EPA-600/4-71-P06
January 1976
Environmental Monitoring Series
                              CODING  MANUAL FOR  THE
    QUALITY ASSURANCE  PERFORMANCE  AUDIT  FOR
                                       AEROMETRIC DATA
                                Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
                                        Office of Research and Development
                                       U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                  Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711

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                 RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES

Research reports of the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency,  have been  grouped into  five series. These five  broad
categories were established to facilitate further development and application of
environmental technology. Elimination of traditional grouping was consciously
planned to foster technology transfer and a maximum interface in related fields.
The five series are:

     1.    Environmental Health Effects Research
     2.    Environmental Protection Technology
     3.    Ecological Research
     4.    Environmental Monitoring
     5.    Socioeconomic  Environmental Studies

This report has been assigned to the ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING series.
This series describes research conducted to develop new or improved methods
and  instrumentation for the identification and quantification of environmental
pollutants at the lowest conceivably significant concentrations. It also includes
studies to determine the ambient concentrations of pollutants in the environment
and/or the variance of pollutants as a function of time or meteorological factors.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Informa-
tion Service. Springfield, Virginia 22161.

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                                           EPA-600/4-76-006
                                             January 1976
    CODING MANUAL FOR THE QUALITY ASSURANCE

     PERFORMANCE AUDIT FOR AEROMETRIC DATA
                       by

      Raymond C; Rhodes and Donald H.  Fair
   Statistical and Technical Analysis  Branch
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
      Research Triangle Park, N.  C.  27711
      U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
       OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND SUPPORT LABORATORY
      RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N. C.  27711
                 January 1976

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                               DISCLAIMER
     This report has been reviewed by the Environmental Monitoring and
Support Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved
for publication.  Mention of trade names or commercial products does not
constitute endorsement or recommendations for use.
                                      u

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                                 CONTENTS




                                                                       Page




List of Figures                                                         iv




Acknowledgment                                                           v




I     Introduction                                                       1




II    Generalized Information                                            3




III   Specific Information                                               5




References                                                              13




Code Table 1 and Code Table 2                                           14




Appendix A                                                              15
                                      in

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                             LIST OF FIGURES
Figure                                                           Page

  1       Sample Data Form for Total Suspended Particulate         9
          for 24-Hour or Greater Sampling Interval

  2       Sample Data Form for Sulfur Dioxide for 24-Hour         10
          or Greater Sampling Interval

  3       Sample Data Form for Nitrogen Dioxide for 24-Hour       11
          or Greater Sampling Interval
                                     IV

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                   ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Acknowledgment is made to Mr. Gardner Evans for his
work in developing a system to process the data to
be received from the regions on the attached forms.

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                 CODING MANUAL FOR THE QUALITY ASSURANCE




                  PERFORMANCE AUDIT FOR AEROMETRIC DATA







I.   INTRODUCTION




     Appendix A of Guideline Document OAQPS No. 1.2-020, "Guidance for




Decentralization and Continued Operation of the NASN," provides instructions




for "Quality Assurance Performance Audits for NASN Network (Independent




Duplicate Checks.)"




     The purpose of this manual is to ensure uniformity in reporting




information obtained through the performance audits for the National Air




Surveillance Network (NASN).  If the performance audit is to be considered




as a source of information  (1) to quantitatively assess data quality resulting




from the measurement system and (2) to indicate when the system is in need of




corrective action, then the audit data must be reported in a meaningful,




uniform manner.  As shown in the figures, a coding form has been designed




which is pollutant/method specific to ensure that the incoming audit data




relate solely to the measurement system by which it was collected and




analyzed.  At present, there are three pollutant/method forms, one each for




total suspended particulate matter (high volume, glass fiber filter),




sulfur dioxide (manual 24-hour, pararosaniline), and nitrogen dioxide




(manual 24-hour, sodium arsenite).  Forms and instructions for other




pollutant/methods may be added later.  Thus, this manual is being published




"prepunched," to be inserted into a three-ring binder so that when other




pollutant/methods in addition to those for NASN are totally defined they




may be inserted easily into the document.  Further, instructions on the

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use of performance audit data by the originating laboratory and other users




will be issued at a later date.




     The Environmental Protection Agency has adopted the SAROAD (Storage




and Retrieval of Aerometric Data) system as its official system for




processing and storing air quality data and for storing the data in a




Data Bank.   (See Reference 7.)  As indicated by the list of references,




several documents have been published relating to and explaining the overall




system.  It  is intended that the established coding structure of SAROAD




be used wherever possible and to marry the audit information to the system




by which the data were collected.




     Any attempt to record the resulting data on forms that are in a format




other than the SAROAD format is likely to result in some confusion and




difficulty.  Admittedly, however, the forms included in this manual are




considered as tentative until their worthiness has been evaluated.  In




addition, new forms will be added for additional pollutants and for




different methods of collection and analyses as the need arises.




     The Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory (EMSL) will monitor




the progress of incoming audit data and will, if necessary, simplify the




forms.   Any  problems with either the auditing process or with the coding of




the data should be made known to the EMSL.




     The completed forms for performance audits should be submitted each




quarter, along with the results of the NASN data, to the EPA Regional




Office.  Initially, the performance audit data should then be submitted




to the EMSL, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina  27711, for review




and analysis.  Appropriate analysis of the data will result in:

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     1.    Establishment of realistic acceptability criteria for




          the performance audit data.




     2.    Appropriate design of data forms.




     3.    Appropriate routine analysis of performance audit data.




Subsequently, the performance audit data will be routinely submitted




from the regions, directly to OAQPS for routine analyses and reporting.







II.  GENERALIZED INFORMATION




     The upper third of each form (Figures 1, 2, and 3) is the portion




which designates the pollutant being audited, the method of collection and




analysis, the state and area within the state that the samples were




collected, and the quarter when the audits were made.  Notice that




blocks 1-23 have been reserved for this information.




     Space at the bottom of the form is provided to give the total number




of analyses performed during the quarter for the specific pollutant/method.




This will be used to calculate audit rate and to generate the probability




levels associated with the summary statistics.




     The auditor and supervisor should sign and date the form.  The completed




form (or duplicate) is then sent to the EPA Regional Office.




     The information required or already preceded is as follows:




     BLOCK NO.




          1         Preceded T, S, or N for Total Suspended Particulate




                    Matter, Sulfur Dioxide, or Nitrogen Dioxide,




                    respectively.  Use the appropriate form for  the




                    pollutant being audited.

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BLOCK NO.




  2-3       SAROAD State Code;  for example,  01 in this block




               refers to Alabama.   (See Appendix A.)




  4 -  7       SAROAD area code;  for example,  if 1860 were coded




               in these blocks following state "01," then it would




               refer to samples collected at any site located in




               Huntsville.  (For complete area codes see Reference SO




               If audits were made at a sampling of all sites




               measuring the specific pollutant method within the




               designated state during the same quarter and if this




               audit information is intended to extend to all the




               sampling sites in the state,  then 9999 should be




               coded in these blocks.




       8       The agency responsible for collection and analysis




               of the original samples.  (See Code Table 1.)




  9-10       The SAROAD project code classification designating




               the objective of the monitoring is shown by Code




               Table 2.  These forms are preprinted with (QA) in




               these columns to designate that all data reported




               thereon are for quality assurance purposes.




      11       The time interval of collection is always "7" for




               the three attached forms, implying 24-hour sampling,




               so the "7" is preprinted.  The time interval may be




               different for other methods.




 12 - 13       The year that samples are collected.

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     BLOCK NO.




           14       The calendar quarter that measurements were taken.




                    Quarters defined in groups of 3 months, beginning with




                    January of each year.  (1-Jan-March, etc.)




      15 - 23       Preceded SAROAD parameter, method, and units for each




                    pollutant method.




      24 - 27       These columns are used to designate decimal point




                    alignment in measurement of operation under consideration.




                    The preprinted numbers in the "DP" column correspond with




                    the darkened arrows in each of the data fields.




                         On the "T" form for suspended particulate (11101)




                    column 26 is used to distinguish between ways of




                    measuring flow rate.  "1" is to be used if measurement




                    is reported in cubic feet/minute and "2" is used for




                    cubic meters/minute.  The values for flow rate in cubic




                    feet/minute should be recorded to the nearest whole




                    number, and a "0" entered in the DP block 25.  Values




                    for cubic meters/minute should be recorded to the




                    nearest 0.01 with a "2" entered in  the DP block 25.




     The remainder of the form is specific to each of the pollutant




monitoring systems being audited.  It should be noted, however, that if only




the alternate check is used, i.e., an independent sample is collected,




analyzed, and processed, only columns 50-59 need be coded.  Refer back to




the OAQPS Guideline Document Number 1.2-020 for details.  Analagously, if




columns 30-49 are coded with audit checks, then columns 50-59 would be left




blank.   (There is a possibility that a monitoring laboratory would decide  to

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 use  both  types  of  audits  simultaneously, but this is not required.)






 III.  SPECIFIC INFORMATION




      a)    Total Suspended Particulate Matter




           For total  suspended particulate matter, there are two audit




           checks on  the system.  The first audits the weighing process;




           the second audits  the air flow.  It is reasonable to assume that




           the sample collected for the weight check is not related to the




           sample being collected during the flow-rate check.  Hence, in




           general, the line  referring to the first audit of the weight does




           not imply  that  it  matches up with the sample collected during the




           flow-rate  check.




      COLUMN NO.                         INFORMATION




       28  - 29       Preceded audit number.  If more than 15 audits are




                     taken during the quarter, simply use another coding




                     form, but renumber starting with 16.




            30       Preceded number 1 to signal that the original weight




                     in mg is to follow.




       31  - 34       Original weight of the exposed filter in mg.  Record to




                     nearest  whole mg.




            35       Preceded number 2 to signal that the check weight  in




                     mg is to follow.




       36  - 39       Weight of the exposed filter, recorded  to the nearest




                     whole mg.




While it is not necessary to subtract the check weight  from the  original




weight, each auditor is encouraged to do so.  A history of  these differences




will soon  enable the auditor to develop a signalling system,  indicating

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when something is out of intuitive limits, so that corrective action can be
taken.
     COLUMN NO.                         INFORMATION
            40      Preceded number 3 to signal that the original flow rate
                                                3
                    in cubic feet per minute (ft /min) is to follow.
       41 - 44      Original flow rate made on-site.  Record the flow rate
                         3                                      3
                    in ft /min to the nearest whole unit or in m /min to the
                    nearest 0.01.
            45      Preceded number 4 to signal that the calibration check
                    data will follow.
       46 - 49      The independent flow rate check using a reference flow
                    rate device is made on-site.  This result should be
                    recorded in column 46-49 to the nearest whole unit if
                      3                             3
                    ft /min or to the nearest 0.01 m /min.
While it is not required, the difference should be recorded for internal
audit assurance purposes.
     b and c)  Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Dioxide
               For S0_ and N02 there are two audit checks on the
               measurement system.  The first checks the analysis portion
               with respect to reference samples, and the second checks
               the air flow at a sampling site.  For these pollutants, the
               audit number serves only to order the results and does not
               mean that reference sample audit number 1 is related to
               flow calibration check number 1.
     COLUMN NO.                         INFORMATION
       28 - 29      Preceded audit number.  If more than 15 audits  are
                    taken during the quarter, simply use another coding

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     COLUMN NO.                         INFORMATION



                    form but remember starting with 16.



            30      Preceded number 1 to signal that the original (target)



                    result of the reference sample in ug/ml will follow.



       31 - 34      Target result of the reference sample in ug/ml recorded



                    to three decimal places.



            35      Preceded number 2 to signal that the regular analyst's



                    result will follow.



       36 - 39      The regular analyst's result of the reference sample



                    in ug/ml to three decimal places.



The difference between the target result (columns 31-34) and the regular



analyst's result (columns 36-39) should be recorded and examined for internal



quality assurance purposes.  This difference can form the basis for deciding



how precise and accurate are the routine laboratory analyses.  While it is



recommended that each laboratory actually subtract this difference, it will



be automatically calculated from the data and, as a consequence, need not



be coded on the form.



     COLUMN NO.                         INFORMATION



            40      Preceded number 3 to signal that the flow rate result



                    from the calibrated rotameter will follow.



       41 - 44      Record the calibrated rotameter results in cubic


                                              3

                    centimeters per minute  (cm /min) to the nearest whole


                      3
                    cm .



            45      Preceded number 4 to signal that the operator's sampled



                    rate will follow.

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     COLUMN NO.                         INFORMATION

       46 - 49      The operator's recording of the sampled flow rate in

                    cm /min.

The difference should be considered by each laboratory for internal quality

assurance purposes.

     If there are problems or questions contact:

               Environmental Monitoring and
                    Support Laboratory (MD-75)
               Environmental Protection Agency
               Research Triangle Park, N.C.  27711

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  1
  Audit

   No.

 28  29
                                                                                 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                                                                            QUALITY ASSURANCE PERFORMANCE AUDIT DATA FORM
                                                                 TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICULATES FOR 24-hour OR GREATER SAMPLING INTERVAL
                             (Agency name)
                                                                                                                                                           St««
                                                                                                                                                                    O.M.B. No. 158 - R0126 Thru September 1976
                                                                                                                                                                     Area
                                                                                                                                                               nn
                 (State name)
Agency    Project    Time     Year     Quarter

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                                            24
                                                    (EPA Region No.)
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Units    (1 if f|3/mnL;

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      234567

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 A Denotes Decimal Point Alignment
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                                                                                                                 (Signature otSupervisor)

                                                                         Figure 1. TSP form, performance audit data.
                                                                                                                                           (Date)


                                                                                                                                           (Date)
         SEND COMPLETED FORM TO:
         Quality Assurance Branch (MD 771
         Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
         U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
         Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27711

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EL
                                                                                     U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                                                                               QUALITY ASSURANCE PERFORMANCE AUDIT DATA FORM
                                                                          FOR SULFUR DIOXIDE FOR 24-hour OR GREATER SAMPLING INTERVAL
                                                                                                                                                                      O.M.B. No. 158 • R012B Thru September 1976
                                                                                                                                                                     State
                                                                                                                                                                                Am
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I
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                                                                                                                             (Signature of Auditor)
                                                                                                                            (Signature of Supervisor)
                                                                             Figure 2. S02 form, performance audit data.
                                                                                                                                                             (Date)
                                                                                                                                                             (Date)
SEND COMPLETED FORM TO:
Quality Assurance Branch (MD-77)
Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Research Triangle Park, N.C.  27711

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                                                                                       U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                                                                               QUALITY ASSURANCE PERFORMANCE AUDIT DATA FORM
                                                                          FOR NITROGEN DIOXIDE FOR Z4-kour OR GREATER SAMPLING INTERVAL
                                                                                                                                                                O.M.B. No. 158 - R0126  Thru September 1976
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                                                                                                                                                15  16 17  18  19
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   £ Denotes Decimal Point Alignment
                                                                                                                       (Signature of Auditor)
                                                                             Figure 3.  N02 form, performance audit data.
                                                                                                                                  (Signature of Supervisor)
                                                                                                                                              (Date)
                                                                                                                                                        (Date)
        SEND COMPLETED FORM TO:
        Quality Assurance Branch (MD-77)
        Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory
        U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
        Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27711

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                                REFERENCES
1.   Fair, D.H., G.B. Morgan, and C.E. Zimmer.  SAROAD System Description
     and Data Coding Manual.  National Air Pollution Control Administration,
     Research Triangle Park, N.C.  Publication Number APTD 68-8.  1968.

2.   Nehls, G.J., D.H. Fair, and J.B. Clements.  National Air Data Bank
     Open for Business.  Environmental Science and Technology.  4^
     November 1970.

3.   Fair, D.H., J.B. Clements, and G.B. Morgan.  SAROAD Parameter Coding
     Manual.  Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, N.C.
     Publication Number APTD 0663.  1971.

4.   User's Manual, SAROAD.  Environmental Protection Agency, Research
     Triangle Park, N.C.  Publication Number APTD 0663.  1971.

5.   Fair, D.H.  SAROAD Station Coding Manual.  Publication Number APTD 0907,
     Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, N.C.  Revised
     1972.

6.   Nehls, G.J., and G.G- Akland.  Procedures for Handling Aerometric
     Data.  J. Air Pollution Control Association, 23, March 1973.

7.   Air Quality Standards, Quarterly Reporting of Data.   Federal Register.
     38:21, February 1, 1973.

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                   Code Table 1.  AGENCY TYPE
A              EPA group responsible for atmospheric surveillance
B              EPA group responsible for meteorological activity
C              EPA group responsible for effects research
D              EPA group responsible for atmospheric research
E              EPA group responsible for abatement activity
F              State agency
G              County agency
H              City agency
I              District agency
J              Private
K              Institution (university, college, etc.)
L              Military
M              International agency
N              Other Federal nonmilitary agencies
0-Y            Open for future expansion
Z              Other

             Code Table 2.  PROJECT CLASSIFICATIONS
     Long-term surveillance codes
     01        Population-oriented surveillance
     02        Source-oriented ambient surveillance
     03        Background surveillance
     Short-term surveillance codes
     04        Complaint investigation
     05        Special studies
     06        Episode monitoring
     07-99     For Federal networks and future expansion
     08        Precipitation study
     10        CAMP
     QA        Quality Assurance
                               14

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       APPENDIX A
   SAROAD STATE CODES
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire  ...
New Jersey
New Mexico
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
New York	33
North Carolina	34
North Dakota	35
Ohio	36
Oklahoma	37
Oregon	38
Pennsylvania 	  39
Puerto Rico	40
Rhode Island	41
South Carolina	42
South Dakota	43
Tennessee	44
Texas	45
Utah	46
Vermont	47
Virginia	48
Washington	49
West Virginia	50
Wisconsin	51
Wyoming  ."	52
             15

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                                     TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
                                 '><• ica
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