Region V Public Report
January, 1973
film crew: ETV covers the environment.
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Francis T. Mayo
A new philosophy is apparent in the water
legislation passed by Congress last October. The
thrust of the legislation is that pollution should be
prevented, rather than abated.
As a result of the legislation, changes are taking
place within EPA tending to create a more forward -
looking and action - oriented approach to pollution
control. Changes are taking place in every section but
are especially evident in EPA's planning activities.
For the first time, Congress has set a national goal
in the field of water quality control -- a goal that seeks
the elimination of pollution discharges into navigable
waters by 1985. In setting a national goal there is a
related impact on the planning process that the
legislation envisions for the accomplishment of the
goal. This planning requirement, which includes
wastewater management planning and a state con-
tinuing planning process, has now become a
legislative requirement rather than one that flows
from regulations.
Section 208 "Areawide Waste Treatment
Management" provides a requirement for regional
planning. EPA Administrator William D.
Ruckelshaus is currently in the process of
promulgating guidelines for the implementation of
this section. These guidelines should be available by
the end of January.
Following the promulgation of these guidelines
several significant actions are the responsibility of the
Governors of the States. They must identify, within 60
days of the publication of the guidelines, each area
within their state that has a substantial water quality
control problem. The Governor will also be respon-
sible for identifying the boundaries of each area, and
for designating a single representative organization
within the boundaries of that area that will be capable
of developing effective areawide waste treatment
management plans.
In a case where the Governor does not act, local
officials can act together to initiate the designation of
the boundaries of an area, and to designate the single
agencies that will have preliminary responsibility for
the development of the areawide water quality
PAGE 2
MAYO
Planning And The New
Water Legislation
management plans. In either case the Administrator
of EPA is responsible for approving both the boun-
daries of the area and the agency designated to do the
planning job.
In order to get the planning process underway, there
are some very short time constraints imposed by the
Amendments. Not later than one year after the
designation of any organization under this section,
that agency shall have in operation a continuing
areawide waste treatment planning process. The
initial plan, prepared in accordance with that process,
is to be certified by the Governor and submitted to the
EPA Administrator not later than two years after the
final process plan.
The Governor also has responsibility upon com-
pletion of the plans for designating one or more waste
treatment management agencies for each of the
problem areas, a selection to be approved by the
Administrator.
To carry out these programs the new legislation
provides for a maximum of 100 percent of the costs of
developing and operating a continuing areawide waste
treatment management planning process for three
fiscal years up to June 30, 1975. It also provides for up
to 75 percent of such costs in each succeeding fiscal
year.
The state's continuing planning process (Section
303e) will set the course of action for the state
programs. These plans prepared by the states and
oriented to river basins will include all pertinent
elements of areawide waste treatment management
programs. The plans will include effluent limitations
and schedules, previously part of water quality
standards.
The priority for cleanup will also be outlined in the
reports. Draft guidelines have been distributed for
this program. The close coordination required bet-
ween the water quality standards and the planning
process was the primary factor in transferring water
quality standards section to the Planning Branch.
cont, on page 14
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NEWS:
Textile Technology, Inc., an Indianapolis firm
which holds patents on a low-pollution fabric dyeing
process, has recently signed a contract with Japan's
Mitsui and Co., Inc., to permit Mitsui to market
technological developments and produce equipment
using TTI's revolutionary process.
The basis of the process, known as the CHROMA
series, is a new system developed by TTI 'employing
a "closed circuit" dyeing process involving solvents
such as perchlorethylene, rather than traditional
water processes. According to a spokesman for the
company, the use of solvent - based systems virtually
eliminates the need for use of large quantities of
water, making it possible for the first time to dye
fabrics without the serious water and air pollution
problems which have confronted the textile industry
for years.
The process also reduces both production and
capital costs, increases the speed of production by as
much as 400 percent, and produces brighter colors
with greater depth of shade.
Says TTI President Larry Durr: "The procedure we
followed (in disregarding traditional approaches to
eliminating pollution problems in dyeing) might be
likened to eliminating automobile pollution by
designing a totally new motor rather than tinkering
with the internal combustion engine."
EPA reports that sport fishing on the Ohio River is
on the upswing an antipollution campaigns begin to
clean the 981-mile waterway that flows from Pitt-
sburgh, Pennsylvania to Cairo, Illinois. Largemouth
bass, crappies, sunfish and bluegills are being caught
in greater numbers, and walleyes and an occasional
striped bass have been taken from the river. Game
fish concentrations decrease in areas of high
population and heavy industry and increase in
agricultural and forest areas.
Roger Latham, Outdoors Editor for The Pittsburgh
Press, reports similar improvement in fishing con-
ditions on Lake Erie: "Whenever I get to Lake Erie
anymore, or talk to fishermen who go there, the word
is that the water is now exceptionally clear and free of
pollution. And the fishing is improving all the time.
"I even heard that two commercial boats are fishing
out of Dunkirk, N.Y. - the first for a good many years.
"Walleyes are becoming more and more abundant
and the smallmouth bass are flourishing."
Mrs. Mary Lee Leachy, a Chicago lawyer, has been
appointed as the new Director of The Illinois EPA.
William L. Blaser, former EPA Chief, will leave
State government service and reactivate a
management consulting firm which he formerly
headed.
A memorandum of agreement has been signed
between the city of Boonville, Indiana and Southern
Indiana Gas and Electric Company (SIGECO) under
which the city will finance pollution control facilities
for SIGECO power plants and lease or sell them to the
company.
The company says the agreement will result in a
savings of $2-3 million to the consumer, who would
otherwise have had the interest cost on issuance of
corporate bonds passed on by the company in higher
kilowatt charges. The revenue bonds to be issued by
the city are tax-exempt.
The pollution control equipment will allow the power
plant to be generated solely by coal, which is mined in
the Boonville area. _
Two public hearings are yet to be held in a series of
five scheduled by the Illinois Pollution Control Board
on proposed regulations to control water and air
pollution from animal wastes on farms. Hearings will
be held on January 26 at the Municipal Building in
Jacksonville, Morgan County, and on February 1 at
the Holiday Inn in Marion, Williamson County Rock-
ford, Galesburg, and Urbana were sites of three
earlier hearings. __
All phosphate detergents were to be removed from
grocery shelves in Indiana on January 1 to implement
th nation's toughest antiphosphate law, under a ruling
by the Indiana Stream Pollution Control Board.
The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency has ap-
proved a legal agreement with Reserve Mining
Company of Silver Bay, Minnesota to reduce air
pollution from the company's taconite processing
plant by at least 85 percent and possibly as much as 99
percent over the next 2% years.
The plant now emits about 100 tons daily of par-
ticulate matter from its 24 smoke stacks, in violation
of state air quality regulations.
Under the agreement the company will initially be
required to spend an estimated $3 million for process
modification at the plant, chiefly for installation of roll
screens for the plant's pelletizing machines. The
second phase of the clean-up procedure would call for
the installation of air recirculation equipment
throughout the plant resulting in an added 20 percent
reduction of participate emissions. Such recirculation
devices will be installed throughout the plant if proven
effective.
The Navy has awarded a $77,000 contract to the Dow
Chemical Company of Midland, Michigan to provide
interim phosphorus removal treatment for the Great
Lakes Naval Base wastewater treatment plant
located on Lake Michigan in Illinois.
This action by the Navy complies with rulings of the
Lake Michigan Enforcement Conference of Sep-
tember 19,1972. The contract with Dow Chemical will
bring the discharge from the treatment plant within
the guidelines for acceptable phosphate content level
for the lake.
State financial assistance for fighting water
pollution in Illinois will be expanded in scope to
provide funding for construction of sewage collection
systems as well as treatment plant improvements
already eligible, an action consistent with the Federal
Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972. The
new Illinois program recognizes that modern
wastewater treatment facilities are an incomplete
solution if systems for bringing wastes into the
treatment plant are inadequate.
PAGES
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cover story
earthkeeping
Nothing ever, ever goes away.
Mister Newton was a man who saw
It's impossible to beat the
Law that nothing goes away.
Had he known we've grown a bit insane
Wanting so much more than we can use
'Stead of dancing he would sing the
Blues that nothing goes away. . .+
So goes the songs that punctuates one of a series of
nine educational television programs on the en-
vironment. Conceived and produced during the past
year by Chicago's WTTW educational TV station,
EARTHKEEPING is on the brink of a national airing
during March and April.
The idea for EARTHKEEPING was conceived at
Channel 11 in Chicago. With funding from The Cor-
poration For Public Broadcasting, two series - six
general audience programs and three young peoples
programs - were produced.
WTTW's Sherry Goodman, project director for
EARTHKEEPING, explains:
"The series deal with values that are problematical
in pollution control. We make the assumption that the
audience already knows there is a pollution crisis, but
not necessarily why or what to do about it. In the
general audience series the purpose is to channel
environmental awareness toward appropriate ac-
tion."
The Young Peoples series of three half-hour
programs has been designed especially for ages nine
through fourteen. Goodman explains the approach as
an attempt to deal with the environmental crisis in
terms of attitudes and values, "an approach rarely
taken in current ecological curricula." The series of
learning experiences is designed to make available
useful information about the natural and man-made
environments, provide opportunities for hypostheses,
generate a will to act and provide suggestions for
participation - all in an entertaining format.
"Original animation, songs, actors, and films are
incorporated to make these exceptional programs,"
declares Goodman.
Production of the programs - which Goodman
describes as "behavioral, not scientific" - has been
completed and, in fact, Chicago will have the op-
portunity to preview the series late in January (see
-(-Original Lyrics and Music, Chicago Educational
Television Association, Copyright 1972.
PAGE 4
box). A promotional poster outlines what can be ex-
pected:
GENERAL AUDIENCE PROGRAM SERIES:
GREENBACKS
Economy vs. Ecology. The conflict, the trade-offs, the
dilemma.
LITTLE BIG LAND
Unplanned growth and its impact on the landscape
and natural systems and resources.
SODBUSTERS
Frontier values in an urban age.
MEGAPOLIS
The proliferating man-made environment, its driving
forces, its effect on man.
CITY LIFE
A big city is only as healthy as it is responsive to its
people's needs.
HELP YOURSELF
Our dynamic relationship with the environment. How
a citizen can affect its course.
YOUNG PEOPLES PROGRAM SERIES:
WHEELIES
... the car comes out of the earth before it comes out
of Detroit. . .
GARBAGE
. . .modern man's newly created resources. . .
something you can put your hands on. . .
US AND CHANGES
... you can't fool Mother Nature - Change is always!
The Form
The program format - originally planned to be that
of a variety show, using documentary footage,
animated film and show biz bits - developed into a
sophisticated, novel organizational principle.
Goodman explains, "What we have done is to create
a kind of 'Sunday Night At The Documentaries' - a
documentary with a story line that is punctuated by
other material, but which is a sequential, whole
statement nonetheless. It is a new approach, a new
form, drawn from television, intended for a television
audience."
The form of the EARTHKEEPING series is drawn
from the fragmentation of story line that charac-
terizes commercial television. Almost any half hour
on commercial television is a "fountain of images"
and WTTW educational television felt people have
come to expect and enjoy the that flow.
"Essentially what we have done in EAR-
THKEEPING is to take the form of SUNDAY NIGHT
AT THE MOVIES and build a non-fiction show out of
that time structure," explains Goodman. "Our
documentary story line - like the story of the movie -
-------
Pot Borey, Producer of the young people's series,
sefs up a shot with "Guru" Mike Nussboum for US
AND CHANGES.
is broken at logical points in the narrative. At each
break there is a visual punctuation mark. At the
break, instead of commercials, we present Second
City (a Chicago theater group) in pieces that comment
satirically on themes raised in the documentary part
of the show."
In addition to punctuation of the programs by
Second City presentations, WTTW has incorporated
interviews with a number of the nation's best known
scientists concerned with matters affecting the en-
vironment. Ecologist Barry Commoner and
economists Robert Heilbroner will discuss questions
of ecology vs. economy; the nation's best known
behavioral psychologist, B.F. Skinner, will relate
behavior and the environment. Others include
systems analyst Dennis Meadows on projections of
growth, Lewis Mumford on the urban environment,
historian Gordon Harrison on frontier values,
microbiologists J.J. Hazdra and Eric Brown on water
pollution and health, and architect Harry Weese on
new towns and old cities.
The Response
Because these are problgrams about values and
choices, Ms. Goodman hopes there will be an active
response on the part of the viewer. A viewer
willingness to act towards constructive change will be
encouraged through distribution of free materials
related to the programs. A tabloid newspaper --
EARTH TIMES -- will outline the programs, include
lists of available materials, environmental groups,
and publications on the environment, and will have a
center-fold EARTHKEEPING poster.
These materials will be available at the beginning of
February from educational TV stations broadcasting
the series.
Goodman emphasizes the importance of relating the
general information presented in the EAR-
THKEEPING series to environmental problems at the
local level. The use of an advisory committee of en-
vironmentalists from universities, government,
citizens groups, has assured that input into the
programs and desired viewer response would reflect
the needs and concerns of those involved in daily value
decisions discussed in EARTHKEEPING.
"Now we are urging environmentalists to get local
groups together to discuss these problems. We hope
neighbors will gather to watch the series in order to
bring about action. We will encourage teachers to ask
students to watch the series at home, and follow with
classroom discussion."
With excitement and a merited satisfaction, Sherry
Goodman and WTTW look forward to the previews,
promotions and national airing of EARTHKEEPING.
But, they say, "Environmental problems are complex
and will be with us for a long time. Thus, this series
should be viewed as a beginning for public television
and not the final word."
. . .So recycle everything you can
If we use resources more than twice
Sinking under trash will be a
Price we'll never have to pay.+
EARTHKEEPING
Preview for Chicago Area Environmentalists
Saturday, January 27,1973
10a.m. to I p.m.
all films will be run in order continuously all day for
location information and to indicate attendance.
Call July 583-5000
^.^ y
Jomes Taggert, M/T planner, demonstrates computer resources for problem solving.
PAGES
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government
Government Attacks Great
Lakes Shoreline Erosion
By William Omohundra
This article is the second part of a f wo-parf series on
high water and fhe shoreline erosion on fhe Great
Lakes. In fhe first part of fhe series, which appeared
in the December edition of fhe Region V Public Report,
Ma/. General Ernest Graves, Jr., Division Engineer for
What influence does the littoral current have on
shoreline erosion? General Graves says you definitely
get movement of beach material along the beach.
"The basic explanation for this generally is either a
strong littoral current or, and this is much more
frequent, its the angle at which the waves strike the
beach. Obviously, on the Great Lakes, this depends on
the wind because the waves on the lakes are wind-
generated."
Generally, because of prevailing winds, soft
material such as sand moves along the beach in one
direction or the other, according to the General.
"This is observed along the eastern shore of Lake
Michigan where the predominant movement is from
north to south," he says. "Now this leads to the con-
cept of whether any kind of structure that's built on
the beach interrupts this movement. There's no
question that it does."
He said it's possible to design structures so that they
interrupt the movement more or less, and to design
them so that the sane can be bypassed by various
techniques. The sand can also be bypassed by
dredging.
"It's quite evident that some of the structures built
here on the Great Lakes have interrupted the littoral
movement of sand and this has starved the beaches
down drift," he said.
Turning specifically to the breakwater at Michigan
City, Inc., which has come under fire recently for
causing heavy shoreline erosion, General Graves said,
"The Michigan City breakwater was first built in 1836
and completed in its present form in 1910. There is
severe erosion to the west of the Michigan City harbor.
We have made a (Section 111) study and concluded
that the harbor structures have caused erosion in what
would be called the shadow of the breakwater."
He said there is a very large accumulation of sand
on the east side of the breakwater, and that there has
been a gradual retreating of the shore on the west side.
"A bulkhead, which is a sheet pile wall, has been built
just to the west of Michigan City so that has stopped
the erosion at that point, but it's taking place farther
to the west and particularly it's taking place along the
shore of the town of Beverly Shores."
According to the General, file main problems at this
time are to agree on the best way to remedy the
situation and to obtain funds for the remedial work.
The Corps has proposed building some artificial
beaches in the area that have been experiencing the
most severe erosion.
PAGE 6
the North Central Division of fhe U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, discussed the problem and fhe Corps'
authorities for remedying the problem. In this edition
of fhe public Report, General Graves continues his
discussion of the problem and possible remedies.
"This goes back to what I was saying about a beach
being a good way to protect the shore. But the cost of
these beaches would total about $7 million," he says.
Because most of the shoreline in the Beverly Shores
area is part of the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore,
the Corps discussed with the Park Service the
possibility of funding by the Park Service, but neither
the Park Service nor the Corps has yet received
funding. General Graves said the matter of funding
was discussed with Great Lakes Congressmen at their
meeting Nov. 28 in Washington, D.C.
"As I said, our authority under Section 111 is limited
to $1 million. Well, the Michigan City problem is ob-
viously much bigger than that. We are trying to
complete as quickly as we can a study of a permanent
solution to this problem which could then be
authorized by Congress."
He said the Corps hoped to be able to finish the
report by the end of the 1974 fiscal year but that is
subject to funding. "The 1973 budget provides money
to begin the study but we must receive additional
funds in fiscal 1974 to get the study finished."
The General points out that beach nourishment or
building beaches as an immediate measure could be
authorized presumably without completion of the
study since that's a temporary measure that would
protect things until the study of the permanent
solution were completed and authorized.
He said the permanent solution will take more time
because the report has to be finished and it has to go to
Congress for authorization and then after that
Congress would have to appropriate the money for
construction.
If a decision were made to do the temporary beach
nourishment, he said, that could be started relatively
soon, as soon as the money were appropriated, but
that too requires Congressional action. "Neither the
Corps of Engineers nor the Park service has the
means to do this emergency repair work without
Congressional action."
General Graves said the National Park Service has
contracted with a firm, Theodore S. Leviton and
Associates, to study the problem on the Indiana Dunes
beach. "This firm has prepared a report which em-
phasizes the effect of currents on the beach. Leviton
believes the Michigan City breakwater creates tur-
bulent currents and that that's the main reason for the
accelerated erosion."
He said the Corps does not agree with the firm on
this point. "We think the problem is caused by a lit-
-------
toral drifting of sand and that the breakwater in-
terrupts this littoral drifting."
Both the Corps of Engineers and the National Park
Service are studying the Leviton report, but neither
organization has reached a final conclusion on the
problem, General Graves said the Corps will come to a
conclusion on the issue when it completes its study,
hopefully in 1974, designed to reach a permanent
solution.
The Division Engineer explained the resources
available for the study to develop a permanent
solution for the problem. "We have people in the
Chicago District of the Corps that have worked on
beach and shore protection on the Great Lakes for
some time. They're experienced engineers. We have
two men here in the North Central Division Office who
are quite expert. We also have in the Corps of
Engineers a Coastal Engineering Research Center
located in Washington which has some of the most
highly qualified people in this field in the whole United
States, I would say in the whole world."
He said if there's some aspect of the study on which
the Corps needs more help it won't hesitate to contract
for it, but that there are no plans to contract now.
He said the Corps has not closed its mind about the
desireability of changing the shape of the breakwater,
but that the Corps still believes that the main reason
that there is erosion is that we have interrupted the
littoral drift of sand. "If that's the case, then other
solutions are needed. The changing of the current will
not solve the problem because that won't provide for
the movement of sand."
Diverting Water From the Lakes
General Graves said the two lakes which have
regulating structures at their outlets, Superior and
Ontario, were approximately one-half foot above their
long-term average levels for the month of November.
The other three lakes, Michigan, Huron, and Erie,
which have open channel outlets, are approximately
two feet above their long-term average levels for this
time of year.
"Man can influence the levels of the Great Lakes to
some extent by regulation of the outlets of Lake
Superior and Lake Ontario and by diversions of water
into and out of the Basin," he said, "but the overriding
factor is the amount of precipitation."
He said this is because of the very large size of each
lake basin compared to the size of its outlet. For this
reason lake levels change slowly, and the present
levels are expected to persist for a year or two even if
precipitation returns to normal.
"It is important to recognize this situation in ad-
dressing the damage to the shoreline," he added.
He said it has been suggested that the situation
could be improved by cutting off the diversion of water
from the Albany River Basin into Lake Superior by
way of the Ogoki Project and Long Lake, by closing
the regulating gates at the outlet of Lake Superior, or
by increasing the diversion of water from Lake
Michigan down the Illinois Waterway at Chicago.
A diversion at Chicago wouldn't help much with the
overall problem. General Graves said the maximum
combined effect of cutting off the diversions into Lake
Superior and increasing the Chicago diversion would
be to reduce the level of Lakes Michigan and Huron at
a rate of less than 4 inches per year.
"If we adhere to the maximum level of Lake
Superior established by international agreement and
observed since 1914," he added, "the maximum ob-
tainable effect of closing gates at the outlet of Lake
Superior under present conditions would be to reduce
the level of Lakes Michigan and Huron by 4 inches.
"All of these matters are subject to international
agreement, and the Chicago diversion involves a
decision of the U.S. Supreme Court," he points out. He
said such ideas are appropriately the subject of a
study of lake levels now underway by the Inter-
national Joint Commission in response to references
from the two governments. The Commission has in-
dicated that the study will be completed next fall.
"These various ideas deserve condideration in the
context of a longrange regulation plan aimed at
coordinated regulation of the lakes to avoid extreme
high or low levels," he said, "but they are not very
effective as emergency measures to reduce lake
levels rapidly."
One of many cases where lake has eroded beaches.
PAGE?
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EPA AC
Pesticide Use Temporarily Okayed
EPA has permitted the continued use of the
pesticides Aldrin and Dieldrin pending the outcome of
a public hearing scheduled to begin next April.
This action follows a voluntary withdrawal by the
Shell Oil Company, sole manufacturer of technical
grade aldrin and dieldrin, of the registration of
products for fire and control and granules for termite
control. The primary uses of the two'pesticides to be
continued are soil treatment for corn and citrus fruit,
orchard trunk spraying, and foliage application on
certain fruits and vegetables.
The decision is in response to a May 1972 order of the
District of Columbias Federal Circuit Court of
Appeals which directed the Agency to review its
previous decision not to suspend the remaining aldrin-
dieldrin uses immediately.
ORSANCO RECEIVES EPA GRANT
EPA has approved a $195,800 grant to the Ohio River
Valley Water Sanitation Commission to assist it in
implementation of its Water Pollution Control
Program for Fiscal Year 1973. The grant is intended
to support the Commission's efforts in relation to its
member states and national strategy for the effective
reduction and elimination of water pollution in the
Ohio River and its tributaries.
In his letter to ORSANCO Chairman Edgar Henry,
Midwest EPA Regional Administrator Francis Mayo
noted with approval the Commission's intention to
proceed with a full appraisal of the present Ohio River
electronic monitoring program and to assess the role
which the Commission's activities should play in
relation to state and Federal monitoring activities.
EPA will participate in this appraisal.
Solid Waste Study Contract
For Minority Firm
EPA has awarded a $96,000 contract to Dimpex
Associates, Inc. of New York, a black-owned con-
sulting and research firm to study and make
recommendations for the correction of solid waste
problems in inner city areas.
The contract is part of EPA's stated goal of placing
nearly $10 million worth of procurements with
minority owned or controlled businesses during Fiscal
1973.
One inner city area in each of seven cities including
Chicago will be examined as to the kind and amount of
solid waste generated, the magnitude of the problem,
the efficiency of its collection, and the relationship
with other characteristics of the area such as
population density and income levels.
PAGES
Lead-Free Gasoline Required
By 1974
Final regulations requiring the general availability
at gasoline stations of at least one grade of unleaded
gasoline by July 1, 1974, have been promulgated by
EPA.
EPA has also reproposed annual reductions of lead
content in all other grades of gas, beginning January
1, 1975 and extending to January 1, 1978, for health
protective reasons.
The one grade of lead-free gas required by 1974 must
be of at least 91 Research Octane Number and must
also be phosphorus - free.
Davies Named Director
of Grosse lie Laboratory
Dr. Tudor T. Davies has been named Director of the
Gross lie Laboratory, Grosse He, Michigan, one of
nine associate labs in the National Environmental
Research Center - Corvallis research complex.
Dr. Davies will direct research and technical
development work related to the Great Lakes, in-
dustrial waste and dredging. He will also serve as
EPA coordinator of the International Field Year on
the Great Lakes which is an interdisciplinary study on
Lake Ontario being conducted jointly by the U.S. and
Canada.
Prior to his appointment, Dr. Davies served on the
special Projects Staff of EPA's Office of Research and
Monitoring in Washington, D.C. A native of Great
Britain, he recieved his bachelor's degree and doc-
torate in geochemistry form the University of Wales.
Comments Sought on Water
Quality Standards
EPA is seeking public comments on intrastate
water quality standards now under review as required
by the new water pollution control law.
The deadline for public comments is February 12.
Comments on interstate standards were accepted
until January 11. The 1972 Amendments require all
states and territories to have intrastate water quality
standards - in addition to interstate standards
previously required by law - to protect their interior
waters. (See "Planning and the New Water
Legislation" page 2)
Lasers Used to Trace Air Pollution
The use of laser beams for remote optical finger-
printing of the air pollutant sulfur dioxide is being
investigated by the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology under a $174,000 EPA one-year contract.
In the first stage of the project a tiny semiconductor
diode laser recently developed at MIT's Lincoln
-------
TION
Laboratory is being used to measure experimentally
how much sulfur dioxide and participate matter are
present in smoke stack gases.
By shining the light from the one-millimeter - long
device off a retroreflector, it is possible to measure
the amounts of pollutants present. Normally a sensing
devide must be placed in the stack itself to measure a
pollutant. EPA also hopes to use this method for
remote sensing of effluents entering the ambient air.
EPA Extends Time For Farm
Regulation Comments
EPA is extending the time for public comment on
procedures for obtaining wastewater discharge
permits by agriculture until January 20.
EPA proposed forms for obtaining wastewater
discharge permits by agriculture, forestry and fish
farms on December 5, 1972. The Federal Water
Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 require
each discharger to apply for a permit within 180 days
of the enactment of the law, which was on October 18,
1972.
The Agency is especially interested in comments
and information from persons who engage in
agriculture but whose operations may have only an
intermittent, infrequent, or small discharge with little
or no effect upon the quality of any water.
Interim Authority Granted
to Ten States
Interim authority has been granted to ten states to
issue permits for the discharge of wastewater into
navigable waters. The ten states to receive this
authority are California, Georgia, Iowa, Michigan.
Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Oregon and
Washington.
Under the new Federal Water Pollution Control Act
Amendments of 1972, cities, industry and agriculture
must have permits for discharging wastewater.
Interim authority is granted to a state which has the
capability of administering a permit program which
will carry out the objective of this act. Since the in-
terim authority expires on March 18, the EPA will
assume authority for issuing permits at the end of the
interim period unless final approval of state programs
to issue permits on a permanent basis is granted by
then.
Air Case Appeal
The EPA is seeking a Supreme Court appeal of the
recent District Court decision in the case of Sierra
Club vs. Ruckelshaus. EPA is appealing the decision
due to a number of complex issues involved. That
decision required EPA to promulgate regulations
preventing "significant deterioration" of air quality in
areas where the air is already cleaner than required
by Federal standards. EPA has contended that the
Clean Air Act of 1970 does not require significant
deterioration provisions in the state im-
plementation plans.
EPA Contract Awarded
to Chicago MSD
EPA has awarded a $15,000 contract to the Greater
Chicago Metropolitan Sanitary District (MSD) for a
training program in waste treatment operation
designed to upgrade skills of twnety-three employees.
The purpose of the program is to provide skilled
manpower in an area where there is a critical need for
non-professional, trained personnel. The 22-week
course is the third of its kind held by the MSD since
1969 under interagency agreements betwen EPA and
the funding agencies.
EPA Approves Six Water Supplies
in Region V
EPA has classified six water supplies in Illinois as
having met established Federal standards for use by
interstate carriers. They are the cities of Des Plaines,
Peoria, Lemont, Moline, Wood River and Belleville.
The water supplies from which carriers take the
water which they serve to passengers must meet
standards set by EPA under Federal quarantine
regulations. The EPA classifications are part of a
continuing inspection program by the Agency
assisting the US Food and Drug Administration with
its responsibility for certifying water carried by in-
terstate carriers. Eighty-five water supplies are
presently approved under the program.
Water Pollution Control Grants
Grants have been made to the states of Indiana and
Minnesota by EPA to support water pollution control
programs during the 1973 fiscal year.
A $241,400 grant to Minnesota was approved on the
basis of suitability of the state's goals and feasibility
of accomplishing them. Early in 1973 the adequacy
and capability of Minnesota's water quality sur-
veillance system will be evaluated. Additional grant
funds of $79,900 have been set aside for the state's
water pollution control needs.
Indiana's $360,100 grant is expected to insure the
state of having enough resources to accomplish
mutually agreed upon environmental objecties. An
additional $105,900 has been reserved for further
assistance to the Indiana Stream Pollution Board in
cont. on page 15
PAGE 9
-------
citizen action
by William Omohundro
Two Women Establish Nature Study Program
In Appleton, Wisconsin two local physicians' wives
initiated a "grass roots" education program to inform
young students of their natural heritage.
Two years ago, Mrs. Lloyd Williams and Mrs.
Edward Zeiss, both dedicated conservationists and
ecologists, saw that public and parochial school
facilities in the Appleton area were not adequate to
teach nature study in the out-of-doors so they decided
to take action.
Working in cooperation with two existing local
organizations. Natural Areas Preservation, Inc. and
the Environmental Quality Council, Inc., they formed
an organization which they call Outagamie Nature
Studies, Inc. Outagamie is the name of the county in
which Appleton is located.
Since its inception two years ago, the organization
has grown to almost 50 members who donate time,
effort and money to do a job which the schools and the
average parent cannot do.
Appleton attorney and businessman Gordon A.
Bubolz, who serves as secretary-treasurer of
Appleton's Environmental Quality Council, Inc., says
the volunteers, mostly women, have taken the time to
learn the fundamentals of ecology and conservation in
order to instruct the local youngsters. To train the
membership to interpret nature and the environment,
the organization provided them with packets of in-
formation and arranged for lectures by experts.
School administrators and teachers as well as
parent groups in the area were informed of the project
and its goals, and students were freed from their
normal classroom work to participate in one-day field
trips.
i
.
. •«• .
Getting together at the "plant station".
PAGE 10
The group set up shop in a renovated barn on a farm
six miles west of Appleton at the junction of State
Highways 45 and 10, and called the spot the Nature
Center. During the months of May and September
they have welcomed busloads of fourth graders from
the local school systems five days a week. Both
women feel that the fourth graders are at an ideal age
to derive maximum benefit from the out-of-doors field
trip.
"The fourth graders are extremely receptive to the
experience and they soak up knowledge like sponges,"
said Mrs. Williams.
Four Areas Stressed
At the Nature Center, the organization has struc-
tured its field day around four areas of interest:
animals, plants, pond and soil.
A typical field day begins at 9:30 a.m. with the
arrival of the students. Four groups of 12 to 14 students
are formed to participate in the day's activities held at
the barn and at the animal, plant, pond and soil
stations.
"Each station has a basic concept and a personal
involvement experience for the children," Mrs. Zeiss
pointed out.
At the animal station the students learn that plants
are essential to animal life. They learn that some
animals eat plants, others eat animals, and some eat
both.
"We talk about clues that animals leave, what they
need to live and what special features they have to
keep them safe and that they use to catch their food,"
Mrs. Xeiss added.
At the animal stations the students go to treasure
hunts and make plaster casts of animal footprints.
At the plant station the students learn that the leaf is
a factory which manufactures food and oxygen, that it
purifies the air, and is a beautifier. The youngsters
observe textures and shapes of leaves and make leaf
prints.
"When the students move to the soil station they
learn that the outer crust of the earth is made of rock,
the foundation of all soil," Mrs. Williams noted. "The
station leaders point out that the elements: wind, sun
and rain, heat and cold, all play a part in the formation
of the soil."
The students learn that plant and animal life dies
and returns to the soil making elements available for
new plant growth. Further, the student use
magnifying glasses to examine the life found in the
soil and do water erosion and percolation tests.
"We discuss life in the pond and the food web, or
'who eats whom'," she said. "To examine the life in
the pond the children use magnifying glasses."
To close the day's activities the students are shown
color slides selected to reinforce what they have
learned during the day and to reemphasize the inter-
relationship of all living things and man's special
position in the eco-system.
"We try to leave them with the thought that it is fun
to learn, that the more they come to understand about
cont, on page 14
-------
"VOL.I&JOIO November 30. 1972
GJiOWJG
Where have the students who used to be so "into"
the environmental movement gone? On campuses
where environmental interest was once so intense, it
seems they have gone underground.
Not so, say the young people who run the Michigan
Student Environmental Confederation (MSEC) in
Lansing, Michigan. "The movement's more
sophisticated and less emotional now. We're ap-
pealing to a straight crowd. We're working with hard-
core environmentalists, not just student groups."
And so it seems. The MSEC staff members seem to
be a new synthesis of young irreverence and
traditional cooperativeness badly needed in the en-
vironmental movement.
"One of the problems we have had in the past," says
new coordinator Eric Bauman, "is that we have been
run by 'consensus.' No one was really in charge. We're
now moving towards a more coordinated approach.
We're going to set up an advisory board of
professionals - lawyers, accountants, etc. - to help us
get on more solid footing."
The main publication of the Confederation is
Michigan Earth Beat, an eight-page tabloid published
fortnightly. Editor Bob Ahronheim says he is not
discouraged that circulation is only 500. "That's an
all-time high," he exclaims. Earth Beat is only one of
dozens of environmental newsletters published on a
regular basis in Michigan. "It gets put together by
osmosis," admits Ahronheim. "I wish I was an old
crusty editor of the Northwoods Call or something
where things get down - slap - slap. But the
newspaper really reflects what we're doing and where
we're going and it's really the group which puts it
together. We try to cover the legislature in Lansing on
a full-time basis so people can know what's going on.
And we try to give them information that's helpful:
like the effects of highway salt on their autos, how to
get messages to the media, calendars of events,
what's going on in environmental education. We even
publish violations released by the State Department of
Agriculture's Bureau of Consumer Protection. We try
to be action-oriented."
Like many other environmental publications, Earth
Beat is barely struggling along, even with sub-
scription costs running between $4 (students) and $10
per year (individuals). Ahronheim is hoping the post
office will grant the newspaper second-class mailing
privileges. "In the past we had to use first class,
especially because of the dated legislative in-
formation," says Ahronheim.
environmental education
Student
Movement
Goes Straight
by Frank Corrodo
MSEC was founded by two former Michigan State
University students, one of whom, Walt Pomeroy, is
still with it, though he is about to leave. "This has been
so much an extension of Walt Pomeroy," says one
staff member, "we will have to really reorganize the
whole operation." Pomeroy has brought high visibility
to the Confederation because of his involvement on the
State scene as a leading student environmentalist,
serving on the Governor's committees and the like.
It's tie to the establishment is partly facilitated by its
proximity to the State capitol and more than one day a
week, the long-haired male staffers show up in coat
and tie because of some appearance to be made in the
community or before the government.
Staff members receive little pay. Most of men
staffers have wives with better jobs but feel they won't
be able to remain with the confederation forever. Says
education specialist Don Albrecht, "It amazes us how
long we've been able to survive."
Other Confederation activities include Albrecht's
representation on the task force working on a state
master plan for environmental education, organizing
an environmental action network to help com-
munications between Michigan environmental
groups, and organization of cooperative summer
projects with the State of Michigan Health Depart-
ment.
The summer Student Environmental Health
Projects have been run for the past two summers and
appear to be one of the most successful of the projects
attempted by the Confederation. The projects in-
volved supervision of up to 90 students during the past
two summers in survey projects which included
locating abandoned autos in several Michigan
counties, testing for lead paint in inner city areas,
surveying domestic air pollution sources, en-
vironmental mapping and rodent control projects. The
cooperative project, which will probably continue
again this summer, was managed by the Con-
federation which also recruited the students. Coming
up next spring is a canoe trip which will be tied into
fund-raising.
"We're going to stay non-partisan," says Bauman,
"but we're going to continue to cover the legislature
and continue to lobby for environmental causes, even
though we will continue not to be tax-exempt."
"Our main job, right now," he goes on, "is to get on
a better organizational footing, and to get more young
people involved in projects like the health studies."
PAGE 11
-------
business
by William Omohundro
OHIO FEEDLOT EXPERIMENT PROMISES
ECONOMYAND AN END TO POLLUTION
Fresh air, clean water, and beef for less money.
These are some of the benefits that could result from a
feedlot experiment underway on the headwaters of
Ohio's Little Miami River between Columbus and
Dayton.
For the past three years Ohio Feed Lot Inc. located
near South Charleston has been trying to find out how
it can end odors and polluting wastes at its 12,000-head
feedlot.
The corporation's goal is to " demonstrate,
document and further improve a safe and profitable
method of totally recycling composted feedlot waste
products."
In addition to ending unsavory smells and pollution
from the feedlot, experts hired by the corporation say
"... a classic example of private
enterprise going ahead to resolve
pressing issues and still make a profit."
that as much as 39 percent could be saved on a 1,000 Ib.
steer selling for $330 on the hoof if the waste compost is
recycled as a feed and used as a soil conditioner on a
50-50 basis.
"The national annual value of this process might be
estimated at $7.7 billion or $128 a head," say the
company-hired consultants.
After studying the operation, an EPA Region V
agricultural expert calls the project "a classic
example of private enterprise going ahead, on its own,
to resolve pressing issues and still make a profit."
For the past three years a team of seven in-
vestigators headed by Dr. William Hackett, a London,
Ohio, veterinarian, have been working on the South
Charleston project.
Dr. Hackett and his six deputy investigators who are
each specialists in a particular facet of the project
have been working on six major categories of
problems which are interdependent.
Each deputy investigator in turn has his own team
of experts and consultants who do the detailed
technical work in each of the major categories of the
project.
The categories are: (1) Waste handling,
stabilization, pasteurization, and odor including
monitoring of local and regional air and stream
pollution; (2) Cattle housing design construction,
operation and motoring; (3) Cattle disease and beef
contamination control through waste treatment.
Also, (4) Nutritional value of treated, recycled
waste; (5) Value of composted waste to the soil and
crop production; (6) Economic aspects of the many
facets of the project including protein to the exploding
population of the world.
Briefly, the complete feedlot system as it's now
operated is under sheds and spaced to solve odor
problems. Bedding used in the feed pens is composed
of such substances as shredded tree bark, and
sawdust. The feed pens are mechanically cleaned
about every two weeks, and the waste from the
PAGE 12
cleaning operation is taken to another covered shed
where the material is composted at 174 to 180 degrees.
Following the treatment, which takes five days, the
compost is bagged and sold to nursery's and farmers
for application to soils. This takes care of the complete
waste'load with no discharge to surface waters or to
underdrains. Further, the treated material has been
fed to the cattle under experimental conditions.
The corporation expects the project will have far
reaching effects. It believes the results will prove
feasible for the nation's feedlots in which some
60,000,000 cattle are fattened for slaughter.
Dr. Hackett says the process will be modified so as
to be equally applicable to dairy farms of lOOormore
cattle. Further, he notes, it is likely that it will be
applicable to the hygienic feeding of hogs and other
domestic animals and birds.
"The animal waste handling and treatment
mehtods, which are being tested by the project,
produce a stabilized, pasteurized and valuable
product for an overall cost of about $3 per ton of
waste," said Dr. Hackett.
He said the economic composting of the wastes,
under ideal conditions, will provide a valuable end
product for a major component to the animal's diet
worth about $30 to $40 a ton.
"Composted to a different set of specifications," he
pointed out, "the wastes provide a valuable soil
conditioner when used on the barren or semi-barren
portion of a farm." He says such wastes produce 100
percent productivity and are worth $25 to $30 a ton.
Dr. Hackett said the process adds to the profitability
of the feed lot operation rather than becoming a
financial burden which must be passed along as
higher meat prices because the economic value of the
treated waste exceeds the cost of handling and
treatment.
"The complete waste of the animals of the feedlot is
collected and treated in an inoffensive manner leaving
zero discharge of bacterial, organic and nutrient
pollutants to the environment," he said.
The new mehtods developed are expected to provide
a new understanding of keeping animals healthy, and
provide a new tool for breaking the chain which
spreads many cattle diseases.
Each animal produces about 9 tons of bedding, urine
and manure a year as it comes to the compost
digester, according to experience at the Ohio Feed
Lot.
"The cost of processing is about $2 a ton of raw
material, or with 50 percent shrinkage in weight
during composting, about $4 a ton of end product
containing 30 percent moisture," says Dr. Hackett.
He says the value of compost if used as a cattle food
is about $40 a ton while the value of the compost if it is
used as a soil conditioner on barren farm land is about
$25 a ton.
"The project," points out Dr. Hackett, "will convert
large economic losses into even larger economic gains
through its economic handling and treatment of
animal wastes."
-------
NEW ITEMS
collectanea
col-lec-ta-ne-a (kol'ekta'irfa), n.pl. collected ww-
sages; a miscellany; anthology, [t. L, neut. pi. ot col-
New General Publications
"Don't Leave It All To The Experts." The Citizen's Role in
Environmental Decision Making
"Your World, My World." A Book for Young Environ-
mentalists (single copies only)
"The Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of
1972. Highlights."
EPA Publishes Progress
Report
A 117-page document titled Environmental Protection
Agency - A Progress Report has been published by EPA. With
an introductory section describing the legislative background
and functions of the Agency, the report covers EPA activities
in air and water quality, solid waste management, pesticides,
radiation, and noise. Other chapters include discussions of the
economic impact of pollution control, EPA regional activities,
and enforcement.
Copies of the EPA history are available for $2 each from the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington. D.C. 20402.
Expro '73 Lists Research
Projects To Be Funded
EPA has published a listing of $34 million in' research,
development, and demonstration projects scheduled to be
funded in FY1973. The publication, EXPRO '73 (Extramural
Projects), is designed to acquaint the R & D community with
the aims and procedures of EPA's Office of Research and
Monitoring which supports research efforts related to
pollution control.
The book lists specific grant and contract projects planned
for funding during the remainder of this fiscal year. EXPRO
will be up-dated quarterly and will include projects for which
a grantee or contractor has not been selected and for which
funds are still available.
Copies of the 252-page publication are available from
Region V's Office of Research and Monitoring, One North
Wacker Drive, Chicago, 60606 or from the Resource
Management Branch, Office of Research and Monitoring,
U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. 20460 (Telephone 703-557-0503).
neering Booklet
on Flouridation
The "Fluoridation Engineering Manual" aimed at assisting
local and state engineers in the design of fluoridation in-
stallation, discusses compounds used in fluoridation, methods
of injecting fluorides into water systems, preparation of
fluoride solutions, selection of an appropriate installation,
control, maintenance, safety and technical problems.
Copies of the 94-page manual are available without charge
from the Water Supply Programs Division, Office of Water
Programs Operation, Environmental Protection Agency,
Washington, D.C. 20460.
Manual on Inspecting Waste
water Treatment Plants
A manual to assist in evaluating the performance of
wastewater treatment plants details the processes used in
wastewater treatment, describes common problems affecting
plant operation and lists corrective measures. .The manual,
Engi
"Procedures for Evaluating Performance of Wastewater
Treatment Plants," provides technical guidance to State and
local inspectors and technicians involved in evaluating plants.
Limited numbers of copies, in a loose-leaf binder form are
available through the Operation and Maintenance Branch,
Municipal Wastewater Systems Division, Office of Water
Programs Operations, EPA, Washington, D.C. 20460.
EPA Water Supply Inventory
EPA has released a report which lists over 500 Federally-
certified water supply systems used by interstate carries.
Entitled "Inventory of Interstate Carrier Water Supply
Systems" the report lists the name of each supply system, the
population it serves, approval status, dates of most recent
state and federal surveys and date of last reported bac-
teriological examination.
Copies of the inventory are available from the Water Supply
Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington,
D.C. 20460.
Report on Radiation
Health Risks
A National Academy of Sciences advisory committee report
called "The Effects on Populations of Exposure to Low Levels
of Ionizing Radiation" analyzes current scientific knowledge
of health risks from ionizing radiation exposure.
Single copies of the report are available on request from the
Public Inquiries Branch, Office of Public Affairs, EPA, Room
206, Waterside Mall, Washington, D.C. 20460. Additional
copies may be purchased from the Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
D.C. 20401.
Study on Emissions Control
and Gas Mileage
According to an EPA report on "Fuel Economy and
Emission Control", emission control devices on modern
automobiles are not the major cause of reduced fuel economy.
The report lists causes of increased fuel consumption, fuel
economy data and an appendix showing comparative fuel
consumptions. The report concludes that today's car buyer
has available to him a choice of many types of vehicles and
this is the reason for varying figures on fuel consumption.
Single copies of the EPA report are available from the
Public Inquiries Branch, Office of Public Affairs, Environ-
mental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460.
New Films
"Get Together". The first film about environmental
cleanup in toe Midwest. Shows activities in Detroit, Chicago,
Franklin (Ohio) and other midwestern cities. Produced by the
Region V Office of Public Affairs. 28 minutes, color, sound.
"Come Learn With Me". Documentary film especially for
teachers, showing a radically different approach to en-
vironmental education based on "learning by doing".
Produced by Region V Office of Public Affairs in cooperation
with Cleveland Institute for Environmental Education. 14
minutes, color, sound. Both films are available free through
MODERN TALKING PICTURE SERVICE, INC., 160 East
Grand Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611. Order at least four
weeks in advance. Give alternate dates.
PAGE 13
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RECENT FEDERAL REGISTERS
As a matter of public record, notices of EPA hearings,
proposed rule makings, promulgations of regulations, and
other regulatory actions are published in the daily Federal
Register, available at most libraries (including the Region V
library) or by annual subscription of $25 from the U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.
December 12. AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS. EPA proposes
standards related to control of aircraft air pollution and to
ground operation to control emissions. Comments within 60
days.
ALDRIN AND DIELDRIN. EPA, responding to court order
for reconsideration, rejects requests for immediate ban on
remaining uses; urges self-regulation by producers; deter-
mines to consider issue of tolerance for residues in or on
foods.
December 13. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
STATEMENTS. EPA comments available.
December 16. ENVIRONMENT. EPA rule making
proposals on tolerances for methomyl and revocation of
tolerances on monuron. EPA notices establishing and ex-
tending temporary tolerances for certain herbicides.
December 19. WATER POLLUTION. Notice of public
hearings by International Joint Commission on pollution of
Great Lakes system from land use activities.
December 22. ENVIRONMENT. EPA issues final
guidelines for State participation in National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System.
December 27. DDT CANCELLATION. EPA announces
January 13, 1973 public meeting in Seattle regarding can-
cellation of registration.
PESTICIDES. EPA notice of a tolerance petition for the
fungicide carboxin from Uniroyal. EPA sets tolerance for the
fungicide benomyl.
December 28. AIRCRAFT EMISSIONS CONTROL. Notice
of public hearing on control of air pollution from aircraft and
aircraft engines and ground operation of aircraft to control
emissions.
MORE SOLID WASTE LITERATURE
Solid Waste Fact Book, Litter Fact Book, Questions &
Answers about the reclamation and recycling of glass con-
tainers. From Glass Container Manufacturers Institute, Inc.,
International dub Building, 1800 K Street N.W., Washington,
D.C. 20006.
Guidelines for Glass Recycling in Your Community, Who
Recycles and Why?, Environmental Aspects of Glass Con-
tainers, Environmental Aspects of Plasti-Shield Containers,
Handling of Glass Containers to be Recycled. From Owens-
Illinois, Glass Container Division, Office of Environmental
Affairs, Toledo, Ohio 43601.
EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
A brochure on "Summer Jobs in Federal Agencies" is
available from the Civil Service Commission, Washington
D.C. 20415. It describes opportunities and requirements for
summer employment with the U.S. Government both in
Washington and throughout the nation.
cont. from page 2
Water quality standards at present consist of three
basic parts. First, the states must designate a par-
ticular use (public water supplies, fish and wildlife)
for a stream or section of a stream. Secondly, the
standards must include the criteria necessary to
maintain the designated uses and thirdly, they must
contain an implementation schedule.
Under the 1972 Amendments interstate water
quality standards already adopted by the states and
approved by the federal government remain in effect
unless EPA determine by January 18 that they are not
consistent with the objectives of the old law. If a state
Nature Study
cont. from page 9
nature, the more they will care about it," added Mrs,
Williams. "We believe we give them a happy day."
She said the group hopes to be able to expand the
program in the future to make it possible for older age
groups to be included.
During the three, four-week sessions that have
already been held over 3,600 fourth graders from 50
elementary schools have visited the Nature Center.
Over 500 adults have also visited.
"Our volunteers are terrific," said Mrs. Williams.
"Some help with displays and posters, but the
majority serve as frail guides. They are inspired and
dedicated people with a great love for the out-of-doors
and a desire to share their enthusiasm with the
children."
PAGE 14
with unsatisfactory standards fails to revise them
adequately within 90 days after January 18, EPA must
set appropriate standards for the state.
By last November 17, States with existing intrastate
standards were required to submit them for EPA
review. Such standards will automatically become
effective unless EPA notifies the state within 120 days
of the submission (approximately mid-March) that
they are inconsistent with the objectives of the old law.
If a state with unsatisfactory standards fails to revise
them adequately within 90 days EPA is required to
make the revisions.
EPA is accepting public comments on intrastate
standards until February 12.
(A notice in the Federal Register on December 29,
1972, identifies interstate and intrastate water quality
standards to be considered by EPA.)
For the case where no intrastate standards have
been adopted, the state has 180 days to adopt stan-
dards.
The new law also requires the Water Resources
Council, through the Basin Commissions, to develop
by January l, 1980, level "B" plans for each River
Basin in the country. At present four of the five basin
areas have at least a broad level "A" plan. The fifth is
under preparation. Level "B" plans are more detailed
for individual river basins or portions of river basins.
Although detailed comments on how planning ac-
tivities will finally be affected by the new legislation
cannot be forthcoming until the promulgation of the
guidelines, it seems safe to say that a new era is here.
EPA's Planning Branch will be moving ahead in its
attempt to stop pollution before it starts.
-------
media
ALLIE ALLIE
IN FREE
by Frank Corrode
Home safe. Out of harm's way. The kids on the
street yell "Allie Allie In Free" And so with a street
game does an unusual environmental film begin.
"Allie Allie In Free" was filmed in Cleveland last
summer by Cleveland State communications
professor, Dr. Estelle Zannes, who has been a long-
term and astute observer of the local scene there. She
did the film in conjunction with a local citizens group,
The Area Councils Association.
ACA is an old-time coordinating group for 19 neigh-
borhood community groups in inner-city Cleveland. It
has long been a spokesman for improving local con-
ditions for both blacks and whites and has been con-
cerned with inner-city environmental problems, like
air pollution, congestion and solid waste.
Under a $2,500 grant from EPA's Public Affairs
Office, ACA and Dr. Zannes put the documentary
together and secured one-half hour of television time
in mid-December for airing the documentary. The
documentary played in prime-time, and its uniques
point of view - the citizen's view of his community --
was succinctly stated in the station's advertising
before the broadcast: "The People of Cleveland
Proudly Present the People of Cleveland."
The documentary, as a really a community
statement, was a rare combination of community
concern, professional commitment and television
public-mindedness- combined to produce a unique
product.
Allie Allie In Free looked at the city as a "house"
through the eyes of young children, with their com-
ments, drawings, games and perceptions of crime,
housing, environment and other issues. It was a
unique attempt to show the interrelatedness of these
issues and the need for a place to live that is "safe"
and "out of harm's way." The documentary will soon
be converted into a movie version, and there are some
indications it will be shown again.
Rev. Earl Cunningham, president of ACA, said,
"When television, the university, the citizen, the city
and the Federal government are able to cooperate on
a project like this, the word we use is not success, but
rather hope -- hope for this city."
Dr Estelle Zones of Cleveland State University.
EPA
cont from page 10
administering its water pollution control plan during
the last half of the fiscal year.
Standards Proposed For
Aircraft Emissions
EPA has proposed standards to limit pollution
emissions for new and in-use aircraft, jet and pistol, of
smoke, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen
oxides. The Clean Air Act of 1970 requires regulations
ensuring complicance with these standards to be
issued by the Secretary of Transportation. The
standards will take effect over the period of 1974-79
depending on the engine and the pollutant.
As required under the Act, public hearings will be
held on the proposed regulations at dates, time and
places to be announced shortly. Written comments on
the regulations may be submiteted to EPA within 60
days.
At the same time EPA released a study of the extent
to which aircraft emissions affect air quality and the
technological feasiblity of controlling such emissions.
Also released was advance notice of proposed rule
making to reduce emissions in ground operations.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
Abandoned Vehicles
This is in reference to your mention of Minnesota's
abandoned motor vehicle program on page 15 of the
November 1972 edition of the Region V Public Report.
The Agency has, or is processing, contracts for
collection of abandoned motor vehicles in ap-
proximately twenty-six counties. This year, the
program will move approximately 25,000 abandoned
motor vehicles. We estimate that there are ap-
proximately 250,000 abandoned vehicles scattered
throughout the state. At our present rate, it will take a
few years to solve the problem. Costs have been
higher than originally anticipated due to the low scrap
prices in this region and a lack of competition in the
bidding process. Presently, we are spending ap-
proximately $25.00 per unit to move vehicles from the
outstate area to final disposal at scrap processors.
Yours very truly,
Donald J. Kyser, Chief
Section of Investigation and
Technical Assistance
Division of Solid Waste
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
PAGE 15
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Public Report Marks First Anniversary
This issue marks the first anniversary of the Region
V Public Report.
During our first year we have tried to bring you an
overview of environmental activities in the Midwest --
the efforts of citizens, government, business and
media to clean up in the six states of Region V. In this
issue we included an index to Public Reports
published during 1972.
While our technical problems in getting a new
publication into production may have presented
distractions, we hope that you have stayed with us and
have let us know when you had a suggestion.
As we begin 1973 we look forward to continuing to
bring you news of our progress as Midwesterners in
protecting our natural environment.
- Helen P. Starr, Editor
-- Ann N. Hooe, Art Director
THE YEAR IN REVIEW
JAM ARY
"The Youth Advisory Board
"Pollution and the Family Farmer"
"Environmental Impact Statements"
FKBRlARY
"WPC Board Makes Farm Pollution
Recommendations"
"Inner-City and the Environment"
"Franklin, Ohio Sets Recycling Pace"
"EPA Supports Progress With
Demonstration Grants"
MARCH
"Tax Write-offs for Businessmen"
"Florides"
"EPA Enforcement Field Activities"
APRIL
"Region V Officials Play Key Role in
Chlorine Barge Incident"
"Anatomy of a Cleanup"
"Standards Must Be Enforced"
"Making The Great Lakes Great
Again"
"Judge Decrees Cleveland Regional
Sewer District"
.MAY
"The President's Environmental
Merit Awards"
"Oil Spills in the Midwest: A Serious
Problem"
"The Incomparable Lee Botts"
"Some Thoughts on NEPA and the
EIS"
"A Tale of Two Lakes"
"Contract Compliance"
JUNK
"State Air Implementation Plans"
"Enforcement Procedures"
"Back to Nature in Kalamazoo"
"Air Problems in Michigan"
"Environmental Guidelines for
Summer Homes"
'"No Discharge' Standards"
Jl'LY AUGUST
"Gillard Works to Close Dumps"
"Village Commission Controls
Polluters"
"U. of Minnesota Near Conclusion of
Lake Study"
"A Report From CACC"
"EPA Aircraft Makes Eutrophication
Study"
"Bulrushes: Future Wastewater
Treatment?"
"EPA And Chicago Cooperate on
Youth Programs"
SEPTEMBER
"Reducing Region V Noise"
"Power for the People"
"Getting Inside the Outside1'
"Environmental Exercises"
OCTOBER NOVEMBER
"Environmental Information: Public
Right or Private Resource"
"EPA Information Sources and
Services"
"The Conquest of the Overload"
"Synopsis of Major Provisions of the
Conference 'Water Bill'"
"WCA Making News
"EPA Begins Wisconsin Cleanup"
NOVEMBER
"Twin Cities: Busing Out the CO"
"The Debuggified, Irradiated,
Decibel-Counting Waste Watchers
and Their Brave New World"
"Lake Michigan and the Water Bill"
"Water Pollution and the Rule of
Law"
"Hazardous Materials Symposium"
"LJC To Begin Lake Superior Study"
"Environmental Legislation Expands
EPA Authority"
"Comparison of FIFRA and FEPCA"
DECEMBER
"New Ohio EPA Begins Work"
"High Water and Shoreline Erosion on
the Great Lakes"
"New 'Gleam' In The Navy's Eyes"
"The Saga of Chrysler's 'Clean'
Foundry"
"Citizens Meet in Bay City to Discuss
Lake Huron Development"
FROM:
Office of Public Affairs
United States Environmental Protection Agency
One North Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60606
Third Class Bulk-Rate
POSTAGE AND FEES PAID
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
EPA-335
PAGE 16
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