xvEPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Pesticides and
Toxic Substances
Washington, DC 20460
EPA 560/7-81-014
July 1981
Toxic Substances
Environmental and
Health Aspects of
Tetrachloroethylene
A Comprehensive
Bibliography of Published
Literature
1930- 1981
-------
vvEPA
OTS-TIC REPORT FILE
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Office of Pesticides and
Toxic Substances
Washington, DC 20460
EPA 68-01-6021 Rapt A
July 1981
Toxic Substances
Environmental and
Health Aspects of
Tetrachloroethylene
A Comprehensive
Bibliography of Published
Literature
1930- 1981
-------
50272-101
REPORT DOCUMENTATION ,i-_RETORT NO.
i FPA 560/7-81-014
4. Title and Subtitle
Environmental and Health Aspects of
Tetrachloroethylene, A comprehensive Bibliography of
Published Literature 1930-1981
7. Author(s)
3. Recipient's Accession No.
5. Report Date prepared
June 1981
6.
8. Performing Organization Rept. No.
9. Performing Organization Name and Address
Tracer Jitco, Inc.
1776 East Jefferson Street
Rockville, Maryland 20852
I 10. Project/Task/Work Unit No.
I ^Technical Directive 4
11. ComracUC) or Gr«nt(G) No.
to 68*-01-5836
(G)
12- Sponsoring Organization Name and Address
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticides and
Toxic Substances, Management Support Division.. 401 M St., SW
Washington, D.C. 20460
13. Type of Report A Period Covered
Final Report
1930-1981
14.
15. Supplementary Notes
16. Ab»tr»ct (Limit: 200 words)
This document is a bibliography of published citations
on health and environmental aspects of Tetrachloroethylene
(Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number 127-17-4) for
the period of 1930-1981. The citations have been selected
from a thorough literature search, and broadly classified
as having primarily environmental or biological emphasis.
The sources used in the search are identified, and for the
portion performed on line, the search strategies are also
included.
17. Document Analysis a. Descriptors
Bibliographies; Literature Surveys; Environments; Public Health Pollution;
Toxicology.
b. Identifiers/Open-Ended Terms
Literature Search; Literature Review; Health Effects; Environmental Effects;
1,1,2 Trichloroethane; 79-00-5
c. COSATI Field/Group
18. Availability Statement
19. Security Class (This Report)
Unclassified
Release unlimited
| 2O. Security Class (This Page)
' Unclassified
21. No. of Pages
22. Price
I
(See ANSI-239.181
See fnsfructions on Reverse
OPTIONAL FORM 272 (*-77)
(Formerly NTIS-35)
Department of Commerce
-------
EPA Report No. 560/7-81-014
July 1981
ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH
ASPECTS OF TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
A Comprehensive Bibliography
of Published Literature
1930 - 1981
by
Management Support Division
Information Support Services Branch
Office of Toxic Substances
Washington, D.C. 20460
68-06-5836
Project Officers
Michael Weaver, Delores Evans
Management Support Division
Office of Toxic Substances
Washington, D.C. 20460
OFFICE OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20026
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Preface
This bibliography was created from a literature search performed under
the auspices of the Management Support Division, Information Support Services
Branch for the Assessment Division, Chemical Review and Evaluation Branch;
both of the Office of Toxic Substances. The search was intended to provide
partial support for the preparation of a Preliminary Risk Assessment on
tetrachloroethylene (127-18-4). This assessment reviews and evaluates the
available significant economic and adverse effects data from both published
and unpublished sources on a substance selected as being potentially hazardous
to human health or the environment.
The subject coverage of the assessment is broader than this bibliography
which includes only published environmental and biological information. The
bibliography does not include all information available to the review branch.
Although it is not an authoritative source list for Preliminary Risk
Assessments, it does represent a comprehensive and systematic search of the
literature and subsequent selection of citations that pertain to health and
the environment. The limits of the search are fully described in this
document and its appendices.
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Introduction
1. The Search
This bibliography is a compilation of citations retrieved during a
thorough review of the national and international literature on
tetrachloroethylene (Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number 127-18-4)
cited between 1930 and April 1980.
The supporting search was performed at the request of the Assessment
Division/Chemical Review and Evaluation Branch by the Management Support
Division/Information Support Services Branch, within the Office of Toxic
Substances.
1.1. Scope
To insure that the search was comprehensive, a variety of sources were
examined, including the following:
o On-line databases from major vendors of bibliographic information.
o On-line databases from various agencies of the United States
Government.
o Manually searched national and international indices and abstract
collections of scientific literature.
o Reference sections of major review articles, criteria documents,
monographs, and reports.
o Selected handbooks.
(A complete listing of sources consulted can be found in Appendices I
and II).
The emphasis of this bibliography is on the primary literature except
for the handbook information presented in Section II and a few secondary
sources selected because they contain unique or well-summarized information on
the chemical.
Subsequent to the main search, which was completed in April 1980, and
using the same strategy, update searches were performed during the period from
April 1980 to May 1981 on all the on-line databases initially searched. In
addition, the April 1981 and May 1981 issues of Current Contents (Life
Sciences, Agriculture, Biology, and Environmental Sciences series) were
screened to retrieve citations which may not have been entered into the
on-line files at the time of the final update searches.
11
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Because the overall requirement of the search request for this project
was broader than the health and environmental aspects of the chemical, a wider
range of databases was searched than might normally be expected for this
bibliography. However, only health and environmental aspects were selected
regardless of the data source examined. The total complement of databases
searched is listed in the appendices for the user's reference.
1.2. Strategy
The search requirement demanded high recall of information dealing with
tetrachloroethylene; precision was a secondary consideration. EPA decided to
retrieve all citations that contained the term tetrachloroethylene or its
synonyms in any searchable fields and to select relevant citations by a manual
screen. The Chemical Abstract Service registry number (CAS RN) and systematic
names and synonyms that could be identified from CHEMLINE (National Library of
Medicine); CHEMDEX (System Development Corporation); CHEMNAME, CHEMSEARCH, and
CHEMSIS (Lockheed Information System); SANSS (NIH/EPA Chemical Information
System); and RTECS (NIOSH Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances)
were used in the search on databases. For on-line searching, the names were
divided into significant fragments and entered according to the conventions of
the individual databases.
Chemical terms used in this search were as follows:
CAS RN: 127-18-4
C2-C14 (MF)
ethylene, tetrachloro- (SCI)
ethene, tetrachloro- (9CI)
Ankilostin
Didakene
Ethylene Tetrachloride
Nema (VAN)
Perchloroethylene
Persec
Tetracap
tetrachloroethylene
1,1,2,2-te trachloroethylene
tetrachlorethylene
perchlorethylene
tetrachloroethene
Antisal 1
Tetraguer
Fedal-un
Tetraleno
Tetropil
Perclene
Tetlen
No additional modifiers or keywords were used to limit information
retrieved in any database for this chemical because comprehensive retrieval
was desired. Complete search strategies are listed in Appendix II.
111
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Use/application categories were not used as search terms because EPA
decided to select only terms that specifically mentioned the chemical or its
synonyms. Indexing policy, keyword entry, and abstracting techniques usually
assure retrieval of specific information on individual chemicals if they are
discussed significantly in general articles or reviews. The user can be
assured, therefore, that each citation listed in this bibliography contains
substantive information on the subject chemical.
Manual sources, indices, and abstract collections usually employ their
own unique indexing schemes for chemical information, so it is difficult to
describe a standard search strategy for these information tools. However, in
all cases, the most specific indexing terms available in the source were used
to identify citations on the subject chemical.
1.3. Selection of Citations
Citations were selected for inclusion in this bibliography based on
their relevance to the following topics:
o Toxicity — Adverse and toxic effects on any biological systems,
structural and functional changes in organs and tissues of all
vertebrate and invertebrate species, test methods used for
determination of toxicity, and bioassay studies.
o Physiology — Absorption, distribution, transport, metabolism, and
elimination in all species; techniques for measurement of tissue and
organ residues; interactions with endogenous substances.
o Epidemiology — Exposure data, morbidity, and mortality rates for
general and occupational populations.
o Environmental Significance — Environmental distribution in air,
soil, and water; sources of pollution; ecological effects on
microorganisms, insects, plants, and wildlife; biodegradation and
bioconcentration; analytical techniques for sampling and measurement
in the environment.
o Safety, Control, and Regulations — Disposal hazards; Federal, local,
and international controls, recommendations, and regulations.
These are the broad specifications for inclusion in this bibliography.
Because any literature selection process involves subjectivity and judgement,
precise definitions are difficult. The general guiding requirement for
inclusion is that citations must pertain to the biological or environmental
aspects of the chemical.
The following information is not included in this bibliography:
news items; brief announcements and Federal Register notices; reports
of on-going research which have not yet been published or any other
unpublished information; draft reports; and private communications.
IV
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2. Organization of Bibliography
This bibliography is organized into three major sections.
2.1. Section Titles
Section I — Handbook information
Section II — Citations from the primary literature
Section III — Appendices listing specific sources used and exact
search strategies employed
2.2. Citation Format
In Section II citations from on-line and manually searched abstract
collections are arranged alphabetically by author.
Personal names are entered with the last name first followed by the
first two initials. Second and third authors' names are separated from the
first author and each other by a semicolon. Up to three personal names are
used; if there are more than three authors, the remaining are listed as
"et al."
If an author has written more than one article, citations are arranged
in ascending chronological order. If authors and date are identical,
citations are arranged alphabetically by title of the article. Single author
entries are listed first, followed by two, then three author entries.
Patents are arranged alphabetically by assignee name.
All government publications are listed by the sponsoring government
agency. Government or corporate names are written in full form. No acronyms
are used. The country of origin is listed first, followed by the
organizational hierarchy of the sponsoring group listed in descending
hierarchical order. If the performing organization or individual author is
known, they are listed on separate lines below the government sponsor.
Example: NIOSH publication:
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Public
Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health
Tracor Jitco, Inc.
Brown, R.A.; Smith S.S.
Corporate documents with no specific author are listed in alphabetical
order according to the first significant word of the organization name.
e.g., DuPont de Nemours, E.I. and Company
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2.3. Literature Cited
The following kinds of literature are cited in this bibliography:
journal articles, government reports, patents, organization and corporate
reports, books, manufacturer's literature, conference proceedings, and
dissertations.
In each case an attempt has been made to supply the user with enough
information so that the hard copy of the document may be easily obtained.
Journal titles are abbreviated according to the style in the Chemical
Abstracts Service Source Index (CASSI), The American Chemical Society,
Columbus, OH, 1980 and its corresponding guide, Bibliographic Guide for
Editors and Authors, The American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1974.
All foreign titles have been translated into English. Foreign language
articles are indicated by the appropriate three letter language abbreviation
in parentheses at the end of the source information.
2.4. Categorization of Citations
In order to make this bibliography a more useful tool for separate user
groups, most citations are marked with the category code E or H.
E = Environmental Aspects, i.e., the major content of the document
pertains to the chemical in the open environment: its distribution,
degradation, environmental chemistry and analysis; effect on
ecosystems; effect on flora and fauna, including laboratory research,
when emphasis is on environmental considerations rather than
prediction of human effects, environmental chemistry, and analysis.
H = Health Aspects, i.e., the major content of the document concerns
known health effects, predictive laboratory research, and animal
studies as relates to human health effects, human exposure, and
epidemiological studies.
A decision was made based on the abstract, and in some cases the entire
document, to categorize according to what appeared to be the major purpose of
the study. In a few cases neither category applies. Those citations were
left unclassified.
VI
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HANDBOOK
AND
DATABANK
INFORMATION
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3. Handbook and Databank Information
3.1. Summary Databanks for Health Effects Data (Information found)
United States. Department of Health and Human
Services. Public Health Service. Center for Disease yes
Control. National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health
Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances.
Cincinnati, OH: NIOSH, 1980
United States. Department of Health and Human
Services. Public Health Service. National
Institutes of Health. National Library of Medicine yes
Toxicology Data Bank.
Bethesda, MD 1980
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3.2. Handbooks Searched for Health Effects
Source
Browning, E.
Toxicity and Metabolism of Industrial Solvents.
New York: Elsevier Publishing Co., 1963
Location of Information
pp. 213-9
Browning, E.
Toxicity of Industrial Metals.
New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1969
No pertinent
information
found
Dittmer, D.S., Editor
Handbook of Toxicology, V. - Fungicides.
Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company, 1959
pp. 76-7
Fishbein, L.
Potenial Industrial Carcinogens and Mutagens.
New York: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., 1979
pp. 187-9,
193, 245
Fishbein, L.; Flamn, W.6.; Falk, H.L.
Chemical Mutagens.
New York: Academic Press, 1970
No pertinent
information
found
Goodman, L.S.; Oilman, A., Editors
The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics.
New York: Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc., 1975
pp. 1026, 1646
Patty, F.A., Editor
Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology.
New York: Interscience Publishers, 1963
pp. 1314-7
Plunkett, E.R.
Handbook of Industrial Toxicology.
New York: Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., 1976
pp. 394-5
Sax, N.I.
Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials.
New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1979
p. 892
Searle, C.E., Editor
Chemical Carcinogens.
Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1976
No pertinent
information
found
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3.2. Handbooks Searched for Health Effects (cont'd)
Source
Shepard, T.H.
Catalog of Teratogenic Agents.
Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University
Press, 1976
Location of Information
No pertinent
information
found
Spector, W.S., Editor
Handbook of Toxicology, V. I. - Acute Toxicities.
Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company, 1956
p. 350
Spector, W.S., Editor
Handbook of Toxicology, V. II. - Antibiotics.
Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1957
No pertinent
information
found
Spector, W.S., Editor
Handbook of Toxicology, V. III. - Insecticides.
Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 1959
pp. 736-8
Sunshine, I., Editor
CRC Handbook Series in Analytical Toxicology.
Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, Inc., 1979
pp. 660-1
United Nations. International Agency for Research on
Cancer
IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic
Risk of Chemicals to Humans.
Lyon, France: IARC
Vol. 20,
pp. 491-505
United States. Department of Health and Human
Services. Public Health Service. Center for
Disease Control. National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health
NIOSH Criteria Documents.
Cincinnati, OH: NIOSH
pp. 76-185
United States. Department of Health and Human
Services. Public Health Service. National Institutes
of Health. National Cancer Institute
NCI Carcinogens Bioassay Reports.
Springfield, VA: National Technical Information
Service
Entire document
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3.2. Handbooks Searched for Health Effects (cont'd)
Source Location of Information
United States. Department of Health and Human Suppl. I,
Services. Public Health Service. National Institutes p. 221
of Health. National Cancer Institute
Survey of Compounds Which Have Been Tested for
Carcinogenic Activity.
Bethesda, MD: NCI, 1978
United States. Environmental Protection Agency p. 211
EPA Publications Bibliography.
Washington, DC, EPA (1979)
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3.3. Handbooks Searched for Environmental Effects
Source
Applegate, V.C.; Howe11, J.H.; Hall, A.E.; et al.
Toxicity of 4,346 Chemicals to Larval Lampreys' and
Fishes: Special Scientific Report.
Fisheries No. 207, Washington, DC, 1957
Location of Information
No pertinent
information
found
McKee, J.E.; Wolf, H.W., Editors
Water Quality Criteria, 2nd Edition.
California State Water Resources Control Board, 1963
No pertinent
information
found
Ryckman, D.W.; Prabhakara Rao, A.V.S.; Buzzel, J.C.
Behavior of Organic Chemicals in the Aquatic
Environment.
Washington, DC: Manufacturing Chemists' Association,
1966
No pertinent
information
found
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Review of the Environmental Fate of Selected Chemicals.
Springfield, VA: National Technical Information
Service, 1977
No pertinent
information
found
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Review of the Environmental Fate of 129 Priority
Pollutants.
Springfield, VA: National Technical Information
Service, 1977
Chap. 53
Verschueren, K.
Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals.
New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1977
pp. 580-2
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3.4. Handbooks Searched for Physical and Chemical Properties
Source
Aldrich Chemical Company, Inc.
Aldrich Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals. 1981-2.
Milwaukee, WI: Aldrich Chemical Co., 1980
Location of Information
p. 781
Bennet, H., Editor
Concise Chemical and Technical Dictionary.
New York: Chemical Publishing Co., Inc., 1974
p. 205
Dreisback, R.R.
Physical Properties of Chemical Compounds.
Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1959
p. 411
Grasselli, J.G.; Ritchey, W.M., Editors
CRC Atlas of Spectral Data and Physical Constants
for Organic Compounds.
Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1975
p. 282
Grayson, M., Editor
Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology.
New York: Interscience Publishers, 1979
No pertinent
information
found
Hawley, G.G.
The Condensed Chemical Dictionary.
New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1977
p. 660
Kortum, G.; Vogel, W.
Dissociation Constants of Organic Acids in Aqueous
Solution.
London: Butterworths, 1961
No pertinent
information
found
Leo, A.; Hansch, C.; Elkins, D.
Chemical Reviews.
Claremont, CA: Department of Chemistry, Pomona
College, 1971
No pertinent
information
found
Linke, W.F.
Solubilities of Inorganic and Metal-Organic Compounds.
New York: D. Van Nostrand Co., Vol. I. 1958, Vol. II. 1965
No pertinent
information
found
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3.4. Handbooks Searched for Physical and Chemical Properties (cont'd)
Source
Mark, H.F.; Gaylord, N.G.; Bikales, N.M., Editors
Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology.
New York: Interscience Publishers, 1964
Location of Information
No pertinent
information
found
Perry, R.H.; Chilton, C.H., Editors
Chemical Engineers Handbook.
New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1973
Chap. 3, p. 43
Pollock, J.R.; Stevens, R., Editors
Dictionary of Organic Compounds.
London: Eyre and Spottiswoode Publishers, Ltd., 1965
p. 2967
Stephen, H.; Stephen, T.; Editors
Solubilities of Inorganic and Organic Compounds.
New York: The Macmillan Co., 1963
No pertinent
information
found
Weast, R.C., Editor
CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics.
Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1979
p. 292
Windholz, M., Editor
The Merck Index.
Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1976
p. 1184
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CITATIONS
FROM THE
LITERATURE
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Abedin, Z.; Cook, R.C.; Milberg, R.M.
H Cardiac Toxicity of Perchloroethylene (A Dry-Cleaning Agent).
South. Med. J., 73(8):1081-3 (1980)'
Adams, E.M.; Irish, D.D.; McCollister, D.D.; et al.
H The Comparative Vapor Toxicity of Ethylene Bichloride,
Trichloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene, and Carbon Tetrachloride.
Conference: Annual Meeting of the American Industrial Hygiene
Association. Apr. 27, 1950 (Unpublished Paper)
Akhmetov, F.Sh.; Guseinov, M.M.; Mamedov, D.V.; et al.
E Destructive Oxidative Chlorination of a Mixture of Wastes from
the Production of Allyl Chloride and Epichlorohydrin.
Khim. Prom-st., (12):720-1 (1979) (Rus)
Alani, M.D.
H Studies on the Induction of Allergic Photodermatitis in Newborn
Guinea Pigs.
Acta Allergol., 27(l):50-4 (1972)
Alberti, J.
E Changes in Rhine Water Quality.
Gewaesserschutz, Wasser, Abwasser, 42:243-70 (1980) (Ger)
Alexander, H.C.; McCarty, W.M.; Bartlett, E.A.
E Toxicity of Perchloroethylene, Trichloroethylene,
1,1,1-Trichloroethane, and Methylene Chloride to Fathead Minnows.
Bull. Environ. Contain. Toxicol., 20(3):344-52 (1978)
Allison, S.C.; Doran, M.; John, W.R.; et al.
H Preliminary Investigation of Levels of Airborne Solvents and
Other Conditions Found in Nine Coin Operated Dry Cleaning
Establishments.
Environ. Health, pp. 59-62 (Mar. 1976)
Aluraot, E.; Nachtomi, E.; Mandel, E.; et al.
H Tolerance and Acceptable Daily Intake of Chlorinated Fumigants
in the Rat Diet.
Food Cosmet. Toxicol., 14(2):105-10 (1976)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Hygienic Guide Series.
Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 21:265-71 (1960)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for 1961.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 25(7):II (1961)
11
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American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for 1962.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 26(10):III (1962)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for 1963.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 27(9):VIT (1963)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for 1964.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 28(9) :IV (1964)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for 1965.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 29(9):V (1965)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: .Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for 1966.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 30(9):IV (1966)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for 1967.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 31(9):IV (1967)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for 1968.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 32(9):VII (1968)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for Airborne Contaminants
Adopted by ACGIH for 1969 and Intended Changes.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 33(9):VIII (1969)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for Airborne Contaminants
Adopted by ACGIH for 1970 and Intended Changes.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 34(11):VIII (1970)
12
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American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) for Airborne Contaminants
Adopted by ACGIH for 1971 and Intended Changes.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 35(11):XIII (1971)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Documentation of the Threshold Limit Values for Substances
in Workroom Air, 3rd edition, p. 201-2 Cincinnati, OH: Am.
Conf. Gov. Ind. Hyg? (1971)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values TLVs for Substances in Workroom Air.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 36(10):VIII (1972)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values TLVs for Substances in Workroom Air.
Ind. Hyg. Digest, 37(10):XI (1973)
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
H Perchloroethylene.
In: Threshold Limit Values TLVs for Chemical Substance and
Physical Agents in the Workroom Environment with Intended
Changes for 1979. p. 25
Cincinnati, OH: Am. Conf. Gov. Ind. Hyg. (1979)
American National Standards Institute
H Acceptable Concentrations of Tetrachloroethylene.
U.S.A. Standards Committee on Acceptable Concentrations of Toxic
Dusts and Gases, U.S.A. Standards Institute, New York, Report
No. USAS Z37.22-1967, 8 pp. (1967)
Ananina, T.
H Effect of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons and Fluorinated and Chlorinated
Derivatives on the Content of Nucleic Acids and Animal Tissues
during Embryogenesis.
Tr. Permsk. Cos. Med. Inst., 110:69-71 (1972) (Rus)
Anderson, R.A.; Harland, W.A.
H The Analysis of Volatiles in Blood from Fire Fatalities.
Proceedings: Forensic Toxicol., Proceedings of the European
Meeting of International Association of Forensic Toxicol.,
1979. pp. 279-92 (1980)
Andersson, H.F.; Dahlberg, J.A.; Wettstrom, R.
H Phosgene Formation during Welding in Air Contaminated with
Perchloroethylene.
Ann. Occup. Hyg., 18(2):129-32 (1975)
13
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Andresen, U.; Oertel, S.
E Determination of Tetrachloroethylene in Effluents from Textile
Cleaning and Finishing.
Textileinigung (Leipzig), 26(7):214-5 (1979) (Ger)
Angerer, J.; Haag, A.; Szadkowski, D.; et al.
A New Method for the Analysis of Ultra-micro Constituents of Air.
Z. Klin. Chem. Klin. Biochem., 11(3):133-4 (1973)
Anon.
H Air Pollution - A Hazard for the Present and the Future of
Drycleaning.
Entetrien des Textiles, p. 29 (1975) (Fre)
Anon.
H Aliphatic Chlorinated Hydrocarbons and Occupational Health.
Groups d'Etude des Nuisances Professionelles. Boulogne,
France. 31pp. (1970)
Anon.
H Danger of Cleaning Solvents.
Lancet, 1(7712):1307-8 (June 19, 1971)
Anon.
H The Dangers of "Safe" Solvents.
J. Am. Med. Assoc., 208(8):1484 (1969)
Anon.
H Detection of Leakages of Perchloroethylene in Dry Cleaning
Establishments.
Entretien des Textiles, (4):17 (1969) (Fre)
Anon.
H 'Dry-cleaned' Breast Milk Poisons Baby.
Med. World News, (Feb. 20, 1978)
Anon.
H Editorial; Hazards of Tetrachloroethylene.
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H Actions of Carbon Tetrachloride, Hexachloroethane and the
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H Anaesthesia with Inhalation Anaesthetics.
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•»
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H Solvents for Dry Cleaning and Safety Supervision.
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H Experimental Studies on Ancylostomiasis in Cats. VIII.
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H Analysis by Roach's Theory on Accumulation of Organic Chloride
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H Liver Damage Caused by Hepatotoxic Poisons and Serum
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H So-Called Chemical Asthma.
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H Experiments Concerning the Effect of Chlorinated Methane and
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H Effects of Anthelmintics in Experimental Hymenolepidosis.
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H Theoretical Study of Halogenated Molecules. I. Chloroethylenes.
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H Organics in Drinking Water; Maximum Contaminant Levels As an
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E Observations of Peroxyacetyl Nitrate (PAN) in Air in Southern
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E Conservation of Water and Reduction of Pollution by Use of
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H A Vial-Equilibration Method to Evaluate the Drug Metabolizing
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Tokyo Toritsu Eisei Kenkyusho Kenkyu Nenpo Annu. Rept. Tokyo
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H Species-Differences between Rats and Mice on the Metabolism and
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E Study of Tetrachloroethylene Stability under Conditions for the
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H A Comparative Study of the Relative Efficiency of Pyrantel
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E Synthesis of Perchloroethylene during the Destructive
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H Mechanism of Anthelminitic Action.
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E Reaction of Chlorohydrocarbons IV. Chlorine-sensitized
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United Nations. World Health Organization. International
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H Tetrachloroethylene.
In: Some Halogenated Hydrocarbons.
IARC Monogr., 20:491-514 (Oct. 1979)
United States. Atomic Energy Commission
Duffy, T.L.
E Polarography in the Air Analysis of Halogenated Hydrocarbons.
U.S. Atomic Energy Comm., Report No. (TID-7616):211-21 (1962)
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Standards
Delespaul, I.; Peperstraete, H.; Rymen, I.
E Analysis and Calibration Techniques for Measuring Airborne
Particulates and Gaseous Pollutants.
U.S. NBS Spec. Publ., 464:617-23 (1977)
United States. Department of Defense. Department of the Air
Force
Conkle, J.P.; Lackey, W.W.; Miller, R.L.
H Sampling and Analysis of Contaminated Subsistence Trailers.
U.S.A.F. School of Aerospace Medicine, Aerospace Medical
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24 pp. (Aug. 1974)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service
Gafafer, W.M.
H Prevention and Control of Disease in Industry: Toxic Limits of
Various Substances.
In: Manual of Industrial Hygiene and Medical Service in War
Industries. U.S. Public Health Service. Philadelphia: W.B.
Saunders Co., p. 264, 1943
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service
Von Oettingen, W.F.
H The Halogenated Hydrocarbons - Toxicity and Potential Danger.
U.S. DHEW, PHS, Publ. No. 414, Washington, DC: U.S. Gov't.
Printing Office, 1955
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Alcohol-Drug-Abuse-Mental Health
Administration. National Institute of Drug Abuse
Couri, D.
Preclinical Pharmacology and Toxicology.
Natl. Inst. Drug Abuse Res. Monogr. Ser., 15:98-101 (1977)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Insitute for Occupational Safety and Health
Tuttle, T.C.; Wood, G.D.; Crether, C.B.; et al.
H A Behavioral and Neurological Examination of Dry Cleaners
Exposed to Perchloroethylene.
U.S. NTIS. PB-274794, 88pp. (Jun. 1966)
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United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Hervin, R.L.; Shama, S.K.; Ruhe, R.L.
H Health Hazard Evaluation/Toxicity Determination. Aerosol
Techniques, Inc., Danville, H.
U.S. NTIS, PB-229081/5, 28pp. (Sep. 1972)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Health Hazard Evaluation Report 72-35-34, The Budd Company.
Automative Division, Clinton, MI.
NIOSH Report No. 72-35-34: 33pp. (Mar. 1973)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Eddleston, M.T.; Polakoff, P.L.
H Health Hazard Evaluation, Toxicity Determination, Swiss
Cleansing Co., Providence, Rhode Island.
U.S. NTIS, PB-232742E, (Mar. 1974)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Organic Solvents in Air.
Physical and Chemical Analysis Branch, llpp. (Jul. 15, 1974)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Health and Safety Guide for Laundries and Dry Cleaners.
NIOSH 75-151, 63pp. (1975)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Criteria for a Recommended Standard; Occupational Exposure to
Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene).
U.S. NTIS, PB-266583, (Jul. 1976)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Health Hazard Evaluation Determination Report 1-76,
Consolidated Coal Company, Blacksville No. 2.
Blacksville, WV: 3pp. (Jul. 1976)
117
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United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Chrostek, W.J.; Meyer, C.
H Health Hazard Evaluation/Toxicity Determination at W.R. Case and
Sons Cutlery Co., Bradford, Pennsylvania.
U.S. NTIS, PB-269143, 15pp. (1976)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
Stanford Research Institute
H NIOSH Analysis Methods for Set J.
U.S. NTIS, PB-263959, 128pp. (Dec. 1976)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H A Behavioral and Neurological Evaluation of Dry Cleaners Exposed
to Perchloroethylene.
DHEW (NIOSH) Pub. No. 77-214, 79pp. (Jun. 1977)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Stewart, R.D.; Hake, C.L.; Wu, A.; et al.
H Effects of Perchloroethylene/Drug Interaction on Behavior and
Neurological Function.
U.S. DHEW (NIOSH) Pub., 77-191, 145pp. (Apr. 1977)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Hervin, R.L.; Stroman, R.; Belanger, P.; et al.
H Health Hazard Evaluation Determination Report 77-63-449 on
McDonnel Aircraft Co., St. Louis, Missouri.
U.S. NTIS, PB-278058, 29pp. (1977)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Investigation of a Possible Health Hazard due to Exposure to
Tetrachloroethylene.
Clinchfield Coal Company - Central Laboratory, Dante, VA :18pp.
(Nov. 1977)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Occupational Diseases; A Guide to Their Recognition.
DHEW (NIOSH) Pub. No. 77-81, pp. 213-4, 461 (Jun. 1977)
118
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United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Dinkel, M.E.
H One Hour Martinizing.
Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations, and Field Studies,
NIOSH, Cincinnatti, OH
U.S. NTIS, PB-278799, 10pp. (1977)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Piotrowski, J.K.
Tetrachloroethylene.
In: Exposure Tests for Organic Compounds in Industrial
Toxicology.
U.S. NTIS, PB-274767, pp. 98-101 (Sep. 1977)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Tetrachloroethylene.
In: NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, 2nd ed., Part II,
Standards Completion Program Validated Methods, Vol. 3, Method
No. S335.
Washington DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, pp.
(S335-l)-(S335-9) (1977)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Current Intelligence Bulletin 20; Tetrachloroethylene
(Perchloroethylene).
DHEW (NIOSH) Pub., 78-112, U.S. NTIS, PB-278055, 14pp. (1978)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Health Evaluation and Technical Assistance Report No. TA 78-33
William T. Burnett Co., Baltimore, MD.
NIOSH Report No. TA 78-33: 26pp. (Nov. 1978)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Health Hazard Evaluation Determination Report No. 77-38-504,
Western Electric Company, Mesquite, TX.
NIOSH Report No. 77-38-504: 13pp. (Jul. 1978)
119
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United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H NIOSH Proposes to Update Information and Requests New Data for
Criteria Documents on Tetrachloroethylene and 10 Other
Substances.
Fed. Regist., 43(138):30898 (Jul. 18, 1978)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Tetrachloroethylene.
In: National Occupational Health Survey, Vol. Ill - Survey
Analysis and Supplemental Tables.
DREW (NIOSH) Pub. 78-114 U.S. GPO:757-141/6762, 792pp. (1978)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Chrostek, W.J.
H Hazard Evaluation (of Printing Branch of Federal Communcations
Commission, Washington, D.C.) and Technical Assistance Report
No. TA 79-7.
U.S. NTIS, PB-80-153703, 9pp. (Jun. 1979)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Gunter, B.J.; Lybarger, J.A.
H Health Hazard Evaluation Determination Report No. 78-95-596,
Jones Brothers Taxidermy Co., Denver, Colorado.
Hazard Evaluation and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH Report
No. 78-95-596, 44pp. (May 1979)
*United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
White, G.L.
H Health Hazard Evaluation Determination Report No.
HHE-79-22-591, Inland Division of General Motors, Dayton, Ohio.
NIOSH, Report No. HHE 79-22-591, 9pp. (May 1979)
United States. Department of Health Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Industrial Hygiene Report; Perchloroethylene at B and B
Cleaners, Chicago, Illinois on July 17, 1979.
NIOSH Report No. IHS-71-40; 14pp. (Jul 1979)
120
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United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Mining Health Hazard Evaluation 79-101-105 Weld Shop.
Division of Respiratory Disease Studies, Morgantown, WV, 9pp.
(Sep. 1979)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. SRI International
Kaplan, S.D.
H Dry Cleaners Workers Exposed to Perchloroethylene; A
Retrospective Cohort Mortality Study.
NIOSH, Biometry Section, Cincinnati, OH (Aug. 1980)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
H Health Hazard Evaluation Determination Report HE 78-111-588,
Western Electric Co., Denver, Colorado.
U.S. NTIS, PB 80-167117, llpp. (Jan. 1980)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National
Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
H Health Hazard Evaluation Determination Report HE 79-74-653, Star
Dust Hotel, Las Vegas, Nevada.
U.S. NTIS, PB 80-163173, 13pp. (Jan. 1980)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Food and Drug Administration
Healton, D.C.
H Infrared Analysis of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Drugs.
J. Assoc. Offie. Agr. Chemists, 45(3):616-20 (1962)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. Food and Drug Administration
Healton, D.C.
H Collaborative Study of an Infrared Spectrophotometric Assay for
Some Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Drugs.
J. Assoc. Office Agr. Chemists, 46(4):652-4 (1963)
United States. Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Public Health Service. National Institutes of Health. National
Cancer Institute
H Bioassay of Tetrachloroethylene for Possible Carcinogenicity.
U.S. NTIS, PB-272940, 92pp. (Aug. 1977)
121
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United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Public
Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National Institute
for Occupational Safety and Health
Peter, D.; Edelbrock, D.
H Health Hazard Evaluation Determination Report HE 79-42-685,
Motion Picture Screen Cartoonists Local 841, 25 West 43rd
Street, New York, New York 10036.
Health Hazard and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH,
Cincinnati, OH, Report No. 79-42-685, 13pp. (Apr. 1980)
United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Public
Health Service. Center for Disease Control. National Institute
for Occupational Safety and Health
Arenholz, S.H.
H Health Hazard Evaluation Determination Report HE 80-18-691,
Looart Press Incorporated, Colorado Springs, Colorado.
Health Hazard and Technical Assistance Branch, NIOSH,
Cincinnati, OH, Report No. 80-18-691, 17pp. (May 1980)
United States. Department of Labor. Occupational Safety and
Health Administration
H Ethylene Dichloride, Methylchloroform, Tetrachloroethylene,
1,1,2-Trichloroethane, Set J (Part 2).
U.S. NTIS, PB-267223, 52pp. (1975)
United States. Department of Labor. Occupational Safety and
Health Administration
Thomas, P.
H Exposure to Tetrachloroethylene in San Francisco Bay Area Dry
Cleaning Plants.
OSHA Report (1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency.
Callahan, M.A.; Slimak, M.W.; Gabel, N.W.; et al.
E Halogenated Aliphatic Hydrocarbons, Halogenated Ethers,
Monocyclic Aromatics, Phthalate Esters, Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbons, Nitrosamines, Miscellaneous Compounds.
In: Water-Related Environmental Fate of 129 Priority
Pollutants. Vol. II
Office Of Water Planning and Standards, EPA Report No.
440/4-79-0296
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Shamel, R.E.; O'Neill, J.K.;. Williams, R.; et al.
E Preliminary Economic Impact Assessment of Possible Regulatory
Action to Conceal Atmospheric Emissions of Selected Hydrocarbons.
EPA Report No. 450/3-75-073
122
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United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Kover, F.D.
E Preliminary Study of Selected Potential Environmental
Contaminants. Optical Brighteners, Methyl Chloroform,
Trichloroethylene, Tetrachloroethylene, and Ion Exchange Resins.
EPA Report No. 560/2-75/002, Prepared for OTS
U.S. NTIS, PB-243910, 295pp. (1975)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
E Report on the Problem of Halogenated Air Pollutants and
Stratospheric Ozone.
U.S. NTIS, N76-21783, 65pp. (Dec. 1975)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Fuller, B.B.
E Air Pollution Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene.
U.S. NTIS, PB-256731, 99pp. (Feb. 1976)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Scheil, G.W.; Merrifield, T.
E Air Pollution Emission Test.
Office of Air and Waste Management. EPA Report No. 76-DRY-3
(Jun. 25, 1976)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
McCoy, B.
E Study to Support New Source Performance Standards for the Dry
Cleaning Industry. Final Report.
E.P.A. Report No. 450/3-76-029 (May 1976)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Scott Environmental Technology, Inc., Plumsteadville, Pa.
E A Survey of Perchloroethylene Emissions from a Dry Cleaning
Plant.
E.P.A. Report No. 76-DRY-l: 27pp. (Mar. 1976)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Scheil, G. W.
E Test of Industrial Dry Cleaning Operation at Texas Industrial
Services, San Antonio, Texas, Midwest Research Institute.
E.P.A. Report No. 76-DRY-2, 69pp. (1976)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Monsanto Research Corporation
Ermutis, E.G.; Quill, R.P.
E Source Assessment; Noncriteria Pollutant Emissions.
E.P.A. Report No. 600/2-77-107 (Jul. 1977)
123
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United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Crane, A.M.; Freeman, A.E.
H Water-Softening and Conditioning Equipment; A Potential Source
of Water Contamination.
Environmental Research Lab., Johns Island, SC, E.P.A. Report
No. 600/3-77/107, Final Report: Aug. 28, 1976/Aug. 27, 1977
U.S. NTIS, PB 274083, 19pp. (1977)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
H Ambient Water Quality Criteria; Tetrachloroethylene.
U.S. NTIS, PB-292445, 62pp. (1978)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
MacDonald, L.O.; Skinner, D.J.; Hopton, F.J.; et al.
E Burning Waste Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in a Cement Kiln.
Environmental Protection Service, Montreal, Canada. EPS No.
4-WP-77-2 (1977)
U.S. NTIS, PB-280118, 221 pp. (Jan. 1978)
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Kleeberg, C.F.; Wright, J.G.
E Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Perchloroethylene Dry
Cleaning Systems.
Office of Air Quality and Planning Standards. E.P.A. Report No.
450/2-78/050
U.S. NTIS, PB-290613, 73pp. (1978)
United States, Environmental Protection Agency
E Guideline Series; Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from
Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaning Systems.
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. E.P.A. Report No.
450/2078-050 OAQPS No. 1.2-117 (Dec. 1978)
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Pellizzari, E.D.
E Quantification of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Previously
Collected Air Samples.
E.P.A. Report NO. 450/3-78/112
U.S. NTIS, PB-289804, 151 pp. (1978)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Snelson, A.; Butler, R.; Jarke, F.
E Study of Removal Processes for Halogenated Air Pollutants.
E.P.A. Report No. 600/3-78-058
U.S. NTIS, PB-284056, 118pp. (1978)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
TRW Systems Group, Redondo Beach, CA.
E Symposium Proceedings; Process Measurements for Environmental
Assessment. Atlanta, GA Feb. 1978.
E.P.A. Report No. 600/7-78-168 (Aug. 1978)
NTIS, PB-290-331
124
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United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Mara, S.J.; Suta, B.E.; Lee, S.S.
H Assessment of Human Exposures to Atmospheric Perchloroethylene.
Draft Final Report.
Center for Resource and Environmental Systems Studies. E.P.A.
Report No. 73 (Jan. 1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
H An Assessment of the Need for Limitations on Trichloroethylene,
Methyl Chloroform and Perchloroethylene.
Office of Toxic Substances. E.P.A. Report No. 560/11-79-009
(Jul. 1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
SRI International
Hendry, D.G.; Kenley, R.A.
E Atmospheric Reaction Products of Organic Compounds. Final
Report.
Office of Toxic Substances. E.P.A. Report No. 560/12-79-001
(Jun. 1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Randolph, K.B.; Kay, L.B.; Smith, R.C. Jr.
E Characterization of Preparation Plant Wastewaters.
Proceedings: Symposium on Coal Cleansing to Achieve Energy and
Environmental Goals, Vol. 2 (1978)
Office of Research and Development. E.P.A. Report No.
600/7-79-098b
U.S. NTIS, PB-299384, pp. 724-55 (1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Knoll, J.E.J Smith, M.A.; Midgett, M.R.
E Evaluation of Emission Test Methods for Halogenated
Hydrocarbons. Vol. I. Carbon Tetrachloride, Ethylene
Bichloride, Tetrachloroethylene, and Trichloroethylene.
E.P.A. Report No. 600/4-79/025
U.S. NTIS, PB-298247, 68pp. (1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Burns and Rae Industrial Services Corporation
E Fate of Priority Pollutants in Publically Owned Treatment
Works. Pilot Study.
Office of Water and Waste Management. E.P.A. Report No.
440/1-70-300 (Oct. 1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Chandrasekhar, R.; Yon, C.M.
E Fluidized Bed Activated Carbon Absorption Symposium
Proceedings; Text. Ind. Technol.
Office of Research and Development. E.P.A. Report No.
600/2-79-104: pp. 141-52 (1979)
125
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United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Pellizzari, E.D.; Erickson, M.D.; Zweidinger, K.A.
H Formulation of a Preliminary Assessment of Halogenated Organic
Compounds in Man and Environmental Media.
Office of Toxic Substances. E.P.A. Report No. 560/13-79-006
(Jul. 1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency.
Courtney, K.D.
H Hexachlorobenzene (RGB); A Review.
Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC
27711
Environ. Res., 20(2):225-66 (Dec. 1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Evans, G.F.; Baumgardner, R.E.; Bumgarner, J.E.; et al.
E Measurement of Perchloroethylene in Ambient Air.
U.S. NTIS, PB-80-144678, 203pp. (Aug. 1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Organic Solvent Cleaners - Background Information for Proposed
Standards.
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. E.P.A. Report No.
450/2-78-045a
U.S. NTIS 282pp. (Oct. 1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency.
E Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaning - Background Information for
Proposed Standards.
Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. E.P.A. Report No.
450/3-78-029a (Aug. 1979)
70005
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Arthur D. Little, Inc.
E Sources of Toxic Pollutants Found in Influents to Sewage
Treatment Plants. VI. Integrated Interpretation, Part I.
E.P.A. Report No. ADL 81009-63 (Oct. 1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Ayers, F.A.
E Symposium Proceedings; Textile Industry Technology,
Williamsburg, VA, Dec. 5-8, 1978.
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory. E.P.A. Report No.
600/2-79-104
U.S. NTIS PB-299 132, 376pp. (May 1979)
126
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United Sates Environmental Protection Agency
Tracor-Jitco, Inc.
Huffman, R.D.; Latanich, C.; Collin, T.K.; et al.
H Tetrachloroethylene.
In: Metabolism Summaries of Selected Halogenated Organic
Compounds in Human and Environment Media. A Literature Survey.
EPA No. 560/6-79-008, pp. 72-5, 157-60, 175-83, 253-6 (Apr. 1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency.
Rawlings, G.D.; Samfield, M.
H Toxicity of Secondary Effluents from Textile Plants.
Office of Research and Development. E.P.A. Report No.
600/7-78-168
U.S. NTIS, PB-290331, pp. 153-69 (1979)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
H Ambient Water Quality Criteria for Tetrachloroethylene.
Office of Water Regulations and Standards Division.
Environmental Research Laboratories. E.P.A. Report No.
440/5-80-073 (Oct. 1980)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Dobbs, R.A.; Cohen, J.M.
E Carbon Adsorption Isotherms for Toxic Organics.
Office of Research and Development. E.P.A. Report No.
600/8-80-023, 331pp. (1980)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency.
JRB Associates
E Draft Interim Report Level I Materials Balance;
Perchloroethylene.
Office of Pesticides and Toxic Substances. E.P.A. Report 40pp.
(Apr. 1, 1980)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Erickson, S.J.; Hawkins, C.E.
E Effects of Halogenated Organic Compounds on Photosynthesis in
Estuarine Phytoplankton.
Bull. Environ. Contain. Toxicol., 24(6): 910-5 (1980)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
E EPA Proposes Standards for Equipment Design and Work Practices
for Controlling Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds.
Fed. Regist., p. 39766 (Jun. 11, 1980)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Cupitt, L.T.
E Fate of Toxic and Hazardous Materials in the Air Environment.
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Division. Environmental
Research Laboratories. E.P.A. Report No. 600/3-80-084 (Aug.
1980)
127
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United States. Environmental Protection Agency
North Texas State University, Denton, TX, Institute of Applied
Sciences.
Glaze, W.H.; Peyton, G.R.; Huang, F.Y.; et al.
H Oxidation of Water Supply Refractory Species by Ozone with
Ultraviolet Radiation.
Municipal Environmental Research Lab. Cincinnati, OH
E.P.A. Report No. 600/2-80-100, 323pp. (Aug. 1980)
U.S. NTIS, PB-81-107104
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Hoogheem, T.J.; Horn, D.A.; Hughes, T.W.; et al.
H Source Assessment! Solvent Evaporation Degreasing Operations.
E.P.A. Report No. 600/2-79/019F
U.S. NTIS, PB80-128812, 133pp. (1979)
Gov. Rep. Announce. Index 80(8):1318 (1980)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
H Standards of Performance for New Stationary Sources; Organic
Solvent Cleaners.
Fed. Regist. 45(114):29766-84 (Jun 11, 1980)
United States. Environmental Protection Agency
E Water Treatment Process Modifications for Trihalomethane Control
and Organic Substances in the Ohio River.
Office of Research and Development. E.P.A. Report No.
600/2-80-028, 307pp. (1980)
United States. House of Representatives. Committee on Interstate
and Foreign Conmerce. Environmental Sciences Research Laboratory
E Report on the Problem of Halogenated Air Pollutants and
Stratospheric Ozone.
U.S. NTIS, PB-247699 (Dec. 1975)
United States. National Academy of Sciences
E Assessing Potential Ocean Pollutants (A Report of the Study
Panel Assessing Potential Ocean Pollutants to the Ocean Affairs
Board Commission on Natural Resources National Research Council).
N.A.S., Washington, DC, p. 68-73 (1965)
United States. National Academy of Sciences
E Halogens: Effects on Stratospheric Ozone.
Report of National Research Council: 190-200 (1976)
United States. National Academy of Sciences
H Drinking Water and Health. Volume 3.
NAS Publ. pp. 67-70 (1980)
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Hodgkiss, H.S.; Johns, R.H.; Swinehart, J.S.
H Environmental Testing of Contaminant Producing Materials from
the Integrated Life Support System (ILSS).
NASA Contract Report No. CR-794, 100 pp. (1967)
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Occupational Health Office
BioTechnology, Inc.
H Tetrachloroethylene.
In: OSHA Medical Surveillance Requirements and NIOSH
Recommendations for Employees Exposed to Toxic Substances and
Other Work Hazards (Jan. 1980)
Utzinger, R.; Schlatter, C.
H A Review on the Toxicity of Trace Amounts of Tetrachloroethylene
in Water.
Chemosphere, 6(9): 517-24 (1977)
Vail, J.T. Jr.
H Letter; False-Negative Reaction to Patch Testing with Volatile
Compounds.
Arch. Dermatol., 110(1):130 (1974)
Vainio, H.; Parkki, M.G.; Marniemi, J.
H Effects of Aliphatic Chlorohydrocarbons on Drug-Metabolizing
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Xenobiotica, 6(10):599-604 (1976)
Vakil, B.J.; Dalai, N.J.; Gangrade, R.R.; et al.
H Clinical Trial with L-Tetramisole in Roundworm and Hookworm
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Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 66(2):250-4 (1972)
Vakil, B.J.; Gaitonde, B.B.; Chavan, V.Y.; et al.
H Phenylene Diisothiocyanate and Tetrachloroethylene Crossover
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H Mental Disturbances Induced by Drugs.
Arch. Neurobiol. 42(5);389-414 (1979) (Spa)
Valle-Riestra, J.F.
H Food Processing with Chlorinated Solvents.
Food Technol., 28(2):25, 28-30, 32 (1974)
Van Abbe, N.J.
H Bacterial Mutagenicity and Carcinogenic Potential.
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129
-------
Van der Rhee, A.
H Waste Gas in the Enameling Plant - Concentration of Dust and
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Van Duuren, B.L.; Banerjee, S.
H Covalent Interaction of Metabolites of the Carcinogen
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H Carcinogenicity of Halogenated Olefinic and Aliphatic
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Van Hoesen Korndorffer, R.W.
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Verberk, M.M.; Scheffebs, T.M.
H Tetrachloroethylene in Exhaled Air of Residents Near Dry
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130
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Wacker-Cheme G.m.b.H.
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H Carcinogenic Action of Alkylating Agents.
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H Health Hazard in Occupational Exposure to Hepatotoxic Agents.
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H The Relative Potentials of Common Organic Solvents As Precursors
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H Carcinogenicity Studies on Halogenated Hydrocarbons.
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H Perchloroethylene Vapors in Dry Cleaning Plants.
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West Germany, Federal Government
E First Order for Implementing Federal Pollution Control Law
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Whelan, B.R.; Barrow, N.J.
H A Study of a Method for Displacing Soil Solution by Centrifuging
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H A Convenient Optimized Method for the Analysis of Selected
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H Teratogenic Effects of Environmental Chemicals.
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H Medical Problems Encountered in the Manufacture of American-made
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H Physicochemical Factors in the Binding of Halogenated
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Winkler, R.
H The Diagnosis and Therapy of Diseases due to Chlorinated
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Wisser, H.; Knoll, E.
H Diagnostic Value of Laboratory Parameters in Alcoholism and in
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Arztl. Lab., 26(4):78-82 (1980)
Withey, R.J.; Hall, J.W.
H The Joint Toxic Action of Perchloroethylene with Benzene or
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Toxicology, 4(1):5-15 (1975)
Woebkenberg, M.L.; Doemeny, L.J.
H NIOSH's Criteria for a Recommended Standard Occupational
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Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 39(7):598-9 (1978)
Wolf, A.F.
H Occupational Diseases of the Lung. Part III. Pulmonary Disease
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Ann. Allergy, 35:165-71 (1977)
133
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Wolf, A.F.
H Occupational Lung Disease. Part 3 - Conditions Caused by
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Consultant, 17(2):205-6, 209-10 (1977)
Wolf, C.R.; Baginsky, E.; Milby, T.H.
H Patterns in Occupational Disease.
J. Occup. Med., 12(l):l-5 (1970)
Wolff, D.L.; Just, A.
H Passive Avoidance Learning in the Rat As an Industrial
Toxicology Test.
Z. Versuchstierkd., 20(2):88-94 (1978) (Ger)
Wolff, D.L.; Siegmund, R.
H The Circadian Dependent Effect of Trichloroethylene on
Spontaneous Locomotor Activity and of Tetrachloroethane on
Mortality in Mice.
Biol. Zentralbl., 97(3):345-52 (1978) (Ger)
Wolff, M.S.
H Evidence for Existence in Human Tissues of Monomers for Plastics
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Environ. Health Perspect., 17:183-7 (Oct. 1976)
Wolter, D.; Heinrich, H.
H Contribution of the Aerohygienic Assessment of Dry-Cleaning
Plants.
Z. Gesamte Hyg. Ihre Grenzgeb. (Berlin), 21(1):29-31 (1975) (Ger)
Woodard Research Corporation
E Perclene (H-5772) Evaluation of Acute LC50 for Bluegill Sunfish.
E. I. duPont de Nemours and Co., Inc.
Yamamoto, T.; Ushida, T.
E Atmospheric Pollution by Volatile Organic Materials and Their
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Toso to Toryo (Finish Paint), 240(5):51-4 (May 1974)
Yanagihara, S.;.Shimada, I.; Shinoyama, E.; et al.
E Photochemical Reactivities of Hydrocarbons.
Proceedings: 4th International Clean Air Congress, pp. 472-7
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Yasikova, L.N.; Chinetmaya, S.K.; Lazarev, V.I.; et al.
E Removal of Perchloroethylene from Waste Waters.
Khim. Prom-st. (Moscow), (10):25-6 (1976) (Rus)
Yasikova, L.N.; Chinennaya, S.K.; Lazarev, V.I.; et al.
E Removal of Perchloroethylene from Waste Water.
Sov. Chem. Ind., 8(10):778-80 (1976)
134
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Yasuda, S.K.; Loughran, E.D.
E Air Sampling Methods for S-Tetrachloroethane and Other Related
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons.
J. Chromatogr., 137(2):283-92 (1977)
Yingming, L.
H Thienpydin; Homemade Nematocide.
Chin. Med. J., 92(9):628-34 (1979)
Yip, G.
H Survey for Hexachloro-l,3-butadiene in Fish, Eggs, Milk, and
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Yllner, S.
H Urinary Metabolites of C14-Tetrachloroethylene in Mice.
Nature, 191(4790) :820 (1961)
Yllner, S.
H Metabolism of Pentachloroethane in the Mouse.
Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 29(5-6):481-9 (1971)
Yonezawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
Yonezawa, T.
H Chlorinated Ethanes and Ethylenes in Insecticide Formulations.
Japan, Patent No. 76 48436
Apr. 26, 1976
Yonezawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd
Yonezawa, T.
E Fungicides Permeating into Plant Tissues.
Japan, Patent No. 76 48439
Apr. 26, 1976
Yoshida, K.
E Effects of Hydrocarbons on the Human Body; Especially on
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Akushu no Kenyu (Odor Control Assoc. J.), 6(26):10-25 (Jan. 1977)
Young, A.P.; Brown, F.F.; Halsey, M.J.; et al.
H Volatile Anesthetic Facilitation of In Vitro Desensitization of
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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 75(9):4563-7 (1978)
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H Education of the Chemical User - Key to a Healthier Environment.
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135
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Young, D.R.
H Priority Pollutants in Municipal Wastewaters.
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H The Comparative Efficacy of Bephenium Hydroxynaphthoate and
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E Primary Steps in the Photolysis of 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane.
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E Dehalogenation of Waste Liquids Containing Halogenated
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Mizu Shori Gijutsu, 20(l):31-5 (1979) (Jpn)
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E Dehalogenation Waste Liquids Containing Halogenated
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Mizu Shori Gijutsu, 20(9):833-7 (1979) (Jpn)
Yung, Y.L.; McElroy, M.B.; Wofsy, S.C.
E Atmospheric Halocarbons; A Discussion with Emphasis on
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H Determination of Hexachloro-l,3-butadiene in Spinach, Eggs,
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Zabel, F.
E Thermal-Decomposition of Chlorinated Ethylenes in Gas Phase 1.
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Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 78(1): 94 (1974) (Ger)
Zaitsu, Y.
H Combined Therapy of Alcopar 4-Ethylene Chloride for Hookworm
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H Liver Disease from Tetrachloroethylene.
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136
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Zawadzka, E.
Determination of the Tri- and Tetrachloroethylene Content in
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yj
771
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H Gas Chromatographic Determination of Blood Levels of
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H Human Exposure to Environmental Trichloroethylene and
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H Persistent Organic Pollutants in River Water and Ground Water of
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Zucco
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Zucker, J.
E Environmental Protection and Chlorinated Hydrocarbons.
Oberflaece, 14(8):243-4 (1973) (Ger)
Zuercher, F.; Giger, W.
E Volatile Organic Trace Components in the Glatt (River).
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E Simple Method for Micro Determination of Industrial Toxics in
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137
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APPENDICES
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Appendix I
Abstract Collections Manually Searched
Source Period of Coverage
Chemical Abstracts* (1930-1976)
Biological Abstracts* (1930-1970)
Excerpta Medica*
Physiology, Biochemistry, Pharmacology, (1965-1974)
Toxicology
Cancer (1953-1974)
Public Health, Social Medicine, Hygiene (1955-1974)
Clinical Biochemistry (1969-1974)
Pharmacology and Toxicology (1969-1974)
Occupational Health (1972-1975)
Current Contents
Life Sciences (Oct. 1979-Mar. 1980)
(Apr. 1981-May 1981)
Physical Sciences (Oct. 1979-Mar. 1980)
(Apr. 1981-May 1981)
Agriculture (Oct. 1979-Mar. 1980)
(Apr. 1981-May 1981)
Industrial Hygiene Digest (1943-1979)
Index Medicus* (1930-1976)
Toxicology Research Projects Directory (Oct. 1979-Mar. 1980)
*Recent issues searched on-line.
-------
Appendix II
On-Line Databases Searched
National Library of Medicine (MEDLARS)
File Coverage Period of File
+ indicates that the database is continually updated.
Chemline N/A
Toxline 1974+
Toxback 1965-1973
Cancerlit Jan. 1963+
Cancerproj 1976-1978
Medline Jan. 1977+
Back 66 Jan. 1966-Dec. 1968
Back 69 Jan. 1969-Dec. 1971
Back 72 Jan. 1972-Dec. 1974
Back 75 Jan. 1975-Dec. 1976
Toxicology Data Bank N/A
Search Strategy
RN 127-18-4
ALL tetrachloroethylene
(TW) tetrachloroethene
ALL perchloroethylene
(TW) ankilostin
(TW) didakene
(TW) ethylene and tetrachloride
(TW) nema
(TW) persec
(TW) tetracap
Search Strategy
(TW)tetrachlorethylene
(TW) perchlorethylene
(TW) Antisal
(TW) Tetraguer
(TW) Fedal and Un
(TW) Tetraleno
(TW) Tetropil
(TW) Perclene
(TW) Tetlen
All search statements were combined with the logical operator "or" before
printout.
-------
Appendix II
On-Line Databases Searched (cont'd)
Lockheed Information Systems (DIALOG)
File
Coverage Period of File
+ indicates that the database is continually updated
Agricola
Air Pollution Technical Information Center
Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts
Biosis Previews
Chemical Abstracts Search
CA Patent Concordance
Commonwealth Agriculture Bureaux Abstracts
Chemical Industry Notes
Chemname
Claims/Chem
Comprehensive Dissertation Abstracts
Conference Papers Index
Current Research Information System
EIS Industrial Plants
Enviroline
Environmental Periodicals Bibliography
Excerpta Medica
Food Science & Technology Abstracts
GPO Monthly Catalog
National Technical Information Service
Oceanic Abstracts
Pollution Abstracts
PTS Funk and Scott Indexes
PTS Federal Index
PTS Annual Time Series
PTS US Statistical Abstracts
Rubber & Plastics Research Association Abstracts
SciSearch
Smithsonian Science Information Exchange
Current Research Information System
Compendex
Inspec
Metadex
Pira
Claims /U.S. Patent
Claims/U.S. Patent
Claims/Class
CAB Abstracts
Aug. 1971+
1976-Sep. 1978
Jan. 1975+
1969+
1970+
Jan. 1972+
Jan. 1973+
1974+
N/A
1950-1970
1861+ "
1973+
Jul. 1974+
N/A
1971+
1973+
Jun. 1974+
1969+
Jul. 1973+
1964+
1964+
1970+
1972+
Oct. 1976+
Jul. 1971+
Jul. 1971+
1972+
Jan. 1974+
Most Recent 2 Yrs,
Jul. 1974+
1970+
1969+
1966+
1975+
Abstracts Weekly
1971 +
Oct. 1975+
1973+
-------
Appendix II
On-Line Databases Searched (cont'd)
Lockheed Information Systems (DIALOG)
Search Strategy
tetrachloroetthylene
tetra(w)chloroethylene
tetra(w)chloro(w)ethylene
tetrachloro(w)ethylene
tetrachloroethene
tetra(w)chloro(w)ethene
tetrachloro(w)ethene
tetra(w)chloroethene
ethylene(w)tetrachloride
ethylene(w)tetra(w)chloride
ethylene(w)tetrachloro
ethylene(w)tetra(w)chloro
ethene(w)tetrachloro
ethene(w)tetra(w)chloro
l(w)l(w)2(w)2(w)tetrachloroethylene
l(w)l(w)2(w)2(w)tetrachloro(w)ethylene
l(w)l(w)2(w)2(w)tetra(w)chloroethylene
l(w)l(w)2(w)2(w)tetra(w)chloro(w)ethylene
perchloroethylene
Search Stragety
perchloro(w)ethylene
per(w)chloro(w)ethylene
Ankilostin
Didakeen
Nema
Persec
Per(w)sec
Tetracap
Tetra(w)cap
Antisal(w)!
Antisal
Tetraguer
Fedal(w)un
Tetraleno
Tetropil
Perclene
Tetlen
RN 127-18-4 used in appropriate files
-------
Database
Appendix II
On-Line Databases Searched (cont'd)
Systems Development Corporation (ORBIT)
Coverage Period of File
+ indicates that the database is continually updated.
Apilit
Apipat
Chemdex
Crecord
Fedreg
Grants
Paperchem
Safety Science
Titus
Search Strategy
(RN)127-18-4 (in appropriate files)
tetrachloroethylene
tetrachloroethene
perchloroethylene
Ankilostin
Didakene
ethylene and tetrachloride
Nema
Persec
Tetracap
1974+
1964+
1972+
1976+
Mar. 1977+
1977+
1968+
Jun. 1975+
1970+
Search Strategy
perchlorethylene
Antisal
Tetraguer
Fedal and Un
Tetraleno
Tetropil
Perclene
Tetlen
All search statements were combined with the logical operator "or" before
printout.
-------
Appendix II
On-Line Databases Searched (cont'd)
Department of Energy (RECON)
File Coverage Period of File
+ indicates that the database is continually updated.
Water Resources Abstracts 1968+
Environmental Mutagen Information Center 1969+
Environmental Teratogen Information Center 1975+
Search Strategy
IT= tetrachloroethylene
RN= 127-18-4
Chemical Information System*
Structure and Nomenclature Search System (SANSS)
(RN) 127-18-4
*Searched to obtain synonyms only
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NIOSHTIC 1973+
+ indicates that the database is continually updated.
Search Strategy
trichloroethylene
127-18-4
------- |