FOREIGN DOCUMENTS Number J
ANNOUNCEMENTS
SUMMARIES OF
FOREIGN GOVERNMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL
REPORTS
JANUARY, 1973
Library Systems Branch,
Officr of Planning and Management
Office of International Activities
U. S ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Washington D C 20460
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FOREWARD
Under a series of documents exchange agreements with environmental
agencies in other countries, EPA is building a collection of
environmental reports issued by foreign governments and international
organizations. This is the fifth in a series of Announcements of
foreign documents received.
The original documents can be obtained through the Library Systems
Branch (see back page for order form). More detailed English
abstracts can be provided when required. Full text translations,
which are expensive, should be requested only when essential for
operation of EPA programs. Translation Services Requisition Form
#1350-1 is used to request translations.
A computerized search system is being developed which will allow
future retrieval of these summaries by:
a. country
b. subject area
air
water
noise
pesticides
radiation
solid waste management
c. type of document
legal/legislative/regulatory
management/planning
scientific/technical
socio-economic
This series, which is devoted to summaries of government reports
and concentrated on the legislative, economic and social aspects,
supplements foreign scientific and technical literature abstracts
covered by other EPA information services:
APTIC
SWIRS
PIC
NOISE
Ultimately, EPA plans to assemble a major collection of foreign
government environments documents and to develop several approaches
to the dissemination of this information to EPA staff. This
announcement of documents received is the first step.
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AIR
Australia Article/Source Title: "Environment Emphasized in
New Quarry." Australian Mining
Date/Plaoe of Publication: February 1972,
Chippendale, NSW
Pages: 80-83 Laihruajc: English
Source Scivsitory: LOG
The article gives details on arrangement and
operation of a new quarry on the outskirts of
Melbourne in the development of which control of
dust and noise were prime considerations. The
equipment used in blast hole drilling is considered
a big step toward noise suppression. Methods used
to eliminate dust nuisances are outlined. Pollution
of nearby watercourses is prevented by utilizing a
closed circuit water system.
Control
;,;o. SO-224
France Article/So:wcc Title: "Industrial Pollution, Its
Prevention and Cost." Interview with M.J.P.
Detrie, Director, Interprofessional Center for
Study Techniques for Air Pollution. Pollution
Atmospherique (Air Pollution)
Date/Place of Publication: April-June 1972, Paris
Pages: 188-195 Language: French
Source Repository: LOG
Mr. Detrie was placed in charge of two studies
by the Ministry of Industrial Pollution: how to
reduce industrial pollution and how to reduce costs.
The problem of measuring pollutants has not yet been
solved completely. Much research is needed for
strict and precise control; the best available method
is the use of opacity meters.
Graphs showing mortalities due to pollution-
related illnesses for Paris and France, 1960-1970
are included. There are also maps of France showing
the daily maximum and mean annual levels of SO^ and
dust particles for major cities during the 1960's
and 1971.
Industrial antipollution costs are discussed.
SO-22S
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AIR
France Article/Source Title: "Anti-Air Pollution Activi- Code
ties in the Petroleum Industry." Interview with
M.J. de Perthuis, General Delegate of the Union
of the Chambres Syndicales de 1'Industrie du
Petrole. Pollution Atmospherique (Air Pollution)
Date/Place of Publication: April-June 1972, Paris
Pages: 145-147 Language: French
Source Repository: LOG
In response to questions asked, M.J. de Perthuis
states that a variety of measures are being taken to
reduce odors and sulfur emissions from oil refineries
and that site location with favorable wind conditions
and chimney heights are important factors.
The petroleum industry supports the collective
effort of such organs as the CITEPA (expansion not
known) which provides information to the public and
promotes antipollution measures. The Union des
Chambres Syndicales de 1'Industrie du Petrole works
through various of its commissions for the improvement
of its equipment and methods of exploitation to reduce
pollution. Its technical service provides information
on regulations concerning antipollution. A brochure
"The Petroleum Industry and the Environment," was
published in 1971 for the public's information.
France Article/'Source Title: "Achievements of Iron Metal-
lurgy-" Interview with M.P- Geny, President,
Environment Commission, Iron Metallurgy, Technical
Association. Pollution Atmospherique (Air Pollu-
tion)
Date/Place of Publication: April-June 1972, Paris
Pages: 184-186 Language: French
Source Repository: LOG
Mr. Geny outlines the methods of dust extraction
(dry and wet) and points out that coordination efforts
in the iron metallurgy sector began in 1960 when a
Water and Air Pollution Commission (known as the En-
vironment Commission) was created.
While new installations have dust eliminating
devices, modernizing existing plants is difficult and
costly. A program has been instituted, in agreement
with the government, to renovate plants, particularly
in areas of greatest pollution, to make them conform
to current regulations. A Laboratory for the Study
and Control of Iron Metallurgy Environment has been
established to control the industry.
Control
No. SO-226
Code
Control
No. SO-227
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AIR
France Article/Source Title: "Documentation." Pollution
Atmospherique (Air Pollution)
Date/Place of Publication: April-June 1972, Paris
Pages: 203-230 Language: French
Source Repository: LOG
Included in this publication is an annotated
bibliography of pollution articles and studies-. The
bibliography is broken down into four categories:
pollutants and what they do; pollution measurements;
the fight against air pollution; and legislation and
its application. The names of the libraries from
which copies of the items may be procured are pro-
vided .
Code
Control
No. SO-228
France Article/Source Title: "Renault's Position." Inter-
view with M.G. de Castelet, Honorary Director,
National Board of the Renault Works, Head of the
Mission. Pollution Atmospherique (Air Pollution)
Date/Place of Publication: April-June 1972, Paris
'Pages: 166-168 Language: French
Source Repository: LOG
Mr. de Castelet reviews the antipollution regula-
tions in Europe and the United States since 1891. He
indicates the standards which must be met for sales
of vehicles abroad today and notes the Renault/Peugot
cooperation concerning manufacture, patents, research
and recently, the comparison of emissions from various
makes of automobiles.
Modifications required to meet European and
American standards are listed and Renault expenditures
for improving the environment are given for the years
1968 through 1972. An estimate is given for 1973.
Code p
Control
No. SO-229
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AIR
Japan Article/Source Title: "New Heavy Oil Desulfuriza- Code
tion Techniques." CEER: Chemical Economy and
Engineering Review Control
Date/Place of Publication: June 1971, Tokyo No. SO-250
Pages: 46-47 Language: English
Source Repository: LOG
Chisso Engineering is rushing development of a
residual desulfurization process based on the idea
of using hot water to extract sulfur. Hydrocarbons
containing oxygen can be extracted with hot water
and sulfur belongs to the same group as oxygen in
the periodic table (Group Via).
In an attempt to improve the hydrogenation
process, a national project is being carried out at
the Agency pf Industrial Science and Technology,
Ministry of International Trade and Industry, using
a 500-barrel-per-day test plant and a newly devel-
oped catalyst combining alumina with cobalt and
molybdenum.
Unlike hydrogenation, the process being devel-
oped at Chisso extracts sulfur components taking
advantage of the fact that free sulfur- hydrogen
sulfide, other sulfur components, mercaptanes, thio-
phene and other sulfur compounds contained in heavy
fuel oil dissolve in hot water at 200-300°C under
70-100 atm pressure. This process, using water only,
requires no catalyst. Operating costs are said to be
lower and desulfurization efficiency higher than in
other processes.
Japan Article/Source Title: "Japan's Sulfur Dioxide Pol- Code
lution and Ube Industries' Gasification Desulfuri-
zation Technique" by G. Nawata. CEER: Chemical Control
Economy and Engineering Review No. SO-251
Date/Place of Publication:November 1971, Tokyo
Pages: 7-14 Language: English
Source Repository: LOG
Because Japan is expected to lag behind the
Western nations for some time in replacing petroleum
with other energy sources, atmospheric pollution with
sulfur dioxide will remain a problem to the extent it
is not dealt with. More effective desulfurization
techniques are needed. In this article, Japanese
energy sources which cause sulfur dioxide pollution,
antipollution measuresj and Ube Industries' desulfuri-
zation technique now under development are outlined.
Included are diagrams of heavy-oil, flue-gas, and gas-
ification desulfurization processes, as well as several
comparison tables for the processes.
4
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AIR
Japan Article/Source Title: "Reducing Sulfur Content in Code
Fuel and Flue-Gas Desulfurization" by Kimio
Hirakawa. CEER: Chemical Economy and Engineering Control
Review No. SO-252
Date/Place of Publication: May 1972, Tokyo
Pages: 17-24 Language: English
Source Repository: LOG
In February 1969, the Japanese Cabinet approved
the "Environmental Standards Concerning Sulfur Oxides,"
defining in quantitative terms the administrative
targets for the prevention of air pollution. The in-
troduction of these standards provided an impetus to
the Government's efforts to reduce the sulfur content
in fuel oil. This article discusses the two cate-
gories for reducing sulfur contents of fuels: (1) im-
porting low-sulfur crude oil, fuel oil, and LNG, and
(2) the removal of sulfur from fuel oil and flue-gas
via domestic desulfurization plants. Statistics are
given concerning the sulfur content of imported crude
oil, the importing of LNG, and fuel oil desulfurization.
The flue-gas desulfurization process (dry and wet)
is outlined and a detailed table showing the development
and application of flue-gas desulfurization techniques
included. The supply and demand of by-products (sulfur,
sulfuric acid, sodium sulfite, ammonium sulfate, gypsum,
and sodium sulfate are described.
Netherlands Article/Source Title: Penalization of the Environ- Code
ment Due to Stench. A study of the subjective
experience of the population by Dr. Louis A. Control
C1arenburg No. SO-255
Date/Place of Publication: 2 August 1972, Schiedam
Pages: 33 Language: English
Source Repository: EPA
In this paper- a mathematical model is developed
for use in quantitatively determining the subjective
appreciation of the population living in the vicinity
of a chemical industry. The study centers around the
relation between odorous air pollution and health, par-
ticularly mental well-being. Penalization of the en-
vironment due to stench is defined as the percentage of
the population being bothered by odorous pollution.
The model is applied to the situation in S areas
with the results of calculations compared with the re-
sults of public polls and with complaint patterns regis-
tered by the Central Complaint Office of the Rijnmond
Authority. The agreement between calculation and ob-
servation is, in the statistical sense, highly signifi-
cant. Graphs, charts and tables are included.
Netherlands See WATER (Netherlands) — Control No. SO-239 Code
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NOISE
Australia See AIR (Australia) — Control No. SO-224 Code
'Bulgaria Article/Source Title: "Preparation of an Antinoise Code
Bill" by Kh. Apostolov. Otechestven Front
(Fatherland Front) Control
Date/Place of Publication: 14 Oct 1972, Sofiya No. SO-254
Page: 2 Language: Bulgarian
Source Repository: EPA
The author discusses "noise disease" (which can
have physical symptoms even before hearing impairment)
and the physical effects of noise on the human or-
ganism. These discussions are used as arguments for
an antinoise bill which will be proposed by the end
of the year. Mention is made of a three year old
Antinoise Committee and the third in a series of
Antinoise Weeks in Bulgaria.
Netherlands See WATER (Netherlands) — Control No. SO-239 Code
PESTICIDES
France See AIR (France) — Control No. SO-228 Code
RADIATION
Netherlands See WATER (Netherlands) — Control No. SO-239 Code
SOLID WASTE
Japan Article/Source Title: "Plastics Refuse Disposal." Code
CEER: Chemical Economy and Engineering Review
Date/Place of Publication: June 1971, Tokyo Control
Pages: 41-43 Language: English No. SO-235
Source Repository: LOG
The article discusses the pollution problems
which arise from the expanded use of disposable
plastic articles. There are figures on plastic pro-
duction, disposal, and content in industrial wastes.
Japan is now second only to the United States in the
production of plastics. Japan's per capita plastics
consumption (as shown in table) is rapidly approach-
in the United States and West Germany levels. The
Welfare Ministry, in an attempt to avoid the concen-
tration of waste plastics in urban refuse, is con-
sidering taking administrative measures to restrict
the use of disposable containers.
Netherlands See WATER (Netherlands) — Control No. SO-239 Code
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WATER
Australia
Japan
Japan
See AIR (Australia) —
Article/Source Title: "Water Pollution in Japan --
How to Prevent It by Flocculants" by Y. Shibahara.
CEER: Chemical Economy and Engineering Review
Date/Place of Publication: June 1971, Tokyo
Pages: 36-40 Language: English
Source Repository: LOG
The article, authored by the Senior Chief Chem-
ist, Sanyo Chemical Industries, remarks on the state
of water pollution in Japan and compares certain as-
pects with other countries of the world. The major
focus is on the details of the organic flocculant
wastewater treatment process. A table showing the
kinds of industries causing water pollution and ex-
amples of resultant damage is included. Another
table shows three types of organic flocculants
(Anionic, Noionic, and Cationic), their effects, and
fields of use. Almost 50% of the article is taken
up with examples of cases where the organic floccu-
lants are commercially used in the treatment of
wastewater.
According to Osamu Shimomura, director of the
Investment Development Bank, Japan's GNP will reach
$414,000 million in 1975, of which 2%, or about
$8,500 million should be invested in pollution con-
trol.
Article/Source Title: "Recent Developments in the Code
Treatment of Industrial Wastewaters Containing
Cadmium" by Staff Writers, CEER: Chemical
Economy and Engineering Review
Date/Place of Publication: April 1971, Tokyo
Pages: 56-59 Language: English
Source Repository: LOG
In this paper, the authors give a brief outline
of the major processes used today in treating indus-
trial wastewaters containing cadmium--with cadmium
poisoning said to be the major cause of the so-called
itai-itai disease. While the removal of cadmium from
wastewater is no longer a technical problem, there is
a problem in terms of the cost of necessary facilities.
Flow diagrams shown include: cadmium hydroxide
precipitation; ion-exchange treatment; cadmium hy-
droxide sludge disposal; cadmium sulfide flotation,
and; a flow sheet depicting a typical industrial
installation.
Code
Code
Control
No. SO-236
Control
No. SO-237
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WATER
Japan Article/Source Title: "Environmental Pollution by Code
Waste Disposal" by E. Morozumi. CEER: Chemical
Economy and Engineering Review Control
Date/Place of Publication: June 1971, Tokyo No. 50-258
Pages: 29-35 Language: English
Source Repository: LOG
Because Japan reportedly neglected her environ-
mental pollution problems for a number of years, the
author believes that 7-10% of the plant and equipment
investments in all Japanese industries will have to
be applied toward pollution prevention. Japan, which
has been using an "open-system" in disposing of waste
(in contrast to the U.S. and Europe "closed-system"),
with production wastes being absorbed into the natural
cycle of resources, mw faces a problem due to the
fact that the wastes now exceed the limits of natural
absorption capacity.
The article includes mention of 14 antipollution
bills introduced at the 64th special session of the
Diet on 8 December 1970. After discussing water treat-
ment techniques, the author sets forth 15 special re-
search themes on water pollution prevention techniques
adopted for 1971 by the Agency of Industrial Science
and Technology -
Netherlands Article/Source Title: Environmental Health in the Code
Netherlands. Ministry of Public Health and En-
vironmental Hygiene. Third revised edition Control
Date/Place of Publication: March 1972, The Hague No. SO-259
Pages: 60 Language: English
Source Repository: EPA
After a survey of the general environment of the
Netherlands, the book turns to specific problems. The
first of these is water: water supply, use of resources,
quality control, and water pollution. Under the latter,
it describes sewage disposal in the major cities, na-
tional standards and governmental organizations, and
international problems arising in connection with the
Rhine. The second point is air: in a similar framework
such organizations as the Air Pollution Council and
legal measures such as the Air Pollution Act of 1970
are discussed. Radiation pollution is presented briefly
in terms of research organizations and legal measures,
as are solid wastes. Foundations and legal measures
against noise are also given, in particular the Public
Nuisance Act which affects all the above problems. The
book then proceeds to discuss problems arising from
recreation and housing and the possibilities of anti-
pollution training and study.
8
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WATER
USSR
USSR
USSR
Article/Source Title: Ochistka proizvodstvennykh
stochnykh vod (Purification of Industrial Waste
Water) by Ya. A. Karelin et al
Date/Place of Publication: 1970, Moscow
Pages: 152 Language: Russian
Source Repository: EPA
The book gives general notes on wastewaters,
principles of purification, methods (mechanical,
physicochemical and biochemical), and installations.
Some attention is paid to control and automation of
purification installations. Of special interest is
purification in connection with petrochemical com-
plexes and refineries of fuel, grease, and high
sulfur oil.
Article/Source Title: Ochistka stochnykh vod Code_
predpriyatiy legkoy promyshlennosti (Purification
of Wastewater from Light Industry) by S.V.
Yakovlev and Yu. M. Laskov _
Date/Place of Publication: 1972, Moscow
Pages: 112 Language: Russian
Source Repository: EPA
The book discusses quantity and composition of
ivastewater mainly from dyeing, finishing, and tanning
plants, as well as the influence of the specific
pollutants from such enterprises on purification
processes. Processes discussed are mechanical, chem-
ical, biochemical, flotation, and ozonization. An
individual section considers the use of sediments
from such textile wastes.
Article/Source Title: Rekomendatsii po proyektiro- Code
vaniyu ustroystv dlya kontrolya raskhodov i
urovney na ochistnykh sooruzheniyakh kanalizatsii
(Recommendations on Devices for Controlling Output
and Level in Channelization Purification Installa-
tions)
Date/Place of Publication: 1972, Moscow
Pages: 54 Language: Russian
Source Repository: EPA
The book presents a general discussion of control
of waste output, level of wastewater, sludge and sedi-
ment, and those phenomena associated with primary and
secondary sedimentation tanks and aeration tanks. After
the discussions, methods are explained for calculation
of segmented diaphragms for uncompressed liquids, hy-
draulics of Venturi troughs, and various kinds of
weirs. There are numerous diagrams and charts in con-
nection with installations as well as many graphs il-
lustrating the computational methods.
Code
Control
No. SO-240
Control
No. SO-241
Control
No. SO-242
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WATER
USSR
Article/Source Title: Mekhanicheskaya ochistka
stochnykh vod (Mechanical Purification of Waste-
water) by S. V. Yakovlev and V. I. Kapitsun
Date/Place of Publication: 1972, Moscow
Pages: 197 Language: Russian
Source Repository: EPA
The book considers the constructions of various
types of mechanical means for purifying wastewater
and rates them. The first category deals with
grills and the problems involved. Much attention is
paid to sand-catchers of the horizontal, vertical,
and tangential varieties (as well as aerate and
hydromechanical constructions), horizontal and radial
sedimentation tanks, and collecting .troughs.
Code
Control
No. SO-243
USSR
Article/Source Title: Materialy nauchno-tekhniche-
skoy konferentsii *'Progressivnyye metody ochistki
prirodnykh i stochnykh vod" (Materials of the
Conference '-'Progressive Methods of Purifying
Natural and Wastewater"
Date/Place of Publication: September 1971, Moscow,
Sb. 3
Pages: 138 Language: Russian
Source Repository: EPA
This volume of the materials is entitled
"Avtomatizatsiya protsessov" (Automatization of
Processes). It contains 26 contributions dealing
with the automation of purification through chemical
and biochemical means, reagents, aerators, coagulants,
and ion-exchange. Specific problems considered are
cyanides, chromium, copper, zinc, and organic sub-
stances. One article deals with automation of water
supply.
Code
Control
No. SO-244
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WATER
West Article/Source Title: "Maritime Pollution: An
Germany International Problem" by Uwe Jenisch. Aussen
Politik (Foreign Policy), Vol. 23, No. 2
Date/Place of Publication: Second Quarter 1972,
Hamburg
Pages: 205-215 Language: English
Source Repository: EPA
The author, of the Federal Ministry of Education
and Science, attended the 2d Pacem in Maribus Con-
ference, held on the island of Malta in the summer of
1971, where pollution of the high seas was discussed.
His main thrust here is that this problem is too
large to be coped with effectively at the national or
regional levels and, therefore, must be dealt with on
an international scale. He hopes that the U.N. Con-
ference on Human Environment (Stockholm 1972) might
be an important stage in developing the necessary co-
operation .
Dr. Jenisch claims that measures taken to date
at the international level are inadequate. To sup-
port his contention, he refers to a U.N. Resolution,
the Geneva Convention and a North Sea and Baltic Sea
Accords. The lack of deployment at all suitable
national and international organizations is discussed.
Code
Control
No. SO-245
Japan
GENERAL
Article/Source Title: "Environmental Protection
Costs and Fair Trade" by H. Nawata. CEER:
Chemical Economy and Engineering Review
Date/Place of Publication: June 1972, Tokyo
Pages: 57-58 Language: English
Source Repository: LOG
The article discusses the economic effects to
be expected as a result of money spent on environ-
mental protection. Effects on export prices, per-
formance and other aspects of international trade
are considered. There are remarks on environmental
standards.
Code
Control
No. SO-246
11
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GENERAL
Japan Article/'Source Title: "Industrial Development and Code
Environmental Problems" by R. Kiyoura. CEER:
Chemical Economy and Engineering Review Control
Date/Place of Publication: June 1971, Tokyo No. SO-247
Pages: 16-23, 28 Language: English
Source Repository^ LOG
The author, a professor at Tokyo Institute of
Technology, discusses first the value clash between
GNP and environmental quality in Japan and then takes
up natural and artificial pollution of the earth. The
major thrust of this article, however, is the author's
contention that Japan is not pollution-infested and
does not deserve the accusation of cutting production
costs through savings in antipollution costs. He
blames the mass media for intentionally exaggerating
pollution reports, thus throwing the public into con-
fusion, and argues that it is not correct to say that
Japan has pollution problems because it has highly
advanced industries on four small islands. He states
that the Japanese people receive false impressions
concerning pollution—impressions which contradict
scientific findings. Citing figures, he claims that
Japanese industry spends more money for pollution pre-
vention than its Western counterparts, except Sweden.
In closing, he discusses the economic' impact of
antipollution measures.
Japan Article/Source Title: "Treatment of PVC Plant Code
Effluent." CEER: Chemical Economy and Engineer-
ing Review Control
Date/Place of Publication: April 1971, Tokyo No. SO-248
Pages: 36-37 Language: English
Source Repository: LOG - .__
Wastes from large-scale vinyl chloride monomer
(VCM) plants cannot be incinerated or dumped into
the ocean because they contain chlorine and would
cause hazardous pollution of the atmosphere or sea
water. Manufacturers have the problem of making the
waste harmless and attempting to recover useful com-
ponents. Several techniques are mentioned, together
with the names of the companies using them.
12
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GENERAL
Japan Article/Source Title: Summaries of Japanese Press
Reports, September 1972. U.S. Dept of State
Airgram No. A-1090
Date/Place of Publication: 27 October 1972,
Amembassy, Tokyo
Pages: 14 Language: English
Source Repository: LOC/FRD
Included in this Airgram are brief summaries of
Japanese press reports on the subject of environment.
Captions of these summaries: Japan Will Invite '77
UN Environment Conference Here; Environment Agency
Budget Request for FY 1973; New Air Pollution Stand-
ard Proposed for Sulfur Oxides; Proposed Relief Fund
for Air Pollution Victims; Tokyo Bay Almost Void of
Marine Life; Two Methods Developed to Make PCB Harm-
less; Fifty PCB Substitutes to Undergo Government
Check; Copper to be Designated as Soil Pollutant;
New Pollution Dispute Arbitration System Initiated;
Pollution Reduction Devices to be Required for Cars;
Desulfurization Capacity to Double in 5 Years; and;
Devices developed to Measure and Remove Heavy Metal
Ions from Solution.
Code
Control
No. SO-249
Netherlands Article/Source Title: Public Authority Rijnmond
Date/Place of Publication: not given
Pages: 5 Language: English
Source Repository: EPA
This paper describes the Rijnmond which is an
elected organization with authority to plan for the
area (Rotterdam), coordinate policies including
environment and waste disposal, and to issue direc-
tives and recommendations. During the last five
years Rijnmond has served as a link between research
and policy, has done analyses for specific projects,
and has taken measures particularly against air pol-
lution. The paper goes on to discuss Rijnmond re-
search projects: S02 concentration in the air; input-
output studies; and broader studies.
Code
Control
No. SQ-25D
13
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Peoples
Republic
of China
Peoples
Republic
of China
GENERAL
Article/Source Title: SWB: Summary of World Broad-
casts . Published by The British Broadcasting
Corp. Second Series FE/W694
Date/Place of Publication: 11 October 1972,
Caversham Park Reading
Pages: A5-6 Language: English
Source Repository: LOC/FRD
In Shanghai there is a mass movement to eradi-
cate waste liquids, gases, solids, and to clean up
air pollution. To date, particle abatement devices
have been fited to 1500 chimneys. Plant meetings
have been held and factory teams organized to help
solve the problems. The light industry bureau has
solved particle abatement problems affecting 78
chimneys in 66 factories at a cost of only 25,000
yuan. Some plants use the collected smoke particles
containing carbon for heafoifcg purposes.
Despite Shanghai's rjpld industrial development,
the city has never been cleaner. Factories emitting
harmful wastes have been moved to the outskirts. Data
from 51 factories show that more than 80,000 tons of
useful chemicals were recovered from effluents in 1971
and the total volume of effluent reduced by 26%. Fac-
tories are changing production methods to reduce harm-
ful wastes and installations for treating industrial
waste are being incorporated into new factory designs.
Code
Control
No. SO-251
Article/Source Title: "Kwantung Uses Industrial
Wastes, Reduces Pollution." Foreign Broadcast
Information Service, Daily Report
Date/Plaae of Publication: 8 November 1972,
Washington, D.C.
Page: D5 Language: English
Source Repository: EPA
As a means of reducing pollution in Kwantung
Province, industrial waste is being turned to good
use on a large scale. Among the examples given:
Waste gases from refineries are used in the manu-
facture of dry ice and calcium carbonate; bagasse
is being used to make paper pulp for synthetic
fibers and furfural, and; waste liquids from paper
mills are turned into adhesives and fertilizer.
Many enterprises have established "three-in-
one" groups consisting of workers, technicians and
leading cadres to conduct scientific experiments
concerning the utilization of waste material.
Code
Control
No. SO-252
14
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South
Africa
Yugoslavia
GENERAL
Article/Source Title: Report on Pollution. The
Planning Advisory Council of the Prime Minister
Date/Place of Publication: March 1972, Pretoria
Pages: 15 Language: English
Source Repository: EPA
The report is an outline summary of an earlier
Subsidiary Committee detailed report. It covers gen-
eral environmental abuse and contamination, air pol-
lution, water pollution (including oceans), noise
pollution, and radiation pollution. Special atten-
tion is paid to legislation in each of these areas,
either existing or needed. Characteristics and
types of air and water pollution are outlined. The
report concludes that effective application of exist-
ing legislation is the crux and recommends that en-
vironmental protection be entrusted to the Department
of Planning.
Article/Source Title: "How Much Are We Really
Threatened, and How Much Uninformed?" by N.
Dzhurich and D. Radovich. Borba (Battle)
Date/Place of Publication: 2 July 1972, Belgrade
Page: 9 Language: Serbo-Croatian
Source Repository: EPA
Code
Contra I
No. SO-253
Code
Control
No. SO-254
This article, the second part of a round table
discussion prompted by the Stockholm Conference,
deals more specifically with the situation in Yugo-
slavia than did the first article. In Yugoslavia,
there was no water purification control prior to the
1965 Water Law, which gives industries until 1975 to
take care of this problem. At present, relatively
few factories are equipped to do so (chemical in-
dustry, 21%; metallurgy- 29%; and paper and cellulose
industry, 18%). The need for inspection and sanctions
is stressed.
The Yugoslav government devotes 1.55 billion
dinars per year to general environmental protections
programs, but only 70 million dinars are allotted to
water conservation research. At least two-thirds of
the country has neither the technology nor materials
needed to deal with pollution.
Other topics of the discussion include reforesta-
tion (of great importance in Serbia), the acute problem
of pollution of land and water by herbicides and pesti-
cides, and the recycling of industrial wastes. It is
mentioned that there are 18 zones where air pollution
is critical in the country. General pollution figures
are given for Serbia.
15
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GENERAL
Yugoslavia Article/Source Title: "For Clean Air, Swift Water, Code
and Clear Sky" by N. Dzhurich and D. Radovich.
Borba (Battle) Control
Date/Place of Publication: 30 June 1972, Belgrade No. 50-255
Page: 14 Language: Serbo-Croatian
Source Repository: EPA
The article is a transcription of a round table
discussion, attended by many figures of Yugoslav
government, education, and technology. The meeting
was prompted by the Stockholm Conference. The
panelists discussed first the early environmental
protection groups started in Yugoslavia in 1948 (con-
cerned mainly with erosion) and then the move made
by the Serbian Academy of Science in 1963 to consider
problems of the whole environment. It is the con-
sensus that the Yugoslav Water Law (1965) is outdated.
Further conversations centered on existing
groups, such as the Commission on Human Environment,
which serves to coordinate whatever efforts are being
made in this field. In Slovenia, there is a Commission
for Air Pollution Prevention and a Society for Water
Conservation. The possibility of establishing a na-
tional Ministry of Human Environment was mentioned.
Article/Source Title: World Health Organization Code
Publications Catalogue: 1947-1971. Published by
the World Health Organization Control
Date/Place of Publication: 1971, Geneva, No. SO-256
Switzerland
Pages: 5-121 Language: English
Source Repository: LOG
Mentioned in this annotated bibliography are
publications pertaining to air pollution, a survey
of existing legislation concerning protection against
ionization radiation, operation and control of water
treatment processes, waste stabilization ponds,
surveys of legislation concerning water and air pollu-
tion, noise hazards and nuisances, problems in com-
munity waste management, pesticide residues, research
into environment pollution, urban air pollution with
particular reference to motor vehicles, and permis-
sable levels of occupation exposure to airborne toxic
substances.
16
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To: Headquarters Library
From:
Of fi ce : Room #
Subject: Requests for Foreign Exchange Documents
Please send me the following items abstracted in
the Summaries of Foreign Government Environmental Reports
dated :
Control No . Language
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