Pollution
Prevention
Workbook
TIT if TX TTT^OT^f
BUSINESSES
A Waste
Reduction
Guide for
Facilities in the
Chesapeake Bay
Watershed
Chesapeake Bay Program
A Watershed Partnership
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Pollution Prevention Workbook
BUSINESSES
Businesses for the Bay is the Chesapeake Bay Program's
voluntary pollution prevention program for businesses,
industries, government facilities, and other organizations
within the Chesapeake Bay watershed.
Businesses for the Bay thanks the Chesapeake Bay Program's
Pollution Prevention Workgroup for their assistance in
preparing this document.
Chesapeake Bay Program
A Watershed Partnership
CHESAPEAKE BAY
Businesses for the Boy also thanks the Elizabeth River Project
for granting permission to modify their "River Stars P2
Workbook". Their hard work and dedication to protecting
and restoring the Chesapeake Bay is greatly appreciated.
The Chesapeake Bay Program is a unique regional
partnership that has been directing and conducting the
restoration of the Chesapeake Bay since the signing of the
historic 1983 Chesapeake Bay Agreement. The Chesapeake
Bay Program partners include the states of Maryland,
Pennsylvania and Virginia; the District of Columbia; the
Chesapeake Bay Commission, a tri-state legislative body; the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, representing the
federal government; and participating advisory groups.
Businesses for the Boy is managed for the Chesapeake Bay
Program by the Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay.
Printed by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency for the Chesapeake Bay Program.
Printed with Vegetable Oil Based Inks on Recycled Paper 30% Postconsumer.
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Table of Contents
Introduction *
What is Pollution Prevention (P2)? 1
How Can You Help? 1
Businesses for the Bay 1
Getting Started 2
Developing a Pollution Prevention Plan 3
How to Do Pollution Prevention "
Facility Operations 7
Reducing at the Source 7
New Technology 7
New Concerns .- 7
Process Re-Design 8
Product Substitution 8
Energy Efficiency 8
Washing Facilities, Vehicles and Equipment 9
Outdoor Pressure Washing 9
Vehicle Fueling 10
Pesticide Use 10
Landscaping for Water Quality 11
Landscape Installation and Maintenance 12
Keeping a Clean Work Site : 12
Waste and Materials Storage 13
Spill Prevention and Clean-Up 14
Reuse 15
Recycling 15
eCycle 16
Waste Disposal 16
Purchasing and Accounting Practices 18
Track Costs by Process or Activity 18
Inventory Control 18
Damaged Materials 19
Recycled Materials 19
Packaging 19
Printed Materials 19
Alternative Fuel Vehicles 20
Employee Awareness & Involvement 21
Employee Involvement 21
Employee Recognition 22
Employee Commuting 22
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Public Relations & Community Involvement 23
Product Promotion 23
Sharing Experiences-Be a Mentor 23
Awards and Incentive Programs 23
Community Outreach Programs 24
Area Clcan-Ups 24
Appendix A - Environmental Contact Information A-l
Appendix B- Pollution Prevention Internet Resources B-l
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Introduction
The Chesapeake Bay watershed is one of our most important natural resources. The
64,000 square mile area that drains to the Chesapeake Bay, called the watershed, is home
to a wide variety of organisms, including birds, shellfish, trees, fish, and humans. With
so many dependent upon the Bay watershed, it is critical to protect and restore it.
What Is Pollution Prevention (P2)7
One of the best ways to protect the Bay is to prevent pollution and waste from entering
the waterways. Pollution prevention (P2) is a hierarchy of activities that eliminate or
reduce the amount of chemical contaminants or other wastes at the source of production.
Source reduction is the preferred method to addressing waste issues, followed by
reuse/recycling, then energy recovery. Treatment, followed by safe disposal, should be
used as a last alternative.
How Can You Help?
There arc a number of ways you can prevent pollution and waste at the source. This
workbook outlines more than 30 different strategies that your facility can implement to
help protect the Chesapeake Bay. Not only can these strategies be good for the
environment, they can be good for your facility's bottom line. In many instances,
preventing pollution can be less costly than treatment or disposal. Use this P2 Workbook
to guide you in selecting those P2 strategies that make the most sense for your facility to
implement.
Businesses for the Bay
Another way to help is by joining Businesses for the Bay. Businesses for the Bay is the
Chesapeake Bay Program's voluntary pollution prevention program for businesses,
industries, government facilities, and other organizations located throughout the
Chesapeake Bay watershed. More than SOO facilities have joined Businesses for the Bay
since the program began in 1996. These forward-looking facilities have all committed to
help protect the Chesapeake Bay watershed by preventing pollution and waste. Since
1997, Businesses for the Bay participants have prevented or reduced a total of more than
5 billion pounds of waste while saving more than $24 million. That's good for the Bay
and good for business)
By joining Businesses for the Bay, your facility gets the recognition it deserves for
implementing P2 activities to protect the Bay. In addition, you will be eligible for the
prestigious Businesses for the Bay Excellence Awards, given annually to those facilities
that have made great progress in achieving their P2 goals. Businesses for the Bay also
hosts various technical assistance workshops to help its participants learn more about P2
and new ways that they can prevent pollution at their facilities. As a participant, you will
also have access to the Businesses for the Bay Mentors, volunteers who can help you
with your pollution prevention needs. With so many benefits to your facility and the Bay,
it makes sense to join today!
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Getting Started
It's easier than you may think to get started preventing pollution and waste at your
facility. Begin by following these steps:
* Step 1 - Read this Pollution Prevention Workbook
Use the strategies outlined in this workbook to identify pollution prevention and
waste reduction opportunities at your facility.
* Step 2 - Conduct a Self-Evaluation
Take a look around your facility and get an idea of how you're doing with your
pollution prevention and waste reduction activities. By assessing where you are now,
you'll be able to quickly identify new opportunities to reduce your wastes and save
money. Businesses for the Bay and your state/district pollution prevention coordinators
are available to help you with this process.
* Step 3 - Set Your Goals
Once you've identified the opportunities that exist at your facility, you can begin
to set pollution prevention goals. Effective goals are achievable, measurable, observable,
flexible and demanding.
* Step 4 - Take Advantage of Free Services Available to You
Businesses for the Bay Mentors are just one of many free resources that exist to
help you implement your P2 activities. On-site advice, access to P2 literature, help with
presentations, identifying funding opportunities, and referrals to other local, regional or
national assistance providers are just a few of the services that you can take advantage of
to help you achieve your goals.
* Step 5 - Document Your Success
Be sure to document your progress along the way. Keeping records will help
you to see your successes in achieving your P2 goals and will help you when seeking
recognition through the Businesses for the Bay Excellence Awards program. Be
specific in recording when your goals are reached, amounts of waste reduced, and any
cost savings or other tangible benefits. Report your annual progress on-line on the
Chesapeake Bay Program's Website at http://www.chesapeakebay.net/b4bay.htm.
* Step 6 - Bask in the Recognition
Let others know of your successes and accomplishments. Businesses for the Bay
will help to promote the good P2 work you're doing at your facility.
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Developing a Pollution Prevention Plan
Strategy 1 Develop a Plan
DuPont set a
corporate-wide
goal of zero
waste and
emissions. The
company works
with all
employees to
implement
pollution
prevention
strategies
throughout its
operations.
Pollution prevention (P2) should be a facility-wide effort, supported by all workers.
It is important to write down your company's policies or goals regarding pollution
prevention and to share it with all company employees.
A P2 plan should outline the strategies your facility will take to eliminate wastes and
the steps needed to implement those strategies. It is important to have a plan written
down so that all employees can refer to it and have a clear understanding of the
facility's goals and objectives.
To be effective, a pollution prevention plan should include:
* The company pollution prevention policy. It is important to encourage all
employees to read and adopt this policy in their everyday activities.
* Pollution prevention goals. You may want to include specific goals in your
P2 plan, or just a process by which goals will be identified. If you develop
specific goals, be sure to include target dates for achieving the goals and
make sure they are part of the formal plan. Or, because the goals are likely
to change and be enhanced over time, you may want to have a separate
document for recording goals and progress. Goals should be achievable,
measurable, observable, flexible and demanding, and should incorporate the
following aspects:
Steps on how to implement the P2 plan
* Facility operations
Environmental management systems
Purchasing and accounting practices
Employee awareness and training
Public relations/community involvement
A P2 Leader. Identify one person who takes the lead on P2 efforts.
Typically, this is the environmental manager, but could also be the facility
owner/operator or an employee that has volunteered his/her time. The leader
should be able to track progress on the goals and report the results to the
group.
* A process for employees to participate in on a day-to-day level. For instance,
employees could form a Pollution Prevention Team that identifies and
evaluates potential pollution prevention opportunities. It is advantageous to
make this team "cross functional", incorporating people from different areas
of the company (engineering, accounting, etc.). Training may be necessary
for participation in this team and when/if new pollution prevention strategies
are implemented (such as the purchase of new equipment or when processes
change).
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A process for assessing the waste streams at your facility. This is commonly
referred to as a Pollution Prevention Opportunity Assessment. Waste types,
volumes/amounts, impacts, and costs should be documented for each process
that creates waste. This should cover wastes for all media: solid waste, water
waste streams and air. Make sure to identify the true costs of waste
generation - including costs associated with regulatory compliance,
paperwork and reporting, loss of production potential, materials in waste
stream, storage, transportation, treatment, disposal, employee exposure risks
and health care, and future liability. These costs should be allocated by
waste stream or process type, not buried in overhead costs. For more
information on how to conduct a pollution prevention opportunity assessment
and on environmental cost accounting for your waste streams, contact the
Businesses for the Bay Coordinator at 1-800 YOUR BAY. Once you go
through this process, it becomes apparent that using fewer resources and
preventing pollution at the source can be less costly in the end. In other
words, pollution prevention pays!
A method to track progress. Good record keeping is essential to measuring
your progress and showing your results. It is important to document specific
information about waste elimination, reduction, recycling, reuse, and
treatment, including types, volumes/amounts, and impacts. This information
should be as detailed as possible and should be divided by process. The
tracking method should be identified in the plan. However, you may want to
track the actual progress as a separate document. Once goals are selected,
measure baseline performance for the item so that progress can be measured.
For instance, if you decide to recycle a material, measure how much material
is currently recycled and how much was disposed as waste before you
implemented the recycling program. Then, after the recycling has been
implemented, measure the amounts that each of those categories has
changed. Other measurements to consider include disposal cost avoided,
number of employee hours required to implement, and training cost for
implementation.
A recognition or award program for employees. A great place to get P2
ideas is from your employees. It is important to recognize and reward
employees who identify P2 opportunities and promote environmental
awareness. By recognizing employee efforts, you encourage them to
continue looking for P2 opportunities and boost their morale.
Information for Awards and ^Mentoring Efforts. You may want to include
information in your P2 plan for any awards or recognition you receive for
your P2 efforts. The Businesses for the Bay Excellence Awards are just one
way to gain recognition. Do not hesitate to publicize your efforts or any
events you host to celebrate successes. The public really wants to hear about
positive environmental efforts, especially when they are voluntary! It is also
a good idea to record participation in community events and other
community awareness efforts such as helping another organization with P2
issues. Share information and technology with other companies that have
operations similar to yours. They may have ideas you haven't considered.
Warner-Lambert
Company
developed an
environmental
management
plan, -which
includes
objectives and
targets for the
many projects
conducted at this
pharmaceutical
manufacturing
facility. The plan
is reviewed
regularly by
management.
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Once your P2 plan is in place, periodically evaluate it and update it as needed. Ask
yourself if it still meets your facility's needs. Has the company's policy changed?
Does the P2 plan still reflect the company policy? Do we need to appoint another P2
leader? Should we change the format of our P2 team? Are we tracking our progress
accurately and with enough detail? What is our progress? Do we need to do another
assessment to look for additional P2 opportunities? Do we need to update our goals?
Are there any strategies that we have overlooked for obtaining more employee
support and participation? It is important to ask these questions regularly so that you
can always stay ahead with your goals and progress.
If you need any assistance along the way, Businesses for the Bay is here to help.
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How to Do Pollution Prevention
Once you have established the plan, you are ready to start preventing pollution to
meet your goals.
If you want to reduce or eliminate your wastes, it is very important to know what
they are, how much you are producing and where they are coming from. Waste
manifests, invoices for disposal, reports to regulatory agencies, sampling programs
and purchase orders, are all good sources of information about your wastes. Check
your dumpster or other waste storage area and inventory the types and amounts of
waste you see. You can do this process once, or, in order to get more accurate
information, repeat the process at different times over a,period of a month or two.
Don't forget to include releases to other areas, such as water or air. Make sure to
inventory the waste from each process (each individual process may have
independent waste storage areas). Ask yourself these questions:
* What is the main component of our waste? Chemicals? Solvents? Paints?
Nutrients? VOCs? Paper?
* Can we make our processes more efficient (or fine-tune them) to reduce the
waste?
* Are there any hazardous wastes that we could minimize by substituting
another, less toxic material somewhere in the process or by changing the
process?
* What can we do about our purchasing or inventory procedures to reduce the
waste?
* Is there anything in our waste that we could reuse or recycle?
* Is there anything in our waste that someone else may be able to reuse?
As you ask these questions, use the information in the following strategies to come
up with ways to reduce the wastes your facility produces. Minimizing waste should
be a top management priority. By reducing waste at the source your company can
save money and time and can become more efficient.
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Facility Operations
Reducing at the Source
Reducing pollution at the source, also called "source reduction", is the most effective
way to prevent pollution and waste from being created during your operations. By
going to the starting points of your operations, you can identify opportunities to fine-
tune your systems. Use the source reduction strategies (Strategy 2 - 14) to learn how
prevention can be the best medicine!
Strategy 2 New Technology
Proctor &
Gamble
Cosmetics
changed their
process to run
batches of
cosmetics
starting with
light colors.
They use fewer
raw materials,
create less
waste, and
increased
productions.
Investigate technologies that can help you eliminate or reduce your wastes or
emissions. Although purchasing new equipment may be costly, through the use of
environmental accounting one can see the long-term benefits and can determine the
payback for the equipment. Examples of new technology include:
ป Aqueous parts washers which can remove oil and grease from metal parts as
well as or better than solvent parts washers
* Wet cleaning techniques for dry cleaning, which eliminates the use of some
solvents
* Recovery systems for hazardous material used in processes
* Efficient high volume, low pressure spray guns
* Distillation units to recover solvents
Compact fluorescent lighting to reduce energy demands and costs
* Energy efficient products such as appliances, parts, engines or motors, and
vehicles
New Concerns
The heightened security since the tragic events of September 11 points to the
importance of secure storage and transfer of hazardous materials and provides further
incentive for the minimization of their use. Pollution prevention techniques
discussed in this workbook can help you to minimize your chemical materials usage
and waste streams. Individual facilities may also want to contact the Local
Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) for their jurisdictions to learn about
emergency response planning and procedures in their community.
"At this time of increased public awareness of the link between
energy security and homeland security...energy efficiency remains
the quickest, cheapest, cleanest way to reduce our nation's
dependence on foreign oil and increase national security. "
David M. Nemtzow, The Alliance to Save Energy
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The events of September 11 and continuing unrest in the Middle East also provide
further incentive to adopt energy efficiency measures. These investments often have
quick rates of return and are worth investigating. Your state pollution prevention
coordinator can help direct you towards assistance in identifying these opportunities.
For more information on protecting your employees and your workplace, consult the
U.S. Office of Homeland Security (OHS) at http://www.whitehouse.gov/homeland/.
Strategy 3 Process Redesign
It is not always necessary to change your equipment to improve your results.
Process redesign involves changing the process in order to reduce generated waste.
Examples include:
Using a physical means for paint removal (closed blasting facility) instead of
solvent based paint strippers
Using less packaging for the product (redesign product)
Finding ways to extend the life of hazardous materials which will in turn
minimize the amount of waste produced
* Capturing process water for reuse
Using smaller quality control samples and returning them back into the
process
Running batch processes
Strategy 4 Product Substitution
Substituting a less toxic material is an effective P2 technique. There are many
solvents and coatings that may be substituted with less hazardous ones. Many times
water can be used just as effectively. (Appendix B includes some Internet sites that
discuss alternatives to solvents and coatings.) It is important to realize that product
substitution may require some re-training of staff on the procedures for use of the
new product. When substituting products, consider the following:
Rather than detergents, use hot water/steam-cleaning methods for washing
oil off metal parts such as engines, tools and equipment.
Use non-solvent cleaners. You can also reduce pollution by using a solvent
parts washer with a recycling service or filtration unit.
Use non-chlorinated compounds rather than chlorinated ones; they are less
toxic.
Use waterless hand cleaners.
Try using safe cleaning alternatives such as baking soda and vinegar.
CustomPrint,
Inc. switched to
soy-based inks,
alcohol-free
fountain
solutions and
lowVOC
blanket washes
for its printing
operations.
The result is a
quality product.
Strategy 5 Energy Efficiency
Reducing energy consumption can saves money and helps to reduce pollution
associated with power generation (carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, mercury and
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nitrogen oxides). Educate your employees about switching off lights and equipment
when not in use. Look for office equipment and other products with the ENERGY
STARฎ logo on them. Purchase energy efficient lighting, such as compact
fluorescent bulbs, or use sensors that turn lights on only when a room is in use.
Install temperature control devices on air conditioning or heating units. You could
even use the money saved with energy reduction initiatives to have a party for
employees that will increase employee morale and educate them about efforts they
can make at home. Assistance in identifying cost-saving energy efficiency measures
can be obtained through state pollution prevention programs, state energy offices, the
U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Industrial Technologies
(www.oit.doe.gov/iac) and consultants, some of which offer "performance
contracting" which allows future energy savings to pay for capital improvements.
Strategy 6 Washing Facilities, Vehicles and Equipment
Prevent oil and grease, suspended solids, nutrients, heavy metals, toxics and other
contaminants entering the drainage system when washing equipment or vehicles.
Select a proper location for -washing. Wash vehicles and equipment at a
facility (on or off site) that drains to a sanitary sewer. Options include using
commercial washing facilities or inside your building with drainage to the sanitary
sewer.
Properly design any unenclosed-wash area. If you plan to wash vehicles or
equipment outdoors, then the wash area must:
Drain to an oil/water separator and then to the sanitary sewer
Be covered and/or bermed so that an area no bigger than 200 square feet drains to
the sanitary sewer
Be paved
Be well marked as a wash area and posted with signs prohibiting oil changes and
washing with solvents.
Use other options as a last resort. If it is not possible to connect a wash area
to the sanitary sewer, collect the water in a dead-end sump, tank, or other device for
transport to the sanitary system for proper disposal. Alternatively, place a temporary
plug over the storm drain and pump the accumulated water to the nearest sanitary
sewer. Call the local public works office for permission to temporarily block a city-
owned storm drain.
Sfrategy 7 Outdoor Pressure Washing
Pressure washing buildings, roofs, and pavement dislodges pollutants such as oil,
paint chips, and sealants. Allowing dirty or debris-laden wash water to enter the
storm drainage system violates local and state (aw.
Avoid pressure washing if possible. Use mechanical cleaning methods such
as brooms and wire brushes as much as possible.
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Manage the wastewater appropriately. If you can't avoid pressure washing,
use sandbags or other materials to divert the flow of waste to a grassy or vegetated
area that does not directly discharge to a storm drain. (NOTE: This method should
not be used if the water contains any hazardous substances.) If such a vegetated area
is not available, divert the wastewater to a temporary basin or other material or to a
storm drain catch basin which is not in the public right-of-way and which you have
temporarily blocked. Then, pump the water to a containment vehicle and decant it at
an appropriate disposal site. Alternatively, the runoff may be diverted to the sanitary
sewer system at the wash location if it meets your locality's discharge guidelines.
Dispose of solids. Solids remaining after the water has been removed need to
be cleaned up and properly disposed.
Strategy 8 Vehicle Fueling
Gas and diesel spills are common when vehicles are fueled. Fuels contain organic
compounds and metals that are harmful to aquatic life. If the fueling area is
improperly designed, oil and grease, metals, and toxics can be washed to the drainage
system in violation of state and local law. To minimize pollution, take the following
steps:
* Do not top-off vehicles during fueling. Overfilling causes spillage and vents
gas fumes to the air. Make sure automatic shutoff valves on the gas nozzles
work.
* Know the size of the tank you are filling and carefully watch the gauges to
avoid overfilling and spills.
Post signs that instruct fuel pump operators not to overfill gas tanks.
Overfilling causes spillage and vents gas fumes to the air.
* Pave the fueling area with cement concrete. Fuel deteriorates asphalt.
Design the fueling area as a spill containment pad. In other words, design it
so that any spills are contained and storm water runoff from adjacent areas
can't enter it.
* Cover the fueling area. This keeps rain from hitting the ground and washing
away any spilled materials. Ideally, the cover should extend several feet
beyond the spill containment pad.
* Keep suitable clean-up materials on-site to allow prompt clean up of any
spill. See Strategy 14 regarding spill prevention and clean up.
Strategy 9 Pesticide Use
Pesticide misuse or misapplication can be a human health hazard. It can also lead to
ground and surface water pollution and can be harmful to birds, fish and other
animals.
Integrated pest management (or IPM) is preferred method to controlling pests in the
Chesapeake Bay watershed. IPM is a pro-active approach where the best available
pest management methods to prevent pest damage are used and the hazards to
humans and the environment are minimized. Use of pesticides can be reduced
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dramatically by using IPM methods. Examples of IPM techniques include striking a
natural balance by letting natural predators such as birds, bats or toads eat your insect
pests and using hand removal, traps or diatomaceous earth (a dust that kills insects
such as aphids) in place of pesticides. Contact your state Cooperative Extension
Service for ideas controlling unwanted pests and to learn more about EPM. The EPA
office of Pesticide Programs also has information on IPM at their Website:
www.epa.gov/oppbppdl/ipm/index.htm.
Pesticides should only be used when less toxic options are not available. If you must
use pesticides, use the least toxic type and use only as directed. Avoid broad-
spectrum insecticides that are generally more toxic to non-target organisms such as
birds. Take care to follow directions for proper use and disposal of the product. Be
careful with leftover pesticides and their containers - they could be hazardous waste.
Always read labels. Contact your local public works or environmental agency for
information on proper disposal. Never pour excess pesticides on the ground into a
storm drain, sink drain, or ditch.
Install birdhouses and bat houses on the grounds of your facility. Installing bird
houses and bat houses at your facility is a good natural method of mosquito control as
well as a way to provide wildlife habitat. If your property has large natural areas,
you may wish to get consider implementing the "Wild at Work" Program of the
Wildlife Habitat Council (WHC) and create wildlife habitat areas. WHC provides a
kit for the program and offers WHC accreditation. For more information, see their
Website: www.wildlifehc.org/wildlifeatwork/index.cfhi.
Strategy 10 Landscape Designs for Water Quality
Plant selection and landscape design can significantly affect water quality through
their effects on water infiltration, storm water runoff, pest control, and maintenance
needs. Using native plants can help to eliminate or reduce the need for pesticides and
maintenance (such as watering or mowing). Planting native species to help improve
water quality is commonly referred to in the Chesapeake Bay watershed as
"Bayscaping". When turf is necessary, choose seed varieties recommended for your
region. Techniques for protecting water quality include:
* Collecting runoff in bioretention areas to treat and slow water runoff before it
enters the storm drains or waterways.
* Reducing high maintenance turf by planting perennial gardens, wooded
groves, hedgerows, beds of flowering and fruiting shrubs, or wildflower
meadows.
* Reducing or eliminating impervious surfaces (the paved surfaces that do not
allow water to penetrate into the soil). Replace pavement with stones or
pavers set in sand, or with mulched pathways.
* Create no-mow zones by planting natural buffers of trees, shrubs, flowers or
ground cover to protect sensitive areas like streams and drainage areas.
For additional information about Bayscaping and landscape designs, contact the
Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay at 410-377-6270 (Website: www.acb-online.org) or
contact your state Cooperative Extension Service.
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strategy 11 Landscape Installation and Maintenance
Landscape installation and maintenance methods affect both the amount of runoff
and the pollutants potentially washed into our waterways. Choose planting sites
based on soil, slope, moisture and light conditions. Be sure to use native plant
species (i.e., Bayscaping). Test the soil before you amend or fertilize it and reseed as
needed. Review your application schedules for eliminating or reducing fertilizer,
herbicides and pesticides. Follow state Cooperative Extension Service guidelines and
keep records.
When installing new plant material, do not bury the roots too shallow or too deeply.
Apply a layer of mulch no more than 3 inches deep and avoid mounding around
trunks of trees and shrubs. When possible, leave existing trees and shrubs in place.
Maintenance equipment and ground disturbance in the root zone can harm trees and
shrubs.
Strategy 12 Keeping a Clean Work Site
Why is it important to keep a clean work site? Any residue (such as paint chips,
metal shavings, or grease) on a surface that drains to a storm drain can be washed to
waterways. Disorganized work places also increase the chance of spills. Keep
surfaces that drain to the drainage system clean and organized. Remember to:
* Keep toxic materials separated from non-toxic materials.
* Organize the work place to avoid clutter. This can help you to easily find
products, will help reduce the chance of spills and can help you identify leaks
immediately.
* When transferring or diluting chemicals, use a funnel and place a tray
underneath to catch spills. Place drip pans under the spouts of liquid storage
containers.
* Regularly sweep or mechanically remove outside wastes such as those found
around the dumpster or on the parking lot.
* Place a tarp on the ground during remodeling, painting preparation work,
sandblasting, or other operations that can create dust or debris.
* Drain fluids such as unused gas, transmission and hydraulic oil, brake fluid,
and radiator fluid from vehicles or parts kept in storage. Recycle, reuse or
dispose of these fluids properly (see Strategies 5,6 and 18).
* Fix leaks on equipment and vehicles. Maintain equipment properly and
develop a system to report leaks promptly.
* Cover exposed soils with plants, gravel, or pavement depending on the use of
the area.
* Don't hose down your shop floor if the water can enter a storm drain. It's
best to sweep it.
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Strategy 13 Waste and Materials Storage
Proper storage of materials and wastes is very important. If materials and wastes
aren't properly stored, pollutants can leak or be washed out by rainwater and carried
into waterways and lakes. Consider the following options:
* Clearly label the contents of all containers.
* Don't mix different types of hazardous waste in a single container.
* Use suitable storage containers for your materials and wastes and store them
in an appropriate location.
* Make sure that your storage containers are in good condition and lined with a
material that won't react with the product or waste. Outdoor storage
containers should be rigid, durable, water tight, and rodent-proof.
* Handle containers in ways that won't cause ruptures or leaks, and keep them
tightly closed except when you're adding or removing the contents.
* Check with the fire department for containment requirements for reactive or
ignitable waste.
* Place re-usable plastic sheeting over stockpiles of substances such as sand,
gravel, soil, and lumber. Secure the cover with weighted objects such as
sandbags or old tires. This will prevent sediments and nutrients from
washing into the waterways. Better yet, build a covered area for stockpiles.
(Be sure it conforms to local and state regulations.)
* Inspect your dumpster area regularly and avoid placing liquids in the
dumpster. Spills and leaks from dumpsters are a common source of
pollutants, especially from facilities producing damp or oily wastes that are
compacted. If the dumpster leaks, it should be replaced. Alternatively, you
can isolate the area around the dumpster and drain it to the sanitary sewer
system.
* Keep the dumpster lid tightly closed to keep the rain out and prevent leakage.
A more foolproof approach is to build a cover over the dumpster. The
dumpster should also be locked to prevent others from using it to dispose of
hazardous products.
* Pave the storage area, install a drainage system, and treat the storm water
runoff.
* Dike and drain liquid storage areas. For liquid products or wastes stored
outdoors, surround the storage area with a curb or dike to provide volume to
contain 10 percent of the volume of all the containers or 110 percent of the
volume of the largest container, whichever is greater. If the storage area is
permanent, install a drain. For used oil, hazardous waste, or materials
controlled by the Fire Code, the liquid should drain to a dead-end sump;
otherwise, connect it to the sanitary sewer, after checking with your locality
for regulations.
* Obtain storage permits if needed. Businesses that accumulate or generate
more than 220 pounds of hazardous waste per month (or 2.2 pounds if
extremely hazardous) may also need a storage permit from the state/district
environmental department. Also, check with your municipality if you plan to
construct a storage area (or structurally modify the one you have).
13
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Strategy 14 Spill Prevention and Clean-Up
If you use paints, solvents, oils, gasoline, pesticides, or other materials that can spill,
your facility needs a spill control plan. This is true even if you handle materials that
are normally considered harmless (such as food), because only clean water belongs
down a storm drain.
Take steps to prevent spills. Examine your activities for ways to reduce the
chance of spills. For instance:
Organize the delivery and unloading areas. Ideally, loading or unloading
docks should have overhangs or door skirts which enclose the trailer end, and
should be designed to prevent run-off of storm water (e.g., by being
surrounded by a low berm).
* Use a funnel to transfer liquids from one container to another.
Keep trays on hand to catch spills from leaking or overheating cars.
* Store materials where they won't be knocked over.
Consider installing a spill control oil/water separator to prevent
contamination if a spill does occur.
Prepare a clean-up plan. Any facility that uses oils, gasoline, pesticides, or
even bulk food products should prepare for and know how to handle possible spills.
Generally, a clean-up plan includes a description of the facility, contact people to be
notified and specific clean-up instructions. Certain laws require facilities that
generate or store regulated amounts of hazardous waste to have a spill clean-up plan.
All facilities should have basic procedures to follow during a spill and these
procedures should be made clear to employees.
Clean up spills immediately. If a spill occurs, respond immediately and
follow your clean-up plan. Protect your safety and the safety of others. Do not enter
an area with spilled toxic materials without proper clothing and gear. Be sure to:
* Stop the source of the spill.
* Contain the spill. If the spill involves a liquid, block the flow by placing
absorbent materials along the edge of the spill. If there is a chance the spill
could enter the storm drain or sewer, cover the drain inlet (such as with a
rubber mat). If a spilled powder could blow away, contain it by covering it
with plastic or, if it won't react with water, by dampening it with wet towels
or a light water spray.
* Cover liquid spills with absorbent material. Use materials that can be swept
or picked up such as kitty litter, shop rags, sawdust, or vermiculite. The idea
is to contain - not disperse - the spill, so don't use emulsifiers or dispersants.
For solids such as powders, sweep or wipe up the material.
* Report the spill to the appropriate authorities and call for help as needed. If
the spill presents a hazard to public health or safety, call 911 immediately.
* For large spills, consider using the services of a private clean-up firm.
* Properly dispose of clean-up materials. Never wash spilled materials down a
sanitary sewer or storm drain. Cleaning products used to absorb a hazardous
14
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waste (such as vermiculite used to soak up spilled degreasers) cannot be put
in the garbage. They may be considered hazardous waste and should be
disposed of accordingly. Contact your local authority for disposal
requirements.
Strategy 15 Reuse
If you still have pollution and waste after implementing the source reduction
strategies described above, there are still options for preventing those wastes from
being disposed. See if others can use your leftovers. Many times, there are other
uses for those things that are considered waste. For example, used motor oil can be
burned for heat in certain types of space heating equipment, a neighboring facility
may be able to use leftover paint or other materials, dirty solvent from one process
may be clean enough to use in another process, scrap wood may be turned into
mulch, or used furniture can be given to a charity or to employees.
Consider using a waste exchange service. A waste exchange service helps those
looking for raw materials find them from the wastes of others. These types of
services, usually operated through the Internet, will post descriptions of your wastes
for others to see so that they may "shop" for their raw materials. In other words, your
"trash" may be another person's "treasure". Fees may be associated with waste
exchange services, but they should be weighed against all of the costs associated with
treatment and disposal. See Appendix B for a list of waste exchanges and their web
site addresses.
Canon
Virginia, Inc.
encourages
customers to
return their
spent toner
cartridges
for reuse at
the plant.
Strategy 16 Recycling
If you still have wastes after exploring source reduction and reuse opportunities, then
consider recycling. Take advantage of opportunities to recycle whenever you can.
Here's how to make recycling work:
Separate wastes. Keep your wastes in separate containers according to the
type of product, and keep records of the container contents (if possible, keep
materials in the original container). Combining different types of waste can prevent
recycling and greatly increase disposal costs. For example, uncontaminated waste oil
can be recycled, whereas waste oil mixed with solvents requires a much more costly
and complicated disposal process.
Use recyclable materials. The following materials are potentially recyclable:
* Used antifreeze
Used tires
Used car batteries
Engine and lubricating oil
Uncontaminated gasoline and brake fluid
ป Some solvents such as degreasing agents and paint solvents
* Building materials such as concrete, asphalt or drywall
Metal scraps
R.R. Donnelley
&Sons
Company, a
commercial
printer,
recycles spent
aluminum
printing plates,
film, fiber
cores from
paper rolls,
and scrap
metal among
other items.
15
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Latex paint
Cooking oil, fats and greases
Paper and cardboard
Container glass, aluminum and tin
Check the Internet sites listed in Appendix B to learn more about using and
purchasing recycled products.
Keep receipts. For documentation purposes, always keep receipts from the
recycling vendor showing the amount and specific types of wastes recycled.
Compost landscaping waste. Consider installing a compost facility at your
own site and, encourage clients and customers to compost, too. Be sure to locate
your compost area so that it doesn't leach into a waterway or storm drain. Leave
grass clippings to decompose on the lawn. Leaves (ideally shredded first) can be
used as mulch on flowerbeds or composted. Similarly, woody waste can be shredded
for mulch. If you can't compost on-site, call your locality to find out about yard
waste collection and disposal opportunities.
eCycle
eCycling refers to the recycling of consumer electronics, particularly computer
hardware (CPUs, monitors, keyboards), televisions, and cell phones. eCycling keeps
these items from taking up room in a landfill and leaching heavy metals such as lead,
mercury and chromium. Of particular concern is the hazardous material, lead, which
is found in the cathode ray tubes in your computer monitor.
Many of the larger computer manufacturers offer some form of recycling or reuse.
Best Buys, Hewlett Packard, and Gateway all offer computer eCycling or takeback
programs. Consider donating your old computers, monitors, cell phones to a local
non-profit organization of your choice. You may also be entitled to a tax deduction
from your donation. For more information on eCycling, see the Websites listed in
Appendix B under "Electronic Recycling and Pollution Prevention."
Recycle not only your computer hardware but your cell phones as well. Cell phone
batteries may contain mercury, lead and cadmium that may eventually leak into
groundwater from landfills. Some Centers for the Prevention of Domestic Violence
will accept the donation of a cell phone.
Recycle:
* Computers
ป Televisions
ป VCR/DVD
Players
ป Fax/copy
machines
Cellphones
ป Stereos
ป Hand-held
Pilots
Videogames
Strategy 17 Waste Disposal
Disposal should be a last option. If it is not possible to completely eliminate all
waste produced, proper waste disposal is extremely important to avoid both
environmental and legal problems. Remember: businesses may be financially and
legally responsible for their waste disposal even if a waste contractor handles it.
Although the business owner has ultimate responsibility for the proper disposal of
hazardous and solid waste, employees may also be legally liable. When disposing of
waste, follow these steps:
16
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Identify whether your waste is considered hazardous. Proper waste disposal
depends on the chemical properties of the waste. A hazardous waste is a solid,
liquid, or gas that could pose dangers to human health, property, or the environment
and can no longer be used for its intended purpose. Likely hazardous wastes include:
* Paints, thinners and solvents
* Cleaning and polishing fluids
* Coolants
* Pesticides
* Petroleum products
* Rags completely saturated with gasoline or other hazardous materials.
Other materials that burn or itch on contact with skin, dissolve metals, wood, paper,
or clothing, or bubble or fume upon contact with water are also likely to be
hazardous. If you don't know whether a product or waste is hazardous, check
snipping papers, material safety data sheets (MSDS) and product labels. Assume a
substance is hazardous until you find out otherwise. Prior to safe disposal, place the
substance in a sealed container, label it, and store it in a safe place.
If wastes are hazardous, determine the quantity. Is less than 220 pounds produced per
month or batch (2.2 pounds if the waste is extremely hazardous) or accumulated at
any time? Businesses that generate more than this amount have greater disposal
requirements and may be considered a small-quantity generator (SQG). You may be
required to dispose or recycle your wastes through a recycling firm, treat them on-site
or have them treated through a treatment, storage and disposal (TSD) facility. Be
sure to consult federal, state, and local regulations for specific requirements.
Determine the best disposal method. Recycling or finding someone who can
use the waste are preferred over disposal. Read the disposal section of the material
safety data sheet (MSDS) to determine the proper disposal of a specific product. The
fact that a waste isn't hazardous doesn't automatically mean it can go into your
dumpster or down your drains. There are limits on what can go down the sanitary
sewer. Call your local authority for details. Never dump wastes down a storm drain
or onto the ground.
17
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Purchasing & Accounting Practices
Purchasing and accounting practices are important to the waste reduction process.
By taking a close look at your inventory purchasing and control practices, you may
be able to identify additional source reduction opportunities. And, when you start to
look at the costs of prevention versus the costs of treatment and disposal, you will
probably see that preventing pollution pays!
Strategy 18 Track Costs by Process or Activity
Until the all the costs for a particular process or activity are clearly attributed to that
process or activity, it will be difficult to know what the true cost of that activity is
and how much the initiation of a pollution prevention strategy in that process will
save. For example, if a particular process generates hazardous waste, the waste
disposal costs, regulatory compliance costs, sampling and analysis costs, reporting
costs, insurance costs, worker health costs, environmental liability costs, as well as
other expenses should all be attributed directly to that process when examining cost
savings.
Sometimes costs can be hidden. It is important to look at all departments that may be
involved in the activity or process you are examining. Be sure to work with your
accounting department to obtain accurate information about costs and expenses.
There are several computer programs that will help you to identify cost savings and
costs savings opportunities. Once you can look at the whole picture, you are likely to
see that the P2 activity you are considering will pay off in the long run.
Strategy 19 Inventory Control
Use the following tips to control your inventory to prevent waste and save money.
Buy only what you need. Purchase products in amounts that can be used
completely within a given period of time. Maintain a good inventory control system
to prevent unnecessary purchases.
Purchase products that are durable. Products that will last longer are a good
investment. Recommend them to your customers. Maintain equipment and products
so they last as long as possible.
Buy the least toxic products available. Where possible, select those materials
that do not contain toxic ingredients. Be sure to read labels and look for terms such
as "non-toxic". Review Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs) prior to purchasing
materials.
Limit or eliminate outdated materials. Make sure all inventory is dated and
that there is a procedure in place to use older materials first. Consider working with
White Oak
Semiconduct
or -worked
with their
supplier to
develop a
"just-in-
time"
inventory
system to
reduce their
expired
chemical
wastes.
18
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your suppliers to develop a "just-in-time" delivery system, where the materials you
need are delivered to you shortly before you need them. This will help you to reduce
the amount of expired materials on your shelves, and your risk in handling and
shoring those materials.
Strategy 20 Damaged Materials
If materials arrive damaged, request your supplier take them back. These materials
should not become part of your waste stream. Contact your supplier to make sure
they will take back damaged materials. Work with your receiving department to
develop a system to return damaged materials.
Materials or supplies that become damaged in the course of your operations might be
usable in another application. Be sure to consider all reuse and recycling options
before throwing the material away. If materials damaged during operations are a big
part of your waste stream, consider implementing an employee training program or
examining the handling process/procedures to decrease the opportunity for damage to
occur.
Strategy 21 Recycled Materials
Purchase products made from recycled materials. Look for those products with the
highest post-consumer content. Purchasing of recycled products is necessary to close
the recycling loop. Markets for the recycled materials collected from your business
will develop only when you buy back the recyclables in the form of new products.
Buying recycled products also encourages energy and resource conservation. To find
out more about buying products made from recycled materials, contact your vendors
or your state's pollution prevention office and visit the web sites listed in Appendix
B.
Strategy 22 Packaging
Evaluate the amount of packaging materials used in the items you purchase. If you
are generating a lot of waste as a result of over-packaged raw materials, work with
your supplier to reduce these wastes. One option is to purchase items in bulk, as
longs as you can utilize the supply before it may expire (See Strategy 19). Another
option is to work with your supplier to use reusable containers that can be sent back
to the supplier for refills. Examine the amount of packaging you use in the products
you make. Reduce packaging materials where feasible.
Strategy 23 Printed Materials
When you send off materials to be printed, support the cause of pollution prevention
elsewhere by having them printed with soy-based inks on recycled paper. Encourage
your customers, suppliers, and vendors to do the same.
19
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Strategy 24 Alternative Fueled Vehicles
PEPCO, an
electric utility,
uses alternative
fueled vehicles in
their fleets.
When purchasing vehicles for your facility's fleet, consider using alternative fueled
vehicles. Alternative fuel vehicles use clean-burning fuels such as compressed natural
gas (CNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), methanol, ethanol, and electricity. They
may be built by the original manufacturer or traditional vehicles may be converted to
use alternative fuels. Alternative fueled vehicles include dedicated vehicles which use
only one fuel, bi-fuel vehicles which use two different fuels at different times, or
flex-fuel vehicles which can use two or more fuels (usually gasoline and methanol or
ethanol) simultaneously. Financial incentives may exist in your area to encourage the
purchase of these types of vehicles. For more information about incentives and
alternative fueled vehicles, contact your state/district energy office or pollution
prevention coordinator.
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Employee Awareness & Involvement
Keeping your employees informed about pollution prevention issues and
opportunities is critical to reducing your pollution and wastes. Use these strategies to
engage employees and get them involved in the P2 process.
Strategy 25 Employee Involvement
Many of the steps you can take to prevent pollution need to be followed on a daily
basis. Therefore, employee education is key to success.
"In-house" training. All employees should be aware of those practices that can
prevent pollution as well as those that may create potential pollution problems. You
may want to incorporate pollution prevention training into another training program
you conduct on a regular basis. Remember to budget for this training. Consider
incorporating the following into an "in-house" training program:
Incorporate the strategies in this workbook into your training sessions. Be
sure to provide new training when a procedure changes or when new
equipment is purchased.
Explain your company's P2 strategies and goals with employees so they
understand why certain procedures must be followed. Post your goals for all
to see.
Include P2 concerns in new employee orientations and in written procedures.
Provide employees with proper disposal guidelines.
Once a training program is hi place, monitor workers to determine the effectiveness
of the training. Remember to provide daily feedback on observed behavior to
encourage P2.
Solicit employee ideas. Ask your employees to identify pollution prevention
opportunities. One easy way to do this is to post a "P2 Suggestion Box" where all
employees have access to it (such as the lunchroom). Another is to develop
employee teams and give them the responsibility of identifying opportunities at your
facility.
Participate in other educational opportunities. Encourage employees to
attend workshops and read educational materials to learn more about P2. Attend
relevant conferences or courses such as those sponsored by your trade association or
community college.
Visual Reminders. Post an explanation of your P2 policies and strategies in
areas where employees will see them. Display signs or posters with P2 tips to keep
employees involved. Include P2 issues or articles in staff minutes or a company
newsletter.
Parker's
Exxon, a small
automotive
service station,
trains all of its
workers and
asks them to
sign a contract
stating they
recognize their
role in
preventing
pollution.
Siemens
Automotive
uses employee
teams to
identify P2
opportunities
throughout its
facility. One
team saved the
company
$93,000!
21
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Strategy 26 Employee Recognition
NORSHIPCO
awards its
"Environmental
Star of the
Month " with
$50, a good
parking space
and recognition
in the company's
newsletter.
It is important to offer positive recognition to employees who are preventing
pollution at your facility. Recognition not only awards those who are actually
"living" your company policy, but encourages others to follow their example. It also
helps to boost employee morale.
Create incentives for developing or implementing P2. Incentives help to encourage
employees to prevent pollution and to get involved. Employees that identify P2
opportunities deserve special recognition. Some examples of incentives include:
* Naming an "Environmental Employee of the Month." Post their picture and
story in an employee newsletter.
Providing a gift certificate, cash awards, paid time off from work, or special
parking space for employees that identify a new P2 opportunity.
Offering an employee who contributes a pollution prevention idea a
percentage of cost savings resulting from that idea.
Make pollution prevention apart of job performance. Make it known how
committed your organization is to pollution prevention by incorporating contributions
to your pollution prevention efforts into performance evaluations.
Strategy 27 Employee Commuting
Reducing the number of miles your employees commute each day is important to
improving the air quality in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Encourage employees to
carpool, use mass transit or walk to work. Install a bike rack to encourage cycling to
work (it's good exercise, too). Offering employees the option of telecommuting is
another valued employee benefit. Contact your state/district transit authority to learn
about incentives such as commuter tax credits or making mass transit tickets
available for sale at your business.
22
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Public Relations & Community
Involvement
Showing clients and your community what you are doing to protect the Chesapeake
Bay and its rivers is good public relations. Getting your neighbors to do their part
can also be good for business and the Bay.
Strategy 28 Product Promotion
Provide educational materials to customers. Why not share your values and pollution
prevention policies or mission with your customers? You may find that many
customers are glad to know that they are supporting a company that promotes
pollution prevention and other environmental initiatives. If you produce a product
and it is now cleaner or more "environmentally friendly" due to a product substitution
or process change, let your customers know. If you recycle and use non-toxic
cleaning products in your office, or use energy efficient equipment, tell your
customers and patrons. Not only can pollution prevention save you money; it can
improve your image and increase patronage.
Strategy 29 Sharing Experiences - Be a Mentor
Help other facilities learn about pollution prevention and your P2 experiences. The
only way pollution prevention is going to have a significant impact on the
Chesapeake Bay is if more and more facilities get involved. An excellent way to
make sure participation increases is to mentor another facility. Ways you can share
your expertise include:
* Become Businesses for the Bey Mentor! Contact the Businesses for the Boy
Coordinator at 1-800-YOUR BAY to learn how.
Give a presentation at another local business.
Share your pollution prevention success stories with others.
* Help another facility develop their own pollution prevention goals.
Assist another facility with setting up an employee recognition program or
other P2 strategy.
Sponsor a workshop on pollution prevention or good management practices.
Need help
with your
P2
strategies?
Contact
one of
more than
100
Businesses
for the Bay
Mentors.
Strategy 30 Awards and Incentive Programs
Are you
doing great
P2 work?
Contact the
Businesses
for the Bay
Coordinator
for an
Excellence
Awards
Application!
Consider applying for the Businesses for the Bay Excellence Awards, or other local
or national environmental awards. Receiving an award for your P2 initiatives can:
Promote these initiatives within your organization
* Improve employee awareness
* Improve your company image
* Make your company more viable as a mentor to other facilities.
23
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Contact the Businesses for the Bay coordinator for information ion how to apply for
Excellence Awards. The Businesses for the Bay Excellence Awards are presented
annually to those facilities that have implemented outstanding pollution prevention
activities and have achieved significant progress toward their P2 goals.
Strategy 31 Community Outreach Programs
In addition to sharing your pollution prevention strategies with other businesses, help
educate the community about P2. Put up a display at a local environmental event or
give a tour of your facility to your residential neighbors. Talk to children at a local
school about pollution prevention or recycling. Start a Community Advisory Panel to
share facility news with the surrounding community. By getting the community
involved, you help raise awareness about the benefits of P2.
Strategy 32 Area Clean-Ups
Host a "Clean the Bay Day" or other community clean-up event. This is an excellent
way to market your company's P2 efforts while encouraging others to appreciate
their natural surroundings. Partner with community organizations and volunteer
groups to help organize the event.
Hercules, Inc..
a manufacturer
of cellulose
derivatives,
participates in
a local
Community
and Industrial
Panel.
24
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Appendix A
Environmental Contact Information
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
General Information
D.C. Department of Health
Environmental Health Administration
51 N Street, ME, 6th Floor
Washington, DC 20002
(202) 535-2500
www.dchealth.com
Pollution Prevention Information
Pollution Prevention & Waste Minimization Officer
Office of Special Programs and Compliance Assistance
(202)535-2305
Small Business Assistance
Ombudsman for Small Business Assistance
D.C. Environmental Health Administration
(202) 535-2500
Reporting Spills
Contact the Mayor's Command Center to report any spills. Note the date, time
and location.
(202) 727-6161
MARYLAND
General Information
Maryland Department of the Environment
1800 Washington Blvd.
Baltimore, MD 21230
(410) 537-3000 or (800) 633-6101
www.mde.state.md.us
Pollution Prevention Information
Pollution Prevention Coordinator
MDE Pollution Prevention Program
(410)537-4119
A-l
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Small Business Assistance
Small Business Assistance Program
(410) 537-4158
Reporting Spills
To report spills or other problems causing pollution or damaging wildlife habitat,
note the location, time of day, and other pertinent information and report the
problem immediately.
(410) 974-3551 (available 24 hours)
PENNSYLVANIA
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection
Rachel Carson State Office Building
400 Market Street
P.O. Box 8772
Harrisburg, PA 17105-8772
(717)783-2300
www.dep.state.pa.us
Regional Offices
Northeast Regional Office, Wilkes-Barre (717) 783-9981
Southeast Regional Office, Conshohocken (570) 826-2475
South Central Regional Office, Harrisburg (610) 832-6021
North Central Regional Office, Williamsport (717) 705-4797
Northwest Regional Office, Meadville (814) 332-6816
Southwest Regional Office, Pittsburgh (412) 442-4343
Pollution Prevention Information
Pollution Prevention Coordinator
PA DEP Office of Pollution Prevention & Compliance Assistance
(717) 772-8926
Small Business Assistance
Small Business Assistance Program
(800) 722-4743
Small Business Ombudsman
(717)772-5942
Reporting Spills
When you notice a problem that could be causing pollution or damaging wildlife
habitat, note the location, time of day, and other pertinent information and report
the problem immediately.
(800) 541-2050
A-2
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VIRGINIA
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
Toll Free (800) 592-5482
Environmental Emergencies (800) 468-8892
Virginia Department of Environmental Quality
629 East Main Street
P.O. Box 10009
Richmond, VA 23240-0009
(804) 698-4000
www.deq.state.va.us
Regional Offices
Tidewater Region (757) 518-2000
Southwest and Roanoke Regions (276) 676-4800
Pollution Prevention Information
Pollution Prevention Coordinator
VA DEQ Office of Pollution Prevention
(804) 698-4545
Small Business Assistance
Small Business Assistance Program
(804) 698-4394
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
U.S. EPA Headquarters
Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics
Pollution Prevention Division
1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
www.epa.gov
EPA REGION III
1650 Arch Street
Philadelphia, PA 19103-2029
(800) 438-2474
www.epa.gov/region03
A-3
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Pollution Prevention Information
Office of Environmental Innovation (OEI)
(215)814-2761
Small Business Assistance
Business Assistance Center
(800)228-8711
Small Business Ombudsman
(800) 368-5888
Pollution Prevention Information Clearinghouse
(202) 566-0799
http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/library/ppicindex.htm
Pollution Prevention Information Clearinghouse - Resource List
Tools, programs, and publications
http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/library/ppicdist.htm
A-4
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APPENDIX B
Pollution Prevention Internet Resources
Lots of great pollution prevention information can be found on the Internet.
Below is just a sampling of the many web sites available to help you implement
the pollution prevention strategies outlined in this workbook. Most have links to
other web sites with additional information.
Businesses for the Bay
For information about Businesses for
the Bay and how to join, go to: www.chesapeakebay.net/b4bay.htm
Compliance Assistance Centers
Automotive Services and Repair: www.ccar-greenlink.org
Local Government Assistance Network Center: www.lgean.org
Metal Finishing: www.nmfrc.org
National Agriculture Compliance
Assistance Center: www.epa.gov/agriculture/
Painters and Coatings Center: www.paintcenter.org
Printer's National Environmental Assistance Center www.pneac.org/
Printed Wiring Boards: www.pwbrc.org
Transportation Compliance Assistance Center: www.transource.org
Electronics Recycling and Pollution Prevention *
EPA Wastewise http://www.epa.gov/wastewise/
International Association of Electronics Recyclers http://www.iaer.org/
Electronic Industries Association www.eia.org/
Home Electronics Recycling Grants
B-l
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National Recycling Coalition www.nrc-recycle.org/resonrces/electronics/
Electronics Recycling Initiative
Northeast Recycling Council (NERC) www.nerc.org
EPA Waste Reduction Resource Center www.p2pays.org
Provides P2 information on industry sectors.
Electronics - Managing Discarded Electronic Products
Reuse and Recycling www.p2pays.org/rbac/main/markets.htm
U.S. Green Building Council www.usgbc.org
Information on green purchasing and building management.
Electronic Takeback Programs
Best Buys Retail Stores http://64.45.49.154/bbyvpr/nr20010419-6.asp
Gateway Recycle http://www.gateway.com/home/programs/recycle.shtml
Hewlett Packard
http://www.hp.com/hpinfo/community/en\dronment/recycle/index.htm
IBM http://www.ibm.com/ibm/environment/
Energy & Water Efficiency
Department of Energy-Alternative Fuels
Data Center: www.afdc.nrel.gov
Department of Energy-Energy Efficiency and
Renewable Energy Network: www.eren.doe.gov
Solstice Sustainable Energy Information: www.solstice.crest.org
U.S. EPA Energy Star Programs & Products: www.energystar.gov
Water Wiser: www.waterwiser.org
World Energy Efficiency Association; www.weea.org
B-2
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Environmental Accounting
P2 Finance
E2 Finance
General P2 Information
Center for Sustainable Systems:
EnviroSense:
Green Hotels Association:
Local Government Environmental
Assistance Network:
Maryland Center for Environmental Training:
National Pollution Prevention Roundtable:
Toxics Use Reduction Institute:
U.S. EPA Office of Pollution Prevention & Toxics:
Virginia Environmental Services Network:
www.tellus.org/general/software.html
www.tellus.org/general/software.html
www.umich.edu/~nppcpub/
es.epa.gov
www.greenhotels.com
www.lgean.org/
http://www.mcet.org/
www.p2.org
www.turi.org
www.epa.gov/p2
www.vesn.org
Landscaping & Bayscaping
Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay:
Maryland Department of
Natural Resources:
National Wildlife Federation
Backyard Wildlife Habitats:
U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service
Chesapeake Bay Program Field Office:
Virginia Dept. of Conservation &
Recreation's Natural Heritage Program:
www.acb-ordine.org
www.dnr.state.md.us/wildlife/habitatfw.html
www.nwf.org/backyardwildlifehabitat
www.fws.gov/r5cbfo/
www.state.va.us/~dcr/vaher.html
B-3
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Product Alternatives
CAGE - Coatings Alternatives Guide: www.cage.rti.org
SAGE - Solvent Alternative Guide: www.clean.rti.org
Waste Reduction Resource Center's
Industry Sector Information: wrrc.p2pays.org/industry/indsector.htm
Publications
Pollution Prevention Information
Clearinghouse (PPIC): www.epa.gov/opptintr/library/libppic.htm
Waste Reduction Resource Center P2 Infohouse: wrrc.p2pays.org
Pollution Prevention
Resource Exchange (P2Rx) www.p2rx.org
Pollution Prevention Resource Exchange
(P2Rx) for Regions 3 and 4 wrrc.p2pays.org
Recycling and Buying Recycled
Buy Recycled Information:
www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/airwaste/wm/recycle/Buy/Buy.htm
The Loading Dock: www.loadingdock.org
Northeast Maryland Waste Disposal Authority: www.mdrecycles.org
Recycler's World: www.recycle.net
State/District Pollution Prevention Offices
District of Columbia Dept. of Health's
Environmental Health Administration: www.dchealth.com/eha
Maryland Department of the
Environment: www.mde.state.md.us/permit/p2prog.html
B-4
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Pennsylvania Dept. of Environmental Protection's Office of Pollution Prevention
& Compliance Assistance:
www.dep.state.pa.iis/dep/deputate/pollprev/pollution__prevention.html
Virginia Dept. of Environmental Quality's
Office of Pollution Prevention: www.deq.state.va.us/p2/
Sustainable Building, Design, Development and Manufacturing
Maryland Department of Natural Resources
Green Buildings Program www.dnr.state.md.us/programs/greenbuilding
SUNetwork www.sustainableusa.com
U.S. Green Buildings Council www.usgbc.org
Virginia Center for Stewardship www.sustainableusa.com/va
World Business Council for Sustainable Development www.wbcsd.ch
Technology Resources
TechSolve the Manufacturing Solutions
Center: www.iams.org/man_resource/poll_prev.htm
Manufacturing Extension Project: www.mep.nist.gov/index2.html
National Technical Information Service: www.ntis.gov
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection's
TechNotes:
www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/deputate/pollprev/Technology/TechAlpha/index.htm
University of Maryland at Baltimore
Technical Extension Service: www.erc.umd.edu
Waste Reduction Resource Center: wrrc.p2pays.org
Waste Exchange
Directory of Markets for Recyclable
Materials: www.p2pays.org/dmnn/start.aspx
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Southern Waste Information Exchange, Inc. (SWIX): www.wastexchange.org
Waste Minimization
EPA Region 3 Waste
Minimization Web Page: www.epa.gov/reg3wcmd/wmindustry.htm
WasteWiSe www.epa.gov/wastewise/
B-6
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