QUARTERLY
REPORT
PACIFIC NORTHWEST
WATER LABORATORY
CORVALLIS, ORECON
APRIL1 -JUNE 30,1971
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
WATER QUALITY OFFICE
NORTHWEST REGION
-------
PACIFIC NORTHWEST WATER LABORATORY
QUARTERLY REPORT
April 1 through June 30, 1971
Environmental Protection Agency
Pacific Northwest Water Laboratory
200 S. W. 35th Street
Con/all is, Oregon 97330
August 1971
-------
CONTENTS
NATIONAL COASTAL POLLUTION RESEARCH PROGRAM 1
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION RESEARCH PROGRAM 8
NATIONAL WASTE TREATMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM 15
NATIONAL THERMAL POLLUTION RESEARCH PROGRAM 29
CONSOLIDATED LABORATORY SERVICES PROGRAM 38
TRAINING AND MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT 42
-------
NATIONAL COASTAL POLLUTION RESEARCH PROGRAM
PPB 1607
Status of Projects and Significant Accomplishments
Work Plan DBH: Estuarine and Ocean Outfalls
Columbia River Estuary Temperature Model. Part II of the Columbia
River model report ("Input-Output and Preliminary Verification") was
completed, reviewed, printed, and distributed, thus completing the
project. Part II gives examples of model usage, as well as specific
examples of input-output on test cases. The model is currently being
used by investigators in New England, on Southeast coast estuaries
at Clemson University and on Gulf Coast estuaries at Louisiana State
University.
Selection of Safe Sites for Discharge. Current inhouse effort
is directed toward a report combining theoretical, ecological, and
engineering considerations of outfall design, and highlights the
features necessary for the determination of a sound design concept.
The performance of the outfall and its dependency on the physical
environmental character of the site is evaluated, while construction
techniques and maintenance'requirements are related to the long-term
performance characteristics in terms of joint and pipe stability and
diffuser operation.
ERTS Study. Chief, Physical Oceanography Section, participated
in a two-day meeting with a representative from the Bendix Corporation
discussing our interests in a cooperative project on remote sensing
-------
using the data obtained from the NASA Earth Resources Technology
Satellite (ERTS).
Salinity Distribution in the Yaquina Estuary. Although the long
series of salinity data collected along the Yaquina Estuary (see
Working Paper 70) is currently being used by other research organi-
zations, inhouse studies during the last quarter have been limited
to preliminary time-series analyses: power spectra of individual
records, cross-correlations, and coherencies. Further experimentation
with the data will require additional development of suitable filters.
Work Plan XAA: Barge Dump Disposal of Wastes in Ocean and Coastal Haters
Designation of Harmful Materials. Bids have been received,
evaluated, and a selection made for procuring a new polarographic
system for use in studies of trace materials introduced into coastal
waters. We have initiated a review and compilation of marine bioassay
techniques which might be employed to evaluate the acceptability of
materials (or wastes containing a mixture of materials) proposed for
ocean dumping.
Work Plan ZAI: Mercury, Cadmium, Arsenic, and Other Heavy Metal
Distributions and Fates in Coastal Waters
Work continued on analysis of total mercury in Dungeness crabs
obtained from a variety of Northwest coastal locations.
Work Plan ZAH: PCB, Biocides, and Other Persistent Organic Compounds
Distributions and Fates in Coastal Waters
A Finnegan gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer system has been
ordered and delivery is expected in three months. Recruitment has
-------
3
been initiated for an organic chemist to conduct research on per-
sistence, accumulation, and distribution of harmful organics in the
marine environment.
Grant and Contract Research
Work Plan DBH: Estuarine and Ocean Outfalls
1. 16070 FJV: Coastal Pollution: Literature Search, Indexing
and Abstracting. At monthly intervals abstracts of papers relevant
to coastal pollution are submitted by the grantee (Pollution Abstracts,
Inc.) to the Water Resources Scientific Information Center, and to
Headquarters, NCPRP. WRSIC publishes the abstracts in its twice-
monthly publication, Selected Water Resources Abstracts, and the
NCPRP, upon receipt of the abstracts, forwards copies to laboratories
and regional offices of EPA for immediate use.
2. 16070 EFG: Demonstration of the Limitations and Effects of
Waste Disposal on an Ocean Shelf. Florida Ocean Sciences Institute
completed the project during the quarter, and the project officer
visited the site to determine disposal of property. The final
project report was completed and forwarded to Project Reports System.
3. 16070 ENS: Airphoto Analysis of Ocean Outfall Dispersion.
The project was completed by Oregon State University and the final
report written, reviewed by the project officer, and returned to the
grantee for completion and entry into the Project Reports System. In
addition, several related papers and publications resulted from the
project this quarter, which will be listed in the annual report.
-------
4
Work Plan XAA: Barge Dump Disposal of Hastes in Ocean and Coastal Waters
1. 16070 EKZ: Oxidation of Organic Matter in the Seabed. Field
work in the second and final year of this grant has been initiated.
2. 16070 FJL: Chemistry of Mercury in Natural Waters of the
United States. A grant was awarded to Dr. Robert C. Harriss of
Florida State University in Tallahassee. The major objectives of
this project are to determine the abundance and distribution of
mercury in Northeast Gulf Coast estuaries. An important phase will
be to determine the relative concentration in various samples of
sediments, biological materials, and water. This information should
provide a picture of the dynamic partition processes necessary to
predict the fate of mercury in this environment.
The project was technically approved and recommended for funding
in our program two years ago (July 1969).
Consulting Services
Work Plan ZAR: Technical Consultation on Coastal Pollution Problems
1. Dispersal of Reserve Mining Taconite Tailings Waste in Lake
Superior. This study, being conducted by the Minneapolis program
office of Region V, will be supported with technical direction and
consultation from the Coastal Research Program. Field measurements
will be made to determine the amount of tailings carried away from
the discharge area by currents at the surface, near the thermocline,
and near the bottom. Sediment traps will be placed in a line along
the predominant direction of long-term bottom currents in order to
measure the rate of sediment accumulation. Current meters and
-------
5
thermographs are being prepared for installation in the vicinity
of Reserve Mining's discharge.
2. Coastal program staff offered assistance to the following
requests:
A headquarters staff member requested the Corps of Engineers
be provided comments and suggestions on conducting the remainder of
their program on sludge dumping in the New York Bight area.
Aid was given METRO of Seattle in applying principles of the
"Ocean Outfall Design" computer program PLUME. METRO is attempting
to convert the program for use with their computer. Similar assistance
was given the Southwest Regional Office.
The Northwest Regional Office requested comments and review of
"guidelines for preparing marine waste impact evaluations."
Chief, Chemical and Biological Section, attended a meeting
sponsored by the oil pollution program in Washington, D.C., to
assist in preparing a Request for Proposals (RFP) on oil pollution
research.
A review of the proposed EPA R&D grants manual was made.
Reports, Papers, and Presentations
1. "Mathematical Model of the Columbia River from the Pacific
Ocean to Bonneville Dam: Input, Output, and Initial Verification
Procedures," Callaway and Byram, April 1971. Completed and
distributed.
2. "User's Guide and Documentation for Outfall Plume Model,"
Working Paper 80, Baumgartner, Trent, and Byram, May 1971. Completed
and distributed.
-------
5
thermographs are being prepared for installation in the vicinity
of Reserve Mining's discharge.
2. Coastal program staff offered assistance to the following
requests:
A headquarters staff member requested the Corps of Engineers
be provided comments and suggestions on conducting the remainder of
their program on sludge dumping in the New York Bight area.
Aid was given METRO of Seattle in applying principles of the
"Ocean Outfall Design" computer program PLUME. METRO is attempting
to convert the program for use with their computer. Similar assistance
was given the Southwest Regional Office.
The Northwest Regional Office requested comments and review of
"guidelines for preparing marine waste impact evaluations."
Chief, Chemical and Biological Section, attended a meeting
sponsored by the oil pollution program in Washington, D.C., to
assist in preparing a Request for Proposals (RFP) on oil pollution
research.
A review of the proposed EPA R&D grants manual was made.
Reports, Papers, and Presentations
1. "Mathematical Model of the Columbia River from the Pacific
Ocean to Bonneville Dam: Input, Output, and Initial Verification
Procedures," Call away and Byram, April 1971. Completed and
distributed.
2. "User's Guide and Documentation for Outfall Plume Model,"
Working Paper 80, Baumgartner, Trent, and Byram, May 1971. Completed
and distributed.
-------
6
3. Two lectures: "Radioactive Tracer Determination of Reaeration
Capacity" and "Ocean Outfalls" at EPA Southwest Region training course,
"Estuary Studies."
Plans for First Quarter, FY 1972
Work Plan DBH: Estuarine and Ocean Outfalls
Continue work on evaluating methods for placement of ocean out-
falls and for monitoring. Data collection on ocean outfall construction
will be deferred due to transfer of personnel to the consulting work
on Lake Superior.
Work Plan XAA: Barge Dump Disposal of Wastes in Ocean and Coastal Waters
Laboratory studies of sediment accumulation and resuspension
will be initiated in conjunction with consultation on Lake Superior.
Work Plan ZAI: Mercury, Cadmium, Arsenic and Other Heavy Metal
Distributions and Fates in Coastal Haters
Prepare preliminary report on distributions of mercury levels in
Dungeness crabs (Cancer Magister) and prepare experimental facilities
for study of mercury uptake in crabs exposed to estuarine waters and
sediments with various mercury levels.
Work Plan ZAH: PCS. Biocides, and Other Persistent Organic Compound
Distributions and Fates in Coastal Haters
Hire chemist, provide training at Athens and Cincinnati, and
set up lab facilities for study of transport, accumulation, and inter-
change mechanisms.
-------
7
Work Plan ZAR: Technical Consultation on Coastal Pollution Problems
Dispersal of Reserve Mining Taconite Tailings Waste in Lake
Superior: Assist in periodic field studies in Lake Superior. Conduct
lab analysis of taconite tailings sedimentation and resuspension using
Coulter Counter and hydraulic channel facilities.
General
Descriptions of proposals sought for grant research will be
distributed in the annual report in preparation.
-------
NATIONAL EUTROPHICATION RESEARCH PROGRAM
PPB 1601
Status of Projects and Significant"Accomplishments
Work Plan ZCB: Assay Procedures for Determining Productivity Responses
The spring quarter sampling of the nine coastal and Cascade lakes
was carried out in May. Results from winter collections made in February
showed stimulation by nitrogen in Odell and Goose Lakes, and by phos-
phorus in Triangle, Tahkenitch, Ten Mile, Woahink, Upper Klamath, and Lake
of the Woods. Highly alkaline Abert Lake did not support growth of the
test alga. None of the lakes exhibited carbon limitation.
"Bottle test" assays of Cline's Pond water were made before and
after treatment of the pond with sodium aluminate (See Work Plan CND).
In both cases, membrane (0.45y) filtered samples were phosphorus limited
and autoclaved samples were nitrogen limited. Assays of samples from
Shagawa, Burntside, and Fall Lakes, Minnesota, showed phosphorus to be
initially limiting in both filtered and autoclaved samples. Stimulation
by addition of N and P, however, was greater than that resulting from
addition of P alone.
Work has continued on the development of blue-green and diatom
PAAP test organisms. Candidate algae presently under study are Microcystis
and Navicula.
A program was begun to conduct PAAP tests on water from more than 35
lakes in different parts of the country. In addition, assays were ini-
tiated on samples from various locations along the Snake and Columbia
Rivers.
-------
9
A computer program was developed by Ken Byram and David Specht
for workup of "bottle test" assay data.
Work Plan CND: Lake Restoration Techniques
A nutrient inactivation experiment was begun on Cline's Pond on
April 15. Sodium aluminate neutralized with hydrochloric acid was
sprayed into the water from a boat. Until late June, algal production
was definitely less than during the two previous years, as indicated
by lower pH, higher transparency, and lower chlorophyll values. During
early July, however, algal growth increased markedly, indicating that
complexing of phosphorus by aluminum was only temporary.
Plans to conduct a similar experiment utilizing alum, on Upper
Swan Lake in Albany, Oregon had to be abandoned because of legal diffi-
culties. It was not possible for the federal government to provide the
owner of the lake with a "hold harmless" agreement, and insurance for the
owner (to cover any damages to others which might result from the exper-
iment) could not be obtained. The implications are that experimental
work on lake restoration may be generally difficult to conduct because
of such legal restrictions, except where the waters are Government-owned
or Government-controlled.
A cooperative program with the Forest Service for a limnological
study of Diamond Lake, Oregon, is-being worked out. Diamond Lake appears
to be experiencing accelerated eutrophication as a result of heavy rec-
reational use, and a study of" causes, effects, and possible remedies will
be of value to both NERP and the Forest Service. A reconnaisance survey
was made the first week of June, just after ice-out.
-------
10
At the Shagawa Lake project, TKDA, the engineering firm planning
the full-scale tertiary treatment facilities at Ely, Minnesota is completing
the design and specifications. It has been announced that Ely has now
received grants totaling $2.072 million for the project.
Sampling of the lake and tributaries has continued. New parameters
being measured are primary productivity; chemical analysis of rain, fish,
and phytoplankton; benthic organisms; zooplankton; and bacteria. A
v-notch weir and recording gage have been installed on the stream flowing
through the waste treatment plant area.
Other Activities
Charles Powers attended the annual meeting of the American Society
of Limnology and Oceanography at Winnipeg and toured the Canadian Eutro-
phication Program's experimental lakes area.
Arnold Gahler attended the Fourteenth Conference on Great Lakes
Research at Toronto.
Kenneth Malueg attended meetings of the O.E.C.D. in France and he
and A. F. Bartsch participated in technical discussions on lake restoration
in Germany and Switzerland.
Publications and Presentations
Arnold Gahler presented a paper by Gahler and Sanville entitled,
"Characterization of Lake Sediments and Evaluation of Sediment-Water
Nutrient Interchange Mechanisms in the Upper Klamath Lake System,"
at the Fourteenth Conference on Great Lakes Research,
-------
n
Kenneth Malueg presented a paper by Malueg, Tilstra, Schults, and
Powers entitled, "The Effect of Induced Aeration upon Stratification
and Eutrophication Processes in an Oregon Farm Pond," at the Symposium
on Man-Made Lakes, Knoxville, Tennessee.
Donald Schults presented a paper by Schults and Malueg entitled,
"Uptake of Radiophosphorus by Rooted Aquatic Plants," at the Third
National Symposium on Radioecology, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
Robert Brice presented a paper by Brice and Powers entitled,
"Lake Restoration by Advanced Waste Treatment: The Shagawa Lake
Eutrophication Control Project," at the annual meeting of the Central
States Water Pollution Control Association, Rochester, Minnesota.
Grant and Contract Research
The following research grant and contract proposals were reviewed.
1. "Adsorption of Ammonia by Lake Sediments"
2. "The Effect of Carbon on Algal Growth - Its Relationship to
Eutrophication"
3. "An Evaluation of Lake Drawdown as a Method of Improving Water
Quality"
4. "Evaluation of Dredging as a Lake Restoration Technique"
5. "The Development of a Material-Equipment System to Overlay
Mercury and Benthic Nutrient Contaminated Sludge Deposits with a
Polymer Film - Phase I"
6. "Develop and Demonstrate Application of Selective Ion Exchange
for In-Place Removal of Phosphorus from Lakes"
-------
12
7. "Diversion of Wastewater Nutrients to Demonstrate Their
Utilization by Crops and Marshes, and to Show the Recovery Rate of an
Enriched Lake Following Nutrient Cut-Off"
8. "Lake Erie: Pollution Abatement, Then What"
9. "Sediment-Water-Bacteria Interactions in Eutrophication"
10. "Assessment of Eutrophication Potential in the Bush River
Sub-Estuary, Harford County, Maryland"
11. "Nitrogen Metabolism in Blue-Green Algae"
12. "The Development of a Continuous-Flow Culture System and Its
Application to Aquatic Microbiology"
13. "Program for Preparation of a Comprehensive Pollution Control
Preproposal Plan for the City of Minneapolis Lakes"
14. "An In Situ Evaluation of Nutrient Effects on Lakes"
15. "A Study of Phosphate Induced Algae Growth"
16. "Silt Removal from a Lake Bottom"
17. "Limnology of Harding Lake with Implications of Resource
Development"
18. "Population vs. Eutrohpication: Quantitative Pilot Studies
Using Canandaigua, a Finger Lakes Basin"
Plans for First Quarter, FY 1972
Physiological Control
Continue algal assays in conjunction with the Shagawa Lake lake
restoration and Cline's Pond nutrient inactivation studies.
-------
13
Continue algal assays on water from Columbia and Snake River
systems if presently on-going experiments indicate feasibility.
Carry out quarterly sampling of coastal and Cascade lakes.
Continue study of diatoms for use in algal assays.
Initiate assays on lake water from throughout the country.
Technology Development
Continue limnological studies of Diamond Lake.
Carry out limnological survey of Waldo Lake, and complete ground
water studies there.
Continue monitoring Cline's Pond for effects of aluminum treatment.
Explore new possibilities and potentials for experimental bodies
of water.
Continue laboratory studies of sediment-water nutrient interchange
in Shagawa Lake.
Complete reports on Lake Sal lie weed harvest study, Shagawa Lake
in situ algal assay studies and other aspects of Shagawa Lake project,
and Upper Klamath Lake.
Lake Restoration
Meet with researchers and government officials to coordinate plans
for the sewage diversion program at Sal lie Lake, Minnesota.
Continue limnological monitoring of Shagawa Lake prior to construction
of tertiary treatment plant.
Begin construction of the full-scale tertiary treatment plant at
Ely, Minnesota (anticipated beginning date - September).
-------
14
Plans for the HUD grant to repair storm and sanitary sewers at
Ely, Minnesota are expected to be approved by July 16. A call for bids
will immediately follow the approval.
Continue mathematical modeling of Shagawa Lake, Minnesota to predict
results of changes in water quality after phosphorus loading to the lake
is reduced.
Complete report on limnology of Waldo Lake, Oregon (1969, 1970).
-------
NATIONAL WASTE TREATMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM
GENERAL
Mr. Boydston met with Headquarters staff in Washington to discuss
needs statements, work plans and the proposed budget for FY 1972.
FOOD WASTES RESEARCH - PPB 1206
Status of Projects and Significant Accomplishments
Work Plan ZAQ: Technical Consultation and Data Dissemination
Papers presented at the Second National Symposium were retyped
and the proceedings sent to the printer for reproduction.
At the request of the Denver Regional Office Mr. Dostal consulted
with South Dakota State personnel on potato processing waste treatment
and with EPA Regional personnel on sugarbeet processing waste treatment.
Mr. Boydston and Mr. Thompson visited the R. T. French Co. grant
site in Shelley, Idaho, attended a meeting of the Engineering Committee
of the Potato Processors of Idaho Association and visited a potato pro-
cessing plant which has converted to "dry caustic" peeling.
Work Plan FGF: Grant Monitoring
Mr. Dostal and Mr. Burm visited Tabor City Foods, Inc. (Grant 12060
FRW), Tabor City, North Carolina and Mr. Burm visited Widmer's Winery
(12060 EUZ), Naples, New York.
Mr. Burm met with the Distilled Spirits Institute Technical Com-
mittee regarding "Beverage Industrial Waste Studies" Contract (18000 HBD)
Dostal, Burm, and Taylor spent several days in Headquarters (EPA,
WQO) assisting on the four "Industrial Waste Studies" meetings between
-------
16
industry, contractors, and State and Federal regulatory personnel.
Mr. Taylor was assigned as project officer to the ongoing grant to
the City of Tualatin, Oregon, (11060 DLF) and Mr. Burm was assigned as
project officer on two existing projects: Crowley Milk Co. Grant
12060 DXF and American Crystal Sugar Co. Grant 12060 ESC.
Three new grants were awarded.
12060 HFY, Del Monte Corp., San Jose, California
Project Officer - H. W. Thompson
12060 GZY, NCA, Berkeley, California
Project Officer - H. W. Thompson
12060 FRW, Tabor City Foods, Inc., Tabor City, North Carolina
Project Officer - R. J. Burm
The following grant proposals and preproposals were received
during the quarter:
1. The process optimization for the utilization of whey.
2. Treatment of menhaden processing wastes.
3. Novel methods of sludge dewatering.
4. Pilot scale treatment of wine still age.
5. Microbial protein from food processing waste streams.
6. Use of Fungi Imperfecti on potato processing wastes.
7. Demonstration of rinse water reuse in a cottage cheese plant.
8. New concepts in cannery waste utilization.
9. Use of cannery wastes in denitrification.
10. Biological treatment of winery wastes.
-------
17
11. Joint treatment using ABF process.
12. Pressure aeration for waste treatment.
13. Development and operation of an acid whey fermentation demon-
stration pilot plant.
14. The conversion of food processing waste to high quality
dressed fish.
15. Utilization of seafood cannery wastes using a pulse jet dryer.
16. Reduction of salt content of food processing liquid waste effluent,
17. Rum distilling waste treatment by anaerobic digestion.
Eight final report drafts were received for technical review.
Work Plan GJJ: New and Improved Treatment Processes for Food
Processing Wastes
Monitoring of United Centennial Mill's three, parallel, anaerobic
trickling filters continued during the quarter. Two significant problems
were encountered: gas leaks in the tank tops which were corrected by
the contractor and a lack of pH control which was improved with the
addition of sodium bicarbonate. BOD and COD removals are still around
70 percent, considerably below the required 85 percent.
Work Plan GKI: Secondary Treatment Processes for Highly Seasonal
Wastes
Mr. Cochrane presented his oral report on the Salem pilot plant
operation to the OSU faculty committee and the written report was ac-
cepted in fulfillment of his degree requirements. Following some re-
-------
18
vision the written report will be forwarded to Project Reports System
for reproduction and distribution.
Grant and Contract Research
The current status of monitored grants is described below.
These grants are in the process of being assigned to work plans.
1. 12060 EUZ: Winery Wastewater - Characterization and
Treatment. Although the full-scale"treatment plant was started, the
post construction studies have been delayed because of mechanical
problems and excessive infiltration.
2. 12060 EKQ: Kent Cheese Company - Waste Treatment Facility.
Post construction studies are about 50 percent complete with BOD removals
over 95 percent being consistently obtained.
3. 12060 FLL: Activated Sludge: Bio-Disc Treatment of Distilling
Wastes. Facilities being constructed with completion scheduled for
August.
4. 12060 EHS: Cannery Waste Treatment by Lagoons and Oxidation
Ditch. Final report still being revised.
5. 12060 EHV: Aerobic Secondary Treatment of Potato Processing
Wastes with Mechanical Aeration. The final report has been reproduced.
A final audit has been requested.
6. 12060 DSI: State-of-the-art, Sugarbeet Processing Waste
Treatment. A revised copy of the final report was just received.
7. 12060 ECF: Water Pollution Abatement in the United States
Seafood Industry—State-of-the-art. Distribution of the final report
is underway. An audit has been requested.
-------
19
8. 11060 EZR: Complete Aerobic Treatment of Combined Domestic
and Industrial Wastes with Mechanical Aeration. The final report was
revised and submitted to Project Reports System.
9. 12060 EIG: Full-scale Demonstration and Evaluation of Potato
Dry and Wet Caustic Peeling Processes. Data collection is nearly complete
with the first draft of final report scheduled for August 1971.
10. WP-01486-01": Status and Research Needs for Potato Waste
Waters. Grant still not officially terminated.
11. 12060 FAD: Aerobic Treatment of Fruit Processing Wastes. Final
audit"raised" questions which have not been cleared.
12. WPD 93-04-68: Anaerobic-Aerobic Sugar Beet Waste Treatment.
Final report being revised.
13. 12060 DXL: Reduction of Salt Content of Food Processing
Liquid Waste Effluent. Final report has been submitted to Project
Reports System.
14. 12060 EDK: Production and Disposal Practices for Liquid
Wastes from Canning and Freezing Fruits and Vegetables. Draft of
final report still being revised.
15. 12060 EHT: Use of Fungi Imperfecti in Waste Control.
Still waiting for appendix of raw data before processing final voucher.
16. 12060 EDZ: Pilot Plant Installation for Use of Fungi Imperfecti
on Vegetable Wastes. Final report under revision.
17. 12060 FAK: Concentration of Sugar Beet Wastes for Economic
Treatment with Biological Systems. Final report still being revised.
-------
20
18. 12060 FQE: Dry Caustic Peeling of Tree Fruit to Reduce Liquid
Waste Volume and Strength. Final report has been submitted to Project
Reports System.
19. 11060 FJQ: Pollution Abatement and By-Product Recovery in
Shellfish and Fisheries Processing - Phase I. First draft of final
report has been received and returned"for revision.
20. 12060 ECU: State-of-the-art of Dairy Plant Wastes and Waste-
Treatment Systems. Final report" under preparation.
21. 12060 FDR: Disposal of Rum Distillery Wastes. Project is
being terminated before pilot plant experiments are conducted,
22. 12060 ESY: Improvement of Treatment of Food Industry Waste.
Second draft of final report has been received and following minor
revisions will be forwarded for reproduction.
23. 12060 EZP: Cannery Waste Treatment by the Kehr Activated
Sludge Process. Project not officially terminated.
24. WPRD 151-01-68: Integrated Treatment of Liquid Wastes from
Food Canning Operations. Reproduction of final report completed.
25. 12060 EHU: Reconditioning and Reuse of Food Processing
Brines. Masters of final report submitted to Headquarters.
26. 12060 DQV: Removal and Recovery of Fatty Materials from
Edible Fat and Oil Refinery Effluents. Second draft of final report
reviewed.
27. 12060 DEQ: Elimination"of" Pollution by and Utilization of
Protein Concentrates (Dried Whey) from" Milk Residues of Cheese Making.
Status unknown due to lack of correspondence from project officer.
-------
21
28. 12060 DPE: Treatment of Wastes from the Wet Milling Industry.
Post construction studies delayed due to failure of aeration basin
linings.
29. 12060 DSB: Demonstration of a Full-Scale Waste Treatment System
for a Cannery. Final report still being revised.
30. 12060 EAE: Evaluation of Controlled Temperature and Forced
Aeration in Trickling Filter Treatment of Food Canning Waste Waters.
Final report in Headquarters.
31. 12060 DXF: Development and Demonstration of an Ultrafiltration
Plant for the Abatement of Pollution from" Cottage Cheese Whey. Phase I
final report"being revised'and Phase II is"being initiated.
32. 12060 FOK: Acid Emulsion Breaking - Activated Sludge for
Bakery Waste. Full-scale facilities still under construction.
33. 12060 ESC: Separation, Dewatering and Disposal of Sugarbeet
Transport Water Solids. No activity until next beet sugar "campaign"
starts.
34. 12060 FUR: Membrane Separation of Soybean Whey for Product
Recovery and Waste Treatment. Pilot plant equipment has been installed
and testing has been initiated.
35. 12060 FTC: State-of-the-art Study of Water Pollution Control
from the Beverage Industry. About 55 percent of the work has been
completed. The termination date was June 15, 1971, and a request for
extension of this date was turned down.
36. 11060"DLF: Tertiary Treatment of Combined Domestic-Industrial
Wastes. Post construction studies are still being conducted.
-------
22
37. 11060 DJB: Controlled Treatment of Combined Potato Processing -
Municipal Wastes'by Anaerobic Fermentation, Aerobic Stabilization Process.
Status unknown because of lack of correspondence from project officer.
38. 11060 DUJ: Dynamic Process Development for Biological Treatment
of Whey Bearing Wastes. Final report still being revised.
39. 11060 ENF: Vermont Cheese Industry Pollution Abatement.
Project has not'been initiated.
40. 12060 PAV: Low Water Volume Enzyme Deactivation of Vegetables
before Preservation. Four pilot scale'blanching units (microwave, hot
air, steam and hot water) will be evaluated on spinach, asparagus, peas,
beets, snap beans, corn and pumpkin.
41. 12060 HFY: Dry Caustic Peeling of Clingstone Peaches on a
Commercial Scale. A full-scale peeling line (15 tons per hour) will
be constructed and evaluated. This is a scale-up of the successful
results from 12060 FQE.
42. 12060 FRW: Water and Waste Management in Sweet Potato Pro-
cessing. Although inplant surveys will be conducted to improve water
use practices, the principal effort will be devoted to evaluating a
full-scale "dry caustic" peel line on sweet potatoes.
Consulting Services
Listed under work plan ZAQ.
Reports, Papers and Presentations
Listed under work plan ZAQ.
-------
23
Plans for First Quarter, FY 1972
1. Continue grant monitoring.
2c Monitor full-scale anaerobic filters.
3. Continue work on development of effluent standards.
PAPER AND FOREST INDUSTRIES RESEARCH - PPB 1204, 1210, 1301
Status of Projects and Significant Accomplishments
Work Plan GJG: Technical Consultation and Data Dissemination
Major effort in this area has concerned staff time devoted to
Section 13 permit activities of concern to EPA in the pulp and paper
area; development of effluent standards for the pulp and paper in-
dustry; aid to the Regional Office at Seattle and Atlanta concerning
waste discharge requirements for ITT-Rayonier at Port Angeles, Wash-
ington, and Fernandina Beach, Florida; aid to the Atlanta Regional
Office on waste treatment plans and accomplishments for the St. Regis,
Pensacola, Florida, mill; aid to the Lake Superior office, Chicago Re-
gional Office regarding evaluation of State of Wisconsin orders on
mills on Wisconsin and Flambeau-Chippewa Rivers and consultation with
Oregon Department of Environmental Quality concerning a new mill
location in the Klamath Falls area.
Dr. Willard presented two talks to the University of Washington
Symposium on water quality covering pollution abatement from logging
and log handling and pollution abatement from plywood and board mills.
-------
24
Work Plan FCK: Coliform and Solids Removal from Aerated Lagoon Effluent.
This in-house project, under direction of Dr. Willard, is con-
tinuing to examine the effects of polymer and flocculant addition to
aerated lagoon effluent in an effort to reduce coliform, suspended
solids and color in the final effluent. Wastes from American Can at
Halsey; Weyerhaeuser at Springfield; Western Kraft at Albany, and
Crown-Zellerbach at Lebanon are used as source materials. The positive
removals obtained have been improved by sludge recycle and addition
of a much smaller polymer dosage. Current work relates to sludge
thickening by roller treatment.
Work Plan GJH: Suspended Solids Removal by Mechanical Means
This field project, set up at the Crown-Zellerbach Lebanon mill,
is approaching the operational stage with completion of construction.
Wastes are now being fed to the aerator on a daily batch basis. With
installation of adequate pH control facilities, feed will become con-
tinuous and a typical biomass developed for determination of operation
by mechanical screening equipment. Similar equipment will be applied
to unsettled mill wastes to achieve a partial separation prior to
biological treatment. Mr. Shankland and Mr. Ruppersberger have been
devoting the majority of their time to this project.
Work Plan ZBI. Series Biological Treatment of Pulp and Paper Wastes
Mr. Roush has completed construction and assembly of the bench
scale equipment needed for this preliminary evaluation of short term
-------
25
series aeration, with sludge recycle. Both aeration and settling times
can be varied through three cycles of treatment. Some equipment
modifications may be necessary after startup to obtain dependable sludge
return.
Work Plan 1210 ZAX: Pollutional Aspects of Bark Leachate
Sampling of lysimeter drainage has been discontinued during the
dry summer period. Study will continue next winter.
Work Plan FCD: Grant and Contract Monitoring
Grant applications and research proposals reviewed during the
quarter related to the following subjects:
1. Chemical and Biological Treatment of Wood Preserving Wastes.
2. Development of a Process Control Computer System for a Modern
Pulp and Paper Mill Waste Water Treatment Plant.
3. A Test Method for Assaying Volatile Component Stripping as a
Wastewater Treatment Operation.
4. Effects of Clearing and Nitrogen-Fertilization in Forest Grass-
lands.
5. Fate of Nitrogen Fertilizers in Forest Soil: Conversions, Move-
ment, and Losses.
6. Organic Compounds in Pulp Mill Lagoon Discharge.
7. Factors Affecting Slime Accumulation in Hardboard Mill Effluents,
8. Paper Machine Whitewater Treatment and Recycle.
9. Recycling Paper Machine Water to Reduce Water Pollution.
10. Color and Mineral Removal from Kraft Bleach Wastes.
-------
26
Grant and Contract Research
Current status on grants monitored by Paper and Forest Industries
Research personnel.
1. 12040 ELW: Aerated Lagoon Treatment of Sulfite Pulping Effluent.
The final report has been approved for publication.
2. 12040 EFC: Pollution Abatement by Fiber Modification. Final
report approved for publication. Laboratory study of strengthening
paper fibers by the addition of waste lignin sulfonates.
3. 12040 FKS: Steam Stripping and Rectification of Kraft Mill
Condensates and Black Liquors for Pollution Control and By-Product
Recovery. Program alteration and plant design completed.
4. 12040 DBD: Color and Mineral Removal from Kraft Bleach Wastes.
In the final year of the program examining the use of various ion ex-
change resins.
5. 12040 EXQ: Steam Stripping of Kraft Pulp Mill Effluent
Streams. Progress has continued to the end of the third and final
year.
6. 12040 DEH: Studies of Low Molecular Weight Lignin Sulfonates.
At the completion of the last year of this seven year project, isolation
and characterization of certain fractions of sulfonates have been ac-
complished.
7. 12040 ESY: A Demonstration Plant Evaluation of Four Methods
for Pulp and Paper Mill Sludge Utilization and Disposal. Separate
burning and log fuel addition burning studies continue. Soil assim-
ilation studies continue.
-------
27
8. 12040 EMY: Evaluation of'Role of High Rate Trickling Filters
and Aeration Devices Separately and in Combination for the Advanced
Biological Treatment of Integrated Kraft Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents.
The final report is being published.
9. 12040 FUB: Closure of Water Use'Loop in NSSC Pulp and Paper-
board Mill Utilizing Reverse Osmosis as a Unit Operation. Phase I pilot
operations completed. Report in preparation. Hold period of 3 months on
decision for commercial plant.
10. 12040 EEL: In-Plant Treatment of Dilute Wastes of the Pulping
Industry. The project is completing the fifth and final application
of reverse osmosis to unit process streams in the pulp and paper industry.
Project terminates Sept. 30.
11. 12040 EEK: Treatment of Selected Internal Kraft Mill Wastes
in Cooling Towers. BOD of condensates can be reduced and cooling water
recycled reducing mill pollution load and water needs. Report in pre-
paration.
12. 12100 EBG: Influence of Log Rafting on Water Quality. Currently
working on a four month extension, studies have shown the effect of
log handling and storage in water; a survey of practice has been completed
for the Northwest.
13. 12040 DLQ: Slime Growth Evaluation of Treated Pulp Mill Wastes.
Now in the final months of research this investigation has shown that
biologically treated pulp mill waste will not support slime growths as
well as untreated waste.
-------
28
14. 13010 EGA: Studies on Effects of Watershed Practices on
Streams. This study of logging methods'has'been completed and the
final draft Is being revised.
Plans for First Quarter, FY 1972
1. Continue R & D grant and contract monitoring and review.
2. Probable increased staff time on effluent standards application
to pulp and paper wastes.
3. Provide, on request, consulting services to Headquarters,
Regional Offices, and States.
4. Continue with in-house project work.
-------
NATIONAL THERMAL POLLUTION RESEARCH PROGRAM
PPB 1613
Status of Projects and Significant Accomplishments
Work Plan ZFL: Consultation and Advisory Services
On April 8-9, Mr. Rainwater and Dr. Tichenor traveled to Washington,
D. C. at the request of Headquarters for briefing the Administrator on
thermal pollution.
In conjunction with the Temperature Standards Work Group, Mr.
Rainwater attended two meetings. On April 20, Messrs. Stein, DeFalco
and the Work Group met with State representatives in Sacramento to
propose and discuss specific revisions in the January 7, 1971 draft
of "Policy Regarding the Control of Temperature in the Coastal and
Interstate Waters and Enclosed Bays and Estuaries in California."
Mr. DeFalco will confer with State representatives and delineate any
technical areas unresolved and the States' counterproposals thereon.
A meeting was held in New York on April 29 to discuss thermal criteria
with the New York State people.
April 26-28, Mr. Rainwater attended the first meeting of the
Water Research Coordinating Subcommittee of the Committee on Water
Quality (EPCE). This Committee, and the opportunity offered in working
with it, is the first and only formal mechanism for organizations within
the government and the electric power industry to coordinate and promote
activities in the environmental field.
-------
30
In April, Dr. Tichenor traveled to Washington to assist in the
development of NTPRP plans for FY-1972-1977, The plans were developed
in conjunction with guidelines provided by the Administrator. Manpower
and budget projections were based on a research program designed to meet
Agency goals as enunciated in the "National Plan and Strategy for Water
Quality."
The Technical Review Committee for the Industrial Waste Studies
Program, of which Mr. Christiansen is a member, met with Freeman Labora-
tories at Headquarters twice during the month of April. Mr. Christiansen
is the Technical Project Officer for the contract covering the Steam
Generation-Power Industry. At the April 8-9 meeting, the interim report
was reviewed and effluent criteria guidelines were recommended for this
industrial waste study category. The April 30 meeting was a follow-up
review of new and amended data, in semi-final form, as specified to the
contractor in the previous meeting.
Mr. Christiansen participated as a guest lecturer (April 14 and
28) in a training course sponsored by the Manpower and Training Branch
entitled, "Field Investigations and Sampling Techniques."
Mr. Rainwater met with Dr. Carl Thomas of Environmental Systems
Corporation May 6 to review progress and firm plans for ESC's recently
awarded demonstration grant on "Quantitative Measurement and Continuous
On-Line Monitoring of Drift from Salt or Brackish Water Cooling Towers."
May 10-12 Mr. Christiansen met with Kansas City Regional Office
personnel, the Union Electric Company and the Missouri Water Pollution
-------
31
Board to discuss Union Electric's proposed heat discharge to the Missis-
sippi River from their Rush Island plant. Subsequent to the meeting
in Kansas City, representatives of the consulting engineering firm of
Bechtel met in Corvallis with Mr. A. T. Wicks (EPA, Kansas City), and
the NTPRP staff to describe their mathematical model for thermal plume
behavior. This meeting was held May 27, 1971.
On June 1 Mr. Rainwater attended a briefing at the Office of
Science and Technology relative to the energy requirements of the United
States.
Mr. Christiansen traveled to Denver, Colorado June 21 for the June
meeting of the Cooling Tower Institute to discuss our work on cooling
tower blowdown with industry representatives.
Mr. Rainwater was in Washington, D. C. June 23 to review a state-
ment to be used before the Joint Committee on Atomic Energy,
June 23, Dr. Tichenor visited W. Sargent & Lundy Consulting Engineers,
Chicago, Illinois, to discuss the technical aspects of EG&G's cooling
tower plume model. Dr. Tichenor attended the Michigan Water Resources
Commission Public Hearing in Lansing, Michigan, on June 24 to present
testimony on the cost of alternative cooling systems„
Work Plan ZFC: Heat Transport and Behavior in the Mixing Zone
A dynamic three-dimensional model for the prediction of water
temperatures in a thermal plume in a lake has been formulated and tested.
The plume which results from the discharge of heated water is described
in terms of a buoyant free turbulent half-jet. The effects of a uni-
form current and wind can be accommodated by the model. Mixing by
-------
32
turbulence, lateral spread under the effect of buoyancy, heat transfer
at the water surface, and the deflection of the main trajectory under
wind shear stress in a current are accounted for. Though it was necessary
to make several broad assumptions, for example that all cross sectional
temperature distributions were similar and that there was no distortion
of the cross-section by wind, the results show the overall behavior of
the plume reasonably well. As stated earlier the model does not account
for the effects of solid boundaries. The main features of the model
are its simplicity and comprehensiveness, the combination of the several
processes which have a major effect on the plume behavior, and the
possibility of including future experimental or theoretical results.
A system of equations is developed which, when solved numerically,
predicts the jet trajectory, width, velocity, and temperature decrease
for the case of a two-dimensional surface jet.
In order to test the proposed model, data were collected from both
laboratory experiments and field surveys. The laboratory experiments
were designed to study how the entrainment coefficient, the drag coef-
ficient (representing the pressure gradient), and the zone of flow
establishment are related to the velocity ratio and to the initial
angle of discharge. The results indicate that entrainment is reduced
as the discharge angle is reduced from 90° to 60° and 45°, that the drag
coefficient decreases as the velocity ratio is increased, and that the
length of the zone of flow establishment decreases as the velocity
ratio is increased.
Data from five surveys at three different field sites were analyzed
to see how well the proposed model could describe the observed temperature
-------
33
distributions. The results indicate that the entrapment coefficient
was reasonably constant for three surveys at one field site even when
the velocity ratio was changed. The results also indicate that entrap-
ment is a function of the ratio of the ambient width to the discharge
width, which was different at each of the field sites studied. The
observed field values of the drag coefficient appear to be a function
of the velocity ratio and agreed very well with the values observed in
the laboratory. The proposed model appears to describe adequately the
observed temperature decrease to a point downstream where the temperature
rise is approximately one-tenth as large as the initial temperature
rise. Beyond this point, the results indicate that the effects of
ambient turbulence must be considered.
Work Plan ZBA: Improvement in Evaporative Cooling Methods
Dr. Garton has begun literature survey and in-house research on
constituents, effects and control of cooling tower blowdown. Laboratory
experiments are being conducted and initial results have been obtained
on toxicity of a simulated cooling tower blowdown and of the chromate
portion of the blowdown. The test organism is the alga Selenastrum
capricornutum and tests follow the Provisional Algal Assay Procedure
proposed by the National Eutrophication Research Program.
Work Plan ZFD: Heat Transport and Behavior in Large Hydro!ogic Systems
An evaluation of available temperature prediction models is being
conducted by Vanderbilt University to assess the applicability of various
models to specific situations. Among the models being evaluated are:
-------
34
Developer Type of Model Published In
1. Cornell Aeronautical Stratified Lake or EPA Report
Laboratory Reservoir No, 16130DPU02/71
2. Massachusetts Institute Stratified Reservoir MIT, Ralph M
of Technology Parsons Lab Report No.
137
3. Water Resources Stratified Reservoir EPA Report
Engineers, Inc. No. 16130EXT12/69
4. EPA Well-mixed stream Working Paper No. 65,
NW Region
Work Plan ZFF: Engineering and Cost Aspects of Heat Dissipation
A feasibility study was made for dry cooling tower application to
electric power generation in regions in the Middle East. It was found
that in one instance the cost of water saved by using a dry system
was roughly equal to the cost of the dry system itself.
The effect of wind and current action on various types of reflective
particles was studied in a simulated pond. The relative degradation of
the reflective particles by algae was determined. Environmental thermal
testing of a simulated reflective particle pond was initiated on the
roof of the Laboratory annex. Several practical and economic problems
appeared for the materials tested. Materials which were low cost degraded
under the action of algae and would not respread when the wind subsided.
Larger and denser particles which mitigate the wind effect appear too
expensive for practical application.
Work Plan ZFJ: Beneficial Uses of Heated Water
Nothing significant to report.
-------
35
Work Plan ZFI: Advanced Power Generation
Nothing significant to report.
Grant and Contract Research
Work Plan ZFF: Engineering and Cost Aspects of Heat Dissipation
The final report on United Aircraft Research Laboratories contract
14-12-593, "Advanced Nonthermally Polluting Gas Turbines in Utility
Applications," was submitted to the Project Reports System under number
16130DNE03/71.
A paper, "Turbulent Bed Cooling Tower," by R. G. Barile and D. W.
Meyer, was prepared under grant to Purdue University, 16130 ENQ.
Vanderbilt University submitted to the Project Reports System a
report, "Effect of Geographical Location on Cooling Pond Requirements
& Performance," 16130FDQ03/71.
.Work Plan ZFC: Heat Transport and Behavior in the Mixing Zone
A paper, "Surface Jet Model for Heated Discharges," by Motz and
Benedict, was prepared under grant with Vanderbilt University.
Vanderbilt also submitted to the Project Reports System a report
on 16130FDQ03/71, "Heated Surface Jet Discharged into a Flowing Ambient
Stream."
Continuing Projects
Work Plan ZFF: Engineering and Cost Aspects of Heat Dissipation
Environmental Systems Corporation, 16130 GNF, "Quantitative
Measurement and Continuous On-Line Monitoring of Drift from Salt
or Brackish Water."
-------
36
In-house study on toxicity blowdown for cooling towers.
Purdue University, 16130 EMQ, "Turbulent Bed Cooling Tower."
Work Plan ZFC: Heat Transport and Behavior in the Mixing Zone
Oregon State University, 16130 DGM, "Thermal Plume Dispersion."
St. Anthony Falls Hydraulic Laboratory, 16130 FSU, "Mixing and
Dispersion at a Warm Water Outlet."
Vanderbilt University, 16130 FDQ, "Project for Concentrated
Research and Training in the Hydro!ogic and Hydraulic Aspects of
Water Pollution Control."
In-house work leading to preparation of digest on mathematical
models for prediction of heat behavior in receiving waters.
Work Plan ZFD: Heat Transport and Behavior in Large Hydrologic Systems
Cornell University, 16130 DIP, "Heat and Water Vapor Exchange
Between Water Surface and the Atmosphere."
Oregon State University, 16130 FOK, "Controlling Thermal Pollution
in Small Streams."
In-house study on the heat budget on small streams through analysis
of Little Deschutes field study data.
Work Plan ZFJ: Beneficial Uses of Heated Water
Eugene Water and Electric Board, 16130 EIK, "Thermal Water Demon-
stration Project."
Reports, Papers, and Presentations
1. The results of in-house research on reflective material analysis
is being prepared in the form of a staff paper.
-------
37
2. An open file report on the cooperative study between EPA and
USGS has been cleared and is being published by USGS.
3. Dr. Shirazi is preparing a paper entitled, "Dry Cooling Tower
for Electric Power Generation in Semi-Arid Regions," to be submitted
to the Association on Water Pollution Research held in Jerusalem in
June 1972.
Plans for First Quarter, FY 72
Work Plan ZFC: Heat Transport and Behavior in the Mixing Zone
Continuation of the development of a digest of mathematical
models for temperature prediction in the mixing zone.
Work Plan ZFF: Engineering and Cost Aspects of Heat Dissipation
Continue laboratory work on the toxicity of blowdown from cooling.
towers.
Demonstration of drift measurement equipment techniques developed
by Environmental System Corporation under research grant 16130 GNF.
Work Plan ZFD: Heat Transport and Behavior in Large Hydro!ogic Systems
Complete report on the heat exchange in small streams. This will
be the wrao-up of the Little Deschutes field study.
-------
CONSOLIDATED LABORATORY SERVICES PROGRAM
Status of Projects and Significant Accomplishments
General
The ^-Np-Op field gas chromatograph was used in analysis
of samples in the field at Lewiston, Idaho and at The Dalles Dam
site in Oregon. Field testing indicated that moisture collecting
in Dri-Rite and particulates in water samples caused some problems.
Discussions with Dr. Ray Weiss of Scripps at La Jolla, California
resulted in modifications which will solve the moisture problem. The
problem of particulates in water samples will require further study.
Dr. Weiss also recommended an absolute calibration system which will
be incorporated into the present unit. The hardware has been ordered
to modify the unit.
The new bookkeeping and production of bench sheets for analysts
is functioning very well. The bookkeeping provides backlog information
and turn around time in laboratory analysis by project and parameter.
The backlog now is a function of priority, production line management,
and AQC problems.
Automated Analytical Systems
The Technicon II system continues to function to our expectations.
Our experiences with the system have been such that an additional colorimeter
and a dual printer have been ordered to increase our caoability in reducing
the turn around time for those constituents which are automated. The basic
-------
39
analytical chemistry in the analysis of water samples has convinced us
that at this time acquisition of linearizing devices is unwarranted.
(Linearizing devices are marketed by Technicon for chemical analytical
systems which do not obey the Beer-Lambert Law over a span of values
of interest.)
The daily backlog under trouble free operation is equivalent
to the input which includes reruns scheduled by AQC program. There
are always a few samples that require special attention because of
some problem of interference.
When samples contain appreciable particulate material, a distil-
lation pretreatment step is required before analysis for ammonia nitrogen,
The pretreatment has caused problems in washout below 0.5 mg/1 of NhU-N.
In the samples that have been analyzed where particulates are present,
ammonia levels are above 1 mg/1.
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
The two Instrumentation Laboratory Atomic Absorption Spectrophoto-
meters, model 353, required a considerable amount of factory servicing.
The units are now performing with better detection limits than their
predecessor models.
Specialized Analysis
The backlog of analysis of samples for carbon, nitrogen, and
hydrogen using the CHN Analyzer has been eliminated.
Analyses were performed for phosphorus content of soda pop, beer,
and gasoline. The procedures for analysis of these constituents were
those found in the latest editions of AOAC and ASTM.
-------
40
The specialized group is now concentrating their efforts on analysis
of arsenic and selenium.
During this quarter considerable effort was devoted to the analysis
of dissolved nitrogen gas in water.
Analysis of Carbon
The Beckman carbonaceous analyzer continues to be used for routine
analysis of total carbon and total inorganic carbon. The sensitivity
of the analysis is +_ 1 mg/1 with the use of a 20 yl sample size. The
backlog for carbon analysis continues to be low.
Kjeldahl Analysis
A slight backlog has been built up in the Kjeldahl section. The
influx of a large number of samples with establishment of priorities
has not posed a problem.
Computer Services
A briefing was held to acquaint laboratory staff with computer
services available with the laboratory. This briefing has made the
black box a tool that can be and is used by more people.
The Ely, Shagawa Lake chemical, analytical work is regularly being
monitored for conformance in Analytical Quality Control Program aspects.
All data analyzed at Ely is now being stored in the computer within
about three weeks of collection of samples. This rapid response in
data verification permits a more meaningful input into modeling programs.
-------
41
Biology
Routine samples were analyzed from the Eutrophication Research Program
and the Coastal Pollution Research Program.
Microbiology
Routine samples from the Pollution Surveillance and the National Waste
Treatment and Control Research Programs were handled.
Areas of Concern
Planning and priorities continue to be a source of concern. The
chemical, biological, and microbiological answers can be determined rapidly
if planning is accomplished and priorities are established. The planning
requires information on expected levels, need of project leaders as to
sensitivity of detection, and when the answers are desired. The basic
area of concern is establishment and maintenance of good lines of communi-
cations.
Reports and Papers
None.
Plans for First Quarter, FY 1972
Reduce turn around time in supplying data to project leaders.
Field test CO^-N^-Cu gas analyzer after completion of modifications.
Produce report on analysis of total carbon, inorganic carbon, and
particulate organic carbon.
-------
TRAINING AND MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT
Status of Projects and Significant Accomplishments
Direct Training
Title Location Date Students
"Field Investigations and Corvallis, Ore. April 12-16 26
Sampling Techniques" Corvallis, Ore. April 26-30 24
"Membrane Filter Workshop" Klamath Falls, Ore. May 6-7 25
Rexburg, Idaho May 10-12 24
"Field Investigations and Klamath Falls, Ore. June 14-18 30
Sampling Techniques"
Manpower Development
As part of the Alaskan Village Demonstration Project, six native
Alaskans will be trained as operators of water and wastewater facilities
to be built in three native villages. This program is funded under a
Public Services Career contract with the Department of Labor.
A skill improvement training program for sewage treatment plant
operators has been funded under MDTA at Washington State University,
Pullman, Washington.
A pilot program for development of a two-year Associate Degree
in Wastewater Treatment Technology has been approved for funding by
EPA for Linn-Benton Community College, Albany, Oregon.
A training grant has been awarded Linn-Benton Community College
as a delegate agency of the Oregon Department of Environmental
Quality for upgrading the skills of sewage treatment plant operators.
A Project Transition training program has been approved at
Clover Park Technical School, Tacoma, Washington. During the last
-------
43
16 weeks of duty, a separating serviceman may be assigned for
training as a sewage treatment plant operator in this program.
A cooperative manpower needs survey by U. S. Department of
Labor and EPA was started in the Northwest Region early in
June. The study aimed at delineating personnel requirements for
sewage treatment plants is progressing on schedule. All plants
included in the survey have been visited and the pertinent data
collected. Evaluation and projection of these data will be
completed during July, 1971.
Public Relations
Tours and orientation were provided for 130 people; staff
provided speaking services at high schools for student groups
for approximately 880 students. Films and slide/tapes were
loaned for viewing by over 1000 viewers.
------- |