Toxics Release Inventory &
Emission Reductions 1987*1990
in the Lower Mississippi River
Industrial Corridor
^ w ^p ^IJ^W ^HSP ^91^ ^V ^ y s^P^^ ^^1^^ ^^^?' ^ ^ ^ ^^P^ ^^^F ^
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics
May 14, 1993
-------
This briefing was prepared at the request of the U.S. EPA Office of Air and Radiation
(OAR). Its primary purpose is to compile data on air toxics emission sources reporting under
the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) in the Lower Mississippi River Industrial Corridor. OAR
also requested that available information on emissions reduction programs, population
characteristics, and related environmental equity issues reported about this geographic area
be included.
This summary provides an introduction to issues involving toxic chemical emissions,
reduction programs, and related topics, with a specific focus on air releases. It is an example
of a type of data summary which could be compiled about many other areas of the U.S. where
aggregations of industries report under TRI. In other areas, different environmental media
may be of primary interest, this summary also shows how TRI and other data can be
combined with the 1990 Census of Population using the analysis and display capabilities of a
geographic information system (GIS). These analyses can be a significant addition to data
compiled from various primary and secondary sources, such as EPA and State reports, books
and the media.
Susan Hazen, Director
Environmental Assistance Division
Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics
May ^^R3 Draft
-------
The briefing includes summaries of Toxics Release Inventory (TRI)
data for several sets of chemicals in three geographic levels.
Special attention is focused on air releases, on the contribution of
the chemical industry to emissions levels, and on voluntary or
regulatory efforts likely to reduce emissions.
- TRI and 33/50 Program Overview and U.S. Data Summary
f
- Louisiana State Characterization
- Lower Mississippi River Industrial Corridor Characterization
- Equity Issues and Demographic Data
- Impact of Reduction Efforts
- Conclusions
May K 1993* Draft Pu(Je
-------
TRI Program Overview
The TRI includes annual reports of releases and transfers
("emissions") of over 300 chemicals and chemical categories
Data are reported by manufacturing facilities meeting certain
size and volume of chemical manufacturing or use thresholds
While not including all chemicals and facilities of interest, TRI
is the most comprehensive set of emissions data available
TRI data are mandated by statute to be publicly available
Since the program's inception, many agencies, industries and
citizen groups have used TRI to set priorities for toxic chemical
reductions
993-Draft
-------
U.S. TRI Emissions Over Time
TRI Releases/Transfers Over Time
8
7
«? 6
o
= 5
Z
? 3
I 2
1
0
r"|Non-Air Releases/
Transfers
1987
1988 1989
Year
1990
TRI Releases/Transfers 1990 by Chemical Groups
QjNon-Air Releases/
Transfers
Air Releases
All
Chemicals
HAPs* 33/50
Chemical Group
Carcinogens
1990 Data
Chemical Classes
All
HAPs*
33/50
Carcinogens'
lot Chemicals
322
173
17
125
Releases and Transfers
4.830,980.821
2.707.575.101
1.180,341,451
423.908,730
% from Chemical Industry
44
36
17
36
Total Air Releases
2,200.561.441
1.602,415.493
899.618.000
280,447,829
% Air Releases
46
59
76
66
* Clean Air Act Amendments Hazardous Air Pollutants
da minimus list plus Tnchloroethylene
About 46% of total TRI emissions are air releases (2.2 billion Ibs. in 1990)
The chemical industry (SIC 28) contributed 44% of total TRI emissions, and 32%
of air releases in 1990
May 14,1993-Draft
-------
33/50 Program Overview
Voluntary TRI release reduction program established in 1991;
seeks 50% reduction in total TRI emissions across 17 toxic
chemicals and categories by 1995, with an interim goal of 33%
reduction by 1992
1988 TRI data are used as a baseline; success is evaluated by
annual TRI reporting and a review of reduction methods
The program asks parent companies to achieve reductions using a
company-specified mix of facilities, chemicals and media; EPA
Regional offices have also sought reduction from geographic
groupings of facilities
74% of U.S. total emissions of 33/50 chemicals are air releases
from fugitive or point sources
19% of U.S. total 33/50 emissions are from the chemical industry
May 14^^A> Draft
-------
33/50 Program Chemicals
33/50 Program focuses on 17 chemicals and categories that
were targeted for their health and environmental risks, and
because of significant opportunities for emissions reduction
Chemicals and categories of concern:
benzene methyl ethyl ketone
cadmium & compounds methyl isobutyl ketone
carbon tetrachloride nickel & compounds
chloroform tetrachloroethylene
chromium & compounds toluene
cyanide & compounds 1,1,1-trichloroethane
dichloromethane trichloroethylene
lead & compounds xylenes
mercury & compounds
May 14.1993-Draft
-------
U.S. "FRI Releases and Transfers
of 33/50 Chemicals
33/50 National Releases and Transfers
1600 r
D
Non-Air Releases/
Transfers
Air Releases
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
Goal
1993
1994
1995
Goal
Total TRI emission of 33/50 chemicals declined 19.5% between 1988 and 1990.
Total TRI air releases of33/50s declined 16.4% between 1988 and 1990.
May
Draft
-------
33/50 Program Commitment Status
Commitments are made by parent company and relate to total
releases and transfers for parent company
Companies with TRI facilities in more than one EPA Region
are contacted by Headquarters, while single-Region parent
companies are targeted by their respective Regions
Of about 7664 parent companies eligible for the 33/50
program, 1135 (15%) have committed to reducing at least 449
million Ibs. by 1995
Nationally, 61% of 33/50 emissions are associated with
committed parent companies
May 14. 1993 Draft Pauu' y
-------
Selected Louisiana Characteristics
State population in 1990 was 4.2 million, 21st largest in the U.S.*
68% of the state's population lived in urban areas and 32% in rural ones,
a figure slightly larger than the U.S. average of 25%*
Louisiana's 1990 cancer death rate of 186 per 100,000 population ranked
the state as the 5th highest in the nation in cancer death rate*
Louisiana's 1989 infant mortality rate was 11.3 per 1000 live births, which
placed Louisiana 6th highest in the nation in cancer death rate*
25.7% of the non-elderly population in Louisiana did not have health
insurance in 1988*
Sources: * U.S. Bureau of the Census
' 1992 Green Index
Draft
10
-------
Louisiana TRI Profile
In 1990, Louisiana was ranked first in the U.S. in total releases of TRI
chemicals, with 427.4 million Ibs., and second if releases and off-site
transfers are combined (443.0 million Ibs.) after Texas (535.7 million Ibs.)
1990 water releases were 101.0 million Ibs., ranking first in the U.S.
1990 underground injection releases were 218.6 million Ibs., ranked
second after Texas (240.0 million Ibs.)
Louisiana total air releases in 1990 were 106.3 million Ibs., ranking the
state 6th in the U.S.
State TRI total releases declined 48.5% between 1987 and 1990, and its
total air releases declined 27.6%
Source: 1990 Toxics Release Inventory Public Data Release. EPA 700-S-92-002.
May 1992; Updated September 1992.
May 14. 1993'Draft Pi"jc' "
-------
TRI Emissions to Environment -1990
Air
(45.6%)
2200
Underground
Injection
(15.0%)
725
Surface
Water
(4.1%)
197
Releases to
Land
(9.1%)
441
United States
Total Emissions:
4,826M
Off-Site
Transfers
(16.9%)
815
POTWs
(9.3%)
448
Air
(24.0%)
106.
Surface
Water
(22.8%)
101.0
All quantities given in
millions of pounds
Releases to
Land
(.34%) POTWs
1.5 (.01%)
.05
Underground
Injection
(49.3%)
218.6
Off-Site Transfers
(3.5%)
15.5
Louisiana
Total Emissions:
443M
May
i3 Draft
-------
Louisiana Air Toxics Profile
In 1989, the Louisiana Clean Air Act 184 was passed requiring
companies to reduce emissions of priority toxic air pollutants 50% by
1996, based on 1987 levels; regulations were promulgated in late 1991
A list of 96 priority air toxics was developed in 1991, based on emissions;
health effects, exposure, and environmental accumulation
24% of Louisiana's total TRI emissions were air releases
In its comparative risk report, Louisiana rated air toxics as the first priority
environmental problem in 1991 +
Between 1987 and 1990, Louisiana TRI facilities' air releases changed:
- All TRI Chemicals -28% - 33/50 Chemicals* -23%
-Carcinogens -9% -HAPs* -19%
Source: * LEAP to 2000: Lousiana Environmental Action Plan. June, 1991.
' 1988 is base year for 33/50 Program; 1988-90 reduction was 26%.
Clean Air Act Amendments Hazardous Air Pollutants
May 14, 1993* Draft Payo Ki
-------
Louisiana TRI Air Releases
United Slates 1987
1986
1989
1990
Louisiana 1987
1988
1989
1990
Industrial Corridor 1987
1988
1989
1990
All TRI Chemicals
AjrR**tt
2.709.439.712
2.631.938.926
2.553.313.314
2.200.561.441
146,401.819
132,701.661
134,730,417
105,927.761
106,927,284
100.517.814
92.304.519
68.394.340
% Change from
1987
-
-3
-6
-19
-
-9
-8
-28
-
-6
-14
-36
1988
-
-
-3
-16
-
-
2
-20
-
-
-8
-32
33/50 Chemicals
Air B«laft«M
HIT nwwiav*
1.101.273.317
1.075.621.783
1,034.417.103
899.618.000
18.118.971
18.818.807
14.901.500
13.920.655
8,558.498
10,695,436
7,623,172
6,098,684
% Change from
1987
-
-2
-6
-18
-
4
-18
-23
-
25
-11
-29
1988
-
-
-4
-16
-
-
-21
-26
-
-
-29
-43
Carcinogens
Air Releases
376,339.126
351,838,594
329.475,768
280,447.829
10,233,537
9.391.474
11.829.832
9.291,674
6.133,314
5.866.964
5,163,104
3.870.010
% Change from
1987
-
-7
-12
-25
-
-8
16
-9
_
-4
-16
-37
1988
-
-
-6
-20
-
26
-1
_
-
-12
-34
HAPs*
Air Releases
1.904.439.984
1,885.065.787
1.780,729,068
1,602.415.493
51,801.074
46.582.622
46.546.121
42.201.976
26.388.892
26.103,734
22,750.805
19,332,157
% Change from
1987
-
-1
-6
-16
-
-10
-10
-19
-
-1
-14
-27
1988
-
-
-6
-15
-
-
0
-9
-
-
-13
-26
Clean Air Act Amendments Hazardous Air Pollutants
Louisiana's and the Industrial Corridor's air releases of 33/50 chemicals declined 26%
and 43% respectively, between 1988 and 1990, much faster than the U.S. rate of 16%
May 1
Draft
:i 1-1
-------
Louisiana Chemical Industry
**»'
Louisiana ranks third among states producing chemicals in terms of
dollar value of chemical shipments, after Texas and New Jersey
Louisiana's chemical industry is the largest single manufacturing
employer in the state
The chemical industry represents 41.2% of all value added to products in
Louisiana's manufacturing facilities
Chemical industry contributes 89% of total TRI releases and transfers in
Louisiana and 80.4% of the state's total air releases
Source: Press reports in New Orleans Times-Picayune
May 14.1993-Draft Pa(Je lb
-------
Lower Mississippi River Industrial
Corridor Description
Area spans approximately 80 miles along the Mississippi River from
Baton Rouge to below New Orleans
The Industrial Corridor includes a large concentration of chemical and
petroleum refining facilities, with a total of 88 facilities out of 154
manufacturing facilities reporting TR| emissions in 1990
The Industrial Corridor contains portions of the following parishes
(counties):
Ascension
East Baton Rouge
Iberville
Jefferson
Orleans
Plaquemines
Saint Charles
Saint James
Saint John the Baptist
West Baton Rouge
May
i3 Draft
ige 16
-------
Lower Mississippi River Industrial
Corridor Characteristics
Total population in the 10 parishes was 1,562,918 in 1990, 37% of the state
total; 41% were racial minorities, compared to 33% in the state
Six parishes were in the top 10th percentile of the U.S. for total emissions of
TRI chemicals in 1990; three were among the top 10 counties in the U.S.
(Jefferson, Ascension, and St. James)
Total 1990 TRI air releases in Ascension Parish (31 million Ibs.) were higher
than those in 27 states
1990 air releases in the industrial corridor account for 18.2% of all 1990 TRI
emissions
1990 33/50 emissions account for 2.5% of the total emissions in the industrial
corridor as opposed to 24.4% for the U.S. In the corridor, 33/50 air releases
account for 64.5% of the 33/50 emissions and 8.9% of total air releases, as
compared to 76.2% and 40.9% for the U.S.
Between 1987-90, facilities' air releases in the corridor changed:
- all TRI chemicals -36% - 33/50 Chemicals -29%'
- Carcinogens -37% -HAPs+ -27%
Clean Air Act Amendments Hazardous Air Pollutants
' 1988-90 reduction ol 33/50 chemicals was 43%.
May 14.1993-Draft Page)/
-------
Lower Mississippi River
Industrial Corridor Air Releases
Parishes Ranked by Total 1990 TRI Air Releases
Parish Name
Ascension
Saint James
East Baton Rouge
Iberville
Saint Charles
Jefferson
West Baton Rouge
Orleans
Plaquemines
Saint John the Baptist
Study Area (10 Parishes)
Louisiana Total
All TRI Chemicals
1900 Pounds * of State Total
30.211,503
15.258,055
9.237.842
4.075.523
3,585.977
1,889,764
1,524,947
1.195,295
818,960
596.474
68,394.340
105.927.761
29%
14%
9%
4%
3%
2%
1%
1%
1%
1%
65%
33/50 Chemicals
1990 Pounds % of State Total
792.141
137.378
1,465,954
1.097.747
467.155
995.535
14,654
353,515
659.267
115,338
6,098,684
13.920.655
6%
1%
11%
8%
3%
7%
0%
3%
5%
1%
44%
Carcinogens
1990 Pounds % of State Total
776,815
99,853
933,513
893,605
506,642
141.399
23,586
236.484
221.551
36.542
3.869,990
9.291.674
8%
1%
10%
10%
5%
2%
0%
3%
2%
0%
42%
HAPs*
1990 Pounds % of State Total
4.210.911
398.131
6.054.179
2,876.722
1.282.933
1,359,866
1,284,342
651.074
714.674
499.325
19.332.157
42.201.976
10%
1%
14%
7%
3%
3%
3%
2%
2%
1%
46%
Chemical Industry Contribution
Industrial Corridor
Louisiana Total
All TRI Chemicals
90%
, 80%
33/50 Chemicals
45%
33%
Carcinogens
69%
48%
MAPS'
76%
62%
* Clean Air Act Amendments Hazardous Air Pollutants
Note: TRI data for individual parishes and facilities were derived from
EPA's Toxics Release Inventory System as of May 20.1992
393 Draft
lit
-------
in
33/50 Emitters
Corridor
Ranked by Total 1990 Air Releases
Facility Name
FREEPORT MCMORAN RESOURCE AGRICO CHEM. CO. DIV.
TRIAD CHEMICAL
CF INDUSTRIES INC.
EXXON CHEMICAL BATON ROUGE CHEMICAL PLANT
SHELL CHEMICAL CO. GEISMAR PLANT
DOW CHEMICAL CO. LOUISIANA DIV.
SHELL OIL CO. NORCO MFG. COMPLEX EAST
EXXON CHEMICAL CO. BATON ROUGE PLASTICS PLANT
BORDEN CHEMICAL & PLASTICS
ARCADIAN CORP.
SID RICHARDSON CARBON & GASOLINE CO.
GEORGIA-PACIFIC CORP. PORT HUDSON
EXXON BATON ROUGE REFINERY
BASF CORP.
ALLIED-SIGNAL INC. BATON ROUGE SOUTH
BPOILCO.
GEORGIA GULF CORP.
AGRICO CHEMICAL CO. DIV. OF FREEPORT MCMORAN
AIR PRODUCTS 4 CHEMICALS INC. (NEW ORLEANS FACILITY)
CIBA-GEIGYCORP.
SHELL OIL CO. NORCO MFG. COMPLEX - WEST
AMERICAN CYANAMID CO. FORTIER PLANT
VULCAN MATERIALS CO. CHEMICALS DIV. GEISMAR FACILITY
UNION CARBIDE INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS
LE CHEM INC.
RUBICON INC. GEISMAR SITE
DU PONT PONTCHARTRAIN WORKS
AGRICO CHEMICAL CO. TAFT PLANT
UNIROYAL CHEMICAL CO. INC.
UNION TX PRODUCTS CORP. GEISMAR ETHYLENE PLANT
Total
Air Rank
i
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
to
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Total
Air Release*
14,211,310
11,302,774
10,769,954
3.717.187
2.074.036
1,947.392
1.631.932
1,619.527
1,595,125
1,546.505
1,245.735
1.043.155
955,392
927.920
778,062
776.900
766,274
703,717
691,043
628,506
594,860
582,489
570.953
486.465
416,222
411.442
397.178
392,255
371,718
361,560
33/50 ReU
Trans. Rank*
77
77
77
8
33
6
5
62
37
77
77
10
2
9
47
3
60
77
77
4
24
29
7
44
77
16
20
77
1
21
33/50
Air Releases
0
0
0
351.600
0
391.715
351.000
2,548
15,067
0
0
274.800
690.666
66.080
20,019
636.805
3,163
0
0
598.192
79,500
38,390
377.110
22,919
0
52.916
44.326
0
187.568
93,400
Carcinogens
Air Releases
1,000
500
1,249
252.351
145.000
546,805
296.160
0
74.988
0
0
274.800
67.499
52.014
20,019
221.540
124,398
0
0
5.997
50,900
45,976
324,203
78,413
0
38,118
20,627
0
47,803
92.960
HAPs
Air Releases
74.255
90,739
136,999
2,540.041
978,976
1,004,552
618.602
453.464
676.064
97,505
1,245.735
930.100
770,779
743.417
481,436
692.585
590,684
255
283.059
606.246
317,820
236,939
557.744
206,168
404,222
353.325
357.377
0
270,288
124,560
33/50 Total
ReIJTrans.
0
0
0
377,077
43,277
414.023
476,953
2,576
30,232
0
0
275,050
706.448
302,958
20,487
670.731
3,900 .
0
0
610.604
79.500
52,560
402.272
22,919
0
117.747
97.398
0
2,356.180
93.685
Total Releases/
Transfers
56.538.815
11.777.898
11.759,589
3,987,042
2.126.937
2,440.708
3.862,895
1,646,025
5.804.405
15,984.770
1.245.735
1,061,505
1.041,679
2.384.462
956,367
1,057;018
813,935
36,155.967
724,858
883,515
705.444
162,040.814
664,962
526.136
2.031.114
4,411.189
1.700.086
IJ 73,555
9,557.184
361.855
'The 25 facilities with the highest 33/50 air releases are highlighted in grey and shown on the "Lower Mississippi River Industrial Corridor" Map.
May 14, 1993'Draft
Page I(J
-------
Largest 33/50 Emitters
in Industrial Corridor (cont.)
Ranked by Total 1990 Air Releases
Facility Name
AVONDALE INDUSTRIES SHIPYARD DIV.
COSMAR CO.
ASHLAND CHEMICAL INC.
MONSANTO CO.
MICHOUD ASSEMBLY FACILITY
COPOLYMER RUBBER & CHEMICAL CORP.
COPOLYMER RUBBER & CHEMICAL CORP.
AMPRO FERTILIZER INC.
ATLAS STEEL & WIRE CORP.
UNION CARBIDE CORP. STAR PLANT
CHEVRON CHEMICAL CO.
STAR ENTERPRISE
SIGMA COATINGS
MARATHON OIL CO. LOUISIANA REFINING DIV.
FORMOSA PLASTICS CORP. LA.
CONTAINER PRODUCTS INC. NEW ORLEANS (LA) PLANT
EVANS COOPERAGE CO. INC.
GULF WIRE CORP.
ETHYL PROCESS DEVELOPMENT CENTER
JEFFERSON FIBERGLASS CO. INC.
EVANS CONTAINER CORP.
CELOTEXCORP.
SCHUYLKILL METALS CORP.
Total
Air Rank
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
62
90
Total
Air Releases
360,300
316,579
273,260
270,562
246.396
239.657
214.351
197,206
195,270
167,498
151,381
141.484
128.475
1 16,657
115,983
103.441
101.227
100.610
94,465
86.072
81.598
72.751
7.218
33/50 ReU
Trans. Rank*
11
23
70
77
13
61
77
77
12
73
26
28
17
27
69
14
. 22
19
18
77
31
25
15
33/50
Air Releases
266.000
74.569
0
0
178.590
3.500
0
0
195,270
22
65,199
57,578
109,274
36.005
106
103.441
89,349
100.610
78.000
0
47,604
72,751
7.218
Carcinogens
Air Releases
1,300
163,815
0
12,600
169,252
0
199.155
0
12,350
68,535
76,560
5.264
0
9,387
59,340
0
505
67,232
32,455
69.780
5,081
0
0
HAPs
Air Releases
269,300
315.017
273,010
47,362
179.090
4.074
199,155
166,544
195.270
69,638
151,278
132,714
120.476
101,122
111.259
103.441
90.620
100.610
93,705
69,780
52,675
72.761
0
33/50 Total
RelTTrans.
268,000
82.269
250
0
191,368
3,750
0
0
195.270
22
67,885
60,275
112.441
60,298
377
175.470
89.349
101.110
108,500
0
47.604
72.751
142.258
Total Releases/
Transfers
360,300
338.097
277.560
5,675,501
276,734
241.380
217,775
231,954
214.170
195,165
i 158.403
8,912,001
159.600
179,063
148,874
175.470
301,494
101.110
155,165
86.072
81.598
72,751
236,734
'The 25 facilities with the highest 33/50 air releases are highlighted in grey and shown on the "Lower Mississippi River Industrial Corridor Map.
Draft
20
-------
Comparison of
Population Characteristics
United States Louisiana
D White Black
-31
1
4
Industrial Corridor
Other*
Other: U.S. Bureau of Census Categories: "American Indian," "Asian and Pacific Islanders." and "Other"
Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census
May 14, 1993-Draft
P.-iye
-------
Comparison of
Population Characteristics
Parish
Ascension
East Baton Rouge
Iberville
Jefferson
Orleans
Plaquemines
Saint Charles
Saint James
Saint John the Baptist
West Baton Rouge
* ; f'
Median
Income
D White $27K
$27K
Other
Black
$20K
$28K
$18K
$24K
$32K
$23K
$29K
$25K
200 300
Total Population
(in thousands)
400
500
U.S. Median Income
$30,000
Median Income in 9 out of 10 Industrial Corridor Parishes was Below the U.S. Level
3 Draft
ige
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Comparison of Population
Below Poverty Line
'!.'/' '" ' W
r
United States
Louisiana
Industrial Corridor
Orleans Parish/New Orleans
0
Source:
5 10 15 20 25 30 35
% Below Poverty Line
US. Bureau of the Census
In 1989, Louisiana was
ranked 2nd among
states for the
percentage of people
below the poverty line
May 14, 1993 Draft
Payu
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Lower Mississippi River
Industrial Corridor Demographics
Parish Name
Orleans
Jefferson
East Baton Rouge
Ascension
Saint Charles
Saint John the Baptist
Ibervilfe
Plaquemines
Saint James
West Baton Rouge
Industrial Corridor
Louisiana Total
National
Population Characteristics
1990 Population
. ~i
496,938
448,306
380.105
58,214
42,437
39,996
31,049
25,575
20,879
19,419
1,562,918
4,219.973
248.709.873
%Race
White
35%
78%
63%
76%
75%
63%
53%
72%
50%
63%
59%
67%
80%
Black
62%
18%
35%
23%
24%
36%
46%
23%
50%
36%
38%
31%
12%
Other
3%
4%
2%
1%
1%
1%
0%
4%
0%
0%
3%
2%
8%
%
Non-White
65%
22%
37%
24%
25%
37%
47%
28%
50%
37%
41%
33%
20%
% Hispanic
3%
6%
2%
2%
3%
2%
2%
2%
1%
1%
3%
2%
9%
Median Income
$18,477
$27.916
$27.224
$27,435
$31.777
$29.035
$20.371
$24.076
$23.105
$24,852
$26,038
$21,949
$30,056
% Below
Poverty Line
32%
14%
20%
18%
15%
18%
28%
23%
26%
20%
22%
24%
13%
'Other: U.S. Bureau of Census Categories: "American Indian," "Asian and Pacific Islanders," and "Other"
May
3 Draft
Jt!
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Industrial Corridor Environmental
Equity Issues
Many of the facilities emitting large amounts of TRI chemicals are located
in areas with predominantly minority populations
Populations within two miles of facilities releasing 90% of total industrial
corridor air releases feature a higher proportion of minorities than the state
average; facilities releasing 88% have a higher proportion than the
Industrial Corridor parishes' average*
Although no connection between TRI emissions and health risks has been
clearly demonstrated, numerous studies and media reports have
highlighted the potential for significant risks to these populations from
chemical releases
Several historically black rural communities have been bought out by
chemical or petroleum refining facilities as plant buffers
The State of Louisiana has funded an environmental equity study with
LSU to aid in environmental policy development; recommendations from
the study are expected in the summer of 1993
Source: ' OPPT GIS analysis using emitter locations and demographic data
May 14. 1993 -Draft Page .?:>
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Impact of Federal and Industry
Reduction Initiatives
Federal
- Louisiana ranks 3rd in the U.S. for percent of 33/50 emissions associated
with committed parent companies (86%) after Montana and Delaware
- Many of the Industrial Corridor facilities will be affected by the Hazardous
Organic NESHAPs* rule
Industry
- Several large plants are voluntarily decreasing emissions through internal
efforts
- The Louisiana chemical industry has focused attention of its members on
achieving voluntary reductions through various practices.
'National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
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State Reduction Initiatives
t,. t < ,t
The Louisiana Clean Air Act 184 mandates faster reductions than the federal
Clean Air Act; major sources (those releasing 20,000 Ib./yr of any single
chemical, or 50,000 Ib. of a combination) must implement Maximum
Achievable Control Technology by 1996
In 1991, the state created the Corporate Response Challenge Program with
the top 10 facilities releasing TRI chemicals to air, water, and underground
- The 30 participants in this voluntary program are projected by the state to
achieve at least a 75% decline in multimedia aggregate emissions (from
1987) by the end of 1995
- Data released in 1992 show that participants' air releases declined 27.2%
between 1987 and 1990
- The program's goal is to achieve a 50% reduction in air toxics by the end
of 1996
May 14,1993 Draft pa'Ju
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33/50 Company Commitments and
Emissions Reductions
t
33/50 Industrial Corridor Releases/Transfers
40.3%
CO
O
co
o
O
0.
33%
Non-Air Releases/
Transfers
Air Releases
50%
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
Goal
1993
1994
1995
Goal
Industrial Corridor facilities reduced 33/50 chemical emissions by 40% from 1988-1990,
compared to the U.S. rate of 24%, with air releases declining 43% compared to the U.S.
16%; this exceeds the 33/50 1992 goal of 33% reduction
Industrial Corridor has 52% 33/50 emitter parent company commitment rate, compared to
15% for the U.S.
87% of facility 33/50 chemical emissions in the corridor are covered by parent company
commitments, much higher than the U.S. average of 61%
Ma
i3 Draft
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Conclusions
TRI releases and transfers in most of the industrial corridor parishes are
significantly higher than most other counties in the U.S.
The amounts of chemical emissions, together with the proximity of the facilities
to minority and low income populations, has drawn national attention
Louisiana has identified toxic air releases as a major state environmental
priority, and is actively pursuing regulatory and voluntary reduction efforts
TRI facilities in the industrial corridor have reduced air emissions faster than
the national average
State implementation of its air toxics act should result in major additional
decreases in air emissions of 96 toxic chemicals by 1996
A much higher than average fraction of 33/50 releases and transfers to all
media from facilities in the industrial corridor may be reduced under parent
company commitments
May 14, 1993-Ora« Pa.ju ?'J
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