•United States HW-8.7
Environmental Protection Agency June 1986
DESCRIPTIONS OF 45 SITES ON PROPOSED UPDATE #5 TO NATIONAL PRIORITIES LIST
This document consists of descriptions of 45 sites proposed in
June 1986 as Update #5 to the National Priorities List (NPL).
In most cases, the size of the site is indicated on the basis of
presently available information. The size may change in the future
as additional information is gathered on the extent of contamination.
All sites are arranged alphabetically by State and by site.
Remedial Actions Under Superfund
Superfund is a national Trust Fund established by Congress to pay
the costs not assumed by responsible parties for cleaning up abandoned
or uncontrolled hazardous waste sites that threaten public health,
welfare, or the environment. Authorized by the Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA), the Superfund
program is managed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
CERCLA defines two types of responses that may be taken when a
hazardous substance is released (or threatens to be released) into the
environment:
o Removals, emergency-type actions similar to although broader in
scope than those formerly taken under Section 311 of the Clean
Water Act. Typically, these actions are limited to 6 months
and/or $1 million.
o Remedial actions, responses intended to provide permanent
solutions at hazardous waste sites. They are generally longer-term
and more expensive than removals. A Superfund remedial action
can be taken only if a site is on the NPL. After publishing two
preliminary lists and proposing a formal list, EPA published the
first NPL in September 1983. CERCLA requires that the list be
updated at least annually.
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The money for conducting a remedial action at a hazardous waste site
can cone from several sources:
o Superfund can pay for the cleanup.
o The party or parties responsible for the wastes can clean them up
voluntarily.
o The responsible party or parties can be forced to clean up by
legal action.
o A State or local government can choose to assume the responsibility
to clean up without Federal dollars.
A remedial action under Superfund is an orderly process that generally
involves the following sequence of activities:
o Taking any measures needed to stabilize conditions, which might
involve, for example, fencing the site or removing above-ground
drums or bulk tanks. Such measures usually would be required in
the later phases of cleanup.
o Undertaking initial planning activities, which involve collecting
all the information needed to develop a coherent strategy and to
assist in selecting an appropriate course of action.
o Conducting remedial planning activities, which involve:
— Carrying out a remedial investigation to determine the type
and extent of contamination at the site.
•— Conducting a feasibility study to analyze various cleanup
alternatives. The feasibility study is often conducted with
the remedial investigation as one project. Typically, the two
together cost $800,000 and take from 9 to 18 months to complete.
— Selecting the "cost-effective" remedy—that is, the alternative
that provides the most protection to human health and the
environment at the least cost.
o Designing the remedy. Typically, the design phase costs $440,000
and takes 6 to 12 months.
o Implementing the remedy, which might involve, for example,
constructing facilities to treat ground water or removing con-
taminants to a safe disposal area away from the site. The
implementation phase typically lasts 6 to 12 months.
The State government can participate in cleaning up a site under
Superfund in one of two ways:
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o The State can take the lead role under a cooperative agreement,
which is much like a grant because Federal dollars are trans-
ferred to the State. The State then develops a workplan,
schedule, and budget, contracts for any services it needs, and is
responsible for making sure that all the conditions in the
cooperative agreement are met. In contrast to a grant, EPA
continues to be substantially involved and monitors.the State's
progress throughout the project.
o EPA can take the lead under a Superfund State Contract with the
State having an advisory role. EPA, generally using contractor
support, manages work early in the planning process. In the
later design and implementation (construction) phases, contractors
do the work under the supervision of the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers.
Under both arrangements, the State must share in the cost of the
implementation phase of cleanup. EPA expects remedial actions to average
out at about $7.2 million per site.
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
APACHE POWDER CO.
Benson, Arizona
Apache Powder Co. has manufactured explosives and fertilizers since
1929 in Benson, Cochise County, Arizona. Large quantities of nitrates
have been used. Prior to 1971, all waste water drained to dry washes on-
site that flowed to the San Pedro River. Since that time, waste water
has been contained in unlined ponds ranging from 6 to 8 feet deep and
covering more than 10 acres. The waste water contains elevated levels
of nitrate. In ]982, EPA found more than 13,480 parts per million .
nitrate nitrogen in a sample. Soil in the bottom of the dry ponds
also contains high levels of nitrate nitrogen, as does ash in a burning ....
ground located in a dry wash.
EPA detected toxic heavy metals in the lagoons and on-site wells
at levels above drinking water standards. Downgradient of Apache
Powder, 1] shallow wells contain nitrate nitrogen in excess of the
drinking water standards, according to EPA. The maximum concentration
found was in the well closest to Apache Powder. Nitrogen isotope
analysis of this well positively identified Apache Powder's ponds as
the source, but was inconclusive for other wells. Nine of the 11
wells were used for drinking water. About 900 people get drinking
water frcra the shallow aquifer within 3 miles of the site. Because
nitrate is very mobile, it is likely that it precedes the migration of
toxic heavy metals, which will likely follow the same path.
A deeper artesian aquifer is not contaminated to date, but there
may be danger of contamination in the future.
EPA has also detected elevated nitrate levels in the San Pedro
River, which borders the plant.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
HASSAXAMPA LANDFILL
Hassayanpa, Arizona
The Hassayanpa Landfill covers 77 acres 40 miles west of Phoenix,
in Hassayanpa, Maricopa County, Arizona. Since 1961, the landfill,
owned and operated by the county, has accepted municipal refuse.
Between April 1979 and October 1980, the landfill was designated by the
county as an interim disposal site for solid and liquid hazardous waste.
On-site monitoring wells are contaminated with chlorinated organic
solvents, including 1,1,1-trichloroethane and trichloroethylene,
according to tests conducted by the Arizona Department of Health Services.
To date, contamination has not been detected at off-site wells. At least
350 people draw drinking water from private wells within 3 miles of the
site. About 2,800 acres of farmland are irrigated by wells within 3
miles.
Hassayampa River, an intermittent stream, is 0.8 miles east of the
landfill.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
MESA AREA GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION
Mesa, Arizona
Volatile organic solvents contaminate five wells in Mesa, Maricopa
County, Arizona. Trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, 1,1,-dichloro-
ethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and Freon-113 were detected in tests
conducted by the Arizona Department of Health Services and the City of
Tempe. Two of the wells are owned by the Cities of Mesa and Tempe.
The other three are owned by the Salt River Project and pump into the
Taupe Canal, a source of irrigation water for about 20,000 acres and a
source of raw water for the South Tempe Municipal Water Treatment Plant.
The area is highly urbanized, and the Tempe well pumps into a
municipal supply system serving an estimated 126,000 people.
EPA is in the process of identifying potential sources of the contami-
nation.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)rSuperfund")
REVERE TEXTILE PRINTS CORP.
Sterling, Connecticut
The Revere Textile Prints Corp. Site covers 2 to 3 acres in the
center of the Town of Sterling, Windham County, Connecticut. The
textile processing facility first operated over 50 years ago as the
U.S. Finishing Co. It was later sold to an individual who gave it
the current name. In 1978, a town employee allegedly observed
Revere Textile employees durping barrels of wastes into the Moosup
River. The facility was destroyed by fire in March 1980. Following
the fire, a number of drums were evident in the ruins of two buildings
on the site.
In June 1980, the property was again sold. On the site at the
time were over 1,500 drums leaking their contents of dyes, paints,
solvents, and heavy metals onto the ground. In September 1980, the
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection (CT DEP) detected
over 30 compounds, including benzene, toluene, cyclohexane, isopropyl
ether, xylene, 1,1,2-trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and
heavy metals, in the drums and soil on-site. Later in the month,
CT DEP issued a five-part order against the new owner to clean up the
site.
In 1982, ownership of the site was transferred to Sterling
Industrial Park Corp. (SIPC). After several CT DEP inspections and
rounds of sampling, the drums were removed in September 1983 by a
contractor hired by SIPC. An unknown quantity of contaminated soil was
also removed.
A consultant hired by SIPC to do a hydrogeological investigation
sampled on-site monitoring wells in January and March 1984. Toluene,
1,1,2-trichloroethylene, and 1,1,1-trichloroethane were detected, the
maximum concentration being 14 parts per billion. About 4,500 people
in Sterling and the surrounding area depend on ground water as their
sole source of drinking water.
Analyses of the Moosup River downgradient of the site detected
],1,2-trichloroethylene. The river is used for recreation. In addition,
volatile organic chemicals were detected during the investigation in
the only soil sample for which results are available. Following
publication of the results frcm the hydrogeological investigation,
CT DEP verified that the site owner was in compliance with the cleanup
order.
In April 1985, while conducting a site inspection, EPA sampled
three water supply wells within 1 mile of the site and found none of
the suspected contaminants in any of the wells.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
TYLER REFRIGERATION PIT
Smyrna, Delaware
The Tyler Refrigeration Pit Site involves a 500-cubic-yard unlined
pit in Stayrna, Kent County, Delaware. Fran 1952 to 1969, Tyler, which
used solvents to degrease and clean refrigeration equipment, disposed of
spent solvents, mostly trichloroethylene (TCE), and sludge in the pit.
Later, Tyler excavated the pit to about 20 feet, filled it in, capped it
with 6 inches of top soil and clay, and planted vegetation. The site is
now occupied by Metal Masters, which manufactures commercial kitchen
equipment.
In 1982, EPA detected elevated levels of toluene, l,]-dichloroethane,
and ],],]-trichloroethane in on-site soils.
Since 1977, TCE has been detected in Smyrna municipal wells.
To remove contamination from the wells, the town improved the efficiency
of its air stripping process and added an activated carbon filtration unit
to its water treatment system. The contamination in Smyrna's wells has
significantly declined, and the treatment system continues in operation.
According to the Delaware Department of Natural Resources .and
Environmental Control, the Tyler pit is a likely contributor to the
contamination of Smyrna's wells, although there may be other sources.
About 6,700 people depend on wells, both municipal and private, within 3
miles of the site for their drinking water.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
PIPER AIRCRAFT OORP./VERO BEACH WATER & SEWER DEPARTMENT
Vero Beach, Florida
The Piper Aircraft Corp./vero Beach water & Sewer Department site
covers 8 acres in Vero Beach, Indian River County, Florida. Piper assembles
and paints light aircraft at the southern end of the Vero Beach Municipal
Airport. In 1980, an unknown amount of trichloroethylene leaked from an
underground storage tank and distribution system and contaminated with
volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) a nearby municipal well of the Vero
Beach Water and Sewer Department. The well, which was subsequently shut
down, was part of a municipal system serving about 33,000 people. Six
months later the city developed two other wells to replace the closed
one.
In 1981, the State took an enforcement action requiring Piper Aircraft
to conduct a monitoring, testing, and treatment program at the site.
Piper repaired the faulty equipment and in April 1981 began to pump out
the contaminated ground water. To date, the pumping has yielded approxi-
mately 2,050 gallons of VOCs, including trichloroethylene, cis-trans-l,2-di-
chloroethylene, vinyl chloride, and 1,1-dichloroethylene. The contaminated
water is sprayed into the air to enhance removal of VOCs and is discharged
into the Main Canal leading to the Indian River.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfgnd")
SYDNEY MINE SLUDGE PONDS
Brandon, Florida
The Sydney Mine Sludge Ponds cover 2.1 acres in Brandon, Hillsborough
County, Florida. The ponds are part of an old 1,700-acre phosphate strip
mine and were used for storing and dewatering waste clays and tailings
from phosphate ore processing. The Hillsborough County Division of
Public Utilities leases the land from American Cyanamid Co. and used two
on-site ponds from 1974 to 1982. The larger pond (1.5 acres) received
primarily septic sludge and the smaller pond (0.6 acres) received the
grease trappings from commercial restaurants, industrial cutting oil, and
other types of waste oil. The total volume of wastes in both pits is
over 6,000 cubic yards.
Tests conducted by EPA in 1979 found arsenic and lead in the septic
sludge pond and 1,1,1-trichloroethane and toluene in the oil pond. EPA
also detected 1,1-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethene, toluene, and benzene
in ground water that forms the secondary artesian aquifer developed in
the Hawthorne Formation. Over 4,000 persons draw water from wells into
this aquifer within 3 miles of the site.
Turkey Creek is contaminated with cadmium, chromium, lead, and zinc,
according to EPA. The creek is about 0.5 miles to the east of the
site.
The county is working with consultants to determine the best
method for cleaning up the site. The county has constructed an under-
ground slurry wall around the ponds to prevent contaminants from escaping
and ground water from entering. Also, the county is pumping out the
contaminated ground water within the wall, treating it, and spraying the
treated water onto the ground. Incineration of sludges in the pond is
scheduled to get underway shortly.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund"
TRI-COUNTY LANDFILL CO./WASTE MANAGEMENT OF ILLINOIS, INC.
South Elgin, Illinois
The Tri-County Landfill Co./Vfeste Management of Illinois, Inc., Site
covers approximately 46 acres in South Elgin, Kane County, Illinois.
This site was originally owned and operated by Tri-County Landfill Co.
(1968-73). It had a permit from the State to accept general municipal
refuse. Waste Management of Illinois, Inc., operated the site from 1973
until it closed in 1977. The property owner from 1973 to present is
Michigan Avenue National Bank.
In May 1984, EPA detected cyanide, benzene, chlorobenzene, and 1,1-
dichloroethane in monitoring wells downgradient of the landfill. Over
10,000 people use wells within 3 miles of the site for drinking water.
This population figure includes the towns of Valley View and South Elgin,
which are served by municipal systems. A residential well is 1,800 feet
from the site.
The Fox River, approximately 1 mile west of the site, is used
extensively for fishing and boating. A fresh-water wetland is 1,100 feet
from the site.
In March 1971, the Elgin Jaycees filed suit against Tri-County
Landfill Co. for allegedly violating the Illinois Environmental Protection
Act with respect to "water, soil, leaching, and air pollution." In 1973,
the Illinois Pollution Control Board ruled in favor of the complainants,
issuing a penalty and invoking a bond to be posted to ensure compliance
with two Consent Orders resulting from findings in the case. There
are no records indicating further actions.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund")
DOUGLASS ROAD/UNIPOYAL, INC., LANDFILL
Mishawaka, Indiana
The Douglass Road/tihiroyal, Inc., Landfill covers approximately 19
acres in St. Joseph County just north of Mishawaka, Indiana, near the
corner of Douglass Road and Grape Road. The landfill is owned by
Uniroyal, Inc., and was operated between 1954 and 1979. From 1954 to
1971, solvents, fly ash, paper, wood stock, rubber, and plastic wrap were
disposed at the landfill, which was unlined. Only fly ash was disposed
fron 1971 to 1979. Uniroyal then covered the landfill with 1 foot of
topsoil and seeded it.
According to Uniroyal, sane 6,000 barrels of waste were disposed at
the landfill, including methyl ethyl ketone, tetrahydrofuran, toluene,
cyclohexanone, and xylene.
The landfill is underlain by permeable soils and is located in an
area of glacial sand and gravel deposits, conditions that facilitate
the movement of contaminants into ground water, as well as the rapid
movement of ground water. The South Bend Water Department has seven
wells within 3 miles of the site. They draw water for public consumption
from a sand and gravel aquifer at an average depth of 150 feet. The*
Water Department serves approximately 120,000 people.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
SOUTHSIDE SANITARY LANDFILL
Indianapolis, Indiana
Southside Sanitary Landfill covers 34 acres of the White River
floodplain in southwest Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana. Landfill
Management owns the site and started landfilling in December 1971 and is
still in business. The site is adjacent to the Envirochem Corp. Site,
which was placed on the NPL in September 1983.
In 1971, the north side of the area was licensed by both Marion
County and the State for disposal of solid wastes. A 100-foot strip of
land was excavated to depths of 3 to 6 feet. The loose dirt was piled on
a 50-foot strip of land immediately south of the excavated area for use
later as cover material. After the first excavated area was filled by
alternate dumping of refuse and covering with a layer of dirt, a second
area was excavated J50 feet south of the first one. After these areas
were filled, the land between the two was excavated. More than 4
million cubic yards of waste have been buried at the landfill, according
to estimates made by the U.S. Geological Survey. The wastes include coal
tar, asbestos insulation, iron oxide sludge, paint waste, and clarifier
sludge.
Metals, including arsenic, chromium, cadmium, and nickel, are
present in ground water, according to analyses conducted by EPA.
The landfill lies above a continuous shallow sand and gravel deposit
along White River, Fall Creek and Eagle Creek. About 6,100 people depend
on private wells drawing on the shallow deposit. The area has been
described by several sources, including the Indiana State Board of Health,
as having the greatest potential for ground water development (in terms
of well yield) of any area in Marion County.
Eagle Creek is contaminated with metal compounds (aluminum, lead,
and zinc), according to tests conducted by EPA. The creek is used for
fishing and boating. All of White River and Eagle Creek are a potential
habitat for the Indiana bat, a species designated as endangered by the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
The landfill continues to operate as a solid waste disposal facility
under a State permit. The State has taken an enforcement action based
on permit violation and is negotiating a settlement for the alleged
violation with owners and operators involved with the site. In addition,
the State is discussing measures to control leachate with the current
owner/operator.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
RED QftK CITY LANDFILL
Red Oak, Iowa
The Red Oak City Landfill covers 40 acres in Red Oakf Montgomery
County, Iowa. It was owned and operated by the city from 1962 to 1974.
It is now owned by a private citizen. In June ]981, union Carbide
Corp. and Uniroyal, Inc., notified EPA, as required by CERCLA section
103(c), that wastes buried in the landfill contained lead, mercury,
toluene, tetrachloroethylene, diacetone alcohol, and methyl isobutyl
ketone.
The landfill is in permeable soil. It has no liner and was
inadequately covered when it closed, according to an inspection
conducted by EPA. The contents are exposed along the bank of the East
Nishnabotna River and elsewhere. In September ]984, EPA observed
leachate from the landfill seeping into the river and collected samples
of ground water, surface water, and sediment. Analyses detected toluene,
chlorobenzene, and ],!,! -trichloroethane.
About 7,000 people depend on ground water within 3 miles of the
site as a source of drinking water. The nearest residence uses a
private well ],800 feet from the landfill. Prime agricultural land is
adjacent to the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund")
HOWE VALLEY LANDFILL
Howe Valley, Kentucky
Howe Valley Landfill is an inactive industrial waste landfill in
eastern Hardin County/ Kentucky, approximately 4 miles southwest of the
coimunity of Howe Valley. Kentucky Industrial Services operated the
landfill from 1967 through 1976, when its State industrial waste disposal
permit expired. Current ownership of the site has not yet been determined,
The site is in a ]0-acre sinkhole. In 1919, the Kentucky Natural
Resources and Environmental Protection Cabinet (KNREPC) conducted a dye
trace study that established a positive connection between the site and
local ground water. Steel-manufacturing sludges, plating sludges,
galvanizing wastes, insulation, and insulation by-products are probably
buried in the landfill, according to State files. Wastes were disposed
of in drums and also in bulk. Waste insulation material and drums are
exposed on the surface of the sinkhole. Surface soil and sediment from
surface water on the site contain elevated concentrations relative to
background of arsenic, chromium, and other metals, according to tests
conducted by EPA.
-Within ] mile of the site are 25 residences using private wells
because public water is not available. A large spring used as a public
water supply is located 2 miles from the site. This spring serves
approximately 35,000 people.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
COMBUSTION, INC.
Denham Springs, Louisiana
The Combustion, Inc., Site covers approximately 6 acres in Denham
Springs, Livingston Parish, Louisiana. Prior to late 1980, the
company transported nonreclaimable tars, paraffins, waste oil, sediments,
and waste water to the site via pipeline from its petroleum hydrocarbon
recycling plant located approximately 0.25 miles to the southeast.
During the life of the facility, 11 irregularly shaped earthen pits wsr®
constructed; five contain oily wastes, three contain oil and waste water,
and three contain principally waste water. Approximately 3 million
gallons of material are in the pits. Although the pits were constructed
to isolate the wastes, they are connected by a series of trenches or
pipes that allow mixing.
Two above-ground tanks are also located on the Combustion, Inc.,
property? a 20,000-gallon tank and a 30,000-gallon tank. These tanks
were used primarily for storing the wastes before they were processed
to recover oil, but they may have been used for other storage at times.
In addition, Dubois, Inc., the previous owner of the property, may have
treated potentially hazardous chemicals other than waste oils on the
site.
Combustion, Inc., began to close the facility late in 1980, and by
May 1982, had completely shut down operations. In October 1983, the
Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) analyzed wastes
from the site and found they contained PCBs, volatile organic chemicals,
and heavy metals. In February 1985, LDEQ detected lead and thallium
in ground water at the site, and volatile organic chemicals in the
air. Ground water within 3 miles of the site is used for irrigation
and drinking water. About 500 people live within 1 mile of the site.
On Jan. 18, 1984, a State Compliance Order was issued to the site
owner. The property has allegedly been sold to unknown parties, and the
former owner says he is financially unable to clean up the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund">
AMERICAN ANODCO, INC.
Ionia, Michigan
The American Anodco, Inc./ Site covers approximately 5 acres in
Ionia, Ionia County, Michigan. This company has cleaned, brightened,
anodized, and sealed aluninum parts for the automotive industry on the
site since 1962 and has owned the property since then.
The company disposes of process and cooling water in a 7-foot deep
unlined seepage lagoon measuring 207 feet x 60 feet. The lagoon holds
an estimated 2,400 cubic yards of waste. According to analyses conducted
by EPA, the water placed in the lagoon contains nitric acid and chronium.
The potential for ground water contamination is high because the
subsurface consists of highly permeable glacial drift, mainly sand and
gravel, and because wastes can easily enter the ground water from the
unlined lagoon. The glacial drift aquifer underlying American Anodco,
Inc., supplies public and private wells within 3 miles of the site which
serve over 10,000 people.
EPA detected low levels of arsenic in Prairie Creek, which is near
the site. Grand River, which is within 3 miles of the site, is used for
fishing and recreation.
Pi Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
POLKERTSMA REFUSE
Grand Rapids, Michigan
The Folkertsma Refuse Site covers 8 acres in Grand Rapids, Kent
County, Michigan. Fran 1965 to 1969, the site operated as a sanitary
landfill and was also licensed by the State to accept industrial waste.
Muck was excavated to a depth of 4 to 10 feet, and the area was filled in
with waste; 99 percent of the waste was foundry sand and the rest was
construction debris. The water table is 2 feet below the surface.
According to the original owner, Waste Management of Michigan, Inc.,
owned and operated the site from 1969 to 1972 under the name Industrial
Disposal. Again, foundry sand, which contains iron, was accepted.
In 1972, the original owner bought back the property, closed the
landfill, and covered it with foundry sand. Since then, Bergsna Pallet
Co., a wood pallet business, has occupied the site.
In June 1984, EPA took sediment samples in a drainage ditch that
originates in the northwest portion of the landfill. On-site samples, as
well as downstream off-site samples, contain high levels of sanivolatile
compounds and heavy metals. The ditch drains into Indian Mill Creek at
• the south end of- the fill, via an unnamed creek and drainage pipe.
Indian Mill Creek flows into the Grand River.
The site is in a river valley directly north of the city limits of
Grand Rapids. About 3,600 people draw drinking water from private wells
within 3 miles of the site. One well is on the site. During the summer,
the Grand Rapids Water Department, which serves 235,000 people, draws
water from the Grand River 1.7 miles downstream of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)rSuperfund")
J&L LANDFILL
Rochester Hills, Michigan
The J&L Landfill covers 100 acres on Hand in Road in Rochester Hills,
Oakland County, Michigan. Recently, the owner, Jones & Laughlin Steel
Corp., assumed the nane of its parent company, LTV Steel Corp.
While the landfill operated (1967 to 1980), approximately 1.5
million cubic feet of wastes, including dusts from emission control
devices in electric furnaces, were buried at depths of up to 25 feet.
Analyses conducted by the company detected manganese, chromium, and
nickel in dusts at the site.
The landfill has no liner and is located in a stratification
consisting of sands and gravels extending between 18 and 35 feet below
the surface. These materials facilitate the movement of contaminants
into ground water. About 1,500 people depend on shallow wells within
3 miles of the site as a source of drinking water. The nearest
well is less than 2,000 feet from the site.
Ladd Drain borders the site and flows into Clinton River, which
flows through the Rochester-Utica Recreation Area less than 1 mile from
the landfill.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
LAGRAND SANITARY LANDFILL
LaGrand Township, Minnesota
The LaGrand Sanitary Landfill covers 5.6 acres in LaGrand Township
5 miles west of Alexandria, Douglas County, Minnesota. The landfill
received mixed municipal refuse fron 1974 to 1985. The landfill was
permitted by the State to accept mixed municipal and nonhazardous
industrial refuse.
In 1977, the original owner/operator transferred the permit and
title to Valley Disposal, Inc. The landfill discontinued operations in
March 1985.
In January 1980, 140 cubic yards of soil containing 900 gallons of
number 3 diesel fuel were improperly disposed of, according to the
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA). Analyses of samples by
the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) indicate that ground water
on-site is contaminated with low levels of volatile organic compounds.
To date, the two nearest residential wells are not contaminated,
according to MDH analyses. Approximately 1,100 people depend on wells
within 3 miles of the site for drinking water. A wetland is less than 1
mile downstream of the site.
The landfill has been in an almost constant state of nonccmpliance
with solid waste regulations. In April 1983, MPCA and Valley Disposal,
Inc., signed a Stipulation Agreement intended to bring the landfill
into compliance with its permit. Presently, the State and Valley
Disposal, Inc., are negotiating a closure plan for the landfill.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund")
MONTANA POLE & TREATING
6utter Montana
Montana Pole & Treating owned and operated a 40-acre site in Butte,
Silver Bow County, Montana, from ]947 to 1983. The plant preserved
utility poles, posts, and bridge timbers with a solution of 5 percent
pentachlorophenol (PCP) in petroleum.
Soils on the site are highly contaminated with PCP and other highly
toxic compounds, according to tests conducted by the Montana Department
of Health and Environmental Services. Monitoring wells also contain
PCP, according to the State. Condensate fron the pole-treating operations
has been discharged to a ditch that is adjacent to the plant and runs
towards Silver Bow Creek. The State has detected PCP in the creek.
About 300 people get drinking water from private wells within 3
miles of the site. The nearest well is about 0.2 miles away. About
200 acres of land are irrigated by wells within 3 miles of the site.
In July 1985, using CERCLA emergency funds, EPA started measures to
contain PCP-containing oil that was discharging into the creek. Oil is
being pumped out of ground water at the rate of 700 to 800 gallons per
day, and trenches have been built to recover the oil. EPA detected
various dioxin isomers in on-site soils and has installed 14 new
monitoring wells to track the contaminated ground-water plume.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
BIOCLINICAL LABORATORIES, INC.
Bohemia, New York
BioClinical Laboratories, Inc., formulated and mixed organic and
inorganic chemicals for repackaging and distribution in Bohemia, Suffolk
County, New York, frcra ]978 to 398]. The company occupied one 3,000-
square-foot unit of a ]0 unit one-story brick building.
Drums used for mixing chemicals were washed for reuse; the rinse
water was routinely dumped down sink drains or directly onto the ground.,
Leaking drums containing hazardous wastes were stored outdoors for long
periods of time, according to Suffolk County. After receiving complaints,
the County Department of Health investigated and sampled surface water,
storm drains, sanitary drains, and leaching pools on the site. The Health
Department detected high levels of organic solvents and heavy metals,
chloroform at particularly high levels. In November 1981, five months
after the highest level of chloroform was confirmed, the Health Department
ordered the company to pump out a septic tank and pool.
In August 1981, the county issued a Consent Order to BioClinical
Laboratories, citing several violations, including improperly storing
hazardous materials, discharging materials in excess of ground water
standards, and not possessing a permit under the State Pollution Discharge
Elimination System. The company has not installed monitoring wells, as
requested by the Health Department. BioClinical Laboratories evacuated
the site following a fire in July 1981. The site is currently occupied
by the American Flagpole Division of Kearney National Co.
One well in Suffolk County Water Authority's Locust Avenue Well
Field is within 0.5 miles of the site. The well taps the contaminated
aquifer, which is the sole source of drinking water for about 11,000
people within 3 miles of the site.
Rattlesnake Brook, which is used for recreation, is within 3 miles
of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
CONKLIN DUMPS
Conklin, New York
The Conklin Dumps Site consists of two abandoned landfills located
on a 619-acre tract of land in Conklin/ Broome County, New York. The
Town of Conklin owned and operated the landfills fron 1964 to 1975.
The lower or eastern-most landfill, which operated from 1964 to
]969, consists of three linear trenches. Assuming an average depth of 30
feet for each trench, the lower landfill contains approximately 3.7
million cubic feet of waste material. Preliminary indications are that
the landfill contains municipal solid waste, according to a consultant to
the Broone County Industrial Development Agency (BIDA), which is considering
purchasing the property to create an industrial park. Seme industrial
and chemical wastes also may have been deposited.
The upper landfill operated from ]969 until it closed in 1975 under
a closure order issued by the State. Most of the waste deposited in this
landfill was placed in six unlined cells; subsequently, additional waste
material was piled over the cells. The majority of the waste is municipal
solid waste, although sampling indicates that some industrial and chemical
waste may have been deposited. Assuming an average depth of 25 feet, the
total filled volume of this landfill is estimated at 6.9 million cubic feet.
The State has observed leachate fron the dumps draining towards
Carlin Creek, a tributary to the Susquehanna River, which is used for
recreation. Ground water on the site is grossly contaminated with arsenic,
chromium, mercury, and various organic chemicals, according to tests
conducted by BIDA's consultant. Private wells near the site contain high
levels of arsenic and traces of organic chemicals, according to the
consultant and the New York State Department of Health.
One of the dumps is in highly permeable soils and is about 800 feet
upgradient from residential areas using private wells. About 2,000 people
depend on ground water within 3 miles of the site as a source- of drinking
water. On the site is a large wetland designated by the U.S. Department
of the Interior as an important biological resource.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund")
GENZALE PIATING CO.
Franklin Square, New York
The Genzale Plating Co. Site covers approximately 0.5 acres in
Franklin Square on Long Island, Nassau County, New York. Starting in
about 1955, the company discharged waste water containing heavy metals,
including chromium, copper, nickel, and zinc, to three leaching pools in
the rear of the site.
In 398], the Nassau County Health Department ordered the company to
stop the discharge. The company complied with this order. In 1983, the
company hauled sludge in the pools and some contaminated soil away from
the site.
Soil on the site is permeable, thus threatening a Franklin Square
Water District well that is 1,700 feet downgradient of the site. The
district supplies water to about 20,000 people. Another 32,000 people
are supplied by West Hempstead-Hempstead Water District wells within 3
miles of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
MALTA ROCKET FUEL AREA
Malta, New York
The Malta Rocket Fuel Area is located in the Town of Malta,
Saratoga County, New York. The site consists of about 445 acres, of
which approximately 145 acres are enclosed by chain!ink fencing with
barbed wire. The 300 acres outside the fence are wooded and essentially
have no industrial activity of the kind carried on inside the fenced
portion. An extensive residential subdivision, Luther Forest, is
.approximately 1 mile to the southwest of the area. The land north,
east, and south is uninhabited for at least 1 mile.
Beginning in the 1940s and continuing through the mid 1960s, General
Electric Co0 (GE) operated a Rocket Test Station as a contractor to the U.S.
Government, which owned the site. GE tested ordnance and rocket engines,
which included experimentation with exotic rocket fuels. The site was
operated under some level of security, and many records have been destroyed,
making it difficult to assemble an accurate record of past activities.
In the-mid 1960s, the New York State Energy Resources and Development
Authority (NYSERDA) bought the entire site from the U.S. Government and
began leasing portions of the fenced 145 acres to-various companies
engaged in energy-related research. Wright-Malta Corp., a company
started by former GE employees, continued some of the ordnance testing
and branched off into energy-related research as well (for example,
pyrolysis of solid waste and burning the off-gases to generate electricity).
In the fall of 1984, NYSERDA sold about 85 of the 145 acres inside the
fence to Wright-Malta Corp. Currently, three other companies operate on
the site in addition to Wright-Malta.
•In June 1979, NYSERDA contacted the State Department of Health
(DOH) and the State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) for
advice on how to dispose of rocket fuels left over from GE's earlier
research. Because of the extremely hazardous nature of at least one of
the fuels, unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine, the regulatory agencies
took a year to agree on the best disposal method. In July 1980, a
restricted burning permit was issued to NYSERDA and its disposal
contractor. The fuels were then burned under the direction of DEC.
Recent analyses conducted by DOH and DEC detected significant
concentrations of carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, chloroform,
and dibromochloranethane in the three drinking water wells at the Test
Station. One of the wells serves as a backup, but is rarely used. DOH
has advised the tenants not to drink the water. About 1,900 people are
served by wells within 3 miles of the site.
The soils in the area are sandy, with ground water occurring at
approximately 20 feet below grade. The water supply for Luther Forest
consists of two shallow wells in the sand aquifer located approximately
6,000 feet to the southwest and apparently downgradient of the Test Station.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfjund")
RICHARDSON HILL ROAD LANDFILL/POND
Sidney Center, New York
The Richardson Hill Road Landfill/Pond Site consists of 2 areas
covering approximately 5 acres on the west side of Richardson Hill Road
in Sidney Center, Delaware County, New York. Along the eastern edge of
the landfill is a waste oil pond measuring 20 feet by 80 feet. Bendix
Corp.'s electrical components division disposed of waste oils, equipment,
and parts at the site from 1963 until 1970, when it was closed by the
State. The Town of Sidney's sanitary landfill is north of the site on
the other side of Richardson Hill Road.
Two springs near the site are contaminated with 1,2-transdichloroethylene
and trichloroethylene, according to tests conducted by EPA in 19B1.
About 1,000 people depend on private wells within 3 miles of the site for
drinking water. The nearest well is less than 2,000 feet frcm the site.
No alternate water supply is available. The contaminated ground water
can move to a deeper aquifer that is not contaminated at present.
Directly east and across the road from the site is a marshy area
with two beaver ponds. The marshy area drains to Herrick Hollow Creek,
which flows into Trout Creek. "Eventually, the drainage reaches the
Cannonsville Reservoir, which is part of the New York City drinking water
supply system.
During an inspection conducted in ]984, the State observed crushed
drums in the waste oil pond. The site was unfenced. The marshy area
nearby was covered with oil and sludge, and odors were noticeable.
In recent tests, Bendix Corp. detected PCBs in the waste oil pond
and in two of several private wells sampled in the area. The company
plans to install carbon filters in these homes to treat the water.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund"
ROME INDUSTRIES GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION
Noyack/Sag Harbor, New York
Ground water contaminated with various chlorine-containing organic
chemicals has affected approximately 15 homes and is threatening 13 others
with individual wells in the Noyack/Sag Harbor area of Long Island,
Suffolk County, New York. Within 3 miles of the site are about 3,500
residents served by private wells and 2,500 people served by two Suffolk
County Water Authority wells.
Testa conducted by the Suffolk County Department of Health (SCDH)
indicate that the plume is about 500 feet wide and 2,600 feet long. To
date, contamination has been verified from ]2 feet below the surface to
depths greater than 124 feet, with high concentrations of contaminants
occurring at between 40 and 82 feet. A preliminary investigation by SCDH
implicates Rowe Industries, which formerly occupied the site now occupied
by Sag Harbor Industries, as the source of contamination. The site
investigation is continuing.
When SCDH detected the contamination in private wells, it advised
the affected residents not to drink the water, not to use it for cooking,
and to limit its use for bathing to short tepid showers. A local fire
station provided drinking water. In early ]985, EPA used CERCIA emergency
funds to extend public water supply mains to the 25 heroes.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
CAPE FEAR WOOD PRESERVING
Fayetteville, North Carolina
The Cape Fear Wbod Preserving Site covers about 41 acres in a
suburban area in Fayetteville, Cumberland County, North Carolina. Fran
1953 to 1978, the company treated wood with creosote, chromium-copper-
arsenic, and pentachlorophenol. The company deposited process wastes in
an unlined treatment pond.
In April 1985, EPA used CERCLA emergency funds to pump water out of
the pond, which covered 244 square yards and was 9 feet deep. Fly ash
was added to help solidify the sludge* The mixture was removed down to
the water table at about 7 feet. The pond was then filled in with soil
from the site. In addition, a portion of an unnamed creek was sampled
and a portion of the sediment removed. Sludge was removed from a septic
tank. However, contaninated soils remain on-site, threatening to
contaminate ground water. Soils on the site are permeable, consisting
generally of sand, gravel, and sand mixed with clay.
About 16,000 people depend on ground water within 3 miles of the
site as a source of drinking water.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
TRW, INC. (MINERVA PLANT)
Minerva, Ohio
The TRW, Inc., Site covers 54 acres in Minerva, Stark County, Ohio.
The Minerva plant is adjacent to State Road 183, approximately 1.3 miles
northeast of the intersection of Route 183 and U.S. Route 30. TRW
purchased the initial property in 1954 and expanded twice by adding
adjacent properties. Farmland lies to the north and east of the site,
The TRW property extends south to Sandy Creek, which is used for
recreation.
The plant conducts metal-casting operations. Until 1976, PCBs were
used as working fluids in diffusion pumps. Spent PCBs were stored in
drums on the back pad of the plant and apparently leaked into the drainage
ditch adjacent to the pad. Waste wash water and spent casting wax,
which may have come into contact with the PCBs, were discarded into a
ditch that flowed to the south to a pond. Volatile organic chemicals
(trichloroethylene before 1972 and 1,1,1-trichloroethane after 1972)
were used as degreasers, and spent degreasers were discharged to the
ditch.
Ground water on the site is contaminated with PCBs, trichloro-
ethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethane, and 1,1-dichloro-
ethylene, according to analyses conducted by a consultant to TRW.
Minerva city wells are located approximately 1 mile southwest and
downgradient of the TRW building, west of Sandy Creek, and south of Route
30. The wells draw water at 80 to 120 feet from a sand and gravel aguifer,
the same aquifer that underlies TRW property. The wells serve 4,560
people. Within 3 miles of the site are shallow residential wells serving
approximately 114 persons in Minerva, 125 persons in Pekin, 400 persons
in East Rochester, and 200 persons in Bayard. The nearest residential
well is 925 feet from the TRW plant.
TRW is in the process of voluntarily removing contaminated soil and
depositing it on-site in a clay vault. In addition, pursuant to an
Administrative Order issued by the State on June 3, 1985, TRW is
proposing to install and sample additional wells to define the extent of
the contaminant plume. The State and EPA are reviewing TRW's proposal.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
BALLY GROUND WATER CONTAMINATION
Bally Borough, Pennsylvania
The 5,100 people in the Borough of Bally, Berks County, Pennsylvania,
depend on wells for their drinking water. No alternative water supplies
are presently available. Tests conducted by the Borough of Bally and the
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources (PA DER) detected up
to 3,000 parts per billion of 1,1,1-trichloroethane in well #3 of the
Bally Municipal Authority. In December 1982, the authority took well
#3 out of service. To remove volatile organic chemicals, the authority
pumps water from the well and sprays it into a pond that discharges into
the West Branch of Perkionen Creek.
The source of the Bally ground water contamination is unknown at
this time. According to a study performed by PA DER, the probable source
is Bally Case and Cooler Co., which manufactures urethane-insulated
panels for refrigerated units on a site approximately 1,000 feet to the
south of municipal well #3. The company used lagoons on its property to
dispose of plant wastes at least from 1960 to 1965. Later, a plant
office and parking lot were built on the old lagoon areas.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund"
BUTLER MINE TUNNEL
Pittston, Pennsylvania
The Butler Mine Tunnel in Pittston, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania,
was originally constructed about 50 years ago as a collection and
discharge point for acid mine drainage from an estimated 5-square-niile-area
of underground coal mines. In addition, hazardous materials were disposed
in the tunnel, which discharges directly to the Susquehanna River.
On July 30, 1919, an oily discharge coning from the tunnel created
an oil slick from bank to bank on the Susquehanna River. EPA tracked the
contaminants from this initial discharge 60 miles downstream to a municipal
water intake that is the sole source of drinking water for approximately
11,700 residents of Danville, Pennsylvania. The primary source of the
contaminants entering the river was traced, via State enforcement actions,
to the illegal dumping of hazardous chemicals into a 4-inch borehole 3.5
miles inland from the river. The borehole discharges into the labyrinth
of underground mines which the tunnel drains. The State identified as
responsible parties the owner of the Hi-Way Auto Service Station where
the borehole was located, the president of the waste transporting company,
and the dispatcher of the company. The first two received jail sentences.
In 1979, EPA emergency personnel responded to the Butler discharge
under the Clean Water Act. Booms were installed to collect the oily
substances on the surface. They continued to operate until Dec. 5, 1980,
collecting a total of 160,000 gallons of oil, which contained approximately
13,000 pounds of dichlorobenzene. After the boons were removed, an
automated detection system was installed. The cost of the emergency
action was $2.2 million. The State operated the system until 1984,
during which time there was no evidence of any discharge fron the tunnel.
On Oct. 23, 1981, EPA announced the Interim Priorities List (IPL),
which included the Butler Mine Tunnel. The IPL was a preliminary list of
115 sites developed prior to the formal proposal of the first NPL. In
February 1982, the State of Pennsylvania indicated that no further response
actions were warranted based on monitoring of existing conditions. On
Dec. 30, 1982, the NPL was proposed in the Federal Register (47. FR 58476).
Butler Mine Tunnel was not included on the list because EPA had determined
that all appropriate Fund-financed cleanup had been completed. Therefore,
the Butler Mine Tunnel satisfied one of the criteria for deleting a site
from the NPL.
In September 1985, approximately 100,000 gallons of waste oil
containing 1 to 3 percent of bis-2 ethylhexyl phthalate were released at
the Butler Mine Tunnel following heavy rains associated with Hurricane
Gloria. Once again EPA responded, this time using CERCLA emergency
funds. EPA installed boons, is disposing of the collected waste and
contaminated soil, and is reinstalling the detection system. An
extensive hydrogeological study of the area is also underway.
The Butler Mine Tunnel is being proposed in NPL Update #5 to provide
EPA with the additional response capabilities available under the remedial
action authorities of CERCLA.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
CRYCCHEM, INC.
Wbrman, Pennsylvania
CryoChein, Inc., has operated a metals-fabrication facility on a
19-acre site in Wbrman, Berks County, Pennsylvania/ from 1962 to the
present. The facility is composed of several production and storage
buildings and an office complex situated at che lower portion of the
property. The company uses solvents to clean finished metal parts. Any
excess solvent is collected in shop drains. Prior to 1982, the company
used about one 55-gallon drum of 1,1,1-trichloroethane per year for 3 or
4 years and allowed the shop drain system to discharge into nearby surface
waters that lead to Manatawny Creek.
In August 1981, the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources
(PA DER), acting on complaints of area residents, began sampling
residential wells. Analysis of nine wells downgradient of the site
detected chlorinated solvents, including 1,1,1-trichlorethane. In June
1982, PA DER detected up to 270 parts per billion (ppb) of 1,1,1-trichloro-
ethane on-site in an unnamed tributary to Ironstone Creek, which is
used for fishing. As a result of this discharge, PA DER notified the
company that it was in violation of the Pennsylvania Clean Streams Law.
PA DER also recommended that the company discontinue the use of 1,1,1-
trichloroethane, clean out the drain system, and properly dispose of all
contaminated materials. The company complied with the recommendations.
Since the original sampling, PA DER has extensively sampled resi-
dential wells located near and mostly downgradient of the site. Concen-
trations of 1,1,1-trichloroethane generally ranged from 0 to 180 ppb, and
one measured 600 ppb.
PA DER notified the affected residents of the contamination. Some
citizens have opted to buy bottled water or are filtering tap water at
their own expense. About ],100 people are served by wells within 3 miles
of the site°
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
-------
National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)rSuperfund")
DELTA QUARRIES & DISPOSAL, INC./STOTLER LANDFILL
Antis/Logan Townships, Pennsylvania
The Delta Quarries & Disposal, Inc./Stotler Landfill Site covers
40 acres in Antis and Logan Townships, Blair County, Pennsylvania.
Since the 1960s, the site has disposed of municipal wastes without a
permit. Originally, the site consisted of two adjacent landfills—Stotler
and Parshall-Kruise. They are now one large fill owned by Delta Quarries 5
Disposal, Inc.
On-site wells and an off-site spring are contaminated with chlorine-
containing organic chemicals, according to tests conducted by the
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources. Nearby residential
wells contain low levels of the contaminants. About 1,500 people depend
on wells within 3 miles of the site as a source of drinking water.
Ground water flows to the northeast in the direction of the Little JUniata
River, which is within 3 miles of the site. The river is used for
recreational purposes.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
EASTERN DIVERSIFIED METALS
Hone town, Pennsylvania
The Eastern Diversified Metals Site covers about 25 acres in Hometown,
Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania. From 1966 to 1977, the company disposed
of an estimated 157 million pounds of "fluff" (waste insulation material)
from recycling of copper wire in an open pile 60 feet high covering an
area 500 by 3,000 feet. The Pennsylvania Department of Environmental
Resources (PA DER) found that the waste pile was producing phenolic
leachate. In 1974, as a result of a Consent Agreement with PA DER, the
company installed a waste water treatment plant, diversion ditches, and
an interceptor that diverts shallow ground water to the treatment plant.
The surface impoundment associated with the waste water treatment plant
sometimes overflows into a tributary to the Little Schuylkill River,
which is used for trout fishing within 3 miles downstream of the site.
Sludge from the waste water treatment plant was disposed of on top
of the waste pile until 1983, when PA DER issued a Notice of Violation
to the company. The sludge is now being taken to a disposal facility
regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act.
The site is underlain by Mauch Chunk, one of the most important
water-bearing formations in northeastern Pennsylvania. About 1,400
people are served by wells that are within 3 miles of the site and draw
on the Mauch Chunk Formation.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Prioriti«s List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
HEBELKA AUTO SALVAGE YARD
Vfeisenberg Township, Pennsylvania
The Hebelka Auto Salvage Yard has been in business on a 10-acre
site in Weisenberg Township, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, since 1958.
Inspections conducted by EPA and the Pennsylvania Department of
Environmental Resources have revealed an estimated 750 to 1,000 cubic
yards of battery casings in uncovered on-site piles covering 0.5 acres.
According to tests conducted by EPA, on-site soil, sediments in a drainage
way, and sediments in an off-site stream contain elevated levels of
mercury and lead. An on-site well also has elevated levels of mercury,
according to EPA. About 2,750 people draw water from three Lehigh County
Water Authority wells within 3 miles of the site. Another 500 people use
private wells.
The site is approximately 300 feet upgradient of Iron Run, a
tributary to the Little Lehigh, which is a high-quality cold-water fishing
stream.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
NAVAL AIR DEVELOPMENT CENTER (8 WASTE AREAS)
Warminister Tbwnship, Pennsylvania
The Naval Air Development Center (NADC) covers 734 acres in
Warminster Township, Bucks County, Pennsylvania. NADC was commissioned
in 1944. Its main mission is research, development, testing, and
evaluation for naval aircraft systems. The center also conducts studies
in antisubmarine warfare systems and software development.
Waste-generating activities include aircraft maintenance and
repair, pest control, fire-fighting training, machine and plating shop
operations, spray painting, and various materials research and testing
activities in NADC laboratories. Wastes generated include paints,
solvents, industrial waste water treatment sludge, and waste oils. Eight
waste areas covering more than 2 acres are included in this NPL site.
Navy contractors detected 1,1-dichloroethane, chromium, and
nickel in ground water on the base. No significant contamination was
detected in nearby surface water. The waste areas potentially affect
the Stockton Formation aquifer, which provides water for over 100,000
persons within 3 miles of the site. Local surface water bodies are used
for recreation and industrial purposes.
NADC is participating in the Installation Restoration Program, the
specially funded program established in 1978 under which the Department
of Defense has been identifying and evaluating its past hazardous waste
sites and controlling the migration of hazardous contaminants from these
sites. The Navy has completed Phase I (records search) and Phase II
(confirmation study). As part of these efforts, NADC's contractor
installed monitoring wells and completed a ground water quality study.
Ground water continues to be monitored.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
MEDLEY FARM DRUM DUMP
Gaffney, South Carolina
The Medley Farm Drun Dump covers 2 acres in Gaffney, a rural area in
Cherokee County, South Carolina. In about 1973, an unknown person buried
about 5,400 drums and dug six lagoons in a clearing in the woods of the
Medley Farm. On June 1, 1983, an anonymous caller informed the State of
the site. At the State's request, EPA investigated and found that all
the drums were rusted and some had leaked or were leaking. EPA analyses
indicated that the drums contained numerous flammable organic liquids,
including toluene, benzene, vinyl chloride, and PCBs. The six unlined
lagoons held 300,000 gallons of contaminated rain water and tons of
sludges. On June 21, 1983, EPA started to clean up the site using CERCIA
emergency funds. EPA removed 2,400 cubic yards of contaminated soil and
sludges plus the drums and their contents (25,000 gallons of liquids).
The liquids in the lagoons were treated on-site and discharged. The
lagoons were then filled in.
Ground water on and off the site is contaminated with volatile
organic chemicals, including chloroform and 1,1,2-trichloroethane,
according to tests conducted by the South Carolina Department of Health
and Environmental Control. About ]20 people draw drinking water
from private wells within 3 miles of the site.
Thickety Creek, a tributary of Jones Creek, is about 300 feet down-
gradient of the site. Surface and subsurface flows are such that Thickety
Creek is threatened.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)C'Superfund")
ROCHESTER PROPERTY
Travelers Rest, South Carolina
The Rochester Property cavers about 2 acres in Travelers Rest, a
rural area in Greenville County, South Carolina. In 1971 and 1972, the
property owner permitted liquid industrial wastes containing volatile
organic chemicals and arsenic to be buried in four trenches in what had
been farmland.
The wastes came from Polymer Industries of Greenville, South Carolina,
according to the South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental
Control (DHEC). During an inspection in September 1982, the State
observed wastes seeping out of the ground.
In November 1984, DHEC detected volatile organic chemicals, including
trichlorofluoromethane, and arsenic in soils on the site.
Site soils are permeable. Thus, contaminants can move into
ground water, which occurs at depths of ]0 feet and is the source of
drinking water for about 1,000 people within 3 miles of the site. All
water is from shallow private wells; no municipal supplies are available.
The site is about 200 feet upgradient from a small stream.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Sits
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
SHERIDAN DISPOSAL SERVICES
Hempstead, Texas
The Sheridan Disposal Services site is near Hempstead in a
predominately agricultural area in Waller County, Texas. It consists
of a ]4-acre surface impoundment and a 40-acre landfarm. The company
collected waste oils, solvents, and PCBs from a variety of sources in
the Houston area for disposal in the impoundment, landfarm, and an
incinerator. The impoundment operated from the late ]950s to 1975.
The State ordered it to close in 1976, then in 1981 ordered the entire
site to close. The only closure action taken was to irrigate the
landfarm area with water from the surface impoundment.
Ground water on-site is contaminated with chlorodibrcmomethane,
1,3,1-trichloroethane, and isophorone, according to tests conducted by
EPA and parties potentially responsible for wastes associated with the
site. Both shallow and deep ground water are contaminated. Approxi-
mately 500 people depend on private wells within 3 miles of the site as
their source of drinking water. The site is located in alluvial deposits
about 250 feet from the Brazos River, within the 100-year floodplain.
Various organic esters and alkanes have been detected in sediments
of the Brazos River, and a previous overflow from the site killed fish
in Clarke Lake, which is adjacent to the site. Acrolein, styrene, carbon
disulfide, ],l,]-trichloroethane, and toluene are among the contaminants
found in air samples taken near the site.
A steering committee representing approximately 60 potentially
responsible parties has been negotiating with the State and EPA and has
hired a contractor to conduct several investigations of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
MIDVALE SLAG
Midvale, Utah
The Midvale Slag Site covers 300 acres in Midvale, Salt Lake
County, Utah. Midvale (population 10,000) is part of the Salt Lake
City Metropolitan area (population 936,000). Between 1902 and 1971,
United States Smelting, Refining and Mining Co. smelted ores on the
site to produce copper, gold, lead, and silver. The site consists of
piles of slag estimated at 2 million tons that remain from the smelting
operations. The smelter no longer exists. In 1971, Valley Materials,
Inc., acquired the site and processes the slag into materials for
railroad beds and asphalt highways.
Testing by the Utah Department of Health indicated that the slag
contains high concentrations of arsenic and heavy metals. The slag is
found on the surface and down to a depth of 20 feet. Hence there is a
potential for ground water contamination. Several municipal wells serving
an estimated 38,000 people are within 3 miles of the site.
The Jordan River, which forms the western boundary of the site, is
not contaminated to date, according to tests conducted by EPA in May
1985. However, slag piles are as close as 50 feet to the river, causing
concern that the river can become contaminated.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
ATLANTIC WOOD INDUSTRIES, INC.
Portsmouth, Virginia
The Atlantic Wbod Industries, Inc., Site consists of a wood-treating
facility and adjacent river water and sediment in the city of Portsmouth,
Virginia. The site is on the South Branch of the Elizabeth River, approxi-
mately 7 miles upstream from Chesapeake Bay. The facility covers 15 acres;
the area of contaminated river sediment is undetermined. The facility has
been in operation since 1926.
Contaminants of concern are creosote and pentachlorophenol, both
wood preservatives used by the facility. Wastes present on-site include:
350,000 gallons of creosote and creosote-contaminated water in leaking
above-ground storage tanks, an unknown quantity of creosote-contaminated
sediment and soils, and 20,000 cubic feet of landfilled wood chips con-
taminated with creosote and pentachorophenol.
According to sampling conducted by EPA, Atlantic Wood, and the
Virginia State Water Control Board, wastes on-site have contaminated
ground water, which is infiltrating a storm sewer owned by the City of
Portsmouth. The storm sewer outfall discharges into an intertidal
drainage ditch that is part of the South Branch of the Elizabeth River.
EPA has detected high concentrations of creosote in the ditch, and
benzene and naphthalene, both constituents of creosote, in air above the
ditch. Approximately 14,000 people work within 0.5 miles of the ditch.
The South Branch of the Elizabeth River is an estuarine, tidal water
body. Tides would be expected to carry contaminants upstream to waters
used for crabbing and to estuarine wetlands. Oyster beds are located
within 3 miles downstream of the site. Studies by the Virginia Institute
of Marine Science have shown that oysters within this reach have accumulated
significant levels of creosote constituents.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
HIDDEN VALLEY LANDFILL (THUN FIELD)
Pierce County/ Washington
The Hidden Valley Landfill, located next to Tnun Field, covers
about 75 acres near Puyallup in Pierce County, Washington, From 1967
to 1983, the landfill, an old gravel pit, accepted liquid and solid
waste. Approximately 48 acres have been covered with waste. The
landfill has no liner or leachate collection system. Originally, the
landfill was operated by Pierce County on leased land. Land Recovery,
Inc., purchased the property in 1977 and now operates the landfill.
In 1982, a consultant to the Taccma-Pierce County Health Department
detected metals and organic chemicals, including manganese and methylene
chloride, in ground water on the site. About 7,300 people are served
by 35 public water supply systems drawing ground water within 3 miles
of the site. The nearest well is 1,000 feet from the site.
A fresh-water wetland is within 1 mile of the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund"
NAVAL UNDERSEA WARFARE ENGINEERING STATION (4 WASTE AREAS)
Keyport, Washington
The Naval Undersea Warfare Engineering Station (NUWES) at Keyport,
Kitsap County, Washington, was acquired in 1913 to develop a still water
torpedo testing range. The main station, which is located on a peninsula
15 miles west of Seattle, covers slightly over 200 acres and employs
approximately 3,500 people. NUWES (Keyport) has been involved in a wide
variety of activities, including maintenance of torpedoes; storage of fuel
and ordnance; and production functions such as welding, plating, painting,
carpentry, and sheet metal work. Waste contaminants generated include
cadmium, chromium, copper, cyanide, lead, nickel, tin, zinc, carbon
tetrachloride, methyl ethyl ketone, and trichloroethylene.
Four waste disposal areas are included in this NPL site. The areas
are part of the same operation, have the same sources of contamination,
and have the same contaminants. They also threaten the same ground water
and surface water. The four areas are: Keyport Landfill, situated in a
marsh and having no liner or leachate containment system; the Van Meter
Road Spills, an area about 100 x 200 feet located near an intermittent
creek that flows into a lagoon used for fishing and swimming; Sludge
Disposal Area, which covers about 100 feet x 200 feet and is located less
than 200 feet from Liberty Bay; and Liberty Bay Outfalls/ Shoreline, where
very substantial quantities of wastes were discharged directly into the
water. The waste from at least one of these areas, Keyport Landfill, is
in direct contact with ground water.
Thousands of gallons of wastes were dumped onto the ground at the
Van Meter Road Spill area. Up to 500 gallons of sludge were disposed of
at the Sludge Disposal Area. Sediment from the Liberty Bay Outfalls/
Shoreline area and from the landfill contain lead, cadmium, chromiuin, and
zinc, according to analyses conducted by a consultant to the Navy.
Liberty Bay is used for commercial shell fishing and recreation.
There are 135 private wells and 22 public-suppply wells drawing from
the surficial aquifer within 3 miles of the site. The wells serve a
total of 230 households.
NUWES (Keyport) is participating in the Installation Restoration
Program, the specially funded program established in 1978 under which
the Department of Defense has been identifying and evaluating its past .
hazardous waste sites and controlling the migration of hazardous contami-
nants from these sites. The Navy has completed Phase I (records search),
and Phase II (confirmation study) started in October 1985.
Anencv/Remediai Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
OLD INLAND PIT
Spokane, Washington
The Old Inland Pit covers about 10 acres in Spokane, Spokane
County/ Washington. The property previously was owned by Inland
Asphalt Co./ but it is now under new ownership.
In 1976, the unlined gravel pit began accepting baghouse emission
dusts from Spokane Steel Foundry Co. The company manufactures iron
and steel parts at a foundry across the road from the Old Inland Pit.
The pit is still operating/ and during a recent EPA inspection there was
evidence that baghouse emission dusts apparently continue to be dumped.
Wastes in the pit contain toxic metals (arsenic/ cadmium/ chromium/
and lead) and organic chemicals (acetone, methylene chloride/ toluene/
and trichloroethylene)/ according to tests conducted by EPA.
The site overlies the Spokane Valley-Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer/ which
is the sole source of drinking water for more than 30/000 people within
3 miles of the site. The soil is permeable so that contaminants can
move into ground water.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)rSuperfund")
ALGCMA MUNICIPAL LANDFILL
Algona, Wisconsin
The Algoma Municipal Landfill covers approximately 7.5 acres in
Kewanee County about 2 miles west of Algoma, Wisconsin. The City of
Algoma owns the landfill and operated it from 1969 to 1983. In 1970, the
landfill received a license from the State to accept municipal refuse.
When the landfill closed in 1983, it was covered with 2 feet of clay and
6 inches of top soil.
Most of the waste accepted at the landfill was municipal refuse.
However, an estimated 210 drums of finishing materials, including
polyvinyl acetate, lacquer thinner, methanol, silicate, pigments, and
paint primer, were disposed of at the landfill, according to EPA.
In August 1984, EPA detected organic chemicals and metals, including
benzene, methyl ethyl ketone, xylenes, arsenic, and cadmium, in on-site
monitoring wells.
Hie landfill, which had no liner, is underlain by a sand and gravel
aquifer. Below is the Niagara dolomite aquifer. The two aquifers are
hydraulically connected so that water can move between them. City of
Algona wells draw on the Niagara dolomite aquifer, and rural wells draw
from both aquifers. An estimated 5,000 people depend on ground water
within 3 miles of the site for drinking water.
The site is within 3 miles of Lake Michigan. Krohn's Lake, which
is used for recreation, is less than ] mile away.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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Hazardous wast© site listed imdor t,h©
Comprehensive Environmental Response. Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA)("Superfund")
DXSPOS&L LMTOLL
Caledonia , Wisconsin
The Hunts Disposal Landfill covers 82 acres on County Line Road and
Poley Road in Caledonia? Wisconsino Tft© site borders the Root River in a
sparsely populated area of Baeine County,. The river is used for
recreationo
Frcot 1953 to 1974, the landfill accepted municipal and industrial
wastes*, In 1970, it «as lieenssd by the State to accept nonconbustible •
trash, garbage , and uooden material 0 The last owner/operator, $&tste
Management of Wisconsin, Inc<>, purchased the landfill in January 1975
from Caledonia Corp0 Landfill, which had acquired it in January 1972
from Hunts Disposal Landfill° Khen fe&st© Bfenagerosnt closed the landfill
in ]975? it graded the site, covered it with 2 feet of sandy earth, and
seeded ito Ko top soil t-jas added 0 In August 1976,, the Kacine County
Parks Dspartment purcha^sd the property „ Waste Managanent ara3 the
parks d©part3E2nt a.re now repairing erosion dsaage, sealing leachate
seeps , and revegetating in response to a request made by the Wisconsin
Department of Natural Bssourees
In 1984, at the request of M3M, the City of Oak Creek, which is
north of the site, installed three shallow monitoring vsalls on=-site and
sampled the walls, along uith surface water, soil, and sediment „ Iron,
manganese, and chromium wsre detected in ground water, and PCB-1242,
cadmium, and tin in soilo
Soil on the site is peratsable, isJhich favors the movement of contami
nants into ground water „ About 2,300 people draw drinking water from
private wells within 3 miles of the site0
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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National Priorities List Site
Hazardous waste site listed under the
Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLAH'Superfund")
TOMAH MUNICIPAL SANITARY LANDFILL
Donah, Wisconsin
The Tonah Municipal Sanitary Landfill covers 40 acres in a rural
area in Monroe County outside Tonah, Wisconsin. The City of Toman owned
and operated the site from 1960 to 1979. It was licensed by the State to
accept municipal refuse. One local facility, Union Camp Corp., notified
EPA, as required by Section 103(c) of CERCLA, that it had sent to the
landfill ],514 drums of wastes containing barium, chromium, lead, spent
halogenated and nonhalogenated solvents, ethyl acetate, and 1,1,1-
trichloroethane.
In June 1984, EPA inspected the site and sampled ground water and
sediments in Deer Creek, which runs through the site. On-site ground
water was contaminated with heavy metals, including cadmium, chromium,
lead, and zinc, and organic chemicals, including benzene, toluene, vinyl
chloride, and xylenes. The sediments were contaminated with arsenic,
chromium, copper, lead, zinc, toluene, tetrachloroethene, and 2-butanone.
The City of Toman's municipal well field, which serves 7,330 people,
is 2 miles from the site. An additional 1,700 people get drinking water
from private wells within 3 miles of the site. Deer Creek, which is
nearby, is a trout stream. A fresh-water wetland is within 1,000 feet of
the site.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/Remedial Response Program
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