Region V Public Report
From This.
                            No longer need citizens
                            picket to be heard. New
                            laws include them in de-
                            cisions from the ground
                            up. Cover story on Page
            Citizen  Participation
                                      To This

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                          Defining
                         Standards
                               For
                              Our
                             Cities
  Francis T.  Mayo
  How iln you  require  cities to obtain second-si age
Irciilmenl of sewage  wastes  by 1977 if  experts in
sewage treatment disagree on  what  levels of pollutant
removal constitutes secondary treatment?
  In an  effort  to  get around  that chicken-and-egg
problem.  El'A  on April  27  published definitions of
secondary treatment in the Federal Register.
  The definitions rover  biochemical oxygen demand
(BOD), suspended solids, fecal coliform bacteria, and
pi 1  (acidity-alkalinity.)
  For BOD and suspended solids, we have proposed a
limit of 30 parts per million as a monthly average and a
maximum weekly average, of  45 parts per million.
  For fecal coliform bacteria, which is a benchmark for
water contamination  from  human  wastes, we have
proposed a monthly maximum of 200  bacteria for  100
each milliliters of water and a weekly average of 400 of
the  bacteria per  100 milliliters of water.
  The pH range  must be between  (i and  9.  Seven is
neutral on a 1-10 scale.
  EPA is accepting  public comment  on the limits until
the  end of |une. Comments may be sent to the director.
Municipal  Wastewater Systems   Division.   EPA,
Washington.  D.C. 204BO.
                                                  In   This  Issue  .
The Public Report is  published periodically
by the Public Affairs Office, Region V EPA, 1
N.  Wacker Dr.,  Chicago, III., 60606.
Francis T. Mayo	Region V Administrator
Valdas  Adamkus	Deputy Administrator
Frank Corrado	Public Affairs  Director
Sally W. Jones	Public Report  Editor
Ann Hooe	Graphics  Editor
Letters  and  comments on  the  report  or
other environmental  issues may be sent to
the  address  above.
  In  an effort to provide greater access to the public:
for  publications,  upcoming decisions,  and research
studies conducted by EPA, the Region V Public Report
this month will begin several regular features.
  In  the Epalog section, (p.  13)  the  Federal Register
Listings have been revised to give a greater description
on  what  each  issue contains  relative  to the en-
vironment.
  Looks  Ahead (p.  11) is a capsule  account  of EPA
decisions and studies that are underway or in soon-to-
be-released form. We are publishing  this feature with
the feeling that if the public  knows what is ahead, it
can be alerted and thus hotter able to provide needed
response to the agency.
  And finally,  the  Publications  section (p. 13)  will
carry  both a  listing  of those publications that  provide
general information  to the layman; and  listings  of
publications  that provide  technological  information
based on EPA-conlracted research projects nationwide.
                         The energy crisis  is af-
                       fecting  the  environment.
                       For stories on environment
                       and energy,  see Pages 3
                       and 4.
Shore  Conference  Ahead
  The  Region  V  EPA will  cooperate  with  three
other agencies for a two-day conference on shorcland
planning for Lake  Michigan.
  The  sponsors  of  the conference  are the  Lake
Michigan Federation,  Chicago's Department of En-
vironmental Control, the University of Illinois (Urbana)
Institute for  Environmental  Studies, and  EPA.
  The conference; will be held  May 24 and  25 in  the
Field Museum  on  Chicago's Lakefront. The morning
session will include addresses by several speakers and
the afternoon meetings will be used  for workshop
sessions.
PAGE 2

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No   Gas?  Try   Mowing!
Do we really  need
all these gadgets?
                  By Lee Botts
  The so-called energy crisis could be the saving of us
all.
  Consider  how  many of our  society's  current  dif-
ficulties are related to the  profligate waste of energy.
Then consider whether a shortage of energy will really
be all that disastrous.
  Increasing  health  problems,   pollution,  unem-
ployment,  especially  among  the  young  and   less
educated—all  can be related  to an excessive use of
energy in certain forms. Let me propose an energy con-
servation measure for the coming summer months In
illustrate my point.
  Two forms  of energy are predicted to be  in short
supply during the summer of  1973:  electricity  and
gasoline.  Neither will be totally lacking: there simply
may not be enough to support our accustomed assump-
tion  that  there will always  be more than we actually
need, sold cheaply enough that we do not have to count
the cost,  either in money or social consequences.
  The predicted crisis is. in fact, a possible shortage
that  may force us  to choose using the  available supply
for some  purposes more essential than others.  It is
unlikely  that  we  will  have to  read by candlelight.
provided we  choose  to  run our air  conditioners  ef-
ficiently and sparingly. Ambulances will still be able to
answer emergencies,  and food will be  delivered. We
could make this more certain by taking a Sunday af-
ternoon walk instead  of a drive,  reducing, incidentally
the likelihood  that we will need an ambulance from a
highway  accident.
  Housewives  may  have to plan  shopping  trips  ef-
ficiently to avoid unnecessary trips by car to the super-
market for forgotten items. Or even walk, or  send one
of the children. Which  brings me to  my proposal  for
energy conservation this summer.
  Why not outlaw the  use of power  lawnmowers, in
the  interest not only  of  energy conservation but of
social  welfare?  This  simple step,  nationwide;,  could
have the following consequences:
  1.  It would force harnessing the excess energy of the
young to a useful purpose, providing employment to
replace; jobs phased out  with the shutdown of federally
supported programs.
  2.  It would  improve  ihe health of the middle-aged.
who would not have to resort to artificial forms of exer-
cise, such as jogging.
  3.  It could reduce  the consumption of electricity by
getting more persons out  of doors more of the lime.
  4.  It could encourage recycling, by  the rescue of
what  must  be; many,  many thousands  of  abandoned
hand  lawnmowers rusting  in basements and garages
  ,r>.  It could reduce  noise pollution.
  6.  And it  would reduce  air pollution from hydrocar-
bons  and  carbon monoxide.
  7.  It could restore  the natural landscape1. With hand
scything along highways, some; wildflowers and weeds
would be likely to escape. Consider that the1 dandelion
in Great  Britain is an endangered species.
  Single  measures such as abandoning  power  lawn-
mowers cannot solve the nation's energy proble-ms—let
alone  its  social  proble;ms—but  the;  proposal  does
illustrate my point. To wit. it  can be argued that our
problems stem from  too mue:h available; energy  rather
than too little;. To borrow an analogy from a fellow con-
servationist. consider how  a baby grows.
  If  he1 de>uble;s his birth weight  by six months, he- is
well and healthy.  If he' double's it again by one year, he
is plump but not necessarily too fat. If he; continues In
grow at that rate, by  the1  age1  of 10 he  will weigh 10
million pounds.
  Those who spe;ak  of an  eme'rgy crisis as a  disaster
almost invariably invoke; the;  statistical  fae:t that fe>r a
couple of decades the nation's  growth  in  the; con-
sumption of electricity has doubled  every few  years.
The;  implication is  that continued  growth at that  rate is
necessary  and desirable. On the  contrary,  it can only
le-ael ultimately te> re;al disaster such as the necessity te>
use all of the nation's waterways by the year 2000 for
cooling water. Or a nuclear power plant every 5 miles
along the1  California  coast.
  In my e>pinion. the re;al  e;nergy crisis is the delusion
that   continued  unlimited  growth   in  energy  con-
sumptiem is vital  te> the; nation's welfare. If we  obtain
no more; ene;rgy  than we now have;, we will still have;
six times our share of the world supply on a per capita
basis. Essential needs will be; met—houses heated, food
cooked, factories busy.
  Far from  be;ing a crisis, the e;xpe'e:te;d shortages could
fem:e a reconsideration of the real e:onseque;ncc;s of con-
tinued growth at past rates; elimination of unnecessary
uses  of energy;  and more efficient use for essential
purposes.
  Let  us  push  our  lawnmowe;rs  this  summer:   our
he;arts will be healthier, our air cle;ane-r. our backyards
more quiet, our youngste;rs busier and  happier.

  Lee Botts  is  executive secretary  of  (he   Lake
Michigan Federation, Chicago.  The opinions expressed
in this article are her own. and no( necessarily  EPA's.
                                                                                                   PAGE 3

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 How    Auto    Ruling   Affects    You
                                     By William  Omohundro
   Over half of the  210 million people in  the United
 States who drive the more than 80 million vehicles in
 this country will  be  affected  by  EPA  actions in
 carrying out its mandate  under the Clean Air Act of
 1970.
   In  recognition of this broad national impact, EPA
 Assistant  Administrator for Air and Water Programs
 Robert L. Sansom presented some relevant facts on the
 reduction of auto emissions in an  address to the North
 American Conference on Motor Vehicle Emission Con-
 trol last  November  in Albuquerque, N.M.
   "The automobile is the single most important source
 of air pollutants in this country,"  Sansom said. Ac-
 cording  to  nationwide estimates,  in  1970 gasoline-
 powered motor vehicles contributed 50 per cent of the
 hydrocarbons. 70 per cent of the carbon monoxide, and
 30 per cent of the nitrogen oxide emitted to the air.
   "In many individual cities, however, motor vehicles
 contributed  even more—in the 90 per cent range in
 some cities." Sansom pointed out. He said the Clean
 Air Act of 1970. which mandates that the  automobile
 industry reduce these emissions by at least  90 per cent
 by 1976. will go far in removing automobiles from the
 pollution  picture.
   MOST  OF US know  that the automobile causes
 degradation  of  air  quality.  What  the  average
 automobile  owner  wants to know  is how EPA's
 cleanup campaign under the Clean Air Act is going to
 affect  him:  his  pocketbook and his transportation
 needs.
   Sansom said some manufacturers have consistently
 claimed that the incremental cost of an automobile due
 to EPA's pollution control efforts will exceed $600.
   "Our estimates show that the increased sticker price
 of an average U.S. automobile in 1975 should be on the
 order of $150 to $300 over the price of a comparable
 1968 car." he said. Sansom said this estimate was con-
 firmed  by  industry testimony   before EPA public
 hearings held last May.
   "It is also clear that the cost will be even lower for
 cars with four and six cylinder engines." he explained.
 "We are confident that these cost increases can be fur-
 ther  reduced  through  continued  development.
 engineering  and optimization of the basic systems, as
 well as through the development of new power engine
 systems  with  inherently better  emission charac-
 teristics."
   The EPA  Assistant Administrator said energy con-
 sumption is another standard  by which this technology
 has to be judged. He said the question of fuel penalties
 from emission control devices has also received con-
 siderable recent attention in  the  press.
  "OUR-RESEARCH in this area does not indicate that
on  the  average current  model year vehicles show
poorer fuel economy characteristics than did vehicles
manufactured before  emission control devices were
required," Sansom noted.
  EPA  figures  indicate  an  overall fuel economy
decrease from pollution control devices of 7 per cent in
1973 model year vehicles over pre-1968 vehicles. "But,"
he said, "let's put this 7 per cent into perspective.  The
automotive industry has indicated that there is a 5-6
per cent fuel penalty associated with the introduction
of automatic transmissions."
  Sansom said there is an average of about 9 per  cent
fuel  penalty associated with  an automobile air  con-
ditioner, but this can range up to 20 per cent in urban
driving on hot days. And, he noted, factory air  con-
ditioning is installed on over 60 per cent of all new  cars
on the market.
  "The type of engine used  in the automobile is also a
significant variable in terms of fuel consumption," he
said.  "The  available  data  on  diesel-powered
automobiles  show a  70  per cent  increase in  fuel
economy over an automobile of the same weight using
the gasoline, spark ignited, reciprocating  engine which
dominates the American market."
  On the other hand, he said, data available to EPA on
the Wankel  shows a 35 per cent decrease in  fuel
economy.  The stratified  charge engine which  is  a
prototype low-emission engine being developed jointly
under Army and EPA funding, shows a 12 per cent in-
crease in fuel economy over the average 1973 vehicle of
similar weight at a significantly lower emission level.
  "But the largest impact on fuel economy is associated
with  the  general  industry  trend  toward heavier
vehicles," Sansom noted. "The fuel economy of the up-
per and lower bound  (limits)  of vehicle weights com-
monly  found in the U.S.  varies by 150  per cent."
  THE AVERAGE current model 5,000-pound vehicle
achieves  approximately 10 miles per gallon  under
simulated  urban driving  conditions compared to 25
miles per gallon for 2,000 pound vehicles.  "Thus," he
said, "the car buyer has a direct and effective method
of achieving better fuel economy through his choice of
the weight of the vehicle he purchases."
  Though  EPA has found  some fuel and economic
"disadvantages" in clean cars, they are relatively minor
when viewed  in the light of Detroit's and the  con-
sumer's trend toward cars with increased  weight, air
conditioning,  power  equipment,   automatic
transmission, inflation,  and  now the Wankel engine.
  "With the energy crisis upon us," he said, "much can
and  must  be done to minimize energy  consumption
PAGE 4

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                                                      r.
              Will these cars cost more?

from mobile sources—sources using about  40 per cent
of the  petroleum resources in this country."
  The  stratified  charge engine, the  diesel. or a shift to
smaller cars—all these  measures—would  have sub-
stantial fuel economy advantages.  Sansom  said these
alternatives should be at  the top of the list of measures
to save energy,  and meet  emission goals.
  Other ways to combat  the fuel-energy-cost pinch are
motor vehicle modifications, emissions inspections, and
transportation controls.  Sansom said.
  "VEHICLE  MODIFICATION  appears  to   be   a
feasible  and  readily  available  alternative open  at
present." he said. Emission requirements could be ex-
tended to pre-1968  vehicles and made more stringent
on 1968 to 1974 models. Currently, approximately  60
per  cent  of the   nation's  automobiles—all  those
manufactured prior to  1968—have no form  of exhaust
pollution control device.
  The  possibility of modifying  or retrofitting  older
models has strong   appeal because  they  often  emit
many times more pollution than new models.
  Retrofit  systems  have been  developed   and  some
require only carburetor and distributor modifications.
  Turning  to emission inspection systems as a second
transportation control alternative, he  said periodic in-
spection seems needed to assure maintenance, as well
as identify high  emitters.
  "Along with vehicle modifications and inspection the
third  option  of transportation  systems  controls  has
been advanced as a pollution reduction approach with
considerable, and as yet. largely unexplored potential."
Sansom said.
  SANSOM SAID evaluating transportation controls is
considerably   more   difficult  than   evaluating
modifications hardware, and knowledge is correspond-
ingly  less complete.
  Further, he continued, the improvements that can be
achieved are likely to  vary considerably  from city to
city, depending on a city's urban structure, its disper-
sion of origin and destination points, and the  extent to
which  it uses mass transit.
  Sansom said  that most non-hardware transportation
control alternatives such as higher parking fees require
mass transit improvements. If auto use is discouraged.
alternative  transportation  will be needed, he said.
  "Leaving aside for the moment coercive means of en-
couraging mass transit use."  he said, "the  most  im-
portant  mass transit improvement that can be made is
to decrease door-to-door travel  time."
  The EPA assistant administrator said travel time is a
more  important determinant of  transit ridership than
cost, and direct access time may  be more important

                             Continued on Page 6

                                             PAGE 5

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Cars   ..  .
than travel time. This means that transit improvement
is likely  to  require not only  the  use of express bus
lanes and the like, but also improved collection and
distribution  systems.
  It  may be that to be  most effective in  reducing
emissions, mass transit will have to be associated with
vehicular restraints  or pricing policies  designed  to
discourage automobile  use, he said. "Without such
measures, it may be that  no mass transit system can
sufficiently attract enough drivers from their cars to
achieve the  necessary  reduction in  auto  trips."
  While  the measures discussed here are the last part
of the regulatory framework to be put in place, he add-
ed, they  are among  the first  that will impact  on  the
public. "We must  achieve our air pollution goals, but
we must do so with minimum cost  to society."
Ferrari   Eats   Gas,
Honda   Doesn't
    . . And speaking of sticker price and fuel economy,
the EPA in April released a study showing what most
of us already know—that big cars guzzle more gas than
little ones.
   In a 29-page report, the EPA rated the gas mileage of
all  models of cars sold  in  the U.S.  The ratings, EPA
said, should not be considered a hard and fast guide,
but  were  based on  364  vehicles  submitted  by  36
manufacturers to EPA for  testing.
  Here, briefly, is what EPA found in  11  classes of
autos.  based  on weight:
1.750 pounds   Class  average  24.7;  Honda 24.7.

2.000 pounds - Class average 24.8; Datsun 27.7; British
Leyland 23.2: Toyota  26.0:  Fiat 22.29.

2,250  pounds    Class   average  20.9.  Toyota 21.7;
Volkswagen  21.7;  Fuji  Subaru 21.5;  Cricket  British
Chrysler 21.2; Saab 21.0;  Fiat 20.8; British Leyland 19.4.

2,500 pounds   Class  average 20.9. Mitsubishi Motors
Dodge  Colt 22.6; BMW 21.6; General Motors 21.7; Ford
21.1;   Jensen   Motors  Healy  12.9;  Datsun  20.7;
Volkswagen 20.2; Fiat 19.7; Renault  19.7; Toyota 19.6;
British Leyland  18.9; Saab 18.8; Toyo Kogyo 18.8: Alfa
18.6.
2,750 pounds - Class average 18.6. American Motors
General  (Special  Utility) 19.5;  General  Motors 19.4;
Ford 19.0; Volkswagen 18.8; Renault 18.7; Saab 18.4;
British Leyland  18.0; TVR  18.0;  Toyota 17.3;  Toyo
Kogyo 17.1;  Isuzu Luv 16.9; Datsun 16.7;  Porsche 16.3;
Classic Phaeton Roadster 12.3.

3,000  pounds    Class  average   15.4.  Volvo  17.7;
American Motors General (Special Utility) 17.6; Peugot
16.9; British Leyland  16.3; Toyota 15.3; Ford 14.3; Audi
14.1;  Ferrari 9.6.

3,500 pounds  Class average 14.2. Volkswagen 16.45;
Chrysler 16.0;  Volvo 15.7;  British Leyland Rover 14.6;
Toyota 14.2; BMW 13.9; Mercedes Benz  13.9; General
Motors 12.8; American Motors Corp. 12.5; Citroen 11.6;
Ford 11.4; British Leyland Jaguar 8.6.

4,000 pounds   Class average 10.8. American Motors
General  (Special  Utility)  14.4;  Mercedes Benz 12.9;
Chrysler 12.7;  International  Harvester  Light  Utility
12.7;  Checker 12.4;  Toyota  12.3;  American  Motors
Corp. 11.7; Avanti 11.0; Ford 10.9; S.S. Excalibur 10.1;
General  Motors  9.7;  British  Leyland   Jaguar  9.6;
Maserati 8.5; Lamberghini 7.3; Ferrari 6.4.

4,500  pounds    Class  average  10.2. Checker 11.6;
American Motors 11.3; Chrysler 10.6; General Motors
10.0;  Ford 9.2; International Harvester 9.2.

5,000 pounds - Class average 9.35. International Har-
vester 10.0;  Chrysler 9.7; General Motors 9.4;  Rolls
Royce 9.2;  Ford 8.8.

5,500  pounds  -  Class  average  8.7.  Ford  8.4;  In-
ternational Harvester 8.1;  Rolls  Royce 8.0.

  (Copies of the complete fuel economy report for 1973
cars can  be obtained by writing  Public Inquiries, U. S.
EPA, 401 M. St.,  S.W., Washington,  D.C. 20460.)
Beets,  Fiberglass  Get  Limit

  The  EPA published the first two  of 27 effluent
limit proposed regulations for industry in early May.
The first two apply to sugar beet and fiberglass plants,
and require the best practicable technology for control.
The other 25, dealing with oil. steel, paper and other in-
dustries probably will be issued beginning in late June
or July. Because of the large volume of pages  in the
proposed limits,  copies will be available only in EPA
regional and district offices and  state pollution control
agencies. Comments on the regulations are being ac-
cepted  through the first week in June and should be ad-
dressed to EPA  Enforcement Branch, Region V, 1 N.
Wacker Dr., Chicago, 111.,  60606.
PAGES

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SHORT SUBJECTS
Bottles:
they    keep    disappearing
  Environmentalists who have had past  experience
conducting  bottle  and  glass collection  drives for
recycling know the problem of getting the old bottles to
market—especially if  the  reclamation center  wants
them crushed.
  A group of Calvin College, Mich., students and their
professor may have an.answer.
  They've developed  a  do-it-yourself bottle crusher
that costs as little as  $17 to  build—if environmental
groups have a knack for scavenging old pieces of equip-
ment no one needs. For ecology groups that can't af-
ford the high cost of commercial crushers, the  Calvin
College gadget may be ideal. It's small enough for com-
munity groups to handle, too. For information  on the
crusher, write  to  Professor  James Bosscher,  Calvin
College, Grand Rapids, Mich., 49506.
Disappearing Bottles
  There are other ways to get rid of containers, ac-
cording to research studies being conducted in several
universities nationwide.  The  universities have found
that it's feasible to make containers that disintegrate.
They're  called  biodegradable bottles,  but  further
research is being done to determine if they biodegrade
into more harmful substances than bottles themselves.
Among the  containers developed are plastic ones that
disintegrate in the sun; a soluble glass with a special
coating that turns into liquid  when mixed with rain
upon  breaking; and  a third kind made of cellulose-
based protein that can be edible, if one likes that sort of
thing. The  three  kinds of bottles were described in
"Outlook,"  a  review   of solid waste  technology
published by the Owens-Illinois, Inc.'s news  bureau,
P.O. Box 1035, Toledo, Ohio,  43666.
"Auntie Litter Says"
  The  Milwaukee  Journal,  as a  public service, has
joined  the city's Health Department in an anti-litter
campaign.  Several times  weekly,  the  newspaper
publishes a cartoon with an "Auntie Litter Says ..  ."
headline, and adds appropriate messages to the car-
toon. Students now are submitting  messages.
Purdy Promoted
  Ralph Purdy, long in the water resources field, has
been appointed deputy director of the Environmental
Protection Bureau in  Michigan. The  bureau is within
the newly-reorganized Department of Natural Resourc-
es. Purdy formerly was technical secretary  for the
state's Water Resource Commission.
Gas Leak Sealed
  A gas leak has been sealed in Williamsburg, Mich.,
where 200 people had to evacuate their homes in mid-
April  to avoid  the  geyser-like  leaks. The Amoco
Production Co., though it denied its well caused the
leak problem, drilled  other holes  in  the ground to
relieve  underground  pressure and sealed the 6.000-
foot-natural gas well.


Health and the  AM A
  The American Medical  Association held a two-day
conference in Chicago April 29 and 30. Doctors nation-
wide discussed energy, the  environment and human
health. Information on obtaining the proceedings of the
congress can be obtained  from the association, 535 N.
Dearborn, Chicago, 111., 60610.


Bags for Litter
  Need a litter bag for your car or community clean-
up effort? Keep America Beautiful,  Inc., has them.
They carry the red, white, and blue KAB insignia and
are being sold at a nominal charge to  community
groups, trade associations, companies, and labor unions
for clean-up drives. The name of the campaign sponsor
can be printed on the small bags. For information write
to KAB, 99 Park Ave., New  York. N.Y.  10016.
Polluting Puppets
  Creative Presentations, Inc., has put together a pup-
pet show on the environment for kids. The company, at
370 Crestwood Dr., Roselle, 111., 60172, has the show
self-contained in a traveling van. Entitled "Annie and
the Pollution Gang," the show features Sesame Street-
type monsters holding a convention to foul the  en-
vironment. Annie foils the plot, though,  by eavesdrop-
ping on the convention.
                                                                                          PAGE 7

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COVER STORY
 Citizen    Participation    Law
 For   U.S.,    States
                                        By Frank Corrado
   ON APRIL 24, 1973, the Environmental Protection
 Agency,  after  waiting 60 days for comments, began
 putting together final rules for public participation un-
 der the new Water Pollution  Control Act of  1972.
   During those sixty days, a total of ninety persons in
 the United States responded either for or against the
 regulations, or requested  changes.
   This meager response took place in spite of a very
 serious attempt by EPA and major citizen groups to in-
 volve the public in  the commenting process.
   Unfortunately, most of the public is concerned only
 when faced with a local or neighborhood problem. This
 lack of participation  is endemic to governmental efforts
 to involve the public traditionally. One political scien-
 tist, Leonard Dahl, estimated a number of years ago
 that only about one in 2,000 persons takes any active
 role  in civic affairs.
   WHAT MAKES THE lack of public involvement in
 the water cleanup efforts so disheartening, however, is
 that  many serious attempts and lots of effort by the
 legislative and executive branches have been expended
 in developing and implementing Section 101(e) of the
 new water act—the "public's  section."
   One of the stumbling blocks for public participation
 is simply the complexity of the new act. The new water
 amendments run a total of 98 pages long, and that's
 just the law. Hundreds of additional pages are being
 published spelling out how the law will  work.
   The key to citizen participation  in the new law is
 Section 101(e) which states: "Public participation in the
 development,  revision,   and  enforcement  of any
 regulation,   standard,  effluent  limitation,  plan,  or
 program  established by the administrator  or any state
 under this  act  shall be provided for, encouraged, and
 assisted by the administrator and the states. The ad-
 ministrator,  in  cooperation  with  the  states,  shall
 develop and publish regulations specifying minimum
 guidelines for public participation in such processes."
  Even though the final regulations have not yet been
 published, other  regulations issued for other parts of
 that new law do  have sections  on public participation,
 as required  in  101(e).
  For example. Section 303(e)  of the act also requires
 states  to  provide for public participation as  they
 develop  their  State  Continuing  Planning Process.
 Guidelines  for states to implement  participation were
published  in the March 27, 1973 Federal Register:
  "EACH  PROCESS OR any revision thereof shall be
developed  with provisions for public participation in
accordance with Section 101(e) of the  act,  and any
regulation  issued by the administrator thereunder.
Public participation with adequate opportunity  for
public hearing  upon proper showing shall be required
on  significant  elements of the  planning process  in-
cluding  proposed  state  strategy  and  priority lists
developed  under the continuing planning process pur-
suant to section  106 regulations."
  This means that states may hold public hearings on
their cleanup strategy (and any annual changes) and on
their  priority lists  (for  grants to  cities, for priority
streams to clean up,  for industrial and municipal
dischargers).
  A second regulation—covering overall water quality
management plans—is yet to be  published in the
Federal  Register. In its  section  131.401  on  public
hearings, it states:
  "There shall be conducted, prior to the adoption or
any  substantive revision  of  the  plan  and  after
reasonable notice thereof, one or more public hearings
on the proposed  plan or on  parts  of the plan, in  ac-
cordance with the requirements of Section 101(e) of the
act. The number and location of hearings shall reflect
the size of the planning area and  its population and
population distribution. Public participation  and con-
tribution shall  be encouraged commencing  with the
earliest possible stages of plan development  and con-
tinuing throughout the period of plan preparation,  in-
cluding revisions thereof. The State may conduct its
public hearing  on the plan simultaneously with public
hearing on permits in the area covered by the plan ....
If a public hearing was conducted on  a segment or
cluster of the plan  for the purpose of facilitating the
issuance of permits  then this portion of the plan need
not  be  subject  to  additional   public  hearing
requirements."
  State hearings on  the priority lists and strategies are
expected to be held by the end of June this year. The
strategy that the states will be required to submit will
form the basis for their attack on pollution. Public par-
ticipation in helping the state set up this program is
critical.
PAGES

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      Publications  for citizen

     input  in  water clean-up
1.     Public Law 92-500—The Water Pollution Control
        Act Amendments of 1972.
2.     Federal Register
          -Jan. 17,  1973—Interim Regulations,  Pre-
            paration of Environmental Impact State-
            ments.
          -Feb.  23,  1973—Public  Participation in
            Water Pollution Control Programs,  Pro-
            posed  Rulemaking.
          -Dec.  22, 1972—State  Program Elements.
            Necessary for Participation in the Nation-
            al  Pollutant Discharge  Elimination  Sys-
            tem.
          -Jan.  11, 1973—National  Pollutant  Dis-
            charge  Eliminations  System,  Proposed
            Rulemaking.
3.     "Don't Leave it All to the Experts."
        (All  publication  available  from  Region V
        Public  Affairs, 1 N.  Wacker,  Chicago,  111.
        60606.
  THE MOST CRITICAL areas of public participation
and those that will be of interest to most people involve
Section  402 of the Act—the take-over  by the state
agency of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System  (NPDES.)
  Public participation in NPDES comes at two critical
points: first, when  the state requests that it take over
the program. (In Region V,  such  a request from the
State of Michigan is imminent). Second, when a State
agency with permit authority (or EPA  in absence of a
state program) takes steps to  issue a permit,  public
participation also is required.
  A public notice announcing EPA's determination to
issue  (or deny) a  permit  is mailed to major citizen
groups,  people that  have requested  to be  notified,
public officials and  others  in the area  where the
discharger is located. Also, a legal notice is published
in a local newspaper within  the area of the discharge.
In addition, a proposed permit  is drawn up and a fact
sheet   prepared  which  describes  the  significant
discharge  constituents  and  proposed  effluent  limits.
The fact sheet is available to the public  upon request to
the state  agency  or the EPA Regional  Office. The
proposed permit also may be inspected at either office
or copied  at a cost of  20 cents per page.
  The public notice provides for a period of 30 days
during which time interested citizens may submit their
written  comments  concerning the  proposed permit or
request that a public hearing  be held. The written com-
ments are retained by EPA and  are considered before a
final permit is  issued. However, according to Al Man-
zardo, director of Region V's program, citizens' com-
ments must go into more detail than just "I'm against
the discharge" in order to validly surface the need for a
hearing.
  The action to issue a permit is taken jointly with the
State agency which either must certify to the conditions
or disapprove the proposed EPA action on the permit.
If the State denies certification, then no Federal permit
can be issued.
  Manzardo emphasizes that citizens who want to be
informed when a certain discharger will be coming up
for permit consideration should  contact: Carolyn Kates
Permit Branch,  EPA, 1 N. Wacker Drive, Chicago, 111.
60606. Larger citizen groups and governmental agen-
cies may  also be put  on a  mailing list covering all
dischargers in a certain area. In  addition, an individual
or group can request a fact sheet on  a discharger or
series of dischargers.
  States that begin to issue permits under NPDES will
have to comply with requirements in  the  final 101(e)
regulations  for  public participation.
  Region V Office of Public Affairs has strongly urged
each of the State water agencies in the region  to hire at
least one  person to handle  the  public participation
requirements of the new law for the 1974 fiscal year
beginning in July. One of the best programs for public
participation is now being conducted by the Ohio EPA
(SEE  BOX).
  There are also requirements for public participation
in the federal program grants to cities for sewage treat-
ment works. Rules and  regulations for construction
grants are  contained  in  the   Federal  Register of
February 28, 1973. Although the subject of public  par-
ticipation  is not included  in the interim construction
grant rules and regulations, the public is involved in in-
terim regulations on environmental impact  statements.
  THE IMPACT STATEMENT guidelines were issued
on January  17,  1973 in the Federal Register.
  They require that any significant environmental ac-
tion taken by EPA must be accompanied by an impact
statement. If actions are taken that do  not require an
impact statement in the eyes of the  agency, then a
negative  declaration must  be  issued.  Municipalities
that submit requests to EPA  for sewage treatment
funds will have to present an assessment of public in-
terest in the project and then EPA will decide whether
an environmental impact statement will be prepared. If
an  environmental  impact  statement  is  prepared,
whether for  sewage plant or an  EPA action, the public
in the project area will be given  30 days to comment on
the proposed actions.
  Environmental  activists,  who have  been  most in-
volved in the development of the 101(e) guidelines, are
concerned about opportunities for citizen expression at
all key stages of the regulatory process, as the March
1973 Conservation Foundation Newsletter notes. They
seek  involvement  in the formulation  of standards,
guidelines and regulations. Others also want a voice in
the  development  of  implementation  plans   and
                             Continued  on Page 10
                                                                                                 PAGES

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 decisions   on  discharge  limitations,  com pi inner;
 schedules  (for ,iir).  and permits.
   Many regulatory agency personnel and state officials
 are concerned about  public participation requirements
 because they  feel  the  requirements  arc;  burdensome
 and  unnecessary in light  of the strong safeguards
 already built  into the program. Many foci that the law
 is exceedingly complex for a governmental official  to
 understand, let alone be able to explain to a layman.
   Among  comments received  from  Region  V state
 agencies on the  l()l(e)  guidelines are complaints that
 the proposed regulations impost; an untenable burden
 on the agency to search out  and identify "interested
 persons and organizations:" and that  the requirements
 reflect  a lack of confidence  in the  motives of slate
 water control  agencies, implied in federal statements
 like "public effort  in reporting  violations shall  not be
 discouraged."
   Other complaints were that a required "special ef-
 fort"  to summarize  complex  technical materials  for
 public  and media  use  would  involve  too much staff
 time,  and   that   workshops  and  other educational
 activities should be handled by the federal government.
   CITIZEN GROUPS,  however, contend  that it is ab-
 solutely  critical—because  of  the  complexities  in-
 volved—not only to be  able to comment on an agency
 decision, but  to have the; agency explain how and why
 a decision  was reached.
   "We need to know why a date was chosen  for com-
 pliance, why one  process was chosen over  another.
 why  a  three-year permit was given instead of a two-
 year, and so on, if we; art; going to be able to participate;
 effectively." said  Alexander  Polikoff   director  of the
 Businessmen  for the; Public Interest.  Chicago.
   Barbara  Reid,  a  member of the Natural  Resources
 Defense   Council   and  a  key  Washington  en-
 vironmentalist in  the   water  pollution  public par-
 ticipation area, feels that the regulations for public in-
 volvement  arc; important,  and maybe more  than  just
 important,  since the citizen  clean  water movement
 lacks a constituency across the country like those  that
 have  developed  in  the air  programs through  the;
 Breathers   Lobby  and  the  national  TB   and  RD
 programs.

   But in the Midwest there is a strong citizen activist
 lobby, mainly  because  of the Great Lakes. Chicago's
 Lake  Michigan  Federation  and Businessmen for the
 Public Interest, the Save Lake Superior Association, the
 Indiana Izaak Walton League. Cleveland's Clean Air.
 (Mean Water Group and others have long been involved
 in the water pollution battle and can be expected to be
 actively involved  in the public participation aspects of
 the new law.
  Outside of the professional and semi-professional en-
vironmentalists, the  question  still  remains as to just
what  kind of non-professional  public involvement will
emerge from  the 101(e) requirement.
 Ann Dore, EPA public affairs director, visits Region V
 and hears citizens'  ideas for Washington.
  Although less than a year old—it was formed in the
summer of 1972—Ohio's EPA already is taking steps
to  implement  one  of the  nation's most effective
programs for  public participation.
  The state's  EPA  already has made plans to allow
free access to the  public by notifying citizens about
important  hearings  in the  future, holding hearings
thruout the state to allow citizens to testify easily; and
providing easy access to documents such as permit
applications and environmental impact  statements.
  David  Milenthal,  director  of  EPA's  Public  In-
formation Center in Columbus,  has even proposed
holding hearings during afternoon and evening hours
to obviate the  necessity of citizens missing work—and
pay—to participate  in rulemaking and  enforcement
processes.
  Here are a  few  highlights of Ohio's  program:
  * Notices of upcoming hearings will be placed  in
newspapers at least 30  days  before the  hearing  is
held.   Milenthal   has  proposed  that  in   large
metropolitan areas,  such  as Cleveland, notices should
be  placed in  all newspapers because  readership  is
split among them.
  The EPA will send personal letters of notification  of
hearings to air and water permit holders for regulatory
hearings. The  personal-letter list also includes 200 ac-
tive environmental  groups.
  * Hearings,  where possible, will be held in the area
in  which the  subject applies.  Thus,  a corporation
seeking a variance  from air pollution regulations may
find the  hearing  held near to those  citizens his
pollution affects.
  * The information center plans to report monthly  on
environmental  legislation   proposed  in  the  state
Capitol. The monthly report will contain the agency's
position on the bills.
  * The Public  Interest  Center  also intends to  in-
form  the  public   when  environmental  impact
statements are received by the agency. Environmental
groups also will  receive notification of the  impact
statements, most likely by region.
  The Ohio program provides the public with access
to  the decision-making  process, rather  than an-
nouncing actions after the fact. To do this,  the center
is making an effort to inform  the public at the ground
level  of rulemaking.
  Said Milenthal, "The public cannot comment if it  is
unaware of the existence  of a particular environmental
impact statement."
  That holds true for other functions of the EPA,  as
well.
PAGE  10

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GOVERNMENT
State   Actions
  The Michigan Department of Natural Resources an-
nounced in April it plans  to initiate a program to ex-
pand historical markers within the  state park system.
  The  plan  calls  for developing  30 historical  areas
within  10 years to highlight the state's past heritage of
mining,  lumbering,  shipping, agriculture;,  industry.
military affairs, and  Indian cultures.
  The state also  reports that commercial enterprises
have paid  $994.238 to  the; state, covering the cost of
monitoring their wastewater discharges.
MINNESOTA
  In April, the Minnesota Pollution  Control Agency
banned the use of asbestos in certain phases of con-
struction work, and required  manufacturing plants to
install baghouse filters to control the emission of the
material. The new regulation is the state's 17th specific
law  on air quality.  Asbestos,  according  to  some
research reports, has been shown to be a cause of can-
cer  when  inhaled.
  The agency also has approved two schedules for in-
dustry clean-ups. General Mills. Inc..  which operates
three plants in Minneapolis and Duluth. has agreed to
clean dust emissions, at a cost of $1 million, by mid-
1975. The Peavey Co.. which has  facilities in Min-
neapolis.  Hastings, and Shakopee.  has agreed to spend
$050.000  to clean up.
LOOKS  AHEAD
Land   Use,   Power
In   EPA  Future
  The  Washington.  D.C. office of EPA currently  is
making  final additions  and  revisions  for a  com-
prehensive  land use study.  A May. 1973 publication
date is anticipated.


  Also anticipated in May or (hereafter is  a Federal
Power Commission National Power Survey,  with data
obtained by a task force on fuels.


  Under a  Congressional mandate;, the EPA plans  in
May to complete the initial draft of a report on the; state
of the  art in controlling thermal  (heated)  discharges
into  waterways.


  In a move to expand international knowledge on the
environment, EPA and countries thruout  the world
have been  working out "swap"  agreements on en-
vironmental information  and  documents.   Such
cooperation was  one of the results of the  United
Nations Conference on the Human Environment held
last  summer in  Stockholm.  Sweden.
OHIO
  The  Ohio  EPA  held  hearings  on 20  major air
emission sources during April and early May. Fourteen
of the hearings  were concerned  with  determining
whether to approve air pollution clean-up schedules for
14 power  plants. Five clean-up schedules  also were
examined  during hearings with three major  rubber
producing  companies in the  state.  The state EPA also
conducted  a hearing on a request by Interlake  Inc.. of
Toledo, for a  variance  from  air pollution regulations.
  In all cases, the Ohio companies are being required
to meet federal and state air  quality standards by mid-
1975.
  From May  to June. EPA's noise control programs
division will pull together final documents relating to
aircraft and airport noise. The target date for a report
to Congress on the; issue; is June, and staff hopes to sub-
mit regulations pertaining to aviation ne>ise to the EPA
administrator in Se;pte;mber.
  EPA  in   May  will  begin  studying  the  testing
procedures and certification practices used  by foreign
auto manufacturers. The information is needed in or-
der to determine whether foreign cars meet  U. S. auto
emission standards.
                                                                                             PAGE 11

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Honor      Stream
  In  Illinois'  Cook  County,  (surrounding  Chicago)
some governmental groups and a citizens group yearly
pay more than lip service to the fight for clean water.
  Each  year, the  Cook County Clean  Streams Com-
mittee, a group of citizen pollution-watchers, holds an
annual Clean Streams Week to emphasize the need for
wise planning along Chicagoland's waterways, and the
recreational  potential of the rivers and streams.
  The citizen committee was formed nearly 10 years
ago and sponsored  by the county's Forest Preserve
District. It is charged with recommending policy to the
board  and   reporting  apparent  water  pollution
violations to the necessary state or local agencies.
  The committee, county,  and Metropolitan Sanitary
District  of  Greater  Chicago  jointly  sponsor  Clean
Streams Week, held  from  May 14 to 20 this year.
  The Sanitary District is planning a boat parade down
the Chicago River, and other agencies also will join in.
  But this week will be a special.  The annual Des
Plaines River Canoe Marathon, a 23.5-mile race, will, as
usual, cap off the events.
  But this year, the marathon will be  held as  an an-
niversary celebration for the discovery  of the  Illinois
Country and Mississippi River by Louis  folliet and
Father James Marquette 300 years ago.
  As  the racing canoes  launch on  May 20 in Liber-
tyville, a team  of Illinois canoeists will be paddling
their birchbark  canoes in St. Ignace, Mich,  to reenact
the famous 3,000-mile voyage of Marquette  and Jolliet
down the  Wisconsin and Mississippi  Rivers  to the
mouth of the  Arkansas  River.   The  Tricentennial
reenactment  crew, headed  by  Reid Lewis of Chicago.
will leave  on May 17. the same day their  French an-
cestors left in 1673.
  And meanwhile, on the Des Plaines, the canoeists
who finish the marathon race will  receive special com-
memorative  Tricentennial  patches,  and the winners
commemorative trophies.
  The race is sponsored by Cook and Lake County. 111.
and by  the Illinois Paddling Council.
  Indiana,  too.  is  getting into   the  act  of  river-
appreciation. On May 12. the Committee on Big Pine
Creek. Attica. Ind.. held a Big Pine Creek Appreciation
Day.
  It was a weekend  of canoeing, hiking, and camping.
and  for the second  year  many  of  the creek-lovers
canoed from Rainsville to Kramer. At night,  committee
members held campfire discussion and singalongs.
  The appreciation  day was  held to   aid Indiana's
Warren  County in preserving the creek. Both the com-
mittee and Friends of Big Pine Creek are  opposing a
proposed Army Corps of Engineers project to construct
a dam on the creek 2.7 miles north of its junction with
the Wabash  River.
                             Recalling
                                  A
                                 Past
                              Director
      William Ruckelshaus
  There's no payoff for writing eulogies for departed
bosses. Bill  Ruckelshaus was two or three levels of
bureaucracy removed from those of us here in Chicago
and we only worked with him now  and then. And I
don't know if anybody cares what we thought or think
of him, and especially now that he has moved on.  But
we're going to do it  anyhow.
  It was once said  that  Bill  Ruckelshaus  had more
power  than  a bad  man  would need or a good man
would  want;  but in his cool,  mild-mannered way he
managed that amount of power with amazing deftness.
  You could say a lot of things good about him. but  one
attribute  stands out above  all: horse  sense.  No matter
what decision he had to make—whether it was grant-
ing the auto industry a delay, banning DDT, or going
after some polluter—he used  good judgement. For a
public official performing during a period of crisis  and
lack  of  confidence  at  all governmental  levels,   he
walked the line and  kept  the faith.  For  that he was
maligned by both the prophets of environmental doom
and the hard-core polluters.
  After the auto decision  this year, there was  a great
feeling of confidence  within his staff, simply because
no one seemed satisfied with the decision—neither the
environmentalists nor the automakers.
  But those of us who had  an occasional chance to  see
the man close up found him to be not bigger than  life,
but one of us. One of the people is a  man who typifies
the  inherent American  feeling  that any  man  can
measure  up  to any job so long as he is hard-working
and uses  good sense, and especially if he has a sense of
humor.
  After helping  out  on visits of his to  Chicago.  I
received a nice photograph of him. which I was happy
to have. But I cherish the  letter that came  with it. It
noted  the enclosed photograph and  ended  by saying
"... at least  it will make a good dart board." It was
signed  "Bill."
  You  couldn't help but like  him.

                                —Frank Corrado
PAGE 12

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EPAlog



    EPA    Gets    New    Publications


                                           New  Films
   "A New Mandate," will be available for free loan  in Region V Offices,  Public Affairs, 1 N. Wacker Dr.,
 Chicago, sometime in May. Produced in Washington, the film deals with the Federal Water Pollution Control Act
 amendments passed by Congress last  year.

                            New Publications of General  Interest
   "Clean Air.  It's Up to You, Too," is a March publication from Washington. To date, it  is the  most  com-
 prehensive, factual publication on how to cut through  bureaucratic data  and red tape to react responsibly as
 citizens. It points the way to spotting loop-holes industry may mean to employ. The booklet is available from
 Region  V Public Affairs, 1 N. Wacker Dr.. Chicago, 60606.
   "A Citizen's Guide to Clean Air" is available in limited quantities, also, from the Region V Public Affairs office.
 It is published by the Conservation Foundation and provides a layman's interpretation  of the Clean Air Act and
 an overview of air pollution  problems.
   "Common Environmental Terms"  is a handy booklet that is a mini-dictionary of technical terms. It was com-
 piled by Gloria Studdard, of EPA's Atlanta office. The Region V office  in  Chicago can supply  the glossary.
   "The Challenge of the Environment: A Primer on EPA's Statutory Authority," tells in concise terms what the
 EPA can and cannot do in the war against pollution. Sections of the booklet are broken down into different kinds
 of pollutants. The booklet also  is available from the Region  V public affairs office.
   "Your World. My World." is a book written for young environmentalists. It describes, in  language children can
 easily understand, why we must work for a clean environment and what we all can do to  help. One copy of the
 book  is available, free of charge, from Region V Office of Public Affairs, but copies in  addition to  one are $1.50
 each.
 assessment of EPA's actions and effectiveness from December, 1970 to June, 1972. Single copies of the book are
 free from the  Region V Public  Affairs office.

                                    Technical Publications
   The National Technical Information Service, which is the federal government clearinghouse  for technical
 reports, studies, and research projects, publishes a booklet summarizing technical publications in "Environmental
 Pollution and Control." The booklet,  called "1973 NTIS Special Interest Publications." (the environment) is free
 of charge and can be obtained by writing the service, in care of the U. S. Department of Commerce,  5285 Royal
 Road, Springfield, Va., 22151. The NTIS also has a free  booklet describing the service and what it has available.
 The booklet's  order number  is  NTIS—PR—73—00.
   The Superintendent of Documents  also publishes a periodical catalog of U.S. government  publications available
 from the Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C. 20402. The catalog, which is free, lists both technical and
 non-technical publications.

                                       State Publications
   Illinois' Environmental Protection Agency has published a handbook  for environmental  action, entitled "Your
 Illinois World." It lists how citizens can spot areas needing environmental  improvement and how citizens can ef-
 fect that improvement. It is available, free of charge,  from the IEPA Public Information Section, 2200 Churchill
 Rd., Springfield, 111., 62706.

                                     The Federal Register
   By law, EPA and other governmental agencies are required to publish notices of rule-makings, regulations and
 public hearings in the daily Federal  Register. The register is available at most libraries (including the Region V
 library at 1 N.  Wacker Dr., Chicago)  or by an annual  subscription of $25 from the U. S.  Government Printing Of-
 fice, Washington, D.C. 20402.
   APRIL 4—EPA published two items on the pesticide Mirex. The first clarifies the instances in which Mirex
 may be used for the spring, 1973, growing season in the south .  The second item sets the points of inquiry to be
 pursued during July hearings on the use of the pesticide.

                                                                             Continued  on Page 14

                                                                                           PAGE 13

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EPAlog  .  .  .
   April 5—Contained in this register are interim regulations for ocean dumping, and procedures necessary to ob-
 tain a permit for interim permission to do so. Comments on the regulations must be submitted by June 4 ... Also
 in this issue are proposed rules regarding hearings on insecticides, fungicides, and rodenticides. The rules outline
 hearing procedures that will be used when EPA refuses to register a pesticide, cancels registration, changes a
 registration, or suspends registration of a pesticide ... In response to a petition submitted by BASF Wyandotte
 Corp., of Parsippany, N.J. the Administrator agreed to establish a .05 parts per million tolerance of the pesticide
 Bentazon on raw  agricultural commodity soybeans.


   April 6—Contained in this issue are the national emission standards for the first hazardous air pollutants to be
 regulated by EPA: mercury, asbestos, and beryllium. Included in the regulations are sample reporting forms for
 industries using the elements, and control techniques to limit their discharge.

   April 10—EPA extended its authority to regulate the pesticide DDT to intrastate use of the chemical. Effective
 immediately, use of DDT made, sold and used within a single state also falls under restrictions of the Federal In-
 secticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act. States are to regulate DDT's use along federal guidelines ... Three en-
 vironmental impact statements received by the Council on  Environmental Quality are for projects in Region V.
 One is a proposal by the U.S. Forest Service to open the Hoosier National Forest, Indiana, for off-road vehicles
 and to regulate their use.  The second is a Federal Aviation Administration airport project near Detroit Lakes,
 Becker County,  Minn. The third is a Department of Transportation project to build part of highway  1-70 near
 Vandalia, 111. All the impact statements are published by the National Technical  Information Service in
 Washington, D.C.

   April 11—EPA commented on three draft environmental impact statements for Region V in February. One was
 the  Donald  Cook  nuclear power plant in Michigan, with which the agency has environmental  reservations.
 Another was for a highway U.S.  131 proposal in Montcalm and Mecosta  Counties, Mich. The third was for the
 Social  Security Administration Payment Center, Chicago.

   April 12—The EPA Administrator has recommended that four battery-powered vehicles manufactured by the
 Boyertown Auto Body Works be certified  as low-emission vehicles ... Twenty-three objections were filed on
 EPA's  proposal to cancel registration of pesticides containing mercury. A hearing on the cancellation will be held
 at a date to be announced  ... In two federal Register items, the administrator advises that advisory circulars
 relating to what must be reported in information requesting vehicle model certification are available. Requests to
 receive these information circulars  can be sent to EPA's Office of Air and Water Programs, 401 M Street, S.W.,
 Washington,  D.C.

   April 17—EPA proposes  to exempt  states from certain limitations of pesticide uses  if an emergency exists
 within  that state. The exemption also would apply to federal agencies.

   April 18—EPA proposes regulations  governing  the preparation, adoption, and submittal  of  state  im-
 plementation plans under the Clean Air Act.

   April 19—The Council on Environmental Quality has received four  impact  statements for projects within
 Region V. The Army Corps of Engineers  proposes  a damming project  for the  Flint River. Genessee  County,
 Mich.;  the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources proposes to buy 7,000  acres along the Pine, Popple, and
 Pike Rivers; and the Department of Transportation proposes to build highways  to extend 1-69 in Charlotte, Mich.,
 and build the St. Marys south connector  in Auglaize,  Ohio .. .  EPA also sets forth the proposed rules and
 regulations for obtaining  information  on point pollution  sources under the National Pollutant Discharge
 Elimination System. Also published are the proposed forms for industry and municipal government.


   April 20—Tolerances for the  chemical pesticides  benomyl, cyprazine,  and ethephon  were  set  for raw
 agricultural fruits and vegetables. Also set were tolerances for endosulfan and an exemption for tolerances for
 xylene, when used in certain irrigation systems ...  Several companies also filed petitions requesting tolerance
 limits for some chemicals.

 PAGE 14

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EPA   ACTION          EPA    ACT/ON
  THOUGH THALLIUM sulfatc has been banned for
use as a home pesticide for seven years, several EPA
regional offices nationwide have reported finding the
chemical still being sold on hardware store shelves.
  The thallium product formerly was used to  control
rats, roaches and ants in homes and has been found to
be extremely hazardous to human health.
  For that  reason, the EPA has asked hardware stores
and other retailers nationwide to voluntarily surrender
any stocks of the chemical they may still have on their
shelves.
  Failure to do so could result  in prosecution. All such
pesticides are labeled as to the chemicals they contain.
so that  the  consumer is aware of what he is buying.
Reports of any thallium sulfate found in stores  should
be sent  to the Region V EPA. 1 N. Wacker Dr., Chicago.
II.. 60606.

  EPA Region V offices have begun sending  letters
to companies suspected of emitting the hazardous
air  pollutants  asbestos,  mercury,  and  beryllium.
More than  7,000 letters have  been sent to com-
panies, warning them  they must report  to EPA 90
days from  April 6 that they  are emitting the  sub-
stances.
  James McDonald. Region
V chief of enforcement, re-
ceived  a citation in April
from a  city  he forced  to
clean  up. The  mayor  of
Vincennes, Ind. congratu-
lated McDonald on his fair-
ness and judgement in re-
quiring  the city's  sewage
treatment plant  to remove
pollutants.
               (^
«•  II*   ll
                             James McDonald
  EPA appointed  two new  nationwide directors  in
April. Richard D. Wilson. 29. was appointed the direc-
tor  of stationary  source enforcement.  He  will be
responsible for controlling air and noise pollution from
a variety of  stationary, or fixed, sources. Lillian D.
Regelson was appointed deputy assistant administrator
for  water  planning  and  standards  by   William
Ruckelshaus,  EPA administrator. Mrs. Regelson, 45,
will be responsible for developing an overall  program
strategy for water pollution abatement.

  An Addison, III., company has pleaded guilty to six
charges  of  violating  the  federal  Insecticide,
Fungicide,  and  Rodenticide   Act.   United
Laboratories, Inc., in a case brought by EPA, was
fined $4,000 by Federal Judge Bernard  Decker. The
firm was ordered to pay a $500 fine immediately, and
the  remainder was  suspended during a one-year
probationary period.

  EPA and other  federal and  state agencies  are par-
ticipating  in  a  comprehensive  air  pollution  and
meteorological study in the St.  Louis metropolitan area
in Missouri and Illinois. Called "SLAPS,"  (for St. Louis
Air  Pollution Studies) the  study  will  evaluate air
pollution  from buildings, cars,  airports  and  how
weather affects it  in the area. Further information can
be obtained by writing the study at  P.O. Box 8068,
Laclede Station. St. Louis. Mo.. 63156.

  Indiana  recently was  awarded $105,900 in grant
funds for construction of sewage treatment plant im-
provements.  That brings EPA's grants to Indiana to
$466,000 for the  1973 fiscal  year ending July.

  In mid-April, the EPA issued long forms for ob-
taining wastewater discharge  permits  as required by
the Water Pollution Control Act. Cities  with more than
10.000 persons will be required to use  the long forms.
as will  industries that discharge more  than 50.000
gallons of  wastes  daily.
  Twelve water supplies in Region V have been ap-
proved as safe by the EPA for interstate use. That
brings to 85 the number of approved supplies in an
ongoing  program in the  region. The  latest  are:
Milwaukee, Madison, Manitowac,  La Crosse. Green
Bay,  Sturgeon  Bay,  Sheboygan,  Oshkosh,  and
Superior, all in Wisconsin; and Cleveland, Wellsville,
and Fairport Harbor, all in Ohio. The approvals are
required from EPA for water supplies used by bus,
train,  and aircraft passengers.
                         Region V EPA has completed comments on eight
                       environmental  impact  statements  for  projects
                       thruout the region. The comments may be obtained
                       from Region V Public Affairs, 1 N. Wacker Dr., 60606.
                       The  draft impact  statements as submitted  to the
                       agency,  however, must be obtained  from the
                       National Technical Information Service, U. S. Depart-
                       ment of  Commerce, Springfield, Va., 22151. The
                       eight are:

                                                  Continued  on Page 16

                                                               PAGE 15

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EPA   ACT/ON  .   .
  * U.S. Hwy. 6-Bypass of Bremen, Marshall County,
Ind.
  * Roscommon County  Airport,  Houghton  Lake,
Mich.
  * Bel Vista  Lakeside  Estates,  Shiloh,  St. Clair
County, III.
  * Proposed   Knife  Lake   Improvement  RC&D
Measure,  Kanabec County, Minn.
  * Proposed  development  at  the  Creator
Portsmouth Regional Airport,  Scioto County, Ports-
mouth, Ohio.
  * Trunk Hwy. 61 Minnesota City By-Pass.
  * County Trunk Hwy. "Y"—Spring Creek Dr., Lin-
coln and  Oneida Counties, I.D.  1595-0-00.
  * Meredosia  Levee and Drainage District  Local
Protection Project, Rock Island and Whiteside Coun-
ties, III.

  Four buttery-powered vehicles have been designated
as  "low-emission vehicles" by  EPA Administrator
William Ruckelshaus. Manufactured by  the Battronic
Truck  Corp.. Boyerlown, Pa., the vehicles now will be
judged by a certification  board  to  determine  if the
federal government should purchase  them  to reduce
pollutants  from vehicles.  The board has 180 days to
rule on the vehicles'  suitability. They include  a  van
carrying 2.500  pounds; a suburban  bus carrying  a
driver  and 11  passengers; a  transit  bus carrying  a
driver. 15  passengers, and 10 standees; and a bakery
van carrying 3,200  pounds of cargo.
  The Youth Advisory Board met April 13 and 14 in
Evanston,  III. During the meeting, the board com-
pleted planning for a summer-long study on citizen
participation. The project will be a case study of par-
ticular  citizen  participation  problems,  from  a
citizen's viewpoint. The board  also agreed to com-
ment  on  guidelines  for  environmental  impact
statements.

  EPA  proposed   on  April  18 that  states  set up
procedures  to  review  air  quality  impact  on  new
facilities that may generate  auto traffic. Though the
proposed rule does not  specify what sources must be
reviewed, examples of  significant ones are airports,
amusement  parks, highways, shopping centers, and
sports complexes. The ruling was made because of a
U. S. Court of  Appeals order that EPA assure states
adequately protect air quality by thoroughly reviewing
such traffic-generating facilities.

  Dr. Allen S. Lefohn has been appointed to head
the animal ecology branch  of the EPA's Nation En-
vironmental Research Laboratory  in  Corvallis,
Oregon. The branch is  one  of three new ones being
formed  in  Corvallis.  The  other  two will  study
pollution  effects  on   vegetation  and  integrate
research data  through  statistical methods.
           Printed on recycled paper.
                                   U.S- GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1973 754-317/P 0 NO. 2
      REGION  V  PUBLIC  REPORT
 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
           Office of  Public Affairs
          One  North Wacker Drive
           Chicago,  Illinois 60606

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           POSTAGE AND FEES PAID

        ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                 EPA-335
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