&EPA
United States
Environmental Protection
Agency
Municipal Environmental Research
Laboratory
Cincinnati OH 45268
EPA-600 2-79-153
December 1979
Research and Development
Seattle Tolt Water
Supply Mixed
Asbestiform
Removal Study
Appendices B and C
-------
RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES
Research reports of the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency, have been grouped into nine series. These nine broad cate-
gories were established to facilitate further development and application of en-
vironmental technology. Elimination of traditional grouping was consciously
planned to foster technology transfer and a maximum interface in related fields.
The nine series are:
1. Environmental Health Effects Research
2. Environmental Protection Technology
3. Ecological Research
4. Environmental Monitoring
5. Socioeconomic Environmental Studies
6. Scientific and Technical Assessment Reports (STAR)
7. Interagency Energy-Environment Research and Development
8. "Special" Reports
9. Miscellaneous Reports
This report has been assigned to the ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECH-
NOLOGY series. This series describes research performed to develop and dem-
onstrate instrumentation, equipment, and methodology to repair or prevent en-
vironmental degradation from point and non-point sources of pollution. This work
provides the new or improved technology required for the control and treatment
of pollution sources to meet environmental quality standards.
This.document is available to the public through the National Technical Informa-
tion Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.
-------
EPA-600/2-79-153
December 1979
SEATTLE TOLT WATER SUPPLY
MIXED ASBESTIFORM REMOVAL STUDY
Appendices B and C
by
Gregory J. Kirmeyer
Water Quality Division
Seattle Water Department
Seattle, Washington 98144
Grant No. 804422
Project Officer
Gary S. Logsdon
Drinking Water Research Division
Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
MUNICIPAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
CINCINNATI, OHIO 45268
-------
DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the Municipal Environmental Research
Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved for publication.
Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily reflect the views and
policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, nor does mention of
trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation
for use.
11
-------
FOREWORD
The Environmental Protection Agency was created because of increasing
public and government concern about the dangers of pollution to the health
and welfare of the American people. Noxious air, foul water, and spoiled
land are tragic testimony to the deterioration of our natural environment.
The complexity of that environment and the interplay between its components
require a concentrated and integrated attack on the problem.
Research and development is that necessary first step in problem
solution and it involves defining the problem, measuring its impact, and
searching for solutions. The Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory
develops new and improved technology and systems for the prevention,
treatment, and management of wastewater and solid and hazardous waste
pollutant discharges from municipal and community sources, for the preserva-
tion and treatment of public drinking water supplies, and to minimize the
adverse economic, social, health, and aesthetic effects of pollution. This
publication is one of the products of that research; a most vital communica-
tions link between the researcher and the user community.
This report presents the results obtained and conclusions drawn from
pilot plant filtration research on the removal of naturally occurring
asbestiform fibers from a protected mountain water source. Appendix B
contains photographs of equipment; data on operating conditions, water
quality, fiber counting, and filter media; information on treatment of turbid
water; results of sludge generation studies; and detailed documentation of
cost estimating information. Appendix C presents information on environmental
conditions of each filter run.
Francis T. Mayo, Director
Municipal Environmental Research
Laboratory
111
-------
ABSTRACT
Pilot plant research conducted during 1977 and 1978 demonstrated that both
amphibole and chrysotile asbestos can be removed using direct filtration tech-
niques at filter loading rates as high as 10 gpm/ft2. Since asbestos fibers,
especially chrysotile, were found to be quite sensitive to changes in the
treatment process, vigilant control over chemical additions and finished
water turbidity is a necessity. During the study, engineering data were also
obtained for making cost estimates for construction and operation of a 100 MGD
granular media filtration plant.
Photographs of pilot plant apparatus are contained in Appendix B-l. It
includes pictures of the existing facilities on the Tolt, the Waterboy pilot
plant and piping, mixers, storage tanks and sludge settling basins. Weather
and operating conditions at the South Fork Tolt Reservoir are presented in
Appendix B-2. It contains water and air temperatures, valve operations and
flow conditions. Appendix B-3 includes information from the manufacturers on
granular media filters and various graphs of water production efficiencies.
Both amphibole and chrysotile asbestos fibers are in the micron size range
and require that electron microscopy techniques be used for counting. Appendix
B-4 contains micrographs of these fibers. Appendix B-5 contains information
on particle counts and turbidity from various filter runs.
To determine the capabilities of direct filtration treatment techniques
at treating water with abnormally high raw water turbidities, tests were
conducted on water with a turbidity as high as 34 NTU. The treatment tech-
niques could consistently remove turbidity from 20 NTU down to < 0.5 NTU.
Appendix B-6 contains a description of these pilot tests.
Water pollution laws now require treatment of wastes generated at water
filtration facilities. Pilot settling tests were conducted on sludge gener-
ated from backwashing the Waterboy granular media filter. The tests indicate
that a sludge with a concentration of 2-3% can be produced by gravity settling.
Appendix B-7 contains details of the settling tests.
Based on design criteria developed during the filtration studies, CH2M/
Hill Consulting Engineers developed treatment plant costs. Construction costs
were estimated at $24,747,000 and annual operation and maintenance costs were
$1,212,000. Appendix B-8 contains details on the development of the costs.
To document the conditions surrounding each pilot filter run, Appendix C
contains a description of the treatment trains, mixing intensities, physical
and chemical properties of the water and data on water production efficiencies.
This report was submitted in fulfillment of Grant No. 804422 by the
Seattle Water Department under the sponsorship of the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency. This report covers a period from May, 1976 to November,
1978 and work was completed March, 1979.
IV
-------
CONTENTS
Appendix Page
B-l Photographs of Pilot Plant Apparatus 1
B-2 Weather and Operating Conditions at the South Fork Tolt
Reservoir and Tolt Regulating Basin 22
B-3 Summary of Information on Granular Media Filters 44
B-4 Micrographs of Asbestos Fibers 57
B-5 Particle Count Data 64
B-6 Filter Run Pilot Testing at High Raw Water Turbidities ... 70
B-7 Sludge Settleability Testing . 95
B-8 Detailed Documentation of Cost Information 101
C-l Tabulated Conditions Surrounding Each Filter Run 105
C-2 Diagrams of Flow Schematics Tested During the Pilot Study. . 150
v
-------
APPENDIX B-l
PHOTOGRAPHS OF PILOT PLANT APPARATUS
Figure Bl-1. Ring gate and intake tower on South Fork Tolt Reservoir.
-------
Figure Bl-2. Tolt Regulating Basin,
-------
Figure Bl-3. Screen house at Tolt Regulating Basin.
-------
Figure Bl-4. Tolt Regulating Building.
Note: Pilot plant located inside this structure.
-------
Figure Bl-5. Backflow preventer on service to pilot plant.
-------
Figure Bl-6. Front view of Neptune Microfloc Waterboy-27 pilot plant.
-------
Figure Bl-7. Pilot plant and chemical solution barrels,
-------
Figure Bl-8. Pilot plant with platform and by-pass pipes,
-------
Figure Bl-9. Top view of pilot plant.
Note: Settling chamber by-pass line.
-------
Figure Bl-10. Mechanical surface Wash of filter media.
Note: Purpose of mechanical wash to release air prior to backwashing.
10
-------
Figure Bl-11. Top view of pilot filter.
Note: Air bubbles rising to surface.
-------
Figure Bl-12. Meter on effluent from filter.
L2
-------
Figure Bl-13. Continuous turbidimeters on raw and finished water.
-------
Figure Bl-14. Backwash water storage tank.
14
-------
Figure Bl-15. Plywood backwash wastewater settling basin.
Figure Bl-16. Earthen emergency overflow settling basin.
15
-------
Figure Bl-17. Top view of North Fork Tolt River from bridge.
Note: All plant wastes and surface drainage discharge to this receiving stream.
16
-------
Figure Bl-18. Pilot filter columns constructed by Seattle Water Department.
17
-------
Figure Bl-19. Pilot filter column purchased from Neptune Microfloc, Inc.
-------
Figure Bl-20. Static mixers on pilot plant.
Note: Mixers were loaned to Seattle Water Department by USEPA,
L9
-------
Figure Bl-21. Mixing barrels.
Note: Baffles to prevent vortex.
'
20
-------
*
Figure Bl-22. Adjustable platforms supporting mixing barrels,
2]
-------
APPENDIX B-2
WEATHER AND OPERATING CONDITIONS AT THE SOUTH FORK TOLT RESERVOIR
AND TOLT REGULATING BASIN
22
-------
APPENDIX B-2.
WEATHER AND OPERATING CONDITIONS AT THE SOUTH FORK TOLT RESERVOIR AND TOLT REGULATING BASIN'
MONTH OF JANUARY. 1977.
to
oo
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1751.35 18
1751.25 36
*1750.98 0
*1750.70 3
*1750.42 3
*1750.14 4
1749.86 5
1750.12 0
1750.18 5
1750.11 3
1749.83 10
1749.75 8
1749.82 8
1749.83 6
1749.81 0
1750.15 10
1751.63 0
1753.55 20
1755.14 20
1755.45 34
1755.48 0
1755.43 5
1755.32 3
1755.21 5
1755.08 0
1754.96 8
1754.87 8
1754.78 5
1754.70 0
1754.68 16
1754.71 12
Wind
Dir.
NE
NE
-
NE
NW
NE
NE
—
SE
SE
NE
SW
NE
NE
—
SE
-
NE
SE
NE
-
NE
NW
SE
-
NE
NE
NE
-
NE
NE
Note: All readings were
*Estimated reading. Gage
South
Precip
in.
0
0.13
0.03
0.02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.10
1.30
0.98
0.34
0.18
0.40
1.10
0.90
0.66
0
0
0.10
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.32
Fork Tolt Reservoir
., Avg. Water
Air Temp..
Temp., °C
OF
34.0 5.0
36.5 5.0
29.0 4.5
27.0 4.5
27.5 4.0
27.5 3.5
22.5 3.5
21.5 3.0
32.0 3.0
31.5 3.0
33.5 3.0
39.0 3.0
38.5 3.5
38.0 3.5
39.5 3.5
40.5 4.0
44.5 4.0
45.0 4.0
45.0 4.5
44.0 4.0
44.5 4.0
35.5 4.0
38.5 4.0
39.5 4.0
38.0 4.0
37.5 3.5
39.0 4.0
40.0 4.0
34.0 4.0
36.0 4.0
39.0 4.0
taken by the Seattle
malfunction (frozen) .
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
1.50
1.80
1.60
1.30
1.10
1.40
1.50
1.20
1.20
1.00
1.00
2.50
0.90
1.20
1.20
1.10
1.20
1.80
1.60
1.50
1.50
1.30
1.30
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.10
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Elev.,
ft
759.8
759.8
759.5
759.1
758.9
760.1
760.4
759.3
758.3
756.7
756.5
758.1
759.3
760.2
760.4
760.2
758.5
758.3
758.1
758.5
757.4
758.7
760.0
759.6
760.1
760.3
759.4
759.7
760.1
759.7
755.0
Water Department pipeline
Regu
Precip.,
in.
0
0.09
0.02
0.02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.08
1.05
0.47
0.18
0.13
0.21
0.69
0.65
0.53
0
0
0.05
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.22
patrolman
lating
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.10
1.20
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.00
1.00
0.90
0.90
1.10
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.40
1.45
1.70
1.20
1.40
1.40
1.20
1.40
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.10
1.10
1.20
Basin
Valve #25,
% Open
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
15
15
-
25
35
35
30
30
15
15
20
20
25
25
75
75
30
30
30
15
15
15
0
30
Total
Flow,
MGD
68
66
67
71
64
50
55
51
53
51
59
54
51
55
48
52
50
54
48
52
65
66
68
67
63
52
48
38
30
31
31
and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF FEBRUARY, 1977
to
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Elev .,
ft
1754.66
1754.50
1754.47
1754.37
1754.26
1754.15
1754.06
1753.91
1753.77
1753.70
1753.88
1753.93
1754.47
1754.55
1754.52
1754.47
1754.45
1754.54
1754.63
1754.62
1754.66
1754.65
1754.66
1754.63
1754.66
1754.68
1754.73
1755.15
Wind
Vel.,
mph
4
0
36
8
28
10
50
28
5
18
0
5
4
8
3
5
5
6
38
5
40
26
5
5
6
3
6
3
Wind
Dir.
SE
-
NE
NE
NE
NE
SE
NE
SW
SW
-
sw
NE
NE
NE
NE
SW
NE
NE
NE
SW
NW
NE
NE
SW
SW
sw
NW
South
Precip
in.
0.43
0.12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.03
0.43
0.28
0.16
0.38
0
0.03
0.02
0.23
0.43
0
0
0.27
0.20
0.35
0
0.65
0.30
0.63
0.53
Fork Tolt
., Avg.
Air
Temp.,
OF
44.0
42.0
48.0
47.0
46.5
46.5
48.5
49.0
47.5
45.0
44.0
46.0
42.5
43.0
46.5
46.5
47.0
42.0
49.0
52.5
48.5
57.0
43.5
44.0
37.0
34.0
37.0
39.5
Reservoir
Water
Temp.,
°C
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.5
4.5
5.0
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
1.10
1.10
1.30
1.20
1.10
1.10
1.20
1.20
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.85
0.90
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.90
0.90
1.00
1.00
1.00
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Elev.,
ft
757.6
760.1
757.2
757.8
758.2
758.5
758.8
758.7
757.9
756.5
755.6
755.5
756.4
756.8
757.2
757.6
758.1
758.7
758.5
758.0
757.6
756.6
756.9
757.5
758.2
758.9
759.5
757.4
Regul
Precip.,
in.
0.21
0.05
0
0
0.02
0.03
0
0
0.02
0.23
0.27
0.10
0.23
0
0.02
0.02
0.12
0.16
0
0
0.26
0.12
0.60
0
0.38
0.16
0.33
0.35
a ting
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.20
1.20
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.70
1.70
1.40
1.50
1.10
1.10
0.90
1.30
1.20
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.00
1.15
1.15
1.50
1.15
1.00
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
30
15
0
20
-
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
30
30
30
30
30
30
20
20
20
30
30
15
15
15
15
0
Total
Flow,
MGD
31
31
41
40
45
47
44
51
50
66
60
52
56
56
59
58
55
58
55
54
55
60
59
47
28
27
30
28
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF MARCH. 1977.
en
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1755.45 0
1755.56 5
1755.65 5
1755.68 5
1755.88 8
1755.98 1
1756.06 5
1756.36 8
1756.77 5
1757.04 4
1757.24 42
1757.27 3
1757.42 0
1757.53 5
1757.65 10
1757.67 0
1757.71 4
1757.80 4
1757.87 10
1757.93 8
1757.94 5
1758.11 8
1758.49 3
1758.87 4
1759.10 4
1759.31 20
1759.70 3
1759.94 0
1760.03 0
1760.15 9
1760.32 3
Wind
Dir.
-
SW
sw
NE
NE
N
SE
NW
NW
W
NE
NW
-
NE
SE
-
NE
SW
SW
NW
NW
NE
SE
SW
NE
NW
SW
-
-
NE
NW
South
Precip
in.
0.37
0.18
0.64
0.10
0
0
0.48
0.84
0.90
0.36
0
0.60
0.17
0.45
0.28
0.18
0.04
0.31
0.35
0.21
0.34
0.27
0.48
0.27
0.24
0.15
1.20
0.38
0.10
0.02
0
Fork Tolt
•, Avg .
Air
Temp.,
OF
39.0
36.0
39.0
35.0
39.0
44.0
44.0
43.5
37.5
43.0
36.0
40.0
38.0
38.0
38.0
28.0
38.0
39.0
36.0
37.5
38.0
39.0
43.0
45.0
40.0
39.0
37.0
37.5
38.0
35.5
42.5
Reservoir
Water
Temp .,
°C
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.5
4.5
4.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
4.5
4.5
5.0
5.0
5.5
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
1.00
1.00
0.75
0.70
0.90
0.70
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.60
1.10
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.80
0.80
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.70
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
1.00
0.90
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Regulating
Elev.,
ft
757.1
757.7
758.3
758.9
757.3
754.8
756.2
757.3
755.9
754.4
755.7
757.5
756.4
755.3
756.4
758.2
758.0
756.8
755.7
757.7
759.6
758.8
757.5
756.3
755.0
754.0
755.9
758.0
759.7
757.0
757.5
Precip.,
in.
0.45
0.12
0.75
0.06
0
0.01
0.27
0.53
0.50
0.13
0
0.50
0.13
0.20
0.17
0.12
0.03
0.11
0.47
0.08
0.23
0.18
0.34
0.20
0.06
0.12
0.66
0.25
0.08
0
0
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.90
1.20
1.00
1.00
1.10
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.10
1.20
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.90
1.00
0.90
0.90
0.85
0.85
0.80
0.80
0.90
0.90
0.85
0.80
Basin
Valve #25,
% Open
15
15
15
15
0
0
15
15
0
0
15
0
0
0
15
15
0
0
15
15
0
0
0
0
0
15
15
15
0
0
0
Total
Flow,
MGD
28
28
30
27
28
29
27
27
25
18
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
13
13
11
12
11
11
11
12
13
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF APRIL. 1977.
(O
Date
i
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1760.49 0
1760.67 5
1760.80 7
1760.93 9
1761.04 9
1761.35 15
1761.87 36
1762.47 0
1763.30 3
1763.38 11
1763.64 0
1763.81 9
1764.00 10
1764.37 0
1764.64 20
1764.86 5
1765.03 0
1765.08 5
1765.08 0
1765.04 13
1765.00 7
1764.98 25
1765.10 0
1765.40 6
1765.68 8
1765.77 3
1765.70 9
1765.62 6
1765.54 6
1765.45 9
Wind
Dir.
-
N
NE
NE
NE
N
SE
-
SW
NE
-
NE
SW
—
NE
S
-
S
-
NE
N
NE
-
NE
NE
S
E
NE
E
N
South
Precip
in.
0.57
0
0
0.02
0
0
0
0.17
0.75
0.24
0.24
0
0.44
0.79
0.30
0.71
0.74
0.19
0
0.06
0
0.08
0
0
0
0.82
0.04
0
0
0
Fork Tolt
., Avg.
Air
Temp .,
OF
43.5
41.5
41.5
46.0
51.0
60.0
61.5
60.0
56.0
40.5
39.0
45.5
49.5
35.5
37.5
43.0
36.0
41.0
39.0
39.0
47.0
48.0
56.0
59.0
62.5
50.5
47.0
55.5
56.0
56.5
Reservoir
Water
Temp.,
°C
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.5
5.5
6.0
7.0
7.0
6.4
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
5.5
6.0
6.1
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.5
6.5
7.5
7.0
8.0
8.0
7.5
7.5
7.5
8.0
8.0
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.90
0.95
0.92
0.88
0.89
0.94
1.10
1.00
0.97
0.95
1.00
1.00
0.98
1.00
1.10
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.60
0.74
1.00
0.75
0.65
0.65
0.68
0.70
0.80
0.60
0.60
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Elev.,
ft
756.5
755.2
754.0
752.8
754.4
756.2
757.9
757.7
756.6
755.2
754.1
755.5
757.6
757.4
756.2
758.3
760.0
759.2
758.2
758.5
758.0
758.5
759.5
759.8
759.0
759.4
760.0
759.4
759.2
759.1
Regu]
Precip.,
in.
0.44
0.01
0
0
0
0
0
0.14
0.56
0.09
0.04
0
0.19
0.59
0.23
0.60
0.19
0.10
0
0.01
0
0.06
0
0
0
0.50
0.01
0
0
0
ating
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.60
0.65
0.65
0.65
0.65
0.65
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
Basin
Valve #25,
% Open
0
0
0
0
15
15
15
0
0
0
0
15
15
0
0
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
75
75
75
75
75
Total
Flow,
MGD
12
11
12
11
10
10
11
10
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
32
47
59
75
72
72
62
61
59
71
77
67
76
82
76
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF MAY, 1977.
to
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1765.42 3
1765.40 8
1765.54 7
1765.57 9
1765.55 0
1765.43 4
1765.22 8
1765.14 5
1765.09 11
1765.08 10
1765.32 5
1765.33 5
1765.25 3
1765.23 3
1765.24 1
1765.23 0
1765.17 0
1765.16 0
1765.16 0
1765.12 5
1765.14 9
1765.27 0
1765.27 4
1765.41 3
1765.47 12
1765.45 8
1765.43 4
1765.43 10
1765.46 3
1765.43 14
1765.39 11
Wind
Dir.
NE
S
SW
S
-
NE
NE
S
NE
S
S
NE
NE
S
S
-
-
-
-
NE
S
-
S
NE
NE
SW
NE
NE
S
NE
NE
South
Precip
in.
0
0.26
1.22
0.54
0.35
0.09
0.10
0.34
0
0.02
1.21
0.08
0
0.18
0.17
0.19
0.16
0.31
0
0
0.49
0
0.06
1.16
0.22
0.63
0.13
0.68
0.55
0
0.35
Fork Tolt
., Avg.
Air
Temp .,
OF
59.0
55.0
45.5
40.5
42.0
42.0
46.0
53.5
51.5
58.0
41.0
42.0
44.5
49.0
45.0
46.0
45.0
42.5
46.0
50.5
53.0
49.0
52.5
41.5
48.0
51.5
50.5
50.0
42.0
50.0
52.5
Reservoir
Water
Temp .,
°C
8.0
8.0
9.0
7.5
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.5
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.3
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.4
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.4
8.0
8.5
8.3
8.0
8.5
8.5
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.60
0.60
0.70
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.56
0.54
0.54
0.54
0.55
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.54
0.50
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Regulating^
Elev.,
ft
758.8
758.7
759.1
759.8
760.1
760.1
760.2
760.2
760.1
760.0
759.0
758.7
757.9
757.9
757.6
756.8
757.7
758.7
759.4
759.9
760.1
760.1
759.9
759.6
759.1
758.3
759.1
759.0
759.0
759.3
759.1
Precip.,
in.
0
0.25
0.67
0.24
0.21
0.05
0.80
0.32
0
0.02
1.10
0.05
0
0.13
0.05
0.16
0.19
0.20
0
0
0.11
0
0.07
0.80
0.25
0.32
0.13
0.22
0.21
0
0.39
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.53
0.60
0.50
0.47
0.50
0.50
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.50
0.70
0.75
0.60
0.60
0.60
Basin
Valve #25,
% Open
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
35
20
33
35
35
35
35
75
75
75
75
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
30
35
35
35
Total
Flow,
MGD
82
77
75
69
67
67
71
74
69
72
63
63
71
74
70
73
75
72
73
73
65
66
68
70
72
72
74
71
66
65
68
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
CD
APPENDIX B-2
(CONTINUED)
MONTH
OF JUNE
South Fork Tolt
Date Elev.,
ft
1 1765.50
2 1765.53
3 1765.44
4 1765.47
5 1765.52
6 1765.52
7 1765.49
8 1765.42
9 1765.35
10 1765.27
11 1765.20
12 1765.13
13 1765.02
14 1764.94
15 1764.85
16 1764.78
17 1764.80
18 1764.80
19 1764.72
20 1764.69
21 1764.62
22 1764.57
23 1764.52
24 1764.44
25 1764.17
26 1763.96
27 1763.75
28 1763.54
29 1763.31
30 1763.23
31
Wind
Vel.,
mph
3
6
0
5
12
5
7
4
4
2
1
0
0
3
4
4
4
5
6
0
4
5
0
6
3
0
0
1
2
5
Wind
Dir.
W
sw
-
N
NE
N
N
S
NE
NE
S
—
-
S
S
NE
NE
S
SW
-
sw
S
-
NE
S
-
-
NE
S
NE
Precip.,
in.
0.71
0.05
0.03
0.68
0.10
0
0
0.12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.29
0.19
0.03
0
0
0
0.04
0
0
0
Avg.
Air
Temp .,
°F
52.0
49.5
52.0
50.5
54.5
68.5
74.5
60.0
52.0
56.5
58.0
60.0
50.0
61.0
56.0
54.5
60.0
66.0
61.0
58.0
56.0
58.0
62.0
64.5
62.5
58.5
60.0
57.0
56.5
58.0
, 1977.
Reservoir
Water
Temp .,
°C
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
9.2
10.5
10.0
9.0
9.0
9.5
9.5
9.5
10.0
9.5
9.5
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
9.6
9.5
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.46
0.50
0.48
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.45
0.45
0.42
0.42
0.40
0.30
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.30
0.30
0.35
0.30
0.30
0.35
0.60
0.58
0.60
0.55
0.50
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Elev.,
ft
758.9
758.3
759.1
759.3
758.8
757.7
757.9
758.7
759.8
759.9
759.7
759.3
758.7
759.4
760.5
760.2
754.4
756.0
756.3
756.7
757.3
756.3
755.5
755.5
756.7
757.1
757.7
758.5
759.7
758.6
Regu:
Precip.,
in.
0.48
0.03
0
0.48
0.16
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.06
0.06
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
.ating
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.60
0.60
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.44
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.45
0.40
Basin
Valve #25,
% Open
35
35
75
35
35
35
75
75
75
35
35
35
35
35
20
20
0
20
20
20
20
20
25
75
75
75
75
75
75
35
Total
Flow,
MGD
71
70
71
74
76
78
82
79
69
66
70
71
76
68
40
38
41
51
48
43
42
53
62
77
81
71
80
77
73
71
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF JULY. 1977.
Date Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1 1762.90 2
2 1762.73 7
3 1762.62 10
4 1762.56 0
5 1762.54 0
6 1762.53 6
7 1762.43 6
8 1762.32 0
9 1762.22 2
10 1762.10 4
11 1761.96 0
12 1761.87 3
13 1761.88 0
14 1761.85 3
15 1761.71 4
16 1761.59 2
17 1761.54 2
18 1761.53 4
19 1761.49 6
20 1761.34 3
21 1761.15 0
22 1761.06 2
23 1760.82 2
24 1760.61 4
25 1760.42 3
26 1760.21 4
27 1760.01 0
28 1759.79 3
29 1759.57 2
30 1759.35 5
31 1759.12 5
Wind
Dir.
N
S
NE
-
-
N
N
-
S
sw
-
sw
-
S
NE
S
S
NE
NE
NE
-
NE
N
NE
S
S
-
N
S
S
NE
Note: All readings were
South
Precip
in.
~~0
0.56
0.41
0.40
0.60
0.12
0
0
0.03
0
0.04
0.42
0.16
0
0
0
0.30
0.07
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.12
0.03
Q
0
taken
Fork Tolt Reservoir
., Avg.
Air
Temp
°F
64.0
52.5
52.0
50.0
51.5
52.5
57.0
61.5
59.5
57.0
56.5
54.0
56.5
54.0
59.5
60.5
59.0
52.0
57.0
60.0
63.5
61.0
65.0
69.0
68.0
65.5
60.5
66.0
59.5
62.0
68.5
by the
Water
Max.
Temp ., Turb
or
., ^
10.0
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.5
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
10.0
10.0
11.0
11.0
10.0
10.0
10.5
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
Seattle
NTU
0.50
0.55
0.57
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.50
0.40
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.42
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.55
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.30
Water
Valve #15,
., % Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Regulating
Elev.,
ft
758.6
759.0
760.2
759.3
758.4
759.1
757.6
759.3
759.2
759.3
758.9
759.8
758.3
758.8
759.2
759.6
760.4
759.3
757.9
758.6
759.1
759.8
759.3
759.1
758.8
758.9
759.7
758.5
758.0
757.4
756.8
Department pipeline
Precip.,
in.
0
0.24
0.06
0.42
0.63
0.02
0
0
0
0
0.05
0.27
0.11
0
0
0
0.03
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.04
0.02
0
0
patrolman
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.50
0.45
0.50
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.54
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
75
35
15
15
15
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
0
20
20
20
20
10
15
35
30
15
35
35
35
35
35
35
45
45
45
Total
Flow,
MGD
84
80
54
50
48
44
40
50
52
47
51
41
31
32
40
46
37
31
43
55
62
57
66
65
71
70
58
70
81
80
84
and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED)
w
o
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
South Fork Tolt
Elev.,
ft
1758.89
1758.62
1758.37
1758.09
1757.84
1757.59
1757.30
1757.02
1756.74
1756.45
1756.18
1755.91
1755.62
1755.37
1755.07
1754.78
1754.51
1754.23
1753.93
1753.65
1753.36
1753.06
1752.80
1752.70
1752.71
1752.83
1753.03
1753.20
1753.42
1753.72
1753.85
Wind
Vel.,
mph
7
5
3
0
0
2
6
4
5
6
6
5
6
2
0
3
6
0
0
0
2
3
0
0
7
2
0
12
6
0
0
Wind
Dir.
NE
N
N
-
-
NE
NE
N
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
-
NE
NE
-
-
—
S
SE
-
—
sw
S
—
N
S
—
-
Precip.,
in.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.02
0.10
0.11
1.67
0.94
0.50
0.18
0.09
0.32
0.78
0.05
Avg.
Air
Temp .,
OF
72.0
72.0
72.5
72.5
70.0
71.0
72.0
72.0
68.0
70.0
70.5
72.0
71.0
73.5
69.5
71.5
75.0
60.0
68.0
62.5
63.5
54.5
56.5
54.5
54.0
51.0
52.0
55.0
53.5
49.5
51.5
Reservoir
Water
Temp.,
Ci
11.5
11.5
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.5
12.5
12.0
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.5
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.30
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.42
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.40
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Elev.,
ft
756.0
756.1
756.1
756.2
756.3
756.4
756.5
756.5
756.6
756.9
756.6
756.6
756.9
756.6
756.7
756.7
756.7
756.8
756.9
757.1
* 757.2
758.1
758.7
759.5
759.2
760.5
757.6
754.5
754.6
756.6
759.2
Regul
Precip.,
in.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.03
0.15
1.71
1.19
0.71
0.25
0.19
0.17
0.83
0.03
ating
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.50
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
45
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
75
35
35
0
0
15
35
35
Total
Flow,
MGD
83
84
83
83
83
84
84
84
85
84
84
84
83
88
84
85
85
84
83
84
83
80
79
78
71
59
34
35
33
37
34
Note: All readings were taken by
Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF SEPTEMBER. 1977.
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1753.84 4
1753.92 0
1754.12 0
1754.32 2
1754.61 2
1754.68 3
1754.69 6
1754.71 0
1754.68 2
1754.63 1
1754.54 4
1754.45 4
1754.33 4
1754.29 4
1754.14 0
1753.95 0
1753.84 0
1753.83 8
1753.82 0
1753.81 12
1753.92 0
1754.03 4
1754.04 14
1754.10 6
1754.30 12
1754.36 3
1754.44 9
1754.45 0
1754.46 4
1754.54 0
Wind
Dir.
NE
-
-
S
S
N
NE
-
NE
NE
N
N
N
SW
-
-
—
E
-
S
-
N
NE
S
E
N
NE
-
W
-
South
Precip
in.
0
0
0.46
0.46
0.10
0
0
0.35
0
0
0
0
0
0.02
0.40
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.06
0.72
1.0
0.08
0.16
0.62
0.24
0.13
0
0.20
0.64
0.62
Fork Tolt
., Avg.
Air
Temp .,
OF
55.5
58.0
52.0
61.0
61.0
59.0
59.0
50.5
53.5
51.5
55.0
62.0
65.0
64.0
55.5
52.0
52.5
55.5
52.0
50.5
47.0
48.0
50.5
46.0
48.0
46.5
52.5
52.0
53.5
47.0
Reservoir
Water
Temp .,
°C
—
—
-
-
-
-
—
-
13.0
13.0
12.0
14.0
14.0
14.0
14.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.5
13.0
13.0
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.40
0.40
0.35
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.45
0.50
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.60
0.60
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Regulating
Elev.,
ft
760.4
757.1
754.1
754.4
754.8
754.7
754.9
755.5
756.0
756.5
756.9
757.3
757.6
756.5
757.6
760.3
759.9
758.0
755.0
755.7
756.4
756.7
757,4
758.5
759.4
760.1
758.3
758.6
758.6
758.6
Precip.,
in.
0
0
0.39
0.55
0.05
0
0
0.29
0
0
0
0
0
0.03
0.02
0.02
0
0.03
0.04
0.72
1.50
0.06
0.18
0.52
0.09
0.11
0
0.08
0.43
0.48
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.45
0.50
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.50
0.50
0.50
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
25
0
0
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
35
35
15
0
0
35
15
15
15
15
15
15
0
10
15
15
Total
Flow,
MGD
37
37
36
35
32
35
38
35
37
38
37
36
39
38
37
34
34
31
31
30
27
33
30
26
24
24
27
27
24
24
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF OCTOBER, 1977.
W
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1754.60 6
1754.66 3
1754.65 6
1754.51 18
1754.30 26
1754.10 14
1753.94 2
1753.75 6
1753.62 2
1753.50 20
1753.30 25
1753.10 17
1753.01 0
1752.88 4
1752.68 18
1752.51 4
1752.33 6
1752.13 17
1751.92 0
1751.73 6
1751.51 12
1751.30 22
1751.09 15
1750.90 15
1750.96 5
1751.16 2
1751.20 38
1751.07 12
1750.98 8
1750.90 14
1751.25 0
Wind
Dir.
N
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
SW
S
S
NE
NE
NE
-
NE
NE
N
NE
NE
—
N
NE
NE
SW
NE
NE
SW
NE
NE
NE
S
-
South
Precip
in.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.33
0
0.29
0.03
0
0
0.72
0
0
0.36
0
0
0.02
0
0.05
0
0.36
0.03
0.90
0.65
0
0
0.57
0.86
0.09
Fork Tolt
t Avg.
Air
Temp .,
°F
48.0
50.0
47.5
50.0
47.5
55.0
49.0
51.5
45.0
45.0
47.0
63.5
53.0
52.5
53.5
53.0
52.5
52.0
52.0
44.5
51.0
49.5
50.5
46.0
49.5
47.0
46.0
48.0
48.0
45.0
41.0
Reservoir
Water
Temp.,
C
13.0
13.0
12.5
13.0
13.0
13.0
12.5
13.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
11.5
12.0
12.0
11.5
11.5
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
10.5
Max.
Turb .,
HTU
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.70
0.70
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.70
0.65
0.75
0.70
0.80
0.75
0.70
0.80
0.80
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Elev.,
ft
756.2
752.6
751.7
751.6
752.2
752.7
753.9
751.8
755.2
756.0
756.2
756.8
757.3
757.8
758.2
758.5
758.9
758.7
758.8
758.2
757.2
756.7
757.2
755.2
755.4
756.5
757.0
757.4
758.6
759.6
760.1
Regul
Precip.,
in.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.20
0
0.20
0.02
0
0
0.51
0
0
0.24
0
0
0.03
0
0.04
0
0.20
0
0.73
0.35
0
0
0.41
0.45
0.05
at ing
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.70
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
0
0
15
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
60
60
60
60
60
60
60
Total
Flow,
MGD
34
42
47
58
61
66
59
54
65
59
64
64
61
64
64
57
74
70
71
' 69
78
72
75
77
78
67
77
79
71
72
73
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department
patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF NOVEMBER, 1977.
U)
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1751.40 26
1753.00 7
1753.37 15
1753.39 36
1753.27 22
1753.23 5
1753.45 0
1753.75 7
1754.00 27
1754.80 4
1755.44 20
1755.50 5
1757.14 0
1755.5 12
1755.70 9
1755.63 1
1755.63 0
1755.11 11
1754.52 6
1753.89 35
1753.17 34
1752.55 30
1751.88 9
1751.25 7
1750.62 26
1753.45 8
1753.96 16
1754.42 6
1755.11 3
1755.14 12
Wind
Dir.
SW
SW
NE
NE
NE
NE
-
NE
NE
SW
NE
NE
SE
SW
S
S
-
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
SW
NE
NE
N
SW
SW
NE
South
Precip
in
0.32
0.42
0.03
0.05
0.14
0.26
0.95
0.14
0.18
0.63
0.17
0.36
0.48
0.38
0.41
0.40
0.05
0.27
0
0
0
0
0.03
0.65
0.53
2.10
0.39
0.59
0.86
0
Fork Tolt
., Avg.
Air
Temp.,
°F
44.0
46.5
39.0
39.0
40.5
40.5
38.0
36.5
34.5
44.0
49.0
46.0
43.5
40.5
39.0
38.0
34.5
30.5
29.0
28.0
19.5
18.5
20.0
41.5
42.5
45.5
40.0
41.0
42.0
39.5
Reservoir
Water
Temp.,
\s
10.0
10.0
10.0
9.5
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.0
7.5
7.0
7.0
6.0
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.5
5.0
4.5
5.0
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.80
0.95
1.40
1.20
1.50
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
2.00
1.80
1.90
1.70
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.50
1.80
1.70
1.60
1.60
3.50
2.00
1.80
1.80
1.60
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
30
30
30
30
30
40
40
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
70
Regulating
Elev.,
ft
760.0
757.2
757.0
759.9
760.9
760.9
760.7
758.7
756.4
759.3
760.2
760.3
760.2
760.1
760.1
760.2
760.2
760.2
760.3
760.3
760.1
758.8
755.0
755.0
756.0
757.1
758.2
759.0
760.0
758.0
Precip.,
in.
0.41
0.42
0.04
0.07
0.11
0.31
0.62
0.04
0.15
0.48
0.15
0.25
0.24
0.27
0.34
0.43
0.04
0.07
0
0
0
0
0.40
0.47
0.36
1.45
0.20
0.15
0.34
0
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.80
0.90
0.90
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.05
1.10
1.00
1.00
0.95
0.95
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
1.20
1.10
1.40
1.40
1.30
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
35
15
15
35
35
35
35
0
0
35
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
0
0
15
15
15
15
15
15
0
Total
Flow,
MGD
68
70
54
29
25
26
25
28
24
26
25
26
26
28
27
26
26
25
25
25
27
30
32
35
27
71
26
25
27
26
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF DECEMBER. 1977.
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev.,
ft
1754.65
1758.43
1758.57
1758.10
1757.77
1757.40
1757.70
1757.69
1757.46
1756.62
1758.12
1758.63
1758.18
1758.35
1758.12
1757.90
1757.52
1757.30
1757.14
1755.92
1754.46
1753.07
1751.74
1750.24
1748.23
1748.45
1748.15
1748.84
1747.67
1747.60
1747.57
Wind
Vel.,
mph
9
30
30
6
6
10
2
15
12
4
12
21
3
20
10
3
2
4
0
54
52
15
4
0
2
34
38
42
11
0
30
Wind
Dir.
SW
SW
SW
S
NE
S
S
NW
SE
SW
NE
SW
SW
NE
SW
NE
SW
NE
-
NE
NE
NE
NE
—
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
—
NE
South
Precip
in.
0.70
2.00
0.28
0.46
0.27
0.60
0.32
0.08
0.12
0.67
1.47
1.28
0.50
1.01
0.51
1.60
0.03
0.24
0.22
0
0
0
0
0.10
0.22
0
0
0
0.42
0.28
0
Fork Tolt
•, Avg.
Air
Temp .,
°F
37.5
47.0
45.5
37.0
35.0
37.5
35.0
34.0
33.5
36.5
44.5
48.0
43.5
44.0
43.0
38.5
39.0
33.5
33.5
29.0
39.0
38.0
36.0
38.0
36.5
36.0
29.0
33.0
35.0
34.0
30.5
Reservoir
Water
Temp .,
°C
4.5
4.5
5.0
5.0
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.4
4.0
4.5
4.5
4.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
2.20
3.80
3.20
3.60
3.90
4.60
4.80
5.00
5.00
4.90
4.50
4.60
4.40
4.20
4.00
4.00
3.16
3.50
3.60
5.20
5.80
4.60
4.20
3.90
3.00
3.40
3.40
3.60
3.40
3.40
3.00
Valve #15,
% Open
70
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
75
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
100
100
100
100
100
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
Elev.,
ft
755.9
755.8
756.8
757.9
758.9
758.1
756.3
754.5
752.7
751.5
752.0
750.0
753.1
756.9
759.0
758.9
758.9
759.1
759.5
758.5
758.9
755.0
750.1
748.5
748.0
751.0
751.8
752.8
754.5
756.2
758.1
Regu
Precip .,
in.
0.54
0.77
0.11
0.61
0.24
0.46
0.14
0.10
0.09
0.42
1.29
0.76
0.38
0.71
0.42
1.52
0.02
0.21
0.07
0
0
0
0
0.09
0.11
0
0
0
0.34
0.07
0
la ting
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
1.00
1.00
1.40
1.30
1.30
1.50
1.90
1.80
1.60
2.00
2.00
2.10
2.80
3.60
3.40
4.00
4.90
3.80
3.90
4.00
2.30
4.00
4.20
4.50
4.20
4.00
3.90
3.90
3.80
3.80
3.70
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
0
15
15
15
15
0
0
0
0
15
0
0
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
0
0
35
35
35
35
35
35
35
20
Total
Flow,
MGD
26
27
22
20
19
20
19
20
18
19
20
19
20
18
28
59
68
58
62
69
63
61
64
57
59
56
57
51
46
47
37
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF JANUARY, 1978.
tn
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
South Fork Tolt
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.
mph
1747.46 38
1746.48 37
1747.50 6
1748.12 15
1749.36 12
1749.68 7
1749.20 24
1748.85 29
1749.47 45
1749.72 4
1749.90 0
1749.55 6
1748.88 42
1748.51 46
1748.29 19
1748.24 30
1748.14 6
1748.04 18
1747.91 14
1747.78 6
1747.80 2
1748.03 7
1748.09 4
1748.05 4
1747.99 6
1748.24 6
1748.36 4
1748.38 11
1748.37 0
1748.36 26
1748.32 22
Wind
Dir.
NE
NE
NE
NW
SE
NW
NE
NE
SE
SE
-
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
N
SW
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
-
NE
NE
Precip .,
in.
0
0
1.10
1.10
0.70
0.73
0.22
0.97
0.08
0.10
0.08
0.18
0.26
0.35
0.04
0
0.02
0.05
0.02
0.07
0.70
0.40
Oo20
0
0.02
1.46
0.19
0.01
0.20
0
0.04
Avg.
Air
Temp .,
OF
24.5
27.5
25.0
41.5
43.0
39.0
41.5
38.0
40.5
42.0
41.5
36.5
40.0
40.0
43.5
41.0
41.0
40.0
43.0
44.0
41.5
39.0
36.0
34.0
40.0
36.0
36.0
38.5
37.0
38.0
35.0
Reservoir
Water
Temp .,
QC
2.0
1.5
1.5
3.0
2.0
2.0
1.5
1.5
3.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.5
2.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
-
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
6.0
4.0
4.0
3.8
3.8
3.5
3.0
3.2
3.2
2.9
2.8
3.5
3.4
3.6
3.5
3.6
3.4
3.2
3.1
3.2
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.4
-
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.2
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
50
50
50
0
0
0
50
50
20
20
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Regulating
Elev.,
ft
759.9
758.0
755.4
755.9
756.8
756.9
758.8
759.7
760.1
758.3
755.9
753.8
754.1
757.0
760.0
758.0
758.0
758.7
759.5
760.1
758.0
755.9
756.1
757.4
759.0
757.3
757.2
758.4
759.9
760.5
760.2
Precip.,
in.
0
0
0.78
0.53
0.40
0.43
0.30
1.16
0.05
0.08
0.03
0.19
0.13
0.08
0
0
0.02
0.04
0.02
0.02
0.56
0.26
0.16
0
0.02
1.22
0.22
0.03
0.05
0
0.05
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
3.7
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.7
3.7
3.6
3.6
3.6
3.5
3.4
3.3
3.3
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.2
3.1
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.4
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.4
2.0
2.1
2.1
Basin
Valve #25,
% Open
20
0
0
15
15
15
15
15
15
0
0
0
15
35
35
0
15
15
15
15
0
0
15
20
15
0
15
20
20
20
15
Total
Flow,
MGD
27
23
27
28
28
27
25
25
24
26
25
25
26
26
25
24
26
26
24
27
25
25
24
26
25
23
23
28
31
25
26
Note: All readings were taken by
Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
U)
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED)
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
MONTH
OF FEBRUARY, 1
978.
South Fork Tolt Reservoir
Elev ., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1748.45 26
1748.63 6
1749.00 6
1749.49 38
1749.73 39
1750.07 10
1750.32 22
1750.26 10
1750.90 6
1749.35 4
1749.60 0
1748.93 46
1748.73 22
1748.52 12
1748.34 0
1748.17 6
1748.13 8
1748.15 4
1748.17 4
1748.19 14
1748.19 3
1748.20 4
1748.37 0
1748.69 22
1748.77 21
1748.81 0
1748.84 4
1748.90 12
Wind
Dir.
NE
SW
SW
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
-
NE
NE
NE
-
NE
NE
S
N
NE
NE
NE
-
NE
NE
—
NE
SW
Precip
in.
0.26
0.86
0.70
0.04
0.02
0.60
0.05
0.68
0.42
0.23
0.07
0
0.04
0
0.26
0.03
0
0.20
0.38
0
0
0.01
0.31
0.12
0.18
0.42
0
0.47
., Avg. Water
Air Temp .,
Temp ., °C
OF
35.0 2.0
35.0 2.0
41.0 2.0
42.5 2.0
52.5 2.0
46.0 2.0
44.0 2.0
43.0 2.0
40.5 2.0
37.0 3.0
36.0 3.0
33.5 2.5
35.5 3.0
40.0 3.0
37.0 3*0
37.0 3.0
39.0 3.0
39.0 2.5
40.5 2.5
49.0 3.0
50.0 3.0
47.0 3.0
49.0 4.0
42.0 4.0
39.5 3.0
41.0 3.0
35.0 3.0
35.0 3.0
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
2.0
2.0
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.5
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.4
2.2
2.1
2.0
2.0
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.6
1.5
1.5
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
20
30
50
50
0
15
15
15
15
15
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Elev.,
ft
758.1
756.1
757.0
757.7
758.3
759.1
759.5
760.4
757.7
755.6
756.4
757.4
758.0
758.8
758.7
760.3
758.2
756.0
757.2
758.4
759.3
759.9
758.8
757.0
757.0
758.0
759.0
759.9
Regu]
Precip.,
in.
0.26
0.48
0.39
0.02
0
0.46
0.02
0.42
0.36
0.04
0.02
0
0
0
0.28
0
0.03
0.17
0.24
0
0
0.01
0.18
0.11
0.17
0.29
0
0.18
.ating
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
2.0
2.2
2.7
2.6
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.6
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.3
2.2
2.4
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.2
2.1
2.2
2.2
2.0
1.9
1.9
1.7
1.7
1.7
1.8
Basin
Valve #25,
% Open
0
0
15
20
20
15
15
15
0
0
15
15
15
15
15
15
0
0
15
15
15
15
0
0
15
15
15
15
Total
Flow,
MGD
27
24
22
25
26
25
28
22
25
26
25
24
24
27
25
24
24
24
23
23
24
29
19
17
31
28
23
25
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF MARCH, 1978.
U)
-j
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1748.90 12
1748.95 30
1748.93 26
1748.87 28
1748.80 0
1748.74 8
1748.84 16
1749.13 6
1749.22 4
1749.25 4
1749.25 0
1749.28 0
1749.29 14
1749.42 0
1749.48 4
1749.47 12
1749.47 6
1749.47 9
1749.50 3
1749.53 4
1749.65 4
1748.68 6
1749.74 8
1750.17 4
1750.83 3
1751.79 0
1752.56 8
1752.53 4
1752.92 6
1753.12 0
1753.40 14
Wind
Dir.
NE
NE
NE
NE
-
NE
NE
NE
SW
NE
-
-
SW
-
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
SW
S
-
SW
NE
NE
-
NE
South
Precip
in.
0.23
0
0
0.08
0
0
0.44
0.56
0.04
0
0.11
0.30
0.10
0.74
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.04
1.21
0.77
0.87
0.08
0.29
0.15
0.02
0.47
Fork Tolt
., Avg.
Air
Temp .,
op
34.0
35.5
35.0
35.5
41.5
39.0
44.5
42.5
46.0
40.0
44.5
39.0
38.0
37.0
37.0
42.0
47.0
51.5
53.5
41.0
51.0
53.0
52.0
43.5
44.5
44.5
43.5
47.0
44.0
50.0
39.5
Reservoir
Water
Temp.,
°C
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.8
2.8
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.2
3.2
3.0
3.0
3.0
5.0
3.0
4.0
4.0
4.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
Max.
Turb.,
NTD
1.40
1.40
1.60
1.60
1.60
1.40
1.40
1.50
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.30
1.20
1.00
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.30
1.40
1.40
1.20
1.40
1.30
1.30
1.20
1.30
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Regulating
Elev.,
ft
760.3
758.2
758.5
759.6
760.2
760.3
758.3
756.2
757.2
758.2
759.3
760.2
760.4
758.0
758.9
759.7
759.6
759.8
760.2
760.2
757.4
758.0
759.6
760.2
758.1
758.1
758.9
759.6
758.2
758.9
759.6
Precip.,
in.
0.18
0
0
0.07
0
0
0.42
0.36
0.08
0
0.05
0.28
0.12
0.49
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.05
0.66
0.58
0.84
0.05
0.33
0.14
0.07
0.20
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.70
1.70
1.70
1.50
1.50
1.40
1.00
1.60
1.80
1.70
1.70
0.17
1.60
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.40
1.30
1.30
1.30
1.30
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
15
0
15
15
15
15
0
15
15
15
15
15
15
0
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
0
0
15
15
15
15
15
15
Total
Flow,
MGD
24
24
24
24
26
24
25
22
24
24
23
23
23
25
26
26
31
41
25
28
32
23
20
31
24
25
27
26
24
25
25
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED)
U)
CO
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1753.53 2
1753.75 2
1754.01 6
1755.11 3
1754.28 8
1754.40 8
1754.47 4
1754.52 2
1754.55 4
1754.53 8
1754.52 6
1754.49 3
1754.43 3
1754.35 6
1754.22 0
1754.11 0
1754.05 6
1753.97 6
1753.93 0
1753.98 6
1754.02 3
1754.10 4
1754.44 4
1754.54 22
1754.56 3
1754.84 4
1755.12 3
1755.55 -
1755.84 2
1755.92 2
Wind
Dir.
S
N
NE
NE
SW
NE
NE
E
NE
NE
SW
NE
NE
NE
-
-
NE
NE
-
NE
NE
E
E
NE
NE
NE
SW
Calm
S
W
South For
Precip.,
in.
0.05
0.36
0.42
0.30
0.66
0.09
0
0.03
0
0
0.51
0
0
0.05
0.23
0.68
0.63
0.27
0.20
0.64
0.23
0.36
0.76
0
0
0.12
0.98
0.13
0.02
0
k Dolt
Avg.
Air
Temp .,
OF
49.0
40.5
41.0
45.0
37.0
39.0
44.0
48.0
45.0
51.0
52.0
42.5
48.0
43.0
43.5
44.5
35.0
42.5
46.5
44.0
41.0
40.5
39.0
47.0
53.0
57.0
47.0
45.0
41.5
49.0
Reservoir
Water
Temp .,
°C
5.5
5.5
5.0
6.0
6.0
5.0
5.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.5
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
7.0
7.5
7.5
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.40
1.40
1.30
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.20
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.10
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.90
1.00
1.00
0.90
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.70
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Elev.,
ft
760.2
758.1
755.9
756.6
757.5
758.4
758.5
757.2
755.8
755.8
756.4
756.0
755.0
754.3
755.2
756.1
757.0
757.8
758.7
759.5
758.7
759.4
755.6
758.4
760.7
758.4
759.6
758.3
756.0
757.0
Regu
Precip.,
in.
0.05
0.16
0.25
0.22
0.42
0.09
0
0.03
0
0
0.44
0
0
0.05
0.22
0.56
0.49
0.25
0.42
0.52
0.16
0.23
0.60
0
0
0.08
0.83
0.10
0.09
0
lating
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
1.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.1
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.0
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.90
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.80
0.75
0.60
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.80
0.80
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
15
0
15
15
15
15
15
15
25
25
35
35
35
45
75
75
75
75
75
75
35
35
0
35
0
15
15
0
0
15
Total
Flow,
MGD
28
25
23
25
24
25
30
50
54
53
58
64
78
79
79
75
73
78
75
78
77
71
53
33
29
25
22
22
25
21
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF MAY. 1978.
u>
South Fork Tolt
Date Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1 1755.98 -
2 1756.00 -
3 1756.04 3
4 1756.24 0
5 1756.30 -
6 1756.32 6
7 1756.32 4
8 1756.32 8
9 1756.43 -
10 1756.50 3
11 1756.76 12
12 1757.05 3
13 1757.32 8
14 1757.70 12
15 1758.12 -
16 1758.55 5
17 1759.04 6
18 1759.38 6
19 1759.50 10
20 1759.62 12
21 1759.73 10
22 1759.83 6
23 1759.89 -
24 1759.89 3
25 1759.87 4
26 1759.86 3
27 1759.92 2
28 1760.20 2
29 1760.37 3
30 1760.47 8
31 1760.48 6
Wind
Dir.
Calm
Calm
SW
-
Calm
E
NE
NE
Calm
SW
SW
SW
N
NE
Calm
SW
SW
NE
NE
E
SW
SW
Calm
NE
SW
NE
E
S
SW
NE
NE
Precip.,
in.
0
0.05
0.29
0.43
0.10
0
0
0
0
0.31
1.06
0.08
0.32
0.71
0.62
0.73
0.52
0.03
0
0
0
0.10
0.33
0
0
0.14
0.33
0.44
0.55
0
0
Avg.
Air
Temp .,
°F
48.0
48.0
41.0
40.0
41.0
47.5
51.5
54.0
57.0
45.0
50.0
46.5
51.5
46.5
45.0
44.0
45.0
48.0
58.0
65.0
62.5
48.0
44.0
49.0
49.0
50.5
50.5
47.5
45.0
47.0
54.0
Reservoir
Water
Temp .,
°C
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.5
8.0
8.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
8.0
8.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
8.0
8.5
9.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
8.0
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.70
0.80
0.70
0.60
0.70
0.35
0.30
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.70
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.60
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.60
0.55
0.55
0.55
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Regulating
Elev.v
ft
757.7
758.8
760.1
757.9
758.6
759.4
760.0
760.1
757.4
758.3
759.3
760.0
757.9
758.8
759.7
760.2
757.7
755.3
757.2
757.9
757.8
758.4
758.8
759.2
759.3
759.7
757.0
757.9
759.0
759.6
759.9
Precip .,
in.
0
0.01
0.31
0.39
0.19
0
0
0
0
0.28
0.49
0.03
0.26
0.33
0.42
0.36
0.16
0.03
0
0
0
0.01
0.32
0
0
0.04
0.29
0.21
0.26
0
0
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.80
0.70
0.65
0.65
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
15
15
0
15
15
15
15 -
0
15
15
15
0
0
15
15
0
0
15
25
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
0
15
15
15
15
Total
Flow,
MGD
25
29
28
25
26
25
27
31
32
27
25
27
27
23
23
27
26
30
30
32
35
29
29
28
31
30
33
27
21
27
32
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF JUNE, 1978.
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1760.48 8
1760.59 10
1760.57 4
1760.57 6
1760.56 8
1760.49 8
1760.33 3
1760.15 0
1760.06 14
1760.16 0
1760.17 10
1760.15 8
1760.13 0
1760.18 4
1760.33 4
1760.53 -
1760.53 2
1760.57 0
1760.54 -
1760.49 6
1760.34 0
1760.17 6
1760.13 4
1760.03 0
1759.94 9
1759.86 4
1759.75 10
1759.56 8
1759.37 0
1759.22 3
Wind
Dir.
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
—
SW
-
NE
W
-
NE
SW
Calm
NE
—
Calm
NE
—
SW
SW
—
—
NE
NE
NE
—
SW
South
Precip
in.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.11
0.11
0
0.43
0.23
0.23
0.34
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.29
0.03
0
0
0
0.54
Fork To It
., Avg.
Air
Temp.,
60.0
67.5
81.0
72.0
72.5
69.0
66.0
51.0
60.0
50.5
51.0
58.0
54.0
52.0
54.0
50.0
51.5
60.5
60.0
62.0
65.0
59.0
58.0
61.0
55.5
53.0
63.0
72.5
72.0
55.0
Reservoir
Water
Temp .,
°C
9.0
9.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.5
9.0
0.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.5
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.5
10.0
9.5
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.55
0.55
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.55
0.55
0.50
0.50
0.55
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Regulating
Elev.,
ft
759.9
757.2
757.2
756.4
755.7
756.0
756.8
758.7
760.2
757.3
758.8
757.9
759.5
760.0
757.2
757.8
758.5
758.9
758.9
757.7
758.0
760.3
758.4
757.6
757.1
757.0
755.5
755.5
755.6
757.6
Precip.,
in.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.36
0.02
0.09
0
0.40
0.22
0.43
0.11
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.14
0.02
0
0
0
0.32
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.35
0.35
0.35
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
0
25
25
25
35
75
75
75
0
0
15
25
15
0
20
20
20
20
20
30
70
0
15
20
20
20
35
75
75
35
Total
Flow,
MGD
36
47
55
53
69
77
76
64
53
37
33
32
37
31
33
36
42
37
45
60
60
65
49
56
56
50
60
76
81
70
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF JULY, 1978.
Date Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1 1759.03 3
2 1758.90 0
3 1758.84 5
4 1758.89 6
5 1758.90 3
6 1758.87 6
7 1758.78 -
8 1758.64 2
9 1758.48 0
10 1758.33 15
11 1758.31 3
12 1758.27 4
13 1758.20 8
14 1758.03 11
15 1757.83 2
16 1757.66 2
17 1757.65 3
18 1757.65 0
19 1757.63 3
20 1757.57 4
21 1757.33 9
22 1757.10 8
23 1756.86 12
24 1756.62 0
25 1756.37 9
26 1756.16 9
27 1756.08 -
28 1756.06 2
29 1755.95 6
30 1755.76 9
31 1755.55 0
Wind
Dir.
S
-
SW
sw
SW
NE
Calm
S
-
S
SW
NE
NE
NE
N
SW
S
_
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
—
NE
NE
Calm
S
NE
NE
-
South
Precip
in.
0
1.39
0.17
0.45
0.12
0
0
0
0.02
0.15
0.21
0.03
0
0
0
0.27
0.62
0.02
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.98
0
0
0
0
Fork Tolt
., Avg.
Air
Temp.,
°F
63.5
65.0
54.0
51.5
49.5
56.0
62.5
62.5
54.0
52.5
52.5
51.0
47.0
70.5
71.0
62.5
51.0
54.5
55.5
60.0
62.0
66.0
80.0
70.0
70.5
74.0
66.0
61.0
62.0
69.0
67.0
Reservoir
Water
Temp .,
°C
9.5
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.5
9.5
9.5
9.0
9.0
9.0
9.5
10.0
10.0
10.0
9.0
9.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
11.0
10.0
10.5
10.0
10.0
10.0
10.0
11.0
10.0
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.25
0.30
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.65
0.65
0.65
0.65
0.60
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.40
0.40
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.65
0.60
0.40
0.40
0.60
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Regulating
Elev.,
ft
758.5
759.6
760.7
757.7
757.3
757.7
756.6
758.2
757.3
759.5
758.3
758.3
757.7
757.3
757.5
759.2
760.3
759.4
757.4
758.3
758.3
759.0
758.8
758.8
759.9
759.0
760.3
757.2
757.4
757.9
757.5
Precip .,
in.
0
0.79
0.06
0.18
0.06
0
0
0
0
0.22
0.08
0.01
0
0
0
0.26
0.56
0.01
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.89
0
0
0
0
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.35
0.35
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.45
0.50
0.45
0.45
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
Basin
Valve #25,
% Open
75
75
0
15
15
20
20
35
35
35
0
15
15
35
35
35
30
15
0
35
35
75
75
75
75
35
35
0
20
35
35
Total
Flow,
MGD
68
69
53
33
38
37
56
66
54
49
27
30
39
62
71
56
34
32
25
51
59
74
75
92
74
74
62
38
35
46
67
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED)
to
Date Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1 1755.32 0
2 1755.12 0
3 1754.95 0
4 1754.77 0
5 1754.60 5
6 1754.40 6
7 1754.22 4
8 1753.95 12
9 1753.67 5
10 1753.37 0
11 1753.09 2
12 1752.90 0
13 1752.74 4
14 1752.59 2
15 1752.72 8
16 1753.28 10
17 1753.66 3
18 1753,70 0
19 1753.74 0
20 1753.81 0
21 1753.84 0
22 1753.83 3
23 1753.78 12
24 1753.72 11
25 1753.65 5
26 1753.57 4
27 1753.51 8
28 1753.51 4
29 1753.51 8
30 1753.44 0
31 1753.33 2
Wind
Dir.
-
-
-
-
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
-
NW
-
sw
sw
sw
sw
sw
—
—
—
—
sw
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
NE
—
SE
South
Precip
in.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.50
0.60
0.24
0.03
1.30
0.71
0.12
0.04
0.56
0.02
0.06
0
0.06
0.14
0.22
0.31
0
0.04
0
0
0.59
Fork Tolt
•, Avg.
Air
Temp.,
OF
62.0
61.5
64.0
67.0
63.5
61.5
71.0
73.0
75.5
71.0
70.5
56.5
59.0
60.0
53.5
54.0
54.0
56.0
55.5
51.5
57.5
59.0
59.0
59.0
55.0
57.0
60.5
62.0
53.0
73.0
63.5
Reservoir
Water
Temp.,
°C
10.0
10.0
10.0
11.0
10.5
10.5
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
10.5
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
11.0
12.0
11.6
11.0
11.0
12.5
13.0
12.0
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.65
0.40
0.40
0.60
0.65
0.65
0.70
0.70
0.40
0.40
0.75
0.75
0.90
0.85
0.85
2.00
0.50
0.70
0.70
0.65
0.70
0.65
0.40
0.40
0.65
0.70
0.70
0.70
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Regulating
Elev.,
ft
758.2
759.4
759.3
758.1
757.1
755.7
756.2
754.6
754.0
754.1
756.8
758.8
760.0
759.2
758.8
759.9
758.3
758.5
759.6
760.0
758.7
758.5
757.8
757.1
758.5
760.2
760.3
758.1
754.9
754.6
755.5
Precip .,
in.
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.01
0.35
0.20
0.02
1.06
0.63
0.05
0.01
0.53
0.03
0.03
0
0.03
0.12
0.11
0.29
0
0.03
0
0
0.12
Max.
Turb .,
NTU
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.50
0.50
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.60
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.40
Basin
Valve #25
% Open
35
35
20
20
20
30
30
75
75
75
75
30
20
20
20
20
0
20
20
0
15
15
15
15
25
15
0
0
0
20
30
Total
Flow,
MGD
57
56
49
61
59
64
67
79
92
92
60
51
42
49
63
41
25
36
36
40
43
42
43
48
39
37
33
20
35
45
50
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-2 (CONTINUED) MONTH OF SEPTEMBER, 1978.
U)
Date
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Elev., Wind
ft Vel.,
mph
1753.39 4
1754.00 0
1754.22 4
1754.42 12
1754.56 4
1754.68 2
1754.76 0
1754.79 8
1754.80 10
1754.83 4
1755.01 0
1755.22 2
1755.25 0
1755.23 3
1755.24 0
1755.39 5
1755.64 0
1755.73 2
1755.83 8
1755.87 10
1755.98 8
1756.18 6
1757.75 8
1757.89 6
1757.56 12
1757.23 8
1757.00 4
1756.37 9
1755.56 5
1754.72 4
Wind
Dir.
NW
—
NE
NE
S
S
-
NE
NE
SW
—
N
_
N
—
SW
—
w
NE
N
S
SW
NE
NE
NE
NE
SW
E
NE
S
South
Precip
in.
0.90
0.93
0.13
0.28
0.50
1.36
0.13
0.05
0.24
0.75
0.59
0.06
0.01
0
1.10
0.10
0.66
0.21
0
0
0.59
0.67
1.95
0.30
0
0
0.20
0.08
0.03
0.01
Fork Tolt
., Avg.
Air
Temp .,
°F
57.0
56.5
56.5
56.5
52.0
49.0
51.5
50.5
50.5
55.0
54.0
54.0
55.5
51.5
51.5
50.0
51.0
44.0
48.0
50.5
46.0
43.0
51.0
54.0
59.5
65.5
62.0
58.0
54.0
62.0
Reservoir
Water
Temp.,
°C
13.0
12.5
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
13.5
12.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
13.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
12.0
13.0
Max.
Turb.,
NTU
0.75
0.40
0.50
0.70
0.70
0.07
0.70
0.75
0.60
0.60
0.80
0.75
0.75
0.75
0.70
0.95
0.85
0.75
0.70
0.70
0.65
0.70
1.50
0.60
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
0.90
Valve #15,
% Open
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
50
50
50
Regulating^
Elev.,
ft
758.1
759.8
760.2
758.1
758.9
758.7
758.3
757.5
758.4
759.4
760.1
756.6
757.1
758.9
760.4
760.1
760.3
760.1
760.1
760.3
757.9
759.2
760.4
760.4
760.2
760.5
760.5
760.3
759.9
760.2
Precip.,
in.
0.77
0.72
0.07
0.29
0.45
0.41
0.05
0.03
0.23
0.52
0.43
0.03
0.02
0
0.95
0.17
0.57
0.08
0
0
0.27
0.46
1.67
0.19
0
0
0.18
0.06
0.02
0.05
Max .
Turb .,
NTU
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.40
0.60
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.70
0.60
0.60
Basin
Valve #25,
% Open
30
15
0
0
15
15
15
15
25
25
25
0
20
20
20
15
15
15
15
15
0
20
20
20
20
35
35
15
15
15
Total
Flow,
MGD
40
26
26
24
27
28
34
47
44
50
42
45
43
32
28
40
28
26
31
43
30
31
32
29
37
39
38
31
34
33
Note: All readings were taken by the Seattle Water Department pipeline patrolman and are not official.
-------
APPENDIX B-3
SUMMARY OF INFORMATION ON GRANULAR MEDIA FILTERS
Pages 45 through 48 contain information supplied by the manufacturers on
the granular media filters. The graphs on pages 49 through 56 present
filter efficiency information for various medias as a function of filter
loading rate.
44
-------
COMFAIMV
* O'VfSlOM Of THE *AIJLMAN COMPA*
,415 E Paces Ferry Road NE
Uniform Dual Media
TEST FILTER BED RECOMMENDATION
P C Box
Atlanta Georgr? 30305
404 262-3491
FOR: Greg Kirmeyer
Seattle Water Department^
1509 South Spokane Street~__
Seattlej Washington 98144 "
John Marshall
SHIPPED TO:
Seattle Water Department
2700 Airport Way South
Seattle. Washington
The following recommendations are made with the best information available at the time. Specific applications
may result in various solids loading and filtration characteristics which may necessitate a change in filter bed. For
this reason, we request the individual responsible for conducting filtration tests provide periodic data to The Tur-
bitrol Company for complete evaluation. Based on subsequent test analysis and results Turbitrol engineers may
recommend changes in filter media bed design or gradation.
Based on the information supplied to Turbitrol the intended filter bed will be utilized for the following test filter
description:
Surface area . 11 sq. ft. Avg. rate of flow 4
popth t"p o* filter hnttnm to harkwash Max rate of flow, , "•>
overflow ft in Allowable hearting "
Filter Bottom
Application- Asbestos Removal
The following loadings are expected:
Turhirlity 71 . .IMTU Particle Size
-------
/COMRAIMV
A DIVISION OF THE TAULMAN CO
415 E Paces Ferry Road. N E
Uniform Dual Media
SCREEN ANALYSIS
P O Box 12047
Atlanta. Georgia 30355
404/262-3491
CQ/3L
„„„,.. ru**ITRGL 1S4S- UM
TR - ; .C V T# / 9
"^ P AT"t 1 C- VlCTT P P PJ? f-T
1 (Vafinn ^JC.*"J f * i f*" ' ^-*"'. Ljt.^' I
Test P«rfnrm.»4 py
ANALYSIS
SAMPLE 1
0
OPG
MM
4.760
4.000
3.360
2.830
2.380
2.000
1.680
1.410
1.190
1.000
.840
.710
.590
.500
.420
.350
.297
.250
U.S.
NO.
4
5
6
7
a
10
12
14
16
20
25
30
40
45
50
60
TOTAL
SAMPLE 1
TUP&KOL.
SAMPLE
WEIGHT
PERCENT
PERCENT
CUMULATIVE
WEIGHT
1
3"
jA(
0
SAMPLE 2
7UR&I S.AMT)
SAMPLE
WEIGHT
PERCENT
PERCENT
CUMULATIVE
WEIGHT
3.
ICO
67 8 10 12
U. S. SCREEN SIZE
14 16 18 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60
>
.5 1 .9 .8 .7 .6 .5
PARTICLE SIZE (MM)
.3 .2
46
-------
cc-
cc
AIMM
« DIVISION W T»e TIULIUN COMP»lv
415 E Paces Ferry Road. N E
Uniform Dual Media
SCREEN ANALYSIS
P O Box 12047
Atlanta. Georgia 30355
404/262-3491
s.mnl. „, TURBIVCAL HOO ilDNft
,~»rm SEATTLE \UA<,*\ .
Test P.rtarmoH B
p«^ 1^—3^-77
ANALYSIS
SAMPLE 1
* Q* %.QHEATEfl THAN ' ' OP mm
\*^ -,r«TMAN l.re>
I . i
SAMPLE 2
MCBEATERTHAN mm
EFFECTIVE SI2E nn.
TYLER
EQUIV.
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
12
14
16
10
>4
12
15
42
48
liO
OPG
MM
4.760
4.000
3.360
2830
2.380
2.000
t 680
1.410
1 190
1.000
.840
.710
.590
.500
.420
.350
.297
.250
U.S.
NO.
4
6
7
8
10
12
16
20
30
40
45
SO
60
TOTAL
~HJR
SAMPLE
WEIGHT
SAMPLE 1
BlKOL.
PERCENT
PERCENT
CUMULATIVE
WEIGHT
I
VTS
C
3—
*
SAMPLE 2
SAMPLE
WEIGHT
PERCENT
PERCENT
CUMULATIVE
WEIGHT
100
567
U. S. SCREEN SIZE
8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25
30
40 45 50 60
IU
>
1.5 1 .9 -8
PARTICLE SIZE (MM)
.6 .5 .4
.3 .2
47
-------
MIXED MEDIA INFORMATION
FURNISHED BY NEPTUNE-MICROFLOC
Coal MS-4
Specific Gravity: Not less than 1.55
Uniformity Coef ficient *=1. 7
Effective Size 1.0 - 1.1
Sand MS-6 MS-18
Specific Gravity: 2.6 + 0.05 2.6 + 0.05
Uniformity Coefficient -<1.8 1.4
Effective Size 0.42 - 0.55 0.42 - 0.52
Garnet MS-21
Specific Gravity: Not less than 3.8
Effective Size 0.18 - 0.32
Support High Density Media MS-22
Specific Gravity: Not less than 3.8
Effective Size 1.4 - 2.5
48
-------
COLUMN MM
to
U
F
R
V
Q
A
L
X
F
T
2
X
R
U
N
S000-T-
7500-
7000-
QS00--
5000
3500--
5000--
-4S00--
4SXSSB—
3B00--
DATA FROM FILTER RUNS #139, flUQ, i»Wl, #
, #153, #156, #157 AND #161,
(SEE PAGE 53 OF THE MAIN TEXT AND APPENDIX A-3.)
x
x
X
X
V = B020 - 1S7X
iiHiiiiHnniiiiiniiiiHiiiiinHiiiiiiniiii
S 6 7 S
FILTER LOADING RATE GFM/FT2
FIGURE B3-1, UFRV vs, FILTER LOADING RATE - COLUMN f
-------
COLUMN FC
U
F
R
V
S
A
L
/
F
T
a
x
R
U
N
3000*
7300--
7000-
BS00-
3000—-
5300--
S000--
4S00--
4000-
3300
DATA FROM FILTER RUNS #139, #140, #141, #145, #147, #153, #156, #157 AND #161,
(SEE PAGE 53 OF THE MAIN TEXT AND APPENDIX A-3.)
X
X
X
X
X
X
Y a S4.4-2 - 4-88X
iiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiniiiHiiiiini
4. 5 6 7 8 a 10
FILTER LOADING RATE GFM/FT2
FIGURE B3-2, UFRV vs, FILTER LOADING RATE - COLUMN FC.
-------
COLUMN CC
U
F
R
V
Q
A
U
/
F
T
a
/
R
U
N
8000-1-
7300
DATA FROM FILTER RUNS #139, #140, #141, #145, #147, #153, #156, #157 AND #161,
(SEE PAGE 53 OF THE MAIN TEXT AND APPENDIX A-3.)
x
3000--
4S00--
4000- -
3S00--
X
iiiiMiiiiMiiiniHiiiniiiiiiiniiimiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiii
4- S 8 7 8 a 10
FILTER LOADING RATE SPMXFT2
FIGURE B3-3. UFRV vs, FILTER LOADING RATE - COLUMN CC,
-------
COLUMN ALL
DATA FROM ALL FILTER RUNS
LISTED IN APPENDIX A-3.
UI
to
U
F
R
V
Q
A
L
/
F
T
R
U
N
MMIIIIIMIMIIIMIIIIIIIilllllHIIIilllllUIIHIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIII
S B 7 8
FILTER LOADING RATE GFM/FT2
FIGURE 63-^, UFRV vs, FILTER LOADING RATE - ALL COLUMNS COMBINED.
-------
COLUMN MM
en
u>
U
A
T
E
R
O
D
U
C
r
i
o
N
Q
A
L
/
a
4-
M
O
U
R
S
12000-
11300-
11000-
10500--
10000--
Q000- -
8300--
7S00-
7000-
esexzt-
5500--
DATA FROM FILTER RUNS #139, #140, #141, #145, #147, #153,
" #156, #157 AND #161. (SEE PAGE 53 OF THE MAIN TEXT AND
APPENDIX A-3.)
V o la? 4- 1323X
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIil
4- SB 7 8
FILTER LOADING RATE SPMXFT2
FIGURE B3-5, NET WATER PRODUCED vs. FILTER LOADING RATE - COLUMN MM.
-------
COLUMN FC
en
W
A
T
E
R
F
R
O
D
U
C
T
t
D
N
Q
A
L
X
H
O
U
R
3
12000-r-
11S00--
11000--
10500- -
10000--
S000--
es00--
6000*
7300.
7000-
DATA FROM FILTER RUNS #139, fWO, fl41, £W5, ^147, #153,
#156, #157 AND #161, (SEE PAGE 53 OF THE MAIN TEXT AND
APPENDIX A-3.)
V B 131 4- 132eX
innmiiiiinniiiiiniiiiiiiiiniiiiHiiiiiiiiiniiiin
3 B 7 8
FILTER LOADING RATE QPMXFT2
FIGURE B3-6, NET WATER PRODUCED vs, FILTER LOADING RATE - COLUMN FC,
10
-------
COLUMN CC
tn
W
A
T
E
R
r
R
O
D
U
C
T
£
O
N
Q
A
L
/
2
4-
H
O
U
R
S
12000- -
11300- -
11000- -
10S00--
10000- -
SS00--
S000- -
8500--
7S00-
7000-
BS00"
6000"
SS00-
DATA FROM FILTER RUNS #139, mo, #141, )«145, #M7,
#156, #157 AND #161, (See PAGE 53 OF THE MAIN TEXT AND
APPENDIX A-3.)
x
Y a 3S7 4- 1283X
iimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiHiHiiniiinmniiHuiiiiiitin
4- s e 7 s a
FILTER LOADING RATE QPM/FTS
FIGURE B3-7. NET WATER PRODUCED vs, FILTER LOADING RATE - COLUMN CC,
10
-------
COLUMN ALL
01
U
A
T
El
R
r
R
O
D
U
C
T
I
O
N
S
A
L
S
a
•4-
H
O
U
R
S
12000 -r
HS00-
U000--
10500- -
10000-
S000-4-
7300-
7000-
6S00-
SS00--
DATA FROM ALL FILTER RUNS LISTED
IN APPENDIX A-3,
X
Y es BBS 4-
IIKIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIinilllMIIII
4. S B 7 S Q 10
FILTER LOADING RATE
FIGURE B3-8, &[ET WATER PRODUCED vs, FILTER LOADING RATE - ALL COLUMNS COMBINED,
-------
APPENDIX B-4
MICROGRAPHS OF ASBESTOS FIBERS
Figure B4-1. Amphibole fiber in raw water.
(magnification 31,500x)
-------
Figure B4-2. Electron diffraction dot pattern.
-------
c
Jferf
Figure B4-3. Amphibole fiber in raw water.
(magnification 30,450x)
Figure B4-4. X-ray analysis of anthophyllite fiber.
59
-------
Figure B4-5. Electron diffraction dot pattern for chrysotile fiber.
%
#
Figure B4-6. Two chrysotile fibers and a possible amphibole.
(magnification 31,500x)
60
-------
Figure B4-7. Chrysotile fiber in raw water.
(magnification 34,000x)
Figure B4-8.
Bundle of chrysotile fibers in raw water.
(magnification 34,000x)
61
-------
... -f
Figure B4-9. Amphibole tiber in raw water.
(magnification 28,350x)
Figure B4-10. Chrysotile fiber in raw water.
(magnification 28,350x)
62
-------
Figure B4-11. Bundle of chrysotile fibers in finished water.
(magnification 28,300x)
63
-------
APPENDIX B-5
PARTICLE COUNT DATA
Run #3
Raw Water Turbidity = 1.4
Raw Water Particle Count = 4575
Hour Into Run
6
8
10
12
14
Finished Water
Turbidity
(NTU)
0.10
0.10
0.4
2,0
2.5
Particle Count
(#/ml)
43 '
146
2126
11077
13432
Amphibole
fibers /liter
0.04(10b)
Chrysotile
fibers/liter
0.09U05)
Run #4c
Raw Water Turbidity = 1.4
Raw Water Particle Count = 2926
Hour Into Run
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Finished Water
Turbidity
(NTU)
0.5
0.13
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.60
Particle Count
(#/ml)
39
186
11
7
21
15
11
21
33
949
39
32
232
Amphibole
fibers/liter
1 0.05(106)
Chrysotile
fibers/liter
0.09(106)
|T
64
-------
Run #5c
Raw Water Turbidity = 1.4
Raw Water Particle Count = 1262
Hour Into Run
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Finished Water
Turbidity
(NTU)
0.25
0.12
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.35
0.45
Particle Count
(#/ml)
3078
27
24
23
26
51
312
65
30
17
11
414
692
Amphibole
fibers/liter
<0. 01(106)
Chrysotile
fibers/liter
0.15(10b)
^
Run #6d
Raw Water Turbidity = 1.25
Raw Water Particle Count = 2441
Hour Into Run
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Finished Water
Turbidity
(NTU)
0.95
0.08
0.08 _j
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.06
0.06 _,
0.07 _j
0.07
0.15 j
0.10
0.10
0.13
Particle Count •
(#/ml)
218
72
32
42
34
79
30
801
147
26
80
150
252
39
Amphibole
fibers/liter
0.05(10b)
Chrysotile
fibers/liter
0.15(10<>)
—
1
65
-------
Run #11
Raw Water Turbidity = 1.15
Raw Water Particle Count = 2438
TT T .1. T»
Hour into KUH
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
Finished
m 1— • J ' 4.
i uroiu ity
(NTU)
1.6
0.83
0.45
0.33
0.31
0.28
0.28
0.26
0.26
0.24
0.20
0.18
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.24
0.19
0.18
[ Water
Farticxe count.
(#/ml)
271
128
44
30
36
18
73
21
21
101
260
16
48
23
16
48
83
100
21 TTIY-* "hi Vi/^T A
fibers/liter
~ ' ----- - -
0.42(10<[)
r"lViT'\7e/"ff~ i 1 ^
fibers/liter
1.64(105)
66
-------
Run #12d
Raw Water Turbidity = 1.0
Raw Water Particle Count = 177
Hour Into Run
0
1
2
3
Finished Water
Turbidity
(NTU)
0.95
0.10
0.098
0.095
4 i 0.095
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
0.094
0.09
0.09
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.08
0.09
0.09
0.11
Particle Count
( ft/ml)
40
20
9.7
11
23
29
6
20
14
40
160
15
40
22
43
46
21
382
53
196
366
331
Amphibole
fibers/liter
O.OKIO*3)
Chrysotile
fibers/liter
0.13(10b)
67
-------
Run #21
Raw Water Turbidity = 0.70
Raw Water Particle Count = 216
Hour Into Run
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Finished Water
Turbidity
(NTU)
0.13
0.072
0.065
0.060
0.059
0.059
0.060
0.34
0.060
0.065
0.063
0.070
0.059
0.062
Particle Count
(#/ml)
10
10
16
38
15
75
4
22
7
16
31
33
8
17
Amphibole
fibers/liter
0.01(106)
0.01(106)
0.72(106)
<0. 01(106)
<0.01(106)
Chrysotile
fibers/liter
0.16(106)
0.16(106)
12.25(106)
0.19(106)
0.09(106)
68
-------
Run #24
Raw Water Turbidity = 0.60
Raw Water Particle Count = 107
Hour Into Run
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Finished Water
Turbidity Particle Count
(NTU) ; (#/ml)
0.098 10
0.071 i 11
0.065 j
0.065
0.071
0.070
0.085
0.36
0.41
0.08
0.072
0.062
0.060
0.062
0.058
0.060
0.091
0.059
0.059
0.059
0.06
9
10
4
4
18
35
40
26
20
15
21
18
16
22
36
21
12
10
40
Amphibole
fibers/liter
0.04(10b)
0.6 (106)
Chrysotile
fibers/liter
0.34(106)
6.2 (106)
0.04(106)
0.13(106)
69
-------
APPENDIX B-6
FILTER RUN PILOT TESTING AT HIGH RAW WATER TURBIDITIES
I. SUMMARY
Pilot tests were conducted to determine if direct filtration techniques
could effectively treat water with abnormally high raw water turbidities.
These tests indicated that such techniques could produce an acceptable
quality finished water when raw water turbidity was less than approximately
20 NTU.
II. INTRODUCTION
Purpose
The purposes of this phase of the asbestos removal study were to
determine (1) if the process flow schematic consisting of a static mixer,
a flocculation chamber and a granular media filter could effectively remove
abnormally high raw water turbidities; (2) what practical upper limit of
raw water turbidity could be removed; and (3) which of the test medias was
most effective under the stressed conditions.
Goals
To effectively remove asbestos particles from the raw water, the filtra-
tion process had to remove turbidity down to levels which were < 0.1 NTU.
Since turbid water conditions are normally short term phenomena resulting
from landslides or flooding, the turbidity goal in the finished water was
changed. Rather than attempting to produce a finished water turbidity of
< 0.1 NTU, the desired goal was increased to 0.5 NTU, which is still well
below the maximum contaminant level of 1.0 NTU set forth by the National
Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations. This less stringent goal was
justifiable during emergencies since it would be more important to produce
a safe water by today's standards rather than removing all asbestos particles
from the water.
Methods and Equipment
To achieve the high turbidities, soil from the banks of the South Fork
Tolt Reservoir was gathered and mixed with raw Tolt water. The slurry was
allowed to settle to remove heavy suspended material and the supernatant was
decanted into another container for feeding into the pilot plant. Equipment
limitations prohibited the investigator from injecting the slurry at a point
upstream of the static mixer and consequently it was fed directly into the
head end of the flocculation chamber. Raw water turbidities between 5 and
34 NTU were achieved using these methods.
70
-------
Ill. RESULTS
General
Data from filter runs conducted at the abnormally high raw water tur-
bidities is presented in Table B6-1 and plots of headless and turbidity vs.
time are contained in Figures B6-1 through B6-21.
Water Quality
The data indicate that direct filtration techniques using a static mixer,
a flocculation chamber and a granular media filter can significantly reduce
excessive turbidity present in the raw water. Using 10 mg/1 of alum, lime for
pH control and a nonionic polymer as a filter aid, direct filtration methods
reduced raw water turbidities of 20 NTU down to < 0.5 NTU. Raw water tur-
bidities > 20 NTU could be reduced but finished waters exceeded 0.5 NTU after
filtration. It is likely that chemical feed rates could be adjusted to
effectively remove raw water turbidities that are >20 NTU but such an evalua-
tion was beyond the scope of this study.
Water Production
Most of the filter runs were conducted at a moderate filter loading rate
of about 4 gpm/ft2. Normally, as the raw water turbidities increased, both
the length of the filter run and the filter efficiency decreased. Utilizing
direct filtration techniques at these high raw water turbidities was not
expected to be a very efficient method of operation but the tests demon-
strated that an acceptable quality finished water could be produced for
short periods of time at moderate loading rates. The coarse coal dual media
generally produced more water per filter run than either dual media with
fine coal or the mixed media filter.
IV. CONCLUSIONS
Treatment techniques similar to those which remove asbestos fibers from
Tolt water can be used to reduce abnormally high raw water turbidities (20
NTU) down to < 0.5 NTU in the finished water. Direct filtration techniques
are inefficient under such raw water conditions but can produce potable water
for a short period of time until the turbidity recedes. Dual media with
coarse coal was the most effective filter media.
71
-------
Run
No.
150
151
151MM
151FC
151CC
154
154MM
154FC
154CC
159
160
Plant
Flow
gpm
16.00
8.8
0.43
0.46
0.45
16.00
0.44
0.43
0.44
16.00
16.00
Filter
Loading
gpm/ft2
4.00
2.20
3.94
4.15
4.07
4.00
4.00
3.92
3.96
4.00
4.00
Finished Water
# of Hours
<0.5 NTU
7
8
7
7
10
10
10
10
12
8
7
# of Hours
8' to 10'
7
8
12
10
10
10
15
12
13
8
7
OFRV
gal/ft2/run
1680
924
1655
1743
2442
2400
2400
2352
2851
1920
1680
Net Water
Produced
gal/ft2/24 hrs
4869
2469
4785
5077
5234
5136
5136
5024
5184
4980
4869
Raw Water
Turbidity
NTU
4.0 - 13
5.0
5.0
5.0
5.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
6.0
5.0
14 - 34
Temp.
°r
8.5
SAME
SAME
SAME
9.0
9.0
SAME
SAME
10.5
13
Process
Raw
RM
Floe
Finished
raw
RM
Floe
Finished
AS RUN #151-
AS RUN #151-
AS RUN #151-
Raw
RM
Floe
Finished
SAME AS RUN
AS RUN #154-
AS RUN #154'
Raw
RM
Floe
Finished
Raw
RM
FlOC
Finished
PH
772 7.2
7.0 7.6
7.0 7.0
7.0 7.0
6.5
6.6
6.4
6.5
6.5
6.6
6.6
6.6
#154
6.5
6.6
6.6
6.6
6.6
6.6
6.6
f. a
NJ
(continued)
-------
TABLE B6-1 (CONTINUED)
Run
No.
160MM
160FC
160CC
162
162MM
162FC
162CC
163
163MM
163FC
163CC
Plant
Flow
gpm.
0.43
0.43
0.43
16.00
Avg.= 0.53
Max.= 0.56
Avg.= 0.53
Max.= 0.56
Avg.= 0.44
Max.= 0.56
16.00
Avg.= 0.48
Max.= 0.56
Avg.= 0.38
Max.= 0.56
Avg.= 0.56
Max.= 0.45
Filter
Loading
gpm/ft2
3.89
3.92
3.88
4.00
4.83
4.16
3.99
4.00
4.33
3.43
4.13
Finished Water
# of Hours
SO. 5 NTU
9
9
9
0
1
0
3
1
4
3
5
# of Hours
8' to 10'
10
10
10
2
4
2
5
2
4
3
5
UFRV
gal/ft 2/run
2101
2117
2095
0
290
-,
718
240
1039
617
1239
Net Water
Produced
gal/ft2/24 hrs
4913
4955
4899
0
416
0
3667
0
4646
2928
4690
Raw Water
Turbidity
NTU
SAME AS RUt
SAME AS RUI
SAME AS RUI
5-34
18 - 34
18 - 34
18 - 34
18 - 34
SAME AS RUI
SAME AS RUI
SAME AS RUI
i
Temp.
°C ! Process
1160-
Iii fc.r\
ff-LoU-
#160-
13
SAME
SAME
SAME
13.1
#163-
14*1 C.-3.
#163<
RAW
RM
FLOC
FINISHED
AS RUN #162-
AS RUN #162-
AS RUN #162-
RAW
RM
FLOC
FINISHED
pH
6.6
6.6
6.8
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.6
6.7
-vl
Co
-------
HEflDLOSS RND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 150
Figure B6-1.
Schematic D
O = Headless
© = Finished Water Turbidity
• = Raw Water Turbidity
_u
40
35
30
25
o
1—1
CO
LU
15
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
..I
-I
1.2
cm
.5
.4
.3
.2
.1
0 1
9 10 11 12 13 14 IS 18 17
TIME CHOUR8)
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
-------
Cn
HEflOLOSS RND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 151
Figure B6-2.
Raw Water Turbidity = 5.0 NTU
Schematic D
O = Headless
$ = Turbidity
-2.0
1.9
U8
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.4
-1.3
o i
9 10 li 12 13 14 15 19 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
TIME (HOURS)
.7
.6
.5
.4
.3
.2
.1
' J 0
-------
HEflDLOSS flND TURBIDITY
VS TIhE
RUN NUMBER 151MH
Figure B6-3.
Raw Water Turbidity = 5..0 NTU
Schematic D
0 = Headless
®= Turbidity
-L.
-2.0
-1.9
-1.8
•1.7
-1.8
-1.5
-1.4
-1.3
•*
-1.2,
-1.1:
.8
.7
.8
.5
.4
.3
.2
.1
0
0 I
8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15
HUE CHOIRS)
16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
-------
HEflDLOSS FIND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 151FC
Figure B6-4.
Raw Water Turbidity = 5.0 NTU
Schematic D
O= Headloss
®= Turbidity
a.
a.
_i_
_i_
_i_
•2.0
•1.9
-1.8
•1.7
-1.8
•1.5
-1.4
•1.3
•»
•1.2,
-l.ll
1.0?
•9JJ
.8F
.7
.8
.5
.4
.3
.2
.1
0
9 10 11 12 13
TIME (HOURS)
14 IS 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
-------
HEflDLOSS FIND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 151CC
00
Figure -B6-5.
Raw Water Turbidity = 5.0 NT.U
Schematic D
O= Headless
$= Turbidity
I ,2
9 10
-L.
11 12 13
TIHECHOURS)
J-
14 15 16 17
4.
19 20 21
•2.0
•1.9
•1.8
-1.7
•1.8
•1*5
•1.4
•1.3
• 1.2,
•l.i!
.7
•2
.1
-I J
23 24
-------
VD
o
S- ® s -2
?fl?£
£§..g 8 B.
«?>- S- ro <3
l8
>ro
£'5£i
stSi
HEflDLOSS RND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NWER 154
Figure B6-6.
Raw Water Turbidity = 6.0 MTU
Schematic D
0== Headless
^ = Turbidity
Z.8
1.9
US
1.7
i.e
us
.4
1.3
"01234
9 10
_i—^—i—i i 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 « < • T
11 12 13 14 IS IS 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
TIHE (HOURS)
•*!
.8*
.7
.8
.8
4
.3
.2
- .1
J o
-------
oo
o
HEflOLQSS RND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 154MM
Figure B6-7.
Raw Water Turbidity = 6,0 NTU
Schematic D
O = Headless
"0 1 23
11 12 13
TIME IHOUR3)
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
-tt.o
1.9
1*8
1.7
1.6
1.5
1.4
1.3
l-*~
1.11
»•*
jug
.91
.8
.7
.8
.5
•4
.3
.2
.1
0
-------
oo
HEflDLOSS RND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 154FC
Figure B6-8.
Raw Water Turbidity = 6.0 NTU.
Schematic D
O = Headless
gj = Turbidity
"01 2 3 4
9 10 11 12 13
TOE CHOUR8)
14 IS 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
-2,0
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.8
1.5
1.4
•1.3
.li
4
.91
.8
.7
.8
.5
.4
.3
.2
.1
0
-------
00
(O
HEflDLOSS flND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 1S4CC
Figure B6-9.
Raw Water Turbidity = 6*0 NTU
Schematic D
O = Headless
& - Turbidity
-2.0
-1.9
-1.8
1.7
-l.fi
•1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2^
-l.lf
-i.o |j
•8
.5
.4
.3
.2
0 i
8 9
10 11 12 13
TIME (HOURS)
-I J
14 15 16 1? 18 13 5*1 21 22 23 24
-------
06
HEflDLOSS RND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 160
Figure B6-10,
Schematic D
O- Headless
$= Finished Water
Turbidity
•= Raw Water
Tgrbidity
5 6
,40
35
30
UJ
oi.
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
.QI-
ct:
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1? 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
TIMEIHOUR3)
4
.3
.2
1
0
-------
oo
HEflDLOSS flND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 160CC
Figure B6-11.
Schematic D
o= Headless
Finished iWater
Turbidity
Raw Water:
Turbidity
140
35
30
11 12 13
TIME (HOURS)
i
25-
>-
I—
I—I
a
i—t
20 g
ZD
I—
UU
15
-------
00
tn
HEflDLOSS flND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 160FC
Figure B6-12.
Schematic D
O = Headless
Finished Water
Turbidity
Raw Water
Turbidity
40
35
30
25
20 g
5
0
2.0
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
1.S
*
1.4 j
4
1.3"
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
TIME (HOURS)
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
o
C/1
'3
.s^-
.3
.2
.1
0
-------
00
HEflDLOSS flND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 160MM
Figure B6-13.
Schematic D
O = Headloss-
© = Finished Water
Turbidity
• = Raw Water
Turbidity
40
35
30
0
LJJ
10
-5
.0
.a
.8
.7
.6
«2a
i—i
. m
.io:
UJ
.91-
.8"
.5
.4
.3
.2
.1
0
-------
00
-J
HEflDLOSS flND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 162
lOj
9
1
8
7
-— X
1-6
LU
LU
^t-
OOC
OO3
o
1
Q
«=c
-4
3
2
/
»
1
"i
rigure idb-xa.
1
i
•\
1'
i. %
I1 £
1 /'
1 V1
1 In
1 1 i
u 1
I 1 1 1 Schematic D
I/ J 1
If ! | 0 = Headless
i
/•Ml
/, n i ® = f1nj?^ Wate^
/ | Turbidity
/ 11 1
/ ' ' i • - Raw Water
/ J Turbidity
liil
ii
r i ,
^J7 ^Jy
, i , i i i , 1 I 1 1 ' • 1 1 _ f _ _L ___!_._ 1 1 II I
40
35
30
-— ,
ra
z
25^
>-
I-H
Q
1—4
^—
a:
s
C£
0
-
.
5
-
, ,
j 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
2.0
1.9
1-8
1.7
1.6
L *S
__4,
1.4 ^
*^_
K
1.2 o
s
~~^
a LU
Q
__ 1 1 1
•7 3:
1— H
j ,|
.s1"
.4
.3
a
0
Ttt£ (WKR3)
-------
CO
CO
HEflDLOSS RND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 1G2MM
Figure Bb-15.
Schematic D
O= Headless
®= Finished Water
Turbidity
•= Raw Water
Turbidity
40
2-5-
20
CO
UJ
-2.0
-1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
-1.2
_UJ
.91-
Q
LU
" 00
i—i
i—i
U_
.5
.4
.3
.2
8
8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 18 20 21 22 23 24
TIME (HOURS)
-------
00
HEflOLOSS RND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
t RUN NUMBER 162FC
10
9
8
7
p0
UJ
UJ
u_
^5
c/o
o
— 1
Q
2*
UJ
3C
«
z
1
ft
J. _ Figure B6-16.
w ©
1 Y
J /
, /
y i /
\ ' /
\ V
V=f*
/'
/ '
/ 1
/ !
I !
/ *
O 1
T > Schematic D
/
/I O = Headloss
/ \
J ^ © = Finished Water -
Turbidity
• = Raw Water
Turbidity
*
,,,,,,,,.. i .. . < . . •'.'
4Q
35
38
• — \
— j
i—
25^
L
r~~*
Q
i — i
20 §
. — j
•
C£
UJ
1—
T F "=C
los
3;
o:
0
-
.
5
-
2.0
1.9
U8
1.7
1.8
1.5 ^
^5
1U£
1.3 >.
^^^
1—
1-2. S
M'i
ID
1.0 •-
III
^|±!
<:
.83
o
i ^
•' 3:
_ ' i — i
•Bz
1— I
>su_
.4
.3
.2
.1
0
0 I
0 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
TIME (HOURS)
-------
HERDLOSS RND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 162CC
Figure B6-17.
Schematic D
O = Headlqss
© = Finished Water
Turbidity
• = Raw Water -
.Turbidity
35
30
is.
25'
20 S
OS
UJ
-2.0
•1.9
-1*8
-1.7
-1.5
•1.4
•1.3
03
EC
-J.Q
.9
.8
.7
.8
.5
.4
.3
.2
.1
o:
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 18 i? 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
TIME {HOURS)
-------
HEflDLOSS flND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 163
Figure B6-18.
Schematic D
O = Headless
Turbidity,
Raw Water
Turbidity
40
35*
30-
2oi
2.0
1.9
U8
1.7
i.e
-1.S -.
-l.4§
•1.3 >-
i—
-1.20
i—i
1.1 |
•C
LU
^1-
.5
.4
.3
.2
0 12 3
5 6
9 10 11 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
TIME (HOURS)
-------
V0
lOr
HEflDLOSS .RND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 163CC
Figure B6-19.
Schematic D
O r Headless
9 = Finished Water Turbidity
• = Raw W|ater Turbidity
9 10 tl 12 13 14 15 16 17
TIME (HOURS)
_l_
_I_
_l_
_l_
35
30
25*
>-
I—t
o
20!
ct
-2.0
•1.9
U8
1.7
i.e
-1.5
-1.4
-L.
CQ
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
1.0
.9
.8
.7|
.8
i
i
.4
43
.2
.1
0
o:
LU
-------
<£>
CO
HEflDLOSS flND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 163FC
Figure B6-20.
Schematic D
O = Headless
Finished
9 = water
Turbidity
• = Raw Water
Turbidity
40
35
30
20
a
i—i
ca
a:
LU
-------
10
HEflDLOSS flND TURBIDITY
VS TIME
RUN NUMBER 163MM
Figure B6-21.
Schematic D
O = Headless
© _ Finished
9 ~ Hater
Turbidity
• = Raw, yater
Turbidity
35
30
25-
>-
I—I
Q
I—
a:
10
-z.o
•1.8
•1-8
1.7
1.8
-1.5
-1.4
-1.2 2
i—i
-M £
i.o "r
o "-1-1
•* l_
Q
1
• 7
.4
.3
.2
.1
0
012345
9 10 11 12 13 14 IS 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
rue (HOURS)
-------
APPENDIX B-7
SLUDGE SETTLEABILITY TESTING
I. INTRODUCTION
To assess the settling characteristics of the solids present in the
backwash wastewater, sludge settling tests were conducted. Backwash waste-
water was discharged into a settling basin where the solids would settle
and accumulate. The clear supernatent was periodically drawn off and
discharged to the North Fork Tolt River. Near the end of the pilot testing
phase; the solids, which had been accumulating for about one year, were
collected in a 55-gallori drum and transported to the Water Quality Laboratory.
Settling tests were initially performed using a small, 2-liter, graduated
cylinder and subsequently using a larger 6-inch diameter settling column.
The column was equipped with a stirring mechanism that rotated at 1 RPM to
facilitate movement of the water up through the solids. Various concentra-
tions of sludge were prepared and added to the graduated cylinder or column.
The downward velocity of the liquid-solids interface was measured at various
time intervals. From this data, batch settling curves were prepared and
were used to estimate the minimum surface area of the clarifier-thickener.
II. RESULTS
The results of the settling tests are listed in the tables below and
are illustrated in Figures B7-1 through B7-4. Review of this information
indicates that the solids generated during the filter backwashing process
can be thickened to a concentration of 2-3% by gravity thickening methods.
95
-------
TABLE B7-1. SETTLING INFORMATION USING THE GRADUATED CYLINDER
Sample
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
TABLE
Sample
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Sludge
Concentration
(mg/1)
175
245
825
2970
3760
6500
11,000
31,000
B7-2. SETTLING
Sludge
Concentration
Interface Settling
Velocity
In./Min. Ft
16-7/8"/5
16-7/8 "/5
16"/4
12.5"/7
9"/6
3"/7
2"/19
1/4 "/20
./Day
408
504
480
216
180
51.6
12
1.2
INFORMATION USING THE 6-INCH
Interface Settling
Velocity
(mg/1) In. or Ft./Min. Ft. /Day
450
650
740
1,000
2,000
2,400
7,600
8,600
11,000
13,000
20,000
29,000
5'9.5"/16
5'/15
4'8.5"/18
3'4"/15
3'7.5"/16
4'3"/ll
6"/10
7.5"/27
8.5"/40
4.5"/30
2"/30
1"/80
520
480
380
320
330
560*
72
33
26
18
8
1.5
Solids
Flux
(lb/Ft2-day)
4.5
7.7
24.7
40.0
42.2
20.9
8.2
2.3
DIAMETER COLUMN
Solids
Flux
(lb/Ft2-day)
15
19
18
20
41
84
34
17.7
17.8
15
9.9
2.7
*Does not seem to fit the rest of the data.
96
-------
600
500
400
-P
U-t
300
200
100
5 10 15 20 25
Concentration (grams/liter)
Figure B7-1. Cylinder interface settling velocity vs. concentration.
97
-------
5 10 15 20 25 30
Concentration (grams/liter)
Figure B7-2. Cylinder flux curve for waste solids.
35
98
-------
600
nj
•a
•4J
«N
500
400
300
200
100
5 10 15 20 25 30
SOLIDS CONCENTRATION (grams/liter)
Figure B7-3. Column interface settling velocity vs. solids concentration.
99
-------
50
"0
CM
-P
X!
H
X
40
30
20
10
5 10 15 20 25 30
SOLIDS CONCENTRATION (grams/liter)
Figure B7-4. Column batch settling curve for waste solids.
100
-------
APPENDIX B-8
DETAILED DOCUMENTATION OF COST INFORMATION
TABLE B8-1. OPERATIONAL COSTS
A. LABOR
1. Operators.
3 shifts/day - 1095 shifts/yr
Assume 1.33 men/shift x 1095 - 1456 shifts/yr
Assume 5 x 52 = 260 shifts/yr/man
1456 _ .
• ^ = 5.6 men assume 6 men
260
6 @ (18,000 + 50% O.K.) $162,000
2. Chief Operator/Chemist.
2 men @ (22,000 + 50% O.K.) 66,000
3. Maintenance and Sludge.
4 men @ (18,000 + 50% O.K.) 108,000
B. CHEMICAL USAGE (-ANNUAL) AND COST
5
1. Alum, 5000 ppd =926 gpd
365 x 5000
$336,000
$/Weight
Cost/Yr
2000
365 x 926 = 338,000 gal/yr
@ $100/T
91,200
2. Lime, 5150 ppd
365 x 5150
2000
= 940 T/yr
3. Polymer - Catipnic, 1000 ppd
365 x 1000 = 365,000 Ibs/yr
Polymer - Anionic, 50 ppd
365 x 50 = 18,250 Ibs/yr
@ $57/T
@ $.70/lb
@ $.70/lb
53,600
255,500
12,800
(continued)
101
-------
TABLE B8-1 (CONTINUED) OPERATIONAL COSTS
4. Sodium Silicate, 2000 ppd
365 x 2000
2000 365 T/yr
5. Sodium Bicarbonate, 3760 ppd
365 x 3760 ,
2000 686 T/Yr
60 Chlorine, 750 ppd
365 x 750 ,„_ m/ _
2000
7. Fluoride, 1 ppm 500 Ibs/day
91 T/yr
C. POWER
HP KW
Motors Flocculators 90 67
Blowers 30 22
Backwash 250 136
Service water 15 11
Washwater recovery 30 22
Sludge pumps 20 7
Chemical feeders 25 19
334
Misc. & Lighting 104
Total 438
Monthly Charge
Demand
KW @ 1.00/KW over 10 KW
(438 - 10) x 1
Energy
4000 KWH @ $.026/KWH
(72,500 - 4000) @ 0.02
$/Weight Cost/Yr
@ $330/T 120,400
@ $230/T 157,800
@ $270/T 37,000
@ $84/T 38,700
$767,000
Use KWH/Yr
10% 58,700
.4 hr/day 150
1.3 hr/day 490
50% 48,200
100% 192,700
25% 30,600
50% 83,200
414,000
50% 455,000
869,000 KWH/Yr
72,400 KWH/Mo
$ 6.00
428.00
104.00
1370.00
Total
$1908.00/Mo
$22,900Ar
(continued)
102
-------
TABLE B8-1 (CONTINUED) OPERATIONAL COSTS
D. MAINTENANCE AND REPAIRS
3%/Yr x initial cost of major equipment
2.87
I \
.03 x (1.87 + .58 + 1.68)106 = $86,100
equip. + I & C + EICC
TOTAL OPERATIONAL COST/YR $1,212,000
103
-------
TABLE B8-2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION FOR CONSTRUCTION COSTS.
^v^pivision
Facility^.
General
Landscapinc
Division j Division Division
2 | 3 4
Siteworkj Concrete
1,828,500
145,200
Control
Building
Filter
Complex
t
Chemical
Complex 1
Floccula-
tion Basinsi
Headworks
s Energy
Dissipation!
Dewatering ;
Facility [
Sludge
Thickeners
Sludge
Thickener
Punp Station
Clarifiers
s Flow
Distribution
Reservoir
Backwash
Pump
Station
Electrical
'
j
- -• -{- .-
Total |l,973,70C
190,700
28,500
1,516,300
503,700
266,800-
29,600
137,300
1
30,000
20,300
308,400
775,000
41,900
3,848,50C
I
Not Used
Division Division Division
5 6 7
Metals Wood S Therm- s
Plastics ItoistProt
19,100
63,600 ' 2,100 2,600
188,400 16,700 '; 54,000
145,600 6,500 ! 21,400
41,700 8,000 i 21,600
13,600 . 700 ! 1,800
Division : Division Division Division'
8 9 10 11
Doors & Finishes Special- Equip-
10,700
9,200 13,300 1,200
i
24,200
19,500
1,400
1,400
24,700 . 1,300 ! 3,300 2,600
I
4,400 ; 200 j 500 400
1 1
4,700 1 300
28,900 1,600
16,800
8,400 400
560,100 37,800
600 500
1,000
106,800
800
86,000 499,500
62,800 300 323,700
5,300 j 165,000
3,900 100 i 64,500
7,200 300,000
1,300
1,400
8,400
2,400
60,000 192,000
' 45,400
24,800
300 330,500
2,700
100 101,500
i
A
~~~ T ~ "
2,000 11,793,300
Division]
12 1
FurnishH
Division
13
Special
18,100
5,000 75,000
:
11,500
100
i
5,100
581,800
686,400
Division; Division
14 : 15
^onveyingj Mechan-
Division A11
Electri-DivisiorB
cal T°tal
J4,084,70ol 6,151,80C
700
145, 20CJ
104,200 305, 4oq
! i
27,000 | 679,100
6,000
1,200
7,700
5,000
200
200
400
48,400
3,091,20CJ
200,9001 J.,290,40q
115,000|
i
235,100J
80,600
14,400
15,300
52,400
20,900
-27,300
5,629,90C
1,678,900
1,678,90C
637, 70d
358,500
562,000
96,800
68,100
730,500
815,400
184,200
L, 678, 900
581,800
16,697, 90C
-------
APPENDIX C-l
TABULATED CONDITIONS SURROUNDING EACH FILTER RUN
RUN
DATE
RAW
TORB
NTU
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
(mg/l)
PLANT
FLOW
gpm
FILTER
LOADING
G
sec"
RAPID MIX
GT
rime
min
FLOC
GT
Time
min
FINISHED WATER
PH
Hours
<0.1
NTH
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
Hesdloss
DFRV
gal/ft2
Net Water
Produced
Hi/ft2
Raw
EM
Floe
Fin
TEMP
°C
EFF.
COMMENTS
1-15
1.3
Alum - 10
24.0
6.0
229
46800
3.4
103
40170
720
5160
6.1
5.9
5.8
5.7
72.2
2A
1-19
1.4
Alum - 10
12.0
3.0
160
66000
6.9
103
80300
13.0
10
15
1800
3732
6.6
6.0
5.5
5.3
3.9
2B
1-22
1.4
Alum = 10
12.0
3.0
160
66000
6.9
L03
80300
13.0
17
20
3060
3974
6.6
6.0
5.5
5.3
93.5
2C
1-20
1-24
1.4
1.4
4B
2-2
1.4
Alum = 10
Alum - 10
12.0
12.0
3.0
3.0
160
160
66000
66000
6.9
6.9
L03
103
80300
80300
13.0
13.0
11
18
16
1980
1440
3785
3585
6.6
6.6
6.0
6.0
5.5
5.5
5.3
5.3
Alum = 10
12.0
3.0
168
62400
6.2
79
61600
13.0
13
19
2340
3868
6.8
6.8
6.4
6.2
6.2
6.0
6.4
5.9
89.9
86.1
Asbestos
un.
91.5
-------
RUN
OAT
RAW
TDRB
NTU
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
(mg/1)
PLANT
FLOW
gpm
FILTER
LOADING
RAPID MIX
GT
time
nin
FLOG
GT
Tine
Ftin
FINISHED WATER
PH
Hours
S0.1
NTU
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
UFRV
gal/ft2
Net Water
Produced
gal/ft?
Raw
RM
Floo
Fin
TEMP
oc
EFF.
COMMENTS
4C
2-2
1.4
Alum = 10
12.2
3.0
168
62400
6.2
79
61600
13
10
15
1800
3732
6.8
6.1
5.8
6.1
88.9
Asbestos;
run.
5A
2-6
1.4
Alum -.10
12.3
3.1
168
62400
6.2
28.6
22300
13
16
1620
3667
6.9
6.2
5.2
6.2
5.2
6.5
87.7
5B
2-8
1.4
Alum - 10
12.0
3.0
168
62400
6.2
28.6
22300
13
11
18.5
1980
3785
6.6
6.8
6.4
6.2
6.3
6.5
89.9
5C
2-K
1.4
6C
2-1 (
1.3
Alum « 10
12.0
3.0
168
62400
6.2
28.6
22300
13
17
1620
3667
6.3
6.9
6.2
6.2
6.1
6.4
6.6
Alum = 10
12.0
3.0
888
1087
1.2
sec
13
14
2340
3868
6.2
6.2
6.0
5.7
6.5
5.9
87.7
Asbestos
91.5
-------
RUN
6D
10
11
12A
DATE
2-17
2-19
2-20
2-20
2-21
2-2;
2-25
RAW
TURS
NTU
1.25
1.25
1.1
1.1
1.15
1.12
1.2
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
(mg/1)
Alum ™ 10
Alum * 15
Alum = 20
Alum = 5
Alum - 3
Alum= 5.9
Alum-12.6
Lime
PLANT
FLOW
gpm
11.6
12.2
11.6
11.6
11.7
ll.o
11.2
FILTER
LOADING
2.9
3.0
2.9
2.9
2.a
2.8
RAPID MIX
G'
sec"1
888
888
888
888
888
761
761
GT
1087
1087
1987
1087
1087
1016
1016
Ime
sec
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
FLOC
G
sec"-1
GT
Time
min
FINISHED WATER
Hours
sO.l
NTD
13.5
11
12
17
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
He&dlosi
13.5
12
12
19
24
18
UFRV
gal/ft2
run
2430
1980
2160
1260
2856
Net Water
Produced
3884
3785
3830
3480
3690
Raw
6.3
6.6
6.3
6.9
6.9
6.9
6.4
6.6
6.8
6.5
6.4
6.8
6.6
6.7
6.5
RM
5.7
6.3
5.4
5.2
5.4
5.6
6.2
6.3
6.3
6.4
7.1
6.3
6.3
6.8
6.8
6.8
Floe
Fin
5.5
6.0
5.5
.3
6.3
6.3
6.2
6.4
6.4
6.4
TEMP
OC
5.5"
.5°
EFF
91.
89.9
90.7
84.1
COMMENTS
Asbestos
sbestos
un.
93.0
-------
DATE
RAW
TUBS
NTU
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
Ciag/l}
PLANT
FLOW
gpn
FILTER
LOADING
RAPID MIX
GT
rime
sec
FLOG
GT
Time
min
FINISHED WATER
Hours
sO.l
NTU
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
Readies
UFRV
aal/it2
Net Hater
Produced
gal/ft2
'24 ht
PH
Raw
KM
Floe
Fin
TEMP
oc
EFF.
%
COMMENTS
12B
2-26
1.2
Alum - 11.5
Lime
11.1
2.8
761
1016
1.3
13
20
2184
3585
6.6
6.6
6.5
6.5
90.8
12C
2-28
1.15
Alum =11.5
Lime
11.2
2.8
761
1016
1.3
15.5
17
2604
3657
6.8
6.5
6.6
6.5
6.7
6.4
6.4
6.3
.6
6.5
6.6
3.7
92.3
O
00
12D
14
15
16
17
3-3
3-6
3-8
3-9
3-11
1.0
1.1
0.99
0.95
Alum = 10
Lime = 3.4
Alum = 17
Lime = 6.2
Alum =9.8
Alum - 10
Alum = 10
Lime = 3./
Alum = 10
Lime - 3.7
13.2
12.5
12.2
12.1
11.2
3.3
3.1
3.0
3.0
2.8
940
175
175
175
1034
SAME AS
66468
66468
66468
1.1
RUN
6.3
min
6.3
min
6.3
min
19
H2D
73
193
56940
150540
13.0
13.0
17
14
17
20
12
20
35
35
3762
4437
3060
2520
2856
3974
3900
3690
7.3
6.8
6.7
6.8
6.4
6.6
6.7
6.5
7.2
6.8
6.7
6.4
6.6
6.7
6.5
6.7
6.7
6.5
6.5
7.3
6.4
6.5
6.4
6.1
6.0
6.0
6.1
6.7
6.5
6.5
6.7
6.4
6.7
6.5
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.3
6.7
6.5
6.5
6.4
6.4
6.7
6.2
6.2
6.4
6.5
6.4
.5
.3
6.5
.6
6.2
6.4
6.2
6.0
6.0
94.7
Asbestos
run.
.5
5.5
93.!
92.:
93.C
-------
RUN
COMMENTS
-------
RUN
COMMENTS
-------
H
H
RUN
40
COMMENTS
-------
RON
47
COMMENTS
-------
RUM
COMMENTS
Ul
59
-------
BUN
COMMENTS
-------
U1
RUN
COMMENTS
-------
RUN
COMMENT!
-------
RUN
DATE
RAW
TURB
NTU
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
(mg/D
PLANT
FLOW
gpm
FILTER
LOADING
RAPID MIX
G
sec-1
GT
rime
sec
FLOC
G
sec"
GT
time
min-
FINISHED WATER
Hours
S0.1
NTB
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
Headlos:
UFRV
Net Water
Produced
w2
PH
Raw
RH
Floe
Fin
TEMP
oc
EFF
COMMENTS
81
8-16
0.31
.lum = 3
CATFLOC T-l
2 mg/1
CA233 = OJ
16.0
4.0
144:
1324
0.92
11
11
2640
5193
6.7
6.6
6.6
6.5
6.6
6.5
14'
92.4
1443
1324
0.92
81
8-16
0.31
iAME AS
RUN #81
0.44
4.0
SAM1
AS RUN
#81
18
22
4320
5413
SAME
AS Rl
N #81
95.4
82
8-18
0.31
Mum - 3
SATFLOC 1-1
= 2 mg/1
SA233 = 0.3
15.8
4.0
SAMI
AS RUN
#81
12
12
2880
5240
6.4
6.2
5.2
14"
93.0
82
83
83
M
8-18
8-20
8-2C
0.31
0.32
0.32
8-22
0.32
iAME AS
RUN #82
.lum = 10
,lme - 4.0
986N =
0.07
SAME AS
RUN #83
iAME AS
RUN #83
0.44
15.0
0.44
16.0
4.0
3.8
4.0
4.0
SAME
1443
SAME
SAME
AS RUN
1324
AS RUN
AS RUN
#81
9.92
#83
#83
26
26
21
10
23
23
6240
2052
5040
2400
5520
5067
5463
SAME
6.7
6.7
SAME
6.5
6.6
S Rl
6.4
6.4
RU
6.4
6.3
N #82
.4
1 #83
14"
14"
14"
96.8
90.2
96.0
13.591.7
-------
RUN
DATE
RAW
TURB
NTU
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
(mg/1)
PLANT
FLOW
gpm
FILTER
LOADING
RAPID MIX
G'
sec"
GT
Cine
FLOG
GT
Time
min
FINISHED WATER
PH
Hours
NTU
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
UFRV
Net Water
Produced
Raw
RM
Floe
Fin
TEMP
oc
EFF.
COMMENTS
84
M
8-22
0.32
Alum - 10
Lime = 4.1
1986N =
0.07
o:.66
6.0
144;
1324
.92
10
10
3600
7944
6.5
6.6
6.4
6.3
.4
.4
3.5"
94.4
85
8-23
0.33
SAME AS
RUN #84M
16.3
4.1
SAM!
AS RUN
#84M
1440
5136
6.7
6.4
.4
3.5'
86.1
CO
85
M
86
86
M
87
87
M
8-23
8-29
8-29
8-30
0.33
0.35
0.35
0. 35
8-30
0.35
;AME AS
IUN #84M
>AME AS
IUN *84M
SAME AS
SUN #84M
;AME AS
SUN #84M
SAME AS
IUN #84M
0.88
15.9
0.67
15.7
0.68
8.0
4.0
6.1
3.9
SAME
SAME
SAME
SAME
SAME
AS RUN
AS RUN
AS RUN
AS RUN
AS RUN
#85
#84M
#86
#84M
#87
11
11
12
11
11
11
12
12
2880
2640
4026
2808
A092
10240
5193
SAME
6.6
6.6
6.5
N #85
6.4
6.3
6.3
i.4
5099
8342
SAME
6.7
6.6
IS Rl I #86
6.4
6.4
SAME
S Rl
I #87
3.51
13"
13"
13"
13"
93.1
92.4
95.0
92.9
95.1
-------
COMMESIE
VO
-------
to
o
RUN
COMMENTS
93
-------
BUN
DATE
RAW
TURB
NTU
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
(mg/1)
PLANT
FLOW
gpm
FILTER
LOADING
RAPID MIX
6'
61
rime
sec
FLOG
6T
Time
ftin
FINISHED WATER
Hours
sO.l
NTU
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
Headlosi
UFRV
8a1/fl-2
run
Nee Water
Produced
2
PH
Rav
RM
Floe
Fin
TEMP
°C
EFF.
COMMENTS
'94
10-11
0.39
U.um - 10
Lime =3.3
W3 = 0.1
16.0
4.0
1.443
1324
0.92
69.7
40400
9.6
11
2160
5067
6.7
6.7
6.4
6.5
6.4
6.4
6.5
6.5
13"
90.
94
.0-11
0.39
SAME AS
RUN #94
0.44
4.0
SAM1
AS RUN
#94
18
18
4320
5413
SAME
N #94
13
95.4
95
95
96
96
M
97
LO-I:
O-l:
0-16
0-16
0-17
0.39
0.39
0.39
0.39
.40
iAME AS
RUN #94
iAME AS
tUN #94
iAME AS
(UN #94
iAME AS
IUN #94
SAME AS
IUN #94
16.0
0.66
16.0
0.88
16.0
4.0
6.0
4.0
8.0
4.0
SAMB
SAME
SAME
SAME
L443
AS RUN
AS RUN
AS RUN
AS RUN
1324
#94
#94
#94
#94
0.92 28.6
12
11
11
12
11
11
16600
9.6
11
11
2880
3960
2640
2880
2160
5240
8007
5193
10240
5067
6.6
6.7
6.6
SAME
6.7
6.7
SAME
6.6
6.6
6.4
6.4
6.4
Rt
6.5
6.5
6.4
6.4
6.3
H #95
6.5
6.5
13"
13"
13"
IS RU I #96
6.5
6.5
6.6
6.5
13
93.1
95.0
92.4
93.1
90.7
-------
to
(O
RUN
COMMENTS
-------
to
U)
RUN
COMMENTS
104
-------
to
RUN
COMMENT!
-------
DATE
RAW
TURB
NTU
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
(mg/1)
PLANT
FLOW
FILTER
LOADING
RAPID MIX
G
6T
rime
sec
FLOG
G
sec-3l
GT
Time
nin
FINISHED WATER
Hours
S0.1
NTU
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
Headlos
UFRV
Sal/ft2
run
Net Water
Produced
pH
Raw
Floe
Fin
TEMP
°C
EFF
COMMENT!
-108
1-7
0.70
.lum = 8.5
ime =2.9
98 6N =
0.07
16.0
4.0
1443
1324
0.92
70
40400
9.6
18
18
4320
5413
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.9
6.8
6.7
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.7
6.7
10"
95.
Asbestos
108
M
Ll-7
0.70
:AME AS
RHH #108
0.55
5.0
SAM1
AS RUN
#108
14
18
4200
6729
SAME
AS Rl N #10f
10
95.
Asbestos
Ul
109
Ll-1
0.75
.lum = 3
IATFLOC T-l
= 2 mg/1
16.0
4.0
SAME
AS RUN
#108
17
26
4080
5314
6.9
6.8
6.9
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
5.7
.7
10"
95.
109
M
110
110
M
111
Ll-1
.1-1:
Ll-1
1-lf
0.75
0.80
0.80
0. 80
IAME AS
UJN #109
.lum = 5
IATFLOC T-
= 2 mg/1
L986N - 0.
>AME AS
(UN #110
1AME AS
«IN #110
0.66
16.0
0.66
16.0
6.0
4.0
6.0
4.0
SAM?
L440
SAME
1440
AS RUN
1320
AS RUN
1320
#108
.92
#110
.92
70
40740
9.7
70
40740
9.7
19
12
22
17
19 to
4'
leadlosf
16
22
2880
4560
4298
5280
7770
5500
8018
5476
SAME
6.9
6.8
6.8
SAME
6.8
6.9
6.9
RIN #105
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
6.7
iS RU 1 #110
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.7
10"
10"
10"
.0"
93.1
95.6
96.2
bestos
un.
-------
RUN
DATE
RAW
TURB
NTU
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
(ng/1)
PLANT
FLOW
gpm
FILTER
LOADING
RAPID MIX
G~
sec-
GT
Cine
sec
FLOC
G
sec-1
GT
Time
in
FINISHED WATER
Hours
SNTO
Hours
to 8*
or 10'
UftaATna
UFRV
gal/ft2
run
Net Water
Produced
pH
Raw
RM
loc
Fin
TEMP
oc
EFF.
COMMENTS
111
11-1
0.80
Alum = 5
CATFLOC T-l
• 2 mg/1
1986N =0.1
0.55
5.0
1440
1320
.92
70
40740
9.7
17
19
5080
6783
6.8
6.9
6.9
6.7
6.7
6.8
6.7
6.7
6.7
96.1
Asbestos
112
Ll-2
0.81
SAME AS
RUN
16.0
4.0
SAM1
AS RUN
21
22
5040
5476
7.0
6.9
6.8
6.8
6.9
6.8
6.6
6.5
6.8
6.8
6.6
6.6
6.9
6.7
6.6
5.5
.5"
96.0
112
M
113
114
115
116
L2-2]
L2-2;
L2-2.
2-2!
0.81
4.8
3.8
3.6
3.6
SAME AS
RUN #111M
0.66
6.0
SAM
AS RUN
#111
14
15
5040
8143
SAME
AS R N #11
96.0
rarying
:ondi-
:ions to
etermine
erric
ihlorlde
SAME AS
RUN #113
FeCl3 = 15!
FeCl3 - 6
16.0
16.0
4.0
4.0
SAM]
SAM!
AS RUH
AS RUM
#111
#111
19
15
4.5"
-------
DATE
RAW
THRB
NTU
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
PLANT
FLOW
gpm
FILTER
LOADING
RAPID MIX
G
sec-l|
GT
rime
sec
FLOG
0
•ec-1
GT
Tine
FINISHED WATER
Hours
S0.1
NTU
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
UFRV
Net Water
Produced
gal/ft2
'25"Tir~
pH
Raw
RH
Floe
Fin
TEMP
oc
EFF
COMMENTS
117
1-2
3.2
FeCl3 • 6
16.0
4.0
L440
1320
.92
70
40740
9.7
15
4.5"
118
1-9
3.2
Hum - 10
.irne = 3.1
986N =
0.07
16.0
4.0
SAME
AS RUN
J117
18
1680
4869
5.6
6.6
6.7
5.4
6.2
6.2
5.4
6.2
6.3
88.1
118
1-9
3.2
.AME AS
IUN #118
0.55
5.0
SAME
AS RUN
J117
24
2092
6230
iAME
VS RU I #118
90.4
119
"19
120
120
K
1-10
1-10
1-11
1-11
3.1
3.1
3.3
3.3
Mum - 7
line • 2.5
1986N -
0.07
;AME AS
am #119
U.UD1 = 10
,ime
.986N
IAME AS
[UN #120
16.0
0.55
16.0
0.44
4.0
5.0
4.0
4.0
SAME
SAME
1440
SAME
AS RUN
AS RUN
1320
AS RUN
#117
#117
0.92
#120
70
40740
9.7
13
17
22
37
13
27
3120
4070
5240
5379
6.6
6.6
6.5
6.5
SAME
.7
6.7
SAME
6.4
6.4
6.4
6.4
6.7
6.4
6.4
6.4
.s Ri q #119
6.5
6.5
S RU
6.5
6.5
#120
.6
93.6
95.1
sbestos
un.
bestos
-------
00
RUN
124
COMMENT;
-------
to
10
RUN
COMMENTS
-------
W
o
BUN
COMMENTS
131
-------
W
ROT
COMMENTS
-------
W
N)
RUN
COMMEH1E
138
-------
00
LO
RUN
138
MM
138
FC
139
139
MM
^•^^•^^v
139
FC
v^—MMB^
139
CC
^••••••^^•H
140
DATE
-21
>-21
1-23
!-23
•^^•^M
!-23
MA^^HH
-23
•M^BM
2-25
•DAM
n&W
IURB
MTU
1.5
1.5
1.4
1.4
^v^^^v^^
1.4
••••••^M^Mt
1.4
^••^MMlmVII
1.4
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
D
D
D
D
^^^^^^^^•— •«
D
^•••••••••••(••••••M^iAH^V
D
^••^•••.•.•••••••MH—
D
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
(ng/1)
Alum = 10
Lime - 3.3
1986N -
0.2
SAME AS
RUN #138M
Uum - 10
Lime =3.3
L986N -
0.25
SAME AS
tUN #139
••(•••••I^^^M
;AME AS
IUN #139
«H— M»M»—^^^^
!AME AS
(UN #139
W^H^^HV^BBUWMIH'
Mum • 10
,ime =3.3
L986N =
0.25
PLANT
FLOW
gpm
Ave. =
0.73
Max. =
0.77
kve. =
0.71
tax. -
D.77
16.0
\ve. =
1.71
Max. -
0.77
Ave. =
0.71
Max. -
0.77
B^HHHHmHriWHH
Ave. -
0.68
Max. -
0.77
MVMI**HH^MI
16.0
FILTER
LOADING
^
Ave. =
6.7
Max. -
7.0
Ave. =
6.5
Max. =•
7.0
4.0
Ave. =
6.5
Max. -
7.0
•••••••••••••^••••••H
Ave. -
6.5
Max. =
7.0
•W^^Mi^^^^^
Ave. =
6.2
Max. =
7.0
4.0
RAPID MIX
G
sec-1
1440
SAM]
SAMI
SAM]
SAME
•^^•VHV
SAME
SAME
GT
1320
AS RUN
AS RUN
AS RUN
AS RUN
•V^^MHIIII^Af*
AS RUN
AS RUN
lime
sec
0.92
//1 38
#138
#138
#1381
^^^•^
#1381
#1381
FLOC
G
Sec-1
70
^MW
GT
40740
_aaBA^^^^«
^l^HIA^^HH
Time
min
9.7
^••••^•i
^tf^mtm
FINISHED WATER
Hours
S0.1
NTU
10
12
12
11
^^••^•^^^•i
10
13
•^••••••••••••"B
12
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
Headloss
13
13
12
13
I^HM^^HV^^H
10
H^^Mm*^*
13
IHMK—I^HH
12
UFRV
gal/fi-2
run
4020
4680
2880
4303
MI i •m^»
3900
^^PV^^^B^^^«"M
4875
^m^nfummmmm^^
2880
Net Water
Produced
'sal/ft^
•WhT
8930
8760
5240
8739
t^^^^*mmmltmi^r^^^*
8640
8400
^^^^VMW^^^^^i^^
5240
Raw
6.7
6.6
SAME
6.6
6.6
SAME
^••••••••••i
SAME
MMH^^H^
SAME
^^••••^
6.7
6.7
6.3
pH
RM
6.4
6.4
AS Rl
6.5
6.5
IS Rl
•(••MII^H
IS RB
IS RD
6.6
6.6
6.0
Floe
6.4
6.4
N #13f
6.5
6.5
N #135
N #139
mm**^v^*^
<) #139
MB^P^^^^^
6.6
6.6
6.1
Fin
6.4
6.5
<1
5.5
6.5
>.6
1.6
i.l
TEMP
°C
5°
5°
6°
6°
HW^HV»
6°
^^^^^*>
6°
m..^^—
b
5
EFF.
%
95.
95.
93.
95.4
^^^B^H
94.9
•^^^^^
95.9
^^p^>^«
93.1
COMMENTS
^^^•^^•^^^HV
•^^^^^^^^^^»
-------
RUN
DATE
RAW
IQRB
NTU
FLOW
SCHEMATIC
CHEMICAL
DOSAGES
PLANT
FLOW
gpm
FILTER
LOADING
ft
RAPID MIX
G'
sec-'
GT
lime
sec
FLOC
G
sec-1
GT
Time
mill
FINISHED WATER
pH
Hours
S0.1
KTU
Hours
to 8'
or 10'
UFRV
sal/ft2
Nee Water
Produced
Raw
RM
Floe
Fin
TEMP
oc
EFF.
COMMENTS
MM
2-25
1.4
Alum = 10
Lime
1986N =
0.25
Ave.
0.79
Max.
0.88
Ave. =
7.2
Max. =
8.0
1440
1320
0.92
70
40740
9.7
12
JJ184
9440
6.7
6.7
6.3
6.6
6.6
6.0
6.6
6.6
6.1
6.6
5.6
5.1
96.1
140
FC
2-25
1.4
SAME AS
RUN #140MM
Ave.
0.81
Max.
0.88
Ave.
7.4
•lax.
8.0
SAM]
AS RUN
#140
10
10
4440
9888
AS R
N #141
MM
U>
140
CC
141
141
CC
2-25
2-27
1.4
1.4
2-27
1.4
SAME AS
RUN #140MM
SAME AS
RUN !?140MM
Ave.
0.80
Max.
0.88
16.0
(We.
7.3
tax.
8.0
4.0
SAM!
SAM]
AS RUN
AS RUN
#140
#140
13
12
13
12
5690
2880
9872
5240
SAME
6.7
6.7
6.4
4S R
N «.4
-------
COMMENTS
U>
(J\
-------
u>
BUN
COMMENT;
-------
COMMENTS
W
-J
-------
U)
00
RUN
COMMENTS
-------
OJ
RUN
COMMENTS
-------
RUN
COMMENTS
-------
RUN
COMMENTS
FC
-------
10
BUN
COMMENTS
-------
w
RUN
COMMENTS
-------
BUN
COMMENTS
Net Water
Produced
gal/ft2
24 Kir
-------
RUN
COMMENT;
-------
RUN
COMMENTS
-------
RUN
COMMENTS
MM
-------
03
RUN
COMMENT:
174
-------
COMMENTS
-------
APPENDIX C-2
DIAGRAMS OF FLOW SCHEMATICS TESTED DURING THE PILOT STUDY
Lime Alum
Polymer
B
D
1 1
Alum
X | 1 "0= |-JL-| mter |-^
Cation-
Polymei
1
ic
Polymer
Jfv/i*Fv/ rvi * mi >
Lin
I
Static
ie Alum
I ._
Mixers
Polvmer
1
* V 4 mt.
St
M
Alum Cat i 01
Lime (or FeCls) Polymi
i
it
i ^
z
— 1
/ A
s
Static
Mixer
Lime Alum
J im
JL^|H
atic
lie n ,
ar Polymer
Fine v Filter
Polymer
1
Tlnr • -- Filtnr
V
^
*w
Figure C-l. Listing of flow schematics tested during pilot study.
150
-------
Lime
Polymer
F
i
£. Drops
V
f
Holding
Basin
I
Filter
I*™"™**™^^
Alum
Cationic „ ,
Lime Polymer Polymer
2 props
I
Filter
Lime Alum
Polymer
H
Static
Mixer
Lime Alum
1 i
Hydraulic
Rapid
Mix
Filter
Lime Alum Polymer
Figure C-l. Listing of flow schematics tested during pilot study.
(continued)
151
-------
Lime Alum Polymer
K
Filter
Lime Alum
1
Static Mixers
Polymer
2 props
M
Filter
Alum
Cationic
Polymer Polymer
Static Mixers
Filter
Figure C-l. Listing of flow schematics tested during pilot study.
(continued)
152
-------
TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
(Please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
1. REPORT NO.
EPA-600/2-79-153
3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
TITLE AND SUBTITLE
SEATTLE TOLT WATER SUPPLY MIXED ASBESTIFORM
REMOVAL STUDY
Appendices B and C
5. REPORT DATE
December 1979 (Issuing Date)
6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
7. AUTHOR(S)
8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO,
Gregory J. Kirmeyer
9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
Water Quality Division
Seattle Water Department
1509 South Spokane Street
Seattle, Washington 98144
10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
1CC614 SOS 1
Task 06
11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.
R-804422
12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory-Gin., OH
Office of Research & Development
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Cincinnati, Ohio 45268
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
Final 5/76 - 11/78
14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
EPA/600/14
15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Appendices B and C are supplementary to main report,
EPA-600/2-79-125. Additional supplementary material is in Appendix D, EPA-600/2-79-126.
Project Officer: Gary Logsdon 513/684-7345.
16. ABSTRACT
For 1 1/2 years the Seattle Water Department conducted direct filtration pilot
plant studies at the Tolt Reservoir, obtaining data on techniques to remove amphibole
and chrysotile asbestos from drinking water. Research showed that filtered water
turbidity should be 0.1 ntu or lower in order to effectively remove fibers. Floccula-
tion was necessary but sedimentation was not. Amphibole fibers are more readily
removed than chrysotile, but both types could be reduced to below detectable limits or
to not statistically significant counts by treatment with alum, lime and a filter aid
(nonionic or anionic polymer); or alum, cationic polymer and a filter aid; or cationic
polymer and a filter aid. Asbestos fiber content of filtered water increased sharply
when filtered water turbidity rose above 0.10 ntu. Asbestos fibers in the concentra-
tions encountered in this study (raw up to 20 x 10 f/L, filtered down to 0.01 x 10
f/L) can not be detected by a turbidimeter; however, the association of rising fiber
counts and turbidities in filtered water would enable a plant operator to estimate
fiber removal by observing turbidity if the filter was operated in the manner done in
this work. Appendix B contains equipment photographs; data on operating conditions,
water quality, fiber counting, and filter media; turbid water test data; results of
sludge studies; and documentation of cost estimation data. Appendix C has details on
conditions for each filter run.
KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTORS
b.IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
COSATI Field/Group
Asbestos, Coagulation, Electron
microscopes, Filtration, Pilot plants,
Potable water, Turbidity, Water
treatment
Seattle, Washington Tolt
Reservoir fiber removal,
Chrysotile, Amphibole,
Direct filtration,
Flocculation
13 B
8. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
RELEASE TO PUBLIC
ep,
UNCLASSIFIED
159
20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)
UNCLASSIFIED
22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
153
« U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1980 -657-146/5555
------- |