EPA 910/W9-040
5EFA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Region 10
1200 Sixth Avenue
Seattle WA 98101
Alaska
Idaho
Air A Toxics Division
Analysis of the
Toxics Release
Inventory Data
EPA Region 10
w,
October 1090
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data
EPA Region 10
October 1990
Prepared by:
Loren Hall
EPA Office of Toxic Substances
Regional Risk Guidance Staff
and
William Steyer
EPA Region 10
Pesticides and Toxic Substances Branch
-------
Acknowledgements
The authors are indebted to the staff of the OTS Economics and Technology and Information
Management Divisions, who provided downloaded sets of TRI data for analysis on personal
computers to this and other EPA Regions, and who developed the Toxics Release Inventory:
A National Perspective, on which many of the analyses here are based. In addition, the
support of the Environmental Assistance and Existing Chemicals Assessment Divisions made the
primary author's rotational assignment in Region 10 possible. The staff and management of the
Region 10 Air and Toxic Substances Division, especially Philip Wong and Gil Haselberger,
provided invaluable support, insights and editorial assistance in the development of the
document
Disclaimer
This document has been reviewed and approved for publication by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Region 10 Office. Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily
reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Mention of any
company names, trade names, or commercial products does not constitute Agency endorsement
or recommendation.
-------
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction i
Background 1
Reporting Provisions 2
"Releases" vs. "Transfers" 4
Data Quality Considerations 5
Data Completeness Considerations 6
The Changing TRI Data Base 7
The TRI Data and Risk 9
Chapter 2: A Regional Summary for 1987 n
The Role of Sodium Sulfate 12
How Region 10 Compares to Other Geographic Areas 12
Major Industry Categories in Region 10 16
Major Chemicals in Region 10 18
Identifying the Most Significant Chemicals 20
Major TRI Facilities in Region 10 22
Releases by City and County 24
Chapter 3: Washington Summary for 1987 31
Washington Industries 33
Washington Counties 35
Washington Cities 35
Chapter 4: Oregon Summary for 1987 37
Oregon Industries 39
Oregon Counties 41
Oregon Cities 41
Chapter 5: Idaho Summary for 1987 43
Idaho Industries 45
Idaho Counties 47
Idaho Cities 47
Chapter 6: Alaska Summary for 1987 49
Alaska Industries 51
Alaska Cities and Counties 51
Chapter 7: Introduction to the 1988 TRI Data 53
Highest Volume Chemicals for 1988 55
Region 10 1988 County Releases/Transfers 56
Major Industry Categories in 1988 58
•••
111
-------
Major TRI Facilities in 1988 61
Chapter 8: Conclusions 65
Appendix A: Chemicals and Classes Subject to EPCRA 313
Reporting 67
Alphabetical Chemical List 67
List By CAS Number 75
Section 313 Chemical Categories 82
Appendix B: Toxicity Ranks for EPCRA 313 Chemicals 84
Reportable Quantities (RQs) 85
Threshold Planning Quantities (TPQs) 87
Reference Doses (RfDs) 87
Cancer Potency 88
Aquatic Water Quality Criteria (WQC) 89
IV
-------
List of Figures
Figure 2-1 Region 10 Total Releases and Transfers for 1987 11
Figure 2-2 EPA Region Total Releases and Transfers for All Chemicals 12
Figure 2-3 EPA Regions' Total Releases and Transfers without Sodium Sulfate 13
Figure 2-4 Selected States' Total Releases and Transfers without Sodium Sulfate 15
Figure 2-5 State Total Releases/Transfers with and without Sodium Sulfate, Sodium
Hydroxide and Aluminum Oxide 16
Figure 2-6 Total Releases and Transfers by Industry Category (SIC Code Major
Group) 17
Figure 2-7 Region 10 Releases and Transfers of Potential Carcinogens by Industry
Category (SIC Code Major Group) 23
Figure 2-8 Region 10 Total Releases and Transfers by County 28
Figure 2-9 Region 10 Total Releases and Transfers of Potential Carcinogens by
County 30
Figure 3-1 Washington TRI Releases/Transfers by Release Medium 31
Figure 3-2 Washington TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry Class 34
Figure 4-1 Oregon 1987 TRI Releases and Transfers by Release Medium 37
Figure 4-2 Oregon TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry Category 40
Figure 5-1 Idaho 1987 TRI Releases and Transfers by Release Medium 43
Figure 5-2 Idaho TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry Category 46
Figure 6-1 Alaska 1987 TRI Releases/Transfers by Release Medium 49
Figure 6-2 Alaska TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry Category 52
Figure 7-1 Region 10 1988 Releases/Transfers by Release Medium 53
Figure 7-2 Comparison of Region 10 States' 1987 and 1988 Releases/Transfers 55
Figure 7-3 Region 10 1988 Releases and Transfers by Industry Category (SIC Code
Major Group) 59
Figure 7-4 Region 10 1988 Releases and Transfers of Potential Carcinogens by
Industry Category (SIC Code Major Group) 61
-------
List of Tables
Table 1-1 Short Definitions of SIC Code Major Groups 3
Table 1-2 Chemicals Added to or Removed from TRI Reporting 8
Table 2-1 EPA Region Total Releases/Transfers 13
Table 2-2 Top Five States for Total TRI Releases and Transfers for All Chemicals ... 14
Table 2-3 Top Five States for Total TRI Releases and Transfers
without Sodium Sulfate 14
Table 2-4 Region 10 State Rankings 15
Table 2-5 Region 10 Releases and Transfers by Industry Category (SIC Code Major
Group), Excluding Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Hydroxide and Aluminum
Oxide 17
Table 2-6 Region 10 TRI Chemicals with More than One Million Pounds of
Releases/Transfers 18
Table 2-7 Chemicals Submitted by 10 or More Facilities, Ranked by Number of
Submissions; With Data on Relative Toxicity from the Risk Screening
Guide 19
Table 2-8 Potentially Carcinogenic Chemicals Reported in 1987 (Ib.) and Toxicity
Concern Ranks 22
Table 2-9 Region 10 Releases and Transfers of Potential Carcinogens by Industry
Category (SIC Code Major Group), Ib 24
Table 2-10 Facilities With More Than 30,000 Ib. of Total Releases or Transfers of
Chemicals Ranked as Possible Carcinogens 25
Table 2-11 Region 10 Cities with TRI Releases/Transfers of More than One Million
Lb., Excluding Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Hydroxide and Aluminum Oxide ... 26
Table 2-12 Cities in Region 10 Ranked by Total Releases and Transfers of Potential
Carcinogens 27
Table 2-13 Region 10 Counties with TRI Releases/Transfers of More than One
Million Lb., Excluding Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Hydroxide and Aluminum
Oxide 28
Table 2-14 Region 10 Counties with More Than 100,000 Ib. Total Releases and
Transfers of Potential Carcinogens 29
Table 3-1 TRI Chemicals for Washington with Toxicity Ranks from the Risk
Screening Guide 32
Table 3-2 Washington TRI Chemicals With More Than 50,000 Ib. Total
Releases/Transfers 33
Table 3-3 Washington State TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry Category ...... 34
Table 3-4 Releases and Transfers for Selected Washington Counties, Excluding
Three Chemicals 35
Table 3-5 Releases and Transfers for Selected Washington Cities 36
Table 4-1 TRI Chemicals Reported by More Than Five Facilities in Oregon 38
Table 4-2 Oregon TRI Chemicals with More Than 100,000 Ib. Total
Releases/Transfers '. 39
Table 4-3 Oregon TRI Releases/Transfers by Industry Category (SIC Code Major
Group) 40
Table 4-4 Releases and Transfers for Selected Oregon Counties 41
Table 4-5 Releases and Transfers for Selected Oregon Cities 42
Table 5-1 TRI Chemicals Reported by Two or More Facilities in Idaho 44
Table 5-2 Idaho TRI Chemicals with More Than 10,000 Ib. Total Releases/Transfers . . 45
VI
-------
Table 5-3 Idaho TRI Releases/Transfers by Industry Category (SIC Code Major
Group) 46
Table 5-4 Releases and Transfers for Selected Idaho Counties 47
Table 5-5 Releases and Transfers for Selected Idaho Cities 48
Table 6-1 TRI Chemicals Reported in Alaska by Two or More Facilities 50
Table 6-2 Alaska TRI Chemicals with More Than 1,000 Ib. Total Releases and
Transfers 51
Table 6-3 Alaska Releases/Transfers by Industry Category (SIC Code Major Group) . . 51
Table 6-4 Releases and Transfers for Selected Alaska Cities 52
Table 7-1 Region 10 1987 and 1988 Releases/Transfers by State, Excluding Sodium
Sulfate, Aluminum Oxide and Sodium Hydroxide 54
Table 7-2: Region 10 1988 Chemicals with More Than One Million Ib. Total
Releases/Transfers 56
Table 7-3: Counties in Region 10 with More than 1 Million Ib. of TRI
Releases/Transfers in 1988; Excluding Aluminum Oxide and Sodium
Hydroxide 57
Table 7-4 Region 10 Counties with More than 100,000 Ib. of 1988 Total
Releases/Transfers of Potential Carcinogens 58
Table 7-5 Region 10 1988 Releases and Transfers by Industry Category (SIC Code
Major Group), Excluding Aluminum Oxide and Sodium Hydroxide, in
pounds 59
Table 7-6 Region 10 1988 TRI Releases and Transfers of Potential Carcinogens by
Industry Category (SIC Code Major Group), in pounds 60
Table 7-7 Companies Reporting More than 30,000 Ib. of Potential Carcinogens in
1987, and Their 1988 TRI Totals for the Chemicals 62
Table 7-8 Region 10 Facilities Reporting More Than 30,000 Ib. Total
Releases/Transfers of Potential Carcinogens in 1988, but Less Than
30,000 Ib. in 1987 64
Table B-l Table of Toxicity Ranks for EPCRA §313 Chemicals 78
Vll
-------
[This page is intentionally left blank.]
VIll
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data:
EPA Region 10
Chapter 1: Introduction
Section 313 of the 1986 Emergency Planning and Community Right-
to-Know Act (EPCRA) provides that manufacturing firms meeting
certain criteria must annually report their use and releases of any of
more than 300 chemicals and chemical classes. The TRI submissions
represent a valuable new and unique source of information on chemical
generation and release to all environmental media. The 1987 reporting
year was the first mandated year these data were received by EPA and
distributed to the public.
This report presents analyses of the first and second years' data for the
four states in EPA Region 10 (Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington)
and for the Region as a whole. The analyses presented include
summaries of the data by chemical, industry category, facility and
geographic area. Some of the most significant chemicals, industries,
facilities, cities and counties are highlighted. In addition, concerns for
the quality of the data reported, especially in this first year of reporting,
are discussed.
This report has been prepared by EPA staff from both the Office of
Toxic Substances and Region 10 Office. The primary author spent two
months in the Regional Office to prepare the data analyses and the
report itself. Regional staff provided much of the data interpretation,
tabular summaries, and graphics.
Background
The Toxic Chemical Release Inventory data were collected under the
provisions of Section 313 of EPCRA, also known as Title ffl of the
Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA). The law is
based on the premise that citizens have a "right to know" about toxic
chemicals stored, manufactured, processed or released in their
communities. Other portions of EPCRA focus on encouraging
emergency planning for accidental releases and the health and safety
information needed by local officials responding to plant emergencies
such as fires.
Under Section 313, certain manufacturers must report to EPA and the
States the amounts of more than 300 chemicals released directly to the
air, water or land and the amounts transported to off-site facilities.
These data must then be compiled by EPA in the Toxic Chemical
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Release Inventory (TRI) and made available to the public in a
computerized data base as well as by other means.
On June 19, 1989, the TRI data base was first made publicly accessible
through the National Library of Medicine (NLM). The data base is
open to users of NLM's TOXNET system through various telecom-
munication networks. Information on the NLM system can be obtained
by contacting the National Library of Medicine, 8600 Rockville Pike,
Bethesda, Maryland, 20894, telephone (301) 496-6531.
This report summarizes data reported primarily for the 1987 reporting
year, extracted from the TRI data system as of March 15, 1989, and
contained in the NLM data base. Release reports from facilities for the
second reporting year (1988) were submitted to EPA in July 1989, but
are presented only in Chapter 7 of this report because the data were
released as this report was about to be printed. Some of the 1987 data
used to show how Region 10 states compared to other states in the U.S.
were obtained from the database subsequent to March 1989; the totals
in these analyses are slightly different from most of the other data
presented here due to retrieval from the evolving master data base at
different times.
Reporting Provisions
Industrial facilities in selected business classifications which meet certain
size criteria are required to report their total annual releases of specific
chemicals. The reports are required by July 1 for the previous reporting
year. Thus, the data for the 1987 reporting year were due July 1, 1988.
Data for the 1988 reporting year were due July 1, 1989.
The criteria which trigger reporting requirements are:
1) The facility's primary business is classified in Standard
Industrial Classification (SIC) Code Major Groups 20 through 39
(the manufacturing classes);
AND
2) The facility has at least 10 employees at that site;
AND
3) The facility manufactures or processes any one of the subject
chemicals in amounts greater than:
75,000 \bfyt (1987 reporting year)
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
50,000 Ib/yt (1988 reporting year)
25,000 Ib/jrr (1989 and later reporting years)
OR
"otherwise uses" any one of the subject chemicals in amounts
greater than 10,000 Ib/yr.
If all three criteria are met, the facility must file annual reports, for each
chemical, on amounts released to each environmental medium: air,
water, land, or transfer off-site to another facility for treatment or
disposal. Table 1-1 lists short descriptions of the SIC Code Major
Groups. It is important to note that facilities primarily engaged in the
extraction or distribution of petroleum products are not considered part
of the manufacturing classes, although petroleum refining facilities are
included.
Table 1-1 Short Definitions of SIC Code Major Groups
20 Food and Kindred Products
21 Tobacco
22 Textile Mill Products
23 Apparel and Other Finished Products Made from Fabrics and
Similar Materials
24 Lumber and Wood Products, Except Furniture
. 25 Furniture and Fixtures
26 Paper and Allied Products
27 Printing, Publishing and Allied Industries
28 Chemicals and Allied Products
29 Petroleum Refining and Related Industries
30 Rubber and Miscellaneous Plastics Products
31 Leather and Leather Products
32 Stone, Clay, Glass and Concrete Products
33 Primary Metal Industries
34 Fabricated Metal Products, Except Machinery and
Transportation Equipment
35 Machinery, Except Electrical
36 Electrical and Electronic Machinery, Equipment, and Supplies
37 Transportation Equipment
38 Measuring, Analyzing, and Controlling Instruments,
Photographic, Medical and Optical Goods, Watches and Clocks
39 Miscellaneous Manufacturing Industries
For reporting purposes, "manufacture" includes production of a chemical
as a byproduct of another industrial process within the scope of SIC
Code Major Groups 20-39. For example, chloroform is often produced
as a byproduct of wood pulp bleaching when chlorine compounds are
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
used. Most pulp facilities do not intentionally produce chloroform for
use or sale.
The identities of the chemicals and chemical classes subject to Section
313 reporting provisions are listed in Appendix A. There are more than
300 discrete substances listed and twenty chemical classes. Theses
classes may include many individual chemicals. For example, "lead
compounds" includes chemicals containing lead used in pesticides, as a
gasoline additive, or in pigments. In Section 313 reports, all of these
would be listed as "lead compounds" without identification of their
specific chemical identities. For these compounds, the release or
transfer amounts refer to the amount of the subject element contained
in the overall substance. Thus, 5,000 pounds of "lead compounds"
released to water may only contain 1,200 pounds of lead, and this
amount is what would be listed as the release amount in a TRI report
This lack of information on the specific chemical identity may hamper
evaluations of the toxicity and potential concerns of these releases.
Facilities meeting the above criteria for the subject chemicals must
submit the release and other data on a reporting form known as the
Form R. A separate Form R must be submitted for each TRI chemical
at a facility which meets reporting thresholds. Thus, many facilities are
required to submit multiple forms for their different chemicals. These
forms include the name and location of the reporting facilities, the
identity of the chemical, and the total annual releases to the environ-
ment for air, water, and land, as well as the amounts of chemicals
. transferred off-site.
"Releases" vs. "Transfers*
The chemical information reported includes the total annual release to
each environmental medium from activities at the manufacturing or use
site. If a facility releases effluent directly to surface waters, it must have
been granted a permit under the provisions of the National Pollutant
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) regulations of the Clean Water
Act These releases are calculated "post-treatment," that is, after any
wastewater treatment methods have been applied
In contrast, transfers refer to chemicals routed to other facilities not at
the same site. Two common examples of off-site transfers are: to a local
publicly-owned treatment works (POTW) for treatment prior to
discharge into surface waters, and transfer of hazardous waste to a
licensed waste treatment or disposal facility. The estimated chemical
quantities transferred to an off-site POTW are calculated "pre-
treatment," Le., before the effect of the treatment methods used by the
POTWs.
-------
Analysis of the Toodo Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Chemicals transferred to off-site facilities other than POTWs may
undergo a variety of treatment methods. Most such treatment methods
are designed to minipiige or eliminate potential for release to the
environment. For example, chemicals may be stored in specially
constructed landfills with impermeable liners and leak detection systems
to minimize the possibility of release to the soil. The actual release
amounts of chemicals managed at these sites are often small and difficult
to quantify. Because of this, the distinction between transfers and actual
releases is maintained in the TRI data base and in this analysis. For the
purpose of assessing overall chemical generation, the releases and
transfers have been summed to generate a "total" field, but this amount
should be used with caution in setting priorities, as it is not a truly
accurate indicator of exposure or risk potential
Data Quality Considerations
The 1987 reporting year was the first year the emissions data were
reported. Because the TRI reporting regulations do not require that
companies monitor the actual chemical concentrations in effluents or
wastes, most of the data submitted are estimates. The quality of these
estimates varies widely, depending on how much specific data are
available to use in making calculations; on the industry and how well its
releases have been studied; and on the level of experience and expertise
of persons filling out the Form R.
In addition, EPA regulations provide that, for small quantities of
chemicals, a range rather than a specific number may be reported.
Thus, if a company releases about 300 pounds of a chemical to air, it
could report this in the range 1-499. Similar reports may be received
for releases and transfers of 500-999 Ib. In the TRI data base and in
the tables presented here, these ranges are represented by the midpoint
value, i.e., 250 for the range 1-499, and 750 for 500-999.
Many different estimation methods are available, while there are usually
little .or no data to definitively identify one of these as the "best"
method. As facilities become more experienced with the estimation
methods, the quality of the submitted data is expected to improve. Data
of the first reporting year, 1987, are likely to be the least reliable of the
data to be reported annually.
Facilities must not only calculate the amounts of the chemicals manu-
factured or used, but must also account for the effects of their treatment
methods on total releases. For example, if secondary wastewater
treatment is used to treat process effluent, it will usually reduce the
quantities of the chemicals in that effluent In some cases, these
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
reductions are substantial (90% or more). Errors may occur in
calculating either the total amount of chemical manufactured or used,
or the net effect of these treatment methods.
EPA has reviewed a subset of the 1987 submissions to identify
frequently occurring reporting errors. Two common errors concern the
reporting of acids and bases, and reports of releases to water. The
review found that often very large reported release quantities of acids,
such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acids, and bases such as sodium
hydroxide, were erroneously high. This was due to reporters not
assessing the effect of treatments such as neutralization that almost
always occur before releases to water. In other findings, the review
identified double-counting of releases to water and transfers to POTWs,
and overestimation of chemical quantities landfilled or transferred offsite.
In cases where facilities have both direct discharge pipes and sewer
connections, TRI chemical releases may occur to either. Some facilities
erroneously reported the same chemical release amounts to both media.
In the case of landfills and off-site transfers, reporters are supposed to
provide the amount of TRI chemical contained in the waste stream. In
some cases, reporters entered the quantity of the entire waste on the
reporting form, rather than the amount of the chemical in the waste.
Other errors identified in the review include some underreporting,
especially for fugitive air emissions.
Data Completeness Considerations
In the case of the TRI chemical classes, it will often be impossible to
determine the specific chemical identities involved. For example, there
are dozens of commonly used lead compounds, with varying degrees of
toxicity. The TRI data may specify elemental lead (rarely), or the
generic "lead compounds."
There are releases of many of the subject chemicals from other sources
which do not report under TRL For example, the common chemical
benzene is emitted by many sources other than manufacturing plants,
especially by gasoline service stations and automobiles. The solvent
tetrachloroethylene is used widely in dry cleaning and consumer products
such as spot removers as well as by industrial companies.
In many cases, the aggregate amounts of releases from other sources will
be far higher than the releases reported by TRI facilities. Any risk
evaluation of TRI facilities should include consideration of other nearby
sources which are not reported under the provisions of EPCRA, but
which may outweigh the exposure or risk potential of TRI sources.
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventoiy Data: EPA Region 10
The Changing TRI Data Base
Since the requirements to submit TRI data are new, many covered
facilities did not file reports to meet the 1987 reporting year deadline.
At this writing, a few 1987 as well as 1988 and 1989 reports are still
being submitted as companies realize their error or are required to file
as a result of compliance inspections. Other companies, in reviewing
their data for 1988, realized they had made errors on the 1987 Form Rs,
and have submitted revised data for 1987. As a result, the TRI data
base is still changing. The report, The Toxics Release Inventory: A
National Perspective, used 1987 data on releases and transfers taken
from a retrieval on March 15, 1989. This report uses the same 1987
data insofar as possible. Some analyses use data extracted at different
times, and may differ slightly. Chapter 7 contains a summary of the
revised total releases and transfers by state for 1987, based on data
extracted in the spring of 1990. If the reader were to log on to the
EPA or NLM computerized data bases at this time, results would also
be slightly different The overall conclusions regarding chemicals,
geographic areas, and facilities are unlikely to be significantly affected
by these differences.
The original provisions of EPCRA listed 309 discrete chemical sub-
stances and 20 chemical classes. Since then, under the provisions which
mandate inclusion of chemicals on the reporting list based on their
toxicity concerns, EPA has received a number of petitions to remove
chemicals from the list, or "delist" them. At this writing, EPA has
granted petitions to delist seven chemicals, and has denied a number of
petitions to delist In addition, EPA has proposed to add nine chemicals
to the reporting requirements. Table 1-2 displays the delisted chemicals,
as well as those recently added to the reporting list As these chemicals
are added to or subtracted from the list, the total number of forms
processed and the amounts of releases/transfers will be affected, in some
cases significantly.
While certain analyses in this report include all chemicals for which data
were reported, most focus on the ones most likely to continue to be
reported. Thus, although sodium sulfate was the largest single chemical
reported for 1987 in terms of total releases and transfers, it has since
been "delisted" and was excluded from reporting requirements for 1988
and future reports. In its review of the sodium sulfate delisting petition,
EPA found that available data and reasonable inferences concerning the
chemical's potential toxicity did not warrant sufficient concern to
continue reporting under the provisions of EPCRA. EPA recently
delisted the frequently reported chemicals sodium hydroxide and
aluminum oxide, again because of a rinding that their toxicity did not
meet the criteria defined in the law.
-------
Analyui of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 1-2 Chemicals Added to or Removed from TRI Reporting
Chemicals Dellsted from TRI Reporting
Chemical Delisting Date First Affected
Reporting Year
Titanium Dioxide 6/20/88 1987
C.I. Acid Blue 9 10/07/88 1988
Melamine Crystal 3/29/89 1988
Sodium Sulfate (solution) 6/20/89 1988
Sodium Hydroxide (solution) 12/15/89 1989
Aluminum Oxide (non-fibrous) 2/14/90 1989
Chemicals Added to TRI Ust
for the 1990 Reporting Year*
Chemical CAS Number
Ally! alcohol 107-18-6
Creosote 8001-58-9
2,3-dichloropropene 78-88-6
m-dinitrobenzene 99-65-0
o-dinitrobenzene 528-29-0
p-dinitrobenzene 100-25-4
Dinitrotoluene 25321-14-6
Isosafrole 120-58-1
Toluene-diisocyanate mixed isomers 26471-62-5
* Not including a petition received from the Natural Resources Defense Council and
signed by three state governors, which requests the addition of seven chlorinated
fluorocarbona to the TRI reporting list
trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11) dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)
dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12) (mono)chloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115)
bromotrifluoromethane (Halon 1301) bromochlorodifluoromethane (Halon 1211)
dibromotetrafluoroethane (Halon 2402)
To provide continuity with future analyses of the data, in this report
most summaries exclude chemicals which have been delisted from the
reporting requirements for years after 1987. Melamine and CI. Acid
Blue 9 were not specifically excluded from the analyses because they
were delisted prior to the 1987 reporting period, and the total quantity
of releases and transfers reported for 1987 of these two chemicals
combined was less than 5,000 pounds.
8
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventoiy Data: EPA Region 10
The TRI Data and Risk
Congress intended that the TRI data be made available to the public to
foster efforts to reduce the total amounts of chemicals released to the
environment However, the data are not intended to provide a basis for
assessing the significance of the exposure or risk potentially presented
by the substances. Much additional information will be needed to
perform such assessments. To many scientists, it is inappropriate to
combine total chemical releases or releases and transfers, since the data
represent very different chemicals, released to different media, or
perhaps not released to the environment at all This report uses a
pragmatic approach to screening the chemicals, industries, facilities and
geographic areas of interest. This does not mean that people living in
these communities are necessarily at risk from these substances. The
analysis is intended to be a "first cut" to identify where additional
methods of analysis should be applied. No conclusions regarding overall
risk to human health or the environment can reasonably be drawn solely
from these data,
Additional information is available from a variety of sources concerning
the toxicities of TRI chemicals. The most widely available of these is
a series of fact sheets on the chemicals prepared by the State of New
Jersey. These 2-5 page summaries describe what is known about the
human health effects of these chemicals. EPA is preparing attachments
to these fact sheets which summarize what is known about the toxicities
of the chemicals to animals and plants. The Hazardous Substances Fact
Sheets have been distributed along with TRI data to county libraries
throughout the U.S. Additional copies for specific chemicals are
available from:
TSCA Assistance Information Service
U.S. EPA (TS-799)
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
EPA has prepared a data base listing reports prepared on these
chemicals, and regulatory thresholds, such as Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA) standards, EPA drinking water Maximum
Contaminant Limits (MCLs), and others. This data base, called
Roadmaps, is available from:
John Leitzke
U.S. EPA Office of Toxic Substances
TS-778
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
These sources can provide some of the data needed to perform a more
thorough evaluation of the significance of the TRI chemical releases
summarized in this report Many other publications provide information
about how to use the available data in the evaluation of chemical risks,
including:
Chemical Risk: A Primer, available from
American Chemical Society
Department of Governmental Relations and Science Policy
1155 16th Street, NW
Washington, DC 20036
Toxicology for the Citizen, available for $1.00 from
Center for Environmental Toxicology
Michigan State University
C231 Holden Hall
East Lansing, MI 48824
Putting Risks from Hazardous Substances in Perspective:
Guidebook (to be published in spring 1990), available from
Ann Fisher
Risk Communication Program (PM-221)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street, SW
Washington, DC 20460
(202) 382-5606
10
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Chapter 2: A Regional Summary for 1987
In the 1987 reporting year, facilities subject to the provisions of TRI in
EPA Region 10 reported the release of more than 577 million pounds
of toxic chemicals directly to air and water, and more than 63 million
pounds transferred off-site to other facilities, such as POTWs. Together,
these releases and transfers totaled more than 640 million pounds of
reported toxic chemicals in the first year of reporting (Figure 2-1). A
total of 583 facilities submitted a total of 1984 individual reports on 129
chemicals or chemical classes, or an average of 3.4 chemicals per facility.
1987 Region 10 Total Re Ieases/Transfers
19.21
8.Of
ALL CHEMICALS
63. OX
EXCLUDING THREE CHEMICALS
Tata I Re I eases/Transfers
640.6 Mi I I ion lt>
NOTES:
Sod I LID Sulfat* accounted
Tor B4.1K of total
Regional re leases/transfers
Only 1—499 Ib war*
una*r»-euna lnj*ct*
-------
Anatym of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
The Role of Sodium Sulfate
More than half of the total reported releases and transfers in the U.S.
were of one chemical - sodium sulfate. The large releases and trans-
fers of this chemical overshadow the picture of other total chemical
releases and transfers. Since the 1987 reporting year, EPA has
published a finding that sodium sulfate does not meet the toxicity
concerns listed by Congress in EPCRA. The chemical has been
"delisted," or omitted from the requirement for annual reporting under
section 313. EPA has been petitioned by several other groups to delist
other chemicals.
One purpose of this analysis is to provide a baseline of data from the
first reporting year to which subsequent reporting years may be
compared. Because of this, most of the data reported here will exclude
the totals for sodium sulfate. Many other analyses will exclude sodium
sulfate, and the delisted chemicals sodium hydroxide and aluminum
oxide.
How Region 10 Compares to Other Geographic Areas
The total 1987 releases and transfers reported for facilities in Region 10
was 640 million pounds, or 2.8% of the U.S. total. Figure 2-2 il-
lustrates how the various EPA regions compare in terms of this total
figure. For all chemicals reported, EPA Region 9, containing Califor-
nia, Nevada, and Arizona, ranks as the largest, with nearly 6 billion
pounds, or nearly 27% of the U.S. total. This is due to the presence of
a single facility in California which reported releases of 5.2 billion
pounds of sodium sulfate.
When sodium
sulfate is excluded
from the analysis,
the picture changes
dramatically. Table
2-1 lists the total
releases and
transfers for EPA
regions both with
and without
sodium sulfate.
Without sodium
sulfate, Region 6,
1987 COMPARISON BY REGION
TOTAL TRI RELEASES AND TRANSFERS
RBI KM 4 C1»-"0
REGION
flEEION 10 C2.«0
•ION •> C*
Figure 2-2 EPA Region Total Releases and
Transfers for All Chemicals
12
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 2-1
EPA Region Total Releases/Transfers
Total Releases with and without Sodium Sulfate
Based on 1987 Data (Retrieved In April 1989)
Total 1967 for All Cheaicals Mon-Sodfm Sutfate Releases
REGION
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Releases/
Transfers
(Bill Ib)
0.51
0.69
1.31
4.39
2.99
5.05
0.57
0.39
5.98
0.64
Percent Region
of Total Rank
U.S.
Relf
Transfers
(Bill Ib)
Percent Region
of Total Rank
U.S.
Total 22.52
2.25
3.04
5.80
19.50
13.29
22.44
2.52
1.74
26.57
2.83
100.00
9
6
5
3
4
2
8
10
1
7
0.21
0.46
0.76
1.83
2.35
3.35
0.47
0.36
0.46
0.19
2.03
4.38
7.29
17.56
22.50
32.05
4.46
3.46
4.44
1.83
9
7
4
3
2
1
5
8
6
10
10.44 100.00
containing Texas and Louisiana, among other states, becomes the Region
with the largest total releases and transfers. Region 10 drops to last
place among EPA regions, with a total of 191 million pounds, about
1.8% of the U.S. total Figure 2-3 illustrates the distribution of total re-
leases and transfers for the various EPA Regions when sodium sulfate
is omitted. The chart shows that almost three-fourths of nationwide re-
ported releases and transfers occurred in just three Regions (4, S, and
6).
Table 2-2 displays the data for the top five states in the U.S. on the
basis of total releases and transfers for all chemicals. The states are
ranked in order of these amounts to indicate relative standing.
REGION -1 C17.6SQ
PEGION 5 C22.5JO
REGION 6 C32.-WQ
REGION 3 C~7.3>O
REGION 2 C*-^*D
REGION 1 C2-°*D
REGION 10
REGION 9 C4-4X)
REGION 6 C3.SSQ
'REGION 7 C^-SSO
Figure 2-3 EPA Regions' Total Releases and Transfers without Sodium
Sulfate
13
-------
AnatyiU of Uic Toadq Releaie Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 2-2 Top Five States for Total TRI Releases and Transfers
for All Chemicals
Billion Pounds Percent of US Total
CALIFORNIA
TEXAS
LOUISIANA
ALABAMA
MICHIGAN
OTHER STATES
US TOTAL
5.84
2.80
1.72
0.83
0.74
10.58
22.51
25.9%
12.4%
7.6%
3.7%
3.3%
47.0%
When sodium sulfate is excluded from all states' data, the relative ranks
for the states change significantly. Table 2-3 includes data for the top
five states when sodium sulfate is omitted from the analysis.
Table 2-3 Top Five States for Total TRI Releases and Transfers
without Sodium Sulfate
Billion Pounds Percent of US Total
TEXAS
LOUISIANA
MICHIGAN
OHIO
INDIANA
OTHER STATES
US TOTAL
1.96
1.10
0.69
0.57
0.53
5.60
10.44
18.7%
10.6%
6.6%
5.4%
5.1%
53.6%
Figure 2*4 illustrates the relative sizes of releases and transfers in these
top five states in comparison to those in Region 10.
Table 2-4 shows the release data for the individual states in Region 10
and how the total releases and transfers are affected when the above
three chemicals are excluded from the analysis.
For example, Washington State had a total of 407.1 million pounds when
all reported chemicals are included, but this drops to 82.2 million pounds
when sodium sulfate is excluded, and to 41.7 million pounds when all
sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide and aluminum oxide are omitted, an
overall 90 percent decline.
14
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventoiy Data: EPA Region 10
TOTAL= 10.44 BILLION LBS CEXCLUDING SODIUM SULFATE}
LOUISIANA 10.
WASINGTON 0.8*
OREGON O.SK
ALASKA 0.3K
IDAHO 0.2*
REGION 10 TOTAL. 1.9*
TEXAS 18 7*
OTHER STATES 31.8*
Figure 2-4 Selected States' Total Releases and Transfers without
Sodium Sulfate
Table 2*4
Region 10 State Rankings
For All Ownlcala Without Sodium SuMate
State Rank
Waahlngton
Oregon
Alaska
Idaho
Region Total
Othar State*
U.8. TOTAL
Billion
Pounds
0.41
0.12
0.07
0.04
0.64
21.87
22J1
%U8
Total
1.0%
0.9%
0,3%
03%
2A%
972%
100.0%
Billion
Pound*
0.06
0.08
0.04
0.02
0.19
10.25
10/44
%U8
Total
0.8%
0.5%
0.4%
02%
1.8%
962%
100.0%
Without
Sodium
Sulfate
28
34
37
43
All
Chamlcala
17
32
42
35
The releases for Alaska and Idaho are not as significantly affected by
the omission, as neither of these states included facilities reporting large
releases of these chemicals. Alaska's relatively high ranking is the result
of large releases of ammonia from a single facility.
Figure 2-5 displays the relative sizes of each Region 10 state's total
releases and transfers, both with and without the three chemicals. Data
presented in later chapters for each state will concentrate on the
remaining chemicals, and will omit sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide and
aluminum oxide from most summaries. The Region 10 releases/transfers
of other delisted chemicals were negligible, not exceeding 5,000 Ib. total
15
-------
AnafytU of the Todcs Rele«ie Inventory Diu: EPA Region 10
1987 TRl Releases and Transfers by State
in Region 10
Aiaaca
vefinington
Al l Gnomical*
Excluding Sodfu* Sulfat*,
Sodlun HyO'oxld*, and
Aiuninui Oxiae
30O MO 4OD
In um lom of Pounds
Figure 2-5 State Total Releases/Transfers with and without Sodium
Sulfate, Sodium Hydroxide and Aluminum Oxide
Major Industry Categories in Region 10
Nationally, the chemical industry (SIC Code Major Group 28) con-
tributed most to the nation's total Till releases and transfers. Including
all chemicals reported, the paper industry (SIC Code Major Group 26)
is the most significant single industry in Region 10 when total releases
and transfers are considered. Other major industries in the Region
include chemicals (Major Group 28), petroleum (29), primary metals
(33), and transportation equipment (37).
When sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide and aluminum oxide are ex-
cluded, the chemical industry becomes the largest, with the paper
industry declining to second place. Other major industries include
transportation and primary metals. For this case, the total releases and
transfers amount to 133 million pounds. Figure 2-6 illustrates the data,
while Table 2-5 includes details on releases and transfers. These include
data from facilities which reported but which listed SIC Code Major
Groups outside 20-39, or who reported no SIC codes at all In addition,
the contractor for the Department of Energy's facility at Hanfbrd,
Washington, submitted information on its releases and transfers. It is
also interesting to note that, once the three chemicals with extremely
large releases to land and water are omitted, the largest fraction of
releases occurs to air for the remaining chemicals.
16
-------
Analytto of the Toria Release tovcntoiy Dsta: EPA Region 10
Region 10 1987 TRI Re I eases/ Transfers
industry category — SIC Major o-oup
Non«/Othv *- ...
POOH — aa
7BMCCO — 21
T«Ktl !•• — 33
*PMT*I — 3)
LMMr -- 34
Furnltv* ~ 85
Pulp »nt> P«p*r ~ M
Printing — &
«*tr«i«u» .. at
Piaatla — M
urnnw — *i
Mont/clay — *a
frlimry Mctil* — 33
N*r U*t«l« -- X
tacnirMry -- 3f
•(•ctrieal — M
Transportation — n
irmruwnts — M
MI*C Mtnwract — M
b
t
0 10 2O 3O 4O SO 80
Ml 1 1 ion Pounoc
| TOTAL AIR | DIRECT WATER [7J POT* TRANSFERS
|ON SITE LAND BOTHER OFF-SITE
NOTE: Excluding Trr«* Cn«mlcal«:
Sodium Sulfatw, Sodium Hydroxide and Aluminum Oxloo
Figure 2-6 Total Releases and Transfers by Industry Category (SIC
Code Major Group)
Table 2-5 Region 10 Releases and Transfers by Industry Category (SIC Code Major Group),
Excluding Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Hydroxide and Aluminum Oxide
INDUSTRY CLASS
None/Not 20-39
Food
Tobacco
Textile*
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Instruments
Misc. Manuf.
DOE - Hanford
TOTAL
SIC
0
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
49
Total
Air
90,145
583,443
750
23,300
28,581
4,672,397
1,413
15,910,761
15,450
36,766,067
1,575,883
2,506,080
1.250
29.100
3,636,455
3,478,078
622,901
488,292
9,516,121
3,531,136
496,553
33,444
84,007,600
Direct
Vater
1,000
443,300
0
0
0
11,119
0
10,226,878
0
260,617
262,381
400
0
0
126.184
70,906
0
1,031
0
500
0
0
11,404,316
On Site
Land
0
685,250
0
0
0
30,849
0
928,235
0
12,959,685
142,236
0
0
2,555
18,418
1,883
26,661
825,107
0
0
12
1,107,950
16,728,841
Water via
POTV
15,000
887,570
5,460
16,000
0
1,663
0
7,325,833
250
51,788
1,104
515
72.800
250
857,706
135,074
11.584
369,035
6,023
150,053
900
4,330
9.912,938
Off Site
Transfer
5.039
43.400
0
0
0
126,833
0
576,972
0
835,621
3,760
122,936
17.500
22.819
5,250,352
1,493,442
92,847
539,869
1,605,889
517,109
35,250
7,731
11,297,369
Total
Re I/Transfer
111,184
2,642.963
6,210
39,300
28,581
4,842,861
1,413
34.968,679
15,700
50,874,028
1,985,364
2.629,931
91.550
54.724
9.889,115
5,179,383
753,993
2,223,334
11,128.033
4,198.796
532,715
1.153.455
133.351.314
Percent
of Total
0.1X
2. OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
3.6X
O.OX
26. 2X
O.OX
38. 2X
1.5X
2. OX
0.1X
O.OX
7.4X
3.9X
0.6X
1.7X
6.3X
3.2X
0.4X
0.9X
100. OCX
17
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Major Chemicals in Region 10
Like the rest of the U.S., sodium sulfate accounted for the largest
amounts of total releases and transfers in Region 10, with 447 million
pounds, or 62% of the total. Other major chemicals in Region 10
include aluminum oxide, with almost 51 million pounds, ammonia with
more than 37 million pounds, methanol with more than 15 million
pounds, and sodium hydroxide, with about 9 million pounds. The
chemicals in the Region with more than one million pounds of total
releases and transfers, and their amounts, are listed in Table 2-6.
Combined releases and transfers for these chemicals accounted for 97%
of the Region's total Nationally, the top five chemicals were sodium
sulfate, aluminum oxide, ammonium sulfate, hydrochloric acid, and
sulfuric acid, on the basis of total releases and transfers. As noted
previously, some analysis has indicated that the total releases reported
for acids and bases may be too high, and that typical widely used
treatment methods will often greatly reduce such releases.
Table 2-7 lists the most frequently reported chemicals in order of the
number of facilities submitting Form Rs. The five most frequently
reported chemicals in the Region were sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid,
Table 2-6
Region 10 TRI Chemicals with More than One Million Pounds of Releases/Transfers
CAS Chemical Name
Number
Total
A1r
Releases
Direct
Water
Releases
Water
Releases
to POTW
On Site
Land
Disposal
Off Site
Releases
Exc POTW
Total
Environmental
Re I/Transfer
7757826 SODIUM SULFATE
1344281 ALUMINUM OXIDE
7664417 AMMONIA
67561 METHANOL
1310732 SODIUM HYDROXIDE
7664939 SULFURIC ACID
7647010 HYDROCHLORIC ACID
67641 ACETONE
78933 METHYL ETHYL KETONE
108883 TOLUENE
20199 ZINC COMPOUNDS
7723140 PHOSPHORUS
67663 CHLOROFORM
50000 FORMALDEHYDE
71556 1.1.1-TRICHLOROETHANE
100425 STYRENE
7782505 CHLORINE
20144 NICKEL COMPOUNDS
10049044 CHLORINE DIOXIDE
75092 DICHLOROMETHANE
7440666 ZINC (FUME OR DUST)
79016 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
20064 CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
7664393 HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
1330207 XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
76131 FREON 113
7697372 NITRIC ACID
7783202 AMMONIUM SULFATE (SOLUTION)
1380212
12042255
34176142
7142905
260180
535258
1266503
4512594
4458266
4348719
494578
250
2991969
2593006
2632692
2569291
2213124
16507
1959546
1566733
10342
1590523
20522
1494181
1344240
1289738
27200
65
4.1E+08
652553
1948884
18750
283700
3753085
4505936
169292
31
588
10458
0
339781
295095
2941
0
53586
2600
0
0
76
80
13091
12698
14679
0
254
4000
7616699
4600
104367
7147417
3682396
996066
52950
49515
6643
1555
0
0
160000
41385
250
0
97343
750
0
661
750
302
1670
8695
1500
757
631262
219165
4808260
32478690
811120
792195
2638553
2918280
133
11560
1000
24330
2505650
3985000
4700
8140
250
0
250
2201250
0
262
570
0
1436750
0
36767
0
4500
826663
22957061
5569690
305601
147735
2234845
680244
419180
412139
465857
208899
1428851
0
148052
71040
178222
33661
3826
6350
0
240132
1660272
70514
151518
48774
117749
117990
499208
60
447427670
50747788
37346114
15249002
9099674
8882933
6244702
5155100
4931797
4584091
4439537
3985250
3644502
3008666
2814355
2602952
2368379
2227457
1959546
1807788
1672010
1661419
1623551
1564348
1514935
1408485
1162424
1049953
18
-------
Anatyitt of the Tana Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 2-7 Chemicals Submitted by 10 or More Facilities, Ranked by Number of Submissions;
With Data on Relative Toricity from the Risk Screening Guide
Umber Chemical TPQ
of Nane Rank
Submissions
251 SODIUM HYDROXIDE
135 SULFURIC ACID 3
105 AMMONIA 2
87 ACETONE
85 CHLORINE 1
64 XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
62 HYDROCHLORIC ACID 2
61 1.1.1-TRICHLOROETHANE
61 TOLUENE
55 PHOSPHORIC ACID
54 METHANOL
53 NITRIC ACID 3
48 SODIUM SULFATE (SOLUTION)
43 METHYL ETHYL KETONE
43 FORMALDEHYDE 2
35 STYRENE
32 ALUMINUM OXIDE
32 FREON 113
31 DICHLOROMETHANE
29 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
26 COPPER
25 HYDROGEN FLUORIDE 1
23 CHROMIUM
23 COPPER COMPOUNDS
22 MANGANESE
22 PHENOL 2
20 CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
19 N-BUTYL ALCOHOL
18 GLYCOL ETHERS
18 ETHYLENE GLYCOL
17 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
15 LEAD COMPOUNDS
14 CHLOROFORM 3
14 CHLORINE DIOXIDE
13 BENZENE
13 NAPHTHALENE
12 AMMONIUM SULFATE (SOLUTIO
12 ETHYLBENZENE
12 LEAD
12 PENTACHLOROPHENOL
11 MANGANESE COMPOUNDS
11 ZINC COMPOUNDS
10 ZINC (FUME OR DUST)
10 NICKEL COMPOUNDS
10 NICKEL
10 CYCLOHEXANE
10 1.2,4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE
*** Total ***
1786 Out of 1984 Total Submissions for
RQ RQ IRIS
Acute Care Care
Rank Rank Rank
3
2
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
2 1
3
3
3 1 1
2
3
3
3
3 1 1
3 1 1
3
3
3 1
1
1 1 1
3
All Chemicals
RQ
Chronic
Rank
2
2
2
2
1
2
2
1
2
2
3
2
2
1
RQ
Aquatic
Water
Qual
Tox Chronic
Rank
2
2
1
3
1
2
3
2
2
3
3
2
3
2
2
3
2
3
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
Rank
1
3
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
0
ammonia, acetone, and chlorine. The five most frequently reported
chemicals nationally were sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, toluene, 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, and hydrochloric acid. In Region 10, hydrochloric acid
ranked seventh in total forms, while 1,1,1-trichloroethane was eighth and
toluene was ninth.
19
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Identifying the Most Significant Chemicals
Not all of the chemicals reportable under Section 313 are highly toxic.
The Office of Toxic Substances, with review and input from other EPA
offices, States, and public groups, has developed the Toxic Chemical
Release Inventory Risk Screening Guide for TRI data. The Guide
provides a series of methods for evaluating the potential for exposure
and risk of various chemicals, facilities, and geographic areas relative to
one another. That is, the Guide provides a way to set priorities for
further study. The present TRI data alone cannot be used to develop
risk estimates. Substantial amounts of non-TRI data, and a thorough
review of TRI data quality, are needed before attempting to quantify
risk to human health and the environment from TRI releases and
transfers.
The Guide includes sets of data for TRI chemicals, including toxicity
ranks and environmental fate information. The toxicity tables are based
on data collected by EPA and evaluated by EPA scientists. The Guide
also provides references to consult for additional information on the
toxicity and regulatory status of TRI chemicals.
Other portions of EPCRA focus on different, but overlapping, lists of
chemicals. Section 302 lists certain acutely hazardous chemicals. When
companies manufacture or use more than specified amounts of these
chemicals over the course of a year, provisions requiring company
emergency planning and notification of local and state officials are
triggered. These "threshold planning quantities" (TPQs) are based on
a chemical's acute toxicity and potential for accidental release in typical
conditions of industrial use.
Under the provisions of Section 304 of EPCRA, releases of certain
chemicals above specified quantities are reportable each time they occur.
These "reportable quantities" (RQs), in pounds, provide another way of
relatively ranking the potential toxicity of the chemicals.
Many of the TRI chemicals are also subject to the provisions of Sections
302 and 304, so the TPQs and RQs for these substances provide a
useful data collection. EPA has collected and evaluated other important
toxicity information to be placed in the on-line Integrated Risk
Information System (IRIS), and in developing EPA water quality
standards. All of these sources were reviewed and used in developing
the toxicity rankings in the Guide.
The toxicity rankings display the chemicals' relative toxicity potential in
the form of "high-medium-low* classes, displayed in the Guide and in
Table 2-7 as 1-2-3, with 1 being the highest There are separate
20
-------
Analy»i» of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
rankings for each of several toxicity effects of concern, including acute
toxicity, chronic toxicity, carcinogenic potential, and freshwater acute and
chronic toxicity to plants and animals. Users are encouraged to review
the chemicals in their communities from a variety of toxicity perspectives.
Some effects were not considered in developing these ranks, in
particular, the potential a chemical may present for stratospheric ozone
depletion. The chemical class of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) have one
member, CFC (or Freon) 113, which is often reported in Region 10,
primarily due to its use in the electronics industry. This chemical, along
with other major CFCs, has been proposed for world-wide phase out in
the future. The chemical 1,1,1,-trichloroethane is another chemical
without any toxicity data present which is now considered to be a
potentially significant stratospheric ozone depleter. Its effects, while less
pronounced than CFCs, are compounded by its widespread use as a
cleaning compound in many industries.
In this analysis, the focus is on chemicals with concern for carcinogenic
potential. As noted in the Guide, the evidence for each chemical is
different: some have strong evidence of activity, while others may have
some positive evidence with many remaining uncertainties. In some
cases, such evidence exists, but the chemicals are still under review
within EPA, and no scientific consensus has been developed. An
example of this situation is dichloromethane, which was included in over
30 reports from Region 10 facilities. Thus, the chemicals listed below
are not an exhaustive list of potential carcinogens which are subject to
TRI reporting.
The Guide encourages users to review the evidence for specific
chemicals in detail as their analyses may require. For the purpose of
risk screening, all such chemicals with some evidence of carcinogenicity
may be considered of relatively high priority for further study. This
study focuses on all chemicals identified in the Guide as having some
carcinogenic potential
A chemical's toxicity is not the only factor influencing risk. The Guide
describes a process for evaluating the potential for exposure to humans
and ecosystems from TRI releases as well Such factors as facility
location, size, proximity to water, density of surrounding populations and
wind patterns can significantly influence exposure. Probably the largest
single influence is the size and form of chemical releases. Chemicals
released directly to air or water are more likely to come in contact with
human or animal populations than those which are disposed of in
landfills, or those transferred to off-site disposal facilities.
If releases occur in sparsely populated areas, there is more likely to be
significant dilution, dispersion or biodegradation of chemicals prior to
humans coining in contact with them. Some chemicals naturally degrade
21
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
more rapidly than others. By using the total releases and transfers of
TRI chemicals as a surrogate for exposure, the analysis presented here
neglects several potentially important factors. However, this approach
can still help the reader to identify a shorter list of facilities, locations
or chemicals for further investigation.
Table 2-8 lists some potentially carcinogenic chemicals reported by TRI
facilities in Region 10, ranked by the total amount of releases and
transfers. The table also includes their identification numbers and
indication of whether the chemical has been identified as a potential
carcinogen based on data in the EPA Integrated Risk Information
System (IRIS) or data collected in developing reportable quantity (RQ)
values. In further studies of individual chemicals or facilities, the toxicity
data may warrant review. In all, 18 potentially carcinogenic chemicals
were reported as being released or transferred, and for 14 of these
chemicals the total releases and transfers were greater than 1,000
pounds. It was not possible to evaluate the metal compound classes,
since these may be composed of many chemicals, of which some may
exhibit carcinogenic potential while others do not.
Major TRI Facilities in Region 10
For the 1987 reporting year, 583 facilities in Region 10 filed a total of
1984 reports on over 120 chemicals or chemical classes. As noted
earlier, many of these chemicals are not considered highly toxic. Others,
Table 2-8 Potentially Carcinogenic Chemicals Reported in 1987 (Ib.) and Toxicity Concern Ranks
CAS
Nurfcer
67663
50000
79016
71432
127184
1336363
7439921
117817
79005
85687
95501
1332214
7440020
106898
302012
58899
75218
7440439
Chemical Hams
CHLOROFORM
FORMALDEHYDE
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
BENZENE
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
LEAD
DK2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE
1.1,2-TRICHLOROETHANE
BUTYL BENZYL PHTHALATE
1.2-DICHLOROBENZENE
ASBESTOS (FRIABLE)
NICKEL
EPICHLOROHYDRIN
HYDRAZINE
LINDANE
ETHYLENE OXIDE
CADMIUM
Total
Air
Releases
2991969
2593006
1590523
459709
181286
250
6740
40600
38000
383
5940
799
1893
1636
0
250
500
4
Direct
Vater
Releases
339781
295095
80
654
0
0
590
400
0
0
7260
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Water
Releases
to POTUs
160000
41385
302
250
0
0
1950
0
0
0
0
319
500
250
0
0
0
0
On Site
Land
Releases
4700
8140
0
4700
0
0
1260
0
0
0
0
250
1410
0
20
0
0
0
Off-Site
Transfers
Not to
POTH
148052
71040
70514
374
1789
130012
69633
270
750
31409
7260
11266
3433
0
870
500
0
0
Total
Releases
Transfers
(All Media)
3644502
3008666
1661419
465687
183075
130262
80173
41270
38750
31792
20460
12634
7236
1886
890
750
500
4
RQ
PC
1
1
1
1
1
1
.
1
1
f
f
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
IRIS
Care
1
.
1
1
.
1
1
.
1
1
1
1
1
.
.
1
t
1
Total
7.913.488 643.860 204,956 20,480 547.172 9,329.956
22
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
however, represent a higher priority for further investigation. Based on
the toricity "high-medium-low" rankings of the Risk Screening Guide.
several classes of substances could be selected for further study, e.g.,
those expected to be acutely toxic, potentially carcinogenic, or
particularly toxic to aquatic organisms.
Table 2-9 shows the total releases and transfers for SIC Major Groups
when only the potentially carcinogenic chemicals are considered. The
dominant industries in this analysis are the paper (43% of total releases
and transfers) and the lumber (25% of the total) industries. These
chemicals are largely released to air, with nearly 85% of the total
releases and transfers going to air (combining both stack and fugitive air
releases). The same data are illustrated as a bar chart in Figure 2-7.
Table 2-10 lists the facilities releasing or transferring more than 30,000
pounds of potentially carcinogenic chemicals. These chemicals are not
necessarily the only ones to be concerned about, but they provide an
initial set of priority chemicals for analysis. These figures combine the
releases and transfers of different chemicals to different environmental
media, each with its own properties and potential toricity concerns. The
quality and amount of evidence of carcinogenicity for the chemicals
varies widely, as may the potential for exposure to releases or transfers
from these facilities. These summations are only intended to provide an
initial method for screening facilities which may warrant further study.
No specific conclusions regarding actual risk can reasonably be drawn
from such crude data.
SIC Code H
Ham/Hal 20-39
Nod — 20
rocaceo — 31
TMttrt«a — aa
«pp«r»i — zi
F«-nft»r« — 23
printing — r>
cnmicals — 21
p»vol*un — 21
Plietlca — 30
Laothv — 31
Storwciey ~ 32
crinary Mttait — 33
ncr . u>tai* — M
Mcmrvy _ is
Siwtrieal — IB
Trinoportotlon — 27
Inctrumnta — 36
MIK Mnuract — M
oos-Mnrerd — 4«
C
H Tota I
Bon-sit
[ajar Group
i
I^^^^M
-
•»>«5Wi^2i^^
^3
fr
".I.I.I. 1 •
123*5
Millions of Pounds
Afr • Direct Water • Water via POTW
e Land n Other Off-Site
Figure 2-7 Region 10 Releases and Transfers of Potential Carcinogens
by Industry Category (SIC Code Major Group)
23
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 2-9 Region 10 Releases and Transfers of Potential Carcinogens by
Code Major Group), Ib.
INDUSTRY CLASS
None/Not 20-39
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Appare 1
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Instruments
Misc Manufact
DOE-Hanford
Total
SIC
0
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
49
Total
Air
74.033
500
0
4.500
0
2.322.187
0
3.057.027
0
539,166
141.132
521.737
0
0
501.252
508,964
634
1,006
213.850
26.600
0
900
7,913.488
Direct
Water
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
639,959
0
2.517
654
400
0
0
80
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
643.860
On Site
Land
0
0
0
0
0
1.000
0
7,840
0
4,000
5.700
0
0
0
200
250
960
0
0
0
0
530
20.480
Water via
POTV
0
250
0
0
0
500
0
160.000
0
12.999
569
250
0
0
300
1,952
1,136
0
0
27.000
0
0
204.956
Off Site
Transfer
1.779
250
0
0
0
42,304
0
149.818
0
179,181
624
10,579
0
0
56,432
74,005
1,210
0
3,050
27,000
0
940
547,172
Industry Category (SIC
Total
Rel/Trans
76,062
1,000
0
4,500
0
2,365,991
0
4,014,644
0
737.863
148,679
532,966
0
0
558,264
585.171
3.940
1.006
216,900
80.600
0
2,370
9,329.956
Percent
of Total
0.8X
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
25. 4X
O.OX
43. OX
O.OX
7.9X
1.6X
5.7X
O.OX
O.OX
6. OX
6.3X
O.OX
O.OX
2.3X
0.9X
O.OX
O.OX
Reflecting the economic focus of the Region, most of the companies are
involved in the production of paper, wood products, chemicals,
petroleum refining or transportation equipment Seven out of the top
ten facilities are primarily engaged in producing paper and allied
products.
The large areas of relatively pristine forest, atmospheric, freshwater and
marine environments in the Region 10 coastal states highlight the
advisability of performing further analysis on chemicals and/or facilities
of possible concern. Additional analyses could focus on other effects of
concern, such as aquatic toxicity, or could evaluate the impacts of large
chemical loadings to estuaries from across a wide area.
Releases by City and County
Table 2-11 presents the cities in Region 10 with total releases and
transfers of more than 1 million pounds for all chemicals except sodium
sulfate, sodium hydroxide and aluminum oxide. Many of the locations
are included because of relatively large releases from a single facility.
For example, the Unocal facility in Kenai, Alaska, ranks as one of the
largest releasers of ammonia in the U.S.
24
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 2-10 Facilities With More Than 30,000 Ib. of Total Releases or Transfers of Chemicals
Ranked as Possible Carcinogens
Conpany Naae
City
ST
Total
Air
Direct
Water
Releases Releases
WEYERHAEUSER COMPANY
POTLATCH CORPORATION
SIMPSON TACOMA KRAFT
EVANITE FIBER CORP.
LONGVIEU FIBRE CO.
JAMES RIVER II, INC.
BOISE CASCADE PAPERS
KALAMA CHEMICAL INC.
BOISE CASCADE PAPER
WEYERHAEUSER COMPANY
JAMES RIVER II. INC.
WACKER SILTRONIC CORP.
KETCHIKAN PULP CO.
WEYERHAEUSER
JAMES RIVER CORP.
SCOTT PAPER COMPANY
OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL
LARGE STRUCTURE BUS
THE BOEING COMPANY
SMURFIT NEWSPRINT CORP
OMARK INDUSTRIES
MEDITE CORPORATION
DAVIS WALKER CORP.
LOUISIANA-PACIFIC CORP
GEORGIA-PACIFIC RESINS
WILLAMETTE IND DURAFL
ISLAND CITY PARTICLEBD
SMALL STRUCTURES BUS
LYNN INDUSTRL COATINGS
ROSEBURG FOREST PROD
WILLAMETTE IND KORPINE
EMARK INC.
WESTERN PNEUMATIC TUBE
INDUSTRIAL PLATING
BORDEN. INC. CHEMICAL
ASKO PROCESSING. INC.
TEKTRONIX, INC.
TEMCO INC.
GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORP.
GERBER LENGEND BLADES
BOEING AEROSPACE
NORTHWEST PLATING CO.
ROSEBURG FOREST PROD
ROSEBURG FOREST PROD
ARCO CHERRY POINT REFI
Facilities > 30,000 Ib
All Facilities
KLAMATH FALLS
LEWISTON
TACOMA
CORVALLIS
LONGVIEW
CLATSKANIE
ST. HELENS
KALAMA
WALLA WALLA
LONGVIEW
CAMAS
PORTLAND
KETCHIKAN
EVERETT
HALSEY
EVERETT
TACOMA
PORTLAND
RENTON
OREGON CITY
MILWAUKIE
MEDFORD
KENT
ATHOL
MILLERSBURG
ALBANY
LEGRANDE
CLACKAMAS
BOISE
RIDDLE
BEND
LEBANON
KIRKLAND
SEATTLE
SPRINGFIELD
SEATTLE
BEAVERTON
CLACKAMAS
TOLEDO
PORTLAND
KENT
SEATTLE
ROSEBURG
COQUILLE
FERNDALE
.
OR
ID
WA
OR
WA
OR
OR
WA
WA
WA
WA
OR
AK
WA
OR
WA
WA
OR
WA
OR
OR
OR
WA
ID
OR
OR
OR
OR
ID
OR
OR
OR
WA
WA
OR
WA
OR
OR
OR
OR
WA
WA
OR
OR
WA
1,749.533
710,000
380,490
467.600
103,600
307,250
160,200
317,000
278,298
195,250
186,200
207,000
150,000
184,967
171.200
180,000
77
162,210
160.250
6,190
80,050
63,700
65,250
83.531
81,200
76,190
74.576
56.813
71.956
73.500
66,280
54.137
64.000
40,100
48,839
47,996
24,300
50,800
21,000
47,340
38,000
35,750
32,934
31,500
31.001
7.438,058
7,913.488
9,
89,
307.
14.
4.
64,
23,
54,
9.
8.
5.
7.
28.
0
000
000
400
000
880
0
0
271
000
800
80
000
198
500
400
922
0
0
260
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
350
0
0
0
0
0
6
626,070
643,860
Water
Releases
to POTWs
0
0
0
0
0
0
160,000
0
0
0
0
50
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
9,500
0
27,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
197,300
204,956
On Site Off Site Total
Land Releases Environ
Perc
of
Disposal Excl POTWs Rel/Tran Total
0
0
0
0
0
4,690
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
2,900
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
440
8.280
20.480
9
11
10
176
97
26
42
23
17
1
10.
18,
4,
1,
452,
547.
54
0
.974
270
0
0
0
0
0
,250
0
0
0
0
,961
0
,891
144
0
.734
,025
,000
,050
0
0
0
0
.118
.779
0
0
309
0
480
0
480
0
0
0
0
750
500
0
0
0
769
172
1,749,587
719,000
479,464
468.270
410,600
326,820
320,200
317,000
282,569
270.500
210,250
207.130
204.000
197.065
190.661
185.400
177,890
162.354
160.250
111.184
106,075
105,950
88,550
83,531
81,203
76,190
74,576
73,931
73,735
73.500
66,280
64,696
64,000
58,580
58,339
52,476
51,300
50,800
49,350
47,340
38,750
37.250
32,934
31,500
31,447
8.722.477
9.329.956
18.8%
7.7X
5. IX
5. OX
4.4X
3.5X
3.4X
3.4X
3. OX
2.9X
2.3X
2.2X
2.2X
2. IX
2. OX
2. OX
1.9X
1.7X
1.7X
1.2X
1.1X
1.1X
0.9X
0.9X
0.9X
0.8X
0.8X
0.8X
0.8X
0.8X
0.7X
0.7X
0.7X
0.6X
0.6X
0.6X
0.5X
0.5X
0.5X
0.5X
0.4X
0.4X
0.4X
0.3X
0.3X
93. 5X
100. OX
In addition, some locations are included because of relatively high
quantities of chemicals going to on-site land disposal or to off-site
transfer. As mentioned previously, releases to permitted land disposal
facilities, whether on- or off-site, may be assumed to present a smaller
probability of exposure to significant chemical concentrations than
releases made directly to air or water. Releases to POTWs can also be
25
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 2-11 Region 10 Cities with TRI Releases/Transfers of More than One Million Lb., Excluding
Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Hydroxide and Aluminum Oxide
ST City Maae
AK KENAI
ID SODA SPRINGS
OR ST. HELENS
OR PORTLAND
AK KETCHIKAN
WA SEATTLE
ID POCATELLO
WA LONGVIEW
WA COSHOPOLIS
OR WHITE CITY
WA TACOHA
WA RENTON
WA SPOKANE
WA EVERETT
OR KLAMATH FALLS
OR CLATSKANIE
WA KENT
ID LEWISTON
OR HCMINNVILLE
WA AUBURN
WA KENNEWICK
ID BOISE
WA WALLA WALLA
WA RICHLAND
WA CAMAS
OR ALBANY
WA VANCOUVER
County
KENAI-COOK INLET
CARIBOU
COLUMBIA
HULTNOHAH
KETCHIKAN
KING
POWER
COWLITZ
GRAYS HARBOR
JACKSON
PIERCE
KING
SPOKANE
SNOHOMISH
KLAMATH
CLATSOP
KING
NEZ PERCE
YAMHILL
KING
BENTON
ADA
WALLA WALLA
BENTON
CLARK
LINN
CLARK
Total
Air
30.320.680
803,050
1.095.630
4.056,944
1.383.500
3.249.492
728,461
4,339,489
301.250
3.471.309
2.281,370
2.724.854
2.527.274
2,069,335
2.215,359
1.147,950
1,614,639
1.709,450
27.202
1.081,292
1.346,517
361,088
991,510
34.194
941,450
856,149
401.964
Direct
Water
214,111
11.050
23,000
24.236
5,007,500
1,314
0
496,300
3.351.400
0
128.414
0
314
19,928
0
143,380
0
108,000
0
56.795
14.843
499
111.455
0
79,200
60.085
58.500
On Site
Land
13.930
8.841,900
0
13,185
0
3,538
4.093.200
0
750
0
500
27,466
6,200
26,495
0
886,190
0
0
0
0
2.050
818,907
0
1.107.950
13,800
1.000
18
Water
via POTW
0
0
7,325.818
73,409
0
40,174
56,992
1,135
0
120,615
517
1,100
860
2,983
0
0
5,698
12.918
250
7,068
0
26,334
39,975
9,790
0
0
214,527
Other
Off-Site
0
0
4,618
2,527,298
0
1.789,518
55,900
26.040
52.150
6.818
445.971
51,211
34,860
419,333
54
0
444,708
37.371
1,840,000
705,482
0
125,936
18.163
7.731
49,800
134,600
347,291
Total
Rel/Trans
30.548.721
9,656,000
8,449,066
6,695,072
6,391.000
5.084.036
4,934,553
4,862,964
3,705,550
3,598,742
2.857,022
2,804,631
2.569,508
2,538,074
2,215,413
2.177,520
2.065,045
1.867.739
1.867,452
1.850,637
1,363.410
1,332,764
1.161.103
1.159,665
1,084,250
1.051,834
1.022.300
Media Totals
Cities >1 Million Lb.
Large City Fraction
All Cities
Media Fraction
72.081,402 9,910.324 15.857,079 7,940,163 9,124,853 114,914,071
86.2X
84,007.600 11,404.316 16.728,841 9.912.938 11.297.369 133.351,314
63.OX 8.6X 12.5X 7.4X 8.5X 100.OX
expected to decrease, probably significantly, as a result of biological
treatment
Table 2-12 presents city summaries of the TRI data for chemicals which
are ranked as potential carcinogens in the Risk Screening Guide. The
list includes cities with at least 50,000 pounds of total chemical releases
and transfers of these chemicals. This list is in many ways similar to the
one for all chemicals, but in other ways it varies by including new cities,
or ranking certain cities higher in the list For example, the cities of
Kenai, AK, and Soda Springs, ID, the two cities with the largest total
releases and transfers in Table 2-11, do not appear at all in Table 2-12.
Based on the chemicals considered in Table 2-12, other cities which drop
low on the priority list include Pocatello, ID, and White City, OR.
Cities which figure prominently in Table 2-12, but which were not
included in Table 2-11, include Corvallis, West Linn, and Halsey, OR,
and Kalama, WA.
26
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release
Table 2-12 Cities in
ST
OR
ID
UA
UA
OR
WA
OR
OR
OR
WA
WA
WA
AK
WA
OR
WA
WA
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
OR
ID
WA
OR
OR
OR
OR
ID
OR
OR
WA
City Kane
KLAMATH FALLS
LEWISTON
LON6VIEW
TACOKA
CORVALLIS
EVERETT
PORTLAND
WEST LINN
ST. HELENS
KALAMA
WALLA WALLA
CAMAS
KETCHIKAN
SEATTLE
HALSEY
RENTON
KENT
CLACKAHAS
MILWAUKIE
MEDFORD
OREGON CITY
DILLARD
LEBANON
ATHOL
FERNDALE
HILLERSBURG
BEAVERTON
ALBANY
SPRINGFIELD
BOISE
LEGRANDE
BEND
KIRKLAND
Media Totals
Cities > 50.000 Ib
All Cities
Region 10
Total
Air
1,749,533
710,250
302,320
396,716
467.600
380,567
387.872
307.250
160.450
317.000
278,798
186,200
150,000
174,094
171,200
160,634
118,596
117,613
89,056
78.405
6.190
109.734
83,857
83,531
79,001
81,200
26.600
76,190
65,089
71,956
74,576
66,280
64.000
7.592.358
7,913,488
Ranked by Total Releases and
Direct
Water
0
9,000
371,000
89,922
400
14,598
80
14,880
0
0
4.271
23,800
54,000
0
8,500
0
0
0
0
0
7.260
0
0
0
506
3
0
0
1.300
0
0
0
0
599,520
643,860
On Site
Land
0
0
0
0
0
2,900
0
4,690
0
0
0
250
0
500
0
960
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
2.190
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
12,240
20,480
Water
via POTW
0
1,700
850
0
0
0
869
0
160,000
0
0
0
0
502
0
0
2,150
0
0
250
0
0
250
0
0
0
27,000
0
9,500
1,136
0
0
0
204.207
204,956
Transfers
Off Site
Transfer
54
15.100
11,570
188,615
270
2,300
894
19,149
0
0
750
0
0
27,030
10,961
960
23,800
17.118
40.172
42,000
97.734
0
10,309
0
0
0
27,000
0
0
1,779
0
0
0
537.565
547.172
Inventory Data:
of Potential
Total
Rel/Transfer
1,749.587
736,050
685,740
675.253
468,270
400,365
389,715
345,969
320,450
317,000
283,819
210,250
204,000
202,126
190,661
162,554
144,546
134,731
129,228
121,405
111.184
109,734
94,416
83,531
81,697
81,203
80.600
76,190
75,889
74,871
74.576
66,280
64,000
8,945,890
9,329,956
: EPA Region 10
Carcinogens
Percent
of Total
18. 8X
7.9X
7.3X
7.2X
5. OX
4.3X
4.2X
3.7X
3.4X
3.4X
3. OX
2.3X
2.2X
2.2X
2. OX
1.7X
1.5X
1.4X
1.4X
1.3X
1.2X
1.2X
l.OX
0.9X
0.9X
0.9X
0.9X
0.8X
0.8X
0.8X
0.8X
0.7X
0.7X
95. 9X
100. OX
Table 2-13 summarizes the TRI data for Region 10 counties with more
than 1,000,000 pounds of total releases and transfers of TRI chemicals,
excluding sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide and aluminum oxide. The
highlighted geographic areas, while similar to those in Table 2-12, also
indicate that, when the data for adjacent cities are summed to the
county level, new priorities may emerge. These data are also displayed
as a map in Figure 2-8. The counties were separated into four groups,
each with an approximately equal number of counties in them. Each
group therefore contains one quarter of the total number of counties.
Counties in the lowest quartile all had total releases and transfers of
TRI chemicals less than 19,400 pounds.
27
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 2-13 Region 10 Counties with TRI Releases/Transfers of More than One Million Lb.,
Excluding Sodium Sulfate, Sodium Hydroxide and Aluminum Oxide
ST County
Total Direct On-Slte Water Other
Air Water Land via POTU Off-Site
Total
Re I/Trans
WC KENAI-COOK INLET
UA KING
ID CARIBOU
OR COLUMBIA
OR MULTNOMAH
AK KETCHIKAN
WA COWLITZ
ID POWER
WA PIERCE
WA GRAYS HARBOR
OR JACKSON
WA SPOKANE
WA SNOHOMISH
WA BENTON
OR KLAMATH
OR CLATSOP
OR LINN
WA CLARK
OR CLACKAMAS
OR YAHHILL
ID NEZ PERCE
ID ADA
OR WASHINGTON
WA WALLA WALLA
WA WHATCOH
Counties >1,000,000
pounds
All Counties
30.320,680
8,284,264
803,800
1,095,630
4,296.877
1,383,500
5,356,331
706,461
3.373,828
617,543
3,614,115
2,987,774
2.158.716
1.395,156
2.215.359
1,147.950
1,934,374
1,364,714
590,855
213.574
1.709.450
361.088
556,179
1,038.940
883,604
214,111
314
11,050
23,000
10.473
5.007.500
496,421
0
186,209
3,655,100
0
314
20,928
15.343
0
143,380
74,404
142,950
45,666
9,300
108.000
499
500
111.455
145.015
13,930
31.016
8,841,900
0
13,185
0
0
4,093.200
2,000
750
2.800
7.700
26,995
1,110,000
0
886,190
1,000
19,618
3.200
19,709
0
818,907
0
0
28,539
0
141,202
0
7.325.818
73.442
0
1,135
0
1,517
20,000
120,865
860
2,233
9,790
0
0
250
214,527
584,634
250
12,918
26,334
284.723
39.975
250
0
2.586,770
0
4,618
2,584.689
0
39.124
0
1.151,883
54,000
72,969
34.860
432,433
7,731
54
0
155,929
402,815
911.812
1.864.642
37.371
125.936
460.327
18.163
29,100
30.548.721
11.043,566
9,656,750
8,449.066
6,978,666
6,391,000
5,893,011
4,799,661
4,715,687
4,347,393
3,810.749
3,031,508
2,641,305
2.538,020
2.215,413
2.177.520
2.165,957
2,144,624
2.136,167
2.107,475
1,867,739
1.332,764
1.301,729
1,208,533
1,086,508
78,410,762 10,421.932 15.920.639 8.860.723 10.975.226 124,589.532
Percent
of Total
22.9X
8.3X
7.2X
6.3X
2X
8X
4X
6X
5X
3X
9X
3X
OX
9X
7X
6X
6X
6X
6X
6X
4X
OX
OX
0.9X
0.8X
93.4X
84,007.600 11,404,316 16,728.841 9,912,938 11,297.369 133,351,314 100.OX
R*»ion 10 County TRI R«l«AM«/Transf«rs
SIM
Canty
SUtc Botndiritf
Rwian BandciM
tor«d Oltl (XvlMf'
TOTJffl. Charorlftti
Figure 2-8 Region 10 Total Releases and Transfers by County
28
-------
Anatyiu of the Toodcs Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 2-14 Region 10 Counties with More Than 100,000 Ib. Total Releases and Transfers of
Potential Carcinogens
ST
OR
WA
ID
OR
WA
UA
OR
OR
WA
OR
OR
WA
WA
AK
OR
OR
OR
County Na*e
KLAMATH
COWLITZ
NEZ PERCE
CLACKAMAS
PIERCE
KING
BENTON
LINN
SNOHOHISH
HULTNOHAH
COLUMBIA
WALLA WALLA
CLARK
KETCHIKAN
JACKSON
WASHINGTON
DOUGLAS
Media Totals
Counties > 100.000 Ib
All Counties
Total
Air
1.749.533
619,320
710.250
520,109
407,824
517,324
467,600
412,447
382,644
387,872
160,450
278,798
199,350
150,000
101,705
73.940
109.734
7.248.900
7.913.488
Direct
Water
0
371,000
9,000
22.140
89,922
0
400
8.503
14,848
80
0
4.271
24,550
54,000
0
0
0
598,714
643,860
On Site
Land
0
0
0
4,890
0
1,460
0
0
2,900
0
0
0
250
0
750
0
0
10,250
20,480
Water
via POTW
0
850
1,700
0
0
2,652
0
250
0
869
160,000
0
0
0
250
27,000
0
193,571
204.956
Off Site
Transfer
54
11,570
15,100
174,173
188,615
51,790
270
21,270
2.300
894
0
750
1,000
0
42.500
27,000
0
537,286
547,172
Total
Re I/Transfer
1,749,587
1,002,740
736,050
721,312
686,361
573,226
468,270
442,470
402,692
389,715
320,450
283,819
225,150
204,000
145.205
127.940
109.734
8.588,721
9,329,956
Percent
of Total
18. 8X
10. 7X
7.9X
7.7X
7.4X
6. IX
5. OX
4.7X
4.3X
4.2X
3.4X
3. OX
2.4X
2.2X
1.6X
1.4X
1.2X
92. IX
100. OX
Table 2-14 summarizes the TRI data for counties with more than
100,000 pounds of total releases and transfers of potential carcinogens.
This list is significantly different from the previous table, although it is
similar to the list of cities in Table 2-12. These data are displayed in
a map in Figure 2-9. These counties were also grouped into four
classes, but there are fewer in each class because many counties
displayed in Figure 2-8 had no releases of these chemicals reportable
under TRI.
It is important to remember that not everyone living in these counties
or cities is equally exposed to these releases and transfers. Further,
these data by themselves do not indicate what level of exposure or risk
of contracting cancer may be present, or whether such levels are
significant This information is intended simply to summarize the
geographic distribution of the releases and transfers of chemicals of
special interest to indicate where follow up activities may be most
fruitful
29
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
3*s«
Ration 10 Count* TRI R«IMMS/Trarwfcrs
Canty Bowviirit*
St»t« Bow»iUri«f
Rwion Soutdiritf
TOT_REL ChoroHcth
Figure 2-9 Region 10 Total Releases and Transfers of Potential
Carcinogens by County
30
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Chapter 3: Washington Summary for 1987
In 1987, 306 facilities submitted forms, and collectively reported releases
and transfers of TRI chemicals in Washington State totalling more than
409 million pounds. However, when sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide,
and aluminum oxide are omitted, the total drops to 42 million pounds.
Figure 3-1 displays a pie chart of the remaining total releases and
transfers by release medium, e.g., releases to water, to off-site transfers,
etc. In most cases, it is difficult to assess the ultimate destination and
Washington 1987 TRI Re I eases/Transfers
H3TES:
deluding Three Chemicals
SodInn Suirate,
Sodium Hydroxide, and
Alunlnun Oxide
AIR
I DIRECT WATER
BON SITE LAND
QPOTW TRANSFERS
BOTHER OFF-SITE
Figure 3-1 Washington TRI Releases/Transfers by Release Medium
release potential of the off-site transfers. While TRI submitters provide
the name and address of receiving facilities, it is not always possible to
unambiguously identify the receiving facilities and their specific locations,
especially POTWs.
Table 3-1 lists the chemicals reported on by more than five facilities.
The five most frequently reported chemicals were sodium hydroxide,
sulfuric acid, ammonia, acetone and chlorine. Table 3-1 also includes
the "high-medium-low" type ranking factors for chemical toxicity as
discussed previously.
31
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 3-1 TRI Chemicals for Washington with Toxicity Ranks from the Risk Screening Guide
Number Chemical TPQ
of Name Rank
Reports
120 SODIUM HYDROXIDE
73 SULFURIC ACID 3
58 AMMONIA 2
49 ACETONE
48 CHLORINE 1
38 XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
37 1.1.1-TRICHLOROETHANE
36 HYDROCHLORIC ACID 2
32 PHOSPHORIC ACID
32 NITRIC ACID 3
31 TOLUENE
30 METHYL ETHYL KETONE
27 SODIUM SULFATE (SOLUTION)
25 METHANOL
24 ALUMINUM OXIDE
24 DICHLOROMETHANE
22 STYRENE
17 MANGANESE
17 COPPER
16 FREON 113
16 HYDROGEN FLUORIDE 1
15 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
13 N-BUTYL ALCOHOL
13 CHROMIUM
13 CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
12 COPPER COMPOUNDS
11 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
11 FORMALDEHYDE 2
11 CHLORINE DIOXIDE
9 GLYCOL ETHERS
9 CHLOROFORM 3
9 LEAD
8 LEAD COMPOUNDS
8 PHENOL ' 2
8 BENZENE
7 ETHYLENE GLYCOL
7 ETHYLBENZENE
7 NAPHTHALENE
6 NICKEL
6 1,2.4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE
6 PENTACHLOROPHENOL
1076 Total Submissions
RQ
Acute
Rank
3
2
3
2
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
1
1
RQ IRIS RQ
Care Care Chronic
Rank Rank Rank
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1 1 2
1 1
1 1
1
2
1 1 2
3
1 1 1
2
RQ
Aquatic
Tox
Rank
2
2
1
3
1
2
2
3
3
2
2
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
Water
Qual
Chronic
Rank
1
1
3
2
1
2
1
1
1
Table 3-2 displays chemicals reported with total releases and transfers
larger than 50,000 pounds. The five chemicals with the largest total
releases and transfers were sodium sulfate, aluminum oxide, sulfuric acid,
methanol, and methyl ethyl ketone. As discussed previously, sodium
sulfate has already been delisted, with aluminum oxide a likely delisting
candidate, and sulfuric acid releases are likely to be overestimates. The
next four highly ranked chemicals are sodium hydroxide (also delisted),
ammonia, toluene, and acetone.
32
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA
Region 10
Table 3-2 Washington TRI Chemicals With More Than 50,000 Ib. Total Releases/Transfers
Chemical Name
SODIUM SULFATE (SOLUTION)
ALUMINUM OXIDE
SULFURIC ACID
METHANOL
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
SODIUM HYDROXIDE (SOLUTION) '
AMMONIA
TOLUENE
ACETONE
1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
STYRENE
CHLOROFORM
DICHLOROMETHANE
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
CHLORINE
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
CHLORINE DIOXIDE
N-BUTYL ALCOHOL
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
DIMETHYL PHTHALATE
FREON 113
NITRIC ACID
BENZENE
COPPER COMPOUNDS
6LYCOL ETHERS
ALUMINUM (FUME OR DUST)
FORMALDEHYDE
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
AMMONIUM SULFATE (SOLUTION)
CYANIDE COMPOUNDS
PHOSPHORIC ACID
MANGANESE COMPOUNDS
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
COPPER
Total
All Chemicals
Total
Air
199
11,050,445
192,204
4,092,006
3,764,551
137.361
2.451,273
2,196.664
1,862,821
2.048.776
2,084,286
1,493,569
1.298,296
1,206,818
1,092,930
840.457
492.667
750.386
649,817
512.060
539.748
424.686
13,928
431,618
1,300
333.123
15.479
59.550
215,980
65
161
750
250
2.799
2,354
40,829,340
Direct
Water
297,960,622
349.750
3.302,835
17,300
31
120,439
1,089,020
506
49,537
47
0
257,801
0
6,498
666
40,986
2.061
0
750
0
0
0
250
506
275
2.000
0
260.750
0
4,000
0
134.981
0
12.091
258
303,683.993
Water
via POTW
959,240
350
555,011
27.718
2,750
2.178,731
12,962
677
1,530
0
0
0
398
0
500
41,725
6,265
0
0
2
0
7
1,512
0
86
11,325
0
3.000
250
203,165
64
33,204
0
1,300
7,000
4.066,310
On-Slte
Land
3,811,130
21,672,129
1,102,300
31.795
1,000
825.042
4,350
24,250
1,310
0
0
2,900
262
0
36,647
250
132
0
250
0
0
0
4,500
4,500
1
250
21,692
500
250
4,006
0
0
750
12,750
9,800
27,652,344
Other
Off -Site
22,926.461
5.110,069
528,594
69.127
429.821
484,503
115.651
94,488
290,037
120.423
22.311
147.452
239,882
39,634
57,723
2,526
341,580
0
42.455
28,580
0
91.740
489,508
27
377.477
18,663
321,692
570
18.300
60
210,006
30,088
163,600
116,518
110,661
33.448,843
Total
Rel/Trans
325,657,652
38,182,743
5,680,944
4,237,946
4,198,153
3,746,076
3,673,256
2.316,585
2,205,235
2,169,246
2,106,597
1,901.722
1.538,838
1.252,950
1.188,466
926,194
842,705
750,386
693.272
540,642
539,748
516,433
509.698
436,651
379.139
365,361
358,863
324.370
234,780
211,296
210,231
199,023
164,600
145.458
130,073
409,681,080
Pet of
Total
79. 5X
9.3X
1.4X
l.OX
l.OX
0.9X
0.9X
0.6X
0.5X
0.5X
0.5X
0.5X
0.4X
0.3X
0.3X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
o.ox
o.ox
o.ox
o.ox
Washington Industries
For the 1987 reporting year, the 306 Washington facilities which
reported submitted 1,076 individual forms for 79 chemicals or chemical
classes. Table 3-3 lists the total releases and transfers by industry class
excluding sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide and aluminum oxide, while
Figure 3-2 displays the data for comparison. These charts show that the
pulp and paper and transportation industries contribute by far the largest
fraction of Washington's total releases and transfers, with about 32%
and 24%, respectively. The contractor for the Department of Energy
facility in Richland, Washington, submitted reports for TRI chemicals
used at that federal facility.
33
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Industry Categ
Bone/lot 20-39 — 0
Food — 20
Tobacco — Zi
Textiles — ZZ
Apparel — 33
Lunbez — at
rural tnre — 25
Printing — 27
Cbinlcils — 28
Petroleum — 29
Plastics — 30
Stone/Clay — 32
Ptlnary BeUis — 33
Hacllnary — 33
Electrical — 36
Transportation — 37
Instruments — 30
Blsc. Hanufact, — 39
DOE - Hantord — 49
C
• Total Air
BOn Site Land
ory — SIC Code Hajor Group
JOB
a
iJJJBhlH^-^-b.'' r • J
IMJBIiai
3BBH
-
ID
ffl
1
BQQQO
1.1.1.1,1.1.
2 4 6 8 10 12 1
Million Pounds per Year
| Direct water jg Water via POT*
C3 Other Off Site
•1
Figure 3-2 Washington TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry Gass
Table 3-3 Washington State TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry Category
DESCRIPTION SIC
None/Not 20-39
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Prlnt-lng
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabricated Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Instruments
Mlsc Manufacturing
DOE - Hanford
0
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
49
Total
Air
17239
388236
750
23300
28581
604201
1413
8220085
250
2966967
1449702
1650773
1000
1709328
2842392
247504
290664
8670363
186840
308303
33444
Direct
Water
1000
4300
0
0
0
8790
0
4855733
0
19730
246770
0
0
59064
57045
0
750
0
0
0
0
On-Slte Water Other Total
Land
0
0
0
0
0
6840
0
41045
0
6256
141556
0
2555
3968
1000
26661
6200
0
0
12
1107950
Percent of
via POTW Off-Site Re 1 /Trans Total
0
569160
5460
0
0
1413
0
15
0
37071
250
252
250
204637
18166
0
68952
5845
11288
900
4330
1250
250
0
0
0
25136
0
171036
0
772957
3121
108057
21619
570583
1283730
30758
265624
1476667
154041
35250
7731
19489
961946
6210
23300
28581
646380
1413
13287914
250
3803231
1841399
1759082
25424
2547580
4202333
304923
632190
10152875
352169
344465
1153455
0.
2.
0.
0.
0.
1.
0.
31.
0.
9.
4.
4.
0.
6.
9.
0.
1.
24.
0.
0.
2.
05X
29X
01X
06X
07X
54X
OOX
57X
OOX
03X
37X
18X
06X
05X
98X
72X
SOX
12X
84X
82X
74X
TOTAL
29641335 5253182 1344043 927989 4927810 42094609 100.OOX
34
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Date: EPA Region 10
Washington Counties
Table 3-4 displays summations of the 1987 data for Washington counties
with more than 100,000 pounds of total releases and transfers. As
expected, the counties with the largest totals are those which are the
most populous and heavily industrialized, including King, Cowlitz and
Pierce counties. More than 2,000,000 pounds of total releases and
transfers were also reported in Benton, Clark, Grays Harbor, Snohomish
and Spokane counties.
Table 3-4 Releases and Transfers for Selected Washington Counties, Excluding Three Chemicals
County Name
KING
COWLITZ
PIERCE
GRAYS HARBOR
SPOKANE
SNOHOMISH
BENTON
CLARK
WALLA WALLA
WHATCOH
YAKIMA
THURSTON
SKAGIT
CLALLAM
CHELAN
STEVENS
GRANT
Total
Air
8,284.264
5.356.331
3.373,828
617,543
2.987.774
2,158,716
1.395.156
1.364.714
1.038.940
883.604
314.000
712.712
382,284
70.691
285,633
237.961
63,601
Direct
Water
314
496,421
186,209
3,655,100
314
20,928
15,343
142,950
111.455
145,015
0
0
110,050
350,000
0
0
0
On Site
Land
31,016
0
2,000
750
7,700
26.995
1.110,000
19,618
0
28,539
0
205
112.767
0
3.200
1,000
0
Water
via POTW
141,202
1,135
1,517
20.000
860
2.233
9,790
214.527
39,975
250
496.250
0
0
0
0
0
0
Off Site
Transfer
2.586,770
39,124
1.151,883
54.000
34.860
432.433
7.731
402,815
18.163
29,100
72,443
750
4,293
20,000
3,160
0
68,000
Total
Rel/Transfer
11,043.566
5,893,011
4,715.687
4.347,393
3.031.508
2.641,305
2,538.020
2,144,624
1.208,533
1,086.508
882,693
713.667
609,394
440,691
291,993
238,961
131,601
Percent
of Total
26. 2X
14. OX
11.2%
10.3%
7.2X
6.3%
6. OX
5. IX
2.9X
2.6X
2. IX
1.7X
1.4X
l.OX
0.7X
0.6X
0.3X
Media Totals:
Counties >100,000 Ib 29.527,752 5.234.099 1.343.790 927,739 4,925,525 41,959.155 99.6X
All Counties 29,641.335 5.253.182 1,344.043 927.989 4.927,810 42,094.609 100.OX
Washington Cities
Table 3-5 lists the Washington cities with total 1987 releases and
transfers of more than 50,000 pounds. Generally, these parallel the
county ranks, but indicate more specifically where the TRI releases are
concentrated. While most of the high-volume releases are to air, the
Weyerhaeuser facility in Cosmopolis reported releases of more than 3
million pounds of sulfuric acid to water. As discussed in Chapter 2, this
level of release may not reflect the neutralization normally applied to
acidic effluents to water. The ranks of the cities in this list are also
somewhat different from the ranks contained in Table 2-12, which was
based on total releases and transfers of potential carcinogens. For
example, Seattle, which appears first on the list in Table 3-5, ranked
35
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
seventh among Washington cities in Table 2-12. In the previous table,
the first five Washington cities were Longview, Tacoma, Everett,
Kalama, and Walla Walla.
Table 3-5 Releases and Transfers for Selected Washington Cities
City Name
SEATTLE
LONGVIEW
COSMOPOLIS
TACOMA
RENTON
SPOKANE
EVERETT
KENT
AUBURN
KENNEWICK
WALLA WALLA
RICHLAND
CAHAS
VANCOUVER
KALAMA
FERNDALE
HOQUIAM
ANACORTES
SELAH
PORT ANGELES
MEAD
YELH
REDMOND
BELLINGHAM
OLYMPIA
WENATCHEE
KIRKLAND
YAKIMA
ADDY
WOODINVILLE
KELSO
VASHON
PUYALLUP
MOSES LAKE
ELMA
BURLINGTON
GRANGER
MOXEE CITY
PORT TOWNSEND
Media Totals:
C1t1es>50.000lb
All Cities
Total
A1r
3,249,492
4,339,489
301,250
2,281.370
2,724,854
2,527,274
2,069,335
1,614,639
1.081,292
1.346.517
991,510
34.194
941,450
401,964
884,502
595,427
244,443
307,048
0
70,691
440,500
423.171
236.961
288.177
289.541
280.000
97.046
239,000
237.961
90,360
132.340
94,000
83.967
31.172
71.600
75.236
73.000
2.000
48,263
29,241,036
29,641.335
Direct
Water
1.314
496.300
3,351,400
128,414
0
314
19,928
0
56.795
14.843
111.455
0
79.200
58.500
121
134.715
299,400
110.050
0
350,000
0
0
0
10.300
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
0
17.100
5,240,899
5,253,182
On Site
Water
Land via POTW
3,538
0
750
500
27,466
6,200
26.495
0
0
2,050
0
1.107,950
13,800
18
0
28,539
0
112.767
0
0
0
0
12
0
205
3.200
0
0
750
0
0
0
1.500
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.335.740
1.344,043
40.174
1.135
0
517
1.100
860
2,983
5,698
7,068
0
39,975
9,790
0
214,527
0
0
0
0
496,000
0
0
0
57,702
250
0
0
6.475
250
0
5,250
0
900
1,000
0
20,000
0
0
0
0
911.654
927,989
Off Site
Total
Percent
Transfer Re I/Transfer of Total
1,789.518
26,040
52,150
445.971
51.211
34,860
419.333
444.708
705,482
0
18,163
7.731
49.800
347.291
9,254
2.700
1,850
4,293
0
20,000
0
0
86,799
26,400
750
3,160
139.470
2,533
0
50,750
3,830
10,200
14,044
68,000
0
0
0
69,910
0
4,906,201
4.927.810
5,084,036
4,862,964
3.705,550
2.857.022
2.804,631
2.569.508
2.538.074
2,065.045
1.850.637
1,363.410
1,161.103
1.159.665
1.084,250
1,022,300
893,877
761.381
545.693
534,158
496.000
440,691
440,500
423.171
381,474
325,127
290,496
286.360
242,991
241,783
238,711
146.360
136,170
105,100
101,261
99,172
91.600
75.236
73,000
71.910
65,363
41.635,780
42,094.609
12. IX
11. 6X
8.8X
6.8X
6.7X
6. IX
6. OX
4.9X
4.4X
3.2X
2.8X
2.8X
2.6X
2.4X
2. IX
1.8X
1.3X
1.3X
1.2X
l.OX
l.OX
l.OX
0.9X
0.8X
0.7X
0.7X
0.6X
0.6X
0.6X
0.3X
0.3X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
98. 9X
100. OX
36
-------
Analysis of the Tones Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Chapter 4: Oregon Summary for 1987
For the 1987 reporting year, 217 facilities in Oregon submitted 693
individual forms with a total volume of releases and transfers of 120.6
million pounds. When sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide and aluminum
oxide are excluded, this total drops to 35.2 million pounds. Figure 4-1
displays a pie chart of these total releases and transfers by release
Oregon 1987 TRI Re I eases/Transfers
53.4X
NOTES:
Excluding Tlreo Chemicals:
Sodium Sulfate,
Sodium Hydroxide, and
Aluminum Oxide
24.6K
AIR
BDIRECT WATER
|ON SITE LAND
QPOTW TRANSFERS
HOTHER OFF-SITE
Figure 4-1 Oregon 1987 TRI Releases and Transfers by Release
Medium
medium. Compared to the State of Washington, Oregon reports
indicated a significantly higher proportion of releases and transfers to
water, either directly or via a publicly-owned treatment works (POTW)
sewage facility. The significance of these transfers to POTWs is often
difficult to interpret, since many chemicals are substantially degraded by
the biological treatments used at most major POTWs.
The five most frequently reported chemicals in Oregon were sodium
hydroxide, ammonia, sulfuric acid, chlorine, and phosphoric acid. Table
4-1 lists the 67 chemicals reported on by more than a single facility.
This table also provides summary information on the "high-medium-low"
toricity ranks for several types of health effects, taken from the EPA
Risk Screening Guide. Appendix B provides additional information on
the TRI chemicals and these toxicity ranks.
37
-------
Analysis of the Tories Releaae Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 4-1 TRI Chemicals Reported by
Hunter Chemical TPQ
of Kane Rank
Submissions
More Than Five Facilities
RQ RQ IRIS RQ
Acute Care Care Chronic
Rank Rank Rank Rank
in Oregon
RQ Water
Aquatic Qual
Tox Chronic
Rank Rank
100 SODIUM HYDROXIDE (SOLUTION)
45 SULFURIC ACID 3
32 ACETONE
29 FORMALDEHYDE 2
27 METHANOL
26 TOLUENE
25 AMMONIA 2
21 HYDROCHLORIC ACID 2
21 XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
21 CHLORINE 1
20 1,1.1-TRICHLOROETHANE
17 SODIUM SULFATE (SOLUTION)
14 FREON 113
14 NITRIC ACID 3
14 PHOSPHORIC ACID
14 PHENOL 2
13 TRICHLOROETHYLENE
12 METHYL ETHYL KETONE
11 STYRENE
10 CHROMIUM
9 GLYCOL ETHERS
8 COPPER COMPOUNDS
8 COPPER
7 ALUMINUM OXIDE
7 ETHYLENE GLYCOL
7 DICHLOROMETHANE
7 HYDROGEN FLUORIDE 1
6 N-BUTYL ALCOHOL
6 LEAD COMPOUNDS
6 METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
*** Total ***
559 out of 693 Total Submissions
3
2
t f
2 1
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
. ,
.
2
3
3
3 1
3
3
.
.
f
,
t
f
3
2
3
.
3
.
.
1
.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
.
•
2
2
3
2
3
2
1
3
2
1
2
.
.
2
3
2 2
2 3
3
2
3
3
.
.
•
Table 4-2 displays the total releases and transfers reported for 39
chemicals with more than 100,000 pounds of releases and transfers. The
chemicals with the largest amounts (when sodium sulfate, aluminum
oxide and sodium hydroxide are excluded) were methanol (methyl
alcohol), acetone, formaldehyde, toluene and zinc. These chemicals are
a somewhat different list than for the U.S. as a whole, reflecting the
different industrial makeup of Oregon industries, including the major
role of the timber and wood products industries.
38
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 4-2 Oregon TRI Chemicals with More Than 100,000 Ib. Total
Chemical None
SODIUM SULFATE (SOLUTION)
ALUMINUM OXIDE
METHANOL
SODIUM HYDROXIDE (SOLUTION)
ACETONE
FORMALDEHYDE
TOLUENE
ZINC (FUME OR DUST)
AMMONIA
ZINC COMPOUNDS
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
CHLORINE
CHLOROFORM
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
FREON 113
SULFURIC ACID
CHLORINE DIOXIDE
METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE
1.1.1-TRICHLOROETHANE
NITRIC ACID
PHENOL
LEAD COMPOUNDS
STYRENE
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
6LYCOL ETHERS
DICHLOROMETHANE
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
COPPER COMPOUNDS
MANGANESE COMPOUNDS
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
COMPOUND BETA
BARIUM COMPOUNDS
COPPER COMPOUNDS
NAPHTHALENE
ANTHRACENE
N-BUTYL ALCOHOL
Total
Air
1.110.013
991.810
2.940,899
72.069
2,543,628
2,444,775
2.124,126
9,450
659,347
128,251
1,067,463
780.910
638,400
692,170
698,552
123,466
618,460
522.184
475,896
12.770
496,367
20,912
439,005
17,338
222,939
62,200
268,437
10,343
183,863
1.376
14,150
41,826
250
750
1,000
8.114
89,416
87,225
84,412
Direct
Water
62,524,816
302,553
1,450
163.261
20.755
34,095
0
40
220,895
8
80
6,600
18,980
0
0
250
0
6,700
394
0
27
440
0
0
13,813
0
0
250
6,200
273
0
3,875
0
0
750
0
500
250
0
On Site
Land
213.130
10,805.811
760.400
1,689,211
10,250
7,640
0
570
470.070
0
0
0
1,800
0
0
230
0
0
0
0
2,577
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.500
0
0
5,500
1
0
0
0
0
8.365
8,115
0
Water
via POTW
4,611,222
4,250
7.119,699
631,678
47.735
37.249
856
250
68,250
0
300
50,768
160,000
3.893
500
439,688
0
0
250
488,000
1,949
500
0
0
750
138,773
263
370
2,975
1,850
250
31,185
0
250
0
0
0
0
18,000
Releases/Transfers
Other
Off Site
30,600
459,621
78,608
1,735,542
41,302
70,470
114,388
1,600,570
189,950
1,400,001
41,934
500
600
22,110
16,950
151,650
0
8,228
53,636
9,700
3.926
435.671
10,600
340,179
48,413
69.100
250
233.437
9,140
178.848
148,700
77.600
120.038
110,000
109,200
101.340
10,757
11.653
3.724
Total
Rel/Trans
68.489,781
12.564,045
10,901,056
4,291,761
2,663.670
2,594.229
2.239.370
1,610,880
1,608,512
1.528,260
1,109.777
838,778
819,780
718.173
716,002
715.284
618,460
537,112
530.176
510,470
504,846
457.523
449.605
357,517
285,915
270,073
268,950
249,900
202,178
182,347
168,600
154,487
120,288
111,000
110.950
109,454
109,038
107,243
106,136
Percent
of Total
56. 8%
10. 4X
9. OX
3.6X
2.2X
2.2X
1.9X
1.3X
1.3X
1.3X
0.9X
0.7X
0.7X
0.6X
0.6X
0.6X
0.5X
0.4X
0.4X
0.4X
0.4X
0.4X
0.4X
0.3X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
Chemicals >100,000lb Rel/Trans 20,704.562 63.327.255 13.989.170 13.861.703 8.048,936 119,931.626
TOTAL Releases (All Chemicals) 20,971,223 63,361.733 13,998.763 13.899.600 8.349.833 120.581.152
Percent of Total 17.4X 52.5X 11.6X 11.5X 6.9X 100.OX
Oregon Industries
For the 1987 reporting year, 217 facilities submitted 693 individual forms
on 94 chemicals in Oregon. Table 4-3 lists the total releases and
transfers by industry class excluding sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide
and aluminum oxide, while Figure 4-2 displays the data for comparison.
These charts show that the paper and primary metals industries
contribute by far the largest fraction of Oregon's total releases and
transfers, with about 38% and 21%, respectively.
39
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventoiy Data: EPA Region 10
Table 4-3 Oregon TRI Releases/Transfers by Industry
INDUSTRY CLASS
SIC Total
Air
None/Not 20-39
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Instruments
Misc. Manufact.
Total
0
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
68
3,983
4,658
2.012
7
825
1
28
1,927
563
164
183
845
3.344
188
18.803
750
,280
0
0
0
.915
0
.971
0
,940
.753
,007
,250
.100
.127
,436
.290
.102
.758
.296
.250
.225
53.4%
Direct
Water
0
1,000
0
0
0
2,329
0
255,641
0
30,838
0
400
0
0
67,120
13,861
0
281
0
500
0
371.970
1.1X
On Site Water
Land
0
359.000
0
0
0
24,009
0
887,190
0
5.079
0
0
0
0
14.450
883
0
0
0
0
0
1.290,611
3.7X
via POTW
0
50,510
0
16,000
0
250
0
7,325,818
0
14,717
819
263
72,800
0
653,069
103.990
250
275.591
178
138,765
0
8,653,020
24, 6X
Category (SIC
Off Site
Transfer
2,010
43,150
0
0
0
100,347
0
405,936
0
54,664
500
11,329
17,500
1,200
4,679,769
172,341
23,700
120,177
129,222
363,068
0
6,124.913
17. 4X
Code Major Group)
Total
Rel/Transfer
2
521
16
4,110
13,533
2,118
9
836
91
29
7.341
854
188
579
975
3.846
188
35.243
,760
.940
0
,000
0
,850
0
.556
0
,238
,072
,999
,550
,300
.535
,511
,240
,151
,158
,629
.250
.739
Percent
of Total
0
1
0
0
0
11
0
38
0
6
0
2
0
0
20
2
0
1
2
10
0
.ox
.5X
.OX
.OX
.OX
.7X
.OX
.4X
.OX
.OX
.OX
.4X
.3X
.IX
.8X
.4X
.5X
.6X
.8X
.9X
.5X
100. OX
Industry Category — SIC Code Major Group
•one/Hot 20-39 — 0
rood — 20
Tobacco — 21
TlXtilts — 22
Appan 1 — 23
Lnmlitr — 24
rnmltarB — 25
B
«SSS!8*SHII!raV'; rTIEII
Printing — 27
Clenlcals — 28
PstroleuB — 29
Plastics — 30
LMtitr — 31
Stou/Clay — 32
Primary Btt*ls — 33
Fsbx. Mtt»ls — 31
Hacblmcrr — 35
Electrical — 36
Transportation — 37
Instructs — 3D
Blsc. nuultct.— 39
m
m
i
am
• i , i , i , i i i , i , i .
0 24 6 8 10 12 14 16
Million Pounds per Year
B Total Air • Direct water ^ water via POTW
B On Site Land Q Other Off Site
Figure 4-2 Oregon TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry Category
40
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Oregon Counties
Table 4-4 displays the total 1987 releases and transfers for Oregon
counties with more than 100,000 pounds of total releases and transfers.
The largest releases occurred in the counties of Columbia, Multnomah
(where the city of Portland is located), Jackson, Klamath, and Clatsop
counties. Columbia is present primarily because of a very large (over 7
million pounds) release to POTW. The actual amount of chemical
released to water after biological treatment there is likely to be
somewhat less than this amount.
Table 4-4 Releases and Transfers for Selected Oregon Counties
County Name
COLUMBIA
MULTNOMAH
JACKSON
KLAMATH
CLATSOP
LINN
CLACKAMAS
YAMHILL
WASHINGTON
LANE
DOUGLAS
BENTON
MARION
UMATILLA
JEFFERSON
HOOD RIVER
DESCHUTES
WASCO
UNION
Media Totals:
Counties >100,000 1b
Large County Fraction
All Counties
Total
Air
1.095.630
4.296.877
3.614,115
2,215,359
1.147.950
1,934,374
590,855
213.574
556,179
726,859
642.734
535.250
167,667
28,250
209.049
188,000
164,105
151.558
115.646
18,594.031
98. 9X
18,803.225
53.4%
Direct
Water
23,000
10.473
0
0
143.380
74.404
45,666
9,300
500
17,847
4,900
650
1.000
0
0
0
0
4,800
0
335,920
90. 3X
371,970
1.1X
On Site
Land
0
13,185
2.800
0
886.190
1,000
3,200
19,709
0
4.527
0
250
19.000
340.000
0
0
0
0
0
1.289.861
99. 9X
1,290,611
3.7X
Water
via POTW
7.325,818
73,442
120,865
0
0
250
584,634
250
284.723
10.760
0
0
234.518
16.000
0
0
13
0
1,497
8.652,770
100. OX
8.653,020
24. 6X
Off Site
Total
Transfer Rel/Transfer
4,618
2.584,689
72,969
54
0
155.929
911.812
1,864.642
460,327
20,316
0
15.370
5.600
0
0
0
1.000
0
0
6.097,326
99. 5X
6,124.913
17. 4X
8.449.066
6.978,666
3.810,749
2.215.413
2.177,520
2.165.957
2.136,167
2,107,475
1,301,729
780,309
647,634
551,520
427,785
384,250
209.049
188.000
165.118
156,358
117,143
34,969,908
99. 2X
35.243.739
100. OX
Percent
of Total
24. OX
19. 8X
10. 8X
6.3X
6.2X
6. IX
6. IX
6. OX
3.7X
2.2X
1.8X
1.6X
1.2X
1.1X
0.6X
0.5X
0.5X
0.4X
0.3X
Oregon Cities
Table 4-5 displays the total 1987 releases and transfers for Oregon cities
whose facilities collectively reported total releases and transfers of more
than 50,000 pounds. As in earlier tables, these totals do not include
data for sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide or aluminum oxide. The high
rank for the city of St Helens is primarily due to reported releases of
methanol to a POTW, while facilities in Portland reported large releases
of methanol and toluene to air. In Table 2-12, which summarized
releases and transfers of potential carcinogens in Region 10 cities,
41
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Klamath Falls was ranked highest of all Region 10 cities. Other Oregon
cities which were ranked relatively highly in that table include Corvallis,
Portland, West Linn, and St. Helens, primarily due to total air releases.
Table 4-5 Releases and Transfers for Selected Oregon Cities
City Name
ST. HELENS
PORTLAND
WHITE CITY
KLAMATH FALLS
CLATSKANIE
MCMINNVILLE
ALBANY
MILWAUKIE
MILLERSBURG
BEAVERTON
CLACKAMAS
CORVALLIS
DILLARD
SPRINGFIELD
OREGON CITY
HERMISTON
FOREST GROVE
EUGENE
SALEM
HALSEY
SHERIDAN
GRESHAM
MEDFORD
CULVER
TROUTDALE
HOOD RIVER
BEND
THE DALLES
LEBANON
SHERWOOD
PRINEVILLE
GRANTS PASS
CANBY
ALOHA
LEGRANDE
RIDDLE
TOLEDO
Total
Air
1.095.630
4,056.944
3.471.309
2.Z15.359
1,147.950
27.202
856.149
230.057
686,230
335,471
203,158
535,250
535,800
406,738
7,884
28,250
26.758
319.871
103.012
308,138
183,122
193.674
142.806
209,049
170.505
188,000
164,105
151.558
83,857
1,250
72.319
74.311
51,250
64,950
74,576
73,500
29.100
Direct
Water
23,000
24.236
0
0
143.380
0
60,085
0
1,205
500
0
650
0
16,792
27,210
0
0
1.055
0
13,114
1,000
0
0
0
50
0
0
4,800
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
36,050
On Site
Land
0
13,185
0
0
886,190
0
1,000
0
0
0
0
250
0
0
0
340,000
0
4,527
0
0
19,709
0
2.800
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
750
0
0
0
0
0
Water
via POTW
7,325.818
73,409
120,615
0
0
250
0
535,615
0
159.923
48,519
0
0
10,720
0
0
50.750
40
234,768
0
0
33
250
0
0
0
13
0
250
72,800
0
0
250
1,000
0
0
0
Off Site
Transfer
4,618
2,527,298
6,818
54
0
1.840,000
134,600
176.180
0
161,737
349,405
15,370
0
3.250
337.234
0
271.200
17.066
500
11.020
24,642
25.254
66.151
0
36,300
0
1,000
0
10.309
17.500
13.037
500
23.521
9,140
0
0
0
Total
Rel/Transfer
8,449,066
6,695.072
3.598.742
2.215,413
2.177,520
1,867,452
1,051,834
941,852
687.435
657.631
601.082
551.520
535.800
437.500
372.328
368,250
348,708
342,559
338,280
332,272
228,473
218,961
212.007
209,049
206,855
188,000
165,118
156.358
94,416
91.550
85.356
75,561
75.271
75.090
74,576
73.500
65.150
Percent
of Total
24. OX
19. OX
10. 2X
6.3X
6.2X
5.3X
3. OX
2.7X
2. OX
1.9X
1.7X
1.6X
1.5X
1.2X
1.1X
l.OX
l.OX
l.OX
l.OX
0.9X
0.6X
0.6X
0.6X
0.6X
0.6X
0.5X
0.5X
0.4X
0.3X
0.3X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
Media Totals:
C1ties>50.000 Ib. 18,525.092 353,377 1,268,411 8,635.023 6.083.704 34,865,607
All Cities 18.803.225 371.970 1.290.611 8.653,020 6.124.913 35.243.739
53.4X 1.1X 3.7X 24.6X 17.4X 100.OX
42
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Chapter 5: Idaho Summary for 1987
For the 1987 reporting year, 52 facilities submitted 162 individual forms
on 46 chemicals or chemical classes in Idaho. Figure 5-1 displays a pie
chart of the total releases and transfers by release medium. Among the
states in Region 10, Idaho is unusual in having a very high proportion
of its total releases and transfers going to on-site land disposal. This is
a reflection of the activities of the Monsanto Company, a chemical
Idaho 1987 TRI Re I eases/Transfers
2.3X
NOTES:
Excluding Three Chemicals:
Sodium Suifate,
Sodium Hydroxide, and
Aluminum Cbcfde
74.2X
^TOTAL AIR
BDIRECT WATER
• ON SITE LAND
QPOTW TRANSFERS
RRJOTHER OFF-SITE
Figure 5-1 Idaho 1987 TRI Releases and Transfers by Release
Medium
facility located in Soda Springs, which reported large releases of nickel,
zinc and chromium compounds to on-site land disposal.
The five most frequently reported chemicals in Idaho were sodium
hydroxide, ammonia, sulfuric acid, chlorine, and phosphoric acid. This
list is-similar to the most frequently reported chemicals in the Region
as a whole. Table 5-1 lists the 27 chemicals for which reports were
submitted by more than a single facility.
43
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 5-1 TRI Chemicals Reported by Two or More Facilities in Idaho
Hunter
of
Submissions
Chemical
Nane
TPQ RQ RQ
Rank Acute Care
Rank Rank
IRIS
Care
Rank
28 SODIUM HYDROXIDE (SOLUTION)
18 AMMONIA 2
14 SULFURIC ACID 3
13 CHLORINE 1
7 PHOSPHORIC ACID
6 ACETONE
6 NITRIC ACID 3
4 AMMONIUM SULFATE (SOLUTION)
4 SODIUM SULFATE (SOLUTION)
4 HYDROCHLORIC ACID 2
4 NICKEL COMPOUNDS
3 1.1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
3 ETHYLENE GLYCOL
3 CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
2 MANGANESE COMPOUNDS
2 COPPER COMPOUNDS
2 ZINC COMPOUNDS
2 PHOSPHORUS 1
2 CADMIUM COMPOUNDS
2 BARIUM COMPOUNDS
2 METHANOL
2 ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL (MANUFAC)
2 ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS
2 HYDROGEN FLUORIDE 1
2 FORMALDEHYDE 2
2 STYRENE
2 FREON 113
*** Total ***
143 out of 162 Total Submissions
RQ RQ Water
Chronic Aquatic Qual
Rank Tox Chronic
Rank Rank
Table 5-2 lists the 37 chemicals where releases and transfers totalled
more than 10,000 pounds. Of these, 8 chemicals had more than 1
million pounds of total releases/transfers (compared to 15 in Washington
and 11 in Oregon), and 24 totalled more than 100,000 Ib. (compared to
35 in Washington and 39 in Oregon). The chemicals reported in the
largest amounts were sodium sulfate, phosphorus, zinc compounds, nickel
compounds, and sulfuric acid. Most of these substances were
predominantly placed in on-site land disposal, where there should be
limited potential for actual releases to the ambient environment to
occur.
44
-------
Analyst oC die Tories Rdeue lowcalotyDati: EPA
Region 10
Table 5-2 Idaho TRI Chemicals with More Than lOjOOO Ib. Total Releases/Transfers
Chorical Kaae
SOOIUH SULFATE (SOLUTION)
PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW OR WHITE)
ZINC COMPOUNDS
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
SULFURIC ACID
AMMONIA
CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS
SODIUM HYDROXIDE (SOLUTION)
AMMONIUM SULFATE (SOLUTION)
CHLOROFORM
CHLORINE DIOXIDE
ACETONE
CADMIUM COMPOUNDS
BARIUM COMPOUNDS
MANGANESE COMPOUNDS
FREON 113
PHOSPHORIC ACID
LEAD COMPOUNDS
COPPER COMPOUNDS
ANTIMONY COMPOUNDS
NITRIC ACID
CHLORINE
HETKANOL
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
1 , 1 . 1-TRICHLOROETHANE
FORMALDEHYDE
TETRACHLOROETHYLENE
ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL (MANUFACT)
ETHTLENE GLYCOL
STYREHE
COPPER
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
LEAD
METHTL ETHYL KETOHE
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
ACETAMIOE
TRICHLOROETKYLENE
Media Totals
Total
Air
Z70,000
2SO
359,027
16.257
206,588
883,401
17,600
50,000
0
710,000
590,700
106.145
109,340
500
1,000
166,500
32,163
7,550
3,500
1,000
500
101,255
110,000
103,500
90,020
83,531
71,956
19,330
1,039
46,000
0
2,010
250
1,545
1,000
250
11,000
4,175,707
5.7X
Direct
Water
50,180.000
0
1,200
1,000
0
432.499
750
0
0
9,000
0
99,000
250
1.000
250
0
0
2.500
1.500
2.600
0
6,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
50.737,549
69.1X
On Site
Land
784,000
3,985,000
2,504.900
2.200.500
1.814,250
327,700
1,418,500
124.050
822.407
0
0
0
176.250
"180.250
180,250
0
39,500
150,250
140,250
140,250
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14,988,307
VMer Off Site
Totftt Percent
via POTU Transfer Kel/Transfer of Total
2,046,237
0
0
750
1,367
23.155
0
871,987
0
0
0
250
0
250
0
250
95.100
0
150
250
141.750
4.850
0
5.720
0
1.136
0
250
33.848
0
3,468
15,500
1,700
0
250
0
0
3,249,868
20.4X 4.4X
0
0
0
3.500
0
0
0
14.800
0
0
0
80.800
0
250
0
9.300
0
0
6.300
250
0
800
0
0
4.163
0
1.779
42.768
20,500
750
14.260
0
15.100
13.926
11,600
12.400
0
258,557
0.4X
53.280.237
3,985,250
2.865,127
2.222,007
2,022,205
1,666,755
1,436,850
1,060.837
822.407
719.000
590.700
286.195
285,840
182.250
181,500
176.050
166.763
160.300
151.700
144.350
142.250
112,905
110,000
109,220
94,183
84,667
73.735
62.348
55.387
46.750
17,728
17.510
17.050
15.471
12.850
12.650
11.000
73.409.988
100.0X
72.6X
5.4X
3.9X
3.0X
2.8X
2.3X
2.0X
1.4X
1.1X
1.0X
0.8X
0.4X
0.4X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.2X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
o.ox
o.ox
o.ox
o.ox
o.ox
o.ox
o.ox
Idaho Industries
Table 5-3 lists the TRI data summarized by industry category. In Idaho,
the industry categories reporting the largest total releases and transfers
were the chemicals and paper industries. Reflecting Idaho's agricultural
base, the food industry reported significantly higher releases and
transfers than in Oregon, although they are close to the figures for the
state of Washington. Without the contribution of the chemical industry,
the overall picture of releases and transfers in Idaho would be
substantially reduced to around 5 million pounds of total releases and
transfers.
45
-------
ETA Regto. 10
Table 5-3 Idaho TRI Rdeases/nansfea bjr bdostiy Category (SIC Cbde Major Groop)
INDUSTRY CLASS
Hone/Not 20-39
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lwfcer
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Cheaicals
Petroleui
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
F«br. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Instruments
Hisc. Hanufact.
Total
SIC
0
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
Total
Air
72.156
126.927
0
0
0
84.281
0
1.648.200
15.200
1.581.760
0
30.300
0
0
0
72.250
211.107
14.S26
0
0
0
3.784.551
19.91
Direct
Water
0
438.000
0
0
0
0
0
108.000
0
11.549
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
557.549
Oa Site
Law!
0
326.250
0
0
0
0
0
•
0
12.935.100
0-
0
0
0
0
0
0
818.907
0
0
0
14.080,257
2.9X 74.2X
Water
vfa POTV
15.000
267.900
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
0
- 0
0
0
0
0
12.918
11.334
24.492
0
0
0
316.894
1.7X
Off Site
Tranter
1.779
0
0
0
0
1.350
0
0
0
8.000
0
3.SSO
0
0
0
37.371
38.389
154.068
0
0
0
242.728
1.3X
Total
Rel/Transfer
88.935
1.159.077
0
0
0
85.631
0
1.756.200
15.450
14.536.409
0
33.850
0
0
0
122.539
260.830
1.011.993
0
0
0
18.981.979
100.01
^ ^
rWBIT
of Total
o.sx
6.1X
O.OX
O.QX
O.OX
O.SX
O.OX
9.3X
0.1X
76.6X
O.OX
0.2X
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
0.6X
1.4X
S.3X
O.QX
O.OX
O.OX
100.0X
Industry Gate
Ion«/Tot 30-39 — 0
rooa — 20
Totmceo — 21
Textiles — 22
A?ptr«l — 23
batter — 24
ruBitw — as
P»jxrr — 26
mating — 27
r^nir^li — tn
Petralen — 29
nasties — 30
t««t£«r — 31
Stoac/Clar — 32
Primary K«tals — 93
7a&r. B«t*l» — 3«
JtoctimatT ~ 35
Electrical — 36
Tc*a«P«Ctat].eA — 37
Iostra«at» — 30
Iliac. 0am£«ct.— 39
C
B Total Air
HOn Site Land
gory
P
BB
i.i.i .i.i.i.i.
2 4 ft • 10 12 1« 16
Hilion Pounds .per Tear
B Direct w&ter B mter via POT*
Qotwr Off Site
Figure 5-2 Idaho TRI Releases and Traosfen by Industry C^tegcxy
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Idaho Counties
Table 5-4 summarizes the releases and transfers in counties with total
amounts greater than 100,000 pounds. The five counties with the largest
total releases and transfers were Caribou, Power, Nez Perce, Ada, and
Canyon.
Table 5-4 Releases and Transfers for Selected Idaho Counties
County None
CARIBOU
POWER
NEZ PERCE
ADA
CANYON
HINIDOKA
CASSIA
BINGHAH
BANNOCK
Total
A1r
803,800
706.461
1.709,450
361,088
74.322
18.050
6.250
20,002
22,000
Direct
Water
11,050
0
108,000
499
0
240,000
192,000
0
0
On Site
Land
8,841,900
4,093,200
0
818,907
150,000
26,000
0
150.000
0
Water
via POTV
0
0
12.918
26,334
211,850
0
0
0
56.992
Off Site
Transfer
0
0
37.371
125,936
12.400
0
0
0
55,900
Total
Re 1 /Transfer
9,656,750
4,799,661
1.867,739
1,332.764
448,572
284,050
198,250
170.002
134,892
Percent
of Total
50. 6X
25. 2X
9.8%
7. OX
2.4X
1.5X
l.OX
0.9X
0.7X
Media Totals:
Counties >100.000 Ib 3.721,423 551,549 14.080,007 308,094 231,607 18,892.680 99.IX
All Counties 3.856.707 557.549 14.080,257 331,894 244,507 19,070,914 100.OX
Idaho Cities
Table 5-5 lists the Idaho cities with facilities reporting TRI releases and
transfers, excluding sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, and aluminum
oxide. The cities with the largest releases and transfers (over one
million pounds), were Soda Springs, Pocatello, Lewiston, and Boise.
Soda Springs and Pocatello were ranked high because of large amounts
of chemicals placed in on-site land disposal. Lewiston was ranked high
primarily because of large releases to air from a single facility. Boise
facilities released a variety of chemicals to air and to on-site land
disposal. Of these, Lewiston and Boise were also ranked high in Table
2-12, which summarized the releases and transfers of potential
carcinogens in Region 10 cities. In Table 2-12, the city of Athol also
appeared.
47
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 5-5 Releases and Transfers for Selected Idaho Cities
City
Mane
Total
Air
Direct
Water
On Site
Land
Water
via POTV
Off Site
Transfer
Total
Rel/Transfer
Percent
of Total
SODA SPRINGS 803.050 11,050 8.841.900 0 0 9.656,000 50.6X
POCATELLO 728.461 0 4,093.200 56,992 55.900 4,934.553 25.9%
LEUISTON 1.709.450 108.000 0 12.918 37.371 1.867.739 9.8X
BOISE 361.088 499 818,907 26.334 125.936 1.332.764 7.OX
CALOWELL 22,250 0 150,000 189,600 0 361.850 1.9X
HEYBURN 3,550 240,000 26,000 0 0 269,550 1.4X
BURLEY 6.250 192,000 000 198,250 l.OX
ABERDEEN 20,000 0 150,000 0 0 170,000 0.9X
NAMPA 52.072 0 0 22.250 12.400 86.722 0.5X
ATHOL 83.781 0000 83.781 0.4X
Media Totals:
Cities > SO.OOOlb 3.789.952 551.549 14.080.007 308.094 231.607 18,961.209 99.4X
All Cities 3.856.707 557.549 14.080.257 331,894 244.507 19,070.914 100.OX
48
-------
Analysis of the Tones Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Chapter 6: Alaska Summary for 1987
In 1987, Alaska facilities submitted 53 reports on 46 chemicals. Figure
6-1 displays the proportion of TRI releases and transfers by release
medium. Because of the small number of facilities in Alaska, the
activities of a single facility may exert a strong influence on these
proportions. However, the release of more than 30,000,000 pounds of
ammonia to air from the Unocal facility is large even by national U.S.
standards. This facility's activities overwhelmingly dominate the picture
of TRI reports in Alaska.
Alaska 1987 TRI Re I eases/Transfers
as.n
NOTES:
Excluding Three Chemicals:
scat urn suirate.
Sodium Hydroxide, and
Aiunlnum oxide
On Site Land disposal and POTW
/orr-site transfers were < o.ix
^TOTAL AIR
HDIRECT WATER
|ON SITE LAND
Q POTW TRANSFERS
gOTHER OFF-SITE
Figure 6-1 Alaska 1987 TRI Releases/Transfers by Release
Medium
Table 6-1 presents the chemicals reported by Alaska facilities. No
chemicals were reported on by more than four facilities, so the list
includes only the chemicals reported on by at least two facilities. The
six most frequently reported chemicals are ammonia, xylene, cyclohexane,
toluene, benzene, and ethyl benzene (all had four reports). Most of
these chemicals are a much smaller proportion of total TRI reports
elsewhere in the U.S., and reflect the role of the petroleum refining and
chemical industries in the state.
49
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 6-1 TRI Chemicals Reported in Alaska by Two or More Facilities
Number Chemical TPQ
of Name Rank
Submissions
4 AMMONIA 2
4 XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
4 CYCLOHEXANE
4 TOLUENE
4 ETHYLBENZENE
4 BENZENE
3 CHLORINE 1
3 SODIUM HYDROXIDE (SOLUTIO
3 SULFURIC ACID 3
3 NAPHTHALENE
2 1.2.4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE
2 CUMENE
2 PHOSPHORIC ACID
*** Total ***
41 out of 53 Total Submissions
RQ
Acute
Rank
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
3
2
3
f
3
3
RQ IRIS RQ
Care Care Chronic
Rank Rank Rank
2
. •
'. '. 2
3
1 1 2
.
.
. . .
* .
. . .
. *
.
RQ
Aquatic
Tox
Rank
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
1
.
,
3
Water
Qual
Chronic
Rank
.
.
.
.
.
1
.
1
.
Table 6-2 summarizes the TRI data on releases and transfers for each
chemical with a total of at least 1,000 Ib releases and transfers. The
chemicals with the largest total releases and transfers were ammonia,
hydrochloric acid, chlorine, sulfuric acid, and chloroform. Of these, the
data for hydrochloric and sulfuric acid releases to water may be
overestimated, as discussed previously.
Table 6-2 Alaska TRI Chemicals with More
Chemical Name
AMMONIA
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
CHLORINE
SULFURIC ACID
CHLOROFORM
TOLUENE
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
BENZENE
1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE
CYCLOHEXANE
ETHYLBENZENE
ETHYLENE GLYCOL
FORMALDEHYDE
1.2.4-TRIMETHYLBENZENE
Media Totals
Total
Air
30,182.121
730.000 4
490.502
13,000
150.000
27.929
27,371
26,647
18,000
17,976
13,366
0
5,150
4.204
31.706,266 5
85. 8X
Direct
Water
206,470
,500,000
0
450.000
54,000
82
200
148
2,500
200
11
7.000
250
0
,220,861
14. IX
Than 1,000 Ib. Total Releases and Transfers
On Site
Land
9,000
0
0
1,500
0
80
120
200
250
0
30
250
0
0
11,430
O.OX
Water
via POTW
0
0
0
0
0
22
0
0
0
0
13
0
0
0
35
O.OX
Off Site
Transfer
0
0
0
0
0
23
13
97
0
0
6
0
0
0
139
O.OX
Total
Re I/Transfer
30,397.591
5,230,000
490.502
464.500
204,000
28.136
27,704
27.092
20,750
18,176
13.426
7.250
5.400
4,204
36.938.731
100. OX
Percent
of Total
82. 3X
14. 2X
1.3X
1.3X
0.6X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
0.1X
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
50
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data:
Table 6-3 Alaska
INDUSTRY CLASS
None/Not 20-39
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Instruments
M1sc. Manufact.
Total
SIC
0
20
21
22
23
24
25
26 1
27
28 30
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
31
Releases/Transfers by
Total
A1r
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.383.505
0
,204,400
118,428
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.706.333
85. 8X
Direct
Water
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5,007,504
0
198,500
15,611
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5.221,615
14. IX
EPA Region 10
Industry Category (SIC Code Major Group)
On Site
Land
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13,250
680
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13.930
O.OX
Water
via POTW
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
35
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
35
O.OX
Off Site
Transfer
0
0
o
0
0
0
0
0 6
0
0 30
139
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
139 36
O.OX
Total
Rel/Transfer
0
0
o
o
0
0
0
,391.009
0
,416.150
134,893
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
,942.052
100. OX
Percent
of Total
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
17. 3X
O.OX
82. 3X
0.4X
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
100. OX
Alaska Industries
Table 6-3 and Figure 6-2 show that there are only two major industry
categories in Alaska which reported TRI chemical releases or transfers:
the paper and chemical industries. Of these, the activities at the Unocal
chemical facility contribute by far the largest to the TRI chemical
releases for the state. Facilities which are engaged primarily in
petroleum extraction and distribution are not required to report under
the provisions of TRI, even if they release large quantities of the subject
chemicals. Both sets of activities are classified outside SIC Code Major
Groups 20-39.
Alaska Cities and Counties
As Table 6-4 shows, two cities' TRI releases and transfers are
significantly higher than others, reflecting the presence of two major
facilities, Unocal and Ketchikan Pulp Corporations. The sole
contribution to two release media, POTW transfers and other off-site
transfers, is made by the Mapco Petroleum facility located in North
Pole.
Alaska does not have counties per se. Boroughs provide many of the
same services as counties, but only have jurisdiction over a limited
portion of the entire state, with the state government providing similarMaterials Beiong TO-
OPPT Library
51 401 M Street, SW (TS-T93)
Washington, DC 20160
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Industry Category - SIC Code Major Group
rood
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lonbaz
furniture
Paper
Printing
Ghanacals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Prliaiy HataIs
rabz. HetaIs
UachloeiT
Electrical
Transportation
Instruments
Hisc. Bonuioct.
10
15
20
25
30
35
Million Pounds per Year
Total Air
Direct water
Water via POTW
| On Site Land Bother OTT Site
Figure 6-2 Alaska TRI Releases and Transfers by Industry Category
services for the remaining areas. In heavily populated areas, the city
and borough boundaries are largely the same. Boroughs are also used
in collecting Census population data, but the city and State governments
provide a large fraction of government services. Cities in Alaska with
large total releases and transfers include Kenai and Ketchikan. Of
these, only Ketchikan appeared in Table 2-12, which ranked cities in
Region 10 on the basis of total releases and transfers of potential
carcinogens.
Table 6-4
Releases and Transfers for Selected Alaska Cities
City Name
KENAI
KETCHIKAN
NORTH POLE
ANCHORAGE
SITKA
Media Totals
Total
Air
30,320,680
1,383,500
2,004
144
5
31.706,333
85. 8X
Direct
Water
214,111
5,007.500
0
0
4
5.221,615
14. IX
On Site Water Off Site
Total
Land via POTW Transfer Rel/Transfer
13,930
0
0
0
0
13.930
O.OX
0
0
35
0
0
35
O.OX
0
0
139
0
0
139
O.OX
30,548.721
6,391.000
2.178
144
9
36.942.052
100. OX
Percent
of Total
82. 7X
17. 3X
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
52
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Chapter 7: Introduction to the 1988 TRI Data
TRI submissions are required each year for facilities meeting the
threshold criteria; for reporting year 1988, these were due to EPA and
states by July 1, 1989. EPA subsequently entered the data and released
summaries on April 19, 1990, followed by a release of a subset of the
data in diskette format. Some reporters also provided new or revised
submissions for the 1987 reporting year, which were entered into the
data base after the data presented in the other chapters of this report
were retrieved. At this writing, the details of the revised 1987
information have not been released in PC-compatible diskette form.
This chapter presents a brief analysis of these 1988 and revised 1987
data to provide a initial comparison of the two reporting years.
For the 1988 reporting year, the chemical sodium sulfate was no longer
required to be reported. For the 1989 reporting year, whose reports
were due by July 2,1990, the chemicals sodium hydroxide and aluminum
oxide have also been delisted. Including these two chemicals, 597
facilities in Region 10 submitted 2028 forms for 1988. The remaining
analyses here will compare data for the two years with all three of these
chemicals omitted.
58.5%
Total Air
Direct ¥ater
fater via POTV
On-Site Land
I Off-Site Excl POT?
10.3*
.7X
Excluding Aluiinum Oxide and
Sodium Hydroxide
Figure 7-1 Region 10 1988 Releases/Transfers by Release Medium
53
-------
Anilyili of the Toxics Releaic Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Figure 7-1 displays the fraction of releases and transfers by medium for
1988. As in the 1987 reporting year, total air (fugitive and stack air
emissions combined) accounted for the largest fraction of total releases
and transfers when sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide and aluminum
oxide are excluded, with over 58% of the total.
The 1987 and 1988 total releases and transfers for states in Region 10
for TRI chemicals, excluding sodium hydroxide and aluminum oxide, are
presented in Table 7-1. The overall regional 1988 total of releases and
transfers was 125.5 million pounds, a decline of 4.2% from the revised
1987 reporting year total of 131.1 million pounds. However, as Table
7-1 shows, the changes on a state and release medium level varied
widely.
Table 7-1 Region 10 1987 and 1988 Releases/Transfers by State, Excluding Sodium Sulfate,
Aluminum Oxide and Sodium Hydroxide
State Year
Alaska 87
Idaho
Oregon
Washington
87Rev
88
87
87Rev
88
87
87Rev
88
87
87Rev
88
Total
Air
31,708.333
31,324,172
21,996,215
3,856,707
3,870,922
3,982,578
18,589,651
19,576,823
19,887,098
29,641,335
29,183,116
27,604,148
Direct
Water
5,221,615
4,763
4.274
557
551
296
362
371
303
5,253
4,913
13,511
,515
,455
,549
,799
,220
,670
,720
,696
,182
.782
,390
Water Undergnd
via POTW Inject
35 0
0
1,000
331,894
361,894
515,514
8,652,770
8,679,082
7.067,786
927,989
926,489
977,544
0
1,018
0
0
1,400
0
0
1
250
200
0
On-Slte
Land
13,930
14,
12,
10,
1,
1,
1,
1.
1,
13,930
1.467
080,257
266,257
173,308
270,902
274,922
032,032
344,043
343,583
914,424
Off -Site
Excl POTV
139
14,389
202,310
244.507
244,507
136,595
24,055
6,212,451
5.313,630
4,927,810
5,166,519
7,330,715
Total
Releases *
Transfers
38,942,052
36,116,006
28,476,465
19.070,914
17,295,379
15.105,613
35,243,739
36.114,998
33,804,243
42,094,609
41,533,669
50,338,221
Pet
Change
-26.7%
-12. 7X
-7. OX
21. 2X
Region Totals
87
87Revised
88
83,794,026
83,955,033
73,470,039
Pet Change by Media -12.5%
11,395,016
10,600,816
18,385,761
73.4X
9,912,688
9,967,465
8,561,844
250
200
2,419
-14.IX 1109.5X
16,709,132
14,898,672
12,121,229
-18.BX
4,956,904
11,637,866
12,983,250
11.8X
133,351,314
131,060,052
125,524,542
-4.2X
•4.2X
Total releases and transfers for Alaska and Idaho declined from 1987 to
1988, but increased for Oregon and Washington. This increase could be
the result of several factors, including the lowering of the reporting
threshold from 75,000 to 50,000 Ib., and better compliance with the law's
requirements. Total regional reported releases to water increased from
about 10.6 million to 18.4 million pounds, or about 73%, while total air
releases declined about 12%. Washington facilities accounted for all of
the additional water releases, while the amounts for other states
54
-------
of the Todca Relauc Inventory DiU: EPA Region 10
declined. Oregon's air releases increased by over 1 million pounds, but
the large reduction in Alaska's air releases overshadowed this change.
Except for reported increases in off-site transfers in Oregon and
Washington, the overall revisions in the 1987 data due to additional and
revised reports were not significant. This is likely to be true except in
the case of specific facilities for the analyses presented in previous
chapters. The same 1987 and 1988 total releases and transfers data arc
illustrated in Figure 7-2.
Stita
Alaaka
IdabO
Drag OB
TtablDftOD •?
88
10 30 10 40
Million Pounds ptr Year
10
to
| Total Alz
I On-lit* Land
[ filxtet vatar
I oif-iua EXCI yorv
»atar Tit ton
IOTE: Excluding 8odlu» SOtata.
Ox Ida and Sodlua Hrdroxid*
Figure 7-2 Comparison of Region 10 States' 1987 and 1988
Releases/Transfers
Highest Volume Chemicals for 1988
Table 7-2 displays the releases and transfers for chemicals totalling more
than 1 million pounds. As in 1987, aluminum oxide releases were the
highest (except for the now-delisted sodium sulfate). Chemicals with the
ten highest total releases and transfers (excluding delisted chemicals) are:
ammonia, methanol, ammonium sulfate, sulfuric acid, acetone, toluene,
chloroform, phosphorus, methyl ethyl ketone, and copper compounds.
In 1987, the corresponding chemicals, listed in Table 2-6, were
ammonia, methanol, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, acetone, methyl
ethyl ketone, toluene, zinc compounds, phosphorus and chloroform.
Chapter 1 discusses some reasons to suspect the accuracy of some large
55
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data:
Table 7-2: Region
Chemical Name
EPA
Region 10
10 1988 Chemicals with More Than One Million Ib. Total Releases/Transfers
Total
Air
ALUMINUM OXIDE
AMMONIA
METHANOL
AMMONIUM SULFATE
SODIUM HYDROXIDE
SULFURIC ACID
ACETONE
TOLUENE
CHLOROFORM
PHOSPHORUS
METHYL ETHYL KETONE
COPPER COMPOUNDS
HYDROCHLORIC ACID
CHLORINE
TRICHLOROETHYLENE
1.1.1-TRICHLOROETHANE
STYRENE
XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS)
HYDROGEN FLUORIDE
ZINC COMPOUNDS
FREON 113
DICHLOROMETHANE
CHLORINE DIOXIDE
FORMALDEHYDE
6LYCOL ETHERS
NITRIC ACID
Chemicals >1 Million
pounds
All Chemicals
Excl Sodium Hydroxide
and Aluminum Oxide
15.659
24.372
7.309
186
638
5.836
5.075
3.184
2,950
17
802
2,425
2,200
2,148
2,168
2,036
2,030
17
1.825
1.723
1,820
995
726
25
86,179
89,316
73,470
Note: A total of 2,419 Ib.
,470
,918
,524 2
510 5
,796
,159 6
,603
,307
,021
0
,392
,548
,655 1
,885
,901
,439
,614
,580
,226
,076
,916
.743
.705
,082
,785
,164
,019 18
,305 18
Direct
Water
334,256
877,800
.031.413
,900,250
269,092
,422.978
79.333
564
387,744
0
750
332
,992,948
50,970
80
501
0
20,513
270
16,552
0
0
250
197.517
18
75.974
.660,105
,989,109
,039 18,385.761
of TRI
chemicals
Water
Via POTW
48.927
146.820
6.133.503
375.350
3.847.628
529.456
94,881
3,052
120,000
0
1.530
3,241
49,505
65,931
26
487
0
1,500
25.390
531
506
390
0
7,922
217,280
274.050
11,947,906
12,458,399
8,561,844
On-Site Off-Site
Land Excl POTW
42.957
555
647
5.875
3.403
655
9
9
4
3.694
100
17
203
8
58.145
58,482
12.121
,635 17
.917
,730
,500
,883 1
,461
,623
.437
.960
.100
500
503 3
71
,000
0
0
0
,508
0
,542 1
0
250
0
500
,236
64
,420 27
,747 31
.229 12
,157,571
552,390
198,696
550
,850,754
729,998
333,307
180,993
1.800
0
429,566
,041,156
76,509
3,412
60,069
100.001
23.369
90,079
63,122
.843,448
67.087
102,861
0
64,046
193,725
635,750
,800,259
,991.575
,983.250
Total
Pet
of
Rel/Transfer Total
76,157,
26,505,
16,320,
12,152,
9,558,
8.976.
6.353.
5.269,
3.698,
3,694,
3,382,
3,062,
2,921,
2,646.
2,261.
2,249.
2.191,
2.166.
2.119.
2,081,
1,893.
1.827,.
1.820.
1,265,
1.146.
1.010.
202,733.
211,240,
125,524.
859
835
866
160
153
052
747
603
525
100
738
780
688
198
076
428
983
430
008
149
509
244
955
067
044
930
127
472
460
36
12
7
5
4
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
96
100
59
.IX
.5%
.7X
.8X
.5X
.2X
.OX
.5X
.ex
.7X
.6X
.4X
.4X
.3X
.IX
.IX
.OX
.OX
.OX
.OX
.9X
.9X
.9X
.6X
.5X
.5X
.OX
.OX
.4X
was underground injected in 1988.
releases of sulfuric acid to water, since much of these will normally be
neutralized prior to release.
The lists of chemicals for 1987 and 1988 are similar, except for the large
increase in ammonium sulfate releases and transfers. This substance is
widely produced as a byproduct of chemical reactions, and the increased
amounts may stem from better estimates of the mass of the chemical
manufactured by these methods and subject to TRI reporting.
Region 10 1988 County Releases/Transfers
Table 7-3 presents total releases and transfers tabulated by county,
excluding aluminum oxide and sodium hydroxide. The results are similar
to Table 2-13, which presents these data for the 1987 reporting year.
Grays Harbor County in Washington State has risen from tenth to
fourth place, with total releases and transfers of nearly 8.6 million
56
-------
Table 7-3: Counties in Region 10 with More than 1 Million Ib. of TRI
Excluding Aluminum Oxide and Sodium Hydroxide
ST
AK
UA
WA
OR
OR
AK
ID
UA
UA
UA
OR
ID
UA
OR
OR
UA
ID
OR
UA
OR
UA
UA
ID
OR
UA
OR
ID
County Maae
KENAI PENINSULA
KING
GRAYS HARBOR
COLUMBIA
MULTNOMAH
KETCH I KAN
CARIBOU
CLALLAM
COULITZ
SNOHOMISH
JACKSON
POWER
PIERCE
YAMHILL
CLACKAMAS
BENTON
NEZ PERCE
LINN
SPOKANE
UASHINGTON
CLARK
UHATCOM
ADA
CLATSOP
UALLA UALLA
LANE
BANNOCK
Counties > 1 Million
All
pounds
Counties
Total
Air
20.768,619
7,601,079
869,278
2,078,465
4,535.393
1,205,500
450,360
140,271
3.953,547
3,921,683
3,694,148
7,525
2,299,880
148,855
1.116.141
1,391,508
2,020.950
1.964,596
1,896,919
1,148,107
1,078,069
989,997
450,793
726,500
1,167,778
1,191,117
648,043
67.465,121
73.470,039
Direct
Water
169,715
1,542
7,601,400
0
5,677
4,072,740
0
4.813,420
386,931
49,380
0
0
119,990
28,300
23,917
19,762
38,800
85.707
484
278
81,247
144,880
0
20,950
16,900
21,275
0
17,703.295
18,385,761
On-Site
Land
1.157
7,382
500
0
179,589
0
5,022,691
0
100
21,950
2,200
3,721,400
9,807
4,700
3,250
781,796
80,000
2,080
500
0
6,280
14,583
861,891
577,010
500
0
220,740
11,520,106
12,121,229
Water
via POTU
0
203,924
12,000
6,367,418
40,042
0
0
0
1,127
17,490
29,344
0
1,552
250
50,161
23,763
8,750
0
36,224
294,257
327,824
230,333
80,180
0
35,975
2,343
87,008
7,849,965
8,561,844
Off-Site
Excl POTUs
5,392,
70,
3,
1,012,
200,
23,
145,
452,
70,
220,
2,302,
1,141,
12,
42,
133,
76,
503,
42,
72,
28,
50.
36,
61,
12,094,
0
835
200
421
320
560
0
000
428
457
137
0
607
855
998
106
425
301
111
089
918
451
280
0
201
228
934
862
12.983.250
Releases/Transfers in 1988;
Total
Rel/Transfer
20,
13,
8,
8,
5,
5,
5,
4,
4,
4,
3,
3,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2,
2.
1,
1,
1.
1.
1,
1.
1.
1,
116,
939,509
206,762
553,378
449,304
773,022
478,800
473,051
976,691
487,133
462,960
795.829
730,325
651,836
484,960
335,467
228,935
190.925
185,684
010,238
945,731
536,338
452,244
421,144
324,460
271 ,354
250,963
017,725
634,768
125,524,542
Pet of
Total
16
10
6
6
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
92
100.
.7X
.5X
.8%
.7%
.6X
.4X
.4X
.OX
.6X
.6X
.OX
.OX
.1X
.ox
.9X
.8X
.7X
.7X
.6X
.6X
.2%
.2X
.1X
.1X
.ox
.ox
.8X
.9X
OX
pounds, compared to a total of 4.3 million pounds in 1987. The largest
fraction of these releases were to water directly from the reporting sites.
Caribou County in Idaho declined from nearly 9.7 million pounds in
1987 to a total of 5.5 million in 1988, predominantly in on-site land
disposal. Total releases to air from the Unocal facility on Alaska's
Kenai Peninsula declined substantially from 303 to 20.8 million pounds,
but still remain among the largest for a single facility's releases in the
U.S. King County's air releases increased over 1 million pounds from
1987 to 1988, and reported transfers to off-site locations also increased
over 5 million pounds.
Table 7-4 presents 1988 county total releases and transfers of chemicals
identified as potential carcinogens in the TRI Risk Screening Guide. As
discussed in Chapter 2, these are not necessarily the only chemicals to
be concerned about, nor is this an exhaustive list of possible carcinogens.
This table corresponds to Table 2-14, which reported similar data for the
1987 reporting year. Table 7-4 contains a new column for total
environmental releases, which are the sum of releases directly from the
reporting site to air, water, and land (including underground injection).
57
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 7-4 Region 10 Counties with More than 100,000 Ib. of 1988 Total Releases/Transfers
of Potential Carcinogens
ST
WA
UA
OR
ID
WA
OR
UA
OR
AK
OR
WA
OR
OR
ID
WA
OR
WA
OR
County Maw
KING
COWLITZ
CLACKAMAS
MEZ PERCE
PIERCE
LINN
SNOHOMISH
MULTNOMAH
KETCH I KAN
BENTON
WALLA WALLA
COLUMBIA
CLATSOP
KOOTENAI
GRAYS HARBOR
JACKSON
CLARK
LANE
Counties >100,000 Ib.
All
Counties
Total
Air
1,171.877
639,074
232,376
700,500
423,962
450,736
390,005
396,781
180,300
377,150
279,000
160,450
257,000
220,091
160,500
101.648
133,150
111,671
6,386,271
7,011,748
Direct
Water
0
330,000
0
14,000
105,228
9,670
20,950
134
31,400
54
4,300
0
6,500
0
9,250
0
1,000
7,235
539,721
586,508
On-Site
Land
250
0
250
0
1
0
2.900
5,400
0
0
0
0
2,060
0
0
250
0
0
11.111
13,022
Uater
via POTU
1,713
939
0
1,000
0
0
0
774
0
1
0
120,000
0
0
0
500
0
183
125,110
129,710
Other
Off-Site
33,878
22,386
612,629
4,400
130,739
13,621
50,250
28,559
200,560
13,310
0
0
0
0
250
42,500
750
1,901
1,155,733
1,179,019
Total
Env Rel
1,172,127
969,074
232,626
714,500
529,191
460,406
413,855
402,315
211,700
377,204
283,300
160,450
265,560
220,091
169,750
101,898
134,150
118,906
6,937,103
7,611,546
Total
Re 1 /Trans
1,207,718
992,399
845,255
719,900
659,930
474,027
464.105
431,648
412,260
390,515
283.300
280,450
265,560
220,091
170,000
144.898
134.900
120,990
8,217,946
8,920,275
Pet of
Total
13. 5X
11. IX
9.5X
8.1X
7.4X
5.3X
5.2X
4.8X
4.6X
4.4X
3.2X
3.1X
3. OX
2.5X
1.9X
1.6X
1.5X
1.4X
92. 1X
100. OX
As discussed in Chapter 1, transfers of chemicals to POTWs and to
other off-site locations should be reviewed with caution, since the
exposure potential will usually be significantly less than for direct
releases.
Several changes from the 1987 data presented in Table 2-14 are
apparent. Klamath County, Oregon, no longer appears in the table,
since its total releases and transfers of these chemicals have declined to
below 100,000 pounds, down from its 1987 value of 1.7 million pounds.
Most other counties in the table occupy similar ranks to those held in
1987, except that the total releases and transfers for King County,
Washington, increased from about 573 thousand pounds to over 1.2
million pounds. Most releases and transfers of these chemicals are to
air, except for Nez Perce County, ID, and Benton County, OR, which
have more than half of the total releases and off-site transfers.
Major Industry Categories in 1988
Table 7-5 and Figure 7-3 present the 1988 releases and transfers
tabulated by industry category, or SIC Code Major Group. The 1988
data are similar to those for 1987, with the paper and chemical
industries dominant, followed by the transportation industry. The
relative position of the paper and chemical industries changed in 1988,
58
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table 7-5 Region 10 1988 Releases and Transfers by Industry Category (SIC Code Major Group),
Excluding Aluminum Oxide and Sodium Hydroxide, in pounds
SIC Code
Major Group
None/Not 20-39
Food
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Instruments
Misc. Manufac
DOE Hanford
Total
0
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
99
Total
Air
15,177
626,335
510
0
16,821
5,671,478
118,863
13,970,590
22,136
27,386.587
1,194,910
2,778,057
1.250
46,087
3.807.024
2,956,613
936.229
1,029,988
8,667,926
3.681,952
540,684
822
73,470,039
Direct
Water
1,000
413,403
0
0
0
44,416
0
17,392,519
0
188.901 8
252,746
10,054
0
18
79,789
1,022
500
643
750
0
0
0
18.385.761 12
On-Slte Water
Land
0
632.963
0
0
0
92,864
0
607,373
0
996.933
82.990
0
0
8,736
180,825
500
4,612
853,000
5,400
0
0
655,033
,121,229
via POTW
26,000
828,090
23,697
12,000
0
1,203
0
6.367,418
0
32.767
2.000
1
119,100
268
371.951
129.197
16.930
461,393
18,687
151.076
0
66
8,561,844
Other Total
Total
Off -Site Env Releases Rel/Trans
1
293
162
7
1,599
1
672
62
40
17
31
3,851
1,091
113
655
4.157
192
17
12
12.983
,540 16.177
.750 1.672.701
0 510
0 0
540 16,821
.775 5,808.758
,400 118,863
,241 31,970,482
,101 22,136
,882 36,573,822
,731 1,531,664
.051 2.788,111
,500 1,250
,550 54,841
.157 4,067,638
,950 2,958.135
.241 941.341
.957 1,883.631
,318 8.674,076
,781 3,681,952
,679 540,684
,106 655,855
,250 103.979,448
SIC Code Maj
Hone/Hot 20-39
Pood
Tobacco
Textiles
Apparel
Limber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Fettoleun
Plastics
leather
Stone/Clay
Prlnary Hetals
Fabr. Metals
Bacnlnerr
Electrical
Transportation
Instruments
Uisc. Hanuiact.
DOE Raaford
1
\m
L
r_
m
•i
E
?•
i
1
Si
p
r"
m
m
m
r
i
f
0
or Q~oup
Sisl
iHtmasg^i^^f
HBRXB2
IB'. •.'•••!
D
1
•
l
10
Hssnmii@
WT-
1
20
JO8S8M^
S005WW3?
1
30
ssa i
SI
l
40
1
50
60
Million Pounds per Year
• Total A
Hon-site
\r
• Direct Water H
Land 03 other Off-
VOTE: Excluding Aluminum Oxide and
site
Sodium
Water v
Hydroxide
•a POTW
43
2,794
24
12
17
5,972
126
39.937
23
37.279
1,596
2,828
137
86
8.290
4.179
1.071
3.000
12,850
4,025
558
668
125,524
.717
.541
,207
,000
,361
,736
,263
,141
,237
,471
,395
,163
,850
,659
,746
,282
,512
.981
.081
.809
,363
,027
.542
O.OX
2.2X
O.OX
O.OX
O.OX
4.8X
0.1X
31. 8X
O.OX
29. 7X
1.3X
2.3X
0.1X
0.1X
6.6X
3.3X
0.9X
2.4X
10. 2X
3.2X
0.4X
0.5X
100. OX
Figure 7-3 Region 10 1988 Releases and Transfers by Industry Category
(SIC Code Major Group)
59
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
with paper now accounting for nearly 32% of the region's total releases
and transfers. Table 2-5 contains corresponding data, and shows that
the paper industry reported about 26% of the total releases and
transfers for 1987. The paper industry increases were in direct water
releases and in off-site transfers to other locations for processing or
treatment, while releases and transfers to other media declined. In the
chemical industry, totals to all media except off-site transfers declined
from 1987 to 1988.
Table 7-6 and Figure 7-4 present total releases and transfers of
chemicals listed in the TRI Risk Screening Guide as potentially
carcinogenic. The table includes a new column for total environmental
releases, which is the sum of air, direct water, land, and underground
injection releases. As described in Chapter 2, the potential for exposure
to the surrounding community is higher for direct releases to air, water
and land, than from transfers off site to POTWs or other locations.
Many such facilities accept wastes from other states, so these chemicals
Table 7-6 Region 10 1988 TRI Releases and Transfers of Potential Carcinogens by Industry
Category (SIC Code Major Group), in pounds
SIC Code
Major Group
Food
Tobacco
Text i les
Apparel
Lumber
Furniture
Paper
Printing
Chemicals
Petroleum
Plastics
Leather
Stone/Clay
Primary Metals
Fabr. Metals
Machinery
Electrical
Transportation
Instruments
M1sc. Manufact
DOE Hanford
Total
Air
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
.39
51
1.431
2,600
476
152
499
393
413
65
21
901
50
3
500
0
0
0
.247
0
.683
0
.803
.027
,470
0
7
.549
.762
,960
,697
,951
.987
0
,105
Direct On-Slte
Water
0
0
0
0
14,054
0
569,076
0
2,657
337
54
0
0
80
0
0
0
0
0
0
250
Water
Land via POTW
0
0
0
0
500
0
4,960
0
1
1,661
0
0
0
250
250
0
0
5.400
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
500
0
120.000
0
3,822
500
1
0
0
36
1,001
250
3,600
0
0
0
0
Other
Total
Off-Site Env Releases
0
0
0
0
55.866
0
961,489
250
25,733
645
13,431
0
0
30.674
70.229
0
2.850
17,602
0
0
250
500
0
0
0
1.445.801
0
3.174.719
0
479.461
154,293
499.524
0
7
393,879
414.012
65,960
21.697
907.351
50.987
0
3.355
Total
Pet
Rel/Trans of Tot
1.502
4.256
509
155
512
424
485
66
28
924
50
3
500
0
0
0
.167
0
.208
250
.016
.438
,956
0
7
,589
,242
.210
.147
.953
,987
0
,605
o.ox
o.ox
o.ox
o.ox
16. 8X
O.OX
47. 7X
O.OX
5.7X
1.7X
5.8X
O.OX
O.OX
4.8X
5.4X
0.7X
0.3X
10. 4X
0.6X
O.OX
O.OX
Total
7,011,748 586.508 13,022 129.710 1.179.019 7.611.546 8,920.275 100.OX
may be transported some distance away from the plants which generate
them.
In 1988, the proportion of industries contributing significantly to the
total regional picture of releases and transfers changes slightly. The
initial 1987 data (presented in Table 2-9) shows that the paper industry
accounted for 43% of the total releases and transfers of these chemicals,
60
-------
Analysis of the Tone* Release Inventory Date: EPA Region 10
SIC Code Major Group
rood
Tobacco
Textiles
Appaial
LuaDer
Furniture
Papac
Printing
Chenicols
Patroleua
Plastics
Leatfcer
Stona/Clar
Pzinarr totals
Pabr. totals
BacHlnarr
Electrical
Transportation
Instruaaats
ttlsc. Banutact.
DOE Eanlocd
I Total Air
lOn-Site Land
Million Pounds per Year
• Direct ¥ater ^Vater via POT?
Bother Off-Site
Figure 7-4 Region 10 1988 Releases and Transfers of Potential
Carcinogens by Industry Category (SIC Code Major Group)
and that the lumber industry accounted for about 25% of the regional
total. For the 1988 reporting year, the paper industry's share increased
to nearly 48% of the total, while the lumber industry's share declined to
about 17%. The paper industry substantially increased its off-site
transfers, and decreased its releases to air, water, land and to POTWs.
The chemical industry presents a similar picture, with decreases in air
releases, but some increase in off-site transfers. Decreases to the media
involved in on-site releases is likely to reduce overall exposure potential,
at least for populations near the TRI reporting sites. The transportation
industry's share increased substantially from about 2% to 10% of the
1988 total. Most of this change was due to increased releases to air.
Major TRI Facilities in 1988
For the 1988 reporting year, 134 facilities filed reports on the releases
and transfers of potential carcinogens, compared to 117 such facilities for
the 1987 reporting year. Table 7-7 displays the facilities first identified
in Table 2-10 with more than 30,000 pounds of total 1987 releases and
transfers of potential carcinogens. The current table displays the initial
1987 total air releases and total releases and transfers for reference, and
includes the corresponding totals for 1988. These totals include the
chemicals reported by those facilities which are identified as potential
61
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
carcinogens in the Guide. As discussed in Chapter 2, these are not
necessarily the only chemicals of high concern on the TRI list. Total air
releases are identified separately because the largest overall releases
occur to this medium, and because its potential for human exposure is
generally higher than for other TRI releases and transfers.
Table 7-7 Companies Reporting More than 30,000 Ib. of Potential Carcinogens in 1987, and Their
1988 TRI Totals for the Chemicals
Facility
Name
City
ST
Total
'87 Air
Release
Total '87
Release &
Transfers
Total
•88 Air
Release
Total '88
Release &
Transfers
of '88
Total
% Change
In Total
87-88
WEYERHAEUSER COMPANY
POTLATCH CORPORATION
SIMPSON TACOMA KRAFT CO
EVANITE FIBER CORPORATION
LONGV1EW RBRE COMPANY
BOISE CASCADE PAPERS
KALAMA CHEMICAL INC.
BOISE CASCADE PAPER GROUP
WEYERHAEUSER COMPANY
JAMES RIVER II, INC.
WACKER SILTRONIC CORP
KETCHIKAN PULP COMPANY
WEYERHAEUSER EVERETT KRAFT
JAMES RIVER CORP.
SCOTT PAPER COMPANY
OCCIDENTAL CHEMICAL
LARGE STRUCTURE BUSINESS
THE BOEING COMPANY
SMURFIT NEWSPRINT CORP.
OMARK INDUSTRIES
MEDITE CORPORATION
DAVIS WALKER CORPORATION
LOUISIANA-PACIFIC CORP.
GEORGIA-PACIFIC RESINS
WILUAMETTE IND DURAFLAKE
ISLAND CITY PARTICLEBOARD
SMALL STRUCTURES BUSINESS
LYNN INDUSTRIAL COATINGS
WILLAMETTE IND. KORPINE
EMARK INC.
WESTERN PNEUMATIC TUBE
INDUSTRIAL PLATING CORP.
BORDEN, INC. CHEMICAL
ASKO PROCESSING. INC.
TEKTRONIX, INC.
TEMCO INC.
GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORP.
GERBER LEGENDARY BLADES
BOEING AEROSPACE
NORTHWEST PLATING CO.
ROSEBURG FOREST PRODUCTS
ARCO CHERRY POINT REFINERY
Total for Facilities
releasing > 30,000 Ib.
All Facilities
* Facilities which did not file TRI reports in 1988.
Klamath Falls
Lewiston
Tacoma
Corvallis
Longview
St. Helens
Kalama
Walla Walla
Longview
Camas
Portland
Ketchikan
Everett
Halsey
Everett
Tacoma
Portland
Renton
Oregon City
Milwaukie
Medford
Kent
Athol
Millersburg
Albany
Legrande
Clackamas
Boise
Bend
Lebanon
Kirkland
Seattle
Springfield
Seattle
Beaverton
Clackamas
Toledo
Portland
Kent
Seattle
Coquille
Femdale
OR 1,749,533 1.749,587
ID
WA
OR
WA
OR
WA
WA
WA
WA
OR
AK
WA
OR
WA
WA
OR
WA
OR
OR
OR
WA
ID
OR
OR
OR
OR
ID
OR
OR
WA
WA
OR
WA
OR
OR
OR
OR
WA
WA
OR
WA
710,000
380.490
467,600
103,600
160,200
317,000
278,298
195,250
186,200
207,000
150,000
184,967
171,200
180,000
77
162,210
160,250
6,190
80,050
63,700
65,250
83.531
81,200
76.190
74,576
56,813
71,956
66.280
54,137
64,000
40,100
48,839
47,996
24,300
50,800
21,000
47,340
38,000
35,750
31,500
31,001
719,000
479,464
468,270
410,600
320.200
317,000
282,569
270,500
210,250
207,130
204,000
197,065
190,661
185,400
177.890
162,354
160,250
111.184
106,075
105,950
88,550
83,531
81,203
76,190
74,576
73.931
73,735
66,280
64,696
64,000
58,580
58,339
52,476
51.300
50,800
49,350
47.340
38,750
37,250
31,500
31,447
45.400
700,000
393,490
364,900
127,700
160,200
298,300
279.000
210,500
116,000
24,300
180.300
194,200
194,541
177,000
64
208,127
184,500
0
78.350
63,700
0
97,689
78,900
78,000
56,100
133,381
36,100
66,280
99,295
65,000
30.674
21,700
36.915
35.287
14.000
11,000
34,900
18,750
•
*
31,250
45,400
714.000
606,434
365,515
387,700
280,200
298,300
283,300
302,550
116,250
24,404
412,260
206,800
204,961
223.000
22.977
208,127
184,500
590,482
95,250
106,200
739
97,689
78,900
78,000
56,100
138,628
53,880
66,280
112.166
65,001
30,674
21,914
44,235
35,287
14,000
23,000
34,900
19,000
•
•
31,750
0.5%
8.0%
6.8%
4.1%
4.3%
3.1%
3.3%
3.2%
3.4%
1.3%
0.3%
4.6%
2.3%
2.3%
2.5%
0.3%
2.3%
2.1%
6.6%
1.1%
1.2%
0.0%
1.1%
0.9%
0.9%
0.6%
1.6%
0.6%
0.7%
1.3%
0.7%
0.3%
0.2%
0.5%
0.4%
0.2%
0.3%
0.4%
0.2%
*
*
0.4%
-97.4%
•0.7%
26.5%
-21.9%
-5.6%
-12.5%
-5.9%
0.3%
11.8%
-44.7%
-88.2%
102.1%
4.9%
7.5%
20.3%
-87.1%
28.2%
15.1%
431.1%
-10.2%
0.2%
-99.2%
16.9%
-2.8%
2.4%
-24.8%
87.5%
-26.9%
0.0%
73.4%
1.6%
-47.6%
-62.4%
-15.7%
-31.2%
-72.4%
-53.4%
-26.3%
-51.0%
•
•
1.0%
7,024,374 8,289.223 4,945,793 6.680,753 74.9% -19.4%
7,496.750 9.329,9567,011,748 8,920.2480.0% -4.4%
NOTE: Four facilities filed late 1987 reports as a result of EPA enforcement actions, with total releases and transfers warranting
Inclusion in this table. Pending resolution of the cases, the identities of these facilities must be withheld.
62
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Several facilities have increased or decreased their releases and transfers
of these chemicals substantially. Two facilities which reported total
releases and transfers of over 30,000 Ib. of these chemicals did not file
TRI reports for 1988. This may indicate that these chemicals are no
longer used at these sites, or that the quantities used no longer meet the
reporting threshold criteria described in Chapter 1.
The facilities with the largest increases in total releases and transfers of
these substances (over 50%), include the Ketchikan Pulp Company in
Alaska, whose air releases increased about 20% but whose overall
releases and transfers more than doubled. The Smurfit Newsprint
Corporation of Oregon City also substantially increased its total releases
and transfers, but decreased its total air releases. This could result from
an increased reliance on off-site transfers to waste treatment facilities.
The Small Structures Business subsidiary of Precision Castparts
Corporation in Clackamas, OR, increased its overall releases and
transfers by over 87%, with air releases more than doubling. Emark
Incorporated of Lebanon, OR, also reported significant increases in both
air releases and total releases and transfers, amounting to over 73%
more than in 1987.
Several companies also reported significant decreases in the total
releases and transfers of these substances from 1987 to 1988. These
include the Weyerhaeuser Company of Klamath Falls, OR, which was
ranked as the largest overall generator of these chemicals' releases and
transfers. Weyerhaeuser's total releases and transfers at this site
declined over 95%, to a total of 45,400 Ib. This decreased figure is still
high enough, however, to rank inclusion in the list of largest TRI
reporters for these substances. The Wacker Siltronic Corporation in
Portland also reduced its total releases and transfers substantially, by
over 88%, to a total of about 24,000 Ib., mostly to air. Occidental
Chemical in Tacoma, WA, also reported major reductions of over 87%
of total releases and transfers, with air releases (already a very small
proportion of the total) declining slightly. Another major decrease in
total releases and transfers was reported by the Davis Walker
Corporation in Kent, WA, with a 99% decrease. This includes the
elimination of air releases of these substances in 1988, and total releases
and transfers of less than 750 Ib. Other companies which featured
reductions in total releases and transfers of more than 50% include
Borden Inc, in Springfield, OR; Temco, Incorporated in Clackamas, OR;
Georgia-Pacific Corporation in Toledo, OR; and Boeing Aerospace in
Kent, WA,
Ten facilities which did not report large releases of these chemicals for
1987 filed reports for 1988 which listed more than 30,000 Ib. total
releases and transfers. Table 7-8 lists these facilities, together with their
63
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Date: EPA Region 10
Table 7-8 Region 10 Facilities Reporting More Than 30,000 Ib. Total Releases/Transfers of
Potential Carcinogens in 1988, but Less Than 30,000 Ib. in 1987
Facility
JAMES RIVER II. INC.
ITT RAYONIER INC.
POST FALLS PARTICLEBOARD
ST. MARIES PLYWOOD
OREGON OVERLAY DIV.
WEYERHAEUSER FOREST PRODUCTS
ART BRASS PLATING INC.
OREGON STEEL MILLS INC.
LASKO PROCESSING INC.
ALASKA PULP CORP.
City
CLATSKANIE
HOQUIAM
POST FALLS
SAINT MARIES
PORTLAND
SPRINGFIELD
SEATTLE
PORTLAND
SEATTLE
SITKA
ST
OR
WA
ID
ID
OR
OR
WA
OR
WA
AK
Total "88
Air
Release
257.000
160,500
110,000
81,000
69,040
51,300
45,000
25.000
12.377
0
Total '88
Release It
Transfer
265,560
170.000
110,000
81,000
71,717
51,300
45.001
44,000
33,605
32,000
Total '87
Air
Release
0
250
0
0
0
0
3.603
250
21.178
0
Total '87
Release &
Transfer
0
500
0
0
0
0
3,604
250
21,678
0
1988 total air releases, total releases and transfers, and the
corresponding initial 1987 data. All of the facilities reported substantial
increases in the releases and transfers of these chemicals from 1987 to
1988.
64
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Chapter 8: Conclusions
The TRI data represent an important new source of data on the
generation and release of chemicals to the environment The public
dissemination of the data has fostered additional discussions on the
significance of these releases, and resulted in increased emphasis on
pollution prevention activities. While the data are an extremely useful
tool, they also have important limitations. These releases, for many
chemicals, are not the only ones to be concerned about, and may
represent a relatively small fraction of total environmental releases for
some chemicals. Not all of the many significant environmental problems
involve toxic chemicals. The TRI data allow users to put new
information to use in selecting priorities for environmental action.
The analyses of TRI data in this report illustrate the potential for using
this information in targeting particular geographic areas, environmental
media, industry categories and individual facilities for further
investigation. These investigations could include additional data
collection to allow more complete assessment of potential exposures and
risks from these chemical releases, and ultimately to make a
determination whether emissions reductions are warranted. The
rationale for such reductions could include the economic advantages of
reducing releases of useful chemicals, the desire of many facilities to be
"good neighbors" to their towns and cities, or revisions to Federal or
State regulatory requirements.
Among other findings, the data presented here show that the states in
the Pacific Northwest have relatively low aggregate releases and transfers
of TRI chemicals. In 1987, the Region ranked last among all EPA
Regions in total TRI releases and transfers for the chemicals now on the
reporting list The states of Washington, Oregon, Idaho and Alaska all
have relatively low total releases and transfers. Indeed, the ranks for
Alaska and Idaho largely reflect the impact of one or a few facilities
whose total releases significantly add to the state's total. Without these,
or with reduced emissions, these states would rank much lower among
states of the U.S.
The mix of industrial activities in the Pacific Northwest states differs
significantly from most other states in the U.S., and the TRI emissions
data reflect this. For example, the proportion of releases from the
paper industry is significantly higher for states in Region 10 than for the
U.S. as a whole. In particular, when selected chemical toxicity concerns
are taken into account, the paper industry represented the largest
industrial major group releasing the chemicals of concern. This and
related findings illustrate which industries may achieve the greatest
public health benefits through emission reductions.
65
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
The list of chemicals included in TRI reporting is changing. The
original list was adopted by the Congress and promulgated in EPCRA.
As EPA publishes findings based on reviews of health and environmental
effects for these and other chemicals, substances are being added to and
dropped from the list In particular, three substances which figure
prominently in overall totals of TRI reports and release quantities have
been delisted because of lack of toxicity concerns. Other substances
have been proposed for addition to the list.
Not all chemicals remaining on the list have the same type or degree of
toxicity concerns, and the potential for exposure to the releases and
transfers varies widely. In some cases, the toxicity data are incomplete.
The data base is also changing, as new or revised reports are received.
This report presents a mixture of 1987 and 1988 data, based on two
"snapshots" of the master data base taken at two points in time. Future
analyses of these two year's data may include different specific
information, but the overall picture is likely to remain as presented here.
However, these issues highlight the care which must be taken in
reviewing the data, particularly the simple tabulations presented here.
The TRI data can be used in a wide variety of similar analyses, and
represent a new and unique source of data for use in environmental
decision-making. The public availability of the data fosters public
involvement in these decisions, and represents a major step in the
evolution of the debate on environmental pollution prevention.
Although the data in raw form have many significant limitations, they
may still be extremely useful in advancing society's environmental goals.
While the data tell us little concerning the quantitative risks presented
by these chemical releases, they fill an important gap in the array of
information needed to develop reasonable estimates of such risks. By
using the TRI data in risk-based screening assessments, users are able
to more appropriately target scarce resources on some of the more
significant potential risks. After weighing these findings in conjunction
with other environmental and economic data, these resources can be
then focused on the geographic areas, chemicals, environmental media,
and industries where the greatest environmental benefits can be
achieved.
66
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Appendix A: Chemicals and Classes Subject to EPCRA 313 Reporting
Alphabetical Chemical List
CAS Number Chemical Name
75-07-0 Acetaldehyde
60-35-5 Acelamide
67-64-1 Acetone
75-05-8 Acetonitrile
53-96-3 2-Acetylaminofluorene
107-02-8 Acrolein
79-06-1 Acrylamide
79-10-7 Acrylic acid
107-13-1 Acrylonitrile
309-00-2 Aldrin
{l,4:5,8-Dimeihanonaphthalene,
l,2A4,10,10-hexachIoro-l,4,4a,
5,8,8a-hcxahydro-(l.a1pha.,
4.alpha.,4a.beta.,5.alpha.,
8.alpha.,8a.beta.)-}
••107-18-6 Allyl Alcohol
107-05-1 Allyl chloride
7429-90-5 Aluminum (fume or dust)
1344-28-1 Aluminum oxide
117-79-3 2-Aminoanthraquinone
60-09-3 4-Aminoazobenzene
92-67-1 4-Aminobiphenyl
82-28-0 l-Amino-2-methylanthraquinone
7664-41-7 Ammonia
6484-52-2 Ammonium nitrate (solution)
7783-20-2 Ammonium sulfate (solution)
62-53-3 Aniline
90-04-0 o-Anisidine
104-94-9 p-Anisidine
134-29-2 o-Anisidine hydrochloride
120-12-7 Anthracene
7440-36-0 Antimony
7440-38-2 Arsenic
1332-21-4 Asbestos (friable)
7440-39-3 Barium
98-87-3 Benzal chloride
55-21-0 Benzamide
71-43-2 Benzene
92-87-5 Benzidine
98-07-7 Benzole trichloride
(Benzotrichloride)
98-88-4 Benzoyl chloride
94-36-0 Benzoyl peroxide
100-44-7 Benzyl chloride
7440-41-7 Beryllium
92-52-4 Biphenyl
111-4*4 Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether
542-88-1 Bis(chloromethyl) ether
108-60-1 Bis(2-chloro-l-methylethyl) ether
103-23-1 Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
75-25-2 Bromoform
{Tribromomethane}
The*! chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CI. is an abbreviation for Color Index
67
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
74-83-9 Bromomethane
{Methyl bromide)
106-99-0 1,3-Butadiene
141-32-2 Butyl acrylaic
71-36-3 n-Butyl alcohol
78-92-2 sec-Butyl alcohol
75-65-0 ten-Butyl alcohol
85-68-7 Butyl benzyl phthalate
106-88-7 1,2-Butylene oxide
123-72-8 Butyraldehyde
4680-78-8 CI. Acid Green 3'
569-64-2 CI. Basic Green 4*
989-38-8 CI. Basic Red 1*
1937-37-7 CI. Direct Black 38*
2602-46-2 CI. Direct Blue 6*
16071-86-6 CI. Direct Brown 95»
2832-40-S CI. Disperse Yellow 3«
3761-53-3 CI. Food Red 5»
81-88-9 CI. Food Red 15'
3118-97-6 CI. Solvent Orange 7*
97-56-3 CI. Solvent Yellow 3'
842-07-9 CI. Solvent Yellow 14*
492-80-8 CI. Solvent Yellow 34*
(Auramine)
128-66-5 CI. Vat Yellow 4"
7440-43-9 Cadmium
156-62-7 Calcium cyanamide
133-06-2 Captan
{lH-Isoindole-U(2H)-dione,
3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-
2-[(trichloromethyl)thio]-}
63-25-2 Carbaryl
O-Naphthalcnol, methylcarbamate}
75-15-0 Carbon disulfide
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloridc
463-58-1 Carbonyl sulfide
120-80-9 Catcchol
133-90-4 Chloramben
{Benzoic acid, 3-amino-
24-dichloro-}
57-74-9 Chlordane
{4,7-Methanoindan, 1,2,4^,6,7,
8,8-ociachloro-%3,3a,4,
7,7a-hexa hydro-}
7782-50-5 Chlorine
10049-04-4 Chlorine dioxide
79-11-8 Chloroacetic acid
532-27-4 2-Chloroaceiophenone
108-90-7 Chlorobenzene
510-15-6 Chlorobenzilate
{Benzeneacetic acid,4-chloro-
^lpha.-(4-chlorophenyl)-
•alpha.-hydroxy-.ethyl ester}
75-00-3 Chloroethane
{Ethyl chloride}
67-66-3 Chloroform
74-87-3 Chloromethane
{Methyl chloride)
107-30-2 Chloromethyl methyl ether
126-99-8 Chloroprene
These chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1, 1991.
CL is an abbreviation for Color Index.
68
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
1897-45-6 Chlorothalonil
{1,3-Benzenedicarbonilrile,
2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-}
7440-47-3 Chromium
7440-48-4 Cobalt
7440-50-8 Copper
"8001-58-9 Creosote
120-71-8 p-Cresidine
1319-77-3 Cresol (mixed isomers)
108-39-4 m-Cresol
95-48-7 o-Cresol
106-44-5 p-Cresol
98-82-8 Cumene
80-15-9 Cumene hydroperoxide
135-20-6 Cupfentm
{Benzeneamine, N-hydroxy-
N-nilroso, ammonium salt}
110-82-7 Cyclohexane
94-75-7 2,4-D
{Acetic acid,
(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-}
1163-19-5 Decabromodiphenyl oxide
2303-16-4 Diallate
{Carbamothioic acid,
bis(l-methylethyl)-, S-(2>
dichloro-2-propenyl) ester)
615-05-4 2,4-Diaminoanisole
39156-41-7 2,4-Diaminoanisole sulfale
101-80-4 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
25376-45-8 Diaminotoluene (mixed isomers)
95-80-7 2,4-Diaminotoluene
334-88-3 Diazomelhane
132-64-9 Dibenzofuran
96-12-8 l,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
{DBCP}
106-93-4 1,2-Dibromoeihane
(Ethylene dibromide}
84-74-2 Dibutyl phthalale
25321-22-6 Dichlorobenzene (mixed
isomers)
95-50-1 1,2-Dichlorobenzene
541-73-1 13-Dichlorobenzene
106-46-7 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
91-94-1 33'-Dichlorobenzidine
75-27-4 Dichlorobromomethane
107-06-2 1,2-Dichloroethane
{Ethylene dichloride)
540-59-0 1,2-Dichloroethylene
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
{Methylene chloride}
120-83-2 2,4-Dichlorophenol
78-87-5 1,2-Dichloropropane
••78-88-6 23-Dichloropropene
542-75-6 13-Dichloropropylene
62-73-7 Dichlorvos
{Phosphoric acid, ^2-
dichloroethenyl dimethyl ester)
chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list. These chemicals will be subject to reporting
. for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CL to an abbreviation for Color Index.
69
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
115-32-2 Dicofol
{Benzenemethanol, 4-chloro-
.alpha.-(4-chlorophenyl)-
.alpha.- (trichloromethyl)-}
1464-53-5 Diepoxybutane
111-42-2 Diethanolamine
117-81-7 Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
{DEHP}
84-66-2 Diethyl phthalate
64-67-5 Diethyl sulfate
119-90-4 3,3'-Dimelhoxybenzidine
60-11-7 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene
119-93-7 33'-Dimelhylbenzidine
{o-Toltdinc}
79-44-7 Dimethylcarbamyl chloride
57-14-7 1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine
105-67-9 2,4-Dimethylphenol
131-11-3 Dimethyl phthalate
77-78-1 Dimethyl sulfate
••99-65-0 m-Dinitrobenzene
••528-29-0 o-Dinitrobenzene
••100-25-4 p-Dinitrobenzene
534-52-1 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol
51-28-5 2,4-Dinitrophenol
121-14-2 2,4-Dinilrotoluene
606-20-2 2,6-Dinitrotoluene
•25321-14-6 Dinitrotoluene (mixed isomers)
117-84-0 n-Dioctyl phthalaie
123-91-1 1,4-Dioxane
122-66-7 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
{Hydrazobenzene}
106-89-8 Epichlorohydrin
110-80-5 2-Ethoxyethanol
140-88-5 Ethyl acrylate
100-41-4 Ethylbenzene
541-41-3 Ethyl chloroformate
74-85-1 Ethylene
107-21-1 Ethylene gh/col
151-56-4 Ethyleneimine
{Aziridine}
75-21-8 Ethylene oxide
96-45-7 Ethylene thiourea
2164-17-2 Fluometuron
{Urea, N,N-dimethyl-N'-
[3-(trinuoromethyl)phenyI]-}
50-00-0 Formaldehyde
76-13-1 Freon 113
{Ethane, l,l,2-trichloro-l,2,2-
trifluoro-}
7644-8 Heptachlor
{1,4^,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-
3a,4,7,7a-teirahydro-
4,7-methano-l H-indene)
118-74-1 Hexachlorobenzene
87-68-3 Hexachloro-13-butadiene
77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
67-72-1 Hexachloroethane
1335-87-1 Hexachloronaphthalene
680-31-9 Hexamethylphosphoramide
302-01-2 Hydrazine
These chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
C.L is an abbreviation for Color Index.
70
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
10034-93-2 Hydrazine sulfate
7647-01-0 Hydrochloric acid
74-90-8 Hydrogen cyanide
7664-39-3 Hydrogen fluoride
123-31-9 Hydroquinone
7844-2 Isobutyraldehyde
67-63-0 Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing-strong acid
process, no supplier notification)
8045-7 4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
••120-58-1 Isosafrole
7439-92-1 Lead
5849-9 Lindane
{Cyclohexane, 1,23,4,5,6-
hexachloro-,(l.alpha.,2jlpha.,
3.beta.,4.alpha.,5.alpha.,6.beta.)-}
108-31-6 Maleic anhydride
12427-38-2 Maneb
{Carbamodilhioic acid, 1,2-
ethanediylbis-, manganese
complex}
7439-96-5 Manganese
7439-97-6 Mercury
67-56-1 Methanol
72-43-5 Methoxychlor
{Benzene, 1,1X2,2,2-
trichloroethylidene)bis
[4-methoxy-}
109-86-4 2-Methoxyethanol
96-33-3 Methyl acrylate
1634-04-4 Methyl lert-buiyl ether
101-14-4 4,4'-Meihylenebis(2-
chloroaniline)
{MBOCA}
101-61-1 4,4f-Me«hylenebis(N,N-dimethyl)
benzenamine
101-68-8 Methylenebis (phenylisocyanate)
{MBI}
74-95-3 Methylene bromide
101-77-9 4,4'-Meihylenedianiline
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
60-34-4 Methyl hydrazine
7448-4 Methyl iodide
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
62443-9 Methyl isocyanate
80-62-6 Methyl methacrylate
90-944 Michler's ketone
1313-27-5 Molybdenum trioxide
505-60-2 Mustard gas
{Ethane, l,r-thiobis[2-chloro-}
91-20-3 Naphthalene
134-32-7 alpha-Naphlhylamine
91-594 beta-Naphthylamine
7440-02-0 Nickel
7697-37-2 Nitric acid
139-13-9 Nitrilotriacetic acid
99-59-2 5-Nilro-o-anisidine
98-95-3 Nitrobenzene
92-93-3 4-Nitrobiphenyl
THese chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CL is an abbreviation for Color Index.
71
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
1836-75-5 Nitrofen
(Benzene, 2,4-dichloro-l-
(4-nitrophenoxy)-}
51-75-2 Nitrogen mustard
(2-Chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-
methylethanamine}
55-63-0 Nitroglycerin
88-75-5 2-Nitrophenol
100-02-7 4-Nitrophenol
79-46-9 2-Nitropropane
156-10-5 p-Nitrosodiphenylaraine
121-69-7 N,N-Dimethylaniline
924-16-3 N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine
55-18-5 N-Nitrosodiethylamine
62-75-9 N-Nilrosodimethylaminc
86-30-6 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
621-64-7 N-Nitrosodi-n-propylamine
4549-40-0 N-Nilrosomethytvinylamine
59-89-2 N-Nitrosomorpholine
759-73-9 N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea
684-93-5 N-Nitroso-N-methylurea
16543-55-8 N-Nitrosonomicotine
100-75-4 N-Nitrosopiperidine
2234-13-1 Octachloronaphthalene
20816-12-0 Osmium tetroxide
56-38-2 Parathion
{Phosphorothioic acid, o, o-
diethyl-o-(4-nitrophenyl) ester}
87-86-5 Pentachlorophenol
{PCP>
79-21-0 Peracetic acid
108-95-2 Phenol
106-50-3 p-Phenylencdiamine
9(M3-7 2-Phenylphenol
75-44-5 Phosgene
7664-38-2 Phosphoric acid
7723-14-0 Phosphorus (yellow or white)
85-44-9 Phthalic anhydride
88-89-1 Picric acid
1336-36-3 Polychlorinated biphenyls
{PCBs}
1120-71-4 Propane sultone
57-57-8 beta-Propiolactone
123-38-6 Propionaldehyde
114-26-1 Propoxur
(Phenol, 2-(l-melhylethoxy)-,
methylcarbamate}
115-07-1 Propylene
(Propene)
75-55-8 Propyleneimine
75-56-9 Propylene oxide
110-86-1 Pyridine
91-22-5 Quinoline
106-51-4 Quinone
82-68-8 Quintozene
{Pentachloronitro benzene}
81-07-2 Saccharin (manufacturing, no
supplier notification)
(l,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one,
1,1-dioxide}
These chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CL a an abbreviation for Color Index.
72
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventoiy Data: EPA Region 10
94-59-7 Safrole
7782-49-2 Selenium
7440-22-4 Silver
100-42-5 Styrene
96-09-3 Styrene oxide
7664-93-9 Sulfuric acid
100-21-0 Terephthalic acid
79-34-5 l,lA2-TetrachIroethane
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
{Perchloroethylene}
961-11-5 Telrachlorvinphos
{Phosphoric acid, 2-chloro-l-
(23,5-trichlorophenyl) ethenyl
dimethyl ester)
7440-28-0 Thallium
62-55-5 Thioacetamide
139-65-1 4,4'-Thiodianiline
62-56-6 Thiourea
1314-20-1 Thorium dioxide
7550-45-0 Titanium tetrachloride
108-88-3 Toluene
584-84-9 Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
91-08-7 Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
'•26471-62-5 Toluenediisocyanate
(mixed isomers)
95-53-4 o-Toluidine
636-21-5 o-Toluidine hydrochloride
8001-35-2 Toxaphene
68-76-8 Triaziquone
{24-Cyclohexadiene-l,4-dione,
2,3,5-105(1 -aziridinyl)-}
52-68-6 Trichlorfon
(Phosphonic acid,(2,2,2-lrichloro-
l-hydroxyethyl)-,dimethyl ester)
120-82-1 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
71-55-6 1,1,1-Trichloroethane
(Methyl chloroform)
79-00-5 1,1,2-Trichloroethane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
95-95-4 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
88-06-2 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
1582-09-8 Trifluralin
(Benzenamine, 2,6-dinitro-N,N-
dipropyl-4-(trinuoromethyl)-j
95-63-6 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
126-72-7 Tris(23-dibromopropyl)
phosphate
51-79-* Urethane
(Ethyl carbamate)
7440-62-2 Vanadium (fume or dust)
108-05-4 Vinyl acetate
593-60-2 Vinyl bromide
75-01-4 Vinyl chloride
75-35-4 Vinylidene chloride
1330-20-7 Xylene (mixed isomers)
108-38-3 m-Xylene
95-47-6 o-Xylene
106-42-3 p-Xylene
87-62-7 2,6-Xylidine
7440-664 Zinc (fume or dust)
Theie chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CL is an abbreviation for Color Index.
73
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
12122-67-7 Zineb
{Carbamodithioic acid, 1,2-
ethanediylbis-, zinc complex)
These chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list. These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CI. is an abbreviation for Color Index.
74
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
List By CAS Number
CAS Number Chemical Name
50-00-0 Formaldehyde
51-28-5 2,4-Dinitrophenol
51-75-2 Nitrogen mustard
{2-Chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-
methylanamine}
51-79-6 Urethane
{Ethyl carbamate}
52-68-6 Trichlorfon
{Phosphonic acid,(2,2,2-trichloro-
1-hydroxyethyl)-, dimethyl ester}
53-96-3 2-Acetylaminofluorene
55-18-5 N-Nitrosodiethylamine
55-21-0 Benzamide
55-63-0 Nitroglycerin
56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride
56-38-2 Parathion
(Phosphorothioic acid, 0,0-
diethyl-o-(4-nitrophenyl)ester}
57-14-7 1,1-Dimethyl hydrazine
57-57-8 beta-PropioIaclone
57-74-9 Chlordane
{4,7-Methanoindan,l,2,44,6,7,
8,8-octachloro-2^,3a,4,7,7a-
hexahydro-}
58-89-9 Lindane
{Cyclohexane, 1,23.4.5,6-
hexachloro-,(l.alpha.,2jlpha.,
3.beta., 4.alpha.,5-alpha.,6.bcta.)-}
59-89-2 N-Nitrosomorpholine
60-09-3 4-Aminoazobenzene
60-11-7 4-Dimethylaminoazobenzene
60-34-4 Methyl hydrazine
60-35-5 Acetamide
62-53-3 Aniline
62-55-5 Thioacetamide
62-56-6 Thiourea
62-73-7 Dichlorvos
{Phosphoric acid, 2,2-
dichloroethenyl dimethyl ester}
62-75-9 N-Nitrosodimelhylamine
63-25-2 Carbaryl
{1-Naphthalenol,
methylcarbamate)
64-67-5 Diethyl sulfate
67-56-1 Methanol
67-634) Isopropyl alcohol
(manufacturing-strong acid process,
no supplier notification)
67-64-1 Acetone
67-66-3 Chloroform
67-72-1 Hexachloroethane
68-764 Triaziquone
{24"CycIohexadiene-l,4-dionc,
2&5-lris(l-aziridinyl)-}
71-36-3 n-Butyl alcohol
71-43-2 Benzene
•• The* chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list TTiese chemicals will be subject to repotting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CL is an abbreviation for Color Index.
75
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
71-55-6 1,1,1 -Trichloroethane
{Methyl chloroform}
72-43-5 Methoxychlor
(Benzene, l,l'-(2,2,2-
trichloroethylidene)bis ,
[4-methoxy-}
74-83-9 Bromomethane
{Methyl bromide}
74-85-1 Ethylenc
74-87-3 Chloromeihane
{Methyl chloride}
74-88-4 Methyl iodide
74-90-8 Hydrogen cyanide
74-95-3 Methylene bromide
75-00-3 Chlorocthane
{Ethyl chloride)
75-01-4 Vinyl chloride
75-05-8 Acetonilrile
75-07-0 Acetaldehyde
75-09-2 Dichloromethane
{Methylene chloride}
75-15-0 Carbon disulfide
75-21-8 Ethylene oxide
75-25-2 Bromoform
{Tribromomethane}
75-27-4 Dichlorobromomethane
75-35-4 Vinylidene chloride
75-44-5 Phosgene
75-55-8 Propyleneimine
75-56-9 Propylene oxide
75-65-0 ten-Butyl alcohol
76-13-1 Freon 113
{Ethane, l,l,2-trichloro-l,2,2-
trifluoro-}
76-44-S Heptachlor
{1,4,5,6,7,8,8-Heptachloro-
3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-
4,7-methano-lH-indene}
77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene
77-78-1 Dimethyl sulfate
78-84-2 Isobutyraldehyde
•78-88-6 23-Dichloropropene
78-87-5 1,2-Dichloropropanc
78-92-2 sec-Butyl alcohol
78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone
79-00-5 1,1,2-Trichloroelhane
79-01-6 Trichloroethylene
79-06-1 Acrylamide
79-10-7 Acrylic acid
79-11-8 Chloroacetic acid
79-21-0 Peracetic acid
79-34-5 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
79-44-7 Dimethylcarbamyl chloride
79-46-9 2-Nitropropane
80-05-7 4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol
80-15-9 Cumene hydroperaxide
80-62-6 Methyl methacrylate
These chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list. These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by Jury 1,1991.
CL is an abbreviation for Color Index.
76
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
81-07-2 Saccharin (manufacturing, no
supplier notification)
{l,2-Benzisoihiazol-3(2H)-one,
1,1-dioxide)
81-88-9 CI. Food Red 15*
82-28-0 l-Amino-2-methylanthraquinone
82-68-8 Quintozene
{Pentachloronitro-benzene)
84-66-2 Dielhyl phthalate
84-74-2 Dibutyl phthalate
85-44-9 Phlhalic anhydride
85-68-7 Butyl benzyl phthalate
86-30-6 N-Nitrosodiphenylamine
87-62-7 2,6-Xylidine
87-68-3 Hexachloro-13-butadiene
87-86-5 Pentachloropheno!
{PCP}
88-06-2 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol
88-75-5 2-Nitrophenol
88-89-1 Picric acid
90-04-0 o-Anisidine
90-43-7 2-Phenylphenol
90-94-8 Michler's ketone
91-08-7 Toluene-2,6-diisocyanate
91-20-3 Naphthalene
91-22-5 Quinoline
91-59-8 beta-Naphthylamine
91-94-1 33'-Dichlorobenzidine
92-52-4 Biphenyl
92-67-1 4-Aminobiphenyl
92-87-5 Benzidine
92-93-3 4-Nitrobiphenyl
94-36-0 Benzoyl peroxide
94-59-7 Safrole
94-75-7 2,4-D
{Acetic acid,
(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-}
95-47-6 o-Xylene
95-48-7 o-Cresol
95-50-1 1,2-Dichlorobenzene
95-53-4 o-Toluidine
95-63-6 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene
95-80-7 2,4-Diaminotoluene
95-95-4 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol
96-09-3 Styrene oxide
96-12-8 I,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
{DBCP}
96-33-3 Methyl acrylate
96-45-7 Ethylene thiourea
97-56-3 CI. Solvent Yellow 3»
98-07-7 Benzoic trichloride
{Benzotrichloride}
98-82-8 Cumene
98-87-3 Benzal chloride
98-88-4 Benzoyl chloride
98-95-3 Nitrobenzene
99-59-2 5-Nitro-o-anisidine
••99-65-0 m-Dinitrobenzene
100-02-7 4-Nitrophenol
100-21-0 Terephthalic acid
HICK chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CL is an abbreviation for Color Index.
77
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
••100-25-4 p-Dinitrobenzene
100-41-4 Ethylbenzene
10CM2-S Styrene
100-44-7 Benzyl chloride
100-75-4 N-Nitrosopiperidine
101-14-4 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-
chloroaniline)
{MBOCA}
101-61-1 4,4'-Meihylenebis(N,N-dimethyl)
benzenamine
101-68-8 Methylenebis(phenylisocyanate)
{MBI}
101-77-9 4,4'-Methylenedianiline
101-80-4 4,4'-Diaminodiphenyl ether
103-23-1 Bis(2-ethylhexyl) adipatc
104-94-9 p-Anisidine
105-67-9 2,4-Dimelhylphenol
106^2-3 p-Xylene
106-44-5 p-Cresol
106-46-7 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
106-50-3 p-Phenylenediamine
106-51-4 Quinone
106-88-7 1,2-Butylene oxide
106-89-8 Epichlorohydrin
106-93-4 1,2-Dibromoelhane
{Elhylene dibromidc}
106-99-0 13-Butadiene
107-02-8 Acrolein
107-05-1 Allyl chloride
107-06-2 1,2-Dichloroethane
{Ethylene dichloride}
107-13-1 Acrylonitrile
••107-18-6 Allyl alcohol
107-21-1 Ethylene glycol
107-30-2 Chloromeihyl methyl ether
108-05-4 Vinyl acetate
108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone
108-31-6 Malcic anhydride
108-38-3 m-Xylene
10&-39-4 m-Cresol
108-60-1 Bis(2-chloro-l-melhylethyl) ether
108-88-3 Toluene
108-90-7 Chlorobenzene
108-95-2 Phenol
109-86-4 2-Methoxyethanol
110-30-5 2-Ethoxyethanol
110-82-7 Cyclohexane
110-86-1 Pyridine
111-42-2 Diethanolamine
111-44-4 Bis(2-chloroelhyl) ether
114-26-1 Propoxur
(Phenol, 2-(l-methylethoxy)-,
methylcarbamate}
115-07-1 Propylene (Propene)
115-32-2 Dicofol
(Benzenemethanol, 4-chloro-
.alpha.-(4-chlorophenyl)-
.alpha.-(trichloromelhyl)-}
117-79-3 2-Aminoanthraquinone
These chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list. These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CL is an abbreviation for Color Index.
78
-------
Analysis of (he Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
117-81-7 Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalaie
(DEHP)
117-84-0 n-Dioctyl phihalate
118-74-1 Hexachlorobenzene
119-90-4 S.S'-Dimethoxybenzidine
119-93-7 S^'-Dimethylbenzidine
{o-Tolide}
120-12-7 Anthracene
•120-58-1 Isosafrole
120-71-8 p-Cresidine
120-80-9 Catechol
120-82-1 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene
120-83-2 2,4-DichIorophenol
121-14-2 2,4-Diniirotoluene
121-69-7 N,N-Dimethylaniline
122-66-7 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine
{Hydrazobenzene}
123-31-9 Hydroquinone
123-38-6 Propionaldehyde
123-72-8 Butyraldehyde
123-91-1 1,4-Dioxane
126-72-7 Tris(23-dibromopropyl)
phosphate
126-99-8 Chloroprene
127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene
{Perchloroeihylene}
128-66-5 CI. Vat Yellow 4»
131-11-3 Dimethyl phthalaie
132-64-9 Dibenzofuran
133-06-2 Captan
{lH-boindole-13(2H)-dione,
3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-
2-[(trichloromethy)thio]-}
133-90-4 Chloramben
{Benzole acid, 3-amino-
24-dichloro-}
134-29-2 o-Anisidine hydrochloride
134-32-7 alpha-Naphthylamine
135-20-6 Cupferron
{Benzeneamine, N-hydroxy-
N-nitroso, ammonium salt}
139-13-9 Nitriloiriacetic acid
139-65-1 4,4'-Thiodianiline
140-88-5 Ethyl acrylate
141-32-2 Butyl acrylate
151-56-4 Ethyleneimine (Aziridine)
156-10-5 p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
156-62-7 Calcium cyanamide
302-01-2 Hydrazine
30940-2 Aldrin
{I,p5,8-Dimethanonaphthalene,
lA3,4,10,10-hexachloro-l,4,4a,
5,8,8a-hexahydro-(l.alpha.,
4.alpha.,4a-beta.,5.alpna.,
84lpha.,8a.beta.)-}
334-88-3 Diazomethane
463-58-1 Carbonyl suinde
492-80-8 CI. Solvent Yellow 34*
{Auramine}
The»c chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by Jury 1,1991.
CL is an abbreviation for Color Index.
79
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
505-60-2 Mustard gas
{Elhane,l,l'-thiobis{2-chloro-}
510-15-6 Chlorobenzilaie
{Benzeneacetic acid,4-chloro-
.aIpha.-(4-chlorophenyl)-
.alpha.-hydroxy-.ethyl ester)
••528-29-0 o-Dinitrobenzene
532-27-4 2-Chloroacetophenone
534-52-1 4,6-Dinilro-o-cresol
540-59-0 1,2-Dichloroethylene
541-41-3 Ethyl chloroformate
541-73-1 13-Dichlorobenzene
542-75-6 13-DichloFopropylene
542-88-1 Bis(chloromethyl) ether
569-64-2 CI. Basic Green 4»
584-84-9 Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate
593-60-2 Vinyl bromide
606-20-2 2,6-DinitrotoIuene
615-05-4 2,4-Diaminoanisole
621-64-7 N-Nitrosodi-n-propylnmine
624-83-9 Methyl isocyanate
636-21-5 o-Toluidine hydrochloride
680-31-9 Hexamethylphosphoramide
684-93-5 N-Nitroso-N-meihylurea
759-73-9 N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea
842-07-9 CI. Solvent Yellow 14*
924-16-3 N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine
961-11-5 Tetrachlorvinphos
{Phosphoric acid, 2-chIoro-l-
(2A5-trichlorophenyl)ethenyl
dimethyl ester)
989-38-8 CI. Basic Red 1*
1120-71-4 Propane sullone
1163-19-5 Decabromodiphenyl oxide
1313-27-5 Molybdenum irioxide
1314-20-1 Thorium dioxide
1319-77-3 Cresol (mixed isomers)
1330-20-7 Xylene (mixed isomers)
1332-21-4 Asbestos (friable)
1335-87-1 Hexachloronaphthalcne
1336-36-3 Polychlorinaled biphenyls
{PCBs}
1344-28-1 Aluminum oxide
1464-53-5 Diepoxybutane
1582-09-8 Trinuralin
{Bcnzcneamine, 2,6- dinitro-N,N-
dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)-}
1634-04-4 Methyl ten-butyl ether
1836-75-5 Nitrofen
{Benzene, 2,4-dichloro-l-
(4-nitrophenoxy)-}
1897-45-6 Chlorothalonil
{1,3-Benzenedicar bonitrile,
2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-}
1937-37-7 CI. Direct Black 38'
2164-17-2 Fluometuron
{Urea, N,N-dimethyl-N'-
[3-(trinuoromethyl)phenyl]-}
2234-13-1 Octachloronaphthalene
These chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list. These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CL is an abbreviation for Color Index.
80
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
2303-16-4 Diallale
{Carbamothioc acid,
bis (1-methylethyl)-, S-(23-
dichloro-2-propenyl) ester}
2602-46-2 CI. Direct Blue 6*
2832-40-8 CL Disperse Yellow 3«
3118-97-6 CI. Solvent Orange 7»
3761-53-3 CI. Food Red 5*
4549-40-0 N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine
4680-78-8 CI. Acid Green 3»
6484-52-2 Ammonium nitrate (solution)
7429-90-5 Aluminum (fume or dust)
7439-92-1 Lead
7439-96-5 Manganese
7439-97-6 Mercury
7440-02-0 Nickel
7440-22-4 Silver
7440-28-0 Thallium
7440-36-0 Antimony
7440-38-2 Arsenic
7440-39-3 Barium
7440-41-7 Beryllium
7440-43-9 Cadmium
7440-47-3 Chromium
7440-48-4 Cobalt
7440-50-8 Copper
7440-62-2 Vanadium (fume or dust)
7440-66-6 Zinc (fume or dust)
7550-45-0 Titanium tetrachloride
7647-01-0 Hydrochloric acid
7664-38-2 Phosphoric acid
7664-39-3 Hydrogen fluoride
7664-41-7 Ammonia
7664-93-9 Sulfuric acid
7697-37-2 Nitric acid
7723-14-0 Phosphorus (yellow or while)
7782-49-2 Selenium
7782-50-5 Chlorine
7783-20-2 Ammonium sulfate (solution)
8001-35-2 Toxaphene
••8001-58-9 Creosote
10034-93-2 Hydrazine sulfate
10049-04-4 Chlorine dioxide
12122-67-7 Zineb
(Carbamodithioic acid, 1,2-
ethanediylbis-,zinc complex}
12427-38-2 Maneb
{Carbamodithioic acid, 1,2-
ethanediylbis-, manganese
complex}
16071-86-6 CI Direct Brown 95*
16543-55-8 N-Nitrosonomicotine
20816-124) Osmium letroxide
••25321-14-6 Dinitrotoluene (mixed isomers)
25321-22-6 Dichlorobenzene (mixed
isomers)
25376-45-8 Diaminotoluene (mixed isomers)
••26471-62-5 Toluenediisocyanale
(mixed isomers)
39156-41-7 2,4-Diaminoanisole sulfate
These chemicals have been proposed for addition to the Section 313 list. These chemicals will be subject to reporting
for the 1990 reporting year with the first reports due by July 1,1991.
CL is an abbreviation for Color Index
81
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Section 313 Chemical Categories
Section 313 requires emissions reporting on the chemical categories listed below, in addition to the
specific chemicals listed above. The metal compounds listed below, unless otherwise specified, are
defined as including any unique chemical substance that contains the named metal (e.g., antimony,
copper, etc.) as part of that chemical's structure.
Chemical categories are subject to the 1 percent de minimis concentration unless the substance
involved meets the definition of an OSHA carcinogen.
Antimony Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains antimony as part of
that chemical's infrastructure.
Arsenic Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains arsenic as part of that
chemical's infrastructure.
Barium Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains barium as part of that
chemical's infrastructure.
Beryllium Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains beryllium as part of
that chemical's infrastructure.
Cadmium Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains cadmium as part of
that chemical's infrastructure.
Chlorophenols -
Chromium Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains chromium as part
of that chemical's infrastructure.
Cobalt Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains cobalt as part of that
chemical's infrastructure.
Copper Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains copper as part of that
chemical's infrastructure.
Cyanide Compounds X* CN-where X = H+ or any other group where a formal dissociation may
occur. For example KCN or Ca(CN)r
82
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventoiy Data: EPA Region 10
Glvcol Ethers - Includes mono- and di- ethers of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and triethylene
glycol.
Where n = l,2,or 3
R = alkyl or aryl groups
R'= R, H, or groups which, when removed, yield glycol ethers with the
structure:
R-(OCH2CH2)n-OH
Polymers are excluded from this category.
Lead Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains lead as part of that
chemical's infrastructure.
Manganese Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains manganese as part
of that chemical's infrastructure.
Mercury Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains mercury as part of that
chemical's infrastructure.
Nickel Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains nickel as part of that
chemical's infrastructure.
Polvbrominated Biphenvls fPEBs1)
"tlO-D
where x = 1 to 10
Selenium Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains selenium as part of
that chemical's infrastructure.
Silver Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains silver as part of that
chemical's infrastructure.
Thallium Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains thallium as part of
that chemical's infrastructure.
Zinc Compounds - Includes any unique chemical substance that contains zinc as part of that
chemical's infrastructure.
83
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Appendix B: Toxicity Ranks for EPCRA 313 Chemicals1
This appendix lists toxicity indices from several EPA sources for TRI chemicals. Several
official measures of chemical toxicological potency are presented because no single index considers
all factors relevant to the characterization of a chemical's toxicity potential. These EPA toxicity
indices were selected for inclusion in the Guide because they:
• Were developed by expert lexicologists using original scientific papers.
• Are toxicity-based rankings, and do not include factors such as technical feasibility
or economics.
• Consider all relevant toxic effects and routes of exposure when taken together.
• Are peer-reviewed, EPA-endorsed, and readily available.
For purposes of risk screening, the toxicity values for each index have been aggregated into three
toxicological potency groups, with Group 1 representing the highest degree of concern:
TOXICITY INDEX TOXTCOLOGTCAL POTENCY GROUPS
TPQ2
(Ibs)
RQ3
(Ibs)
Rfd
mg/kg/day
Cancer potency
WQC
mg/L
Adapted from
Inventory; Risk Screenine Guide:
Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
1; 10; 100 500 1,000; 10,000
1; 10; 100 1,000 5,000
<0.01 0.01-0.10 £1.0
All
<1 1-10 £10
Appendix A, Title HI Toxicological Potency Indices." U.S. EPA, 1989. Toxic Chemical Release
Volume 2 - Appendices.
TPQ (Threshold Planning Quantity): Based on acute inhalation toxicity concerns only; use other values for
chronic toxicity or ecotoxicity evaluations.
RQ (Reportable Quantity): More than one RQ may be assigned to each chemical depending on the toxic
effect under consideration.
84
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventoiy Data: EPA Region 10
The toxicity value ranges for the EPA toxicity indices were assigned to each of the three
lexicological potency groups in the following manner. All carcinogens were placed into Group 1.
Since, in the RQ process, carcinogens are allocated to a 1, 10, or 100 pound RQ level (see
description of RQ process below), these three RQ levels defined the Group 1 toxicity value range.
Chemicals in RQ levels of 1, 10, or" 100 pounds for each of the other end effects, i.e., acute
toxicity (listed in Table B-l as ACUTE), chronic toxicity (CTX), or aquatic toxicity (AQTX), were
assigned to lexicological potency Group 1. Chemicals in the 1,000 pound RQ level were assigned
to lexicological potency Group 2, and in the 5,000-pound RQ level lo Group 3. Where possible,
Ihe value ranges for Ihe measure of toxicity used to assign chemicals to RQ levels for each of the
above listed end effects (e.g., LDj,, and LCj,, values for acule loxicily) were used as a guide lo Ihe
determination of Group 1, 2, and 3 loxicily value ranges for Ihe olher EPA loxicily indices.
Clearly, Ihe determinations of the appropriate number of lexicological potency groups and
the ranges of toxicity values to assign to each group are arbitrary. Other schemes for presenting
the relative lexicological potency of chemicals could be developed. Any scheme thai attempls lo
integrate multiple EPA loxicily indices will have inherent flaws due lo Ihe differenl factors, or
weighting of factors, considered in the generation of each toxicity index.
Reportable Quantities (RQs)
In the case of an accidental spill or release, the National Response Center (NRC), the
State Emergency Response Committee (SERC), and the Local Emergency Planning Committee
(LEPC) musl be notified if any hazardous chemical is released al a level greater lhan or equal lo
ils reportable quantity (RQ). This notification is required under CERCLA and EPCRA. Currently
about two-thirds of Ihe Section 313 chemicals have assigned RQs. If a chemical does not yet have
an RQ, it may be thai Ihese numbers are still under consideration.
There are five levels of RQs: 1, 10, 100, 1,000, and 5,000 pounds. Since Ihis quantity is
used to trigger reporting, Ihe lower a subslance's RQ is, Ihe higher Ihe concern for potential toxic
effects, and the more often reporting will be triggered. An RQ is assigned lo a chemical based
on a consideration of Ihe chemical's inlrinsic chemical, physical, and lexicological properties. The
lowesl RQ in any category becomes Ihe primary RQ for lhal subslance. This primary RQ can be
adjusted further upon consideration of the chemical's tendency to degrade in Ihe environment
Allhough RQ determinations are nol a definite indication of how hazardous a chemical will be al
its reportable level, they may be used as indicators of a chemical's overall relative potential to cause
lexicological and/or ecological effects at a given exposure level.
In assigning an overall RQ for a substance, up to six individual RQs are calculated
separately for aquatic toxicity, acute mammalian toxicity, chronic toxicity, potential carcinogenicity,
reactivity, and ignitability. Four of these are based on health or ecological effecls (aquatic toxicity,
acule mammalian toxicity, chronic toxicity, and potential carcinogenicity).
The acute toxicity of a substance is assessed based on the LDj,, or LCj,, of a substance
administered by the oral, dermal, or inhalation route. Each of Ihe five RQ levels has an LDj,
value range for bolh acule oral and acute dermal toxicity, and an LCj,, range for acute inhalation
85
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
toxicity. The RQ level chosen for the acute toxicity category is the lowest of the RQs derived
from the available acute toxicity data.
The chronic toxicity RQ is determined by a composite score assigned to a substance based
on both minimum effective dose levels (oral, dermal, and inhalation) and the severity of the effects
caused by repeated or continuous exposure. Teratogenic effects are considered as chronic effects.
The RQ method ranks carcinogenic potential through a two-stage combined weight-of-
evidence and carcinogenic potency approach. During the first stage, evidence from animal and
human studies are evaluated and the substance is assigned to a category according to a set of
prescribed rules. The weight-of-evidence categories include Group A (known human
carcinogen-evidence in humans is sufficient), Group B (probable human carcinogen-evidence in
humans is limited or inadequate, but animal evidence is sufficient), Group C (possible human
carcinogen-inadequate or no evidence in humans and animal evidence is limited), Group D (not
classifiable), or Group E (evidence of noncarcinogenicity for humans). During the second stage,
a quantitative assessment of the animal data (for Groups A, B and C) is made by estimating the
dose of the substance that causes a 10 percent increase in tumor incidence above control levels.
This estimated dose is termed the EDi0. A potency factor (F) is calculated from the reciprocal of
the ED1(r Substances are assigned to potency groups of 1 (high), 2, or 3, depending on the
magnitude of F. The weight-of-evidence and potency classifications for a given substance are
combined through the use of a matrix that allows a designation of potential carcinogens into hazard
categories of high, medium, or low resulting in RQs of 1, 10, and 100 pounds respectively.
The aquatic toxicity RQ is based on the chemical's toxicity to freshwater fish. Data from
acute toxicity (96-hour) tests on a predetermined set of representative species are evaluated. The
toxicity range within which the preponderance of LCj,, values occurs is then translated to specific
RQ values using the table below:
Aquatic Toxicitv RQ (Pounds)
1
10
100
1,000
5,000
For information about adjustments to RQs, see the Federal Register. May 25, 1983,
p. 12552; April 4, 1985, p. 13456; September 29, 1986, p. 34534; March 16, 1987,
p. 8140. For a comprehensive description of how RQs are set and used, see: U.S.
EPA. 1985. Technical Background Document to Support Rulemaking Pursuant to
CERCLA Section 102. Volumes I. II and III.
LCjo
0.1 mg/L
1 mg/L
10 mg/L
100 mg/L
< 0.1 mg/L
< LCjj
^LC*
*LC,
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Threshold Planning Quantities (TPQs)
Threshold planning quantities have been set for each of the 366 Extremely Hazardous
Substances listed under EPCRA Section 302. Under Section 302, facilities maintaining any of the
Extremely Hazardous Substances at or above their TPQ must inform the SERC. TPQs are based
upon a relative rank list of their lexicological risk. In addition to evaluating the chemicals' acute
toxicity, the threshold planning system takes into account their tendency to become airborne. Each
chemical is assessed on the basis of "level of concern" for toxicity, and its ability to disperse.
(Gases, powdered solids, and volatile liquids rank higher in concern than brick solids and non-
volatile liquids of equal toxicity.) These factors are combined to give a ranking score for the
chemical. That score is then translated to a TPQ of 1, 10, 100, 500, 1,000, or 10,000 pounds. The
lower the number, the higher the concern for acute toxicity and ability to disperse.
One discrepancy is apparent in the toxicity tables (at the end of this Appendix). Eleven
chemicals have been assigned to potency Group 1 for acute toxicity under the RQ scheme, and
these same chemicals are relegated to potency Group 3 for TPQs. This is because acute toxicity
RQs depend solely on animal toxicity data, while TPQs are based on a chemical's potential for
becoming airborne as well as its toxicity. These 11 chemicals received low RQs, indicating a
relatively high potential to cause toxicological effects. However, these chemicals are less likely
than other chemicals to become airborne and disperse in the atmosphere; therefore, they are
assigned relatively higher TPQs.
For more information on TPQs, see the Federal Register. April 22, 1987, p. 13377.
Reference Doses (RfDs)
Reference Doses (RfDs) are used in determining the threshold dose below which no
observable effects are assumed to occur. They are estimates (with uncertainty spanning perhaps
an order of magnitude) of a daily, lifetime human exposure to a substance that is likely to be
without appreciable risk of deleterious effects, including effects to sensitive subpopulations. An
RfD is a measure of human chronic exposure. RfDs are determined after a thorough review and
assessment of all the available health effects data for a chemical. To calculate the RfD, the lowest
reliable NOAEL (No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level), or the highest dose at which no adverse
effect was observed in the test species, is determined from the dose-response curve for the
toxicant That value is then divided by a number of uncertainty factors that account for differences
between human and animal response, and the uncertainty in extrapolating from the dose-response
curve. Reference doses are expressed in units of mg of substance per kg body weight per day
(mg/kg/day).
RfD = NOAEL/UF
Reference doses are useful in quantitative risk assessment since they provide important
benchmarks against which to compare exposure. RfDs are not used to assess the carcinogenic
potential of a substance because cancer effects are thought to have no threshold. They provide
a means to qualitatively compare the overall noncarcinogenic hazard potential of substances: the
lower the RfD, the more toxic the chemical.
87
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
For more information, see the background document for IRIS, which provides short
descriptions of the toxicity values listed in the data base: U.S. EPA. 1987. Integrated
Risk Management System: Supportive Documentation. Volume 1. Office of Health
and Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development.
Cancer Potency
Cancer potency is the expression of the relationship between the tumorigenic response to
a carcinogen and the administered dose to the target or test organism. EPA expresses cancer
potency using unit risk factors. The unit risk factor translates the estimated cancer potency into
a probability of contracting cancer as a result of exposure to a unit dose of a carcinogen over a
lifetime (70 years). In general, the lower the cancer potency, the lower the unit risk factor.
Much of EPA's risk assessment is based on information gathered from animal studies in
which a group of animals is given a dose of a substance and its response to that dose is measured
and recorded. The doses and their corresponding responses are plotted on a graph, producing a
line called a dose-response curve. This provides a quantitative picture of the effect of a substance
at different doses. However, in order to see any changes in body chemistry or physiology, scientists
must often administer doses far greater than the dose to which any human may be exposed. To
relate the response at high doses to potential effects at low doses, scientists extrapolate, or extend
the dose-response curve, to the low end of the dose range, and attempt to predict the response.
Extrapolation is based on trends observed at high doses. Often mathematical models are used for
this purpose.
To determine the risk posed by carcinogenic substances, EPA uses an extrapolation model
called the linear multistage procedure. This model provides a basis for extrapolating from high
dose effects in the curve to the effects potentially posed by low doses. The unit risk factor is the
upper bound of the cancer potency of that chemical, obtained from the low dose-response curve
generated by the model. This numerical risk estimate is coupled with the EPA classification of the
qualitative weight of evidence to more fully characterize the carcinogenic risk of a substance. (See
page A-3 for a discussion of EPA weight-of-evidence categories.)
For more information, see the EPA Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment in
the Federal Register. September 24, 1986, p. 33992.
See also: U.S. EPA, National Air Toxics Clearinghouse. 1987. Qualitative and
Quantitative Carcinogen Risk Assessment. (EPA 450/5-87-003). The document
provides a comprehensive summary of the basic principles and assumptions
associated with carcinogen risk assessment, including a discussion of mathematical
modeling and the cancer potency factor.
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventoiy Data: EPA Region 10
Aquatic Water Quality Criteria (WQC)
Aquatic water quality criteria are estimates of the ambient concentration of a chemical in
surface waters (freshwater or marine waters) that will not cause adverse effects to the most
sensitive aquatic organisms. These concentrations are based on information concerning the toxicity
of the substance and its tendency to bioaccumulate. The numerical criteria address acute and
chronic aquatic life effects with two separate criteria concentrations: the Criterion Maximum
Concentration (CMC) protects against acute effects, while the Criterion Continuous Concentration
(CCC) protects against chronic effects. These concentrations are based on toxicity studies
conducted with at least three test organisms, one each representing fish, invertebrate, and plant
species. The CMC is a 1-hour maximum exposure, and the CCC gives the maximum average
concentration allowable over a 4-day period. Since these are average concentrations, the actual
concentration at any time may exceed the criteria; however, the average cannot be exceeded, and
the CMC and CCC cannot be exceeded more than once in three years. States should take site-
specific factors into account to establish a lower frequency for exceeding the criteria, such as the
occurrence of large spills or the importance of the indigenous species. States may also choose to
calculate their own criteria concentrations based on tests conducted at specific water bodies.
In addition to aquatic water quality criteria, EPA publishes water quality criteria for
protection of human health. These are estimates of ambient concentrations of chemicals that will
not cause toxicity to humans who drink water or consume fish from that site. For carcinogens, the
criteria provide estimates of the incremental cancer risk associated with a particular concentration
of the chemical in water. However, because a number of other indices are available to address
human health concerns, the human health water quality criteria are not included in this risk
screening procedure.
For more information, see the Federal Register. November 28, 1980, p. 79341.
Revisions are proposed in the Federal Register. February 7, 1984, p. 4553.
See also: U.S. EPA, Office of Water. Technical Support Document for Water
Quality-based Permitting for Toxic Pollutants. The document describes water quality
standards, human health hazard assessment, and exposure assessment.
89
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
Table B-l Table of Toricity Ranks for EPCRA §313 Chemicals
CHEMICAL NAME
Acetaldehyde
Acetamide
Acetamide, N-9H-fluoren-2-yl-
Acetone
Acetonitrile
2,4-D Acid
Acrolein
Acrylamide
Acrylic acid
Acrylonitrile
Aldrin
Allyl chlorid
Aluminum (fume or dust)
Aluminum oxide
2-Aminoanthraquinone
4-Aminoazobenzene
4-Aminobiphenyl
1 -Amino-2-methylanthraquinone
Ammonia
Ammonium nitrate (solution)
Ammonium sulfate (solution)
Aniline
o-Anisidine
p-Anisidine
o-Anisidine hydrochloride
Anthracene
Antimony
Arsenic
Asbestos
Barium
Benzal chloride
Benzamide
Benzenamine, 2-methyl-, hydrochloride
Benzenamine, 4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloro-
Benzenamine, N,N-dimethyl-4-phenylazo
Benzene
Benzene, 1,2-dichloro-
Benzene, 1,2-methylenedioxy-4-allyl-
Benzene, 1,3-dichloro-
Benzene, 1 ,4-dichloro-
Benzene, 1-methyI-2,4-dinitro-
Benzene, 1-methyl-2,6-dinitro-
Benzene, 1-methylethyl-
Benzene, chloro-
Benzene, dimethyl-
Benzene, hexachloro
Benzene, hexahydro-
Benzene, m-dlmethyl-
Benzene, methyl-
Benzene, o-dimethyl-
Benzene, pi-dlmethyl-
Benzene, pentachloronitro-
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid anhydride
CAS TPQ
Number
75070
60355
53963
67641
75058
94757
107028 2
79061 3*
79107
107131 3
309002 2*
107051
7429905
1344281
117793
60093
92671
82280
7664417 2
6484522
7783202
62533 3
90040
104949
134292
120127
7440360
7440382
1332214
7440393
98873 2
55210
636215
101144
60117
71432
95501
94597
541731
106467
121142
606202
98828
108907
1330207
118741
110827
108383
108883
95476
106423
82688
85449
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid,[bis(2-ethylhexyl)]ester 117817
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester
Benzidine
1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one,1,1-dioxide, and salts
p-Benzoquinone
Benzotrichloride
Benzoyl chloride
Benzoyl peroxide
Benzyl chloride
Beryllium
84662
92875
81072
106514
98077 1
98884
94360
100447 2
7440417
RQ RQ RFD RFD
Acute CTX Inhal Oral
3 ...
.
3 ...
2
3221
22 . .
1 ...
3 ...
3 ...
21 .
2 . .1
2 ...
. • • •
* • •
. * . .
.
• t • .
3223
. * . .
. . . .
2 ...
. . . •
• > • •
• > * •
1
1
1 . .
1 2
3 ...
i •
3 ...
. .
3 ...
32 .
3222
3 ...
2
322.
31 .
31 . .
3 ...
32 12
3 ...
31 .1
3 ...
* * « •
32 .
. .
. . • •
32 .
3 ...
3 ...
33 .
31 .1
• • .
3 ...
2 ...
. . .
.
2 ...
1
RQ IRIS
PC Care
.
.
1
t m
f t
. ,
. 1
t t
, .
1 1
1 1
t ,
,
t t
, .
.
.
. .
. ,
t f
,
.
.
. .
.
1 1
1 1
, .
, ,
1
1
1
1 1
. 1
1
. 1
. 1
1
1
.
, .
.
1 1
. .
. .
.
.
.
1
.
1
.
1 1
1
.
1
. .
.
1
1 1
RQ WQC
AqTx Acute
2
t t
, ,
3
3
1
1 1
, t
,
1 2
1 1
2
.
, .
, .
m m
, ,
, .
1
, .
.
2
. .
. .
.
. .
. 2
, .
. ,
,
, .
1 2
1
.
1
1
2
2
.
1
2
, ,
2
2
.
.
.
.
.
2
1 2
.
1
. ,
2
.
1
2 1
WQC
CTX
f
,
.
1
.
2
.
.
.
.
.
,
.
.
,
.
.
,
.
.
.
2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
•
1
90
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
CHEMICAL NAME
(1,V-BlphenylM,4l-dlamine.3.3l-dichloro-
(1 ,1 1-BiphenylM,4>-diamine.3.31-dimetrioxy-
(1,1>-Biphenyl)-4.4>-diamlne,3,3l.dimethyl-
Blphenyl
Bis(2-chlorolsopropyl) ether
Bis(2-«thylh0xyl) adipate
Bromoform
Butadiene
1-ButanamIne, N-butyl-N-nitroso-
1-Butanol
2-Butanone
Butyl acrylate
sec-Butyl alcohol
tert-Butyl alcohol
Butyl benzyl phthalate
1,2-Butylene oxide
Butyraldehyde
C.I. Acid Blue 9. dlammonium salt
C.I. Acid Blue 9, disodium salt
C.I. Acid Green 3
C.I. Basic Green 4
C.I. Basic Red 1
C.I. Direct Black 38
C.I. Direct Blue 6
C.I. Direct Brown 95
C.I. Disperse Yellow 3
C.I. Food Red 15
C.I. Food Red 5
C.I. Solvent Orange 7
C.I. Solvent Yellow 14
C.I. Solvent Yellow 3
C.I. Solvent Yellow 34 (Auramine)
C.I. Vat Yellow 4
Cadmium
Calcium cyanamide
Captan
Carbamic add, ethyl ester
Carbamide, N-ethyl-N-nitroso-
Carbamide, N-methyl-N-nitroso-
Carbamide, thio-
Carbamoyl chloride, dlmethyl-
Carbaryl
Carbon disulfide
Carbon tetrachloride
Carbonyl sulfide
Catechol
2-Chloroaeetophenone
Chloramben
Chlordane
Chlorinated Phenols
Chlorinated fluorocarbon (Freon 1 13)
Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloroacetic acid
Chloroethane
Chloroform
Chloromethyl ether
Chloromethyl methyl ether
Chloroprene
Chlorothalonil
Chromium
Cobalt
Copper
p-Cresidine
m-Cresol
o-Cresol
p-Cresol
Cresol($)
CAS TPQ
Number
91941
119904
119937
92524
108601
103231
75252
106990
924163
71363
78933
141322
78922
75650
85687
106887
123728
2650182
3844459
4680788
569642
989388
1937377
2602462
16071866
2832408
81889
3761533
3118976
842079
97563
492808
128665
7440439
156627
133062
51796
759739
684935
62566
79447
63252
75150 3
56235
463581
120809
532274
133904
57749 3
,
76131
7782505 1
10049044
79118 1 "
75003
67663 3
542881 1
107302 1
126998
1897456
7440473
7440484
7440508
120718
108394
95487 3*
106445
1319773
RQ RQ RFD RFD
Acute CTX Inhal Oral
3000
3000
3 ...
32 !
31 .2
3 ...
3 ...
32 . .
.
. . .2
.
.
.
.
• * » .
.
.
• • * •
• • t •
• • *
. . . .
.
3 .1
. . . •
32 . .
3 ...
3 ...
3 ...
3 ...
3 ...
3 ...
21 . .
31 .1
, . * • •
. . • •
.
. • •
2 . . 1
• •
•
2 ...
. . •
21 .1
3 ...
3 . .2
1 ...
21 .
.
.
.
. . * *
. 3
.
2
. 2
. 2
31 •
RQ IRIS RQ WQC WQC
PC Care AqTx Acute CTX
10 000
10 000
1 . ...
. 12..
1 . ...
'. '. 3 . '.
'. 1 1 ' '. '.
.
.
.
.
,
.
» * tt t
ii » • •
• • • t
1 . ...
• * • «
11 .1 1
. . . . »
1
1 . ...
1 . ...
1 . ...
1 . ...
1 . ...
1
3
11 23
.
.
.
. * ...
11 111
.
.
1 1 1
.
'. '. 3 .
11 232
1 . ...
11 3 .
.
.
.
.
1 1
•
.
.
.
1
91
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
CHEMICAL NAME
Cupferron
Decabromodiphenyl oxide
Di-n-propylnitrosamine
Diallate
2,4-Diaminoanisole
2,4-Diaminoanisole sulfate
4,4'-Diaminod!phenyl ether
Diaminotoluene
Diaminotoluene
Diazomethane
Dibenzofuran
1 ,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane
Dibutyl phthalate
Dichlorobenzene (mixed)
Dichlorobromomethane
1,2-Dichloroethane
Dichloroethyl ether
1,1-Dichloroethyiene
1 ,2-Dichloroethylene
2,4-Dichlorophenol
1 ,2-Dichloropropane
1 ,3-Dichloropropene
Dichlorvos
Dicofol"
Diepoxybutane
Diethanolamine
1,4-Diethylene dioxide
Diethyl sulfate
alpha.alpha-DimethyibenzylhydroperoxIde
Dimethylhydrazine
2,4-Dimethylphenol
Dimethyl phthalate
Dimethyl sulfate
Dinitrocresol
2,4-Dinitrophenol
1 ,2-Diphenylhydrazine
Dioctyl phthalate
Epichlorohydrin
Ethanamine, N-ethyl-N-nitroso-
Ethane, 1,1,1,2,2,2-hexachloro-
Ethane, 1 ,1 ,1-trich!oro-2,2-bis(p-methoxyphenyl)-
Ethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-
Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-
Ethane, 1,2-dibromo-
Ethanethioamide
Ethenamine, N-methyl-N-nitroso-
Ethene, 1.1,2,2-tetrachloro-
2-Ethoxyethanol
Ethyl 4,4'-dlchlorobenzilate
Ethyl acrylate
Ethyl chloroformate
Bhyl benzene
Ethylene
Ethylene glycol
Ethylene oxide
Ethyleneimine
Ethylenethlourea
Fluometuron
Formaldehyde
2,5-Furandione
Glycol Ethers
Heptachlor
Hexachloro-1 ,3-butadlene
Hexachlorocydopentadiene
Hexachloronaphthalene
Hexamethylphosphoramide
Hydrazine
Hydrazine sulfate
CAS
Number
135206
1163195
621647
2303164
615054
39156417
101804
95807
25376458
334883
132649
96128
84742
25321226
75274
107062
111444
75354
540590
120832
78875
542756
62737
115322
1464535
111422
123911
64675
80159
57147
105679
131113
77781
534521
51285
122667
117840
106898
55185
67721
72435
79345
79005
106934
62555
4549400
127184
110805
510156
140885
541413
100414
74851
107211
75218
151564
96457
2164172
50000
108316
.
76448
87683
77474
1335871
680319
302012
10034932
TPQ
3
3
2
3
2
1 *
3
3
2
2
1
3
RQ RQ RFD RFD
Acute CTX Inhal Oral
. .
3 ...
3 ...
.
. . * *
3 ...
3 ...
. . . .
.
2 ' '. '.
32 .
2
3 ...
32 .
2 ...
22 .1
4 » * •
32 .1
3 ...
31 . .
2 ...
3 ...
2 ...
• • * »
3 ...
* • • •
2 ...
2 ...
3 ...
3 ...
1 ...
11 . .
21 . .
31 . .
. • .
21 . .
3 ...
32 .1
3.22
32 . .
3 . .1
2 ...
. • • *
2 ...
32 .
3222
3 ...
3 ...
.
33 .2
.
3
2 ...
1 ...
.
. . . .
21 . .
3 ...
.
2 . .1
22 .1
31 11
.
.
.
.
RQ IRIS
PC Care
.
1
1
t f
, .
1
1
, ,
.
1
, .
, .
< t
1 1
1
1 1
t t
. .
. 1
. .
.
, .
1
1
. .
. .
1
. .
.
1
. .
. .
1 1
.
1
1
1
.
1 1
1 1
1
1
1
1
.
1
.
.
.
.
1
1
1
, .
1
.
.
1 1
1 1
.
.
.
1
•
RQ WQC
AqTx Acute
.
.
, .
( t
. .
. .
. ,
t i
. ,
f €
. .
1
1 2
, ,
3 1
3
3
, ,
1 2
3
1
1
1
.
.
3
. *
. .
.
1 2
.
2
1
1
1 1
. .
2
.
1 1
1
1
2
2
3
.
2
3
.
3
.
2 3
.
.
2
.
3
.
2
3
.
1 1
1 1
1 1
.
.
•
•
WQC
CTX
.
.
.
.
.
.
,
,
t
t
,
1
3
,
.
,
1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
.
2
2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1
1
1
.
•
•
•
92
-------
Analysis of the Toxics Release Inventory Data: EPA Region 10
CHEMICAL NAME
Hydrochloric add (Hydrogen chloride (gas only)
Hydrocyanic add
Hydrogen fluoride
Hydroquinone
Isobutyraldehyde
Isopropyl alcohol (mfg.-strong acid processes)
4,4'-(sopropylidenediphenol
Lead
Undane
Maneb
Manganese
Mechlorethamine
Melamine
Mercury
Methane, chloro
Methane, dibromo-
Methane, dlchloro-
Methane, lodo-
Methanol
2-Methoxyethanol
Methyl acrylate
Methyl bromide
Methyl chloroform
Methyl Isobutyl ketone
Methyl isocyanate
Methyl methacrylate
Methyl tort-butyl ether
Methytene bis(phenylisocyanate) (MBI)
4,4'-Methylene bl8(N,N-dlmethyl) benzenamine
4,4'-Methylene dianiline
Methylhydrazine
Michler's ketone
Molybdenum trioxide
Mustard gas
N,N-Dimethylaniline
N-Nitrosodiphenyiamlrte
N-Nitrosomorpholine
N-Nitrosonomicotine
N-Nitrosopiperidine
Naphthalene
1-Naphthylamine
2-Naphthylamlne
Nickel
Nitric acid
Nitrilotriacetic add
5-Nitro-o-anisldlne
Nitrobenzene
4-Nitrobiphenyl
Nitrofen
Nitroglycerine
c-Nitrophenol
p-Nitrophenol
2-Nitropropane
Nitrosodimethylamine
p-Nitrosodiphenylamine
Octachloronaphthalene
Osmium tetroxlde
1,2-Oxathiolane, 2,2-dioxide
Parathion
Pentachlorophenol
Peracetio add
Phenol
Phenol, 2,4,5-trichloro-
Phenol, 2,4,6-triehloro
p-Phenylenediamine
2-Phenylphenol
Phosgene
Phosphoric add
CAS TPQ
Number
7647010 2
74908 1
7664393 1
123319 2 «
78842
67630
80057
7439921
58899 3*
12427382
7439965
51752 1
108781
7439976
74873
74953
75092
74884
67561
109864
96333
74839 3
71556
108101
624839 2
80626
1634044
101688
101611
101779
60344 2
90948
1313275
505602 2
121697
86306
59892
16543558
100754
91203
134327
91598
7440020
7697372 3
139139
99592
98953 3
92933
1836755
55630
88755
100027
79469
62759 3
156105
2234131
20816120
1120714
56382 1
87865
79210 2
108952 2*
95954
88062
106503
90437
75445 1
7664382
RQ RQ RFO RFD
Acute CTX Inhal Oral
3 ...
1 ...
21 . .
32 .2
• •
.
3 . '. '.
2.11
1 2
1 ...
« •
1 . . l'
32 .
2 ...
32 .2
3 ...
3 ...
1 1
• • «
2 ...
32 .
3.22
1 ...
32 .
* > . .
. . . .
» . .
. * . .
2 ...
• » * .
. .
11 . .
. . .
3 ...
.
. . , ,
3 ...
3 . .2
3 ...
3 ...
11 .2
2 ...
. . . •
3 '. l" 1
.
.
.
3 ...
3 ...
2 ...
2 ...
.
.
2 ...
3 ...
11 .1
12 .2
2 ...
32 .2
32 .
3 ...
.
.
1 ...
3 ...
RQ IRIS RQ WQC WQC
PC Care AqTx Acute CTX
3
1
3
.
.
.
. 1 .11
11 111
.
1 . '. '.
,
1 1 1
11 3 . .
3
3
1 . ...
3
. . ...
. * i * •
3
2
. ...
. . ...
3
. * ...
.
, , ...
, . ...
. . ...
* * ...
. ...
1 . ...
.
. 11..
.
. ...
1 . ...
1 2 1
1
1.1..
11 .21
2
'. '. 23 '.
.
.
.
1
1
1 . ...
1 . ...
.
.
.
1 . ...
1 111
1 1 1
.
232
1
1.1.1
•
•
.
93
-------
Analysis of the Tories Release Inventory Data; EPA Region 10
CHEMICAL NAME
CAS TPQ RQ RQ RFD RFD RQ IRIS RQ WQC WQC
Number Acute CTX Inhal Oral PC Care AqTx Acute CTX
Phosphorus 7723140 1
Picric add 88891
Polybrominated Biphenyls (PBBs)
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) 1336363
1-Propanol, 2,3-dibromo-, phosphate (3:1) 126727
Propiolactone, beta- 57578 2
Propionaldehyde 123386
Propoxur 114261
Propylene (Propene) 115071
Propylene oxide 75569 3
Propyleneimine 75558 3
Pseudocumene 95636
Pyridine 110861
Quinoline 91225
Selenium 7782492
Silver 7440224
Sodium hydroxide 1310732
Sodium sulfate (solution) 7757826
Styrene 100425
Styrene oxide 96093
Sulfuric acid 7664939 3
Terephthalic acid 100210
Tetrachlorvinphos 961115
Thallium 7440280
4,4'-Thiodianiline 139651
Thorium dioxide 1314201
Titanium tetrachloride 7550450 1
Toluene 2,4-dilsocyanate 584849 2
Toluene 2,6-dlisocyanate 91087 1
0-Toluid!ne 95534
Toxaphene (Campheehlor) 8001352 2 *
Triaziquone 68768
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 120821
Trichloroethylene 79016
Trichlorophon 52686
Trifluralln 1582098
Vanadium (fume or dust) 7440622
Vinyl acetate monomer 108054 3
Vinyl bromide 593602
Vinyl chloride (monomer) 75014
2,6-Xylidine 87627
Zinc 7440666
Zineb 12122677
3
1
3
2
3
3
1
3
3
3
2
1
1
3
2
3
3
3
1 1
1
1
1 1
3
2
2
2
2
1
1 1
2
2
1
2
2
1 2
1 1
1
2
2
2
3'
1
3
1
3
2
1 1
94
------- |