EPA-600/2-77-243
November 1977
Environmental Protection Technology Series
              OIL  SPILL  AND  OIL  POLLUTION  REPORTS
                                      May 1977 -  July 1977
                                       Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
                                            Office of Research and Development
                                            U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
                                                     Cincinnati, Ohio 45268

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                 RESEARCH REPORTING SERIES

 Research reports of the Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental
 Protection Agency, have been grouped into nine series. These nine broad cate-
 gories were established to facilitate further development and application of en-
 vironmental technology. Elimination of  traditional grouping was  consciously
 planned to foster technology transfer and a maximum interface in related fields.
 The nine series are:

       1.  Environmental Health Effects Research
      2.  Environmental Protection Technology
      3.  Ecological Research
      4.  Environmental Monitoring
      5.  Socioeconomic Environmental Studies
      6.  Scientific and Technical Assessment Reports (STAR)
      7.  Interagency Energy-Environment Research and Development
      8.  "Special" Reports
      9.  Miscellaneous Reports

 This report has been  assigned to the ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECH-
 NOLOGY series. This series describes research performed to develop and dem-
 onstrate instrumentation, equipment, and methodology to repair or prevent en-
 vironmental degradation from point and non-point sources of pollution. This work
 provides the new or improved technology required for the control and treatment
 of pollution sources to meet environmental quality standards.
This document is available to the public through the National Technical Informa-
tion Service, Springfield, Virginia  22161.

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                                                 EPA-600/2-77-243
                                                 November 1977
          OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION  REPORTS
                 May 1977 - July 1977
                          by

  Penelope Melvin, Helmut Ehrenspeck,  and  Paul  Nordin
               Marine Science Institute
               University of California
           Santa Barbara, California 93106
                   Grant No.  R805052
                    Project Officer

                  L.  T.  McCarthy,  Jr.
        Oil  & Hazardous  Materials  Spills  Branch
Industrial  Environmental  Research  Laboratory-Cincinnati
               Edison, New Jersey  08817
     INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABORATORY
          OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
         U.S.  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
                CINCINNATI, OHIO 45268

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                                DISCLAIMER
This report has been reviewed by the Industrial Environmental Research
Laboratory-Cincinnati, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and approved
for publication.  Approval does not signify that the contents necessarily
reflect the views and policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency, nor does mention of trade names or commercial products constitute
endorsement or recommendation for use.

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                               FOREWORD
Wheri energy and material resources are extracted, processed, converted,
and used, the related pollutional impacts on our environment and even
on our health often require that new and increasingly more efficient
pollution control methods be used.  The Industrial Environmental Research
Laboratory - Cincinnati (lERL-Ci) assists in developing and demonstrating
new and improved methodologies that will meet these needs both efficiently
and economically.

This report is a product of the above efforts.  It cites current events,
literature, research, patents, and other material relevant to the oil
pollution abatement program and is published in an abstract format on a
quarterly basis.  As such, it serves as a basic reference document for
all those interested in oil spill and oil pollution control.  This project
is part of the continuing program of the Oil and Hazardous Materials
Spills Branch, lERL-Ci to assess and mitigate the environmental impact
of oil pollution.
                                    David G. Stephan
                                       Director
                      Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
                                      Cincinnati
                                   m

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                         ABSTRACT

OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS is a quarterly bulletin
designed to review current scientific and technical publications
and research projects in the field of oil pollution.  Subject
coverage includes aquatic and terrestrial oil pollution with
emphasis on the marine environment.  This issue contains summaries
of research projects and published information selected from the
scientific and technical literature during the period May, 1977
through July, 1977.
                           /
The following sections are included in the report:
                I.  Reports,  Publications, and Patents
               II.  Current Research Projects
              III.  Current Oil-Related Conferences

This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of EPA Grant No.
R805052-01  by the Marine Science Institute, University of California,
Santa Barbara, California, under the sponsorship of the Environmental
Protection Agency.
                                  IV

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                              CONTENTS
                                                                    Page
Abstract	   iv
Acknowledgements 	 viii
Introduction 	   ix
Abbreviations - Acronyms 	    x
Sections
I.  Reports, Publications,  and Patents
    A.  Oil Pollution Detection and Evaluation
        1.  Reporting	     1
        2.  Monitoring	   9
        3.  Remote Sensing	24
        4.  Sampling	28
        5.  Analysis	'	31
        6.  Source Identification  	  42
B.  Oil Pollution Prevention and Control
        1;  Containment	46
        2.  Cleanup and Recovery	50
        3.  Restoration	71
        4.  Oil Transfer and Transport	72
        5.  Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods	82
        6.  Reclamation and Reuse	Ill
        7.  Personnel Training and Education	116
        8.  Contingency Planning   .  	  ..... 116
        9.  Prevention and Control Measures  	 117

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    C.  Effects of Oil Pollution                                       Page
        1.  Biological Effects  	  126
        2.  Physical Effects  	  158
        3.  Economic Effects  	  158
        4.  General Effects	159
    D.  Effects of Oil Exploration and Production
        1.  Biological Effects	  169
        2.  Social Effects	187
        3.  Economic Effects  	  188
        4.  General Effects	  188
    E.  Fate of Oil in the  Environment
        1.  Biodegradation	202
        2.  Physical Changes  	  211
        3.  Chemical Changes  	  214
        4.  General Fate of Oil	215
    F.  Oil Pollution Regulations
        1.  State Legislation	224
        2.  U.S. Legislation	225
        3.  International Legislation	227
        4.  Foreign Legislation	228
        5.  Agreements and Conventions 	  229
    G.  Bibliographies	233
II.  Current Research Projects	237
    A.  Oil Pollution Detection and Evaluation
        1.  Monitoring	238
        2.  Analysis	  .  239
        3.  Sampling	241
                                     vi

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     B.   Oil  Pollution Prevention and Control                        Page
         1.   Containment	    240
         2.   Cleanup and Recovery	    242
         3.   Restoration	    244
         4.   Waste Treatment and Disposal  Methods	    244
         5.   Reclamation and Reuse	    248
         6.   Prevention and Control  Measures 	    250
     C.   Effects of Oil Pollution
         1.   Biological Effects	    252
         2.   General Effects	    264
     D.   Effects of Oil Exploration  and Production
         1.   Biological Effects	    265
         2.   General Effects	    266
     E.   Fate of Oil in the Marine Environment 	
         1.   Biodegradation	    271
         2.   Physical Changes of Oil	    276
         3.   Chemical Changes of Oil  	    277
         4.   General Fate of Oil	    277
III.  Current Conferences 	    280
                                                                \
 Master List of Keywords 	    297
 Subject Index 	    302
 Author Index  	    365
 Appendix	    372

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                           ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors appreciate the assistance of Ms.  Kathy Courtney, Mrs.
Patricia Thurston, and Mrs. Mary Ankeny in typing the camera-ready
copy of OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS.   We also wish to thank
the personnel of the Science-Engineering Library, University of
California, Santa Barbara, for their assistance during the research
stages of the project.
                              vm

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                             INTRODUCTION

OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS is a quarterly bulletin which
reviews pertinent scientific and technical publications and research
projects to provide its readers with current developments in the field
of oil pollution.  This issue contains summaries of articles, reports,
patents, documents, and other materials relating to oil pollution
published during the period 1974 to 1976 (Section I); summaries and
status of current research projects (Section II); and current oil-
related conferences (Section III).

Subject coverage includes aquatic and terrestrial oil pollution with
emphasis on the marine environment.  Items in Section I are categorized
by seven major subdivisions which are divided into thirty-three specific
subject categories.  These are presented in the Table of Contents.
Patents and patent applications are announced under appropriate subject
categories.  Subject and author indexes for entries in Section I are
provided at the end of the report.  A list of the periodicals reviewed
in preparing this series appears in the Appendix.

Section II presents titles of active or recently completed oil pollution
research projects, summaries of project objectives, and current status
information and/or resulting publications rpovided upon request by the
principal investigators or performing organization.  Notices of research
projects were obtained from the Smithsonian Science Information Exchange
(SSIE); Maritime Research Information Service Abstracts; and Canada,
Department of the Environment, Spill Technology Newsletter.  Entries are
arranged according to the same subject categories as in Section I and
are ordered by serial  number within each subject division.  Some of
the current projects listed in previous Oil Pollution Reports have been
recently renewed.  These projects have been relisted and headed by the
same serial number as originally reported, followed by the work (renewal),
Renewal entries are listed at the beginning of each subject category.

Section III, Current Oil-Related Conferences, contains descriptive
information on recently held and upcoming conferences relevant to any
aspects of oil pollution.   Conference dates are listed; and, when
information is available,  titles, authors, and abstracts of conference
papers are included.   All  information for this section was obtained
from the periodicals  reviewed (Appendix)  and from responses to written
inquiries concerning  the meetings.

Entries in Section I  and II have separate serial numbers.   The letters
preceding the serial  numbers designate the following;  C,  reports,
publications, and patents; and R, research projects.
                                    IX

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                            ABBREVIATIONS
 atm    atmosphere                      mg
 bbl    barrel                          mi
 °C     degrees Centigrade              min
 cm     centimeter                      ml
 dwt    dead weight ton                 mm
 EIS    environmental impact statement  DCS
 °F     degrees Fahrenheit              oz
 ft     foot                            PAH
 g      gram                            pH
 gal    gallon
 GLC    gas-liquid chromatography       ppb
 gpd    gallons per day                 ppm
 gph    gallons per hour                sp.
 gpm    gallons per minute              TLC
 ha     hectare                         U.S.
 hr     hour                            USSR
 i.e.   (id est), that is
 in     inch                            UV
 IR     infrared                        VLCC
 kg     kilogram                        wt
 km     kilometers                      yr
 kn     knot
 1       liter                           y
 Ib     pound                           %
 LNG    liquefied natural gas           /
 LOT    load on top
 LPG    liquefied petroleum gas
 m      meter
mi 11igram
mile
minute
mi 11i1i ter
millimeter
outer continental shelf
ounce
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
the negative log of the H ion
 concentration
part per billion
part per million
species
thin-layer chromatography
United States
Union of Soviet Socialist
 Republics
ultraviolet
very large crude carrier
weight
year

micron
percent
per
                                ACRONYMS
 API     American  Petroleum  Institute
 BLM     Bureau  of Land  Management
 CEQ     Council on Environmental Quality
 EPA     Environmental Protection Agency
 ERDA    Energy  Research and  Development Administration
 FEA     Federal Energy  Administration
 IMCO    International Maritime Consultative Organization
 NASA    National  Aeronautics and Space Administration
 NBS     National  Bureau of Standards
 NOAA    National  Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
 NTIS    National  Technical Information Service
 UN      United Nations
 USCG    United States Coast Guard  (DOT)
 USGS    United States Geological Survey
 USDI    United States Department of Interior
 USDA    United States Department of Agriculture
USN     United States Navy

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          SECTION I.  REPORTS, PUBLICATIONS, AND PATENTS


A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION AND EVALUATION

    1.  REPORTING


        C-1005-77
        BIG BLOWOUT IN NORTH SEA 'RARE1  EVENT
        Anon.  1977.
        National Fisherman 58(2):43-A-44-A.

        Oil spills, Offshore drilling, Spill containment, North Sea,
        *Well blowout
        The April, 1977 North Sea oil well blowout from the Phillips
        Petroleum Company Platform Bravo is  reported.   The well was
        gushing over 185,000 1 (49,000 gals) of oil per hour into the
        sea, and attempts to contain or clean up the spill were prevented
        by 3m seas.


        C-1006-77
        COSTLY PROBLEM OF WASTE OIL (news brief)
        Anon.  1977.
        Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(3):52.

        Waste oil, Disposal, Economics,  Health hazards, UK

        The United Kingdom Department of the Environment's Waste Manage-
        ment Advisory Council Report, "An Economic Case Study of Waste
        Oil," indicates that 58,500 metric tons (65,000 tons) of high-
        quality oil are wasted annually in Britain causing pollution and
        health problems.  Almost half of the oil wasted results from
        motorists in do-it-yourself oil  changes.  If this oil could be
        reprocessed, a<£l.7 million reduction in the country's balance
        of payments debt would be realized.
        C-1007-77
        EKOFISK WELL KILLED; PROBE UNDERWAY (news brief)
        Anon.  1977.
        Oil and Gas Journal 75(19):36.

        Oil spills, *Ekofisk blowout, Spill cleanup, North Sea, Norway
        Capping operations which successfully ended  the
        30, 1977, at Ekofisk field's Bravo platform well
        The blowout spilled a total of about 140,000 bbl  of
        North Sea; only a small fraction has been recorded.
        cleanup efforts are reviewed, and the ramifications
        North Sea oil development are considered.
blowout on April
14 are detailed.
   oil into the
    Ongoing spill
   for further
                                    1

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 C-1008-77
 FIRST NORTH SEA OIL POLLUTION (news brief)
 Anon.  1977.
 Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(2):29-30.

 Oil  spills, North Sea, Beaches, Scotland
 The  first North Sea oil pollution was recorded on the 24th and 25th
 September, 1976, along the beaches of north-east Scotland.
 Samples of oil were analyzed, but they were indistinguishable
 from weathered oil samples of that area.
 C-1009-77
 NORTH  SEA WELL BLOWOUT CREATES HAVOC (news brief)
 Anon.  1977.
 Chemical &  Engineering News 55(18):6-7.

 Oil  spills, Offshore drilling, Spill containment, North Sea,
 *Ekofisk well blowout

 A brief report on the recent Ekofisk offshore oil well blowout
 is presented,and the steps taken to prevent a platform fire,to
 cap  the well, and to contain the oil spill are reported.
 C-1010-77
 OCEANS  (news brief)
 Anon.   1977.
 Environmental Action 8(20):7.

 Tankers, Safety, Pollution prevention, U.S., *Liberian registry
 laws

 Measures to improve tanker safety in U.S. waters are presented
 and Liberian tanker registry laws are discussed.  U.S. Congres-
 sional  action and CIA operations are reported with reference to
 OPEC nations and possible oil embargoes.
C-1011-77
PHILLIPS WORKS TO KILL EKOFISK BLOWOUT (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Oil and Gas Journal 75:128-129.

Oil spills, *Ekofisk blowout, Monitoring, Spill cleanup, North
Sea, Norway

The first major oil spill in 8 years of North Sea drilling  occurred
with a well blowout at the Phillips platform well 14 on April 22,
1977, with an estimated outpouring of 20,000 to 25,000 bpd.
Attempts to cap the well, and the spill response, slick monitoring,
and cleanup measures are briefly reviewed.

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C-1012-77
POLLUTION KILLS MORE SEABIRDS (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(2):29.
Birds, Contamination, Monitoring, UK, *Bird mortality
Many more seabirds died as a result of oil pollution during the
winter of 1975-1976 than in the previous winter along Britain's
coasts.  The survey, sponsored by the Royal Society for the
Protection of Birds (RSPB) and the Seabird Group, is part of an
international effort to monitor the effects of oil pollution on
seabirds.
C-1013-77
ROUND THE WORLD NEWS - UNITED STATES (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(2):30.

Environmental effects, Fisheries, Argo Merchant spill, Olympic
Games spill

Possible damage to the environment caused by the "Argo Merchant"
oil spill is discussed, and the preliminary hearing in New York
of the suit filed by the New England fishermen against the
tanker owners is reviewed.  The "Olympic Games" spill is also
described.
C-1014-77
THE TANKER FLAG FROM PARK AVENUE (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Massachusetts Audubon 16(6) :2-3.

Oil spills, Tankers, Argo Merchant spill, *Liberian registry

The Liberian shipping registry is reviewed in reference to the
"Argo Merchant1 oi1 spill and major oil spill incidents listed by
the Center for Short-Lived Phenomena are reported.  Of the 39
oil tanker spills in 1976, 14 of them were registered under the
Liberian flag.
C-1015-77
OIL POLLUTION IN NORTHEAST ENGLAND
Bourne, W. R. P.  1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(4):73-74.
Oil slicks, Coasts, Contamination, Birds, Restoration, England
In February, 1977, some 700 oiled Guillemots were found along
the coast of Yorkshire as a result of an offshore oil slick.

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The author comments on two points which regard this incident:
the inaction of the Nature Conservancy Council in conducting
an aerial survey of the slick, and the suitability of techniques
used by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds to rehabili-
tate oiled birds.
 C-1016-77
 PRESENT STATE OF POLLUTION IN THE GULF OF TRIESTE (in Italian)
 Catalfamo, E.  1976.
 1975 Yearbook.  Trieste, Italy, Parco Marino di Miramare, 1976.
 117p.
 Sources, Contamination, Hydrocarbons, Wastewaters, Italy, *Gulf
 of Trieste
 The main sources of chemical (industrial wastes and hydrocarbon)
 and physical pollution of the Gulf of Trieste are briefly
 described.  The author emphasizes the need for research work in
 this area, to be carried out at the Control Station of the Marine
 Park of Miramare.
 [from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(3):#7Q3046.  1977]


 C-1017-77
 OIL SPILLS, 1971-75, GULF OF MEXICO OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF
 Danenberger, E. P.  1976.
 U.S. Geological Survey Circular 741.   47p:
 Oil spills, DCS, Offshore drilling, Gulf of Mexico

 Presented are statistics and a discussion of oil spills resulting
 from offshore operations on Federal oil and gas leases in the
 Gulf of Mexico.  The total Gulf of Mexico oil spillage  recorded
 during this period amounted to 51,427 bbl.  Comparison of the
 volume spilled with the volume produced  for Gulf of Mexico OCS
 operations results in a spillage rate of 0.0028%.


 C-1018-77
 ROUND-THE-WORLD NEWS.  ISRAEL (news brief)
 Dixon, T. R.  1977.
 Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(5):101.

 Spill cleanup, Oil transfer, Oil spills, Ports, Shorelines,
 Contamination, Israel, *Eilat Oil Terminal

 During oil transfer operations at the Eilat Oil Terminal, a hose
 rupture resulted in the spillage of 50 tons of crude oil into the
 Gulf of Aquaba, causing contamination of 8 km of shoreline.
 Problems of spill containment and cleanup are briefly related.
 The Eilat Sea Pollution Control Station  responsible for cleanup
operations had inadequate manpower and equipment to combat the
 spill.

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C-1019-77
SPILL IN PORTUGAL, A REPORT OF THE JAKOB MAERSK INCIDENT
Duerden, F. C.  1976.
Environmental impact and assessment report, EPS-8-EC-76-1.   32p.

Spill cleanup, Tankers, Portugal, *Jakob Maersk spill

The 88,000 dwt tanker, "Jakob Maersk", grounded off the port of
Leixoes, Portugal in 1975-  Cleanup operations involved both the
Portuguese Army and Navy.  The effects of the massive  amount of
oil spilled were relatively slight due to a well coordinated
cleanup effort.

[from Selected Water Resources AbstractslO(6):#W77-02752.   1977]


C-1020-77
OIL AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS SPILL INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEM.
USER'S MANUAL.  (OHM-SIRS)
Environmental Protection Agency.  Oil and Special Materials
Control Division.  1975.
PB-243662/4ST.  Up.
Oil spills, Information systems, Manuals

"This manual is designed to provide guidance to those  who  prepare
reports on spill episodes to the Division of Oil and Special
Materials Control, and who expect to access the system for
developing Regional analytical studies."

[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(5):#9099.  1977]


C-1021-77
POLLUTION PROBLEMS OF THE SETO INLAND SEA
Goto, M.  1975.
Pure and Applied Chemistry 42(1-2):155-166.

Environmental deterioration, Oil spills, Statistics, Japan,
*Seto Inland Sea

The present state of pollution of the Seto Inland Sea  of Japan
is reviewed as an example of pollution of a confined aquatic
environment.  Of the 2283 cases of pollution reported  in 1972,
about 87% were due to oil; oil pollution was heaviest  in waters
fronting large cities, industrial zones, and areas of  greatest
vessel traffic.

[from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(1):#51.  1977]

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C-1022-77
U.S. HIT BY TANKER ACCIDENTS (news brief)
Gwynne, P.  1977.
New Scientist 73(1033):3.

Argo Merchant spill, Tankers, Environmental effects, Fisheries,
Spill cleanup, Liability
The Liberian oil tanker accidents of December, 1976, are reviewed
and the "Argo Merchant" spill is discussed.  New England fisheries
are expected to have an overall catch reduction in 1981 due to
fish tainting from toxins in the oil.  The lack of adequate
cleanup methods and tanker owner liability are discussed.
C-1023-77
THE MIZUSHIMA OIL SPILL - A TRAGEDY FOR JAPAN AND A LESSON FOR
CANADA
Nicol, C. W.  1976.
Environment Canada - Environmental Assessment Report EPS-8-EC-
76-2.  30p.
Oil spills, Fuel oil, Spill cleanup, Movement, Environmental
effects, Japan, *Inland Sea

The rupture of an oil tank and loss of Bunker C fuel oil in the
Mizushima refinery on the Inland Sea of Japan are described.
More than 200,00 persons have been employed in the cleanup,
assisted by over 38,000 vessels.  The movement of oil, environ-
mental effects,and cleanup operations are discussed.

[from Environmental Abstracts 7(2):#77-01065.  1977]


C-1024-77
SPILL CHOKES OFF CAPE SHELLFISHING  (news brief)
Palmer, H. V. R., Jr.  1977.
National Fisherman 58(2):4-A.

Oil spills, Fuel oil, Contamination, Fisheries, Massachusetts,
*Buzzards Bay, *Shellfish resources

About 310,000 1 (80,000 gals) of fuel oil were spilled in
Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, in December, 1976.  Cleanup
operations removed less than one tenth of the spilled oil and
much of it remained trapped in and under ice until spring.
Since February, 1977, many shellfish areas of Buzzards Bay  have
been ordered closed due to oil contamination.

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C-1025-77
BEWARE OF GREEKS BEARING OIL
Reiger, G.  1977.
Audubon 79(2):141-146.

Argo Merchant spill, Environmental effects, Tankers, *Liberian
flag of convenience

A history of the life of the "Argo Merchant" oil tanker is
given and the Liberian registered oil tanker disasters of 1976
are reviewed.  The environmental concerns due to these oil
spills are discussed in reference to the Liberian "flag of
convenience".
C-1026-77                                  !
JOINT ANGLO-SOVIET ACTION AGAINST OCEAN POLLUTION (news brief)
Rich V.  1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(2):29.

Environmental protection, Baltic Sea, UK, USSR, *Joint UK/USSR
commi ttee

The United Kingdom and the' USSR have formed a committee on
environmental protection to study the problem of oil pollution,
particularly in the Baltic Sea.   Floating and shore collectors
for dealing with oil polluted water are to be installed on
Soviet vessels and offshore installations in the Baltic and on
rivers discharging into the sea.
C-1027-77
FISHERMEN STAND TO GAIN IN LONG RUN (news brief)
Townes, B.  1977.
National Fisherman 57(11):3A, 28A, 30A-31A.

Argo Merchant spill, Tankers, Legislation, Fisheries, USCG,
New England

Foreign tanker accidents and tanker traffic are discussed in the
wake of the "Argo Merchant" spill.  The author feels that new
legislation and increased law enforcement by the U.S. Coast
Guard is necessary to decrease tanker accidents and protect
New England fisheries.

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C-1028-77
INDUSTRIAL POINT SOURCES OF PETROLEUM:  POLLUTION LOADS AND
ECONOMIC PARAMETERS
Tuffey, T. J., and P. Ginsberg.  1976.
Staff report, NSF-RA-760381; Grant NSF-AEN74-14810.

Wastewaters, Refineries, Industries, Sources, Contamination,
Economic effects, Information systems

The report comprises a data base which focuses on pollution
and economic parameters of refinery and other industrial
effluents.  Included are sections that provide refinery
petroleum load as determined by permit search and verification,
other refinery parameters calculated by EPA guidelines, non-
refinery petroleum load as determined,by permit search, and an
economic parameter of refinery residuals.

[from Government Reports Announcements 77(8):#PB-262 394/3GA.   1977]
C-1029-77
A REVIEW OF WORLD OIL SPILLAGES 1960-1975
Van Gelder-Ottway, S.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.).  New York,
John Wiley &Sons, 1976.  p. 483-520.  Institute of Petroleum/
Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.

Oil spills, Biological effects

Major spillages during 1960-1975, together with basic details of
these incidents and any subsequent biological effects, are
presented in a tabulated form.
C-1030-77
OIL SPILLS FROM TANKERS
Wardley-Smith, J.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.).  New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p. 473-481.  International Petroleum/
Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.
Oil spills, Sources, Tankers, Ships
The various ways by which spilled oil enters the marine
environment are reviewed and indicate that vessel accidents
of all kinds account for only 10% of the total amount of oil
in the marine environment.  Causes and sources other than the
localized vessel accidents must be identified in dealing with
oil pollution of large waterbodies.
                            8

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2.  MONITORING


    C-1031-77
    CURRENT MEASUREMENTS IN THE BEAUFORT SEA
    Aagaard, K., and D. Haugen.  1976.
    Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental  Shelf.
    Principal Investigator's Reports for the Year Ending March
    1976.  Vol. 11.  p.11-12.

    Monitoring,*0cean currents, OCS, Offshore development, Fate,
    Contaminants, Beaufort Sea,  Baseline studies

    Current measurements were made so as to describe and understand
    the circulation and dynamics of the outer shelf and  slope.  The
    circulation and exchange between the shelf and the deep Arctic
    Ocean are physical meachanisms which transport and  disperse
    pollutants and substances of biological and geological importance.

    [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7) :#77-03228.   1977]


    C-1032-77
    PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS OF THE SUBLITTORAL MACROFAUNA OF
    MILFORD HAVEN
    Addy, J. M.  1976.
    Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.).   New  York,
    John Wiley &Sons, 1976.  p. 91-130.  Institute of Petroleum/
    Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.
    Monitoring, Marine organisms, Benthos, Distribution, Sediments,
    UK, *Sublittoral macrofauna, *Milford Haven

    Twenty-four sample stations on a variety of substrates were
    sampled in May, 1974, in Milford Haven in order to identify
    communities within the Haven and the spatial and numerical
    distribution of these communities  in  relation to the sediment.
    Little' evidence has been found for the existence of  classical
    benthic "communities" in Milford Haven.  Data show a high
    degree of overlap in the distribution of different species.
    Proposals for a monitoring scheme for the study area are discussed.
    C-1033-77
    'BUTTON' SENSOR A NEW TOOL IN COMBATING MARINE POLLUTION (news
    brief)
    Anon.  1977.
    Sea Technology 18(2):34-35.
    Monitoring, Oil slicks, Pollution prevention, Ballast, Tankers,
    *0il-water interface
    A button-size sensor made of lead zirconate and lead titanate
    can determine within 0.1 mm the thickness of an oil layer on

-------
the surface of water and the exact point of the oil-water inter-
face.  One application of this device would be in the oil cargo
tanks of tankers to monitor ballast discharging.
 C-1034-77
 EXPERT CONSULTATION ON THE JOINT CO-ORDINATED PROJECT ON POLLUTION
 IN THE MEDITERRANEAN
 Anon.  1975.
 Paris, Unesco, 1975.  (U.S. distributor:  UNIPUB, New York.)  69p.
 Monitoring, Contaminants, Hydrocarbons, Coasts, Mediterranean
 Sea, Baseline studies, *Pollutant transport
 This project, jointly undertaken by the Intergovernmental
 Oceanographic Commission and World Meteorological Organization,
 developed the operational documents for two pilot projects:
 baseline studies and monitoring of oil and petroleum hydrocarbons,
 and coastal transport of pollutants.  Project objectives and
 plans for operation are discussed.
 [from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1):#77-00672.  1977]
C-1035-77
PU6ET SOUND SPILL STUDIES
Anon.  1977.
Petroleum Engineer International 49(5):16.
Monitoring, Sediments, Mollusks, Puget Sound, Environmental
effects, Oil spills, NOAA,  Baseline studies
A study of petroleum found in sediments and mussels in the
Strait of Juan de Fuca and northern Puget Sound is aimed at
determining existing conditions in order to assess any changes
that may be caused by possible future oil spills in the sound.
This area is expected to be a major receiving port for shipments
of Alaskan oil.  The study is being conducted by the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
C-1036-77
SHIPBOARD OIL-IN-WATER MONITORING (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Analytical Chemistry 49(3):314A.

Monitoring, Oil discharges, Bilges, Ballast, Ships

The U.S. Coast Guard and Navy are funding efforts at Baird-
Atomic, Inc., to develop a prototype oil-in-water monitor
suitable for monitoring shipboard bilge and ballast water.
The proposed device will test this water before being discharged
overboard, sound an alarm, and instigate corrective actions if
the oil level in the water exceeds present maximums.
                            10

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C-1037-77
BIOLOGICAL MONITORING - PRINCIPLES, METHODS AND DIFFICULTIES
Baker, 0. M.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.   J.  M.  Baker (ed.).   New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.  41-53.  Institute of Petroleum/
Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore,  Scotland, 1975.

Monitoring, Contaminants, Estuaries, Coasts, *Methods,  indicator
organisms

Presented are different approaches and methods of monitoring
estuarine and coastal areas which  include a discussion  of
different types of indicator organism, and a description  of
the shore transect technique used  in several monitoring programs.
An outline program for a typical estuary  is given.
C-1038-77
EFFECTS OF SEASONABILITY AND VARIABILITY OF STREAMFLOW ON
NEARSHORE COASTAL AREAS
Carlson, R. F.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental  Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March  1976.
Vol. 11.  p.23-73.

Monitoring, *Streamflow, Estuaries, Coasts, Offshore development,
Oil spills, Environmental effects, Alaska,  Baseline studies

Streamline variability, the effects of seasonal ice, as well as
sediment characteristics and ice jam flooding have considerable
impact on nearshore and estuarine areas.  Estuarine  and shorefast
areas of the Bering, Chukchi and Beaufort Seas are presently
being developed and leased as part of the OCS program.  Statistical
characterization and the methods used to measure the title
parameters in 41 streams are described.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03229.   1977]
C-1039-77
WATER POLLUTION MONITOR
Cirulis, U., and E. M. Zacharias, Jr.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,973,430

Monitoring, Hydrocarbons, Petroleum products, Ballast, Waste-
waters, Patent, *Sound velocity characteristics

A method of determining the concentration of oil, petroleum
products, and hydrocarbons in water using sound velocity
                            11

-------
characteristics is described.   This method can be  used to
measure  the concentration of  oil  contained in the  ballast
of tankers  and in the effluent from refineries.
[from  Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01722.
1977]
                              3,973,430
                       WATER POLLUTION MONITOR
               I'Id is Cirulis, Midland Park, and Ellis M. Zacharias, jr.,
                Ridgewood, both of NJ,, assignors to Process and Pollution
                Controls Company, Tulsa, Okla.
                Conlinualion-in-part of Ser. No. 383,405, July 27,1973, Pal.
                No. 3,892,127. This application Mar. 11, 1975, Ser. No.
                               557,393
                          Int. CI.'GOIN 29/02
               U.S. Cl. 73—61.1 R                   60 Claims
O1040-77
DISTRIBUTION OF LIGHT HYDROCARBONS, Ci-C4,  IN  THE NORTHEAST
GULF  OF  ALASKA AND THE SOUTHEASTERN BERING  SHELF
Cline, J.,  and R. Feely.   1976.
Environmental  Assessment  of the  Alaskan Continental  Shelf.
Principal  Investigators'  Reports for the Year  Ending March 1976.
Vol.  9.   p.443-550.

Monitoring,  Hydrocarbons,  Distribution, OCS, Offshore development,
Gulf  of  Alaska, Bering Sea, *Naturally-occurring hydrocarbons,
Baseline  studies

Data  are being collected  on spatial and temporal variations  of
the dissolved  hydrocarbon  fraction in order to establish
baseline levels of naturally-occurring hydrocarbons  in lease
areas prior  to oil exploration and production.  These components
have  proven  to be valuable indicators of petroleum input  arising
from  drilling, production,  and transport of crude oil and refined
products.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#77-03221.  1977]
                             12

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C-1041-77
OIL SPILL  CLEANUP OPERATIONS  MONITORED BY REMOTE  DEVICE
Cook, P. P.   1977.
Pollution  Engineering 9(5):44-45.

Monitoring,  Contamination,  Groundwater, Spill  cleanup, Design
and engineering

Described  is an oil layer thickness detector based upon
capacitance  measurements which  can be inserted into drill test
wells around a spill area to  monitor the amount of oil seepage
in an aquifer.  The data collected indicates the  effectiveness
or progress  of spill cleanup  operations.
C-1042-77
INSTALLATIONS FOR MONITORING OIL CONTENT
DeVial,  R.  M.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,965,920

Monitoring, Oil slicks, Ballast, Tankers, Design  and engineering,
Patent

Installations for monitoring the oil content  in a stream of
water and in a discharge  of water ballast from an oil tanker
are described.  A photo-electric alarm system based on incoming
fluorescent radiation is  presented.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(3):#W77-01195.  1977]
                            3,965,920
              INSTALLATIONS FOR MONITORING OIL CONTENT
             Raymond Michael deVial, Beckenham, England, assignor to
              Bailey Meters & Controls Ltd., Croydon, England
                    Filed Oct. 3, 1974, Ser. No. 511,748
              Claims priority, application United Kingdom, Oct. 3, 1973,
             46274/73
                     Int. Cl.» G05D 7/06. F16K 37/00
             VS. C\. 137—115                     4 Claims
                            13

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C- "1043-77
OFFSHORE~BIOLOGICAL MONITORING
Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.
Monitoring, Marine organisms, Offshore development, Baseline
studies, North  Sea, Celtic Sea





 the quantification  of data.
 C-i Q44-77
 UNDERWATER PIPELINES
 Ells,  J.  W., and A.  Roberts.   1976.
 U.S.  Patent 3,992,924
 Monitoring, Leakage, Pipelines, Detection, Patent, *Mobile
 receiver
 Leaks from  underwater  oil  pipelines are det^te^^^°"
 by a mobile receiver which moves  along a path parallel  to the
 pipeline and detects the ultrason c fluencies in  the 20 to  70
 kHz range that are generated by  liquid escaping from a leak.
 [from Petroleum Abstracts 17(11) :#231, 472.   1977]
                                 3,992,924
                           UNDERWATER PIPELINES
                 John William Ells, Bexleyheath, and Arthur Roberts, Ashford,
                  both of England, assignors to The British Petroleum Com-
                  pany Limited, London, England
                 Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 539,921, Jan. 19,1975, which
                 is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 420,003, Nov. 29, 1973,
                 abandoned. This application Dec. 1, 1975, Ser. No. 636,654
                              Int. Cl.z G01M 3124
                 V.S. Cl.  73-40.5 A                     4 Claims
                               14

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C-1045-77
THE EVALUATION OF AN OILSPILL TRACKING BUOY
Fingas, M.  1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(l):31-36.

Monitoring, Oil  slicks, Design and engineering,  *Spill  tracking
buoy

Results of preliminary laboratory evaluations and field testing
of the Orion Spill Tracking Buoy are discussed.   In a  simulated
spill situation  the buoy appeared to behave dynamically like  an
oil slick and stayed within the slick for a period of  several
hours.  Further testing and development are planned.
C-1046-77
TOWARD A GLOBAL MONITORING PROGRAM FOR TRANSURANICS AND OTHER
MARINE POLLUTANTS
Goldberg, E. D.  1976.
Environmental Toxicity of Aquatic Radionuclides:   Models and
Mechanisms.  M. W. Miller and J.  N.  Stannard (eds.).   Ann Arbor,
Michigan, Ann Arbor Science Publishers Inc., 1976.   p.  3-10.

Monitoring, Contaminants, Mollusks,  Crustaceans,  Cost analysis,
*Mussels, *Barnacles, *Global monitoring program

Four pollutants that threaten the marine environment have been
identified:  petroleum, radioactive  nuclides, heavy metals,  and
halogenated organic compounds.  A global monitoring program  based
on two sentinel organisms, mussels and barnacles, is  proposed and
detailed; costs of collection and analyses for 100 samples should
be under $300,000.

[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(7):#18266.  1977]


C-1047-77
GULF OF ALASKA STUDY OF MESOSCALE OCEANOGRAPHIC PROCESSES (GAS-
MOP)
Hayes, S. P., and J. D. Schumacher.   1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 11.  p. 75-106.

Monitoring, Oceans, Circulation patterns, OCS, Gulf of Alaska,
Offshore development, Environmental  effects

The objective of this research is to describe the mesoscale
oceanic circulation on the continental shelf, Gulf of Alaska,
in order to characterize the intermediate scale advective and
diffusive processes.  These processes are important to the
assessment of potential pollution problems due to OCS petroleum
development.  Data collected to date are discussed.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03230.  1977]
                          15

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 C-1048-77
 CLOSING  SUMMARY AND FINAL DISCUSSION ON MONITORING
 Holdgate,  M. M.  1975.
 Institute  of Petroleum/Field Studies Council Meeting on Marine
 Ecology  and Oil Pollution, Scotland, 1975.  p. 525-550.
 Monitoring, Oil discharges, Environmental protection, Oil
 industry.  Government agencies
 Oil  monitoring techniques and the effects of oil discharges on
 the  environment are reviewed.  The interaction of oil industry,
 government, and private environmental protection organizations
 in monitoring and eliminating oil pollution and its effects is
 examined.
 [from Environment Abstracts 6(12):I76-08014.  1976]


 C-1049-77
 A NOVEL  SUMMING LUMINESCENCE SPECTROMETER EMPLOYING POLYCHROMATORS
 AND  SPATIAL FILTERING
 Hornig,  A. W., and B. R. Chisholm.   1976.
 Proceedings of the Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation
 Engineers  82:97-102.

 Monitoring, Analytical techniques, Spectrometry, Detection,
 Bilges,  Ballast, Waste oil, *Summary luminescence spectrometry

 Luminescence methods are considered very advantageous for
 continuous oil-in-water monitoring because of their high
 sensitivity and relative immunity to particulate backgrounds.
 Summing  luminescence spectrophotometry is a solution to the
 problem  of detecting total oil content of shipboard bilge and
 ballast  water  because the method retains these advantages3
 has  a  short response time,and eliminates the mechanical scanning
 of emission wavelengths of different waste oil types.

 [from  Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#148674u.  1977]


 C-1050-77
 APPARATUS TO DETERMINE OIL IN WATER DRAINING FROM AN OFFSHORE
 DRILLING RIG
 Hubby, L. M.  1975.
 German Patent 2,340,807

 Monitoring, Offshore drilling, Design and engineering, Patent,
 *0il-in-water

 Water  is led through the deck into a vertical, longitudinal
 container that forms part of a U-tube.  The outlet leg, containing
 a liquid at a constant height, consists of an open vertical  pipe
 reaching to the bottom of the container and discharging through
 the wall  above sea level.  The inlet leg is the liquid in the
 container.   When a liquid of different density  such as oil  enters,
 its  level is higher than that in the outlet leg; a float operates
a pneumatic valve that sets off an alarm or shuts off the delivery
of liquid to the container.
                            16

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C-1051-77
RECORDING BIOELECTRIC ACTION POTENTIALS OF MARINE DECAPOD
CRUSTACEA BY REMOTE ELECTRODES:  A BIOASSAY PROCEDURE FOR
MONITORING HYDROCARBON POLLUTION
Idoniboye-Obu, B.  1977.
Environmental Pollution 12(3):159-166.
Monitoring, Hydrocarbons, Seawater, Crustaceans, *Motor
behavior
The motor behavior of mechanically unimpeded crustaceans was
used to determine lethal concentrations of hydrocarbons soluble
in water and to monitor water pollution by oil.  Bioelectric
action potentials were picked up by appropriate non-polarizing
electrodes in seawater and the level of animal activity was
found to be proportional to hydrocarbon concentrations.
C-1052-77
THE ADENYLATE ENERGY CHANGE AS AN ESTIMATE OF STRESS IN AN
ESTUARINE MOLLUSC
Ivanovici, A.  1976.
Australian Marine Science Bulletin No. 55:5-6.

Monitoring, Metabolism, Mollusks, Estuaries, Contamination,
Hydrocarbons, *Adenylate energy charge, *Environmental stress

The adenylate energy charge, which gives a measure of metabolic
energy stored in the adenylate pool of an organism, may provide
a reliable technique for measuring and monitoring the effects
of environmental changes on estuarine organisms.  Results are
given of experiments in which the estuarine snail, Pyrazus
ebenius, was exposed to various environmental conditions,
including transfer to sites with different levels of hydrocarbon
pollution in the Parramatta River, and the energy charge was
measured.

[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(3):#7Q3127.  1977]
C-1053-77
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETECTING TRACES OF OIL IN LIQUIDS OF
DIFFERENT SPECIFIC GRAVITY, ESPECIALLY WATER
Lambrich, K. H., H. W. Meyer, and G. Tiemann.  1976.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,520,014

Monitoring, Contaminants, Detection, *0il-in-water, Patent

Oil in water is detected by introducing a water sample through
an upright pipe at a rate sufficiently slow to allow oil to
                          17

-------
float to the surface.  Platinum electrodes placed a few
millimeters below the surface detect oil which interrupts
conductivity.  After measurements, the pipe is rinsed and a
new sample is introduced.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14) :#95626w.  1977]


C-1054-77
MONITORING OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS
Lee, R. F.  1976.
Manual of Methods in Aquatic Environmental Research.   Part 2 -
Guidelines for the Use of Biological Accumulators in  Marine
Pollution Monitoring.  J. E. Portmann (ed.).   Rome, Food and
Agricultural Organization of the United Nations,  1976.   p. 38-47.
(FAO Fisheries Technical Paper No. 150 )
Monitoring, Hydrocarbons, Marine organisms, Analytical  techniques,
Uptake, Metabolism

Analytical studies of the uptake, bioaccumulation, and metabolism of
petroleum hydrocarbons inmarine animals are reviewed. The relation of
these studies to the selection of marine organisms for monitoring
hydrocarbons is examined.  Based on present evidence, bivalves,
specifically clams, oysters and mussels, appear to be a group
of animals which are suitable for monitoring purposes.


C-1055-77
RARE EARTH ELEMENTS/NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS METHOD FOR
TRACING OILY WASTEWATER; A FEASIBILITY STUDY
McCown, D. L., W. Harrison, and W. Orvosh.  1976.
EOS 57(10):755.  Abstract.

Monitoring, Waste oil, Refineries, Sampling, Wastewaters

Oily wastewater tagged with dysprosium was traced from the
Indiana Harbor canal.  The transport and dispersion of this
simulated refinery waste is described and deficiencies in the
experimental design are discussed.  More frequent sampling and
the use of an existing water sampling system are suggested for
improving the study.
                           18

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C-1056-77
TRANSFER TO FISH OF PETROLEUM PARAFFINS AND ORGANIC SULFUR
COMPOUNDS
Ogata, M., Y. Miyake, S. Kira, K. Matsunaga, and M. Imanaka.
1977.
Water Research 11 (4)-.333-338.

Monitoring, Crude oil, Fish, Chemical analysis, Chromatography,
*Eels, *Bio-i ndi cators

Eels were maintained in a controlled laboratory environment in
water with crude oil.  Gas chromatography of eel flesh revealed
the presence of paraffins and sulfur compounds in which concen-
tration increased with rearing time.  Organic sulfur compounds
may be used as an indicator of oil pollution in fish.
C-1057-77
HEAVY METALS AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN THE NORTH, NORWEGIAN,
AND BALTIC SEAS [English summary]
Petrov, Yu. M., 0. B. Starinkova, and Z. N. Kurpyakova.   1976.
Okeanologiya (Moscow) 16(5):820-824.

Monitoring, Petroleum products, North Sea, Norwegian Sea,
Baltic Sea
The presence of petroleum products and heavy metals was  investi-
gated in 1972 and 1973 in the title areas. The Baltic Sea is
polluted mostly by petroleum products both on the surface and in
the water column.  An increase in petroleum pollution was noted
between 1972 and 1973.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#126921v.  1977]


C-1Q58-77
MANUAL OF METHODS IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH.  PART 2.
GUIDELINES FOR THE USE OF BIOLOGICAL ACCUMULATORS IN MARINE
POLLUTION MONITORING
Portmann, J. E.  1976.
Fisheries technical paper, FAO-FIRI/T150, NSF/IDOE-77-6.  12p.

Monitoring, Hydrocarbons, Mollusks, Uptake, Release, Metabolism,
Manuals

In an area affected by oil pollution, the tissues of certain
marine organisms may reflect the total concentration of petroleum
and the relative amounts of different hydrocarbons in the water.
Based on present evidence, bivalves, specifically clams, oysters
and mussels, appear to be a group of animals which are suitable
for monitoring petroleum hydrocarbons.  Part 2 of the report
deals with biological transfer and transformation processes such
as uptake and bioaccumulation, biogenic hydrocarbons, and
hydrocarbon metabolism.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(9):#PB-263-249/5GA.  1977]

                             19

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C-1059-77
NEAR SHORE ATMOSPHERIC MODIFICATION
Reynolds, R. M., and B. Walter.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Enging March  1976.
Vol. 12. p. 87-213.

Monitoring, *Wind conditions, Offshore development, Fate,
Contaminants, Coasts, Alaska,  Baseline studies

A thorough knowledge of coastal wind conditions is an important
consideration in offshore industrial development through its
effects on mean flow and the trajectory of surface contaminants.
The study is designed to define which processes are acting  to
modify coastal winds, how prevalent they are, and how far off
shore they act.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03242.   1977]


C-1060-77
MESOSCALE CURRENTS AND WATER MASSES IN THE GULF OF ALASKA
Royer, T. C.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March  1976.
Vol. 11.  p. 293-358.

Monitoring, *0cean currents, Fate, Contaminants, Offshore
development, Gulf of Alaska, Baseline studies

The study was aimed at defining the physical-chemical environment,
transport of pollutants, and the long-term monitoring of the
physical-chemical environment in the Gulf of Alaska.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7) :#W77-03236.  1977]
C-1061-77
MARINE CLIMATOLOGY OF THE GULF OF ALASKA AND THE BERING AND
BEAUFORT SEAS.  PART III.  CLIMATIC ATLASES
Searby, H. W., and W. A. Brower, Jr.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 11.    p. 770-786.

Monitoring, *Marine climatology, Offshore development, Environ-
mental effects, Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, Beaufort Sea,
Baseline studies

The study will provide three atlases to represent the total of
the Alaskan waters and each will be based on more than 20 years
of additional marine data.  Descriptive climatology and data
analyses of marine and atmospheric parameters are being conducted
                           20

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to determine if results have the necessary temporal and spatial
resolution to provide an assessment of risks involved in
operating energy-related structures in these waters.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03240.   1977]


C-1062-77
HYDROCARBONS:  NATURAL DISTRIBUTION AND DYNAMICS ON THE ALASKAN
OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF
Shaw, D. G.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Enging March
1976.  Vol. 10.  p. 193-366.

Monitoring, Hydrocarbons, Distribution, Fate, OCS, Alaska,
Baseline studies

The objective  of this project is to measure the kinds and
amounts of hydrocarbons in various components of the Alaskan
OCS environment and to study processes by which added hydro-
carbons are transported and degraded in this environment.  It
appears that hydrocarbon levels are as low as, or lower than
other areas of the ocean not subject to petroleum pollution.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03224.
1977]
C-1063-77
UPTAKE AND RELEASE OF PETROLEUM BY INTERTIDAL SEDIMENTS AT PORT
VALDEZ, ALASKA
Shaw, D. G., L. M. Cheek, and A. J. Paul.  1977.
Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 5(3) :429-436.
Monitoring, Crude oil, Sediments, Uptake, Release, Intertidal
zone, Alaska, *Port Valdez
The uptake and release of Prudhoe Bay crude oil by intertidal
sediments at Port Valdez, Alaska, were simulated in two
experiments.  Oil was spread on sediments daily at two
different rates for five days and hydrocarbon content of the
top centimeter of the sediments was monitored for 60 days from
the first oiling.  In both experiments oil was no longer
detectable on the 60th day.  Possible reasons for this loss of
petroleum by sediments are discussed.
                           21

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 C-1064-77
 PIPELINE LEAK DETECTORS
 Swiss,  M.   1976.
 Processing  22(12):27.
 Monitoring, Leakage, Pipelines, Oil transport, *Pipeline leak
 detectors
 Two  methods of detecting leaks in oil pipelines are described.
 A  leak  detector developed by the Royal Dutch Shell laboratories
 moves along the inside of the pipeline, propelled by pumping
 pressure, and detects and records the ultrasonic noise caused
 by escaping fluids.  The other instrument, developed by Westing-
 house,  provide indirect evidence of leakage by detecting changes
 in flow rate with extreme accuracy.

 [from Petroleum Abstracts 17(11):#231,294.  1977]


 C-1065-77
 DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW DETECTOR FOR OIL IN WATER
 Thyrum, P.  T.  1975.
 Interim report, NAPTC-PE-51.  17p.

 Monitoring, Fuel oil, Bilges, Detection, Ships, Design and
 engineering, *0il-in-water detector

 A  new shipboard detector was developed for the quantitative
 analysis of undissolved oil present in water over a 0-30 ppm
 concentration range.  Measurements were not influenced by common
 surfactants and could be performed by non-technical personnel.
 Read out could be obtained by visual color-intensity matching
 or by a reflectance meter.

 [from Government Reports Announcements77(10):#AD-A036 367/1GA.
 1977]


 C-1066-77
 MONITORING OF AQUATIC POLLUTION
 Tomczak, G.  1976.
 Second FAO/SIDA Training Course on Marine Pollution in Relation
 to Protection of Living Resources:  Methods for Detection,
 Measurement and Monitoring of Pollutants in the Aquatic
 Environment.  Rome, UN Food and Agriculture Organization, 1976.
 p. 92-109.

Monitoring, Contaminants, Pollution prevention, UN

Topics discussed are the concept of an integrated marine pollution
monitoring program, existing monitoring activities, pollutants,
and an outline for a UN monitoring program in  developing countries.
Categories of pollutants to be monitored include petroleum,
halogenated hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and transuranics.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(2):#77-01640.  1977]


                            22

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C-1067-77
DETERMINATION OF THE TOTAL CONTENT OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
IN REFINERY AND PETROCHEMICAL WASTES BY COLORIMETRIC METHODS
[English summary]
Urbanski, J.5 and A. Superson.   1976.
Chemia Analityczna (Warsaw) 21(4):955-961.

Monitoring, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Wastewaters, Refineries,
Chemical analysis, *Colorimetry

Total aromatic hydrocarbons in sewage were determined using a
color reaction with HCHO and H2S04; examples of the results are
presented.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(8):#470008z.   1977]


C-1068-77
APPARATUS FOR DETECTING OIL IMPURITIES IN WATER
Webb, M. G.  1976.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,606,746

Monitoring, Contaminants, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Detection,
Design and engineering, Patent, *0ptical  sensor

An apparatus is described which optically detects crude or fuel
oil in water and then sends a signal from the detection apparatus
to another location by radio or submarine transmitter.   Oil
contacts an oleophilic plate in the detector, and the resultant
change in light intensity is detected by a photoelectric cell
which converts the signal into an electric signal that is
broadcast.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#127068j.  1977]


C-1069-77
APPARATUS FOR DETECTING OIL SPREAD ON THE SURFACE OF WATER
Webb, M. G.  1976.
French Patent 2,302,522

Monitoring, Oil slicks, Design and engineering, Patent, *Light
sensor

A floating apparatus for detecting oil slicks is described
which consists of a submerged rotating disk, a light emitting
source, and a sensor which records changes in light intensity
due to the presence of floating oil.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(15):#232,319.  1977]
                            23

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    C-1070-77
    DISTRIBUTION OF TAR AND  OTHER  PARTICIPATE POLLUTANTS ALONG THE
    BEAUFORT SEA COAST
    Wong, C. S., D.  MacDonald,  and W.  J.  Cretney.  1976.
    Canada Department of the Environment, Beaufort Sea Project
    technical report, No.  13.   96p.
    Monitoring,  Tar, Sources, Distribution, Coasts, Beaufort Sea
    This report  summarizes the  data  gathering methods and results
    of a baseline survey of  the distribution and sources of particu-
    late pollutants, especially tar  and plastics in seawater, nearshore
    sediments and marine organisms of  the Beaufort Sea coast.  Tar
    and grease were rare and occurred  as  isolated objects.,  Plastics
    in the form  of styrofoam fragments, polyethylene sheets, and
    containers were common;  recommendations for their control are
    presented.
3.  REMOTE SENSING


    C-1071 -77
    No title given (news  brief)
    Anon.   1977.
    Chemical & Engineering  News  55(19):15.

    Remote sensing,  Oil slicks,  Detection, USGS, *Landsat imagery

    Oils slicks off  the U.S.  and other  coasts have been  detected on
    Landsat imagery  according to U.S. Geological Survey  research.
    The slicks are detectable because they remove the  "glitter"
    from the water surface, thus showing up darker than  surrounding
    water areas.   This imagery capability may be useful  in monitoring
    spills and guiding cleanup operations.


    C-1072-77
    OPERATIONS OF  AN ALASKAN  FACILITY FOR APPLICATIONS OF REMOTE-
    SENSING DATA TO OCS STUDIES
    Belon,  A.  E.   1976.
    Environmental  Assessment  of  the Alaskan Continental  Shelf.
    Principal  Investigators'  Reports for the Year Ending March  1976.
    Vol. 14  p. 409-456.

    Remote  sensing, OCS,  Offshore development,  Fate, Oil spills,
    Environmental  effects,  Contingency  planning, Alaska

    The  acquisition of remote sensing data, especially satellite
    data, has  proved to be  a  cost-effective method of  monitoring
                              24

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the environment on a comprehensive scale.  Demonstration projects
have shown that Landsat data can be used effectively for developing
models of suspended transport and therefore for preparing contin-
gency plans based on the movement of oil spills in Alaskan coastal
waters, planning navigation routes and offshore drilling structures
where sea-ice is prevalent, and assessing the potential physical
and biological impact of development on the coastal zone.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03277.  1977]
C-1073-77
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF WAVES ON REMOTE SENSING OF OIL POLLUTION
BY THE ACTIVE METHOD
Bogorodskiy, V. V., M. A. Kropotkin, and T. Yu. Sheveleva.   1976.
Oceanology 15(6):714-716.
Remote sensing, Contaminants, Baltic Sea, *Wind effects, *Wave
effects
The effect of waves on the remote sensing ability of a laser
oil pollution indicator is investigated using a special electrical
model in the Baltic Sea at wind velocities from 3 to 15 m/sec-1.
Relations were obtained between the dynamic time constant,  the
constrast in reflectivity of polluted and unpolluted water, and
wind velocity.
[from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(6):I1189.
1977J
C-l074-77
DEVELOPMENT AND FIELD TESTING OF A LIGHT AIRCRAFT OIL SURVEILLANCE
SYSTEM (LAOSS)
Burns, W., and M. J.  Herz.  1976.
Final report, NASA-CR-2739; CG-D-1-76.  28p.

Remote sensing, Oil slicks, Surveillance, Design and engineering
An experimental polarized light filtering system was designed
to provide a remote means of discriminating the presence of oil
on water surfaces.  Flight tests of the instrument were conducted
and are presented.  The results indicate the potential usefulness
of this airborne remote oil sensing system.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(3):#N76-33472/TGA.
1977]
                            25

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 C-1075-77
 PERFORMANCE  OF  COHERENT-ON-RECEIVE SYNTHETIC APERTURE SIDE
 LOOKING AIRBORNE  RADAR
 Fraser, D. E.,  and G. V. Morris.  1976.
 Final  report, GED-2213, USCG-D-109-76.  Contract F42600-75-A-
 1861.   165p.
 Remote sensing, Oil slicks, Detection, Oceans, Design and
 engineering
 The  Coast  Guard's oil slick detection system was modified to
 add  a  synthetic aperture mode.  Improvement in resolution
 by a factor  of  10 and imaging of the ocean surface and moving
 vessels were demonstrated.  Experimental oil slicks were
 detected by  the synthetic aperture radar at a range of 25 km
 under  18.5 km/hr  (10 kn) wind conditions and at 9 km under
 7.4  km/hr  (4 kn) wind.
 [from  Government  Reports Announcements 77(8):#AD-A035 032/2GA.
 1977]


 C-1076-77
 LIDAR  ENERGETICS  DURING REMOTE DETECTION OF OIL SLICKS ON THE
 SEA  [in Russian]
 Gurevich,  I.  la., and K. S. Shifrin.   1976.
 Akademiia  Nauk  SSSR, Izvestiia, Fizika Atmosferyi Okeana 12:
 863-867.

 Remote sensing, Oil slicks, Seawater, *Lidar energetics

 An estimate  is made of the energy entering the input of a lidar
 receiver system,  utilizing a C02 laser, during remote sounding
 of the sea.   "It  is found that the energy entering the input
 decreases with  an increase in wind speed from 2 to 15 m/s during
 nadir  ranging,  but sharply increases during ranging at an angle
 of 20  deg."  An example is examined which allows estimation of
 the  ranging  height from which an oil slick on the sea can be
 detected with a C02 lidar system.

 [from  International Aerospace Abstracts 17(4):#A77-14731.   1977]


 C-1077-77
 SATELLITE AND CURRENT DROGUE STUDIES OF OCEAN-DISPOSED WASTE
 DRIFT
 Klemas,  V.,  G. R. Davis, and R. D. Henry.  1977.
 Journal  Water Pollution Control Federation 49(5):757-763.

 Remote  sensing, Monitoring, Oil slicks, Movement, *Satellite-
 aircraft-drogue studies

 A  satellite-aircraft-drogue approach has been developed , which
 employs  remotely tracked expendable drogues and satellite and
 aircraft remote sensing techniques as a cost effective means
 of monitoring oil slick movement, current  circulation, and  ocean
waste dispersion.
                           26

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C-1078-77
A COST-EFFECTIVE SATELLITE-AIRCRAFT-DROGUE APPROACH FOR STUDYING
ESTUARINE CIRCULATION AND SHELF WASTE DISPERSION
Klemas, V., G. R. Davis, H. Wang, W. Whelan, and G. Tornatore.
1975.
Report no. CMS-NASA-5-75.  p. 751-760.

Remote sensing, Wastewaters, Estuaries, OCS, Dispersions,
*Current circulation

A cost-effective method of monitoring current circulation and
ocean waste dispersion along the continental shelf is discussed.
An integrated satellite-aircraft-drogue system remotely tracks
expendable drogues together with satellite observations of
waste plumes and natural tracers to provide a means of determining
currents in this area.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(9) :#W77-04492.   1977]
C-1079-77
REMOTE DETECTION OF OIL SPILLS ON THE OCEAN SURFACE USING A
LASER [English summary]
Kolenko, E. A., E. N. Zhmin'ko, G. L. Kravtsov, A. A. Besedin,
and L. N. Radaikina.  1975.
Morskie Gidrofizicheskie Issledovaniya No 3:233-238.

Remote sensing, Oil slicks, Detection, Oceans, *Lasers

The possibility of using a Ga As laser for the remote detection
of oil slicks on water is investigated.  The signals are well
defined, easily recordable, and the reflectivity of oil is
greater than that of pure seawater.  Reflectivity of oil films
of various thicknesses on calm and rough seas are compared.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#782412.  1977]


C-1080-77
USING LINEAR PROGRAMMING TO DESIGN OIL POLLUTION DETECTION
SCHEDULES
Olson, D. G., et al.  1976.
American Institute of Industrial Engineers Transactions and
Proceedings 8(3):350-357.

Remote sensing, Oil spills, Detection, Models, Pollution
prevention, Coasts, *Linear programming

A flight scheduling system is presented for infrared and ultra-
violet sensor equipped aircraft whose mission is the detection
and prevention of coastal and harbor oil spills.  The model  is
a form of the stochastic traveling salesman problem which  can
be solved using linear programming.  Input parameters  representing
probabilities of pollution incidents occurring for different geo-
graphical  sectors are required and the objective is to maximize
the expected number of pollution incidents detected per flight.

[from Environment Abstracts 7(3):#77-01831.  1977]
                           27

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4.  SAMPLING



    C-1081-77
    OIL SLICK SAMPLING APPARATUS AND METHOD
    Baier, R. E., and A.  Wright.  1976.
    U.S. Patent 3,988,932

    Sampling, Oil slicks, Surfactants, Design and engineering,
    Patent

    An oil slick sampling method and apparatus is described which
    consists of surrounding  a  part of the slick with a  large,
    floating, hoop-like  frame,  the inner surface of which  is  coated
    with a surfactant.   This coating spreads outward, thereby
    compressing the area of  the oil  slick towards a central region
    where suitable collecting  means  are located to sample  the
    slick for analysis.

    [from Petroleum Abstracts  17(9):#231,077.  1977]

                                  3,988,932
                    OIL SLICK SAMPLING APPARATUS AND METHOD
                   Robert E. Baier, Buffalo, and Alfred Wright, North Tona-
                    wanda, both  of N.Y., assignors to Calspan Corporation,
                    Buffalo, N.Y.
                          Filed May 16, I97S, Ser. No. 578,281
                               Int. Cl.2 COIN 1/00
                   V.S. Cl. 73—421 R                   4 Claims
    C-1082-77
    MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES  OF ALTANTIC OCEAN WATER AND  SEDIMENT
    FROM POTENTIAL OFF-SHORE DRILLING SITES
    Colwell, R. R., J.  D.  Walker, B.  F. Conrad, and P. A.  Seesman.
    1976.
    Developments in Industrial  Microbiology.  L. A. Underkofler (ed.)
    Washington, D.C., American Institute Biological Sciences, 1976.
    Vol. 17.  p. 269-282.  Proceedings of General Meeting of the
    Society for Industrial Microbiology, 32nd, 1975.

    Sampling, Microorganisms, Distribution, Seawater,  Sediments,
    Atlantic coast, Offshore drilling, Biological effects

    Populations of aerobic,  heterotrophic filamentous  fungi, yeasts
    and bacteria, as well  as oil-degraders and chitin-hydrolyzers,
                               28

-------
were isolated from water and sediment samples collected at
stations off the southeastern U.S. coast.  The microorganisms
were enumerated and examined with respect to their role in the
microbial ecology of seawater and sediment since this informa-
tion may prove useful in the future for determining effects of
offshore drilling on natural microbial populations.
C-1083-77
DETERMINATION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC CONTRIBUTION OF PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS TO THE OCEANS
Garrett, W, D., and V. M. Smagin.  1976.
United Nations Environment Programme,  WMO-440, SER-6.  37p.

Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Fate, Oceans

Knowledge concerning petroleum hydrocarbons in the marine
atmosphere and procedures by which their flux from air to
sea may be determined are reviewed.  This three phase study
included air sampling, sea surface sampling, and the collection
of precipitation and dry fallout.

[from Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports 15(9):#N77-18609.
1977]
C-1084-77
THE HYDROCARBON BURDEN IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT SURROUNDING
A REFINERY TANKER JETTY
Gump, B. H., H. S. Hertz, W. E. May, and S. N. Chesler.  1977.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health A12(3):105-113.
Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Refineries , Contamination, Sediments, Beaches

Water samples  taken  from the surface and at 10 m depth and
sediment samples taken from a nearby beach were found to have
no significant contamination.  However, bottom sediments had
a low level of contamination of benzo(a)pyrene.
C-1085-77
ASSESSMENT OF HYDROCARBON POLLUTANTS IN GULF AND ESTUARINE
ENVIRONMENTS
Lytle, T. F., and J. S. Lytle.  1976.
Journal of the Mississippi Academy of Science 21:128-147.

Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Sediments, OCS, Estuaries, Oil spills,
Toxicity, Mississippi, Alabama

Hydrocarbon samples from sediments of the Mississippi-Alabama
continental shelf indicate a  low level but distinct presence
of fossil fuels, in contrast  to sediments from offshore Florida
which show no evidence of oil pollution.  Effects of an oil spill
on an estuarine pond were determined experimentally.  The sediment
was found to act as a trap for the crude oil, and toxic effects  on  flora
and fauna were immediate and  intense but relatively short-lived.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(12):#231,635.  1977}
                           29

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C-1086-77
THE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION AROUND THE
AREA OF THE PETROLEUM FACTORY IN PLOCK [in Polish]
Siewniak, M.  1975.
Rozpravy Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Warszawie No.  53.   93p.

Sampling, Soil, Refineries, Petrochemicals, PAH, Health hazards,
*Agriculture, *Poland
Field investigations of air and soil pollution around a refinery-
petrochemical plant in Plock, Poland, were conducted with special
attention given to the possible effects on agriculture and
population.  Concentrations of 3,4 benzopyrene near the complex
were 15,000 ug/kg soil; at 5 km distance the levels fell to 200
yg/kg.  A safety zone in the vicinity of the plant is recommended
to reduce the hazards of agricultural contamination.
[from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(2):#259-  1977]
C-1087-77
PELAGIC TAR IN THE CARIBBEAN AND EQUATORIAL ATLANTIC, 1974
Sleeter, T. D., B. F. Morris, and J.  N.  Butler.   1976.
Deep-Sea Research and Oceanographic Abstracts 23(5):467-474.

Sampling, Tar, Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean
Pelagic tar was sampled at 61 stations in the Caribbean and 31
stations in the eastern north and equatorial Atlantic.   Tar
densities in the Caribbean (1.4 mg/m2) and Canary Current region
(2.0 mg/m^) were similar to previously recorded densities, but
in the equatorial Atlantic densities were significantly lower
(0.16 mg/m2) than others have found.   Although the Caribbean has
a lower standing stock of tar than the more slowly circulating
Sargasso Sea, comparable quantities of tar probably pass through
the former in unit time.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1) .-#77-00646.  1977]


C-1088-77
HYDROCARBON LEVELS IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT OF THE SOUTHERN
BEAUFORT SEA
Wong, C. S., W.  J. Cretney, R.  W. MacDonald, and P. Christensen.
1976.
Canada Department of the Environment, Beaufort Sea Project
technical report, No.  20.  113p.

Sampling, Hydrocarbons, Chemical analysis, Seawater, Fish,
Plankton, Sediments, Sources, Drilling, Natural seepage, Beaufort
Sea, *Biogenic hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbon baseline data include sea water, fish, plankton
and marine sediments.  Sampling techniques, shipboard sample
                           30

-------
    processing, and analytical  procedures are discussed.   Present
    levels of aromatic hydrocarbons, low-molecular weight hydrocarbons,
    nonpolar hydrocarbons, tar, and particulates are extremely low,
    their levels and compositions are representative of hydrocarbons
    formed by recent or present marine and terrestrial  biosynthesis,
    inland natural seeps, and onshore drilling.
5.   ANALYSIS


    C-1089-77
    MODEL RELATES CARCINOGENICITY TO STRUCTURE (news brief)
    Anon.  1977.
    Chemical and Engineering News 55(14):31.

    PAH, Carcinogens, Models, *Benzo[a]anthracene

    A model to better predict differences  in  the carcinogenicity '
    of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by their structures  is
    reported.  Diol epoxides are produced from polycyclic hydro-
    carbons through an enzymatic reaction. There is a good
    correlation between the calculated reactivity of the diol
    epoxide  derivatives and the relative carcinogenicity of the
    parent hydrocarbon for derivatives of benzo[a]anthracene.


    C-1090-77
    EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF REFINERY EFFLUENTS
    Baker, J. M.  1976.
    Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J.  M.  Baker (ed.). New  York,
    John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p. 247-254.   Institute of Petroleum/
    Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore,  Scotland, 1975.

    Wastewaters, Refineries, Analytical techniques, Monitoring,
    Toxicity
    The different types of experiment used for the investigation of
    refinery effluents are described with examples.  Techniques
    include the settlement plate and transplant experiments  useful
    for monitoring and the further study of effects observed during
    field surveys, and laboratory tests for the toxicity ranking of
    effluents.  It is difficult to arrange field experiments useful
    for making predictions about the ecological effects of new
    effluents in new communities; so monitoring is particularly
    important in these cases.
                              31

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 C-1091-77
 CHARACTERIZATION OF SEDIMENTS IN THE VICINITY OF OFFSHORE
 PETROLEUM  PRODUCTION
 Bean,  R. M., J. W. Blaylock, E. A. Sutton, R. E. Wildung, and
 F.  M.  Davidson.  1974.
 Symposium  on Chemistry of Marine Sediments,  p. 726-735.
 Preprint of the Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Inc., American
 Chemical Society 19(4).
 Sediments, Chemical analysis, Offshore production

 Summary not available.
 [from  On Effects of Oil Pollution in Arctic and Subarctic Waters.
 Seattle, Northwest Marine Fisheries Center.  September, 1976]
 C-1092-77
 MOLECULAR AND  ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION OF LIGHT HYDROCARBON GAS IN
 THE  MISSISSIPPI  DELTA REGION
 Bernard, B.  B.,  J. M. Brooks, and W. M. Sackett.  1976.
 American Chemical Society Southwest Regional Meeting, 32nd,
 Fort Worth,  Texas, 1976.  p. 38.  Abstract.
 Hydrocarbons,  Chemical analysis, Sampling, Refineries, Petro-
 chemicals, Sources, Gulf of Mexico, *Mississippi Delta
 High concentrations of dissolved light hydrocarbons from biogenic
 and  man-derived  inputs are present in Mississippi Delta waters.
 Petroleum refinery and petrochemical plant wastewaters contribute
 methane containing up to 10% light alkanes, whereas biogenic gases
 generated in the delta sediments are almost entirely methane and
 C02-  The isotopic composition of the methane from the two sources
 differs significantly. Analyses of samples from various sites in
 the  delta region indicate that man-derived alkanes comprise over
 80%  of the dissolved hydrocarbons in the river and this component
 is almost completely masked by biogenic methane in adjacent gulf
 waters.
C-1093-77
CASE STUDY:  CHEMICAL ANALYSES OF SEA AREA POLLUTED BY MINERAL
OIL
Carlberg, S. R.  1976.
Second FAO/SIDA Training Course on Marine Pollution in Relation
to Protection of Living Resources:  Methods for Detection,
Measurement and Monitoring of Pollutants in the Aquatic  Environ-
ment.  Rome, UN  Food and Agriculture Organization, 1976.   p.36-46.
Oil  slicks, Chemical analysis, Hydrocarbons, Sweden

Results are discussed of the sampling and analyses of a  field of
drifting oil detected in January, 1973, outside Varberg,  Sweden.
Samples revealed nonpolar hydrocarbon concentrations of  under
0.05 mg/1.
[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(2}:#77-01636.  1977]
                            32

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C-1094-77
HYDROCARBON STUDIES IN PUGET SOUND AND OFF THE WASHINGTON COAST.
REPORT OF PROGRESS, JUNE 1975 - FEBRUARY 1976
Carpenter, R., and A. W. Fairhill.  1976.
Report RLO-2225-T40-1, Contract AT(45-l)-2225-T40.   27p.

Hydrocarbons, Marine organisms, Sediments, Analytical  techniques,
Chromatography, Spectroscopy, Puget Sound, Washington

Determinations are being made of the types and amounts of
aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in organisms, sediments,
and waters of the title areas by applying techniques of gas
Chromatography, high pressure liquid Chromatography, UV
fluorescence spectroscopy, combined gas chromatography-mass
spectrometry, and 14C and 13C/12C determinations.  This progress
report summarizes the first eight months of research.

[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(2}:#3860.  1977]


C-1095-77
EXTRACTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF HYDROCARBONS DISSOLVED IN WATER
[English summary]
Chaigneau, M., and M. Chastagnier.  1976.
Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France Jan-Feb:40-44..

Hydrocarbons, Chemical analysis, Extraction, Solvents,
Chromatography, Spectrometry
Solvents effective in extracting hydrocarbons from polluted waters
were investigated and compared.  Carbon tetrachloride  was judged
to be superior since it extracted the greatest number  of pollutants.

[from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(2):#291.  1977]


C-1096-77
THE APPLICATION OF ON-LINE INSTRUMENTATION FOR THE CONTROL OF
WATER QUALITY IN THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
Condron, J. A., and T. J. Puzniak.  1975.
Analysis Instrumentation Vol. 13.  p. 83-86.  Instrument Society
of America Analysis Instrumentation Symposium, 21st Annual
Meeting, Pittsburgh, 1975.
Water quality, Pollution control, Oil industry, Wastewaters,
Analytical techniques, Sampling, *0n-line instrumentation

The on-line measurements of oil-in-water, pH, and total oxygen
demand have been applied to the analysis of waste water within
the petroleum industry.  Sampling procedures as well as data
interpretation play an important role in obtaining full utiliza-
tion of the analyzers capabilities.
                            33

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C-1097-77
DETERMINATION OF TRACES OF OIL IN VARIOUS PRODUCTS BY ADSORPTION
POLAROGRAPHY
Epimakhov, V. N., L. I. Kurysheva, and Yu. M.  Mishenov.   1976.
Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils 12(1-2):78-79.

Chemical analysis, Wastewaters, Detection, *0il traces,
*Adsorption polarography
Small quantities of oil in the order of 10"2 to 10"5% in
petroleums, feedstocks, end products, or wastewaters can be
determined by a newly developed adsorption polarography  technique.
Details of the analytical procedure and test results are presented
and discussed.                                     ^
[from The Engineering Index Monthly 15(2):#010383.  1977]


C-1098-77
THE USE OF GC/MS IN THE ANALYSIS OF UNUSUAL ENVIRONMENTAL  CHEMICALS
Finnigan, R. E., and J. B. Knight.  1976.
Identification and Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Water.
L. H. Keith (ed.) Michigan, Ann Arbor Science, 1976.  p. 185-204.
PAH, Crude oil, Chemical analysis, Chromatography, Spectrometry,
Carcinogens
An Alaskan crude oil sample was analyzed using high-resolution
capillary column gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine
if polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were present in  the
sample.  Benzo(a)pyrene and other known carcinogens were identified
by high speed quadrupole mass spectrometry.


C-1099-77
ALIPHATIC HEAVY HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION IN THE BENTHIC MACROEPI-
FAUNA OF THE SOUTH TEXAS OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF
Giam, C. S., H. S. Chan, and G. S. Neff.  1976.
American Chemical Society Southwest Regional Meeting, 32nd,
Fort Worth, Texas, 1976.  p. 38.  Abstract,

Hydrocarbons, Benthos, Chemical analysis, Distribution,  OCS,
Texas, Gulf of Mexico

A program of monitoring heavy hydrocarbon levels and their
distribution in the benthic macroepifauna of the title oil
exploration areas initially focused on the acquisition of
baseline data for the ji paraffins (^4-034).  Average concentrations
of these hydrocarbons were found to range from 0.06 ppm in shrimp
to 2.64 ppm in lizard fish.  The n paraffins were identified as
characteristically biogenic hydrocarbons.
                             34

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c-noo-77
A COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR HYDROCARBON ANALYSIS OF MARINE BIOTA
Gritz, R. L., and D. G. Shaw.  1977.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 17(4):
408-415.

Hydrocarbons, Chemical analysis, Mollusks, Marine organisms,
Chromatography, *Soxhlet extraction, *Saponification
The efficiency  of hydrocarbon isolation from clam tissues by
Soxhlet extraction was experimentally compared with direct
saponifi cation at 2 hour and 24 hour reaction times.  The
isolated hydrocarbons were fractionated and characterized by
column chromatography on fully active columns and on partially
deactivated columns.  Results presented indicate that 24 hour
saponification and partially deactivated column chromatography
constitute the best procedure tested.
C-1101-77
ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS OF WATER
Hamilton, C. E.  1976.
ASTM Standardization News 4(1):34-35,49.

Contaminants, Hydrocarbons, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Analytical
techniques, *Water pollutants

Available analytical methods for the evaluation of organic
pollutants in water, including hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons,
and phenols, are reviewed and compared for sensitivities.
Colorimetric methods, UV light absorption and emission,  infrared
analysis, solvent extraction, activated carbon adsorption, and
chromatographic methods are included.

[from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(2):#287.   1977]


C-1102-77
HYDROCARBON  STATUS IN FLORIDA REAL ESTATE CANALS
Hansen, W. G., G. Bitton, J. L.  Fox, and P. L. Brezonik.   1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(3):57-62.

Hydrocarbons, Sediments, Chemical analysis, Chromatography,
Petroleum products, Biodegradation, Bacteria, Coasts, Florida

Hydrocarbon levels in the sediments of real estate canals  on  the
east and west coast of Florida were determined using gas chromato-
graphy.  Results indicated that the canals on the Gulf of Mexico
are receiving an influx of petroleum products.  Hydrocarbon
degrading bacteria were more abundant than any other bacteria in
the sediments of the west coast canals.
                            35

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C-1103-77
CHARACTERIZATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF OIL SPILLS BY HIGH-SPEED
GEL PERMEATION CHROMATOGRAPHY USING AN ULTRAVIOLET ABSORPTION
DETECTOR
Higashi, K., and K. Hagihara.  1976.
Bunseki Kagaku 25(11):803-805.

Crude oil, Chemical analysis, Chromatography, Weathering
High-speed gel permeation Chromatography was used to determine
the molecular weight distribution of eight different kinds of
crude oil.  Chromatograms of weathered crude oils were similar
to unweathered oils.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#110793u.  1977]


C-l104-77
STUDY OF THE COMPOSITION OF GASOLINE-FRACTION HYDROCARBONS
IN WATERS BY CAPILLARY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY [English summaryJ
Hrivnak, J., and J. Hassler.  1976.
Vodni Hospodarstvi [Rada] B 26(7):193-195.

Hydrocarbons, Chemical analysis, Chromatography, Wastewaters,
*Gasoline fractions
Gasoline-fraction hydrocarbons present in wastewaters were first
extracted into a nitrogen stream and isolated by freezing the
vapors at -60°C.  The resulting isolates were then analyzed by
gas chromtography, with a detection sensitivity of 1 ppb.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):#95415b.  1977]


C-1105-77
GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN WATER [in
Russian]
Ipatov, P. F., E. D. Moskvitina, R. V. Pospelova, and G. I.
Rogozhkin.  1975.
Trudy, Vsesoyuznyi Nauchno-Issledovatel'skii Institut
Vodosnabzheniya, Kanalizatsii, Gidrotekhnicheskikh
Sooruzhenii i Inzhenernoi Gidrogeologii 48:13-14.

Petroleum.products, Analytical techniques, *Gravimetric
determination, Solvents, Extraction

"The petroleum products are extracted with a water-immiscible
solvent, and the solvent is evaporated  in a water-free  atmosphere.
The loss in weight of CHCL3, hexane, and ET20 extracts  of kerosene
during evaporation is given."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#126979v.  1977]
                            36

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C-1106-77
REMOVAL OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS IN ACTIVATED-SLUDGE PLANTS
[in German]
Kaspar, H., H. Leidner, and K. Wuhrmann.  1976.
Gas Und Wasserfach 117(9):400-405.

Hydrocarbons, Decomposition, Activated sludge, Chemical analysis,
Chromatography

The biochemical decomposition rate of petroleum hydrocarbons
was examined using samples of activated sludge containing an
emulsion of heating oil.  The rate of disappearance of hydro-
carbons of different chain length was estimated by gas-liquid
Chromatography.  It was concluded that the detention period in
a normal activated-sludge plant is inadequate for complete
breakdown of petroleum hydrocarbons absorbed on the sludge.

[from WRC Information 4(2):#77-70102S.  1977]
C-1107-77
IDENTIFICATION AND ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS IN WATER
Keith, L. H. (ed.).  1976.
Michigan, Ann Arbor Science, 1976.  718p.
Aromatic hydrocarbons, Carcinogens, Chemical analysis,
Contaminants, *0rganic pollutants

The identification and analysis of various organic pollutants
found in water are reported.  Aromatic hydrocarbons and carcinogens
are among the substances covered in this collection of papers.
C-1108-77
SOME CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SEA SEDIMENTS AS AN INDEX OF THEIR
CAPACITY FOR THE SELF-PURIFICATION REMOVAL OF PETROLEUM AND
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS [in Russian]
Kiryukhina, L. N., and M. I. Kucherenko.  1975.
Biologicheskoe Samoochishchenie Formirovanie Kachestva Vody,
Materialy Vsesoyuznogo Simpoziuma po Sanitarnoi Gidrobiologii
2nd, 1973.  M. M. Telitchenko (ed.) Moscow, USSR, "Nauka", 1975.
p. 24-26.
Sediments, Chemical analysis, Ports, Oceans, Petroleum products,
Contamination, USSR
Physical and chemical parameters were determined for sea sediments
from the port of Baku and nearby high seas.  An analysis of the
chemical-physical properties, and of chloroform-soluble organic
substances indicated contamination of the sediments by petroleum
and petroleum products.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(8):#46975a.  1977]
                            37

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C-1109-77
FINDINGS ON POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN WATER [in  German]
Kunte, H., and J. Borneff.  1976.
Zeitschrift fur Wasser und Abwasser Forschung 9(2):35-38.

PAH, Chemical analysis, Chromatography, Extraction,  *Fluorescence

Six fluorescing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)  can be
determined in water by extraction  from the water with cyclohexane
and, after a cleanup on deactivated aluminum oxide,  can be separated
by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography (TLC).   The substances
are identified by their fluorescence and quantification is accom-
plished directly from the TLC-plate with a scanner or after elution
of the substances.

[from Environment Abstracts 7(1):#77-00516.   1977]
c-mo-77
GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF HYDRO-
CARBONS IN WATER BY VAPOR PHASE EXTRACTION
Mackay, D., W. Y. Shiu, and A. W. Wolkoff.   1975.
American Society for Testing and Materials Special  Technical
Publication 573.  p. 251-258.
Hydrocarbons, Chemical analysis, Chromatography.  Design and
engineering, *Hydrocarbon measurements

A laboratory apparatus and method are described to  determine  low
dissolved hydrocarbon concentrations and the thermodynamic basis
for predicting the fraction of the hydrocarbon partitioning into
the vapor phase.  Reliable analyses are possible for alkanes
down to 10 ppb and for toluene, 75 ppb.
C-mi-77
CLASSIFICATION OF PETROLEUM POLLUTANTS BY LINEAR DISCRIMINANT
FUNCTION ANALYSIS OF INFRARED SPECTRAL PATTERNS
Mattson, J. S., C. S. Mattson, M. J. Spencer, and F. W.
Spencer.  1977.
Analytical Chemistry 49(3) :500-502.

Contaminants, Analytical techniques, Spectrometry, *Pollutant
classification, *Computer-spectrometer system

Digitized transmission infrared spectra of six classes of oils
were subjected to pattern classification using linear discriminant
function analysis.  "Several 'decision tree1 schemes were tested
to develop a high predictive capability ultimately resulting in
a 'recognition power1 of 97.5%.  The highest average probability
for class membership comes from the waste crankcase lubricants
(P=0.898) while the lowest average probability not unexpectedly
arises from the crude oils (P=0.838)."
                            38

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C-1112-77
ON THE DETERMINATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS AND NAPHTHENIC ACIDS
DISSOLVED IN SEA WATER                       '
Mazmanidi, N. D., G. I. Kovaleva, and N. A. Zobova.  1976.
Oceanology 15(3):308-311.

Petroleum products, Detection, Seawater, Analytical techniques,
*Naphthenic acids

Methodological problems of detecting petroleum products dissolved
in seawater are described.  Extraction with chloroform and
measurement with UV spectrophotometry appears to-be an effective
combination.  The parameters governing the solubility of petroleum
products, particularly naphthenic acids, are discussed.

[from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(4):#794.  1977]
C-1113-77
ON THE APPLICATION OF RADIOISOTOPE X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS
FOR THE SOLUTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND INDUSTRIAL PROBLEMS
Meier, H., and E. Unger.  1976.
Journal of Radioanalytical Chemistry 32(2):413-445.

Waste oils, Analytical techniques, Petrochemicals, Industries,
*X-ray fluorescence
Equations were given from which methods applicable to environmental
analysis and industrial processes could be derived.  Methods were
suggested which could be useful in analyzing air particles and
polluted water.  The low mass absorption coefficients of oils
qualify them for analysis by this process (engine oils, lubricating
oils, fuel oils).
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(8):#W77-03612.  1977]
C-1114-77
GRAPHICAL METHODS FOR DETERMINING THE CONCENTRATION OF TWO
COMPONENTS  [English summary]
Mosescu, N., and G. Kalmutchi.  1976.
Revista de  Chimie (Bucharest) 27(9):789-790.
Hydrocarbons, Wastewaters, *Spectral absorption characteristics,
*Hydrocarbon concentration
A method for determining the concentration of two different
hydrocarbons or other compounds in wastewater is described.  The
method consists of solving a system of 2 equations with 2 unknowns
using spectral absorption data of the compounds present.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(80):#150118j.  1977]
                            39

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c-ms-77
OPTIMAL OIL TANKER SIZE WITH REGARD TO ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF
OIL SPILLS
Sarin, R. K.  1976.
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 3(3):226-235.

Models, Tankers, Oil spills, Environmental  effects,  Economics,
*0ptimal tanker size

A model was developed for assessing the tradeoff between  small
but frequent spills associated with many small  tankers, and
relatively less frequent but larger and more concentrated spills
associated with smaller fleets of large tankers.   A  procedure  is
suggested which incorporates the environmental  impacts of oil
spills in the model without quantifying them in monetary  units.
Numerical results relating to optimal  tanker size are presented.

[from The Engineering Index Monthly 15(3):#020764.   1977]


cfme-77
ORGANIC SUBSTANCES IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF THE DDR.  I.  RESULTS
OF ELIMINATION ANALYSIS
Schlungbaum, and G. V. Vobach.  1976.
Limnologica 10(2):437-451.

Contaminants, Analytical techniques, Hydrocarbons, Coasts, East
Germany, *Spectrophotometry, *Colorimetry

Spectrophotometric and colorimetric procedures  were  used  to
measure the presence of organic pollutants  in coastal waters of
East Germany.  Hydrocarbons were found to be among these  substances.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#1109702.  1977]


C-1117-77
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN LAKE WATERS AND  ASSOCIATED
SEDIMENTS:  ANALYTICAL DETERMINATION BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-
MASS SPECTROMETRY
Strosher, M. T., and G. W. Hodgson.  1975.
American Society for Testing and Materials, STP. 573.  p.  259-270.

PAH, Lakes, Sediments, Analytical techniques, Chromatography,
Spectrometry

Summary not available.

[from University of Calgary Environmental Sciences Centre Log of
1975 Reports and Publications.  No.75-4.  1976]
                             40

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C-1118-77
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS FROM EFFLUENTS:  DETECTION IN MARINE
ENVIRONMENT
Tanacredi, J. T.  1977.
Journal Water Pollution Control Federation 49(2):216-227.

Wastewaters, Detection, Hydrocarbons, Crankcase oil, Chemical
analysis, Marine organisms, New York

Weekly samples from four wastewater treatment facilities
discharging into Jamaica Bay, New York, were analyzed for the
presence of waste crankcase petroleum products.  Gas chromato-
graphy and two novel ultra-violet fluorescence spectroscopy
techniques were used in the analyses.  Heavy hydrocarbon
pollution attributable largely to automotive wastes was detected
in the bay's surface waters and in tissues of the benthic
organism, Mya arenaria.


C-1119-77
CHARACTERISTICS OF WORLD'S CRUDE OILS AND RESULTS OF API
RESEARCH PROJECT 60
Thompson, C. J., C. C. Ward, and J. S. Ball.   1976.
ERDA report, BERC/RI-76/8.  32p.

Crude oil, Chemical analysis, Source identification, API

This report contains information about the Energy Research and
Development Administration (ERDA) method for routine crude oil
analysis and its application to representative crudes throughout
the world.  Presented are compositional data on Ponca City,
Oklahoma crude oil - an oil studied extensively by API Research
Project 6 - and a summary of the present knowledge of sulfur-,
nitrogen-,oxygen-, and metal-containing materials in petroleum.
[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(1):#155.   1977]

C-1120-77
CONTINUOUS FLOW APPARATUS FOR USE IN PETROLEUM BIOASSAY
Vanderhorst, J. R., C. I. Gibson, L. J. Moore, and P. Wilkinson.
1977.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 17(5):
557-584.

Hydrocarbons, Dispersions, Design and engineering, *Petroleum
bioassay, Continuous flow system

The purpose of the study was to develop a system capable of
producing stable concentrations of dispersed petroleum hydro-
carbons in seawater so that long-term bioassay experiments
could be carried out under uniform conditions.  Such a system is
described herein along with test results using No. 2 fuel oil.
A discussion of problems encountered and possible applications
of the system to crude oils is included.
                           41

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    C-1121-77
    SYNCHRONOUS FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY  AND ITS  APPLICATION TO
    INDIGENOUS AND PETROLEUM-DERIVED HYDROCARBONS  IN  LACUSTRINE
    SEDIMENTS
    Wakeham, S. G.  1977.
    Environmental Science  and Technology  11(3) -.272-276.
    Aromatic hydrocarbons, Analytical  techniques,  Chromatography,
    Spectroscopy, Sediments, Lakes,  *Fluorescence
    By separating the aromatic hydrocarbon fractions  using liquid-
    solid column chromatography prior to  fluorescence analysis,
    greater information on the aromatic content of the oils  is
    obtained.  The synchronous method is  compared  with conventional
    fluorescence spectroscopy and is used  to  characterize the indige-
    nous and petroleum derived aromatic hydrocarbons  in sediments of
    Lake Washington.
    C-1122-77
    ANALYSIS OF OIL SPILL TRENDS
    Young, G. K., D. Evans, and R.  U.  Jettmar.   1976.
    Final report, Contract EQ6AC014.   50p.
    Spill cleanup, U.S., Statistical  analysis,  USCG,  EPA,  Information
    systems
    National trends of  oil spills  and their cleanup  have  been  derived
    from an analysis of 1972 through  1975 data  compiled in the  U.S.
    Coast Guard Pollution Incident  Reporting System (PIRS) and  the
    Spill Prevention,  Control  and Countermeasure (SPCC) file of the
    Environmental Protection Agency.

    [from Government Reports Announcements  77(5):#PB-260 917/OGA.   1977]
6.  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION  ,


    C-1123-77
    CHARACTERIZATION OF AUSTRALIAN CRUDES AND CONDENSATES BY GAS
    CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS.   COMMENTS
    Adlard,  E.  R.   1976.
    Environmental  Science and  Technology 10(3):284.

    Source identification, Crude oil, Hydrocarbons,  Chemical
    analysis, Chromatography

    A technique useful  in identifying oil pollution  sources was
    developed,  based on the measurement of the non-weathered and
    nonvoltile  C]2-20 hydrocarbons present in crude  oil.  These fractions
    are  analyzed and quantified by gas chromatography.  Four examples of
    pollutant source identification in Australian waters are discussed.
    [from Chemical  Abstracts 86(12):#75550p.   1977]
                                 42

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C-1124-77
IDENTIFYING OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT BY INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
Brown, C. W.  1975.
Preprints of Papers Presented at National Meeting, Division of
Environmental Chemistry, American Chemical Society 15(1):191-193.
Source identification, Oil spills, Chemical analysis, Spectroscopy,
Seawater
The unique IR fingerprints of over 300 different oils were digitized
and stored in computer files for possible comparison in case of
future unidentified oil spillages.  Spectral changes in the signa-
tures of weathered oils have been correlated, and IR spectroscopy
has been used to determine the relative amounts and types  of
hydrocarbons present in seawater.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#75568a.  1977]
C-1125-77
TOTAL LUMINESCENCE CONTOUR SPECTRA OF SIX TOPPED CRUDE OILS
Chisholm, B. R., H. 6. Eldering, L. P. Giering, and A. W.  Hornig.
1976.
Contract PO-BE-76-P-1221.  48p.

Source identification, Crude oil, Analytical techniques,
*Luminescence contour spectra
"The results of a preliminary study of six topped crude oils by
total luminescence are presented.  Included are six contour
spectra, six principal excitation/emission spectra, an interpreta-
tion of the contours by comparison with other data, a discussion
of the method and recommendations for further related studies.
These data are used in oil spill identification."
[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(9):#21645.  1977]
C-1126-77
ON THE ORIGIN OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN THE
AQUEOUS ENVIRONMENT
Hase, A., and R. A. Hites.  1976.
Identification and Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Water
L. H. Keith, (ed.).  Michigan, Ann Arbor Science, 1976.  p. 205-214.

Source identification, PAH, Sources, Chemical analysis, Chromato-
graphy, Spectrometry, Sediments, *Aquatic environment

Different sources of PAH in the aqueous environment, including
sediments, were investigated and analyzed using high-resolution
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.  Results indicated the main
source of PAH to be anthropogenic, airborne, and combustion produced.
                              43

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C-1127-77
IDENTIFICATION OF CRUDE OILS BY LUMINESCENCE TECHNIQUES
John, P. and I. Soutar.  1976.
Proceedings of the Analytical Division of the Chemical  Society
(London) 13(10):309-310.
Source identification, Crude oil, Chemical  analysis,  *Fluorometry

Synchronous excitation fluorometry was used to rapidly  characterize
crude oils and was found to be especially useful in identifying
the source of oil pollution.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#108919w. 1977]


C-1128-77
MULTIVARIATE STATISTICAL APPROACH TO THE FINGERPRINTING OF OILS
BY INFRARED SPECTROMETRY
Mattson, J. S., C. S. Mattson, M. J. Spencer, and S.  A. Storks.
1977.
Analytical Chemistry 49(2):297-302.
Source identification, Statistical analysis, Analytical techniques,
Spectrometry
"The need to attach a statistically significant number, describing
the extent of match or mismatch of infrared spectra of  oil samples,
is satisfied using a multivariate normal probability density
function.  The requirements of normality and independence are
examined, and two methods of baseline placement are considered.
Example results are presented for a test population of  10 lubri-
cating oils, 22 waste lubes, 30 No. 2, 30 diesel, 12 No. 4, 10
No. 5, 28 No. 6 fuels, and 62 crude oils."
C-1129-77
SOURCES OF TAR POLLUTION ON ISRAELI MEDITERRANEAN COAST
Shekel, Y., and R. Ravid.  1977.
Environmental Science and Technology 11(5):502-505.

Source identification, Tar balls, Analysis,  Chromatography,
Sampling, Crude oil, Weathering, Israel, Mediterranean Sea

All/2 year tar ball sampling program was conducted along
Israel's Mediterranean coast to determine the types and sources
of oil pollution.  Chromatographic analysis  indicated that 76%
of the tar balls were formed from crude oil  and crude oil sludge,
18% from weathered fuel oil, and 4% from greatly weathered oil.
Vanadium-nickel ratios and sulfur content studies established
that 96% of the tar balls from crude oils were from Middle
Eastern sources.  Of this 96%, 46% were weathered about 2 weeks,
41% over 2 months, and 13% were probably weathered 1-2 years.
                            44

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C-1130-77
CRUDE OIL SPILLS RESEARCH.  AN INVESTIGATION AND EVALUATION OF
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
Wilson, C. A., E. P. Ferrero, and H. J. Coleman.  1975.
Report BM-RI-8024.
Source identification, Oil spills, Crude oil, Analytical
techniques, Chromatography, Spectroscopy, Spectrometry,  *U.S.
Bureau of Mines
The article describes the program of the U.S. Bureau of  Mines  to
investigate and evaluate analytical techniques for the simple,
rapid and reliable identification of crude oil spills.  Analytical
techniques studied include:  gas-liquid Chromatography,  atomic
adsorption spectrophotometry, infrared spectroscopy, sulfur and
nitrogen determinations, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic
resonance spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectrophotometry.
[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(7):#15793.  1977]
C-1131-77
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN THE ENVIRONMENT:  HOMOLOGOUS
SERIES IN SOILS AND RECENT MARINE SEDIMENTS
Youngblood, W. W., and M. Blumer.  1975.
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta  :1303-1314.

Source identification, PAH, Hydrocarbons, Sediments, Soils,
Crude oil, Petroleum products
Soils, marsh sediments, subtidal sediments, ancient sedimentary
rocks, crude oil  and petroleum products, and wood tar were
sampled and analyzed by mass spectrometry for their polycylic
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) assemblages.  Molecular weight
distribution patterns of PAH fractions in crude oils, refined
oils, oil shales  and ancient sediments were found to be similar.
Likewise, soils and recent sediments were found to contain a
distinct series of alkylated PAH homologs of similar molecular
weight distribution.  It is suggested that the hydrocarbons of
recent sediments  are formed in natural fires and are atmospheri-
cally dispersed and deposited.
                            45

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B.  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION  AND CONTROL

    1.  CONTAINMENT
        C-1132-77
        CONTAINMENT BOOM
        Casey, G. J.   1976.
        U.S. Patent 3,973,406
        Spill containment, Booms,  Design and engineering, Patent

        An elongated curtain-like  partition barrier is described that  is
        supported in a  vertical  position in the water by outrigger-type
        flotation units and  is  flexible enough to encircle an oil spill
        or oil tanker.  The  boom is  impervious and can be folded accordion
        fashion for compact  storage  and transport.

        [from Selected  Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01721.   1977]

                                   3,973,406
                              CONTAINMENT BOOM
                    Gerald J. Casey, 1819 Curtis St., Berkeley, Calif. 94702
                           Filed Dec. 26, 1974, Ser. No. 536,348
                                Int. Cl.2 E02B 3100
                    U.S. Cl. 61-1 F                    9 Claims
        C-1133-77
        ANTI-POLLUTION  BARRIER AT THE SURFACE OF THE WATER
        (Granges Essem Plast   A/S).   1976.
        French Patent 2,301,638'
        Spill containment, Booms, Design and engineering, Patent
        A submersible floating barrier for the containment  of oil  spills
        and floating debris  is described.   The barrier  is equipped with
        floats which support a removable,  flexible membrane in such a
        way that it can move upward and downward in the water column.
        [from Petroleum Abstracts 17(15):#232,313.  1977]
                                     46

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C-1134-77
ON THE USE OF AIR-BUBBLE SCREENS AS OIL BARRIERS
Kobus, H. E.  1975.
Fundamental Tools to be Used in Environmental Problems.  Interna-
tional Association for Hydraulic Research, 16th Congress,
University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, 1975.  Vol. 3 - Subject C.  Hydro.
Aspects in Environmental and Ecological Enhancement,  p.356-363.

Spill containment, *Air bubble screens

From experiments of the flow field induced by an air-bubble screen,
the resulting surface current can be predicted as a function of water
depth, and air can be predicted as a function of water depth  and
air discharge, both in a standing water body and in a cross current.
This information about flow fields leads to a design procedure for
pneumatic oil barriers.

[from MRIS Abstracts 14:#14139883.  1977]


C-1135-77
TANKERS COULD CARRY OWN OIL BOOMS (news brief)
Lucander, N.  1977.
Western Fisheries 94(1):52-53.
Spill containment, Tankers, Booms, Design and engineering

It is the author's opinion that all tankers should be fitted  with
their own oil spill booms stored around the gunwhale with a
length twice as  long as the perimeter of the ship.  Any leaking
oil from the holds would be contained in the area and readily
recovered with existing recovery equipment.  The "Lucan"  Bottom
Tension Oil Spill Control Boom features are outlined.


C-1136-77
FENDING DEVICE FOR OIL CONTAINMENT BOOM
Nielsen, E. C.   1977.
U.S. Patent 4,000,532
Spill containment, Booms, Design and engineering, Patent, *Fending
device
"A barrier is breasted away from a vessel and other structures
by a floating, open structure with vertical fenders extending
above and below  the water line.  The device is composed of an
open planar fending structure of high strength/weight ratio."

[from Petroleum  Abstracts 17(18):#233,093.  1977]
                             47

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C-1137-77
PETRO TRAP  (product  information)
PENCO Division, Hudson  Engineering Company,  n.d.
PENCO Division, Hudson  Engineering Company, 1114 Clinton  St.,
Hoboken, NJ 07030.
Spill containment, Spill  recovery, Absorption, *Sorbent pads

Petro Traps are sorbent pads made of oleophilic polymeric foam
enclosed in watertight  (hydrophobic) spunbonded polypropylene
jackets.  Each pad weighs about 454 g (1 Ib) and absorbs about 15 1
(nearly 4 gal) of oil.   The pads can be connected to  form
containment booms or stacked to form barriers.
C-1138-77
BARRIER FOR WATER  CARRIED POLLUTANTS
Preus, P.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,998,060

Spill containment,  Booms, Design and engineering, Absorption,
Hydrocarbons, Patent

The barrier consists of  a series of end-to-end connectable  boom
sections made of an oleophilic-hydrophobic composition which
selectively absorbs hydrocarbons.   The apparatus has  fluid
impervious connectors  for the ends of the boom sections  and
flexible draft members.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(16):#232,470.  1977]
                           3,998,060
              BARRIER FOR WATER CARRIED POLLUTANTS
            Paul Preus, Smith Road, Toms River, N.J. 08753
                  Filed Apr. 14, 1976, Scr. No. 676,794
                    Int. Cl.2 F,02B 15/04; B63B 35/00
            U.S. Cl. 61-1 f                    6 Claims
                            48

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 C-1139-7.7
 BARRIER FOR FIGHTING THE POLLUTION OF WATER BY  HYDROCARBONS
(Rhine & Rhone,  SA.)  1976
 French Patent 2,289,682

 Spill containment, Booms, Adsorption, Hydrocarbons, Design and
 engineering, Patent
 An adsorption and containment  boom is described which is made of
 a fixed mesh weave that permits  the passage of  water but retains
 hydrocarbons by adsorption.  A ballasted skirt  keeps the barrier
 perpendicular to the flow of the water.
 [from Petroleum Abstracts 17(12}:#231,634.  1977]
 C-1140-77
 OIL BOOM AND  METHOD OF .SKIMMING FLOATING OIL  FROM THE SURFACE OF
 A BODY OF WATER
 Veld, C.  1976.
 U.S. Patent 3,979,291

 Spill cleanup,  Booms, Skimmers, Oil slicks, Design and engineering,
 Patent

 An oil boom assembly for collecting oil from  the surface of a
 body of water is described.   The unit consists  of parallel rows
 of vertical,  buoyant barrier  screen members connected by flexible
 means and rigidly braced to hold the members  upright in the water.
 The progressive length of the rows permits flow of surface water
 around the shorter barriers and towards the skimmer.

 [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01759.  1977]
                              3,979,291
                OIL BOOM AND METHOD OF SKIMMING FLOATING
                OIL FROM THE SURFACE OF A BODY OF WATER
               Cornells  in 'I Veld, Vlaardingen, Netherlands, assignor to
                National Marine Service, Inc., St. Louis, Mo.
               Continuation of Ser. No. 422,603, Dec. 6, 1973, abandoned.
                   This application May 30, 1975, Ser. No. 582,271
                Claims priority, application Netherlands, Dec. 7, 1972,
               7216633
                           Int. CI.J E02B IS/04
               U.S.CI. 210-84                     13 Claims
                                49

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2.  CLEANUP AND RECOVERY
    C-1141-77
    No title given (product information)
    Anon.   1977.
    Chemical and Engineering News  55(14):20.

    Spill  recovery,  Adsorption,  Design  and  engineering,  *Ferromagnetic
    foam
    The Florida Sea  Grant Program  and Gulf-Tampa  Drydocks  have
    developed a prototype oil  spill  recovery  boat equipped with
    pontoons that funnel  oil between the  hulls where  it  is absorbed
    by a layer of ferromagnetic  foam.   The  maximum recovery  rate  is
    expected to be about  16,800  1/km/hr (2400 gal/knot).
    C-1142-77
    ARCTIC SUBSEA BLOWOUT BURNING FEASIBILITY  STUDY  MADE  IN  CANADA
    (news brief)
    Anon.  1977.
    Sea Technology 18(3):38.

    Oil wells, *Blowouts, Spill  disposal,  Incineration,  Ice,  Arctic,
    Canada

    Oil or gas well  blow-outs in the  Arctic environment  are  being
    studied by Arctec Canada, Ltd.; burning of the  oil  or gas in-situ
    appears to be the most efficient  technique of  disposal.   A
    feasibility study for igniting oil  on  Arctic ice is  in progress
    and recommendations will  be  based on reliability of  ignition,
    cost, ease of deployment, and toxicity.
    C-1143-77
    ASIATIC PETROLEUM BUYS SECOND OIL SKIMMER (news  brief)
    Anon.   1977.
    Sea Technology 13(5):37.
    Spill  cleanup, Spill  recovery, Skimmers,  *Strait of Malacca

    A second SPILTROL harbor oil  skimmer has  recently been  purchased
    and will be utilized  for oil  spill  cleanup in the Strait of Malacca;
    the first one  is  standing by  in Singapore.   The  skimmer vessel
    recovers oil at speeds of 3 km/hr (1.6 knots), sweeping a path
    about  6 m (20  feet) wide.   Oil is funneled through a baffle
    arrangement in the hull  and from there is pumped into onboard
    tanks  with a capacity of 28 barrels.
                                 50

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C-1144-77
INLAND AND OFFSHORE
Anon.  1976.
Marine Engineering/Log 81(11) :104,106,1066,106F.106H.

Spill recovery, Design and engineering

A new Class 1 oil spill recovery vessel built by Marine
Construction and Design Co. attained speeds of 37 km/hr (20 kn)
in responding to an oil spill.   It is fitted with a portable
1900 1 (500 gal) storage tank for recovered oil, off-loading
pumps, fire hoses, trash handling equipment, and space to carry
floating booms to contain or divert oil spills in small bays and
around industrial sites.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(2):#77-01884.  1977]


C-1145-77
A MOP FOR OIL OR PREVENTER OF SPILLS? (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Massachusetts Audubon 16(6):9.

Spill cleanup, Pollution prevention, Safety, Regulations, USCG
The role of the U.S. Coast Guard in the cleanup and prevention of
oil spills is discussed and current safety standards as required
by the 1972 Ports and Waterways Safety Act are reviewed.


C-1146-77
A NEW MODEL CLEANUP SWEEP OIL SKIMMER FOR USE IN RECOVERING
SPILLED OIL (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Chemical & Engineering News 55(17):21.

Spill recovery, Skimmers, *Clean Sweep oil skimmer

The new model Clean Sweep oil skimmer  developed by Lockheed is
designed with a hollow center enclosing a container filled with
closed-cell foam  to assure buoyancy.  This modification makes it
possible to recover spilled oil in 1.5 m (5 ft) seas and 1.6 km/hr
(1 knot) currents.
                            51

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C-1147-77
NORWEGIANS TAKE STEPS IN PREPARATION FOR POSSIBLE NORTH SEA
DISASTERS, SPILLS
Anon.  1977.
Offshore 38(5):303-306.
Spill cleanup, Environmental protection, Offshore development,
Safety, Economics, North Sea, Norway
Environmental and safety risks of developing North Sea oil fields
are discussed, and the possible economic consequences of a large
blowout are weighed against the value of the offshore oil.
Norwegian requirements for mechanical spill cleanup and recovery
equipment to be used in the North Sea are outlined; such equipment
should be able to function in 2-3 m waves, wind speeds of 10-11/sec,
and currents of 2.7 km/hr (1.5 knots).
 C-1148-77
 OIL SKIMMING SYSTEM (product information)
 Anon.  1977.
 Chemical Engineering 84(11):!22.

 Spill recovery, Waste oil, Fuels, Oil-water separation, Skimmers,
 Design and engineering

 A floating skimmer system has been designed for removing oils,
 fuels, and oily wastes from water surfaces.  The device is
 adjustably ballasted, and an inner tank that retains the skimmed
 oil permits cleaning of the oil while it is floated on brine.
 The brine pushes the oil up to a fixed level inlet through which
 it is pumped to a storage facility.
C-1149-77
OIL SPILL CLEARANCE COMBINE (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(4):77.
Spill cleanup, Booms, Skimmers, *Vikoma International
Vikoma International Ltd. has been established by BP and Vickers
Ltd. to market oil spill clearance equipment including the Vikoma
Seapack boom system, the Vikoma Seaskimmer and Komara miniskimmer.
The Vikoma systems are currently available in six continents for
emergency use in spill situations and have been successfully used
in several major accidents.
                             52

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C-1150-77
OIL SPILL DISPERSANT FOR MARINE POLLUTION
Anon.  1974.
South African Bureau of Standards - Bulletin 4(4):68-72.

Dispersants, Spill cleanup, Toxicity, Marine organisms, South
Afri ca

Specifications for an oil spill dispersant for use in cleaning
up crude and fuel oil spills on water and beaches are given by
the South African Bureau of Standards.  Requirements of dispersion
efficiency, toxicity to marine life, consistency, and corrosive-
ness are described and the compatibility of the dispersant with
other dispersants is discussed.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(3):#W77-01387.  1977],


C-1151-77
A REMEDY FOR OIL SPILLS
Anon.  1977.
Compressed Air 82(2):15-18.

Spill cleanup, Skimmers, Design and engineering, *Dynamic
Inclined Plane skimmer

The Dynamic Inclined Plane skimmer (DIP) developed by JBF
Scientific Corporation is described.  The DIP is able to skim
oil and floating debris.  The process involves collecting oil
by forcing it down under the water surface and along an inclined
plane into a collection well where the oil forms a deep oil
pocket suitable for pumping to a storage facility.

[from Pollution Abstracts 8(3):#77-02547.  1977]


C-1152-77
THE WORLD'S MOST POWERFUL TUG
Anon.  1976.
Marine Engineers Review p.45-46.

*Salvage tug, Pollution control, Spill cleanup, Design and
engineering, South Africa

The new salvage tug "S.A. Wolraad Woltemade" was designed by
Robb Caledon Shipbuilders and  is owned by the South African Marine
Corporation.  Its role includes pollution control operations at
sea, fire fighting, salvage, rescue, and long range ocean towage.
The design of the tug and the equipment on board are described.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1):#77-00901. 1977]
                            53

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C-1153-77
WOLRAAD WOLTEMADE:  SALVAGE TUG
Anon.  1976.
Ship & Boat International 29(7-8):23-26.
*Salvage tug, Pollution control, Spill cleanup, Design and
engineering, South Africa
The single-screw, long-range salvage tug is considered the
largest, fastest, and most powerful salvage tug yet built.
It can maintain four divers with underwater welding equipment
and can tow over any distance.   The vessel  has fire-fighting
equipment and oil pollution cleanup agents.  The tug was built
by Robb Caledon Shipbuilders, Scotland, and is owned by the
South African Marine Corporation.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1):#77-00874.   1977]
C-1154-77
ZERO-RELATIVE-VELOCITY OIL SKIMMER (product information)
Anon.  1977.
Petroleum Engineer International 49(3):11-12,14.

Skimmers, Spill recovery, Absorption, Design and engineering

A 12 m (40 ft) prototype oil skimming vessel uses twin sorbent
belts to recover up to 2272 1/m (600 gpm) of spilled oil in 11
to 14 km/hr (6 to 8 knot) currents.  Developed by Shell Develop-
ment Co., the device utilizes the principle that if no appreciable
velocity exists between an oil layer and the removal device, no
major turbulence results and entrained oil droplets will not
form.  Dimension and performance specifications are given and oil
recovery rates are discussed.
C-1155-77
SYSTEM FOR RECOVERING PETROLEUM FLUIDS FROM UNDERWATER FISSURES
ARCADIA REFINING COMPANY.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,981,154
Spill recovery, Design and engineering, Patent, Underwater
fissures

A method for recovering fluids lighter than water escaping from
an underwater fissure is described.  Escaping fluid rises
through an open-bottomed tank positioned vertically above the
fissure and displaces the water previously in the tank.  The
tank  is anchored to maintain a fixed position as the buoyancy
of the recovered fluid is gained.
[from Underwater Information Bulletin 9(2):#77/04/24.  1977]
                           54

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C-1156-77
OIL SPILL  CLEANUP SYSTEM
Ayers, R.  R.   1976.
U.S. Patent 3,966,614

Spill recovery, Design and engineering, Patent

An apparatus  for removing oil  from the surface  of a body of
water consists of a support  balance, a compartment and baffles
to allow entry of the oily water into chambers, and a wave
conformable articulating bottom.

[from Official Gazette of the  United States Patent and Trademark
Office 947(5):2251.  1976]

                            3,966,614
                     OIL SPILL CLEANUP SYSTEM
            Ray R. Ayers, Houston, Tex., assignor lo She!) Oil Company,
              Houston, Tex.
             Continuation of Ser. No. 292,028, Sept. 25,1972, abandoned,
             which is * continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 225,987, Feb. 14,
             1972, abandoned. This application July 29, 1974, Ser. No.
                            492,556
                        Int. Cl.1 E02B 15104
             U.S. Cl. 210—242 R                  14 Claims
C-1157-77
GELATION  OF OIL SLICKS BY AMINE CARBAMATES AS AN  ADJUNCT TO
U.S. NAVY OIL SPILL RECOVERY  OPERATIONS
Bannister, W. W.  1977.
Final  report, Contract N00014-76-C-0340.  79p.
Spill  recovery, Oil slicks, Pollution prevention,  USN,  *Gelation,
*Amine carbamates
Solutions of Amine D in ethyl  and benzyl alcohol,  when  sprayed
on oil  slicks to a concentration of 10% and then  treated with
C02 to form the carbamate, provide excellent gelation of the oil.
Tests  were performed on gel strengths and on effects of film
thickness, temperature, and salinity for various  fuels.  A
field  test indicated this system is very advantageous in oil
slick  recovery.  The toxicity of the Amine D is of a very low
order,  comparable to that of  the oil slick itself.
[from  Government Reports Announcements 77(9):#AD-A035 702/OGA.
1977]
                            55

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C-1158-77
FLOATING APPARATUS FOR TREATING THE UPPER LAYER OF A LIQUID MASS
(B. J. Consultant Sari).  1976.
French Patent 2,306,123.
Spill cleanup, Skimmers, Design and engineering, Patent

A floating apparatus for cleaning up oil spills is described.
The apparatus has a vertically adjustable intake and a large
central tank with horizontal baffles that divide it into
superposed decantation chambers.  The stern end of the tank
has outflow pipes for purified water, and suction pumps remove
the oil and send it to storage tanks located laterally from
the main tank.
[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(15):#232,317.  1977]


C-1159-77
DETERGENT COMPOSITION FOR DISPERSING OIL SPILLS
Blanchard, P. M., and D. G. Meeks.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,998,733
Spill cleanup, Emulsions, Surfactants, Dispersants, Patent

The detergent composition is sprayed onto the oil to form an
oil-water emulsion.  The emulsion is diluted in the water and
the spilled material is dispersed as very fine droplets.  This
reduces its effect on the marine environment and assists its
biodegradation.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(16):#232,469.  1977]


C-1160-77
HARMLESS DISPOSAL OF MINERAL OIL
Boelsing, F.  1976.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,520,999-

Spill disposal, Soil, Biodegradation, Microorganisms, Patent

Alkaline earth oxides are combined with oil spilled on land to
form a loose powder that can be biodegraded by soil microorganisms.
Thus, a field contaminated by a crude oil spill was treated with
lime, and after several months the field was successfully used
to grow potatoes.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#126802g. 1977]
                            56

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C-1161-77
PORTABLE PUMPS FOR OIL TRANSFER CLEANSING AND SPILLAGE RECOVERY
Burton, J. D.  1975.
Pumps Pompes Pumpen No,111:1015-1018.

Oil transfer, Spill recovery, *Portable pumps

The various duties and requirements for small to medium size
portable pumps used for cleanup in oil transfer and oil spill
recovery are discussed.

[from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(4):#885.
1977J
C-1162-77
THE SEPARATION OF OIL FROM WATER FOR NORTH SEA OIL OPERATIONS
Central Unit on Environmental Pollution (England).  1976.
London, Her Majesty's Stationery Office, 1976.  v + 29p.
(Pollution Paper No. 6)

Offshore development, Oil-water separation, North Sea

Summary not available.

[from Environmental Conservation 4(1):80.   1977]


C-1163-77
HOW BRITAIN HANDLES OIL SPILLS (news brief)
Cormack, D.  1977.
Petroleum Engineer International 49(5):14-15.

Spill cleanup, Dispersants, Toxicity, England

The use of oil spill dispersants in Britain is briefly discussed.
The Warren Spring Laboratory dispersant spraying equipment was
developed to effectively disperse oil throughout the water column
and prevent contamination.  Results of experiments on dispersant
treated oil slicks show that concentrations of dispersed oil in
the water column are low and of short duration in comparison
with levels and times required to bring about toxic effects in
the laboratory.
C-1164-77
ACCIDENTAL OIL POLLUTION OF THE SEA:  A REPORT BY OFFICIALS
ON OIL SPILLS AND CLEANUP MEASURES
Department of Environmental Pollution, UK.  1976.
London, Her Majesty's Stationery Office,  1976.   169p.
(Pollution Paper No. 8)

Spill cleanup, Oceans

Summary not available.

[from Applied Ecology Abstracts 3(2):*3D1766.  1977]
                           57

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C-1165-77
A CONTROLLABLE SORBENT  BROADCASTER
Der, J. J.  1976.
U.S. Patent Application AD-D003 269/8.

Spill recovery, Absorption, Design and engineering,  Patent,
*Sorbent broadcaster

An apparatus is described which can effectively broadcast oil
absorbent material  over an oil  slick at a controlled rate.   The
device consists of  a  rotating cylinder of wire mesh  connected
to an endless belt  with compartments that are filled with the
sorbentmaterials. The material  is uniformly distributed from
the endless belt into the rotating wire mesh cylinder,  from
which it is broadcast over the  drop area.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(7):#PAT-APPL-716 916/GA.
1977]
C-1166-77
FLOATING SKIMMER FOR  CLEANING THE SURFACE OF A BODY  OF LIQUID,
METHOD AND APPARATUS
Gore, D. J.   1976.
U.S. Patent  3,970,556

Spill recovery,  Skimmers, Contaminants, Design and  engineering,
Patent
A manually controlled  skimmer for cleaning and removing contami-
nants from the water surface is described and the operation of
the movable  weir is  discussed in reference to the surface
tension of the water.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(3):#W77-01228.  1977]
                            3,970,556
              FLOATING SKIMMER FOR CLEANING THE SURFACE
              OF A BODY OF LIQUID, METHOD AND APPARATUS
             Douglas John Gore, 5168 Brookside Lane, Concord, Calif.
              94521
                    Filed Sept. 23, 1974, Ser. No. 508,446
                     Int. Cl.1 B01D 21100; E02B 15/04
             U.S. Cl. 210-83                    20 Claims
                            58

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C-1167-77
MOVING BELT-TYPE OIL SKIMMER WITH PROPULSION INDUCED FLOW,
METHOD AND APPARATUS
Grimes, E. L.,  and D. W. Lerch.  1976.
U.S. Patent  3,992,292

Spill recovery, Skimmers, Design and  engineering, Patent

"An oil spill  recovery method and apparatus  employs a low-resis-
tance flow-through endless belt of  reticular oleophilic hydro-
phobic material.  Water with oil is force-flowed through the
belt through induction effected by  propulsion means operating
at a position  immediately behind and  beneath the submerged active
portion of the  belt."

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(9):#231,087.   1977]

                           3,992,292
                MOVING BELT-TYPE OIL SKIMMKR WITH
               PROPULSION INDUCED FLOW, METHOD AND
                          APPARATUS
            Eldon L. Grimes, and David W. Lerch, both of Seattle, Wash.,
             assignors to Marine Construction & Design Co., Seattle,
             Wash.
                   Filed Oct. IS, 1974, Ser. No. 514,814
                    Int. Cl.2 B01D 15/06; E02B 15104
            U.S. Cl. 210—30 A                   9 Claims
C-1168-77
OIL SPILL  CLEANUP USING A COTTON  SORBENT
Halligan,J.  E., A. A. Ball, and G.  F.  Meenaghan.  1976.
Final  report, USCG-D-63-76; Contract DOT-CG-42557-A.  144p.

Spill  cleanup, Absorption, Disposal, *Cotton sorbent

A sorbent  dispersal, retrieval, and disposal system was
developed, using cotton wastes, to  combat oil pollution.   It  is
concluded  from the test program that the use of cotton as  an  oil
spill  cleanup agent is viable and that the system was able to
retrieve about 95% of the oil confronted for water velocities
of 0.6 m/sec (2 ft/sec) or less and dispersion ratios of 22.7 +  g
(0.05  + Ibs) of cotton per 454 g  (1  1b) of oil.

[from  Government Reports Announcements 7X8):AD-A034-955/5GA.
1977]
                             59

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OELA-III SMISS  OIL SKIMMER (product information)
Industrial  &  Municipal Engineering  Co.   n.d.      ,
Industrial  &  Municipal Engineering  Co., P.O. Box 61,  Galva, 1L
61434.
Spill  recovery, Skinuners, Design and engineering,  *Oela-III
skimmer
The  Kaiser OELA-III is a compact oil skimmer unit  for Protected
waters  which can operate in  less than 40 cm water depths.  The
unit recovers light as well  as viscous oils.
 C-1170-77
 APPARATUS FOR SPILLING  RETRIEVAL
 Kirk, W. P., and D. VI.  Reynolds.  1976.
 U.S.  Patent 3,966,613
 Spill recovery, Design  and engineering,  Patent
 A catamaran equipped with a pump, retrieval  sheets, forage tank,
 and jib crane for  recovering oil slicks  or spillings from tankers
 is described and vessel operation on  the open sea is discussed.
 [from Selected Water  Resources  Abstacts  10(3):#W77-01202.   1977]
                             3,966,613
                  APPARATUS FOR SPILLING RETRIEVAL
             William P. Kirk, 22 Glenhaven Circle, Saco, Maine 04072, and
               Dwight W. Reynolds, R.F.D. 1, Box 49, Pownal, Maine
               04069
                    Filed Jan. 22, 1975, Ser. No. 543,170
                         int. CM E02B 15104
             V.S. Cl. 210-242                     7 Claims
                               60

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C-1171-77
OIL ABSORBENT  MATERIAL AND METHOD OF OIL  REMOVAL
Langlois, R. E.  and C. R. Morrison.  1977.
U.S. Patent  4,006,079

Spill recovery*  Absorption, Patent, *Glass  fiber  blankets

Oil spills are absorbed and removed with elongated,  floating
blankets of  nonwoven, discontinuous glass fibers.   The blankets
absorb more  than 30 times their  weight in  oil  and  are coated with
a high-strength  binder and a hydrophobic-oleophilic silicone
material to  increase absorption.   The oil-soaked blankets are
strong enough  to be pulled lengthwise off the water surface.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#127067h.   1977]
               4,006,079
  OIL ABSORBENT MATERIAL AND METHOD OF OIL
               REMOVAL
 Roland E. Langlois, and Charles R. Morrison, both of Newark,
  Ohio, assignors to Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation,
  Toledo, Ohio
       Filed May 16, 1975, Ser. No. 578,239
            Int. Cl.1 C02B 9/02
 U.S. Cl. 210—36                     I Claim
C-1172-77
HYDRODYNAMIC  PROBLEMS IN OIL-SPILL CONTROL AND  REMOVAL
Leibovich,  S.   1977.
Journal of  Petroleum Technology  March:311-324.

Spill containment,  Spill cleanup, Models, Booms,  Skimmers,
*Hydrodynamic problems

Fluid mechanics problems associated with oil  spill  containment and
cleanup are mathematically analyzed to provide  background informa-
tion useful in the  evaluation of spill control  techniques and
equipment.  Three specific problems discussed are:   the vertical
dispersion  of oil in turbulent water, the marked  steepening of
waves inside  oil  containment booms, and thickness variations of
oil on waves.   Mathematical models which describe the function
of modular  weir skimmers, rotating-disk skimmers, and endless
oleophilic  belt skimmers are presented.
                              61

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C-1173-77
OIL ON CANADIAN COASTLINES
Logan, W. J.  1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(1):11-12.
Environmental effects, Spill cleanup, Coasts, Restoration,  Canada

Several regional and detailed coastline  studies undertaken  by the
Canada Environmental Protection Service  are announced.   The major
study is entitled, "Coastal Environments of Canada:   the Impacts
and Cleanup of Oil Spills."  This report divides the Canada
coastline into 34 coastal environments for each of which possible
oil spill impacts are assessed and spill response, cleanup, and
restoration methods are outlined.
C-1174-77
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING LIQUIDS FLOATING ON THE
SURFACE OF ANOTHER LIQUID
Makaya, S.  1976.
French Patent 2,310,448

Spill cleanup, Skimmers, Oil-water separation, Patent
A process for collecting a liquid floating on the surface of
another liquid is described.  The floating material  such as
spilled oil enters the tank where it is separated into a layer;
the lower liquid layer, water, is then pumped out of the tank.'

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(22):#233,870.  1977]


C-1175-77
PARTICLES FOR, AND METHOD OF, REDUCING OIL POLLUTION ON WATER
Marconi, W., N. Oddo, and L. Degen.   1977.
British Patent 1,461,577

Biodegradation, Oil slicks, Spill cleanup, Microorganisms,
Patent, *Nutrient particles

A method for enhancing the microbial degradation of oil slicks
is described, wherein nutrients such as ammonium salts, nitrates,
and phosphates are contained in or adsorbed onto inert floating
particles.  The particles consist of paraffin and are dispersed
over the floating pollutant.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(11)-.#231,309.  1977]
                           62

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C-l176-77
OIl-AND FAT-ABSORBING POLYMERS
Marsh, H. E., Jr.  1976.
U.S.  Patent Application 674,700

Spill recovery, Absorption, Patent, *Absorbent polymers

"Lightly-crosslinked, solvent extracted, urethane polymers and
natural rubbers were prepared which had oil-absorbing capabili-
ties  > 900% and which showed potential in the control of oil
spills in waterways."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):91064p.  1977]


C-1177-77
PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF NOVEL PRODUCTS AND THEIR USE IN
CONTROLLING POLLUTION BY OILY PRODUCTS
Martineau, J., and F. J. Biechler.  1977.
Canadian Patent 1,003,341

Spill recovery, Absorption, Skimmers, Patent, *Absorbent powder

A method of controlling oil pollution of water is described
which involves contacting floating oil with a powdered substance
so as to form a paste which is removed by skimming.   The powder
consists of a chromium complex chemically anchored to particles
of a metallic aluminosilicate.  The preparation of this powder
is detailed.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(15):#232,332.   1977]


C-1178-77
THE HYDROVAC OIL-SPILL RECOVERY VESSEL
McDermott, P.  1976.
Ship & Boat International 29(2):29-30.

Spill recovery, Oil-water separation, Design and engineering

The oil salvage barge features continuous onboard separation  of
the salvaged oil-water mix, with the excess water being pumped
overboard sheen-free.  Two pumps have a total 200 tons/hour
suction capacity with equivalent oil delivery capacity.  System
control is automatic, giving an hourly processing capacity of
100 tons of water-free oil when recovering a continuous 5 mm
thick oil layer.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1):#77-00638.  1977]
                          63

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C-1179-77
RIGGING  SYSTEM FOR AN ENDLESS OIL MOP
McLellan C.   1976.
U.S. Patent  3,990,975

Spill  recovery,  Design and engineering, Patent,  *0il  mop
rigging  system

The  rigging  system allows an endless oil mop  rope driven through
a motorized  wringer mechanism to make multiple  oil  collecting
passes over  and through an oil spill or oil slick from the deck
of a vessel.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(9) :#231,083.   1977]

                               3,990,975
                   RIGGING SYSTEM FOR AN ENDLESS OIL MOP
                Charles McLellan, Slidell, La., assignor lo Oil Mop Inc., Belle
                 Chasse, La.
                       Filed Aug. 4, 1975, Ser. No. 601,934
                            Int. CI.2 E02B IS/04
                U.S. CI. 210—242 AS                 3 Claims
C-1180-77
PROCESS AND  APPARATUS FOR REMOVING A LIGHT  SUBSTANCE FLOATING ON
THE SURFACE  OF A LIQUID, AND IN PARTICULAR  PETROLEUM FLOATING ON
THE SURFACE  OF WATER
Middelbeek,  C.  G.   1976.
French Patent  2,306,306

Spill recovery, Design and engineering,  Patent, *Guided jet

"This apparatus for removing and collecting oil spilled on the
surface of water consists of a guided element attached at its
top to a guide and through which a fluid jet is projected.
The guided element extends downward into the water and guides
the jet just above the pollutant layer.   The pollutant is then
recovered."

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(15):#232,318.   1977]
                           64

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C-1181-77
STUDIES  OF THE REMOVAL OF OILY SOIL BY ROLLING-UP IN DETERGENCY.
PT. 2.   ON BINARY SOIL SYSTEMS CONSISTING OF OLEIC ACID AND  LIQUID
PARAFFIN
Ogino, K., and K. Shigemura.  1976.
Bulletin of the Chemical Society  of Japan 49(11):3236-3238.
Soil, Contamination,  *0il removal,  *Detergents

The rolling-up mechanism of oily  soil  from the  surface of a
polypropylene (PP)  sheet in an aqueous solution  of sodium
dodecylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) was  studied by observing the
contact  angle (e).  The time required to remove  the oily soil
from the PP sheet by  rolling-up became shorter .with the increase
in the liquid paraffin content of the mixture.   The oily soil
with binary components was more easily removed  from the substrate
than a single-component oily soil.
[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(17) :#232,876.  1977]


C-1182-77
OIL OR ORGANIC SOLVENT-ABSORBENT
Omori, A., I. Okamura, T. Imoto,  and T. Katoh.   1976.
U.S. Patent 3,966,597
Spill cleanup, Waste  oil, Absorption, Rivers, Seawater, Patent
An oil or organic solvent-absorbent is described for absorbing
or removing oils from the sea or  rivers and for removing waste
oils discharged from  industrial effluents.
[from Selected Water  Resources Abstracts 10(3):#W77-01200.   1977]

                            3,966,597
                 OIL  OR ORGANIC SOLVENT-ABSORBENT
             Aklra Omori; Isao Okamura; Tadasi Imoto, all of Sagamihara,
              and Takayuki Katoh, Tokyo, all of Japan, assignors to Teljin
              Limited, Osalin, Japan
              Continuatlon-ln-part of Scr. No. 360,534, May 15, 1973,
               abandoned,  which Is a continualfon-fn-part of Ser. No.
             136,511, April 22,1971, abandoned. This application Dec. 5,
                        1974, Ser. No. 529,907
              Claims priority, application Japan, July 28,1970,45-65893
                Int. Cl.1 B01D 15102; B29D 27/00,- B32B 31114
             U.S. Cl. 210—39                     27 Claims
                             65

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C-1183-77
COMPOSITION FOR REMOVAL OF IMMISCIBLE FLUIDS FROM WATER SURFACES
AND LAKE BEDS
Peterson, E. C.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,980,566
Spill recovery, Adsorption, Patent
Immiscible fluids such as oil spills are removed from the surface
of water by placing an adsorbent compound on the water surface
in contact with the spilled fluid and maintaining contact until
the immiscible fluid is adsorbed.  The adsorbent compound consists
of a mixture of about 30-70% by weight lead slag mineral wool with
the balance being a finely divided natural stone substance
containing iron, aluminum, and magnesium oxides.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(8):#W77-03870.  1977]


C-1184-77
APPARATUS FOR CLEANING POLLUTED WATER
Rafael, J.  1976.
British Patent 1,449,901

Skimmers, Ships, Design and engineering, Patent, *Wave damping
device

An oil-skimming ship is described which can clean up oil in up
to moderate swell conditions.  In the bow of the ship, a
floating body damps oncoming waves and thus allows the skimming
of floating oil.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#78286t.  1977]
C-1185-77
SELECTION CRITERIA AND LABORATORY EVALUATION OF OIL SPILL SORBENTS
Robertson, L. A., M. F. Fingas, and L. B. Solsberg. (eds.).  1976.
Technology development report, EPS-4-EC-76-5.  53p.
Crude oil, Spill recovery, Absorption, Design and engineering,
*Sorbents

Twenty oil spill sorbents were studied in terms of desirable
performance and operational criteria using a Canadian western
crude oil.  Maximum sorbent capacity was correlated and compared
with the viscosity of the oil recovered.  The synthetic polymeric
sorbents were found to exhibit the highest oil pick-up capacities
and oil/water ratios.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(6):#W77-02769.  1977]
                           66

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C-1186-77
APPARATUS FOR FACILITATING THE REMOVAL OF FLOTATION MATERIAL
Rovel, J. M.  1977.
Canadian Patent 1,003,582

Spill recovery, Design and engineering, Oil-water separation,
Patent

The apparatus consists of a network of vertical partitions which
are in a horizontal plane at the upper edge and create a large
number of vertical passages.  Means are provided of overflow to
maintain constant the level of the liquid so that the network is
in the area occupied by the flotation material.  A collection
system for the surface layer is provided in the immediate
vicinity of the network.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(16):#232,471.   1977]


C-1187-77
MINERALS ENRICHED IN IRON AND NICKEL FROM ASBESTOS MINE WASTES
Santt, R.  1976.
French Demande 2,294,994

Spill cleanup, Dispersions, Patent, *Asbestos mine wastes

Asbestos mine mineral wastes are processed to separate Fe-and
Ni-containing parts; the remaining fines, particle size < lOOy,
are used as aqueous dispersions or gels to clean up oil slicks
from sea water.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#124811k.  1977]


C-1188-77
TESTS OF THE ARCTIC BOAT CONFIGURATION OF THE LOCKHEED CLEAN
SWEEP OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM IN A BROKEN ICE FIELD
Schultz, L. A.  1976.
Final report, USCG-D-108-76; Contract DOT-CG-51487-A.  85p.

Spill recovery, Skimmers, Crude oil, Freshwater, Ice, Arctic,
*Lockheed Cleanup Sweep

Tests of the Lockheed Model R2003 "Arctic Boat" spill recovery
device under simulated arctic conditions indicate that although
in the Arctic Boat configuration the oil recovery rate and
efficiency is improved, the performance of the unit is highly
dependent on operating conditions.

[from Government Reports Announcements 77(5):#AD-A032 832/8GA.
1977]
                           67

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C-1189-77
SLURP ADJUSTABLE WEIR OIL SKIMMER (product information)
Seaward International, Inc.  n.d.
Seaward International, Inc., 6289 Leesburg Pike.   Falls Church,
VA 22044
Spill recovery, Skimmers, Design and engineering, *SLURP weir
skimmer
The SLURP (Self Leveling Unit for Removing Pollution) is designed
for removing floating oil layers from protected waters.  The unit
is lightweight, compact, corrosion-resistant and has no moving
parts; the degree of weir immersion is remotely controlled from
a pump.  SLURP has a draft of only 13 cm (5") for the aluminum
model, 25 cm (10") for the steel model, and operates in both
smooth and choppy water.
C-1190-77
PROCESS FOR REMOVING PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FROM SOLID OR LIQUID
SURFACES
Stein, C., and A. Marbach.  1976.
French Patent 2,288,709
Spill recovery, Petroleum products, Patent, *Adhesive polymer
film

Oil on water or on the surface of solids is removed by contacting
the oil with a finely divided polymer  capable  of forming with
the petroleum products a film sufficiently resistant so that it
can be pulled off the polluted surface by mechanical means.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(15):#232,328. 1977]
C-1191-77
POLYURETHANE FOAM WITH IMPROVED OIL ABSORPTION
Sumikura, T., H. Tenada, and S. Kaneko.  1976.
Japanese Patent 76 27,710
Emulsions, Absorption, Patent, *Polyurethane foam chips
Foam chips prepared from foamed polyurethane compounds containing
an anhydrous metal sulfate such as Na2S04 or Al2(S04)3 effectively
absorb emulsified oils.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(11):#70551e.  1977]
                            68

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C-1192-77
OIL ADSORBENT
Takahashi, K., and Y. Okochi.  1976.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 76,111,494

Adsorption, Patent, *Polyurethane foam

Polyurethane foams having continuous cell structure were treated
with a methyl hydrogen polysiloxane emulsion to yield an effective
oil adsorbent material.  In a test, the material adsorbed nearly
Ig oil/cm3 foam.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(10):#56449w.  1977]


C-1193-77
FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF OIL POLLUTION UPON MARINE
ORGANISMS - II. LETHAL CONCENTRATIONS OF OIL-SPILL EMULSIFIER
COMPONENTS FOR MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON
Tokuda, H.  1977.
Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 43(1):
103-106.

Solvents, Surfactants, Toxicity, Emulsifiers, Phytoplankton

The lethal concentrations of solvents and non-ionic surfactants
used as oil-spill emulsifiers were determined for two species of
marine phytoplankton by culture experiments.  The toxicity of
petroleum solvents was dependent on their aromatic content.  The
surfactants with hydrophobic groups such as alkylphenol and
secondary alcohol were highly toxic; the ester types were less
toxic than the ether types.


C-1194-77
ICE CONDITIONS AND THE PROPOSED CONTAINMENT AND REMOVAL OF
SPILLED OIL ON ST. CLAIR AND DETROIT RIVERS
Tsang, G.  1975.
Canada Centre for Inland Waters, Scientific Series No. 56.  30p.

Spill containment, Spill recovery, Rivers, Ice, Booms, Canada,
*St. Clair and Detroit rivers
A method is examined for dealing with oil spills on the St. Clair
and Detroit rivers during ice conditions which may interfere with
spill containment and removal operations.  Dynamic analysis is
suggested for the design of ice and oil booms, and equations for
the design of booms under specific conditions are given.  Surface
skimming by high-volume pumping for removal of oil and oil-
frazil ice mixtures is discussed.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):IW77-01802.  1977]
                            69

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C-1195-77
FLEXIBLE CONCENTRATOR FOR THE RECOVERY  OF POLLUTING LIQUIDS
FLOATING ON THE  SURFACE OF A BODY OF  WATER
Vidilles, J.   1976.
French Patent  2,303,120
Spill recovery,  Design and engineering, Patent, *Flexible
floating pipe
A flexible floating pipe is described which concentrates and
recovers oil spills or other immiscible liquids floating on
water.  The pipe is oriented perpendicular to the direction  of
the current and  has entry openings  parallel to the water
surface.
[from Petroleum  Abstracts 17(15):#232,329.  1977]
C-1196-77
APPARATUS AND  METHOD OF REMOVING  DEBRIS FLOATING ON A  BODY OF
WATER
Wilson, D.  E.   1976.
U.S. Patent 3,983,034

Spill cleanup, Skimmers, Booms, Design  and engineering,  Patent

An apparatus for skimming oil spills  from the water surface
consists of three adjustably buoyant  pontoons, one located in
each of the corners of a triangle  made  up of interconnecting
structural  members.  At the base  of the triangle is the  skimmer
mouth sloping  upwards towards a sump.   Two pontoons on each
side of the sloped mouth guide the oil  slick into the  skimmer.
Once there  the slick flows over a  self-adjusting weir  into a
sump.

                             3,983,034
               APPARATUS AND METHOD OF REMOVING DEBRIS
                    FLOATING ON A BODY OF WATER
             Donald E. Wilson, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, assignor to Chev-
               ron Research Company, San Francisco, Calif.
              Continuation of Ser. No. 410,122, Nov. 26, 1973, abandoned.
                  This application Jan. 3, 1975, Ser. No. 538,494
                         Int. Cl.! E02B  15104
             U.S. Cl. 210-73 W                    9 Claims
                           70

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3.  RESTORATION


    C-1197-77
    NEW TECHNIQUE FOR OILED BIRDS (news brief)
    Anon.  1977.
    Massachusetts Audubon 16(6):3.

    Restoration, Birds, Oil spills, Solvents

    The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds rehabilitation
    program for oiled birds is presented.  A bird can be cleaned
    using a solvent and released within a few days provided the
    feathers have been aligned properly.  It is believed that the
    bird's natural oil has less to do with buoyancy and insulation
    than once thought.  If the feathers can be restored, the bird
    has a good chance of survival.


    C-1198-77
    TO SAVE A BIRD, PREVENT A SPILL (news brief)
    Anon.  1977.
    Audubon 79(2):160.
    Restoration, Birds, Oil spills, Contamination, Torrey Canyon,
    Olympic Games spill
    Efforts to save oiled waterfowl after the "Olympic Games and
    "Torrey Canyon" tanker oil spills are reviewed and requirements
    for bird survival during rehabilitation are discussed.  It is
    essential that specific food requirements of each species be
    met and proper cleaning and handling by volunteers are achieved
    in order to maximize the survival of the birds.
    C-1199-77
    OILY BIRDS
    Grant , D.  1977.
    Underwater Naturalist 10(2):18-19.

    Restoration, Birds, Olympic Games spill  , Personnel training,

    An account is given of the rescue and rehabilitation of oiled
    waterfowl along the Delaware-New Jersey coast after the "Olympic
    Games" oil spill in December, 1976.  Treatment procedures for
    cleaning the birds are given and the lack of trained personnel
    in the rehabilitation effort is discussed.
                               71

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4.   OIL TRANSFER AND TRANSPORT


    C-1200-77
    UNITED STATES (news brief)
    Anon.  1977.
    Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(3):53.

    Oil spills, Tankers, Legislation,  Pollution prevention,  U.S.

    The Sierra Club and eight other U.S.  environmental  groups  have
    called for new legislation for  oil-tanker safety as a direct
    result of the "Argo Merchant" oil  spill.   The organizations are
    calling for specific design,  construction and equipment  features
    to reduce oil spillage and are  criticizing the U.S.  Coast  Guard
    for failing to adhere to the  1972  U.S.  Ports and Waterways Act.


    C-1201-77
    OIL FROM MERCHANT SHIPS (news brief)
    Bourne, W. R. P.  1977.
    Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(4):75.

    Oil discharges, Harbors, Oceans, Ships, *Merchant ships

    The author points out that merchant shipping should not  be
    forgotten as a source of oil  pollution  in harbors and at sea.
    It has been recorded that merchant ships  are known  to pump
    excess oil in their tanks overboard when  preparing  to enter
    dock for inspection, and any  remaining  oil is then  likely  to
    be discarded into the bilges  which are  pumped out when the
    vessel leaves port.
    C-1202-77
    PUGET SOUND SWEATS OUT GROWING TANKER TRAFFIC (news brief)
    Browning, R. J.   1977.
    National Fisherman 57(11):3A,26A.

    Oil transport, Tankers, Oil  spills, Legislation, Puget Sound,
    Washington

    Background information is provided on the possibility of oil
    tanker traffic in Puget Sound, and recent legislation banning
    movement of tankers of more  than 125,000 dwt in the Strait of
    Juan de Fuca is discussed.   Oil spill projections over the
    next 20 years are outlined for Washington.
                              72

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C-1203-77
IMPACT OF THE TRANSPORTATION OF PETROLEUM OF THE WATERS ON THE
NORTHEASTERN PACIFIC OCEAN
Clark, R. C., Jr.  1976.
Marine Fisheries Review 38(11):20-26.

Oil transport, Oil discharges, Sources, Fate, Biological effects,
Marine organisms, Fisheries, Pacific Ocean

The sources of oil pollution, the chemical, physical and biological
fate of oil, and the potential effects of increased tanker traffic
or marine resources of the northeastern Pacific Ocean are discussed.
C-1204-77
ARCTIC ADAPTS - ENGINEERING ANALYSIS, PROTOTYPE DEVELOPMENT AND
TESTING
Clarke, M. L., D. W. Durfee, and S. H. Shaw.  1976.
Final report, USCG-D-123-76; Contract DOT-C651864A.  161p.

Oil transfer, Ships, *Pumps, Design and engineering, Arctic,
*ADAPTS

ADAPTS is a portable pumping system consisting of a diesel/hydraulic
power supply and a hydraulic motor-powered axial flow, submersible
turbine pump expressly built by the Coast Guard for off-loading
damaged tank ships.  An engineering study to analyze the feasibility
of using the ADAPTS pumping systems in an arctic environment is
presented.

[from Government Reports Announcements 77(9):#AD-A035 916/6GA.  1977]
C-1205-77
IMPLICATIONS OF THE U.S. COAST GUARD SEGREGATED BALLAST RETROFIT
RULING ON IMPORT ALTERNATIVES AND POLLUTION OF THE MARINE
ENVIRONMENT
Dayton, R., F. Daniels, L. Stoehr, and J. Kirkland.  1976.
Final report, ORI-TR-1096, USCG-M-06-77; Contract N00014-76-C-
0918.  128p.

Pollution control, Tankers, Segregated ballast, Regulations,
USCG, Cost analysis, Environmental protection

This study was undertaken to estimate the economic costs and
environmental benefits to be derived from implementing the
USCG regulation which would require the backfitting of segregated
ballast tanks on all tankers engaged in importing oil to the U.S.
and to examine the economic feasibility of alternative oil
importing schemes which could circumventthe proposed regulation.

[from Government Reports Announcements 77(7):#AD-A034 840/9GA.
1977]
                            73

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C-1206-77
THE APPLICABILITY OF THE MILFORD HAVEN EXPERIENCE FOR NEW OIL
TERMINALS
Dicks, B.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.).  New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.67-79.  Institute of Petroleum/Field
Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.
Oil transfer, Ports, Environmental effects, Oil discharges, Marine
organisms, UK, *Milford Haven
To illustrate some of the special characteristics of Mil ford
Haven and come of the differences between this port and other
development sites, a brief comparison is made of Milford Haven
with two potential development areas:  Sullom Voe and the
Cromarty Firth.  A number of coincidental factors have contributed
toward keeping Milford Haven clean.  If these factors are dupli-
cated or fully understood and taken into account at new sites,
then a wide range of experience, in terms of port management and
effects of development on shore life, become applicable to these
areas.  If not, extrapolation of the Milford Haven experience to
new oil terminals is regarded as dangerous.
C-1207-77
A METHOD TO ESTIMATE THE POLLUTION RISK AND COST OF DCS OIL
TRANSPORTATION
Donovan, L. J., and 0. J. Owen, III.  1977.
Journal of Petroleum Technology, June:639-648.
Oil transport, DCS, Oil spills, Economics, Storage,Tankers,
Pipelines, Oil tanks, Gulf of Alaska, *Risk analysis
A method is presented for combining best available economic and
spill risk data into a format useful in making rational decisions
about the transport of oil from the Gulf of Alaska to the U.S.
West Coast.  Separate oil spill risk analyses are presented for
oil transport by tankers, pipelines and storage facilities
including onshore storage, offshore floating tanks and ocean-
floor tanks.  Tanker transport is analyzed by a simulation model.
C-1208-77
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE
Federal Energy Administration.  1976.
Final environmental impact statement, FEA/S-76/488, FES 76-2.  304p.
Crude oil, Storage, Environmental effects, EIS, *Salt domes,
*Tank farms, *Strategic Petroleum Reserve

The potential environmental impacts of implementing the Strategic
Petroleum Reserve program are assessed.  This involves the securing
                            74

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of nearly 500 million bbl of oil in long-term storage facilities,
such as salt domes and tank farms, as a national reserve against
the possible interruption of foreign oil imports.  Further study
is recommended of the feasibility of offshore and onshore salt
domes excavation, the substitution of seawater for fresh water in
onshore salt-dome excavation, and the reuse of waste brines from
injection aquifers for oil displacement during emptying of salt-
dome storage cavities.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(13):#231,853.   1977]
C-1209-77
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE:  BAYOU CHOCTAW SALT DOME
Federal Energy Administration.  1976.
Final environmental impact statement, FEA/S-76/501, FES-76-5.
595p.

Crude oil, Storage, Environmental effects, EIS, Louisiana,
*Bayou Choctaw Salt Dome

The Bayou Choctaw site, a salt dome with existing cavities
located in Iberville Parish, Louisiana, has been selected as a
candidate site for the proposed storage of crude oil because it
offers the advantage of large storage capacity, easy access to
the distribution network, and a short preparation period.  This
site-specific EIS assesses the environmental impacts caused by
site preparation and operation.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(13):#231,854.  1977]
C-1210-77
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE.  BRYAN MOUND SALT DOME.
Federal Energy Administration.  1977.
Final environmental impact statement, FEA/S-76/502, FES 76/77-6.
542p.

Crude oil, Storage, Environmental effects, EIS, Oil transport,
Water quality, *Bryan Mound Salt Domes

Construction and preparation of storage cavities, dock facilities,
and pipelines would degrade water quality by increasing the
amount of suspended particulates, toxic sulfides, heavy metals,
arsenic, and toxic hydrocarbons.  Crude oil loading,  unloading
and transportation operations create the risk of oil spills which
have the potential to disrupt the aquatic ecosystem and would
cause evaporative hydrocarbon emission which would temporarily
exceed the federal standard.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(13):#231,856.  1977]
                            75

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C-1211-77
STRATEGIC .PETROLEUM RESERVE.  CENTRAL ROCK MINE
Federal Energy Administration.  1976.
Draft environmental impact statement, FEA/S-76/489, DES 76-9.
460p.
Crude oil, Storage, Environmental  effects, EIS, Water quality,
Oil spills, Kentucky, *Central Rock Mine

This site-specific environmental impact statement assesses the
environmental parameters for the Central Rock, Kentucky, Early
Storage Reserve site.  Adverse impacts include degradation of
surface water quality due to sedimentation from runoff and
erosion during pipeline construction, a moderate increase in
hydrocarbon emissions during transfer and temporary storage of
oil in the Tates Creek storage tanks, and the potential for an
increase in the frequency of oil spills along transportation
corridors.  Changes in water quality would have a short-term
impact on the aquatic organisms in local areas and could result
in significant sedimentation in a downstream impoundment.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(13):#231,850.  1977]
C-1212-77
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE. COTE BLANCHE MINE
Federal Energy Administration.  1977.
Final environmental impact statement,  FEA/S-77/016, FES 76/77-7.
746p.
Crude oil, Storage, Environmental effects, EIS, Water quality,
Oil spills, Louisiana, *Cote Blanch Mine
This site specific environmental impact statement assesses the
Cote Blanche salt mine in St. Mary Parish, Louisiana, for the
proposed storage of oil.  Adverse impacts to the environment
include degradation of surface water quality due to erosion from
runoff during construction and dredging activities, increase in
hydrocarbon emissions during the filling of petroleum carrying
vessels, and the potential for an increase in the frequency of
oil spills along transportation corridors.  Changes in water
quality would have a short-term impact on the local aquatic
organisms.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(3):#23T,857.  1977]
                          76

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C-1213-77
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE.  IRONTON MINE
Federal Energy Administration.  1976.
Draft environmental impact statement, FEA/S-76/490, DES 76-10.
494p.

Crude oil, Storage, Environmental effects, EIS, Water quality,
Oil spills, Ohio, *Ironton Mine

This site-specific environmental impact statement assesses the
environmental parameters for the Ironton, Ohio, Early Storage
Reserve Site.  Adverse impacts include degradation of surface
water quality due to sedimentation from runoff and erosion during
pipeline construction, and the potential for an increase in the
frequency of oil spills along transportation corridors.  Changes
in water quality would have a short-term impact on the local
aquatic organisms.  No signficant adverse socio-economic effects
have been identified.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(13):#231,851.  1977]


C-1214-77
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE.  KLEER MINE
Federal Energy Administration.  1977.
Draft environmental impact statement, FEA/S-77/003, DES 77-2.
556p.

Crude oil, Storage, Environmental effects, EIS, Water quality,
Oil spills, Texas, *Kleer Mine

This site-specific environmental impact statement assesses the
environmental parameters for the Kleer Mine, Texas, Early
Storage Reserve Site.  Adverse impacts include   degradation of
surface water quality due to sedimentation from runoff and erosion
during pipeline construction, a moderate increase in hydrocarbon
emissions during transfer and temporary storage of oil in Winnsboro
storage tanks, locally significant increases in hydrocarbon
emissions during transport of oil from the Gulf of Mexico to
Winnsboro Terminal, and the potential for an increase in the
frequency of oil spills along the transportation corridors.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(13):#231,852.  1977]


C-1215-77
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE.  WEEKS ISLAND MINE
Federal Energy Administration.  1977.
Final environmental impact statement, FEA/S-77/017, FES 76/77-8.
742p.

Crude oil, Storage, Environmental effects, EIS, Water Quality,
Oil spills, Louisiana, *Weeks Island Mine

This site specific environmental impact statement assesses the
Weeks Island salt mine in Iberia Parish, Louisiana, for the

                            77

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proposed storage of crude oil.  Adverse impacts to the environment
include degradation of surface water quality due to erosion from
runoff during construction and dredging activities, increase in
hydrocarbon emissions during the filling of petroleum-carrying
vessels, and the potential for an increase in the frequency of
oil spills along transportation corridors.  Changes in water
quality would have a short-term impact on the local aquatic
organisms.
[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(3):#231,858.  1977]


C-1216-77
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE.  WEST HACKBERRY SALT DOME
Federal Energy Administration.  1977.
Final environmental impact statement, FEA/S-76/503, FES 76/77-4.
615p.

Crude oil, Storage, Environmental effects, EIS, Oil transport,
Water quality, *West Hackberry Salt Dome

Construction and preparation of storage cavities, dock facilities,
and pipelines would degrade water quality by increasing the
amount of suspended particulates, toxic sulfides, heavy metals,
arsenic, and toxic hydrocarbons.  Crude oil loading, unloading
and transportation operations create the risk of oil spills and
would cause evaporative hydrocarbon emission which would tempo-
rarily exceed the federal standard.  Displacement of crude oil
during drawdown operations could cause some surface subsidence
over water-storage areas, slow salt-water encroachment, and
movement of near-surface geologic faults.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(13):#231,855.  1977]
C-1217-77
STRATEGIC PETROLEUM RESERVE PLAN (PUBLIC LAW 94-163, SECTION 154)
Federal Energy Administration.  1976.
FEA/S-76/45A.  349p.

Crude oil, Storage, Environmental effects, Economic effects, FEA,
*Strategic Petroleum Reserve

The Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975 requires the FEA
to implement the Strategic Petroleum Reserve in order to mitigate
the economic impacts of any future interruptions of petroleum
imports.  One hundred fifty MMB of oil will be stored by 1978 and
five hundred MMB will be stored by 1982 under the program.  This
report discusses FEA's plan for developing the Strategic Petroleum
Reserve.

[from Government Reports Announcements 77(7):#PB-261 737/1GA-  1977]
                             78

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C-1218-77
THE VALDEZ CONNECTION
Fradkin, P. L.  1977.
Audubon 79(2) :134-140.

Oil transport, Oil spills, Tankers, Environmental effects, Alaska,
*Valdez Narrows

A discussion of oil tanker traffic and possible oil spills in the
Valdez Narrows, Alaska, is presented.  A historical account of
environmental and developmental meetings on oil transport in Arctic
waters is given.  It is the opinion of the author that an oil
spill from a tanker disaster is inevitable.
SUPERTANKERS - COMING OR GOING?
Frye, J.  1977.
Sea Frontiers 23(2):76-83.

Tankers, Oil transport, Economics, Oil discharges, Oil spills,
Environmental effects, *Supertankers

The future of VLCC's (very large crude carriers) is in doubt due
to the sharp increases in crude oil prices, reduced demand for
petroleum products, and resulting nonuse of supertankers.   The
series of spill disasters has confirmed suspicions in the minds
of some groups that these ships constitute a menace on the seas.
C-1220-77
COOLING OF OIL IN SUNKEN OR DISABLED TANKERS
Graham, 0. W., A. Y. McLean, and M. E. Norwood.  1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(l):13-22.

Oil transfer, Tankers, Models, *0il cooling rates

Oil is commonly heated to decrease its viscosity and improve its
handling characteristics during transfer operations.  This article
reports on a field experiment and computer simulation study of
the cooling rates and behavior of oil in cold water environments.
The computer analysis was applied to the recent "Irving Whale"
and "Argo Merchant" tanker spills and was found to reliably
predict cooling rates of oil in closed vessels surrounded by
cold water.
                            79

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C-1221-77
EFFECT OF  IMCO POLLUTION REGULATIONS ON SHIPPING
IMCO.  1975.
Conference of Marine Media Management Ltd., London, 1974.   26p.
(Institute of Marine Engineers - Transactions Proceedings  of
Papers Series B)
Regulations, Pollution prevention, Ships, Monitoring, IMCO
Six papers are presented on the following topics in marine
pollution:  a review of current and future pollution regulations;
the facilities required to reduce pollution in ports and rivers;
the disposal of sewage and garbage at sea; the marine application
of monitoring oil in water; and equipment development for inciner-
ation and sewage treatment.

[from MRIS Abstracts 14:#14 141401.  1976]


C-1222-77
OCEANOGRAPHIC COMMISSION
Ledbetter, B. G.  1975.
Annual report, Natural Resources and Recreation Agencies,   p.57-62.

Oil transfer, Offshore development, Environmental effects, Socio-
economic effects, Cost analysis, Models, Spreading
A study concerned with the feasibility of offshore petroleum
transfer systems in terms of engineering, environmental, economic,
social and jurisdictional factors is presented.  Cost benefits,
advantages, and impacts were analyzed and a literature search of
oil spreading models was undertaken.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(9):#W77-04359.  1977]


C-1223-77
STUDIES OF OIL SPILLS FROM BLOWOUTS AND BROKEN UNDERWATER PIPELINES
Mundheim, 0.  1976.
Offshore North Sea Technology Conference, Stavanger, Norway, 1976.
Stavanger, Norway, NOROIL Publishing House, 1976.  Safety and
Environmental Protection Section, Paper S-lll/3.  27p.  Summary.

Oil transport, Pipelines, Oil spills, Leakage, Fate, Spreading,
Evaporation, Models, *Ignition hazards

The results of an analytical study on the fate of oil spillage
from pipelines breaks and leaks in deep water  (over 150 m) are
summarized.  The first part of the study estimates the rates and
quantities of oil losses from broken pipelines using mathemetical
models.  In the second part of the study, the  surface behavior
and fate of a pipeline spill are assessed,including predictions
of spreading rates, thickness of slicks, evaporation rates, and
ignition hazards.
                            80

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C-1224-77
ALASKANS WORRIED AS TIME NEARS FOR INFLUX OF TANKERS (news brief)
Munro, N.  1977.
National Fisherman 57(11):27A.

Oil transport, Tankers, Ports, Oil spills, Environmental effects,
Alaska, *Valdez Narrows

Tanker traffic in the Valdez Narrows, Alaska, is discussed and the
recent decision to send a tanker through the Narrows on a trial run
is outlined.  Citizen opposition and environmental effects of a
possible oil spill are presented.
C-1225-77
TEMPORARY STORAGE AND ULTIMATE DISPOSAL OF OIL RECOVERED FROM
SPILLS IN ALASKA
Peterson, P. L., R. A. Yano, and M. M. Orgill.  1975.
U.S. Coast Guard report, CG-D-181-75.  239p.

Spill disposal, Storage, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Alaska

Seven representative sites felt to be future areas of high spill
potential are evaluated with respect to storage and disposal of
spills of 100 to 50,000 bbls.  Potential adverse effects of the
Alaskan environment on oil spill handling, storage and disposal
are compared to more temperate  environments.    It was concluded
that all temporary storage should be on land.  In-situ burning
was the preferred method of disposal at virtually all sites
evaluated.

[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(3):#7Q3161.  1977]


C-1226-77
"OIL SPILLS:  A DILEMMA TO BE RESOLVED (news brief)
Rowland, W. G., Jr., and M. L. Millstone.  1977.
Journal Water Pollution Control Federation 49(3):357-359.

Argo Merchant spill, Tankers, Safety, Contingency planning,
Liability, USCG, Gulf of Mexico, *Flags of convenience

The "Argo Merchant" oil spill and "flags of convenience" are
discussed with reference to tanker safety and U.S. Coast Guard
responsibilities.  Measures to set up a contingency fund along
with liability laws are viewed as a necessity if supertankers
are to be allowed in the Gulf of Mexico.
                            81

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    C-1227-77
    THE TRANS-ALASKA PIPELINE AND STRICT LIABILITY  FOR  OIL  POLLUTION
    DAMAGE
    Stone, A. G.   1975.
    Urban Law Annual 9:179-201.
    Pipelines, Development,  Environmental  effects,  Oil  spills,
    Legislation,  Liability,  Alaska
    The development and  environmental  effects  of the Alaskan  pipeline
    are examined  in light of the 1973  Trans-Alaska  Pipeline Authoriza-
    tion Act.  The Act's inclusion of  strict liability  for  damage
    caused by oil  pollution  and  a proposed general  adoption of  strict
    liability for all  oil transportation and storage are  discussed.
    The environmental  problems raised  include  damage to the permafrost,
    the earthquake risk, and the impact of oil  spills in  arctic waters
    resulting in  bird and fish destruction.
    [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(10):#W77-04907.  1977]
5.   WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL METHODS


    C-1228-77
    OIL EMULSION REMOVAL
    (Amchem Products, Inc.)   1976.
    Australian Patent 478,697

    Emulsions, Oil-water separation,  Patent,  *Demulsification

    An oil emulsion removal  process consists  of the following:
    removing the oil emulsion from objects by contacting them with
    a solution of wash water and demulsifier, thereby providing a
    turbulent mixture; collecting this mixture containing demulsifier
    for breaking the oil emulsion to separate oil;  removing the
    separated oil from the wash water in a quiescent stage; and
    recycling the wash water and demulsifier.

    [from Petroleum Abstracts 17(18):#233,092.  1977]
                               82

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C-1229-77
EMULSION BREAKING PROGRAMS RECOVER VALUABLE OIL, REDUCE POLLUTION
(product information)
Anon.  1977.
Pacific Oil World 70(5):36-37.

Wastewater treatment, Emulsions, Oil-water separation, Sludge

A bulletin published by NALCO Chemical Company explains how
treatment of oily wastewater and wastewater emulsions can improve
oil-water separation, reduce sludge volumes and improve effluent
quality.  The publication, Bulletin PC-1, entitled "Reduce
Pollution, Recover Oil with NALCO Emulsion Breaking Programs,"
is available from NALCO Chemical Company, 2901 Butterfield Rd.,
Oak Brook, IL  60521.
C-1230-77
MACHINE TREATS WASTEWATER IN CAPACITIES TO 5,000 GPM (product
information)
Anon.  1977.
Oil and Gas Journal 75(17):198.

Wastewater treatment, Emulsions, Oil-water separation, Design
and engineering

Emulsified oils and solids are removed from water by forced
aeration in the "Hydrocleaner" wastewater treatment machine.
The machines are available in 190-19,000 1/min (50 to 5000 gal/
min) capacities, handle wastewaters containing up to 5000 ppm
oil, usually discharge less than 10 ppm oil, and use half the
power of other machines.  FFI contact WEMCO Division, Envirotech
Corporation, P.O. Box 15619, Sacramento, CA 95813.
C-1231-77
NEW BREAKTHROUGH IN RECOVERING OIL FROM WATER (product information)
Anon.  1977.
Sea Technology 18(3):27.
Oil-water separation, Design and engineering
The RDS oil-water separator recovers and separates oil from oily
water mixtures.  Designed by Marine Construction and Design Co.
(MARCO), Seattle, WA, the system permits ultra-small oil droplets
to rise and to separate for recovery and reduces the total oil
content to 10 ppm or less.
                            83

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C-1232-77
NRL RESEARCHERS DEVELOP SYSTEMS TO DEMULSIFY,  OILY WASTE (news
brief)
Anon.  1977.
Sea Technology 18(3):37-38.

Waste oil treatment, Emulsions, Bilges, Oil  tanks, Spill recovery,
*Demulsifying agents
A new pair of chemical agents for use in demulsifying oily waste
found in ship bilges, fuel tanks, and oil spills have been developed
by the Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC).  This system
could be used to remove water from recovered oil during spill
recovery operations; thus fewer oil transport barges would be
required.
C-1233-77
OIL/WATER SEPARATORS HAVE MANY USES (product information)
Anon.  1977.
Pacific Oil World 70(3):47.

Wastewater treatment, Oil-water separation, Ships, Refineries,
Design and engineering

General Electric's Oil/Water Separators are designed to clean
oily wastewater, to reclaim the oil, and provide an environmentally
suitable effluent.  Operation and maintenance costs are minimal
since the separators utilize patented coalescing plates, require
no filters, and are fully automatic.  Oil/Water Separators are
available for both shipboard and industrial applications.
C-1234-77
ULTRAFILTRATION DEVELOPMENT AIDS WASTE OIL DISPOSAL
Anon.  1976.
Water and Pollution Control 114(12):34.
Waste oil disposal, Emulsions, Oil-water separation, Filtration
A simple and economic system for separating oil-water emulsions
into oil concentrate and clean water at up to 13,600 I/day
(3,600 gal/day) is described.  The process forces oily effluent
through a semi permeable membrane that holds back oil and transmits
only clean water.   The oil concentration is increased up to about
50% and the oil concentrate is removed for incineration or
refining.

[from Pollution Abstracts 8(3):#77-02516.  1977]
                           84

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C-1235-77
AFL INDUSTRIES ... ANSWERS TO INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER POLLUTION
(product information)
AFL Industries,  n.d.
AFL Industries, 1149 Howard Drive, West Chicago, IL 60185
Oil-water separation, Wastewaters, Inland, Skimmers, Design and
engineering, *AFL Industries
A 38-page brochure describes the company's line of oil-water
separation equipment for land-based applications.   Items include
a series of API gravity differential separators of 40-2800 1/min
(10-750 gal/min) flow rates, and ancillary products such as
automatic skimmers, rotary pipe skimmers, and polishing pack
separators,
C-1236-77
PURIFICATION OF WASTE WATERS FROM PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
[in Russian]
Amosov, V. A., A. G. ZiVberman, E. I. Kucheryavykh, E.  I.
Sorkin, L. Ya. Tsarik, S. A. Eppel, V. E. Timoshek, and I. P.
Titov.  1976.
Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel (ll):26-28.

Petrochemicals, Wastewater treatment, pH control, Oxidation,
Flotation, Coagulation

Petrochemical wastewaters were purified by a number of described
processes, including pH adjustment, aeration-oxidation,  foam
flotation and electro-coagulation.  Results are presented and
compared.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#110750c.  1977]
C-1237-77
PURIFICATION OF EFFLUENTS CONTAINING OILS AND HYDROCARBON
EMULSIONS IN WATER
Askienazy, A., V. Ken, J. C. Masson, and J. Lemarquand.  1976.
French Demande 2,284,566

Wastewater treatment, Emulsions, Oil-water separation, pH control,
Patent, *Zn salts

Oil-in-water emulsions are broken by adding a Zn salt at pH 7-8
to the wastewater.  The amount of salt added depends on the
quantity of hydrocarbons or oil in the water.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#126811 j.  1977]
                           85

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C-1238-77
INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT HANDBOOK
Azad, H. S. (ed.)-  n.d.
New York, McGraw-Hill.  800p.
Wastewater treatment, Oil industry, Petrochemicals, Refineries,
Pollution control, Manuals
Water pollution control problems faced by six specific industries
and their sub-industries, including the petroleum and petrochemical
industry, are covered in detail.  Data, materials, preventive
measures and solutions are described for each industry.

[from Chemical Engineering 84(12):41.   1977]
C-1239-77
CONCENTRATION OF OILY AND LATEX WASTEWATERS USING ULTRAFILTRATION
INORGANIC MEMBRANES
Bansal, I. K.  1976.
Industrial Water Engineering 13(5):6-11.
Wastewater treatment, Emulsions, Filtration, Economics,
*Ultrafiltration membrane
The performance of an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane made up of
thin inorganic layers deposited on the inside of porous carbon
tubes was assessed under laboratory and pilot conditions.   Both
waste oil emulsions and dilute latex wastewaters were tested.
UF systems alone effectively concentrated waste oil emulsions  to
£ 25%; additional acid treatment raised this to 70% oil.  The
membrane effectively rejected between 99.50 and 99.99% oil. The
economics of UF treatment are favorable compared to oily waste-
water disposal at present hauling rates.
[from Pollution Abstracts 8(3):#77-02443.  1977]
C-1240-77
WASTE TREATMENT ADVANCES; FLUID BED INCINERATION OF WASTES;
FLUOSOLIDS REACTOR SYSTEMS
Becker, K. P., and C. J. Wall.  1976.
Chemical Engineering Progress 72(10):61-68.
Sludge, Refineries, Incineration, Disposal, Design and
engineering, *Fluid bed incineration
Fluid bed incineration of six petroleum refinery wastes is
detailed and reaction mechanisms for sludges undergoing this
type of disposal are given.  Three different systems of
FluosoTids Reactors are illustrated and discussed.
                            86

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C-1241-77
PURIFICATION OF WASTES FROM CATALYST PRODUCTION IN PETROLEUM
REFINERIES [in Russian]
Blagodarnaya, L. F., and M. 6. Dyuzhakin.  1976.
Khimiya i Teknologiya Topliv i Masel (11):28-30.

Wastewater treatment, Refineries

"After pretreatment or settling, the waters were treated physico-
chemical ly and then biochemically.  Alternately,  the concentration
of suspended and ether-soluble matter was decreased by mixing
wastes from catalyst manufacture and chemical purification and
settling in a settling homogenization tank."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#110752e.  1977]


C-1242-77
BASIC CONCEPTS OF METHODS FOR PREDICTING THE COMPOSITION OF
WASTE WATER DISCHARGED INTO A BODY OF WATER [in Russian]
Bolotina, 0. T.  1976.
Vodnye Resursy   (5):141-152.

Wastewater treatment, Disposal, Contaminants, Petroleum products

A prediction of the composition of discharged wastewaters is
based on:  (1) a wastewater treatment sequence consisting of
sedimentation, biological treatment and filtration-adsorption-
disinfection; and (2) prescribed efficiencies of contaminant
removal for each stage of the treatment sequence.  Contaminants
considered in this prediction include suspended matter, COD,
petroleum products, biodegradable surfactants, resistant
surfactants and phenols.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):#95495c.  1976]


C-1243-77
PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR ELIMINATING OIL FROM WATER CONTAMINATED
WITH OIL
Bruadribb, M. P., R. C. Pitkethly, and M. W. Tideswell.  1976.
French Patent 2,292,676.

Wastewater treatment, Petroleum products, Filtration, Coalescence,
Design and engineering, Patent

An apparatus for purifying water that contains oil or petroleum
products is described.  It consists of a chamber with an inlet
and two outlets which contains several beds of particulate
matter spaced between perforated plates.  After liquid passes
through the granular beds it enters a decantation zone where
the oil is removed.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(15):#232,320.  1977]
                            87

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C-1244-77
TREATMENT OF LUBRICATING OILS CONTAMINATED WITH WATER AND SOLIDS
Busch, F.  1976.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,507,270
Waste oil treatment, Lubricating oil, Reclamation, Patent

"The contaminated oil was  intimately mixed with 0.01%-1% Ba-, Pb-,
or basic Ba-dinonylnaphthalenesulfonate in the form of a 50%  oily
solution, and allowed to settle for 8-16 hrs at 70-80°.   The  oil
was separated from the aqueous phase and used again."

[from Chemical  Abstracts 86(14):#92970t.  1977]
C-1245-77
COALESCENCE OF EMULSIFIED OILY WASTEWATER BY FIBROUS BEDS
Chieu, J.-N., E. F. Gloyna, and R. S. Schechter.   1975.
Annual Purdue Industrial Waste Conference, 30th,  1975.
Wastewater treatment, Oil-water separation, Emulsions,  Coalescence
The feasibility of fibrous bed coalescers to separate emulsified
oil from industrial waste streams was investigated while varying
influent oil concentration, flow rate and bed depth.  Three
coalescing media and 4 types of oil were used.   The results of
these experiments allow the conclusion that fibers preferentially
wetted by the dispersed phase are best, a minimum oil saturation
of 10-15% of the  bed is necessary for complete coalescence, and
a minimum coalescer depth is required.
C-1246-77
DEVICE FOR EVALUATING COALESCENCE OF OIL EMULSIONS
Chieu, J.-N., and E. F. Gloyna.  1975.
ASCE Meeting, Texas Section, El Paso, September 25-27, 1975.

Oil-water separation, Emulsions, Coalescence, Design and engineering

Pilot studies can provide useful information in the design and
operation of coalescers to break stable oil-water emulsions.
Treatability results from the experiments reported in this paper
show how this can be accomplished by using media preferentially
wetted by the dispersed phase, a minimum oil saturation of 10-15%,
and a bed depth of 0.4 centimeters.  Increased filter velocity
and decreased interfacial tension decrease coalescence.
                            88

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C-1247-77
ADVANCED WASTE WATER TREATMENT PROCESS IS EFFECTIVE
Christensen, D. R., and B. R. Conn.  1976.
Hydrocarbon Processing 55(10):107-109.

Wastewater treatment, Petrochemicals, Oil-water separation

A petrochemical plant wastewater treatment pilot study is described
which consists of oil removal, two sequential biological processes,
chemical treatment, filtration, and activated carbon adsorption.
Treated effluent had 0-10 mg/1 oil and grease, as compared to 40
mg/1 for untreated effluent.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(10):#60168w.  1977]
C-1248-77
COALESCING OIL USING A BROMINATED MONOOLEFIN RESIN
Cook, D. G.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,992,290

Oil-water separation, Dispersions, Coalescence, Patent,
*Brominated polyethylene granules

Oil dispersed in water is coalesced and separated by passing the
dispersion through a bed of brominated polyethylene granules to
form a coalesced floating layer which is then skimmed off.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#110879b.  1977]


C-1249-77
THE TREATMENT OF WASTE WATERS WITH PEAT MOSS
Coupal, B., and J. M. Lalancette.  1976.
Water Research 10(12):1071-1076.
Wastewater treatment, Industries, Absorption, Contaminants,
*Peat moss
Industrial wastewaters containing heavy metals, "certain inorganic
contaminants and organic matter  (including oil and detergents)
can be treated effectively after initial settling by contacting
with peat moss.  The characteristics and performance of a
contacting machine with a 75,700 I/day (20,000 gal/day) treatment
capacity are described.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#126703a.  1977]
                           89

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C-1250-77
MINERAL OIL WASTES; A TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM ON ARISINGS,  TREATMENT
AND DISPOSAL, INCLUDING A CODE OF PRACTICE
Department of the Environment.  1976.
London, Stationery Office, 1976.   28p.  (Waste Management Paper
No. 7)
Waste oil, Sources, Environmental effects, Reclamation,  Disposal,
Economic effects
"This publication outlines the origins  of waste oils,  and their
adverse environmental effects if not properly disposed of.   The
economic and environmental value of recovery rather than disposal
is stressed."
[from WRC Information 3(43):#76-2975M.   1976]


C-1251-77
FLOTATION COMBINED WITH OZONATION FOR REMOVAL OF OIL AND DISSOLVED
ORGANIC SUBSTANCES FROM REFINERY WASTE  WATERS [in German]
Dietrich, K. R.  1976.
Gesundheits-Ingenieur 97(9) -.209-211.
Wastewater treatment, Refineries, Oil-water separation,
Flocculation, Flotation, Coalescence,  *0zonation
A process for treating refinery wastewaters is described which
removes oil by flocculation, flotation  and coalescence,  and
decreases the COD of wastewater by ozonation of the organic
matter.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):#95448q.  1977]


C-1252-77
TREATMENT OF WASTE WATERS AFTER EMULSION DECREASING OF MOTOR
PARTS.
Dvorak, J.» J- Sedivy, H. Hofmanova, and J. Hezina.  1976.
Czechoslovakian Patent 163,896

Wastewater treatment, Fuels, Emulsions, Oil-water separation,
Patent

Spent emulsions containing motor fuels and greases are treated
with an 8% aqueous solution of NaCi2-l4-alkylbenzenesulfonate
to break the hydrocarbons and water into separate phases.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):#95627x.  1977]
                           90

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C-1253-77
WEMCO HYDROCLEANER FLOTATION MACHINE (product information)
Envirotech/WEMCO.  n.d.
Envirotech/WEMCO, P.O. Box 15619, Sacramento, CA 95813.
Bulletin F9-B2.

Oil-water separation, Flotation, Design and engineering,
*Aeration, *WEMCO Hydrocleaner

An air flotation machine for oil-water separation is available
which features a hydraulically powered aeration system that has
no moving parts, weighs considerably less, and consumes  less
power than other wastewater systems of comparable capacity.
Used with the proper chemical reagents, the system works with
a broad range of light to heavy oils and petroleum products,
leaving  an  effluent of typically less than 10 ppm hydrocarbons.
The units are available in 200-20,000 1/min (50-5000 gal/mip)
capacities.
C-1254-77
COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT OF OIL WASTE AND WASTE HARMFUL TO THE
ENVIRONMENT
Eriksson, S. E.  [1976?]
International Trade Fair on Waste Handling, Recycling and
Industrial Cleansing, [1976?].  Paper K6.  8p.

Waste oil treatment, Disposal, *Waste management

Working relationships, agreements, and cooperation between an
independent waste management organization and area authorities
are detailed.  The responsibilities of both organizations are
described.

[from Pollution Abstracts 8(2):#77-01941.  1977]


C-1255-77
OILY WASTES HANDLING AND DISPOSAL - U.S. NAVY
Ferraro, J. M., S. M. Fruh, A. R. Garabrant, P. M. Nadeau, and
R. V. Thomas.  1976.
Naval Engineers Journal 88(2):131-137.

Waste oil treatment, Reclamation, Disposal, USN

The development of abatement and control programs for 17 naval
facilities on U.S. and foreign soils is described.  The first
step taken was a plan to minimize through procedural changes the
volume of wastes actually generated.  The means were determined
for each facility to reclaim,  destroy, or dispose of wastes by
effective and legal methods.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(2):#77-01622.  1977]
                          91

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C-1256-77
PROCESS FOR SEPARATING OIL  FROM WATER AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLE-
MENTING THE PROCESS
Forssberg, K. S. E., and  K.  D.  Kopp.   1976.
French Patent 2,307,563
Oil-water separation, Filtration,  Design and engineering, Patent

A mixture of oil and water  passes  through a filter containing
hematite or magnetite with  particle dimensions 0.2 to 1.2 mm
in size.  The particles are coated with a layer of a lipophilic
compound.  The oil clings to the particles while the  water
passess through the filter.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(13):#231,881.  1977]
C-1257-77
CELL HAVING CATALYTIC  LAYER FOR COALESCING OIL DROPLETS
Fowler, L. L.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,980,565
Oil-water separation,  Emulsions, Coalescence, Design and engineering,
Patent, *Metal catalysts
A cell for oil-water separation of emulsions is described which
involves a catalyst for enhancing the coalescence of finely
dispersed oil droplets.  The device is comprised of an elongated,
perforated core filled with emulsion-breaking fibrous material
surrounded by a catalytic,  porous, and flexible layer that has
sprayed-on particles of the metals Ca, Sn, Al, Ni, Zn and their
alloys.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(8):#45433k.   1977]
                              3,980,565
               CELL HAVING CATALYTIC LAYER FOR COALESCING
                            OIL DROPLETS
               Leslie L. Fowler, 1722 E. 59th St., Tulsa, Okla. 74105
                      Filed Nov. 26, 1971, Ser. No. 202,378
                           Int. CI.J B01D 27/00
               U.S.CI. 210-489                    3 Claims
                            92

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C-1258-77
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CLARIFYING CONTAMINATED LIQUIDS
George, A. L.,  and J.  C.  Manning.  1976.
U.S. Patent  3,986,954

Wastewater treatment,  Oil-water separation,  Emulsions, *Aeration,
Flotation, Patent

Oil-water separation is aided by decreasing  the  specific gravity
of the suspended oil.   The suspension is aerated and pumped under
pressure through a small  orifice into a large  chamber.  This
procedure results in the formation of minute bubbles which adhere
to the oil particles and cause them to float.  The floating oil
is then topped  in a trough and removed; the  effluent is discharged
or recirculated for further oil-water separation.

[from  Chemical  Abstracts 86(12):#78272k.   1977]
                3,986,954
    METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CLARIFYING
           CONTAMINATED LIQUIDS
 Albert L. George, and Jerry C. Manning, both of Lafayette,
   La., assignors to Al George, Inc.
        Filed May 19, I97S, Ser. No. 578,424
             Int. Cl.« B03D 1124
 V.S. Cl.  210-44                    30 Claims
2. \ 1 f I _ 7
.-L

JJi-
3
	 L. 7/_
\ 'L''
"14""'
*kjU,l
®*^ai&i
^^
-i
-a
-a*
3
4 -*-
^j~r~A'^
C-1259-77
USE OF COMMERCIAL-GRADE OXYGEN FOR THE BIOCHEMICAL PURIFICATION
OF PETROLEUM REFINERY WASTE WATERS [in Russian]
Gerber,  V.  Ya.,  G.  D. Gubanova, and E. G.  loakimis.   1976.
Khimiya  i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel (11):12-16.

Wastewater  treatment, Refineries, Oxidation,  *0xygen aeration

Aeration with oxygen instead of air greatly  increased the
biochemical  purification of mixed wastes  in  petroleum refinery
wastewaters.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):#95475w.   1977]
                            93

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C-1260-77
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR BREAKING AND TREATING STABLE EMULSIONS
Ghisalberti, F.  1976.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,623,439
Emulsions, Oil-water separation, Coagulation,  Filtration, Patent

A three-compartment apparatus is used to separate stable emulsions
into oil and water.  In the first compartment  the emulsion is
coagulated by electrolysis; from there it moves to the bottom of
a compartment with an inverted cone shape and  then travels
upward and into a sand filtration unit.   The third compartment
is a trough which collects the clarified water.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#110890y.  1977]


C-1261-77
REFINERY EFFLUENT IMPROVED BY GRAVITY-PRESSURE DEWATERING
Grimes, C. B.  1977.
Oil and Gas Journal 75(17):106-108.

Sludge, Refineries, Wastewater treatment, Disposal, *Sludge
dewatering

Refinery sludge is efficiently and economically prepared for
landfill disposal by a combination gravity filtration-pressure
dewatering process.  The method cuts sludge volume by 80-90%,
thereby significantly decreasing the cost of the final sludge
disposal.
C-1262-77
REMOVAL OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FROM THE ACTIVATED SLUDGE SYSTEM
[English summary]
Grunwald, A.  1976.
Sbornik Vysoke Skoly Chemicko - Technologicke Praze, Technologic
Vody F20:53-84.

Waste oil treatment, Petroleum products, Activated sludge

"Activated sludge was acclimated to mineral oils (e.g., gasoline,
crude oil, and grease) using a substrate containing peptone 0.8,
d-glucose 0.8, NaHCOs 1.0, and KH2P04 0.04g in 1L potable water
and then used in batch treatment of the hydrocarbons (aeration
2 days at 0.4 L/min at 20°, sludge age 5 days)."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):#95563y.  1977]
                           94

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C-1263-77
TREATMENT FOR THE PURIFICATION OF EFFLUENTS FROM OIL-WELL DRILLING
OPERATIONS
Guillerme, M., J. Gratacos, A. Sirvins, and B.  Tramier.   1976.
French Patent 2,301,680

Oil wells, Drilling, Wastewater treatment, Biodegradation,
Bacteria, Flocculation, Patent

Certain strains of biodegrading bacteria are applied to  oil  well
drilling effluents in order to lower the biological  oxygen
demand to required limits.  This treatment is followed by conven-
tional flocculation processes and the resultant effluent meets
existing oil drilling wastewater discharge regulations.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(15)-.1232,181.  1977]
C-1264-77
OILY BILGE WATER TREATMENT WITH A TUBULAR ULTRAFILTRATION SYSTEM
Harris, L. R., et al.  1976.
Journal of  Engineering for Industry 98:1215-20.
Wastewater treatment, Bilges, Oil-water separation, Filtration,
*Tubular ultrafiltration system
A tubular ultrafiltration system using cellulosic and non-
ce! lulosic membranes was tested with bilges and other oily
wastes, alone and combined with a nonionic detergent.  Detergent
addition resulted in a steeper flux decline than any of the
fluids evaluated alone.  Both membrane types produced a
permeate with an oil content < 15 mg/1.   The nonce!lulosic
membranes exhibited higher flux rates than the cellulosic
membranes; only the former could be restored to its initial
water flux by a cleaning operation.
C-1265-77
CONTINUOUSLY SEPARATING EMULSIONS
Herce, J. A., and J. E. Heath.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,996,157
Wastewater treatment, Emulsions, Oil-water separation,
*Cellulose fibers, Patent

Waste oil-water emulsions are treated with a liquid suspension
of nongranular, discrete, 100-10,000 y cellulose fibers to
                          95

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yield  a  continuous  phase and an essentially fiber-free dispersed
phase.   The demulsified oil can be  recovered, the  effluent water
contains only 3-4 ppm oil, and the  fibers can be  recycled.
[from  Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#78280m.   1977]
                              3,996,157
                  METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY SEPARATING
                             EMULSIONS
               John A. Hcrce, Bellaire, and James E. Heath, Houston, both of
                Tex., assignors to Shell Oil Company, Houston, Tex.
                  Division of Ser. No. 271,441, July 13, 1972, Pat. No.
               3,869,408. This application July 18, 1974, Ser. No. 489,678
                           Int. Cl.1 BO ID 15/02
               V.S. Cl. 252-325                    28 Claims
                                      S4MQ  ware*
C-1266-77
APPARATUS AND METHOD  FOR TREATING  A STREAM OF OIL-CONTAINING
WASTE  WATER USING  ULTRAFILTRATION
(Hoogovens Ijmuiden B.  V.)  1976.
Netherlands Application 75 05,875
Emulsions, Wastewater treatment, Filtration, pH  control,
Design and engineering, Patent
Oily wastewater emulsions are separated by ultrafiltration
after  adjustment to pH 10.  The apparatus which  utilizes this
process to treat a continuous waste stream is described.
[from  Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#126814y. 1977]
                            96

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C-1267-77
SEPARATION OF OIL AND WATER
lizuka, K,, N. Dalmon, S. Ichinose.T. Kiribayashi, and M.  Murata.
1976.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 76,136,591

Wastewater treatment, Oil-water separation, Flotation, Patent,
*Powdered mica

Treatment of tetrasilicic mica (NaMg2.5Si4P-|QF2) with alkylbenzyl-
dimethyl ammonium chloride in BuOH removes oil from water.   In an
example, water containing 5000 ppm heavy oil was flotated  with
0.25% mica, yielding an effluent with 482 ppm oil.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#145327x.  1977]
C-l268-77
MANAGEMENT OF OIL SLUDGE FROM A REFINERY WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT
loakimis, E. G., and A. D. Davletov.  1975.
USA/USSR Symposium on Handling, Treatment and Disposal of.Waste-
water Sludge, Moscow, 1975.  p.27-35.

Wastewater treatment, Sludge, Refineries, Incineration, USSR

Several months of incineration of oil sludge produced by refinery
and petrochemical wastewater treatment have been tested in the
USSR.  Rotary drum kilns, fluid bed of heat carrier, and furnaces
with bubble burners are described.

[from Environment Abstracts 6(12):#76-08157.  1977]


C-1269-77
APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING LIQUID PETROLEUM PRODUCTS FROM A MIXTURE
OF LIQUID PETROLEUM PRODUCTS AND WATER
Kuenzle, B.  1976.
Swiss Patent 579,939

Emulsions, Oil-water separation, Coalescence, Filtration, Patent

Oil emulsions are separated from water by means of coalescence
filters connected in a cascade series operated under hydrostatic
pressure.  Each of the successive filters is fed from the bottom,
and the filters are filled with poly(tetrafluoroethylene) chips
as filtering layers.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#78268p.  1977]
                            97

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C-1270-77
PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATERS FROM THE PETROLEUM
REFINING - PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Lacy, W. J., and A. Cywin.   1975.
USA/USSR Symposium on Physical-Chemical  Treatment [of Waste
Waters] from Municipal and Industrial Sources [Papers], Taft
Center, Cincinnati, November 12-14, 1975.   Washington, D.C.
Environmental Protection Agency, 1975.   p. 35-49.

Refineries, Petrochemicals, Wastewater treatment, *Physical-
chemical methods                  '

"A review with 24 references."
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#145145m.   1977]
C-1271-77
ULTIMATE DISPOSAL OF OIL AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Leary, J. F.  1975.
Final feasibility study, No. USCG-D-36-76.   68p.

Waste oil disposal, Spill disposal, Cost analysis, Storage, USCG

The state of the art of methods to store and/or dispose of
recovered oil and other hazardous chemicals which are discharged
into U.S. inland and coastal waters is investigated.   The
Ultimate Disposal problem is discussed with emphasis  on the need
to establish the most cost effective and environmentally suitable
Ultimate Disposal System to satisfy the Coast Guard's needs.

[from Government Reports Announcements 77(8):#AD-A035 137/9GA.
1977]
C-1272-77
METHOD OF TREATING WASTE WATER
Liles, A. W., and R. D. Schwartz.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,968,036

Wastewater treatment, Refineries, Activated sludge, Oxidation,
Patent

A process is described for treating refinery wastewater by
contacting the wastewater with an activated sludge at conditions
under which biological oxidation takes place.  Various water-
                           98

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insoluble  inorganic oxides consisting of silica, alumina,
and silica-alumina are combined with the sludge, thereby
increasing the rates of biological  oxidation and sludge settling.

[from How  to  Remove Pollutants and  Toxic Materials from Air and
Water.  M.  Sittig (ed.).  New Jersey, Noyes Data Corporation,
1977.  p.410-411]
                             3,968,036
                   METHOD OF TREATING WASTE WATER
              Arthur W. Lite, Murray Hill, and Robert D. Schwartz, East
                Windsor, both of NJ., assignors to Exxon Research and
                Engineering Company, Linden, N J.
                     Filed June 17, 1974, Ser. No. 480,011
                          Int. Cl.' C02C 1120
              U.S. Cl. 210—15                     2 Claims
C-1273-77
BREAKING EMULSIONS IN NAVY BILGE  COLLECTION AND TREATMENT SYSTEMS
Little, R.  C.,  and R. L. Patterson.   1976.
Report NRL-MR-3424.  56p.
Bilges, Ships,  Wastewater treatment,  Emulsions, Oil-water
separation, *Demulsification
A new bilge waste collection and  treatment system is described
which is especially suitable for  breaking stable oily waste
emulsions  into  their constituent  phases.   The system utilizes
chemical demulsifiers such as certain quaternary ammonium
compounds  because they are effective  over a wide range of
temperatures and oil concentrations.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(5):#AD-A033 649/5GA.
1977]
                            99

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C-1274-77
HIGH EFFICIENCY OIL/WATER SEPARATION
Lock, J. E.  1976.
Processing 22(10):41.
Oil-water separation, Coalescence, Design and engineering

A single system oil coalescence process is described which can
remove oil droplets > 10 y in diameter with nearly 100% efficiency
to < 1 ppm concentrations, and oil droplets < 10 y with 30-60%
efficiency to  < 5 ppm.
[from Pollution Abstracts 8(2):#77-01232.  1977]


C-1275-77
COALESCING WITH SURFACE-PURIFIED PARTICLES
Mail, I.  1976.
Canadian Patent 990,218
Oil-water separation, Hydrocarbons, Dispersions, Coalescence,
Patent
A process for separating small quantities of finely dispersed
particles of hydrocarbons from water is described.  The process
involves passing the oil-in-water mixture through a bed of
activated carbon particles which absorbs the hydrocarbons.
The hydrocarbons then coalesce into particles of large enough
size for conventional oil-water separation.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#75251s.  1977]


C-1276-77
FLUIDIZED BED REACTORS EASE PROBLEMS
Mayrose, D. T.  1976.
Water and Wastes Engineering 13(10):56-58,60.

Sludge, Solid wastes, Disposal, Incineration, Cost analysis,
Design and engineering

The use of fluid bed reactors .in sludge handling and solid
waste disposal is discussed and is compared to other methods
of waste treatment.  The design and operation of a fluid bed
incinerator are described and cost benefits are analyzed.
Fluid bed reactors are considered to be efficient and inexpensive
methods for the disposal of waste solids and sludge.
                          100

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C-1277-77
PURIFICATION OF OIL-CONTAINING WASTE WATER
(Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc.)  1975.
Netherlands Application 75 02,522

Wastewater treatment, Fuel oil, Hydrocarbons, Flocculation,
pH control, Patent

"Fuel oil or hydrocarbons are removed from wastewater by
flocculation by adding a thermo-setting,  water-soluble phenol-
formaldehyde  condensation product (mol. wt 120-5000) and
adjusting the pH to 7."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18}:#126795g. 1977]


C-1278-77
APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING AND ANALYZING MEDIA WITH DIFFERENT
PHASES
Muennich-Debus, H.  1976.
German Offenlegungsschriften'(unexamined patent application)
2,519,701

Oil-water separation, Design and engineering, Patent

Oil on water is separated in a tank which has a basal water
outlet and is equipped with an upper and lower oil sensor.
As the tank is filled, the rising oil-water interface arrives
at the upper sensor, the oil overflows, and the basal water
outlet opens.  When the oil layer drops to the lower sensor
level, the water outlet closes and the cycle repeats.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#142074b.  1977]


C-1279-77
SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL PROGRESS AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE SANITARY
STATE OF WATER BODIES IN THE REGIONS OF OIL-REFINING AND OIL
CHEMICAL ENTERPRISES [English summary]
Murzakaev, F. G., and A. A. Mingazetdinov.  1976.
Hygiene and Sanitation 7:7-10.
Waste oil, Petroleum products, Petrochemicals, Contamination,
Refining, Rivers, USSR
Observational data show the oil refining and oil chemical
enterprises in Bashkirya to have carried out technological,
sanitary-technical, and organizational measures to decrease
oil and oil product contamination of the Belaya River.

[from Applied Ecology Abstracts 3(3):#3D3054.  1977]
                          101

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(> 1280-77
PURIFICATION OF WASTE WATERS AT PLANTS OF THE "GROZNEFTEORGSINTEZ"
ASSOCIATION [in Russian]
Musaev, D. D., and E. F. Slyadnev.   1976.
Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel (11):5-7.

Refineries, Petrochemicals, Wastewater treatment, *Biochemical
purification

"The biochemical purification of the petroleum refining and
petrochemical  wastes was improved by reducing the amount and
improving the quality of the  separated wastewaters.  The BOD
of the purified waters was  brought to that of fresh river water."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):#95473u.  1977]
C-1281-77
SEPARATION OF OIL AND WATER
Nagata, E., H. Iwamoto, and M.  Kobayashi.   1976.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 76,111,493

Oil-water separation, Emulsions, Coalescence, Flotation, Patent,
*Magnetic powder

Emulsified oil is separated from water by stirring in magnetic
powder, permitting the powder to coalesce and float, and then
filtering the liquid through steel wool.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#126796h.   1977]


C-1282-77
PURIFICATION OF PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY WASTE WATERS [in Russian]
Nemchenko, A. G., L. M. Samoilova, 0. V.  Mamontova, E. V.
Rubinskaya, and V. L. Vainer.  1976.
Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel (ll):23-26.

Wastewater treatment, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Petrochemicals,
Absorption

Desorption-absorption was used to remove aromatic hydrocarbons
from the wastewater.  Biological treatment, ozonation, and
reverse osmosis were used to destroy or remove other organic
and inorganic contaminants.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):#95479a.   1977]
                          102

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C-1283-77
COMPOSITION FOR THE REMOVAL OF PETROLEUM FROM THE SURFACE OF
WATER
Nesterova, M. P., and N. M. Anufrieva.  1977.
USSR Patent 542,730
Wastewater treatment, Oil slicks, Spill recovery, Absorption,
Patent, *Polyurethane
Floating oil can be removed from the surface of water by a
composition containing 97.5-99.0% by weight polyurethane and
1.0-2.5% by weight Et3N.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#145324u.  1977]
C-1284-77
DETERMINATION OF PETROCHEMICAL PRODUCTS IN WASTE WATERS
[English summary]
Novak, J., and I. Viden.  1976.
Sbornik Vysoke Skoly Chemicko - Technologicke v Praze,
Technologie Paliv 033:353-366.

"Wastewater containing 20-500 mg/L petrochemical products was
filtered through a 1 x 18 cm column packed with divinyl -
styrene resin (Sinachrom E).  The adsorption capacity of the
column was CeHsN 65,cresol 207, quinoline 341, 2,6-dichloro-
phenol 402, toluene 900, xylene 1780 mg.  Elution was done with
MeOH."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#145260v.  1977]


C-1285-77
THE USE OF POLYURETHANE FOAM AS FILTER MATERIAL DURING THE
PURIFICATION OF PETROLEUM-CONTAINING WASTE WATERS,  [in Russian]
Oboznyi, V. F., I. D. Pichakhchi, and V. V. Shimkovich.  1976.
Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel (ll):26-28.

Wastewater treatment, Filtration, *Polyurethane foam

Wastewaters filtered through a 1.5 m thick bed of polyurethane
flakes (5-30 mm) at 30 m/hr reduced the petroleum contents from
100-500 mg/1 to 5-25 mg/1.  The filtered water contained 3-18 mg
colloidal and dissolved petroleum products per liter.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#110751d.  1977]
                          103

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C-1286-77
EXAMINATION OF OIL-CONTAINING WASTE WATERS CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
AFTER THEIR TREATMENT IN AERATION TANKS
Panova, V. A., N. S. Goryachev, and Yu. Yu.  Lur'e.   1975.
USA/USSR Symposium on Physical-Chemical Treatment [of Waste
Waters] from Municipal and Industrial Sources [Papers], Taft
Center, Cincinnati, November 12-14, 1975.   Washington D.C.,
Environmental Protection Agency, 1975.   p.90-95.

Wastewater treatment, Chemical analysis, Hydrocarbons, Oxidation,
Toxicity, *Aeration
Analysis of wastewaters  following biological  and biochemical
treatment and aeration  was conducted.   Biologically treated
wastewater retains about 10-15% of initially present hydro-
carbons and these are mainly C>14 hydrocarbons.   Biochemical
treatment of oily wastewaters results in deep chemical changes
of hydrocarbons.  Many of these are in  the form of intermediate
products of different degrees of oxidation and are responsible
for the toxicity of such wastewaters.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(20) :#145239v.   1977]
C-1287-77
TREATMENT OF CONCENTRATED WASTE WATERS CONTAINING OIL EMULSIONS
Ponomarev, V. G., and S. B. Zakharina.  1975.
USA/USSR Symposium on Physical-Chemical Treatment [of Waste
Waters] from Municipal and Industrial Sources  [Papers], Taft
Center, Cincinnati, November, 12-14, 1975.  Washington D.C.
Environmental Protection Agency, 1975.  p.120-123.

Emulsions, Wastewater treatment, Sludge, pH control, Flotation,
Coagulation, ^Aeration

Waste emulsion is introduced into a settling tank and the pH
is adjusted to 6-7 with H2S04-  Floated oil is collected and
sludge is retained in a holding tank.  The remaining emulsion
is fed to the flotation unit for a second treatment in which
a coagulant is added.  The mixture is then aerated to satura-
tion and the floated oil foam is collected and disposed.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#145241q.  1977]
HOW TO DISPOSE OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES AND INDUSTRIAL WASTES
Powers, P. W.  1976.
Environmental Technology Handbook No. 4.  Park Ridge, New Jersey,
Noyes Data Corporation, 1976.  497p.

Disposal, Wastewater, Solid wastes, Industries, Oil industry

This book is concerned with the disposal of liquid and solid
wastes and sludges from industrial operations by such methods
                           104

-------
as incineration, dispersal into water, dumping at sea, lagooning,
landfill or tipping, and underground disposal. Among  the
various topics and industries covered are deep well disposal  of
effluents in the petrochemical industry and problems encountered
by the petroleum industry in removing oil, dissolved organic
residues and sludges during wastewater treatment processes.

[from Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(4):95.  1977]
C-1289-77
REFINERY EFFLUENT SOURCES, CONSTITUENTS AND TREATMENTS
Roberts, U. G.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.).   New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p. 191-200.  Institute of Petroleum/
Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.

Wastewaters, Refineries, Sources, Wastewater treatment,
Activated sludge, *0xidation lagoons, *Activated carbon

Pollution arising at oil refineries, in particular the effluent
water, is discussed and the sources are identified.  Wastewater
treatment techniques for pollutants are described and include
activated sludge systems, oxidation lagoons, and activated carbon
treatment.
C-1290-77
ASSESSMENT OF HAZARDOUS WASTE PRACTICES IN THE PETROLEUM
REFINING INDUSTRY
Rosenberg, D. G., R. J. Lofy, H. Cruse, E. Weisberg, and B.
Beutler.  1976.
Pasadena, CA, Jacobs Engineering Co., 1976. 369p.  PB-259 097/4WE.

Wastewater treatment, Disposal, Refineries, Chemical analysis,
Contaminants
The report is a comprehensive review of hazardous waste generation
and management practice in the petroleum refining industry.
Waste streams emanating from individual refining process sources
are characterized and described in detail.  A laboratory program
of chemical analysis was carried out to identify potentially
hazardous refinery waste constituents based on site visits and
waste stream sampling at a representative group of 16 refineries.
Oil is the principal hazardous component, followed by fluoride,
metal constituents, and phenol, cyanide and benz-a-pyrene.
Refinery waste disposal methods and waste recycling are also,
discussed.

[from Energy Review 20:23.  1977]
                           105

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C-1291-77
SEPARATION OF HYDROCARBONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
Schulze, G.  1976.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,513,353
Wastewater treatment, Oil-water separation,  Emulsions,  Oxidation,
Patent
Hydrocarbons and oil emulsions are removed from neutralized
wastewaters by aeration with a stoichiometric excess of oxidant.
Details of a sample oil-water separation  which yielded an
effluent containing 16 mg oil/1  are presented.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#78267n.  1977]
C-1292-77
REGENERATION OF FIBROUS BED COALESCERS FOR OIL-WATER SEPARATION
Shah, B., W. Langdon, and D.  Wasen.   1977.
Environmental Science and Technology 11(2):167-170.

Oil-water separation, Coalescence, Emulsions, *Fibrous bed
coalescers
The regeneration of fibrous bed coalescers  operating on
secondary oil-in-water emulsions was studied.  Glass fibers
were bound together or stabilized by application of isobutyl
methacrylate resin and were subsequently heat treated.  The
efficiency of these coalescers was close to 100% and cyclic
life was about six hours.  Steam was an efficient regenerating
agent and gave cycle lives 0.8 times that of fresh bed.
C-1293-77
USE OF OZONE FOR THE PURIFICATION AND ADDITIONAL PURIFICATION
OF PETROLEUM REFINERY WASTE WATERS [in Russian]
Sharifov, R. R.  1976.
Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i  Masel (ll):20-23.

Wastewater treatment, Refineries, *0zone aeration, *Biochemical
purification

Residual organic compounds left after biochemical purification
were further decreased by ozone aeration.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):#95478z.  1977]
                         106

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C-1294-77
WATER CONSIDERATIONS FOR ALBERTA OIL SANDS DEVELOPMENTS
Shewchuck, P. G.  1975.
Proceedings of the National Conference on Complete Water Use,
2nd, Chicago, Illinois, 1975.  p.155-158.

Tar sands, Development, Wastewater disposal, Water quality,
Canada

Water is of primary concern in the development of oil  sands
resources of Alberta.  The availability of sufficient quantities
of water, the volumes and quantities of wastewater, and the
management and environmentally safe disposal of process
wastewaters are discussed.

[from The Engineering Index Monthly 15(2):#011587.  1977]


C-1295-77
SEPARATING AGENT FOR OIL AND WATER
Shioda, H., and T. Osanai.  1976.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 76 97,589

Oil-water separation, Patent, *Polypropy1ene foam

"Polypropylene foam containing bismuth titanium oxide (BiTi03)
is used for separating oils from water."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(8):#47113e.  1977]


C-1296-77
TREATMENT OF PETROLEUM-POLLUTED WASTE WATERS IN A SYSTEM USING
HYDRAULIC ASH-AIDED AT HEATING AND POWER PLANTS [in Russian]
Shvetsova, V. P., V. A. Kopein, and Z. I. Krasnopevtseva.  1977.
Energetik (1):11-13.

Wastewater treatment, Absorption, *Coa1 ash

"The oil content in wastewaters is reduced by filtration through
the active C BALL whose sorption capacity is 0.8 - 0.9 g oil/g.
Ash from Chelyabinsk coal absorbs 0.7 - 0.8 g oil/g.  A 30
minute contact period between wastewaters containing 75-100 mg
oil/L and coal-ash hydrosol reduced the oil content in the water
to 3.2 mg/L.  The sorption capacity of the Chelyabinsk coal ash
was not diminished after 20 cycles."
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#145231m.  1977]
                          107

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C-1297-77
WASSERHAUSHALT EINER RAFFINERIE [WATER BUDGET OF A REFINERY]
[in German]
Siebert, M.  1976.H
Literaturberlchte liber Wasser, Abwasser, Luft und Feste
Abfallstoffe 24(2):134.
Refineries, Wastewater treatment, Recycling, Oil-water separation,
Sludge, West Germany

The water cycle of the Woerth,  West Germany oil refinery is
described.  All process wastewaters are partially treated and
recycled for use within the refinery.   Wastewater treatment
processes including oil and sludge separation are adequate to
meet July, 1977, EPA specifications.

[from Pollution Abstracts 8(3):#77-02496.   1977]


C-1298-77
HOW TO REMOVE POLLUTANTS AND TOXIC MATERIALS FROM AIR AND WATER
Sittig, M. (ed.).  1977.
New Jersey, Noyes Data Corporation, 1977.   621 p.

Wastewater treatment, Pollution control, Industries, Refineries,
Spill cleanup, Patent

This text provides surveys of some 500 patents dealing with
environmental control systems in the 1973 to 1976 period.
Refinery effluents are covered in detail; and oil spills,
industrial effluents, chemical pollutants, and metal toxicants
are also included.
C-1299-77
HEAVY-EMULSION OIL WASTE REDUCED FROM 2000 fO 10 PPM
Smith, A. W., and K. Robe.  1976.
Chemical Processing 39(12):62.

Wastewater treatment, Refineries,  Emulsions, Oil-water separation,
Flotation, Skimmers

A process is described for treating petroleum refinery wastewater
containing an average of 2000 ppm oil and reducing residual oil
to 10 ppm.  The process includes air flotation, an oil-water
separator box, surface skimming and chemical treatment.

[from Pollution Abstracts 8(2):#77-01493.  1977]
                           108

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C-1300-77
THE USE OF MODIFIED FORMS OF PEAT AS AN OIL COALESCER
Smith, E. F., and H. B. Mark. Jr.  1977.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health 11A(12):727-734.

Wastewater treatment, Oil-water separation, Emulsions, Bilges,
Coalescence, *Peat

Dried and sulfuric acid-treated peat was shown to effectively
remove ± 90% of oil in + 250 ppm oil-in-water emulsions.   The
coalescence capability of peat matched that of XAD-2 polystyrene
beads.  Cartridges of peat could be useful in shipboard bilge-
water filtration as they are less susceptible to plugging by
solids and are very inexpensive.

[from Pollution Abstracts 8(3):#77-02423.  1977]


C-1301-77
ACID PRETREATMENT OF PETROLEUM SLUDGES FORMING DURING FLOTATION
OF PETROLEUM REFINERY WASTE WATER [in Russian]
Sokolov, V., L. Chikunova, and G. Molchanov.   1976.
Neftyanik (9):21.

Wastewater treatment, Refineries, Sludge, *Acid pretreatment

Petroleum sludge was allowed to settle for 2-4 hours, then
acidified to pH 1.25-2.85 with H2S04-  This procedure removes
the petroleum and other impurities from the sludge  and
greatly decreases the volume of the sludge.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#126628e.  1977]


C-l302-77
ELECTROFLOTATION METHOD FOR OIL REMOVAL FROM INDUSTRIAL
EFFLUENTS [in Polish]
Stelmach, K., and K. Wisniewski. 1976.
Metochy Fyzikochemiczne Oczyzczania Wod i Sciekow Referaty z
Konferencji Naukowo Technicznej Lublin (2):126-132.

Wastewater treatment, *Electroflotation, Oil-water separation,
Coagulation
Electroflotation, along with simultaneous electrocoagulation
in two electrolyzers, was used to achieve an oil removal  of
93-95%.  Current intensity used in the processes affected the
treatment.  Used alone, the treatment resulted in an effluent
with an oil content of 10 mg/dm3.  When used in conjunction
with filtration and flocculation, the treatment resulted in
an oil content of 0.7 mg/dm3.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#110842j.  1977]
                         109

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C-1303-77
REMOVING OIL FROM OILY WASTE WATER STREAMS
Vadekar, M., and H.  S. Wilson.
U.S. Patent 4,008,160
Wastewater treatment, Oil-water separation,  Emulsions,
Refineries,  Patent,  *Polyvinyl  chloride
Oily wastewaters, especially stable emulsions from refineries,
are effectively treated by passing the stream over a particulate
bed of unprocessed polyvinyl chloride.  In an example,  refinery
wastewaters containing 1250 ppm highly olefinic emulsified oil
were passed through  polyvinyl chloride, removing > 99%  of the
oil as compared to 60% using activated carbon.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#145331u.  1977]


C-1304-77
COMPUTER SUPERVISION OF USED OIL EMISSION  [in German]
Weber, H.  1975.
Zeitschrift Binnenschiffahrt Wasserstr.  102(9):331-332.

Waste oil disposal,  Bilges, Monitoring, Tankers, Rhine  River,
*Computer surveillance
A computer-assisted  surveillance program is  keeping track of
all waste oil handed over to special waste oil  collection
tankers deployed on  the Rhine and neighboring canals.  The
tankers are equipped with oil-water separators for processing
used oil and bilges.  Data on frequency and quantity of oil
collected by each of the tankers from each ship is available
to the appropriate supervisory agencies.

[from Environmental  Health and Pollution Control 11(1):#71.  1977]
C-1305-77
HANDLING DISCHARGES FROM WASTE OIL PROCESSING, PART 2
Weinstein, N. J., and R. M. Wolfertz.  1976.
Industrial Wastes (Chicago) 22(6):26-30.
Waste oil, Recycling, Oil-water separation, Disposal, Sludge
Wastewaters from a re-refining facility and a marine waste oil
processing plant were sampled and analyzed to determine possible
pollution problems of waste oil recycling.  The oil-water
separation units and oil recovery systems are described, and
the disposal of acid sludge from re-refining is discussed.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#110795w.  1977]
                           110

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    C-1306-77
    SEPARATION OF WATER-OIL EMULSIONS
    Wilms, H.  1976.
    German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
    2,503,350

    Wastewater treatment, Emulsions, Oil-water separation,  pH  control,
    Flotation, Patent
    Oil-in-water emulsions are broken by introducing the emulsion
    into a tank where pH is controlled and an emulsion-breaking
    reagent is added.  Bubbling air through the tank separates oil
    at the top and it is removed from the surface with rotating
    disk devices.

    [from Chemical Abstracts 86(8):#47102a.  1977]


    C-1307-77
    USE OF ELECTRIC STEEL-MELTING SLAGS FOR TREATMENT OF ACIDIC
    AND OIL CONTAINING WASTE WATERS [in Russian]
    Yuzhaninov, A. G., A. N. Lapkin, and Yu. V. Lapkina.  1976.
    Trudy UraVskogo Nauchno-Issledovatel'skogo Instituta Chernykh
    Metallov 25:146-150.
    Wastewater treatment, Absorption, Filtration, *Powdered steel-
    melting slag.

    Powdered slag absorbs oil at the rate 0.8-1.1 g/g.  Under
    laboratory conditions oil content in wastewater was reduced
    from 500 to 8-10 mg/1 using powdered slag.  The slag containing
    absorbed oil is easily filtered.

    [from Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#!45230k.  1977]
6.  RECLAMATION AND REUSE
    C-1308-77
    DATA SHEET FEATURES OIL RECLAMATION SYSTEMS (product information)
    Anon.  1977.
    Hydrocarbon Processing 56(2):178.
    Reclamation, Waste oil, Industries, Design and engineering

    A new data sheet presents applications and design features of
    1100 1/hr and 2300 1/hr (300 and 600 gal/hr) oil reclamation
    systems built to cycle a wide range of industrial oils.   The
    information sheet which features the Petro Clar PI-1010 Series
    oil  reclamation systems is available from Velcon Filters Inc.,
    1750 Rogers Ave., San Jose, CA  95112.
                              Ill

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C-1309-77
VOL. 5 ENERGY FROM SOLID WASTES
Cheremisinoff, P. N., and A. C. Morresi.  1976.
Pollution Engineering and Technology.  R. A.  Young and P.  N.
Cheremisinoff (eds.).  New York, Marcel Dekker,  Inc., 1976.
520p.
Waste oil treatment, Solid wastes, *Energy sources

The use of solid waste products as a source of energy is
described  with reference to successful recovery systems
presently in use in Europe, North America, and Japan.  Energy
from waste oil is discussed in the chapter entitled "Waste Oil
Availability and Treatment Processes."
[from Marcel Dekker, Inc., publications announcement brochure.
1977]
C-1310-77
TREATMENT OF WASTE LUBRICATING OIL USING BERC/ERDA SOLVENT
Corlew, J. S., and R. J. Sluski.  1976.
Report, BERC/RI-76/11, Contract PO-BE-76-P-1601.   47p.
Waste oil treatment, Lubricating oil, Reclamation, *BERC/ERDA
solvent

From data obtained in laboratory studies, a quality rerefined
oil can be produced via BERC/ERDA solvent extraction and clay
treatment.  Yields of 75% water-distillate-free oil were
produced in pilot plant operations.  The BERC/ERDA system
produces a marketable sludge.

[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(5):#9094.   1977]


C-1311-77
RECLAIMING LUBE OILS
Friel, J. P., and P. L. Hammond.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,985,642

Reclamation, Lubricating oil, Surfactants, Patent

A process for reclaiming spent lubricating oil is described
which consists of treating the oil with 0.1-2% anionic
surfactant, such as NH4 dodecylbenzenesulfonate,in combination
with a polyalkylenepolyamine.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(20):#142716n.  1977]
                        112

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C-1312-77
NEW PROCESS FOR REREFINING OF WASTE LUBRICATING OILS
Goossens, A. G., R. F. Westerduin, and A. J. Suchanek.   1976.
Erdoel,  Kohle, Erdgas, Petrochemie 29(9):419.

Waste oils, Lubricating oil, Reclamation, *Rerefining process

Waste lubricating oils are rerefined by a process which includes
the removal of water and light fractions from the oil,  vacuum
distillation, and fixed-catalyst-bed hydrofinishing of the oil
distillates obtained.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#124014c.  1977]


C-1313-77
REGENERATION OF WASTE LUBRICATING OIL
Hara, K.  1976.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 76,125,402

Waste oil, Lubricating oil, Reclamation, Filtration, Patent

Waste lubricating oils are regenerated by admixing urea (or
aluminum), heating to above 140°C (or 100°C),then filtering and
precipitating to remove suspended materials.  Decolorization
and deodorization are effected by conventional methods.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#75739g.  1977]


C-1314-77
PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF MEMBRANE TECHNIQUES OF WASTE OIL
TREATMENT
Hockenberry, H. R., and J. E. Lieser.  1976.
Annual ASLE Meeting, Philadelphia, 1976.  Paper 76-AM-2B-2.
5p.  Preprint.

Wastewater treatment, Waste oil, Reclamation, Reuse, Fuel oil,
*Membrane techniques
As a means of recovering more oil for in-plant reuse, methods
for improved treatment of oily wastewaters were studied.
Ultra-filtration and reverse osmosis were found to recover
oils cleaner than those recovered through a typical chemical
system.  The recovered oil is used as a supplementary burner
fuel. Additional possibilities for in-plant reuse of the oil
are being studied.
[from The Engineering Index Monthly 15(3):#017914.  1977]
                           113

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C-1315-77
OIL CHANGE:  A REPORT ON RECYCLING USED SUMP OIL IN BRITAIN
Mackewn, J.  1976.
London, England, Friends of the Earth, Ltd., 1976.   28p.

Waste oil, Lubricating oil, Recycling, England

Between 19 to 76 million  liters (5 to 20 million gallons)  of
waste lubricating oils are estimated to be dumped by motorists
in Great Britain each year.  Current practices, legislation,  and
issues related to the recycling of oil in England are reviewed
and a proposal for generating public interest in the recycling
of waste oil is outlined.

[from Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis 3(2):#531.  1977]


C-1316-77
OIL CONSERVATION AND RECLAMATION
Majer, D. J.  1976.
Chemical Engineer  No.315:757-759,764.

Waste oil, Reclamation, Conservation, Economic effects, Environ-
mental effects, UK

Waste oil reclamation and reuse processes are discussed in  light
of the ecological and economic considerations of the United
Kingdom and other nations.  The coalescer method and vacuum
process are given as means of handling oily sludges, waste
emulsions, and oily water wastes.  Government  influence and
control are recommended for further reducing oil waste.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(9):#W77-04455.   1977]
C-1317-77
RE-REFINING OF WASTE LUBRICATION OIL:  FEDERAL PERSPECTIVE
McEwen, L. B., Jr.  1976.
Resource Recovery and Energy Review 3(6):14-17.
Waste oil, Refining, Lubricating oil, Reclamation, Reuse,
Government agencies
The development of the U.S. waste oil re-refining industry is
reviewed from 1915 to the present, and reasons for the decline
of the industry since 1960 are noted.  Renewed interest in
waste oil recovery has occurred in the last few years because
of environmental and conservation factors.  Several federal
agencies, among them EPA, ERDA, and FEA, are all introducing
new programs directed at the reclamation and reuse of waste
oil.
[from Pollution Abstracts 8(2):#77-01608.  1977]
                          114

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C-1318-77
OIL CONTAMINATED WATER RECYCLING SYSTEM
Overfield, J. L., and J. W. Richard.  1976.
Water and Wastewater Equipment Manufacturers Association Annual
Industrial Pollution Control Conference, 4th, Houston, 1976.
p.48-57.

Wastewater treatment, Recycling, Oil-water separation, Design
and engineering
A recycling system consisting of a filter-coalescer with auto-
matic backflush, a solids cleaner, and accessories to remove
oil from contaminated water to less than 10 ppm is described.
[from Environment  Abstracts 7(1):#77-00641.  1977]
C-1319-77
REGENERATION OF WASTE LUBRICATING OIL
Ueda, S.  1976.
Japanese Kokai (unexamined patent application) 76 134,701

Waste oil treatment, Lubricating oil, Reclamation, Surfactants,
Flocculation, Precipitation, Patent
Particulate impurities are removed from waste lubricating  oil
by a process which involves admixing 0.2-10% of an anionic,
nonionic, cationic and/or amphoteric surfactant to the waste
oil, followed by agitation and ultrasonic treatment of 25-30 kHz.
This treatment results in flocculation and precipitation of
impurities.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(14):#92979c.  1977]
C-1320-77
REFINING OF WASTE LUBE OIL TO PREPARE USABLE LUBESTOCK
Wolk, R. H.  1976.
U.S. Patent 3,980,551
Waste oil, Lubricating oil, Reclamation, Refining, Patent
Waste lubricating oils from automobile engines are reclaimed
by catalytic demetallization and hydrogenation in an ebullated
bed process.  The liquid effluent from this process is then
vacuum distilled to produce a clean lubestock and a heavy
residue containing sludge and heavy metals.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(16):#109040g.  1977]
                           115

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7.   PERSONNEL TRAINING AND EDUCATION


    C-1321-77
    NATION'S FIRST UNIVERSITY-RUN SPILL CONTROL SCHOOL UNDERWAY
    Anon.  1975.
    The University and the Sea 8(2):6-7.

    Oil spills, Pollution control, Personnel  training, *Spill
    control school
    Summary not available.
    [from Sea Grant Newsletter Index 1975:#TAMU-Zl-75-011.   1976]
8.  CONTINGENCY PLANNING


    C-1322-77
    ORGANIZATION NECESSARY FOR MINIMIZING THE DAMAGING EFFECTS  OF A
    MAJOR OIL SPILL
    Alberts, D. A., Sr.   1976.
    Water and Wastewater Equipment Manufacturers Association Annual
    Industrial Pollution Control  Conference, 4th, Houston,  1976.
    p.1-24.
    Contingency planning, Oil  spills, Pollution prevention,  Liability,
    *Legal responsibilities

    A company-wide contingency plan which will  be sufficient for
    major oil spills and can be adapted to any  major catastrophe
    is presented, and organizational requirements and their imple-
    mentation are described.  Job descriptions  of key personnel,
    basic requirements of an oil  spill response plan, and legal
    responsibilities are discussed.

    [from Environment Abstracts 7(1):#77-00340.  1977]


    C-1323-77
    OIL SPILL CLEANUP -  WHAT ARE THE CAPABILITIES
    Kendrick, P. J.  1977.
    Journal Water Pollution Control Federation  49(5):733-744.

    Contingency planning, Spill cleanup, Government agencies,
    Industries, *0il spill cooperatives

    The rash of oil and hazardous material spills in recent years has
    provided the stimulus needed to enact national oil spill contin-
    gency plans in the U.S., Canada and Great Britain; these programs
    are briefly reviewed.  Industry oil spill cooperatives, and
    examples of private  companies specializing  in spill cleanup and
    related environmental protection services are also discussed.
                               116

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    C-1324-77
    OIL  AND HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES POLLUTION CONTINGENCY  PLAN
    Young,  J.  1976.
    Report  LBL-5317,  Contract W-7405-eng-48.   12p.

    Contingency planning, Oil discharges, Legislation,  U.S., Spill
    cleanup, Surveillance, Design and engineering
    "LBL (Lawrence Berkeley Lab) policy  and procedures are given
    for implementing  the federal water pollution policy (FWPCA 311
    (b)(l)) that forbids discharge of oil or hazardous  substance
    into or upon navigable waters of the U.S.  Design, surveillance
    and clean-up procedures are given for both on-site  and off-
    site spills."

    [from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(2):#3879.  .1977]
9.  PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES


    C-1325-77
    CRUDE OIL AND POLLUTION [English summary]
    Anon.  1976.
    Revue Maritime 312:275-291.
    Pollution prevention, Crude oil, Spill cleanup,  France,
    *POLMAR plan
    The methods and preventive measures of fighting  oil  spills  are
    reviewed and the responsible organization in France,  POLMAR
    plan, is described   A recent oil spill and the  characteristics
    of cleanup methods used are detailed.

    [from Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts 6(12):#6Q13493.
    1977]


    C-1326-77
    NO-LEAK STERN TUBE GLAND
    Anon.  1976.
    Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering International 99(1201):450.

    Leakage, Ships, Pollution prevention, *Stern gear system

    The Glacier-Pilgrim Coastguard stern-gear system is a fail  safe
    sealing system with separate seals for seawater and oil; leakage
    from either is freely drained inboard to the bilge or a slop
    tank.  Tests of the ability of the seal to withstand a catastrophic
    leak are described.
    [from Oceanic Abstracts 14(2):#77-01675.  1977]
                                117

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C-1327-77
AN OIL SPILL LIABILITY BILL (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Massachusetts Audubon 16(6) :9.

Oil spills, Liability, Pollution prevention,  Spill  cleanup,
Compensation, Congressional  bill
An oil spill liability bill has been re-introduced  in Congress
to provide an incentive for the prevention of oil spills,  to
guarantee the rapid cleanup of spills, and to allow prompt
compensation to those damaged by a spill.


C-1328-77
RISERLESS SHALLOW BLOWOUT-CONTROL METHOD IS SAFE AND EFFECTIVE
Beall, J.  1976.
Oil and Gas Journal 74(31):!25-129.

Offshore drilling, Blowout prevention, *Riserless drilling method

A safe, effective method for controlling shallow offshore  blowouts
features riserless drilling and uses seawater hydrostatic  pressure
to assist in well control.  Reacting to and controlling a  blowout
situation are described and illustrated.

[from Offshore Abstracts 3(6):#76-2122.  1976]


C-1329-77
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN NORTH SEA EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION
OPERATIONS
Blaikley, D. R.  1977.
Marine Policy 1(2):143-155.

Crude oil, Fate, Environmental  effects, Pollution  prevention,
Offshore drilling, Oil transport, Spill cleanup, North Sea

The article begins with a general review of the fate and ecological
effects of crude oil spilled in the marine environment with
reference to North Sea conditions.  An overview of  pollution
prevention and control measures during offshore oil development
and production operations follows.  Included are precautionary
measures during exploratory and production drilling, blowout
prevention and control, and crude oil transport by  pipelines and
tankers.  Problems of spill cleanup and containment in the North
Sea environment are outlined.
                           118

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C-1330-77
EXPERIENCE WITH TANKER DEBALLASTING MONITORING SYSTEMS
deVial, R. M., and R. V. Yates.  1976.
International Ship Operation Automation Symposium, 2nd,
Washington, D.C., 1976.  New York, North Holland Publishing
Co., 1976.  Vol. 5.  p.425-431.

Monitoring, Oil discharges, Tankers, Pollution control, IMCO,
Regulations, *Bailey Monitor Program

Growing concern by industry and government over the pollution
of the marine environment by oil led to a succession of resolutions
by the IMCO to restrict and control the location and long term
effect of routine discharges from tankers.  Significant events
since 1954 are listed and discussed together with key events in
the Bailey Monitor program.

[from MRIS Abstracts 14:114 141333.  1976]
C-1331-77
OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION
Environmental Protection Agency.  1976.
Federal Register 41(60):12657-12658.

Pollution prevention, Oil discharges, Regulations, EPA, Contingency
planning, Drilling, *Navigable waters

Amendments to the Environmental Protection Agency's regulations
governing oil pollution prevention are reported.  Facilities
which might discharge oil in harmful quantities into navigable
waters must prepare a Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasure
(SPCC) plan, with special procedures for mobile or portable
onshore or offshore drilling rigs.  These regulations do not
apply to vessels or transportation facilities subject to the
control of the Department of Transportation.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(9):#W77-04367.  1977]
C-1332-77
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ASSESSMENT ON SAFETY AND POLLUTION
CONTROL FOR OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OPERATIONS
Funke, M. F., and B. A. Weber.  1976.
Final report, HDL-TR-1780.  52p.
Offshore drilling, Oil transport, Pollution prevention, Oil
wells, Safety, OCS, Health hazards
An investigation has been made of the research, development, and
data gathering that would provide some of the tools to be used
to increase safety and decrease pollution hazards associated with
offshore oil and gas exploration and production.  Methods have
been identified for reducing dangers (fire and explosion,
                            119

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asphyxiation, blowout, pollution, and unsafe rig conditions)  to
which workers and structures are exposed during drilling, produc-
tion, and transportation operations.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(7):#AD-A034 727/8GA.
1977]
C-1333-77
SPECIAL VEHICLES FOR SUPPORT OPERATIONS AND FIRE CONTROL WORK
IN THE NORTH SEA
Haavie, T.  1976.
Offshore North Sea Technology Conference, Stavanger, Norway,
1976.  Stavanger, Norway, NOROIL Publishing House, 1976.  Safety
and Environmental Protection Section, Paper S-lll/6.  24p.  Summary.

Offshore development, Pollution prevention, Oil spills, North
Sea, *Support systems

Specialized materials and vehicles necessary in the support of
various phases of offshore oil activity and accident prevention
are outlined.  The need for effective oil spill control and
recovery systems is mentioned.
C-1334-77
ACOUSTIC METHOD FOR DETECTING LEAKS FROM SUBMERGED PIPELINES
Holland, W. E., and G. R. Burrell.   1977.
U.S. Patent 4,001,764

Leakage, Pipelines, Detection, Patent, *Acoustic leak detection

A sonar device directs acoustic waves along the path of a
submerged pipeline, and the reflected waves are detected and
recorded.  The location of escaping liquid is then determined
from the recorded reflected acoustic waves, the difference in
these waves resulting from the difference in acoustic impedances
between the escaping liquid and seawater.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(18):#233,070.  1977]
C-l335-77
ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY:  INDUSTRY
Jagger, H.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution, J. M. Baker (ed.).  New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.5-8.  Institute of Petroleum/Field
Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975,

Oil industry, Environmental effects, Legislation, UK, Monitoring,
Oil spills, Wastewaters

A responsible approach by the British oil industry and environ-
mental legislation have successfully minimized environmental
                           120

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damage despite the industry's rapid growth.  Monitoring of
liquid effluents and oil spills has kept environmental damage
to a minimum.  Studies on the quality of oil industry products
have also proved important.
C-1336-77
OIL SPILL COUNTERMEASURES FOR THE SOUTHERN BEAUFORT SEA
Logan, W. J., D. E. Thornton and S. L. Ross.  1975.
Canada Department of the Environment, Beaufort Sea Project
technical report, No. 31a.  126p.

Spill cleanup, Oil wells, Pollution control, Disposal,
Restoration, Beaches, Beaufort Sea

The feasibilities and limitation of controlling and cleaning
up oil spillage in the Beaufort Sea resulting from an oil well
blowout are analyzed.  The Beaufort Sea environment is characterized
and behavior of a blowout is considered.  An assessment of presently
available oil containment, removal and disposal techniques indicates
that some counter-measures could be employed in waters with less than
10% ice concentration and in sea conditions up to Beaufort 3.   No
viable techniques are available for most ice conditions, and
cleanup and restoration of contaminated shorelines are limited to
sand and gravel beaches.
C-1337-77
OIL SPILL COUNTERMEASURES  FOR THE BEAUFORT SEA:  APPENDIX
Logan, W. J., D. E.Thornton, and S. L. Ross.  1976.
Canada Department of the Environment, Beaufort Sea Project
technical report, No.  31b.
Spill cleanup. Pollution control, Detection, Monitoring, Disposal,
Beaufort Sea, *Equipment evaluation
This reports presents  technical data in support of information
presented in the Beaufort  Sea Project technical report 31 a, a
study of oil spill countermeasures applicable to the Beaufort
Sea.  Specifications and performance evaluations for oil detection,
monitoring, containment, cleanup, recovery and disposal procedures
and equipment are detailed and conceptual techniques are outlined.
                            121

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C-1338-77
BASIC TRENDS AND TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS IN THE PREVENTION OF WATER
AND ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION BY REFINERIES AND PETROCHEMICAL WORKS
[English summary]
Orlow, D. I.  1976.
Przemysl Chemiczny 55(9):454-458.
Refineries, Petrochemicals, Pollution prevention, Fuels, Waste-
water treatment
"A review,without references,  of 2 basic treands, i.e., the use
of higher quality fuels and the improvement of the technology of
waste purification."
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#78141s.  1977]


C-1339-77
TWO CASE STUDIES OF THE PRACTICAL ENFORCEMENT OF POLLUTION
STANDARDS IN HARBOURS:  ROTTERDAM EUROPOORT
Peters, H. T. J.  1976.
Environmental Law:  International  and Comparative Aspects:
A Symposium.  J. Nowak (ed.).  London, British Institute of
International and Comparative Law, 1976.  p.114-132.
Legislation, Pollution control, Law enforcement, Harbors,
Tankers, Water quality, Netherlands
Dutch legislation governing water pollution is reviewed and
international influences on water quality management are
considered.  Eighteen cleaning vessels of several hundred
tons capacity each are available for cleaning tanks of tankers
entering the harbors.  Certain chemical slops and residues must
be brought ashore for treatment.   The quantity of slops could
be reduced by structural modifications to the ships, improved
cleaning techniques, and introduction of special tanks for
certain bulk chemicals.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1):#77-00980.  1977]


C-l340-77
ARCTIC MARINE OIL SPILL PROGRAM (AMOP)
Ross, S. L.  1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(1):23-30.

Spill cleanup, Disposal, Behavior, Detection, Arctic, *Arctic
Marine Oil Spill Program

The Canadian Government has recently approved and funded  the
Arctic Marine Oil Spill Program (AMOP), a five-year technology
program to develop oil spill countermeasures for arctic waters.
This article describes the AMOP management  structure and  outlines
AMOP responsibilities and research and  development objectives.
                           122

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A tentative list of 20 planned AMOP projects includes studies
on the effects and behavior of spilled oil and evaluation of
oil spill detection, monitoring, cleanup and disposal methods
and equipment.
C-1341-77
FREEWAY STORM RUNOFF WILL BE CLARIFIED
Rothstein, M.  1975.
Public Works 106(11):65.

Pollution prevention, Wastewater treatment, Michigan, *Freeway
runoff

A 26 km section of  Interstate 696 in Michigan is prepared to
collect and treat all runoff before it enters Lake St. Clair.
A  240 m settling and skimming chamber will prevent silt, debris,
oil droppings and spills from entering and polluting the lake.
Operation of the treatment chamber is detailed.

[from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(!):#!45.
1977]
 C-l342^77
 ANTIPOLLUTION TECHNOLOGIES IN PETROLEUM REFINING AND PREPARATION
 [English summary]
 Shibusawa,  Y.   1975.
 Nenryo-Kyokai-Shi  54(9) :723-729.

 Pollution prevention,  Refining, Oil transport, Oil spills,
 Environmental effects, Oil industry
 A  review is given  of the  9th World Petroleum Conference in which
 20 papers on pollution prevention in oil refining, transport, and
 usage were  presented.  The articles were divided into four
 categories: (1) environmental protection in petroleum industries,
 (2)  oil spills  and their  effects on marine environments, (3) desul-
 furization  of oil  and  natural gas, and (4) exhaust emission controls.

 [from Chemical  Abstracts  86(20):#144781d.  1977]
 C-1343-77
 FIGHTING POLLUTION
 Siemens, A.  H.   1977.
 Marine  Policy  1(1):70-71.
 Pollution  prevention,  Law  enforcement,  Spill  cleanup, Surveillance,
 Source  identification, USCG
 The  rapidly  expanding  areas of U.S.  Coast  Guard  responsibility
 related to marine pollution prevention  and environmental protection
 are  discussed.   A brief overview is  presented of USCG programs for
 oil  spill  detection, surveillance, spill cleanup,  identification,
 and  regulation  enforcement.

                             123

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C-1344-77
OIL SPILL RESPONSE TRAILER (product information)
Slickbar, Inc.  n.d.
Slickbar, Inc., Saugatuck Station, Westport, CT  06880

Spill cleanup, Pollution control, Booms, Skimmers

A mobile oil spill response trailer is described  which contains
and readily deploys equipment necessary for the control  and
cleanup of spills.  Among the equipment are 300 m of spill
containment booms, a 4.3 m work boat, a skimmer and pumping
system, and a portable holding tank for 11,000 1  of recovered
oil.
C-1345-77
EQUIPMENT UPDATE
Solsberg, L.  1977.
Spill Technology Newsletter 2(1}:;8-10.

Pollution control, Spill recovery, Skimmers, Canada,  *Equipment
testing

The Environmental Emergency Branch of the Canada Environmental
Protection Service is sponsoring a testing and evaluation
program for spill control equipment.   Included are evaluations
of the following:  a heater system for the Oil Mop Mark II-9D
Skimmer which handles high viscosity oil  products; the performance
of twenty different sorbent products; the suitability of pumps
for handling viscous fluids and "trash";  and the effectiveness  of
several commercially available oil skimmer systems under arctic
conditions.
C-1346-77
TWO CASE STUDIES OF THE PRACTICAL ENFORCEMENT OF POLLUTION
STANDARDS IN HARBOURS:  MILFORD HAVEN
Sullivan, J. A.  1976.
Environmental Law:  International and Comparative Aspects:
A Symposium.  J. Nowak (ed.).  London, British Institute of
International and Comparative Law, 1976.  p.137-144.

Oil spills, Harbors, Pollution control, Ships, Law enforcement,
UK, *Milford Haven

Statistical information on oil spills in Milford Haven, Britain's
largest oil port, is reported.  The legal difficulties in control-
ling polluting ships entering United Kingdom ports are discussed.
The cooperation of five major international oil companies with
pollution control in Milford Haven has minimized the necessity
for legal measures.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1):#77-00981.  1977]
                           124

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C-1347-77
JANE'S OCEAN TECHNOLOGY
Trillo, R. L. (ed.).  1976.
New York, Franklin Watts, Inc., 1976.  680p.

Offshore development, Oil spills, Design and engineering,
Regulations, Safety, Information systems, *0cean technology

This information source outlines underwater,surface,  and air
systems equipment and techniques used in offshore operations.
Topics covered include oil spills, subsea safety regulations
and  insurance factors, underwater processing operations, and
others.
                         125

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C.   EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION

    1.   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS


        C-1348-77
        LIGHT INTENSITY AND PRIMARY  PRODUCTIVITY  UNDER SEA  ICE  CONTAINING
        OIL
        Adams, W. A.   1975.
        Canada Department of  the Environment,  Beaufort Sea  Project
        technical report, No.  29.   156p.

        Ice, Phytoplankton, Algae,  *Primary  productivity, *0il-under-ice,
        Beaufort Sea

        Results are reported  of an  experimental field study and laboratory
        analysis of the effects of  oil  entrapped  under ice  upon algal
        primary productivity  and light  levels.  Although  light  levels
        under the oiled ice were about  50% lower  than in  control  areas,
        primary productivity,  as measured by 14c  uptake,  and diversity
        and abundance of phytoplankton  species were  all slightly higher
        than in control areas.  Minor differences  in  salinity, temperature,
        and chemistry of the  water  under  the oiled area were also noted.
        The effects of burning off  the  contaminant oil are  reported;
        airborne particulates  contaminated a wide area, speeded up  surface
        melting of ice, and resulted in a dense growth of blue-green and
        macrophytic algae in  surface pools.


        C-1349-77
        EFFECTS OF THE DELAWARE RIVER ESTUARY  OF  THE CORINTHOS  OIL  SPILL
        AT MARCUS HOOK ON JANUARY 31, 1975
        Ahlert, R. C., W. Clement,  H. H.  Haskin,  J.  V. Hunter,  and  A.
        Sheier.  1975.
        Staff report, NSF/RA/E-75/193;  Grant NSF-G42282.   15p.

        Oil spills, Estuaries, Delaware River, Toxicity,  Fish,  *Corinthos
        spill

        Data collected subsequent to the  Corinthos oil spill did not
        indicate any  96 hr fish toxicity  in  the adjacent  waters either
        immediately or 60 hrs  after the spill. Thus, whatever  effects
        that existed  seem mainly to be  concentrated  in the  vicinity of
        the spill and disappeared rapidly thereafter.

        [from Government Reports Announcements 77(9):#PB-262 734/7GA.
        1977]
                                   126

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C-1350-77
A DESCRIPTION AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING
THE PROCESSES OF PRODUCTION IN THE GULF OF ALASKA
Anderson, G. C., R. K. Lam, and B. Booth.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 6.  p.35-58.
Biological effects, Offshore development, Oil spills, Primary
production, Food web, Gulf of Alaska, Baseline studies
The primary production levels of the pelagic ecosystem in the
Gulf of Alaska were investigated to determine the short term
effects of oil spills and the long term effects of petroleum
development on the food web.  Results of this baseline study
can be used to  (1) compare conditions after petroleum develop-
ment with the natural range of values in the pelagic ecosystem
and (2) predict the types of modifications which may result due
to a large scale oil spill.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01844.   1977]
C-1351-77
OIL BIOASSAYS WITH THE AMERICAN OYSTER, CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA
(GMELIN)
Anderson, R. D., and J. W. Anderson.  1976.
Report, NOAA-77010621; Grant NOAA-04-3-158-18.  8p.  Proceedings
of the National Shellfisheries Association.  Vol. 65: p.38-42.
Dispersions, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Toxicity, Mollusks, *0yster,
*Crassostrea virgi'nica
The oysters were exposed to oil-water dispersions of two crude
and two partially refined petroleum hydrocarbons and a reference
toxin.  No. 2 fuel oil and Venezuela bunker C oil were found to
be more toxic than the two crude oils tested, South Louisiana
and Kuwait.  Oysters demonstrated greater resistance to test
oils than to the reference toxin, dodecyl sodium sulfate.  Valve
closure by oysters made it difficult to determine percent
mortality data  in 96 hr or extended time studies.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(9) :#PB-263 850/OGA.
1977]
C-1352-77
No title given  (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Chemical and Engineering News 55(11):20.
Natural seepage, Chronic effects, Marine organisms, Hydrocarbons,
Santa Barbara Channel
A study of the  sublethal effects of natural chronic exposure of
marine organisms to  oil seeps  from the Santa Barbara

                            127

-------
Channel revealed  no evidence of malformations  or change in total
biomass.  However, petroleum hydrocarbons were  found in  sea
urchins, mussels, and in the viscera of abalone and lobster.
C-1353-77
DATA SHOWS CRUDE OIL LEAVES NO SIDE EFFECTS (news  brief)
Anon.  1977.
Offshore 38(5):352.

Crude oil, Marine organisms, Biological  effects, Platforms,
Natural seepage, Chronic effects, API
A recent summarization of API-sponsored  research concludes
that crude oil from offshore platforms or natural  seeps  appears
not to effect population levels and diversity of marine  life
and has negligible effects on growth or  reproduction of  marine
organisms.  The contaminated organisms seem to rapidly purge
themselves once exposure has been terminated; and no abnormal
growths or tumors are reported from organisms inhabiting areas
under or near platforms or natural seeps.
C-1354-77
TOXIC REFLECTIONS ON AN OIL SPILL (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Science News 111(20):311.

Oil spills, Fuel oil, Toxicity, Microorganisms, Yeasts, *Ultra-
violet light exposure

Fuel oil experimentally exposed to summertime levels of ultra-
violet light was found to produce highly toxic peroxides and
acidic compounds by photooxidation.  Toxicity to microorganisms
such as yeasts reached a maximum within 24 hours.  If applied
during the first 24 hours of the oil's exposure to light, a
mildly reducing agent called thiacyclohexane was found to
markedly suppress the toxicity of the spill.
C-1355-77
WORLD WAR II EAST1COAST OIL SPILLS DID LITTLE HARM
Anon.  1977.
Sea Technology 18(4):45-46.

Oil spills, Environmental effects, Shorelines, Atlantic coast,
*World War II spills

During World War II, especially between January and June of 1942,
20 times as much oil was spilled from tankers sunk by German
submarines as from the "Argo Merchant" which split apart in
December, 1976, off Cape Cod.  Conclusions drawn by researchers
at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology who analyzed the
spills and evaluated historical and present-day effects on
shoreline .ecology revealed that these spills caused no apparent
long term damage.
                           128

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C-1356-77
RESPONSES OF THE LICHENS PELTIGERA APHTHOSA AND CETRARIA
NIVALIS AND THE ALGA NOSTOC COMMUNE TO SULFUR DIOXIDE, NATURAL
GAS, AND CRUDE OIL IN ARCTIC ALASKA
Atlas, R. M., and E. Schofield.  1975.
Astarte 8(2)-.53-60.

Plants, *Lichens, Algae, Biological effects, Crude oil, Arctic,
Alaska

The sensitivity of Arctic populations of the title organisms to
natural gas, sulfur dioxide and crude oil was determined by
measuring rates of N fixation, C02 fixation, and 02 consumption.
Prudhoe crude oil severely inhibited both N£ and C02 fixation.
Lichens appeared to be less sensitive to the pollutants than
the free alga.

[from Biological Abstracts 63(3):#14221.  1977]
                                                         /


C-1357-77
ECOLOGICAL CHANGES IN MILFORD HAVEN DURING ITS HISTORY AS AN OIL
PORT
Baker, J. M.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.).  New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.55-66.  Institute of Petroleum/Field
Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.

Ports, Oil spills, Wastewaters, Refineries, Environmental effects,
Marine organisms, UK, *Milford Haven

The current ecological state of Mil ford Haven after 15 years of
industrialization is described.  There are still no overall
changes which can be attributed to the oil industry.  Oil spills
have caused short term localized effects, the most severe of such
effects occurring over about one mile of shore as a result of
the "Dona Marika" oil spill of 1973.  Localized chronic effects
in Little Wick Bay are associated with a refinery effluent, and
the death of a patch of Spartina marsh at Martinshaven may also
have resulted from chronic pollution.  Unidentified slicks outside
the mouth of the Haven have been a cause for concern.
C-1358-77
THE FIELD STUDIES COUNCIL OIL POLLUTION RESEARCH UNIT
Baker, J. M.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.).  New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.17-19.  Institue of Petroleum/Field
Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.
Oil spills, Monitoring, Wastewaters, Refineries, Biological effects,
Ports, UK, *Milford Haven, *0il Pollution .Research Unit
A brief review is presented of the background and the current status
and involvement of the Field Studies Council Oil Pollution Research


                            129

-------
Unit in restoring the polluted Mil ford Haven port to an ecological
balance.  The effects of oil and dispersants on the behavior of
marine species are described and the monitoring of toxic substances
along the port's rocky shores and salt marshes is discussed.
C-1359-77
INVESTIGATION OF REFINERY EFFLUENT EFFECTS THROUGH FIELD SURVEYS
Baker, J. M.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.   J.  M.  Baker (ed.).   New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  Institute of Petroleum/Field Studies
Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.

Wastewaters, Refineries, Biological effects, Marshes,  Shorelines,
Vegetation, UK

Field surveys were carried out to find the species and areas
affected by refinery effluent discharges.   It is possible to
classify effluents according to their ecological effects, and
the effluent dispersal characteristics form the best basis for
such a classification.  Well dispersed offshore discharges from
modern refineries may not cause any measurable biological changes;
however, poorly dispersed discharges (in  mudflat or salt marsh
areas) may greatly reduce species near the effluent.   Both salt
and freshwater marsh vegetation are capable of surviving at least
some chronic oil pollution.  The deliberate management of such
communities as a final stage in effluent  treatment is  mentioned.
C-1360-77
AN OIL SPILL IN THE STRAITS OF MAGELLAN
Baker, J. M., et al.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.   J.  M.  Baker (ed.).   New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.441-472.   International Petroleum/
Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore,  Scotland, 1975.

Metula spill, Biological effects,  Birds,  Mollusks, Algae, Fisheries,
Strait of Magellan

The short and long term effects of the "Metula" oil spill are
described.  An estimated 3000 to 4000 cormorants and penguins
were killed and some mussel beds and algae were contaminated,
but no reports were received of damage to commercial fisheries.
                             130

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C-1361-77
RESPONSE OF SOME BLACK SEA HYDROBIONTS IN AN ELECTRICAL CURRENT
FIELD DURING POISONING WITH DISSOLVED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS [in Russian]
Balaev, L. A., N. D. Mazmanidi, and T. R. Bazhashvili.  1976.
Voprosy Ikhtiologii 16(4):715-720.

Petroleum products, Toxicity, Marine organisms, Fish,Benthos,
Black Sea, *Shrimp, *Electrical currents

Increased sensitivity to electrical currents was the property
used to measure the toxicity of dissolved petroleum products to
six species of Black Sea organisms.  Pelagic fish were sensitive
to lower concentrations of petroleum products than benthic species.
Shrimp were more resistant to the petroleum pollutants than any
of the fish species.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(15):#101548v.  1977]


C-1362-77
POSSIBILITY OF THE TISSUE ACCUMULATION AND ELIMINATION OF 3,4-
BENZOPYRENE FROM FISH [English summary]
Baranova, L. N., P. P. Dikun, I. N. Ostroumova, and L. A. Timoshina.
1976.
Voprosy Onkologii 22(11):102-105.

Petroleum products, PAH, Uptake, Release, Fish, *3,4-benzopyrene

In this study, 3,4-benzopyrene was not found to accumulate in  the
tissues of carp and rainbow trout exposed to diets containing  this
substance for one year.  Relative amounts of dietary 3,4-benzopyrene
excreted in unchanged form were higher in winter than in summer.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(ll):#66583z.  1977]


C-1363-77
SURVEY OF MARINE COMMUNITIES IN PANAMA AND EXPERIMENTS WITH OIL
Birkeland, C., A. A. Reimer, and J. R. Young.  1976.
Report EPA-600/3-76-028, Contract No. 14-12-874.  176p.
Fuel oil, Marine organisms, Biological effects, Tropical regions,
Intertidal zone, Corals

Effects of oil pollution on tropical intertidal marine communities
were tested by controlled experiments using tarry Bunker C and
volatile marine diesel oils.  Bunker C had a greater detrimental
effect than did marine diesel on coral growth.  Marine diesel  had
a greater detrimental effect  on fouling communities of settling
plates.  Susceptibility to oil pollution varied significantly
between individuals.
                             131

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C-1364-77
AN OIL SPILL IN AN ALPINE HABITAT
Blesky, J.  1975.
Northwest Science 49(3):141-146.

Oil spills, Environmental deterioration, Vegetation, Washington,
*Alpine meadow

A study was made of the damage to vegetation caused by a spill
of 26,500 1 (7,000 gal) of diesel fuel into an alpine meadow
near Mt. Baker, Washington.  Most herbaceous plants in the
Carex nigricans and Phyllodoce  empetriformis - Cassiope
mertensiana associations were killed; woody species were severely
damaged but survived the effects of the oil.  Root systems of the
plants escaped major damage.  One year later C^. nigricans and C_.
lenticularis and various mosses were invading the area.

[from Ecological Abstracts 1976(4) :#76 L/2813.  1976]
C-1365-77
A FOUR-YEAR ANALYSIS OF VEGETATION FOLLOWING AN OIL SPILL IN A
FRESH WATER MARSH
Burk, C. J.  1976.
Report No. Completion-FY-76-15, Pub-71, W77-00147; OWRT-A-042-MASS
(2).  46p.  PB-258, 766/5GA.

Oil  spills, Biological effects, Plants, Sampling, Marshes,
*Species reduction

Total plant cover and diversity measured by species richness, mean
species per quadrant, and the Shannon-Wiener function were progres-
sively reduced in both high and mid-marsh zones for two years
after the spill.  Eighteen of the species found before the spill
were not found the season following.  Perennial species tended to
be less affected by the oil immediately following the spillage
than, annual species.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(19):#233,281.  1977]
C-l366-77
EFFECT OF THE WATER SOLUBLE FRACTION OF CRUDE, REFINED AND WASTE
OILS ON THE EMBRYONIC AND LARVAL STAGES OF THE QUAHOG CLAM,
MERCENARIA SP.
Byrne, C. J. and J. A. Calder.  1977.
Marine Biology 40(3):225-231.

Toxicity, Mollusks, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Waste oil, *Clams,
*Mercenaria sp.

The effects of crude and fuel oils on the survival and growth
rates of the quahog clam, Mercenaria sp., were investigated.
Kuwait crude was the least toxic oil and waste crankcase oil
was the most toxic,while Bunker C and No. 2 fuel oil had
intermediate values.  Surviving larvae exposed to  the various
oils grew at slower rates than controls.
                            132

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C-1367-77
EFFECT OF DISSOLVED AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS ON THE GROWTH OF
MARINE BACTERIA IN BATCH CULTURE
Calder, J. A., and J. H. Lader.  1976.
Report NSF/IDOE-76-184; Grant NSF-ID073-09745.  8p.

Bacteria, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Toxicity, Biological effects

The growth rate and maximum cell density of marine bacteria in
batch cultures were found to decrease with increasing concentra-
tions of dissolved aromatic hydrocarbons.  Toxicity levels were
observed to increase inversely with solubility, and partial
oxidation of naphthalene caused complete cessation of growth at
high concentrations.

[from Government Reports Announcements 77(6):#PB-261 893/2G.
1977]


C-1368-77
ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY OF SEAWATER EXTRACTS OF ALASKAN
CRUDE OIL TO ZOEAE OF THE DUNGENESS CRAB, CANCER MAGISTER DANA
Caldwell, R. S.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 8.  p.345-375.

Crude oil, Toxicity, Crustaceans, Acute effects, Chronic effects,
Alaska, *Cancer magister Dana, *Water soluble fraction

The seawater soluble fraction of Cook Inlet crude oil was found
to be acutely toxic to first instar C_. magister larvae, but no
toxic effects were noted for a 1/10 dilution of this fraction
during long-term exposures.  Under similar conditions naphthalene
had no toxic effects; benzene resulted in reduced larval survival
suggesting that benzene may account for a major portion of the
toxicity of the fraction.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01873.  1977]
C-1369-77
EFFECTS OF IRANIAN CRUDE OIL ON THE RED SEA OCTOCORAL
HETEROXENIA FUSCESCENS
Cohen, Y., A. Nissenbaum, and R. Eisler.  1977.
Environmental Pollution 12(3):173-186.
Crude oil, Toxicity, Acute effects, Corals, Red Sea,
*Heteroxenia fuseescens
Acute toxicity and sublethal effects of Iranian crude oil on
colonies of the Red Sea octocoral Heteroxenia fuscescens were
studied under static and continuous flow assay conditions.
Static bioassays showed the crude oil concentration of 12 ml/I
to be 50% fatal, whereas continuous flow bioassays showed no
                            133

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deaths at concentrations of 10 ml/1.   Gas  chromatographic
analysis of the hydrocarbon composition of exposed Heteroxenla.
indicated that petroleum derived hydrocarbons  were incorporated
into tissues and this exposure to high sublethal  oil  levels
could result in long term deleterious  effects.
C-1370-77
THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO HYDRO-
CARBONS OF PETROLEUM ON THE NEAR-SHORE FISHES OF THE BERING SEA
DeVries, A. L.   1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental  Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 8.  p.1-14.
Hydrocarbons, Toxicity, Fish,  Acute effects,  Chronic effects,
Bering Sea, Alaska
Toxicity data for water soluble hydrocarbons  on Bering Sea
fishes are given.  The effects of temperature and oxygen
consumption on hydrocarbon toxicity to fishes are presented.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01864.   1977]
C-1371-77
THE EFFECTS OF REFINERY EFFLUENTS:   THE CASE HISTORY OF A SALT-
MARSH
Dicks, B.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.   J.  M.  Baker (ed.).   New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.227-245.   Institue of Petroleum/Field
Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore,  Scotland, 1975.

Wastewaters, Refineries, Biological effects, Vegetation,
Marshes, UK, *Saltmarsh

A Spartina saltmarsh in Southampton Water, which has had a
refinery effluent discharged through its creek since 1951, was
surveyed biologically in 1969 and 1970 to assess the extent of
ecological damage.  The saltmarsh has  been resurveyed twice
a year since 1972 to monitor any changes in the distribution
of plant species in association with an effluent improvement
program started by the refinery.  Survey results are presented
and discussed.
                           134

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C-1372-77
THE IMPORTANCE OF BEHAVIOURAL PATTERNS IN TOXICITY TESTING AND
ECOLOGICAL PREDICTION
Dicks, B.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.).  New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.303-319.  Institute of Petroleum/Field
Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.

Toxicity, Contaminants, Marine organisms, Behavior, *Sublethal
effects

Toxicity tests for oil pollutants which rely on mortality of a
test organism do not take into account that changes in behavior
in response to sub-lethal doses of pollutant may have far-
reaching ecological effects, and that natural rhythm in an
animal's activity may substantially influence its susceptibility
to pollutants.  Examples are given which illustrate these points.
C-1373-77
ACUTE HYDROCARBON INTOXICATION IN A COMMON SEAL PHOCA VITULINA
[in French]
Duguy, R., and P. Babin.  1976.
Annales de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles de la Charente-
Maritime 6(3):194-196.

Marine mammals, Toxicity, Hydrocarbons, Acute effects, *Seals,
*Phoca Vitulina

Summary not available.

[from Bioresearch Index 13(2):#9854.  1977]
C-1374-77
BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS OF WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF OILS
Environmental  Protection Agency.   1974.
July  1 - December 1974 semi-annual report, Environmental
Protection  Agency, Narragansett, Rhode Island Laboratory.
p.120-123.
Hydrocarbons,  Biological effects,  *Water soluble fractions

Summary not available.
[from On Effects of Oil Pollution  in Arctic and Subarctic Waters.
Northwest Marine Fisheries Center, September, 1976]
                           135

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C-1375-77
SUMMARY TABULATION OF SELECTED EPA ACTIVITIES CONCERNING TOXIC
CHEMICALS
Environmental Protection Agency.  1976.
Report PB-253172.  19p.

Contaminants, Fuel oil, Hydrocarbons, Toxicity, *Fuel additives

"The toxicities of air and water pollutants, including
pesticides, fuel oil, hydrocarbons and fuel additives are
tabulated."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#78069z.   1977]


C-1376-77
THE ARCTIC COASTAL ENVIRONMENT OF ALASKA.  VOL. II:  A COMPILA-
TION AND REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE OF THE ARCTIC MARINE
ENVIRONMENT
Feder, H. M., D. G. Shaw, and A. S. Naidu.  1976.
Sea Grant Report No. 76-9, SG-04-5-158-35.  207p.

Oil spills, Environmental effects, Marine organisms, Arctic,
Alaska, *Prudhoe Bay

"This reference, for the convenience of the user,  is divided
into eleven chapters as follows:  Physical Oceanography; Chemical
and Geological Oceanography; Plankton; Benthic Algae; General
Ecological and Biological Studies; Ice Algae; Benthic Microalgae
and Primary Production; Benthic Invertebrates; Fishes; Marine
Birds and Mammals; Environmental Impact; and Oil Pollution:
Environmental Effects of an Oil Spill at Prudhoe Bay."

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(6):#W77-02665.
1977]


C-1377-77
FATE OF LABELED N-ALKANES IN THE BLUE CRAB AND STRIPPED [sic]
MULLET
Geiszler, P. C., B. J. Grantham, and G. J. Blomquist.  1977.
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 17(4):463-
467.

Hydrocarbons, Uptake, Release, Metabolism, Fish, Crustaceans,
*Labeled n-alkanes

A laboratory study was conducted on the differences  in uptake,
release and metabolism of long-chain n-alkanes in  the blue
crab, Callinectes sapidus, and the striped mullet, Mugil  cephalus.
The blue crab rapidly took up  and within  14 days  discharged
most of the labeled n-alkanes without metabolizing them.  The
mullet readily metabolized ingested n-alkanes, probably via
microorganisms in the gut.  The n-alkanes  absorbed via the gills
were metabolized to a lesser degree.
                            136

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C-1378-77
PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPACT OF OIL ON PINNIPEDS
Gentry, R., and W. B. McAlister.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 8.  p. 15-23

Oil spills, Biological effects, Marine mammals, Metabolism,
Alaska, *Physiology, *Pinnipeds

Field and laboratory physiological measurements were taken of
pinnipeds and otters encountering an oil spill.  Oil fouling
of the fur was found to impair its insulative properties,
leading to an altered metabolic rate and decreased diving
performance.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01865.  1977]
C-l379-77
THE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE OIL POLLUTION ON THE POLISH COAST OF
THE BALTIC SEA IN 1970-1974 [English Summary]
Gorski, W., B. Jakuczun, C. Nitecki, and A. Petryna.  1976.
Przeglad Zoologiczny 20(l):81-87.
Birds, Contamination, Statistics, Baltic Sea, *Mortality

Investigations of the effect of oil pollution on seabirds in
the Baltic Sea were conducted from 1970-1974 and 3900 dead birds
were recorded as having died form oiled feathers or oil  ingestion.
The highest mortality was recorded during the winter months and
the highest fatalities were among the scooters, longtailed ducks,
auks, and gulls.

[from Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts 7(2):#7Q1902.  1977]
C-l380-77
EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON CORALS
Grant, E. M.  1975.
International Ocean Development Conference, 3rd, Tokyo, 1975.
Vol. 4, Marine Pollution,  p. 154-190.  [Available from Secretary
of International Ocean Development Conference, Japan Management
Association, Tokyo, Japan.]

Crude oil, Corals, Biological effects, *Growth, *Great Barrier Reef

On an emergent coral reef of the Great Barrier Reef, living corals
were experimentally oiled for several hours.  Their subsequent
survival and growth were monitored for 4.5 months, and both the
corals and associated fauna appeared to survive unharmed.

[from The Engineering Index Monthly 15(4}:#028815.  1977]
                            137

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C-1381-77
ALTERED YOLK STRUCTURE AND REDUCED HATCHABILITY OF EGGS FROM
BIRDS FED SINGLE DOSES OF PETROLEUM OILS
Grau, C. R., T. Roudybush, J.  Dobbs, and J.  Wathen.   1977.
Science 195(4280):779-781.
Fuel oil, Biological effects,  Birds, *Yolk structure, *Egg
hatchability
Single doses containing 200 mg of bunker C oil  were fed to
Japanese quail and were found to result in abnormal  structure
and staining properties of deposited yolk for 24 hours after
ingestion.  Fewer eggs were laid for 4 days  after dosing and
hatchability was drastically reduced.  Three other reference
oils were tested on quail, Canada geese,and chickens and were
found to affect yolk structure.
C-1382-77
TOXIC EFFECTS OF WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF CRUDE, REFINED,
AND WEATHERED OILS ON THE GROWTH OF A MARINE BACTERIUM
Griffin, L. F., and J. A. Calder.   1977.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology 33(5):1092-1140.

Crude oil, *Refined oil, Toxicity, Metabolism, Bacteria,
Marine organisms, Weathering
Water soluble fractions of three crude and two refined oils
inhibited the growth rate and maximum cell density of the
marine bacterium, Serratia marinorubra. grown in batch culture.
Simulated weathering of a crude and refined oil in the laboratory
formed water soluble fractions that were significantly more
toxic than the parent unweathered oils.


C-1383-77
INTRA- AND INTERSPECIFIC VARIABILITY IN TOLERANCE OF SOUTHERN
CALIFORNIA LITTQRINA PLANAXIS AND LITTORINA SCUTULATA TO
PETROLEUM
Hadley, D.  1977.
Environmental Research 13(2):186-208.

Petroleum products, Biological effects, Mollusks, Southern
California, *Tolerance variability, *Littorina

Variations were observed in tolerance of Littorina to different
petroleum at 6, 17 and 29°C, as indicated by mortality  rate and
rate of animal attachment to substrate.  While L_. scutulata
exhibited a greater tolerance to various conditions at  6°C,
L.. planaxis had a greater tolerance at 29°C.  Gasoline  had the
greatest influence .on attachment rates at all temperatures, and
kerosene had the least effect.  There was no consistent attach-
ment rate trend among crude oils; however, their  influence was
intermediate between that of gasoline and kerosene.
                           138

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C-1384-77
THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS ON WILDLIFE- AN OVERVIEW
Hartung, R.  1976.
Wildlife Diseases.  L. A. Page (ed.).  New York, Plenum Press,
1976.  p.317-332.

Crude oil, Contamination, Birds, Wildlife, Acute effects,
Chronic effects

A brief review is presented of the effects on wildlife of
environmental contamination by mercury, lead, chlorinated
hydrocarbons, and oil.  The section on oil pollution deals
primarily with acute and long term effects of spills and
chronic contamination on waterfowl.
C-1385-77
EFFECTS OF FOUR OILS ON MARINE BACTERIAL POPULATIONS:  CONTROLLED
ECOSYSTEM POLLUTION EXPERIMENT
Hodson, R. E., F. Azam, and R. F. Lee.  1977.
Bulletin of Marine Science 27(1) :119-126.

Toxicity, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Bacteria, Coasts, Canada,
*Glucose uptake

The effects of Louisiana and Kuwait crudes, No. 2, and Bunker
C fuel oils on heterotrophic uptake and mineralization of
D-glucose by microbial populations from Saanich Inlet, Canada,
were examined.  All oils inhibited uptake and mineralization,
with the two processed oils being more toxic than the crude oils.
Populations did not acquire tolerance to oil after one month's
exposure.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(15):#232,315.  1977]
 C-1386-77
 SCIENTISTS  FIND NO  ILL EFFECTS FROM TORPEDOED WWII OIL TANKERS -
 ARGO MERCHANT'S 6 MILLION GALLONS ONLY A FRACTION OF 1942 SPILLS
 Kurd, S. B.   1977.
 Sea Grant  '70s 7(8):4-5.

 Oil spills, *1942 WWII spills, Tankers, Atlantic coast, Environ-
 mental effects, Movement
 About 530 million liters  (145 million gallons) of oil were spilled
 along the U.S. East Coast in 1942 as tankers were sunk by German
 submarines.   Recent research by Massachusetts Institute of
 Technology  scientists, using historical records of 1942 spills
 and their effects and computer simulation of spill movement
 trajectories, indicates that few if any long-term adverse effects
 on the coastal environments resulted from the spills.
                            139

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C-1387-77
OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ASSESSMENT PROJECT.  RAZOR CLAM HABITAT
SURVEY - GULF OF ALASKA
Kaiser, R. J., and D. Konigsberg.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 6.  p.17-31.
Oil spills, Biological effects, OCS, Mollusks, Habitat, Offshore
development, Gulf of Alaska, *Clams, Baseline studies

The extent of the Pacific razor clam populations in the Gulf of
Alaska between Unimak Bight and the 139 degree West longitude is
defined,and the importance of this clam  in terms of recreational
and commercial utilization is reported.  Since most of the impor-
tant razor clam beaches are near areas of current or proposed oil
development, the habitat of this species on the open beaches makes
it vulnerable to possible oil spills.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01843.  1977]


C-1388-77
EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL INGREDIENTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND OXYGEN
UPTAKE OF HARD CLAM MERETRIX LUSORIA (RODING) [English summary]
Lee, B. D., T. Y. Lee, and P. Chin.  1975.
Pusan Susan Taehak Haeyang Kwahak Yonguso Yongu Pogo 8:31-38.
Crude oil, Mollusks, Biological effects, *Larvae, *0xygen uptake,
*Meretrix lusoria

The effects of crude oil components on the cleavage, larval
development and oxygen consumption of the title organism were
determined.  Abnormalities produced by using 3 and 10 ppm of
hexane-extractable organics were 47.1% and 43.1%, respectively,
of the control value.  Oxygen consumption was decreased 25.9%
by the presence of 5 ppm hexane extractable organics, 29.1% in
a medium containing 10 ppm phenols, and 42.8% in a medium
containing 0.5 ppm sulfides.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(13):#84370g.  1977]


C-1389-77
EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS ON THE COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND
PRODUCTIVITY OF SALT MARSH EPIPHYTIC COMMUNITIES.  PROGESS
REPORT, SEPTEMBER 1, 1975 -AUGUST 31, 1976
Lee, J. J.  1976.
ERDA report, COO-3254-32; Contract E(ll-l)-3254.  200p.

Crude oil, Phytoplankton, Marshes, Biological effects,
*Environmental stress, *Diatoms

The studies conducted on environmental stress included an  in situ
incubation subproject aimed at testing the effects of water  quality,
                             140

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heavy metals, and crude oil on natural assemblages of diatoms.
Observed changes in the diatom assemblages enriched by various
pollutants are compared.

[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(1):#3859.  1977]


C-1390-77
THE EFFECTS OF THE WATER SOLUBLE FRACTIONS OF NO. 2 FUEL OIL
ON THE SURVIVAL AND BEHAVIOR OF COASTAL AND OCEANIC ZOOPLANKTON
Lee, W. Y., and J. A. C. Nicol.  1977.
Environmental Pollution 12(4) :279-292.

Toxicity, Fuel oil, Acute effects, Behavior, Zooplankton,
*Water soluble fractions

Acute effects of water-soluble fractions of No. 2 fuel oil on
both coastal and oceanic zooplankton were studied and their
LCso for various exposure times (1  to 72 hr) were compared.  Coastal .
zooplankton seemed to be more resistant than oceanic zooplankton,
probably due to the dissimilar species composition of the two populations.


C-1391-77
SURVIVAL OF TWO SPECIES OF AMPHIPODS IN AQUEOUS EXTRACTS OF
PETROLEUM OILS
Lee, W. Y., M. F. Welch, and J. A. C. Nicol.  1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(4):92-94.

Toxicity, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Crustaceans, *Amphipods

No. 2 fuel  oil and Southern Louisiana crude were toxic at
concentrations of 0.8 ppm and 2.4  ppm, respectively.  Mortalities
increased with the concentration and length of exposure.  Few or
no young were produced at these and higher concentrations.  The
amphipods are more sensitive to aqueous extracts of these oils
than benthic polychaetes and shrimp  for which data are available.
C-1392-77
EFFECTS OF REFINERY WASTES ON LITTORAL ECOLOGY [English summary]
Le Petit, J., M. -H. N'Guyen, and S. Tagger.  1977.
Environmental Pollution 13(l):41-56.

Refineries, Wastewaters, Biodegradation, Environmental effects,
Marine 'organisms, Bacteria, Phytoplankton, France
The effects of effluent from a petroleum refinery in southern
France on the ocean environment, phytoplankton production, and
bacterial populations were studied.  Bacteria utilizing gas-oil
as the sole source of carbon were found to comprise 10% of the
heterotrophic bacteria in the effluent area and 4% in an uncon-
taminated control area.  Physical and chemical conditions in the
effluent area are favorable for hydrocarbon degradation by bacteria.
                             141

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C-1393-77
THE EFFECT OF KUWAIT CRUDE OIL AND THE DISPERSANT BP1100X ON
THE LUGWORM, ARENICOLA MARINA L.
Level 1, D.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.   J.  M.  Baker (ed.).   New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.   p.131-185.   Institute of Petroleum/
Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore,  Scotland, 1975.

Crude oil, Dispersants, Biological effects, Polychaetes,  UK,
*Arenico1a marina L5 *Milford Haven

This paper describes field experiments on /L  marina L.  carried
out at a small estuary in Mil ford Haven.   A single spillage of
pollutants caused a 25-50% reduction  in population density;
four successive spillages resulted in eradication of the  original
Arenicola population of 20-25/0.25 m2.  The influence of  surface
water and heavy rainfall  on the extent of the pollutant effect
was also determined.  In studies to measure the effect of
pollution by Kuwait crude oil on the  feeding behavior,  it was
found that between 50 and 75% of the  original population
recovered normal feeding activity.
C-1394-77
CHANGES IN THE FLORA OF SOIL FUNGI FOLLOWING OIL WASTE APPLICATION
Llanos C., and A. Kjoller.  1976.
Oikos 27(3):377-382.
Crude oil, Waste oil, Soil, Biological effects, Fungi,
Biodegradation

The application of oil to soil resulted in an increase in the
number of colony-forming units and in the length of mycelium
of soil fungi of several genera.   The treatment favored the
growth of Graphium and Paeci1omyces which were almost absent
in control areas.  Biodegradation of crude oil and pure hydro-
carbons by these dominating fungi was demonstrated in culture.

[from Biological Abstracts 63(6)-.#35838.  1977]
C-1395-77
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS AS REFLECTED BY MORPHOLOGICAL, CHEMICAL,
PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL INDICES
Malins, D. C., H. 0. Hodgins, and D. D. Weber.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 8.  p.119-138.

Crude oil, Toxicitys Fish, Alaska, *Liver and skin tissues

The effects  of crude oil on the cell biology of liver and skin
tissues of trout, salmon, and sole are reported.  The depletion
                           142

-------
of glycogen and lipid in the liver and of mucus at the skin
surface of all three fish is considered to be due to the
effects of oil.  However, feeding high levels of crude oil  to
sexually maturing trout for six months did not result in
mortality, damage to spawning, or impaired viability of eggs
and sperm.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4}:#W77-01869.   1977]


C-1396-77
IDENTIFICATION OF MAJOR PROCESSES IN BIOTRANSFORMATIONS OF
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND TRACE METALS
Malins, D. C., W. L. Reichert, and W. T. Roubal.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental  Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March  1976.
Vol. 8. p.139-153.

Hydrocarbons, Biological effects, Fish, Crustaceans, Alaska,
Uptake, Release, *Biotransformation

The physiological and biological effects of hydrocarbons on
salmon, flatfish, and spotted shrimp are evaluated and identified,
and uptake and depuration studies of hydrocarbons are reported.
Trace metal effects on salmon and flatfish are also presented.
Emphasis is placed on the establishment and standardization of
experimental techniques.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):IW77-01870.   1977]


C-1397-77
THE EFFECT OF DISSOLVED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS ON SOME OF THE ASPECTS
OF CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM IN FISHES AND INVERTEBRATES
Masmanidi, N. D., and 6. I. Kovaleva.  1975.
Journal of Ichthyology 15(5):811-816.

Toxicity, Petroleum products, Metabolism, Fish, Invertebrates

It is concluded from the similarity of the reaction of fish,
mussels and shrimps to the effects of acute, subacute and
chronic toxicity to petroleum that there may be a single
mechanism in the action of dissolved petroleum products on
living structures.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(8}:#W77-04030.   1977]
                             143

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C-1398-77
ACUTE TOXIC EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM REFINERY WASTEWATERS ON REDEAR
SUNFISH
Matthews, J. E., and L. H. Myers.   1976.
EPA/600/2-74-241.  62p.
Toxicity, Wastewaters, Refineries, Freshwater, Fish, Acute
effects, *Redear sunfish
Static bioassays of 24 hours'  duration were performed using
samples of wastewaters provided by 22 domestic oil  refineries
and redear sunfish as test organisms.  Twenty-four hour 50 per-
cent tolerance limits of the wastewaters  are compared with
results of chemical analyses performed during the same study.
Toxicity varied considerably between refineries and for waste
streams within a single refinery.   Results of analyses and
observed behavioral symptoms of distressed fish revealed that
ammonia, sulfides, and phenolics were major contributors to
toxicity in most samples.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(8):#PB-262 913/7GA.
1977]
C-1399-77
ACUTE TOXICITY OF SELECTED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS TO FATHEAD MINNOWS
Mattson, V. R., J. W. Arthur, and C. T. Walbridge.   1976.
Report EPA-600/3-76-097.  13p.
Hydrocarbons, Toxicity, Acute effects, Fish, *Fathead minnows

Juvenile fathead minnows were exposed to five classes of organic
compounds:  acids, alcohols, hydrocarbons, ketones  and aldehydes,
and phenols.  Alcohols were generally 10-100-fold less toxic
than the four other classes of compounds which had similar
toxicity ranges.  Hydrocarbons were intermediate in toxicity
between pentachlorophenol, the most lethal chemical, and
ethanol, the least toxic.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(17):#115743n.  1977]


C-1400-77
FIELD STUDIES SHOW OIL PRODUCTION AND ENVIRONMENT REMAIN
COMPATIBLE
Mertens, E. W.  1977.
Oil and Gas Journal 75(10):124,126

Crude oil, Marine organisms, Biological effects, Platforms,
Natural seepage, API, Chronic effects

A brief synopsis is given of several field studies examining the
effects of chronic low-level exposure of marine life to oil
spills.  These studies, sponsored by the American Petroleum
Institute, indicate that "low-level chronic exposure to oil
has, at most, negligible effects on marine life"; and that
platforms provide a structure that'supports a thriving, highly
complex community of marine life.
                          144

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C-1401-77
PETROLEUM POLLUTION [in Russian]
Mironov, 0. 6.  1976.
Itogi Nauki Tekhniki,  Obshchaya Ekologiya, Biotsenologiya,
Gidrobiologiya 3:81-109.

Petroleum products, Crude oil, Contamination, Biological  effects

"A review with 68 references on water pollution by petroleum and
its biological effects."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(13):#84261x.   1977]


C-1402-77
OIL POLLUTION AND ORIELTON (book review)
Nelson-Smith, A.  1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(3):71-72.

Oil spills, Tankers, Ports, Biological effects, Marine organisms,
Shorelines, Marshes, Metula spill, UK, *Milford Haven

The author reviews the book, "Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution"
(J. M. Baker  (ed.). Barking, Essex, Applied Science Publishers,
1976.  566p.), a collection of three published proceedings of
the Oil Pollution Research Unit of the Field Studies Council.
The majority  of the text deals with the Mil ford Haven oil port
and the effects of tanker traffic on the plankton, birds, and
seals of the  rocky shores and salt marshes.  Also included are
accounts of the "Metula" spill and 216 other oil spillages reported
over the last 15 years.


C-1403-77
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND EFFECTS OF WATER EXTRACTS OF PETROLEUM
ON EGGS OF THE SAND DOLLAR MELITTA QUINQUIESPERFORATA
Nicol, J. A.  C., W. H. Donahue, R. T. Wang, and K. Winters.   1977.
Marine Biology 40(4):309-316.

Toxicity, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Marine organisms, Echinoderms,
*Sand dollars

The effects of Kuwait crude and No. 2 fuel oils on the sperm and
eggs of the sand dollar, Melitta qulnquiesperforata were determined.
Water soluble fractions of No. 2 fuel oil depressed respiration,
inhibited the mobility of sperm, interfered with fertilization
and cleavage, and retarded larval development.  Kuwait crude was
much less toxic, showing interference at the first cleavage stage
only.
                             145

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C-1404-77
THE EFFECTS OF OILS AND OIL COMPONENTS ON ALGAE:  A REVIEW
O'Brien, P. Y., and P. S. Dixon.  1976.
British Phycological Journal 11(2):115-142.

Algae, Biological effects, Metabolism, Uptake, *Photosynthesis,
*Respiration
Physiological effects of oil are discussed under the headings
of (1) physical and chemical factors; (2) photosynthesis;
(3) respiration; (4) accumulation; and (5) nucleic acids.
Exposure to oil has been shown to cause a depressive effect on
algal photosynthesis and to result in aquatic biotas of reduced
diversity.  However, it appears in general that algae are able
to withstand the effects of oil more effectively than susceptible
animals.

[from Applied Ecology Abstracts 3(1):#3D860.  1977]


C-1405-77
THE CHANGING BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE SEA
O'hEocha,  C.  1976.
Technology Ireland 8(1):18-21.

Marine organisms, Contamination, Biological effects, *Metabolic
interactions

Organic compounds in marine organisms affect the regulation of
the growth of organisms, the chemical alteration of constituents
of other organisms, and the transmission of signals between
organisms.  If these interactions are interrupted, stress is
placed on  the individual organisms.  For example, petroleum
pollution  threatens marine life by interfering with the
facilities for chemoreception which enables organisms to detect
food or sexual partners.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1):#77-00674.  1977]
C-1406-77
ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE GLOBAL POLLUTION OF MARINE ENVIRONMENT
[English summary]
Patin, S. A. , 1976.
Okeanologiya 16(4):621-626.

Contamination, Oceans, Petroleum products, Biological effects,
Food web, Phytoplankton

The sources and the degree of world ocean pollution by petroleum
and petroleum products are presented; petroleum concentration
levels are reported for both pelagic and shelf waters.  The food
web may be in danger due to a decrease in photosynthetic intensity
and in the biomass of phytoplankton leading to a decrease  in
nekton production.

[from Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts 7(2):#7Q1876.   1977]

                            146

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C-1407-77
OIL SPILLS:  EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM ON MARINE ORGANISMS (letter to
editor)
Payne, J. F.  1977.
Science 196(4285):10.

Oil spills, Biological effects, Chronic effects, Marine organisms

The letter supports P. H. Abel son's editorial, "Oil Spills,"
[Science  195(4274): 137] which in part questioned the reported
disastrous effects of oil spills.   The writer's own field and
laboratory studies involving the effects of chronic exposure
of fish and  other  organisms to petroleum hydrocarbons has in
no case suggested that petroleum is a very harmful substance.
C-1408-77
SUBLETHAL EFFECTS - EFFECTS ON SEA GRASS
Pearson, J. D.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March  1976.
Vol. 8.  p.377-389.

Hydrocarbons, Biological effects, Plants, Food web, *Photo-
synthesis, *Zostera marina

The effects of selected petroleum hydrocarbons on rates of
photosynthesis in  Zostera marina are evaluated in an attempt
to understand the effects of plant exposure to low levels of
hydrocarbons and its consequences to food chains.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01874.
1977] '
C-1409-77
RESPONSES OF ARCTIC MARINE BENTHIC CRUSTACEANS TO SEDIMENTS
CONTAMINATED WITH CRUDE OIL
Percy, J. A.  1977.
Environmental Pollution 13(1):1-10.
Crude oil, Crustaceans, Biological effects, Sediments, Benthos,
Arctic, *Amphipods, *Isopods
The responses of several arctic marine benthic crustaceans to
sediments experimentally contaminated with 4 different crude
oils were tested.  The amphipod, Onisimus affinis, showed a
strong avoidance to oiled sediments.  This response was most
pronounced at low oil concentrations (0.05 ml/15g dry sediment),
markedly impaired at higher oil concentrations, and completely
abolished at the highest concentrations tested (2 ml/15 g dry
sediment).  Weathering of the oil for 1 week reduced the avoidance
response.  Other amphipod and isopod species tested did not
respond consistently between oil-tainted and clean sediments.
                            147

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C-1410-77
EFFECTS OF CRUDE OILS ON ARCTIC MARINE INVERTEBRATES
Percy, J. A., and T. C. Mullin.  1975.
Canada Department of the Environment, Beaufort Sea technical
report, No. 11. 167p.
Crude oil, Marine organisms, Arctic, Invertebrates, Biological
effects, Behavior, Metabolism
Oil-animal interactions in sub-ice, neritic and benthic habitats
are considered and biological effects of three general types are
examined:  short term lethal effects, sublethal physiological effects,
and behavioral effects.  Lethal toxicity studies indicate a
relatively high tolerance level for crude oil among most of the
species examined.  However, activity and metabolism may be severely
impaired by exposure to relatively low oil levels.  In behavioral
studies, some marine species such as Onisisus avoided oil masses
and oil-tainted food and preferentially selected uncontaminated
sediment.  In constrast, other species such as Mesidotea exhibited
no preference for either oil-containing or oil-free food and
sediment.
C-1411-77
EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON THE LOCOMOTORY ACTIVITY OF ARCTIC MARINE
INVERTEBRATES
Percy, J. A., and T. C. Mullin.  1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(2):35-40.
Toxicity, Crude oil, Invertebrates, Arctic, *Amphipod,
*Coelenterate
Reported are effects of northern crude oils on the locomotory
activity of two Arctic marine invertebrates:  the amphipod,
Onisimus affinis, and the coelenterate, Halitholus cirrattus.
The ecological implications of such sublethal effects are
discussed.  Low concentrations of the oils significantly impaired
activity in both species.
C-1412-77
THE EFFECTS OF THREE OILS ON THE GROWTH OF THE DINOFLAGELLATE
DUNALI ELLA TERTIOLUCTA AND THE DIATOM FRAGILARIA SP. IN AXENIC
BATCH CULTURES
Prouse, N. J., and D. C. Gordon, Jr.  1974.
Copenhagen, International Council for the Exploration of the
Sea, Fisheries Improvement Committee, 1974.  6p.

Phytoplankton, Biological effects, *Dinoflagellates,  *Diatoms

Summary not available.

[from On Effects of Oil Pollution in Arctic and Subarctic Waters.
Northwest Marine Fisheries Center.  September, 1976]
                            148

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C-1413-77
SURVEY UPON THE GROUPS OF FISH-TOXIC SUBSTANCES IN WATER
Reichenbach-Klinke, H. H.  1976.
The Influence of Environmental Factors upon the Health of
Fishes.  H. H. Reichenbach-Klinke (ed.).  Stuttgart, GFR, G.
Fischer Verlag, 1976.  p.3-7.  Presented at the Munchener
Fischereibiologisches Seminar, Munich, March 18-20, 1975.

Toxicity, Fish, Petroleum products, Petrochemicals

The following groups of fish-toxic substances in water are
listed and discussed:  metals, non-metallic elements, oils and
oil derivatives, pesticides, detergents, biphenyls, antibiotics,
sulfonamides, and biotoxins.

[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(3):#7Q3118.  1977]


C-1414-77
ACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY, UPTAKE AND DEPURATION, AND SUBLETHAL
METABOLIC RESPONSE OF ALASKAN MARINE ORGANISMS TO PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS.
Rice, S. D., and J. F. Karinen.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Invertigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 8.  p.25-47.

Crude oil, Toxicity, Marine organisms, Acute effects, Chronic
effects, Metabolism, Alaska

The acute and chronic toxicity of crude oil on physiological
and behavioral mechanisms of various arctic and subarctic marine
organisms was determined,and the recovery rates of the selected
organisms in laboratory and field studies were reported.  Temper-
ature was found to have little effect on toxicity.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01866.  1977]
C-1415-77
EFFECT OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS ON BREATHING AND COUGHING
RATES, AND HYDROCARBON UPTAKE-DEPURATION IN PINK SALMON FRY
Rice, S. D., R. E. Thomas, and J. W. Short.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 8.  p.88-118.
Crude oil, Fuel oil, Toxicity, Hydrocarbons, Fish, Alaska,
*Respiration rate, *Qncorhynchus gorbuscha
Breathing and coughing rates of pink salmon fry, Oncorhynchus
gorbuscha, were monitored during exposure to water soluble
fractions of Cook Inlet and Prudhoe Bay crude oils and No. 2
fuel oil.  High breathing rates during the first 24 hours of
                           149

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exposure, elimination of most aromatics by 20 hrs, and the
continued high breathing during a constant-dose exposure for
72 hrs indicate that salmon fry can cope with a sublethal
exposure to hydrocarbons, but at the cost of an increased
metabolic rate.  Increased metabolic rates may be detrimental
to survival if the stress persists for long periods of time.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01868.
1977]
C-1416-77
ACCUMULATION AND RELEASE OF FUEL-OIL-DERIVED DIAROMATIC
HYDROCARBONS BY THE POLYCHAETE NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA
Rossi, S. S., and J. W. Anderson.  1976.
Marine Biology 39(l):51-55.

Aromatic hydrocarbons, Fuel oil, Polychaetes, Uptake, Release,
*Naphthalene, *Neanthes arenaceodentata

Male and female Neanthes arenaceodentata were exposed to a
sublethal concentration of No. 2 fuel oil for 24 hours; within
one hour both sexes incorporated most of the diaromatic hydro-
carbons eventually accumulated.  In hydrocarbon-free seawater
male worms released naphthalenes for 17 days to a level below
0.1 ppm, whereas gravid females retained the hydrocarbons for
three weeks until the release of their eggs during fertilization.
Larvae contained high concentrations of naphthalenes until they
developed into 32-segment worm juveniles.
C-1417-77
SPIN-LABELING TECHNIQUES FOR STUDYING MODE OF ACTION OF PETROLEUM
HYDROCARBONS ON MARINE ORGANISMS
Roubal, W. T., and T. K. Collier.  1975.
Fishery Bulletin 73(2):299-305.

Hydrocarbons, Biological effects, Marine organisms, Analytical
techniques, *Spin-labeling techniques

The aim of spin-labeling studies of membrane-contaminant inter-
action is to gain a better understanding of the mode of action
of hydrocarbon contaminants at the molecular level.  Basic spin
labeling theory together with experimental results from the
study are presented and discussed.
                            150

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C-1418-77
EFFECTS OF OUTBOARD MARINE ENGINE EXHAUST ON THE AQUATIC
ENVIRONMENT
Schenk, J. E., P. F. Atkins, Jr., R. L. Weitzel, P. B. Simon,
J. C. Posner, and W. J. Weber, Jr.  1976.
Seventh International Conference on Water Pollution Research.
Technical papers.  S. H. Jenkins (ed.).  Oxford, Pergamon Press,
1976.  p.733-741.

Biological effects, Hydrocarbons, Lakes, Phytoplankton,
*0utboard marine engine exhaust

No acute effects on any of the biological communities were
observed.  Species abundance, richness, and similarity of the
phytoplankton populations in both leaded and nonleaded fuel
test lakes were not affected by two-cycle motorboat engines.
Aromatic hydrocarbons released into the water were rapidly
removed by evaporation; increases in other hydrocarbons in both
the water column and sediments were observed in both test lakes.
[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(6):#14801.  1977]


C-1419-77
ACUTE EFFECTS - PACIFIC HERRING ROE IN THE GULF OF ALASKA
Smith, R. L., J. G. Pearson, and J. A. Cameron.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 8.  p.325-343.

Crude oil, Toxicity, Fish, Acute effects, Fisheries, Offshore
development, Gulf of Alaska, *Pacific herring

The toxicity of water-soluble components of crude oil under
simulated natural conditions was measured in terms of hatching
success and gross morphological abnormalities of the Pacific
herring.  Since many of the roe are deposited in the intertidal
zone, the presence of oil on the water and beach will cause a
general increase in mortality.  Spills or seepage during the
three to four week reproductive period could have significant
impact on egg and larval mortality.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01872.  1977]
                           151

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C-1420-77
EFFECTS OF CONTACT AND INGESTION OF CRUDE OIL ON RINGED SEALS
Smith, T. G., and J. R. Geraci.   1975.
Canada Department of the Environment, Beaufort Sea Project
technical report, No. 5.  66p.

Toxicity, Crude oil, Marine mammals, Acute effects, *Ringed
seals
The effects of immersion in oil  and ingestion of oil on ringed
seals and harp seal pups were evaluated.  Techniques used in
the laboratory and field studies are detailed, and the results
are tabulated and discussed.  Immersion caused reversible damage
to eyes; oil ingestion resulted in enzymatic and histologic
damage to kidney and liver.  Results of these studies are extra-
polated to evaluate the potential effects of oil on sear habitats
during different seasons.
C-1421-77
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF INDUSTRIAL AND DOMESTIC WASTE DISCHARGE
IN COASTAL WATERS
Soudan, M.  1975.
Progress in Water Technology 7(5-6):985-999.

Wastewaters, Industries, Hydrocarbons, Marine organisms,
Ecosystems, Coasts
A general review is presented of the effects of industrial and
domestic pollutants, including petroleum hydrocarbons, upon
marine invertebrates, plants, and the coastal marine ecosystem.
C-1422-77
A DESCRIPTIVE EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF NO. 2 FUEL OIL ON
THE TISSUES OF THE SOFT SHELL CLAM, MYA ARENARIA L.
Stainken, D. M.  1976.
Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 16(6):730-738.

Fuel oil, Biological effects, Mollusks, *Clams, *Mya arenaria,

Tissue changes did not occur in Mya arenaria after four weeks
exposure to No. 2 fuel oil, but depletion of glycogen and
generalized leukocytosis were noted, particularly in the blood
sinuses of the pallium and mantle membrane.  An increase in
vacuolization of the diyerticula, stomach, and intestines, as
well as an altered respiration rate, were observed.
                           152

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C-1423-77
THE EFFECT OF A NO. 2 FUEL OIL AND A SOUTH LOUISIANA CRUDE OIL
ON THE BEHAVIOR OF THE SOFT SHELL CLAM, MYA ARENARIA L.
Stainken, D. H.  1976.
Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 16(6) :724-729.

Toxicity, Crude oil,  Fuel  oil, Mollusks, Metabolism, *Clams, *Mya
arenaria

The effects of crude and refined oil on the behavior of Mya
arenaria were investigated and LCso bioassay values were
obtained for 96 hour and seven day exposure periods.  Both
crude and fuel oil caused high mucus secretion and decreased
tactile response in the clam; the increase in mucus production
lead to an increased metabolic demand and disruption of normal
physiological processes at lower oil concentrations- than the
     indicated.
C-1424-77
EFFECTS OF A SPILL OF MARINE DIESEL OIL ON THE ROCKY SHORE
FAUNA OF LAMMA ISLAND, HONG KONG
Stirling, H. P.  1977.
Environmental Pollution 12(2):93-117.

Fuel oil, Oil spills, Toxicity, Mollusks, Acute effects, Chronic
effects, Intertidal zone, *Hong Kong

About 2500 tons of heavy marine diesel oil were spilled near
Lamma Island, Hong Kong.  Acute toxic and long term effects of
the oiling on common littoral fauna were assessed in the field,
and long term recovery studies using clean seawater were conducted
in the laboratory.  Acute mortality of gastropods was greatest
in areas of moderate contamination where a dispersant was used,
but chronic effects were more severe in a heavily oiled area where
no dispersant was applied.  Bivalves and gastropods found in the
laboratory to be least sensitive to oil showed no signigicant
long term reductions in population.

[from Pollution Abstracts 8(3):#77-02499.  1977]
C-1425-77
ACCOUNT OF OIL POLLUTION DAMAGING THE SEABIRDS IN GDANSK BAY
[English summary]
Szczepski, J. B.  1976.
Przeglad Zoologiczny 20(1):75-81.

Crude oil, Birds, Contamination, Statistics, Baltic Sea,
*Mortality,  *Gdafisk Bay

Observations and statistics dealing with the seabirds perishing
between 1947-1970 due to oil pollution in Gdansk Bay, Baltic Sea,
                             153

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are reported.  The longtailed ducks, velvet scooters, gulls, and
auks suffered the highest fatalities.  With increasing pollution
by crude oil, the percentage of oil damaged birds is expected to
rise.
[from Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts 7(2):#7Q1901.  1977]
C-1426-77
RESPONSE OF THE CLAM, MACQMA. BALTHICA (LINNAEUS), EXPOSED
TO PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE OIL AS UNMIXED OIL, WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION,
AND SEDIMENT-ADSORBED FRACTION IN THE LABORATORY
Taylor, T. L., J. F. Karinen, and H. M.  Feder.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan  Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 8.  p.48-87.
Crude oil, Biological effects, Mollusks, Sediments, Alaska,
*Clams, indicator species, *Macoma balthica
The response to crude oil by Macoma balthica under laboratory
conditions is presented.  Oil allowed to settle over buried M.
balthica stimulated their movement to the surface; the propor-
tion of clams that moved to the surface  increased as the depth
of oil-contaminated sediment increased.   M. balthica can be used
as an indicator species of the effect of oil in the sediment
environment.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01867.  1977]


C-1427-77
FUNDAMENTAL STUDIES ON THE INFLUENCE OF  OIL POLLUTION UPON MARINE
ORGANISMS - I.  LETHAL CONCENTRATIONS OF OIL-SPILL EMULSIFIERS
FOR SOME MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON
T-okuda, H.5 and S. Arasaki.  1977.
Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries 43(1):
97-102.

Emulsifiers, Toxicity, Phytoplankton, Marine organisms

The lethal concentrations of 84 commercially produced oil spill
emulsifiers were determined experimentally for three species of
marine phytoplankton.  The toxicity of the emulsifiers was reduced
year after year due to improvements .in their components.  The most
recently produced oil spill emulsifiers  did not inhibit growth  at
concentrations of 100 ppm.
                             154

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C-1428-77
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF POLLUTION ON FISHERIES AND
AQUACULTURE IN JAPAN
Tokyo University of Fisheries.  1976.
FAO-FIR/T-163.  105p.

Contamination, Fisheries, Chronic effects, Japan, *Tokyo Bay,
*Seto Inland Sea

A study of Tokyo Bay and Seto Inland Sea found oil pollution to
be the main cause of damage to fisheries, although no significant
decrease in total catch was observed.  Direct damage and catch
reports indicate that species composition may have changed due
to chronic oil pollution.

[from Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts 7(2):#7Q1862.
1977]
C-1429-77
EFFECT OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS ON ALGAL PHYSIOLOGY: REVIEW AND
PROGRESS REPORT
Vandermeulen, J. H., and T,. P. Ahern.  1976.
Society of Experimental Biology Seminar Series 2 (Effects of
Pollutants on Aquatic Organisms):107-125.

Hydrocarbons, Algae, Biological effects, Metabolism, *Naphthalene

In three different marine unicellular algae, naphthalene
depression of C0£ fixation was dose-dependent and resulted
in similar patterns of inhibition in Fragilaria, Monochrysis
J_utheri, and Dunaliella.  The algae appear to be highly sensitive
to small changes in trace quantities of naphthalene and the C02
fixation is bimodal with differential inhibition observed at low
and high concentrations.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(9):#51367h.  1977]
C-1430-77
THE COMPARATIVE TOXICITIES OF CRUDE OILS, REFINED OIL PRODUCTS
AND OIL EMULSIONS
Van Gelder-Ottway, S. 1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.). New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.287-302.  Institute of Petroleum/
Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.

Toxicity, Crude oil, Fuel oil, Emulsions, Dispersants, Mollusks,
UK

Experiments were conducted to determine the toxicities of crude
oils, refined oil products, and oil emulsions to intertidal
mollusks common to British shores.  Oil products with low boiling
points were found to be more toxic than heavy fuel oils, while
crude oils had intermediate toxicity.  The toxicity of mixtures
                            155

-------
of crude oils and dispersants was also investigated; no simple
relationship was found between the toxicity of the mixtures
and that of the oil or dispersants alone.
C-1431-77
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE SENSITIVITY OF YOUNG STURGEONS
TO PETROLEUM POISONING [in Russian]
Velikhanov, Eh. E.  1976.
Izvestlya. Akad. NaukAzerbaidzhanskol SS.R. (Biol.) No. 1.  92-96.

Contamination, Fish, *Temperature effects, *Sturgeons

In this experimental study, 100% mortality of juvenile great
sturgeon was recorded at 30.30°C, while at 21.88-27.25°C the
mortality was almost nine times lower.  The petroleum concentra-
tion of 75 ml/I was found to be lethal for 13-day-old great
sturgeon, while 47-day-olds showed fairly high resistance to
this concentration.  Experiments showed a decrease in maximum
tolerated oil pollution levels with an increase in water
temperature.

[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(3):#7Q3139.  1977]
C-1432-77
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF MARINE BIOTA TO POLLUTANTS
Vernberg, F. J., A. Calabrese, F. T. Thurberg, and W. B. Vernberg
(eds.).  1977.
New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1977.  482p.

Contaminants, Marine organisms, Petroleum products, Biological
effects, *Physiological response

Papers at a symposium on physiological responses of marine biota
to pollutants are presented.  Pollutants covered include pesti-
cides, PCB's, heavy metals and petroleum products.

[from Marine Biology 39(4)-.advertisement.  1977]
C-1433-77
ACUTE TOXICITY OF OIL DISPERSANTS TO MARINE FISH LARVAE
Wilson, K. W.  1977.
Marine Biology 40:65-74.

Dispersants, Toxicity, Fish, Acute effects, Solvents, *Fish
larvae

Acute toxicities of oil dispersants to the larvae of herring,
haddock, lemon sole, pilchard, plaice, and sole were examined.
The type and aromatic content of the solvent were found to be
the main factors influencing toxicity.  Aging of the dispersants
                           156

-------
led to a decrease in toxicity which could be related to the loss
of aromatic compounds.   Temperature and salinity had only a
slight influence on toxicity.  The transition period from yolk
reserves to an external food supply was critical; once larvae
had established feeding, resistance increased until metamorphosis,
C-1434-77
PHENALEN-1-ONE:  OCCURRENCE IN A FUEL OIL AND TOXICITY TO
MICROALGAE
Winters, K., J. C. Batterton, and C. Van Baalen.   1977.
Environmental Science and Technology 11(3):270-272.

Toxicity, Fuel oil, Algae, *Growth rates, *Phenalen-l-one

Phenalen-1-one, isolated from the water soluble fraction of a
No. 2 fuel oil, had two different effects on the growth  of
microalgae.  With blue-green algae toxicity occurred at  5 ppm
and was independent of wavelength, whereas with green algae
toxicity was wavelength-dependent.  In white light 250 ppb
was lethal; with this same light screened by a yellow filter
(530 nm), toxicity occured at 10 ppm.
C-1435-77
EFFECT OF CRUDE PETROLEUM OIL ON CLAMS.   PART 1  [in Korean]
Yi, P., and T. Yi.   1975.
Bulletin of the Korean Fisheries Society 8(4):252.

Crude oil, Biological effects, Moll usks, *Clams

Summary not available.

[from Bioresearch Index 13(1):#1089.   1977]


C-l436-77
EFFECT OF CRUDE PETROLEUM OIL ON CLAMS.   PART 2  [in Korean]
Yi, P., and P. Chin.  1975.
Bulletin of the Korean Fisheries Society 8(4):252.

Crude oil, Biological effects, Mollusks, *Clams

Summary not available.

[from Bioresearch Index 13(1)^1090.   1977]
                            157

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2.  PHYSICAL EFFECTS


    C-1437-77
    ON THE DECREASE IN REAERATION COEFFICIENT  DUE  TO  COVERING  OF
    WATER SURFACE WITH OIL
    Aral, N., Y.  Hayashi,  and S.  Sugiyama.   1976.
    Lippon Kagaku Kaishi  8(8):1315-1318.

    Oil slicks, Physical  effects, *Reaeration  rates
    The reaeration rate of pure water and that of  water covered with
    oil was investigated.   Findings  are  as  follows:   the reaeration
    coefficient,  K2, is affected  by  the  presence of oil  slicks and
    decreases by  approximately 20-40% on water without  oil  slicks;
    the temperature coefficient,  9,  is 1.041 in the presence of oil
    slicks, and 1.028 without them;  in the  experimental  temperature
    range of 6° to 40.5°C, the equilibrium concentration of dissolved
    oxygen maximally changes with the amount of oil slicks  within a
    limit of ± 10%.
    [from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts  7(3):#7Q3148.  1977]


    C-1438-77
    A WIND WAVE TUNNEL FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF ARTIFICAL SLICK
    WAVE DAMPING  AND DRIFT
    Huehnerfuss,   H.  1976.
    Meerestechnik.  Marine Technology 7(l):23-26.

    Oil slicks, Fate, Drift, Oceans, *Wave  damping, *Wind wave tunnel

    Initial work  with the SFB 94  wind wave  tunnel, located  in  Hamburg,
    concerns monomolecular surface active oil  films and their  ability
    to dampen capillary waves and thereby interfere with wind  wave
    generation mechanisms.  The drift properties  of these films  under
    wind and wave action are being investigated.

    [from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1) :#77-0518.  1977]
3.   ECONOMIC EFFECTS


    C-1439-77
    RECESSION PROVIDES INSURERS WITH A BREATHING SPACE
    Averill, G.   1976.
    Tanker & Bulker International  2(1):11,20.

    Insurance, *Marine industry, Tankers, Liability

    In 1975, the marine insurance industry was depressed by inflation
    in repair costs, unfair competition, substandard ships and crews,

                                158

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    difficulties with ship repairs, and pollution liability.   The
    International Convention on Civil  Liability for Oil  Pollution
    Damage (1969) requires tankers carrying > 2,000 tons of
    persistent oil to have a certificate of insurance.   This
    created a major insurance market and may produce more competi-
    tive rates through more underwriters.
    [from Oceanic Abstracts 14(2):#77-01874.   1977]
    C-1440-77
    AN INTEGRATED INDUSTRY MODEL OF PETROLEUM REFINING,  ELECTRIC
    POWER, AND CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES FOR COSTING POLLUTION CONTROL
    AND ESTIMATING ENERGY PRICES
    Galloway, J.  A., and R.  G.  Thompson.   1976.
    Engineering Process Econ.   1(3):199-216.

    Refineries, Wastewaters, Pollution control,  Models,  Economic
    effects, *Industry costs

    This paper reviews detailed work presented in three  monographs
    and gives key examples of how technical  information  may be
    synthesized into a comprehensive economic model  to evaluate  the
    industry cost, market price, and economic impact of  restrictive
    waste discharge standards for the petroleum  refining, electric
    power, and important chemical industries.

    [from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(6):#1250.
    1977]
4.  GENERAL EFFECTS


    C-1441-77
    CASE OF SUBSURFACE WATER POLLUTION BY PETROLEUM PRODUCT WASTES
    [in Russian]
    Anan'Ev, N.  I., A. A.  Kyuregyan,  and L.  A.  Rybina.   1975.
    Gigiena i Sanitariya No. 10:97-98.
    Petroleum products, Contamination, Groundwater, Oil  tanks,
    Chemical analysis, USSR
    A history of groundwater contamination by petroleum waste  products
    is given.  Petroleum wastes were  able to leak out of metal  storage
    tanks and penetrate along the fissures to the groundwater  level
    where the city of Alekseevka, USSR, obtains potable water.
    Chemical analysis revealed a decrease in petroleum products over
    a period of two years following storage tank repair.
    [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(5):#W77-02273.   1977]
                                159

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C-1442-77
AQUATIC POLLUTION AND LIVING RESOURCES [in Spanish]
Andre'n, L. E.  1976.
Lectures given at the Third FAO/SIDA Training Course on Water
Pollution in Relation to Protection of Living Resources.
Scientific and Administrative Basis for Directive Action,
Lima,Peru, 1975.  Rome,UN Food and Agriculture Organization, 1976.
269p.  FOA/SIDA/TF—9343-Suppleraent 1.
Contamination, Oil industry, Hydrocarbons, Dispersants,
*Aquatic pollution
Pollution topics considered in this paper include:  the dual
aspect of eutrophication, hydrocarbons and oil dispersants, oil
and petrochemical industry, organic and synthetic toxicants,
heavy metals, thermal pollution, and others.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts  7(3):#7Q3114.   1977]


C-1443-77
ANNUAL REPORT FOR 1975
Anon.  1976.
London, Advisory Committee on Oil Pollution of the Sea, 1976.
36p.

Oil spills, Pollution prevention, Pollution control

Summary not available.
[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts  7(3):#7Q304S.   1977]


C-1444-77
ARGO'S LEGACY:  BATCH OF OILY PANCAKES (news  brief)
Anon.  1977.
Science News 111(15):230.

Argo Merchant spill, Fate, Atlantic Ocean, Biological effects,
Marine organisms

The fate, behavior, and effects of the "Argo  Merchant" spill of
December, 1976, have been monitored and studied by a NOAA research
team.  Most of the oil floated out into the Atlantic in the form
of large pancakes  15 to 27 m (50 to 90 ft) in diameter which
shrank in area and thickened over time.  Preliminary results of
the biological effects include substantial contamination of
zooplankton, near-surface organisms and fishes, with little
apparent damage to marine birds and mammals.
                            160

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C-1445-77
THE FUTURE OF CHESAPEAKE BAY.  SYMPOSIUM HELD AT ARLINGTON,
VIRGINIA ON APRIL 15, 1976
Anon.  1976.
Sponsored in part by National Wildlife Federation and Wildlife
Management Institute.  W77-04203.  136p.

Ships, Ports, Pollution control, Oil spills, Chesapeake Bay,
*Symposium

Contents of the title symposium are; dynamics of Chesapeake
Bay; Channelization and shipping; Ports—Baltimore in particular;
Shore erosion and wetlands; Pollution and ecology.

[from Government Reports Announcements 77(10):#PB-263 457/4GA.
1977]
C-1446-77
IMCO/FAO/UNESCO/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN JOINT GROUP OF EXPERTS ON THE
SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF MARINE POLLUTION (GESAMP).   REPORT OF
THE EIGHTH SESSION, ROME, 21-27 APRIL 1976
Anon.  1976.
Rome, Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, 1976.  33p.
(Report Stud. GESAMP No. 4)

Contamination, Oceans, Environmental effects, Water quality,
Offshore exploration

Specific topics covered include an evaluation of the hazards  of
harmful substances in the marine environment, a review of the
harmful substances and particularly the impact of oil, the
interchange of pollutants between the atmosphere and oceans,
principles for developing coastal water quality criteria, and
scientific aspects of pollution arising from the exploration
and exploitation of the sea bed.

[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(3):#7Q2189.  1977]
C-1447-77
ONSHORE IMPACTS OF OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT IN ALASKA:  VOL.  II.
METHODOLOGY APPENDICES
Anon.  1975.
Special report, PB-248 896.  162p.

Offshore development, Onshore impacts, Models, Alaska

A general model of oil and gas development is analyzed.  Each
of the components is defined and used as the basis for a series
of assumptions which are used to map the model onto an individual
area to yield a development alternative.

[from Environment Abstracts 7(1):#77-00177.  1977]
                           161

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C-1448-77
MICROBIAL RELEASE OF SOLUBLE TRACE METALS FROM OIL IMPACTED
SEDIMENTS
Barsdate, R.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 10.  p.367-380.
Crude oil, Sediments, Offshore development, Release, Micro-
organisms, Environmental effects, *Trace metals
The initial results of laboratory experiments suggest that the
copper concentration of sediment pore water may increase
following the addition of oil, and tentatively the effect is
ascribed to the occlusion of trace metal binding sites or
exchange sites by components of the oil.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03225.  1977]


C-1449-77
OIL AND OIL DISPERSANTS
Carlberg, S. R.  1976.
Second FAO/SIDA Training Course on Marine Pollution in Relation
to Protection of Living Resources:  Methods for Detection,
Measurement and Monitoring of Pollutants in the Aquatic Environ-
ment.  Rome, UN Food and Agriculture Organization, 1976.  p.28-35.

Oil discharges, Ships, Tankers, Contamination, Fates Biological
effects, Dispersants

Topics discussed include oil pollution from ships, effects and
fate of oil pollution at sea, possible ways of dealing with
released oil, and biological aspects of oil pollution.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(2):I77-01635.  1977]


C-1450-77
THE BATTLE AGAINST OIL POLLUTION AT SEA
Department of Trade, UK.  1976.
London, Marine Division, Department of Trade, 1976.  12p.

Pollution prevention, Oceans

Summary not available.

[from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(2):#7Q1912.  1977]
                           162

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C-1451-77
THE INCIDENCE AND TREATMENT OF OIL POLLUTION IN OIL PORTS
Dudley, 6,  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.).  New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.27-40.  Institute of Petroleum/
Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.

Oil transfer, Ports, Pollution prevention, Leakage, Environmental
effects, Spill cleanup, UK, *Milford Haven

The amount of oil pollution and its overall effect on the environ-
ment in seaports can be greatly reduced if loading and discharging
procedures are carefully controlled and if planning ensures that
equipment and labor are available to deal with oil spills.   A
case history of the Mil ford Haven port is presented and the
effects of long-term leakage problems on the ecological status
of the port are described.
C-1452-77
THE BALTIC SEA AS AN EXAMPLE FOR THE INTERACTION OF NATURAL AND
MANMADE STRESS FACTORS
Grasshoff, K.  1975.
Thaiassia Jugoslav!ca 11(1-2):1-17.

Baltic Sea, Ecosystems, Contaminants, Hydrocarbons, Environmental
effects

Manmade stress factors influencing the Baltic ecosystem and
their interaction with the unique natural features of the Baltic
Sea are discussed.  The morphologic structure of the sea, its
highly stratified water structure, and its extremely limited
water exchange with the ocean are related to the influx of
pollutants including petroleum hydrocarbons.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(10):#58380r.  1977]
C-1453-77
THE BLACK TIDE OF LA CORUNA.  OIL SPILL OFF SPAIN
Gundlach, E. R., I. A. Fischer, and R. J. Stein.  1977.
Oceans 10(2):56-60.
Spill cleanup, Urquiola spill , Dispersants, Marine organisms,
Environmental effects, Spain

The circumstances and major effects of an oil spill caused by
the grounding and explosion of the tanker, "Urquiola", off La
Coruna, Spain, in May,1976, are described.  Various counter-
measures that were applied, such as mechanical oil removal
from beaches and marshes and the extensive use of dispersants
at the spill site, are discussed.  Short term effects of the
spill on marine habitats and organisms, especially edible species,
are reviewed.
                            163

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C-1454-77
THE METULA OIL SPILL
Gunnerson, C. 6., and G.  Peter.   1976.
Boulder, Colorado, National  Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion Environmental Research  Laboratories, 1976.   37p.   NOAA
special report.

Metula spill, Crude oil,  Environmental  effects,  Strait of
Magellan
Short term and long-range environmental damage caused by the
"Metula" supertanker grounding,  which spilled over 50,000
tons of crude oil into the Strait of Magellan and onto beaches
and tidal marshes of Tierra  del  Fuego, is described.  Included
are the background of the accident, a description of the
environment, reasons why  cleanup was not attempted, and a
discussion of further research needs.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(9):#231,089.  1977]
C-1455-77
UPTAKE, DISTRIBUTION, AND DEPURATION OF 14C-BENZENE IN NORTHERN
ANCHOVY, ENGRAULIS MORDAX, AND STRIPED BASS, MORONE SAXATILIS
Korn, S., et al.  197eT
Fishery Bulletin 74(3}:545-551.

Uptake, Release, Hydrocarbons, Fish, *Benzene, *Northern
anchovy, *Striped bass

The title fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of
14c-benzene for 48 hours.  Both fish exhibited a rapid uptake
over a wide range of benzene concentrations in the water column
with accumulation in anchovy being greater than that in striped
bass.  Results indicated that the release of hydrocarbons was
through the liver, gallbladder, intestines, and colon.
C-1456-77
EXPERIENCE WITH POLLUTION IN CONTROLLED MARINE ECOSYSTEMS.
APPLICATIONS TO PETROLEUM PRODUCTS [in French]
Lacaze, J. C.  1976.
Oceanis 2(Suppl.):1-115.

Petroleum products, Toxicity, Controlled marine ecosystems
An in-situ experiment conducted in Dinard to evaluate the
toxicity of petroleum pollutants is described.  The size of
the experimental  tanks, the illumination and temperature, and
the number of tanks needed to evaluate the effect of petroleum
products are discussed.

[from Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts 7(2):#7Q1863.
1977]
                            164

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C-1457-77
MARINE ECOLOGY AND OIL POLLUTION.  EDITED BY JENIFER M.  BAKER
(book review)
Mackie, P. R.  1977.
Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 5(1) :154-156.

Contamination, Oil spills, Refineries, Dispersants, Toxicity,
Monitoring, *Book review

A critical review is presented of the book. Marine Ecology and
Oil Pollution (Barking, Essex, Applied Science Publishers,
1976), which contains papers of a 1975 meeting held in Aviemore,
Scotland.  Environmental responsibility, biological and environ-
mental effects of oil contamination spills, refinery effluents,
dispersants, offshore monitoring, and toxicity testing were
among the topics covered.  The review states that the title
of the book is misleadingly broad and that coverage of several
important aspects of marine ecology and oil pollution are
inadequate or entirely lacking.
C-1458-77
HYDROCARBONS IN THE OCEAN
Myers, E. P., and C: 6. Gunnerson.  1976.
Boulder, Colorado, Maritime Administration and the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Environmental Research
Laboratories, 1976.  42p.  MESA special report.

Hydrocarbons, Oceans, Marine organisms

Summary not available.

[from Environmental Conservation 4(1).-78.  1977]


C-1459-77
MARINE POLLUTION HANDBOOK (book review)
Preston, A.  1977.
Nature 267(5607):188.
Contaminants, Fate, Biological effects, Environmental effects,
Regulations, *Book review
The book, Marine Pollution (R. Johnson (ed.). London, Academic
Press, 1977.  729p.)5 is critically reviewed.  The first section
of the book provides background information on the major categories
of pollutants including oil and discusses their principal path-
ways and environmental effects.  The second part deals with
environmental problems related to specific pollutants.  The
third section reviews problems of measuring biological response
to pollutants, and the fourth section addresses legal aspects
of marine pollution regulations.
                            165

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C-1460-77
OBSERVATIONS ON THE PROBLEMS OF POLLUTION IN SHATT AL-ARAB,  IRAQ
Saad, M. A. H.  1976.
Revue Internationale D'Oceanographie Medicale 43:3-11.

Contamination, Rivers, Waste oil, Tankers, Oil transfer,  Iraq,
*Shatt a!-Arab

Oil and oily wastes are the most important pollutants in Shatt
al-Arab and cause the greatest damage to aquatic organisms.
The main source of this pollution is from the filling of oil
tankers entering the river.
[from Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts 7(2):#7Q1841.   1977]
C-1461-77
SEDIMENTATION AND FOOD RESOURCES:  ANIMAL-SEDIMENT RELATIONSHIPS
Saila, S. B.  1976.
Marine Sediment Transport and Environmental  Management.
D. J. Stanley and D. J. P. Swift (eds.).   New York, John Wiley
& Sons, 1976.  p.479-492.

Sedimentation, Benthos, Environmental effects, Oil spills,
*Animal-sediment relationships

Benthic communities and various classification schemes for
them are briefly reviewed.  The discussion is presented under
the following headings:  historical background of bottom community
studies; bottom deposits and organisms; community descriptions
and classification schemes; sampling problems; relationship of
fauna! communities to the character of sediments and rates of
sedimentation; and impacts of dredging, dumping, oil spills,
and construction on animal-sediment relationships.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1):#77-00665.   1977]
C-1462-77
OIL SPILL IN HONG KONG
Spooner, M. F.  1977.
Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(3):62-65.

Oil spills, Environmental effects, Fisheries, Plankton,
Monitoring, China, *Hong Kong

Field studies were set up to follow tainting and depuration in
fish farming after a large spill of toxic product oil in Picnic
Bay, Hong Kong.  The hydrography, water quality, oil in sands,
and macro-and meio-fauna of the shores were monitored, and the
possible effects of the oil on plankton and open-water fisheries
are discussed.
                            166

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C-1463-77
ORGANIC CHEMICAL POLLUTION:, PETROLEUM, PESTICIDES, AND DETERGENTS
Stoker, H. S., and S. L. Seager.  1977.
Environmental Chemistry.  J. 0. M. Bockris (ed.).  New York, Plenum
Press, 1977.  p.429-476.

Crude oil, Petroleum products, Contamination

"A review with 122 references."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(21):#151099r.  1977]


C-1464-77
COASTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT:  LESSONS FROM OIL SPILLS
Straughan. D.  1975.
The Present and Future of Coasts, Proceedings of the First Annual
Conference of the Coastal Society, Arlington, Virginia, 1975.
p.116-123.

Oil spills, Environmental effects, Coasts, Baseline studies,
*Coastal impacts

Based on experience in assessing the aftermath of oil spills and
establishing baselines, a problem oriented cause and effect is
proposed in the assessment of coastal environmental impacts.
The marine science aspect of this problem is discussed and should
provide data useful in future assessments.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(9) :#W77-04472.  1977]


C-1465-77
SOME PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF OIL FILMS FLOATING IN
WATER
Van Gelder-Ottway, S.  1976.
Marine Ecology and Oil Pollution.  J. M. Baker (ed.).  New York,
John Wiley & Sons, 1976.  p.255-277.  Institute of Petroleum/
Field Studies Council Meeting, Aviemore, Scotland, 1975.

Oil slicks, Biological effects, Physical effects, Plants,
Animals, *0xygen exchange, *Temperature, *Light-reduction,
*Rock pools

Special reference is given to the rock-pool environment in the
title investigation.  Experiments with simulated rock pools
demonstrate that photosynthesis and animal activity may be
reduced, oxygen levels decreased, and temperature increased if
oil films are present.  Experimental plants and animals generally
survived during the period of exposure and later recovered in
clean seawater.  Effects of oxidation on rate of oxygen exchange
in waters covered by an oil film are minimal on the open sea
and maximal in still water such as rock pools.  Temperature and
light-reduction effects follow a similar pattern.
                             167

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C-1466-77
MAN'S IMPACT ON THE CHEMISTRY OF BISCAYNE BAY
Waite, T. D.  1976.
Biscayne Bay:  Past, Present, and Future.  A Thorhaug (ed.).
Coral Gables, Florida, University of Miami, 1976.   p.279-285.
Biscayne Bay Symposium, Coral Gables, April 2, 1976.

Water quality, Contamination, Florida coast, *Human impact,
*Biscayne Bay
Three years of water quality data for Biscayne Bay were
evaluated with respect to man's impact and no real trends have
been identified.  Pollution inputs to the Bay are  probably due
to runoff water from metropolitan areas.   In addition to data
presented on stormwater runoff and specific metals,  values for
oil and grease in a canal system are shown as indicators of
contamination from motor craft operation.
                         168

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D.  EFFECTS OF OIL EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION

    1.  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS


        C-1467-77
        PHYTOPLANKTON STUDIES - BERING SEA
        Alexander, V.  1976.
        Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
        Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
        1976.  Vol.  7.  p. 163-210.

        Monitoring,  Phytoplankton, Ice, Offshore development,
        Biological effects, Food web, Bering Sea, Baseline studies

        The dynamics of phytoplankton populations were studied,
        particularly along the edge of the seasonal ice-pack in the
        Bering Sea.   Emphasis was on understanding seasonal variations
        in phytoplankton primary production, and possible effects of
        OCS oil development on phytoplankton populations and the food
        chain.

        [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01851.
        1977]
        C-l 4.68-77
        API STUDY INDICATES PLATFORMS NOT HARMFUL TO MARINE LIFE (news
        brief)
        Anon.  1977.
        Sea Technology 18(2):35.

        Offshore production, Platforms, Environmental effects, Marine
        organisms, Natural seepage, API

        An API five year study indicates that the population levels and
        diversity of marine life do not seem to be affected by low
        level exposure to crude oil from offshore platform operations
        or from natural seeps.  Contaminated marine organisms rapidly
        purge themselves of oil and growth and reproductive rates are
        not affected by low-level chronic exposure to oil.
                                  169

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C-1469-77
BEAUFORT SEA ESTUARINE FISHERY STUDY
Bendock, T. N.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigator's Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 7.  p. 243-261.

Monitoring, Estuaries, Fisheries, Distribution, Offshore    >
development, Biological effects, Beaufort Sea, Baseline studies

Baseline data on the distribution, life histories and relative
abundance of nearshore marine species of the Beaufort Sea were
gathered in order to help minimize adverse effects of oil
development activities in nearshore marine environments.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01854.
1977]
C-1470-77
WATER BIRDS AND THEIR WETLAND RESOURCES IN RELATION TO OIL
DEVELOPMENT AT STORKERSEN POINT, ALASKA
Bergman, R. D., R. L. Howard, K. F. Abraham, and M. W. Weller.
1977.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Resource Publication No. 129.
38 p.

Oil fields, Development, Coasts, Birds, Environmental protec-
tion, Alaska, Prudhoe Bay, *Tundra wetlands.

Water-related birds and tundra wetlands dominate the natural
ecosystem of the Alaska coastal plain at Storkersen Point,
near the Prudhoe Bay oil fields.  This report classifies the
tundra wetlands into eight types and relates them to bird use
and populations.  Based on these relationships, recommendations
are made to protect the most valuable wetlands and to reduce
conflicts between water birds and oil-gas development and
related construction activities.
C-1471-77
LITTORAL SURVEY OF THE BEAUFORT SEA
Broad, A. C.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 7.  p. 579-591.

Monitoring, Habitat, Marine organisms, Coasts, Beaufort Sea,
Offshore development, Biological effects, Baseline studies

Habitats and ecological relationships along the Beaufort  Sea
coastline were surveyed and characterized in order to

                           170

-------
assess the risks of OCS oil-gas development, and to furnish
baseline data for planning further research.  Principal near-
shore epifauna of the Beaufort Sea were found to be crustaceans;
principal infaunal animals were mollusks and polychaetes.  Bio-
logical data on these organisms are presented and discussed.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-Q1862.
1977]
C-1472-77
THE NATURAL HISTORY AND ECOLOGY OF THE BEARDED SEAL (ERIGNATHUS
BARBATUS) AND THE RINGED SEAL (PHOCA (PUSA) HISPIDA)
Burns, J. J., and T. J. Eley, Jr.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March  1976.
Vol. 1.  p. 263-294.

Monitoring, Marine mammals, Biological effects, Offshore
development, Bering Sea, Beaufort Sea, *Bearded and ringed
seals, *Ecology

The natural history and ecology of the bearded and ringed seals
of the Bering and Beaufort Seas were investigated in order  to
recognize how, when, where, and why certain oil and gas devel-
opment activities may have acute or long-term effects on these
two species which occupy different ecological niches.  The
ringed seal is small, abundant and widely distributed, occurs
on stable sea ice, and feeds on zooplankton; whereas the
bearded seal is large, widely distributed, occurs on drifting
ice and feeds on benthic organisms.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01832,
1977]
C-1473-77
AN AERIAL CENSUS OF SPOTTED SEALS, PHOCA VITULINA LARGHA
Burns, J. J., and S. J. Harbo, Jr.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 1.  p. 295-302.

Marine mammals, Biological effects, Offshore development,
Distribution, Bering Sea, *Spotted seal, Baseline studies

The distribution, density, and total number of spotted seals
have been reported in order to evaluate the potential impact
                          171

-------
of outer continental shelf oil and gas development in the
proposed Bristol Bay, St. George Basin, and Navarin Basin lease
areas.  The spotted seal is restricted to the ice front in
these bodies of water during late winter and spring.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01833.
1977]
C-1474-77
THE RELATIONSHIPS OF MARINE MAMMAL DISTRIBUTIONS, DENSITIES AND
ACTIVITES TO SEA ICE CONDITIONS
Burns, J. J., L. H. Shapiro, and F. H. Fay.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 1.  p. 387-430.
Biological effects, Offshore development, Marine mammals,
Habitat, Ice, Distribution, Bering Sea, Beaufort Sea, Baseline
studies
The effects of petroleum development in the Bering, Chukchi,
and Beaufort Seas on ice-associated marine mammals are reported.
An attempt is made to determine what major habitats exist, how
these habitats are spatially distributed, to what extent the
mammals depend on them, and how the biology of marine mammals
relate to physical changes in their ice environment.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01838.
1977]
C-1475-77
POPULATION ASSESSMENT, ECOLOGY AND TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS OF
STELLER SEA LIONS IN THE GULF OF ALASKA
Calkins, D., and K. Pitcher.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 1.  p. 371-386.

Biological effects, Offshore development, Marine mammals,
Distribution, Gulf of Alaska, *Sea lions, *Ecology, *Trophic
structure

Oil and gas exploration and development have the potential of
greatly affecting basic productivity and the abundance of prey
species of the Steller sea lions in the Gulf of Alaska.  Infor-
mation about population status, distribution, movement, criti-
cal habitats, growth, pathology, food habits, and trophic
relationships is reported.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01837.
1977]
                          172

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C-1476-77
THE DISTRIBUTION, ABUNDANCE, DIVERSITY, AND PRODUCTIVITY OF THE
WESTERN BEAUFORT SEA BENTHOS
Carey, A. G., Jr.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 5.  p. 219-255.

Biological effects, Offshore drilling, Oil spills, Benthos,  >
Food web, Beaufort Sea

The extensive drilling for oil and gas on the Alaskan and
Canadian North Slope has created the potential for environmental
pollution.   The coastal ecosystem could be adversely affected,   /
especially in the Beaufort Sea area.  The food web, if
disrupted by oil spills, could cause high mortalities in top
carnivores due to the lack of benthic fauna on which to feed.
The effects of oil spills and petroleum activities in the
Beaufort Sea are reported.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01840.
1977]
C-l477-77
SUMMARIZATION OF EXISTING LITERATURE AND UNPUBLISHED DATA ON
THE DISTRIBUTION, ABUNDANCE, AND LIFE HISTORIES OF BENTHIC
ORGANISMS
Carey, A. G., Jr.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 5.  p. 257-712.

Biological effects, Offshore development, Benthos, Distribu-
tion, Beaufort Sea, Baseline studies

The existing literature and unpublished data on the distribu-
tion, abundance, and life histories of benthic organisms of
the Beaufort Sea are summarized to determine the impact of
oil and gas development on these communities.  The natural
variability that exists among species is estimated,and the
controls that environmental conditions have on the ecosystem
are investigated as they relate to petroleum development.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01841.
1977]
                          173

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C-1478-77
POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF OIL PRODUCTION ON GEORGES BANK COMMUNI-
TIES:  A REVIEW OF THE DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT
FOR OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS LEASE SALE NO. 42
Connor, M. S., and R. W. Howarth.  1977.
Technical report, WHOI-77-1, NOAA-77011901.   52 p.
Offshore production, EIS, OCS, Atlantic Ocean, Biological
effects, *Georges Bank

In reviewing the biological section of the draft environmental
impact statement for OCS lease sale No. 42,  it has been found
to insufficiently address several topics, in particular the
sub-lethal changes in community structure and function, the
accumulation and persistence of oil, and recovery times.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(9):#PB-264074/6GA.
1977]
C-1479-77
ZOOPLANKTON AND MICRONEKTON STUDIES .IN THE BERING-CHUKCHI/
BEAUFORT SEAS
Cooney, R. T.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigator's Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 7.  p. 95-161.
Zooplankton, *Micronekton, Distribution, Offshore development,
Bering Sea, Beaufort Sea, Baseline studies

Field studies are presented which report the distribution,
abundance, and species composition of zooplankton and micro-
nekton communities of the title areas.  The report is a part
of baseline studies to assess the environmental impact of
Alaskan OCS petroleum development.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01850.
1977]


C-1480-77
INITIAL ZOOPLANKTON INVESTIGATIONS
Damkaer, D. M.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 7.  p. 31-56.
Zooplankton, Monitoring, Distribution, Offshore development,
Biological effects, Gulf of Alaska, Baseline studies
Zooplankton were sampled in the northern Gulf of Alaska as
part of a baseline study of zooplankton diversity, abundance
and distribution prior to petroleum resources development.
                         174

-------
About 100 species were identified; one abundant group of
species spends the day in deep water and rises to the surface
layer at night.  Petroleum pollutants introduced into surface
layers would quickly be transferred to deeper water by these
active migrations.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01848.
1977]
C-1481-77
PLANKTON OF THE GULF OF ALASKA - ICHTHYOPLANKTON
English, T. S.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 7.  p. 1-30.

Monitoring, Distribution, Plankton, *Ichthyoplankton, Offshore
development, Biological effects, Gulf of Alaska, Baseline
studies

Baseline data on the distribution and environmental require-
ments of principal species of ichthyoplankton of the Gulf of
Alaska were collected during various survey cruises and are
summarized in this report.  These data should provide a frame
of reference for determining the effects of Alaskan OCS oil-
gas development on the marine biota.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4}:#W77-01847.
1977]
C-1482-77
BEAUFORT SEA PLANKTON STUDIES
English, T. S., and R. A. Homer.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental  Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 7.  p. 593-671.
Monitoring, Plankton, Distribution, Beaufort Sea, Bibliog-
raphies, Baseline studies
Seasonal density distributions and environmental  requirements
of principal types of phytoplankton, zooplankton and ichthyo-
plankton were determined for Beaufort Sea species.  An ongoing
literature review with over 600 references on zooplankton  and
over 100 references on phytoplankton is included.  This study
constitutes part of an effort to assess the possible effects
of OCS oil-gas activities on marine biota of the area.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01863.
1977]
                         175

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C-1483-77
MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY OF MARINE MAMMALS--BERING SEA
Fay, F. H.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 1.  p. 183-246.
Marine mammals, Toxicity, Offshore development, Bering Sea,
*Mortality, Baseline studies
Baseline information is provided on the incidence and causes
of pathological conditions in marine mammal populations of the
Bering Sea  that will be useful in evaluating future impacts
of petroleum activities.  Emphasis is placed on surveys of
distribution and numbers of dead animals and on necropsy of
such specimens for determination of causes of illness and
death.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01830.
1977]
C-1484-77
SUMMARIZATION OF EXISTING LITERATURE AND UNPUBLISHED DATA ON
THE DISTRIBUTION, ABUNDANCE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF BENTHIC
ORGANISMS OF THE GULF OF ALASKA AND BERING SEA
Feder, H. M.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol.  7.  p. 455-470.
Benthos, Distribution, *Productivity, Gulf of Alaska, Bering
Sea, Offshore development, Biological effects

Existing literature, unpublished data, and archived biological
samples available for analysis have been gathered to provide
an historical perspective on abundance, distribution, and
productivity of Gulf of Alaska and Bering Sea marine organisms.
This historical perspective should help guide environmental
planning of current DCS oil development projects.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01856.
1977]
                         176

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C.-.1485-77
THE DISTRIBUTION, ABUNDANCE, DIVERSITY AND PRODUCTIVITY OF
BENTHIC ORGANISMS IN THE GULF OF ALASKA
Feder, H. M., G. Mueller, and S. C. Jewett.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 7.  p. 263-453.

Monitoring, Benthos, Distribution, *Productivity, Statistical
Analysis, Gulf of Alaska, Offshore development, Biological
effects, Baseline studies

Detailed biological baseline data on ninety five
taxa were collected from 42 field stations in the northeast
Gulf of Alaska.  These data were statistically analyzed for
evenness of species distribution, abundance, diversity, and
productivity as part of an assessment of potential effects
of offshore oil development.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01855.
1977]
 ^l 486-77
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE BERING SEA:  BENTHIC BIOLOGY
Feder, H. M., G. Mueller, S. C. Jewett, M. Hoberg, and
K. Hafliner.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 5.  p. 1-218.

Biological effects, Offshore production, Oil transport,
Benthos, Oil spills, Bering Sea, Baseline studies
A qualitative and quantitative inventory of benthic species
in the Bering Sea is presented in an attempt to assess the
effects of oil exploration, production, and transportation.
The effects of oil spills on subtidal benthic invertebrates
are reported.  It was found that infaunal benthic organisms
can be used as indicator species for disturbed areas.  A
direct relationship between trophic structure and bottom
stability has been demonstrated with a new complex of species
becoming established in the substratum after an oil spill.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01839.
1977]
                        177

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C-1487-77
ABUNDANCE AND SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE MAMMALS IN THE
GULF OF ALASKA
Fiscus, C. H., and H. W. Braham.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 1.  p. 121-139.
Marine mammals, Biological  effects, Offshore development,
Distribution, Gulf of Alaska, Baseline studies
The relative seasonal distribution and abundance of marine
mammal species are reported using integrated sighting records
taken aboard ships and chartered vessels, aircraft surveys,
and from historical whaling records.  The northern and
coastal regions of the Gulf of Alaska are expected to be
areas of tanker traffic and oil-gas activity; these areas
also represent habitats for many marine mammals and seasonal
migrants.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01827.
1977]
C-1488-77
ABUNDANCE AND SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF BOWHEAD WHALES AND
BELUKHA
Fiscus, C. H., W. M. Marquette, and H. W. Braham.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 1.  p. 159-182.
Offshore development, Distribution, Biological effects, Oil-
gas leasing, Oil spills, Marine mammals, Bering Sea, Beaufort
Sea,  Baseline studies, *Whales
The effects of oil development on the biology and ecology of
bowhead and belukha whales during seasonal migration between
the Bering and Beaufort Seas must be evaluated before any
oil-gas leasing can be implemented in the Beaufort Sea
'Basin,'  Oil spills and other disturbances of the marine
environment could drastically affect these migrating marine
animals, especially in shore leads, even if pollution is kept
local to lease sites.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01829.
1977]
                        178

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C-1489-77
RESOURCE ASSESSMENT:  ABUNDANCE AND SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF
BOWHEAD AND BELUKHA WHALES-BERING SEA
Fiscus, C. H., and H. W. Braham.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 1.  p. 141-157.

Offshore development, Biological effects, Marine mammals,
Distribution, Bering Sea, *Whales, Baseline studies

Since adverse effects to Bowhead and Belukha whales could
result from oil or gas related perturbations, identification
of population centers, seasonal movements, and potential
areas of breeding are major considerations in petroleum
resource management decisions.  These animals apparently
winter in the Bering Sea, although no reliable data are
known to exist.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):IW77-01828.
1977]
C-1490-77
BASELINE CHARACTERIZATION:  MARINE MAMMALS
Fiscus, C. H., and H. W. Braham.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental  Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 1.  p. 57-119.
Offshore development, Biological effects, Oil-gas leasing,
Marine mammals, Distribution, Bering Sea, Baseline studies

The identification, geographic distribution, and abundance
of all marine mammals inhabiting the Bering Sea are reported.
Times of migration, migration routes, and feeding grounds
must be identified before decisions are made with regard to
oil-gas leasing and petroleum resource development.   Some
pinniped species feed pelagically while others feed near-
shore; many use the sea ice during spring and summer breeding
seasons.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01826.
1977]
                        179

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C-1491-77
BENTHOS-SEDIMENTARY SUBSTRATE INTERACTIONS
Hoskin, C. M.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 13.  p. 25-305.
Benthos, Sediments, Monitoring, OCS, Environmental effects,
Offshore development, Alaska, Baseline studies
Grain size characteristics of bottom sediment were related
to the distribution and abundance of benthos living in and
on the sedimentary substrate.  Because there are interactions
between benthos and sediment, baseline data are needed to
evaluate changes in the substrate that could result from
exploitation of offshore oil and gas resources and to deter-
mine the impact on benthic organisms.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03263.
1977]


Crl492-77
OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ASSESSMENT PROJECT.  HERRING SPAWNING
SURVEY—SOUTHERN BERING SEA
Jackson, P. B., and I. M. Warner.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 6.  p. 1-16.

Biological effects, Offshore development, OCS, Fish,
Fisheries, Habitat, Bering Sea, Baseline studies, *Pacific
herring

The spawning ground utilization by the Pacific herring and
capelin in the Bering Sea was investigated to determine the
effects that offshore development may have on the habitats
of these fish.  The socio-economic effects of the herring
fishery on local residents were determined and foreign
fishing harvest levels were investigated.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4);#W77-01842.
1977]
                       180

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C-1493-77
PETROLEUM, TEMPERATURE, AND TOXICANTS:  EXAMPLES OF
SUSPECTED RESPONSES BY PLANKTON AND BENTHOS ON THE
CONTINENTAL SHELF
Jeffries, H. P., and W. C. Johnson, II.  1976.
Marine Reprint 69.  SG-04p6-l58-44002.  16p.

Offshore development, Plankton, Benthos, DCS, Ecosystems,
Environmental effects

Population changes over time in natural marine communities
of the New York and Mid-Atlantic Bights are enumerated.
The direct effect of energy-related activities on coppod
populations is not a concern at present and short-term
effects are seen only at point sources.  Persistent, small-
scale environmental changes may have cumulative effects on
benthic communities where ecosystem processes enhance,
rather than dissipate  these changes.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(10):#W77-04844.
1977]
C-1494-77
PHYTOPLANKTON AND PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY IN THE NORTHEAST
GULF OF ALASKA
Larrance, J. D.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 7.  p. 57-93.

Monitoring, Phytdplankton, Biological effects, Offshore
development, Baseline studies, *Primary production

Phytoplankton baseline data were collected to determine
their abundance, primary production rates and the environmental
factors controlling production.  Repopulation of phytoplankton
following contamination may result in a species composition
much different from the previous one. Productivity levels
may also differ significantly.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01849.
1977]
                          181

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C-1495-77
TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG ICE INHABITING PHOCID SEALS
Lowry, L. F., and J. J. Burns.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 1.  p. 303-332.

Biological effects, Offshore development, Marine mammals,
OCS, Distribution, Bering Sea, Beaufort Sea, *Seals,
*Trophic structure

The trophic structure of the ecosystems of ice inhabiting
seals is evaluated in terms of potential impacts of outer
continental shelf petroleum development in the Bering,
Chukchi, and Beaufort Seas.  Determination of the diet,
foraging times, distribution, abundance, and natural history
of each species will lead to a better understanding of the
effects of offshore development.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01834.
1977]
C-l496-77
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF OFFSHORE DISPOSAL OF DRILLING
FLUIDS AND CUTTINGS
McAuliffe, C. D., and L. L. Palmer.  1976.
Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, SPE 5864,  16 p.
Society of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, 46th Annual Cali-
fornia Regional Meeting.

Offshore drilling, Disposal, *Drilling wastes, Environmental
effects, Marine organisms

Laboratory studies using various organisms show these
materials generally to be relatively nontoxic.  Rapid
dispersion and dilution during discharge of drilling fluids
and cuttings in seawater explain the lack of long-term
effects in areas with 20 to 40 years of petroleum opera-
tions.  Offshore discharge is an environmentally acceptable
method for dispersal of drilling wastes.

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(2):#77-01741.  1977]
                      182

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C-1497-77
INCIDENCE OF PATHOLOGY OF MARINE FISH DISEASES IN THE GULF
OF ALASKA, BERING SEA, AND BEAUFORT SEA
McCain, B. B., and S. R. Wellings.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 10. p. 381-433.

Monitoring, Fish, Environmental effects, Offshore develop-
ment, OCS, Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, Beaufort Sea,
Baseline studies, *Fish diseases

Baseline data have been obtained on the present health
status of demersal fishes in the waters near the Alaska
OCS so that future environmental effects of oil exploration
and development can be evaluated.  The principal criterion
of fish health used is the frequency of externally visible
pathological conditions.  Histopathological and micro-
biological properties of each major disease are also being
characterized.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03226.
1977]
C-l498-77
BASELINE STUDIES OF DEMERSAL RESOURCES OF THE EASTERN
BERING SEA SHELF AND SLOPE
Pereyra, W. T., J. E. Reeves, and R. G. Bakkala.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 7.  p. 219-242.
Monitoring, Distribution, Marine organisms, Offshore devel-
opment, Biological effects, Bering Sea, Baseline studies

Results are presented of extensive sampling and biological
baseline data surveys of demersal resources of the eastern
Bering Sea.  Distributions, abundance, life history, popu-
lation characteristics, and historical exploitation
patterns for commercially important species of fish,
crustaceans, mollusks, and other organisms were analyzed in
preparation for assessing the effects of offshore oil
development.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01853.
1977]
                       183

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C-1499-77
BASELINE STUDIES OF DEMERSAL RESOURCES OF THE NORTHERN GULF
OF ALASKA SHELF AND SLOPE:  AN HISTORICAL PREVIEW
Pereyra, W. T., L. Ronholt, and S. Hughes.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 7.  p. 211-217.
Fisheries, Fish, *Shellfish, Offshore development, Biologi-
cal effects, Gulf of Alaska, Baseline studies, *Demersal
resources
The historic and present development of demersal fish and
shellfish resources of the Gulf of Alaska is reviewed.
Data on species of importance to man have been collected
and analyzed so that they may be compared with earlier-
surveys and provide baseline data for studies on possible
effects of oil development on these resources.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01852.
1977]
C-1500-77
BIOLOGY OF THE HARBOR SEAL, PHOCA VITULINA RICHARDI, IN THE
GULF OF ALASKA
Pitcher, K., and D. Calkins.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 1.  p. 247-261.
Biological effects, Offshore development, Marine mammals,
Contaminants, Food web, Gulf of Alaska, *Ecology, *Harbor
seal

A number of potential adverse effects of oil and gas
development on harbor seal populations are reported:
direct injury through contact with oil, disturbance during
pupping, exposure to environmental contaminants, reduced
food web productivity, and direct mortality of prey species.
The ecology of the harbor seal is discussed with reference
to trophic level, population, growth, seasonal distribu-
tion, sex and age segregation, and critical habitats.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01831.
1977]
                      184

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C-1501-77
ASSESSMENT OF THE DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF SEA OTTERS
ALONG THE KENAI PENINSULA, KAMISHAK BAY AND THE KODIAK
ARCHIPELAGO
Schneider, K. B.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigator's Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 1.  p. 333-358.

Marine mammals, Biological effects, Offshore development,
Distribution, OCS, Alaska, *Sea otters, Baseline studies

The potential adverse impact of outer continental shelf
activities on sea otters appears high, as they are more
vulnerable to direct oiling than other species of marine
mammals and they may be indirectly affected by chronic low
levels of pollution through the food chain.  Information
was gathered to trace the patterns of range expansion,
identify those areas where OCS activities would have the
greatest impact, and provide a basis for evaluating the
sea otter's role in changes in marine ecosystems.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01835.
1977]
C-1502-77
DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE OF SEA OTTERS IN SOUTHWESTERN
BRISTOL BAY
Schneider, K. B.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 1.  p. 359-369.
Marine mammals, Distribution, Contamination, Habitat,
Offshore development, Alaska, *Sea otters
Because sea otters are vulnerable to the direct effects of
oiling and may be affected through the food chain by
chronic low levels of pollution, the proposed outer conti-
nental shelf lease areas of Unimak Island and the Alaska
Peninsula are possible sources of sea otter habitat dis-
ruption.  A systematic survey of the range of population
to determine sea otter distribution and number is reported.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01836.
1977]
                     185

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C-1503-77
FOOD AND FEEDING RELATIONSHIPS IN THE BENTHIC AND DEMERSAL
FISHES OF THE GULF OF ALASKA AND BERING SEA
Smith, R. L., A. C. Paulson, and J. R.yRose.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 7.  p. 471-508.
Fish, Food web, Biological effects, Offshore development,
Gulf of Alaska, Bering Sea, Baseline Studies
A study in progress is reported in which the effects of
offshore oil activities on fishes can be assessed and
predicted.  The objectives are to construct a detailed
picture of the food and feeding relationships among fishes
in the Gulf of Alaska and the Bering Sea so that possible
adverse interactions with OCS oil-related activities can be
avoided or mimimized.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01857.
1977]
C-1504-77
ACUTE TOXICITY OF WELL-DRILLING MUDS TO RAINBOW TROUT
SALMO GAIRDNERI (RICHARDSON)
Weir, R. H., and B. Moore.  1975.
Environmental Aspects of Chemical Use in Well-Drilling
Operations, Houston, 1975.  p. 113-123.

Drilling, Oil wells, Toxicity, Acute effects, Fish, Arctic,
*Trout, *Drilling muds

The acute toxicity to trout of drilling muds from a Cana-
dian Arctic exploratory oil well was due to high levels of
KC1 in drilling muds at surface levels of the well, and a
combination of drilling components at lower well levels.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(15):fl01601c.  1977]
C-1505-77
BASELINE CHARACTERIZATION, LITTORAL BIOTA, GULF OF ALASKA
AND BERING SEA
Zimmerman, S. T., and T. R. Merrell, Jr.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 6.  p. 75-584.

Monitoring, Marine organisms, Distribution,Mntertidal
zone, Coasts, Acute effects, Chronic effects, Bering Sea,
Gulf of Alaska, Baseline studies
The intertidal to subtidal biota in the region from the
eastern Gulf of Alaska to the Bering Sea have been
                     186

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    characterized and inventoried in order to determine the
    distribution and densities of species and biotic popu-
    lations within major habitats along the coastline.   Areas
    most likely to be impacted by floating and dissolved oil
    have been studied      intensely.  Possible acute and
    chronic effects of oil  on the primarily non-motile biota
    are predicted, and possible secondary effects  on marine
    life feeding on affected littoral populations  are con-
    sidered.

    [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4):#W77-01846.
    1977]
    C-l506-77
    TOXICITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROPERTIES OF CHEMICALS  USED  IN
    WELL-DRILLING OPERATIONS
    Zitko, V.  1975.
    Environmental Aspects of Chemical  Use in Well-Drilling
    Operations, Houston, 1975.  p.  311-329.
    Drilling, Oil wells, Toxicity,  Environmental  effects,  Fish,
    *Salmon, *Drilling muds
    The acute toxicities of several organic  oil well  drilling
    mud components to juvenile Atlantic salmon were tested.
    Benzoic acid, benzene derivatives, naphthalene, substi-
    tuted imidazolines and Na petroleum sulfonates were
    tested and found to have less pronounced environmental
    effects than the physical action of suspended solids.
    [from Chemical Abstracts 86(15):#101602d. 1977]
2.  SOCIAL EFFECTS


    C-l507-77
    ONSHORE POLICY RESEARCH AND OFFSHORE OIL:   A BRITISH
    PERSPECTIVE
    Mitchell, J.  K.  1975.
    The Present and Future of Coasts, Proceedings of the First
    Annual Conference of the Coastal Society,  Arlington,
    Virginia, 1975.  p. 241-246.
    Offshore drilling, Onshore impacts, Socio-economic effects,
    Production
    Alternative patterns of onshore social and physical
    impacts of the location of offshore drilling wells, levels
                          187

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    of production, regulatory controls, and other factors
    are discussed.  Without adequate data on existing socio-
    economic conditions in the U.S., the potential benefits
    of East Coast oil are apt to be outweighed by the
    deleterious effects on an unprepared society.

    [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(9):#W77-04484.
    1977]
3.  ECONOMIC EFFECTS
    C-1508-77
    EXPLOITATION OF THE SEA (in French)
    Didou, H.  1976.
    Ame*nagement No. 40: 20-23.

    Offshore development, Economic effects, Contamination,
    Fisheries, France

    The views and fears of Breton fishermen are expressed with
    respect to oil prospecting, extraction of sands, devel-
    opment of naval ship repair yards, and cement works.  The
    serious economic risks to fishing and mariculture by
    marine pollution (urban, industrial, agricultural, and
    maritime sources) are emphasized.

    [from Aquatic Sciences & Fisheries Abstracts 7(3):#7Q3176.
    1977]
4-  GENERAL EFFECTS


    C-1509-77
    ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PETROLEUM
    AND PETROCHEMICAL INDUSTRY [in Russian]
    Alkhazov, T. G.  1976,
    Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Neft i Gaz 19(3)
    82-85

    Oil industry, Development, Refineries, Petrochemicals,
    Environmental effects

    "A review with no references."

    [from Chemical Abstracts 86(10):#59703k.  1977]
                         188

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C-1510-77
CALIFORNIA CLAIMS PRESENT DCS PROGRAM "CRUDE" (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Offshore 38(5):275-276
OCS, Oil-gas leasing, Offshore development, Onshore
impacts, Pollution control, California
Governor Brown's Office of Planning & Research is critical
of federal offshore oil-gas leasing strategy because
California must live within the onshore economic, social
and environmental consequences of that development.  The
report calls for better oil spill control techniques and
pollution control compliance inspection, better contin-
gency planning on community levels, and streamlined spill
liability assessment and damage compensation..  The report
urges the identification and protection of marine fish-
eries, recreational resources, and marine mammal breeding
grounds.
C-1511-77
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS OF SELECTED ENERGY CONSERVA-
TION MANUFACTURING PROCESS OPTIONS.  VOLUME 1.  INDUSTRY
SUMMARY REPORT
Anon.  1976.
EPA/600/7-76/034a, Contract EPA-68-03-2198.
Industries, *Energy conservation, Environmental effects,
Refineries, technology innovation
This report assesses the likelihood of new process tech-
nology and practices being introduced by energy intensive
industries and considers the environmental impacts of
such changes.  It covers 13 industries including the
petroleum refining industry.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(9):#PB-262 977/
2GA.  1977]
0-1512-77
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT DEEPWATER PORT REGULATIONS
Anon.  1975.
Final report, U.S. Coast Guard.  241 p.
Ports, Regulations, Environmental effects, Oil discharges,
Safety, EIS, *Deepwater port
The regulations will result in increased safety and a
reduction in oil discharges at deepwater ports.  Adverse
                     189

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environmental effects include slightly increased construc-
tion, operation, and maintenance costs for deepwater ports
and the requirement for a vessel traffic separation scheme
to prevent alternative uses of that area of the ocean.
The regulations will not eliminate oil spills, regulate
pipelines, control secondary development, nor set design
standards for tankers.  Alternatives to the regulations
are discussed.
[from MRIS Abstracts 14:#14 135389.  1976]


C-1513-77
MARINE ENVIRONMENTALISTS BASCOM AND GOODWIN COMMENT ON
TECHNOLOGY'S IMPACT ON OFFSHORE ECOLOGY
Anon.  1977.
Journal of Petroleum Technology, April:373-377.

Offshore drilling, Offshore development, Platforms,
Environmental effects, Regulations, Oil industry

An informal dialogue is presented in which two marine
environmentalists separately respond to questions about
how offshore resource development, especially oil-gas
development,affects marine ecology.  Environmental regu-
lations, chronic oil pollution from offshore production,
and marine life on and around offshore platforms are
briefly discussed.


C-1514-77
PROPOSED 1975 OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF OIL AND GAS GENERAL
LEASE SALE, OFFSHORE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA:  DCS SALE NO.
35.  VOL 1-3
Bankland, C.  1975.
Draft environmental statement, Report NP-20499/P1. 2035 p.

Environmental effects, DCS, Oil-gas leasing, California
coast, EIS, Offshore development

Volume 1 (807 p.) of this 3-volume draft environmental
impact statement consists of descriptions of the proposal
and the environment, including geology, climate, oceanog-
raphy, marine organisms and habitats, environmental
problems, and historical and projected economic growth.
Volume 2 (510 p.) discusses the environmental  impact of
the proposal, mitigating factors, unavoidable  adverse
environmental effects, the merits of short-term use'vs.
long-term productivity, irreversible commitment of
resources, and alternatives to the proposed action.
Volume 3 (718 p.) contains the 23 appendices for the
Draft environmental impact statement.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(12):#231,631-231,633.   1977]
                    190

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C-1515-77
NATURE OF POTENTIAL OIL INDUSTRY OPERATIONS ON THE
ATLANTIC CONTINENTAL SHELF
Bell, E. 0.  1976.
Effects of Energy-Related Activites on the Atlantic Con-
tinental Shelf, Upton, N.Y., 1975.  p. 12-30.  Proceed-
ings.

Offshore development, Oil industry, Oil wells, DCS,
Environmental effects, Atlantic Coast

Offshore oil industry activities from the first seismic
survey through the exploratory drilling, development, and
production stage are reviewed.  With some 20,000 offshore
oil and gas wells across the U.S., no incident that has
resulted in permanent damage to the environment has
occurred.  The oil industry has the technical skills and
the organization to protect the environment  and  meet the
future needs of the people.

[from Selected Water Resource  Abstracts 10(10):#W77-
04936.  1977]
C-1516-77
POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF TERTIARY OIL
RECOVERY
Braxton, C., R. Stephens, C. Muller, J. White, and
J. Post.  1976.
Final report, Contract EPA-68-01-1912.  229 p.

Production, Environmental effects, *Tertiary oil recovery
methods, Groundwater, Water quality, Models          ,
Potential environmental problems which are associated with
a variety of enhanced oil recovery methods are described.
Possible impacts on groundwater and water quality are
assessed using dispersion modeling and risk estimates.
Additional research needs are identified.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(4):#PB-260 6467
5GA.  1977]
                     191

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C-1517-77
THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF COASTS
Coastal Society.  1975.
Proceedings of the First Annual Conference of the Coastal
Society, Arlington, Va., 1975.  287 p.

Offshore development, Coasts, Environmental effects,
Resource management, Conferences, *Coastal impacts

The problem of offshore oil development is discussed by
members of Congress, oil industry, and ecological conser-
vation organizations.  The conference looked at planning,
resource development, environmental impact, and the ways
in which man and the coastal zone interact in an effort
to obtain and maintain environmental quality along the
shore.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(9);#W77-04462.
1977]
C-1518-77
OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES PROGRAM.
SUMMARY RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE TRACE METAL AND HYDRO-
CARBON SEMINARS SPONSORED BY THE BUREAU OF LAND MANAGE-
MENT, WASHINGTON, D.C., SEPTEMBER 8-12, 1975
Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management,
Marine Minerals Division.  1975.
Aerospace Report No. ATR-76(7504)-5,  Section 2 (Hydro-
carbon Seminar).  28 p.

Offshore development, OCS, BLM, Environmental effects,
Hydrocarbons, *Trace metals

Summary not available.

[from On Effects of Oil Pollution in Arctic and Subarctic
Waters.  Seattle, Northwest Marine Fisheries Center,
September, 1976]
C-1519-77
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON OFFSHORE OIL POTENTIAL AND
RELATED LAND USE IMPACT IN THE CENTRAL CALIFORNIA COASTAL
ZONE
Doyle, W. T. (ed.).  1975.
University of California (Santa Cruz), Coastal Marine
Studies Special Publication No. 3.  iii + 81 p.

Offshore development, California coast, Onshore impacts,
Legislation

The transcript of several presentations are given.  Topics
covered include the geologic setting of the Central
                    192

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California Coastal Zone (CCCZ); estimates of CCCZ poten-
tial offshore oil resources; a review of offshore
extraction and onshore facilities; a discussion of
potential CCCZ land and resource use conflicts resulting
from offshore development; and legal issues of offshore
and coastal development.
C-l520-77
YUKON DELTA COASTAL PROCESSES STUDY
Dupre, W. R., and D. M. Hopkins.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March
1976.  Vol. 13.  p. 5-40.
Offshore development, Environmental effects, Oil spills,
OCS, Alaska, *6eology, *Hydrology, *Yukon delta
The Quaternary faults and volcanoes which characterize
much of the Yukon delta constitute serious geological
constraints on the selection of transportation corridors.
The siting of offshore petroleum facilities must take
into account the extent of shorefast ice, the possibility
of offshore permafrost, and the possible effects of
altering offshore bathymetry in changing coastal stabil-
ity.  In addition, the effects of possible oil spills
must take into account the northward drift of water and
sediments and the local and seasonal, variability of
current patterns.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03255.
1977]
C-l521-77
AN ENVIRONMENTAL OVERVIEW OF UNITED STATES ENERGY FUTURES
Gage, S. J.  1976.
EPA Report 600/7-76-002.  p. 15-25.
Offshore production, Environmental effects, U.S., Oil
shale, Development
"A general discussion and prediction of the environmental
impacts of energy production in the United States.
Briefly treated are the impacts of petroleum production
in the marine environment, coal mining, especially sur-
face mining, coal utilization, including fluidized bed
combustion, oil shale development, geothermal energy
development and solar energy."
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(6}:#W77-02650.
1977]
                    193

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C-1522-77
TMPACTS OF OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ACTIVITIES;  LAFOURCHE
PARISH, LA.
Happ, 6., V. R. Bennett, W. Burke, III, W. H. Conner, and
N. J. Craig.  1976.
Final report,  NOAA-76121310.  154 p.
Offshore development, OCS, Environmental effects, Oil
spills, Pipelines, Marshes, Louisiana, *Lafourche Parish
The major environmental impacts of OCS activities are:
OCS employment^derived population increases, OCS use
of pipeline ditches and navigational canals, and potential
oil spills.  OCS-use of oil and gas pipeline canals, and
dredging of landfill, muck disposal, and spoil banks are
other sources of environmental impact upon Lafourche
Parish.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(8):#PB-263 412/
9GA.  1977]
C-l523-77
RESULTS OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH PROGRAM IN THE CANA-
DIAN BEAUFORT SEA
Hnatiuk, J.  1977.
Journal of Petroleum Technology, June;604-612.

Offshore drilling, Spill cleanup, Ice, Baseline studies,
Marine organisms, Environmental effects, Arctic, Beaufort
Sea

The general results are presented of a comprehensive envi-
ronmental research program consisting of 33 wildlife,
biological, oceanographic, meteorological, sea ice, and oil
cleanup studies in the Beaufort Sea,  The studies, con-
ducted from 1974 to 1976, are providing the following;
ecological baseline data, a better understanding of the
physical environment, knowledge of possible consequences
of oil spillage, and means for oil cleanup under arctic
conditions.  The results of this joint government-industry
program have been used to set operating constraints for
safeguarding the environment.
C-l524-77
IN THE WAKE OF ARGO MERCHANT (news brief)
Howard, D. V.  1977.
Massachusetts Audubon 16(6):6-7.

Oil-gas leasing, Atlantic Ocean, EIS, Environmental
effects, Fisheries, Argo Merchant spill, BLM, *Georges
Bank

The U.S. Bureau of Land Management hearing on the envi-
ronmental impact statement for the Georges Bank lease

                    194

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sale is reported in light of the Argo Merchant oil spill.
The effects of offshore oil development on New England
fisheries and tourism are discussed.
C-1525-77
Oil Comes to the Shetlands
Koenig, P.  1977.
Audubon 79(2):129-133
Socio-economic effects, Oil industry, Environmental
effects, Production, Scotland, *Sullom Voe
The natural history and socio-economic development of the
Shetland Islands are described.  Oil interest and produc-
tion in Sullom Voe are discussed and the possible environ-
mental effects of this production are presented.  Accounts
of interviews of local citizens around Sullom Voe are
given.
C-l526-77
ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF PRODUCED WATERS FROM OIL AND
GAS EXTRACTION OPERATIONS IN OFFSHORE AND COASTAL WATERS
Koons, C. B., C. D. McAuliffe, and F. T. Weiss.  1977.
Journal of Petroleum Technology  June:723-729.

Offshore production, Extraction, Fate, Hydrocarbons,
Environmental effects, Coasts, *Produced waters
This paper reviews a number of laboratory and field
studies on produced waters and their effects on offshore
and coastal marine environments.  The report was prepared
in order to allay some of the concerns about the fate and
possible detrimental effects of the continued discharge
of hydrocarbons and other organic and inorganic constitu-
ents of produced waters.
C-l527-77
DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT.  PARAHO FULL SIZE
MODULE OIL SHALE RETORT FACILITY
Laramie Energy Research Center.  1977.
ERDA, unnumbered report.  340 p.
Oil shale, Production, EIS, Solid wastes, Disposal,
Restoration, Colorado
An environmental impact statement (EIS) has been prepared
by ERDA for the proposed U.S. Navy-sponsored Paraho oil
shale research project at Anvil Points, Colorado.  For
this project, at least four million tons of oil shale will
                    195

-------
be retorted, and about two million barrels of oil will
be extracted.  The EIS covers the disposal of some 3.6
million tons of spent oil shales in Paraho Canyon and
restoration of the disposal site by compacting, contour-
ing and revegetating.
[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(15):#232, 326.  1977]


C-l528-77
OTC HIGHLIGHTS HYDROCARBON SAFETY
LeBlanc, L.  1977.
Offshore 38(5):179-181.

Offshore production, Safety, Environmental protection,
Pollution prevention, Economics
Producing hydrocarbons under the world's oceans at a
cost near that of land production and doing it safely
both for man and the environment are the two major
topics addressed in the 10th Annual Offshore Technology
Conference held in Houston, May 2-5, 1977.  Over 300
papers are presented, among which are papers on environ-
mental and pollution considerations, geologic hazards,
spill detection, blowout prevention, and environmental
and biological effects of offshore production.


C-l529-77
OIL:  STUDY OF POLLUTION INSURANCE LIABILITY LAWS
Lipeles, V\.  1975.
Environmental Policy Institute research paper.  69 p.

Regulations, Liability,  Insurance, Ships, Ports, Offshore
development

The paper describes and evaluates existing liability
schemes affecting vessels, deepwater ports, and onshore
and offshore facilities.  Particular attention is given
to insurance arrangements that cover such liabilities.
A discussion of the central issues culminates in a com-
parative analysis of the two key proposals pending before
Congress.

[from MRIS Abstracts 14:#14 135863.  1976]
                    196

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C-1530-77
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ONSHORE IMPACT OF OFFSHORE DRILLING
Menard, et al.  1975.
American Enterprise Institute National Energy Project
Conference, Beverly Hills, 1975.  p. 33-65.

Onshore impacts, Offshore drilling, Environmental effects

The seriousness of environmental damage from offshore
drilling is discussed and the value of oceanic baseline
studies is disputed.  The author feels that the main
onshore effects would occur as a result of the need for
supporting equipment and facilities, and that environ-
mental impacts should not be measured in absolute terms
but according to the actual exposure of people to envi-
ronmental "insults".

[from Environment Abstracts 7(1):#77-00339.  1977]


C-1531-77
OFFSHORE DRILLING FOR OIL IN THE BEAUFORT SEA:  A PRELIM-
INARY ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT
Milne, A. R., and B. D. Smiley.  1976.
Canada Department of the Environment, Beaufort Sea
Project technical report, No. 39.  43 p.

Offshore drilling, Oil spills, Spreading, Movement,
Environmental effects, Marine mammals, Birds, Fish,
Beaufort Sea
The report assesses the possibility and effects of an oil
well blowout in the Beaufort Sea.  Using a hypothetical
blowout scenario from three possible drill sites, the
report analyzes the effects of water currents, climate,
weather and ice formation on the spreading, movement
and general fate of oil during different seasons.  The
impact of large spills on climatic patterns, seabirds,
marine mammals and fish are considered, especially those
biological resources considered valuable to man.


C-1532-77
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECT OF FOSSIL FUELS
Morris, S. C.  1975.
Georgia Institute of Technology Conference on Energy/
Environment Cost Benefit Analysis, Atlanta, 1975.  p. 318-
329.
Fossil fuels, Environmental effects, Water quality, Oil
spills
Climatic, air, water, and land effects of fossil fuel
systems are assessed.  Major vectors affecting water
                   197

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originate with coal mine drainage, oil spills, and power plant
cooling.
[from Energy Information Abstracts 2(1):f77-20736.  1977]


C-1533-77
ENWROWNTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE ALASKAN CONTINENTAL SHEl F.
VOLUME 1,  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS' REPORTS APRIL-JUNE 1976.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental
Research Labs.  1976.
NOAA-76122707; NTIS PB-263 064/86A.  951 p.

Offshore development, Environmental effects, OCS, Baseline
studies, Marine organisms, Birds, Alaska
"Thisvolume contains the quarterly reports of baseline studies
on the environmental effects of the development of resources
on the Alaska continental shelf.  Baseline studies encompass
the marine mammals, birds, fish, plankton, benthos and littoral
biota."
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(9):#W77-04200.  1977]


C-1534-77
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE ALASKAN CONTINENTAL SHELF.
VOLUME 2.  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS' REPORTS APRIL-JUNE 1976.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental
Research Labs.  1976.
NOAA-77122708; NTIS PB-263 065/5GA.  873 p.

Offshore development, Environmental effects, OCS, Baseline
studies, Alaska

"This volume contains the quarterly reports of baseline studies
on the environmental effects of the development of resources
on the Alaska continental shelf.  Baseline studies encompass
pollution effects, chemistry and microbiology, physical oceanog-
raphy, geology, ice and data management."

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(9):#W77-04201.  1977]


C-11535-77
COASTAL EFFECTS OF OFFSHORE ENERGY SYSTEMS:  AN ASSESSMENT OF OIL
AND GAS SYSTEMS, DEEP WATER PORTS, AND NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS OFF
THE COAST OF NEW JERSEY AND DELAWARE
Office of Technology Assessment.  1976.
Stock No. 052-003-00245-1.  304 p.

Offshore development, Onshore impacts, Ports, Socio-economic
effects, Coasts, New Jersey, Delaware

Presented is the Office of Technology Assessment's analysis of
probable onshore impacts of three technologies studied off  the
                           198

-------
coast of New Jersey and Delaware.  The study specifically delin-
eates the possible actions Congress may want to consider in
future legislation dealing with offshore oil and gas and deep
water ports.  Possible economic, political, social, and legal
impacts of implementing the technologies are discussed.
C-l536-77
POTENTIAL LAND USE CONFLICTS RESULTING FROM OFFSHORE DRILLING
IN THE CENTRAL CALIFORNIA COASTAL AREA
Pepper, J. E.  1975.
Proceedings of the Symposium on Offshore Oil Potential and
Related Land Use Impacts in the Central California Coastal Zone.
W. T. Doyle (ed.).  p. 51-66.  (University of California, Santa
Cruz , Coastal Marine Studies Special Publication No. 3)

Offshore drilling, Onshore impacts, Pollution prevention,
California coast, *Land use conflicts

Potential adverse impacts of offshore development on Central
California's coastal and land resources, and means for avoiding
resource-use conflicts are explored.  Parts of the California
Coastal Zone Conservation Commission Preliminary Plan are dis-
cussed.  Set forth are policies for controlling or preventing
oil discharges and spills and regulating offshore and onshore
oil-related facilities in scenic, environmentally significant,
or otherwise incompatible areas.           <
C-l537-77
OIL SHALE:  THE PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS OF AN EMERGING ENERGY
INDUSTRY
Rattien, S., and D. Eaton.  1976.
Annual Review of Energy 1:183-212.
Oil shale, Development, Production, Economics, Environmental
effects
Technological, economic, environmental and institutional aspects
of commercial oil shale development are examined.  Although a
commercial shale oil industry appears feasible from a resource
and technology perspective, there remain significant uncertain-
ties about the economics, availability of water supply, and
environmental effects of such development.
[from Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis 2(11):#2113,  1976]
                           199

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C-1538-77
BER BALANCED PROGRAM PLAN:  OIL SHALE TECHNOLOGY
Schulte, H. F., A. K. Stoker, E. E. Campbell, E. C. Anderson,
and G. E. Dials.  1976.
Report LA-6390-MS, Contract W-7405-eng-36.  42 p.
Oil shale, Development, Environmental effects, *Research programs

Twenty-three biomedical and environmental research projects are
described as to program title, scope, milestones, technology time
frame, program unit priority, and estimated program unit cost.

[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(1):#231.  1977]


C-1539-77
AN OILSPILL  RISK  ANALYSIS FOR THE NORTH ATLANTIC OUTER CONTI-
NENTAL SHELF LEASE AREA
Smith, R. A., et al.  1976.
USGS Open-File Report 76-620.  50 p.
Oil spills, Offshore development, DCS, Environmental effects,
Atlantic coast, *Risk analysis
An oil spill risk analysis was conducted to determine relative
environmental hazards of oil development in the North Atlantic
outer continental shelf lease area.  The probability of spill
occurrence, likely path of pollutants from spills, and locations
in space and time of vulnerable recreational and biological
resources are analyzed,and the results are combined to yield
estimates of the overall oil spill risk in the lease area.
[from Environment Abstract 7(1):#77-00338.  1977]


C-1540-77
HYDRODYNAMICS OF AN OIL WELL BLOWOUT
Topham, D. R.  1975.
Canada Department of the Environment, Beaufort Sea Project
technical report, No. 33.  52 p.

Oil wells, *Submarine blowout simulation, Models, Containment,
Fate

Shallow submarine oil well blowout situations were simulated by
releasing continuous streams of air and gas/oil mixtures at
depths of 23 and 60 m.  In all cases, a central rising plume with
radial surface flow patterns and a ring of waves concentric with
the plume center were noted.  The ring of waves was found  to
provide a certain amount of natural containment, causing the
streams of emulsified oil to coalesce and be retained within the
wave ring.
                           200

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C-1541-77
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF ALASKA OUTER CONTI-
NENTAL SHELF PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT
University of Alaska.  1975.
Washington, D. C., Alaska Outer Continental Shelf Office,
Bureau of Land Management, 1975.  97 p.

Offshore development, Social effects, Economic effects, Alaska

The document relates the interrelations among the physical,
economic, social, individual, and political phenomena that
condition human welfare.  The analysis is organized in terms
of geographical entities: the State of Alaska, the several
regions within which the oil and gas development will take
place, and the local communities where social-cultural integra-
tion  takes place.

[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(2):#3333.  1977]
C-1542-77
OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ENVIRONMENT ASSESSMENT PROGRAM IN THE
BEAUFORT SEA
Weller, G.  1976.
Arctic Bulletin 2(9):125-142,

Biological effects, Offshore development, OCS, Habitat, Onshore
impacts, Spill cleanup, Pollution prevention

An account of the title investigation is described.  The major
biological populations and habitats subject to possiblejmpact
by petroleum exploration and development are discussed.  Neces-
sarysupport facilities to meet production systems and onshore
developments are presented.  Spill prevention and cleanup
operations are evaluated.
C-l543-77
OIL SHALE DEVELOPMENT
Wellman, P.  1976.
Intersociety Energy Conversion Engineering Conference, llth,
State Line, Nevada, 1976.  New York, AIChE, 1976.  SAE Paper
769316.  Vol. 1. p.336-340.
Oil shale, Development, Economics, Environmental effects

"Policy and economic problems affecting utilization of kerogen
from oil shale are discussed.  Environmental constraints are
analyzed and the need of long range planning and government
co-sponsored development is emphasized."
[from The Engineering Index Monthly 15(3):#018658.  1977]
                          201

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E.   FATE OF OIL IN THE  ENVIRONMENT

    1.   BIODEGRADATION


        C-1544-77
        MICROBIOLOGICAL CYCLING  OF  OIL  IN  ESTUARINE  MARSHLANDS
        Ahearn, D. G.,  S.  A.  Crow,  and  N.  H.  Berner.   1976.
        Estuarine Processes,  Uses,  Stresses,  and Adaptation  to  the
        Estuary.   New York, Academic  Press,  1976.  Vol.  1.   p.483-492.

        Biodegradation, Crude oil,  Microorganisms, Marshes,  Estuaries

        This report examines  the effects of  Louisiana  crude  oil  and  a
        mixed culture of yeasts  on  the  indigenous microbial  flora.   The
        hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria  and yeasts increased  at  sites
        accidentally or experimentally  inundated with  crude  oil.  Marsh
        sediments contained low  populations  of hydrocarbonoclastic fungi
        with few strains showing significant  oil-emulsifying properties.
        In culture, a mixed culture of  Candida maltosa and C. lipolytica
        gave significant emulsification of crude oil and utilized up to
        90% of selected hydrocarbons.


        C-1545-77
        ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL  INTERACTIONS  OF MICROORGANISMS  AND
        POLLUTANTS RESULTING  FROM PETROLEUM  DEVELOPMENT ON THE  OUTER
        CONTINENTAL SHELF  IN  THE BEAUFORT  SEA
        Atlas, R. M. 1976.
        Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental  Shelf.
        Principal Investigators'  Reports for  the Year  Ending March 1976,
        Vol.  9.  p.1-286.

        Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Microorganisms,  Offshore  development,
        OCS,  Beaufort Sea, Baseline studies

        A baseline description was  established of microbial  communities
        in the Beaufort Sea.   Included  is  quantitative information on
        the occurrence  of  physiological groups of microorganisms, the
        qualitative taxonomic characteristics of dominant microorganism
        species,  and the ability of indigenous microorganisms to trans-
        form petroleum  hydrocarbons entering  the ecosystem from OCS
        development.

        [from. Selected  Water  Resources  Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03217.   1977]
                                    202

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C-1546-77
ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL INTERACTIONS OF MICROORGANISMS AND
POLLUTANTS RESULTING FROM PETROLEUM DEVELOPMENT ON THE OUTER
CONTINENTAL SHELF IN THE GULF OF ALASKA
Atlas, R. M.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 9.  p.287-345.

Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Microorganisms, Offshore develop-
ment, OCS, Gulf of Alaska, Baseline studies

A baseline description was established of microbial communities
in the Gulf of Alaska.  Included is quantitative information
on the occurrence of physiological groups of microorganisms,
the qualitative taxonomic characteristics of dominant microbial
species, and the ability of indigenous microorganisms to trans-
form petroleum hydrocarbons entering the ecosystem from OCS
development.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03217.  1977]


C-1547-77
FATE AND EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTANTS IN EXTREMELY COLD MARINE
ENVIRONMENTS
Atlas, R. M.  1976.
Annual Report No. 4S Contract N00014-76-C-0400.  39p.

Biodegradation, Crude oil, Petroleum products, Toxicity,
Crustaceans, Monitoring, Arctic, *Amphipods

Simulation of oil biodegradation in Arctic coastal marine waters
indicated very slow degradation.  Microbial degradation was
enhanced by addition of nutrients.  Low concentrations of
soluble/dispersed oil resulted in sublethal changes in the move-
ment and feeding of arctic amphipods; higher concentrations
proved lethal.  Microorganisms were found to be useful in
monitoring hydrocarbon contamination levels.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(5):#AD-A033 477/1GA.
1977]
 C-1548-77
 ISOLATION AND STUDY OF A NEW MARINE BACTERIUM GROWING ON HYDRO-
 CARBONS.  II. MECHANISMS OF LYSIS AND VIABILITY [English summary]
 Bertrand, J. C., H. Bazin, and E. Azoulay.   1976.
 Annales De Microbiologie Bl27(3):393-409.
 Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Bacteria, *Lysis, *Ionic concentration

 The growth of the marine bacterium L.I6.1  is dependent on the
 presence of a well-defined NaCl  concentration in the medium and
                            203

-------
will undergo lysis on transfer from high to low ionic environments.
This lytic phenomenon can be prevented by the presence of sodium
or divalent cations and appears to be due to the loss of magnesium
and calcium ions by the cells.
C-1549-77
ISOLATION AND STUDY OF A NEW MARINE BACTERIUM GROWING ON HYDRO-
CARBONS.  III. OXIDATION OF SUBSTRATES AND EFFECTS OF DETERGENTS
ON THE CELLS [English summary]
Bertrand, J. C., H. Bazin, S. Mutaftschiev, and E. Azoulay.   1976.
Annales De Microbiologie B127(3):411-427.
Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Bacteria, Oxidation, Toxicity,
Surfactants, *Ionic concentration, *Detergents

The oxidation of exogenous hexadecane by cells of the bacterial
strain L.16.1 is a function of intracellular and extracellular
sodium and potassium ion concentrations.  Cells which lost their
sodium as a result of washing oxidize hexadecane at a very low
rate; this indicates that sodium may play a role in the cytoplasmic
membrane and in the oxidative activities of the cell membrane.
Growth and respiration are inhibited by low concentrations of
ionic detergents, whereas non-ionic detergents can serve as
growth substrates and are oxidized like hexadecane.
C-1550-77
ISOLATION AND STUDY OF A NEW MARINE BACTERIUM GROWING ON
HYDROCARBONS.  I. PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDY [English summary]
Bertrand, J. C., S. Mutaftschiev, H. G. Henkel, H. Bazin, and
E. Azoulay.  1976.
Annales De Microbiologie B127(3):373-391.

Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Bacteria, Coasts, Monitoring

The growth of a bacterial strain isolated from coastal waters
which were polluted by oil-waste was monitored and found to
preferentially utilize alkanes with a carbon number greater
than nine.  This strain is sodium dependent at the physiological
level and is characterized by a high lipid content.


C-1551-77
APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR COMBATTING HYDROCARBON IMPURITIES ON
THE EARTH'S SURFACE, ESPECIALLY ON WATER SURFACES
Bisa, K., and T. Bisa.  1976.
German Offenlegungsschriften (unexamined patent application)
2,506,612

Biodegradation, Oil slicks, Bacteria, Spill cleanup,  Design and
engineering, Patent

Bacteria]  biodegradation of hydrocarbons is proposed  as  a means
of removing oil from water surfaces.  An apparatus is described

                            204

-------
which disperses an aqueous suspension of bacteria and nutrients
as an aerosol over the water surface  and uses compressed air
as a propel!ant gas.

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#78264j.  1977]


C-1552-77
IMPACT OF, THE USE OF MICROORGANISMS ON THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
Bourquin, A. W., D. 6. Ahearn, and S. P. Meyers.  1975.
Report EPA 660-3-75-001.

Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Microorganisms, *Aquatic environment
Summary not available.

[from S. P. Meyers, Louisiana State University Station,  P.O.  Box
19090-A, Baton Rouge, LA  70803]


C-1553-77
BIODEGRADATION OF CRUDE PETROLEUM BY THE INDIGENOUS MICROBIAL
FLORA OF THE BEAUFORT SEA
Bunch, J. N., and R. C. Karl and.  1976.
Canada Department of the Environment.  Beaufort Sea Project
Technical Report No. 10.  52p.

Biodegradation, Crude oil, Microorganisms, Sampling, Biological
effects, Beaufort Sea

Microbial sampling was conducted in the South Beaufort Sea during
the summer of 1974-1975, and indigenous heterotrophic flora
collected were found to be predominantly psychrophilic.   This
report describes the sampling, laboratory procedures, and
determination of the biodegradation potentials and rates,
optimal temperature ranges, and nutrient requirements for
different microbial cultures.  Results indicate that optimal
biodegradation occurred at 20°C or below and that the indigenous
flora did not respond adversely to moderate inputs of petroleum.


C-1554-77
UTILIZATION OF CRUDE OIL AND MIXED HYDROCARBON SUBSTRATE BY
ATLANTIC OCEAN MICROORGANISMS
Conrad, B. F., J. D. Halker, and R. R. Colwell.  1976.
Developments in Industrial Microbiology.  L. A. Underkofler (ed.).
Washington, D. C., American Institute Biological Sciences, 1976.
Vol. 17.  p.283-291.  Proceedings of General Meeting of the
Society for Industrial Microbiology, 32nd, 1975.

Biodegradation, Crude oil, Hydrocarbons, Microorganisms,
Sampling, Atlantic Ocean

Sediment samples collected at three stations off the coast of
North Carolina were examined for petroleum-degrading microorganisms,
                            205

-------
A South Louisiana crude oil and a mixture of hydrocarbons served
as substrates in the study.  The mixed hydrocarbon substrate
yielded larger bacterial populations than the South Louisiana
crude oil.  Microorganisms sampled from the deep-ocean environ-
ment (3500 m) provided significant degradation of crude oil and
mixed hydrocarbon substrate, when culture conditions were
optimum for growth, compared with sediment collected from the
near-shore environment (8m).
C-1555-77
PSYCHROPHILIC HYDROCARBON - DEGRADING BACTERIA FROM NARRAGANSET
BAY, RHODE ISLAND
Cundell, A. M., and R. U. Traxler.  1976.
Material und Organisrnen 11(1):1-17.

Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Bacteria, Narraganset  Bay,
*Growth studies

Representative bacterial isolates were screened on n-hexadecane,
methylcyclohexane, p-xylene, n-hexylbenzene and naphthalene to
demonstrate their ability to grow at the expense of a range of
hydrocarbons on solid media at 0, 8, 16, and 24°C.  Growth on
the hydrocarbons at all temperatures indicated that the bacteria
were facultative psychrophiles.  Results of growth rate studies
for two hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria grown on n-dodecane and
naphthalene are presented.
C-1556-77
THE RATE OF MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL IN A BEACH GRAVEL COLUMN
Gibbs, C. F., and S. J. Davis.  1976.
Microbial Ecology 3(l):55-64.

Biodegradation, Crude oil, Microorganisms, Beaches, Oxidation,
*Beach gravel

The biodegradation of crude oil in coarse beach gravel was
followed using an automatic continuous flow respirometer.  After
an initial addition of nitrate and phosphate nutrients to begin
the oxidation processes, biodegradation rates gradually increased
without further addition of nutrients.

[from Biological Abstracts 63(5):#26131.  1977]
                           206

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C-1557-77
MICROBIAL ASPECTS OF THE DETERIORATION OF MATERIALS
Gilbert, R. J., and D. W. Lovelock (eds.).  1975.
New York, Academic Press, 1975.  261 p.
(Society for Applied  Bacteriology  technical  series  no.  9).

Biodegradation, Petroleum products, Fuels, Microorganisms

Included are fourteen papers presented at the Autumn Demonstra-
tion Meeting of the Society of Applied Bacteriology, October 24,
1973, in London.  Biodeterioration of petroleum products and
fuels are among the topics covered.

[from The Engineering Index Monthly 15(2):#010972.  1977]


C-1558-77
HYDROCARBON UTILIZATION BY BREVIBACTERIUM, AZOTOMONAS,
PROTAMINOBACTERIUM, MYCOCOCCUS AND AEROMONAS
Lonsane, B. K., K. Vadalkar, H. D. Singh, and 0. N.  Baruah.
1976.
Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 14(6):734-736.
Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Metabolism, Bacteria

"Morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics of 7
bacterial isolates capable of utilizing hydrocarbons as sole
C source, reveal that 3 isolates belong to the genus Aeromonas
and 1 each to  Brevibacterium, Protaminobacter,  Mycocococcus.
and Azotomonas.  The isolates grow on gas oil and n-alkanes.
The hydrocarbon-utilizing abilities of Protaminobacter.
Azotomonas, and Aeromonas were not previously known."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(9):#52541x.  1977]


C-1559-77
POLLUTION BY HYDROCARBONS AND THE FIGHT AGAINST  IT  [English
summary]
Mardirossian,  J.  1976.
Industrie du Petrole dans le Monde-Gaz-Chimie 44(474):74-75,
77,79,82.
Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Microorganisms, Pollution control

The biological requirements underlying microbial biodegradation
of hydrocarbons in water and the acceleration of microbial
oxidation by use of concentrated activated muds  and thorough
aeration are discussed.  Sensitivity of microbes to toxic
substances is  described; and recent attempts to  develop fast-
acting and efficient petroleum-degrading microorganisms are
outlined.

[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(14):#232,061.  1977]
                           207

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C-1560-77
SELF-PURIFICATION IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF THE BLACK SEA [in
Russian]
Mironov, 0. 6., L. N. Kiryukhina, M.  I. Kucherenko, and E.  P.
Tarkhova.  1975.
Kiev, USSR, Naukova Dumka, 1975.  143p.

Biodegradation, Bacteria, Coasts, *Coastal waters, Sediments,
Black Sea, USSR
The self-purification of coastal waters and bottom sediments of
the Black Sea was evaluated by determining the abundance, number
of species, diversity and composition, distribution, and
biochemical characteristics of oil-metabolizing microorganisms.
Several genera of petroleum-oxidizing bacteria were isolated
in the study area and their capacity for metabolizing oil was
examined.

[from Biological Abstracts 63(4):#19684.   1977]


C-1561-77
BASELINE STUDY OF MICROBIAL ACTIVITY IN THE BEAUFORT SEA AND
GULF OF ALASKA AND ANALYSIS OF CRUDE OIL DEGRADATION BY
PSYCHROPHILIC BACTERIA
Morita, R. Y., and R. P. Griffiths.   1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March  1976.
Vol. 10. p.147-191.
Biodegradation, Acute effects, Crude oil, Bacteria, Uptake,
Metabolism, Beaufort Sea, Gulf of Alaska, Baseline studies

The acute effects of crude oil exposure on the uptake and
respiration of glutamic acid by a natural microbial population
were studied.  During initial stages of incubation, the levels
of activity were lower in the crude oil enrichment, but as
incubation progressed, the levels of activity increased.
Psychrophilic crude oil-degrading bacteria are probably
quite rare in Beaufort Sea waters.  Most of the crude oil-
degrading bacteria are probably psychrotrophic.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03223.   1977]
                           208

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C-1562-77
THE MICROBIAL DEGRADATION OF OIL IN CONTINUOUS CULTURE
Pritchard, P. H., and T. J. Starr.  1975.
Annual Report No. 2, ONR 00014-73-C-0074; NTIS AD/A-013 322.
81p.

Biodegradation, Oil spills, Bacteria, Fate, Emulsification,
Dispersions, Weathering

The development and testing of a continuous culture system for
the microbial degradation of oil in aquatic ecosystems are
described.  The fate of a mini oil spill under laboratory
conditions is presented.  Slow emu!sification, dispersion,
and chemical alteration of the oil were followed by a bacterial
attack; the degradation process was not necessarily enhanced
by the addition of detergents.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(6) :#W77-3012.  1977]


C-1563-77
BIODEGRADATION OF OIL BY MARINE MICROORGANISMS AT POTENTIAL
OFF-SHORE DRILLING SITES
Seesman, P. A., J. D. Walker, and R. R. Colwell.  1976.
Developments in Industrial Microbiology,  L. A.  Underkofler (ed.),
Washington, D. C., American Institute Biological Sciences, 1976.
Vol. 17.  p.293-297.  Proceedings of General Meeting of the
Society for Industrial Microbiology, 32nd, 1975.

Biodegradation, Crude oil, Microorganisms, Sampling, Atlantic
coast, Offshore drilling, *0il development sites
Surface seawater samples collected at sites of potential oil
exploration along the U.S. southeastern Atlantic Coast were
examined for bacteria capable of degrading South Louisiana
crude oil.  Results suggest that oil degradation was limited
by P04 and NH4 concentration.    Relatively little degradation
of crude oil was effected by microorganisms in seawater samples
collected at the sites included in the study.


C-1564-77
QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN A SURFACE
LAYER [in Russian]
Semenov, A. D., L. F. Pavlenko, and A. G. Stradomskaya.  1975.
Gidrokhimicheskie Materialy 62:166-173.
Biodegradation, Oil spills, Petroleum products, Bacteria

"The surface layer contained 70-90% petroleum products.  This
dropped to 20-40% after 20 days.  Biodegrading bacteria was
larger in the spill than in the water.  Aliphatic and aromatic
hydrocarbon concentrations were 55-90 and 12-45%, respectively."

[from Chemical Abstracts 86(10):#60309t.  1977]
                           209

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C-1565-77
MICROBIAL METABOLISM, OF ALICYCLIC HYDROCARBONS - ISOLATION AND
PROPERTIES OF A CYCLOHEXANE-DEGRADING BACTERIUM
Stirling, L. A., R. J. Watkinson, and I. J. Higgins.   1977.
The Journal of General Microbiology 99(1):119-125.

Biodegradation, Hydrocarbons, Metabolism, Bacteria, Estuaries,
*Cyclohexane degradation

A bacterium which grows on cyclohexane as a sole carbon and
energy source has been isolated from estuarine mud flats.  The
organism is auxotrophic for biotin and grows on cyclohexane
with a mean generation time of 10 hours and ay sub of 59.9 9
dry wt (mol cyclohexane)-!.  Growth, respiration, and enzyme
studies are consistent with the degradation of cyclohexane via
cyclohexanol, cyclohexanone, e-caprolactone and 6-hydroxycaproate.
C-1566-77
BACTERIONEUSTON AND PROBLEM OF DEGRADATION IN SURFACE FILMS OF
ORGANIC SUBSTANCES RELEASED INTO THE SEA
Tsiban, A. V.  1976.
Seventh International Conference on Water Pollution Research.
Technical papers.  S. H. Jenkins (ed.). Oxford, Pergamon Press,
1976.  p.793-799.

Biodegradation, Oil slicks, Bacteria, Neuston, Black Sea, Caspian
Sea, Gulf of Alaska, *Azov Sea

Bacterioneuston degradation of natural and artificial organic oil
films is described and investigations conducted in the Black,
Caspian, and Azov Seas, and in the Alaskan Gulf are presented.
Water samples and bacteria were isolated and studied.

[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(6)-.#14864.  1977]
C-1567-77
DEGRADATION OF HYDROCARBONS AND MIXED HYDROCARBON SUBSTRATE BY
MICROORGANISMS FROM CHESAPEAKE BAY
Walker, J. D., and R. R. Colwell.  1976.
Seventh International Conference on Water Pollution Research.
Technical papers.  S. H. Jenkins (ed.).  Oxford, Pergamon
Press, 1976.  p.783-791.
Biodegradation, Aromatic hydrocarbons, Microorganisms, Bacteria,
Sediments, Chesapeake Bay
Microorganisms isolated from Colgate Creek in Baltimore Harbor
of Chesapeake Bay were capable of degrading paraffinic, mono-,
and dicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of the type occurring in
sediment from that area.  Higher numbers of petroleum-degrading
bacteria were found in Poole's Island samples; these bacteria
may be responsible for the oil content reduction.
[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(6):#14933.  1977]

                            210

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    C-1568-77
    MICROBIAL  DEGRADATION  OF EMPIRE  MIX CRUDE  OIL
    Wyman,  J.  F.,  and  L. R.  Brown.   1976.
    Developments  in  Industrial  Microbiology.   L. A.  Underkofler (ed.).
    Washington,  D. C.,  American Institute  Biological  Sciences,  1976.
    Vol.  17.   p.321-329.   Proceedings  of General Meeting  of the
    Society for  Industrial  Microbiology, 32nd, 1975.

    Biodegradation,  Crude  oil,  Microorganisms, Bacteria,  Estuaries
    In the  absence of  added nitrogen and phosphorus,  degradation was
    minimal  after 120  hr of incubation. In the presence  of these
    elements,  maximum  growth, respiration, and aliphatic  utilization
    occurred during  the first 24 hr.   No even  or odd  chain  preference
    was observed.  Extended incubation for 672 hr  revealed  that
    aliphatics were  preferentially utilized.   Decomposition of  filter-
    sterilized oil by the three bacterial isolates was  analyzed by gas
    chromatography after  108 hr of incubation  and  results are presented.
2.  PHYSICAL CHANGES OF OIL


    C-1569-77
    BEHAVIOR OF OIL SPILLED IN ICE-COVERED RIVERS
    Chen, E. C., et al.  1976.
    Environment Canada Scientific Series Report 61.   41p.

    Crude oil, Spreading, Behavior, Coalescence, Emu!sification,  Ice,
    Rivers
    The spreading and behavior of Norman Wells crude oil  injected into
    fresh water under ice was determined experimentally.   When  injected
    into still water, the oil  separates into droplets and  rises  to the
    water-ice interface where the droplets coalesce  to form a spreading
    slick.  Under turbulent conditions, stable oil-in-water and water-
    in-oil emulsions are formed.   The spreading oil  does  not adhere to
    the ice undersurface, but if the ice continues to grow, alternating
    layers of oil and ice are formed.

    [from Environment Abstracts 7(2):#77-01300.  1977]
                                 211

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C-1570-77
REVIEW OF OIL SPREADING ON THE SEA
Hoult, D. P.  1976.
Effects of Energy-Related Activities on the Atlantic Continental
Shelf, Upton, NY, 1975.  p.64-69.   Proceedings.
Oil slicks, Spreading, Drift, Physical effects,  Weathering

The inertia and buoyancy of an oil slick and the drag of the
water under it are discussed.  These factors influence the rate
at which an oil spill spreads and the effect of currents on its
drift.  Other factors include:  surface tension, different
boiling point fractions of the oil, the rate of aging of the
oil, wind, waves, and currents.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(10):#W77-04940.   1977]


C-1571-77
EVALUATION OF GROUND WATER DEGRADATION RESULTING FROM WASTE
DISPOSAL TO ALLUVIUM NEAR BARSTOW, CALIFORNIA
Hughes, J. L.  1975.
U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 878.   33p.

Groundwater, Contamination, Wastewater disposal, Spreading,
California

The  downgradient spreading of plumes of contaminated ground-
water polluted by several decades of infiltration from municipal
sewage and industrial effluents has been studied.  Contaminants
include oil, grease, surfactants, phenols, and other organic
and inorganic  substances.    Three-dimensional mapping has
established the directions and rates of spreading of the contami-
nated groundwater plumes toward a U.S. Marine Corps water supply.

[from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(3):#773.
1977]
C-1572-77
A MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF EVAPORATION AND DISSOLUTION FROM OIL
SPILLS ON ICE, LAND, WATER AND UNDER ICE
Leinonen, P. J., and D. Mackay.  1975.
Water Pollution Research Canada 10:132-141.

Oil spills, Crude oil, Models, Evaporation, Solution, Hydrocarbons,
Toxicity

Mathematical models are presented which quantify the processes
of evaporation and dissolution of crude oil hydrocarbons on
water, ice, land surfaces, and under ice.  In surface spills,
the lower alkanes (Ci-Cs) are lost 100 times more rapidly by
                            212

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evaporation than by dissolution, the higher alkanes (C>io)
evaporate even more rapidly, and the toluene concentration
drops rapidly due to its volatility.  Naphthalenes, however,
dissolve readily and are maintained indefinitely.  Under ice,
the oil changes very little in composition} therefore, the
toxic components have a greater tendency to reach concentrations
sufficient to pose a biological threat.
[from Chemical Abstracts 86(18):#126640c. 1977]
C-1573-77
THE PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF CRUDE OIL SPILLS ON NORTHERN TERRAIN
Mackay, D., M. E. Charles, and C. R. Phillips.  1975.
Environmental Social Program Northern Pipelines No. 73-42.
Information Canada Cat. No. R72-9173.

Oil spills, Spreading, Absorption, Ice, Solubility, Behavior,
Cleanup, Arctic

This report describes the results of the second year's work
in a program to study the physical aspects of crude oil spills
on the terrain of the Mackenzie Valley.  The following topics
are covered:  spills on the Mackenzie River; spreading; sorption
of land; oil spill studies; oil-snow-ice interactions; aqueous
solubility of northern crude oils; prediction of the behavior
of arctic oil spills; and cleanup technology.
C-1574-77
THE INTERACTION OF OIL WITH SEA ICE IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN
Martin, S.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 14.  p.1-7.
Oil spills, Ice, Coasts, Alaska, Arctic Ocean, *0il-ice inter-
action
The study concentrates on the small-scale properties of sea ice:
salinity, temperature, and crystal structure.  Research is
divided into a laboratory experiment on ice growth in a wave
field, which simulates parts of the Bering Sea, and a field
survey which consists of taking ice cores from the Beaufort Sea
at different times of the year.  Results will be used to outline
the various ways in which the sea ice of the Alaskan coast will
entrain and interact with an oil spill or blow-out under the ice.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-Q3267.  1977]
                           213

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    C-1575-77
    MOVEMENT OF OIL UNDER SEA ICE
    Rosenegger, L.  W.   1975.
    Canada Department  of the  Environment,  Beaufort  Sea Technical
    Report No.  28.   81p.

    Crude oil,  Movement, Ice

    An evaluation of some of  the factors  affecting  the flow  and
    areal distribution of crude oil  under a sea  ice canopy is
    presented.   Results of laboratory investigations of  the
    following parameters are  discussed:   interfacial tension and
    motion of crude oil bubbles under sea  ice, penetration of  oil
    into sea ice, equilibrium thickness of a crude  oil film  on
    water under arctic conditions,  and redistribution of solutes
    in the oil.
    C-1576-77
    THE INTERACTION OF WAVES AND OIL SPILL
    Stewart, R.  J.   1976.
    Sea Grant Program Report No.  MITSG-75-22.   203p.

    Oil spills,  Movement,  Spreading, *Wave interaction  analysis

    The combined effects of interfacial  elasticity and  multiple
    fluid layer  geometries upon the first order properties  of
    surface waves are analyzed for application  to oil spills; the
    second order mass transit properties are discussed  in light
    of the first.  The technique of matched asymptotic  expansion
    is used in conjunction with a small  wave amplitude.

    [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(6):#W77-Q2669.   1977]
3.   CHEMICAL CHANGES OF OIL


    C-1577-77
    ON PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION OF SURFACE FILMS OF PETROLEUM
    HYDROCARBONS
    Hansen,  H.  P.   1974.
    Copenhagen, International  Council  for the Exploration of the
    Sea,  Fisheries Improvement Committee, 1974.   19p.

    Decomposition, Oil  slicks, Hydrocarbons, *Photochemical
    degradation

    Summary  not available.

    [from On Effects of Oil Pollution in Arctic and Subarctic Waters.
    Seattle, Northwest  Marine  Fisheries Center.   September, 1976]
                               214

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4.  GENERAL FATE OF OIL


    C-1578-77
    RECENT SEDIMENTATION AND POLLUTION OF THE GULF OF LION CONTINEN-
    TAL PLATEAU BETWEEN FOS-SUR-MER AND SETE
    Aloisi, J. C., G. Canovet, F. Gadel, H. Got, A. Monaco, F. Vile,
    C. Causse, and M. Pagnon.  1976.
    Bulletin du Bureau Recherches Geologigues et Minieres (France)
    Section 4(2):69-83.

    Hydrocarbons, Sedimentation, Rivers, France, Flocculation, *Gulf
    of Lion

    In a sedimentological and geochemical study of pollution of the
    Rhone River mouth and Gulf of Lion, the area of Sete Frontignon
    contained up to 250 mg hydrocarbons/kg marine sediments.
    Hydrocarbons and other pollutants were concentrated in shallow
    waters at the river mouth where sedimentation was high because
    of nearshore flocculation.

    [from Chemical Abstracts 86(12):#784l5j.  1977]


    C-1579-77
    ARGO MERCHANT RESPONSE TOLD IN PRELIMINARY NOAA REPORT (news
    brief)
    Anon.  1977.
    Sea Technology 18(5):36-37.

    Argo Merchant spill, Fuel oil, Biological effects, Fate, Marine
    organisms, Contamination, NOAA, Atlantic ocean

    The results of a preliminary NOAA study of the Argo Merchant
    tanker oil spill are reviewed.  The study reported that the
    No. 6 fuel oil carried by the tanker did not enter the water
    column but formed large  "pancakes"; that contamination did not
    exceed 250 ppb, and this was diluted to background  levels in a
    few days; and that no oil was observed on the ocean floor under
    the spill area.  However, zooplankton near the spill area were
    contaminated, as were pollock eggs and sand launce larvae near
    the spill site.  Impact  on seabirds and mammals is believed to
    have been minor.
                              215

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C-1580-77
COMPUTERS GO INTO OIL-SPILL FORECAST
Anon-  1977.
Noroil 5(3):25,27,29,31.

Models, Oil spills, Cost analysis, Environmental effects, North
Sea, *Computer simulation

Shell International has developed a computer simulator designed
to quantify the environmental effects of an oil well blowout in
the open sea.  SLIKTRAK simulates offshore oil spills, cleanup
effects, and their associated costs, and provides a fast and
objective evaluation of pollution costs and combat requirements.
This technique has been applied to the North Sea and results have
shown shore pollution to be less than five percent of the spill
volume.
[from Petroleum Abstracts 17(22):#233,872.  1977]


G-1581-77
CONTAMINATION SHORT-LIVED FOLLOWING NORTHEAST SPILL (news brief)
Anon.  1977.
Petroleum Engineer International 49(6):11-12.

Argo Merchant spill» Fuel oil, Fate, Contamination, Marine
organisms, Fisheries, Models, Movement, NOAA, Atlantic Ocean
Conclusions of a recent NOAA preliminary report on the"Argo
Merchant"tanker oil spill are presented.  The spill off the
coast of Massachusetts apparently caused no great contamination
of the seawater or ocean floor but may have had some impact on
the marine ecosystem.  Possible effects of the spill on
fisheries are currently under investigation.  A valuable spin-
off of the spill was the opportunity to compare the results of
various computerized spill movement models with the day to day
behavior of the real spill, and results of this simulation are
reported.
C-1582-77
WHERE GOES THE OIL
Anon.  1977.
Nature 267(5607):100.

Offshore drilling, Oil spills, Fate, Evaporation, Dispersions,
Spill recovery, North Sea, *Ekofi,sk well blowout

The remarkably rapid disappearance of most of the 12,000 tons of
oil that were spewed out during the April, 1977, Ekofisk offshore
oil well blowout is discussed.  Natural processes of evaporation
and dispersion removed about 90% of the spilled oil within days
after the well was capped; about 1000 tons were recovered by
Norwegian spill response teams.
                           216

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C-1583-77
SIMULATED OIL SPILL TRAJECTORIES FOR GULF STREAM WATERS
Bishop, J. M., and F. A. Godshall.  1976.
Gulfstream 11(5):6-7.

Fate, Oil spills, Movement, Models, *Gulf Stream

Summary not available.

[from Underwater Information Bulletin 8(6):#7612/1346.  1976]


C-1584-77
DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROCARBONS IN A SALT MARSH ECOSYSTEM AFTER AN
OIL SPILL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN MARSH ANIMALS FROM THE
POLLUTED ENVIRONMENT
Burns, K. A.  1975.
Ph.D. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution.

Oil spills, Fate, Distribution, Hydrocarbons, Marshes, Biological
effects, Metabolism, Marine organisms, Massachusetts

Field and laboratory studies were conducted for five years on an
accidentally oiled marsh and an unpolluted control marsh in
Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts.  Data from this study have contrib-
uted information on the following:  incorporation of oil into
sediments and organisms; residence time of certain oil components
in the marsh ecosystem; physical and chemical weathering and
biodegradatton of oil in a salt marsh; effects of oiled sediments
on the abundance, distribution, behavior and survival of the
intertidal fiddler crab, Uca pugnax; hydrocarbon metabolism in Uca
pugnax; the presence of inducible microsomal mixed function oxi-
dase (MFQ) enzyme system in the fish, Fundulus heteroclftus; and
the physiological basis for the sensitivity and adaptability of
marsh animals to oil pollution.
C-1585-77
TRANSPORT OF POLLUTANTS IN THE VICINITY OF PRUDHOE BAY, ALASKA
Callaway, R. J., and C. Koblinsky.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 11.  p. 427-755.

Models, Contaminants, Fate, Movement, Offshore drilling,  Prudhoe
Bay, *0cean circulation, *Pollutant transport

The objectives of the study are to determine flushing rates,
retention times, and pollutant transport in the vicinity of Prudhoe
Bay and relate these to potential drilling operations irv the area.
A single-layer model of circulation was applied in order to
                           217

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compute tidal elevations and surface currents.  Inferences were
made from the computer output as to probable transport rates and
pollutant dispersion.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03238.  1977]


C-1586-77
OPERATIONAL MODE FOR PREDICTING THE MOVEMENT OF OIL IN CANADIAN
NAVIGABLE WATERS
Environment Canada.  1975.
Manuscript Report Series No. 37. p. 1-30.

Oil slicks, Movement, Models, Canada

A feasibility study to develop and evaluate computer prediction
of the movement of oil slicks in Canadian navigable waters is
presented.  Guidelines for establishing a data bank on the
topographies of the water bodies, climatology of the various
regions, and tidal currents in different locations are developed.
Descriptions of the computer programs and the relevant subrou-
tines are included.

[from Summaries of Foreign Government Environmental Reports
NTISUB/B/135-76/007, p. 23.  1976]
C-1587-77
A PROBABILISTIC APPROACH FOR OIL DISPERSION AT SEA
Fallah, M. H., and R. M. Stark.  1976.
Ocean Engineering 3(3):145-156.

Models, Fate, Dispersions, Oceans, Spill containment, Environ-
mental effects, Marine organisms

"Arandom walk model is used to describe the dispersion of oil at
sea.   Expressions are derived for the characteristic function
and probabilities of the random volume of diffused oil."
Calculations are made for a Poisson process and a circular oil
slick.  "The model may be used to assess the impact of
vertically diffused oil on marine life and to evaluate the
effectiveness of oil containment procedures."

[from Oceanic Abstracts 14(2):#77-01498.  1977]
                           218

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C-1588-77
PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY OF THE GULF OF ALASKA
Favorite, F., and J. H. Johnson.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March  1976.
Vol. 11.  p. 787-922.

Oil spills, Movement, Offshore drilling, Gulf of Alaska, Baseline
studies, *0cean circulation

This is a concise summary with emphasis on water circulation and
transport.  It should assist in determining the location and
intensity of direct current measurements required to define
patterns in this flow regime, thereby determining the potential
movement of oil spills from offshore drill sites.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03241.   1977]
C-1589-77
POLLUTED MUDS OF THE PARRAMATTA RIVER
Furzer, I. A.  1975.
Search 6(l-2):39-40.

Contamination, Rivers, Sediments, Biodegradation, *Parramatta
River, *Muds
The dissolved oxygen content of the river is so low that
anaerobic conditions exist and oils, grease, waxes and tars
resist microbial action when found in the muds.

[from Ecological Abstracts 1976(4):#76L/2814.  1976]


C-1590-77
NUMERICAL STUDIES OF ALASKAN REGION
Gait, J. A.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March  1976.
Vol. 11.  p. 107-211.

Models, Circulation, DCS, Oil spills, Fate, Alaska, *Trajectory
analysis, Baseline studies

The numerical modeling and simulation studies are designed  to
provide information on advection and diffusion processes, aid in
interpretation of observational data, and present the results
in an integrated form.  The modeling studies along with the rest
of the physical oceanography program have been able to describe
circulation patterns for some of the OCS region in  considerable
detail.  In other areas, dominant physical processes have been
identified and simulations initiated.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7)#W77-03231.  1977]
                          219

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C-1591-77
OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF ENERGY PROGRAM
Hansen, D. V.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 11.  p. 267-274.

Offshore development, Oil spills, Fate, OCS, Gulf of Alaska,
*0cean circulation, *Flow trajectories, Baseline studies

Near surface flow trajectories throughout the N.E. Gulf of
Alaska OCS region are being studied with emphasis on the lease
area from Yakutat Bay to Prince William Sound.  The NIMBUS-6
satellite and associated TWERLE/RAMS system are being used to
acquire this information.  Development of improved diagnostic
models allows prediction of pollutant trajectories based on the
distribution of basic parameters.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03234.  1977]
C-1592-77
MOVEMENT OF SPILLED OIL OVER THE BEAUFORT SEA SHELF - A FORECAST
Hufford, G. L., I. M. Lissauer, and J. P. Welsh.  1976.
Final report, CGR/DC-12/76; USCG-D-101-76.  90 p.

Oil slicks, Coasts, Movement, Beaufort Sea, *Impact locations

Projections of oil slick movements and their impact locations
were determined from fifteen potential drilling sites in the
Beaufort Sea.  Impact locations were forecast using two
approaches:  the first emphasizes meteorology and water movement;
the second considers the interactions of the environment processes
in determining potential movement and impact of spilled oil.

[from Government Reports Announcements 77(5):#AD-A033 580/2GA.
1977]
C-1593-77
HISTORICAL AND STATISTICAL OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA ANALYSIS AND SHIP
OF OPPORTUNITY PROGRAM
Muench, R. D.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 11.  p. 359-425.

Circulation, Bering Sea, Offshore development, Contamination,
Food Web, Fisheries, *Bristol Bay

Data obtained in the Unimak Pass-Bristol Bay region during summer,
1968,supported existing hypotheses that a cyclonic circulation
                           220

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was occurring in that region and that upwelling of deeper water
was occurring in central Bristol Bay.  A contaminant released
near or at the bottom of Bristol Bay could be carried upward to
the surface and incorporated into the food chain at the primary
productivity level.  Such contamination could result in concen-
tration of toxic substances at higher food levels, i.e., fish in
Bristol Bay.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03237.  1977]
C-l594-77
THE INTERACTION OF CRUDE OIL WITH ARCTIC SEA ICE
NORCOR Engineering and Research Ltd.  1975.
Canada Department of the Environment, Beaufort Sea .Project
Technical Report  No. 27.  175 p.

Crude oil, Ice, Monitoring, Spreading, Movement, Weathering,
Spill cleanup, Arctic

Several experimental discharges of crude oil were injected under
sea ice during various stages of ice development from late
autumn, 1974,to spring, 1975.  The initial spreading of the oil
under the ice, the rapid entrapment as droplets and lenses in
ice, the gradual upward penetration through the ice, the final
surfacing during the arctic spring, and the intervening chemical
weathering were continually monitored as part of a study to find
countermeasures for combating under-ice oil spills.  Upward
migration ranged from 15-20 cm/month in February to 150 cm/hour
in April.  Surface burning of pooled oil was found to be the
most effective and efficient cleanup method if a minimum surface
film thickness of 0.5 cm was maintained.
C-1595-77
THE FATE OF OIL DISCHARGES IN THE NORTH SEA - A REVIEW OF THE
BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS
Sandbrook, R.  1976.
Offshore North Sea Technology Conference, Stavanger, Norway,
1976.  Stavanger, Norway, NOROIL Publishing House, 1976.  Safety
and Environmental Protection Section, Paper S-lll/2.  2 p.
Summary.

Oil discharges, Fate, Biological effects, Acute effects, Chronic
effects, Marine organisms, North Sea
Research on the inputs, general fate,and interaction of oil and
petroleum hydrocarbons with the marine environment is reviewed.
The processes of physical, chemical, and biological dispersion
and degradation are outlined.  The impacts of oil on individual
species, communities, and the entire marine biological system are
discussed; and the acute and chronic effects of oil contaminants
on metabolic, behavioral, and reproductive patterns are assessed.
                            221

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C-1596-77
DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORTATION OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENTS
Schubel, J. R.  1976.
Effects of Energy-Related Activities on the Atlantic Continental
Shelf, Upton, N.Y., 1975.  p. 207-230.  Proceedings.
Fate, Oil transport, OCS, EIS, Atlantic Coast, *Suspended matter

Literature on the suspended matter of the waters overlying the
Atlantic shelf of the U.S. is reviewed.  The significance of
this suspended matter as a mechanism for transporting oil and
radionuclides back to the coast and to man is discussed.  It is
the opinion of the author that the state of the art on this
subject is adequate for the preparation of environmental impact
statements.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(10):#W77-04948.  1977]


C-1597-77
BRISTOL BAY OCEANOGRAPHIC PROCESSES (B-BOP)
Schumacher, J. D., and L. K.  Coachman.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Report for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 11.  p. 213-247.

*0cean circulation, OCS, Fate, Contaminants, Offshore development,
Alaska, Baseline studies

The project objective was to relate oceanic advective and diffu-
sive processes to potential problems due to OCS petroleum devel-
opment.  Conclusions made from data collected to date are given.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(7):#W77-03232.  1977]


C-1598-77
THE CONTINUOUS SPILLING OF HOT OIL ON ICE
Siu, S. K., and C.  R. Phillips.  1977.
Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology 16(l):31-34.

Oil spills, Ice, Spreading, *0il temperature, *Ice temperature,
*Spilling rate

The continuous spilling of hot Norman Wells crude oil onto an ice
surface was investigated by measuring oil temperature, ice tem-
perature, and spilling rate.   An equation for spreading of the
oil was developed in which the oil slick area A was proportional
to t'-S where t is the elapsed time.  Experimental data showed
that A was proportional to tO.8.  "Increases in oil and ice
temperatures were found to cause an increase in A, and temperature
                           222

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effects could be taken into account by relating kinematic
viscosity to a function of the geometric mean of the ice and
oil temperatures."
C-1599-77
DOCUMENTATION OF FOUR OCEAN-RELATED COMPUTER MODELS
Yeung, R. W.  1976.
Technical report, MITSG-76-18, NOAA-77011109.  73 p.

Models, Fate, Oil spills, Oceans, *Computer programming
The first program, MCTRAJ, is the offshore oil-spill trajectory-
simulation program which is based on a trajectory equation.
NEARSHORE is the nearshore oil-spill tracking-simulation
program based on a trajectory equation.  T14TRAN is a program
which takes as input formatted data tape prepared by the National
Climatic Center and generates as output the resultant proba-
bilistic wind transition matrices to be used by MCTRAJ and
NEARSHORE.  TWOFOIL is a program which seeks the solution of
the two-dimensional lifting flow about two symmetric bodies.
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(9):#PB-264 146/2GA.
1977]
                          223

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F.  OIL POLLUTION REGULATIONS

    1.   STATE LEGISLATION
        C-1601-77
        NO TITLE GIVEN (news  brief)
        Anon.   1977.
        Environmental  Science and Technology 11(6):542.

        Regulations,  Legislation, Compensation,  Spill  cleanup,  State
        governments,  Oil  transfer, New Jersey

        The New Jersey Department of Environmental  Protection has
        adopted regulations and a list of oil  and  hazardous  substances
        subject to a  !<£/bbl transfer tax under New Jersey's  new Spill
        Compensation  and  Control  Law.   The taxes will  go  toward a  spill
        cleanup and damage compensation fund.
        C-1602-77
        MILLER ANTI-POLLUTION  ACT OF  1971  (ABSOLUTE  LIABILITY OF
        PETROLEUM CARRIER)
        Anon.   1976.
        Cal  Harbors  and  Navigation Code  sec  293.

        Legislation,  Oil  spills,  Liability,  Tankers, Oil  transport,
        California

        California legislation is described  holding  liable  the  owner
        or operator  of any  vessel which  commercially transports petro-
        leum or fuel  oil  without  regard  to fault  for any  property
        damage within the state.   Liability  also  applies  to damage of
        natural resources and  navigable  waters  of the state.

        [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts  10(3):#W77-01123.
        1977]
        C-1603-77
        MODEL  USED  OIL  RECYCLING  ACT
        Irwin, U. A.  1976.
        Washington, D.  C., Environmental  Law  Institute,  1976.   12 p.

        Legislation, Waste oil, Recycling,  State governments,  *Local
        governments

        A  model  bill designed  for state and local  governments  interested
        in adopting programs for  recycling  used oil  is  presented.  The
        bill would  provide a comprehensive  but flexible program for oil
        recovery, collection,and  recycling.

        [from  Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis 3(4):1201.   1977]
                                  224

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2.  U.S. LEGISLATION


    C-1604-77
    OIL SPILL LIABILITY BILL MAKES PROGRESS IN HOUSE (news brief)
    Anon. 1977.
    Sea Technology 18(5):38.

    Legislation, U.S. Liability, Compensation, Spill cleanup

    Progress of a bill that would legislate a comprehensive oil
    spill liability and compensation scheme, H.R. 3711, is described.
    The bill would set maximum liabilities for vessels at $30
    million, and for oil refineries, $50 million.  The bill would
    also establish a $200 million "superfund" to be used if spill
    liability is exhausted and additional cleanup costs or third
    party claims remain.


    C-1605-77
    ON THE HILL—WATER POLLUTION (news brief)
    Anon.  1977.
    Environmental Action 8(24):9.

    Legislation, Liability, Oil  spills, Safety, Tankers, U.S.,
    Congressional bills

    Two Senate bills and one House bill on oil spill liability  and
    tanker safety are briefly described.  These proposals are a
    result of the "Argo Merchant" spill and would place a $30
    million ceiling on total liability and set basic tanker safety
    standards for U.S. waters.
    C-1606-77
    A THREAT TO OFFSHORE OIL
    Anon.  1976.
    Work Boat 33(11):42-44.

    Legislation, U.S., Offshore development,  Oil-gas  leasing,
    Environmental  protection, Onshore impacts,  *OCS Lands  Act
    Amendments
    Provisions of the Outer Continental  Shelf Lands Act Amendments
    (OCSLAA) of 1976,  under consideration by  Congress,  are detailed.
    Among the provisions are various requirements and conditions  of
    DCS oil-gas leasing.  The bill  is intended  to assure coastal
    states a means  for controlling  the onshore  impact of OCS oil
    development and to provide for  the determination  of liabilities
    for spill  cleanup  and damage compensation.
                              225

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 C-1607-77
 OIL ON TROUBLED WATERS DOES NOT CALM THE LEGAL SEAS
 Kuffler, A. J.  1975.
 Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers Section Meeting,
 Philadelphia, 1975.  38 p.
 Legislation, U.S., Oil spills, Ships, Tankers, International
 agreements, *Legal problems
 The major elements of federal legislation concerning oil spills
 from vessels are outlined and selected legal problems which this
 legislation presents are detailed.  The article also comments on
 some legal issues raised by existing and proposed international
 agreements dealing with oil spills from vessels and particularly
 tankers.
 [from MRIS Abstracts 14:#14  139965.  1976]


 C-1608-77
 DAMAGE COMPENSABLE UNDER FEDERAL MARITIME LAW FOR INJURIES CAUSED
 BY DISCHARGE OF OIL INTO NAVIGABLE WATERS
 Rydstrom, J. F.  1976.
 26 ALR Fed 346-58.  13 p.

 Legislation, Oil discharges, Liability, Compensation, U.S., State
 governments, *Navigable waters

 Since the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 limits its
 provisions to illegal oil discharge damage claims relating to
 cleanup costs of the Federal government, states are left free to
 impose liability in damages for losses suffered by both states
 and private parties.  States have been allowed to recover damages
 for the cost of cleanup and also as parens patriae for damage
 done to marine life.  Private parties also may recover damages
 for destruction of marine life due to oil spill when they can
 show an injury different in kind from the general public (i.e.
 commercial fisherman).

 [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(8); #W77-03711.  1977]


 C-1609-77
 COMMENTS ON UNDERGROUND INJECTION CONTROL PROVISIONS OF SAFE
 DRINKING WATER ACT
 Shakely, S. F.  1976.
 Interstate Oil Compact Comm.  Comm. Bulletin 18(2):50-52.

 Legislation, U.S., Underground injection, Production, Water
 quality, EPA

The act provides that "the Administrator may not prescribe
requirements which interfere with or impede the underground
                            226

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    injection of brine or other fluids which are brought to the
    surface in connection with oil or natural gas production or any
    underground injection for the secondary or tertiary recovery
    of oil or natural gas unless such requirements are essential to
    assure that underground sources of drinking water will  not be
    endangered by such injection."  Congress gave a mandate to the
    EPA to propose regulations to comply with provisions of the
    law.  The proposed rules are discussed with respect to  how they
    affect current water supply.

    [from Petroleum Abstracts 17(19): #233,282.  1977]
    C-1610-77
    LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENTS - DEEPWATER PORT ACT OF 1974
    Stephenson, A. W.  1975.
    Law and Policy in International  Business 7(4):127:1-1285.

    Legislation, U.S., Ports, Tankers, Oil  transport, Liability,
    Cost analysis, *Deepwater Port Act

    The use of very large crude carriers to transport oil rather
    than smaller tankers would save $1.5 billion in shipping  costs
    in 1985 and could reduce oil spills by more than 90% over a 20
    year period.  To accommodate these vessels, the Deepwater Port
    Act was passed by Congress in 1974 to encourage construction  of
    such ports.  The major provisions of the Act are discussed including
    licensing, state veto/power, environmental provisions, and liability.
    [from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(10): #W77-05056.  1977]
3.  INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION


    C-1611-77
    DIVERGENT STANDARDS OF NATIONAL OIL POLLUTION LEGISLATION
    Ruester, B.   1976.
    Environmental Law:  International  and Comparative Aspects:   A
    Symposium.   J. Nowak (ed.).   London, British Institute of
    International and Comparative Law, 1976.   p. 114-132.
    Legislation, U.S., Foreign governments, Oil  discharges, Pollution
    prevention,  Liability

    A representative cross-section of oil pollution legislation of
    major maritime countries is  reviewed.  Topics emphasized include:
    limitation  and prohibition of intentional  oil discharges into the
    sea,  the prevention of oil casualties, the elimination of oil
    pollution from accidents, and the liability for damage caused by
    pollution.

    [from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1): #77-00979.   1977]

                                227

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4.  FOREIGN LEGISLATION


    C-1612-77
    CIVIL LIABILITY FOR POLLUTION FROM OFFSHORE OPERATIONS:   THE
    NORWEGIAN  VIEW
    Fleischer, C.  A.  1976.
    Environmental  Policy and Law 2(l):3-5.

    Regulations,  Liability,  Offshore development, North Sea,
    Norway
    The need to unify rules  over civil  liability for pollution from
    offshore operations and  the limit of liability are discussed.
    Unlimited liability (presently in force in Norway) is a  pre-
    ferred system in that it gives adequate protection to the victims
    without placing any unjust burden upon  the operator and  would  not
    seem to influence the price of oil  or companies' interest in the
    North Sea to  any extent.  A compromise  is suggested to meet the
    proposal of limited liability.
    [from Environmental Health and Pollution Control 11(5):  #1071.
    1977]


    C-1613-77
    THE FIGHT AGAINST ACCIDENTAL OIL POLLUTION VIS-A-VIS FRENCH
    HARITIME LAW  [in French]
    Langavant, E., and J.-P. Beurier.  1976.
    Le Droit Maritime Francais No. 333.  p, 515-524.

    Legislation,  Pollution prevention,  Tankers, France, *French
    maritime law,  *01ympic Bravery spill
    The legislative problems involved in the wreck of the oil-tanker,
    "Olympic Bravery," in 1976, and the accidental oil pollution of
    Brittany, France, are examined.  International legislation is
    described and  the attitude of the French government is explained
    as a function  of French  maritime law.

    [from Aquatic  Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts 7(2): I7Q1919.   1977]
                                228

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5.  AGREEMENTS AND CONVENTIONS


    C-1614-77
    INTERNATIONAL POLLUTION CONTROL IS TOO SLOW (news brief)
    Anon.  1977.
    Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(3):52.

    International conventions, Regulations, Tankers, Segregated
    ballast, Pollution control

    The 1973 International Convention on Prevention of Pollution of
    the Sea reduced allowable discharge levels from 1/15,000 to
    1/30,000 of the cargo carried and stipulated that all  new ships
    over 70,000 dwt must be built with segregated ballast to prevent
    oil residues from mixing with ballast seawater.  It is feasible
    that these regulations may not be implemented until the 1980's.


    C-1615-77
    IMCO CONVENTION ON THE POLLUTION OF COASTAL WATERS AND HARBORS
    Busha, T.  1976.
    Environmental Law:  International and Comparative Aspects:   A
    Symposium.  J. Nowak (ed.),  London, British Institute of
    International and Comparative Law, 1976.  p. 85-97.

    International conventions, Coasts, Harbors, Pollution prevention,
    Ships, Liability, Compensation, IMCO
    IMCO legal and technical regimes to minimize pollution from ships
    and conventions regulating liability and compensation for damage
    from oil pollution from ships are reviewed.  States should accept
    international standards for the protection of their vital coastal
    interests because a major source of the oil pollution to coastal
    waters is ships - the function, direction, and control of which
    are international in character.

    [from Oceanic Abstracts 14(1): 177-00976.  1977]


    C-1616-77
    INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS RELATING TO POLLUTION RESULTING FROM
    OFFSHORE OIL ACTIVITIES IN THE NORTH SEA AREA
    Hambro, C.  1976.
    Offshore North Sea Technology Conference, Stavanger, Norway,
    1976.  Stavanger, Norway, MOROIL Publishing House, 1976.
    Safety and Environmental Protection Section, Paper S-111/5.
    13 p.  Summary.
    International conventions, Pollution control, Regulations,
    Liability, Offshore development, North Sea, Europe
                               229

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European measures to prevent or control offshore oil pollution and
to assess civil liability for oil pollution damages from offshore
activities are reviewed, and the most important provisions out-
lined.  Included are the Oslo Convention of 1972, the London
Convention of 1972,and the 1975 IMCO Convention on Marine Pollution,
the Paris Convention of 1974, the Bonn agreement, and the Civil
Liability Convention which was initiated in London in 1975.
C-1617-77
THE 1973 MARINE POLLUTION CONVENTION.  PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
Horrocks, J. C. S.  1977.
Marine Policy 1(1):52-60.
International conventions, Tankers, Pollution prevention, Oil
discharges, Oil-water separation, Monitoring, IMCO

Provisions of the 1973 International Convention for the Prevention
of Pollution are briefly outlined, and three major problem areas
which remain to be solved are identified and described.  These
are:  (1) the effectiveness of oil-water separation equipment and
oil content monitors; (2) the adequacy of reception facilities
for oil and chemical residues; and (3) the enforcement of dis-
charge requirements for chemical carriers.  Efforts being made
by IMCO, its member governments, and the tanker industry to solve
those and related problems are discussed.
C-1618-77
MARINE POLLUTION AND INTERNATIONAL LAW
Ketchum, B. H.  1975.
Proceedings of the Third International Biodegradation Symposium.
J. M. Sharpley, and A. M. Kaplan (eds,).  Barking, Essex,
Applied Science Publishers, Ltd.,  1976.  p, 11-20.
Symposium held in Kingston, Rhode Island, 17-23 August, 1975.
International conventions, Pollution prevention, Legislation,
IMCO

Recent international concern with marine pollution by oil and
hazardous substances, radioactivity, and ocean dumping has
resulted in a number of international conventions  beginning
with the IMCO-sponsored 1954 International Convention for the
Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil,  The provisions of
this Convention and Its subsequent amendments, and other related
conventions up to 1975 are briefly discussed.
                            230

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    C-1619-77
    INTERNATIONAL ACTION ON SHIP-GENERATED OIL POLLUTION (editorial)
    Baroness  White.   1977.
    Marine Pollution Bulletin 8(3):54-57,

    Oil  discharges,  Ships,  Pollution control, International  conventions,
    Law enforcement  , Oil-water separation

    The international conventions and agreements regulating  ship-generated
    oil  pollution are discussed and the problem of enforcing these
    regulations due  to inadequate oil-water separation equipment is
    presented.   Various legal problems associated with conventions and
    international laws, as  well as pollution control  agreements, are
    reviewed.
6.   STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES


    C-1620-77
    INTERNATIONAL OIL TANKER AND TERMINAL SAFETY GUIDE.  SECOND  EDITION
    Anon.   1975.
    New York, Hal stead Press, 1975.   259 p.

    Crude oil, Petroleum products, Oil  transfer, Tankers,  Safety,
    Guidelines, *Terminals

    This book presents safety guidelines for the handling  of crude  oil
    and petroleum products at a terminal and on a tanker at a terminal.

    [from Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis 3(1):  #304.   1977]


    C-1621-77
    STATUS REPORT ON ABATEMENT OF WATER POLLUTION FROM THE CANADIAN
    PETROLEUM REFINING INDUSTRY - 1975
    Canada Department of the Environment, Petroleum and Industrial
    Organic Chemicals Program.  1976.
    Environmental Protection Service report  Series, Economic and
    technical review report, EPS 3-WP-76-11.  63 p.
    Pollution control, Refineries, Wastewaters, Regulations, Guidelines,
    Monitoring, Canada
    The effectiveness of recently issued refinery effluent regulations
    and guidelines is evaluated.  No significant reductions in  oil  and
    grease levels have been achieved on a national scale in the years
    1972-1975,  High priority is presently given to effluent monitoring
    programs that assess the compliance of individual Canadian  re-
    fineries with these regulations  and guidelines.

    [from Pollution Abstracts 8(3);  #77-02442.  1977]
                                  231

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C-1622-77
STIFFER REGULATIONS ARE SEEN IN DIRTY WAKE OF OIL TANKERS (news brief)
Foss, W. 0.  1977,
National Fisherman 57(11):24A-25A.

Oil transport, Tankers, Regulations, Safety, Liability, USCG

As a result of the rash of recent oil tanker accidents, new
legislation is seen for U.S. waters on tanker safety and liability.
Regulations restricting oil transport are presented,and the duties
of the U.S. Coast Guard's fisheries expert are discussed.
C-1623-77
NIOSH HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDE FOR BULK PETROLEUM PLANTS
National Institute for Occupational  Safety and Health.  1975.
Cincinnati, Ohio, National Institute for Occupational  Safety and
Health, 1975.  82 p.

Oil industry, Storage, Health hazards, Safety, Guidelines, *Bulk
petroleum plants

Guidelines for providing a safe and  healthful  work environment
in bulk petroleum plants are presented.  Hazards common to
petroleum storage plants and means of eliminating such hazards
are pointed out, and a checklist for identifying and rectifying
problems is included.

[from Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis 3(2): #595.  1977]
                              232

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G.  BIBLIOGRAPHIES
    C-l624-77
    A COLD REGION OIL POLLUTION BIBLIOGRAPHY
    Arctec, Inc.,  9104 Red Branch Rd., Columbia, MD.  .1976.
    Bibliographies, Oil slicks, Containment, Recovery, Oil transfer,
    Storage, Spill disposal, Biodegradation, Arctic, ice
    The bibliography covers the following areas of aquatic and
    terrestrial oil pollution:  containment, recovery, transfer,
    storage, disposal, and oil pollution sensing for cold regions;
    burning slicks in cold regions; biodegradation of oil; and inter-
    action of oil pollutants with snow and ice environments.
    C-1625-77
    PETROLEUM
    Fraser, J. M.  1977.
    Analytical Chemistry 49(5):231R-273R.

    Bibliographies, Oil industry, Chemical analysis, Oil spills, Source
    identification, Hydrocarbons, Marine organisms

    This is a review of analytical chemistry in the petroleum industry
    which covers relevant publications appearing essentially in 1974 and
    1975.  Oil spill identification, monitoring hydrocarbons in the
    marine environment, and pollution analysis and instrumentation are
    subjects included.
    C-1626-77
    C?FSHORTPIPELINES (A BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS)
    Habercom, G. E.  1977.
    Report, for 1964 - January 1977,  99 p.
    Bibliographies, Pipelines, Oil transport, Offshore development,
    Environmental effects
    Construction, utilization, wave action, and environmental aspects
    of offshore pipelines are investigated.  Hydrodynamics, costs  bene-
    fits  of underwater pipeline transportation, and risk analysis are
    among the parameters researched.
    [from Government Reports Announcements 77(9): #NTIS/PS-77/0098/2GA.
    1977]
                                  233

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C-1627-77
BIODETERIORATION OF OIL SPILLS (A BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS)
Harrison, E. A. 1977.
Report for 1964 - January 1977.  110 p.

Bibliographies, Biodegradation, Oil spills, Hydrocarbons, Bacteria,
Algae, Spill cleanup
The bibliography contains 105 abstracts which report on algae,
hydrocarbons, petroleum degradation, oil spills, beach cleanup, and
microbial degradation as related to biodeterioration of oil spills.

[from Government Reports Announcements 77(7): #NTIS/PS-77/0046/lGA
1977]


C-l628-77
ENDANGERED SPECIES (A BIBLIOGRAPHY WITH ABSTRACTS).  REPORT FOR
1964 - NOV. 1975
Harrison, E. A.  1975.
NTIS/PS-75/092.  44 p.
Bibliographies, Wildlife, Marine organisms, Birds, Contamination,
*Endangered species, *Water pollution

"The bibliography of selected abstracts covers wildlife management,
animal ecology, plant ecology, aquatic animals, birds, highway con-
struction, air pollution,and water pollution as related to
endangered species.  (This updated bibliography contains 39
abstracts, 10 of which are new entries to the previous edition.)"

[from ERDA Energy Research Abstracts 2(6): #14663.  1977]


C-l629-77
ASSESSMENT OF AVAILABLE LITERATURE ON EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION ON
BIOTA IN ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC WATERS
Malins, D. C., and M. E. Stansby.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 8.  p, 155-320.

Bibliographies, Oil spills, Marine organisms, Biological effects,
Arctic, Subarctic regions, Baseline studies

A bibliography with abstracts is presented of all available literature
on the effects of oil pollution on biota in arctic and subarctic
waters.  Information is tabulated under 20 subject headings.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4): M77-01871.   1977]
                               234

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C-1630-77
LITERATURE SEARCH ON THE DENSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF FISHES OF THE
BEAUFORT SEA
Morrow, J. E.  1976,
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 7.  p. 533-541.

Bibliographies, Fish, Distribution, Offshore development, Biological
effects, Beaufort Sea

An annotated bibliography has been prepared on the population
density and distribution of fishes in the Beaufort Sea as part
of an effort to bring together information that will help ameliorate
or avoid adverse impacts of OCS oil-gas activities on the marine
biota.

[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4): #W77-01860.  1977]


C-1631-77
ESTUARINE POLLUTION.  A BIBLIOGRAPHY.  VOLUME 3
Office of Water Research and Technology, Water Resources Scientific
Information Center.  1976.
OWRT/WRS1C-76-208-W77-04110.  570 p.

Bibliographies, Estuaries, Coasts, Contamination

"This report, containing 373 abstracts, is another in a series of
planned bibliographies in water resources produced from the informa-
tion base comprising Selected Water Resources Abstracts.  Volume 3
covers the period from April, 1974,to September, 1976.  Author and
subject indexes are included."
[from Government Reports Announcements 77(9); #PB-263 772/6GA.  1977]


C-1632-77
REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND HISTORICAL DATA ON NON-SALMONID PELAGIC
FISHERIES RESOURCES OF THE EASTERN BERING SEA AND GULF OF ALASKA
Pereyra, W. T., and M. 0. Nelson.  1976.
Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
Principal Investigators' Reports for the Year Ending March 1976.
Vol. 6.  p. 59-73.
Bibliographies, Fish, *Non-salmonid pelagic fishes, Bering Sea,
Gulf of Alaska, Baseline studies

Available literature on approximately 20 species of non-salmonid
pelagic fishes of the title area has been reviewed and is included
as an annotated bibliography.  This review is part of the baseline
data acquired to evaluate the possible effects of offshore oil-gas
development on the Alaskan Continental Shelf.
[from Selected Water Resources Abstracts 10(4): #W77-01845.  1977]
                               235

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C-1633-77
A SELECTED RESEARCH BIBLIOGRAPHY ON OIL POLLUTION
Sharma, P. C.  1976.
Monticello, Illinois, Council  of Planning Libraries,  1976.   11 p.

Bibliographies, Oil spills, Fate, Biological  effects, Marine
organisms, Spill  cleanup

The bibliography contains over 125 selected references on oil
pollution research published during 1930-1974.   The bibliography
is divided into two parts:  a  listing of books  and a  listing of
articles and periodicals.
                           236

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              SECTION II:  CURRENT RESEARCH PROJECTS
Title, contract information and a summary of project objectives are
provided in each entry.  Project notices have been obtained from the
Smithsonian Science Information Exchange (SSIE), and from the Maritime
Research Information Service Abstracts.  Current status information and
publications resulting from the projects are presented when such infor-
mation is available from the principal investigators or performing
organizations.  The source of status information is given at the end of
each entry.

Entries are grouped according to subject and then ordered by serial
number within each subject division.  The serial  number designates
the original issue of OIL SPILL AND OIL POLLUTION REPORTS in which
the research project is listed:

             R-166-74 to R-244-74    EPA-670/2-75-044
                                     November 74 to February 75

             R-245-74 to R-268-74    EPA-670/2-75-059
                                     February 75 to April 75

             R-269-75 to R-304-75    EPA-600/2-76-113
                                     August 75 to October 75

             R-064-76 to R-123-76    EPA-600/2-76-266
                                     May 76 to July 76

             R-124-76 to R-l75-76    EPA-600/2-77-037
                                     August 76 to October 76

             R-001-77 to R-022-77    EPA-600/2-77-075
                                     November 76 to January 77

             R-023-77 to R-039-77    February 77 to April 77

             R-040-77 to R-075-77    May 77 to July 77
                                  237

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A.  OIL POLLUTION DETECTION  AND  EVALUATION

    1.   MONITORING


        R-040-77
        HYDROCARBON POLLUTION  STUDIES  -  PORT  VALDEZ
        Principal Investigator:    Unknown
        Performing Organization:   Joint  State Federal  Fish and Wildlife,
                                  628  F  St.,  Anchorage, AK  99501
        Supporting Agency:         U.S. Department of the  Interior,
                                  Alaska Pipeline Office; Alyeska Pipe-
                                  line Service Co., Inc.
        Period:                    7/75 to 9/77

        Project  objectives  are to  continue  to monitor  water quality
        in Port  Valdez to determine  hydrocarbon levels, determine popula-
        tions of benthic organisms in  Port  Valdez, and monitor hydrocarbon
        levels in the tissues  of selected marine organisms in Port Valdez.

        [SSIE No. CH-162]
        Status:   The following tasks have been performed:  classification
        of existing vegetation communities  in the marsh,  and establishment
        of permanent transects to  measure successional trends and to
        measure  modification of  the  marsh by  pollution.

            Reports and Publications

            SALT MARSHES OF  PORT VALDEZ, ALASKA, AND VICINITY:  A BASE-
            LINE STUDY
            Crow, J. H.   1977.
            Final report to  the  U.S. Department of the Interior.  113p.

            In 1974 and 1975,  62 baseline locations were  selected for
            intensive study  in the salt  marshes of Port Valdez and
            vicinity.   The  sites are intended to reflect  the impact
            of oil transport activities. Vegetation and  soil character-
            istics were emphasized.  Gold Creek and Sawmill Creek appear
            to be the marshes  most susceptible to major oil spill damage,
            but  all the marshes  studied  are threatened to some degree.
            An oil spill  associated  with seasonal high tides or during
            the  winter when  fresh  water  outflow is minimal would  increase
            the  potential hazard to  the  less  vulnerable marsh areas.

        Information Source:  U.S.  Department  of the  Interior, Fish  and
                            Wildlife  Service, Bureau  of  Sport  Fish  and
                            Wildlife, 813  D  St., Anchorage, AK   99501
                                    238

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2.  ANALYSIS


    R-041-77
    DEVELOPMENT OF INSTRUMENTATION FOR HIGH-VOLUME ANALYSIS OF
    PETROCHEMICAL AND ASSOCIATED COMPOUNDS
    Principal Investigators:  Beetum, A., and G. H. Davis
    Performing Organization:  U.S. Department of the Interior,
                              Geological Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley
                              Dr., Herndon, VA  22092
    Supporting Agency:        U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
                              Office of Research and Development.
                              No. IAG-D5-E77B-BX-01
    Period:                   7/75 to 6/76
    Funds:                    $95,000

    The project was aimed at developing guidelines to be used by
    management in choosing equipment for high-volume analysis of
    petrochemical and associated compounds.

    [SSIE No. GMA-2972]


    C-042-77
    CHEMICAL INTERACTION OF ATMOSPHERIC PETROLEUM RESIDUES WITH
    LAKE SURFACE ORGANIC MICROLAYERS
    Principal Investigator:   Eisenreich, S. J.
    Performing Organization:  University of Minnesota, School of
                              Engineering, 105 Merrill Hall,
                              Minneapolis, MN  55414
    Supporting Agency:        American Chemical Society. No. 9116-
                              G517
    Period:                   9/76 to 8/77
    Funds:                    $3,000

    The objective of the proposed research is to investigate the
    chemical interaction of petroleum residues (PR) originating
    from atmospheric and in-lake sources with surface organic
    microlayers (SOM) in freshwater lakes.  Gas chromatography-
    mass spectrometric techniques and infrared spectroscopy will
    be used in quantifying and identifying petroleum residues.
    Ultimately, the effect of atmospheric inputs of PR and enrich-
    ment in SOM will be related to the accumulation of hydrocarbon-
    soluble hazardous organics (PCB's pesticides, PAH) in aquatic
    systems.
    [SSIE No. PCS-2607]
                                239

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B-  OIL POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL

    1.   CONTAINMENT


        R-045-77
        DEVELOPMENT OF A STREAMLINED OIL RETENTION BOOM
        Principal Investigator:    Folsom, B.
        Performing Organization:  Ultrasystems,  Inc.,  500 Newport
                                  Center Dr.,  Suite 800,  Newport Beach,
                                  CA  92660
        Supporting Agency:         U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency,
                                  Office of Research  and  Development
        Period:                   7/75  to 6/76

        The aim of this program is to design and test an  operational
        prototype of the streamline oil  boom capable  of providing
        optimal collection  efficiency under a  wide range  of current
        and wave conditions.  Phase I (completed) was  a preliminary
        design and feasibility test of the streamlined boom concept.
        Phase II includes experiments to achieve an understanding
        of the important flow mechanisms  associated with the bow shape,
        oil separation system, and dynamic behavior of the boom.  Phase
        III includes material selection, design  and testing of full-
        scale prototype boom section.

        [MRIS Abstracts 14:#14A 141179.   1977]


        R-046-77
        DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUES FOR THE  IMMEDIATE CONTAIN-
        MENT OR DISPOSAL OF OIL FROM AN  UNDERWATER WELL BLOWOUT IN THE
        BEAUFORT SEA
        Principal Investigator:    Unknown
        Performing Organization:  Arctec Canada  Limited,  1440 Ste
                                  Catherine W.,  Montreal, Quebec, Canada
        Supporting Agency:         Canada.  Department of  the Environment.
                                  No. OSS76-00321
        Period:                   10/76  to 9/77
        Funds:                     $46,300

        Summary not available to SSIE.

        [SSIE No. WDB-74]
                                   240

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    R-043-77
    SOLUBILITIES  OF MILITARY  FUELS  AMD LUBRICANTS  IN  WATER
    Principal  Investigator:    Mengenhauser,  J.  V.
    Performing Organization:   U.S.  Army,  Mobility  Equipment  Research
                              and Development  Com., Fort Belvoir,
                              VA  22060
    Supporting Agency:         U.S.  Department  of Defense, Army No.
                              DAOL3758
    Period:                    7/75  to 6/76

    Information on tne  solubility behavior of  "Military Pol"  products
    in water  was  proposed in  order to deal with anticipated  environ-
    mental  regulations.   The  approach for this  work was to treat all
    the water-soluble compounds  in  a given oil  as  a composite.  By
    determining solubilities  over a range of oil-water ratios, a
    partition coefficient would  be  determined  for  each Pol product
    of interest.   Effects of  other variables such as pH and salt
    content were  also to be studied.

    [SSIE No.  ZQA-123758-1]

    Status:   The  project was  terminated in June, 1976.  No formal
    reports are available.

    Information Source:   J. V. Mengenhauser, U.S.  Army Mobility
                         Equipment  Research  and Development  Center,
                         Fort Belvoir, VA 22060
3.   SAMPLING


    R-044-77
    UNDERWAY WATER SAMPLING SYSTEM
    Principal Investigator:   Kearse, C-  D.
    Performing Organization:  U.S. Department of Commerce,  Engineering
                              Development Laboratory,  6001  Executive
                              Blvd., Rockville,  MD  20852
    Supporting Agency:         U.S. Environmental  Protection Agency,
                              Office of Research and Development.
                              No.  EPA-IAG-05-E693-DX
    Period:                    8/75 to 7/76
    Funds:                    $145,000

    A cost effective shipborne system is  being developed with which
    to measure those physical and chemical parameters  which determine
    the identity, concentration, transport, and distribution of
    pollutants arising  from energy activities in the marine environ-
    ment.   The major elements of the development program consist of:
    the Current/Depth Measurement Subsystem; the Water Sampling and
    Measurement Subsystem; the Data Processing, Display and Navigation
    Subsystem; and System Integration, Test and Techniques  Development.

    [SSIE  No. GMA-3041]        241

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2.   CLEANUP AND RECOVERY
    R-087-76 (renewal)
    OIL RECOVERY MODULE
    Principal  Investigator:    Unknown
    Performing Organization:   Marine Construction  and  Design  Co.,
                              Seattle, WA  98199
    Supporting Agency:         U.S.  Department  of Transportation,
                              Office of  the Secretary.  No. C658249,
                              Contract CG-51,  465-A
    Period:                    7/75  to 1/76

    The Marine Construction  & Design Company conducts  continuous
    engineering work  for the development of new models  of  vessels
    and equipment for oil spill  cleanup.  This project "includes
    engineering service  on an as required basis for  consulting  in
    conjunction with  the Coast Guard testing program."

    [SSIE No.  GZO-301]
    C-085-76 (renewal)
    DESIGN AND FABRICATE OILY  WATER SEPARATOR FOR USE  AS  A SUBSYSTEM
    OF AN OIL SPILL REMOVAL  DEVICE
    Principal Investigator:    Unknown
    Performing Organization:   Foster Miller Associates, Inc.,  135
                              2nd Ave.,  Waltham,  MA  02154
    Supporting Agency:         U.S.  Department of  Transportation,
                              Coast Guard
    Period:                    7/75  to  6/76

    The separator will  undergo various tests in order  to  identify
    problems resulting  from  the fabrication or assembly,  evaluate
    the separation performance of the  system, and evaluate and refine
    the automatic control  features.

    [SSIE No. GZ-58648]

    Status:   Foster-Miller is  currently  in  the process of writing  a
    final report which  will  document the effort undertaken in  the
    design,  fabrication, and testing of  the Spilled  Oil Recovery
    Separator.   Upon completion, this  report will be printed by the
    U.S.  Coast Guard and distributed by  NTIS, Springfield, VA.

    Information Source:   W.  M.  Mack, Jr., Foster-Miller Associates,
                         Inc., 135  Second Ave., Waltham,  MA  02154
                               242

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R-047-77
A PORTABLE MAGNETIC RECOVERY UNIT FOR OIL SPILL CONTROL
UTILIZING FERROMAGNETIC SORBENTS
Principal Investigator:   Turbeville, J. E.
Performing Organization:  University of Florida, Department of
                          Physics, 4202 Fowler Ave., Tampa, FL
                          33620
Supporting Agency:        U.S. Department of Commerce, National
                          Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
                          Sea Grant Office, No. R/OE-6.
Period:                   7/75 to 6/76
Funds:                    $35,600

Research is being conducted to design and construct a 24-ft.,
prototype, magnetic oil recovery unit which will be portable
and completely self-contained.  Work is continuing to find the
best formulation for the ferromagnetic foam and to produce
suitable amounts for use in the tests of the pick-up unit.

[SSIE No. GBP-2511]

Status:  On April 27, 1977, the recovery unit was launched in
Tampa for preliminary tests of the concept.  Tests were performed
using the ferromagnetic sorbent material, but without the presence
of oil.  The vessel operated quite well with respect to the
magnetic pick-up; work is continuing on the wringer mechanism.

    Reports and Publications

    A FERROMAGNETIC SORBENT SYSTEM FOR OIL SPILL RECOVERY
    Turbeville, J. E.  1976.
    Offshore Technology Conference, 8th, Houston, 1976.  Paper
    no. OTC-2693.  Vol. 3.  p.883-888.
    A totally new technique for oil spill recovery is described.
    The technique is based on the use of ferromagnetic sorbents
    made either from small polystyrene spheres or sponge-like,
    reusable polyurethane foam.  The ferromagnetic sorbents, once
    saturated with oil, are easily recovered and collected by
    magnetic means.
Information Source:  J. E. Turbeville, University of South Florida,
                     Department of Physics, 4202 Fowler Ave.,
                     Tampa, FL  33620
                            243

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3.  RESTORATION


    R-048-77
    EVALUATION OF SELECTED SURFACE TREATMENT AGENTS  FOR THE  PROTEC-
    TION AND RESTORATION OF SHORELINE AND SALT MARSH AREAS
    Principal Investigators:   Sartor, J.  D., et al.
    Performing Organization:   American Petroleum Institute,  1801
                              K St.,  N.W., Washington,  D.C.  20006
    Supporting Agency:         U.S. Environmental  Protection  Agency,
                              Office  of Research and Development.
                              No.  R80463901
    Period:                   8/76 to 7/77
    Funds:                    $75,000
    The selected agents for protection and restoration  of shoreline
    and salt marsh areas from oil  spills are those recommended by
    four laboratory scale projects funded by the American Petroleum
    Institute.  This project proposes to evaluate the effectiveness
    of these agents in  "real  world" situations by conducting full
    scale field tests using spilled oil at test areas to which the
    treating agents have been applied.

    [SSIE No. GMA-3084]
4.  WASTE TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL METHODS
    R-090-76 (renewal)
    OIL-WATER SEPARATION BY INDUCED-AIR FLOTATION
    Principal Investigator:   Sylvester, N.  D.
    Performing Organization:  University of Tulsa, School  of Engineering
                              and Physical  Science, 600 S.  College Ave.,
                              Tulsa, OK  74110
    Supporting Agency:         U.S.  National  Science Foundation,
                              Division of Engineering.   No. EN676-02866.
    Period:                   2/77 to T/78
    Funds:                     $21,250
    This project is designed to evaluate  experimentally the effects
    of several process  variables on the oil-water separation efficiency
    of the  induced-air  flotation process, and to determine the
    mechanism of the process.   Phase I of the program will study the
    effect  of the following, variables on the efficiency of the process:
    oil  type and concentration, emulsion droplet size and distribution,
    emulsion flow rate  and/or residence time, and air flow rate and
    bubble  size.   Phase II will investigate the effect of chemical
    flocculation on the flotation efficiency of the same emulsions
    studied in Phase I.

    [SSIE No. GSE-5640-1]
                                 244

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R-143-76
NATIONAL ECONOMIC MODELS OF INDUSTRIAL WATER USE AND WASTE
TREATMENT
Principal Investigator:   Thompson, R. G.
Performing Organization:  University of Houston, School  of
                          Business Administration, 3801  Cullen
                          Blvd., Houston,  TX  77004
Supporting Agency:        U.S. National Science Foundation,
                          Division of Advanced Environmental
                          Research and Technology. No.  ENV72-
                          03433 A05
Period:                   7/74 to 8/75

This project is a continuation of an earlier project, the main
objective of which was to develop production functions  for the
five most important water using industries (including the petro-
leum refining industry).  The proposed project will refine,
extend, and further verify the industrial  models to permit
evaluation of the effects of increasing scarcity of clean fuels
on production costs, water use, air pollution, solid waste
residuals, and brine disposal.

[SSIE No. GSQ-1497]

Status:  The NSF (RANN) project was completed in December, 1975.

    Reports and Publications
    AN INTEGRATED INDUSTRY MODEL OF PETROLEUM REFINING,
    ELECTRIC POWER, AND CHEMICALS INDUSTRIES FOR COSTING
    POLLUTION CONTROL AND ESTIMATING ENERGY PRICES
    Galloway, J. A., and R. G. Thompson.  1976.
    Engineering and Process Economics Vol. 1:199-216.

    Summary not available.
    THE COST OF ENERGY:  A LINEAR ECONOMIC MODEL OF THE
    PETROLEUM REFINING, ELECTRIC POWER, AND CHEMICALS INDUSTRIES
    Thompson, R. G., J. A. Galloway, and L. A. Nawalanic (eds.).
    1977.
    Houston, Gulf Publishing Co., 1977.

Information Source:  R. G. Thompson, University of Houston,
                     School of Business Administration, 3801
                     Cullen Blvd., Houston, TX  77004
                           245

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R-010-77 (renewal)
OIL IN WATER TECHNOLOGY
Principal Investigator:   Venezky, D.  L.
Performing Organization:   U.S.  Navy, Research Laboratory,
                          Washington,  D.  C.   20390
Supporting Agency:        U.S.  Department of Defense, Navy.
                          No.  DN580168
Period:                   10/76 to 9/77

In order to maintain naval expertise in the  area of oil-in-
water detection and assaying,  the Naval Research Laboratory
(NRL) will participate in reviewing and evaluating test methods
which are submitted or proposed to the American Society for
Testing and Materials, Committee D-19, and its task group on
oil/grease in water.  Oil and  grease components will be identified,
and methods will be developed  to distinguish between soluble non-
ionic and soluble ionic hydrocarbons in water.  Resulting
information will augment NRL's current efforts in oil/water
separation technology.

[SSIE No. ZQN-580168-1]


R-049-77
PETROLEUM-CONCENTRATION AND REFINING:   ENVIRONMENTAL
Principal Investigator:   Lifson, W. E.
Performing Organization:   Exxon Research and Engineering Company,
                          P.O.  Box 101, Florham Park, NJ  07932
Supporting Agency:        Exxon Corporation
Period:                   7/75 to (continuing)

Project aims include research  and development leading to novel
processes and techniques that  permit the refining of petroleum
with minimal environmental degradation.  Water treatment, air
conservation, waste heat utilization,  noise  and odor control
are among the areas of activity.

[SSIE No. CA-698-1]
R-050-77
U.S. NAVY OILY WASTE HANDLING PROGRAM:  DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL
COST EFFECTIVE BULK FUEL STORAGE TANK STRIPPING SYSTEM
Principal Investigator:   Strandell, P. A., and J. W. Taylor
Performing Organization:  U.S. Navy, Ship Research and Develop-
                          ment Center, Annapolis, MD  21402
Supporting Agency:        U.S. Department of Defense, Navy-
                          No. DN778141.
Period:                   10/76 to 9/77
                          246

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The investigators propose to develop an automated system that
will purge fuel storage tanks of water and dirt to Navy
acceptable levels, separate oil from the effluent for reclama-
tion and legally discharge the water and dirt to the environment
in a cost-effective manner.

[SSIE No. ZQN-778141]

    Reports and Pub!i cati ons

    LIGHT SCATTERIMG TECHNIQUES FOR DISCRIMINATING BETWEEN OIL
    AND PARTICULATES IN CONTAMINATED WATER
    Friedman, B.  1977.
    1977 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,
    Cleanup), New Orleans, March 8-10, 1977.  p.153-156.
    (American Petroleum Institute No. 4284 )

    Particulate matter interferes with the application of light
    scattering techniques used in several existing and proposed
    types of oil-in-water monitors.  A mathematical analysis
    was made of the possibility of discriminating between oil
    and particulates by using measurements of the angular
    intensity distribution ot scattered light.  It was found
    that, even with the determination of the state of polariza-
    tion of the scattered light, a distinction of oil and
    particulates is difficult.
    U.S. NAVY R&D EFFORTS IN SUPPORT OF OIL POLLUTION ABATEMENT
    STRATEGIES
    Hura, M.  1977.
    1977 Oil Spill Conference (Prevention, Behavior, Control,
    Cleanup), New Orleans, March 8-10, 1977.  p.61-63.
    (American Petroleum Institue No. 4284 )

    The basic strategy of the Navy's Oil Pollution Abatement
    program has been to institute measures that will reduce the
    amount of oil discharged from ships into the environment
    wherever possible before implementing oily waste treatment
    techniques.  Navy laboratories have been instrumental in
    developing techniques and hardware to combat oil pollution.
    Contributions include shipboard oil/water separators, real-
    time oil-in-water monitors, and effluent oil spill contain-
    ment and cleanup equipment.
                           247

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        NAVY DEVELOPMENT OF SUITABLE SHIPBOARD BILGE  OIL/WATER
        SEPARATORS
        Smookler, A.  L., J.  W.  Harden,  and P.  D.  Conroy.   1977.
        1977 Oil Spill  Conference (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,
        Cleanup), New Orleans,  March 8-10, 1977.   p.  423-428.
        (American Petroleum Institute No.  4284 )

        The development and evaluation  of a Navy  shipboard bilge
        oil-water separator are detailed and performance  goals for
        effluent oil  levels during in-port and at-sea periods  are
        established.   Test results on actual  and  deliberately
        contaminated  bilge water are reported.
        QUANTIFICATION OF NAVY OILS IN DETERGENT  LADEN  WATERS
        Yu, T.  S.   1977.
        1977 Oil  Spill Conference (Prevention,  Behavior, Control,
        Cleanup),  New Orleans, March 8-10,  1977.   p.  169-172.
        (American  Petroleum Institute No.  4284  )

        The presence of detergents interferes with the solvent
        extraction and infrared spectrometry measurement  technique
        for quantifying oil in water.  This paper describes  a study
        of an analytical  method which utilizes  silica gel  to remove
        interfering detergent(s) in the extract  so that infrared
        spectrometry can  be used to quantify the oil  in  water.
        Silica gel can remove up to 96.5%  of the interference,
        thus enabling the determination of oil  in water  in which the
        ratio of the concentration of detergent to oil is  less  than
        ten to one.

    Information Source:  J. M. Ford, Department of the Navy, Naval
                         Ship Research and Development Center,
                         Bethesda, MD  20084
5.   RECLAMATION AND REUSE


    R-05T-77
    MARKETING AND ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIERS TO REUSE OF WASTE
    LUBRICATING OIL
    Principal Investigator:    Liroff,  S. D.
    Performing Organization:   Teknekron, Inc., 2118 Milvia St.,
                              Berkeley, CA  94704
    Supporting Agency:         U.S.  National Science Foundation,
                              Division of Advanced Environmental
                              Research and Technology.  No. ENV75-
                              17302
    Period:                    3/76  to  9/77
                              248

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The research is focused on strategies designed to reduce the
technical, institutional, economic, and environmental barriers
to reuse of waste lubricating oil.  In Task I, a "Re-refining
Profile" was developed which measured a government agency's
ability to enter into a "closed-cycle" arrangement with a
re-refiner.  Task II involves a study of the conditions necessary
for the participation of petroleum companies in the marketing
of re-refined oil.  Task III is a financial assessment of the
re-refining industry, and Task IV is concerned with an
economically and ecologically efficient method of disposing
acid-sludge, which is a toxic residual of the predominant
re-refining technology in use.
[SSIE No. GSQ-1488]
Status:  The following publications will be available in September,
1977.
    Reports and Publications
    ECONOMICS OF RE-REFINING
    Liroff, S. D., and M. A. Hoffman.   Forthcoming.
    Teknekron, Inc., Berkeley. CA.
    REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS' PARTICIPATION IN WASTE OIL RECOVERY
    AND REUSE
    Liroff, S. D.5 and M. A. Hoffman.   Forthcoming.
    Teknekron, Inc., Berkeley, CA.
    MAJOR PETROLEUM COMPANIES - PARTICIPATION IN WASTE OIL
    RECOVERY AND REUSE
    Liroff, S. D., and M. A. Hoffman.   Forthcoming.
    Teknekron, Inc., Berkeley, CA,
    THE MANAGEMENT OF ACID SLUDGE
    Sessler, G.   Forthcoming.
    Teknekron,  Inc., Berkeley, CA.
 Information Source:  S. D- Liroff, Teknekron, Inc., 2118 Milvia
                     St., Berkeley, CA  94704
                            249

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6.  PREVENTION AND CONTROL MEASURES


    R-052-77
    OIL POLLUTION CONTROL AT MILITARY INSTALLATIONS
    Principal Investigator:   Fileccia,  R.  J.
    Performing Organization:  U.S.  Army, Constr.  Engineering
                              Research Lab,,  P.O.  Box 4005,
                              Champaign, IL  61820
    Supporting Agency:         U.S.  Department of Defense,  Army.
                              No.  DAOS8126
    Period:                   10/76 to 9/77

    Several Class I installations  will be surveyed to determine
    the cause, magnitude, and chemical nature of oily discharges
    from facility operations.   Based on  the findings  of the  survey,
    recommendations for .minimizing, treating, or eliminating these
    waste discharges will be formulated  for demonstration  in the
    field.

    [SSIE No. ZQA-198126]


    R-053-77
    DETERMINATION OF QUANTITIES OF CERTAIN  FUELS,  OILS, AND  TARS
    IN STORM RUNOFF WATERS FROM HIGHWAYS
    Principal Investigators:  Malina, J. F.,  and B.  L.  Wiland
    Performing Organization:  University of Texas, School  of
                              Engineering, 200 W.  21st St., Austin
                              TX 78712
    Supporting Agency:         U.S.  Department of Transportation,
                              Federal Highway Administration
    Period:                   7/75 to 6/76

    The presence or absence of certain categories of fuels,  oils,
    and tars in storm runoffs from Texas highways was  determined.
    Variations of specific and related components washed from
    asphalt and concrete  pavements were monitored seasonally for
    one annual cycle.  These research findings have  been used to
    identify and isolate   the contribution  to water  pollution
    resulting from storm  water runoff from highway pavements and
    to develop suitable control strategies  and pollution abatement
    measures.

    [SSIE No. GZD-171]

    Status:  The project  has been completed and the  final  report
    is currently being  prepared.

    Information Source:  J. F. Malina, Jr., Department of Civil
                         Engineering, University of Texas, 200 W.
                         21st, Austin, TX 78712
                             250

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R-054-77
ENVIRONMENT CONSERVATION
Principal Investigator:   McReynolds, L. A.
Performing Organization:  Phillips Petroleum Company, Bartlesville,
                          OK  74004
Supporting Agency:        Phillips Petroleum Company
Period:                   10/76 to 9/77

Environmental efforts include process studies to develop improved
gasoline fractions-to produce unleaded gasoline; work on desulfur-
ization of energy producing products derived from fossil fuels;
improved methods to minimize air and water pollutants in
discharges from refineries, processing plants, transportation
facilities, and service station dispensing units; and studies
to improve fuel and lubricant products to help meet future
emission requirements.

[SSIE No. BI-110690]

    Reports and Publications

    A MULTIPARAMETER OIL POLLUTION SOURCE IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM
    Miller, J. U.  1973.
    Report EPA-R2-73-221, Contract No. 68-01-0059.

    Summary not available.
Information Source:  L. A. McReynolds, Phillips Petroleum
                     Company, Bartlesville, OK 74004
R-055-77
ENGINEERS SCRUTINIZE POLLUTION IN TEXAS SHIP CHANNELS, HARBORS
Principal Investigators:  Withers, R. E., and M. Reavis
Performing Organization:  Texas A&M University, Department of
                          Civil Engineering, College Station,
                          TX  77843
Supporting Agency:        U.S. Department of Commerce, National
                          Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Period:                   9/75 to 9/77
University engineers are studying the pollution problems of
Texas ship channel-harbor complexes and are preparing a compre-
hensive report to help port directors identify and correct
pollution sources.  The first part of the report will identify
and classify sources of water pollution within each channel-
harbor complex and assess the quality, quantity, and frequency
of pollution by each source.  Thirteen different sources have
been examined and ranked.  The second part of the study will
describe  the problems of port management and suggest approaches
to solving them.

IMRIS Abstracts 14:#14 129695.  1976]
                            251

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C.  EFFECTS OF OIL POLLUTION

    1.  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS


        R-292-75 (renewal)
        PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOASSAY STUDIES,  ALASKA
        Principal  Investigator:   Karinen,  J.  F.
        Performing Organization:   U.S.  Department of Commerce,  Auke Bay
                                  Fisheries Laboratory,  P.  0.  Box 155,
                                  Auke  Bay, AK 99821
        Supporting Agency:        U.S.  Department of Commerce,  National
                                  Oceanic and  Atmospheric Administration,
                                  National  Marine Fisheries Service.
                                  No. ABL00776E1A1
        Period;                    7/75  to 7/76
        Funds:                    $168,000
        Major task objectives are:  to  identify deleterious effects and
        evaluate the potential  danger of  chronic exposure of marine
        organisms  to Alaska crude oil,  to use  these responses  as  means
        for monitoring and detecting, to  evaluate the effects  of  oil
        under various temperature and salinity regimes,  and to  determine
        the ability of organisms  to successfully adapt to oil  pollution.
        [SSIE No.  ZBP-969-1]

        Status:   Static 96-hr  acute bioassays are being phased out and
        longer term flow-through  tests  are  being conducted  to  achieve
        research objectives,  Greater emphasis is also being placed
        on sublethal effects, determining the  toxicity of various
        petroleum  components and  temperature effects on  oil toxicity.

        Two general  conclusions have been drawn from research  to  date;
        crustacean larvae have been found to be the most sensitive life
        stage, especially when molting; and Alaskan species may be more
        vulnerable to oil than species  from warmer waters,  since  colder
        temperatures cause toxic  aromatics  to  persist longer.
        Temperature effects on oil toxicity and animal sensitivity are
        complex  and warrant further study.

             Reports and Publications

             SENSITIVITY OF LARVAL AND  ADULT ALASKAN SHRIMP AND CRABS TO
             ACUTE EXPOSURES OF THE WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION  OF  COOK
             INLET CRUDE OIL
             Broderson, C.  C.,  S.  D. Rice,  J.  W.  Short,  T.  A.  Mecklenburg,
             and J,  F.  Karinen.  1977,
             1977  Oil  Spill  Conference  (Prevention, Behavior,  Control,
             Cleanup),  New Orleans, March 8-10, 1977.  p,  575-578,
             (American  Petroleum  Institute  No. 4284)
                                  252

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Tests using 96-hour  static bioassays at water temperatures
normally encountered by  the organisms were conducted  in
the title study.  Larvae were  found to be more sensitive
to oil  than adults,  and  the sensitivity of the larvae was
dependent on species and developmental stage.  Greater
vulnerability of  larvae  to oil exposure is probably due to
greater susceptibility to oil  toxicity and predation.  Cold
water species are particularly vulnerable because of  the
long time spent as developing  larvae.
 EFFECTS OF OIL ON MARINE  ECOSYSTEMS:  A REVIEW  FOR
 ADMINISTRATORS AND  POLICY MAKERS
 Evans, D. P., and S.  D. Rice.   1974.
 U.S.  National Marine  Fisheries  Service Bulletin 72(3):625-638.

 "A  review of selected literature  [is] surveyed  for the marine
 section of the Environmental  Impact  Statement for the pro-
 posed Trans-Alaska  pipeline  project, emphasizing the need
 for research on  the effects  of  chronic low  level pollution."
 EFFECTS OF PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE  OIL ON MOLTING  TANNER  CRABS,
 CHINONOECETES BAIRDI
 Karinen, J.  F.,  and S. D.  Rice.   1974.
 Marine Fisheries Review 36(7):31-37.

 Static bioassays using Prudhoe  Bay crude  oil  and  juvenile
 male  Tanner crabs were performed.   Both pre- and  postmolt
 crabs were susceptible to  oil,  with the 48-hr  TLm  being
 0.58  ml oil/I.   The oil  affected molting  success  and  caused
 newly molted crabs to autotomize limbs.   Alaska's Tanner
 crab  resources would  be adversely affected by oil spills.
•EFFECTS OF LOW TEMPERATURE  ON  THE  SURVIVAL  OF  PINK SALMON
'AND SHRIMP EXPOSED TO TOLUENE, NAPHTHALENE, AND THE WATER-
 SOLUBLE FRACTION  OF COOK INLET CRUDE  OIL.
 Korn,  S.,  D.  A. Moles, and  S.  D. Rice.   Submitted.
 The effect of different temperatures  on  the toxicity  of  the
 title  compounds depended on species and  toxicant.   Survival
 of shrimp  exposed to toluene and naphthalene was significantly
 less at higher temperatures.   In contrast,  survival of pink
 salmon exposed to toluene was  significantly less  at lower
 temperatures.   Other tests  did not yield significant
 temperature effects.
                       253

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HEART RATES IN ALASKAN KING CRAB, PARALITHODES CAMTSCHATICA,
EXPOSED TO COOK INLET CRUDE OIL, BENZENE, AND NAPHTHALENE
Mecklenburg, T. A., and S. D. Rice.  Submitted.
The heart rate declined during the first hours of exposure,
then returned to control or near-control rates as the crude
oil, benzene, or naphthalene concentrations in the test waters
declined.  The severity of heart rate depression in the crude
oil experiments was correlated with the initial concentra-
tion of aromatic hydrocarbons.  Recovery was dependent on
degradation of the toxicants.


MOLTING AND SURVIVAL OF KING CRAB (PARALITHODES CAMTSCHATICA)
AND COONSTRIPE SHRIMP (PANDALUS HYPSINOTUS) LARVAE EXPOSED
TO COOK INLET CRUDE OIL WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION
Mecklenburg, T. A., S. D. Rice, and J- F. Karinen.  1977.
NOAA-EPA Symposium on Fate and Effects of Petroleum Hydro-
carbons, Seattle, 1976.  In press.
Molting larvae were more sensitive than intermolt larvae to
the water-soluble fraction (WSF) of crude oil, and molting
coonstripe shrimp larvae were more sensitive than molting
king crab larvae.  When molting larvae were exposed to high
concentrations of the WSF (1.15-1.87 ppm total hydrocarbons)
for six hours, molting success was reduced by 10-30% and some
deaths occurred.  When larvae were exposed to these concentra-
tions for 24 hours or longer, molting declined 90-100% and
the larvae usually died.  Comparisons of sensitivity to oil
between different crustacean species or life stages should
be based on animals tested in. the same stage of the molt
cycle.
THE EFFECT OF PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE OIL ON SURVIVAL AND GROWTH
OF EGGS, ALEVINS, AND FRY OF PINK SALMON, ONCORHYNCHUS
GORBUSCHA
Rice, S. D.  1975.
Conference on Prevention and Control of Oil Pollution, San
Francisco, 1975.

Eggs of the pink salmon were the most resistant to oil
solutions and emergent fry the most sensitive to acute 4-
day exposures.  In freshwater, the 96-hour median tolerance
limit (TLm) of fry was 0.4 ml oil/1, and in seawater it
was 0.04 ml oil/1.  Growth was affected most severely in
alevins exposed during later developmental stages.  In
freshwater, susceptibility of early life history stages
of pink salmon to oil pollution is great at the time of
emergence (completion of yolk absorption).  Susceptibility
is even greater in seawater after fry migration.
                        254

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TOXICITY AND AVOIDANCE TESTS WITH PRUDHOE BAY OIL AND
PINK SALMON FRY
Rice, S. D.  1973.
Joint Conference on Prevention and Control of Oil Spills,
Washington, D.C., 1973.
Observed 96-hour Tim values for the pink salmon fry were 88
mg of oil/1 of water in freshwater and 213 mg/1 in seawater
in June and '110 mg/1 in seawater in August.  Old fry were
more susceptible to oil toxicity in seawater than younger
fry; older fry were also more sensitive in their detection
and avoidance of oil.  Avoidance of oil by salmon fry was
quite apparent and suggests that there is potential for oil
pollution to change their migration behavior.
ACUTE TOXICITY AND UPTAKE-DEPURATION STUDIES WITH COOK
INLET CRUDE OIL, PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE OIL, NO. 2 FUEL OIL AND
SEVERAL SUBARCTIC MARINE ORGANISMS
Rice, S. D., J. W. Short, C, C. Brodersen, T, A. Mecklenburg,
D. A. Moles, C. J. Misch, D. L. Cheatham, and J. F. Karinen.
1976.
Northwest Fisheries Center Auke Bay Fisheries Laboratory,
Processed report.  90 p.

This report provides the results of a laboratory study of
which the primary objectives were;  to determine the acute
toxicity of Cook Inlet and Prudhoe Bay crude oils and fuel
oil to various life stages and species of fish and shell-
fish found in Kachemak Bay; to determine the rate and degree
of uptake and depuration of hydrocarbons by these organisms
when they are exposed to sublethal concentrations of the
water-soluble fractions (WSF) of Cook Inlet crude oil; and
to compare results to published literature to determine
to what degree Alaskan fish and shellfish differ from species
in other areas in their response to oil contamination.
A REVIEW OF COMPARATIVE OIL TOXICITY AND COMPARATIVE
ANIMAL SENSITIVITY
Rice, S. D., J. W. Short, and J. F. Karinen.  1977.
NOAA-EPA Symposium on Fate and Effects of Petroleum
Hydrocarbons, Seattle, 1976,  In press.
This review includes studies dealing with the ability of crude
and refined oils to kill marine animals and covers:  (1)
the behavior of oil in water; (2) the methodology problems
associated with bioassays; (3) the comparative toxicity of
oil-water mixtures, oils, and components of oils; and (4)
the comparative sensitivity of different life stages and
                       255

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species.  Emphasis is on methods, comparative toxicity, and
comparative sensitivy with conclusions and recommenda-
tions for future research.
TOXICITY OF COOK INLET CRUDE OIL AND NO. 2 FUEL OIL TO
SEVERAL ALASKAN MARINE FISHES AND INVERTEBRATES
Rice, S. D., J- W. Short, and J. F. Karinen.  1976.
Sources, Effects & Sinks of Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic
Environment.  American Institute of Biological Sciences,
1976.  p. 394-406.
Proceedings of  the Symposium, American University,
Washington, D. C., 9-11 August 1976.

Crude oil, Fuel oil, Toxicity, Marine organisms, Alaska,
Fish, Invertebrates, Intertidal zone

Median tolerance levels of 27 different marine Alaskan
invertebrate and vertebrate species to water soluble
fractions of crude oil and No. 2 fuel oil were deter-
mined using a 96-hour static bioassay method.  The two
oils were equally toxic, fish were consistently among
the most sensitive species, and intertidal invertebrates
were consistently among the most resistant species.
Alaskan marine species appear to be slightly more sensi-
tive than those of temperate regions; this difference
in sensitivity may be due to the greater persistence
of toxic hydrocarbons at the lower temperatures.
EFFECT OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS ON BREATHING AND
COUGHING RATES AND HYDROCARBON UPTAKE-DEPURATION IN
PINK SALMON FRY
Rice, S. D., R. E. Thomas, and J. W. Short.  1977.
Physiological Responses of Marine Biota to Pollutants.
New York, Academic Press, 1977.

Breathing and coughing rates of pink salmon fry, Oncorhyn-
chus gorbuscha, were monitored during exposure to water
soluble fractions of Cook Inlet and Prudhoe Bay crude oils
and No. 2 fuel oil.  High breathing rates during the first
24 hrs of exposure, elimination of most aromatics by 20 hrs,
and the continued high breathing during a contact dose
exposure for 72 hrs indicate that salmon fry can cope with
a sublethal exposure to hydrocarbons, but at the cost of
an increased metabolic rate.  Increased metabolic rates
may be detrimental to survival if the stress persists for
long periods of time.
                       256

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ACCUMULATION, RETENTION, AND DEPURATION OF PETROLEUM-
DERIVED HYDROCARBONS BY FOUR SPECIES OF ALASKAN ANIMALS
(SCALLOPS, SHRIMP, KING CRAB, AND SALMON)
Short, J. W., and S. D. Rice.  1977.
Fishery Bulletin.  In press.

Water-soluble fraction (WSF) derived n-paraffins of Cook
Inlet crude oil were accumulated by scallops and pink
salmon fry gill tissue when exposed at 4°-8°C for 4 or 5
days.  The source of n-paraffins found in the other
animals  was unclear.  Depuration of accumulated n-
paraffins was rapid when these organisms were returned to
clean seawater.  Aromatics were immediately and rapidly
absorbed by all species except king crab which rapidly
absorbed aromatics after a 10-hour delay period.  Aromatics
were rapidly depurated by pink salmon fry before their
return to clean seawater, and by king crab right after
their return to clear water.  Depuration by scallops and
shrimp in clear seawater was initially rapid but then
slowed.  It was concluded that temperature has only a
minor effect on the accumulation and depuration of aromatic
hydrocarbons.
COMPARISON OF TWO METHODS FOR OIL AND GREASE DETERMINATION
Short, J. W., S. D. Rice, and D. L. Cheatham.  1976.
Assessment of the Arctic Marine Environment:  Selected
Topics.  Fairbanks, Institute of Marine Science, University
of Alaska, 1976.  Chapter 28.  p. 451-462.
The authors compare oil content measured by the gravimetric
method (which is used by government agencies for deter-
mining levels of oil in discharge waters) with oil content
determined by infrared spectrophotometry for toxic water-
soluble fractions of two crude oils and a fuel oil.
Recovery of all the oils and a synthetic grease standard
was 100% by the infrared method.  Using the gravimetric
method, recovery of the grease standard was 98%, but
recovery of the three pure oils ranged from 52 to 65%.
It is concluded that the gravimetric method is sensitive
to heavier compounds of the oils.  When oil concentrations
in water are to be measured and correlated with chemical
toxicity, the gravimetric procedure should be supplemented
with a method specific for the more soluble and volatile
components.
                      257

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     RESPONSE OF THE CLAM, HACOMA BALTHICA (LINNAEUS),
     EXPOSED TO PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE OIL AS UNMIXED OIL,
     WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION, AND OIL-CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT
     IN THE LABORATORY
     Taylor, T. L., and J. F. Karinen. 1977.
     NOAA-EPA Symposium on Fate and Effects of Petroleum
     Hydrocarbons, Seattle, 1976. In press.
     Gentle settling of crude oil over clam beds had negligible
     effects on clams observed for two months.  Water-soluble
     (WSF) and oil-treated (OTF) sediment fractions of Prudhoe
     Bay crude oil inhibitied burrowing and caused clams to
     move to the sediment surface.  Responses were directly
     proportional to the concentrations of the WSF or amount of
     OTF.  The significance of these laboratory tests to
     survival of M_. balthica in the natural environment is
     discussed.
     INCREASED OPERCULAR RATES OF PINK SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS
     GORBUSCHA) FRY AFTER EXPOSURE TO THE WATER-SOLUBLE FRACTION
     OF PRUDHOE BAY CRUDE OIL
     Thomas, R. E., and S. D. Rice.  1975.
     Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 32(11):
     2221-2224.

     The opercular rates of the pink salmon increased signifi-
     cantly for 9 to 12 hours after exposure to water-soluble
     fractions of oil-water solutions.  Increases in rates were
     proportional to increases in dose.  Recording changes in
     opercular rates is a suitable method for detecting sub-
     lethal physiological effects of stress.

Information source:  J. F. Karinen, U.S.  Department of Commerce,
                     Auke Bay Fisheries Laboratory, P. 0. Box
                     155, Auke Bay, AK 99821
R-098-76 (renewal)
CONTROLLED ECOSYSTEM POLLUTION EXPERIMENT (CEPEX) - ZOOPLANKTON
POPULATION ASSESSMENT
Principal Investigator:  Grice, G. D.
Performing Organization:  Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,
                          Main St., Woods Hole, MA 02543
Supporting Agency:        U.S. National Science Foundation,
                          Division of Ocean Sciences.  No. OCE76-
                          80249
Period:                   1/77 to 2/78
Funds:                    $63,000

In the CEPEX, scientists from the United States, United Kingdom,
and Canada are studying the effects of specific pollutants on
                           258

-------
oceanic communities.  In the proposed  research, zooplankton
contained in large plastic cylinders are subjected to low-
level and long-term exposure to petroleum and heavy metals.
The results will permit assessment of the impact of known
levels of pollutants on zooplankton species, occurrence,
abundance,and life history.
[SSIE No. GSN-1507-3]
R-100-76 (renewal)
PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF CONTAMINANTS
Principal Investigator:  Mai ins, D. C.
Performing Organization:  U.S. Department of Commerce, Environ-
                          mental Conservation Division, 2725
                          Montiake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112
Supporting Agency:        U.S. Department of Commerce, National
                          Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
                          National Marine Fisheries Service
                          No. NWC03376EIA1
Period:                   7/75 to 6/76
Funds:                    $287,300

On-site research has been conducted at three strategically
located field facilities to investigate the stress and
behavioral effects of contaminants and alterations on the
survival of salmonid stocks in the lower Columbia River and
selected species in Puget Sound.  Data are provided on effects
of nitrogen, dredge disposal, petroleum,and temperature to
improve water quality standards, an adequate review on intake
and discharge permits, and environmental impact statements.

[SSIE No. ZBP-945-1]
     Reports and Publications
     INDUCTION OF HEPATIC ARYL HYDROCARBON HYDROXYLASE IN
     SALMON EXPOSED TO PETROLEUM DISSOLVED IN SEAWATER AND
     TO PETROLEUM AND POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS, SEPARATE
     AND TOGETHER, IN FOOD
     Gruger, E. H., Jr., M. M. Wekell, P. T.  Numoto, and
     D. R. Craddock.  1977.
     Bulletin of Environmental Contamination  and Toxicology

     Hepatic aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) is induced in
     coho salmon exposed to 1 ppm PCB's in the diet; however,
     comparable experiments with 1 ppm Prudhoe Bay crude oil
     did not alter the AHH activities.  These findings suggest
     that in aquatic food chains containing petroleum hydrocar-
     bons and PCB'S, the latter substance may exert a predom-
     inant influence on the induction of the  hepatic AHH enzyme
     system.  Young coho salmon exposed to 150 ppb of a
                           259

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     seawater-soluble fraction of crude oil for 6 days exhibited
     a significant induction of this enzyme system.  Thus,
     highly soluble crude oil components may be more effective
     than high molecular weight insoluble components in
     inducing AHH.
     EFFECTS OF CHLORINATED BIPHENYLS AND PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS
     ON THE ACTIVITY OF HEPATIC. ARYL HYDROCARBON HYDROXYLASE
     OF COHO SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS KISUTCH) AND CHINOOK SALMON
     (£. TSHAHYTSCHA)
     Gruger, E. H., Jr., M. M. Wekell, and P.  A. Robisch.
     Unpublished report.
     Saltwater-adapted coho and chinook salmon were fed
     mixtures of test compounds; one composed of chlorobiphenyls
     and the other of petroleum hydrocarbons.   Induction of
     aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) activity occurred in
     hepatic microsomes from coho salmon within the first two
     weeks of hydrocarbon exposure.   Induction was potentiated
     by the presence of chlorobiphenyls; however, no effect
     on enzyme activity was found with chlorobiphenyls alone.
     In chinook salmon, AHH activity in hepatic microsomes
     was depressed by the chlorobiphenyls and hydrocarbons,
     administered both separately and together.  The results
     provide evidence indicating that aryl hydrocarbon (benzo-
     [a]pyrene) hydroxylase responds differently in different
     species of salmonids to chlorobiphenyls and petroleum
     hydrocarbons in food.
     EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM ON ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC MARINE
     ENVIRONMENTS AND ORGANISMS
     Malins, D. C.  1977.
     New York, Academic Press, 1977.  Vol.  II.  Biological
     Effects of Petroleum.

     The impacts of petroleum hydrocarbons  on the biota of
     pristine areas is poorly understood, despite certain
     relevant data from laboratory experiments with indigenous
     organisms and a lesser amount of field information.  In
     this volume an attempt is made to compile data on the
     biological effects of petroleum on marine organisms,
     evaluate the implications to possible  alterations in
     organisms and ecosystems, and offer suggestions for future
     work where significant gaps in knowledge exist.

Information Source:  D. C. Malins, U.S. Department of Commerce,
                     Environmental Conservation Division, 2725
                     Montiake Blvd., E., Seattle, WA 98112
                          260

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R-056-77
MACROBENTHIC SURVEY IN THE VICINITY OF THE METULA OIL SPILL,
MAGELLAN STRAIT, CHILE
Principal Investigators:  Gallardo, V. A., J. G. Castillo,
                          R. C. Swartz, and D. J. Baumgartner
Performing Organization:  University of Concepcidn, Casilla
                          1367, Concepcidn, Chile
Supporting Agency:        U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
                          Office of Research and Development.
                          No. R804514 01
Period:                   4/76 to 6/77
Funds:                    $47,350

Project objectives are:  to quantitatively describe the faunal
composition, density, standing crop, diversity, dominance and
spatial homogeneity of the subtidal macrobenthos of Bahia
Felipe, the site of the "Metula" spill; and to correlate changes
in the community structure with depth, bottom water quality,
and sediment characteristics, especially oil pollution, particle
size distribution,and organic carbon content,  the survey will
be performed on board "E/V HERO".  A sampling grid has been
designed to observe the impact of oil from the source of the
spill and the areas where it was finally deposited.

[SSIE No. GMA-3243]


R-057-77
DETECTION OF CARCINOGENICITY OF OILS IN SEAWATER - USE OF
HYBRID FISH AND FOOD CHAIN
Principal Investigators:  Humm, D. G., M. L. Bellamy, and
                          C. F. Smith
Performing Organization:  University of North Carolina, School
                          of Arts and Sciences, Chapel Hill,
                          N.C. 27514
Supporting Agency:        U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
                          Office of Research and Development.
                          No. R804650 01
Period:                   9/76 to 8/77
Funds:                    $41,150

Effects are being made to apply a sensitized fish bioassay to
the detection and measurement of carcinogens in shale oil,
crude oil., and seawater pollution, and to develop an artificial
laboratory food chain and measure the quantitative transfer
and destruction of carcinogens in their passage along the chain.

[SSIE No. GMA-3269]
                           261

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R-058-77
SUBLETHAL BIOCHEMICAL EFFECTS OF CONTAMINANTS
Principal Investigator:  Mai ins, D. C.
Performing Organization:  U.S. Department of Commerce,
                          Environmental Conservation Division,
                          2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, MA
                          98112
Supporting Agency:        U.S. Department of Commerce, National
                          Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
                          tion, National Marine Fisheries
                          Service.  No. NWC03176EIA1
Period:                   7/75 to 7/76
Funds:                    $313,400
Emphasis is placed on definition of the magnitude of impact
on marine biota from steady low-level introduction of compo-
nents of petroleum oil into the marine environment.  Deter-
minations will be made on effects of aromatic hydrocarbons,
metals, and petroleum oil fractions on larval, juvenile,and
adult forms of fish and Crustacea under various environmental
conditions such as temperature and salinity.
[SSIE No. ZBP-916-1]
For reports and publications, see R-100-76, p. 259.
R-059-77
EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM COMPOUNDS ON ESTUARINE FISHES
Principal Investigators:  Martin, B. J., and H. D. Howse
Performing Organization:  University of Southern Mississippi,
                          School of Science and Technology,
                          Hattiesburg, MS 39401
Supporting Agency:        U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
                          Office of Research and Development.
                          No. R804527 01
Period:                   7/76 to 10/77
Funds:                    $85,669

The purpose of this project is to study chemically induced
tumors in teleost fishes.  Tissues from the liver, kidney,
intestine, and gills of fish exposed to low levels of a known
carcinogen will be studied histologically.  This research will
provide data concerning the quantities of benzopyrene
necessary to induce neoplasias, establish the feasibility of
using teleost fish as early indicators of carcinogenic sub-
stances in the aquatic environment,and demonstrate the cost
effectiveness of this type system.

[SSIE No. GMA-3065]
                          262

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R-060-77
PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY AND THE EFFECTS OF CRUDE OILS ON ARCTIC
MARINE INVERTEBRATES TO INCLUDE ADDITIONAL RELATED STUDIES
Principal Investigator:   Mullin, T. C.
Performing Organization:  Unknown institute or individual grant,
                          Canada
Supporting Agency:        Canada, Department of the Environment.
                          No. OSX4-0046
Period:                   7/75 to 6/76
Funds:                    $6,236

No summary provided to SSIE.

[SSIE No. WDB-23]
R-061-77
FATE AND EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND SELECTED TOXIC
METALS IN SELECTED MARINE ECOSYSTEMS AND ORGANISMS
Principal Investigator:   Wolfe, D. A.
Performing Organization:  U.S. Department of Commerce, Environ-
                          mental Research Labs, Boulder, CO
                          80302
Supporting Agency:        U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
                          Office of Research and Development.
                          No. EPA-IAG-D6-E693-EM
Period:                   8/75 to 7/76
Funds:                    $478,000

The project includes four tasks with the following objectives:
establish an NOAA analytical capability for petroleum hydro-
carbons and toxic metals in the marine environment for purposes
of standardizing analytical techniques and providing intercali-
bration services; design a comprehensive program of lab and
field research to fill information gaps with reference to a
particular study site in a coastal portion of the northeast
Gulf of Alaska; select and conduct specific laboratory experi-
ments on fate and effects of metals and hydrocarbons, and con-
duct controlled experimental ecosystem research to test the
ability to predict ecological and biological impacts of
petroleum in subarctic ecosystems.

Equipment has been purchased and routine analyses of petroleum
hydrocarbons in environmental samples are underway at the NOAA
National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Fisheries Center,
Seattle, WA.  Laboratory experiments are being conducted to
examine the interactions between PCB's and petroleum hydrocarbons
in juvenile salmon and to determine the effects of petroleum
on trace metal distributions between sediments and seawater.
Feasibility studies and experimental design are underway.

[SSIE No. GMA-3038]
                            263

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2.   GENERAL EFFECTS


    R-062-77
    SEDIMENTARY PROCESSES AND SEDIMENTS,  BABBAGE RIVER DELTA,
    YUKON COAST
    Principal  Investigator:    Forbes,  D.  L.
    Performing Organization:   Canadian Department of Energy and
                              Resources,  Terrain Sciences  Division,
                              601  Booth St.,  Ottawa, Ontario,  KIA 038,
                              Canada
    Supporting Agency:         Canada Department of Energy,  Mines  and
                              Resources,  Geological  Survey  of  Canada
    Period:                   4/76 to  3/77
    The investigator proposes to develop  integrated sedimentation
    models applicable to an  estuarine  delta  in a tundra and perma- '
    frost environment,  consider the stability of the system and its
    potential  response  to artificial changes  resulting from pipeline
    construction or oil  spills, and consider  the use of the Babbage
    River delta as a small  scale research analog for the Mackenzie
    delta.
    [SSIE No.  CM-226]


    R-063-77
    THE FEASIBILITY OF  EXTENDING SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENERGY STUDIES WITH
    MEASUREMENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS
    Principal  Investigator:    Lundin,  A.
    Performing Organization:   University  of Stockholm, Box  6409,
                              Fack S-104  05,  Stockholm 50,  Sweden
    Supporting Agency:         Sweden Energy  Research and Development
                              Commission
    Period:                   1/76 to  3/77
    Funds:                    $29,200

    A survey is being made of the  methodology and results  of studies
    which have attempted to  measure environmental effects,  especially
    air and water pollution,  resulting from oil refining and trans-
    portation, production of electrical power, and use of  energy in
    processing industries.   The results of the survey are  planned
    to be reported in March,  1977.

    [SSIE No.  CM-124]
                                264

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D.  EFFECTS OF OIL PROSPECTING AND PRODUCTION

    1.  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS


        R-Q64-77
        MITIGATION GOALS FOR OIL SHALE
        Principal Investigator:   Unknown
        Performing Organization:  Colorado State University, State Cooperative
                                  Wildlife Research Unit, Fort Collins,
                                  CO 80523
        Supporting Agency:        U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and
                                  Wildlife Service, Wildlife Research
                                  Division.  Contract Welut No. 051-75
        Period:                   11/75 to 10/76

        This study will identify the most significant fish and wildlife
        population reductions that will result from environmental changes
        caused by oil shale development, formulate a list of candidate
        mitigation goal alternatives, and evaluate the effectiveness of a
        sample of previous attempts to mitigate wildlife population
        reductions.  No collection of quantitative data in the field is
        anticipated.
        [SSIE No. GU-144]

        Status;  This project is approximately 60% complete and is
        scheduled for completion by November, 1978.  No papers have yet
        been prepared.  The principal product of the contract will be a
        series of computer programs and data banks.
        Information source:  K, R. Russell, Colorado State University,
                             State Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit,
                             Fort Collins, CO 80523


        R-065-77
        ANALYSIS OF OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF DEVELOPMENT AND POTENTIAL
        IMPACTS ON MARINE MAMMAL POPULATIONS
        Principal Investigator:   Waring, G. H.
        Performing Organization:  Unknown institute or individual grant,
                                  Virginia
        Supporting Agency:        U.S. Marine Mammal Commission.
                                  Contract MM6AC012
        Period;                   1/76 to 9/76
        Funds:                    $19,040

        The objectives of the study are to identify the marine mammal
        populations that could be impacted by present and proposed OCS
        oil and gas development activities, evaluate for each proposed
                                    265

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    sale area the potential  impact on  marine stocks,  assess  the
    completeness of the present marine mammal  data  base in potentially
    high impact areas  and recommend additional  studies  necessary for
    impact evaluation, identify the safeguards  proposed and  taken by
    government and industry  to minimize these  impacts,  and recommend
    alternative courses of action  that will  minimize  the potential  or
    realized threat to marine  mammal populations.

    [SSIE No. CH-589]


2.  GENERAL EFFECTS
    R-066-77
    ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF AN  ACTIVE  OIL  FIELD IN  THE  NORTH-
    WESTERN GULF OF MEXICO 1975-1980
    Principal  Investigators:   Angelovic, 0.  W.,  R.  J. Berry,  K.  N.
                              Baxter,  J. H.  Finucane, and W.  L.  Trent
    Performing Organization:   U,S.  Department  of Commerce,  Gulf
                              Coastal  Fisheries  Center,  4700  Ave.
                              U, Galveston,  TX 77550
    Supporting Agency:         U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency,
                              Office of Research and Development.
                              No.  IAG-D6-E693-EO
    Period:                    7/75  to  6/76

    A detailed five-year environmental assessment study of  the
    Buccaneer  oil  and gas field was initiated  in April,  1976.  The
    objectives are to describe existing ecosystems  and  area!  dis-
    tribution  of their  major components, compare concentrations  of
    pollutants in the sediments, water, and  biota of the oil  field
    to those in an unaltered area,  and identify  changes that  have
    occurred.   Surveys  have  been initiated to  describe  the  hydro-
    graphy,  water quality parameters,  sediments,  pollutants,  and the
    abundance, distribution,  diversity and habitat of major pianktonic,
    benthic, and pelagic communities,

    [SSIE  No,  GMA-2928]

    Status:  The final  report for the  first  year's  work should be
    available  for distribution by NOAA/EPA in  August, 1977.  In-
    vestigators are in  the process  of  initiating the second year's
    work.

    The summaries listed below give results  for  the period  November,
    1975,  through April, 1977.
                                266

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Reports and Publications

ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF AN ACTIVE OIL FIELD IN THE
NORTHWESTERN GULF OF MEXICO, 1975-1977

Task 2.3 Alterations and Marine Ecosystems

SUMMARY OF RESULTS - WORK UNITS 2.3.2 AND 2.4.2.  SEDIMENTS
AND TRACE METALS
Anderson, 0. B., R. R. Schwarzer, and H, C. Clark

Geological and geochemical studies were conducted as part of
an  environmental assessment of the Buccaneer offshore Texas
oil/gas field.  Included were seismic profile studies to
elucidate the geologic structure of the area, sediment
sampling to determine size distributions, textures and
mineralogy, and trace metal analyses of sediments near
platforms to understand types and sources of contamination.
SUMMARY OF RESULTS - WORK UNIT 2.3.3.  BENTHOS
Harper, D,, Jr.

As part of an environmental assessment of the Buccaneer
offshore Texas oil/gas field, studies were conducted on
benthic organisms around platforms, and on seasonal population
variations.  The substrate in this region ranges from sandy mud
to muddy sand and the residing benthic organisms are primarily
crustaceans and polychaete worms.
SUMMARY OF RESULTS - WORK UNIT 2.3.4.  DEMERSAL FINFISH AND
MACRO-CRUSTACEANS
Emiliani, D.
Several sampling cruises were conducted in the Buccaneer
offshore oil/gas field to compare population densities of the
title organisms in platform areas and in control areas.
The largest number of species and the largest catch, based on
number per hour of all species caught, were from the platform
areas.
SUMMARY OF RESULTS - WORK UNIT 2.3,5.  PELAGIC AND REEF FISHES
Trent, L.
Recreational fishing studies were conducted as a part of an
environmental assessment of the Buccaneer offshore Texas oil/
gas field.  Number of species caught and number of fishing boats
in the oil field area were monitored for diurnal and seasonal
variations.
                        267

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SUMMARY OF RESULTS - WORK UNIT 2.3.6.  ICHTHYOPLANKTON
Finucane, J. H,
Ichthyoplankton studies conducted in the Buccaneer offshore
oil/gas field area and adjacent coastal waters revealed that
total species diversity was greater in the oil field area than
in the control area.  During spawning seasons, the oil field
areas were found to contain a greater number of eggs and larvae
than control stations.  Oil platforms and related structures
appear to serve as artificial reefs that attract fish and other
organisms.
SUMMARY OF RESULTS - WORK UNIT 2.3.8.  EFFECTS OF STRUCTURES
Fotheringham, N.
The interactions between production platforms and the community
of fouling organisms, its plantonic larvae, and its predators
were studied as part of an environmental assessment of the
Buccaneer offshore oil/gas field.  Sixteen algal species and
101 invertebrate species were found to encrust the structure,
and 27 species of resident fishes were enumerated.  The. benthic
fauna directly below the structure were enriched by food resources
dropping from the platform-encrusting organisms.
SUMMARY OF RESULTS - WORK UNIT 2.3.8.  EFFECTS OF STRUCTURES -
AVIAN POPULATIONS
Aumann, G.

The effects of a platform on migrating and resident birds were
studied.  Effects on migrating marine birds were judged to be
negligible.  Resident marine birds were found to benefit from
the structure's presence and the effects on migrating land
birds were assessed as possibly, but not conclusively, detrimental


SUMMARY OF RESULTS - WORK UNIT 2.3,9.  CURRENTS, TEMPERATURES,
AND SALINITIES
Martin, J.

As a part of an environmental assessment of the Buccaneer off-
shore Texas oil/gas field, seasonal variations in salinities,
temperatures, and current patterns in the oil field area were
monitored for one year.  Results are presented.
SUMMARY OF RESULTS - WORK UNIT 2.4.1.  HYDROCARBONS
Middled!tch, B.

The types and concentrations of hydrocarbons in Buccaneer
oil field crude oils, condensates, discharged formation
                         268

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     waters, seawater, marine invertebrates and vertebrates, and
     sediments were determined.  The crude oil contains 18% ri-
     al kanes, together with branched alkanes and aromatic hydro-
     carbons. Condensates were relatively enriched with volatile
     components.  Low levels of petroleum alkane contamination were
     present in surface-seawater samples and in near-surface
     organisms, i.e. barnacles.  Only one of four species of shrimp
     examined contained petroleum alkanes.  Inconclusive results
     were obtained for plankton; no petroleum was found in squid
     or sediments.
     SUMMARY OF RESULTS - WORK UNIT 2,4.3.  TOTAL ORGANICS C13/C12
     Behrens, W.

     The extent of pollution of total organic carbon in recent
     marine sediments of the Buccaneer oil/gas field was compared
     to an unaltered area by measuring the carbon isotope
     characteristics of the total organic carbon present.  Results
     show a pattern of anomalously old radiocarbon ages in sediments
     of the oil field and in surrounding areas, indicating that
     pollution from oil production has occurred.  However, the carbon
     isotope distribution pattern does not fit a simple test model.
Information source:
E. F. Klima, U.S. Department of Commerce,
National Marine Fisheries Service, SEFC,
Galveston Laboratory, 4700 Ave. U,
Galveston, TX 77550
R-067-77
IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL
Principal Investigator:
Performing Organization
Supporting Agency:
Perio'd:
Funds:
   CHANGE, MIDDLE ATLANTIC
     Pearce, J. B.
   :  U.S. Department of Commerce, Northeast
     Fisheries Center, Sandy Hook Laboratory,
     P. 0. Box 428, Highlands, NJ 07732
     U.S. Department of Commerce, National
     Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
     National Marine Fisheries Service.
     No. MAC00776E1A1
     7/75 to 6/76
     $44,100
Environmental baseline surveys of sediments, benthic macrofauna,
and a number of water column parameters have been completed for
Raritan Bay, Long Island Sound, the New Jersey coast,and portions
of the Baltimore Canyon Trough.  Data from the latter two surveys
are combined for subsequent determination of impacts of oil
exploration activities.
[SSIE No. ZBP-1225]
                              269

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     Reports and Publications

     BENTHIC ASSEMBLAGES IN THE DEEPER CONTINENTAL SHELF WATERS
     OF THE MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHr
     Pearce, J. B.  1974.
     Marine Environmental  Implications of Offshore Oil  and Gas
     Development in the Baltimore Canyon Region of the  Mid-Atlantic
     Coast.  Proceedings of Estuarine Research Federation Outer
     Continental Shelf Conference and Workshop, University of
     Maryland, 1974.   p. 297-318.
     The benthic assemblages collected from the continental
     shelf in the New York Bight are of average to high diversity.
     Approximately the same number of species and individuals per
     grab sample was   found as in samples collected from un~
     contaminated areas in the Bight apex and inshore stations,
     Based on calculations from the data collected, it  was found that
      the offshore shelf areas are  represented by a total number
     of species similar to inshore  stations in water 100 feet or
     less in depth.  A discussion is given regarding the need for
     in-depth investigations of the distribution of benthic
     organisms in proposed sites of oil exploration and drilling,
     and the need for studies to determine the lethal and sub-
     lethal effects of known crude  oils on marine benthic organisms
     characteristic of the continental shelf of the Middle Atlantic
     Bight.
     OUR COASTAL WATERS:   AN ENDANGERED ZONE
     Pearce, J.  B.   1976.
     The Science Teacher 43(9).   4 p.
     Discussed are  the phenomenon of "coastal  congestion," brought
     about by the development and increased population of the
     coastal and estuarine environments, and the threat to these
     areas caused by pollution from sewage and sludge, petroleum
     and power plants and by mineral  resource  development.
Information source:   J.  B.  Pearce? U.S. Department of Commerce,
                     Northeast Marine  Fisheries Center, Sandy
                     Hook Laboratory,  Highlands, NJ 07732
                             270

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E.  FATE OF OIL IN THE ENVIRONMENT

    1.   BIODEGRADATION
        R-227-74 (renewal)
        BIODEGRADATION OF OIL IN SEAWATER FOR NAVAL POLLUTION CONTROL
        Principal Investigator:   O'Neill, T. B., and D. B. Chan
        Performing Organization:  U.S. Navy, Civil Engineering Laboratory,
                                  Point Mugu, Port Hueneme, California
                                  93041
        Supporting Agency:        U.S. Department of Defense, Navy.
                                  No. DN144052
        Period:                   10/76 to 9/77

        The objective of this research is to isolate microorganisms which
        can efficiently degrade petroleum and be grown in large quantities.
        The research will include a literature review, isolating of
        microbes from areas of Southern California where oil leakage is
        common, increasing their metabolic activity in pure or mixed
        cultures, and mass producing suitable organisms in order to
        eliminate oil through biodegradation.
        [SSIE No. ZQN-144052-6]
        R-339-74 (renewal)
        NAVY ENVIRONMENT:  BIOLOGY OF MARINE AND ESTUARINE MICROORGANISMS
        Principal Investigator:   Colwell, R. R., and J. D, Walker
        Department:                Microbiology
        Performing Organization:  University of Maryland, School  of
                                  Agriculture, College Park, MA 20742
        Supporting Agency:        U.S. Department of Defense, Navy.
                                  No. DN223667, Contract N00014-75-C-0340
        Period:                   10/76 to 9/77
        Funds:                    $29,641

        The ability of marine and estuarine bacteria to degrade hydro-
        carbons and petroleum in situ is being tested by a variety of
        techniques including electron microscopy and gas liquid
        chromatography.  The biodegradation of lipids and refractory
        materials in suspended particulates is being examined.  The
        interactions of microorganisms in estuarine and oceanic eco-
        systems are investigated.

        [SSIE No. GQN-223667-3]
        Status:  The investigators are presently in the process of writing
        up work on the Metula oil spill which was funded by the National
        Science Foundation,
                                   271

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Reports and Pub1i ca tions (Navy contract)
ENRICHMENT FOR ESTUARINE PETROLEUM-DEGRADING BACTERIA USING
LIQUID AND SOLID MEDIA
Calomiris, J. J., B. Austin, J. D. Walker, and R. R. Colwell.
1977.
Journal of Bacteriology 42:135-144.
Bacteria in oil-contaminated and oil-free estuarine water
and sediment were isolated on solid and in liquid petroleum
media.  A greater variety of bacteria was noted when direct
plating techniques were employed, compared with liquid
enrichment.  Strains isolated by liquid enrichment were found
more frequently to be capable of utilizing model petroleum
in vitro, compared with isolates obtained by direct plating.


INTERACTIONS OF ARABIAN CRUDE OIL WITH BEACH SEDIMENT BACTERIA
Colwell, R. R., J. D. Walker, B. F. Conrad, and P. A. Seesman.
1977.
Final report, EPA Grant No. 68-01-3284.  78 p.
Beach sediment samples collected in the Straits of Magellan
were examined for petroleum hydrocarbons and found to contain
significant amounts of oil, with the concentration of oil
related to degree of exposure to the "Metula" spill.  The
total number of viable, aerobic, heterotrophic microorganisms
in the samples was found to decrease with increasing oil
concentration.  More rapid glucose uptake and mineralization
by microorganisms were observed in clean sediment samples.
Good growth in Arabian crude oil medium was obtained for
most samples; however, the extent of degradation varied
considerably with rate of removal of the major components of
the oil.  High concentrations of oil appeared to affect
biodegradation adversely.
PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS:  DEGRADATION AND GROWTH POTENTIAL
FOR ATLANTIC OCEAN SEDIMENT BACTERIA
Walker, J. D., J. J. Calomiris, T. L, Herbert, and R. R.
Colwell.  1976.
Marine Biology 34(l):l-9.
Microorganisms isolated from sediment samples taken from
three stations along a track!ine off the North Carolina
coast were examined for their ability to degrade a number of
petroleum hydrocarbons.  Bacteria from samples collected
at a depth of 5,000 m showed greater growth and hydrocarbon
degradation when cultured in a seawater medium than in media
made up with salt solution.  Growth of bacteria in
sediment samples collected at two stations was suppressed in
seawater medium when a 1% mixture of 19 different petroleum
hydrocarbons was added.
                      272

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LONG-CHAIN ji-ALKANES OCCURRING DURING MICROBIAL DEGRADATION
OF PETROLEUM
Walker, J. D., and R. R. Colwell.  1976.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology 22(6):886-891,

Five axenic cultures and a mixed culture were examined for
their ability to degrade various crude oils.  A wax was
formed during the biodegradation of one of the crudes which
was not observed during the weathering of the same oil.  The
wax contained high-boiling alkanes similar to those found
in tar balls of the open ocean.
MEASURING THE POTENTIAL ACTIVITY OF PETROLEUM - DEGRADING
BACTERIA
Walker, J. D., and R. R. Colwell.  1976.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology 31(2):189-197.

[C~  ] hydrocarbons were used to evaluate the hydrocarbon-
degrading potential of bacteria in estuarine and marine
environments.  Amount of mineralization of [C^4] hexadecane
can be equated with the total number of petroleum-degrading
bacteria and the percentage of the total heterotrophic
bacterial population which they represent,
PETROLEUM DEGRADATION BY ESTUARINE ORGANISMS
Walker, J. D,, and R, R. Colwell.  1976.
Proceedings of the Third International Biodegradation
Symposium,  J, M. Sharpley and A. M. Kaplan (eds.).  Barking,
Essex, Applied Science Publishers, Ltd., 1976. p. 197-204.
Symposium held in Kingston, Rhode Island, 17-23 August, 1975.
This paper reports on the seasonal variation in the numbers
and activity of petroleum-degrading microorganisms from oil-
contaminated and oil-free environments.  Information on the
susceptibility of petroleum to microbial degradation by
indigenous microorganisms of Chesapeake Bay is presented.

[from Proceedings of the Third International Biodegradation
Symposium.  List of Contents,  Applied Science Publishers,
Ltd.  July, 1976]
COMPARISON OF THE BIODEGRADABILITY OF CRUDE AND FUEL OILS
Walker, J. D., L. Petrakis, and R. R. Colwell.  1976.
Canadian Journal of Microbiology 22(4):598-602.
                       273

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     The ability of two crude and two fuel oils to support growth
     of a mixed population of estuarine bacteria was examined.  Each
     of the oils supported a unique population of bacteria and
     yeasts.  Low sulfur, high saturate South Louisiana crude oil
     was highly susceptible to degradation; in contrast, the dense
     high sulfur Bunker C fuel oil was strongly recalcitrant to
     biodegradation.
     PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS:  DEGRADATION AND GROWTH POTENTIAL OF
     DEEPSEA SEDIMENT BACTERIA
     Walker, J. D., P. A. Seesman, T. L. Herbert, and R. R. Colwell.
     1976.
     Environmental Pollution 10(2):89-99.
     Bacteria from Atlantic marine sediments samples were able to
     degrade petroleum hydrocarbons in a seawater based medium.
     The inorganic nutrient concentration from both the seawater
     and the sediment had a large effect on degradation.  Those
     bacteria from deep-ocean stations were more successful at
     degradation than those from coastal sediments.
Information source:  R. R. Colwell, University of Maryland, Division
                     of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Department of
                     Microbiology, College Park, MD 20742
R-068-77
USE HETEROTROPHIC ACTIVITY TECHNIQUE FOR ASSAYING EFFECTS OF
NUTRIENTS AND POLLUTION ADDITIONS UPON MICROBES OF NATURAL WATERS
Principal Investigator:   Albright, L. J.
Performing Organization:  Simon Fraser University, School of Science,
                          Buraby, British Columbia, Canada
Supporting Agency:        International Atomic Energy Agency.
                          No, 1831/CF
Period:                   8/76 to 7/77

The objective of this research is to develop an assay for determining
the- sub-lethal impact of various pollutants, including metallic salts,
petroleum and pesticides, upon the heterotrophic activities of the
total microflora (algae, bacteria, fungi and protozoa) of natural
waters.  The abilities of these waters and sediments to degrade
petroleum and its products will be examined by adding 14C-label led
oil and oil  products to the waters to determine degradation rates
and turnover time with the use of the heterotrophic activity assay.
[SSIE No. CH-317]
                               274

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R-069-77
BIOCDNCENTRATION OF  ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENS -  RESPONSE TO  MARINE
INVERTEBRATE MICROSOMAL OXIDASES  TO ENVIRONMENTAL CARCINOGENS
Principal Investigator:  Anderson, R. S.
Performing Organization:  Sloan Kettering  Institute of Canadian
                          Research, 145 Boston Post Rd.,  Rye,
                          NY 10580
Supporting Agency: •       U.S. Environmental  Protection  Agency,
                          Office  of Research  and Development.
                          No. R804435 01
Period;                   1/76 to 12/76
Funds:                    $48,982
The capacity of marine organisms  to metabolize environmental
pollutants including pesticides and carcinogenic polycyclfc
hydrocarbons is being determined.  Microsomal mixed function
oxidases are being studied  in the oyster,  Crassostrea, virginica,
and the lobster, Homarus americana.  The general properties of the
enzymes benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase, DDT hydroxylase, aldrin
epoxidase, and heptachlor epoxidase will also be studied,


R-070-77
INTERACTIONS OF CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS AND MICROORGANISMS IN THE NEW
JERSEY COASTAL ENVIRONMENT
Principal Investigators:   Bartha, R., and A. D.  Antoine
Performing Organization:   Rutgers The State University, Agricultural
                           Experiment Station, Old Queens Bldg.,
                           New Brunswick, NJ 08903
Supporting Agency:         U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative
                           State  Res. Service, New Jersey
Period:                    10/76  to 9/77

The interaction of various chemical pollutants, such as petroleum
hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, heavy metals, etc., will
be investigated in both laboratory and field experiments.  The
action of the pollutants on essential microbial processes, such as
organic matter degradation, nitrification, nitrogen fixation, etc.,
will be examined.   The concentration of pollutants in microorganisms
and through them in higher members in estuarine food chains will
be measured by radiometric techniques.

[SSIE No.  GY-68007-1]
Status:  The biodegradation of South Louisiana (SL) crude oil, and
the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and iron supplements on this
process were compared in a polluted and in a relatively clean  ,
littoral seawater sample taken along the New Jersey coast.  Without
supplements.,  the biodegradation of the oil was negligible in both
                              275

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    samples.   Addition  of nitrogen and phosphorus  allowed  very  rapid
    biodegradation in polluted seawater (72%  in  three  days),  Total
    iron in this seawater sample  was  high  (5.2 uM).   In  the  less
    polluted  and less iron-rich (1.2  uM) sample, biodegradation of the
    crude oil  was considerably slower (2l%  in three days) and  the
    addition  of chelated  iron  had a stimulating  effect.   It  was also
    found that ferric octoate  in  combination  with  paraffinized  urea
    and octylphosphate  is suitable for the treatment of  floating  oil
    slicks.  The investigators have concluded that spills  of SL crude
    oil can be cleaned  up rapidly and efficiently  by stimulated
    biodegradation,  provided the  water temperatures are  favorable.
2.  PHYSICAL CHANGES OF OIL


    R-071-77
    OIL SLICK SPREADING DUE  TO  TURBULENT  DIFFUSION
    Principal  Investigator:   Miksad,  R. W.
    Performing Organization:  University of  Texas, School  of  Engineering,
                             200  W. 21st  St., Austin,  TX  78712
    Supporting Agency;        University of  Texas
    Period:                   7/75 to  6/76

    The research  is  aimed  at providing new  information on turbulent
    oil slick spreading rates via laboratory experiments.  The
    technique of  grid generated turbulence  in a horizontal plane
    is used  to model  the structure of atmospheric and  ocean  turbulence.
    The length scale, frequency,  arid  intensity of the  turbulent field
    can be varied to model different  turbulent spill situations unique
    to the Texas  Gulf Coast.

    [SSIE  No.  NTX-693]


    R-072-77
    SEA-STATE  LIMIT  FOR THE  SURVIVAL  OF OIL SLICKS
    Principal  Investigator:   Unknown
    Performing Organization:  Arthur  D. Little, Inc.,  25  Acorn Ave.,
                             Cambridge,  MA 02142
    Supporting Agency:        U.S. Department of Transportation,  Office
                             of  the  Secretary.  No. CG59134, Contract
                             CG-61,  505-A.
    Period:                   3/76 to 2/77

    The project aims  are to  investigate and discuss  the available
    literature on theoretical and experimental work  relating to wind,
    waves, currents,  and oil  slicks;  identify environmental  and oil-
    dependent  factors that affect the dispersion of  oil;  assess the
    most severe conditions under  which an oil slick  can remain  un-
    dispersed;  formulate a physical model describing the  hydrodynamics
                                 276

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    of an oil slick breaking up in the sea; and define how "sea-state"
    is to be determined in the field.
    [SSIE No.  GZO-633]

3.  CHEMICAL CHANGES OF OIL
    HYDROCARBONS IN MARINE WATERS - THE COLLOIDAL STATE
    Principal Investigator;  Shaw, D. G.
    Performing Organization:  University of Alaska, Institute of
                              Marine Sciences, Fairbanks, AK 99701
    Supporting Agency:        U.S. National Science Foundation,
                              Division of Environmental Sciences.
                              No. DES75-10753
    Period:                   5/76 to 4/77
    Funds:                    $47,100

    Procedures for measuring colloidal sized hydrocarbon particles  by
    gel permeation chromatography are being developed and used to
    assess the influence of hydrocarbon type, turbulence, and the
    natural organic constituents of seawater on colloid formation.
    This work is being done to increase our present understanding
    of the chemical behavior of hydrocarbons in seawater,

    [SSIE No. GSV-6063-1]
4.  GENERAL FATE OF OIL
    R-074-77
    OIL AND "TAR SEEPS OFF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
    Principal Investigators:  Henyey, T, L,, and T. F- Yen
    Performing Organization:  University of Southern California,
                              School of Letters Arts and Sciences,
                              3551 University Ave., Los Angeles, CA
                              90007
    Supporting Agency:        U.S, Department of Commerce, National
                              Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,
                              Sea Grant Office.  No. R/RD-2
    Period;                   7/75 to 6/76
    Funds:                    $39,285
    The following are research objectives:  use chemical parameters
    including trace elements, sulfur and nitrogen content, carbon iso-
    topic ratio, and volatile organic components to characterize oil
    and tar from natural seeps, offshore wells and beaches; investigate
    the geochemical breakdown or weathering of oil and tar from
                                 277

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natural seeps as it moves In the marine environment;  relate
characterization of oils and tars to the problems of  source and
the subsequent weathering in the marine environment;  and determine
the geologic, geophysical, and oceanographic framework of selected
oil and tar seeps in the Santa Barbara Channel  and Santa Monica
Bay.
[SSIE No. 6BP-2627]
R-075-77
REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF OIL SPILL TRAJECTORY MODELS FOR USE IN
RISK ASSESSMENT ASSOCIATED WITH PROPOSED DEEPWATER PORTS
Principal Investigators:  Pearce,  B.  R., 0,  J. Connor, K.  D.
                          Stolzenbach, E. E.  Adams, J. Pagenkopf
Performing Organization:  Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
                          School  of Science,  77 Massachusetts Ave,,
                          Cambridge,  MA 02139
Supporting Agency:         U.S.  Department of Commerce, National
                          Oceanic  and Atmospheric Administration,
                          Sea Grant Office.   No.  R/PO-3
Period:                   7/75 to  6/76
Funds:                    $60,000

The objective of the project is to evaluate  all numerical  models
that have been developed for actual application in predicting oil
spill trajectories.   The adequacy, practical  requirements  in
running the models,  suitability of each model to different water
bodies, and degree  of sophistication  involved will be assessed.
[SSIE No. 6BP-2406]

     Reports and Pub!ications

     A REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF BASIC TECHNIQUES FOR PREDICTING
     THE BEHAVIOR OF SURFACE OIL  SLICKS
     Stolzenbach, K.  D., 0.  S,  Madsen, E, E,  Adams, A. M.  Pollack,
     and C.  K.  Cooper.   1977.
     Ralph M.  Parsons Laboratory  for Water Resources and
     Hydrodynamics,  Report No.  222.  315 p.

     The purpose of  the study is  to conduct  a state-of-the-art
     review of the  basic techniques and knowledge associated
     with surface oil slick behavior.  Results of this review are
     presented  in the following manner:  representation and
     determination of wind fields; treatment of the advection of
     oil slicks that is brought about by the combined action of
     currents  and wind-waves; the  physical phenomena that trans-
     form an oil  slick  as it is being advected; and a review and
     evaluation of existing models for oil slick behavior.  A
                             278

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     comprehensive bibliography is included at the end of
     the report.

Information source:   C. Bowman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
                     Ralph M. Parsons Laboratory for Hater Resources
                     and Hydrodynamics, Bldg. 48-323, Cambridge,  MA
                     02139
                              279

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                     SECTION  III:   CURRENT CONFERENCES

  *Additional  information  not available  at time of publication.


Feb.  28-    Pittsburgh  Conference  on Analytical Chemistry and Applied
Mar.   4     Spectroscopy,  28th,  Cleveland, Ohio,  1977.

            Oil  Pollution  Related  Papers

               Paper 295
               THE HYDROCARBON CONTENT OF WATER IN SIMULATED OIL SPILLS
               Shaw, D. G., L. E.  Clement, and C. Akert

               Paper 333
               QUANTITATIVE EFFECTS OF WEATHERING ON GC  IDENTIFICATION
               OF OILS
               Flanigan, G. A.,  and A. P. Bentz

               Paper 334
               QUANTITATIVE EFFECTS OF WEATHERING  ON INFRARED SPECTRA OF
               OILS
               Gronlund, W. R.,  and C. P. Chamberlain
               Paper 335
               ON THE INDEPENDENCE OF FLUORESCENCE AND INFRARED SPECTRA
               FOR OIL  SPILL  IDENTIFICATION
               Killeen, T. J.s and Y. T. Chien

               Paper 336
               DESCRIPTIVE MEASURES OF DIFFERENCES IN CHEMICAL DATA FOR
               OIL IDENTIFICATION
               Chien, Y. T.,  and T. J. Killeen

               Paper 337
               USE OF A NITROGEN-SENSITIVE DETECTOR FOR  OIL IDENTIFICATION
               Flanigan, G. A.

               Paper 338
               CHARACTERIZATION  OF SYNTHETIC  FUELS BY LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY
               AND MATRIX  ISOLATION SPECTROSCOPY
               Wehry, E. L.,  G.  Mamantov, R.  R. Kemmerer, E. R. Hinton,
               R.  C.  Stroupe, and  G. Goldstein.

               Paper 339
               CHEMICAL COMPOUND TYPES IN PETROLEUM RESIDUES
               McKay, J. F.,  P.  J.  Amend, T.  E. Cogswell, P. M. Harnsberger,
               R.  B.  Erickson, and D. R. Latham

               Paper 340
               ANALYSIS OF PETROLEUM FROM THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
               Lynch, P. F.,  M.  Ahmadjian, F. E.  Franklin,  and C.  W.  Brown
                                    280

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               Paper 394
               PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS ON THE CONTINUOUS  FLUORESCENCE
               EMISSION IDENTIFICATION OF HPLC ELUENTS
               Saner, W. A.,  J.  R.  Jadamec,  K.  Kallet,  S.  Cravitt,  and
               D.  Baker

               Paper 395
               FLUORESCENCE AND LOW TEMPERATURE LUMINESCENCE STUDIES ON
               WEATHERED OILS
               Eastwood, D.,  M.  S.  Hendrick, and S.  H.  Fortier
               Paper 396
               IMPROVED IDENTIFICATION OF OILS BY LOW TEMPERATURE TOTAL
               LUMINESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY
               Brownrigg, 0.  T., and A.  W.  Hornig

               Paper 397
               FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS IN OIL IDENTIFICATION  BY TOTAL
               LUMINESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY
               Giering, L. P., and A. W. Hornig

               Paper 398
               IMPROVED DETECTABILITY OF OIL SPILLS  BY  USE OF CONCAVE
               HOLOGRAPHIC GRATINGS
               Todd, E. D., A. Samoun, and D.  0. Landon

               Paper 399
               FINGERPRINTING PETROLEUM OILS WITH LOW TEMPERATURE
               DERIVATIVE FLUOROMETRY
               Kolb, D. A., and K.  K. Shearin

               Paper 400
               DETERMINATION OF PETROLEUM OILS IN SEDIMENTS  BY FLUORESCENCE
               SPECTROSCOPY AND NMR
               Frank, U., and M. Gruenfeld

            A volume of collected abstracts is available to  registrants of
            the conference; however, the volume is not  considered a
            publication and abstracting of individual papers is  not
            permitted.
            FFI contact Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical  Chemistry
            and Applied Spectroscopy, Suite 215, Whitehall Center,
            Pittsburgh, PA  15227


April 13-   Annual SPE of AIME California Regional Meeting,  47th,
      15    Bakersfield, California, 1977.
            Sponsored by the Society of Petroleum Engineers  of AIME.

            The conference theme, Energy, the Great  Race,  includes
            presentations by industry and government agency  representa-
            tives  on present and future trends in environmental regulations
            that will affect California's petroleum  industry.
                                    281

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             Oil  Pollution  Related Papers

                SPE  6518
                HISTORY OF  THE  FORMATION OF AN OIL SPILL CONTINGENCY
                ORGANIZATION
                Barker, C.  D.
                The  formation of  an oil spill contingency organization
                is traced from  its inception in early  1977.  The selection
                of cleanup  equipment,  ongoing equipment testing programs,
                equipment inventory, and the state of  readiness and
                future plans of the organization are discussed.

                SPE  6335
                FATE OF OIL AND EFFECTS ON MARINE LIFE
                Lasday, A.  H.,  and E.  W. Mertens

                The  results of  an API-sponsored, six year research
                program on  the  fate and effects of spilled crude oil and
                petroleum products on  the marine environment are
                summarized.

             FFI contact Society  of Petroleum Engineers of AIME, 6200
             North Central  Expressway, Dallas, TX 75206
May 2-5      Annual  Offshore  Technology  Conference,  9th, Houston, Texas,
             1977.
             Sponspored by  American  Institute  of Mining, Metallurgical
             and Petroleum  Engineers, American Association of  Petroleum
             Geologists, American  Institute  of Chemical Engineers,
             American Society of Civil Engineers, American Society  of
             Mechanical  Engineers, Marine Technology Society,  Institute
             of Electrical  and Electronics Engineers,  Society  of
             Exploration Geophysicists,  and  Society  of Naval Architects
             and Marine Engineers.

             Oil Pollution  Related Papers

                Session: Geologic Hazards of  U.S. Outer Continental
                Slope and Shelf

                OTC  2733
                GEOLOGICAL  HAZARDS OF UPPER  CONTINENTAL SLOPE  OF GULF
                OF MEXICO
                Garrison, L.  E., T.  Tatum, Jr., J. S.  Booth,  and S. M.
                Casby

                OTC-2734
                EVALUATION  OF GEOLOGIC HAZARDS IN OCS PETROLEUM LEASE
                AREAS,SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CONTINENTAL BORDERLAND
                Field,  M. E., S. H.  Clarke,  H. G. Greene,  and H. C.
                Wagner
                                   282

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Session:  Environmental and Pollution Considerations--
Environmental Impact Studies

OTC 2752
OIL IN MARINE WATERS
Frey, M. G.

OTC 2753
MID-ATLANTIC DCS BENCHMARK STUDIES
Lynch, M. P.

OTC 2754
INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, SOUTH TEXAS OUTER
CONTINENTAL SHELF:  APPROACH, TECHNIQUES, RESULTS
Berryhill, H. L.

OTC 2756
OCS DEVELOPMENT IN THE SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL:  LACK OF
DETECTABLE IMPACT ON FISHERIES
Hester, F. J., and R. Evans

OTC 2758
A ONE-HUNDRED-TON OIL RECOVERY VESSEL FOR BANTRY BAY
Neal, R. W., R. A. Bianchi, and E. Marcus

OTC 3039
HOW THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT WILL HELP STATES DEAL WITH
ONSHORE IMPACTS OF OFFSHORE OPERATIONS
Knecht, R. W.

Session:  Remote Sensing

OTC 2763
USE OF LANDSAT DATA FOR THE DETECTION OF MARINE OIL
SLICKS
Deutsch, M., and J. E. Estes

OTC 2764
MODELLING OF OIL SPILL TRAJECTORIES USING SEQUENTIAL
SATELLITE IMAGERY
McLeod, U. R., J. H. Kennedy, and D. T. Hodder

OTC 2765
NATURAL OIL SEEP DETECTION IN MARINE ENVIRONMENTS
Eyers, J. A., J. E. Forman, and G. L. Raney

Session:  Blowout and Production Control

OTC 2766
NEW INNOVATIONS FOR FIGHTING BLOWOUTS
Lewis, J., R. Barnett, G. Mabie, and J. Harris

OTC 2768
A HIGH RELIABILITY OIL-FILLED CABLE HARNESS ASSEMBLY FOR
USE ON AN UNDERWATER BLOWOUT PREVENTER SYSTEM
Miller, W. C., JR., and W. M. Sowers
                   283

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               OTC 2769
               ELECTROMECHANICAL CABLES FOR BOP CONTROL SYSTEMS:
               PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS
               Kerr, W. L., and F.  Sawin

               OTC 2770
               REVIEW OF RELIABILITY AND PERFORMANCE OF SUBSURFACE SAFETY
               VALVES
               Purser, P. E.

               Session:  Offshore Safety

               OTC 2871
               SAFE, POLLUTION-FREE TESTING OF OFFSHORE AND ARCTIC WELLS
               Nutter, B. P., H. L. McGiTI, B. J.  Scott, and H.  D.Frye

               Session:  Arctic Environmental Conditions and Processes

               OTC 2945
               STAMUKHI ZONE PROCESSES:  IMPLICATIONS FOR DEVELOPING THE
               ARCTIC OFFSHORE AREA
               Reiranitz, E., L. J.  Toimil, and P.  W. Barnes
               OTC 2946
               ALONG-SHORE COHERENCE OF WINDS ALONG THE NORTH ALASKAN
               COAST FOR OIL SPILL  ANALYSIS
               Hufford, G. L., J. P. Welsh, and I.  M. Lissauer

               OTC 2949
               SEA ICE THICKNESS PROFILING AND UNDER-ICE OIL ENTRAPMENT
               Kovacs, A.

               Session:  Processing and Treating in Drilling and
               Production Operations
               OTC 2755
               ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF DRILLING MUDS AND CUTTINGS FROM
               OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION OPERATIONS IN OFFSHORE AND COASTAL
               WATERS
               Monaghan, P.  H., C.  D. McAuliffe, and F. T. Weiss
               OTC 3040
               FATE OF DRILL CUTTINGS:  IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT
               Zingula, R. P., and  D. W. Larson

            FFI contact Program Manager, Offshore Technology Conference,
            6200 N. Central  Expressway, Dallas, TX  75206.


*May 2-13   Mid-Term Expert Consultation of the Joint Coordinated
            Project on Pollution in the Mediterranean, Dubrovnik,
            Yugoslavia.
            Sponsored by the General Fisheries Council for the Mediterranean/
            United Nations Environment Programme.
                                     284

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             FFI contact Dr. D. Charbonnier, Department of Fisheries,
             Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN, Via delle Terme
             di Caracal la, 00100 Rome, Italy


May 8-13     Annual Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology, 77th,
             New Orleans, Louisiana, 1977.

             Oil Pollution Related Papers
                Paper Q43
                A BACTERIOLOGICAL STUDY OF FIN ROT IN MULLET ASSOCIATED
                WITH EXPOSURE TO CRUDE OIL
                Giles, R. C., and L. R. Brown.

                Fin rot infections resulted in mullet (Mugil cephalus)
                when they were experimentally exposed to 4.0-5.0 mg/1
                crude oil concentrations in estuarine ponds.  Depending
                on the crude oil used, about 96-97% of the fish developed
                the infection as compared to 6-7% in control ponds.  This
                paper reports microbiological aspects of the course of
                the infection  as documented from two months of observa-
                tion following exposure to the oil.
                Paper Q44
                THE EFFECT OF PRUDHOE CRUDE OIL ON PRIMARY PRODUCTION IN
                ARCTIC PONDS
                Vestal, J. R., T. W. Federle, G. R. Hater, and M. C. Miller

                In controlled pond experiments, soluble components of
                crude oil were found to curtail or completely inhibit
                primary production of phytoplankton within a few days.
                As the toxic components of oil were subsequently lost,
                the primary production slowly recovered, but with a
                significant shift in the species dominance from Chrypto-
                phytes to Chrysophytes.
                Paper Q45
                EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL ON BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL POPULATIONS
                IN FRESH WATER ARTIFICIAL PONDS
                Breuil, C., and D. B. Shindler
                The effects of winter under-ice crude oil spills on the
                microbial population of artificial freshwater ponds were
                monitored for over a year, and seasonal variations in
                bacterial and fungal populations are reported.

                Paper Q46
                MICROBIAL CONTRIBUTION TO WASTE OIL DECOMPOSITION IN SOIL
                IN AN ARID SITE
                McDonald, S., and J. Skujins
                Microbial aspects of the degradation of oil under arid
                conditions were monitored for 3 years and correlated with
                                    285

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biochemical changes in soil,  disappearnce of the oil, l
climate, addition of N, P, and Ca nutrients, and
response in vegetation.  Biodegradation was achieved
primarily by greatly enlarged populations of lipolytic
bacteria aided by some fungi; it occurred best under
aerobic conditions, elevated  temperatures, and availability
of water and nitrogen.  About 80% of the oil was degraded
in 3 years, leaving a humus-like organic fraction in the
soil.
Paper N63
EMULSIFICATION OF HYDROCARBONS BY BACTERIA FROM FRESHWATER
ECOSYSTEMS
Broderick, L.  S., and J. J. Cooney.

Bacteria which utilize hydrocarbons  as a sole carbon
source were studied for their ability to form stable
emulsions of kerosene and water.  All of the organisms
which grew on kerosene also emulsified kerosene.  However,
there was no correlation between the observed emulsifying
activity and the history of hydrocarbon pollution of the
ecosystems from which the organisms  were isolated.
Paper N72
EFFECT OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS ON  SALT MARSH MICROBIAL
COMMUNITIES
Ereditario, J. M., and F. K.  Pfaender

The effects of motor oil and  diesel  fuel hydrocarbons
on microbial communities were studied in simulated salt
marsh ecosystems.  Based on plate and epifluorescence
counts, total  viable organisms  initially decreased,
coincident with a relative increase  of hydrocarbon
degraders.  After 5 days and  until the end of the experi-
ment (5 weeks), the total populations gradually increased,
coinciding with a stabilizing of the number of oil degraders,
Final species diversity index averages were about the same
as the control in the ecosystems receiving low hydrocarbon
concentrations and slightly lower in those receiving high
concentrations.
Paper Q82
INTERACTIONS OF MICROORGANISMS AND HYDROCARBONS FOLLOWING
AN ACCIDENTAL LEAKAGE OF GASOLINE INTO A FRESHWATER LAKE
AT BARROW, ALASKA
Horowitz, A., and R. M. Atlas.

After a 190,000 1 (50,000 gal) leakage of gasoline into
an arctic lake, changes in microbial communities in
surface waters and sediments  were monitored,and their
ability to degrade hydrocarbons was determined  in situ.
Initially, the heterotrophic bacteria decreased  in number,
                     286

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then increased to 10 times their original number.  Their
physical distribution paralleled the spread of gasoline
contamination in the lake and sediments.  About 99% of
the hydrocarbons in the sediments were lost by natural
weathering and biodegradation within 5 weeks.
Paper Q83
USE OF 14c RADIOLABELLED HYDROCARBON SPIKED CRUDE OIL TO
ASSESS OIL BIODEGRADATION POTENTIAL IN THE BEAUFORT SEA
Roubal, 6., and R. M. Atlas

Ice, water, and sediment samples from the Beaufort Sea
were collected in winter and in summer and incubated
with Prudhoe crude oil spiked with T4c radiolabelled
hydrocarbons.  Hydrocarbon biodegradation potentials
in summer were found to be an unexpected 80% lower than
biodegradation rates from comparable sediment and water
samples taken in winter.  Surface ice samples had biode-
gradation potentials that averaged 75% less than water
and sediment samples.
Paper Q84
OPTIMIZATION STUDIES ON OIL SLUDGE DISPOSAL IN SOIL
Dibble, J. T., and R. Bartha

Parameters which affect the biodegradation of oil sludge
in soil were studied in order to optimize this method
for disposing of oil storage and refinery wastes.  The
greatest positive effect on the rate and extent of oil
sludge degradation resulted from a combination of a
slightly alkaline soil pH, a moderate loading rate of
10%, and a mesophilic temperature of 28°C.  Using this
combination, up to 35% of ether extractable hydrocarbons
were biodegraded in 100 days.
Paper Q85
UTILIZATION OF AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS BY STRAINS OF
ACINETOBACTER
Kunz, D. A., and P. J. Chapman
Aromatic hydrocarbon degradation by microorganisms can
be attributed in part to their ability to elaborate
enzymes of the catechol orthp and meta-fission pathways.
Two distinct modes of substrate degradation which can be
correlated with the enzymology of catabolic pathways
used by Acinetobacter are detailed, based on patterns of
hydrocarbon utilization, rates of oxidation by intact
cells,and enzyme assays.  Results show that members of
the genus Acinetobacter exhibit varying abilities to
elaborate enzymes of the catechol meta-fission route as
is the case in genus Pseudomonas.
                   287

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            A volume  of collected  abstracts  is available as ASM Bacterio-
            logical Proceedings, 1977.  Abstracts of the 77th Annual
            Meeting of the  American Society  for Microbiology.

            FFI  contact R.  W.  Sarber, American Society  for Microbiology,
            1913 I St., N.E.,  Washington,  D.C.  20036.


May 9-12    API  Refining Department, 42nd  Midyear Meeting, Chicago,
            Illinois, 1977.

            Oil  Pollution Related  Papers

               Session on Water  Conservation
               TRACE  CONTAMINANTS  IN REFINING EFFLUENTS - AN OVERVIEW
               OF THE SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS  PROBLEM AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
               Hallett, J.  D.

               Summary not  available.
               API BIOENHANCEMENT  STUDY
               Crame, L.  W.
               Several  activated sludge treatment systems for refinery
               wastewater treatment were evaluated to find cost-effective
               methods that will meet the  proposed 1983 EPA refinery
               effluent limitations.  It was concluded  that extensive
               pretreatment, followed by a high sludge  age activated
               sludge-powdered carbon system, more cost-effectively
               produces an  effluent comparable to that  resulting  from
               tertiary granular carbon adsorption.
               EFFLUENT QUALITY  IMPROVEMENT  BY POWDERED ACTIVATED CARBON
               IN REFINERY  ACTIVATED SLUDGE  PROCESSES
               Grieves, C.  G., M.  K. Stenstrom, J. F. Grutsch, and
               J. D.  Walk

               Addition of  powdered activated carbon to activated sludge
               processes in refinery effluent treatment can significantly
               increase the effluent quality by reducing soluble  organic
               carbon content  by as much as  50% as well as reducing
               other  pollutant concentrations.  The benefits of activated
               carbon addition were demonstrated  in a 9-month pilot  study
               at an  Amoco  refinery, and the results of the study are
               presented.

               ARCO-EPA LABORATORY EVALUATION OF  ACTIVATED CARBON TREAT-
               MENT OF REFINERY  WASTEWATERS
               Knecht, A. T.,  Jr.

               An ongoing investigation of the efficacy of activated
               carbon treatment  of refinery  process wastewaters  is
                                   288

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               described.   The purpose of this research is to determine
               if modifications in operating conditions of activated
               sludge treatment systems, alone or with added carbon
               treatment methods, can approach or meet the proposed
               1983 EPA refinery effluent quality standards.

               Session on Toxicity and Worker Health

               A REVIEW OF THE TOXICOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE USES
               OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, BASED ON API SPONSORED RESEARCH
               IN PRODUCT SAFETY
               Scala, R. A.

               Since 1968, API has sponsored experimental studies on the
               toxicology of crude oil, oil shale, and petroleum products*
               including gasoline, solvents, and benzene, in order to
               characterize the potential health hazards of these
               materials and to determine safe exposure levels.   The
               results and implications of these studies are discussed.
               UPDATE OF PETROLEUM REFINERY MORTALITY STUDY
               Tabershaw, I. R.
               An excess mortality from lymphoma was found in a  1974
               epidemiologic study of petroleum refinery workers.  This
               study formed the basis of follow-up studies of the same
               group of workers.  The applicability, adequacy, conclusions,
               and implications of these studies in determining  the  health
               of a population are discussed.

            FFI contact American Petroleum Institute, Publications and
            Distribution Section, 2101 L Street, N. W., Washington,  D.C.
            20037.
May 23-27   International Coral Reef Symposium, 3rd, Miami,  Florida,  1977.

            Oil Pollution Related Papers
               HARMFUL EFFECTS OF CHRONIC OIL POLLUTION ON A RED SEA
               SCLERACTINIAN CORAL POPULATION
               Rinkevich, P., and Y. Loya
               "Field observations and histological  studies  of two
               populations of Stylophora pistillata in chronically oil-
               polluted reefs vs. clean reefs revealed the following
               detrimental effects on the polluted coral population:
               Decreased viability of colonies, direct damage to gonads,
               decreased production and viability of planulae and preven-
               tion of successful planulae settlement."

            FFI contact Reef Symposium, University of Miami, Fisher
            Island, Miami, FL  33139.
                                    289

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May 29-      Annual  Conference  on Mass  Spectrometry and  Allied Topics,
June 3       25th, Washington,  D.C.,  1977.
             Sponsored by  the American  Society for Mass Spectrometry.

             Oil  Pollution Related  Papers
                Session F:  Environmental Applications

                Paper F8
                ANALYSIS OF POLYCYCLIC  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS BY PULSED
                POSITIVE NEGATIVE ION CIMS WITH OXYGEN AS THE  REAGENT
                GAS
                Hunt, D. F., W.  C.  Brumley,  G. C. Stafford, and F. M. Botz

                Paper F10
                A SORBENT  EXTRACTION  APPROACH FOR DESORBING ORGANIC
                POLLUTANTS COLLECTED  ON POROUS POLYMERS
                Sherman, P.  K.,  and G.  W. Puttier

                Poster Session  - Tuesday: Group II.   Environmental

                Paper Tu9
                GC/HIGH RESOLUTION  MS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
                Shrader, S.  R.,  and J.  A. Defever

                Paper Tul2
                HYDROCARBONS IN  THE ENVIRONMENT SURROUNDING AN ACTIVE
                OILFIELD IN THE  NORTHWESTERN GULF OF  MEXICO
                Middleditch, B.  S., B.  Basile, and E. S. Chang

                Poster Session  - Wednesday:  Group I.  Negative Ions
                Computer Applications

                Paper We22
                ANALYSIS OF POLYAROMATIC HYDROCARBONS USING NEGATIVE  ION
                CHEMICAL IONIZATION
                Prater, T. J.,  and  T. M. Harvey

             Proceedings of the conference will  be published  in  late  1977
             as a book of  long  abstracts available only to members of ASMS.

             FFI  contact Dr. K.  E.  McCulloh, A-145 Chemistry Bid., National
             Bureau  of Standards, Washington, D. C.   20234.


 June 1-3    International Symposium  on Environmental Pollutants, Univer-
             sity of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 1977.
             Sponsored by  the Northeastern  Research Center for Wildlife
             Diseases, University of  Connecticut; The Registry of Compara-
             tive Pathology, Armed  Forces  Institute of Pathology; and  the
             Institute of  Laboratory  Animal  Resources,  National  Research
             Council.

             The  conference subtitle  is: An International  Symposium on
             the  Pathobiology on Environmental  Pollutants—Animal  Models
             and  Wildlife  as Monitors

                                   290

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Oil Pollution Related Papers

   Paper 5
   EFFECTS OF CRUDE OIL INGESTION ON HERRING GULLS AND WHITE
   PEKING DUCKS
   Miller, D. S., D. B. Peakall, and W. N. Kinter
   Paper 6
   CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES IN THE KILLIFISH, FUNDULUS
   HETEROCLITUS. EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED BY ENVIRONMENTAL
   CONTAMINANTS'
   Weis, P., and J. S. Weis

   Paper 7
   HYDROCARBON POLLUTION AND THE PREVALENCE OF NEOPLASIA IN
   FERAL NEW ENGLAND SOFT-SHELL CLAMS, MYA ARENARIA
   Brown, R. S., R. E. Wolke, C. W. Brown, and S. B.  Saila

   Paper 8
   BENZO(a)PYRENE LEVELS AND NEOPLASTIC DISEASES IN BIVALVE
   MOLLUSKS FROM OREGON ESTUARIES
   Mix, M. C., et al.
   Paper 9
   THE AMERICAN OYSTER CRASSOSTREA VIRGINICA AS AN INDICATOR
   OF CARCINOGENS IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
   Couch, J. A., L. Courtney, and J. Winstead

   Paper 10
   EVALUATION OF INORGANIC AND ORGANIC AQUATIC POLLUTANTS
   USING FISH AND AMPHIBIAN EGGS AS BIOASSAY AND BIOINDICATOR
   ORGANISMS
   Birge, W. J.

   Paper 11
   PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT OF THE FLATFISH AS A WILDLIFE MONITOR
   OF POLLUTION
   Landolt, M., W.  Iwaoka, K. Pierson, and S. P. Felton

   Paper 19
   ALTERED IMMUNE RESPONSE BY ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS
   Keller, L. D.

   Paper 20
   THE MOLLUSCAN KIDNEY AS A POLLUTION INDICATOR, HISTOPATHO-
   LOGIC STUDIES AND CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
   Rheinberger, R.  V., G. L. Hoffman, and P. P.  Yevich

   Paper 35
   AN OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL
   POLLUTANTS ON ANIMALS
   Pilchard, E. I.
                       291

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             Proceedings  of the  conference  will   be  published  by  the
             National  Research Council,  2101  Constitution Ave.,
             Washington,  D.C.  20418
             FFI  contact  G.  Migaki,  D. V. M., Registry  of Comparative
             Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington,
             D.C.   20306.
 June 6-9    Annual  Conference  on  Trace  Substances  in  Environmental
             Health, llth,  University  of Missouri,  Columbia,  Missouri,  1977.
             Sponsored by University of  Missouri  Environmental  Trace
             Substances Center, University of Missouri   Extension  Division;
             and RANN Program,  National  Science  Foundation.

             Oil Pollution  Related Papers
                Session on  Environmental  Pollution  :
                TOXIC TRACE ELEMENTS AND OIL  SHALE  PRODUCTION
                Chappell, W.  R., and D.  D.  Runnells

             Conference proceedings are available  in a  ten-volume set  which
             may be  ordered individually.   Reprints of individual  papers
             are not available.

             FFI contact Extension Publications,  211 Whitten  Hall, Univer-
             sity of Missouri,  Columbia,  MO  65201.
*Aug. 21-    Annual  AIBS Meeting,  28th,  Michigan State University, East
      26     Lansing,  Michigan,  1977.

             FFI contact American  Institute of Biological  Sciences, 1401
             Wilson  Blvd., Arlington,  VA  22209.


*Aug. 28-    Interamerican Congress of Chemical  Engineering, 7th, Denver,
      31     Colorado, 1977.
             Sponsored by the American Institute of Chemical Engineers,
             and Interamerican Congress  of Chemical  Engineering.

             The conference includes a session on environmental  pollution
             and environmental aspects of tar sand processing.
                                    292

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              FFI  contact Dr.  J.  N.  Vera,  Department  of Chemical  Engineering,
              McGill  University,  P.O.  Box  6070,  Station A,  Montreal, Quebec
              H3C  SGI,  Canada,


 *Aug.28-      American  Chemical  Society National  Meeting,  174th,  Chicago,
  Sept.  2      Illinois, 1977.

              FFI  contact A.  T.  Winstead,  American Chemical  Society,
              1155 16th St.,  N.  W.,  Washington,  D. C.   20036.


  Sept.  14-   The  Oil Industry and Microbial  Ecosystems,  University of
        16    Warwick,  Coventry,  England,  1977.
              Sponsored by the Institute of Petroleum,  London.

              Oil  Pollution Related Papers

                 Session 1545:   Interaction of Oil and  Petrochemicals with
                 Microorganisms
                 SOIL
                 Blakeborough, N.

                 FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
                 Author to be announced.

                 MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
                 Stanley, S.  0.

                 Session 0915:  Biodegradation

                 BIODEGRADATION  OF HYDROCARBONS
                 Westwood, A., and I.  J. Higgins
                 THE ROLE OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN THE  NATURAL ENVIRON-
                 MENT
                 Slater, H.

                 MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF BIODEGRADATION
                 deKreuk, J.  F.

              FFI  contact Ms.  L.  Boothby,  Conference  Officer,  Institute of
              Petroleum, 61 New Cavendish  St., London W1M 8AR,  England


*Sept.  26-    International Symposium  on Aquatic  Pollutants,2nd,
       28      Noordwijkerhout, The Netherlands,  1977.

              The  conference  will include  about  20 papers  on transport,
              transformation,  identification, and biological effects of
              aquatic pollutants.

              FFI  contact G.  L.  Baughman.   Environmental  Research Laboratory,
              EPA, College Station Rd., Athens,  GA 30601
                                     293

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Oct 2-7     Water Pollution Control  Federation Annual  Conference and
            Exhibition, 50th,  Philadelphia,  Pennsylvania, 1977.

            The conference will  include sessions on prevention  and
            control of oil and hazardous material  spills  and other
            forms of marine pollution.
            Oil Pollution Related Papers
               Session 2:  Industrial  Case Histories
               KANSAS CITY REFINERY'S  WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
               USING ROTATING  DISC TECHNOLOGY
               Godlove, J. W., W. C. McCarthy, H.  H. Comstock,  and R.  0.
               Dunn

               Session 8:  Industrial  Wastes
               RESPONSE TO SPILLS IN ONTARIO
               Belling, P. G.
               MARINE SPILL ASSESSMENT, PREVENTION AND CONTROL  PROGRAM -
               FOR THE DOW CHEMICAL COMPANY'S  PROPOSED PETROCHEMICAL
               FACILITY
               Bauer, D. L., and K.  S.  Dunbar

               Session 16:  International  Session
               RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN  OIL SPILL DISPERSANTS AND THEIR
               USAGE
               Marum, J. P.
               ARCTIC WATERS AND THEIR PROTECTION
               Clare, H. H.

            FFI contact Robert Dark, Conference Manager,  Water  Pollution
            Control Federation, 2626 Pennsylvania Ave., Washington, D.C.
            20037.
Oct. 3-5    Oil  Spill  Prevention, Control  and Cleanup, 2nd Offering,
            East Brunswick, New Jersey, 1977.

            This is a  three-day intensive  course for scientists,engineers,
            first-line supervisors, industrial  managers and governmental
            personnel.

            Course Outline

               First Day

               SOURCES, CAUSES AND MAGNITUDE OF SPILLS
               FEDERAL LEGISLATION
               BIOLOGICAL FATE AND EFFECTS OF OIL
               EPA SPILL PREVENTION PLAN
               CLEANUP OF OIL POLLUTED SHORELINES
               ROLE OF ON SCENE COORDINATOR (DCS)


                                    294

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               Second Day

               STREAM AND RIVER CLEANUP
               RECOVERY OF OIL
               FIELD DEMONSTRATION
               Third Day

               USE OF DISPERSANTS
               USE OF SORBENTS
               USE OF BURNING AGENTS & SURFACE COLLECTING AGENTS
               DISPOSAL OF RECOVERED OILY MATERIAL
               PRACTICAL TRAINING PROBLEMS

            FFI contact The Center For Professional  Advancement, P.O.
            Box H, East Brunswick, NJ 08816.


Oct. 4-5    ASTM Symposium on Chemical Dispersants for the Control  of
            Oil Spills, Williamsburg, Virginia, 1977.
            Sponsored by the American Society for Testing and Materials,
            Committee F-20 on Spill Control Systems.

            The conference will contain technical and scientific presen-
            tations including detailed descriptions  of the performance  and
            biological effects of proprietary products.   Papers  will be
            presented on 1) methods of application of chemical dispersants,
            2) new developments in the areas  of chemicals and the testing
            of dispersants, 3) experiences in the use of dispersants,
            4) biological effects of dispersants, 5)  testing of  dispersants,
            and 6) criteria and guidelines for use of dispersants.

            FFI contact the American Society for Testing and Materials,
            1916 Race St., Philadelphia, PA  19103.


Oct. 4-8    OCEANEXPO 77, 3rd International Exhibition on the Exploitation
            of the Ocean, Bordeaux, France, 1977.
            The Exhibition will include displays of equipment for pollution
            control and combat including mobile dams, booms, and  related
            equipment; pollution monitoring,  measuring and surveillance
            devices; and specialized vessels.

            FFI contact TECHNOEXPO, 8 Rue de la Michodiere, 75002 Paris,
            France


Oct. 11-14  Oil/Environment 1977:  Long Term Recovery Potential  of Cold
            Water Marine Environments after Oil Spills, Dartmouth, Nova
            Scotia, 1977.
            Sponsored by Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth,
            Nova Scotia.
                                     295

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Focus of the Symposium will  be on invited papers concerning
the 1969 West Falmouth spill  and the 1970 Chedabucto Bay
spill, with additional papers drawn from other similar
studies.  Topics to be considered include the following:

1.  chemical alteration of stranded or sediment-bound oil;
2   degradation of stranded and sediment-bound oil  by micro-
    bial and other means;
3.  long-term fate of petroleum hydrocarbons in the marine
    system;
4.  alteration of population  and community structure after
    oiling;
5.  physiological studies  of  chronically oiled marine
    organisms.

FFI contact Dr. John H.  Vandermeulen, Oil/Environment 1977
programme coordinator, Marine Ecology Laboratory,  Bedford
Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia,  Canada.
                        296

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                     Master List of Keywords
S:
SA:
See
 See also
Absorption
Activated sludge
Acute effects
Adriatic Sea
Adsorption
Aegean Sea
Africa
Alabama
Alaska
Alaska coast
Alaska, Gulf of
Algae ... SA: Phytoplankton
Analytical techniques  ...
  SA: Chemical analysis; Source
  identification
Animals
Annelids ... SA: Polychaetes
Antarctica
API
Arabian Sea
Arcti c
Arctic Ocean
Argentina
Argo Merchant Spill
Aromatic hydrocarbons  ...
  SA: Hydrocarbons; PAH
Asia
Atlantic coast
Atlantic Ocean
Australia
Bacteria
Bahamas
Ballast
Baltic Sea
Bantry Bay
Barent Sea
Baseline studies
Beaches
Beaufort Sea
Behavior
Belgium
Bengal, Bay of
Benthos
Bering Sea
Bermuda coast
Bibliographies
Bilges
                               Biodegradation
                               Biological effects ... SA:
                                 Toxicity; Acute effects;
                                 Chronic effects
                               Biomass
                               Birds
                               Biscay, Bay of
                               Black Sea
                               BLH
                               Blowout prevention
                               Booms
                               Brazil
                               California
                               California coast
                               California, Southern
                               Canada
                               Carcinogens ... SA: Health hazards; PAH
                               Caribbean Sea
                               Caspian Sea
                               Chedabucto Bay
                               Chemical analysis ... SA: Analytical
                                 techniques; Source identification
                               Chemical effects
                               Chesapeake Bay
                               Chile
                               China
                               Chromatography
                               Chronic effects
                               Coagulation
                               Coalescence
                               Coasts
                               Colorado
                               Compensation
                               Connecticut
                               Conservation
                               Containment
                               Contaminants
                               Contamination
                               Contingency planning
                               Coral reefs
                               Cost analysis
                               Crankcase oil
                               Crude oil
                               Crustaceans
                               Decomposition
                               Delaware
                               Delaware Bay

                               297

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Denmark
Design and engineering
Detection ... SA: Monitoring;
   Chemical analysis
Development  ... SA: Offshore
   development
Dispersants
Dispersions
Disposal  ... SA: Waste oil
   disposal; Wastewater
   disposal
Distillation
Distribution
Drift  ... SA: Movement;
   Spreading
Drilling  ... SA: Offshore
   drilling; Oil wells
East China Sea
Echinoderms
Economic effects
Economics
Ecosys terns
Ecuador
Effluent treatment ... S:
   Wastewater treatment
EIS
Emulsification
Emulsifiers
Emulsions
Engineering  ... S: Design and
   engineering
England
English Channel
Environmental deterioration
Environmental effects
Environmental Impact Statement ...
   S: EIS
Environmental management
Environmental protection
EPA
ERDA
Europe
Evaporation
Exploration ... SA: Offshore
  exploration; Production
Extraction
Fate
FEA
Filtration ... SA: Flocculation
Finland
Fish
Fisheries
Flocculation ... SA: Filtration
Florida
Florida coast
Flotation
Food web
Foreign governments
Fossil fuels
France
Freshwater
Fuel oil
Fuels
Fungi
Gas, liquid chromatography ...
  S: Chromatography
Gasoline
Georgia
Germany, East
Germany, West
Gibraltar, Strait of
Government agencies ... SA: U.S.
  Government, State governments
Great Lakes
Groundwater
Guidelines ... SA: Manuals
Habitat
Harbors
Health hazards ... SA: Carcinogens
Hydrocarbons ... SA: Aromatic
  hydrocarbons; Crude oil, PAH
Ice
IMCO
Incineration
India
Indian Ocean
Indonesia
Industries ... SA: Oil industry
Information systems
Infrared spectroscopy  ...
  S: Spectroscopy
Inland
Insurance
International agreements
International conventions  ...
  SA: Regulations; Legislation
Intertidal zone
Invertebrates
Iran
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
                                  298

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Italy
Japan
Japan, Sea of
Kentucky
Korea
Kuwait
Labrador Sea
Lakes ... SA: Great Lakes
Latin America
Law enforcement
Leakage
Legislation  ... SA: Regulations;
  International conventions
Liability
Louisiana
Lubricating oil
Magellan, Strait of
Mai ne
Malaysia
Manuals  ... SA: Guidelines
Marine mammals
Marine organisms
Marshes
Maryland
Massachusetts
Mass spectroscopy  ...
  S: Spectroscopy
Mediterranean Sea
Metabolism
Metula spill
Mexico
Mexico, Gulf of
Michigan
Microorganisms ... SA: Algae;
  Bacteria; Fungi; Yeasts
Middle East
Mississippi
Mississippi River
Models
Mollusks
Monitoring ... SA: Detection;
  Remote sensing; Sampling
Movement ... SA: Spreading;
  Drift
Narraganset Bay
Natural seepage
Netherlands
Neuston
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
Niche
North Carolina
North Sea
North Vietnam
Norway
Norwegian Sea
Oceans
OCS
Offshore development
Offshore drilling
Offshore exploration
Offshore pipelines
Offshore production
Ohio
Oil ... S: Crude oil; Fuel oil;
  Lubricating oil; Crankcase oil;
  Waste oil
Oil discharges
Oil fields ... SA: Production
Oil-gas leasing
Oil industry
Oil shale
Oil slicks
Oil spills
Oil tanks
Oil transfer
Oil transport
Oil-water separation ... SA: Wastewater
  treatment
Oil wells ... SA: Drilling; Production;
  Offshore drilling; Offshore production
Okhotsk, Sea of
Onshore impacts
Oregon
Oxidation ... SA: Biodegradation;
  Weathering
Pacific Ocean
PAH
Patent
Pennsylvania
Personnel training
Petroleum ... S: Crude oil
Petroleum products
Petrochemicals
Petroleum industry ... S: Oil industry
pH control
Philippines
Physical effects
Phytoplankton
Pipelines ... SA: Offshore pipelines
                                     299

-------
 Plankton ...  SA:  Phytoplankton;
   Zooplankton
 Plants
 PI atforms
 Poland
 Pollution  control
 Pollution  prevention  ...  SA:
   Environmental  protection;
   Contingency planning
 Polychaetes
 Ports
 Portugal
 Precipitation
 Production ...  SA:  Offshore
   production; Drilling;
   Offshore drilling
 Prudhoe Bay
 Puerto Rico
 Puget Sound
 Reclamation  ...  SA: Recycling;
   Reuse
 Recycling  ...  SA: Reclamation;
   Reuse
 Red  Sea
 Refineries
 Refining
 Regulations  ...  SA: Legislation;
   International  conventions
 Release
 Remote Sensing  ...  SA: Monitoring;
   Detection
 Resource management
 Restoration
 Reuse ...  SA:  Reclamation;
   Recycling
 Rhine River
 Rhode Island
 Rivers
 Ross  Sea
 Safety
 Sampling ...  SA: Monitoring;
  Detection
 San  Francisco Bay
 Santa  Barbara Channel
 Sargasso Sea
 Saudi Arabia
 Scotland
 Seawater
 Sedimentation
 Sediments
Segregated ballast
Ships  ... SA: Tankers
Shorelines
Sinking agents
Skimmers
Sludge
Social effects
Socio-economic effects
Soil
Solid wastes
Solubility
Solution
Solvents
Source identification
Sources
South Africa
South Carolina
South China Sea
Spain
Spectrometry
Spectrescopy
Spill cleanup
Spill disposal
Spill recovery
Spreading ... SA: Movement; Drift
St. Lawrence River
Standing Crop
State Governments ... SA: U.S.
  Government; Government agencies
Statistical analysis
Statistics
Storage
Streams
Subarctic regions
Superports ... S: Ports
Supertankers ... S: Tankers
Surfactants
Surveillance
Sweden
Sy ri a
Tankers ... SA: Ships
Tar
Tar sands
Texas
Torrey Canyon
Toxicity ... SA: Biological effects
Tropical regions
Turkey
UK
Uptake
U.S.
USCG
U.S. Government  ... SA: State governments;
  Government agencies
                                     300

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USGS
USSR
Vegetation
Venezuela
Vietnam
Virginia
Virgin Islands
Wales
Washington
Waste oil
Waste oil disposal  ... SA: Disposal
Waste oil treatment
Wastewaters
Wastewater disposal ... SA: Disposal
Wastewater treatment
Water quality
Weathering
Weddell Sea
West Indies
Wildlife
Yeasts
Yugoslavia
Zooplankton
                                     301

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                                        SUBJECT INDEX



THE SUBJECT INDEX IS A PERMUTED INDEX THAT LISTS ALPHABETICALLY THE KEYWORDS AND
CORRESPONDING CITATION INDEX NUMBER ASSIGNED TO EACH ABSTRACT IN SECTION I (EACH INDEX NUMBER
APPEARS IN THE FORM C-	-77).  THESE KEYWORDS ARE SELECTED FROM THE MASTER LIST,  P. 256.
FREE LANGUAGE TERMS WHICH ARE INCLUDED TO GIVE MORE SPECIFIC INFORMATION ABOUT AN ENTRY ARE
PRECEDED BY A * SIGN IN' THE SUBJECT INDEX.
 11*7  ABSORPTION  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL RECOVERY,  "SORBENT PADS,
 11^5  ABSORPTION  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  BOOMS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  HYDROCARBONS,  PATENT,
 111(1  ABSORPTION  SPILL RECOVERY,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  "FERROMAGNETIC FOAM,
 1151  ABSORPTION  SKIMMERS,  SPILL  RECOVERY,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1165  ABSORPTION  SPILL RECOVERY,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  PATENT, *SOREENT BROADCASTER,
 1168  ABSORPTION  SPILL CLEANUP,  DISPOSAL ,  *COTTON SORBENT,
 1171  ABSORPTION  SPILL RECOVERY,  PATENT, *GLASS FIBER BLANKETS,
 1176  ABSORPTION  SPILL RECOVERY,  PATENT, "ABSORBENT POLYMERS,
 1177  ABSORPTION  SPILL RECOVERY,  SKIMMERS,  PATENT, "ABSORBENT  POWDER,
 1162  ABSORPTION  SPILL CLEANUP,  WASTE OIL,  RIVERS, SEAWATER, PATENT,
 1165  ABSORPTION  CRUDE OIL, SPILL RECOVERY,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  "SORBENTS,
 1191  ABSORPTION  EMULSIONS, PATENT,  "POLYURETHANE FOAM CHIPS,
 12Ug  ABSORPTION  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  INDUSTRIES, CONTAMINANTS,  "PEAT MOSS,
 1232  ABSORPTION  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  PETROCHEMICALS,
 1283  ABSORPTION  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  OIL  SLICKS, SPILL RECOVERY,  PATENT,  "POLYURETHANE,
 12Q6  ABSORPTION  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  "COAL ASH,
 1'07  ABSORPTION  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  FILTRATION, "POWDERED STEEL-MELTING  SLAG,
 157'  ABSORPTION  OIL SPILLS, SPREADING, ICE, SOLUBILITY, BEHAVIOR,  CLEANUP, ARCTIC,
 11C6  ACTIVATED SLUDGE, HYDROCARBONS,  DECOMPOSITION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,
 1262  ACTIVATED SLUDGE, 'WASTE OIL  TREATMENT,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
 1272  ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, OXIDATION, PATENT,
 1239  ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES, SOURCES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "OXIDATION
         LAGOONS,  "ACTIVATED CARBON,
 1363  ACUTE EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, CRUSTACEANS, CHRONIC  EFFECTS, ALASKA, "CANCER
         MAGISTER  DANA, "WATER SOLUBLE FRACTION,
 1369  ACUTE EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, CORALS,  RED SEA, "HETEROXENIA FUSCESCENS,
 1370  ACUTE EFFECTS,  HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY,  FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, ALASKA,
 1373  ACUTE EFFECTS,  MARINE MAMMALS,  TOXICITY, HYDROCARBONS,  "SEALS, "PHOCA  VITULINA,
 1364  ACUTE EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION, BIRDS,  WILDLIFE,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,
 1390  ACUTE EFFECTS,  TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, BEHA-VIOR, ZOOPLANKTOH,  "WATER SOLUBLE FRACTIONS,
 1395  ACUTE EFFECTS,  TOXICITY, WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES, FRESHWATER,  FISH, "REDEAR SUNFISH,
 1399  ACUTE EFFECTS,  HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY,  FISH, "FATHEAD MINNOWS,
 1U11  ACUTE EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC  EFFECTS, METABOLISM,
         ALASKA,
 1119  ACUTE EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, FISH,  FISHERIES, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, ALASKA/GULF
         OF,  "PACIFIC HERRING,
 1H20  ACUTE EFFECTS,  TOXICITY, CRUDE OIL, MARINE MAMMALS, "PINGED SEALS,
 112U  ACUTE EFFECTS,  FUEL OIL, OIL SPILLS, TOXICITY,  MOLLUSKS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, INTERTIDAL
         ZONE,  "HONG  KONG,
 1133  ACUTE EFFECTS,  DISPERSAHTS,  TOXICITY,  FISH,  SOLVENTS, "FISH LARVAE,
 150t  ACUTE EFFECTS,  DRILLING, OIL WELLS, TOXICITY, FISH, ARCTIC,  "TROUT, "DRILLING MUDS,
 1505  ACUTE EFFECTS,  MONITORING,  MARINE ORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, COASTS,
         CHRONIC EFFECTS, BERING  SEA,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  BASELINE  STUDIES,
 1561  ACUTE EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATICM,  CRUDE OIL,  BACTERIA, UPTAKE,  METABOLISM,  BEAUFORT SEA,
         ALASKA/GULF  OF,  BASELINE  STUDIES,
 1595  ACUTE EFFECTS,  OIL DISCHARGES,  FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, MARINE
         ORGANISMS,'NORTH SEA,
 1139  ADSORPTION,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  BOOMS,  HYDROCARBONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  PATENT,
 1163  ADSORPTION,  SPILL RECOVERY,  PATENT,
 1192  ADSORPTION,  PATENT, "POLYURETHAHE FOAM,
 1281  ADSORPTION,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  PETROCHEMICALS, FILTRATION,
 1065  ALABAMA,  SAMPLING,  HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTS,  OCS, ESTUARIES, OIL SPILLS,  TOXICITY,
         MISSISSIPPI,
 1036  ALASKA,  MONITORING, "STREAMFLOW, ESTUARIES,  COASTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL  SPILLS,
         ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
 1059  ALASK; ,  MONITORING, »WIND CONDITIONS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  FATE, CONTAMINANTS,
         COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES,
 1062  ALASKA,  MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS,  DISTRIBUTION,  FATE, OCS, BASELINE STUDIES,
 1063  ALASKA,  MONITORING, CRUDE OIL,  SEDIMENTS,  UPTAKE, RELEASE, INTEPTIDAL ZONE,  "PORT
         V4LDEZ,
 1072  ALASKA,  REMOTE  SENSING, OCS, OFFSHORE* DEVELOPMENT, FATE,  OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
1218  ALASKA,  OIL  TRANSPORT, OIL  SPILLS, TANKERS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, "VALDEZ NARROWS,
1224  ALASFH,  OIL  TRANSPORT, TANKERS,  PORTS,  OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  "VALDEZ
         NARROWS.
                                            3.02

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         ZONE,  COASTS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
1546  ALASKA/GULF OF,  BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS, MICROORGANISMS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         OCS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
1561  ALASKA/GULF OF,  ACUTE EFFECTS, EIODEGRADATION,  CRUDE OIL, BACTERIA, UPTAKE,
         METABOLISM,  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
1566  ALASKA/GULF OF,  BIODEGRADATION, OIL SLICKS, BACTERIA, NEUSTON, BLACK SEA, CASPIAN SEA,
          A £j W V  OCi n •
1588  ALASKA/GULF OF,  OIL SPILLS,  MOVEMENT, OFFSHORE  DRILLING, BASELINE STUDIES, *CCEAN
         CIRCULATION,
1591  ALASKA/GULF OF,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS, FATE, OCS. BASELINE STUDIES,  "OCEAN
         CIRCULATION,  *FLOW TRAJECTORIES,
1632  ALASKA/GULF OF,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, FISH, *NON-SALMONID PELA'GIC FISHES, BERING SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES,
1318  ALGAE, ICE, PHYTOPLANKTON, BEAUFORT SEA, "PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, »OIL-UHDER-ICE,
1356  ALGAE, ALASKA,  PLANTS, 'LICHENS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC,
1360  ALGAE, METULA SPILL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIRDS, MOLLUSKS, FISHERIES, MAGELLAN/STRAIT
         OF,
1404  ALGAE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, METABOLISM, UPTAKE,  "PHOTOSYNTHESIS, "RESPIRATION,
1429  ALGAE, HYDROCARBONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, METABOLISM, "NAPHTHALENE, '
1434  ALGAE, TOXICITY,  FUEL OIL, "GROWTH RATES, "PHENALEN-1-ONE,
1627  ALGAE, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BIODEGRADATION, OIL SPILLS, HYDROCARBONS, BACTERIA, SPILL
         CLEANUP,
1049  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING, SPECTROMETRY,  DETECTION, BILGES, BALLAST,  WASTE
         OIL,  "SUMMING LUMINESCENCE SPECTROMETRY,
1054  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, UPTAKE, METABOLISM,
1090  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, MONITORING, TOXICITY,
1094  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS, MARINE ORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,
         SPECTROSCOPY,  PUGET SOUND, WASHINGTON,
1096  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WATER QUALITY, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL INDUSTRY, WASTEWATERS,
         SAMPLING, "ON-LINE INSTRUMENTATION,
1101  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, CONTAMINANTS, HYDROCARBONS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, "WATER
         POLLUTANTS,
1105  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION, SOLVENTS,
         EXTRACTION,
1111  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, CONTAMINANTS, SPECTROMETRY, "POLLUTANT CLASSIFICATION,
         "COMPUTER-SPECTROMETER SYSTEM,
1112  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DETECTION, SEAWATER, "NAPHTHENIC ACIDS,
1113  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WASTE OIL, PETROCHEMICALS, INDUSTRIES, "X-RAY FLUORESCENCE,
1116  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, CONTAMINANTS, HYDROCARBONS, COASTS, GERMANY, EAST,
         "SPECTROPHOTOMETRY,  "COLORIMETRY,
1117  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PiH,  LAKES, SEDIMENTS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROMETRY,
1121  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROSCOPY,
         SEDIMENTS,  LAKES,  "FLUORESCENCE,
1125  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  CRUDE OIL, "LUMINESCENCE CONTOUR  SPECTRA,
1129  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, "TAR BALLS, SAMPLING,
         CRUDE  OIL,  WEATHERING, ISRAEL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,
1130  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  OIL SPILLS, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY,
         SPECTROSCOPY,  SPECTROMETRY, "US BUREAU OF MINES,
1417  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
         "SPIN-LABELING TECHNIQUES,
1465  ANIMALS,  OIL SLICKS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, PLANTS, "OXYGEN EXCHANGE,
         "TEMPERATURE,  "LIGHT REDUCTION, "ROCK POOLS,
1119  API,  CRUDE OIL,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
1353  API,  CRUDE OIL,  MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PLATFORMS, NATURAL SEEPAGE,
         CHRONIC EFFECTS,
1400  API,  CRUDE OIL,  MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PLATFORMS, NATURAL SEEPAGE,
         CHRONIC EFFECTS,
1468  API,  OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION, PLATFORMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  NATURAL
         SEEPAGE,
1142  ARCTIC, OIL WELLS, "BLOWOUTS, SPILL DISPOSAL, INCINERATION, ICE, CANADA,
1188  ARCTIC, SPILL  RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, CRUDE OIL, FRESHWATER, ICE, "LOCKHEED  CLEAN SWEEP,
1204  ARCTIC, OIL TRANSFER, SHIPS, "PUMPS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "ADAPTS,
1310  ARCTIC, SPILL  CLEANUP, DISPOSAL , BEHAVIOR, DETECTION, "ARCTIC MARINE OIL SPILL
         PROGRAM,
1356  ARCTIC, ALGAE,  ALASKA, PLANTS, "LICHENS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL,
1376  ARCTIC, ALASKA,  OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, "PRUDHOE  BAY,
1409  ARCTIC, CRUDE  OIL, CRUSTACEANS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SEDIMENTS, BENTHOS,  "AMPHIPODS,
         "ISOPODS,
1410  ARCTIC, CRUDE  OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, INVERTEBRATES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,
         METABOLISM,
1411  ARCTIC, TOXICITY,  CRUDE OIL, INVERTEBRATES, "AMPHIPOD, "COELENTERATE,
1504  ARCTIC, ACUTE  EFFECTS, DRILLING, OIL WELLS, TOXICITY, FISH, "TROUT, "DRILLING  MUDS,
1523  ARCTIC, OFFSHORE  DRILLING, SPILL CLEANUP, ICE,  BASELINE STUDIES, MARINE  ORGANISMS,
         ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA,
1547  ARCTIC, BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, CRUSTACEANS,
                                            303

-------
1225  ALASKA,  SPILL DISPOSAL,  STORAGE,  CRUDE OIL,  FUEL OIL,
1227  ALASKA,  PIPELINES,  DEVELOPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  LEGISLATION,
         LIABILITY,
n56  ALASKA,  PLANTS,  "LICHENS,  ALGAE,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  ARCTIC,
1368  ALASKA,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY,  CRUSTACEANS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  »CANCER
         MAGISTER DANA,  *HATER SOLUBLE FRACTION,
1370  ALASKA,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  HYDROCARBONS,  TOXICITY,  FISH,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BERING SEA,
n?6  ALASKA,  OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, ARCTIC,  *PRUDHOE BAY,
1378  ALASKA,  OIL SPILLS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  MARINE  MAMMALS,  METABOLISM,  "PHYSIOLOGY,
         "PINNIPEDS,
1395  ALASKA,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, FISH,  *LIVER  AND SKIM TISSUES,
1396  ALASKA,  HYDROCARBONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  FISH,  CRUSTACEANS, UPTAKE,  RELEASE,
         "BIOTRANSFORMATION,
1414  ALASKA,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY,  MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC EFFECTS,
         METABOLISM,
1415  ALASKA,  CRUDE OIL,  FUEL  OIL, HYDROCARBONS,  FISH, "RESPIRATION RATE,  »ONCORHYNCHUS
         GORBUSCHA,
1426  ALASKA,  CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MOLLUSFTS, SEDIMENTS,  "CLAMS,  "INDICATOR
         SPECIES, "MACO.MA  BALTHICA,
1447  ALASKA,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  MODELS,
1470  ALASKA,  OIL FIELDS,  DEVELOPMENT,  COASTS,  BIRDS,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  PRUDHOE
         BAY,  "TUNDRA  WETLANDS,
1491  ALASKA,  BENTHOS, SEDIMENTS,  MONITORING,  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  BASELINE STUDIES,
1501  ALASKA,  MARINE MAMMALS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, DISTRIBUTION,  "SEA
         OTTERS, BASELINE STUDIES,
1502  ALASKA,  MARINE MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION, CONTAMINATION,  HABITAT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         *SEA  OTTERS,
1520  ALASKA,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS, OCS,  "GEOLOGY,
         "HYDROLOGY,  "YUKON  DELTA,
1533  ALASKA,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  OCS, BASELINE STUDIES, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, BIRDS,
1534  ALASKA,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  OCS, BASELINE STUDIES,
1541  ALASKA,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL  EFFECTS, ECONOMIC  EFFECTS,
1574  ALASKA,  OIL SPILLS,  ICE, COASTS,  ARCTIC OCEAN,  "OIL-ICE INTERACTION,
1590  ALASKA,  MODELS,  "CIRCULATION, OCS,  OIL SPILLS,  FATE,  BASELINE STUDIES, "TRAJECTORY
         ANALYSIS,
1597  ALASKA,  "OCEAN CIRCULATION,  OCS,  FATE, CONTAMINANTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BASELINE
         STUDIES,
1047  ALASKA/GULF OF,  MONITORING,  OCEANS,  "CIRCULATION PATTERNS, OCS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
1060  ALASKA/GULF OF,  MONITORING,  "OCEAN CURRENTS, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         BASELINE STUDIES,
1061  ALASKA/GULF OF,  MONITORING,  "MARINE  CLIMATOLOGY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS, BERING  SEA,  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE  STUDIES,
1207  ALASKA/GULF OF,  OIL  TRANSPORT, OCS,  OIL SPILLS,  ECONOMICS, STORAGE,  TANKERS,
         PIPELINES, OIL  TANKS, "RISK ANALYSIS,
1350  ALASKA/GULF OF,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,  "PRIMARY
         PRODUCTION,  FOOD  WEB, BASELINE STUDIES,
1387  ALASKA/GULF OF,  OIL  SPILLS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OCS,  MOLLUSKS, HABITAT,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  "CLAMS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
1419  ALASKA/GULF OF,  ACUTE  EFFECTS, CRUDE  OIL,  TOXICITY, FISH, FISHERIES,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  "PACIFIC HERRING,
1475  ALASKA/GULF OF,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS,
         DISTRIBUTION, "SEA  LIONS, "ECOLOGY, "TROPHIC STRUCTURE,
1480  ALASKA/GULF OF,  ZOOPLANKTON, MONITORING,  DISTRIBUTION,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
1481  ALASKA/GULF OF,  MONITORING,  DISTRIBUTION,  PLANKTON, "ICHTHYOPLANKTON,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
1484  ALASKA/GULF OF,  BENTHOS, DISTRIBUTION, "PRODUCTIVITY,  BERING SEA, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1485  ALASKA/GULF OF,  MONITORING,  BENTHOS,  DISTRIBUTION, "PRODUCTIVITY, STATISTICAL
         ANALYSIS, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
1487  ALASKA/GULF OF,  MARINE  MAMMALS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE  STUDIES,
1497  ALASKA/GULF OF,  MONITORING,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
         BERING SEA,  BEAUFORT  SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  "FISH  DISEASES,
1499  ALASKA/GULF OF,  FISHERIES, FISH,  "SHELLFISH, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, "DEMERSAL RESOURCES,
1500  ALASKA/GULF OF,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS,
         CONTAMINANTS, FOOD  WEB, "ECOLOGY,  "HARBOR SEAL,
1503  ALASKA/GULF OF,  FISH,  FOOD WEB,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BERING SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES,
1505  ALASKA/GULF OF,  ACUTE  EFFECTS, MONITORING,  MARINE ORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION,  INTERTIDAL
                                            304

-------
         MONITORING,  "AMPHIPODS,
1573  ARCTIC,  ABSORPTION,  OIL SPILLS,  SPREADING,  ICE, SOLUBILITY, BEHAVIOR,  CLEANUP,
1594  ARCTIC,  CRUDE OIL,  ICE, MONITORING,  SPREADING, MOVEMENT,  WEATHERING, SPILL CLEANUP,
162"  ARCTIC,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, OIL SLICKS,  CONTAINMENT,  RECOVERY,  OIL TRANSFER, STORAGE,
         SPILL DISPOSAL,  BIODEGRADATION, ICE,
1629  ARCTIC,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, OIL SPILLS,  MARINE  ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  SUBARCTIC
         REGIONS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
1574  ARCTIC OCEAN, ALASKA,  OIL SPILLS,  ICE, COASTS, *OIL-ICE INTERACTION,
1013  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, FISHERIES, OLYMPIC GAMES SPILL,
1014  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, OIL SPILLS, TANKERS,  "LIBERIAN REGISTRY,
1022  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, FISHERIES, SPILL  CLEANUP,
         LIABILITY,
1025  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, TANKERS, *LIEERIAN FLAG OF CONVENIENCE,
1027  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS,  LEGISLATION,  FISHERIES, USCG, *NEW ENGLAND,
1226  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS,  SAFETY, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, LIAB-ILITY, USCG,
         MEXICO/GULF OF,  *FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE,
144U  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FATE,  ATLANTIC OCEAN,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE  ORGANISMS,
1524  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, OIL-GAS LEASING, ATLANTIC OCEAN, EIS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         FISHERIES, ELM,  *GEORGES BANK,
1579  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FUEL OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FATE,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
         CONTAMINATION, NOAA, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
1581  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FUEL OIL, FATE, CONTAMINATION, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  FISHERIES,
         MODELS, MOVEMENT, NOAA,  ATLANTIC OCEAN,
1067  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, MONITORING, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
         *COLCRIMETRY,
1101  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,  CONTAMINANTS, HYDROCARBONS,  "WATER
         POLLUTANTS,
1107  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, CARCINOGENS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CONTAMINANTS, "ORGANIC
         POLLUTANTS,
1121  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL  TECHNIOUES,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  SPECTROSCOPY,
         SEDIMENTS, LAKES, "FLUORESCENCE,
1282  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ABSORPTION, WASTEWATER  TREATMENT,  PETROCHEMICALS,
1367  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, BACTERIA, TOXICITY,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1416  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, FUEL OIL, POLYCHAETES,  UPTAKE, RELEASE, "NAPHTHAtENE,
         "NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA,
1567  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISMS, BACTERIA, SEDIMENTS,
         CHESAPEAKE BAY,
1062  ATLANTIC COAST, SAMPLING, MICROORGANISMS,  DISTRIBUTION, SEAWATER, SEDIMENTS,  OFFSHORE
         DRILLING, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1355  ATLANTIC COAST, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SHORELINES, "WWII SPILLS,
1386  ATLANTIC COAST, OIL SPILLS, WWII SPILLS, TANKERS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, MOVEMENT,
1515  ATLANTIC COAST, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL INDUSTRY, OIL WELLS, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS,
1539  ATLANTIC COAST, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, "RISK
         ANALYSIS,
1563  ATLANTIC COAST, BIODEGRADATION,  CRUDE OIL,  MICROORGANISMS,  SAMPLING, OFFSHORE
         DRILLING, "OIL DEVELOPMENT SITES,
1596  ATLANTIC COAST, FATE,  OIL TRANSPORT, OCS,  EIS, "SUSPENDED MATTER,
1087  ATLANTIC OCEAN, SAMPLING, TAR, CARIBBEAN .SEA,
1441  ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FATE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE  ORGANISMS,
1478  ATLANTIC OCEAN, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, EIS,  OCS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "GEORGES  BANK,
1524  ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, OIL-GAS LEASING, EIS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         FISHERIES, ELM,  "GEORGES BANK,
1554  ATLANTIC OCEAN, BIODEGRADATION,  CRUDE OIL,  HYDROCARBONS,  MICROORGANISMS, SAMPLING,
1579  ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FUEL OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FATE, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, CONTAMINATION, NOAA,
1581  ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL. FUEL OIL, FATE, CONTAMINATION, MARINE ORGANISMS,
         FISHERIES, MODELS,  MOVEMENT,  NOAA,
1102  BACTERIA, HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  PETROLEUM
         PRODUCTS, 8IODEGRADATION, COASTS, FLORIDA,
1263  BACTERIA, OIL WELLS, DRILLING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, BIODEGRADATION, FLOCCULATION,
         PATENT,
1367  BACTERIA, AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1382  BACTERIA, CRUDE OIL, "REFINED OIL, TOXICITY, METABOLISM,  MARINE ORGANISMS, WEATHERING,
1385  BACTERIA, TOXICITY,  CRUDE OIL,' FUEL OIL, COASTS,  CANADA,  "GLUCOSE UPTAKE,
1392  BACTERIA, REFINERIES,  WASTEWATERS, BIODEGRADATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  MARINE
         ORGANISMS, PHYTOPLANKTON, FRANCE,
1548  BACTERIA, EIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS,  "LYSIS, "IONIC CONCENTRATION,
1549  BACTERIA, EIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS,  OXIDATION, TOXICITY, SURFACTANTS,  "IONIC
         CONCENTRATION, "DETERGENTS,
1550  BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS,  COASTS, MONITORING,
1551  BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, OIL SLICKS, SPILL CLEANUP, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT,
1555  BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS,  NARRAGANSETT BAY,  "GROWTH STUDIES,
1558  BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS,  METABOLISM,
1560  BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, COASTS,  "COASTAL WATERS, SEDIMENTS,  BLACK SEA, USSR,
                                            305

-------
 1561  BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, UPTAKE,
         METABOLISM, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
 1562  BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, OIL SPILLS, FATE, EMULSIFICATION,  DISPERSIONS, WEATHERING,
 1561  BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, OIL SPILLS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
 1565  BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS, METABOLISM, ESTUARIES, "CYCLOHEXANE,
 1566  BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF OF, BIODFGRADATION, OIL SLICKS, NEUSTON, BLACK SEA, CASPIAN SEA,
         *AZOV SEA,
 1567  BACTERIA, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS,
         CHESAPEAKE BAY,
 1568  BACTERIA, BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS, ESTUARIES,
 1627  BACTERIA, ALGAE, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BIODEGRADATION, OIL SPILLS, HYEROCARBONS, SPILL
         CLEANUP,
 1033  BALLAST, MONITORING, OIL SLICKS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, TANKERS, *OIL-WATER INTERFACE,
 1036  BALLAST, MONITORING, OIL DISCHARGES, BILGES, SHIPS,
 1039  BALLAST, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATERS, PATENT, "SOUND
         VELOCITY CHARACTERISTICS,
 1012  BALLAST, MONITORING, OIL SLICKS, TANKERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT,
 1019  BALLAST, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING, SPECTROMETRY, DETECTION, BILGES, WASTE
         OIL, 'SUMMING LUMINESCENCE SPECTROMETRY,
 1026  BALTIC SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, UK, USSR, *JOINT UK/USSR COMMITTEE,
 1057  BALTIC SEA, MONITORING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, NORTH SEA, NORWEGIAN SEA,
 1073  BALTIC SEA, REMOTE SENSING,  CONTAMINANTS, *WIND EFFECTS, "WAVE EFFECTS,
 1379  BALTIC SEA, BIRDS, CONTAMINATION, STATISTICS, "MORTALITY,
 1425  BALTIC SEA, CRUDE OIL, BIRDS, CONTAMINATION, STATISTICS, "MORTALITY, "GDANSK BAY,
 1152  BALTIC SEA, ECOSYSTEMS, CONTAMINANTS, HYDROCARBONS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
 1031  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, "OCEAN CURRENTS, OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, FATE,
         CONTAMINANTS, BEAUFORT SEA,
 1031  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, CONTAMINANTS', HYDROCARBONS, COASTS, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,
         "POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
 1035  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, SEDIMENTS, MOLLUSKS, PUGET SOUND, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         OIL SPILLS, NOAA,
 1038  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING, "STREAMFLOW, ESTUARIES, COASTS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
 1040  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, DISTRIBUTION, OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         BERING SEA, "NATURALLY-OCCURRING HYDROCARBONS,
 1043  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA,
         "CELTIC SEA,
 1059  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING, "WIND CONDITIONS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, FATE,
         CONTAMINANTS, COASTS,
 1060  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, "OCEAN CURRENTS, FATE, CONTAMINANTS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1061  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, "MARINE CLIMATOLOGY, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,
 1062  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, DISTRIBUTION, FATE, OCS,
 1350  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL
         SPILLS, "PRIMARY PRODUCTION, FOOD WEB,
 1387  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL SPILLS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OCS, MOLLUSKS,
         HABITAT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, "CLAMS,
 1464  BASELINE STUDIES, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, "COASTAL IMPACTS,
 1467  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, PHYTOPLANKTON, ICE, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, FOOD WEB, BERING SEA,
 1469  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, ESTUARIES, FISHERIES, DISTRIBUTION, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA,
 1471  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, HABITAT,  MARINE ORGANISMS, COASTS, BEAUFORT SEA,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
 1473  BASELINE STUDIES, MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA, "SPOTTED SEAL,
 1474  BASELINE STUDIES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, HABITAT,
         ICE, DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,
 1477  BASELINE STUDIES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  BENTHOS, DISTRIBUTION,
         BEAUFORT SEA,
 1479  BASELINE STUDIES, ZOOPLANKTON,  "MICRONEKTON, DISTRIBUTION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,
 1480  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, ZOOPLANKTON, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
 1481  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION,  PLANKTON,
         •ICHTHYOPLANKTON, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
 1182  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, PLANKTON, DISTRIBUTION, BEAUFORT SEA, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
 1183  BASELINE STUDIES, MARINE MAMMALS, TOXICITY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BERING SEA,
         "MORTALITY,
1485  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, BENTHOS, DISTRIBUTION, "PRODUCTIVITY,
         STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1486  BASELINE STUDIES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, OIL TRANSPORT, BENTHOS,  OIL
         SPILLS,  BERING SEA,
1187  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE
                                            306

-------
         DEVELOPMENT, DISTRIBUTION,
1488  BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL-GAS LEASING, OIL
         SPILLS, DISTRIBUTION, MARINE MAMMALS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,
11489  BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE MAMMALS,
         DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA, 'WHALES,
1490  BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL-GAS LEASING, MARINE
         MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA,
1491  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, BENTHOS, SEDIMENTS, MONITORING, DCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1492  BASELINE STUDIES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, FISH, FISHERIES,
         HABITAT, BERING SEA, "PACIFIC HERRING,
1494  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, PHYTOPLANKTON, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         "PRIMARY PRODUCTION,
1497  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, OCS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, "FISH DISEASES,
1498  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, MARINE ORGANISMS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
1499  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, FISHERIES, FISH, "SHELLFISH, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "DEMERSAL RESOURCES,
1501  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         DISTRIBUTION, *SEA OTTERS,
1503  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, FISH, FOOD WEB, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, BERING SEA,
1505  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE EFFECTS, MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS,
         DISTRIBUTION, INTERTIDAL ZONE, COASTS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
1523  BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC, OFFSHORE DRILLING, SPILL CLEANUP, ICE, MARINE ORGANISMS,
         ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA,
1533  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OCS, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, BIRDS,
1534  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OCS,
1545  BASELINE STUDIES, BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS, MICROORGANISMS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         OCS, BEAUFORT SEA,
1546  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS, MICROORGANISMS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
1561  BASELINE STUDIES, BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE EFFECTS, EIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL,
         UPTAKE, METABOLISM, BEAUFORT SEA,
1588  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, OFFSHORE DRILLING, "OCEAN
         CIRCULATION,
1590  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MODELS, "CIRCULATION, OCS,  OIL SPILLS, FATE, "TRAJECTORY
         ANALYSIS,
1591  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,  FATE, OCS,  "OCEAN
         CIRCULATION, "FLOW TRAJECTORIES,
1597  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, "OCEAN CIRCULATION, OCS, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,
1629  BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
1632  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, FISH, "NON-SALMONID PELACIC FISHES,
         BERING SEA,
1108  BEACHES, OIL SPILLS, NORTH SEA, SCOTLAND,
1084  BEACHES, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS, REFINERIES, CONTAMINATION,  SEDIMENTS,
1336  BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL WELLS, POLLUTION CONTROL, DISPOSAL , RESTORATION, BEAUFORT
         SEA,
1556  BEACHES, BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS, OXIDATION,  "BEACH GRAVEL,
1031  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, "OCEAN CURRENTS, OCS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, FATE, CONTAMINANTS,
1061  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING,  "MARINE  CLIMATOLOGY,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
1070  BEAUFORT SEA, MONITORING, TAR, SOURCES, DISTRIBUTION, COASTS,
1088  BEAUFORT SEA, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SEAWATER,  FISH,  PLANKTON,
         SEDIMENTS, SOURCES,
n36  BEAUFORT SEA, BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL WELLS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  DISPOSAL ,
         RESTORATION,
1337  BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, DETECTION, MONITORING, DISPOSAL  ,
         "EQUIPMENT EVALUATION,
1348  BEAUFORT SEA, ALGAE, ICE, PHYTOPLANKTOW, "PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY,  "OIL-UNDER-ICE,
1469  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, ESTUARIES,  FISHERIES, DISTRIBUTION,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1471  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, HABITAT,  MARINE ORGANISMS, COASTS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1472  BEAUFORT SEA, MONITORING, MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         BERING SEA, "BEARDEJ3 AND RINGED SEALS, "ECOLOGY,
1474  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE
         MAMMALS, HABITAT, ICE, DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA,
1476  BEAUFORT SEA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,  OIL SPILLS, BENTHOS, FOOD  WEB,
1477  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BENTHOS,
                                            307

-------
         DISTRIBUTION,
1U79  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  ZOOPLANKTON,  *MICRONEKTON,  DISTRIBUTION,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, BERING SEA,
1482  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  MONITORING, PLANKTON, DISTRIBUTION,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
11(88  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL-GAS
         LEASING, OIL SPILLS, DISTRIBUTION,  MARINE MAMMALS, BERING SEA,
1495  BEAUFORT SEA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS, OCS,
         DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA, *SEALS,  "TROPHIC STRUCTURE,
1497  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  MONITORING, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, BERING SEA, *FISH' DISEASES,
152^  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC,  OFFSHORE DRILLING,  SPILL CLEANUP, ICE, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,
1531  BEAUFORT SEA, OFFSHORE DRILLING,  OIL  SPILLS,  SPREADING,  MOVEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS, MARINE MAMMALS,  BIRDS, FISH,
1545  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  BIODEGRADATION,  HYDROCARBONS, MICROORGANISMS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
1553  BEAUFORT SEA, BIODEGRADATION,  CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS, SAMPLING, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1561  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE EFFECTS,
         BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL,  UPTAKE,  METABOLISM,
1592  BEAUFORT SEA, OIL SLICKS,  COASTS,  MOVEMENT, "IMPACT LOCATIONS,
1630  BEAUFORT SEA, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  FISH, DISTRIBUTION,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS,
1340  BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, SPILL CLEANUP,  DISPOSAL , DETECTION, "ARCTIC MARINE OIL SPILL
         PROGRAM,
H72  BEHAVIOR, TOXICITY, CONTAMINANTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, "SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
H90  BEHAVIOR, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, FUEL  OIL,  ZOOPLANKTON, "WATER SOLUBLE  FRACTIONS,
1410  BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, CRUDE OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, INVERTEBRATES, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,
         METABOLISM,
1569  BEHAVIOR, CRUDE OIL, SPREADING,  COALESCENCE,  EMUSIFICATION, ICE, RIVERS,
1573  BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, ABSORPTION,  OIL SPILLS, SPREADING, ICE', SOLUBILITY, CLEANUP,
1032  BENTHOS, MONITORING, MARINE  ORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, SEDIMENTS, UK,  "SUBLITTORAL
         MACROFAUNA, "MILFORD HAVEN,
1099  BENTHOS, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTION,  OCS, TEXAS,  MEXICO/GULF OF,
1361  BENTHOS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, FISH, BLACK SEA, "SHRIMP,
         "ELECTRICAL CURRENTS,
1409  BENTHOS, ARCTIC, CRUDE OIL,  CRUSTACEANS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SEDIMENTS, "AMPHIPODS,
         "ISOPODS,
1461  BENTHOS, SEDIMENTATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,  "ANIMAL-SEDIMENT
         RELATIONSHIPS,
1476  BENTHOS, BEAUFORT SEA, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL SPILLS, FOOD WEB,
1477  BENTHOS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE  STUDIES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         DISTRIBUTION,
1484  BENTHOS, ALASKA/GULF OF, DISTRIBUTION, "PRODUCTIVITY, BERING SEA, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1485  BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, "PRODUCTIVITY,
         STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1486  BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION,  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL
         SPILLS,  BERING SEA,
1491  BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, SEDIMENTS, MONITORING, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1493  BENTHOS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, PLANKTON, OCS, ECOSYSTEMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
1040  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS,  DISTRIBUTION, OCS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "NATURALLY-OCCURRING  HYDROCARBONS,
1061  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, "MARINE
         CLIMATOLOGY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
1370  BERING SEA, ALASKA, ACUTE  EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY,  FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS,
1467  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  MONITORING, PHYTOPLANKTON, ICE, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FOOD  WEB,
1472  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,  MONITORING,  MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "BEARDED AND RINGED SEALS, "ECOLOGY,
1473  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  MARINE  MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, DISTRIBUTION,  "SPOTTED SEAL,
1474  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         MARINE MAMMALS, HABITAT,  ICE,  DISTRIBUTION,
1479  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, ZOOPLANKTON, "MICRONEKTON, DISTRIBUTION,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1483  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  MARINE  MAMMALS, TOXICITY,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         "MORTALITY,
1484  BERING SEA, BENTHOS, ALASKA/GULF OF,  DISTRIBUTION, "PRODUCTIVITY, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1486  BERING SEA, BENTHOS, BASELINE  STUDIES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION,  OIL
         TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS,
1488  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,
         OIL-GAS  LEASING, OIL SPILLS,  DISTRIBUTION, MARINE MAMMALS,
1489  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, MARINE
                                            308

-------
         MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION,  "WHALES,
1490   PEKING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS.  OIL-GAS
         LEASING,  MARINE MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION,
1492   BERING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  FISH,
         FISHERIES,  HABITAT,  "PACIFIC HERRING,
1495   BERING SEA,  BEAUFORT SEA,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,
         OCS,  DISTRIBUTION, *SEAL3,  *TROPHIC STRUCTURE,
1497   BERING SEA,  BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE  STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  MONITORING,  FISH,
         ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS, *FISH DISEASES,
1498   BERING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  MONITORING,  DISTRIBUTION, MARINE ORGANISMS,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1503   BERING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  FISH,  FOOD WEE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
1505   BERING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  MONITORING, MARINE
         ORGANISMS,  DISTRIBUTION,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, COASTS, CHPONIC  EFFECTS,
1593   BERING SEA,  "CIRCULATION,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, CONTAMINATION, FOOD  WEB, FISHERIES,
         •BRISTOL  BAY,
1632   BERING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  FISH,  "NON-SALMONID
         PELAGIC FISHES,
1482   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING,  PLANKTON,  DISTRIBUTION,
162"   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ARCTIC, OIL SLICKS, CONTAINMENT, RECOVERY, OIL TRANSFER, STORAGE,
         SPILL DISPOSAL, EIODEGRADATIOM,  ICE,
1625   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, OIL INDUSTRY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS,  SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,
         HYDROCARBONS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
1626   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,
1627   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BACTERIA,  ALGAE, BIODEGRADATION, OIL SPILLS,  HYDROCARBONS,  SPILL
         CLEANUP,
1528   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WILDLIFE,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  BIRDS, CONTAMINATION,  'ENDANGERED  SPECIES,
         •WATER POLLUTION,
1629   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,  OIL  SPILLS, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS,  SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
1630   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BEAUFORT SEA,  FISH, DISTRIBUTION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS,
1631   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ESTUARIES, COASTS,  CONTAMINATION,
1632   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  FISH,  *NON-SALMONID
         PELAGIC FISHES,
1633   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, OIL SPILLS, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  SPILL  CLEANUP,
1036   BILGES,  BALLAST, MONITORING, OIL DISCHARGES, SHIPS,
10M   BILGES,  BALLAST, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING,  SPEtTROMETRY,  DETECTION,  WASTE
         OIL,  "SUMMING LUMINESCENCE  SPECTFOMETRY,
1065   BILGES,  MONITORING, FUEL OIL,  DETECTION, SHIPS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  *OIL-IN-WATER
         DETECTOR,
1232   BILGES,  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, EMULSIONS, OIL  TANKS, SPILL RECOVERY,  *DEMULSIFYING
         AGENTS,
1264   BILGES,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FILTRATION,  "TUBULAR
         ULTRAFILTRATIQN SYSTEM,
1273   BILGES,  SHIPS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, EMULSIONS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  "DEMULSIFICATION,
1*00   BILGES,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE,  "PEAT,
1301   BILGES,  WASTE OIL DISPOSAL, MONITORING, TANKERS, RHINE RIVER,  "COMPUTER  SURVEILLANCE,
1102   BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTS, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,
         PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  COASTS, FLORIDA,
1160   .BIODEGRADATION, SPILL DISPOSAL, SOIL, MICROORGANISMS, PATENT,
1175   EIODEGRADATION, OIL SLICKS, SPILL CLEANUP, MICROORGANISMS, PATENT,  "NUTRIENT  PARTICLES,
126?   BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  OIL  WELLS, DRILLING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  FLOCCULATION,
         PATENT,
n92   BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  REFINERIES, WASTEWATERS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  MARINE
         ORGANISMS,  PHYTOPLANKTON, FRANCE,
1394   BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, WASTE OIL, SOIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  FUNGI,
154U   BIODEGRADATION, CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS, "APSHES,  ESTUARIES,
1545   BIODEGRADATION, BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, HYDROCARBONS,  MICROORGANISMS,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
1546   BIODEGPADATION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/OULF OF, HYDROCARBONS,  MICROORGANISMS,
         OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
1547   BIODEGRADATION, ARCTIC, CRUDE  OIL,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, CRUSTACEANS,
         MONITORING, "AMPHIPODS,
1548   BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  HYDROCARBONS, "LYSIS, "IONIC CONCENTRATION,
1549   BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  HYDROCARBONS, OXIDATION, TOXICITY,  SURFACTANTS,  "IONIC
         CONCENTRATION, "DETERGENTS,
1550   BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  HYDROCARBONS, COASTS, MONITORING,
1551   BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  OIL  SLICKS, SPILL CLEANUP, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT,
1552   BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS,  MICROORGANISMS,  "AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT,
1553   BIODEGRADATION, BEAUFORT SEA,  CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS, SAMPLING, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1554   BIODEGRADATION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS, MICROORGANISMS, SAMPLING,
1555   BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  HYDROCARBONS, NARPAGANSETT BAY, "GROWTH STUDIES,
1556   BIODEGRADATION, BEACHES, CRUDF OIL, MICROORGANISMS, OXIDATION, "BEACH GRAVEL,
                                             309

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 1557  BIODEGRADATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  FUELS, MICROORGANISMS,
 1558  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, HYDROCARBONS,  METABOLISM,
 1559  BIODEGRADATION, HYDROCARBONS,  MICROORGANISMS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
 1560  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, COASTS,  'COASTAL WATERS,  SEDIMENTS, BLACK SEA, USSR,
 1561  BIODEGRADATION, BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF OF,  ACUTE
         EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, UPTAKE, METABOLISM,
 1562  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, OIL  SPILLS,  FATE,  EMULSIFICATION,  DISPERSIONS, WEATHERING,
 1563  BIODEGRADATION, ATLANTIC COAST, CRUDE  OIL, MICROORGANISMS, SAMPLING, OFFSHORE
         DRILLING, "OIL DEVELOPMENT  SITES,
 1561  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, OIL  SPILLS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
 1565  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, HYDROCARBONS,  METABOLISM,  ESTUARIES, 'CYCLOHEXANE,
 1566  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF  OF,  OIL  SLICKS,  NEUSTON, BLACK SEA,  CASPIAN SEA,
         *AZOV SEA,
 1567  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, MICROORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS,
         CHESAPEAKE BAY,
 1568  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS, ESTUARIES,
 1589  BIODEGRADATION, CONTAMINATION, RIVERS, SEDIMENTS, »PARRAMATTA RIVER, *MUDS,
 1621  BIODEGRADATION, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ARCTIC,  OIL SLICKS,  CONTAINMENT, RECOVERY, OIL
         TRANSFER, STORAGE, SPILL DISPOSAL,  ICE,
 1627  BIODEGRADATION, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BACTERIA,  ALGAE, OIL SPILLS, HYDROCARBONS, SPILL
         CLEANUP,
 1029  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,
 1082  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST,  SAMPLING,  MICROORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, SEAWATER,
         SEDIMENTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,
 1203  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL DISCHARGES,  SOURCES,  FATE, MARINE ORGANISMS,
         FISHERIES, PACIFIC OCEAN,
 1350  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL
         SPILLS, 'PRIMARY PRODUCTION, FOOD WEB,
 ng3  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, API, CRUDE OIL,.MARINE ORGANISMS,  PLATFORMS, NATURAL SEEPAGE,
         CHRONIC EFFECTS,
 1356  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARCTIC, ALGAE, ALASKA, PLANTS,  "LICHENS, CRUDE OIL,
 1358  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, MONITORING,  WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, PORTS, UK,
         'MILFORD HAVEN, »OIL POLLUTION  RESEARCH UNIT,
 1359  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, MARSHES,  SHORELINES, VEGETATION, UK,
 1360  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, .ALGAE, METULA  SPILL, BIRDS,  MOLLUSKS, FISHERIES, MAGELLAN/STRAIT
         OF,
 1363  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FUEL OIL,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  TROPICAL REGIONS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
         CORALS,
 1365  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, PLANTS,  SAMPLING, MARSHES, »SPECISS REDUCTION,
 1367  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BACTERIA,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY,
 1371  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, VEGETATION, MARSHES, UK, 'SALTMARSH,
 n71  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS,  *WATER SOLUBLE FRACTIONS,
 1378  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, OIL SPILLS,  MARINE MAMMALS, METABOLISM, 'PHYSIOLOGY,
         •PINNIPEDS,
 1380  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, CORALS, "GROWTH,  *GREAT BARRIER REEF,
 1381  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FUEL OIL.,  BIRDS, 'YOLK STRUCTURE,  *EGG HATCHABILITY,
 1383  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  MOLLUSKS, CALIFORNIA/SOUTHERN, 'TOLERANCE
         VARIABILITY, »LITTORINA,
 1387  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  OIL SPILLS, OCS, MOLLUSKS,
         HABITAT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  *CLAMS,
 1388  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, MOLLUSKS, 'LARVAE, 'OXYGEN UPTAKE , 'MERETRIX LUSORIA,
 1389  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, PHYTOPLANKTON,  MARSHES, 'ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS, 'DIATOMS,
 1393  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, DISPERSANTS,  POLYCHAETES, UK, 'ARENICOLA MARINA L,
         'MILFORD HAVEN,
 1391  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,  CRUDE OIL, WASTE OIL, SOIL, FUNGI,
 1396  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, HYDROCARBONS,  FISH,  CRUSTACEANS, UPTAKE, RELEASE,
         'BIOTRANSFORMATION,
 1100  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, API, CRUDE OIL,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  PLATFORMS, NATURAL SEEPAGE,
         CHRONIC EFFECTS,
 1101  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  CRUDE  OIL,  CONTAMINATION,
 1102  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, TANKERS," PORTS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, MARSHES, METULA
         SPILL,  UK, 'MILFORD HAVEN,
 1101  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALGAE, METABOLISM, UPTAKE, 'PHOTOSYNTHESIS, 'RESPIRATION,
 1405  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  CONTAMINATION, 'METABOLIC INTERACTIONS,
1106  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION, OCEANS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, FOOD WEB, PHYTOPLANKTON,
1107  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, CHRONIC  EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
1108  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS,  PLANTS,  FOOD WEB,  'PHOTOSYNTHESIS, 'ZOSTERA MARINA,
1109  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, ARCTIC, CRUDE OIL,  CRUSTACEANS, SEDIMENTS, 'AMPHIPODS,
         'ISOPODS,
1110  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR,  ARCTIC,  CRUDE OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, INVERTEBRATES,
         METABOLISM,
1112  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PHYTOPLANKTON, 'DINOFLAGELLATES, 'DIATOMS,
1117  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
         'SPIN-LABELING TECHNIQUES,
1118  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS,  LAKES, PHYTOPLANKTON, 'OUTBOARD MARINE ENGINE EXHAUST
                                             310

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1422  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  FUEL OIL, MOLLUSKS, *CLAMS, "MYA ARENARIA,
1426  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA,  CRUDE OIL, MOLLUSKS, SEDIMENTS, *CLAMS, 'INDICATOR
         SPECIES,  »MACOMA  BALTHICA,
1429  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALGAE,  HYDROCARBONS, METABOLISM, "NAPHTHALENE,
1432  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CONTAMINANTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "PHYSIOLOGICAL
         RESPONSE,
1435  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL, MOLLUSKS, *CLAMS,
1436  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL, MOLLUSKS, "CLAMS,
1444  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FATE, MARINE ORGANISMS,
1449  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL DISCHARGES, SHIPS, TANKERS, CONTAMINATION, FATE, DISPERSANTS,
1459  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CONTAMINANTS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, REGULATIONS, "BOOK
         REVIEW,
1465  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ANIMALS, OIL SLICKS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, PLANTS, *OXYGEN EXCHANGE,
         •TEMPERATURE,  *LIGHT REDUCTION, "ROCK POOLS,
1467  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, PHYTOPLANKTON, ICE,
         OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, FOOD WEB,
1469  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING,  ESTUARIES, FISHERIES,
         DISTRIBUTION,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1471  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING,  HABITAT, MARINE
         ORGANISMS,  COASTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1472  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, MONITORING, MARINE MAMMALS,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "BEARDED AND RINGED SEALS, "ECOLOGY,
1473  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MARINE MAMMALS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, DISTRIBUTION, "SPOTTED SEAL,
1474  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         MARINE MAMMALS, HABITAT,  ICE, DISTRIBUTION,
1475  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA/GULF OF, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS,
         DISTRIBUTION,  "SEA LIONS, "ECOLOGY, "TROPHIC STRUCTURE,
1476  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, BEAUFORT SEA, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL SPILLS,  FOOD WEB,
1477  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         DISTRIBUTION,
1478  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC OCEAN, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, EIS, OCS, "GEORGES BANK,
1480  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, ZOOPLANKTON, MONITORING,
         DISTRIBUTION,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1481  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION,
         PLANKTON,  "ICHTHYOPLANKTON, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1484  BIOLOGICAL EFFEATS,  BERING SEA, BENTHOS, ALASKA/GULF OF, DISTRIBUTION,  "PRODUCTIVITY,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1485  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING,
         DISTRIBUTION,  "PRODUCTIVITY, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1486  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  OIL
         TRANSPORT  OIL SPILLS
1487  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MARINE MAMMALS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, DISTRIBUTION,
1488  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         OIL-GAS LEASING,  OIL SPILLS, DISTRIBUTION, MARINE MAMMALS,
1489  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE
         MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION, "WHALES,
1490  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL-GAS
         LEASING,  MARINE MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION,
1492  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, FISH,
         FISHERIES,  HABITAT, "PACIFIC HERRING,
1494  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, PHYTOPLANKTON, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
         "PRIMARY PRODUCTION,
1495  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS,
         OCS, DISTRIBUTION,  "SEALS, "TROPHIC STRUCTURE,
1498  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, MARINE
         ORGANISMS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1499  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, FISHERIES, FISH,  "SHELLFISH,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  "DEMERSAL RESOURCES,
1500  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA/GULF OF, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS,
         CONTAMINANTS,  FOOD I.EE,  "ECOLOGY, "HARBOR SEAL,
1501  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MARINE MAMMALS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         DISTRIBUTION,  "SEA OTTERS,
1503  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, FISH, FOOD WEB,
         OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
1542  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, HABITAT, ONSHORE IMPACTS, SPILL
         CLEANUP,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,
1553  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION, BEAUFORT SEA, CRUDE OIL, MICROORGANISMS, SAMPLING,
1579  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FUEL OIL, FATE, MARINE
         ORGANISMS,  CONTAMINATION, MOAA,
1584  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS, FATE, DISTRIBUTION, HYDROCARBONS, MARSHES, METABOLISM,
         MARINE ORGANISMS, MASSACHUSETTS,
1595  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ACUTE EFFECTS, OIL DISCHARGES, FATE, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  MARINE
                                            311

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         ORGANISMS, NORTH SEA,
1629  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ARCTIC,  OIL SPILLS, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
1630  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  BSAUFORT SEA,  FISH,  DISTRIBUTION,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,
1633  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  OIL SPILLS,  FATE,  MARINE ORGANISMS, SPILL CLEANUP,
1012  BIRDS, CONTAMINATION, MONITORING,  UK,  *BIRD MORTALITY,
1015  BIRDS, OIL SLICKS, COASTS,  CONTAMINATION,  RESTORATION,  ENGLAND,
1197  BIRDS, RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS,  SOLVENTS,
1198  BIRDS, RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS,  CONTAMINATION,  TORPEY  CANYON,  OLYMPIC  GAMES SPILL,
1199  BIRDS, RESTORATION, OLYMPIC GAMES  SPILL,  PERSONNEL TRAINING,
1360  BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALGAE,  METULA SPILL,  MOLLUSKS,  FISHERIES, MAGELLAN/STRAIT
         OF,
1379  BIRDS, BALTIC SEA, CONTAMINATION,  STATISTICS,  'MORTALITY,
1381  BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  FUEL  OIL, *YOLK STRUCTURE,  'EGG HATCHABILITY,
1334  BIRDS, ACUTE EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION,  WILDLIFE,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,
1«25  BIRDS, BALTIC SEA, CRUDE  OIL,  CONTAMINATION, STATISTICS,  'MORTALITY, 'GDANSK BAY,
1470  BIRDS, ALASKA, OIL FIELDS,  DEVELOPMENT, COASTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, PRUDHOE
         BAY, 'TUNDRA WETLANDS,
1531  BIRDS, BEAUFORT SEA, OFFSHORE  DRILLING, OIL SPILLS, SPREADING, MOVEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS, MARINE MAMMALS, FISH,
15^3  BIRDS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DCS,
         MARINE ORGANISMS,
1628  EIRDS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WILDLIFE,  MARINE ORGANISMS, CONTAMINATION, 'ENDANGERED SPECIES,
         'WATER POLLUTION,
1361  BLACK SEA, BENTHOS, PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS, TOXICITY,  MARINE ORGANISMS, FISH, 'SHRIMP,
         'ELECTRICAL CURRENTS,
1560  BLACK SEA, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, COASTS, 'COASTAL  WATERS,  SEDIMENTS, USSR,
1566  BLACK SEA, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL SLICKS, NEUSTON, CASPIAN SEA,
         'AZOV SEA,
1518  BLM,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  DCS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  HYDROCARBONS, 'TRACE METALS,
1524  BLM,  ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  OIL-GAS  LEASING, EIS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         FISHERIES, 'GEORGES BANK,
1328  BLOWOUT PREVENTION, .OFFSHORE DRILLING,  'RISER.LESS  DRILLING METHOD,
1132  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  PATENT,
m3  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  PATENT,
1135  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, TANKERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
1136  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  PATENT,  'FENDING DEVICE,
1138  BOOMS, ABSORPTION, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  HYDROCARBONS, PATENT,
1139  BOOMS, ADSORPTION, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,  HYDROCARBONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT,
1140  BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  OIL  SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  PATENT,
1149  BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  'VIKOMA INTERNATIONAL,
1172  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL  CLEANUP,  MODELS, SKIMMERS, 'HYDRODYNAMIC PROBLEMS,
1194  BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL  RECOVERY,  RIVERS,  ICE,  CANADA, 'ST. CLAIR & DETROIT
         RIVERS,
1196  BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT,
1344  BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION  CONTROL,  SKIMMERS,
1510  CALIFORNIA, DCS, OIL-GAS  LEASING,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, POLLUTION
         CONTROL,
1571  CALIFORNIA, GROUNDWATER,  CONTAMINATION, WASTEWATER DISPOSAL, SPREADING,
1602  CALIFORNIA, LEGISLATION,  OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY,  TANKERS,  OIL TRANSPORT,
1514  CALIFORNIA COAST, OIL-GAS LEASING, DCS, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, EIS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,
1519  CALIFORNIA COAST, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  LEGISLATION,
1536  CALIFORNIA COAST, OFFSHORE  DRILLING, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, 'LAND USE
         CONFLICTS,
1383  CALIFORNIA/SOUTHERN, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MOLLUSKS, 'TOLERANCE
         VARIABILITY, 'LITTORINA,
1142  CANADA, ARCTIC, OIL WELLS,  'BLOWOUTS,  SPILL DISPOSAL,  INCINERATION, ICE,
1173  CANADA, SPILL CLEANUP, COASTS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  RESTORATION,
1194  CANADA, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL RECOVERY,  RIVERS,  ICE, *ST. CLAIR & DETROIT
         RIVERS,
1294  CANADA, TAR SANDS, DEVELOPMENT,  WASTEWATER DISPOSAL, WATER QUALITY,
13"5  CANADA, POLLUTION CONTROL,  SPILL  RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, 'EQUIPMENT TESTING,
1385  CANADA, BACTERIA, TOXICITY, CRUDE  OIL,  FUEL OIL, COASTS,  'GLUCOSE UPTAKE,
1586  CANADA, OIL SLICKS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS,
1621  CANADA, POLLUTION CONTROL,  REFINERIES,  WASTEWATERS, REGULATIONS, GUIDELINES,
         MONITORING,
1089  CARCINOGENS,  PAH, MODELS, *BENZO(A)ANTHRACENE,
1098  CARCINOGENS,  PAH, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROMETRY,
1107  CARCINOGENS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CONTAMINANTS, 'ORGANIC
         POLLUTANTS,
1087  CARIBBEAN SEA, ATLANTIC OCEAN,  SAMPLING,  TAR,
1566  CASPIAN SEA,  BLACK SEA, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL  SLICKS,  NEUSTON,
                                            312

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1056   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  MONITORING,  CRUDE OIL,  FISH, CHROMATOGRAPHY, *EELS, "BIO-INDICATORS,
1067   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  MONITORING, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES
         *COLORIMETRY,
1088   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BEAUFORT SEA, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS, SEAWATER, FISH,  PLANKTON,
         SEDIMENTS,  SOURCES,
1091   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SEDIMENTS,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,
1092   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS, SAMPLING, REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS, SOURCES,
         MEXICO/GULF OF,  "MISSISSIPPI DELTA,
1093   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  OIL  SLICKS,  HYDROCARBONS, SWEDEN,
1095   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS, EXTRACTION, SOLVENTS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROMETRY,
1097   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  WASTEWATERS, DETECTION, "OIL TRACES, 'ADSORPTION POLAROGRAPHY,
1098   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CARCINOGENS, PAH, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROMETRY,
1099   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BENTHOS, HYDROCARBONS,  DISTRIBUTION, OCS,  TEXAS, MEXICO/GULF  OF,
1100   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS, MOLLUSKS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  *SOXHLET
         EXTRACTION, *SAPONIFICATION,
1102   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, HYDROCARBONS,  SEDIMENTS, 'CHROMATOGRAPHY,
         PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  COASTS,  FLORIDA,
1103   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CRUDE OIL,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, WEATHERING,
1104   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, WASTEWATERS,  "GASOLINE FRACTIONS,
1106   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  ACTIVATED SLUDGE, HYDROCARBONS, DECOMPOSITION,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,
1107   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CARCINOGENS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  CONTAMINANTS,  "ORGANIC
         POLLUTANTS,
1108   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SEDIMENTS,  PORTS, OCEANS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  CONTAMINATION,  USSR,
1109   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  PAH, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  EXTRACTION, "FLUORESCENCE,
1110   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  "HYDROCARBON
         MEASUREMENTS,
1118   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  WASTEWATERS, DETECTION, HYDROCARBONS, CRANKCASE OIL, MARINE
         ORGANISMS,  MEW YORK,
1119   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  API, CRUDE OIL, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
1123   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  CRUDE OIL, HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,
1124   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  OIL SPILLS, SPECTROSCOPY, SEAWATER,
1126   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  PAH, SOURCES, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROMETRY,
         SEDIMENTS,  "AOUATIC  ENVIRONMENT,
1127   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  CRUDE OIL, "FLUOROMETRY,
1129   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  "TAR BALLS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SAMPLING,  CRUDE
         OIL, WEATHERING, ISRAEL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,
1286   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, HYDROCARBONS,  OXIDATION,  TOXICITY,  "AERATION,
1290   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, DISPOSAL, REFINERIES,  CONTAMINANTS,
1111   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CONTAMINATION, GROUNDHATER, OIL TANKS, USSR,
1625   CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, OIL INDUSTRY, OIL SPILLS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
         HYDROCARBONS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
1115   CHESAPEAKE BAY, SHIPS,  PORTS,  POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SPILLS,  "SYMPOSIUM,
1567   CHESAPEAKE BAY, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  MICROORGANISMS,
         SEDIMENTS,
1162   CHINA, OIL SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  FISHERIES, PLANKTON,  MONITORING,  "HONG KONG,
1056   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, MONITORING, CRUDE OIL, FISH, "EELS,  "BIO-INDICATORS,
1091   CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS, MARINE ORGANISMS,  SEDIMENTS,
         SPECTROSCOPY,  PUGET  SOUND,  WASHINGTON,
1095   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS, EXTRACTION,  SOLVENTS,  SPECTROMETRY,
1098   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CARCINOGENS, PAH, CRUDE  OIL, SPECTROMETRY,
1100   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS, MOLLUSKS,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,  "SOXHLET
         EXTRACTION, "SAPONIFICATION,
1102   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  HYDROCARBONS,  SEDIMENTS,
         PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  COASTS,  FLORIDA,
1103   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CRUDE OIL, WEATHERING,
1101   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS, WASTEWATERS,  "GASOLINE FRACTIONS,
1106   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, HYDROCARBONS, DECOMPOSITION,
1109   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PAH,  EXTRACTION, "FLUORESCENCE,
1110   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  "HYDROCARBON
         MEASUREMENTS,
1117  •CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PAH, LAKES, SEDIMENTS,  SPECTROMETRY,
1121   CHROMATOGRAPHY, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SPECTROSCOPY,
         SEDIMENTS,  LAKES, "FLUORESCENCE,
1123   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CRUDE OIL,  HYDROCARBONS,
1126   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, PAH,  SOURCES, SPECTROMETRY,
         SEDIMENTS,  "AQUATIC  ENVIRONMENT,
1129   CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, "TAR  BALLS, SAMPLING,  CRUDE
         OIL, WEATHERING, ISRAEL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,
1130   CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  OIL  SPILLS,  CRUDE  OIL,
         SPECTROSCOPY,  SPECTROMETRY,  "US BUREAU OF MINES,
1352   CHRONIC EFFECTS,  NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS,  SANTA BARBARA

1353   CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, API,  CRUDE OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, PLATFORMS,
         NATUR Al  SEEPAGF
1368   CHRONIC EFFECTS,  ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY,  CRUSTACEANS,  "CANCER
                                             313

-------
         MAGISTER DANA,  *WATER SOLUBLE FRACTION,
1770  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BERING SEA,  ALASKA,  ACUTE  EFFECTS,  HYDROCARBONS,  TOXICITY,  FISH,
1384  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIRDS, ACUTE EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION,  WILDLIFE,
mOO  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  API, CRUDE OIL,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  PLATFORMS,
         NATURAL SEEPAGE,
1407  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
1414  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
         'METABOLISM,
1424  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  FUEL  OIL, OIL SPILLS, TOXICITY,  MOLLUSKS,  INTERTIDAL
         ZONE, *HONG  KONG,
1128  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  CONTAMINATION,  FISHERIES,  JAPAN,  'TOKYO BAY, «SETO INLAND SEA,
1505  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BERING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  ACUTE EFFECTS,
         MONITORING,  MARINE ORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,  COASTS,
1595  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ACUTE  EFFECTS,  OIL 'DISCHARGES, FATE,  MARINE
         ORGANISMS,  NORTH  SEA,
1243  COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  FILTRATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
         PATENT,
1245  COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS,
1246  COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
1248  COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DISPERSIONS, PATENT, «BROMINATED POLYETHYLENE
         GRANULES,
1251  COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  REFINERIES,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOCCULATION,
         FLOTATION,  'OZONATION,
1257  COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  PATENT,  *METAL
         CATALYSTS,
1269  COALESCENCE, EMULSIONS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION, PATENT,
1274  COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
1275  COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  HYDROCARBONS,  DISPERSIONS, PATENT,
1281  COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS, FLOTATION, FILTRATION, PATENT, 'MAGNETIC
         POWDER,
1292  COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS, 'FIBROUS BED COALESCERS,
1300  COALESCENCE, BILGES,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  *PEAT,
1569  COALESCENCE, BEHAVIOR, CRUDE OIL, SPREADING, EMUSIFICATION, ICE,  RIVERS,
1015  COASTS, BIRDS,  OIL SLICKS,  CONTAMINATION, PESTORATION,  ENGLAND,
1034  COASTS, BASELINE  STUDIES, MONITORING, CONTAMINANTS,  HYDROCARBONS,  MEDITERRANEAN SEA,
         •POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
1037  COASTS, MONITORING,  CONTAMINANTS, ESTUARIES, 'METHODS,  'INDICATOR ORGANISMS,
1038  COASTS, BASELINE  STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING, 'STREAMFLOW, ESTUARIES, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  OIL  SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
1059  COASTS, BASELINE  STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING, 'WIND CONDITIONS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         FATE, CONTAMINANTS,
1070  COASTS, BEAUFORT  SEA, MONITORING, TAR,  SOURCES, DISTRIBUTION,
1080  COASTS, REMOTE  SENSING, OIL SPILLS, DETECTION,  MODELS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, 'LINEAR
         PROGRAMMING,
1102  COASTS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, HYDROCARBONS,
         SEDIMENTS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, FLORIDA,
1116  COASTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, CONTAMINANTS, HYDROCARBONS, GERMANY, EAST,
         'SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, 'COLORIMETRY,
1173  COASTS, CANADA, SPILL CLEANUP, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, RESTORATION,
1385  COASTS, CANADA, BACTERIA, TOXICITY, CRUDE OIL,  FUEL OIL, 'GLUCOSE UPTAKE,
1421  COASTS, WASTEWATERS,  INDUSTRIES, HYDROCARBONS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  ECOSYSTEMS,
1464  COASTS, BASELINE  STUDIES, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  'COASTAL IMPACTS,
1470  COASTS, BIRDS,  ALASKA, OIL  FIELDS,  DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  PRUDHOE
         BAY, 'TUNDRA WETLANDS,
1471  COASTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT  SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, HABITAT,
         MARINE ORGANISMS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1505  COASTS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BERING  SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  ACUTE EFFECTS,
         MONITORING,  MARINE ORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION,  INTERTIDAL ZONE,
1517  COASTS, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
         'CONFERENCES,  'COASTAL IMPACTS,
1526  COASTS, OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION,  EXTRACTION, FATE,  HYDROCARBONS, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,
         'PRODUCED WATERS,
1535  COASTS, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  PORTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  NEW
         JERSEY, DELAWARE,
1550  COASTS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, HYDROCARBONS, MONITORING,
1560  COASTS, BLACK  SEA, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, 'COASTAL WATERS, SEDIMENTS, USSR,
1574  COASTS, ARCTIC  OCEAN, ALASKA, OIL SPILLS, ICE,  'OIL-ICE INTERACTION,
1592  COASTS, BEAUFORT  SEA, OIL SLICKS, MOVEMENT, 'IMPACT LOCATIONS,
1615  COASTS, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  HARBORS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SHIPS, LIABILITY,
         COMPENSATION,  IMCO,
1631  COASTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ESTUARIES,  CONTAMINATION,
1527  COLORADO,  OIL SHALE,  EXTRACTION, EIS, SOLID WASTES, DISPOSAL, RESTORATION,
1327  COMPENSATION, OIL  SPILLS, LIABILITY,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP,
         ^CONGRP*^ ^TON AI  PTI I
1601  COMPENSATION, REGULATIONS,  LEGISLATION,  SPILL CLEANUP, STATE GOVERNMENTS, OIL
                                           314

-------
         TRANSFER, NEW JERSEY,
1601  COMPENSATION, LEGISLATION, US, LIABILITY, SPILL CLEANUP,
1608  COMPENSATION, LEGISLATION, OIL DISCHARGES, LIABILITY, US, STATE GOVERNMENTS,
         •NAVIGABLE WATERS,
1615  COMPENSATION, COASTS, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, HARBORS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SHIPS,
         LIABILITY, IMCO,
1316  CONSERVATION, WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, UK,
1031  CONTAMINANTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, *OCEAN CURRENTS, OCS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, FATE,
1034  CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,
         •POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
1037  CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, MONITORING, ESTUARIES, 'METHODS, "INDICATOR ORGANISMS,
1046  CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, CRUSTACEANS, COST ANALYSIS, *MUSSELS, "BARNACLES,
1053  CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING, DETECTION, »OIL-IN-WATER, PATENT,
1059  CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING, "WIND CONDITIONS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, FATE,
1060  CONTAMINANTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, *OCEAN CURRENTS, FATE,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1066  CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING, POLLUTION PREVENTION, *UN,
1068  CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING, CRUDE OIL, FUEL OIL, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT,
         •OPTICAL SENSOR,
1073  CONTAMINANTS, BALTIC SEA, REMOTE SENSING, *WIND EFFECTS, »WAVE EFFECTS,
1101  CONTAMINANTS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS, *WATER
         POLLUTANTS,
1107  CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CARCINOGENS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  "ORGANIC
         POLLUTANTS,
1111  CONTAMINANTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SPECTROMETRY, 'POLLUTANT CLASSIFICATION,
         •COMPUTER-SPECTROMETER SYSTEM,
1116  CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, ANALYTICAL -TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS,  GERMANY,  EAST,
         'SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, *COLORIMETRY,
1166  CONTAMINANTS, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT,
1242  CONTAMINANTS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, DISPOSAL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
1219  CONTAMINANTS, ABSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES, *PEAT MOSS,
1290  CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, DISPOSAL,  REFINERIES,
1372  CONTAMINANTS, BEHAVIOR, TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, »SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
1375  CONTAMINANTS, FUEL OIL, HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY, *FUEL ADDITIVES,
1432  CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  'PHYSIOLOGICAL
         RESPONSE,
1452  CONTAMINANTS, BALTIC SEA, ECOSYSTEMS, HYDROCARBONS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
1459  CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, REGULATIONS,  *BOOK
         REVIEW,
1500  CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE
         MAMMALS, FOOD WEB, "ECOLOGY, »HARBOR SEAL,
1585  CONTAMINANTS, MODELS, FATE, MOVEMENT, OFFSHORE DRILLING, PRUDHOE  BAY,  *OCEAN
         CIRCULATION, 'POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
1597  CONTAMINANTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, »OCEAN CIRCULATION, OCS,  FATE,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,
1012  CONTAMINATION, BIRDS, MONITORING, UK, 'BIRD MORTALITY,
1015  CONTAMINATION, -COASTS, BIRDS, OIL SLICKS, RESTORATION, ENGLAND,
1016  CONTAMINATION, SOURCES, HYDROCARBONS, WASTEWATERS, ITALY, »GULF OF TRIESTE,
1018  CONTAMINATION, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL TRANSFER, OIL SPILLS, PORTS, SHORELINES, ISRAEL,
         'EILAT OIL TERMINAL,
1024  CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS, FUEL OIL, FISHERIES, MASSACHUSETTS, *BUZZARDS BAY,
         'SHELLFISH RESOURCES,
1028  CONTAMINATION, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, INDUSTRIES, SOURCES, ECONOMIC  EFFECTS,
         INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
1041  CONTAMINATION, MONITORING, GROUNDWATER, SPILL CLEANUP, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
1052  CONTAMINATION, MONITORING, METABOLISM,  MOLLUSKS, ESTUARIES, HYDROCARBONS, "ADENYLATE
         ENERGY CHARGE, "ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS,
1084  CONTAMINATION, BEACHES, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS, REFINERIES, SEDIMENTS,
1108  CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SEDIMENTS, PORTS, OCEANS, PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  USSR,
1181  CONTAMINATION, SOIL, "OIL REMOVAL, 'DETERGENTS,
1198  CONTAMINATION, BIRDS, RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS, TORREY CANYON, OLYMPIC  GAMES  SPILL,  ,
1279  CONTAMINATION, WASTE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PETROCHEMICALS, REFINING,  RIVERS,  USSR,
1379  CONTAMINATION, BIRDS, BALTIC SEA, STATISTICS, "MORTALITY,
1384  CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIRDS,  ACUTE EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL,  WILDLIFE,
1401  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CRUDE OIL,
1405  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, "METABOLIC INTERACTIONS,
1406  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OCEANS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, FOOD WEB, PHYTOPLANKTON,
1425  CONTAMINATION, BIRDS, BALTIC SEA, CRUDE OIL, STATISTICS, "MORTALITY,  "GDANSK BAY,
1428  CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, FISHERIES, JAPAN,  »TOKYO BAY, «SETO INLAND SEA,
1431  CONTAMINATION, FISH, "TEMPERATURE EFFECTS, "STURGEONS,
1441  CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, GROUNDWATER, OIL TANKS, USSR,
1442  CONTAMINATION, OIL INDUSTRY, HYDROCARBONS, DISPERSANTS, "AQUATIC  POLLUTION,
1446  CONTAMINATION, OCEANS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, WATER QUALITY, OFFSHORE  EXPLORATION,
                                            315

-------
 1UU9  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL DISCHARGES, SHIPS, TANKERS, FATE, DISPERSANTS,
 11(57  CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS,  REFINERIES, DISPERSANTS, TOXICITY, MONITORING, "BOOK REVIEW,
 1U60  CONTAMINATION, RIVERS, WASTE OIL,  TANKERS,  OIL TRANSFER,  IRAO, *SHATT AL-ARAB,
 146^  CONTAMINATION, CRUDE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
 11166  CONTAMINATION, WATER QUALITY, FLORIDA COAST,  *HUMAN IMPACT, *EISCAYNE BAY,
 1502  CONTAMINATION, ALASKA, MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, HABITAT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         •SEA OTTERS,
 1508  CONTAMINATION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, FISHERIES, FRANCE,
 1571  CONTAMINATION, CALIFORNIA,  GROUNDWATER, WASTEWATER DISPOSAL, SPREADING,
 1579  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FUEL OIL,
         FATE, MARINE ORGANISMS,  NOAA,
 1581  CONTAMINATION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FUEL OIL, FATE, MARINE ORGANISMS,
         FISHERIES, MODELS, MOVEMENT, NOAA,
 1589  CONTAMINATION, BIODEGRADATION, RIVERS, SEDIMENTS, *PARRAMATTA RIVER, *MUDS,
 1593  CONTAMINATION, BERING SEA,  "CIRCULATION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, FOOD WEB, FISHERIES,
         •BRISTOL BAY,
 1628  CONTAMINATION, BIRDS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, WILDLIFE, MARINE ORGANISMS, "ENDANGERED SPECIES,
         •HATER POLLUTION,
 1631  CONTAMINATION, COASTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ESTUARIES,
 1072  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA, REMOTE SENSING,  OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, FATE, OIL
         SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
 1226  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL,  TANKERS, SAFETY, LIABILITY, USCG,
         MEXICO/GULF OF, *FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE,
 1322  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, OIL SPILLS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, LIABILITY, »LEGAL
         RESPONSIBILITIES,
 1324  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, OIL DISCHARGES, LEGISLATION, US, SPILL CLEANUP, SURVEILLANCE,
         DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1331  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL DISCHARGES, REGULATIONS, EPA, DRILLING,
         •NAVIGABLE WATERS,
 1363  CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  FUEL  OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, TROPICAL REGIONS, INTERTIDAL
         ZONE,
 1369  CORALS, ACUTE EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, RED SEA, *HETEROXENIA FUSCESCENS,
 1380  CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  CRUDE  OIL, *GROWTH, *GREAT BARRIER REEF,
 1016  COST ANALYSIS, CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, CRUSTACEANS, 'MUSSELS, *BARNACLES,
 1205  COST ANALYSIS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  TANKERS,  SEGREGATED BALLAST, REGULATIONS, USCG,
         ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,
 1222  COST ANALYSIS, OIL TRANSFER, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  MODELS,  SPREADING,
 1271  COST ANALYSIS, WASTE OIL DISPOSAL,  SPILL DISPOSAL, STORAGE, USCG,
 1276  COST ANALYSIS, SLUDGE, SOLID WASTES, DISPOSAL, INCINERATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1580  COST ANALYSIS, MODELS, OIL  SPILLS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, NORTH SEA, 'COMPUTER
         SIMULATION,
 1610  COST ANALYSIS, LEGISLATION,  US, PORTS, TANKERS, OIL TRANSPORT, LIABILITY, »DEEPWATER
         PORT ACT,
 1118  CRANKCASE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  WASTEWATERS, DETECTION, HYDROCARBONS, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, NEW YORK,
 1056  CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  MONITORING, FISH, »EELS, "BIO-INDICATORS,
 1063  CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, MONITORING, SEDIMENTS,  UPTAKE, RELEASE, INTERTIDAL ZONE, *PORT
         VALDEZ,
 1068  CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING, FUEL OIL, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT,
         •OPTICAL SENSOR,
 1098  CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  CARCINOGENS, PAH, SPECTROMETRY,
 1103  CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  WEATHERING,
 1119  CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, API,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
 1123  CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, HYDROCARBONS,
 1125  CRUDE OIL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  "LUMINESCENCE CONTOUR SPECTRA,
 1127  CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, "FLUOROMETRY,
 1129  CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SAMPLING, "TAR
         BALLS, WEATHERING, ISRAEL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,
 1130  CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGPAPHY,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS,
         SPECTROSCOPY, SPSCTROMETRY, *US  BUREAU OF MINES,
 1131  CRUDE OIL, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  PAH, HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTS, SOIL, PETROLEUM
         PRODUCTS,
 1185  CRUDE OIL, ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, «SORBENTS,
 1188  CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, SPILL RECOVERY,  SKIMMERS,  FRESHWATER,  ICE, '"LOCKHEED CLEAN SWEEP,
 1208  CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  EIS, *SALT DOMES, »TANK FARMS,  "STRATEGIC
         PETROLEUM  RESERVE,
 1209  CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  EIS, LOUISIANA, "BAYOU CHOCTAW  SALT DOME,
 1210  CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  EIS, OIL TRANSPORT, WATER QUALITY, *BRYAN
         MOUND SALT DOMES,
1211  CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  EIS, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS,  KENTUCKY,
         •CENTRAL ROCK MINE,
1212  CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIPONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  EIS, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS,  LOUISIANA,
         •COTE BLANCHE MINE,
1213  CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  EIS, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS,  OHIO,
                                             316

-------
         *IRONTON MINE,
1214   CRUDE OIL,  STORAGE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, TEXAS,
         *KLEER MINE,
1215   CRUDE OIL,  STORAGE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, LOUISIANA,
         •WEEKS ISLAND MINE,
1216   CRUDE OIL,  STORAGE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, OIL TRANSPORT, WATER QUALITY, »WEST
         HACKBERRY SALT DOME,
1217   CRUDE OIL,  STORAGE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, FEA, 'STRATEGIC PETROLEUM
         RESERVE,
1225   CRUDE OIL,  ALASKA,  SPILL DISPOSAL, STORAGE, FUEL OIL,
1325   CRUDE OIL,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP, FRANCE, *POLMAR PLAN,
1329   CRUDE OIL,  FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL
         TRANSPORT, SPILL CLEANUP, NORTH SEA,
1351   CRUDE OIL,  DISPERSIONS, FUEL OIL, TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, *OYSTER, *CRASSOSTREA, VIRGINICA,
1353   CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, API, MARINE ORGANISMS, PLATFORMS,
         NATURAL SEEPAGE,
1356   CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ARCTIC, ALGAE, ALASKA, PLANTS, *LICHENS,
1366   CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, WASTE OIL, *CLAMS, *MEPCENARIA,
1368   CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, CRUSTACEANS, *CANCER
         MAGISTEH DANA,  "WATER SOLUBLE FRACTION,
1369   CRUDE OIL,  CORALS, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, RED SEA, »HETEROXENIA FUSCESCENS,
1380   CRUDE OIL,  CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "GROWTH, "GREAT BARRIER REEF,
1382   CRUDE OIL,  BACTERIA, "REFINED OIL, TOXICITY, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, WEATHERING,
1384   CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIRDS, ACUTE EFFECTS, WILDLIFE,
1385   CRUDE OIL,  COASTS, CANADA, BACTERIA, TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, "GLUCOSE UPTAKE,
1388   CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS, "LARVAE, "OXYGEN UPTAKE , "MERETRIX LUSORIA,
1389   CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PHYTOPLANKTON, MARSHES, "ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS, "DIATOMS,
1391   CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, "AMPHIPODS,
1393   CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, DI3PERSANTS, POLYCHAETES, UK, "ARENICOLA MARINA L,
         "MILFORD HAVEN,
139«   CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, WASTE OIL, SOIL, FUNGI,
1395   CRUDE OIL,  ALASKA, TOXICITY, FISH, "LIVER AND SKIN TISSUES,
1400   CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, API, MARINE ORGANISMS, PLATFORMS,
         NATURAL SEEPAGE,
1401   CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
1403   CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, ECHINODERMS, "SAND DOLLARS,
1409   CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, ARCTIC, CRUSTACEANS, SEDIMENTS, "AMPHIPODS,
         "ISOPODS,
1410   CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, MARINE ORGANISMS, INVERTEBRATES,
         METABOLISM,             <
1411   CRUDE OIL,  ARCTIC, TOXICITY, INVERTEBRATES, "AMPHIPOD, "COELENTERATE,
1414   CRUDE OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS,
         METABOLISM,
1415   CRUDE OIL,  ALASKA, FUEL OIL, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, "RESPIRATION RATE, "ONCORHYNCHUS
         GORBUSCHA,
1419   CRUDE OIL,  ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, FISH, FISHERIES, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  "PACIFIC HERRING,
1420   CRUDE OIL,  ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, MARINE MAMMALS, "RINGED SEALS,
1423   CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, "CLAMS, »MYA ARENARIA,
1425   CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION, BIRDS, BALTIC SEA, STATISTICS, "MORTALITY, "GDANSK BAY,
1426   CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, MOLLUSKS, SEDIMENTS, "CLAMS, "INDICATOR
         SPECIES, "MACOMA BALTHICA,
1430   CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, EMULSIONS, DISPERSANTS, MOLLUSKS, UK,
1435   CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS, "CLAMS,
1436   CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MOLLUSKS, "CLAMS,
1448   CRUDE OIL,  SEDIMENTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, RELEASE, MICROORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS, "TRACE METALS,
1454   CRUDE OIL, METULA SPILL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF,
1463   CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
1544   CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISMS, MARSHES, ESTUARIES,
1547   CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION, ARCTIC, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, CRUSTACEANS,
         MONITORING, "AMPHIPODS,
1553   CRUDE OIL  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, BEAUFORT SEA, MICROORGANISMS, SAMPLING,
1554   CRUDE OIL  BIODEGRADATION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, HYDROCARBONS, MICROORGANISMS,  SAMPLING,
1556   CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BEACHES, MICROORGANISMS, OXIDATION, "BEACH GRAVEL,
1561   CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF OF,
         ACUTE EFFECTS, UPTAKE, METABOLISM,
1563   CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, ATLANTIC COAST, MICROORGANISMS, SAMPLING, OFFSHORE
         DRILLING, "OIL DEVELOPMENT SITES,
1568   CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS, ESTUARIES,
1569   CRUDE OIL, COALESCENCE, BEHAVIOR, SPREADING, EMUSIFICATION, ICE, RIVERS,
1572   CRUDE OIL* OIL SPILLS, MODELS, EVAPORATION, SOLUTION, HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY,

1594   CRUDE OIL| ARCTIC, ICE, MONITORING, SPREADING, MOVEMENT, WEATHERING, SPILL CLEANUP,
1620   CRUDE OIL,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL TRANSFER, TANKERS, SAFETY, GUIDELINES,  "TERMINALS,
                                            317

-------
1046
1051
1358

1377
1391
1396

1409

1517

1106
1577
1535

1041
1042
1045
1050
1065

1068

1069
1074
1075
1081
11 10

1120

1132
1133
1135
1136
1138
1139
1  140
1141
1144
1148
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1158
1165
1166
1167
1169
1170
1178
1179
1180
1184
1185
1186
1189
1195
1196
1204
1230
1231
1233
1235

1240

1243

1246
1253
CRUSTACEANS, COST ANALYSIS, CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, *MUSSELS, *BA-RNACLES,
CRUSTACEANS, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, SEAWATER, "MOTOR BEHAVIOR,
CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, *CANCER
   MAGISTER DANA, "WATER SOLUBLE FRACTION,
CRUSTACEANS, HYDROCARBONS, UPTAKE,  RELEASE, METABOLISM, FISH, "LABELED N-ALKANES,
CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, "AMPHIPODS,
CRUSTACEANS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, UPTAKE, RELEASE,
   "BIOTRANSFORMATION,
CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BENTHOS, ARCTIC, SEDIMENTS, »AMPHIPODS,
   "ISOPODS,
CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, ARCTIC, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY,
   MONITORING, *AMPHIPODS,
DECOMPOSITION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, HYDROCARBONS,
DECOMPOSITION, OIL SLICKS, HYDROCARBONS, 'PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION,
DELAWARE, COASTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE IMPACTS, PORTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC
   EFFECTS, NEW JERSEY,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTAMINATION,  MONITORING, GROUNDWATER, SPILL CLEANUP,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BALLAST, MONITORING, OIL SLICKS, TANKERS, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, MONITORING,- OIL SLICKS, *SPILL TRACKING BUOY,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, MONITORING, OFFSHORE DRILLING, PATENT, *OIL-IN-WATER,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, MONITORING, FUEL OIL, DETECTION, SHIPS, *OIL-IN-WATER
   DETECTOR,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING, FUEL OIL, DETECTION, PATENT,
   •OPTICAL SENSOR,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, MONITORING, OIL SLICKS, PATENT, *LIGHT SENSOR,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, SURVEILLANCE,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, DETECTION, OCEANS,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SAMPLING, OIL SLICKS, SURFACTANTS, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS, "HYDROCARBON
   MEASUREMENTS,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, HYDROCARBONS, DISPERSIONS, "PETROLEUM BIOASSAY, "CONTINUOUS  FLOW
   SYSTEM,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, TANKERS,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT, "FENDING DEVICE,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, ABSORPTION, SPILL CONTAINMENT, HYDROCARBONS, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, ADSORPTION, SPILL CONTAINMENT, HYDROCARBONS, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, OIL SLICKS, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY, "FERROMAGNETIC FOAM,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, HASTE OIL, FUELS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SKIMMERS,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, "DYNAMIC INCLINED PLANE SKIMMER,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SOUTH AFRICA, "SALVAGE TUG, POLLUTION CONTROL, SPILL CLEANUP,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SOUTH AFRICA, "SALVAGE TUG, POLLUTION CONTROL, SPILL CLEANUP,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ABSORPTION, SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, "UNDERWATER FISSURES,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, "SORBSNT BROADCASTER,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTAMINANTS, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, "OELA-III SKIMMER,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, "OIL MOP RIGGING SYSTEM,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, "GUIDED JET,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SKIMMERS, SHIPS, PATENT, "WAVE DAMPING DEVICE,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CRUDE OIL, ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY, "SORBENTS,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, "SLURP WEIR SKIMMER,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, "FLEXIBLE FLOATING PIPE,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ARCTIC, OIL TRANSFER, SHIPS, "PUMPS, "ADAPTS,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  SHIPS,  REFINERIES,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATERS, INLAND, SKIMMERS,  "AFL
   INDUSTRIES,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SLUDGE, REFINERIES, INCINERATION, DISPOSAL,  "FLUID  BED
   INCINERATION,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  FILTRATION.
   PATENT,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS,
DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTATION, "AERATION,  "WEMCO  HYDROCLEANER,
                                            318

-------
1256  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION, PATENT
1257  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, PATENT, "METAL
         CATALYSTS,
1266  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, FILTRATION. PH CONTROL, PATENT,
1274  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
12-76  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COST ANALYSIS, SLUDGE, SOLID WASTES, DISPOSAL, INCINERATION,
1278  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT,
1308  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, RECLAMATION, WASTE OIL, INDUSTRIES
1318  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
1324  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, OIL DISCHARGES, LEGISLATION, US, SPILL
         CLEANUP, SURVEILLANCE,
1347  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS, REGULATIONS, SAFETY, INFORMATION
         SYSTEMS, "OCEAN TECHNOLOGY,
1551  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, OIL SLICKS, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT,
1044  DETECTION, MONITORING, LEAKAGE, PIPELINES, PATENT, *MOEILE RECEIVER,
1049  DETECTION, BILGES, BALLAST, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING, SPECTROMETRY, WASTE
         OIL, 'SUMMING LUMINESCENCE SPECTROMETSY,
1053  DETECTION, CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING, "OIL-IN-WATER, PATENT,
1065  DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, MONITORING, FUEL OIL, SHIPS,  »OIL-IN-WATER
         DETECTOR,
1068  DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING,  FUEL OIL, PATENT,
         "OPTICAL SENSOR,
1071  DETECTION, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, USGS, *LANDSAT IMAGERY,
1075  DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, OCEANS,
1079  DETECTION, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, "LASERS, OCEANS,
1080  DETECTION, COASTS, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SPILLS, MODELS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, "LINEAR
         PROGRAMMING,
1097  DETECTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATERS, "OIL TRACES, "ADSORPTION  POLAROGRAPHY,
1112  DETECTION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, SEAWATER, "NAPHTHENIC ACIDS,
1118  DETECTION, CRANKCASE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATERS, HYDROCARBONS, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, NEW YORK,
1331  DETECTION, LEAKAGE, PIPELINES, PATENT, "ACOUSTIC LEAK DETECTION,
1337  DETECTION, BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, DISPOSAL,
         "EQUIPMENT EVALUATION,
1340  DETECTION, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, SPILL CLEANUP, DISPOSAL, "ARCTIC MARINE OIL SPILL
         PROGRAM,
1227  DEVELOPMENT, ALASKA, PIPELINES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, LEGISLATION,
         LIABILITY,
1294  DEVELOPMENT, CANADA, TAR SANDS, WASTEWATER DISPOSAL, WATER QUALITY,
1470  DEVELOPMENT, COASTS, BIRDS, ALASKA, OIL FIELDS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, PRUDHOE
         BAY, "TUNDRA WETLANDS,
1509  DEVELOPMENT, OIL INDUSTRY, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
1521  DEVELOPMENT, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, US, OIL SHALE,
1537  DEVELOPMENT, OIL SHALE, PRODUCTION, ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
1538  DEVELOPMENT, OIL SHALE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, "RESEARCH PROGRAMS,
1543  DEVELOPMENT, OIL SHALE, ECONOMICS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
1150  DISPERSANTS, SOUTH AFRICA, SPILL CLEANUP, TOXICITY,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
1159  DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, EMULSIONS, SURFACTANTS,  PATENT,
1163  DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, TOXICITY, ENGLAND,
1393  DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, POLYCHAETES, UK, "ARENICOLA MARINA L,
         "MILFORD HAVEN,
1430  DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, EMULSIONS, MOLLUSKS, UK,
1433  DISPERSANTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, FISH, SOLVENTS, "FISH LARVAE,
1442  DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION, OIL INDUSTRY, HYDROCARBONS, "AQUATIC POLLUTION,
141*9  DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL DISCHARGES, SHIPS, TANKERS,  FATE,
1453  DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, UROUIOLA SPILL, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         SPAIN
1457  DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS, REFINERIES,  TOXICITY, MONITORING, "BOOK REVIEW,
1078  DISPERSIONS, REMOTE SENSING, WASTEWATERS, ESTUARIES, OCS, "CURRENT CIRCULATION,
1120  DISPERSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, HYDROCARBONS, "PETROLEUM BIOASSAY,  "CONTINUOUS FLOW
         SYSTEM,
1187  DISPERSIONS, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, "ASBESTOS MINE WASTES,
1248  DISPERSIONS, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT, "BROMINATED  POLYETHYLENE
         GRANULES,
1275  DISPERSIONS, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, HYDROCARBONS, PATENT,         ,„.„„,.„,„„
1351  DISPERSIONS  CRUDE OIL, FUEL OIL, TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, "OYSTER, "CRASSOSTREA, VIRGINICA,
1562  DISPERSIONS  BIODSGRADATION, BACTERIA, OIL SPILLS, FATE, EMULSIFICATION, WEATHERING,
1582  DISPERSIONS; OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL SPILLS, FATE, EVAPORATION, SPILL RECOVERY, NORTH
         op«  KpiffiFT^K WFT L. PLiOWOUT
1587  DISPERSIONS, MODELS, FATE, OCEANS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, MARINE
         ORGANISMS,
1006  DISPOSAL,  WASTE OIL, ECONOMICS, HEALTH HAZARDS, UK,

1240  DISPOSAL'  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SLUDGE, REFINERIES, INCINERATION, "FLUID BED
         INCINERATION,
                                             319

-------
 1242  DISPOSAL, CONTAMINANTS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
 1250  DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL, SOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, RECLAMATION, ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
 1254  DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, »WASTE MANAGEMENT,
 1255  DISPOSAL. WASTE OIL TREATMENT, RECLAMATION, USN,
 1261  DISPOSAL, SLUDGE, REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "SLUDGE DEWATERING,
 1276  DISPOSAL, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COST ANALYSIS, SLUDGE, SOLID WASTES, INCINERATION,
 1288  DISPOSAL, WASTEWATERS, SOLID WASTES, INDUSTRIES, OIL INDUSTRY,
 1290  DISPOSAL, CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,
 1305  DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL, RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SLUDGE,
 1336  DISPOSAL, BEAUFORT SEA, BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL WELLS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
         RESTORATION,
 1337  DISPOSAL, DETECTION, BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING,
         •EQUIPMENT EVALUATION,
 1340  DISPOSAL, DETECTION, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, SPILL CLEANUP, "ARCTIC MARINE OIL SPILL
         PROGRAM,
 1496  DISPOSAL, OFFSHORE DRILLING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, "DRILLING
         WASTES
 1527  DISPOSAL,'COLORADO, OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, BIS, SOLID WASTES, RESTORATION,
 1032  DISTRIBUTION, BENTHOS, MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS, SEDIMENTS, UK, "SUBLITTORAL
         MACROFAUNA, *MILFORD HAVEN,
 1040  DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, OCS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "NATURALLY-OCCURRING HYDROCARBONS,
 1062  DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,  MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, FATE, OCS,
 1070  DISTRIBUTION, COASTS,  BEAUFORT SEA, MONITORING, TAR, SOURCES,
 1082  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC COAST, SAMPLING, MICROORGANISMS, SEAWATER,
         SEDIMENTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,
 1099  DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BENTHOS, HYDROCARBONS, OCS, TEXAS, MEXICO/GULF OF,
 1469  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING,
         ESTUARIES, FISHERIES, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
 147^  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MARINE MAMMALS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, "SPOTTED  SEAL,
 1471  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, HABITAT, ICE,
 1U75  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA/GULF OF, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE
         MAMMALS, "SEA LIONS, "ECOLOGY,  "TROPHIC STRUCTURE,
 1477  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,
 1479  DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,  'BASELINE STUDIES, ZOOPLANKTON, "MICRONEKTON,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1480  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, ZOOPLANKTON,
         MONITORING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1481  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING,
         PLANKTON, "ICHTHYOPLANKTON, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
 1482  DISTRIBUTION, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, PLANKTON,
 1484  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BENTHOS, ALASKA/GULF OF, "PRODUCTIVITY,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1485  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF,
         MONITORING, "PRODUCTIVITY, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1487  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MARINE MAMMALS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1488  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, OIL-GAS LEASING, OIL SPILLS, MARINE MAMMALS,
 1489  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         MARINE MAMMALS, "WHALES,
 1490  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         OIL-GAS LEASING, MARINE MAMMALS,
 1495  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         MARINE MAMMALS, OCS, "SEALS, "TROPHIC STRUCTURE,
 1498  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1501  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MARINE MAMMALS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "SEA OTTERS,
 1502  DISTRIBUTION, CONTAMINATION, ALASKA, MARINE MAMMALS, HABITAT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         "SEA OTTERS,
 1505  DISTRIBUTION, COASTS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF,
         ACUTE EFFECTS,  MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS, INTERTIDAL ZONE,
 1584  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS, FATE, HYDROCARBONS, MARSHES, METABOLISM,
         MARINE ORGANISMS, MASSACHUSETTS,
 1630  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BEAUFORT SEA, FISH, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,
1438  DRIFT,  OIL  SLICKS, FATE, OCEANS, "WAVE DAMPING, "WIND WAVE TUNNEL,
1570  DRIFT,  OIL  SLICKS, SPREADING, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, WEATHERING,
1600  DRIFT,  MODELS, OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, "COMPUTER MODELING,
1263  DRILLING, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, OIL  WELLS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, FLOCCULATION,
         PATENT,
                                            320

-------
1331

1504
1506
1403
1028

1217

1250
1316
1140
1508
1511
1006
1115
11U7

1207

1219

1239
1528
1537
1543
1421
1452
1493
1208

1209
1210

121 1

1212

1213

1214

1215

1216

1478
1512

1514

1524

1527
1596
1562
1193
1427
1159
1191
1228
1229
1232

1234
1237
1239
1245
1246
1252
1257

1258
DRILLING, CONTINGENCY.PLANNING, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL DISCHARGES, REGULATIONS
   EPA, 'NAVIGABLE WATERS,
DRILLING, ARCTIC, ACUTE EFFECTS, OIL WELLS, TOXICITY, FISH, "TROUT, "DRILLING MUDS,
DRILLING, OIL WELLS, TOXICITY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, FISH, "SALMON, "DRILLING MUDS,
ECHINODERMS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, "SAND DOLLARS,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, INDUSTRIES, SOURCES,
   INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, FEA, "STRATEGIC PETROLEUM
   RESERVE,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL, SOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, RECLAMATION,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONSERVATION, WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, UK,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, REFINERIES, KASTEWATERS, POLLUTION CONTROL, MODELS, "INDUSTRY COSTS,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, FISHERIES, FRANCE,
ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, SOCIAL EFFECTS,
ECONOMICS, DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL, HEALTH HAZARDS, UK,
ECONOMICS, MODELS, TANKERS, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, "OPTIMAL TANKER SIZE,
ECONOMICS, SPILL CLEANUP, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, SAFETY,
   NORTH SEA, NORWAY,
ECONOMICS, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL TRANSPORT, DCS, OIL SPILLS, STORAGE, TANKERS,
   PIPELINES, OIL TANKS, "RISK ANALYSIS,
ECONOMICS, TANKERS, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL DISCHARGES, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
   "SUPERTANKERS,
ECONOMICS, WASTSWATER TREATMENT, EMULSIONS, FILTRATION, "ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE,
ECONOMICS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, SAFETY, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT, OIL SHALE, PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT, OIL SHALE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
ECOSYSTEMS, COASTS, WASTEWATERS, INDUSTRIES, HYDROCARBONS, MARINE ORGANISMS,
ECOSYSTEMS, CONTAMINANTS, BALTIC SEA, HYDROCARBONS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
ECOSYSTEMS, BENTHOS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, PLANKTON, DCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, "SALT DOMES, "TANK FARMS, "STRATEGIC
   PETROLEUM RESERVE,
EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, LOUISIANA, "BAYOU CHOCTAW SALT DOME,
EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSPORT, WATER QUALITY,  "BRYAN
   MOUND SALT DOMES,
EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, KENTUCKY,
   "CENTRAL ROCK MINE,
EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, WATEH QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, LOUISIANA,
   "COTE BLANCHE MINE,
EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, OHIO,
   "IRONTON MINE,
EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, TEXAS,
   "KLEER MINE,
EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, LOUISIANA,
   "WEEKS ISLAND MINE,
EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSPORT, WATER QUALITY,  "WEST
   HACKBERRY SALT DOME,
EIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, OCS, "GEORGES BANK,
EIS, PORTS, REGULATIONS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL DISCHARGES, SAFETY,  "DEEPWATER
   PORT,
EIS, CALIFORNIA COAST, OIL-GAS LEASING, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE
   DEVELOPMENT,
EIS, BLM, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, OIL-GAS LEASING, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,
   FISHERIES, "GEORGES BANK,
EIS, DISPOSAL, COLORADO, OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, SOLID WASTES, RESTORATION,
EIS, ATLANTIC COAST, FATS, OIL TRANSPORT, OCS, "SUSPENDED MATTER,
EMULSIFICATION, DISPERSIONS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, OIL SPILLS, FATE, WEATHERING,
EMULSIFIERS, SOLVENTS, SURFACTANTS, TOXICITY, PHYTOPLANKTON,
EMULSIFIERS, TOXICITY, PHYTOPLANKTON, MARINE ORGANISMS,
EMULSIONS, DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, SURFACTANTS, PATENT,
EMULSIONS, ABSORPTION, PATENT, "POLYURETHANE FOAM CHIPS,
EMULSIONS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT, "DEMULSIFICATION,
EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SLUDGE,
EMULSIONS, BILGES, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, OIL TANKS, SPILL RECOVERY, "DEMULSIFYING
   AGENTS,
EMULSIONS, WASTE OIL DISPOSAL, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION,
EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PH CONTROL, PATENT, «ZN SALTS,
EMULSIONS, ECONOMICS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, FILTRATION, "ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE,
EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
EMULSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, FUELS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT,
EMULSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT, "METAL
   CATALYSTS
EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, "AERATION, FLOTATION, PATENT,

           mMiRh*mVm', ®tm^?imW°it*lMSt FIBERS, PATENT,
                                            321

-------
 1266  EMULSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTEWATEP TREATMENT, FILTRATION, PH CONTROL, PATENT,
 1269  EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION, PATENT,
 1273  EMULSIONS, BILGES, SHIPS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, *DEMULSIFICATION,
 1281  EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTATION, FILTRATION, PATENT, "MAGNETIC
         POWDER,
 1287  EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE, PH CONTROL, FLOTATION, COAGULATION, *AERATION,
 1291  EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OXIDATION, PATENT,
 1292  EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, 'FIBROUS BED COALESCERS,
 1299  EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTATION, SKIMMERS,
 1300  EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, BILGES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, *PEAT,
 1303  EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, REFINERIES, PATENT, "POLYVINYL
         CHLORIDE,
 1306  EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PH CONTROL, FLOTATION, PATENT,
 T430  EMULSIONS, DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, MOLLUSKS, UK,
 1015  ENGLAND, CONTAMINATION, COASTS, BIRDS, OIL SLICKS, RESTORATION,
 1163  ENGLAND, DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, TOXICITY,
 1315  ENGLAND, WASTE OIL, LUBRICATING OIL, RECYCLING,
 1021  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, STATISTICS, OIL SPILLS, JAPAN, "SETO INLAND SEA,
 1364  ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, OIL SPILLS, VEGETATION, WASHINGTON, *ALPINE MEADOW,
 1013  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FISHERIES, OLYMPIC GAMES SPILL,
 1022  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS, FISHERIES, SPILL CLEANUP,
         LIABILITY,
 1023  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, FUEL OIL, SPILL CLEANUP, MOVEMENT, JAPAN, "INLAND
         SEA,
 1025  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS, *LIBERIAN FLAG OF CONVENIENCE,
 1035  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, SEDIMENTS, MOLLUSKS, PUGET SOUND,
         OIL SPILLS, NOAA,
 1038  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING, *STREAMFLOW,
         ESTUARIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,
 1047  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, OCEANS, "CIRCULATION PATTERNS, OCS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1061  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF,
         MONITORING, "MARINE CLIMATOLOGY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1072  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA, REMOTE SENSING, OCS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, FATE, OIL SPILLS,
 1115  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, MODELS, TANKERS, OIL SPILLS, "OPTIMAL TANKER SIZE,
 1173  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, CANADA, SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION,
.1206  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSFER, PORTS, OIL  DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS, UK,
         "MILFORD HAVEN,
 1208  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE,  "SALT DOMES, "TANK FARMS, "STRATEGIC
         PETROLEUM RESERVE,
 1209  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE,  LOUISIANA, "BAYOU CHOCTAW SALT DOME,
 1210  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE,  OIL TRANSPORT, WATER QUALITY, "BRYAN
         MOUND SALT DOMES,
 1211  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE,  WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, KENTUCKY,
         "CENTRAL ROCK MINE,
 1212  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE,  WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, LOUISIANA,
         "COTE BLANCHE MINE,
 1213  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE,  WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, OHIO,
         "IRONTON MINE,
 1214  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE,  WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, TEXAS,
         "KLESR MINE,
 1215  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE,  WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS, LOUISIANA,
         "WEEKS ISLAND MINE,
 1216  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE,  OIL TRANSPORT, WATER QUALITY, "WEST
         HACKBSRRY SALT  DOME,
 1217  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, FEA, "STRATEGIC PETROLEUM
         RESERVE,
 1218  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, TANKERS, "VALDEZ NARROWS,
 1219  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, TANKERS, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL DISCHARGES, OIL SPILLS,
         "SUPERTANKERS,
 1222  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, OIL TRANSFER, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         SOCIO-ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, MODELS, SPREADING,
 1224  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, OIL TRANSPORT, TANKERS, PORTS, OIL SPILLS, "VALDEZ
         NARROWS,
 1227  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT, ALASKA, PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS, LEGISLATION
         LIABILITY,
 1250  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL, SOURCES, RECLAMATION
 1316  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONSERVATION, WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION  UK
 1329  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, FATE, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OFFSHORE DRILLING  OIL"
         TRANSPORT, SPILL CLEANUP, NORTH SEA,
1335  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL INDUSTRY, LEGISLATION, UK, MONITORING, OIL SPILLS,
         WASTEWATSRS,
1342  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, REFINING, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS,  OIL
         INDUSTRY,
                                            322

-------
         ORGANISMS,
1626  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1026  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, BALTIC SEA, UK, USSR, "JOINT UK/USSR COMMITTEE,
1048  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, MONITORING, OIL DISCHARGES, OIL INDUSTRY, GOVERNMENT
         AGENCIES,
1147  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ECONOMICS, SPILL CLEANUP, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, SAFETY,
         NORTH SEA, NORWAY,
1205  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, COST ANALYSIS, POLLUTION CONTROL, TANKERS, SEGREGATED
         BALLAST  , REGULATIONS, USCG,
1470  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DEVELOPMENT, COASTS, BIRDS, ALASKA, OIL FIELDS, PRUDHOE
         BAY, "TUNDRA WETLANDS,
1528  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ECONOMICS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1606  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, LEGISLATION, US, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL-GAS LEASING,
         ONSHORE  IMPACTS, "OCS LANDS ACT AMENDMENTS,
1122  EPA, SPILL  CLEANUP, US, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, USCG, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
1331  EPA, DRILLING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL DISCHARGES,
         REGULATIONS, "NAVIGABLE WATERS,
1609  EPA, LEGISLATION, US, WATER QUALITY, PRODUCTION, "UNDERGROUND INJECTION,
1037  ESTUARIES,  CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, MONITORING, "METHODS, "INDICATOR ORGANISMS,
1038  ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING,
         "STREAMFLOW, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,
1052  ESTUARIES,  CONTAMINATION, MONITORING, METABOLISM, MOLLUSKS, HYDROCARBONS, "ADENYLATE
         ENERGY CHARGE, "ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS,
1078  ESTUARIES,  DISPERSIONS, REMOTE SENSING, WASTEWATERS, OCS, "CURRENT CIRCULATION,
1085  ESTUARIES,  ALABAMA, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTS, OCS, OIL SPILLS, TOXICITY,
         MISSISSIPPI,
1349  ESTUARIES,  OIL SPILLS, DELAWARE RIVER, TOXICITY, FISH, "CORINTHOS SPILL,
1469  ESTUARIES,  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         MONITORING, FISHERIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1544  ESTUARIES,  CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISMS, MARSHES,
1565  ESTUARIES,  BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, HYDROCARBONS, METABOLISM,  "CYCLOHEXANE,
1568  ESTUARIES,  CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,
1631  ESTUARIES,  CONTAMINATION, COASTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
1616  EUROPE, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, REGULATIONS,  LIABILITY,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA,
1223  EVAPORATION, OIL TRANSPORT, PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS, LEAKAGE, FATE,  SPREADING, MODELS,
         "IGNITION HAZARDS,
1572  EVAPORATION, CRUDE OIL, OIL SPILLS, MODELS, SOLUTION, HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY,
1582  EVAPORATION, DISPERSIONS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL SPILLS,  FATE,  SPILL RECOVERY,  NORTH
         SEA, "EKOFISK WELL BLOWOUT,
1095  EXTRACTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS,  SOLVENTS,  SPECTROMETRY,
1105  EXTRACTION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION,
         SOLVENTS,
1109  EXTRACTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PAH, "FLUORESCENCE,
1526  EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, FATE,  HYDROCARBONS,
         "PRODUCED WATERS,
1527  EXTRACTION, EIS, DISPOSAL, COLORADO, OIL SHALE, SOLID WASTES,  RESTORATION,
1031  FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, "OCEAN  CURRENTS,  OCS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1059  FATE, CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING,  "WIND CONDITIONS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1060  FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING,  "OCEAN CURRENTS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1062  FATE, DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, OCS,
1072  FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA, REMOTE SENSING,  OCS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,
1083  FATE, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS, OCEANS,
1203  FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL DISCHARGES,  SOURCES,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
         FISHERIES, PACIFIC OCEAN,
1223  FATE, EVAPORATION, OIL TRANSPORT, PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS,  LEAKAGE,  SPREADING, MODELS,
         "IGNITION HAZARDS,
1329 'FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OFFSHORE  DRILLING,  OIL
         TRANSPORT, SPILL CLEANUP, NORTH SEA,
1438  FATE, DRIFT, OIL SLICKS, OCEANS, "WAVE DAMPING, "WIND WAVE TUNNEL,
1444  FATE  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  MARINfc'  ORGANISMS,
1449  FATE  DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL DISCHARGES,  SHIPS, TANKERS,
1459  FATE! ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  REGULATIONS,  "BOOK
         REVIEW
1526  FATE, EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  HYDROCARBONS,
         "PRODUCED WATERS,
1540  FATE  OIL WELLS, "SUBMARINE BLOWOUT SIMULATION, MODELS,  CONTAINMENT,
1562  FATE  EMULSIFICATION, .DISPERSIONS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  OIL SPILLS, WEATHERING,
1579  FATE,' CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN,  ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL,  FUEL
         OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS, NOAA,
1581  FATE, CONTAMINATION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FUEL  OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS,
                                            323

-------
 1355  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC COAST,  OIL SPILLS,  SHORELINES,  «WWII SPILLS,
 1357  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  PORTS,  OIL SPILLS,  WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
         UK, »MILFORD HAVEN,
 m6  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ARCTIC,  ALASKA,  OIL SPILLS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, *PRUDHOE BAY,
 1386  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC COAST,  OIL SPILLS,  WWII SPILLS,  TANKERS, MOVEMENT,
 1392  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  REFINERIES,  WASTEWATERS, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, PHYTOPLANKTON,  FRANCE,
 1446  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTAMINATION,  OCEANS,  HATER QUALITY,  OFFSHORE EXPLORATION,
 1448  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CRUDE  OIL, SEDIMENTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  RELEASE,
         MICROORGANISMS, "TRACE METALS,
 14*1  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL TRANSFER,  PORTS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, LEAKAGE, SPILL
         CLEANUP, UK, *MILFORD HAVEN,
 1U52  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS, CONTAMINANTS,  BALTIC SEA,  HYDROCARBONS,
 11453  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  URQUIOLA SPILL,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
         SPAIN,
 1451  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CRUDE  OIL, METULA SPILL,  MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF,
 1459  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CONTAMINANTS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, FATE,  REGULATIONS, *BOOK
         REVIEW,
 1461  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, SEDIMENTATION, OIL  SPILLS, *ANIMAL-SEDIMENT
         RELATIONSHIPS,
 1462  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CHINA,  OIL SPILLS,  FISHERIES,  PLANKTON,  MONITORING, "HONG KONG,
 1464  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,  OIL  SPILLS,  "COASTAL IMPACTS,
 1468  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  API, OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION,  PLATFORMS, MARINE  ORGANISMS, NATURAL
         SEEPAGE,
 1491  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, SEDIMENTS, MONITORING, DCS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1193  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS, BENTHOS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, PLANKTON, OCS,
 1496  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPOSAL, OFFSHORE  DRILLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, "DRILLING
         WASTES,
 1497  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT  SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,
         MONITORING, FISH,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  *FISH DISEASES,
 1506  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DRILLING, OIL  WELLS,  TOXICITY, FISH, "SALMON, "DRILLING MUDS,
 1509  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT,  OIL INDUSTRY, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,
 1511  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  "ENERGY CONSERVATION,  INDUSTRIES, REFINERIES, "TECHNOLOGY
         INNOVATION,
 1512  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS, PORTS, REGULATIONS,  OIL DISCHARGES,  SAFETY, "DEEPWATER
         PORT,
 1513  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  PLATFORMS, REGULATIONS, OIL INDUSTRY,
 1514  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS, CALIFORNIA  COAST,  OIL-GAS LEASING,  OCS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,                                                                     \
 1515  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC COAST,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OIL INDUSTRY, OIL WELLSJ
         OCS,
 1516  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  PRODUCTION, "TERTIARY OIL  RECOVERY METHODS,  GROUNDWATER, WATER
         QUALITY, MODELS,
 1517  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  RESOURCE MANAGEMENT,
         "CONFERENCES,  "COASTAL IMPACTS,
 1518  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BLM, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  HYDROCARBONS, "TRACE METALS,
 1520  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL SPILLS, OCS, "GEOLOGY,
         "HYDROLOGY, "YUKON DELTA,
 1521  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, US,  OIL SHALE,
 1522  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, OIL SPILLS, PIPELINES, MARSHES,
         LOUISIANA, "LAFOURCHE PARISH,
 1523  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE  STUDIES,  ARCTIC,  OFFSHORE DRILLING,
         SPILL  CLEANUP, ICE,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
 1524  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS, BLM, ATLANTIC  OCEAN,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, OIL-GAS LEASING,
         FISHERIES, "GEORGES  BANK,
 1525  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SOCIO-ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, OIL  INDUSTRY,  PRODUCTION, SCOTLAND,
         "SULLOM VOE,
 1526  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTS,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, EXTRACTION,  FATE, HYDROCARBONS,
         "PRODUCED WATERS,
 1530  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE  DRILLING,
 1531  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIRDS,  BEAUFORT  SEA,  OFFSHORE  DRILLING, OIL SPILLS, SPREADING,
         MOVEMENT, MARINE  MAMMALS,  FISH,
 1532  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  FOSSIL FUELS,  WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS,
 1533  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIRDS,  BASELINE  STUDIES,  ALASKA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
         MARINE ORGANISMS,
 1531  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,
 1537  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT, OIL  SHALE, PRODUCTION,
 1538  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT,  OIL SHALE, "RESEARCH PROGRAMS,
1539  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC COAST,  OIL SPILLS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS. "RISK
         ANALYSIS,
1543  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT, OIL  SHALE,
1580  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COST ANALYSIS,  MODELS,  OIL SPILLS, NORTH SEA, "COMPUTER
         SIMULATION,

1587  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSIONS,  MODELS,  FATE, OCEANS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  MARINE
                                            324

-------
         ORGANISMS,
1626   ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
1026   ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, BALTIC- SEA, UK, USSR, "JOINT UK/USSR COMMITTEE
101)8   ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, MONITORING, OIL DISCHARGES, OIL INDUSTRY, GOVERNMENT
         AGENCIES,'
1147   ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, ECONOMICS, SPILL CLEANUP, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, SAFETY
         NORTH SEA,  NORWAY,                                                            '
1205   ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, COST ANALYSIS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  TANKERS, SEGREGATED
         BALLAST ,  REGULATIONS, USCG,
1170   ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, DEVELOPMENT, COASTS, BIRDS, ALASKA,  OIL FIELDS, PRUDHOE
         SAY,  *TUNDRA WETLANDS,
1523   ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, ECONOMICS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1606   ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION, LEGISLATION, US, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL-GAS LEASING,
         ONSHORE IMPACTS, *OCS LANDS ACT - AMENDMENTS,
1122   EPA,  SPILL CLEANUP, US, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, USCG, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
13?1   EPA,  DRILLING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL DISCHARGES.
         REGULATIONS, *NAVIGABLE WATERS,
1609   EPA,  LEGISLATION, US,  WATER QUALITY, PRODUCTION, "UNDERGROUND INJECTION,
1037   ESTUARIES, CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, MONITORING, "METHODS, "INDICATO-R ORGANISMS,
1033   ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA, MONITORING,
         "STREAMFLOW, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,
1052   ESTUARIES, CONTAMINATION, MONITORING, METABOLISM, MOLLUSKS,  HYDROCARBONS, "ADENYLATS
         ENERGY CHARGE, "ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS,
1078   ESTUARIES, DISPERSIONS, REMOTE SENSING, WASTEWATEPS,  OCS, "CURRENT CIRCULATION,
1085   ESTUARIES, ALABAMA, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS,  SEDIMENTS, OCS,  OIL SPILLS,  TOXICITY,
         MISSISSIPPI,
13^9   ESTUARIES, OIL SPILLS,  DELAWARE RIVER, TOXICITY, FISH, "CORINTHOS SPILL,
1«69   ESTUARIES, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         MONITORING, FISHERIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1541   ESTUARIES, CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION, MICROORGANISMS, MARSHES,
1565   ESTUARIES, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, HYDROCARBONS, METABOLISM, "CYCLOHEXANE,
1563   ESTUARIES, CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGPADATIOH, BACTERIA, MICROORGANISMS,
1631   ESTUARIES, CONTAMINATION, COASTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
1516   EUROPE,  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, REGULATIONS,  LIABILITY,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA,
1223   EVAPORATION,  OIL TRANSPORT, PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS, LEAKAGE,  FATE, SPREADING,  MODELS,
         "IGNITION  HAZARDS,
1572   EVAPORATION,  CRUDE OIL, OIL SPILLS,  MODELS,  SOLUTION, HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY,
1532   EVAPORATION,  DISPERSIONS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL SPILLS,  FATE, SPILL RECOVERY,  NORTH
         SEA,  "EKOFISK WELL BLOWOUT,
1095   EXTRACTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, HYDROCARBONS,  SOLVENTS,  SPECTROMETRY,
11C5   EXTRACTION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION,
         SOLVENTS,
1109   EXTRACTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PAH, "FLUORESCENCE,
1526   EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, FATE,  HYDROCARBONS,
         "PRODUCED  WATERS,
1527   EXTRACTION, EIS, DISPOSAL, COLORADO, OIL SHALE, SOLID WASTES,  RESTORATION,
1031   FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, "OCEAN CURRENTS, OCS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1059   FATE, CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING, "WIND CONDITIONS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1060   FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, MONITORING, "OCEAN CURRENTS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1062   FATE, DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS,  OCS,
1Q72   FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA, REMOTE SENSING, OCS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,
1063   FATE, SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS, OCEANS,
1203   FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL DISCHARGES,  SOURCES, 'MARINE ORGANISMS,
         FISHERIES,  PACIFIC OCEAN,
1223   FATE, EVAPORATION, OIL TRANSPORT, PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS,  LEAKAGE, SPREADING,  MODELS,
         "IGNITION  HAZARDS,
1329   FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL
         TRANSPORT,  SPILL CLEANUP, NORTH SEA,
1138   FATE, DRIFT,  OIL SLICKS, OCEANS, "WAVE DAMPING, "WIND WAVE .TUNNEL,
U4U   FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, MARINE ORGANISMS,
1119   FATE, DISPERSAHTS, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL DISCHARGES,  SHIPS,  TANKERS,
1459   FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, REGULATIONS,  "BOOK

1526   FATE, EXTRACTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  HYDROCARBONS,
         "PRODUCED  WATERS,
1540   FATE, OIL WELLS, "SUBMARINE BLOWOUT SIMULATION, MODELS, CONTAINMENT,
1562   FATE, EMULSIFICATIOH,  DISPERSIONS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  OIL SPILLS, WEATHERING,
1579   FATE, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  FUEL,
         OIL,  MARINE ORGANISMS, NOAA,
1581   FATE, CONTAMINATION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FUEL OIL, MARINE ORGANISMS,
                                             325

-------
         FISHERIES, MODELS, MOVEMENT,  MOAA,
 1582  FATE, EVAPORATION, DISPERSIONS,  OFFSHORE DRILLING,  OIL SPILLS, SPILL RECOVERY, NORTH
         SEA, "EKOFISK WELL BLOWOUT,
 1583  FATE, OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  MODELS,  "GULF STREAM,
 1564  FATE, DISTRIBUTION', BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  HYDROCARBONS, MARSHES, METABOLISM,
         MARINE ORGANISMS, MASSACHUSETTS,
 1585  FATE, CONTAMINANTS, MODELS,  MOVEMENT,  OFFSHORE DRILLING, PRUOHOE BAY, "OCEAN
         CIRCULATION, *POLLUTAHT TRANSPORT,
 1587  FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSIONS, MODELS,  OCEANS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT, MARINE
         ORGANISMS,
 1590  FATE, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA,  MODELS,  "CIRCULATION,  OCS,  OIL SPILLS, "TRAJECTORY
         ANALYSIS,
 1591  FATE, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF  OF,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS, OCS, "OCEAN
         CIRCULATION, "FLOW TRAJECTORIES,
 1595  FATE, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, NORTH SEA,
 1596  FATE, EIS, ATLANTIC COAST, OIL  TRANSPORT, OCS, "SUSPENDED  MATTER,
 1597  FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA,  "OCEAN CIRCULATION, OCS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,
 1599  FATE, MODELS, OIL SPILLS,  OCEANS, "COMPUTER PROGRAMMING,
 1633  FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, OIL  SPILLS,  MARINE ORGANISMS, SPILL CLEANUP,
 1217  FEA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  CRUDE  OIL, STORAGE, "STRATEGIC PETROLEUM
         RESERVE,
 12^4  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS,  WASTE OIL DISPOSAL,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
 1239  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS,  ECONOMICS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  *ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE,
 1243  FILTRATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER  TREATMENT, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
         PATENT,
 1256  FILTRATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  PATENT,
 1260  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, COAGULATION,  PATENT,
 126"  FILTRATION, BILGES, WASTEWATER  TREATMENT, OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, "TUBULAR
         ULTRAFILTRATION SYSTEM,
 1266  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT, PH CONTROL, PATENT,
 1269  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS,  COALESCENCE,  OIL-WATER  SEPARATION,  PATENT,
 1281  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS,  COALESCENCE,  OIL-WATER  SEPARATION,  FLOTATION, PATENT, "MAGNETIC
         POWDER,
 1264  FILTRATION, ADSORPTION,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  PETROCHEMICALS,
 1285  FILTRATION, WASTEWATER  TREATMENT, "POLYURETHANE FOAM,
 1307  FILTRATION, ABSORPTION,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  "POWDERED  STEEL-MELTING SLAG,
 1313  FILTRATION, WASTE OIL,  LUBRICATING OIL,  RECLAMATION, PATENT,
 1056  FISH, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  MONITORING, "EELS, "BIO-INDICATORS,
 1083  FISH, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BEAUFORT SEA,  SAMPLING, HYDROCARBONS, SEAWATER, PLANKTON,
         SEDIMENTS, SOURCES,
 13l»9  FISH, ESTUARIES, OIL SPILLS,  DELAWARE  RIVER, TOXICITY, "CORINTHOS SPILL,
 1361  FISH .'-SLACK SEA, BENTHOS,  PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  TOXICITY,  MARINE ORGANISMS, "SHRIMP,
         "ELECTRICAL CURRENTS,
 1362  FISH, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  PAH,  UPTAKE,  RELEASE, "3,4-BENZOPYRENE,
 1370  FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, ALASKA,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY,
 1377  FISH, CRUSTACEANS, HYDROCARBONS, UPTAKE, RELEASE,  METABOLISM, "LABELED N-ALKANES,
 1395  FISH, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, TOXICITY, "LIVER AND  SKIN  TISSUES,
 1396  FISH, CRUSTACEANS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA, HYDROCARBONS, UPTAKE, RELEASE,
         "BIOTRANSFORMATION,
 1397  FISH, TOXICITY, PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  METABOLISM, INVERTEBRATES,
 1398  FISH, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY,  WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES,  FRESHWATER, "REDEAR SUNFISH,
 1399  FISH, ACUTE EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY, "FATHEAD  MINNOWS,
 1113  FISH, TOXICITY, PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  PETROCHEMICALS,
 1415  FISH, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, FUEL OIL, HYDROCARBONS, "RESPIRATION PATE, "ONCORHYNCHUS
         GORBUSCHA,
 1419  FISH, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE  EFFECTS, TOXICITY,  FISHERIES, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "PACIFIC HERRING,
 1431  FISH, CONTAMINATION, "TEMPERATURE EFFECTS,  "STURGEONS,
 1433  FISH, DISPERSANTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, SOLVENTS,  "FISH LARVAE,
 1455  FISH, UPTAKE, RELEASE,  HYDROCARBONS, "BENZENE, "NORTHERN ANCHOVY, "STRIPED BASS,
 1492  FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
         FISHERIES, HABITAT,  "PACIFIC  HERRING,
 1497  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BERING  SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF
         OF,  MONITORING, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  "FISH  DISEASES,
 1499  FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF,  FISHERIES, "SHELLFISH,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, "DEMERSAL RESOURCES,
1503  FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF, FOOD WEB,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1504  FISH, DRILLING, ARCTIC,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  OIL  HELLS,  TOXICITY,  "TROUT, "DRILLING MUDS,
1506  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DRILLING,  OIL  HELLS,  TOXICITY,  "SALMON, "DRILLING MUDS,
1531  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL -EFFECTS,  BIRDS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL SPILLS
         SPREADING, MOVEMENT,  MARINE  MAMMALS,
1630  FISH, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  BEAUFORT SEA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
                                               326

-------
1632  FISH, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULr OF   *NON-<'ALMONID
         PELAGIC FISHES,                                                '  "   "   '
1013  FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, OLYMPIC GAMES SPILL
1022  FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS  SPI'L CLEANUP
         LIABILITY,               ,                                                 '
1024  FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS, FUEL OIL, MASSACHUSETTS  "BUZZARD" °AY
         "SHELLFISH RESOURCES,
1027  FISHERIES, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS, LEGISLATION, USCG, *NEW ENGLAND
1203  FISHERIES, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL DISCHARGES,  SOURCES, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, PACIFIC OCEAN,                                      '          ' "
1360  FISHERIES, BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALGAE, METULA SPILL, MOLLUSKS, MAGELLAN/STRAIT
         OF,
1419  FISHERIES, FISH, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, *PACIFIC HERRING,
1U28  FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, JAPAN, *TOKYO PAY, *SSTO INLAND SEA,
1462  FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHINA, OIL SPILLS, PLANKTON, MONITORING, *HCMG KONG,
1^69  FISHERIES, ESTUARIES, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE
         STUDIES, MONITORING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
14Q2  FISHERIES, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, OCS, HABITAT, "PACIFIC HERRING,
1499  FISHERIES, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF,  "SHELLFISH
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, "DEMERSAL RESOURCES,
1508  FISHERIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, FRANCE,
1524  FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, BLM, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
         OIL-GAS LEASING, "GEORGES BANK,
1581  FISHERIES, FATE, CONTAMINATION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, FUEL OIL,  MARINE
         ORGANISMS, MODELS, MOVEMENT, BOAA,
1593  FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, BERING SEA, "CIRCULATION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, FOOD WEB,
         "BRISTOL BAY,
1251  FLOCCULATION, COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, OIL-WATER  SEPARATION,
         FLOTATION, "OZONATION,
1263  FLOCCULATION, DRILLING, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, OIL HELLS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
         PATENT,
1277  FLOCCULATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, FUEL OIL, HYDROCARBONS, PH CONTROL,  PATENT,
1319  FLOCCULATION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, LUBRICATING OIL, RECLAMATION,  SURFACTANTS,
         PRECIPITATION, PATENT,
1573  FLOCCULATION, HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTATION, RIVERS, FRANCE, "GULF OF  LION,
1102  FLORIDA, COASTS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIODEGHADATION,  BACTERIA,
         HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
1466  FLORIDA COAST, CONTAMINATION, WATER QUALITY, "HUMAN IMPACT, "BISCAYNE BAY,
1236  FLOTATION, PETROCHEMICALS, WASTEHATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL, OXIDATION,  COAGULATION,
1251  FLOTATION, FLOCCULATION, COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  OIL-WATER
         SEPARATION, "OZONATION,
1253  FLOTATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, "AERATION,  "WEMCO  HYDROCLEANER,
1258  FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, "AERATION, PATENT,
1267  FLOTATION, WASTEWATEF TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT, "POWDERED MICA,
1281  FLOTATION, FILTRATION, EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT, "MAGNETIC
         POWDER,
1287  FLOTATION  EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE, PH CONTROL,  COAGULATION, "AERATION,
1299  FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  SKIMMERS,
1306  FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PH CONTROL,  PATENT,
1350  FOOD WEB, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         OIL SPILLS, "PRIMARY PRODUCTION,
1406  FOOD WEB, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OCEANS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PHYTOPLANKTON,
1406  FOOD WEB, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HYDROCARBONS, PLANTS, "PHOTOSYNTHESIS, "ZOSTERA  MARINA,
1467  FOOD WEB, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING,  PHYTOPLANKTON,
         ICE, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1476  FOOD WEB, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, BEAUFORT SEA, OFFSHORE DRILLING,  OIL SPILLS,
1500  FOOD WEE, CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         MARINE MAMMALS, "ECOLOGY, "HARBOR SEAL,
1503  FOOD WEB, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF  OF,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1593  FOOD WEB, FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, BERING SEA, "CIRCULATION,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
         ^BRISTOL EAY
1611  FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, LEGISLATION, US, OIL DISCHARGES,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION, LIABILITY,
1325  FRANCE, CRUDE OIL, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP, "POLMAR  PLAN,
1392  FRANCE  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,  REFINERIES, WASTEWATERS,
         MARINE ORGANISMS, PHYTOPLANKTON,
1508  FRANCE, FISHERIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMEN.,
1578  FRANCE, FLOCCULATION, HYDROCARBONS, SEDIMENTATION, RIVERS, "GULF OF  LION,
1613  FRANCE! LEGISLATION, POLLUTION PREVENTION, TANKERS, "FRENCH MARITIME LAW, "OLYMPIC
         BRAVERY SPILL
1188  FPESHWATER, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS,  ICE,  "LOCKHEED CLEAN  SWEEP,
1398  FRESHWATER, FISH, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES,  "REDEAR SUNFISH,
                                             327

-------
 1023  FUEL OIL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP, MOVEMENT, JAPAN, "INLAND
         QEA
 1024  FUEL OIL, FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS, MASSACHUSETTS, 'BUZZARDS BAY,
         •SHELLFISH RESOURCES,
 1C65  FUEL OIL, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, MONITORING, SHIPS, »OIL-IN-WATER
         DETECTOR,
 1C68  FUEL OIL, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING, PATENT,
         •OPTICAL SENSOR,
 1225  FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, SPILL DISPOSAL, STORAGE,
 1277  FUEL OIL, FLOCCULATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, HYDROCARBONS, PH CONTROL, PATENT,
 mi  FUEL OIL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTE OIL,  RECLAMATION, REUSE, '"EMBRANE TECHNIQUES,
 1351  FUEL OIL, DISPERSIONS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, *OYSTER, «CRASSOSTREA, VIRGINICA,
      FUEL OIL, OIL SPILLS, TOXICITY, MICROORGANISMS, YEASTS, 'ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT EXPOSURE,
      FUEL OIL, CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, TROPICAL REGIONS, IMTERTIDAL
         ZONE,
 1366  FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY,  MOLLUSKS, WASTE OIL, »CLAHS, 'MERCENARIA,
 1375  FUEL OIL, CONTAMINANTS, HYDROCARBONS, TOXICITY, *FUEL ADDITIVES,
 1331  FUEL OIL, BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, 'YOLK  STRUCTURE, 'EGG HATCHABILITY,
 1385  FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, COASTS, CANADA, BACTERIA, TOXICITY, *GLUCOSE UPTAKE,
 1390  FUEL OIL, BEHAVIOR, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, ZOOPLAMKTON, "WATER SOLUBLE FRACTIONS,
 13=1  FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, »AMPKIPODS,
 11Q3  FUEL OIL, ECHINGDtRMS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, «SAMD DOLLARS,
 1115  FUEL OIL, FISH, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, HYDROCARBONS, 'RESPIRATION RATE, 'ONCCRHYNCHUS
         GORBUSCHA,
 1U16  FUEL OIL, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, POLYCHAETES, UPTAKE, RELEASE, "NAPHTHALENE,
         'NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA,
 1122  FUEL OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  M.QLLUSKS, »CLAMS, »MYA ARENARIA,
 112^  FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY,  MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, 'CLAMS, »MYA ARENARIA,
 1121  FUEL OIL, CHROMIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, INTERTIDAL
         ZONE, *HONG KONG,
 1130  FUEL OIL, EMULSIONS, DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, "OLLUSKS, UK,
 1131  FUEL OIL, ALGAE, TOXICITY, 'GROWTH RATES, *PHENALEN-1-ONE,
 1579  FUEL OIL, FATE, CONTAMINATION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT
         SPILL, MARINE ORGANISMS, NCAA,
 1581  FUEL OIL, FISHERIES, FATE, CONTAMINATION, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, MARINE
         ORGANISMS, MODELS, MOVEMENT, NOAA,
 1118  FUELS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY,  WASTE OIL, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SKIMMERS,
 1252  FUELS, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, PATENT,
 1338  FUELS, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, WASTSWATER TREATMENT,
 1532  FUELS, FOSSIL,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  WATER QUALITY,
 1557  FUELS, BIODEGPADATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  MICROORGANISMS,
 1'91  FUNGI, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, WASTE OIL, SOIL,
 1116  GERMANY, EAST, CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, HYDROCARBONS,
         *SPECTROPHCTOMETRY, 'CCLORIMETPY,
 1297  GERMANY, WEST, REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
         SLUDGE,
 1018  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, MONITORING,  OIL DISCHARGES, OIL
         INDUSTRY,
 1317  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, WASTE OIL, REFINING, LUBRICATING OIL,  RECLAMATION, REUSE,
 1323  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY PLANNIHG,  SPILL CLEANUP, INDUSTRIES, *OIL SPILL
         COOPERATIVES,
 1011  GROUNDWATER, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTAMINATION, MONITORING, SPILL CLEANUP,
 1111  GROUNDWATER, CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL TANKS, USSR,
 1516  GROUNDWATER, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PRODUCTION, 'TERTIARY OIL RECOVERY METHODS, WATER
         QUALITY,  MODELS,
 1571  GROUNDWATER, CONTAMINATION, CALIFORNIA, WASTEWATER DISPOSAL, SPREADING,
 1620  GUIDELINES,  CRUDE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  OIL TRANSFER, TANKERS, SAFETY, 'TERMINALS,
 1621  GUIDELINES,  CANADA, POLLUTION  CONTROL, REFINERIES, WASTSWATERS, REGULATIONS,
         MONITORING,
 1623  GUIDELINES,  OIL INDUSTRY, STORAGE, HEALTH HAZARDS, SAFETY,  'BULK PETROLEUM  PLANTS,
 1387  HABITAT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL SPILLS, OCS,
         MOLLUSKS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, *CLAMS,
 1171  HABITAT, COASTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING,
         MARINE ORGANISMS, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
 1171  HABITAT, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, ICE,
 1192  HABITAT, FISHERIES, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, OCS, 'PACIFIC  HERRING,
 1502  HABITAT, DISTRIBUTION, CONTAMINATION, ALASKA, MARINE MAMMALS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         'SEA OTTERS,
1512  HABITAT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, SPILL
         CLEANUP,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1201  HARBORS, OIL DISCHARGES, OCEANS, SHIPS, 'MERCHANT SHIPS,
1339  HARBORS, LEGISLATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, LAW ENFORCEMENT, TANKERS, WATER QUALITY,
         NETHERLANDS,
                                            328

-------
1316   HARBORS,  OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION CONTROL, SHIPS, LAW ENFORCEMENT. UK  "MILFORD KAVEH
1615   HARBORS,  COMPENSATION, COASTS, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION  "HIPS
         LIABILITY,  IMCO,                                                      ' "   '  "    '
1006   HEALTH HAZARDS,  ECONOMICS, DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL, UK,
1086   HEALTH HAZARDS,  SAMPLING, SOIL, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS ,  PAH, "AGRICULTURE  POLAND
1332   HEALTH HAZARDS,  OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL TRANSPORT, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL WELLS
         SAFETY,  OCS,
1623   HEALTH HAZARDS,  GUIDELINES, OIL INDUSTRY, STORAGE ,  'SAFETY, "BULK PETROLEUM PLANTS
1016   HYDROCARBONS,  CONTAMINATION, SOURCES, WASTEWATERS,  ITALY, "GULF OF TRIESTE
1C3«   HYDROCARBONS,  CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING,  MEDITERRANEAN  SEA
         •POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,                                                  '         '
1039   HYDROCARBONS,  BALLAST, MONITORING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATERS, PATENT  *SOUND
         VELOCITY CHARACTERISTICS,
10UO   HYDROCARBONS,  DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING,  OCS,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  "NATURALLY-OCCURRING HYDROCARBONS,
1051   HYDROCARBONS,  CRUSTACEANS, MONITORING, SEAWATER, *MOTOR BEHAVIOR
1052   HYDROCARBONS,  ESTUARIES, CONTAMINATION, MONITORING, METABOLISM, MOLLUSKS,  "ADENYLATE
         ENERGY CHARGE, "ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS,
1051   HYDROCARBONS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS, UPTAKE,  METABOLISM,
1053   HYDROCARBONS,  MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, UPTAKE, RELEASE, METABOLISM, MANUALS,
1062   HYDROCARBONS,  FATE, DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,  MONITORING, OCS,
1083   HYDROCARBONS,  FATE, SAMPLING, OCEANS,
103U   HYDROCARBONS,  CONTAMINATION, BEACHES, SAMPLING, REFINERIES,  SEDIMENTS,
1085   HYDROCARBONS,  ESTUARIES, OLABAMA, SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS, CCS,  OIL SPILLS, TOXICITY
         MISSISSIPPI,
1083   HYDROCARBONS,  FISH, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, REAUFORT SEA, SAMPLING,  SEAWATER,  PLANKTON,
         SEDIMENTS,  SOURCES,
1092   HYDROCARBONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,  SOURCES,
         MEXICO/GULF OF, *MISSISSIPPI DELTA,
1093   HYDROCARBONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, OIL SLICKS, SWEDEN,
109"   HYDROCARBONS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  SEDIMENTS,
         SPECTROSCOPY, PUGET SOUND, WASHINGTON,
1C95   HYDROCARBONS,  EXTRACTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  SOLVENTS,  SPECTROMETRY ,
1099   HYDROCARBONS,  DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BENTHOS, OCS,  TEXAS, MEXICO/GULF  OF,
1100   HYDROCARBONS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, MOLLUSKS, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  *SOXHLET
         EXTRACTION, *SAPONIFICATION,
1101   HYDROCARBONS,  CONTAMINANTS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  *UATER
         POLLUTANTS,
1102   HYDROCARBONS,  FLORIDA, COASTS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  BIODEGRADATION,
         BACTERIA, SEDIMENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
1104   HYDROCARBONS,  CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATERS,  *GASOLINE FRACTIONS,
1106   HYDROCARBONS,  DECOMPOSITION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ACTIVATED  SLUDGE,
1110   HYDROCARBONS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  "HYDROCARBON
         MEASUREMENTS,
11 If   HYDROCARBONS,  WASTEWATERS, "SPECTRAL ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS, "HYDROCARBON
         CONCENTRATION,
1116   HYDROCARBONS,  GERMANY, EAST, CONTAMINANTS, COASTS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
         "SPECTROPHCTOMETRY, "COLORIMETRY,
1113   HYDROCARBONS,  DETECTION, CHANKCASE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATERS, MARINE
         ORGANISMS,  NEW YORK,
1120   HYDROCARBONS,. DISPERSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "PETROLEUM BIOASSAY, "CONTINUOUS  FLOW
         SYSTEM,
1123   HYDROCARBONS,  CRUDE OIL, CHPOMATOGRAPHY , CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
1131   HYDROCARBONS,  CRUDE OIL, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, PAH, SEDIMENTS, SOIL,  PETROLEUM
         PRODUCTS,
1138   HYDROCARBONS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, ABSORPTION, SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT,
1139   HYDROCARBONS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, ADSORPTION, SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT,
1275   HYDROCARBONS,  DISPERSIONS, COALESCENCE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  PATENT,
1277   HYDROCARBONS,  FUEL OIL, FLOCCULATION , WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  PH CONTROL, PATENT,
12S6   HYDROCARBONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OXIDATION,  TOXICITY,  "AERATION,
1352   HYDROCARBONS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS,  SANTA BARBARA
         CHANNEL
1370   HYDROCARBONS,  FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BERING SEA, ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY,
1373   HYDROCARBONS,  ACUTE EFFECTS, MARINE MAMMALS, TOXICITY, "SEALS,  "PHOCA  VITULINA,
1371   HYDROCARBONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "WATER SOLUBLE FRACTIONS,
1375   HYDROCARBONS,  FUEL OIL, CONTAMINANTS, TOXICITY, "FUEL ADDITIVES,       .
1377   HYDROCARBONS,  FISH, CRUSTACEANS, UPTAKE, RELEASE, METABOLISM,  "LABELED N-ALKANES,
1396   HYDROCARBONS,  FISH, CRUSTACEANS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA,  UPTAKE,  RELEASE,
         "BIOTRANSFORMATION,
H99   HYDROCARBONS  FISH. ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, "FATHEAD MINNOWS,
1«03   HYDROCARBONS  FOOo'wEP, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PLANTS, "PHOTOSYNTHESIS  "ZOSTERA MARINA,
1«15   HYDROCARBONS,  FUEL OIL, FISH, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, "RESPIRATION RATE, "ONCORHYNCHUS
1417  HYDROCARBONS! BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MARINE ORGANISMS,
         "SPIN-LABELING TECHNIQUES,
                                             329

-------
1418  HYDROCARBONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  LAKES,  PHYTOPLANKTON,  "OUTBOARD MARINE ENGINE
         EXHAUST,
1421  HYDROCARBONS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  COASTS,  WASTEWATERS,  INDUSTRIES,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
1429  HYDROCARBONS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALGAE,  METABOLISM,  "NAPHTHALENE,
1442  HYDROCARBONS,  DISPERSANT3,  CONTAMINATION,  OIL INDUSTRY,  *AOUATIC POLLUTION,
1452  HYDROCARBONS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  CONTAMINANTS,  BALTIC SEA,
1455  HYDROCARBONS,  FISH,  UPTAKE, RELEASE,  "BENZENE,  "NORTHERN ANCHOVY, "STPIPED  BASS,
1458  HYDROCARBONS,  OCEANS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
1518  HYDROCARBONS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BLM,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  "TRACE  METALS,
1526  HYDROCARBONS,  FATE,  EXTRACTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTS,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,
         "PRODUCED WATERS,
1545  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BEAUFORT  SEA,  BASELINE  STUDIES,  MICROORGANISMS,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT.  OCS,
1546  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BASELINE  STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  MICROORGANISMS,
         OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
1548  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  "LYSIS,  "IONIC  CONCENTRATION,
1549  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  OXIDATION, TOXICITY,  SURFACTANTS, "IONIC
         CONCENTRATION,  "DETERGENTS,
1550  HYDROCARBONS,  COASTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  MONITORING,
1552  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS, "AQUATIC  ENVIRONMENT,
1554  HYDROCARBONS,  CRUDE  OIL, BIODEGRADATION,  ATLANTIC OCEAN, MICROORGANISMS, SAMPLING,
1555  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODSGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  NARRAGANSETT  BAY,  "GROWTH STUDIES,
1558  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  METABOLISM,
1559  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
1=;65  HYDROCARBONS,  ESTUARIES, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, METABOLISM,  "CYCLOHEXANE,
1572  HYDROCARBONS,  EVAPORATION,  CRUDE OIL,  OIL SPILLS, MODELS,  SOLUTION,  TOXICITY,
1577  HYDROCARBONS,  DECOMPOSITION, OIL SLICKS,  "PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION,
1578  HYDROCARBONS,  FRANCE,  FLOCCULATION,  SEDIMENTATION, RIVERS,  "GULF OF LION,
1584  HYDROCARBONS,  FATE,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL  SPILLS, MARSHES,  METABOLISM,
         MARINE ORGANISMS,  MASSACHUSETTS,
1625  HYDROCARBONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  OIL  INDUSTRY,  OIL SPILLS,  SOURCE
         IDENTIFICATION,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
1627  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BACTERIA,  ALGAE,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL
         CLEANUP,
1142  ICE, CANADA, ARCTIC,  OIL WELLS,  "BLOWOUTS,  SPILL  DISPOSAL,  INCINERATION,
1168  ICE, FRESHWATER,  CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC,  SPILL RECOVERY,  SKIMMERS,  "LOCKHEED CLEAN SWEEP,
1194  ICE, CANADA, BOOMS,  SPILL CONTAINMENT,  SPILL RECOVERY,  RIVERS,  "ST.  CLAIR &  DETROIT
         RIVERS,
1348  ICE, BEAUFORT  SEA,  ALGAE,  PHYTOPLANKTON,  "PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY,  "OIL-UNDER-ICE,
1467  ICE, FOOD WEB,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING,
         PHYTOPLANKTON,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
1474  ICE, HABITAT,  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  BERING  SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE
         STUDIES,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,
1523  ICE, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, BEAUFORT  SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,  OFFSHORE DRILLING,
         SPILL CLEANUP,  MARINE ORGANISMS,
1569  ICE, CRUDE OIL,  COALESCENCE, BEHAVIOR,  SPREADING, EMUSIFICATION, RIVERS,
1573  ICE, BEHAVIOR,  ARCTIC, ABSORPTION, OIL  SPILLS,  SPREADING,  SOLUBILITY, CLEANUP,
1574  ICE, COASTS,- ARCTIC  OCEAN,  ALASKA, OIL  SPILLS,  "OIL-ICE INTERACTION,
1575  ICE, CRUDE OIL,  MOVEMENT,
1594  ICE, CRUDE OIL,  ARCTIC,  MONITORING,  SPREADING,  MOVEMENT, WEATHERING,  SPILL CLEANUP,
1598  ICE, OIL SPILLS,  SPREADING, "OIL TEMPERATURE, "ICE TEMPERATURE,  "SPILLING RATE,
1624  ICE, BIODEGRADATION,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  ARCTIC, OIL  SLICKS, CONTAINMENT, RECOVERY, OIL
         TRANSFER, STORAGE,  SPILL DISPOSAL,
1221  IMCO,  REGULATIONS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  SHIPS,  MONITORING,
1330  IMCO,  MONITORING,  OIL  DISCHARGES,  TANKERS,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,  REGULATIONS,  "BAILEY
         MONITOR PROGRAM,
1615  IMCO,  HARBORS,  COMPENSATION, COASTS,  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,
         SHIPS, LIABILITY,
1617  IMCO,  INTERNATIONAL  CONVENTIONS, TANKERS,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  OIL DISCHARGES,
         OIL-WATER SEPARATION, MONITORING,
1618  IMCO,  INTERNATIONAL  CONVENTIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  LEGISLATION,
1142  INCINERATION,  ICE,  CANADA,  ARCTIC, OIL  WELLS, "BLOWOUTS, SPILL  DISPOSAL,
1240  INCINERATION,  DISPOSAL,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SLUDGE,  REFINERIES,  "FLUID BED
         INCINERATION.
1268  INCINERATION,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  SLUDGE,  REFINERIES, USSR,
1276  INCINERATION,  DISPOSAL,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  COST ANALYSIS, SLUDGE, SOLID WASTES,
1028  INDUSTRIES,  ECON.OMIC  EFFECTS,  CONTAMINATION, WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES, SOURCES,
         INFORMATION  SYSTEMS,
1113  INDUSTRIES,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WASTE OIL, PETROCHEMICALS,  "X-RAY FLUORESCENCE,
1249  INDUSTRIES,  CONTAMINANTS,  ABSORPTION,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "PEAT MOSS,
1288  INDUSTRIES,  DISPOSAL,  WASTEWATERS, SOLID WASTES,  OIL  INDUSTRY,
1293  INDUSTRIES,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  REFINERIES. SPILL CLEANUP,  PATENT,
1308  INDUSTRIES,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  RECLAMATION, WASTE OIL,
1323  INDUSTRIES,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY PLANNIHG,  SPILL CLEANUP,  "OIL SPILL
         COOPERATIVES,
                                            330

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1421   INDUSTRIES, HYDROCARBONS, ECOSYSTEMS, COASTS, WASTEWATERS, MARINE ORGANISMS
1511   INDUSTRIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, "ENERGY CONSERVATION, REFINERIES, "TECHNOLOGY
         INNOVATION,
1020   INFORMATION SYSTEMS, OIL SPILLS, MANUALS,
1028   INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INDUSTRIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION, WASTEWATERS
         REFINERIES, SOURCES,
1122   INFORMATION SYSTEMS, EPA, SPILL CLEANUP, US, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, USCG,
1347   INFORMATION SYSTEMS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS
         REGULATIONS, SAFETY, »OCEAN TECHNOLOGY,
1235   INLAND, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATERS, SKIMMERS  *AFL
         INDUSTRIES,
1439   INSURANCE, *MARINE INDUSTRY, TANKERS, LIABILITY,
1529   INSURANCE, REGULATIONS, LIABILITY, SHIPS, PORTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT
1607   INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, LEGISLATION, US, OIL SPILLS, SHIPS, TANKERS,  "LEGAL PROBLEMS
1614   INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, REGULATIONS, TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST, POLLUTION
         CONTROL,
1615   INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, IMCO, HARBORS, COMPENSATION, COASTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
         SHIPS, LIABILITY,
1616   INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, EUROPE, POLLUTION CONTROL, REGULATIONS, 'LIABILITY. OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA,
1617   INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, IMCO, TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL DISCHARGES,
         OIL-WATER SEPARATION, MONITORING,
1618   INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, IMCO, POLLUTION PREVENTION, LEGISLATION,
1619   INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, OIL DISCHARGES, SHIPS, POLLUTION CONTROL, LAW ENFORCEMENT,
         OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
1063   INTERTIDAL ZONE, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, MONITORING, SEDIMENTS,  UPTAKE, RELEASE,  *PORT
         VALDEZ,
1363   INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL OIL, CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, TROPICAL
         REGIONS,
1424   INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  TOXICITY,
         MOLLUSKS, *HONG KONG,
1505   INTERTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION, COASTS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE EFFECTS, MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS,
1397   INVERTEBRATES, FISH, TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, METABOLISM,
1410   INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, MARINE  ORGANISMS,
         METABOLISM,
1411   INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, TOXICITY, "AMPHIPOD, »COELENTERATE,
1460   IRAQ, CONTAMINATION, RIVERS, WASTE OIL, TANKERS, OIL TRANSFER, "SHATT AL-ARAB,
1018   ISRAEL, CONTAMINATION, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL TRANSFER,  OIL SPILLS, PORTS,  SHORELINES,
         *EILAT OIL TERMINAL,
1129   ISRAEL, CRUDE OIL, CHPOMATOGRAFHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
         SAMPLING, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WEATHERING, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,
1016   ITALY, HYDROCARBONS, CONTAMINATION, SOURCES, WASTEWATERS,  *GULF OF TRIESTE,
1021   JAPAN, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, STATISTICS, OIL SPILLS,  *SETO INLAND SEA,
1023   JAPAN, FUEL OIL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,  SPILL CLEANUP, MOVEMENT,  "INLAND
         SEA
1428   JAPAN,'FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, CHRONIC EFFECTS, "TOKYO PAY,  »SETO INLAND  SEA,
1211   KENTUCKY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE,  WATER QUALITY,  OIL SPILLS,
         "CENTRAL ROCK MINE,
1117   LAKES, CHROMATOGRAPFY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, PAH, SEDIMENTS,  SPECTROMETRY,
1121   LAKES, CHROMATOGRAPHY, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  SPECTROSCOPY,
         SEDIMENTS, "FLUORESCENCE,
1418   LAKES, HYDROCARBONS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PHYTOPLANKTON, "OUTBOARD MARINE ENGINE
         EXHAUST,
1339   LAW ENFORCEMENT, HARBORS, LEGISLATION, POLLUTION CONTROL,  TANKERS, WATER QUALITY,
         NETHERLANDS,
1W   LAW ENFORCEMENT, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP, SURVEILLANCE,  SOURCE
         IDENTIFICATION, USCG,
1346   LAW ENFORCEMENT, HARBORS, OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION CONTROL, SHIPS, UK,  "MILFORD HAVEN,
1619   LAW ENFORCEMENT, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, OIL DISCHARGES,  SHIPS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
         OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
1044   LEAKAGE,  DETECTION, MONITORING, PIPELINES, PATENT, "MOBILE  RECEIVER,
1064   LEAKAGE,  MONITORING, PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT,  "PIPELINE LEAK DETECTORS,
122'   LEAKAGE,  FATE, EVAPORATION, OIL TRANSPORT, PIPELINES, OIL SPILLS,  SPREADING,  MODELS,
         "IGNITION HAZARDS,
1^26   LEAKAGE,  SHIPS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, "STERN GEAR SYSTEM,
n34   LEAKAGE,  DETECTION, PIPELINES, PATENT, "ACOUSTIC LEAK DETECTION,
1451   LEAKAGE  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSFER, PORTS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  SPILL
         CLEANUP. UK, "MILFORD HAVEN,
1027   LEGISLATION, FISHERIES, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS, USCG,  "NEW ENGLAND,
1200   LEGISLATION  OIL SPILLS, TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, US,
1202   LEGISLATION, OIL TRANSPORT, TANKEPS,  OIL SPILLS, PUGET SOUND,  WASHINGTON,
1227   LEGISLATION! ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT, ALASKA, PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS,
         LIABILITY,
1324   LEGISLATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, OIL  DISCHARGES,  US,  SPILL
                                             331

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         CLEANUP, SURVEILLANCE,
1335  LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL INDUSTRY,  UK,  MONITORING,  OIL SPILLS,
         WASTEWATERS,
1-39  LEGISLATION, LAW ENFORCEMENT,  HARBORS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,  TANKERS, WATER QUALITY,
         NETHERLANDS,
1519  LEGISLATION, CALIFORNIA COAST,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  ONSHORE IMPACTS,
1601  LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, REGULATIONS, SPILL CLEANUP, STATE GOVERNMENTS, OIL
         TRANSFER, MEW JERSEY,
1602  LEGISLATION, CALIFORNIA,  OIL SPILLS,  LIABILITY,  TANKERS,  OIL TRANSPORT,
1602  LEGISLATION, WASTE OIL, RECYCLING,  STATE GOVERNMENTS,  "LOCAL GOVERNMENTS,
1604  LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US,  LIABILITY,  SPILL  CLEANUP,
1605  LEGISLATION, LIABILITY, OIL SPILLS,  SAFETY,  TANKERS,  US,  "CONGRESSIONAL BILLS,
16C6  LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  US,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL-GAS LEASING,
         ONSHORE IMPACTS, *OCS LANDS  ACT  AMENDMENTS,
1607  LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  US,  OIL  SPILLS, SHIPS, TANKERS, "LEGAL PROBLEMS,
1608  LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, -OIL  DISCHARGES,  LIABILITY,  US,  STATE GOVERNMENTS,
         *NAVIGABLE WATERS,
1609  LEGISLATION, EPA, US, WATER DUALITY,  PRODUCTION, "UNDERGROUND INJECTION,
1610  LEGISLATION, COST ANALYSIS, US, PORTS,  TANKERS,  OIL TRANSPORT,  LIABILITY, "DEEPWATER
         PORT ACT,
1611  LEGISLATION, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  US,  OIL DISCHARGES,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, LIABILITY,
1613  LEGISLATION, FRANCE, POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  TANKERS, "FRENCH MARITIME LAW, "OLYMPIC
         BRAVERY SPILL,
1618  LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, IMCO. POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1022  LIABILITY, FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARGO  MERCHANT SPILL,  TANKERS, SPILL
         CLEANUP,
1226  LIABILITY, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL,  TANKERS,  SAFETY, USCG,
         MEXICO/GULF OF, *FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE,
1227  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT, ALASKA, PIPELINES, OIL
         SPILLS,
1322  LIABILITY, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, "LEGAL
         RESPONSIBILITIES,
1327  LIABILITY, COMPENSATION,  OIL SPILLS,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP,
         "CONGRESSIONAL BILL,
1439  LIABILITY, INSURANCE, "MARINE INDUSTRY, TANKERS,
1529  LIABILITY, INSURANCE, REGULATIONS,  SHIPS,  PORTS, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
1602  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, CALIFORNIA,  OIL SPILLS,  TANKERS,  OIL TRANSPORT,
1604  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION,  US,  SPILL  CLEANUP,
1605  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, OIL SPILLS,  SAFETY,  TANKERS,  US,  "CONGRESSIONAL BILLS,
1608  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION,  OIL DISCHARGES,  US,  STATE GOVERNMENTS,
         "NAVIGABLE WATERS,
1610  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COST ANALYSIS,  US,  PORTS,  TANKERS, OIL TRANSPORT, "DEEPWATER
         PORT ACT,
1611  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, US, OIL  DISCHARGES, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1612  LIABILITY, REGULATIONS, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA,  NORWAY,
1615  LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  IMCO,  HARBORS,  COMPENSATION, COASTS, POLLUTION
         PREVENTION, SHIPS,
1616  LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  EUROPE, POLLUTION CONTROL, REGULATIONS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  NORTH SEA,
1622  LIABILITY, OIL TRANSPORT,  TANKERS,  REGULATIONS,  SAFETY, USCG,
1209  LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS,  CRUDE OIL,  STORAGE, "EAYOU CHOCTAW SALT DOME,
1212  LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS,  CRUDE OIL,  STORAGE, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS,
         "COTE BLANCHE MINE,
1215  LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS,  CRUDE OIL,  STORAGE, WATER QUALITY, OIL SPILLS,
         "WEEKS ISLAND MINE,
1522  LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS, OIL SPILLS, PIPELINES,
         MARSHES, "LAFOURCHE PARISH,
12H4  LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL TREATMENT,  RECLAMATION, PATENT,
1310  LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL TREATMENT,  RECLAMATION, "BERC/ERDA SOLVENT,
1311  LUBRICATING OIL, RECLAMATION,  SURFACTANTS,  PATENT,
1312  LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OILS, RECLAMATION,  "REREFINING PROCESS,
1313  LUBRICATING OIL, FILTRATION, WASTE  OIL, RECLAMATION,  PATENT,
1315  LUBRICATING OIL, ENGLAND,  WASTE OIL,  RECYCLING,
1317  LUBRICATING OIL, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  WASTE OIL, REFINING, RECLAMATION,  REUSE,
1319  LUBRICATING OIL, FLOCCULATION,  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, RECLAMATION, SURFACTANTS,
         PRECIPITATION, PATENT,
1320  LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE'OIL, RECLAMATION, REFINING, PATENT,
1360  MAGELLAN/STRAIT  OF, FISHERIES,  BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALGAE, METULA  SPILL,
         MOLLUSKS,
1451  MAGELLAN/STRAIT  OF, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL,  "ETULA SPILL,
1020  MANUALS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  OIL  SPILLS,
1058  MANUALS, HYDROCARBONS, MONITORING,  MOLLUSKS, UPTAKE,  RELEASE, METABOLISM,
1238  MANUALS, HASTEWATER TREATMENT,  OIL  INDUSTRY, PETROCHEMICALS, REFINERIES,  POLLUTION
         CONTROL,
1373  MARINE MAMMALS,  HYDPOCARPONS,  ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, "SEALS,  "PHOCA  VITULINA,
                                            332

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1378   MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, OIL SPILLS, METABOLISM, 'PHYSIOLOGY
         'PINNIPEDS,
1420   MARINE MAMMALS, CRUDE OIL, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, "RINGED SEALS
1472   MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, MONITORING, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, »BEARDED AND RINGED SEALS, *ECOLOGY
1473   MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, *SPOTTED SEAL,
1474   MARINE MAMMALS, ICE, HABITAT, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT
         SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1475   MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, *SEA LIONS, *ECOLOGY, "TROPHIC STRUCTURE,
11)83   MARINE MAMMALS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, TOXICITY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         •MORTALITY,
1487   MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF.
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1488   MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE
         STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL-GAS LEASING, OIL SPILLS,
1489   MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, 'WHALES,
14QO   MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL-GAS LEASING,
1495   MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, DCS, "SEALS, "TROPHIC STRUCTURE,
1500   MARINE MAMMALS, FOOD WEE, CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "ECOLOGY, "HARBOR SEAL,
1501   MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "SEA OTTERS,
1502   MARINE MAMMALS, HABITAT, DISTRIBUTION, CONTAMINATION, ALASKA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         •SEA OTTERS,
1531   MARINE MAMMALS, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIRDS, BEAUFORT SEA, OFFSHORE DRILLING,
         OIL SPILLS,  SPREADING, MOVEMENT,
1032   MARINE ORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, BENTHOS, MONITORING, SEDIMENTS, UK, "SUBLITTORAL
         MACROFAUNA,  "MILFORD HAVEN,
1C43   MARINE ORGANISMS, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  NORTH SEA,
         •"CELTIC SEA
1054   MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, MONITORING, UPTAKE, METABOLISM,
1094   MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SEDIMENTS,
         SPECTROSCOPY, PUGET SOUND, WASHINGTON,
1100   MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, MOLLUSKS,  "SOXHLET
         EXTRACTION,  "SAPONIFICATION,
1118   MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, DETECTION, CRANKCASE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
         WASTEWATERS, NEW YORK,
1150   MARINE ORGANISMS, DISPERSANTS, SOUTH AFRICA, SPILL CLEANUP, TOXICITY,
120?   MARINE ORGANISMS, FISHERIES, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL DISCHARGES,
         SOURCES, PACIFIC OCEAN,
12C6   MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSFER, PORTS, OIL DISCHARGES, UK,
         "MILFORD HAVEN,
1352   MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, CHPONIC EFFECTS, NATURAL SEEPAGE, SANTA BARBARA
         CHANNEL,
1353   MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, API, PLATFORMS,
         NATURAL SEEPAGE,
1?57   MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PORTS, OIL SPILLS, WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES,
         UK, "MILFORD HAVEN,
1361   MARINE ORGANISMS, FISH, BLACK SEA, BENTHOS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, "SHRIMP,
         "ELECTRICAL CURRENTS,
1363   MARINE ORGANISMS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL OIL, CORALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  TROPICAL
         REGIONS,
1372   MARINE ORGANISMS, CONTAMINANTS, BEHAVIOR, TOXICITY, "SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
H76   MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARCTIC, ALASKA, OIL SPILLS, "PRUDHOE BAY,.
H82   MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, BACTERIA, "REFINED OIL, TOXICITY, METABOLISM, WEATHERING,
1392   MARINE ORGANISMS, FRANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, REFINERIES,
         WASTEWATERS, PHYTOPLANKTON,
1400   MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, API, PLATFORMS,

1402   MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, TANKESS, PORTS, MARSHES, METULA
         SPILL,  UK,  "MILFORD HAVEN,
1403   MAPINE ORGANISMS  FUEL OIL,  ECHINODERMS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, "SAND DOLLARS,
1405   MARINE ORGANISMS  CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "METABOLIC INTERACTIONS,
1«07   MARINE ORGANISMS  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,
1410   MARINE ORGANISMS; INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC,

1414   MARINEAORGAHISMS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS,  ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY,

1417   MAPINEAOPGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
         "SPIN-LABELING TECHNIQUES,
                                             333

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1«21  MARINE. ORGANISMS,  INDUSTRIES,  HYDROCARBONS,  ECOSYSTEMS,  COASTS,  WASTEWATSRS,
1U27  MARINE ORGANISMS,  EMULSIFIERS,  TOXICITY,  PHYTOPLANKTOM,
1432  MARINE ORGANISMS,  CONTAMINANTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, 'PHYSIOLOGICAL
         RESPONSE,
111 Ull  MARINE ORGANISMS,  FATE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC OCEAN,  ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
1153  MARINE ORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSANTS,  SPILL  CLEANUP, UROUIOLA SPILL,
         SPAIN,
1458  MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS,  OCEANS,
1U68  MARINE ORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  API,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,  PLATFORMS, NATURAL
         SEEPAGE,
1471  MARINE ORGANISMS,  HABITAT,  COASTS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, BEAUFORT  SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         MONITORING, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
14Q6  MARINE ORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPOSAL,  OFFSHORE  DRILLING, 'DRILLING
         WASTES,
1498  MAHIHE ORGANISMS,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEFIHG SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES,
         MONITORING, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
1505  MARINE ORGANISMS,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION,  COASTS,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  ACUTE EFFECTS,  MONITORING,
1523  MARINE ORGANISMS,  ICE,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,
         OFFSHORE DRILLING,  SPILL CLEANUP,
1533  MARINE ORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIRDS,  BASELINE  STUDIES,  ALASKA, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  DCS,
1579  MARINE ORGANISMS,  FUEL  OIL, FATE,  CONTAMINATION,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
         ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  NOAA,
1531  MARINE ORGANISMS,  FUEL  OIL, FISHERIES,  FATE,  CONTAMINATION,  ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO
         MERCHANT SPILL,  MODELS,  MOVEMENT,  NOAA,
1584  MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS,  FATE,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,
         MARSHES, METABOLISM,  MASSACHUSETTS,
1587  MARINE ORGANISMS,  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPERSIONS,  MODELS, OCEANS, SPILL
         CONTAINMENT,
1595  MARINE ORGANISMS,  FATE,  CHRONIC EFFECTS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, ACUTE  EFFECTS, OIL
         DISCHARGES, NORTH  SEA,
1625  MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  OIL INDUSTRY, OIL
         SPILLS, SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION,
1628  MARINE ORGANISMS,  CONTAMINATION, BIRDS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  WILDLIFE,  'ENDANGERED SPECIES,
         'WATER POLLUTION,
1629  MARINE ORGANISMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC, OIL
         SPILLS, SUBARCTIC  REGIONS,
1633  MARINE ORGANISMS,  FATE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  OIL  SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP,
1359  MARSHES,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES,  SHORELINES,  VEGETATION, UK,
1365  MARSHES,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,  PLANTS,  SAMPLING, 'SPECIES REDUCTION,
1371  MARSHES,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES,  VEGETATION,  UK, 'SALTMARSH,
1389  MARSHES,  CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  PHYTOPLAMKTON, 'ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS, 'DIATOMS,
1102  MARSHES,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  OIL  SPILLS, TANKERS, PORTS, METULA
         SPILL, UK,  'MILFORD  HAVEN,
1522  MARSHES,  LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, OCS, OIL SPILLS,
         PIPELINES,  'LAFOURCHE PARISH,
1544  MARSHES,  ESTUARIES, CRUDE  OIL,  EIODEGRADATION,  MICROORGANISMS,
1581)  MARSHES,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS,  FATE,  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL
         SPILLS, METABOLISM,  MASSACHUSETTS,
1024  MASSACHUSETTS, FUEL OIL, FISHERIES,  CONTAMINATION,  OIL SPILLS, 'BUZZARDS BAY,
         'SHELLFISH  RESOURCES,
1584  MASSACHUSETTS, MARSHES,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS,  FATE, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,  METABOLISM,
1031  MEDITERRANEAN  SEA,  HYDROCARBONS, CONTAMINANTS,  COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES, MONITORING,
         'POLLUTANT  TRANSPORT,
1129  MEDITERRANEAN  SEA,  ISRAEL,  CRUDE OIL,  CHROMATOGRAPHY,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SOURCE
         IDENTIFICATION,  SAMPLING, *TAR BALLS,  WEATHERING,
1052  METABOLISM, HYDHOCARBONS,  ESTUARIES,  CONTAMINATION,  MONITORING,  MOLLUSKS, 'ADENYLATE
         ENERGY CHARGE,  'ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS,
105«  METABOLISM, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  MONITORING,  UPTAKE,
1058  METABOLISM, MANUALS,  HYDROCARBONS, MONITORING,  MOLLUSKS,  UPTAKE, RELEASE,
1377  METABOLISM, HYDROCARBONS,  FISH,  CRUSTACEANS,  UPTAKE, RELEASE, 'LABELED N-ALKANES,
1378  METABOLISM, MARINE  MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA,  OIL  SPILLS, 'PHYSIOLOGY,
         'PINNIPEDS,
1382  METABOLISM, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  CRUDE  OIL,  BACTERIA,  'REFINED  OIL, TOXICITY, WEATHERING,
1397  METABOLISM, INVERTEBRATES,  FISH, TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
1404  METABOLISM, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  ALGAE,  UPTAKE,  'PHOTOSYNTHESIS,  'RESPIRATION,
1410  METABOLISM, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  INVERTEBRATES,  CRUDE  OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BEHAVIOR,
         ARCTIC,
1414  METABOLISM, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  CRUDE  OIL,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA,  ACUTE EFFECTS,
         TOXICITY,
1423  METABOLISM, FUEL OIL,  CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, 'CLAMS, «"YA ARENARIA,
1429  METABOLISM, HYDROCARBONS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  ALGAE, 'NAPHTHALENE,
1558  METABOLISM, HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,
                                            334

-------
1561   METABOLISM, CRUDE OIL, BIOCEGRADATION, BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE STUDI"  BACTP"IA
         ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE EFFECTS, UPTAKE,
1565   METABOLISM, HYDROCARBONS, ESTUARIES, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  'CYCLOHEXANE
1584   METABOLISM, MASSACHUSETTS,  MARSHES,  MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS  FATE
         DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,
1360   METULA SPILL, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, FISHERIES,  BIRDS,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS  ALGAE
         MOLLUSKS,                                                          '
1102   METULA SPILL, MARSHES, MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  OIL SPILLS,  TANKERS,
         PORTS, UK, 'MILFORD HAVEN,
145"   METULA SPILL, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  CRUDF  OIL
1017   MEXICO/GULF OF,  OIL SPILLS, DCS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,
1092   MEXICO/GULF OF,  HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING,  REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,
         SOURCES, 'MISSISSIPPI DELTA,
1099   MEXICO/GULF OF,  HYDROCARBONS, DISTRIBUTION,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  BENTHOS, OCS  TEXAS,
1226   MEXICO/GULF OF,  LIABILITY,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL, TANKERS,  SAFETY,
         USCG, "FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE,
1341   MICHIGAN, POLLUTION PREVENTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, »FREEWAY  RUNOFF,
1C82   MICROORGANISMS,  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC  COAST,  SAMPLING, SEAWATER,
         SEDIMENTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,
1160   MICROORGANISMS,  BIODEGRADATION, SPILL DISPOSAL, SOIL, PATENT,
1175   MICROORGANISMS,  BIODEGRADATION, OIL SLICKS,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  PATENT,  'NUTRIENT PARTICLES,
1354   MICROORGANISMS,  FUEL OIL, OIL SPILLS, TOXICITY, YEASTS,  'ULTRAVIOLET  LIGHT EXPOSURE,
1448   MICROORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE  OIL,  SEDIMENTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         RELEASE, 'TRACE METALS,
1544   MICROORGANISMS,  MARSHES, ESTUARIES,  CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION,
1545   MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION,  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE  STUDIES, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,
1=46   MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
1552   MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS, HIODEGRADATION,  'AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT,
1553   MICROORGANISMS,  CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BEAUFORT SEA, SAMPLING,
1554   MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION,  ATLANTIC  OCEAN, SAMPLING,
1556   MICROORGANISMS,  CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION, BEACHES, OXIDATION,  'BEACH GRAVEL,
1557   MICROORGANISMS,  FUELS, BIODEGRADATION, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
1559   MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS, EIODEGRADATION,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
1563   MICROORGANISMS,  CRUDE OIL,  BIODEGRADATION, ATLANTIC COAST,  SAMPLING, OFFSHORE
         DRILLING, 'OIL DEVELOPMENT SITES,
1567   MICROORGANISMS,  CHESAPEAKE  BAY, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,
         SEDIMENTS,
1563   MICROORGANISMS,  ESTUARIES,  CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,
1085   MISSISSIPPI, HYDROCARBONS,  ESTUARIES, ALABAMA,  SAMPLING,  SEDIMENTS, OCS, OIL SPILLS,
         TOXICITY,
1Q80   MODELS, DETECTION, COASTS,  REMOTE SENSING, OIL  SPILLS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, 'LINEAR
         PROGRAMMING,
1089   MODELS, CARCINOGENS, PAH, »BENZO(A)ANTHRACENE,
1115   MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, TANKERS, OIL SPILLS,  'OPTIMAL TANKER SIZE,
1172   MODELS, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,  'HYDRODYNAMIC PROBLEMS,
1220   MODELS, OIL TRANSFER, TANKERS, 'ICE  COOLING PATES,
1222   MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COST  ANALYSIS,  OIL  TRANSFER, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  SPREADING,
1223   MODELS, LEAKAGE, FATE, EVAPORATION,  OIL TRANSPORT, PIPELINES, OIL  SPILLS,  SPREADING,
         'IGNITION HAZARDS,
1440   MODELS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, REFINERIES, WASTEWATERS, POLLUTION  CONTROL, 'INDUSTRY COSTS,
1447   MODELS, ALASKA,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE  IMPACTS,
1516   MODELS, GROUKDWATEP, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PRODUCTION, 'TERTIARY  OIL RECOVERY
         METHODS, WATER QUALITY,
1540   MODELS, FATE, OIL HELLS, 'SUBMARINE  BLOWOUT SIMULATION, CONTAINMENT,
1572   MODELS, HYDROCARBONS, EVAPORATION, CRUDE OIL,  OIL  SPILLS, SOLUTION, TOXICITY,
1530   MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COST  ANALYSIS,  OIL  SPILLS, NORTH  SEA,  'COMPUTER
         SIMULATION,
1581   MODELS, MARINE ORGANISMS, FUEL OIL,  FISHERIES,  FATE,  CONTAMINATION, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
         ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  MOVEMENT, NOAA,
158^   MODELS, FATE, OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT,  'GULF STREAM,
1585   MODELS, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, MOVEMENT, OFFSHORE  DRILLING,  PRUDHOE BAY, 'OCEAN
         CIRCULATION,  'POLLUTANT  TRANSPORT,

1587   MODELS! MARINE'ORGANISMS, FATE,"ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  DISPERSIONS, OCEANS, SPILL
         r*f!MT A T MMFNT
1590   MODELS, FATE, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, 'CIRCULATION,  OCS,  OIL  SPILLS, 'TRAJECTORY
         ANALYSIS,
1599   MODELS, FATE, OIL SPILLS, OCEANS, 'COMPUTER PROGRAMMING,

              jiM^                                       »•>!«»«. ™« 3°°«>.
         OIL SPILLS, NOAA,
1046   MOLLUSKS, CRUSTACEANS, COST ANALYSIS, CONTAMINANTS, MONITORING,  'MUSSELS, 'BARNACLES,
                                            335

-------
 1052  MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, HYDROCAPEONS, ESTUARIES, CONTAMINATION1, MONITORING, "ADENYLAT3
         ENERGY CHARGE, "ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS,
 1058  MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, MANUALS, HYDROCARBONS, MONITORING, UPTAKE, RELEASE,
 1100  MOLLUSKS, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, .CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, "SOXHLET
         EXTRACTION, "SAPONIFICATION,
 1351  MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, DISPERSIONS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, "OYSTER, "CPASSOSTREA, VIRGINICA,
 1360  MOLLUSKS, METULA SPILL, MAGELLAN/STRAIT OF, FISHERIES, BIRDS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         ALGAE,
 1366  MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, WASTE OIL, "CLAMS, "MERCENARIA,
 138^  MOLLUSKS, CALIFORNIA/SOUTHERN, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "TOLERANCE
         VARIABILITY, "LITTORINA,
 nS7  MOLLUSKS, HABITAT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL SPILLS,
         OCS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, "CLAMS,
 1388  MOLLUSKS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "LARVAE, "OXYGEN UPTAKE , "MERETRIX LUSORIA,
 1422  MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "CLAMS, "MYA ARENARIA,
 1423  MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, FUEL OIL,  CRUDE OIL,  TOXICITY, "CLAMS, "MYA ARENARIA,
 1424  MOLLUSKS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS,
         TOXICITY, "HONG KONG,
 1426  MOLLUSKS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA,  SEDIMENTS, "CLAMS, "INDICATOR
         SPECIES, "MACOMA BALTHICA,
 1430  MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, EMULSIONS, DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, TOXICITY, UK,
 1435  MOLLUSKS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "CLAMS,
 14^6  MOLLUSKS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "CLAMS,
 1011  MONITORING, OIL SPILLS, "EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SPILL CLEANUP, NORTH SEA, NORWAY,
 1012  MONITORING, CONTAMINATION, BIRDS,  UK, "BIRD MORTALITY,
 1031  MONITORING, FATE, CONTAMINANTS,  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, "OCEAN CURRENTS, OCS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1032  MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, BENTHOS, SEDIMENTS, UK, "SUBLITTORAL
         MACROFAUNA, "MILFORD HAVEN,
 1033  MONITORING, EALLAST, OIL SLICKS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, TANKERS, "OIL-WATER INTERFACE,
 1034  MONITORING, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, HYDROCARBONS, CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES,
         "POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,
 1035  MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, SEDIMENTS, PUGET SOUND,
         OIL SPILLS, NOAA,
 1036  MONITORING, BILGES, BALLAST, OIL DISCHARGES, SHIPS,
 1037  MONITORING, ESTUARIES,  CONTAMINANTS, COASTS, "METHODS, "INDICATOR ORGANISMS,
 1038  MONITORING, ESTUARIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,
         "STREAMFLOW, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,
 1039  MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, BALLAST,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATERS, PATENT, "SOUND
         VELOCITY CHARACTERISTICS,
 1040  MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OCS, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "NATURALLY-OCCURRING HYDROCARBONS,
 1041  MONITORING, GROUNDWATER, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTAMINATION, SPILL CLEANUP,
 10^2  MONITORING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  BALLAST, OIL SLICKS, TANKERS, PATENT,
 1043  MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA,
         "CELTIC SEA
 1044  MONITORING, LEAKAGE, DETECTION,  PIPELINES,  PATENT, "MOBILE RECEIVER,
 1045  MONITORING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  OIL SLICKS, "SPILL TRACKING BUOY,
 1046  MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, CRUSTACEANS,  COST ANALYSIS, CONTAMINANTS, "MUSSELS, "BARNACLES,
 1047  MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA/GULF OF, OCEANS, "CIRCULATION PATTERNS, OCS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1048  MONITORING, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, OIL DISCHARGES, OIL
         INDUSTRY,
 1049  MONITORING, DETECTION,  BILGES, EALLAST, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SPECTPOMSTRY, WASTE
         OIL, "SUMMING LUMINESCENCE SPECTROMETRY,
 1050  MONITORING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  OFFSHORE DRILLING, PATENT, "OIL-IN-WATER,
 1051  MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, CRUSTACEANS, SEAWATER,  "MOTOR BEHAVIOR,
 1052  MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM,  HYDROCARBONS, ESTUARIES, CONTAMINATION, "ADENYLATE
         ENERGY CHARGE, "ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS,
 1053  MONITORING, DETECTION,  CONTAMINANTS, "OIL-IN-WATER, PATENT,
 1054  MONITORING, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, UPTAKE,
 1055  MONITORING, WASTE OIL,  REFINERIES,  SAMPLING, WASTEWATERS,
 1056  MONITORING, FISH, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, "EELS, "BIO-INDICATORS,
 1057  MONITORING, BALTIC SEA, PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS, NORTH SEA, NORWEGIAN SEA,
 1058  MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM,  MANUALS,  HYDROCAPEONS, UPTAKE, RELEASE,
 1059  MONITORING, FATE, CONTAMINANTS,  COASTS, BASELINE  STUDIES, ALASKA, "WIND CONDITIONS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1060  MONITORING, FATE, CONTAMINANTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, "OCEAN CURRENTS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1061  MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         ALASKA/GULF OF, "MASINE CLIMATOLOGY, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
 1062  MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, FATE,  DISTRIBUTION, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, OCS,
1003 MONITORING,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, CRUDE  OIL, ALASKA, SEDIMENTS, UPTAKE, RELEASE,  "PORT
         VALDEZ,
1064  MONITORING, LEAKAGE, PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT, "PIPELINE LEAK DETECTORS,
                                             336

-------
1065   MONITORING,  FUEL OIL, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, SHIPS  "OIL-IN-WAT^R
         DETECTOR,
1066   MONITORING,  CONTAMINANTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, *UN,
1067   MONITORING,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, WASTEHATERS, REFINERIES
         "COLORIMETRY,
1068   MONITORING,  FUEL OIL, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINANTS  PATENT
         •OPTICAL  SENSOR,                                                   • -     .
1069   MONITORING,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, OIL SLICKS, PATENT, "LIGHT CENSOR
1070   MONITORING,  DISTRIBUTION, COASTS, BEAUFORT SEA, TAR, SOURCES
1077   MONITORING,  REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, MOVEMENT, 'SATELLITE-AIRCRAFT-DROGUE STUDIES,
1090   MONITORING,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WASTEWATEBS, REFINERIES  TOXICITY
1221   MONITORING,  IMCO, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SHIPS,
1304   MONITORING,  BILGES, WASTE OIL DISPOSAL, TANKERS, RHINE RIVER, 'COMPUTER SURVEILLANCE,
13?0   MONITORING,  IMCO, OIL DISCHARGES, TANKERS, POLLUTION CONTROL, REGULATIONS,  "BAILEY
         MONITOR PROGRAM,
1335   MONITORING,  LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL INDUSTRY, UK, OIL SPILLS,
         WASTEWATERS,
1337   MONITORING,  DISPOSAL, DETECTION, BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL,
         "EQUIPMENT EVALUATION,
1353   MONITORING,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, WASTEWATERS,  REFINERIES, PORTS,  UK,
         "HILFGRD  HAVEN, "OIL POLLUTION RESEARCH UNIT,
1"57   MONITORING,  DISPFPSANTS, CONTAMINATION, OIL SPILLS, REFINERIES, TOXICITY,  *BOOK  REVIEW,
14&2   MONITORING,  FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHINA, OIL  SPILLS,  PLANKTON,  "HONG  KONG,
1167   MOi-ilTOPING,  ICE, FOOD WEE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         PHYTOPLANKTON, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1*69   MONITORING,  FISHERIES, ESTUARIES, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT  SEA,
         BASELINE  STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1«71   MONITORING,  MARINE ORGANISMS, FABITAT, COASTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT  SEA,
         BASELINE  STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1^72   MONITORING,  MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,  OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "BEARDED AND RINGED SEALS, "ECOLOGY,
1480   MONITORING,  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF  OF,
         ZOOPLANKTON, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1481   MONITORING,  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF  OF,
         PLANKTON, "ICHTHYOPLANKTON, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
U82   MONITORING,  DISTRIBUTION, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE  STUDIES,  PLANKTON,
1485   MONITORING,  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF
         OF, "PRODUCTIVITY, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
14Q1   MONITORING,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,  SEDIMENTS,  OCS,
         OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
1J1QU   MONITORING,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, PHYTOPLANKTON,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,
         "PRIMARY  PRODUCTION,
1497   MONITORING,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE  STUDIES,
         ALASKA/GULF OF, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, "FISH DISEASES,
1498   MONITORING,  MARINE ORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,  BASELINE
         STUDIES,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1505   MONITORING,  MARINE ORGANISMS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, DISTRIBUTION,  COASTS, CHRONIC  EFFECTS,
         BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE EFFECTS,
1547   MONITORING,  CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, ARCTIC, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
         TOXICITY, "AMPHIPODS,
1550   MONITORING,  HYDROCARBONS, COASTS, EIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,
1594   MONITORING,  ICE, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, SPREADING, MOVEMENT,  WEATHERING, SPILL  CLEANUP,
1617   MONITORING,  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, IMCO, TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL
         DISCHARGES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
1621   MONITORING,  GUIDELINES, CANADA, POLLUTION CONTROL, REFINERIES,  WASTEWATERS,
         REGULATIONS,
1023   MOVEMENT, JAPAN, FUEL OIL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CLEANUP,  "INLAND

1077   MOVEMENT  MONITORING, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, "SATELLITE-AIRCRAFT-DROGUE  STUDIES,
H86   MOVEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST, OIL SPILLS,  WWII SPILLS,  TANKERS,
1531   MOVEMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIRDS, BEAUFORT SEA,  OFFSHORE
         DRILLING, OIL SPILLS, SPREADING,
1575   MOVEMENT, ICE, CRUDE OIL,
1576   MOVEMENT, OIL SPILLS, SPREADING, "WAVE INTERACTION ANALYSIS,
1561   MOVEMENT! MODELS, MARINE ORGANISMS, FUEL OIL, FISHERIES,  FATE,  CONTAMINATION,  ATLANTIC
         OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, NOAA,
1583   MOVEMENT, MODELS, FATE, .OIL SPILLS, "GULF STREAM,                     .„„_„„
1585   MOVEMENT, MODELS, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,  PRUDHOE  BAY, "OCEAN
         CIRCULATION, "POLLUTANT TRANSPORT,

1588   MOVEMENT) BASELINE STUDIES. ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE  DRILLING,  "OCEAN


III?   TviSrSftlSo^Tc^ C^SDE^L^S^C^S^lD^r^EHtHG, SPILL CLEANUP,
1600   MOVEMENT, MODELS, DRIFT, OIL SPILLS, "COMPUTER MODELING,
                                            337

-------
 1352  NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, CHRONIC EFFECTS, SANTA BARBARA
         CHANNEL,
 H53  NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         API, PLATFORMS,
 1400  NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         API, PLATFORMS,
 1468  NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, API, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION,
         PLATFORMS,
 1339  NETHERLANDS, LEGISLATION, LAW ENFORCEMENT, HARBORS, POLLUTION CONTROL, TANKERS, WATER
         QUALITY,
 1566  NEUSTON, CASPIAN SEA, BLACK SEA, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL SLICKS,
         *AZOV SEA,
 1535  NEW JERSEY, DELAWARE, COASTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE IMPACTS, PORTS,
         SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
 1601  NEW JERSEY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, REGULATIONS, SPILL CLEANUP, STATE GOVERNMENTS,
         OIL TRANSFER,
 1118  NEW YORK, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, DETECTION, CRANKCASE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
         WASTEWATERS,
 1035  HOAA, MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, SEDIMENTS, PUGET
         SOUND, OIL SPILLS,
 1579  HOAA, MARINE ORGANISMS, FUEL OIL, FATE, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC
         OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
 1581  NOAA, MOVEMENT, MODELS, MARINE ORGANISMS, FUEL OIL, FISHERIES, FATE, CONTAMINATION,
         ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
 1005  NORTH SEA, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, SPILL CONTAINMENT, *WELL BLOWOUT,
 1007  NORTH SEA, OIL SPILLS, "EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SPILL CLEANUP, NORWAY,
 1108  NORTH SEA, BEACHES, OIL SPILLS, SCOTLAND,
 10C9  NORTH SEA, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, SPILL CONTAINMENT, *EKOFISK WELL BLOWOUT,
 1011  NORTH SEA, MONITORING, OIL SPILLS, *EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SPILL CLEANUP, NORWAY,
 1043  NORTH SEA, MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         "CELTIC SEA,
 1057  NORTH SEA, MONITORING, BALTIC SEA, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, NORWEGIAN SEA,
 11H7  NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ECONOMICS, SPILL CLEANUP, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
         SAFETY, NORWAY,
 1162  NORTH SEA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
 1329  NORTH SEA, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OFFSHORE
         DRILLING, OIL TRANSPORT, SPILL CLEANUP,
 1333  NORTH SEA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL SPILLS, *SUPPORT SYSTEMS,
 1580  NORTH SEA, MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, OIL SPILLS, 'COMPUTER
         SIMULATION,
 1582  NORTH SEA, FATE, EVAPORATION, DISPERSIONS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL SPILLS, SPILL
         RECOVERY, *EKOFISK WELL BLOWOUT,
 1595  NORTH SEA, MARINE ORGANISMS, FATE, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS,
         OIL DISCHARGES,
 1612  NORTH SEA, LIABILITY, REGULATIONS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORWAY,
 1616  NORTH SEA, LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, EUROPE, POLLUTION CONTROL,
         REGULATIONS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1007  NORWAY, NORTH SEA, OIL SPILLS, *EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SPILL CLEANUP,
 1011  NORWAY, NORTH SEA, MONITORING, OIL SPILLS, *EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SPILL CLEANUP,
 1117  NORWAY, NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ECONOMICS, SPILL CLEANUP, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, SAFETY,
 1612  NORWAY, NORTH SEA, LIABILITY, REGULATIONS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1057  NORWEGIAN SEA, NORTH SEA, MONITORING, BALTIC SEA, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
 1047  OCEANS, MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF, "CIRCULATION PATTERNS, OCS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1075  OCEANS, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS,
 1079  OCEANS, DETECTION, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, "LASERS,
 1083  OCEANS, HYDROCARBONS, FATE, SAMPLING,
 1108  OCEANS, CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SEDIMENTS, PORTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, USSR,
 1164  OCEANS, SPILL CLEANUP,
 1201  OCEANS, HARBORS, OIL DISCHARGES, SHIPS, ."MERCHANT SHIPS,
 1106  OCEANS, FOOD WEE, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PHYTOPLANKTON,
 1438  OCEANS, FATE,  DRIFT,  OIL SLICKS, *WAVE DAMPING, »WIND WAVE TUNNEL,
 14U6  OCEANS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION, WATER QUALITY, OFFSHORE EXPLORATION,
 1450  OCEANS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
 1458  OCEANS, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS,
 1587  OCEANS, MODELS, MARINE ORGANISMS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSIONS, SPILL
         CONTAINMENT,
 1599  OCEANS, MODELS, FATE, OIL SPILLS, "COMPUTER PROGRAMMING,
 1017  OCS,  MEXICO/GULF OF,  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,
 1031  OCS,  MONITORING, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, "OCEAN CURRENTS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
 1040  OCS,  MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT, "NATURALLY-OCCURRING HYDROCARBONS,
1047  OCS,  OCEANS,  MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF OF,  "CIRCULATION  PATTERNS,
                                            338

-------
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1062  OCS, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, FATF, DISTRIBUTION,  BASELINE STUDIES
1072  OCS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA, REMOTE SENSING
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OIL SPILLS,
1078  OCS, ESTUARIES, DISPERSIONS, REMOTE SENSING, WASTEWATERS, "CURRENT CIRCULATION
1085  CCS, MISSISSIPPI, HYDROCARBONS, ESTUARIES,  ALABAMA, SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS, OIL SPILLS
         TOXICITY,                                                                       '
1099  ocs, MEXICO/GULF OF, HYDROCARBONS, DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BENTHOS, TEXAS
1207  OCS, ECONOMICS, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL  SPILLS, STORAGE, TANKERS
         PIPELINES, OIL TANKS, »HISK ANALYSIS,
1332  OCS, HEALTH HAZARDS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OIL TRANSPORT, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL
         HELLS, SAFETY,                                                           '
1387  OCS, MOLLUSKS, HABITAT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL
         SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, "CLAMS,
1478  OCS, EIS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC OCEAN, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, "GEORGES BANK
1191  OCS, MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,  SEDIMENTS,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1492  OCS, HABITAT, FISHERIES, FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, "PACIFIC HERRING,
1493  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, BENTHOS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, PLANKTON,
1495  OCS, MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, "SEALS, "TROPHIC STRUCTURE,
14Q7  OCS, MONITORING, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE
         STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, "FISH DISEASES,
1?10  OCS, CALIFORNIA, OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  POLLUTION
         CONTROL,
1514  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CALIFORNIA COAST,  OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,
1515  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL INDUSTRY,  OIL
         WELLS,
1513  OCS, HYDROCARBONS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BLM, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  "TRACE METALS,
1520  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL SPILLS,  "GEOLOGY,
         "HYDROLOGY, "YUKON DELTA,
1522  OCS, MARSHES, LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OIL SPILLS,
         PIPELINES, "LAFOURCHE PARISH,
1533  OCS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIRDS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1534  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BASELINE' STUDIES, ALASKA,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1539  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  "RISK
         ANALYSIS,
1542  OCS, HABITAT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ONSHORE IMPACTS,  SPILL
         CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1545  OCS, MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION,  BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1546  OCS, MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,
         OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,
1590  OCS, MODELS, FATE, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, "CIRCULATION, OIL SPILLS, "TRAJECTORY
         ANALYSIS,
15§1  OCS, FATE, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OIL SPILLS, "OCEAN
         CIRCULATION, "FLOW TRAJECTORIES,
1596  OCS, FATE, EIS, ATLANTIC COAST, OIL TRANSPORT, "SUSPENDED  MATTER,
1597  OCS, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,  "OCEAN  CIRCULATION, OFFSHORE
         DEVELOPMENT,
1031  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, MONITORING,  FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BEAUFORT SEA,  BASELINE
         STUDIES, "OCEAN CURRENTS,
10^8  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  COASTS,  BASELINE
         STUDIES, "ALASKA,  "STREAMFLOW, OIL SPILLS,
1040  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, MONITORING,  HYDROCARBONS, DISTRIBUTION,  BERING SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES, "NATURALLY-OCCURRING HYDROCARBONS,
1043  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS, BASELINE STUDIES,
         "CELTIC SEA,
1047  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, OCEANS, MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA/GULF  OF,
         "CIRCULATION PATTERNS,
1059  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, FATE, CONTAMINANTS,  COASTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,

1060  OFFS'KORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, FATE, CONTAMINANTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF

1061  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,"MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA,  BEAUFORT SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF,  "MARINE CLIMATOLOGY,
1072  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  ALASKA,

1147  OFFSHOREEDEVELOPMENT,.NORWAY,'NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ECONOMICS,  SPILL
         CLEANUP, SAFETY,
1162  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
1222  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COST  ANALYSIS, OIL TRANSFER,
                                           339

-------
         SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  SPREADING,
      OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  NORTH SEA,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL SPILLS,  "SUPPORT SYSTEMS,
13!47  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  OIL  SPILLS,
         REGULATIONS, SAFETY,  »OCEAN TECHNOLOGY,
1350  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  FOOD WEB,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,
         OIL SPILLS, "PRIMARY  PRODUCTION,
1387  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  MOLLUSKS,  HABITAT,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE  STUDIES,
         ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL SPILLS, "CLAMS,
1119  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  FISHERIES,  FISH,  CRUDE OIL,  ALASKA/GULF OF,  ACUTE EFFECTS,
         TOXICITY, *PACIFIC  HERRING,
1447  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MODELS,  ALASKA,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS,
1448  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MICROORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, CRUDE  OIL, SEDIMENTS,
         RELEASE, *TRACE METALS,
1467  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING, ICE,  FOOD WEB,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, 3EPIMG SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES, PHYTOPLANKTON,
1469  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING, FISHERIES, ESTUARIES, DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
1471  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS,  HABITAT, COASTS, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
1472  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING, MARINE MAMMALS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA,
         BEAUFORT SEA, *BEARDED AND  RINGED SEALS, *ECOLOGY,
1473  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES, *SPOTTED  SEAL,
1474  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  ICE, HABITAT,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         BERING SEA, BEAUFORT  SEA, BASELINE  STUDIES,
1475  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA/GULF
         OF, »SEA LIONS, "ECOLOGY, "TROPHIC  STRUCTURE,
1477  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  BEAUFORT SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES,
1479  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  DISTRIBUTION, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         ZOOPLANKTON, "MICRONEKTON,
1480  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,
         ALASKA/GULF OF, ZOOPLANKTON,
1481  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,
         ALASKA/GULF OF, PLANKTON, »ICHTHYOPLANKTON,
1483  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  BERING SEA,  BASELINE STUDIES, TOXICITY,
         •MORTALITY,
1484  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BENTHOS,
         ALASKA/GULF OF, "PRODUCTIVITY,
1485  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, BASELINE
         STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF  OF, "PRODUCTIVITY, STATISTICAL  ANALYSIS,
1487  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE
         STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF  OF,
1488  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
         BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, OIL-GAS LEASING,  OIL SPILLS,
1489  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES, "WHALES,
1490  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES, OIL-GAS LEASING,
14Q1  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  MONITORING,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, 'BENTHOS, BASELINE
         STUDIES, ALASKA,  SEDIMENTS,
1492  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  HABITAT, FISHERIES,  FISH, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES, "PACIFIC  HERRING,
1493  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECOSYSTEMS, BENTHOS, PLANKTON,
1494  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES, PHYTOPLANKTON,
         "PRIMARY PRODUCTION,
1495  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING
         SEA,  BEAUFORT SEA,  "SEALS,  "TROPHIC  STRUCTURE,
1497  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  MONITORING,  FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
         BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, "FISH DISEASES,
1498  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         BERING SEA, BASELINE  STUDIES,
1499  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  FISHERIES,  FISH,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,
         ALASKA/GULF OF, "SHELLFISH, "DEMERSAL RESOURCES,
1500  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  FOOD WEB, CONTAMINANTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         ALASKA/GULF OF, "ECOLOGY, "HARBOR  SEAL,
1501  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE
         STUDIES, ALASKA,  "SEA OTTERS,
1502  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS,  HABITAT,  DISTRIBUTION, CONTAMINATION,  ALASKA,
         "SEA  OTTERS,
1503  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  FOOD WEB,  FISH,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,  BASELINE
         STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF  OF,
1508  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  FRANCE,  FISHERIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION,
1510  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  CALIFORNIA,  OIL-GAS LEASING, ONSHORE IMPACTS, POLLUTION.
         CONTROL,
                                            340

-------
1513   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PLATFORMS, REGULATION"*  O^L INDUSTRY
151"   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, 5IS, CALIFORNIA COAST, OIL-GAS*'
         LEASING ,
1515   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST, OIL INDUSTRY, OIL
         WELLS ,
1517   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
         •CONFERENCES, *COASTAL IMPACTS,                        .....   '
1518   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, HYDROCARBONS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ELM, *TPACE METALS
1519   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, LEGISLATION, CALIFORNIA COAST, ONSHOR5 IMPACTS
1520   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, ENVIHONMSNTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, OIL SPILLs! *GEOLOGY,
         •HYDROLOGY, *YUKON DELTA,
1522   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, MARSHES, LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, OIL  SPILLS
         PIPELINES, *LAFOURCHE PARISH,
1529   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, LIABILITY, INSURANCE, REGULATIONS, SHIPS, PORTS
1533   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIRDS,  BASELINE
         STUDIES,  ALASKA,
153i|   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,
1535   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NEW JERSEY, DELAWARE, COASTS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, PORTS,
         SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
1539   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST, OIL SPILLS,  *RISK
         ANALYSIS,
15" 1   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, SOCIAL EFFECTS,
1542   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, HABITAT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, SPILL
         CLEANUP,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1545   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, 5IODEGRADATION , BEAUFORT  SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES,
15^6   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, 3IODEGRADATION , BASELINE
         STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,
1591   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, FATE, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF,  OIL SPILLS, *OCEAN
         CIRCULATION, *FLOW TRAJECTORIES,
1593   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, FOOD WEB, FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION, BERING SEA, 'CIRCULATION,
         •BRISTOL BAY,
1597   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, *OCEAN
         CIRCULATION,
16C6   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  US, OIL-GAS LEASING,
         ONSHORE IMPACTS,  »OCS LANDS ACT AMENDMENTS,
1612   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORWAY, NORTH SEA, LIABILITY, REGULATIONS,
1616   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA, LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  EUROPE,
         POLLUTION CONTROL, REGULATIONS,
1626   OFFSHOflE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT,
1630   OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, FISH, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  BEAUFORT
         SEA,
1005   OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  *WELL  BLOWOUT,
1009   OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, OIL SPILLS, SPILL CONTAINMENT,  *EKOFISK WELL  BLOWOUT,
1017   OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, MEXICO/GULF OF, OIL SPILLS,
1050   OFFSHORE DRILLING, MONITORING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT, »OIL-IN-WATER ,
1032   OFFSHORE DRILLING, MICROORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC  COAST,
         SAMPLING, SEAWATER, SEDIMENTS,
1'28   OFFSHORE DRILLING, BLOWOUT PREVENTION, »RISERLESS DRILLING METHOD,
1329   OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, POLLUTION
         PREVENTION, OIL TRANSPORT, SPILL CLEANUP,
1332   OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, HEALTH HAZARDS, OIL TRANSPORT, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL
         WELLS,  SAFETY,
1476   OFFSHORE DRILLING, FOOD WEE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, BEAUFORT  SEA,  OIL SPILLS,
1496   OFFSHORE DRILLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DISPOSAL, *DRILLIMG
         WASTES
1507   OFFSHOPE"DRILLING, ONSHORE IMPACTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  PRODUCTION,
1=23   OFFSHORE DRILLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, ICE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BEAUFORT  SEA,
         BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC, SPILL CLEANUP,
1530   OFFSHORE DRILLING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ONSHORE IMPACTS,
1531   OFFSHORE DRILLING, MOVEMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BIRDS,
         BEAUFORT SEA, OIL SPILLS, SPREADING,
1536   OFFSHORE DRILLING, CALIFORNIA COAST, ONSHORE IMPACTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, *LAND  USE
         '""QN^LXCTS
156*   OFF'HORE DRILLING, MICROORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION ,  ATLANTIC COAST,
         SAMPLING, »OIL DEVELOPMENT SITES,
1582   OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, FATS, EVAPORATION, DISPERSIONS,  OIL SPILLS,  SPILL
         RECOVERY, »EKOFISK WELL BLOWOUT,
1585   OFFSHORE DRILLING, MOVEMENT, MODELS, FATE, CONTAMINANTS, PRUDHOE BAY, 'OCEAN
1588  OFFSHCRDRILLINCOVfiMENTBASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL SPILLS, "OCEAN
141*6  OFFSHORELEXPLORATION, OCEANS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION, WATER QUALITY,
1001  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SEDIMENTS,
1468  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, API,
                                            341

-------
         PLATFORMS,
1473  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, OCS,  SIS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC OCEAN,  *GEORGES BANK,
I486  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BERING SEA,  BENTHOS,  BASELINE STUDIES, OIL
         TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS,
1521  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  DEVELOPMENT,  US,  OIL SHALS,
1526  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, HYDROCARBONS, FATE,  EXTRACTION,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, COASTS,
         *PRODUCEC WATERS,
1^28  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ECONOMICS, SAFETY,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1213  OHIO, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS,  CRUDE OIL,  STORAGE, WATER QUALITY,  OIL SPILLS,
         *IRONTON MINE,
1036  OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING,  BILGES,  BALLAST,  SHIPS,
1048  OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING,  GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, OIL
         INDUSTRY,
1201  OIL DISCHARGES, OCEANS,  HARBORS,  SHIPS, *MERCHANT SHIPS,
1203  OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS,  FISHERIES,  FATE,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, OIL TRANSPORT,
         SOURCES, PACIFIC OCEAN,
1206  OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  OIL TRANSFER, PORTS, UK,
         *MILFORD HAVEN,
1219  OIL DISCHARGES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, TANKERS,  OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL SPILLS,
         •SUPERTANKERS,
1324  OIL DISCHARGES, LEGISLATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING, US, SPILL
         CLEANUP, SURVEILLANCE,
1330  OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING,  IMCO,  TANKERS,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,  REGULATIONS, *BAILEY
         MONITOR PROGRAM,
1331  OIL DISCHARGES, EPA, DRILLING,  CONTINGENCY  PLANNING,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,
         REGULATIONS, "NAVIGABLE  WATERS,
1U49  OIL DISCHARGES, FATE, DISPERSANTS, .CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SHIPS, TANKERS,
1512  OIL DISCHARGES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS,  PORTS,  REGULATIONS, SAFETY, *DEEPWATER
         PORT,
1595  OIL DISCHARGES, NORTH SEA,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  FATE,  CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS,
1608  OIL DISCHARGES, LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US, STATE GOVERNMENTS,
         •NAVIGABLE WATERS,
1611  OIL DISCHARGES, LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS, US, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1617  OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING,  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, IMCO, TANKERS, POLLUTION
         PREVENTION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
1619  OIL DISCHARGES, LAW ENFORCEMENT,  INTERNATIONAL  CONVENTIONS, SHIPS,  POLLUTION CONTROL,
         OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
1470  OIL FIELDS, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, DEVELOPMENT,  COASTS,  BIRDS,  ALASKA,  PRUDHOE
         BAY, *TUNDRA WETLANDS,
1488  OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, BERING  SEA,  BEAUFORT  SEA, BASELINE  STUDIES, OIL SPILLS,
14QO  OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, BERING  SEA,  BASELINE  STUDIES,
1510  OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  CALIFORNIA, ONSHORE IMPACTS, POLLUTION
         CONTROL,
1514  OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SIS, CALIFORNIA
         COAST
1524  OIL-GAS LEASING, FISHERIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS, BLM, ATLANTIC OCEAN, ARGO
         MERCHANT SPILL,  *GEORGES  BANK,
1606  OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, LEGISLATION,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, US,
         ONSHORE IMPACTS, »OCS LANDS ACT AMENDMENTS,
1048  OIL INDUSTRY, OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING, GOVERNMENT  AGENCIES, ENVIRONMENTAL
         PROTECTION,
1096  OIL INDUSTRY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WATER  QUALITY,  POLLUTION CONTROL, WASTEWATERS,
         SAMPLING, "ON-LINE INSTRUMENTATION,
1238  OIL INDUSTRY, MANUALS, HASTEWATER TREATMENT,  PETROCHEMICALS, REFINERIES, POLLUTION
         CONTROL,
1288  OIL INDUSTRY, INDUSTRIES,  DISPOSAL,  WASTEWATERS,  SOLID WASTES,
1335  OIL INDUSTRY, MONITORING,  LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, UK,  OIL SPILLS,
         WASTEWATERS,
1342  OIL INDUSTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, POLLUTION  PREVENTION, REFINING,  OIL TRANSPORT,
         OIL SPILLS,
1442  OIL INDUSTRY, HYDROCARBONS,  DISPERSANTS,  CONTAMINATION, "AQUATIC POLLUTION,
1509  OIL INDUSTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,
1513  OIL INDUSTRY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PLATFORMS, REGULATIONS,
1515  OIL INDUSTRY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST,  OIL
         WELLS,
1525  OIL INDUSTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, PRODUCTION, SCOTLAND,
         *SULLOM VOE,
1623  OIL INDUSTRY, HEALTH HAZARDS, GUIDELINES, STORAGE,  SAFETY, *BULK PETROLEUM  PLANTS,
1625  OIL INDUSTRY, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  OIL
         SPILLS,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
1521  OIL SHALE,  OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT,  US,
1527  OIL SHALE,  EXTRACTION, EIS,  DISPOSAL, COLORADO, SOLID WASTES, RESTORATION,
                                            342

-------
1537
1538
15^3
1015
1033
1043
1045
1069
1071
1074
1075
1076
1077
1079
1081
1093
1 140
1157
1175
1233
1436
1U65

1551
1565

1570
1577
1586
1592
1624

1005
100?
1108
1C09
101 1
1C14
1C 1-7
1018

1020
1021
1023

1024

1029
1030
1035

1038

1072

1C80

1085

1115
1124
1130
1197
1198
1200
1202
1207

1211

1212

1130
OIL SHALE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT   PRODUCTION
OIL SHALE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT,  'RESEARCH  PROGRAMS
OIL SHALE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT,
OIL SLICKS, ENGLAND, CONTAMINATION, COASTS, BIRDS, RESTORATION,
OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, BALLAST, POLLUTION PREVENTION, TANKERS  «OIL-W^ER INTERFACE
OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BALLAST, TANKERS, PATENT
OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "SPILL TRACKING BUOY
OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, PATENT,  'LIGHT SENIOR
OIL SLICKS, DETECTION, REMOTE SENSING, USGS, 'LANDSftT IMAGERY
OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, REMOTE SENSING, SURVEILLANCE,
OIL SLICKS, OCEANS, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, REMOTE  SENSING
OIL SLICKS, REMOTE SENSING, SEAWATER, *LIDAR ENERGETICS,
OIL SLICKS, MOVEMENT, MONITORING, REMOTE SENSING, 'SATELLITE-AIHCRAFT-DROGUE 'TUDI^S
OIL SLICKS, OCEANS, DETECTION, REMOTE SENSING,  'LASERS,
OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SAMPLING, SURFACTANTS, PATENT
OIL SLICKS, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SWEDEN,
OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, PATENT,
OIL SLICKS, SPILL RECOVERY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, USN, 'GELATION, 'AMINE CARBAMATES,
OIL SLICKS, MICROORGANISMS, BIODEGRADATION, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, ''NUTRIENT PARTICLES,
OIL SLICKS, ABSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SPILL  RECOVERY, PATENT, 'POLYURETH.ANE,
OIL SLICKS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, 'REAERATION RATES,
OIL SLICKS, OCEANS, FATE, DRIFT, 'WAVE DAMPING, 'WIND WAVE TUNNEL,
OIL SLICKS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANIMALS, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, PLANTS, 'OXYGEN EXCHANGE,
   'TEMPERATURE, 'LIGHT REDUCTION, 'ROCK POOLS,
OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT,
OIL SLICKS, MEUSTON, CASPIAN SEA, BLACK SEA, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF OF,
   'AZOV SEA,
OIL SLICKS, DRIFT, SPREADING, PHYSICAL EFFECTS, WFATHERING,
OIL SLICKS, HYDROCARBONS, DECOMPOSITION, 'PHOTOCHEMICAL DEGRADATION,
OIL SLICKS, MOVEMENT, MODELS, CANADA,
CIL SLICKS, MOVEMENT, COASTS, BEAUFORT SEA, 'IMPACT  LOCATIONS,
OIL SLICKS, ICE, BIODEGPADATION, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ARCTIC, CONTAINMENT, RECOVERY,  OIL
   TRANSFER, STORAGE, SPILL DISPOSAL,
OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, SPILL CONTAINMENT, 'WELL BLOWOUT,
OIL SPILL'S, NORWAY, NORTH SEA, 'EKOFISK BLOWOUT, SPILL CLEANUP,
OIL SPILLS, NORTH SEA, BEACHES, SCOTLAND,
OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, SPILL CONTAINMENT, 'EKOFISK WELL BLOWOUT,
OIL SPILLS, NORWAY, NORTH SEA, MONITORING, 'EKOFISK  BLOWOUT, SPILL CLEANUP,
OIL SPILLS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, TANKERS, 'LIBERIAN  REGISTRY,
OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, DCS, MEXICO/GULF OF,
OIL SPILLS, ISRAEL, CONTAMINATION, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL TRANSFER,  PORTS, SHORELINES,
   'EILAT OIL TERMINAL,
OIL SPILLS, MANUALS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
OIL SPILLS, JAPAN, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, STATISTICS, »SETO INLAND SF.A,
OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, JAPAN, FUEL OIL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,  'INLAND
   SEA,
OIL SPILLS, MASSACHUSETTS, FUEL OIL, FISHERIES, CONTAMINATION,  'BUZZARDS BAY,
   'SHELLFISH RESOURCES,
OIL SPILLS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
OIL SPILLS, TANKERS, SHIPS, SOURCES,
OIL SPILLS, NOAA, MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
   SEDIMENTS, PUGET SOUND,
OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, ESTUARIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
   COASTS, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, 'STREAMFLOW,
OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTINGENCY
   PLANNING, ALASKA, REMOTE SENSING,
OIL SPILLS, MODELS, DETECTION, COASTS, REMOTE SENSING, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  'LINEAR

OIL^PILLS^OCS, MISSISSIPPI, HYDROCARBONS, ESTUARIES, ALABAMA,  SAMPLING, SEDIMENTS,
   TOXICITY
OIL^SPILLS 'MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, TANKERS,  'OPTIMAL TANKER  SIZE,
OIL SPILLS  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SPECTRCSCOPY, SEAWATER,
OIL SPILLS, CRUDE OIL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPECTROMETRY,  U.S.
OIL SPILLS  BIRDS, RESTORATION, SOLVENTS,
OIL SPILLS  CONTAMINATION, BIRDS, RESTORATION, TORREY CANYON,  OLYMPIC GAMES  SPILL,
OIL SPILLS  LEGISLATION, TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  US,
OIL SPILLS  LEGISLATION, OIL TRANSPORT, TANKERS', PUGET SOUND,  WASHINGTON,
OIL SPILLS! ocs, ECONOMICS, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL TRANSPORT, STORAGE, TANKERS,

oiLPsPiLLsfKENTUCKY!KENVIRONMENTALYEFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, WATER  QUALITY,

oiL*spiLLst LOUISIANA ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, WATER QUALITY,
   'COTE BLANCHE MINE,
OIL SPILLS, CRUDE OIL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, CHROMATOGRAPHY, SPSCTROMETRY, *U.S.
   BUREAU OP MINES,
                                             343

-------
      OIL SPILLS, OHIO, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, WATER DUALITY,
         •IRONTON MINE,
 1214  OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, WATER QUALITY, TEXAS,
         "KLEER MINE,
 1215  OIL SPILLS, LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, WATER QUALITY,
         "WEEKS ISLAND MINE,
 1218  OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA,  OIL TRANSPORT, TANKERS, "VALDEZ NARROWS,
 1219  OIL SPILLS, OIL DISCHARGES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, TANKERS, OIL TRANSPORT,
         •SUPERTANKERS,
 1223  OIL SPILLS, MODELS, LEAKAGE, FATE, EVAPORATION, OIL TRANSPORT, PIPELINES, SPREADING,
         •IGNITION HAZARDS,
 1224  OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA,  OIL TRANSPORT, TANKERS, PORTS, *VALDEZ
         NARROWS,
 1227  OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT, ALASKA,
         PIPELINES,
 H21  OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION CONTROL, PERSONNEL TRAINING, *SPILL CONTROL SCHOOL,
 1322  OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, POLLUTION PREVENTION, "LEGAL
         RESPONSIBILITIES,
 1327  OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, COMPENSATION, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP,
         •CONGRESSIONAL BILL,
 H33  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  NORTH SEA, POLLUTION PREVENTION, "SUPPORT SYSTEMS,
 1^35  OIL SPILLS, OIL INDUSTRY, MONITORING,  LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, UK,
         WASTEWATERS,
 13H2  OIL SPILLS, OIL INDUSTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, REFINING, OIL
         TRANSPORT,
 1346  OIL SPILLS, LAW ENFORCEMENT, HARBORS,  POLLUTION CONTROL, SHIPS, UK, *MILFORD HAVEN,
 1"47  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
         REGULATIONS, SAFETY, »OCEAN TECHNOLOGY,
 mg  OIL SPILLS, FISH, ESTUARIES, DELAWARE  RIVER, TOXICITY, "CORINTHOS SPILL,
 1350  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  FOOD WEB,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE STUDIES,
         ALASKA/GULF OF,  'PRIMARY  PRODUCTION,
 1354  OIL SPILLS, MICROORGANISMS,  FUEL OIL,  TOXICITY, YEASTS, 'ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT EXPOSURE,
 1355  OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC  COAST, SHORELINES, *WWII SPILLS,
 1'57  OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  PORTS, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES,
         UK, *MILFORD HAVEN,
 1353  OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, PORTS, UK,
         •MILFORD HAVEN,  *OIL POLLUTION  RESEARCH  UNIT,
 1364  OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, VEGETATION,  WASHINGTON, »ALPINE MEADOW,
 1365  OIL SPILLS, MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PLANTS, SAMPLING, 'SPECIES REDUCTION,
 1376  OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  ARCTIC,  ALASKA, *PRUDHOE BAY,
 H78  OIL SPILLS, METABOLISM, MARINE MAMMALS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, "PHYSIOLOGY,
         "PINNIPEDS,
 1386  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST,  WWII SPILLS, TANKERS,
 1387  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, MOLLUSKS, HABITAT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BASELINE
         STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF,  "CLAMS,
 1402  OIL SPILLS, METULA SPILL, MARSHES, MARINE .ORGANISMS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, TANKERS,
         PORTS, UK, "MILFORD HAVEN,
 1407  OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, CHRONIC  EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
 1424  OIL SPILLS, MOLLUSKS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL  OIL, CHROMIC EFFECTS, ACUTE EFFECTS,
         TOXICITY, "HONG KONG,
 1443  OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,
 1445  OIL SPILLS, CHESAPEAKE BAY,  SHIPS, PORTS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  "SYMPOSIUM,
 1457  OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION, REFINERIES, TOXICITY, "BOOK REVIEW,
 1461  OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  SEDIMENTATION, "ANIMAL-SEDIMENT
         RELATIONSHIPS,
 1462  OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHINA, PLANKTON, "HONG KONG,
 1464  OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,  "COASTAL IMPACTS,
 1476  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, FOOD WEB, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BENTHOS, BEAUFORT SEA,
 1486  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  BERING SEA, BENTHOS, BASELINE
         STUDIES, OIL TRANSPORT,
 1488  OIL SPILLS, OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, DISTRIBUTION,
         BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA, BEAUFORT  SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
 1520  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, "GEOLOGY,
         "HYDROLOGY, "YUKON DELTA,
 1522  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, MARSHES, LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         PIPELINES, "LAFOURCHE PARISH,
 1531  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MOVEMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         BIRDS, BEAUFORT  SEA, SPREADING,
 1532  OIL SPILLS, FUELS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, FOSSIL WATER QUALITY,
1539  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST,  "RISK
         ANALYSIS,
1562  OIL SPILLS, FATE, EMULSIFICATION,  DISPERSIONS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, WEATHERING,
1564  OIL SPILLS, EIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
1572  OIL SPILLS, MODELS, HYDROCARBONS,  EVAPORATION, CRUDE OIL, SOLUTION, TOXICITY,
1573  OIL SPILLS, ICE,  BEHAVIOR,  ARCTIC, ABSORPTION, SPREADING, SOLUBILITY, CLEANUP,
                                            344

-------
1571   OIL SPILLS, ICE, COASTS, ARCTIC OCEAN, ALASKA, *OIL-ICE INTERACTION
1576   OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, SPREADING, "WAVE INTERACTION ANALYSIS
1580   OIL SPILLS, NORTH SEA, MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, 'COMPUTER
         SIMULATION,
1582   OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, FATE, EVAPORATION, DISPERSIONS, SPILL
         RECOVERY, "EKOFISK WELL BLOWOUT,
1583   OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, MODELS, FATE, *GULF STREAM,
1581   OIL SPILLS, METABOLISM, MASSACHUSETTS, MARSHES, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, FATE,
         DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1588   OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MOVEMENT, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, "OCEAN
         CIRCULATION,
1590   OIL SPILLS, OCS, MODELS, FATE, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA, "CIRCULATION,  'TRAJECTORY
         ANALYSIS,
1591   OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, FATE, BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, "OCEAN
         CIRCULATION, *FLOW TRAJECTORIES,
1598   OIL SPILLS; ICE, SPREADING, "OIL TEMPERATURE, *ICE TEMPERATURE, "SPILLING RATE;
1599   OIL SPILLS, OCEANS, MODELS, FATE, "COMPUTER PROGRAMMING,
1600   OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, MODELS, DRIFT, "COMPUTER MODELING,
1602   OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, CALIFORNIA, TANKERS, OIL TRANSPORT,
1605   OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, SAFETY, TANKERS, US, "CONGRESSIONAL BILLS,
1607   OIL SPILLS, LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, US, SHIPS, TANKERS,  "LEGAL PROBLEMS,
1625   OIL SPILLS, OIL INDUSTRY, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
         BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
1627   OIL SPILLS, HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION , BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  BACTERIA,  ALGAE, SPILL
         CLEANUP,
1629   OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BASELINE STUDIES,
         ARCTIC, SUBARCTIC REGIONS,
1633   OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, SPILL CLEANUP,
1207   OIL TANKS, OIL SPILLS, OCS, ECONOMICS, ALASKA/GULF OF, OIL TRANSPORT,  STORAGE,
         TANKERS, PIPELINES, "RISK  ANALYSIS,
1232   OIL TANKS, EMULSIONS, BILGES, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, SPILL RECOVERY, "DEMULSIFYING
         AGENTS,
1141   OIL TANKS, GROUNDWATER, CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS, USSR,
1018   OIL TRANSFER, OIL SPILLS, ISRAEL, CONTAMINATION, SPILL CLEANUP, PORTS,  SHORELINES,
         "EILAT OIL TERMINAL,
1161   OIL TRANSFER, SPILL RECOVERY, "PORTABLE PUMPS,
1204   OIL TRANSFER, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ARCTIC, SHIPS, "PUMPS, "ADAPTS,
1206   OIL TRANSFER, OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  PORTS, UK,
         "MILFORD HAVEN,
1220   OIL TRANSFER, MODELS, TANKERS, "ICE COOLING RATES,
1222   OIL TRANSFER, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS,
         SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, SPREADING,
1151   OIL TRANSFER, LEAKAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PORTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL
         CLEANUP, UK, "MILFORD HAVEN,
1460   OIL TRANSFER, IRAC, CONTAMINATION, RIVERS, WASTE OIL, TANKERS, "SHATT  AL-ARAB,
1601   OIL TRANSFER, NEW JERSEY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, REGULATIONS, SPILL CLEANUP, STATE
         GOVERNMENTS,
1620   OIL TRANSFER, GUIDELINES, CRUDE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TANKERS, SAFETY, "TERMINALS,
1624   OIL TRANSFER, OIL SLICKS, ICE, EIODEGRADATION , BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ARCTIC,  CONTAINMENT,
         RECOVERY, STORAGE, SPILL DISPOSAL,
1064   OIL TRANSPORT, MONITORING, LEAKAGE, PIPELINES, "PIPELINE LEAK DETECTORS,
1202   OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, LEGISLATION, TANKERS, PUGET SOUND, WASHINGTON,
1203   OIL TRANSPORT, OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS, FISHERIES, FATE,. BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,
         SOURCES, PACIFIC OCEAN,
1207   OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TANKS, OIL SPILLS, OCS, ECONOMICS, ALASKA/GULF OF,  STORAGE,
         TANKERS, PIPELINES, "RISK  ANALYSIS,
1210   OIL TRANSPORT, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, EI5, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, WATER QUALITY, "BRYAN
         MOUND SALT DOMES,
1216   OIL TRANSPORT, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, STORAGE, WATER QUALITY, "WEST
         9ACKBERRY SALT DOME,
1213   01' TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA,  TANKERS, "VALDEZ NARROWS,
1219   OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, OIL DISCHARGES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS,  TANKERS,

1223   OIL*TRANSPORT!ROIL SPILLS, MODELS, LEAKAGE, FATE, EVAPORATION, PIPELINES, SPREADING,

1221   OIL TRANSPORT,' OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA,  TANKERS, PORTS, "VALDEZ

1329   OILNTPANSPORT, OFFSHORE DRILLING, TOPTH SEA, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL,
         POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP,
1332   OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS, HEALTH HAZARDS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL
         W c1 f I *?  SA
1342  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, OIL INDUSTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
         REFTWIMG
1486  OIL TRANSPORT  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BERING SEA,
         BENTHOS, BASELINE STUDIES,
                                             345

-------
1596  OIL TRANSPORT, OCS, FATE,  EIS,  ATLANTIC COAST,  *SUSPENDED MATTER,
1602  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  CALIFORNIA,  TANKERS,
1610  OIL TRANSPORT, LIABILITY,  LEGISLATION,  COST ANALYSIS,  US, PORTS,  TANKERS, *DEEPWATER
         PORT ACT,
1622  OIL TRANSPORT, LIABILITY,  TANKERS,  REGULATIONS,  SAFETY,  USCG,
1626  OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, PIPELINES,
11U8  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FUELS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY,  WASTE OIL, SKIMMERS,
1162  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, NORTH SEA,
1171  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS,  PATENT,
1178  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL  RECOVERY,
1186  OIL-WATER SEPAHATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL  RECOVERY, PATENT,
1228  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  PATENT,  "DEMULSIFICATION,
1229  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE,
12^0  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
1231  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
1233  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SHIPS, REFINERIES,
1231  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS, WASTE  OIL DISPOSAL,
1235  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  INLAND,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTEWATERS,  SKIMMERS, *AFL
         INDUSTRIES,
1237  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL, PATENT, *ZN SALTS,
12"5  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  COALESCENCE,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
1216  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE,
1217  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS,
1218  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DISPERSIONS,  COALESCENCE,  PATENT,  *BROMINATED POLYETHYLENE
         GRANULES,
1251  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION,  FLOCCULATION,  COALESCENCE,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
         REFINERIES, *OZONATION,
1252  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FUELS,  EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER  TREATMENT,  PATENT,
125^  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, *AERATION, *WEMCO HYDROCLEANER,
1256  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FILTRATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  PATENT,
1257  OIL-HATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE,  PATENT, *METAL
         CATALYSTS,
1258  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION,  EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  'AERATION, PATENT,
1260  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS, COAGULATION, PATENT,
1261  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FILTRATION, BILGES,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *TUBULAR
         ULTRAFILTRATION SYSTEM,                                           >
1265  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'CELLULOSE  FIBERS, PATENT,
1267  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT,  "POWDERED MICA,
1269  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, PATENT,  ,
1273  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  BILGES,  SHIPS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *DEMULSIFICATION,
1271  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  COALESCENCE,
1275  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  HYDROCARBONS,  DISPERSIONS, COALESCENCE,  PATENT,
1278  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  PATENT,
1281  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION,  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS,  COALESCENCE, PATENT, "MAGNETIC
         POWDER,
1291  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OXIDATION,  PATENT,
1292  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  COALESCENCE,  *FIBROUS BED COALESCERS,
1295  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  PATENT,  "POLYPROPYLENE FOAM,
1297  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  GERMANY,  WEST,  REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, RECYCLING,
         SLUDGE,
1299  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION,  EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  REFINERIES, SKIMMERS,
1300  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  COALESCENCE,  BILGES,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "PEAT,
1302  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT, "ELECTROFLOTATION,  COAGULATION,
1303  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, PATENT, "POLYVINYL
         CHLORIDE,
1305  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL, RECYCLING,  SLUDGE,
1306  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION,  EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  PH CONTROL, PATENT,
1318  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, RECYCLING,
1617  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  OIL  DISCHARGES,  MONITORING, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, IMCO,
         TANKERS,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION,
1619  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  OIL  DISCHARGES,  LAW  ENFORCEMENT, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,
         SHIPS, POLLUTION CONTROL,
1112  OIL WELLS, INCINERATION,  ICE,  CANADA,  ARCTIC,  "BLOWOUTS, SPILL DISPOSAL,
1263  OIL WELLS, FLOCCULATION,  DRILLING,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
         PATENT,
1332  OIL WELLS, OIL TRANSPORT,  OFFSHORE  DRILLING, OCS, HEALTH HAZARDS,  POLLUTION
         PREVENTION, SAFETY,
1336  OIL WELLS, DISPOSAL, BEAUFORT  SEA,  BEACHES, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL,
         RESTORATION,
1501  OIL WELLS, FISH,  DRILLING, ARCTIC,  ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, "TROUT,  "DRILLING MUDS,
1506  OIL WELLS, FISH,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, DRILLING, TOXICITY, "SALMON, "DRILLING  MUDS,
1515  OIL WELLS, OIL INDUSTRY,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC
         COAST,
1510  OIL WELLS, MODELS,  FATE,  "SUBMARINE  BLOWOUT SIMULATION,  CONTAINMENT,
1013  OLYMPIC GAMES SPILL, FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
                                             346

-------
 1198
 1199
 1447
 1507
 1510

 1519
 1530
 1535

 1536

 1542

 1606

 1236
 1259
 1272
 1286
 1291
 1549

 1556
 1203

 1086
 1089
 1098
 1109
 1117
 1126

 1131

 1362
 1039

 1042
 1044
 1050
 1053
 1068

 1069
 1081
 1132
 1133
 me
 1138
 1139
 1140
 1155
 1156
 1158
 1159
 1160
 1165
 1166
 1167
 1170
 1171
 1174
 1175
 1176
 1177
 1179
 1180
-1182
 1183
 1184
 1186
 1187
 1190
 1191
OLYMPIC GAMES SPILL, OIL SPILLS, CONTAMINATION,  BIRDS,  RESTORATION   TORREY
OLYMPIC GAMES SPILL, BIRDS, RESTORATION,  PERSONNEL  TRAINING   '     '    '
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MODELS,  ALASKA,      '
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,  SOCIO-ECONOMIC  EFFECTS   PRODUCTION
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  OCS,  CALIFORNIA  POLLUTION
   CONTROL,                                                            '
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  LEGISLATION,  CALIFORNIA COAST
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS         '   '
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  NEW  JERSEY,  DELAWARE,  COASTS, PORTS
   SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DRILLING,  CALIFORNIA  COAST,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, 'LAND USE
   CONFLICTS,
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  OCS, HABITAT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS  SPILL
   CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL
   PROTECTION, US,  «OCS LANDS ACT AMENDMENTS,
OXIDATION, FLOTATION, PETROCHEMICALS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  PH CONTROL, COAGULATION,
OXIDATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  *OXYGEN AERATION,
OXIDATION, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  REFINERIES, PATENT
OXIDATION, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, TOXICITY, "AERATION,
OXIDATION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT,
OXIDATION, HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,  TOXICITY,  SURFACTANTS, *IONIC
   CONCENTRATION, *DETERGENTS,
OXIDATION, MICROORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, BEACHES, "BEACH GRAVEL,
PACIFIC OCEAN, OIL  TRANSPORT, OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS, FISHERIES,  FATE,
   BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SOURCES,
PAH, HEALTH HAZARDS, SAMPLING, SOIL,  REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS, 'AGRICULTURE, POLAND,
PAH, MODELS, CARCINOGENS, *BENZO(A)ANTHRACENE,
PAH, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,  CARCINOGENS, SPECTROMETRY,
PAH, EXTRACTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  "FLUORESCENCE,
PAH, LAKES, CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL  TECHNIQUES,  SEDIMENTS, SPECTROMETRY,
PAH, CHPOMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION, SOURCES, SPECTROMETRY,
   SEDIMENTS, "AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT,
PAH, HYDROCARBONS,  CRUDE OIL, SOURCE  IDENTIFICATION, SEDIMENTS, SOIL, PETROLEUM
   PRODUCTS,
PAH, FISH, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, UPTAKE,  RELEASE,  "3,4-EENZOPYRENE,
PATENT, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, BALLAST,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, WASTEWATERS, "SOUND
   VELOCITY CHARACTERISTICS,
PATENT, OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BALLAST, TANKERS,
PATENT, MONITORING, LEAKAGE, DETECTION, PIPELINES,  "MOBILE RECEIVER,
PATENT, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MONITORING,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, *OIL-IN-WATER,
PATENT, MONITORING, DETECTION, CONTAMINANTS,  "OIL-IN-WATER,
PATENT, MONITORING, FUEL OIL, DETECTION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CRUDE  OIL, CONTAMINANTS,
   "OPTICAL SENSOR
PATENT, OIL SLICKS,' MONITORING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "LIGHT SENSOR,
PATENT, OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SAMPLING, SURFACTANTS,
PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,
PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,
PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL  CONTAINMENT, "FENDING DEVICE,
PATENT, HYDROCARBONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, ABSORPTION, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,
PATENT, HYDROCARBONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, ADSORPTION, SPILL  CONTAINMENT,
PATENT', OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,
PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, "UNDERWATER FISSURES,
PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY,
PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS,
PATENT, EMULSIONS,  DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, SURFACTANTS,
PATENT, MICROORGANISMS, BIODEGRADATION, SPILL DISPOSAL, SOIL,
PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY, "SORBENT BROADCASTER,
PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTAMINANTS, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS,
PATENT, DESIGN^ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS,
PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY,
PATENT, ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY,  "GLASS  FIBER BLANKETS,

PA™' OIL"SLICKS!EMICROORGANISMS^  BIODEGRADATION, SPILL CLEANUP,  "NUTRIENT PARTICLES,
PATENT  ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY,  "ABSORBENT POLYMERS,
PATENT  ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY,  SKIMMERS, "ABSORBENT POWDER,
PATENT  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, "OIL MOP RIGGING SYSTEM,
PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, "GUIDED JET,
PATENT' ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, WASTE OIL, RIVERS, SEAWATER,

PATENT! DESIGN-ENGINEERING!ESKIMMERS, SHIPS,  "WAVE DAMPING DEVICE,
PATENT  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY,
PATENT' DISPERSIONS, SPILL CLEANUP,  "ASBESTOS MINE WASTES,
PATENT, SPILL RECOVERY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "ADHESIVE POLYMER FILM,
PATENT, EMULSIONS,  ABSORPTION, "POLYURETHANE  FOAM CHIPS,
                                              347

-------
 1192  PATENT, ADSORPTION, «POLYURETHANE FOAM,
 1195  PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, "FLEXIBLE FLOATING PIPE,
 1196  PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,
 1228  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, *DEMULSIFICATION,
 1237  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL, »ZN SALTS,
 12ln  PATENT, FILTRATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROLEUM
         PRODUCTS,
 12111  PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, RECLAMATION,
 1218  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DISPERSIONS, COALESCENCE, "BROMINATED POLYETHYLENE
         GRANULES,
 1252  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FUELS, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
 1256  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1257  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE, *METAL
         CATALYSTS
 1258  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *AERATION,
 1260  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION, EMULSIONS, COAGULATION,
 1263  PATENT, OIL WELLS, FLOCCULATION, DRILLING, BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA, WASTEWATER
         TREATMENT,
 1265  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *CELLULOSE FIBERS,
 1266  PATENT, FILTRATION, EMULSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL,
 1267  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *POWDFRED MICA,
 1269  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FILTRATION, EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE,
 1272  PATENT, OXIDATION, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  REFINERIES,
 1275  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, HYDROCARBONS, DISPERSIONS, COALESCENCE,
 1277  PATENT, HYDROCARBONS, FUEL OIL, FLOCCULATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL,
 1278  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1281  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTATION, FILTRATION, EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, "MAGNETIC
         POWDER,
 1283  PATENT, OIL SLICKS, ABSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SPILL RECOVERY, »POLYURETHANE,
 1291  PATENT, OXIDATION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, WASTSWATER TREATMENT,
 1295  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, *POLYPROPYLENE FOAM,
 1298  PATENT, INDUSTRIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, POLLUTION CONTROL, REFINERIES, SPILL CLEANUP,
 1303  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, *POLYVINYL
         CHLORIDE,
 1306  PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL,
 1311  PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, RECLAMATION, SURFACTANTS,
 1313  PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, FILTRATION, WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION,
 1319  PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, FLOCCULATION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, RECLAMATION, SURFACTANTS,
         PRECIPITATION,
 1320  PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, REFINING,
 1331  PATENT, LEAKAGE, DETECTION, PIPELINES, *ACOUSTIC LEAK DETECTION,
 1551  PATENT, OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, SPILL CLEANUP,
 1199  PERSONNEL TRAINING, OLYMPIC GAMES SPILL, BIRDS, RESTORATION,
 1321  PERSONNEL TRAINING, OIL SPILLS, POLLUTION CONTROL, *SPILL CONTROL SCHOOL,
 1086  PETROCHEMICALS, PAH,  HEALTH HAZARDS, SAMPLING, SOIL, REFINERIES, "AGRICULTURE, POLAND,
 1092  PETROCHEMICALS, MEXICO/GULF OF, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SAMPLING, REFINERIES,
         SOURCES, "MISSISSIPPI DELTA,
 1113  PETROCHEMICALS, INDUSTRIES, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WASTE OIL, *X-RAY FLUORESCENCE,
 1236  PETROCHEMICALS, OXIDATION, FLOTATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL, COAGULATION,
 1238  PETROCHEMICALS, OIL INDUSTRY, MANUALS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES, POLLUTION
         CONTROL,
 1217  PETROCHEMICALS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
 1270  PETROCHEMICALS, REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL METHODS,
 1279  PETROCHEMICALS, CONTAMINATION, WASTE OIL, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, REFINING, RIVERS, USSR,
 1280  PETROCHEMICALS, REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "BIOCHEMICAL PURIFICATION,
 1282  PETROCHEMICALS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ABSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
 1281  PETROCHEMICALS, FILTRATION, ADSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
 1338  PETROCHEMICALS, FUELS,  REFINERIES, POLLUTION PREVENTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
 1113  PETROCHEMICALS, FISH, TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,
 1509  PETROCHEMICALS, OIL INDUSTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT, REFINERIES,
 1039  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, BALLAST, WASTEWATERS, "SOUND
         VELOCITY CHARACTERISTICS,
 1057  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, NORWEGIAN SEA, NORTH SEA, MONITORING, BALTIC SEA,
 1102  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HYDROCARBONS, FLORIDA, COASTS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
         BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, SEDIMENTS,
 1105  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, EXTRACTION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, "GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION,
         SOLVENTS,
 1108  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OCEANS, CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SEDIMENTS, PORTS, USSR,
 1112  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DETECTION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SEAWATER, "NAPHTHENIC ACIDS,
 1131  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PAH, HYDROCARBONS, CRUDE OIL, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SEDIMENTS,
         SOIL,
1190  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, SPILL RECOVERY, "ADHESIVE POLYMER FILM,
1212  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DISPOSAL, CONTAMINANTS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
1243  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, FILTRATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COALESCENCE, WASTEWATER
         TREATMENT,
                                             348

-------
1262  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTE OIL TREATMENT
1279  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PETROCHEMICALS, CONTAMINATION, WASTE OIL, REFINING, RIVERS  USSR
1361  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, FISH, BLACK SEA, BENTHOS, TOXICITY  "SHfilMP
         "ELECTRICAL CURRENTS,
1362  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PAH, FISH, UPTAKE, RELEASE, *?. , 4-BENZOPYRENE,
1383  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MOLLUSKS, CALIFORNIA/SOUTHERN, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS  »TOLERANCE
         VARIABILITY, "LITTOPIMA,                                        "
1397  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, METABOLISM, INVERTEBRATES, FISH  TOXICITY
1401  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
1406  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OCEANS, FOOD WEB, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, PHYTOPLANKTON,
1413  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PETROCHEMICALS, FISH, TOXICITY,
1432  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, CONTAMINANTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, 'PHYSIOLOGICAL
         RESPONSE,
1441  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL TANKS, GROUNDWATER, CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, USSR,
1456  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, TOXICITY, "CONTROLLED MARINE ECOSYSTEMS
1463  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION,
1547  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MONITORING, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, ARCTIC
         TOXICITY, *AMPHIPCDS,
1557  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MICROORGANISMS, FUELS, BIODEGRADATION,
1564  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL SPILLS, BIODEGPADATION , BACTERIA,
1620  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL TRANSFER, GUIDELINES, CRUDE OIL, TANKERS, SAFETY,  'TERMINALS,
1236  ?H CONTROL, PETROCHEMICALS, OXIDATION, FLOTATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, COAGULATION,
1237  PH CONTROL, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  *ZN SALTS,
1266  PH CONTROL, PATENT, FILTRATION, EMULSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTEWATER  TREATMENT,
1277  PH CONTROL, PATENT, HYDROCARBONS, FUEL OIL, FLOCCULATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
1237  PH CONTROL, FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE, COAGULATION,  "AERATION,
1306  PH CONTROL, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER  TREATMENT,
1437  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL SLICKS, "REAERATION SATES,
1465  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL SLICKS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANIMALS, PLANTS, *OXYGEN  EXCHANGE,
         "TEMPERATURE, "LIGHT REDUCTION, "ROCK POOLS,
1570  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL SLICKS, DRIFT, SPREADING, WEATHERING,
1193  PHYTOPLANKTON, EMULSIFIERS, SOLVENTS, SURFACTANTS, TOXICITY,
1348  PHYTOPLANKTON, ICE, BEAUFORT SEA, ALGAE, "PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY, "OIL-UNDER-ICE,
1339  PHYTOPLANKTON, MARSHES, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS, "DIATOMS,
1392  PHYTOPLANKTON, MARINE ORGANISMS, FRANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,
         BACTERIA, REFINERIES, WASTEWATERS,
1406  PHYTOPLANKTON, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OCEANS, FOOD WEB, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1412  PHYTOPLANKTON, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "DINOFLAGELLATES, "DIATOMS,
T418  PHYTOPLANKTOH, LAKES, HYDROCARBONS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "OUTBOARD MARINE ENGINE
         EXHAUST,
1427  PHYTOPLANKTON, MARINE ORGANISMS, EMULSIFIERS, TOXICITY,
1467  PHYTOPLANKTCN, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, ICE, FOOD WEB, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,
         BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
11(9 H  PHYTCPLANKTON, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  BASELINE STUDIES,
         "PRIMARY PRODUCTION,
1014  PIPELINES,  PATENT, MONITORING, LEAKAGE, DETECTION, "MOBILE RECEIVER,
106"  PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT, MONITORING, LEAKAGE, "PIPELINE LEAK DETECTORS,
1207  PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TANKS, OIL SPILLS, OCS, ECONOMICS, ALASKA/GULF  OF,
         STORAGE, TANKERS, "RISK ANALYSIS,
1223  PIPELINES,  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, MODELS, LEAKAGE, FATE, EVAPORATION,  SPREADING,
         "IGNITION HAZARDS,
1227  PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT,
         ALASKA,
n'U  PIPELINES,  PATENT, LEAKAGE, DETECTION, "ACOUSTIC LEAK DETECTION,
1522  PIPELINES,  OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, MARSHES, LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS, "LAFOURCHE PARISH,
1626  PIPPLINES   OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
1088  PLANKTON, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BEAUFORT SEA, SAMPLING, SEAWATER,
1462  PLANKTON  OIL SPILLS, 'MONITORING, FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CHINA, *HONG KONG,
1481  PLANKTON  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF, "ICHTHYOPLANKTON,
1U82  PLANKTON, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
1493  PLANKTON! OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ocs, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECOSYSTEMS, BENTHOS,
1356  PLANTS  CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, ARCTIC, ALGAE, ALASKA, "LICHENS,
1365  PLANTS  OIL SPILLS, MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, SAMPLING, "SPECIES REDUCTION,
 408  PLANTS  HYDPOCARBO'JS  FOOD WEB, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, "PHOTOSYNTHESIS, "ZOSTERA MARINA,
1465  PLANTS  PHYSICAL EFFECTS, OIL  SLICKS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ANIMALS, "OXYGEN EXCHANGE,

162,  t^f'll^^                           STORAGE, SAFETY, "BULK PETROLEUM
1353  PLATFORMS^ NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL
         FFFECTS " API
1400  PLATFORMS, 'NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BIOLOGICAL

1468  PLA|FO|MS?'OFFSRORE PRODUCTION, NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL
                                             349

-------
         EFFECTS,  API,
1513  PLATFORt-'S, OIL INDUSTRY,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  REGULATIONS,
1086  POLAND, PETROCHEMICALS,  PAH,  HEALTH HAZARDS,  SAMPLING,  SOIL, REFINERIES,  "AGRICULTURE,
1096  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL INDUSTRY,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  WATER QUALITY,  WASTEWATERS,
         SAMPLING, "ON-LINE INSTRUMENTATION,
1152  POLLUTION CONTROL,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SOUTH  AFRICA,  "SALVAGE TUG,  SPILL  CLEANUP,
1153  POLLUTION CONTROL,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SOUTH  AFRICA,  "SALVAGE TUG,  SPILL  CLEANUP,
1205  POLLUTION CONTROL,  ENVIRONMENTAL  PROTECTION,  COST ANALYSIS,  TANKERS,  SEGREGATED
         PALLAST , REGULATIONS,  USCG,
1238  POLLUTION CONTROL,  PETROCHEMICALS,  OIL  INDUSTRY,  MANUALS,  WASTEWATEP  TREATMENT,
         REFINERIES,
1298  POLLUTION CONTROL,  PATENT,  INDUSTRIES,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  SPILL CLEANUP,
1321  POLLUTION CONTROL,  PERSONNEL  TRAINING,  OIL SPILLS,  "SPILL  CONTROL SCHOOL,
1330  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL DISCHARGES,  MONITORING,  IMCO,  TANKERS, REGULATIONS, "BAILEY
         MONITOR PROGRAM,
H36  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL WELLS,  DISPOSAL,  BEAUFORT  SEA, .BEACHES, SPILL  CLEANUP,
         RESTORATION,
1337  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING,  DISPOSAL, DETECTION,  BEAUFORT SEA, SPILL CLEANUP,
         "EQUIPMENT EVALUATION,
1339  POLLUTION CONTROL,  NETHERLANDS,  LEGISLATION,  LAW  ENFORCEMENT, HARBORS,  TANKERS, WATER
         QUALITY,
1341)  POLLUTION CONTROL,  BOOMS,  SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS,
13U5  POLLUTION CONTROL,  CANADA,  SPILL  RECOVERY, SKIMMERS,  "EQUIPMENT TESTING,
1346  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL SPILLS,  LAW ENFORCEMENT, HARBOPS, SHIPS, UK, "MILFORD, HAVEN,
1M4Q  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MODELS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  REFINERIES, WASTEWATERS,  "INDUSTRY COSTS,
1443  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL SPILLS,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1445  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL SPILLS,  CHESAPEAKE BAY,  SHIPS,  PORTS, "SYMPOSIUM,
1510  POLLUTION CONTROL,  ONSHORE  IMPACTS, OIL-GAS LEASING,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS,
         CALIFORNIA,
1559  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MICROORGANISMS,  HYDROCARBONS,  BIODEGRADATION,
1614  POLLUTION CONTROL,  INTERNATIONAL  CONVENTIONS, REGULATIONS, TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST,
1615  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORTH  SEA,  LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL
         CONVENTIONS, EUROPE,  REGULATIONS,
1619  POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, OIL  DISCHARGES, LAW ENFORCEMENT,
         INTERNATIONAL  CONVENTIONS,  SHIPS,
1621  POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING,  GUIDELINES, CANADA,  REFINERIES, WASTEWATERS,
         REGULATIONS,
1010  POLLUTION PREVENTION, TANKERS,  SAFETY,  US, "LIBERIAN  REGISTRY LAWS,
1033  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  SLICKS, MONITORING, BALLAST,  TANKERS, "OIL-WATER INTERFACE,
1066  POLLUTION PREVENTION, MONITORING, CONTAMINANTS, "UN,
1080  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  SPILLS, MODELS, DETECTION,  COASTS, REMOTE SENSING, "LINEAR
         PROGRAMMING,
11H5  POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP, SAFETY,  REGULATIONS,  USCG,
1157  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  SLICKS, SPILL RECOVERY, USN,  "GELATION, "AMINE CARBAMATES,
1200  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  SPILLS, LEGISLATION,  TANKEHS,  US,
1221  POLLUTION PREVENTION, MONITORING, IMCO,  REGULATIONS,  SHIPS,
1322  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  SPILLS, LIABILITY,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  "LEGAL
         RESPONSIBILITIES,
1325  POLLUTION PREVENTION, FRANCE,  CRUDE OIL, SPILL  CLEANUP,  "POLMAR PLAN,
1326  POLLUTION PREVENTION, LEAKAGE,  SHIPS, "STERN  GEAR SYSTEM,
1327  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  SPILLS, LIABILITY,  COMPENSATION, SPILL CLEANUP,
         "CONGRESSIONAL BILL,
1329  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DRILLING,  NORTH SEA,  FATE,  ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS,  CRUDE OIL, SPILL  CLEANUP,
1331  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  DISCHARGES, EPA, DRILLING,  CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
         REGULATIONS, "NAVIGABLE  WATERS,
1332  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  WELLS,  OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DRILLING,  OCS, HEALTH
         HAZARDS,  SAFETY,
1333  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  NORTH SEA,  "SUPPORT SYSTEMS,
1338  POLLUTION PREVENTION, PETROCHEMICALS, FUELS,  REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
1311  POLLUTION PREVENTION, MICHIGAN,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  "FREEWAY RUNOFF,
1312  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS,  OIL  INDUSTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         REFINING,
1313  POLLUTION PREVENTION, LAW  ENFORCEMENT,  SPILL  CLEANUP,  SURVEILLANCE, SOURCE
         IDENTIFICATION,  USCG,
1443  POLLUTION PREVENTION, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL  SPILLS,
1450  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OCEANS,
1451  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL  TRANSFER, LEAKAGE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, PORTS, SPILL
         CLEANUP,  UK, "MILFOPD  HAVEN,
1528  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OFFSHORE  PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ECONOMICS,  SAFETY,
1536  POLLUTION PREVENTION, ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  OFFSHORE DRILLING, CALIFORNIA COAST,  "LAND USE
         CONFLICTS,
1512  POLLUTION PREVENTION, ONSHORE  IMPACTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, HABITAT, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS,  SPILL CLEANUP,
1611   POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL DISCHARGES,  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS,  !
US,
                                             350

-------
1613  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  LEGISLATION,  FRANCE,  TANKERS,  "FRENCH  MARITIME  LAW,  "OLYMPIC
         BRAVERY SPILL,
1615  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  LIABILITY,  INTERNATIONAL  CONVENTIONS,  IMCO   HARBORS
         COMPENSATION, COASTS,  SHIPS,                                  '  n*nDLni'
1617  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL-WATER  SEPARATION,  OIL DISCHARGES,  MONITORING,  INTERNATIONAL
         CONVENTIONS, IMCO,  TANKERS,
1618  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  LEGISLATION,  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  IMCO
1393  POLYCHAETES, DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE  OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  UK,  "ARENICOLA  MARINA L
         *MILFQRD HAVEN,
1416  POLYCHAETES, FUEL OIL,  AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS, UPTAKE,  RELEASE,  "NAPHTHALENE,
         "NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA,                                      ninm.c.Mc.,
1018  PORTS, OIL TRANSFER, OIL  SPILLS,  ISRAEL,  CONTAMINATION, SPILL  CLEANUP, SHORELINES,
         *EILAT OIL TERMINAL,
1108  PORTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OCEANS,  CONTAMINATION,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SEDIMENTS  USSR
1206  PORTS, OIL TRANSFER, OIL  DISCHARGES,  MARINE  ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS  UK
         *MILFORD HAVEN,                                                              '
1221  PORTS, OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL  SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ALASKA, TANKERS, *VALDEZ
         NARROWS,
1357  PORTS, OIL SPILLS, MARINE  ORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES,
         UK, «M.ILFORD HAVEN,                                                              '
1358  PORTS, OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, WASTEWATSRS, REFINERIES, UK,
         »M.ILFORD HAVEN, "OIL POLLUTION RESEARCH  UNIT,
1402  PORTS, OIL SPILLS, METULA  SPILL, MARSHES, MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         TANKERS, UK, *MILFORD  HAVEN,
1445  PORTS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL SPILLS,  CHESAPEAKE BAY,  SHIPS, "SYMPOSIUM,
1451  PORTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TRANSFER,  LEAKAGE,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  SPILL
         CLEANUP, UK, *MILFORD  HAVEN,
1512  PORTS, OIL DISCHARGES,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, EIS, REGULATIONS, SAFETY, "DEEPWATER
         PORT,
1529  PORTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, LIABILITY, INSURANCE, REGULATIONS, SHIPS,
1535  PORTS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NEW JERSEY, DELAWARE, COASTS,
         SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
1610  PORTS, OIL TRANSPORT,  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COST ANALYSIS, US, TANKERS, "DEEPWATER
         PORT ACT,
1019  PORTUGAL, SPILL CLEANUP,  TANKERS, "JAKOB MAERSK SPILL,
1319  PRECIPITATION, PATENT,  LUBRICATING  OIL, FLOCCULATION, WASTE OIL TREATMENT,
         RECLAMATION, SURFACTANTS,
1507  PRODUCTION, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE  DRILLING,  SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
1516  PRODUCTION, MODELS, GROUNDWATER, ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, "TERTIARY OIL RECOVERY
         METHODS, WATER QUALITY,
1525  PRODUCTION, OIL INDUSTRY,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,  SCOTLAND,
         "SULLOM VOE,
1537  PRODUCTION, OIL SHALE,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, DEVELOPMENT,
1609  PRODUCTION, LEGISLATION, EPA, US, WATER CUALITY,  "UNDERGROUND INJECTION,
1035  PUGET SOUND, OIL SPILLS, NOAA, MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BASELINE
         STUDIES, SEDIMENTS,
1094  PUGET SOUND, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
         SEDIMENTS, SPECTROSCOPY, WASHINGTON,
1202  PUGET SOUND, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, LEGISLATION, TANKERS, WASHINGTON,
1244  RECLAMATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL,  WASTE OIL  TREATMENT,
1250  RECLAMATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, DISPOSAL, WASTE  OIL,  SOURCES,
1255  RECLAMATION, DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, USN,
1308  RECLAMATION, INDUSTRIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTE OIL,
H10  RECLAMATION, LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, "BERC/ERDA SOLVENT,
1311  RECLAMATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL,  SURFACTANTS,
1312  RECLAMATION, LUBRICATING OIL, WASTE OILS, "REREFINING PROCESS,
1313  RECLAMATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL,  FILTRATION, .WASTE OIL,
m4  RECLAMATION  FUEL OIL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTE OIL, REUSE, "MEMBRANE TECHNIQUES,
ni6  RECLAMATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONSERVATION, WASTE OIL, UK,
1317  RECLAMATION, LUBRICATING OIL, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, WASTE OIL, REFINING, REUSE,
1319  RECLAMATION! PRECIPITATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING  OIL, FLOCCULATION,  WASTE OIL
         TREATMENT, SURFACTANTS,
1320  RECLAMATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL,  WASTE OIL, REFINING,
1297  RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, GERMANY, WEST,  REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
         SLUDGE,
1305  RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL, SLUDGE,

nil  RECYCLING' OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
 602  RECYCLING  LEGISLATION  WASTE OIL, STATE GOVERNMENTS, "LOCAL GOVERNMENTS,
\\ll  RED SEA  CRUDE OIL  CORALS; ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, "HETEHOXENIA FUSCSSCENS,
1028  REFINERIES, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INDUSTRIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION,

      RFF-?NERIESTEMONITORINGS'WASTE OIL, SAMPLING, HASTEWATERS,
106?  REFINERIES! MONITORING! CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,  WASTSWATERS,
         "COLORIMETRY,
                                           351

-------
 108!*  REFINERIES, HYDROCARBONS,  CONTAMINATION,  BEACHES,  SAMPLING,  SEDIMENTS,
 1086  REFINERIES, POLAND,  PETROCHEMICALS,  PAH,  HEALTH HAZARS,  SAMPLING,  SOIL,  "AGRICULTURE,
 1090  REFINERIES, MONITORING,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  WASTEWATERS,  TOXICITY,
 1092  REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,  MEXICO/GULF OF,  HYDROCARBONS,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  SAMPLING,
         SOURCES, 'MISSISSIPPI DELTA,
 1233  REFINERIES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  SHIPS,
 1238  REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,  PETROCHEMICALS,  OIL INDUSTRY,  MANUALS,  WASTEWATER
         TREATMENT,
 1210  REFINERIES, INCINERATION,  DISPOSAL,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SLUDGE,  'FLUID BED
         INCINERATION,
 1211  REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
 1251  REFINERIES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION,  FLOCCULATION,  COALESCENCE,  WASTEWATER
         TREATMENT,  'OZONATION,  '
 1259  REFINERIES, OXIDATION, WASTSWATER  TREATMENT,  'OXYGEN AERATION,
 1261  REFINERIES, DISPOSAL, SLUDGE,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT,  *SLUDGE  DEWATERING,
 1268  REFINERIES, INCINERATION,  HASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE,  USSR,
 1270  REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  'PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL METHODS,
 1272  REFINERIES, PATENT,  OXIDATION,  ACTIVATED  SLUDGE,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT,
 1280  REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  'BIOCHEMICAL  PURIFICATION,
 1289  REFINERIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE,  WASTEWATERS,  SOURCES,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT, 'OXIDATION
         LAGOONS, 'ACTIVATED CARBON,
 1290  REFINERIES, DISPOSAL, CONTAMINANTS,  CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
 1293  REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  'OZONE  AERATION, "BIOCHEMICAL PURIFICATION,
 1297  REFINERIES, RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  GERMANY,  WEST,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
         SLUDGE,
 1298  REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,  PATENT, INDUSTRIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SPILL CLEANUP,
 1299  REFINERIES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION,  EMULSIONS,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SKIMMERS,
 1301  REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,  SLUDGE, 'ACID PRETREATMENT,
 1303  REFINERIES, PATENT,  OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'POLYVINYL
         CHLORIDE,
 1738  REFINERIES, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  PETROCHEMICALS,  FUELS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
 1357  REFINERIES, PORTS, OIL SPILLS,  MARINE ORGANISMS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  WASTEWATERS,
         UK, 'MILFORD HAVEN,
 1358  REFINERIES, PORTS, OIL SPILLS,  MONITORING,  BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS,  WASTEWATERS,  UK,
         'MILFORD HAVEN, 'OIL POLLUTION  RESEARCH  UNIT,
 1359  REFINERIES, MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  WASTEWATERS,  SHORELINES,  VEGETATION, UK,
 1371  REFINERIES, MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  WAS'TEWATERS,  VEGETATION,  UK,  'SALTMARSH,
 1392  REFINERIES, PHYTOPLANKTON,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,  FRANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, WASTEWATERS,
 1398  REFINERIES, FRESHWATER,  FISH,  ACUTE  EFFECTS,  TOXICITY, WASTEWATERS, 'REDEAR  SUNFISH,
 ItttO  REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,  MODELS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS,  'INDUSTRY COSTS,
 1457  REFINERIES, OIL SPILLS,  MONITORING,  DISPERSANTS,  CONTAMINATION,  TOXICITY, 'BOOK REVIEW,
 1509  REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS,  OIL INDUSTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT,
 1511  REFINERIES, INDUSTRIES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  'ENERGY CONSERVATION, 'TECHNOLOGY
         INNOVATION,
 1621  REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING,  GUIDELINES, CANADA,  WASTEWATERS,
         REGULATIONS,
 1279  REFINING, PETROLEUM  PRODUCTS,  PETROCHEMICALS, CONTAMINATION,  WASTE OIL,  RIVERS, USSR,
 1317  REFINING, RECLAMATION, LUBRICATING OIL, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  WASTE OIL,  REUSE,
 1320  REFINING, RECLAMATION, PATENT,  LUBRICATING  OIL, WASTE  OIL,
 1312  REFINING, POLLUTION  PREVENTION,  OIL  TRANSPORT,  OIL SPILLS,  OIL  INDUSTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS,
 11H5  REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL  CLEANUP,  SAFETY,  USCG,
 1205  REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  COST  ANALYSIS, TANKERS,
         SEGREGATED  BALLAST, USCG,
 1221  REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, MONITORING,  IMCO, SHIPS,
 1330  REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  OIL  DISCHARGES, MONITORING,  IMCO, TANKERS, 'BAILEY
         MONITOR PROGRAM,
 1331  REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL DISCHARGES, EPA,  DRILLING, CONTINGENCY
         PLANNING, 'NAVIGABLE WATERS,
 1317  REGULATIONS, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
         DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SAFETY,  'OCEAN TECHNOLOGY,
 1459  REGULATIONS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CONTAMINANTS,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,   »BOOK
         REVIEW,
 1512  REGULATIONS, PORTS,  OIL DISCHARGES,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS, SAFETY,   'DEEPWATER
         PORT,
 1513  REGULATIONS, PLATFORMS,  OIL  INDUSTRY, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
 1529  REGULATIONS, PORTS,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, LIABILITY, INSURANCE, SHIPS,
 1601  REGULATIONS, OIL TRANSFER,  NEW JERSEY, LEGISLATION,  COMPENSATION, SPILL  CLEANUP,  STATE
         GOVERNMENTS,
1612  REGULATIONS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORWAY,  NORTH SEA,  LIABILITY,
 1614  REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  TANKERS, SEGREGATED  BALLAST,
1616  REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  NORTH SEA, LIABILITY,
         INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  EUROPE,
1621  REGULATIONS, REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL,  MONITORING, GUIDELINES, CANADA, WASTEWATERS,
                                             352

-------
1622
1053
1063
REGULATIONS, OIL TRANSPORT, LIABILITY, TANKERS, SAFETY, IJ^CG
RELEASE, MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, MANUALS.' HYDROCARBONS  UPTAK*
                     INTERTIDAL ZONE' CRUDE OIL' ALASKA, SEDIMENTS, UPTAKE, "PORT
1377
1396

1416

1448
1071
1072

1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
107S
1079
1080

1517
1173
1197
1198
1199
1336

1527
1314
1317
1304
1182
1194

1279
1460
1569
1573
1589
1010

1147

1226

1332

1347

1512

1528
1605
1620
1622
1623
1055
1081
1082

1083
1084
1085

1086
1087
1088
RELEASE, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PAH, FISH, UPTAKE. *3 ,4-BENZOPYRENE
RELEASE, METABOLISM, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, CRUSTACEANS, UPTAKE, "LABELED N-ALKANES
RELEASE, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, CRUSTACEANS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, UPTAKE
   "BIOTRANSFORMATION,
RELEASE, POLYCHAETES, FUEL OIL, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, UPTAKE. "NAPHTHALENE
   "NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA ,                                       •  -     .
RELEASE, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MICROORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL,
   SEDIMENTS, *TR ACE METALS ,
RELEASE, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, UPTAKE, 'BENZENE, "NORTHERN ANCHOVY, "STRIPED BASS,
REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, DETECTION, USGS, *LANDSAT IMAGERY,
REMOTE SENSING, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ALASKA,
REMOTE SENSING, CONTAMINANTS, BALTIC SEA, *WIND EFFECTS, "WAVE EFFECTS
REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SURVEILLANCE,
REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, OCEANS, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, SEAWATER,  "LIDAR ENERGETICS,
REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, MOVEMENT,  MONITORING, "SATELLITE-AIRCRAFT-DROGUE STUDIES,
REMOTE SENSING, OCS, ESTUARIES, DISPERSIONS, WASTEWATERS, "CURRENT CIRCULATION,
REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, OCEANS, DETECTION, "LASERS,
REMOTE SENSING, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL SPILLS, MODELS, DETECTION, COASTS,  "LINEAR
   PROGRAMMING,
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS,
   "CONFERENCES, "COASTAL IMPACTS,
RESTORATION, OIL SLICKS, ENGLAND, CONTAMINATION, COASTS, BIRDS,
RESTORATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, CANADA, SPILL CLEANUP,
RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS, BIRDS, SOLVENTS,
RESTORATION, OLYMPIC GAMES SPILL, OIL  SPILLS, CONTAMINATION, BIRDS,  TORREY CANYON,
RESTORATION, PERSONNEL TRAINING, OLYMPIC GAMES SPILL, BIRDS,
RESTORATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL WELLS, DISPOSAL, BEAUFORT SEA, BEACHES,  SPILL
   CLEANUP,
RESTORATION, OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, SIS, DISPOSAL, COLORADO, SOLID HASTES,
REUSE, RECLAMATION, FUEL OIL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTE OIL, "MEMBRANE TECHNIQUES,
REUSE, REFINING, RECLAMATION, LUBRICATING OIL, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,  WASTE  OIL,
RHINE RIVER, MONITORING, BILGES, WASTE OIL DISPOSAL, TANKERS, "COMPUTER SURVEILLANCE,
RIVERS, PATENT, ABSORPTION, SPILL CLEANUP, WASTE OIL, SEAWATER,
RIVERS, ICE, CANADA, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL RECOVERY, "ST.  CLAIR  4  DETROIT
   RIVERS,
RIVERS, REFINING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  PETROCHEMICALS, CONTAMINATION, WASTE OIL,  USSR,
RIVERS, OIL  TRANSFER, IRAQ, CONTAMINATION, WASTE OIL, TANKERS, "SHATT AL-ARAB,
RIVERS, ICE, CRUDE OIL, COALESCENCE, BEHAVIOR, SPREADING, EMUSIFICATION ,
RIVERS, HYDROCARBONS, FRANCE, FLOCCULATION, SEDIMENTATION,  "GULF OF  LION,
RIVERS, CONTAMINATION, BIODEGRADATION, SEDIMENTS, "PARPAMATTA RIVER, "MUDS,
SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, TANKERS, US, "LIBERIAN REGISTRY LAWS,
SAFETY, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, SPILL CLEANUP, USCG,
SAFETY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORWAY,  NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, ECONOMICS,
   SPILL CLEANUP,
SAFETY, MEXICO/GULF OF, LIABILITY, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,  TANKERS,
   USCG, "FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE,
SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL WELLS, OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DRILLING, OCS,  HEALTH
   HAZARDS,
SAFETY, REGULATIONS, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, INFORMATION SYSTEMS,
   DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "OCEAN TECHNOLOGY,
SAFETY, REGULATIONS, PORTS, OIL DISCHARGES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, "DEEPWATER
   PORT
SAFETY 'POLLUTION PREVENTION, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,  ECONOMICS,
SAFETY  OIL  SPILLS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, TANKERS, US, "CONGRESSIONAL BILLS,
"AFETY  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL TRANSFER, GUIDELINES, CRUDE OIL, TANKERS,  "TERMINALS,
SAFETY  REGULATIONS, OIL TRANSPORT, LIABILITY, TANKERS, USCG,
SAFETY  PLANTS  OIL INDUSTRY, HEALTH HAZARDS, GUIDELINES, STORAGE, "BULK PETROLEUM
SAMPLING,  REFINERIES, MONITORING, WASTE OIL, WASTEWATERS,
SAMPLING   PATENT, OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SURFACTANTS,
SAMPLING   OFFSHORE DRILLING, MICROORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
   ATLANTIC  COAST, SEAWATER, SEDIMENTS,
                  F, BEACHES, SEDIMENTS,
      SAMPLING; OIL SPILLS, ocs, MISSISSIPPI, HYDROCARBONS, ESTUARIES, ALABAMA, SEDIMENTS,

      SAMPLINGITREFINERIES, POLAND, PETROCHEMICALS, PAH, HEALTH HAZARDS, SOIL, "AGRICULTURE,

      1MJ8S; Wlffi" $ho&WlC, ?Sl™'c™ic»L ANALYSIS, BEAUFORT SEA, SEAWATER,
                                             353

-------
         SEDIMENTS, SOURCES,
 1092  SAMPLING, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS, MEXICO/GULF OF, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
         SOURCES, "MISSISSIPPI DELTA,
 1096  SAMPLING, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL INDUSTRY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WATER QUALITY,
         WASTEWATERS, "ON-LIFE INSTRUMENTATION,
 1'6*  SAMPLING, PLANTS, OIL SPILLS, MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "SPECIES REDUCTION,
 1553  SAMPLING, MICROORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, BEAUFORT SEA,
 1554  SAMPLING, MICROORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
 1563  SAMPLING, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MICROORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION, ATLANTIC
         COAST, "OIL DEVELOPMENT SITES,
 1352  SANTA BARBARA CHANNEL, NATURAL SEEPAGE, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, CHRONIC
         EFFECTS,
 1108  SCOTLAND, OIL SPILLS, NORTH SEA, BEACHES,
 1525  SCOTLAND, PRODUCTION, OIL INDUSTRY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
         "SULLOM VOE,
 1051  SEAWATER, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS, CRUSTACEANS, "MOTOR BEHAVIOR,
 1076  SEAWATER, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, "LIDAR ENERGETICS,
 1082  SEAWATER, SAMPLING, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MICROORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST, SEDIMENTS,
 1088  SEAWATEP, SAMPLING, PLANKTON, HYDROCARBONS,  FISH, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BEAUFORT SEA,
         SEDIMENTS, SOURCES,
 1112  SEAWATER, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DETECTION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, "NAPHTHENIC ACIDS,
 112U  SEAWATER, OIL SPILLS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SPECTROSCOPY,
 1182  SEAWATER, RIVERS, PATENT, ABSORPTION, SPILL  CLEANUP, WASTE OIL,
 1461  SEDIMENTATION, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, "ANIMAL-SEDIMENT
         RELATIONSHIPS,
 1578  SEDIMENTATION, RIVERS, HYDROCARBONS, FRANCE, FLOCCULATION, "GULF OF LION,
 1032  SEDIMENTS, MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, BENTHOS, UK, "SUELITTORAL
         MACROFAUNA, "MILFORD HAVEN,
 1035  SEDIMENTS, PUGET SOUND, OIL SPILLS, NOAA, MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         BASELINE STUDIES,
 1063  SEDIMENTS, RELEASE, MONITORING, INTSRTIDAL ZONE, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, UPTAKE, "PORT
         VALDEZ,
 1082  SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER, SAMPLING, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MICROORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION,
         .BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST,
 1084  SEDIMENTS, SAMPLING, REFINERIES, HYDROCARBONS, CONTAMINATION, BEACHES,
 1085  SEDIMENTS, SAMPLING, OIL SPILLS, OCS, MISSISSIPPI, HYDROCARBONS, ESTUARIES, ALABAMA,
         TOXICITY,
 1088  SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER, SAMPLING, PLANKTON, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
         BEAUFORT SEA, SOURCES,
 1091  SEDIMENTS, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
 1094  SEDIMENTS, PUGET SOUND, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS,-CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL
         TECHNIQUES, SPECTROSCOPY, WASHINGTON,
 1102  SEDIMENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, HYDROCARBONS, FLORIDA, COASTS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL
         ANALYSIS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,
 1108  SEDIMENTS, PORTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OCEANS, CONTAMINATION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, USSR,
 1117  SEDIMENTS, PAH, LAKES, CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SPECTROMETRY,
 1121  SEDIMENTS, LAKES, CHROMATOGRAPHY, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
         SPECTROSCOPY, "FLUORESCENCE,
 1126  SEDIMENTS, PAH, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SOURCES,
         SPECTROMETRY, "AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT,
 1131  SEDIMENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PAH, HYDROCARBONS, CRUDE OIL, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,
         SOIL,
 1409  SEDIMENTS, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS, ARCTIC, "AMPHIPODS,
         "ISOPODS,
 1426  SEDIMENTS, MOLLUSKS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, "CLAMS, "INDICATOR
         SPECIES, "MACOMA EALTHICA,
 1448  SEDIMENTS, RELEASE, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MICROORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE
         OIL,  "TRACE METALS,
 1491  SEDIMENTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, OCS, MONITORING, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BENTHOS,
         BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA,
 1560  SEDIMENTS, COASTS,  BLACK SEA, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, "COASTAL WATERS, USSR,
 1567  SEDIMENTS, MICROORGANISMS, CHESAPEAKE BAY, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, AROMATIC
         HYDROCARBONS ,
 1589  SEDIMENTS, RIVERS,  CONTAMINATION, BIODEGRADATION, "PARRAMATTA RIVER, "MUDS,
 1205  SEGREGATED BALLAST, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, COST
         ANALYSIS, TANKERS,  USCG,
 1614  SEGREGATED BALLAST, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,
         TANKERS,
1030  SHIPS,  OIL SPILLS,  TANKERS, SOURCES,
1036  SHIPS,  OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING,  BILGES, BALLAST,
1065  SHIPS,  MONITORING,  FUEL OIL, DETECTION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BILGES, "OIL-IN-WATER
         DETECTOR,
1184  SHIPS,  PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SKIMMERS, "WAVE DAMPING DEVICE,
1201  SHIPS,  OIL DISCHARGES, OCEANS, HARBORS, "MERCHANT SHIPS,
                                            354

-------
1204  SHIPS,  OIL TRANSFER, DESIGN-E GINEERING, RCTIC  "PUMPS  'ADAPTS
1221  SHIPS,REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, MONITORING  IMCO   '   '
'""  SHIPS,  REFINERIES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING  WASTFWAT^R TREATMENT
      .9HTPR  nTI-UfiTSID QPDADATTAM  rMTTf OfndTO  nrr sir.n  r,.«m«,	L TRPflTMrMT "«---"----	- ' -
      fggl: KiK'&K^^                                                   HAVEN'
      IS™!' ^DISCHARGES, FATE, DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION,  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,  TANKERS,
      SHIPS, REGULATIONS, PORTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, LIABILITY,  INSURANCE
\l°,l  lull*' °^tSPILLS' LEGISLATI°N. INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, US,  TANKERS  *LEGAL PROBLEMS,
1615  SHIPS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, LIABILITY, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,  IMCO.  HARBORS,
         COMPENSATION, COASTS,
1619  SHIPS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL DISCHARGES,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,
         INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,
1018  SHORELINES, PORTS, OIL TRANSFER, OIL SPILLS, ISRAEL, CONTAMINATION, SPILL CLEANUP,
         *EILAT OIL TERMINAL,
1355  SHORELINES, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ATLANTIC COAST,  'WWII SPILLS,
1359  SHORELINES, REFINERIES, MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, HASTEWATERS,  VEGETATION,  UK,
1110  SKIMMERS, PATENT, OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,. BOOMS,  SPILL  CLEANUP,
1113  SKIMMERS, SPILL CLEANUP, SPILL RECOVERY, 'STRAIT OF -MALACCA,
1146  SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY, *CLEAN SWEEP OIL SKIMMER,
1143  SKIMMERS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FUELS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  SPILL RECOVERY,  WASTE OIL,
1149  SKIMMERS, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP, *VIKOMA INTERNATIONAL,
1151  SKIMMERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CLEANUP, 'DYNAMIC INCLINED  PLANE SKIMMER,
1154  SKIMMERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY,
1158  SKIMMERS, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL CLEANUP,
1166  SKIMMERS, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTAMINANTS, SPILL RECOVERY,
116?  SKIMMERS, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY,
1169  SKIMMERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, *OELA-III SKIMMER,
1172  SKIMMERS, MODELS, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, SPILL CLEANUP,  »HYDRODYNAMIC  PROBLEMS,
1174  SKIMMERS, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, SPILL CLEANUP,
1177  SKIMMERS, PATENT, ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY, 'ABSORBENT  POWDER,
1184  SKIMMERS, SHIPS, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, *WAVE DAMPING  DEVICE,
1188  SKIMMERS, ICE, FRESHWATER, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, SPILL RECOVERY,  'LOCKHEED CLEAN  SWEEP,
1189  SKIMMERS,- DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SPILL RECOVERY, *SLURP WEIR SKIMMER,
1196  SKIMMERS, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP,
1235  SKIMMERS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, INLAND, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  WASTEWATERS,  *AFL
         INDUSTRIES,
1299  SKIMMERS, REFINERIES, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FLOTATION, EMULSIONS,  WASTEWATER  TREATMENT,
1344  SKIMMERS, POLLUTION CONTROL, BOOMS, SPILL CLEANUP,
1345  SKIMMERS, POLLUTION CONTROL, CANADA, SPILL RECOVERY, 'EQUIPMENT  TESTING,
1229  SLUDGE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
1240  SLUDGE, REFINERIES, INCINERATION, DISPOSAL, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  'FLUID BED
         INCINERATION,
1261  SLUDGE, REFINERIES, DISPOSAL, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, 'SLUDGE  DEWATEFING,
1268  SLUDGE, REFINERIES, INCINERATION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, USSR,
1276  SLUDGE, INCINERATION, DISPOSAL, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, COST  ANALYSIS,  SOLID  WASTES,
1287  "LUDGE  PH CONTROL, FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, WASTEWATSR TREATMENT,  COAGULATION,  'AERATION,
1297  SLUDGE, REFINERIES, RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, GERMANY, WEST, WASTEWATER
         TREATMENT,.
1301  SLUDGE, REFINERIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, *ACID PRETREATMENT,
1305  SLUDGE, RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DISPOSAL, WASTE  OIL,
1541  SOCIAL EFFECTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, ALASKA,
1222  SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, OIL TRANSFER, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT,  MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS, SPREADING,
1507  SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, PRODUCTION, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE  DRILLING,
1525  SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, SCOTLAND, PRODUCTION, OIL INDUSTRY,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,

1535  SOCIO-ECONOMIC 'EFFECTS, PORTS, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE  DEVELOPMENT, NEW JERSEY,

1086  SOIL!LSAMPLING?AREFINERIES, POLAND, PETROCHEMICALS, PAH,  HEALTH  HAZARDS,  'AGRICULTURE,
1131  SOIL! SEDIMENTS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PAH, HYDROCARBONS, CRUDE  OIL,  SOURCE
         IDENTIFICATION,
1160  SOIL, PATENT, MICROORGANISMS, BIODEGRADATION , SPILL DISPOSAL,
11S1  SOTL  CONTAMINATION. 'OIL REMOVAL, 3DETERGENTS,
n94  SOIL  FUNGI  CRUDE OIL  BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,  WASTE  OIL,
 276  SOLID HASTES  SLUDGE; INCINERATION, DISPOSAL, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,  COST ANALYSIS,
 288  SOLID WASTES  OIL INDUSTRY, INDUSTRIES, DISPOSAL, WASTEWATERS,
nOO  'OLID WASTES  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, 'ENERGY SOURCES,
 527  SOLID WASTES' RESTORATION  OIL SHALE, EXTRACTION, EIS, DISPOSAL,  COLORADO,
\\T(  SOLUBILITY  OIL SPILLS  ICE, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC,  ABSORPTION,  SPREADING, CLEANUP,
}lll  In^MTTOH  OIL SPILLS  MODFLS  HYDROCARBONS, EVAPORATION,  CRUDE  OIL, TOXICITY,
 n«  smVFNTs' HYDROCAHBOHS  EXTRACTION , CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SPECTROMETRY ,
nil  loill^l: BE^EUM PRODUCTS! EXTRACTION, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,  'GRAVIMETRIC
         DETERMINATION,
                                             355

-------
 1193  SOLVENTS, PHYTOPLANKTON, EMULSIFIERS, SURFACTANTS, TOXICITY,
 1197  SOLVENTS, RESTORATION, OIL SPILLS, BIRDS,
 11H3  SOLVENTS, FISH, DISPERSANTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, TOXICITY, *FISH LARVAE,
 1119  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, API,
 1123  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, HYDROCARBONS, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
 1121  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SEAWATER, OIL SPILLS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SPECTROSCOPY,
 1125  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CRUDE OIL, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, "LUMINESCENCE CONTOUR SPECTRA,
 1126  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SEDIMENTS, PAH, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, SOURCES,
         SPECTROMETRY, »AOUATIC ENVIRONMENT,
 1127  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CRUDE OIL, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, *FLUOROMETRY,
 1128  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, ANALTYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SPECTROMETRY,
 1129  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, *TAR BALLS, SAMPLING, CRUDE
         OIL, WEATHERING, ISRAEL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,
 mo  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, SPECTROSCOPY, SPECTROMETRY,
         «US BUREAU OF MINES,
 mi  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SOIL, SEDIMENTS,  PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PAH, HYDROCARBONS, CRUDE
         OIL,
 13U3  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, POLLUTION PREVENTION, LAW ENFORCEMENT, SPILL CLEANUP,
         SURVEILLANCE, USCG,
 1625  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS, OIL INDUSTRY, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS,
         CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
 1016  SOURCES, ITALY, HYDROCARBONS, CONTAMINATION, WASTEWATERS, *GULF OF TRIESTE,
 1028  SOURCES, REFINERIES, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INDUSTRIES, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONTAMINATION,
         WASTEWATERS,
 1030  SOURCES, SHIPS, OIL SPILLS, TANKERS,
 1070  SOURCES, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, COASTS, BEAUFORT SEA, TAR,
 1088  SOURCES, SEDIMENTS, SEAWATER, SAMPLING,  PLANKTON, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, CHEMICAL
         ANALYSIS, BEAUFORT SEA,
 1092  SOURCES, SAMPLING, REFINERIES, PETROCHEMICALS, MEXICO/GULF OF, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL
         ANALYSIS, "MISSISSIPPI DELTA,
 1126  SOURCES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SEDIMENTS, PAH, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
         SPECTROMETRY, "AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT,
 1203  SOURCES, PACIFIC OCEAN, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE ORGANISMS, FISHERIES,
         FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
 1250  SOURCES, RECLAMATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL,
 1289  SOURCES, REFINERIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE, WASTEWATERS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "OXIDATION
         LAGOONS', "ACTIVATED CARBON,
 1150  SOUTH AFRICA, SPILL CLEANUP, MARINE ORGANISMS, DISPERSANTS, TOXICITY,
 1152  SOUTH AFRICA, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "SALVAGE TUG,
 1153  SOUTH AFRICA, SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "SALVAGE TUG,
 1453  SPAIN, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, URQUIOLA
         SPILL,
 10X9  SPECTROMETRY, MONITORING, DETECTION, BILGES, BALLAST, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WASTE
         OIL, "SUMMING LUMINESCENCE SPECTROMETRY,
 10P5  SPECTROMETRY, SOLVENTS, HYDROCARBONS, EXTRACTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
 1098  SPECTROMETRY, PAH, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CARCINOGENS,
 1111  SPECTROMETRY, CONTAMINANTS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, "POLLUTANT CLASSIFICATION,
         "COMPUTER-SPECTROMETER SYSTEM,
 1117  SPECTROMETRY, SEDIMENTS, PAH, LAKES, CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
 1126  SPECTROMETRY, SOURCES, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SEDIMENTS, PAH, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  CHEMICAL
         ANALYSIS, "AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT,
 1128  SPECTROMETRY, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, ANALTYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
 1130  SPECTROMETRY, CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, OIL SPILLS, CRUDE OIL, *U.S. BUREAU
         OF MINES,

 109"  SPECTROSCOPY, SEDIMENTS, PUGET SOUND, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,
         ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WASHINGTON,
 1121  SPECTROSCOPY, SEDIMENTS, LAKES, CHROMATOGRAPHY, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL
         TECHNIQUES,  "FLUORESCENCE,
 1121  SPECTROSCOPY, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, SEAWATER, OIL SPILLS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
 1130  SPECTROSCOPY, SPECTROMETRY, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, OIL SPILLS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
         "US BUREAU OF MINES,
 1007  SPILL CLEANUP,  OIL SPILLS, NORWAY, NORTH SEA, "EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
 1011  SPILL CLEANUP,  OIL SPILLS, NORWAY, NORTH SEA, MONITORING, "EKOFISK BLOWOUT,
 1018  SPILL CLEANUP,  SHORELINES, PORTS, OIL TRANSFER, OIL SPILLS, ISRAEL, CONTAMINATION,
         "EILAT OIL TERMINAL,
 1019  SPILL CLEANUP,  PORTUGAL, TANKERS, "JAKOB MAERSK SPILL,
 1022  SPILL CLEANUP,  LIABILITY, FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL,
         TANKERS,
 1023  SPILL CLEANUP,  OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, JAPAN, FUEL OIL, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  "INLAND
         SEA,
10X1  SPILL CLEANUP,  MONITORING, GROUNDWATER,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTAMINATION,
1122  SPILL CLEANUP,  INFORMATION SYSTEMS,  EPA, US, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, USCG,
11X0  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, PATENT, OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS,
11X3  SPILL CLEANUP,  SKIMMERS, SPILL RECOVERY, "STRAIT OF MALACCA,
                                             356

-------
1145
1147

1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1158
1159
1163
1164
1168
1172
1173
1174
1175
1182
1137
1196
1298
1323

1324

1325
1327

1329

1336

1337

1310

13*3

1344
1151

1453

1523

1542

1551
15Q4
1601

1604
1627

1633
1005
1009
1132
1133
1131
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1172
1194

1587

1142
1160
1225
1271
1624
SPILL CLEANUP, SAFETY, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, USCG
SPILL CLEANUP, SAFETY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, NORWAY, NORTH SEA, ENVIRONMENTAL
   PROTECTION, ECONOMICS,
SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, BOOMS, "VIKOMA INTERNATIONAL,
SPILL CLEANUP., MARINE ORGANISMS, DISPERSANTS, SOUTH AFRICA  TOXICITY
SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "DYNAMIC INCLINED PLANE'SKIMMER
SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SOUTH AFRICA, *SALVAGE'TUG
SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, SOUTH AFRICA, "SALVAGE TUG
SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, EMULSIONS, DISPERSANTS, SURFACTANTS
SPILL CLEANUP, ENGLAND, DISPERSANTS, TOXICITY,            '
SPILL CLEANUP, OCEANS,
SPILL CLEANUP, DISPOSAL, ABSORPTION, *COTTON SORBENT,
SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, MODELS, BOOMS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, *HYDRODYNAMIC PROBLEMS.
SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COASTS, CANADA,
SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, OIL SLICKS, MICROORGANISMS, BIODEGRADATION, "NUTRIENT PARTICLES,
SPILL CLEANUP, SEAWATSR, RIVERS, PATENT, ABSORPTION, WASTE OIL,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, DISPERSIONS, "ASBESTOS MINE WASTES,
SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS,
SPILL CLEANUP, REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, PATENT, INDUSTRIES, WASTEWATER TREATMENT,
SPILL CLEANUP, INDUSTRIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,  *OIL SPILL
   COOPERATIVES,
SPILL CLEANUP, OIL DISCHARGES, LEGISLATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
   US, SURVEILLANCE,
SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION, FPANCE, CRUDE OIL, *POLMAR PLAN,
SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, COMPENSATION.
   •CONGRESSIONAL BILL,
SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TRANSPORT, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA,
   FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL,
SPILL CLEANUP, RESTORATION, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL WELLS, DISPOSAL, BEAUFORT SEA,
   BEACHES,
SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, DISPOSAL, DETECTION, BEAUFORT SEA,
   •EQUIPMENT EVALUATION,
SPILL CLEANUP, DISPOSAL, DETECTION, BEHAVIOR, ARCTIC, "ARCTIC MARINE OIL SPILL
   PROGRAM,
SPILL CLEANUP, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, POLLUTION PREVENTION, LAW ENFORCEMENT,
   SURVEILLANCE, USCG,
SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, POLLUTION CONTROL, BOOMS,
SPILL CLEANUP, PORTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TRANSFER, LEAKAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL
   EFFECTS, UK, "MILFORD HAVEN,
SPILL CLEANUP, SPAIN, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DISPERSANTS, URQUIOLA
   SPILL,
SPILL CLEANUP, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MARINE ORGANISMS, ICE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
   BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,
SPILL CLEANUP, POLLUTION PREVENTION, ONSHORE IMPACTS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, DCS,
   HABITAT, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,
SPILL CLEANUP, MOVEMENT, MONITORING, ICE, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, SPREADING,  WEATHERING,
SPILL CLEANUP, REGULATIONS, OIL TRANSFER, NEW JERSEY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, STATE
   GOVERNMENTS,
SPILL CLEANUP, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US,
SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SPILLS, HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION, BIBLIOGRAPHIES, BACTERIA,
   ALGAE,
SPILL CLEANUP, OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, FATE, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, "WELL BLOWOUT,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, "EKOFISK WELL BLOWOUT,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, "AIR BUBBLE SCREENS,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, TANKERS,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, "FENDING DEVICE,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, ABSORPTION, SPILL RECOVERY, "SORBENT PADS.
SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT, HYDROCARBONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS, ABSORPTION,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, PATENT, HYDROCARBONS, DESIGN-ENGIMEERING, BOOMS, ADSORPTION,
'PILL CONTAINMENT  SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, MODELS, BOOMS, "HYDRODYNAMIC PROBLEMS,
SPILL CONTAINMENT, RIVERS, ICE, CANADA, BOOMS, SPILL RECOVERY, "ST. CLAIR & DETROIT

SPILLVCONTAINMENT, OCEANS, MODELS, MARINE ORGANISMS, FATE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,

SPILLSDISPOSAL| OIL HELLS, INCINERATION, ICE, CANADA, ARCTIC, "BLOWOUTS,
SPILL DISPOSAL, SOIL, PATENT, MICROORGANISMS, BIODEGRADATION,
SPILL DISPOSAL, FUEL  OIL, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, STORAGE,
SPILL DISPOSAL! COST  ANALYSIS, WASTE OIL DISPOSAL, STORAGE, USCG,
SPILL DISPOSAL, OIL TRANSFER, OIL SLICKS, ICE, BIODSGRADATION, BIBLIOGRAPHIES,  ARCTIC,
                                             357

-------
         CONTAINMENT, RECOVERY, STORAGE,
 1137  SPILL RECOVERY, SPILL CONTAINMENT, ABSORPTION, *SORBENT PADS,
 1141  SPILL PECOVERY, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ABSORPTION, 'FERROMAGNETIC FOAM,
 1143  SPILL RECOVERY, SPILL CLEANUP, SKIMMERS, "STRAIT OF MALACCA,
 1144  SPILL RECOVERY, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1116  SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, "CLEAN SWEEP OIL SKIMMER,
 1148  SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, FUELS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, WASTE OIL,
 1151  SPILL PECOVERY, SKIMMERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ABSORPTION,
 1155  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "UNDERWATER FISSURES,
 1156  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1157  SPILL RECOVERY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL SLICKS,  USN, "GELATION, "AMINE CARBAMATES,
 1161  SPILL RECOVERY, OIL TRANSFER, "PORTABLE PUMPS,
 1165  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, ABSORPTION, "SORBSNT BROADCASTER,
 1166  SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CONTAMINANTS,
 1167  SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1169  SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "OELA-III SKIMMER,
 1170  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1171  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, ABSORPTION, "GLASS FIBER BLANKETS,
 1176  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, ABSORPTION, "ABSORBENT POLYMERS,
 1177  SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, PATENT, ABSORPTION, "ABSORBENT -POWDER,
 1178  SPILL RECOVERY, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1179  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "OIL MOP RIGGING SYSTEM,
 1180  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "GUIDED JET,
 1183  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, ADSORPTION,
 1185  SPILL RECOVERY, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, CRUDE OIL, ABSORPTION, "SORBENTS,
 1186  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
 1138  SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, ICE, FRESHWATER, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, "LOCKHEED CLEAN SWEEP,
 1189  SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "SLURP WEIR SKIMMER,
 1190  SPILL RECOVERY, PSTROLF-UM PRODUCTS, PATENT, "ADHESIVE POLYMER FILM,
 1194  SPILL RECOVERY, SPILL CONTAINMENT, RIVERS, ICE, CANADA, BOOMS, "ST. CLAIR & DETROIT
         RIVERS,
 1195  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "FLEXIBLE FLOATING PIPE,
 1232  SPILL RECOVERY, OIL TANKS, EMULSIONS, BILGES, WASTE OIL TREATMENT, "DEMULSIFYING
         AGENTS,
 1283  SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, OIL SLICKS, ABSORPTION, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "POLYURETHANE,
 1345  SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS, POLLUTION CONTROL,  CANADA, "EQUIPMENT TESTING,
 1582  SPILL RECOVERY, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, NORTH SEA, FATE, EVAPORATION,
         DISPERSIONS, "EKOFISK WELL BLOWOUT,
 1222  SPREADING, SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS, OIL TRANSFER, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MODELS,
         ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, COST ANALYSIS,
 1223  SPREADING, PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, MODELS, LEAKAGE, FATE, EVAPORATION,
         "IGNITION HAZARDS,
 153?  SPREADING, OIL SPILLS, OFFSHORE DRILLING, MOVEMENT, MARINE MAMMALS, FISH,
         ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIRDS, BEAUFORT SEA,
 1569  SPREADING, RIVERS, ICE, CRUDE OIL, COALESCENCE, BEHAVIOR, EMUSIFICATION,
 1570  SPREADING, PHYSICAL EFFECTS,  OIL SLICKS, DRIFT, WEATHERING,
 1571  SPREADING, GROUNDWATER, CONTAMINATION, CALIFORNIA, WASTEWATER DISPOSAL,
 1573  SPREADING, SOLUBILITY, OIL SPILLS, ICE, BEHAVIOR,  ARCTIC, ABSORPTION, CLEANUP,
 1576  SPREADING, OIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, "WAVE INTERACTION ANALYSIS,
 1594  SPREADING, SPILL CLEANUP, MOVEMENT, MONITORING, ICE, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, WEATHERING,
 1598  SPREADING, OIL SPILLS, ICE, "OIL TEMPERATURE, "ICE TEMPERATURE, "SPILLING RATE,
 1601  STATE GOVERNMENTS, SPILL CLEANUP, REGULATIONS, OIL TRANSFER, NEW JERSEY, LEGISLATION,
         COMPENSATION,
 1602  STATE GOVERNMENTS, RECYCLING, LEGISLATION, WASTE OIL, "LOCAL GOVERNMENTS,
 1608  STATE GOVERNMENTS, OIL DISCHARGES, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION, US,
         "NAVIGABLE WATERS,
 1122  STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPILL CLEANUP, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, EPA, US, USCG,
 1128  STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPECTROMETRY, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, ANALTYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
 1485  STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, BENTHOS,  BASELINE STUDIES, ALASKA/GULF OF, "PRODUCTIVITY,
 1021  STATISTICS, OIL SPILLS, JAPAN, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION, "SETO INLAND SEA,
 1379  STATISTICS, CONTAMINATION, BIRDS, BALTIC SEA, "MORTALITY,
 1425  STATISTICS, CRUDE OIL, CONTAMINATION, BIRDS,  BALTIC SEA, "MORTALITY, "GDANSK BAY,
 1207  STORAGE, PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TANKS, OIL SPILLS, OCS, ECONOMICS, ALASKA/GULF
         OF,  TANKERS, "RISK ANALYSIS,
 1208  STORAGE, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, "SALT DOMES, "TANK FARMS, "STRATEGIC
         PETROLEUM RESERVE,
 1209  STORAGE, LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, "BAYOU CHOCTAW SALT  DOME,
 1210  STORAGE, OIL TRANSPORT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL,'WATER QUALITY,  "BRYAN
         .MOUND SALT DOMES,
1211  STORAGE, OIL SPILLS,  KENTUCKY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, WATER QUALITY,
         "CENTRAL ROCK MINE,-
1212  STORAGE, OIL SPILLS,  LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, WATER QUALITY,
         "COTE BLANCHE MINE,
1213  STORAGE, OIL SPILLS,  OHIO, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  EIS, CRUDE OIL, WATER QUALITY,
                                            358

-------
1214

1215

1216

1217

1225
1271
1623
1024

1629

1081
1159
1193
1311
1319

1549

1074
1324
1093
1010
1014
1019
1022

1025
1027
1030
1033
1042
1115
1135
1200
1202
1205

1207

1213
1219

1220
1224

1226

1304
1330

1339

1386
1402
 449
1460
 602
 605
 607
1610
1613

1614
   'IRONTON MINE,.
STORAGE, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, WATER QUALITY, TEXAS,
   * K L £ E R MINE,
STORAGE, OIL SPILLS, LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, WATER QUALITY,
    WEEKS ISLAND MJNE ,
STORAGE, OIL TRANSPORT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, WATER QUALITY  »WEST
   HACKBERRY SALT DOME,
STORAGE, FEA , ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CRUDE OIL, 'STRATEGIC PETROLEUM
   RESERVE,
STORAGE, SPILL DISPOSAL, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA
STORAGE, SPILL DISPOSAL, COST ANALYSIS, WASTE OIL DISPOSAL, USCG
STORAGE, SAFETY, PLANTS, OIL INDUSTRY, HEALTH HAZARDS, GUIDELINES, »BULK PETROLEUM
STORAGE, SPILL DISPOSAL, OIL TRANSFER , .OIL SLICKS, ICE, BIODEGRADATION,
   BIBLIOGRAPHIES, ARCTIC, CONTAINMENT, RECOVERY,
SUBARCTIC REGIONS, OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIBLIOGRAPHIES
   BASELINE STUDIES, ARCTIC,
SURFACTANTS, SAMPLING, PATENT, OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
SURFACTANTS, SPILL CLEANUP, PATENT, EMULSIONS, DISPERSANTS,
SURFACTANTS, SOLVENTS, PHYTOPLANKTON, EMULSIFIERS, TOXICITY,
SURFACTANTS, RECLAMATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL,
SURFACTANTS, RECLAMATION, PRECIPITATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL, FLOCCULATION ,  WASTE
   OIL TREATMENT,
SURFACTANTS, OXIDATION, HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, TOXICITY,  *IOHIC
   CONCENTRATION, »DETERGENTS,
SURVEILLANCE, REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICKS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
SURVEILLANCE, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL DISCHARGES, LEGISLATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
   CONTINGENCY PLANNING, US,
SURVEILLANCE, SPILL CLEANUP, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  LAW
   ENFORCEMENT, USCG,
SWEDEN, OIL SLICKS, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
TANKERS, SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, US, »LIBERIAN REGISTRY LAWS,
TANKERS, OIL SPILLS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, *LIBERIAN REGISTRY,
TANKERS, SPILL CLEANUP, PORTUGAL, 'JAKOB MAERSK SPILL,
TANKERS, SPILL CLEANUP, LIABILITY, FISHERIES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARGO  MERCHANT
   SPILL,
TANKERS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, 'LIBERIAN FLAG  OF CONVENIENCE,
TANKERS, LEGISLATION, FISHERIES, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, USCG, 'NEW ENGLAND,
TANKERS, SOURCES, SHIPS, OIL SPILLS,
TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, BALLAST, "OIL-WATER INTERFACE,
TANKERS, PATENT, OIL SLICKS, MONITORING, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BALLAST,
TANKERS, OIL SPILLS, MODELS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS, *OPTIMAL TANKER SIZE,
TANKERS, SPILL CONTAINMENT, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, BOOMS,
TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL SPILLS, LEGISLATION, US,
TANKERS, PUGET SOUND, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, LEGISLATION, WASHINGTON,
TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, ENVIRONMENTAL
   PROTECTION, COST ANALYSIS, USCG,
TANKERS, STORAGE, PIPELINES, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL TANKS, OIL SPILLS, OCS, ECONOMICS,
   ALASKA/GULF OF, *RISK ANALYSIS,
TANKERS, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA, 'VALDEZ NARROWS,
TANKERS, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, OIL DISCHARGES, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMICS,
   'SUPERTANKERS,
TANKERS, OIL TRANSFER, MODELS, *ICE COOLING RATES,
TANKERS, PORTS, OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ALASKA,  'VALDEZ
   NARROWS,
TANKERS, SAFETY, MEXICO/GULF OF, LIABILITY, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ARGO MERCHANT  SPILL,
   USCG, 'FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE,
TANKERS  RHINE RIVER, MONITORING, BILGES, WASTE OIL DISPOSAL, 'COMPUTER SURVEILLANCE,
TANKERS! REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING, IMCO, 'BAILEY
   M^MTHTOD D 13 fl r* R A M
TANKERS, POLLUTION ' CONTROL , NETHERLANDS, LEGISLATION, LAW ENFORCEMENT, HARBORS,  WATER

TANKERSITOIL SPILLS, MOVEMENT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ATLANTIC COAST,  WWII SPILLS,
TANKERS  PORTS, OIL SPILLS, METULA SPILL, MARSHES, MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL
   EFFECTS, UK, 'MILFORD HAVEN,
TANKERS  LIABILITY  INSURANCE, 'MARINE INDUSTRY,
BANKERS' SHIPS  OIL DISCHARGES, FATE, DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
TANKERS; RIVERS, OIL TRANSFER, IRAQ, CONTAMINATION, WASTE OIL  *SHATT  AL-ARAB,
TANKERS  OIL TRANSPORT, OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, CALIFORNIA,
BANKERS' SAFETY  OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, us, 'CONGRESSIONAL BILLS,
TANKERS' SHIPS  OIL SPILLS, LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, us, 'LEGAL  PROBLEMS,
TANKERS; PORT!; OIL TRANSPORT, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COST ANALYSIS,  us,  'DEEPWATER

TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, LEGISLATION, FRANCE, 'FRENCH MARITIME LAW,  'OLYMPIC
   PRAVPRY *^ P ILL,
TANKERS" SEGREGATED BALLAST, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION CONTROL, INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS,
                                       359

-------
 1617  TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, OIL DISCHARGES, MONITORING,
         INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS, IMCO,
 1620  TANKERS, SAFETY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, OIL TRANSFER, GUIDELINES, CRUDE OIL, *TERMINALS,
 1622  TANKERS, SAFETY, REGULATIONS, OIL TRANSPORT, LIABILITY, USCG,
 1070  TAR, SOURCES, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, COASTS, BEAUFORT SEA,
 1087  TAR, SAMPLING, CARIBBEAN SEA, ATLANTIC OCEAN,
 1294  TAR SANDS, DEVELOPMENT, CANADA,  WASTEWATER DISPOSAL, WATER QUALITY,
 1099  TEXAS, OCS, MEXICO/GULF OF, HYDROCARBONS, DISTRIBUTION, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, BENTHOS,
 1214  TEXAS, STORAGE, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, BIS, CRUDE OIL, WATER QUALITY,
         •KLEER MINE,
 1198  TORREY CANYON, RESTORATION, OLYMPIC GAMES SPILL, OIL SPILLS, CONTAMINATION, BIRDS,
 1085  TOXICITY, SEDIMENTS, SAMPLING, OIL SPILLS, OCS, MISSISSIPPI, HYDROCARBONS, ESTUARIES,
         ALABAMA,
 1090  TOXICITY, REFINERIES, MONITORING, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WASTEWATEHS,
 1150.  TOXICITY, SPILL CLEANUP, MARINE ORGANISMS, DISPERSANTS, SOUTH AFRICA,
 1163  TOXICITY, SPILL CLEANUP, ENGLAND, DISPERSANTS,
 1193  TOXICITY, SURFACTANTS, SOLVENTS, PHYTOPLANKTON, EMULSIFIERS,
 1286  TOXICITY, OXIDATION, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "AERATION,
 1349  TOXICITY, OIL SPILLS, FISH, ESTUARIES, DELAWARE RIVER, »CORINTHOS SPILL,
 1351  TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, DISPERSIONS, CRUDE OIL, "OYSTER, "CRASSOSTREA ,  VIRGINICA,
 1354  TOXICITY, OIL SPILLS, MICROORGANISMS, FUEL OIL, YEASTS, 'ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT EXPOSURE,
 1361  TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MARINE ORGANISMS, FISH, BLACK SEA, BENTHOS, *SHRIMP,
         "ELECTRICAL CURRENTS,
 1366  TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, WASTE OIL, *CLAMS, *MERCENARIA,
 1367  TOXICITY, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BACTERIA, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS,
 1368  TOXICITY, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS, *CANCER
         MAGISTER DANA, "WATER SOLUBLE FRACTION,
 1369  TOXICITY, RED SEA, CRUDE OIL, CORALS, ACUTE EFFECTS, *HETEROXENIA FUSCESCENS,
 1370  TOXICITY, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, CHRONIC EFFECTS, BERING SEA, ALASKA, ACUTE EFFECTS,
 1372  TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, CONTAMINANTS, BEHAVIOR, *SUBLETHAL EFFECTS,
 1373  TOXICITY, MARINE MAMMALS, HYDROCARBONS, ACUTE EFFECTS, "SEALS, *PHOCA VITULINA,
 1375  TOXICITY, HYDROCARBONS, FUEL OIL, CONTAMINANTS, "FUEL ADDITIVES,
 1382  TOXICITY, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, BACTERIA, "REFINED OIL, WEATHERING,
 1335  TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, COASTS, CANADA, BACTERIA, "GLUCOSE UPTAKE,
 1390  TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, BEHAVIOR, ACUTE EFFECTS, ZOOPLANKTON, "HATER SOLUBLE .FRACTIONS,
 1391  TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, "AMPHIPODS,
 1395  TOXICITY, FISH, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, "LIVER AND SKIN TISSUES,
 1397  TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, METABOLISM, INVERTEBRATES, FISH,
 1398  TOXICITY, REFINERIES, FRESHWATER, FISH, ACUTE EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS, "REDEAR SUNFISH,
 1399  TOXICITY, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, ACUTE EFFECTS, "FATHEAD MINNOWS,
 1403  TOXICITY, MARINE ORGANISMS, FUEL OIL, ECHINODERMS, CRUDE OIL, "SAND DOLLARS,
 1411  TOXICITY, INVERTEBRATES, CRUDE OIL, ARCTIC, "AMPHIPOD, "COELENTERATE,
 1413  TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PETROCHEMICALS, FISH,
 1414  TOXICITY, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ALASKA, ACUTE
         EFFECTS,
 1419  TOXICITY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  FISHERIES, FISH, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE
         EFFECTS, "PACIFIC HERRING,
 1420  TOXICITY, MARINE MAMMALS/ CRUDE OIL,' ACUTE EFFECTS, "RINGED SEALS,
 1423  TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM,  FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, "CLAMS, "MYA ARENARIA,
 1424  TOXICITY, OIL SPILLS, MOLLUSKS,  INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL OIL, CHRONIC EFFECTS, ACUTE
         EFFECTS, "HONG KONG,
 1427  TOXICITY, PHYTOPLANKTON, MARINE ORGANISMS, EMULSIFIERS,
 1430  TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, EMULSIONS, DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, UK,
 1433  TOXICITY, SOLVENTS, FISH, DISPERSANTS, ACUTE EFFECTS, "FISH LARVAE,
 1434  TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, ALGAE, "GROWTH RATES, "PHENALEN-1-ONE,
 1456  TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, "CONTROLLED MARINE ECOSYSTEMS ,
 1457  TOXICITY, REFINERIES, OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, DISPERSANTS, CONTAMINATION, "BOOK  REVIEW,
 1483  TOXICITY, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT,  MARINE MAMMALS, BERING SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         "MORTALITY,
 1504  TOXICITY, OIL WELLS, FISH, DRILLING, ARCTIC, ACUTE EFFECTS, "TROUT, "DRILLING  MUDS,
 1506  TOXICITY, OIL WELLS, FISH, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DRILLING, "SALMON, "DRILLING MUDS,
 1547  TOXICITY, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, MONITORING, CRUSTACEANS, CRUDE OIL, BIODEGRADATION,
         ARCTIC, "AMPHIPODS,
 1549  TOXICITY, SURFACTANTS, OXIDATION, HYDROCARBONS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA, "IONIC
         CONCENTRATION, "DETERGENTS,
 1572  TOXICITY, SOLUTION, OIL SPILLS,  MODELS, HYDROCARBONS, EVAPORATION, CRUDE. OIL,
 1363  TROPICAL REGIONS, MARINE ORGANISMS, INTERTIDAL ZONE, FUEL OIL, CORALS,  BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS,
 1006  UK,  HEALTH HAZARDS, ECONOMICS, DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL,
1012  UK,  MONITORING,  CONTAMINATION, BIRDS, "BIRD MORTALITY,
1026  UK,  ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION, BALTIC SEA, USSR, "JOINT UK/USSR COMMITTEE,
1032  UK,  SEDIMENTS, MONITORING, MARINE ORGANISMS, DISTRIBUTION, BENTHOS, "SUBLITTORAL
         MACROFAUNA, "MILFORD HAVEN,
1206  UK,  PORTS,  OIL TRANSFER, OIL DISCHARGES, MARINE'ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
                                             360

-------
         'MILFORD HAVEN,
1316   UK,  RECLAMATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC'EFFECTS,  CONSERVATION  WASTE OIL
1335   UK,  OIL SPILLS, OIL INDUSTRY, MONITORING, LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         WAbTEWATEHS T
1316   UK,  SHIPS, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL SPILLS, LAW ENFORCEMENT, HARBORS  *MILFOPD HAVEN

1357   UK'WASTEWATERS' •MILFOR^HAv"11'3'  ^"^ °RGANISMS' ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
1358   UK,  REFINERIES! PORTS, OIL SPILLS,  MONITORING, BIOLOGICAL  EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS
         *MILFORD HAVEN, "OIL POLLUTION RESEARCH UNIT,
]3|9   UK,  SHORELINES, REFINERIES, MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS, VEGETATION,
 «}   nr*  Snf»™«£f' MARSHES' BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS,  VEGETATION  'SALTMARSH
1393   UK,  POLYCHAETES, DISPERSANTS, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, 'ARENICOLA MARINA L
         "MILFORD HAVEM,
1^02   UK,  TANKERS, PORTS, OIL SPILLS, METULA SPILL, MARSHES, MARINE ORGANISMS, BIOLOGICAL
         EFFECTS, *MILFORD HAVEN,
1430   UK,  TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, EMULSIONS, DISPERSANTS,  CRUDE OIL,
1451   UK,  SPILL CLEANUP, PORTS, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL TRANSFER, LEAKAGE,  ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS, *MILFORD HAVEN,
1054   UPTAKE, MONITORING, METABOLISM, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
1053   UPTAKE, RELEASE, MONITORING, MOLLUSKS, METABOLISM, MANUALS, HYDROCARBONS,
1063   UPTAKE, SEDIMENTS, RELEASE, MONITORING, INTERTIDAL ZONE, CRUDE OIL, ALASKA, *PORT
         VALDEZ,
1362   UPTAKE, RELEASE, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PAH, FISH, »3, 4-BENZOPYRENE,
1377   UPTAKE, RELEASE, METABOLISM, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, CRUSTACEANS, 'LABELED  N-ALKANES,
1385   UPTAKE, TOXICITY, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL, COASTS, CANADA, BACTERIA, *GLUCOSE
1396   UPTAKE, RELEASE, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, CRUSTACEANS, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALASKA,
         •EIOTSANSFOPMATION,
1404   UPTAKE, METABOLISM, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, ALGAE, 'PHOTOSYNTHESIS, 'RESPIRATION,
1416   UPTAKE, RELEASE, POLYCHAETES, FUEL OIL, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, 'NAPHTHALENE,
         'NEANTHES ARENACEODEMTATA,
1455   UPTAKE, RELEASE, HYDROCARBONS, FISH, 'BENZENE, 'NORTHERN ANCHOVY,  'STRIPED BASS,
1561   UPTAKE, METABOLISM, CRUDE OIL, 3IODEGRADATION, BEAUFORT SEA, BASELINE STUDIES,
         BACTERIA, ALASKA/GULF OF, ACUTE EFFECTS,
1453   URQUIOLA SPILL, SPILL CLEANUP, SPAIN, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,
         DISPERSANTS,
1010   US,  TANKERS, SAFETY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, 'LIBERIAN REGISTRY LAWS,
1122   US,  STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPILL CLEANUP, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, EPA, USCG,
1200   US,  TANKERS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  OIL SPILLS, LEGISLATION,
1324   US,  SURVEILLANCE, SPILL CLEANUP, OIL DISCHARGES, LEGISLATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
         CONTINGENCY PLANNING,
1521   US,  OIL SHALE, OFFSHORE PRODUCTION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, DEVELOPMENT,
1604   US,  SPILL CLEANUP, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION,
1605   US,  TANKERS, SAFETY, OIL SPILLS, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, 'CONGRESSIONAL BILLS,
1606   US,  ONSHORE IMPACTS, OIL-GAS LEASING, OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL
         PROTECTION, »CCS LANDS ACT AMENDMENTS,
1607   US,  TANKERS, SHIPS, OIL SPILLS, LEGISLATION, INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS,  'LEGAL PROBLEMS,
1608   US,  STATE GOVERNMENTS, OIL DISCHARGES, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COMPENSATION,
         'NAVIGABLE WATERS,
1609   US,  PRODUCTION, LEGISLATION, EPA, WATER CUALITY, 'UNDERGROUND INJECTION,
1610   US,  TANKERS, PORTS, OIL TRANSPORT,  LIABILITY, LEGISLATION, COST ANALYSIS,  'DEEPWATER
         PORT ACT,
1611   US,  POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL DISCHARGES, LIABILITY, LEGISLATION,  FOREIGN  GOVERNMENTS,
1027   USCG, TANKERS, LEGISLATION, FISHERIES, ARGO MERCHANT SPILL, 'NEW ENGLAND,
1122   USCG, US, STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, SPILL CLEANUP, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, EPA,
1145   USCG, SPILL CLEANUP, SAFETY, REGULATIONS, POLLUTION PREVENTION,
1205   USCG, TANKERS, SEGREGATED BALLAST,  REGULATIONS, POLLUTION  CONTROL, ENVIRONMENTAL
         PROTECTION, COST ANALYSIS,
1226   USCG, TANKERS, SAFETY, MEXICO/GULF OF, LIABILITY, CONTINGENCY PLANNING, ARGO MERCHANT
         SPILL, 'FLAGS OF CONVENIENCE,
1271   USCG, STORAGE, SPILL DISPOSAL, COST ANALYSIS, WASTE OIL DISPOSAL,
1343   USCG! SURVEILLANCE, SPILL CLEANUP,  SOURCE IDENTIFICATION,  POLLUTION PREVENTION,  LAW
         ENFORCEMENT,
1622   E/SCG, TANKERS, SAFETY, REGULATIONS, OIL TRANSPORT, LIABILITY,
1071   USGS  REMOTE SENSING, OIL SLICK'S, DETECTION, 'LANDSAT IMAGERY,
1157   us"'SPILL RECOVERY, POLLUTION PREVENTION, OIL SLICKS, 'GELATION,  'AMINE CARBAMATES,
1255   USN  RECLAMATION, DISPOSAL, WASTE OIL TREATMENT,
 026   US(!.   u?r-T4TTnM  nn SPTLts  ENVIRONMENTAL DFTERIOPATION, WASHINGTON. 'ALPINE MEADOW,
13?M   vf8i?ATioN; SK"; REFINERIES; MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, WASTEWATERS, 'SALTMARSH,
                                             361

-------
1091  WASHINGTON, SPECTROSCOPY,  SEDIMENTS,  PUGET SOUND, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS,
         CHROMATOGRAPHY, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
1202  WASHINGTON, TANKERS, PUGET SOUND, OIL TRANSPORT,  OIL SPILLS,  LEGISLATION,
1364  WASHINGTON, VEGETATION, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION,  *ALPINE MEADOW,
1006  WASTE OIL, UK, HEALTH HAZARDS, ECONOMICS,  DISPOSAL,
1049  WASTE OIL, SPECTROM.ETRY, MONITORING,  DETECTION, BILGES,  BALLAST,  ANALYTICAL
         TECHNIQUES, 'SUMMING LUMINESCENCE  SPECTFOMETRY,
1055  WASTE OIL, SAMPLING, REFINERIES,  MONITORING, WASTEWATERS,
1113  WASTE OIL, PETROCHEMICALS, INDUSTRIES,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, "X-RAY FLUORESCENCE,
1148  WASTE OIL, SPILL RECOVERY, SKIMMERS,  OIL-HATER SEPARATION, FUELS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
1182  WASTE OIL, SPILL CLEANUP,  SEAWATER, RIVERS, PATENT,  ABSORPTION,
1250  WASTE OIL, SOURCES, RECLAMATION,  ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS,  ECONOMIC  EFFECTS, DISPOSAL,
1279  WASTE OIL, USSR, RIVERS, REFINING, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PETROCHEMICALS, CONTAMINATION,
1305  WASTE OIL, SLUDGE, RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DISPOSAL,
1308  WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, INDUSTRIES, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
1313  WASTE OIL, RECLAMATION, PATENT,  LUBRICATING OIL,  FILTRATION,
1314  WASTE OIL, REUSE, RECLAMATION, FUEL OIL, WASTEWATER  TREATMENT, "MEMBRANE TECHNIQUES,
1315  WASTE OIL, RECYCLING, LUBRICATING OIL,  ENGLAND,
1316  WASTE OIL, UK, RECLAMATION, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, ECONOMIC EFFECTS, CONSERVATION,
1317  WASTE OIL, REUSE, REFINING, RECLAMATION, LUBRICATING OIL, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
1320  WASTE OIL, REFINING, RECLAMATION, PATENT,  LUBRICATING OIL,
1366  WASTE OIL, TOXICITY, MOLLUSKS, FUEL OIL, CRUDE OIL,  »CLAMS, "MERCENAPIA,
1394  WASTE OIL, SOIL, FUNGI, CRUDE OIL, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION,
1460  WASTE OIL, TANKERS, RIVERS, OIL  TRANSFER,  IRAQ, CONTAMINATION, *SHATT AL-ARAE,
1602  WASTE OIL, STATE GOVERNMENTS, RECYCLING, LEGISLATION, *LOCAL  GOVERNMENTS,
1234  WASTE OIL DISPOSAL, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FILTRATION, EMULSIONS,
1271  WASTE OIL DISPOSAL, USCG,  STORAGE, SPILL DISPOSAL, COST  ANALYSIS,
H04  WASTE OIL DISPOSAL, TANKERS, RHINE RIVER,  MONITORING, BILGES, "COMPUTER SURVEILLANCE,
12^2  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, SPILL RECOVERY,  OIL TANKS, EMULSIONS, BILGES,  *DEMULSIFYING
         AGENTS,
1244  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, RECLAMATION, PATENT,  LUBRICATING OIL,
1254  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, DISPOSAL, "WASTE MANAGEMENT,
1255  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, USN,  RECLAMATION,  DISPOSAL,
1262  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, ACTIVATED SLUDGE,
1309  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, "ENERGY SOURCES, SOLID WASTES,
1310  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, RECLAMATION, LUBRICATING OIL, "BERC/ERDA SOLVENT,
1319  WASTE OIL TREATMENT, SURFACTANTS, RECLAMATION, PRECIPITATION, PATENT, LUBRICATING OIL,
         FLOCCULATION,
1016  WASTEWATERS, SOURCES, ITALY, HYDROCARBONS, CONTAMINATION, "GULF OF TRIESTE,
1028  WASTEWATERS, SOURCES, REFINERIES, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, INDUSTRIES,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS,
         CONTAMINATION,
1039  WASTEWATERS, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS,  PATENT, MONITORING, HYDROCARBONS,  BALLAST, "SOUND
         VELOCITY CHARACTERISTICS,
1055  WASTEWATERS, WASTE OIL, SAMPLING, REFINERIES, MONITORING,
1067  WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, MONITORING,  CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  AROMATIC  HYDROCARBONS,
         "COLORIMETRY,
1078  WASTEWATERS, REMOTE SENSING, OCS, ESTUARIES, DISPERSIONS, "CURRENT CIRCULATION,
1090  WASTEWATERS, TOXICITY, REFINERIES, MONITORING, ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES,
1096  WASTEWATERS, SAMPLING, POLLUTION  CONTROL,  OIL INDUSTRY,  ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES, WATER
         QUALITY, "ON-LINE INSTRUMENTATION,
1097  WASTEWATERS, DETECTION, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, "OIL TRACES,  "ADSORPTION .POLAROGRAPHY,
1104  WASTEWATERS, HYDROCARBONS, CHROMATOGRAPHY, CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS, "GASOLINE FRACTIONS,
1114  WASTEWATERS, HYDROCARBONS, "SPECTRAL  ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTICS,  "HYDROCARBON
         CONCENTRATION,
1118  WASTEWATERS, NEW YORK, MARINE ORGANISMS, HYDROCARBONS, DETECTION, CRANKCASE OIL,
         CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
1235  WASTEWATERS, SKIMMERS, OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, INLAND, DESIGN-ENGINEERING, "AFL
         INDUSTRIES,
1288  WASTEWATERS, SOLID WASTES, OIL INDUSTRY, INDUSTRIES, DISPOSAL,
1289  WASTEWATSRS, SOURCES, REFINERIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE,  WASTEWATER TREATMENT, "OXIDATION
         LAGOONS, "ACTIVATED CARBON,
1335  WASTEWATERS, UK, OIL SPILLS, OIL  INDUSTRY, MONITORING, LEGISLATION, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS,
1357  WASTEWATERS, UK, REFINERIES, PORTS, OIL SPILLS, MARINE ORGANISMS, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS, "MILFORD HAVEN,
1358  WASTEWATERS, UK, REFINERIES, PORTS, OIL SPILLS, MONITORING, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         "MILFORD HAVEN, "OIL POLLUTION RESEARCH UNIT,
1359  WASTEWATERS, VEGETATION, UK, SHORELINES, REFINERIES, MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
1371  WASTEWATERS, VEGETATION, UK, REFINERIES, MARSHES, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS, "SALTMARSH,
1392  WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, PHYTOPLANKTON, MARINE ORGANISMS, FRANCE, ENVIRONMENTAL
         EFFECTS, BIODEGRADATION, BACTERIA,
1398  WASTEWATERS, TOXICITY, REFINERIES, FRESHWATER, FISH, ACUTE EFFECTS, "REDEAR SUNFISH,
1421  WASTEWATERS, MARINE ORGANISMS, INDUSTRIES, HYDROCARBONS, ECOSYSTEMS, COASTS,
1440  WASTEWATERS, REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, MODELS,  ECONOMIC EFFECTS, "INDUSTRY  COSTS,
1621  WASTEWATERS, REGULATIONS,  REFINERIES, POLLUTION CONTROL, MONITORING, GUIDELINES.CANADA,
                                             362

-------
1294
1571
1229
1230
1233
1236
1237
1238

1239
1241
1242
1243

1245
1247
1249
1251

1252
1258
1259
1261
1263

1264

1265
1266
1267
1263
1270
1272
1273
1277
1280
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1289

1290
1291
1293
1296
1297

1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303

1306
1307
1314
1318
1338
1341
1096

1210

1211

1212

1213

1214
WASTEWATER DISPOSAL, TAR SANDS, DEVELOPMENT,  CANADA, WATER  QUALITY
WASTEWATER DISPOSAL, SPREADING, GHOUNDWATER,  CONTAMINATION  CALIFORNIA
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS
WASTSWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  DESIGN-ENGINEERING
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SHIPS, REFINERIES,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL,  PETROCHEMICALS, OXIDATION, FLOTATION, COAGULATION
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL,  PATENT, OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, «ZN SALTS
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  POLLUTION  CONTROL, PETROCHEMICALS, OIL INDUSTRY
   MANUALS,                                                                      '
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, FILTRATION,  EMULSIONS,  ECONOMICS, *ULTRAFILTRATIOH MEMBRANE,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, DISPOSAL,  CONTAMINANTS
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, PATENT, FILTRATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
   COALESCENCE,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, INDUSTRIES,  CONTAMINANTS, ABSORPTION, »PEAT MOSS
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, FLOTATION, FLOCCULATION,
   COALESCENCE, »OZONATION,
WASTSWATER TREATMENT, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FUELS,  EMULSIONS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION, EMULSIONS,  *AERATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  OXIDATION,  *OXYGEN AERATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE, REFINERIES, DISPOSAL,  'SLUDGE DEWATERING,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT, OIL  WELLS,  FLOCCULATION, DRILLING, BIODEGRADATION,
   BACTERIA,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FILTRATION, BILGES, "TUBULAR
   ULTRAFILTRATION  SYSTEM,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS, "CELLULOSE  FIBERS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL,  PATENT, FILTRATION, EMULSIONS, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION, *POWDERED MICA,
WASTSWATER TREATMENT, USSR, SLUDGE,  REFINERIES, INCINERATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS,•'PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL METHODS,
WASTSWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  PATENT, OXIDATION, ACTIVATED SLUDGE,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SHIPS, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS, BILGES, *DEMULSIFICATION,
WASTSWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL,  PATENT, HYDROCARBONS, FUEL OIL,  FLOCCULATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  PETROCHEMICALS, 'BIOCHEMICAL PURIFICATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS, AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS, ABSORPTION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SPILL RECOVERY, PATENT, OIL SLICKS, ABSORPTION, *POLYURETHANE,
WASTEWATEP TREATMENT, PETROCHEMICALS, FILTRATION, ADSORPTION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, FILTRATION,  *POLYURETHANE FOAM,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, TOXICITY, OXIDATION, HYDROCARBONS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,  'AERATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE, PH CONTROL, FLOTATION, EMULSIONS, COAGULATION,  "AERATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTEWATERS, SOURCES,  REFINERIES, ACTIVATED SLUDGE,  'OXIDATION
   LAGOONS, 'ACTIVATED CARBON,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  DISPOSAL,  CONTAMINANTS, CHEMICAL ANALYSIS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PATENT, OXIDATION,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION, EMULSIONS,
WASTSWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  *OZONE  AERATION, 'BIOCHEMICAL PURIFICATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, ABSORPTION,  'COAL ASH,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE, REFINERIES, RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  GERMANY,
   WEST
WASTSWATER TREATMENT, SPILL CLEANUP, REFINERIES, POLLUTION  CONTROL, PATENT,  INDUSTRIES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SKIMMERS, REFINERIES,  OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  FLOTATION,  EMULSIONS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  EMULSIONS, COALESCENCE, BILGES,  'PEAT,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, SLUDGE, REFINERIES, 'ACID PRETREATMENT,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, OIL-WATER SEPARATION,  'ELECTROFLOTATION, COAGULATION,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  PATENT, OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, EMULSIONS,  'POLYVINYL
   CHLORIDE,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, PH CONTROL,  PATENT, OIL-WATER  SEPARATION, FLOTATION,  EMULSIONS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, FILTRATION,  ABSORPTION, 'POWDERED STEEL-MELTING SLAG,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, WASTE OIL, REUSE, RECLAMATION, FUEL OIL, 'MEMBRANE TECHNIQUES,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, RECYCLING, OIL-WATER SEPARATION, DESIGN-ENGINEERING,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, REFINERIES,  POLLUTION  PREVENTION, PETROCHEMICALS, FUELS,
WASTEWATER TREATMENT, POLLUTION PREVENTION,  MICHIGAN, 'FREEWAY RUNOFF,
WATER QUALITY, WASTEWATERS, SAMPLING, POLLUTION CONTROL, OIL INDUSTRY,  ANALYTICAL

WATERCQUALITY,' STORAGE! OIL TRANSPORT, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL, 'BRYAN

WATERUQUALITY,STORAGE, OIL SPILLS,  KENTUCKY, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS,  CRUDE OIL,

WATEREQUALITY?CSTORAGE, OIL SPILLS,  LOUISIANA, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS,  CRUDE OIL,
   JtpnTl? RT fiMPHP" MTNF*
WATER QUALITY, STORAGE, OIL SPILLS,  OHIO, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS, CRUDE OIL,
   'IRONTON MINE,
WATER QUALITY, TEXAS, STORAGE, OIL SPILLS, ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS, EIS,  CRUDE OIL,
                                             363

-------
         •KLEER  MINE,
1215   WATER  QUALITY,  STORAGE,  OIL  SPILLS,  LOUISIANA,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  EI3,  CRUDE OIL,
         •WEEKS  ISLAND  MINE,
1216   WATER  QUALITY,  STORAGE,  OIL  TRANSPORT,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  EIS,  CRUDE OIL,  *WEST
         HACKBERRY  SALT DOME,
1291   WATER  QUALITY,  WASTEWATER  DISPOSAL,  TAR  SANDS,  DEVELOPMENT, CANADA,
1339   WATER  QUALITY,  TANKERS,  POLLUTION  CONTROL,  NETHERLANDS,  LEGISLATION,  LAW ENFORCEMENT,
         HARBORS,
114U6   WATER  QUALITY,  OFFSHORE  EXPLORATION,  OCEANS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  CONTAMINATION,
1466   WATER  QUALITY,  FLORIDA COAST,  CONTAMINATION,  *HUMAN IMPACT, *BISCAYNE  BAY,
1516   WATER  QUALITY,  PRODUCTION, MODELS, GROUNDHATER,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  "TERTIARY OIL
         RECOVERY METHODS,
15^2   WATER  QUALITY,  OIL SPILLS, FUELS,  ENVIRONMENTAL  EFFECTS,  FOSSIL
1609   WATER  QUALITY,  US,  PRODUCTION,  LEGISLATION,  EPA,  'UNDERGROUND  INJECTION,
1103   WEATHERING, CRUDE OIL, CHROMATOGRAPHY,.CHEMICAL  ANALYSIS,
1129   WEATHERING, SOURCE IDENTIFICATION, CRUDE OIL, MEDITERRANEAN SEA,  ISRAEL, SAMPLING,
         CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, CHROMATOGRAPHY,  *TAR  BALLS,
1382   WEATHERING, TOXICITY, METABOLISM,  MARINE ORGANISMS, CRUDE OIL, BACTERIA, *REFINED OIL,
1562   WEATHERING, OIL SPILLS,  FATE,  EMULSIFICATION, DISPERSIONS,  BIODEGRADATION,  BACTERIA,
1570   WEATHERING, SPREADING, PHYSICAL  EFFECTS,  OIL  SLICKS,  DRIFT,
159«   WEATHERING, SPREADING, SPILL  CLEANUP,  MOVEMENT,  MONITORING, ICE,  CRUDE  OIL,  ARCTIC,
1384   WILDLIFE,  CRUDE OIL,  CONTAMINATION,  CHRONIC  EFFECTS,  BIRDS, ACUTE EFFECTS,
1623   WILDLIFE,  MARINE  ORGANISMS,  CONTAMINATION,  BIRDS,  BIBLIOGRAPHIES, *ENDANGERED  SPECIES,
         *WATER  POLLUTION,
1354   YEASTS,  TOXICITY,  OIL SPILLS,  MICROORGANISMS, FUEL OIL,  *ULTRAVIOLET  LIGHT  EXPOSURE,
1390   ZOOPLANKTON,  TOXICITY, FUEL  OIL, BEHAVIOR,  ACUTE  EFFECTS, »WATER  SOLUBLE FRACTIONS,
1479   ZOOPLANKTON,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, DISTRIBUTION,  BERING  SEA, BEAUFORT  SEA,  BASELINE
         STUDIES, *MICRONEKTON,
1480   ZOOPLANKTON,  OFFSHORE DEVELOPMENT, MONITORING, DISTRIBUTION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS,
         BASELINE STUDIES,  ALASKA/GULF OF,
                                           364

-------
                        AUTHOR INDEX
AAGAARD, K.
ABRAHAM, K.F.
ADAMS, W.A.
ADDY, J.M.
ADLARD, E.R.
AFL INDUSTRIES
               1031
               T470
               1348
               1032
               1123
               1235
^lllfejfkllll |  AS • V 4
AHEARN,  D.G.
AHERN, T.P.
AHLERT,  R.C.
ALBERTS, D.A., SR.
ALEXANDER, V.
ALKKAZOV, T.G.
ALOISI,  J.C.
AMCHEM PRODUCTS, INC.
AMOSOV,  V.A.
ANAN'EV, N.I.
ANDERSON, E.G.
ANDERSON, G.C.
ANDERSON, J.W.
ANDERSON, J.W.
ANDERSON, R.D.
ANDREN,  L.S.
ANUFRIEVA, N.M.
ARAI, N.
ARASAKI, S.
ARCTEC,  INC
ARTHUR,  J.W.
A3KIENAZY, A.
ATKINS,  P.P., JR.
ATLAS, R.M.
ATLAS, R.M.
ATLAS, R.M.
ATLAS, R.M.
AVERILL, G.
AYERS, R.R.
AZAD, H.S.
AZAH, F.
AZOULAY, E.
AZOULAY, E.
AZOULAY, E.
BABI;.', F.
BAIER, R.E.
BAKES, J.M.
BAKER, J.M.
BAKER, J.M.
SAKER, J.M.
BAKER, J.M.
BAKER, J.M., ET AL.
BAKKALA, P.O.
BALASV,  L.A.
BALL, A.A.
BALL, J.S.
BAMKLAND, C.
BANNISTER, W.W.
EANSAL,  I.K.
EARANOVA, L.M.
BARONESS WHITE
BARSDATE, R.
BARUAH,  J.H.
BATTERTON, J.C.
BAZHASHVILI, :
BAZIN, H.
BAZIN, H.
BAZIN, H.
BEALL, J.
BEAN, R.M.
BECKER,  K.P.
BELL, 5.0.
BELON, A.E.
BENDOCK, T.N.
BENNETT, V.R.
               1552
               1129
               1349
               1322
               1467
               1509
               1578
               1228
               1236
               1441
               1538
               nso
               1351
               11416
               1351
               1442
.R.
                              1*137
                              11427
                              1624
                              1399
                              1237
                              1418
                              1356
                              1545
                              1546
                              1547
                              1439
                              1156
                              1238
                              1385
                              1548
                              1549
                              1550
                              1373
                              1081
                              1037
                              1090
                              1357
                              1358
                              1359
                              1360
                              1498
                              1361
                              1168
                              1119
                              1514
                              1157
                              1239
                              1362
                              1619
                              1448
                              1558
                              1434
                              1361
                              1548
                              15"9
                              1550
                              1328
                              1091
                              1240
                              1515
                              1072
                              1469
                              1522
BERGMAN, R.D.
BERNARD. B.B.
BERNER, N.H.
BERTRAND, J.C.
SERTRAND, J.C.
BERTRAND, J.C.
BESEDIN, A.A.
BEURIER, J.-P.
BEUTLER, B.
BIECHLER, F.J.
BIRKELAND, C.
BISA, K.
EISA, T.
BISHOP, J.M.
BITTON, G.
B.J. CONSULTANT SARL
BLAGODARNAYA, L.F.
BLAIKLEY, D.R.
BLANCHARD, P.M.
BLAYLOCK, J.W.
BLESKY, J.
BLM-MARINE MINERALS DIV.
BLOMOUIST, G.J.
BLUMER, M.
30ELSING, F.
BOGORODSKIY, V.-V.
BOLOTINA, O.T.
SOOTH, B.
BORNEFF, J.
BOURNE, W.R.P.
BOURNE, W.R.P.
30UROUIN, A.M.
BRAHAM, H.W.
BRAHAM, H.K.
BRAHAM, H.W.
BRAHAM, H.H.
BRAXTON, C.
BREZONIK, P.L.
BROAD, A.C.
BROOKS, J.M.
BROWER, W.A., JR.
BROWN, C.W.
BROWN, L.P.
BROWNING, R.J.
BRUADRIBB, M.P-
BUNCH, J.N.
BURK, C.J.
BURKE, W., Ill
BURNS, J.J.
BURNS, J.J.
BURNS, J.J.
BURNS, J.J.
BURNS, K.A.
BURNS, W.
BURRELL, G.R.
BURTON, J.D.
BUSCH, F.
BUSHA, T.
BUTLER, J.N.
BYRNE, C.J.
CALABPESE, A.
CALDER, J.A.
CALDER, J.A.
CALDER, J.A.
CALDWELL, R.S.
CALKINS, D.
CALKINS, D.
CALLAWAY, R.J.
CALLOWAY, J.A.
CAMERON, J.A.
CAMPBELL, 5.5.
CANADA DEPT. OF  ENVIRONMENT
1470
1092
1544
1548
1549
1550
1079
1613
1290
1177
1363
1551
1551
1583
1102
1158
1241
1329
1159
1091
1^64
1518
1377
1131
1 160
1073
1242
1350
1 109
1015
1201
1552
1487
1488
1489
1490
1516
1102
1471
1092
1061
1124
1568
1202
1243
1553
1365
1522
1472
1473
1474
1495
1584
1074
1334
1161
1244
1615
1087
1366
1432
1366
1367
1382
1368
1475
1500
1585
1440
1419
1538
1621
                        365

-------
CANEVET, G.
CAREY, A.G., JR.
CAREY, A.G., JR.
CARLBERG, S.R.
CARLBERG, S.R.
CARLSON, P.F.
CARPENTER, R.
CASEY, G.J.
CATALFAMO, E.
CAUSSE, C.
CENTRAL UNIT-ENVIRON. POLL.
CHAIGNEAU, M.
CHAN, H.S.
CHARLES, M.E.
CHASTAGNIER, M.
CHEEK, L.M.
CHEN, E.G., ET AL .
CHEREMISINOFF, P.M.
CHESLER, S.N.
CHIEU, J.-N.
CHISU, J.-N.
CHIKUNOVA, L.
CHIN, P.
CHIN, P.
CHISHOLM, E.R.
CHISHOLM, B.R.
CHRISTENSEN, D.R.
CHRISTSNSEN, P.
CIRULIS, U.
CLARK, R.C., JR.
CLARKE, M.L.
CLEMENT, W.
CLINE, J.
COACHMAN, L.K.
COASTAL SOCIETY
COHEN, Y.
COLEKAN, H.J.
COLLIER, T.K.
COLWELL, R.R.
COLWELL, R.R.
COLWELL, R.R.
COLWELL, R.R.
CONDRON, J.A.
CONN, B.R.
CONNER, W.H.
CONNOR, M.S.
CONRAD, B.F.
CONRAD, B.F.
COOK, D.G.
COOK, P.P.
COONEY, R.T.
CORLEW, J.S.
CORMACK, D.
COUPAL, B.
CRAIG, N.J.
CRETNEY, W.J.
CRETNEY, W.J.
CROW, S.A.
CRUSE, H.
CONDELL, A.M.
CYWIN, A.
DAIMON, N.
DAMKAER, D.M.
DANENBERGER, E.P.
DANIELS, P.
DAVIDSON, F.M.
DAVIS, G.R.
DAVIS, G.R.
DAVIS, S.J.
DAVLETOV, A.D.
DAYTON, R.
DEGEN, L.
DEPT-ENVIRON POLLUTION, UK
DEFT OF ENVIRONMENT, UK
DEPT OF TRADE, UK
1578
1476
1477
1093
144Q
1033
1094
1132
1016
1578
1162
1095
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1270
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1017
1205
1091
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1556
1268
1205
1175
1164
1250
1450
        DER, J.J.
        DE VIAL, P.M.
        DE VIAL, R.M.
        DE VRISS, A.L.
        DIALS, G.E.
        DICKS, B.
        DICKS, B.
        DICKS, B.
        DICKS, 3.
        DIDOU, H.
        DIETRICH, K.R.
        DIKUN, P.P.
        DIXON, P.S.
        DIXON, T.R.
        DOBBS, J.
        DONAHUE, W.H.
        DONOVAN, L.J.
        DOYLE, W.T.
        DUDLEY, G.
        DUERDEN, F.C.
        DUGUY, R.
        DUPRE, W.R.
        DURFEE, D.W.
        DVORAK, J.
        DYUZHAKIN, M.G.
        EATON, D.
        EISLER, R.
        ELDERING, H.G.
        ELEY, T.J., JR.
        ELLS, J.W.
        ENGLISH, T.S.
        ENGLISH, T.S.
        ENVIRONMENT CANADA
        ENVIROTECH/WEMCO
        EP'A
        EPA
        EPA
        EPA
        EPIMAKHOV, V.N.
        ERIKSSON, S.E.
        EVANS, D.
        FAIRHILL, A.W.
        FALLAH, M.H.
        FAVORITE, F.
        FAY,  F.H.
        FAY,  F.H.
        FEA
        FEA
        FEA
        FEA
        FEA
        FEA
        FEA
        FEA
        FEA
        FEA
        FEDER,  H.M.
        FEDER,  H.M.
        FEDER,  H.M.
        FEDER,  H.M.
        FEDER,  H.M.
        FEELY,  R.
        FERRARO,  J.M.
        FERRERO,  E.P.
        FIMGAS,  M.
        FINGAS,  M.F.
        FINNIGAN,  R.E.
        FISCHER,  I.A.
        FISCUS,  C.H.
        FISCUS,  C.H.
        FISCUS,  C.H.
        FISCUS,  C.H.
        FLEISCHER,  C.A.
        FORSSBERG,  K.S.E.
        FOSS,  W.O.
1165
1042
1330
1370
1538
1043
1206
1371
1372
1508
1251
1362
1404
1018
1381
1403
1207
1519
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1019
1373
1520
1204
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1369
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1482
1586
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1097
1254
1122
1094
1587
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1474
1483
1208
1209
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1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1376
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1485
1486
1040
1255
1130
1045
1185
1098
1453
1487
1488
1489
1490
1612
1256
1622
366

-------
FOWLER, L.L.
FOX, J.I.
FRADKIN, P.L.
FRA3ER, D.E.
FRASER, J.M.
FRIEL, J.P.
FRUH, S.M.
FRYE, J.
FUNKE, M.F.
FURZER, I. A.
GADEL, F.
G'AGE, S.J.
GALT, J.A.
GARABRANT, A.R.
GARRETT, W.D.
GEISZLER, P.C.
GENTRY, R.
GEORGE, A.L.
GERACI, J.R.
GERBER, V.YA.
GHISALBERTI, F.
GIAM, C.3.
GIBBS, C.F.
GIBSON, C.I.
GIERING, L.P-
GILBERT, R.J.
GINSBERG, P.
GLOYNA, E.F.
GLOYNA, E.F.
GODSHALL, F.A.
GOLDBERG, E.D.
GOOSSENS, A.G.
GORDON, D.C., JR.
GORE, D.J.
GORSKI, W.
GORYACHEV, N.S.
GOT, H.
GOTO, M.
GRAHAM, J.W.
GRANGES ESSEM PLAST A/S
GRANT, D.
GRANT, E.M.
GRANTHAM, B.J.
GRASSHOFF, K.
GRATACOS, J.
GRAU, C.R.
GRIFFIN, L.F.
GRIFFITHS, R.P.
GRIMES, C.B.
GRIMES, E.L.
GPITZ, R.L.
GRUNWALD, A.
GUEANOVA, G.D.
GUILLERME, M.
GUMP, B.H.
GUNDLACH, E.R.
GUNNERSON, C.G.
GUNNERSON, C.G.
GUREVICH, I.IA.
GWYNNE, P.
HAAVIE, T.
HABERCOM, G.E.
HADLEY, D.
HAFLINER, K.
HAGIHARA, K.
HALLIGAN, J.E.
HAMBRO, C.
HAMILTON, C.E.
HAMMOND, P.L.
HANSEN, D.V.
HANSEN, H.P.
HANSEN, W.G.
HAPP, G.
HARA, K.
HARBO, S.J., JR.
1257
1102
1218
1075
1625
mi
1255
1219
1332
1589
1578
1521
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HARLAND, R.C.
HARRIS, L.P.
HARRISON, E.A.
HARRISON, E.A.
HARRISON, W.
HARTUNG, R.
HASE, A.
HASKIN, H.H.
HASSLES, J.
HAUGEN, D.
HAYASHI, Y.
HAYES, S.P.
HEATH, J.E.
KENKEL, H.G.
HENRY, R.D.
HERCE, J.A.
HERTZ, H.S.
HERZ, H.J.
HEZINA, J.
HIGASHI, K.
HIGGINS, I.J.
HITES, R.A.
FNATIUK, J.
HCBERG, M.
HOCKENBERRY, H.R.
HODGINS, H.O.
HODGSON, G.H.
HODSON, R.E.
HOFMANOVA, H.
HOLDGATE, M.W.
HOLLAND, W.E.
HOOGOVENS IJMUIDEN B.V.
HOPKINS, D.M.
HORNER, R.A.
HORNIG, A.W.
HORNIG, A.W.
HORROCKS, J.C.S.
HOSKIN, C.M.
HOULT, D.P.
HOWARD", D.V.
HOWARD, H.L.
HOWARTH, R.W.
HRIVNAK, J.
HUBBY, L.M.
HUEHNERFUSS,
HUFFORD, G.L.
HUGHES, J.L.
HUGHES, S.
HUNTER, J.V.
HURD, S.B.
ICHINOSE, S.
IDONIBOYE-OBU, B.
IIZUKA, K.
IMANAKA, M.
IMCO
IMOTO, T.
INDUSTRIAL/MUNICIPAL
IOAKIMIS, E.G.
IOAKIMIS, E.G.
IPATOV, P.P.
IRWIN, W.A.
IVANOVICI, A.
IWAMOTO, H.
JACKSON, P.B.
JAGGER, H.
JAKUCZUN, B.
JEFFRIES, H.P.
JETTMAR, R.U.
JEWETT, S.C.
JSWETT, S.C.
JOHN, P.
JOHNSON, J.H.
JOHNSON, W.C.,
KAISER, R.J.
KALMUTCHI, G.
                                     1553
                                     1264
                                     1627
                                     1628
                                     1055
                                     1334
                                     1126
                                     1349
                                     1 104
                                     1031
                     H.
                                     1047
                                     1265
                                     1550
                                     1077
                                     1265
                                     1084
                                     1074
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                                     1565
                                     1126
                                     1523
                                     1486
                                     1314
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                                     1252
                                     1048
                                     1334
                                     1266
                                     1520
                                     1482
                                     1049
                                     1125
                                     1617
                                     1491
                                     1570
                                     1524
                                     1470
                                     1478
                                     1104
                                     1050
                             ENG CO
                       II
1592
1571
1499
1349
1386
1267
1051
1267
1056
1221
1182
1 169
1259
1268
1105
1603
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1335
1379
1493
1122
1485
1486
1127
1588
                                     1387
                                     11 14
367

-------
KANEKO, S.                   1191
KARINEN, J.F.
KARINEN, J.F.
KASPAR, H.
KATOH, T.
KEITH, L.H.
KEN, V.
KENDRICK, P.J.
KETCHUM, B.H.
KIFA, S.
KIFIBAYASHI, T.
KIPK, W.P.
KIRKLAND, J.
KIRYUKHINA, L.N.
KIRYUKHINA, L.N.
KJOLLER, A.
KLEMAS, V.
KLEMAS, V.
KNIGHT, J.B.
KOBAYASHI, M,
KOBLINSKY, C.
KOBUS, H.E.
KOENIG, P.
KOLENKO, E.A.
KONIGSBERG, D.
KOONS, C.B.
KOPEIN, V.A.
KOPP, K.D.
KORN, S. , ST AL.
KOVALEVA, G.I.
KOVALEVA, G.I.
KRASNOPEVTSEVA, Z.I.
KRAVTSOV, G.L.
KROPOTKIN, M.A.
KUCHERENKO, M.I.
KUCHERENKO, M.I.
KUCHERYAVYKH,  E.I.
KUENZLE, B.
KUFFLER, A.J.
KUNTE, H.
KURPYAKOVA, Z.N.
KURYSHEVA, L.I.
KYUFEGYAN, A.A.
LACAZE, J.C.
LACY, W.J.
LADER, J.H.
LALANCETTE, J.M.
LAM, R.K.
LAMBRICH, K.H.
LANGAVANT, E.
LANGDON, W.
LANGLOIS, R.E.
LAPKIN, A.N.
LAFKINA, YU.V.
LARAMIE ENERGY RESEARCH CEN
LARRANCE, J.D.
LEARY, J.F.
LE ELANC, L.
LEDBETTER, B.C.
LEE, B.C.
      .J.
      .F.
J.
R.
R.F.
T.Y.
W.Y.
W.Y.
LEE,
LEE,
LEE,
LEE,
LEE,
LEE,
LEIBOVICH, S.
LEIDNER, H.
LEINONEN, P.J.
LEMAROUAND,
LE PETIT, J.
LERCH, D.W.
LEVELL, D.
LIESSR, J.E.
LILES, A.W.
       J.
 1U26
 1106
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 1167
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LIPELES, M.
LISSAUER, I.M.
LITTLE, R.C.
LLANOS, C.
LOCK, J.E.
LOFY, R.J.
LOGIN, W.J.
LOGAN, W.J.
IlOGAN, W.J.
LONSANE, B.K.
LOVELOCK, D.W.
LOWRY, L.F.
LUCANDER, N.
LUR'E, YU.YU.
LYTLE, J.S.
LYTLE, T.F.
MAC DONALD, D.
MAC DONALD. R.W.
MACKAY, D.
MACKAY, D.
MACKAY, D.
MACKEWN, J.
MACKIE, P.R.
MAIL, I.
MAJER, D.J.
MAKAYA, S.
MALINS, D.C.
MALINS, D.C.
MALINS, D.C.
MAMONTOVA, O.V.
MANNING, J.C.
MARBACH, A.
MARCONI, W.
MARDIROSSIAN, J.
MARK, H.B., JR.
MARQUETTE, W.M.
MARSH, H.E., JR.
MARTIN, S.
MARTINEAU, J.
MASMANIDI, N.D.
MASSON, J.C.
MATSUNAGA, K.
MATTHEWS, J.E.
MATTSON, C.S.
MATTSON, C.S.
MATTSON, J.S.
MATTSON, J.S.
MATTSON, V.R.
MAY, W.E.
MAYROSE, D.T.
MAZMANIDI, N.D.
MAZMANIDI, N.D.
MC ALISTER, W.B.
MC AULIFFE, C.D.
MC AULIFFE, C.D.
MC CAIN, B.B.
MC COWN, D.L.
MC DERMOTT, P.
MC EWEN, L.B., JR.
MC LEAN, A.Y.
MC LELLAN, C.
MEEKS, D.G.
MEENAGHAN, G.F.
MEIER, H.
MENARD, W., ET AL.
MERRELL, T.R., JR.
MERTENS, E.W.
MEYER, H.W.
MEYERS, S.P,
MIDDELBEEK, C.G.
MILLSTONE, M.L.
MILNE, A.F.
MINGAZETDINOV, A.A.
MIRONOV, O.G.
MIPONOV, O.G.
                                                                      1529
                                                                      1592
                                                                      1273
                                                                      1394
                                                                      1274
                                                                      1290
                                                                      1 173
                                                                      1336
1558
1557
1495
1135
1286
1085
1085
1070
1088
1110
1572
1573
1315
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1275
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1177
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1237
1056
1398
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1128
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1128
1399
1084
1276
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1361
1378
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1526
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1055
1 178
1311
1220
1179
1159
1168
1113
1530
1505
1400
1053
1552
1180
1226
1531
1279
1401
1560
                                 368

-------
MISHENOV, YU.M.              1097
MITCHELL, J.K.               1507
MITSUI TOATSU CHEMICALS      1277
MIYAKE, Y.                   1056
HOLCHANOV, G.                1301
MONACO, A.                   1578
MOORE, B.                    1504
MOORE, L.J.                  1120
MORITA, R.Y.                 1561
MORRESI, A.C.                nog
MORRIS, B.F.                 1087
MORRIS, G.V.                 1075
MORRIS, S.C.                 1532
MORRISON, C.R.               1171
MORROW, J.E.                 1630
MOSESCU, N.                  1114
MOSKVITINA, E.D.             1105
MUELLER, G.                  1485
MUELLER, G.                  1486
MUENCH, P.O.                 1593
XUENNICH-BEBUS, H.           1278
MULLER, C.                   1516
MULLIN, T.C.                 1410
MULLIN, T.C.                 1411
HUNDHEIM, 0.                 1223
MUNRO, M.                    1224
MURATA, M.                   1267
MURZAKAEV, F.G.              1279
MUSAEV, D.D.                 1280
MUTAFTSCHIEV, S.             1549
MUTAFTSCHIEV, S.             1550
MYERS, E.P.                  1458
MYERS, L.H.                  1398
HA0EAU, P.M.                 1255
HAGATA, E.                   1281
NAIDU, A.S.                  1376
NEFF, G.S.                   1099
NELSON, M.O.                 1632
NELSON-SMITH, A.             1402
NEMCHENKO, A.G.              1282
NESTEROVA, M.P.              1283
N'GUYSN, M.-H.               1392
NICOL, C.W.                  1023
NICOL, J.A.C.                1390
MICOL, J.A.C.                1391
NICOL, J.A.C.                1U03
NIELSEN, E.G.                1136
NIOSH                        1623
NISSENBAUM, A.               13&9
NITECKI, C.                  1379
NCAA                         1533
NOAA                         1531
NORCOR ENGINEERING-RESEARCH  1591
NORWOOD, M.E.                1220
NOVAK, J.                    1284
OBOZNYI, V.F-                1285
O'BRIEN, P.Y.                H04
ODDO, N.                     1175
OFF. TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT   1535
OFF. WATER RESEARCH/TECH.    1631
OGATA, M.                    1056
OGINO, K.                    1181
O'H EOCHA, C.                1105
OKAMURA, I.                  1182
OKOCHI, Y.                   1192
OLSON, C.G.,  ET AL.          1080
OMORI, A.                    H82
ORGILL, M.M.                 1225
ORLOW, D.I.                  1338
ORVOSH, W.                   1055
OSANAI, T.                   1295
OSTROUMOVA, I.N.             1362
OVERFIELD. J.L.              1318
OWEN, J.J., III              1207
PAGNON, M.                   1578
            CO
.R.
.R.
 I.D.
PALMER,  H.V.R.,  JR.
PALMER,  L.L.
PANOVA,  V.A.
PATIN,  S.A.
PATTERSON,  R.L.
PAUL, A.J.
PAULSON, A.C.
PAVLENKO, L.F.
PAYNE,  J.F.
PEARSON, J.D.
PEARSON, J.G.
PENCO DIV.  HUDSON ENG.
PEPPER,  J.E.
PERCY,  J.A.
PERCY,  J.A.
PERCY,  J.A.
PEREYRA, W.T.
PEREYRA, W.T.
PEREYRA, W.T.
PETERS,  H.T.J.
PETER,  G.
PETERSON, B.C.
PETERSON, P.L.
PETPOV,  YU.M
PETRYNA, A.
PHILLIPS, C.
PHILLIPS, C.
PICHAKHCHI,
PITCHER, K.
PITCHER, K.
PITKETHLY,  R.C.
PONOMAREV,  V.G.
PORTMANN, J.E.
POSNER,  J.C.
POSPELOVA,  R.V.
POST, J.
POWERS,  P.W.
PRESTON, A.
PREUS,  P.
PRITCHARD,  P.H.
PROUSE,  N.J.
PUZNIAK, T.J.
RADAIKINA,  L.N.
RAFAEL,  J.
RATTIEN, S.
RAVID,  H.
REEVES,  J.E.
REICHENBACH-KLINKE,  H.H.
REICHERT, W.L.
PEIGER,  G.
REIMER,  A.A.
REYNOLDS, D.W.
REYNOLDS, R.M.
RHINE & RHONE SA
RICE, S.D.
RICE, S.D.
RICH, V.
RICHARD, J.W.
ROBE, K.
ROBERTS, A.
ROBERTS, W.G.
ROBERTSON,  L.A.
RDGOZHKIN,  G.I.
RONHOLT, L.
ROSE, J.R.
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ROSENEGGER
ROSS, S.L.
ROSS, S.L.
ROSS, S.L.
ROSSI,  S.S.
ROTHSTEIN, M.
ROUBAL, W.T.
ROUBAL, W.T.
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1498
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1243
1287
1058
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1105
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1288
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1138
1562
1412
1096
1079
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1537
1129
1498
1413
1396
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1170
1059
1139
1414
1415
1026
1318
1299
1044
1289
1185
1105
1499
1503
1290
1575
1336
1337
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                  1417
                  1381
                                       369

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 ROVEL, J.M.
 ROWLAND, W.G., JR.
 ROYER, T.C.
 RUESTER, B.
 RYBINA, L.A.
 RYDSTROM, J.F.
 SAAD, M.A.H.
 SACKETT, W.M.
 SAILA, S.B.
 SAMOILOVA, L.M.
 SANDBROOK, R.
 SANTT, R.
 SASIN, R.K.
 SCHECHTER, R.S.
 SCHENK, J.E.
 SCHLUNGBAUM
 SCHNEIDER, K.B.
 SCHNEIDER, K.B.
 SCHOFIELD, E.
 SCHUBEL, J.R.
 SCHULTE, H.F.
 SCHULTZ, L.A.
 r* f^rj FT i ir^
 iOHULii,  L.f
 SCHULZE,  G.
 SCHUMACHER,  J.D.
 SCHUMACHER,  J.D.
 SCHWARTZ,  R.D.
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SEAGER, S.I.
SEARBY, H.W.
SEAWARD INTERNATIONAL INC
SEDIVY, J.
 SEAWARD
 SEDIVY,  J
 SEESMAN,   .  .
 SEESMAN, P.A.
SEESMAN, P.A.
SEESMAN, P.A.
SEMENOV, A.D.
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 SHAH,  B.
 SHAKELY,  S.F.
 SHAPIRO,  L.H.
 SHARIFOV,  R.R
 SHARMA,  P.C.
 SHAW,  D.G.
 SHAW,  D.G.
 SHAW,  D.G.
 SHAW,  D.G.
 SHAW,  S.H.
 SHEIER,  A.
 SHEKEL,  Y.
 SHEVELEVA,
 SHEWCHUCK
 SHIBUSAWA
HMiBUSAWA, I.
SHIFRIN, K.S.
SHIGEMORA, K.
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           T.YU.
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           V.P.
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 SHIMKOVICH
 SHIODA, H.
 SHIU, W.Y.
 SHORT, J.W
 SHVETSOVA,
 SIEBERT, M
 SIEMENS, A.H.
 SIEWNIAK, M.
 SIMON, P.B.
 SINGH, H.D.
 SIRVINS, A.
 SITTIG, M.
 SIU, S.K.
 SLEETER, T.D.
 SLICKBAR, INC.
 SLUSKI, R.J.
 SLYADNEV, E.F.
 SMAGIN, V.M.
 SMILEY, B.D.
 SMITH, A.W.
 SMITH, E.F.
SMITH, R.A.
SMITH, R.L.
SMITH, R.L.
SMITH, T.G.
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                                               SOKOLOV,  V.
                                               SOLSBERG,  L.
                                               SOLSBERG,  L.B.
                                               SOUDAN,  M.
                                               SOUTAR,  I.
                                               SPENCER,  F.W.
SPENCER, M.J.
SPENCER, M.J.
SPOONER, M.F.
STAINKEN, D.M.
STAINKEN, D.M.
STANSBY, M.E.
STARINKOVA, O.B.
STARK, R.M.
STARKS, S.A.
STARR, T.J.
STEIN, C.
STEIN, R.J.
STELMACH, K.
STEPHENS, R.
STEPHENSON, A.W,
STEWART, R.J.
STIRLING, H.P.
STIRLING, L.A.
STOEHR, L.
STOKER, A.K.
STOKER, H.S.
STONE, A.G.
STRADOMSKAYA, A.G.
STRAUGHAN, D.
STROSHER, M.T.
SUCHANEK, A.J.
SUGIYAMA, S.
SULLIVAN, J.A.
SUMIKURA, T.
SUPERSON, A.
SUTTON, E.A.
SWISS, M.
SZCZEPSKI, J.B.
TAGGER, S.
TAKAHASHI, K.
TANACBEDI, J.T.
TARKHOVA, E.P.
TAYLOR, T.L.
TERADA, H.
THOMAS, R.E.
THOMAS, R.V.
THOMPSON, C.J.
THOMPSON, R.G.
THORNTON, D.E.
THORNTON, D.E.
THURBERG, F.T.
THYRUM, P.T.
TIDESWELL, M.W.
TIEMANN,  G.
TIMOSHINA, L.A.
TOKUDA, H.
TOKUDA, H.
TOKYO  UNIVERSITY-FISHERIES
TOMCZAK,  0.
TOPHAM, D.R.
TORNATORE, G.
TOWNES,  B.
TRAMIER,  B.
TRAXLER,  R.W.
TRILLO,  R.L.
TSANG,  G.
TSIEAN,  A.V.
TUFFET,  T.J.
UEDA,  S.
UNGER,  E.
UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA
URBANSKI,  J.
VADALKAR,  K.
VADEKAR,  M.
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                                      370

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VAN BAALEN, C.
VANDERHORST, J.R.
VANDERMEULEN, J.H.
VAN GELDER-OTTWAY, S.
VAN GELDER-OTTWAY, S.
VAN GELDER-OTTWAY, S.
VELD, C.
VELIKHANOV, EK.E.
VERNBERG, F.J.
VERNBERG, W.B.
VIDEN, I.
VIDILLES, J.
VILE, F.
VOBACH, G.V.
WAITE, T.D.
WAKEHAM, S.G.
WALBRIDGE, C.T.
WALKER, J.D.
WALKER, J.D.
WALKER, J.D.
WALKER, J.D.
WALL, C.J.
WALTER, B.
WANG, H.
WANG, R.T.
WARD, C.C.
WARDLEY-SMITH, J.
WARNER, I.M.
WASEN, D.
WATKEN, J.
WATKINSON, R.J.
WEBB, M.
WEBB, M.G.
WEBER, B.A.
WEBER, D.D.
WEBER, H.
HEEER, W.J., JR.
WEINSTEIN, N.J.
WEIR, R.H.
WEISBERG,, E.
WEISS, F.T.
WEITZEL, R.L.
WELCH, M.F.
WELLER, G.
WELLES, M.W.
WELLINGS, S.R.
WELLMAN, P.
WELSH, J.P-
WESTERDUIN, R.F.
WHELAN, W.
WHITE, J.
WILDUNG, R.
WILKINSON,
HILMS, H.
WILSON, C.A.
WILSON, D.E.
WILSON, H.S.
WILSON, K.W.
WINTERS, K.
WINTERS, K.
WISNIEWSKI, K.
WOLFERTZ, R.M.
WOLK, R.H.
WOLKOFF, A.W.
WONG, C.S.
WONG, C.S.
WRIGHT, A.
WUHRMANN, K.
WYMAN, J.F.
YANO, R.A.
YATES, R.V.
YEUNG, R.W.
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.E.
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                                    YOUNG,  G.K.
                                    YOUNG,  J.
                                    YOUNG,  J.R.
                                    YOUNG,  R.W.
                                    YOUNGBLOOD,  W.W.
                                    YUZHANINOV,  A.G.
                                    ZACHARIAS, E.M-, JR.
                                    ZAKHARINA, S.B.
                                    ZHMIN'KO, E.N.
                                    ZIL'BERMAN,  A.G.
                                    ZIMMERMAN, S.T.
                                    ZITKO,  V.
                                    ZOBOVA,  N.A.
1122
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                                      371

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                            APPENDIX

                      Periodicals  Reviewed

 Alternatives:   Perspectives on  Society and  Environment
 Ambio
 American Fisheries  Society Transactions
 Applied Ecology Abstracts
 Applied Energy
 Applied Microbiology
 Applied Science & Technology Index
 Aquatic Sciences &  Fisheries Abstracts
 Audubon
 Australian Science  Index
 Berichte der Deutschen Wissenschaftlichen Komission  fuer
     Meeresforschung
 Biological Abstracts
 Bioscience
 British Birds
 Bulletin of Environmental  Contamination and  Toxicology
 Chemical  Abstracts
 Chemical  and Engineering News
 Chemical  Engineering
 Chemical  Engineering Progress
 Chemical  Week
 Chemistry in Canada
 Chemosphere
 Current Contents:   Life Sciences
 Current Contents:   Physical  and Chemical Sciences
 Deep-Sea  Research
 Ecolibrium
 Ecological  Abstracts
 Ecological  Modelling
 Ecology Law Quarterly
 Energy  Information  Abstracts
 Energy  Review
 Environment
 Environment Abstracts
 Environmental  Action
 Environmental  Conservation
 Environmental  Geology
 Environmental  Health and Pollution  Control
 Environmental  Periodicals  Bibliography
 Environmental  Pollution
 Environmental  Science &  Technology
 Environmetal Technology  and  Economics
 EPA Reports  Bibliography Quarterly
 ERDA Energy  Research Abstracts
 Erdoel  und  Kohle Erdgas  Petrochemie vereinigt mit  Brennstoffchemie
 Estuarine  and  Coastal  Marine  Science
 Fuel Abstracts and  Current Titles
Government  Reports  Announcements

                                372

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Hydrocarbon Processing
IMS Newsletter
India Journal of Environmental Health
Industrial Wastes Information Bulletin
International Aerospace Abstracts
International Journal of Ecology and Environmental  Science
International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry
International Petroleum Abstracts
Iranian Journal of Science and Technology
Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology
Journal of Chromatography
Journal of Environmental Science and Health
Journal of Environmental Sciences
Journal of Petroleum Technology
Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health
Limnology and Oceanography
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Journal
Marine Biology
Marine Chemistry
Marine Fisheries Review
Marine Geology
Marine Geotechnology
Marine Policy
Marine Pollution Bulletin
Marine Science Contents Tables
Marine Technology Society, Journal
Maritime  Research Information Service Abstracts
Massachusetts Audubon
Microbial Ecology
National  Fisherman
National  Research Council, News Report
National  Wildlife
Nature
New Technical Books
Nippon Susan Gakkai Shi.  Bulletin of the Japanese Society of
     Scientific Fisheries
Ocean Engineering
Ocean Industry
Ocean Management
Oceanic Abstracts
Oceanus
Offshore
Oil and Gas Journal
Outdoor California
Pacific Oil World
Petroleum Abstracts
Petroleum Engineer  International
Petroleum Today
Pollution Abstracts
Pollution Engineering
Proceedings in Print

                             373

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Resources
Resource Recovery and Conservation
Royal Society of London, Proceedings, Series B, Biological Sciences
Science
Science News
Science of the Total Environment
Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Sea Frontiers
Sea Secrets
Sea Technology
Selected References on Environmental Quality
Selected Water Resources Abstracts
Technical Book Review
The Ecologist
The Engineering Index
The Sciences
UDS Water Quality Control Digest
Underwater Information Bulletin
Underwater Naturalist
Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Water Pollution Control
Water Pollution Control Federation, Journal
Water Research
WRC Information
Western Fisheries
                            374

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                                    TECHNICAL REPORT DATA
                             please read Instructions on the reverse before completing)
    EPA-600/2-77-243
                               2.
                                                             3. RECIPIENT'S ACCESSION-NO.
 t. TITLE AND SUBTITLE
    OIL SPILL AND  OIL POLLUTION  REPORTS
    May  1977 -  July  1977
               5, REPORT DATE
                 November  1977  issuing date
               6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE
 '. AUTHOR(S)              '     ~~	~	

    Penelope Melvin, Helmut Ehrenspeck, and Paul Nordin
               s. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO.
 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS
    Marine Science Institute
    University  of California
    Santa Barbara, California  93106
               10. PROGRAM ELEMENT NO.
                   1NE623
               11. CONTRACT/GRANT NO.

                 R-805052
 12. SPONSORING AGENCY NAME AND ADDRESS
    Industrial  Environmental  Research Lab
    Office of  Research and Development
    U.S. Environmental Protection  Agency
    Cincinnati,  Ohio 45268
- Cin., OH
13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED
 Quarterly,  Hay-July, 1977	
               14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE
                 EPA/600/12
 15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES
 16. ABSTRACT                	

    The May,  1977  - July, 1977  issue of Oil Spill and  Oil  Pollution Reports  is
    a quarterly  compilation of  oil  pollution publications  and ongoing project
    summaries.   Presented in  the report are:   (a} summaries and citations of
    published literature and  patents; (b) summaries  and  status of current research
    projects; and  (c) current oil-related conferences.   This report is submitted in
    partial fulfillment of EPA  Grant No. R-805052 by the Marine Science  Institute,
    University of  California, Santa Barbara, under the sponsorship of the
    Environmental  Protection  Agency.
 17.
                                 KEY WORDS AND DOCUMENT ANALYSIS
 a.
                   DESCRIPTORS
                                               b. IDENTIFIERS/OPEN ENDED TERMS
                            c.  cos AT I Field/Group
    *Bibliographies
    *Summaries
    *Patents
    *Documents
    *Research
   Oil  pollution
   Oil  spill events
   Oil  spill research
   Oil  pollution control
   Oil  pollution patents
                13B
 8. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT
    RELEASE TO  PUBLIC
  19. SECURITY CLASS (ThisReport)
   UNCLASSIFIED	
              21. NO. OF PAGES
                  387
  20. SECURITY CLASS (Thispage)

   UNCLASSIFIED	
                             22. PRICE
EPA Form 2220-1 (9-73)
                                             375
                        *U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1978— 757-140/66Z7

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  I

  I                             U.S.  Environmental  Protection Agency
                           Industrial  Environmental  Research Laboratory
                                     Edison,  New Jersey  08817
               We  are  requesting your  assistance  upon receiving the report ("Oil
          Spill and  Oil  Pollution  Reports,  May 1977 -  July 1977").

               Is  the  information  usable?
               Is  the  format  helpful?

               We  invite your comments and  suggestions.  Thank you.
O)
3
U
                          Name
                          Organization_

                          Address

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Mr. J. S. Dorrler
Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Edison, New Jersey  08817

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