emissions from Baseline and  Combination of  Parameter Tests
     for Engine No. 21  (Emissions as a Function of Power Output).

24.  The Effect of Air  Injection and Air-Fuel Ratio on Fuel Consumption
     (Engine No. 22, 23-Mode Procedure).

25.  The Effect of EGR  and Catalysts on Emissions and Fuel Consumption
     (Engine No. 22, 23-Mode Procedure).

26.  The Effect of EGR  and Catalysts on Emissions and Fuel Consumption
     (Engine No. 23, 23-Mode Procedure).

27.  The Effect of Basic Ignition Timing on Emissions and  Fuel  Consump-
     tion (Engine No. 23,  23-Mode Procedure).

28.  Comparing Emissions from Baseline and  Combinations of Parameter
     Tests for Engine No.  22 (Emissions as  a Function of Power  Output).

29.  Comparing Emissions from Baseline and  Combinations of Parameter
     Tests for Engine No.  23 (Emissions as  a Function of Power  Output).
                                   VI1

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. LIST OF .TABLES                                           ^

 1.  Baseline  emissions and fuel consumption for diesel engines used
     in the heavy  duty engine project  (averages include both initial
     and  final baseline values).

. 2.  Summary of results from engine No. 15 using a simplified 7-mode cycle.

 3.  The  effect of aftercooling on emissions and fuel consumption for
     selected  engine modes (engine No. 16).

 4.  The  effect of injection timing on emissions and fuel consumption
     for  selected  engine modes  (engine No. 16).

 5.  The  effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on emissions and
     fuel  consumption for selected engine modes (engine No.  16).

 6.  Summary of results from engine No. 17 using a simplified 7-mode cycle.

 7.  Summary of results from engine No. 19 using a simplified 7-mode cycle.

 8.  Summary of results from engine No. 20 using a simplified 7-mode cycle.

 9.  Summary of emissions and fuel consumption for baselines and
     combination of parameters tests for diesel engines.

10.  Summary of baseline emissions (23-mode cycle) and fuel  consumption
     for  gasoline  engines (also comparison of composite cycle emissions
     with  and  without a value for the  motored mode).

11.  Surrciary of baseline emissions (9-mode cycle) for gasoline engines
     (also comparison of composite cycle emissions with and  without a
     value for the motored mode).

12.  The  effect of emission control parameters on emissions  and specific
     fuel  consumption (23-mode cycle,  engine No. 22).

13.  The  effect of emission control parameters on emissions  and specific
     fuel  consumption (23-mode cycle,  engine No. 23).

14.  Summary of emissions and fuel consumption for baselines and com-
     bination  of parameter tests for gasoline engines.

A-l  Initial baseline test No. 1 for engine No. 15.

A-2  Initial baseline test No. 2 for engine No. 15.

A-3  Final baseline test for engine No. 15.

A-4  Initial baseline test No. 1 for engine No. 16.

A-5  Initial baseline test No.  2 for engine No. 16.

                                   viii

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LIST OF TABLES (Cdnt'd)
 A-6  Final baseline test for engine No.  16.
 A-7  Initial baseline test No.  1 for engine No.  17.
 A-8  Initial baseline test No.  2 for engine No.  17.
 A-9  Final baseline test No. 1  for engine No.  17.
A-10  Final baseline test No. 2  for engine No.  17.
A-ll  Initial baseline test No.  1 for Engine No.  18.
A-12  Initial baseline test No.  2 for engine No.  18.
A-13  Initial baseline test No.  3 for engine No.  18.
A-14  Initial baseline test No.  1 for engine No.  19.
A-15  Initial baseline test No.  2 for engine No.  19.
A-16  Final baseline test for engine No.  19.
A-17  Initial baseline test No.  1 for engine No.  20.
A-18  Initial baseline test No.  2 for engine No.  20.
A-19  Final baseline test for engine No.  20.
A-20  Initial baseline test No.  1 for engine No.  21.
A-21  Initial baseline test No.  2 for engine No.  21.
A-22  Final baseline test for engine No.  21.
 B-l  Initial baseline test No.  1 for engine No.  22.
 B-2  Initial baseline test No.  2 for engine No.  22.
 B-3  Initial baseline test No.  3 for engine No.  22.
 B-4  Final baseline test No.  1  for engine No.  22.
 B-5  Final baseline test No.  2  for engine No.  22.
 B-6  Initial baseline test No.  1 for engine No.  23.
 B-7  Initial baseline test No.  2 for engine No.  23.
 B-8  Initial baseline test No.  3 for engine No.  23.
                                  ix

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LIST OF TABLES (Contld)

 Br-9  Final baseline test No.  1 for engine No.  23.

B-10  Final baseline test No.  2 for engine No.  23.

 C-l  Initial baseline test No* 1 for engine No.  22 (9,-mode cycle).

 C-2  Initial baseline test No. 2 for engine No.  22 (9-mode cycle).

 C-3  Final baseline No. 1 for engine No.  22 (9-mode cycle).

 C-4  Final baseline No. 2 for engine No.  22 (9-mode cycle).

 C-5  Initial baseline No. 1 for engine No. 23  (9-mode cycle).

 C-6  Initial baseline No. 2 for engine No. 23  (9-mode cycle).

 C-7  Final baaeline No. 1 for engine No.  23 (9-mode cycle).

 C-8  Final baseline No. 2 for engine No.  23 (9-mode cycle),

 D-l  The effect of various engine parameters on  exhaust  emissions
      using a simplified 7-mode cycle.

 D-2  The effect of fuel injection characteristics  on exhaust
      emissions using a simplified 7-mode  cycle.

 D-3  The effect of injection  timing on exhaust emission  using
      a simplified 7-mode cycle.

 D-4  The effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)  and injection
      timing on exhaust emissions using a  simplified 7-mode cycle.

 D-5  The effect of injection  timing on exhaust emission  using  a
      simplified 7-mode cycle  (standard pump and  nozzles).

 D-6  The effect of aftercooling on exhaust emissions using a
      simplified 7—mode cycle.

 D-7  The effect of injection  timing on exhaust emission  using
      a simplified 7-mode cycle (special pump and nozzle  kit).

 E-l  Combination of parameters No. 1 for  engine  No. 15 —  std.  timing,
      10% EGR, and Engelhard catalyst (note EGR was cutoff  during modes
      10 and 13 of the cycle).

 E-2  Combination of parameters No. 2 for  engine  No. 15 —  timing re-
      tarded 3 degrees, 5% EGR, and Engelhard catalyst (note EGR was
      cutoff during modes 10 and 13 of the cycle).

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 LIST  OF  TABLES  (Cont'd)

  E-3   Combination  of parameters No. 3 for engine No. 15 — timing re-
       tarded  3  degrees, 10% EGR, and Engelhard catalyst (note EGR was
       cutoff  during modes. 1Q and 13 of the cycle).

  E-4   Combination  of parameters No. 3 (replicate of test in table E-3)
       for engine No. 15 — timing retarded 3 degrees, 10% EGR, and
       Engelhard catalyst (note EGR was cutoff during modes 10 and 13
       of the  cycle).

  E-5   Combination  of parameters No. 1 for engine No. 16 — std. timing,
       10% EGR,  and no aftercooling.

  E-6   Combination  of parameters No. 2 for engine No. 16 — std. timing,
       10% EGR,  and 150° .F aftercooling.

  E-7   Combination  of parameters No. 3 for engine No., 16 — timing re-
       tarded  5  degrees, 10% EGR, and no aftercooling.

  E-8   Combination  of parameters No., 4 for engine No. 16 — timing re-
       tarded  5  degrees, 10% EGR, and 150° F aftercooling.

  E-9   Combination  of parameters No. 4 (replicate of test in table E-8)
       for engine No.  16 — timing retarded 5 degrees, 10% EGR, and 150° F
       aftercooling.

E-10   Combination  of parameters No. 1 for engine No. 17 — std. timing
      with experimental injectors.

E-ll   Combination  of parameters No. 2 for engine No. 17 — timing re-
       tarded  3.4 degrees with experimental injectors.

E-12  Combination  of parameters No. 2 (replicate of test in table E-ll)
      for engine No.  17 '— timing retarded 3.4 degrees with experimental
      injectors.

E-13  Combination of parameters No. 1 for engine No. 19 — std. timing
      and 10% EGR  (note EGR was cutoff during modes 10 and 13 of the
      cycle).

E-14  Combination of parameters No. 2 for engine No. 19 — std. timing
      and 15% EGR  (note EGR was cutoff during modes 10 and 13 of the
      cycle).

E-15  Combination of  parameters No. 3 for engine No. 19 — timing re-
      tarded 2 degrees and 10% EGR (note EGR was cutoff during modes
      10 and 13 of the cycle).

E-16  Combination of  parameters No. 4 for engine No. 19 — timing re-
      tarded 2 degrees and 15% EGR (note EGR was cutoff during modes
      10 and 13 of the cycle).

                                  xi

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LIST OF TABLES (Cont'd)

E-17  Combination of parameters No. 5 for engine No. 19 — std.  timing
      and UOP catalyst.

E-18  Combination of parameters No. 6 for engine No. 19 — std.  timing
      with exhaus;t flow throttled to simulate the exhaust back-pressure
      of test in table E-17 (note no catalyst was used in this test).

E-19  Combination of parameters No. 7 for engine No. 19 — std.  timing,
      10% EGR, and UOP catalyst (note EGR was cutoff during modes 10
      and 13 of the cycle).

E-20  Combination of parameters No. 7 (replicate of test in table E-19)
      for engine No. 19 — std. timing, 10% EGR, and UOP catalyst (note
      EGR was cutoff during modes 10 and 13 of the cycle).

E—21  Combination of parameters No. 1 for engine No. 20 — timing re-
      tarded 3 degrees, special fuel pump and nozzle kit, and 200° F
      aftercooling.

E-22  Combination of parameters No. 2 for engine No. 20 — timing re-
      tarded 3 degrees, special fuel pump and nozzle kit, and 150° F
      aftercooling.

E-23  Combination of parameters No. 2 (replicate of test in table E-22)
      for engine No. 20 — timing retarded 3 degrees, special fuel pump
      and nozzle kit, and 150  F aftercooling.

E-24  Combination of parameters No. 3 for engine No. 20 — timing re-
      tarded 3 degrees, standard fuel pump and nozzles, and 150° F
      aftercooling.

E-25  Combination of parameters No. 1 for engine No. 21 — std.  timing
      turbocharger, and std. fuel pump.

E-26  Combination of parameters No. 2 for engine No. 21 — timing re-
      tarded 2 degrees, turbocharger,- and special fuel pump.

E-27  Combination of parameters No. 3 for engine No. 21 — timing re-
      tarded 2 degrees, turbocharger, and std. fuel pump.

E-28  Combination of parameters No. 3 (replicate of test in table E-27)
      for engine No. 21 — timing retarded 2 degrees, turbocharger,
      and std. fuel pump.

 F-l  Air injection for engine No. 22 (air pump/engine speed ratio =
      1.00).

 F-2  Air injection for engine No. 22 (air pump/engine speed ratio =
      1.25).

 F-3  Air injection for engine No. 22 (air pump/engine speed ratio =
      1.50).
                                    xii

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LIST OF TABLES (Cont'd)

 F-4  Air injection for engine No. 22 (air pump/engine speed ratio =
      1.75).

 F-5  Air injection for engine No. 22 (air pump/engine speed ratio =
      2.00).

 F-6  Air injection for engine No. 23 (air pump/engine speed ratio =
      2.0).

 F-7  Air injection for engine No. 23 (air pump/engine speed ratio =
      2.5).

 F-8  Air injection for engine No. 23 (air pump/engine speed ratio =
      3.0).

 G-l  UOP catalyst with air injection for engine No.  22 (air pump/engine
      speed ratio = 1.25).

 G-2  UOP catalyst with air injection (replicate of  test  in  table  G-l)
      for engine  No.  22 (air pump/engine  speed ratio  = 1.25).

 G-3  UOP catalyst with air injection for engine No.  23 (air pump/engine
      speed ratio = 2.5).

 G-4  UOP catalyst with air injection (replicate of  test  in  table  G-3)
      for engine  No.  23 (air pump/engine  speed ratio  = 2.5).

 ft-1  Air-fuel ratio  leaner than  standard for  engine  No.  22  (0.052
      carburetor  jets).

 H-2  Air-fuel ratio  leaner than  standard for  engine  No.  22  (0.054
      carburetor  jets).

 H-3  Air-fuel ratio  richer than  standard for  engine  No.  22  (0.058
      carburetor  jets).

 H-4  Air-fuel ratio  richer than  standard for  engine  No.  22  (0.060
      carburetor  jets).

 H-5  Air-fuel ratio  leaner than  standard for  engine  No.  23  (299
      carburetor  jets).

 H-6  Air-fuel ratio  richer than  standard for  engine  No.  23  (3Q9
      carburetor  jets).

 1-1  Standard adjustments  with 5% EGR fqr engine No.  22. (this,  engine
      used a vacuum modulated EGR valve and the 5% EGR ±& a  nominal
      value).
                                   Xlll

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LIST OF TABLES (Cont'd)

 1-2  Standard adjustments with 8% EGR for engine No.  22 (this  engine
      used a vacuum modulated EGR valve and the 8% EGR is a nominal
      value).

 1-3  Standard adjustments with 10% EGR for engine No.  22 (this engine
      used a vacuum modulated EGR valve and the 10% EGR is a nominal
      value).

 1-4  Standard adjustments with 12% EGR for engine'No.  22 (this engine
      used a vacuum modulated EGR valve and the 12% EGR is a nominal
      value).

 1-5  Standard adjustments with 15% EGR for engine No.  22 (this engine
      used a vacuum modulated EGR valve and the 15% EGR is a nominal
      value).

 1-6  Standard adjustments with 5% EGR for engine No.  23 (EGR was
      cutoff during modes 1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 13,  14, 21,  and 22).

 1-7  Standard adjustments with 5 to 7.5% EGR for engine No.  23 (EGR
      was cutoff during modes. 1, 2, 9, 10, 11,  13, 14,  21, and  22  of
      the cycle).

 1-8  Standard adjustments with 5 to 10% EGR for engine No.  23  (EGR
      was cutoff during modes 1, 2, 9, 10, 11,  13, 14,  21, and  22  of
      the cycle).

 1-9  Standard adjustments with 15% or maximum EGR for  engine No.  23
      (EGR was cutoff during modes 1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14,  21, and 22
      of the cycle).

 J-l  Modified vacuum advance unit No. 1 for engine No. 22.

 J-2  Modified vacuum advance unit No. 2 for engine No. 22.

 J-3  Ignition timing retarded 2.5 degrees for engine No.  23„

 J-4  Ignition timing retarded 5 degrees for engine No. 23.

 J-5  Ignition timing retarded 7.5 degrees for engine No.  23.

 K-l  Combination of parameters No. 1 for engine No. 22 — std. timing,
      air injection (air pump/engine speed ratio = 1.25),  air-fuel ratio
      leaner than standard (0.054 carb. jets),  15% EGR, and UOP catalysts,

 K-2  Combination of parameters No. 1 (replicate of test in table  K-l)
      for engine No. 22 — std. timing, air injection,  air-fuel ratio
      leaner than standard, 15% EGR, and UOP catalysts.
                                   xiv

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LIST OF TABLES  (Cont'd)

 K-3  Combination of parameters No. 2 for engine No. 22 — std. timing,
      air injection (air pump/engine speed ratio = 1.25), air-fuel ratio
      richer than standard  (0.058 carb. jets), 15% EGR, and UOP catalysts.

 K-4  Combination of parameters No. 2 (replicate of test in table K-3)
      for engine No. 22 —  std. timing, air injection, air-fuel ratio
      richer than standard, 15% EGR, and UOP catalysts.

 K-5  Combination of parameters No. 3 for engine No. 22 — std. timing,
      air injection (air pump/engine speed ratio = 1.25), standard air-
      fuel ratio, 15% EGR,  and UOP catalysts.

 K-6  Combination of parameters No. 3 (replicate of test in table K-5):
      for engine No. 22 --  std. timing, air injection, standard air-fuel
      ratio, 15% EGR, and UOP catalysts.                            '  '

 K-7  Combination of parameters No. 1 for engine No. 23 — timing re-
      tarded 5 degrees, air injection (air pump/engine speed ratio =  j
      2.5), standard air-fuel ratio, and 5 to 7.5% EGR.

 K-8  Combination of parameters No. 1 (replicate of test in table K-7)
      for engine No. 23 -.—  timing retarded 5 degrees, air injection,
      standard air-fuel ratio, and 5 to 7.5% EGR.

 K-9  Combination of parameters No. 2 for engine No. 23 — std. timing,
      air injection (air pump/engine speed ratio =2.5) standard air-fuel
      ratio, 5 to 7.5% EGR, and UOP catalysts.

K-10  Combination of parameters No. 2 (replicate of test in table K-9)
      for engine No. 23 — std. timing, air injection, standard air-fuel
      ratio, 5 to 7.5% EGR, and UOP catalysts.

K-ll  Combination of parameters No. 3 for engine No. 23 — timing re-
      tarded 5 degrees, air injection (air pump/engine speed ratio =
      2.5), standard air-fuel ratio, 5 to 7.5% EGR, and UOP catalysts.

K-12  Combination of parameters No. 3 (replicate of test in table K-ll)
      for engine No. 23 — timing retarded 5 degrees, air injection,
      standard air-fuel ratio, 5 to 7.5% EGR, and UOP catalysts.
                                   xv

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                             FOREWORD
This report presents a summary of work performed by the Fuels Combus-
tion Research Group, Bartlesville Energy Research Center,  Bureau of
Mines, for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),  Mobile Source
Pollution Control Program, Characterization and Control Development
Branch, Division of Emission Control Technology under  Interagency
agreement number EPA-IAG-0129 (D).

Dr. Jose L. Bascunana was Chief of the Highway Vehicles Section in EPA
and John J. McFadden was the Project Officer.   The program at Bartles-
ville was directed by R. W. Hurn, Research Supervisor; Dr.  R. D. Fleming,
Assistant Research Supervisor, was  responsible for the experimental
work.  Others who contributed to the experimental work were W.  F. Marshall,
Jr., as Project Leader for the diesel engine work, J.  R. Allsup as
Project Leader for the gasoline engine work, F. W. Penn, Mechanical
Engineer, and D. P. Hinman, P. E. Palmer, G. D. Garrison,  T. R. Owens,
G. E. Davis, E. J. Boettcher, C. C. Barnes, and L. R.  Wilson as Mechani-
cal Engineering Technicians.  J. M. Clingenpeel, Chemical, Engineer,
and R. E. Stevens, Mechanical Engineering Technician,  assisted in the
aldehyde measurements.

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        CHARACTERIZATION AND CONTROL OF EMISSIONS  FROM HEAVY
              DUTY DIESEL AND GASOLINE FUELED ENGINES
  I.   SUBJECT

      This report covers results from experimental work in measurement
      of emissions from heavy duty diesel and gasoline fueled engines
      and an investigation of the effectiveness of engine modifications
      and/or auxiliary devices for reducing emissions.

 II.   OBJECTIVE

      The objective af the study was to characterize emissions from some
      of the more prominent diesel and gasoline fueled heavy duty engines
      and to provide data to assess the effectiveness of emission control
      parameters, engine modifications, and auxiliary devices in control-
      ling emissions.

III.   SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

      Definitive engineering information was obtained on the characteris-
      tics of seven diesel and two gasoline engines:  the diesel engines
      were operated on a 13-mode procedure and a 23-mode procedure; the
      gasoline engines were operated on a 9-mode procedure and a 23-mode
      procedure for the baseline tests and the 23-mode procedure was used
      in the parametric study.

      In the case of diesel engines, the control parameters, engine modi-
      fication, and auxiliary devices investigated for emission control
      were:  injection timing; injector type; fuel pump and nozzle modi-
      fications; exhaust gas recirculation (EGR); aftercooling; turbo-
      charging; and oxidation type catalytic converters.

      In the case of the gasoline engines, the control parameters, engine
      modifications, and auxiliary devices studied were:  manifold air
      injection; air-fuel ratio; exhaust gas recirculation; spark timing
      schedules; and oxidation type catalytic converters.  The following
      were observed and conclusions..were drawn as follows:

      A.  Applicable to Diesel Engines

          The following observation and conclusions concerning emissions
          of carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and oxides of nitro-
          gen (NOx) as well as specific fuel consumption are based on
          composite results from the 23-mode procedure.  All references
          to smoke emission are .based on peak smoke (i..e.,  .the smoke
          value from the mode which produced the maximum smoke reading).

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1.  Baseline Emissions for the Standard Engines

    Carbon monoxide emissions from the seven engines ranged
    from a low of 1.1 g/bhp-hr to a high of 5.5 g/bhp-hr.
    The range of HC emissions was from 0.3 to 4.4 g/bhp-hr.
    The NOX emissions varied from 5.2 to 16.5 g/bhp-hr.

2.  Effectiveness of Emission Control Parameters

    A parametric study which involved the use of various emis-
    sion control parameters, engine modifications and/or aux-
    iliary control devices was conducted using one parameter
    at a time.  From the results of this study, certain com-
    binations of parameters were selected and further tests
    were conducted.  The following is based on the combina-
    tion of parameter tests.

    For two naturally aspirated diesel engines the combination
    of retarded injection timing and EGR resulted in about a
    50 pet reduction in NOX with about a 5 to 6 pet increase
    in brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc).  For this 50
    pet reduction in NOX, peak smoke increased from 15 to 18
    pet opacity for one engine and from 12 to 20 pet opacity
    for the other engine.

    A 50 pet reduction in NOX was achieved by use of modified
    injectors and retarded timing (engine 17) but peak smoke
    was increased from about 3 to 20 pet opacity while bsfc
    increased about 2 pet.

    Oxides of nitrogen from one turbocharged engine (engine
    16) was reduced about 50 pet by combining retarded in-
    jection timing, EGR, and aftercooling with about a 2 pet
    penalty in fuel consumption and peak smoke increased
    from 2 to 8 pet opacity.  About a 46 pet reduction in
    NOX from a second turbocharged engine (engine 20) was
    achieved by the use of retarded injection timing and
    aftercooling with a 1 pet increase in bsfc and no change
    in peak smoke.

    The use of catalytic converters on two of the engines was
    quite effective in reducing CO and HC emissions.  Conver-
    sion efficiencies for CO emissions were from 56 to 83 pet
    and for HC emissions from 36 to 85 pet.  These were fresh
    catalysts, however, and further testing would be necessary
    to evaluate conversion efficiencies for a long term period.

    Based on the 23-mode procedure and the test parameters used
    in this experimental program, one of the six engines used
    in the parametric study could meet 2 g/bhp-hr level in CO
    emissions without the use of emission control systems.  One
    other engine could meet a 2 g/bhp-hr level with the use of

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    catalytic converters (this however is based on fresh cata-
    lyst).  A third engine could meet a 2 g/bhp-hr limit on
    CO with turbocharging and the other three engines could
    meet a 4 g/bhp-hr level based on the best combination of
    parameters used in the test program.  All six engines
    could meet a 2 g/bhp-hr level on HC, but, two of the
    engines required the use of catalytic converters.  It ap-
    peared that one engine could meet a 3 g/bhp-hr level in
    NOX, two engines a 6 g/bhp-hr level, and the other three
    a 10 g/bhp-hr level. Exhaust  gas  recirculation as. a. control param-
    eter was not used in any of the three engines meeting the
    10 g/bhp-hr level.  The increase in fuel consumption for
    the engines to meet the above levels ranged from 2 to 6
    pet.  For four of the engines, peak smoke increased from
    3 to 17 pet opacity; one engine showed no significant
    change in peak smoke; and one engine showed that peak
    smoke was reduced by 8 pet opacity.

3.  Comparison of Results from the 13-Mode and 23-Mode Procedures

    Because of the significant difference in weighting factors
    between the 13-mode and 23-mode procedures, the composite
    cycle emissions can be significantly different 'between the
    two procedures.  For example, if an engine emits large
    quantities of CO at full power, the composite CO emissions
    for the 13-mode procedure will be greater than that for the
    23-mode procedure because the full power modes are weighted
    heavier for the 13-mode procedure than for the 23-mode pro-
    cedure.  This can also be the case for EGR cutoff at full
    power as was used for engines 15 and 19.

    The largest difference was found for CO emissions for engine
    17 where CO levels increased greatly at the full power modes.
    For this particular case, the CO values were from 135 to 173
    pet higher for the 13-mode procedure than for the 23-mode
    procedure.

    For the two engines where EGR cutoff was used at full power,
    the 13-mode NOX emissions were from 6 to 50 pet higher than
    the 23-mode NOX emissions.

    The composite HC values from the two procedures compared
    within ± 25 pet with the large deviations being associated
    with the tests where HC values were less than 1 g/bhp-hr.

    In general, the two procedures gave NOX emissions which
    agreed within ± 8 pet and in most cases the agreement was
    within 4 to 6 pet.

4.  Odor and Aldehyde Emissions

    Since odor and aldehyde measurements were taken using the
    13-mode procedure, the following is based on  the 13-mode
    results.

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        In general, the odor levels were not significantly affected
        by the emission control parameters except for engine 19
        where a catalyst was used.  In this case, odor intensity
        was reduced from 4.5 for the standard engine to 2.3 for the
        best combination of parameters which included a catalyst.

        Aldehyde emissions were reduced by the same control param-
        eters that reduced hydrocarbon.  The catalysts were quite
        effective in reducing aldehydes in the exhaust.

B.  Applicable to Gasoline Engines

    The following observations and conclusions are based on results
    obtained using the 23-mode procedure.

    1.  Baseline Emissions for Standard Engines

        Carbon monoxide emissions from the two engines were from
        33 to 41 g/bhp-hr.  Hydrocarbon levels were 2.3 to 2.8
        g/bhp-hr.  Note, however, the tests were run without the
        motored modes (due to the use of dynamometers with power
        absorption capability only).  It is estimated .that the
        HC emission would be on the order of 6 to 9 g/bhp-hr if
        the motored modes were included.  Oxides of nitrogen emis-
        sion for both engines was about 9.5 g/bhp-hr.

    2.  Effectiveness of Control Parameters

        The use of air injection alone resulted in about a 55 to
        60 pet reduction in CO and about a 47 to 56 pet reduction
        in HC emissions.  The use of combined air injection and
        oxidation (noble metal) catalysts resulted in about a 95
        pet reduction in both CO and HC emissions.  Note, however,
        this is with a fresh catalyst and does not account for any
        deterioration effect with mileage accumulation.  Using
        EGR combined with retarded spark timing, air-injection
        and oxidation catalyst, NOX reduction was about 40 to 60
        pet.  The loss of fuel economy based on the composite
        cycle average was from 6 to 8 pet.
                                                               t    ,
        Based on the 23-mode procedure (without closed-throttle modes)
        it appeared that CO levels could be reduced to about 2 to 3
        g/bhp-hr and NOX to about 5.5 to 6 g/bhp-hr.  To reach these
        levels of NOX, fuel consumption was increased from 5 to 8
        pet.  Due to the lack of data for the closed-throttle motored
        modes, it is difficult to draw any conclusions regarding the
        absolute level of HC emissions.  The closed-throttle modes
        could also have some effect on the absolute level of CO
        emission.

        Based on the 13-mode procedure, aldehydes were reduced by
        about 90 pet by the use of catalysts.

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         3.  Comparison Between the 9-Mode and 23-Mode Procedures

             Baseline tests were run using both the 9-mode and 23-mode
             procedures.

             Results indicate that the CO emission for engine 22 was
             about 40 pet higher for the 9-mode procedure than for the
             23*-mode procedure.  For engine 23, CO emission was about
             14 pet lower for the 9-mode procedure.

             Hydrocarbon emissions were 19 to 27 pet higher for the 9-
             mode procedure and NOX emission was from 4 to 6 pet higher
             for the 9-mode cycle when compared to the 23-mode procedure.

IV.  DESCRIPTION OF TEST EQUIPMENT AND FUELS

     A.  Engines and Accessory Equipment

         A total of nine engines were supplied by six manufacturers who
         cooperated in the program.  In addition, two catalyst manufac-
         turers furnished accessory hardware.

         Seven diesel engines ranging from medium to heavy duty were
         used to generate emissions data in the experimental program.
         The engines are coded and described as follows:

                   Combustion
          Engine    chamber    Duty                  Rated power
         code No.    type      class   Turbocharged  output, bhp

           15        open      medium       no          225
           16        divided   heavy        yes         245
           17        open      heavy        no          280
           18        open      heavy        yes         235
           19        open      medium       no          200
           20        open      heavy        yes         325
           21        open      heavy        no          260

         Two gasoline engines in the medium to heavy duty class were
         used in the program and are coded and described as follows:

              Engine                Rated power output
             code No.            [SAE-J245 Q)*]. bhp @ rpm

                22                     158 @ 4,000
                23                     150 @ 4,000

         Standard hardware was not available for the study of exhaust
         gas recirculation (EGR) or aftercooling parameters in  the
         diesel engine tests.  Therefore, it was necessary to install
         piping for EGR and aftercooling tests.  For the EGR tests, a

         *Underlined numbers in parentheses designate references at
          the end of the report.

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    4-inch flexible pipe was used to recycle exhaust gas from the
    exhaust to the intake airstreara.  A typical example of this
    setup is shown in figure 1.  Exhaust was taken upstream of the
    muffler, passed through a liquid/gas heat exchanger (cooling
    the exhaust to about 200° F), and then delivered to the air
    intake stream.  Control of the EGR flow-rate was accomplished
    by means of an adjustable butterfly valve in the 4-inch line.

    For the aftercooling tests, a laboratory aftercooler (liquid/
    gas heat exchanger) was provided by one of the engine manu-
    facturers.  The system was connected between the turbocharger
    and intake manifold as shown in figure 2.  Temperature of the
    air entering the intake manifold was controlled by adjusting
    the flow of coolant (tap water) through the aftercooler.

    For the gasoline engines, EGR was accomplished by using an
    intake manifold with EGR passages cast into the manifold.  EGR
    rate was controlled in engine No. 22 by means of an automatic
    vacuum controlled valve.  Different EGR rates could be obtained
    by changing the shape and/or size of the valve pintle.  Engine
    No. 23 used a similar manifold but EGR rate was controlled by
    a manually adjustable valve.  The valve was adjusted to the
    appropriate EGR rate for each individual mode of the cycle.

    The air injection systems used on the gasoline engines were
    the same systems that have been used on light duty passenger
    car engines.

    Catalytic converters were used in tests involving two diesel
    engines and the two gasoline engines.  For the diesel engines,
    a pair of Engelhard noble metal catalysts were used with engine
    No. 15 and a pair of Universal Oil Products (UOP) noble metal
    catalysts were used with engine No. 19.  For the two gasoline
    engines, a pair of UOP noble metal catalysts were used.  In
    each case the converters were sized for the particular engine.
    Also, the converters were mounted as close to the engine ex-
    haust manifold as possible.
B.  Fuels
    The diesel fuel used throughout the test program was obtained
    from a single source.  Periodic inspections of the diesel fuel
    have shown the fuel properties and composition to remain rela-
    tively constant.  A single batch of unleaded gasoline  (Indolene
    Motor Fuel HO Gasoline III*) was used for all tests involving
    the gasoline engines.  Inspection data for these fuels are  as
    follows:
    *Procured from American Oil Company.

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                                         Diesel fuel     Gasoline

        Gravity, °API  	     33.4             60.5
        Reid vapor pressure, psi  	       -              8.7
        Research octane number  	       -              97.7
        Cetane index  	     44  .
        Lead content,  g/gal  	      0               NIL
        Sulfur, wt pet 	      0.25
        Distillation
          Temp °F:
            IBP 	    351         •      94
            10 pet evaporated 	    430             138
            20  "      "      	....    460             166
            30  "      "      	    478             192
            50  "      "	    510             226
            70  "      "      	    542             250
            90  "      "      	    586             328
            End point         	    618             400
        Composition, vol pet, FIA:
          Saturates 	     61               67
          Olefins	      3               5
          Aromatics 	     36               28

    C.  Dynamometer Equipment

        All engine tests were conducted using eddy current dynamometers
        of the absorption type only.  The dynamometers ranged in size
        from 250 to 350 horsepower.  The lack of motoring capability
        in the dynamometer equipment necessitated the omission of
        closed-throttle motored modes in the test cycle used  for the
        determination  of gaseous emissions.  The omission of  motored
        modes in the diesel engine tests is probably unimportant be-
        cause  during motoring the emissions would be small because
        of fuel shut-off during the closed throttle operation.  The
        gasoline engine, however, would probably emit relatively large
        quantities of hydrocarbon during closed throttle motored modes
        and omitting this part of the cycle is a definite limitation
        in obtaining a representative composite hydrocarbon emission
        value.  The acceleration modes of the diesel Federal  Smoke Test
        were also omitted because of the inability of applying a repre-
        sentative load during the acceleration modes.

V.  EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES

    A.  Exhaust Sampling and Analysis

        Engine exhaust was sampled from both diesel and gasoline engines
        about 10 feet downstream of the exhaust manifold and  passed
        through a heated stainless steel line and delivered to instru-
        ments for continuous analysis.  A schematic of the sampling and
        analytical systems for the diesel engine tests is shown in figure
        3.  The system for the gasoline engine tests was similar except
        the heated line was maintained at 160° F and the hydrocarbon

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    analyzer was a pressure type system rather than a vacuum type
    as shown in figure 3.  In addition to the instruments shown,
    an oxygen analyzer was used in the gasoline engine tests.

    The analytical methods were:  carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
    (CC>2), and nitric oxide (NO) by noiidispersive infrared  (NDIR);
    total oxides of nitrogen by chemiluminescence; oxygen (Oo) by
    a polarographic instrument; and total hydrocarbon by flame
    ionization detection (FID).

    For some of the initial tests, a chemiluminescent analyzer
    was not available for the measurement of NOX and the NDIR
    and nondispersive ultraviolet (NDUV) analyzers were used for
    NOX.  For these initial tests where NDIR and NDUV instruments
    were used, it is noted on the tables of data.  For all  other
    tests, the chemiluminescent analyzer was used for NOX
    measurements.

B.  Smoke Measurements for Diesel Engines

    An EPA smokemeter of the type described in the Federal  Register
    (2) was used in all tests to measure smoke.  Smoke was  measured
    during steady-state modes of the engine cycles and a lugging
    mode of a modified Federal Smoke Test.  Due to limitations on
    the size of dynamometer equipment, it was impractical to run
    the complete Federal Smoke Test.  For this program, the test
    was modified to include only the lugging mode.  The lugging
    mode was essentially the same as that described in the  Federal
    Register (2) except each of the three lugging modes of  the test
    were preceded by 2 minutes of engine operation at full  load
    and rated speed to precondition the engine.  Also, due  to the
    dynamometer test cell configuration, it was impractical to
    maintain the exhaust line length between the engine exhaust
    manifold and the smokemeter within the  15 ± 5 feet as  speci-
    fied in the latest Federal Register (_5_).  The approximate
    distances between the exhaust manifold and the smokemeter in
    the actual exhaust system were as follows:

                                     Exhaust line length
    Engine          Muffler       between exhaust manifold
      No.            used           and smokemeter, feet

      15              yes                    22
      16              no                     23
      17              yes                    20
      18              no                     23
      19              yes                    22
      20        .     no                     20
      21              yes                    23

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                                                                 10
    The engines that were used without mufflers are turbocharged
    engines for which a silencing device is not specified by the
    engine manufacturer for use in the actual vehicle application.

C.  Odor Measurement for Diesel Engines

    Odor measurements were made using a human panel of six odor
    judges in accordance with the Turk method (3).

    Exhaust was sampled through a 1-inch stainless steel line,
    diluted with fresh air, and delivered to the odor panel.
    Typical flow rates were:  300 standard cubic feet per minute
    (SCFM) of air and 3 SCFM of exhaust.

    Exhaust sample flow was regulated by back pressure in the ex-
    haust system and using an appropriately sized orifice.  A
    dilution ratio of 100:1 was used for all engines except Nos.
    15 and 19, where a dilution ratio of 400:1 was used due to
    the high odor intensity levels.

D.  Aldehyde Measurement

    Samples for measurement for total aldehyde (RCHO) were col-
    lected using the scheme depicted in figure 3 and analyzed
    using the MBTH method  (4).

    Because of the prohibitive time required for the analysis,
    it was impractical to obtain samples for every mode of the
    test cycle.  Therefore, a method of sampling was devised to
    obtain a composite value for aldehydes corresponding to the
    13-mode cycle.

    In the case of naturally aspirated diesel engines, the pro-
    cedure was to collect a separate sample for each of the three
    idle modes of the cycle.  In addition, a single composite
    sample representing each speed was collected for each of
    the two speeds of the cycle.  For example, the intermediate
    speed sample contained equal volumes of sample from each of
    the intermediate speed modes of the 13-mode cycle.  Similarly,
    the sample for the rated speed contained equal volumes of
    sample from each of the 5 rated speed modes of the 13-mode
    cycle.  The results from the three idle modes were then
    averaged and weighted 20 pet.  The average results from each
    of the two composite samples (intermediate and rated speed
    cases) were then weighted 40 pet each.  This gives a value
    equivalent to taking samples from each of the modes for the
    intermediate and rated speeds and weighting each of them 8 pet.

    Samples for aldehyde measurements in the gasoline and turbo-
    charged diesel engine  tests were similar except the volume of
    sample from each mode for composite samples were varied in
    direct proportion to the exhaust flow-rate.  This was necessary

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11
       for the gasoline and turbocharged diesel  engines because  ex-
       haust flow-rate varies with  load at  a  given  speed, whereas
       for the naturally aspirated  diesel engines,  exhaust  flow-
       rate is relatively constant  for a given speed and  independent
       of loads.

   E.  Engine Cycle Procedures

       Four different engine cycles were used in the test program.
       A 23-mode procedure was used for the bulk of the gasoline
       engine work and most of the  work involving the  diesel  engines.
       A 9-mode procedure  (5) was used for  baseline tests involving
       the two gasoline engines.  A 13-mode procedure  (5) was also
       used in the diesel engine tests for  the purpose of measuring
       aldehydes and odor.  Composite values  for emissions  were  calcu-
       lated for the 13-mode procedure from data generated  in the 23-
       mode procedure.  This was possible because the  23-mode pro-
       cedure contained all of the  engine modes  that are  used in the
       13-mode procedure.  Because  the 23-mode and  13-mode  procedures
       consumed a large amount of test time,  it  was necessary to de-
       velop a simpler cycle to study a large number of emission con-
       trol parameters.  A simplified 7-mode  cycle  was used to study
       the effects of parameters on emissions in diesel engine tests.
       The simplified 7-mode cycle  was used to determine  the  combina-
       tions of parameters which yielded low  emissions.   The  23-mode
       procedure was then used to study those combinations  of param-
       eters that yielded lowest emissions.   The 23-mode  procedure
       is described as follows:
       Mode

         1
         2
         3
         4
         5
         6
         7
         8
         9
        10
        11
        12
        13
        14
        15
        16
        17
        18
        19
        20
        21
        22
        23
Engine
speed
idle
intermediate
it
ii
ii
ii
ii
ii
ii
ii
idle
intermediate
high
ii
it
it
ii
M
ii
ii
ti
idle
high
Percent
load
0
2
8
18
25
50
75
82
92
100
0
closed throttle
100
92
82
75
50
25
18
8
2
0
closed throttle
Weighting
factor, pet.
7.0
6.0
6.0
5.0
3.0
6.0
0
4.0
0
0
7.0
12.0
2.5
5.5
3.5
6.0
6.0
0
6.5
0
0
8.0
6.0

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                                                        12
    The engine speed is defined as follows:

                              	Engine type
                              Gasoline         Diesel

          Intermediate        1,200 rpm    peak torque speed or
                                           60 pet rated, which-
                                           ever is greatest

          High                2,300 rpm    Rated speed

    The emission data were read during the third minute after the
    beginning of each mode.  A maximum of 10 minutes is allowed
    in each mode to take all necessary data.

    The origin of the 23-mode test schedule operating speeds,
    loads, and weighting factors was from a computer analysis of
    truck and bus survey data taken by Ethyl Corporation in 1963.
    The computer analysis and subsequent formulation of the test
    schedule was performed by EPA's Procedure Development Branch,
    Division of Emission Control Technology.

    The simplified 7-mode cycle uses modes of the 23-mode,proce-
    dure, but weighting factors are different.  The weighting
    factors for the simplified 7-mode cycle were developed to
    give composite cycle emissions similar to that of the 23-mode
    procedure.  The simplified 7-mode cycle is as follows:

    Mode No. of the     Engine       Percent     Weighting
     23-mode cycle      speed         load      factor, pet.

           1            idle             0           40
           2            intermediate     2           10
           6                "           50           10
          10                "          100           10
          13            high           100           10
          17             "              50           10
          21             "               2           10

    The speeds for the 7-mode cycle are defined the same as for
    the 23-mode procedure.

F.  Experimental Design

    The experimental work was divided into essentially four parts:
    (1)  Initial baseline tests—the engines were operated with
    the parameters adjusted to the standard settings as recom-
    mended by the engine manufacturer; (2) parametric study—a
    study to investigate the influence of engine parameters and/or
    auxiliary devices on emissions, fuel consumption, and engine
    performance; (3) combination of parameter tests—tests were
    conducted using several different combinations of parameters
    which would result in reduced emissions (selection of the

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13
        combination of  parameters  was  based on results from the para-
        metric  study);  and (4)  final baseline tests—similar to the
        initial baseline tests,  except the tests were conducted at
        the  end of  the  test  program after the engines were restored
        to  the  normal design configuration.

        In  the  diesel engine study, two replicate initial baseline
        tests were  made for  each engine with the exception of engine
        No.  18.   Three  replicate initial baseline tests were made
        on  engine No. 18 and no other  tests were conducted using
        this engine.

        In  the  parametric study the following parameters were investi-
        gated for the diesel engines:

         Engine
        code No.                   Parameters investigated

         15               Injection  timing, EGR, and catalysts

         16               Injection  timing, EGR, and aftercooling
         17               Injector type and injection timing

         18               NONE (baseline tests only)
         19               Injection  timing, EGR, and catalysts

         20               Special fuel pump and nozzle kit, in-
                             jection  timing and aftercooling
         21               Turbocharger kit and injection timing

        In  the  combination of parameters tests the particular combina-
        tions are indicated  in the data tables in the experimental
        results section of this report.  For the combination of param-
        eters tests, one test was  made for each combination of param-
        eters.   The combination of parameters which appeared to yield
        the  lowest  emissions with  a minimum of penality was replicated.
        (These  are  referred  to as  the  best combination.)  One final
        baseline test was made with each engine used in the parametric
        study with  the  exception of engine No. 17 where two final base-
        line tests  were conducted.

        In  the  gasoline engine study,  three replicate initial baseline
        (23-mode cycle) tests were made with each engine.  Two repli-
        cate tests  were made using the 9-mode cycle that corresponds
        to  the  initial  baseline tests.

        The  parameters  investigated for the two gasoline engines were:
        (1)  manifold air injection,  (2) air-fuel ratio, (3) EGR,  (4)
        spark timing schedules, and (5) the application of an oxida-
        tion catalyst.

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                                                             14
         In the combination of parameters tests with the gasoline engines
         the particular combinations are shown in the data tables in the
         experimental results section of this report.

         Two replicate tests each for the 23-mpde cycle and 9-mode cycle
         were made corresponding to final baseline tests on the two
         gasoline engines.

VI.  EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

     A.  Applicable to Diesel Engines

         1.  Baseline Data

             Two replicate initial baseline tests were run on each
             engine with the engine parameters adjusted in accordance
             with the engine manufacturer's recommendations.  One final
             baseline test was run at the end of the test program for
             each engine after restoring the engine to its standard
             condition.

             The purpose of replicate experiments in the initial base-
             line tests was to establish some measure of confidence in
             the repeatability of the data.  The final baseline test was
             run to check on drift in the engine which might have oc-
             curred during the course of testing in the parameter study.

             Emissions as a function of power output for the seven diesel
             engines for all the baseline tests are shown in figures 4-10.
             Note the emissions levels for different engines vary over a
             wide range, thus, the ordinate scale in figures 4-10 varies
             from engine to engine.  The primary purpose of the figures
             is to show repeatability between baseline tests for a given
             engine rather than to compare emissions between the various
             engines.  If the reader chooses to compare emission between
             the different engines it must be borne in mind that the emis-
             sion scales are different for different engines.

             Detailed results from baseline tests for all seven diesel
             engines are shown in appendix A.  The results of each of
             the seven engines will be discussed separately.

             The results obtained from engine No. 15 (figure 4) show
             considerable variability in NOX emission between initial
             baseline No. 1 and the other two baselines.  This is in
             part due to a slightly different adjustment in injection
             timing between these baseline tests.  Following the initial
             baseline No; 1, several tests were conducted using varied
             timing before the second baseline was run.  Thus, initial
             baselines Nos. 1 and 2 for engine No. 15 are not true repli-
             cates.  It was ascertained that the injection timing for

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15
            initial baseline No. 1 was advanced about one degree when
            compared with the other two baseline tests.  One other
            difference was that NOX for initial baseline No. 1 was
            measured by NDIR and NDUV instruments, whereas, a chem-
            iluminescent analyzer was used for NOX in all other tests.
            These two differences do not appear to account for the
            discrepancy in NOX between the baselines.  Perhaps some of
            the difference was due to engine variability.

            Results from engine No. 16 (figure 5).show fairly good
            repeatability except for CO emission for the final baseline
            test, where CO increased significantly at full load and the
            intermediate speed.  The final baseline was run after tests
            in which EGR was used.  The higher CO was due to turbo-
            charger fouling caused by the use of EGR in previous tests
            in the parametric study.  The turbocharger fouling effectively
            caused lower boost pressure in the intake manifold, thus
            reducing intake airflow and in turn caused reduced exhaust
            mass flow (see tables A-4, A-5, and A-6).

            Engine No. 17 showed a consistent increase in hydrocarbon
            emission between initial baselines 1 and 2 and between final
            baselines 1 and 2 (figure 6).  This may have been due to
            drift in injector performance, however, there was no clear
            evidence to prove this.  The repeatability for CO and NOX
            for the various baselines was reasonably good for this
            engine.

            The emissions from engine No. 18 (figure 7) were fairly
            repeatable with the exception of hydrocarbon emission.
            This engine was used in the baseline study only, therefore,
            the three initial baselines shown are true replicates.

            The results obtained from engine No. 19  (figure 8) re-
            peated well between the two initial baselines, but, the
            hydrocarbon emission was significantly lower for the final
            baseline.  The low hydrocarbon emission for the final base-
            line may have been due to changes in injection characteristics
            (i.e., variations in spray patterns due to deterioration
            in nozzle performance, etc.).  Note the high hydrocarbon
            spike at about 25 pet load at rated speed.  Engine No. 19
            employs an injection pump with a 4-cylinder idle feature
            which causes the engine to operate on four cylinders at
            idle and low power modes.  The high hydrocarbon spike occurs
            during the transition period when the fuel pump starts de-
            livering fuel to all eight cylinders.

            Results from engine No. 20 (figure 9) showed reasonably
            good repeatability for the different baselines with the
            exception of hydrocarbon during the rated speed modes.
            There is no consistent pattern in these hydrocarbon dif-
            ferences, since there was a larger variation between the

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                                                    16
    two initial baseline tests (which were true replicate
    experiments) than there was between the second initial
    baseline and the final baseline.

    The results from baseline tests involving engine No. 21
    (figure 10) show good repeatability except, NOX was higher
    on the second initial baseline and the final baseline than
    it was for the first initial baseline.  Differences in NOX
    levels between the initial and final baseline tests might
    possibly be explained by slight difference in timing ad-
    justments because for this particular engine, the timing
    adjustments were difficult, and were performed by the engine
    manufacturers' local service representative.  The timing
    adjustment was reset as near as possible to the original
    setting, however, it was not possible to have a definite
    check on the setting other than the usual procedure that
    the service representative follows.

    Composite cycle emission data for all of the baseline tests
    (including initial and final baselines) for the seven diesel
    engines were averaged and shown in table 1.  The detailed
    data for each of these tests are given in appendix A.  The
    results from the 23-mode and 13-mode cycles are compared
    in table 1 and also the peak smoke value for the cycle
    is given.  The peak smoke refers to the mode in the cycle
    which yielded the highest smoke density.

    Since the composite emissions from the 23-mode procedure
    can be different than those from the 13-mode procedure,
    the following discussion will be based on the 23-mode pro-
    cedure results.  Results from the two procedures will be
    discussed in detail in the next section of this report
    (Section VI(A)-2).

    Results from the 23-mode procedure baselines show that CO
    emission from the seven engines (table 1) varied from
    about 1.1 g/bhp-hr for engine 16 to about 5.5 g/bhp-hr
    for engine 17.  Carbon monoxide emission from most of the
    engines was from 4-6 g/bhp-hr.  Hydrocarbons varied from
    about 0.3 g/bhp-hr for engine 16 to about 4.4 g/bhp-hr
    for engine 19.  Engine 21 was a low hydrocarbon emitter
    with about 0.5 g/bhp-hr and the other engines emitted from
    about 1.7 to 3.1 g/bhp-hr.  Oxides of nitrogen emission
    ranged from about 5 g/bhp-hr for engine 16 to about 15-16
    g/bhp-hr for engines 17 and 20.  Engine 18 was a high NOX
    emitter with about 13 g/bhp-hr, while the other three
    engines emitted from 7 to 8.5 g/bhp-hr of NOX.

2.  Comparison Between 13- and 23-Mode Procedures

    Large differences were found between results from the 13-
    and 23-mode cycles for certain engines.  The greatest dif-
    ference was found for CO emission  (figure 11) for engine

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17
             17.   This is caused by the very significant increase in CO
             emission as full load is approached (figure 6).   The weight-
             ing  factor used in the 23-mode cycle for one of  the highest
             CO modes (mode 10) was actually zero (see tables A-7, A-8,
             A-9,  and A-10).  Other differences are not as large but are
             certainly significant.  The HC and NOX emissions showed
             better agreements between the 13- and 23-mode cycles than
             the  CO emissions, but there were significant discrepancies
             for  NOX emission for engines 15 and 19 at about  the 5 g/bhp-hr
             level.  These discrepancies were primarily related to EGR
             cutoff during mode 10 of the 23-mode cycle.  (Note figure
             11 contains data for all engines for both the baseline and
             combination of parameter tests.)

         3.   Parametric Evaluation

             In order to evaluate emission control parameters, a simpli-
             fied 7-mode cycle was developed.  The cycle was  described
             in section V(E).  The purpose of the cycle was  to study one
             parameter at a time to determine which adjustments and/or
             accessory hardware to use in the combination of  parameters
             tests which would involve the complete cycle test.  The
             use  of this short cycle (7-mode) allowed a much  more rapid
             evaluation of parameters than if the complete 23-mode
             procedure were used for each test.

             A summary of results from the simplified 7-mode  cycle for
             engine 15 is given in table 2.  More detailed data are shown
             in table D-l.  Results (table 2 and figure 12)  show that re-
             tarded injection timing reduced NOX significantly but with
             some increase in HC emission and fuel consumption.  Retarding
             injection timing 3° resulted in about 40 pet reduction in NOX
             while fuel consumption was increased about 9 pet.  Further
             retarded timing resulted in large penalty in HC  emission
             without much gain in reducing NOX.  Thus, injection timings
             of standard and 3° retard appeared to be the best choices
             for  use in the combination of parameters tests.   Retarded
             injection timing by 3° increased peak smoke from 15 to 17
             pet  opacity.

             The  application of a pair of Engelhard catalysts to engine
             15 resulted in about a 70 pet reduction in CO emission and
             about a 45 pet reduction in HC emission while fuel consump-
             tion,  peak smoke, and NOX emissions were essentially un-
             changed (table 2).  Thus, the catalysts were chosen for use
             in the combination of parameters tests for control of HC.

             The  use of EGR reduced NOX significantly, but,  also in-
             creased peak smoke beyond acceptable limits (table 2 and
             figure 13).  Five pet and 10 pet EGR, reduced NOX by 33
             and  49 pet, respectively.  Since peak smoke at  full load
             was  increased to unacceptable levels, it was decided for

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                                               18
the combination of parameters tests to use EGR cutoff during
the full load modes in order to limit peak smoke.

From results of the simplified 7-mode cycle for engine 15,
the following adjustments were selected for use in the com-
bination of parameters study; injection timing at standard
and 3° retarded; Engelhard catalysts for HC control; and
EGR adjusted to 5 and 10 pet respectively, with EGR cutoff
at full load modes for smoke control.

For engine .16, emissions were determined during selected
modes rather than the simplified 7-mode cycle because at
the time that these experiments were performed, the simpli-
fied 7-mode cycle had not been developed.  The effects of
aftercooling, injection timing, and EGR on emissions are
shown in tables 3, 4, and 5, respectively.

It is clear from these data  (tables 3-5) that it is very
difficult to select the best adjustment of parameters for
use in the cycle test.  Therefore, the simplified 7-mode
cycle was developed for use in subsequent tests.

The parametric adjustments selected for use in the com-
bination of parameters tests for engine 16 were:  standard
and 5° retarded injection timing; 10 pet EGR; and no after-
cooling and 150° F aftercooling.

The parameters studied for engine 17 were a set of ex-
perimental injectors and injection timing.  The experi-
mental injectors were designed with low sac volume, high
injection rate, and timing characteristics that provide
for variable beginning and constant ending of injection.
A summary of results from the simplified 7-mode cycle is
given in table 6 and detailed data are in table D-2.

Carbon monoxide, HC, and NOX emissions were significantly
reduced (table 6 and figure 14) when the experimental in-
jectors were substituted for the standard injectors.  Peak
smoke increased from 2 to 6 pet opacity when the experi-
mental injectors were installed.  Retarding injection timing
further decreased NOX emission without much penalty in fuel
consumption but with a significant penalty in smoke emission.
For example, NOX was reduced from 16.3 g/bhp-hr for the
standard injectors to 8.2 g/bhp-hr for the experimental in-
jectors with 3.4° retarded injection timing while peak smoke
increased from 6 to 20 pet opacity.

The injection timing adjustments selected for use in the
combination of parameters tests for engine 17 were standard
and 3.4° retarded timing with the experimental injectors.

Engine 18 was used in baseline tests only and will not be
discussed in this section of the report.

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19
             The results from the simplified 7-mode cycle for engine
             19 are shown in table 7 and the more detailed results are
             given in tables D-3 and D-4.   The results from the simpli-
             fied 7-mode cycle tests are plotted in figures 15 and 16.
             The trade-off between peak smoke emission and fuel con-
             sumption (figure 15) clearly occurs at about standard
             timing (34° before top center).  NOX can be further re-
             duced by using a more retarded timing but with heavy
             penalties in fuel consumption.  Thus, standard and 2° re-
             tarded timing settings were chosen for use in the combina-
             tion of parameters study.   The use of EGR decreased NOX
             emission but resulted in heavy penalties in terms of in-
             creased smoke (figure 16).  Since a catalyst was already
             selected for use with this engine for HC and CO control,
             the selection of an EGR rate would be determined by the
             trade-off between NOX reduction and increased fuel con-
             sumption since smoke is limited by using an EGR cutoff
             at full load modes.  Ten and 15 pet EGR, respectively,
             were selected for use in the combination of parameters
             study.

             The parameters selected for use in combination of param-
             eters tests for engine 19  were:  standard and 2° retarded
             injection timing; 10 and 15 pet EGR with EGR cutoff during
             full load modes; and the application of a pair of UOP noble
             metal catalysts for HC and CO control.

             Engine 20 was tested using the simplified 7-mode cycle and
             with injection timing, aftercooling, and a special fuel pump
             and nozzle kit as test parameters.  A summary of the results
             are in table 8, and detailed data are shown in tables D-5,
             D-6, and D-7.  Results show that the composite NOX was re-
             duced from 14.5 g/bhp-hr to 11.3 g/bhp-hr with 3° retarded
             injection timing.  The use of aftercooling (150° F) reduced
             the NOX further to 8.7 g/bhp-hr with no penalty in fuel
             consumption or peak smoke  (figure 17).  The use of the
             special fuel pump and nozzle kit had little or no effect on
             NOX emission, peak smoke,  or fuel consumption, but it did
             significantly reduce HC and CO emissions.
             The  parameter  adjustments and/or accessory hardware selected
             for  use  in  the combination of parameters test for engine 20
             were:  3 retarded injection timing;  aftercooling at 200° F
             and  150° F  maximum inlet air temperature levels;  and the use
             of the special fuel pump and nozzle kit and the standard
             fuel pump and  nozzles.

             Engine 21 was  used in the combination of parameters tests
             but  there were no  tests  made using the simplified 7-mode
             cycle because  of the limitation of parametric adjustments.
             This work with engine 21 will be discussed in section
             VI(A)-4  of  this report.

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                                                   20
4.  Effectiveness of Control Technology

    The results of baseline and combination of parameters tests
    for all the diesel engines are summarized in table 9.  The
    detailed data for baseline tests are in appendix A and de-
    tailed data for combination of parameters tests are in ap-
    pendix E.  Results for the 23-mode cycle and the 13-mode
    cycles are both shown in table 9.  The following discussion
    is based on composite results from the 23-mode procedure.

    Results from engine 15 show that NOX can be reduced from
    about 8.5 g/bhp-hr for the standard engine to about 3.6
    g/bhp-hr by using 3° retarded injection timing and 10 pet
    EGR (table 9).  This is about a 57 pet reduction in NOX with
    about a 6 pet increase in fuel consumption.  About a 45
    pet reduction in NOX was achieved with 5 pet EGR with only
    a 2 pet penalty in fuel consumption.  A pair of Engelhard
    noble metal catalysts were also used in these combinations
    and reduced CO from 56 to 63 pet and HC from 36 to 56 pet.
    Emissions as a function of power output (for engine 15) for
    the baseline and combination of parameters tests are shown
    in figure 18.  Note the loss of NOX control at full power.
    This is caused by EGR cutoff at full load.  Aldehydes,
    odor intensity, and smoke were essentially unchanged with
    any of the combinations of parameters (table 9).

    It appears that for engine 15 by using 5 pet EGR, injection
    timing retarded 3°, and catalysts the following emission
    levels can be reached:  CO - 3 g/bhp-hr; HC - 2 g/bhp-hr,
    and NOX - 5 g/bhp-hr.  Fuel economy loss would be on the
    order of 2 pet.  Peak smoke increased from 15 to 17 pet
    opacity.

    Experiments with engine 16 showed that NOX could be lower
    by combining EGR, aftercooling, and injection timing retard.
    Results (table 9) show that NOX was reduced to about 2.5
    g/bhp-hr with the use of 5° retarded timing, 10 pet EGR,
    and 150° aftercooling (note the 150° aftercooling means
    that coolant water to the aftercooler was adjusted so that
    the intake air temperature was 150° F for the full load and
    rated speed modes, coolant flow was maintained constant for
    all other modes of the cycle).  Since NO  for the standard
    engine was 5.2 g/bhp-hr, this was about a 52 pet reduction
    in NOX with about a 2 pet penalty in fuel consumption.  The
    150° aftercooling probably could not be achieved in practice
    due to limitation in having coolant at a low temperature in
    the real vehicle.  Oxides of nitrogen for the same combina-
    tion of parameters but without aftercooling yielded about
    3.0 g/bhp-hr, but fuel consumption penalty was about 4 pet
    as compared to the standard engine.  Emissions as a function
    of power output (engine 16) for the baseline and combination
  ,  of parameters tests are shown in figure 19.

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21
             Aldehydes and odor intensity were not significantly changed
             with these combinations of parameters (table 9).

             Results based on the 23-mode procedure indicate that with
             the use of 5° retarded injection timing, 10 pet EGR, and
             aftercooling, engine 16 could reach the following emission
             levels:  CO - 2 g/bhp-hr, HC - 1 g/bhp-hr, and NOX - 3
             g/bhp-hr.  Fuel economy loss would be estimated from 2 to
             5 pet.  Peak smoke would be increased from about 2 to 8
             pet opacity.

             About 8 g/bhp-hr of NOX was possible with engine 17 (table
             9) by using experimental injectors and retarded timing, but
             with a severe penalty in smoke.  The more practical level
             of NOX (based on combinations of parameters tested in this
             program) for this engine appears to be about 10 g/bhp-hr.
             Emissions as a function of power output (engine 17) are
             plotted in figure 20.

             Aldehyde emission increased with retarded injection timing
             and odor intensity was not appreciably affected (table 9).

             Results from this study based on the 23-mode procedure,
             indicate that for engine 17 the following emission levels
             could be reached:  CO - 6 g/bhp-hr; HC - 1 g/bhp-hr, and
             NOX - 10 g/bhp-hr.  Fuel economy loss was about 3-4 pet.
             Peak smoke increased from about 3 to 6 pet opacity.

             Engine 18 was not used in the combination of parameters
             study and was discussed earlier in the section on baseline
             data.  This engine will not be discussed further.

             Test results showed that for engine 19, NOX emission was
             reduced about 50 pet with the use of EGR. The lowest level
             of NOX was achieved by the use of 15 pet EGR (table 9).
             With 15 pet EGR, and 2° retarded timing, NOX was reduced
             to 3.5 g/bhp-hr as compared to 7.3 g/bhp-hr for the standard
             engine.  This is roughly a 52 pet reduction in NOX.  (Note
             that for this combination of parameters, and if the results
             were based on the 13-mode procedure, NOX would be reduced
             by 28 pet instead of the 52 pet reduction shown by the 23-
             mode procedure.  This difference is primarily due to dif-
             ference in weighting factors for the full load modes be-
             tween the two procedures.  See figure 21 and note the loss
             of NOX control at full load because of EGR cutoff at full
             power.)  The use of a pair of UOP noble metal catalysts re-
             duced CO and HC by about 84 pet.  However, it should be
             borne in mind that these were fresh catalysts and durability
             testing would be required to determine the activity of the
             catalyst over a long period.  The particular catalysts used
             on this engine increased exhaust back pressure to a value
             about double that used in the tests without catalysts  (see
             tables E-13 through E-20).  Aldehydes and odor intensity

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                                            22


were also decreased significantly with the catalysts.

Based on experiments with engine 19 it appears that the
following levels of emissions can be reached by using
10 pet EGR (with EGR cutoff at full load modes), standard
timing, and the UOP catalysts:  CO - 1 g/bhp-hr, HC -1 g/bhp-
hr, and NOX - 6 g/bhp-hr.  Fuel economy loss would be about
3-5 pet.   Peak smoke increased from 12 to 15 pet opacity.

Engine parameters that were studied with engine 20 (turbo-
charged engine) were injection timing, aftercooling, and a
special pump and nozzle kit.  The special pump was equipped
with a built-in puff litniter (acceleration smoke control)
and an experimental 4-cylinder idle feature.  The special
nozzles had a wider spray angle than the standard nozzles.
Results (table 9) showed that NOX could be reduced from
about 15 g/bhp-hr for the standard engine to about 8.2
g/bhp-hr with 3° retarded timing and 150° F aftercooling.
Fuel consumption penalty for these changes was roughly 1
pet.  No significant change was found for peak smoke density
and aldehydes emission.  Odor intensity increased slightly.

The use of the special fuel pump and nozzle kit reduced
both CO and HC emissions (table 9).  Oxides of nitrogen,
however, increased slightly from about 8.2 to 9.7 g/bhp-hr
when the special pump and nozzles were used.  Emissions as
a function of power output (engine 20) for baseline and
combination of parameters test are shown in figure 22.

It appears that for engine 20, the following emission
levels could be achieved with the use of retarded timing,
the special pump and nozzle kit, and aftercooling; CO -
4 g/bhp-hr, HC - 2 g/bhp-hr; and NOX - 10 g/bhp-hr.  There
would be an estimated 3 to 4 pet loss in fuel economy.  No
significant change was noted in peak smoke for the combina-
tion of parameters tests when compared to the baselines.

Experiments involving engine 21 did not result in reduced
NOx emissions when compared to the standard engine.  The
parameters investigated were addition of a turbocharger,
injection timing, and increased fuel rate.  Results show
(table 9) that adding the turbocharger increased NOX from
8 g/bhp-hr to 11.4 g/bhp-hr.  Retarding injection timing
decreased NOX to about 10 g/bhp-hr.  Further reductions
in NOX could be achieved by retarding injection timing
further, but this was not practical in these experiments.
Aldehydes were reduced with the addition of the turbo-
charger, and odor intensity was not changed.  Peak smoke
was reduced from 12 pet opacity for the standard engine
to 4 pet opacity for the combination of parameters tests
and fuel consumption was unchanged.  The standard engine
had the lowest emissions and they were:  CO - 3.3 g/bhp-hr,
HC - 0.50 g/bhp-hr, and NOX - 7.98 g/bhp-hr.  Emissions as

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23
             a function of power output (engine 21)  for baseline and
             combination of parameters tests are shown in figure 23.

     B.   Applicable to Gasoline Engines

         1.  Baseline Data

             Three replicate initial baselines were  run on each of the
             two gasoline engines using the 23-mode  procedure.   The
             gasoline engines were tested using the  9-mode procedure
             with two replicate tests at the beginning of the program
             and two replicate tests at the end of the program.  Two
             final baselines were run on each engine at the end of the
             program using the 23-mode procedure.

             Results from the 23-mode cycle tests  are summarized in
             table 10 and detailed results are in  appendix B.  Re-
             sults show that the composite CO emission for engine 23
             was about 23 pet higher than for engine 22.  This was
             primarily caused by mixture enrichment  (power jet opera-
             tion) which occurred at high power modes for engine 23.
             The mixture enrichment at higher power  mode did not occur
             with engine 22.  This effect can clearly be seen by ex-
             amining modal CO values in the tables of appendix B.
             Normally, for engines of this type, the air-fuel mixture
             will go rich at high power.  There may have been a car-
             buretor malfunction with engine 22.  However, in this
             test program, there was no way to determine if a mal-
             function had occurred with engine 22.  Hydrocarbon and
             NOX emissions were similar for the two engines.  Specific
             fuel consumption (when based on the 23-mode procedure)
             appeared to be significantly different  for the two engines.

             Since in this program it was impossible to motor the engines
             for closed throttle modes (due to unavailability of motoring
             type dynamometers), the HC values in  the baseline tests are
             low.  Also shown in table 10 are values computed for the
             same cycle, but with assumed emission values for the motored
             modes.  Results show that the inclusion of the motored modes
             can double or even triple the composite cycle HC emission.
             Thus, actual HC emissions for these two engines are probably
             in the range of 6 to 9 g/bhp-hr.

             Results from the 9-mode cycle tests are summarized in
             table 11 and detailed data are given  in appendix C.  The
             data are expressed in terms of the California weighting
             factors [now 'adopted for use in the Federal test (5) ].
             Since the Federal test now uses the California weighting
             factors the following discussion will be limited to the
             results that were calculated on the basis of the California
             weighting factors.

             Results show that on the basis of the 9-mode cycle, the
             composite cycle CO emission is about  33 pet higher for

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                                                  24
    engine 22 than for engine 23.  This result is different
    than that observed for the 23-mode cycle where the CO
    emission was about 23 pet higher for engine 23.  This
    illustrates that different conclusions can be reached
    depending on the type of cycle and the weighting factors
    that are used.  By using estimated values for emissions
    during the motored mode, the composite-emission of HC
    was increased by factors of 2.3 and 2.6 for engines 22
    and 23, respectively.  This clearly illustrates the need
    for considering the closed throttle modes when testing
    gasoline engines.   The HC emission for the- two gasoline
    engines are estimated to be about 6-9 g/bhp-hr for the
    9-mode cycle when the closed throttle motored mode is
    included in the test.

2.  Parametric Evaluation

    For the purpose of evaluating individual emission control
    parameters in the gasoline engine tests, the complete 23-
    mode cycle test was employed.

    Results from the investigation of the effects of emission
    control parameters are summarized in tables 12 and 13.  The
    detailed data for the complete cycle are given in appendices
    F through J.  It should be borne in mind that the HC emission
    does not reflect the contribution from motored modes.

    In studies involving exhaust manifold air injection, the
    rate of airflow injected into the manifold was varied by
    changing the air pump pulley to drive pulley ratio.  The
    air pump used was the same as that used with light-duty
    vehicles.  Results (table 12 and figure 24) show that for
    engine 22, the CO and HC emission reached a minimum at an
    air pump pulley/drive pulley ratio of 1.25.  Further in-
    creases in air pump speed did not decrease CO and HC emis-
    sions.  The pump employs a pressure relief valve, thus,
    the increase in speed may not have resulted in increased
    airflow.  At any rate, the air injection rate corresponding
    to the 1.25 air pump/drive pulley ratio was chosen for use
    in the combination of parameters study.

    The application of a pair of UOP noble metal catalysts to
    engine 22 resulted in about an 88 pet reduction in CO and
    91 pet reduction in HC when compared with air injection
    alone (table 12 and figure 25).  Thus, the catalysts were
    selected for use in the combination of parameters tests.

    Results from the air-fuel ratio study (table 12 and figure
    24) with engine 22 showed significant decrease in CO and
    HC emissions with a slight decrease in NOX with no meas-
    urable loss in maximum power (see appendices B and H) or
    fuel economy when the air-fuel ratio was adjusted one step
    leaner than standard.  Further leaning of air-fuel mixture

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25
             decreased CO and NOX but markedly  increased HC and  fuel
             consumption.  Also, maximum power  was decreased by  about
             25 pet  (tables B-l and H-l).  When the air-fuel was ad-
             justed  richer than standard  (0.058 jets), CO and HC
             emissions increased, NOX decreased and there was about
             an 8 pet increase in maximum power (tables B-l and  H-3)
             and fuel consumption was improved.  Going one-step  richer
             (0.060  jets) resulted in a significant penalty in CO
             emission.

             The air-fuel ratio settings chosen for the combination
             of parameters tests were:  standard (0.056 jets); one-
             step lean (0.054 jets); and one  step rich  (0.058 jets).
             Although the CO increased with the one step rich setting,
             if used in conjunction with the  catalysts, it might be
             acceptable.

             Engine  22 used an EGR system that  was built into the  intake
             manifold and the amount of EGR was controlled by an auto-
             matic vacuum operated valve.  The  EGR rate was changed by
             changing the shape and/or size of  the valve pintle.  The
             EGR (percent) value indicated in table 12 and figure  25
             are nominal values of different  pintles  that were furnished
             by the  engine manufacturer.  There was no method for  checking
             EGR rate for the different modes in the  cycle.

             Results for the EGR tests on engine 22  (table 12 and  figure
             25) show the best compromise between CO, HC, and NOX  emis-
             sion with the 15 pet pintle.  Fuel consumption was  increased
             about 3 to 4 pet with the use of the 15  pet pintle.  The 15
             pet EGR was selected for use in  the combination of  parameter
             tests.

             Tests with engine 22 using different modified vacuum  advance
             units did not show any improvement in terms of emissions
             over the standard unit (table 12).  Therefore, the  standard
             vacuum  advance unit was used in  tests involving combina-
             tions of parameters.

             The experimental work with the second gasoline engine
             (engine 23) was similar to that  for engine 22, except the
             ignition parameter used was basic  timing and the EGR  rate
             was controlled manually.

             The EGR system was built into the  intake manifold,  but
             the EGR rate was controlled by a manually adjustable  valve.
             This necessitated a means to observe the EGR rate for each
             mode.   Sampling taps were placed in the  intake passages
             just upstream of the intake valves. The eight sampling
             tubes were connected to a common manifold and a sample of
             the intake mixture was fed to a  C02 analyzer.  By monitor-
             ing C02 levels in both the exhaust stream and the intake
             stream, it was possible to calculate the percent of EGR.

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                                                  26
    This procedure allowed for programming the EGR rate as
    indicated in the tables.

    Results from the air injection study for engine 23 (table
    13) indicated the 2.5 air pump/engine speed ratio to be
    optimum for this engine.   The air pump was similar to that
    used with engine 22 and is normally used with light-duty
    vehicles.  The 2.5 air pump/engine speed ratio was used
    for the catalysts tests and the combination of parameters
    tests.

    The use of a pair of UOP  noble metal catalysts with engine
    23 reduced CO by about 92 pet and HC 90 pet when compared
    to air injection alone (table 13 and figure 26).  The
    catalysts were used in two out of the three combinations
    of parameters.

    Results from the air-fuel ratio study for engine 23 showed
    the standard air-fuel ratio to be about optimum with re-
    spect to emissions (table 13).

    The results from the EGR study with engine 23 indicated
    that programming the EGR rate from 5 pet EGR at 8 pet load
    to 7.5 pet EGR at 92 pet load and with EGR cutoff at other
    modes was about the best compromise between emissions and
    fuel consumption (table 13 and figure 26).

    The results from the ignition timing study (engine 23,
    table 13 and figure 27) showed some advantage in retarding
    ignition timing with respect to NOX and HC emissions, but
    did result in significant increases in fuel consumption.
    Ignition timing settings selected for the combination of
    parameters tests were standard and 5° retarded.

3.  Effectiveness of Emission Control Parameters

    The results of the baseline and the combination of param-
    eters tests for the two gasoline engines are summarized in
    table 14.  Aldehydes were analyzed for the modes correspond-
    ing to the 13-mode diesel cycle.  Aldehyde emissions were
    calculated on the basis of the 13-mode procedure weighting
    factors [see section V(D)].  Detailed data for the base-
    line tests are in appendix B and detailed data for the com-
    bination of parameters tests are in appendix K.

    The results showed that for the second combination of
    parameters for engine 22 (table 14), the NOX was reduced
    to 3.93 g/bhp-hr, a reduction of about 59 pet when com-
    pared with the baseline.   The CO emission, however, was
    high  (19 g/bhp-hr) due to the rich operation.  Even if the
    19 g/bhp-hr of CO was considered acceptable, the thermal
    stress on the catalyst would (due to the rich operation)
    probably shorten the life of the catalysts.  The combina-
    tion Nos. 1 or 3 then would be considered more realistic.

-------
27
             This would indicate that a level of about 6 g/bhp-hr of
             NOX could be achieved with about a 6 to 8 pet loss in fuel
             economy.  The CO was reduced below 2 g/bhp-hr with the
             use of the catalysts.  The HC level is not well estab-
             lished because of the lack of data for the closed
             throttle modes.  The catalyst reduced the aldehyde emis-
             sion by about 90 pet based on the 13-mode cycle.  A com-
             parison of emissions between the baseline and the com-
             bination of parameters tests for engine No. 22 is shown
             in figure 28.

             Results from tests with engine 23 (table 14) indicate
             that NOX can be reduced to 5-6 g/bhp-hr.  This is about
             a 40 to 50 pet reduction in NOX when compared to the
             baseline.  It appears that 6 g/bhp-hr of NOX could be
             reached without a penalty in fuel consumption with the
             proper programming of EGR rate.  Carbon monoxide was
             reduced below 3 g/bhp-hr with the use of the catalysts.
             HC emissions were reduced 90 pet by the catalysts, but
             again the actual cycle composite HC could not be deter-
             mined without data from the motored modes.  Based on
             the 13-mode cycle, aldehyde emission was reduced from
             75 to 88 pet.  A comparison of emissions between the
             baseline and combination of parameters tests for engine
             No. 23 is shown in figure 29.

-------
                                                           28
REFERENCES

1.  Engine Rating Code - Spark Ignition - SAE J245, SAE Recommended
    Practice, 1972 SAE Handbook, pp 764-769, Society of Automotive
    Engineers, Inc., New York, N.Y.

2.  U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.  Protection
    of Environment.  Subpart J—Test Procedures for Engine Exhaust
    Emissions (Heavy Duty Diesel Engines).  36 FR 228, November 25,
    1971, pp. 22470-22474.

3.  Turk, Amos.   Section and Training of Judges For Sensory Evaluation
    of the Intensity and Character of Diesel Exhaust Odors.  U.S.
    Public Health Service Pub. No. 999-AP-32, 1967, 45 pp.

4.  Coordinating Research Council, Inc.  Oxygenates in Automotive
    Exhaust Gas:  Part I.  Techniques for Determining Aldehydes by
    MBTH Method.  New York, 1967.

5.  Environmental Protection Agency.  Control of Air Pollution from
    New Motor Vehicles and New Motor Vehicle Engines.  Heavy-Duty
    Engines.  37 FR 175, September 8, 1972.

-------
                   TABLE 1. - Baseline emissions and fuel consumption for diesel
                                engines used in the heavy duty engine project

                           (Averages include both initial and final baseline values)
Engine
number
15 	 „
16 	 	
17......
18 	
19......
20 	
21......

23rmode procedure
grams /bhp-hr
CO
5.54
1.06
3.37
3.79
5.29
4.20
3.29
HC
2.82
.32
1.70
2.60
4.37
3.05
.50
N02
8.46
5.20
16.5
13.2
7.26
15.0
7.98
Ib /bhp-hr
BSFC
0.446
.428
.472
.424
.510
.504
.452

Peak smoke,
pet opacity
15.2
2,2
2.7
9.0
11.5
8.5
Ilo7
13-mode procedure
grams /bhp-hr
CO
5.93
.93
7.94
4.53
5.93
4.48
4.39
HC
2.90
.26
1.62
2.32
4.41
2.62
.48
N02
8.27
4.93
15.9
14.0
7.41
15.1
8.50
Ib /bhp-hr
BSFC
0.445
.422
.476
.421
.504.
.490
.452
Comments
Average of
3 tests
Average of
2 tests I/
Average of
4 tests
Average of
3 tests
Average of
3 tests
Average of
3 tests
Average of
3 tests
                                                                                                              \O
.I/The final baseline test was not included in the average because it was not representative  due  to the
  fouling of the turbocharger caused by using EGR in the parametric study.

-------
                                                                   30
            TABLE 2.  - Summary of results from engine No.  15  using
                          :     a simplified 7-mode cycle .        .  ':'
Description of engine
adjustment and/or
accessory hardware




5 percent EGR 	 	 	
10 percent EGR 	
15 percent EGR 	

Emissions,
g/bhp-hr
CO
8.0
7.0
9.1
2.3
7.9
10.3
14.5
HC
3.1
3.6
6.5
1.7
3.1
2.8
2.9
NOX
8.5
4.9
4.3
9.3
5.7
4.3
3.4
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.46
.50
.51
.46
.47
.47
.49
Peak smoke i/
pet opacity
15
17
18
14
22
32
48
  I/Corresponds to smoke during the intermediate speed and full load mode.
    TABLE 3. - The effect of aftercooling on emissions and fuel consumption
                        for selected engine modes (engine No. 16)
Mode
6



10



13




17



Speed,
rpm
1,600



1,600



2,200




2,200



Power ,
bhp
95
95
96
94
189
190
189
192
245
244
251
254
256
123
122
127
128
Inlet air
temperature ,
OF
138
135
130
114
203
190
155
150
273
239
188
154
150
161
155
150
145
Fuel
consumption,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.368
.395
.354
.387
0.391
.371
.370
.365
0.399
.395
.384
.380
.379
0.406
.406
.390
.391
Emissions,
g/bhp-hr
CO
0.38
.41
.45
.40
0.25
.34
.35
.28
0.23
.27
.29
.27
.42
0.45
.44
.45
.43
HC If
0.064
-
-
.18
0.060
-
.041
-
0.073
-
-
-
.050
0.12
-
-
.059
NOX
4.77
5.42
5.57
4.63
3.60
3.11
3.59
2.55
4.56
5.09
4.63
4.36
4.01
4.89
5.68
5.65
5.13
Smoke ,
pet opacity
7.0
1.1
3.3
1.5
2.0
1.1
7.0
4.4
2.0
1.1
3.3
2.2
3.5
2.0
1.1
2.2
4.5
^/Missing hydrocarbon values correspond
   instrument malfunctioned.
to runs in which the hydrocarbon

-------
          31


    TABLE 4.
The effect of injection timing on emissions and fuel consumption
           for selected engine modes (engine No. 16)
Mode
6
10
13
17
Speed,
rpm
1,600
1,600
2,200
2,200
Power,
bhp
94
101
189
203
245
250
123
125
Degrees of injec-
tion timing retard
from standard
0
5
0
5
0
5
0
5
Fuel
consumption,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.387
.400
0.391
.385
0.399
.411
0.406
.409
Emissions,
g/bhp-hr
CO
0.40
.36
0.25
.31
0.23
.30
0.45
.61
HC
0.18
.12
0.060
.050
0.073
.065
0.12
.11
NOX
4.63
3.93
3.60
3.70
4.56
4.71
4.89
4.80
Smoke ,
% opacity
1.5
.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
2.0
1.5
       TABLE 5. - The effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on emissions
               and fuel consumption for selected engine modes (engine No. 16)
Mode
6
10
13
17
Speed,
rpm
1,600
1,600
2,200
2,200
Power ,
bhp
94
92
86
189
184
183
172
245
237
234
231
228
123
119
111
% EGR
0
6.7
25.0
0
9.1
10.4
20.4
0
8.2
12.6
17.1
21.0
0
8.1
24.5
Fuel
consumption,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.387
.370
.384
0.391
.380
.382
.412
0.399
.401
.404
.411
.417
0.406
.420
.405
Emissions
g/bhp-hr
CO
0.40
.42
.46
0.25
.76
1.02
4.81
0.23
.43
.50
.72
1.02
0.45
.38
.48
Hd/
0.18
0.060
.062
0.073
.046
.043
.049
.054
0.12
.066
NO*
4.63
4.23
2.03
3.60
2.14
1.96
.81
4.56
2.70
1.84
1.53
1.17
4.89
3.50
2.31
Smoke ,
% opacity
1.5
8.0
11.0
2.0
12.0
11.0
34.0
2.0
4.5
4.5
7.0
11.0
2.0
4.5
6.0
jTMissing hydrocarbon values correspond to runs
  instrument malfunctioned.
                                 in which the hydrocarbon

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                                                                  32
           TABLE 6. -
Summary of results from engine No. 17 using
        a simplified 7-mode -cycle
Description of engine
adjustment and/or
accessory hardware

Experimental injectors:
1.7° retarded timing.....
5.1° retarded timing 	

Emissions,
g/bhp-hr
CO
12.1
8.1
13.7
15.2
15.2
HC
1.5
.80
.77
1.2
2.0
NOX
16.3
11.0
9.9
8.2
7.5
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.51
.52
.52
.51
.53
Peak smoke I/
pet opacity
2
6
15
20
24
I/ Corresponds to smoke during the intermediate speed and full load mode.
2l Average of two tests.

           TABLE 7.  - Summary of results from engine No.  19 using
                              a simplified 7-mode cycle      .  ",
Injection
timing,
°BTC
26
28
30
32
34 (Std.)
Do.
Do.
Do.
36
Do.
Do.
Do.
38
40
42
44
EGR,
pet
0
0
0
0
0
5
10
15
0
5
10
15
0
0
0
0
Emissions,
g/bhp-hr
CO
7.8
7.2
6.4
6.3
6.7
7.3
8.1
10.5
7.8
9.1
10.4
12.9
10.4
13.0
17.2
22.5
HC
6.3
5.3
4.7
4.2
3.7
3.8
3.5
3.2
3.7
3.6
3.3
3.2
3.8
4.1
5.1
5.5
NO*
4.2
5.4
6.4
7.6
7.8
7.2
5.2
3.5
10.4
8.2
6.2
4.2
10.5
12.2
12.2
13.8
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.55
.53
.52
.51
.52
.51
.52
.52
.50
.51
.52
.52
.52
.53
.54
.56
Peak smoke 1^
pet opacity
9
8
8
8
9
12
16
31
14
17
25
39
18
24
28
32
   I/Corresponds to smoke during the intermediate speed and full load
     mode.

-------
      33
          TABLE 8. - Summary of results from engine No. 20 using
                             a simplified 7-mode cycle
Description of engine
adjustment and/or
accessory hardware
Emissions,
g/bhp-hr
CO | HC | NOX
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
Peak smoke I/,
pet opacity
                   ENGINE WITH STANDARD PUMP- AND NOZZLES

3° retarded timing 	
Aftercooling with 3°
retarded timing:
250° F maximum inlet
air temperature .........
200° F maximum inlet
150° F maximum inlet

6.3
6.2
5.7
5.7
5.0

3.2
2.7
2.7
2.8
3.0

14.5
11.3
10.2
9.8
8.7

0.51
.53
.52
.51
.51

9
12
13
13
10

                  ENGINE WITH SPECIAL PUMP AND NOZZLES



4.0
3.8

1.7
1.7

14.5
11.9

0.51
.52

7
8

I/ Corresponds to smoke during the intermediate speed and full load mode.

-------
                                                                                                                                               34
                       TABLE 9, - Summary of emlsalona and fuel consumption for baselines and eanbinatlon  of  parameters  tests

Combination of
parameters Nos.
Description of engine adjustment
and /or accessory hardware
for dlesel engines

2 3 -mode cycle
finis B Ions,
a/bhp-hr
CO I HC I N09
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
Peak smoke,
X opacity

13 -mad A
Emissions,
3/bhp-hr
HC I N02
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
vcle
Aldehydes.
g/bhp-hr
Odor
intensity,
DZ units
Lug -down
smoke,
X opacity
                                                                    ENGINE NO. 15

1
2
3

Standard timing, 10 pet EGR, Engelhard
catalyst, (EGR cut off during modes
3" retarded timing, 5 pet EGR, Engelhard
catalysts, (EGR cut off during modes
3° retarded timing, 10 pet EGR, Engel-
hard catalysts, (EGR cut off during
modes 10 and 13 of the 2 3 -mode cycle).

2.06

2.43

1.24

1.80

5.36
4.69
3.65

.453

.472



18.2
5 93
1.73
1.89
1.93
2 90
1.22
1.78
1.79

6.24
4 97
4.18

.454
.453
.476
0 23
.16
29
.20
4 3 I/
3.6 I/

4.0 I/



14.0
                                                                    ENGINE NO. 16

1
2
3
4

Standard timing, 10 pet EGR, no after-
Standard timing, 10 pet EGR, 150* F
5* retarded timing, 10 pet EGR, no
5" retarded timing, 10 pet EGR, 150* F
1.06
1.09
.99
1.51
1.88
0.32
.37
.23
.34
.76
5.20
3.33
3.07
3.04
2.54
0.428
.421
.414
.447
.436
2.2
17.5
13.0
12.0
8.2
0 >3
1.20
1.02
1.58
1.68
0.26
.28
.20
.29
.64
4.93
3.13
2.98
2.78
2.44
0.422
.421
.414
.443
.430
0.082
.028
.021
.058
.107
4.6
1.9
2.8
4.5
S.9
6.9
17.5
20,9
10.0
6.S
                                                                    ENGINE NO. 17

1

Baseline 	
Experimental Injectors, atandard timing.

3.37
1.99
3.74
1.70
.81
.96
16.5
10.4
8.04
0.472
.490
.482
2.7
5.5
20.4
7.94
5.45
9.78
1.62
.72
.88
15.9
10.5
7.91
0.476
.492
.491
0.088
.059
.125
4.2
3.4
4.3
2.8
4.5
18.2
                                                                    ENGINE NO. 18
 Baselln	  3.79   2.60  13.2
                                                                                     4.53  2.32  14.0     0.421
                                                                    ENGINE NO. 19

1
2
3
4
5
7

Standard timing, 10 pet EGR (EGR cut off
during modes 10 and 13 of the 23-mode
Standard timing, 15 pet EGR (EGR cut off
during modea 10 and 13 of the 23-aode
2" retarded timing, 10 pet EGR (EGR cut
off during modea 10 and 13 of the
2" retarded timing, 15 pet EGR (EGR cut
off during modea 10 and 13 of the
Standard timing, OOP catalyats 	
Standard timing, 10 pet EGR, UOP cata-
lyata, (EGR cut off during modea 10
and 13 of the 23-mode cycle) 	
5.29

6.32
5.59
6.60
.94
.91
4.37

2.85
3.62
3.81
.67
.69
7.26
5.25
4.47
4.49
3.53
8.10
5.43
0.510
.509
.531
.516
.539
.523
.532
11.5
12.7
20.9
8.8
19.8
13.8
15.4
5.93
5.71
6.01
5.68
6.05
.68
.68
4.41
3.22
2.85
4.12
3.79
.53
.55
7.41
6.41
6.00
5.95
5.30
8.47
6.80
0.504
.498
.512
.510
.520
.514
,520
0.23
.17
.23
.33
.33
.046
.065
4.5 I/
4.8 11
5.1 11
4. 7 \l
5.4 i/
2.6 I/
2.3 I/
12.5
11.7
11.7
10.1
10.1
14.0
13.4
                                                                    ENGINE NO. 20

1
2
3
Baa e line
3° retarded timing, apeclal pump and
nozzle kit, 200* F aftercoollng 	
3* retarded timing, apeclal pump and
nozzle kit, 150* F aftercoollng 	
3" retarded timing, standard pomp and
4.20
3.67
3.57
3.77
3.05
2.12
1.95
2.86
15.0
10.1
9.86
8.15
0.504
.520
.524
.508
8.5
7.0
6.6
9.2
4.48
3.70
3.45
3.76
2.62
1.87
1.76
2.60
15.1
10.4
10.3
8.82
0.490
.502
.507
.495
0.14
.12
.13
.18
5.9
5.1
5.0
7.4
7.6
7.7
6.6
7.4
                                                                    ENGINE NO. 21



2
3
,


2" retarded timing, turbocharger, and
2* retarded timing, turbocharger, and
standard fuel pump 	


1.46
1.28
1.34


.63
.59
.72


11.44
10.59
10.08


.448
.449
.458



3.6
3.6


1.51
1.37
1.35


.60
.53
.61
8.5

12.09
11.28
10.50
0.452

.441
.438
.446
0.082

.070
.042
.057
4.4

5.6
4.6
5.4
15.9

1.6
3.6
3.0
I/NOTE.- Odor Intensity  determined  with samples  diluted 400:1  for engines  15 and 19, and 100:1 for all other engines

-------
    TABLE  10.  - Summary of baseline emissions  (23-mode cycle) and fuel consumption for gasoline
                    engines  (also comparison of composite cycle emissions with and without a
                                            value for the motored mode
Data as generated in
this test program^/ — average
of initial and final
Data computed using an
estimated value2/ for emis-
sions during motored modes..
Engine No. 22
Emissions ,
g/bhp-hr
CO
33.1
33.4
HC
2.29
7.66
NO 2
9.52
9.60
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.649
Engine No. 23
Ei
CO
40.6
41.6
nissions ,
i/bht>-hr
HC I/
2.85
8.30
NO?
9.59
9.58
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
0.567
                                                                                                              u>
                                                                                                              Ol
I/Note  due  to  limitation  in dynamometer  capability  (i.e., power absorption only), data do  not reflect
~~ emissions  during  closed throttle motored modes.

2/Estimated values  for motored modes were:  Engine  No. 22 -- intermediate speed - 45, 760, and 10  g/hr
~ for CO, HC,  and N0_,respectively; high speed  - 60,  540, and 12 g/hr for CO, HC, and N0_, respectively;
  Engine No. 23  —  intermediate  speed  -  160, 840, and 10 g/hr for CO, HC, and N0~, respectively;  high
  speed - 160, 760, and 12 g/hr  for CO,  HC, and N0_,  respectively.

-------
  TABLE  11.  - Summary of baseline emissions (9-mode cycle) for gasoline engines  (also comparison
                 of composite cycle .emissions with and without a value for  the  motored mode

Data as generated in this test program I/ --
Data computed using estimated values 2/ for

Emissions
Enj
CO
46.4
50.4
Sine No. 22
HC
2.90
6.58
N02
8.12
8.12
g/bhp-hr
En
CO
35.0
40.0
Sine No. 23
HC
3.40
8.72
N02
9.95
10.02
I/ Note due to limitation of dynamometer capability  (i.e.,  power  absorption only), data do not
   reflect emissions during the closed  throttle mode.

"If Estimated emission values for  the motored mode were:   Engine No.  22 — 660, 540, and 10 g/hr
   for CO, HC, and N02,  respectively; and engine No. 23  —  280, 780,  and 12 g/hr for CO, HC,
   and NO-, respectively.
                                                                                                            ON

-------
    37
TABLE 12. - The effect of emission control parameters on emissions and
             specific fuel consumption (23-mode cycle, engine No. 22)

Emissions, grams/bhp-hr
CO 1 HC
NO
X
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
                        STANDARD BASELINE DATA
Initial

baselines ,

average

of

3



32.1

?

.28

9.6

0.

645

                        EFFECT OF AIR INJECTION
Air





pump pulley/drive pulley ratio
1.00
1.25
1.50
1.75
2.00

16.2
13.0
14.7
14.6
12.8

1.05
1.00
1.11
.98
1.02

10.6
9.2
10.8
10.6
8.9

0.634
.643
.655
.655
.648
                          EFFECT OF CATALYST
Standard without catalyst with air
Standard with catalyst with air injection.
13.0
1.6
1.00
.09
9.2
8.2
0.643
.662
                       EFFECT OF AIR-FUEL RATIO
Main





jet size, inches
0.052 (lean)
.054 Do.
.056 (initial baselines)
.058 (rich)
.060 Do.

8.1
14.9
32.1
61.8
151.3

4.70
1.31
2.28
2.83
4.31

7.2
8.5
9.6
7.7
4.4

0.744
.644
.645
.638
.663
                             EFFECT OF EGR
EGR, percent
0 (initial baselines)
5
8
10
12
15

32.1
34.6
37.3
42.2
34.3
32.8

2.28
3.29
2.97
3.45
3.43
2.87

9.6
5.9
5.1
4.1
4.2
4.3

0.645
.643
.650
.657
.664
.668
                       EFFECT OF IGNITION TIMING
Vacuum advance unit :
Modified unit No. 1 	 	 	
Modified unit No. 2 	

32.1
34.3
34.4

2.28
2.76
2.92

9.6
10.1
10 2

0.645
632
62fi


-------
                                                                   38
    TABLE 13. - The effect of emission control parameters on emissions and
                 specific fuel consumption (23-mode cycle, engine No.23)

Emissions, grams/bhp-hr
CO
HC '
N0x
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
STANDARD BASELINE DATA
Initial baselines,
average of 3 tests.....
40.8
2.77
10.3
0.582
                            EFFECT OF AIR INJECTION
Air pump



pulley /drive pulley ratio
2.0
2.5
3.0

19.3
18.2
18.8

1.54
1.48
1.46

11.4
10.8
11.1

0.597
.596
.602
                              EFFECT OF CATALYST
Standard without catalyst with air
Standard with catalyst and air injection..
18.2
1.5
1.48
.15
10.8
9.5
0.596
.562
                           EFFECT OF AIR-FUEL RATIO
Main jet number
299 (lean) !_/
300 (initial baselines)
309 (rich)

64.9
40.8
112.0

3.80
2.77
4.40

9.0
10.3
5.8

0.583
.582
.611
                                 EFFECT OF EGR
EGR, percent
0 (initial baselines)
5
5-7.5 21
5-10 or maximum EGR 3/

40.8
35.8
59.5
52.6
15 percent or maximum EGR 4/ 57 . 0

2.77
2.84
3.44
3.03
4.74

10.3
9.0
5.9
5.9
4.7

0.582
.574
.586
.576
.608
                           EFFECT OF IGNITION TIMING
Basic timing, ° ETC
5 (initial baselines)
2.5
0
-2.5

40.8
47.7
48.7
50.2

2.77
2.95
2.41
2.32

10.3
8.9
7.3
7.3

0.582
.606
.635
.662
I/Although the carburetor jets were sized to give a leaner than standard air-fuel
ratio in this test, the CO emission indicates that the air-fuel ratio was richer
than standard.  This is caused by interaction of power enrichment jets at the
high power modes.
2/EGR was programmed .to increase linearly with engine load starting with 5 pet
EGR at 8 pet load and increasing to 7.5 pet at 82 pet load.  EGR was cut off
during the following modes:  Idle and 2, 92, and 100 pet load modes for both
speeds.
3/EGR was programmed from 5 to 10 pet similar to that described in footnote 2_/,
but at some modes the EGR valve would not deliver the required amount of EGR.
For those modes, the EGR valve was maintained wide open.  The actual percents of
EGR for these modes are indicated in the 23-mode tables.
4/Fifteen pet EGR was used in all modes from 8 to 82 pet load except where
15 pet was not attainable due to limitation of flow through the EGR valve.
For modes with less than 15 pet EGR indicated, the EGR valve was wide open.

-------
          TABLE 14. - Summary of emissions and fuel'consumption for baselines and combination ,of parameter"  ••',-.''
                                                  tests .for gasoline engines
Combination
of parameter
No.
Description of engine
adjustment and/or
accessory hardware
23-mode cycle
Emissions,
g/bhp-hr
CO | HCl/ | NOV
BSFC,
Ib/bhp-hr
13-mode cycle
Aldehydes ,
g/bhp-hr
                                                                                                                        vo
                                                            ENGINE NO. 22

1 Standard timing, air injection, A/F--one step
lean, 15 pet EGR, and UOP catalysts. 	 	
2 Standard timing, air injection, A/F — one step
3 Standard timing, air injection, A/F--standard,

33.1
1.20
19.2
1.32

2.29
.14
.25
.09

9o52
6.15
3.93
5.70

0.649
.700
.689
.688

0.22
.023
.014
.012

                                                            ENGINE NO. 23

1 5° retarded timing, air injection, A/F — standard,
and 5.0-7.5 pet EGR 2^... 	 	 „ 	 	
2 Standard timing, air injection, A/F — standard,
3 5° retarded timing, air injection, A/F — standard,
	 5.0-7.5 pet EGR 2/, and UOP catalysts. . „ „ 	

40.6
16.6
2.57
2.97

2.85
.75
.12
.14

9.59
4.76
5.79
5.42

0.567
.571
.555
.604

0.26
.26
.030
.065

\J  Note composite hydrocarbon values in the table do not include any contribution from the motored modes.

2/  EGR was programmed to increase linearly with engine load starting with 5 pet EGR at 8 pet load and increasing  to
    7.5 pet at 82 pet load.  EGR was cut off during the following modes:   'Idle-and 2, 92, and 100 pet load modes
    for both speeds'^ - •         ---•-.-

-------

RECIRCULATED
EXHAUST GAS
                   EXHAUST GAS COOLER
                       AND DAMPER
 FIGURE  1.  -  Typical  Exhaust Gas  Recirculation System Used for Diesel Engine Tests

-------
AFTERCOOLER
   INLET   '  I
     FIGURE 2. - Typical Aftercooling Setup Used in Diesel Engine Tests

-------
                                  (•I Flow meters

  Probe
                        Bubbler for
                        RCHO sample
                                Filter
                                          Pump
                                                       C02
                                                       NDIR
                                                                      rierite
                                                                      lolurnn
                                                                                            Chemiluminescent
                                                                                               Detector
                                                                                    Cal
                                                                                                   Pressure
                                                                                                   Regulator
Exhaust
1.  Water trap maintained at 32°  F
2.  Sample  line:
    a.   Heated portion - Stainless  steel at 350°F -- total length of stainless  steel
    b.   Unheated portion - Teflon
3.  Probe:   1/4" O.D. stainless steel
4.  Total sample flow « 30 cfh
5.  FID - heated (oven temperature  « 400°F) , vacuum type
                                                                                         20  feet
                            FIGURE 3.  -  Schematic of Exhaust  Sampling and Analytical
                                            System Used in Diesel Engine  Tests

-------
            43
                          1.700 RPH
   2,000
   1,300
   1,000
                                                            2,000
                                                            1,000
                                                            1,000
                                                                                   2.800 nm
                                                                      • Initial Baseline No. 1
                                                                      O Initial Baseline No. 2
                                                                      A Final Baseline
                                                                        I	I
               30       60       90       120
                  I	I
                                                                        50       100       150       200      250
     800
     600
               30        60       90
                                                 J
                                                  150
I	I
                                                                        50       100       ISO      200
°
   2.0001—
   1,500-
   1,000 —
     500 —
                        60        90

                          POWER, bhp
                                         120       150
                                                            2,000i—
                                                            1,500
                                                            1,000
                                                                                          I	I
50       100       150

          POWER, bhp
                                                                                                 200       250
                  FIGURE  4.   - Emissions as  a Function of Power  Output
                                      for  Engine  No.  15  (Baseline  Tests)

-------
                                                                                      44
                    1.600 RPM
                                                                          2.200 RPH
                                                                                    • Initial Baseline No. 1
                                                                                    O Initial Baseline No. 2
                                                                                    & Final Baseline
                   80       120      160      200
                                                                                        J	I
                                                                59       100       150      200      250
           40       80       120      160      200
                                                                        100      150      .00      250
1,200 —
                                                     1,600 |—
                                                     1,200
                                                                         I	I
I	I
                                                                        100      150

                                                                          POWER, bhp
               FIGURE 5.  -  Emissions  as  a  Function  of  Power Output
                                  for  Engine  No.   16  (Baseline Tests)

-------
       45
6,000l—
4,500 —
3,000 —
1,500
                                                                                  2.100 RPM
                                                         6,000
                                                         4,500
                                                          3,000
                                                          1,500
                                                                                         • initial Baseline No. 1
                                                                                         OInittal Baseline No. 2
                                                                                         A Final Baseline No.  1
                                                                                         O Final Baseline No.  2 •
                     80       120       160      200-
                                                                              120       180       240       301
             I        I        I         I         I
            TtQ        80        120       160      200
                                                                         	__        	-«» «
                                                                              ~~-wv—-~
                                                                     60       120       IBU       <£4U      JUU
4,000
                     80        120

                      POWER, blip  '
                                       160       200
                                                          4,000
                                                          3,000
                                                          2,000
                                                          1,000
                                                                     J	I	I	I
                                                                      60       120       180      240       30'
                                                                                 POWER, bhp
              FIGURE 6.  -  Emissions  as  a  Function  of Power  Output
                                   for Engine  No.  17  (Baseline  Tests)

-------
                            1.260 RPM
    2,0001—
                                                            2,000
                                                            1,500
                                                            1,000
                                                                                    2.100 RPM
                                                                                              • Initial Baseline No.  1
                                                                                              O Initial Baseline No.  2
                                                                                              A Final Baseline
                                                                                 I         I         I
                                                                        50       100       150      200
                                                                                                           250
g    200
                                          I        I
               50       100       150       200      250
                                                             200
                                                                       50       100       150      200       250
   3,200 |—
   2,400
  1,600
              50      100       150

                        POWER, bhp
                                        200  '    250
                                                           3,2001—
                                                           2,400—
100       150

  POWER, bhp
                 200       250
                    FIGURE  7.  - Emissions  as  a  Function of Power  Output
                                       for  Engine  No.   18  (Baseline Tests)

-------
          47
                          2.200 RPH
   l.OOOi—
    750
a   SOO
                                        I	:	I
              30       '0    '  90      120       150
                                                                                 3.000 RPM
                                                          1,000 i—
                                                                                           • Initial Baseline No. 1
                                                                                           O Initial Baseline No. 2
                                                                                           A Final Baseline
                                                                                      120      160       200
  1,600
  1,200
                                                         1,600 i—
                                                         1,200 	
                                      120       150
                                                                                     120      160       200
 1,200 ,—
                                                        1,200 i—
                     60       90
                        POWER, bhp
                                      120      150
80       120
 POWER, bhp
                 160      200
                  FIGURE 8.  - Emissions  as  a  Function of Power  Output
                                     for Engine  No.  19  (Baseline Tests)

-------
                                                                                              48
   2,000.—
   1,500
»  1,000

8
     500
                                                            2,000
                                                            1,500
1,000
                60       120       180      240
                                                  300
                                                                                            • Initial Baseline No. 1
                                                                                            O Initial Baseline No. 2

                                                                                            & Final Baaellne
                                                                        60       120      180       240       300
               J	I
                        120       ISO      240       500
                                                                                 T20      1807      ZftO
   6,000
   4,500
   3,000
   1,500
                                          J	I
                        120       180

                          POWER, bhp
                                         240       300
                                                            6,0001—
                                                            4,500
                                                            3,000
                                                            1,500
                    120       180

                      POWER, bhp
                                                                                                  240       300
                   FIGURE 9.  - Emissions as  a  Function of  Power  Output
                                       for  Engine  No.   20  (Baseline  Tests)

-------
          49
2,4001—
1,800
1,200
                       1.500 RPM
                                                        2,400
                                                         1,600
                                                         1,200
                                                                                 2.100 RPH
                                                                                          •  Initial Baseline Ho. 1
                                                                                          O  Initial Baseline No. 2
                                                                                          &  Final Baseline
             40       80
                              120       160
                                                                                       I	I
                                                                     50       100       ISO      200
                                                                                                       250
            40       80
                                      160       200
                                                                             100       150      200       250
2,800
2,100
1,400
             40       80
                              120 •      160
                                                         2,800
                                                         2,100
                                                         1,400
                      POWER, bhp
                                                                             100       150      200
                                                                                POWER, bhp
                 FIGURE  10.  -  Emissions  as  a  Function of  Power  Output
                                      for Engine  No.  21  (Baseline  Tests)

-------
                                                                               50
        X Engine No. 15
        O Engine No. 16
        A Engine No. 17
        D Engine No. 18
        • Engine No. 19
        A Engine No. 20
        • Engine No. 21
                                            la
                                            oo u
                                             -B
                   CO, g/bhp-hr
                  13-MODE CYCLE
HC (IB CH2), g/bhp-hr.
  13-MODE CYC1E
                                    NO  (as N02), g/bhp-hr
                                       13-MODE CYCLE
FIGURE  11.  - Comparison of Emission Between the  13-Mode and  23-Mode Cycle
                Procedures (Data  from Baseline and  Combination  of Parameter Tests)

-------
51
      50
      40
u
cd
§* 30
      20
   i
      10
                o Peak smoke
                pBSFC, cycle average
                                                               10   o
                                                                 •5-
                                                                      H
                                                                      CO
                                                                      U
                                                                      CO
                                                                      pq
                                                                   H
                                                                   W
                                                                   CO
                                                                   <
                                                                  .s
                                                                   CJ
                                                                   2
                                                                 -5
      15
      10
   60

    A
   CO

   o
   M
   CO
   CO
       0.,
             O CO
             A HC (as CH2)
             a N0 (as N02)
                                                          I
                                 3                       6


                INJECTION  TIMING, "retarded from standard
  FIGURE 12. - Emissions, Smoke, and Fuel  Consumption as a Function
                of Injection Timing Retard (Composite Results from
                   a Simplified 7-Mode  Cycle  for Engine No.  15)

-------
                                                            52
     50
     40
  •H
  O
  fl)

  §• 30
§  20
w
     10
                O Peak smoke
                o BSFC, cycle average
                                                               10  g
                                                                 0,
                                                                     En
                                                                     co
                                                                     pa
                                                                     w
                                                                     en
                                                                     u
                                                                - 5
                                        10
                                                      15
     12
   60
  O
  M
  M
  CO
          O  CO
          ^  HC (as CH2)
          0  N0x(as N02)
                                        10
                                                      15
                             EGR,
FIGURE 13. - Emissions, Smoke, and Fuel  Consumption as a Function
              of EGR (Composite Results  from a  Simplified 7-Mode
                          Cycle for Engine  No.  15)

-------
53
     30
  o
  cfl
     20
     10
o Peak smoke
D BFSC, cycle average
# Standard injectors
10
                                                                    a
                                                                    PQ
                                                                    W
                                                                    a
                                                                    H
                                                                - 5
     15  -
 JC
  D.
  60
 §
 H
 Cfl
 CO
     10
                                OCO
                                DHC  (as CH2)
                                ^NO  (as N02)
                                 Standard  '
                                  injectors
               INJECTION TIMING, "retarded from standard
  FIGURE 14. - Emissions, Smoke, and Fuel Consumption as a Function
                of Injection Timing Retard (Composite Results  from
                  a Simplified 7-Mode Cycle for Engine No. 17
                        using Experimental Injectors)

-------
                                                                               54
•u
•I-l
u

g.
o

5-s
i
CO
     30
20
     10
                    O Peak  smoke

                    D BSFC,  cycle average
0.57




0.56




0.55




0 54





0.53





0.52




0.51
                                                                          a.

       24   26    28    30    32
                                     36    38    40    42    44
 a
 00
CO

§
M
CO
CO
     16
     12
      0
                   O CO

                   Q HC  (as CH2>

                   ANOX  (as N02)
        I      I      I      I      I
       24    26    28    30    32    34     36     38    40    42    44



                          INJECTION  TIMING, °BTC
       FIGURE  15.  -  Emissions, Smoke, and  Fuel Consumption as a  Function

                      of Injection Timing Retard (Composite Results  from

                         a Simplified 7-Mode  Cycle for Engine No.  19)

-------
 55
•H
U
tfl
O.
O
a
i
to
     30
20
     10
         o Peak smoke
         o BFSC, cycle average
                                                                15
                                                                    S
                                                               H
                                                               CO



                                                           10  §
                                                                    o
                                                                    pn
                                                                    CO
                                                                    PQ
                                                                    o
                                                               -  5
                               10
                                      15
20
 I
 a
 60
CO

§
M
CO
CO
     12
         O CO
         a HC (as CH2)
         A NO   (as N02>
                              10          15


                               EGR, %
                                                  20
 FIGURE 16. - Emissions, Smoke, and Fuel  Consumption as a Function
               of EGR (Composite Results  from a  Simplified 7-Mode
              Cycle for Engine No. 19 with  Standard Injection Timing)

-------
                                                            56
     .15
               o
               0
                                                 .53
  O
  cd
     10
                                                 .52
                                                                    .c

                                                                    &

                                                                     g
                                                                     w
                                                                     pq
                                                                 .50
              150
                 200
250
  i
  OH
  00
  CO

  §
  H
  CO
  co
     15-
     10
      0
O CO

A HC

O NO
                    x
                               -6-
             150
                200
250
       INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE AT FULL LOAD AND RATED SPEED, °F


FIGURE 17. - Emissions, Smoke, and Fuel Consumption as a Function
             of Aftercooling Temperature  (Composite Results from
               a Simplified 7-Mode Cycle  for Engine No. 20 with
                 Injection Timing Retarded 3° from Standard)

-------
            57
                         1,700 RPM
                                                                          2.800 RPM
   2,000
   1,500
"3,  1,000
    500
g*"  400
               • Baseline
               O Combination No. 1
               X Combination No. 2
               a Combination No. 3
                       •60       90

                          POWER, bhp
                                                   2,000
                                                   1,500
                                                   1,000
400
                        60       90       120      150    0
                                                    500
                                        120      150    0
                                                                                150
           50       100       150

                      POWER, bhp
                                                                                                250
                                                               50      100       150      200       250
                                                                                        200      250
  FIGURE  18.  - Comparing  Emissions  from  Baseline and Combination of
                               Tests for  Engine No.  15 (Emissions  as  a
                                      Function  of Power Output)

-------
                                                                                   58
                      1.600 RPM
                                                                     2.200 RPM
 300
 200
 100
   0


 140
 105
   0


1,200
          9 Baseline
          O Combination No. 2
          x Combination No. 3
          a Combination No. 4
                            120
            40       80       1?0      160
                     80       120

                      POWER, bhp
                                                 400
                                                 300
                                                 200
                                                 100
200   0


    140
                                                 105
200   0


   1,200
                                                 600
                                             200    0
                                                            50
                                                            50
                                                                    100
                                                                    100
                                                                             150      200
                                                                             150
                       100      150

                         POWER, bhp
                                                                                     200
                                                                                     200      250
  FIGURE  19. -  Comparing Emissions  from Baseline and Combination of Parameter
                              Tests  for  Engine  No.  16 (Emissions  as  a
                                      Function of Power Output)

-------
             59
                          1.200 RPM
                                                                           2.100 RPM
   7,000
   5,250
   3,500
   1,750
     0

    300
5   150
  3,000 -
  2,000
  1,000 -
                                                    7,000
                                                    5,250
                                                    3,500
                                                    1,750
                                                              • Baseline
                                                              O Combination No. 1
                                                              « Combination No. 2
40        80       120       160       200   0

                                      300
               40        80       120       160       200    0
                                                    4,000
                                                    3,000
                                                    2,000
                                                    1,000
                                        160       200    0
                                                                60       120      180       240      300
                                                                 60       120       180      240      300
                       80       120

                         POWER, bhp
                                                                60
                                                         120       180
                                                          POWER, bhp
                                                                                          240      300
          FIGURE 20.  - Comparing  Emissions  from Baseline  and  Combination
                           of Parameter  Tests  for  Engine  No.  17  (Emissions  as
                                        a Function of Power  Output)

-------
                                                                                60
                      2.200 RPM
                                                                   3.000 RPM
1,000
 750
 500 -
        •  Baseline
        O  Combination No. 2
          Combination No.
        X  Combination No. 7
            30       60       90      120      150   0
                                                          40       80      120      160      200
            30       60       90      120       150    0
                   60       90

                    POWER, bhp
80       120

  POWER, bhp
        FIGURE  21.  -  Comparing  Emissions  from  Baseline and Combination
                               of Parameter Tests  for Engine No.  19
                            (Emissions  as a Function of Power Output)

-------
             61
                          1.400 RPM
                                                                          2,400 RPM
   2,000
   1,500
oo  1,000

8



    500
 0

560
    140






      0


   5,000





   3,750

b
ji
eo


o" 2,500


-------
                                                                                         62
                         1.500 RPM
                                                                            2.100 RPM
   2.000





   1,500




b
.c
"oo  1,000

8



    500
• Baseline
o Combination No. 1
x Combination No. 2
£ Combination No. 3
     80
   3,500
   2,625
i  1,750
    875
               50
                50
                                 150
                        100       150

                         POWER, bhp  '
                                         2,000
                                         1,500  '
                                         1,000  -
                                                      500  -
                                         200       250   0
                                                      160
                                                      120
                                                       80
                50       100       150       200      250   0
                                                    3,500
                                                    2,625
                                         1,750
                                                      875
                                                  250   0
                                                                 60       120      180
                                                                 60
                                                              120       180

                                                               POWER, bhp
                                                                                           240
                                                                                           240
                                                                                                   300
                                                                  60       120       180 '      240      300
                                                                                                   300
          FIGURE  23.  - Comparing Emissions  from  Baseline and Combination
                                   of  Parameter Tests  for  Engine  No.  21
                               (Emissions as a Function of Power Output)

-------
        63
              15
           f.
            I
           co
           3
           o
           CO
           CO
              10
                                     AIR INJECTION
                       I
                                 I
                                       I
                                                 I
I
                                                                        10
-5
                     1.00       1.25       1.50      1.75      2.00

                           AIR PUMP PULLEY/DRIVE PULLEY RATIO
150
              15
      100
60
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                                       AIR-FUEL RATIO
                                                                        10
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                          '  CARBURETOR MAIN JET SIZE, inches
                                                         .060
            FIGURE 24. - The Effect of Air Injection and Air-Fuel Ratio
                         on Fuel Consumption  (Engine No. 22,  23-Mode  Procedure)

-------
                                                          64
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HC
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   FIGURE  25.  -  The Effect of EGR and Catalysts on Emissions

                 and Fuel Consumption (Engine No. 22,  23-Mode  Procedure)

-------
65

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 FIGURE 26.  - The Effect of EGR and Catalysts  on Emissions

              and Fuel Consumption (Engine No.  23,  23-Mode  Procedure)

-------
                                                            66
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                                                            -  io   §
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         FIGURE  27.  -  The  Effect of Basic Ignition Timing on

                           Emissions and Fuel Consumption

                         (Engine  No. 23, 23-Mode Procedure)

-------
             67
                      1.200 RPM
  8,000
  6,000
   4,000
   2,000
     0


    300
          • Baseline
          o Combination No. 1
          X Combination No. 2
          6 Combination Ho. 3
g   150
     0


  1,000
              12      24      36      48
                                              8,000
              12      24       36      48
                                            60    0        20      40      60      80      100
                                                         20       40      60       80      100
                                              1,000
                                    48       60    0
                       POWER, hhp
                                                                 40      60

                                                                    POWER, bhp
                                                                                80      100
        FIGURE  28.  -  Comparing Emissions  from Baseline  and  Combinations
                              of  Parameter Tests  for Engine No.  22
                            (Emissions as  a Function of Power Output)

-------
                                                                               68
                     1,200 RPM
                                                                    2,300 RPM
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
        e  Baseline
        0  Combination No. 1
        x  Combination No. 2
        a  Combination No. 3
                                              4,000
                    20       30
                    POWER, bhp
40       60

POWER, bhp
      FIGURE  29, -  Comparing Emissions from Baseline  and  Combinations
                            of Parameter Tests for  Engine No.  23
                         (Emissions as  a Function  of Power Output)

-------
                                                        69
APPENDIX A. — BASELINE DATA FOR HEAVY DUTY DIESEL
                ENGINES WITH PARAMETERS ADJUSTED '
                 TO MANUFACTURERS' SPECIFICATIONS
                         (23-MODE CYCLE)

-------
TABLE A-l   INITIAL BASELINE  TEST  NO.  1  FCR ENGINE KC. 15.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
15
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE C
SPEtC
RPM
525
170C
170C
170C
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
525

2600
2600
2800
2800
2600
2800
2800
2800
2800
525

16SERVEO (
POWER
BHP
0.4
2.8
12.3
28.2
38.5
77. C
112.6
123.3
137.2
IAS. 2
0.3

209.0
194.1
173.3
157.3
101.8
53.3
38.4
15.5
2.1
0.1

EXHAUST
FLOW
L8/HR
399
1G82
116C
1161
1157
1122
1123
1121
1125
1122
371

1685
1669
1647
1642
1618
1611
1613
1612
1618
373

FUEL
FLOW f
LB/HR (
1.4
7.1
9.9
15.6
18.2
28.0
35.3
45.1
50.5
54.6
1.7

£6.0
80.4
69.0
63.3
44.5
27.9
24.5
23.1
19.1
C.8

SMOKE
>ERCENT
3PAC1TY
0.5
0.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.5
1.5
4.5
15.0
0.5

14.0
9.0
6.0
3.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

CC
PPf
536
829
826
681
532
242
131
202
509
1759
458

2187
1582
730
487
415
644
780
1146
1220
431

HC
PPMC
740
845
770
760
690
800
820
650
740
410
760

140
280
540
700
780
700
770
1060
1340
820

NOX*
PPM
210
161
256
445
589
1025
1452
1550
1560
1465
235

1282
1317
1249
1168
836
526
417
244
179
194

* CO
GM/HR
93.7
393.3
419.9
346.4
270.0
119.0
89.0
99.1
251.1
865.4
74.5

1615.2
1157.3
527.1
350.8
294.3
455.2
551.7
809. 4
865.6
70.5

HC
GM/HR
64.9
201.2
196.5
194.1
175.6
197.5
202.5
160.4
163.1
101.2
62.1

51.9
102.8
195.7
252.8
277.6
248.1
273.3
375.9
477.1
67.3

N02
GM/HR
60.4
125.8
213.7
371.7
491.0
628.0
1173.5
1251,5
1263*9
1183.7
62.8

1555.2
1582.3
1481.9
1380.3
976.4
610,7
484.5
282.8
208.3
52.2

                    ==23 MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                        BSCO   5.65 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SHC   2.54 GN/8HP-HR
                       8SN02   9.74 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SFC C.436 LB/BHP-HR

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED MOOES
** NOX FOR THIS TEST  WAS MEASURED BY NDIR  AND NOL'V,
PAX
                    CCNCITIGNS==
             BAROMETER 738.5  MMHG
           HUMIDITY  45  GRAINS/LB
 MAX.  INLET RESTRICTION  25.0  "K20
,  EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE  37.4  "1-20
  INLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE  67F - 64F
         MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  13COF

-------
TABLE A-2  INITIAL  BASELINE  TEST NO. 2 FOR ENGINE NC. 15,
KCDE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE C
SPEEC
RP«
550
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
550

2800
2800
2800
2600
2SOO
2800
2800
2800
2800
550

JBSERVED i
POWER
BHP
0.5
2.9
12.3
27.5
58.3
76.4
114.6
125.3
140.8
152.1
0.5

210.6
193.5
172.7
157.8
105.C
52.8
37.9
17.1
1.3
0.0

EXHAUST
FLOW
L8/HR
382
1C96
1097
1106
1107
1102
1124
1127
1127
1132
380

1677
1651
1638
1633
1622
1612
1614
1567
1566
380

FUEL
FLOW f
LB/HR (
2.5
9.8
11.5
16. C
24.5
30.0
45.0
48.0
52.0
57.0
2.5

86.0
75.0
67.5
62.5
46.0
31.0
28. C
23.5
19.5
2.5

SMOKE
'ERCENT
iPACITY
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.7
2.2
5.5
15.4
1.1

14.3
8.8
6.6
5.5
2.8
2.2
2.5
2.2
1.3
1.6

CO
PPf
436
813
776
714
427
310
209
229
462
1265
426

1964
1150
611
470
426
728
831
1163
1193
436

HC
PPMC
667
915
798
755
733
605
827
813
928
580
755

261
493
682
856
915
850
973
1335
1700
944

NOX
PPM
165
128
185
309
603
603
1157
1206
1236
1162
155

1118
1142
1069
1001
722
413
298
181
119
134

CO
GM/HR
73.1
390.5
373.4
346.2
207.0
149.5
102.9
112.9
228.0
627.7
71.0

1443.8
832. 0
439.0
336.6
302.5
514.5
623.1
799.2
820.2
72.6

HC
GM/HR
56.1
220.6
192.7
183.6
178.5
195.1
204.4
201.5
230.1
144.5
63.1

96.3
179.0
245.7
307.5
326.4
301.4
345.5
460.3
586.5
78.9

NO 2
GM/HR
45.5
100.7
146.1
245.7
480.3
637.2
936.3
978.1
1003.0
947.4
42.4

1349.8
1357.6
1260.1
1177.0
843.1
479.7
346.0
204.6
133.8
36.6

                    ==23 MODE  CYCLE CCMPCSITE==
                        BSCO   5.1C GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   2.88 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02   7.87 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  0.446 LB/BHP-HR

   ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  MODES
                ==TEST  CONDITIONS^
                BAROMETER  747.0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY   47 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 23.5 "H2O
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 30.5 "K20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 68F - 79F
            WAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1358F

-------
TABLE A-3  FINAL BASELINE  TEST  FCR  ENGINE  NG.  15.
MGOE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
e
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE t
SPEED
RPM
550
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
550

2600
2800
2600
2800
260C
2800
2800
2800
2600
55C

OBSERVED {
PGfeEK
8 HP
0.4
2.9
12.0
27.2
33.7
75.7
113.3
122.4
137.6
151.2
0.4

2G9.C
190.3
169.5
156.7
104.5
52.2
37.6
16.5
4.0
0.2

EXHAUST
FLCU
LB/HR
386
1C99
1105
lies
1106
1119
1126
1131
1137
1143
386

1697
1693
1679
1675
1654
1643
1640
1636
1628
383

FUEL
FLOW (
LB/HR (
2.5
10.0
12.0
16.0
17.0
30.0
42.0
45.0
51.0
57.0
2.5

85.5
75.5
67.5
63.0
47.0
31.5
28.5
24. C
21.0
2.5

SMOKE
'ERCEKT
jPACITY
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.6
2.0
2.2
2.7
6.0
15.4
1.0

13.0
7.0
5.5
4.4
2.2
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0

CC
PP*
496
889
863
781
669
293
183
202
410
1396
496

1834
1174
623
500
481
900
1226
1373
1425
436

HC
PPMC
745
1045
950
875
800
828
875
780
865
495
742

181
418
608
760
856
913
1093
1590
2015
970

f\CX
PPM
158
123
184
303
378
758
1161
1239
1179
1097
160

1073
1098
1008
945
665
361
265
170
119
148

CO
GW/HR
84.0
428.5
420.6
379.8
324.6
143.7
90.3
100.0
204.0
699.3
84.0

1364.7
871.1
458.6
366.8
348.7
648.6
881.6
984.4
1016.4
73.3

HC
GM/HR
63.3
252.7
230.9
213.5
194.7
203.9
217.1
194.0
216.3
124.4
63.0

67.6
155.7
224.6
280.0
311.4
330.1
394.4
572.2
721.5
81.8

NO 2
GM/HR
43.9
97.2
146.4
241.9
301.1
611.0
942.9
1008.4
964.5
902.5
44.5

1311.7
1337.8
1219.4
1140.1
791.8
426,6
313.5
200.1
139.3
40.9

                      = 23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                        BSCO  5.87 GH/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  3.05 GM/8HP-HR
                       BSN02  7.76 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.455 LB/8HP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MCDES
            ==TEST  CONDITIONS^
            BAROMETER 744.3 MMHG
          HUMIDITY   75 GRAINS/LB
MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 26.0 «H20
 EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 27.2 RH20
 IKLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 66F - 71F
        MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1376F

-------
TABLE A-4  INITIAL BASELINE TEST NO. 1 FOR ENGINE NO* 16.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
IB
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED fXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RP« 6HP LB/HR
550
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
550

2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
550

0.2
3.7
15.2
33.8
47.2
94.4
141.7
155.4
173.6
188.9
0.2

247.1
227.5
202.7
185.1
123.6
62.0
44.4
19.7
5.0
0.3

440
1208
1210
1162
1166
1297
1452
1554
1727
1829
384

2574
2494
2327
2217
1824
1603
1594
1534
1530
372

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
1.9
10.3
12.1
18.1
21.6
36.5
52.6
58.2
66.2
73.9
1.5

98.7
94.1
82.9
76.4
51.9
31.9
28.2
19.8
16.4
1.1

1.0
2.5
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
1.5
2.0
1.0

2.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.5
1.0

CO
PPM
589
324
260
145
119
70
56
55
55
64
516

50
50
50
50
66
110
135
195
249
559

HC
PPMC
315
115
85
70
67
58
42
40
35
30
890

38
35
32
32
38
50
50
67
80
600

NOX
PPM
43
75
114
244
328
495
499
516
548
573
73

663
664
601
594
522
341
275
170
121
70

CO
GM/HR
113.6
171.8
137.7
74.0.
61.0
39.6
35.9
37.7
41.8
51.4
86.8

56.1
54.4
51.0
48.7
52.7
77.5
94.3
130.9 .
167.3
91.2

HC
GM/HR
30.5
30.6
22.6
17.9
17.2
16.5
13.4
13.7
13.3
12.1
75.2

21.5
19.2
16.4
15.6
15.3
17.6
17.5
22.6
26.9
49. .1

N02
GM/HR
13.7
65.6
99.5
204.2
275.4
462*6
522.2
577.0
660.8
754.2
20.3

1228.2
1191.5
1007.2
948.1
685.4
393.3
315.5
167.5
132.8
18.7

                    ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                        6SCQ  1-07 GM/flHP-HR
                        8SHC  0.36 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  5.26 GH/BHP-HR
                        6SFC 0.439 L8/BHP-HR

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                ==TEST CONDITIONS"
                BAROMETER 742.3 MMHG
              HUMIDITY  53 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 29.0 "H20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 36.0 "H20
     INLET AIR TE«P. RANGE 64F - 78F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEHP. 1090F

-------
TABLE A-5  INITIAL TEST NO. 2 FOR ENGINE  NO-
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED £XHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM 8HP LB/HR
550
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
550

2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
550

0.1
3.7
15.2
33.8
47.2
94.4
141.7
155.4
173.6
188.9
0.1

245.0
227.5
202.7
185.1
123.6
62.0
44.4
19.7
5.0
0.1

377
1130
1129
1135
1137
1253
1432
1537
1643
1695
372

2548
2473
2263
2153
1810
1591
1596
1533
1529
371

FUEL SHORE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
1.2
9.4
12.0
17.6
20.2
34.3
51.5
55.8
62.6
67.8
1.2

97*8
90.0
78.7
71.9
49.8
31.1
25.7
19.6
15.6
1.0

1.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
1.0

2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.0
1.0

CO
PPM
591
315
246
149
123
77
65
60
60
83
528

55
55
56
56
74
123
153
218
273
592

HC
PPMC
330
110
78
63
65
54
41
35
32
25
280

34
32
31
31
40
50
55
70
93
580

NOX
PPM
45
80
125
245
344
521
502
524
548
554
69

666
670
600
563
521
331
251
152
106
64

CO
GM/HR
97.7
155.9
121.6
74.2
61.5
42.5
40.7
40.5
43.1
61.3
86.1

61.7
60.1
55.2
52.7
58.4
85.7
106.9
146.6
183.1
96.2

HC
GM/HR
27.4
27.4
19.4
15.7
16.3
14.9
12.9
11.8
11.6
9.3
22.9

19.1
17.4
15.4
14.7
15.9
17.5
19.3
23.6
31-3
47.3

N02
GM/HR
12.2
65.0
101.4
200.3
281.7
470.3
518.1
579.7
648.1
676.2
18.6

1222.7
1192.2
978.1
872.3
679.2
379. 1
288.6
167.5
117.1
17.1

                     =23 MODE CYCLE  COMPOSITE"
                        BSCU  1.06 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  0.28 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  5.14 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSFC 0.418 LB/BHP-HR
   ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                "TEST CONDITIONS*-
                BAROMETER 742.0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY  51 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 28.0 "H20
MAX. EXHAUST SACK PRESSURE 36.0 "H20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 72F -  80F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1050F

-------
TABLE A-6  FINAL BASELINE  TEST  FOR  ENGINE NG. 16.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
15
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST FUEL SMOKE
SPEED POWER FLOh** FLOW PERCENT
RPM BHP LB/HR LB/HR OPACITY
550
16GO
1600
160C
1600
1600
1600
160C
1600
1600
55C

22CC
220C
2200
22GC
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
550

0.1
3.7
14.6
32.6
45.4
90.8
135.9
148.7
166.6
181.3
0.1

242.9
224.1
199.4
182.2
121.5
60.7
43.6
19.3
4.6
C.I

355
978
981
1034
1C37
1101
1264
1320
1422
1525
352

2191
2076
1913
1801
1538
1372
1323
1320
1320
35£

2.8
9.5
12.2
17.8
20.8
34.5
51.0
57.0
62.5
70.8
2.5

98.5
88.5
79.0
71.5
49. C
30.5
26.0
19.5
15.5
2.5

1.1
2.0
2.2
2.2
2.2
3.0
3.8
4.0
5.5
6.8
2.2

3.3
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.4
4.3
5.5
5.0
4.6
2.2

CC
PP*
638
387
263
145
110
92
87
100
163
264
542

100
62
70
72
80
138
173
240
303
606

HC
FPMC
356
126
77
75
72
71
67
51
39
30
325

40
35
33
32
42
55
59
67
77
505

NGX
PPM
80
111
166
302
432
599
501
512
518
533
74

714
682
629
597
532
374
281
154
100
60

CO
GM/HR
100.5
166.0
113.2
65.6
50.1
44.2
46.2
57.9
101.8
176.2
83.7

95.7
74.6
59.0
56.5
54.2
83.3
100.2
138.7
175.2
95.1

HC
GM/HR
28.1
27.1
16.6
17.1
16.4
17.2
18.6
14.8
12.2
10.1
25.2

19.3
16.0
13.9
12.7
14.2
16.6
17.2
19.5
22.4
39.8


-------
TABLE A-7  INITIAL BASELINE  TEST NO.  1  FOR ENGINE NC. 17.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POKER FLOW
gPM BHP L8/HR
500
1250
1220
1280
1260
1250
1250
1250
1200
1250
500

2100
2150
2150
2150
2150
2150
2150
2150
2150
500

0.0
C.2
13.9
32.7
A3. 2
85.7
129.7
140.4
150.8
167.8
0.0

255.9
241.5
214.9
196.5
131.0
65.5
47.1
20.5
4.9
O.C

864
2224
2172
2277
2260
2221
2232
223C
2131
2163
896

3783
3863
3841
3905
3869
3823
363C
3823
3831
858

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
4.5
10.0
14.5
20.0
23.5
35.5
53.0
58.0
63.5
74.0
3.5

110.0
105.0
95.0
87.0
63.0
41.0
36.5
29.5
24.5
4.0

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0*5
1.0
1.5
2.0
1.0

1.5
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

CO
PPK
236
285
226
158
118
121
102
281
2825
6509
249

1021
500
204
119
61
66
75
96
119
218

HC
PPMC
182
187
168
168
164
183
150
171
164
145
136

164
159
159
150
150
150
159
168
187
173

MOX
PPM
186
138
255
411
534
990
1564
1618
1417
1132
186

1364
1368
1271
1151
753
410
344
254
197
201

CO
GM/HR
89.2
278.2
215.1
157.8
118.4
117.7
99.6
274.8
2638.5
6228.8
97.8

1692.8
847.2
343.6
204.2
103.3
109.8
125.2
161.7
200.6
82.0

HC
GM/HR
34.6
91.5
80.3
84.1
82.3
89.4
73.6
83.9
76.9
69.6
26.8

136.5
135.1
134.4
128.9
127.7
126.2
134.0
141.3
157.6
32.7

N02
GM/HR
115.8
221.0
398.2
674.4
876.8
1582.5
2513.4
2597.8
2173.9
1779.7
119.7

3768.5
3803.3
3515.9
3236.3
2099.0
1127.9
948.5
699.6
543.7
124.0

                       3 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                        BSCO  3.20 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SHC  1.12 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02 17.54 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SFC 0.492 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED KCDES
                 **TEST CONDITIONS"
                 BAROMETER 739.5 MMHG
              HUMIDITY  64 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET  RESTRICTION 12.0 "1-20
MAX. EXHAUST  BACK  PRESSURE 61.0 "H20
     INLET AIR  TEMP. RANGE 87F -  96F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  830F

-------
TABLt A-3  INITIAL BAsEHNE
                              NO. 2 FOR ENGINE NO*
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
4>
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM BHP LB/HR
500
1250
1200
1250
1250
1250
1225
1250
1250
1250
475

2100
2125
2125
2150
2125
2125
2125
2125
2125
475

0.0
2.9
13.3
32.8
41.6
83.3
122.5
140.4
153.7
172.5
0.0

271.9
252.9
225.8
208.8
137.6
68.6
48.6
20.2
6.1
0.0

837
2221
2165
2208
2225
2282
2193
2230
2200
2257
842

3800
3881
3870
3890
3889
3867
3874
3879
3837
834

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
L8/HR OPACITY
4.0
10.5
12.5
18.5
21.0
34.5
47.5
55.0
61.0
75,0
3-5

112.0
105.0
94.0
89.0
64.0
42.0
36.5
28.5
24.0
4.0

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
2.0
0.5

1.5
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

CO
PPM
258
306
254
204
119
52
64
158
620
3986
249

1247
591
200
150
73
83
87
119
128
222

HC
PPMC
268
261
240
225
225
225
218
225
254
170
225

233
225
211
219
205
225
240
254
261
268

NOX
PPM
172
153
241
420
517
934
14,72
1613
1640
1527
167

1400
1361
1256
1155
744
413
341
240
186
192

CO
GM/HR
94.8
298.0
241.4
196.9
115.7
52.3
61.6
154.1
597.4
3943.8
91.8

2077.5
1005.6
340.1
255.2
125.2
140.9
148.3
202.7
215.9
81.1

HC
GM/HR
49.3
127.6
114.3
109.3
110.1
112.9
105.2
110.4
122.9
84.4
41.7

194.8
192.1
179.6
187.4
175.4
191.4
204.6
216.8
220.3
49.2

N02
GM/HR
103.7
244.0
375 .,1
667.7
827.4
1534.7
2324.4
2590.3
2597.0
2481.3
101.5

3829.6
3801.4
3498.4
3235.9
2084.2
1150.0
951.6
669.8
514.9
115.2

                 =*23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'*
                     BSCO  3.37 GM/8HP-HR
                     BSHC  1.52 GM/BHP-HR
                    8SN02 16.76 GM/BHP-HR
                     BSFC 0.470 LB/BHP-HR
                                                   «AX
ENGINE NOT TESTED -IN MOTORED MODES
                   CONDITIONS**;
            BAROMETER  740.9  MMHG
          HUMIDITY   72 GRAINS/LB
MAX.  INLET RESTRICTION 12.0  "H20
, EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 61.0  "H20
 INLET AIR TEMP.  RANGE 76F - 88F
        MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.   833F

-------
TABtE A-9  FINAL
                          TEST NO.  1  FOR  ENGINE  NO*
ENGINE OBSERVED £XHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
hUOE RPK BHP LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
9
10
li
13
14
15
16
17
18
i'j
20
21
22
500
1200
1250
1250
1200
1200
1200
1250
1200
1200
500
2100
2100
2100
2150
2150
2150
2150
2150
2150
500
0.0
3.4
13.8
33.8
43.9
85.0
128.6
146.4
157.2
166.8
0.0
269.9
248.3
221.5
207.1
139.2
69.6
49.9
22.1
6.1
0.0
797
2089
1936
2046
2042
2002
2003
2060
1961
1946
775
3331
3304
3272
3481
3447
3458
3453
3456
3453
822
FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.4
11.0
12.5
20.0
22.0
34.0
47.5
53.0
63.0
72.5
3.9
105.0
99.0
87.0
88.0
65.0
43.0
38.0
30.0
27.0
3.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
2.8
0.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
CO
PPM
299
303
291
237
193
82
107
290
2015
6643
271
1077
761
292
178
142
153
154
176
176
268
HC
PPMC
403
360
342
318
305
305
311
324
330
269
366
318
311
293
287
287
318
330
348
360
385
NOX
PPM
147
136
204
397
526
948
159.0
1731
1658
1243
157
1499
1504
1432
1273
854
461
380
272
210
168
CO
GM/HR
104.6
277.2
247.1
212.8
172.5
72.0
93.6
261.7
1732.2
5667.6
92.1
1572.5
1102.0
418.9
272.0
215.0
232.0
232.3
266.4
266.6
96.5
— — — i —
HC
GM/HR
70.7
165.4
145.6
143.2
137.0
134.4
137.0
146.8
142.4
115.2
62.4
233.0
226.1
210.9
219.8
217.6
241.9
250.7
264.6
273.4
69.7
N02
GM/HR
84.4
205.2
284.5
585.3
773.6
1366.7
2293.3
2567.5
2341.2
1742.3
87.7
3595.0
3578.8
3372.8
3189.4
2118.8
1146.3
944.5
676,7
521.4
99.4
                     *23 MODE CYCLE  COMPOSITE-*
                        BSCO  3.61 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  1.89 GM/BHP-HR
                       QSN02 15.95 GM/BHP-HR
                        6SFC 0.458 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTfO IN MOTORED MOOES
                                                                   =»TEST CONDITIUNS»*
                                                                   BAROMETER 745.6 MMHG
                                                                 HUMIDITY  92 GRAINS/LB
                                                       MAX.  INLET RESTRICTION 28.5 **H20
                                                   MAX.  EXHAUST  BACK PRESSURE 49.9 NH20
                                                        INLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 77F - 92F
                                                              MAX.  EXHAUST TEMP.  850F
oo

-------
      A-10 FINAL .BASELINE TfiST NO. 2 "FOR ENGINE NO, 17.
MODE
1
2
3
ft
5
6
7
a
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
13
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM BHP LB/HR
500
1250
1250
1150
1250
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
500

2100
2150
2150
2150
2150
2150
2150
2150
2150
500

0.0
2.1
14.5
28.5
44.0
84.5
126.8
138.7
155.8
16 5. -6
0.0

267*9
251.8
225.1
205.9
137.1
69.6
49.5
22.1
5.3
0.0

770
1984
2045
1841
2004
1952
1967
1914
1931
1915
767

3299
3444
3444
3437
3414
3404
3443
3413
3418
812

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.9
10.0
14.0
17.0
23.0
34.2
49.0
52.0
63.0
71.0
3.5

104.0
105.0
94.0
87.0
64.0
44.0
39.0
31.0
25.0
3.4

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.5
4.0
0.5

1.5
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

CO
PPM
294
340
311
242
189
99
123
307
1792
6330
299

996
465
199
195
138
162
166
139
190
272

HC
PPMC
445
412
380
387
374
361
361
380
387
348
425

400
412
380
361
348
348
361
387
400
438

NOX
PPM
152
132
216
377
504
947
1523
1658
1577
1177
160

1495
1466
1381
1248
813
449
376
276
198
163

CO
GM/HR
99.2
295.3
278.5
195.6.
165.6
85.0
106.4
257.4
1517.0
5733.5
100.6

1439.7
701.7
300.6
294.2
205.8
241.2
250.7
283.4
284.9
96.7

HC
GM/HR
75.3
179.9
171.0
156.7
164.9
155.0
156.2
160.0
164.4
146.6
71.7

290.3
312.2
287.9
272.9
261.3
260.6
273.4
290.6
300.8
78.2

N02
GM/HR
84.4
189.0
317.5
499.0
727.5
1331.0
2156.3
2285.2
2191.8
1623.3
88.6

3551.8
3634.3
3423.3
3087.2
1998.2
1099.4
931.7
678.9
488.4
95.1

                    =*23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                        BSCO  3.27 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  2.26 GH/BHP-HR
                       BSN02 15.65 GH/BHP-HR
                        8SFC 0.468 L8/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED JN MOTORED MODES
                — TEST CONDI TIONS"
                BAROMETER 745.6 MMHG
              HUMIDITY  80 GRAINS/LB
    HAX. INLET RESTRICTION 29.0 "H20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 52.6 "H20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 87F - 96F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  871F

-------
TABLE A-U INITIAL BASELINE  TEST KG.  1  FOR  ENGINE NO. 18,
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POhER FLCW
RPM BHP LB/HR
600
1260
1260
1260
1260
1260
1260
1260
126C
1260
600

210C
2100
210C
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
600

C.C
4.1
16.6
37.7
52.3
104.6
156. 9
170.3
190.7
211.1
0.0

226.7
208.7
185.9
169.9
113.6
56.8
47.2
18.0
4.4
O.C

431
SC8
SC5
957
561
1077
1250
1353
146C
1621
422

2452
2446
2302
2246
1977
192S
1716
161G
1552
418

FUEL SMOKE
FLCfc PERCENT
L8/HR OPACITY
3.0
7.8
11.2
17.5
21.0
36.6
55.3
60.0
69.0
77.0
3.0

89.0
82.5
74.0
68.0
50.0
46.0
30.0
2C.C
17.5
3.0

1.0
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.0
2.2
4.5
4.5
7.5
9.5
2.0

3.5
3.5
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
2.8
1.0
0.5
0.5

CC
PPF
1113
879
646
333
203
239
1332
1549
2256
2553
881

741
531
386
283
244
244
248
316
360
926

HC
PPMC
1185
990
890
850
835
870
548
440
285
220
1020

410
475
580
660
750
785
925
1050
1200
1095

ft OX
PPM
166
260
481
950
1354
2269
3001
2976
2813
2646
197

1602
1426
1299
1181
722
632
417
297
226
197

CC
GM/HR
210.2
349.5
256.5
139.8
85.7
112.7
729.7
918.5
1443.6
1814.4
163.1

796.1
569.4
389.1
278.7
211.1
206.6
186.5
222.9
244.6
169.8

HC
GM/HR
112.3
197.7
177*2
179.0
176.5
206.1
150.7
131.0
91.5
78.5
94.8

221.2
255.6
293.7
326.1
326.2
333.1
349.3
371.9
409.7
100.8

NO 2
GM/HR
51.4
169.9
313.5
654.9
936.7
1758.7
2700.1
2899.5
2957.5
3088.9
59.8

2827.9
2510.5
2152.3
1909.8
1027.0
877*6
515.4
344. C
252.1
59.2

                      = 23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                        BSCO  3.83 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SHC  2.74 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02 13.29 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSFC 0.427 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                =*TEST  CONDITIONS**
                BAROMETER 737.0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY   94 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. IKLET  RESTRICTION 11.0 "H2O
MAX. EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 17.0 "K20
     INLET AIR  TEMP.  RANGE 72F - 86F
         xN  MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 11SOF
00
o

-------
TABLE A-12  INITIAL BASELINE  TEST NO.  2 FCR ENGINE NC. 18.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
e
. 9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POkER FLCfe
RPH BHP L6/HR
60C
1260
1260
126C
1260
1260
1260
1260
126C
126C
600

2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
210C
2100
210C
600

O.C
4.3
16.8
37.7
52.3
104.6
156.9
170.3
ISC. 7
210.4
O.C

230.3
211.9
186.7
172.7
115.2
57.6
41.6
18.4
4.8
C.O

432
910
960
966
969
1C87
1310
1313
1416
1577
427

25C7
2426
2307
2251
1988
177C
1720
1616
1566
422

FUEL SMOKE
FLOh PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.0
8.0
11.5
17.0
20.7
37.C
56.0
59. C
68.0
75.0
2.6

90.0
63.0
73.0
66.5
50.0
33.4
28.5
21.1
17.7
2.7

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
1.0
2.0
3.0
6.0
8.5
1.5

3.5
3.5
4.0
4.0
4.8
4.4
4.0
3.5
3.0
2.0

CC
PPK
1066
787
557
312
225
218
814
1348
1845
2276
975

698
573
408
325
265
290
292
315
360
952

HC
PPfcC
1200
1035
845
805
805
870
710
650
540
490
1360

435
475
550
595
685
805
885
935
1030
1015

KOX
PPH
163
282
494
963
1295
2182
2927
2956
2803
2762
178

1600
1426
1297
1212
730
468
395
299
228
175

CO
GM/HR
201.8
314.0
234.5
132.2
95.5
104.1
467.3
775.5
1145.3
1574.0
182.6

766.7
609.5
412.2
320.5
230.6
225.2
219.9
223.4
246.9
176.0

HC
GM/HR
114.0
207.3
178.5
171.0
171.7
208.0
204.6
187.7
168.2
170.0
127.8

239.9
253.5
279.2
294.6
299.7
313.4
334.8
332.3
354.9
94.2

h02
t^/HR
5C.8
185.0
341.7
669.4
903.9
1707.4
2760.2
2793.7
2857.9
3136.9
54.8

2668.1
2489.6
2155.4
1964.1
1044.9
5^6.7
A 89. 4
347.5
257.6
53.2

                                                                                                    00
                     ==23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE==
                        BSCO   3.8C GK/8HP-HR
                        8SHC   2.73 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSN02 13.19 GH/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0*421 L8/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTtC  IN  MOTORED  MODES
                ==TEST  CONOITIONS*=
                BAROMETER  741.5 MWHG
              HUM CITY   64 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 11.C "H2Q
WAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 17.0 MH20
     IML£T AIR TEMP. RANGE 73F - 85F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1165F

-------
TABLE A-13 INITIAL BASELINE  TEST NC. 3  FOR  ENGINE NC.  18.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM BHP LB/HR
600
1260
1260
1260
1260
1260
1260
1260
1260
1260
600

2100
2100
210C
2100
2100
2100
2100
210C
210C
600

0.0
4.. 3
13.0
34.1
52.8
105.3
158.3
172.7
193.8
210.6
0.0

231.1
212.7
169.5
173.5
115.6
58.0
41.6
24.8
4.6
O.C

421
S44
943
948
999
1072
1295
1344
145G
1552
416

24S6
2409
2301
2246
2C25
1757
1651
1607
1550
416

FUEL SMOKE
FLGh PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
2.5
7.6
1C.2
15.7
21.0
37.0
55.0
60.5
69.2
75.4
2.7

88.7
83.0
75.0
70.0
50.0
33.0
27.5
23.4
17.0
2.6

0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
2.0
3.0
6.0
9.0
1.0

2.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

CC
PPM
906
696
559
334
204
280
899
1502
2162
2616
859

721
594
407
303
244
268
270
293
360
814

HC
PPMC
1050
975
860
740
715
760
510
400
255
162
910

360
400
475
530
600
745
770
850
955
855

NCX
PPM
188
285
420
849
1312
2241
2903
2907
2822
2708
200

1515
1407
1278
1192
724
464
392
300
222
200

CO
GM/HR
167.3
287.9
230.8
139.0
89.2
131.8
510.8
884.5-
1374.0
1779.9
156.6

768.4
627.6
410.1
298.4
216.6
206.6
195.0
206.4
244.4
148.4

HC
GM/HR
97.3
202.4
178.4
154.4
157.1
179.3
145.4
118.3
81.3
55.3
83.3

197.7
212.0
240.4
261.8
267.3
287.9
279.6
300.4
325.6
78.3

NO 2
GM/HR
57.0
193.4
285.2
579.6
943.2
1729.9
2707.5
2812.3
2946.1
3027.3
59.9

2723.2
2440.7
2117.3
1927.3
1055.4
587.0
465.5
346.7
247.4
60.0

                    =»23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                        BSCO  3.74 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  2.34 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02 12.S8 GH/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.423 LB/BHP-HR

   ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                «TEST  CONDITIONS*""
                BAROMETER 741.0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY   61 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET  RESTRICTION 11.5 "K20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 17.0 "H20
     INLET AIR  TEMP.  RANGE 8CF - 86F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1190F
oo
N)

-------
TABLE A-14  INITIAL BASELINE  TEST NO.  1 FOR ENGINE NC. 19.
MOCE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE C
SPEED
RPM
60C
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
600

30CC
3000
300C
300C
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
600

3BSERVEO 1
POhER
BHP
0.5
2.9
11.3
25.1
35.2
70.4
105.1
115.2
129.0
140.3
0.5

174.2
160.5
157.1
130. 8
87.4
43.4
3C.6
13.7
3.4
0.2

EXHAUST
FLOk
LB/HR
347
1212
1214
1217
1221
1230
1240
1218
1224
12C1
346

1596
1590
1569
1575
1563
1555
1526
1522
1520
346

FUEL
FLOK 1
LB/HR (
3.2
13.0
15.0
18.5
22.0
31.5
41.5
45.0
51.0
54.5
3.2

72.0
66.0
65.0
56.5
44.5
36.0
32.5
24.0
22.0
3.2

SMOKE
>ERCEKT
DPACITY
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.5
1.7
2.5
3.3
6.0
10.0
1.5

7.7
6.6
6.0
4.5
3.3
3.5
3.3
3.0
2.7
1.5

CG
PPK
434
698
600
345
356
882
529
413
532
882
448

547
413
409
502
1197
870
538
372
556
439

HC
PPWC
501
925
680
398
863
1285
627
556
588
596
501

413
505
516
620
1470
4198
3810
596
800
604

NCX
PPM
190
81
132
290
394
546
892
1073
1269
1373
198

1033
926
910
673
390
291
273
154
105
193

CO
GM/HR
65.9
370.4
319.0
184.1
190.7
475.6
287.4
220.3
285.5
464.7
68.0

382.6
287.7
284.8
346.4
820.0
592.8
360.2
248.0
370.6
66.5

HC
GM/HR
38.2
246.6
181.6
106.6
231.7
347.7
171.1
149.0
158.3
157.5
38.1

145.0
176.6
180.4
214.9
505.6
1436.1
1279.0
199.6
267.6
45.9

N02
GM/HR
47.3
70.6
115.7
254.1
345.8
483.5
796.3
940.6
1118.3
1187.8
49.2

1186.9
1059.6
1041.5
763.2
438.5
325.9
300.0
168.9
115.0
47.9

                                                                                                   00
                                                                                                   u>
                    ==23 MODE CYCLE CGfPOSITE--
                        BSCO  5.17  GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  4.79  GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  7.14  GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.513  LB/BHP-HR

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  MODES
                ==TEST  CCNCITIONS==
                BAROMETER  737.1 MMHG
              HUMIDITY   98 GRAINS/LB
    KAX. INLET RESTRICTION 14.5 «F20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 31.9 «h20
     IKLET AIR TEHP. RANGE 76F - 80F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1137F

-------
TABLE A-15 INITIAL BASELINE TEST NC. 2 FOR ENGINE  NC.  19.
MGCE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
2C
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED PQhER FLOW
RPM BHP LB/HR
600
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
220C
2200
600

300 0
3000
300C
3000
3000
3 COO
3000
300C
3000
600

0.5
2.9
11.3
25.1
35.2
70.4
105.1
115.2
129.0
140.3
0.5

173.6
160.5
142.8
130.8
87.4
43.4
30.8
13.7
3.4
0.2

346
12C6
12CS
1213
1216
1226
1236
1210
1214
1195
346

15S1
1581
1574
157C
1559
1551
1521
1512
1511
347

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.2
13.0
14.5
18.5
21.5
31.0
41.5
44.5
49.0
55.0
3.2

71.5
66.5
59.5
56.0
44.5
36.5
32.0
23.5
22.0
3.2

1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
2.7
2.7
4.9
9.0
1.0

7.1
5.5
3.5
3.3
2.7
2.2
2.0
1.5
1.1
1.0

CO
pp*
444
697
621
359
365
888
543
404
492
1020
457

538
430
434
511
1401
1052
573
428
576
482

HC
PPMC
548
927
653
411
935
1330
588
495
548
552
524

532
475
556
637
1482
4415
4190
612
870
660

f\CX
PPM
206
94
156
292
402
553
876
1013
1210
1281
188

1018
883
739
644
363
285
266
153
114
189

CC
GM/HR
67.2
369.3
329.0
190.7
194.8
477.3
294.0
214.0.
261.8
534.1
69.3

375.2
297.7
299.4
351.8
956.9
714.9
382.1
283.7
381.7
73.3

HC
GM/HR
41.7
246.3
173.7
109.7
250.2
358.7
159.9
131.7
146.4
145.1
39.9

186.2
165.2
192.5
220.0
508.2
1506.2
1401.8
203.6
289.2
50.4

N02
GM/HR
51.2
81.9
135.4
255.4
352.3
488.0
779.9
882.3
1058.1
1101.7
46.8

1165.6
1005.3
637.8
728.1
406.9
318.4
291.5
167.0
124.2
47.2

                     =*23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                        8SCO  5.50 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SHC  5.C7 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  6.89 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.512 L8/BHP-HR
   ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                =*TEST  CONDITION5*=
                BAROMETER 737.2 NMHG
              HUMIDITY  101 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 15.0 "K2C
MAX. EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 31.9 "h20
     INLET AIR TEMP.  RANGE 76F - 81F
            MAX. EXHAUST  TEMP. 1136F
oo

-------
TAELE A-16 FINAL BASELINE  TEST  FOB ENGINE NO. 19.
WGGE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POKER FLOW
RPM BHP LB/HR
600
2200
2200
220C
2200
2200
220C
2200
2200
2200
600

3CCC
3000
3000
3COO
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
600

0.5
2.5
1C.9
24.3
33.9
67.9
101.4
111.0
124.4
137.0
0.5

171.4
157.7
140.5
128.5
85.7
42.8
30.8
13.7
3.4
0.3

370
1178
1176
11SC
1158
1168
1177
1180
1159
1165
370

1532
1498
1487
148?
1504
1467
1464
1432
142S
370

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
2.5
12.0
14.0
18.0
21.5
31.0
40.0
43.0
48.0
54.0
2.5

72.0
63.5
58.0
55. C
44.0
33.0
29.5
23.5
20.0
2.5

1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.6
2.2
3.3
4.4
8.8
15.4
1.1

8.8
4.9
3.3
3.3
2.8
2.8
2.2
1.0
1.1
1.1

CO
pp*
560
640
569
304
316
1112
701
613
1031
1741
460

752
342
375
435
1239
680
396
326
420
504

HC
PPMC
489
580
484
316
892
1189
594
508
594
633
446

240
336
403
460
1131
2378
1947
387
512
483

NOX
PPM
196
113
171
504
537
572
923
1048
1187
1333
200

1086
1012
825
733
435
347
322
196
131
184

CO
GM/HR
90.9
330.2
293.3
157.4
160.2
569.0
361.5
316.9
524.0
888.8
74.6

504.6
224.4
244.4
283.9
816.9
437.4
254.1
204.5
262.9
81.8

HC
GM/HR
39.8
150.3
125.2
82.0
227.3
305.4
153.8
131.8
151.5
162.2
36.3

80.9
110.7
131.9
150.7
374.1
767.5
626.9
121.9
160.9
39.3

NO 2
GM/HR
52.2
96.2
144.5
428.0
447.4
480.8
781.5
890.4
990.8
1118.3
53.4

1197.7
1091.5
883.6
786.0
471.1
366.7
339.0
201.6
134.6
49.1

                                                                                                   oo
                                                                                                   Ul
                     ==23  MODE  CYCLE CCKPGSITE=*
                        BSCO   5.21 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   3.26 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSN02   7.74 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  C.5C5 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED MCDES
                ==TEST  CONCITIONS==
                BAROMETER  742.5 MMHG
              HUMIDITY   52 GRAINS/LB
    KAX. INLET RESTRICTION 16.0 «k20
fcAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 31.9 "H20
     INLFT AIR TEMP. RANGE 80F - 85F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1146F

-------
TABLE A-17 INITIAL BASELINE TEST KG. 1 FOR  ENGINE  NO,  20,
MODE
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POKER FLCW
RPM 8HP LB/HR
60C
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
600

2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
240 C
2400
2400
6CC

0.0
5.3
21.3
48.0
66.4
132.7
198.9
217.5
243.9
266.6
0.0

287.9
265.0
236.2
216.1
143.9
72.2
51.6
22.6
5.9
0.0

524
1357
1356
1410
1468
1643
1866
1926
2C82
2288
517

4166
3913
3753
3634
3C4£
2447
2343
21S2
2138
513

FUEL SMOKE
FLCh PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.0
13.1
16.5
24.3
30.5
53.5
75.2
82.4
93.0
104.0
2.8

137.0
121.4
112.0
104.8
78.4
50.4
45.0
36.0
31.6
3.C

0.6
0.2
0.5
0.6
0.5
2.3
3.3
5.0
7.4
8.8
0.6

2.5
2.6
2.4
2.7
6.1
5.0
5.5
3.3
1.6
0.6

CC
PP*
1357
676
546
354
280
260
467
741
1367
1676
1204

503
334
253
224
260
302
316
328
342
1138

HC
PPMC
1303
1134
971
821
782
808
697
619
280
239
1088

358
560
678
717
808
984
1075
1219
1325
1173

KCX
PPM
134
337
517
858
1058
1603
2249
2289
2314
2381
146

1453
1322
1175
1062
637
442
377
294
252
175

CO
GM/HR
311.9
401.9
324.7
218.9
179.9
187.4
382.6
625.7
1247.7
1680.8
273.0

919.0
573,1
416.8
356.6
346.7
323.7
324.7
314.9
320.9
255.8

HC
GM/HR
150.3
338.6
289.7
254.8
252.5
292.1
286.4
262.3
128.3
120.3
123.8

328.1
499.3
559.8
573.2
541.8
529.8
554.1
587.9
623.3
132.3

NO 2
GM/HR
50.6
329.3
505.0
870.9
1117.7
1896.1
3024.8
3174.3
3469.9
3923.2
54.3

4359.1
3723.4
3175.1
2779.4
1398.2
779.1
636.7
464.5
388.6
64.5

                      = 23 MODE CYCLE CCMPGSITE'
                        8SCO  3.73 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  3.53 GM/8HP-HR
                       BSN02 14.13 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSFC 0.502 LB/8HP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MOOES
                =»TEST  CONDITIONS-*
                BAROMETER 744*0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY   68 GRAINS7LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 20.0 WK20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 16.0 "K2G
     INLET AIR TEMP.  RANGE 82F - 91F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1040F
00

-------
T/^LE A-18  INITIAL  BASELINE  TEST NO. 2 FCf> ENGINE NC. 20.
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POKER FLOW
;-,... oL RPM 8HP LB/HR
1
2
2
H
•j
6
?
P
v
10
11
12*
13
l*t
15
'it-
17
la
i'-i
2U
2 I
22
600
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
140C
600

240C
240C
2400
2400
240C
2400
2400
240C
240C
600
0.7
5.6
21.9
49.3
68.8
137.3
206.1
225.2
252.7
274.6
0.7

292.5
268.7
239.4
219.3
146.2
73.1
52.6
23.3
5.9
0.7
529
1316
1321
1385
1366
1616
1950
1956
2C10
2173
527

4284
4201
3954
3643
3355
2707
2546
2363
2275
527
FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.0
11.9
16.5
24.9
29.5
53.5
?£. 0
83.2
92.5
101.5
3.0

138.7
134.0
116.6
109.2
64.0
53.5
47.5
39.1
35.0
3.0
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.7
3.3
4.0
5.5
7.5
6.5
0.6

3.0
4.0
3.5
3.5
6.6
5.5
6.0
4.0
1.8
0.5
CO
1603
890
676
449
364
346
441
873
1653
2076
1491

532
528
309
263
290
323
343
345
351
1313
HC
PPMC
1445
1140
880
712
651
702
621
421
280
187
1119

305
310
407
445
539
611
661
748
748
1608
fVCX
PPM
106
311
498
863
1141
1705
2410
2439
2419
2459
125

1522
1410
1269
1100
682
453
375
296
259
144
CO
GM/HR
371.6
513.8
391.7
272.6
221.3
244.8
376.9
748.2
1456.0
1977.9
344.5

998.7
971.9
535.5
442.5
426.9
383.7
383.2
360.4
349.7
303.4
HC
GM/HR
168.2
330.1
255.7
217.0
198.4
249.6
266.5
181.1
123.8
89.4
129.8

287.5
286.5
354.0
376.3
397.9
363.8
370.2
392.1
374.4
186.5
N02
CM/HR
40.3
294.4
473.8
860.8
1138.0
1984.1
3383.7
3434.6
3501.0
3847.4
47.5

4693.4
4263.8
3612.9
3C43.9
1646.6
883.0
686.7
508.5
424.9
54.8
                                                                                                    oo
                     ==23  MODE CYCLE CC*PCSITE==
                        8SCO  4.63 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SHC  2.72 GK/BHP-HR
                        8SN02 15.05 GK/BHP-HR
                        BSFC C.512 LB/BHP-HR
   ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED NUDES
                ==TEST  CCNCITIONS==
                BAROMETER 743.4 MMHG
              HUMIDITY   64 GRAINS/LB
    KAX. INLET RESTRICTION 20.5 «K20
WAX. EXHAUST 6ACK  PRESSURE 17.0 "t-20
     INLET AIR TEMP.  RANGE 78F - 80F
                 EXHAUST TEMP. 1064F

-------
TABLE A-19 FINAL BASELINE  TEST FOR ENGINE NO. 20,
MODE
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
IS
20
21
22
22*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEEL POWER FLOW
RPM BMP LB/HR
600
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
600

2400
2400
2400
2400
240C
240C
2400
2400
2400
60C

C.C
5.. 3
21.3
49.3
68.0
135.9
203.9
222.6
250.6
269.2
C.O

301.6
276.5
246.8
226.2
150.8
75.4
49.8
24.2
5.9
C.O

525
1364
1368
1372
1429
1711
18<33
1996
2109
2169
526

4C63
3847
3710
3484
2992
2570
2418
2238
2140
526

FUEL S*OKE
FLCk FfcRCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.2
13.5
17.?»
25.0
31.5
57.0
79.5
86.0
96.0
105.0
3.3

138.0
125.0
116. C
105.0
79.0
54.5
47.5
35.5
32. C
3.3

0.5
0.5
0.5
1.1
1.1
2.2
3.0
4.4
6.5
8.2
0.5

3.3
4.4
4.4
4.4
7.7
7.0
8.0
3.3
2.5
0.5

CC
PP*
1760
765
595
376
284
251
534
930
1655
2068
1782

507
382
317
245
268
315
339
350
378
1691

HC
PPNC
1436
1055
895
746
712
729
646
563
271
221
1282

326
414
497
574
652
740
817
922
1011
1149

NOX
PPH
86
339
553
996
1236
1814
2528
2626
2654
2592
92

1699
1570
1404
1286
819
552
443
377
311
100

CO
GH/HR
405.4
457.8
357.0
225.8
177.7
188.6
442.9
813.8
1529.3
1965.7
410.6

902.3
643.4
515.7
373.8
351.0
354.6
359.1
343.7
354.7
389.6

HC
GH/HR
166.0
316.7
269.4
225.1
223.9
274.5
269.1
247.3
125,7
105.4
148.2

291.4
350.4
405.6
44C.O
429.1
418.4
434.6
454.0
476.0
132.9

N02
GH/HR
32.4
333,4
544.7
983.3
1271.5
2234.7
3445.6
3774.5
4029.4
4047.8
34.9

4970.4
4349.9
3749.7
3225.1
1763.7
1021.7
771.6
607.6
478.6
37.7

                      =23 MODE CYCLE  COMPOSITE**
                        8SCO  4.23 Gfc/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  2.90 GK/8HP-HR
                       BSNC2 15.«8 Gfc/BHP-HR
                        8SFC 0.499 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MCDES
                »=TEST CONDITIONS"*
                 BAROMETER 743.0 HMHG
               HUMIDITY  59 GRAINS/LB
    MAX.  INLET  RESTRICTION 19.5 «H20
HAX. EXHAUST  BACK  PRESSURE 22.0 "H20
     INLET  AIR  TEMP. RANGE 79F -  83F
            MAX.  EXHAUST TEMP. 1095F
00
CO

-------
TA8LF A-2C INITIAL BASELINE  TEST NC.  1 f'CR ENGJr" NC. 21.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
1?
16
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE (
SPEFD
RPM
700
1500
15CO
1450
1550
1600
1450
1600
I4i>0
145C
70C

2100
2100
2100
21CC
210C
2 IOC
2100
21UO
2100
7CG

3BSERVEO (
POKER
BHP
0.1
4.0
15.7
34.0
51.4
105.4
134.2
172.7
173.7
187.7
0.5

238.3
219.1
195.5
178.7
11S.2
59.6
42.8
15.2
4.8
0.4

rXHALST
FLGfc
L6/HH
643
1419
1418
1470
1477
1523
1384
149g
1348
1408
687

1981
1915
1897
18<36
1916
1955
1949
1S24
1983
682

FUEL
FLOW F
LB/Hh £
3.5
9.0
12.5
18. j
25.3
39.0
48.5
65. 0
67.0
76.0
3.e>

104.0
88.0
76.0
75. C
51. 0
34. C
28.0
15.t>
18.C
3.5

SMOKE
>ERCEM
1PACITY
1.0
1.0
2.0
2.0
2.5
5.0
4.5
5.5
6.0
10.0
1.0

19.8
12.0
9.0
8.5
6.5
5.0
4.5
2.5
2.0
1.0

CO
PPP
132
148
156
150
161
175
236
669
i&60
2948
125

1474
1322
523
423
216
204
187
182
224
106

HC
P^M:
189
196
130
10 o
123
101
a?
lO'j
53
38
152

76
3'+
94
105
96
1r\ i;
\J ^
103
134
217
173

NGX
PPM
98
115
154
242
321
635
1150
1326
1606
1780
98

1138
1020
873
783
460
260
210
149
122
86

CO
GM/HR
37.1
92.1
97.0
96.7
104.4
117.0
143.5
439.5
980.8
1819.0
37.5

1280.1
1109.5
435.1
351.5
181.0
174.4
160.1
153.5
194.5
31.7

HC
GM/hR
26.7
61.2
40.5
34.9
40.0
33.8
26.5
34.6
15.7
11.8
23.0

33.1
22.7
39.2
43.8
41.3
45.2
46.3
56.7
94.7
26.0

N02
GM/HR
45.5
117.6
157.0
256.3
341.5
695.7
1146.4
1430.3
1558.1
1803.9
48.6

1623.4
1406.2
1192.5
1068.9
633.9
366.7
294.3
206.1
174.1
42.0

                                                                                                    oo
                     ==23 MODE  CYCLE  COMPOSITE-
                        BSCO   3.20 GK/6HP-HR
                        8SHC   0.47 GM/3HP-HR
                       8SN02   6.79 GK/BHP-HR
                        8SFC  0.445 Lfl/BHP-HR
   ENGINE NUT TESTED IN MOTORED  KCOES
                "TfcST  CONDITIONS^
                BAROMETER 744.4 «HHG
              HUMIDITY  105 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 25.0 "H20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 41.0 "H20
     IMLFT AIR TfHP. RANGE 75F - 90F
            MAX. EXHAUST  TEMP. 1353F

-------
TABLE A-21 INITIAL BASELINE TEST KC. 2 FOR ENGINE NC. 21.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE i
SPEED
RPM
700
1550
1550
1550
1550
1500
1550
1550
1550
155C
700

2100
2050
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
700

OBSERVED {
POWER
BHP
0.4
4.1
17.1
36.9
53.1
97.7
152.0
167.6
186.2
202.5
0.4

241.9
,217.4
198.3
178.3
121.2
>•.# 60.4
• 44.0
20.0
3.6
0.8

EXHAUST
FLOW
LB/HR
693
1519
1522
1527
1532
1488
1503
1460
1466
1475
688

1929
1913
1913
1892
1927""
1961
1957
1949
1996
688

FUEL
FLOW (
LB/HR (
3.5
12.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
37.0
57.0
65.0
71.0
80.0
3.5

104.0
88.0
82.0
72.0
51.0
35.0
25.0
23.0
20.0
3.5

SMOKE
»ERCLMT
3PACITY
1.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
3.0
3.8
4.5
6.5
9.0
12.0
1.5

17.5
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.5
4.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
1.5

CC
PPM
119
182
169
163
158
183
371
833
1910
2853
115

1512
1235
619
354
220
203
201
197
228
102

HC
PPMC
196
221
145
130
126
122
133
107
61
48
158

65
52
86
101
92
107
109
148
240
183

NCX
PPM
95
113
151
263
369
689
1220
1393
1708
1918
113

1323
1263
1022
956
531
306
248
207
156
108

CO
GM/HR
36.1
121.2
112.5
108.8
105.8
119.5
244.6
533.2
1227.7
1844.9
34.6

1279.2
1036.0
519.2
293.2
186.1
174.8
172.2
168.4
199.7
30.8

HC
GM/HR
29.9
73.9
48.6
43.7
42.5
39.9
44.0
34.4
19.7
15.6
23.9

27.6
21.9
36.2
42.0
39.0
46.2
46.9
63.5
105.4
27.7

N02
GM/Hft
47.6
123.2
165.0
289.2
406.8
737.8
1320.2
1464.2
1802.8
2036.8
56.1

1838.6
1740.7
1408.4
1302.0
736.5
432.4
349.0
290.2
223.8
53.5

                    *=23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE**
                        BSCO  3.26 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SHC  0.50 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  7.62 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.448 LB/8HP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                ==TEST  CONDITIONS"
                BAROMETER 741.5 MMHG
              HUMIDITY   97 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 25.5 "K20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 35.0 MH20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 75F - 87F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1330F
VO
O

-------
TABLE A-22 FINAL BASELINE  TEST FOR ENGINE NO. 21.
MODE
1
2
3
*
5
6
7
8
3
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
IS
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED
SPEED POWER
RPH BHP
700
1550
1550
155C
1550
1550
1550
1550
1550
1550
700

2100
2100
2100 /
2100
2100
2100
210C
2100
2100
700

0*3
4*1
1ft. 2
36.3
51.4
102.1
143.4
167.3
185.6
201.6
0.3

237.9
219.1
195.5
178.7
119.2
59.6
42.6
19.2
4.8
0.3

EXHAUST
FLCfe
LB/HH
637
1470
1474
147$
1482
1452
1465
1474
1478
I486
637

1960
1943
1938
1930
1963
1931
1985
1984
. i960
637

FUEL
FLOW
L6/HR
3.5
12.0
16.0
21.0
24.0
41.0
54.0
63.5
72.0
80.0
3.5

102.0
91.0
80.0
72.0
54.0
34.0
31.0
24.0
20.0
3.5

SMOKE
PERCENT
OPACITY
, 0.8
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
3.2
5.0
8.5
13.2
1.0

15.5
11.0
9.0
8.0
6.5
3.5
2.5
2.0
2.0
1.0

CC
PPM
128
199
181
171
170
190
260
680
1976
3228
128

1938
1254
533
320
245
246
252
254
259
128

HC
PPHC
204
236
157
129
126
121
123
123
84
62
202

63
60
89
101
111
132
150
173
208
199

NOX
PPM
120
150
220
315
385
792
1357
1799
2124
2291
130

1534
1430
1227
1061
650
352
304
222
184
130

CO
GK/HR
35.6
128.0
116.9
110.8
110.5
121.1
167.2
439.3
1280.6
2103.0
35.6

1664.9
1068.2
452.6
270.8
211.1
208.1
219.0
220.6
224.5
35.6

HC
GM/HR
28.6
76.3
50.9
42.0
41.1
38.6
39.6
39.9
27.3
20.3
26.3

27.2
25.6
37.9
42.9
47.9
56.1
65.5
75.5
90.6
27.9

N02
GM/HR
55.2
158.2
233.5
335.4
411.0
828.3
1431.3
1909.1
2260.9
2451.0
59.8

2164.6
2000.9
1712.6
1474.7
919.1
489.1
434.8
317.8
261.9
59.8

                                                                                                   v£>
                     ==23  NODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                        BSCO  3.42 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSHC  0.54 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  9.33 GH/BHP^HR
                        BSFC 0.463 LB/8HP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED *CDES
                        CCNOITIONS==
                BAROMETER  742.5 HMHG
              HUMIDITY   60 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 27.5 "K20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 38.0 «H20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 77F - 83F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1320F

-------
                                                        92
APPENDIX B. -- BASELINE DATA FOR HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE
                ENGINES WITH PARAMETERS ADJUSTED TO
                   MANUFACTURERS' SPECIFICATIONS
                          (23-MODE CYCLE)

-------
TAELE 6-1   INITIAL  BASELINE TEST NO. 1 FOR ENGINE NO. 22.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POKER VACUUM FLOW
MGCE RPM BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
ie
19
20
21
22
23*
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
700

c.c
1.5
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
46.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.6
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.8
O.C

17.5
18.5
16.0
16.2
14.9
11.6
e.c
6.3
4.9
3.3
17.9

1.7
4.6
7.0
fi.5
12.7
16.5
17.5
1S.C
19.9
18.1

74
135
140
172
205
228
299
325
341
376
73

778
708
625
582
445
319
288
241
219
78

FUEL I
FLOh
L8/HR
4.9
7.9
8.2
9.8
11.7
14.5
18*4
20.3
21.9
24.0
4.9

49.1
45.9
39.4
36.8
28.3
20.2
18.1
15.2
13.8
4.9

GMTICN
TIWING
CEG ETC
-1.0
11.5
10.5
11.5
10.5
11.5
9.5
6.5
7.0
7.0
-1.0

13.5
13.5
10.5
17.0
19.0
19.5
18.5
18,5
18.5
-1.0

CC
FCT
1.72
0.17
0.16
O.L4
0.13
0.48
0.16
0.26
0.53
0.57
1.99

0.81
1.19
0.53
0.53
0.52
0.50
0.46
0.47
0.12
0.21

HC
PPKC
2175
650
686
800
1000
2000
1825
1750
2025
2000
2250

170
380
950
1250
1200
650
450
330
520
2150

NOX** CC
PPM GM/HR
79
99
132
215
360
1085
1832
1719
1726
1832
36

1463
1298
1823
1889
1342
583
422
227
170
79

583.2
109.0
105.0
106.7
124.5
518.8
234.5
398.4
664.4
1036.2
673.4

2996.0
3981.7
1590.6
1510.2
1125.6
784.8
645.5
547.6
131.8
80.7

HC
GM/HR
36.5
20.4
22.3
31.8
48.3
107.0
129.5
133.4
163.4
178.8
37.7

31.0
63.1
142.1
174.7
129.1
50.2
31.1
19.2
28.1
41.3

NO 2
GM/HR
4.4
10.3
14.3
28.3
60.8
192.5
431.4
435.1
462.1
543.6
4.8

886.6
715.2
905.4
876.7
479.3
149.4
96.6
43.8
30.3
5.C

*  ENGINE NOT  TESTED
** NCX FOR  THIS  TEST
==23  MODE  CYCLE CCKPCSITE'
   BSCO 31.05 GM/BHP-HR
   6SHC   2.41 GH/BHP-HR
   BSN02   9.38 GM/BHP-HR
   BSFC 0.643 LB/6HP-HR
 IN MOTORED MODES
 MAS  MEASURED BY NDIR.
                                                                     ==TEST  CONDITIONS"
                                                                     BAROMETER 747.8 MMHG
                                                                   HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
                                                         IKLET  AIR TEMP.  RANGE 78F - 86F
                                                                 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1475F

-------
TABLE 6-2  INITIAL BASELINE TEST NO. Z FOR ENGINE  NO.  22,
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POKER VACUUM FLOW
MODE ' RPM BKP «HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200.
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
700

C.O
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

17.6
17.9
17.8
16.1
14.9
12.4
7.6
6.2
4.5
3.1
17.7

1.6
3.6
6.8
8.3
12.5
16.3
17.1
18.6
19.7
17.8

74
127
140
170
188
228
298
319
344
364
75

781
716
639
585
445
321
298
245
212
73

FUEL IGNITIOK
FLOW TIM KG CC
LB/HR DEC BTC PCT
4.9
7.5
8.2
9.7
11.5
14.4
18.3
20.2
22.0
23,3
5.0

49.3
46.1
41.1
36.9
28.2
20.3
18.7
15.4
13.5
4.8

-1.0
11.5
10.5
11.5
10.5
11.5
9.5
6.5
7.0
7.0
-1.0

13.5
13.5
10.5
17.0
19.0
19.5
16.5
18.5
18.5
-1.0

1.77
0.19
0.16
0.13
0.65
0.39
0.15
0.34
0.46
0.57
1.94

0.85
1.01
0.84
0.52
0.47
0.50
0.46
0.46
0.62
1.64

HC
PP«C
1900
675
675
725
1325
1700
1625
1625
1725
1750
1975

225
250
900
1075
1075
635
475
310
350
1825

NOX** CO
PPM GM/HR
89
108
158
240
477
1172
1920
1771
1874
1959
88

1583
1302
1784
2031
1511
675
495
277
187
80

573.6
108.2
102.3
101.4
561.6
4O7.4
206.5
509.7
743.7
970.0
634.9

3156.4
3381.7
2564.2
1448.6
998.5
767.8
654.7
539.9
622.9
544.6

HC
GM/HR
30.5
19.0
21.1
27.5
56.6
88.7
112.4
119.7
137.0
147.3
31.9

41.1
41.4
135.8
146.8
112.7
47.9
33.4
17.9
17.4
30.0

NO 2
GM/HR
4.7
10.0
16.3
30.2
67.5
203.2
441.0
433.0
494.3
547.4
4.7

959.4
715.4
893.2
920.5
525.6
168.9
115.3
53.1
30.9
4.3

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED
** NCX FOR THIS TEST
==23  MODE  CYCLE  COMPOSITE'
   BSCO 32.77 GM/BHP-HR
   BSHC   2.10 GM/BHP-HR
   BSN02   9.79 GM/BHP-HR
   8SFC 0.647 L8/BHP-HR
 IN MOTORED MODES
 MAS  MEASURED BY NOIR.
                                                                    «=TEST CONDITIONS^
                                                                    BAROMETER 739.9 MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY  55 GRAINS/LB
                                                         INLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 78F -  €2F
                                                                MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1494F

-------
TABLE 8-3  INITIAL BASELINE  TEST  NO.  3 FCR ENGINE NC. 22.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POKER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BHP »HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
700

0.3
1.0
. 3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.6
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

18.4
19.4
18.5
16.5
15.3
12.9
8.3
6.6
5.3
3.7
18.3

1.9
4.6
7.2
8.6
12.9
16.7
17.7
19.2
20.2
18.5

76
133
139
168
189
226
300
326
349
369
76

790
711
628
578
455
325
293
246
218
77

FUEL IGMTICN
FLOW TIMING
LB/HR OEG BTC
5.0
7.9
8.2
9.7
10.7
14.4
18.4
20.1
22.3
23.5
5.1

50.0
46.2
39.6
36.5
28.8
20.4
18.3
15.4
13.8
5.1

-1.0
11.5
10.5
11.5
10.5
11.5
9.5
6.5
7.0
7.0
-1.0

13.5
13.5
10.5
17.0
19.0
19.5
18.5
13.5
18.5
-1.0

CG
PCT
1.82
0.23
0.17
0.13
0.13
0.53
0.14
0.16
0.45
0.43
2.02

0.97
1.26
0.49
0.47
0.41
0.46
0.42
0.43
0.55
1.67

HC
PPMC
2160
875
825
900
930
1980
1710
1560
1920
1890
2085

305
430
960
1170
1065
630
460
320
310
1850

NOX** CO
PPM GM/HR
80
98
144
238
304
1087
1894
1839
1625
1994
86

1474
1275
1885
1986
1441
658
479
274
194
87

606.7
139.6
108.6
103.8
108.7
563.9
200.9
240.3
738.6
741.1
690.2

3581.5
4196.7
1463.7
1291.4
895.0
710.7
585.7
504.3
570.1
588.0

HC
GM/HR
35.7
26.7
26.2
34.6
38.5
103.3
119.3
117.2
156.4
161.4
35.3

55.9
70.8
141.5
158.9
113.7
48.4
31.7
18.5
15.9
32.2

N02
GM/HR
4.3
9.9
15.1
30.3
41.7
188.3
438.4
458.9
493.8
565.6
4.8

897.2
696.9
922.2
895.7
511.0
167.7
109.6
52.7
32.8
5.0

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED
** NCX FOR THIS TEST
==23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE'
   8SCO 32.47 GM/BHP-HR
   BSHC  2.32 GM/8HP-HR
   8SN02  9.56 GM/BHP-HR
   BSFC 0.646 L8/BHP-HR
 IN MOTORED MODES
 hAS  MEASURED BY NDIR.
                                                                    =*TEST CONDITIONS***
                                                                    BAROMETER  752.3 MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
                                                         IKLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 77F - 79F
                                                                MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1462F
VO

-------
TABLE B-4  FINAL BASELINE  TEST NO.  1
                           ENGINE  KG.  22.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD ESHACST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOh
MOCE KPM BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
715

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
715

0.0
l.C
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.C
0.0

16.6
18.1
17.0
15.1
14.0
11.4
6.8
5.1
3.7
2.4
16.3

1.0
2.6
5.1
6.9
11.3
15.4
16.3
17.9
18.9
16.4

82
120
137
172
186
223
292
309
341
360
79

766
713
638
587
437
326
291
245
207
80

FUEL IGMTICN
FLQte TIMING CC
LB/HR DEG 8TC PCT
5.3
7.3
8.1
9.8
10.6
14.3
18.2
20.1
22.2
23.4
5.1

49.1
46.3
42.1
37.3
27.9
20.7
18.3
15.4
13.2
5.1

0.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
7.5
7.5
7.5
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
0.0

0.73
0.27
0.17
0.13
0.12
0.57
0.17
0.64
0.72
0.72
0.75

1.01
1.14
1.27
0.42
0.53
0.55
0.48
0.45
0.30
0.52

HC
PPMC
1350
850
725
740
830
1800
1670
1810
1900
1850
1350

450
400
1100
1200
1150
650
450
300
160
1250

NOX
PPM
ao
97
130
196
287
1080
1898
1524
1598
1720
86

1581
1343
1445
1984
1360
565
416
235
162
75

CO
GM/HR
267.3
146.0
103.3
98.1
100.8
589.8
224.5
93 4.1
1145.9
1220.8
269.0

3633.9
3834.8
3776.4
1169.7
1094.7
855.8
665.3
526.1
310.5
192.0

HC
GM/HR
24.5
22.6
22.0
28.5
34.4
91.7
111.7
130.5
149.4
154.9
24.1

80.3
66.3
162.1
164.9
116.6
SO. 2
30.8
17.3
8.1
22.9

NO 2
GM/HR
4.8
8,5
13.1
25.0
39.3
182.6
421.7
364.7
417.0
478.1
5.1

935.8
739.1
707.3
904.7
465.7
144.6
94.2
44.9
27.4
4.6

*  ENGINE NOT
      ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
          BSCO 33.21 GM/BHP-HR
          BSHC  2.24 GM/BHP-HR
         BSN02  9.05 GM/BHP-HR
          BSFC 0.649 LB/BHP-HR
TESTED IN MOTORED KCDES
                                                                     ==TEST CONDITIONS**
                                                                     BAROMETER 742.4 MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY  55 GRAINS/LB
                                                         INLET AIR TEMP.  RANGE 75F -  78F
                                                                MAX.  EXHAUST TEMP. 1472F

-------
TABLE 8-5  FINAL BASELINE  TEST  NO.  2 FOR ENGINE NO. 22.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLCfc
MODE RP« BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
a
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
730
120C
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
720

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
23CC
2300
2300
715

0.0
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
46.5
0.0

96.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

16.6
16.1
16.7
14.6
13.8
10.9
6.5
4.9
3.1
1.3
16.5

1.0
2.3
5.1
6.9
11.3
15.3
16.4
17.9
18.8
16.5

84
122
146
179
195
234
305
329
354
369
80

778
716
643
600
455
333
292
246
212
78

FUEL IGNITICIV
FLOW TIMING
LB/HR DEG BTC
5.5
7.2
8.5
10.1
11.0
14.8
18.9
21.2
22.9
23.9
5.2

50.1
46.6
42.5
38.1
29.1
21.2
13.4
15.5
13.6
5.0

1.0
11.0
12.0
12.5
11.0
11.0
11.0
7.5
7.5
8.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
19.0
0.0

CO
PCT
1.08
0.17
0.14
0.13
0.13
0.35
0.15
0.51
0.63
0.92
0.85

1.01
1.10
1.22
0.41
0.51
0.55
0.46
0.44
0.44
0.68

HC
PP*C
1540
aao
650
710
790
1500
1530
1650
I/ JO
1650
1425

560
3 'JO
1030
1085
1050
680
'••bk)
330
650
1250

NOX
PP#
59
85
122
190
286
1149
1930
1617
1716
1680
73

1623
1196
1374
1902
1295
564
395
235
153
74

CO
G-4/HR
4>»7.7
106.5
102.6
116.9
121.3
421.9
239.8
256.9
1141.3
1719.1
341.7

4060.5
4021.7
4097.6
1288.7
1214.6
961.3
712.1
570.2
496.0
266.9

HC
GM/HR
31.7
26.6
22.9
31.1
37.5
89.0
118.0
136.7
153.1
152.6
28.2

111.4
54.4
170.6
168.2
123.2
58.3
34.8
21.1
36.6
24.2

NO 2
GM/HR
4.0
8.4
14.2
27.5
45.0
226.3
494.1
444.8
512.8
515.8
4.7

1072.0
720.6
755.2
978.4
504.5
160.7
99.4
49.9
28.5
4.7

*  ENGINE NOT
      ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
          BSCC 35.79 GM/BHP-HR
          BSHC  2.36 GM/BHP-HR
         8SN02  9.8C GK/BHP-HR
          6SFC 0.662 LB/BHP-HR
TESTED IN MOTORED MOOES
                                                                     ==TEST  CONDITIONS**
                                                                     BAROMETER 743.2 MMHG
                                                                   HUMIDITY   55 GRAINS/LB
                                                         INLET  AIR TEMP.  RANGE 71F - 75F
                                                                WAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 14S1F
VO

-------
TABLE 8-6  INITIAL BASELINE TEST NCo E FOR ENGINE  NO*  23<
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD 'EXHAL'SI
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLGte
MODE RPM 8HP «HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
755

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
23CO
2300
2300
760

0.0
l.C
4.1
9,2
12.8
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
S3. 9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

17.7
1902
18*6
17.4
16.0
10.1
5.2
4.4
2.5
1.5
18.1

2.0
3.6
4.8
5.4
10.4
16.0
17.7
19.0
20.2
16.4

76
102
112
129
145
229
303
309
336
349
77

709
652
614
606
452
296
254
215
185
75

FUEL IGfclTIOM
FLOW TlfUNG CO
L8/HR OE6 8TC PCT
4.7
6-6
6.9
7e8
8.7
13.5
19.5
21.5
23.5
24«4
4.8

48.1
44.0
41.0
38.1
27.2
18.0
15.9
12.8
10.9
4.6

4.0
13.0
18.0
30.0
30.0
18.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
5.0

20.0
20.0
20.0
19.5
29.5
39.5
40.0
39.0
38.0
5.5

0.65
0.53
0.53
0.23
0.12
0.10
0,78
2.57
2.78
2.79
0.81

2.00
1.92
1.70
0.77
0.26
0.22
0.19
0.18
0.16
0.30

HC
PPMC
1375
725
1200
1920
1980
1670
1975
2500
2550
2480
1225

1750
1700
1200
1065
1150
1500
930
520
325
990

NCX
PPM
40
57
102
439
880
1484
1485
947
1045
1248
45

1807
1832
1813
1864
2078
1570
1034
425
214
35

CO
GM/HR
223.5
267,3,0
283.2
146*0
83.8
99.3
1091.7
3650.1
4312.4
4580*3
288.4

6674.7
5881.4
4899.0
2198.7
557.0
305.4
242.9
186.6
133.6
104.7

HC
GM/HR
23.2
18ol
32.0
59.9
67.3
86.<0
136.4
175.5
195.6
201.7
21.6

289.3
258.1
171.1
151.2
122.7
104.5
57.9
26.0
13.8
16.9

N02
GM/HR
2.2
4.?
9.0
45.4
99.3
253.7
340.3
220.8
265.9
336.8
2.6

991.5
923.8
858.2
878.9
736.2
362.9
213.8
70.5
30.0
1.9

*  ENGINE NOT
      ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
          BSCO 45.23 GM/8HP-HR
          BSHC  3.C2 GM/BHP-HR
         8SN02 10.33 GM/8HP-HR
          BSFC C.5S3 LB/BHP-HR
TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                                                         INLET
     ==TEST CONDITIONS'"*
     BAROMETER 742.9  HMHG
   HUMIDITY   55  GRAINS/LB
AIR TEMP. RANGE  75F - 78F
 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  1415F
                                                                                                   00

-------
TABLE 8-7   INITIAL BASELINE  TEST NO.  2 FOR ENGINE NO. 23.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAlST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
WCDE RPM BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
A
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
13
19
20
21
22
23*
75 C
1200
12CO
1200
1200
1200.
1200
12CG
1200
12UC
745

230C
2300
2300
23CO
2300
2300
2300
23CC
2300
750

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.6
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

18.3
19.4
16.9
17.9
16.5
10.3
5.7
4.9
3.6
2.2
18.4

2.8
4.4
5.2
6.0
11.1
16.1
17.6
19.5
20.6
18.7

71
1C7
112
127
147
234
308
312
334
352
71

703
647
627
598
445
301
265
217
187
70

FUEL IGNITICK
FLOW TIMING
LB/HR DEC 8TC
4.4
6.6
6.9
7.8
8.9
13.5
18.9
20.4
23.3
24.3
4.4

47.1
43.3
39.8
36.5
26.4
18.0
15.7
12.9
10.9
4.3

5.0
9.5
19.0
29.0
29.5
19.5
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
5.0

16.0
18.0
19.0
19.0
30.5
39.5
38.5
38.5
39.0
5.0

CC
PCT
0.41
0.39
0.34
0.29
0.21
0.10
0.30
1.23
2.87
2.66
0.33

1.86
1.79
0.82
0.40
0.20
0.19
0.17
0.17
0.15
0.28

HC
PPMC
1350
600
1085
1785
1800
1375
1370
1800
2240
2250
1175

1525
1575
1200
980
1100
1095
800
510
281
1080

NOX
PPM
48
70
146
581
990
1498
1753
1580
982
1264
50

1832
1823
2013
1985
2194
1562
1018
487
237
49

CO
GM/HR
130.9
188.9
170.9
169.8
137.8
100*6
415.4
1722.8
4290.2
4155.4
101.9

5962.6
5281.0
2397.3
1114.1
415.4
265.1
213.7
165.7
126.9
88.4

HC
GM/HR
21.1
14.4
27.3
50.9
59.3
71.9
95.3
124.6
165.6
174.2
18.2

242.0
229.7
173.0
133.6
112.9
75.8
48.4
25.1
12.0
17.0

N02
GM/HR
2.5
5.6
12.2
55.0
106*3
260.1
404.6
363.2
240.9
324.7
2.5

965.4
882.6
964.0
897.9
747.7
359.1
204.2
79.6
33.5
2.6

*  ENGINE NUT TESTED
==23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE:
   BSCG 31.84 GM/BHP-HR
   BSHC  2.63 GM/BHP-HR
   BSN02 10.71 GM/BHP-HR
   8SFC 0.577 LB/BHP-HR
 li\ MOTORED MOOES
                                                                    <=*TEST CONDITIONS***
                                                                    BAROMETER  753.4 MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY   54 GftAINS/LB
                                                         IhLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 69F - 77F
                                                                WAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1424F
\o
VO

-------
TAfiL;. fl-8  INITIAL BASELINE TEST WO- 3 FOR ENGINE  NC.  23,
fcCLt
1
tf
3
A
"j
r>
l
&
••,
i'.
11
I 2---
I j
14
15
16
17
Ib
i -j
20
21
22
"' X".'-
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
Si-'ttD POWER VACUUM FLO*
«PM 8HP »HG LB/HR
750
12CO
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
12CC
1200 .
1200
755

iJCO
2300
2300
:2cc
230C
2300
2 3 C G
2300
2300
770

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.6
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102. 3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

18.2
19.4
19. C
17.9
16.5
10.6
5.6
4.9
3.3
2.1
16.5

2.6
4.0
5.0
5.9
1C. 9
16.2
17.6
19,5
20.6
18.7

72
106
111
129
146
231
299
309
332
347
70

696
648
610
597
445
294
259
213
164
70

FUEL IGNITION
FLCW TlfcllsG CC
LB/HR DEC BTC PCT
4.4
6.5
6.8
7.9
8.9
13.5
18.5
20.6
23.4
24.3
4.3

46.6
43.5
39.7
36.9
26.6
17.7
15.5
12.7
10.8
4.3

5.0
9.5
18.5
30.0
30.0
20.5
10.5
10.5
10.5
11.0
5.0

18.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
30.0
38.0
38.0
38.0
37.0
5.0

0.26
0.36
0.35
0.28
0.21
0.10
0.35
1.58
3.12
3.00
0.31

1.78
1.87
1.22
0.53
0.20
0.18
0.17
0.16
0.15
0.26

HC
PPMC
1180
540
1075
1800
1900
1500
1500
1975
2350
2350
1175

1655
1675
1400
910
1110
1100
850
525
320
1100

NCX
PPM
47
69
140
582
988
1661
1779
1414
910
1141
50

1761
1704
1811
1844
2071
1418
958
456
220
48

CO
GM/HR
84.3
171.2
172.4
163.1
140.5
98.0
479.0
2176,5
4612.4
4631.8
93.4

5531.2
5431.5
3362.5
1419.7
401.2
243.5
199.6
155.6
124.0
78.6

HC
GM/HR
19.0
12.6
26.4
52.1
61.7
76.3
100.1
134.7
171.6
179.5
17.6

254.2
240.5
190.4
121.1
110.1
72.1
48.6
24.8
13.0
16.7

(•JO 2
GM/HR
2.5
5.4
11.4
55.9
106.6
280.5
394.1
320.3
220.7
289.5
2.4

898.3
812.5
817.9
614.7
682.1
308.6
182.0
71.2
29.6
2.4

                                                                                                     o
                                                                                                     o
                    =*23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                        8SCO 34.35 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  2.67 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  9.81 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.577 LB/8HP-HR
   fcNGlKE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED KCDES
           —TEST  CONOITIONS==
           BAROMETER  753.6 MMHG
         HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 70F - 77F
       MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1418F

-------
TABLE 8-9  FINAL BASELINE  TEST  NO.  1  FCR ENGINE NO. 23.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAL'ST
SPEED POUER VACUUM FLOh
MODE RPM BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
770

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
230G
770

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.8
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

17.7
16.5
18.C
17.2
16.0
9.8
4.9
3.7
1.7
l.C
18.0

1.8
3.C
4.5
5.2
10.8
16.1
17.5
19.3
20.3
18.2

72
105
109
120
133
214
273
283
311
334
72

641
596
563
541
400
259
230
185
165
75

FUEL IGMTICfx
FLOW TIMING CC
LB/HR DEG BTC PCT
4.5
6.5
6.7
7.3
8.0
12.7
18.0
19.8
21.7
22.9
4.5

44.1
40.8
38.1
34.3
24.4
15.9
14.1
11.1
9.8
4.6

5.0
11.0
15.0
23.0
25.0
15.0
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
5.0

19.0
19.0
19.0
18.0
29.0
37.0
37.0
37.0
38.0
5.0

0.36
0.38
0.32
0.20
0.14
0.10
1.31
2.87
2.86
2.70
0.37

2.30
2.26
1.91
0.74
0.24
0.24
0.23
0.18
0.17
0.30

HC
PPMC
1125
1025
1325
1500
1675
1325
1750
2175
2175
2000
1100

1750
1770
1770
1250
1400
1390
1075
600
370
1350

NOX
PPM
49
65
1
352
717
1180
1306
849
1047
1227
62

1426
1426
1468
1680
2039
1375
920
378
193
54

CO
GN/Hft
117.4
179.9
157.6
109.8
83.8
103.7
1658.9
3716.1
4123.9
4206.0
124.9

7074.2
6506.2
5282.3
1959.9
479.2
312.3
263.0
158.7
132.7
107.6

HC
GM/HR
18.1
24.2
32.5
40*6
51.0
64.9
109.9
139.4
155.3
154.3
18.2

266.0
252.2
241.8
164.8
135.8
88.0
60.4
26.6
14.6
23.7

NO 2
GK/HR
2.6
5.1
0.1
31.5
72.4
191.7
272.3
180.7
248.3
314.2
3.4

719.8
674.4
665.5
735.3
657.0
289.1
171.4
55.6
25.1
3.1

*  ENGINE NOT
      ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
          BSCO 45.64 GM/BHP-HR
          BSHC  3.CC GM/8HP-HR
         BSN02  8.22 GM/BHP-HR
          8SFC 0.546 LB/BHP-HR
TESTED IN MOTORED MQOES
                                                                    "TEST CONDITIONS^
                                                                    BAROMETER 742.4 MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY   55  GRAINS/LB
                                                         IKLET AIR TEMP. RANGE  76F  - 79F
                                                                MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  13S4F

-------
TABLE 8-10 FINAL  BASELINE  TcST NO. 2 FOR Efclii  L-  NO.  21
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALSl
SPEED PGtoER VACUUM FLC»
fcGCE RPM 6HP "HG LB/H ?
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
e
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
IS
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
760

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
750

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.8
25.7
- 3«.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

17.6
1£.4
1£.C
17.2
16.C
9.7
4.8
3.5
1.4
l.C
18.2

1.5
2.8
4.4
5.2
10.6
16,2
17.6
19.5
20.3
18.4

72
1CI
1C/
113
131
212
26S
285
31*
332
6*3

651
596
557
531
39?
257
228
161
161
71

FUEL I
FLG*
LB/H>.
4.5
6.3
6.6
7.1
8.0
12.8
18.?
20.1
22.1
22. e
4.3

45.0
40.6
37.7
33.8
24.1
15.3
13.9
IO.S
9.6
4.4

GMITICfv
TIMIKC
uEG Bit
5.0
8.0
12.0
22.0
25.0
13.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
5.0

19. C
19.0
18.0
18.0
29.0
37.0
37.0
37.0
38.0
5.0

CO
PCT
0.35
0.45
0.38
0.26
0.17
0.11
1.85
3.04
3.04
2.fcl
0.35

2.33
2.08
1.33
0.86
0 . 24
u.25
0.22
u.19
0.20
'.27

HC
PPf*C
1100
550
850
1575
1825
1450
1975
2250
2225
2125
1050

1775
1750
1825
1250
1400
1450
1100
575
400
675

NOX
PPM
41
67
109
347
745
1300
1037
785
1004
1207
5

1418
1585
1588
1882
2270
1545
958
389
192
49

CO
GM/HR
115.0
203.0
186.4
139.1
101.1
112.6
2305.5
4055.8
4460.0
4075.1
111.3

7401.6
6058.1
4970.0
2230.1
466.6
318.4
236.7
167.1
152.1
93.0

HC
GM/HR
18.0
12.2
20.5
41.3
54.9
70.8
122.0
148.3
161.6
164.1
16.8

278.6
251.9
245.8
160.8
135.0
89.9
59.4
24.8
15.2
14.7

N02
GM/HR
2.2
4.9
8.6
30.3
74.3
210.5
212.6
171.6
241.9
309.6
0.3

739.1
757.2
709.8
803.7
726.9
318.1
171.7
55.5
24.2
2.7

                     ==23 MODE CYCLE CCMPOSITF
                         8SCG 45.78 GH/BHP-HR
                         BSHC  2.95 G^/BHP-HR
                        BSK'02  8..S8 Gi-'/BHP-HK
                         BSFC 0.542 Lcv/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN KOTOREO MODES
            ==TEST CONDITIONS^
            BAROMETER 741.9 MMHG
         HUMIDITY  55 GRAINS/LB
INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 77F -  82F
       WAX.  EXHAUST TEMP. 1400F

-------
                                                        103
APPENDIX C. — BASELINE DATA FOR HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE
                ENGINES WITH PARAMETERS ADJUSTED TO
                   MANUFACTURERS' SPECIFICATIONS
                           (9-MODE CYCLE)

-------
                     TABLE C-l. - Initial baseline test No. 1  for engine No. 22 (9-mode cycle)
Cycle
XT«»
No.
1








2








3








Mode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
29,,
54
26c '
4,.' '
23 . ;
82 -
26

0
24
57 . S
24.
6
21,'
82,"
24. •

0
24 •
5?.
24
6.
23 /<
84.'
26,,

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19,
16
3
16

Ib/hr
T., -i .
c2c ciausc
flow
78
347
509
329
211
330
636
310

78
311
483
304
209
272
669
315

72
295
468
296
199
289
674
298

T?,.£l1
ruei
flow
5.2
21.0
32.0
20.9
13.7
20.5
41.0
19.5

5.2
19.5
30.1
19.0
13.6
18.1
42.5
18.8

5.0
18.5
29.3
18.6
13.0
18.0
43.0
18.8

A/F

14.0
15.5
14.9
14.7
14.4
15.1
14.5
14.9

14.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
14.4
15.0
14.7
14.9

13.5
15.0
15.0
14.9
14.3
15.0
14.7
14.9

Emissions
volume percent
CO
2.06
.22
.31
.44
.92
.32
1.93
.41

2.06
.41
.26
.41
.92
.44
1.47
.47

2.75
.45
.32
.49
1.08
.45
1.36
.48

co2
11.05
11.62
11.88
11.93
11.88
11.88
10.79
11.93

11.05
11.88
11.88
11.88
11.84
11.80
10.96
11.71

10.96
Ilo71
11.71
11.62
11.80
11.71
10.96
11.84

HC
0.3150
.1400
.1800
.1600
.1100
.1050
.1600
.1075

0.3150
.0950
.1325
.0850
.0800
.0775
.0875
.0775

0.1825
.0775
.1250
.0800
.0875
.0750
.1075
.0800

NO *
0.0064
.0514
.0259
.0805
.0247
.0712
.1060
.0817

0.0064
.0744
.1723
.0769
.0287
.0696
.1088
.0781

0.0089
.0805
.1796
.0805
.0267"
.0712
.1177
.0845

grams /hr
CO
732
354
736
674
1,023
489
5,640
590

732
593
585
578
895
594
4,311
662

909
624
708
686
794
608
4,320
668

HC
55.4
111
211
121
53.0
79.4
231
76.5

55.4
67.9
148
59.2
38.5
51.7
127
54.0

29.8
53.2
137
55.4
39.8
50.1
169
55.1

NO **
X
3.74
136
101
202
39.5
179
509
193

3.74
176.6
637
178
45.8
154
524
181

4.8
184
653
185
40.4
158
614
193

 * Measured by NDIR.
** NO  as N0.

-------
                TABLE C-l.  - Initial baseline test No. 1  for engine No.  22 (9-mode cycle)  (Cont'd)
Cycle
No.
4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
2.6 .
56
26
9
25
82
26

Manifold
vacuum ,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaus t
flow
72
294
467
295
209
295
655
284

Fuel
flow
5.0
18.5
29.4
18.6
13.6
18.5
42.0
18.0

A/F
13.5
14.9
14.9
14.9
14.4
14.9
14.6
14.8

Emissions
volume percent
CO
2.75
.48
.38
.48
.96
.48
1.53
.53

co2
10.96
11.80
11.84
11.80
11.80
11.80
11.05
11.84

HC
0.1825
.0825
.1300
.0825
.0800
.0825
.1050
.0850

NO * =
0.0089
.0829
.1796
.0870
.0336
.0793
.1149
.0870

grams /hr
CO
909
659
830
663
933
659
4,650
703

HC
29.8
56.1
141
56.4
38.5
56.1
158
55.8

NO **
X
4.8
187
645
197
53.7
179
574
190

 * Measured by NDIR.

** NO  as N0_.
     X      £
                                Cycle emission rates. Federal.- weighting Factors (5_)

                                                        •••.-.'•--'     rr  -  -.  '-?."•'• 1

                                CO, gm/bhp-hr	'.'"..". . .'..".' 42.0


                                HC,; gm/bhp-hr  .  .  .  . .	 .    2.82


                                NO  as-.NO.,-  gm/bhp-hr .	.7.96
                                  X      £.

-------
                     TABLE C-2. - Initial baseline test No. 2 for engine No. 22  (9-mode cycle)
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
26
56
26
6
26
82
26

0
26
56
26
6
26
82
26

0
26
56
26
6
26
82
26

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaus t
flow
78
394
501
302
222
311
627
288

78
292
486
293
202
296
610
294

73
280
470
279
190
276
613
282

Fuel
flow
5.2
24
31.5
19.3
14.4
19.4
40
18.1

5.2
18.3
30.4
18.4
13.1
18.5
41.5
18.5

5.0
18.3
29.5
18.3
12.9
18.0
41.5
18.4

A/F
13.9
15.4
14.9
14.7
14.5
15
14.7
14.9

13.9
15.0
15.0
14.9
14.4
15.0
14.7
14.9

13.6
14.3
14.9
14.3
13.7
14.3
13.8
14.3

Emissions
volume percent
CO
2.. 18
.26
.22
.57
.88
.38
1.53
.48

2.18
.44
.37
.44
.86
.44
1.46
.49

2.52
.46
.38
.53
.97
.48
1.36
.53

co2
11.05
11.80
12.15
12.01
12.01
11.97
11.84
11.97

11.93
11.93
11.93
11.93
12.32
12.15
11.14
11.93

11.14
11.93
11.93
12.15
11.93
11.93
11.30
11.93

HC
0.3400
.1400
.1750
.1300
.1000
.0900
.1500
.0825

0.3400
.0800
.1225
.0800
.0700
.0750
.0850
.0675

0.1750
.0675
.1175
.0700
.0750
.0700
.0975
.0650

NO *
0.0065
.0235
.1505
.0639
.0247
.0591
.1278
.0615

0.0065
.0615
.1650
.0712
.0247
.0720
.1116
.0781

0.0097
.0781
.1816
.0769
.0275-
.0744
.1391
.0769

grams /hr
CO
767
470
498
795
896
544
4,155
636

767
594
831
597
781
590
4,384
666

836
620
814
711
885
636
4,061
715

HC
59.2
125
200
89.6
50.3
63.7
201
54.1

59.2
53.3
136
53.7
31.4
49.7
126
45.4

28.7
45.0
124
46.4
33.8
45.8
144
43.4

NO **
X
3.8
69.7
570
146
41.3
139
570
134

3.8
136
608
159
37
159
550
174

5.3
173
639
169
41.2
162
682
170

                                                                                                                      o
                                                                                                                      ON
 * Measured by NDIR.

** NO  as N09.
     X      fc

-------
                 TABLE C-2. - Initial baseline test No. 2 for engine No. 22 (9-mode cycle) (Cont'd)
Cycle
No.
4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
26
56
26
6
26
82
26

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaus t
flow
73
277
469
275
179
274
615
277

Fuel
flow
5.0
18.0
29.5
18.0
12.2
17.8
41.5
18.2

A/F
13.6
14.3
14.9
14.3
13.7
14.4
13.8
14.2

Emissions
volume percent
CO
2.52
.49
.44
.49
1.04
.48
1.45
.53

co2
11.14
11.93
11.93
12.15
11.93
11.93
11.30
11.93

HC
0.1750
.0700
.1175
.0725
.0775
.0675
.0925
.0700

NO *
0.0097
.0756
.1853
.0805
.0267
.0732
.1391
.0829

grams /hr
CO
836
648
954
637
893
629
4,301
707

HC
28.7
45.8
126
46.6
32.9
43.7
136
46.2

NO **
3C
5.3
164
660
172
37.6
157
678
182

 * Measured by NDIR.
** NO  as NO..
     X      £,
                               Cycle  emissioncrates, Federal weighting Factors


                               CO, gm/bhp-hr  ................  39.9

                               HC, gm/bhp-hr  ................  2.51
                                 .
                                 X
                                      N0_,  gm/bhp-hr  ............   8.39
                                         £*

-------
                        TABLE C-30 - Final baseline No. 1 for engine No. 22  (9°mode  cycle)

Cycle
No.
1








2








3










Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
21
52
21.
5.
21
79
21.

0
21
52.
21.
5 <•
21 .
79
21...

0
21
52
21.
5
21
7.9
21

Manifold
vacuum,
In. HK
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaust
flow
82
267
473
311
224
298
686
312

82
277
454
294
212
287
656
302

84
294
452
293
199
280
643
296

Fuel
flow
5.5
18.2
29.8
1<>.9
14.7
18.7
43.4
19.9

5.5
17.5
28.6
1H.6
14.1
18.1
42.5
19.2

5.8
18.6
2S.6
18.5
13.2
17.7
40.9
18.7



A/F
13.9
13.7
14.9
14.6
14.3
15.0
14.8
14.7

13.9
14.8
14.9
14.8
14.0
14.9
14.4
14.7

13.5
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.1
14.8
14.7
14.8

Emissions
volume
CO
1.53
4.39
.35
.79
1.10
.48
1.40
.70

1.53
.61
.44
.61
1.40
.48
1.58
.66

2.24
.61
.44
.61
1.40
.61
1.36
.57

C09
11.30
9.23
11.62
11.62
11.62
11.62
10.66
11.44

11.30
11.62
11.62
11.62
11.62
11.62
11.14
11.62

10.96
11.62
11.62
11.62
11.62
11.62
10.96
11.62

percent
HC
0.297
.169
.190
.134
.120
.110
.140
.110

0.297
.100
.137
.095
.120
.100
.120
.097

0.170
.095
.150
.085
.115
.090
.120
.080

NO *
0.0059
.0200
.0830
.0520
.0200
. . 0440
.0960
.0460

0.0059
.0530
.1420
.0620
.0230
.0630
.1190
.0680

0.0080
.0650
.1520
.0630
.0210
.0600
.1170
.0610

grams /hr
CO
588
5,319
787
1,151
1,156
675
4,572
1,044

588
795
947
845
1,379
654
4,801
940

892
845
946
841
1,292
805
4,105
797

HC
56.5
101.3
101.6
96. -i
62.4
76.5
226.1
81.1

56.5
64.4
145.8
65. L
58 . 5
67.4
180.3
68.3

33.5
65.1
159.5
57.9
52.5
58.7
181.6
55.4

NO,,**
3.7 .
39.8
306.7
124.4
34.5
101.6
514.9
112.7

3.7
113.4
501.9
141.0
37.2
140.9
593.9
159.0

5.2
147.8
536.8
142.6
31.8
130.0
580.0
140.2

                                                                                                                      o
                                                                                                                      GO
 * Measured by chemiluminescence.
** NOX as NO,

-------
              TABLE C-3.  -  Final baseline No.  1 for engine No.  22 (9-mode cycle)  (Cont'd)
Cycle
No.
4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
21
52
21
5
21
79
21

Manifold
vacuum,
in. HR
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaust
flow
84
295
448
297
205
276
624
301

Fuel
flow
5.8
18.7
28.4
18.9
13.6
17.5
40.2
19.2

A/F
.13.5
14.8
14.8
14.7
14.1
14.8
14.5
14.7

Emissions
vo lume
CO
2.24
.61
.48
.70
1.31
.66
1.49
.70

CO?
10.96
11.62
11.62
11.62
11.44
11.62
10.96
11.62

percent
HC
0.170
.085
. .128
.080
.100
.088
.100
.085

NO**
0.0080
.0610
.1540
.0610
.0230
.0570
.1190
.0590

grams/hr
CO
892
850
1,023
979
1,273
857
4,381
995

HC
33.5
58.6
134.4
55.4
48.0
56.2
145.4
59.7

NO,,**
5.2
139.6
539.2
140.2
36.7
121.6
574.7
137.6

                                                                                                                    o
                                                                                                                    VO
 * Measured by chemiluminescence.
** NOX as N02.
                        Cycle emission rates. Federal freighting Factors (_5_)
                        CO,  gm/bhp-hr	53.=2

                        HC,  gm/bhp-hr	3.1


                        NOX  as  N02,  gm/bhp-hr	  7.8"

-------
                  TABLE C-4. - Final baseline No.  2 for engine No. 22 (9-rmode cycle)
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
21
52
21 '.'
5.. •:
21
79
21. -

0
21
52
21
5
21
79
21 '..

0
21
52
21
5
21
79 '•
21

Manifold
vacuum ,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaus t
flow
80
278
462
300
213
289
662
298

80
287
467
296
200
284
636
305

80
283
457
296
206
275
643
297

Fuel
flow
5.2
17.7
29.0
19.0
14.1
18.2
42.4
19.0

5.2
18.2
29.5
18.8
13.3
18.0
40.9
19.4

5.5
17.9
29.0
18.8
13.7
17.4
41.4
18.9

A/F
14.3
14.9
14.9
14.8
14.1
14.9
14.6
14.7

14.3
14.8
14.8
14.7
14.1
14.8
14.6
14.7

13.5
14.8
14.8
14.8
14.0
14.8
14.5
14.7

Emissions
volume percent
CO
0.96
.66
.39
.70
1.27
.61
1.45
.70

0.96
.66
.44
.75
1.32
.66
1.49
.70

2.17
.61
.53
.66
1.34
.66
1.40
.70

co2
11.30
11.30
11.30
11.14
11.14
11.14
10.96
11.30

11.30
11.30
11.14
11.14
11.14
11.14
10.96
11.30

10.66
11.14
11.14
11.14
11.14
11.14
10.66
11.14

HC
0.165
.125
.160
.100 ;
.115
.108
.140
.102

0.165
.097
.137
.093
.112
.095
.105
.090

0.170
.090
.132
.087
.107
.091
.115
.085

NO *
X
0.007
.010
.140
.060
.020
.050
.120
.061

0.007
.059
.150
.061
.020
.060
.120
.063

a 008
.062
.150
.062
.022
.059
.120
.061

grams /hr
CO
369
887
876
1,022
1,312
859
4,497
1,009

369
927
1,017
1,080
1,282
939
4,337
1,031

843
847
1,196
958
1.-339
887
4,368
1,018

HC
31.3
83.1
177.8
77.6
58.8
87.2
214.7
72.7

31.3
67.4
156.6
66.3
53.8
66.8
151.1
65.6

32.7
61.8
146.7
62.5
52.9
60.5
177.5
61.1

NO **
X
4.4
22.1
516.6
143.8
33.9
115.7
611.3
144.4

4.4
136.1
569.3
144.3
31.9
140.1
573.6
152.4

5.1
141.3
555.8
147.8
36.1
130.2
615.0
145.7

*  Measured by chemiluminescence.
** NO  as N00.
     X      £.

-------
             TABLE C-4. - Final baseline No. 2 for engine No. 22 (9-mode oytcle)  (Ccrat'd)
Cycle
No.
4








Mode
1
2 .
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
21
52
21
5
21
79
21

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaust
flow
80
281
447
287
208
282
617
294

Fuel
flow
5.5
17.9
28.4
18.2
13.7
17.9
40.0
18.8

A/F
13.5
14.7
14.8
14.7
14.2
14.8
14.4
14.7

Emissions
volume percent
CO
2.17
.70
.53
.70
1.14
.66
1.47
.73

co2
10.66
11.30
11.14
11.14
11.30
11.14
10.66
11.30

HC
0.170
.090
.130
.084
.095
.090
.115
.085

NO *
X
0.008
.061
.150
.061
.022
.059
.130
.062

grams /hr
CO
843
951
1,171
981
1,143
912
4,406
1,040

HC
32.7
60.5
142.0
58.6
47.1
61.5
170.5
59.5

NO **
X
5.1
136.2
544.3
140.4
36.2
133.9
639.9
145.0

*  Measured by chemiluminescence.
** NO  as N00.
     X      Z.
                       Cycle emission rates, Federal weighting"Factors'(£
                       CO, gm/bhp-hr	50.7


                       HC, gm/bhp-hr	j.  .	3.2


                       NO  as NO  , gm/bhp-hr  .  ;	3.3
                         X      • £.

-------
                      TABLE C-5.  - Initial baseline No. 1 for  engine  No.  23 (9-mode cycle)

Cycle
No.
1








2








3










Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
20
46 '
20. ,
5
20 ..
81 ,
20 .

0
20
46 ;.
20.
5
20
81
20.

0
20
46
20
5
20
81
20

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaust
flow
86
230
400
251
192
268
607
245

86
233
403
242
177
248
604
253

75
234
408
238
172
249
630
244

Fuel
flow
5.4
14.8
26.1
15.4
11.3
15.5
38.6
15.5

5.4
14.7
24.4
15.1
10.6
14.9
38.7
16.0

4.7
14.8
24.9
14.8
10.6
15.1
38.1
15.5



A/F
15.0
14.6
14.3
15.3
16.0
16.4
14.7
14.8

15.0
14.0
15.5
15.0
15.7
15.6
14.6
14.8

15.1
14.8
15.4
15.1
15.2
15.5
15.5
14.8

Emissions
volume percent
CO
0.61
.15
.21
.21
.15
.15
1.93
.21

0.61
.22
.31
.45
.14
.17
1.93
.26

0.72
.21
.35
.26
.21
.21
1.97
.26

CO?
10.66
10.66
10.96
10.96
10.96
10.96
10.66
11.30

10.66
10.96
11.14
11.62
10.96
10.96
10.96
10.96

11.14
10.96
11.62
11.30
10.96
11.14
10.66
10.96

HC
0.270
.160
.180
.130
.066
.132
.200
.120

0.270
.116
.150
.160
.041
.122
.192
.113

0.144
.115
.157
.121
.042
.125
.200
.120

NOY*
0.0042
.1035
.1315
.0789
.0202
.0840
.1193
.0951

0.0042
.0948
.1557
.1031
.0222
.0991
.1294
.1062

0.0035
.1031
.1598
.1072
.0242
.1052
.1274
.1153

grams /hr
CO
262
185
449
270
144
193
5,347
267

262
262
598
511
128
215
5,242
340

261
263
593
305
182
264
5,378
340

HC
57.4
98.0
187.9
80.4
30.3
82.9
274.0
72.5

57.4
68.1
143.2
90.0
17.9
73.6
258.6
72.4

25.7
68.4
147.8
69.6
18.2
74.6
269.6
74.5

NOv**
3.0
210.5
455.9
162.0
30.8
174.5
542.9
190.9

3.0
185.9
493.8
191.9
31.8
197.7
577.2
225.9

2.1
203.8
494.6
204.8
34.5
208.6
570.4
237.6

   Measured by chemiluminescence.
** NO,, as NO?.
     X      ^

-------
                   TABLE C-5.  - Initial baseline No. 1 for engine No.  23 (9-mode cycle) (Cont'd)
Cycle
No.
4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
20.
46
. 20
5
20
81
20.

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaust
flow
75
234
395
237
170
245
589
236

Fuel
flow
4.7
14.9
24.1
14.6
10.4
14.9
38.1
15.0

A/F
15.1
14.8
15.4
15.3
15.4
15.5
14.6
14.8

Emissions
volume percent
CO
0.72
.26
.35
.26
.17
.21
1.89
.26

CO?
11.14
10.96
10.96
10.96
11.14
10.96
10.79
10.96

HC
0.144
.122
.160
.121
.037
.150
.205
.119

|_NOX*
0.0035
.1123
.1719
.1112
.0243
.1072
.1274
.1133

grams/hr
CO
261
316
677
310
147
253
5,128
319

HC
25.7
72.7
152.6
71.0
15.4
89.6
275.1
71.5

NOX**
2.1
222.3
544.6
215.9
33.6
212.7
567.8
226.0

 * Measured by chemiluminescence.

** NO  as N0_.
     X      **
                       Cycle emission rates, Federal-weighting factors: (J5)




                       CO, gm/bhp-hr	...	   37.6


                       HC, gm/bhp-hr	    3.9


                       NOX as N02, gm/bhp-hr  .	    9.1

-------
                     TABLE C-6. - Initial baseline No. 2 for engine No. 23 (9-mode cycle)

Cycle
No.
1








2








3










Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
23
48
23
9
23
85
23.

0
23 '
48.
23
9
23.
85 •
23.

0
23
48
23.
9
23.
85
23

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaust
flow
68
279
419
265
188
262
605
264

68
252
406
256
190
256
642
261

66
259
408
256
183
261
595
256

Fuel
flow
4.3
16.5
25.1
15.8
11.1
15.6
40.3
15.7

4.3
15.0
24.6
15.3
11.3
15.3
40.1
15.6

4.2
15.5
24.9
15.4
11.0
15.7
40.2
15.5



A/F
14.7
15.9
15.7
15.8
15.9
15.8
14.0
15.8

14.7
15.8
15.5
15.7
15.8
15.7
14.0
15.7

14.6
15.7
15.4
15.6
15.6
15.6
13.8
15.5

Emissions
volume
CO
0.57
.13
.18
.18
.18
.18
1.80
.18

0.57
.18
.22
.18
.18
.18
1.80
.18

0.92
.18
.26
.18
.18
.18
2.02
.18

CO?
12.50
11.93
11.80
11.80
11.93
11.93
11.80
11.93

12.50
11.93
11.93
11.93
11.93
11.93
11.62
11.93

11.93
11.80
11.80
11.80
11.80
11.62
11.44
11.80

percent
HC
0.165
.145
.155
.132
.076
.130
.203
.120

0.165
.125
.150
.130
.075
.138
.208
.128

0.188
.138
.159
.138
.077
.150
.213
.136

NOV*
0.0042
.1204
.1877
.1335
.0324
.1234
.1679
.1355

0.0042
.1341
.2023
.1456
.0485
.1359
.1618
.1456

0 . 0040
.1529
.2023
.1456
.0460
.1416
.1537
.1456

grams/hr
CO
170
161
341
215
150
210
4,825
212

170
202
404
206
153
206
4,861
210

276
211
486
210
150
217
5,453
211

HC
24.3
89.0
145.5
78.5
31.4
75.2
269.8
69.9

24.3
69.5
136.2
73.8
31.6
78.5
277.8
74.1

28.0
80.1
147.5
79.6
32.1
89.5
285.0
79.3

NO,,**
2.1
245.3
585.1
262.6
44.5
237.1
739.3
262.3

2.1
247.8
610.0
274.4
67.8
255.9
717.8
279.8

2.0
294.8
621.5
278.9
63.3
280.5
681.5
280.7

   Measured by chemiluminescence.
**NOX as N02,

-------
                      TABLE C-6.  -  Initial baseline No.  2 for engine No.  23  (9-mode cycle) (Cont'd)
Cycle
No.
4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
23
48
23
9.
23
85
23,

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaust
flow
66
257
400
253
183
257
589
251

Fuel
flow
4.2
15.5
24.4
15.4
11.0
15.6
40.1
15.2

A/F
14.6
15.6
15.4
15.4
15.6
15.5
13.7
15.5

Emissions
volume percent
CO
0.92
.18
.28
.22
.18
.18
2.06
.22

CO?
11.93
11.62
11.62
11.62
11.62
11.62
11.30
11.62

HC
0.188
.145
.163
.147
.080
.155
.215
.143

NOV*
0.0040
.1416
.1934
.1456
.0445
.1375
.1456
.1340

g
CO
276
212
520
259
153
215
5,584
256

rams/hr
HC
28.0
84.4
149.7
85.7
33.6
91.5
288.2
82.7

NCv**
2.0
273.7
589.9
282.0
62.1
269.5
648.3
256.3

   Measured by chemiluminescence.
** NOV as N07.
     A.      L,
                            Cycle emission rates, Federal weighting  factors' (5).



                            CO, gm/bhp-hr	32.1


                            HC, gm/bhp-hr	    3.6


                            NO  as N0», gm/bhp-hr  .  .'	'l6.4
                              "X      £-          —

-------
                        TABLE C-7. - Final baseline No,  1  for engine No0  23 (9-mode cycle)
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
24 .
48.
24 ;
9
24
84
24

0
24
48.
24
9
24
84
24

0
24
48.
24
9
24
84
24

Manifold
vacuum ,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaust
flow
70
243
393
232
168
238
525
223

70
226
354
227
160
229
525
222

70
225
355
225
158
230
526
224

Fuel
flow
4.5
14.5
23.8
14.2
10.4
14.4
35.0
14.1

4.5
13.9
21.5
13.8
9.8
13.9
35.3
13.7

4.6
13.7
21.7
13.7
9.6
14.2
35.5
13.7

A/F
14.7
15.8
15,5
15.4
15.1
15o6
14.0
14.9

14.7
15.3
15.5
15.5
15.3
15.5
13.9
15.2

14.2
15.4
15.4
15.4
15.5
15.2
13.8
15.3

Emissions
volume
CO
0.88
.13
.18
.18
.23
.14
1.85
.31

0.88
.22
.22
.18
.31
.18
2.02
.22

1.23
.18
.22
.19
.31
.18
2.09
.22

C02
11.68
11.77
11.77
11.85
12.30
11.94
11.42
12.03

11.68
11.94
11.77
11.77
11.85
11.77
11.42
11.94

11.85
11.94
11.85
11.94
11.94
11.85
11.42
11.77

percent
HC
0.330
.175
.170
.162
.130
.155
.192
.158

0.330
.150
.147
.140
.100
.146
.190
.145

0.140
.145
.150
.145
.095
.147
.187
.145

NOX*
0.0037
.0934
.1453
.1515
.0374
.1079
.1212
.1204

0.0037
.1370
.1806
.1203
.0415
.1289
.1421
.1453

0.0083
.1394
.1847
.1307
.0415 •
.1370
.1432
.1457

grams /hr
CO
283
146
318
198
173
152
4,418
320

283
228
358
194
226
195
4,800
225

394
190
359
199
220
198
4,926
228

HC
46.2
84.1
133.7
75.5
42.7
73.0
199.8
71.3

46.2
66.8
104.2
63.9
31.9
67.1
197.0
64.6

19.5
64.8
106.5
64.7
29.5
680 5
193.9
65.5

NO **
X
2.1
179.6
457.1
282.3
49.1
203.3
504.6
217.5

2.1
247.6
512.5
219.8
53.1
237.2
589.5
258.9

4.7
249.3
524.9
233.5
51.6
255.5
594.0
263.4

   Measured by chemiluminescence.
** NO  as N00.

-------
                     TABLE C-7.  - Final baseline No. 1 for engine No. 23 (9-mode cycle) (Cont'd)
Cycle
No.
4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power ,
bhp
0
24 :'
48
24
9 •
24
84,
24

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaus t
flow
70
225
356
223
154
228
516
224

Fuel
flow
4.6
13.7
21.8
13.6
9.5
13.9
34.7
13.8

A/F
14.2
15.4
15.3
15.4
15.3
15.4
13.9
15.3

Emissions
volume percent
CO
1.23
.18
.23
.19
.32
.18
2.13
.22

C02
11.85
11.85
11.77
11.85
11.94
11.94
11.42
11.94

HC
0.140
.144
.149
.145
o097
.151
.192
.150

NOX*
0.0083
.1441
.1942
.1453
.0457
.1422
.1443
.1577

grams /hr
CQ
394
191
378
199
224
192
4,944
227

HC
19.5
64.8
107.0
64.7
29.8
68.4
194.0
67.3

NOX**
4.7
259.4
558.3
259.4
56.2
257.7
583.3
283.0

   Measured by chemiluminescence,
** NO  as N0_.
     2C      £.
                         Cycle emission rates, Federal weighting factors  (j>),




                         CO, gm/bhp-hr	33.8



                         HC, gm/bhp-hr	3.1
                         NO  as N0_, gm/bhp-hr	1.0.1
                           X      ^

-------
                        TABLE O80 - Final baseline No, 2 for engine No, 23 (9°mode cycle)
Cycle
No.
1








2








3








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power,
bhp
0
24
48
24
9
24
84
24

0
24
48.
24
9
24
84.
24

0
24
48.
24
9.
24
84
24

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaus t
flow
71
243
391
232
176
240
527
224

71
227
350
226
164
230
528
226

73
225
354
225
156
233
528
225

Fuel
flow
4.6
14.7
23.9
14.2
10.9
14.6
35.5
13.9

4.6
13.9
21.5
13.8
10.1
14.0
35.6
13.9

4.8
13.8
21.7
13.8
9.6
14.3
35.7
13.9

A/F
14.5
15.5
15.4
15.3
15.2
15.4
13.8
15.1

14.5
15.3
15.3
15.4
15.2
15.4
13.8
15.2

14.1
15.3
15.3
15.3
15.2
15.3
13.8
15.2

Emissions
volume percent
CO
1.04
.18
.20
.18
.39
.18
2.09
.26

1.04
.20
.26
.20
.34
.20
2.12
.26

1.41
.22
.23
.22
.32
.20
2.16
.26

C02
12.30
12.13
12.13
12.30
12.21
12.13
11.77
12.13

12.30
12.13
12.13
11.94
12.03
12.13
11.60
12.13

12.13
12.13
12.13
12.13
12.13
12.13
11.68
12.13

HC
0.165
.150
.152
.150
.100
.146
ol82
.145

0.165
.144
.145
.141
.095
.145
.187
.143

0.135
.150
.152
.152
.100
.155
.192
.147

NOX*
0.0045
.1121
.1712
.1349
.0384
.1287
.1370
.1453

0.0045
.1411
.1931
.1453
.0447
.1401
.1432
.1453

0.0083
.1483
.2024
.1474'
.0498
.1422
.1418
.1504

grams /hr
CO
325
191
356
182
306
190
4,868
269

325
207
416
209
256
209
4,992
269

454
223
365
223
223
213
5,064
269

HC
22.5
70.8
116.5
67.4
34.3
68.5
184.1
64.3

22.5
64.2
99.5
63.4
30.8
65.1
191.6
63.4

18.9
66.3
104.1
67.1
30.6
71.0
195.4
65.2

'NOx**
2.4
211.8
525.0
242.8
52.8
241.6
554.4
257.9

2.4
251.8
530.1
261.2
57.9
251.8
597.0
257.9

4.7
262.3
412.1
260.6
61.0
260.8
577.5
267.0

                                                                                                                     oo
*  Measured by chemiluminescence.
** NO  as NO
     X

-------
                TABLE C-8. -Final baseline No. 2 for engine No. 23 (9-mode cycle) (Cont'd)
Cycle
No.
4








Mode
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Observed
power
bhp
0
24
48
24
9
24
84
24

Manifold
vacuum,
in. Hg
18
16
10
16
19
16
3
16

Ib/hr
Exhaust
flow
73
226
356
222
155
228
515
227

Fuel
flow
4.8
13.9
21.9
13.7
9.6
14.0
34.9
14.0

A/F
14.1
15.3
15.3
15.2
15.2
15.3
13.8
15.2

Emissions
volume percent
CO
1.41
.23
.26
.22
.33
.22
2.20
.28

co2
12.13
12.13
12.13
12.13
12.13
12.13
11.60
12ol3

HC
0.135
.150
.155
.155
.100
.157
.193
.150

NOX*
0.0083
.1475
.2075
.1536
.0508
.1473
.1473
.1536

grams /hr
CO
454
234
424
222
235
227
5,046
289

HC
18.9
66.7
108.3
68.0
30.6
70.3
192.7
66.9

NOx**
4.7
262.5
580.0
269.4
62.1
264.2
588.5
274.1

*  Measured by chemiluminescence.
   NO  as NO .
     X      2.
                        Cycle emission rates, Federal weighting factor (5_)
                        CO, gm/bhp-hr	36.5


                        HC, gm/bhp-hr	•  •	3.0


                        NO  as NO-, gm/bhp-hr .....:	10.2
                          X      ^ ••

-------
                                                      120
APPENDIX D. -- RESULTS FROM THE INVESTIGATION OF
               THE EFFECT OF ENGINE AND EMISSION
                 CONTROL PARAMETERS ON EXHAUST
            EMISSIONS FROM HEAVY DUTY DIESEL ENGINES
                         (7-MODE CYCLE)

-------
                                                              121
TABLE D-l. - The effect of various engine parameters on exhaust
                  emissions using a simplified 7-mode cycle

                         [Engine No. 15]
STANDARD ENGINE (Average of two tests)
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21







Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21






Speed,
rpm
525
1,700
1,700
1,700
2,800
2,800
2,800






STANDARD
Speed,
rt>m
525
1,700
1,700
1,700
2,800
2,800
2,800






Power, CO, HC, NOx,
bhp g/hr g/hr g/hr
0.4 82.8 60.2 50.8
2.6 392 212 109
76.7 134 196 718
150.2 744 122 1,045
209.8 1,587 76 1,486
103.4 308 310 926
1.7 872 548 174
7-mode cycle emission rates
CO (g/bhp-hr) 8.00
HC (g/bhp-hr) 3.12
NOX (g/bhp-hr) 8.54
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr) .461
Smoke (% opacity) 3.6
ENGINE WITH ENGELHARD CATALYST (Average
Power, CO, HC, NOX,
bhD e/hr e/hr s/hr
0.3 59.2 44.4 29.4
.7 429 232 88
75.2 24 95 842
148.2 66 28 1,124
207.9 138 32 1,603
104.0 53 114 1,042
3.0 291 236 184
7-mode cycle emission rates
CO (g/bhp-hr) 2.29
HC (g/bhp-hr) 1.69
NOX (g/bhp-hr) 9.26
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr) .465
Smoke (7, opacity) 3.4
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2.0
8.4
29.0
55.8
86.0
45.2
19.3






of two
Fuel,
Ib/hr
1.7
8.0
30.2
56.8
84.2
46.8
18.4






Smoke ,
7o opacity
0.8
.8
1.0
15.2
12.9
1.9
.9






tests)
Smoke ,
70 opacity^
1.0
.5
.5
13.5
13.0
1.5
1.0







-------
  122
TABLE D-l. - The effect of various engine parameters on exhaust
             emissions using a simplified 7-mode cycle (Cont'd)

                        [Engine No. 15]
3° RETARDED INJECTION TIMING
Mnrlp
1 1U U C
1
2
6
10
13
17
21






Speed,
rpm
525
1,700
1,700
1,700
2,800
2,800
2,800






Power, CO, HC, NOX,
bhp g/hr g/hr g/hr
0 59.9 60.7 26.
3.9 318 249 63
71.2 197 227 399
142.4 723 88 593
202.1 902 54 824
100.2 416 274 485
3.7 877 743 89
7-mode cycle emission rates
CO (g/bhp-hr) 7.02
HC (g/bhp-hr) 3.59
NOX (g/bhp-hr) 4.88
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr) .503
Smoke (% opacity) 5.4
6° RETARDED INJECTION TIMING (Average of

o e
1
2
6
10
13
17
21






Speed,
rpm
525
1,700
1,700
1,700
2,800
2,800
2,800






Power, CO, HC, NOX,
bhp g/hr g/hr g/hr
0 60.8 79.8 20.
1 405 371 52
70 282 229 335
139 828 50 499
190 679 36 717
95 760 288 394
1 1A328 1A913 72
7-mode cycle emission rates
CO (g/bhp-hr) 9.12
HC (g/bhp-hr) 6.46
NO (g/bhp-hr) 4.34
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr) .512
Smoke (% opacity) 3.3
Fuel,
Ib/hr %
0 3.0
10.0
30.0
58.5
85.0
46.0
22.0






three tests)
Fuel,
Ib/hr %
4 1.3
8.1
27.4
56.4
85.0
46.3
25.5






Smoke ,
opacity
3.3
2.7
2.5
17.0
13.5
3.0
2.0







Smoke,
opacity
1.0
1.0
.5
17.5
7.0
2.0
1.0







-------
                                                            123
TABLE D-l. The effect of various engine parameters on exhaust
           emissions using a simplified 7-mode cycle (Cont'd)

                        [Engine No. 15]

Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21







Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21







Speed,
rpm
550
1,700
1,700
1,700
2,800
2,800
2^800







Speed,
rpm
550
1,700
1,700
1,700
2,800
2,800
2^800







Power
bhp
0
0
74
148
206
103
1







Power
bhp
0
0
73
146
203
101
1






STANDARD ENGINE WITH 5 PERCENT EGR
, CO, HC, NOx, Fuel,
g/hr g/hr g/hr Ib/hr
71.5 53.7 38.0 2.0
405 254 78 8.2
150 198 504 28.4
603 85 670 56.0
1,599 42 882 86.0
303 279 635 44.6
843 554 132 19.0
7-mode cycle emission rates
CO (g/bhp-hr) 7.87
HC (g/bhp-hr) 3.06
NOX (g/bhp-hr) 5.74
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr) .470
Smoke (% opacity) 4.9
STANDARD ENGINE WITH 10 PERCENT EGR
, CO, HC, NOX, Fuel,
g/hr g/hr g/hr Ib/hr
72.6 48.4 35.7 2.0
380 250 69 8.0
154 185 424 28.2
1,267 106 410 56.0
2,302 35 548 85.2
296 249 517 43.6
714 429 140 18.0
7-mode cycle emission rates
CO (g/bhp-hr) 10.31
HC (g/bhp-hr) 2.76
NOX (g/bhp-hr) 4.30
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr) .471
Smoke (% opacity) 7.0

Smoke ,
7o opacity
. 0.6
.6
.6
22.0
21.5
1.1
.6







Smoke ,
7o opacity
0.6
.6
1.1
32.4
31.4
1.1
.6







7o EGR
6.7
5.9
5.1
5.1
5.5
6.0
5.9







7o EGR
11.4
10.2
10.5
10.6
11.0
10.2
9.8







-------
 124
TABLE D-l. - The effect of various engine parameters on exhaust
             emissions using a simplified 7-mode cycle (Cont'd)

                        [Engine No. 15]
STANDARD ENGINE WITH
Mode
1
2
Note— 5
10
13
17
21
NOTE.

Speed, Power,
rpm bhp
550
1,700
1,700
1,700
2,800
2,800
2^800
0
1
36
144
197
99
2
- Mode 5 was run
weighted
15 PERCENT
CO, HC, NOx,
g/hr g/hr g/hr
75.3 48.4
386 218
225 165
2,045 105
3,166 43
327 230
477 430
instead of mode 6 by
33.8
74
220
311
394
390
117
EGR
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2
7
17
56
84
43
17
.0
.9
.1
.1
.6
.5
.5
mistake, but
Smoke ,
% opacity
1.1
1.1
.6
47.8
38.0
1.1
.6
the emissions
% EGR
15
13
12
13
14
13
13
are
.5
.2
.5
.4
.2
.8
.2

accordingly.
7-mode cycle emission rates















CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
14
2
3

9
.46
.89
.43
.490
.4





















-------
                                                             125
 TABLE D-2. - The effect of fuel injection characteristics on
             exhaust emissions using a simplified 7-mode cycle

                        [Engine No. 17]
STANDARD ENGINE WITH STANDARD INJECTORS (Average of two tests)
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm
500
1,250
1,250
1,250
2,100
2,140
2^140 .
Power ,
bhp
0
2
84
170
264
134
6
CO,
g/hr
91.0
288
84
5,060
1,891
114
208
HC,
K/hr
41.6
110
101
. 77
166
152
190
g/hr
108.6 •
233
1,554
2,118
3,806
2,095
531
Fuel,
Ib/hr
4.2
10.2
35.0
74.5
111.0
63.5
24.2
Smoke ,
% opacity
0.5
.5
.5
2.0
1.5
.5
.5
                  7-mode cycle emission rates

                  CO (g/bhp-hr)        12.13
                  HC (g/bhp-hr)         1.46
                  NOX (g/bhp-hr)       16.32
                  BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)       .508
                  Smoke (% opacity)      .8
           EXPERIMENTAL INJECTORS - STANDARD TIMING
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm
500
1,200
1,225
1,200
2,100
2,100
2jl25
Power ,
bhp
0
2
78
152
236
120
5
CO,
R/hr
27.6
138
100
3,648
501
110
183
HC,
fi/hr
22.0
86
89
40
69
38
63
NOX,
g/hr
96.8
200
762
1,514
2,482
930
266
Fuel,
Ib/hr
4.5
10.0
31.0
66.0
98.0
59.0
25.7
Smoke ,
% opacity
0.6
.6
1.0
5.5
1.6
1.4
.6
                  7-mode cycle emission rates

                  CO (g/bhp-hr)         8.08
                  HC (g/bhp-hr)          .80
                  NOX (g/bhp-hr)       11.03
                  BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)       .519
                  Smoke (% opacity)     1.3

-------
 126
TABLE D-2. - The effect of fuel injection characteristics on
                  exhaust emissions using a simplified
                          7-mode cycle (Cont'd)

                       [Engine No. 17]
EXPERIMENTAL


1
2
6
10
13
17
21






Speed,


1
1
1
2
2
2






rpm
500
S250
,250
,200
,100
,100
A100 .






Power
bhp
0
1
83
160
264
132
0






EXPERIMENTAL
INJECTORS - TIMING RETARDED 1.7 DEGREES
, CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
62o7 24.4
268 116
90 35
6,326 39
1,429 67
108 41
277 100
7-mode cycle emission
CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NO (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
NOX,
R/hr
73.4
114
690
1,354
2,662
984
212
rates
13.67
.77
9.86
.516
1.9
INJECTORS - TIMING RETARDED 3.4
Fuel,
Ib/hr
4.0
10.0
32.0
74.0
111.7
63.2
23.2






DEGREES
Smoke ,
% opacity
0
0
.5
15.4
1.6
.7
.6







(Average of two tests)
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm

1
1
1
2
2
500
,175
S175
r200
S100
S100
2S1CO
Power
bhp
0
3
78
159
260
130
6





















CO, HC,
K/hr e/hr
82.7 34.7
400 264
106 59
6,806 41
1,555 60
108 30
376 158
7-mode cycle emission
CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (7» opacity)
NO*,
e/hr
53.6
88
580
1,194
2,184
782
190
rates
15o22
1.18
8,23
.513
206
Fuel,
Ib/hr
3.2
9.8
32.0
74.0
110.0
62.5
25.2






Smoke ,
% opacity
0.3
.2
0
20.4
3.0
.9
.2







-------
                                                            127
TABLE D-2. - The effect of fuel injection characteristics on
                  exhaust emissions using a simplified
                          7-mode cycle (Cont'd)

                       [Engine No. 17]
EXPERIMENTAL INJECTORS - TIMING RETARDED 5,
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21






Speed,
rpm
500
1,200
1,250
1,200
2,100
2,125
2A125






Power
bhp
0
0
83
160
250
127
0






, CO, HC,
e/hr e/hr
106.0 37.9
529 456
130 69
6,640 95
1,275 126
120 73
278 293
7-mode cycle emission
CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (7« opacity)
NOX,
E/hr •
46o6
60
506
1,123
1,925
695
170
rates
15.15
2.01
7.53
.534
3.6
,1 DEGREES
Fuel,
Ib/hr
3.3
10.9
35.0
73.3
110.6
63.2
25.3






Smoke ,
% opacity
0.5
1.2
1.0
23.7
3.8
2.4
1.6







-------
128
  TABLE D-3. - The effect of injection timing on exhaust
               emission/using a simplified 7-mode cycle

                      [Engine No. 19]

Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21

Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3.000
INJECTION TIMING 26° BEFORE
Power, CO, HC,
bhp g/hr g/hr
0 78o7 64.5
1 472 596
68 564 486
136 269 120
165 485 109
82 933 774
1 508 506
TOP CENTER
NOX,
R/hr
19.1
37
173
681
637
229
61
(ETC)
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2.3'
13.8
31.5
54.0
71.0
47.0
24.0

Smoke ,
% opacity
1.6
.9
2.8
9.4
6.9
3.0
2.1
7-mode cycle emission rates






Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21






Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3,000
CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
INJECTION TIMING 28° BEFORE
Power, CO, HC,
bhp g/hr g/hr
0 76.9 58.4
1 432 443
68 562 417
137 226 152
167 412 132
83 879 633
1 452 410
7.83
6.29
4.18
.553
3.2
TOP CENTER
NOX,
g/hr
28.6
37
311
802
862
270
70





(ETC)
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2oO
12.5
31.0
53.5
70.0
45.5
22.5






Smoke ,
7o opacity
1.4
.8
1.8
7.7
7.1
3.0
2.1
7-mode cycle emission rates










CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
7d6
5.30
5.40
.532
2.8











-------
                                                           129
TABLE D->3. ~ The effect of  injection  timing  on  exhaust
             emission using a simplified  7-mode cycle   (Cont'd)

                     [Engine No.  19]
INJECTION TIMING 30° BEFORE TOP CENTER (ETC)
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21

Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3A000

Power,
bhp
0
0
69
137
169
84
1
CO, HC,
R/hr R/hr
87.2 62.1
383 306
473 397
238 152
303 158
793 567
388 345
NOX,
R/£r
35.8
48
395
955
951
352
89
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2.3
12.0
30.6
53.6
69.6
44.2
21.5
Smoke ,
% opacity
1.5
.3
1.6
7.9
6.5
1.8
.6
7-mode cycle emission rates

CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NO (g/bhp-hr)
BS1?C (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
6.36
4.72
6.38
.523
2.5



INJECTION TIMING 32° BEFORE
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21

Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3A000

Power,
bhp
0
0
69
137
169
85
1
CO, HC,
g/hr R/hr
86.0 56.6
357 259
456 353
312 168
326 156
762 469
356 302
TOP CENTER (ETC)
NOX,
R/hr
43.1
67
476
1,095
1,160
437
108
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2.1
11.4
31.0
53.5
69. .7
43.0
19.8
Smoke ,
7, opacity
1.5
.6
1.1
7.7
7.7
2.8
.3
7-mode cycle emission rates

CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
6.32
4.19
7.63
.514
2.6



-------
130
TABLE D-3..  -  The  effect  of injection timing  on exhaust
              emission  using a  simplified  7-mode cycle  (Cont'd)

                      [Engine No.  19]
INJECTION TIMING 34° BEFORE TOP CENTER (ETC)
Manufacturer's recommended setting (Average of three tests)

Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3,000
Power,
bhp
0
2
70
139
174
87
2
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
63.1 37.5
352 225
458 339
521 157
350 160
892 465
351 254
NOX,
g/hr
50.1
81
493
1,145
1,194
452
123
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2.9
12.5
31.0
54.6
71.3
44.2
21.1
Smoke ,
% opacity
1.0
.8
1.4
9.1
7.1
2.7
1.9
7-mode cycle emission rates















CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
6.68
3.69
7.78
.519
2.7











INJECTION TIMING 36° BEFORE

Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
IjQOO
Power,
bhp
0
1
67
135
172
86
1
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
87.5 52.9
344 188
605 370
885 203
406 169
745 393
291 181
TOP CENTER (ETC)
NOX,
K/Sr
64.7
115
591
1,546
1,494
634
168
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2.2
10.6
30.4
53.0
69.6
42.3
18.4
Smoke ,
% opacity
1.7
.8
2.2
14.1
6.6
1.8
.9
                7-mode  cycle  emission rates
                CO  (g/bhp-hr)
                HC  (g/bhp-hr)
                NOV (g/bhp-hr)
                BSFC  (Ib/bhp-hr)
                Smoke  (% opacity)
 7.85
 3.71
10.40
  .505
 3.3

-------
                                                           131
TABLE D-3. - The effect of Injection timing on exhaust
             emission using a simplified 7-mode cycle   (Cont'd)

                     [Engine No. 19]
INJECTION TIMING 38° BEFORE
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3,000
Power,
bhp
0
1
67
134
172
86
1
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
82.3 42.5
379 183
753 368
1,415 301
839 204
768 370
316 161
TOP CENTER (ETC)
NOX,
g/hr
69.1
120
578
1,356
1,631
663
199
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2.6
11.4
31.0
54.5
71.0
42.4
18.5
Smoke ,
% opacity
1.9
.4
3.9
18.2
9.9
2.8
1.6
7-mode cycle emission rates



CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NO (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (70 opacity)
10.41
3.81
10.46
.519
4.4



INJECTION TIMING 40° BEFORE
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3,000
Power,
bhp
0
1
65
131
169
85
1
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
91.7 41.8
377 172
914 400
1,901 343
1,254 229
734 383
313 161
TOP CENTER (ETC)
NOX,
8/hr
72.9
148
647
1,640
1,808
739
239
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2.5
11.4
30.7
54.5
70.5
43.0
18.5
Smoke ,
% opacity
2.8
1.1
5.5
23.6
13.8
3.8
2.3
7-mode cycle emission rates



CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
12.96
4.10
12.20
.528
6.1



-------
132
TABLE D-3.  -  The  effect  of  injection timing on exhaust
              emission  using a  simplified 7-mode cycle  (Cont'd)

                      [Engine No.  19]
INJECTION TIMING 42° BEFORE

Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21






Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3A000






Power,
bhp
0
1
63
126
163
82
1
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
93.9 43.3
433 177
1,124 467
2,515 501
1,922 306
821 446
325 152
TOP
NCy,
g/hr
82
169
674
1,487
1,904
808
268
CENTER (ETC)
Fuel, .
Ib/hr
.5 2.5
11.5
30.2
55.5
70.5
41.5
18.4

Smoke ,
7» opacity
5.5
.5
9.4
27.5
19.3
5.1
3.2
7-mode cycle emission rates





CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NO (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
17.
5.
12.
.
8.
24
10
18
545
7






INJECTION TIMING 44° BEFORE

Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3^000
Power,
bhp
0
1
61
121
159
79
1
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
98.5 40.8
378 163
1,306 516
3,311 584
2,787 357
982 407
334 146
TOP
NOX,
g/hr
89
189
710
1,468
1,929
875
303
CENTER (BTC)
Fuel,
Ib/hr
.9 2.4
11.0
29.6
54.5
70.5
42.4
18.5

Smoke ,
70 opacity
6.6
2.5
9.9
31.9
24.8
7.2
2.6
                7-mode  cycle  emission  rates

                CO  (g/bhp-hr)        22.49
                HC  (g/bhp-hr)          5.54
                NOX  (g/bhp-hr)       13.82
                BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)        .559
                Smoke (7« opacity)    10.5

-------
                                                            133
TABLE D-4. -  The effect  of exhaust  gas  recirculation (EGR)
               and  injection timing on  exhaust emissions
                    using  a simplified  7-mode cycle

                       [Engine  No.  19]
STANDARD

Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3,000
INJECTION
, Power ,
bhp
0
1
68
137
174
87
1
TIMING 34° BEFORE
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
77.5 46.1
360 223
564 314
710 225
363 145
773 426
351 241
TOP CENTER
NOX,
g/hr
53.9
82
475
1,024
1,035
429
115
(ETC) WITH
Fuel,
Ib/hr 7o
2.4
11.5
31.1
54.5
70.1
43.4
18.9
5 PCT EGR
Smoke ,
opacity
0.8
.7
2.9
12.1
9.9
3.7
1.8
EGR,
pet
6.7
7.3
4.8
4.3
5.1
5.4
5.5
7-mode cycle emission rates















CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
7.33
3.76
7.21
.511
3.4
















STANDARD

Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21




Speed
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3^.000




INJECTION
, Power,
bhp
0
0
67
135
173
86
1
TIMING 34° BEFORE
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
78.9 45.8
335 196
422 291
846 173
696 131
807 434
336 222
TOP CENTER
NO .
«/fir
38.8
71
369
710
684
335
102
(ETC) WITH
Fuel,
Ib/hr %
2.3
11.3
30.6
54.6
71.0
43.4
19.2
10 PCT
Smoke ,
opacity
1.3
1.0
2.8
16.5
13.8
2.6
1.9
EGR
EGR,
pet
13.6
12.0
9.7
10.1
11.0
12.0
13.2
7-mode cycle emission rates



CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
8.13
3.53
5.25









                BSFC  (Ib/bhp-hr)        .518
                Smoke  (% opacity)      4.4

-------
  134
TABLE D-4.  - The effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
                and injection timing on exhaust emissions
                     using a simplified 7-mode cycle (Cont'd)

                        [Engine No. 19]
STANDARD
Mode
1
2
•6
10
13
17
21

Speed
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3^000

INJECTION
, Power,
bhp
0
0
66
133
166
83
1

TIMING 34° BEFORE TOP
CENTER
CO, HC, NO ,
g/hr g/hr g/hr
66.6 33.4
317 159
481 266
1,451 188
1,115 120
770 393
326 193
7-mode cycle emission
CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOV (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (70 opacity)
32.1
62
268'
394
386 .
241
81
rates
10.53
3.24
3.48
.523
5.9
(ETC) WITH
Fuel,
Ib/hr 7o
2.2
11.3
30.1
53.5
70.2
42.1
19.0

15 PCT EGR
Smoke,
opacity
0.4
.3
3.1
30.8
19.9
3.0
.7

EGR,
pet
19.0
18.2
16.8
15.8
15.8
16.8
17.0


ADVANCED
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21

Speed
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3A000.

INJECTION
, Power,
bhp
0
0
67
134
174
87
1

TIMING 36° BEFORE TOP CENTER
CO, HC, NO
g/hr g/hr g/
86.6 44.9
352 193
576 323
1,157 205 1,
699 159 1,
744 422
320 186
7-mode cycle emission
CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke ,(7o opacity)
&
53.9
101
500
152
199
505
140
rates
9.06
3.60
8.23
.512
3.5
(ETC) WITH
Fuel,
Ib/hr 7o
2.4
11.0
30.6
54.6
70.1
42.5
18.8

5 PCT EGR
Smoke ,
opacity
0.6
.4
1.7
16.6
9.9
2.8
.9


EGR,
pet
7.0
6.6
4.5
4.0
5.0
5.5
5.5


-------
                                                                135
   TABLE D-4. - The effect of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR)
                  and injection timing on exhaust emissions
                       bsing a simplified 7-mode cycle  (Cont'd)

                            [Engine No. 19]
ADVANCED INJECTION TIMING 36° BEFORE TOP CENTER (ETC) WITH 10 PCT EGR
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3^000
Power,
bhp
0
0
67
134
171
86
1
CO,
K/hr
88.6
348
638
1,412
920
776
329
HC,
g/hr
46.2
178
311
200
133
342
181
NOX,
S/hr
47.5
92
412
807
824
397
123
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2.2
11.0
30.3
54.0
71.0
43.4
18.5
Smoke ,
% opacity
2.2
1.6
5.0
24.8
16.0
4.4
2.4
EGR,
pet
15.2
15.0
9.9
9.9
10.7
11.4
12.0
                    7-mode cycle emission rates
                    CO (g/bhp-hr)        10.41
                    HC (g/bhp-hr)         3.33
                    NOX (g/bhp-hr)        6.20
                    BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)       .516
                    Smoke (% opacity)     6.3
ADVANCED INJECTION TIMING 36° BEFORE TOP CENTER (ETC) WITH 15 PCT EGR
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm
600
2,200
2,200
2,200
3,000
3,000
3A000
Power,
bhp
1
1
65
130
166
83
1
CO,
S/hr
75.5
325
630
2,014
1,521
711
290
HC,
S/hr
33.1
157
281
258
123
332
154
NOX,
g/hr
45.8
81
298
458
474
291
103
Fuel,
Ib/hr
2.3
10.7
29.4
53.6
70.5
42.4
18.3
. • Smoke ,
% opacity
1.5
.4
4.5
38.5
24.1
3.4
.8
EGR,
pet
18.7
17.7
16.5
15.4
15.7
16.6
16.6
                    7-mode cycle emission rates

                    CO (g/bhp-hr)        12.87
                    HC (g/bhp-hr)         3.19
                    NOX (g/bhp-hr)        4.20
                    BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)       .520
                    Smoke (% opacity)     7.0

-------
     136
TABLE D-5. - The effect of injection timing on exhaust emission using
                    a simplified 7-mode cycle (standard pump
                                  and nozzles)

                           [Engine No. 20]
STANDARD TIMING
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21







Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21






Speed,
rpm
600
1,400
1,400
1,400
2,400
2,400
2^400







Speed,
rpm
600
1,400
1,400
1,400
2,400
2,400
2*400 .






Power
bhp
0
5
135
271
290
145
6
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
328 153
442 324
209 262
1,770 102
935 300
376 458
325 693
NOX,
g/hr
43.6
302
1,875
3,761
4,440
1,482
300
Fuel,
Ib/hr
3.0
12.5
53.5
102.8
137.8
81.2
33.3
Smoke,
% opacity
0.6
.4
2.8
8.6
2.8
6.4
1.7
7-mode cycle emission rates






Power
bhp
0
5
134
267
287
142
7
CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NO (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
TIMING RETARDED 3
, CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
205 117
323 305
190 257
1,765 116
1,336 195
428 435
336 551
6.30
3.23
14.48
.508
2.5
DEGREES
NOX,
g/hr
79.1
241
1,382
2,981
3,194
1,078
302






Fuel,
Ib/hr
3.8
12.5
54.7
105.5
139.0
81.0
35.0






Smoke ,
% opacity
1.0
1.0
4.2
12.2
5.5
7.7
5.0
7-mode cycle emission rates





CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
6.17
2.73
11.28
.526
4.0











-------
                                                            137
TABLE D-6. - The effect of aftercooling on exhaust emissions
                     using a simplified 7-mode cycle

                       [Engine No. 20]
TIMING RETARDED 3 DEGREES
Maximum inlet air temperature = 250°
Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm

1
1
1
2
2
2
600
,400
,400
,400
,400
,400
,400
Power
bhp
0
5
137
275
292
148
6
CO, HC,
R/hr R/hr
208 112
355 287
203 245
1,819 138
941 301
452 452
315 481
NOX,
R/hr
83.7-
260
1,423
3,166
2.327
996
326
F

Fuel,
Ib/hr
3.
13.
55.
105.
138.
85.
33.
7
7
5
5
6
3
0


Smoke ,
% opacity
0

3
13
8
8
4
.5
.5
.9
.2
.0
.8
.4
7-mode cycle emission rates
























CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
TIMING RETARDED 3
5.70
2.73
10.23
.517
4.1
DEGREES
Maximum inlet air temperature = 200°


1
2
6
10
13
17
21






Speed,


1
1
1
2
2
rpm
600
,400
,400
,400
,400
,400
2A400












Power
bhp
0
5
138
275
295
148
6
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
208 112
355 287
203 245
1,819 138
933 355
452 452
315 481
NOX,
R/hr
83.7
260
1,423
3,166
1,966
996
326



i.


F
Fuel





















, Smoke ,
Ib/hr
3.
13.
55.
105.
138.
85.
33.
7
7
5
5
0
3
0
% opacity
0

3
13
6
8
4
.5
.5
.9
.2
.6
.8
.4
7-mode cycle emission rates





CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
5.66
2.78
9.77
.514
3.9





















-------
 138
TABLE D-6. - The effect of aftercooling on exhaust emissions
                 using a simplified 7-mode cycle (Cont'd)

                       [Engine No. 20]
TIMING RETARDED 3 DEGREES
.Maximum inlet air temperature = 150° F

o e
1
2
6
10
13
17
21






Speed,
rpm
600
1,400
1,400
1,400
2,400
2,400
2A400






Power
bhp
0
5
138
276
295
148
5






CO, HC,
g/hr R/hr
208 112
355 287
203 245
1,171 142 .
1,001 340
460 528
336 593
7-mode cycle emission
CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
NOX,
R/hr
83.7
260
1,423
2,648
1,797
792
280
rates
5.03
2.98
8.69
.512
3.6
Fuel,
Ib/hr
3.7
13.7
55.5
105.0
140.0
84.0
31.0






Smoke,
% opacity
0.5
.5
3.9
10.2
6.8
8.8
3.3







-------
                                                                 139
TABLE D-7,, - The effect of injection timing on exhaust emission using
                   a simplified 7-mode cycle (special pump and
                                   nozzle kit)

              [Aftercooler installed - no cooling water]

                            [Engine No. 20]
STANDARD, TIMING


1
2
6
10
13
17
21







Mode
1
2
6
10
13
17
21
Speed,
rpm
700
1,400
1,400
1,400
2,400
2,400
2A400 .







Speed,
rpm
700
1,400
1,400
1,400
2,400
2,400
2,400
Power
bhp
0
5
136
271
311
155
5
CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
92.0 73.8
93 109
306 212
1,333 116
800 239
420 362
167 180
NOX,
g/hr
203
524
1,889
3,771
3,543
1,675
606
Fuel,
Ib/hr
4.3
13.7
54.7
103
140
86
36
Smoke ,
7o opacity
0.3
.6
2.9
6.6
5.5
3.5
2.6
7-mode cycle emission rates






Power
bhp
0
5
137
271
302
151
5
CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (% opacity)
TIMING RETARDED 3
, CO, HC,
g/hr g/hr
69.1 55.3
101 98
264 215
1,019 138
950 234
513 370
210 197
3.95
1.71
14.51
.510
2.3
DEGREES
NOx,
g/hr
225
455
1,469
3,154
2,619
1,282
455






Fuel
Ib/hr
3.8
13.0
58.0
103.5
140.5
84.1
37.5






Smoke ,
% opacity
0.3
.3
4.4
7,7
6.7
7.9
7.2
7-mode cycle emission rates















CO (g/bhp-hr)
HC (g/bhp-hr)
NOX (g/bhp-hr)
BSFC (Ib/bhp-hr)
Smoke (7o opacity)
3.83
1.69
11.86
.519
3.5











-------
                                                         .40
APPENDIX E. -- RESULTS FROM TESTS USING COMBINATIONS OF '
                 PARAMETERS FOR REDUCED EMISSIONS FOR
                       HEAVY DUTY DIESEL ENGINES
                            (23-MODE CYCLE)

-------
TABLE E-l
COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NO. i FOR ENGINE NO. 15 — STO.  riMiNGf  102
EGR, AND ENGELHARD CATALYST (NOTE EGR HAS CUTOFF DURING MODES 10 AMD 13
OF THE CYCLE)*
MODE
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
3
9
10
11
12*
13
14
IS
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM BHP LB/HR
550
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
1700
550

2800
2800
2800
2800
2800
2800
2800
2800
2800
550

0.4
2.9
11.7
26.2
36.6
73.2
109.4
119.8
134.3
149.9
0.4

205.3
185.0
164.7
150.9
100.2
50.1
36.3
16.0
4.3
0.2

337
993
995
999
1001
1012
1025
1029
1035
1199
334

1815
1465
1459
1454
1433
1418
1416
1410
1413
334

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
2.8
9.0
11.0
15.0
17.5
28.5
41.0
45.0
51.0
56.4
2.5

86.4
72.5
66.0
61.0
45.0
30.0
27.5
22.0
20.0
2.2

1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
3.5
5.0
14.0
15.0
2.0

16.0
11.0
9.0
6.0
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.0

CO
PPM
464
802
758
538
317
74
55
63
108
149
481

272
168
127
109
103
172
206
281
449
432

HC
PPMC
323
528
500
481
447
361
366
352
352
265
419

177
228
243
285
304
304
328
438
656
524

NOX
PPM
129
103
177
262
353
581
671
700
665
1151
136

1128
656
667
655
532
337
268
175
135
141

CO
GM/HR
68.6
349.0
330.3
235.5
139.2
33.0
24.7
28.3
49.2
78.1
70.3

216.2
108.2
81.0
69.8
64.6
107.1
127.5
173.6
277.9
63.3

HC
GM/HR
24.0
115.3
109.4
105.7
98.4
80.4
82.5
79.7
80.1
69.9
30.7

70.7
73.5
78.0
91.1
95.8
94.8
102.2
135.9
203.9
38.5

N02
GM/HR
31.3
73.7
126.8
188.1
254.6
423.4
495.3
518.7
495.5
993.1
32.6

1473.2
692.3
701.0
685.7
548.7
343.6
273.6
178.1
137.1
33.9

                    ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                        BSCO  2.06 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSHC  1.24 GM/6HP-HR
                       BSN02  5.36 GM/8HP-HR
                        8SFC 0.453 L8/6HP-HR
   ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                                                        ==TEST CONDITIONS=»
                                                        BAROMETER 743.6 MMHG
                                                      HUMIDITY  60 GRAINS/LB
                                            MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 21.0 MH20
                                        «AX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 34.6 WH20
                                             INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 63F - 72F
                                                    MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1322F

-------
TAELE E-2
COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS  NOo  2 FOR EKGIfVF NC.  15  — TJi«IfSiG RETARDED
3 DEGREES* 5? EGR9  AK'D  ENGELHARC CATALYST dfvCTE EGR WAS CUTOFF  CURING
MOOES 1C AND 13 OF  THE CYCLESo
HCDE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE C
SPEED
RPM
550
17CO
1700
1700
1700
1700
170C
1700
1700
170C
550

280C
2800
2600
2800
2800
2800
2600
2800
2800
550

JBSERVED f
POWER
8HP
0.1
2.9
11.3
25.6
3 5. *
71.5
107.1
115.6
131.4
144.7
0.4

202.6
181.3
161.5
148.2
98.6
49.6
35.7
16.0
3.7
0.3

EXHAUST
FLOW
LB/HR
392
1C95
1C94
1C94
1C97
HCe
11 1C
1123
1131
1136
391

1672
1552
1553
154€
1532
1514
1515
1516
1513
386

FtEL
FLOW f
LB/HR (
2.0
8.7
10.5
15.0
17.5
28.5
31.0
43.5
52.0
57.0
2.0

85.0
74,5
66.0
61.0
45.0
32.0
28.5
24.0
21.5
2.0

SKCKE
>ERCEI\T
3PACITY
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
9.0
16.5
1.0

11.5
10.0
8.0
6.5
2.5
2.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
l.C

cc
ppp
371
680
683
552
395
94
66
64
108
169
352

196
190
160
153
162
223
250
300
444
371

HC
PPiMC
471
780
722
660
520
381
331
272
213
if>Q
471

90
t*3
135
216
290
428
578
935
1650
761

NOX
PPM
103
98
139
212
264
476
628
649
638
613
108

821
578
557
548
405
240
184
115
83
103

CG
GM/HR
63.8
326.4
330.0
264.9
189.8
45.5
32.1
31.7
53.8
84.2
60.4

144.0
129.0
109.2
104.0
108.5
147.9
166.1
199.3
294.4
63.2

HC
GM/HR
40.7
186.0
173.7
160.4
125.5
92.9
80.9
67.2
53.0
37.5
40.5

33.1
28.3
46.1
73.6
97.7
142.6
192.7
311.8
549.3
65.0

NG2
GM/HR
29.1
77.2
109.7
166.9
208.5
379. 4
501.9
524.6
519.6
665.6
30.4

987.7
645.2
622.6
610.6
446.7
261.9
200.8
125.1
90.2
28.8

                      = 23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                         BSCO  2.28 GM/BHP-HR
                         BSHC  1.59 GK/6HP-HR
                        8SN02  4.69 GM/8HP-HR
                         BSFC 0.461 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED MCDES
                                                          ==TEST CONDITIONS"
                                                          BAROMETER  745.0 MMHG
                                                        HUMIDITY   53 GRAINS/LB
                                                   INLET RESTRICTION 25.0 "h20
                                              EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 41.6 "h20
                                              1KLET  AIR TEMP. RAKGE 63F - 76F
                                                      MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1430F

-------
TABLE E-3
COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NO.  3 FOR ENGIISF NC. 15 —  TIMING
3 DEGREES, 10SEGR,  AND  ENGELHARD CATALYST  (NCTE EGR WAS  CUTOFF DURING
MODES 10 AND  13 OF  THE  CYCLE).
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
2C
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLGh
RPM BHP L6/HR
550
1700
1700
1700
1700
170C
17CO
1700
1700
1700
550

280C
2800
2£OC
2600
280C
2600
280C
2800
2600
550

0.4
2.8
11.0
24.9
34.3
68.9
103.6
111.7
125.6
144.4
C.4

203.1
175.4
155.7
144.5
S6.5
48.5
34.7
15.5
3.7
0.2

337
995
1C51
1C59
1C61
1017
1C2€
1032
1C39
1150
337

17CC
1472
1466
1458
1441
1428
1478
1479
1476
337

FL'EL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
2.0
8.5
11.0
15.0
17.5
27.5
39.0
42.5
50.0
58.5
2.0

86.0
71.5
65.0
62.0
45.0
31.5
28.5
24.5
21.5
2.0

1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
2.8
4.5
10.0
17.6
3.0

12.5
13.2
9.0
8.0
5.0
2.2
1.6
1.5
1.5
2.0

CC
PPF
384
634
737
577
344
101
72
71
101
157
403

189
221
183
172
161
226
262
322
410
403

HC
PPMC
565
1015
9S:>
870
705

-------
    E E-4  COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS  NCo  3 fREPLICATE CF TEST IN TASLE  E-3J FOR
           EWGIWE WCU 15 —  TIMING  RETARDED 3 DEGREES* 103 EGR9 AND  ENGELW^RD
           CATALYST  INGTE EGR  &AS CUTOFF  DURING HCOES 10 AJvC 13 OF THE  CVCL6).
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
iO
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
IS
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE (
SPEED
RP«
550
1700
17CO
1700
1700
1700
1700
170C
1700
170C
550

2800
2600
2800
2800
2600
2600
2800
2800
2800
550

OBSERVED 1
POWER
8HP
0.4
2.8
11. C
24.9
34.3
68.9
103.6
112.0
125.9
143.7
0.4

191.9
174.3
155.7
143.9
96.0
48.0
34.7
15.5
3.7
0.2

EXHAUST
FLCts
LB/HR
336
992
99C
1C48
1C5C
1061
1C73
1C76
1C79
1129
335

168C
1456
1446
1496
1475
1467
1463
1459
1456
332

FUEL
FLCk \
L8/HR (
2.0
9.0
1C. 5
14.5
17.0
27.5
4G.O
42.5
49.0
56.5
2.0

87.0
74.0
65.5
61.5
44.5
32.0
26.0
24.0
21.0
2.0

SHCKE
>ERCENT
jPACITY
1.7
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
3.3
8.0
18.7
2.0

12.0
12.0
8.5
6.5
3.3
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.5
3.0

CC
PPf
408
744
776
672
446
110
76
75
101
173
398

216
244
206
193
198
252
280
335
467
413

HC
PPHC
570
988
913
846
599
466
438
361
285
162
551

171
109
143
233
304
447
570
856
1350
707

NGX
PPM
1C 5
90
123
178
217
384
467
483
480
718
105

731
379
384
379
294
184
147
96
75
95

CG
CM/HP
60.1
323*5
336.7
308.5
205.3
51.1
35.6
35.5
47.9
85.5
58.5

158.7
155.6
131.0
126.5
127.9
162.2
179.3
214.5
298.0
60.0

HC
GN/HR
42.1
215.5
198.8
195.0
138.4
106.8
103.4
85.4
67.6
40.2
40.6

63.2
34.9
45.5
76.7
98.6
144.3
183.5
274.8
432.4
51.6

NO 2
GM/HR
25.4
64.3
87.5
134.4
164.4
293.1
361.2
373.8
373.0
584.0
25.3

883.7
397.5
400.6
408.7
312.3
194.7
154.3
100.9
78.6
22.8

                      = 23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                        BSCO  2.54 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  1.79 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSNC2  3.52 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC C.475 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED  WOOES
                "TEST  CCNCITIONS==
                BAROMETER 745.4 MMHG
               HUMIDITY   60 GRAINS/LB
    PAX. INLET  RESTRICTION 25.0 «h20
MAX. EXHAUST  BACK  PRESSURE 41.6 «^20
     INLET AIR  TEMP.  RANGE 64F - 75F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1455F

-------
TABLE E-5  COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NO.
           EGRV AND NO AFTERCGCLIfvG.
                                          1 FOR ENGINE NC. 16 — STC. TIMING,  10%
MODE
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POKER FLOh
RPM BttP LB/HR
550
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
550

2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
550

0.2
3.7
14.3
32.3
44.5
89.3
134.0
146.5
164.5
178.5
0.2

245.9
226.2
201.5
184.3
123.2
61.6
44.4
19*7
5.0
0.2

295
847
846
9Q6
905
971
1131
1181
1282
1379
291

2C44
1866
1757
1654
1363
1195
1194
1139
1136
294

FUEL SMOKE
FLO* PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
1.4
9.0
11.0
16.0
18.5
32.6
49.0
53.4
61.0
70.0
1.4

99.0
69.0
8C.5
72.0
50.4
3C.O
25.5
19.3
15.5
2.5

3.8
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
7.7
10.0
12.2
17.6
17.5
4.5

6.6
6.6
7.5
7.5
3.3
5.5
6.5
5.5
5.5
2.2

CO
PPP
458
303
214
135
134
140
127
190
329
530
401

150
119
104
90
91
133
174
220
265
1209

HC
PPMC
123
70
50 '
53
63
80
62
46
37
30
116

30
23
28
33
47
53
65
55
62
2769

NGX
PPM
98
116
163
290
421
542
355
322
302
317
127

399
440
451
444
438
365
288
167
125
107

CO
GM/HR
59.2
112.6
79.5
53.6'
53.2
59.4
63.1
98.4
185.0
320.1
51.2

134.4
97.2
80.1
65.2
54.6
69.5
91.1
110.0
132.1
156.0

HC
GM/HR
8.0
13.0
9.3
1C. 6
12.6
17.1
15.4
11.9
10.4
9.1
7.4

13.5
9.4
10.8
12.0
14.1
13.9
17.1
13.8
15.5
179.4

N02
GM/HR
20.8
70.7
99.6
189.4
274.5
379.2
288.9
273.6
278.8
315.2
26.7

587.3
591.0
570.3
529.0
429.6
314.2
247.6
136.9
102.1
22.6

                    ==23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE*'
                        BSCO   1.09 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   0.37 GM/6HP-HR
                       BSN02   3.33 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  0.421 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED MODES
                                                                    «=TEST  CONDITIONS"
                                                                    BAROMETER  730.2 MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY   70 GRAINS/LB
                                                        MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 26.5 «h20
                                                    MAX. EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 18.5 "H2Q
                                                         INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 91F -1C1F
                                                                MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1139F

-------
TABLE E-6  COMBINATION  OF  PARAMETERS fcO,
           EGR, AND  15CF AFTERCCCLING.
2 FOR ENGINE NO.  16  — STD. TIKING,  10S
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE (
SPEED
RPM
550
1600
UOC
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
160C
550

2200
2200
220C
220C
220C
2200
2200
2200
220C
550

JBSERVED t
POkER
BHP
C.I
5.2
14.6
32.9
45.7
51.4
137.1
149.9
168.2
182.8
C.I

246.7
227. C
201.9
184.7
123.2
61.6
44.4
19.7
5.0
0.1

EXHAUST
FLOW
LB/HR
283
816
872
865
93C
1CCC
1156
1206
1314
13S8
286

2048
1S26
1775
1660
1419
1217
1172
1165
1162
291

FUEL
FLCVi (
LB/HR {
1.9
9.0
12.0
17.0
20.0
34.0
50.0
55.0
64.5
70. 0
1.5

98.0
88.0
77.0
70.0
48.0
30.0
25.0
18.5
15.0
1.5

SMOKE
'ERCENT
]PACITY
0.5
2.5
3.3
3.3
3.3
5.5
7.5
9.5
12.0
13.0
1.5

4.4
4.4
4.4
4.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.5
5.5
2.0

cc
PPJX
565
337
253
144
120
139
136
194
271
353
485

108
99
91
91
93
118
151
203
267
556

HC
PPMC
545
91
62
60
77
77
60
55
48
41
177

41
37
36
37
41
46
53
51
65
560

BOX
PPM
87
111
154
278
417
528
364
332
336
319
97

344
369
376
396
428
348
272
170
121
97

CO
GM/HR
70.2
120.7
96.6
55.9
48.7
61.1
69.2
102.7
156.0
216.5
60.9

96.9
84.0
70.8
67.2
57.8
62.8
77.6
103.8
135.9
70.9

HC
GM/HR
34.0
16.3
11.9
11.7
15.8
16.9
15.3
14.6
13.9
12.6
11.1

18.5
15.7
14.1
13,7
12.8
12.3
13.7
13.1
16.6
35.8

N02
GM/HR
17.7
65.3
96.4
177.1
279.1
380.5
302.6
287.9
318.2
320.9
20.0

507.1
511.8
480.3
479.1
436.7
305.1
229.3
142.6
101.0
20.3

                      •23 MODE  CYCLE  COMPOSITE'
                        8SCO   C.99 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   0.23 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02   3.C7 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.414 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  WCOES
                           ==TEST CONCITIONS==
                           BAROMETER 737.5 MMHG
                         HUMIDITY  88 GRAINS/L6
              MAX.  INLET RESTRICTION 28.0 Wh20
          MAX. EXHAUST  BACK PRESSURE 19.0 Bh20
               INLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE101F -114F
                      MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1195F

-------
TABLE E-7
COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS KG. 3  FOR  ENGINE NC. 16 — TIMING RETARDED
5 DEGREES, 1C? EGR, AND NO AFTERCCGLING.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
15
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM BHP LB/HR
550
1600
160C
1600
1600
1600
160C
1600
160C
1600
550

2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200

0.2
3.7
14.3
32.3
45.1
89.9
134.7
147.4
165.4
179.7
0.2

240.0
221.2
196.9
180.1
120.2
59.9
43.1
19.3
5.0
0.0

299
856
860
865
867
1C29
1153
1201
1299
1392
293

1971
1893
1740
1629
1364
1143
1149
1C94
1C94
299

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
2.0
1C.O
11.0
16.5
21.0
35.0
53.0
59.0
67.0
74.5
2.0

99.5
93.0
64.5
75.0
51.0
30.0
25.5
18.5
15.0
. 2.0

1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
3.5
5.5
10.0
12.0
1.0

2.2
2.2
2.4
3.3
3.3
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.0
1.0

CC
PPK
807
610
492
298
209
112
155
246
459
603
653

165
142
115
104
101
208
270
409
496
789

HC
PPMC
575
286
190
133
116
80
54
41
34
20
368

26
22
26
27
44
77
92
143
196
708

NCX
PPM
80
80
126
258
369
433
306
306
282
281
114

407
439
431
403
381
304
243
144
93
76

CO
GM/HR
105.6
229.0
185.4
113.0
79.5
50.3
78.5
129.3
261.4
367.9
83.8

142.9
117.5
87.6
74.2
60.7
104.3
136.1
196.3
237.7
103.3

HC
GM/HR
37.8
53.9
35.9
25.3
22.1
18.1
13.7
10.8
9.7
6.1
23.7

11.3
9.2
10.0
9.7
13.2
19.4
23.3
34.4
47.2
46.5

N02
GM/HR
17.3
49.1
78.1
160.9
230.6
320.6
255.5
264.1
264.0
281.5
24.0

578.3
598.2
539.8
472.9
373.8
250.3
20C.9
113.1
77.1
16.3

                     ==23 MODE  CVCLE CCMPOSITE==
                        BSCC   1.51 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   0.34 GM/BHP-HR
                       6SN02   3.05 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.447 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED  MODES
                                                         "TEST CONDITIONS'^
                                                         BAROMETER 732.4 MMHG
                                                       HUMIDITY   58  GRAINS/LB
                                             PAX. INLET RESTRICTION  24.5 »h20
                                         MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE  18.5 "K20
                                              IM.ET AIR TEMP. RANGE  88F -1C1F
                                                     MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1280F

-------
    £ 6-8  COMBINATION  OF PARAMETERS WC0 4- FOR ENGINE  NC«  16 — TIMING  RETARDED
           §  DEGREES,  103 EGRj AND 150F AFTEBCQCLING.
NODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
a
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
EMGIfcE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLQfc
RPM BHP LB/MR
550
uoc
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
550

2200
2200
220C
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
550

0.2
3.7
14,9
34.1
47.2
94.4
141.7
154.8
173.6
186.9
0.2

245.5
226.2
201.1
183.9
122.7
61.2
44.4
19.7
4.6
0.2

317
901
9C7
909
965
1027
1252
1305
1406
1511
326

2126
2127
2CC7
1843
1778
1455
1252
1203
1199
313

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
L8/HR OPACITY
3.0
9.5
12.6
17.5
21.6
35.5
53.4
59.1
66.3
73.6
2.5

98.6
93.1
8C.O
73.1
52.5
31.6
26.5
19.7
16.0
2.7

3.0
2.5
2.4
2.0
2.0
2.2
3.3
5.0
6.6
7.7
2.2

3.3
4.4
5.0
5.5
4.4
5.5
4.4
4.4
4.4
2.2

CC
PPM
1393
754
607
370
271
126
124
158
162
201
1049

96
90
94
94
124
244
401
554
652
1135

HC
PPMC
2890
638
414
243
183
116
91
80
58
56
1465

67
58
56
62
72
116
166
248
494
1000

NCX
PPM
48
57
104
224
324
374
283
281
280
261
48

285
291
303
294
328
278
200
117
76
48

CC
GM/HR
193.7
297.5
241.4
147.3
114.6
56.8
68.0
90.6
100.0
133.2
149.9

89.2
83.8
82.3
75.6
96.6
155.4
220.1
292.0
342.5
155.7

HC
GM/HR
201.7
126.4
82.6
48.6
38.8
26.2
25.1
23,0
17.9
18.6
105.1

31.3
27.1
24.7
25.1
28.2
37.1
45.7
65.6
130.3
68.8

NO 2
GM/HR
10.9
36.9
67.7
146.4
225.1
276.5
254.9
264.1
283.3
284.3
11.2

435.7
445.5
437.1
389.8
420.0
291.4
180.0
101.5
65.2
1C. 7

                                                                                                     -P-
                                                                                                     oo
                      = 23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                        BSCO   1.92 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   0.€7 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSN02   2.55 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  C.438 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED MODES
                        CCNCITIONS*=
                 BAROMETER 737.0 MMHG
               HUMIDITY  63 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET  RESTRICTION 29.0 "I-2O
MAX. EXHAUST  BACK PRESSURE 21.0 "K20
     IIVLET  AIR  TEMP. RANGE 70F -  85F
            MAX.  EXHAUST TEMP. 1121F

-------
TABLE E-9  COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NO. 4  (REPLICATE OF jESy  IN TABLE  £-8)  ?QR
           ENGINE NO. 16 — TIMING RETARDED i> DEGREES*  10? EGR, AND  150F  AFTER-
           COOL ING.
MODE
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM BHP LB/HR
550
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
1600
550

2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
550

0.2
3.7
14.9
33.5
47.2
94.1
141.4
154.1
173.0
188.3
0.2

244.6
224.9
200.6
183.5
122.3
62.0
45.2
19.7
5.0
0.2

309
885
888
896
950
1016
1236
1237
1391
1436
304

2117
2002
1921
1771
1481
1255
1252
1197
1196
326

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
2.5
10.0
12.5
17.5
21.0
35.5
55.0
60.0
70.0
74.0
2.5

99.0
90.0
82.0
72.0
50.0
30.0
27.0
21.0
16.0
2.5

1.1
2.2
2.2
1.5
2.2
2.0
4.4
6.6
8.8
8.8
2.2

2.2
1.1
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
3.3
2.5
2.5
1.1

CO
PPM
1235
713
577
352
258
122
159
296
319
294
862

112
100
97
92
130
247
341
553
671
1183

HC
PPMC
1055
465
313
182
147
99
73
54
41
37
1520

58
60
64
66
79
120
147
257
397
970

NOX
PPM
49
68
116
238
341
386
283
254
253
263
73

295
301
303
318
343
269
209
115
72
49

CO
GM/HR
167.4
276.8
224.6
138.4
107.4
54.5
86.0
160.7
194.6
185.2
115.1

103.8
87.4
82.0
71.1
84.5
136.0
187.3
289.9
351.9
169.0

HC
GM/HR
71*8
90.6
61.1
35.9
30.7
22.1
19.9
14.7
12.5
11.7
101.8

27.0
26.4
27.0
25.7
25.7
33.1
40.5
67.7
104.4
69.5

N02
GM/HR
10.9
43.2
73.9
153.5
233.2
282.6
252.1
226.1
253.0
272.4
16.0

449.6
433.6
418.3
405.0
365.8
242.8
187.9
98.9
62.3
11.4

                    ==23 MODE CYCLE CQ«POSITE==
                        6SCO  1.83 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  0.64 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  2.52 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.434 LB/BHP-HR

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
EXHAUST TEMPERATURE NOT MONITORED FOR THIS TEST,
                ==TEST CONDITIONS"
                BAROMETER 736.0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY  72 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 28.5 «H20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 21.0 NH20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 68F -  91F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.     OF
VO

-------
TABLE £-10 COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS  NO.  1 FOR ENGINE NO,
           EXPERIMENTAL  INJECTORS.
       17 —  STC.  TIMING WITH
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE CBSERVEO EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM BHP LB/HR
50C
1200
1200
1175
1225
1225
1150
1200
1250
120C
5CC

2100
2150
215G
2100
2100
210C
2125
2125
2125
5CC

0.0
2.3
13.7
25.5
40.8
78.1
107.7
125.7
145.2
151.9
0.0

235.9
222.3
198.1
177.1
12C.O
59.2
42.9
19.0
4.9
0.0

843
1973
1970
1915
2036
2032
1992
1987
1986
1991
775

3276
3287
3274
3236
3206
32C8
3253
3232
3254
825

FLEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
L8/HR OPACITY
4.5
10.0
13. C
15.6
21.0
31.0
41.6
49.2
56.0
66.0
4.0

98.0
94.0
87.0
78.0
59.0
4C.O
35.5
29.3
25.7
5.0

0.6
0.6
0.6
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.8
3.3
5.5
0.6

1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.4
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4

cc
PPF
75
159
212
229
193
112
137
273
1085
4191
88

348
219
127
89
78
104
113
132
128
68

HC
PPKC
119
199
279
273
262
199
162
131
108
91
44

95
82
76
57
54
59
63
78
88
104

NOX
PPM
160
140
170
227
298
520
902
1020
1083
1059
155

1051
954
827
704
402
212
168
131
114
168

CO
GM/HR
27.8
137.8
183.2
192.4
172.1
100.1
119.5
238.1
945.5
3658.8
29.9

499.9
315.9
181.8
126.7
109.6
146.7
161.8
186.4
182.5
31.8

HC
GM/HR
22.1
36.4
120.9
115.0
117.3
89.0
79.8
57.3
47.2
39.9
7.5

68.5
59.3
54.7
40.6
38.1
41.6
45.1
55.5
63.0
18.9

N02
GM/HR
97.3
199.5
241.1
313.3
436.2
761.5
1294.0
1458.7
1550.5
1518.4
86.8

2478.2
2256.7
1948.6
1640.3
927.7
490.5
394.6
305.6
266.3
99.8

                                                                                                    Ui
                                                                                                    o
                    ==23 MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                        BSCO   1.99 GH/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   0.81 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSNG2 10.44 GK/8HP-HR
                        BSFC 0.490 L8/BHP-HR

   ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED  MOOES
                 ==T£ST CONDITIONS==
                 BAROMETER 743.7 MHHG
               HUMIDITY  80 GRAINS/L8
    MAX. INLET  RESTRICTION 26.0 MH20
MAX. EXHAUST  BACK PRESSURE 55.4 "H20
     INLET  AIR  TEMP. RANGE 79F -  91F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  791F

-------
TABLE E-ll COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NO. 2 FOR ENGINE NC.
           3.4 DECREES KITH  EXPERIMENTAL INJECTCRS.
       17 — TIMING RETARDED
NODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE C
SPEED
RPM
500
1150
115C
1250
1200
1150
1200
1175
1150
120G
500

21CC
2150
2150
2150
2100
2125
2100
2100
2100
500

}BSERVEO i
POWER
BHP
0.0
3.1
13.1
30.9
41.1
74.9
121.1
129.8
141.2
159.9
0.0

259.9
245.6
217. C
200.6
131.9
62.7
46.0
22.0
4.8
0.0

EXHAUST
FLOW
L6/HR
808
2086
1930
2C£8
2044
1996
1998
2004
1945
2CC5
795

3369
3368
3324
3330
33C5
332C
33CC
3326
3300
848

FUEL
FLOW (
L8/HR (
2.5
10.0
12.0
18.5
20.7
32.0
46.5
52.8
58.8
73.0
3.0

11C.O
105.0
92.0
88.0
63.0
42.0
36.5
30. 0
25.5
3.5

SMOKE
»ERCENT
3PACITY
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.6
0.0
0.0
1.5
3.8
10.0
21.5
0.0

2.7
1.5
1.0
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5

CO
PP*
232
462
404
356
277
121
196
661
3052
7950
231

993
478
174
114
73
122
162
229
266
231

HC
PPtfC
226
614
396
264
175
132
157
163
96
96
133

66
60
54
54
36
48
60
126
221
276

KCX
PPM
90
58
103
188
246
398
678
783
847
807
91

879
817
672
593
328
169
143
103
76
90

CO
GM/HR
82.0
422.0
341.6
325.3
248.4
105.8
171.8
580.7
2602.2
6986.7
.60.6

1466.6
705.9
252.8
167.0
105.8
177.3
234.7
333.5
384.4
85.9

HC
GM/HR
40.2
281.8
168.1
121.3
78.7
58.0
69.0
71.9
41.1
42.3
23.3

48.9
44.5
39.5
39.6
26.2
35.1
43.6
92.2
160.4
51.5

N02
GM/HR
52.2
86.5
143.1
282.9
361.5
571.8
975.5
1129.4
1185.6
1164.6
51.9

2133.0
1980.5
1607.4
1421.7
780.1
404.3
340.2
247.6
180.7
54.7

                    =^23  MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                        BSCO   3.64 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   C.S7 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSN02   7.84 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  0.480 LB/8HP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED MOOES
                ==TEST CONCITIONS==
                BAROMETER  746.5 MMHG
              HUMIDITY  76 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 27.0 "fc20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 55.4 "H20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 73F  - 83F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEKP.   895F

-------
TABLE E-12 COMBINATION  OF PARAMETERS WG« 2 IREPUCATE  OF  TEST IN TABLE E-llJ  FOR
           ENGINE NO.  17 — TIDING RETARDED 3,4 DEGREES fcflTH EXPERIMENTAL
           INJECTORS.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE (
SPEED
RPM
500
120C
1250
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1250
1200
500

2100
2100
210C
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
500

3BSERVED 1
POViER
BHP
0.0
3.2
14.3
2?. 7
38.8
80.0
121.1
132.5
154.2
158.1
0.0

259.9
239.9
212.7
196.7
126.7
64.0
46.0
20.8
6.0
0.0

EXHAUST
FLCfc
LB/HR
845
1986
2101
1994
2049
2002
2019
2030
2079
2071
829

3331
3283
3262
3255
3241
3256
3272
3254
3271
840

FUEL
FLCK 1
L8/HR (
4.0
9.5
14.0
17.5
21.0
32.0
48.5
53.0
64.0
75.0
4.0

110.0
104.0
93.0
86.0
62.0
41.5
36.5
29.0
25.0
4.0

SMOKE
>ERCENT
DPAC1TY
0.6
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.2
0.0
1.6
3.3
10.1
19.2
1.1

3.3
2.5
2.3
2.2
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

cc
pp*
227
433
394
309
282
121
239
632
2769
7306
218

1114
606
194
123
78
131
175
234
266
218

HC
PPKC
159
558
364
228
205
137
137
125
104
89
118

95
69
64
61
46
58
75
127
215
261

NOX
PPM
92
63
99
193
233
407
683
772
845
825
87

927
887
734
640
335
183
156
106
64
98

CO
GM/HR
84.1
376.8
362.5
270.5
253.4
106.2
211.2
562.5
2523.9
6631.6
79.2

1626.9
871.6
277.3
175.4
110.6
186.3
250.9
333.4
381.2
80.2

HC
GM/HR
29.6
243.9
168.2
100.0
92.4
60.4
60.9
55.8
47.6
40.5
21.5

69.6
49.6
45.9
43.7
32.8
41.5
54.0
90.9
154.7
48.2

N02
GM/HR
56.3
90.1
150.0
277.8
351.3
586.7
992.5
1128.0
1265.6
1230.6
52.2

2223.3
2096.4
1723.7
1500.7
782.2
428.8
368.5
247,8
197.4
59.0

                      =23  MODE  CYCLE CCMPOSITE==
                        BSCC   3.84 GH/BHP-H8
                        BSHC   0.94 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSN02   8.24 GM/8HP-HR
                        8SFC  0.485 L8/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED MODES
                 "TEST CONDITIONS"
                 BAROMETER 746.4  MMHG
               HUMIDITY  85 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 27.0  «H2O
MAX. EXHAUST  BACK PRESSURE 55.4  "H20
     INLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 79F -  89F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEHP.   925F
                                                                                                    Ul
                                                                                                    NJ

-------
TABLE E-13 COMBINATION  OF  PARAMETERS NO. 1 FOR ENGINE NC. 19 — STC.  TIMING AND
               ECR  fNOTE EGR WAS CUTOFF DURING MCCES 10 AND 13 CF THE CYCLE!.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE C
SPEED
RPM
600
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
600

3000
300C
3000
3000
3000
300C
3000
3000
3000
600

1BSERVEO f
POKER
BHP
0.5
2.5
10.9
24.3
33.9
67.4
101.4
110.6
124.0
140.3
0.5

174.2
155.4
138.8
126.8
84.5
42.3
30.3
13.7
3.4
0.5

EXHAUST
FLGU
L8/HR
296
1064
1C39
1070
1073
1072
1081
1085
1089
1211
295

1613
1370
1362
1362
1348
1341
1321
1319
1317
295

FUEL
FLGfc f
LB/HK C
2.5
12.0
13.5
18.0
21.0
30.5
40.0
43.5
48.0
54.5
2.5

72.0
66.0
58.0
54.5
44.0
33.5
29.0
22.5
20.0
2.0

SMOKE
»ERCENT
3PACITY
1.1
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.2
5.5
6.1
12.7
10.0
1.5

7.7
8.8
6.1
5.5
4.5
3.3
3.0
1.7
1.1
1.5

CC
PPM
719
737
667
330
298
1130
847
734
1285
883
563

548
631
503
559
1388
892
358
403
506
607

HC
PPMC
669
711
572
356
669
1168
584
525
593
596
533

413
435
508
563
643
2719
1631
571
684
653

NOX
PPM
197
111
169
314
416
471
630
715
801
1403
218

1055
574
513
462
323
298
279
178
115
222

CO
GM/HR
93.2
343.6
303.8
154.9
140.0
530.8
401.3
349.1
613.4
468.6
72.8

387.2
378.8
300.2
333.9
819.7
524.4
207.5
233,3
292.0
78.3

HC
GM/HR
43.6
166.4
130.8
83.8
157.9
275.4
138.9
125.3
142.1
158.7
34.6

146.6
131.1
152.2
168.8
190.6
602.4
474.2
165.7
198.1
42.3

NO 2
GM/HR
42.0
85.1
126.3
241.7
321.3
363.6
490.5
558.2
628.5
1222*6
46.4

1225.9
566.3
503.0
452.9
313.6
287.8
265.7
168.8
109.5
47.1

                      •23  MODE  CYCLE COMPCSITE==
                        BSCO  5.41 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SHC  2.86 GM/BHP-HR
                        6SN02  5.25 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.509 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED MODES
                "TEST CONDITIONS"
                BAROMETER  743.0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY 106 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 14.5 "H20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 31.9 "»20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 76F - 79F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP* 11 EOF
u>

-------
T&eiLE E-14 COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS  WQ0  2 FOR ENGINE fo00 19 —  STCo  TBMJNG AND
           15Z EGR ffoQTE EGR  feAS  CUTOFF  OU&IKG KCDES 10 £ND 13 OF  TIHE CYCLE 80
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE (
SPEED
RPM
600
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
220 C
600

3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
300G
300C
3000
3000
600

JBSERVEO i
POWER
8HP
0.0
2.5
10.5
23. 0
32.3
64.5
96.3
105.6
116.1
140.3
0.5

174.2
147.9
131.4
120.5
80.5
40.0
25. 1
12.6
3.4
0.0

EXHA4JSI
FLQfc
LB/H8
296
see
987
991
994
1003
1013
993
994
1213
295

1616
1268
1257
1283
1272
1262
1233
1230
1227
296

FUEL
FLOfe 1
L8/HR I
2.5
12.0
14.0
18.0
21.0
30.0
40.0
43.0
48.0
54.5
2.5

72.0
65.0
58.5
54.0
43.0
33.5
30.0
23.0
20.5
2.5

SHOKE
PERCENT
3PACITY
1.7
1.1
1.3
2.2
3.0
5.0
8.8
11.0
20.9
10.0
2.2

7.7
16.5
11.0
9.4
5.5
5.5
4.9
3.3
2.4
2.8

CC
PPM
673
685
608
348
297
1238
992
983
1799
883
625

548
1007
664
660
1564
978
710
351
514
647

HC
PPNC
620
696
562
375
642
1222
611
526
678
596
553

413
344
397
460
937
1892
1678
468
518
584

NOX
PPM
169
109
160
277
371
395
478
529
559
1434
196

1079
437
415
374
283
267
264
168
118
185

CO
Gfi/HR
87^3
296^5
262o9
150.9
129.2
543.9
440.3
427.7
784.2
469,7
60c8

388.1
559.6
366,1
371.3
872.0
540.9
383.5
189.3
276.5
63.8

HC
GM/HR
40.3
151.2
122.0
81.7
140.3
269.5
136.1
114.9
148.3
159.1
35.9

146.9
96.0
109.3
129.8
262.2
525.4
455.1
126.6
139,9
38.0

N02
G^/HR
35.9
77.6
113.8
197.7
265.3
285.0
348.2
377.8
400.4
1252.9
41.6

1256.2
398.5
375.4
345.1
259.3
242.6
234.4
149.0
104. C
39.4

                                                                                                    Ul
                                                                                                    .p-
                      «23  MODE  CYCLE  COMPOSITE—
                        BSCO   6.32 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   2.85 GK/BHP-HR
                       BSN02   4.47 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSFC 0.531 LB/BHP-HR
   ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED  fcGDES
                 =*TEST CONDITIONS"
                 BAROMETER 744.6 MMH6
               HUMIDITY 114 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET  RESTRICTION 14.5 "H20
MAX. EXHAUST  BACK  PRESSURE 31.9 «K20
     INLET AIR  TEMP.  RANGE 77F -  80F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1160F

-------
TABLE E-15 COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NO.  3 FOR ENGINE KG. 19 — TIMING RETARDED
           2 DEGREES AND  10?  EGR  (NOTE EGR WAS CUTCFF DURING KODES 10 AND 13 OF
           THE CYCLE).
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
a
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POKER FLQfei
RPM BHP L6/HR
600
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
220G
2200
2200
2200
600

3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
300C
3000
3000
3000
600

0.5
2.5
11.3
24. 3
33.5
67.0
100.9
110.2
123.6
137.4
0.5

169.1
151.4
134.6
123.4
82.3
41.1
29.7
13.1
3.4
0.5

295
1C61
1059
1063
1067
1076
1086
1089
1095
1229
295

1576
1360
1359
1355
1345
1335
1330
1324
1321
295

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
2.0
12.0
13.5
17.5
21.5
30.5
40.5
43.0
49.5
53.5
2.0

69.7
63.5
58.5
55.0
44.5
35.0
30.0
23.5
21.0
2.0

2.2
1.1
1.5
1.5
2.0
2.0
3.9
4.2
8.8
7.7
2.0

7.7
9.9
6.6
6.0
4.5
3.3
2.2
1.5
1.2
1.8

CO
PPM
549
724
599
362
341
1063
637
464
636
613
544

501
723
584
627
1477
1068
449
375
524
560

HC
PPMC
562
810
594
423
994
1261
617
497
465
654
534

474
405
460
534
1491
3462
2210
700
755
598

KOX
PPM
174
81
140
246
350
396
551
617
671
1345
167

1116
444
413
374
247
230
226
149
94
180

CO
GM/HR
71.0
336.8
278.2
168.9
159.7
501.5
303.5
221.6
305.1
330.0
70.3

346.1
430.6
348.0
372.5
870.4
625.3
262.0
217.6
303.8
72.4

HC
GM/HR
36.4
189.1
138.4
98.9
233.4
298.6
147.4
119.0
112.0
176.8
34.6

164.4
121.1
137.5
159.2
441.1
1017.1
646.8
203.9
219.5
38.8

NO2
GM/HR
37.0
61.9
106.8
188.2
268.8
306.6
430.8
483.6
528.9
1189.6
35.4

1266.1
434.4
403.6
365.4
239.4
221.3
216.2
142.2
89.6
38.2

                    ==23  MODE  CYCLE  CGMPGSITE==
                        BSCO   5.59 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   3.62 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02   4.49 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.516 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  MOOES
                ==TEST CONOITIONS*=
                BAROMETER 741.1  MMHG
              HUMIDITY 113  GRAINS/LB
    KAX. INLET RESTRICTION  14.5  "H20
MAX, EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE  34.6  "H20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE  76F - 80F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1214F
Ul

-------
TABLE E-16 COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS W
           2 DEGREES AND 158  EGR  «NOI£
           THE CYCLE)*
FOR ENGINE
MAS CUTOFF
                                                       (MOo  19  ~ TIHIWG RETARDED
                                                       DURING  MOOES 10 AIMD 13 OF
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE (
SPEED
RPM
600
220C
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
600

3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
3000
600

)BS£RVEO i
POWER
BHP
c.c
2.5
10.1
23.0
31.8
63.7
95.5
104.3
117.3
137.4
0.5

169.1
144.5
128.5
117.7
78.3
38.8
28.0
12.6
3.4
C.O

EXHAUST
FLCK
LB/HR
295
984
983
S86
990
999
983
985
991
1234
295

1583
1241
1260
1259
1250
1241
1238
1230
1228
295

FUEL
FLOW J
LB/HR {
2,3
12.0
14.0
17.3
21.0
30.0
39.5
42.0
48.0
53.5
2.3

69.7
64.5
57.5
53.0
43.5
34.5
31.5
23.5
21.5
2.3

SMOKE
'ERCENT
3PACITY
1.1
0.5
0.5
1.1
2.8
3.8
7.7
9.9
19*8
7.7
1.1

7.7
17.1
11.0
3.8
6.0
4.9
3.3
0.0
0.0
0.5

CO
PPK
669
695
587
370
27S
1170
883
835
1293
613
653

501
1174
850
836
1561
1176
671
397
573
653

HC
PPMC
481
621
472
340
522
994
497
431
481
654
598

474
35C
414
534
1712
3498
3351
690
773
755

KOX
PPM
134
80
127
221
300
307
370
397
411
1326
145

1101
301
294
268
195
179
186
126
84
129

CO
GM/HR
86.7
300.0
252.8
160.1
120.8
512.3
380.4
360.7
561.5
331.5
84.5

347.7
638.9
469.5
461.8
855.1
639.5
364.1
214.0
308.3
84.5

HC
GM/HR
31.3
134.5
102.1
73.8
113.7
218.5
107.4
93.4
104.9
177.5
38.9

165.1
95.6
114.8
148.0
470.8
955.0
912.7
186.7
208.3
49.1

N02
GM/HR
28.5
56.5
89.9
156.8
214.1
220.7
261.5
281.7
293.5
1178.4
30.8

1254.2
268.9
266.5
243.5
175.7
159.6
165.8
111.3
74.4
27.4

                    ==23  MODE  CYCLE  CCMPOSITE==
                        BSCO   6.60 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   3.81 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02   3.53 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC C.539 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED  MODES
                         ==TEST CONDITIONS**
                         BAROMETER 744.4 MMHG
                       HUMIDITY 108 GRAINS/LB
            MAX.  INLET RESTRICTION 14.5 "F20
        MAX. EXHAUST  BACK PRESSURE 34.6 "H20
             INLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 77F -  79F
                    MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1214F
                                                                                                    Ul

-------
TABLE E-17 COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS  NO.  5  FOR  ENGINE NO.  19  — STC. TIMING ANC
           UOP CATALYST.
NODE
1
2
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE C
SPEEC
RPM
60C
22CC
220C
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
60 C

3000
300C
3000
3COC
3COC
300C
3GOC
3000
3COO
600

OBSERVED f
POWER
BHP
C.5
2.5
10.9
24.3
33.9
67.4
101.4
110.6
124.0
134. S
0.5

165.6
152.5
135.9
124.5
82.6
41.7
29.7
13.1
3.4
0.2

EXHAUST
FLOW
LB/HR
346
1187
1186
1164
1167
1174
1183
1186
1192
1196
346

1492
1486
1480
1475
1465
1454
1451
1444
1441
345

FtEL
FLOW !
LB/HR C
2*0
12. C
14.0
18.0
21.0
32.0
41.0
44.0
49.5
54.0
2.0

71.5
65.5
59.5
55.0
44.5
34.0
3C.5
24.0
2 C.5
2.0

SMOKE
»ERCENT
3PACITY
2.0
1.1
1.1
1.5
2.0
2.8
3.9
5.5
9.5
13.8
1.8

7.7
5.5
4.4
3.5
3.3
3.0
3.0
2.0
1.1
1.5

CO
PPF
582
286
139
64
47
26
26
30
33
33
516

67
59
26
22
19
23
19
12
19
475

HC
PFMC
307
454
267
113
202
93
65
67
83
93
325

28
49
45
45
54
145
184
44
78
273

NCX
PPM
200
112
176
338
463
649
1039
1134
1346
1532
194

1168
1053
890
770
460
353
334
227
138
194

CO
GM/HR
88.4
148.9
72.0
32.6
24.1
13.6
13.5
15.4
17.2
17.1
78.3

43.5
38.4
16.6
14.3
12.0
14.6
12.2
7.3
12.3
72.0

HC
GH/HR
23.4
lie. 6
69.6
3C.2
51.9
24.0
16.9
17.5
21.8
24.5
24.8

9.2
16.0
14.6
14.6
17.4
46.4
58.7
14.0
24.7
20.7

N02
GM/HR
49. S
96.0
15C.1
283.5
388.8
548.8
884.7
968.0
1154.8
1319.4
48.4

1254.8
1126.8
948.4
818.3
485.6
370.0
349.2
235.8
143.0
48.3

                    ==23 MODE CYCLE CCMPGSITE==
                        BSCO  C.94 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  C.67 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  8.10 GH/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.523 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED  MCDES
                —TEST CONDITIONS"
                BAROMETER  746.1  MMHG
              HUMIDITY 109 GRAINS/LB
    FAX. INLET RESTRICTION 15.5  "H20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 74.8  «K20
     IKLfcT AIR TEMP. RANGE 79F - 83F
            WAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  1285F

-------
TA2LE £-18 COMBINATION OF P&RaKETTERS WCo 6  FOR EWGIihE &Co 19 — S¥C0 TIMING HUH
           EJWAUS1I  FfLOb THROTTLED 1C SIP.ULATTE  THE EJ?H^USTT SACK-PRESSURE Of'TTESI
           m  TABLE E-17 S&OTE NO CATALVSTT  hAS USED SK THUS TESTSo
KOOE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
g
9
10
ii
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED PGWfcR FLOh
RPM BMP LS/HR
600
22CC
22CQ
2200
2200
2200
220C
2200
2200
22GC
600

3000
3000
300C
300C
3000
3000
3000
300C
3000
600

5.1
2.9
10.9
24,7
33.9
66.3
102.2
111.3
125.2
136.1
0,5

169.1
155.4
136.8
126.8
84.5
42.3
30. 3
13.7
3.4
0.2

373
1165
1167
1171
1175
1180
1164
1167
1173
1177
373

1531
1520
1514
1511
1499
1463
1464
1456
1454
373

FUEL SftOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.0
13.0
14.5
19.0
22.5
31.5
41. C
44.5
50.0
54.5
2.5

72.5
66.0
60.0
56.5
44.5
35.0
31. C
23.0
21.0
2.5

1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
2.2
3.4
4.5
10.0
14.4
1.0

8,2
4.0
3.0
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
1.4
1.1
1.0

cc
ppja
528
628
579
278
387
1201
677
646
1245
1853
545

1017
419
396
453
1216
833
528
345
424
545

MC
FPHC
503
657
541
348
1431
1276
633
580
667
706
522

232
338
406
425
1044
2436
2397
416
512
541

KOX
PPM
181
121
173
345
430
567
920
1070
1239
1333
181

1112
986
822
723
436
341
320
211
144
180

CO
GM/HR
8605
320.6
29692
142.5
199.5
621,5
345.2
330,7
640.2
956,2
89,0

682.5
279.3
263.1
299.9
798.6
534.4
338.9
219.9
270.4
89.0

HC
GM/HR
41.7
168.5
138.9
89.7
369.9
331.3
163.4
149.0
172.1
182.9
42.8

78.2
113.0
135.2
141.2
344.2
784.3
772.1
133.3
163.8
44.4

NO 2
CH/HR
48,7
1C1»6
145,1
290.6
363,6
482.1
77C.8
899.1
1046,4
1130.1
48el

1225*3
1079*1
895s>8
786«7
470o8
358,9
336,9
221.0
150.5
48.2

                                                                                                      OO
                     ==23 MODE CYCLE CC«PCSITE==
                         BSCO  5.63 GK/BHP-HR
                         BSHC  3.64 GK/BHP-HR
                        BSN02  7.54 GM/BHP-HR
                         BSFC C.522 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN WOTGRED FCDES
                        CONCIT1DNS==
                 BAROMETER 748.0  MHHG
               HUH I CITY  62 GRAINS/LB
          INLET RESTRICTION 15.5  «h20
KAX. EXHAUST  BACK PRESSURE 77.6  «h20
     INLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 80F - 82F
            NAX.  EXHAUST TEMP.  1162F

-------
TABLE E-19 COMBINATION  OF  PARAMETERS NC. 7 FOR EKGIKE KG. 19  —  STC.  TIMING, 10X
           ECR, AND  UOP CATALYST (NCTE EGR WAS CUTOFF DURING  MODES  10 AND 13 OF
           THE CYCLE).
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM BHP L6/HR
60 C
2200
220C
2200
2200
220C
2200
2200
2200
22 OC
600

3000
300C
300C
3000
300C
3000
300 C
3000
3000
600

0.5
2.5
10.1
23.0
32.3
64.5
96.6
106.0
118.5
134.9
0.5

165.6
145.7
129.7
118.6
79.4
3S.4
28.6
12.6
2.9
0.5

318
1C51
1C53
1053
1056
1066
1G50
1C53
105S
1193
318

1488
1349
1338
1334
1327
1318
1289
1286
1283
317

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
2.0
11.0
13.5
17.C
20.0
30.0
39.5
42.5
48.0
54.0
2.0

71.5
65.0
58.0
54.0
43.0
33.5
30.0
23.0
20.0
2.0

1.1
1.1
0.5
1.1
1.6
3.3
6.6
7.7
15.4
13.8
2.2

7.7
9.9
6.6
5.5
3.3
3.3
2.8
1.6
1.1
1.6

CC
PPK
525
316
146
31
23
23
18
18
22
33
475

67
25
22
18
19
27
27
12
19
535

HC
PPMC
266
406
231
90
148
92
57
57
87
93
235

28
43
42
38
55
171
218
46
66
255

NCX
PPM
190
100
160
307
409
481
664
722
790
1591
207

1213
591
541
493
333
290
286
202
121
207

CO
GM/HR
73.3
145.6
67.4
14.3
10.7
10.6
8.5
8.5
10.1
17.0
66.2

43.4
14.9
12.8
10.7
10.9
15.3
15.1
6.5
10.9
74.4

HC
GM/HR
18.6
93.8
53.5
20.9
34.4
21.6
13.2
13.2
20.3
24.4
16.5

9.2
12.8
12.4
11.2
16.1
49.6
61.8
13.0
18.6
17.8

NO 2
GM/HR
43.6
75.5
121.4
232.8
310.8
368.9
501.7
547.1
602.1
1366.0
47.4

1299.1
574.1
521.5
473.6
318.4
275.3
265.5
167.1
111.5
47.3

                     ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE*'
                         BSCO  0.85 GM/BHP-HR
                         BSHC  0.57 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSN02  5.63 GM/BHP-HR
                         BSFC C.53C LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED MODES
                —TEST  CCNCITIONS==
                BAROMETER  744.0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY  122 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 15.5 "K20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 74.8 "H20
     IKLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 80F - 85F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1285F
Ul
VO

-------
TABLE E-2G COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NC. 7 (REPLICATE CF TEST  IN TABLE E-19) FOR
           ENGINE NO.  19 —  STD.  TIMING* 10% EGR, AND UCP  CATALYST (NOTE EGR WAS
           CUTOFF DURING MOOES 10 AND 13 CF THE CYCLE).
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE (
SPEED
RPH
600
220G
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
2200
600

3000
3000
3000
3COC
3000
300G
3000
3000
3000
600

)BSERVEO I
POhER
BMP
0.5
2.5
10.5
23.0
32.3
64.5
96.3
105.6
118.1
131.1
C.5

165.1
144.5
129.1
117.7
78.8
39.4
28.6
12.6
3.4
0.2

EXHAUST
FLO*
LB/HR
317
1046
1C44
1C45
1048
1032
1041
1044
1053
1163
317

1475
1316
1310
1306
1295
1266
1282
1275
1272
317

FtEL
FLO* f
L8/HR C
2.5
12.0
13.0
17.5
21.0
30.0
39.0
42.0
47.5
54.0
2.5

71.5
64.0
58.0
54.0
42.5
33.5
30.0
23. C
20.0
2.5

SMOKE
'ERCENT
3PACITY
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.7
1.7
3.3
5.5
7.2
15.4
12.1
1.1

8.3
10.5
8.3
6.6
4.4
3.3
3.3
1.1
1.1
1.7

CO
PPf.
621
348
184
43
38
38
30
29
33
44
524

48
40
33
29
30
33
34
23
31
524

HC
PPKC
490
530
330
200
250
205
120
120
125
85
255

50
60
65
60
90
190
215
60
75
255

NOX
PPM
188
100
146
289
397
448
595
649
724
1372
197

1168
545
503
453
323
292
275
193
126
190

CO
GM/HR
86.3
159.4
84.3
19.9
17.6
17.0
13.5
13.4
15.0
23.0
72.8

30.8
23.3
18.8
16.7
16.9
21.3
19.3
12.9
17.3
72.8

HC
GM/HR
34*2
122.0
75.8
46.0
57.7
46.5
27.5
27.6
28.9
22.1
17.8

16.2
17,4
18.7
17.2
25.6
53.7
6C.6
16.8
21.0
17.8

N02
GN/HR
42.9
75.1
109.4
217.0
299.9
333.1
446.1
487.6
548.8
1169.0
45.0

1241.1
516.4
474.2
426.4
301.4
270. 1
254.0
177.2
115.3
43.3

                    ==23  MODE  CYCLE  COMPOSI TE«
                        BSCO   C.98 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   0.81 GM/BHP-HR
                       8SN02   5.23 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SFC  0.535 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  NCDtS
                 «TEST CONDITIONS*"*
                 BAROMETER 740.0 MMHG
               HUMIDITY  60 GRAINS/L8
    WAX. INLET  RESTRICTION 15.5 "1-20
MAX. EXHAUST  BACK  PRESSURE 77.6 »fc20
     IIVLET  AIR  TEMP. RANGE 80F -  64F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1260F

-------
TABLE E-21 COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS  NO.  1  FOR ENGINE NC.  20 — TIMING RETARDED
           3 CEGREESt SPECIAL  FUEL  PUMP ANC NOZZLE KIT, AND 200F AFTERCOOLING.
MODE
1
2
3
ft
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RP« 8HP LB/HR
600
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
600

2400
2400
2400
24CC
240C
240C
240C
2400
2400
600

C.O
5.3
21.3
49.3
69.3
137.3
206.6
225.2
253.2
274.6
0.0

297.0
274.2
244.5
221.6
148.5
75.4
52.6
23.8
5.9
C.O

581
1367
1476
1590
1594
1713
2C98
2155
2275
2331
577

4176
3984
3806
3659
3276
2947
2836
2571
2464
577

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.8
13.0
19.5
30.0
34.0
55.0
81.0
87.0
97.0
102.0
3.7

141.0
128.0
115.0
1C8.5
82.5
60.0
54.0
42.5
37.5
3.7

0.5
0.5
0.5
1.5
2.2
2.7
2.9
3.2
5.5
7.0
0.5

7.1
8.8
9.0
8.8
8.2
8.2
7.7
6.6
6.6
0.5

CO
PPM
293
193
153
263
328
282
273
423
701
1087
293

631
551
511
507
411
347
294
234
208
311

HC
PPMC
488
400
395
596
579
602
520
415
269
240
412

324
360
406
438
541
608
573
476
371
438

NQX
PPM
473
489
639
885
963
1186
1631
1747
1812
1860
502

731
680
616
581
439
317
295
283
232
492

CO
GM/HR
74.6
115.7
98.9
183.6
229.2
211.7
251.2
399.7
699.3
1110.1
74.1

1154.4
962.0
852.6
813.1
589.6
448.1
365.9
263.6
225.0
78.6

HC
GM/HR
62.4
120.3
128.3
208.5
203.0
226.8
240.0
196.7
134.6
123.1
52.3

297.7
315.5
340.0
352.6
389.9
394.1
357.8
269.3
201.1
55.6

NO 2
GM/HR
197.8
481.2
679.4
1013.2
1105.0
1462.5
2463.8
2711.3
2967.8
3121.0
208.4

2198.9
1951.5
1687.7
1529.5
1035.7
672.6
602.7
523.2
412.1
204.4

                    =*23 MODE CYCLE  COMPOSITE"
                        BSCO  3.67 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  2.12 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  1C.1C GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  0.52C L6/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  MODES
                "TEST CONDITIONS-
                BAROMETER 744.5  MMHG
              HUMIDITY  58 GRAINS/LB
    WAX. INLET RESTRICTION 20.0  "H20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 22.5  "H20
     IMLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 79F - 82F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1015F

-------
TABLE E-22 COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NO.  2 FCR ENGINE NO. 20  —  TIMING RETARDED
           3 DEGREES, SPECIAL  FUEL  PUMP AND NCZZLE KIT, AND 150F AFTERCCOLING.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM 8HP LB/HR
600
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
60C

2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
2400
600

0.0
5.3
21.9
49.3
66.6
137.3
206.1
225.2
252.7
274.6
0.0

297.0
272.3
243.1
222.1
146.1
74.0
53.5
23.6
5.9
0.0

585
1378
1435
1496
16C3
1726
2053
2111
2177
2393
58C

4130
4017
3797
3727
3238
2950
2842
2627
2579
582

FUEL SMOKE
FLOh PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
4.0
14.5
19.5
28.0
36.1
57.5
79.5
85.5
93.0
102.6
4.0

142.0
132.0
117.1
110.0
82.5
60.0
54.5
44. 5
39.3
4.0

0.5
0.5
0.5
2.3
3.6
3.0
3.3
4.4
6.0
6.8
0.5

6.6
7.7
6.6
7.7
8.5
7.7
6.6
6.6
6.6
0.5

CG
PP*
261
171
139
286
363
329
273
405
542
815
239

620
583
478
456
433
320
290
252
226
217

HC
PPWC
548
376
371
494
553
580
478
419
279
252
440

279
285
360
387
494
553
526
462
317
365

NOX
PPM
547
477
642
911
1004
1269
1759
1817
1786
1785
646

675
615
573
530
381
298
276
245
211
627

CO
CM/HR
67.1
103.5
87.5
187.3
255.3
248.9
245.8
374.4
517.0
854.6
60.6

1123.2
1027.4
794.8
745.6
614.7
413.9
361.5
290.2
255.2
55.3

HC
GM/HR
70.6
114.0
117.2
162.6
195.0
220.5
215.9
194.6
133.6
132.7
56.1

253.5
251.9
300.7
317.3
351.9
358.8
328.8
267.0
179.9
46.7

NO 2
GM/HR
230.6
473.9
663.3
981.0
1158.3
1578.8
2600.5
2761.9
2798.7
3075.4
269.7

2007.8
1779.3
1567.1
1422.2
887.6
632.8
564.2
462.9
392.4
262.7

                    ==23 MODE  CYCLE CCMPCSITE==
                        8SCO   3.62 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   1.92 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02   S.89 GW/8HP-HR
                        BSFC 0.528 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  MODES
                 ==TEST CONCITIONS==
                 BAROMETER 747.7 MMHG
               HUMIDITY  57 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET  RESTRICTION 20.0 "K20
MAX. EXHAUST  BACK  PRESSURE 22.5 "H20
     INLET AIR  TEMP.  RANGE 79F -  82F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  965F

-------
TABLE E-23 COMBINATION  OF  PARAMETERS NO. 2 (REPLICATE OF TEST IK TABLE  E-221  FOR
           ENGINE NO. 20 —  TIMING RETARDED 3 OEGREESt SPECIAL FUEL  PUMP  AN£
           NOZZLE KIT,  AND 150F  AFTERCCCLING.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPW BHP LB/HR
600
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
600

2400
2400
240 0
2400
2400
240C
2400
2400
2400
600

O.C
5.3
21.3
49.3
69.3
137.3
206.6
22 5. 2
253.2
274.6
0.0

297.0
274.2
244.5
223.9
148.5
75.4
54.8
23.8
5.9
C.C

582
1369
1369
1482
1539
1725
2CC7
2103
2476
2438
580

4130
3989
3827
3718
3386
2879
2720
2627
2571
576

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
4.0
13.6
18.0
27.5
33.0
54.0
78.0
84.0
98.0
103.5
4.0

141.0
128.0
115.0
112.0
86.0
58.0
52.0
43.5
38.5
4.0

0.5
0.5
0.5
2.2
2.8
2.8
3.3
4.4
5.0
6.5
0.5

7.7
8.8
8.8
6.8
9.0
7.7
6.5
7.7
7.7
0.5

CC
PPM
266
189
144
268
373
339
260
349
528
739
221

601
518
491
465
451
298
277
243
226
226

HC
PPMC
468
385
374
468
569
597
491
446
264
262
402

262
318
362
390
558
602
580
496
357
390

NCX
PPM
546
480
622
891
994
1276
1666
1750
1738
1748
630

683
650
576
537
380
311
289
244
213
618

CC
GM/HR
67.9
113.5
86.4
174.3
251.5
256.0
228.9
322.1
572.7
789.9
56.2

1088.6
906.2
824.2
758.1
669.6
376.3
330.0
279.3
254.6
57.2

HC
GM/HR
59.9
116.0
112.6
152.5
192.6
226.5
216.8
206.4
154.7
140.5
51.3

238.1
279.1
304.8
319.0
415.6
381.3
347.1
286.6
201.9
49.6

NO 2
GM/HR
228.6
472. B
613.4
950.0
1101.6
1584.9
2440.0
2649.7
3098.8
3068.5
263.2

2030.5
1868.0
1587.0
1437.4
925.9
644.6
565.7
462.1
393.8
257.3

                    ==23  MODE  C\CLE COMPOSITE==
                        BSCO   3.52 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSHC   1.S8 GM/8HP-HR
                        8SN02   S.82 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  C.519 L8/8HP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED  MCDES
                ==TEST  CONDITIGNS==
                BAROMETER  745.5 HMHG
              HUMIDITY   56 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 20.0 "H20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 22.5 «»K20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 79F - 83F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  965F

-------
TABLE E-24 COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NG. 3 FOR ENGINE  KG.  20 — TIMING RETARDED
           3 DEGREES, STANDARD FUEL PUMP AND NOZZLESt  AND  150F AFTEPCOCLING.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE (
SPEED
RPM
60C
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
1400
60C

240C
240C
2400
24CC
240C
2400
2400
2400
2400
6CC

3BSERVED 1
POWER
BHP
0,0
5.3
22.1
50.4
70.1
139.9
21C.C
229.5
257.5
279.9
0.0

292.5
268.7
23S.4
219.3
146.2
73.1
52.6
23.3
5.9
0.0

EXHAUST
FLOW
LB/HR
526
1361
1370
1378
1483
1711
2103
216C
2376
2428
523

4108
3927
3764
3643
3317
2571
24C5
2309
2195
524

FUEL
FLCfe i
LB/HR (
3.2
13.0
17.0
25.0
31.5
55. C
61.G
87.0
97.0
106. C
3.1

140.0
124.5
114.0
1C7.0
86.0
52.5
47.0
38.0
33.5
3.2

SMOKE
PERCENT
3PACITY
0.5
0.5
0.5
. 0.5
0.5
3.3
3.5
5.0
6.5
9.2
0.5

6.6
6.6
6.0
6.0
10.0
8.5
8.6
7.7
4.4
0.5

CO
PP*
925
604
512
371
311
264
299
486
667
1007
833

586
418
344
309
351
360
383
390
396
654

HC
PPMC
923
959
817
680
627
633
604
556
408
349
846

346
438
518
609
669
822
888
1018
1136
781

NOX
PPM
199
263
399
668
801
1162
1541
1622
1642
1635
236

608
590
538
504
340
294
257
204
178
284

CO
GM/HR
213.2
360.5
307.3
223.9
202.0
198.2
275.6
459.8
694.5
1071.8
190.8

1056ol
719*1
567.6
493.6
510.8
406.1
403.9
395.3
381.4
150.3
•
HC
GM/HR
106.8
287.2
246.2
206.1
204.5
238.3
279.4
264.3
213.2
166.5
97.3

312.7
378.4
428.9
488.1
488.2
465.0
469.9
517,2
546.7
90.1

NO 2
GM/HR
75.2
257.6
393.9
663.0
855.3
1431.5
2333.1
2523.2
2808.6
2859.3
89.0

1797.4
1669.3
1459.1
1321.0
811.7
543.4
445.6
338.4
281.5
107.1

                    ==23 MODE CYCLE CCMPCSITE==
                        BSCO  3.77 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  2.66 GM/8HP-HR
                       BSN02  8.15 GM/BHP-HR
                        6SFC C.508 LB/BHP-HR
   ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED KCDES
                ==TEST  CONDITIONS"
                BAROMETER 744.0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY   57 GRAINS/LB
         INLET  RESTRICTION 20.0 "1-20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 22.5 "H20
     INLET AIR  TEMP.  RANGE 80F - 83F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  970F

-------
TABLE E-25 COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NC.  1  FOR ENGIKE KG. 21 — STC. TIMING,
           TURBOCHARGER, AND  STD.  FUEL PUMP.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1G
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED PQtoER FLOK
RPM BMP L8/HR
70 C
1555
1555
1555
1555
1555
1555
1555
1555
155C
70C

2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
700

0.3
4.1
16.9
37.9
52.7
106.6
158.1
172.9
193.9
210.1
0.3

251.9
231.9
206.7
188.7
125.9
63.2
42.8
20.0
2.0
0.3

635
1373
1424
1481
1536
1652
1770
1822
1878
1S36
636

2727
2605
2545
2490
2276
2049
1940
1885
1829
636

FUEL SMOKE
FLO* PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.C
12.5
16.0
22.0
25.0
43.0
58.0
65.0
69.0
76.0
3.5

100.0
89.0
80.0
76.0
58.5
36.0
29.0
25.0
20.0
3.5

0.3
0.5
0.5
0.7
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.2
1.0

2.0
2.0
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.3
3.0
2.2
2.0
1.0

CO
PP*
111
211
185
167
161
163
176
207
273
322
132

244
188
165
153
138
157
158
188
210
115

HC
PPMC
229
289
157
120
111
117
94
92
85
78
220

208
127
111
106
110
129
127
159
220
210

NCX
PPM
110
141
200
317
343
746
1440
1697
1974
2278
113

1678
1499
1300
1240
722
395
311
239
184
110

CC
GM/HR
30.9
127.0
115.3
108.3
108.7
117.9
136.7
165.7
225. 0
273.5
36.6

291.5
214.4
183.6
166.7
138.0
141.2
134.4
155.2
168.5
32.0

HC
GM/HR
32.0
87.3
49.2
39.1
37.5
42.5
36.6
36.9
35.1
33.2
30.8

124.8
72.8
62.2
58.1
55.1
58.2
54.2
65.9
88.5
29.4

N02
GM/HR
50.2
139.7
205.2
337.9
378.9
887.7
1835.1
2227.0
2669.0
3174.9
51.6

3294.1
2812.6
2381.8
2223.7
1183.0
583.0
435.0
324.7
242.4
50.1

                    ==23  MODE  CYCLE COMPCSITE"
                        3SCO   1.46 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   0.63 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  11.44 GP/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  0.448 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED  MCOES
                ==TEST CONDITIONS'*
                BAROMETER  736.0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY 114 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 27.0 "K20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE 40.0 "H20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 75F - 79F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1004F
U1

-------
THELE £-26 COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NC.  2 FOR ENGINE NO. 21 — TIMING RETARDED
           2 DEGREES* TURBOCHARGER*  AND SPECIAL FUEL PUKP.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
S
9
10
11
13
14
15
16
1?
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPH BHP LB/HR
650
1550
1550
1550
1550
155C
1550
155C
1550
155C
<£, C ft
4» J V
210C
2100
2100
210C
210C
2100
2100
2100
210C
650

0.1
4.4
13.3
42.5
53.4
112.4
173.8
188. C
209.8
228.4
C.2
253«9
233.5
209.9
19C.3
127.1
63.6
45.6
20.4
5.2
0.2

645
142S
1434
1496
1495
1665
1793
1843
1913
1961
645
2189
267$
26ii
2494
2278
2054
1994
1507
1848
645

FUEL SMCKE
FLOW PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
4.0
15.0
16.0
23.0
25.0
43.5
62.5
67.0
79.0
81.0
4.0
100.0
92.0
84.0
77.0
58.0
39.0
30.0
27.0
20.0
4.0

1.5
1.1
1.1
1.5
2.2
2.2
1.5
2.0
2.9
3«6
1.5
2»5
2«fi
3.3
3.8
4.0
4.4
3.8
3.3
2.2
1.5

CO
PPF
119
181
163
137
128
154
167
178
274
404
115
195
163
140
132
122
140
158
175
201
115

HC
PPWC
210
247
188
119
111
122
119
100
90
83
208
115
EGO
99
102
108
144
144
16 i
202
220

NOX
PPM
110
153
175
286
348
738
1477
1683
2001
2296
112
1570
1421
1209
1054
710
370
282
232
173
113

CO
33. 5
113.4
102.6
89.7
84.2
112.5
131.2
144.2
229«9
347.2
32.4
238. S
191.9
160.3
144.3
122.1
126.4
138.1
146.1
163.2
32.4

HC
GM/HR
29.8
77.6
59.3
39.2
36.5
44.7
46.9
40.6
37.9
35.8
29.5
70*6
58.9
56.9
56.0
54.1
65.1
63.2
67.5
82.1
31.2

N02
GM/HR
51.1
157.1
180.6
308.8
374.4
884.9
1906.3
2234.3
2756.9
3241.8
52.0
3U52.2
2739.7
2273.2
1892.5
1164.5
547.3
. 405.5
' 319.1
230.2
52.5

                    ==23 MODE CYCLE COHPCSITE==
                        BSCO  1.28 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  C.5S GN/BHP-HR
                       BSN02 10.5S GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.449 LB/BHP-HR
#  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  WCOES
                 ==T£ST CONDITIONS"
                 BAROMETER 744.0 MMHG
               HUMIDITY  91 GRAINS/LB
    SAX. IffLET  RESTRICTION 24.0 Mh20
MAX. EXHAUST  BACK  PRESSURE 4C.O "H20
     INLET  AIR  TEMP.  RANGE 74F -  82F
            MAX. EXHAUST TE«P. 1C13F

-------
TABLE E-27 COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NC.  3 FOR ENGINE NC. 21 — TIMING RETARDED
           2 DEGREES, TURBOCHARGER,  AND STD.  FUEL PUMP.
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLO*
RPM BHP LB/HR
70C
1550
1550
1550
1550
155C
1550
1550
1550
1500
70C

2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
210C
2100
2100
700

0.3
4.1
14.8
36.3
5C.5
104.2
154.1
171.5
191.5
201.3
0.3

245.1
223.9
20C.3
183.9
122.4
61.2
44.0
19.6
4.6
0.3

643
1376
1380
1488
i486
1656
1772
1772
1882
1533
643

2687
2578
2466
2472
2248
1986
1934
1864
1829
639

FUEL SMOKE
FLOW PERCENT
L8/HR OPACITY
3.5
12.5
17.0
21.0
25.0
43.0
56.0
62.0
69.0
75.0
3.5

97.0
88.0
79.0
75.0
54.0
38.0
31.0
26.0
22.0
3.5

1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.5
2.0
2.6
2.0
3.0
3.8
1.3

2.5
3.3
4.5
5.0
5.5
5.5
4.8
4.5
3.0
1.3

CO
PPI»
123
211
172
142
145
154
152
127
171
251
165

191
164
148
157
139
160
166
180
193
102

HC
PPMC
249
386
214
150
148
134
109
113
99
85
213

na
109
104
107
125
166
162
182
206
218

NOX
PPM
103
132
184
258
323
655
1209
1445
1708
1957
109

1454
1332
1137
1022
591
367
286
228
197
108

CO
GM/HR
34.6
127.3
103.8
92.5
94.5
112.0
118.3
98.7
141.0
212.6
46.6

224.5
184.8
160.6
169.6
136.8
139.7
141.1
148.5
154.9
28.5

HC
GM/HR
35.2
116.8
65.0
49.1
48.4
48.8
42.5
44.1
41.0
36.1
30.1

69.8
61.8
56,5
58.2
61.8
72.5
68.9
75.4
82.9
30.7

N02
GH/HR
47.6
130.8
182.6
276.7
345.6
780.4
1542.3
1844.1
2314.0
2723.5
50.4

2813.1
2471.6
2019.6
1818*0
956.3
524.7
397.9
308.9
259.1
49.6

                     =23 MODE  CYCLE CGMPCSITE=>
                        BSCO   1.38 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   G.7C GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02  10.01 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  0.454 L8/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN  MOTORED  MCOES
                ==TEST CONDITIONS^
                BAROMETER  745.0 MMHG
              HUMIDITY  82 GRAINS/L8
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 27.0 "K20
MAX. EXHAUST BACK PRESSURE350.0 "H20
     INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 75F - 86F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  990F
ON

-------
TAELE E-28 COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NC. 3  IREPLICATE OF TEST IK TABLE  E-27I  FOR
           ENGINE NO. 21 —  TIMING RETARDED  2  DEGREES, TUR6CCHAPGER, AND  STC  FUEL
           PUMP.
HUGE
1
2
3
4
C
-»
6
?
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
1?
IS
19
20
21
22
23*
ENGINE OBSERVED EXHAUST
SPEED POWER FLOW
RPM BHP L8/HR
70C
1550
1550
155C
155C
1550
1550
1550
1550
155C
700

210C
210C
210C
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
2100
700

0.3
4.1
16.6
37.5
52.2
104.2
156.4
170.9
191.6
2C8.4
0.4

246.3
226.7
2C1.9
184.7
123.2
61.6
44.4
19.6
4.8
0.4

645
1386
1443
1501
1559
1625
174C
1796
1643
1893
646

2722
2672
2561
25C5
2281
2C6C
2CC8
19G6
1645
642

FUEL SMOKE
FLOfc PERCENT
LB/HR OPACITY
3.0
12.5
18.0
23. C
29.0
43.0
59. C
63.0
69.0
74.0
3.5

97.0
89.0
81.0
76.0
57.0
35.0
34.0
29.0
20.0
3.5

1.0
1.0
1.8
2.5
2.8
3.0
3.3
3.3
3.5
3.5
1.0

3.3
3.8
4.0
4.5
5.5
4.9
5.0
3.9
2.8
2.0

CC
pp*
123
194
155
141
144
142
139
151
183
239
111

183
155
136
132
126
154
157
174
198
111

HC
PPKC
223
332
170
123
121
113
91
95
83
85
212

125
117
104
101
122
147
161
172
212
224

KCX
PPM
103
131
195
266
381
640
1259
1456
1717
1899
108

1397
1314
1134
1018
613
337
312
239
176
110

CC
GM/HR
34.7
118.1
98.1
93.0
98.6
101.1
106.4
119.0
147.5
198.2
.31.4

218.8
182.1
153.2
145.1
126.2
138.6
138.5
145.7
159.6
31.1

HC
GM/HR
31i7
101.2
54.0
40.6
41.5
40.4
34.6
37.5
33.6
35.4
30.1

74.9
68.8
58.6
55.7
61.2
66.6
71.1
72.1
86.1
31.6

N02
GM/HR
47.7
130.6
202.7
287.9
427.7
749.4
1578.0
1882.8
2278.6
2589.4
50. 0

2737.9
2526.8
2090.4
1835.4
1007.2
499.7
451.2
327.5
233.4
50. 6

                    ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                        BSCO  1.30 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSHC  0.66 GM/BHP-HR
                       8SN02 10.15 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC C.463 LB/8HP-HR
   ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MCDES
                        CCNCITIONS=*
                 BAROMETER 745.3 MMHG
              HUMIDITY   85 GRAINS/LB
    MAX. INLET RESTRICTION 24.0 "H2O
MAX. EXHAUST BACK  PRESSURE 40.0 "K20
     IKLET AIR TEMP.  RANGE 74F - 82F
            MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  980F
                                                                                                    ON
                                                                                                    OO

-------
                                                         169
APPENDIX F. -- RESULTS FROM TESTS USING MANIFOLD AIR
             INJECTION WITH HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE ENGINES
                           (23-MODE CYCLE)

-------
TABLE F-l  AIR  INJECTION  FOR  ENGINE RG0 22 fAIR PUMP/EfoGINE SPEED RAT ID «  1.00),
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAtST FUEL IGMTIGN
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLGh FLOW TIMING CC
WODE RP« BHP «HG LB/HR LB/HR DEC BTC PCT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*





* ENG
** NCX
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
230C
2300
2300
700






INE NOT
FOR THI
0.0
l.C
3.S
8.7
12.1
24.2
3t.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
26.9
7.9
2.0
0.0

==23


B

TESTED IN
S TEST HAS
18.C
18.7
17.8
16.1
14.9
12.4
7.8
6.2
4.6
2.8
18.C

1.6
3.9
6.7
8.2
12.6
16.4
17.4
18. 7
19.7
18.0

MODE C
BSCU 16
BSHC 1
SN02 9
BSFC 0.
MOTORED
91 4.9
166 7.3
183 8.3
213 9.8
243 11.4
265 14.3
337 18.4
359 20.5
382 22.0
412 23.9
94 4.9

852 49.8
794 46.9
677 41.3
653 36.8
530 28.8
405 20.3
371 18.1
325 15.2
303 13.9
95 4.9

YCLE COMPOSITE"
.18 GK/BHP-HR
.05 GM/BHP-HR
.02 GK/BHP-HR
634 LB/BHP-HR
MODES
-1.0
11.5
10.5
11.5
10.5
11.5
9.5
6.5
7.0
7.0
-1.0

13.5
13.5
10.5
17.0
19.0
18.5
lb.5
18.5
18.5
-1.0

1.28
0.14
0.13
0.12
0.11
0.41
0.19
0.43
0.47
0.57
0.83

0.26
0.14
0.26
0.30
0.24
0.18
0.16
0.15
0.16
0.75

HC
PPKC
2?50
650
540
635
780
1272
1250
1175
1175
1150
680

35
75
32
165
125
85
75
68
70
760

NOX** CC
PPK GM/HR
30
59
118
16C
297
850
1488
1317
1432
1524
38

1422
1169
136C
1650
1098
467
318
168
109
38

531.1
107.9
108.3
118.0
127.1
536.8
301.5
788.1
873«C
1172.9
377.7

11G9.9
569.1
902.6
967.7
618o8
338.5
289»2
231«3
225.4
327.4

HC N02
GM/HR GM/HR
46.
25.
23.
31.
45.
82.
99.
105.
108.
116.
15.

7.
14.
5.
26.
15.
8.
6.
5.
4.
16.

2 2.0
1 7.6
0 16.7
8 26.6
9 58.0
7 183.6
5 393.3
6 393.2
4 438.5
0 510.4
3 2.8

5 1009.0
7 762.3
5 786.0
0 864.2
9 464.6
1 147.6
6 92.0
1 41.6
8 24.4
4 2.7

==TEST CONDITIONS==
BAROMETER



IJvL

ET AIR
HUM I
CITY 55
TEMP. RANGE
743.2
MMHG
GRAINS/LB
82F - 88F
MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.






1478F

MEASURED BY NDIR.

-------
TABLE  F-2   AIR  INJECTION FOR ENGINE NO. 22 (AIR  FUMP/EfcGINE SPEED  RATIO =  i.25).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POKER VACUUM FLOW
MOCE RPM BHP MHG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
700

0.0
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
9C.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
3.0
0.0

18.2
18.9
17. S
16.4
15.0
12.5
7.9
6.3
5.0
3.1
16.0

1.6
4.0
6.9
6.4
12.7
16.6
17.5
19.0
19.7
18.2

1C3
183
194
224
243
278
344
366
392
419
101

847
773
695
670
530
416
390
343
323
103

FUEL IGNITION
FLOW TIMING
LB/HR DEG BTC
4.9
7.6
8.3
9.7
11.4
14.4
18.2
20.2
22.4
23.9
4.9

49.3
45.4
39.5
37.2
28.2
20.1
18.2
15.2
13.9
4.9

-1.0
11.5
10.5
11.5
10.5
11.5
9.5
6.5
7.0
7.0
-1.0

13.5
13.5
10.5
17.0
19.0
19.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
-1.0

CO
PCT
0.52
0.12
0.11
0.10
0.42
0.30
0.15
0.28
0.54
0.49
0.58

0.20
0.13
0.24
0.27
0.23
0.17
0.16
0.14
0.14
0.49

HC
PPMC
710
650
570
669
885
1290
1347
1176
1200
1215
680

90
35
62
195
162
127
116
99
90
650

NCX** CO
PPM GM/HR
38
51
81
140
349
948
1619
1514
1530
1623
38

1515
1262
1584
1653
1147
469
327
177
119
51

242.9
100.3
93.9
106.7
453.4
376.1
231.7
469.2
983.3
948.7
262.0

772.3
466.8
773.9
826.0
553.4
312.9
274.9
218.7
205.3
228.6

HC
GM/HR
16.5
26.6
25.0
34.4
47.4
80.5
104.7
98.3
107.5
116.7
15.2

17.1
6.0
9.6
29.5
19.4
11.7
10.2
7.6
6.5
14.9

N02
GM/HR
2.9
6.9
11.6
23.7
62.1
196.3
418.0
420.2
454.8
517.7
2.8

957.5
729.3
823.6
829.8
455.9
143.5
95.1
45.2
28.2
3.8

*   ENGINE NOT  TESTED
**  NOX  FOR  THIS TEST
==23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE'
   BSCO 13.00 GM/BHP-HR
   BSHC  1.01 GM/BHP-HR
   BSN02  9.14 GM/BHP-HR
   BSFC 0.643 LB/BHP-HR
 IN MOTORED MODES
 WAS  MEASURED BY NDIR.
                                                                     ==TEST CONDITIONS^
                                                                     BAROMETER 746.0 MMHG
                                                                   HUMIDITY  54 GRA1NS/LB
                                                          INLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 87F -  90F
                                                                 WAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1520F

-------
TABLE  F-3   AIR  INJECTION FOR ENGINE N0« 22  SA1R  PU*P/ENGIK!E SPEED RATIO « 1.501.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXKALST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLO*
MODE RPM BHP «HG L8/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
13
19
20
21
22
23*
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
23CO
2300
2300
700

0.0
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

17.7
17.9
17.7
15.9
14.7
12.4
7.9
e.i
4.7
2.7
17.9

1.5
3.8
6.6
8.2
12.5
16.4
17.3
18.6
19.6
18. C

110
209
2C7
233
255
292
359
388
403
443
110

835
809
733
681
560
398
4C8
358
327
112

FUEL IGMTIGN
FLCfe TIMING CO
LB/HR OEG 8TC PCT
5.1
8.2
8.5
9.8
11.8
14.6
18.5
20.7
22.0
24.4
5.1

47.7
46.5
41.6
37.1
28.9
20.5
18.4
15.4
13.7
5.0

-1.0
11.5
10.5
11.5
10.5
11.5
9.5
6.5
7.0
7.0
-1.0

13.5
13.5
10.5
17.0
19.0
19.5
18.5
IS. 5
18.5
-1.0

0.72
0.13
0.12
0.10
0.45
0.37
0.17
0.32
0.44
0.51
0.68

0.19
0.13
0.23
0.27
0.22
0.23
0.16
0.16
0.15
0.56

HC
PPfC
800
520
575
715
875
1200
1325
1175
1150
1075
630

35
13
69
330
225
160
153
125
108
430

Jt'OV^t
ppp*.
30
56
90
162
279
768
1380
1309
1410
2241
38

1455
1126
1387
1662
1115
458
320
166
111
38

•* co
GK/HR
357.5
123.3
111.6
106.6
538*3
509.8
285.2
576.0
829.3
1064.7
341.1

730.7
468.2
771.5
835.6
580.0
420.0
318,3
256.0
224.6
287.0

HC
GM/HR
19.6
24.3
26.9
37.6
51.3
81.9
110.6
105.9
106.9
110.9
15.7

6.8
2.4
11.6
50.9
28.7
14.4
14.6
10.1
8.0
10.9

N02
GM/HR
2.4
8.5
13.8
28.1
54.2
174.2
382.5
391.5
435.2
767.7
3.1

931.6
665.6
775.0
851.5
472.2
136.7
101.4
44.2
26.9
3.2

*   ENGINE  NOT  TESTED
**  NCX  FOR THIS  TEST
==23  MODE  CYCLE  COMPOSITE'
   BSCO 14.72 GM/BHP-HR
   8SHC  1.11 GK/8HP-HR
   BSN02  8.95 G&/BHP-HR
   BSFC 0.655 L8/8HP-HR
 IN MOTORED MODES
 WAS  MEASURED BY KDIR.
                                                          IfvLET
     ==TEST  CONDITIONS==
     BAROMETER 742.4 HMHG
   HUMIDITY   55 GRAINS/LB
AIR TEMP. RANGE 81F - 87F
 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 15C4F
                                                                                                     to

-------
TABLE F-4  AIR INJECTION FOR ENGINE  NO. 22  (AIR  PUMP/ENGINE SPEED  RATIO  «  1.75)
     ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST   FUEL  IGNITION                 /
      SPEED    POWER   VACUUM    FLOW   FLOW   TIMING   CO     HC   NOX**    CO     HC    N02
MODE    RPM      BHP       »HG    LB/HR   LB/HR   DEC  BTC   PCT   PPMC   PPM/;  GM/HR  GM/HR  6N/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
700

0.0
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36*4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

17.7
18.0
17.9
16.0
15.6
12.3
7.7
6.2
4.6
2.8
17.9

1.5
3.4
6.6
8.2
12.5
16.4
17.3
18.6
19.7
18.1

115
205
214
244
258
303
371
397
417
459
115

869
829
734
691
571
448
415
367
325
117

4.9
7.6
8.2
9.7
11.4
14.5
18.5
20.7
22.3
24.7
4.9

49.6
47.3
41.5
37.2
29.2
20.6
18.4
15.3
13.1
4.8

-1.0
11.5
10.5
11.5
10.5
11.5
9.5
6.5
7.0
7.0
-1.0

13.5
13.5
10.5
17.0
19.0
19.5
18.5
16.5
18.5
-1.0

0.48
0.13
0.10
0.09
0.40
0.32
0.16
0.37
0.46
0.53
0.54

0.21
0.13
0.23
0.30
0.24
0.18
0.17
0.16
0.16
0.27

825
186
640
740
900
1245
1380
1140
1155
1110
630

66
39
53
16
180
159
152
125
128
405

39
36
69
137
275
823
1467
998
1393
1447
30

1407
1085
1326
1591
1041
430
309
149
103
30

247.1
124.6
95.2
96.4
473.8
449.7
281.4
690.0
902.9
1155.6
290.4

887.8
514.2
794.7
980.6
653.8
382.9
337.3
273,2
240.6
144.2

20.9
9.0
30.7
40.6
52.6
86*4
lie* 2
104.6
112.0
119.1
16.6

13.6
7.7
9*1
2.6
24.4
16.5
14.6
10.5
9.5
10.8

3.2
5.8
10.8
24.8
53.2
189.7
416.9
303.8
448.6
515.5
2.6

9*5.0
710.5
754.6
£64.9
467.4
148.2
98.3
41.7
25.0
2.7

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED
** NOX FOR THIS TEST
~23 MODE CYCLE  COMPOSITE'
   BSCO 14.57 GM/8HP-HR
   BSHC  0.98 GM/BHP-HR
  BSN02  8.89 GM/BHP-HR
   BSFC 0.655 LB/BHP-HR
 IN MOTORED  MODES
 MAS MEASURED BY NOIR.
                                                                    =»TEST  CONDITIONS**
                                                                    BAROMETER 740.7 MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY   55 GRAINS/LB
                                                         INLET  AIR TEMP.  RANGE 86F - 90F
                                                                MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1520F
                                                                             CO

-------
TABLE F-5   AIR  INJECTION FOR ENGINE NCo  22  8AIR PUPP/EfcGlNF  SPEED RATIO-**  2<>OOJ.
ENGINE OBSERVED MAKIFOLO EXHAIST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLCW
MODE RPW BHP *HG LB/HR
1
2
2
4
5
6
7
8
•• S
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
700

C.C
i.e.
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

l£el
IE. 6
17.7
16.0
14.6
12.4
7.6
fc.3
4.5
3.2
17.7

1.5
3.4
6.7
6.3
12.4
16.4
17.2
16.5
19.7
18.3

122
200
223
255
270
307
380
4C4
422
437
119

861
837
736
679
569
443
427
377
324
120

FUEL IGMTICh
FLCk TIMING
LB/HR DEC ETC
4.9
7.5
8.3
9.8
10.7
14.4
18.5
20,6
22.1
23.1
4.9

48,8
4?0 1
40,5
36.3
28.8
20.6
18.8
15.7
12.8
4.8

-1.0
11.5
10.5
11.5
10.5
11.5
9.5
6.5
7.0
7.0
-1.0

13.5
13.5
10.5
17.0
19.0
19.5
18.5
18.5
18.5
-1.0

CO
PCT
0.39
0.10
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.29
0.11
0.26
0.37
0.40
0.46

0.22
0.16
0.24
0.25
0.22
0.17
0.16
0.14
0.15
0.36

HC
PPNC
660
520
580
665
735
1075
1175
975
975
1000
565

60
11
114
243
217
177
166
144
150
560

PPJT
21
39
69
137
188
838
1466
1364
1432
1553
39

1456
1073
1451
1643
1149
430
333
187
107
35

CC
G.H/HR
214.2
87.4
91«6
95.5
94.6
405.4
195.8
507.9
696.4
771,9
240.3

853*0
587*1
812.2
772.7
578.0
351.6
303,1
239e5
221.9
202.1

hC
GH/HR
18.0
21.4
28.2
37.3
43.7
73.6
99.2
87.6
90.4
96.4
14.7

11.6
2.0
18.8
36.7
27.6
17.8
15.8
12.0
10.7
14.6

HO 2
GM/HR
1,9
5.2
11.0
25.5
37.1
190.3
411.0
406. S
440. 5
4S7.0
3.3

935.9
660.2
793.3
825.1
484.6
160.1
105.0
51.6
25.1
3.0

*  ENGINE NOT  TESTED
** NCX FOR  THIS TEST
==23  MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
   BSCO 12.81 GK/8HP-HR
   BSHC  1.02 GM/8HP-HR
   BSN02  8.92 GH/BHP-HR
   BSFC 0.648 LB/BHP-HR
 IN MOTORED MOOES
 iriAS  MEASURED BY K'CIR.
                                                                      ==TEST  CGNCITIGNS =
                                                                      BAROMETER 741.4 M5*hG
                                                                    HUKICITY   55 GRAINS/LB
                                                           IKL6T  AIR TEMP. RANGE 61F - £2F
                                                                  KAX. EXHAUST  TEMP. 15COF
•-J
-p-

-------
TABLE F-6  AIR INJECTION  FOR  ENGINE NO. 23 (AIR PUKP/ENGINE SPEED  RATIO =  2.0).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BHP. «HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
75C
1200
12GC
12CO
1200
1200
1200
1200
12CC
1200
770

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
775

C.O
1.0
4.1
9.2
12. E
25.7
33.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102. 3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
16.4
8.2
2.C
0.0

IS. 4
IS. 4
18.8
17.6
16.2
1C. 2
5.9
4.9
3.3 .
2.C
18.9

2.4
3.7
4.6
5.5
1C. 6
16.1
17.4
19.2
2C.3
18.9

96
152
157
176
196
279
347
355
388
394
94

798
754
717
707
549
401
361
318
28C
99

FUEL I
FLOW
LB/HR
4.3
6.6
6.9
7.9
9.0
13.7
18.9
20.9
23.7
24.6
4.2

48.4
45.3
41.6
38.9
27.6
18.6
16.2
13.3
11.1
4.3

GMTIGft
T I KING
DEC BTC
5.0
12.0
20.0
31.0
31.0
21.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
5.0

20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
31.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
5.0

CG
PCT
0.15
0.13
0.14
Q.1G
0. 08
0.08
0.28
1.16
1.63
2.25
0.14

0.80
0.62
0.48
0.2fi
0.19
0.15
0.13
0.11
0.10
0.12

HC
PPflC
710
330
630
1330
1430
1390
1325
1600
1900
1900
630

300
155
240
335
770
740
640
485
370
570

NGX
PPM
35
54
110
496
798
1260
1624
1378
1020
1286
45

1720
1660
1748
1753
1898
1258
876
327
188
43

CO
GM/HR
61.2
37.6
102.7
81.2
72.1
102.2
432.9
1876.5
2964.4
4033.2
58.9

2974.0
2191.4
1628.7
933.4
481.2
273.5
215.7
164.0
132.6
53.9

HC
GM/HR
14.7
11.1
23.9
52.9
62.9
86.9
102.8
128.2
170.5
168.2
13.2

55.3
27.2
40.0
54.5
97.1
68.5
53.0
35.1
23.4
12.6

N02
GM/HR
2.4
5.9
12.8
65.3
116.6
265.6
418.5
366.8
303.7
377.8
3.1

1052.4
966.0
966.9
946.0
794.5
386.6
240.8
78.4
39.3
3.1

                    ==23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE:
                        6SCO  19.33 GM/8HP-HR
                        6SHC   1.54 GK/BHP-HR
                        BSN02  11.39 GK/BHP-HR
                        8SFC  0.597 L6/8HP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN KCTOREO  M-COES
           ==TEST
           BAROMETER  746.3 MMHG
         HUMICITY   54 GRAINS/LB
IKLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 72F - 74F
       *AX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1429F

-------
TABLE F-7  AIR INJECTION  FOR  ENGINE  KG* 23 (AIR PUMP/tfcGINE SPEED RATIO -
ENGINE DBSERVEC MANIFOLD EXHAIST
SP£tO POWER VACUUM FLCfe
MODE RPM BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
IS
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
120G
12CO
1200
1200
1200
12CO
12CO
1200
770

23CC
2300
2300
23CC
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
7700

0.0
i.e.
4.1
9.2
12. €
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102. 3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.C
0.0

16.4
IS. 4
18. 6
17.7
16.3
1C. 3
5.5
4.6
3.1
1.9
18.6

2.4
3.7
4.8
5.4
10.5
15.9
17.2
19.2
2C.2
18.8

100
161
166
181
2CO
286
357
3£l
360
398
103

816
769
737
712
560
412
376
331
295
102

FUEL I
FLCk
LB/HR
4.2
6.6
6.9
7.8
8.9
13.7
19.3
20.7
23.4
24.4
4.3

48.4
45*3
42«2
33.5
27.5
18.5
16.3
13.2
11.1
4.2

CM TICK
TIMING
DEC 6TC
6.0
10.5
18.0
30.0
30.0
20.0
11.0
11.5
12.0
12.0
5.5

21.0
21.0
21.0
21.0
30.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
38,0
5.5

CO
PCT
0«12
0.12
0.13
0.13
0.10
0.06
0.41
1.21
2.39
2.35
0.13

0.66
0.52
0.45
0.27
0.18
0.15
0.13
0.11
O.CK'
0.10

HC
PPNC
700
300
613
1250
1.375
1300
1275
1425
1675
1725
585

210
125
185
320
750
746
665
495
400
590

NOX
PPfc
34
50
102
473
785
1236
1435
1175
817
1105
46

1637
1562
1586
1658
1754
1179
837
351
176
39

CD
GM/HR
55.8
89.6
100.7
106. 2
93.8
104.8
675.6
2073.7
4172.0
4237.6
58.3

2508.2
1£55»5
1536.1
900.8
455.5
280.4
218.1
159.1
126.1
47.5

HC
GK/HR
15.7
10.9
22.8
51.3
fc2.8
85.3
103.7
121.2
144.7
153.8
13.4

39.2
22.0
31.3
52.6
95.8
70.4
56.7
36.8
26.4
13.3

N02
GM/HR
2.5
6.0
12.6
64.4
119.2
269.4
387.5
331.7
234.3
327.3
3.5

1014.2
913.5
891.4
904.5
743.6
369.7
236.6
86.6
38.3
2.8

   ENGINE NOT
      "23 MODE CYCLE CCMPLSITE—
          8SCU 16.17 GM/8HP-HR
          BSHC  1.48 Gtf/BHP-HR
         BSN02 1C.83 GM/8HP-HR
          BSFC 0.596 LB/BHP-HR
TESTED IN MOTORED  KCOES
                                                          IKLfcT
     "TEST  C€NCITION5==
     BAROMETER  747.8 MFHG
   HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
AIR TEMP. KANGE 71F - 76F
 MAX. EXHAUST TFMP. 1434F

-------
TABLE F-8  AIR  INJECTION  FOR ENGINE NO. 23 (AIR PUKP/EhGINE  SPEED RATIO = 3.C).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POKER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BMP. "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
770

23CO
2300
2300
23CO
2300
23CO
2300
2300
2300
775

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.6
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

18.3
19.1
18.6
17.3
16.1
10.1
5.2
4.5
2.6
1.2
18.5

2.0
3.1
4.4
5.2
10.3
16. C
17.0
18.9
20.1
18.8

108
174
181
199
219
298
368
376
404
423
112

835
798
761
738
599
433
4C4
361
326
112

FUEL I
FLO*
LB/HR
4.2
6.6
6.9
7.8
8.9
13.6
19.2
21.6
24.0
24.6
4.3

49.0
45.3
43.0
38.7
23.1
18.0
16.3
13.2
11.2
4.2

GNITIG*
TIMING
DEG BTC
5.0
10.0
19.0
30.0
30.0
19.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
5.0

22.0
22.0
21.0
21.0
30.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
38.0
5.0

CG
PCT
0.18
0.14
0.15
C.08
0.07
0.07
0.42
1.56
2.04
1.91
0.11

0.46
0.40
0.39
0.28
0.18
0.13
0.13
0.11
0.10
0.11

HC
PPKC
700
334
669
1175
1260
1180
1150
1300
1490
1475
600

65
70
90
265
680
755
676
510
420
600

NOX
PPM
38
49
103
471
766
1158
1416
907
897
1131
44

1436
1489
1385
1617
1680
1127
811
318
164
39

CO
GH/HR
90.3
116.7
126.8
78.4
75.5
105.5
736.4
2821.9
3983.8
3942.0
60.4

1890.1
1573.5
1466.1
1010.4
539.7
279.7
241.5
181.3
148.4
54.9

HC
GH/HR
17.1
13.4
28.0
54.1
64.7
83.4
99.7
116.3
144*1
150.3
15.6

13.2
13.6
16.6
47.5
98.9
78.3
64.3
42.7
32.1
15.3

N02
GH/HR
3.0
6.4
14.2
71.8
130.5
271.8
407.9
269.1
287.7
382.8
3.7

970.1
957.5
848.9
961.7
811.0
387.9
256.1
88.5
41.3
3.2

                     ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                         BSCO 18.76 GM/BHP-HR
                         8SHC  1.46 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSN02 11.13 GM/BHP-HR
                         BSFC 0.6C2 L8/BHP-HR
   ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED NCOES
           ==TEST  CONDITIONS"
           BAROMETER  743.7 MtfHG
         HUMIDITY   55 GRAINS/LB
IKLFT AIR TEMP. RANGE 6BF - 77F
       MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1440F

-------
                                                         178
APPENDIX G. -- RESULTS FROM TESTS USING A CATALYST WITH
                      HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE ENGINES
                            (23-MODE CYCLE)

-------
TA3LE €-1  UOP CATALYST  WITH  AIR  INJECTION FOR EhGINE  KG. 22  (AIR  PUMP/ENGINE SPEED
           RATIO =  1,25).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER. VACUUM FLOW
MCLE RPM BHP ««HG L3/HR
1
2
-a
4
5
6
7
6
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
15
20
21
22
23*
625
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
12CC
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
710

0.0
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
8C.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.C
0.0

16.6
18.4
17.3
15.6
14.2
12. C
7.5
6.4
4.1
1.6
17.1

1.2
2.6
4.9
7.C
11.5
15.7
16.6
18.3
19.2
17.4

95
176
196
228
244
281
349
365
391
434
101

839
790
713
649
546
415
J92
342
319
103

FUEL IGNITION
FLOW TIKING CC
LB/HR DEC BTC PCT
4.4
7.3
8.4
10.0
10.9
14.7
18.7
19.7
22.5
25.1
4.9

50.9
48.1
43.5
37.5
30.0
20.7
19.0
15.6
13.9
5.0

0.0
10.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
8.0
8.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
0.0

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.04
0.07

0.07
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

hC
PPNC
160
83
40
50
51
93
98
98
73
68
43

19
12
10
30
19
15
13
11
10
55

MOX
PPM
35
63
98
156
219
786
1419
1574
1225
1252
49

1287
877
897
1486
883
386
282
160
110
38

CO
GW/HR
3.2
5.8
6.5
7.6
8.1
11.7
14.5
15.3
39.5
72.2
33.9

274.7
196.6
172.1
110.3
38.9
27.2
24.1
16.8
15.8
5.1

HC
GM/HR
3.4
3.2
1.8
2.6
2.8
6.0
7.9
8.3
6.7
6.9
1.1

3.6
2.1
1.6
4.4
2.3
1.4
1.1
0.8
0.7
1.3

NO 2
GM/HR
2.4
6.2
14.2
26.6
40.2
166.7
379.9
444.0
375.1
421.6
3.7

800.8
517.2
478.6
723.0
352.9
119.4
62.1
40.2
25.7
2.9

   ENGINE NOT
      — 23 MODE CYCLE  COMPOSITE'
          8SCO  1.74 GM/6HP-HR
          8SHC  0.10 GM/8HP-HR
         SSN02  7.3C GM/BHP-HR
          BSFC C.663 L8/6HP-HR
TESTED IN MOTORED  MODES
                                                                     "TEST COND1TIONS==
                                                                     BAROMETER 743.7 MNHG
                                                                   HUMIDITY  55 GRAINS/LB
                                                         IKLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 82F -  £6F
                                                                 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1534F
VO

-------
TABLE G-2  UOP CATALYST  WITH AIR  INJECTION (REPLICATE  CF  TEST  IN TABLE G-l) FOR
           ENGINE NO.  22 (AIR PUMP/ENGINE SPEED RATIC  = 1.25).
ENtlfct GBSERVtD MANIFOLD EXHAIST
SPEED POfcER VACUUM FLGfc
MODE RPM BHP *»HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
S
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
ie
19
2C
21
22
23*
70C
1200
12CC
12CO
1200
1200
1200
1200
12CC
12CO
700

230C
2300
23CO
2300
2300
2300
2300
23CO
2300
t5Q

O.C
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
C.O

9£.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.C
c.c

17.2
18.3
17.3
15.6
14.1
12.1
7.6
6.4
4.2
2.3
17.2

l.C
2.6
5.C
6.9
11.6
15.6
16.8
18.4
19.5
16.6

1C6
182
198
226
246
274
359
362
403
426
103

813
785
702
654
538
405
380
321
288
95

FUfcL IGMTICh
FLOto TIMING
LB/HR DEC ETC
5.1
7.5
8.4
9.9
11.0
14.3
19.3
19.7
23.3
24.7
5,0

49.9
48.1
42.6
37.9
29.6
20.4
18.4
14.8
12.9
4.5

0.0
11.0
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
8.0
8.0
0.0

14.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
13.0
0.0

cc
PCT
0.01
0.01
a. 01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
G.01

0.08
O.C5
0.05
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
O.Ql

HC
PPMC
65
75
35
35
64
69
78
78
67
72
50

8
5
6
25
15
10
9
7
8
125

NOX
PPM
68
82
116
186
283
980
1856
1952
1491
1583
73

1588
1149
1206
1871
1214
605
375
198
137
49

CO
GM/HR
5.0
8.6
9.6
10.8
11.8
16.4
21.5
21.6
41.8
61.3
5.3

285.4
181.9
153.7
56.1
29.5
19.0
17.8
15.2
13.7
4.5

HC
GM/HR
1.5
2.9
1.5
1.7
3.4
4.1
6.0
6.3
6.1
6.9
1.1

1.4
0.9
0.8
3.6
1.8
0.9
0.7
0.5
0.5
2.5

N02
GM/HR
5.0
10.6
16.5
30.0
50.2
195.5
474.5
520.3
446.1
504.3
5.3

920. 8
659.0
615.9
885.5
472.8
175.1
101.2
45.2
28.0
3.2

                                                                                                     oo
                                                                                                     o
*  ENGINE NOT
      ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE
          BSCO  1.47 GM/BHP-HR
          BSHC  O.C8 GM/8HP-HR
         BSK802  9.03 GM/BHP-HR
          BSFC 0.66C L8/8HP-HP
TESTED IN MOTORED MOOES
                                                                     ==TEST CONDITIONS"
                                                                     BAROMETER 742.7 MMHG
                                                                   HUMIDITY  94  GRAINS/LB
                                                          IKLET AIR TEMP. RANGE  84F  - 98F
                                                                 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  1553F

-------
TABLE C-3
UC'P CATALYST WITH
RATIO = 2.5).
AIR INJECTION FOR  ENGINE ISO.  23 (AIR PUHP/ENGINE SPEED
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BHP "HG L6/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
760
1200
12CO
1200
1200
1200
1200
12CO
12CO
1200
790

2300
2300
2300
2300
230C
2300
2300
2300
2300
780

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.6
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

1G2.3
94.1
82.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
6.2
2.0
0.0

18.4
19.2
18.5
17.5
16.2
10.3
5.2
4.5
2.4
1.6
18.6

2.2
3.4
4.6
5.7
10.5
16. C
17.3
19.3
2C.3
18.6

ICO
157
163
174
193
273
329
348
367
376
102

756
727
663
673
523
390
359
310
284
106

FUEL IGNITION
FLOW TIMING
L8/HR DEG BTC
4.1
6.3
6.7
7.4
8.4
12.9
17.6
20.3
22.2
22.9
4.1

44.9
42.6
39.6
36.3
25.6
17.3
15.2
12.0
10.4
4.2

5.0
10.5
15.0
28.0
29.0
13.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
7.5

20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
30.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
7.5

CO
PCT
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.08
0.15
0.01

0.07
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

HC
PPKC
150
46
74
103
170
125
93
85
108
120
75

32
31
36
47
76
71
64
52
65
65

NOX
PPM
20
42
83
337
624
1091
1450
1062
1015
1044
26

1634
1639
1559
1733
1753
1220
781
820
176
30

CO
GM/HR
5.9
9.3
9.6
10.1
11.3
16.1
24.8
42.7
141.6
272.8
6.8

261.6
206.6
134.0
57.6
24.8
15.0
13.8
9.2
8.5
4.0

HC
GM/HR
3.3
1.6
2.7
4.0
7.4
7.8
7.1
7.0
9.4
10.8
1.7

5.6
5.3
5.8
7.5
9.4
6.4
5.3
3.7
4.2
1.5

N02
GM/HR
1.4
5.0
10.1
43.3
90.5
227.0
365.1
290.1
294.9
311.4
1.9

955.4
934.7
838.7
916.9
713.0
365.9
214.3
192.5
37.5
2.4

*  ENGINE NOT
         ==23 MODE CYCLE  COMPOSITE'
             BSCO  1.43 GM/8HP-HR
             BSHC  0.16 GM/BHP-HR
            BSN02 10.37 GF/8HP-HR
             BSFC 0.562 L8/8HP-HP
   TESTED IN MOTORED  MODES
                                                                     ==TEST CONDITIONS**
                                                                     BAROMETER 749.0 MMHG
                                                                   HUMIDITY  54 GRAINS/LB
                                                          INLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 74F -  80F
                                                                 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1449F
                                                                      00

-------
TABLE C—4
        UOP CATALYST  WITH  AIR  INJECTION fREPLICATE LF TLST  IN TABLE G-3)
        ENGINE NO. 23 (AIR PUMP/ENGINE SPEED RATIC = 2.5).
FUR
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD cXHALST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
NODE RPM BHP "HG L8/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
775
12CO
1200
1200
120C
1200
12CC
1200
1200
12CO
770

2300
2300
2300
2300
230Q
2300
230C
230G
23CC
765

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12. €
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
9^.1
63.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
C.O

18.4
19.4
18.5
17.6
16.3
10.3
5.2
4.4
2.C
1.1
18.5

1.9
3.1
4.2
5.1
1C. 2
15.9
17.3
19.2
20.3
18.7

95
157
160
172
169
269
329
340
364
380
97

754
722
678
655
512
362
346
306
273
93

FUEL 1GM 1ICK
FLCfe TIMING
LB/HR DEC ETC
4.0
6.4
6.7
7.4
8.3
13.0
17.9
20.4
22.2
22.8
4.0

45.8
42.9
40.1
36.3
25.4
17.2
15.0
12.2
10.3
4.0

7.5
12.0
15.0
28.0
29.0
18.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
7.5

19.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
30. C
39.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
5.0

CC
PCT
0.01
O.C1
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.04
0.11
0.14
0.01

0.13
0.07
0.05
0.02
O.C1
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

HC
PP»*C
105
40
58
148
168
125
98
108
135
130
83

20
22
24
38
69
68
61
50
43
72

NOX
PP*
21
49
82
342
644
1214
1467
857
924
1183
25

1333
1494
1433
1696
1815
1242
845
340
180
26

CO
GH/HR
4.2
5.7
5.6
6.3
6.9
9.9
16.0
60.3
189.6
242.5
3.6

443.1
241.3
168.5
58.5
23.3
14.1
12.8
11.3
10.2
3.6

HC
6M/HR
2.1
1.4
2.0
5.6
6.9
7.5
7.2
8.3
11.2
11.2
i.a

3.4
3.6
3.7
5.6
8.0
5.8
4.7
3.4
2.6
1.5

NO 2
GH/HR
1.4
5.5
9.6
43.1
88.5
240.9
358.5
217.9
255.4
337.3
1,7

752.4
804.2
732.7
825.7
696.8
350.2
215.7
76.0
35.9
1.8

                                                                                                    oo
                                                                                                    to
ENGINE NOT TESTED
                      23  MODE  CYCLE  COMPOSITE'
                        BSCO   1.72 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSHC   0.14 GW/BHP-HR
                       6SNU2   9.33 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  0.563 L8/8HP-HR
                      N MOTORED MODES
                                                                  ==TEST CONDITIONS==
                                                                  BAROMETER 748.8 WfcHG
                                                                HUMIDITY   54  GRAIN5/LB
                                                             AIR TEMP. RANGE  76F  - 79F
                                                              MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  1463F

-------
                                                         183
APPENDIX H. -- RESULTS FROM TESTS USING VARIED AIR-FUEL
                RATIO WITH HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE ENGINES
                            (23-MODE CYCLE)

-------
TABLE H-l  AIR-FUEL  RATIO LEANER THAN STANDARD  FOR  EhGIKE KC. 22  (0.052 CARBURETOR
           JETS).
ENGINE OBSERVED HANIFCLU EXHALST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLCW
HCCE RPM BHP "HG L6/HR
1
2
2
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
IS
20
21
22
23*
66C
12CO
1200
1200
1200
12CO
1200
1200
1200
1200
690

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
230C
675

O.C
C.7
2.7
6.1
8.4
16.8
25.2
27.6
31. C
33.7
0.0

73.6
67.7
60.4
55.2
36.8
16.4
13.2
5.9
1.5
0.0

17.4
18.3
17.8
16.3
15.7
13.9
1C. 5
6.3
7.4
7.0
17.5

4.7
6.9
S.C
10.1
13.3
16.4
17.2
16.4
IS. 2
17.6

74
133
143
16B
170
197
256
294
301
313
76

716
619
547
537
429
327
299
258
233
75

FUEL I
FLCfc
LB/HF
4.6
7.6
8.1
9.1
9.8
11.9
14.9
16.9
17.3
18.1
4.7

41.6
35.4 .
31.1
30.5
24.4
18.7
17.1
14.8
13.5
4.7

GMTICK
TIMNG
DEC 6TC
1.0
10.5
12.0
12.0
12.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
12. C
11.0
0.0

16.0
13.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
19.0
0.0

cc
PCT
0.^2
0.16
6.15
0.14
0.23
0.13
0.11
0.10
0.10
0.11
0.05

0.03
0.14
0.14
0.14
0.15
0.11
O.li
0.09
0.10
0.39

HC
PPMC
3275
3975
4300
260
4025
3800
3375
3875
3950
4050
3650

850
eoo
735
750
780
890
915
•935
42£
3900

NGX** CO
PPM GK/HR
65
67
81
109
207
573
802
1029
1052
1113
74

1085
1244
1237
1065
706
357
262
175
147
69

139.4
94.4
95.2
106.9
175.6
111.4
121.1
136.6
139.0
151.7
16.9

112.9
388.7
334.9
335.0
282.6
164.1
13S.5
105.9
98.1
124.0

HC
GM/HK
53.5
118.1
138.6
9.7
151.3
167.4
218.9
251.5
259.8
276.9
6C.6

137.3
109.4
88.6
88.7
73.3
63.6
59.5
52.7
21.6
61.9

M02
GM/HR
3.5
6.6
8.7
13.4
25.7
83.8
150.5
221.8
229.7
252.5
4.0

581.4
564.4
494.7
418.2
220.2
84.4
56.3
32.7
24.5
3.6

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED
** NOX FOR THIS  TEST
==23  NODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
   BSCO  £.C9 GH/BHP-HR
   8SHC  4.7C GK/8HP^-HR
   BSNC2  7.20 Gf/BHP-HR
   BSFC 0.744 LB/BHP-HR
 IN MOTORED MODES
     MEASURED 6V ND1R.
                                                          INLET
     ==TEST  CONDITIONS =
     BAROMETER 746.3 MHHG
   HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
AIR TEWP. RANGE 85F - 88F
 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1433F
                                                                                                      00

-------
TAELE h-2   AIR-FUEL  kATIQ LEANER  THAN  STANDARD FCR tfsGIKE fvC,
            JETS).
                                           22 (0.054 CARBURETOR
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
KGCE RPrt BHP MHG L8/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
a
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
12CO
1200
12CO
690

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
690

0.0
l.C
3.9
e.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
46.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.6
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

17.9
16.6
16. C
15.6
15.2
12.1
6.7
.5.7
3.9
3.3
17.8

1.3
2.0
5.6
7.2
12.1
16.3
17.2
18.6
19.7
17.7

73
131
145
176
178
233
316
327
352
364
72

803
760
670
627
465
334
298
251
216
71

FUEL 1
FLCfe
LB/HR
4.6
7.5
8.2
9.7
10.5
14.1
18.9
20.2
21.8
22.5
4.6

49.6
46.4
41.9
37.9
28.2
20.1
17.9
15.0
13.1
4.4

GNITICN
TIM KG
DEC ETC
0.0
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.0
9.0
6.0
8.0
8.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
13. C
19.5
19.5
19.5
20.0
19.5
0.0

CC
PCT
0.60
0.15
0.14
0.13
0.31
0.14
0.23
0.28
0.31
0.19
0.96

0.57
0.33
0.58
0.20
0.17
o.ie
0.18
0.14
0.15
0.43

HC
PPMC
1250
550
600
700
1050
1275
1225
1300
1375
1400
1363

200
375
275
450
450
210
150
146
150
1150

NCX** CC
PPfc Gtt/HR
67
78
103
148
338
961
1431
1632
1722
1974
72

1556
1146
1332
1746
1316
528
367
208
155
68

192.3
88.2
87.9
101.4
250.7
143.3
330.4
417.6
487.4
310.1
299.3

2064.9
111S. 8
1782.4
582.6
364.3
276.6
246.4
155.5
152.5
135.0

HC
GM/HR
19.9
15.9
19.2
26.8
41.4
66.2
85.8
95.8
108.2
113.0
21.0

36.1
63.6
41.6
63.8
47.3
15.8
10.1
8.3
7.3
17.8

N02
GM/HR
3.5
7.5
10.9
18.8
44.2
165.7
333.0
399.3
449.7
529.0
3.6

932.4
646.9
668.6
822.0
458.7
132.2
81.5
38.9
25.0
3.4

                                                                                                    oo
                                                                                                    Ul
*  ENGINE NCT  TESTED
** NOX FOR THIS  TEST
'=23  MODE CYCLE CCNPCSITE=
   BSCO 14.91 GM/BHP-HR
   BSHC  1.31 GM/BHP-HR
   BSN02  8.48 GK/BHP-HR
   BSFC 0.644 LB/BHP-HR
 IN MOTORED MCDES
 hAS  MEASURED 8Y NOIR.
                                                                      ==TEST CONDITIONS"
                                                                      BAROMETER 747.8 MMHG
                                                                    HUMIDITY  54 GRAINS/LB
                                                          ItVLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 81F -  £5F
                                                                 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1484F

-------
TABLE H-3  AIR-FUEL RATIO  RICHER 1HAN STANDARD FOR  ENGIlXE
           JETS).
                                              .C.  22 (0.058 CARBURETOR
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST
SPEED POKER VACUUM FLOW
MCCE RPM BHP »HG LB/HK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
640
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
12CO
1200
12CO
690

2300
23CO
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
7 CO

0.0
l.C
3.5
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
O.C

106.3
97.6
87.1
79.7
53.1
26.6
19.1
6.5
2.1
0.0

16.5
19.2
1£.3
16.7
15.5
12.6
e.5
6.8
5.1
3.6
17.6

1.3
2.7
6.C
7.9
12.3
16.6
17.7
19.2
2C.1
17.7

75
117
134
163
181
221
287
311
336
349
74

80C
770
669
595
451
317
279
232
206
75

FUEL I
FLCfe
L8/HR
4.6
7.1
8.C
9.5
10.5
14.6
16.6
20.3
22.9
23.7
4.7

53.7
51.6
46.0
39.8
30.2
20.9
18.2
15.0
13.7
4.7

GNITICK
TIK.ING
DEC BTC
1.0
11.5
13.0
13.0
13.0
12.5
12.5
10.0
8.0
8.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
2G.O
20.0
20.0
20.0
0.0

cc
per
0.33
0.30
0.17
0.15
0.13
1.15
0.79
1.01
2.00
1.87
0.74

1.97
1.94
2.33
1.49
1.49
1.20
0.96
0.76
1.30
0.65

HC
PPMC
1350
800
1200
850
900
2000
1950
1850
2050
2050
1375

1125
675
1500
1700
1700
1200
375
500
S>25
1225

NOX
PPM
77
t$9
127
229
317
886
1536
1476
1115
1210
73

1604
1214
1196
1693
1261
600
452
237
226
66

CO
GM/HR
109.1
157.2
105.3
109.3
109.1
1170.6
1042.8
1440.8
3060.2
2991.2
244.2

7167.0
6805.4
7263.3
4046.5
3070.5
1761.4
1240.6
823.9
1251.8
220.0

HC
GM/HR
21.8
20.8
36.4
31.0
36.5
100.5 ?
127.6
130.8
155.0
162. 0
22.5

202.2
117.2
226.9
227.9
173.0
87.4
56.1
26.8
44.0
20.6

NO 2
GM/HR
4.1
7.7
12.7
27.7
42.6
147.8
333.7
346.6
279.8
317.6
4.0

957.0
700.1
600.2
753.7
426.2
145.1
96.2
41.9
36.0
3.6

   ENGINE NOT
      ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE
          6SCO 61.81 GK/BHP-HR
          CSHC  2.83 GM/BKP-HR
         BSN02  7.69 Gfc/BHP-HR
          6SFC C.638 LB/8HP-HR
TESTED IN .MOTORED  KCGES
                                                                     ==TEST  CCNDITIONS=
                                                                     6AROHETER 748.5
                                                                   HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
                                                                AIR TEMP.  RANGE 83F -  86F
                                                                 WAX.  EXHAUST TEMP. 14€3F
oo

-------
TABLE H-4  AIR-FUEL  RATIO RICHER THAN STANDARD FCR  cKGIht  NC.  22 (0.060 CARBURETOR
           JETS1.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED PGfcER. VACUUH FLOW
MODE RPM BHP "HG L3/HH
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
75C
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
740

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
710

c.o
1.1
4.3
9.6
13.3
26.7
4C.O
43. £
49.1
53.4
0.0

110.4
101.6
9C.5
82.8
55.2
27.6
19.9
8.8
2.2
0.0

18.4
1S.8
18.5
16.7
15.9
12.8
7.4
5.5
3.2
l.C
18.0

1.1
2.4
5.5
7.3
12.2
16.5
17.6
19.4
20.3
18.1

72
115
127
155
171
219
3C2
333
363
3^7
73

617
752
676
617
454
315
276
224
195
74

FUEL I
FLOte
LB/HR
5.1
7.6
8.2
9.5
10.6
15.6
21.2
24.3
26.4
29.1
5.0

65.6
53.3
49.6
44.3
33.0
22.5
19.6
15.8
13.2
4.3

CM TICK
TIMfvG
DEC BTC
1.0
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
b.O
ti.O
8.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
18.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
19.0
0.0

cc
PCT
3.33
1.59
1.19
0,40
0.42
3.20
2.77
3.95
3.96
4.08
2.42

6.54
3.46
3.99
3.31
3.66
3.18
3.02
2.85
1.92
1.14

HC
PPKC
2500
1575
1350
1175
1375
2425
2375
2375
2400
2475
2125

2400
1550
2000
2025
2150
2000
1975
1825
900
1750

NOX CO
PPM GM/HR
52 1118.2
82 878.7
118 725.1
254 299.1
401 342.9
423 3354.7
820 4020.8
476 626G.1
497 6800.1
953 7831.5
62 816.5

26526367.1
116312538.2
76313030.9
853 9846.9
524 8016.8
358 4792.3
275 4000.1
20C 3053.'5
123 1842.8
63 384.2

I-C
GM/HR
41.5
43.1
40.6
43.7
56.0
125.7
170.5
166.3
204.1
234.7 <
35.5 ;
i
478.5 i
278.9
323.3 :
298.3:
232. 9i
148.9
129.3
96.6
42.8
29.3

N02
GH/HR
2.9
7.4
11.8
, 31.3
; 54.1
72.8
!195.3
123.7
140.1
300. 1
3.4

175.5
694*4
409.1
416.8
224.5
88.3
59.8
35.0
19.4
3.5

                                                                                                    oo
                     ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPCSITE =
                         BSC0151.29 GK/BHP-HR
                         8SHC  4.31 GH/8HP-HR
                        BSNO2  4.43 GM/8HP-HR
                         8SFC C.663 L6/BHP-Ha
*  ENGINE NGT  TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
           ==TEST  CONDITIONS^
           BAROMETER  745.7 'HMHG
         HUHICITY   54 GRAINS/L8
INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 84F - €7F
       MX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1411F

-------
TABLE  H-5
        AIR -FUEL RATIO  LEANER THAN STANDARD FOR  ENGIftC KG. 23**<299  CARBURETOR
        JETS).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAL'ST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLO*
MODE RPM BHP "HG L6/HK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
c
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
12CO
1200
770

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
23CC
770

0.0 .
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.8
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
C.O

Ifc.C
19.3
16.5
17.6
16.3
1C. 9
5.6
4.6
2.6
1.6
16.3

2.2
3.9
4.8
6.C
11.2
16.3
17.7
19.5
20.4
18.2

65
1C1
107
121
139
212
284
3C5
333
348
67

687
623
593
570
421
274
241
194
171
68

FUEL I
FLC*
L8/HR
4.2
6.5
6.3
7.6
8.7
13.1
18.9
22.1
24^4
25.2
4.3

48.5
43. 8 .
40.5
37.1
27.1
17.8
15.5
12.2
1C.6
4.3

GMT I Git
TIDING
DEG 6TC
5.0
11.0
17.0
29.0
29.0
21.5
11. C
12. C
12*0
12.0
5.0

20.0
20.0
2C.O
20.0
32.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
5.0

CC
PCT
0.69
0.65
0.51
0.36
0.29
0.16
1.37
3.69
4.02
3.65
0.59

2.98
2.8C
2.08
1.13
0.81
0.37
0.67
0.37
0.29
0.65

HC
PPPC
1775
: 825
1 140
1925
2075
,1960
2100
' 2700
2800
2725
1525

2100
2090
1900
1525
1925
2000
1750
950
475
1300

NGX
PPf
47
65
114
501
959
1850
1369
613
601
915
50

1261
1298
1557
1876
2217
1477
1053
457
229
45

CO
GM/HR
205.3
306.1
252.5
202.5
186.2
159.6
1786.7
5201.7
6278.7
5950.3
181.2

9636.6
8346.5
5896.4
3081.5
1647.4
1143.3
773.1
345.3
241.6
2-J7.5

HC
GH/HR
26.2
19.2
28.0
53.1
66.3
94.7
135.7
168.2
216.2
219.9
23.3

337.4
307.7
266.1
2CS.2
193.7
129.4
100.4
44.0
19.3
20.6

N02-
GH/HR
2.3
5.0
S.2
45.9
101.7
296.7
293.5
141.9
153.9
245.2
2.5

672.3
634.6
724.1
837.9
740.8
317.2
200.4
70.1
30.7
2.4

*
**
                 «23  MODE CYCLE CCflPCSITE = =
                     BSCO  64.89 GM/8HP-HR
                     BSHC   3.8C GH/8HP-HR
                    8SN02   8.99 GK/aHP-HR             IfvLtT
                     6SFC  0.583 LB/BHP-HR
ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED KGDES
ALTHOUGH THE CARBURETOR  JETS KERE SIZED TC GIVE  A  LEAKER THAK STC.
  AIR FUEL RATIO IN THIS TEST,  THE CO CONCENTRATIONS  INDICATE THAT
  THE AIR FUF.L kAS RICHER  THAN  STO.. THIS IS CAUSED  BY IfvTf PACT ION CF
  POWER ENRICHMENT JETS  AT THE  HIGH PChER ?»OCES.
     ==TEST  CONOIT10NS==
     BAROMETER 739.1 HHHG
   HUMIDITY   55 6RA1NS/L8
AIR TEMP. RANGE 77F - 79F
 PAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1392F
                                                                                                      CO
                                                                                                      oo

-------
TABLE H-6  AIR-FUEL RATIO  RICHER  THAN STANDARD FCR EfvGUE NC. 23  (309  CARBURETOR
           JETS).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POKER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPK BHP «HG L8/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
770

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
760

0.0
l.C
4.1
9.2
12.8
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51,4
0.0

110.2
101.3
90. 3
82.6
55.1
27.6
19.8
8.6
2.2
0.0

17.9
19.4
lfi.7
17.8
16.5
11.2
5.9
4.5
2.6
1.1
18.4

1.2
2.7
4.3
5.4
10.6
16.3
17.7
19.8
2G.8
16.5

67
105
1C8
121
138
210
293
309
345
354
68

740
689
645
6C2
448
285
247
193
163
66

FUEL I
FLCh
L8/HR
4.3
6.8
7.0
7.8
8.9
13.6
20.4
23.5
26.2
26.5
4.4

56. C
51.4
47.8
42.0
30.4
19.5
16.8
12.8
10.6
4.2

GMT I CM
T I KING
DEG BTC
5.0
10.0
15.5
29.0
29.0
20.5
12.0
12.0
12.0
11.0
5.0

21.0
20.5
20.5
20.5
30.0
39.5
39.0
39.0
38.0
5.0

CC
PCT
0.80
0.97
0.68
0.75
0.60
0.71
2.66
5.27
5.30
4.82
0.71

5.08
4.60
4.43
2.63
1.86
2.03
1.67
1.23
0.92
0.50

HC
PPMC
1725
930
1250
1975
2125
2150
2250
2715
2795
2750
1575

2405
2400
2405
2075
2260
2500
2325
1700
1100
1500

NOX CO
PPM GM/HR
45 236.6
61 463.4
99 431.5
385 414.4
726 373.7
1447 681.4
838 3564.9
330 7485.3
411 8385.2
653 7881.4
48 221.5

56817639.5
76615031.3
79513455.3
1281 7635.4
1638 4020.1
1102 2826.1
843 2191.3
401 1135.5
186 717.6
41 151.4

HC
GM/HK
25.2
22.0
30.2
53.8
65.8
102.7
149.0
190.8
218.6
222.2
24.2

412.7
387.7
361.5
291.9
241.8
167.9
135.0
77.9
42.4
22.5

N02
GM/HR
2.1
4.7
7.9
34.7
74.6
229.6
184.0
76.8
106.5
175.0
2.4

323.1
410.4
396.4
598.0
582.0
245.8
162.3
60.9
23.8
2.0

                                                                                                   oo
                                                                                                   VO
   ENGINE NOT
      ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
          8SC0119.99 GM/BHP-HR
          8SHC  4.4C GM/8HP-HR
         BSN02  5.82 GM/8HP-HR
          BSFC 0.611 LB/8HP-HR
TESTED IN MOTORED MCDES
                                                                     ==TEST  CONDITIONS==
                                                                     BAROMETER 744.0 WMHG
                                                                   HUMIDITY   55 GRAINS/LB
                                                         INLET  AIR TEMP.  RANGE 75F - 77F
                                                                 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1392F

-------
                                                       190
APPENDIX I. -- RESULTS FROM TESTS USING EXHAUST GAS
                  RECIRCULATION (EGR) WITH HEAVY
                      DUTY GASOLINE ENGINES
                         (23-MODE CYCLE)

-------
TAbLt 1-1  STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS  WITH  5*  tGR  FOR  ENGINE NC.  22  (THIS ENGINE USED A
           VACUUM MODULATED EGR  VALVE AND  THE  5$ EGR  IS A  ISCKINAL VALUE).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOfe
MCCE RPM BHP «HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
c
6
7
e
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*
675
1200
1200
1200
12CO
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
23CO
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
695

0.0
l.G
3.9
6.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

18.3
19.3
16.7
16.9
15. C
11.6
7.2
5.4
4.2
3.0
18.1

2.5
3.7
5.2
6.4
10.7
14.7
16. €
17.9
19.8
18.2

74
116
131
164
183
222
294
319
337
371
74

733
701
607
596
460
319
297
250
205
73

FUEL I
FLCta
LB/HR
4.9
6.9
7.9
9.4
10.5
14.1
18.2
20.4
21.8
23.8
5.0

46.8
45.8
40.0
37.8
29.2
20.2
18.7
15.7
13.0
4.9

GNITICN
TIDING
DEG BTC
1.5
12.5
12.5
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
9.0
8.0
8.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
19.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
0.0

CO
PCT
1.86
0.22
0.25
0.14
0.13
0.41
0.21
0.47
0.55
0.45
1.94

0.69
1.13
1.10
0.47
0.55
0.49
0.41
0.35
0.44
2.03

HC
PPMC
2900
2100
1290
990
1020
2010
1815
1896
2013
1810
3400

1380
1281
1470
1170
1005
660
510
350
420
3100

NGX
PPM
49
63
98
134
156
425
897
933
1166
1479
52

1694
1202
973
1039
508
182
146
101
89
51

CO
GM/HR
606.3
111.9
146.8
99.1
109.2
416.4
28 5 . 1
700.0
861.9
791.7
671.7

2408.2
3806.3
3137.2
1365.9
1216.5
748.5
585.1
420.7
434.6.
680.8

HC
GM/HR
'4 _ .
46.8
53.5
37.6
35.9
41.1
101.8
121.4
139.7
157.3
158.2
58.4

237,3
212.7
208.2
166.6
109. 1
49.4
35.8
20.8
20.5
51.4

N02
GM/HR
2.6
5.2
9.5
16.1
20.8
71.4
199.3
228.3
302.7
429.4
3.0

966.9
662.7
457.6
491.5
182.8
45.3
33.8
19.9
14.4
2.8

*  ENGINE NOT
      «=23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
          BSCO 34.57 GM/8HP-HR
          6SHC  3.29 GK/BHP-HR
         BSNO2  5.91 GM/BHP-HR
          BSFC 0.643 LB/BHP-HR
TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                                                                    "TEST CONDITIONS==
                                                                    BAROMETER 741.9 MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY  55 GRAINS/LB
                                                         INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 73F - 75F
                                                                MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1436F

-------
TABLE 1-2  STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS  WITH  8%  EGR FCR ENGINE KC. 22  
-------
TABLE 1-3
STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS  t»ITH  1QS  EGR  FOP. ENGINE NO.  22 (THIS f.NGlMi UStC  &
VACUUM MODULATED EGR  VALVE  AND THE 101 EGR IS A KCfJKAL VALUE).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST
SPEED POkER VACUUM FLCW
MODE RPM BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
660

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
23CO
2300
675

C.C
l.Q
3.S
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
C.O

96.4
9G.6
80.7
73.8
4?. 2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
C.O

18.4
19.8
16.5
16.3
16.0
1C. 1
5.4
4.6
3.6
2.3
17.9

2.4
3.6
4.8
5.4
S.3
13.3
14.6
16.7
18.3
18. C

70
112
133
163
163
234
3C6
314
344
355
73

739
678
634
608
478
370
319
274
238
74

FUEL 1GMTICK
FLOW TIMING
L6/HR DEC BTC
4.9
6.8
7.9
9.4
10.2
14.8
19.7
20.4
22.3
22.9
4.8 .

47.1
44.0
42.1
40.3
30.4
23.5
20.2
17.2
15.1
5.0

1.0
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
1.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
0.0

CO
PCT
3.03
0.36
0.18
0.14
0.81
0.41
0.50
0.62
0.51
0.54
1.87

0.62
0.84
1.22
1.13
0.50
0.48
0.41
0.36
0.41
2.29

HC
PPMC
2730
1500
840
780
1470
1650
1752
1890
1908
1690
5000

1050
1020
1260
1500
840
570
470
800
990
5600

NCX
PPW
48
59
90
132
142
220
459
540
725
1095
49

1258
853
666
534
296
109
96
69
61
47

CO
GM/HR
974.3
195.0
116.2
107.1
620.8
467.9
780.1
981.6
899.4
961.5
647.1

2344.1
2900.8
3947.5
3439.0
1231.9
902.3
668.6
496.3
497.5
803.9

HC
GM/HR
43.4
40.2
26.6
30.0
55.4
93.5
134.0
148.4
166.2
167.8
85.5

196.7
175.2
201.0
225.0
102.2
53.2
37.7
54.7
59.0
97.1

N02
GM/HR
2.5
5.3
9.3
16.8
17.8
41.2
116.6
140.8
209.8
322.5
2.7

782.6
486.0
352.3
266.0
119.6
33.8
25.3
15.4
11.9
2.7

   ENGINE NOT
         ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
             8SCO 42.19 GM/8HP-HR
             8SHC  3.45 GM/BHP-HR
            BSN02  4.11 GM/8HP-HR
             8SFC 0.657 L8/BHP-HR
   TESTED IN MOTORED MOOES
                                                                    ==TEST  CONDITIONS—
                                                                    BAROMETER  747.3 MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/L8
                                                         INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 72F - 78F
                                                                MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1447F

-------
TABLE 1-4  STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS WITH  12?  EGR  FOR  ENGINE NO. 22 (THIS  ENGINE USED A
           VACUUM NODULATED EGR VALVE AND THE 12? EGR IS A KGKINAL VALUE).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM EHP »HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
700
120C
12CO
12CO
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
700

23CO
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
660

C.C
l.C
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
G.O

98.4
90.6
6C.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
o.c

17.9
19.4
18.7
16.7
16.2
1C.1
5.4
4.6
3.3
2.6
18.2

2.1
3.1
4.4
4.S
e.7
12.8
14. C
16.4
18.2
17.2

67
113
134
164
186
241
313
328
355
362
81

771
696
637
598
486
375
320
277
235
77

FUEL I
FLOfc
L8/HR
5.3
7.1
7.9
9.4
11.1
15.1
20.0
21.1
22.3
23.1
5.0

48.9
44.8
41.8
39.4
30.8
23.8
20.2
17.4
14.8
4.7

GMT I ON
TIMING
DEG ETC
2.0
12.0
13.0
14.0
14.0
14.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
1.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
0.0

CG
PCT
1.04
0.51
0.17
0.13
0.18
0.21
0.43
0.51
0.45
0.45
1.04

0.60
0.83
1.16
1.16
0.48
0.48
0.43
0.39
0.39
1.64

HC
PPMC
5000
3000
1110
900
1290
1710
1770
1830
I860
1905
5700

990
960
1155
1260
822
579
540
570
720
6000

NOX
PPK
46
65
94
141
172
237
503
680
1005
1458
78

1497
971
667
586
283
107
88
67
63
54

CO
GM/HR
393.6
253.1
100.15
96.5
152.0
231.8
689.7
773.1
737.3
759.9
37 4 . 5

2171.2
2639.2
3430.4
3166.5
1088.8
843.0
624.2
468.1
409.0
518.8

HC
Cfc/HR
93.2
74.1
32.4
32.5
54.8
92.6
125.3
136.5
151.5
15S.8
101.7

175.8
151.4
169.6
170.7
92.2
50.5
38.6
35.7
37.6
93.9

NO2
GM/HR
2.8
5.3
9.1
16.9
24.1
42.6
118.0
168.2
271.9
403.4
4.6

883.0
508. C
324.8
263.6
105.1
30.7
20.6
13.9
1C. 9
2.8

                    ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                        BSCG 34.27 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SHC  3.43 GM/BHP-HR
                       8SN02  4.24 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.664 L8/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
           «TEST  CONCITIONS==
           BAROMETER  747.3 MKHG
         HUMID1TV   54 GRAINS/LB
INLET AIR TEMP.  RANGE 72F - 75F
       MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1468F

-------
TABLE 1-5  STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS hlTH 15* EGR FOR ENGINE KG. 22 ITHIS ENGINE USED  A
           VACUUM MODULATED  EGR VALVE AND THE 15S EGR IS A NOMINAL VALUE).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
KGCE RP« BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
700
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
710

2300
2300
2300
2300
23CC
2300
2300
2300
2300
72C

0.0
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
8C.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
O.C

17.2
19.8
19.1
17.0
16.1
9.3
4.9
4.1
3.1
2.4
17.6

2.1
2.9
3.9
4.7
7.9
11.5
12.9
15.2
16.7
17.4

83
119
132
161
168
247
311
325
336
357
86

756
697
639
610
485
373
34C
286
248
8C

FUEL IGNITION
FLCfc TIDING
LB/HR DEC ETC
4.9
7.0
7.7
9.2
10.1
15.4
20.0
20.9
21.6
22.9
5.1.

48.1
44.9
41.8
40.1
30.8
23.8
21.6
18.1
15.6
5.2

2.0
12.0
13.0
13.0
14.0
14.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
0.0

CO
PCT
0.19
0.28
0.16
0.13
0.35
0.31
0.53
0.53
0.50
0.46
0.33

0.63
0.81
1.05
1.09
0.48
0.53
0.50
0.48
0.46
1.58

HC
PPHC
5100
1000
850
770
1000
1400
1450
1500
1550
1650
5200

900
800
900
1000
660
560
530
850
1000
3800

NOX
PPM
56
68
96
156
207
217
505
659
992
1413
64

1509
983
720
590
270
99
79
55
48
44

CO
GM/HR
76.3
150.2
107.7
100.8
277.9
372.3
794.1
855.9
832.8
802.6
128.8
.
2196.5
2603.6
3087.0
3072.1
1090.3
932.8
797.5
639.7
516.9
549.1

HC
GM/HR
100.8
26.9
25.7
26.9
39.2
82.5
108.4
119.0
127.1
142.0
101.4

155.1
126.7
130.5
139.0
73.9
48.4
41.7
55.8
56.1
65.3

NO 2
GM/HR
3.6
6.0
9.5
19.3
27. C
42.3
125.4
173.7
270.1
403.9
4.1

863.0
517.0
346.2
271.9
100.1
28.4
20.4
11.8
8.8
2.5

                    ==23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE*'
                        BSCO 32.76 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   2.87 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSN02   4.3C GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.668 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  MODES
INLET
     ==TEST CONDITIONS**
     BAROMETER 746.5  MMHG
   HUMIDITY  54 GRAINS/L8
AIR TEMP. RANGE 74F - 78F
 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1454F
                                           \o
                                           Wl

-------
TABLE 1-6  STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS felTH  5?  EGR  FCR ENGINE KG. 23
           CURING MODES  1, 2,  S,  10f  lit  13t 14, 21, AND 22).
                                                 (EGR WAS  CUTOFF
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POkER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM 8HP "HG L8/HR
1
2
^t
4
5
6
7
8
S
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
745
1200
12CC
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
750

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
23CO
770

0.0
l.C
4.1
9.2
12.8
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
G.O

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
16.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

18. C
19.2
13.2
17.1
15.8
S.4
4.7
3.5
3.C
1.4
18.2

2.7
4.C
3.6
4.9
1 C. C
15. 8
17. C
16.6
20.6
ie.5

66
1C8
111
124
142
231
310
318
331
344
66

679
621
618
602
441
287
255
212
179
67

FUEL IGMTICK
FLOW TIMING
L8/HR DEG BTC
4.2
6.7
6.9
7.6
8.6
13.7
19.5
21.2
23.0
23.9
4.2

45.8
41.9
40.4
37.2
26.5
17.5
15.5
12.7
10.6
4.2

5.0
11.0
19.0
30.0
30.0
16.0
11.0
12.0
12. 0
12.0
5.0

20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
27.5
39.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
5.0

cc
PCT
0.51
0.40
0.33
0.22
0.13
0.09
0.42
1.62
2.82
2.84
0.59

1.96
2.05
1.35
0.50
0.22
0.22
0.20
0.16
0.15
0.42

HC
PPfC
1620
720
1050
1750
1850
1550
1675
2050
2300
2300
1450

1775
1800
155C
1025
1300
1300
1050
525
315
1435

NGX
PPM
41
71
116
459
807
1445
1628
1313
1083
1252
47

1587
1572
1724
1792
1988
1423
957
410
221
51

CO
GM/HR
137.1
183.6
155.5
118.3
81.0
88.1
567.0
2202.2
4005.7
4249.8
163.6

5796.9
5589.6
3686.6
1344.5
427.3
277.2
228.0
152.9
118.3
120.4

HC
GM/HR
21.7
16.2
24.8
46.1
55.9
76.1
110.8
138.0
161.5
170.2
19. S

260.1
242. 8
210.1
136.5
127.2
82.3
58.2
24.2
12.2
20.2

N02
GM/HR
1.8
5.2
9.0
40.1
61.0
236.2
357.7
293.4
252.5
307.5
2.1

771.9
703,6
775.9
792.3
645.4
299.3
176.0
62.6
26.3
2.3

                                                                                                     VO
                                                                                                     CT\
   ENGINE NOT
      ==23 NODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
          BSCO 35.75 GM/BHP-HR
          8SHC  2.84 GM/BHP-HR
         BSNC2  8.97 GM/BHP-HR
          6SFC G.574 LB/8HP-HR
TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                                                         IKLET
     ==*TEST  CONOITIONS»=
     BAROMETER  745.7 MKHG
   HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/L8
AIR TEMP. RANGE 73F - 75F
 MAX. EXHAUST TEHP. 1414F

-------
TABLE 1-7
STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS  WITH 5 TC 7.53 EGR**FCR E KG IKE NO.  23  CEGR  WAS CUT-
OFF DURING MODES  1, 2,  9, !Ct 11, 13, 14, 21t AI\C 22  CF THE CYCLE).•
MCDE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
2C
21
22
23*





ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST FUEL IGNITION
SPEED POkER. VACUUM FLGh FLOk TIMING
RPM BHP «HG L6/HR L6/HR DEC BTC
750 0.0
1200 l.C
1200 4.1
1200 9.2
1200 12.8
1200 25.7
1200 38.5
1200 42.1
1200 47.3
1200 51.4
750 0.0

2300 102.3
2300 94.1
2300 63.9
2300 76.7
2300 51.2
2300 25.6
2300 16.4
2300 6.2
2300 2.0
760 0.0

=




* ENGINE NOT TESTED
** EGR WAS PROGRAMMED
18. C 68 4.3
18.9 108 6.7
18.1 111 6.8
17.0 127 7.7
15.4 146 8.7
7.C 239 14.7
3.6 262 19.7
2.5 300 21.2
2.6 319 22.6
1.2 34C 23.8
16.4 67 4.2

2.6 675 45.6
3.9 632 42.8
2.0 592 41.0
3.0 565 38.8
S.C 437 27.3
15.5 288 17.5
17.C 254 15.4
18. S 207 12.4
20.5 182 10.7
18.5 69 4.3

*23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE"
BSCO 59.47 GM/BHP-HR
BSHC 3.44 GM/BHP-HR
BSN02 5.87 GM/BHP-HR
8SFC 0.566 LB/8HP-HR
IN MOTORED MODES
TO INCREASE LINEARLY WITH
WITH 5* EGR AT 83 LOAD AND INCREASING TC 7
PROCEDURE WAS USED FOR BOTH SPEEDS IK THE
5.0
9.0
19.0
30.0
30.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
5.0

20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
25.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
5.0




CO
PCT
0.51
0.37
0.28
0.18
0.10
0.25
2.89
2.92
2.96
2.83
0.45

1.88
1.96
2.39
2.21
0.48
0.22
0.22
0.17
0.16
0.30




HC NOX CO HC N02
PPMC PPN GM/HR GM/HR GM/HR
1500 49 164.7 23.7 2.5
550 65 185.4 13.6 5.3
1150 93 148.8 29.8 8.0
1750 272 107.4 51.6 26.5
1750 408 67.9 60.5 46.7
1350 435 284.5 77.2 82.6
1150 404 3863.8 76.1 86.8
2375 556 4223.5 169.9 131.8
2500 965 4610.0 192.7 246.7
2420 1305 4689.4 198.7 355.8
1375 42 144.2 21.8 2.2

1750 1733 6201.0 286.2 941.2
1600 1648 6046.6 275.1 835.9
1900 742 6908.4 271.9 352.6
1800 682 6149.1 247.1 311.0
1250 868 1042.0 134.3 309.4
1325 874 311.0 94.2 206.1
1050 519 286.5 66.6 109.1
565 225 178.7 29.0 38.1
340 197 143.6 15.0 28.9
1300 44 100.5 21.2 2.4

==TEST CONDITIONS"
BAROMETER 745.2 M«HG
HUMIDITY 54 GRAINS/LB
IKLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 74F - 77F


ENGINE
.5? EGR
CYCLE.


LOAD
MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 14C9F

STARTING
AT 62% LCAO. THIS



-------
TABLE 1-8
STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS  feUH  5 TC 103 EG8**CR  EIVGIKE NO. 23 (EGR WAS  CUT-
OFF CURING WOOES  19 2,  Sf  109 11, 13f 14, 21,  AhC 22 CF THE CYCLE).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST FUEL
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLCW FLOW
MODE RPM BHP «HG L8/HR L8/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
a
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*





* ENG
** EGR
W
750
12CO
120C
1200
1200
1200
12CC
1200
1200
1200
76C

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
770






INE NOT
0.0 l£.l 69 4.3
l.C 19.3 1C5 6.6
4.1 16.4 110 6.9
9.2 17.3 120 7.5
12.8 15.9 139 8.6
25.7 6.8 232 14.3
38.5 2.2 289 20.2
42.1 l.C 305 21.0
47.3 2.5 315 22.1
51.4 l.C 334 23.2
0.0 18.3 68 4.3

102.3 2.7 672 45.1
94.1 3.9 615 41.3
83.9 2.2 575 39.3
76.7 3.C 566 38.5
51,2 7.4 444 27.5
25.6 15.7 279 17.0
18.4 17.2 247 14.9
8.2 18.8 2C1 11.9
2.0 2C.4 174 10.1
0.0 18.4 68 4.2

==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE
BSCO 52.56 GK/8HP-HR
BSHC 3.C3 Gfl/BHP-HR
8SN02 5.9C Gtf/BHP-HR
8SFC C.576 L8/8HP-HR
TESTED IN WOTGRED KCDES
WAS PROGRAMMED TO INCREASE LINEARLY fcl
ITH 5% E
PROCEDURE
GR AT 8% LOAD AND INCREASING TO
I GMT 1C*
T I KING
DEC BTC
5.0
10.5
17.5
23.0
30.0
11.0
11. C
11.0
11.0
11.0
5.0

20. C
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
39.0
5.0

zss.


CC
PCT
0.30
0.46
0.41
0.37
0.25
0.26
2.74
2.67
2.87
2.74
0.41

1.73
1.81
2.09
2.03
0.45
0.44
0.26
0.25
0.25
0.25




HC NOX CO HC N02
PP*C PPM GM/HR GM/Hf! GM/HR
1360 43 91.2 20.3 2.1
670 65 217.1 15.6 5.0
1050 88 202.8 25.7 7.1
1850 259 198.6 49.4 23.0
1950 481 159.0 61.1 5C.O
1350 412 280.6 71.6 72.6
2225 362 3669.1 147.1 79.5
2125 596 3719.6 146.5 136.5
2450 1005 4159.4 175.5 239.0
2350 1285 4263.7 181.0 328.6
1350 48 126.3 2C.7 2.4

1675 1836 5488.2 263.1 957.8
1700 1815 5177.3 240.8 853.9
1825 927 5725.5 246.7 416.1
1700 800 5515.0 227.9 355.8
870 600 960.8 91.3 209.2
1250 956 573.2 81.0 205.6
950 652 306.5 54.8 124.8
500 279 238.5 23.3 43.1
300 214 203.1 12.0 28.4
1200 51 78.1 18.3 2.5

==TEST CONDITIONS-
BAROMETER 745.7 MMHG
HUMIDITY 54 GRAINS/L8
INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 75F - 79F


TH ENGIIVE
10 % EGR


LCAC
AT 82?
KAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1417F

STARTING
LOAD. THIS
HAS USED FOR BOTH SPEEDS IN THE CYCLE.
                                                                                                    00

-------
TABLE 1-9  STANDARD ADJUSTMENTS UIH 15? GR KAXIPUf. EGR FCR ENGINE NO.  23**4 EGR WAS
           CUTOFF DURING  MODES  1,2, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 21, AND 22 CF THE  CYCLE).
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MGCE RPM BHP «HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
12CO
1200
12CO
1200 .
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
760

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
775

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.8
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.C
0.0

17.9
19.2
17.5
11.9
9.2
3.6
1.0
i.C
2.3
1.2
18.3

2.8
4.G
2.3
3.1
5.8
9.8
11.0
14.6
2C.4
18.4

67
107
133
175
164
243
294
3C6
324
344
66

670
623
589
591
457
332
308
245
169
69

FUEL I
FLOW
LB/HR
4.3
6.7
7.4
9.9
11.7
16.5
20.4
21.1
22.1
23.2
4-2

45.2
42.0
40.2
37.9
29.1
20.7
18.6
14.1
10.0
4.3

GMTIC*
TIMING
DEC ETC
5.0
10.5
25.0
25.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
5.0

20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
39.0
39.0
5.0

CO
PCT
0.59
0.58
0.39
0.20
1.35
1.85
2.72
2.76
1.74
1.56
0.55

1.87
1.87
2.12
0.87
0.79
0.56
0.38
0.30
0.17
0.33

HC
PPKC
1775
370
3700
4300
4000
2050
2100
2100
2430
2350
1415

1730
1725
1825
1025
975
3100
6000
8300
450
1450

NOX
PPK
40
56
48
69
81
149
364
534
915
1204
47

1726
1687
741
381
404
165
137
111
182
42

CO
GM/HR
179.3
236.1
233.7
165.4
1130.0
2142.5
3744.5
3922.7
2839.0
2722.1
169.5

6084.3
5653.9
6099.2
2515.6
1777.8
903.7
567.0
348.8
140.3
124.4

HC
GM/HR
26.6
9.0
109.8
173.7
165.6
117.4
143.1
147.8
196.1
202.2
21.6

278.6
258.0
259.1
146.8
109.0
248.5
444.0
498.3
13.1
23.6

N02
GM/HR
2.0
4.5
4.7
9.3
11.1
28.1
82.4
124.6
244.9
344.1
2.4

923.1
837.4
349.3
181.2
149.6
43.9
33.7
20.9
24.3
2.2

                    «23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE
                        6SCC  57.C3 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSHC   4.74 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSNC2   4.68 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  C.6C8 LB/8HP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IK MOTORED  MODES
** 15? EGR WAS USED IN ALL  MODES  CF THE CYCLE
     WHERE 15* EGR wAS NOT  ATTAINABLE DUE TC
     THE EGR VALVE. FDR THOSb  MODES fclTH LESS
     THE EGR VALVE WAS wIUE CPEK.
                              CCNDITIONS==
                       BAROMETER 746.3 HMHG
                    HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
           IlvLET AIR TEMP.  RANGE 74F - 78F
                  MAX.  EXHAUST TEHP. 1410F
 FRC* 83 TC 82% LOAD  EXCEPT
LIMITATION GF FLOW THROUGH
 THAN 15* EGR INCICATEC,
VO

-------
                                                         200
APPENDIX J. -- RESULTS FROM TESTS USING VARIED IGNITION
                TIMING WITH HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE ENGINES
                            (23-MODE CYCLE)

-------
TABLE J-l   MODIFIED VACUUM ADVANCE UNIT  NO.  1  FOR ENGINE .NC. 22.
. ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BHP . «HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
710
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
720

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
720

0.0
1*0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
3?. 7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

18. C
IS. 8
lfi.4
16.7
15.5
12.9
£.0
6.2
4.9
3.C
18.C

1.6
4.1
6.9
8.9
13.1
16.7
17.9
19.4
20.3
13.1

72
125
132
159
182
220
294
327
348
362
74

778
697
621
566
431
306
272
225
195
71

FUEL I
FLOfc
LB/HR
5.0
7.4
7.8
9.2
10.4
14.1
18.2
20.6
22.4
23.2
5.0

49.5
45.4
39.3
35.9
27.3
19.2
16.9
14.1
12.6
4.7

GMTION
TIDING
DEG BTC
1.0
18.0
16.0
16.0
16.0
16.0
14.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
1.0

15.5
15.5
18.0
22.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
25.0
24.0
1.0

CO
PCT
3.34
0.21
0.19
0.13
0.12
0.53
0.16
0.28
0.50
0.59
2.25

1.02
1.32
0.55
0.38
0.42
0.48
0.45
0.54
0.82
1.66

HC
PPNC
2220
1020
1110
1170
1860
2220
1860
1800
2040
2025
2340

440
575
1020
1500
1485
930
680
540
720
2070

NCX** CO
PPM GM/HR
87
107
169
293
370
1296
1961
1725
1754
1819
87

1470
1297
1855
2333
1759
805
534
289
186
81

998.3
121.5
111.2
96.2
101.0
545.4
217.1
434.6
825.3
1016.0
751.3

3767.1
4323.7
1622.6
1042.8
866.4
702.8
578.6
574.9
781.0
534.2

KC
GK/HR
32.9
28.7
32.9
41.6
76.6
112.0
126.0
135.9
165.2
171.7
38.6

80.2
93.5
149.9
201.8
151.6
67.3
43.7
28.6
33.9
33.0

M02
GM/HR
4.3
9.9
16.6
34.5
50.6
217.1
441.2
432.1
471.5
512*2
4.6

889.0
700.1
905.1
1C42.1
595.9
193.2
113.8
50.8
26.9
4.2

*  ENGINE NOT  TESTED
** NCX  FOR  THIS  TEST
~23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE'
   BSCO 33.92 GM/BHP-HR
   8SHC  2.80 GK/BHP-HR
   8SN02 10.21 GM/BHP-HR
   BSFC 0.629 LB/BHP-HR
 IN MOTORED MODES
 UAS  MEASURED BY NDIR.
                                                                     ==TEST  CONDITIONS'*
                                                                     BAROMETER  745.0 MMHG
                                                                   HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
                                                                AIR TEMP. RANGE 78F - 81F
                                                                 WAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1451F
N3
O

-------
TABLE J-2  MODIFIED VACUUM ADVANCE  UNIT  NC.  2  FOR ENGINE NC. 22,
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BHP *»HG L8/HR
1
2
•a
-*
A
5
6
7
6
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
740
1200
12CC
1200
1200
1200
120C
1200
1200
1200
730

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
23CO
2300
715

C.O
l.C
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
46.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
60.7
73.6
49.5
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

18.2
20. C
ie.7
17.3
16.2
13.2
e.i
6.4
4.8
3.8
17.8

1.6
3.7
6.9
8.7
13.2
16.9
18.0
19.7
20.4
18.1

76
112
124
147
167
212
292
317
335
364
88

744
716
623
573
426
3CC
270
222
168
73

FUEL I
FLOfc
LB/HR
5.1
7.0
7.5
8.7
9.7
13.8
18.1
19.8
21.6
23.3
5.9

47.1
46.3
39.5.
36.3
27.1
18.9
16.9
14.0
12.3
4.3

GMTICfv
TIKIMG
DEG BTC
1.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
14.5
9.5
a. 5
6.0
0.0

16.0
16.0
18.5
23.0
29.0
28.0
23.0
28.0
28.0
0.0

cc
PCT
1.95
0.51
0.23
0.15
O'.ll
0.78
0.16
0.20
0.55
0.62
2.07

0.92
1.10
0.61
0.59
0.47
0.51
0.46
0.62
1.13
1.66

HC
PPPC
2235
1575
1440
1530
1530
2475
1920
1710
1995
1920
2340

395
400
1020
1410
1710
1125
870
730
1080
2040

NOX** CC
PPW GM/HR
58
99
167
342
468
1231
1888
1765
1675
1722
61

1523
1205
1862
2102
1977
880
588
315
182
61

660.9
262.8
129.7
97.8
64.2
780.2
253.7
304.1
875.3
1076.7
864.5

3312.0
3744.5
1851.5
1626.9
971.9
739.5
610.2
661.8
1023.8
552.3

HC
GK/HR
37.5
40.2
40.9
50.6
56.3
123.0
131.1
127.9
157.8
165.6
48.3

70.1
67.6
152.3
193.6
175.3
80.4
57.6
38.2
48.3
33.6

N02
GM/HR
3.2
8.4
15.7
37.6
59.1
2C3.0
428.2
438.2
439.8
493.2
4.1

897.2
676.4
923.2
957.9
672.9
208.7
129.4
54.8
27.0
3.3

                                                                                                   10
                                                                                                   o
                                                                                                   ro
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED
** NCX FOR THIS TEST
=«23 MGDE  CYCLE  COMPOSITE
   6SCO 34.41 GM/BHP-HR
   BSHC   2.92 GM/BHP-HR
  BSNG2 10.18 GM/BHP-HR
   BSFC 0.626 LB/BHP-HR
 IN MOTORED  MODES
 MAS MEASURED 6* NDIR.
                                                                    ==TEST  CGNCITIGNS==
                                                                    BAROMETER 745.2 MMHG
                                                                   HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
                                                         IfcLET AIR TEMP.  RANGE 82F -  87F
                                                                MAX.  EXHAUST TEMP. 1473F

-------
TABLE J-3   IGNITION  TIMING  RETARDED 2.5 OEGRF.cS FOR ENGINE fvO.  23.
ENGINE OBSERVED MAMFGLO EXHAl'ST
SPEED POWER VACUUH FLOW
MODE RPft BHP MHG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
c
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
22*
755
1200
12CC
12CO
120C
1200
120C
1200
1200
1200
750

2300
2300
2300
2300
230C
2300
2300
2300
23CC
760

0.0
l.C
4.1
9.2
12.6
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
£.2
2.0
0.0

17. e
19.2
18.7
17.6
16.3
1C.1
5.0
4.2
2.5
l.C
18. C

2.2
3.5
4.S
5.4
10.6
16.0
17.3
1S.1
20. 3
18. C

87
119
124
138
156
246
313
33C
355
373
87

718
666
632
620
466
3C9
275
22b
2C1
93

FUEL IGNITIGf,
FLOh TIMING
LB/HR OEG BTC
4.7
6.8
7.1
3.0
9.1
14.1
19.8
22.5
24.3
25.1
4.7

48.9
44.9
42.1
39.1
27.3
16.0
15.8
12.9
11.1
4.6

2.5
10.0
19.5
27.0
26.5
17.5
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
2.5

16.0
16.0
16.0
16.5
26.5
36.0
35.0
36.0
35.0
2.5

CO
PCT
0.24
0.34
0.32
0.26
0.16
0.11
1.06
2.95
3.04
2.56
U.28

2.06
1.98
1.72
0.83
0.26
0.24
0.18
0.15
0.14
Q.19

hC
PFKC
830
520
1000
1650
1690
1350
1650
2110
2225
2000
850

1685
1590
1500
1035
975
1000
750
400
250
600

NOX
PPM
37
62
273
453
758
1223
1238
697
841
1111
48

1428
1430
1446
1518
1730
1252
832
366
190
40

CO
GM/HR
93.3
181.8
179.7
169.5
132.5
124.5
1527.4
4485.2
5014.3
4533.4
110.9

6955.1
6237.5
5191.7
2463.8
572.3
354.7
233.7
167.4
127.9
87.9

HC
GM/HR
16.2
13.9
28.0
52.7
61.0
76.5
118.1
158.7
181.7
174.9
16.6

281.0
247.9
224.3
152.0
107.3
72.4
48.6
21.5
11.7
13.7

N02
GM/HR
2.4
5.5
25.3
47.9
90.7
230.2
294.3
173.9
227.9
322.7
3.1

790.8
739.8
718.1
739.9
632.2
300.9
178.9
65.2
29.3
3.0

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED
==23  HCDE CYCLE CGNPCSITE'
   BSCO 47.59 GM/BHP-HR
   8SHC  2.86 GK/3HP-HR
   8SN02  6.69 GW/6HP-HR
   BSFC C.604 LB/8HP-HR
 IN MOTORED MODES
           ==TEST CONDITIONS-*
           BAROMETER  748.3  MFHG
         HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 72F - 76F
       WAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1446F
                                                                                                    NJ
                                                                                                    O
                                                                                                    U>

-------
TABLE J-4  IGNITION TIMING RETARDED  5  DEGREES FOP ENGINE KG. 23.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOto
MODE RPM BHP "HG LB/HR
i
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
12CO
1200
1200
1200
12CO
1200
1200
780

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
230G
780

C.O
l.C
4-1
9.2
12.6
25.7
3C.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102. 3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
£.2
2.0
0.0

17. C
19.5
lfi.7
17.8
16.4
10.3
4.9
3.€
1.7
l.C
17.5

1.7
2.6
4.1
4.8
10.3
16. C
17.2
18. 9
20.2
17.6

80
1C9
114
129
147
236
310
322
357
387
78

754
713
664
639
474
310
275
222
195
80

FUEL IGNITION
FLCfc TIMftG
LB/HR OEG 8TC
5.0
6.3
7.1
8.1
9.2
14.2
20.5
22.8
24.8
26.1
4.9

51.1
47.9
44.8
41.9
29.0
19.0
16.7
13.4
11.6
5.0

0.0
9.5
12.0
24.0
24.0
14.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
0.0

13.5
13.5
13.5
15.0
24.0
33.0
33.0
33.0
33.0
0.0

CC
PCT
0.23
0.34
0.38
0.35
0.26
0.12
1.41
3.09
2.78
2.31
0.32

2.08
1.87
2.00
1.36
0,32
0.25
0.20
0.17
0.13
0.27

HC
PF«C
795
525
985
160C
1700
1250
1650
2100
1950
1300
690

1550
1450
1420
1100
780
910
650
350
200
650

NCX
PPM
57
71
132
432
731
1266
1238
772
1124
1244
61

1377
1420
1286
1332
1489
1138
775
352
189
53

CO
GM/HR
60.7
15C.9
172.5
186.8
161.8
114.8
1824.6
4453.0
4365.2
3572.4
98.0

6344.4
5486.3
5506.3
3682.4
630.6
323.7
223.8
153.5
101.6
87.2

HC
GM/HR
13.5
11.6
22.3
42.1
51.5
60.8
105.8
149.5
151.2
137.9
10.3

234,2
209.9
193.0
147.8
75.8
58.2
36.7
15.8
8.0
10.4

N3
NO2 °
GM/HR
3.2
5.2
9.9
37.6
73.6
204.2
263.4
162.5
289.2
316.6
3.0

691.1
682.1
580.4
593.8
480.2
241.7
145.0
52.9
24.6
2.8

*  ENGINE NOT
      ==23 MODE CYCLE CCMPCSITE==
          BSCG 48.68 GK/BHP-HR
          BSHC  2.41 GM/8HP-HR
         BSNC2  7.28 GH/BHP-HR
          BSFC C.635 LB/8HP-HR
TESTED IN WOTCRED MODES
                                                                    ==TEST  CONDITIONS**
                                                                    BAROMETER 749.8 MHHG
                                                                  HUFICITY   54 GRAINS/L8
                                                         INLET AIR TE«P.  RANGE 71F - 75F
                                                                PAX.  EXHAUST TEMP. 14S4F

-------
TABLE J-5  IGNITION TIMING RETARDED  7.5 DEGREES FOR ENGINE NO. 23.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BHP . "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
16
19
20
21
22
23*
750
120U
1200
1201;
1203
1200
1200
120C
12wO
1200
750

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
790

0.0
0.9
3.5
7.8
10.9
21.7
32.6
35.6
40. C
43.4
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

16.4
19.0
18.6
17.8
16.7
11.8
5.6
5.0
4.C
2.7
16.5

1.7
2.5
4.0
4.6
10.1
15.9
17.1
18.8
20. C
17.1

83
109
115
123
136
221
292
294
313
329
83

744
720
66C
630
468
301
272
227
194
36

FUEL I
FLOW
LB/HR
5.2
6.7
7.0
7.5
8.3
13.0
18.3
19.2
21.7
23.0
5.2

50.7
48.1
44.1
40.9
28.2
18.1
16.2
13.5
11.4
5.3

GNIT1GW
TIMING CO
DEG BTC PCT
2.5
ia. v>
15.0
23. u
24.3
is.c
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
2.5

10. a
13.0
10.3
13.5
19.0
29. 0
30. 6
30.0
30.0
2.5

0.31
C.31
0.?4
'• ' C?
v • ID
0.14
O.ii
0.^9
1.18
2.82
2.82
0.32

2.22
1.74
1.79
1.22
C.27
0.23
0.15
O.ii
0.12
0.25

HC
PPMC
630
435
730
1350
1500
1203
1050
15CC
21QO
2120
630

14CO
1200
1150
600
530
68C
460
265
i6U
470

NOX
PPM
59
66
96
304
489
883
1022
1G34
728
782
58

1063
1205
1106
1110
1217
875
622
319
167
57

CO
GM/HR
1C6.5
145.1
115.3
91.5
82.5
105.0
618.8
1422.8
3516.9
4094.5
120.1

7269.6
5518.6
5253.8
3479.9
566.7
306. 2
160.5
149.0
101.5
96.0

HC
GM/HR
1C. 8
10.0
17.2
34.4
42.5
57.4
66.D
96.1
129.6
152.0
11.7

227.2
188.2
167.4
112.5
55.2
45.5
27.1
13.3
6.8
8.8

N02
GM/HR
3.4
5.0
7.5
25.7
45.9
140.2
213.1
219.9
149.2
186.2
3.5

572.3
627.2
534.1
517.9
421.1
194.1
121.5
52.9
23.6
3.5

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED
==23  MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
   BSCO  45.90 GM/BHP-HR
   BSHC   2.13 GM/BHP-HR
  BSN02   6.80 GM/BHP-HR
   BSFC  0.658 LE/8HP-HR
 IN MOTORED MCDES
                                                                    =*=TEST CONDITIONS"
                                                                    BAROMETER  748.3 MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY  54 GRAINS/LB
                                                         INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 74F  - 76F
                                                                MAX. EXHAUST TEHP.  1530F
NJ
O
Ul

-------
                                                          206
APPENDIX K. -= RESULTS FROM TESTS USING COMBINATIONS OF
                   PARAMETERS FOR REDUCED EMISSIONS
                   FROM HEAVY DUTY GASOLINE ENGINES
                            (23-MODE CYCLE)

-------
TABLE K-l
COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NC.  1  FOR  ENGINE  KG.  22  — STC. TIMING, AIR
INJECTION 
-------
TABLE K-2  COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NO, 1 IREPLICATE OF  TEST IN TABLE K-l)  FOR
           ENGINE NO. 22 —  STD.  TIMING, AIR INJECTION, AIR-FUEL RATIO LEANER  THAN
           STANDARD, 153 EGR,  AND UCP CATALYSTS.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BHP «HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
11
18
19
20
21
22
23*
6.50
120C
120C
1200
1200
1200
1200
120C
1200
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
23CC
2300
2300
2300
650

0.0
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

15.7
16.7
15.9
14.0
12.9
5.6
3.3
2.7
1.7
1.4
16.1

l.C
1.1
1.8
2.1
5.6
9.4
10.8
13.6
15.4
15.9

107
215
226
243
240
348
376
401
426
438
111

819
807
771
751
620
494
441
415
377
104

FUEL I
FLOfe
LB/HR
4.9
8.6
9.2
11.0
11.4
17.6
19.9
21.4
22.9
23.9
5.1

50.7.
46.2
43.7
42.5
33.8
24.5
21.2
18.8
16.3
4.6

GNITICfc
TIKI KG
DEC 8TC
0.0
11.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
3.0
8.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
2C.O
0.0

CO
PCT
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.01

0.05
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01

HC
PPHC
210
48
44
95
45
29
38
45
56
50
215

65
16
11
9
8
30
49
85
130
300

NOX
PPM
51
50
67
177
186
240
651
865
1026
883
68

1125
1196
806
647
289
127
101
75
65
52

CO
GM/HR
5.1
10.2
10.8
12.7
12.6
18.1
19.3
21.1
2<3.5
34.2
5.7

207.3
103.9
84.7
79.1
43.1
38.4
38.6
32.9
26.6
5.5

HC
GM/HR
5.1
2.4
2.3
5.5
2.6
2.4
3.4
4.4
5.8
5.3
5.4

13.5
3.5
2.0
1.6
1.2
3.5
5.2
6.5
11.8
7.2

NO 2
GM/HR
4.0
8.1
11.6
33.7
34.9
66.3
192.7
280.3
350.7
310.5
5.6

772.8
788.5
502.0
392.8
143.1
49.3
34.9
24.5
19.6
4.2

*  EfvGINE WOT
      ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
          BSCO  1.27 GK/BHP-HR
          BSHC  0.15 GH/BHP-HR
         BSN02  5.88 GM/BHP-HR
          BSFC 0.708 LB/BHP-HP
TESTED IK MOTORED MOOES
                                                                     ==TEST  CONCITIONS==
                                                                     BAROMETER  741.9 Hf'.HG
                                                                   HUMIDITY   55 GRAINS/LB
                                                          INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 72F - 78F
                                                                 MAX. EXHAUST TEKP. 1543F
                                                                                                    O
                                                                                                    CO

-------
TABLE K-3  COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NG.  2 FOR ENGINE NC. 22 — STC. TIMING, 'AIR
           INJECTION  (AIR  PUMP/EKGIKE SPEED RATIO = 1.25), AIR-FUEL RATIO  RICHtR
           THAN STANDARD (0.056 CARB. JETS), 15? EGR, AKD UCP CATALYSTS.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOh
MODE RPM BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
645
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
645

2300
2300
2300
23CO
2300
2300
23CC
23CO
2300
690

0.0
1.0
3.9
€.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

1C6.3
97.7
87.1
79.7
53.1
26.6
19.1
8.5
2.1
0.0

15. S
ie.3
17.5
16.1
i3.e
9.2
4.5
3.6
2.6
1.7
16.0

l.C
1.1
2.C
2.9
7.C
11.4
13.3
15.7
17.1
16.2

1C8
194
197
226
240
294
362
369
390
400
106

856
791
736
714
549
448
406
352
323
109

FUEL IGMTICN
FLOb TINIKG CC
LB/HR DEC BTC PCT
5.1
8.2
8.5
10.2
11.4
16.0
21.2
21.3
23.2
24.1
5.2

62.3
49.9
46.1
44.6
32.1
24.1
21.0
17.1
15.2
5.1

1.0
13.0
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
19.0
19.0
20.0
20.0
20. 0
0.0

0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
a. 01
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.01

3.93
C.16
0.07
0.06
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

HC
PPMC
250
37
38
46
47
53
54
58
67
80
200

830
11
7
7
12
12
12
15
20
165

NCX
PPM
60
70
106
204
213
288
467
578
814
1073
60

551
949
645
540
333
135
115
88
75
57

CO
GM/HR
4.8
7.1
8.9
10.3
10.9
14.5
43.7
61.1
70.4
150.7
5.3

16002.9
601.0
244.2
138.6
57.0
25.8
20.1
17.3
14.6
5.0

HC
GM/HR
5.7
1.6
1.7
2.4
2.5
3.6
4.6
5.0
6.0
7.4
4.7

167.1
2.0
1.2
1.2
1.6
1.2
1.1
1.2
1.4
3.9

NG2
GM/H;<
4.4
<= .- 7
15.2
34.5
3S.3
6 3 . B
131.3
164.5
242.5
329.9
4.6

368.3
566.1
370.1
301. 2
14 C.I
45.7
34.9
22. >J
1S.C
4.5

                    ==23  MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE=
                        BSCO 18.99 GH/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   0.26 GH/BHP-HR
                       BSN02   4.05 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.683 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  MOOES
           ==TEST CONDITIONS—
           BAROMETER 745.2 MMHG
         HUMIDITY  54 GRAINS/LB
INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 75F -  79F
       MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1558F
o
\o

-------
TABLE K-4
COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS  NCa  2  CREPLICATE OF TfcST  IN  TABLE K-3) FOR
ENGINE NO. 22 — STO. TIJUNG?  AIR INJECTION, AIR-FUEL  RATIO RICHER THAN
STANDARD, 15% EGR•  AND  UOP CATALYSTS.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM 8HP "HG L8/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1C
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
690
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200.
1200
1200
1200
710

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
660

c.o
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

106.3
97.8
87.1
79.7
53.1
26.6
19.1
8.5
2.1
0.0

16.4
16.0
17.1
15.9
13.6
5.1
4*4
3.5
2.5
1.6
17.5

1.0
1.1
2.1
2.9
6.9
11.5
12.9
15.3
17. C
16. C

110
173
2CO
219
241
288
354
386
398
421
99

819
801
756
724
582
445
429
363
326
105

FUEL I
FLCfe
L8/HR
5.2
7.3
8.7
10.0
11.5
15.'7
20.8
22.9
23.8
25.4
5.3

60.3
50.7
47.3
45.2
34.0
24.1
22,5
17.6
15.3
4.9

GMTICfc
TIDING
DEG ETC
1.0
12.5
12.5
12.0
12.0 .
12.0
8.0
7.5
7.5
7.5
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
19.0
0.0

CO
PCT
0.01
0.01
0.01
O.Oi
o.o;*
0.01
0.03
0.03
0.03
0.12
0.01

4.14
0.18
0.07
0.05
O.C2
0.01
O.C1
0.01
0.01
0.01

HC
PHPC
160
36
34
45
46
48
48
49
59
60
28

870
10
3
3
7
8
10
17
17
115

NOX
PPi*
51
67
135
172
184
252
391
462
659
937
36

467
956
578
476
282
124
107
86
72
54

CO
Gtf/HR
4.2
6.6
7*6
8.3
9.3
13.4
44.1
fcl.O
65.9
236.2
4.6

16216.1
633.8
237.9
182.1
60.4
26.2
21.5
17.8
15.1
4.8

HC
GM/HR
3.9
1.4
1.6
2.3
2.6
3.2
4.1
4.6
5.6
6.0
0.6

168.6
1.9
0.5
0.5
0.9
0. 8
0.9
1.3
1.3
2.7

NQ2
GM/HR
4.2
8.6
2C.6
28.6
34.4
56.3
110.9
142.5
207.6
312.4
2.7

300.5
600.9
343.5
270.9
126.3
42.3
35.3
23.2
17.9
4.2

                     ==23  MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                        BSCO 19.36 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  0.24 GM/BHP-HR
                        8SN02  3.80 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.6«54 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
                                                          ==TEST CONDITIONS*^
                                                          BAROMETER 743.5 MMHG
                                                        HUMIDITY  55 GRAINS/L6
                                              1KLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 74F -  77F
                                                      WAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1565F
                                                                                                    Ni
                                                                                                    t->
                                                                                                    o

-------
TABLE K-5  COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NC.  3 FOR ENGINE NO. 22 — STG. TIMING, Alk
           INJECTION  (AIR  PUMP/ENGINE SPEED RATIO = 1.25) STANDARD AIR-FUEL  RATIO,
               EGR, AND  UOP  CATALYSTS.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
725
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
6S5

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
675

0.0
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36.4
39.7
44.6
46.5
0.0

98.4
90.6
80. 7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

16.9
ifi.e
17.6
15.7
14.5
8.2
4.1
3.2
2.4
1.7
16.6

1.1
1.6
2.4
3.2
6.7
1C.9
12.3
14.7
16.7
16.9

105
168
191
227
222
302
379
384
404
425
102

819
785
729
703
588
483
428
368
324
102

FUEL IGMTICN
FLOW TIMING
LB/HR DEG BTC
5.2
7.3
8.4
10.2
10.8
15.8
21.0
21.4
22.8
24.3
5.0

49.3
46.8
43.3
41.6
32.2
24.8
21.3
17.4
14.8
4.9

0.0
12.5
13.0
12.5
12.5
12.5
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
0.0

CG
PCT
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

0.05
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

HC
PPMC
73
33
33
40
51
47
40
42
48
49
70

31
15
10
10
13
16
1?
33
30
82

NOX
PPM
47
72
102
149
201
199
620
802
1135
1308
57

1552
1106
763
630
337
136
110
81
69
46

CC
GM/HR
3.9
7.8
7.2
8.5
10.2
13.8
19.0
19.4
20.4
28.5
4.7

209.6
122.7
95.2
73.9
27.0
18.0
16.2
13.9
12.3
3.0

KC
Gtf/HR
1.7
1.3
1.4
2.0
2.6
3.3
3.5
3.6
4.6
4.9
1.6

6.1
2.7
1.7
1.6
1.8
1.7
1.9
2.8
2.2
1.9

N02
GM/HR
3.6
9.1
14.4
25.2
33.6
45.7
162.4
239.6
357.3
431.9
4.3

1007^2
679.3
433.1
345.1
152.5
50.1
36.1
22.3
16.9
3.4

                    «23 MODE  CYCLE COMPOSITE-
                        BSCO   1.16 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC   0.08 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSN02   5.53 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC  0.690 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  MODES
           "TEST CONDITIONS"
           BAROMETER 745.7 NMHG
         HUMIDITY  54 GRAINS/LB
INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 75F -  79F
       MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1549F
ro

-------
TABLE K-6  COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NO. 3 CREPLICATE  CF  TEST IN TABLE K-51 FOR
           ENGINE NO. 22 — STD. TIMING* AIR INjECTIONf STANDARD AIR-FUEL RATIOt
               EGRt AND UOP CATALYSTS.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLCfe
MODE RP« BHP «HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
680
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
700

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
750

0.0
1.0
3.9
8.7
12.1
24.2
36*4
39.7
44.6
48.5
0.0

96.4
90.6
80.7
73.8
49.2
24.6
17.7
7.9
2.0
0.0

16.8
18.7
17.5
15.5
13.9
8.1 '
4.1
3.2
2.4
1.6
16.7

1.0
1.6
2.5
3.3
6.8
11.0
12.2
15.0
16.5
17.0

101
167
192
223
238
290
361
379
395
417
100

818
772
723
708
587
460
439
377
346
114

FUEL I
FLGfc
LB/HR
4.9
7.3
8.4
10.0
11.7
15.1
20.2
21.4
22.4
23.8
4.9

49.6
45.7
42.7
41.7
31.7
23.2
21.7
17.5
15.4
5.3

GNITICN
TIMING
DEG BTC
1.0
12.0
13.0
13.0
12.5
12.5
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
20.0
0.0

CO
PCT
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

0.10
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

HC
PPMC
73
33
33
40
45
48
45
46
54
56
90

45
20
12
10
14
15
20
30
36
80

NQX
PPM
46
71
100
154
195
270
624
820
1189
1363
70

1552
1191
821
654
358
141
112
87
72
60

CO
GM/HR
3.7
6.1
7.1
8.2
8.7
10-. 6
16.0
16.7
19.4
27.5
3.7

388.5
147.0
109.3
88.5
30.7
22.2
21.4
18.3
13.5
4.5

HC
GM/HR
1.6
1.2
1.4
2.0
2.4
3.1
3.6
3.9
4.8
5.4
2.0

8.8
3.7
2.1
1.7
2.0
1.7
2.1
2.7
2.9
2.2

NO 2
GH/HR
3.3
8.7
13.9
25.2
33.9
57.6
167.8
230.8
355.5
432.8
5.1

1008.9
734.7
474.0
370.5
168.8
52.0
39.9
26.2
19.5
5.3

*  ENGINE NOT TESTED
                     =23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE'
                        BSCO  1.47 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  0.09 GM/BHP-HR
                       BSNG2  5.86 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.686 LB/BHP-HR
                     IN MOTORED MODES
                                                                    "TEST CONDITIONS^
                                                                    BAROMETER 745.2  MMHG
                                                                  HUMIDITY  54 GRAINS/LB
                                                         INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 74F - 78F
                                                                MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1539F

-------
TABLE K-7   COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NO. 1 FOR ENGINE KO. 23**— TIMING  RETARDED
            5  DEGREES,  AIR INJECTION (AIR PUMP/ENGINE SPEED RATIO  -  2.5)  STANDARD
            AIR-FUEL  RATIO, AND 5 TC 7.52 EGR.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLCk
MODE RPM BHP «HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
750

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
770

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12. e
25.7
36.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

17.3
18.4
17.7
16.7
15.3
6.2
2.3
l.C
1.0
1.0
17.6

1.8
2.5
1.6
2.C
8.0
15.4
16.7
18.3
20. C
17.9

98
159
165
176
168
308
328
358
380
385
104

768
7C9
664
652
570
381
352
304
280
103

FUEL IGNITION
FLOh TIMING
LB/HR DEC BTC
4.1
6.4
6.9
7.5
8.3
15.6
19.5
21.6
22.8
23.3
4.3

46.1
41.7
40.9
38.3
28.7
16.4
14.6
11.8
10.0
4.1

0.0
6.5
14.0
24.0
24.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
0.0

14.0
14.0
14.0
14.0
14.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
0.0

cc
PCT
0.11
0.10
0.11
O.CC;
0.08
0.13
1.38
1.55
1.59
1.64
0.14

0.49
0.44
0.32
0.32
0.13
0.13
0.12
0.10
0.10
0.11

HC
PPMC
590
270
600
830
1200
550
310
830
950
1000
600

60
42
28
31
130
680
580
440
390
580

NOX
PPM
36
52
80
229
382
451
444
450
919
919
39

1084
1232
705
649
399
592
415
175
129
40

CO
GM/HR
47.2
70.7
80.8
77,4
71.7
192.6
2132.2
2833.3
3098.6
3239.7
71.6

2007.0
1635.2
1141.6
1088.7
399.2
246.5
210.2
159.4
137.7
56.5

HC
GM/HR
13.0
9.7
22.6
33.6
52.1
38.9
61.9
76.9
91.4
98.0
15.0

12.2
7.6
4.9
5.2
19.7
64.7
50.6
33.2
26.7
14.6

N02
GM/HR
2.8
6.2
10.0
30.6
54.9
105.7
112.5
134.9
293.7
298.7
3.1

733.5
743.8
411.1
364.2
200.3
186.7
119.9
43.9
29.1
3.3

*
**
                 «=23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                     BSCO 18.22 GM/BHP-HR
                     BSHC  0.81 GM/BHP-HR
                    BSN02  5.51 GM/BHP-HR
                     BSFC 0.585 LB/BHP-HR
ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
EGR HAS PROGRAMMED TO INCREASE LINEARLY  KITH ENGINt
  WITH 51 EGR AT 8% LOAD AND INCREASING  TO 7.5* EGR
  PROCEDURE MAS USED FOR BOTH SPEEDS  IN  THE CYCLE.
  CURING MOOES 1, 2, S, 10, 11, 13, 14,  21, AND 22
                                                         IK'LET
             ==TEST  CONDITIONS'^
             BAROMETER  746.3 MMHG
           HUMIDITY   54 GRAINS/LB
        AIR TEMP. RAfcGE 74F - 78F
         PAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1553F
 LOAD STARTING
 AT 82?,! LOAD. THIS
FGR WAS CUTOFF
CF THE CYCLE.

-------
TABLE K-8  COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NO. 1  (REPLICATE GF TEST IN TABLE K-71  FOR
           ENGINE NO. 23**-- TIMING RETARDED  5  DEGREES, AIR INJECTION, STANDARD
           AIR-FUEL RATIO, AND 5 TC 7.53 EGR.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM 8 HP *HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
760
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
120O
1200
1200
1200
775

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
23CO
2300
770

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.8
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76,7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

17.3
18.4
17.6
16.5
15.3
7.7
2.3
l.G
1.0
l.G
18.0

1.5
2.4
1.2
1.8
6.6
15.4
16.5
18.4
20.0
18.1

104
162
161
171
188
309
332
353
377
384
101

744
702
682
641
555
366
338
10912
267
108

FUEL I
FLCte
LB/HR
4.4
6.8
6.9
7.4
8.3
15.6
19.6
21.5
23.0
22.9
4.4

45.8
41.9
42.2
38.4
28.7
16.7
14.9
12.1
10.5
4.5

GNITION
TIMING CO
DEG BTC PCT
0.0
5.0
14.0
21.0
21.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
0.0

14.0
14.0
14.0
14.0
14.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
35.0
0.0

0.10
0.09
0.11
0.08
0.07
0.12
1.11
1.41
1.46
1.24
0.12

0.54
0.36
0.34
0.34
0.13
0.12
0.11
0.10
0.09
0.10

HC
PPMC
560
240
520
1000
1125
430
725
775
840
900
450

45
55
22
31
145
670
550
430
360
480

NOX
PPM
22
33
43
59
261
385
476
441
570
816
97

940
1110
509
502
441
598
338
145
109
31

CO
GM/HR
45.9
67.9
74.1
64.3
59.5
166.6
1624.6
2305.0
2504.9
2153.9
51.0

1747.3
1121.5
1097.7
959. 5
310.4
194.3
168*4
125.3
99.7
43*1

HC
GM/HR
12.7
8.7
18.0
38.0
47.2
33.1
52.4
62.5
71.5
77.5
9.6

7.2
8.4
3.6
4.4
17.5
.53.4
40.6
27.5
20.2
10.4

N02
GM/HR
1.6
4.0
4.8
7.5
36.2
88.1
114.3
117.8
161.2
233.3
6.8

499.4
561.4
272.9
234.1
176.6
158.4
63.0
30.6
20.3
2.2

                    ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPCSITE==
                        BSCO I4i92 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  C.69 GM/8HP-HR
                       BSN02  4.00 GM/BHP-HR             INLET
                        BSFC 0.591 LB/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
** EGR WAS PROGRAMMED TO INCREASE LINEARLY  blTH ENGINE LCAD STARTING
     WITH 5? EGR AT 8% LOAD AND INCREASING  TO  7.5? EGR AT 823 LOAD. THIS
     PROCEDURE MAS USED FOR BOTH SPEEDS  IN  THE CYCLE. EGR WAS CUTOFF
     DURING MODES 1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14,  21, AND 22 CF THE CYCLE.
     "TEST CONDITIONS"
     BAROMETER 747.0 HMHG
   HUMIDITY   54  GRAINS/LB
AIR TEMP. RANGE  74F - 79F
 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1497F

-------
TABLE K-9  COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS  NC.  2  FOR ENGIht NO.
           INJECTION (AIR PU«P/EhGIN£  SPEED RATIO = 2.5J
           5 TO 7.5* EGR, AND UOP CATALYSTS.
                                                           23**-- STD. TIMING, AIR
                                                                   AIR-FUEL RATIO,
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHALST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BHP "HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
760

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
760

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.8
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

17.5
18.4
17.6
16.5
15.4
6.3
2.9
l.C
1.3
l.C
18.0

1.7
3.C
1.2
2.0
9.5
15.6
16.8
18.6
20.2
18.5

105
159
162
175
191
288
322
343
354
380
103

736
693
649
621
507
379
349
310
278
105

FUEL I
FLCfc
LB/HR
4.5
6.6
6.3
7.5
8.2
14.2
18.6
20.3
21.5
22.8
4.2

44.1
40.5
39.6
36.2
25.1
16.3
14.5
11.8
9.7
4.1

GMT I OK
T I HI KG
DEC BTC
5.0
10.0
ie.o
26.0
26.0
8.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
5.0

20.0
20.0
19.0
19.0
25.0
39. C
39.0
39.0
38.0
5.0

CO
PCT
0.01
O.G1
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.03
0.14
0.18
0.22
0.02

0.12
0.08
0.11
0.06
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

HC
PPMC
115
72
db
125
133
57
68
87
115
125
75

20
19
11
16
47
69
60
49
47
78

NOX
PPM
45
71
86
276
428
441
531
498
814
915
27

1224
1313
546
664
999
843
508
213
135
21

CO
GM/HR
6.7
10.1
10.4
11.2
12.5
18.5
51.8
250.4
326.1
432.9
8.0

451.1
276.5
366.1
193.7
40.5
24.9
23.1
20.6
18.5
7.2

HC
GM/HR
2.7
2.6
3.2
5.0
6.0
3.9
5.3
7.6
10.4
12.0
1.8

3.6
3.2
1.8
2.4
5.8
6.2
5.0
3.6
3.1
2.0

N02
GM/HR
3.5
8.4
10.4
36.9
63.7
99.8
137.8
143.8
244.6
290.5
2.0

727.0
745.1
291.9
334.7
409.4
251.1
140.2
52.1
29.5
1.7

**
                    ==23 MODE CYCLE CCMPGSITE«=
                        BSCO  2.92 GW/BHP-HR
                        BSHC  C.12 GM/8HP-HR
                       BSN02  5.86 GM/BHP-HR
                        BSFC 0.559 LB/8HP-HR
   ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
   EGR WAS PROGRAMMED TO INCREASE LINEARLY KITH
     WITH 5% EGR AT 8% LOAD AND INCREASING TO 7
     PROCEDURE WAS USED FOR 3CTH  SPEEDS  IN THE
     DURING MODES 1, 2, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 21,
                                                  I tG
                                                CYCLE.
                                                AND 22
              ==TEST CONDITIONS'
              BAROMETER 748.5  MMHG
            HUMIDITY   54  GRAINS/LB
   INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE  75F - 77F
          MAX. EXHAUST TEMP.  1445F

E LOAD STARTING
R AT 825? LCAO. THIS
 EGP WAS CUTOFF
 OF THE CYCLE.
                                                                                                   Ul

-------
TABLE K-10 COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NOo 2  SREPLICATE OF TtST IN TABLE K-9J FGR
           ENGINE  NO.  23*-- STO. TIMING* AIR  INJECTION* STANDARD AIR-FUEL RATIOt
           5 TO  T.5% EGRt AND UQP CATALYSTS*
MODE
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*





ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAL-ST FUEL IGNITION
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW FLOW TIMING CO HC NCX CO HC N02
RPM BHP «HG LB/HR LB/HR DEC BTC PCT PPMC PPM GM/HR GM/HR GM/HR
750 C.O 17.7 97 4.0
1200 1.0 16.8 157 6.4
1200 4.1 17.7 163 6.8
1200 9.2 16.7 169 7.2
1200 12.8 15.5 183 8.0
1200 25.7 6.8 275 13.6
1200. 38.5 2.5 318 18.6
1200 42.1 1.0 332 20. C
1200 47.3 1.7 346 21.1
1200 51.4 l.C 368 22.0
750 0.0 18.4 100 4.1

2300 102.3 1.8 736 43.7
2300 94.1 3.C 684 40.2
2300 83.9 1.7 648 37.8
2300 76.7 1.5 622 37.2
2300 51.2 8.7 496 24.9
2300 25.6 15.5 366 15.8
2300 18.4 16.7 339 14.1
2300 8.2 18.6 296 11.4
2300 2.0 20.1 269 9.7
750 0.0 18.4 103 4.1

==23 MODE CYCLE COMPCSITE==
BSCO 2.22 GH/8HP-HR
BSHC 0.11 GM/BHP-HR
BSN02 5.72 GM/BHP-HR
BSFC 0.551 LB/BHP-HR
5.0 0.01 78 21 4.5 1.7 1.4
12.0 0.01 70 38 7.2 2.5 4,3
15.0 0.01 68 68 8.4 2.6 8.5
25.0 0.01 130 212 8.5 5.0 26.9
26.5 0.01 155 413 9.3 6.5 57.8
9.0 0.01 53 402 14..0 3.4 84.6
9.0 0.05 67 433 78.8 5.0 107.4
10. 0 0.12 75 564 191.4 6.0 149.4
10.0 0.13 100 855 219.7 8.3 236.3
10.0 0.15 100 1013 274.0 8.8 296.8
5.0 0.01 58 24 5.1 1.3 1.7

20.0 0.10 28 1484 336.3 4.9 853.6
20.0 0.07 21 1497 219.1 3.3 787.3
20.0 0.05 17 777 162.8 2.6 397.3
20,0 0.07 12 542 225.0 1.8 273.3
24.0 0.01 43 977 26.0 5.1 386.3
39.0 0.01 72 845 14.2 6.2 239.7
38.0 0.01 63 203 13.3 5.0 53.7
38.0 0.01 52 205 10.3 3.6 46.8
38.0 0.01 50 123 9.5 3.1 25.5
5.0 0.01 65 23 3*6 1.6 1.8

-=TEST CCNDITIONS==
BAROMETER 746.8 MHHG
HUMIDITY 54 GRAINS/LB
INLET AIR TEMP. RANGE 73F - 77F
MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1436F
* ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
** EGR WAS PROGRAMMED TO INCREASE LINEARLY WITH



WITH 5$ EGR AT 8? LOAD AND INCREASING TC 7
PROCEDURE WAS USED FOR BOTH SPEEDS IN THE
DURING MODES 1, 2, 9, 1C, 11, 13, 14, 21,
ENGINE LCAD STARTING
.5* EGR AT 82-? LOAD. THIS
CYCLE. EGR WAS CUTOFF
AND 22 CF THE CYCLE.
                                                                                                     NO
                                                                                                     t-1
                                                                                                     ON

-------
TABLE K-ll  COMBINATION OF PARAMETERS NC. 3 FOR ENGINE NO. 23**-- TIMING RETARDED
            5  DEGREES.  AIR INJECTION (AIR PUMP/ENGINE SPEEO RATIO * 2.5), STANDARD
            AIR-FUEL  RATIO. 5 10 7.5* EGR. AND UOP CATALYSTS.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POKER VACUUM FLGb
MODE RPM 8HP "HG L8/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
750
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
780

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
750

0.0
1.0
4.1
9.2
12.8
25.7
38.5
42.1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

17.5
18.4
17.6
16.4
14.8
5,0
1.1
1.0
1.0
l.G
17.9

1.6
2.6
1.6
1.3
9.C
15.8
16.8
18.7
20.0
18. C

99
156
157
177
192
295
350
369
387
400
103

760
754
686
665
525
363
338
298
268
102

FUEL IGNITION
FLO* TIMING
LB/HR DEC BTC
4.4
6.7
6.8
7.8
8.8
16.2
20.9
22.1
23.3
24.1
4.4

48.2
44.7
42.0
41.5
27.8
16.7
14.9
12.1
10.2
4.3

0.0
6.0
17.0
24.0
24.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
0.0

16.0
16.0
16.0
16.0
21.0
35.0
35.0
35.0
35.0
0.0

CO
PCT
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.02
0.02
0.10
0.15
0.15
0.11
0.01

0.17
0.05
0.08
0.14
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

HC
PPMC
77
34
72
121
125
42
63
80
100
19
59

125
12
8
40
29
55
45
42
40
60

NOX
PPK
29
54
70
199
263
265
362
510
936
926
28

734
1309
605
366
934
781
529
221
133
30

CO
GM/HR
6.7
10.4
10. '6
13.1
14.2
25.7
157.8
249.9
260.5
206.1
5.1

610.1
186.0
270.0
418.4
26.6
14.0
13.1
11.6
10.5
4.9

HC
GM/HR
1.7
1.2
2.6
4.7
5.3
2.7
4.9
6.7
8.7
1.7
1.3

22.0
2.0
1.3
6.1
3.5
4,6
3.5
2.9
2.5
1.4

N02
GM/HR
2.0
6.1
8.1
25.9
40.0
56.5
97.8
140.9
270.6
276.0
2.0

429.1
728.5
315.7
185.3
377.8
219.1
137.5
51.0
27.4
2.3

*
**
                 ==23 MODE CYCLE COMPOSITE"
                     BSCO  3.24 GM/BHP-HR
                     BSHC  0.12 GM/BHP-HR
                    BSN02  4.91 GM/BHP-HR
                     BSFC 0.608 LB/BHP-HR
ENGINE NOT TESTED IN MOTORED MODES
EGR MAS PROGRAMMED TO INCREASE LINEARLY  KITH  ENGINE
  WITH 5% EGR AT 8* LOAD AND INCREASING  TO  7.5*  EGR
  PROCEDURE WAS USED FOR BOTH SPEEDS IN  THE CYCLE.
  DURING MODES 1, 2. 9, 10. 11, 13. 14,  21, AND  22
                                                         INLET
     ==TEST CONDITIONS"
     BAROMETER 745.2 MMHG
   HUMIDITY  54 GRAINS/LB
AIR TEMP. RANGE 74F -  79F
 HAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1541F
                                                        LCAC STARTING
                                                        AT 82% LOAD. THIS
                                                       EGR fcAS CUTOFF
                                                       GF THE CYCLE.

-------
TABLE K-12 COMBINATION OF  PARAMETERS NC.  3 (REPLICATE OF  TEST  IN  TABLE K-ll) FOR
           ENGINE NO. 23**--  TIMING  RETARDED 5 DEGREES, AIR  INJECTION,  STANDARD
           AIR-FUEL RATIO,  5 TO 7.53 EGR, AND UCP CATALYSTS.
ENGINE OBSERVED MANIFOLD EXHAUST
SPEED POWER VACUUM FLOW
MODE RPM BHP «HG LB/HR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12*
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23*
760
1200
1200
1200
1200
X1200
1200
1200
1200
1200
780

2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
2300
790

0.0
1.0
4. 1
9.2
12.8
25.7
38.5
42. 1
47.3
51.4
0.0

102.3
94.1
83.9
76.7
51.2
25.6
18.4
8.2
2.0
0.0

17.3
18.5
18.4
16.9
15.4
6.4
2.1
2.C
1.0
l.C
17.7

1.2
2.3
1.8
2.6
6.7
15.6
17.C
19. C
19.9
18.0

115
175
191
196
2C4
328
342
354
367
389
118

842
726
700
660
541
379
348
303
279
106

FUEL I
FLOW
LB/HR
4.5
6.6
7.2
7.7
8.3
15.8
20.3
21.4
22.1
23.5
4.5

46.6
43.6
42.5
39.3
27.9
17.2
15.3
12.1
10.6
4.4

GMTION
TIMING CO
DEC ETC PCT
0.0
8.0
21.0
24.5
24.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
0.0

15.0
15.0
15.0
15.0
20.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
34.0
0.0

0.02
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.02
0.08
0.17
0.20
0.18
0.02

0.13
0.06
0.08
0.05
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01
0.01

HC
PPMC
90
46
87
125
135
49
67
87
95
100
50

125
58
10
10
25
55
49
41
36
50

NCX
PPM
30
54
93
249
369
441
430
612
598
572
23

871
1270
792
737
870
863
591
256
154
43

CC
GM/HR
9.6
12.9
14.2
14.5
15.2
28.6
168.6
359.4
423.6
400.6
10.0

453.3
199.3
263.5
166.0
24.7
14.3
13.1
11.5
10.5
4.0

HC
GM/HR
2.6
2.0
4.2
6.1
6.9
4.3
6.7
9.0
10.1
11.2
1.5

21.3
9.6
1.6
1.5
3.1
. 4.7
3.9
2.8
2.2
1.2

NO 2
GM/HR
2.7
7.6
14.6
40.7
62.7
127.8
142.7
210.8
211.3
212.6
2.3

493.1
700.2
428.4
372.1
358.7
246.5
154.2
57.9
31.6
3.3

                    ==23  MODE  CYCLE  COMPOSITE —
                        BSCO   2.69 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSHC   0.15 GM/BHP-HR
                       8SN02   5.92 GM/8HP-HR
                        BSFC 0.599 L8/BHP-HR
*  ENGINE NOT TESTED  IN MOTORED  HCDES
** EGR WAS PROGRAMMED TO  INCREASE LIfcEARLY KITH
     WITH 5% EGR AT 8$ LOAD AND  INCREASING TG 7,
     PROCEDURE WAS USED FOR BOTH SPEEDS  IN THE
     DURING MODES 1,  2, S, 1C, lit 13,  14, 21,
                     *=TEST CONDITIONS-*
                     BAROMETER 743.5 MMHG
                   HUMIDITY  55 GRAINS/LB
         INLET  AIR TEMP. RANGE 75F -  80F
                 MAX. EXHAUST TEMP. 1527F
 ENGINE LCAD STARTING
 5* EGR AT 82%  LCAD.  THIS
CYCLE. EGR feAS  CUTOFF
AND 22 CF THE CYCLE.
                                                                                                    ISS
                                                                                                    !-•
                                                                                                    00

-------
                                   TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
                            (Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
 1. REPORT NO.
  APTD-1513
                                                           3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO
                                                            PB-219 052
 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
  Characterization and Control of
  Duty Diesel  and  Gasoline Fueled
                                  ^missions from  Heavy
                                  :ngines
                                                          5. REPORT DATE
                                                            December 1972
           6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
 7. AUTHOR(S)
                                                           8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO
 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
  Bureau of Mines
  Fuels Combustion Research Group
  Bartlesville  Energy Research Center
                                                           10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
                                                          11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
                                                            Intergency Agreement
                                                            EPA-IAG-0129 (D)
 12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
  ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION AGENCY
  Mobile Source  Pollution Control Program
  Characterization and Control Development Branch
  Ann Arbon,  Michigan  48105
                                                          13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
                                                            Final
                                                          14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
 15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
 16. ABSTRACT
  The  report covers results from experimental  work 1n measurement of emissions  from
  heavy  duty diesel and gasoline fueled engines  and an investigation of the  effective-
  ness of  engine modifications and/or auxiliary  devices for reducing emissions.   Defi-
  nitive engineering information was obtained  on the characteristics of seven diesel
  and  two  gasoline engines:  the diesel engines  were operated on a 13-mode procedure
  and  a  23-mode procedure; the gasoline engines  were operated on a 9-mpde procedure
  and  a  23-mode procedure for the baseline  tests and the 23-mpde procedure was  used in
  the  parametric study for the diesel engines, the control  parameters, engine
  modification, and auxiliary devices investigated for emission control were: inject-
  ion  timing; injector type; fuel pump and  nozzle modifications; exhaust gas re-
  circulation (EGR); aftercooling; turbocharging; and oxidation type catalytic  con-
  verters  for the gasoline engines, the control  parameters, engine modifications, and
  auxiliary devices studied were: manifold  air injection; air-fuel ratio exhaust  gas
  recirculation; spark timing schedules;  and oxidation type catalytic converters.
  The  report describes the test equipment and  fuels, and outlines the experimental
  procedures for analysis and measurement.  The  experimental results are presented
  in detail.
 7.
                                KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
                  DESCRIPTORS
                                             b.lDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS  C. COSATI Field/Group
  Air  pollution
  Emission
  Measurement
  Sampling
  Diesel  engines
  Engines
  Exhaust emissions
                      Odors
                      Smoke
                      Aldehydes
                      Catalytic converters
                      Fuel injectors
                      Circulation
                      Carbon monoxide
Heavy duty diesel  engin
Engine modifications
Air pollution  control
Turbocharging
13B
                       Hydrocarbons
                       Nitrogen oxides
8. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
                                             19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport)
                                               Unclassified
                        21. NO. OF PAGES
                           234
   Unlimited
                                             20. SECURITY CLASS (This page)
SECURITY CLASS/
Unclassified
                                                                       22. PRICE
                                                                         $3.00
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)

-------
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        To be published in, Supersedes, Supplements, etc.

    US.  ABSTRACT
        Include a brief ^200 words or less) factual summary of the most significant information contained in the report. If the report contains a
        significant bibliography or literature survey, mention it here.

    17.  KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
        (a) DESCRIPTORS - Select from the Thesaurus of Engineering and Scientific Terms the proper authorized terms that identify the major
        concept of the research and are sufficiently specific and precise to be used as index entries for cataloging.

        (b) IDENTIFIERS AND OPEN-ENDED TERMS - Use identifiers for project names, code names, equipment designators, etc. Use open-
        ended terms written in descriptor form for those subjects for which no descriptor exists.

        (c) COSATI FIELD GROUP - Field and group assignments are to be taken from the 1965 COSATI Subject Category List. Since the ma-
        jority of documents are multidisciplinary in nature, the Primary Field/Group assignment(s) will be specific discipline, area of human
        endeavor, or type of physical object. The application(s) will be cross-referenced with secondary Field/Group assignments that will follow
        the primary posting(s).

    18.  DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
        Denote releasability to the public or limitation for reasons other than security for example "Release Unlimited." Cite any availability to
        the public, with address and price. /

    19. &20. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION
        DO NOT submit classified reports to the National Technical Information service.

    21.  NUMBER OF PAGES
        Insert the total number of pages, including this one and unnumbered pages, but exclude distribution list, if any.

    22.  PRICE
        Insert the price set by the National Technical Information Service or the Government Printing Office, if known.
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73) (Reverse)

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