Region  V Public  Report
             December,

  Federal officials Approach Shoreline Krosion Problem.

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GOVERNMENT
    New   Ohio   EPA  Begins   Work
  Confident and optimistic Ira L. Whitman, Director of
the new Ohio Environmental  Protection Agency, looks
forward to noticeably cleaner air and water for Ohio in
two or three years.
  And he  may be right, if activities during Ohio EPA's
first two months  are an indication of what is to come.
  Since it became legally effective  on October 23 the
agency has undertaken a variety of innovative actions.
One of the first was announcement of the development of
a Lake Erie strike force to take immediate action in
clean-up of the lake that has become a national symbol of
the worst effects  of water pollution. In announcing the
strike force, Ohio's Governor John J.  Gilligan said, "The
primary goal of this new program is to eliminate the
contamination of water along the beaches and shoreline
of the lake, and to open these beaches for recreational
use by the public as soon as possible."
  In a special ceremony the first air pollution control
permit to operate acutally five permits in all was issued
to Avon Products  in Springdale, Ohio, indicating that the
plant is in complete compliance with Ohio's air pollution
regulations.
  Also in the area of  air pollution control the Ohio EPA
has taken a somewhat unique step by contracting with
thirteen local Ohio agencies, enabling them to have a
joint role in the  enforcement of Ohio's  air pollution
control program.  The contracts, still  to be  signed by the
local agencies, authorize them to act as representatives
of  the Ohio EPA in matters relating to  air pollution
control, including conducting inspections,  investigating
violations, expanding surveillance programs  and air
quality monitoring activities and assisting the Attorney
General in acquiring evidence for possible enforcement
actions.
  Since the  establishment of the new pollution control
agency, Ohio has seen the first criminal case brought for
violation of  the state regulation  against open  burning,
resulting in conviction of Osborne Excavating,  Inc. for
the burning of construction scraps in the city of Mentor.
  In  what Dr. Whitman  called  a  precendent-setting
action, the Ohio EPA recently issued two permits to the
Columbus and Southern Ohio  Electric Company for
construction  of  two  new  generating   stations  at
Conesville, based on the company's commitment  to
adopt technology  that will put them in compliance with
air emission  regulations.
  So the new EPA is getting right to work, despite the
fact that it is going through a difficult transition period
necessitates by a  radical change in the State's a struc-
tural approach to pollution control. With creation of the
Ohio EPA, the pollution control  responsibilities of the
former Department of Natural Resources, Department
of Health, the Water Pollution Control Board and the Air
Pollution  Control  Board have been brought together in
one agency organized around the concept of "function" -
functions  such  as  regulations,   planning, com-
munications.
  Says  Director  Whitman,   "What  is  important  to
remember is that problems of air, water, and solid waste
pollution are directly related and should be treated  as
such.  This   comprehensive  functional  approach  to
problem solving is necessary if we are to make  inroads
PAGE 2
  Ira  L   Whitman  Director.   Ohio  Environmental
Protection Agency.

into the totality of environmental concerns. It will give us
the flexibility we need and, in the long run, prove to be
more efficient."
  The functional approach was  first recommended  by
the Stanford  Research  Institute  of  Menlo Park,
California, in a study commissioned by the U.S. EPA and
the State of  Ohio  to examine the state's  existing en-
vironmental organization  and make recommendations
for a more efficient structure.
  As EPA director, Dr. Whitman will be responsible for
setting all regulations relating to air and water pollution
control and solid waste disposal and for issuing, denying
or modifying air and water pollution control permits. His
responsibilities  will  also  include  safeguarding  of
domestic water supplies and passing approval on sewage
treatment plans. Whitman serves also as chairman of the
new Ohio Power Siting Commission.
  A native of New  York City, 32-year-old Whitman holds
a doctorate in  environmental engineering from Johns
Hopkins  University.  Previously with  the  Battelle
Memorial Institute in Columbus, Whitman has been with
the state pollution control effort for nearly a year.
  Working with Whitman  will be an assistant director
and two deputy  directors.  The Assistant  Director,
recently -appointed John  Kroeger formerly  Vice
President of Frederick F. Leney Manufacturing Com-
pany  of Cincinnati  and  a Ph.D.  instrumental  in
development of non-polluting inks, will assure the  ef-
ficient day-to-day  operation of the organization.
  Harvard Law  School  graduate,  Samuel  Bleicher,
Deputy  Director  for Regulation Actions currently  on
leave from his teaching post at the University of Toledo,

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College of Law, will review the regulatory decisions of
the agency, preparing or revising regulations as needed.
Through  the mechanism of an internal review board,
Bleicher will assure equitable and uniform compliance to
the agency's policy.
  Those policies, as well as objectives and programs of
the agency, will be defined by the Deputy Director of
Policy Development, Alan Farkas, a Princeton graduate
and former Executive Director of the Governor's Task
Force on Environmental Protection. He will also plan the
long range environmental goals of the state and serve as
legislative liaison, working with and keeping track of
federal  legislation.  Coordination  of  environmental
research and development in the state will also be one of
his duties.
  The new EPA incorporates two additional functions of
particular interest to the  public.   An Ombudsman's
Office- A unique function not often found in government
- will soon be established to listen and respond to citizen
complaints  and concerns about pollution. According to
EPA's  public  relations man  Dave Milenthal  the  ap-
pointment of an  ombudsman  was an option  in  the
establishing legislation which Whitman retained because
of the importance he places in being responsive to the
public.  Adelle  Mitchell,  Vice  Pres. of the League of
Women Voters  of Columbus,  will serve as Ombudsman.
Milenthal heads up the Public Interest Center which has
responsibility for public education and  involving  the
public in Ohio's environmental problems. The  office is
currently beginning  to produce  and  plan  literature,
speeches, and  seminars and has already published the
first two  issues of the Ohio EPA Newsleaf, a  monthly
publication intended to provide readers with technical as
well  as general information  on EPA, business,  and
citizen  activities throughout the state.
  Whitman has emphasized   the importance  of  this
public information function. He says,  "we intend to be
easily  accessible  for  complaints  and  to  give  en-
vironmental groups a voice in what we are doing ... we
don't want to use our legal powers as the only tool for
doing the job, but we will use enough legal action to make
sure everyone  knows we are seniors."
                                    by Helen Starr
  Message  from  Mayo

  The following letter was sent by Midwest Regional
Administrator Francis T  Mayo  to  State environmental
agencies  on  November  13
  Loans are now  available from  the  Small Business
Administration  (SBA)  for air and  water  pollution
equipment  for  small  businesses.  The  Development
Council, a non-profit corporation, has  received a grant
from SBA to provide "packaging assistance" to small
businesses in obtaining  these SBA loans.
  Section 502 of the Small Business Act authorizes SBA to
make loans to  "local development companies"  for the
purpose  of assisting an   identifiable  small business
concern in acquiring capital assets, including pollution
control  hardware.  Generally   the   borrowing  local
development company will construct the needed capital
equipment and lease  it  to the small business involved.
The  purpose of the arrangement  is to channel  high-
calibre business  expertise toward the small business
community on  an  ad  hoc  basis.
  State agencies  and eligible companies may contact
either Mr.  David Vega, Development Council, 219 S.
Dearborn, Room  437, Chicago, Illinois (312-353-4521) or
Mr. John Egan, Development Council,  24451 Lakeshore,
Apartment 204, Cleveland, Ohio  44123  (216-261-5052).
  This is  a separate SBA program from that mentioned
in Section 8 of the 1972 Amendments of the Federal Water
Pollution Control  Act. Information on this new program
will be available  in the future.
 More Solid Waste Literature
   It has  been  brought  to our attention  that certain
 publications on solid waste and resource recovery were
 not included in the listing in the October-November issue
 of the Public  Report.  The  following  are  additional
 sources of information:
   The National  Association  of  Secondary  Material
 Industries, Inc. has available innumerable publications
 of various types. The extensive list includes "Recycling
 Resources",  "Proceedings of A Recycling Day In New
                (Continued on page  12)
   Dr. Whitman turns the State's used phone books over
 for recycling
  Employment Opportunities

     The Region V office of Personnel  is accepting
    applications for current and anticipated vacancies
    in engineering and the physical  sciences.  Oppor-
    tunities exist in a number of EPA programs in the
    Chicago  office  dealing with   environmental
    problems of air, water, pesticides and solid waste
    management. Salaries range from $7,696 to $19,700
    per  year depending upon qualifications. Persons
    with  education or professional experience  in the
    field of pollution abatement and control are invited
    to send a Personal Qualifications Statement, SF 171
    (obtainable from any U.S. Post Office) or resume to
    EPA Region V, One  N.  Wacker Drive, Chicago,
    Illinois 60606, Attn: Personnel  Branch.
     All qualified applicants will receive consideration
    for appointment without  regard  to race, religion,
    color, national orgin,  sex, political affiliations, or
    anv  other non-merit factor.
                                                                                                PAGE 3

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COVER  STORY



High  Water



And  Shoreline



Erosion   On



The  Great  Lakes

                        by William Omohundro

   This article is the first in a two-part series. The con-
 cluding part of the article is scheduled to appear in the
 January edition of the Region V Public Report.

  High water and resulting shoreline erosion seems to be
shapingupas one of the big environmental stories of the
year in the Great Lakes Basin. The problem concerns
Federal,  State and local officials as well "as private
citizens.
  Property owners who have been damaged or those
who stand to be damaged are looking to government
officials for help. So are environmentalists.
  Congressmen  and Senators from the  Great Lakes
statesgathered in the Nation's Capitol November 28 for a
special meeting on the crisis. The problem and possible
solutions were discussed but what the government will do
is not certain.
  The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the agency with the
major technical responsibility for the control of water
levels along the nation's waterways and coastlines, is
keeping an eye on the problem and weighing the alter-
natives for alleviating it.
  The North Central Division  of the Corps of Engineers
headquartered in Chicago is responsible  for the entire
Great  Lakes and  the St. Lawrence Basin within the
United States.
  The Region V Public Report interviewed Maj. Gen.
Ernest Graves, Division Engineer for the  North Central
Division, about  the high  water  and shoreline erosion
problem and what might be done about it.
An Assessment of the Problem
  General Graves  says the Great Lakes  are now well
above their long-term average levels for this time of year
because of the higher than normal precipitation during
the past two years.
  "The high lake levels are greatly aggravating shore
erosion and damage to structures along the shores of the
Great Lakes,"  he  says. According to a recently com-
pleted National shoreline study, 1,300 miles of the 3,700 -
mile Great Lakes shoreline are subject  to significant
erosion.
  "This 1,300 miles includes approximately 200 miles of
publicly - owned  shoreline  and about 1,100 miles of
privately - owned shoreline," he adds.
  Further, he points out that over 200 miles of shoreline
are subject to  critical erosion and over  300 miles to
flooding. Three hundred eighty miles of  shoreline are
protected.
  While some of the shoreline is rocky, most is relatively
PAGE 4
          Major General Ernest Graves, junior

soft  glacial deposits which offer  little  resistance to
erosion  by lake  currents and  waves.  The greatest
damage is waves generated by storm winds sweeping'
over the lakes, and these are generally most severe in the
Fall  and Srping.
  "The best natural protection for a shoreline is  a
gradually sloping beach which waves can break against
and dissipate their energy as they run up the slope," says
General Graves.
  He says such beaches form naturally around the Great
Lakes  shoreline  as the banks erode,  and  provide
protection at normal lake levels.
  "However," he points out, "when  extended periods of
above-normal precipitation raise the levels of the lakes,
the water surface extends over the beach, and the waves
break directly against the steeper  banks behind. This
produces accelerated erosion and damage such as we are
now experiencing."
  The current rate of  damage to the  Great Lakes
shoreline is not precisely known, the General said.
Following a similar period of high lake levels and severe
storm 20 years ago, though, field surveys revealed some
$61 million in damage in one year - from the Spring of
1951 to the Spring of 1952.
  He said $50 million of this was from wave action and
$11 million was from flooding.  "Converted to today's
prices the figure would be $120 million, without  any
allowance  for the  extensive additional  development
which has occurred along the lakeshore during he last 20
years."
The Corps' Authorities
  This, in general, is the problem.  The questions are,
what measures is the Corps of Engineers  authorized to
take  to remedy  the situation  and under what legal
authorities is it working?
  Public Law 727, 79th Congress (1946), as amended by
Public Law 826, 84th Congress (1956) and Public Law 87-

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874 (1962), provided for Federal participation in the
construction of works for the restoration and protection
of the U.S. shoreline  against erosion by  waves  and
currents. These acts set the policy for reimbursement of
construction costs, generally up to 50 percent, but under
certain conditions up to 70 percent of the total costs.
  "To be eligible for  Federal assistance the shore must
be publicly owned, or available for public use if privately
owned,"  General Graves  points  out.  "For  Federal
participation exceeding $1 million the project must have
been  specifically  authorized  by  Congress  after  in-
vestigation and study by the Corps  of Engineers."
  A  project  may  be  undertaken without  specific
authorization from Congress if the Federal participation
is not more than $1 million for the complete project. In
any case, according  to General Graves, under law the
project must be evaluated on the basis of benefits  and
costs  and its environmental impact.
  "Where the  hazard to the Great Lakes shoreline is
flooding rather than erosion by waves and currents," he
said,  "Federal assistance is available under the Flood
Control  Act of 1936. However,  such projects require
specific Congressional authorization following a study of
engineering and  economic  feasibility  and  recom-
mendation by  the Chief of Engineers."
  Section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 provides for
construction   of  small  flood  control projects  not
specifically authorized by Congress when, in the opinion
of the Chief of  Engineers, such work is advisable and the
Federal share does not exceed $1 million for a single
complete project.
  Section 14 of the Flood Control Act of 1946 authorizes
the construction of emergency bank protection works to
prevent flood  damage to highways,  bridge approaches,
and public works when, in the opinion of the Chief of
Engineers, such  work is advisable, provided that not
more than $50,000 is allotted to any single locality.
  General Graves says Section 111 of  the River  and
Harbor Act of  1968 authorizes the mitigation of shoreline
damage attributable to Federal navigation works, to be
done  entirely  at  Federal  expense.   "Specific
authorization  by  Congress is  required if the estimated
first cost exceeds $1 million," he adds.
  The General cites a number of projects  already un-
dertaken under the authorities already mentioned.
   "Twenty-three  shore  protection projects,  with an
aggregate estimated first cost of $13 million, have been
authorized for the Great Lakes shoreline," he says. "Of
these projects, seven have been completed, one is under
construction, preconstruction planning is completed for
two,  eight are not funded,  and five are  deferred or
inactive."
   He said four flood control projects, with an aggregate
estimated first cost of $2 million, have been authorized
for the Great Lakes shoreline. Of these four projects, two
have been completed and two are not funded.
   In addition, one emergency bank protection project
costing $50,000 has been completed.
   General Graves said four authorized studies of Great
Lakes shore  erosion  problems  are underway,  with
aggregate funding in the 1973 fiscal year of $66,000.
   "To date," he said, "we have completed  preliminary
studies under Section 111 of the River and Harbor Act of
1968 for  27 areas of  the Great Lakes shoreline."
   He said these  studies have indicated that Federal
navigation works are wholly or partially responsible for
shore erosion  in  17  cases, and  the District Engineers
have been authorized to prepare detailed project reports
and estimates.
  What emergency measures are authorized to remedy
the situation?  Public  Law 99,  84th Congress  (1956)
provides for Federal assistance to local communities in
the preparation and execution of plans for emergency
protection from flooding. The Act  also provides  for
repairs at Federal expense  to  restore existing  flood
control works damaged by flooding.
  "During the recent flooding along the southern and
western shoreline of Lake Erie teams from the  Buffalo
and Detroit Districts of the Corps of Engineers contacted
local  communities  to  offer  such  assistance,"  says
General Graves.
  Since this event, he says, the Detroit District  has  un-
dertaken the repair of the dike  at Reno Beach,  Ohio,
under  this authority.  "We are studying other possible
measures pursuant to Public  Law 99 which might be
undertaken  during  the  present period  of high lake
levels."
  The Corps of Engineers is one of the Federal agencies
which respond to requests from the  Office of Emergency
Preparedness when the President declares a Federal
disaster area under the provisions of Public Law 606.
  "We sent teams into the field when reports were first
received of the recent severe storms on the Great Lakes
and have been supporting OEP efforts continuously since
that date," General Graves noted.
  About one-sixth of the shoreline is eligible for a Federal
program under the existing policy  and five-sixth is  not
eligible under existing policy, according to the Division
Engineers.
  "This is what I mean when I say that the national
policy on this subject is not one that allows  the Federal
government to play a major role in solving the overall
problem. That's the way the law is written," he added.
  General Graves will not speculate, on how the law will
change. "Certainly there's strong Congressional sen-
timent and of course local sentiment in the Great Lakes
area to have much greater Federal participation in this
problem."
  But,  he says,  it's bigger than the Great Lakes because
we have the whole shoreline of the United States. "While
you don't have  as much private ownership, you never-
theless have the same problem and when you're talking
money, the amounts are massive."
  He said it would cost several billion dollars to provide
protection for those areas of  the shoreline which are
getting serious  erosion.
  "So in considering what the Federal policy should be
the government is faced with the problem that if it makes
a change in the present policy they're undertaking a very
large committment of resources,"  the General  says.
High Water Predictions
  Do these high water levels come in cycles? "Not in
predictable cycles," the General says. "The last time we
had them was  in 1951 and 1952. You can go into  the
records and see that they recur but not at any particular
period  of years. We had extremely low water levels in
1964, and now we're back. Well, it's 20 years, but that's
not a magic number because it depends on rainfall and
we know from  weather records  that you can't  predict
that."
  High water level predictions have  been rumored  for
next  spring. What would be the basis for these  predic-
tions?
  General Graves says the basis for that is that we have
had a great deal of rain this summer and the ground is
             (Continued on page  12)
                                          PAGE 5

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ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION
   New   "Gleam"  In  The  Navy's   Eyes
             by Wi//iam Omohundro
  If you think the military is lagging in such hip areas as
 the environment and ecology, you have a big surprise in
 store for you at the Great Lakes Naval Training Center
 on Lake Michigan north of Chicago.
  A group of dedicated environmentalists at Great Lakes
 has made believers out of those who scoffed 18 months
 ago when they organized as the Great Lakes Ecology
 Association of Military (GLEAM) and vowed to clean up
 their community.
  Furthermore, the group has declared war on all forms
 of pollution and is waving the ecology flag to rally those
 at other  military posts, as well as  the civilian com-
 munity, who stand ready to follow their example.
  Rear Admiral Draper Kauffman, Commandant of the
 Ninth Naval District headquartered at Great Lakes^ is
 emphatic when he says:  "The Federal Government
 simply must take  the  lead to solve  this whole  en-
 vironmental problem. The Navy must do its  part,  and
 this is why GLEAM is important."
  Admiral Kauffman says he feels that GLEAM's ac-
 complishments are important in themselves but that the
 organization is more important as a symbol of an at-
 titude  which must eventually prevail throughout  the
 community.
  Although he fully backs GLEAM's goals, the Admiral's
 considerable administrative responsibilities as chief
 executive of a naval district preclude his taking part in
 much  direct action.
   But  with Mrs. Kauffman it's a different story. She's
 one of the most active environmentalists at Great Lakes
 and one of the founders of GLEAM.
  "We owe a great deal to  Mrs.  Kauffman,"  says
 Commander William Ahrens, Great Lakes Public Works
 Executive Officer and the man who Mrs. Kauffman calls
 "the real dynamo behind GLEAM."
  Mrs. Kauffman presently heads one of three  per-
 manent GLEAM committees, the Education Committee.
 The other two permanent committees are the Recycling
 Committee  headed  by Commander  Ahrens and  the
 Conservation Committee headed by Chief Petty Officer
 Robert Stull.
  Commander Ahrens is quick to point out that  without
 the aid of Mrs. Kauffman the whole GLEAM program
 might have fallen on its face.
  Both say the organization and its  programs have
 caught the interest and received the endorsement of such
 top Department of Defense officials  as Deputy Under-
 secretary of the Navy Joseph A. Grimes, Chief of Naval
 Operations  Admiral Elmo  Zumwalt,  and  John A.
 Busterud, former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense
 for  Environmental  Quality  as well as  Congressman
 Robert McClory who represents the  Illinois district  in
 which the  Great Lakes installation is located. Busterud
 was recently named a member of  the  Council on
 Environmental Quality by President Nixon.
   The obvious question is, "What has GLEAM done  to
 merit this acclaim?" To answer it we have to go back  to
 May of 1971 when Commander Ahrens gave a fiery talk
 on the world's environmental crisis to the Great Lakes
 Navy Wives.
   The Commander ended his talk by urging the women  to
 PAGE 6
get angry and told them, "Let's get together and clean up
this world."  The message wasn't  lost. One June 1,
GLEAM held its first meeting, electing officers and
setting goals. Commander Ahrens became  the  first
chairman.
  The group decided it was going to beautify  the base,
create cycling and walking trails, sustain wildlife and
nature areas, reduce waste, litter  and  pollution, and
support national conservation organizations.
  By mid-August the newly launched group of volunteers
from both civilian and military families on the post was
already making a difference.
  They had worked out a program to recycle glass
bottles, metal cans and paper; cleaned debris and refuse
from  Nunn Beach, a large recreation area along the
Great Lakes waterfront; worked with Downey Veterans
Hospital personnel to enhance a  10-acre park, and
promoted interest and awareness among Navy youth
through a  poster contest on the theme,  "This Land is
Your Land - Save It."
Open Ecology Center
  The posters created by  the young environmentalists
were  on  display at ribbon-cutting  ceremonies  for the
grand opening of GLEAM's Ecology  Center August 19 at
Building 1713 Ray Street in Nimitz  Village.
  Congressman McClory and Admiral Kauffman were
on hand to officially open the Center, which was strictly a
salvage job done with volunteer work and used materials
from  demolished buildings.
  "You'd have  to have seen  this building before  our
people restored it to really appreciate what was done
here," says Commander Ahrens. Some of the volunteers,
he notes, were Public Works Center civilian craftsmen
who donated after-hours labor.
  The barrack-type building located in what was  for-
merly a part of the old recruit training area now sports a
fresh coat of white paint trimmed with "ecology" green.
  The building  contains an office, a library, a kitchen,
rest rooms, a lounge area and a meeting hall for large
group activities. It shelters the majority of GLEAM's
indoor activities.
  "We try to make people feel that the Ecology Center is
an important social center on the post where they are
always welcome," Mrs. Kauffman points out. She says
such  an  atmosphere  is  important to  get  the  en-
vironmental message across.
  About 150 school children come to the Center each
week. An arts and crafts group meets every Saturday.
Congressman  McClory has brought  in high school
students from  his district for  a  one-day  Saturday
workshop to orient them on environmental problems and
to give them ideas that they could  take back to their
schools and communities.
  Commander Ahrens and Mrs. Kauffman work with the
Boy Scouts and  Girl Scouts as well as the Cub Scouts on
post. At Great  Lakes  there are three troops  of Boy
Scouts, three troops of Girl Scouts  and numerous Cub
Scout groups.
  Cub scout woodcraft activities are centered around a
park on the base with a growth of original oaks. The Cubs
have been  working to beautify the park.
                          continued on page  J5.

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  Commander Ahrens,  first   Genera/ on the staff of Admiral
chairman of GLEAM, talks to  a   Kou/fmon. Petty Officer Second
youfh  group  in  the  Ecology   Class John Shillabeer. a student
Center meeting room.  He was   at the Service School Command,
recently succeeded as chairman   presently  serves   as   vice
fay Captain John Fox, Inspector   chairman.
                                                                       Train station cleanup  begins.
                                                                                                   .
      Mrs.  Bi// Perry,  one of  the
    volunteers  who   staff   the
    GLEAM-run greenhouse.
   Admiral Kauffman.  Congressman
 McClory,  at  Ecology Center ribbon
 cutting  ceremony.
                                                    Ecology   poster    contest winners.
                                                      Shrubbery  planting  fakes muscle.
                                                                                                   PAGE?

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                                                                    EPA    A
 EPA Announces Construction

 Grant Allotments
  The allotment of Federal funds for construction of
 waste treatment plants during fiscal years 1973 and 1974
 was announced late last month by EPA Administrator
 William Ruckelshaus.
  Ruckelshaus stated, "The President has directed me to
 allocate no more than $2 billion for fiscal year 1973 and
 no more than $3 billion for fiscal year 1974 according to
 the  formula set forth  in the Federal Water Pollution
 Control Act Amendments of 1972."
  The amendments had authorized  allotments  not to
 exceed $5.0 billion for 1973 and not to  exceed $6.0 billion
 for  1974. Ruckelshaus  said the allotments were deter-
 mined after a careful  consideration  of water  pollution
 control needs in the contest of a responsible fiscal policy.
  In addition to the $5 billion allotment for fiscal years
 1973-74, $1.9 billion will be made available to reimburse
 state and local governments for projects initiated bet-
 ween June  30, 1966 and July 1, 1972 which did not then
 receive the full Federal share. A total of $350 million in
 additional fiscal year 1972 authorization will be available
 immediately and will bring 1972 allocations to $2.0
 billion.
      Allocations for Region V (Millions of Dollars)
                   Fiscal Year
                                     Three  Year
         1971-72
1972-73
1973-74    TOTAL
111.
bid.
Mich.
Minn.
Ohio
Wise.
105.9
50.0
84.8
36.9
101.6
42.6
125.0
67.3
159.6
40.6
115.5
34.8
187.5
101.0
239.4
61.0
173.2
52.2
418.4
218.3
483.8
138.5
390.3
129.6
  Source: AIR AND WATER NEWS, Dec. 4, 1972.

 Joint Hearings In Wisconsin
  Region V and the Wisconsin Department of Natural
 Resources held joint informal hearings Nov. 28-29 in
 Appleton, Wis., to discuss remedies  for  the 180-day
 notices issued in early October to 14 communities and
 pulp and paper mills for pollution of the Fox River and
 Green Bay in northeastern Wisconsin. The enforcement
 actions on the Fox River resulted from extensive joint
 evaluation  and cooperation  between  EPA and the
 Wisconsin DNR. "The 180-day notices to the 10 pulp and
 paper mills were the largest  number ever issued to a
 single industry at one time," said James 0. McDonald,
 Director of the Region V Enforcement Division. Further,
 meetings were held Dec.  12-14 to work out the detailed
 abatement schedules for  the alleged violators.

 Technology Transfer Seminar

  Region V hosted a Municipal Wastewater Treatment
 Facilities Design Seminar Nov. 28-30 in Chicago as part

PAGES
                                of the Agency's Technology Transfer Program. The
                                seminar focused on  the design and cost aspects  of
                                selected topics  related to  the  environmental im-
                                provement of the Lake Michigan  Basin. Technical
                                sessions were devoted to nitrogen control, phosphorus
                                removal, and the  upgrading of existing wastewater
                                treatment plants.
Report On Radiation  Released

  A National Academy of Sciences advisory committee
report called "The Effects on Populations of Exposure to
Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation" has been made public
by EPA.  The report analyzes population exposure to
ionizing  radiation  sources  and  effects  of ionizing
radiation of genes, human growth and development, and
somatic cells. Copies of the report are being printed and
will be available in early December. Single copies of the
report will bo made available upon request to the Public
Inquires Branch, Office of Public Affairs,  U.S. EPA,
Washington, D.C. 20460.


 I.TC Hearings  Held

  The International Joint Commission nas held the first
of a series of hearings which will eventually cover water
quality of the Upper Great Lakes - Superior and Huron -
as well as pollution of the boundary waters of the Great
Lakes System from agricultural, forestry and other land
use activities. The first two hearings were held  in
Thunder Bay, Ontario, on Dec. 5 and in Duluth, Minn., on
Dec. 7 to consider testimony relevant to water quality in
Lake Superior. The IJC study is being undertaken at the
request of the governments of Canada and the United
States in  accordance with provisions of the Canada -
United States Water Quality Agreement of April 15,1972,
and the 1909 Boundary Waters Treaty which provides
that boundary waters shall not be polluted on either side
to the injury of health or property on the other.


 Public Hearings Held

In Collinsville

  Region  V held public hearings on Dec. 6-7 in Collin-
sville, 111., to discuss remedies  for the 180-day notices
issued to East St. Louis, 111.; Sauget, 111.; Granite City,
111.; and the East Side Levee and Sanitary District of
East St. Louis, 111., for violation of Federal-State water
quality standards. These hearings were the last 180-day
notice hearings to be held in the United States, under
provisions of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act as
amended to 1970. Such hearings will be no longer be used
as an enforcement instrument since passage of the 1972
Amendments to the Act.

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CTION
        Water Pollution Against

        DuPont Resolved

         A water pollution suit filed against the DuPont Com-
        pany in East Chicago by the Federal  Government on
        February  19,  1971 has  successfully  resulted in an
        agreement by the plant to reduce chemical wastes
        discharged into the Grand Calumet River. The consent
        decree agreed to by DuPont was entered in  the U.S.
        District Court in Hammond, Indiana. The suit charged
        DuPont with discharging iron, sulfates, fluorides, acids
        and solids from its plant in violation of the Refuse Act of
        1899. The decree requires DuPont to install additional
        sewage treatment facilities to restrict the discharge of
        the chemical pollutants and to develop an abatement
        program to achieve a  maximum reduction of  the
        discharge of those wastes. The company is required to
        install new sewer lines  by  September 15, to reduce
        discharges  of zinc,  phosphorous, suspended solids,
        chlorides, and toxic  discharges of heavy metals by
        January 15,1974, and to reduce its discharge of sulfates
        and dissolved solids to levels that are  achievable with
        current pollution control technology by October 15,1974.
         Motor Vehicle  Control

        Regulations Announced

          EPA has announced that it has republished in the
        Federal Register all current applicable motor vehicle
        control regulations so that they will be available in one
        document. The various regulations and amendments,
        applicable beginning with the 1973 model year, have been
        published over the past years in several different issues
        of the Federal Register.  Now, for the first time, all
        regulations will be in one publication,  providing for
        greater ease in use.

         Chrysler Corporation

        Awarded Contract

          EPA Administrator William D. Ruckelshaus has an-
        nounced that a  contract has been awarded Chrysler
        Corporation  for  research  and  development  to resolve
        technical problems that now block the introduction of gas
        turbine auto engines that  could meet the 1976 Federal
        emission standards. A major goal of the competitively
        won contract, which will  be incrementally  funded as
        progress on the project  warrants, and which  may
        ultimately involve  government expenditures of  $6.4
        million, is to determine whether the gas turbine powered
        automobile can be made competitive with the  con-
        ventional internal combustion engine in fuel economy,
        performance, reliability, and potential mass production.
        This is  the first contract  in the EPA  advanced power
systems program  that  has  been awarded  to  an
automobile manufacturer.
EPA Announces Guidelines For

Wastewater Discharges
  EPA has announced proposed guidelines for approval
of State  programs to issue permits  to regulate
wastewater discharges into rivers and lakes. This was
the first formal action taken by the Agency to implement
the recently enacted Federal Water Pollution Control Act
of l972.The legislation established a national system of
permits  to  control  discharges by  industries,
municipalities, and other point sources of pollution. State
programs to issue permits must be approved by EPA as
meeting a number of requirements set forth in the new
Federal law.


 Erosion and  Sediment  Control

 Guidelines Published

  Publication of the first Federal guidelines to control
erosion and sediment, the top volume pollutant of the
nation's waters, has been announced by the Environ-
mental Protection Agency. The publication, "Guidelines
for Erosion  and  Sediment  Control   Planning and
Implementation," prepared by EPA's Office of Research
and Monitoring, is designed as a manual for con-
structors, local officials, and other involved with urban
and suburban development. The 228-page publication is
available for $1.75 from the U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. The report is EPA - R2-
72-015, August, 1972.


 EPA Issues Guidelines To

 Auto Manufacturers

  On November 15 EPA issued  revised guidelines to
automobile manufacturers for submitting requests for a
one year suspension of the 1975-76 auto emission stan-
dards  required by the Clean Air Act of 1970. The Act
authorizes the  Administrator to grant  a one-year
suspension of the 1975 and 1976 standards under certain
conditions. In March and  April of this year, EPA
received requests for suspension of the guidelines from
Volvo, International Harvester, General Motors, Ford,
Chrysler, and American Motors. Those requests were
denied by Ruckelshaus on May 12 because the companies
failed to produce sufficient evidence that they could not
comply with the standards. The revised guidelines issued
on November 15 apply to any application or reapplication
by manufacturers seeking suspension of the 1975 stan-
dards, as well as to new applications filed after January
1, 1973, for suspension of the 1976 standard.

                                       PAGE 9

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BUSINESS
  THE   SAGA   OF   CHRYSLER'S
  66
CLEAN"FOUNDRY
                   by James Wargo

   Reprinted  with  permission of MBA.  The Master In
 Bus/ness  Admfnfstrat/on.  Copyright  1972  by  MBA
 Communications,  Inc.
  Reprinted with permission of MBA, The Master in Business
 Administration. Copyright 1972 by MBA Communications, Inc.
  In 1964, Chrysler Corporation, ignoring the advice of its own
 engineers  and outside consultants,  announced plans for  the
 construction of a new foundry within a residential area on the
 east side of Detroit. The claims were extravagant. The one most
 frequently heard was that the plant would be pollution - free. It
 would have to be - rarely had a major foundry been planned so
 close to private homes.
  Some people took  the claim at face value.  In May, 1967,
 Factory Magazine named it one of its "Top Ten Plants of the
 Year," citing specifically the lengths management had gone to
 protect the environment around the .plant.
  What the editors of Factory overlooked was that less than 30
 days after the plant had gone into limited de-bugging operations
 in October of  1966, occupants of the small, orderly homes im-
 mediately across Huber Avenue, on which  the foundry is
 located, began filling complaints against it.
  By the time the awards issue of Factory appeared, more than
 two dozen residents of the Huber community were threatening
 court action^ Today,  six years after start-up, Chrysler is still
 mired in lawsuits over the Huber foundry. Its attorneys like to
 think the end of litigation will come this fall. But attorneys for
 the residents  like to  think they are just getting started.
  How did it happen that a so-called "clean" foundry was ever
 sited next to a residential community? And what ever became of
 the equipment that was meant to make that foundry "clean"?
 " The answers are really lessons. Chrysler has learned them at
 a cost of millions. Others can benefit from Chrysler's bad dream
 and save themselves the same amount or more.
  According to Chrysler's official press release, the Huber
 Avenue location  was selected because the company already
 owned the land, the  site was adjacent to two other Chrysler
 production facilities, skilled labor was plentiful, and there were
 excellent rail connections to other Chrysler plants within a 30-
 mile radius.
 Deal with Detroit
  Jerome Cavanagh, at that time mayor of Detroit, tells  it a
 different way. According to his version, he learned towards the
 end of his first term that Chrysler was planning to abandon an
 antiquated foundry on the east side and relocate production in
 an  Ohio suburb.
  At that time Detroit hadn't seen any new heavy industry for 11
 years, and many other existing plants were cutting back or
 closing down. The relocating of Chrysler's foundry would  idle
 another 2,500  Detroit workers.
  Cavanagh soon learned that Chrysler's main objection to any
 site in Michigan was a special state tax on jigs, dies, tools and
 fixtures. He felt he had enough political clout with the state
 legislature  to suspend the tax. Would  Chrysler, he inquired
 through channels, build in Detroit if he could get the tax lifted?
  No, came the reply, if the  tax were removed Chrysler would
 probably build in nearby Warren, Michigan. Cavanagh applied
 personal pressure on Chrysler executives, and they relented.
 The Detroit bloc in the legislature succeeded in getting the tax
 lifted and Chrysler soon dropped plans for an Ohio foundry.
 Designing a clean foundry
  Actually Chrysler had reservations about the site other than
 the taxes.  Across the street from what became the main en-

 PAGE 10
                                                   trance to the foundry was a neighborhood of lower middle class
                                                   whites, primarily of central European ethnic origin. While they
                                                   were good neighbors to a nearby Plymouth assembly plant, was
                                                   it possible they could get to know and love a foundry as well?
                                                     Chrysler engineers said no. Chrysler consultants said no.
                                                   Common sense said no. But Cavanagh said he had a man,  Mort
                                                   Sterling, in the city's air pollution control bureau who would sit
                                                   in on  planning sessions to guide  Chrysler in equipping the
                                                   foundry with  those systems which would best  protect the
                                                   residents. Every pollution control system adopted had Sterling's
                                                   stamp of approval.
                                                     In early spring  of 1967, the  Huber  foundry went to  work
                                                   producing  engine blocks, heads, flywheels,  brake-disks and
                                                   crankshafts.  Casting operations were fed by two  enclosed,
                                                   water-cooled cupolas, each 108 inches in diameter and rated at
                                                   50 tons per hour, along with five 100-ton holding furnaces.
                                                     High-noise  areas  were protected  by extensive  sound-
                                                   deadening devices. An  exhaust system, aided  by 33 dust
                                                   collectors, was to have provided a complete in-plant change of
                                                   air every eight minutes without discharging dust to  the neigh-
                                                   borhood.
                                                   Outwardly clean
                                                     The outside of the plant, fronting Huber Avenue, was designed
                                                   windowless, but is clean-cut and attractive. To this day it can
                                                   pass as a long, but not unattractive suburban office structure,
                                                   set 36 feet in  from the sidewalk and fronted with a carefully
                                                   manicured, treed lawn.
                                                     Unfortunately,  with  the  exception of the  trees, hardly
                                                   anything that was designed to make the plant a good neighbor
                                                   functioned as planned. Chrysler engineers think they know why,
                                                   and their reason is a good one.
                                                     Their theory: the plant was too advanced. Many  of the en-
                                                   vironmental systems were simply not designed to  work that
                                                   close to a residential community. And because environmental
                                                   concerns were not commanding as much  attention  in 1964 as
                                                   they were today, some of the systems purchased were, in effect,
                                                   ordered out of catalogues - Chrysler was the first to  buy them.
                                                   When these systems malfunctioned, the suppliers were  at as
                                                   much of a loss to  explain what was wrong as were Chrysler
                                                   personnel. As for the neighbors, they really didn't give a damn.
                                                   They were going to court. At least 328 of them are still there.

                                                    Raw smoke and dust
                                                     The first things  to go wrong were two massive  105-inch fans
                                                    installed to pull gas through the dust collectors. Within days of
                                                    their first usage they began vibrating. Welds at the base  of the
                                                    blades would  break, causing noise that was annoying as far as
                                                    several blocks away. To kiU the noise the fans were shut off.
                                                    Since Chrysler was depending on the foundry for vital parts,
                                                    operations continued while raw smoke and dust billowed  out to
                                                    settle over the neighbors.
                                                     After each failure there would be a meeting with the supplier
                                                    ending  with the same conclusion - that the welds had been
                                                    faulty. In 14 months five replacement fans were ordered. Soon
                                                    after installation, the breakdown process would begin again. In
                                                    addition, the fans were turned on and off so often that  the motors
                                                    wore out.  Bigger,  more costly motors were ordered.
                                                     After the fifth fan failure it was determined by  an outside
                                                    consultant that the welds had been okay all along - but that the
                                                    fan housing was poorly designed. It was of such a shape that it
                                                    compressed the air before releasing it. The constant pulsing set
                                                    up a rocking motion in the blades which in turn caused them to
                                                    wobble and break. More than a year and a half after the first
                                                    blade broke a new housing design abetted by tapered blades was

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put into operation, solving the problem.
  But other problems, sometimes more easily solved, continued
to plague the pollution control equipment for another two years.
Each time one of the failures occurred, antipollution equipment
would be shut down and billowing smoke would again blanket
the neighborhood.  The last cupola breakdown occurred in June,
1970, four years after the plant opened.
The  mysterious hum
  While the worst  noise problem was fixed in 1968, grumblings
continued about a hum. For months Chrysler officials dismissed
these as crank complaints because they could hear nothing. The
complaints continued, however, so Chrysler put some engineers
on the job of figuring out why. They came back with nothing, yet
residents continued to complain of a humming noise.
  Eventually Chrysler  hired an  accoustician who went from
house to house interviewing complainants. An inquisitive man
with an open mind, he was willing to consider all factors. After
several months he determined that those complaining found the
hum most annoying at night. Checking their bedrooms he found
that most measured 12 feet in width, or close to it. His ruling ...
the sound-deadening chamber above the new  fans with their
tapered  blades was emitting a pure  tone  with a  12-foot
wavelength. Anyone within two miles trying to sleep in a 12-foot-
wide bedroom was being slowly  driven off the scope.
  Thinking the solution was within grasp, Chrysler broke into
the sound deadening chamber to install different baffles only to
find that the original baffles, glass fiber wrapped with mylar,
had deteriorated from the surges of heat experienced with each
fan breakdown.
Space-age solution
  No longer sure that the heat  surges  were  containable,
Chrysler searched for  a new means of wrapping the baffles.
Normal suppliers could offer nothing able to  tolerate the 600
degree F blasts.  But an  article  on space-age  technology led
Chrysler to Du Pont which had developed a plastic that could
take up to 750 degrees F. Du Pont was willing to sell Chrysler as
much as it wanted, but mentioned as an afterthought that no
means of sealing the stuff existed. Chrysler people went  into
their labs, devised their own sealing method, and then encased
the newly wrapped, nearly designed baffles in stainless steel
boxes. It worked, Lapsed time:  about a year.
  Concurrently,  other  Chrysler engineers were  working to
correct a flaw in  Huber's  auxiliary dust-collection system.
Originally all 33 collectors were interconnected. When a single
one broke down, the option was either to shut down the entire
foundry or to keep working while dust poured out into the neigh-
borhood. The obvious solution - and one which could have been
avoided in the initial  plant design - was to  sectionalize the
system so that  malfunctioning  units could be bypassed. In
carrying this out  it  was discovered  that butterfly valves
originally designed to permit manual adjustment of dust flow
had worn out because of the frequent adjustments needed.
   The butterfly valves  were replaced with pinch valves in late
 1968. Limited failures of small groups of collectors continue to
 be experienced, sometimes as frequently as once every six or
eight weeks, but  they  have  been mild in comparison with the
original ones and Chrysler, although not necessarily the neigh-
 bors, regards the problem as solved.
 The rotten egg smell
   Some 18 months after the plant went into operation, residents
 began complaining of noxious odors. The rotten egg smell. Like
 everything else, it got worse. Chrysler checked each venting
 point under different conditions  to trace the source of the foul
 air. Again a team of consultants was brought in. After several
 months they could only  reduce the possible source to  four
 auxiliary stacks  over  the core room.
   For a while it was  assumed that one  of the vegetable by-
 products used in  the core process was the cause, but months of
 experimentation  got them nowhere. Finally, unable to isolate
 and stop the specific  odor, Chrysler gave in and ordered an
 activated charcoal system for the vents instead. It went into
 operation in July of this year with Chrysler officials crossing
 their fingers. The system, very expensive for a plant the size of
 the Huber foundry, is even more costly to operate. Moreover, it
 was ordered without knowing the precise problem it was meant
 to correct.
  The attorney for the majority of the complaining neighbors
confided to a reporter that some of his client admitted the odor
problem had abated since the new equipment was installed. But
the admission came a  week  before the activated charcoal
system  was put into operation!
  While Chrysler's engineers and consultants were working to
solve  each problem that came up,  the  residents were com-
plaining and suing. Top Chrysler executives were  frequently
confronted by the residents, by Mort Sterling (who in time was
made head of the Wayne county air pollution control office into
which his old office was incorporated), city councilmen, and a
now-new mayor... all wanting to know what Chrysler was doing
about the  problem at Huber.
  With each such visit or contact, Chrysler spokesmen tried to
simplify the involved and frustrating work being conducted to
resolve each main cause of complaint. The language  was so
complex, however, that the only thing a complainant would get
out of it was, "We're doing everything we can" - an answer that
rang increasingly hollow.
Monetary settlements.
  When the fan weld problem was at its peak, Chrysler engaged
Ottawa Appraisal Services to assess damages on neighborhood
cars and nouses.  Many people were paid for their damages and
a  goodly  number  got sore as hell because  they  didn't get
anything.
  It was at this point that the neighobors began  pooling their
grievances and  formulating a class action suit that  is  still
sputtering today. The first person they went to was, of course,
Mort Sterling, the people's recourse  for air pollution problems.
This is the same Mort Sterling who sat in on the planning of the
foundry, who understood the complex nature of each break-
down, and the long road to each solution. His problem boiled
down to one of  keeping the  citizens happy without unfairly
penalizing a company that was  doing  all it could to  solve
problems for which it wasn't solely responsible in the first place.
After all,  Chrysler originally wanted to  build in Ohio.
Mort Sterling's solution
   In October of  1971  Sterling found  his out. He sued Chrysler
under the Michigan Environmental Protection Act, scant hours
after the law went into  effect. This is a revolutionary law. It
permits anyone to sue anyone else they regard as damaging the
environment. An almost identical version has been proposed in
Washington by  Michigan  Senator  Phillip Hart.  Under  the
Michigan law only civil action can  be brought. You can get a
polluter to stop, but you can't get him fined.
   Sterling said he sued Chrysler to "get in writing (Chrysler's)
oral agreement to shut down whenever equipment breakdowns
occurred."  Chrysler had been doing this for several months
prior to Sterling's action. According to others, however, Sterling
felt that by using the new Michigan  law he could placate those
demanding not sympathy but  action and at the same time not
increase the pressure on an already overburdened Chrysler.
   Harried Chrysler officials were reluctant to view Sterling's
motives so simply, and company attorneys  took great  pains in
preparing and arguing any agreement they would consent to.
They waited too long. According to a member of Sterling's staff,
 "We  were within two paragrphs of an agreement" when the
 Huber 328 jumped in with both feet, properly entering the case
as intervenors.
   They had one goal in mind: to force into the court's decree an
 admission from Chrysler that it had wrongfully polluted the
 neighborhood. With this admission on  the  books, it would be
 child's play to get Chrysler to pay the claimed damages  to
 health and property damages in a suit the 328 had aleady filed in
 another court.
 Consent decree  signed
   After intervenors had blocked the signing of the settlement for
 more than a month, Chrysler  attorneys appeared at a hearing
 and moved that  the admittance of the intervenors to the case be
 reconsidered. Sterling   rose  and  uttered  token  opposition,
 following which the judge granted the Chrysler motion and the
 settlement was  signed.
   The settlement established a binding policy for cupola shut-
 down and outlined an extensive maintenance program. Both
 Sterling and Chrysler attorneys agreed that the entire program
                      continued on next page
                                              PAGE 11

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             continued  from previous page

was  in effect even before Sterling  had sued under the  en-
vironmental protection law.
  That settlement was signed in October of last year. The Huber
328 continued their case. In June of this year it went to a jury,
which found Chrysler to be culpable for all damages traceable to
its plant emissions up to June, 1970.
  That would seem to settle the case. Unfortunately there is a
rather large discrepancy between what the plaintiff thinks the
jury said and what Chrysler attorneys feel was decided.
  The attorney for the plaintiffs thinks the  decision included
damage to health and he  is prepared  to argue each case in-
dependently, each one taking a weekor more.Over at Chrysler,
the jury's  ruling is  regarded as  relating solely  to property
damages, and they delight in noting that a sizable number of the
Huber 328 didn't reside there until after June, 1970.
  It's a difference that a court must resolve, and it's one of those
things that can drag on and on... as the Huber Foundry case has
already done for almost eight years.
Racial overtones
  The local press in Detroit, which has never once reported that
Chrysler originally opposed building in the city, handles the
Huber affair as a straight environmental story. Chrysler has
dirtied the air and corroded houses and cars - and the people
want payment.
  Just as Chrysler's $3 million struggle to make a "clean" plant
clean is ignored so do some nuances in the plaintiffs' motivation
go  uncommented upon. The residents were assumed to be
motivated solely by  a desire for a pollution-free neighborhood
until the  spring  of  last  year,  when  the  Federal  Mousing
Administration announced it would cease guaranteeing loans on
homes in the Huber area because of industrial pollution. The ban
was subsequently limited to Huber Avenue and the street behind
it. Other homes in the area, the revised FHA ruling said, would
               High  Water
                 (Continued from page 5)
 saturated. When it freezes this winter any precipitation
 will run off into the lakes.
   "But rather than say it's going to be higher," he adds,
 "let's put it this way. If we had normal precipitation this
 winter, the levels of the  lakes change so slowly that we
 would again have high levels next summer."
   He said the lake water levels do go up and down ac-
 cording to seasons. "They go down in the winter when
 we're having freezing and snow because the runoff from
 the land in the lake basins is retarded. When the snow
 melts in the spring the runoff goes into the lakes and they
 rise."
   The General picked up a set of charts prepared by the
 Lake  Survey  Center of the  National  Oceanic  and
 Atmospheric Administration, which was once the Lake
 Survey District of the Corps of Engineers.
   Zeroing in on the Lake Michigan chart he said, "Here
 we are in November. Now predictably well get a drop
 this winter, and then we'll start up again. So the issue is
 whether the peak next summer will be higher or lower
 than the peak this last summer, and I would say that that
 is governed primarily by the amount of snow we get this
 winter."
   The Division Engineer said this prediction isn't based
 on any premonition about weather. "It's assuming that
 we have average precipitation. The prediction is based
 on the way the water is routed through the Great Lakes.
 It starts at Lake Superior. These charts simply predict
howthe water will flow  down through the lakes if rainfall
 and snow are average."
       (To be continued in the January Edition.)
 PAGE  12
be eligible for  loan guarantee provided the buyer signed a
release stating  awareness of industrial pollution in the area.
With that development, protests against the foundry took on a
new stridency.
  The FHA release did not specify the foundry. There is ample
evidence that other plants in the area contribute substantially to
the neiborhood's periodic blanket of dust. Umbrage from the
residents, however, was vented solely at the foundry.
  The FHA, by  its ruling, denied to the residents of the Huber
area their one hope of selling their homes for anywhere near the
value they themselves put on them. Being in an area long zoned
for heavy industry, their homes  are now among the  least
desirable in the eyes of any prospective buyer.
  The children of the ethnic  groups are moving to the suburbs,
leaving only the poor to buy their old places with the aid of
federal housing subsidies. Since January of this year,  eight
welfare  recipients  buying  homes in  the  Huber area  have
defaulted and abandoned their homes, leaving them destined for
demolition by the government. It is for the old timers in the
Huber area the end of the neighborhood, the end of an era; and,
since the foundry was the last thing to arrive on the scene before
they noticed the change was irreversable, they are placing the
blame solely on Chrsyler.

  Thus it is understandable why the counsel  for the plaintiffs
confides off the record that as soon as he finishes collecting for
health damages he intends to launch action to get Chrysler or
the government to buy all the homes in the area and then tear
them  down to create a buffer zone.
  How far he gets remains to be seen. He himself admits that
several of his clients have  lost interest, moved out, and that
there is no way for his client  base to grow.

  One top Chrysler executive, when asked what advice he would
give to anyone searching for a site for a foundry, replied, "I'd
tell him to get  in his car and drive, and drive, and drive."
  There is scarcely a city in the United States that is not
mourning the fact that business and industry are fleeing to the
suburbs. In each one of these cities is a mayor or a chamber of
commerce breathing into the ear of the captains of local in-
dustry, trying to  get them to expand, or at least to remain, in
town.

  Chrysler bowed to just such pressure in 1964 and has been up
to its ears in litigation ever since. There is no doubt a solution to
the problems of both the Detroits and the Chryslers. But, as has
been learned from the Huber Avenue experience, these solutions
must be proceeded toward  very, very carefully.
  "The attorney... confided... that some of hi* clients admitted
 the odor problem had abated since the new equipment was in-
 stalled. But the admission came a week before the activated
 charcoal  system was pat into operation!"
  More Solid Waste Literature

               (Continued from page 3)

 York",  "Effective Technology for Recycling Metal,",
 "Recycling: Where  Are We? Where Are We Going?",
 "National Priorities For Recycling", and "A Suggested
 Solid Waste and Resource Recovery Incentives Act."
 For further information write the Association at  330
 Madison Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10017.
   "Non-Returnable Pop and Beer Containers: A Threat
 to the  Environment and an Expense to Consumer", a
 pamphlet available  from the Eau Claire Area  Ecology
 Action, UW-X Eau Claire, Eau Claire, Wisconsin 54701,
 free of charge with a self-addressed, stamped envelope.
   We will  appreciate being notified of any additional
 publications we may have overlooked.

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NEWS:
  Four high schools in the Chicago suburban
area now have computer sensors on their roofs
to keep a full-time eye on air  pollution. The
high schools are Niles North in Skokie, Proviso
West in Hillside, Bloom Township in Chicago
Heights  and  Thornton Fractional South in
Lansing. The sensors will continually measure
sulphur  dioxide, dust in  the air,   carbon
monoxide, smog, and  wind  speed and direc-
tion. They are hooked up to an  IBM System-7
computer in the County Building in downtown
Chicago  and  will  be  operational in  a  few
months, according  to Samuel  G.  Booras,
director of the  Chicago Department of En-
vironmental Control.
  Commonwealth Edison Company's costs for
environmental  control facilities  will  total
about $85 million  for 1972,  according  to  J.
Harris Ward, chairman. The company, which
serves the Chicago area, will have spent about
$250 million for environmental control since
1929, according to Ward.  He said  about $325
million more will be spent over the next five
years.
   The  Illinois  Appellate  Court,  in  a  far-
 reaching decision, has stripped the state of its
 power  to  fine  polluters  in  variance  cases.
 Judges of the second district  ruled that  the
   New publications available from the Office of Public
   Affairs, One North Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois, 60606.

   The Electrical Power Industry and The Environment, an
   address by William  D. Ruckelshaus.

   The Crisis of Trust and the Environmental Movement, an
   address by John R.  Quarles, Jr.

   The Economic Impact of a Cleaner Environment, and
   address by Thomas  E. Carroll.

   Agriculture and the Environment, and address by John L
   Buckley.

   Action - Citizen Action Can Get Results

   Catalyst for Environmental Quality, and interview with
   William 0. Ruckelshaus.

   Midwest  Environmental Directory - W2.
Illinois Pollution Control Board no longer may
impose money penalties as a  condition of a
variance,  according  to  stories  in  recent
editions  of major  Chicago  newspapers.  The
court said that the board may impose fines
only  in  enforcement  cases,  when  formal
complaints are brought by the state or private
parties.

  David P. Currie has resigned as chairman of
the Illinois Pollution Control Board. Currie, 36,
has headed the five-member, full-time board
since it was created in 1970.  He is leaving the
$35,000-a-year post to return to teaching at the
University of Chicago Law School where he is
a specialist in environmental law. Currie was
the principal drafter of the state's 1970 En-
vironmental Protection Act and  served as
Goy.  Richard B.  Ogilvie's co-ordinator  of
environmental quality before the state board
was created.
  The  Chrysler  Corporation  is  installing
facilities to eliminate improper air emissions
and to provide new liquid waste control at its
Twinsburg, Ohio, Stamping Plant. Chrysler
said the new facilities will provide permanent
safeguards against sulphur  dioxide  and
participate emissions on the one  hand  and
accidental  discharge of  oil  bearing  liquid
wastes on the other.
  Two New Films From Region V EPA...

  "Get Together". The first film about environmental
  cleanup in the Midwest. Produced by the Region V Office
  of Public Affairs. Shows activities in Franklin, Ohio,
  Warsaw, Indiana, Detroit, Chicago, and other midwestem
  cities. 28 minutes, color, sound.

  "Come Learn With Me". Documentary film especially for
  teachers, showing a radically different approach to En-
  vironmental Education based on "learning by doing".
  Produced in cooperation with the Cleveland Institute for
  Environmental Education, which developed the
  nationally  recognized  TWon Curriculum  Guides. 14
  minutes, color.

  Both films are  available  free through  MODERN
  TALKING PICTURES SERVICE,  INC., 160 East Grand
  Ave., Chicago, Illinois.  Order at  least three weeks In
  advance. Give alternate dates.
                                                                                     PAGE 13

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 CITIZEN  ACTION
Citizens  Meet  In  Bay   City
 To   Discuss   Lake  Huron
                            Development
Fran Falender
Sanford, Michigan
Housewife and Citizen
Area of concern:  Quality of Life
  She was there. So was a mason, bookstore manager,
farmer, retired teacher, VA appraiser, planner, x-ray
technician, toolgrinder, sporting goods manager,
salesclerk, orderly, secretary plus assorted engineers,
businessmen and  college students.
  Sixty-seven had registered. About 10 of them wished to
speak,  the others came to listen.
  The scene was  Delta College in Bay City, Michigan?
These  people had left warm homes on  a cold, early
December evening to drive through lightly snow-covered
streets.
  They were all defying the odds that show most people
don't think more than an hour or two into the future. They
were sitting in the Delta college auditorium, watching a
slide presentation by the Great Lakes Basin Commission
on how the planners view future development in the Lake
Huron basin.
  But they weren't just listening. They were talking for
 the record  also.  They were sharing their dreams and
 concerns with Frederick Rouse, chairman of the GLBC,
 member John Tull and State of Michigan representative.
  The slide program showed the residents of Bay City,
 Saginaw, and Midland that municipal growth will in-
 crease four times by the year 2020, that industrial growth
 will almost double and that power consumption will
 multiply by a factor of 26 times, not to mention a tripling
 of population growth.
  The residents were shown alternatives for wastewater
 control:  combined  sewer  separation,  storm  water
 treatment,  land  disposal,  zero  pollution  discharge,
 agricultural waste treatment.
  And they were  putting their own point of view across:
 Jim Falender, chairman of the Saginaw Valley chapter
 of the Sierra club told the group that the rush to build
 power plants has threatened many scenic areas. Robert
 Richardson, State Senator from Saginaw, expressed his
 constituents' concern  for the shoreline erosion that has
 resulted from high lake levels and resultant flooding. He
 called for  new  sports fisheries that provide for  the
 commercial as well as the sports fisherman and talked of
 the possibility of new state legislation regulating land use
 management.
  Marian Sinclair, representing  the  National  Inter-
 venors, asked the GLBC if it will be able to implement
 the  results of its findings, especially in the area of
 nuclear power development. She said there are too many
 examples of agencies gathering expensive data which do
 pot the end influence  their decision - making. She said
 she was talking primarily about issues involving atomic
 power plants.
  Richard Northrup,  head of Delta College's science
 division,  called  for  establishment of  a  permanent
regional planning authority with enforcement capability.
  Mr.  Winnifred  C. Zacharias,  who was representing
                                                   some 40 families with frontage on Lake Michigan talked
                                                   of the  new difficulties of  the "individual struggling
                                                   against change." "One of our main problems today," he
                                                   said, "is that of  the slow walker on the beach. He no
                                                   longer  has the beach  to himself. It has become the
                                                   playground of the motor escapees from our crowded
                                                   highways." He said he was referring to the proliferation
                                                   of new types of  off-road vehicles, like dune buggies,
                                                   snowmobiles, etc.
                                                     To the questions that occasionally came up during the
                                                   hearing about what if any effect this  study of Lake
                                                   Huron, along with studies of the other basins in the Great
                                                   Lakes will  have on decision makers, Rouse said, "One
                                                   thing we don't want is a pile of paper to sit gathering dust
                                                   when its finished. It's going to be up to you," he said, "to
                                                   keep the pressure on to make sure this study is used."
                                                     The Great Lakes Basin commission is a Federal State
                                                   organization of about 17 staff members plus a board
                                                   representating Federal and State agencies. It came into
                                                   business as a result of the Resources Planning Act of 1965
                                                   which divided the  country into hydrological divisions and
                                                   said that if the States wanted a super-water  resource
                                                   planning agency the U.S. would provide half the funds.
                                                     The commission came into being in 1967 and began the
                                                   massive task  of developing a framework plant. That's
                                                   what the people in Bay City and fourteen other Mid-
                                                   western towns have been looking at this fall during these
                                                   hearings.
                                                     After the hearings are completed,  says Rouse, the
                                                   GLBC staff will spend about 9 months incorporating the
                                                   remarks and editing a final report.
                                                     "If there's one theme that we have been hearing from
                                                   people throughout these hearings," says Rouse, "it's
                                                   been limit growth."
                                                     If you would like a copy of the framework study for
                                                   your area write: Great Lakes Basin Commission, City
                                                   Center Building 220 East Huron St., Ann Arbor, Michigan
                                                   48108  or call 313-763-3590. Ask for the  Public Affairs
                                                   Office.
                                                                                 by  Frank Corrodo

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             New  Gleam
             - continued from page  8
  The walls of the Ecology Center library are covered
with book shelves and U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency  posters. Many EPA publications as well as
numerous other books on environmental subjects are
available for reading, and some are for sale. Any profits
are plowed back into the GLEAM program.

The Recycling Program

  Outside the Center stands a row of dumpsters for
discarded paper, metal and glass which GLEAM collects
and sells to companies which recycle.  A nearby Public
Works building is used as a warehouse and drop site for
newspapers, magazines and other types of paper which
can be recycled and as a storage area  for tools used by
the group in its beautification projects.

  Two high school boys are employed by GLEAM to sort
the papers according to type and quality. They receive
$1.25 an hour for their work. They collect boxes from the
Post Exchange, keep their own time schedule and are
paid every two  weeks.

  After the paper is sorted and boxed it is transported
periodically to companies located nearby in rented Navy
trucks with volunteer drivers. One hundred pounds of
pure newspapers bring 60 cents and one hundred pounds
of mixed paper suitable for shingles and roofing bring 50
cents.

  A major source of paper for the Center is the Elec-
tronics Supply Office located on the base which contracts
for electronic equipment used by the U.S. Navy.  "This
office is one of the heaviest waste paper producers in the
Navy," said Commander Ahrens. "The director is an old
friend of mine, and I was able to convince him of the
merit of letting GLEAM assist him in disposing of all of
the paper his office produces."

   He says the whole command now has boxes located at
strategic points for dropping papers for GLEAM, and
many people there now even bring their old newspapers
from home.

   An old trailer which holds 12 tons of paper is used for
storage, and once a month the papers are taken to nearby
Waukegan for sale. The group pays for a tractor to pull
 the trailer to Waukegan and back, and the driver is a
 volunteer from the Public Works Center civilian force.

   Commander Ahrens points out that  the paper used to
 go directly to a sanitary landfill. "The government saves
 money with this arrangement because it doesn't have to
 dig as much landfill," he adds.

   GLEAM isn't limited to the Navy base as a source of
 paper for its recycling program. As a result of publicity
 in the news media in nearby communities,  people who
 dwell in those communities are driving their cast-off
 papers, cans and  bottles in for recycling.

 GLEAM Gets a Greenhouse

   In 1971, Special Services turned    over the base
 greenhouse and nursery to GLEAM,  and they are now
 operated strictly  with volunteer workers. Mrs.  Lani
Bayly, the wife of Captain Donald Bayly, Chief of Staff to
Admiral Kauffman, is in charge of the greenhouse, and
Chief Petty Officer Stull is in charge of the nursery.

  The greenhouse has two wings. One wing is used to
grow flowers for communityprojects, and the other wing
is used by the volunteers. The nursery is being used to
grow trees and shrubs for projects around the base. The
long-range goal is to provide trees  and shrubs  to all
sections of the base, including  housing areas.

  Last winter, GLEAM announced plans for a "Yard of
the Month contest beginning in April, 1972. Thousands of
tulip, hyacinth and daffodil bulbs were acquired and sold
to householders at near cost to kick off the contest which
was enthusiastically entered into by families on the base.
Winners were recognized with Yard of the Month signs.

Train Station Cleanup

  Probably  the most notable success in  the GLEAM
beautification program was  its effort to clean up the
Great Lakes train  station and the area  around the
station.

  Commander Ahrens said that when GLEAM went to
work on the train station it was surrounded by brush and
weeds, and the ground was covered with Utter and trash.
Advertising  billboards and garish neon  signs lined the
highway near the station and the main gate of the post. In
addition, he said, the station itself left something to be
desired.

  A new concessionaire took over the station and cleaned
it up. The building was painted, the railroad put up a new
sign, and a soft drink company was persuaded to take
down its old sign which was much the worse for wear and
to put up a new one.

  Volunteers cleaned up the litter and trash and cut the
brush. The billboards lining the highway were removed,
and GLEAM is presently planting shrubbery around the
station and the main gate.

  "This area around the main gate and the train station
was unsightly and it  gave the visitor a bad impression of
the post," says Commander Ahrens. "Cleanup of the
area should do a great deal to improve the image of the
Training Center."

  The concessionaire at the station is happy too because,
 according to Commander Ahrens, his business has im-
 proved since the cleanup.

   Despite   these  considerable  accomplishments,
 GLEAM members  know that  they  have  to pass their
 organization on to dedicated environmentalists in order
 to make GLEAM self-perpetuating. They also know that
 the leadership at Great Lakes must believe that the
 GLEAM program is important.
                                           •

   "Our most important concern is to make this program
 permanent here at Great Lakes," says  Commander
  Ahrens.  "Navy people tend to be transient due to the
  nature of the Navy's responsibilities and it's important
  that we pass the baton to those who will continue the
  work that we've started here."
                                         PAGE  15

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   REGION V PUBLIC REPORT is published monthly by the
   Office of Public Affairs, Region V Environmental Protection
   .Agency at One North Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606
   for distribution in the states of the Region (Illinois, Indiana,
   Ohio, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michigan.)
      Regional Administrator
      Direct or of Public Affairs
      Editor
      Art Director
 Francis T. Mayo
Frank M. Corrado
   Helen P. Stan-
     Ann N.Hooe
           Federal  Registers  with  Environmental Regulations
                    Published  Since November  21  Include:
                     November 2\
  KPA notice of hearings concerning  cancellation  of  DDT
registration
  Proposed implementation plant regulations; public hearing
  Public  availability  of  environmental impact statements
(CEQ >
                     November 23
  KPA announces filing of petition for, establishment of, and re-
exlcnsion of temporary tolerances
  EPA establishes tolerances for herbicide  and insecticide
residues
  EPA proposes establishment  of  tolerance for residue of
fungicide captain
                     November 23
  KPA proposes tolerance for the herbicide diuron
  EPA notices of tolerance petitions for a plant regulator and a
microbial  insecticide
  CEG lists and synopsizes environmental impact statements
                     November 30
  EPA notice of availability  of comments on Environmental
impact statements for period 11-1 through 11-15-72.
  Tolerances for pesticide chemicals in or on raw agricultural
commodities; coordination product of zinc ion and maneb
                     December 1:
  Interior  Dept. proposes rules to prevent extinction  and
depletion of marine mammals
  EPA  establishes  tolerances   for residues  of   pesticide
chemicals
  EPA notice proposing establishment of an exemption from the
requirement of a tolerance for residues
                          December 2:
       EPA issues interim tolerances for 13 pesticide chemicals CEQ
      notice on environmental impact statements from 11-20 through
      11-24-72.
       NOAA proposal on conservation and protection of marine
      mammals
                          December 5:
       EPA proposed guidelines for acquisition of information from
      owners and  operators of point sources  subject  to National
      Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
                          December?:
       EPA establishes tolerances for benomyl, and revises class of
      dinitrophenolic compounds
       EPA establishes temporary  tolerances  for leptophos
       1 SDA announces changes for  1973 Rural  Environmental
      Assistance Program
       AEC issues draft statement on proposed acceptance criteria
      for certain nuclear  power reactors
                          Decembers:
       EPA establishes tolerances for endothall
       Re-extension of EPA temporary  tolerances for an insecticide
      used on nuts and fruits
       State and local assistance grants for construction of water
      treatment  works
                          December 9:
       EPA rules on State compliance schedules, revisions and
      public hearings and emergency episode procedures

       Announcement of public meeting on Mobile Source Pollution
      Control Program
                                                                   Holiday
   FROM:
   Office of Public Affairs
   United States Environmental Protection Agency
   One North Wacker Drive
   Chicago, Illinois 60606
       Third Class Bulk-Rate
      POSTAGE AND FEES PAID
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

             EPA-335
PAGE

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